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________________ varNA-abhinaMdana-graMtha 2202 yooom zrI varNI hIraka jayantI mahotsava samiti sAgara
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________________ vI midana-graMtha sampAdaka khuzAlacandra gorAvAlA siddhAntazAstrI, sAhityAcArya, ema0 e0, Adi prakAzaka zrI varNI hIraka jayantI mahotsava samiti sAgara
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________________ prakAzaka pannAlAla jaina, sAhityAcArya, saMyukta-maMtrI zrI varNI hIraka jayantI mahotsava samiti, sAgara mUlya pandraha rupayA Azvina 2476 vI. ni. mudraka paM0 pRthvInAtha bhArgava bhArgava bhUSaNa presa, banArasa
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________________ samarpaNa jisa svayaMbuddhane satyakI zodha, satata sAdhanA, sArvajanIna sevA, paraduHkha kAtaratA tathA bahumukhI vidvattA dvArA ajJAnatimirAndha jaina samAja kA jJAna- locana unmIlita karake, lokottara upakAra kiyA hai unhI zrI 105 kSullaka gaNezaprasAda varNI jI ke kara kamaloM meM
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________________ viSayasUcI saba .deg prakAzakakI ora se sampAdakIya AbhAra 1. Adya maMgala zraddhAMjali-saMsmaraNa-- 2. praNAma 3. zubhAzaMsanam 4. varNIjI-jIvanarekhA 5. 'tumhArA hI vaha pauruSa dhanya' 6. zraddhAMjali 7. gIta 8. 'tumheM zata zata bandana matimAn' 9. jaya yuga ke abhimAna 10. bAbAjI 11. maiM bauddha kaise banA 12. varNI jI 13. sAgarameM AyI eka lahara 14. prathama prabhAva 15. guru gaNeza 16. mAnavatAkA kIrtistambha 17. smRtikI sAdhanA 18. jholIke phUla 19. varNI mahAn 20. khataulIkI AMkheM 21. 'inako gaNeza hama kaise kaheM' 22. mahAn sacamuca mahAn 23. 'vIrakI dena' 24. bundelakhaNDa sadguru zrIvarNIca 25. zrIbandha rASTrakavi zrI maithilIzaraNa gupta zrI paM. pannAlAla 'vasanta', sAhityAcAryAdi... 4 , sampAdaka " hukumacandra bukhAriyA 'tanmaya' sarvazrI vividha ...21-40 zrI puruSottamadAsa kaThala , bI. e. " dharaNendrakumAra 'kumuda' , rAjendrakumAra 'kumareza' lakSmaNaprasAda 'prazAnta' prA. bhikSu jagadIza kAzyapa, ema. e. ... yazapAla jaina, bI. e., elaela. bI. ... -matI kamalAdevI jaina , sumerucandra kauzala, bI.e., elaela. bI. ravIndrakumAra bI. ela. zarrApha, bI. e. elaela. bI. ... sabAI siMghaI dhanyakumAra vi0 jJAnacandra 'Aloka' , phUlacandra 'madhura' , -matI mahAdevI zrI bAbUlAlajaina ... 58 vi. narendra dhanaguMvA , paM. svarAjyaprasAda trivedI, bI. e. ... 61 hIrAlAla pANDe, bI. e., sAhityAcArya ... 65 , paM. govindarAya, zAstrI, kAvyatIrtha ... 66 , prA. rAjakumAra, zAstrI, sAhityAcArya,... 68 darzana tathA dharma1. asti-nAsti vAda 2. zabda naya 3. syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgI ,, DA0 e0 cakravartI, ema. e. , paM. kailAzacandra, siddhAntazAstrI " , cainasukhadAsa, nyAyatIrtha
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha 4. jainadarzanakA upayogitAvAda-- evaM sAMkhya tathA vedAnta darzana 5. jaina pramANa carcAmeM AcArya kundakundakI dena 6. jaina nyAyakA vikAsa 7. Atma aura anAtma 8. bauddha pramANa siddhAntoMkI jaina samIkSA 9. janadarzana 10. jainadharma tathA darzana 11. jagatakI racanA aura usakA prabandha 12. mAnava jIvanameM jainAcArakI upayogitA 13. anantakI mAnyatA 14. ahiMsAkI pUrva paramparA 15. jainadharmameM ahiMsA 16. jainAcAra tathA vizva samasyAeM 17. jainadharmakI ora eka dRSTi 18. vedanIya karma aura parISaha 19. ahiMsAkI sAdhanA 20. jIva aura karmakA vizleSaNa 21. zikSAkI dRSTise samAdhimaraNakA mahattva 22. pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai 23. jaina pratIka tathA mUrtipUjA 24. jainadharmameM kAla dravya 25. jainadharma tathA sampatti zrI , vaMzIdhara, vyAkaraNAcArya , , dalasukha mAlavaNiyA ,, , darabArIlAla, nyAyAcAryAdi ___... 46 " , jvAlAprasAda jyotiSI, ema. e. ,, prA0 harimohana bhaTTAcArya, ema, e. ... ,,, madhavAcArya, ema0 e. ... ,, ambujAkSa sarakAra, ema. e., bI. ela. ... 86 sva0 bAbU sUrajabhAnu vakIla zrI paM. jagamohanalAla siddhAntazAstrI ., rA. ba. prA. e0 cakravartI, ema. e. sva. AcArya dharmAnanda kauzAmbI zrI svAmI satyabhakta ___... 124 sva. DA. veNIprasAda, ema. e., DI. liTa. ... 132 zrI prA. sItArAma jayarAma jozI, ema.e.,Adi...142 , paM. indracandra, zAstrI ... 146 , daulatarAma mitra .... 152 , paM. bAbUlAla gulajhArIlAla ... 158 __ mA. dazarathalAla kauzala " amRtalAla caMcala , prA0azokakumAra bhaTTAcArya,ema.e.kAvyatIrtha 167 , ya. ja. padmarAjaiyyA, ema0 e. ... 172 / prA. khuzAlacandragorAvAlA, ema.e., sAhityAcArya itihAsa-sAhityaV1. jainadharmakA Adi-deza 2. jainAcArya aura bAdazAha mohammadazAha 3. rASTrakUTa kAlameM jainadharma 4. kauladharmakA paricaya V5. bhagavAna mahAvIrakI nirvANa bhami 6. tAmila pradezameM jaina dharmAvalambI 7. mathurAke prAcIna TIle 8. mathurAse prApta do navIna jainAbhilekha 9. purAtattvakI zodha aura jainoMkA karttavya 10. mahAvIra svAmIkI pUrva paramparA ,, prA. esa. nIlakaNTha zAstrI, ema. e. ... 193 mahAmahopAdhyAya paM. vizvezvaranAthareU ... 198 , DAkTara a. sa. Altekara, ema.e., DI. liTa.... 199 , DAkTara A.ne. upAdhye, ema.e., pIeca.DI. 207 ,,, rAjabali pANDeya, ,, DI. liTa. ... 211 , prA0 ema.esa.rAmasvAmI AyaMgara, ema.e. ... 215 " , bhagavatazaraNa upAdhyAya, ema. e. ... 223 , kRSNadatta vAjapeyI, ema.e. ... 229 sva. vensaiNTa e. smitha, ema. e. ... 232 zrI prA0 tryambaka gurunAtha kAle, ema.e. ... 237
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________________ 323 358 viSaya sUcI 11. bhAratIya itihAsa aura jaina zilAlekha sva. DA. e. gerInoTa, ema. e., DI. liTa. ... 243 12. kArakalakA bhairarasa rAjavaMza zrI paM0 ke. bhujabalI zAstrI, vi. bhU. ... 247 13. gavAliyarakA tomaravaMza aura usakI kalA , , hariharanivAsa dvivedI, ema.e., elaela.bI. ___ ... 253 "14. prAcIna sindha prAntameM jainadharma , agaracandra nAhaTA ... 259 15. kuNDalapura atizaya-kSetra satyaprakAza ... 266 16. paurANika jaina itihAsa ,, DAkTara harisattya bhaTTAcArya, ema. e., pIeca. DI. ... 270 17. sArddha-dvisahasrAbdika vIra-zAsana , kAmatAprasAda jaina, ena. Ara. esa. ... 292 18. saMskRta sAhityake vikAsa meM jaina vidvAnoMkA --sahayoga ,, DAkTara maMgaladeva zAstrI, ema.e., pIeca. DI...310 19. svAmI samantabhadra tathA pATaliputra , DI. jI. mahAjana "20. tiloyapaNattI aura yativRSabha ,, paM0 jugalakizorajI mukhtAra 21. jaina sAhitya aura kahAnI DA. jagadIzacandra, ema. e., pIeca. DI. ... 22. jaina sAhityameM rAjanIti ,, paM0 pannAlAla, sAhityAcAryAdi 23. sAgAradharmAmRta aura yogazAstra ,, hIrAlAla zAstrI, nyAyatIrtha 370 24. samyaktvakaumudIke kartA ,, prA. rAjakumAra, zAstrI, sAhityAcAryAdi... 375 25. svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa ,, jyotiprasAda, ema. e., elaela. bI. ... 380 26. kAvyaprakAza-saMketakA racanAkAla prA0 bhogIlAla jayantabhAI sAMDesarA, ema.e...395 27. mahAkavi raidhU ,, paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI ... 398 V28. pAiya sAhityakA siMhAvalokana ,, prA0 hIrAlAla Ara. kApaDiyA, ema.e.... 416 29. praznottara ratnamAlAkA kartA ,, paM0 lAlacanda bhagavAna gAMdhI ... 419 30 jaina kathAoMkI yorUpa yAtrA ,, prA0 kAlIpada mitra, ema.e.sAhityAcArya... 423 31. uttarAdhyayana sUtrakA viSaya " , baladeva upAdhyAya, ema.e., sA. A. ... 426 32. aupapAtika sUtrakA viSaya , DA. vimalacaraNa lau, ema.e., pIeca.DI., DI.-liTa. ... 432 33. dhavalAdi siddhAnta granthoMkA paricaya ,, paM0 lokanAtha zAstrI ... 437 34. ajJAta nAma kartRka vyAkaraNa , DA. banArasIdAsa jaina,ema.e., pIeca. DI ...441 35. kannar3a bhASAko janoMkI dena , prA0 ke. jI. kundanAgara, ema. e. 36. eka ajJAta kannar3a nATakakAra ,, ema. govinda pAi 37. bhAratIya azvAgama ,, pI. ke. goDe, ema. e. 38. jaina purANoMke strIpAtra ,, -matI bra.paM. candAbAI, viduSIratna 39. saMtoMkA mata ,, AcArya kSitimohana sena 40. madhyayugIna santasAdhanAke jaina mArgadarzaka __" , hajArIprasAda dvivedI
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha 41. bhAratIya jyotiSakA poSaka jaina jyotiSa 42. bhAratIya gaNita itihAsake jaina srota 43. AyurvedakA mUla prANavAda 44. svAsthya ke mUla AdhAra 45. dharmapracAra aura samAjasevA vi0 46. jaina samAjakA rUpa vijJAna bundelakhaNDa -- 1. mAtRbhUmi ke caraNoM meM vindhyapradezakA dAna 2. girirAja vindhyAcala 3. khajurAhAke khaNDahara 4. bundelakhaNDa nau varSa 5. bundelakhaNDakA strI samAja 6. sva. paM. zivadarzanalAla bAjapeyI 7. sva. bAbU. kRSNabaladevajI varmA 8. bundelI loka kavi IsurI 9. guruvara gaNapatiprasAda caturvedI 10. jIvana ke khaNDahara 11. abhAgA 12. manasukhA aura kallA 13. 'maiM mandAkinikI dhavaladhAra 14. sujAna ahIra 15. mahAbhArata kAlameM bundelakhaNDa citrA- zrI paM0 nemicandra, zAstrI, jyautiSAcArya. ...469 DAkTara avadhezanArAyaNasiMha, ema.esasI., DI. - esasI. ... 485 paM0 kundanalAla nyAyatIcaM 27 505 507 510 514 33 " 11 37 paM0 banArasIdAsa caturvedI kRSNa kizora dvivedI ambikAprasAda divya, ema. e. zobhAcandra jozI rAdhAcaraNa gosvAmI, ema. e., elaela. bI. 33 1. sudhAkara zukla, sAhitya zAstrI, kA. to. gaurIzaMkara dvivedI, zaMkara " " 11 " " viTThaladAsa modI ajitaprasAda jaina, ema. e., elaela. bI. ratanalAla jaina, bI. e. "1 ,, zyAmasundara bAdala " " gha " ambikAprasAda varmA, ema. e. " 2. yazapAla, bI. e., elaela. bI " paM0 banArasIdAsa caturvedI 21 17 13 pandrabhAnu kIrmikSatriya, vizArada paM0 banArasIdAsa caturvedI viSNuprabhAkara ema. e. *** ... ... ... ... ... 557 563 573 578 583 587 590 591 593 605-628 .. ... ... ... ... ... 516 523 527 537 543 549 ...
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________________ prakAzaka kI orase mArca san 1944 kI bAta hai| pUjya bAbA gaNezaprasAdajI varNI IsarI se 7 varSa bAda paidala bhramaNa karate hue sAgara padhArane ko the| sAgara hI nahIM samasta bundelakhaNDameM eka vizeSa prakAra kA samullAsa chA gAyA thaa| grAma-grAma meM jaina-ajaina janatA ne unake svAgata kI apUrva tayAriyAM kI thiiN| sAgara kI jaina samAja ne isa bAta kA Ayojana kiyA ki jaba varNI jI sAgara padhAreM taba unakI sattaravIM varSagAMTha para hIraka jayantI manAyI jaay| isake lie sthAnIya logoM kI kaI upasamitiyAM banA kara vyavasthA kA kArya-vibhAjana bhI kara diyaa| patroM meM isa bAta kA pracAra kiyA gayA kucha loga adhyakSa kA pada svIkRta karAne ke lie zrI sAhu zAntiprasAdajI DAlamiyAMnagara ke pAsa bhI gaye / isa samAcAra se sAdhAraNa janatA kA ullAsa jahAM kaI gunA bar3hA vahAM kucha vicAraka logoM ne isa Azaya ke bhI patra likhe aura khAsa kara sAhu zAntiprasAdajI ne unake pAsa pahuMce hue AmantrakoM se apane vicAra prakaTa kiye "jaba pUjya varNIjI samasta bhAratavarSa kI anupama nidhi hai taba unakI hIraka jayantI kA mahotsava kisI kendra sthAna meM na manAyA jAkara sAgara jaise sthAna meM manAyA jAya isameM zobhA kama dikhatI hai| samasta bhAratavarSa ke pratinidhiyoM kA sahayoga lekara kendra sthAna meM hI yaha kArya karanA caahiye|" sAhajI kI sammati para jaba vicAra kiyA taba usameM tathya hI adhika dikhaa| phalataH 243-1944 ko sAgara kI jaina-samAja ne apanI eka Ama sabhA meM nimnalikhita prastAva dvArA hIraka jayantI kA Ayojana sthagita kara diyaa| 'sAgarastha jaina samAja gambhIratApUrvaka anubhava karatA hai ki jina tyAga-mUrti prAtaHsmaraNIya pUjya paM0 gaNezaprasAda jI varNI ke anirvacanIya upakAroM se namrIbhUta ho kara unake prati kRtajJatA prakAzanArtha unakI hIraka jayantI manAne kI AyojanA hamAre dvArA kI jAtI hai ve vAstava meM sirpha hama logoM ke hI gaurava evaM Adara kI pratimUrti nahIM hai balki akhila di0 jaina samAja kI vibhUti hai ataH unake prati zraddhAMjali samarpaNa karane kA sabako haka hai aura sabhI loga isake lie hRdaya se utkaNThita hai| itanA hI nahIM, isa viSaya meM hamAre pAsa aneka mAnanIya sammatiyAM AyI hai, ki paramapUjya varNI jI jaise mahAn puruSa kI hIraka jayantI eka dezIya (eka sthAnIya) na banA kara sarvadezIya bnaaiye| tadanusAra yaha parAmarza sarvathA hitakara ucita evaM sAmayika pratIta hotA hai / isalie sAgara samAja samprati isa hIraka jayantI kI AyojanA ko sthagita karatI hai parantu unake zubhAgamana ke harSa meM yaha utsava sammAna-mahotsava ke rUpa meM manAyA jaave|' . hIraka jayantI kA mahAn kAryakrama sthagita ho gayA isase sthAnIya kAryakartAoM ke utsAha meM koI nyUnatA nahIM AyI aura tA0 25 ko prAtaHkAla jyoM hI varNI jI mahArAja sAgara zahara ke nAke para Aye tyoM hI sahasroM nara-nAriyoM kA samUha gAje-bAje ke sAtha unake svAgata ke lie umar3a pdd'aa| zahara ke pratyeka pradhAna mArga toraNoM, patAkAoM aura bandanamAlAoM se alaMkRta kiyA gayA thaa| jaMgaha
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-pranya jagaha puSpa-vRSTi aura AratI ke dvArA janatA ne apanI cirabhakti unake caraNoM meM prakaTa kii| jabalapura, kaTanI, damoha, khuraI Adi sthAnoM se aneka mahAzaya padhAre the / utsava ke samaya hIraka-jayantI kA jo utsava sthagita kara diyA thA use akhila-bhAratIya rUpa dene ke lie sAgara-samAja kI isa bIca meM kaI baiThakeM hotI rhiiN| saubhAgyavaza 17-10-1944 kI baiThaka meM paM0 phUlacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI, banArasa bhI upasthita the| Apane isa sujhAva para jora diyA ki utsava ke samaya pUjya zrI ke karakamaloM meM eka abhinandana-granya bheMTa kiyA jAya jisameM abhinandana ke sivAya anya uttamottama sAmagrI bhI rhe| samiti ke sabhApati zrI bAbU bAlacandrajI malaiyA, bI. essI. sAgara, ke hRdaya meM abhinandana-grantha samarpaNa kI bAta ghara kara gayI aura tabase usakI taiyArI ke lie prayatna karanA saharSa svIkAra kiyaa| isI dina bhArata ke samasta zrImAnoM aura dhImAnoM kI eka 'vargI hIraka-jayantI-samiti' banAyI gayI jisameM 125 sadasya haiN| ina mahAnubhAvoM ke pAsa pUjyavarNI jI kI hIraka-jayantI manAne aura abhinandana-granya samarpaNa karane kA samAcAra pahu~cA taba sabane isa mahattvapUrNa kArya kI sarAhanA kI aura sabane yathAzakya apanI sevAeM samarpita karane kI bAta likhii| 'abhinandana-grantha taiyAra hone para hI hIraka jayantI kA Ayojana kiyA jaay|' yaha nizcita hone se abhinandana-grantha kI taiyArI ke lie prayatna kiyA gyaa| jaina tathA jainetara lekhakoM se samparka sthApita kara kucha prArambhika rUparekhAeM banAyI gayIM / kAryAlaya meM jitanI rUpa rekhAeM AyoM meM unheM lekara banArasa pahuMcA aura vahAM ke adhikatara jaina-vidvAnoM kI baiThaka bulA kara unapara vicAra kiyaa| vidvAnoM ne yathAyogya sujhAva diye| banArasa se Ane para sAgara meM 21 sadasyoM kI abhinandana-granya vyavasthApaka-samiti kA saMghaTana kiyA jisakI prathama baiThaka vidvatpariSad ke prathama vArSika adhivezana ke samaya kaTanI meM 7 mArca 1945 ko huii| isa baiThaka meM abhinandana-grantha kA sampAdana karane ke lie nimnalikhita mahAnubhAvoM kA eka sampAdaka-maNDala cunA gayA / 1 DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya kolhApura 2 paM0 kailAsacandrajI zAstrI banArasa 3 paM0 phUlacandrajI zAstrI 4 paM0 mahendrakumArajI nyAyAcArya 5 paM0 khuzAlacandrajI sAhityAcArya, ema. e. banArasa zrI paM0 khuzAlacandrajI sampAdaka maNDala ke saMyojaka-sampAdaka nirvAcita hue| kAryabhAra prArambha karane ke lie zrI bAlacandrajI malaiyA, sAgara se prApta eka hajAra rupayoM ke sAtha samasta phAileM zrI khuzAlacandrajI ko sauMpa dI aura kArya ko drutagati se Age bar3hAne ke lie samiti ne unheM samagra adhikAra diye| unhoMne sotsAha kArya prArambha kara diyaa| yaha kisI se chipA nahIM hai ki bauddhika sAmagrI kA prApta karanA dravya-prApti kI apekSA bahuta kaThina kArya hai| isa kArya ke lie zrI paM0 khuzAlacandrajI ko bahuta parizrama karanA par3A hai| uccakoTi ke jainetara lekhakoM se bahumUlya sAmagrI prApta kara lenA yaha Apake satata parizrama kA hI phala hai|
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________________ prakAzakI orase jina mahAzayoM ne AbhAra meM datta Arthika sahayoga dekara hameM Athika cintA se unmukta kiyA hai unakA bhI maiM utanA hI RNI haiM jitanA ki vidvAna lekhakoM kA hN| zrI gaNeza di0 jaina vidyAlaya sAgara kI prabandha-kAriNI ne 2000) udhAra dekara kArya ko nahIM rukane diyaa| vijJapti nikAlane para jina grAhakoM ne pAMca pAMca rupayA pezagI tathA pUrA mUlya bhejakara hameM sahayoga diyA hai unake bhI hama AbhArI hai| Arthika cintA ke nyUnatara hone para bhI kAgaja para sarakArI niyantraNa rahane ke kAraNa usakI prApti meM bahuta samaya khonA pdd'aa| anta meM jaba kucha upAya na dikhA taba zrI bAlacandrajI malayA ne AdamI bheja kara eka gAMTha bambaI se banArasa bhijavAyI jisase prakAzana kA kArya prArambha ho skaa| bIca-bIca meM presa kI paratantratA se kArya ruka-ruka kara huaa| ataH grantha ke prakAzana meM AzAtIta vilamba ho gyaa| cUMki grantha-samarpaNa khAsa aGga thA ataH usake abhAva meM hIraka jayantI mahotsava bhI TalatA rhaa| isa mahAna grantha meM kyA hai, yaha likhane kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| phira bhI merA khyAla hai ki zrI khuzAlacandra jIne ise sarvAGga pUrNa banAne ke lie paryApta zrAma kiyA hai aura abhinandana ke sAtha-sAthaM dArzanika, saiddhAntika, sAhityika evaM sAMskRtika aisI uttama sAmagrI kA saMkalana kiyA hai jo ki vartamAna tathA AgAmI pIr3hI ke lie sadA jJAna-vardhaka hogii| isa gurutama bhAra ko vahana karane ke sAtha-sAtha Adhe ke lagabhaga dhana ikaTThA karanA bhI inake prabhAva aura prayAsa kA kArya hai| ataH maiM inakA AbhArI huuN| varNI-hIraka-jayantI-samiti ke kramazaH adhyakSa tathA maMtrI zrI bAlacandrajI malaiyA aura zrI nAthUrAmajI godare ne bar3I tatparatA aura lagana ke sAtha ina samasta kAryoM kA prArambhika saMghaTana kiyA hai jisake lie maiM AbhArI huuN| dhanyavAda ke prakaraNa meM zrI paM0 mannAlAlajI rAMdhelIya, sAgara aura paM0 vaMzIdharajI, vyAkaraNAcArya, bInA kA nAmollekha karanA meM atyanta Avazyaka samajhatA haiM jinhoMne ki apanI amUlya sammatiyoM dvArA isa mArga ko prazasta banAyA hai| nija kI icchA to yaha thI ki yaha grantha amUlya athavA alpamUlya meM hI pAThakoM ko sulabha rahatA parantu adhikAMza dUradarzI sadasyoM kI yaha sammati huI ki granthakA mahattva na girAne ke lie isakA mUlya rakhA hI jAya tathA jo bhI dravya vikraya se Ave usake dvArA pUjya zrI varNIjI kI parama priya zikSA-saMsthAoM-syA0 vi0 banArasa tathA varNI vidyAlaya, sAgara kA poSaNa kiyA jaay| aisA karane se dAnI mahAnubhAvoM dvArA udAratAvaza diyA huA dravya bhI surakSita raha skegaa| anta meM apane samasta sahayogiyoM kA puna: punaH AbhAra mAnatA huA truTiyoM ke lie kSamA prArthI huuN| namra, varNIbhavana-sAgara pannAlAla jaina, sAhityAcArya 2 / 10 / 49, ___ saMyuktamaMtrI, varNI hIraka jyntii-smiti|
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________________ sampAdakIya lambe kArAvAsake bAda bAhara Ane para jaba meM parivartita paristhitiyoMmeM apane Apako samanvita karane kI udher3a-buna meM thA, usI samaya bhAratIya digambara jaina-saMghakI kAryakAriNImeM meraTha tathA dillI jAnA par3A thaa| pravAsa tathA vicaraNane varSoMkI baddhatAse utpanna jar3a ekatAnatA se mukti dii| aura maiM bhAvI jIvana-krama kI rUpa-rekhA banA kara jaba kAzI vApasa AyA to mujhe kucha kAgajAta tathA eka sUcanA milii| yaha sUcanA mere agraja mitra paM0 pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya, saMyuktamaMtrI 'zrI varNI hIraka jayantI-mahotsava-samiti-sAgara' kA Adeza thaa| unhoMne likhA thA "zrI varNI hI. ja. ma. sa. ke nirNayAnusAra maiMne yahAM (kAzI) Akara eka vicAra samiti kii| isameM paM. phUlacandrajI, paM0 mahendrakumAra jI, paM. rAjakUmArajI prabhati aneka vidvAna upasthita the| Apa donoM bhAiyoMke parAmarza kA anupasthitike kAraNa lAbha na uThA sake / isa vicAra-samiti ne hI. ja. ma. samiti ke ikkIsa sadasyoM yukta 'varNI abhinandana-grantha-samiti' vAle nirNayakA svAgata kiyA hai aura Apako usakA saMpAdaka tathA saMyojaka banA kara granthakA pUrA dAyitva Apa para rakkhA hai| AzA hai Apa nirAza na kreNge|" ise dekhate hI 27 julAI, san 1928 kI rAtri, mugalasarAyakA jaMkazana, majhe pukAratA aparicita yuvaka, Dyor3he daraje meM baiThe pUjya varNI jI, apanI AkulatA, unake sAtha bhadainI (kAzI) AnA, syAdvAda di. jaina-vidyAlaya aura usameM vitAye jIvananirmApaka gyAraha varSa; mere mAnasa-kSitija para drutagati se ghUma gye| yadyapi ukta vicAra-samitikA rUpa manameM aneka AzaMkAeM utpanna karatA thA tathApi varNIjI aura syAdvAda vidyAlayakA tAdAtmya bhI spaSTa evaM AkarSaka thA / mujhe isa prayatna ke karane meM samAja-RNa se apanI nizcita mukti dekhane meM eka kSaNa bhI na lgaa| kArya kI gurutA, di. jaina samAjakI zithila sAmAjika dAyitva-vRtti kI smRti tathA pariNAma svarUpa apanI mAnyatAke anurUpa grantha tayAra na kara sakane kA vicAra ukta viveka para paTAkSepa karanA hI cAhatA thA ki "bhaiA jo ko Aya?" sva. bAI jI dvArA bhelapura meM pUche jAne para "apanoi baccA Aya / ya??? ApaseM naI kaI jo hamAre sAthI phandIlAla sAvako nanno larakA to aay|" kahate pU0 varNI jI yAda Aye aura maine natamastaka ho kara paM0 pannAlAlajI ke sneha-Adeza ko svIkAra kara liyaa| yataH ikkIsa AdamiyoM kI 'grantha samiti' granthake bauddhika nirmANake lie saralatAse samayasamaya para nahIM mila sakatI thI ataH maine kaTanImeM isakI prathama baiThaka bulaayii| isane sarva zrI DA0 AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye, kolhApUra, paM0 kailAzacandra siddhAntazAstrI, paM0 phUlacandra siddhAntazAstrI, paM0 mahendra kumAra nyAyAcArya tathA pro0 khuzAlacandra banArasa, ina pAMca sajjanoM kA sampAdaka maNDala bnaayaa| tathA nirNaya kiyA ki granthake bauddhika kalevarakA pUrNa dAyitva pro0 khuzAlacandrapara ho jo ki apane sahayogiyoM se yathAyogya sahayoga lete hue isa kArya ko pUrNa kreNge| ___ phalataH isa pravAsase lauTate hI maine sampAdaka-maNDalakI prathama baiThaka banArasameM bulaayii| DA0 upAdhye yadyapi isa baiThakama bhI sammilita na ho sake the tathApi unhoMne jo spaSTa evaM maitrIpUrNa sammati dI thI usane mujhe samaya-samaya para paryApta utsAha diyA hai| unhoMne likhA thA "sthAna kI dUrI tathA anya vyastatAoM ke kAraNa Apako merA sakriya sahayoga nahIM hI mila sake gaa| aise
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________________ sampAdakIya punIta kAryameM merI sahAnubhUti to sadaiva Apake sAtha rahegI / grantha tayAra hone taka eka lekha bhI avazya bhejuuNgaa| saMbhavataH itanA hI sahayoga Apako dUsaroM se bhI prApta ho aisI merI kalpanA hai aura Apako akele hI yaha bhAra vahana karanA pdd'e....|" ekatva bhAvanAkI isa dhruva pIThikA para maiMne upasthita sahayogiyoM ke sAmane grantha nirmANa meM upayogI mUla siddhAnta upasthita kiye jinheM grahaNa karake sAdhAraNa rUparekhA tathA adhikAMza una jaina vidvAnoM kI viSayavAra tAlikA tayAra kI gayI thI jo hamArI saMbhAvanAnusAra lekhaka ho sakate the / kArya prArambha karane ko hI thA ki julAI '45 meM mujhe kAzI chor3akara ArA jAnA pdd'aa| yahAM pahuMcate hI priyavara bhAI paM0 nemicandra jI zAstrI, nirdezaka di. jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA se bar3A sahayoga milaa| agasta ke prArambha meM hI nimna rUparekhAko aMtima rUpa dekara sAmagrI saMkalanako prArambha kara diyA thA / 1 jaina dharma --pramANa, naya, nikSepa, syAdvAda dRSTi, tattva, SaDdravya, samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna, sarvajJatA, samyakcAritra, zrAvakAcAra, munidharma, AdhyAtma, dhyAna athavA yoga, muktimArga, aSTakarma, lokapuruSa athavA jaina-bhUgola, tIrthakaratva aura avatAravAda, jagatkartRtva, guNasthAna, mArgaNA, divyadhvani, jainadharma kI vizeSatAeM, jainI ahiMsA, vartamAna vizva kI samasyAeM aura jainadharma, parigraha parimANa vrata banAma sAmyavAda, jainatattvajJAna aura vaijJAnika anveSaNa, jainadharma kA Adi maMtra, dharma-adharma dravya-vibhAjana, vedAnta aura jaina adhyAtma, prAcIna jainetara AcAryoM kI jainadharma viSayaka bhrAntiyAM, purANoM meM jainadharma, Adi / 2 jaina sAhitya -- prAkRta-varNya viSaya, grantha, granthakAra, paricaya, bhASA-bheda, zailI, anyavaiziSTya, dhavalAdi grantharAja paricaya, Adi / saMskRta -- saiddhAntika, AdhyAtmika, dArzanika, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, lakSaNa - zAstra, subhASita, nIti, pratiSThA, kathA, koza, Adi / apabhraMza -- kAvya, carita, adhyAtma, Adi / hindI -- hindI (jaina) sAhitya kA kramika udgama, vikAsa, vacanikAkAra, rAso sAhitya, kavi, sphuTa, hindI sAhityakI pragatimeM jaina lekhakoMkI dena / gujarAtI - jainasAhitya - prAkRta sAhitya ke samAna / marAThI - jaina sAhitya tAmila - jainasAhitya 11 baMgalA - jainasAhitya kannar3a - jainasAhitya - anya prAntIya bhASAoM kA jaina sAhitya | sphuTa -- rAjavyavasthA, sAmAjika avasthA, vizva - sAhitya meM jaina sAhitya kA sthAna / saMgIta viSathaka sAhitya, jaina-pAribhASika zabdakoza, videzI bhASAoM (jarmana, phreMca, Adi) kA sAhitya | 13 jaina itihAsa -- paurANika itihAsa ( zalAkA puruSa, Adi), rAjavaMza, AcArya kula, saMghabheda, panthabheda, bhaTTAraka paramparA, jaina rAjanIti, gommmaTezakAra, anya nRpati-nirmAtA, Adi / jainapurAtattva -- mUrtikalA, sthApatyakalA, aSTamaMgaladravya, nandyAvarta, svastika, citrakalA, mohanajodar3o meM jaina bhagnAvazeSa, bhagavAna mahAvIra aura buddha, zAstra bhaNDAroMkA paricaya, Adi / 4 jaina vijJAna -- Ayurveda, jyautiSa, manovijJAna, gaNita, bandha viveka, paramANuvAda, zabdazakti, jainAcara kI vaijJAnikatA / jha
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha I 5 jaina tIrtha - tIcoM kI tIyatAkA itihAsa, tIyaMtA nimittaka vibhAjana, bhaugolika sthiti, Adi / 6 jainasamAja -- prAcIna kAlakA jaina samAja, vartamAna yugake prArambha taka kA saMkSipta paricaya, Adhunika yugakA prArambha, vartamAna yugakI pradhAna pravRttiyAM - mahAsabhA, pariSad, saMgha, Adi / sAmAjika saMsthAoM kA itihAsa, zikSA saMsthAeM, mandira, sAhityika punaruddhAra, sAmAcArapatra, pAramArthika saMsthAeM, auSadhAlaya, dharmazAlA, bhojanAlaya, udAsInAzrama, samAjakI vaidhAnika sthiti / mAtRmaNDala -strIkA sthAna, jAgRti Adi / 7 varNIjI kA jIvana aura saMsmaraNa -- (a) saMkSipta jIvana caritra; - - prArambhika jIvana, jainatva kI ora jhukAva, vidyArthI jIvana tyAga sevAmaya jIvana, zikSA prasAra, sArvadezika pravAsa, prabhAvanA tathA sthitikaraNa tathA mukti ke pathapara / sthApita zikSAsaMsthAoM ke paricaya, vizeSa bhASaNoM tathA patroM ke avataraNa, saMsmaraNa, zraddhAJjali | ( A ) jIvana sambandhI citra tathA sambaddha saMsthA Adi ke citra yathAsthAna / tIrthaMkara AcArya, mUrti maMdira Adi ke citra (i) kavitAe~ -- vividha viSayoM tathA varNIjI viSayaka kavitAe~ yathAsthAna / sAmagrI tathA sahayoga prApta karaneke , 1 prayatnameM lagabhaga DeDa varSa vitAne ke bAda jaba san 047 ke prArambha meM mujhe 'zrI kAzI vidyApITha rajata jayanti abhinandana grantha se avakAza milA to prApta samasta sAmagrIko apane Apa hI eka bAra Ayanta dekhA aura isa niSka para pahuMcA ki aisI sAmagrI se abhinandana grantha digambara jaina, sadRza kisI sAvadhi patra ke vizeSAMka se acchA na hogaa| gatyantarA bhAvAt punaH prAmANika sArvajanika vidvAnoMse vividha prakArase lekha prApta karanekA prayatna prArambha kiyaa| : hIraka jayanti mahotsava samiti zIghra hI grantha tayAra karane ke lie jora de rahI thI kintu presa, kAgaja tathA samucita sAmagrI ke abhAvake kAraNa pratIkSA karanA anivArya ho gayA thA / saubhAgya se dUsarA prayatna paryApta saphala huA aura isa bauddhika madhukarImeM kAphI acche lekha mile| isa bAra punaH pratIkSA karane kI apekSA DA0 upAdhye kI sammatyanusAra svAlambI bananA hI acchA samajhA aura prApta samasta sAmagrIkA sampAdana pUjya bhAI paM0 kailAzacandrajI siddhAntazAstrIkI sahAyatA se svayameva kara DAlA / yataH "sAta pAMcakI lAkar3I eka janekA bojha " hI hotI hai ataH kitane hI upayogI evaM mahattvapUrNa viSayoM para aba bhI lekha na the / aise lekhoMkI pUrti meM ne apanI smRti (Notes ) ke AdhAra para prAcIna prAmANika vidvAnoMke lekhoMko bhAratI (hindI) meM de kara kI isa prakAra saMkalita tathA sampAdita sAmagrIko apane kAzI nivAsI sAthiyoM tathA saMyukta maMtrI varNI hI. ja. ma. sa. se naumbara 47 meM anumata karAke mudraNa kI vyavasthA meM laga gayA aura 21 jUna '48 se vAstavika mudraNa kArya prArambha kara skaa| yadyapi disambara 48 taka granthakA tIna cauthAI bhAga chapa gayA thA tavApi isake bAda kucha mahInoM paryanta presake dUsare kAryoM meM phaMsa jAne ke kAraNa tathA usake bAda anya kAryoM meM mere vyasta ho jAne ke kAraNa mudraNa kArya disambara 49 meM samApta ho sakA / rUparekhA ke anusAra grantha kA kalevara eka hajAra pRSThakA hotA, kintu vaijJAnika evaM prAmANika lekhakoM kI kamI, zAsanakA kAgaja niyaMtraNa tathA svayamupanata Arthika sahayogakA abhAva evaM Arthika sahayoga ke lie prArthanA na karane ke Adeza aura usake nirvAhake kAraNa sAta sau pRSThase hI saMtoSa karanA pdd'aa| vivaza hokara sAmagrIko kama kiyA aura kaI vibhAgoMko eka kara diyaa| pratyake viSaya meM svayaM likhanekI pAzcAtya paddhati vartamAna meM bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne bhI apanAyI hai tathApi "AparitovAdviduSAM na manye sAbu prayoga vijJAnam" vAkya hI merA Adarza hai vizeSa na kaha kara Ja
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________________ sampAdakIya itanA hI kaha sakatA hU~ ki maiMne apanI maryAdAoM kA yathAzakti nirvAha kiyA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki . abhinandana meM kevala ar3asaTha pRSTha dekara zeSa grantha pUjya zrI 105 varNIjI ke jIvanake hI samAna sarva hitakI sAmagrIke lie utsarjita hai / tathA unake hI samAna vidvajjana-saMvedya hokara bhI saralajana manohArI bhI hai| _ vivazatAoM aura maryAdAoMke kAraNa mujhe isa sAdhanAmeM kucha apanI icchAke pratikUla bhI jAnA par3A hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki varNIjI ke kitane hI bhaktoM tathA anurAgI vidvAnoMkI kRtiyoM ko granthameM nahIM de sakA huuN| isake lie maiM unase kSamA prArthI huuN| maiM inakA tathA una saba vidvAnoM kA atyanta AbhArI hU~ jinakI kRtiyoM se yaha grantha banA hai| mAnyavara paM0 banArasIdAsa jI caturvedI kI udAratA to alaukika hai| yadyapi unakA grantha ke sampAdanase koI vaidhAnika sambandha nahIM rahA hai tathApi unhoMne bundelakhaNDa vibhAgakI pUrI sAmagrI tathA citrAvali kA saMkalana aura sampAdana kiyA hai| isa vibhAgake granthameM Ane kA pUrA zreya inhIM ko hai| itanA hI nahIM isameM datta kitane hI vyakti-paraka lekhoMko dekhakara varNIjI kI mahattA. unakI sevAoM kI gurutA tathA apane parama hitUke prati apanI udAsInatA kI ora hamArI daSTi anAyAsa hI jA skegii| ataH maiM caturvedIjIkA saviSeza AbhArI haiN| grantha kI 'citrA' ke viSaya meM hama apane saMkalpa ko pUrNa nahIM kara ske| isake do kAraNa rahe prathama--prAmANika evaM khyAta kalAkAra jaina mAnyatA tathA bhAvoM se aparicita haiM, dUsare merI udaasiintaa| tathApi varNIjI ke jIvana sambandhI citroM ko lene meM mujhe zrI DA0 tArAcandra, pro0 nihAlacandra najA, DA. zikharacandra, vidyArthI narendra dhanaguMvA, zrI varNI granthamAlA tathA yazapAlajI kA paryApta sahayoga milA hai| isake lie ye sajjana dhanyavAdAha hai| bAbU yazapAlajIkA to aura aneka prakAra se bhI sahayoga milA hai ataH kevala dhanyavAda denA usakA mahattva ghaTAnA hai| varNI hIraka jayanti mahotsava samiti ke saMyukta maMtrI paM0 pannAlAlajI sAhityAcAryake viSaya meM kyA kahA jaay| ve isa yojanA ke sRSTA, poSaka evaM paricAlaka rahe haiN| granthakI tayArImeM lage varSoMke atIta para dRSTi DAlane se jahAM mandotsAha evaM zithila aneka sAthI daSTi Ate hai vahIM kartavyaparAyaNa evaM satata prayatnazIla ekAkI inheM dekhakara hRdaya vikasita ho uThatA hai| Aja to hama donoM hI paraspara sahayogI tathA isa zraddhAjJApana yajJake lie dAyI haiN| apane gharake logoM ke prati sArvajanika rUpase kucha bhI kahanA bhAratIya ziSTAcArake pratikala hai| ataH jinake udbodhana, preraNA tathA sarvAGga sahayogake vinA meM zAyada isa dAyitvako pUrNa hI na kara sakatA, una pUjya bhAI ( paM. kailAzacandra, siddhAntazAstrI ) ke viSaya meM mauna hI dhAraNa karatA huuN| bauddhika sahayoga dAtA; dhImAnoM ke samAna una zrImAnoM kA bhI AbhArI haiM jinhoMne mere saMketa karane para hI hameM Arthika sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai / zrI bhArgava bhUSaNa presa ke svAmI zrI pRthvInAtha bhArgava tathA presa ke samasta karmacAriyoM ko hArdika dhanyavAda hai jinake sahayoga se yaha grantha chapA hai| antameM pUjya zrI vIjI ke usa sAtizaya puNya ko praNAma karatA hU~ jisake pratApase yaha kArya pUrNa haA aura unakI dIrghAyu kI kAmanA karatA haiN| zrI kAzI vidyApITha, banArasa / vinIta, pauSa kRSNA 11-2006 ] go0 khuzAlacandra
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________________ zrI bAlacandra malaiyA " sAhU dheyAnta prasAda zAnti prasAda " kundanalAla siMghaI " bhagavAndAsa zobhArAma seTha 21 " munnAlAla vaizAkhiyA sva. zrIdharmadAsa siMghaI zrI hIrAlAla caudharI " " " seTha maganalAla hIrAlAla pATaNI " lAlA nandakizora jainendrakizora jauharI " 21 33 12 33 ," kapUracandra dhUpacandra raIza sipa kanhaiyAlAla giradhArIlAla , seTha mahAvIraprasAda kedAraprasAda cAndamala jI raIza dInAnAtha ThekedAra " rd 11 zrImanta seTha lakSmIcandra zrImanta seTha vRddhicandra seTha baijanAtha sarAvagI " " rAjakRSNa raIza 33 " manoharalAla nanheM mala raIza 33 DAlacandra sarrApha " bAbU rAmasvarUpa seTha amaracandra pahADayA bhAgacandra sonI AbhAra sAgara bambaI DAlamiyAMnagara sAMgara 11 satanA chatarapura bhelasA sivanI kalakattA maroTha dillI " " kAnapura kaTanI rAMcI murAra ( gavAliyara) sAgara baruAsAgara palAsavArI ajamera 10001 500) 1001) 5001 500) 5001 5001 5001 5001 501) 500) 501) 501) 250) 251) 251) 251) 251) 251) 251) 101) 101) 1015 101)
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________________ abhinandana
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________________ prAdya-maMgala Namo arahatANaM, gAmo siddhANaM. gAmo prAiriyANa, NAmo ukjhAyANaM, Namo loye sahaka sAhUrNa /
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________________ ciragAMva ] - mere jinavarakA nAma rAma / he santa ! tumheM sAdara praNAma // tIna ( rASTrakavi maithilIzaraNa gupta
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________________ zubhAzaMsanam caJcaccandrikacandracArucaritA prAcAnta cintAcayA zcetazcintitacintyacakra nicayAH saccitacitrAcarAH / uccAcAra vicAra cAra caturAH satkIrtisArAJcitA ste jIvantu ciraM gaNezacaraNAH zrIcuJcuvRndArcitAH / / udyadivyadineza dIdhiticayaprAgbhArabhAbhAsurA dRpyatkAmakalApalAyanaparAH sacchAntikAntyAkarAH / saMtoSAmRtapAna digdhavapuSaH kAruNyadhArAdharAH zrImanto guNino jayantu jayinaH zrIvarNipAdAzciram / / zAstrAmbhodhivagAhanotthita lasatsadvodhabhAnUdbhava--- divyAloka vilokitAvanitalAH satkIrtikelIkalAH / pApAtApaharA mahAguNadharAH kArUNyapUrAkarA jIyAsurjagatItale guruvarAH zrImadgaNezAzciram / / pIyUSaniSyandanibhA yadIyA vANI budhAnAM hRdayaM dhinoti / dIrghAyuSaH santutarAM mahAnta-- ste vandyapAdA varavarNinAthAH / / (paM0) pannAlAla 'vasanta', sAhityAcArya, sAgara cAra
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________________ varNIjI : jIvana-rekhA kauna jAnatA thA-- 'samaya eva karoti balAbalam' kA sAkSAta nidarzana, AlhA Udalake kAraNa zrAbAla gopAlameM suravyAta, tathA puNyazlokA, bhAratIya jona aopha Arka, svataMtra bhArata mAtAkA avatAra mahArAnI lakSmIbAIke netRtvameM lar3ane vAle antima vidrohiyoMkI puNya tathA pitRbhUmi bundelakhaMDapara bhI jaba sAre bhAratake dAsa ho jAne para antameM dAsatA lAda hI dI gayI, to kUTanItijJa gore vijetA use saba prakArase sAdhana vihIna karake hI saMtuSTha na hue apitu unhoMne aneka bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita karake pavitra bundelakhaDa nAma taka ko lupta kara diyaa| svataMtratAke pujAriyoMkA tIrthasthAna jhAMsI sarvathA upekSita hokara briTiza naukarazAhIkA pichar3A huA jilA banA diyA gayA / para isase bundelakhaNDakA teja tathA svataMtratA-prema naSTa na haA aura vaha alakha Aja bhI jalatI hai| isI jileke maDAvarA paragane meM eka haMserA nAmakA grAma hai| isa grAmameM eka madhyavitta asAThI vaizya parivAra rahatA thaa| isa gharake gRhapatike 50 varSako avasthAmeM prathama santAna huI jisakA nAma zrI hIrAlAla rakkhA gayA thaa| inakI yadyapi paryApta zikSA nahIM huI thI tathApi ve bar3e sUkSma vicAraka tathA svAbhimAnI vyakti the / paristhitiyoMke thaper3oMne jaba inakI Arthika sthitiko bigAr3anA zurU kiyA taba bhI ye zAnta rahe / inhIM paristhitiyoM meM vi0 samvat 1931meM inake ghara eka putrane janma liyA jisakA nAma gaNezaprasAda (Aja pUjya zrI 105 kSullaka gaNezaprasAda varNI ) rakkhA gyaa| jyotiSiyoMne yadyapi cAlakako bhAgyavAna batAyA thA kintu usake janmake bAda chaha varSa taka gharakI Arthika sthiti hIyamAna hI rahI / phalataH karnala hyUroja dvArA maDAvarA-vijayake 22 varSa bAda ( 1880 I0 ) yaha parivAra bhI zrA kara mar3avArAmeM basa gyaa| yadyapi pratizodha lenemeM pravINa goroMne bhAratIya zAsakoMke saradAroM tathA anurakta nAgarikoMkA kasake damana kiyA thA tathApi zAhagar3ha rAjakI rAjadhAnI mar3AvarA usa samaya bhI paryApta dhanI thii| nagaravAsI saikar3oM sammAnya zrImAnoMke dharma premako do vaiSNava tathA gyAraha jainamandira zira uThA kara kahate the / phalataH isa grAmameM Ate hI zrI hIrAlAlajI sammAna pUrvaka jIvana hI na vitAne lage apitu bAlaka gaNezako bhI yahAM ke prAImarI tathA miDila skUloMkI zikSAkA sahaja lAbha ho gayA / itanA hI nahIM jaina-purAmeM rahane ke kAraNa cintana zIla bAlaka gaNezake mana meM eka aspaSTa jijJAsA bhI jar3a jamAne lgii| usakI laukika evaM AdhyAtmika zikSAeM sAtha sAtha cala rahI thI / eka ora vaha apane gurUjIke sAtha pAMca
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha pratidina saMdhyA samaya zAlA (vaizNava mandira) meM AratI dekhane, rAmAyaNa sunane tathA prasAda lene jAte the to dUsarI ora gharake sAmane sthita gorAvAloMke jainamandirake cabUtare para hone vAlI zAstrasabhA tathA pUjA zrAdise bhI anAkRSTa nahIM raha pAte the / jaina mandirakI svacchatA, pUjAkI prAJjala vidhi, pUjanapAThakI saMgItamayatA, purANoM meM hanumAnajI ko bAnara na batA kara vAnaravaMzI rAjA kahanA, Adi varNana jahAM vivekI bAlakake mana para apanI chApa DAla rahe the, vahIM par3osI jainiyoMkA zuddha AhAra vihAra unheM apane kulake rAtribhojana, anachanA pAnI, mahinoM calane vAle dahIke jovana, aAdi zithila aAcAra se khiMcatA jA rahA thA / yataH dRr3ha zraddhAnI pitA sAmaneke jaina mandira meM hone vAlI sabhAmeM jAte the ataH bAlaka gaNezako bhI mAtA vahAM jAnese na roka sakatI thiiN| saMyogavaza 10 varSakI avasthAmeM kisI aisI hI sabhAmeM pravacana ke bAda jaba zrotA niyama le rahe the tabhI bAlaka gaNezane bhI rAtribhojanake tyAgakA niyama le liyaa| "sAMco deva kauna hai inameM ?"---- bAlaka gaNezake manameM prazna uThatA thA ki kisa dharma para zraddhA kI jAya ! kaula-dharma tathA dRSTa dharma meM kise apanAyA jAya ! dvividhA bar3hatI hI jA rahI thI ki eka rAta zAlAmeM prasAdake per3e baTe / inheM bhI purohita dene lage, para inhoMne iMkAra kara diyA / phira kyA thA sAmane baiThe hue gurUjI durvAsA RSi ho gaye aura DaTa gayA prahalAdakI taraha bAlaka gaNeza; "maiM rAtako nahIM khAMUgA aura na samyakdRSTi vAnara vaMzI rAjA hanUmAnako bAnara maanuuNgaa| itanA hI nahIM aba maiM kAlase zAlA bhI nahIM shraauuNgaa|" prakRtyA bhIrU ziSyase gurujI ko aisI AzA na thI, para humkA phor3akara hukkA na pInekI prArthanA karane vAle ziSyakI ye bAteM vyartha to nahIM hI mAnI jA sakatI thii| phalataH 'samajhane para saba karegA ke sivA cArA hI kyA thaa| . dUsarI parIkSA-mAtAke mukhase "lar3akA vigarata jAta hai, dekhata naiyAM bArA barasako to ho gatro, janeU kAye naI karA deta / " sunakara pitAne zrAjAkI anumati pUrvaka kulaguru buDerAke puretako bulAyA tathA yajJopavIta saMskArakI pUrI tayArI kara dI / saMskArake antameM puretajI ne maMtra diyA aura AjJA dI 'kisIko mata btaanaa|' tArkika bAlakakI samajhameM na AyA ki hajAroMko svayaM gurujI dvArA diyA gayA maMtra kaise gopya hai ? zaMkA kI, aura kulaguru ubala par3e / mAtAke pazcAtApa aura khedakI sImA na rahI / muhase nikala hI par3A "IseM binA larakAkI bhalI htii|" jaba prauDhA mAtA uttejita ho gayI to bAraha varSakA lar3akA kahAM taka zAnta rahatA ? manakI zraddhA chipAnA asaMbhava ho gayA aura kaha ho uThA "matAI ApakI bAta bilkula ThIka Aya, aba moya I dharmameM naI raine| Ajase jinendrako chor3akara dUsareko naI mAnUM go| maiM to bhauta dinanase jAI soca ro to ke jaina dharma moro kalyANa karai / " mAtA putrake isa matabhedameM bhI seTha hIrAlAla avacalita the| patnIko samajhAyA ki jora jabaradastIse kAma vigar3e gA lar3akeko par3hane likhane do| par3hAI calatI rhii| skUla meM jo vajIphA milatA thA use apane chaha
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________________ varNIjI : jIvana-rekhA brAhmaNa sAthI tulasIdAsako de dete the| isa prakAra 14 varSa kI umrameM hindI miDila pAsa karanepara logoMne naukarI yA dhaMdhA karane ko kahA para aAntarika dvividhAmeM par3A kizora kucha bhI nizcita na kara sakA / cAra varSa bIta gaye, dhIre dhIre choTA bhAI bhI vivAha lAyaka ho rahA thA phalataH 18 veM varSameM inakA vivAha kara diyA gyaa| yauvana prabhAtameM saMsArameM bhUla jAnA svAbhAvika thA para prakRtikA saMketa aura thaa| yaha varSa bar3e saMkaTa kA rahA / pahile vivAhita bar3e bhAIkI mRtyu huI, phira pitA saMdhAtika vImAra hue jise dekhakara 110 varSakI avasthAmeM zrAjAko icchAmaraNa prApta huzrA aura agale dina pitA bhI cala base / vidhavA jIvitanRta yuvatI bhAbhI aura bilakhatI vRddhAmAtAne sAre vAtAvaraNako saMsArakI kSaNabhaMguratAse bhara diyA / sira para par3e dAyitvako nibhAne ke lie madanapurake skUla meM mAsTarI zurU kI / TreniMgakA prazna uThA aura nArmala pAsa karane AgarA gaye / kintu prArambha ho gayI satyakI khoja / kisI mitrake sAtha jayapura gaye aura vahAMse indaura pahu~ce / phira mAtA patnIke bharaNa poSaNa ko cintA huI aura zikSA vibhAgameM vahIM naukarI kara lii| para ye thaper3e kinAre para na lA sake ataH phira ghara loTa aaye| tIsarI parIkSA--ghara pAte hI patnIkA dvirAgamana ho gyaa| avasthAne vijaya paayii| kArITorana grAmake skUla meM adhyApakI karane lge| patnIko bulA liyA, sukhase samaya kaTa rahA thaa| kakere choTe bhAIkA vivAha thA ataH usameM gye| paMktimeM sabake sAtha baiThakara jImanekA maukA AyA kintu bhojana jainiyoM jaisA nahIM thA ataH pAMtameM baiThanese iMkAra kara diyA / jAti vAle Aga babUlA ho gaye, jAtise girAne kI dhamakI dI gayI / mAtAne samajhAyA 'aba tuma larakA nauMi ho, samajhajhake calo apano dharama pAlo, kAye moya lajAuta ho / ' patnI bhI apane saMskAra tathA sAsake samajhAnese apanA vaiSNava dharma pAlanekA Agraha karane lagI / phalataH usase mana haTha gayA / socA jo karanA hai use kahAM taka TAlA jAya aura kisa lie? "Apa saba janoM kI bAta maMjUra hai. maiM apane Apa alaga bhayo jAta / " kaha kara gharase nikala pdd'e| "taisI mile sahAya--- gharase calakara TIkamagar3ha orachA pahuMce / saubhAgyase vahAM zrIrAma mAsTarase bheMTa ho gayI aura inhoMne jatArAke skUla meM niyukti karavA dI / yahAM pahuMcane se zrI kaDorelAla bhAyajI, paM0 motIlAla varNoM tathA rUpacandra banapurayAkA samAgama prApta huaa| khUba dharma carcA tathA pUjAdi calate the| bar3hatI AsthA ke sAtha sAtha dharmakA rahasya jAnanekI abhilASA bhI bar3hatI jA rahI thI / javAnIkA joza tyAgakI tarapha jhukA rahA thA phalataH bhAyajIne samajhAyA pahile jJAna sampAdana karo phira tyAga karanA / unhoMne yaha bhI bAra bAra kahA ki mAtA patnI ko bulA lo aba ve anukUla ho jAMya gii| kintu Atma-zodhake lie kRtasaMkalpa yuvaka gaNeza prasAdako kahAM vizvAsa thaa| unake manameM zRddhA baiTha gayI thI ki saba jainI acche hote haiN| ataHunakI sAta.
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hI saMgati karanI cAhiye zeSa logoMse bacanA cAhiye / tathApi bhAyajI kI bAta na TAla sake aura mAtAjI ko cale pAneke lie nivadenAtmaka patra DAla diyA, kintu isameM spaSTa saMketa thA ki yadi Apane jinadharma dhAraNa na kiyA to Apa donoMse merA koI sambandha nahIM rhegaa|' para kauna jAnatA thA ki kucha hI dinameM ve mAtA mila jAne vAlI haiM jo yuvaka gaNezako zIghra hI paMDita gaNezaprasAda varNAMke rUpameM jaina samAja ko deM gii| __ jatArAke pAsake simarA gAMvameM eka kSullaka jI virAjamAna the phalataH apane sAthiyoMke kahane para varNI jI bhI vahAM gaye / zAstra vAMcA tathA bhojana karane sampanna vidhavA sidhaina ciroMjAbAI jIke yahAM gye| bhojanake samaya varNIjIkA saMkoca dekhakara nisantAna vidhavAkA mAtRtva ubhara AyA aura manasA unhoMne inheM apanA putra usI kSuNase mAna liyaa| kintu varNIjI zrAtma rahasya jAnane ke lie utAvale the / socA kSullaka jI adhika sahAyaka ho sakeM ge, para nikaTa samparkane zrAzAko nirmUla kara diyaa| kinhIM logoMko svAdhyAya karAte hue AjIvikA karanekI sammati dI / isa prakAra jaba varNAjI apanI dhunameM masta the, unheM kyA patA thA ki unakI dharma-mAtAko yaha saba nAgavAra gujara rahA hai| antameM 'berA ghare calo"kaha kara ve unheM apane ghara le gayIM / unako ghara rakhA aura payUSaNa parva bAda jayapura jA kara jaina zAstroMke adhyayanakI sammati dii| phalataH parva samApta hote hI jayapurako cala diye / inake cale jAne ke bAda mAtApatnI AyIM aura inhe na pAkara bhagna-manoratha ho kara phira mahAvarA ko lauTa gyiiN| kintu abhI samaya nahIM AyA thA mArgameM gavAliyara Thahare to vahAM para corI ho gayI phalataH pAsameM kucha na rahA / varNI jIne yadyapi jayapura yAtrAkA vicAra chor3a diyA tathApi jisa prakAra kaSTa sahate hue jatArA lauTe aura lajA saMkocavaza dharmamAtAke pAsa na gaye, usane hI bAIjI (siMdhaina ciroMjAbAIjI) ko AbhAsa de diyA thA ki yaha jJAna prApta kiye vinA rukane vAle nahIM haiM / kucha samaya bAda inake mitra khuraI dharma carcA sunane ke lie nikale unake zrAgrahase yaha bhI cala diye / yadyapi TIkamagar3ha meM hI goTIrAma bhAyajI kI upekSAne inheM zAstrajJa bananeke lie kRta-saMkalpa banA diyA thA tathApi yaha zreya to khuraIko hI milanA thaa| jahAM khuraI ke jinamandira, zrAvaka, zAstra pravacana, zrAdine varNojI ko AkRSTa kiyA thA vahIM khuraIkI zAstra sabhAmeM prApta 'yaha kriyAto hara dharma vAle kara sakate haiM....tumane dharmakA marma nahIM smjhaa| Ajakala na to manuSya kucha samajhe aura na jAne kevala khAna pAnake lobhase jainI ho jAte hai / tumane bar3I bhUla kI jo jainI ho gye|" vyaGga tathA tiraskAra pUrNa samAdhAnane varNIjIke supta AtmA ko jagA diyA / yadyapi aMtaMragameM kar3avAhaTa thI tathApi Uparase "usa dina hI Apake darzana karugA jisa dina dharmakA mArmika svarUpa Apake samakSa rakha kara Apako saMtuSTa kara skuugaa|" miTa uttara dekara adhyayanakA aTala saMkalpa kara liyA thA / tathApi turanta koI mArga na sUjhaneke kAraNa usa samaya ve paidala hI mar3AvarAko cala diye aura tIna dina bAda rAtameM ghara phuNce| pATha
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________________ varNIjI : jIvana-rekhA dvitIya yAtrA-mAtAne socA jagakI upekSAne zAyada AMkheM khola dI haiM aura aba yaha ghara raha kara kAma kregaa| para antaraga meM prajvalita jJAnatRSAkI zAnti kahAM thI ? tIna dina bAda phira bamarAneko cala diye aura vahAMse rezandIgirakI yAtrAko paidala hI cala diye / vahAMse yAtrA karake kuNDalapura gaye / isa prakAra tIrthayAtrAse pariNAma to vizuddha hote the para jJAnavRddhi na thii| bahuta socakara bhI yuvaka varNI digbhrAntase cale jA rahe the / rAmaTeka, muktAgiri, Adi kSetroM kI yAtrA kI kintu mandiroMkI vyavasthA aura svacchatAne raha raha kara eka hI praznako puSTa kiyA-'kyA yahAM AdhyAtmika lAbha (jJAna carcA) kI vyavasthA nahIM kI jA sakatI 1 usake vinA isa sabakA pUrNa phala kahAM ?' pratIta hotA hai ki mArgakI kaThinAiyAM pUrva baddha jJAnavaraNIko samApta karaneke lie paryApta na thoM phalataH khujalIne zarIra para AkramaNa kiyA / aura bar3hate zArIrika kaSTa tathA ghaTate hue paisene kucha kSaNoM ke lie viveka para bhI pardA DAla diyaa| phalataH paisA bar3hAnekI icchAse vetUlameM tAzake patte para dAva lagAyA aura avazeSa tIna rupayA bhI kho diye| phira kyA thA zArIrika kaSTa carama sImA para pahuMca gayA, udara bharaNa ke lie miTTI khodanekA kAma bhI karanA par3A / kintu isa saMyaM gane unheM bhUlakara bhI akArya karanese virata kara diyA / ___"jJAnIke chanameM triguptise sahaja Tarete" -gajapaMthameM AravIke seThase bheMTa huI aura bambaI pahuMce / basa yahAMse vidvAna varNIkA jIvana prArambha hotA hai| khurajAke zrIgurudayAlasiMhase bheMTa huI unhoMne inake sthAnAdikI vyavasthA jamavA dI / ina dinoM varNI jI kApiyAM beca kara zrAjIvikA karate the tathA paM0 jIvArAmase kAtantra vyAkaraNa tathA paM0 bAkalIvAlase ratnakaraNDa par3hate the / saMyogavaza isI samaya zrI mANikacandra di0 jaina parIkSAlayakI sthApanA huI aura parIkSAmeM sasammAna uttIrNa honeke kAraNa varNIjI ko paM0 gopAladAsa jI ne chAtravRtti dilA kara jayapura bheja diyaa| yahAM Ane para adhyayanakA krama aura vyavasthita ho gayA aura ve sarvArthasiddhi, Adi granthoMko par3ha sake / jisa samaya kAtantrakI parIkSA de rahe the usI samaya patnIkI mRtyukA saMvAda milaa| varNI jI ne ise bhI apane bhAvI jIvanakA pUrva cinha samajhA aura zAnta bhAvase nivRtti mArgako apanAnekA hI saMkalpa kiyaa| jaina samAjameM bhI sAMskRtika jAgaraNa ho rahA thA phalataH mathurAmeM mahA vidyAlayakI sthApanA huI aura vartamAna meM prAcya zikSita jaina samAjake mahAguru paM0 gopAladAsajI varaiyAne varNIjIko mathurA bulA liyaa| yahAM Anese paM0 pannAlAlajI vAkalIvAlakA samAgama punaH prApta karake varNI jIne 'apane prANoM ko hI pAyA thA / adhyayanakA krama aba vyavasthita ho rahA thA, tathA pUrNa zikSA prApta karanekA saMkalpa dRr3hatara / phalataH gurUbhaktise prerita hokara vaha kArya bhI kara dete the jo nahIM karanA cAhiye thA / yahI kAraNa thA ki paM0 ThAkuraprasAdajI ke lie caudazake dina bAjArase AlU-veMganakI tarakArI lAnese iMkAra bhI na kara sake tathA atyanta bhayabhIta bhI hue| lakSya ke prati sthiratA tathA bhIrUtAke vicitra samanvayakA yaha anUThA nidarzana thaa| varNIjI apane viSayameM svayaM ekAdhika bAra yaha kaha cuke haiM ki merI prakRti bahuta Darapoka thI, nau
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jo kucha koI kahatA thA cupa cApa suna letA thaa|" kintu yaha aisA guNa siddha huA ki varNIjI sahaja hI usa samayake jaina netAoM tathA guru gopAladAsajI, paM. baladevadAsajI, Adike vizvAsabhAjana bana sake / itanA hI nahIM, isa guNane varNIjIko Atma-Alocaka banAyA jisakA prArambha simarA bheje gaye jAlI patrako likhanekI bhUlako svIkAra karanese huA thaa| tathA hama dekhate haiM ki isa avasarapara kI gayI gurUjIkI bhaviSyavANI "aAjanma Anandase rahoge" akSarazaH satya huI hai saca to yaha hai ki isake bAda hI zrAjake nyAyAcArya paM0 gaNezaprasAdakA prArambha huA thA, kyoMki isake bAda do varSa khurajAmeM rahakara varNI jI ne gavarnameMTa saMskRta kAleja banArasakI prathamA tathA nyAyamadhyamA kA prathama khaNDa pAsa kiyA thaa| "eka bAra bande jo koI...."-khurajAmeM rahate samaya eka dina mRtyukA svapna dikhA / varNIjI kI aTala jaina dharma zraddhAne unheM sammedazikhara yAtrAke lie prerita kiyaa| kyA patA jIvana na rahe ? phira kyA thA garmI meM hI zikharajIke lie cala diye / prayAga Akara akSayavaTa dekhakara jahAM bhAratIyoMkI zraddhAlutAke prati Adara huA vahIM unakI ajJatAko dekhakara dayA bhI aayii| varNI jIne dekhA ajJa zraddhAlu janatAko guNDe paNDe kisa prakAra Thagate haiM phalataH unakI vaidika rIti rivAjoM parase bacI khucI zraddhA bhI samApta ho gayo / zikharajI pahuMcane para girirAjake darzanase jo ullAsa huA vaha garmI ke kAraNa hone vAlI yAtrAkI kaThinAIkA khyAla Ate hI kama hone lgaa| unake mana meM pAyA "yadi hamArI bandanA nahIM huI to adhama puruSoMkI zreNImeM ginA jaauugaa| kintu unakI aTala zraddhA phira sahAyaka huI aura ve sAnanda yAtrAse lauTa kara isa lokApavAda-bhIrutAse sahaja hI baca ske| varNIjI parikramAko jAte haiM aura karake lauTate haiM, para isa yAtrA meM jo eka sAdhAraNa sI ghaTanA huI vaha unake antaraMgako 'karatalAmalaka' kara detI hai / ve mArga bhUlate haiM aura pyAsase vyAkula ho uThate haiM / mRtyuke bhaya aura jIvanake mohake bIca jhUlate hue kahate haiM "yadyapi nirIha vRttise hI bhagavAnakA smaraNa karanA zreyomArgakA sAdhaka hai| hameM pAnIke lie bhakti karanA ucita na thaa| parantu kyA kareM ? usa samaya to hameM pAnIkI prApti muktise bhI adhika bhAna ho rahI thii| ........tRSita ho prANa tyAgU?........janmase hI akiJcatkara huuN| Aja niHsahAya ho pAnIke vinA prANa gamAtA huuN| he prabho eka loTA pAnI mila jAya yahI vinaya hai / ........ bhAgyameM jo badA vahI hogA phira bhI he prabho ? Apake nimittane kyA upakAra kiyA ?" varNojI jaba ina saMkalpa vikalpoMmeM DUba aura utarA rahe the usI samaya pAnI mila jAtA hai| pUrva puNyodayase prApta isa ghaTanAne unameM jo zraddhA utpannakI usakI prazaMsA karate hue ve svayaM kahate haiM "usa dinase dharmameM aisI zraddhA ho gayI jo ki bar3e bar3e upadezoM aura zAstroMse bhI bahuta hI zramasAdhya hai|" "kAya vA sAghayAmi zarIraM vA pAtayAmi" ___sammedazikharase simarA vApasa gye| TIkamagar3ha rahakara hI adhyayana cAlU rakhanekA prayatna kiyA kintu adhyApaka dulAra jhAse pazubaliko le kara vivAda ho gayA aura ahiMsAke pujArI varNIjIne taya kiyA 'mUrkha rahanA acchA kintu hiMsAko puSTa karane vAle adhyApakase vidyArjana karanA acchA nhiiN|" daza
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________________ varNIjI : jIvana rekhA para jisakI jIvana-sAdha hI pAMDitya thI vaha kaise par3hanA chor3a kara zAnta baiThatA ? phalataH dharmamAtA se AjJA lekara haripura ( ilAhAbAda ) 0 ThAkuraprasAda ke yahAM cale Aye | adhyayana sucAru rUpa se cala rahA thA kintu 'saMgAt saMjAyate doSaH / ' eka dina sAthI ke sAtha bhaga pI lI / nazA huA, paMDitajI ne rAtrimeM khaTAI khAneko kahA, para AtaM pAlyaM prayatnaH phalataH nizibhojana tyAga vratako nibhAne ke lie naze meM bhI jAgarUka rahe / 'bhaMga khAneko jainI na the' suna kara gurUjIke pairoM meM gira par3e aura apane aparAdha ke lie pazcAtApa kiyA tathA apane jainatvako aisA dRr3ha kiyA ki 'hastinA tADyamAno'pi na gacchejjaina mandiram ke gar3ha kAzI meM bhI vijaya pAyI / varNIjI UMcI zikSA ke lie kAzI pahuMce / anya vidyArthiyoM ke samAna pothI lekara paM0 jIvanAtha mizra ke sAmane upasthita hue / nAma kula gharma pUchA gayA / prakRtyA bhIrU paM0 gaNeza prasAdane sAhasake sAtha kaha diyA 'maiM brAhmaNa nahIM hUM / " paMDita Aga babUlA ho gayA abrAhmaNa aura usapara bhI vedanindaka ' kadApi nahIM, mere yahAM trikAla meM nahIM par3ha sktaa| varNIjI bhI zamItarU haiM / unake bhItara chipA naiyAyika jAga uThA aura bole "IzvarecchA vinA kArya nahIM hotA, taba kyA hama izvarakI icchA ke vinA hI ho gaye ? nahIM hue; taba Apa jAkara Izvarase jhagar3A kro|" vicAre kAzI ke paMDitake lie hI yaha nUtana anubhava na thA apitu varNoM jIke antaraMga meM bhI nUtana prayogakA saMkalpa udita ho cukA thA / nAgarikatA evaM sabhyatAkI raMga raMgameM bhidI sAmpradAyikatA ne kSaNa bharake lie varNIjIko nirAza kara diyA / ve koThImeM baiTha kara rudana karane lage aura so gaye / svapna dekhA, bAbA bhAgIrathIjIko bulAo aura zrutapaJcamIko kAzI meM pAThazAlAkA muhUrta karo / phalataH yaha prayatna prArambha kiyA aura dUsare adhyApaka kI khoja meM laga gaye / tathA bar3I kaThinAiyoMko pAra karate hue paMDita ambAdAsa zAstrIke ziSyatvako prApta kara sake / isa samaya taka parama tapasvI bAbA bhAgIratha jI A cuke the| saMyogavaza agravAla sabhA meM varNoMjI cAra minaTa bole jisase kAzI ke loga prabhAvita hue / vidyAlaya ke prayatnakI carcA huI tathA paM0 jhammanalAlajI sA0 se eka rupayA prathama sahAyatA milii| varNojI tathA bAbAjI nirutsAha na hue apitu cauMsaTha kArDa lekara samAjake vizeSa vyaktiyoMko likha diye / vizuddha pariNAmoMse kRta prayatna saphala huA / sva0 bAbU devakumAra raIza ArA, seTha mANikacanda javerI bambaI, bAbU chedIlAla raIza banArasa Adine prayatnakI prazaMsA kI aura sahAyatAkA vacana diyA / yadyapi nirutsAhaka uttara bhI Aye the tathApi jyoM hI sau rUpayA mAsika sahAyatAkA vacana milA tyoM hI paM0 pannAlAlajI bAkalIvAlako bulA liyA / paM0 bAdAestat - adhyApaka tathA paM0 vaMzIdharajI indaura, paM0 govindarAyajI tathA apane Apako Adi chAtra karake varNIjIne kAzIke zrI syAdvAda digambara jaina vidyAlayakA prArambha kiyA jisane jaina samAjakI sAMskRtika jAgrati ke lie sabase uttama aura adhika kArya kiyA hai / kaha sakate haiM ki syAdvAda gyAraha
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-prantha di. jaina vidyAlayane jaina samAjako vahI sevA ki hai jo zrI sayyada ahamadake alIgar3ha vizvavidyAlayane musalamAnoMkI, pUjya mAlavIyajIke kAzI vizvavidyAlayane vaidikoMkI tathA pUjya gAMdhIjIke vidyApIThoMne pUre bhAratakI kI hai| prathama do zikSA saMsthAnoMkI apekSA syAdvAda vidyAlayakI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki isane kabhI bhI jaina sAmpradAyikatA ko uThane taka nahIM diyA hai| mAnA ki upari likhita sajanoMke sivA syAdvAda vidyAlayako unnatike zikhara para le jAnemeM paramapUjya bAbA bhAgIratha jI varNI, zrI dIpacandajI varNI, sva070 jJAnAnandajI, vAvA zItalaprasAdajI,zrI nirmalakumAra raIsa(bArA) vartamAna maMtrI bAbU sumatilAlajI, pradhAnAdhyApaka paM0 kailAzacandrajI, supari0bAbU pannAlAla caudharI, AdikA hAtha pradhAna rUpase rahA hai, tathApi yaha eka saMsthA varNIjIko amara karaneke lie paryApta hai, kyoM ki ve isake saMsthApaka hI nahIM haiM, apitu Aja jaina samAjakI vividha saMsthAnoMke poSaka ho kara bhI unheM sadaiva isake sthAyitvakI cintA rahatI hai / aisA lagatA hai ki ve apanI isa mAtR-putri saMsthAko kSaNa bhara nahIM bhUlate haiN| isa saMsthAke Adi pradhAnAdhyApaka paM0 ambAdAsa zAstrIko Adhunika jaina naiyAyikoMkA kulaguru kahanA hI upayukta hogA / Azcarya to yaha hai ki isa mahAna saMsthAkA prArambha kitanA sAdhAraNa thA / vaTabIjase bhI laghutara, kyoM ki sabase pahile zrI mUlacandra sarrApha baruAsAgarane do hajAra gajarazAhI kAyA sahAyatAmeM diye the / kintu aAdhunika yugoM jainatvake sthitikAraka ukta mahAzayoMke satprayatnakA hI yaha phala hai ki isa vidyAlayane vividha viSayoMke vizaSejJa aneka vidvAna jaina samAja tathA dezako diye haiM / syAdvAda vidyAlayake vidyArthI rahate hue varNIjIne adbhuta Atmazodhana kiyA thA yaha nimna ghaTanAoMse spasTa ho jAtA hairAmanagarakI suprasiddha rAmalIlA dekhane varNAjI gRhapatiko anumati vinA cale gaye / lauTanepara vicAra huaa| javAnIkA joza, varNIjI bhI kucha kaha gaye / kaThora vinayI (DisiplenarI) bAvAjIne inheM pRthaka kara diyaa| vidAyIkI sabhA huI / prakRtyA vinamra varNIjIko Atmabodha huaa| unake pazcAtApa tathA dRr3hatApUrNa bhASaNane bAbAjIko pighalA diyaa| bAbAjIne anubhava kiyA ki sarva sAdhAraNa unake samAna akampa vinayI nahIM ho sktaa| phalataH apane zrAdarza tathA loka zaktikA vicAra karake unhoMne adhiSThAtRtva ko tyAga diyA / sabase rocaka bAta to yaha thI ki dUsareke dvArA lAde gaye daNDake viruddha khar3e hone vAle vIMjIne eka mAsa paryanta madhura bhojanakA svayameva tyAga kara diyaa| yaha AtmadaNDa varNIjIke lie sAdhAraNa nahIM thA kyoMki ve kahA karate haiM ki jaba brahmacArI umarAvasiMhane apanA nAma jJAnAnanda rakkhA to goSThImeM carcA huI aura varNIjIne kahA 'bhaiyA maiM yadi apano nAma badaloM to bhojanAnanda' rakhoM kAye ki vo adhika sArthaka hogaa|' varNIjI rAjarSi haiM, kahAM kauna uttama bhojya padArtha hotA yA banatA hai yaha saba jitanA ve jAnate hai usase bhI bar3hakara unakI isake prati udAsInatA hai| bAraha
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________________ varNojI: jIvana-rekhA lAlA prakAzacandra sahAranapura varNIjIke sAtha chedIlAlajI kI dharmazAlAmeM rahate the / yauvana, dhana tathA svacchandatAne inheM vigAr3a diyA thA / apane avaguNa chipAneke lie inhoMne varNIjI ko ghUsa denI cAhI, para varNIjIne sau rupayAke noTapara najara bhI na DAlI / go ki 'doSavAde ca maunam' ko pAlana karate hue dUsarese na kaha kara varNIjI ne unhIM ko samajhAyA / saMsArako jitanA adhika varNIjI samajhate haiM utanA zAyada hI koI jAnatA ho tathApi itane gambhIra haiM ki unakI thAha pAnA asaMbhava hai| kintu vizeSajJatA tathA gAmbhIryane unakI zizu sulabha saralatApara raMcamAtra prabhAva nahIM DAlA hai| Aja bhI kisI bAtako sunakara unake mukhase Azcarya sUcaka pluta "are" nikala par3atA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki sva0 bAIjI tathA zAstrIjI bahudhA kahA karate the "terI buddhi kSaNika hI nahIM komala bhI hai / tUM pratyekake prabhAvameM A jAtA hai|" manuSyake svabhAvakA adhyayana karanemeM to varNIjIko eka kSaNa bhI nahIM lagatA / yahI kAraNa hai ki ve vividha yogyatAoMke puruSoMse sahaja hI vividha kArya karA sake hai / yaha bhI samajhanA bhUla hogI ki yaha yogyatA unheM aba prApta huI hai / vidyArthI jIvanameM bAIjIke motiyAbindakI cikitsA karAne kisI baMgAlI DAkTarake pAsa jhAMsI gaye / DAkTarane yoM hI kahA yahAMke loga bar3e cAlAka hote haiM phira kyA thA mAtA-putra usakI lobhI prakRtiko bhAMpa gaye aura cikitsAkA vicAra hI chor3a diyaa| bAdameM usa kSetrake saba logoMne bhI batAyA ki vaha DAkTara bar3A lobhI thA / kintu dharmamAtA kI vyathAke kAraNa varNIjI duHkhI the,unheM svastha dekhanA cAhate the| tathApi unakI zrAjJA hone para banArasa gaye aura parIkSAmeM baiThe goki mana na lagA sakaneke kAraNa asaphala rahe / lauTanepara bAgameM eka aMgreja DAkTarase bheMTa huii| varNIjI ko usake viSayameM acchA khyAla huaa| usase bAIjI kI AMkhakA zrAparezana karAyA aura bAIjI ThIka ho gyiiN| itanA hI nahIM vaha itane prabhAvameM pAyA ki usane ravivArako mAMsAhArakA tyAga kara diyA tathA kapar3oMkI svacchatA Adiko bhojana-zuddhikA aMga banAnekA inase bhI Agraha kiyA / . varNIjIkA dUsarA vizeSa guNa guNagrAhakatA hai, jisakA vikAsa bhI chAtrAvasthAmeM hI huA thA / jaba ve cakauto ( darabhaMgA ) meM adhyayana karate the taba draupadI nAmakI bhraSTa bAlavidhavAmeM praudAvasthA Ane para jo ekAeka parivartana huzrA usane varNIjI para bhI adbhuta prabhAva DAlA thA / ve jaba kabhI usakI carcA karate haiM to usake dUSita jIvanakI aora saMketa bhI nahIM karate haiM aura usake zraddhAna kI prazaMsA karate haiM / vihArI musahara kI nirlobhitA to varNIjIke lie Adarza hai / alpa vitta, apar3ha hokara bhI usane unase daza rupaye nahI hI liye kyoM ki vaha apane auSadhijJAnako sevArtha mAnatA thaa| ghorase ghora ghRNotpAdaka avasaroMne varNIjImeM virakti aura dayAkA hI saMcAra kiyA hai pratizodha aura krodha kabhI bhI unake viveka aura saralatAko nahIM bheda sake haiM / navadvIpameM jaba kahArinase machalIkA AkhyAna sunA to vahA~ke naiyAyikoMse vizeSa jJAna prApta karane ke pralobhanako chor3a kara sIdhe kalakattA phuNce| aura vahAMke vidvAnoMse teraha
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bhI chaha mAsa adhyayana kiyA / isa prakAra yadyapi varNIjIne taba taka nyAyAcArya ke tIna hI khaNDa pAsa kiye the tathApi unakA laukika jJAna khaNDAtIta ho cukA thaa| tathA unhoMne apane bhAvI jIvana kSetra-jaina samAjameM zikSA pracAra tathA mUka sudhArake lie apane Apako bhalI bhAMti tayAra kara liyA thaa| . 'jAno aura jAnane do-' mAzA kalakattese lauTakara jaba banArasa hote hue sAgara Aye to varNI ne dekhA ki unakA janma janapada zikSAkI dRSTi se bahuta pichar3A huA hai / jaba nainAgira tarapha vihAra kiyA to unakA AtmA tar3apa uThA / baMgAla aura bundelakhaNDa kI bauddhika viSamatAne unake antastalako AloDita aura Andolita kara diyA / rathayAtrA, jalayAtrA, AdimeM hajAroM rupayA vyaya karane vAloMko zikSA aura zAstra-dAnakA vicAra bhI nahIM karane dekhakara ve avAka raha gye| unhoMne dekhA ki bhojana-pAna tathA laiGgika sadAcAra ko dRr3hatAse nibhAkara bhI samAja bhAva-AcArase dUra calA jA rahA hai| sAdhAraNa sI bhUloMke lie loga bahiSkRta hote haiM aura ApasI kalaha hotI hai| prArambhameM kisI vidhavAko rakha lene ke kAraNa hI 'vinaikAvAra hote the para halavAnImeM sundara patnIke kAraNa vahiSkRta, digauDemeM do ghor3oMkI lAr3AI meM durbala ghor3eke' marane para sabala ghor3e vAlekA daNDa, Adi ghaTanAoMne varNIjIko atyanta sacinta kara diyA thaa| haradIke raghunAtha modI bAlI ghaTanA bhI inhIM saba bAtoMkI poSaka thii| unake mana meM pAyA ki jJAna vinA isa jar3atAse mukti nhiiN| phalataH Apane sabase pahile baMDA (sAgara, ma0 prA0) meM pAThazAlA khulvaayii| isake bAda jaba Apa lalitapurameM isa cintAmeM magna the ki kisa prakAra usa prAnta ke kendra sthAnoM meM saMsthAeM sthApita kI jAya usI samaya zrI sabAlanavIsane sAgarase Apako bulAyA / saMyogakI bAta hai ki Apake sAtha paM0 sahadeva jhA bhI the / phalataH zrI kaNDayAke prathama dAnake milate hI akSaya-tRtIyAko prathama chAtra paM0 mannAlAla rAMdhelIyakI zikSAse sAgarameM zrI sattarka sudhA taraMgiNI pAThazAlA' kA prArambha ho gayA / gaMgAkI vizAla dhArAke samAna isa saMsthAkA prArambha bhI bahuta choTA thaa| sthAna prAdike lie morAjI bhavana Aneke pahile isa saMsthAne jo kaThinAiyAM uThAyoM vAstava meM ve varNIjI aise baddhaparikara vyaktike abhAvameM isa saMsthAko samApta kara deneke lie paryApta thiiN| Arthika vyavasthA bhI sthAnIya zrImAnoM kI dukAnoMse milane vAle eka AnA saikar3A dharmAdAke Upara azrita thii| para isa saMsthAke vartamAna vizAla prAGgaNa, bhavana, zrAdiko dekhakara anAyAsa hI varNIjIke sAmane darzakakA zira jhuka jAtA hai| Aja jaina samAjameM bundela khaNDIya paMDitoMkA prabala bahumata hai usake kAraNoMkA vicAra karane para sAgarakA yaha vidyAlaya tathA varNI jI kI preraNAse sthApita sAhmala, papaurA, mAlathauna, lalitapura, kaTanI, mar3AvarA, khuraI, bInA, baruAsAgara, zrAdi sthAnoMke vidyAlaya svayaM sAmane A jAte haiM / vastusthiti yaha hai ki ina pAThazAlAoM caudaha
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________________ varNIjI : jIvana-rekhA ne prArambhika aura mAdhyamika zikSA dene meM bar3I tatparatA dikhAyI haiM / ina sabameM sAgara vidyAlayakI sevAeM to cirasmaraNIya hai / barNI jAne pAThazAlA sthApanA ke tIrtha kA aise zubha muhUrta meM pravartana kiyA thA ki jahAMse ve nikale vahIM pAThazAlAeM khulatI gyiiN| yaha sthAnIya samAjakA doSa hai ki ina saMsthAoM ko sthAyitva prApta na ho sakA / isakA varNIjI ko kheda hai / para samAja yaha na soca sakA ki prAnta bharake lie vyAkula mahAtmAko eka sthAnapara bAMdha rakhanA anucita hai / unake saMketapara calakara AmoddhAra karanA hI usakA karttavya hai / tathApi varNitraya satata pravAsa tathA vizuddha puruSArthane bundelakhaNDa hI kyA ajJAna andhakArAcchanna samasta jaina samAjako eka samaya vidyAlaya pAThazAlA rUpI prakAza staMbhoM se Alokita kara diyA thA / isI samaya varNIjIne dekhA ki kevala prAcya zikSA paryApta nahIM hai phalataH yogya avasara Ate hI zrApane jabalapura 'zikSAmandira' tathA jaina vizva vidyAlayakI sthApanAke prayatna kiye| yaha saca hai ki jabalapurakI sthAnIya samAja fat kAraNoM se prathama prayatna tathA samAjakI dalabandI evaM udAsInatA ke kAraNa dvitIya prayatna saphala na ho sakA,tathApi usane aisI bhUmikA tayAra kara dI hai jo bhAvI sAdhakoMke mArgako sugama banAvegI / Aja bhI varNAMjI bauddhika vikAsa ke sAtha karmaThatAkA pATha par3hAne vAle guru kuloM tathA sAhitya prakAzaka saMsthAnoMkI sthApanA va poSaNa meM dattacitta haiN| Upara ke varNana se aisA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki varNIjIne mAtRmaNDala kI upekSA kI, para dhruva satya yaha hai ki varNojIkA pAThazAlA zrAndolana lar3ake lar3akiyoMke lie samAna rUpase calA hai / itanA hI nahIM jJAnI tyAgI mArgakA pravartana bhI Apake dIkSAgurU bAbA gokula candra ( pituzrI paM0 jagamohanalAlajI siddhAntazAstrI ) tathA Apane kiyA hai / "vara svAratha ke kArane" Azcarya to yaha hai ki jo varNIjI adhika paisA pAsa na hone para haphtoM kacce cane khAkara rahe aura bhUkhe hI raha gaye, apanI mAtA ( sva0 ciroMjA - ) bAIjIse bhI kisI cIjako mAMgate zaramAte the, unhIMkA hAtha pAramArthika saMsthAoMke lie mAMganeko sadaiva phailA rahatA hai / itanA hI nahIM saMsthAoM kA candA unakA dhyeya bana jAtA thA / yadi aisA na hotA to sAgara meM sAmAyikake samaya tandrA hote hI candekI lapakameM unakA zira kyoM phuutttaa| pAramArthika saMsthA kI jholI sadaiva unake gale meM par3I rahI hai / Apane apane ziSyoM ke gale bhI yaha jholI DAlI hai / para unheM dekhakara vaNI jIkI mahattA himAlaya ke unnata bhAlake samAna vizva ke sAmane tana kara khar3I ho jAtI hai| kyoMki unameM " mara jAUM mAMgUM nahIM apane tanake kAja / ' kA vaha pAlana nahIM hai jo pUjya vargIjIkA mUlamaMtra rahA hai / vargIjIkI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki jo kucha ikaTThA kiyA vaha sIdhA saMsthAdhikAriyoMko bhijavAyA yA diyA aura svayaM nirlipta / barNIjIke nimitta se itanA adhika candA huA hai ki yadi vaha kendrita ho pAtA to usase vizva pandraha
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha vidyAlaya sahaja hI cala sakatA / tathApi itanA nizcita hai ki asalI (grAmINa) bhArata meM jyoti jagAnekA jo zreya unheM hai vaha vizva vidyAlaya ke saMsthApakoMko nahIM mila sakatA, kyoMki varNIjI kA puruSArthaM nadI, nAle aura kUpa jalake samAna gAMva, gAMvako jIvana de rahA hai / varNIjIko dayakI mUrti kahanA ayukta na hogA / unake hRdayakA karuNAsrota dIna duHkhIko dekhakara avAdhagati se bahatA hai / dIna yA AkrAntako dekhakara unakA hRdaya tar3apa uThatA hai / yaha pAtra hai yA apAtra yaha be nahIM soca sakate, usakI sahAyatA unakA carama lakSya ho jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki nagada rupayA, cAMdI ke gahane tathA bharapeTa bhojana karane vAle gRhastha bhikhamaMge ne inase 1 bhojana vasUla kara liyA aura bAdameM inakI saralatApara rIjha kara "kevala uparI veza dekhakara ThagA na jAnA" upadeza diyA thA / go ki usakA upadeza vyartha hI rahA aura loga veza banAkara varNIjIko Aja bhI Thagate haiM, para bAbAjI "kartu vRthA praNayamasya na pArayanti / " ke anusAra "are bhaiyA hameM vo kA Thagai jo apane Apako Thaga raho / " kathanako sunate hI zrAja bhI dayAmaya varNoMke vividha rupa sAmane nAcane lagate haiM / yadi eka samaya luhArase saMDasI mAMga kara lakar3ahArinake pairase khajUrakA kAMTA nikAlate dikhate haiM to dUsare hI kSaNa baheriyA grAma ke kuAMpara daridra dalita varga ke bAlakako apane loTese jala tathA mevA khilAtI mUrti sAmane A jAtI hai, tIsare kSaNa mArga meM ThiThuratI strIkI ThaMDa dUra karane ke lie laMgoTIke sivA samasta kapar3e zarIra para se utAra phekatI zyAmala mUrti jhalakatI hai, to usake turanta bAda hI lakar3ahAre ke nyAya prApta do AnA paisoM ko lie, tathA prAyazcita rupase sera bhara pakvAnna lekara garmI kI dupaharI meM daur3atI huI pasIne se lathapatha mUrti AMkhoM ke Age nAcane lagatI hai / karrApura ke kuMepara vaNIMjI pAnI pI kara calanA hI cAhate haiM ki dRSTi pAsa khar3e pyAse mihatara para ThiThaka jAtI hai| dayA umar3I aura loTA kueMse bhara kara pAnI pilAne lage, lokApavAdabhaya manameM jAgA aura loTA DIra usIke sipurda karake calate bane / sthiti - pAlana aura sudhAra kA anUThA samanvaya isase bar3hakara kahAM milegA ? " jo saMsAra viSai sukha hoto" isa prakAra vinA vijJApana kiye jaba varNAMjI kA caritra nikhara rahA thA tabhI kucha aisI ghaTanAeM huI jinhoMne unheM bAhya tyAga tathA vratAdi grahaNa ke lie prerita kiyaa| yadi sva 0 ( siMghaina ciroMjA - ) bAIjIkA varNIjI para putra sneha lokottara thA to vargIjIkI mAtRzraddhA bhI anupama thI / phalataH bAijI ke kAryako kama karane ke lie tathA priya bhojya sAmagrI lAneke lie ve svayaM hI bAjAra jAte the / sAgara meM zAka phalAdi kUjar3ineM becatI haiN| zraura muhakI ve jitanI aziSTa hotI haiM acaraNakI utanI hI pakkI hotI haiM / eka kisI aisI hI kUjar3inakI dukAnapara do khUba bar3e zarIphA rakhe the| eka raIsa inakA mola kara rahe the aura jar3anakA muMha mAMgA mUlya eka rupayA nahIM denA cAhate the, AkhirakAra jyoM hI ve dukAna se Age bar3he solaha
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________________ varNIjI : jIvana-rekhA varNAjIne jAkara ve zarIphe kharIda lie / lakSmI-vAhanane isameM apanI heThI samajhI aura adhika mUlya dekara zarIphe vApasa pAnekA prayatna karane lage / kUjaDinane isa para unhe Ar3e hAthoM liyA aura varNIjIko zarIphe de diye / usakI isa nilobhitA aura vacanakI dRr3hatA kA varNIjI para acchA prabhAva par3A aura bahudhA usIke yahAMse zAka sabjI lete the| para cora yadi duniyAko cora na samajhe to kitane dina corI karegA ? phalataH svayaM durbala aura bhoga lipta samAjameM isa bAtakI kAnAphUsI prArambha huI, varNAjIke kAna meM usakI bhanaka AyI / socA saMsAra 1 tUM to anAdi kAlase aisA hI hai, mArga to maiM hI bhUla rahA hUM, jo zarIrako sajAne aura khilAne meM sukha mAnatA huuN| yadi aisA nahIM to uttama vastra, pATha rupayA serakA sugaMdhita camelIkA tela, bar3e bar3e bAla, Adi viDambanA kyoM ? aura jaba svapnameM bhI manameM pApamaya pravRtti nahIM to yaha viDambanA zataguNita ho jAtI hai / pratikriyA itanI bar3hI ki zrIchedIlAla ke bagIcemeM jAkara zrAjIvana brahmacaryakA praNa kara liyA / mokSamArgakA pathika apane mArgakI ora bar3hA to laukika buddhimAnoMne apanI neka salAha dI / ve saba isa vratagrahaNake viruddha thIM tathApi vaNIMjI aDola rahe / isa vrata grahaNa ke pazcAt unakI vRtti kucha aisI antarmukha huI ki patitoMkA uddhAra, antarjAtIya vivAha, Adike viSayameM zAstra sammata mArga para calanekA upadezAdi denA bhI unake manako saMtuSTa nahIM karatA thA / yadyapi ina dinoM bhI prativarSa ve paracAra sabhAke adhivezanoMmeM jAte the tathA bAbA zItalaprasAdajIke vidhavA vivAha Adi aise prastAvoMkA zAstrIya AdhArase khaNDana karate the / bundelakhaNDake acche sArvajanika Ayojana unake vinA na hote the / tathApi unakA mana vecaina thaa| ina sabameM AtmazAnti na thii| vyaktigata kAraNa se na sahI samaSTigata hitakI bhAvanAse hI virodha aura vidveSako avasara milatA thaa| aise hI samaya vIjI bAbA gokulacandrajIke sAtha kuNDalapura (sAgara ma0 prA0) gaye yahAM para bhI bAbAjIne udAsInAzrama khola rakhA thaa| vaNIMjIne apane manobhAva bAbAjIse kahe aura saptama 'pratimA' dhAraNa karake padase bhI apane Apako varNI banA liyA / jJAna aura tyAgakA yaha samAgama jaina samAjameM adbhuta thA / aba vIjI vratiyoMke bhI guru the / aura sAmAjika virodha tathA vidveSase bacane kI apekSA usameM par3aneke avasara adhika upasthita ho sakate the kintu vaNIMjIkI udAsInatAse anugata vinamratA aise avasara sahaja hI TAla detI thii| tathA varNI hokara bhI unake sArvajanika kArya dina dUne rAta caugune bar3hate jAte the| "puNya to" loga kahate haiM "vaNojI na jAne kitanA karake cale haiM / aisA sAtizaya puNyAtmA to dekhA hI nhiiN|" kyoMki jaba jo cAhA milA, yA jo kaha diyA vahI huA aisI aneka ghaTanAeM unake viSayameM sunI haiN| nainAgira aise parvatIya pradeza meM unake kahane ke bAda ghaMTe bharameM hI akasmAt aMgUra pahuMca jAnA, bar3againIke mandirako "pratiSThAke samaya sUkhe kutroMkA pAnIse bhara jAnA, Adi aisI ghaTanAeM haiM jinhe sunakara manuSya Azcarya meM par3a jAtA hai| satraha
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha "kAhe ko hota adhIrA re" - jaba varNI jI ukta prakArase samAjakA sammAna aura pUjA tathA mAtuzrI bAIjI ke mAtRsnehakA zravirodhena rasa le rahe the usI samaya bAIjIkA ekAeka svAsthya bigar3A | vivekI vargIjIkI AkhoMke dhAge zrAdyamilanase taba takakI ghaTanAeM dhUma gayIM / aura kalpanA AAyI prakRtyA vivekI, buddhimAna, dayAlu tathA vyavasthA premI bAIjI zAyada aba aura mere Upara apanI sneha chAyA nahIM rakha skeNgii| unakA sarala hRdaya bhara AyA aura zrAMkheM chalachalA AyIM, viveka jAgA, 'mAtA ? tumane kyA nahIM diyA aura kiyA apane utthAnakA upAdAna to mujhe hI bananA hai| Apake ananta phaladAyaka nimitta ko na bhUla sakUMgA tathApi prArabdhako TAlanA bhI saMbhava nahIM / ' phalataH ananta mAtR-viyogake lie apaneko prastuta kiyA / bAIjIne sarvasva tyAga kara samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka apanI ihalIlA samApta kI / vivekI lokaguru jI bhI ro diye aura antaraMga meM anantaviyoga duHkha chipAye sAgara se apane parama priya tIrthakSetra droNagirikI ora cala diye / para kahAM hai zAnti ? moTarakI agalI sITake lie kahA sunI kyA huI; rAjarSine savArIkA hI tyAga kara diyA / sAgara vApasa Aye to bAIjIkI "bhaiyA bhojana kara lo" AvAja phira kAnoMmeM zrAne sI lagI / socA mohanIya apanA pratApa dikhA rahA hai / phira kyA hai apane manako dRr3ha kiyA aura abakI bAra paidala nikala par3e vAstavika viraktikI khoja meN| phira kyA thA gAMva, gAMvane bAijI ke lAr3ale se jyoti pAyI / yadi savArI na tyAgate paisevAle bhakta loga Atma-sudhArake bahAne unheM vAyuyAna para liye phirate, para na rahA vAMsa, na rahI vAMsurI / varNAMjI jhoMpar3I jhoMpar3I meM zAntikA sandeza dete phirane lage aura pahuMce hajAroM mIla calakara girirAja sammedazikhara ke aMcala meM / zAyada pUjanIyA bAIjI jo jIvita rahakena kara sakatI vaha unake maraNane saMbhava kara diyaa| yadyapi varNIjIko yaha kahate sunA hai "mujhe kucha svadezakA ( svajanapada ) abhimAna jagrata ho gayA aura vahAMke logoMke utthAna karanekI bhAvanA uTha khar3I huii| logoM ke kahane meM Akara phirase sAgara jAnekA nizcaya kara liyaa| isa paryAya meM hamase yaha mahatI bhUla huI jisakA prAyazcitta phira zikharajI jAneke sivAya anya kucha nahIM, cakrameM A gayA / " tathApi zrAja varNIjI na vyaktise baMdhe haiM na prAnta yA samAjase, unakA viveka aura viraktikA upadeza jalavAyu ke samAna sarvasAdhAraNa ke hitAya hai / aThAraha
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________________ tumhArA hI vaha pauruSa dhanya ! zrI hukamacandra bukhAriyA, 'tanyaya' samprati yuga he eka zreSThatama puruSa vRddha ! muTThI bhara durbala hAr3oMke he stUpa !! jiyo tuma avicala jaba taka -- bhalai sukhyAta yA ki badanAma, dUra kSitija para tapta divAkara, svArthamaya yA ki parama niSkAma, zItala zazi, nakSatra anekAneka-- prakAzita haiM jagamaga jagamaga ! mAnA vikRta prati yA ki pUrNa abhirAma ! sahana gambhIra vahI itihAsa kintu zanaiH zanai bhayabhIta atra taka itihAsa huA jAtA yaha soca-vicAra bahana karatA AyA hai bhAraanekoM kA-laghu yA ki mahAna - ki nikaTAgata meM tuma jaba prApta unnIsa use hoo ge hI anivArya, saMbhAlegA taba kaise bhAra tumhArA vaha 1 he gahana mahAn ! anekoM zizu bhole sukumAra, zikSita bane bhUmike bhAra,
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha Dolate the jIvanake artha, kintu asaphala hote the vyartha ! tumhArA mAnava karUNA-srotasukomala-mamatA aonaprotana saha pAyA yaha trAsa mahAna, mahAmanu-vaMzaja kA apamAnaho uThA pAhata-sA kaTi-baddha, pratijJA-baddha, vajra-saMkalpa, vizva-kalyANa-bhAvanA sAtha ! tumhArA hI vaha paurUSa dhanya ! tumhArA hI vaha sAhasa dhanya !! ki sthApita karA die sarvatra bar3e-choTe aneka ve sthAna jahAM vidyA karatI hai hAsa saMskRti karatI samuda vilAsa; jahAM kI pAvana raja meM loTa dudha muhe zizu bhole nAdAna zanaiH banate sakveika javAna ; aura yauvana-maya nArI-prANa-- tarUNa pAkara vidyAkA dAna sahaja hI bana jAte vidvAn , sIkha jAte saMskRtikA jJAna-- ki kaise lAyI jA sakatI kaThina sUnI ghar3iyoM meM bhI manohara manda manda muskAna ! kiyA jA sakatA hai kaise sukhI jIvanakA zubha aAhvAna !! aura lAyA jA sakatA hai anizi meM bhI svarNa-vihAna !!! zrIsa
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________________ zraddhAJjali zrImAn tyAgI gaNezaprasAda jI varNIkA AtmA pavitra hai| dharmarasa se aura dharmaprabhAvanAkI sadbhAvanAtroM se paripluta hai / AtmAkI zuddhi-vizuddhi unakA aTala dhyeyavindu rahA hai| laukika AzA AkAMkSA unake cittameM sthAna pAtI nahIM / pUrva jIvana ke viSayameM jo jo bAteM sunane ko milI sunakara unakI udAra hRdayatAkA, dharmabhAvanAoMkA paricaya prApta kara hRdayako santoSa hI huA / lobha aura pralobhanoMkI adhikatara sAmagrIke bIcameM ghira jAne para bhI apanI aTala Atma vizuddhi aura AtmaikAgrabhAvanAke bala para hI AtmA adhikAdhika vizuddhiko prApta ho sakatA hai / laukika dRSTi se kahA jAya to "AdhyAtmapravaNatA" hI varNIjIkA antazcara prANa hai aura samAja meM saddharma ke pracArakI jAgRta bhAvanA yaha bahizcara prANa hai| dharmonnatike sAdhanoM aura dharmAyatanoMke nirmANa meM unake mana-vacana-kAya sadA hI lage rahe haiM / zrI varNIjI jaise zraddhAse nirmala, jJAnase prabhAvazAlI aura cAritrase vikasanazIla bhavyAtmA birala haiN| yaha hArdika kAmanA hai ki varNIjI cirakAla ke lie jIvita rheN| kAraMjA ] -(kSulaka ) samantabhadra pUjya guruvarya ke kina kina guNoMkA smaraNa kasaM ? bhaktike atirekase bhAvoMmeM pUra A rahA hai| unake vacana mere lie pAgama ho gaye haiN| unakA saMkalana aura pracAra mere jIvanakI sAdha bana cuke haiN| maiM unake caraNa cinhoM para cala sakU yahI hArdika bhAvanA hai| jabalapura]-- -(bra. ) kastUracandra nAyaka pUjya vaNoMjI Ajake jaina zalAkA-puruSa haiN| Apa sabase bar3e samayajJa haiM ataH Apa sarvapriya aura mAnya haiM / sarala jIvana aura "jAna do apanekokA karane" unheM virakta jIvanakI mUrti banA dete haiM / 'jiyo aura jIno do' to Apake jIvanakA mUlAdhAra hai| maiM unase atyanta upakRta hUM ekkIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha ataH nikaTakA honeke kAraNa mere dvArA unakA guNagAna kaisA ? ve cirAyu hoM isI bhAvanAko bhAtA huA unake caraNoM meM praNAma karatA huuN| gayA ] -(bra.) govindalAla jinhoMne janmase hI udAsIna rahakara tyAgapUrNa jIvana bitAyA hai, zikSA aura jJAna pradhAna tyAgakA mArga calAyA hai, paidala hI calakara gAMva gAMva jAkara ajJAna aura kalahameM par3I janatA kA uddhAra kiyA hai unake viSayameM maiM kyA kaha sakatA hUM kyoMki merI virakti aura jJAnavRttike bhI to vahI varNIjI mUlasrota haiN| baruAsAgara ] --(bhagata ) sumeracandra Wan mujhameM jo kucha tyAga aura viveka hai usake kAraNakA vicAra karane para varNIjIkI sarala mUrti sAmane A jAtI hai / ataH unake caraNoMmeM praNAma karaneke sivA kucha aura kahanA dhRSTatA hogii| rezandIgiri ]-- ___-(bra.) maMgalasena tuccha Wan zrI varNIjI kI mere nivAsa sthAna jabalapurapara bahuta varSoM se kRpA rahI hai| parantu mujhe unake darzana karane kA avasara 1645 meM jelase nikalaneke pazcAta hI prApta huaa| unakI vidvattA to asaMdigdha hai hI, parantu mujha para unake sarala svabhAvakA atyadhika prabhAva pdd'aa| vRddhAvasthAko aMgrejImeM loga dvitIya bAlyakAla kahate haiM, parantu isakA kAraNa usa avasthA meM utpanna hone vAlI zArIrika tathA mAnasika durbalatA hai| parantu varNIjI mujhe bAlakake samAna bhole lage, apane caritra-bala ke kAraNa / apane grantha 'kRSNAyana' meM maiMne jIvanmuktakA jo varNana kiyA hai usakI nimnalikhita caupAiyAM mujhe varNIjI ko dekhate hI yAda A jAtI hai jimi vitarata anajAne lokA, sumana surabhi, tAraka AlokA, timi jIvana-krama tAsu udArA, saukhya caturdika vitarana-hArA / nAgapura - (paM0) dvArakA prasAda mizra, maMtrI, vikAsa tathA nirmANa, madhyaprAnta bAIsa
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________________ tumheM zata zata bandana matimAn / (1) apane athaka yatnake bala para, kI unnati bAdhAeM saha zara, bane virodhI bhI anuyAyI Aja tumheM pahicAna / / (4) rahA sadA yaha dhyeya tumhArA, baneM samAja vivekI sArA, kriyA kANDa aru kurItiyAM saba ho jAyeM niSprANa // (5) saMsthA sAgara ke nirmAtA, Atma tatva ke anupama jJAtA, hai agAdha pANDitya tumhArAtuma guruvarya mahAn // (3) jainAgama ke vRddha pujArI, haiM sevAeM amUlya tumhArI, kaise ho sakate hama URNa kara kiJcit guNagAna // (6) phira bhI hama saba hokara pramudita, karate zraddhAJjalI samarpita, karo inheM svIkAra; tapasvI ! ho tumase utthAna // tumane jJAna prasAra kiyA hai, vidvAnoM ko janma diyA hai, dUra vivAdoM kalahoM se raha__ kiyA Atma kalyANa / rur3akI]-- (zAstrI) dhararNandrakumAra 'kumuda teIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha. jainadharmako maiM bhArata bhUmipara tyAga aura tapomaya jIvanake lie kiye hue anubhavoM meM ucca sthAna detA hUM aura isI kAraNa usake prati merI sahAnubhUti hai| jaina prAkRta aura saMskRta evaM apabhraMza sAhityameM bhAratIya saMskRtike lie atyadhika sAmagrI bharI huI hai| jina pUrvaja vidvAnoMne isa sAhityake nirmANameM apane vratapUrNa jIvanakA sadupayoga kiyA hai unake prati zraddhAJjali arpita karanA hamArA kartavya hai ! pUjya varNIjI aisI hI vibhUti haiM, unakA tathA jaina sAhityase bhAratIya saMskRtikI vyAkhyA ke saba prayatnoMkA maiM abhinandana karatA huuN| nayI dillI ] ___ (DA0) vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, ema0 e0, DI0 liTa pUjyavara varNojI se merA sambandha 40 varSa se hai| mere gAMva baruAsAgara meM 40 varSa pUrva ApakA do varSa mukAma rhaa| taba mujhe bhI Apake samparkameM AnekA saubhAgya prApta huaa| Apake upadezase merI par3hane meM ruci huI aura mere Upara Aye hue saba prakArake vinoMko TAla kara merI zikSAkI Apane hI vyavasthA kii| jaina samAjake isa mahopakArI mahAtmAkI manovRtti jainadarzana, jainatattvajJAna aura jainadharmake pracAra aura udyotanameM hI nirantara rahatI hai| bundelakhaNDa prAntakA to Apake dvArA kalpanAtIta upakAra huA hai / Apane saikar3oM garIboM ko pUMjIpatiyoMke caMgulase bacAyA, RNamukta karAyA / sthAna sthAna para choTI bar3I pAThazAlAeM aura saMskRta vidyAlaya khole| aApane parasparake vaimanasyoMkA saikar3oM jagaha kAlAmuMha kiyA, saikar3oM garIba bhAI paJcAyatI prathAke durupayogase choTI choTI azAstrIya bAtoMke hI Upara jAticyuta kahe jAte the unakA zuddhikaraNa karAyA aura vaha saba tattat paJcAyatoMne pUrNa mAnya kiyA / unake sambandha meM kisImeM bhI koI matabheda paidA nahIM huaa| Apako aSTasahasrI par3hanekI bar3I utkaNThA thI--koI par3hAne vAlA nahIM thA, apanA koI vidyAlaya nahIM thaa| isIlie aApane pratijJA le lI thI ki jaba taka maiM usa granthako pUrNa nahIM par3ha lUMgA, sile hue kapar3e nahIM phnuuNgaa| isI pratijJAne kAzImeM syAdvAda mahAvidyAlayakI nIMva Apase DalavAyI aura jaina nyAyake paThana pAThanakA pramukhatAse pracAra kraayaa| pUjya varNIjIne sAgarameM aura bundelakhaNDameM aneka sthAnoM para jaise bInA, papaurA, khuraI, baruA sAgara, nainAgira, droNagira bAmaurA, sADhUmala, AdimeM vidyAlaya khulvaaye| inameM bahutase to chAtrAvAsa yukta haiM / Apane sAmAjika sudhArake lie kaI choTI moTI sabhAtroMkI sthApanA kraayii| zrApane saMskRta zikSA pracArakI bar3I lahara utpanna kI, jisake pariNAma svarUpa Aja bundelakhaNDameM Apake kRpApAtra aneka yogya vidvAna pAye jAte haiN| ApakI vANImeM karuNA rasakI pradhAnatA hai| ApakI dayAvRttikA mukAva asamarthakI ora adhika caubIsa
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________________ zraddhAJjali rahatA hai / Apako par3hAnekI apekSA par3hanA adhika pasanda hai / Apa saMsthA sthApita karate haiM varan adhikAra nahIM cAhate ataeva Apa sarva sasthAtroMke svayambhU adhikArI haiN| AcaraNapara ApakA vacapanase hI adhika dhyAna rahA hai| zrApakA svabhAva hI aisA prabhAvaka hai ki daza pAMca tyAgI hamezA sAthameM rahA hI karate haiM, ataH svayaM zrApa eka prakArake saMghapati haiN| samAjameM jitane pakSa haiM, varNIjIko unameM kisIkA bhI anugAmitva pasanda nahIM, na kisIko anugAmI banAnA pasanda hai| Apa lokapriya netA haiM, ApakA ullekha karate samaya koI bhI 'pUjya' pada lagAye vinA santoSa nahIM maantaa| Apake bhASaNameM madhuratA aura vyaktitva meM mahAna AkarSaNa hai| brahmacaryakA pratApa Apake ativRddha kAyameM bhI pratyakSa dikhatA hai / battIsoM dAMta maujUda haiM, saba indriyAM kAma kara rahI haiN| Ajakala ApakI dRSTi kanyA-zikSaNakI ora jhuka rahI hai| pahale Apa samantabhadra svAmIke granthoMkA avalokana karate the aura aba kundakunda svAmIke granthoMkA manana karate haiN| Apane jo prAdhyAtmika patra apane premiyoMko likhe haiM ve kAlAntara granthakA rUpa dhAraNa kreNge| aise pUjya, paropakArI, vastusvarUpacintaka, tyAgI evaM vidvAn puruSake sambandhameM kyA likha sakatA hUM ! lekhaka svayaM unake asAdhAraNa upakArake kAraNa apane jIvana meM pUrNa parivartana mAnatA hai aura apane parase anumAna lagAtA hai ki isI prakAra hajAroM bhAiyoM kA jIvana parivartita huzrA hogaa| indaura]-- (paM0) devakInandana, siddhAntazAstrI hai ja loga kabhI kabhI kahate haiM ki pUjyazrI varNIjImeM saralatA tathA dayAkI itanI adhikatA hai ki ve anuzAsanako nahIM banA ske| kintu aise loga soceM ki 'svairAcAra virodhinI' jainI dIkSAko kyA asta-vyasta vyakti pAla sakatA hai| sAgAra aura anagAra-aAcAra kyA haiM ? kyA vizvake atyanta anuzAsana priya jarmana nAgarika bhI usa UMcAI taka pahuMca sake haiM ? spaSTa hai ki bahulatAse vyavasAyI honeke kAraNa hama gRhastha hI kSatriyoM dvArA prAcarita tathA prasArita jinadharmake ayogya ho gaye haiN| isIlie hama anAyaka yA bahunAyaka haiM / pUjya zrI bAbAjI to anuzAsana kyA AtmAnuzAsana aura ekatAke Adarza haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki darzanArthI unake pIche calatA hai aura vividha vicAroMke loga unake pAsa jAkara virodha bhUla jAte haiN| saMsArake duHkhase bacane tathA laukika aura lokottara sukhako pAneke lie cale isa mahA samarake mahA senAnI varNojI se yadi koI vastu jainasamAja tathA mAnavasamAjako sIkhanI hai to vaha hai aAtmAnuzAsana, jisake Ate hI laukika anuzAsana svayameva prApta ho jAtA hai| mujhe jaba jaba unakA dhyAna AtA hai to mukha se yahI nikalatA hai 'cirAyu hoM hamAre bAbAjI / ' sAgara] (paM0) munnAlAla rAMdhelIya, nyAyaptItha pacIsa
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________________ varlI - abhinandana grantha bauddhika ahiMsAkA vizuddha rUpa syAdvAda, vizvazAnti samRddhikA eka mAtra sAdhana ahiMsA aura aparigraha tathA svatantratAkA sarvotkRSTa svarUpa karmavAda athavA anIzvaravAda ye tInoM jainadharmakI asAdhAraNa vizeSatAeM haiN| inakA mUrtimAn udAharaNa maiM pUjya zrI bAbAjI ko mAnatA hUM ! phalataH maiM unake caraNoM meM nata hUM / sAgara ] (paM0) dayAcandra, siddhAntazAstrI Wan bar3auta ] 5 5 zraddheya varNIjI mahodaya mere jIbanake sarvaprathama aura sarvottama upakArI haiM / (paM0) tulasIrAma, vANIbhUSaNa Wan Wan cu pUjyavara varNIjI bhAratakI una vibhUtiyoM meM se haiM jinhoMne aharniza zravizrAma jana hita karanemeM apane jIvanakA kSaNakSaNa vitAyA hai / adhyAtma premI hote hue bhI Apane janatAkI samasta Avazyaka sevAoM meM yogadAna diyA hai / patha bicalitoM ko supatha para lAnA ApakA vrata hai / vargIjIkI jIvana ghaTanAoMse pratyakSa hai ki zrApa bane hue santa nahIM haiM balki svabhAvataH sAdhuprakRti mahAtmA haiM / vartamAna samaya meM jJAna aura caritra eka sAtha nahIM rahate / bhole bhAle tyAgI caritra dhAraNa karate haiM aura vidvAna dUsaroMke sUkSma doSoMkI pratyAlocanA karanemeM hI apanA samaya nikAla dete haiM / nirmala caritra dhAraNa nahIM karate, parantu varNIjIne samyak darzana, jJAna, caritra, tInoMko eka hI sAtha apanA kara tyAgiyoM tathA vidvAnoM ke lie punIta patha pradarzita kiyA hai / ApakI pragAr3ha dezabhakti, san 1945 meM jabalapura meM AjAda hinda phaujake sainikoM kI rakSArtha Ayojita sabhA meM kahe gaye "jinakI rakSA ke lie 40 karor3a mAnava prayatnazIla haiM unheM koI zakti phAMsIke takhte para nahIM car3hA sakatI, Apa vizvAsa rakhiye; merA antaHkaraNa kahatA ki AjAdahinda sainikoMkA bAla bhI bAMkA nahIM ho sakatA" zabdoMse spaSTa hai / apanI bhaginI pU0 candAvAIjIko datta sarala subodha anubhUta dRSTAnta zrAja bhI jyoMke tyoM smaraNa ho Ate haiM / 'kabhI kabhI bhAva hiMsA hokara karmabandha ho jAtA hai parantu dravyahiMsA nahIM hotI valki isake viparIta usa hiMsya prANI kA bhalA ho jAtA hai|' isa jaTila siddhAntako Apane ma0 prA0 meM eka gRhastha pati-patnI rahate the unake eka putra bar3I pratIkSAke pazcAt utpanna huA parantu cAra varSakA hone para bhI daivayogase nahIM cala sakatA thA, donoM paira usake jur3e hue the / DAkTara kahate the ki bar3A ho jAne para zraparezana hogA taba zAyada ThIka ho jAyege / putrake isa rogase dampati cintita rahate the / eka dina rAtri meM unake ghara meM coroMne zrAkramaNa kiyA aura khoja karane para bhI jaba mAla hAtha na lagA taba krodhita hokara chabbIsa
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________________ zraddhAJjali usa bAlakako chata parase nIce girA diyaa| mAtA pitA hAya hAya karane lage, nIce daur3e bAlakako uThAkara dekhate haiM to usake paira khula gaye haiM aura jur3A camar3A phaTa gayA hai, bAlaka majese calane lagA / " dRSTAnta dvArA hiMsaka cora bhI puNyavAna bAlakakA kucha nahIM vigAr3a sake unhoMne hiMsAke bhAva karake apanA hI burA kiyA aura hiMsya bAlakakA bhalA / aise sarala hitopadeSTA pUjyazrI ke lie maiM karabaddha zraddhAJjali samarpita karatI huuN| bAlA vizrAma, ArA] (paM0) brajavAlAdevI jaina pUjya zrI 105 su0 gaNezaprasAdajI varNIkA dhyAna Ate hI bharateza vaibhavam' ke yazasvI lekhaka ratnAkara varNI mere mAnasa kSitijapara udita hote haiM / varNIjIko yadi 'dharatI suta' kaheM to zAyada unake aneka guNoMkA kucha saMketa mile ? kahAM vindhyATavIke aJcalameM janma, kahAM sAdhAraNa zikSA, kahAM vaha nisargaja saddharmAnurAga, kaisI vaha jJAna pipAsA aura dAruNa mahAniSkramaNa tathA paribhramaNa, kahAM vaha anavadya pAMDitya, kahAM vaha zikSA-saMsthA-tIrtha pravartana, kaisI adbhuta lokasaMgrAhakatA tathA sarva-netRtva aura phira kaisA vaha gAMva, gAMva jhopar3I, jhopar3IvihAra / sacamuca yaha varNI bhI 'bhArata vaibhava nirmAtA' varNI haiM / unake caraNoMmeM sASTAGga sapraNAma vandanA / zolApura ] ( paM0 ) varddhamAna pArzvanAtha, zAstrI, Adi bhUkheko roTIkI prApti parama puruSArtha-siddhi hai / dAridraya tathA ajJAna zatrutroMse padAkrAnta vanya bundelakhaNDa bhUmivAsI hama loMgoMkI Aja zikSitoMmeM gaNanA pUjya zrI ke hI kAraNa hai / unhoMne jJAnAJjana zalAkAse ajJAna timirAndha hama logoMke netra khola diye haiM, yaha hamAre Upara nirbhara hai ki hama unase kevala dhana-makAna-strI dekheM yA samAja tathA dharma dekheM / yadi dUsare pakSako grahaNa kara sake to 'tasmai zrI gurave namaH' kahaneke adhikArI ho sakeM ge / sAgara ] (paM0) mUlacandra bilauvA __pUjyapAda varNAjI saMsArake una mahApuruSoMmeM se haiM jinhoMne janatAke upakArake lie apane bar3ese bar3e aihika svArthakA tyAga kiyA hai / ApameM prArambhase hI jJAna niSThA aura paropakAra vRtti AkaNTha bharI huI hai / jaina samAjameM jo Aja prAcIna zikSAkA prasAra hai jisa para ki hamArI saMskRtikA AdhAra hai usakA bahuta bar3A zreyobhAga Apako hai| jo bhI samparkameM AyA vaha antaraMgameM mAyAzUnyatA, satyaniSThA, prakANDa pANDitya, vidvattAke sattAIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha sAtha caritra sahayoga, prabhAvaka vANI, pariNAmoMmeM anupama zanti, evaM Atmika aura zArIrika caritrakI ujjvalatA, Adi guNarAzise prabhAvita hue vinA nahIM rahA hai / Apane hI jainasamAjako to satpatha dikhalAyA hai / ataH maiM pujyapAda zraddheya varNIjI ke prati zraddhAJjali samarpita karatA huA Apake nairogyapUrNa dIrghajIvanake lie ananta mahima bhagavAnakA smaraNa karate hue kAmAnA karatA huuN| jayapura] (paM0) indralAla, zAstrI, vidyAlaGkAra Wan jainasamAja hI nahIM bhArata bhara meM ajJAna aura tyAga kA gaThabandha hai / tyAgI jJAnI nahIM, jJAnImeM atRpta vAsanAoMkA nartana hai phalataH tyAga nahIM / pUjya zrI varNIjI vaha mahAvibhUti haiM jinhoMne tyAgakI utkaTa bhAvanA hote hue bhI pahile jJAnArjana kiyA, phira svargIya mAtu zrI (ciroMjA-) bAIjI aisI nisarga viduSIkI tIkSNa evaM snehAlu dekha rekhameM kramazaH tyAga mArga para paga rkhe| yahI kAraNa hai ki ye jainasamAjakI anupama sevA kara sake haiM / he rAjarSi ! zatazaHpraNAma / IsarI-vihAra ] (paM0) kastUracanda, zAstrI kAza ! bharatameM vaha paramparA phUlatI phalatI jise syAdvAdase prabhAvita ho upaniSatkAroMne apanAyA thA to 'haristanA tADayamAno'pi na gacchejjaina mandiram" aisI saMkucita manovRtti vidvAnoMmeM ghara na karatI / aura na jainiyoMmeM hI sabhyaka darzanake doSa ATha mada hI Ate / taba vaNojI jainasamAjake kSetrameM hI sImita na rahate apitu 'vizva vibhUti' hote / sahAranapura ] nomicandra, bI0 koma0, ela-ela0 bI0 tyAgamUrti nyAyAcArya paNDita gaNezaprasAda varNIjI jaina samAjake advitIya ratna haiM / apane anupama jJAnArjana karake usake sAtha jI anupama vairAgya bhAvanA ko apanAyA hai vaha hama saboke lie gaurava kI vastu hai| ___ Apa jainasamAjakI dazA sudhArane aura usameM jAgRti utpanna karaneke lie nirantara prayatnazIla rahe haiM / unakI projamayI mUrtike darzana karane va Apase saddharmamaya-dezanAkI prApti hone se pratyeka mumukSukI AtmAko jo zAnti prApta hotI hai vaha kevala anubhavakI hI bAta hai / ____ Apa saMsArameM jaina vAGmaya ke pracArArtha sadaiva utsuka rahate haiM aura sArA jIvana Apane jaina dharma aura jaina vANIkI sevA meM lagAyA hai / kevala dhArmika hI nahIM sAmAjika unnatike lie bhI Apa prayatnazIla haiN| kaI sthAnoMpara jaTila samasyAeM utpanna huI aora bhinna tathA eka jAtimeM bhI saMgharSa ke. aTThAIsa
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________________ zraddhAJjali vAtAvaraNa utpanna hue, unako Apane apane prabhAva aura nyAyase aisA sulajhAyA hai ki vaha saba udAharaNa kI bAteM bana gayIM haiM / isase ApakA prazasta sudhAraka svarUpa sAmane A jAtA hai jisakI Adhunika samayameM atyanta AvazyakatA hai| . isI prakAra isa nazvara zarIrako aAyu paryanta dharma sAdhana ke lie dRr3ha aura nIroga rakhaneke lie bhI jaina vidvAnoMko Apane Ayurveda zAstra par3haneke lie utsAhita kiyA aura unakI zikSA kA prabandha kiyA hai| kintu Apa svayaM bar3e bhArI vaidya haiM kyoMki hama to triphalA Adi hI bAMTate raha gaye, aura Apane vrata saMyama grahaNa karane kA upadeza dekara zArIrika tathA AdhyAtmika rogoM kI utpattikI sAdhana sAmagrI hI dUra kara dI hai| Apa cirAya hoM yahI bhAvanA hai / kAnapura ] (hakIma) kanhaiyAlAla jaina, rAjavaidya vidyArthI kRtajJake sivA kyA kucha aura bhI ho sakatA hai ? phira usa mahAgurUke prati jisakA vAtsalya vidyArthI mAtrake lie sadA khulA rahA hai / itanA hI nahIM apriya aniSTakArI chAtroMpara unheM jo roSa AtA thA vaha unake mukha maNDalakA raktavarNa karake vidyArthI hRdayako druta kara detA thaa| jatArA nivAsI hone ke kAraNa mujhapara unakA bhrAtRsneha rahA kyoMki isa grAma ke pAsa simarAmeM unheM apanI dharmamAtA milI thIM / ataeva adhika na likhakara caraNoMmeM vinayAvanata praNAma / kAnapura] ___ (paM0) baMzIdhara, nyA0 tI0 pUjya varNIjIse sAkSAt adhyayana karaneke kAraNa maiM to unakA caraNa caJcarIka huuN| ApameM kaSAya, marusthala meM jalarekhA vat samA jAtI hai| unake sAnnidhyameM AnevAloMko anAyAsa hI zAnti, sampatti, pratiSThA, Adi kI prApti hotI hai / unake 'dRSTi nirmala banAo, nikaTa AnevAloMko DAMTo mata, bhAgyapara vizvAsa rakho, saMsAra meM sukha cAhate ho to buddha se banakara raho' zrAdi vAkya sadaiva yAda Ate haiM / pArasanAtha ] (paM0) zikharacandra, zAstrI, nyAya-kAvyatIrtha jaba jaba pUjya zrI 105 varNIjIkA dhyAna karatA hUM taba taba vaha zItakAla yAda AtA hai jisameM usa buDhiyAne kahA thA "bar3I bhalI Adamana ho baU ! kaDAkekI ThaMDa para raI hai aura maur3AkoM patarIsI kataiyA pairA rAkhI hai / abaI se sAdhu banAune hai kA ? samhArarke rAkho 'jo dhUrA bharo hIrA Aya / ' varNIjIkI jIvana saritAke kinAre caliye; skUla gaye paMDitajIne dekhA Darapoka sIdhA lar3akA hai kahA hukkA bhara lAmo, dera lagI, bulAyA dekhA khAlI hAtha, kyoMre gaNeza ? "paMDitajI kauna acchI Adata Aya, untIsa
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________________ vaNa-abhinandana-grantha hAthase chiTaka go, phUTa gro|" calo chuTTI bhaI aba naI piyeM / ' sahayogiyomeM carcA aAyI, zAsana aura skUla gaye nahIM bhAI 'dhUli par3A hIrA hai|' x X __kAzI Aye vidvanoM ke yahAM gaye unhoMne abrAhmaNa kahakara ThukarA diyaa| zAstrIjIke yahAM pahuMce vinamratA pUrvaka vinayakI aAMkheM uThAyI sAmane durvAsA RSi haiM / apamAna aura bhatsanA dhArApAta, lauTa aaye| vidyArthI-vatsala zAstrIjIkA krodha zAnta huA kaisA saumya lar3akA hai, maiM vyartha kupita huA, nahIM use par3hAUMgA 'vaha dhUli bharA hIrA' hai| x papaurA meM paravAra sabhA hone vAlI thii| kise adhyakSa banAyA jAya ? paise kA netRtva jo ThaharA 'ye siMghaI, ve seTha, Adi zurU ho gyaa| kisI konese AvAja AyI jisane syAdvAda, sartaka, Adi aneka vidyAlaya khola kara vidvatsaritA vahA dI hai usa 'dhUli bhare hIrA' ko| phira kyA thA bahuta ThIka, bahuta ThIka kA samA baMdha gyaa| jabalapurake netA AjAda hinda phaujakI rakSAke lie candA karaneko sabhA karaneke lie cintita haiM,jainiyoMse kaho |'jaane bhI do apane sAdhunoMko saba kucha mAnate haiM,aura ve sAdhu na jAne kyA bolate haiM / vahI boleM vahI jAneM / "isase kyA matalaba paisA to yahAM vahI de sakate haiM / acchA kariye / ThasAThasa bharI sabhA maJcapara eka majhaule kadakA sAMvalA vRddha kintu tejasvI sAdhu do cAdara zror3he A baitthaa| loga bole, bAbAse paM0 dvArakAprasAdane kahane ke lie Agraha kiyaa| bAbA do cAra vAkya bolA aura usI kar3Ake kI ThaMDa meM usane apanI eka cAdara utAra kara bheMTa kara do| ThiThurate sikur3ate logoMkI zArIrika hI nahIM Antarika ThaMDa bhI vidA ho gayI / vaha caddara hI tIna hajAra meM vikA aura laga gayI varSA rupayoM,gahanoM,Adi kI / paM0 mizra bole mahArAja ! zrAMkhe zrAja khulI haiM, dhanya haiM, Apa 'dhUli bhare hIrA haiN|' ataH he ! hIrA guru hama ziSya dhUli kaNoMkA Apase anAdi sambandha mokSAnta ho / syA0 di0 jaina vidyAlaya kAzI - (vi0) narendra, dhanaguMvA kAza! maiM par3hanekA lakSya AtmasudhAra karatA tathA apane jJAnapara amala kara sakatA to pUjyazrIke caraNa kamaloM meM zraddhAJjali samarpita karanekA adhikArI hotaa| rAyapura - (paM0) bAlacandra, zAstrI, kA0 tI0 tIsa
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________________ gIta sAgara meM AyI eka lahara vaha nava umaMga kA mRdula-lAsa, laharAtI lekara nayA hAsa vaha jJAna-jyotikI svarNa kiraNa, tama meM bhI detI divi-prakAza __ bikharAtI muktA chahara-chahara ! vaha saba laharoMmeM cira-navIna; bhItara susthira, bAhara pravINa jisakA darzana kara; aMtara meM, baja uThatI sahasA madhura vIna pratidhvani karatI pratyeka pahara ! vaha buddha-mUrti-sI jaMgala kI; sabakI, jala-thala-nabha maMDala kI ravi se Alokita- kusumAkara, kiraNeM vikheratI maMgala kI prastuta karatI nava-saMvatsara ! taTa - janake rIte - se manakI, pUraka bana kara vaha kaNa-kaNa kI jhaMkRta karatI svara-laharI se, dhvani eka usI, manamohana kI pala-pala karatI zItala, aMtara ! sAgara meM AyI eka lahara sAgara ] (paM0) puruSottama dAsa kaThala, bI0 e0 ikatIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha Ati vAcaka hokara bhI varNI zabda Aja vyakti vAcaka ho gayA hai , kAraNa usake sunate hI pUjya paM0 gaNezaprasAda varNIkI zyAmala kRza sarala mUrti sAmane A jAtI hai| unakI dRSTimeM mAnava mAtra samAna hai| apane sarala tyAgI rUpake kAraNa hI Apa bhAvuka jainetara janatAke bhI vandya hue haiM / zrApa karuNA-pAvasa haiM jisake zrAsArameM pAtra apAtrakA vicAra hI nahIM rahatA hai / abhI Apa 74 varSake haiM / yahI bhAvanA hai ki Apa saikar3oM 74 varSa jaina samAja aura vizeSa kara vidvadvargapara apanA karuNA rasa barasAte rheN| sUrata ] (mAsTara) jJAnacaMdra 'savataMtra' maiM sAgara vidyAlayameM par3hatA thA aura syAdvAda vidyAlaya kAzImeM praviSTa honA cAhatA thA,lekina durbhAgya vaza bhUlase patroMse merI anuttIrNatA prakAzita ho gayI, ataH syA0 vi0 kAzIke lie ayogya sAbita ho gayA / sAgarase bhI TrAnsaphara sarTIphikeTa le cukA thA, ataH punaH praviSTa honA Ter3hI khIra thii| isa samaya maiM gharakA na ghATakA thaa| anunaya vinaya sabhI zakya upAyoMkA prayoga kara cukA thA, lekina saba bekAra; antameM pUjya varNIjIkI zaraNa hI sarala sugama evaM zreyaskara samajhI / unake pAsa pahuMcakara maiMne apanA ronA royA, ve bole, "bhaiyA, tuma loga par3hata likhata to ho nahIM,aura phela hoke hamAre pAsa routa A jAta ho, bhaiyA apana to kachU nahIM jAnata tuma jAnoM tumAno kAma jAne" kSaNa bhara aisA lagA ki yahAM bhI sunavAyI na hogI ye bhI auroMke samAna kaThora haiM tathApi maiM apanI saphAI peza karane meM lagA rahA ! vandanIya mahAmanA ko pAtra apAtrakA vicAra bhI bahA dene vAlI apanI karUNAdhArA rokanA asambhava ho gayA / vyavasthAbhaMgane kSaNa bhara rokA, kintu bekAra, pensila uThAyI aura apane dayA-cAlita karakamaloM dvArA syA0 vi0 kAzIko likha diyA "yadi rikta sthAna ho ise de diyA jaay|'' mujhe sthAna mila gyaa| aGkAnusandhAna karAne para maiM uttIrNa bhI ho gyaa| jainasamAjake mukuTamaNi vidyAlayake vyApaka evaM vikAsazIla vAtAvaraNameM apanI apUrNatAoMko bhI pUrNa kara skaa| jisa vandanIya mahApuruSakI dayAse yaha sambhava huA usakA smaraNa Ate hI 'nArikela samAkAroM' mukhase nikala par3atA hai / caurAsI mathurA - (vidyArthI) kundanajaina pU0 zrI varNIjIkA jaba dhyAna aAtA hai to yaha socanA asaMbhava ho jAtA hai ki unameM kyA nahIM hai ? una saba yogyatAroMmeM durbala aura patitake prati unakI zaraNAgata-vatsalatA sarvopari hai| ve cirakAla taka hamArA patha pradarzana kareM yahI bhAvanA hai| varNI saMdha] (60) candramauli, zAstrI battIsa
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________________ zraddhAJjali pUjya varNI jI mahArAjake darzana karanekA saubhAgya mujhe prApta huA / unakI zAntamudrAkA avalokana kara alaukika zAntikA lAbha hotA hai| zraddheya varNAjI mahArAjakI madhura vANIse bhagavAn kundakudAcArya ke adhyAtmapradhAna samayasArake sAra garbhita dhArAkA pravAha zrotAko mantramugdha kara dene vAlA antastalasparzI vivecana suna kara to AnandakI sImA hI nahIM rahatI / maiM to unheM vikramakI ikkIsavIM zatIkA sarvopari jaina tatvavettA vidvAna aura adhyAtmavAdakA anupama rasika aura parama samyagdRSTi mAnatA hUM / ve samAjakI anupama nidhI haiM, unhoMne samAjake kalyANArthaM apane atula amUlya jIvanakA bahu bhAga vitAyA hai jo kRtajJa samAjase avidita nahIM hai / una jaisA nirIha, mRdula pariNAmI, madhurabhASI, mandakaSAyI, udArahRdaya, svAnubhUti nirata, nizchala vyavahArI, parahita vratI, paramajJAnI utkRSTatyAgI, vartamAna tyAgIvargameM upalabdha honA kaThina hI nahIM pratyuta durlabha hai| aise mahApuruSa ke caraNoM meM zraddhAarpaNa karate hue maiM apanA parama saubhAgya mAnatA hUM aura bhagavAn vIra ke caraNoM ko dhyAtA huA unakI cirAyuSyatA kI kAmanA karatA hUM / indaura ]-- Wan cu zrI varNIjIkA vyaktitva mahAn hai / mahAnkA zabdoM meM varNana karanA use sImita banAnA tathA ( sara seTha ) hukumacanda svarUpacanda Wan mahAnkI mahattAko Thesa pahuMcAnA hai / zrI varNojIkA jIvana jainasamAja rUpI saMsAra ke lie sacamuca hI eka sUrya hai / Apane apane bar3he hue vidyA aura tapobala se jainasamAjakA jo mArga pradarzana kiyA hai vaha jainasamAnake itihAsakI eka amara kahAnI hogii| varNAjI jJAnabala meM jitane bar3he hue haiM cAritrabala meM usase bhI kahIM Age haiM / yahI Apake jIvanakI anupama vizeSatA hai| jJAna aura caritrakA jo sundara samanvaya yahAM hai vaha anyatra bahuta kama mila skegaa| Apake vidyApremakA yaha jvalanta udAharaNa hai ki jainasamAjakI aneka zikSaNa saMsthAeM sAkSAt evaM zrasAkSAta rUpase Apase poSaNa prApta kara rahI haiN| zrI jI jaise vyaktikA nAyakatva jainasamAjake lie eka gaurava aura zobhAkI vastu hai / merI hArdika abhilASA hai ki yaha jJAna jyoti satata jAgatI rahe aura jaina samAja tathA dezake kalyANa ke lie eka cirasmaraNIya vastu bana jAve / dehalI ]-- Wan vartamAna samAjakA pratyeka vyakti hai| unakI sarala prakRti, gambhIra mudrA, Thosa ( bA. ) rAjendra kumAra jaina pha Wan zrI 105 nyAyAcArya paM0 gaNezaprasAdajI varNI se paricita dhArmika jJAna, aTala zraddhAnAdi guNoMke dvArA loga sahaja taiMtIsa
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________________ voM-abhinandana-grantha hI unake ananya bhakta bana jAte haiN| upadeza denekI zailI anupama hai| Apa bilkula nispRha ho prANi mAtrake kalyANa ko sadaiva kAmanA karate haiM / yadi koI vivAdAspada viSaya Apake samakSa upasthita kiyA jAtA hai to Apa apanI prakANDa vidvattA dvArA donoM hI pakSoMko yuktiyukta Agamika uttara dvArA santuSTa kara dete haiN| Apako vidyA prasArakA vyasana hai, jisakI sAkSI samAjake mahAvidyAlaya haiM, Apane vidyAdAnake lie jo apanI nijI sampattikA utsarga kiyA hai vaha vaha vidyApremI vidvAnoMke lie bhI anukaraNIya hai / Apa cirAyu hokara jainadharmakI sevA karate hue zrAtmoddhArake sAtha sAtha lokahita bhI karate raheM yahI merI bhAvanA hai| ajamera - -(sara seTha ) bhAgacandra sonI pUjya zrI 105 vAjIke nikaTa AnekA jinheM bhI avasara mila sakA hai ve unakI vizAlatA aura saujanyase mugdha hue binA nahIM raha sake / unakI vidavattA aura pratibhAzAlI vyaktitvase kauna aisA hai jo ki prabhAvita aura camatkRta na huA ho ? unakI kalyANI vANIne hamAre janamanako zuddha aura saMskRta karanemeM jo amUlya sahAyatA kI hai usake hama sabhI cira aAbhArI rheNge| yuga pravartaka jainadharmake prakAza stambha zrI 105 varNAjI kI smRti sAmAjika jIvanameM sadaiva jagamaga rhegii| unheM smaraNa kara hama sadaiva pulakita protsAhita hote rahe haiM aura hote rahe ge / bambaI ] ( zAhu ) zreyAnsaprasAda prAtaH smaraNI pUjyapAda paNDita gaNegaprasAda jI varNI nyAyAcArya ke abhinandana samArohake zubha avasara para unake prati zraddhAJjali arpita karate hue maiM apanA ahobhAgya samajhatA huuN| pUjya varNIjI ne jainasamAjake ajJAna timirako dara karanekA aharniza prayatna kiyA hai| Apake dvArA saMsthApita zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kAzI Adi vidyAlaya aura gurukula Adi saMsthAeM jainasamAjameM zikSA pracArakA zrAdarza kArya kara rahI haiM / ina saMsthAnoMmeM zikSA prApta karake tayAra hue aneka vidvAn jaina samAja aura dezakI jo anupama sevA kara rahe haiM usase bhAratavarSameM jainasamAjakA mastaka sadaivake lie UMcA ho gayA hai| pUjya vaNoMjI janmajAta ajaina hote hue bhI apanI tIkSNa dRSTi dvArA jisa prakAra jainadharmako khoja sake tathA usake pratibhAzAlI vidvAna tyAgI pada para pratiSThita hue haiM vaha saboMke lie anukaraNIya hote hue bhI eka zraddhAkI vastu hai / vAMjIke darzana mAtrase jo aAnanda pAtA hai vaha usa samaya aura bhI akathanIya ho jAtA cautIsa
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________________ zraddhAJjali hai jaba Apa dhArApravAha vairAgyamaya upadezase hRdayako Ananda vibhora kara dete haiM / maiM pUjya varNojIko apanI vinaya yukta zraddhAJjali arpita karatA huA, unake cirajIvI hone kI zubhakAmanA karatA hUM jisase vizvakA kalyANa ho / kAnapura ] (bAbU ) kapUracandra dhUpacandra jaina Wan 'gatAnugatiko hilokaH' bahuta samayase mere manameM dharmakArya karanekI icchA rahatI thii| mere prAnta tathA vaMzameM rathayAtrA, zrAdikI prathA hai / manameM saMkalpa kiyA ratha calAU aura zrImanta seTa banakara pitAjI ke dharakI zAna bar3hAUM / bhagavAn vIrako isa kSetrakI janatA svayameva jAna jAyagI jaba paMca kalyANakoMkI jhar3I lage gii| yAda Aye varNojI kahate hue 'zAstra dAna saba dAnoMse bar3A hai / ' vahI karU, varNIjI ThIka hI kahate haiM 'nAma pai mata maro, kAma kro|' merA parama saubhAgya jo mujha aise vyaktike paiseke nimittase 've dhavala siddhAnta grantha' prakAzameM Aye jinake darzana ke lie loga tarasate the / laDakA hA. phira dAna karanekI icchA huii| bAbAjIse milA "are e bhaiyA kAye ko saMkalpa vikalpa karata ho pAThazAlA haiI skUla aura khola do|" Aja vaha skUla kauleja ho gayA mujhe samAja, rAja tathA dezameM sammAna mila rahA hai| dharmakA sAra kyA hai yaha to varNIjIne hI batAyA hai| unakI vidvattA, sabhA cAturya, bhASaNa zailI, dayA-mAyA, AdikI maiM kyA tArIpha kara sakatA huuN| mere lie to "valihArI guru ApakI jina gurU diyo batAya / " mere savargIya bAbAjIke Adeza para caleM aura bAbAjI cirakAla taka hamAre bace rahaiM yahI vIra prabhuke caraNoMke smaraNa pUrvaka bhAvanA hai| dAnavIra-kuTIra bhelasA ] ( zrImantaseTha) sitAvarAya lakSmIcanda Wan pUjya paM. gaNezaprasAdajI varNI bundelakhaNDakI pavitra dena haiM isalie bundelakhaNDako abhimAna nahIM hai, kintu bundelakhaNDI bhASAke lAlitya aura saralatAkA sAmaJjasya jisa prakAra pUjyavara ke gahana tattva-pUrNa upadeza kI zailImeM camakA hai usakA avazya ho bundelakhaNDa utanA hI abhimAna kara sakatA hai jitanA gujarAta vizvavandya mahAtmA gAMdhI para karatA hai / candanake vRkSase cipaTe hue sarpa jisa prakAra madhura dhvani sunakara haThAt zithila ho jAte haiM usI prakAra manuSyase lipaTe krodha-mAna mAyA-lobhAdi kaSAya rUpI sarpa upadeza sunate hI kSaNa bharake lie svayaM hI zAnta ho jAte haiN| isameM varNIjIkI sarala vidvattA pUrNa bhASA hI mukhya kAraNa hai| cUMki vIjI sva-para kalyANa kI bhAvanAmeM adhika vyasta rahate haiM isalie bhale hI koI unakI bholo zakala parase galata aura tadanusAra pAMDityapUrNa dalIleM dekara apanA kAma nikAlanekA paMtIsa
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________________ barNI-abhinandana-grantha vaktavya yA patra lekara calA jAve kintu yaha khyAla kara lenA ki 'varNIjI bahuta bhole haiM, bar3e sIdhe haiM, isalie maiMne unheM Thaga liyA' vilkula bhramapUrNa khyAla hai / yathArtha sthiti, vartamAna vAtAvaraNa, samayakI upayuktatA evaM bhaviSyako sambhAvanAaoMko madde najara rakhate hue, sahI sUcanAoM ke AdhAra para jaba bhI kabhI varNAjI koI vyavasthA dete haiM taba vaha pUrNa upayukta to hotI hI hai sarvamAnya bhI ho jAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dalabandImeM par3e loga ( sudhAraka sthiti pAlaka aura mukhiyA zAhI vAle ) una saba masaloMkA mukammila phaisalA hamAre varNIjI se karAneko rAjI nahIM hote haiM; jinake kAraNa jaina samAjameM phUTakA sAmrAjya chAyA huA hai kyoMki unheM bhaya banA rahatA hai ki kahIM varNIjIkI vyavasthAke viruddha hamArA pracAra nirarthaka na ho jAya ! aise prasaMgoM para acchI taraha samajhane vAle vidvAna varNIjIko bhole-bhAle sIdhe-sAdhe, sacce dhArmika, Adi, khitAbAta dekara viSaya TAla dete haiN| loga apane svArthase varNIjIke nAmakA upayoga kara lete haiM para unakI pUrI sammatiko kabhI nahIM mAnate haiN| varNIjIke apUrva-prabhAvako saba hI mahasUsa karate haiM / unake viruddha saphala AvAja uThAnA Ter3hI khIra hai; yaha bhI mAnate haiM phira kyoM unakA pUrA lAbha nahIM uThAyA jAtA hai ? kyoM unake Adeza nahIM mAne jAte ? uttara hai, jaina samAja saMsArakA choTA rUpa hai, usameM bhI sava zaktiyAM aura kamiyAM haiM / isIlie taba bahuta becainI hotI hai jaba hama yaha socate haiM ki pUjya varNIjI aba kAphI vRddha ho cuke haiM unake zarIrameM zithilatA A rahI hai, ve hamArA sAtha kaba taka de skeNge| inake bAda bhI kyA hamAre bIca meM koI aisA prabhAvaka netA hai jisake bhAgyameM aisI sarvamAnyatA par3I ho / zrI jinendra ke smaraNa pUrvaka prArthanA hai ki hama saikar3oM varSoM taka pUjya varNIjIkA sahayoga prApta kara skeN| sivanI] (zrImanta seTha) viradhIcanda varNIjI kevala jaina samAjakI vibhUti nahIM, ve samasta manuSya va jIvamAtrake lie haiN| maiM jayase unako jAnatA hUM tabhIse Aja taka maiMne unheM Adarza, sacce va nirmala vidyArthI ke rUpa meM pAyA hai| ve sadaiva isa khojameM lage rahe ki jIva mAtra va vizeSataH manuSya mAtrakA sukha kisa mArgameM hai va usI mArgako ujvala va prakAzamAna banAne kA prayAsa hamezA karate rahe haiN| yaha to kisIse chipA nahIM ki ve saralatAke sAgara haiM Adarza manuSya jIvanake udAharaNa haiM / dravyopArjanake lie hI manuSya buddhi upArjanameM lagA rahatA hai, jIvana bhara dhana ke pIche daur3atA hai, mArga bhUla jAtA hai, dhana bhI chala kapaTase usake Age Age bhAgatA hai / para isa dhanane varNIjIse to hAra chattIsa
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________________ zraddhAJjali mAna lI hai vaha pIche par3atA hai para ve use mArgameM hI chor3ate jAte haiM / kahate haiM use grahaNa karanemeM nahIM parantu tyAgameM hI saccA kalyANa hai| bhI varNIjIke AdezAnusAra manuSya vargase yahI prArthanA kI jA sakatI hai ki sabhI sacce jJAna ko prApta kareM va tyAga mArgako apanAyeM / jIvana bhara prayAsa karake bhI manuSya sacce sukha taka nahIM pahuMca pAte haiM / varNIjI kahate haiM ki tyAgako samajho aura use apanAo, saccA sukha turanta tumhAre pAsa A pahuMce gaa| gAMdhIjIne jisa satyako Izvara kahA hai, vaNIjI usa satya aura ahiMsAke vyavahAra haiN| vaNa jIke jIvanane hameM vaha sulabha mArga dikhAyA hai, jisa para manuSya mAtra calanA sIkha le to apanA, apane samAjakA, apane dezakA va sAre saMsArakA kalyANa kare gA, aisI merI AsthA hai| sAgara] ( seTha) bAlacandra malaiyA, bI0 esa-sI0 pUjya vIMjIke samparka meM rahakara samAja sevA karane meM sabase adhika AnandAnubhava huA / mere jIvana para unake caritra aura jJAnakI amiTa chApa par3a gyii| 40 varSose adhika samaya vyatIta huzrA jaba ki jabalapura meM eka kRza dehadhArI kintu zubhra hRdaya tathA AkarSaka mAnavase milanekA zubha avasara prApta hushraa| usa mAnavakI bolImeM apanAne aura lubhAnekI zakti vidyamAna thii| saikar3oM bhaktoMko patra likhakara Atmastha karanekA inakA prakAra to adbhuta hai / ve likhate haiM-"aba to sarvataH cittavRtti saMkoca kara kalyANa mArgakI aora hI lagA denA ucita hai kyoMki mAnavIya paryAyakI saphalatA isImeM hai aura yahI isa paryAyameM prazasthatA hai jo mokSamArgake dvArakA kapATa khulatA hai tathA mUrchAkA pUrNarUpase prabhAva bhI yahIM hotA hai............ yadyapi jainadharma meM zrAzrama nahIM phira bhI lokAcAra to hai hii|" lagabhaga tIna sAla taka zikSAmandirake pracAra kAryameM mujhe unake sAtha rahanekA satata saubhAgya rahA hai / maiMne dekhA, ki 'yazaHkIrti' nAmakarma naukarakI bhAMti sadA hI unakI sevA karatA rhaa| maiMne nahIM jAnA ki koI bhI vyakti varNIjIse vinA prabhAvita hue rahA ho / zikSAmandirakA dhyeya saphalatAkI zrora hI agrasara hotA gayA, parantu durbhAgyase kaI anya kAraNoMkI vanahase hamArI zrAzA phalavatI na ho pAyo / usI daurAnameM kaI madhura prasaMga aaye| eka dina kahane lage "bhaiyA' umarAvasiMhane brahmacArI honepara apanA nAma jJAnAnanda rakhA, maiM maukA par3A to apanA nAma bhojanAnanda rakhUgA" kaisI saralatA aura svIkArokti hai| tArIpha yaha ki bhojana athavA vyakti zrAdikA mamattva unheM saiMtIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha AtmAnubhavase vimukha karanemeM kabhI bhI samartha na ho sakA / unakA AtmadhyAna sadA vRddhiMgati hI rahA hai| jaba maiM vaNAjI ke bAremeM socatA hUM tabhI mujhe isa bAta para aTala zraddhA hotI hai ki 'pUvoMpArjita puNya nizcaya hI apanA rasa detA hai. ..........' nahIM to isa paMcama-kAla meM ajainake gharameM janma prApta vyaktiko saccA jainI bananekA sadbhAgya kyoM kara milatA,"jaba ki jainakulotpanna vyakti nikRSToM jaisA hInAcaraNa karate dRSTi gocara hote hai / " maryAdAkA sundara nibhAnA to unakI apanI khAsiyata hai / ' digambara jaina muniyoMke prati unakI kyA AsthA hai ? isa sAmAjika zaMkAkA uttara kyA "he vibho ! vaha dina kaba AvegA jaba maiM bhI muni houuNgaa|" udgArase nahIM hotA ? Agana-praNIta munimudrAkA kyoM na icchuka hogA ? aura kisIkA bhI vItarAgatAkA upAsaka vyakti Atmadharma dila dukhAkara aprasanna na karane vAlA sAdhu kyoM kara digambara sAdhunoMke prati savinaya na hogA ! bhagavAna jinendra ke smaraNa pUrvaka sadA yahI bhAvanA bhAtA hUM ki pUjyavarNIjI cirAyu hoM aura unake dvArA saMsArakA kalyANa ho / sivanI ] (siMdhaI) kuMvarasena divAkara pUjyavarNIjI jainasamAjake una ratnoMmeMse haiM jinakA prakAza vartamAna meM hI nahIM varana sadA hI samAjake naujavAna kAryakartAoMkA pathapradarzana karatA rhegaa| unakA vimala zAna, unakA zrAdarza caritra aura samAjake prati unakI sevAeM hamAre lie amUlya dena haiN| akele unhoMne samAjameM jo kAma kiyA hai vaha sau kAryakartA milakara bhI kaThinAIse kara sakeMge / paramAtmAke dhyAnapUrvaka yahI bhAvanA hai ki ve cirAya ho / AgarA ] mahendra, sampAdaka, sAhitya saM0 sunate haiM pUjyavaNIjI maharAjane bar3e bar3e kAma kare haiM para apana to apane parase socata haiM ki ve 'aAMdharekI laThiyA' haiN| ajJAna aura garIbIke mArusthala meM par3e hama bundelakhaNDInako ye matIrA hokara bhI sAgara se bar3e haiN| Ise unake caraNoMmeM saikar3oM praNAma / vAMsakheDA ] (se0) maNikacandra ar3atIsa
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________________ jaya yuga ke abhimAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho (1) vIra-dezanAkA ura meM anurAga liye ho, satya ahiMsA kA pratIka vaha tyAga kiye ho / ho dhArmika abhivRddhi nirantara utsuka sAdhaka pApa homa ke hetu jJAna kI Aga liye ho // jaya alabhya varadAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho, jaya yuya ke abhimAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho / (2) tuma nizcaya meM magna; kintu vyavahAra liye ho, tuma jAgRti ke nitya naye tyohAra liye ho / tuma bikhare se lakSya-hIna ina vIsa lakSya meM -- jAna lAne aikyaveNu ketAra liye ho || jaya samAja ke prANa ! tumhArA abhinandana ho, abhimAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho / (3) jaya yuga Atma zaktise sattvara punarutthAna karoge, nava vikAsa kA yatna are AhvAna karoge / darzana jJAna caritra inhIM ke bala para tuma to, mAnava kI laghutA ko Aja mahAna karoge || jaya samartha vidvAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho, jaya yuga ke abhimAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho / (4) jaya jinake jayanAda ! tumhArA abhinandana ho, jaya sadaguru kI yAda ! tumhArA abhinandana ho / jaya jIvita syAdvAda ! tumhArA abhinandana ho, jaya gaNeza parasAda ! tumhArA abhinandana ho || jaya gaurava guNa khAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho, jaya yuga ke abhimAna ! tumhArA abhinandana ho / rAjendrakumAra 'kumareza' AyurvedAcArya unatAlIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha varNIjI maharAjake prathama darzanakA saubhAgya 1922 meM milA thaa| ApakI sAragarbhita sarala vANI ne hRdaya moha liyA tabhIse maiM to zraddhA meM paga gayA / seTha mUlacandra zarAphakI pAtratA tathA jatArAkI najadIkIke kAraNa baruaAsAgarameM Apake caraNa par3e / ekAntameM dhyAna premI honeke kAraNa pAsakI choTI pahAr3Ike bhAgya khule aura sarAphajIke dhanakA kuTIrameM laga kara sadupayoga huaa| tathA bhole azikSita, nirdhana, ataeva sabase Thage gaye isa prA-take logoMko unakA saccA hitU milA / yahAMke manuSya mAtrako Apase sadAcAra aura zikSAkI preraNA milI hai| ataH maiM unake caraNoMmeM zraddhA jali arpita karatA huuN| varuNAsAgara ] - ( bAbU ) rAmasvarUpa jaina bAbAjI Aja 75 varSakI umrake bAda bhI unameM yuvakoM jaisA utsAha hai, bAlakoM jaisI saralatA haiM; parantu vRddhoM jaisA pramAda unake pAsa lezamAtra bhI nahIM hai| unakI lagana adbhuta hai| ve vaktA nahIM svAntaHsukhAya kAryakartA haiM aura haiM, samAjake netA bhI / vaha mahAtmA haiN| vANImeM jahAM jAdU jaisA asara hai vahAM cumbaka jaisA aAkarSaNa bhI hai| unakA kSetra vratiyoM jaisA saMkucita nahIM / kyA AdhyAtmika kyA sAmAjika kyA rAjanaitika sabhI kAryoM meM loka saMgrahakI abhiruci rakhate haiM / yadi rAjanItikI zrora unakA jhukAva huA hotA to ve dRr3hatApUrvaka kArya karake jainasamAjakA hI kAyAkalpa na karate apitu rAjanaitika kSetrameM vizeSa sthAna pAte / ___ vaha dayAkI pratimUrti haiM / kapaTa to unako eka najara bhI nahIM dekhane pAyA hai / niyamita aura sadhe hue vAkya hI bolate haiN| unake kathanameM banAvaTIpanakI gandha bhI nahIM hotI hai| usameM eka preraNA hotI hai kyoMki vaha unakI svakIya anubhUtikA saccA nikhAra hai| mitrake prati unakI jahAM prema bhAvanA hotI hai vahIM zatruke prati kevala udAsInatA rahatI hai| ve svapnameM bhI zatrukA burA nahIM cAhate / kahate haiM "are bhaiyA aiso kareM se paile apano ihaloka paraloka bigdd'e| zatruke vinAzakI bhAvanA hameM nahIM karanA cAhie apitu usako subuddhi prApti kI kAmanA karanI caahie| jI se vaha bhI anukUla hoke hameM zAnti de aura svayaM bhI Apatase makti paae|" dayA AjAda hinda phaujakI surakSAke lie artha-saMcayArtha ma0 prA0 ke pradhAna netA durgAzaGkara mehatA jabalapura Aye hue the / eka sabhAkA Ayojana huA, vaktAoMke mukhase unakI vyathAko suna kara cAlIsa
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________________ saMsmaraNa bAbAjIkA hRdaya duHkhI ho uThA, aAkhoMse do bUMda AMsU Tapaka pdd'e| kar3AkekI ThaNDa par3a rahI thI to bhI bAbAjIne tanapara lapaTe hue do caddaroM meM se eka utArakara zrA0 hi0 phau0 ke candemeM arpita kara diyA; daza minaTake bAda hI vaha tIna hajAra rupayemeM vika gyaa| mahattvakI bAta to yaha thI ki unhoMne apane bhASaNa meM aMgrejoMke lie eka bhI kar3A zabda na kahakara 'AjAda hinda phaujavAloMkA koI bAla bAMkA nahIM kara sakegA' aisI dRr3ha ghoSaNA kI thI / kaisI dayA aura aAtma vizvAsa hai| satyaniSThA va dayA dharmamAtA sI0 ciroMjAbAIjIne kahA "bhaiyA lakar3I naiMA, jAzro le Avo" bAbAjI bAjAra pahuMce, lakar3ahArese pUchA "morI ( gaTThA) kitekameM deya / " usane javAva diyA "jo samajho so de diyo marAjha" / bAbAjI, "cAra thAnA leya !" vaha rAjI ho gayA, ghara taka pahuMcAnekI majadUrI bhI do Ane kaha dii| ghara pahuMce bAIjI bar3I nArAja huI', 'do AnekI lakar3Ike chaha Ane de Aye, bar3e mUrakha ho|" bAbAjIne lakar3ahArekI vakAlata kI, para mAtAjI bhI laukikatAkA pATha par3hAnekA irAdA kara cukI thI, eka na sunI tIna aAne hI dilavAye / bhojana banA, bAbAjI bhojanako baiThe para bhojana acchA na lgaa| bAIjIne pUchA "bhaiyA bhUkha naMiyA kA, kAye naI khAta / " bAbAjIne jabAva nahIM diyA, "abhI zrAtA hUM, kahakara jaldI hI bAhara cale gye| usa lakar3ahAreko DhUMDhanA prArambha kiyA, vaha milA, use zeSa paise diye aura vApasa ghara lauTa aaye| bAIjIke pUchane para spaSTa kaha diyA ki bAIjI ! lakar3ahAreke paise dene gayA thaa| mAM kA hRdaya isa saralatA aura satya para loTa poTa ho gyaa| prema va AkarSaNa garmIkA samaya thA pUjya bAbAjI droNagirimeM pravAsakara rahe the / gAMvameM zuddha dUdhakA prabandha na thA isalie eka gAya rakkhI gayI thI parantu vaha marakaU thii| dhanIke sivA kisIko bhI pAsa nahIM Ane detI thii| loga usakI carcA kara rahe the ki isI bIca meM bAbAjo A ahuMce aura unhoMne bhI bAta sunI, bole, calo dekheM kaise mAratI hai| logoMne rokA, mahArAja zrApa na jAyeM, parantu vaha na mAne aura hAthameM eka pAva kisamisa lekara usake Age pahuMca gye| gAyane ekaTaka dRSTi se bAbAjIko dekhA aura sira jhukA liyA / bAbAjI usake sirapara hAtha rakhakara khar3e ho gaye / loga cakita ho dekhate raha gaye, maitrIpUrNa hRdayane duSTa pazuko sahaja hI mitra banA liyA thaa| itanA hI nahIM usane bAbAjIko dUdha bhI pilAyA tathA mahArAjane bhI use kabhI-kadAca miSTAnna khilAye / pazu bhI pazutA bhUla sakatA hai yaha usa dina patA lagA jaba bAbAjIke cale jAnepara vaha viyogAkula gAya idhara-udhara ramhAtI phiratI thI aura antameM bAbAjI kI koTharIke sAmane Akara khar3I ho rahI aura kaI dina taka ghAsa ikatAlIsa
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________________ vI-abhinandana-grantha pAnI chor3a rhii| sacamuca bAbAjIkA prema va AkarSaNa vismayajanaka hai| "bhaiyA nivRttimeM hI sukha hai pravRttimeM nhiiN"| eka samaya bAbAjIne kisI sthAnake lie eka hajAra rupaye dAna meM likhavA diye| rupayA pAsameM nhiiN| socA,likhavA to diye para degeM kahAMse ? kucha rUpayA mAsika kalake lie bAIjI detI thiiN| bAbAjIne phala lenA bandakara rupayA posTa AphisameM jamA karAnA prArambhakara diyA / bAIjIkI najara anAyAsahI pAsabuka para par3a gayI, pUchA 'bhaiyA rupayA kAyeko ikaTaThe karata ho, kA kou karja cukAune haiM / " rahasya na chipA ske| taba bAIjIne kahA "kAye tumase jA soI kaI hai kai dAna jina karo, naI to phira chipAzrI kAya ?" babAjIne kahA 'bAI jI dAna maiMne kiyA hai Apane nhiiN| dAna apanI hI cIjakA honA cAhie isIlie maiM ye rupaye ikaTTha kara rahA thA / yadi maiM Apako batA detA to Apa apane rupaye dekara mujhe ye rupaye na bacAne detiiN|" sujJa bAIjIne Adarza ko samajhA aura prasanna huii| kaisI komala kaThora Asma nirbharatA thii| sAgara] lakSmaNaprasAda "prazAMta" meM bauddha kaise banA Ajase prAyaH pandraha varSa pUrvakI bAta hai / maiM kAzI vizvavidyAlayameM darzanakA vidyArthI thA / una dinoM eka prasiddha vidvAnakA bhASaNa ho rahA thaa| sunA ki agale dina jainadharma para vyAkhyAna hogaa| mujhe to jainadharmakA koI jJAna na thaa| kintu usa samaya apane dharmapustaka satyArya-prakAzake amuka samullAsameM jainadharmake sabhI khaMDa na yAda the| vicAra huA ki usIke AdhArapara kala ke bhASaNake bAda vaktAko sabhAmeM parAsta kara vaidikadharmakA zreSThaya sthApita kruuNgaa| dUsare dinayaH sabhApati the svayaM AcArya dhruv| prArambhameM unhoMne vaktAkA paricaya atyanta zraddhApUrNa zabdoM meM diyA ! vyAkhyAnako Adise antataka bahuta dhyAnapUrvaka sunA / itanA sApha aura prabala vyAkhyAna huA ki mujha AryasamAjoke sutarkakI noMka kahIM na gar3I / to bhI AryasamAjI culabulAhaTase maiMne kucha cher3a hI diyA, aura jainadharmake apane ajJAna ke kAraNa mujhe sabhAmeM vetaraha lajita honA pdd'aa| satyArtha-prakAzakI apanI prAmANikatAkA burI taraha bhaMDAphor3a karAkara mujhe bar3A kSobha huA / muMha chipAkara nikala pAyA / zraddheya vaNI jIse vaha merI pahalI bheMTa thii| unake madhura bhASaNa aura prabhAvazAlI saunyakA AkarSaNa itanA adhika rahA ki cAra pAMca bayAlIma
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________________ saMsmaraNa XX dinoMke bAda unake darzanArtha sthAdvAda vidyAlaya gyaa| AryasamAjake varNAzrama dharmapara bAta calI / musakarA kara unane pUchA--acchA, zrApa kisa vaNa ke haiM ? maiMne kahA-svAmIjI, maiM janmase to kAyastha huuN| par3ha likha kara vidvAn ho jAneke kAraNa siddhAntake anusAra maiM brAhmaNa ho jAUMgA / pra0-kyA taba brAhmaNaloga Apake sAtha roTI-beTI karaneko tayAra hoMge ? u0--ve bhale na taiyAra hoM, kintu AryasamAja to mujhe vaisA sammAna avazya degA / pra0-acchA, AryasamAjameM jo brAhmaNa haiM kyA ve bhI Apake sAtha roTI-beTIke lie taiyAra hoMge? u.-maiM kaha nahIM sakatA / pra0-taba, kyA AryasamAjakI varNavyavasthA kevala bAtoM hI meM hai, vyavahArameM nahIM ? vIjIse milakara jaba maiM vizvavidyAlaya lauTa rahA thA to yaha khUba anubhava kara rahA thA ki AryasamAjakA merA utsAha manda ho gayA thaa| mere manameM pazna ho rahA thA-svAmI dayAnandajIne anya dharmoM ke viSayameM vinA jAne kevala hiMsAtmaka preraNAse amuka samullAsameM aisA kyoM likha diyA ? kyA yaha satyakI bAta hai ! xx XX do varSa ke bAda ema. e. pAsa karake maiMne apanI sevA gurukula mahAvidyAlaya (AryasamAja) vaidyanAthadhAma (bihAra) ko arpita kii| gurukulakA maiM zrAcArya banA / AryasamAjakI praNAlIke anusAra mujhe loga paMDitajI kahane lge| mujhe yaha gaurava pAkara bar3A Ananda AyA-aura kucha nahIM to AryasamAjane mujhe itanA sammAna to diyA / prAcArya padadhara rahane ke kAraNa loga merA bhaya mAnate the, kintu mujhe aisA lagA ki brAhmaNa adhyApakoMke mere prati Adara nahIM hai / zAyada kAyastha honeke kAraNa !! eka dina kamareke bhItarase sunA gurukulake eka adhyApaka zrI ....... "tivArIjI pukAra rahe the-yo, paNDita TAigara ! yo paNDita bAigara !! maiM bAhara AyA aura pUchA ki yaha paNDita TAigara kauna hai ? zrI.......... tivArIjIne gurukulake eka kuttekI ora izArA karate hue kahA-zrAcAryajI, yahI paNDita TAigara hai, AryasamAjameM sabhI paNDita haiM / basa, AryasamAjakI varNavyavasthA acchI taraha samajha gyaa| varNIjIkI bAteM jhaTa yAda A gayIM / siddhAntameM to pahale hI halacala paidA ho gayI thI / 1933 meM phirase banArasa AyA--saMskRtameM ema, e. parIkSA dene / dUsare hI dina syAdvAda taiMtAlIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vidyAlaya gyaa| kintu yaha jAnakara bar3I nirAzA huI ki varNIjI kAzI chor3a kara cale gaye haiM / mujhe unake sAmane apanI kitanI samasyAe rakhanI thI / jainadharma para vahAMke kucha anya logoMse bAta huI / jAnakara bar3A duHkha huaA ki bhagavAna mahAvIrake zrAdarzake viruddha jainasamAjameM bhI varNa bheda apanI saMkIrNatAoMke sAtha A gayA hai ! zatAdviyoM taka brAhmaNa-samAjake samparka meM rahaneke kAraNa jainasamAja ko maulika zuddhatA para prabhAva par3a hI gayA hai / isI bAra sAranAtha gayA aura bauddha-dharmakA adhyayana karane lgaa| 'pAlike vizeSa adhyayanake lie laGkA calA gyaa| varNa-bhedako saMkIrzatAoMse sarvathA mukta bauddha-samAjane vizeSa rUpase AkRSTa kiyA / phira to, bauddha dIkSA aura upasampadA bhI le lii| ___ itane varSa pUrva eka vidyArthIse huA vArtAlApa Aja varNIjIko smaraNa ho yA na, kintu usake jIvanakI dazA badalane meM usakA bar3A hAtha hai / kAzI vizvavidyAlaya ]---- (bhikSu) jagadIza kAzyapa, ema. e. Wan varNIjI aAdaraNIya varNIjI una ine gine mahApuruSoM meM se haiM, jinhoMne apanI sAdhanA aura tyAgase kucha aisI zakti prApta kara lI hai ki jo bhI unake samparkameM AtA hai, unase prabhAvita hue binA nahIM rahatA / varNIjIne kisI vizvavidyAlayakI UMcI upAdhi prApta nahIM kI: para tapa aura tyAgake kSetrameM ve jisa uccAsana para virAjamAna haiM, baha biraloMko hI mila pAtA hai| unake Adeza para gatavarSa jaba maiM ahAra pahuMcA to vahIM unake prathama bAra darzana hue, para unakI AtmIyatAko dekha kara mujhe aisA lagA, mAnoM varSoMse unake sAtha merA ghaniSTa paricaya rahA ho / varNIjI bacapanase hI adhyayanazIla rahe haiN| mar3AvarAkI pAThazAlAmeM chaH varSakI avasthAmeM bAlaka gaNezane adhyayanakA jo zrIgaNeza kiyA vaha Aja taka jArI hai| svAdhyAyameM jAne kitane granthoMkA unhoMne pArAyaNa nahIM kiyA hogaa| vibhinna dharmokA unhoMne tulanAtmaka adhyayana kiyA hai aura eka aisI udAra dRSTi prApta kI hai, jisameM kisI ke prati koI bhedabhAva yA vidveSa nahIM / varNIjIkI AkRti aura vezabhUSAko dekha kara sahaja hI bhrama ho sakatA hai ki ve adhika par3helikhe nahIM haiN| para unake samparkase, unake bhASaNa aura zAstra pravacanase patA calatA hai ki ve kitane gahare vidvAna haiM / saca yaha hai ki unakI vidvattA una para hAvI nahIM hone pAyA hai, jaise ki prAyaH lIgoM para ho jAtI hai / unake jIvana meM sahajatA hai aura unheM yaha dikhAnekA jaise avakAza hI nahIM ki ve cavAlIsa
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________________ saMsmaraNa itane vidvAna haiN| mIThI bundelImeM sIdhe-sAde uccAraNase jaba ve bAta karate haiM to sunanemeM bar3A AnaMda AtA hai / aura bIca-bIcameM atyanta svAbhAvika DhaMgase 'kAe bhaiyA' kA prayoga karate haiM to unakI AtmIyatA evaM ADambara hInatAse zrotA AbhibhUta ho jAtA hai / sAdhAraNa bAtacItameM dekhiye, kaise kaise kalyANakArI aura zikSA-prada sUtra unake mukhase nikalate haiM -AdamI jaisA bhItara hai, vaisA hI bAhara honA cAhie / --zikSAkA dhyeya hRdaya aura mastiSkakI vyApakatA aura vizAlatA hai| --apanI AtmAko malina na hone denA hamArA dharma hai| -jIvanameM sahajatA honI caahie| zikSAke prati varNIjIke manameM agAdha prema hai aura unakI hArdika AkAMkSA hai ki zikSAkA vyApaka rUpase pracAra ho / koI bhI vyakti nirakSara na rahe / yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne aneka zikSAlayoMkI sthApanA kI hai| kAzIkA syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, sAgarakA gaNeza mahAvidyAlaya, jabalapurakA varNI gurukula tathA aneka choTe-bar3e vidyAlayoMkI nIMva unhoMne DAlI hai aura unake saMcAlanake lie paryApta sAdhana juTAye haiM / para smaraNa rahe, varNIjIkA dhyeya vartamAna zikSA praNAlIke dhyeyase sarvathA bhinna hai| AjakI zikSA to AdamIko bahirmukhI banAtI hai / UMcI DigarI pAkara AdamI naukarI, bhautika aizvarya aura sAMsArika vaibhavakI ora daur3atA hai aura unhIMke pIche bhaTaka kara apanI jIvana-lIlA samApta kara detA hai; para varNIjI usa zikSAko kalyANakArI mAnate haiM jo AdamIko aMtarmukhI banAtI hai, jisameM apaneko aura apane prAtmAko pahacAnane kI zakti hai aura usake vikAsake lie zrAdamI niraMtara prayatnazIla rahatA hai / ahArameM bAtacItake bIca unhoMne kahA thA, "bhaiyA ! hama to cAhate haiM ki duniyAkA sukha-dukha AdamIkA apanA sukha-dukha bana jAya aura AdamI svArtha lipta hokara apanA hI lAbha-lAbha na dekhe / " isa eka vAkyameM zikSAkA dhyeya acchI taraha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| aura yaha varNIjIkA korA upadeza hI nahIM hai. ise unhoMne apane jIvana meM utArA bhI hai| merA cirA yaha suna kara gadgad ho gayA ki ahAra Ate samaya mArgameM eka jarUrata bhare bhAIko unhoMne apanI cAdara yaha kaha kara de dI thI ki merA to isake binA bhI kAma cala jAya gA; lekina isa bhAIkI jAr3ese bacata ho jaaygii| cauhattara varSakI AyumeM varNIjIkA svAsthya aura unakI sphUrti kisI bhI yuvakake lie spRhaNIya ho sakatI hai| unameM pramAdakA nAma nahIM aura unake gaThe aura camakate zarIra, bharI huI aAMkheM aura unnata lalATako dekhakara prAcIna RSiyoMkA smaraNa ho AtA hai| varNIjIkI sabase bar3I vizeSatA unakI saralatA, sAttvikatA aura AtmIyatA hai / ve sabase samAna rUpase milate haiM aura choTe bar3eke bIca bheda karanA unake svabhAvake viparIta hai| ahArase hama paiMtAlIsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha loga jaba calaneko hue to dopaharakA eka baja rahA thA / varNIjI svAdhyAya samApta karake hamAre sAtha ho liye / maiMne kahA--Apa vizrAma kiijie| bole, "nahIM jI, calo thor3I dUra tuma logoMko pahuMcA AU~" aura koI mIla bhara hama logoMke sAtha Aye binA ve nahIM raha ske| Ajakalake do bhayaMkara roga pada aura pratiSThAke mohase varNIjI eka dama mukta haiN| jahAM kahIM jAte haiM vahIM sAdhana juTAkara koI zikSaNa athavA anya jana--sevI saMsthA khar3I kara dete haiM aura binA kisI moha yA lipsAke Age bar3ha jAte haiM / jisane samUcI vasuMdharAko svecchA pUrvaka apanA kuTumba mAna liyA ho, vaha ekase baMdha kara kyoM baitthegaa| ... varNIjIko prakRtise bar3A prema hai aura yaha svAbhAvika hI hai| bundelakhaNDakI zasya zyAmalA bhUmi, usake hare bhare vana, UMce pahAr3a, vistRta sarovara aura satat pravAhita saritAeM kisI bhI zuSka vyaktiko bhI prakRti premI banAsakatI hai| isI saubhAgyazAlI prAMtako varNIjI ko janma denekA gaurava prApta huA hai| ahArake lambe-caur3e mahAsAgarake bAMdhapara jaba hama loga khar3e hue to sarovarake nirmala jala aura usake irdagirdakI harI-bharI pahAr3iyoM aura banoMko dekhakara varNIjI bole, "dekho to kaisA sundara sthAna hai| saba cIja banA loge; lekina maiM pUchatA hUM aisA tAlAva, aise pahAr3a aura ese bana kahAMse lAbhoge?" bundelakhaNDakI garIbI aura usase bhI adhika vahAMke nivAsiyoMkI nirakSaratAke prati unake manameM bar3A kSobha aura vedanA hai| prakRti jahAM itanI udAra ho, mAnava vahIM itanA dIna hIna ho, yaha ghora lajjAkI bAta hai isIse jaba logoMne unase kahA ki bundelakhaNDakI bhUmi aura vahAM ke nara-nArI apane uddhArake lie ApakA sahArA cAhate haiM to IsarIko chor3ate unheM dera na lagI, ve bundelakhaNDameM cale Aye aura usakI sevAmeM juTa gye| varNIjIkA paidala calanekA niyama hai| bar3I-bar3I yAtrAeM unhoMne paidala hI pUrNa kI hai| zikharajIkI sAta sau mIlakI yAtrA paidala karanA koI haMsI-khela nahIM thA; para varNIjIne vinA kisI hicakicAhaTake vaha yAtrA prAraMbha kI aura pUrI karake hI mAne / ___ jisane apane svArthako chor3a diyA hai, jise kisIse moha nahIM, jisakI koI nijI mahattvAkAMkSA nahIM, usakA logoMpara prabhAva honA koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai / jaina tathA jainetara samAjapara Aja varNIjIkA jo prabhAva hai, vaha sarva vidita hai| unake isa prabhAvakA lAbha uThA kara yadi koI aisA vyApaka kendra sthApita kiyA jAya jo samasta rASTrake Age sevAkA zrAdarza upasthita kara sake to bar3A kAma ho| vaise choTe-choTe kendroMkA bhI mahatva kama nahIM hai aura hamAre rASTra-pitA mahAtmA gAMdhI to svayaM isa bAta ke pakSapAtI the chiyAlIsa
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________________ saMsmaraNa ki eka hI sthAna para saba kucha kendrita na karake bhAratake sAta lAkha gAvoMko Atma-nirbhara aura Atma-pUrita banAyA jAya / varNIjI zataMjIvI hoM aura unake dvarA bhAratake koTi-koTi janako zrAtma- vikAsa aura sevAkI preraNA milatI rhe| . .. 78, dariyAgaMja dillI ]--. .. yazapAlajaina, bI0 e, elaela, bI0 sAgarameM AyI eka lahara vidvara viliyamake samAna, vidyA sIkhI jisa yogI ne / phira khole vidyAlaya aneka, jisa nyAya-dharmake bhogIne // AyA hai vahI gaNeza idhara / sAgarameM AyI eka lahara // the gaye megha bana sAgarase, IsarI marusthala meM brse| kara diyA vahAM para harA bharA, para sAgarake jana the tarase . . . dekhA taba unane tanika idhara / sAgarameM AyI eka lahara // the sAta barasa jaba vIta gaye, manameM hilora unake aayii| cala diye yahAM ko paidala hI, janatA unako lene dhAyI // - harSita ho uThe buMdelA nr| sAgarameM AyI eka lahara // / sUrata]--..... ..--kamalAdevI jaina saiMtAlisa bhaayaa|
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________________ zrIgaNezaprasAdajI varNIke darzanakA prathama prabhAva maMjholA kada, dubalA patalA zarIra usapara laMgoTI aura bhaguvA raMgakA eka caddara, ghuTA huA sira, ubharA huA mastiSka, laMbI nukIlI nAsikA, dhavala danta-paMkti, sundara sAMvalA varNa / aise 72 varSake bUr3he mahApuruSake unnata lalATa tathA nukIlI lambI nAsikAke sammilanake AjU bAjU, yadi koI atyanta AkarSaka vastu hai to ve haiM, choTI choTI monasama do AvadAra aAMkheM / ina AMkhoMse jo vidyuta sphuliMga nikalate haiM vaha mAnava ko apanI ora sahasA AkarSita kiye bagaira nahIM raha sakate, aura taba prathama darzana hI meM puruSa isa mahApuruSase prabhAvita ho usake atyanta samIpa khiMcA calA jAtA hai / tabhI to kyA bAlaka, kyA vRddha kyA yuvaka aura kyA yuvatI arthAt pratyeka strI-puruSa varNIjIse eka bAra; yadi adhika nahIM to vArtAlApakA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kara sakatA / vigata grISma RtumeM isa Der3ha pasalIke mahApuSake prathama darzanakA lAbha-jisakI carcA bAlyakAlase sunatA calA AtA thA-prApta huaa| prAthamika prabhAvase hRdayameM 'vAstavameM yaha koI mahAn vyakti honA hI cAhiye' bhAva sahasA utpanna huaa| cAhe usa mahAnatAkI dizA jo koI aura cAhe jaisI ho, acchI athavA burii| ve camakIlI nanhI nanhI AMkheM kaha rahI thIM, ina choTI choTI AMkhoMne hI viSada vastu svarUpake antastalameM praveza kara AtmAko pahacAnA hai ; mahAna banAyA hai| zrAja 72 varSake ananta parizramakA phala hai ; atyanta sarala, mRdubhASI, antarmukhI, adhyAtma pravaktA pUjya zrI 105 gaNezaprasAda vau~ / aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha puruSa puMgava mahAna hI utpanna huA hai, / kevala kisI usa dizAne jisameM vaha lagA hai use mahAna nahIM banAyA hai| yaha jisa kisI bhI dizAmeM jAtA mahAna hI hotA / inakI AMkhoM meM jo saralatA khelatI hai usakA sthAna yadi krUratA le pAtI to vairAgyajanya virodha aura vivAdase bhAganekI vRtti kI jagaha bhir3a jAne kI prakRti par3atI taba yaha saMsAra kA bar3A bhArI Adhibhautika nirmAtA yA DAkU athavA pIr3aka hotA arthAt jidhara jhukatA udhara antima zreNI taka hI jAtA, parantu jisa ora inakI dRSTi hai usane inheM mahAna nahIM; mahAnatama banA diyA hai| Aja saMsArako rAjanIti nahIM, dharmanItikI AvazyakatA hai| padArtha vijJAnakI nahIM Atma vijJAnakI AvazyakatA hai| vAstavika dharma unnatiAtmonnatike sivAya Aja kI duniyA pratyeka dizAmeM adhikase adhika unnati kara cukI hai, aura bhAge bar3hanekI kozizameM hai / phira bhI saMsAra saMtrasta hai, duHkhI hai / eka mahAyuddhake pazcAt dUsarA mahAyuddha / phira bhI zAnti nahIM, caina nahIM / kyoM ? isI zAnti prAptike artha punaH tIsare mahAyuddha kI AzaMkA hai| kyA ar3atAlisa
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________________ saMsmaraNa Agase Aga kabhI bujhatI hai| Aja saMsAra ke loga jo bahirmukha ho rahe haiM, bAhya sAdhana sAmagrI hI meM sukha mAna kara usake juTAne kA ahirniza prayatna kara rahe haiM usase kyA zAnti milI ? nahIM, phira duniyAM jo sacce sukhakA rAstA bhUla kara patha bhraSTa ho cukI hai use supathapara lAnA hogA / vaha rAstA hai dharmakA, aAdhyAtmakA / isI prakAzako deneke lie gaNezaprazAda varNIkI jyoti pragaTa huI hai / jo svayaM prAdhyAtmika AnandameM sarAbora haiM vahI dUsaroMko usa ora agrasara kara sakatA hai| jo svayaM prakAzamAna nahIM vaha dUsaroMko kyA prakAzita karegA ? kizorAvasthA hI to thI / eka lakar3ahAre se lakar3I kI gAr3I ThaharAyI kucha adhika mUlyameM / dharmamAtAne jaba kImata sunI, to kahA ki 'bhaiyA Thage gaye' / inheM lagA ki ise jo adhika dAma diye haiM yaha 'yena kena prakAreNa' vasUla karane caahie| vaha gAr3IvAlA jaba khAlI kara cukA taba Apane kahA 'taine paise adhika liye hai, lakar3I cIra kara bhI rakha, nahIM to uThA apanI gaadd'ii|' garIba gAr3IvAna kucha hI paise adhika milane para bhI, yaha kaSTa na uThA sakA ki gAr3I phira bharatA aura vApasa le jAtA / usane kulhAr3I uThAyI, jeThakI garamIke dopaharakA samaya, pasIne se lathapatha ho gayA to bhI lakar3iyAM cIra kara utane hI paise lekara calA gyaa| dhyAna AyA "maiMne bahuta galatI kii| jaba ThaharA ho liyA thA to usase adhika kAma nahIM lenA thaa| cAra ATha Ane hI kI to bAta thI, becArA bhUkhA pyAsA calA jA rahA hogaa|" jhaTa eka AdamIke lAyaka miThAI aura cirAIke paise le usa rAste para bar3he jisase lakar3ahArA gayA thA, DhUMr3ate cale cilacilAtI dhUpameM / eka mIlake phAsale para vaha milA, kahA "bhaiyA hamase bar3I bhUla bhaI jo hamane tumase lakar3I cirAyIM aura bhUkhA rkhaa| lo jA miThAI khAtro aura cirAIke dAma lo|" usa bhole bhAleko yaha saba dekhakara lagA ki vaha isa lokameM nahIM hai| lakar3I becaneke sAtha sAtha unhIM dAmoM para lakar3I cIranA, ThaharAye dAmoMse kama dAma pAnA, thor3e dAmoM para adhika mUlyakI lakar3I becanA, lakar3I gharameM rakha deneke sAtha sAtha gharakA aura kAma karanA, Adi sAdhAraNa bAteM thiiN| usane inake caraNa chue aura kahA, 'apana aise cillATeke ghAmameM itanI dUra kAya Aye 1rojaI karata paNData jU apanane kauna sI naI jyAdatI karI hatI / basa, maiM saba pA gro|" parantu paNDita na mAnA, jaba usane vaha miThAI aura paise le liye tabhI zAnti aura nizcintA kI sAMsa lii| . ___ sAdhAraNa puruSakI jo kamajorI hotI hai vaha yadi mahApuruSameM ho to vaha usakA guNa ho jAtI hai / saMsArameM rahate hue bhI saMsArameM na rahane vAlA yaha mahAna puruSa jalameM kamalake samAna saMsArase alita hai| isIlie to virodha aura vivAdakA maukA nahIM Ane detA, aura usa rAste para Age Age bar3hA jA rahA hai jise pUrNa kara vaha "vaha' hI raha jaaygaa| AtmAnandakI jyoti vikheratA huA unacAsa
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha yaha mahAna AtmA jaba vihAra karatA hai, to 'yatra tatra sarvatra' hI jana samUha isakI ora khiMcA calA AtA hai / taba yaha AtmA unheM jJAnakA dAna dekara, jJAnastambha ( vidyAlaya pAThazAlA) vahAM sthApita kara Age bar3ha jAtA hai| jisake prakAzameM loga apanA mArga khojeM aura Age bddh'e| loga kahate haiM - varNIjI asthira haiM, koI eka kArya pUrNa nahIM karate / yaha saMsthA khulavA, vaha saMsthA khulavA, isa kArya ke lie bhI hAM, aura usa kArya ke lie bhI hAM, para pUrA koI bhI kArya nahIM karate / parantu yahI to unakI vizeSatA hai| jisane saMsAra chor3anekI ThAna lI hai tathA jo use pUrNa rUpeNa tyAganeke mArga para agrasara ho rahA hai vaha eka sthAna para eka saMsthAse cipaTA kaise baiThA raha sakatA hai ? use to zrAtmajyoti jo usane prApta kI hai use hI logoMko dete dete eka dina usI jyotimaya hI ho jAnA hai| sivanI] sumeracanda kauzala bI. e., elaela0 bI. guru gaNeza (1) rI ? arI lekhanI tU likha de tuma nahIM paristhiti ke vaza meM mere guru kI gurutA mahAn, tumane hI usako kiyA dAsa citrita kara de vaha sajaga citra apamAnoM atyAcAroM meM jisameM unakI prabhutA mahAn // . pala kara tumane pAyA prakAza / sAntvanA pUrNa terI vANI mAvava mAnasa kI paricita sI kucha kaha detI samajhA detI satpatha darzAtI parimita sii|| o ! dRr3ha pratijJa, o sanyAsI o ArSamArga ke unnAyaka, o vizva hitaiSI, loka priya o Adi bhAratI ke gAyaka // (3) vAtsalya-mUrti sacce sAdhaka o nAma mAtra aMzuka dhArI, - o bhUle yuga ke mAna - puruSa .. - jana-mana meM 'samatA saMcArI syA0 di0 jainavidyAlaya ]-. mAnasa-sAgara kitanA nirmala hai rAga dveSa kA lepa nahIM . tuma niHsaMkocI satya - priya hai. chadma : tumhArA veza nahIM (vi0 ) ravIndra kumAra pacAsa
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________________ mAnavatAkA kIrtistambha __ maiM varNIjIko san '14-15meM nanhUlAla jI kaMDayAke yahAM eka praur3ha vidyArthI tathA paNDitake rUpameM kabhI kabhI dekhatA thaa| jaina samAjakI una para usa samaya bhI zraddhA thI kintu saMbhavataH kevala eka jJAnArAdhaka vidvAna ke ruupmeN| san '24-25 meM jaba ki paravAra samAjake sAgara adhivezana meM mujhe bolanekA saubhAgya vIjIkI kRpAke kAraNa prApta ho sakA thA taba viSayake sambandha meM pUche jAne para maiMne kahA ki 'maiM jainadharmakA akiJcana vidyArthI hUM, viSaya maiM kyA batAUM? tathApi Apane 15 minaTa bolanekA avasara diyA thaa| mujha para usa kRpAne jo prabhAva kiyA vaha maiM bhulA nahIM sktaa| Aja varNIjI kevala jaina samAjakI hI vibhUti nahIM hai, yadyapi jaina samAjakA RNa bhAra unake bhAla pradeza para aMkita hai / ajaina kuTumbameM janma lekara unake dvArA vyavahAra jainadharmane kUpamaNDakatva ko tyAga diyaa| unakI ora dekhakara jainI kauna hai isa bhAvanAkI eka spaSTa rUpa-rekhA gairajainI vyaktike hRdayameMbhI aMkita ho jAtI hai / aAjakI jaina samAjakI saMkucita bhAvanA unakI ora dekhane mAtrasetirohita ho jAtI hai aura mAnava samajhatA hai ki jainadharma vAstavameM mAnavatAke hRdayako jhaMkRta kara sakatA hai / - yaha puNya kamAyA jaina samAja tathA ajaina samAjane kramazaH apane eka choTese lAlako khokara aura eka mahAnatAke siMhAsanapara baiThA kara / kauna kaha sakatA hai ki vojI Aja mAnavatAkI jisa taha taka pahuMca pAye usakA kAraNa; kisI bhI rUpameM sahI unakA jaina samAjake bAharakA prAthamika vicaraNa nahIM hI hai ? jahAM rahate hue unhoMne kalpanA kI hogI ki jaina-tattva kisa taraha sarvopakAraka ho sakatA hai| isa dRSTi se varNIjI jaina tathA ajaina samAjake bIcakI eka kar3I haiM jisameM donoM dharmokI mahAnatA khila uThI hai| varNIjI tapasvinI ciroMjAbAIke mUrtimAn smAraka haiN| unake tyAga vidyAvyAsaMga aura sampattike sadupayogakI bhAvanAne varNI jImeM amaratA pAyI hai| 'svayaMbuddha jaina' para vyaya kI gayI rakamane atikRtajJa atimAnavakA janma diyA hai / / . Ajake paidala yAtrA karane vAle usa parivrAjaka ke mukhapara na kevala jainadharmakI vidvattA aMkita hai kintu duHkha dalita mAnavatAkI kasaka bhI virAja rahI hai| sArI sAMsArika nimna pravRttiyoM se sanyasta isa yatikI udAtta vRttiyAM asahAya mAnavatAke Arta cItkArake prati sadA sahAnubhUtise mukharita hotI haiM aura yathAzakti mArga darzana karatI haiN| Ajake yugameM vairAgiyoMkA upayoga lokahitAya kaisA honA cAhie isake zrApa mUrta rUpa haiN| ikAvana
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha Apake Ajake pravacanoMmeM jainadharmakI pAribhASika zabdAvalikA ghaTATopa nahIM kintu sIdhe rUpase mAnavake bhItara khirakara baiThane vAlI vaha sarasa vANI hai jo mahAna AtmAoMkA bhUSaNa rahI hai| una sIdhe aura gaMvaI zabdoMmeM na jAne kaisA jAdU hai ? kintu samayakI pukAra bhI usake sAtha hI vahAM virAja rahI hai / mandiroM taka hI dharmako sImita rakhane vAle jainI kyA samajhe ki jainadharma kitanA mahAna hai aura usakI mahAnatA samajhAne vAlA bhI kitanA mahAnatama hai| jaina samAjakI udAratAke 'prasAda' meM hindu samAjakA maMgalamaya 'gaNeza' bhI apane ApameM virAjamAna ho sakA hai / ___ hama dekhate haiM ki Apake aMga pratyaMgase pratidhvanita hone vAlI bhAratIyatA jainatvakI dhArAmeM gotA lagA kara kaisI nikhara uThI hai, kAza jainI hI nahIM bhAratIya bhI isa samanvayako samajhate aura banate usake anurUpa / to pUjya rASTrapitAkA syAdvAda prerita 'sarvadharma samAnatvam' kevala prArthanAkA pada na raha jaataa| sAgara] bI. ela. sarApha, bI. e., elaela. bI. smRtikI sAdhanA "saMsArameM zAnti nhiiN| zAntikA mUla kAraNa AtmAmeM para padArthoMse upekSA bhI nahIM hama loga jo inheM AtmIya mAna rahe haiM isakA mUla kAraNa hamArI anAdi kAlIna vAsanA hai / yadi mAnava aise sthAna para pahuMca gayA to, eka AdamIke sudhArameM anekoMkA sudhAra hai / dRSTi badalanA caahie| yahI to sudhArakA phala hai| "merA yaha dRr3hatama zraddhAna hai, ki kalyANakA prArambha zrApameM hI hotA hai ......."usI samaya jo kAlAdi hote haiM unheM nimitta kAraNa kahate haiM / zrI AdinAtha bhagavAnake antaraMgase mUrchA (lobhAdi) gayI, nimitta milA nIlAJjanAkI zrAyuke anta honekA / isI prakAra sarvatra vyavasthA hai| yadi isa hIna dazApanna prAntakA udaya acchA honA hogA, taba isa prAntakI mAnava samAjake bhI sad abhiprAya ho jAveMge / anyathA 99 kA phera hai hI-rahegA aura prAyaH thaa|" ___ ukta paMktiyAM pUjya varNIjIne eka patrameM likhI haiN| patrakI pratyeka paMkti sva-para kalyANakI bhAvanAse zrota-prota hai / AtmoddhArakI gaharI niSThA aura anubhUtike sAtha sAtha jagatake mArganidarzanakI spaSTha jhalaka bhI milatI hai| unakI lekhanI aura zrIjamayI sarasa bhASAmeM sadaiva yaha utkaTa icchA nihita rahatI hai ki saMsArake samasta prANI sacce mAnava dharmakA anusaraNa kara AtmakalyANa karaneke sAtha sAtha saMsArake samasta digbhrAnta mAnava samAjakA bhI uddhAra kareM / bAvana
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________________ saMsmaraNa vIjI lokottara puruSa haiM / unakA sampUrNa jIvana sAdhanAmaya rahA hai| ve mumukSu haiM / unake jIvanapara jaina saMsakRti aura darzanakI gaharI chApa hai / adhyAtmavAdake ve apanI koTike eka hI paNDita haiM / uttarottara sAdhanAke vikAsa aura carama utkarSako jijJAsAne, unheM mAnavake atyadhika nikaTa lA diyA hai| unakI satata jJAna pipAsA kabhI virAma nahIM letI / vaha unake jIvanakI cira-saMginI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki unameM mAnavatAke samasta guNoMkA apratima sAmaJjasya mUrtimAna ho uThA hai / udArazIla, pracArakArya, zikSA saMsthA sthApana evaM dravya saMgraha jaisI unakI bAhya kriyAtroMkI pRSThabhUmimeM, unakA vizuddha brahmacarya-janya teja, hRdayakI zAlInatA, asIma saralatA paropakArI vRtti, patitapAvanatAkI uccAbhilASA aura yuktiyukta miSTa saMbhASaNa jaise AkarSaNa guNa camaka uThe haiM / ye hI unake jIvanako isa Adarza stara para le Aye haiN| ye samrATa bharatake samAna laukika vyavahArika kAryoM meM pravRtta rahate hue bhI usase alipta haiM aura haiM AtmoddhArake prati sadaiva jAgarUka aura sacinta / ve antaraGgameM prabhAva yA bhAvukatAmeM bahanevAle jIva nahIM haiM / unakI sarala kintu sUkSma vIkSaNI dRSTi kisI bhI vyaktike manobhAvoMko parakhane yA vastusthitakI gaharAI meM pahuMcanemeM jarA bhI vilamba nahIM lagAto / unakA vizAla hRdaya daridra, duHkhI, kSudhAta, pIr3ita, dalita, tiraskRta, patita aura asahAyoMke lie satata saMvedanazIla hai / inheM dekhate hI vaha dravita ho uThate haiM aura ho jAte haiM atyanta vyAkula / kaSTa nivAraNa hI unheM svastha kara pAtA hai| bhAratIya prAcIna zramaNa saMskRti aura mAnava dharmake yathArtha darzana inameM hI milate haiM / bhISaNa paristhitiyoMmeM jIvana nirvAha kara Apane jo zikSA prApta kI usIkA yaha suphala hai, jo Aja hama bhAratavarSa meM bosoM zikSA saMsthAnoMko phUlate phalate dekha rahe haiM / unakI vANImeM jo miThAsa aura prabhAva hai usakA vaijJAnika mUla kAraNa hai anya prAntoMmeM rahaneke bAda bhI apanI madhura mAtRbhASA-bundelakhaNDIkA na chUTanA / vizAla zikSAke kSetrameM jaba apane padArpaNa kiyA taba unake kaNTha meM janmabhUmikI vAgdevIkA nizcita nivAsa ho cukA thA / isa dRr3ha saMskArane unakI janmajAta mIThI bolIke rUpako nahIM badalane diyA aura cUr3Anta pratibhA sampanna hokara java ve saMsAra ke sAmane Aye to sahaja hI vaha sarala bhASA mukhase jharane lgii| varNIjIne eka rAjayogIkI taraha par3hA likhA hai / unake rahana-sahana aura bhojanakA mApadaNDa sadA kAphI UMcA rahA hai / isa sambandhameM agaNita janazrutiyAM haiM / Apako sAdhAraNa bhojanapAna aura vezabhUSA kabhI nahIM rucA / bAIjI avikala rUpase unakI tRptike lie sadaiva sAdhana sAmagrI juTAne meM tatpara rahIM aura vaNIMjIkI bhAvanAeM sadaiva bar3ha car3hakara sAmane aayiiN| vAIjI vyavahAra kuzala thoM isI lie bar3hiyA cAMvaloMko dUdhameM bhigo kara bAdameM pakAtI thIM, to bhI "bAIjI tirapana
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha usa dinakA cAvala bahuta susvAdu thA" yaha sunakara bhI UbatI na thiiN| bahumUlya zAla dazAloM, rezamI dupaTToM, cAdaroM, rezamI sAphoM, kurtoM aura aMgUThiyoMko anAyAsa kisI garIba yAcakako dekhakara vahIM kahIM de denekI to na jAne kitanI ghaTanAeM haiN| yaha pravRtti Aja bhI unameM banI huI hai| haripura grAmameM paM0 ThAkuraprasAda dvivedIjI ke pAsa par3hate the| eka jar3a buddhi brAhmaNa vidyArthI sAtha thaa| paThana-pAThanase Uba kara aura vidyArthI jIvanase apanA aura kisI prakAra piNDa chUTatA na dekhakara, usane eka dina kahA--"par3hane meM kyA rakhA hai ? donoM jane gaMgAjImeM DUbakara kaSTaprada jIvana samApta kara deM aura tamAma jhaMjhaToMse mukti pA leM / " vava varNIjIkA ananya mitra thaa| sakhAko koI mAnasika kaSTa na ho apanI isa dayAvRtti aura bandhutva bhAvase ve usake prastAvase sahamata ho gye| donoM vyakti gupa cupa eka ikkA karake jhUsI aaye| manameM uThate hue nAnA vikalpoM aura bhayane brAhmaNa vidyArthIko haThase pIche Dhakela diyA aura vaha chipakara varNIjIko sotA chor3a kara na jAne kahAM campata ho gyaa| subaha uThate hI mitrako gAyaba pAkara mana meM AyA 'bhalA gurudevako apanA muha kaise dikhaataa| kyoMki vahAMse binA AjJAke bhAgakara jo Aye the| yadi gaye to bahuta lajita honA par3egA aura jo bhI sunegA vaha bhI upahAsa kregaa| isa haMsI ThiTholI aura zarmanAka sthitise to aba kAyotsarga hI bhalA / isI udher3a-bunameM masta hama gaMgA ghATa para cale gaye / ' aMTIke pacAsa rupaye aura sAre vastra ghATa para rakha diye aura nagna hokara zrAvaNa kI gaMgAmeM kUda pdd'e| AdhA mIla bahaneke bAda hoza AyA ki paira pAna meM cala rahe haiN| gaMgAkA dUsarA kinArA pAsa dikhAyI par3A tathA ve pAnI kATate hue usa ora pahu~ca gaye / khar3e hue to apaneko nagna dekha kara zarma mAlUma huI / usI prakAra ghATakI tarapha lauTa pdd'e| bIcameM tIvra dhArAoMkoM pAra karanA zaktise bAhara thaa| "maiM dhArAko na kATa sakA aura vahAM pAnImeM guTake khAne lgaa| jIvana aura maraNake hiMDolemeM jhUlate hue mujhe eka mallAhane dekha liyA aura sAdhuko DUbatA samajha mujhe sahArA dekara apanI naukAmeM car3hA liyaa| maiM thakAna aura ghabar3AhaTase aceta sI avasthA meM ghATa para pahuMcA / dekhA vastra saba yathAsthAna rakhe hue haiN| cittameM yaha vicAra AyA ki karma-rekhAeM amiTa haiM, kisI ke kucha karanese kyA hotA hai / jo honahAra aura bhavitavya hai vaha hokara hI rhtaa|" isa prakAra loka hAsyase bacanekI bhAvanA tathA bhAvukatAke pUrameM varNIjI ne 'pUrvopArjita karma aparihArya haiM, bhAgya sAtha nahIM chor3atA' isa aDiga AsthAko paayaa| kintu isa saMkalpane unheM puruSArthase virata nahIM kiyA / ve puruSArtha karate haiM aura vizvAsa rakhate haiM ki puNyodaya hogA to icchita kArya avazya hI hogaa| isIlie to likhA thA "yahAM loga nAnA prakArase rokanekI ceSTA kara rahe haiN| maiM prakRtise jaisA hUM Apa logoMse chipA nhiiN| jo cAhe so mujhe bahakA letA hai| maiM antaraMgase to kaTanI AnA cAhatA huuN| jabalapura aura sAgara do isa mArgameM pratibandhaka haiM, zarIrakI zakti itanI prabala nahIM jo svayaM A sakU' / dekheM kauna sA mArga nikalatA cauvana
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________________ saMsmaraNa hai--bhaiyA, saMsAra viDambanAmaya hai aura hamArI moha lahara hI hameM ina jhaMjhaToMmeM ulajhA rahI hai| sabase uttama mArga svataMtravRtti hokara vihAra karanekA thA, parantu vaha pariNAma bhI nahIM aura na zArIrika zakti bhI isa yogya hai| anyathA isa madhyama mArgameM kadApi jIvana vyatIta na karatA / parAdhInatAke sadRza kaSTa nhiiN| merA (paM0 jamanmohana lAlajI kI) icchAkAra tathA apanI mAtAjIko darzana vizuddhi" gaNeza varNI yaha patra gurudevakI AtmAkA citrapaTa hai| unameM kucha vaiyaktika kamajoriyAM bhI haiM / unameM se eka to jisane jaisA kahA usakI hAM meM hAM milA denA / dUsarI hai vyavasthA zIlatAkA abhAva / kintu vAstavika vastu sthiti para vicAra karane se bhalI bhAMti samajhameM AtA hai ki unameM apanI koI truTi nahIM hai| kintu vaha bhI 'loka hitAya' hai| ve apane dvArA kabhI kisIko kSubdha yA vyAthita nahIM karanA cAhate / jo vyakti unake eka bAra bhI nikaTa samparka meM A jAtA hai vaha unakA sneha bhAjana bana jAtA hai| phira vaha unake prati apanI pratyAsaktise unase sadA dharmajJAna lAbha aura mArga darzana milatA rahe, isa lobhase unake mArgameM bAdhaka bana jAtA hai tathA samAjake lAbhako dRSTiko bhala jAtA hai| itane saMkoca zIla haiM ki logoMke kisI kArya ke lie atyanta Agraha karane para ve kiMkartavya vimUDhase ho jAte haiN| inameM sImAse adhika saralatA aura namratA hai| ve sabako sAmyadRSTi se dekhate haiM / unapara sabakA adhikAra hai| yadi kisIkA thor3A bhI bhalA ho sakatA hai to usa kAryase ve kabhI rukate nahIM cAhe vaha vyaktikA kAma ho yA smaajkaa| gurudeva sArvajanIna loka priya haiM / ataH saMsAra unheM vandanA karatA hai / vartamAna yugake ve Adarza mAnava haiM / unhoMne jitanI loka sevAeM kI haiM, unakA jaina samAjake bAhara vijJApana nahIM huaA anyathA ve anupama mAne jAte / unakA vyaktitva mahAn hai| ve digvimUr3ha mAnava samAjakI dizA aura bhAva parivartanake lie sacinta, sajaga aura saceSTa haiN| vRttAni santu satataM janatA hitAni-isa Adarza bhAvanAkA sundara samanvaya pUjya varNIjImeM jitanA milatA hai utanA anyatra dekhane meM nahIM aataa| pazcimI mAdaka malaya mArutane apanI mohinI surabhise saMsArako vilAsitA aura lipsA kI raMga-reliyoMmeM sarAbora kara jagatko usa mRga marIcikAke kiraNa jAlameM ulajhA kara, mAnavadharmase digbhrAnta banA diyA, kintu bharatasA yaha dRDhavratI yogI, isa anitya azaraNa saMsArase udAsIna ho kara virakti ke abhISTa rAjapathapara Age hI bar3hA rahA hai / viSayakA ezvarya aura vibhUti unake samakSa sadaiva mRtavat rahI / Aja ve apane jIvanake parama zikharake itane sannikaTa haiM aura unakA aAkula antara itanA adhIra hai ki ve aba nirgrantha avasthAko - pacapana
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha grahaNakara usameM apaneko AtmasAt kara denA cAhate haiN| ve sAMsarika sneha baMdhanase dUra, bahuta dUra jAkara aba kisI nirjana prakRtike suramya aJcalameM baiThakara kAyayoga dvArA ekAgracitta ho ekAkI jIvana vitAnA cAhate haiM / jahAM mAyA moha bandhanase cira saMtapta AtmAko virATa zAnti mile. prabala zrAtmoddhArakI jijJAsA saphala ho aura ve karma zatruoMke bhISaNa raNakSetrameM satata yuddha kara unapara vijaya prApta kara raNadhIra bana skeN| aise yuga puruSakI puNya smRtimeM unake punIta pAdapadmoMmeM zcaddhAkI yaha sumanAJjali arpita hai| ve ciraMjIva hoM, aura sabake madhyameM sudhAkarakI bhAMti prakAzamAna rahakara amRta varasAte rheN| kumAra kuTIra, kaTanI ] ( sa0 siM0 ) dhanyakumAra jaina jholI ke phUla phUloM se bharI huI jholImerI, maiM inheM car3hAUMgA / jaba taka zarIra meM zakti zeSa taba taka maiM tumheM manAUMgA // 'bhArata bhU' kI rakSA karate mara miTeM na pIche haTeM kabhI / 'hogI rakSA terI svadeza uddAma tAna se kaheM sbhii|| himagira kAMpe bhU Dola uThe, cAhe suna kara ke siMhanAdavara vIroM kA, cintA na kintu phaile yugAnta taka yaha ninAda // he deva adhika kucha cAha nahIM nava-jIvana-jyoti jagA deveM / svarNima aGkoM meM 'bhArata' kA itihAsa punaH likhavA degeM / / hama car3hA rahe haiM phUla deva / zraddhA pUrvaka, jholI khAlIho gayI, prabhuvara vara do bhara sake ise phira se maalii|| syA0 vi0 kAzI] (vi0) jJAnacandra 'Aloka' chappana
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________________ varNI mahAna ! varNI mahAn ! varNI mahAn ! yuga yuga taka zraddhA se mAnava gAvegA terA yazogAna varNI mahAn ! varNI mahAn !! sikhAyA yuga dharma jIvana kA ma batAyA gumarAha yugoM ke mAnava ko phira jIvana patha dikhalAyA laghumAnava hai kitanA samartha batalAtA terA svAbhimana varNI mahAn ! varNI mahAn !! kahanA jaga hama svachanda nahIM TUTe jIvana ke bandha nahIM isa para bole gurUvarya ? Apa "mAnava itanA niSpanda nahIM tor3a vivazatA ke bandhana bana jAo aba bhI yugapradhAna / varNI mahAn ! varNI mahAn !! tuma jagA rahe ho nikhila vizva lekara ke kara meM jJAna dIpa vaha jJAna ki jisase mAnava kA antastala hai bilakula samIpa yuga yuga taka anuprANita hogA pA kara jaga terA jJAna dAna | varNI mahAn ! varNI mahAn !! ujvala yaza-kiraNoM se terI ho rahA vyApta yaha dharA dhAma tU isa yuga kA yogI mahAn yuga kA tujhako zata zata praNAm zraddhA se nata ho uThe Aja caraNoM meM tere prANa prANa | varNI mahAn ! varNI mahAn !! sAmara ] saMtAvana --phUlacanda 'madhura'
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________________ khataulI kI AMkheM mujaphpharanagara jileke isa khataulI upanagarameM jainadharmake anuyAyiyoMkI acchI saMkhyA tathA sAmAjika sthiti hai| laukika kAryoMke sAtha-sAtha AtmArAdhanakI pravRtti yahAM paM0 haragUlAla jI, malajI Adike samayase calI AyI hai| to bhI kAla doSase yahAMke loga bhI kevala bAhya prabhAvanAmeM masta rahane lage the| aise hI samaya san 1924meM pUjya paM0 gaNezaprasAdajI varNI hastinApurase lauTane para yahAM ruke / majhaule kadakA zyAma zarIra, khaddarakA paridhAna tathA mAtheke zvetaprAya keza dekhakara logoMkI dRSTi ThiThaka gayI ! logoMko lagA siddhi devI (sva0 pU0 mAtA ciroMjAbAIjI) jJAnabAlakako liye ghUma rahI haiM / mahArAja eka saptAha ruke 'paramAtma prakAza kA svAdhyAya claa| logoMne samajhA ki unake suparicita pUjya Adarza tapasvI bAbA bhAgIrathajIkA kathana hI ThIka hai / aisA na hotA to jJAnamUrti varNIjI mUrtimAna tapa bAvAjI hI kI bAta--kevala bAhya AcaraNa se hI pAra na lage gI-kA, sApha-sApha vyAkhyAna kyoM krte| san 1925 meM gatavarSakI prArthanA svIkAra kara pUjya bAbAjI tathA varNIjIne khataulImeM caturmAsa kiyaa| paM0 dIpacandra jI varNI bhI Agaye the / caturmAsa bhara jJAna-vRSTi clii| bAbA vaNI ke mukhase dharmakA marma sunakara loga apane Apako bhUla jAte the| kintu varNIjIko dhyAna thA ki sAdhana vina yaha dharmacarcA adhika dina na clegii| bole "samyagjJAna dAyI vizAla saMskRta vidyAlaya hotA to kitanA acchA hotaa|" aura cupa ho gaye / loga samhale,-na caturmAsa sadA rahegA, na sAdhu samAgama aura na yaha jJAnavarSA bhI rahegIbAtakI bAtameM daza hajAra kA candA huA aura 'kunda kunda vidyAlaya' kI sthApanA ho gyii| sabaloga guruoM ke sAmane sarala tathA samajhadAra mAlUma par3ate the / janma aura kulakA ghamaMDa bhI dabAsA lgaa| kintu ; dasse-kisI sAmAjika bhUla yA aparAdha vaza bahiSkRta loga-mandira meM AyeMge ? mandira apavitra ho jAyagA, mUrtiyoMpara upasarga A par3egA, nahIM ye kabhI bhI mandirakI dehalI na lAMgha skeNge| cira upekSita dassA bhAI bhI isa dhArmika daMDako sahate sahate Uba gaye the para lAcAra the| durbhAgya vaza kucha mana cale sthAnakavAsI sAdhu A pahuMce / dassA bhAIyoMne socA 'calo kyA burAI hai jainI to raheMge, kauna sadA apamAna sahe / sapradAya parivarnanakI tayAriyAM cala raho thI / yuvaka isa dharmahaThase dukhI the / vRddhoMse anunaya vinaya kI 'tumheM to dharma DuvAnA hI hai| hamArI jindagI bhara to aMTAvana
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________________ saMsmaraNa bakhaso, ke sivA dUsarA jabAba hI na thA / yAda par3e bAbA-varNI / patra likhA ( mahAdevIjIne ), uttara milA "....dassA bhAiyoMke Upara jo dharma saMkaTa AyA par3hakara bahuta dukhI huA, vIsA bhAiyoMko ucita hai jo unheM pUjanAdi kAryameM koI bAdhA upasthita na kareM........merI hRdaya se sammati hai jo dassA samAjako vIsAkI taraha pUjanAdi karanemeM koI Apatti na honI caahie| jinake AcaraNameM kisI prakArakA doSa nahIM unheM pUjanase rokanA unakI jar3a hai ....bAbAjI mahArAjato udyoga karate hI hoMge kintu Apa bhI khataulI dassA samAjakI aorase aisA prayAsa karanA jisameM samAjakA patana na ho jAye / maiM to bahuta hI dukhI isa samAcArase hUM jo meraTha Adi prAnta ke bhAI zvetAmbara ho rahe haiN|" ise pAte hI bhrAnta dharma dhvajoMkI aAMkhe khulI aura tyAgamUrti bAbAjIkI upasthitameM dassA bhAiyoMkA sthitIkaraNa huA tathA uttara bhArata ko sAdharmI vAtsalyakA mArga milA / ___ svargIya paM0 gopAladAsa baraiyAne jaina dharmapara AkramaNa karane vAloMse zAstrArtha kiye the kintu dUsarI pIr3hI use na nibhA sakI / phalataH Arya samAjiyoM ke AkramaNa aura bar3he / isI samaya jaina samAja ke bhAgyase abhinava jaina zaMkarAcArya (paM0rAjendrakumArajI ) apane sAtha saMgha (di. jaina zAstrArtha saMgha) liye samAjake sAmane Aye / san, 33 meM khataulIpara vAra huaA aura saubhAgyase varNIjIke nAyakatvameM paM0 rAjendrakumArajIne aisA mArA ki kitane hI zAstrArthoM Arya samAjiyoMko hI vaidika dharmako samajhakara mAnanekI suujhii| pAnI par3anepara jaba vipakSake vidvAnoMne zAstrArtha sabhA sthagita karAnI cAhI taba "kaisA virAma, kaisA vizrAma, zAstrArtha cAhie, zAstrArtha lIjiye" zabda varNIjIke mukhase sunakara ve cakita raha gaye aura samajhe ki jaina dharma meM kaisA tapobala hai| __ saMmbhava nahIM ki hama bAbA-varNI ke pUre upakArAMkA smaraNa bhI kara sakeM / itanA hI jAnate haiM ki ve khataulIkI aAMkheM the, haiM aura raheMge / tyAgamUrti bAbAjIkI to abapuNyasmRti hI pathapradarzana karatI hai, kintu samAjake puNya pratApa se varNIjI Aja bhI hamAre masIhA haiM / ve cirAyu hoM aura hamArA mArga darzana karate raheM / mahAdevI khataulI ] bAbUlAla jaina unasaTha
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________________ inako gaNeza hama kaise kaheM ! (1) tanapara hai dharma dhUli khAsI, mRgachAla mahAvrata or3he haiM / jina-vRSa para haiM ArUr3ha, umA anubhUti se prItI jor3e haiM / tirasUla sadA ratnamaya le, sammeda zikhara-kailAza baseM / guruvara tava sacce mahAdeva, inako gaNeza hama kaise kaheM ? purUSArtha catuSTaya bhujA cAra zazikalA kIrti chavi chAyI hai| upadezAmRta pAvana gaGgA bhI vasudhA para Aja vahAyI hai| pI liyA kaSAya kaThina viSa ko zalya traya tripura bhI dhU dhU dahe gurUvara tava sacce mahAdeva inako gaNeza hama kaise kaheM ? ( 3) sujJAna sutIkSNa tRtIya netra -kI jyoti madanako dahatI hai| gala mAla bhujaGga parISaha haiM, oMnamaH sumaranI lasatI hai // sandeha nahIM zaGkara hI haiN| AbAla vRddha jaba yahI kaheM / guruvara tuma sacce mahAdeva / tumako gaNaza hama kaise kaheM ? syA0 vi0 kAzI] (vi0) narendra sATha
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________________ mahAn sacamuca mahAn tarkazAstra vidvAna kahate haiM ki kArya-kAraNa tathA pariNAma inameM paraspara bar3A ghaniSTha sambandha rahatA hai / eka sAhityika honeke nAte to maiM zAyada hI isapara vizvAsa kara sakatA kintu....| yaha eka kintu vigata kucha varSoMke itihAsake pRSTha khola kara rakha detA hai / smaraNa kara uThatA hUM ekAeka bar3oMkA vaha upadeza ki mahApuruSoMke darzana kadAcit vigata kaI janmoM ke puNyakarma svarUpa hI sulabha hote haiM / so ise apane saubhAgyakA maiM prathama caraNa hI abhI taka mAna sakA hUM ki jaba ati asvastha hone para bhI mujhe jaina hAIskUla sAgara meM eka zikSaka kI bhAMti jAnA par3A thA / yoM to pravAsa mere jIvanakA eka aMza rahA hai kintu san 1924 ke prArambha se hI mana meM pravAsake prati eka virakti sI ubhara uThI hai| phira bhI chattIsagar3ha chor3a kara jIvikA arjana ke hetu mujhe sAgara jAnA par3A / isa pravAsake pUrva sAgarake sambandha meM kaI bAteM sunA karatA thA / sAgarakI prAkRtika chaTA, vahAM kI svAsthyakara jalavAyu inake viSaya meM bahuta kucha suna cukA thA / ataeva rakhate hue mujhe sAgara meM hI rahanA rucikara evaM hitakara pratIta huA / apane hIna svAsthyakA khyAla taba mujhe yaha patA nahIM thA ki sAgarakA jaina samAja eka mahattva pUrNa mAtrA meM sAgara ke sArvajanika jIvanameM praveza kara gayA hai| to, eka prazna mere sAmane avazya thA maiM kAnyakubja kulotpanna brAhmaNa huuN| suna rakkhA thA 'na gacchet jaina mandiram', yAdi aura usake pratikUla maiM usI sthAna para cAkarI karane jA rahA thA / mere samAja vAloMko yaha bAta khaTaka gyii| lekina maiM svabhAvataH hI vidrohI rahA hUM guNa grahaNa karane meM maiMne rUr3hikA dhyAna kabhI nahIM kiyA / so jaina hAIskUla meM eka zikSakakI haisiyata se kArya zurU karaneke kucha samaya pazcAt hI yadA-kadA mere kAna meM morAjI saMskRta vidyAlaya ke vidyArthiyoM dvArA sambodhita zabda 'bAbAjI' par3a jAyA karate the| aura manameM yaha bhAvanA uThatI thI ki Akhira vaha kaunasA vyaktitva hai jo ina vidyArthiyoMke bIca 'bAbAjI' ke rUpameM sadaiva carcAkA viSaya bana jAtA hai ! jijJAsA yadyapi mana hI meM thI para ubharane lagI thii| phira eka dina jainasamAjake kucha vayaska vyaktiyoMko maiMne 'varNIjI' kA nAma lete sunA atyanta Adara evaM samucita zraddhA ke sAtha ! tatkSaNa merA mana duharA uThA -- bAbAjI, varNIjI ye donoM eka hI to nahIM haiM ! Akhira vaha kauna vyaktitva hai jo sampUrNa jainasamAjake dvArA itanI zraddhAke sAtha pUjanIya hai ! zrataeva eka dina saMskRta pAThazAlAke bhAI pannAlAlajIse maiMne isa sambandha meM prazna kiyA ekasaTha
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________________ varNI abhinandana-grantha unake uttarase mujhe jJAta huA ki ve jainasamAjakI eka mahAn zrAdaraNIya vibhUti haiM / virakta hote hue bhI janahitAya, loka maMgalakArI bhAvanAoMke prasArameM juTe hue haiM zikSA unakA priyatama viSaya hai| isa alpa paricayake balapara mere manakI kalpanA unake svarUpakA tAnA-bAnA bunane lagI kAphI vRddha hoMge, UMce pUre, zmazru-yukta, sAthameM anekoM vyakti hoMge, bar3I zAna ke sAtha rahate hoMge, vastroMkA sambhavataH tyAga kara diyA hogA, Adi-Adi / aisA hI kucha unakA kAlpanika svarUpa mere mana meM ubhara uThA thaa| aura usI samaya eka nahIM aneka prazna uTha par3e the| kyA ye vaise hI virakta sAdhuoM meM nahIM haiM jaise ki vartamAna kAlameM bhAratavarSa meM pAye jAte haiM ? isa jijJAsAkA bhalA kauna uttara de? navAgantuka athavA yoM kahie ki pravAsI hone ke nAte kisIse kucha pUMchanemeM hicaka lagatI thii| phira apane eka svajAtIya bandhuse uparokta prazna upasthita karane para mujhe uttara milA thA-acchA to kyA Apa bhI jaina dharmameM dikSita honA cAhate haiM ? saca kahUM, yaha uttara bar3A beDhaMgA sA lagA mujhe / kyA varNIjI ke bAremeM jAnanA eka anya jAtIya vyaktike lie gunAha hai ? kauna uttara detA ina praznoM kA ? phira janavarIke mahine meM mujhe sunaneko milA ki mArcameM varNIjI sAgara padhAra rahe haiM / yaha samAcAra mere lie atyanta upayogI siddha huaa| unakI anupasthitameM jainasamAjake zrAbAla vRddhakI akhaNDa niSThAko dekhakara mere manameM unake prati usa samaya aAdara to nahIM kutUhala avazya huA thA / kintu usI dina kakSAmeM par3hAte samaya jaba mere eka priya jaina chAtrane kahA ki mAsTara sAheba, varNAjI gayAse paidala pA rahe haiM / ve AvAgamanake Adhunika sAdhanoMkA prayoga nahIM karate aura na jatA hI pahanate haiM-taba jaise Apa hI Apa kisIne unake prati zraddhAkA bIja mere mana meM aMkurita kara diyA / mana ho mana aisI vibhUtike darzana ke lie vyAkula ho uThA thA maiM / isI bIca nagarake jainasamAjameM eka adbhuta jAgRtike lakSaNa mujhe dRSTigocara hue / vizAla paimAnepara tayAriyAM prAraMbha ho gayIM-mujhe lagA ki jaise kisI akhila bhAratIya saMsthAkA adhivezana hone jA rahA ho| aura isI prakAra dina vyatIta hote gaye-jaise jaise tayAriyAM bar3hatI gayIM vaise vaise merA mana Azcarya se bharatA gayA / kauna sA aisA vyaktitva hai ki jisake lie aisA zAhI prabandha ? kauna se aise vizeSa guNa haiM jinake kAraNa ye vizAla tayAriyAM ? ho sakatA hai. .... nahIM, nahIM, hogA koI parama pAvana zrAdarza vyaktitva ! hogI nizcaya hI koI mahAn preraka vibhUti ! tabhI; tabhI to yaha saba kucha ho rahA hai| .. eka dina saMdhyAkAla yaha sunaneko milA ki varNIjI nikaTastha grAmameM A gaye haiM aura bAsaTha
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________________ saMsmaraNa prAtaHkAla ve nagarameM praveza kreNge| bacapanase rASTrIya pravRtti mujhameM pradhAna rahI hai, ataeva sabhA, Ayojana AdimeM sadaiva jAyA karatA thA / usI dRSTikoNase prAtaHkAlako lagabhaga ATha baje maiMne samajha rakkhA thaa| so dUsare dina ATha bajeke lagabhaga jaba maiM apane eka mitrake sAtha usa sthAna para pahuMcA jahAM unakA svAgata honeko thA to patA calA ki sUryakI prathama razmiyoMke sAtha hI ve usa sthAnase cala par3e the| samayakI yaha niyamita pAbandI viraloMmeM hI pAyI jAtI hai / parokSarUpase unake isa prathama guNane mujhe AkarSita kiyA / khaira, bar3ha cale Age, aura hIrA Ayala milsake pAsa maiMne dekhA vizAla jana samUha-tila rakhenekI jagaha nahIM / 'varNIjIkI jaya' kI dhvani pra:yeka konemeM gUMja rahI thii| aura merI AMkheM cupa cApa vikalatAse khoja rahI thI, usa mahAna vyaktitvako / kucha minaTa aura, .....aura maiMne dekhA sapheda cAdara lapeTe eka choTe kadakA zyAmala vyakti naMge paira bar3I tejIke sAtha mIlake pravezadvArase nikala kara Age bar3ha gyaa--| sirapara kucha zveta keza, nayanoMmeM eka apUrva jyoti, haMsatA huA ceharA, AjAnu bAhu, rakta kamala sI htheliyaaN| vizAla janarAzi pAgala ho kara cillA uThI-'varNIjIkI jy'| usa mahAn vibhUtike do jur3e hue hAtha Upara uTha gaye..... ..............to yahI varNIjI haiM ! aura manameM koI bola uThA-'mahAn sacamuca mahAn !' vaha eka jhalaka thI lekina aisI jhalaka jo dilameM ghara kara gayI ho, jIvana bharako apanI amiTa chApa chor3a gayI / 'sAdA rahanA ucca vicAra' yaha bhAratIya Adarza jaise vaNIjIke vyaktitvameM mUrtimanta ho uThA thaa| merA mana eka nahIM kaI bAra usa 'jaya-dhvani' ko duharA gyaa| kavi hote hue bhI maiMne nara-kAvya nahIM kiyA / lekina usa dina madhyAnhameM jaise kisIne mere kaviko prerita kara diyA unake prati zraddhAMjali pragaTa karaneke lie / aura Apa hI Apa kucha paMktiyAM kAgaja para ubhara uThI thIM / usI dina bahuta nikaTase unheM dekhanekA maukA milaa| maiMne sunA ve kaha rahe the, 'Aja eka vRddhAne mujhe yaha eka rupayA diyA hai / zikSA ke prasAra hetu mujhe eka lAkha rupayA caahiye"| aura phakIrakI cAdara phaila gayI / adhika dera nahIM lagI, eka lAkhake vacana prApta ho gye| maiM soca rahA thA-kauna sA jAdU isa vyakti ne jainasamAja para DAla diyA hai ? manane uttara diyA-tyAga. tapasyA aura nisvArtha sevA / hAM, sacamuca ye varNIjIke sevA-pathake jyoti-stambha haiM / phira sunaneko milA 'AjAda hinda phauja ke lie. eka sabhAkA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| logoMse dAna denekI apIla kI gyii| sAdhu varNIjIke pAsa kyA thA ? phira bhI unhoMne apanI cAdara utAra kara meM denekI ghoSaNA kI / aura yaha saba par3ha kara merA mana kaha rahA thA-- kAza hamArA sAdhu samAja yadi aisA hI ho pAtA to jAne Aja bhArata kahAM rhtaa| vIjIke isa svalpa paricayane manakI utkaMThA baDhA dii| unake bigata jIvanase maiMne paricaya tresaTha
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________________ varNI- zrabhinandana grantha ! prApta kiyaa| janmanA ve eka ajaina hai kintu karmaNA ve jainasamAjake Adarza hai| jainasamA meM sacamuca zikSAkA bhArI abhAva hai ne usa samAjakI kamajorIko pahacAna kara use dUra karane kA vrata le liyA / phalasvarUpa Aja banArasa, kaTanI, jabalapura, damoha, sa.gara Adi aneka sthAnoM meM aneka saMsthAeM cala rahI haiN| ajaina hote hue bhI apanI tapasyA evaM uddezyako pavitratA ke bala para ve jainasamAjake Adarza manonIta hue pUjya aura mahAna hokara bhI ve vyavahArameM sAdhAraNa mAnavakI bhAMti ho rahe sacamuca yaha unakI mahAnatA hai / | saca kahUM to Aja taka bahuta hI kama maiM kisI dhArmika vibhUtike prati AkarSita ho sakA, kintu varNIjIke svalpa darzanane merI dhAraNA meM parivartana kara diyA aura Aja bhI mana socane lagatA hai ki dharma kSetrameM yadi aise hI kucha aura bhAratamAtA ke sapUta paidA hue hote to Aja hama bhAratIya na jAne unnati ke kisa ucca zikhara para pahuMca gaye hote / rAyapura ] causaTha - ( paM0 ) svarAjyaprasAda trivedI, bI0 e0, sampAdaka 'mahAkozala'
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________________ vIra kI dena -x yauvanake prastara khaNDoMmeM nirjhara bana bahanA sikhlaayaa| dAnavatA ko cIra sahRdayatA kA hamako pATha par3hAyA // rAjAoMke siMhAsana ko janatAkA pratinidhi batalAyA / gaganacumbinI jvAlamAlameM jagahita jalanA hameM sikhaayaa|| satya ahiMsA hI jIvana kA ziva suMdara sandeza sunaayaa| do-virodha kI pratidvaMdvinI mAyA ko sikatA samajhAyA // anekAnta samadRSTi hamArI eka dhyeya ho eka hamArA / nyAya bane anyAya kahIM to kevala ho pratikAra hamArA // mRga DhUr3he banameM kastUrI tuma to bano na yoM dIvAne / mAnava vaha jo mAnavatA sA ratna jauharI bana pahicAne // tamastoma meM chipI cAMdanI priyatama se duharAyA krtii| kahAM vIra ke patita pUta ratnatraya ? kaha akulAyA karatI // tAre kyA haiM usI cA~danI kI AMkhoM kI muktA maalaa| aMdhakAra hai dhUmra aura AvirbhAvaka hai antarjAlA // jainamandiroM meM musakAyA karatI nirmalatA kI dhArA / nija upAsakoM kA nivAsa zimalA pAyA vaibhava kI kArA // kahAM dharma kI Ana kahAM akalaGka aura nikalaGka pujaarii| kahAM dharmabandhutva aura vaha kahAM prema ke Aja bhikhArI / / vaibhava bolA karuNA svara meM mandira mama sone kI kArA paMcabhUta meM hama vilIna haiM aura yahI astittva hamArA / syA0 vidyA0 kAzI]-- -hIrAlAla pANDe, sAhityAcArya, bI. e. paiMsaTha
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________________ bundelakhaNDaM sadguru zrIvarNI cayasyAraNyeSu zArdUlA, narasiMhAH pureSu ca / vasanti tatpriyaM bhAti, vindhyelA (bundelA) maNDalaM bhuvi // 1 // naisagikI yatra kavitvazakti-vilokyate grAmyajaneSvapUrvA / upAttavidyA yadi 'kAvyavittA, bhavanti tatrAsti kimatra citram / / 2 / / sarvatra labhya madhuraiH payobhi-ranokahaiH puSpaphaladdhipUrNaiH / hRdyazca sAtmyaiH ziziraiH samArai-vibhAtyasau deshmnnirdnni':||3|| girivraja runnatasAnumadbhiryA rakSyate rakSisamai rajasram / du meSu yasyA vividhA vihaGgAH, kUjanti sA cAru dazArNabhUmiH / / 4 / / anyeSu dezeSu janA vyathante, divAnizaM prApya nidAdhakAlam / saMjAyate kintu dazArNabhUmau vibhAvarIyaM zizirA tadApi / / 5 / / *vanyopasargAn bahuduHkhapUrNAn, zRNmaH paThAmazca paratra deshe| etaizca bhUkampanibhairna kintu, pIDA bhavatyatra dazArNadeze / / 6 / / ya vIkSita pratyaha mAvrajanti dezAdvidezAcca janA anke| revAprapAtaH sa hi dhUmadhAraH satyaM dazANe ramaNIya vastu / / 7 / / carmaNvatI, vetravatI, dazArNA, zrIpArvatI, sindhu, klindknyaaH| zrIToMsa, revA, jamanAra, kenAH, siMcanti nIra vimala rdazArNam / / 8 / / prasAdamAdhuryaguNopapetA, gItaprabandhAH pracurAzca zabdAH / milanti yasyAM jananInibhAM tAM, vindhyelabhASAmanizaM namAmi // 9 // tulsI, vihArI, "raidhU kavIzAH, zrImaithilI, kezavadAsatulyAH / ake hi yasyA nitarAM vibhAnti sarasvatI sA saphalaiva ytr||10|| yasya pratApatapanAt kila zatruvargo, ghUkopamaH samabhavad giriga hvarasthaH / vIrAgraNI: subhaTasaMstuta yuddhakArI, yatrAbhavajjanamato nRpatuGga dhuGgaH // 11 // yasyaiva pAveM bhaTavaryamAnyA, AlhAdivIrAH subhaTA balADhyAH / Asana sa bhUtyA jagati prasiddho, babhUva devaH paramadi ratra / / 12 / / kIrtyA mahatyA saha karmaniSThaH pratApasaMtApita vairivrgH| svayaM guNI san guNinAJca bhaktaH zrIchatrasAlo'jani yatra bhUpaH // 13 // suvarNadAnasya katheha loke, naiva zrutA kena janena yasya ? sa vIravaryo nRpavIrasiMho, vindhyelabhAle tilakena tulyaH / / 14 / / mAteva rakSAM paritaH prajAnAM vidhAya yAjau nijaghAna zatrun / durgAvatI sA puruSAtivIrA babhUva yatra tripurI-prazAstrI / / 15 / / janeSu yasyAsti vizAlakIrti-dhaneSu dAne ca kuberatulyaH / "AhAradAnezvara" ityupAdhi-vibhUSito devapatiH subhavyaH / / 16 / / 1 kavi karmaNi prasiddhAH,2 vindhyelakhaNDasya prAcIna nAma, 3 praharika tulyaH, 4 bhASAyAM vAr3ha iti| 5 raidhU devagar3ha-nivAsI prAkRta bhASAyAH mahAkaviH / 6 bhASAyAM paramAla iti| chayAsaTha
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________________ bundelakhaNDaM sadguru zrIvarNI ca ajAyatAtraiva dazANadeze, vipannalokasya shrnnybhuute| satyaM hi loke sukRtAgrabhAjAM, syAjjanmanA kSetramapi prazastam (yAmam) // 17 / / AhArakSetra pratimAsu yasya, supATava hRSyati bIkSya cetaH / sa pappaTo murtikalAvidagdho, dazArNaratneSu na pazcimaH syAt / / 18 / / svAtantryamUrtiH kulajAvareNyA, lakSmI' bhavAnIva vicitravIryA / pradarzayAmAsa kRpANahastA, svAtaMtryamArga sukhadaM yadIyA // 19 / / patra pratApe kila siMhanAda, yasyAlabhanta pratibaddhalokAH / krAnte vidhAtA sa hi rASTravIro, vindhye lavAsI jayatAdgaNeza": / / 20 / / atrAkaro'pyasti mahAmaNInA-manekapAnAM janikAnanaJca / vyAyAmiko vizvajayI sa gAmA prApnoti janmAtra dazArNadeze // 21 // suvarNa, devavraja, citrakUTa, cedi, prapaurA, khajurAha, nainAH / tIrthAlayA yatra vinaSTapApAH santi, priyo'sau satataM dazArNaH / / 22 / / ayaM mumukSurviduSAM vareNyo, gaNezapUrvo jayatAtprasAdaH / jyotiSmatA tyAgabalena yena, prabhAvihIna vibhavaM praNItam // 23 // atulyarUpA prakRti gariSThA, yathArtharUpA ca vinodamAtrA-- atrAsti, zikSA sadazI tathaiva, cetahi nUnaM tridivo dazArNaH / / 24 / / svadeza bhaktyeti vicintya pUrva, tvayeha sarvatra 'vibodhasaMsthAH / saMsthApitA lokahitaGkareNa, pratyakSarUpANi phalAni yAsAm // 25 / / pAzcAtyazikSA khalu zikSyacitte, bhogAdhikAradvayameva dhatte / pUrvIyazikSA viparItamasmAt, tyAgena sAkaM kila karmayogam / / 26 / / itthaM vicintyaiva dayArdracetasA, pUrvIyazikSA bhavatAdRtA bhRzam / tasyAH pracAro'pi samarthavAcayA', prAnte samaste bhavatA vidhIyate // 27 // tvajjanmadAnena janAya kinna, dattaM dazANana sUvRddhidAnin ??? / ahaM kRtajJo bhazamevamIpse, nityaM bhavette vayasaH suvatiH // 28 // zrutena zAlI, tapasAMca mUrti-vindhyelakhaNDasya vibhUtirUpaH / vidvatpriyazcArutara svabhAva-stvatkIrtimitthaM guNino gadanti / / 29 / / yadyasti kicinnanu daivayogA-mAdhurya miSTaM sumate ! ! ! phale'smin / tatrAsti satya kRtinastavaiva, pUrNoM guNo he gururUpazAkhin ! ! ! // 30 // sadgurostasya mAhAtmyaM kimanyadvarNyate'dhikam / tuccho'pi zIkaro yasmAjjAyate sindhusannibhaH // 31 // maharaunI -(paM0) govindarAya, zAstrI kAvyatIrtha 1 akabara sainikAn 2 devapati kheDpatiriti nAmnA prasiddhaH / 3 jhAMsI nagarasya rAjJI 4 zikSitajanAH 5 muMgAvalInivAsI kAnapurapravAsI gaNezazaMkara vidyArthI / 6 pannArAjye hIrakakhani rojAnAmutpattivanaJca vidyate / 7 atratya datiyAnagare 8 vidyAlayAH 9 halantAnAM zabdAnAmAvantatva svIkArAd yathA vAcA nizA dishaa| sar3asaTha
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________________ jnyii juks va prAmAti 4 44vasAya zika cya va seoseogeul yeosiseom ssyik yA cAru le 29 mA CI UIT syA ra | 4 yA cArulekha mahitA zazi rucya varmA, ramyA ramA janamanaH jayati svbhaasaa| sA bhAvabhAsita rasA mati majulAbhA, prabhAti bhAsvaraguNAmara vaNi vANI // bar3auta-- -(prA.) rAjakumAra, siddhAntazAstrI, sAhityAcArya ar3asaTha
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________________ darzana-dharma
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________________ aAstinAstivAda zrI DAkTara pro0 e0 cakravartI astinAstivAdako jaina tattvajJAnakI AdhArazilA kahA jA sakatA hai / tathApi yahI vaha jaina mAnyatA hai jise durbhAgyavaza adhikAMza ajaina vidvAnoMne ThIka nahIM samajhA hai| jainetara vidvAnoMko yaha saralatAse svIkAra karanA kaThina hotA hai ki eka hI sat vastumeM do paraspara virodhI avasthAeM eka sAtha saMbhava ho sakatI haiM / ApAtataH yaha asaMbhava hai / prakRtike kisI padArthake viSayameM "hai, nahIM hai" kaise kahA jA sakatA hai / aisA kathana sahaja hI bhrAmaka pratIta hotA hai ataeva jainetara vicAraka bahudhA kahA karate haiM ki 'astinAstivAda' jaina tattvajJAnakI bar3I bhArI durbalatA hai| zrI zaMkarAcArya aura rAmAnujAcArya aise diggajoMne bhI ise ThIka grahaNa karanekA prayatna nahIM kiyA aura 'pAgalakA pralApa' kahakara isakI avahelanA kara dI / ataeva jaina vAGmayake jijJAsukA kartavya ho jAtA hai ki isa siddhAntako svayaM sAvadhAnIse spaSTa samajhe aura isakA aisA pratipAdana kare ki 'zrAbAla gopAla' bhI ise samajha sakeM / paribhASA kisI bhI vAstavika padArthake viSayameM 'asti' hai tathA 'nAsti' nahIM ke vyavahArako hI astinAstivAda kahate haiM / jainAcAryoMne yaha kabhI, kahIM nahIM likhA hai ki eka hI padArthakA do paraspara virodhI dRSTiyoMse nirmaryAda rUpase kathana kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina astinAstivAdase kevala itanA hI tAtparya hai ki eka dRSTise kisI padArthako 'hai' kahA jAtA hai aura dUsarI dRSTikI apekSA use hI 'nahIM' kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra jainAcAryoMne tattvajJAnake gahana siddhAntoMkI vyAkhyAmeM bhI vyAvahArikatAse kAma liyA hai| eka caukIko lIjiye -yaha sAdhAraNa lakar3Ise banI hokara bhI aisI raMgI jA sakatI hai ki gulAbakI lakaDIse banI pratIta ho / ApAtataH jo grAhaka use kharIdanA cAhegA vaha ThIka mUlya samajhaneke lie yaha jAnanA hI cAhegA ki vAstavameM vaha kisa lakar3Ise banI hai| yadi vaha bAhya rUpapara vizvAsa karegA to adhika mUlya degA / ataeva vaha isa viSayake kisI vizeSajJase pUchegA ki kyA vaha caukI gulAbakI lakar3I kI hai / vizeSajJakA uttara nizcayase 'nahIM' hI hogaa| bAhyarUpa gulAbakA honepara bhI caukI gulAbakI to hai nahIM, raMga to putAyIke kAraNa hai jo ki lakar3IkA vAstavika rUpa chipAne ke lie kiyA gayA hai| phalataH vizeSajJa isa bAtako puSTa karegA ki caukI gulAbakI nahIM hai| lakar3IkI vAstavikatAko prakaTa karaneke
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha lie yadi vizeSajJa caukIke kisI koneko kharoMca degA to spaSTa ho jAyagA ki caukI kisI sAdhAraNa lakar3IkI hai / taba grAhakako vizeSajJase apane praznakA ThIka uttara mila jAyagA ki caukI aAmakI sAdhAraNa lakar3Ise banI hai ! isa prakAra eka hI caukIke viSayameM do kathana-eka niSedhAtmaka (gulAbakI lakar3IkI nahIM hai ) aura dUsarA vidhyAtmaka ( aAmakI lakar3IkI hai )-sarvathA nyAyya aura satya hai / arthAt jaba hama jAnanA cAheM 'kyA yaha caukI vAstavameM gulAbakI hai ?' to 'nahIM' uttara satya hai, tathA vAstava meM kisa lakar3IkI banI hai ? isakA uttara cAheM taba 'zrAmakI haiM' satya hai / ataH kaha sakate haiM ki niSedhAtmaka dRSTikA udaya taba hI hotA hai jaba vastumeM parakI apekSAse kathana hotA hai / vAstavameM lakar3I to AmakI hai kintu jisakI apekSA nahIM kahA gayA hai vaha gulAbakI lakar3I caukose para (anya ) hai| isI sthitiko jainAcAryoMne nizcita zabdAvali dvArA vyakta kiyA hai| sva aura para ___ do virodhI dRSTiyoMmeM 'svadravya' yAnI apanepanakI apekSA vidhidRSTi nyAyya hai tathA 'para dravya' yAnI dUsarepanako lekara niSedhadRSTi bhI satya hai / isake aneka udAharaNa diye jA sakate haiM- hamAre pAsa zuddha sone kA gahanA hai / prazna hotA haiM 'gahanA kisa vastukA hai ? ThIka uttara hogA 'sone kA' / yadi yahI gahanA azuddha sonekA hotA to uttara hotA 'nahIM, yaha sone kA nahIM hai| yahAM para bhI svadravya-zuddha sone-kI apekSA vidhidRSTi hai, para dravya nakalI sone-kI apekSA niSedhadRSTi hai| isI prakAra jaba Apa jAnanA cAhate haiM ki ApakI gAya gauzAlAmeM hai yA nhiiN| naukarase pUMchA; gAya kahAM hai ? yadi gAya gauzAlAmeM huI to, usakA uttara vidhirUpa hogA / yadi aisA na huaA to niSedharUpa hogA vaha uttara de gA gauzAlAmeM gAya nahIM hai| yadi gvAlA use carAne le gayA hogA to gauzAlAkI apekSA niSedhAtmaka dRSTi hI satya hogii| kintu yadi jijJAsA ho ki kyA gAya hAra ( maidAna) meM hai ? to uttara vidhirUpa hI hogA; kyoMki gAya hArameM cara rahI hai aura gozAlAmeM baMdhI nahIM hai| isa prakAra kisI bhI vastuke dRSTAnta diye jA sakate haiN| hama kisI pustakako khojate haiM, vaha pustakoMkI peTImeM nahIM hai taba hameM yahI kahanA hogA "pustaka peTImeM nahIM hai|" aura yadi peTImeM ho to "hAM, hai" yahI uttara hogaa| kSetra aitihAsika ghaTanAoMkI satya prAmANikatA apane sthAnakI apekSA hotI hai| jaise zatakratu (Socrates ) etheniyana dArzanika thaa| yaha vidhyAtmika dRSTi satya hai kyoMki itihAsa prasiddha dArzanika zatakratu ethenameM rahatA thaa| kintu yadi koI anveSaka kahe 'zatakratu romana dArzanika thA' to yaha vAkya asatya hogA kyoMki zatakratukA romase kabhI koI sambandha nahIM rahA hai| isake lie hI nizcita zAstrIya zabda 'kSetra' hai / kisI sat vastuke viSayameM koI vizeSa dRSTi 'svakSetra' (apane sthAna ) kI apekSA satya hai aura
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________________ zrasti nAstivAda parakSetra ( dUsare sthAna yA AdhAra ) kI apekSA niSedha dRSTi kAryakArI hai| jaise uparilikhita dRSTAnta meM ethena zatakratukA svakSetra hai aura roma parakSetra hai / kAla isI prakAra eka hI sat vastuko lekara kAlakI apekSA do paraspara virodhI dRSTiyAM ho sakatI haiM / koI bhI aitihAsika ghaTanA apane samayakI apekSA satya hogI / yadi koI kahe khAravela 19 vIM zatI meM liMgakA rAjA thA to yaha kathana itihAsa viruddha hogA, kAraNa, khAravela 19 vIM zatImeM nahIM huA hai 1 . isI prakAra yadi koI kahe zatakratu dArzanika 4 thI zatI meM grIsa meM huA thA to yaha asatya kathana hogA | vaha IsAkI 4 thI zatImeM nahIM huA yaha niSedhAtmaka kathana utanA hI prAmANika hogA jitanA ki vaha IsA pUrva 4 thI zatI meM huA thA yaha vidhyAtmaka kathana satya hai / isa prakAra ke dRSTi bhedake kAraNako zAstra meM nizcita zabda 'kAla' dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai / koI bhI aitihAsika tathya 'svakAla' kI apekSA vidhyAtmaka dRSTikA viSaya hotA hai aura 'parakAla' kI apekSA niSedha pakSa meM par3a jAtA hai / bhAva yahI vasthA kisI bhI sat vastuke AkAra ( bhAva ) kI hai; apane AkAra vizeSake kAraNa use hai yA nahIM kahA jA sakatA haiN| jalake kathana ke samaya Apa use drava yA ghana rUpase hI kaha sakate haiM / hima jalakA ghana rUpa hai / yadi koI himake rUpameM jalako kahanA cAhatA hai to use yahI kahanA hogA ki 'svabhAva' kI apekSA jala ghana hai / kintu yadi use tapAyA jAya to usakA AkAra (bhAva) badalakara tarala ho jAyagA / taba kahanA par3egA ki hima na drava hai aura na bhApa hai / svabhAvakI apekSA padArthakA kathana vidhi rUpase hotA hai aura parabhAvakI apekSA usakA hI varNana niSedhamaya hotA hai / kahA hI jAtA hai ki hima na drava hai, na vASpa hai aura na kuharA hai kyoMki vaktAkA uddezya jalake ghanarUpase hI hai / vyAkhyA ye cAroM dRSTiyAM astinAstivAdake mUla AdhAra haiN| svadravya, svakSetra, svakAla tathA svabhAvakI apekSA kisI bhI padArthakA vidhi rUpase kathana kiyA jAtA hai / tathA vahI vastu paradravya, parakSetra, parakAla aura parabhAva kI apekSA pUrNa prAmANikatA pUrvaka niSedha rUpase kahI jAtI hai / jaba sthiti ko isa prakAra samajhA jAtA hai to spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kyoM eka hI padArtha ke viSayameM vidhidRSTi satya hotI hai tathA usI prakAra niSedha dRSTi bhI kAryakArI hotI hai / isameM na bhrAntikI sambhAvanA hai aura na tattvajJAna sambandhI koI rahasyamaya gutthI hI sulajhAnekA prazna uThatA hai| hama sahaja hI kaha sakate haiM ki yaha jJAnapraNAlI itanI sarva- zrAcarita hokara bhI na jAne kyoM bar3e bar3e vicArakoMko bhalI bhAMti samajhameM nahIM AyI aura isameM unheM anizcaya tathA bhrAnti dikhe / yaha satya hai ki yaha siddhAnta vAstavika padArthoM ke jJAnameM hI sAdhaka hai 5
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha ! yathA, gAyake sIMga hote haiM / kintu jaba vaha baliyA hotI hai taba to sIMga nahIM hote; ataH bachiyAke sIgoM kA kathana nahIM honA cAhiye / ataeva eka hI pazuke viSayameM kahA jAtA hai ki eka samaya isake sIMga nahIM the aura bAdameM isake sIMga ho gaye / isakI jIvanagAthAke kramase sIgoM kA niSedha tathA vidhi kI gayI hai / baliyA avasthA meM sIMga nahIM the, jaba bar3hakara gAya ho gayI to sIMga haiM / ataH zrApa kaha sakate haiM -- ' sIMga haiM' 'sIMga nahIM haiM' athavA epha hI gAyake sIgoM kI sattA kI vidhi tathA niSedha usakI vRddhikI apekSA karate haiM ataH hama ghor3e tathA zRgAla ke sIgoMkI bhI vidhi tathA niSedha kreNge| kiMtuaisA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, yadyapi aisI Apatti jaina vicArakoMke sAmane uThAyI jAtI hai:-yataH zrApa ekahI pazuke sogoM kI vidhi tathA niSedha karate haiM to kyA eka hI ghor3A yA zRgAlake sIMgoMkI bhI vidhi-niSedha kara sakeMge ? kintu pratipakSIkI yaha zaMkA nirAdhAra hai / ghor3e yA zRgAlake sIgoM kI sattA hI prasiddha hai ataH unakA vicAra sat vastuke samAna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / astinAstivAda saMsArake padArthoMkI vAstavika sthitikI apekSA hI prayukta hotA hai, kalpanA jagat isake pare hai / asat padArthoM meM isakA prayoga nahIM ho sakatA / saiNTaura athavA yUnIkorna' aise paurANika jantuoM kA vicAra bhI isake dvArA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / ataeva ukta prakArakI Apatti prasaMgika tathA vyartha hai / sApekSatA eka hI sat vastukA kathana paraspara virodhI nitya nityavAda, bheda-bhedavAda ke siddhAntoM ke anusAra karanA stinAstivAda ke hI samAna hai / ApAtata: paraspara virodhI honepara bhI nityAnityAdi dRSTiyoM kA prayoga ekahI vastumeM pakSabheda ko lekara hotA hai| svadravyakI apekSA koI bhI vastu nitya kahI jA sakatI hai, usI vastukI bhAvI paryAyavara dRSTi DAleM to use hI anitya kaha sakate haiN| sonekA eka gahanA (kaTaka) galAkara dUsarA gahanA (keyUra) bana jAtA hai arthAt isa sthitimeM nizcita hI kaTakako nitya kahanA hogA kyoMki sunAra svAmIkI icchAnusAra kabhI bhI ise galA sakatA hai aura isakI sattAko miTAsakatA hai / kintu sunArakI kuzalatA aura svAmI kI icchA sonekA sarvathA lopa nahIM kara skte| sonekA vinAza nahIM ho sakatA vaha sthAyI hai, ataH yahAM sone ko nitya kahanA hI pdd'egaa| ataH vyApaka dravya kI apekSA kisI bhI vastuko nitya kahate haiM tathA paryAya vizeSa kI apekSA se anitya hI kahanA par3atA hai / ataeva ukta prakArase eka hI padArtha meM nitya nitya dRSTiyAM prAmANika tathA kAryakArI hotI haiM / dravya-paryAya yaha dRSTi aura bhI vizada ho sakatI hai yadi hama vRkSa yA pazu aise kisI aMga aMga padArtha ko dekheM / bRkSakA jIvana vIjase prArambha hotA hai aura vaha jyoM-jyoM bar3hatA jAtA hai tyoM tyoM usameM parivartana hote jAte 1. paurANika jantu jo kamara ke nIce ghor3A aura Upara AdamI hotA hai| 2. paurANika azva daitya jisake zirapara eka sIMga hotA hai / 6
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________________ AstinAstivAda haiN| bIjase aMkura, aMkurase choTA paudhA, paudhese bar3hakara vRkSa hotA hai / pratyeka avasthAmeM vRddhi aura vikAsa hai tathA isake sAtha-sAtha pratyeka aMgake kArya meM parivartana bhI hai / yahAM ekahI aMgi vRkSameM satata parivartana hai kintu aMgi aparivartita aura avasthita hI rahatA hai| koI bhI jAmunakA vRkSa apanI saba paryAyoMko pUrNa karatA huA paripUrNa jAmuna vRkSa ho sakatA hai kintu apanI vRddhi ke samayameM aisA parivartana nahIM hI kara sakatA.ki akasmAt jAmunase aAmakA vRkSa ho jAya / dekhA jAtA hai ki Amake bIjase zrAma aura jAmunake bIjase jAmunakA hI vRkSa hotA hai / phalataH kaha sakate haiM ki pratyeka vastu apanI vRddhike kramase paryAeM badalakara bhI apane vizeSa vyApaka rUpako sthAyI rakhatI hai, jo ki asthAyI nahIM hotI hai / yadi jAmunakI vRddhi ruka jAya, naye aMkura na nikaleM, purAnI pattiyAM na gireM tathApi usake jIvanameM usa avasthA ko sthAyI rakhanekA prayatna hotA rhegaa| kintu sthAyitva prAptikA yaha prayatna bhI mRtyumeM pariNata ho jAtA hai / kyoMki yadi koI bhI sajIva aMgI jaba kisI vizeSa avasthAko sudRr3ha karanA cAhatA hai to yaha prayatna mRtyukA AmantraNa hI hotA hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki sajIva aMgImeM pratipala parivartana (paryAya) hote haiM, pratyeka paryAya pUrva tathA AgAmI paryAya se bhinna hotI hai tathApi aMgIkI ekatA sthAyI rahatI hai| vRddhikI prakriyA dvArA mUla prakRti nahIM badalI jA sakatI hai / phalataH eka hI vRkSake jIvanameM abheda ( ekatA ) aura bheda (viSamatA ) dekhate haiM / vAstava meM yahI vastu svabhAva hai jise jainAcAryoM ne ucita rUpase samajhA thaa| paryAlocana pratyeka sat vastumeM vyApaka tathA sthAyI rupase bheda yA parivartana hotA hai tathA saba paryAyoMmeM eka abheda sUtra bhI rahatA hai / padArthoM ke svabhAvakA hI yaha vaicitrya hai ki hama unheM astinAsti, bheda-abheda, nitya-anitya, Adi aisI paraspara virodhI dRSTiyoMse dekhate haiM / yaha maulika tattva dRSTi hI jaina-cintAkI AdhAra zilA hai tathA yahI jaina darzanako bhAratIya tathA yorupIya darzanoMse viziSTa banAtI hai| kisI bhAratIya darzanane ise aMgIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| pratyeka bhAratIya darzana vastu ke eka pakSako liye hai tathA anya pakSoM kI upekSA karake usIkA samarthana karatA hai / vedAnta brahmake nitya rUpakA hI pratipAdana karatA hai, use parivartanahIna nitya kahatA hai| isakA pratidvandI bauddha kSaNikavAda hai jo saba sat padArthoMko anitya hI kahatA hai tathA padArthoM meM vyApta ekatAkI upekSA karatA hai / bauddhake lie pratyeka padArtha kSaNika yA anitya hai,usake anusAra vastu eka kSaNameM utpanna hotI hai tathA dUsaremeM naSTa / unakI dRSTi se bAhya saMsAra yA antaraMga cetanAmeM aisI koI avasthA nahIM hai jo sthAyI yA nitya ho / eka pakSako pradhAna karake anya pakSoMke lopakI isa vicAradhArAko jainAcAryoM ne 'ekAntavAda' mAnA haiM tathA apanI kriyAko anekAntavAda ( saba pakSoMse vicAra ) kahA hai vastutaH asti nAstivAda sat padArthoM kA svabhAva haiM kyoMki pratyeka padArtha aneka guNa tathA paryAyoMkA samUha hai ataH use jAnaneke lie usake vividha pakSoM (aneka-antoM) ko
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jAnanA anivArya hai| isa vAstavika siddhAntakI upekSA karake yadi sat vastukA vivecana kiyA jAyagA to vahI hAla hogA jo usa hAthIkA huA thA jise aneka andhoMne jAnA thaa| tathA hAthIko khambhA, sUpA, biTA, Adi kahakara sarvathA vikRta kara diyA thaa| niSkarSa yadi padArthake jaTila svabhAvako ThIka tarahase jAnanA hai to use anekAnta dRSTi se hI dekhanA cAhiye / isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki tattvajJAnake lie jainadRSTi anya darzanoMkI apekSA adhika yuktisaMgata tathA vyApaka hai / anya darzanoMne eka nizcita sAMcA banA diyA hai jisameM DAlakara ve sata padArthoM ke jJAnako nicor3a lenA cAhate haiM / jisakI tulanA prakrisayina' palaMgase kI jA sakatI hai jisa para DAlakara ve satpadArtharUpI puruSake anya pakSarUpI aMgoMko kATanemeM nahIM sakucAte haiM; kyoMki aisA kiye vinA vaha ekAntake sAMcemeM nahIM AtA hai | isa prakAra padArthake aMgacchedako na vijJAna kahA jA sakatA hai na darzana; yaha to apane andhavizvAsakA durAgraha hI kahA jA sakatA hai jisakA udgama padArthoM kI ekarUpatAse hotA hai| yaha dRSTi tattvajJAnake viparIta hai yaha svayaM siddha hai| manuSyako vastu sthiti jAnanA hai, vastusthitiko icchAnukUla nahIM banAnA hai / isa dRSTi se vicAra karane para vizvake darzanoMmeM jarmana dArzanika hIgalakA dvandva siddhAnta hI jaina dRSTike nikaTa pahuMcatA hai / hIgalakI tattvajJAna dRSTi jainadRSTike samAna sI hai| usakA pakSa, pratipakSa tathA samanvayakA siddhAnta astinAstivAdase milatA julatA hai kyoMki vaha bhI virodhiyoMmeM ekatA yA bhedakA parihAra karatA hai| kintu anya bAtoMmeM hIgalakA AdarzavAda jaina tattvajJAnase sarvathA bhinna hai ataH isa eka siddhAntakI samatAke atirikta dUsarI kisI bhI samAnatAkA hama samarthana nahIM kara sakate / isa dArzanika prakriyAko hI hama dArzanika jJAnakA prakAra kaha sakate haiM jo ki vastu svabhAvake prakAzake lie upayukta tathA paryApta hai kyoMki sarvAGgasundara vastu svabhAva hI to jJAnakA sAdhya yA lakSya hai| isIlie jainAcAryoMne pratyeka tattvako jAnanemeM vyApaka siddhAMtakA saphala prayoga kiyA hai aura tattvajJAna prAptakA kiyA hai| 1. krazciyana purANoM meM prokraSTiyana' zayyA kA varNana hai jisapara leTate hI lambA AdamI kaTa kara tathA choTA AdamI khiMca kara palaMgake barAbara ho jAtA thA isIke AdhAra para balavat ghaTAne bar3hAne ke arthameM isa zabdakA prayoga hone lagA hai|
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________________ zabdanaya zrI paM0 kailAzacandra, siddhAntazAstrI prAstAvika itara darzanoMse jainadarzanoMmeM jo aneka viziSTa bAteM hai, unhImeM se naya bhI eka hai| yaha naya pramANakA hI bheda hai / svArtha aura parArthake bhedase pramANa do prakArakA mAnA gayA hai| matijJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna aura kevalajJAna svArtha pramANa haiM kyoM ki inake dvArA jJAtA svayaM hI jAna sakatA hai| kintu zrutajJAna svArtha bhI hotA hai aura parArtha bhI hotA hai / jo jJAnAtmaka zruta hai vaha svArthaM pramANa hai aura jo vacanAtmaka zruta hai vaha parArtha pramANa hai| jJAnAtmaka zrutase jJAtA svayaM jAnatA hai aura vacanAtmaka zrutase dUsaroMko jJAna karAtA hai| usI zruta pramANake bheda naya haiM / nayakA lakSaNa dravya paryAyAtmaka vastuke jAnane vAle jJAnako pramANa kahate haiM / aura kevala dravya dRSTi yA kevala paryAyadRSTise vastuke jAnane vAle jJAnako naya kahate haiM / isIse nayake do mUla bheda haiM-dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika / dravyArthika nayake tIna bheda haiM--naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra / tathA payArthika nayake cAra bheda haiM -RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta / ina sAta nayoMmeM se zurUke tona nayoMko arthanaya aura zeSa cAra nayoMko zabdanaya bho kahate haiM kyoMki ve kramazaH artha aura zabdakI pradhAnatAse vastuko grahaNa karate haiM / eka bAra mere eka vidvAn mitrane nayoMke ukta sAta bhedoMmeM se pAMcaveM bheda zabdanayake lakSaNa kI ora merA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA / unakA patra par3hakara mujhe isa dizAmeM khoja karane kI utsukatA huI / aneka granthoMke dekhanese mujhe mAlUma huA ki zabdanayake lakSaNako lekara kucha TIkAkAroMmeM matabheda hai / vidvAnoMse pUchA gayA to ve bhI isa viSayameM ekamata na the / ataH pUrvAcAryoMke vacanoMkA AloDana karake kucha niSkarSa nikAlanA hI ucita pratIta huaa| prazna aura samAdhAna mitrakA prazna thA ki zabdanaya vyAkaraNa siddha prayogoMkA anusaraNa karatA hai yA nahIM? aneka
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha digambara tathA zvetAmbara granthoMke AloDanake bAda maiM isa nirNaya para pahuMcA hUM ki, zabdanaya vyAkaraNa siddha prayogoMkA anusaraNa to karatA hai kintu ekAntavAdI vaiyAkaraNoMkA anusaraNa nahIM karatA / zabdArtha mImAMsA-- isa nirNayakI mImAMsA karaneke lie zabdazAstra ke sambandha meM kucha kahanA Avazyaka hai / saMsArameM do vastue~ mukhya haiM-- artha aura zabda / ina donoMko kramazaH vAcya aura vAcaka kahate haiM / hama jitane athako dekhate haiM unake vAcaka zabdoM ko bhI sunate hI haiN| artha to ho kintu usakA vAcaka zabda na ho, yaha Aja taka na to dekhA gayA aura na sunA gayA / zrAjakala jitane zrAviSkAra hote haiM unakA nAma pahale se hI nirdhArita kara liyA jAtA hai / sArAMza yaha; ki saMsArameM koI cIja vinA nAmakI nahIM hai, isIse dArzanika kSetrameM prattyeka darzanake mUlatattva artha na kahe jAkara padArtha kahe jAte haiM / madhyayugake dArzanika TIkAkAroMmeM yaha eka niyama sA ho gayA thA ki granthake prArambha meM zabdArtha sambandhakI mImAMsA karanA Avazyaka hai / zabda aura arthake isa pArasparika sahabhAvane 'advaita' kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA jo zabdAdvaitake nAmase khyAta huA / pANini vyAkaraNa ke racayitA zrAcArya pANinike nAma para ise pariNanidarzana bhI kahA jAtA hai / jaise advaitavAdI vedAntI dRzyamAna saMsArake bhedako 'mAyAvAda' kahakara ur3A dete haiM usI prakAra zabdAdvaitavAdI vaiyAkaraNoM kA mata hai ki ghaTa, paTa, Adi zabda eka advaita tattvakA hI pratipAdana karate haiM / dRzyamAna ghaTa, paTa, Adi artha to upAdhiyAM haiM; asatya haiN| jaisA ki kahA hai 'satyaM vastu tadAkArai rasatyairavadhAryate / asatyopAdhimiH zabdaiH satyamevAbhidhIyate // ' pANinIkA mata yadyapi saba zabda eka advaitatattvakA hI pratipAdana laukika vAcya mAnanA hI par3atA hai, ataH pANini mAnate haiM / ( sarvadarzana saMgraha - pANini darzana ) karate haiM phira vyavahArake liye zabdoM kA vyakti aura jAtiko padakA artha padArtha pANinike mata anusAra eka zabda eka hI vyaktikA kathana karatA hai, ataH yadi hameM bahuta se vyaktiyoMkA bodha karAnA ho to bahutase zabdoM kA prayoga karake "sarUpANAmekazeSa eka vibhaktau " (1-2-64) sUtrake anusAra eka zeSa kiyA jAtA hai| jaise yadi bahutase vRkSoMkA nirdeza karanA ho to vRkSa, vRkSa, vRkSa meM se rUka hI zeSa raha jAtA hai aura usameM bahuvacanakA bodhaka pratyaya lagAkara 'vRkSAH' rUpa banatA 10 1 kiM punarAkRtiH padArthaH ahostrid dravyam ? ubhayamityAha / kathaM jJAyate ? ubhayathA hi AcAryeNa sUtrANi paThitAni AkRtiM padArthaM matvA 'jAtyAkhyAyAmekasmin bahuvacanama-vyatarasyAm' ityucyate dravyaM padArthaM matvA 'sarUpANAm' iti eka zeSa Aramyate / pAtaJjala mahAbhASya pR0 52-53 /
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________________ zabdanaya hai kintu yadi jAtikA nirdeza karanA ho to eka vacanameM bhI kAma cala sakatA hai| yaha ekAntavAdI vaiyAkaraNoMkA mata hai / aba anekAntavAdI vaiyAkaraNoMke matakA bhI digdarzana kIjiye / jaina vaiyAkaraNoMkA mata jainendra vyAkaraNake racayitA prAcArya pUjyapAda apane vyAkaraNakA prArambha 'siddhiranekAntAt' sUtrase karate haiM / haima-zabdAnuzAsanake racayitA zvetAmbarAcArya hemacandrane bhI 'siddhiH syAdvAdAt' sUtrako prathama sthAna dekara pUjyapAdakA anusaraNa kiyA hai jo sarvathA stutya hai / ina zrAcAryoMkA mata hai ki anekAntake vinA zabdakI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI, eka hI zabdakA kabhI vizeSaNa honA, kabhI vizeSya honA, kabhI puliMgameM vyapadeza honA, kabhI strIliGgameM kahA jAnA, kabhI karaNameM prayoga karanA, kabhI karnAmeM prayoga honA, Adi parivartana ekAntavAdameM nahIM ho sakate / isIlie zabdanayakA varNana karate hue akalaMka devane likhAhai-'ki ekAntavAdameM SaTkArakI nahIM bana sakatI / jaise pramANa ananta dharmAtmaka vastukA bodhaka hai ataH usakA viSaya sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu kahI jAtI hai, isI taraha zabda bhI ananta dharmAtmaka vastukA vAcaka hai ataH usakA vAcya na kevala vyakti hai aura na kevala jAti kintu jAti vyaktyAtmaka yA sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu zabdakA vAcya hai / yaha anekAntavAdakI dRSTi hai / ataH pANinine vyakti aura jAtiko svataMtra rUpase padakA artha mAnakara jo 'eka zeSa' kA niyama pracalita kiyA, pUjyapAda usakI koI zrAvazyakatA nahIM samajhate / ve likhate haiM-zabda svabhAvase hI eka do yA bahuta vyaktiyoMkA kathana karatA hai ataH eka zeSakI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / pANini aura pUjyapAdake isa matabhedase yaha na samajha lenA cAhiye ki donoMke siddha prayogoMmeM bhI kucha antara par3atA hai| zabda siddhi meM matabheda hote hue bhI donoMke siddha prayogoMmeM koI antara nahIM hai| zabdakA jaisA rUpa ekAntavAdI vaiyAkaraNa siddha karate haiM vaisA hI anekAntavAdI siddha karate haiM kevala dRSTikA antara hai / isa dRSTi vaiSamyako dUra karaneke lie hI zabdanayakI sRSTi huI hai / itara vaiyAkaraNa vAcya-vAcaka sambandhako mAnakara bhI donoMko svataMtra mAnate haiM / vAcakake 1-ekasyaiva hasta dIghAdi vidhayo'nekakAraka sannipAtaH sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM vizeSaNa vizeSyabhAvAdayazca syAdvAda mantareNa nopapadyate" / siddha haim0| 2-'tannaikAnte SaTakArakI vyavatichata' / nyAya kumuda pR0 211 / 3-'jAtivyaktyAtmakaM vastu tato'stu jJAnagocaraH / prasiddha bahirantazca zabdavyavahRtIcaNAt // 5 // ' . tattvArthazloka vA0 pR0 110 / / 4-svAbhAvikatvAdabhidhAnasyaiva zeSAnArambhaH, / 1 / 1 / 99 / jainendra sUtra / 11
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha rUpameM parivartana ho jAne para bhI vAcyake rUpameM koI parivartana nahIM mAnate / kintu jaina zabdikoMkA mata' hai-"vAcakameM liMga, saMkhyA, zrAdikA jo parivartana hotA hai vaha svataMtra nahIM hai kintu ananta dharmAtmaka bAhya vastuke hI AdhIna hai| arthAt jina dharmoMse viziSTa vAcakakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai ve saba dharma vAcyameM rahate haiN| jaise yadi gaMgAke eka hI kinAreko saMskRtake 'taTaH' 'taTI' aura 'taTama' ina tIna zabdoMse kahA jAya-ina tInoM zabdoMkA mUla eka taTa zabda hI hai inameM jo parivartana hama dekhate haiM vaha liMgabhedase ho gayA hai--yataH ye tInoM zabda kramazaH puliMga, strIliMga aura napuMsakaliMgameM nirdeza kiye gaye haiM ataH inake vAcyameM tInoM dharma vartamAna haiM / kyoMki vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hai ataH usameM tInoM dharma raha sakate haiM / ( yadi koI vyakti strIliMga, puliMga aura napuMsakaliMga ina tInoM dharmoMko parasparameM viruddha mAnakara ekahI vastumeM tInoMkA sadbhAva mAnanese hicakatA hai to use anekAntakI prakriyAkA adhyayana karanA cAhiye ) isI taraha eka do yA bahuta vyaktiyoMke vAcaka dArA, zrAdi zabdoMmeM nitya bahvacanakA prayoga honA aura bahata sI vastuaoMke vAcaka vana, senA, Adi zabdoMke sAtha eka vacanakA prayoga karanA asaMgata nahIM kahA jA sakatA / kyoMki vastuke ananta dharmoM meM se kisI eka dharmakI apekSA se zabda vyahAra kiyA jA sakatA hai|" jaina aura jainetara vaiyAkaraNoMke isa saMkSipta matabheda pradarzanase ukta nirNayakI rUparekhAkA AbhAsa citrita ho jAtA hai / ataH aba prAcAryoMke lakSaNoM para vicAra karanA ucita hogaa| zabdanayake lakSaNoM para vicAra aitihAsika paramparAke anusAra zabdanayake svarUpakA prathama ullekha sarvArthasiddhi TIkAmeM pAyA jAtA hai| usake bAda dUsarA ullekha akalaMkadevake tattvArtha rAjavArtikameM hai jo prAyaH sarvArthasiddhike ullekhase akSarazaH milatA hai / ise hama 'pUjyapAdakI paramparA' ke nAmase pukAra sakate haiM / pUjyapAdane zabdanayakA jo lakSaNa likhA thA vaha spaSTa hote hue bhI aspaSTa thA-khIMcAtAnI karake usake zabdoMkA viparIta artha bhI kiyA jA sakatA thA, jaisA ki Age calakara huA bhI aura jisakA pratyakSa udAharaNa mere sAmane upasthita hai / ataH isa lakSaNako dArzanika kSetrameM koI sthAna na mila sakA / prAtaH smaraNIya akalaMkadevane isa kamIkA anubhava kiyA / yadyapi unhoMne apane rAjavartikameM sarvArthasiddhikA hI anusaraNa kiyA, kintu apane svataMtra prakaraNoMmeM usakI zabdayojanAko bilkula badala diyaa| ArSa paddhatike anukUla 1-liGga saMkhyAdiyogo'pi anantadhAtmaka vAdyavastvAzrita eva / na caikasya 'taTaH taTI taTam' iti strIpunapusa kAkhyaM svabhAvatrayaM viruddha, viruddharmAdhyAsasya bhedapratipAdakatvena niSiddhatvAt anantadharmAdhyAsitasya ca vastunaH pratipAditattvAt / ataeva dArAdidhvartheSu bahutvasaMkhyA vanasenAdiyu ca ekatvasaMkhyA'viruddhA yathAvivakSamanantadharmAdhyAsite vastuni kasyaciddharmasya kenacicchabdena prtipaadnaavirodhaat| sanmatiH TIkA pR0 265 /
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________________ zabdanaya isa parivartanakA vidvat-samAjane aAdara kiyA-akalaMkadevake bAdameM hone vAle prAyaH samasta digambara tathA zvetAmbara dArzanikoMne apane granthoM meM use sthAna diyaa| ataH akalaMka devakI dRSTi se hI hama isa viSaya para vicAra karanA upayukta samajhate haiN| akalaMkadeva apane 'ladhIyastraya' prakaraNameM likhate haiM kAlakAraka liMgAnAM bhedAcchabdo'rtha bhedakRt / abhirUr3hastu paryAyai ritthaM bhUtaH kriyAzrayaH // svopa0 vivRti-kAlabhedAt tAvad 'abhUt' 'bhavati' 'bhaviSyati' iti / kArakabhedAt , 'karoti' 'kriyate' ityAdi / liMgabhedAt 'devadattaH' 'devadattA' iti / paryAyabhedAt indraH, zakraH, purandara iti / tathA etau kthitau| kriyAzraya evaMbhUtaH / ___artha-"kAla, kAraka aura liMgake bhedase zabdanaya vastuko bhedarUpa svIkAra karatA hai / 'huzrA' hotA hai, hogA' yaha kAlabheda hai / 'karatA hai, kiyA jAtA hai' yaha kAraka bheda hai / 'devadatta, devadattA' yaha liMgabheda hai, samabhirUDhanaya zabdake bhedase arthako bhedarUpa mAnatA hai aura evaMbhUtanaya kriyAke azrita hai| jaina dRSTi se vastu ananta dharmAtmaka-anantadharmoMkA akhaNDa piNDa-hai / syAdvAd zrutake dvArA una dhauMkA kathana kiyA jAtA hai / ataH jaise jJAnakA viSaya honese vastu jJeya hai usI taraha zabdakA vAcya honese abhidheya bhI hai| hama jina jina zabdoMse vastuko pukArate haiM vastumeM una una zabdoMke dvArA kahe jAnekI zaktiyAM vidyamAna haiM / yadi aisA na hotA to ve vastueM una zabdoMke dvArA na kahIM jAtI aura na una zabdoMko sunakara vivakSita vastuoMkA bodha hI hotA / jaise 'pAnI' bhinna bhinna bhASAoMmeM bhinna bhinna nAmoMse pukArA jAtA hai yA eka hI bhASAke aneka zabdoMse kahA jAtA hai / ataH usameM una zabdoMke dvArA kahe jAnekI zaktiyAM vidyamAna haiM / yaha samabhirUr3ha nayakI dRSTi hai / isa nayakA mantavya hai ki 'pAnI zabda pAno ke dharmakI apekSAse vyavahRta hotA hai jala zabda usa hI dharmakI apekSAse vyavahata nahIM hotA hai| saMskRtameM pAnIko 'amRta' bhI kahate haiM aura 'viSa' bhii| pyAseko jilAtA hai ataH amRta hai aura kisI, kisI rogameM viSakA kAma kara jAtA hai ataH viSa hai| isalie amRta aura viSa yaha do zabda pAnIke eka hI dharmako lekara vyavahRta nahIM hote| bhinna bhinna zabdoMke viSayameM jo bAta Upara kahI gayI hai vahI bAta eka zabdake parivartita rUpoMke viSayameM bhI kahI jA sakatI hai / kAlabhedase eka hI vastu tIna nAmoMse pukArI jAtI hai| jaba taka koI vastu nahIM utpanna huI taba taka use 'hogI' kahate haiM / utpanna hone para hotI hai' kahate haiM / kucha samaya bItane para 'huI' kahI jAtI hai / yaha tInoM zabda 'honA' dhAtuke rUpa haiM aura vastuke tIna dharmokI ora saMketa karate haiN| isI taraha kAraka aura liMgake sambandhameM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / bhinna bhinna kArakoMkI vivakSAse eka hI vRkSa 'vRkSako' 'vRkSase' 'vRkSake lie' 'vRkSameM' Adi aneka rUpoMse kahA jAtA hai| ataH ye zabda vastuke
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha bhinna dharmoMkI ora saMketa karate haiN| eka baccA puruSa honeke kAraNa devadatta kahA jAtA hai vaha yadi lar3akiyoM kA sA veza kara le to kuTumbI jana use devadatta' na kahakara 'devadasA' kaha uThate haiN| ataH liMga bhedase bhI arthabhedakA sambandha hai / yaha saba zabdanayakI dRSTi hai / yahAM itanA vizeSa jAnanA cAhiye, yadi eka hI arthake vAcaka bhinna bhinna zabdoM meM bhI liMgabheda yA vacanabheda ho to yaha naya unake vAcyako bhinna bhinna dRSTikoNoMse hI svIkAra karegA / zabdanayake ukta lakSaNa ke samarthana meM aba hama kucha granthakAroM kA mata dete haiM anantavIrya likhate haiM-- 'kAraka' zrAdike bheda se arthako bhedarUpa samajhane vAlA zabdanaya hai" / vidyAnandi khulAsA karate hue likhate haiM- "jo vaiyAkaraNa vyavahAranaya ke anurodhase kAla, kAraka, vyakti, saMkhyA, sAdhana, upagraha, zrAdikA bheda hone para bhI padArtha meM bheda nahIM mAnate haiM parIkSA karane para unakA mata ThIka nahIM jaMcatA, yaha zabdanayakA abhiprAya hai, kyoMki kAla, AdikA bheda hone para bhI arthameM bheda na mAnanese aneka doSa paidA hote hai" / 6 AcArya zrI devanandi prabhAcandra vAdirAja" abhayadeva aura anantavIrya dvitIya bhI ukta matakA anusaraNa karate haiM / w 1 - [bheda:- vizeSaiH zabdasyArthaH vajana paryAyaH tasya bheda-jAnAla, nayaH pravipaturabhiprAyaH vAcyaH kathanIyaH kiMbhUtederiti Aha kAraka yA likhita siddhivinizcaya TIkA 1 2- kAlAdibhedato'rthasya bhedaM yaH pratipAdayet / so'tra zabdanayaH zabdapradhAnatvAdudAhRtaH / / 68 / / vizvazvA anitA sunurityekamAhRtAH padArtha kAmede'pi vyavahArAnurodhatAH / 69 / / karoti kriyate puNyastArakA''rpo'bha ityapi / kAraka vyakti saMkhyAnAM bhede'piM ca pare janAH // 70 // ehi manye rathenetyAdika sAdhanabhayapi saMtiSThetApatiSTe vaayupdmbhedne|| 61 // 1 tanna zreyaH parIkSAyAmiti zabdaH prakAzayet / kAlAdibhedane'pyarthabhedane'ti prasaMgataH ||72 || - zlokahAki 0 171 13- jo vaTTaNaM NA maNaNai eyatthe bhiNNaliMgaAINaM / sosaddaNAoM bhaNio o pasAiANa jahA || 13 || nayacakra pR0 77 / 4-kAla kAraka liMga saMkhyA sAdhanopagraha bhedAdabhinnamarthaM zapatIti zabdanayaH tato'pastaM vaiyAkaraNAnAM matam / te 0 206 pUrvI / hi kAme'pyeka padArthamAdRtAH ityAdi prame 5-kAsAdimedAdarthabhedakArI zabdaH kAlabhedAt abhUt dehi / nyAyavinizcayaTIkA li0 pR0 597 utta0 / bhavati bhaviSyati kArakabhedAt-pRzca pazya vRkSAya 6- tatra kAla kAraka liMgabhedAdarzabhedakRd zabdanayaH / laghIyatrayavRtti pR0 22 / 7- kAla kAraka liMgAnAM bhedAcchabdasya kathaJcidarthabhedakathanaM zabdanayaH / prameyarana0 pR0 307 / *
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________________ zabdanaya zvetAmbara AcArya bhI zabdanayake ukta svarUpake viSayameM ekamata haiM / vAdideva' kahate haiM''kAla Adike bhedase jo padArtha bhedako svIkAra karatA hai vaha zabdanaya hai| jaise-'sumeru thA, hai aura rahegA' / jo kAla, Adike bhedase sarvathA arthabheda ko hI svIkAra karatA hai vaha zabdAbhAsa hai"| ____malliSeNa likhate haiM-zabdanaya eka arthake vAcaka aneka zabdoMkA eka hI artha mAnatA hai / jaise indra, zakra aura purandara zabda eka 'devarAja' artha kA hI kathana karate haiN| yahAM itanA vizeSa jAnanA cAhiye ki jisa prakAra yaha naya paryAya zabdoMkA eka hI artha mAnatA hai usI prakAra liMgAdike bhedase vastuke bhedako bhI svIkAra karatA hai / bhinna bhinna dharmoM ke dvArA kahI jAne vAlI vastumeM dharmabheda na ho, yaha nahIM ho sktaa"| siddharSigaNi aura upAdhyAya yazovijayajI kA bhI yahI mata hai| sarvArthasiddhikA lakSaNa zabdanayake viSayameM akalaMkadevakI paramparAkA anuzIlana karaneke bAda aba hama pUjyapAdakI paramparAkA vizleSaNa kreNge| isa paramparAmeM hameM tIna hI vidvAn dRSTigocara hote haiM--eka svayaM pUjyapAda dUsare rAjavArtikake racayitA bhaTTAkalaMka aura tIsare tattvArthasArake kartA amRtacandrasUri, zvetAmbara vidvAnoMmeM sanmatikI TIkAke racayitA zrI abhayadevasUri para bhI pUjyapAdakI paramparAkI kucha chApa lagI sI jAna par3atI hai| ___ sarvArthasiddhi meM likhA hai-"liMga saMkhyA, sAdhana, Adike vyabhicArako jo dUra karatA hai use zabdanaya kahate haiM' / rAjavArtika' meM mAmUlIse hera pherake sAtha yahI lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai / isa lakSaNa meM 'vyabhicAra nivRttiparaH' pada spaSTa hote hue bhI aspaSTa hai / lakSaNakAra aura usake anuyAyiyoMne vyabhicArakI paribhASA to spaSTa kara dI kintu nivRttiparaH ko aspaSTasA hI chor3a diyA / ekavacanake 1-kAlAdibhedena dhvanerarthabhedaM pratipadyamAnaH zabdaH / / 33 / yathAvabhUva, bhavati, bhaviSyati sumerurityAdi // 34 // tadbhedena tasya tameva samarthayamAnastadAbhAsaH / / 34 // pramANanayatattvAloka pri07| 2-zabdastu rUDhito yAvanto dhvanayaH karimazcidarthe pravartante yathA indra zaka purandarAdayaH surapatI teSAM sarveSAmapyekamarthamabhipreti kila pratItizAd / 'yathA cAyaM paryAyazabdAnAmekamarthamabhipreti tathA taTaH,taTI, taTam iti viruddhaliMga lakSaNa dharmAbhisambandhAd vastuno bhedaM cAbhidhate / nahi viruddhAkRtaM bhedamanubhavato vastuno viruddhadharmA yogo yuktH|-syaadvaadmjjrii pR0 313 / 3 kAlAdi bhedena dhvanerarthabheda pratipadyamAnaH shbhuN| etasdArthaH-saketAdvyAkaraNAt prakRtipratyayasamudAyena siddhaH kAla kAraka liMga saMkhyA puruSopasargabhedenArtha paryAyamAtra pratIyate sa zabdanayaH / kAlabheda udAharaNam-yathA babhUva, bhavati. bhaviSyati sumeruriti atrakAlatratvaM yavibhedAt sumerorapi bhedAzabdanayena pratipAdyate / -nayapradIpa pR0103 4 sarvArtha0 pR0 80 5 liMga saMkhyA sAdhanAdivyabhicAra nivRttiparaH zabdanayaH / sarvArtha pR0 79 15
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha sthAnameM bahuvacana aura puliMgake sthAnameM strIliMga zabdakA prayoga karanA Adi vyabhicAra kahA jAtA hai| zabdanaya usa vyabhicArakI nivRtti karatA hai| kaise karatA hai ? isa praznako lekara vidvAnoMmeM do mata ho gaye haiM / ekamata kahatA hai ki zabdanaya vyAkaraNa dvArA kiye jAne vAle parivartanako ucita samajhatA hai "evaM prakAraM vyavahAranayaM nyAyyaM 1 manyate" / dUsarA mata isake viparIta hai| prathama mata hama prathama matase kisI aMzameM sahamata haiM kintu sarvArthasiddhi tathA rAjavArtikake jina vAkyoMke AdhAra para ukta matakI sRSTi huI hai unakI samIkSA karanA Avazyaka jAna par3atA hai / kallApA bharamAppA niTaveke jainendra presase prakAzita sarvArthasiddhi meM ukta pATha mudrita hai| tathA zabdanayake eka do sthaloM para kucha TippaNI bhI dI gayI hai / pahilI TippaNI 'nivRttiparaH' pada para hai| usakA Azaya hai ki, liMga zrAdikA vyabhicAra doSa nahIM mAnA jAtA, yaha zabdanayakA abhiprAya hai| sambhavataH 'nyAyya' padako zuddha mAna kara hI ukta TippaNI dI gayI hai| kintu, yaha pada azuddha hai isake sthAna para 'anyAyya' honA cAhiye / sarvArthasiddhi ke prathama saMskaraNa se bA. jagarUpasahAya jI vAlI prati meM tathA kAzI vidyAlayake bhavana kI likhita pratimeM 'anyAyya' pATha hI diyA huA hai| paM. jayacanda jI kRta vacanikAmeM bhI 'anyAyya' hI hai| yadi nyAyya' pada ko zuddha mAnakara ukta vAkya kA artha kiyA jAya to isa prakAra hogA- 'isa prakAra ke vyavahAranaya ko zabdanaya ucita mAnatA hai' / arthAt vyAkaraNa dvArA zabdoM meM jo parivartana kiyA jAtA hai aura jise prAcArya 'vyabhicAra' ke nAma se pukArate haiM vaha vyavahAranaya kA viSaya hai| usa vyavahAranaya ko zabdanaya ucita mAne yaha eka Azcarya kI bAta hai kyoMki nayoM kA viSaya uttarottara sUkSma hotA jAtA hai / vyavahAranaya se RjusUtra kA viSaya sUkSma hai aura RjusUtra se zabdanaya kA yiSaya sUkSma hai| yadi zabdanaya vyavahAranaya ke viSaya kA hI samarthaka ho jAya to nayoM ke krama meM to gar3abar3I upasthita hogI hI, unakI saMkhyA meM pheraphAra karanA pdd'egaa| ___ zrAcArya vidyAnandine apane zlokavArtikameM vyavahAranaya pada kA acchA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai / ve kahate haiM "jo vaiyAkaraNa vyavahAranayake anurodhase kAlabheda, kArakabheda, vacanabheda, liMgabheda, zrAdike hone para bhI arthabheda ko svIkAra nahIM karate, parIkSA karane para unakA mata ThIka nahIM jAna par3atA yaha zabdanaya kA abhiprAya hai"| isase yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki vaiyAkaraNoM kA ukta vyavahAra zabdanaya kI dRSTimeM 'anyAyya' hI hai 'nyAyya' nahIM hai| ataH mudrita sarvArtha siddhi kA pATha azuddha hai| tathA yadi 'nyAyya' pATha ko hI 1 zapati arthamAhvayati prakhyApayati iti zabdaH sa ca liMga sakhyAM sAdhanAdi vyabhicAranivRtiparaH / 2 liMgAdInAM vyabhicAro doSo nAsti ityabhiprAyaparaH / rAja0 vA0 pR0 67 / 3 zlokavArtika pR0 202 /
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________________ zabdanaya zuddha mAnA jAya to Age kA vAkya-'anyArthasya anyArthena sambandhAbhAvAt' vilkula asaMgata ho jAtA hai| agara 'nyAyya' pAThake anusAra ekavacanAnta aura bahuvacanAnta zabdoM kA eka hI artha mAnA jAya to anya artha kA anya arthake sAtha sambandha ho hI gayA / kyoMki 'jalam' zabda aura 'ApaH' zabda donoM kA eka hI artha mAna liyA gayA / ataH 'abhAvAt' zabda vyartha hI par3a jAtA hai / kintu jaba ukta vyabhicAroM ko zabdanaya 'anyAyya' kahatA hai taba isa hetuparaka vAkya kI saMgati ThIka baiTha jAtI hai / isa prakAra kA vyavahAra anucita hai kyoMki anya arthakA anya arthake sAtha sambandha nahIM ho sakatA" / rAjavArtikake zabda spaSTa hote hue bhI koI unakA anartha karake 'nyAyya' pada kA samarthana karate haiM / ve zabda isa prakAra haiM-"liMgAdInAM vyAbhicAro na nyAyyaH iti tannivRtiparo'yaM nayaH |.."evmaadyo vyabhicArA ayuktAH, anyArthasyAnyArthena sambandhAbhAvAt / " sarvArthasiddhi kI taraha yahAM para bhI 'tannivRttiparaH' zabdako lekara matabheda ho gayA hai / kintu itanA spaSTa hai ki yaha naya vyabhicArako ucita nahIM mAnatA / jo mahAnubhAva 'vyabhicAro na nyAyyaH' yA 'vyabhicArA ayuktA' kA yaha artha karate haiM ki; zabdanaya liMgAdikake parivartanako vyabhicAra nahIM mAnatA to unase hamArA namra prazna hai ki phira liMgAdikakA parivartana kisakI dRSTimeM vyabhicAra samajhA jAtA hai jise dUra karaneke lie zabdanayakI sRSTi karanI par3I ? vyAkaraNa zAstrakI dRSTimeM to yaha vyabhicAra hai hI nahIM kyoM ki vyAkaraNane hI isa prakArake parivartana aura prayogakI sRSTi kI hai / laukika dRSTi se bhI doSa nahIM hai / kyoM ki loka to sthUla vyavahArase hI prasanna rahatA hai| isI bAtako dRSTimeM rakhakara ukta donoM granthoMmeM vyavahAranayAvalambIne tarka kiyA hai ki, yadi Apa inheM vyabhicAra samajhakara ayukta ThaharAte haiM to loka aura zAstra (vyAkaraNa) donoMkA virodha upasthita hogA isa tarkakA samAdhAna donoM prAcAryoMne eka sA hI kiyA hai / sarvArthasiddhikAra kahate haiM-'virodha' hotA hai to ho yahAM tatvakI mImAMsA kI jAtI hai| tattvamImAMsAke samaya laukika virodhoMkI parvAha nahIM kI jAtI kahAvata prasiddha hai ki auSadhikI vyavasthA rogIkI rucike anusAra nahIM kI jAtI, rogIko yadi davA kaDuvI lagatI hai to lagane do' / rAjavArtikakAra kahate haiM- 'yahAM tatvakI mIbhAsA kI jA rahI hai dostoMko dAvata nahIM dI jA rahI' / sanmati tarkake TIkAkAra abhayadevasUrine bhI prakArAntarase isa aApattikA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / ve kahate haiM- 'vyavahArake lopakA bhaya to sabhI nayoMmeM vartamAna hai'| vijJa pAThakoMko mAlUma hogA ki RjusUtra nayakA vivecana karate hue bhI vyavahAra lopakA bhaya dikhAyA gayA hai aura usakA uttara yaha diyA gayA hai ki loka vyavahAra sarva nayoMke zrAdhIna hai / abhayadevake 1 "lokasamayavirodha iti cet viruddhayatAm tattvamiha mImAMsyate, na bhaiSajyamAturecchAnuvati / " savArtha0 pR0 80 / 2 "lokasamayavirodha iti cet viruddhyatAm, tattvaM mImAMsyate (na) suhRtsUpacAraH" / rAjabA0 pR. 68 / mudrita rAjavArtikameM (na) nahIM hai kintu honA cAhiye / 3 "na caivaM lokazAtra vyavahAra vilopa iti vaktavyam, sarvatra va nayamate tadvilopasya samAnatvAt / " pR0 316 / 3
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha uttarase bhI yahI pratidhvani nikalatI hai| ataH yadi zabdanaya ekAntake samarthaka vyAkaraNa zAstra aura laukika vyavahArakA samarthaka hotA to isa bhayakI aAzaMkA na rhtii| isalie yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki mudrita sarvArthasiddhi meM nyAyyaM' ke sthAnapara 'anyAyyaM' pATha honA cAhiye / .. mudrita sarvArthasiddhi meM 'nyAyyaM' padapara eka TippaNI dI huI hai / nyAyyaM padakA samarthaka mAnakara hI usa TippaNako vahAM mudrita kiyA gayA hai aisA maiM samajhatA huuN| TippaNIkA Azaya isa prakAra hai-"jalaM patati' ke sthAnapara 'zrApaH patati yaha vyavahAra hotA hai| yahAM ap zabdake Age bahuvacanakA vAcaka pratyayakA lagAnA vAstavameM vyartha hI hai..............."phira bhI zabdAnuzAsana zAstra (vyAkaraNa zAstra) ke prabhAvase aisA karanA par3atA hI hai / isa Azayako yadi do bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita kara diyA jAya to hama dekheMge ki pahilI dRSTi zabdanayakI hai vaha ekavacanake sthAnameM bahuvacanakA prayoga nahIM svIkAra karatA kintu dUsare hisseko par3hanese hameM mAlUma hotA hai vyAkaraNake niyamake anusAra aisA prayoga karanA par3atA hai, arthAt isa prakArakA vyavahAra zabdAnuzAsana zAstrakI dRSTi meM nyAyya hai zabdanayakI dRSTimeM nhiiN| zabdAnuzAsana zAstra zabdanayakA viSaya nahIM hai vyavahAra nayakA viSaya hai| ataH yaha TippaNa bhI nyAyya padakA samarthana nahIM krtaa| isa vistRta vivecanase hama isI nirNayapara pahuMcate haiM ki vyAkaraNa sammata vyavahAra yA vaiyAkaraNoMkA mata zabdanayakI dRSTimeM dUSita hai aura isalie vaha ucita nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| donoM paramparAoM aura zabdAnuzAsana tathA zabdanayakA samanvaya-- zabdanayake sambandhameM jina do paramparAaoMkA digdarzana Upara karAyA gayA haiM unameM prAcArya pUjyapAda zabdanayakA viSaya na batAkara kArya batalAte haiM / jaba ki akalaMkadeva zabdanayakA viSaya pradarzita karate haiM / pUjyapAda kahate haiM ki zabdanaya vyAkaraNa sambandhI doSoMko dUra karatA hai| kaise karatA hai ? isa praznakA uttara akalaMka devake 'ladhIyastraya' meM milatA hai / vaiyAkaraNoMke matake anusAra ekavacanake sthAnameM bahuvacanakA, strIliMga zabdake badale meM puliMga zabdakA uttama puruSake sthAnameM madhyamapuruSakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| ye mahAnubhAva zabdoMmeM parivartana mAnakara bhI unake vAcyameM koI parivartana nahIM mAnate haiN| jaise kUTastha nityavAdI kAlabheda honepara bhI vastumeM koI parivartana nahIM maantaa| isIlie vaiyAkaraNoMkA yaha parivartana vyabhicAra kahA jAtA hai / yadi vAcakake sAtha sAtha vAcyameM bhI parivartana mAna liyA jAya to vyabhicArakA prasaMga hI uTha jAya / ataH yadi vaiyAkaraNa zabda bhedake sAtha sAtha arthabhedako bhI svIkAra kara leM to zabdanaya zabdAnuzAsana zAstrakA samarthaka bana sakatA hai| aisI dazAmeM pUjyapAdakA yaha kahanA ki, zabdanaya vyabhicAroMko dUra karatA hai aura akalaMkadevakA vyabhicAroMko dUra karaneke lie kAla, kAraka, Adike bhedase arthabhedakA svIkAra karanA, donoM kathana parasparameM ghaniSTha sambandha rakhate haiM / ataH pUjyapAdane jisa zabdanayake kAryakA ullekha karake usake viSayako aspaSTa hI chor3a diyA thA usake viSayakA spaSTI
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________________ zabdanaya karaNa karake akalaMkadevane apanI apUrva pratibhAkA paricaya diyaa| isake liye jainadarzana unakA sarvadA RNI rhegaa| AlApapaddhatikArakA samanvaya do paramparAaoMkA samanvaya karaneke bAda eka tIsare prAcAryakA mata avaziSTa raha jAtA hai jisakI zabdayojanA ukta donoM matoMse vilakSaNa hai, pAlApapaddhatike kartA likhate haiM-'zabdAt vyAkaraNAt prakRtipratyayadvAreNa siddhaH zabdanayaH' / yaha zabdanayakI lakSaNa paraka vyutpatti hai| isakA zrAzaya hai ki, jo vyAkaraNase siddha ho use zabdanaya kahate haiM / arthAt zabdanaya vyAkaraNa siddha prayogoMko apanAtA hai / zabdanaya aura vyAkaraNake pArasparika sambandhakA spaSTIkaraNa hama Upara kara cuke haiM ataH hamAre zrAzayameM isa matakA bhI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / Adhunika hindI granthoMmeM zabdanaya-- ___jaina darzanake mAnya granthoMke aAdhArapara zabdanayakA spaSTIkaraNa karaneke bAda aAdhunika hindI granthoMmeM varNita zabdanayake svarUpake sambandhameM do zabda kahanA anucita na hogaa| eka khyAtanAmA TIkAkAra likhate haiM-vyAkaraNAdi matase zabdoMmeM jo parivartana ho jAtA hai usakA yadi usa parivartanakI prAkRtike anusAra artha kiyA jAve to azuddha sA mAlUma hogaa| ataeva vyAkaraNakI rItise usa parivartanako kevala zabdAkRtikA parivartaka evaM arthakA aparivartaka mAnane vAlA zabdanaya hai| mAlUma hotA hai TIkAkAra mahodaya ekAntavAdI vaiyAkaraNoMkI taraha zabdanayakA sambandha kevala zabdoM taka hI sImita karanA cAhate haiN| zAyada unhoMne arthanaya aura zabdanayako sarvathA svataMtra mAna liyA hai / zabdanayakA yaha zrAzaya nahIM hai ki usakI sImA zabda taka hI parimita rahe kintu zabdakI pradhAnatAse arthakA nirNaya karaneke kAraNa hI uttarake tInoM naya zabdanaya kahe jAte haiM ? yadi zabdanayako kevala zabdAkRtikA hI parivartaka mAna liyA jAya to RjusUtra samabhirUDha tathA evaMbhUta nayase usakI saMgati kaise baiThAyI jA sakatI hai / patA nahIM kisa zAstrake AdhArase isa lakSaNakI kalpanA kI gayI hai ?
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________________ syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgI zrI paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha syAdvAda kI mahattA duniyAmeM bahutase vAda haiM syAdvAda bhI unameM se eka hai, para vaha apanI adbhuta vizeSatA liye hue hai / dUsare vAda, vivAdoMko utpanna kara saMgharSakI vRddhike kAraNa bana jAte haiM taba syAdvAda jagatake sAre vivAdoMko miTAkara saMgharSako vinaSTa karanemeM hI apanA gaurava pragaTa karatA hai| syAdvAdake atirikta saba vAdoMmeM zrAgraha hai / isalie unameMse vigraha phUTa par3ate hai kintu syAdvAda to nirAgraha-vAda hai, isameM kahIM bhI zrAgrahakA nAma nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isameM kisI bhI prakArake vigrahakA avakAza nahIM hai / syAdvAda kA lakSaNa ? syAdvAda zabdameM 'syAt' kA artha apekSA hai apekSA yAnI dRssttikonn| 'vAda' kA artha hai siddhAnta-. isakA artha yaha huA ki jo apekSAkA siddhAnta hai use syAdvAda kahate haiN| kisI vastu, kisI dharma, athavA guNa, ghaTanA evaM sthitikA kisI dRSTikoNase kahanA, vivecana karanA yA samajhanA syAdvAda kahalAtA hai / padArthameM bahutase ApekSika dharma rahate haiM, una ApekSika dharmoM athavA guNoMkA yathArtha jJAna apekSAko sAmane rakhe vinA nahIM ho sktaa| darzana zAstrameM prayukta nitya anitya, bhinna-abhinna, sat-asat, eka-aneka, aAdi, sabhI ApekSika dharma haiM / loka vyavahArameM bhI choTA-bar3A, sthUla-sUkSma, UMcA-nIcA, dUra-najadIka, mUrkha-vidvAn, Adi sabhI zrApekSika haiN| ina sabhIke sAtha koI na koI apekSA lagI rahatI hai / eka hI samayameM padArtha nitya aura anitya donoM haiM / kintu jisa apekSAse nitya hai usI apekSAse anitya nahIM hai / aura jisa apekSAse anitya hai usI apekSAse nitya nahIM hai / koI bhI padArtha apane vastutvakI apekSAse nitya aura badalatI rahanevAlI apanI avasthAtroMkI apekSA anitya hai; isalie unalogoMkA kahanA kisI bhI taraha ucita nahIM jo kevala anitya athavA kevala nitya hI mAnate haiM / isI taraha sat aura asat, Adi bhI haiM / choTe-bar3e AdimeM bhI yahI bAta hai / zrAma phala kaTahalake phalakI apekSA choTA kintu bera kI apekSA bar3A hotA hai| isalie Ama eka hI samayameM choTA bar3A donoM hai / isameM koI virodha nahIM hai kintu apekSAkA bheda hai| aisI avasthAmeM kevala usake choTe hone athavA bar3e 20
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________________ syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgI honeke vivAdameM apanI zakti kSINa karanevAlA manuSya kabhI samajhadAra nahIM kahalAya gaa| yahAM yaha bAta hamezA yAda rakhane kI hai ki yaha apekSAvAda kevala ApekSika dharmoM meM hI lagegA / vastuke anujIvI guNoMmeM isakA prayoga karanA ucita nahIM hai / zrAtmA cetana hai, pudgala rUpa-rasa-gaMdha sparza vAlA hai, Adi padArthoM ke AtmabhUta lakSaNAtmaka dharmoM meM syAdvAdakA prayoga nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki ye ApekSika nahIM hai| yadi inheM bhI kisI taraha ApekSika banAyA jA sake to phira inameM bhI syAdvAda prakriyA lAgU hogii| saptabhaMgIkA svarUpa-- isa ( syAdvAda) prakriyA meM sAta bhaMgoMkA avatAra hotA hai isalie ise saptabhaMgI nyAya bhI kahate haiM / kisI vastu athavA usake guNa-dharma Adike vidhi ( honA) pratiSedha ( na honA) kI kalpanA karanA saptabhaMgI kahalAtI hai / ve sAta bhaMga ye haiM-asti, nAsti, atinAsti, avaktavya, asti-avaktavya, nAsti-avaktavya, astinAsti-zravaktavya / arthAt hai, nahIM hai, haiauranahIM hai, kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai, hai to bhI kahA nahIM jA sakatA, nahIM hai to bhI kahA nahIM jA sakatA tathA hai aura nahIM hai to bhI kahA nahIM jA sktaa| kramabheda-- koI koI prAcArya ina bhaMgoMke kramabhedakA bhI ullekha karate haiN| ve avaktavyako tIsarA aura asti nAstiko cauthA bhaMga kahate haiM / isameM digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyake prAcArya sammilita haiM kintu isa krama bhedase tattva vivecanAmeM koI antara nahIM aataa| avaktavyako tIsarA bhaMga mAnanekA yaha kAraNa hai ki ina sAta bhaMgoMmeM asti, nAsti aura avaktavya ye tIna bhaMga pradhAna haiM / inhIMse dvisaMyogI aura trisaMyogI bhaMga banate haiM ataH avaktavyako tIsarA bhaMga bhI mAna liyA jAya to koI hAni nahIM hai| nitya, zrAdi pratyeka viSayoMmeM isI prakAra sAta sAta bhaMga hoMge / ina sAta bhaMgoMmeM mukhya bhaMga do haiM-asti aura nAsti / donoMko eka sAtha kahanekI icchAse, avaktavya bhaMga banatA hai, kyoMki donoMko eka sAtha kahanekI zakti zabdameM nahIM hai| isa taraha tIna pradhAna bhaMga ho jAte haiM / 1-asaMyogI (Asti nAsti, avaktavya ) 2-dvisaMyogI (AstinAsti, asti-avaktavya, nAsti avaktavya ) aura 3- trisaMyogI (aAsti nAsti-avaktavya) inase hI sAta bhaMga bana jAte haiN| prayoga-- ___ padArtha svadravya kSetra kAlakI apekSA asti rUpa, aura paradravya kSetra kAlakI apekSA nAsti rUpa hai| dravyakA matalava hai guNoMkA samUha apane guNa samUha kI apekSA honA hI dravyakI apekSA Astitva kahalAtA hai / jaise ghar3A, ghar3e rUpase asti hai aura kapar3e rUpase nAsti, arthAt dhar3A; dhar3A hI hai, kapar3A nahIM hai / ataH kahanA cAhiye hara eka vastu svadravyakI apekSAse hai, para dravyakI apekSAse nahIM hai| . 21
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha dravyake aMzoMko kSetra kahate haiM / dhar3eke aMza avayava hI ghar3ekA kSetra haiN| ghar3ekA kSetra vaha nahIM hai jahAM ghar3A rakhA hai, vaha to usakA vyAvahArika kSetra hai / isa avayava rUpa kSetrakI apekSA honA hI ghar3ekA svakSetrakI apekSA honA hai| padArthake pariNamanako kAla kahate haiM / hara eka padArtha kA pariNamana pRthak pRthak hai / ghar3ekA apane pariNamanakI apekSA honA hI svakAlakI apekSA honA kahalAtA hai| kyoMki yahI usakA svakAla hai / ghaMTA, ghar3I, miniTa, saikaNDa, Adi vastukA svakAla nahIM hai / vaha to vyAvahArika kAla hai / vastuke guNako bhAva kahate haiM / hara eka vastukA svabhAva alaga alaga hotA hai| ghar3A apane hI svabhAvakI apekSA hai, vaha anya padArthoM ke svabhAva kI apekSA kaise ho sakatA hai| isaprakAra svadravya kSetra-kAla-bhAvakI apekSA padArtha hai aura paradravya kSetra-kAlakI apekSA nahIM hai| isa sva-para catuSTayake aura bhI aneka artha haiN| __ jaba hamArI dRSTi padArtha ke svarUpakI ora hotI hai taba asti bhaMga banatA hai| aura jaba usake pararUpa kI apekSA hameM hotI hai taba dUsarA nAsti bhaMga banatA hai| kintu jaba hamArI dRSTi donoM ora hotI hai taba tIsarA Asti-nAsti bhaMga utpanna hotA hai aura yahI dRSTi eka sAtha donoM ora se ho to avaktavya nAmakA cauthA bhaMga ho jAtA hai kyoMki eka samayameM do dharmoMko kahanevAlA koI zabda nahIM hai / kintu yaha to mAnanA hI hogA ki avaktavya hone para bhI vastu svarUpakI apekSA to hai hI aura para rUpakI apekSA vaha nAsti bhI hai| isI taraha vaha avaktavya vastu kramazaH svapara catuSTayakI apekSA Asti nAsti hogI hii| isalie kathaMcit Asti avaktavya vastu kramazaH svapara catuSTayakI apekSA aAsti nAsti hogI ho / isalie kathaMcit asti zravaktavya kathaMcita nAsti vaktavya aura kathaMcit aAsti nAsti avaktavya nAmaka pAMcavA, chaThA aura sAtavAM bhaMga bnegaa| spaSTIkaraNa yadi mUlake do bhaMga asti nAstimeM se kevala koI eka bhaMga hI rakhA jAya aura dUsarA na mAnA jAya to kyA hAni hai ? isI se kAma cala jAya to dUsare bhaMgoMkI saMkhyA bhI na bddh'egii| ___ nAsti bhaMga nahIM mAnanese jo vastu eka jagaha hai vaha anya saba jagaha bhI rhegii| isa taraha to eka ghar3A bhI vyApaka ho jAyagA, isI prakAra yadi kevala nAsti bhaMga hI mAnA jAya to saba jagaha vastu nAsti rUpa ho jAnese sabhI vastuoMkA abhAva ho jAyagA isalie donoM bhaMgoMko mAnanekI AvazyakatA hai / ina bhaMgoMkA viSaya alaga alaga hai, ekakA kArya dUsarese nahIM ho sakatA / devadatta mere kamaremeM nahI hai isakA yaha artha kabhI nahIM hotA ki amuka jagaha hai| isalie jijJAsuke isa sandeha ko dUra karaneke lie hI vaha kahAM hai asti bhaMgakI jarUrata hai / isI taraha asti bhaMgakA prayoga hone para 22
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________________ syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgI bhI nAsti bhaMgakI aAvazyakatA banI hI rahatI hai| merI thAlImeM roTI hai yaha kaha dene para bhI tumhArI thAlImeM roTI nahIM hai isakI AvazyakatA rahatI hI hai kyoMki yaha donoM cIjeM bhinna bhinna haiN| isa prakAra asti, nAsti donoM bhaMgoMko mAnanA tarkase siddha hai| ____ asti-nAsti nAmaka tIsarA bhaMga bhI inase bhinna svIkAra karanA pdd'egaa| kyoMki kevala asti athavA kevala nAsti dvArA isakA kAma nahIM ho sakatA / mizrita vastuko bhinna mAnanA pratIti evaM tarka siddha hai| zahada aura ghI samAna anupAtameM lenese viSa bana jAtA hai| pIlA aura nIlA raMga milAnese harA raMga ho jAtA hai ataH tIsarA bhaMga pahale dose bhinna hai| cauthA bhaMga avaktavya hai / padArthake aneka dharma eka sAtha nahIM kahe jA sakate, isalie eka sAtha svapara catuSTayake kahe jAnekI apekSA vastu avaktavya hai / vastu isalie bhI pravaktavya hai ki usameM jitane dharma haiM utane usake vAcaka zabda nahIM hai / dharma ananta hai aura zabda saMkhyAta / eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki padArtha svabhAvase bhI avaktavya hai / vaha anubhavameM A sakatA hai, zabdoMse nahIM kahA jA sktaa| mizrIkA mIThApana koI jAnanA cAhe to zabdase kaise jAnegA ? vaha to cakhakara hI jAnA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra kaI apekSAoMse padArtha avaktavya hai| kintu vaha avaktavya hone para bhI kisI dRSTise vaktavya bhI ho sakatA hai| isalie avaktavyake sAtha asti, nAsti aura asti-nAsti lagAnese asti avaktavya, nAsti avaktavya, aura astinAsti avaktavya isa prakAra pAMcavA chaThA aura sAtavAM bhaMga ho jAtA hai| pramANa saptabhaMgI aura naya saptabhaMgI-- yaha saptabhaMgI do taraha se hotI hai / pramANa saptabhaMgI aura naya sptbhNgii| vastu ko pUre rUpa se jAnane vAlA pramANa aura aMza rUpa se jAnane vAlA naya hai| isalie vAkya ke bhI do bheda hai--pramANa vAkya aura naya vAkya / kauna pramANa vAkya aura kauna nayavAkya hai ? isakA patA zabdoMse nahIM bhAvoMse lagatA hai / jaba kisI zabdake dvArA hama pUre padArtha ko kahanA cAhate haiM taba vaha sakalAdeza athavA pramANa vAkya kahA jAtA hai aura jaba zabda ke dvArA kisI eka dharma ko kahA jAtA hai taba vikalAdeza athavA naya vAkya mAnA jAtA hai / vaise to koI bhI zabda vastu ke eka hI dharma ko kahatA hai phira bhI yaha bAta hai ki usa zabda dvArA sArI vastu bhI kahI jA sakatI hai aura eka dharma bhI / jIva zabda dvArA jIvana guNa evaM anya ananta dharmoMke akhaNDa piNDa rUpa aAtmAko kahanA sakalAdeza hai aura jaba jIva zabdake dvArA kevala jIvana dharmakA hI bodha ho to vikalAdeza hotA hai / athavA jaise viSakA artha jala bhI hai| jaba isa zabda dvArA jala nAmakA padArtha kahA jAya taba sakalAdeza aura jaba kevala isakI mAraNa zaktikA isake dvArA
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bodha ho to vikalAdeza hotA hai| isa vaktavyakA yaha artha huaA ki padArtha pramANa dRSTise anekAntAtmaka aura naya dRSTi se ekAntAtmaka hai / kintu sarvathA anekAntAtmaka aura sarvathA ekAntAtmaka nahIM hai / isa Azayako prakaTa karaneke lie hameM uparyukta pratyeka vAkyake sAtha 'syAt' kathaMcita athavA kisI apekSAse, AdimeM se kisI eka kA prayoga karanA caahie| yadi hama kisI kAraNa prayoga na bhI kareM to bhI hamArA abhiprAya to aisA rahanA hI caahie| nahIM to yaha saba vyavasthA aura inameM utpanna hone vAlA jJAna mithyA ho jaaygaa| syAdvAda chala athavA saMzayavAda nahIM-- syAdvAdakI isa anekAntAtmaka prakriyAko kabhI kabhI loga chala athavA saMzayavAda kaha DAlate haiM / kintu yaha bhUla bharI bAta hai / kyoMki saMzayameM paraspara virodhI aneka vastutroMkA zaMkAzIla bhAna hotA hai, para syAdvAda to paraspara viruddha sApekSa padArthoMkA nizcita jJAna utpanna karatA hai aura chalakI to yahAM saMbhAvanA hI nahIM hai / chalameM kisIke kahe hue zabdoMkA usake abhiprAyake viruddha artha nikAlakara usakA khaNDana kiyA jAtA hai para syAdvAdameM yaha bAta nahIM hai / vahAM to pratyekake abhiprAyako yathArtha dRSTikoNa dvArA ThIka arthameM samajhanekA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| isI taraha virodha vaiyadhikaraNya, Adi aATha doSa bhI syAdvAda meM nahIM Ate jo sAre virodhoM ko naSTa karane vAlA hai usameM ina doSo kA kyA kAma ? syAdvAda aura loka vyavahAra syAdvAdakA upayoga tabhI hai jaba vyAvahArika jIvanameM utArA jAya / manuSya ke prAcAra-vicAra aura aihika anuSThAnoMmeM syAdvAdakA upayoga honekI AvazyakatA hai / syAdvAda kevala isIlie hamAre sAmane nahIM pAyA ki vaha zAstrIya nityAnityAdi vivAdoMkA samanvaya kara de| usakA mukhya kAma to mAnavake vyAvahArika jIvana meM AjAnevAlI mUr3hatAoMko dUra karanA hai| manuSya paramparAoM va rUDhiyoM se cipake rahanA cAhate haiM / yaha unakI saMskAragata nirbalatA hai| aisI nirbalatAoMko syAdvAdake dvArA hI dUra kiyA jAsakatA hai| syAdvAdako pAkara bhI yadi manuSya dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvake dvArA honevAle parivartanoMko svIkAra na kara sake, usameM vicAroM kI sahiSNutA na ho to usake lie syAdvAda vilkula nirupayogI hai| duHkha hai ki mAnavajAtike durbhAgyase isa mahAmahimavAdako bhI logoMne aAgraha-bharI dRSTise hI dekhA aura isakI asalI kImata aAMkanekA prayatna nahIM kiyaa| hajAroM varSoM se granthoMmeM Arahe isako jagata aba bhI AcArakA rUpa de de to usakI saba ApadAeM dUra ho jAya / bhAratameM dharmoM kI lar3AiyAM taba taka baMda nahIM hogI jaba taka syAdvAdake jyotirmaya netrakA upayoga nahIM kiyA jaaygaa| upasaMhAra-- syAdvAda sarvAGgINa dRSTi koNa hai| usameM sabhI vAdoMkI svIkRti hai, para usa svIkRtimeM aAgraha nahIM hai / Agraha to vahIM hai jahAMse ye vivAda Aye haiM / Tukar3oMmeM vibhakta satyako syAdvAda 24
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________________ syAdvAda aura saptabhaMgI hI saGkalita kara sakatA hai / jo vAda bhinna rahakara pAkhaNDa banate haiM ve hI syAdvAda dvArA samanvita hokara padArthakI saMpUrNa abhivyakti karane lagate haiM / ___ syAdvAda sahAnubhUti maya hai, isalie usameM samanvayakI kSamatA hai / usakI maulikatA yahI hai ki vaha par3ausI vAdoMko udAratAke sAtha svIkAra karatA hai para vaha unako jyoMkA tyoM nahIM letaa| unake sAtha rahanevAle aAgrahake aMzako chAMTakara hI vaha unheM apanA aGga banAtA hai| manuSyako koI bhI svIkRtijisameM kisI tarahakA Agraha yA haTa na ho-syAdvAdake mandira meM gauravapUrNa sthAna pA sakatI haiN| tIna sau taresaTha prakArake pAkhaNDa tabhI mithyA haiM jabataka unameM apanA hI durAgraha hai| nahIM to ve sabhI samyagjJAnake prameya haiN| syAdvAda paramAgamakA jIvana hai| vaha paramAgamameM na rahe to sArA paramAgama pAkhaNDa hojAya / use isa paramAgamakA bIja bhI kaha sakate haiN| kyoMki isIse sAre paramAgamakI zAkhAeM ota prota haiN| syAdvAda isIlie hai ki jagatake sAre virodhako dUra kara deM / yaha virodhako varadAzta nahIM karatA isIse hama kaha sakate haiM ki jaina dharma kI ahiMsA syAdvAdake raga ragameM bharI par3I hai| jo vAda vinA dRSTikoNake haiM, syAdvAda unheM dRSTi detA hai ki tuma isa dRSTikoNako lekara apane vAdako surakSita rakho, para jo yaha kahaneke zrAdI haiM ki kevala hamArA hI kahanA yathArtha hai, syAdvAda unake viruddha khar3A hotA hai, aura unakA nirasana kiye vinA use caina nahIM par3atI, isalie ki ve ThIka rAha para A jAveM aura apane aAgraha dvArA jagatameM saGgharSa utpanna karaneke kAraNa na bane / awar AS TRENDS
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________________ jaina darzanakA upayogitA vAdaevaM sAMkhya tathA vedAnta drshn| zrI paM0 vaMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya, Adi jainasaMskRtikA vivecana viSayavAra cAra anuyogoMmeM vibhakta kara diyA gayA hai-prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga / inameM se prathamAnuyogameM jainasaMskRtike mAhAtmyakA varNana kiyA gayA hai arthAt 'jainasaMskRtiko apanA kara prANI kahAMse kahAM pahuMca jAtA hai" ityAdi bAtoMkA digdarzaka prathamAnuyoga hai / prathamAnuyogako yadi atharvavAda nAma diyA jAya, to anucita na hogA / zeSa karaNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyogako kramase upayogitAvAda, astitvavAda ( vastusthitivAda) aura kartavyavAda kahanA ThIka hogA, kyoMki karaNAnuyogameM prANiyoMke lie prayojanabhUta unake saMsAra mokSakA hI sirpha. vivecana hai, dravyAnuyogameM vizvako vAstavika sthiti batalAyI gayI hai aura caraNAnuyogameM prANiyoMkA kartavya mArga batalAyA gayA hai| sAmAnyatayA karaNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyogakA viSaya dArzanika hai isalie ina donoMko jainadarzana nAmase pukArA jA sakatA hai / viziSTa tattva-padArtha vyavasthA-- vizvake raMgamaMca para kaI darzana Aye aura gaye tathA kaI isa samaya bhI maujUda haiM / bhAratavarSa to saMskRtiyoM aura unake poSaka darzanoM ke prAdurbhAvameM agraNI rahA hai| sabhI darzanoMmeM apane apane dRSTikoNa ke anusAra padArthoM kI vyavasthAko apanAyA gayA hai lekina kisI darzanakI padArtha vyavasthA upayogitAvAda mUlaka hai, kisI darzanakI astitvavAda mUlaka aura kisI darzanakI ubhaya vAda mUlaka hai / jainadarzanameM upayogitAvAda aura astitvavAdake AdhAra para svataMtra, svataMtra do padArtha vyavasthAtroMko sthAna prAta hai upayogitA vAdake AdhAra para jIva, ajIva, zrAsrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSaye sAta tattva padArtha vyavasthAmeM antarbhUta kiye gaye haiM aura AstitvavAdake AdhAra para jIva,pudgala, dharma,adharma,aAkAza aura kAla ye chaH dravya padArtha vyavasthAse antarbhUta kiye gaye haiN| yadi hama sAMkhya, vedAnta, nyAya aura vaizeSika darzanoMkI padArtha vyavasthA para dRSTi DAlate haiM to mAlUma par3atA hai ki sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoMkI padArtha vyavasthAkA aAdhAra upayogitAvAda hI mAnA jA sakatA hai tathA nyAya aura 26
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________________ jaina darzanakA upayogitA vAda vaizeSika darzanoMkI padArtha vyavasthAkA AdhAra astitvavAdako hI samajhanA cAhiye arthAt sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoM kI tattva vyavasthA prANiyoMke saMsAra aura mokSa taka hI sImita hai aura nyAya aura vaizeSika darzana apanI padArtha-vyavasthA dvArA vizvakI vastusthitikA vivecana karanevAle hI haiN| jina vidvAnoMkA yaha mata hai ki sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoMkI padArtha vyavasthA nyAya aura vaizeSika darzanoMkI taraha astitva vAda mUlaka hI hai una vidvAnoMke isa matase maiM sahamata nahIM hUM kyoMki sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoMkA gaMbhIra adhyayana hameM isa bAtakI spaSTa sUcanA detA hai ki padArtha vyavasthAmeM ina donoM darzanoMke aAviSkartAoMkA lakSya upayogitA vAda para hI rahA hai / isa lekhameM isI bAtako spaSTa karate hue maiM jainadarzanake upayogitAvAdapara avalambita saMsAra tattvake sAtha sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanakI tattva vyavasthAkA samanvaya karanekA hI prayatna kruugaa| sAMkhyakA upayogitA vAda zrImadbhagavadgItAkA terahavAM adhyAya sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoMkI padArtha vyavasthA upayogitAvAda mUlaka hai, isapara gaharA prakAza DAlatA hai aura isa adhyAyake nimnalikhita zloka to isa prakaraNake lie adhika mahattvake haiM "idaM zarIraM kaunteya ! kSetramityabhidhIyate / etadyo vetti taM prAhuH kSetrajJa iti tadvidaH // 1 // " isa zlokameM zrIkRSNa arjunase kaha rahe haiM ki he arjuna ! prANiyoMke isa dRzyamAna zarIrakA hI nAma kSetra hai aura isako jo samajha letA hai vaha kSetrajJa hai / "tatkSetraM yacca yAk ca yadvikArI yatazca yat / sa ca yo yat prabhAvazca tatsamAsena me zRNu // 3 // " isa zlokameM zrIkRSNa ne arjunako kSetra rUpa vastu, usakA svarUpa aura usake kArya tathA kAraNakA vibhAga, isI taraha kSetrajJa aura usakA prabhAva ina saba bAtoMko saMkSepameM batalAnekI pratijJA kI hai| "mahAbhUtAnyahaMkAro buddhivyaktameva ca / indriyANi dazaikaM ca paJca cendriyagocarAH // 5 // icchA dveSaH sukhaM duHkhaM, saMghAtazcetanA dhRtiH| etatkSetraM samAsena savikAramudAhRtam // 6 // " ina donoM zlokoMmeM yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki paJcabhUta, ahaMkAra, buddhi, avyakta ( prakRti ), ekAdaza indriyAM, indriyoMke pAMca viSaya tathA icchA, dveSa, sukha, duHkha, saMghAta, cetanA aura dhRti ina sabako kSetrake antargata samajhanA cAhiye / yahAM para yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai ki pahile zlokameM jaba zarIrako hI kSetra mAna liyA gayA hai aura pAMcave tathA chaThe zlokoMmeM kSetrakA hI vistAra kiyA gayA 27
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________________ varNI - abhanandana grantha hai to ina zlokoMkA paraspara sAmaJjasya biThalAne ke lie yahI mAnanA upayukta hai ki uparyukta vistAra kArya aura kAraNake rUpameM zarIrake hI antargata kiyA gayA hai| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki sAMkhyadarzanakI prakRti aura puruSa ubhaya tattvamUlaka sRSTikA artha bhinna-bhinna puruSake sAtha saMyukta prakRtise niSpanna una puruSoMke apane apane zarIrakI sRSTi hI grahaNa karanA cAhiye / yaha phalitArtha hameM saralatA ke sAtha isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA detA hai ki sAMkhya darzanakI padArtha vyavasthA upayogitAvAda mUlaka hI hai / sAMkhya sRSTikrama sAMkhya darzanakI mAnyatAmeM puruSa nAmakA cetanAtmaka zrAtmapadArtha aura prakRti nAmakA cetanA zUnya jar3a padArtha isa taraha do anAdi mUla tattva haiM, inameM se puruSa aneka haiM aura prakRti eka hai| pratyeka puruSake sAtha isa eka prakRtikA anAdi saMyoga hai, isa taraha yaha eka prakRti nAnA puruSoMke sAtha saMyukta hokara una puruSoM meM pAye jAne vAle buddhi, ahaMkAra, zrAdi nAnA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA karatI hai arthAt prakRti jaba taka puruSake sAtha saMyukta rahA karatI hai taba taka vaha buddhi ahaMkAra Adi nAnArUpa hai aura jaba isakA puruSake sAtha hue saMyogakA prabhAva ho jAtA hai, taba vaha apane svAbhAvika eka rUpameM pahuMca jAtI / prakRtikA puruSake saMyoga se buddhi, ahaMkAra Adi nAnA rUpa ho jAnekA nAma hI sAMkhya darzana meM sRSTi yA saMsAra mAna liyA gayA 1 sAMkhya darzana meM prakRtikA puruSake sAtha saMyoga hokara buddhi, ahaMkAra, Adi nAnA rUpa honekI paramparA nimna prakAra batalAyI gayI hai - "prakRti puruSake sAtha saMyukta hokara buddhi rUpa pariNata ho jAyA karatI hai yaha buddhi ahaMkAra rUpa pariNata ho jAyA karatI hai aura yaha ahaMkAra bhI pAMca jJAnendriyAM, pAMca karmendriyAM, mana tathA pAMca tanmAtrAeM isa prakAra solaha tattva rUpa pariNata ho jAyA karatA hai / ina solaha tattvoMmeM se pAMca tanmAtrAeM antima pAMca mahAbhUtakA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA karatI haiM / isakA matalaba yaha hai ki prANiyoM meM hamako jo pRthak pRthak buddhikA anubhava hotA hai vaha sAMkhya darzanakI mAnyatA ke anusAra usa usa puruSa ke sAtha saMyuktaM prakRtikA hI pariNAma hai / prANiyoMkI apanI apanI buddhi unake apane apane kArakI jananI hai aura unakA apanA apanA ahaMkAra bhI unakI apanI apanI gyAraha gyAraha prakArakI indriyoM ko paidA kiyA karatA hai, ahaMkArase hI zabda tanmAtrA, sparza tanmAtrA, rUpa tanmAtrA, rasa tanmAtrA aura gandha tanmAtrA ye pAMca tanmAtrAeM paidA huA karatI haiM aura ina pAMca tanmAtrAoMoMmeM se eka eka tanmAtrA se eka eka bhUtakI sRSTi hokara pAMca sthUla bhUta niSpanna hote rahate haiM / yadyapi sAMkhya darzanakI mAnyatA ke anusAra zabda tanmAtrA se zrAkAza tattvakI, zabda aura sparza tanmAtrAoM se vAyu tattvakI, zabda, sparza aura rUpa tanmAtrAoM se agni tattvakI, zabda sparza rUpa aura rasa tanmAtrAoM se jala tattvakI aura zabda sparza rUpa rasa aura gandha tanmAtrAoM se pRthvI tattvakI sRSTi huA karatI hai, parantu hamane Upara jo eka eka 28
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________________ jaina darzanakA upayogitA vAda tanmAtrAse eka eka bhUtakI sRSTikA ullekha kiyA hai vaha usa usa bhUtakI sRSTimeM usa usa tanmAtrAkI pramukhatAko dhyAnameM rakha karake hI kiyA hai aura isa taraha jaina darzanakI isa viSayakI mAnyatAke sAtha isa mAnyatAkA samanvaya karanemeM saralatA ho jAtI hai / do samasyAeM sAMkhya darzanakI isa mAnyatAkA jainadarzanakI mAnyatAke sAtha samanvaya karaneke pahile yahAM para itanA spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai ki sAMkhya darzanameM mAnya sRSTike isa kramameM usake mUla SkartAkA abhiprAya pAMca sthUla bhUtoMse pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza tattvoMko grahaNa karanekA yadi hai to isa viSayameM yaha bAta vicAraNIya hojAtI hai ki jaba puruSa nAnA haiM aura pratyeka puruSake sAtha ullikhita eka prakRtikA anAdi saMyoga hai to bhinna bhinna puruSake sAtha saMyukta prakRtike vipariNAma svarUpa buddhi tattvameM bhI anubhavagamya nAnAtva mAnanA anivArya hai aura isa taraha anivArya rUpase nAnAtvako prApta buddhi tattvake vipariNAma svarUpa ahaMkAra tattvameM bhI nAnAtva, nAnA ahaMkAra tattvoMke viriNAma svarUpa pAMca jJAnendriyAM pAMca karmendriyAM mana tathA pAMca tanmAtrAeM ina solaha prakArake tattvoMmeM bhI pRthak pRthak rUpase nAnAtva aura ukta prakArase nAnAttvako prApta ina solaha prakArake tattvoMmeM antarbhUta nAnA pAMca tanmAtrAoMke vipariNAma svarUpa pAMcoM mahAbhUtoMmeM pRthak pRthak nAnAtva svIkAra karanA anivArya hojAtA hai| inameMse bhinna bhinna puruSake sAtha saMyukta prakRtise bhinna bhinna prANIkI bhinna bhinna buddhikA, bhinna bhinna prANIko bhinna bhinna buddhise una prANiyoMke apane apane ahaMkArakA aura una prANiyoMke apane apane ahaMkArase unakI apanI apanI gyAraha gyAraha prakArakI indriyoM ( pAMca jJAnendriyoM; pAMca karmendriyoM aura mana ) kA sRjana yadi sAMkhyake lie abhISTa bhI mAna liyA jAya to bhI pratyeka prANImeM pRthak pRthak vidyamAna pratyeka ahaMkAra tattvase pRthak pRthak pAMca pAMca tanmAtrAoMkA sRjana prasakta hojAne ke kAraNa eka eka prakArakI nAnA tanmAtrAoMse eka eka pracArake nAnA bhUtoMkA sRjana prasakta ho jaaygaa| arthAt nAnA zabda-tanmAtrAoMse nAnA AkAza tattvoMkA, nAnA sparza tanmAtrAtroMse nAnA vAyu tattvoMkA, nAnA rUpa tanmAtrAoMse nAnA agni tatvoMkA, nAnA rasa tanmAtrAoM se nAnA jala tasvoMkA aura nAnA gandha tanmAtrAoMse nAnA pRthvI tattvoMkA sRjana mAnanA anivArya hogA, joki sAMkhya darzanake abhiprAyake pratikUla jAna par3atA hai| itanA hI nahI AkAza tattvakA nAnAtva to dUsare darzanoMkI taraha sAMkhya darzanako bho abhoSTa nahIM hogaa| pAMca sthUla bhUtoMse pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza tattvoMkA abhiprAya grahaNa karanemeM eka Apatti yaha bhI upasthita hotI hai ki jaba prakRti puruSase saMyukta hokara hI pUrvokta kramase pAMca sthUla bhUtoMkA rUpa dhAraNa karatI rahatI hai to jisaprakAra buddhi, ahaMkAra aura gyAraha prakArakI indriyoMkI sRSTi prANiyoMse pRthak rUpameM nahIM jAtI hai
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha usIprakAra pAMca mahAbhUta aura unakI kAraNabhUta pAMca tanmAtrAoMkI sRSTi bhI prANiyoMse pRthak rUpameM honA saMbhava nahIM ho sakatA hai| ye ApattiyAM hameM isa niSkarSapara pahuMcA detI haiM ki sAMkhyake paccIsa tattvoMmeM garbhita pAMca sthUla bhUtoMse pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza ina pAMca tattvoMkA abhiprAya svIkAra karanA avyavasthita aura ayukta hI hai isalie yadi zrImadbhagavadgItAke aAdhArapara zrIkRSNa dvArA svIkRta prANiyoMke apane apane zarIrako hI kSetra aura prakRti se lekara paMcabhUta paryantake tatvoMko isa zarIrarUpa kSetrakA hI vistAra svIkAra kara liyA jAya to jisa prakAra itara vaidika darzanoMmeM zarIrako paMcabhUtAtmaka mAna liyA gayA hai usI prakAra sAMkhya darzanake sRSTi kramameM bhI pAMca sthUla bhUtoMse tadAtmaka zarIrakA hI ullekha samajhanA cAhiye aura aisA mAna lene para pUrvokta donoM aApattiyoMkI bhI saMbhAvanA nahIM raha jAtI hai / sAMkhya aura jaina tattvoMkA sAmaJjasya jainadarzana aura sAMkhyadarzana donoMmeM se kaunasA darzana prAcIna hai aura kaunasA arvAcIna hai isakI vivecanA na karate hue hama itanA nizcita taurapara kahaneke lie taiyAra haiM ki ina donoMke mUlameM eka hI dhArAkI chApa lagI huI hai / prANiyoMkA saMsAra kahAMse banatA hai ? isa viSayameM jaina aura sAMkhya donoM darzanoMkI mAnyatA samAna hai| isa viSayameM donoM hI darzana do anAdi mUla tattva svIkAra karake Age bar3he haiM / una donoM tattvoMko sAMkhya darzana meM jahAM puruSa aura prakRti kahA jAtA hai vahAM jainadarzanameM puruSako jIva (AtmA) aura prakRtiko ajova ( kArmaNa vargaNA ) kahA gayA hai aura sAMkhyadarzanameM puruSako tathA jainadarzanameM jIva (AtmA) ko samAna rUpase cit zakti viziSTa, isoprakAra sAMkhya darzanameM prakRtiko tathA jainadarzana meM ajIva ( kArmANa vargaNA) ko samAna rUpase jar3a (acit ) svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| donoM darzanoMkI yaha mAnyatA hai ki ukta donoM tattvoMke saMyogase saMsArakA sRjana hotA hai, parantu sAMkhya darzanakI mAnyatAke anusAra saMsArake sRjanakA artha jahAM jagat ke samasta padArthoM kI sRSTi le liyA jAtA hai vahAM jaina mAnyatAke anusAra saMsArake sRjanakA artha sirpha prANIkA saMsAra arthAt prANIke zarIrakI sRSTi liyA gayA hai / yadi hama jainadarzanakI taraha sAMkhya darzanakI dRSTi se bhI pUrvokta ApattiyoMke bhayase saMsArake sRjanakA artha prANoke zarIrakI sRSTiko lakSyameM rakhate hue Age bar3heM, to kahA jAsakatA hai ki isake mUla meM jaina aura sAMkhya donoM darzanoMkI apekSAse sabase pahile buddhiko hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta hotA hai arthAt buddhi hI eka aisI vastu hai jisake sahArese prANI jagatke cetana aura acetana padArthoM meM rAga, dveSa aura moha kiyA karatA hai sAMkhya darzanake paccIsa tattvoMke antargata ahaMkAra tattvase rAga, dveSa aura moha ina tInoMkA hI bodha karanA caahiye| rAga, dveSa aura moha rUpa yaha ahaMkAra hI prANIko zarIra paraMparAke baMdhanameM jakar3a detA hai|
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________________ jaina darzanakA upayogitA vAda itanI samAnatA rahate hue bhI buddhi aura ahaMkAra ina donoM tattvoMkI utpattike viSaya meM sAMkhya darzana aura jaina darzanakI vilkula alaga alaga mAnyatAeM haiM- sAMkhya darzanakI mAnyatA yaha hai ki prakRti hI puruSa ke sAtha saMyukta ho jAne para buddhi rUpa pariNata ho jAyA karatI hai aura yaha buddhi ahaMkAra rUpa ho jAtI hai / parantu jaina darzanakI mAnyatA yaha hai ki prakRti zrarthAt kArmANa vargaNA ke saMyogase puruSa arthAt zrAtmAkI cit zakti hI buddhirUpa pariNata ho jAyA karatI hai aura isa buddhi ke sahAre jagatke cetana aura acetana padArthoM ke saMsargase vahI cit zakti rAga, dveSa aura moha svarUpa ahaMkArakA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai / tAtparya yaha haiM ki sAMkhyadarzana meM buddhi aura ahaMkAra donoM jahAM prakRtike vikAra svIkAra kiye gaye haiM vahAM jaina darzana meM ye donoM hI zrAtmAkI cit zaktike vikAra svIkAra kiye gaye haiM / sAMkhya darzanakI mAnyatA ke anusAra yaha ahaMkAra pAMca jJAnendriyAM, pAMca karmendriyAM, mana tathA pAMca tanmAtrAeM isa prakAra solaha tattvoMke rUpameM pariNata ho jAyA karatA haiM aura jaina darzanakI mAnyatA ke anusAra zrAtmA isI prakAra ke sahAre eka to zarIra racanAke yogya sAmagrI prApta karatA hai dUsare usake ( AtmAke) cit svarUpameM bhI kucha nizcita vizeSatAeM paidA ho jAyA karatI haiN| isakA matalaba yaha hai ki AtmA jagatke padArthoM meM ahaMkAra arthAt rAga, dveSa aura moha karatA huA zarIra nirmANake pahile pudgala paramANutroM ke puJjarUpa zarIra nirmANakI sAmagrI prApta karatA hai isa sAmagrIko jaina darzana meM 'nokarmavargaNA' nAma diyA gayA hai / zarIra nirmANakI kAraNabhUta nokarma vargaNArUpa yaha sAmagrI sAMkhya darzanakI pAMca tanmAtrAoM kI taraha pAMca bhAgoM meM bibhakta ho jAtI hai kyoMki jisa prakAra vaidika darzanoMmeM zarIrako pAMca bhUto meM vibhakta kara diyA gayA hai usI prakAra jaina darzana meM bhI zarIrake pAMca hisse mAna liye gaye haiM / zarIrakA eka hissA vaha hai jo prANIko sparzakA jJAna karAne meM sahAyatA karatA hai, dUsarA hissA vaha hai jo use rasakA jJAna karAne meM sahAyatA karatA hai, tIsarA hissA vaha hai jo use gaMdhakA jJAna karAne meM sahAyatA karatA hai, cauthA hissA vaha hai jo use rUpakA jJAna karAne meM sahAyatA karatA hai aura pAMcavAM hissA vaha hai jo use zabdakA jJAna karAne meM sahAyatA karatA hai| jaina darzanameM zarIrake ina pAMcoM hissoko kramase sparzana dravyendriya, rasanA dravyendriya, ghrANa dravyendriya, cakSu dravyendriya aura karNa dravyendriya ina nAmoMse pukArA jAtA hai aura zarIra ke ina pAMcoM hissoM kI sAmagrI svarUpa jo nokarma vargaraNA hai usako bhI pAMca bhAgoM meM nimna prakAra se vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai / pahilI nokarma vargaNA vaha hai jisase prANIko sparzakA jJAna karanemeM sahAyaka sparzana dravyendriyakA nirmANa hotA hai isako sparzana-dravyendriya nokarmavargaNA athavA sparza nokarmavargaNA nAmase pukArA jA sakatA hai, dUsarI nokarmavargaNA vaha hai jisase prANIko rasakA jJAna karanemeM sahAyaka rasanA dravyendriyakA nirmANa hotA hai isako rasanA dravyendriya nokarma vargaNA athavA rasanA nokarma vargaNA nAmase pukArA jA sakatA hai, tIsarI nokarma vargaNA vaha hai jisase prANIko gandhakA jJAna karanemeM sahAyaka prANa dravyendriyakA nirmANa hotA hai isako prANa dravyendriya nokarma vargaNA athavA gandha nokarmavargaNA nAmase 31
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha pukArA jA sakatA hai, cauthI nokarmavargaNA vaha hai jisase prANIko rUpakA jJAna karanemeM sahAyaka cakSurdravyendriyakA nirmANa hotA hai isako cakSurdravyendriya nokarmavargaNA athavA rUpa nokarmavargaNA nAmase pukArA jA sakatA hai aura pAMcavIM nokarmavargaNA vaha hai jisase prANIko zabdakA jJAna karane meM sahAyaka karNa dravyendriyakA nirmANa hotA hai isako karNa dravyendriya nIkarma vargaNA athavA zabda nokarma vargaNA nAmase pukArA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha vicAra karanepara mAlUma par3atA hai ki sAMkhyadarzanakI pAMca tanmAtrAoM aura jaina darzanakI pAMca nokarmavargaNAoMmeM sirpha nAmakA sA hI bheda hai arthakA bheda nahIM hai, kyoM ki jisa prakAra jaina darzanameM prANIke zarIrakI avayavabhUta pAMca sthUla dravyendriyoMke upAdAna kAraNa svarUpa sUkSma pudgala paramANu puJjoMko nokarmavargaNA nAmase pukArA gayA hai usI prakAra sAMkhyadarzanameM pUrvokta prakArase prANIke zarIrake avayavabhUta pAMca sthUla bhUtoMke upAdAna kAraNa svarUpa sUkSma paramANu puJjoMko hI tanmAtrA nAmase pukArA jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki usa usa sthUla bhUtake upAdAna kAraNa svarUpa sUkSma paramANu puJjoko hI sAMkhya darzanameM usa usa tanmAtrA zabdase vyavahRta kiyA jAtA hai aura pAMcoM sthUla bhUta pUrvokta prakArase prANIke sthala zarIrake avayava hI siddha hote haiM / isalie zarIrake avayavabhUta aAkAza tattva arthAt prANIko zabda grahaNameM sahAyaka sthUla karmendri yake upAdAna kAraNabhUta sUkSma paramANu puJjoMko hI zabda tanmAtrA, zarIrake avayavabhUta vAyutattva arthAt prANIko sparza grahaNameM sahAyaka sthUla sparzanendriyake upAdAna kAraNabhUta sUkSma paramANu puJjoMko hI sparza tanmAtrA, zarIrake avayavabhUta jalatattva arthAt prANIko rasa grahaNa meM sahAyaka sthUla rasanendriyake upAdAna kAraNabhUta sUkSmaparamANu puJjoMko hI rasa tanmAtrA, zarIrake avayavabhUta amitattva arthAt prANIko rUpa grahaNameM sahAyaka sthUla cakSurindriyake upAdAna kAraNabhUta sUkSmaparamANu puJjoM ko hI rUpa tanmAtrA aura. zarIrake avayavabhUta pRthvItattva arthAt prANIko gaMdha grahaNameM sahAyaka sthUla ghrANendriyake upAdAna kAraNabhUta sUkSmaparamANu puMjoMko hI gandha tanmAtrA mAna lenA cAhiye / tanmAtrA zabdake sAtha jo zabda, sparza, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha zabda jur3e hue haiM ve ukta arthakA hI saMketa karanevAle haiM / ___ isa prakAra puruSa, prakRti, buddhi, ahaMkAra, pAMca tanmAtrA, aura pAMca sthUla bhUta ina caudaha tatvoMkA jainadarzanakI mAnyatAke sAtha sAmaMjasya batalAneke bAda sAMkhya darzanake gyAraha tattva ( pAMca jJAnendriyAM, pAMca karmendriyAM aura mana ) aura zeSa rahajAte hai| jinake viSayameM jainadarzanake maMtavyako jAnanekI AvazyakatA hai| jainadarzanameM aAtmAkI cit zaktiko buddhi tathA ahaMkArake alAvA aura bhI dasa hissoMmeM vibhakta kara diyA gayA hai aura ina dasa hissoMkA pAMca labdhIndriyoM aura pAMca upayogendriyoM ke rUpameM vargIkaraNa karake sparza labdhIndriya aura sparzanopayogendriya, rasanAlabdhIndriya aura rasanopayogendriya,prANalabdhIndriya aura prANopayogendriya, cakSurlabdhIndriya aura cakSurupayogendriya, tathA karNalabdhIndriya aura karNopayogendriya isaprakAra unakA nAmakaraNa karadiyA gayA hai| sAMkhya darzanameM jJAnendriyoM aura karmendriyoMmeM jina 32
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________________ jaina darzanakA upayogitA vAda dasa indriyAM ko ginAyA gayA hai una dasa indriyoMko hI yadyapi jainadarzana meM ukta labdhIndriyoM meM nahIM likhA gayA hai parantu sAMkhya darzanake jJAnendriya padakA jainadarzana ke labdhIndriya padake sAtha aura sAMkhya darzana ke karmendriya padakA jainadarzana ke upayogendriya padake sAtha sAmya avazya hai; kyoMki labdhIndriya padameM paThita labdhizabdakA jJAna aura upayogendriya pada meM paThita upayoga zabdakA vyApAra arthAt kriyA athavA karma artha karanepara bhI jainadarzanakA abhiprAya akSuNNa banA rahatA hai / aura yadi sAMkhya darzanake pAMca bhUtoMse prANI ke zarIra kI zravayavabhUta pAMca sthUla indriyoMkA abhiprAya grahaNa kara liyA jAtA hai to phira jainadarzana kI taraha sAMkhya darzanameM bhI pAMca jJAnendriyoMse pAMca labdhIndriyoM tathA pAMca karmendriyoMse pAMca upayogendriyAMkA abhiprAya grahaNa karanA hI yuktisaMgata pratIta hotA hai| buddhi aura ahaMkArakA AdhAra sthala jainadarzana meM manako mAnA gayA hai aura ise bhI prANI ke zarIrakA antaraMga hissA kahA jAsakatA hai| tathA isa mAnyatAkA sAMkhya darzanake sAtha bhI koI vizeSa virodha nahIM hai / eka bAta jo yahAM spaSTa karane ke lie raha jAtI vaha yaha hai ki sAMkhya darzanakI pAMca jJAnendriyoM ke sthAna para jainadarzanakI pAMca labdhIndriyoMkI, pAMca karmendriyoMke sthAnapara pAMca upayogendriyoMkI aura pAMca bhUtoMke sthAna para zarIra ke avayavabhUta pAMca dravyendriyoMkI jo mAnyatAeM batalAyI gayI haiM unakI sArthakatA kyA ? isake lie itanA likhanA hI paryApta hai ki sparza, rasa, gaMdha, rUpa aura zabdakA jJAna karanekI zrAtmazakti kA nAma labdhIndriya hai isake viSayabhedakI apekSA sparzana, rasanA, ghANa, cakSu aura karNa ye pAMca bheda hojAte haiM / ukta zrAtmazaktikA padArthajJAnarUpa vyApAra arthAt padArthajJAna rUpa pariNatikA nAma upayogendriya hai | isake bhI ukta prakArase viSaya bhedakI apekSA pAMca bheda ho jAte haiM / isake sAtha sAtha ukta zrAtmazaktikI padArthajJAnapariNatimeM sahAyaka nimitta zarIra ke sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura karNa ye pAMca avayava haiM inheM hI jainadarzana meM dravyendriya nAma diyA gayA hai / isaprakAra jaba hama sAMkhya darzana kI paccIsa tattvavAlI mAnyatA ke bAremeM jainadarzana ke dRSTikoNake AdhArapara samanvayAtmaka paddhatise vicAra karate haiM to sAMkhya aura jaina donoMke bIca bar3A bhArI sAmya pAte haiM / isake sAtha hI yaha bAta bhI bilkula sApha hojAtI hai ki sAMkhya darzanakI yaha mAnyatA jainadarzanakI taraha upayogitA vAda mUlaka hai, astitva-vAda mUlaka nahIM / vedAnta darzanase samanvaya puruSa aura prakRtiko Adi dekara buddhi, Adi tattvoMkI sRSTi paraMparA sAMkhya darzana kI taraha vedAnta darzanako bhI abhISTa hai / sirpha ina donoM darzanoM kI mAnyatA meM paraspara yadi kucha bheda hai to vaha yaha hai ki vedAnta darzana puruSa aura prakRtike mUlameM eka, nitya aura vyApaka sat, cit aura zrAnandamaya para - 5 33
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha brahma nAmaka tattvako bhI svIkAra karatA hai| isa kathanakA yaha artha hai ki sAMkhya darzanakI taraha vedAnta darzana kI tattva vicAraNA bhI prANiyoMke paJca mahAbhUtAtmaka sthUla zarIrake nirmANa taka hI sImita hai arthAt vedAnta darzanakI tattva vicAraNAmeM bhI sAMkhya darzanakI taraha pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza tattvoMkI sRSTikA samAveza nahIM kiyA gayA hai; kyoMki sAMkhya darzanakI tattva mAnyatAmeM bhI paMcabhUtakA artha pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza grahaNa karane se pUrvokta bAdhAeM A khar3I hotI haiM / sRSTike mUlabhUta vedAnta darzanake parabrahma nAmaka tattvake viSayameM jainadarzanakI AdhyAtmika mUla mAnyatAke sAtha samanvayAtmaka paddhatise vicAra karanepara ina donoMke sAmyakA spaSTa bodha hojAtA hai pUrvokta kathanase itanA to spaSTa hojAtA hai ki prakRti aura puruSako zrAdi dekara jo saMsArakA sRjana hotA hai usake viSayameM sAMkhya, vedAnta aura jaina tInoM darzanoMkA prANIke zarIrakI sRSTi ke rUpameM samAna dRSTikoNa mAna lenA Avazyaka hai / paraMtu vedAnta darzanameM prakRti aura puruSake mUlameM jo parabrahma nAmaka tattva mAnA gayA hai usakA bhI jainadarzana virodha nahIM karatA hai| isakA zrAzaya yaha hai ki jainadarzanake AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNakA pradhAna pAtra aAtmA hI mAnA gayA hai| kyoMki aAtmA prakRti arthAta karma vargaNAse saMbaddha hokara pUrvokta pAMca prakArakI nokarma vargaNAoM dvArA nirmita paMcabhUtAtmaka zarIrase saMbandha sthApita karatA huzrA janma-maraNa paramparA evaM sukha-duHkha paraMparAke jAlameM phaMsA huA hai / isakI yaha avasthA parAdhIna aura dayanIya mAna lI gayI hai isalie isase chuTakArA pAkara AtmAkA svataMtra svAbhAvika sthAyI sthitiko prApta kara lenA darzana ke AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNakA uddezya hai / jainadarzanameM bhI vedAnta darzanake parabrahmakI taraha aAtmAko sat, cit aura Anandamaya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta jJAtA, dRSTA aura ananta zaktisaMpanna bhI use jainadarzanameM mAnA gayA hai aura yaha nitya ( sarvadA sthAyI ) hai arthAt bhinna-bhinna avasthAaoMke badalate hue bhI isakA mUlataH kabhI nAza nahIM hotA hai / aitA aAtmA hI apanI vaibhAvika zaktike dvArA prakRtike sAtha saMbaddha hokara saMsArI banA huA hai / yaha saMsArI AtmA jaba mumukSu ho jAtA hai to apane zuddha svarUpako lakSyameM rakhatA huA bahirgata padArthoMke saMsArako dhIre dhIre naSTa karake zuddha vedAntI (jainadarzanako dRSTimeM aAtmastha ) hojAtA hai aura taba vaha apane vartamAna zarIrake chUTanepara mukta arthAt sat-cit-aAnandamaya apane svarUpameM lIna hojAtA hai / vedAnta darzanakA parabrahma bhI apanI mAyA zaktike dvArA prakRtike sAtha saMbaddha hokara saMsArI banatA hai aura vaha mumukSu hokara jaba bahirgata padArthoMse pUrNataH apanA saMbandha viccheda karake aAtmastha hojAtA hai taba vartamAna zarIrake chUTa jAnepara sat-cit-aAnandamaya parabrahmake svarUpameM lIna hojAtA hai / isaprakAra isa prakriyAmeM to jainadarzanakA vedAnta darzanake sAtha vaimatya nahIM ho sakatA hai| kevala vedAnta darzanako mAnya parabrahmakI vyApakatA aura ekameM hI nAnA jIvoMkI upAdAna 34
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________________ jaina darzanakA upayogitA vAda kAraNatAke saMbandhameM jainadarzanakA vaimatya raha jAtA hai| lekina isase vedAnta darzanakI tattva mAnyatAkI upayogitAvAda mUlakatAmeM koI antara nahIM AtA hai| ___zaMkA-yadi sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoMko mAnya padArtha vyavasthAmeM paMca bhUtakA artha pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza nahIM to isakA matalaba yaha hai ki ye donoM darzana ukta pAMcoM tattvoMke astitvako mAnanA nahIM cAhate haiM / lekina adRzya honeke sababase AkAza tattvake astitvako yadi na bhI mAnA jAya to bhI pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu ina cAroM dRzya tattvoMke astitvako kaise asvIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai ? samAdhAna-Uparake kathanakA yaha artha nahIM hai ki sAMkhya aura veda nta darzanoMko pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza tattvoMkI sattA hI abhISTa nahIM hai / isakA artha to sirpha itanA hai ki ina donoM darzanoMke mUla-zrAviSkartAoMne ukta pAMcoM tattvoMko svIkAra karake bhI apanI padArtha vyavasthAmeM unako isalie sthAna nahIM diyA hai ki padArtha vyavasthAmeM ukta donoM darzanoMkI dRSTi upayogitA vAda mUlaka hI rahI hai isalie ina pAMcoM tattvoMkA Atma kalyANa meM kucha bhI upayoga na honeke kAraNa ina donoM darzanoM kI padArtha vyavasthAmeM inako sthAna nahIM mila sakA hai| lekina kisI bhI vastukA vivecana na karane mAtrase usakA yaha niSkarSa nikAla lenA anucita hai ki amukako amuka vAyukI sattA hI mAnya nahIM hai / sAtha hI zrImadbhagavadgItAke terahaveM adhyAyake nimna likhita zlokapara dhyAna denese yaha patA calatA hai ki sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoMmeM adRzya AkAza tattvakA puruSa aura prakRti athavA parabrahma se svataMtra anAdi astitva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai "yathA sarvagataM saukSmyAdAkAza nopalipyate / sarvatrAvasthito dehe tathAtmA nopalipyate // 32 // " isa zlokakA artha yaha hai ki jisa prakAra sarvagata hokara bhI sUkSmatAkI vajahase aAkAza kisoke sAtha upalipta nahIM hotA hai usI prakAra (saMkhya matAnusAra ) saba jagaha avasthita aAtmA ( puruSa ) aura ( vedAnta matAnusAra ) saba jagaha rahane vAlA aAtmA ( parabrahma ) bhI dehake sAtha upalita nahIM hotA hai| _yahAM para sAMkhya matAnusAra puruSa aura vedAnta matAnusAra parabrahma svarUpa AtmAko nirlepatA . ko siddha karaneke lie sarvagata aura sUkSma AkAza tattvakA udAharaNa peza kiyA gayA hai / paraMtu prakaraNa ko dekhate hue ukta svarUpa AkAza tattvakA puruSa aura prakRti athavA parabrahmase atirikta jaba taka anAdi astitva nahI svIkAra kara liyA jAtA hai taba taka use ukta svarUpa prAtmAkI nilepatA siddha karanemeM dRSTAnta rUpase kaise upasthita kiyA jA sakatA hai? 35
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha isa prakAra jaba sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzana zrAkAzako svataMtra zranAdi padArtha svIkAra kara lete haiM to unhIM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra usakI prakRti athavA parabrahmase utpatti kaise mAnI jA sakatI ? tathA jisa prakAra ukta donoM kI dRSTimeM AkAza svataMtra padArtha hai ? usI prakAra ukta pattiyoMkI vajahase pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyuko bhI prakRti aura puruSa athavA para brahmase pRthak svataMtra padArtha mAnanA hI ucita hai / upasaMhAra uparyukta vivecanase yaha bAta bilkula spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki sAMkhya aura vedAMta donoM darzanoM kI tattva vicAraNA meM jina pAMca sthUla bhUtoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai ve jaina darzanameM varNita prANIke zarIrakI avayavabhUta pAMca sthUla idriyoMke atirikta dUsarI koI vastu nahIM haiN| isI prakAra pAMca tanmAtrAeM ukta indriyoMkI upAdAna kAraNabhUta pAMca nokarma vargaNAoMke atirikta, pAMca jJAnendriyoM pAMca labdhIndriyoMke atirikta aura pAMca karmendriyAM pAMca upayogeMdriyoM ke atirikta dUsarI koI vastu tarka saMgata nahIM rahatI hai / inake atirikta jainadarzana tathA naiyAyika Adi dUsare vaidika darzanoM meM jina svataMtra pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura AkAza tattvoMkA vivecana pAyA jAtA hai una pAMcoM tatvoM kA sAMkhya tathA vedAnta donoM ho darzanoM meM niSedha nahIM kiyA gayA hai| arthAt doMnoM hI darzanoM ko unakI tattva vyavasthAmeM Aye hue tatvoMke atirikta una tattvoMkI svataMtra sattA bhI hai| kevala una tattvoM ko una donoM darzanoMne apanI tattva vyavasthA meM isalie sthAna nahIM diyA hai ki una tattvoM kA vastu sthiti vAdase hI upayukta saMbaMdha baiThatA hai sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoM ke AdhArabhUta adhyAtma vAda se unakA koI saMbaMdha nahIM / spaSTa hai ki sAMkhya aura vedAnta darzanoM kI jaina darzanake upayogitA vAda (adhyAtmavAda) ke sAtha kAphI samAnatA hai / isI taraha yaha bAta bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki naiyAyika aura vaizeSika darzanoMkI jaina darzana ke astitvavAda (vastusthiti vAda ) ke sAtha kAphI samAnatA hai / 36
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________________ jaina pramANa carcAmeM-- prAcArya kundakundakI dena zrI prA0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA prAstAvika-- prAcArya kundakundane apane granthoMmeM svatantra bhAvase pramANakI carcA to nahIM kI hai aura na umAsvAtikI taraha zabdataH pAMca jJAnoMko pramANa saMjJA hI dI hai| phira bhI jJAnoMkA jo prAsAGgika varNana hai vaha dArzanikoMko pramANa-carcAse prabhAvita hai ho / ataeva jJAna carcAko hI pramANa carcA mAna kara prastutameM varNana kiyA jAtA hai| yaha to kisose chipA huaA nahIM hai ki vAcaka umAsvAtikI jJAnacarcAse prAcArya kundakundakI jJAnacarcA meM dArzanika maulikatAkI mAtrA adhika hai / yaha bAta aAgekI carcAse spaSTa ho skegii| advaitadRSTi--- prAcArya kundakundakA zreSTha grantha samayasAra hai / usameM unhoMne tattvoMkA vivecana nizcaya dRSTikA avalambana lekara kiyA hai| khAsa uddezya to hai AtmAke nirupAdhika zuddhasvarUpakA pratipAdana; kiMtu usIke lie anya tattvoMkA bhI pAramArthika rUpa batAnekA prAcAryane prayatna kiyA hai / AtmAke zuddha svarUpakA varNana karate hue zrAcArya ne kahA hai ki vyavahAra-dRSTike zrAzrayase yadyapi AtmA aura usake jJAnAdi guNoMmeM pArasparika bhedakA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai| phira bhI nizcaya dRSTi se itanA hI kahanA paryApta hai ki jo jJAtA hai vahI AtmA hai, yA AtmA jJAyaka hai, anya kucha bhI nhiiN| isa prakArakI abheda gAminI dRSTine AtmAke sabhI guNoMkA abheda jJAna guNameM kara diyA hai aura anyatra spaSTatayA samarthana bhI kiyA hai ki sampUrNa jJAna hI aikAntika sukha hai / itanA hI nahIM kiMtu dravya aura guNameM arthAt jJAna aura jJAnImeM bhI koI bheda nahIM hai aisA pratipAdana kiyA hai / unakA kahanA hai ki aAtmA kartA ho, jJAna karaNa ho yaha bAta bhI nahIM, kiMtu "jo jANadi so NANaM Na havadi NANeNa jANago AdA / " 1 samayasAra 6,7 / 2 pravacana0 59, 60 / 3 samayasAra 10, 11,433 / paMcA040, 49 / 4 pravacana0 1, 35 / .. 37
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha unhoMne prAtmAko hI upaniSadakI bhASAmeM sarvasva batAyA hai aura usIkA avalambana mukti hai aisA pratipAdana kiyA hai| zrAcArya kundakundakI abheda dRSTiko itanese bhI saMtoSa nahIM huaa| unake sAmane 'vijJAnAdvaita tathA aAtmAdvaitakA bhI Adarza thaa| vijJAnAdvaita vAdiyoMkA kahanA hai ki jJAnameM jJAnAtirikta bAhya padArthoMkA pratibhAsa nahIM hotA, 'sva'kA hI pratibhAsa hotA hai / brahmAdvaitakA bhI yahI abhiprAya hai ki saMsArameM brahmAtirikta kucha nahIM hai / ataeva sabhI pratibhAsoMmeM brahma hI pratibhAsita hotA hai / ina donoM matoMke samanvayakI dRSTi se prAcAryane kaha diyA ki nizcayadRSTi se kevalajJAnI aAtmAko hI jAnatA hai; bAhya padArthoMko nahIM / aisA kaha karake to zrAcArya ne jainadarzana aura advaitavAdakA antara bahuta kama kara diyA hai aura jainadarzanako advaitavAdake nikaTa rakha diyA hai| prAcArya kuMdakuMdakRta sarvajJakI ukta vyAkhyA apUrva hai aura unhIMke kucha anuyAyiyoM taka sImita rahI hai / digambara jaina dArzanika akalaMkAdine bhI ise chor3a hI diyA hai| jJAnakI svapara prakAzakatA-- dArzanika meM yaha eka vivAdakA viSaya rahA hai ki jJAnako svaprakAzaka, paraprakAzaka yA svapara - prakA zaka mAnA jAya / vAcakane isa carcAko jJAnake vivecanameM cher3A hI nahIM hai| sambhavataH prAcArya kundakunda hI prathama prAcArya haiM jinhoMne bauddha-vedAnta sammata jJAnakI svapara-prakAzakatAparase isa carcAkA sUtrapAta jainadarzanameM kiyaa| zrA* kundakundake bAdake sabhI prAcAryoMne prAcArya ke isa mantavyako eka svarase mAnA hai| AcAryakI isa carcAkA sAra nIce diyA jAtA hai jisase unakI dalIloMkA kama dhyAnameM zrA jAyagA-(niyamasAra 160-170) prazna-yadi jJAnako paradravyaprakAzaka, darzanako svadravyakA (jIvakA) prakAzaka aura AtmAko svaparaprakAzaka mAnA jAya taba kyA doSa hai ? (160) uttara-yahI doSa hai ki aisA mAnane para jJAna aura darzanakA atyanta vailakSaNya honese donoMko atyanta bhinna mAnanA pdd'egaa| kyoMki jJAna to paradravyako jAnatA hai, darzana nhiiN| (161) ___ dUsarI Apatti yaha hai ki sva-paraprakAzaka honese AtmA to parakA bhI prakAzaka hai ataeva vaha darzanase jo ki paraprakAzaka nahIM hai, bhinna hI siddha hogA / ( 162) ataeva mAnanA yaha cAhie ki jJAna vyavahAra nayase paraprakAzaka hai aura darzana bhI / AtmA bhI vyavahAranayase hI paraprakAzaka hai aura darzana bhI (163) 1. samayasAra 16-21 / niyamasAra 95-100 2. niyamasAra 157 / 38
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________________ AcArya kundakundakI dena kiMtu nizcayanayakI apekSAse jJAna svaprakAzaka hai aura darzana bhI / tathA AtmA svaprakAzaka hai aura darzana bhI 164) prazna-yadi nizcayanayako hI svIkAra kiyA jAya aura kahA jAya ki kevalajJAnI aAtma svarUpako hI jAnatA hai, lokAlokako nahIM taba kyA doSa hai ? ( 165) uttara -jo mUrta amUrtako, jIva-ajIvako, sva aura sabhIko jAnatA hai usake jJAnako atIndriya pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai| aura jo pUrvokta sakala dravyoMko unake nAnA paryAyoMke sAtha nahIM jAnatA usake jJAnako parokSa kahA jAtA hai| ataeva yadi ekAnta nizcayanayakA Agraha rakhA jAya taba kevalajJAnIko pratyakSa nahIM kiMtu parokSa jJAna hotA hai yaha mAnanA par3egA / (166-167) prazna-aura yadi vyavahAranayakA hI aAgraha rakhakara aisA kahA jAya ki kevalajJAnI lokAlokako to jAnatA hai kiMtu svadravya AtmAko nahIM jAnatA taba kyA doSa hogA ? (168) uttara-jJAna hI to jIvakA svarUpa hai / ataeva paradravyako jAnanevAlA jJAna svadravya zrAtmAko nahIM jAne yaha kaise saMbhava hai ? aura yadi jJAna svadravya AtmAko nahIM jAnatA hai aisA Agraha ho taba yaha mAnanA par3egA ki jJAna jIva-svarUpa nahIM kiMtu usase bhinna hai| vastutaH dekhA jAya to jJAna hI aAtmA hai aura aAtmA hI jJAna hai ataeva vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoMke samanvayase yahI kahanA ucita hai ki jJAna svaparaprakAzaka hai aura darzana bhI / ( 169-170) samyagjJAna vAcaka umAsvAtine samyagjJAnakA artha kiyA hai avyabhicAri, prazasta aura saMgata / kiMtu AcArya kundakundane samyagjJAnakI jo vyAkhyA kI hai usameM dArzanika prasiddha samAropakA vyavaccheda abhipreta hai| unhoMne kahA hai "saMsaya bimoha vibbhama vivajjiyaM hodi saNNANaM' / " arthAt-saMzaya, vimoha aura vibhramase varjita jJAna samyagjJAna hai| - eka dUsarI bAta bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai, khAsakara bauddhAdi dArzanikoMne samyagjJAnake prasaGgameM 'heya aura upAdeya zabdakA prayoga kiyA hai| prAcArya kundakunda bhI heyopAdeya tattvoMke adhigamako samyagjJAna kahate haiM / svabhAva aura vibhAvajJAna-- vAcakane sarvaparamparAke anusAra mati, zruta, avadhi aura manaHparyaya jJAnoMko kSAyo.zamika 1 niyamasAra 51 2. "adhigamabhAvo NANaM heyopAdeyataccANaM / " niyamasAra 52 / suttapAhuDa 5 / niyamasAra 38 / 39
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha aura kevala jJAnako kSAyika kahA hai kiMtu AcArya kuMdakuMdake darzanakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ve sarvagamya paribhASAkA upayoga karate haiM / ataeva unhoMne kSAyopazamika jJAnoMke lie vibhAvajJAna aura kSAyika jJAnake lie svabhAvajJAna ina zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / unakI vyAkhyA hai ki karmopAdhi varjita jo paryAya hoM ve svAbhAvika paryAya haiM aura karmopAdhika jo paryAya hoM ve vaibhAvika paryAya haiM / isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra zuddha AtmAkA jJAnopayoga svabhAvajJAna hai aura zuddha AtmAkA jJAnopayoga vibhAvajJAna hai / pratyakSa-parokSa zrAcArya kuMdakuMdane pUrva paramparAse zrAgata prAcIna zrAgamika vyavasthA ke anusAra hI jJAnoMmeM pratyakSatva-parokSatvakI vyavasthA kI hai| pUrvokta sva para prakAzakI carcAke prasaGgameM pratyakSa-parokSa jJAnakI jo vyAkhyA dI gayI hai vaha pravacanasAra ( 1 - 40.41, 54-58 ) meM bhI hai| kiMtu pravacanasAra meM ukta vyAkhyAko yukti se bhI siddha karanekA prayatna kiyA hai| inakA kahanA hai ki dUsare dArzanika indriyajanya jJAnoMko pratyakSa mAnate haiM kiMtu vaha pratyakSa kaise ho sakatA hai ? kyoM ki indriyAM to anAtmarUpa hone se paradravya haiM / zrataeva indriyoMke dvArA upalabdha vastukA jJAna pratyakSa nahIM ho sakatA / indriya janya jJAnake lie parokSa zabda hI upayukta hai / kyoM ki parase honevAle jJAna hI ko to parokSa kahate haiM / jJaptikA tAtparya -- jJAnadvArA artha jAnanekA matalaba kyA hai ? kyA jJAna artha rUpa hojAtA hai arthAt jJAna aura jJeyakA bheda miTa jAtA hai ? yA jaisA arthakA AkAra hotA hai vaisA AkAra jJAnakA ho jAtA hai ? yA jJAna meM praviSTa ho jAtA hai ? yA artha jJAnameM praviSTa ho jAtA hai ? yA jJAna arthase utpanna hotA hai ? ina praznoMkA uttara zrAcAryane apane DhaMga se denekA prayatna kiyA hai / AcAryakA kahanA hai ki jJAnI jJAna svabhAva hai aura artha jJeya svabhAva / zrataeva bhinna 'sva' vAle ye donoM svatantra haiM ekakI vRtti dUsare meM nahIM hai / aisA kaha karake vastutaH zrAcAryane yaha batAyA hai ki saMsAra meM mAtra vijJAnAdvaita nahIM, bAhya artha bhI hai| unhoMne dRSTAnta diyA hai ki jaise cakSu apane meM rUpakA praveza na hone para bhI rUpako jAnatI hai vaise hI jJAna bAhyArthIko viSaya karatA hai / donoMmeM viSaya-viSayIbhAva rUpa sambandhako chor3akara aura koI sambandha nahIM / athoMmeM jJAna hai isakA tAtparya batalAte hue AcArya indranIla maNikA dRSTAnta diyA hai aura kahA hai ki jaise dUdha ke bartana meM rakhI huI indranIla maNi apanI dIti se 1, niyamasAra 10, 11, 12 / 2, niyamasAra 15 / 3, pravacanasAra 57 58 4. pravacana. 1 28 / 5. pravacana. 1 28, 29 / 40
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________________ zrAcArya kundakundakI dena dUdhake rUpakA abhibhava karake usameM rahatI hai vaise jJAna bhI prathoM meM hai / tAtparya yaha hai dUdhagata maNi svayaM dravyataH saMpUrNa dUdhameM vyApta nahIM hai, phira bhI usakI dItike kAraNa samasta dUdha nIlavarNa dikhAyI detA hai / isIprakAra jJAna saMpUrNa artha meM dravyataH vyApta nahIM hotA hai tathApi vicitra zakti ke kAraNa arthako jAna letA hai isalie artha meM jJAna hai aisA kahA jAtA hai / isIprakAra yadi artha meM jJAna hai to jJAnameM bhI artha hai yaha bhI mAnanA ucita hai / kyoMki yadi jJAnameM artha nahIM to jJAna kisakA hogA ? isaprakAra jJAna aura arthakA paraspara praveza na hote hue bhI viSaya viSayI bhAvake kAraNa 'jJAnameM artha' aura 'artha meM jJAna' isa vyavahArakI upapatti AcAryane batalAyI 1 jJAna darzana yaugapadya- vAcaka umAsvAmi dvArA puSTa kevalIke jJAna aura darzanakA yaugapadya zra0 kundakundane bhI mAnA hai / vizeSatA yaha hai ki AcAryane yaugapadya ke samarthana meM dRSTAnta bhI diyA hai ki jaise sUrya ke prakAza aura tApa yugapad hote haiM vaise hI kevalIke jJAna aura darzanakA yaugapadya hai / "jugavaM vaTTai gANaM kevalaNANissa daMsaNaM tahA / diyara payAsatApaM jaha vaTTai taha muNeyavvaM // " sarvajJakA jJAna- AcArya kundakundane apanI abheda dRSTike anurUpa nizcaya dRSThise sarvajJakI nayI vyAkhyA kI hai / aura bhedadRSTikA avalaMbana karanevAloM ke anukUla hokara vyavahAra dRSTise sarvajJakI vahI vyAkhyA kI hai jo zrAgamoMmeM tathA vAcakake tattvArtha meM bhI hai / unhoMne kahA hai "jAdi passadi savvaM vatrahAraNaeNa kevalI bhagavaM / kevalaNANI jANadi passadi niyameNa appA" // 4 rthAt vyavahAradRSTise kahA jAtA hai ki kevalI sabhI dravyoMko jAnate haiM kiMtu paramArthataH vaha zrAtmAko hI jAnate haiM / sarvajJake vyAvahArika jJAnakI varNanA karate hue unhoMne isa bAtako balapUrvaka kahA hai ki traikA lika sabhI dravyoM aura paryAyoMkA jJAna sarvajJako yugapada hotA hai aisA hI mAnanA cAhiye / " kyoMki yadi vaha traikAlika dravyoM aura unake paryAyoMko yugapada na jAnakara kramazaH jAnegA taba to vaha kisI eka dravyako bhI 1. pravacana0 1 30 / 2. baDI 31 / 3. niyamasAra 159 / 4, niyamasAra 158 / 5. pravacana0 1 47. 41
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha usake sabhI paryAyoM ke sAtha nahIM jAna sakegA / aura jaba eka hI dravyako usake anaMta paryAyoMke sAtha nahIM jAna sakegA to vaha sarvajJa kaise hogaa| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki yadi arthoM kI apekSA karake jJAna kramazaH utpanna hotA hai, aisA mAnA jAya taba koI jJAna nitya kSAyika aura sarva viSayaka siddha hogA nahIM / yahI to sarvajJajJAnakA mAhAtmya hai ki vaha nitya traikAlika sabhI viSayoMko yugapad jAnatA hai| kintu jo paryAya anutpanna haiM aura vinaSTa haiM aise adbhuta paryAyoMko kevalajJAnI kisa prakAra jAnatA hai isa praznakA uttara unhoMne diyA hai ki samasta dravyoMke sadbhUta aura asadbhUta sabhI paryAya vizeSa rUpase vartamAna kAlika paryAyoM kI taraha spaSTa pratibhAsita hote haiM / yahI to usa jJAnakI divyatA hai ki vaha ajJAta aura naSTa donoM paryAyoMko jAna letA hai| matijJAna prAcArya kaMdakuMdane matijJAnake bhedoMkA nirUpaNa prAcIna paraMparA ke anukUla avagrahAdi rUpase karake hI santoSa nahIM mAnA kintu anya prakArase bhI kiyA hai| vAcakane eka jIvameM adhikase adhika cAra jJAnoMkA yaugapadya mAnakara bhI kahA hai ki una cAroMkA upayoga to kramazaH hI hogA' / ataeva yaha to nizcita hai ki vAcakane matijJAnAdike labdhi aura upayoga aise do bhedoMko svIkAra kiyA hI hai| kiMtu AcArya kundakundane matijJAnake upalabdhi, bhAvanA aura upayoga ye tIna bheda bhI kiye haiN| prastutameM upalabdhi, labdhi-samAnArthaka nahIM hai / vAcakakA matiupayoga hI upalabdhi zabdase vivakSita jAna par3atA hai| indriya janya jJAnoMke lie dArzanikoMmeM upalabdhi zabda prasiddha hI hai| usI zabdakA prayoga prAcAryane usI arthameM yahAMpara kiyA hai| indriya janya jJAna ke bAda manuSya upalabdha viSayameM saMskAra dRDha karaneke lie jo manana karatA hai vaha bhAvanA hai| isa jJAnameM manakI mukhyatA hai / isake bAda upayoga hai| yahAM upayoga zabda kA artha sirpha jJAna vyApAra nahIM kintu bhAvita viSayameM AtmAkI tanmayatA hI upayoga zabdase AcAryako iSTa hai / aisA jAna par3atA hai| zrutajJAna vAcaka umAsvAmi ne 'pramANanayairadhigamaH" isa sUtrameM nayIko pramANase pRthaka rakhA hai| .1 prabacana. 1-48. / 2. pravacana. 149 / 5. ,. 4-37,38. / 6- , 1-39. / 7 tatvArtha. bhAga 1-31 / 8 paMcAsti. 42, /
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________________ zrAcArya kundakundakI dena vAcakane pAMca jJAnoMke sAtha pramANoMkA abheda to batAyA hI hai kintu nayoMko kisa jJAnameM samAviSTa karanA, isakI carcA nahIM kI hai| prAcArya kundakuMdane zrutake bhedoMkI carcA karate hue nayoMko bhI zrutakA eka bheda batalAyA hai unhoMne zrutake bheda isa prakAra kiye haiM labdhi, bhAvanA, upayoga aura naya / zrAcAryane samyagdarzanako vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki prApta-aAgama aura tattvakI zraddhA samyagdarzana hai 3 aApake lakSaNa meM anya guNoM ke sAtha kSudhA, tRSAdikA abhAva bhI batalAyA hai arthAt unhoMne prAptakI vyAkhyA digaMbara mAnyatAke anusArakI hai / aAgamakI vyAkhyAmeM unhoMne vacanako pUrvApara doSa rahita kahA hai / usase unakA tAtparya dArzanikoMke pUrvApara virodha doSa rAhityase hai / nizcaya-vyavahAra naya-- __ zrAcArya kuMdakundane nayoMke naigamAdi bhedoMkA vivaraNa nahIM kiyA hai / kintu zrAgamika vyavahAra aura nizcaya nayakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai aura una donoM nayoMke aAdhArase mokSamArgakA aura tattvoMkA pRthakkaraNa kiyA hai / nizcaya aura vyavahArakI vyAkhyA prAcArya ne AgamAnukUla hI kI hai kintu una nayoM ke aAdhArase vicAraNIya viSayoMkI adhikatA prAcArya ke graMthoM meM spaSTa hai| una viSayoM meM yAtmAdi kacha viSaya to aise haiM jo AgamameM bhI haiM kintu prAgamika varNanameM yaha nahIM batAyA gayA ki yaha vacana amuka nayakA hai / prAcArya ke vivecana ke prakAzameM yadi aAgamoMke una vAkyoMkA bodha kiyA jAya taba yaha spaSTa hojAtA hai ki zrAgamameM ve vAkya kaunase nayake Azrayase prayukta hue haiM / ukta do nayoMkI vyAkhyA karate hue prAcAryane kahA hai "vavahAro'bhUdattho bhUdattho desido du suddhaNayo" arthAt vyavahAra naya abhUtArtha hai aura zuddha arthAt nizcayanaya bhUtArtha hai / tAtparya itanA hI hai ki vastuke pAramArthika tAttvika zuddha svarUpakA grahaNa nizcaya nayase hotA hai aura azuddha apAramArthika yA laukika svarUpakA grahaNa vyavahAra nayase hotA hai / vastutaH cha dravyoM meM se jIva aura pudgala ina do dravyoMke viSayameM sAMsArika jIvoMko bhrama hotA hai| jIva saMsArAvasthA meM prAyaH pudgalase bhinna upalabdha nahIM hotA hai / ataeva sAdhAraNa loga jIvameM kaI aise dharmoMkA adhyAsa kara dete haiM jo vastutaH usake nahIM hote / isI prakAra pudgalake viSayameM bhI viparyAsa kara dete haiN| isI viparyAsakI dRSTise vyavahArako abhUtArthagrAhI kahA gayA hai aora nizcayako bhuutaarthgraahii| parantu prAcArya isa bAtako 1 tatvArtha. bhAga 1-10, / 2 pacAsti- 43 / 3. niyamasAra 50 / 5 ,8,106. 7. samayasAra 13 / 43
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bhI mAnate hI haiM ki viparyAsa bhI nirmUla nahIM hai / jIva anAdikAlase mithyAtva, ajJAna aura avirati ina tIna pariNAmoMse pariNata hotA hai / inhoM pariNAmoMke kAraNa yaha saMsArakA sArA viparyAsa hai, isase inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yadi hama saMsArakA astitva mAnate hai to vyavahAra nayake viSayakA bhI astitva mAnanA pdd'egaa| vastutaH nizcayanaya bhI taba taka eka svatantra naya hai jaba taka usakA pratipakSI vyavahAra naya maujUda hai| yadi vyavahAra naya nahIM to nizcaya bhI nahIM / yadi saMsAra nahIM to mokSa bhI nhiiN| saMsAra aura mokSa jaise paraspara sApekSa haiM usI prakAra vyavahAra aura nizcaya bhI paraspara sApekSa haiM / prAcArya kundakundane parama tatvakA varNana karate hue ina donoM nayoMkI sApekSatAko dhyAnameM rakhakara hI kaha diyA hai ki vastutaH tattvakA varNana na nizcayase ho sakatA hai na vyavahArase kyoMki ye donoM naya amaryAditako, avAcyako,maryAdita aura vAcya banA kara varNana karate haiM / ataeva vastukA paramazuddha svarUpa to pakSAtikAnta hai / vaha na vyavahAra grAhya hai na nizcaya grAhya / jaise jIvako vyavahArake zrAzrayase. bara kahA jAtA hai aura nizcayake Azrayase abaddha kahA jAtA hai / sApha hai ki jIvameM abaddhakA vyavahAra bhI baddhakI apekSAse huA hai ataeva zrAcArya ne kaha diyA ki vastutaH jIva na baddha hai aura na anaddha kintu pakSAti krAnta hai / yahI samayasAra hai, yahI paramAtmA hai 3 vyavahAra nayake nirAkaraNa ke lie nizcaya nayakA avalaMbana hai kintu nizcaya nayAvalambana hI kartavyako itizrI nahIM hai / usake Azrayase AtmAke svarUpakA bodha karake use chor3ane para hI tathyakA sAkSAtkAra saMbhava hai / prAcArya ke prastuta matake sAtha nAgArjunake nimnamatakI tulanA karanA cAhie / zUnyatA sarvadRSTInAM proktA niHsaraNaM jinaiH / yeSAM tu zUnyatA dRSTistAna sAdhyAn babhAzire // mAdhya. 13.8 // zUnyamiti na vaktavyamazUnyamiti vA bhavet / ubhayaM nobhayaM ceti prajJaptyarthaM tu kathyate // mAdhya. 22-11 // prasaMgase nAgArjuna aura prA. kuMdakuMdakI eka anya bAtabhI tulanIya hai jisakA nirdeza bhI upayukta hai / prAcArya kuMdakuMdane kahA hai 1-sayasAra 96 / 2 samayasAra tAtparya. pR. 69 3. kammaM baddhamabaddha jIve evaM tu jANa naya pakkhaM / pakkaMkhAtikato puNa bhaNNadi jo so smysaaro|| samayasAra 152. / 44
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________________ 7 ye hI zabda nAgArjuna ke kathana meM bhI haiM-- 8 1. samayasAra 7, 19, 300 se / 2 32 se / 9 samaya- 153 / jJAnAdiguNa aura AtmAkA sambandha', zrAtmA aura dehakA sambandha, jIva aura adhyavasAya, guNasthAna yAdikA sanbandha 3, mokSamArga jJAnAdi 4, zrAdhmA", kartRtva, grAtmA aura karma, kriyA, bhoga, baddhatva aura abaddhatva' mokSApayogI liMga, baMdha vicAra, sarvajJatva 11, pudgala 12 / mAdhya pR 370 | kucha AcAryane aneka viSayoM kI carcA ukta donoM nayoM ke zrAzrayase kI hai, jinameM se dovavi NayANa bhaNiyaM jANai NavaraM tu samayapaDivaddho / du NayapakkhaM girahadi kici vi Nayapakkha parihINo // 3 61 se / 4 pacA0 167 se, niyama0 54 se darzanaprA0 20 / 5 samaya0 6.16 ityAdi, niyama0 49 | 6 "" " jahaNavi sakkamaNajo zraNajabhAsaM viNAhugA hehuM / taha vavahAreNa viNA paramatthuvadesaNamasakkaM // samayasAra 8 / " 39 nAnyathA bhASayA mlecchaH zakyo grAhayituM yathA / na laukikamRte: lokaH zakyo grAhayituM tathA // dw 444 zrAcArya kundakundakI dena 24-9 Adi, ,, 18 / 386 se / 151 / 10 pravacana0 2-97 / 11 niyama0 158 / 12 " 29 45 ye haiM-
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________________ jaina-nyAyakA vikAsa zrI paM0 darabArIlAla nyAyAcArya koThiyA, Adi jana nyAyakI bhUmikA, jainanyAyake vikAsapara vicAra karaneke pahale usake prAk itihAsa aura udgamapara eka dRSTi DAla lenA ucita evaM Avazyaka hai / jaina-anuzrutike anusAra jaina dharmameM isa yuga-sambandhI caubIsa tIrthaGkara ( arhat-dharma pravartaka mahApuruSa ) hue haiM / inameM pahale tIrthaGkara zrI RSabhadeva haiM, jinheM AdibrahmA, AdinAtha aora vRSabha bhI kahA jAtA hai aura jinakA ullekha bhAgavata, zrAdi vaidika purANa-granthoMmeM bhI huaA hai evaM jinheM jinadharmapravartaka batalAyA gayA hai / inake bAda kramazaH vibhinna samayoMmeM bIsa tIrthaGkara aura hue' pAra jo mahAbhArata kAlase bahuta pUrva hue haiM / inake pazcAt mahAbhAratakAlameM zrIkRSNa ke samakAlIna bAIsaveM tIrthaGkara ariSTanemi hue, jo unake cAcA samudravijayake rAjaputra the / inake koI eka hajAra varSa pIche teIsaveM tIrthaGkakara pArzvanAtha hue, jo kAzInareza vizvasenake rAjakumAra the / inake aDhAI sau varSa bAda caubIsave tIrthaGkara varddhamAna-mahAvIra hue, jo ma0 buddha ke samakAlIna haiM aura jinheM aAja lagabhaga aDhAI hajAra varSa ho gaye haiN| ye sabhI tIrthaGkara eka dUsarese kAphI antarAla para hae haiN| jainadharmakI atyanta prAmANika mAnyatA hai ki ye tIrthaGkara jo dharmopadeza dete haiM use unake gaNadhara (yogyatama pradhAna ziSya) bAraha aGgomeM nibaddha karate haiM, jinheM jaina zAstrI bhASAmeM dvAdazAGga zruta' kahA jAtA hai / isa dvAdazAGgazrutakA jaina loka ArSa, Agama siddhAnta, pravacana, Adi saMjJAoM dvArA bhI ullekha karate haiM / isa taraha RSabhadevase lekara varddhamAna mahAvIra takake sabhI ( caubIsoM ) tIrtha 1 unake nAma ye haiM-ajita, sambhava, abhinandana, sumati, padmaprabha, supArza, candra pama, puSpadanta, zAtala, zreyAMsa, vAsupUjya, vimala, ananta, dharma, zAnti, kunthu, ara, maTila, munisuvrata aura nAma / 2 ina sabakA vistRta svarUpAdi vivecana akalakadeva (vi. 7 vIM zatI ) kRta tattvArthavArtika aura 'pakhaNDAgama' (vi. 1 lI zatI) kI vizAla TIkA vIrasenA vArya (vi. 9 vIM zatI) kRta 'dhavalA' kI 1 jinda (pR. 96---122) meM dekhie|
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________________ jaina - nyAyakA vikAsa GkaroMkA upadeza 'dvAdazAGga zruta' kahalAtA / yaha 'dvAdazAGga zruta' 1 aGga praviSTa ( dvAdazAGga ) aura 2 zrRGgabAhyake bhedase do prakArakA hai / ina donoMke bhI uttara bhedopabheda vividha haiM / praviSTa arthAt dvAdazAGgazrutake bAraha bheda haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM-1 zrAcAra, 2 sUtrakRt, 3 sthAna, 4 samavAya, 5 vyAkhyAprajJapti, 6 nAthadharmakathA, 7 upAsakAdhyayana, 8 zrantakRddaza, 9 anuttaraupapAdika daza, 12 praznavyAkaraNa, 41 vipAkasUtra aura 12 dRSTivAda / dRSTivAdake bhI pAMca bheda haiM-1 parikarma, 2 sUtra, 3 prathamAnuyoga, 4 pUrvaMgata aura 5 cUlikA / inameM parikarmake 5, pUrvagatake 24 aura cUlikA 5 uttarabheda bhI haiM / parikarmake 5 bheda ye haiM- 1 candraprajJapti, 2 sUryaprajJapti, 3 jambUdvIpaprajJapti, 4 dvIpasAgara prajJapti caura 5 vyAkhyA prajJapti ( yaha pAMcaveM aGga vyAkhyA prajJaptise alaga hai ) / pUrvagata ke 14 bheda nimna prakAra haiM-1 utpAda, 2 zrAgrAyaNIyapUrva, 3 vIryAnupravAdapUrva, 4 astinAstipravAda, 5 jJAnapravAda, 6 satyapravAda, 7 zrAtmapravAda, 8 karmapravAda, pratyAkhyAtanAmadheya 10 vidyAnuvAda 11 kalyANanAmadheya, 12 prANAvAya, 13 kriyAvizAla, aura 14 lokavindusAra / cUlikAke 5 bheda isa prakAra haiM -1 jalagatA, 2 sthalagatA, 3 mAyAgatA, 4 rupagatA aura 5 zrAkAzagatA / zrutakA dUsarA bhedajo aGga bAhya hai usake 14 bheda haiM / ve ye haiM - 1 sAmAyika, caturviMzati stava, 3 vandanA, 4 pratikramaNa, 5 vainayika, 6 kRtikarma, 7 dazavaikAlika, 8 uttarAdhyayana, 9 kalpavyavahAra, 10 kalyAkalpya, 11 mahAkalpa, 12 puNDarIka, 13 mahApuNDarIka aura 14 nibiddhikA / yaha aGgabAhyazruta aGgapraviSTa zrutake zrAdhArase AcAryoM dvArA racA jAnese 'aGgabAhya' kahalAtA hai aura aGgapraviSTa tIrthaGkara sarvajJa devake sAkSAt upadezoMko sunakara viziSTabuddhi gaNadharoM dvArA saMkalita kiyA jAtA hai aura isalie use Gga praviSTa kahA jAtA / zruta bahuvidha zAkhA, upazAkhA aura prazAkhAoM meM bhI vibhakta hai aura bahuta vizAla tathA samudrakI taraha gambhIra evaM apAra hai / isa dvAdazAGga zrutake zrAdhArase hI uttarakAlIna AcArya vividha viSayaka grantharAzi racate haiM / ina bAraha aGgoM meM jo bArahavAM 'dRSTivAda' zrRGga hai usameM vibhinna vAdiyoMkI mAnyatAoMkA nirUpaNa aura samAlocana rahatA hai / yaha 'dRSTivAda' zruta hI jaina mAnyatAnusAra 'jainanyAya' kA udgama sthAna hai / ataeva zrutapravAhakI apekSA jainanyAyakA udgama bhagavAn RSabhadevake dvAdazAGga zrutagata dRSTivAda taka pahuMca jAtA hai / yadyapi bhagavAn RSabhadevase lekara bhagavAn pArzvanAtha taka kA dvAdazAGga zruta vicchinna aura lupta ho jAne se vartamAnameM anupalabdha evaM aprApta hai tathA varddhamAna mahAvIrakA dvAdazAGga zruta bhI Aja pUrA upalabdha nahIM hai kevala usakA bArahavAM dRSTivAda aGgahI aMza rUpameM pAyA jAtA hai, zeSa gyAraha aGga aura bArahaveM aGgakA bahu bhAga naSTa aura lupta ho cuke haiM / yadyapi zvetAmbara paramparA gyAraha kI upalabdhi aura bArahaveM aGgakA viccheda svIkAra karatI hai / tathApi prAmANika zrAcArya 1 "... eSAM dRSTizatAnAM trayANAM SaSTyuttarANAM prarUpaNaM nigrahazca dRSTivAde kriyate " -dhavalA jilda 1 pR0 108 / 47
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha paramparA, jaina-anuzrutiyoM aura jaina purANoMke vizvasanIya AkhyAtoMse prakaTa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrake pahale sudra kAlameM bhI zruta pravAha pravAhita thA aura mukhyataH vaha maukhika thA-dRDha dhAraNa-zaktike aAdhArapara use sthira rakhA jAtA thA ! bhagavAna mahAvIrakA dvAdazAGga zruta bhI bahuta kAla taka lagabhaga unake pAMca sau varSa bAda taka prAyaH maukhika hI rahA aura bahuta pIche use aAMzika rUpase nibaddha-grantharacanA rUpase saMkalita-kiyA gayA hai| aAja bhI jo hameM dRSTivAdakA aMzarUpa zrutAvazeSa prApta hai aura jo lagabhaga do hajAra varSa pUrvakA racita hai usameM bhI jainanyAyake udgamabIja milate haiN| zrA0 bhUtabali aura puSpadantakRta 'paTakhaNDAgama' meM 'siyA pajjattA, siyA apajjattA', 'maNusa apajattA, dabba pamANeNa kevaDiyA ? asaMkhejA' tathA prAcAryamUrdhanya kundakuMda svAmIke pravacanasAra, paMcAstikAya, Adi aAgama graMthoMmeM 'jamhA', 'tamhA', 'siya asthi Natthi uhayaM' jaise yukti pravaNa zabdaprayoga aura praznottara pracuratAse upalabdha hote haiM / jinase spaSTa hai ki jainanyAyakA udgama dvAdazAGga zrutagata 'dRSTivAda' aGga hai| zvetAmbara aAgamoMmeM bho 'se keNaTheNaM bhaMte, evamuccaI', 'jIvANaM bhaMte ? kiM sAsayA asAsayA ? goyamA ! jIvA siya sAsayA siya asAsayA / goyamA ! davvaTTayAe sAsayA bhAvaTTayAe asAsayA' jaise tarka garne praznottara jagaha jagaha pAye jAte haiM / isalie hama kaha sakate haiM ki jainanyAyake unameM bhI bIja nihita haiM / zrI upAdhyAya yazovijaya' (I0 15 bI zatI ) ne to spaSTatayA kahA hai ki "syAdvAdArtho dRSTivAdArNavotthaH" arthAt syAdvAdArtha-jainanyAya, dRSTivAdarUpa arNava ( samudra) se utpanna huA hai / vastutaH 'syAdvAda-nyAya' hI jainanyAya hai aura isIlie pratyeka jaina tIrthaGkarake upadezako 'syAdvAdanyAya' yukta kahA gayA hai| svAmI samantabhadra ( vi. saM. 2 rI, 3 rI zatI) jaise yugapravartakAcAryoMne bha0 mahAvIra aura unake pUrvavartI sabhI tIrthaGkAroMko 'syAdvAdino nAtha tavaiva yuktam 2 'syAcchabdastAvake nyAye', 'syAdvAdanyAya vidviSAm'4 aAdi padaprayogoM dvArA syAdvAdanyAya pratipAdaka udghoSita kiyA hai| ataH yaha mAnane yogya hai ki jainanyAyakA udbhava 'dRSTivAda' se huA hai| ___ kucha logoMkA rata hai ki jainanyAya, brAhmaNanyAya aura bauddha nyAyake pIche pratiSThita huA hai isalie usakA udbhava unhIM donoM nyAyoMse huA pratIta hotA hai| parantu unakA yaha mata abhrAnta nahIM hai; kyoMki jaba hameM bhagavAn mahAvIrake upalabdha upadezoMmeM vipula mAtrAmeM jainanyAyake bIja milate haiM aura khAsakara isa hAlatameM, jaba unake upadezoMkA saMgraharUpa eka dRSTivAda nAmakA svataMtra aGga hI aisA maujUda 1 dekho, aSTasahalI TIkA pR. 1 / 2 svayambhUstotra gata zambhava jina stotra zloka 14 / 3 arajina stotra zlo 102 / 4 AptamI0 zlo. 13 / 48
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________________ jaina-nyAya vikAsa hai jisameM vibhinna dRSTiyoM, matoM, siddhAntoMkA khaNDana-maNDana kiyA jAtA hai aura yaha khaNDana-maNDana, pakSa pratipakSa, yukti-pratiyukti tathA hetu-tarka-pramANoMke vinA asambhava hai / taba yaha sutarAM siddha hai ki jainanyAyakA udgama sthAna jaina zruta hI hai anya nahIM / hamAre isa kathanakI puSTi eka anya pramANase bhI hotI hai / jaina nyAyake samuddhAraka mahAn jaina tArkika bhaTTAkalaGkadevake pahale, unake ullekhAnusAra prAyaH kucha guNa-dveSI tArkikoMne jainanyAyako chala, jAti, nigrahasthAnAdi kalpanArUpa ajJAnatamake mahAtmyase malina kara diyA thA, isa mailako unhoMne kisI prakAra dhokara use nirmala banAyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki jaina nyAyakA udbhava anya (brAhmaNa aura bauddha ) nyAyoMse nahIM huA, balki unake dvArA jainanyAya malina banA diyA gayA thA aura jisa malinatAko akalaGka jaise mahAn jainanyAya samuddhArakoM athavA punaH pratiSThApakoMne dUra kiyA hai / ____ yadyapi chAndogyopaniSada (a0 7) meM eka 'vAko vAkya' zAstra-vidyAkA ullekha hai, jisakA artha tarkazAstra, uttara-pratyuttarazAstra, yukti pratiyukti zAstra kiyA jAtA hai / aura isI taraha AnvIkSikI nAmakI eka vidyAkA, jise nyAya vidyA athavA nyAyazAstra kahA jAtA hai, brAhmaNa sAhityameM kathana milatA hai tathA takSazilAke vizvavidyAlayameM darzanazAstra evaM nyAyazAstra adhyayanaadhyApanake saMketa milate batalAye jAte haiM / tathApi hamArA kahanA yaha nahIM hai ki jainanyAyake samayameM anya nyAya nahIM rahe | hamArA kahanA to itanA hI hai ki jainanyAyakA unase udbhava nahIM huaA-usakA udbhava apane 'dRSTivAda' zrutase huA hai| yahA~ hama yaha bhI ullekha kara denA cAhate haiM ki jainetara nyAyoMmeM bahuta kucha viziSTatA evaM uttamatA (anekAntakA samarthana jaisI vastu ) isI dRSTivAdase AI pratIta hotI hai; kyoMki vaha mahAn ratnAkara hai-usa viSayakA sabase bar3A samudra athavA zrAkara hai / prAcAryasiddha sena, akalaMka aura vidyAnanda bhI yahI kahate haiN| prAcArya pravara siddhasena eka jagaha to yaha bhI kahate haiM 1 "bAlAnAM hitakAminAmatimahApApaiH puropArjitaH, mAhAtmyAttamasaH svayaM kalibalAtprAyo guNadveSibhiH / nyAyo'yaM malinIkRtaH kathamapi prakSAlya nenIyate, samya jJAnajalaicobhiramalai tatrAnukampAparaiH / / --nyAyavini0 zlo0 2 / 2 dekho, DAkTara bhagavAnadAsakRta-'darzanakA prayojana' pR. 1 / 3 kaH punaraya nyAyaH ? pramANairarthaparIkSaNa nyAyaH / AnvIkSikI-nyAyavidmA--nyAyazAstram / nyAyabhASya (vAtsyAyanakRta) pR04 / 4 dekho, 'prAcIna bhAratake zikSAkendra' zIrSaka nibandha (zrIkRSNadatta vAjapeyI likhita ) vikramasmRtigrantha pR0 718 // 5 "sunizcitaM naH paratantrayuktiSu sphuranti yAH kAzcana suuktsmpdH| tavaiva tAH pUrvamahArNavotthitA jagatpramANaM jina vAkyavipuSaH / / " dvAtriMzatkA 1-30 / 6 dekho, tatvArthavArtika pR0 295 / 7 dekho, aSTasahastrI pR. 238 / 8 "udadhAviva sarvasiMdhavaH samudIrNAstvayi sarvadRSTayaH / na ca tAsu bhavAnudIkSyate pravibhaktAsu saritsvivodadheH / / ' -dvAtriMzatkA 4-15 /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ki "jisa prakAra samudrameM samasta nadiyAM avatarita hotI haiM usI prakAra tumhAre ( syAdvAdazAsana ) meM samasta ekAnta dRSTiyAM avatIrNa haiM / parantu jisa prakAra pRthak pRthak nadiyoMmeM samudra nahIM dekhA jAtA usI taraha pRthak pRthak ekAnta dRSTiyoMmeM tumhArA syAdvAdazAsana ( anekAntazAsana ) nahIM dekhA jaataa|" phalitArtha yaha huA ki jainanyAya ( syAdvAda ) kA udgama itara nyAyoM (nityatvAdi ekAnta samarthaka dRSTiyoM ) se na hokara sudUravartI syAdvAdAtmaka dRSTivAda nAmake bArahaveM zrutAGga ( sUtra) se huA hai| hAM, yaha jarUra hai ki pichale kucha kAloMmeM ukta nyAyoMke kramika vikAsake sAtha jaina nyAyakA bhI kramika vikAsa huzrA hai aura unakI vividha zAstra racanA jaina nyAyakI vividha zAstraracanAmeM preraka huI hai| . jainanyAyakA vikAsa jainanyAyake vikAsako tIna kAloMmeM bAMTA jA sakatA hai aura una kAloMke nAma nimna prakAra rakhe jA sakate haiM: 1. samantabhadra-kAla (I0 200 se I0 650 tk)| 2. akalaMka-kAla (I0 650 se I0 1050 tk)| 3. prabhAcandra-kAla (I0 1050 se I0 1700 tk)| 1. samantabhadra-kAla-jainanyAyake vikAsake prathamakAlakA nAma samantabhadrakAla hai / svAmI samantabhadra ne bhAratIya dArzanika kSetrake jainadarzanakSetrameM yugapravartakakA kArya kiyA hai / unake pahale jainadarzanake prANabhUta tattva syAdvAdako prAyaH AgamarUpa hI prApta thA aura usakA yAgamika tattvoMke nirUpaNameM hI upayoga hotA thA aura sIdhI sAdI vivecanA kara dI jAtI thI-vizeSa yuktivAda denekI usa samaya AvazyakatA na hotI thI; parantu samantabhadrake samayameM usakI atyanta AvazyakatA mahasUsa huI kyoM ki aitihAsika vidvAn jAnate haiM ki vikramakI dUsarI, tIsarI zatAbdIkA samaya bhArata varSake itihAsameM apUrva dArzanika krAntikA samaya rahA hai / isa samaya vibhinna darzanoMmeM aneka krAntikAraka vidvAna paidA hue haiM / yadyapi bhagavAn mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha ke kAlameM yajJapradhAna vaidika paramparAkA bar3hA huaA prabhAva kAphI kama ho gayA thA aura zramaNa-jaina tathA bauddha paramparAkA prabhAva sarvatra vyApta ho cukA thA; lekina kucha zatAbdiyoMke bAda hI vaidika paramparAkA prabhAva punaH prastuta huaA aura vaidika vidvAnoM dvArA zramaNa paramparAke siddhAMtoMkI nuktA-cInI aura kATa-chAMTa prArambha ho gayI / phalasvarUpa zramaNaparamparA-bauddhaparamparAmeM azvaghoSa, mAtRceTa, nAgArjuna prabhRti vidvAnoMkA prAdarbhAva huA aura unhoMne bhI vaidika paramparAke siddhAntoM evaM mAnyatAoMkA sabalatAke sAtha khaNDana aura apane siddhAMtoMkA maNDana, pratiSThApana tathA pariSkAra karanA 1 "suttaM aTThAsIdi-lakkha-padehi 8800000 abaMdhI avalevao akattA abhottA NigguNo savagao aNumetto Natthi jIvA jIvo ceva atthi puDhaviyAdINaM samudaeNa jIvo uppajjai NicceyaNo NANeNa viNA saceyaNo Nicco aNicco apyeti vaNNedi / terAmiya NiyadivAda viNNANavAdaM saddavAdaM pahANavAdaM davavAdaM purisavAda ca vaSNedi |--dhvlaa, jilda 1. pR0110 / 50
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________________ jainanyAyakA vikAsa zurU kara diyA / udhara vaidika paramparAmeM bAdako kaNAda, gautama (akSapAda ), vAdarAyaNa, jaimini, Adi mahA udyogI vaidika vidvAnoMkA AvirbhAva huA aura unhoMne bhI apane vaidika siddhAMtoM evaM mAnyatAoM kA saMrakSaNa prayatna karate hue azvaghoSAdi bauddha vidvAnAMke khaNDana maNDanakA sayuktika javAba diyA / isI saMgharSameM IzvarakRSNa, asaMga, vasubandhu, vindhyavAsI, vAtsyAyana prabhRti kitane hI vidvAn donoM paramparAzro meM aura hue / isa taraha usa samaya sabhI darzana akhAr3e bana cuke the aura eka dUsare darzanake vidvAnako parAsta karaneke lie tatpara hI nahIM, balki juTa cuke the / isa sabakA AbhAsa hameM usa kAlameM race gaye azvaghoSa, mAtRceTa, nAgArjuna, kaNAda, gautama, jaimini, vAdarAyaNa, prabhRti vidvAnoMke upalabdha sAhityase spaSTatayA hotA hai| jaba ye vidvAn apane apane darzanake ekAnta pakSoM aura mAnyatAaoke samarthana tathA para-pakSa nirAkaraNameM lage hue the taba isI samaya dakSiNa bhAratake kSitijapara jaina paramparAmeM samantabhadra kA udaya huzrA / ye pratibhAkI mUrti aura kSAtratejase sampanna the / unakA sUkSma aura agAdha pANDitya tathA samanvayakAriNI pratibhA ye saba bejor3a the| isIse unhoMne vidvAnoMmeM sarvocca sthAna prApta kara liyA thA' / ataeva zrIyuta esa0 esa rAmasvAmI aAyyaMgara, ema0 e. jaise vizruta vidvAnoMko bhI nimna udgAra prakaTa karane par3e haiM 'dakSiNa bhAratameM samantabhadrakA udaya, na sirpha, digambara sampradAyake itihAsameM hI, balki saMskRta sAhityake itihAsameM bhI eka khAsa yugako aMkita karatA hai2 samantabhadrake samayameM jina ekAntavAdoMkA atyadhika prAbalya thA aura jinakA samanvaya karaneke liye unheM abhUtapUrva lekhanI uThAnI par3I ve prAyaH nimna the bhAvaikAnta, abhAvaikAnta, dvaitaikAnta, advaitaikAnta, nityakAMta, anityakAMta, bhedaikAMta, abhedaikAMta, hetuvAda, ahetuvAda, apekSAvAda, anapekSAvAda, daivavAda, puruSArthavAda, Adi / bhAvaikAntavAdIkA kahanA thA ki saba bhAvarUpa hI hai.-abhAvarUpa koI bhI vastu nahIM hai 'sarve sarvatra vidyate'-saba saba jagaha hai na koI prAgabhAvarUpa hai, na pradhvaMsAbhAvarUpa hai, na anyonyAbhAvarUpa hai, aura na atyaMtAbhAvarUpa hai / isake viparIta abhAvavAdI kahatA thA ki saba jagata abhAvarUpa hai-zUnyamaya hai, jo bhAvamaya samajhatA hai vaha mithyA hai| yaha dAzanikoMkA pahalA saMgharSa thaa| - dUsarA saMgharSa thA eka aura anekakA / eka (advaita ) vAdI kahatA thA ki vastu eka hai, aneka nahIM, anekakA darzana kevala mAyA vijRmbhita hai| isake viruddha anekavAdI siddha karatA thA ki padArtha aneka haiM--eka nahIM hai / yadi eka ho to ekake maranepara sabakA maranA aura ekake paidA honepara. sabake paidA honekA prasaGga aAvegA joki na dRSTa hai aura na iSTa hai| 1 jasA ki AcArya jinasena ( I0 9 vIM zatI) ne Adi purANameM kahA hai "kavInAM gamakAnAM ca vAdinAM vAgminAmapi / yazaH samantabhadrIya mUrSina cUDAmaNIyate / / " 2 rekhoM. 'sTeDIja ina sAUtha iNDiyana jainijma' /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha tIsarA dvandva thA nitya aura anityakA / nityavAdI kathana karatA thA ki vastu nitya hai / yadi vaha anitya ho to usake nAza hojAneke bAda phira yaha duniyA aura sthira vividha vastueM kyoM dikhatI hai ? anityavAdI kahatA thA ki vastu pratisamaya naSTa hotI hai vaha kabhI sthira nahIM rhtii| yadi nitya ho to logoMkA janma, maraNa, vinAza, abhAva, parivartana Adi nahIM honA cAhiye / cauthA saMgharSa thA sarvathA bheda aura sarvathA abhedako svIkAra karanekA / sarvathA bhedavAdIkA kahanA thA ki kArya-kAraNa, guNa-guNI aura sAmAnya-sAmAnyavAn Adi sarvathA pRthak pRthak haiM, apRthaka nahIM / yadi apRthak hoM to ekakA dUsaremeM anupraveza hojAnese dUsarekA bhI astitva Tika nahIM sktaa| isake viparIta sarvathA abhedavAdI pratipAdana karatA thA ki kArya-kAraNa Adi sarvathA apRthak haiM; kyoMki yadi ve pRthak pRthak hoM to jisaprakAra pRthak siddha ghaTa aura paTameM kArya-kAraNabhAva yA guNa guNIbhAva nahIM hai usI prakAra kArya-kAraNarUpase abhimatoM athavA guNa guNIrUpase abhimatoMmeM kArya-kAraNa bhAva aura guNa guNIbhAva kadApi nahIM bana sakatA hai / pAMcavAM saMgharSa thA apekSakAnta aura anpeksskaantkaa| apekSakAntavAdI kahatA thA ki vastusiddhi apekSAse hotI hai / kauna nahIM jAnatA ki pramANase hI prameya kI siddhi hotI hai aura isalie prameya pramANApekSa hai ? yadi vaha usakI apekSA na kare to prameya siddha nahIM ho sktaa| anapekSAvAdIkA tarka thA ki saba padArtha nirapekSa haiM koI bhI kisIkI apekSA nahIM rakhatA / yadi rakhe to parasparAzraya honese eka bhI siddha nahIM ho skegaa| chaThA saMgharSa thA hetuvAda aura ahetuvAdakA / hetuvAdI kahatA thA ki hetu-yuktise saba siddha hotA hai pratyakSAdise nahIM, kyoMki pratyakSase dekha lenepara bhI yadi vaha hetuko kasauTIpara nahIM utaratA to vaha kadApi zradadheya nahIM hai-"yuktyA yanna ghaTamupaiti tadahaM dRSTApi na zradadhe / ahetu-AgamavAdIkA kathana thA ki aAgamase hareka vastukA nirNaya hotA hai| yadi Agamase vastukA nirNaya na mAnA jAya to hameM grahoparAgAdikA kadApi jJAna nahIM hosakatA hai kyoMki usameM hetukA praveza nahIM hai / sAtavAM saMgharSa thA daiva aura puruSArthakA / daivavAdIkA mata thA ki saba kucha bhAgyase hotA hai / yadi tumhAre bhAgyameM na ho to vaha tumheM nahIM mila sktii| puruSArthavAdI ghoSita karatA thA ki puruSArthase hI saba kucha hotA hai vinA puruSArthake bhojanakA grAsa bhI muhameM nahIM A sktaa| . isataraha kitane hI saMgharSa dArzanikoMmeM usa samaya cala rahe the| ye dArzanika apane apane dRSTikoNako to bar3I tAkatase upasthita karate the aura usakA jI tor3a samarthana bhI karate the, parantu dUsareke dRSTikoNako samajhane aura usakA samanvaya karanekA prayatna nahIM karate the / jainatArkika samantabhadrane ina dArzanikoMke dRSTikoNoMko na kevala samajhanekA hI prayAsa kiyA, apitu unake samanvayakA bhI abhUtapUrva prayatna kiyA / unhoMne syAdvAda nyAya aura usake phalita saptabhaGgIvAdakI vizada yojanA dvArA ukta 52
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________________ jaina - nyAyakA vikAsa saMgharSoMkA buddhimattApUrNa DhaMgase zamana kiyA aura bhAratIya darzanakSetra meM na kevala adbhuta krAnti paidA kI kintu uttaravartI jainatArkikoMke lie eka prazasta mArgakA nirmANa bhI kiyA aura isIse kalaGka, vidyAnanda jaise mahAn jainatArkikoMne unheM isa kaliyugakA syAdvAdatIrtha prabhAvaka, syAdvAdAgraNI, Adi rUpase smRta kiyA hai / hama pahale kaha Aye haiM ki yadyapi syAdvAda aura saptabhaGgoM kA prayoga zrAgamoM meM tadIya viSayoMke nirUpaNameM hotA thA parantu apekSA anapekSA, daiva- puruSArtha, hetuvAda- ahetuvAda jaise viSayoM meM bhI syAdvAda aura saptabhaGgoM kA prayoga aura unakI atyanta vizada yojanA sarvaprathama samantabhadrake granthoMmeM hI dRSTigocara hote haiM / unhoMne 'nayayogAnna sarvathA', 'nayairnayavizAradaH' 4 jaise padaprayogoM dvArA nayavAdase vastu vyavasthA honekA vidhAna banAyA ora 'kathaJcitte sadeveSTaM "", 'sadeva sarveko necchet svarUpAdicatuSTayAt 6 jaise vacanoM dvArA usa vidhAnako vyavahAra rUpa diyA / unhoMne ukta saMgharSoM kA zamana kisaprakAra kiyA ? aura logoMke ekAnta grahako dUra karake unheM vastuvyavasthA ke sAdhanabhUta amogha auSadha syAdvAdakA darzana kisa prakAra karAyA ? pahale saMgharSake bAremeM ve kahate haiM ki vastuko kathaMcit bhAvarUpa aura kathaMcit abhAvarUpa mAniye / donoMko sarvathA - saba prakAra se kevala bhAvAtmaka hI mAnanemeM doSa haiM'; kyoMki kevala bhAvarUpa hI vastuko mAnanepara prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva, anyonyAbhAva aura atyantAbhAva ina prabhAvoMkA lopa ho jAyagA aura unake lopa honepara vastu kramazaH anAdi, ananta, sarvAtmaka aura svarUpahIna ho jAvegI / isIprakAra kevala abhAvarUpa vastuko mAnanepara bhAvakA lopa hojAyagA aura usake lopa hojAnepara prabhAva kA sAdhaka jJAna athavA vacana rUpa pramANa bhI nahIM rahegA taba kisake dvArA to prabhAvaikAntakA sAdhana kisake dvArA bhAvaikAntakA nirAkaraNa kiyA jAsakegA ? viruddha honese donoM ekAntoMkA mAnanA ekAntavAdiyoM ke lie saMbhava nahIM hai aura zravAcyataikAnta zravAcya honese hI yukta hai / ataeva vastu kathaMcit - sva- dravya, sva-kSetra, sva-kAla aura svabhAvakI apekSA se astitva - bhAvarUpa hI hai aura kathaMcitpara-dravya, para kSetra, para-kAla aura para bhAvakI apekSA se nAstitva- bhAvarUpa hI hai / ghar3A apanI apekSA se 1. 'tIrthaM sarva padArtha tacca viSaya- syAdvAda- puNyodadhebhavyAnAmakalaMkabhAvakRtaye prAbhAvi kAle kalau / yenAcAryaM samantabhadrayatinA tasmai namaH santataM // ' - aSTaza, pR 1 2. siya atthi Natthi uhayaM avvattavvaM puNo ya tattidayaM / davvaM khu sattabhaMgaM AdesavaseNa saMbhavadi || ' - paMcAstikAya gA. 14 / 3. A. mI. kA. 14 / 4 A. mI. kA. 23 / 5 A. mI. 14 / 6 A. mI. 15 / 7 dekho. A0 mI0 14, 15 / 8 dekho, A0 mI. 9, 10, 11, 12. 13 / 53
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha to svarUpa hai aura vastrAdi para padArthoM kI apekSA se nAstitva- abhAvarUpa hai aura isa taraha usameM apekSAbheda se donoM vidhi niSedha dharma maujUda haiM / yahI samasta padArthoM kI sthiti hai / ataH bhAvavAdI kA kahanA bhI saca hai aura prabhAvavAdIkA kathana bhI saca hai / sirpha zarta yaha hai ki donoMko apane apane ekAntagrahako chor3a denA cAhiye aura eka dUsarekI dRSTikA Adara karanA cAhiye / dUsare saMgharSako dUra karate hue ve pratipAdana karate haiM ki vastu ( sarva padArtha samUha ) satsAmAnya ( sat rUpa ) se to eka hai aura dravya Adike bhedase anekarUpa hai / yadi use sarvathA eka ( advaita ) mAnI jAya to pratyakSa dRSTa kriyA-kArakabheda lupta hojAyegA; kyoMki eka hI svayaM utpAdya aura utpAdaka donoM nahIM bana sakatA - utpAdya aura utpAdaka donoM alaga alaga hote haiN| isake sivAya, sarvathA advaita svIkArameM pratIta puNya-pApakA dvaita, sukha-duHkhakA dvaita, ihaloka - paralokakA dvaita, vidyA zravidyAkA dvaita aura bandha-mokSakA dvaita nahIM banasakate haiM / isItaraha yadi vastu sarvathA aneka ho to santAna ( paryAyoM aura ataeva donoM ekAntoMkA samuccaya hI vastu hai aura isalie donoM ekAntavAdiyoM ko tyAgakara dUsareke abhiprAyakA mAna karanA cAhiye / tabhI pUrNa vastu siddha hotI hai anya koI doSa upasthita nahIM hotA / anusyUta rahanevAlA eka dravya ), samudAya, sAdharmya aura pretyabhAva Adi kucha nahIM bana sakegA / apane ekAnta haThako aura virodha athavA tIsare saMgharSakA samAdhAna karate hue ve kahate haiM ki vastu kathaMcit nitya bhI hai aura kathaMcit anitya bhI / dravyakI apekSAse to vaha nitya hai aura paryAyakI apekSA se anitya hai / vastu na kevala dravyarUpa hI hai kyoMki pariNAmabheda aura buddhi bheda pAyA jAtA hai / aura na kevala paryAyarUpa hI hai kyoMki 'yaha vahI hai jo pahale thA' isa prakArakA abhrAnta pratyabhijJAna pratyaya hotA hai / yadi vastu sarvathA nitya ho to unameM vikAra ( parivartana ) nahIM bana sakatA hai| isake sAthahI puNya-pApakarma aura unakA pretyabhAva phala ( janma-maraNa sukha duHkha Adi ) evaM bandhamokSa yadi kucha nahIM banate haiM / isItaraha yadi vastu sarvathA anitya ho to pratyabhijJAna pratyaya na ho sakanese baddhako hI mokSa Adi vyavasthA tathA kAraNase hI kAryotpatti Adi saba gar3abar3a hojAyagA / jisane hiMsAkA abhiprAya kiyA vaha hiMsA nahIM kara sakegA aura jisane hiMsAkA abhiprAya nahIM kiyA vaha hiMsA karegA / tathA jisane na hiMsAkA abhiprAya kiyA aura na hiMsA kI vaha karmabandhase yukta hogA aura usa hiMsA ke pApa se mukta koI dUsarA hogA, kyoMki vastu sarvathA anitya- dANika hai | ataeva vastuko, jo dravya-paryAyarUpa hai, dravyakI apekSAse to nitya aura paryAyakI apekSAse anitya donoM rUpa svIkAra karanA cAhiye / aura taba hiMsA ke abhiprAyavAlA hI hiMsA karatA hai aura vahI hiMsaka, hiMsA phala bhoktA evaM usase mukta hotA hai, yadi vyavasthA susaMgata hojAtI hai | ataH 1 dekho. A0 mI. kA. 34, 24, 25, 28, 29, aadi| yahA~ bhI saptabhaGgIkI yojanA pradarzita kI gayI hai / 2 dekho, A. mI. kA. 56, 37, 40, 41, 51 Adi / 54
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________________ jaina-nyAyakA vikAsa ina nitya-anitya-ekAntavAdI dArzanikoMko 'sarvathA' ekAntake aAgrahako chor3akara dUserekI dRSTiko bhI samajhanA aura apanAnA cAhiye / isa taraha samantabhadrane upasthita sabhI saMgharSoMkA zamana karake tArkikoMke lie eka naI dizAkA pradarzana kiyA aura unheM syAdvAdanyAyase vastuvyavasthA honekI apUrva dRSTi btlaayii| unakA spaSTa kahanA thA ki 'bhAva-abhAva, eka-aneka, nitya-anitya aAdi jo naya (dRSTibheda ) haiM ve 'sarvathA' mAnanese to duSTa ( virodhAdi doSayukta ) hote haiM aura 'syAt'-- kathaMcit (eka apekSAse ) mAnanese ve puSTa hote haiM--vastusvarUpakA poSaNa karate haiM / ataeva sarvathA niyamake tyAgI aura anya dRSTikI apekSA karanevAle 'syAt' zabdake prayoga athavA 'syAt' kI mAnyatAko jainanyAyameM sthAna diyA gayA hai / aura nirapekSa nayoMko mithyA tathA sApekSa nayoMko vastu (samyak ) batalAyA gayA hai|' lekhakA kalevara bar3hajAneke bhayase hama anya saMgharSoM ke samantabhadrodita samanvayAtmaka samAdhAnoMko icchA na hote hue bhI chor3ate haiM aura guNajJa pAThakAMse unake prAptamImAsA, yuktyanuzAsana aura svayambhUstotra nAmaka granthoMse ukta samAdhAnoMko jAnanekA namra anurodha karate haiM / __ yahAM eka bAta aura ullekha yogya hai vaha yaha ki samantabhadrane pramANa-lakSaNa, nayalakSaNa, saptabhaGgIlakSaNa, syAdvAdalakSaNa, hetulakSaNa, pramANaphalavyavasthA Adi jainanyAyake katipaya aGgoM-pratyaGgoMkA pradarzana kiyA, jo prAyaH aba taka nahIM huaA thA athavA aspaSTa thaa| ataeva samantabhadrako jainanyAyavikAsake prathama yugakA pravartaka kahanA athavA isa prathama yugako samantabhadrakAlake nAmase ullekhita karanA sarvathA ucita hai / samantabhadrake isa mahAn kArya meM zrIdatta, pUjyapAda, siddhasena, mallavAdI, sumati aura / pAtratvAmI prabhRti jaina vidvAnoMne apanI mahattvapUrNa racanAtroM dvArA ullekhanIya gati dI hai / sanmatitarka to samantabhadrake sUtrAtmaka kathanAMkA vizada aura anupama bhASya hai| samantabhadrane jisa bAtako saMkSepameM athavA saMketarUpameM kahA thA usako siddhasenane usI samantabhadrapradarzita paddhatise pallavita evaM suvistRta karake apanI anokhI pratibhAkA pradarzana kiyA hai aura samasta ekAntavAdoMkA samanvaya karake anekAntavAdakI pratiSThA kI hai| zrIdattakA jalpanirNaya, pUjyapAdakA sArasaMgraha aura sarvArthasiddhi, siddhasena, 1. sadeka-nityavaktavyAstadvipakSAzca ye nayAH / sarvatheti praduSyanti puSyanti syAditIhite // sarvathAniyamatyAgI yathAdRSTimapekSakaH / syAcchabdastAvake nyAye nAnyeSAmAtmavidviSAm / / svayaM0 101, 102 // ya eva nityakSaNikAdayo nayA mitho'napecAHsvaparapraNAzinaH / ta eva tattvaM vimalasya te muneH parasparekSAH khaparopakAriNaH / / svayaM0 61 / nirapekSA nayA mithyA sApekSA vastu te'rthakRt / A0 mI0 108 / mitho'napekSAH puruSArtha hetu nazA na cAMzI pRthagasti tebhyaH / parasparakSA puruSArtha hetudRSTA nayAstadvadasi kriyAyAm / / yuktya0 51 / 150 ajitakumArajI zAtrI Adi vidvAnone bhI yaha svIkAra kiyA hai, dekho unakA 'syAdvAdako nyAyake DhAMcemeM TAlanevAle Adya vidvAn' zIrSaka nibandha, jainadarzana-syAdvAdAka (pR. 170) varSa 2, aMka 4--5 / 55
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha kA sanmatitarka, mallavAdikA nayacakra aura pAtrasvAmIkA trilakSaNa-kadarthana prabhRti jainanyAyaracanAeM isa kAlakI mahattvapUrNa kRtiyAM hai| inameM jalpanirNaya, sArasaMgraha aura trilakSaNakadarthana anupalabdha haiM aura zeSa aAja bhI upalabdha haiM / merA khyAla hai ki isa kAlameM aura bhI aneka nyAya-grantha race gaye hoMge, kyoMki jaina vidvAnoMmeM paThana-pAThana, upadeza aura grantharacanAkI pravRtti sabase jyAdA aura mukhya rahato thii| prasiddha bauddha vidvAna zAntarakSita ( I0 7 vI 8 vIM) aura unake ziSya kamalazIlane tatvasaMgraha aura usakI vizAla TIkAmeM jainatArkika sumati, pAtrasvAmI Adike grantha-vAkyoMko udhRta karake unakA aAlocana kiyA hai| parantu unake ve grantha Aja upalabdha nahIM ho rahe haiN| isa taraha isa samantabhadrakAlameM jainanyAyakI eka yogya aura uttama bhUmikA taiyAra ho gaI thii| 2 akalaGka kAla--isa bhUmikApara jainanyAyakA uttuMga aura sarvAMga sundara mahAn prAsAda jisa kuzala aura tIkSNa buddhi zilpIne khar3A kiyA vaha hai akalaGka / samantabhadrakI taraha akalaGkake kAlameM bhI jabardasta dArzanika krAnti ho rahI thii| eka tarapha zabdAdvaitavAdI bhartRhari, prasiddha mImAMsaka kumArila, nyAyaniSNAta udyotakara prabhRti vaidika vidvAna the to dUsarI tarapha dharmakIrti aura unake tarkapaTa ziSya evaM vyAkhyAkAra prajJAkara, dharmottara, karNakagomi Adi bauddha tArkika the / zAstrArthoM aura zAstroMke nirmANakI parAkASThA thii| pratyeka dArzanikakI hara canda koziza prAyaH yahI hotI thI ki kisI taraha apane pakSakA sAdhana aura parapakSakA nirAkaraNa karake apanI vijaya aura apane siddhAntakI pratiSTA kI jAya, tathA prativAdI vidvAnakI parAjaya aura usake siddhAntakI makhaula ur3AyI jAya / yahAM taka ki virodhI vidvAnake lie 'paza', vahnIka' jaise aziSTa aura azlIla padoMkA prayoga karanA sAdhAraNa sI bAta ho gayI thii| vastutaH yaha kAla jahAM tarkake vikAsakA madhyAnha hai vahAM isa kAlameM nyAyakA bar3A virUpa aura upahAsa hA hai / anumAnake utkRSTa niyamoM dvArA chala, jAti, nigraha sthAnoMko vastunirNayameM upayogI batalAkara sAropa samarpita karanA, kevala hetuko hI zAstrArthakA aGga mAnanA, kSaNikavAda, nairAtmyavAda, vijJAnavAda, zUnyavAda Adi aikAntika vAdoMkA samarthana karanA isa yugakA kArya rahA hai| akalaMkane dekhAki nyAyakA pavitra mArga bahuta kucha malina hocukA hai aura samantabhadrakI anUThI syAdvAdanyAyakI bhUmikA anaya vizAradoMne dUSita evaM vikRta karadI hai to unhoMne do kArya kiye- eka to nyAyamArgako nirmala banAyA aura dUsarA kitanA hI nayA nirmANa kiyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne apane prakaraNoM ( granthoM ) meM 1 dekho, tattvasaMgraha pR. 379, 386 383 Adi / 2 zravaNa belagolAke candragiri parvatapara zaka saM 1050 meM utkarNa zilAlekha na. 54|67meN sumatidevake 'sumati saptaka' nAmake eka mahatvapUrNa tarka granthakA ullekha mAtra milatA hai |--le0| 3 dekho, nyAyavinizcayakI pahalI kArikA jo pahale, phuTanoTameM uddhRta kI jAcukI hai| 4 tatvArthavArtika, AptamI- mAMsA bhAjyA (aSTazatI), siddhivinizcaya, pramANasaMgraha aura laghIyatraya ye chaha grantha / 56
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________________ jaina-nyAyakA vikAsa cAra nibandha to kevala nyAya zAstrapara hI likhe haiN| ina cAra nibandhoMmeM nyAya vinizcaya bar3A hai aura siddhi vinizcaya, pramANa saMgraha tathA laghIyatraya usase choTe haiM / nyAya vinizcayameM 480, siddhivinizcayameM (ajJAta), pramANasaMgrahameM 876 aura laghIyastrayameM 78 mUlakArikAeM haiM / inakI svopajJa vRttiyoMkA parimANa unase alaga hai| yahAM hama akalaGkadevake ukta donoM kAryoMkA kucha digdarzana karA denA Avazyaka samajhate haiN| akalaGkadevakA dRSaNoddhAra (ka ) samantabhadrane prApta mImAMsAmeM mukhyataH prAptakI sarvajJatA aura unake syAdvAda upadezakI saMsiddhi kI hai aura sarvajJatA -- kevala jJAna tathA syAdvAdameM sAkSAt asAkSAt sarvatattva prakAzanakA bheda batalAyA hai / kumArilane sarvajJatApara aura dharmakIrtine syAdvAda (anekAnta siddhAnta ) para kramazaH mImAMsA zlokavArtika aura pramANavArtika meM AkSepa kiye haiN| kumArilane likhA hai 'evaM yaiH kevljnyaanmindriyaadyaanpekssinnH| sUkSmAtItAdiviSayaM jIvasya parikalpitam // narte tadAgamAtsiddhayena ca tenAgamo vinA / '- mImAM. pR. 87 / arthAt jo sUkSmAdi viSayaka atIndriya kevalajJAna puruSake mAnA hai vaha jaina mAnyatAnusAra Agamake vinA siddha nahIM hotA aura usake vinA aAgama siddha nahIM hotA aura isalie sarvajJatAke mAnane meM anyonyAzraya doSa aAtA hai / akalaGkadeva kumArilake isa dUSaNakA parihAra karate hue javAba dete haiM: evaM yatkevalajJAna manumAnavijRmbhitam / narte tadAgamAt siddhyet na ca tena vinA''gamaH // satyamarthabalAdeva puruSAtizayo mataH / prabhavaH pauruSeyo'sya prabandho'nAdiriSyate // - nyAyavini. 412, 413 / arthAt 'yaha saca hai ki kevalajJAna Agamake vinA aura Agama kevalajJAnake vinA siddha nahIM hotA tathApi anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM; kyoMki puruSAtizaya ( kevalajJAna ) arthabala (pratItivaza ) se hI mAnA jAtA hai aura isalie bIjAkurakI taraha unakA (aAgama aura kevala jJAnakA) prabandha anAdi ( santAna pravAha rUpa ) batalAyA gayA hai / (kha) dharmakIrtikA syAdvAda-anekAnta-siddhAntapara yaha zrAkSepa hai1 dekho, AptamImAMsA kArikA 5 aura 113 / 2. 'syAdvAda-kevalajJAne sarvatattvaprakAzane / bhedaH sAkSAdasAkSAcca hyastvanyatamaM bhavet ||'--aa. mI. 105 / 57
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha sarvasyobhayarUpatve tdvishessniraakRteH| codito dadhi khAdeti kimuSTaM nAmidhAvati // - pramANavA. 1-183 / arthAt 'yadi saba padArtha ubhayarUpa-anekAntAtmaka hoM to unameM koI bheda na rahanese kisIko 'dahI khA' aisA kahanepara vaha kyoM UMTapara nahIM daur3atA ?' isa zrAkSepakA javAba akalaGkane nimna prakAra diyA dadhyuSTrAderabhedatvaprasaGgAdekacodanam / pUrvapakSamavijJAya dUSako'pi vidUSakaH // sugato'pi mRgo jAto mRgo'pi sugataH smRtH| tathApi sugato vandyo mRgaH khAdyo yatheSyate // tathA vastubalAdeva bhedAbhedavyavasthiteH / codito dadhi khAdeti kimuSTramabhidhAvati // ----nyAyavini. 372, 373, 374 / arthAt 'dadhi aura UMTameM abhedakA prasaMga dekara unheM eka batalAnA dharmakIrtikA pUrvapakSa (anekAntamata) ko na samajhanA hai aura aisA karake vaha dUSaka hokara bhI vidUSaka haiN| vaha isa bAtase kaise inkAra kara sakatA hai ki sugata bhI pahale bhRga the aura mRga bhI sugata huaA mAnA gayA hai / phira bhI jisa prakAra sugatako vandanIya aura mRgako bhakSaNIya kahA jAtA hai aura isa taraha paryAyabhedase vandanIya bhakSaNIyakI bheda vyavasthA tathA sugata va mRgameM eka cittasantAna (jIva dravya ) kI abhedavyavasthA kI jAtI hai usI prakAra vastubala (paryAya aura dravyakI apekSA ) se bheda aura abhedakI vyavasthA hai| aura isalie kisIko 'dahI khA' yaha kahanepara vaha kyoM UMTapara daur3egA ? kyoMki unameM dravyakI apekSA abheda hone para bhI paryAyakI apekSA bheda hai / ataeva bhakSaNIya dahI paryAyako hI vaha khAvegA UMTa paryAyako jo bhakSaNIya nahIM hai, nahIM khAneko daudd'egaa| bhedAbheda (anekAnta ) to vastukA svabhAva hai usakA niSedha ho hI nahIM sktaa|' ____ akalaGkadevake ye javAba kumArila aura dharmakIrtipara kitanI sIdhI aura mArmika coTa karate haiM ? isa taraha akalaGkane dUSaNoddhArake anivArya kAryako bar3I yogyatA aura saphalatAke sAtha pUrNa kiyA hai| jainanyAyakA navanirmANa-- dUsarA kArya unhoMne yaha kiyA ki jainanyAyake jina aGgoM pratyaGgoMkA taba taka vikAsa nahIM ho sakA thA unakA unhoMne vikAsa kiyA athavA unakI pratiSThA kii| hama pahale kaha pAye haiM ki unhoMne apane cAra nibandha mukhyataH nyAyazAstra para likhe haiM / ataeva unheM inameM jainanyAyako sarvAGgapUrNa pratiSThita 58
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________________ jaina-nyAyakA vikAsa karanA hI cAhiye thA / nyAyakA artha hai-jisake dvArA vastu tattva jAnAjAya aura isalie vaha nyAya pramANa nayAtmaka hai kyoMki pramANa aura nayake dvArA hI vastutattva jAnA jAtA hai / akalaGkane vibhinna dArzanikoM kI vipratipattiyoMke nirasana pUrvaka ina donoMke svarUpa, saMkhyA ( bheda ), viSaya, phalakA vizada vivecana, pratyakSake sAMvyavahArika aura mukhya ina do bhedoMkI pratiSThA, parokSa pramANake rati, pratyabhijJAna, tarka anumAna, aAgama ina pAMca bhedoMkI iyattAkA avadhAraNa, unakA sayuktika sAdhana aura lakSaNanirUpaNa, tathA inhIMke antargata upamAna, arthApatti, sambhava, abhAva, aAdi para-kalpita pramANoMkA samAveza, sarvajJatvakA apUrva yuktimaya sAdhana, anumAnake sAdhya-sAdhaka aGgoMke lakSaNoM aura bhedoMkA vistRta prarUpaNa tathA kAraNahetu, pUrvacarahetu, uttaracarahetu, sahacarahetu, aAdi anivArya hetuoMkI hI pratiSThA, anyathAnu pattike abhAvase eka akiMcitkarAtmaka hetvAbhAsakA svIkAra aura usake bhedarUpase asiddhAdikA pratipAdana, dRSTAnta, dharmI, vAda, jAti aura nigrahasthAnake svarUpAdikA jaina dRSTi se vyAkhyAna, jayaparAjayavyavasthA, Adi kitanA hI nirmANa karake jainanyAyako na kevala samRddha aura paripuSTa kiyA hai apitu use aura bhAratIya nyAyoMmeM vaha gauravapUrNa sthAna dilAyA hai jo prAyaH bauddhanyAyako dharmakIrtine dilAyA hai / isa taraha akalaGka jainanyAyake madhyayuga pravartaka haiM aura isalie isa yugako 'akalaGkakAla' ke nAmase kahanA ucita hI hai| zrakalaGkane jainanyAyakI jo dizA aura rUparekhA nirdhArita kI usIpara unake uttaravartI sabhI jaina tArkika cale haiN| haribhadra, vIrasena, kumAranandi, vidyAnanda, anantavIrya, siddhasenagaNI, vAdirAja, mANikyanandi, Adi ina madhyayugIna uttaravartI zrAcAryoMne unake kAryako bar3hA karake use suvistRta, suprasArita aura spuSTa kiyA hai / haribhadrake anekAnta jayapatAkA, zAstravArtA samuccaya, vIrasenakI tarka bahula dhavalA-jayadhavalA TIkAeM, kumAranandikA vAdanyAya, vidyAnandake vidyAnanda mahodaya, tattvArthazloka vArtika, aSTasahasrI, yAtaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA, patraparIkSA, satyazAsanaparIkSA, yuktyanuzAsanAlaMkAra Adi, anantavAryakI siddhivinizcaya TIkA, pramANasaMgrahabhASya, siddhisenagaNIkI gandhahasti-tattvArthabhASyaTIkA, vAdirAjake nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa, pramANanirNaya ra mANikyanandikA parIkSAmukha isa kAlakI anUThI tArkika racanAeM haiM / yaha kAla jainanyAya vikAsakA pUrNa madhyAnha kAla hai / 'prabhAcandrakAla-isake bAda prabhAcandrakAla AtA hai jo jainanyAya-vikAsakA madhyAnhottara athavA antimakAla hai / prabhAcandrane jainanyAyapara jo vizAlakAya vyAkhyA grantha likhe-prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra, unake bAda jainanyAyapara vaisA vyAkhyAgraMtha digambara paramparAmeM phira nahIM likhA gayA / hAM, zvetAmbara paramparAmeM abhayadevane sanmatitarkaTIkA aura vAdI devasU rine syAvAdaratnAkara avazya likhe haiM phira 1 'pramANanayairadhigamaH '-tatvArthasUtra 1-6 / 'nitarAmiyate jJAyate'rtho'neneti nyAyaH arthaparicchedakopAyo nyAya ityarthaH / sa ca pramANanayAtmaka eva'-nyAyadIpikA pR0 5 (TippaNa ) /
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha bhI ye donoM grantha prabhAcandrakI paddhati anusyUta haiM aura unapara prabhAcandrake vyAkhyAgraMthoMkA khAsA prabhAva hai / isa kAla meM laghu anantavIrya, abhayadeva, vAdI devasUri, abhayacandra, hemacaMdra, malliSeNasUri, zrAzAdhara, bhAvasena traividya, ajitasena, abhinava dharma bhUSaNa, cArukIrtti, vimaladAsa, upAdhyAya yazovijaya, Adi vidvAnoMne apanI racanAoM dvArA jainanyAyako saMkSepa aura vistArase supuSTa kiyA hai| isa yugakI racanAtroM meM laghu anantavIryaM kI prameyaratnamAlA, abhayadevakI sammatitarkaTIkA, vAdI devasUrikA pramANanayatattvA lokAlaMkAra aura usakI svopajJaTIkA syAdvAdaratnAkara, abhayacaMdrakI laghoyastrayavRtti, hemacaMdrakI pramANamImAMsA, malliSeNasUrikI syAdvAdamaMjarI, zrAzAgharakA prameyaratnAkara, bhAvasena traividyakA vizvatattvaprakAza, ajita senakI nyAyamaNidIpikA, cArukIrttikI arthaprakAzikA aura prameyaratnamAlAlaMkAra ( prameyaramAlAkI TIkAeM ) vimaladAsakI saptabhaMgitaraMgiNI aura upAdhyAya yazovijayake, jo I0 17 vIM zatIke antima tArkika haiM, sahastrI TippaNa, jJAnabindu, jainatarkabhASA vizeSarUpa se ullekhayogya jainanyAyagraMtha haiN| aMtima tIna vidvAnoMne apane nyAya graMthoM meM navyanyAyazailIko bhI, jo gaGga zaupAdhyAya prabhRti maithila naiyAyikoM dvArA pracalita kI gayI thI, apanAyA hai aura usase apane nyAya graMthoMko suvAsita evaM samalaMkRta kiyA hai / inake bAda jainanyAyakI dhArA prAyaH banda sI ho gayI aura usameM Age koI pragati nahIM huI / isa taraha jainavidvAnoMne jahAM jainanyAyakA uccatama vikAsa karake bhAratIya jJAnabhaNDArako samRddha banAyA hai vahAM jaina sAhityakI sarvAGgINa samRddhi aura vipulazrIko bhI parivarddhita evaM sampuSTa kiyA hai, yaha pratyeka bhAratIya vizeSakara jainoMke lie gaurava aura garvakI vastu hai / 60
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________________ Atma aura anAtmazrI jvAlA prasAda jyotiSI ema0 e0, ela0 ela0 bI0, sRSTimeM hama sAdhAraNatayA jar3a aura cetana, isaprakAra do prakArakI astiyoMpara vizvAsa karate haiM / eka ve astitva, jo prANavAna haiM--jisameM mati, gati, dhRti, cintanA, anubhUti jaisI prakriyAeM vidyamAna haiM / dUsarI ve, jinameM isa tarahakI kisI harakatako sthAna nahIM hai| paurvAtya aura pAzcAtya, sabhI vicArakoMne eka sImAtaka kisI na kisI rUpameM ina do prakArake astitvoMko svIkAra kiyA hai / kisIne donoMko sampUrNatayA pRthaka mAnA hai to kisIne eka dUsareko sambaddha svIkAra kiyA hai / zaktiko hI saba kucha mAnanevAle aAdhunika vaijJAnikane bhI svarUpako mAnyatA dI hai aura vastuke astitvako sAkAra karanevAle avayavoMko svIkAra kiyA hai / kaThorase kaThora advaitavAdI bhI sthUla vizvakI vyAvahArika sattAko svIkAra karate haiM aura vizvake svarUpa, guNa Adi kI sattAko asthAI bhale hI kaheM, para use svIkAra to karate hI haiN| astu, aAtma aura anAtma ina donoM tattvoMpara sRSTike sabhI vicAraka sudIrgha kAlase vizvAsa karate Aye haiM / ina donoMmeM unhoMne ekatva, pRthakatva athavA anyonyAzrayatva, kucha bhI kyoM na mAnA ho, lekina unake astitvako svIkRta avazya kiyA hai / aura Aja hamAre sAmane prazna hai--ye aAtma aura anAtma tattva haiM kyA ? ve vAstavameM do pRthaka tattva haiM athavA kisI eka tattvake do pRthaka guNamAtra haiM ? prazna bahuta pecIdA hai aura usakA uttara sahaja hI nahIM diyA jA sktaa| sthUla dRSTise dekhanese sRSTimeM kucha aise padArtha dikhate haiM jo cetanAse sarvathA zUnya haiM / unheM hamapUrNa rUpeNa jar3a pAte haiM / kucha aise haiM jinameM sazarIratAke sAtha sacetanatA bhI hai aura inase dUra hama aisI kalpanA kara sakate haiM, jahA~ sthUlatAkA koI sthAna nahIM-jahAM sampUrNatayA cetanAkA hI sAmrAjya hai / aura taba hamArA prazna aura bhI jaTila hojAtA hai| lekina sRSTikI dRzyamAnatA hI to sampUrNa satya nahIM hai / eka pyAle pAnImeM eka cammaca zakkara DAliye / Apa dekheMge ki mIThA zarbata taiyAra hogyaa| isa zarbatako eka glAsa pAnImeM DAla diijiye| Apa anubhava kareM ge--miThAsa phIkA par3a gayA hai / aura aba isa phIke zarbatako kuMemeM chor3a
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha dIjiye / kuMekA pAnI cakhiye / dekhiye! kyA Apa aba bhI kuMemeM usa eka cammaca zakkarake miThAsakA anubhava kara sakate haiM ? kyA huA usa zakkarakA ? kahAM gayI usakI miThAsa ? nizcaya hI hama iMdriyoM dvArA usa miThAsakA anubhava nahIM kara sakate / lekina kyA yaha saca nahIM hai ki miThAsa aba bhI jalameM maujUda hai ? vaha kueM ke sAre jalake sAtha eka rasa-eka prANa hogayI hai ! zakti aura padArtha ke avinAzapara vizvAsa karanevAlA koI bhI vyakti svIkAra karegA ki miThAsa naSTa nahIM huI / usakA vikAsa itanA vyApaka hogayA hai ki usake astitvako hamArI jihvA anubhava nahIM kara pA rahI hai| vaijJAnika prayoga dvArA usake astitvako jAnA jAsakatA hai--siddha kiyA jAsakatA hai / hamArI iMdriyAM jJAnaprAptikA eka atyaMta sthUla sAdhana haiN| kueM ke jalameM zakkarake upasthita hote hue bhI ve usake astitvakA jJAna prApta na kara skiiN| hamAre prayoga bhI isIprakAra eka sImAke pare atyaMta bothare haiM / rahasyake zrAvaraNako cIrakara satyako sAmane karadenemeM ve eka nizcita dUrI taka hI hamArA sAtha dete haiM / aura taba kyA yaha sambhava nahIM hai ki aAtma aura anAtmake bIca hamane jo vibhAjaka rekhA khIMcI hai vaha pUrNatayA hamAre ajJAna aura hamArI asamarthatAkA hI pratIka ho ? kyA yaha sambhava nahIM hai ki jina vastuoM ko hamane jar3atAkI saMjJA de rakhI hai unameM cetanAkA ananta sAgara hiloreM mAra rahA homuzkila kevala itanI hI hai ki hamArI sthUla iMdriyAM aura baunI prayogavIratA usa sAgarake taTa taka pahuMcane meM akSama ho ? - aAtma aura anAtma mere matameM kisI eka tattvake do aMga hai-usakI do prakriyAeM haiN| yadi zabdoMko rUDha na kiyA jAya to maiM usa tattvako 'mahAtma' kaha dUM ! vastu apane Apa kyA hai ? guNoM aura vyApAroMke samuccayase pRthaka usakI kyA kalpanA ho sakatI hai ? maiM huuN| maiM likha rahA huuN| maiM bola sakatA huuN| maiM daur3a sakUgA ! uparokta vAkyoM dvArA eka vyakti aura usake dvArA sampanna honevAle athavA ho sakane vAle kucha vyApAroMkA bodha hotA hai| vyApAra vaha kriyA hai jisake dvArA vyakti apanI abhivyakti karatA hai| astitvake sAtha vyApArakA ghanA sambandha hai / vyApArake binA astitvakI kalpanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai / jaba hama gAya zabdakA uccAraNa karate haiM, taba usa zabdakA hamAre lie koI artha nahIM hotA jabataka ki gAyake kisI vyApArakA bhI bodha na ho| gAya pAyI ! gAya gayI ! gAya cAhiye ! artha yaha ki gAyase sambandhita kisI na kisI vyApArake vinA gAya zabda svayaM arthahIna hai| zabda aura svarUpake bIca yugoMse sthApita sambandha hamAre mAnasa paTalapara eka citra vizeSa aMkita karatA hai| usa citrake artha mauna rahate haiM usake bhAva avyakta rahate haiN| aMgoMke vinA aMgIkI jisa prakAra kalpanA nahIM kI jA sakatI, usI prakAra vyApArake vinA kisI astitvakI kalpanA sambhava nahIM hai| aura kyA hai vyApAra 1 astitvakI caitanyamayI abhivyakti hI na ? aAtma aura anAtmako hamane jisa 'mahAtma' kI do prakriyAeM kahA vaha "mahAtma" apane Apako rUpoM, raMgoM, guNoM, anubhUtiyoM aura na jAne kitane pratyakSa va apratyakSa vyApAroM dvArA hI to abhivyakta kara
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________________ yAtma aura anAtma rahA hai| hama zakkarake miThAsakI zakkarase pRthaka kyA koI kalpanA kara sakate haiM ? aura zakkarake svarUpako vaha parivartita svarUpa hI kyoM na ho-pRthaka karake bhI kyA zakkarake miThAsakA aAbhAsa pAyA jAsakatA hai ? koI kahe ki namakake dRr3ha phar3akIle Thosa svarUpako khokara usake salonepanako hamAre sAmane lAiye ! kyA sambhava hai aisA honA kisI bhI vaijJAnika prakriyA dvArA ? ___aura zakti-caitanya-zrAtma-kyA ise bhI hama sthUla-Thosa-acetana kahe jAnevAle padArthoMse pRthaka nikAlakara kahIM rakha sakate haiM ? vidyuta zaktiko vaijJAnika zaktikA eka atyaMta ugrasvarUpa mAnatA hai| lekina kyA Itharake-aAkAzake Thosa parimANu ke vinA bhI usakA astitva ho sakegA? jar3a aura cetana--yAtma aura anAtma, maiMne Upara likhA- mahAtmakI abhivyaktikI do sAdhanAeM, eka kalAkArako do kRtiyA~ haiM / eka gadya to dUsarI padya ! aura bhAvoMke vicAroM ke sAmaMjasyake rUpameM kalAkArake vyaktitvakI jo abhivyakti hai vaha kyA gadya aura padya donoMmeM vyaktarUpoMke melase hI paripUrNa nahIM hotI ? kavIndrakI aAtmA kevala DAkagharameM ho-kevala gorAmeM ho kevala gItAMjalimeM ho-use kauna kahegA ? vaha to gorA, gItAMjali aura urvazI sabhIkI sImA meM hiloreM mAratI huI apane samasta kRtitvameM vyakta hotI hai ! zrAtma aura anAtma, gorA aura gItAMjali jaisI sthUla rUpameM pRthaka dikhanevAlI cIjeM nahIM ! yoM gorA aura gItAMjali bhI pRthaka cIjeM nahIM haiM !-ve eka vyaktitvakI abhivyaktikI paramparA kI do kar3iyA haiM / jise hama anAtma kahate haiM usake vaha 'mahAtma' kI abhivyakti haiM aura jise Atma kahate haiM vaha bhI vahI cIja hai / hamArI indriyoMmeM--hamAre prayogoMmeM aAja yaha zakti nahIM hai ki hama unakI abhinnatAko samajha sakeM, lekina vastutaH ye donoM eka haiN| eka lauha daNDako lIjiye / cumbakake eka sireko lekara loha daNDake eka chorase lekara dUsare chora taka aneka bAra sIdhA calAiye / aba dekheMge ki lauha daNDameM cumbakakI zakti aagyii| aAkhira yaha zakti aAyI kahA~ se ? kyA cumbakane yaha zakti lauha daNDako dedI ? jarA cumbakakI parIkSA kIjiye / vayA usakI AkarSaNa zaktimeM koI kamI zrAgayI ? hama dekhate haiM ki usakI zakti jyoM kI tyoM maujUda hai / phira yadi zaktike avinAzakatvakA siddhAnta sahI hai to lauha daNDameM yaha zakti kahAMse aAyI ? aba lauha daNDako jarA garmakara dIjiye kAyavA pUrva pazcima rakhakara hathaur3ese pITa diijiye| dekhiye kyA aba bhI AkarSaNa zakti vidyamAna hai ? yadi nahIM to vaha gayI kahAM ? kyA hathaur3ene usa zaktiko grahaNa kara liyA ? parIkSA karanese jJAta hogA ki usane zakti nahIM pAyI ! taba Akhira yaha hai kyA ? vijJAnakA choTese choTA vidyArthI bhI jAnatA hai ki lauha daNDake pratyeka paramANumeM cumbakIya zakti vidyamAna hai| cumbaka dvArA bAra bAra sparzita kiye jAnese vaha zakti niyaMtrita hojAtI hai ataeva
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hameM usake astitvakA bodha hojAtA hai / hathaur3ese pITe jAnepara athavA zrAgase tapAye jAnepara paramANu vikhalita hojAte haiM ataeva zakti aniyaMtrita hojAtI hai, phalataH hameM usakA bodha nahIM hotaa| aniyaMtritake samudra meM zaktikI bUMde ghula jAtI haiM aura jisaprakAra cInIkA miThAsa kueMke jalameM khogayA thA, usIprakAra zakti bhI hamArI bodhakatAkI dRSTise aojhala hojAtI hai| __astu, hamArA sthira mata hai ki cetana aura acetana do tattva nahIM, ve eka tattvake do guNa haiM aura kama yA adhika vikasita avasthAmeM pratyeka vastumeM vidyamAna haiM / jisaprakAra pratyeka padArthameM sabhI raMgoM ke grahaNa karanekI zakti maujUda hai unake khudake koI raMga nahIM haiM raMga sAre sUrya kI kiraNoMke haiM-unheM grahaNa karake ve kisI raMga vizeSako parivartita karate haiM, isalie ve usa raMgase raMjita dikhate haiM-usIprakAra cetana athavA acetanake kama va jyAdA parAvartanake kAraNa jar3a athavA cetana dikhatA hai| pIle dikhanevAle padArtha kevala pIle nahIM unameM sUryakI kiraNoM dvArA pradatta sAre raMga maujUda haiM / vaha padArtha anyAnya raMgoMkI tulanAmeM pIle raMgako adhika parimANameM parAvartita kara rahA hai| isIlie hameM pIlA dikhatA hai| usIprakAra pratyeka vastu kisI mahAtma dvArA prakAzita ho rahI hai / kahIM jar3atvakI kiraNoMkA adhika parimANa meM parivartana horahA hai, kahIM cetanAkI kiraNoMkA / isIlie hameM kahIM jar3atA to kaho cetanAke darzana horahe haiM / hamArI dRSTimeM, jo caitanyako sarvasva mAne haiM ve bhI sRSTike rahasyase dUra rahe haiM aura jinhoMne jar3ako hI sabakucha samajhA ve bhI jIvanake vAstavika takha taka nahIM pahuMca ske| upaniSadameM jahAM vidyA aura avidyAkI vyAkhyA karate hue donoMko apanAkara calane kI bAta kahI gayI hai, vahAM hamArI samajhameM jar3a aura cetanakI ekatAkA AbhAsa pAkara hI parama-dRSTAne donoMkI samyak aArAdhanAko jIvanakA lakSya pratiSThita kiyA hai / aAtma aura anAtmako pRthaka samajhakara bahuta kucha khoyA hai| jarUrata hai ki unake ekatvakI pratiSThA karake usa khoyeko punaH prApta kiyA jaave|
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________________ bauddha pramANa siddhAntoMkI jaina-samIkSA zrI prA0 harimohana bhaTTAcArya, ema. e0, Adi bauddha darzanake suvikhyAta cAra sampradAyoMmeM se vaibhASika, sautrAntika tathA yogAcArake vidvAnoM kA bhAratIya pramANa carcA meM paryApta yogadAna hai| yahAM ina tInoM sampradAyoMkI pramANa viSayaka mAnyatAoMkA vicAra karake hama jaina pramANa dRSTi se unakA mUlyAGkana kreNge| saba hI bauddha sampradAyoMke anusAra pratyeka vastu anitya hai, eka kSaNa rahatI hai, dUsare kSaNa naSTa hotI huI dUsareko utpanna hone detI hai / arthAt AtmAkA jJAna bhI nitya nahIM hai| yaha saba jJAna santAna hai| inameM pratyekakA kArya; arthAt aAtma sadRzakI utpattimeM kAraNatAse-nizcaya hotA hai, jise bauddha 'pratItyasamutpAda' kahate haiM jisakA tAtparya dhArAvAhI ( Azrita ) utpatti hotA hai athAt jJAnameM indriyAM nimitta nahIM hai, saba kucha chAyA ( saMskAra ) mAtra hai jJAna tathA jJeyameM koI antara nahIM hai| ina mUla mAnyatAoMpara dRSTi rakhane para bauddha tattvajJAnako samajhanA sarala ho jAtA hai| vaibhASika pramANa siddhAnta tathA samIkSA-- vaibhASika vAstavikatAko mAnatA hai usake anusAra pratyeka padArthakA jJAna sAkSAtkArase hotA hai kintu usakA pramANa nirAkAra bodha svarUpa hai / kintu yaha suvidita hai ki pramANakI prAmANikatAke vizeSa lakSaNa hote haiM jo ki ise sAdhAraNa bodhase pRthak siddha karate haiN| ataeva nirAkAra bodha rUpase kI gayI pramANa paribhASA usake abhISTako siddha nahIM krto| kisI padArthakI paribhASAkA tAtparya hI asAdhAraNa dharmoMko batAnA hai jo ki use sajAtoya tathA samAnase pRthak siddha karate haiM / kintu pramANakI 'nirAkAra bodha' paribhASA karake vaibhASika hameM vizeSa lakSaNahAna sAdhAraNa bodhako batAtA hai aura apanI paribhASAkA ativyAta ' kara detA hai / isa prakAra saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya, zrAdi pramANAbhAsoMkA bhI grahaNa ho jAtA hai / pramANa tathA pramANAbhAsakA bheda to lupta ho hI jAtA hai / isakA dUsarA pariNAma yaha bho hogA ki indriya, zrAdi bodhake sAdhAraNa kAraNa bhI pramANa ho jAyage jaise ki sAdhAraNatayA kahA jAtA hai-dIpakase ghar3I dekhI, aAMkhase pahicAnA, dhuese bhAgako jAnA, Adi / ina sabakI prAmANikatA 1 bodhapramANamiti vadanto vaibhASikAH paryAnuyojyAH / ta bo. vidhA. pR 458 /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha rUDhimUlaka' hai kyoMki usakA pradhAna hetu to kucha mAnasika tathA tAttvika prakriyAeM haiM / ataeva jainAcArya kahate haiM ki sva-para-jJApaka bodhako pramANa mAnanA cAhiye arthAt vaha jJAna jo AtmaprakAzake dvArA svayaM pramANabhUta hai tathA jJeya padArthake AkAra aura svabhAvase bhinna hai ApAtataH pramANAbhAsose pRthak hai / koI bhI svapara-prakAzaka jJAna apanI prAmANikatAke lie kisI bhI bAhya vastukI apekSA nahIM karatA / yadi pramANake svarUpako avyabhicArI banAneke lie usameM kisI vizeSa naimittikatAkI kalpanA kI jAya to vaha vizeSa nimitta vyartha hI nahIM hogA apitu anyonyAzraya doSako bhI janma degaa| padArthakA samyaka jJAna hI pramANakI prAmANikatAkA saccA nimitta ho sakatA hai aura yadi samyakajJAna pramANa arthAt avyabhicArI ho to hama use pramANa yA pramiti mAne ge / kintu pramiti rUpa pariNAmako artha janya nahIM kahA jA sakatA kyoMki arthakA bodha aura pramiti eka sAtha utpanna hote haiM, jo sahabhAvi hote haiM unameM kArya kAraNa bhAvakI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai kyoMki unameM vaha kama nahIM hotA jo kArya kAraNameM Avazyaka hai / pariNAma svarUpa yaha samajhanA kaThina hogA ki arthase bodha huA yA bodhase artha, phalataH vaibhASikakA nirAkAra bodhako pramANa mAnanA asaMbhava hai| isake atirikta nirAkAra bodhameM pramANa kalpanA vaibhASikakI mUla mAnyatApara AghAta karatI huI anavasthAko utpanna karatI hai / satvAdI honeke kAraNa vaha bAhya padArtha tathA unakA sAkSAtkAra mAnatA hai| aba bAhya padArthake sAkSAtkArakA artha hogA ki padArtha apane AkArako apane grAhaka jJAnameM de detA hai| phala yaha hogA ki nirAkAra bodha arthake zrAkArase yukta hokara sAkAra ho jaaygaa| eka aura Apatti hai, dhArAvAhika jJAnameM yadi prathama kSaNa meM padArtha apane aAkArako dekara lupta ho jAya gA / taba dvitIyakSaNameM dUsare padArthakI kalpanA karanI hogI jo isI prakAra apanA zrAkAra dekara lupta ho jAya gA / ataeva dhArAvAhika jJAnakI dhArAko banAye rakhaneke lie ananta padArthoM kI kalpanA karanI pdd'egii| taba vaibhASikako dharAvAhika jJAnake pratikSaNameM nirAkAra jJAnako sAkAra barabaza karanA par3egA tathA anavasthApattise bacaneke lie apanI mUla mAnyatAko chor3aneko bAdhya honA hI par3egA / kintu jaina isa aApattiko jJAnako 'svaparAvabhAsI' mAnakara sahaja hI dUra kara detA hai / yataH jJAna jJeya-vAhya padArthake sAtha apanI prAmANikatAkA bhI prakAzaka hai aura sadA sAkAra hI hotA hai| kintu isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM ki bAhya padArtha jJAnakI utpattikI prAmANikatAmeM sAdhaka hai| satata athavA dhArAvAhI jJAnake kAraNabhI jainamAnyatAmeM anavasthAko avakAza nahIM hai| kAraNa, vaibhASikake samAna AkAra samarpaNake lie jainamAnyatAmeM ananta kSaNika padArthoMkI kalpanAkI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / pratyeka padArthameM apanI eka viziSTa ekatA tathA nityatA rahatI hai phalataH zrAkAra milatA hI rahatA hai| prazna hotA hai ki satata sthAyI prathama kSaNameM AkAra dene para dvitIya Adi kSaNameM usakA punaH grahaNa hogA arthAt "grahIta 1-ta. vo. vidhA. pR. 459 tathA pra. ka. ma, pR. 26 / 66
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________________ bauddha pramANa siddhAntoMkI jaina-samIkSA grahitA" doSa aaayaa| prathama jJAnake sAthahI pramANakA kArya samApta ho jAya gA phalataH uttara kAlIna bodha vyartha hoMge tathA dhArAvAhI jJAnakI upayogitA svayaM samApta ho jAyagI / jaina isa ApattikA yukti-yukta parihAra karate haiM--padArthakA vAstavika svarUpa hI dhArAvAhI bodhakI prAmANikatA aura upayogitA siddha karaneke lie paryApta hai / saMsArakA pratyeka padArtha dravya (sthAyi rUpa ) tathA paryAya (parivartana ) maya hai arthAt paryAya rUpase satata parivartana zIla hokara bhI dravyarUpase nitya hai / ataeva kaha sakate haiM ki koI bhI padArtha bodhake prathama kSaNameM jisa rUpameM thA uttara kSaNameM vaisA hI nahIM rahegA / kisI bhI padArthake udAharaNArtha 'ghaTa'ke dhArAvAhI jJAnameM sarvathA ekahI prakArakA athavA sarvathA bhinna ghaTa kabhI bhI do kSaNoMmeM sAmane nahIM AtA hai / isa prakriyAke anusAra dhArAvAhI jJAnameM bhI hama dvitIyakSaNameM usIkA grahaNa nahIM karate jise pUrva kSaNameM grahaNakara cuke haiM / zrApAtataH grahIta-grAhitAkA doSa dhArAvAhI jJAnase pare ho jAtA hai aura usakI prAmANikatA para AghAta nahIM karatA hai| naiyAyika bhI grahIta-grahitAko bodhakI prAmANikatAmeM bAdhaka nahIM mAnatA hai| jayanta bhaTTane apanI nyAyamaMjarImeM' isakA vivecana kiyA hai aura yahI niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki grahIta-grAhitA adhikAMza sAkSAtkAroM meM hotI hai tathA smRtikA to yaha asAdhAraNa dharma hai| kintu jayanta bhaTTake anusAra bhI eka aisI sthiti hai jahAM grahIta-grAhitA aprAmANyakI jananI hotI hai| naiyAyika grahIta-grahitAke kAraNa nahIM, apitu vastu sAkSAtkArake uttara kAlameM hI utpanna na honeke kAraNa smRtikI prAmANikatAkA niSedha karate haiM / jayanta bhaTTakA mata hai ki sAkSAtkAra janya bodhameM hama viSaile sarpa, siMha, viSAkta machalI ( Shark ) zrAdi ghAtaka jantuaoMko bArambAra dekhate haiM, aura vizvAsa karate haiM ki hamArA bodha pramANa hai, ukta prANiyoMko ghAtaka mAnate haiM aura surakSAke sthAnapara cale jAte haiM / isI prakAra mAlA, candana, kapUra, Adiko bArambAra dekhate haiM, aura AtmabodhameM prAmANikatAkA vizvAsa rahaneke kAraNa hI inheM upAdeya mAnate haiM / jayanta bhaTTakA tarka hai ki ina padArthoM ke dhArAvAhI jJAnameM grahIta grAhitva isalie nahIM hai ki pratikSaNa ina padArthoM meM naye vaiziSTayoMkA udaya hotA hai, kyoMki aisI kalpanA karane se pratikSaNa viziSTa avasthA ho jAtI hai / saca to yaha hai ki isaprakArake bodhakI prAmANikatAkI grahIta grAhitA anivArya kAraNa nahIM hai / isa kathanameM eka manoharamanovaijJAnika tathya nihita hai-sAdhAraNatayA aisA vizvAsa hai ki navIna vizeSatAoMkA udaya hI eka padArthako satata jJAnakA viSaya banAtA hai kintu sUkSma nirIkSaNane spaSTa kara diyA hai ki satata jijJAsA athavA bodhake lie nUtana vizeSatAeM anAvazyaka hai / jaisA ki jayantabhaTTake "manuSyake asaMkhyavAra dRSTa apane hAthameM nUtana lakSaNoMkA avirbhAva kabhI nahIM hotA" kathanase spaSTa hai / isa kramase jainoM dvArA svIkRta pratyabhijJAnakI satya-jJAnatA asaMbhava hojAtI hai / punarbodhako satya jJAna mAnanekA jaina kAraNa yaha hai ki yaha jJAta padArthakA punarutthApana hai, jisameM pUrvajJAta padArthakA aAbhAsa milA rahatA hai aura use punaH jJeya banA detA 1. nyAyamaJjarIkA pramANa lakSaNa prakaraNa /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hai / ataeva jaina kahate hai ki dhArAvAhI jJAna, punarbodha tathA smRtimeM nihita padArthakA bArambAra jJAna athavA grahItagrAhitva kisI bhI prakAra se bodhakI prAmANikatAko dUSita nahIM karatA hai / sautrAntika pramANa siddhAnta vivecana vaibhASikake samAna sautrAntika bhI 'sat'vAdI hai| vaha mAnatA hai ki jJAnake bAhara padArthoM kI svataMtra sattA hai| yadyapi isa sattAkA prakAza pratyakSase nahIM hotA hai jaisA ki vaibhASikako iSTa hai, apitu anumAna dvArA hotA hai / usakI dRSTi vaibhASikake viparIta hai kyoMki vaha pratyakSajJAnako sadaiva zrAkArahIna nahIM mAnatA hai| padArtha kSaNika haiM, pratikSaNa pratyakSa jJAnameM prAkAra samarpaNa ke kSaNameM hI vaha lupta ho jAte haiM tathA isa zrAkAra-samarpaNake aAdhArapara hameM bAhya vastukA anumAna karanA cAhiye, jo ki aise zrAkArakA kAraNa hotI hai / phalataH sautrAntikakA jJAna sAkAra hai aura sAkAra jJAna pramANa hai / kintu zrAkAra dene vAlI vAhya vastu bodhake kSetrameM nahIM pAtI vaha to anumeya hai / jJAnakI sAkAratAmeM jaina sautrAntikase sahamata hai. tathA jJAnako svasaMvidita bhI mAnatA hai, kintu pratyakSa jJAna vastu prakAzaka hai, isakA apalApa karate hI unakI sahamati samApta ho jAtI hai / sautrAntikake viruddha pramukha jaina Aropa yaha hai ki yadi jJAna sAkAra hai tathA prAkAra jJAnamaya hotA hai to jJAna AkArakI janaka vastukA prakAza kyoM nahIM karegA / vastu prakAzakakA apalApa Atma saMvitakA hI apalApa hai jo ki mUla bauddha mAnyatAke pratikUla hai / isa Apattike parihArake lie jJAnameM grAhya aura grAhaka bheda svIkAra karanA bhI vyartha hai; kyoMki viSaya aura jJAtA hI grAhya tathA grAhaka hai| aura bauddha ekajJAna svarUpa pramAtA, pramiti tathA pramANameM aisA koI bheda nahIM mAnate / zrApAtataH sautrAntika dvArA prastAvita grA-grAhaka bhedakaraNa asaMbhava ho jAtA hai / jainoMkI prabala maulika aApatti to yaha hai ki bAhya vastukA anumAna hI tarka viruddha tathA nissAra hai / sautrAntika tathA sabhI bauddha sampradAyoMmeM jagatake padArtha kSaNika, svalakSita tathA pRthaka haiM / unheM dUsare kSaNameM bacAye rakha karake sApekSa banAnemeM sAmAnya lakSaNatA bhI sahAyaka nahIM hai; kyoMki samasta loka hI kalpanA viracita hai / phalataH avabhAsanake dUsare kSaNameM hI vastu AkAra chor3akara sadAke lie lupta ho jAtI hai| yahI AkAra bodhakA viSaya hotA hai aura apane janaka padArthakA anumApaka kahA jAtA hai| kintu anumAna hetu-svalakSaNa, sAdhya-svalakSaNa tathA vyAptike rUpameM sAmAnya lakSaNa pUrvaka hI hotA hai| isa jaina tarkase sautrAntikake viruddha kumArila 1. ta. bo. vi. samati, pR. 459 / 2. jayanta bhaTTane sautrAntikake viruddha yahI Apatti uThAyIM hai| usakA tarka hai ki grAhaka jJAna tathA grAhya jJAna pravRttikI apekSA bhinna haiN| phalataH ye donoM bhinna tattva ekarasa jJAnako utpanna nahIM kara sakate haiM jaisA ki baddhoMne mAnA hai / dRSTavya nyAya maMjarI 15 ( banArasa saMskaraNa) / 68
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________________ bauddha pramANa siddhAntoMkI jaina-samIkSA dvArA kiye gaye vivAdakA smaraNa ho pAtA hai / kumArilakI yukti yaha hai ki sAmAnya lakSaNa athavA vyAptijJAna kalpanAviracita hai phalataH tArkika dRSTi se svalakSaNase usakA koI sambandha nahIM hai / aura jaba unakA sat vastuaomeM Aropa kiyA jAyagA to ve vastu svabhAvako bhI kucha hIna hI kara deMge / isa prakAra svalakSaNake Azrita anumAna vastu svabhAvako parivartita karate hue kaise svayaM jJAnakA kAraNa ho sakatA hai ? phalataH kumArilake samAna jaina bhI zrAropa karate haiM ki sautrAntika sammata pramANa arthAt sAkArajJAna hameM saMsAra ke padArthoM kA bodha nahIM karA sakatA tathA artha nirNaya athavA artha saMsiddhi meM asaphala hI rahatA hai / vyAptijJAna yA vyApti nizcaya hI anumAna jJAnakI aAdhAra zilA hai, vyAptijJAna dRSTAnta pUrvaka hI hotA hai tathA dRSTAnta pratyakSase jJAta honA cAhiye, kintu sautrAntikakI yaha svayaM siddha mAnyatA hai ki vAhya vastukA pratyakSa nahIM hotA / niSkarSa yaha huA ki dRSTAntapara Azrita hone ke kAraNa vyAptijJAna tathA vyApti mUlaka honeke kAraNa anumAna samApta hojAte haiM / aura sAthahI sAtha 'padArthoM kA pratyakSa nahIM hotA apitu ve anumeya haiM --, satrAntikakA yaha siddhAnta bhI dharAzAyI ho jAtA hai / yogAcAra pramANa siddhAnta-samIkSA yogAcAra bauddhoMkI pradhAna mAnyatA yaha hai ki samasta sat tathA jJeya vastuoMkA joki pRthaka pRthak paramANu haiM, sAkSAtkAra 'pratyaya' yA 'vijJAna' rUpase hotA hai| koI aisI cetanAvasthA nahIM hai jisameM unakI utpatti aura sanbandhakI kalpanA kIjAya, na koI aisI vAhya vastu hai jisaparase unake zrAkAra prakArakA nizcaya kiyA jAya / pratyaya yA vijJAna kalpanA to pAlambana pratyayake lie hai jahAMpara svataH bhinna bhinna pratyayoMkI sthiti tathA sambandha hotA hai / yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki aise vijJAnakI kalpanAkA hetu vaha sAdhAraNa cintA zailI hai jo ukta prakArake aAdhArake vinA jJAnakI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara pAtI hai | sAdhAraNa cintA zailI sugama mArga se calatI hai, aura 'abhyupetavAda se sakucAtI hai, yadyapi aisI prakriyA vastusthiti ( samvRttya ) kA AvaraNa hai kyoMki vastusthiti samasta pratyayoMko abhyupeta hIna hI mAnatI hai / apane siddhAntakI pratiSThA karaneke icchuka yogAcArako sabase pahile pratyayake mUlAdhAra apane hI abhAvako spaSTa dikhAnA hogA / dUsare dRzya bAhya jagatakA abhAva siddha karanA pdd'egaa| kyoMki usake anusAra saMsArakA mUlasrota tathA jJAna santAnakI zrRMkhalA svarUpa AtmA tattvajJAnasambandhI zuddha kalpanA 1, zlo. vA. zlo 52, zUnyavAda pR0 283-4 / 2. tatva. vo. vi. sa. pR, 459 3, zAntarakSitakA tatvasaMgraha ilo 2082--4 / (kamalapUzIkI palikA sahita) 4, paramArthatastu nirAlambanAH sarvAH eva pratyayAH iti / ta0 saM0 pR0 582
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hai| jaisAki usakI kSaNikavAdakI pradhAna mAnyatAke vivecanase spaSTa hai| yahAM kevala una yuktiyoMkA vicAra karanA hai jinake dvArA yogAcAra vAhyArthoM kA abhAva siddha karatA hai / tarkake lie vAhya jagatakI sattAko kalpanA karake yogacAra satvAdiyoMse zAstrArtha prArambha karatA hai| yadi vAhya jagata sat hai to kyA vaha svataMtra, adRzya tathA nirAkAra paramANuaoke rUpameM hai athavA aise paramANuoMse bane puJja yA avayaviyoMke rUpameM hai ? ina do vikalpoMmeMse prathama to TikatA hI nahIM hai kyoMki paramANu AkArakA pratibhAsa na honeke kAraNa sAkSAtkArake anukUla sthiti hI nahIM hai / nirAkArakA pratyakSa to AkAza kusumakA pratyakSa hogaa| pratyakSa ke viSayako sAkAra aura sahaja indriya grAhya honA cAhiye / aAkArakA spaSTa pradarzana pratyakSa jJeyatAkA pUrvacara hai' / ataH nirapekSa, nirAkAra, adRzya paramANu pratyakSakA viSaya nahIM ho sakate / vijJAnavAdI prAcArya bhadanta zubhagupta bhI apane matakI puSTi karate hue yaha mAnate haiM ki apane pRthak evaM aNurUpameM paramANu jJeya nahIM hai / pratyakSakA viSaya tabhI hote haiM jaba ve skandha ( samUha ) rUpameM Ate haiM / kintu sautrAntika zubhaguptakI yuktikI upekSA karatA hai aura mAnatA hai ki skandha rUpatA bhI paramANuoMko pratyayakA viSaya nahIM banA sakatI hai| usakA tarka hai ki avibhAjya honeke kAraNa paramANu nirAkAra hai / phalataH yadi use apane avibhAjya svabhAvase bhraSTa nahIM karanA hai to vaha skandharUpa hokara bhI koI pArimADalya (AkAra ) nahIM grahaNa kregaa| paramANuoMke skandhakI kalpanA zabda vijJAnameM nitya zabda santAnakI bhrAntike samAna hai / isaprakAra sautrAntika avibhAjya paramANukA skandha rUpameM bhI pratyakSa nahIM mAnatA hai| aNu yA skandharUpameM paramANuoMko pratyakSakA aviSaya kahakara vaha siddha karatA hai ki paramANu siddha na kiye jAneke kAraNa usase bane avayavI (skandha) kA anumAna bhI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / avayavisAdhaka anumAna nimna prakAra hai- "vastu avayavI sthUlattvAt parvatAdivat / " isa anumAnameM hetu 'sthUlatvAt' kA vizleSaNa karanepara jJAta hotA hai ki sAdhya vastumeM tathA dRSTAnta parvatameM isakI kalpanA mAtra kara lI gayI hai / vaha donoMmeM nahIM hai kyoMki 'sUkSma pracaya rUpa' ko chor3akara aura sthUla hai kyA ? yaha bhI nahIM kaha sakate ki jo parvatAdike samAna dikhate haiM ve sthUla haiM aura jo dvathaNukAdike samAna adRzya haiM ve sUkSma haiM / kyoMki yaha dharmI vastumeM dvirUpatA (dvaita) ko utpanna kara degaa| phalataH bheda niruddezya hai / tathokta sthUla dRzya honepara bhI apane nirmAtA adRzya paramANuoMke puMjase kaise pRthak siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai ? yataH 'sthUlatva' hetu 'avayavI' sAdhyameM nahIM hai phalataH vaha 'asiddha hetu kA nidarzana hogaa| Upari likhita kAraNoMse hI hetu 'parvatAdi' dRSTAntameM bhI nahIM hai| ataH vaha 'sAdhana vikala' hogaa| yadi 'sat' vAdI kahe ki 'rUpa' athavA sAkAratA jo samasta 'deza vitAna' yukta padArthoM meM pAyI 1 "AtmAkArapratibhAsitvena pratyakSasya vyAptivat / " ta. saM. pa. pU. 551 / 2 ta. saM. zlo. 1972 / /
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________________ bauddha pramANa siddhAntoMkI jaina-samIkSA jAtI hai usakI upekSA nahIM kI jA sktii| aura vaha sabhI sthUla padArthoM meM spaSTa hai, to vijJAnavAdI kahatA hai ki isase bhI hetu sAdhyameM siddha na hogA, kyoMki hama svapna vijJAnameM 'rUpa' yA avayavitvako dekhate haiM kintu jAganepara paramANu pracaya rUpa sthUlatAkA bhAna nahIM hotA / phalataH ukta hetumeM 'anekAnta' athavA 'saMdigdhatva' doSa bhI AtA hai, kyoMki hetuko sAdhya ekAntameM athavA sAdhyAbhAva rUpI dUsare ekAntameM hI rahanA cAhiye, donoMmeM nahIM / yadi prakRta hetuke samAna sAdhya tathA sAdhyAbhAva donoMmeM hetu rahe to vaha anekAnta doSase duSTa hogaa| phalataH sAdhya aura pakSake sambandhameM sandeha hogA / ataeva vijJAnavAdI bAhyArtha avayavIko anumAnakA aviSaya hI mAnatA hai| grAhya-grAhaka dvaita vimarSa ukta prakArase vAhyArthako pratyakSa tathA anumAnase pare siddha karake vijJAnavAdI grAhya tathA grAhakake bhedakA bhI khaNDana karatA hai| vAhya jagatakA pratyakSa tathA anumAnase niSedha kara deneke bAda ukta kArya vijJAnavAdIke lie sukara ho jAtA hai| grAhya arthAt vodhake viSayakI sArthakatA grAhakake sadbhAvameM hI hai tathA grAhaka bhI grAhya padArthoMke sadbhAvameM sArthaka hotA hai| phalataH jaba vAhya jagata rUpI brAhya samApta kara diye gaye to grAhaka svayaM nirarthaka ho jAtA hai tathA ina donoMke bhedake lupta ho jAneke bAda vizuddha jJAna ( vijJaptimAtratA ) hI zeSa raha jAtA hai jo ki svayaM prakAzya hai / vijJAna anaMza, eka aura kSaNika hai phalataH mImAMsaka sammata jJAtA, jJeya aura jJAnakI tripuTI usameM nahIM banatI hai / vijJAnakA sAra 'svasaMvedana' mAtra hai| yaha sva prakAzaka, svastha cittavRtti hai, jo kisI vAhya prakAzakakI apekSA nahIM karatI / vijJAnavAdIkI dRSTimeM bodha kisI padArthakA bodha nahIM hotA hai, aura na bodhake lie vastukI aAvazyakatA hI hai / usake anusAra sthiti yaha hai ki jJeya aura jJAtA donoMmeM tArkika dRSTi se hI bheda hai anyathA ve donoM bodhakI do abhedya avasthAeM haiN| jJAna prakriyA 'jJAnase padArtha hai. 'padArthase jJAna' nahIM / kintu jJAna padArthakA janaka nahIM hai / yataH jJAna aura padArthakA bahudhA yugapat hI bodha hotA hai ataH yogAcAra donoMmeM ekarUpatA mAnatA hai| 'nIla aura nIla-jJAnameM bheda nahIM hai kyoMki donoMkI upalabdhi eka sAtha hotI hai | sAdhAraNa vyaktiko jJAna aura jJeyakA jo bheda pratIta hotA hai vaha bhrAnti hai / jJApaka honekA tAtparya vastukA jJAtA honA hai para isakA yaha tAtparya kadApi nahIM ki grAhya aura grahItAmeM koI bheda yA sImA hai / jJAna kisI viziSTa AkArake zrAzrayase hotA haiM ataH jJAna kabhI bhI nirAkAra nahIM hotA, kintu zrAkAra jJAnameM pUrNarUpase nahIM rahatA / usakA aAdhAra to purAtana anubhavase utpanna vAsanA hotI hai; jisakA AdhAra dUsarI vAsanA aura dUsarIkA tIsarI isa prakAra ananta santAna 1-zunyabAda zlo0 59, nyAya rtnaakr| 2-pramANa samuccaya (1.3) tathA nyAyapraveza / 71
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hotI hai| yogAcAra isameM anavasthAkI aAzaMkA nahIM karatA kyoMki vaha 'vAsanA' ko anAdi mAnatA hai| niSkarSa yaha huA ki kisI bhI avasthAmeM bodhakA nizcaya vAha. padArtha dvArA nahIM hotA hai kintu vaha vicArAtmaka zakti anAdi vAsanAkA paripAka aura pravRtti hai jise prANI pUrva bhavoMmeM niHsIma rUpase saMcita karatA rahA hai / bodhakA nirNaya bhUta tathA vartamAna vAsanAoMke dvArA hotA hai evaM tathokta vAhya vastuko bodha nizcAyaka mAnanA bRddhi doSa hai, aAdi hetu oMkA ye gAcArane apanA aAdarza siddha karaneke lie vistAra kiyA hai / vaha kahatA hai ki yadi vAhya vastukA koI apanA svabhAva hai aura vaha bodhajanaka hai to vaha vividha jJAnakendroMse kyoM zrAbhAsa detA hai aura eka hI indriyako bhI vividha paristhitiyoM meM bhinna bhinna rUpase kyoM jJAta hotA hai / jJAnabheda vAsanA zaktijanya to saMbhava hai kintu satvAdIko abhISTa bAhya vastuke svabhAva janya to nahIM hI ho sakatA hai / isaprakAra spaSTa hai ki viSaya tathA bodhakA bheda bhrAnta jJAna yA paristhiti janya hai| grAhya aura grAhakakA bheda bheda hIna jJAnameM lupta ho jAtA / viSaya tathA bodhake isa abhedakA yogAcArane pratyakSake lakSaNameM bhI samAveza kiyA hai / isake samarthaka sandarbha madhyakAlIna tArkika gurU diGanAgake prakaraNoM meM milate haiM / yogAcArake pramANa siddhAntake anusAra bodha tathA usakI prAmANikatA tvayaM-prakAzya, svayaM-utpanna bauddhika tattva haiM, vAhya vastuse nirapekSa hai, bAhya jagata vAstavika nahIM hai tathA grAhya-grAhakabheda jJAnasaraNimeM agrAhya hai / aba isa yogAcAra ke pramANa siddhAntako jaina tArkika dRSTi se dekhiye / apanI dvandvAtmaka mAnyatAke dvArA vijJAnavAdI jo siddha karanA cAhatA hai vaha yahI hai ki anAdi vAsanAse vijJAna santAna utpanna hotI hai aura vAhya vastueM usameM thor3I bhI sahAyaka nahIM haiM, kyoMki ve avastu haiM / phalataH vijJAnavAdIkA bodha svavAsI' hai, arthAta 'sva' se utpanna aura svakA prakAzaka hai| isake uparAnta jainAcArya usa doSa paramparAko batAte haiM jo vijJAna vAdIko abhISTa pramANa siddhAntameM AtI hai / vijJAna vAdIke matake jainakhaNDanake do pakSa haiM -prathama to niSedhAtmaka tathA vidhvaMsAtmaka hai kyoMki bAhArthoM kA jJAnameM samAveza karanA pratyakSa tathA anumAnake viruddha hai / tathA dUsarA vidhiparaka aura racanAtmaka hai kyoMki yaha pratyakSa tathA anumAna pramANa dvArA bAhya padArthokI paramArtha sattA siddha karatA hai| ___samantabhadra, akalaMka, siddharSi gaNI, zrAdine usa hetu paramparAko diyA hai jo vizada rUpase siddha karatI hai ki viSayake vinA bodha asaMbhava hai| prathama tarka to yaha hai ki vAhyArtha vihIna svapna vijJAnakI samAnatA dvArA yaha siddha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki bodha vAhya viSayake vinA hI ho jAtA hai / svapnameM manuSya vAhyArthake binA vana, devatA, Adike zrAkArakA anubhava karatA hai / jainAcAyoMne aAdhunika 1--ta. bo. vi. pR. 480-488 / 2-nyAyavatAra, kaNikA 1, pR. 11, aadi| 72
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________________ bauddha pramANa siddhAntoMkI jaina-samIkSA manovaijJAnikoM : samAna spaSTa batAyA hai ki svapna meM dRSTa vividha padArthoM ke aAkAra jAgrata avasthA meM unheM jAne vinA dikha hI nahIM sakate haiM / ve vividha anubhava ja ya saMskAroMke Azrita haiM jo caita yameM sacita haiM / tathA zArIrika evaM mAnasika uttejana tathA saMdarbha milate ho jAga uThate haiM / yadi vAhya arthake vinA hI svapna dikhate to hameM AkAza kamala, chaThA bhUta, zrAdi dikhanA cAhiye thA / vAhyArtha vinA pratibhAsa mAnanepara jJAnake AkAra prakArakA nizcaya asaMbhava hai / isa aApattise bacane ke lie samasta jJAnoMke srota anAdi avidyA janya vAsanAkA yogAcAra sahArA lenA cAhegA kintu jainAcArya use nimna anyonyAzrayameM DAla dete haiM / yadi vAsanA pratibhAsakI vividhatAkA kAraNa hai to vaha jJAnase bhinna hai athavA abhinna ? yadi . bhinna hai to vijJAna vAdoko kiso anya jJAnakI kalpanA karanI par3egI jo isa bhedako grahaNa karegA / samatta pratyaya vijJAna haiM aura vijJAna vinA koI bhI pratyaya saMbhava nahIM hai, kintu isa bhedake mAnanepara vijJAnase bAhara koI pratyaya mAnanA hI par3egA / yadi vijJAna vAdA kahe ki vAsanA pRthak hokara bhI vijJAnase utpanna hotI hai tathA vijJAnameM bhrAnta grAhya-grAhaka sambandha hotA hai, to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakArakA anumAna kalpanA karAtA hai ki vAsanA tathA sambandha-vijJAnakA sambandha avazya honA caahiye| yogAcAra matameM aisA sambandha asaMbhava hai kyoMki usane utpattike dUsare kSaNameM vijJAnakI sattA tathA sambandha karAnevAle AtmAkI sthitikA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / vAsanAke isa anumAnake nimna tIna pariNAma aura hoNge| prathama to yaha sarva sAdhAraNake anubhava tathA vyavahArake viruddha hai kyoMki saba ho yaha jAnate haiM ki mana, indriya tathA padArtha saMyogase jJAna hotA hai / dUsare vAsanA eka aiso adRzya tathA kAlpanika vastu hai jise kisI bhI vaijJAnika jJAna siddhAntase siddha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / tIsare yadi vAsanAke nimittase sAdhAraNa vijJAna ananta zrAkAra prakAra grahaNa kara sakatA hai to usake dvArA jar3akA cetana rUpase pratyaya kyoM nahIM hogA ? kyoMki lokottara vastuko kucha asaMbhava to ho hI nahIM sakatA / ina kupariNAmoMse vacaneke lie vijJAna vAdIko apanA mata parivartana karanA par3egA aura mAnanA par3egA ki vAhya artha hI vijJAnako vividhatAke kAraNa haiM aura vAsanA isa AkAra prakArake vaividhyakA kAraNa nahIM hai| yadi vAsanA aura vijJAna abhinna hoM to use jJAnarUpase pratyaya karanA cAhiye, vAsanA rUpase nahIM aisI sthitimeM padArthoMke zrAkAra prakArakI vividhatAkA bodha sadAke lie ulajha jAyagA / A0 prabhAcandrakRta mImAMsA tArkika guru sUkSmAti sUkSma tattva parIkSaka zrI prabhAcandrAcAryane bhI yogAcArake vAhya artha niSedhakA khaNDana kiyA hai / pramANa sat vastuke jJAnakI sAdhaka rUpase upekSA nahIM karatA hai ise hI unhoMne 1. nyAyAvatAra kaNikA 1 pR. 12 / 10
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha anya prakArase siddha kiyA hai| / yogAcArakI ukta mAnyatAkA unhoMne aisI yukti-pratyuktiyoM dvArA khaNDana kiyA hai jinheM dekha kara prAcya tathA pAzcatya dArzanika stabdha raha jAte haiM / vaha isa prakAra hai-sautrAntikake samAna yogAcAra bhI jJAnako sAkAra mAnatA hai, kintu yogAcArakA mata hai ki jJAna mastiSkase bAhara kisI vastuse utpanna nahIM hotA apitu avidyA janya anAdi vAsanAse prAdurbhUta hotA hai aura jJAna eka sAtha hI upalabdha hone vAle prameya tathA pramitikA sArUpya hai| prAcArtha prabhAcandra kahate haiM ki pramiti tathA prameyakI kalpanA hI dvaitako siddha karatI hai, vodha viSayakA aikya nhiiN| kyoMki nIla-pratyayakA tAtparya nIla AkArakA jJAna hI to hai| tathA stambha pratyayake samAna usakI jar3atAkA bhI avabhAsa hotA hI hai / yahAM do prazna uThate haiM--kyA jJAnake spaSTa do pakSa hote haiM yA eka ? yadi do pakSa haiM to prathama nIla padArthakI nIlatAkA cetana avabhAsa hai tathA dUsarA usakI jar3atAkA abheda jJAna hai| kintu isa avasthA meM yogAcArako apanA vijJAnAdvaita chor3anA hI par3egA / yadi koI tIsarA jJAna mAna liyA jAya jo ukta donoM saMskAroMko lekara tathA dvividha hokara padArtha jJAna karatA hai to prArambhika jJAna ayogya ho jAyagA aura jar3atAko prApta hogA / yadi hama jJAnakA eka hI aisA pakSa mAne jo nIlatA aura jar3a aAkArakA bodha karAtA hai taba vaha eka hI samayameM aAMzika rUpase cetana-acetana hogaa| svAtmabhUta nIlatAkA bodha karake vaha cetana hogA tathA apanese pRthaka ( atadAkAra ) padArthake paudgalika rUpako grahaNa karake jar3a bhI hogaa| phalataH jJAna bhI 'ardhajarato nyAya ' kA zikAra ho jAyagA / yogAcArake nIlatA jJAna sambandhI kaThinatAkA khaNDana karate samaya abhayadevane bhI tIkSNa tarka kiye haiM / nimna prakaraNameM yogAcAra vyati-jJAna kI svayaM pratipannatAkA zrAzraya lekara apanA mata puSTa kara sakatA hai, kaha sakatA hai ki jisa prakAra mukha duHkhakA sva pratibhAsa hotA hai usI prakAra bodha tathA sukhAdi prakAzanake madhyameM vyAptikA bhI ho jAyagA ThIka isI vidhise jar3a nIla padArthake jJAna aura bodhake AtmaprakAzake madhyameM vyaptijJAna ho jaaygaa| pariNAma yaha hogA ki nIlapadArthake bodhameM jo acetana bhAga hai vaha aAtmajJAnase sambaddha ho jAyagA aura ardhajaratI nyAyakI Apatti nirAdhAra ho jAyagI / prA0 abhayadeva pUchate haiM kyA isameM koI vAstavika vyApti nizcaya hai| isakA aAdhAra yA to dRSTAnta hogA yA samAna hetu / dRSTAnta aise nizcayakA AdhAra nahIM ho sakatA, kyoM ki aisA karaneke pahile yaha dekhanA anivArya hai ki vipakSameM bAdhaka na ho / prakRta vyApti nizcayameM vipakSakA na honA akalpanIya nahIM hai / dUsare sukha-duHkha prakAzakI nIlAdiprakAzase tulanA ucita nahIM hai kyoM ki ina donoM ( dRSTAnta tathA dAAntika) 1. prame. ka. mArtaNDa pR. 27 sammati tarka pR. 484 / 2. AdhI vRddhA AdhI yuvtii| 3. "sukhAdi prakAzanaM jJAnavyAptam svayaM pratipannattvAt / "
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________________ bauddha pramANa siddhAntoM jaina-samIkSA meM koI sabala samatA nahIM hai| yaha tarka karanA ki nIlake prakAzameM cit aMzakI kalpanA utanI hI ayukta hai jitanA sImita jJAnake kAraNa kisI prANIko puruSa kahanA hai / abhayadeva aura sUkSma vizleSaNa karate haiM aura donoMkI samatAko nirmUla kara dete haiN| unakA tarka hai ki "sukhAdikA prakAzana jJAnavyApta hai svayaM pratipanna honese / " tathA "nIlAdiprakAzana jJAnavyApta hai anya pratipanna honeke kaarnn|" meM 'jJAnavyAptatva' hI sAdhya hai / kintu pahalekA hetu dUsareke hetuse bhinna hai / prathamake 'svayaM pratipannatva' kA artha hai ki sukhAdikA anubhava vAhya hetuke vinA svayaM hI hotA hai| tathA dUsare hetu 'anyapratipannatva' kA tAtparya hai "kisI dUsare pramANase jJAta hotA hai / " sukhAdi pratibhAsakA nIlAdipratibhAsase sambandha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai jisake balapara jar3a nIlAdi pratyayameM bhI sukhAdi pratyayakA 'tvapratipannatva' siddha kiyA jA sake / bauddha indriyavijJAna meM aisI samatAko sthAna nahIM hai| phalataH nIlAdi prakAzameM svaprakAzatA tathA jar3atAkA samanvaya nahIM hotA, pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki 'nIla tathA nIlajJAna eka haiN|' vijJAnavAdIkA yaha mata bhI siddha nahIM hotaa| vijJAnavAdIke dvArA uThAye gaye jJAna aura usake AkAra ( tadAkAra ) kI samasyAko bhI prabhAcandrAcArya ne apanI vAstavika dRSTike anusAra nUtanarUpa diyA hai| jJAnakI utpattimeM bodha, viSaya tathA jJAnagata zrAkAra kAraNa nahIM haiM, jJAna tathA jJeyake sambandhakA nirNaya jJAnake antaraMga AkArake dvArA hotA hai yaha ucita mAnyatA nahIM hai / tathA prArambhameM jJAna nirAkAra utpanna hotA hai aura bAdameM kisI prakAra vastuse sambaddha hokara zrAkAra dhAraNa karatA hai yaha bhI yukti saMgata nahIM hai| prathama vikalpa asaMgata hai kyoMki jJAnakA kabhI tathA kahIM bhI apane antaraMgarUpa dvArA nirNaya nahIM huA hai pratyuta viSayase sadA hI sambaddha rahatA hai| jJeyake vizeSa dharma ke nizcaya dvArA hI jJAna tathA jJeyakA sambandha puSTa hotA hai kintu kabhI bhI jJAna tathA jJeyake mizrita eka rUpase nahIM hotaa| dUsarA vikalpa bhI inhIM hetuaoMse agrAhya hai kyoM ki samasta pratyaya apane vizeSa jJeyase sambaddha hote haiM / niSkarSa yaha huA ki na jJAna apane antaraMgameM zrAkAra yukta aura na nirAkAra hI hai| kisI bhI avasthAmeM jJAnakA jJeya hotA hI hai tathA vaha usakA AkAra bhI grahaNa karatA hai| prAcArya prabhAcandrane yaha saba pratipAdana karate hue yaha bhI kahA hai ki jJAna svataMtra tathA zrAtmodbhava hai / kintu svayaM utpanna hote hue bhI jJAna indriyoM tathA viSayakA nimitta letA hai tathA arthakA AkAra grahaNa karatA hai / indriyAM jJAnakI sAkAratAkA kAraNa haiM isa mA yatAkA bauddhoMke sAtha ve bho khaMDana karate haiM kyoMki vAhyArthake abhAvameM bhI indriya vyApAra hotA hai tathA vinA aAkArake jJAna hotA ho hai / vaibhASika sammata nirAkAra jJAnavAda bhI parIkSA karanepara nahIM TikatA kyoMki vizeSa artha ke abhAvameM saba prakArake jJAnakI saMbhAvanA hai jo avyavasthA paidA kregii| jabaki yaha satya hai ki hameM vizeSa arthoM ke 1--"kutazcitpramANAt pratIyate / " 2-"svakAraNaistajjananenArthasambodhamevotpadyate / pra. ka. mA. pR. 28 / 75
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha AdhArakI jJAnameM pratIti hotI hai| jaina siddhAnta indriyoM tathA padArthako jJAna kAraNa mAnate hue bhI yaha nahIM mAnatA ki unheM jJAnakI utpattimeM upAdAnatA hai / aisA mAnanA naiyAyikake 'indriya artha sannikarSa' se jJAna honeke siddhAntako svIkAra kara lenA hai / indriyArtha sannikarSako svIkAra karanekA tAtparya hogA ki sva-para prakAzaka cetana jJAna jar3a tathA aparAkSa padArtha se utpanna hotA hai| jaina jJAna paddhati na to yogAcArake samAna 'jJAnase padArtha hai aura na naiyAyikake samAna 'arthase jJAna' hI hai apitu vaha aAtma parispanda dvArA udbhava hotA hai aura svAyatta prakArase padArthako yathAvidhi grahaNa karatA hai aura usakA AkAra bhI grahaNa karatA hai| pramANa lakSaNa parIkSaNa-- dharmottara kRta pramANakI bauddha paribhASAkI mIsAMsA kiye vinA yaha prakaraNa sarvAGga na hogaa| ataeva "avisaMvAdaka jJAnahI samyagjJAna hai'' para dRSTi denese jJAta hotA hai ki samvAdakase usakA tAtparya jJAnakI arthako prApta karanekI yogyatA (pradarzitArtha prAptitvam ) se hai / kintu kisI padArthake jJAna tathA icchA zaktimeM bar3A antara hai / zrA0 dharmottarakA kahanA hai ki pramANakA phala artha jJAna hai / tathA vahI jJAna pramANa hai jisakA viSaya aba taka anadhigata ho| isa pramANa lakSaNakA vicAra karate hue jainAcArya pahile to 'anadhigatArtha' vizeSaNa para Apatti karate haiM / isake viruddha diye gaye hetuaoMkA ullekha 'grahIta grAhitA ke vicArameM ho cukA hai| ye paryApta haiM kyoMki unhIMke balapara grahIta grAhitAko pramANatA prApta huI hai / dUsarI vicAraNIya bAta prApaNa-zakti hai| jaisAki vijJAnavAdI kahatA hai ki jJAnake uttarakSaNameM padArthakI heyopAdeyatAse tyAga zrAdAna rUpa pravRtti hotI hai| jainadRSTise yaha mAnanA bhrAnta hai kyoMki heyopAdeyatAke atirikta padArtha meM upekSaNIyatA bhI to hotI hai / vastumeM jaina mAnyatAnusAra rAga, dveSa tathA udAsanitA hote haiM / kyoM ki prathama doke samAna upekSAkA bhI spaSTa anubhava hotA hai / phalataH upekSaNIyake prati pravRci asaMbhava hai| phalataH vijJAnavAdIkA arthaguNa vivecana tathA tajanya pravRttiyoMkA svarUpa sarvAGga nahIM hai| jaina kahate haiM ki yadi icchA athavA pravRttiko prAmANyakA kAraNa mAnA jAyagA to phira anumAna ko prAmANikatAkI bhI yaha kasauTI mAnanA anavasthAko utpanna kregaa| kyoMki anumAnakA viSaya sAmane nahIM hotA, sadaiva bhUta yA bhaviSyat hotA hai| 1 "avisaMvAdaka jJAnaM samyagjJAnam " nyAyavindu TIkA pR. 3 2. "arthAdhigatireva prmaannphlm"| nyAyavindu TIkA pR. 3 / 3. nyAya0 pR. 4 / 4. nyAya maJjarI pR. 22 / 5. sa. ta. pR. 468-71 / / 76
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________________ bauddha pramANa siddhAntoMkI jaina-samIkSA vijJAnavAdI kaha sakate haiM ki anumAnameM bhI pradarzitArtha prApakatva' saMbhava hai kyoMki viSayake maulika tathA kAlpanika rUpake sAdRzya ke kAraNa anumAtA adhyavasAyakI zaraNa letA hai| anumAnameM padArtha yadyapi vAstavika nahIM hotA tathApi anumitijJAnameM aisI kSamatA hai ki vaha anumeya padArthako padArthatva pradAna karatA hai anumeya aura dRSTa padArthakA jise abheda adhyAsa kahate haiN| isa prakAra pradarzitArtha aura dRSTa padArthakA prApakatva anumAnakA bhI lakSaNa hokara use pramANatA pradAna karatA hai / abhayadeva kahate hai ki jisa kSaNikavAdake kAraNa pratyakSake viSayoMmeM pradarzitArtha prApakatA asaMbhava hai, vahI kSaNikavAda anumAnake viSayameM ise sarvathA akalpanIya kara degA / yadi vijJAnavAdImeM tArkikatAkA leza bhI zeSa ho to use jJAna tathA icchAzaktike tAttvika bhedako svIkAra karanA hI cAhiye kyoMki darzana aura prApaNake kSaNameM atyanta bheda hotA hai / isase bacaneke lie bauddha jJAna saMtAnakA prAzraya legA jaisA ki vaha bahudhA karatA hai / kintu yadi vaha santAnako prakaTa jJAnase pRthak mAnegA jaisA ki yahAM pratIta hotA hai to isakA tAtparya hogA ki vaha apane kSaNikavAdake mUla siddhAntako hI chor3a rahA hai| pramANakI ukta paribhASA ko saMvyavahArika mAnakara yadi vijJAnavAdI bacanA cAhe to use svIkAra karanA par3egA ki vaha pramANakI dUsarI paribhASA kara sakatA hai jo ki nitya tathA anitya padArthoM meM eka rUpase raha sakegI, kevala anityameM nahIM / isakA tAtpartha hogA jainoMkI nityA-nitya padArthoMke jJAnarUpa pramANakI paribhASAko svIkAra krnaa| siddharSi gaNikA ukta paribhASAkA vivecana adhika vistRta hai| ve kahate haiM ki 'avi saMvAdaka' ke do artha haiM--prathama artha to yaha hai ki jJAna padArthako prAptakarane kI ceSTA dvArA jJAna pramANa hotA hai / "prAptiyogya padArthakA nirdeza dUsarA artha hotA hai / aba yadi hama prathama arthako satya mAne to jala budabudakA jJAna apramANa hogA kyoMki una taka pahuMcate pahuMcate ve naSTa ho jAte haiN| dUsarA artha lene para bhI hamArI pahuMcake bAhara sthita tArA, grahAdikA jJAna pramANa na ho skegaa| ataH siddharSi gaNi usakA 'avicalitArtha viSayatvam 4 artha karate haiM / atha t jaba jJAna padArthako apane nizcita dravya kSetra, kAla, bhAvAdikI apekSA jAnatA hai taba vaha pramANa hotA hai jisameM padArtha aneka kSaNa ThaharatA hai / jise svIkAra karake vijJAnavAdI apane ArAdhya kSaNikavAdakA hI nidhana karegA / jJAnakA viSaya sthAyI padArtha honeke lie vastuko aneka kSaNoM meM tadrUpase hI jJAta honA cAhiye, 1. "dRzya prApya kSaNayoratyanta bhedAt / " 2. sa. ta. pR. 471 / 3. nyAyAvatAra vRtti pR. 14 / 4. nayavinduTIkA, niyatArtha pra. pR. 4 / 77
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha usameM pratikSaNa bAdhA nahIM DAlanI cAhiye jaisA ki kSaNikavAdameM hotA hai / phalataH vijJAnavAdIko kSaNikavAdake atirikta anya siddhAnta svIkAra karanA par3egA / isa prakAra tArkika yuktiyoM ke dvArA jainAcAryoMne siddha kiyA hai ki bauddha pramANa paribhASA na to padArthoM ke yathArtha jJAna karAneke uddezya meM saphala hotI hai aura na usake mAnya pratyakSa aura anumAnakI pramANatA hI siddha karatI hai| avisaMvAdakatA' ko lekara hI vijJAnavAdI ghapale meM par3atA hai ise hI prAmANyakI eka mAtra kasauTI mAnakara bhI vaha bhUla jAtA hai ki isake caritArtha hone ke lie vastuko kamase kama do kSaNa rahanA cAhiye jaba ki vaha use eka kSaNake bAda Thaharane denekI bhI udAratA nahIM dikhA sakatA hai /
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________________ jaina darzana po0 mAdhavAcArya, ema0 e0| yaha darzana pradhAna rUpase arhat bhagavAnakA upAsaka hai isalie koI koI dArzanika isako 'aAhata-darzana' bhI kahate haiM / saMsArake tyAgI puruSoMko paramahaMsacaryA sikhAneke lie triguNAtIta puruSa vizeSa paramezvarane RSabhAvatAra liyA thA aisA bhAgavata Adi purANoM meM varNita mahimA maya varNanase spaSTa hai / jagatake lie paramahasa-caryAkA patha dikhAnevAle aApahI the| hamAre jainadharmAvalambI bhAI Apako 'zrAdinAtha' kahakara smaraNa karate hue jainadharmake AdipracAraka mAnate haiN| bhagavAna RSabhadevane sukha prAptikA jo rAstA vatAyA thA vaha hiMsA, Adi bhayaMkara pApoMke saghana timirameM adRSTa sA hogyaa| usake zodhanake lie ahiMsA dharmake avatAra bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmIkA avirbhAva huA jinheM jaina loga zrIvardhamAna prabhu kahakara zraddhAMjali samarpita karate haiN| mahAvIra svAmIke upadezoM ko sUtroMke rUpameM grathita karanevAle AcAoMne mahAvIra svAmIke avatarita honekA prayojana batAyA hai ki, "savva jagA rakkhaNa dATa aAapavayaNaM su kahiyaM bhagavayA" bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmIne vyathita jIvoMke karuNa-krandanase karuNAdra citta hokara saba jIvoMkI rakSA rUpa dayA ke lie sArvajanIna upadeza denA prArambha kiyA thaa| yaha sarva sAdhAraNako jJAta hai ki bhagavAna buddhadevane vizvako dukha rUpa kahate hue kSaNika kahate samaya yaha vicAra nahIM kiyA thA ki isase aneka aneka lAbhoMke sAtha kyA kyA doSa hoMge / unakA uddezya vizvako vairAgyakI tarapha le jAnekA thA jisase anAcAra atyAcAra tathA hiMsAkA lopa ho jaay| mahAvIra svAmIne buddhadevase banAye gaye adhikAriyoMkI isa kamIko pUrA karane para bhI dhyAna diyA thA / inhoMne kahA ki akhila padArthoMko kSaNika samajhakara zUnyako tattvakA rUpa denA bhayaMkara bhUla hai / jaba saba manuSya raMga rUpa meM ekase hI haiM taba phira kyA kAraNa haiM ki koI rAjA banakara zAsana kara rahA hai aura koI prajA banA huA AjJA pAlatA hai / kisI meM kaI vizeSatAeM pAyI jAtI haiM to kisI ko ve bAteM prayAsa karanepara bhI nahIM milatI / isameM koI kAraNa avazya hai| vartamAna jagatako dekhakara merI samajhameM to yahI AtA hai ki zarIrase bhinna, acche bure karmoMke zubha azubha phalakA bhoktA, zarIrako dhAraNa 79
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha karanevAlA koI avazya hai / usake rahanese yaha prANI-caitanya rahatA hai, usake chor3a denese mRtaka kahalAtA hai / vaha caitanya zarIrake jIvanakA kAraNa honese jIva zabdase bolA jAtA hai / kSaNa kSaNameM to isa paridRzyamAna jagatake pariNAma huA karate haiN| isalie pariNAma hI pratikSaNa honeke kAraNa kSaNika kahA jA sakatA hai / kSaNika kahane vAloMkA vAstavika matalaba pariNAmako kSaNika kahanekA hai dUsare kisI dravya, Adiko nhiiN| jo zUnya kahA jAtA hai usakA artha kathaMcit zUnya kahanese haiM, kevala zUnya kahanese nahIM / kyoMki paridRzyamAna vizva kathaMcit pariNAma yA paryAyarUpase zU-ya anitya athavA asat kahA jA sakatA hai, dravyatva rUpase nahIM kahA jA sktaa| . yaha darzana eka dravya padArtha hI mAnatA hai / guNa aura paryAyake aAdhArako dravya kahate haiM / ye guNa aura paryAya isa dravya ke hI yAtma svarUpa haiM, isalie ye dravyakI kisI bhI hAlatameM dravyase pathaka nahIM hote / dravya ke pariNata honekI avasthAko paryAya kahate haiM jo sadA sthita na rahakara pratikSaNameM badalatA rahatA hai-jisase dravya rUpAntarameM pariNata hotA hai / anuvRtti tathA vyAvRttikA sAdhana guNa kahalAtA hai, jisake kAraNa dravya sajAtIyase milate hue tathA vijAtIyase vibhinna pratIta hote rahate haiN| ___ isakI sattAmeM isa darzana ke anuyAyI sAmAnya vizeSake ( pRthaka ) mAnanekI koI AvazyakatA nahIM smjhte| dravya eka aisA padArtha isa darzanane mAnA hai kisake mAnanepara isase dUsare padArtha mAnanekI aAvazyakatA nahIM rahatI, isalie isakA lakSaNa karanA paramAvazyaka hai / zrImAn kundakundAcArya ne apane pravacanasAra' meM dravyakA lakSaNa yaha kiyA hai--- aparityaktasvAbhAvena utpAdavyayadhruvatvasaMvaddham / guNavaccasaparyAyam yattadravyamiti bruvanti // 3 // arthAt - jo apane astitva svabhAvako na chor3akara, utpAda, vyaya tathA dhruvatAse saMyukta hai evaM guNa tathA paryAyakA aAdhAra hai so dravya kahA jAtA hai| yahI lakSaNa tattvArthasUtrameM bhI kiyA hai ki "guNaparyaya vadravyam' "utpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat' / yaha dravya jIvAstikAya, dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, aAkAzAstikAya, pudgalAstikAya kAla ina bhedoMse chaha prakArakA hotA hai / sAvayava vastuke samUhako astikAya kahate haiN| kAlako chor3akara zeSa dravya sapradezI haiM, isalie jainanyAyameM kAlako varjakara sabake sAtha 'astikAya' zabdakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| zrI kundakundAcAryane zrAtmAko arUpa, agaMdha, avyakta, azabda, arasa, bhUtoMke cinhoMse agrAhya, nirAkAra tathA cetanA guNavAlA athavA caitanya mAnA hai| 1 yaha zeyAdhikAra meM kahI huI gAthAkA chAyAnuvAda hai| 80
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________________ jaina darzana rUpa, rasa gaMdha, sparza guNavAle teja, jala, pRthvI, vAyukA pudgala zabdase vyavahAra hotA hai kyoMki ye 'pUraNa-galana' svabhAva vAle hote haiM / pudgala dravya sUkSma aura sthUla bhedase do prakArakA hotA hai / usake sUkSmapanekI antima hada paramANu para jAkara hotI haiM / tathA paramANuaoMke saMghAta bhAvako prApta hue pRthivI, aAdika sthUla kahalAte haiM / jIva aura pudgaloMkI gatimeM sahAyakako dharma kahate haiM tathA gati-pratibandhaka 'adharma' nAmase pukArA jAtA hai| avakAza denevAle padArthako 'zrAkAza' kahakara bolate haiM / dravyake paryAyoMkA pariNamana karanevAlA kAla kahalAtA hai| ___ yaha chaha prakArake dravyoMkA bheda lakSaNa sahita dikhalAyA gayA hai / sampUrNa vastujJAna ina hI kA prasAra hai, aisA isa darzana kA mata hai / jainadarzanakA pramANa bhI vedAnta siddhAntase milatA julatA hai| inake yahAM apanA aura para padArthakA aApahI nizcaya karanevAlA, svapara-prakAzaka jJAnahI 'pramANa' kahalAtA hai tathA isake lie AtmA zabdakA bhI vyavahAra hotA hai; kyoMki yahI jJAna prAtmA hai| yaha pratyakSa tathA parokSa bhedase do prakArakA hotA hai / sAMvyavahArika tathA paramArthika bhedase pratyakSa bhI do prakArakA kahA gayA hai| indriya va manakI sahAyatAse jo jJAna hotA hai vaha sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahalAtA hai| cakSu aura mana to viSayakA dUra rahane para bhI anubhava karalete haiM parantu bAkI indriyAM viSayakA samIpya prApta hone para hI vizeSa saMyoga dvArA anubhava kara sakatI haiN| isalie jainAgama mana aura cakSuko aprApyakArI tathA bAkI cAroM jJAnendriyoMko prApyakArI kahatA hai / indriyoMke bhedase unake anusAra isake bhI bheda hote haiM / jainI loga vyavahArake nirvAha karanevAle pratyakSako sAMvyavahArika pratpakSa kahate haiN| isakA dUsarA nAma matijJAna bhI hai / yaha isake bhedoMke sAtha kaha diyA gayA hai| aba maya bhedoMke pAramArthika pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai| ____ jo pratyakSa kisI bhI indriyakI sahAyatA na lekara vastukA anubhava kara le vaha pAramArthika pratyakSa kahalAtA hai| yahI vAstavika pratyakSa kahane yogya hai / bAkI pratyakSa to lokayAtrAke lie svIkAra kiyA hai| yaha vikala pAramArthika pratyakSa aura sakala pAramArthika pratyakSake bhedase do prakArakA hotA hai| jo pratyakSa pUrvokta prakArase rUpI padArthoMkA hI anubhava kara sakatA ho vaha arUpI padArthoMke anubhavase hIna honeke kAraNa vikala paramArthika pratyakSa kahalAtA hai / jo tInoM kAloMmeM se kisI bhI kAlake rUpI arUpI pratyeka vastukA anubhava kara letA hai, vaha sakala pAramArthika pratyakSa hotA hai / isakA dUsarA nAma kevalajJAna bhI hai / isa jJAnavAle kevalI kahe jAte haiM / yahI jJAnakI carama sImA hai / yaha mukta puruSoMke sivA dUsaroMko nahIM ho sakatA / 81
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha avadhi aura manaHparyaya ina do bhedoMse vikala pAramArthika pratyakSa do prakArakA hotA hai| jo dravya, kSetra, kAla, aura bhAvakI apekSAse vinA indriyoMkI sahAyatAke rUpI padArthoM ko samaryAda jAne vaha avadhiko liye hue honeke kAraNa avadhi pAramArthika pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai anya jIvoMke mAnasika viSaya bane hue rUpI padArthoM ke pUrvokta prakArake anubhavako manaHparyaya vikala pAramArthika pratyakSa kahate haiN| isataraha yaha pAramArthika pratyakSa avadhi, manaHparyaya, tathA kevala ina tIna jJAnoMmeM samApta ho jAtA hai| jo kisI bhI rUpameM sAMvyavahArika pratyakSajJAnakI sahAyatAse ho vaha jJAna parokSajJAna kahA jAtA hai / vaha smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tarka anumAna aura prAgama ke bhedase pAMca prakArakA hotA hai| inake jo lakSaNa anya zAstroMne kiye haiM unase milate julate hI jaina zAstroMne bhI kiye haiN| isalie ve sabameM prasiddha haiN| ataeva anumAna Adike lakSaNa Adi yahAM denekI AvazyakatA pratIta nahIM hotii| yahI parokSa jJAna zrutajJAnake nAmase bhI vyavahRta hotA hai / isa prakAra pramANa mAnA huaA jJAna apane amita bhedoMko bhI sAtha lekara (1) mati (2) zruta (3) avadhi (4) manaHparyaya aura (5) kevala, ina pAMca jJAnoMke andara gatArtha ho jAtA hai / anya darzanoMne kisIko nitya aura kisIko anitya mAnA hai, para yaha darzana kahatA hai ki zrAdopamAvyomasamasvabhAva syAdvAdamudrAnati bhedi vstu| tannityamevaikamanityamanyad iti tvadAjJA dviSatAM pralApA // yaha bAta nahIM hai ki AkAza hI nitya ho, yaha aura dIpaka donoM hI ekase svabhAva vAle haiN| donoM hI kyoM ? koI bhI vastu usa svabhAvakA atikramaNa nahIM kara sakatI, kyoMki sabake mastakapara syAdvAda yAnI anekAnta svabhAvakI chApa lagI huI hai| jo kisIko nitya, punaH kisIko anitya kahate haiM ve akAraNa jaina zAstrake sAtha dveSa karate haiN| syAdvAda zabdameM syAt yaha anekAnta rUpa arthakA kahanevAlA avyaya hai ? ataeva syAdavAdakA artha anekAntavAda kahA jAtA hai| paraspara viruddha aneka dharma, apekSAse eka hI vastumeM pratIta hote haiM; jaise dravyatva rUpase nityatA tathA paryAyarUpase anityatA pratyeka vastumeM pratIta hotI hai| isIko anekAntavAda kahate haiM / ekAntase nitya, anitya Adi kucha bhI nahI hai kintu apekSAse saba haiN| koI koI vidvAn ise apekSAvAda bhI kahate haiN| yaha darzana pramANa aura nayase padArthakI siddhi mAnatA hai| pramANa to kaha cuke haiM aba nayakA bhI nirUpaNa karate haiN| ananta dharma vAlI vastuke kisI eka dharmakA anubhava karane vAle jJAnako naya kahate haiN| kyoMki vastukA mati, zrutajJAna honepara bhI usake samasta dharmoMkA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA / usake kisI eka aMzake anubhavakA nirUpaNa, nayase bhalI bhAMti ho jAtA hai| 82
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________________ jaina darzana dravya mAtrako grahaNa karane vAlA tathA guNa aura paryAyamAtrako grahaNa karanevAlA naya kramase dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika kahalAtA hai / naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra nayake bhedase tIna prakArakA dravyArthika hotA hai isI taraha RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta yaha cAra prakArakA paryAyArthika na hotA hai / vastukA pratyakSa karate samaya zrAropa tathA vikalpako naigama naya grahaNa karatA hai / ekake grahaNa meM tajAtIya sabakA grahaNa karanevAlA saMgraha naya hotA hai / pRthak pRthak vyavahArAnusAra grahaNa karanevAlA vyavahAra naya hai / vartamAna paryAyako grahaNa karanA RjusUtranayakA kArya hai / vyAkaraNasiddha prakRti, pratyaya, liMga Adi grahaNa karanevAleko zabdanaya kahate haiM | paryAyavAcaka zabdoMkI vyutpattike bheda se bhinna prathako grahaNa karanevAlekA nAma samabhirUr3ha naya hai / anvayArthaka saMjJAvAle vyaktikA usa kAmako karaneke kSaNa meM grahaNa karanevAlA evaMbhUta naya hai / jaba pramANa apane jJeya viSayoM ko jAnate hai taba ye naya unake aMga hokara jJAna prAptimeM sahAyatA pahuMcAte haiM / isalie tattvArtha sUtrakArane vastuke nirUpaNa meM eka hI sAtha inakA upayoga mAnA hai / nikSepa isI taraha vastuke samajhAneke lie nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva nikSepakA bhI upayoga hotA hai / anta meM yaha siddhAnta vyAkaraNa mahAbhASyakAra kI 'catuSTayI zabdAnAM pravRttiH se milatA julatA hai / sAdhAraNataH saMjJAko nAma' tathA jhUThI sAMcI zrAropaNAko sthApanA, evaM kAryakSamatAko dravya aura pratyupasthita kArya yA paryAyako bhAva kahate haiM / jaina taMtra vastu ke nirUpaNa meM itane upakaraNoM kI apekSA rakhanevAlA honeke kAraNa prathama kakSAke logoM ke lie duruha sA ho gayA hai| para isake mUla tattva samajhameM yA jAneke bAda koI kaThinatA nahIM mAlUma hotI / isI taraha kSetra, kAla aura svAmI zrAdikA jJAna bhI AsAna ho jAtA hai / lokakA svarUpa eka hajAra manakA lohekA golA indralokase nIce girakara chaha mAsa meM jitanI dUra pahuMce usa sampUrNa lambAIko eka rAjU kahate haiM / nRtya karate hue bhoMpAke samAna zrAkAra vAlA yaha brahmANDa sAta rAjU caur3A aura sAta rAjU moTA tathA caudaha rAju UMcA (lambA ) hai / anya darzanoMke samAna jaina darzana bhI svarga, naraka tathA indrAdi devatAoM ke jude jude loka mAnatA hai / jIvAtmAkA vistAra -- yaha darzana jIvAtmAko samasta zarIra vyApI mAnatA hai / choTe bar3e zarIroM meM dIpakake samAna jIvAtmA ke bhI saMkoca vikAsa hote rahate haiM / parantu mukta jIva antima zarIra se kucha kama hotA hai / 1. lekhaka mahodayane kisI granthake AdhAra se tIna bhAga kama likhA hai / 83
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jIvake bheda ___pRthivI, jala, vAyu, teja aura vanaspati zarIra vAle jIva sthAvara kahalAte haiN| inako sparzakA hI vizeSa rUpase bhAna hotA hai / zeSa sparzAdi dvi indriyoMse lekara pAMca indriya vAle manuSya, Adi trasa kahalAte haiM / kAraNa, inameM apanI rakSA karane kI ceSTA hotI hai| mukta jIva ___ saMvara aura nirjr|ke prabhAvase zrAsravakA bandhana chUTakara aAtma-pradezoMmeM se karmoM ke saMyogako tor3a kara nAza kara diyA jAtA hai| taba jIva apane Apa Urdhva gamana karatA hazrA mukta ho jAtA hai| phira usakA janma maraNa nahIM hotaa| ahiMsA paramo dharmaH isa darzanake anuyAyiyoMmeM ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha, aAdi sArvabhauma chaha vratoMkI upAsanA pradhAna rUpase hotI hai| saba dhoMke mUla ahiMsA vratakI upAsanA karaneke kAraNa inheM 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH'kA anuyAyI kahA jAtA hai / ___ yatra tatra Aye zrAcayoMke IrSA dveSa sUcaka akSaroMko pRthak karake darzanake mUla siddhAntoMpara vicAra kiyA jAya to ve siddhAnta vedase parivarddhita sanAtana hI pratIta hote haiM / kAraNa, bhagavAna vedavyAsake nyAsa bhASyase mUla jainadarzana, bilakula milatA julatA hai / rahI aApasake khaNDana maNDanakI bAta, so hara eka dArzanikako usameM pUrI svataMtratA rahI hai jaba vedAnta-brahmasUtrane apane barAbarake yoga zAstrake siddhAntoMke lie bhI kaha diyA hai ki 'etena yogaH pratyuktaH' isase yoga pratyukta kara diyA gayA, taba hama vedake vicAroMke atirikta dArzanika khaNDana maNDanapara dhyAna nahIM dete| usameM tattva hI DhUMDhate haiN| __ ahiMsAko mukhyatayA mAnane vAlA yaha darzana mahAvIra svAmIke nirvANa ke bAda bhI ahiMsAke mukhya siddhAntoMkA saMgrAhaka rahA isI kAraNa agrohAdhipa mahArAja agrasenajIkI santAnoMne apaneko isa dharmameM dIkSita kiyA thaa| prAyaH jaba kisI darzanakA anuyAyI samudAya adhika jana ho jAvegA tabahI usake jude jude maNDala khar3e hone laga jAyage / eka durbhikSake bAda jainoMmeM bhI zvetAmbara nAma se dUsarA sampradAya bana gyaa| . mahArAja agrasenakI jainasantAnoMne digambara pathakA anusaraNa kiyA, jo aba bhI jainasamudAyameM sarAvagI kaha kara pukAre jAte haiM / ve prAyaH vaidika saMskAra tathA ahiMsA vrata donoM hI kA pAlana karate haiM / inameM agravAloM kI saMkhyA adhika hai| sarAvagI loga vaidika vidhise hI upavIta dhAraNa karate haiN| digambara sampradAyameM pahile mUrti pUjAko na mAnanevAlA lagabhaga hajAra vyaktiyoMkA eka samudAya nikalA thA para usakI adhika vRddhi na ho sakI / kAla pAkara zvetAmbara sampradAya bhI 'saMvegI' aura 'bAIsa 1. saba sarAvagI agravAla jainI aisA karate haiM ; aisA nahIM hai|
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________________ jaina darzana TolA' ina do bhAgoMmeM baTa gayA / saMvegI loga adhika sUtra graMtha mAnA karate haiM para inameM se bAisaTolAne thor3ese ho sUtra graMthoMko pramANa mAnA hai / aAjase karIba do sau varSake pahile bAIsaTolAse nikalakara zrI bhIkhamadAsajI munine teraha paMtha nAmakA eka pantha claayaa| isameM sUtroMkI mAnyatA to bAIsaTolAke barAbara hai parantu svAmI dayAnandake satyArtha prakAzakI taraha inhoMne bhI bhrama vidhvaMsana aura anukampAkI DhAla banA rakhI hai| isa matane dayA dAnakA bar3A apavAda kiyA hai| jaina sAdhumeM sattAIsa guNa' rahane cAhiye / usakA aAhAra bhI seMtAlIsa doSoMse rahita honA cAhiye / maThadhArI yatiyoMko chor3akarake zeSa sarva jainasAdhutroMmeM kaSTa sahanekI adhika zakti pAyI jAtI hai / teraha paMtha tathA bAIsaTolAke sAdhu gaNa mukha para paTTI bAMdhate haiM / saMvegI sAdhu use hAtha hI meM rakhate haiM / bAkI sAdhuoMmeM isakA vyavahAra nahIM hai, zAstroMmeM inakA nAma zramaNa hai / anya sampradAyoMmeM sAdhAraNa loga yatiyoM ke sivA ina sAdhuoMko DhUMr3hiyA kahakara vyavahAra karate haiM / pahale to isakA adhikAMza pracAra yatiyoMne hI kiyA thaa| sampradAyoMkI pratidvandita ke sAtha kucha loga yaha bhI samajhane laga gaye haiM ki hamArA sanAtana dharma ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM haiM / katipaya sampradAyoMne to apanA rUpa bhI aisA hI banA liyA hai ki mAnoM inakA sanAtana dharmake sAtha kabhI koI sambandhI nahIM rahA thA / yaha bhole logoMkI nAsamajhI hI hai / jainadharmake parirakSakoMne jaisA padArthake sUkSma tattvakA vicAra kiyA hai use dekhakara aAjakala ke dArzanika bar3e vismayameM par3a jAte haiM, ve kahate haiM ki mahAvIra svAmI aAjakalake vijJAnake sabase pahile janmadAtA the / jainadharmakI samIkSA karate samaya kaI eka suyogya prAdhyApakoMne aisA hI kahA hai / zrI mahAvIra svAmI ne gosAla jaise viparIta vRttiyoMko bhI upadeza dekara hiMsAkA kAphI nivAraNa kiyaa| bhagavAna buddha deva va mahAvIra svAmIke upadeza usa samayakI pracalita bhASAoM meM hI huzrA karate the jisase saba loga saralatAse samajha liyA karate the| usa samayakI bhASAyoMke vyAkaraNa hemendra tathA prAkRtaprakAzake dekhanese patA calatA hai ki vaha bhASA apabhraMzake rUpako prApta huI saMskRta bhASA hI thI / usI ko dharmabhASA banA leneke kAraNa zrI buddha bhagavAna aura mahAvIra svAmIke siddhAnta pracalita to khUba hue para bhASAke sudhArakI ora dhyAna na jAneke kAraNa saMskRtiko sthiti aura adhika bigar3a gayo / jisase vedoMkI bhASAkA samajhanA nitAnta kaThina hokara vaidikoM kI cintAkA kAraNa bana gyaa| 1. guNoMkI yaha saMkhyA zvetAmbara sampradAyake anusAra hai / di0 sa0 ke anusAra sAdhuke 28 mUlaguNa haiN| isI taraha AhAra doSoMkI saMkhyA bhI 46 mAnI gayI hai|
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________________ jainadharma tathA jainadarzana zrI ambujAkSa sarakAra, ema. e., bI. ela. puNyabhUmi bhAratavarSa meM vaidika ( hindU ) bauddha aura jaina ina tIna pradhAna dharmoMkA abhyutthAna huA hai / yadyapi bauddhadharma bhAratake aneka sampradAyoM aura aneka prakArake AcAroM vyavahAroMmeM apanA prabhAva chor3a gayA hai, parantu vaha apanI janmabhUmise khader3a diyA gayA hai aura siMhala, brahmadeza, tibbata, cIna, zrAdi dezoMmeM vartamAna hai / isa samaya hamAre dezameM bauddhadharmake sambandhameM yatheSTa AlocanA hotI hai, parantu jaina dharmake viSayameM aba taka koI bhI ullekha yogya pAlocanA nahIM huii| jainadharmake sambandhameM hamArA jJAna bahuta hI parimita hai / skUloMmeM par3hAye jAne vAle itihAsoMke eka do pRSThoMmeM tI0 mahAvIra dvArA pracArita jaina dharmake sambandhameM jo atyanta saMkSipta vivaraNa rahatA hai, usako chor3akara hama kucha nahIM jAnate / jainadharma sambandhI vistRta aAlocanA karanekI logoMkI icchA bhI hotI hai, para abhI taka usake pUrNa honekA koI vizeSa subhItA nahIM hai| kAraNa do cAra granthoMko chor3akara jainadharma sambandhI aga Nita grantha abhI taka bhI aprakAzita haiM; bhinna bhinna maMdiroMke gupta bhaNDAroMmeM jaina grantha chipe hue haiM, isalie paThana yA AlocanA karaneke lie ve durlabha haiN| hamArI upekSA tathA ajJatA bauddha dharmake samAna jainadharmakI AlocanA kyoM nahIM huI ? isake aura bhI kaI kAraNa haiM / bauddha dharma pRthivIke eka tRtIyAMza vAsiyoMkA dharma hai, kintu bhAratake cAlIsa karor3a logoMmeM jainadharmAvalambI kevala lagabhaga bIsa lAkha haiM / isI kAraNa bauddhadharmake samAna jaina dharmake gurutvakA kisIko anubhava nahIM hotA / isake atirikta bhAratameM bauddha-prabhAva vizeSatAke sAtha parisphuTita hai| isalie bhAratake itihAsakI aAlocanAmeM bauddhadharmakA prasaGga svayaM hI aAkara upasthita ho jAtA hai / azokastambha, cInI yAtrI huyenasAMgakA bhAratabhramaNa, Adi jo prAcIna itihAsakI nirvivAda bAteM haiM unakA bahuta bar3A bhAga vauddhadharmake sAtha mila huaA hai bhAratake kIrtizAlI cakravartI rAjAroMne bauddhadharmako rAjadharmake rUpameM grahaNa kiyA thA, isalie kisI samaya himAlayase lekara kanyAkumArI takakI samasta bhAratabhUmi pIle kapar3evAloMse vyApta ho gayI thI / kintu bhAratIya itihAsameM jainadharmakA prabhAva kahAM taka vistRta huaA thA yaha aba taka bhI pUrNa rUpase mAluma nahIM hotA hai / bhAratake vividha sthAnoMmeM jaina kIrtike jo aneka dhvaMsAvazeSa aba bhI
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________________ jainadharma tathA jainadarzana vartamAna haiM unake sambandhameM acchI taraha anusandhAna karake aitihAsika tattvoMko khojanekI koI ullekha yogya ceSTA nahIM huI hai| hAM: kacha varSoM se ati sAdhAraNa ceSTA haI hai| maisUra rAjyake zravaNabelagolA nAmaka sthAnake candragiri parvatapara jo thor3ese zilAlekha prApta hue haiM, unase mAlUma hotA hai ki mauryavaMzake pratiSThAtA mahArAja candragupta jaina matAvalambI the| isa bAtako zrI vinsaMTa smithane apane bhAratake itihAsake tRtIya saMskaraNa ( 1914 ) meM likhA hai parantu isa viSayameM kucha logoMne zaMkA kI hai kintu aba adhikAMza mAnya vidvAna isa viSayameM ekamata ho gaye haiM / jaina zAstroMmeM likhA hai ki mahArAja candragupta (chaTTe ?) pAMcave zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke dvArA jaina dharmameM dIkSita kiye gaye the aura mahArAja azoka bhI pahale apane pitAmaha se grahIta jainadharmake anuyAyI the; para pIche unhoMne jaina dharmakA parityAga karake bauddhadharma grahaNa kara liyA thA / bhAratIya vicAroMpara jaina dharma aura jaina darzanane kyA prabhAva DAlA hai, isakA itihAsa likhaneke samagra upakaraNa aba bhI saMgraha nahIM kiye gaye haiM / para yaha bAta acchI taraha nizcita ho cukI hai ki jaina vidvAnoMne nyAyazAstrameM bahuta adhika unnati kI thii| unake aura bauddha naiyAyikoMke saMsarga aura saMgharSake kAraNa prAcIna nyAyakA kitanA hI aMza parivartita aura parivartita kiyA gayA aura navona nyAyake racanekI AvazyakatA huI thii| zAkaTAyana, aAdi vaiyAkaraNa, kundakunda, umAsvAmi, siddhasena, divAkara bhaTTAkalaGkadeva, Adi naiyAyika, TIkAkRtkularavi mallinAtha, koSakAra amarasiMha, abhidhAnakAra, pUjyapAda, hemacandra, tathA gaNitajJa mahAvIrAcArya, Adi vidvAna jainadharmAvalambI the / bhAratIya jJAna bhaNDAra ina sabakA bahuta RNI hai| __ "acchI taraha paricaya tathA AlocanA na honeke kAraNa aba bhI jainadharmake viSayameM logoMke taraha tarahake UTapaTAMga khayAla bane haiM / koI kahatA thA yaha bauddha dharmakA hI eka bheda hai| koI kahatA thA ki vaidika ( hindU ) dharmameM jo aneka sampradAya haiM, inhIMmeM se yaha bhI eka hai jise mahAvIra svAmIne pravartita kiyA thaa| koI, koI kahate the ki jaina Arya nahIM haiM, kyoMki ve nagnamUrtioMko pUjate haiN| jainadharma bhArata ke mUlanivAsiyoMke kisI eka dharma sampradAyakA kevala eka rUpAntara hai| isa taraha nAnA anabhijJatAoM ke kAraNa nAnA prakArakI kalpanAtroMse prasUta bhrAntiyAM phaila rahI thI, unakI nirAdhAratA aba dhIre dhIre prakaTa hotI jAtI hai| jainadharma bauddha dharmase ati prAcIna yaha acchI taraha pramANita ho cukA hai ki jainadharma bauddhadharmakI zAkhA nahIM hai mahAvIra svAmI jainadharmake sthApaka nahIM haiM, unhoMne kevala prAcIna dharmakA pracAra kiyA thaa| mahAvIra yA varddhamAnasvAmI buddhadevake samakAlIna the / buddhadevane buddhatva prApta karake dharmapracAra kAryakA vrata lekara jisa samaya dharmacakrakA pravartana kiyA thA, usa samaya mahAvIra svAmI eka sarva vizruta tathA mAnya dharmazikSaka the| bauddhoMke tripiTaka 87
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________________ varNI abhinandana-grantha nAmaka granthameM 'nAtaputta' nAmaka jisa nirgrantha dharmapracArakakA ullekha hai, vaha 'nAtaputta' hI mahAvIra svAmI haiM unhoMne jJAtR nAmaka kSatriyavaMzameM janma grahaNa kiyA thA, isalie ve jJAtRputra' (pAlI bhASAmeM jA[nA]taputta) kahalAte the / jaina matAnusAra mahAvIra svAmI caubIsaveM yA antima tIrthaMkara the| unake lagabhaga 200 barSa pahale teIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrIpArzvanAtha svAmI ho cuke the / aba taka isa viSayameM sandeha thA ki pArzvanAtha svAmI aitihAsika vyAkti the yA nahIM parantu DA0 harmana jaikovIne siddha kiyA hai ki pArzvanAthane IsA pUrva AThavIM zatAbdimeM jainadharmakA pracAra kiyA thA / pArzvanAthake pUrvavartI anya bAIsa tIrthakaroMke sambandhameM abataka koI aitihAsika pramANa nahIM milA hai| digambara mUla paramparA hai "tIrthika, nirgrantha aura nagna nAma bhI jainoMke lie vyavahRta hote haiM / yaha tosarA nAma jainoMke pradhAna aura prAcInatama digambara sampradAyake kAraNa par3A hai / megasthanIja inheM nagna dArzanika (Gymnosphists) ke nAmase ullekha karatA hai| grIsadezameM eka IliyATika nAmakA sampradAya huaA hai| vaha nitya, parivartanarahita eka advaita sattAmAtra svIkAra karake jagatake sAre parivartanoM, gatiyoM aura kriyAtroMkI saMbhAvanAko asvIkAra karatA hai / isa matakA pratidvandvI eka 'hirAkloTiyana' sampradAya huaA hai vaha vizvatattva (dravya) kI nityatA sampUrNa rUpase asvIkAra karatA hai| usake matase jagata sarvathA parivartanazIla hai| jagat srota niravAdha gatise baha rahA hai, eka kSaNabharake lie bhI koI vastu eka bhAvase sthita hokara nahIM raha sakatI / IliyATika-sampradAyake dvArA pracArita ukta nityavAda aura hirAklITiyana sampradAya dvArA pracArita parivartana-vAda pAzcAtya darzanoMmeM samaya samaya para aneka rUpoMmeM nAnA samasyAoMke AvaraNameM prakaTa hue haiM / ina do matoMke samanvayakI aneka bAra ceSTA bhI huI hai; parantu vaha saphala kabhI nahIM huI / vartamAna samayake prasiddha phrAMsIsI dArzanika bargasAna (Bergson) kA darzana hirAklITiyanake matakA hI rUpAntara hai| bhAratIya nitya-anityavAda vedAnta darzanameM bhI sadAse yaha dArzanika vivAda prakAzamAna ho rahA hai| vedAntake matase kevala nityazuddha-budgha-mukta satya svabhAva caitanya hI 'sat' hai, zeSa jo kucha hai vaha kevalanAma rUpakA vikAra 'mAyA prapaJca'-'asat' hai / zaGkarAcArya ne sat zabdakI jo vyAkhyA kI hai usake anusAra isa dikhalAyI denevAle jagataprapaJcakI koI bhI vastu sat nahIM ho sakatI / bhUta, bhaviSyat , vartamAna ina tInoM kAloMmeM jisa vastuke sambandhameM buddhiko bhrAnti nahIM hotI, vaha sat hai aura jisake sambandhameM vyabhicAra hotA hai 1. digambara sampradAyake granthoM meM mahAvIra svAmIke vaMzakA ullekha 'nAtha' nAmase milatA hai, jo nizcaya hI "zAtR" ke prAkRta rUpa 'NAta' kA hI rUpAntara hai| 88
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________________ jainadharma tathA jainadarzana vaha asat hai ' / jo vartamAna samayameM hai, vaha yadi anAdi atItake kisI samayameM nahIM thA aura ananta bhaviSyatke bhI kisI samayameM nahIM rahegA, to vaha sat nahIM ho sakatA-vaha asat hai| parivartanazIla asadvastuke sAtha vedAntakA koI samparka nahIM hai ! vedAnta darzana kevala advaita sadbrahmakA tattva dRSTise anusandhAna karatA hai / vedAntakI yahI prathama bAta hai 'athAto brahma jijJAsA' aura yahI antima bAta hai| kyoMki-"tasmin vijJAte sarvamidaM vijJAtaM bhavati / " "vedAntake samAna bauddhadarzanameM koI trikAla avyabhicArI nitya vastu nahIM mAnI gayI hai bauddha kSaNikavAdake matase "sarva kSaNaM kSaNaM?' / jagatsrota apratihatatayA abAdha gatise barAbara vaha rahA hai-kSaNabharake lie bhI koI vastu eka hI bhAvase eka hI avasthAmeM sthira hokara nahIM raha sakatI / parivartana hI jagatakA mUlamaMtra hai ! jo isa kSaNameM maujUda hai, vaha aAgAmI kSaNameM hI naSTa ho kara dUsarA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai / isa prakAra ananta maraNa aura ananta jIvanoMkI ananta krIr3AeM isa vizvake raMgamaMcapara lagAtAra huA karatI haiM / yahAM sthiti, sthairya, nityatA asaMbhava hai| jaina-anekAnta-- "syAdvAdI jainadarzana vedAnta aura bauddhamatakI aAMzika satyatAko svIkAra karake kahatA hai ki vizvatattva yA dravya nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI / vaha utpatti, dhruvatA aura vinAza ina tIna prakArakI paraspara viruddha avasthAtroMse se yukta hai / vedAnta darzanameM jisaprakAra 'svarUpa' aura 'taTastha' lakSaNa kahe gaye haiM usI prakAra jainadarzanameM pratyeka vastuko samajhAneke lie do tarahase nirdeza karanekI vyavasthA hai / eka ko kahate haiM 'nizcayanaya' aura dUsareko kahate haiM 'vyavahAra naya' / svarUpalakSaNakA jo artha hai, ThIka vahI artha nizcayanayakA hai / vaha vastuke nija bhAva yA svarUpako batalAtA hai / vyavahAranaya vedAntake taTastha lakSaNake anurUpa hai / usase vakSyamANa vastu kisI dUsarI-vastukI apekSAse varNita hotI hai / dravya nizcaya nayase dhruva hai kintu vyavahAranayase utpatti aura vinAzazIla hai, arthAt dravyake svarUpa yA svabhAvakI apekSA se dekhA jAya to vaha nitya sthAyI padArtha hai, kintu sAkSAt paridRzyamAna vyavahArika jagatakI apekSAse dekhA jAya to vaha anitya aura parivartanazIla hai| dravyake sambandhameM nityatA aura parivartana aAMzika yA apekSika bhAvase satya hai-para sarvathA ekAntika satya nahIM hai / vedAntane dravyakI nityatAke Upara hI dRSTi rakkhI hai aura bhItarakI vastukA sandhAna pAkara, bAharake parivartanamaya jagata prapaJcako tuccha kaha kara ur3A diyA hai; aura bauddha kSaNikavAdane bAharake parivartanakI pracuratAke prabhAvase rUpa-rasa-gandha-zabda-sparzAdikI vicitratAmeM hI mugdha hokara isa vahirvaicitryake kAraNabhUta, nitya-sUtra abhyantarako kho diyA hai| para syAdvAdI jainadarzanane bhItara aura bAhara, aAdhAra Adheya, dharma aura dharmI, kAraNa aura kArya, advaita aura vaividhya donoMko hI yathAsthAna svIkAra kara liyA hai| "1. "yadviSayA buddhirna vyabhicarati tatsat, yadviSayA buddhiya'bhicarati tadasat |"giitaa zAMkarabhASya 2-16 / 12 89
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha syAdvAdakI vyApakatA "isataraha syAdvAdane, viruddha vAdoMkI mImAMsA karake unake antaHsUtra rUpa ApekSika satyakA pratipAdana karake use pUrNatA pradAna kI hai / viliyama jemsa nAmake vidvAn dvArA pracArita Pragmtaism vAdake sAtha syAdvAdakI aneka aMzoMmeM tulanA ho sakatI hai / syAdvAdakA mUlasUtra jude, jude darzana zAstroMmeM jude jude rUpameM svIkRta huA hai| yahAM taka ki zaGkarAcArya ne pAramArthika-satyase vyavahArika satyako jisa kAraNa vizeSa rUpameM mAnA hai, vaha isa syAdvAdake mUlasUtrake sAtha abhinna hai| zrIzaMkarAcAryane paridRzyamAna yA dikhalAyI denevAle jagatakA astitva asvIkAra nahIM kiyA hai, unhoMne kevala isakI pAramArthika sattAko asvIkAra kiyA hai| bauddha vijJAnavAda evaM zUnyavAdake viruddha unhoMne jagatakI vyavahArika sattAko atyanta dRr3hatAke sAtha pramANita kiyA hai| samatala bhUmipara calate samaya eka tala, dvitala. tritala, Adi ucyatAke nAnA prakArake bheda hameM dikhalAyI dete haiM, kintu bahuta UMce zikharase nIce dekhanepara stkhNdd| mahala aura kuTiya meM kisI prakArakA bheda nahIM jAna pdd'taa| isI taraha brahmabuddhise dekhanepara jagata mAyAkA vikAsa, aindrajAlika rcn| arthAt anitya hai; kintu sAdhAraNa buddhi se dekhanepara jagatakI sattA svIkAra karanA hI par3atI hai / do prakArakA satya do vibhinna dRSTiyoMke kAraNase svayaM siddha hai ! vedAntasArameM mAyAko jo prasiddha 'saMjJA dI gayI hai, usase bhI isa prakArakI bhinna dRSTioMse samutpanna satyatAke bhinna rUpoMkI svIkRti iSTa hai / bauddha dRzyavAdameM zUnyakA jo vyatirekamukha lakSaNa kiyA hai, usameM bhI syAdvAdakI chAyA spaSTa pratIta hotI hai| asti, nAsti, asti-nAsti donoM, asti-nAsti donoM nahIM, ina cAra prakArakI bhAvanAoMke jo pare haiM, use zUnyatva kahate haiM / isaprakAra pUrvI aura pazvimI darzanoMke jude jude sthAnoMmeM syAdvAdakA mUla sUtra tattvajJAnake kAraNa rUpase svIkRta honepara bhI, tyAdvAdako svataMtra ucca dArzanika matake rUpameM prasiddha karanekA gaurava kevala jainadarzanako hI mila sakatA hai / jaina sRSTikrama-- ___jainadarzanake mUlatattva yA dravyake sambandhameM jo kucha kahA gayA hai usase hI mAlUma ho jAtA hai ki jainadarzana yaha svIkAra nahIM karatA ki sRSTi kisI vizeSa samayameM utpanna huI hai / eka aisA samaya thA jaba sRSTi nahIM thI, sarvatra zUnyatA thI, usa mahAzUnyake bhItara kevala sRSTikartA akelA virAjamAna thA aura UsI zUnyase kisI eka samayameM usane usa brahmANDako bnaayaa| isa prakArakA mata dArzanika dRSTi se atizaya bhramapUrNa hai / zUnyase ( asatse ) satkI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI / satkArya vAdiyoMke matase kevala satse hI satkI utpatti honA sambhava hai | satkAryavAdakA yaha mUlasUtra saMkSepameM bhagavadgItAmeM maujUda hai / sAMkhya aura vedAntake samAna jainadarzana bhI satkAryavAdI hai ! 1. "sadasadubhayAnubhaya-catuSkoTi vinirmuktaM zUnyatvam"--- 2. "nAsato vidyate bhAvo nAbhAvo vidyate sataH / "
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________________ jainadharma tathA jainadarzana "jainadarzanameM 'jIva' tattvakI jaisI vistRta zraAlocanA hai vaisI aura kisI darzanameM nahIM hai / "vedAnta darzanameM saMcita, kriyamANa aura prArabdha ina tIna prakArake karmoMkA varNana hai| jainadarzanameM inhIMko yathAkrama sattA, bandha aura udaya kahA hai / donoM darzanoMmeM inakA svarUpa bho ekasA hai / "sayoga kevalI aura ayoga kevalI avasthAke sAtha hamAre zAstroMkI jIvanmukti aura videhamuktikI tulanA ho sakatI hai / jude, jude guNatthAnoMke samAna mokSa prAptikI judI judI avasthAeM vaidika darzanoMmeM mAnI gayI haiM / yogavAviSThameM zubhecchA, vicAraNA, tanumAnasA, sattvApatti, saMsakti, padArthAbhAvanI aura nUryagAH ina sAta brahmavid bhUmiyoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai / "saMvara tattva aura 'pratimA' pAlana, jainadarzanakA cAritra mArga hai / isase eka UMce starakA naitika zrAdarza pratiSThApita kiyA gayA hai / saba prakArase Asakti rahita hokara karma karanA hI sAdhanAkI bhitti hai| Asaktike kAraNa hI karmabandha hotA hai; anAsakta hokara karma karanese usake dvArA karmabandha nahIM hogA / bhagavadbhItAmeM niSkAma karmakA jo anupama upadeza kiyA hai, jainazAstroMke caritra viSayaka granthoMmeM vaha chAyA vizadarUpameM dikhalAyI detI hai| "jainadharmane ahiMsA tattvako atyanta vistRta evaM vyApaka karake vyavahArika jIvanako paga, pagapara niyamita aura vaidhAnika karake eka upahAsAspada sImApara pahuMcA diyA hai, aisA katipaya logoMkA kathana hai / isa sambandhameM jitane vidhi-niSedha haiM una sabako pAlate hue calanA isa bIsavIM zatIke jaTila jIvanameM upayogI, sahaja aura saMbhava hai yA nahIM, yaha vicAraNIya hai / jainadharmameM ahiMsAko itanI pradhAnatA kyoM dI gayI hai ! yaha aitihAsikoM ko gaveSaNAke yogya viSaya hai / jainasiddhAntameM ahiMsA zabdakA artha vyApakase vyApakatara huaA hai| tathA, apekSAkRta arvAcIna granthoMmeM vaha rUpAntara bhAvase grahaNa kiyA gayA gItAke niSkAma-karma-upadezasA pratIta hotA hai / to bhI, pahale ahiMsA zabda sAdhAraNa pracalita arthameM hI vyavahRta hotA thA, isa viSayameM koI bhI sandeha nahIM hai / vaidika yugameM yajJa-kriyAmeM pazuhiMsA atyanta niSThura sImApara jA pahuMcI thii| isa krUra karmake virUddha usa samaya kitane hI ahiMsAvAdI sampradAyoMkA udaya huA thA, yaha bAta eka prakArase sunizcita hai / vedameM 'mA hiMsyAt sarva bhUtAni' yaha sAdhAraNa upadeza rahanepara bhI yajJa karmameM pazuhatyAkI aneka vizeSa vidhiyoMkA upadeza hone ke kAraNa yaha sAdhAraNa vidhi (vyavasthA) kevala vidhike rUpameMhI sImita ho gayI thI, pada padapara upekSita tathA ullaMghita honese usameM nihita kalyANakArI upadeza sadAke lie vismRtike garbha meM vilIna ho gayA thA aura antameM 'pazu yajJake lie hI banAye gaye haiM' yaha adbhuta mata pracalita ho gayA thaa| * isake phala svarUpa vaidika karmakANDa: balimeM mAre gaye pazoMke raktase lAla hokara samasta sAttvika bhAvakA virodhI * "yazArtha pazavaH sRSTAH svayameva svayaMbhuvA / atastavAM ghAtayiSyAmi tasmAdyaze vadho'vadhaH // " 91
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ho gayA thaa| jaina kahate haiM ki usa samaya yajJakI isa nRzaMsa pazuhatyAke viruddha jisa jisa matane virodhakA bIr3A uThAyA thA unameM jainadharma saba se Age thA / 'munayo vAtavasanAH" kahakara RgvedameM jina nagnamuniyoM kA ullekha hai, vidvAnoMkA kathana hai ki ve jaina digambara saMnyAsI hI haiM / "buddhadevako lakSyakarake jayadevane kahA hai 'nindasi yajJAvidherahaha zrutijAtaM sadaya hRdaya dizati pazughAtam ?' kintu yaha ahiMsAtattva jainadharmameM isaprakAra aMga-aMgI bhAvase saMmizrita hai ki jainadharmakI sattA bauddha dharmake bahuta pahalese siddha honeke kAraNa pazughAtAtmaka yajJa vidhike viruddha pahale pahale khar3e honekA zreya buddhadevakI apekSA jainadharmako hI adhika hai / vedavidhikI nindA karaneke kAraNa hamAre zAstroMmeM cArvAka, jaina aura bauddha pASaNDa 'yA anAstika' matake nAmase vikhyAta haiM / ina tInoM sampradAyoMkI jhUTI nindA karake jina zAstrakAroMne apanI sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatAkA paricaya diyA hai, unake itihAsakI paryAlocanA karanese mAlUma hogA ki jo grantha jitanA ho prAcIna hai, usameM bauddhoMkI apekSA jainoMko utanI ho adhika gAlI galauja kI hai| ahiMsAvAdI jainoMke zAnta nirIha zira para kisI kisI zAstrakArane to zloka para zloka grathita karake gAliyoMkI mUsalAdhAra barSA kI hai| udAharaNa ke taurapara viSNu purANako le lIjiye abhI takakI khojoMke anusAra viSNu purANa sAre purANoMse prAcInatama na honepara bhI atyaMta prAcIna hai| isake tRtIya bhAgake satrahaveM aura aThArahaveM adhyAya kevala jainoMkI nindAse pUrNa haiM / "nagnadarzanase zrAddhakArya bhraSTa ho jAtA hai, aura nagnake sAtha saMbhASaNa karanese usa dinakA puNya naSTa ho jAtA hai| zatadhanu nAmaka rAjAne eka nagna pASaNDase saMbhASaNa kiyA thA, isa kAraNa vaha kuttA, gIdar3a, bher3iyA, gIdha aura morakI . yoniyoM meM janma dhAraNa karake anta meM azvamedha yajJake jalase snAna karanepara muktilAbha kara skaa|" jainoMke prati vaidikoMke prabala vidveSakI nimnalikhita zlokoMse abhivyakti hotI hai "na paThet yAvanI bhASAM prANaiH kaNThagatairapi / hastinA pIDyamAno'pi na gaccheja namandiram / / " yadyapi jaina loga ananta muktAtmAoM (siddhoM ) kI upAsanA karate haiM, to bhI vAstavameM ve vyaktitva rahita pAramAtmya svarUpakI hI pUjA karate haiM / vyaktitva rahita honeke kAraNa ho jaina pUjA paddhatimeM vaiSNava aura zAktamatoMke samAna bhaktikI vicitra taraGgoMkI saMbhAvanA bahuta hI kama raha jAtI hai / bahuta loga yaha bhUla kara rahe the ki bauddhamata aura jainamatameM bhinnatA nahIM hai para donoM dharmoM meM kucha aMzoMmeM samAnatA honepara bhI asamAnatAkI kamI nahIM hai / samAnatAmeM pahalI bAta to yaha hai ki donoMmeM ahiMsA dharmakI atyanta pradhAnatA hai / dUsare jina, sugata, arhat, sarvajJa, tathAgata, buddha, Adi nAma bauddha 92
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________________ jainadharma tathA jainadarzana aura jaina donoM hI apane apane upAsya devoMke lie prayukta karate haiM / tIsare donoM hI dharmavAle buddhadeva yA tIrthakaroMkI ekahI prakArakI pASANa-pratimAeM banavA kara caityoM yA stUpoMmeM sthApita karate haiM aura unakI pUjA karate hai / stUpoM aura mUrtiyoMmeM itanI adhika sadRzatA hai ki kabhI kabhI kisI mUrti aura stUpakA yaha nirNaya karanA ki yaha jainamUrti hai yA bauddha, bizeSajJoMke lie kaThina ho jAtA hai| ina saba bAharI samAnatAoMke atirikta donoM dharmoMkI vizeSa mAnyatAtroMmeM bhI kahIM kahIM sadRzatA dikhatI hai, parantu una saba viSayoMmeM vaidika dharmake sAtha jaina aura bauddha donoMkA hI prAyaH aikamatya hai| isa prakAra bahuta sI samAnatAeM honepara bhI donoMmeM bahuta kucha virodha hai / pahalA virodha to yaha hai ki bauddha kSaNikavAdI hai; para jaina kSaNikavAdako ekAnta rUpameM svIkAra nahIM karatA / jaina dharma kahatA hai ki karma phala rUpa se pravartamAna janmAntaravAdake sAtha kSaNikavAdakA koI sAmaJjasya nahIM ho sktaa| kSaNikavAda mAnanese karmaphala mAnanA asaMbhava hai| jainadharmameM ahiMsA nItiko jitanI sUkSmatAse liyA hai utanI bauddhoMmeM nahIM hai| anya dvArA mAre hue jIvakA mAMsa khAnekI bauddhadharma manAyI nahIM karatA, usameM svayaM hatyA karanA hI manA hai| bauddha darzanake paJca skandhake samAna koI manovaijJAnika tattva bhI jainadarzanameM nahIM mAnA gayA / bauddha darzanameM jIvaparyAya apekSAkRta sImita hai, jainadarzanake samAna udAra aura vyApaka nahIM hai / vaidika dharmoM tathA jainadharmameM muktike mArgameM jisaprakAra uttarottara sIDhiyoMkI bAta hai, vaisI bauddha dharmameM nahIM hai / jaina gotra-varNa ke rUpameM jAti-vicAra mAnate haiM, para bauddha nahIM mAnate / "jaina aura bauddhako eka samajhanekA kAraNa jainamatakA bhalI bhAMti manana na karane ke sivAya aurakucha nahIM hai / prAcIna bhAratIya zAstroMmeM kahIM bhI donoMko eka samajhanekI bhUla nahIM kI gayI hai| vedAnta sUtrameM jude jude sthaloMpara jude jude hetuvAdase bauddha aura jainamatakA khaNDana kiyA hai| zaMkara digvijayameM likhA hai ki zaMkarAcAryane kAzImeM bauddhoMke sAtha aura ujayanImeM jainoMke sAtha zAstrArtha kiyA thA / yadi donoM mata eka hote, to unake sAtha do jude jude sthAnoMmeM do bAra zAstrArtha karanekI AvazyakatA nahIM thii| prabodhacandrodaya nATakameM bauddha bhikSu aura jaina digaMbarakI lar3AyIkA varNana hai| "vaidika ( hindU ) ke sAtha jainadharmakA aneka sthaloMmeM virodha hai; parantu virodhakI apekSA sAdRzya hI adhika hai / itane dinoMse kitane hI mukhya virodhoMkI aora dRSTi rakhaneke kAraNa vaira virodha baDhatA rahA aura logoMko eka dUsareko acchI tarahase dekha sakanekA avasara nahIM milA / prAcIna vaidika saba saha sakate the parantu veda parityAga unakI dRSTimeM aparAdha thA / ___ "vaidika dharmako iSTa janma-karmavAda jaina aura bauddha donoM hI dharmoMkA bhI merUdaNDa hai| donoM hI dharmoM meM isakA avikRta rUpase pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / jainoMne karmako eka prakArake paramANurUpa sUkSma padArtha ( kArmANa vargaNA ) ke rUpameM kalpanA karake, usameM kitanI hI sayuktika zreSTha dArzanika vizeSatAoMkI
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha sRSTi hI nahIM kI hai, kintu usameM karma-phalavAdakI mUla mAnyatAko pUrNarUpase surakSita rakhA hai| vaidika darzanakA duHkhavAda aura janma-maraNAtmaka duHkharUpa saMsAra sAgarase pAra honeke lie nivRttimArga athavA mokSAnveSaNayaha vaidika, jaina aura bauddha sabakA hI pradhAna sAdhya hai| nivRtti evaM tapake dvArA karmabandhakA kSaya honepara aAtmA karmabandhase mukta hokara svabhAvako prApta karegA aura apane nitya-abaddha-zuddha svabhAvake nissIma gauravase prakAzita hogA / usa samaya bhidyate hRdayagranthizchidyante sarva sNshyaaH| / kSIyante cAsya karmANi tasmin dRSTe parAvare // yaha spaSTa rUpase jaina aura vaidika zAstroMmeM ghoSita kiyA gayA hai| 'janma janmAntaroM meM kamAye hue karmoMko; vAsanAke vidhvaMsaka nivRttimArgake dvArA kSaya karake paramapada prAptikI sAdhanA vaidika, jaina aura bauddha tInoM hI dharmoM meM tara-tamake sAtha samAna rUpase upadezita kI gayI hai / dArzanika matavAdoMke vistAra aura sAdhanAkI kriyAtroMkI viziSTatAmeM bhinnatA ho sakatI hai, kintu uddezya aura gantavya sthala sabakA hI eka hai rUcInAM vaicitryAjukuTilanAnApathajuSAM nRNAmeko gamyastvamasi payasAmarNava iva / mahimnastotrakI sarva-dharma-samAnatvako karanemeM samartha yaha udAratA vaidika zAstroMmeM satata upadiSTa honepara bhI saMkIrNa sAmpradAyikatAse utpanna vidveSa buddhi prAcIna granthoMmeM jahAM tahAM prakaTa huI hai; kintu aAjakala hamane usa saMkIrNatAkI kSudra maryAdAkA atikrama karake yaha kahanA sIkhA hai yaM zaivAH samupAsate ziva iti brahmeti vedAntino baiddhA buddha iti pramANa paTavaH karttati naiyaayikaaH| arhannityatha jainazAsanaratAH karmeti mImAMsakAH so'yaM vo vidadhAtu vAMchita phalaM trailokyanAtho hariH / / "IsAkI AThavIM zatomeM isI prakArake mahAna udAra bhAvoMse anuprANita hokara jainAcArya mUrtimAna syAvAda bhaTTa akalaMka deva kaha gaye haiM "yo vizvaM veda vedyaM jananajalanidhe bhaginaH pAra dRzvA paurvAparyAviruddhaM vacanamanupamaM niSkalaGka yadIyam / taM vande sAdhuvandhaM sakala guNanidhiM dhvastadoSa dviSantaM buddhaM vA vardhamAnaM zatadalanilayaM kezavaM vA zivaM vA // "
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________________ jagatakI racanA aura usakA prabandha sva0 bAbU sUrajabhAnu, vakIla yaha jagat kisa taraha banA aura kisa taraha isakA yaha saba prabandha cala rahA hai, isa viSayameM logoMmeM bahuta hI jyAdA matabheda pAyA jAtA hai / sabhI apane matako 'prAptavacana' yA 'sarvajJavAkya' banA rahe haiM / isase isa viSayakA nirNaya zabda pramANake dvArA honA to bilakula hI asambhava pratIta hotA hai| ekamAtra anumAna pramANase hI nizcaya kiye jAnekA sahArA raha gayA hai / tarka yA anumAna arthAt buddhivicArase kisI viSayakI jAMca tathA khoja karanekA artha sivAya isake aura kucha bhI nahIM hotA hai ki saMsArameM jo kucha bhI ho rahA hai usase una kAryoM ke niyamoMko nizcaya kara leM aura phira unhIM niyamoMko apanI jAMcakI kasauTI banA leN| jaisA ki gehUMke bIjase sadA gehUM kA hI paudhA ugatA huA dekhakara hama yaha siddhAnta ThaharA leM ki gehUM ke bIjase to gehUMkA hI paudhA uga sakatA hai / gehUMke sivAya anya kisI bhI anAjakA paudhA nahIM uga sakatA / isa prakAra yaha siddhAnta nizcaya karake aura ise aTala niyama mAnakara bhaviSyameM bhI gehUM ke bIjase gehUMkA paudhA paidA ho jAnekI bAta ko sahI aura saccI ThaharAte raheM tathA gehUM ke bIjase cane yA maTarakA paudhA paidA ho jAnekI bAtako asatya mAnate raheM / isI prakAra strI-puruSa dvArA ho manuSyakI utpatti dekhakara pratyeka manuSyakA apane mAM-bApa dvArA paidA honA hI ThIka samajheM. isake viparIta kisI bhI bAtako satya na mAneM / isI prakArakI jAMca aura khojako bauddhika jAMca kahate haiM / anubhava dvArA khoje hue isI prakArake niyamoMse aApasameM logoMke matabhedakA nirNaya ho sakatA hai aura hotA hai / pradhAna mAnyatAeM yadyapi isa vicAraNIya viSayake sambandhameM isa duniyAMmeM saikar3oM prakArake mata cale A rahe haiM to bhI ve saba, moTe rUpase tIna bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita ho jAte haiM / (1) prathama matavAle to eka paramezvara yA brahmako hI anAdi ananta mAnate haiM / inameM se bhI koI to yaha kahate haiM ki usa IzvarameM brahmake sivAya anya kucha hai hI nahIM, yaha jo kucha bhI sRSTi dikhAyI de rahI hai vaha svapnake samAna eka prakArakA bhrama mAtra hai / kucha yaha kahate haiM ki bhramamAtra to nahIM hai, duniyAke saba padArtha sat rUpase vidyamAna to haiM 95
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha parantu ina sabhI cetana acetana padArthoMko usa paramezvarane hI nAstise asti rUpa kara diyA hai| pahale to eka paramezvarake sivAya anya kucha bhI nahIM thA; phira usane kisI samayameM avastuse hI ye saba vastueM banA dI haiM jaba vaha cAhegA taba ina saba padArthoM ko nAstirUpa kara degA aura taba sivAya usa Izvarake anya kucha bhI na raha jaaygaa| (2) dUsarI mAnyatA vAle yaha kahate haiM ki avastuse koI vastu bana nahIM sakatI vastuse hI vastu banA karatI haiN| isa kAraNa jIva ajIva ye donoM prakArakI vastueM jo saMsArameM dikhAyI detI haiM na to kisIke dvArA banAyI gayI haiM aura na banAyI hI jA sakatI haiN| jisa prakAra paramezvara sadAse hai aura sadA taka rahegA usI prakAra jIva ajIva rUpa vastueM bhI sadAse haiM aura sadA rheNgii| parantu ina jIva ajIva rUpa vastuoMkI aneka avasthAtroM-aneka rUpoMkA banAnA bigAr3anA usa paramezvarake hI hAthameM hai| (3) tIsare prakArake logoMkA yaha kahanA hai ki jIva aura ajIva ye donoM hI prakArako vastueM anAdise haiM aura ananta taka rheNgii| inakI avasthA aura rUpako badalanevAlI, saMsAracakrako calAnevAlI, koI tIsarI vastu nahIM hai / balki inhIM vastuoMke aApasameM Takkara khAnese inhIMke guNa aura svabhAvake dvArA saMsArakA yaha saba parivartana hotA rahatA hai-raMga-viraMge rUpa banate bigar3ate rahate haiM / sAmaJjasya isa prakAra, yadyapi, ina tInoM prakArake logoM ke siddhAntoMmeM dharatI aAkAzakA sA antara hai to bhI eka anivArya viSayameM ye sabhI sahamata haiM; arthAt ye tInoM hI kisI na kisI vastuko 'anAdi' avazya mAnate haiM / prathama varga kahatA hai ki paramezvarako kisIne nahIM banAyA, vaha to vinA banAye hI sadAse calA AtA hai aura apane anAdi svabhAvAnusAra hI isa sAre saMsArako calA rahA hai --- aneka prakArakI vastuoMko banA bigAr3a rahA hai / dUsarekA yaha kahanA hai ki paramezvarake samAna jIva aura ajIvako bhI kisIne nahIM banAyA, ve sadAse cale Ate haiM aura sadA taka raheMge / isI taraha tIsarA bhI kahatA hai ki jIva aura ajIva ko kisIne nahIM banAyA, kintu ye donoM prakArako vastueM vinA banAye hI sadAse calI AtI haiM / ina tInoM virodhI matavAloMmeM yaha vivAda to uTha hI nahIM sakatA ki vinA banAye sadAse bhI koI vastu ho sakatI hai yA nahIM, aura jaba yaha bAta bhI sabhI mAnate haiM ki vastumeM koI na koI guNa yA svabhAva bhI avazya hI hotA hai; arthAt vinA kisI prakArake guNa yA svabhAvake koI vastu ho hI nahIM sakatI hai, taba ye tInoM hI prakArake loga yaha bAta bhI jarUra mAnate haiM ki jo vastu anAdi hai usake guNa aura svabhAva bhI anAdi hI hote haiN| arthAt akele eka paramezvarako anAdi mAnanevAle to usa paramezvara ke guNa aura svabhAvako anAdi batAte haiM, jIva, ajIva aura paramezvarako anAdi mAnanevAle ina tInoM hI ke guNoMko anAdi kahate haiM, aura kevala jIva aura ajIvako hI anAdi mAnanevAle ina donoM hI ke guNoMko anAdi batAte haiM / ataH ina do bAtoMmeM to saMsArake sabhI matavAle sahamata haiM ki ( 1 ) saMsArameM koI vastu vinA banAye anAdi bhI huA karatI hai aura (2) 96
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________________ jagatakI racanA aura usakA prabandha usake guNa aura svabhAva bhI vinA banAye anAdi hote haiM / aba kevala itanI hI bAta nizcaya karanA bAkI raha jAtI hai ki kauna vastu to vinA banI huI anAdi hai aura kauna vastu banI huI arthAt sAdi hai| sRSTi niyama khoja karanepara saMsArameM to aisI koI bhI vastu nahIM milatI hai jo vinA kisI vastuke hI bana gayI ho, arthAt nAstise hI astirUpa ho gayI ho / aura na koI aisI hI vastu dekhI jAtI hai jo kisI samaya nAstirUpa ho jAtI ho / balki yahAM to vastuse hI vastu banatI dekhI jAtI hai; arthAt pratyeka vastu kisI na kisI rUpameM sadA hI banI rahatI hai / bhAvArtha, na to koI navIna vastu paidA hI hotI hai aura na koI vastu nAza hI hotI hai, balki jo vastueM pahalese calI AtI haiM unhIMkA rUpa badala badala kara navIna navIna vastueM dikhAyI detI rahatI haiM; jaisA ki sonA, rUpA, Adi dhAtuoMse hI aneka prakArake AbhUSaNa banAye jAte haiM / kyA kabhI inake vinA bhI AbhUSaNa banA sakate haiM ? sonA rUpA zrAdike vinA ye zrAbhUSaNa kadAcit bhI nahIM bana sakate haiM / garaja yaha ki eka sonA yA rUpA, Adi dhAtueM yadyapi bhinna bhinna prakArake rUpa dhAraNa karatI rahatI haiM parantu sabhI rUpoMmeM ve dhAtueM avazya vidyamAna rahatI haiN| : prakAra bIja, miTTI, pAnI, vAyu, Adi paramANuoMke saMghaTanase hI vRkSa banatA hai aura phira usa vRkSako jalA denese ve hI paramANu koyalA, dhuzrAM, rAkha, AdikA rUpa dhAraNa kara lete haiM aura phira bhaviSyameM bhI aneka rUpa dhAraNa karate rahate haiM / isa taraha jagatakA eka bhI paramANu kamatI bar3hatI nahIM hotaa| balki jo kucha bhI hotA hai vaha yahI hotA hai ki unakA rUpa aura avasthA badala, badala kara navIna, navIna vastueM banatoM aura bigar3atI rahatI haiN| aisI dazAmeM kisI samaya koI vastu vinA kisI vastuke hI bana gayI, arthAt nAstise astirUpa ho gayI nahIM kahA jA sakatA / tarka pramANa tathA buddhibalase kAma lene, aura duniyAke calate hue kArakhAnoMke niyamoMko TaTolaneke bAda to manuSya isI bAtake mAnanepara bAdhya hotA hai ki nAstise asti ho jAnA arthAt vinA vastuke vastu bana jAnA bilakula hI asambhava hai| isalie yaha bAta to spaSTa hI siddha hai ki saMsArakI vastueM nAstise astirUpa nahIM ho gayI hai kintu kisI na kisI rUpameM sadAse hI vidyamAna calI AtI haiM aura Ageko bhI kisI na kisI rUpameM sadA vidyamAna rheNgii| arthAt saMsArakI sabhI jIva, ajIva rUpa vastueM 'anAdi-ananta' haiM jinake aneka prakArake navIna navIna rUpa hote rahaneke dvArA hI yaha vicitra saMsAra cala rahA hai| vastuke guNa isa prakAra jIva aura ajIvarUpa saMsArakI sabhI vastuoMkI nityatA siddha ho jAnepara aba kevala yaha bAta nirNaya karaneke yogya raha jAtI hai ki saMsArake ye saba padArtha kisa prakArase navIna rUpa dhAraNa karate haiN| isa prakArakI zodhameM lagate hI sabase pahilI bAta yaha mAlUma hotI hai ki manuSya; 97
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha manuSyase hI paidA hotA anAdi kAlase calA AtA hai| pazu pakSiyoMke bAbata bhI jo apane mAM-bApase hI paidA hote dekhe jAte haiM, yaha mAnanA par3atA hai ki ve bho santAna anu santAna sadAse hI cale Ate haiM aura binA mAM-bApake paidA nahIM kiye jA sakate haiN| gehUM, canA, zrAdi paudhoMke bAbata bhI, jo apane paudheke bIja, jar3a, zAkhA, Adise hI paidA hote haiM, yaha mAnanA par3atA hai ki ve bhI santAnakramase sadAse hI cale Ate haiM, aura kisI samayameM ekAeka paidA hone zuru nahIM ho gaye haiN| isa taraha ina pazu, pakSI, vanaspati aura manuSyoMkA apane mAM-bApa yA bIja, Adike dvArA anAdi kAlase paidA hote hae calA aAnA mAnakara ina sabakI utpatti aura nivAsa sthAnake lie isa dharatIko bhI anAdi kAlase hI sthita honA mAnanA par3atA hai| unake svabhAva bhI anAdi aura ananta hI pAye jAte haiM / arthAt agnikA jo svabhAva jalAne, uSNatA pahuMcAne aura prakAza karanekA aba hai vaha usameM sadAse hI hai aura sadA hI rahe gA / inake ye guNa aura svabhAva aTala honeke kAraNa hI manuSya inake svabhAvoMkI khoja karatA hai aura phira khoje hue unake svabhAvoMke dvArA unase nAnA prakArake kAma letA hai| yadi vastuoMke ye guNa aura svabhAva aTala na hote, badalate rahA karate- to manuSyako kisI vastuke chUne aura usake pAsa jAne takakA bhI sAhasa na hotA; kyoM ki taba to yahI khaTakA banA rahatA ki na jAne zrAja isa vastukA kyA svabhAva ho gayA ho, aura isake chUnese na jAne kyA phala paidA ho / parantu saMsArameM to yahI dikhAyI de rahA hai ki vastukA jo svabhAva aAja haiM vahI kala thA aura vahI AgAmI kalako rahe gA / isI kAraNa vaha vastuoMke svabhAvake viSayameM apane aura apanese pahaleke logoMke anubhavapara pUrA bharosA karatA hai aura sabhI vastuoMke svabhAvako aTala mAnatA hai| isase sApha sApha yahI pariNAma nikalatA hai ki kisI vizeSa samayameM, koI, kisI vastumeM, koI khAsa guNa paidA nahIM kara sakatA hai, balki jabase vaha vastu hai tabhIse usameM usake guNa bhI haiN| aura yataH saMsArakI vastueM anAdi haiM isa kAraNa unake guNa bhI anAdi hI haiM-unako kisIne nahIM banAyA hai| isI prakAra yaha bhI mAlUma ho jAtA hai ki do yA adhika vastutroMko kisI vidhike sAtha milAnese jo navIna vastu isa samaya bana jAtI hai vaha isa prakArake milApase pahale bhI banatI thI aura vahI bhaviSyameM bhI banegI, jaisA ki nIlA aura pIlA raMga milanese jo harA raMga isa samaya banatA hai vahI sadA se banatA rahA hai aura sadA banatA rahe gA / aise hI kisI vastuke prabhAvase jo parivartana kisI dUsarI vastumeM ho jAtA hai vaha pahale bhI hotA thA aura vahI Age bhI ho gA / sArAMza yaha ki, saMsArakI vastuaoMke ApasameM athavA anya vastuoM para apanA prabhAva DAlane yA anya vastuoMse prabhAvita hone, Adike saba prakArake guNa aura svabhAva aise nahIM haiM jo badalate rahate hoM yA badala sakate hoM, balki jAMca aura khojake dvArA unake ye saba svabhAva aTala dikhAyI dete haiM-anAdi-ananta hI siddha hote haiN| isaprakAra, yaha bAta siddha ho jAtI hai ki vRkSase bIja aura bIjase vRkSakI utpattike samAna yA aNDese muragI aura muragIse aMDeke
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________________ jagatakI racanA aura usakA prabandha samAna saMsArake sabhI manuSya, aneka pakSu, pakSI aura vanaspatiyAM santAna-anu-santAna, anAdi kAlase hI cale Ate haiM, kisI samayameM inakA zrAdi (prArambha) nahIM ho sakatA / aura ina sabake anAdi honeke kAraNa isa pRthvIkA bhI anAdi honA jarUrI hai jisapara ve anAdi kAlase utpanna hote aura vAsa karate hue cale zrAveM / sAthahI, vastuoMke guNa, svabhAva aura ApasameM eka dUsare para prabhAva DAlane tathA eka dUsareke prabhAva ko grahaNa karanekI prakRti, Adi bhI anAdi kAlase hI calI AtI hai / arthAt duniyAmeM jo kucha bhI ho rahA hai vaha saba vastuoMke guNa aura svabhAva ke kAraNa hI ho rahA hai / saMsArakI ina saba vastuoMke sivAya na to koI bhinna prakArakI zakti hI isa prabandhameM koI kArya kara rahI hai aura na kisI bhinna zaktikI kisI prakAra kI koI jarUrata hI hai / jaisA ki samudrake pAnI para sUrajakI dhUpa par3anA, usa tApase prabhAvita ho (tapta ho) bhApa bananA hai / phira ThaNDa pAkara pAnIkA pAnI honA tathA barasanA, barase pAnIkA bhUmike viSama svabhAvake kAraNa bahanA, jo pAnImeM ghula sakate haiM unheM gholakara bahAnA, taira sakane yogya vastuoM tathA ghana padArthoM ko dhakkoMse kucha dUra taka le jAnA, apane mArgakI halakI halakI rukAvaToMko haTAnA, balavAn rukAvaToMse apanA mArga badalanA, gaDDhemeM bhara jAnA tathA samudra meM phira pahuMcanese spaSTa hai| dhUpa, havA, pAnI miTTI, Adike ina uparyukta svabhAvoMse duniyA bhara meM lAkhoM aura karor3oM hI parivartana ho jAte haiM, jinase phira navIna navIna lAkhoM karor3oM kAma hone laga jAte haiM aura bhI jina jina kAryoMpara dRSTi daur3Ate haiM una unapara isI prakAra 'vastu-svabhAvake' dvArA hI kArya hotA huA pAte haiM aura honA bhI cAhie aisA hI; kyoM ki jaba saMsArakI sArI vastueM tathA unake svabhAva sadAse haiM, jaba saMsArakI sArI vastueM ApasameM eka dUsare para apanA apanA prabhAva DAlatI haiM aura dUsarI vastuoMke prabhAvase prabhAvita hotI haiM taba to yaha bAta anivArya hI hai ki unameM sadAse hI barAbara khicar3I sI pakatI rahe aura saMsArako vastutroMke svabhAvAnusAra nAnA prakArake parivartana hote rheN| yahI saMsArakA sArA kArya-vyavahAra hai jo vastu svabhAvake dvArA apane Apa ho rahA hai aura na socanevAle puruSoMko cakita karake bhramameM DAla rahA hai| isaprakAra jina vastuoMse yaha duniyA banI huI hai ve sabhI jIva, ajIva tathA unake guNa zrIra svabhAva anAdi ananta haiM / unake ina anAdi svabhAvoMke dvArA hI jagatakA yaha saba kArya vyavahAra cala rahA hai| ina jIva ajIva padArthoM ke sivAya na to koI tIsarI vastu siddha hotI hai aura na usake honekI koI jarUrata hI mAlUma hotI hai / yadi vicArake vAste koI tIsarI vastu mAna bhI leM to usake viruddha AkSepoMkI esI jhar3I laga jAtI hai ki usako haTA kara aura vicAra kSetrameM khar3A rahanA hI asambhava ho jAtA hai| hAM, vicArake kSetrase dUra bhAga jAne para, pakSapAta aura andhavizvAsakI lAThIko cAroM tarapha ghumAkara kisI bhI hetu yA pramANako apane pAsa na phaTakane denekI avasthAmeM hama jo cAheM mAna sakate haiM; para aisI dazAmeM hamAre lie yaha bAta bhI jarUrI ho jAtI hai ki na apanI kaheM aura na kisIkI suneM
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha arthAt na to apane vizvAsako jhUThA batAnekA kisIko adhikAra deveM aura na svayaM kisIke vizvAsako satya ThaharAveM / vastu svabhAva hI nirNAyaka hai vicArane kI bAta hai ki jaba samudrake pAnIphI hI bhApa banakara usakA hI bAdala banatA hai taba yadi vastu svabhAvake sivAya koI anya zakti hI vRSTi barasAnekA prabandha karanevAlI hotI to vaha kadAcit bhI usa samudrapara pAnI na barasAtI jisake pAnIkI bhApa banakara hI yaha bAdala banA thA / parantu dekhane meM to yahI AtA hai ki bAdalako jahAM bhI itanI ThaNDa mila jAtI hai ki bhApakA pAnI bana jAve vahIM vaha barasa par3atA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha samudrapara bhI barasatA hai aura dharatIpara bhI vaha bAdala to isa bAtakI jarA bhI paravAha nahIM karatA ki mujhe kahAM barasanA cAhiye aura kahAM nahIM / isI kAraNa kabhI to yaha varSA samayapara ho jAtI hai aura kabhI kusamayapara hotI hai, balki kabhI kabhI to yahAM taka bhI hotA hai ki sArI phasala bhara acchI vRSTi hotI hai, aura khetI bhI uttama hotI hai kintu anta meM eka aAdha pAnIkI aisI kamI ho jAtI hai ki sArI barI karAyI khetI mArI jAtI hai / yadi vastu svabhAva ke sivAya koI dUsarA prabandha karanevAlA hotA taba to aisI andhAdhundhI kabhI bhI na hotI isa sthAnapara yadi vaha kahA jAye ki usakI to icchA hI yaha thI ki isa varSa isa kheta meM anAja paidA na ho yA kamatI paidA ho / parantu yadi yahI bAta hotI tatra to vaha sArI phasala bhara acchI taraha pAnI barasAkara usa khetIko itanI bar3I hI kyoM hone detA ? balki vaha to usa khetake kisAnako hI itanA sAhasa na karane detA jisase vaha usa kheta meM bIja bove | yadi kisAnapara usa prabandhakartAkA vaza nahIM cala sakatA thA aura bIja boye jAneko vaha nahIM roka sakatA thA to khetameM par3e hue bIjako hI na ugane detA / yadi bIjapara bhI usakA vaza nahIM thA to kamase kama vRSThikI eka bUMda bhI usa khetameM na par3ane detA jisase vaha bIja hI jala bhunakara naSTa ho jAtA / aura yadi saMsArake usa prabandhakartAkI yahI icchA hoto ki isa varSa anAja paidA hI na ho yA kamatI paidA ho, to vaha kevala unhIM khetoMko khuzka na karatA jo dRSTike Upara hI nirbhara haiM balki una khetoMko bhI jarUra khuzka karatA, jinameM nahara se pAnI AtA hai / parantu dekhane meM yahI zrAtA hai ki jisa varSa vRSTi nahIM hotI yA kamatI vRSTi hotI hai usa varSa una khetoMmeM to prAyaH kucha bhI paidA nahIM hotA jo daivamAtRka hI haiN| hAM, naharase pAnI AnevAle khetoM meM unhIM dinoM saba kucha paidA ho jAtA hai| isase yaha bAta pratyakSa siddha hai ki saMsArakA koI eka prabandhakartA nahIM hai; balki vastusvabhAvake kAraNa hI jaba bAdala barasanekA vAtAvaraNa ho jAtA hai taba pAnI barasa jAtA hai aura jaba vaisI paristhitiyAM nahIM juTatI taba vaha nahIM barasatA / varSAko isa bAtakI kucha bhI paravAha nahIM hai ki usake kAraNa koI khetI harI hogI yA sUkhegI aura saMsArake jIvoMkI hAni hogI yA lAbha evaM sukha / isIse kabhI kabhI aisI gar3abar3I bhI ho jAtI hai ki jahAM jarUrata nahIM hotI vahAM to mUsalAdhAra pAnI barasa jAtA hai aura jahAM jarUrata hotI 100
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________________ jagatakI racanA aura usakA prabandha hai vahAM eka bUMda bhI nahIM par3ane pAtI / kisI prabandhakartAke na honeke hI kAraNa to manuSya, kueM khodakara aura nahara, Adi nikAlakara, yaha prabandha kara sakA hai ki yadi daiva na barase to bhI vaha apane khetoMko pAnI dekara saba kucha anAja paidA kara le / isake sivAya jaba pratyeka dharma aura pathake kathanAnusAra saMsArameM isa samaya pApoMkI hI adhikatA ho rahI hai aura nitya hI bhArI bhArI nyAya dekhane meM Ate haiM, taba yaha kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ki jagatakA koI prabandhakartA bhI avazya hai, jisakI zrAjJA zroMko na mAnaneke kAraNa hI ye saba pApa aura : aparAdha ho rahe haiM / sambhava hai ki yahAM para koI bhAI aisA bhI kahane lage ki rAjAkI AjJA bhI to bhaMga hotI rahatI hai / unako yaha vicAranA cAhiye ki rAjA na to sarva kA jJAtA 'sarvajJa' hI hotA hai aura na sarva zaktimAn / isalie na to usako sarva prakAra ke aparAdhoM tathA aparAdha karanevAloMkA patA laga sakatA hai aura na vaha sarva prakAra ke aparAdhoM ko dUra hI kara sakatA hai / parantu jo sarvajJa ho, sarva zaktimAna ho, saMsAra bhara kA prabandha karanevAlA ho aura eka choTese paramANu se lekara dharatI AkAza taka kI gati -sthiti kA kAraNa ho, usake sambandha meM yaha bAta kabhI bhI nahIM kahI jA sakatI, ki, vaha aisA prabandha nahIM kara sakatA, jisase koI bhI usakI AjJAko bhaMga na kara sake aura sArA kArya usakI icchAnusAra hI hotA rahe / eka ora to saMsArake eka eka karaNa (aNu) kA use prabandhakartA batAnA aura dUsarI ora aparAdhoM ke rokane meM use asamartha ThaharAnA, yaha to vAstava meM usa prabandhakakA makhaula hI ur3AnA hai; balki yoM kahanA cAhie ki isa taraha to asala meM usakA na honA hI siddha hotA hai / Izvara kalpanA -- duHkha hai manuSyoM vastu svabhAvako na jAnakara vinA kisI hetuke hI saMsArakA eka prabandhakarttA mAna liyA hai / pRthvIpara rAjA ko manuSyoM ke bIca meM prabandha sambandhI kArya karatA huA dekhakara sAre saMsAra ke prabandhakartAko bhI vaisA hI kama zaktivAlA samajha liyA hai aura jisa prakAra rAjA loga khuzAmada tathA stuti se prasanna hokara khuzAmada karanevAloMke vazameM A jAte haiM aura unakI icchA anusAra hI ulaTe sIdhe kArya karane laga jAte haiM usI prakAra duniyAke logoMne saMsArake prabandhakarttA ko bhI khuzAmada tathA stuti se vaza meM | jAne vAlA mAnakara usakI bhI khuzAmada karanI zurU kara dI hai aura ve apane caraNako sudhAranA chor3a baiThe haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki saMsAra meM aise aise mahAn pApa phaila rahe haiM jo kisI prakAra bhI dUra hone meM nahIM Ate / jaba saMsArake manuSya isa kacce khyAlako hRdayase dUra karake vastu svabhAvake aTala siddhAntako mAnane laga jAveMge taba hI unake diloMmeM yaha vicAra jar3a pakar3a sakatA hai ki jisa prakAra A~khoMmeM mirica jhoMka denese yA ghAvapara namaka chor3a denese dardakA ho jAnA anivArya hai aura vaha kaSTa kisI prakAra kI khuzAmada yA stuti ke karanese dUra nahIM ho sakatA, usa hI prakAra jaisA hamArA zrAcaraNa 101
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hogA usakA phala bhI hamako avazya hI bhugatanA par3egA, vaha kevala cATukAritA yA stutise TAlA na TalegA jaisA bIja vaisA vRkSa aura jaisI karanI vaisI bharanIke siddhAntapara pUrNa vizvAsa ho jAne para hI yaha manuSya bure kRtyoMse baca jAtA hai aura bhale kRtyoMkI tarapha jhuka sakatA hai / parantu usake viruddha , jabataka manuSyakA yaha vicAra banA rahegA ki khuzAmada karane, stutiyAM par3hane yA bheTa car3hAne, aAdike dvArA bhI mere aparAdha kSamA ho sakate haiM tabataka vaha bure kRtya karanese baca nahIM sakatA aura na vaha zubha aAcaraNoMko tarapha laga sakatA hai / ataH loga kAraNa-kArya ke aTala siddhAntako mAnakara vastu svabhAvapara pUrA pUrA vizvAsa lAveM, apane bhale bure kRtyoMkA phala bhugataneke vAste pUrI taurase taiyAra raheM aura unakA phala Tala jAnA bilkula hI asambhava samajheM / aisA mAna lenepara hI manuSyoMko apane Upara pUrA bharosA hogA ve apane pairoMke bala khar3e hokara apane AcaraNoMko ThIka banAne ke lie kamara bAMdha sakeMge aura taba hI duniyAMse ye saba pApa aura anyAya dUra ho sakeMge / nahIM to kisI prabandhakartA ke mAnanekI avasthAmeM, aneka prakArake bhrama hRdayameM utpanna hote raheMge aura duniyAke loga pApa karanekI tarapha hI jhukeNge| eka to yaha socane laga jAyagA ki yadi usa prabandhakartAko mujhase pApa karAnA maMjUra na hotA to vaha mere manameM pApa karane kA vicAra hI kyoM Ane detA, dUsarA vicAregA ki yadi vaha mujhase isa prakArake pApa nahIM karAnA cAhatA to vaha mujhe aisA banAtA kyoM, jisase mere manameM isa prakArake pApa karanekI icchA paidA hove, tIsarA kahegA ki yadi vaha pApoMko na karAnA cAhatA to pApoMko paidA hI kyoM karatA, cauthA socegA kucha hI ho aba to yaha pApa kara leM phira saMsArake prabandhakartAko khuzAmada karake aura najara bheMTa car3hAkara kSamA karA leMge, garaja yaha ki saMsArakA prabandhakartA mAnaneko avasthAmeM to logoMko pApa karane ke lie saikar3oM bahAne banAne kA avasara milatA hai parantu vastu svabhAvake dvArA hI saMsArakA saMpUrNa kArya vyavahAra calatA huA mAnanekI avasthAmeM sivAya isake aura koI vicAra hI nahIM uTha sakatA ki jaisA kareMge usakA phala bhI hama svayaM vaisA hI avazya bhugateM ge / aisA mAnanepara hI hama bure aAcaraNoMse baca sakate hai aura acche AcaraNoMkI tarapha laga sakate haiM / yadi koI prabandhakartA hotA to kyA aisA hI andhera rahatA jaisA ki aba ho rahA hai / arthAt kisIko bhI isa bAtakI khabara nahIM ki hamako isa samaya jo kucha bhI sukha dukha mila rahA hai vaha hamAre kaunase kRtyoMkA phala hai / prabandhakartA honekI hAlatameM hameM vaha bAta prakaTa rUpase avazya hI batalAyI jAtI, jisase hama bhaviSyameM bure kRtyoMse bacate aura bhale kRtyoMkI tarapha bar3hate, parantu aba yaha mAlUma honA to dUra rahA ki hamako kauna kauna duHkha kisa kisa kRtyake kAraNa mila rahA hai, yaha bhI mAlUma nahIM hai ki pApa kyA hotA hai aura puNya kyA / isIse duniyAmeM yahAM taka aMdhera chAyA huA hai ki eka hI kRtyako koI pApa mAnatA hai aura koI puNya athavA dharma / aura yahI vajaha hai ki saMsArameM saikar3oM prakArake mata phaile hue haiM / bar3e tamAzekI bAta to yaha hai ki saba hI apane apane matako usI sarvazaktimAna prabandhakartAkA 102
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________________ jagatakI racanA aura usakA prabandha pracAra kiyA huaA batalAte haiM / kintu aisA aMdhera to mAmUlI rAjAoMke rAjyameM bhI nahIM hotA / pratyeka rAjAke rAjyameM jisa prakArakA kAnUna cAlU hotA hai usake viruddha yadi koI manuSya niyama calAnA cAhe to vaha rAjavidrohI samajhA jAtA hai aura daNDa pAtA hai, parantu sarvazaktimAn paramezvarake rAjyameM dinadahAr3e saikar3oM hI matoMke pracAraka apane apane dharmoMkA upadeza karate haiM, apane apane siddhAntoMko usI eka paramezrakI zrAjJA batAkara usake hI anusAra calanekI ghoSaNA karate haiM, aura yaha saba kucha hote hue bhI usa paramezvara yA saMsArake prabandhakartAkI taraphase kucha bhI roka-Toka, isa viSayameM nahIM hotii| aise bhArI aMdherakI avasthAmeM to kadAcit bhI yaha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki koI mahAzaktisaMpanna prabandhakartA isa saMsArakA prabandha kara rahA hai, balki aisI dazAmeM to yahI mAnane ke lie vivaza honA par3atA hai ki vattusvabhAvapara hI saMsArakA sArA DhAMcA baMdha rahA hai aura usIke anusAra jagatakA yaha saba prabandha cala rahA hai / yahI vajaha hai ki yadi koI manuSya vastusvabhAvako ulaTA pulaTA samajhakara galatI karatA hai yA dUsaroMko bahakAkara galatImeM DAlatA hai to saMsArakI ye saba vastueM usako manA karane athavA rokane na jAtI aura na apane apane svabhAvake anusAra apanA phala denese hI kabhI cUkatI haiN| jaise aAgameM cAhe to koI nAdAna baccA apane Apa hAtha DAla deve aura cAhe kisI buddhimAna-puruSakA hAtha bhUlase par3a jAve, parantu vaha bhAga usa baccekI nAdAnIkA aura buddhimAnake anajAnapanekA kucha bhI khyAla nahIM karegI, balki apane svabhAvake anusAra una donoMke hAthoMko jalAnekA kArya avazya kara ddaalegii| manuSyake zarIrameM saikar3oM bImAriyAM aimI hotI haiM jo usake vinA jAne bUjhe doSoMkA hI phala hotI haiM, parantu prakRti yA vastusvabhAva use yaha nahIM batAtA ki tere amuka doSake kAraNa tujhako yaha bImArI huI hai| isI taraha hamAre aAtmIya doSoMkA phala bhI hamako vastusvabhAvake anusAra hI milatA hai aura vastusvabhAva hamako yaha nahIM batalAtA hai ki hamako hamAre kisa rahasyakA kauna phala milA, parantu phala pratyeka kRtyakA milatA avazya hai| upasaMhAra-- isa prakAra vastusvabhAvake siddhAntAnusAra to yaha bAta ThIka baiTha jAtI hai ki sukha duHkha bhugatate samaya kyoM hamako hamAre una kRtyoMkI khabara nahIM hotI, jinake phalarUpa hamako vaha sukha duHkha bhugatanA par3atA hai / parantu kisI prabandhakartAko mAnane kI hAlatameM yaha bAta kabhI ThIka nahIM baiThatI, balki ulaTA bar3A bhArI andhera hI dRSTigocara hone lagatA hai / yadi hama yaha mAnate haiM ki jo baccA kisI cora, DAkU 'vezyA' aAdi pApiyoMke ghara paidA kiyA gayA hai vaha apane bhale bure kRtyoMke phalasvarUpa hI aise sthAnameM paidA kiyA gayA hai to prabandhakartA paramezvara mAnanekI avasthAmeM yaha bAta bhI ThIka nahIM baiThatI, kyoMki zarAbI yadi zarAba pIkara aura pAgala banakara phira bhI zarAbakI dukAnapara jAtA hai aura pahalese bhI jyAdA teja zarAba mAMgatA hai / vastutvabhAvake anusAra to yaha bAta ThIka baiTha jAtI hai ki 103
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________________ dharNI-abhinandana-grantha zarAbane usake dimAgako aisA kharAba kara diyA hai, jisase aba usako pahalese bhI jyAdA teja zarAba pIne kI icchA utpanna ho gayI hai / jagatake prabandhakartA ke dvArA hI phala milane kI avasthAmeM to zarAba pInekA yahI daNDa milanA cAhiye thA ki vaha kisI aisI jagaha paTaka diyA jAya jahAMse vaha zarAbakI dukAna taka hI na pahuMca sake aura aisA duHkha pAve ki phira kabhI zarAbakA nAma taka bhI nahIM leve isI taraha vyabhicAra tathA corI zrAdikI bhI aisI hI sajA milanI cAhiye thI, jisase vaha kadApi vyabhicAra tathA corI na karane paataa| jo jIva coroM tathA vaizyAzroke yahAM paidA kiye jAte haiM unako aisI jagaha paidA karanA to corI aura vyabhicArakI zikSA dilAnekI hI koziza karanA hai| saMsArake prabandhakartA ke bAbata to aisA kabhI bhI khyAla nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki usIne aisA prabandha kiyA ho arthAt, vahI pApiyoM aura aparAdhiyoMko coroM tathA vyabhicAriyoMke ghara paidA karake corI aura vyabhicArakI zikSA dilAnA cAhatA ho| aisI bAteM dekhakara to lAcAra yahI mAnanA par3atA hai ki saMsArakA koI bhI buddhimAna prabandhakartA nahIM hai balki vastutvabhAvake dvArA aura usIke anusAra hI jagatakA yaha saba prabandha cala rahA hai, ata: kisI prabandhakartAkI khuzAmada karake yA bheMTa car3hAkara usako rAjI kara leneke bharose na rahakara hamako svayaM apane AcaraNoMko sudhAranekI hI ora dRSTi rakhanI cAhiye aura zraddhAna bAMdhe rakhanA cAhiye ki jagata anAdi nidhana hai aura usakA koI eka buddhimAna prabandhakartA nahIM hai| 104
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________________ mAnavajIvanameM jainAcArakI upayogitA zrI paM0 jaganmohanalAla jaina siddhantazAstrI prakRta viSayako jAnaneke pUrva yaha atyanta Avazyaka hai ki hama mAnava samAjakI pUrvApara sthitiko jAna leM tathA aAcArakI AvazyakatA manuSyako kaba utpanna huI ? aura jaina mAnyatAke anusAra usakA mUlAdhAra kyA hai ? isakI bhI vivecanA kareM / ___ jaina mAnyatA yaha hai ki yaha jagat anAdi kAlase hai aura anantakAla taka rahe gA / parivartanazIla hote hue bhI na isakA koI eka niyantA hai aura na vinAzakartA hai / sarga sthiti-pralaya yaha vastumAtra kA svabhAva hai / eka paramANu bhI isa niyamakA apavAda rUpa nahIM hai| prati samaya jagat tathA usake pratyeka aMzakA parivartana anivArya hai / koI zakti yA koI vyakti isa svAbhAvika pravRttiko roka nahIM sakatA / jagatakI sthitike sAtha mAnava samAjakI sthiti hai| anya jIvadhAriyoMkI apekSA manuSya buddhi-vaibhavazAlI honese zreSTha prANI mAnA gayA hai / mAnA bhI jAnA cAhiye, kyoM ki jJAna (caitanya ) hI to jIvakA mUla svabhAva hai, vahI usakA dhana hai| jo prANI adhika se adhika jJAna rakhatA hai use zreSTha kahalAnekA adhikAra hai / mAnava samAjako hama Aja jisa rUpameM dekha rahe haiM vaha sadAse aisA thA yaha bAta nahIM hai / kabhI unnatikA aura kabhI avanatikA samaya aAtA rahatA hai ise jaina zAstroM meM kramazaH 'utsarpiNo' kAla aura 'avasarpiNo' kAla kahA hai / kAla kramase jaba unnati carama somApara pahuMca jAtI hai taba avanatikA kAla prArambha ho jAtA hai, aura jaba avanati carama sImApara pahuMca jAtI hai taba unnatikA kAla prArambha ho jAtA hai / hiMDoleko pAlakIko taraha utsarpiNIse avasarpiNI aura avasarpiNI se utsarpiNo kAlakA parivartana sadAse, hotA AyA hai aura sadA hotA jaaygaa| pratyeka kAla do bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita hai cAhe vaha unnati kAla ho yA avanati kAla, eka bhAga "bhoga bhUmi" kahalAtA hai, ora dUsarA bhAga "krmbhuumi'| vartamAna kAla jise aAjakA saMsAra unnatikA kAla kahatA hai jaina mAnyatAke anusAra "avasarpiNI kAla" hai / avasarpiNI kAlakA prArambha kA hissA 'bhogabhUmi' thA aura vartamAnakA kAlAMza 'karmabhUmi' kA hai| isa kAlake prArambhameM mAnava samAjakI kyA sthiti thI ! aura usakA vikAsa kaise huA ina praznoMpara prakAza DAlanA Avazyaka hai / 105 14
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha prAcIna-yuga isa yugakA prAraMbha bhogabhUmise hai / usa samaya na kevala mAnava jIvanakI kintu sabhI prANiyoMkI sthiti bhoga pradhAna thI / pUrvopArjita karmaphala svarUpa prakRtti dvArA datta padArthoM kA bhoga hI unake lie paryApta thA, unheM kArya karanekI AvazyakatA nahIM pratIta hotI thI / isa dRSTi se saMsAra usa samaya bahuta sukhI thA / usa samaya manuSya samAja aAjake rUpa meM nahIM thA / na koI rAjA thA, na koI prajA / na koI dhanavAn thA, na nirdhana, na koI vidvAn thA, na koI mUrkha / na koI balavAna thA, na nirbala / na koI sundara thA, na asundara / viSamatA na thii| sabhI santoSI, samajhadAra, sundara, svastha aura svataMtra the / koI kisIkI svatantratA meM bAdhA denekI bAta socatA bhI na thaa| vahAM na kala the, na kArakhAne, na phaikTariyAM / eka dezase dUsare pradezake lie mAlakA AnA jAnA, zrAdi bhI nahIM hotA thaa| na unakI koI sabhA thI, na koI saMgha / kisI bhI prakArake aAMdolana kiye jAnekA vahAM prasaGga hI nahIM thaa| vahAM na sAmyavAda thA, na koI anyavAda, saba samAna vicAra, samAna prAcAra tathA samAna vyavahArake vyakti the / sAmya thA, para 'sAmya-vAda' na thA, 'vAda' kI AvazyakatA unheM kabhI nahIM huI / ve dhArmika yA sAmpradAyika vicAra ke vyakti na the, aura na adhArmika the / unakA jo kucha vartana ( jIvana pravAha ) thA na vaha tyAga aura vrata rUpa thA, aura na pApa pravRtti rUpa thaa| ve na mokSasAdhana karate the, aura na naraka jAne yogya karmasaJcaya karate the / __ prakRtike sthAna vanapradeza, nadI-nada,pulina-taTa, Adi hI unake vihAra sthala the / prakRtikA paryavekSaNa karanA, usakI hI carcA karanA, unakA eka mAtra dainika kRtya thA / kahIM bhI narama ghAsa dekhakara prakRtikI godameM so jAte the / vastrAkAra vRkSa-patroM va chAloMse zarIrako Dhaka lete the / vizeSa AvazyakatAse kabhI vRkSake sundara avayavoMse gharasA banA lete aura utane hI parama santoSa dhAraNa kara Anandita rahate the| isa prakArakI sundara vyavasthA kiso eka dezameM hI na thI balki samasta mAnava samudAyako thii| usa samaya saba ekadeza thA, videza kahoM na thaa| prAkRtika lakSaNoMseho deza vibhAjana thA para manuSyake anadhikRta adhikAra sthApanake dvArA kahIM bhI deza vibhAjana na thA / santAna krama-- parivartana yA parivardhanakI paddhati bhI vahAM vicitra thii| mAtA-pitA apane jIvana meM ekabAra ho santAnako janma dete the / unake jIvana ke antima samaya meM hI santAna hotI thI, aura vaha santAna akelI nahIM "naranArI" ke yugala rUpameM hotI thI / ve aAjakalako paddhatike samAna bhAI bahina nahIM mAne jAte the / usa samaya bhAI-bahina-mAtA-pitA-mAmA bhAnajA-sAlA-vahinoI-phUphA-phutrA, Adi koI riztA nahIM hotA thA
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________________ mAnavajIvanameM jainAcArakI upayogitA riztA thA to kevala eka, nara-aura nArIkA, aura vaha bhI janmajAta / saMtAna utpanna hote hI mAtA pitA svargastha ho jAte aura vaha bAlaka-bAlikA yA yugala vinA mAtAke stana-pAnake kevala apane hAtha yA pairakA aMgUThA cUsate cUsate hI bAlyakAla samApta kara yuvAvasthA sampanna ho jAte the / na use pAlaka hI jarUrata hotI na aura koI use pAlane kI cintA karatA thA / yuvA honepara donoM pati patnIke rUpameM rahane lagate the / taba vaivAhika paddhati nahIM thii| isa taraha usa yugameM na sAmAjika jIvana thA aura na sAmAjika samasyAeM hI thiiN| saba sukha pUrvaka jIvana yApana karate the| isIse isa yugako bhoga bhUmi kahate the / bhoga-bhUmise karma-bhUmi kAlako gati vicitra hai / usakA cakra sadA ghUmatA rahatA hai| vaha kisoko bhI sthira nahIM rahane detaa| ukta bhoga bhUmikA krama bho dhIre dhIre badalane lgaa| manuSyako icchAeM bar3hane lagIM / usameM saJcayazIlatAke bhAva Ane lage / prakRti bho apano asaMkhya anupama vibhUtimeM nyUnatA karane lgii| manuSyakI udAratAke sAtha hI sAtha prakRtikI udAratA bhI ghaTane lgo| aba vRkSoMse utane padArtha nahIM mila pAte the jo manuSyakI saJcayazIlatAkI vRttikA nirvAha karate hue bhI jana sAdhAraNako AvazyakatA kI bhI pUrti kara sake / phalataH parasparameM jhagar3e hone lage / taba kramazaH caudaha 'kulakara' yA 'manu' paidA hue / samaya samayapara utpanna huI samasyAoMkA nirAkaraNa karake ye mahApuruSa janatAkA mArgapradarzana karate the ataH kulakara kahe jAte haiN| __ jaba vRkSoMko lekara jhagar3A hone lagA to pAMcave kulakarane vRkSoMkI sImA nirdhArita kara dii| java sImApara bhI jhagar3A hone lagA to chaThe kulakarane sImAke sthAnapara cinha banAnA prArambha kiyA / taba taka pazuaoMse kAma lenA koI nahIM jAnatA thA aura na usakI AvazyakatA hI pratIta thii| kintu aba aAvazyaka honepara sAtaveM kulakarane ghor3e vagairahapara car3hanA sikhaayaa| pahale mAtA-pitA santAnako janma dekara mara jAte the kintu jaba aisA honA banda ho gayA to Ageke kulakaroMne janatAko baccoMke lAlana pAlana AdikI zikSA dii| pahale idhara udhara jAnekA kAma na honese koI nadI pAra karanA nahIM jAnatA thA / ataH bArahaveM kulakarane pula, nAva, aAdike dvArA nadI pAra karanA sikhAyA / pahale koI aparAdha hI nahIM karatA thA, ataH daNDanAyaka aura daNDavyavasthAkI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM thii| kintu jaba manuSyoMmeM saJcaya vRtti aura lAlacane apanA sthAna jamA liyA aura unakI AvazyakatA pUrtimeM bAdhA par3ane lagI to manuSyoMmeM aparAdha karanekI pravRtti bhI zurU ho gayI / ataH daNDanAyaka aura daNDavyavasthAkI AvazyakatA huI / pahale kevala 'hA' kaha denese hI aparAdhI lajjita ho jAtA thA / jaba usase kAma nahIM calA to 'hA' ! aba aisA kAma mata krn|' itanA daNDa rakhA gyaa| kintu jaba usase bhI kAma nahIM calA to usameM 'dhikkAra' zabda aura jor3A gyaa| 107
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha zrI RSabhadeva-- caudahaveM kulakarakA nAma nAbhirAya thA / inake samayameM utpanna hone vAle baccoMkA nAbhinAla atyanta lambA hone lagA to unhoMne isako kATanA btlaayaa| isI lie inakA nAma nAbhi pdd'aa| nAbhirAyake ghara meM zrI RSabhadevakA janma huzrA / yahI RSabha deva isa yugameM jainadharmake Adya pravartaka hue / inake samayameM hI grAma, nagara, AdikI suvyavasthA huii| inhoMne hI laukika zAstra aura lokavyavahArakI zikSA dI, aura inhoMne hI usa dharmakI zikSA logoMko dI jisakA mUla ahiMsA hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke samayameM prajAke sAmane jIvanakI samasyA vikaTa ho gayI thii| kyoMki jina vRkSoMse loga apanA nirvAha karate the ve lupta ho cuke the / aura jo nayI vanaspatiyAM pRthvIpara ugI thIM unakA upayoga karanA nahIM jAnate the| taba unhoMne unheM svayaM uge hue ikSu-daNDoMse rasa nikAlakara khAnA sikhaayaa| tathA prajAko kRSi, asi, maSI, zilpa, vANijya aura vidyA ina SaTakarmoMse bhAjIvikA karane kI zikSA dI / tathA sAmAjika vyavasthAko calAneke lie unhoMne tIna varNa sthApita kiye / prajA pAlana va svadeza rakSA karanevAlA eka varga, kRSi, Adi udyoga dhandhe karanevAlA dUsarA varga, tathA sevA kArya karanevAlA tIsarA varga / aura unake nAma kramazaH kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra rakkhA / jainAcAra ___ prajA sukha aura zAntise rahe isake lie unhoMne ahiMsA dharmakA upadeza diyaa| unhoMne batAyA ki dUsaroMko sukhI dekhakara sukhI honA aura duHkhI dekhakara dukhI honA hI pArasparika premakA ekamAtra sAdhana hai / pratyeka manuSyakA yaha kartavya hai ki vaha kisI bhI manuSya, pazu yA pakSI yahAM taka ki choTese choTe jantu, kITa, pataMga, Adiko bhI na satAve / pratyeka jIva sukha cAhatA hai / aura usakA upAya yahI hai ki vaha svayaM apane prayatnase dUsaroMko dukhI na kare / yadi pratyeka jana jo svayaM sukhI honA cAhatA hai dUsaroMko dukhI na kare, yadi pratyeka jana jo svayaM sukhI honA cAhatA hai dUsaroMko bhI sukhI banAnekA prayatna kare to sahaja hI sampUrNa janatA sukhI ho jAya / ataH pArasparika ahiMsaka vyavahAra hI sukhakA ekamAtra sAdhana hai / usako sthAyI banAye rakhaneke lie usake cAra upasAdhana haiM / pahalA yaha ki kisIko dhokhA na diyA jAya, jisase jo kahA ho use pUrA kiyA jAya / aise vacana na bole jAya jisase dUsaroMko mArmika pIr3A pahuMce / dUsarA yaha ki pratyeka manuSya apane parizramase upArjita vastu para hI apanA adhikAra mAne / dUsaroM ke parizrama para nirvAha karanevAlA prajAke lie ghAtaka hotA hai| yadyapi vyavasAyo vyakti bhI samAjake lie upayogI haiM kintu utpAdaka aura parizrama zIla prajAkA bhAga har3apa lenevAle vyavasAyI nahIM haiM, ghAtaka jantu haiM / aise vyavasAyiyoMkA garoha prajAkI sukha zAntike lie vAMchanIya nahIM hai / ataH nyAya viruddha dravyakA grahaNa karanA azAnti, du:kha aura kalahakA bIja hai / tIsarA yaha ki strI-puruSako bhogoMmeM Asakta nahIM honA cAhiye / 108
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________________ mAnavajIvana meM jainAcArakI upayogitA bhogoM meM zrAsaka vyakti janasamudAya ke lie eka bhayaMkara jantu hai| vaha na kevala apane svAsthyakI hI hAni karatA hai, balki bhAvI santAnako bhI nirbala banAtA hai / tathA isa taraha samAjameM durAcAra aura durbalatAko phailAnekA pApa karatA hai / ataH pratyeka strIko apane pati ke sAtha aura pratyeka puruSako apanI hI patnIke sAtha saMyamita jIvana bitAnA cAhiye / cauthA yaha ki saMcaya vRttiko niyamita karanA cAhiye; kyoMki AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha karane se manuSya kI tRSNA hI bar3hatI hai tathA samAja meM asaMtoSa phailatA hai / yadi vastuoM kA anucita rIti se saMgraha na kiyA jAya to prANiyoMko jIvana nirvAhake sAdhanoM kI kamI nahIM par3a sakatI / ataH jo zruti saMgraha karatA hai vaha janatA ko jAnabUjhakara kaSTa detA hai / isa taraha ahiMsAko vyAvahArika rUpa deneke lie satya, caurya, brahmacarya aura parigraha - parimANakA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai / usake vinA hiMsAkA DhoMga racanA vyartha hai tathA hiMsAko jIvanameM utAre vinA sukha zAntikI cAha karanA vyartha hai| pratyeka prANIkA yahI AcAra dharma batalAyA thA jo zrAja jainAcAra kahA jAtA hai / bhagavAna RSabhadevane jainAcAra kA mUlAdhAra -- jainAcAra kA mUlAdhAra ahiMsA hai / satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha hiMsA ke hI -- vibhinna rUpa haiM / yathArtha bAta na kahane se, dUsare vyaktiko bhithyA-parijJAna hone se hAni kI saMbhAvanA hai tathA apane citta meM bhI kaluSatA utpanna ho jAtI hai| ataH savacana hiMsAkA utpAdaka honese hiMsA hI hai / isI taraha para dhanakA apaharaNa apane va parake cittameM kaluSatA utpanna karaneke kAraNa hiMsA hai / yadi vaha mAlikakI rAjIse le liyA jAtA hai to usameM hiMsA nahIM hai / parastrI gamana bhI tIvra rAgakA kAraNa honese hiMsA hai / kyoM ki rAgAdi pariNAma hiMsA svarUpa haiM / isI taraha parigrahakA zruti saMcaya dUsare manuSyoMko garIba banAtA hai / unakI roTI chInakara unheM dukhI karatA hai isalie vaha bhI hiMsA hI hai / sArAMza yaha hai -- jina kAmoMse dUsaroMko saMkleza hotA hai aura apane guNoMkI hAni hotI hai ve sampUrNa kArya hiMsA haiM / hiMsAkA rUpa aura usakA tyAga- hiMsA do prakArakI hai - eba rakSaNAtmaka aura dUsarI AkramaNAtmaka / jo hiMsA AtmarakSA ke lie anivArya ho vaha rakSaNAtmaka hai / udAharaNa ke lie koI gRhastha vyApAra, udyoga aura kRSi, Adi AjIvikA ke sAdhanoM ke vinA nahIM raha sakatA hai| bhale hI vaha hiMsaka vyApAroMko chor3a de to bhI vyApAra meM parokSa hiMsA avazya hotI hai| gRhastha isa zrArambha-janita hiMsAkA tyAga nahIM kara sakatA phira bhI vaha AkramaNAtmaka hiMsA ke dvArA kisIkA dhana nIti pUrvaka nahIM chInatA / kisIko satAtA nahIM aura na kisIke guNoMkA ghAta karatA hai / 109
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha dUsarI yuddha janita hiMsA hai, jo apanI, apane kuTumbakI, apane dharma tathA dezakI rakSAke lie karanI par3atI hai| koI bhI jainAcArakA pAlaka pratyakSa yA parokSarUpase hiMsA karanA nahIM cAhatA / vaha kisIko mArane ke irAdese nahIM mAratA, phira bhI vaha anyAyakA pratIkAra to karatA hai| ukta sthitimeM yadi yuddha anivArya ho jAtA hai to vaha usase vimukha nahIM hotaa| kyoMki gRhastha honeke nAte usapara aneka uttaradAyitva haiM / dharmake nAma para hiMsA bhAratavarSameM dharmake nAma para devI devatAoMke sAmane balidAnake rUpameM hiMsA hotI hai / aneka managaDhanta vAkya racakara isa hiMsAkI puSTi kI jAtI hai aura use dharma kahA jAtA hai / jainAcArameM yaha hiMsA saba hiMsAtroMse adhika niMdya hai| kyoMki isa hiMsAke dvArA kevala prANIkA ghAta hI nahIM hotaa| balki dharma ke nAmapara janatAko pathabhRSTa kiyA jAtA hai / ataH yaha hiMsA sarva prathama tyAjya hai| jainAcArake do rUpa-- jainAcArake do rUpa haiM--eka gRhasthAcAra aura dUsarA sAdhukA zrAcAra / hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithuna aura parigraha ye saba pApoMke mUla haiM / jo inase pUre tarahase bace hue haiM, ve muni yA sAdhu kahalAte haiM / vipattiyoMkA pahAr3a TUTa par3anepara bhI ve hiMsA yA koI anya pApa nahIM karate / ve paripUrNa brahmacArI tathA tilamAtra bhI parigraha apane pAsa nahIM rakhate / ve sadA isa bAtakA dhyAna rakhate haiM ki hamAre kisI kAryase choTe se choTe kITa, pataGgako bhI kaSTa na phuNce| ye jIva mAtrapara sama bhAva rakhate haiM / unakI dRSTimeM sabhI jIvadhArI samAna haiM / ve sabakA kalyANa cAhate haiM / unakA sArA samaya jJAna, dhyAna aura tapameM hI bItatA hai| ve kabhI bhI apane aparAdhoMkI upekSA nahIM karate / yadi unase koI aparAdha bana par3atA hai, to usakA ve prAyazcitta lete haiM / jana kalyANakI bhAvanAse ve sadA deza dezAntaroMmeM vicarate rahate haiM aura gRhasthoMko sumArga batAte haiM / isa prakAra laukika aura pAralaukika hita-sAdhanameM jaina munizroMkA bar3A hAtha hai| gRhasthAcAra-- pahale batAyA jA cukA hai ki jaina gRhastha aAkramaNAtmaka hiMsA nahIM karatA kintu vaha rakSAtmaka hiMsAkA tyAga nahIM karatA / ataH vaha ahiMsA-aNuvratakA pAlaka hai| zeSa vratoMkA bhI vaha eka dezase hI pAlana karatA hai / kyoMki sampUrNa rUpase pAlana karanA gRhasthAvasthAmeM saMbhava nahIM hai / vaha hita aura mita vacana bolatA hai / anaitika DhaMgapara parAye dhanako gRhaNa nahIM krtaa| apanI vivAhitA patnI taka hI apanI bhoga-lAlasA sImita rakhatA hai tathA utane hI dhanakA saMcaya rakhatA hai jitanA use apane kauTumbikanirvAhake lie Avazyaka hotA hai / ye pAMca gRhasthake aNu-vrata haiM / Ina pAMca aNuvratoMko pUrNa karanekI dRSTise gRhasthake sAta vrata aura bhI haiN| 110
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________________ mAnavajIvana meM jainAcArakI upayogitA tIna guNavata- gRhastha apane vyAvasAyika kSetrakI maryAdA nizcita kara letA hai| ise 'divrata' kahate haiM / yaha maryAdA jIvana bhara ke lie hotI hai| usake bhItara bhI kucha samayake lie jo usa maryAdAko sImita kiyA jAtA hai yaha dUsarA 'dezavrata' kahalAtA hai tathA isa niyamita kSetrake bhItara bhI vaha vyartha ke kAma nahIM karatA yaha tIsarA 'anartha- daNDavrata' kahalAtA hai| ina tIna vratoMke pAlanese gRhasthakI lobha vRtti ghaTatI hai / usakA jIvana niyamita aura saMyamita banatA hai / isIse ina vratoMko guNatrata kahate haiN| kyoMki unake pAlane se gRhastha meM guNoMkI vRddhi hotI hai / zikSAvrata pratyeka gRhasthakA antima lakSya sva-para-kalyANa hai / isI uddezyase vaha pratidina tInoM saMdhyAoM ko kucha samaya ke lie ekAnta meM jAkara apane svarUpakA vicAra karatA hai| zrAtmA kyA hai, maiM kauna hUM, merA kyA dharma hai, ityAdi bAtoMko vaha vicAratA hai / ise 'sAmAyika' kahate haiM / saptAha meM kevala eka bAra niyamita dinapara vaha upavAsa karatA hai aura bhojanakA tyAga karake sampUrNa vyavasAyoMse chuTTI lekara ekAnta sthAnameM dharmArAdhanA karatA hai / isase use bar3A lAbha hotA hai, ise 'proSadhopavAsa' kahate haiM / tIsarA zikSAvrata 'bhogopabhoga - parimANa' hai, isake anusAra gRhastha apane samasta bhogoMko pratidina kAma karatA jAtA hai / kisI bhI vastukA zrAvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha nahIM karatA / 1 cauthA zikSAvrata dAna hai / isa zikSAvrata ke do aMga haiM - dUsaroMke hitake lie dhanakA tyAga tathA sevA / donoMmeM hI svArtha tyAgakara udAratA se vartanekI zikSA milatI hai / isakA dUsarA nAma ' vaiyAvRtya' bhI hai / isa taraha jaina gRhasthako alpasaMgrahI, mitavyayI aura nirlobhI banAnekA vizeSa dhyAna rakkhA gayA hai / kyoMki usake lie parigraha tyAga, anartha daNDa tyAga, bhogopabhoga parimANa tathA dAna isa taraha cAra vrata rakkhe gaye hai / itane niyamoMke rahate hue bhI dhanikakI tRSNA itanI balavatI hai ki gRhastha parigrahakA saMcaya kara hI letA / isIse saMcita dhanako ghaTAneke liye dAna nAmakA zikSAtrata kahA gayA hai / jo saMcita dhanako dUsaroMke hita ke liye tyAga detA hai usakI bhAvanA kama UMcI nahIM hotI / aisI udAra vRtti vAle vyakti hI dIna-dukhI prANiyoMkI sevAke lie eka dina apanA saba kucha tyAga dete / isa taraha mAnava jIvanameM sadAcArakA bahuta mahattva hai aura jainAcAra manuSyakI pAzavika vRttiyoM kA niyamana karake manuSyako udAra aura lokasevaka banAtA hai / 111
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha cAra bhAvanAeM ukta niyamoMke sivAya jainAcArameM kucha aisI bhAvanAoMkA samAveza kiyA gayA hai. jinakA paripAlana manuSyako bahuta unnata banAtA hai / una bhAvanAoMmeM cAra mukhya haiM / pahalI 'sarva-sattva-samabhAva' / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki manuSya prANimAtrako apane barAbara samajhe / jina kAmoMke karanese use svayaM duHkha hotA ho unakA prayoga dUsare prANiyoM para na kre| apane hI samAna dUsaroM ko bhI UMcA uThAnekA prayatna kare / usakA yaha vizvAsa honA cAhiye ki pratyeka jIva ananta guNoMkA bhaMDAra hai| vaha paramAtmA bana sakatA hai. phira hInatA kaisI ? isa bhAvanAke anusAra gRhasthako pratyeka prANise mitrakI taraha vyavahAra karanA Avazyaka hai| dUsarI hai 'pramoda bhAvanA', isakA taha tAtparya hai ki gRhastha guNIkA aAdara karatA hai| use dekhakara usakA hRdaya vikasita ho uThatA hai / jo guNI janoMkA aAdara karatA hai vaha guNoMke vistAra karanemeM sahAyaka hotA hai / isalie guNavAnkA aAdara karanA cAhiye / ___ tIsarI bhAvanA hai dayA, kisI bhI prANIko dukhI aura pIDita dekhakara dayAkA bhAva avazya paidA honA cAhiye / kyoMki dayAlutAke vinA manuSyameM svArtha tyAgakI bhAvanA nahIM A pAtI / aura svArthatyAgake vinA dUsareke duHkhoMko dUra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / jo vyakti dUsaroMko sukhI banAtA hai, saMsAra usakA svayaM mitra bana jAtA hai / ataH dukhI janoMkA duHkha meTanekI bhI bhAvanA Avazyaka hai| ___ saMsAra meM eka cauthe prakArake bhI prANI hote haiM jinheM durjana kahate haiM / durjana akAraNa hI virodha kara baiThate haiM aura hitakI bAta kahane para bhI sanmArgakI ora nahIM lagate balki ulTe asanmArgakI ora hI jAte haiM / sad gRhastha aise vyaktiyoMse bhI ghRNA yA dveSa nahIM karatA / jahAM taka usakA prayatna calatA hai, vaha unako sudhAranekI hI ceSTA karatA hai aura apane prayatnameM asaphala honepara bhI kheda khina nahIM hotA / vaha sadA isa bAtakA prayatna karatA hai ki viruddha mArga para calanevAloMke prati bhI mere manameM roSa utpanna na ho| usakI yaha bhI bhAvanA rahatI hai ki saMsArase vaira aura virodhako jitanA bhI miTAyA jA sake miTA diyA jaay| jainAcArakA pradhAna lakSya ___ isa taraha prANimAtrameM dayA, kSamA, pavitratA, saralatA, namratA, udAratA, sahiSNutA, paraduHkha kAtaratA, sevA parAyaNatA, Adi sadguNoMko utpanna karanA jainAcArakA pradhAna lakSya hai| mAnava caritrameM jitanI ujjvalatA tathA pavitratA Avazyaka hai,jainAcArameM usako lAnekA hI prayatna kiyA gayA hai| jainAcArake uparyukta saMkSipta paricayase sahaja hI yaha samajhameM A sakatA hai ki mAnava jIvanameM jainAcArakA 112
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________________ mAnavajIvana meM jainAcArakI upayogitA kitanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / eka prAthamika jaina gRhastha zarAba, mAMsa, junA, corI, vezyA, parastrI, Adi pApoMkA tyAgI hotA hai / ye aise pApa haiM jinase samAja aura deza rasAtalako jA sakatA hai| sacamuca meM vaha eka svarNayuga thA jaba jainAcArakA yathArtha pAlana karanevAle sajjana bhArata meM rahate the / usa samaya prajAmeM sukha, zAnti aura santoSa thA / kalaha, IrSyA aura daMbhakA nAma bhI nahIM thA / yadi zrAja bhI vizvake nAgarika jainAcArako apane jIvana meM utAra sakeM to saMsAra sukha aura zAntikA yAgAra bana sakatA hai aura isa saMgharSa yugakA anta ho sakatA hai / 15 113
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________________ anantakI mAnyatA rAya bahAdura prA. e. cakravartI ema. e. . Adhunika dArzanikoMkI Apatti - dArzanika vidvAnoMne apane dArzanika nirNayoMko samajhAne ke lie anantake viSaya meM gaNita ke zabdoM kA upayoga kiyA hai| paramenaDIz2a aura jInUse lekara kANTa tathA bargasana taka ke dArzanikoMne samajhA hai ki ananta zabda meM Atma-virodha bharA huA hai| isa kalpanA ke AdhArapara unhoMne siddha kiyA hai ki AkAza tathA kAla sva-virodhI haiM / darzana zAstra ke vidyArthI kANTakI una viruddha bAtoM (Antimolies ) se suparicita haiM jinheM usane sva-virodhI batAyA hai / unakI zrApattikA mukhya AdhAra yaha hai ki zrAkAzameM pradeza nahIM ho sakate aura kAlameM kSaNa ( Moments ) nahIM ho sakate / yadi kAlameM kSaNa pAye jAveM to thor3e se maryAdita kAlameM gaNita kSaNoMkI saMkhyA hogI aura taba yahI bAta sva-virodhI bana uThegI / sarvatra aisA samajhakara dArzanikoMne zrAkAza aura kAlako a yathArtha mAnakara parityAga kara diyA aura isa prakAra apanI kevala AdarzavAdI ( Idealistic Systems ) vicAra-praNAlIkA nirmANa kiyA hai / ananta kA virodha -- kANTa ( Kant ) isa Adhibhautika nirNayapara pahuMce haiM ki bhautika vastu-saMyukta bahirjagata meM jo AkAza hai vaha yathArtha aura vAstavika hai / isa nirNaya kA AdhAra yahI vicAra hai ki anaMta viSayaka gaNita zAstrakA vicAra sva-virodhako prakaTa karatA hai, isalie vaha asambhava hai / kucha varSa hue bI. rasala (B, Russel ) tathA hvAiTaheDa ( White head ) sadRza gaNitajJoMne spaSTarUpase batalAyA hai| ki vibhAjana ke sambandha meM aisI kalpanA anucita aura prasiddha hai / unhoMne adhika spaSTa kiyA hai ki anaMtakI kalpanA yA usakA bhAva sva-virodhI nahIM hai aura yaha mAnyatA sAnta aura ananta saMkhyAoM ke bhramake kAraNa sva-virodhI pratIta hotI hai / gaNanA ke dvArA prApta sAnta saMkhyA meM ve bAteM haiM jo ananta saMkhyA meM nahIM pAyI jAtIM / sAnta saMkhyA meM dUsarI sAnta saMkhyAkA yoga karanepara athavA isameM se dUsarI sAnta saMkhyA ke ghaTAne para hAni-vRddhi pAyI jAtI hai / isa prakAra 1 2 3 4, Adi saMkhyA mAlA batAtI haiM ki 114
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________________ anantakI mAnyatA 'Age-Ageke aMka ekake jor3anese bar3hate jAte haiM / ataH yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki isa mAlAkI 'eka-sau-eka' saMkhyA bhI saumeM eka jor3anese hI prApta ho sake gI / usakA parihAra ananta saMkhyAmeM yaha vaiziSTa nahIM pAyA jAtA / udAharaNArtha- 1, 2, 3, 4, zrAdi saMkhyAoMkI eka mAlA likhiye aura ThIka usake nIce 2, 4, 6, 8, Adi yathA krama likhiye / inameM sAnta aMkoMkI prathama mAlA aMta rahita hai, kAraNa, usako vinA maryAdAke gaNanA kara sakate haiM / ise hI pArabhASikazabdameM 'ananta mAlA' kaheM ge / isameM pAye jAne bAle aMka ananta hoM ge / isI prakAra 2,4,6,8, Adi aMka vAlI dUsarI mAlA bhI aMta rahita hai aura use bhI ananta-aMka-yukta ananta mAlA kaheM ge | prathama mAlAke pratyeka aMkake anurUpa dUsarI mAlAmeM aMkAvalI hai isa taraha donoM mAlAeM tulya haiM, kyoM ki donoM agaNita aMkAvali yukta haiM / kintu dvitIya mAlAmeM sama-saMkhyA vAle aMka haiM, viSama saMkhyAtroMkA abhAva hai / prathama mAlAmeM sama aura viSama sabhI aMka haiM / isaprakAra eka dRSTi se kaha sakate haiM ki dvitIya mAlA prathama mAlAkA eka aMga hai, kAraNa; vaha saba viSama saMkhyAoMse zUnya hai| yadyapi, Upara dekha cuke haiM ki gaNitakI dRSTi se donoM mAlAeM sadRza haiM kyoMki donoM ananta haiM-anta rahita haiM / tathApi eka pahelI-sI sammukha aA khar3I hotI hai jo Uparase dekhane meM jaTila jJAta hotI hai ki yadi donoM mAlAeM sAnta haiM taba to dUsarI mAlAmeM pahilI mAlAkI apekSA alpatara aMka honA cAhiye kAraNa usameM prathama mAlAke kucha aMka nahIM haiM / yaha nirNaya ananta saMkhyAtroM ke sambandhameM nahIM laga sakatA kyoMki prathama mAlAke pratyeka aMkake sthAnameM dvitIya mAlAmeM anya aMkAvalI hai / yaha ubhaya-gata samAnatA sarvatra pAyI jAya gii| aura cUMki donoM mAlAeM ananta haiM isalie unakI sadRzatA ekatAko prakaTa kregii| isase spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki dhana aura RNa sadRza gaNitakI prakriyA ananta akoMke sambandhameM arthahIna hai / ananta saMkhyAmeM anya saMkhyAaoMke jor3anepara vRddhi nahIM hotI tathA ananta saMkhyA meM se kucha saMkhyAtroM ko ghaTAnepara usameM hAni bhI nahIM ho gI / vaha ananta hI rhegii| ananta mAlA ( Series ) kA zAbdika artha aMta-hIna mAlA hai arthAt aisI saMkhyAeM jinakA koI aMta na ho / kAlakI avadhi isI prakAra 'ananta-mAlA' rUpa hai| anaMta mAlAkA niyamake anusAra aMta nahIM hogA, yaha pracalita mAnyatA aAdhunika gaNita-siddhAntoMke anusAra kucha saMzodhana yogya hai, udAharaNArtha-1-2-3-4, Adi aMkoMkI mAlA ananta mAlA rUpa hai kyoMki kitanI hI gaNanA karate jAiye, usake aMtima aMkako prApta nahIM kara sakate / pracalita mAnyatAke anusAra bhI yaha mAlA aMta rahita arthAta ananta hai| kiMtu usakA prArambha 1' aMkase hotA hai jo ki mAlAkA prathama aMka 115
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha (pada) hai| yahAM hamAre pAsa prAraMbha yukta ananta mAlA hai, usakA aMta nahIM hai / sAdhAraNa mAnyatA bhI isa bAtako vinA kaThinatAke svIkAra kare gI / gaNitakI dRSTise isake viparIta kramavAlI ananta mAlAko bhI nikAla sakate haiN| jaise ki '1' zraMka likhiye aura usakI bAIM ora se Adi bhinna yukta aMkoM ko likhate jAiye / isa bhinna yukta aMkavAlI mAlAkA AraMbha yadyapi '1' aMka hai, sthApi yaha hIyamAna bhinna-yukta ananta mAlA hai / vaha bhinna aMka prApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, jise aMtima kahA jA ske| kyoMki sadA usa manotIta aMtima bhinnase bhI alpatara arthAt AgekI saMkhyA kI kalpanA kara sakate haiM / yaha anaMta mAlA jisakA prAraMbha '1' se hotA hai tathA jo pIche kI ora bar3hatI hai, anaMta mAlA kahI jA sakatI hai jisakA zrAdi to nahIM hai paraMtu usakA aMta yA paryavasAna '1' aMka meM hotA hai / kANTa tathA anya dArzanikoMne samajhA thA ki Adi-hIna kiMtu aMta-yukta anaMta mAlA svavirodhI haiM / paraMtu gaNita zAstrakI dRSTise '1' se prAraMbha honevAlI mAlA jo anaMta paryaMta calI jAtI hai, tathA vaha bhinna mAlA ( Series of Fractions ) jisakA AraMbha '1' hai aura jo poche anaMta taka pahuMcatI hai; inameM koI aMtara nahIM hai| isa prakAra eka aisI anaMta saMkhyA prApta kI jAtI hai jisakA Adi to haiM lekina aMta nahIM hai / tathA dUsarI aisI anaMta saMkhyA prApta hotI hai jisakA aMta to hai lekina yadi nahIM hai / gaNitakI dRSTi se donoM sambhava haiM, isalie ve sva-virodhI aura aparamArtha zabda ke dvArA nahIM kahI jA sakatIM / yadi zrAge vardhamAna pada-yukta prathama mAlA yathArtha hai to uttarottara hoyamAna- bhinnarUpavAlI dvitIya mAlA bhI yathArtha hai / jaina mAnyatA- gaNitakI ina mAnyatAoMkA jaina darzana se bahuta bar3A sambandha hai / jaina darzana spaSTatayA yathArtha - vAdI hai, ataH vaha AkAza aura kAla yukta vizvameM vastuko vAstavika mAnatA hai| jainadArzanikoM ne kAlako kSaNoMkI rAzi rUpa kahA hai jinheM kAlaparamANu kahate haiM / kAlakI paribhASA meM kahA gayA hai ki vaha kAla-paramANutroMkI rAzi mAlArUpa vardhamAna paMkti svarUpa hai, Urdhva pracaya rUpa haiM arthAt eka-eka paramANu rUpa paMkti jo uttarottara kSaNa yukta yA kAla paramANu viziSTa hai / isa kAla saMkhyA ke anurUpa hI gaNitakI dhArA hai / gaNitakI usa dhArA meM zrAkAzake pradeza haiM / AkAza svayaM bhinna bhinna dizAoM meM aMza- mAlAkA puJja hai jo lambAI - moTAI-caur3AIke rUpameM vividha vistAra yukta haiM / zrAkAza aura kAla ina donoM meM aMza vibhAga batAyA hai aura Adhunika gaNitajJa bhI AkAza aura kAlake isa sva-virodhakA nirAkaraNa karate haiN| yahAM gaNita sambandhI dhArAkA vicAra dArzanikoMkI sahAyatA karatA hai / 116
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________________ anantakI mAnyatA ananta vibhAjana (bhUmiti )-- rekhAgaNitakI eka rekhAko liijiye| use do, do bAra vibhAjita karate jAiye aura ananta bAra pratyekake bhAga kIjiye / pratyeka vibhAgakA vibhAgI-karaNa kabhI samApta na ho gA / isa dhArAke vibhAgI karaNakI anantatAkI sambhAvanA pahale asambhava aura sva-virodhI mAnI jAtI thii| parantu aAdhunika gaNitajJoMne isake pratikUla saMbhAvanA aura avirodha siddha kara diyA hai| asambhavatA isa kalpanA para nirbhara thI ki eka sAnta dhArAmeM sAnta yA somita hI aMza hoM ge / paraMtu sthiti yaha nahIM hai| yaha Upara batAyA jA cukA hai ki sasoma rekhAmeM sImita aMza hote haiM / yahAM zrApa anaMta aMza mAlAkI vyavasthAkA krama rekhAgaNitakI rekhA ke aMtoM-koNoMmeM pAte haiM jo sAdi aura sAnta haiN| yadi sasIma rekhAmeM jisakA kAla maryAdita hai usameM maryAdAtIta arthAt anaMta aMza haiM tathA vaha anaMta saMkhyA vAle kSaNa viziSTa haiM taba yaha dArzanika-pAlocanA ki kAla aura aAkAzameM svayaM virodha hai, yuktiyukta na hogI / ataeva dArzanikoMko isa pariNAma para nahIM pahuMcanA cAhiye ki aAkAza aura kAla asatya tathA asambhava haiM / anAdi-ananta kI siddhi-- ___ isa taraha hama jainadarzanake anusAra aise jagatako pAte haiM jisakA na to aAdi hai aura na aMta, yadyapi usameM pariNamana hotA rahatA hai / yaha bhI sambhava hai ki saMsArameM jIva sadA paryaTana karatA rahe / isataraha eka zrAtmAkI apekSA saMsArakA aAdi nahIM hai| usI prakAra anaMta mAlA bhI anAdi hogii| jaba AtmA karmake baMdhanoMko tor3akara sva-svarUpako prApta karatA hai--mukta hotA hai, taba jIvana aura maraNa rUpa saMsAra paribhramaNakI gati ruka jAtI hai / isa prakAra isa viSayameM Adi vihIna saMsArakA aMta ho jAyagA / yadyapi vyaktigata rUpase AtmAeM saMsAra cakrase chUTakara mukti pA jAtI haiM, tathApi saMsArameM vidyamAna anaMta jIvoMkI apekSA saMsArakI zRMkhalA avicchinna rUpase calI jAtI hai / saMsArameM vidyamAna anaMta jIvoMkI apekSA saMsArakI zRkhalA avicchinna rUpase calo jAya gii| saMsAra ananta jIvoMkA puJja hai, usameM se kitanehI jIva cAhe ve ananta hI kyoM na ho, mukta ho jAya, taba bhI vaha puJja yA anaMta rAzi kisI prakAra kama nahIM hogii| jina aAtmAoMne nirvANa prApta kiyA hai ve anaMta hoMgI, phira bhI saMsArameM vidyamAna jIva rAzikI saMkhyA para unakA koI prabhAva nahIM par3e gA / yathArtha meM yaha bahuta manoraMjaka bAta hai ki bhautika vijJAnake jaina AcAryoMne zrAkAza, kAla aura anaMta pracayake viruddha uThAyI gayI aneka zaMkAoMke uttarameM gaNitakI eka paddhatiko samunnata kiyA thA, Adhunika gaNita ke siddhAnta jisakA samarthana karate haiM aura jisakA pracAra rasala aura hvAiTa heDa jaise mahAn gaNitajJoMne kiyA hai|
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________________ voM-abhinandana-grantha upasaMhAra sabakA niSkarSa yaha hai ki ananta-mAlA yA ananta-pracaya sva-virodhI nahIM hai| yaha bAta usa samaya sahaja hI hRdayagrAhI ho jAtI hai, jaba yaha smaraNa rakhA jAya ki sAdhAraNa santa aMkoMkA sambandha anaMta aMkoMse nahIM ho sakatA hai| eka anaMta samudAya kitanI hI bar3I saMkhyA ghaTAne yA jor3anese na to kSIyamAna hogA aura na vardhamAna hogaa| anaMta-mAlA sAdi ho kiMtu santa na ho athavA vaha anAdi anaMta hI ho gaNitake ye nizcaya bhautika vijJAna ke jaina-prAcAryoMne apane dArzanika siddhAntoMke vizada vivecanameM bhI prayukta kiye the| 118
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________________ ahiMsA kI pUrva-paramparA sva0 AcArya zrI dharmAnanda kauzAmbI prAcIna kAlase hI rAja-saMsthA hiMsAkI bhittipara AdhArita hotI aAyI hai / eka prakArakI rAjya vyavasthA miTAkara usakI jagaha dUsare prakArakI sthApita karanemeM raktapAta honA aparihArya hai, aisA aba bhI bahutoMko lagatA hai / rAjAoMse hI devatAoMkI kalpanA nikalI ho gI / rAjA loga yadi adhika priya hoM, to phira devatA bhI vaise hI kyoM na hoM ? isIse vaidika kAlIna bhAratake samAna hI misra, sIriyA, grIsa, Adi dezoMmeM bhI yajJa yAgakI prathA loka priya huI / bhAratameM vaidika saMskRti prathamataH sindhu nadIke pradezameM phailI aura bAdameM paMjAbake mArgase hotI huI dhIre dhIre vaha pUrvakI ora phailatI gyii| Adi ahiMsA saMsthApaka-- ahiMsAtmaka saMskRtikI sthApanA karanekA prathamataH zreya jaina-tIrthaGkaroM ko denA cAhiye / AdinAthase mahAvIra svAmI taka jo caubIsa tIrthaGkara prasiddha haiM, ve saba ahiMsA-dharmake puraskartA the, aisA sabhI jaina mAnate haiM / apanI saMskRti vaidika saMskRtise bhI prAcInatara hai; aisA jaina paNDita pratipAdana karate haiM / sthAnAMga sUtra meM likhA hai"bharaheravaesu NaM vAsesu purimapacchimavajA mAjjhimagA vAvIsaM arahaMtA cAujAmaM dhammaM paNaNaveti / taM jahA-savvAto pANAtivAyAzro veramaNaM, evaM dANAzro veramaNaM, savvAto adinnadANAzro veramaNaM savvAzro bahiddhANAzro veramaNaM / " arthAt ---bharata aura airAvata isa pradezameM pahale aura antima chor3a kara bAIsa tIrthaGkara cAturyAma dharma upadeza dete haiM / vaha isa prakAra hai 'samasta prANaghAta se virati, usI prakAra asatyase virati, sarva adattAdAna ( corI ) se virati, sarva bahirdhA udAna ( parigraha ) se virati / ' ___ isa uddharaNameM bharata aura airAvata ina do pradezoMke nAma Ate haiM / vaidika sAhityakI dRSTi se bharata aAjakalakA paMjAba ThaharatA hai / airAvata kauna pradeza hai, samajhameM nahIM AtA / vaha paMjAbake pUrvakI ora hogA / ina donoM pradezoMmeM prAcIna tIrthaGkara cAturyAma ( cAra saMyama ) dharmakA pracAra karate the / pAzcAtya paNDitoM ke matAnusAra bhI cAturyAma dharmakA saMsthApaka pArzvanAtha teIsavAM tIrthaGkara hI thaa| ataH sabase pahile ahiMsA dharmakI sthApanA aura pracAra karanekA zreya tIrthaGkaroMko milatA hai, kyoMki pArzvanAthakA kAla buddha-pUrva 200 varSa hai /
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________________ vo-abhinandana-grantha isa samaya pUrva pradezameM bahutase mahAjana sattAka rAjya astitvameM the| unameM magadhake uttarakI aora banIkA rAjya mahA prabala thA / isa rAjyameM jainadharmakA pracAra bahuta thaa| isakA kAraNa yaha jAna par3atA hai ki vahAMke mukhya vAso kRSaka the aura yajJa-yAgoMmeM kRSi-upayogI jAnavaroMkI bali unheM pasanda na thii| dUsare jo malla, zAkya, Adi gaNatantra the, unameM bhI yajJa yAgako koI sthAna nahIM thA, aisA jAna par3atA hai / magadha aura kauzala ke rAjA loga aura unake rakSita brAhmaNa jAgIradAra loga bIca bIcameM yAga kiyA karate the, parantu vaha janatAko priya na thA, kyoMki aise yajJoMmeM khetIke jAnavara ( gAya, baila, vagairaha ) logoM se jabardastI liye jAte the / isa prakAra pUrvako aorase sabhI rASTroMse ahiMsA dharmako Apase Apa janatAkA pRSTha poSaNa milatA thA / eka upekSA-- jaina sAdhu prANiyoMpara dayA karanekA upadeza dete the, to bhI manuSya jAtimeM hone vAlI lar3AiyoMke sambandhameM udAsIna rahate the| stro-kathA, bhakta-kathA, deza-kathA, rAja-kathA aisI kathAeM ve gardA mAnate', atyanta sUkSma jantuoMkI rakSAke nimita ve bar3I cintA karate / jantuaoMkI rakSA karate karate eka dUsarA bar3A doSa (?) jaina sAdhutroMmeM ghusa gayA vaha yaha ki jIvana nirvAhake lie ve bhikSATanake sivA aura koI bhI zArIrika karma nahIM karate / bhikSATana bhI niyamita jagaha para hI karate / tapasyA pradhAna niyamoM ke kAraNa jainadharma hinduntAnake bAhara na jA sakA aura isIse jainadharmako AjakA saMkucita svarUpa prApta huaa| aisA hone para bhI sarvaprathama ahiMsA dharmakA AviSkAra jaina dharmane hI kiyA aura hindastAnake pUrva pradezakI sAmAnya janatAko manobhUmimeM bhUta-dayAkA bIjAropaNa kiyA / ataH ahiMsAtmaka satyAgrahakA zrAdya janakatva pArzvanAthako hI denA par3atA hai| pArzvanAthake bAda tIsarI sadImeM ahiMsAkA bar3A puraskartA buddha huaa| gRha tyAgake pahale vRddha, rugNa aura mRta manuSyoMko dekhakara gautamako vairAgya huA aura isa sambandhameM bahuta sI rasabharI kathAeM bauddha granthoMmeM milatI haiM / parantu tripiTaka granthake prAcIna vibhAgameM isa bAtakA koI AdhAra nahIM / jarA, vyAdhi aura maraNa isa viSayameM gautamake manameM bAra bAra vicAra avazya AtA hogA, aisA aMguttara-nikAyake eka suttase jAna par3atA hai| parantu use sabase bhayaMkara yadi koI bAta lagI to yaha ki 'phandamAnaM paja disthA macche araNodake yathA / __ aMja bhajjehi vAruddhe disvAmaM bhayamAvisi // ' arthAt--sUkha cale hue pAnImeM jaise machaliyAM tar3aphar3AtI haiM usI prakAra paraspara virodha karake tar3aphar3Ane vAlI isa manuSya jAtiko dekhakara mere manameM bhayakA saMcAra huaa| 1. sthAnAMga sUtra na0282 / 120
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________________ ahiMsA kI pUrva paramparA isase gautamako manuSyoMkI pArasparika hiMsA vRttise kitanI ghRNA thI, yaha spaSTa hotA hai| iso kAraNa gRha tyAga karake usane manuSya jAtike kalyANakA nayA mArga khoja nikaalaa| jaMgala meM rahakara pAnI kI bUdameM rahanevAle jantupara bhI dayA dikhAnA, para idhara manuSya manuSyake bIcameM jaba ghora saMgrAma macA huA ho to bhI usase udAsIna rahanA, isaprakArakA ahiMsA dharma buddhako pasanda na thaa| mAnavatAko prAdhAnya dene ke kAraNa bauddha dharmakA jainadharmase adhika phailAva huzrA / parantu bhikSATana karanA, jamIna khodane, vagairahake kAmako niSiddha samajhanA aura rAjya saMsthAke viSayameM udAsIna rahanA, Adi kucha doSa (1) bauddhadharmameM bhI raha gaye / rAjAko kaise vartanA cAhiye, isa sambandhameM kucha sUtra tripiTakameM haiN| para rAjA yadi duSTa huA to prajAko kyA karanA cAhiye, isa viSayameM koI vidhAna nahIM miltaa| vajjiyoMke gaNa-sattAka rAjyakI abhivRddhi ke lie buddha ke sAta niyama banA denekA ullekha mahAparinibbAna-suttake prArambhameM hI hai / para plaiToke ripablika jaise gaNa-sattAka rAjyakI sthApanA aura vikAsa kaise kiyA jAtA hai aura usameM bahujana samAjakA hita kaise sAdhA jA sakatA hai, isakA vicAra bauddha granthoM meM vistAra pUrvaka nahIM miltaa| IsAI ahiMsA tathA samAjavAda buddha ke pazcAt chaThI sadImeM prakhyAt ahiMsAvAdI IsA huA | paramezvarakA saumya rUpa batAkara usane mAnavajAtimeM ahiMsAke pracArakA yatna kiyaa| jaina aura bauddha bhikSuoMko jamIna khodane jaise kAmoMkI manAhI hai, vaisI IsAI sAdhuoMko nahIM hai; parantu unheM zarIra nirvAhake lie zArIrika parizrama karanA hI cAhiye, aisA koI niyama bhI nahIM hai / dUsarA yaha ki rAjakIya sattAmeM sudhAra karanekA bhI unhoMne yatna nahIM kiyaa| sIjarako kara denA cAhiye yA nahIM, yaha prazna pUche jAnepara IsAne uttara diyA- 'jo vastu sojarako ho so sIjarako do, aura jo vastu prabhukI ho so prabhuko do' / isakA pariNAma yaha huA ki IsAI sAdhu rAjyasattAnuvartI bana gaye aura kucha dinake bAda popane bhI rAjya sattA lUTa lo| kintu rAjya saMsthAko ahiMsAtmaka banAnekA prayatna IsAke anuyAiyoMne kabhI nahIM kiyaa| vyApAra-yuga kA pazcimameM udaya hote hI zramI janoMkI to jaise mRtyu bhA gyo| unake du:khoMkA parimArjana karanekA jina satpuruSoMne prayatna kiyA, ve samAjavAdI khlaaye| unameM aura bauddha bhikSutroM, IsAI pAdariyoMmeM koI vizeSa antara nahIM raha gayA tathA bauddha bhikSu tathA IsAI pAdarI jahAM maTha bAMdha kara rahA karate the aura zAnti mArgakA upadeza zrAvakoMko dete the, vahAM zArIrika parizrama nahIM karate the / itanA hI nahIM, bAdameM ye bhikSu aura pAdarI rAjAroMse inAma, jAgIreM pAkara jamIdAra bana gye| isa kAraNa sAdhAraNa janatA tiraskAra karane lgii| rAvarTa probena prabhRti sozalisToMkA vatIva inake khilApha thA / garIboMke duHkha dUra karaneke lie unhoMne yaha mArga svIkAra kiyaa| amarIkAmeM jahAM jamIna bahuta thI, unhoMne jAkara eka bar3I bastI 121
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________________ vI-abhinandana grantha sthApita kI / usa bastImeM sabhIke lie zArIrika parizrama karanA anivArya kara diyA gyaa| isa prakAra sampattikA utpAdana hone para pratyekako aAvazyakatAnusAra sampatti vibhAjana kiyA gayA aura bacI huI sampatti sArvajanika koSameM rakkhI gayI / parantu unakI isa bastIkI Ayu pAMca-dasa varSake Age na bddh'ii| bAharake loga ina bastiyoM meM Akara khalala DAlate; sadatyoMmeM dharma pramAvanA aura dUsarI bhrAnta dhAraNAoMko prazraya aura uttejanA dilAte, aura isa kAraNa unameM ApasI phUTa par3a kara avyavasthA maca gyii| kArla mArksa-yuga-- zAntivAdI dayAlu gRhasthoMkA yaha samAjavAda kArla mArksako pasanda na thaa| aise logoMko mArksa nandanavanIya (Utopian) sozalisTa kahA karatA thaa| phira bhI mArksakA samAjavAda inhI nandanavanIya samAjavadiyoMse udaya huaA, yaha na bhUlanA caahiye| mArksa ke matAnusAra yuddha banda karanekA upAya thA duniyAM bharake zramIjanoMko gaThitakara pUMjIpatiyoM tathA jamIdAroMko naSTa krnaa| usakA vicAra thA ki isa prakAra sArI duniyA ke zramasaMgaThanase yuddha ruka jAyage aura manuSya mAtrameM bhrAtR-bhAva phaila jaavegaa| majadUroMkA sabase bar3A zatru thA rASTrAbhimAna (Nationalism) / use naSTa karaneke lie usane 'Workers International" nAmakI eka saMsthA sthApita kI vaha usake rahate hI TUTa gyii| isake bAda dUsarI iNTara naizanala sthApita huI / vaha mahAyuddha ke samayameM vilona ho gyii| phira rUsI rAjyakrAntike bAda tIsarI iNTara naizanala bhI bana gayI, para ina yatnoMse bhI zAnti sthApanA na huii| . ___ iTalIke sainika zramikoMne avIsIniyAko jo tahasa nahasa kiyA, spenameM jarmana aura iTAliyana zramikoM dvArA jo atyAcAra kiye gaye aura jApAnI zramikoM dvArA cInameM sahadharmiyoMkA jo karale zrAma kiyA gayA, vaha saba isIkA sAkSI hai ki 'varkaras inTaranaizanala" bhI eka nandanavanIya svapna mAtra rhaa| ___ mAnava mAtrameM ahiMsA prasthApita karane ke lie sabako zArIrika parizrama karanA z2arUrI hai, aura ahiMsAke AdhyAtmika balapara hiMsA-virodha para kaTibaddha ho jAnA cAhiye, yahI do siddhAnta TAlasTAyane duniyAMke sAmane rakkhe / parantu TAlasTAyakA upadeza mAnaneko pazcimI deza taiyAra nahIM hue, aura mahAyuddha hokara hI rhaa| mahAtmA gAMdhIkI ahiMsA-- ahiMsAko vyavahArika rUpa sarvaprathama mahAtmA gAMdhIne hI diyA / pAzcAtya saMskRtise cakAcauMdha hokara jo loga bauddha aura jainadharmake ahiMsA pracArako bhAratake vartamAna adhaHpatanakA kAraNa batAte haiM, unheM gAMdhIjIne ahiMsA prayogase khAsA javAba diyA / ahiMsA sAdhanAke balapara kaisI tejasvinI ho sakatI. hai, yaha svayaM-kRti dvArA gAMdhIjIne batAyA / kitanI hI balazAlI aura zasra sampanna, koI sattA kyoM na ho 122
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________________ ahiMsA kI pUrva paramparA para sahiSNu aura ahiMsAmaya satyAgrahake Age usakI sattA hAra jAtI hai, vaha abhI abhI duniyAM phirase jAnane, samajhane aura manana karane lagI hai / pArzva tIrthaGkarane sUkSma jantuoM para bhI dayA dikhAnA logoMko sikhaayaa| buddha ne usa dayAkA prabhAva manuSya jAtiko aora batAyA / para ina do mahA vibhUtiyoMne dayAke sAtha zArIrika parizramako nahIM bAMdhA / IsAne apane ziSyoMko zArIrika zramake lie manA nahIM kiyaa| para ina tInoMne ahiMsAko kevala siddhAntarUpameM saMsArake sAmane rakkhA use vyavahArika rUpa nahIM diyaa| zAsana vyavasthAse usakA sambandha pahale pahala TAlasTAyane kiyA, kintu isa siddhAntako bhI vyavahArameM lAnekA sarvaprathama zreya mahAtmA gAMdhIko hI hai| unhoMne sarvaprathama saMsArako dikhAyA ki rAjanItika kSetrameM bhI nahi verena verAni sammanti dha kadAcana / averena ca sammanta dha esadhamo sanantano // arthAt-vaira se vaira bujhatA nahIM, vaha maitrIse hI bujhatA hai.--yahI sanAtana dharma hai /
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________________ jainadharmameM ahiMsA zrI svAmI satyabhakta nyAyatIrtha, sAhitya ratna jo janma letA hai vaha eka na eka dina maratA avazya hai| yA to eka prANI dUsare prANIko mAra DAlatA hai athavA prakRti hI usakA jIvana samAta kara detI hai| inameM se prANoko prakRtikI apekSA dUsare prANIkA Dara jyAdA hai eka prANI dUsare prANIke khUnakA pyAsA hai| isalie nItivAkya bhI bana gayA hai-"jIvo jIvasya jiivnm'| arthAt eka jIva dUsare jIvake jIvanakA aAdhAra hai / manuSya sabameM zreSTha prANI hai ! buddhimAna honese balavAna bhI hai| isalie yaha upayukta nItivAkyakA sabase jyAdA durupayoga kara sakA hai| apane svArthake lie vaha aisI hiMsA bhI karatA hai jo Avazyaka nahIM kahI jA sakato parantu yaha kArya prANIsamAja aura manuSyasamAjakI zAntimeM bAdhaka hai / isase Atmika unnati bhI ruka jAtI hai| isalie pratyeka dharmameM thor3A-bahuta rUpameM hiMsAke tyAgakA upadeza diyA gayA hai aura isalie 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH" pratyeka dharmakA mUla maMtra bana gayA hai| ahiMsAkI sUkSma vyAkhyA-- leokena jaina dharmane isa maMtrakI jaisI sUkSma vyAkhyA kI hai vaha vejor3a hai / jaina dharmakI ahiMsA, ahiMsAkA carama rUpa hai / jainadharmake anusAra manuSya, pazu, pakSI, kIr3e, makor3e, Adike atirikta pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspatimeM bhI jIva haiM / miTTIke DhelemeM kIr3e, Adi jIva to haiM hI, parantu miTTI kA DhelA svayaM pRthvI-kAyika jIvoMke zarIrakA piMDa hai| isI taraha jala bindumeM yantroMke dvArA dikhane vAle aneka jIvoMke atirikta vaha svayaM jala-kAyika jIvoMke zarIrakA piMDa hai| yahI bAta agnikAya, Adike viSayameM bhI samajhanI cAhiye / pArasI dharma para prabhAva-- isa prakArakA kucha vivecana pArasiyoMkI dharma pustaka 'zrAvastA' meM bhI milatA hai| jaise hamAre yahAM pratikramaNakA rivAja hai uso taraha unake yahAM bhI pazcAttApakI kriyA karanekA rivAja hai / usa kriyAmeM jo maMtra bole jAte haiM unameM se kuchakA bhAvArtha isa taraha hai-"dhAtu upadhAtuke sAtha jo maiMne durvyavahAra (aparAdha) kiyA ho usakA maiM pazcAttApa karatA huuN|" "jamInake sAtha jo maiMne aparAdha kiyA ho usakA maiM pazcAttApa karatA hUM / ' "pAnI athavA pAnIke anya bhedoMke sAtha jo maiMne aparAdha kiyA ho usakA maiM pazcAttApa 124
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________________ jainadharmameM ahiMsA karatA huuN|" "vRkSa aura vRkSake anya bhedoMke sAtha jo maiMne aparAdha kiyA ho usakA maiM pazcAttApa karatA huuN|" "mahatAba, aAfatAba, jalatI agni, aAdika sAtha jo maiMne aparAdha kiyA ho maiM usakA pazcAttApa karatA huuN|" pArasiyoMkA vivecana jainadharmake pratikramaNa-pAThase milatA julatA hai joki pArasI dharmake Upara jainadharmake prabhAvakA sUcaka hai / matalaba yaha hai ki jainadharma meM ahiMsAkA bar3A sUkSma vivecana kiyA gayA hai| eka dina thA jaba saMsArane isa sUkSma ahiMsAko aAzcarya aura harSake sAtha dekhA thA aura apana yA thA / kyA ahiMsA avyavahArya hai-- yahAM para prazna hotA hai ki jaba jainadharmakI ahiMsA itanI sUkSma hai to usakA pAlana kadApi nahIM ho sakatA / vaha avyavahArya hai isalie usakA vivecana vyartha hai / parantu jainadharmane hiMsA aura ahiMsAkA vivecana itane acche rUpameM kiyA hai ki vaha jitanA hI utkRSTa hai utanAhI vyavahArya bhI hai ! dravyahiMsA aura bhAvahiMsA-- jainadharmake anusAra apane dvArA kisI prANIke mara jAnese yA dakhI ho jAnese hI hiMsA nahIM hotI / saMsArameM sarvatra jIva pAye jAte haiM aura ve apane nimitta se marate bhI rahate haiM / phira bhI jainadharma isa prANIghAtako hiMsA nahIM kahatA / vAstavameM 'hiMsA rUpa pariNAma' ho hiMsA hai| dravyahiMsAko to sirpha isalie hiMsA kahA hai ki usakA bhAvahiMsAke sAtha sambandha hai| phira bhI yaha bAta yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki dravyahiMsAke hone para bhAvahiMsA anivArya nahIM hai| agara dravya hiMsA aura bhAva hiMsAko isa prakAra alaga na kiyA gayA hotA to jainadharmake anusAra koI bhI ahiMsaka na bana sakatA aura nimnalikhita zaMkA khar3I rahatI jale jaMtuH sthale jaMturAkAze jaMtureva ca / jaMtumAlAkule loke kathaM bhikSurahiMsakaH // jalameM jaMtu haiM, sthalameM jaMtu haiM aura AkAzameM bhI jaMtu haiN| jaba samasta loka jaMtuoMse bharA huA hai taba koI bhikSu ( muni) ahiMsaka kaise ho sakatA hai ? isa praznakA uttara yoM diyA gayA hai sUkSmA na prativIDyante prANinaH sthUlamUrtayaH / ye zakyAste vivaya'nte kA hiMsA sNytaatmnH|| sUkSma jIva ( jo adRzya hote haiM tathA na to kisIse rukate haiM aura na kisIko rokate haiM ) to pIr3ita nahIM kiye jA sakate, aura sthUla jIvoMmeM jinakI rakSA kI jA sakatI hai unakI kI jAtI hai; phira muniko hiMsAkA pApa kaise laga sakatA hai ? isIse mAlUma hotA hai ki jo manuSya 125
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jIvoMkI hiMsA karaneke bhAva nahIM rakhatA athavA unako bacAneke bhAva rakhatA hai usake dvArA jo dravyahiMsA hotI hai usakA pApa use nahIM lagatA hai / isalie kahA hai--- viyojayati cAsubhirna ca vadhena sNyujyte|| arthAt --prANoMkA viyoga karadene para bhI hiMsAkA pApa nahIM lgtaa| isa bAtako zAstrakAroMne aura bhI adhika spaSTa karake likhA hai uccAladammi pAde iriyA samidassa NigamaThANe / zrAvAdeja kuliMgo marejja tajoggamAsejja // Na hi tassa tariNamitto baMdho suhumovi desido samaye / arthAt-jo manuSya dekha dekhake rAstA cala rahA hai usake paira uThAne para agara koI jIva paira ke nIce A jAve aura kucale jAkara mara jAve to usa manuSyako usa jIva ke mAranekA thor3A sA bhI pApa nahIM lgtaa| hiMsAkA pApa tabhI lagatA hai jaba vaha yatnAcArase kAma na letA ho maradu va jiyadu va jIvo ayadAcArassa NicchidAhiMsA / payadassa Natthi bandho hiMsAmetteNa samidassa // arthAt-jIva cAhe jiye cAhe mare, parantu jo atyAcArase kAma karegA use avazyahI hiMsAkA pApa lgegaa| lekina jo manuSya yatnAcArase kAma kara rahA hai use prANivadha ho jAnepara bhI hiMsAkA pApa nahIM lgtaa| vizvagjIvacite loke va caran kopyamokSyata / bhAvaikasAdhanau bandhamokSau cennAbhaviSyatAm // -saagrdhrmaamRt| arthAta-jaba ki loka, jIvoMse khacAkhaca bharA hai taba yadi bandha aura mokSa bhAvoMke Upara hI nirbhara na hote to kauna aAdamI mokSa prApta kara sakatA ? samAdhi-maraNa vrata ___ jaba jainadharmakI ahiMsA bhAvoMke Upara nirbhara hai taba use koI bhI samajhadAra avyavahArya kahanekA duHsAhasa nahIM kara sktaa| jainadharmake samAdhimaraNa vratake Upara vicAra karanese sApha mAlUma hotA hai ki maranese hI hiMsA nahIM hotii| isa sallekhanA vratake mahatva aura svarUpako na samajhakara kisI aAdamIne eka patra meM likhA thA ki jainI loga mahinoM bhUkhoM raha kara maranemeM puNya samajhate haiM / agara isa bhAIne sallekhanA kA rahasya samajhA hotA to kabhI aisA na likhatA, aura na sallekhanAko AtmahatyAkA rUpa hI detA / sallekhanA nimna avasthAoMmeM kI jAtI hai|
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________________ upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niHpratikAre / dharmAya tanuvimocananamAhuH sallekhanAmAryAH // 1. jaina dharma meM hiMsA ( svAmI samaMtabhadra ) / arthAt -- jaba koI upasarga, durbhikSa, bur3hApA aura roga aisI hAlata meM pahuMca jAMya ki dharmakI rakSA karanA muzkila ho to dharma ke lie zarIra chor3a denA sallekhanA yA samAdhi maraNa hai / samAdhi le lene para uparyukta ApattiyoMko dUra karanekI phira ceSTA nahIM kI jAtI, upacAra vagairaha banda karake vaha aMta meM anazana karate karate prANatyAga karatA hai / sambhava hai ki upacAra karanese kucha dina aura jI jAtA / parantu jisa kArya ke lie jIvana hai, jaba vahI naSTa ho jAtA hai taba jIvanakA mUlya hI kyA rahatA hai ? yaha yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki AtmAkA sAdhya zAMti aura sukha hai / sukhakA sAdhana hai dharma aura dharmakA sAdhana hai jIvana, jaba jIvana dharmakA bAdhaka bana gayA hai taba jIvanako chor3akara dharma kI rakSA karanA hI ucita hai| hara jagaha sAdhya aura sAdhana meM virodha hone para sAdhanako chor3a kara sAdhyakI rakSA karanA cAhiye / samAdhimaraNameM isa nItikA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| isI bAtako kalaMkadevane yo spaSTa kiyA hai " yathA vaNijaH vividhapaNyadAnAdAnasaMcayaparasya gRhavinAzo'niSTaH taddhinAzakAraNe copasthite yathAzakti pariharati, duSparihAre ca paNyAvinAzo yathA bhavati tathA yatate / evaM gRhastho'pi vratazIla puNyasaMcayapravartamAnastadAzrayasya zarIrasya na pAtamabhivAJchati, taduplavakAraNe copasthite svaguNAvirodhena pariharati; duSparihAre ca yathA svaguNavinAzo na bhavati tathA prayatati / kathamAtmavadho bhaveta" / -- taccArtharAjavArtika / bhAvArtha- koI vyApArI apane gharakA nAza nahIM cAhatA / agara ghara meM grAga laga jAtI hai| kaThina hai taba vaha gharakI zarIrakA nAza nahIM cAhatA / parantu jaba detA hai aura dharmakI rakSA karatA hai / to usake bujhAne kI ceSTA karatA hai / parantu jaba dekhatA hai ki isakA bujhAnA parvAha na karake dhanakI rakSA karatA hai / isI taraha koI AdamI usakA nAza nizcita ho jAtA hai taba vaha use to naSTa hone isalie yaha zrAtmavadha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / isa para kahA jA sakatA hai ki sarvajJake vinA yaha kauna nizcita kara sakatA hai ki yaha mara hI jAyagA, kyoMki dekhA gayA hai ki jisa rogIkI acche acche cikitsakoMne AzA chor3a dI vaha bhI jI gayA hai; isalie saMzayAspada mRtyuko sallekhanA ke dvArA nizcita mRtyu banA denA zrAtmavadha hI hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki cikitsA se kucha samaya adhika jIvanakI zrAzA hai, jaba ki sallekhanAse vaha pahile hI mara jAyagA / ataH yaha bhI zrAtmavadha kahalAyA aura sallekhanA karAne vAle manuSya ghAtaka kahalAye / 127
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________________ varNI- zrabhinandana grantha parantu kAma to aise bhI niHsandeha hama loga sarvajJa nahIM haiM parantu duniyA ke sAre kAma sarvajJake dvArA nahIM karAye jA sakate / hama loga to bhaviSya ke eka kSaNakI bhI bAta nizcita nahIM jAna sakate, kiye jAte haiM jinakA sambandha bhaviSya ke kSaNoMse hI nahIM, yugoM se hotA hai / manuSyake pAsa jitanA jJAna aura zakti hai usakA ucita upayoga karanA cAhiye / sarvajJatA prApta nahIM hai aura thor3e jJAnakA upayoga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, aisI hAlata meM manuSya bilakula akarmaNya ho jAyagA / isalie upalabdha zaktikA zubha pariNAmoMse upayoga karanemeM koI pApa nahIM hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki bhautika jIvana saba kucha nahIM hai - bhautika jIvanako saba kucha samajhanevAle jInA hI nahIM jAnate; ve jIte hue bhI mRtakake samAna haiM / aise bhI aneka avasara Ate haiM jaba manuSya ko svecchA se jIvanakA tyAga karanA par3atA hai / yuddha meM zrAtmasamarpaNa kara dene se yA bhAga jAnese jAna baca sakanepara bhI sacce vIra ye donoM kAma na karake mara jAte haiM / vaha cIja jisake lie ve jIvanakA tyAga kara dete haiM, avazya hI jIvanakI apekSA bahumUlya haiM / isalie unakA yaha kAma zrAtmahatyA nahIM khlaataa| bahuta dina hue kisI patrameM hamane eka kahAnI par3hI thI, usakA zIrSaka thA " patihatyA meM pAtivratya" / usakA aMtima kathAnaka yoM thA - yuddhakSetrameM rAjA ghAyala par3A thA, rAnI pAsa meM baiThI thI / yavana senA unheM kaida karaneke lie A rahI thI / rAjAne bar3e karuNa svarameM rAnIse kahA "devi ! tumheM pAtivratyakI kaThina parIkSA denI par3egI / " rAnIke svIkAra karanepara rAjAne kahA ki, "merA jIvita zarIra yavanoMke hAthameM jAve isake pahile mere peTa meM kaTArI mAra do" / rAnI ghabarAyI, kintu jaba zatru bilakula pAsa zrA gaye, taba rAjAne kahA ' devi ! parIkSA do / saccI pativratA bano / " rAnIne rAjAke peTameM kaTArI mAra dI aura usI kaTArIse apane jIvanakA bhI aMta kara diyA / yaha thA 'patihatyA meM pAtivratya' isase mAlUma hotA hai ki aisI bhI cIjeM haiM jinake lie jIvanakA tyAga karanA par3atA hai / zrAtmahatyA kAyaratA hai parantu uparyukta ghaTanAeM vIratAke jAjvalyamAna udAharaNa haiM / inhIM udAharaNoM ke bhItara samAdhimaraNakI ghaTanAeM bhI zAmila haiM / hAM duniyA meM pratyeka siddhAnta aura pratyeka rivAjakA durupayoga ho sakatA hai aura hotA bhI hai| baMgAla meM kucha dina pahile 'takriyA' kA bahuta durupayoga hotA thA / aneka loga vRddhA stroko gaMgA kinAre le jAte the aura usase kahate the 'hari' bolo agara usane 'hari' bola diyA to use jIte hI gaMgA meM bahA dete the / parantu vaha hari nahIM bolatI thI isase use bAra bAra pAnI meM DubA DubAkara nikAlate the aura ghabarAkara vaha hari bola jaba taka vaha hari na bole taba taka use isI prakAra parezAna karate rahate the jisase diyA karatI thI aura ve loga use svarga pahuMcA dete the / 'aMtimakriyA' kA yaha kaisA bhayAnaka durupayoga thA / phira bhI durupayogake Darase acche kAmakA tyAga nahIM kiyA jAtA, kintu yathAsAdhya durupayogako rokane ke lie kucha niyama banAye jAte haiN| apane aura parake prANatyAgake viSaya meM nimna likhita niyama upayogI haiM 128
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________________ jainadharbhameM ahiMsA (1) roga athavA aura koI Apatti asAdhya ho / (2) sabane rogIke jIvanakI AzA chor3a dI ho / (3) prANI svayaM prANatyAga karaneko tayAra ho| ( yadi prANIkI icchA jAnanekA koI mArga na ho to isa kriyA karane vAle ko zuddha hRdaya se vicAranA cAhiye ki aisI paristhitimeM yaha prANI kyA cAhatA hai / ) (4) jIvanakI apekSA usakA tyAga hI usake lie zreyaskara (dharmAdikI rakSAkA kAraNa) siddha hotA ho| isake atirikta aura bhI bahutase kAraNa ho sakate haiM jaise paricaryA na ho sakanA, Adi; parantu upayukta kAraNa to avazya hone hI cAhiye / isa kArya meM eka bAta sabase adhika Avazyaka hai| vaha hai pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA, niHsvArthatA, aadi| jisa jIvako prANatyAga karanA hai usIkI bhalAyI kA hI lakSya honA cAhiye / isase pAThaka samajhe hoM ge ki prANatyAga karane aura karAnese hI hiMsA nahIM hotI--hiMsA hotI hai taba, jaba hamAre bhAva duHkha deneke hote haiN| matalaba yaha ki korI dravyahiMsA hiMsA nahIM kahalA sakatI / sAthameM itanA aura samajha lenA cAhiye ki korA prANaviyoga hiMsA to kyA, dravyahiMsA bhI nahIM kahalA sakatA / prANaviyoga svataH dravyahiMsA nahIM hai parantu vaha duHkharUpa dravyahiMsAkA kAraNa hotA hai isalie dravyahiMsA kahalAtA hai| akalaMkadevakI nimnalikhita paMktiyoMse bhI yaha bAta dhvanita hotI hai-- ___"syAnmataM prANebhyo'nya AtmA ataH prANaviyoge na AtmanaH kiJcid bhavatItyadharmAbhAvaH syAt iti / tanna, kiM kAraNaM ? tad duHkhotpAdakatvAt , prANa vyaparopaNe hi sati tatsaMbaMdhino jIvasya duHkhamutpadyate itydhrmsiddhiH|" ( tatvArtharAjavArtika) isameM batalAyA hai ki 'zrAtmA to prANoMse pRthaka hai isalie prANoMke viyoga karane para bhI zrAtmAkA kucha ( bigAr3a) na honese adharma na hogA, yadi aisA kahA jAya to yaha ThIka nahIM hai; kyoMki * prANaviyoga hone para duHkha hotA hai isalie adharma siddha huaaa|' isase mAlUma huA ki dravyahiMsA to duHkharUpa hai| prANaviyoga duHkhakA eka bar3A sAdhana hai isalie vaha dravyahiMsA kahalAyA / yaha dravyahiMsA bhI bhAvahiMsAke vinA hiMsA nahIM kahalA sakatI / jo loga bAhyarUpa dekhakara hI hiMsA ahiMsAkI kalpanA kara lete haiM ve bhUlate haiM / isa viSaya meM prAcArya amRtacaMdrakI kucha kArikAeM ullekhanIya haiM avidhAyApi hi hiMsAphala bhAjana bhavatyekaH / kRtvA'pyaparo hiMsAMhiMsAphalabhAjanaM na syAt // 129
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ekasyAlpA hiMsA dadAti kAle phalamanalpam / anyasya mahAhiMsA svalpaphalA bhavati pripaake|| kasyApi dizati hiMsAphala mekameva phalakAle / anyasya saiva hiMsA dizayahiMsAphalaM vipulam // hiMsAphalamaparasya tu dadAyahiMsA tu pariNAme / itarasya punarhisA dirAtyahiMsA phalaM nAnyat // avavudhya hiMsya-hiMsaka hiMsA-hiMsAphalAni tattvena / nityamavagRhamAnai nijazaktyA tyajyatAM hiMsA // ( puruSArthasiddha yupAya) 'eka manuSya hiMsA ( dravyahiMsA ) na karake bhI hiMsaka ho jAtA hai-arthAt hiMsAkA phala prApta karatA hai / dUsarA manuSya hiMsA karake bhI hiMsaka nahIM hotA / ekakI thor3I sI hiMsA bhI bahuta phala detI hai aura dUsarekI bar3I bhArI hiMsA bhI thor3A phala detI hai| kisIkI hiMsA hiMsAkA phala detI hai aura kisIkI ahiMsA hiMsAkA phala detI hai / hiMsya (jisakI hiMsA kI jAya ) kyA hai ? hiMsaka kauna hai ? hiMsA kyA hai ? aura hiMsAkA phala kyA hai ? ina bAtoMko acchI taraha samajhakara hiMsAkA tyAga karanA cAhiye / ' yahAM taka sAmAnya ahiMsA kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / jisake bhItara mahAvrata bhI zAmila haiN| pAThaka dekheMge ki isa ahiMsA mahAvratakA svarUpa bhI kitanA vyApaka aura vyavahArya hai| aba hameM ahiMsA aNuvratake Upara thor3A sA vicAra karanA hai jisakA pAlana gRhasthoM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / gRhasthoMkI ahiMsA hiMsA cAra prakArakI hotI haiM--saMkalpI, prArambhI, udyogI aura virodhI / vinA aparAdhake, jAna bUjhakara, jaba kisI jIvake prANa liye jAte haiM yA use duHkha diyA jAtA hai to vaha saMkalpI hiMsA kahalAtI hai, jaise kasAyI pazuvadha karatA hai / jhAr3ane buhAranemeM, roTI banAnemeM, Ane-jAne, AdimeM yatnAcAra rakhate hue bhI jo hiMsA ho jAtI hai vaha prArambhI hiMsA kahalAtI hai| vyApAra, Adi kArya meM jo hiMsA ho jAtI hai use udyogI hiMsA kahate haiM; jaise anAjakA vyApArI nahIM cAhatA ki anAjameM kIr3e par3eM aura mareM parantu prayatna karanepara bhI kIr3e par3a jAte haiM aura mara jAte haiM / AtmarakSA yA zrAtmIyakI rakSAke lie jo hiMsA kI jAtI hai vaha virodhI hiMsA hai| ____ gRhastha sthAvara jIvoMkI hiMsAkA tyAgI nahIM hai| sirpha trasa jIvoMkI hiMsAkA tyAgI hai| lekina trasa jIvoMkI uparyukta cAra prakArakI hiMsAmeM se vaha sirpha saMkalpI hiMsAkA tyAga karatA hai| kRSi, yuddha, zrAdimeM honevAlI hiMsA saMkalpI hiMsA nahIM hai, isalie ahiMsANuvratI yaha kara sakatA hai / ahiMsANuvratakA nirdoSa pAlana dUsarI pratimAmeM kiyA jAtA hai aura kRSi, AdikA tyAga zrATavI pratimAmeM hotA hai / kisI 130
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________________ jainadharma meM hiMsA bhI samaya jaina samAjakA pratyeka AdamI AThavIM pratimAdhArI nahIM ho sktaa| vartamAna jaina samAjameM hajAra pIche eka AdamI bhI muzkila se aNuvratadhArI mila sakegA / AThavIM pratimAdhArI to bahuta hI kama haiM / jainiyoMne jo kRSi, Adi kArya chor3a rakkhA hai vaha jainI nahIM vyApArI honeke kAraNa chor3A hai / dakSiNa prAMta meM jitane jainI haiM, unakA bahubhAga kRSijIvI hI hai / kucha logoMkA yaha khayAla hai ki jainI ho jAnese hI manuSya, rASTrake kAma kI cIja nahIM rahatAvaha rASTrakA bhAra bana jAtA hai / parantu yaha bhUla hai yadyapi isa bhUlakA bahuta kucha uttaradAyitva vartamAna jaina samAjapara bhI hai, parantu hai yaha bhUla hI / rASTrakI rakSA ke lie aisA koI kArya nahIM haiM jo jainI na kara sakatA ho, athavA usa kArya karane se usake dhArmika padameM bAdhA AtI ho / jainiyoMke paurANika citra to isa viSaya meM zrAzAtIta udAratAkA paricaya dete haiM / yuddhakA kAma purAne samaya meM kSatriya kiyA karate the / prajAkI rakSA ke lie aparAdhiyoM ko kaThora se kaThora daMDa bhI kSatriya dete the / inhIM kSatriyoM meM jainiyoMke prAyaH sabhI mahApuruSoMkA janma huA hai| caubIsa tIrthaMkara, bAraha cakravartI, nava nArAyaNa, nava pratinArAyaNa, nava balabhadra ye tresaTha zalAkA puruSa kSatriya the / caudaha kAmadeva tathA anya hajAroM Adarza vyakti kSatriya the / ina sabhI ko yuddha aura zAsanakA kAma karanA par3atA thA / dharmake sabase bar3e pracAraka tIrthaMkara hote haiM / janma se hI inakA jIvana eka sAMce meM DhalA huA hotA hai| inakA sArA jIvana eka Adarza jIvana hotA / lekina tIrthaMkaroMmeM zAntinAtha, kuMthunAtha, aranAthane to AryakhaNDa tathA pAMca mleccha khaNDoMkI vijaya kI thI / bhagavAna neminAtha bhI yuddha meM zAmila hue the / isa yuga ke prathama cakravartI samrATa bharatakA vairAgyamaya jIvana prasiddha hai | lekina prANadaNDakI vyavasthA inhoMne nikAlI thI / jainiyoMke purANa to yuddhoMse bhare par3e haiM; aura una yuddhoM meM acche acche aNuvratiyoMne bhI bhAga liyA hai| padmapurANa meM lar3AyI para jAte hue kSatriyoM ke varNana meM nimna likhita zloka dhyAna dene yogya hai - samyagdarzana sampannaH zUraH kazvidaNuvratI / pRSThato vIkSyate palyA purastridazakanyayA // isameM likhA hai ki 'kisI samyagdRSTi aura aNuvatI sipAhI ko pIche se patnI aura sAmane se deva kanyAeM dekha rahI haiM / ' gara jaina dharma bilakula vaizyoMkA hI dharma hotA to usake sAhitya meM aise dRzya na hote / isalie yaha acchI taraha samajha lenA cAhiye ki apanI apane kuTumbiyoMkI, apane dhana aura zrAjIvikA kI rakSA ke lie jo hiMsA karanI par3atI hai vaha saMkalpI hiMsA nahIM hai, usakA tyAgI sAdhAraNa jainI to kyA tI bhI nahIM hotaa| isase sApha mAlUma hotA hai ki jaina dharmakI ahiMsA na to avyavahArya hai, na saMkucita hai. aura na aihika unnatimeM bAdhaka hai| vartamAnake adhikAMza jainI apanI kAyaratA yA karmayatAko chipAne ke lie bar3I bar3I bAteM kiyA karate haiM paraMtu vAstavameM ahiMsA ke sAdhAraNa rUpake pAlaka bhI nahIM hote / hAM, DhoMga kaI guNA dikhalAte haiM / inheM dekhakara athavA inake zrAcaraNa parase jaina dharmakI hiMsA nahIM samajhI jA sakatI / 431
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________________ jainAcAra tathA vizva-samasyAeM [ sva. ] DA0 veNIprasAda, ema e., DI. liTa., Adi 'dharma' zabdakI yadyapi aneka paribhASAeM kI gayI haiM tathApi isakI manovaijJAnika paribhASA 'anurUpa karaNa' athavA 'saMskaraNa' zabda dvArA hI kI jA sakatI hai| kinhIM bhI AdhyAtmika siddhAntoMkI zraddhA ho para unakA vyApaka tathA gambhIra kSetra pUrNa vizva hI hotA hai| phalataH jahAM eka ora dharma jIva tathA ajIvake samasta lakSaNa tathA unake pArasparika sambandhapara dRSTi rakhatA hai vahIM dUsarI ora jIvanakI una prakriyAoM tathA saMsthAnoMke vyApaka AdhAroMkA bhI vizada nirUpaNa karatA hai jinake dvArA manuSya apane svarUpakI vyakti karatA huA Atma sAkSAtkArakI aora jAtA hai| ina donoMmeM se dvitIya zrAdarzako lekara yahAM mImAMsA karanA ucita hai ki vizva vikAsake lie mAnavake varddhamAna anubhavoMke AdhArapara sunizcita kiye gaye niyamoMkA dharmameM kahAM taka samAveza huaA hai| arthAt dharma sAmAjika nyAya, kSema tathA sukhameM kahAM taka sAdhaka hai| 1-ahiMsA sAmAjika dRSTise jaina zrAcAra-niyamoMkA saMkSipta vizleSaNa karanepara ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ye pAMca aNuvrata sAmane Ate haiM; aNuvrata, guNavata tathA zikSAvratoMke lakSaNAdi pUrvaka vivecanako chor3akara yahAM kevala itanA hI vicAra karanA hai, ki sAmAjika-sambandha, dRSTi tathA saMgaThana kI apekSAse aNuvratoMkA kyA sthAna hai, kyoMki ye jainAcArakI mUla bhitti haiN| jIvake vikAsake samasta siddhAMtoMmeM ahiMsA prathama tathA mahattama hai isa siddhAMtako prAcIna zrAcAryoM ne jisa sUkSma dRSTi se svIkAra kiyA hai vaha svayaM hI usake mahattvakI dyotaka hai| bala-chalakI karaNI-- - dUsaroM ko Thagane, dAsa banAye rakhane tathA unase apanI svArtha siddhi karAneke lie vyakti, samaSTi, varga, jAti tathA rASTroMne aba taka pazubala arthAt apanI adhikatara zArIrika zaktikA hI upayoga kiyA hai / aba taka yahI manuSya ke ApasI saMbandhoM kA niyAmaka rahA hai / arthAt ina sabane manuSya hone ke karaNa hI manuSya ke sammAna kI tathA vyaktitvake aAdhArase hI vyaktitvake mUlya kI upekSA kI hai / dUsarI ora pazubalase AkrAnta pakSane bhI chadma aura chalake AvaraNameM usakI avahelanA tathA 132
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________________ jainAcAra tathA vizva samasyAeM sthAnAntaraNa kiyA hai / bala aura chala pUrva-pUraka haiM aura kisI bhI sAmAjika vyavahArakA vizleSaNa karane para eka hI ghaTanA ke do pakSoMke rUpameM sAmane Ate haiN| chalake vyavahAra kA kSetra sImita nahIM hai / prabhutA tathA zoSaNa kI yojanA meM bala dvArA apUrNa aMzoM kI pUrti ke lie prabhu loga balakA vyApaka prayoga karate haiM / dAsatA zrAtmarUpa ( vyaktitva ) kI maulika vyakti svataMtratA ke viruddha par3atI hai / jise ki 'grAhama vAlesana' antaraMga vikAsa, vikAsakI pUrNatA tathA sarasatA evaM utkarSAbhilASA aura vidhAyakatA arthAt zrAtma rUpa kI prAptikA preraka satata sAdhana kahA hai / phalataH dAsatA pratirodha ko utpanna karatI hai| prabhu loga pratirodhake mUlasrotoM ko azakta karane tathA pracAra dvArA zrAjJAkArI banAne kA mArga pakar3ate haiM, arthAt ucca AdarzoM kI mahattA ko girAte haiM tathA bhaya lobha, akarmaNyatA, svArthaparatA, Adi ko uttejanA dete hai / bala aura chalake dvArA mAnava vRttiyoM kA aisA zranicchita samanvaya huA hai ki eka zrAdhunika samAja vijJAnIko yahI niSkarSa nikAlanA par3A ki "bala chala hI ve siddhAnta haiM jinapara aba taka mAnava saMskRti avalambita rahI hai / " vartamAna yugakI pradhAna samasyA yAdhunika yugane ukta niSkarSa kI satyatA ko adhika caritArtha kiyA hai / kyoMki vigata sau varSoM meM dUra vartI athavA nikaTa vartI vividha jAtiyoM, rASTroM, saMskRtiyoM tathA vicAra dhArAmroM kA jaisA pArasparika vinAza huA hai vahI isakA prabala sAkSI hai / samanvaya athavA punarnirmANa anivArya thA, kintu isa dizA meM kiye gaye prayatnoM kA preraka bhI dalagata pratiSThA rahI hai / phalataH 'baNDarasala' aise mahAn vaijJAnika evaM dArzanika taka ko bhI kahanA par3A ki rAjanIti meM prabhutA kA siddhAnta utanA hI mahattvapUrNa hai jitanA bhautika vijJAna meM zakti - ( Energy ) siddhAnta hai | gata do zatiyAM vijJAnake suvidita vikAsakA itihAsa haiM / isa yugane una vidhAyaka evaM vyavasthApaka zrAviSkAroMko kiyA hai jinake phala svarUpa saMsArake strI, puruSa tathA bAlakoMne sukha tathA manoraJjana, jJAna evaM saMskAra aura zAnti tathA surakSAko paryApta rUpa meM prApta kiyA | kintu zaktiyoM ke ukta zrAviSkAra katipaya dezoMke kucha vizeSa vargoM meM hI hue haiM aura vaha bhI yuddhoMke virAma kAlameM / kAraNa spaSTa haiM, inheM deza, varga tathA sampradAya gata vaJcanA evaM nirAzA, saMgharSa tathA ghRNA ke prAcIna kubhAvoM kA dAsI banAne ke kAraNa hI aisA huA / sthiti yaha hai ki Aja mAnava vipula sAdhana sAmagriyoM se ghirA raha kara bhI akiJcana hai tathA vizada jyoti kI suvidhAoMke sadbhAvameM bhI gAr3hAndhakAra se grasta 1 nirAzA evaM tajjanya a-bhrAnti niraza se utpanna bhrAnti hI vaha gutthI hai jise zrAjakA vizva dArzanikoM tathA rAjanItijJoM kI vibhinna yojanAoM dvArA sulajhAnA cAhatA hai / paccIsa varSa pahile jaba prathama vizva yuddha samApta huA 133
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha thA usa samaya bhI janataMtra, Atma nirNaya, antArASTriya nyAya tathA sahakAra, niHzastrIkaraNa, yuddha kI avaidhatA tathA cirasthAyI zAnti kI sAdhana sAmagrI kI zodha kI utkaTa bhAvanA vizvake kone kone meM dRSTigocara hotI thI / amerikAke 'adhyakSa vuDaro vilasana' meM hI usa yuga kI manovRtti mUrtimAna huI thI jinakI vaktRtA aura AdarzavAditAne pUrva tathA pazcimake samasta dezoMmeM nUtana jyoti jagA dI thii| tathApi isa mRga-marIcikAse mukti pAne tathA dvitIya yuddhakI kalpanA karanemeM bIsa varSa hI lage / isa nirAzAkA kAraNa bhI vahI bhUla thI jo vizva dRr3ha-baddha mUla Arthika evaM rAjanaitika vikAroM tathA UparI lakSaNoMmeM bheda na kara sakaneke kAraNa karatA AyA hai| rAjataMtra evaM rAjanIti kA vyavahAra sadaiva vega aura asthiratA pUrvaka calatA hai phalataH rAjanItijJa usa kalpanAse hI saMtuSTa ho jAte haiM jo unheM spaSTa hI sukhada dikhatI hai tathA bAhara dikhane vAle kAlpanika doSoMkA hI ve pratIkAra karate haiM / 1919-20 meM yahI akhaNDa vizvameM huaA thA, phalataH zastrIkaraNakI pratiyogitA, gupta rAjanIti, aAkramaNa, rASTrIyatA, sAmrAjyavAda. sabaloMke dvArA durbaloMkA zoSaNa, jAtimada, mahAsamara, aAdi purAtana doSoMkI santAna calatI rahI aura ve adhika vikRta rUpameM punaH jAga uThe / vizvakI isa asaphalatAkA eka duHkhada pariNAma vizeSa rUpase zocanIya hai| sadyaH jAta isa a-bhrAntine vizvako aAja adhika udbhrAnta banA diyA hai jabaki mAnava jAtike itihAsameM yaha yuga hI ucca zrAdarzoM tathA udAra preraNAoM kI avilamba adhikatama apekSA karatA hai jaisI ki pahile kabhI nahIM huI thii| pAzcAtya rAjanItijJa AmUla punarnirmANa ko avilamba karanese sakucAte haiM unheM ujjvala bhaviSya tathA apane puruSArtha para bharosA hI nahIM haiM ; aisA pratIta hotA hai| yuddhakI sAmAjika bhUmikA yuddha, zastrIkaraNa tathA duryodhana-rAjanItimeM bheda karanA aAjakI sthitimeM atyanta durUha hai, kAraNa ve pRthak pRthak padArtha hI nahIM pratIta hote haiM / prakaTa uddezya aura prayogake avasaroMkI carcAko jAne dIjiye, Aja to ye saba adhikAra-jJApana, vivAda-zamana, Adi una nItiyoMke sAdhaka upAya ho rahe haiM jo spaSTa hI hiMAkI naitikatAkA poSaNa karatI haiM / eka dalake dvArA dUsare dalapara kiyA gayA balAtkAra hI inakA AdhAra hai / yadi vivAdoMkA zamana balAtkAra dvArA hotA hai to isakA yahI tAtparya hai ki aAjakA samAja pazubadhake sahacArI ghRNA, asaphalatA tathA zoSaNase grasta hai| inake dvArA antArASTriya sambandha, rASTriya saMgaThana, sAhitya tathA dRSTi sarvathA kSata vikSata ho gaye haiM / samaSTigata vyavahAra para bala chalakI aisI gambhIra evaM spaSTa chAyA par3I hai ki yadi hameM zrAtmasaMskAra karanA hai to prathama siddhAMtako pakar3anA cAhiye / vartamAna saMgharSake gartase nikalakara zAnti aura sampannatA pAnekA ekamAtra upAya mAnava vyavahAroMkA aisA saMskAra hai jisake dvArA 'bala' ke siMhAsanapara ahiMsAkI pratiSThA ho ske| isa tathyako hRdayaMgama karAneke lie bhagIratha prayatna karanA hai|
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________________ jainAcAra tathA vizvasamasyAeM antArASTriya anubhavoMse zikSA ___ san 1919 meM sthApita rASTrasaMgha tathA 1934 taka calAye gaye niHzastrIkaraNake prayatnoMne yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki gupta evaM baddhamUla kAraNa 'hiMsA'kA pratIkAra kiye vinA prakaTa lakSaNa 'yuddha'kA vinAza asaMbhava hai| kyoM ki aAja hiMsA vizvakI samasta dalabandImeM vyApta hai| ahiMsAke uttarottara vikAsakA artha hai rAjataMtra tathA Arthika vyavasthAko dRSTi se eka dalakI dUsare dalapara prabhutAkA abhAva tathA yUropa, amerikA, eziyA, aphrikA tathA samasta rASTroMko vyAvahArika rUpase vikAsa, svAtaMtrya tathA avasara samatAke siddhAntako svIkAra kara lenA / antastaMtra meM ahiMsA ahiMsAkI pratiSThAke bAda pratyeka dezakI antaraMga nItikA bhI navIkaraNa ho jAya gaa| kyoMki rathUla paryavekSaka bhI yaha bhalIbhAMti jAnate haiM ki adhikAMza dezoMkI Arthika vyavasthAkA AdhAra vahAMkI bahusaMkhyaka janatAkA vikAsake avasaroMke samAna vibhAjanase vaJcanA hotI hai| hamAre sAmpradAyika tathA jAtigata vibhAjanakA hetu bhI antatogatvA bala evaM balapUrvaka vizvAsa karAnA hI hotA hai / tathA AMzika rUpase pUrva paramparA aura abhyAsa bhI hote haiN| aparyApta sAdhana sAmagrIke kAraNa calI AyI saMkucita rASTrIyatAko aba sthAna isalie nahIM hai ki jIvanopayogI padArthoMkI vipulatAkI saMbhAvanAke kAraNa vaha svayaM nirasta ho jAtI hai / Aja to mAnava jIvanake naye zrAdarza sthApita karane haiM / pratyeka strI, puruSa tathA zizukA yoga-kSema abhISTa hai, unheM Atma-vikAsake adhikase adhika avasara samAna rUpase juTAne haiM / ise ahiMsA siddhAntake atirikta aura kauna kara sakatA hai; kyoM ki yaha saba usakA svarUpa hI hai| ahiMsAkA vidhAyaka rUpa-- yadyapi 'ahiMsA' [ na+hiMsA ] zabda niSedhAtmaka hai tathApi usakI zikSA kevala nivRttiparaka nahIM hai apitu vyavahAra dRSTi se sarvathA pravRttiparaka hai tathA jisake suprabhAvase sudUra bhaviSya bhI aspRSTa nahIM raha sakatA / ahiMsA kisI bhI dezakI sAmAjika tathA Arthika vyavasthAoMke pArasparika sambandhoMkA punaruddhAra karAtI huI usake antaraMga taMtrameM AmUla parivartana ke lie prerita karatI hai / yaha anivArya hai ki saMsthAoMke punarnirmANake sAtha-sAtha hamArI dRSTi athavA jIvana viSayaka mAnyatAmeM bhI tadanurUpa parivartana ho / jaisA ki 'plaiTo tathA eriSToTala' ko abhISTa 'saba prakArakI saMsthAoM ke apane vizeSa guNa tathA tadanurUpa naitikatA honI cAhiye' kathanase siddha hai| yadi kisI saMsthAkI apanI naitikatA na ho to usakI sajIvatA lupta ho jAtI hai aura vaha punarnirmANa yantravat jar3a ho jAtA hai, tathA antatogatvA vaha prabhAvahIna athavA pratigAmI ho jAtA hai / ataH ahiMsAko Adarza banAnA anivArya hai vaha kisI bhI siddhAntAkA anyathA bodha athavA AcaraNa nahIM hone de gii|
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha ahiMsAkA kSetra ukta vivecanakA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki mAnava vyavahAra sarvathA bala prayogamaya hI hai| aisA honepara vastu vyavahAra saMbhava ho jAyagA / aura na samAja aise vAtAvaraNa meM cala skegaa| Adarza kuTumba athavA usase bar3A anya parivAra athavA samAjake nirmANa ke lie puSkala mAtrA meM pArasparika sahAnubhUti evaM sahAyatA, , sneha evaM sAntvanA tathA utsarga evaM balikI sadaiva AvazyakatA hotI hai / vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya bAta yahI hai ki ukta guNa grAjake sAmAjika jIvana meM paryApta mAtrAmeM nahIM hai, usameM to pazubalakI kITa hI bahuta adhika pratIta ho rahI hai / ataeva isa kITako nikAlakara sAmAjika guNoM ke lie sthAna karanA hai | samAjake Arthika vAtAvaraNa tathA vyaktigata jIvanameM eka Avazyaka aMga-aMgibhAva hai; yaha bhI sabake gale utaranA cAhiye / vyaktitva sAmAjika vastu arthAt vaha samAja se utpanna hotI hai / phalataH vaha sAmAjika saMghaTana meM antarnihita hai / kevala upadeza aura preraNAhI kisI samAja meM naitika jIvanakA saMcAra karaneke lie paryApta nahIM haiM; yaha anAdi anubhava hai / yaha bIja bhI upayukta bhUmi, jalavAyu evaM vAtAvaraNakI apekSA karatA hai, yahI hiMsA ke prastAvakI vastusthiti hai / pUrNa mAnava samAjakA vAstavika ahiMsAmaya jIvana tatra hI saMbhava hai jaba ki vizva ke sAmAjika vyavahAra tathA saMsthAnoMkI nIMva bhI ahiMsApara ho| aisI paristhiti meM hiMsAkA sAra hogA mAnavako bala prayogako apanI prakRti se sarvathA mukta karake yukti, preraNA, sahiSNutA, sahAyatA tathA sevAke bhAvoMse zrota prota kara denA / 2- satya - hiMsA siddhAnta kA yathArthatA athavA satyase ghaniSTa sambandha hai / Upara dekha cuke haiM ki Akramaka kA bala-prayoga AkrAnta ko chaliyA banAtA hai / yaha bhI jJAta hai ki bala bahudhA apanI lakSya siddhi meM asaphala hI rahatA hai, tathA chala aura bhramakA sahArA lenA isakA svabhAva hai / yaha vastusthiti "yuddha meM saba ucita hai" isa lokoktiko pRSThabhUmi hai / samasta saMbhava sUtroMkA upayoga yuddha meM aMtarnihita hai | Aja ke yuga meM yuddha 'sarva-svAmI' ho gayA hai arthAt bauddhika, naitika tathA bhautika samagra sAdhanoM kI pUrNAhutikA sahArA letA hai / zastrIkaraNa kA bhAra prArambha meM janamatako trasta karake avyavasthita sA kara detA hai, kintu sarva-svAmitva guNa sampanna Adhunika yuddha bAda meM janamatake samarthana ke mahattvako svayaM bar3hAtA hai aura vaha satata sAvadhAnI spaSTa ho jAtI hai jisake sAtha vartamAna rAjyoM kI vyavasthita prabhuzakti manovaijJAnika pracAra dvArA janatA kI svIkRti ko utpanna kara letI hai / phalataH "yuddha sabase pahale satyakI hatyA karatA hai" yaha ukti sarvathA caritArtha hai / anivArya prArambhika zikSA unnIsavIM zatIkA zreSTha sthAyI kArya hai / kintu usakA suphala pracArake bhUtase daba gayA hai jisase aAjakA sampUrNa vAtAvaraNa vyApta hai / tathA jisakA anubhava 'dhvanikSepaka yaMtra' dvArA jala, thala aura namameM kiyA jA sakatA hai / dezoM ke aMtaraMga zAsanakI sthiti bhI isa dizA meM bahuta 136
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________________ jainAcAra tathA vizva samasyAeM acchI nahIM hai / bhASaNa zailIkA Adarza nirvAcanoMmeM nimnatama rUpa dhAraNa kara cukA hai aura kabhI kabhI 'rAjasabhA' tathA 'dAsa-zAsana'ke nIcatama SaDayantroM kI sImAmeM praveza kara jAtA hai| aisI sthitimeM satyakA mArga bhI ahiMsAke samAna sAdhaka hai / "satyameva jayate" sUkti tathya hai kyoMki antameM satya kI hI vijaya dekhI jAtI haiM / kintu manasA, vAcA, karmaNA pAlA gayA satya saphalatA kA sarala mArga hai aisA artha karanA bhrAnti ho gI / Aja ke samaya meM yathArtha athv| satya kA mArga kaNTakAkIrNa hai| isameM virodha, . damana aura kaSTa haiM / vaha dhairya, Atmabala tathA muniyoM aise tapa kI apekSA karatA hai| asatya manuSkI vaha durbalatA hai jisakA udgama pazubala se hai, aura pazubalake vinAzake sAtha hI vinaSTa ho sakatI hai / gharelU jIvanameM manuSya Aja bhI satya bola sakatA hai, kintu isase vizva kI gutthI kI eka hI pAza khulatI hai / vartamAna samasyAke do pakSa haiM arthAt 1---jana sAdhAraNako apane gharelU tathA sAmAjika jIvanameM zuddha yathArthatA, satyatA aura spaSTakAritAse calane yogya vAtAvaraNa utpanna karanA tathA 2-sabhA, rAjatAntrika dala tathA zAsanAko bhI ukta siddhAntAnukUla DhaMgase kartavya pAlana karanA sahaja kara denA / vizeSakara inheM pararASTra nItimeM bhI usI satyatA evaM spaSTa vAditAse vyavahAra karanekA abhyasta banAnA jise ve vyaktigata jIvanameM vartate haiN| samAja hitakI dRSTi se bhI satyake upayukta paristhitiyAM utpanna karanA Avazyaka hai / isase dUra bhaviSyameM hI bhalA na hogA apitu turanta hI isake suphala dRSTigocara hoNge| eka hI pakSa jIvana nahIM hai, vividha pakSa paraspara sApekSa haiM aura ghaTanAoMkA eka aparihArya cakra hai, yaha tathya punaH hamAre saMmukha zrA khar3A hotA hai| ataeva yathA saMbhava kupravRttiyoM ke cakrako naSTa karanA hamArA dharma hai / rASTriya tathA antArASTriya vyavahAra meM satyake unnata starako prApta karanA ucita aura Avazyaka hai / satya vyavahAra kI jitanI pragati hogI utanI hI saralatAse samAjako vartamAna adhomArgase nikAla karake uccatara yukti evaM naitikatAke supathapara lAyA jA skegaa| 3-asteya-- ahiMsA tathA satyamaya punarnirmANa isa bAtakI vizada kalpanA karatA hai ki pratyeka manuSya parasparake vyavahArameM dUsaroMke svatvoM (adhikAroM) ko svabhAvataH surakSita rakhe / acaurya (asteya) aNuvratakA zrAtmA yahI hai / yadyapi zabdArtha corIkA tyAga hI hotA hai tathApi gUDha tathA sAra artha yahI hai ki manuSya dUsareke adhikAroMkA apaharaNa na kare / tathA 'sarvabhUtahite rataH' hI rahe / isake lie 'svatva' athavA adhikAroMke svarUpako dArzanika dRSTi se samajhanA Avazyaka hai| saMkSepa meM kaha sakate haiM ki vyaktitvake vikAsameM upayogI sAmAjika paristhitiyoMkA nAma hI 'svatva' hai / phalataH sarva sAdhAraNako 'svatva' arthAt ucita sAmAjika paristhitiyoMko samAnarUpase pAnekA janmasiddha adhikAra hai| svatvoMkA sambandha kevala vyaktise nahIM hai apitu ve samaSTikI sampatti haiM kyoMki sAmAjika 18
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________________ voM-abhinandana-grantha ceSTA hI unakI janma tathA sthitikA pradhAna kAraNa hai| manuSya mAtrake lie prazasta jIvanopayogI paristhitiyAM yadi denI haiM to vyaktiko inheM apane lie hI nahIM juTAnA cAhiye apitu aisA AcaraNa karanA cAhiye ki dUsarekI sthiti bhI akSuNNa rahe / itanA hI nahIM pratyeka vyaktiko dUsareke lie adhikatama suvidhA denI cAhiye / jo apanA 'svatva' hai vahI dUsare ke prati kartavya hai| isa prakAra svatva aura dAyitva anyonyAzrita haiM kyoMki ve eka hI tathyake do pakSa haiM / eka hI pravRtti svArtha dRSTise svatva aura parArtha dRSTi se dAyitva hotI hai| ve sAmAjika guNa haiM aura sabake prazasta jIvanakI Avazyaka-bhUmikA haiM / inake 'pUrvA'paratva' kI carcA nirarthaka hai kyoM ki unakA aAdhAra eka hI hai tathA ve 'pUrya-pUraka' haiM / yadi saba svatvoMke bhUkhe hokara karttavyoMkI upekSA kareMge to sabake svatva AkAza-kusuma ho jAya ge / yaha mAnava jIvana kI prathama sIr3hI hai jisapara sabako punaH sAvadhAnIse paira rakhanA hai| dUsareke svatvoMkA dhyAna rakhanA bhI ahiMsAmaya vyavahAra hai; yaha mukhokta hai / 4-brahmacarya-- svatvoMkA dhyAna tathA karttavya pAlana para-preraNAse hI sadaiva nahIM cala sakate, 'naitikatAkI sthApanA' isa saMdarbha meM aAtmavirodha hai kyoMki naitika AcaraNopayogI parokSa paristhitiyAM juTAnA hI to zakya hai / suvidita hai ki ahiMsAkA vyApaka vyavahAra sarvathA bala prayogahIna bAtAvaraNameM hI ho sakatA hai kintu naitikatAkA antaraMga rUpa vAhya rUpase sarvathA bhinna hai isakI utpatti antaraMgase hotI hai / Atma niyantraNa sAmAjika jIvanakA udgama sthAna hai jise hama vyApaka rUpameM brahmacaryANuvratakA pAlana kahate haiM / cAritra bhalAyI athavA burAyI jIvakA svabhAva nahIM hai vaha to pariNamana zakti sampanna hai arthAt cAritrake lie kaccI miTTI hai / sarasatA tathA santulanakA hI nAma vikAsa hai jo ki vyApaka tathA varddhamAna vAtAvaraNa ke sAmaJjasyakA aMza hotA hai| naitika dRSTiko kasauTI banAneke nizcita uddezyase isameM samasta sahaja vRttiyoMkA samizraNa ho jAtA hai jisakA pariNAma viveka aura pravRttikA samanvaya hotA hai / isameM vRttiyoMkA pArasparika santulana bhI hotA hai| isa santulana aura sammizraNase usa ekarasa pravRttikA udaya hotA hai jise 'zrAtmabala' kahate haiM / vaha vividha icchA zaktiyoMkA eka rUpa hotA hai / supuSTa nizcita zrAtmazakti hI caritrakI sarvottama paribhASA hai / zrAtma-damanakI prAcIna paramparAke viruddha katipaya adhakacare logoM dvArA uThAyA gayA 'icchApUrtivAda' bhI cAritrakA AdhAra nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki icchApUrtivAdakI vividha koTiyAM hai jo anavasthAkara ho sakatI haiM aura sahaja hI una maryAdAoMko naSTa kara sakatI haiM jinakI sthiti cirasthAyI sukha-zAntike lie anivArya hai| 138
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________________ jainAcAra tathA vizva samasyAeM vyaktitvakA sAdhya arthAt AtmavyaktikA eka uddezya usa uccatara sAmAjika sahiSNutAse ekatAnatA hai jise paropakAritA, balidAna, sevA, Adi nAmoMse kahate haiN| ye hI vyaktitvakA zreSThatama rUpa haiM / yaha anuzAsana tathA prAtmAnuzAsanakA mArga hai| isameM tathA prabala balaprayogameM bar3A bheda hai / jabaradastIke phala patanonmukha nairAzya tathA nirodha bhI ho jAte haiM / kintu 'kalama-karane' ke samAna saMyaya mAnavajIvana rUpI vRkSameM nUtana patra tathA puSpa Adi dvArA zrIvRddhi hI karatA hai| vAsanA-zAnti-- yadi manuSya pratyeka vAsanAkI pUrti karane lage, vAtAvaraNase prApta pratyeka uttejanAse zrAkula hone lage, to jIvana virodha, caMcalatA tathA laghutA(uthalepana) avAstavikatAkI krIr3AsthalI bana jAya gaa| jIvanake mUla srota dabe hI raha jAyage aura laghutAkA sAmrAjya ho jAya gA / phalataH anya vikAsoMke samAna aAtma niyantraNa hI mAnavakI ekamAtra gati hai| use bhale burekA viveka karanA hogaa| viveka karanekI vRtti apanAnI par3egI aura apane manovAnchitoMmeM ekatAnatA lAnI ho gI / heya vRttiyoMse manako haTA kara upAdeya vRttiyoMmeM tallIna karanA ho gA / heya vRttiyoMke lie jisa utsAha zaktikA ubhAra uThatA hai use upAdeya vRttiyoM ke paripoSaNakI ora bahAnA ho gA / atRpta vAsanAtroMke kAraNa utpanna utkaNThAkI dhArAko tRpta vRttiyoMke saMtoSasarameM milAnA hogaa| lokAcArako samajhate hI bAlakameM vAsanAkA ucita nikAra prArambha ho jAtA hai| jahAM puruSameM zakti, preraNA tathA utkaNThA bar3hatI haiM vahIM usameM viveka, naitika-nirmANa tathA Atma-saMyamakA bhI vikAsa hotA hai / vAsanA zAnti nirodhakA naitika vloma hai| vAsanA, AkAMkSA tathA vRttiyoMke nirodhakA abhAva jIvana zaktiko itastataH bikhera de gA, vikAsako rokade gA aura daihika saMghananako naSTa kara de gA / yadi inakA balavat nirodha kiyA jAyagA to bhI jIvana jaTila ho jAya gA, aAntarika dvandvoM tathA anekatAnatAkI sRSTi hogI aura ve svapna, dUSita abhiprAya, aAkulatA evaM vipathagAmitAke rUpameM phUTa pdd'eNge| ataeva vAsanA-zAnti svAbhAvika prakAra hai jo vyaktitvako akSuNNa rakhate hue saMyamakI ora le jAtA hai / nyUnAdhika rUpase sabhI vAsanA zAnti karate haiM kintu vaha sarvAMga nahIM hotI yA kisI nizcita sImApara hI ruka jAtI hai kyoMki na to usake pIche zrAdarza yA nizcita saMkalpa rahate haiM aura na uccatara jIvana vyatIta karanekI bhAvanA tathA usakI preraNA evaM uddezya hote haiM / vAstavameM vAsanA-zAnti; naitika aAkAMkSA tathA vikAsAnugAminI zakti evaM sarvAGgINa vRddhikA sammizraNa hai / ApAtataH yaha jIvana vyApI uttejanAko zAnta karatA hai aura zubha, azubha bhAvoMkI vRddhi hone detA hai / aAdarza spaSTa aura aura dRr3ha hote haiN| sarvAGgaNI jIvanameM sahaja hI sajIvatA A jAtI hai / manuSyakA caturmukha nirmANa 139
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha sahaja ho jAtA hai jisapara naitikatA phalatI phUlatI hai| jisake abhAva meM vyakti jJAna, kuzalatA tathA mahattvakAMkSA ke usa starapara calA jAtA hai jo usakI janmajAta yogyatAoM se bahuta nIcA hotA hai / vAsanA zAnti svayameva vikAsa hai kyoMki yaha naitika starako uThAtI hai tathA ardhajJAta evaM ajJAta' vAsanAtroMko jIvanadhArAko patanonmukha karanese rokatI hai / yaha varhimukha vivekako antaraMga se saMyukta karatI hai phalataH jIvanameM vAsanA, tIvra bhAva tathA zrAdarzoMkI ekatAnatA banI rahatI hai / rodhaka bhAvoM kA laya athavA rUpAntara jIvanameM pUrNatAkA praveza karAtA hai / phalasvarUpa vyaktitvake vikAsa aura svAtaMtrya kI dhArA banI rahatI hai / vyaktitvameM naitikatAkA udaya hotA hai. guNoM kI dRSTise vyakti sarvathA parivartita ho jAtA hai tathA vyakti aura vAtAvaraNake bIca ke khiMcAvakI itizrI ho jAtI hai / saba guNoMke vikAsa tathA ekatAnatA janya vyaktitvakA ekamAtra AdhAra honeke kAraNa yaha kumAgakI saMbhAvanAko samApta kara detA hai tathA zrAnandasrotako khola detA hai / kyoMki vRttiyoM tathA abhiprAyoM kI jaTilatA tathA saMgharSa se hI to audAsInya utpanna hotA hai / anuzAsana vAsanA zAnti anuzAsanakI sahacarI hai, zaktikI nirmApaka sAdhu kartRtva-vRttiyoM kA samAja sevA meM samucita upayoga karatI jisakA mahatva sarvavidita hai / anuzAsana svayaM kRtAtmasaMyamakA sAra hai / aura vAhya nirodha ke viruddha hai / vAhya abhyAsa se anuzAsana nahIM hotA / jaba sabake bhale meM manuSya apanA bhalA dekhatA hai to vaha zrAtma-anuzAsanakI vRddhi karatA hai aura isa mArga meM dRr3hatA se bar3hatA jAtA hai / anuzAsana vidhAyaka guraNa hai niSedhaparaka nahIM / isake dvArA mAnava zaktiyoM kA samucita upayoga hotA hai aura vaha lagana tathA dAyitva bhAvanA se prAplAvita ho jAtA hai / isake kAraNa vyaktigata tathA samaSTigata cetanAkI ekatA ho jAtI hai / isameM vivekakI hI pradhAnatA rahatI hai arthAt manuSya samajhatA hai ki jAtise kyA tAtparya hai, vividha paristhitiyoM dvArA puraskRta kaThinAiyoM, sthitiyoM tathA vibhinna vyaktiyoM meM se kise cunanA, aura apane nizcita Adarza tathA sulabha sAdhana sAmAgrIkA sAmaJjasya kaise karanA / buddhi tathA naitikatA kI anyonyarUpatAkA anuzAsana uttama dRSTAnta hai / sAmAjika mAnyatAeM, saMsthA kA uddezya tathA paristhitiyoMkA aisA spaSTa bodha honA cAhiye ki usakA jIvana meM upayoga ho sake / anuzAsanabaddha vyakti apanI yogyatAkA dAna karatA hai aura anAyAsa hI sAmAjika jIvanameM sadA naitikatAkA saMcAra karatA hai / Atma niyantraNa [ saMyama ] -- vyavahArika jIvana meM anuzAsanako hI saMyama kahate haiM / sAmAjika, Arthika, rAjanaitika jIvana meM unnata starakI naitikatAkI sRSTi karatA hai / yadi nAgarikoMmeM saMyama na ho to unake saMcAlaka niyama tathA prathAeM vyartha ho jAMyagI / kintu isakA vikAsa tathA poSaNa Avazyaka hai kyoMki 1 --- yadyapi yaha nAmakaraNa vaijJAnika nahIM hai / 140
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________________ jainAcAra tathA vizva-samasyAeM usa aArthika vyavasthAkA aAdhAra tathA poSaka saMyama hI ho gA jo vizvabharake prANiyoMkI kSema kuzalakI sthApanAkA kAraNa ho gaa| 5-aparigraha-- brahmacarya se jAta saMyama paMcama aNuvratako anivArya kara detA hai| aneka dRSTiyoMse aparigraha kI vyavasthA jainadharmakI apanI dena hai / bhogopabhogoMke honepara bhI zrAtma niyamana, pralobhanoMkA dArzanika tyAga, uthalepana tathA viSayAtirekase audAsInya hI to tara-tama rUpase aparigrahake lakSaNa haiN| lakSaNakAra AcAryoMne yahI kahA hai ki manuSya apanI vAhya vibhUtimeM ati zrAsakta na ho, aura pralobhanoMkI upekSA kare / manuSya jIvanakI AvazyakatA pUrtiyogya sampatti tathA sAdhana sAmagrI rakhe vAhya arjanameM Atma vismRta na ho jAya / aura pakSapAta, IrSyA, lobha, dambha, bhaya, ghRNA tathA laghutAkA tyAga kre| isa aNuvratakA pAlaka vyakti sampatti athavA sAmrAjyake lie ghRNita evaM vAsanAmaya pratiyogitA kadApi na karegA; jo ki vartamAna yugakI mahA vyAdhi hai aura aneka mahAna ApattiyoMkI jananI hai / isa vratake kAraNa honevAlI manovRtti vartamAna yugake lie atyanta Avazyaka hai kyoMki isIke dvArA niSThura evaM sarvagrAsI bhautika vAdakA nirodha saMbhava hai / vijJAnane utpAdana bar3hAyA hai tathA itastataH vastuoMkI atimAtrA bhI kara dI hai| aAjake udyogoM tathA vyApAroMne nagaroMkI sRSTi kI hai jahAM jIvanameM zIghrakAritA hI nahIM hai kRtrimatA bhI paryApta hai / manuSya aisI jar3a zaktiyoMkI pAzameM par3a gayA hai jinheM samajhanA use kaThina ho rahA hai / aAjake vyApaka roga arthAt mAnasika vikAra evaM aAMzika yA pUrNa zithilatA use dabAte hI jA rahe haiM / prazasta jIvanake lie saMgrAma ati kliSTa ho gayA hai aura usI tyAgake balapara lar3A jA sakatA hai jise paMcama aNuvrata sikhAtA hai / thor3ese dRSTibhedake sAtha hama ise 'samyak -vibhAjana-jJAna' athavA yogyatAoMkI prAmANikatAkA mApaka kaha sakate haiM / cAritrakI pUrNatA ukta vivecanase spaSTa hai ki aNuvrata anyonyAzrita tathA parasparameM pUrya-pUraka haiN| ekake AcaraNakA artha sabakA AcaraNa hotA hai tathA dUsaroMke vinA eka vyartha ho jAtA hai| ahiMsAkI pradhAnatA hai kyoMki yaha prazasta jIvanakA mUlAdhAra hai / jaina tathA bauddha dharmameM yaha mAnavatAse bhI vyApaka hai kyoMki isameM cetanamAtrakA antarbhAva hotA hai| saMyata jIvanakI ahiMsaka bhAva tathA dRSTi mUlakatA isakI paripUrNatAkA jIvita dRSTAnta hai| asteya tathA aparigraha ahiMsAke samAna zabdase hI niSedhAtmaka haiM vyavahArameM pUrNa rUpase vidhyAtmaka haiM / pAMcoM aNuvrata eka saMyata tathA AdhyAtmika jIvanako pUrNa banAte haiM jo ki pUrNa AtmotthAnakA sAdhaka tathA ananta zrAtmaguNoMkI satya zodhake anurUpa hotA hai| 141
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________________ jainadharmakI aora eka dRSTi zrI prA0 sItArAma jayarAma jozI, ema0 e0, sAhityAcArya ___eka samaya thA jaba mAnava samAjakI pragati dharma mUlaka thI / bhArata para bAharI AkramaNa rUke abhI pUrI zatI bhI nahIM vItI hai para yahAM dharma yA majahabake nAma para bar3e bar3e zrApasI jhagar3e ho cuke haiM aura abhI bhI usIke nAma para loga eka dUsarese apane durbhAvako prakaTa karate A rahe haiM / yaha huI mAnava samAjakI bhUlakI kathA / kintu isa saMsAra meM dharma kisa lie pravRtta huaA ? kyA usane manuSyake kalyANa saMpAdanake badale anartha hI khar3e kiye haiM ? aAdi prazna vicAraNIya haiM / dharmakI paribhASA,-- dharmakI yaha sundara vyAkhyA sabake lie mAnanIya hai ki dharma vaha hai jisake dvArA abhyudaya aura niHzreyasakA lAbha hotA hai, abhyudayameM dharma, artha aura kAma isa trivargakA samAveza hai| niHzreyasa yaha mokSakA apara paryAya hai / artha aura kAma yaha isa lokameM sarvAGgINa unnati ke mUla haiM; yadi ve donoM dharmake sAtha bilkula saMbaddha hoN| yahAM para thor3A vicAra karanA hogA ki dharmake bhItara abhyudaya aura abhyudayake antargata dharma yaha kaise saMbhava hai ? isakA uttara vicArane para yaha hogA ki ekahI 'dharma' zabda vyApaka tathA saMku. cita arthameM prayukta hai / vyApaka zabdakA artha hai 'manuSyakA carama lakSya, aura saMkucita arthameM dharma yuktAyukta vivekase saMbaddha hai| manuSyakA antima lakSya caturvarga puruSArtha prApti hai| usameM lokabhedase ihaloka aura paraloka mAne gaye haiN| jIva isa saMsArameM jaba taka manuSya dehako dhAraNakara vicaraNa kara rahA hai taba taka usakA jagata iha hai / maraneke bAdakA loka para hai| isalie yahAM para hama jo vivecanA kareMge vaha punarjanma va paraloka ko gRhIta mAnakara ho gI / jainadharma karma mUlaka paraloka tathA punarjanma mAnane vAloMmeM agraNI hai isalie yahAM para jo likha rahe haiM vaha usako mAnya hai hI, astu / sRSTicakra-- isa saMsArameM prANimAtrake lie atyanta Avazyaka tathA naisargika do puruSArtha haiM jo sabhIko abhISTa haiM aura sabhI una donoMko hRdayase cAhate haiM ve haiM 'artha aura kAma' / mAnava jagatkI pUrI koziza ina donoMke lie hai, thI aura rahegI / artha aura kAmake vinA jIvanakA eka kSaNabhI vIta nahIM sakatA / taba inakA svarUpa kyA hogA yaha nirdhAraNIya viSaya hai| isa sRSTimeM yA isa nisargameM yaha niyama svabhAvase hI anusyUta 142
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________________ jainadharmakI aora eka dRSTi hai ki padArtha mAtra eka dUsareke upakArake lie haiN| yaha bAta aAdhunika vijJAnane bhI siddha kI hai| vijJAna hameM batalA rahA hai ki vanaspati varga aura prANi varga paraspara upakAryopakAraka bhAvako rakhate haiM / nisargakI zuddha prANa vAyuko sevana kara prANigaNa usako gaMdI banAkara bAhara phekate haiM / isa gaMde vAyukA nAma pAzcAtya vijJAnameM kArbonika gaisa hai| isIkA sevana vanaspati karate haiM / usameM vidyamAna naitrojana nAma kI vAyu vanaspati vRddhi meM nitAnta Avazyaka hai / vanaspatimeM yaha dharma nisarga siddha hai ki ve naitrojanako pRthakkara usakA sevana karate haiM / aura pRthak-karaNake dvArA prANa vAyuko phira rihA kara dete haiM jo ki phira prANimAtrako sadAke lie kAmameM AtA hai yaha eka cakra hai jo nisargako ghaTanAmeM sadAke lie anutyUta hai| per3a apane phaloMkA upayoga apane lie nahIM karate haiM / bAdala samudrake khArA jalako lekara hajAra gunA mIThA pAnI jamIna para barasAte haiM / isa prakArakI nisarga racanAse hama kyA zikSA le sakate haiM ? svArtha tyAga tathA paropakAra eka canikake pAsa kuberakI saMpatti hai kevala itane hI se kyA, vaha sukhI hogA ? apaneko kRtakRtya mAna sakegA ? kadApi nahIM / usa dhanako yadi vaha apane zarIrakI tathA manakI icchAoMko tRpta karaneke lie kAmameM lAve aura isa prakAra kAma puruSArthakA lAbha karanekI koziza kare to dhanakA kucha upayoga jarUra huA / aba ye manakI icchAeM usakI jisa prakArakI hoM gI isapara usakA sukha nirbhara hogaa| udAtta icchA vaha mAnI gayI hai jisakA pratyeka nisarga hamAre sAmane maujUda hai| 'paropakArAya satAM vibhUtayaH' . sajjanoMke avatAra paropakArake lie hI haiM / 'santAH svayaM parahite vihitAbhi yogAH' sajjana svayaM apaneko dUsarekA hita karanemeM jotate haiM / ityAdi vacana udAtta dhyeyakedyotaka haiN| isa sAMsArika jIvanameM udAtta prakArakI jIvana yApanA prAcIna kAlasehI vaha mAnI gayI hai jisameM tyAga buddhi ho| isa prakArakI tyAga buddhiko rakhanevAle aura nibAhane vAle tyAgI arthAt 'santa' padase saMbodhita hote haiN| aise mahAn tyAgI puruSa sabhI dharmomeM vidyamAna haiM cAhe ve punarjanma aura paraloka mAne yA na mAne / jainadharmakA sAra tyAga isa tyAgameM jainadharmake siddhAnta aura Adeza agrasara haiM / balki jainadharma dRr3hatAke sAtha isa guNa ko saMpAdana karanekA Adeza sAgraha de rahA hai / inake cobIsa tIrthakaroMmeM tIna hameM itihAsa dvArA jJAta haiM aura tyAgake mUrtimAn pratIka haiM / tyAgakI ucca zreNI unake yahAM vahAM taka pahuMcI ki unako digambara rahanekA upadeza diyA / zarIrako daMza karanevAle mazaka, Adi kRmiyoMkA bhI nivAraNa hiMsAke bhayase niSiddha kiyA gayA / isa prakAra apane zarIrako kaSTa dekara bhI kSudra prANiyoMkI bhI hiMsA TAla dI gayI taba kAyika hiMsA vA vAcika aura mAnasika hiMsAke viSayameM kahanekA koI avasara hI nahIM hai| isa pravRttike mUlameM jo rahasya bharA huA hai vaha bahuta hI ucca darjekA hai / vaha yaha hai ki isa nazvara zarIrake dvArA anazvara tattvakA lAbha
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha kare jo saba prANimAtra meM vidyamAna hai / 'kRmikITakoM meM rahanevAlA caitanya tathA caitanya eka hai' yaha bhAvanA anyathA kisa prakAra dRr3ha ho sakatI hai ? yadi yaha to phira manuSyako icchA dehameM sImita hokara nahIM raha sakatI hai| usakI vAsanAeM jAyagI aura usa puruSako mokSa rUpI zreSTha puruSArthaM sukara tathA sulabha ho gA / jaina tapa, manuSya zarIrameM rahanevAlA bhAvanA dRr3ha ho jAya gI bilkula nirmUla ho usase adhika koI mahatvakI cIja kaSTa deMge jaba unako pUrA vizvAsa jainadharmakI tIsarI upAdeya vastu 'tapa' yA 'tapasyA hai| tapa arthAt zarIrako tapAnA arthAt kaSTa denA / zarIrako vRthA koI kaSTa na degA / dehakI upekSA tabhI hogI jaba vaisA karane se prApta hotI ho / vidyArthI vidyAlAbhake lie zarIrako tabhI hogA ki vaisA karanese ve apanA agalA jIvana sukhase vyatIta karane meM samartha hoM ge / svAdiSTha pakvAnna bhakSaNa karane kI icchA rakhanevAloMko rasoI banAnekA zArIrika kaSTa karanA hogaa| isa prakArake zarIra ko diye hue kabhI 'tapas' zabda se bodhita ho sakate haiN| khAsakara vidyArjanake lie kiye hue kaSTa yA kleza tapake bhItara Ate haiM / kintu tapa yA tapasyA inase bhI adhika mahattva ke lAbhoMkI ora saMketa kara rahA hai| lAbha vahI prazasta mAnA gayA hai jisakA phira nAza nahIM hotA vaha hai zAzvatika lAbha | zarIra ke bAharakI sabhI cIjeM cAhe ve kitanehI mahattvakI hoM-- jaise rAjyapada agAdha sampatti, apratihata sAmarthya, Adi jinakA antarbhAva putreSaNA, vitteSaNA aura lokeSaNA ina eSaNAtraya meM kiyA gayA hai / ye saba azAzvata haiM / sadA ke lie rahanevAle nahIM haiN| zAzvatika pada eka hai jisako prApta karane ke bAda prAptavya aisI koI cIja phira nahIM pratIta hotI / usIko zrAtyantika sukha kahate haiM / athavA jisake prApta karane se duHkhakA pUrNa abhAva ho jAtA hai / yahI sabhI dharmoM kA carama lakSya hai / aura isIkI prApti ke lie saMsArake sAre dharma pravRtta hue haiN| kisI dharmase isakI prApti derIse hotA ho aura kisIke dvArA zIghra / jaba carama lakSya isa prakAra eka hai to vahAM pahuMcaneke mArgoMke lie jhagar3A macAnA yaha zuddha bhUla hai| jitane zIghra isa bhUlako sudhAreM utanA hI dhika zreyaskara hai | ratnatraya hI sAdhyaH - inhIM tIna bAtoMko jIvana yApanake pradhAna sAdhana mAnakara jainadharma batalA rahA hai ki isa zAdhatika sukha athavA nizreyaskI prApti samyagjJAna sabhyag darzana aura samyak cAritra ke abhyAsake dvArA kara le / kisa dharma ke lie ye bAteM upAdeya nahIM haiM / mAnava samAja ke dharmakA carama lakSya jaba taka yaha thA taba taka mAna kA mArga unnata rahA aura sAtha sAtha sukha samRddhi rahI / jabase mAnava isa carama lakSyase cyuta hokara mAnava svabhAva meM rahanevAle dveSa, lobha, matsara dise abhibhUta hue aura krodha madAdikake sahAyatA se carama lakSya ke 144
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________________ jainadharmakI aora eka dRSTi saMpAdanameM sAdhanIbhUta upAyoMke lie jhagar3ane lage tabhIse dharmayuddhakA bIja boyA gyaa| jisakA phala mahAbhAratAdi yuddhase lekara isa bIsavIM sadIke do mahAyuddhoM taka pariNata huaA / inhI bAtoM para pUrNa vicAra kara mahAtmA gAMdhI dRr3ha vizvAsase kahate the ki satya, ahiMsA aura samatA dvArA hI saMsArameM zAMti sthApita ho gI aura usakA saMpAdana tyAga aura tapasyAke dvArA hI hogA / na ki pAzavI balake prayogase | kauna nahIM kahatA ki isa mArga meM jainadharma aura bauddhadharma donoM agrasara haiN| aura kauna sA dharma nahIM hai jo ise nahIM mAne gA yadi usake anuyAyI mAnavIya svArtha vaza hokara saMsArake kalyANa kI ora dRSTi na deN| dhArmikatA kA punarutthAna, ___ sArA saMsAra triguNAtmaka hai / yadi hama kaheM ki saMsArase rajojuNa aura tamoguNa ko miTA deMge to hamArA yaha kathana vivekase kosoM dUra rahe gA / hAM; itanA saMbhavaprAya hai ki yadi athaka koziza kareM to sattvaguNa samRddha hokara anya donoM ko abhibhUta kre| yaha jaba hogA tabhI vizvameM zAnti sthApita ho gI / pAzavI balake prayogase Aja taka saMsAra kA kalyANa kabhI na huaA hai; na aAge hogaa| isase yahAM para yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki niHzreyaske saMpAdanameM abhyudayase hAtha dho baiTheM / ye donoM paraspara sambaddha haiM / vinA sacce abhyudayake niHzreyaskI kalpanA hI vRthA hai / jainadharma karatA hai, tyAga tabhI saMbhava hai jaba pAsameM pUjI ho / abhyudaya rUpI pUjI paryApta pramANameM rahaneke bAda hI niHzreyas kI carcA ho sakatI hai| abhyudayameM pradhAna artha aura kAma haiM / unakA saMpAdana dharmake sAtha honA caahie| aura isa vidhi calAne vAle prabhAvazAlI puruSa adhikase adhika isa saMsAra meM utpanna hoM ge tabhI isakA uddhAra hogaa| isa samaya isI ceSTA kI parama avazyakatA hai / aura hama vizvAsake sAtha kaha sakate haiM ki jainadharma isa kAryameM parama sahAyaka hogA aura hai| mAnavatAke kalyANake lie mahAtmA gAMdhIke sadRza hajAroM vyaktiyoM kI AvazyakatA hai / paraMtu usake lie kaThina tapasyA kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai / jisapara sabase adhika jora jainadharma hI diyA hai| 145
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________________ vedanIya karma aura parISara zrI paM:, indra candra zAstrI, nyAyatIrtha ___tattvArtha sUtrameM sAta tattvoMkA varNana kiyA gayA hai| mumukSu prANiyoMko sAta tattvoMkA bodha honA Avazyaka hai / tatvoMkA varNana karate hue umAtvAmIne tattvArthasUtrake nauveM adhyAyameM saMvara tattvakA varNana karate hue gupti samiti-dharma-anuprekSA parISahajaya, aAdiko saMvarameM kAraNa batAyA hai / zrAsravakA nirodha karanA hI saMvara hai aura nirodha na hone para zrAsrava hotA hai / arthAt parISahajaya saMvarakA kAraNa hai; isase viparIta parISaha zrAsravameM kAraNa hai / 'zrAsrava nirodhaH saMvaraH' isa sUtrakI vyAkhyA zrI siddhasena gaNIne nimna prakAra kI hai|| 'kAyAdayastrayaH indriyakaSAyA'vratakriyAzca paJcacatuH paJcapaJcavizaMtiH saMkhyA teSAM nirodhaH sNvrH|" arthAt yoga, indriya, kaSAya, avata, kriyAeM AsravameM kAraNa haiM / isakA nirodha karanA saMvara hai / saMvara kaise hotA hai ? isake lie 'sa gupti-samiti-dharmAnuprekSA-parISahajayacaritraiH' sUtrakA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / isa sUtrakramase spaSTa jJAta hotA hai, ki yoga, Adi aAsravake kAraNoMke virodhI gupti, samiti Adi haiM / ataH parISahako zrAsravameM aura parISahajayako saMvarameM kAraNa mAnanA ucita hai| zrAsravase baMdha hotA hai baMdhakA kAraNa mohanIya karma hai| ataH parISahako zrAsravameM kAraNa mAnane para mohanIya kA sAhacarya zrAvazyaka hai / vinA mohanIyake parISaha-aAsrava aura baMdhameM kAraNa nahIM ho sktiiN| parIpahakA lakSaNa-- "parIti samantAt svahetubhirudIritA mArgAcyavananirjarArthasAdhvAdibhiH sahyanta iti parISahaH / " 'samantAdApatitAH kSutpipAsAdayaH sahyanta iti priiphH|' (taHvAdhigama A0 9 mU0 2) parISahake ina lakSaNoM meM samante' isa padase jJAta hotA hai ki parISaha klezarUpa haiN| usa klezake anubhavako "sahana karanA" padase prakaTa kiyA hai / 'sahana karanA" zabdakA prayoga usI sthAna para kiyA jAtA hai jahAM duHkharUpa kleza hotA hai, jahAM kSudhA, adi klezarUpa nahIM vahAM sahana karanA zabda nirarthaka hI hogA / jaba kucha hai hI nahIM to sahana kisakA kiyA jAya ? pArISahase kleza rUpa pariNAma hote haiM / una saMkleza pariNAmoM para jaba vijaya kara lI jAtI hai, taba vaha parISahajaya kahalAtI hai aura vahI
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________________ vedanIya karma aura parISaha saMvarakA kAraNa hai / jabataka saMkleza rUpa pariNAma rahate haiM, taba taka parISaha hai, aura tabhI taka Ava hotA hai | saMkleza rUpa pariNAmoM para vijaya honese saMvara hotA hai / ataH kSudhAjanya bAdhA vA saMkleza pariNAmako kSudhA parIpada kahate haiM / kSudhAkA saMbaMdha vedanIyase hai, bAdhA jo ki duHkha rUpa hai, usakA saMbaMdha mohanIyase hai | ataH vedanIya aura mohanIya donoM kamase kSudhA parISada ho sakatI hai / daare aura mohanIyakA saMbaMdha "ghAdiva vedaNoyaM mohassa valena ghAdade jIyaM / " - karmakANDa arthAt -- vedanIyakarma mohanIyake balase ghAtiyA karmoMkI taraha jIvoM ke guNoMkA ghAta karatA hai / kSudhA kI bAdhA bAdhA vedanIyakA kAma nahIM ho sakatA / use mohanIyakI apekSAkI zrAvazyakatA hai / yadi duHkha ra sukha rUpa vedana kevala vedanIyakA ho kArya mAnA jAya to vedanoyako jIva vipAkI hone ke kAraNa ghAtiyA karma svIkAra karanA cAhiye / jIva vipAkI honese vedanIyakA phala mohanIyake prabhAvameM bhI jIva avazya hogA aura duHkharUpa vedana jIvameM honese jIvake guNoM kA ghAta bhI avazya honA cAhiye / duHkha rUpa vedana ho aura guNoMkA ghAta na ho yaha kaise saMbhava ho sakatA hai | vedanIyameM jIvake guNoM ko dhAtakI yA sukha duHkha vedanako zakti mohanIya karmake hI kAraNa hai / mohanIyake prabhAvameM vaha zakti se rahita ho jAtA hai / 'kSapitAzeSaghAtikarmatvAnnirAktIkRtavedanoyatvAt / --catrala| TI.khaM0 1 pR0 191 | I dhavalA ke isa prakaraNa se jJAta hotA hai ki vedanIya karma svataMtra sukha duHkha rUpa vedanakI zakti se rahita hotA hai / vedanIya karma apanI phaladAyinI zakti meM sarvathA svataMtra nahIM hai / jina aghAtiyA karmoko phala denemeM ghAtiyA karmoM kI apekSA rahatI hai, ve ghAtiyA karmoM ke naSTa ho jAnepara apanI phala dAyinI zaktise rahita ho jAte haiM / nAmakarma zraghAtiyA karma hai, nAmakarma ke udayase indriyoMkI racanA hotI hai / indriyAM apane vyApAra meM vIryAntarAya aura jJAnA varaNake kSayopazamakI apekSA rakhatI haiM / jaba taka vIryAntarAya aura jJAnAvaraNakA kSayopazama nahIM hotA taba taka indriyAM kArya nahIM kara sakatIM / jJAnAvaraNa aura aMtarAyake kSaya ho jAnepara indriyoMkA koI vyApAra yA phala nahIM hotA hai / unakA astitva nahIM ke barAbara hai / kevalI avasthA meM indriyoMkA koI phala nahI hai / ataH mohanIya karmake abhAva meM vedanIya karma zakti rahita ho jAneke kAraNa phaladAyaka nahIM hotA / kevalI avatthAmeM vedanIyakA astitva dravyendriyakI taraha nAma mAtra ke lie raha jAtA hai / rAjavArttikameM kalaMkadevane vedanIya aura mohanIya ke kramakA kAraNa batAte hue vedanIyako jJAna darzana guNakA vyabhicArI batAyA hai| aura mohanIyako virodhI batAyA hai / isakA kAraNa maiM pahile likha cukA hUM ki mohanIyake bala se vedanIya karma sukha duHkhakI vedanA karA sakatA hai / isase yaha bAta 147
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha hotI hai ki jaba vedanIya mohanIyakA sahacArI rahatA hai usa samaya vaha apane kAryameM vyApAra karatA 6, aura jJAnAdi guNakAghAta karatA hai / mohanIyake abhAva meM vedanIya apane kAryameM vyApAra nahIM karatA isIlie vaha jJAnAdi guNakA vyabhicArI hai / isakA kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki vedanIya mohanIyake kAraNa hI jIva vipAkI kahalAtA 1 karmakANDa meM uttara prakRtiyoMko jIva- vipAkI batAyA hai usameM vedanIyakI sattA aura asAtA bhI jIva vipAkI haiN| ina jIva vipAkI prakRtiyoMke udayase inakA phala jIvameM par3atA hai| ataH jIvake caudayika bhAvoM meM sAtA sAtA ko bhI sammilita kiyA gayA hai yA nahIM ? yaha vicAraNIya haiN| umAsvAmIne dayika bhAvoMke bheda ginAte hue "gati kaSAya liMga mithyAdarzanAjJAnAsaMyatA sidva lezyAzcatuzcaturathye kai kai kai - kaSaT bhedA: " sUtrakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa sUtra meM ginAye hue ikasa bhAva hI auaudayika hote haiM / yaha mAnyatA zvetAmbarauMko bhI mAnya hai / ina ikkIsa audayika bhAvoMmeM vedanIyake sAtA sAtA rUpa sukha duHkhako zAmila nahIM kiyA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki sukha duHkha rUpa pariNAma jaba jIva vipAkI hote haiM taba mohanIyake kAraNa kaSAya rUpa hI hote haiN| kaSAyake abhAva meM vedanIyakA asara jIvameM nahIM par3atA / isIlie vedanIyako jJAna darzanAdi guNakA zravyabhicArI aura mohanIyako bAdhaka batAyA hai / isase yaha bhI siddha ho jAtA hai ki kSudhAdi parISahoM meM vedanIya aura mohanIya donoMkA sAhacarya hai / kevala vedanIyase parISada nahIM ho sakatI / vedanIyakA lakSaNa -- "akkhANaM aNubhavaNaM veyaNiyaM suhasaruvayaM sAdaM / dukhasaruva masAdaM vaM vedayadIdi vedaNiyaM || " go0 da0 14 zvetAmbara AcArya bhI indriyajanya sukha duHkhako vedanIyake kAraNa mAnate haiM / vedanIya janya sukha duHkhakI vedanAkA prabhAva indriyoM ke dvArA hI hotA hai | vedanIya janya sukha duHkha vAstava meM indriyoM kA hI sukha duHkha kahA jAtA hai / indriya sukhake nAmase hI isakA vyavahAra hotA hai / jisa indriyakA bhAva hogA usa indriyajanya sukha duHkhakA bhI prabhAva usameM pAyA jAnA caahiye| jahAM kisI bhI indriyaanindriyakA vyApAra nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, vahAM usa sambandhI sukha duHkha nahIM pAyA jaataa| vahAM vedanIyake prabhAvase sukha duHkhakA vedana kisI bhI taraha se saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotA hai| isalie jahAM indriyoMke vyApArakA astitva hai aura mohanIya karma vidyamAna hai vahIM parISahakI paribhASA ghaTa sakatI hai| jahAM mohanIyakA sadbhAva nahIM hai vahAM pariSahakA sadbhAva kalpanA mAtra hai / yaha bhI saMbhava nahIM ki mohanIya ke abhAva meM zuddha vedanIyakA kArya sAtA sAtA rUpa raha ske| yaha maiM pahile likha cukA hUM ki vedanIya jIva - vipAkI hai aura usakA phala jIvameM par3anA cAhiye / 148
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________________ vedanIya karma aura parISaha kSudhA, zrAdi ananta balako virodhI haiM / kSudhAse ananta balameM bAdhA anivArya hai ataH hama vedanIyakA phala mohanIyake abhAvameM sakriya kisI bhI taraha nahIM mAna sakate / kSudhAkI vedanA ho aura jIvameM usakA phala na ho yaha saMbhava nahIM hai| yadi jIvameM phala svIkAra karate haiM to kSudhA kA kArya ananta balameM bAdhA hotA hai, vaha bhI mAnanA par3egA, aisA mAnane para virodha AtA hai| ataH mohanIyake vinA na to vedanIya kI prakRtiyAM jIva vipAkI hotI haiM aura na parISahameM hI kAraNa hotI haiM / vAstavameM parISaha zabda hI mohanIyake sAhacarya kA dyotaka hai / pariSahakA sambandha kevalIse nahIM hai-- isake sAtha yaha bhI vicAranA cahiye ki umAsvAmI ne saMvarake bheda pratipAdana karate hue'sa gupti samiti dharmAnuprekSA pariSahajaya cAritraiH / ' sUtra kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa saMvarake prakaraNameM gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSAkI apekSA kevalIke nahIM hai, aMtararAyake kSaya ho jAnese ananta balake sadbhAvase pariSaha jaya karane kA prazna nahIM hai| dUsarA sUtra hai 'mArgAcyavana nirjarArthaM' pariSoDhavyAH priisshaaH|' isa sUtrameM parISaha kyoM sahana karanA cAhiye, isake do kAraNa batAye haiM / 1saMvarake mArgase cyuta na honeke lie 2-nirjarAke lie parISaha sahana karanA cAhiye / parISaha sahana karaneke lie ina donoM kAraNoMkI kevalImeM koI apekSA nahIM hai / saMvarake mArgase vyuta hone kA to vahAM prazna hI nahIM hai| nirjarA bhI kevalIke parISaha jayase nahIM hotI hai| ataH parISaha jayakA jo varNana kiyA gayA hai vaha kevalI kI apekSAse nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / pariSahoMkA karmoM ke anusAra vibhAjana karate hue sAmAnya rUpase vedanIya karma kI apekSAse kucha varNana kiyA gayA hai| pUrvApara saMbaMdhakI apekSA usakA jo vizeSArtha kiyA jAtA hai, usa artha ko khoMcAtAnI kA artha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| isake sAtha yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki yataH parISahoM kA saMbandha asAtA vedanIya se hai, ataH asAtA vedanIyakA udaya kevalI avasthAmeM kAryakArI ho sakatA hai yA nahIM ? asAtA-vedanIyake udayako saphala banAnemeM aMtarAya karmake udayakI bhI AvazyakatA hotI hai / yadi asAtA kA udaya ho aura kisI tarahakA aMtarAya upasthita na ho to usa asAtAkA koI asara nahIM ho sakatA / asAtA aMtarAyakI upasthitimeM hI kAryakArI hotA hai, kiMtu aMtarAyake kSaya ho jAne para asAtA udayakA koI vAstavika asara nahIM ho sakatA / kevalIke aMtarAyakA pUrNa kSaya ho cukA hai, phira vahAM asAtAvedanIya janya kSudhA, Adi parISaha rUpameM kaise kAryakArI ho sakatI haiM ? paripahoMkA karmoMse sambandha-- ____ tattvArtha sUtrake navameM adhyAyake navameM sUtrameM bAIsa parISahoMkA varNana hai, isake vAda 10,11,12 ina tIna sUtroMmeM kina kina guNasthAnoMmeM kauna kaunasI parISaha ho sakatI haiM, yaha batalAyA gayA hai| 13 se 149
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha 16 veM sUtra taka karmoM ke sAtha parISahoMke vibhAjanameM dUsare karmoMkA sambandha rahane para bhI sahAyaka karmako vibhAjanameM sthAna nahIM diyA gayA / jisa karmakA jo kArya hai, usakI mukhyatA lekara hI parISahoMkA vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai / koI bhI parISaha kevala kisI eka karmakA phala nahIM ho sktii| pratyeka parISahake sAtha asAtA vedanIyakA udaya honA Avazyaka hai| jaba taka asAtA vedanIyakA udaya na hogA taba taka parISahake kAraNa bhI upasthita na hoM ge| isake lie antarAya bhI a-vinAbhAvI hai| asAtAkA udaya honepara bhI yadi mohanIyakA udaya na hogA taba taka dukha rUpa anubhava bhI na hogA aura dukha rUpa anubhavake na honepara usake sahanekA prazna hI nahIM uTha sakatA / phira parISahakI kalpanA hI nirarthaka ho gI / ataH pratyeka parISaha ke honepara ina karmokI apekSA Avazyaka hai| ina kaukA parISahoMse sambandha kahIM sahAyaka rUpase aura kahIM mukhya rUpase varNana kiyA jAtA hai / kisI karmakI mukhyatA lekara usa karmase itanI parISaha hotI hai, aisA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 'cudAdayo'darzanAntAH pratyakSIkRtA dvAviMzatiriti na nyUnA nAdhikAH kSamAdi dazalakSaNakasya dharmasya vighna hetavaH-antarAyakAraNabhUtAH / kecid rAgAdudayamApAdayanti kecidveSAditi, ataH sarva evaite prAduSyantaH samApatitAH samantAt pariSoDhavyAH bhvntiiti|" -tatvArthA TIkA pR0 229 / arthAt kSudhA parISahase lagAkara pradarzana parISaha taka na eka kama na eka jyAdA pUrI bAIsa pariSaha kSamAdi daza lakSaNa dharmake vighnameM kAraNa haiM / antarAyake kAraNabhUta haiN| ina bAIsa parISahoMmeM se kucha to rAgake udayase hotI haiM aura kucha dvapake udayase hotI haiM isalie ye saba bAIsa pariSaha joki cAroM taraphase aAtI haiM, ve saba sahanIya haiM ! __ zvetAmbara zrAcAryakI isa TIkAse jJAta hotA hai, ki ve pUrI bAIsa parISahAMko kSamAdi daza lakSaNadharmameM vighna kAraka mAnate haiM / sAtha hI mohanIyakA udaya bhI zrAvazyaka batAte haiM / isalie yaha kabhI saMbhava nahIM ho sakatA ki kevala vedanIyake udayase parISaha kAryarUpameM pariNata ho sake / yahAM para "pariSoDhavyA bhavanti" isa padase aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai, ki ye pariSaha sahanIya hotI haiM / pahile yaha likha cukA hUM ki mohanIyakA udaya parISahoMmeM Avazyaka hai, aura sukha dukhakA anubhava mohanIya karmase hotA hai, isalie parISahoMko sahanIya zabdase yukta kiyA gayA hai| parISahajaya zabda hI vedanIyake sAtha mohanIyakA dyotaka hai ? zvetAmbara aAmnAyameM svopajJa bhASyakI mAnyatA hai / ete dvAviMzati dharmavighnahetavo yathokta prayojanAbhi sandhAyarAgadveSau nihatya pariSor3havyA bhavanti / " -khopazabhA ya pRTa 229 / yahAM para "rAgadveSau nihatya pariSoDhavyA" isa padase spaSTa jJAta hotA hai, ki parISaha jaya rAga aura dveSako vijaya karanese hotA hai| parISaha jayakI yahI prakriyA hai / isI bhASyakI TIkAmeM zvetAmbara 150
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________________ vedanIya karma aura parISaha prAcArya ne svIkAra kiyA hai, ki kucha parISaha rAgake aura kucha dveSake udaya honese hotI haiM / yadi kevala vedanIya karmase terahaveM guNasthAnameM parISaha mAnI jAya to phira pariSaha jayakI vahAM sambhAvanA hI nahIM rahe gii| asAtAkA udaya honese asAtA janya parISaha barAbara phala detI rahe gii| una parISahoM para vijaya karanekA yahAM koI sAdhana nahIM hai| ataH kevalI avasthAmeM pariSaha jayakI saMbhAvanA hI nahIM mAnanA caahie| phalitArtha zvetAmbara tathA digambara donoM sampradAyoMke prAcAryoMne parISahake Ane para rAga dveSako dUra karanA hI pariSaha jaya kahA hai / terahaveM guNasthAnameM rAga dveSakA sarvathA abhAva hotA hai / ataH kevalI avasthAmeM vedanIya karma rahane para bhI pariSahoMkI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotii| RBHA POAD 151
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________________ ahiMsAkI sAdhanA zrI daulata rAma 'mitra' __ jo jitane kSetrameM sthita prANiyoMko sukha pahuMcA sake vaha utane kSetrakA zAsaka samajhA jAtA hai, isa dRSTi se vicAra karane para vizvakA zAsaka vaha ho sakatA hai, jo vizvameM sthita prANimAtrako sukha pahuMcA sake / sArAMza yaha hai ki saMsArI ( bhautika jIvana baddha duHkhI ) prANiyoMko sukha rUpa cAra puruSArtha (dharma, artha, kAma-tathA mokSa ) prApta karanA hai / inameM se dharma, artha tathA kAma ye tIna puruSArtha ( bhautika jIvana saMbaMdhI sukha ) to surAjyakI zAsana nItike dvArA bhI prApta ho sakate haiM 1 kiMtu cauthA nahIM / ataeva aMtima parama puruSArtha mokSa ( sadAke lie daHkhamakti ) hai, vaha jisakI zAsana nItike dvArA prApta ho sake, vizvakA zAsaka vahI ho sakatA hai ! vaha kauna hai ? vaha hai-vItarAgatA, sarvajJatA aura hitopadezitA / ina tIna vizeSatAoMkA dhAraka jinadeva aura unakI zAsana-nIti-saMskRti hai ahiMsAkI sAdhanA / jo ki prANimAtrako vartamAna jIvanameM pArasparika abhayadAna detI huI aMtameM mokSa prApta karA detI hai / ____aMtima jinadeva zrI varddhamAna mahAvIrane aAjase 2500 varSa pUrva zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadAko rAjagRhI ( bihAra ) meM bhavya jIvoMko isI ahiMsAkI sAdhanAkA upadeza diyA thaa| satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, aparigraha, ye saba ahiMsAkI sAdhanAke bheda haiM / 4 vRta, saMyama, dharma, nivRtti, cAritra, ye saba ahiMsAkI sAdhanAke nAmAMtara haiN|" mokSa icchukoMko ahiMsAkA samyak jJAna prApta karake yathAzakti ahiMsAkI sAdhanA karake mokSamArga para laganA caahiye| 1. "dharmArtha kAmaphalAya rAjyAya namaH " (nIti vAkyAmRta 17 somadevamUri) 2. "mokSamArgasya nettAraM bhettAraM karmabhUbhRtAm / jJAtAra vizvatatvAnAM vaMde tadguNa labdhaye // " ( tatvArthasUtra umAsvAmi ) 3. "saskRtikA phala hai kisI nirdiSTa mArga para saralatAse jA sakanekI yonyatAkA prApta ho jAnA / saMskRti 'su' aura . 'ku' donoM prakArakI ho sakatI hai / su-saMskRti sumArga para le jAya gI aura ku-saMskRti kumArga para le jAya gii| saMskAra, hRdayakI tanmayatA-jIvana vyavahAra, ye saba saMskRtike rUpa hai|" (le0) 4 Atma pariNAma hiMsana, hetutvAtsarvameva hiMsaitat / anRta vacanAdi kevalamudAhRtaM ziSyabodhAya // " (pu. si. 42) 5 paMcAdhyAyI 2, zlo. 755-58 / 764-65 / 152
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________________ ahiMsAkI sAdhanA aba prazna hotA hai ki kyA ahiMsAkI sAdhanA zakya hai yA azakya ? kyoMki saMsArI jIvoMke dvArA hiMsA to anivArya hai, kahA hai, "aisI koI bhI kriyA nahIM jisameM hiMsA na hotI ho / ' "saMsArameM vaha kauna hai jisane pApa (hiMsA) na kiyA ho ? jisane pApa na kiyA vaha kisa taraha jiyA, yaha to batAyo 12 kintu aisA nahIM hai ki saMsArI jIvoMke dvArA ahiMsAkI sAdhanA ekadama asaMbhava hai / yadi aisA hotA to saMsArI jIvoMkA mukta honA asaMbhava ho jAtA tathA kyoM sAdhanAke balapara gAMdhIjo usI niSkarSa para pahuMcate jise jainAcAryoMne pukAra pukAra kara kahA thA / tathA jaisA ki unake nimna kathanase spaSTa hai - "agara ahiMsA dharma saccA dharma hai to hara taraha vyavahArameM usakA AcaraNa karanA bhUla nahIM balki kartavya hai / vyavahAra aura dharmake bIca virodha nahIM honA cAhiye / dharmakA virodhI vyavahAra chor3a dene yogya hai / saba samaya saba jagaha sampUrNa ahiMsA saMbhava nahIM, yoM kahakara ahiMsAko eka aora rakha denA hiMsA hai, moha hai, ajJAna hai| saccA puruSArtha isameM hai ki hamArA AcaraNa sadA ahiMsAke anusAra ho / isa taraha AcaraNa karane vAlA manuSya aMtameM paramapada (mokSa) prApta kare gaa| kyoMki vaha saMpUrNatayA ahiMsAkA pa.lana karane yogya bane gA / aura yoM to dehadhArIke lie saMpUrNa ahiMsA bIjarUpa hI rahe gii| dehadhAraNake mUlameM hiMsA hai| isI kAraNa dehadhArIke pAlane yogya dharmakA sUcaka zabda niSedhavAcaka "a-hiMsA" ke rUpameM prakaTa huaA hai|" "bezaka kisI na kisI prANIkI kisI na kisI rUpameM hiMsA to anivArya hai / jIva jIvoM para jIte haiM isalie aura mahaja isI lie bar3e bar3e dRSTAnoMne usa sthitiko mokSa kahA hai jisameM jIva zarIrase mukta ho,--usa zarIrase jisakA pAlana-saMvardhana karaneke liye hatyA yA hiMsA anivArya hotI hai / phira bhI manuSyake lie isI zarIrameM rahate hue usa padakI zrAzA karanA asaMbhava bhI nahIM, yadi bahu hiMsAkI mAtrA ghaTAkara kamase kama kara de / vaha jitanA hI jAnabUjhakara tathA buddhi pUrvaka apane zrApako aisI hiMsAse dUra rakkhe gA jisameM apane nirvAhake lie dUsare prANiyoMkI hatyA hotI ho, utanA hI paramapada (mokSa) ke najadIka ho gA / sambhava hai manuSya jAti aisA jIvana pasaMda na karegI jisameM kucha bhI AkarSaNa (pravRtti ) na dikhAyI de, parantu isase ukta kathanako bAdhA nahIM pahuMcatI / ve loga jo ki pUrNataH aisA nisvArtha jIvana vyatIta kara rahe haiM, aura prANimAtrake prati karuNAmaya vyavahAra karate haiM, hameM aAtmAke paramapada (mokSa) kA mAhAtmya samajhanemeM sahAyatA karate haiM / ve manuSya jAtiko UMcA uThAte haiM aura usake Adarza pathako bhAlokita karate haiN|" 1 "sAkriyA kA'pi nAstIha yasyAM hiMsA na vidyate" (yazastilaka caM0 uttarArdha pR0 335) 2 "nAkaradAha gunAhadara jahAM kIsta bigI / AM kasakiM gunAha na karda cUjasti vigI / / " 153 20
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha "jIva to sarvatra bhare hue haiM aisI dazAmeM yadi bhAvoMke Upara baMdha aura mokSa nirbhara na hotA to * kauna kahAM rahakara mokSako prApta karatA ?'1 _ "yadi rAga dveSAdi pariNAma na ho, AcaraNa yatnapUrvaka ho, to kevala prANa pIDanase hiMsA nahIM ho sakatI hai, athavA koI hiMsaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / "2 "yadi zuddha pariNAma vAle jIvako bhI kevala dravya ( zarIra dvArA hone vAlI) hiMsAke saMbaMdhase pApakA bhAgI mAnA jAvegA to koI ahiMsaka bana hI nahIM skegaa|"3 "sUkSma jIva to pIDita nahIM kiye jA sakate, aura sthUla jIvoMmeM se jinakI rakSA kI jA sakatI hai, kI jAtI hai| phira saMyamIko hiMsAkA pApa kaise laga sakatA hai ? arthAt nahIM hI lagatA hai "4 ___"jIvoMkA ghAta na karatA huzrA bhI adhika pApI ( hiMsaka ) hotA hai aura jIvoMkA ghAta karatA huaA bhI nyUna pApI hotA hai, yaha kevala saMkalpakA phala hai, jaise dhIvara aura kisAna / "5 ita bAtoMparase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki-saMsArI jIvoMke dvArA ahiMsAkI sAdhanA saMbhava hai| ahiMsAke sAdhakoMkI yogyatA ahiMsAke sAdhaka do tarahake haiM, eka 'aNu' sAdhaka dUsare 'mahA' sAdhaka / aNu-sAdhaka saMjJI paceMdrI pazu tathA manuSya donoM hI ho sakate haiM aura mahA-sAdhaka sirpha manuSya ho sakate haiM / jJAna-saMhanana -- manuSyake pAsa do upAdAna zaktiyAM haiM eka jJAna dUsarI saMhanana / basa inhIM do zaktiyoMke balapara manuSya hiMsA yA ahiMsAkA sAdhaka banatA hai| jaise 1-jisakA jJAna ( dRSTi vijJAna) asamyak hogA aura saMhanana uttama na hogA vaha hiMsAkA aNu sAdhaka hogaa| 1 "vizvagjIva cite loke kva caran ko'pyamokSata / bhAvaikasAdhana badhamojhI cennAbhaviSyatAm / " (sAgAra dha0 4, 23 ) / 2 "yuktAcaraNasya sato rAgadyAvezamantaregApi / na hi bhavatu jAtu hiMsA prANavyayaropaNAdeva // " (pu. si. 45) 3 "jai suddhassa ya baMdho ho hidi vhirgvtthujoenn| Natthadu ahiMsago NAma vAu-kAyAdiyadha hedU / " 4 "mUkSmA na pratipIDya te prANinaH sthUlamUrtayaH / ye zakyAste vivaya'nte kA hiMsA saMyatAtmanaH / " (ta. japA0 ) 5 "anannapi bhavetyApI nighnannapi na pApa bhAva / abhidhyAnaviSeNa yathA dhIvarakarSakI / " (yaza. canp. ) 6. zArIrika saMgaThana 154
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________________ ahiMsAkI sAdhanA 2.jisakA jJAna asamyaka hogA bara saMhanana uttama hogA vaha hiMsAkA mahA sAdhaka hogaa| 3-jisakA jJAna samyak hogA aura saMhanana uttama na hogA vaha ahiMsAkA aNu sAdhaka (upAsaka) hogaa| 4--jisakA jJAna samyaka hogA aura saMhanana uttama hogA vaha ahiMsAkA mahA sAdhaka hogaa| vAstavameM to hiMsA yA ahiMsAke sAdhaka manuSyake pAsa mukhya zakti eka 'uttama saMhanana" hai| jise dUsare zabdoMmeM zUrattva yA vIratva kahate haiM / ataeva kahA hai "je kamme sUrA te dhamme sUrA" arthAt hiMsA-pravRtti-meM jo zUravIra ho sakate haiM ve hI ahiMsAnivRtti-dharma-meM zUravIra ho sakate haiM / ''jinateM ghara mAhiM kachU na banyotinate banamAhiM kahA banihaiM ?" "kareM vaha karma gara to pahuMca jAve sAtameM doz2akha / kareM sada karma pAveM mokSa, zUrA isako kahate haiM / " (daulatarAma mitra) "dekhI hisTarI isa bAtakA kAmila yakIM paayaa| jise maranA nahIM pAyA use jInA nahIM pAyA // " "hiMsA karanekA pUrA sAmarthya rakhate hue bhI jo svecchAse-prema bhAvase-hiMsA nahIM karatA hai vahI ahiMsA dharma pAlana karane meM samartha hotA hai / "Darakara jo hiMsA nahIM karatA hai vaha to hiMsAkara hI cukA hai| cUhA billIke prati ahiMsaka nahIM hai, usakA mana billIkI hiMsA niraMtara karatA rahatA hai|" (mahAtmA gAMdhI) "zUra vahI hai jisakI chAtImeM ghAva ho, pIThameM nahIM / arthAt jo maidAne jaMgase bhAgA na ho|" "bhAga nikalanekI-suvidhA-hote hue bhI jo chAtI tAnakara zatruke sAmane khar3A rahe vaha zUravIra hai|" kiMtu isa viSayameM eka bAta jAna lenA atyaMta jarUrI hai ki samyak jJAna aura uttama saMhanana ( zUra vIratA ) ye donoM bala hote hue bhI yadi manuSyakI paristhiti anukUla nahIM hai, jaise-manuSya yadi dUsare vyaktiyoMkA aAzraya dAtA hai, kuTumbI hai yA rAjA hai to, vaha ahiMsAkA mahAna sAdhaka nahIM ho sake gA / balki vaha kabhI kabhI rakSArtha anicchApUrvaka hiMsA karatA huzrA bhI dikhAyI de gA / phira bhI 1 paMcAdhyAyI 2, 273.564 / 2 pacAdhyAyI 2 ilo 809 tathA 819 / uttara purANa ilo0419-20 155
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vaha anivArya hiMsAko ahiMsA aura zrApaddharmako dharma nahIM maanegaa|' astu, isa prakAra ahiMsA vratake aura usake sAdhaka janake do, do bheda ho jAte haiMahiMsAke do bheda--4 1 sarva deza ( sakala--samagra-mahA ) ahiMsA / 2 ekadeza (vikala-asamagra--aNu) ahiMsA / ahiMsA sAdhaka jana ke do bheda-- 1 sarvadeza ahiMsA sAdhaka ( vanastha sAdhu ) 2 ekadeza ahiMsAsAdhaka ( gRhastha-upAsaka) ahiMsAke do bheda yoM haiM 1 nirgranthatA, tInagupti, paMca samiti, dasadharma, bAraha anuprekSA, bAIsa parISahajaya, paMca caritra, bAraha tapa, ye sarvadeza ahiMsAke nivRtyAtmaka aMza (aMga) haiN| 2 yathAzakti auSadhi, aAhAra, jJAna aura abhayadAna dvArA dUsaroMke prAkRtika yA parajana kRta duHkha kaSTa dUra karanA guNapUjA, tathA dharma, artha, kAma isa trivargakA avirodha rUpase sevana karanA, ye eka deza ahiMsAke pravRtyAtmaka aMza ( aMga ) haiM / ahiMsA sAdhaka janake do bheda yoM hai-- ___ sarva deza ahiMsA sAdhaka 'vanastha" kisIko duHkha nahIM pahuMcAtA hai kyoMki inake andara prazasta rAga dvepakA alpAMza raha gayA hai / inake lie zatru mitra samAna hai| kyoMki ye laukika jimmedArI se rahita haiN| ___eka deza ahiMsA sAdhaka "gRhastha" kisIko sukha pahuMcAnekA prayatna karatA hai to usameM kisI ko duHkha bhI pahuMca jAtA hai, kyoMki inake aMdara prazasta rAga dveSakA adhikAMza vidyamAna hai| inake lie zatru mitra samAna nahIM hai| kyoMki ye lekika jimmedArI sahita haiM / ahiMsAke upadezakoMkA kartavya-- vidvAn upadezakoMkA athavA loka nAyakoMkA kartavya hai ki manuSyakI Upara varNita zakti aura paristhitiko dhyAnameM rakhakara logoMko ahiMsA pAlanakA upadeza deM / upadezakoMko yaha ucita nahIM ki 1 'zAna hiMsAkI AzA nahIM detA, parantu prasaMga vizeSapara hiMsA vizeSako anivArtha samajhakara usakI chUTa detA hai| jo manuSya zAsakI dI huI chUTase lAbha nahIM uThAtA hai, vaha dhanyavAdakA pAtra hai| anivArya hiMsA, hiMsA na rahakara ahiMsA nahIM ho jAtI / hiMsAko hiMsAke hI rUpameM jAnanA cAhithe / " (ma0 gAMdhI) 2 pu0 si0 209 / 211 tathA paMcAdhyAyI 2, 752 / 3 "mistatvaveda rAgAstathaiva hAsyAdayazca SaDadoSAH / catvArazca kaSAyAzcaturdazAbhyantarA granthAH / (pu0 si0 116) 156
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________________ hiMsAkI sAdhanA pada prApta gRhasthoMko apane sarala zubha pravRttirUpa mArga se vicalita karake unheM unake lie kaThina mArga meM lagA deM jisase ki ve kisI ora ke na raheM / isameM koI zaka nahIM ki ahiMsApatha ke pathikakI saMhanana zaktikI parIkSA ke lie use prathama UMcA patha dikhAyA jAya jaisA ki kahA hai "jo tuccha buddhi upadezaka sAdhu dharmako nahIM kahakara gRhasthadharmakA upadeza detA hai vaha jinavarake mata se daMDa dene yogya hai / " kintu isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM lenA cAhiye ki ahiMsApathake pathikoMko UMce pathameM jyoM-tyoM Dhakela denekA SaDyaMtra hai| balki ahiMsA pathameM paira rakhaneke pahile pathikako khUba sAvadhAna karAnA cAhiye / kahA hai "apanA kalyANa cAhane vAloMko apanI zakti deza, kAla, sthAna, sahAyaka, AAdi bAtoMkA acchI taraha vicAra karake vrata ( hiMsA mArga ) grahaNa karanA cAhiye / " aura isakA yaha bhI tAtparya nahIM lenA cAhiye ki grahastha mahAna ahiMsA ke mArga meM bar3hanekA abhyAsa na kare / kintu mauke mauke para apane pada aura zakti ke anusAra ucita abhyAsa avazya karate rahanA cAhiye, kyoM ki AkhirakAra manuSyako parama hiMsA parama puruSArtha rUpa jo mokSa yA parama brahmatva hai use to prApta karanA hI hai / 1 puruSArthaM siddhiyupAya zlo0 18 / 2 sAgAradharmAmRta 279 / 157
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________________ jIva aura karmakA vizleSaNa zrI paM0 bAbUlAla gulajArI lAla ananta dravyoMke samudAya svarUpa yaha loka hai isameM pAye jAne vAle ye sampUrNa dravya anAdi kAla se haiM aura ananta kAla taka raheM ge| pratyeka dravyakI racanA zrananta ananta guNoM ke sammilana se huI hai / dravyameM pAye jAne vAle sampUrNa guNa aura unakA pArasparika milApa anAdi hai aura avinAzI hai ataeva samudAya svarUpI dravya bhI avinAzI haiM / pratyeka guNa apane svabhAvase cyuta na honeke kAraNa, avinAzI hote hue bhI nirantara apane svarUpameM parivartana karatA rahatA hai| isa parivartana ke kAraNa vaha ananta avasthAko prApta hotA hai ina avasthAoM kA nAma paryAya hai / guNa aura paryAya ke samudAya se banA huA pratyeka dravya guNakI apekSA nitya ( dhrauvya ) hai aura paryAya kI apekSA nitya zrarthAt utpAda vyaya svarUpa hai / dravyakI racanA svataH siddha hai ataeva yaha loka na to kisI karttA ke dvArA racA gayA hai aura na kisI ke dvArA naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| dravya -- lokameM pAye jAne vAle sampUrNa dravya jIva aura jIvake bhedase do prakAra ke haiM / jina dravyoM meM cetanA (jJAna, darzana ) guNa vidyamAna hai ve jIva kahalAte haiM aura jinameM yaha guNa nahIM haiM ve jIva kahalAte haiM / ajIva dravyake pAMca bheda haiM 1 -pudgala 2-dharma 3 adharma 4-kAla tathA 5 zrAkAza ina pAMcoM dravyoMmeMse pudgala dravya sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa guNayukta honese mUrtika kahalAtA hai aura zeSa dravya tathA jIva dravya ina guNoM se rahita honese amUrtika kahe jAte haiM yadyapi ve saba AkAra vAle haiM / pudgala dravya paramANu rUpa hai unakI saMkhyA anantanAnta haiM / ye paramANu apane meM vidyamAna rukhAI - cikanAI ina do guNoM ke sahAre Apasa meM milakara skandha rUpa (piMDa) ho jAte haiM aura bikharakara choTe choTe piMDa yA paramANu ho jAte haiM / paramANu pudgalakI zuddha avasthA hai aura skandha zuddha avasthA | kyoMki paramANu avasthA meM vaha svAdhIna hotA hai aura skandha avasthA meM milane vAle paramANutroM meM eka dUsarese prabhAvita hote haiM / isase paramANu avasthA svAbhAvika aura skandha avasthA vaibhAvika kahI jAtI hai / vaibhAvikI zakti- jaina siddhAnta meM jIva aura pudgala dravyameM eka vaibhAvikI nAmakI zakti mAnI gayI hai / isa zaktiko sva aura parakA nimitta milane para jIva aura pudgala dravya vibhAva rUpa pariNamana karate haiM jaise 158
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________________ jIva aura karmakA vizleSaNa pudgalakI vaibhAvika avasthA usakA skandha rUpa hai vaise hI jIvakI vaibhAvika avasthA usakA saMsArI honA hai, saMsAra avasthAmeM jIvake mana, vacana aura kAya yoga tathA kaSAya bhAvoMkA nimitta pAkara pudgala paragANu skandha rUpa hokara jIvake sAtha sambaddha ho jAte haiM, jisakA prabhAva jIvake jJAnAdi guNoMpara par3atA hai / isa tarahase jIvake sAtha sambaddha ina pudagala skandhoMko hI dravya karma kahate haiM / ina dravya karmoMkI zakti kI hInAdhikatA jIvake kaSAya bhAvoM para avalambita hai| yadi jIvakI kaSAya tIvra hotI hai to baMdhanevAle kamaukI sthiti aura phaladAna zakti bhI adhika hotI hai, aura yadi kaSAya manda hotI hai to karmoMkI sthiti aura phaladAna zakti bhI manda hotI hai / ina karma skandhoMkA jIvake sAtha eka kSetrAvagAha rUpa sambandha hotA hai, use hI bandha kahate haiN| karma santati-- jIvameM ananta guNa haiM una guNoMmeM karmapudgaloMke bandhake nimittase vikAra utpanna hotA hai| jaise jIva apane jJAna guNake dvArA pratyeka vastuko svataH jAnatA hai ki pratyeka dravya bhinna bhinna hai aura pariNata hue pudagala skandhake prabhAvase yaha para dravyako apanA mAnane lagatA hai tathA unake prati rAga yA dveSa karane lagatA hai isa prakAra isake zraddhAna guNoMmeM parako nija mAnane rUpa aura caritra guNoMmeM para dravya ke prati rAga dveSa karane rUpa vikAra utpanna hotA hai jisase yaha para dravyoMse cipaTatA phiratA hai isa taraha pudgala-karmoMke nimitta se jIvake bhAva vikRta hote haiM, vikRta bhAvoMke nimittase pudgala dravya, karmatvako prApta hotA hai / anAdi kAlase yahI avasthA taba taka calatI rahatI hai jaba taka isakA moha dUra nahIM hotA / kabhI kisI suyogake milanese yaha saceta hotA hai aura apane svarUpako jAna kara usapara zraddhA lAtA hai tathA apane hI svarUpameM lIna hotA hai taba karmakI parAdhInatAse chuTTI pAkara anaMta sukhako prApta hotA hai / ataH ise dukhoMse chur3Ane vAlA sivAya isake zuddha pariNAmoMke aura dUsarA koI nahIM hai / hAM, yaha bAta avazya hai ki apane zuddha svarUpakA paricaya, zuddha svarUpako prApta arihantoM yA nirgrantha-gurutroM dvArA hotA hai unhIMke dvArA zuddha svarUpameM lIna hone kI vidhi, vidita ho sakatI hai aura isalie nimitta rUpase zrI arahaMta, siddha, prAcArya, zrAdi parameSTI ise sukha prApta karAne vAle kahe jAte haiM aura dukhI bananemeM pugdalakarmoMko nimitta honese dukha dene vAlA mAnA jAtA hai| parantu vAstavameM sukhI dukhI honemeM jIvake apane hI bhAva upAdAna kAraNa haiN| 159
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________________ zikSA kI dRSTi se samAdhimaraNakA mahatva zrI dazarathalAla jaina 'kauzala' isa vijJAna ke yuga meM saMsArakI aAMkheM mAnava samAjake zikSaNakI ora balAt zrAkarSita ho rahI haiM / vidvAn baccoMke zikSA prArambhakI avasthA ke sambandha meM vicAra karate haiM / pahale zikSA prArambhakI vaya 17, 18, varSa thI lekina 20 varSa zikSA meM bitAnekA tAtparya hotA hai paMcamAMza kAla yoM hI vyatIta kara denA / isalie bAlakoM ke zikSaNakI umra 8, 10 varSa nirdhArita kI gayI / lekina 10 varSa bhI zikSAmaya vitA denA logoMko asahya mAlUma hone lagA aura unhoMne nizcaya kiyA ki jaba bacce sAdhAraNatayA bolane cAlane aura samajhane lAyaka ho jAte haiM tabase zikSaNa prArambha kiyA jAya isa prakAra 5 varSakI umra zikSaNa prArambhake lie upayukta samajhI gayI / lekina manuSya jIvanakI kImata samajhane vAle vidvAnoMko isase bhI saMtoSa na huA aura ve socane lage ki bacce jaba khelate haiM tabhI khela ke dvArA unheM zikSA denekI koziza kyoM na kI jAya / phala svarUpa 'kiMDara gArDana' dvArA akSaroM va aMkoMke zrAkArAdikA jJAna karA denekI vyavahArika sUjha peza kI gayI / hamAre vicArazIla zikSA vizAradoMko baccekA vaha Der3ha do varSa jaba ki vaha mAtA kA dUdha hI pItA rahatA hai usa kAla meM bhI use kucha zikSA kyoM na dIkSA dI jAya isakI dhuna savAra huI hai / mAMke dUdhake sAtha usa bAlakako zikSaNa prArambha karaneke lie unhoMne yaha khojapUrNa niSkarSa diyA ki yadi zikSitA aura sadvicArapUrNa ho aura bacceko dugdha pAna karAte samaya sundara bhAvanAeM usake hRdaya meM jAgRta raheM to bacce para zikSA ke saMskAra DAle jA sakate hai / isapara bhI kAphI amala kiyA gayA aura isa prayogakI saphalatA nisaMdeha mAnya kI gayI / yahI kAraNa hai ki hama pratyeka dharma aura jAti meM janmake samaya unakI dhAraNAoM ke anusAra kucha na kucha saMskAroMkA rivAja pAte haiM / zodhake kAryoMse kabhI tRpta na honekI vRttike kAraNa vidvAn isake bhI Age sUkSma vicAra meM lIna rahe / iTalI meM bhI kucha kAla pahale eka zikSA vizArada vidvAnne apanI khojako Age bar3hAyA aura unhoMne apanA yaha nizcaya kiyA ki bacce ke janma ke samaya meM zikSaNa saMskAra DAlane ke sthAnapara yadi jaba baccA garbhameM rahatA hai tabhI usake hRdayapara mAtAke hRdayakA saMskAra par3e to bAlaka bhI vaisA hI honA cAhiye kyoMki garbhAvasthA meM bAlakakA hRdaya mAtAke hRdaya se saMbaddha rahatA hai mAtAke vicAra una nau mAsameM jaise raheMge janma honepara 160
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________________ zikSAkI dRSTise samAdhimaraNakA mahatva baccA unhIM vicAroMkI sAkAra mUrti dhAraNa kare gA / isako unhoMne eka ucca kulotpanna mahilApara parIkSA dvArA pramANita kiyA hai| prathama bAra jaba vaha mAtA garbhavatI huI to usake kamaremeM vIra puruSoMke citra lagAye gaye / unhIMkA paricaya, jIvana caritra, usI DhaMgakI kathA kahAniyoM kA sAhitya use nau mAsa taka barAbara par3hAyA gayA tAki usa strIkA samaya eka vizeSa vAtAvaraNameM vyatIta ho / kahate haiM,usakA vaha putra bar3A zUravIra nikalA / dUsarI bAra jaba vaha garbhavatI huI to usa strIkI icchA huI ki abakI bAra usakA putra acchA saMgItajJa nikale isalie isa bAra usake zayanAgArameM duniyAMke prasiddha aura nipuNa gAne aura bajAne vAloMke citra lagAye gaye aura unhoMke caritra aura gAyana vAdanake zravaNameM usane apanA samaya vyatIta kiyA isa bAra usakA dUsarA putra bar3A saMgItajJa niklaa| isI taraha usake cAra pAMca putra hue jo ki saMskAroM dvArA koI prasiddha citrakAra, koI kavi, koI saphala rAjanItijJa, bhinna bhinna viSayoMmeM pAraMgata hue| isake Age jainadharma basa aAdhunika vaijJAnikoMkI aMtima khoja bAlakake garbha meM Ane taka hI gayI hai / isake Age bar3hanA unakI buddhike lie agamya thA lekina hamAre trikAlajJa tIrthakAroMne ne apane divya cakSutroMke dvArA isake AgekA mArga khoja nikAlA / unhoMne batAyA ki jIvoMkA janma; maraNake uparAMtakI avasthA hai jisakA maraNa acchA ho gA usakA uttama garbha meM janma honA anivArya hai aura jisakA maraNa burI tarahase ho gA usakA janma bhI nizcayase burI yonimeM ho gA jaisA ki eka jagaha paM0 pravara zrAzAdharajIne kahA hai---- kA'pi cetapudgale sakto niyethAstad dhruvaM crH| ___taM kRmIbhUya susvAdu cirbhaTAsakta bhikSuvat // ( sAgAra dharmAmRta ) bhAvArtha-he upAsaka ! yadi tU kisA pudgalameM aAsakta ho kara maraNako prApta ho gA to kacariyA ke bhakSaNameM zrAsakti rakhanevAle bhikSuke samAna uso pudgalameM janma lekara usakA hI sadaiva bhakSaNa karane vAlA prANI hogA / isalie paradravyakI Asaktiko chodd'| __ yahI kAraNa hai ki duniyAMke tamAma dharma aura komoMmeM maraNa kriyA ko pavitra aura dhArmika banAnekI bhinna bhinna prakArakI kriyAeM hotI dekhI jAtI haiM aura yahI bhAvanAeM kAma karatI rahatI haiM tAtmAko svargameM jagaha aura vahAMkI sahaja zAnti mile IsAiyoMmeM jaba koI maratA hai to murde snAna karAkara acche vastrAbhUSaNa pahanAkara itra phulela, Adise susajjita karate haiM phira pAdarI sAhaba bAibilakA kucha aMza par3hate haiM aura usa mRta puruSakI aAtmAkI zAntike lie upasthita logoMke sAtha duaA par3hI jAtI hai aura murde ko sandUkameM bandakara kabra sthAnameM daphanA dete haiM / isI taraha musalamAnoMmeM bhI murdeko kalamekA pAnI chir3aka kara aura duzrA par3hakara daphanA dete haiN| pArasiyoMmeM bhI isI tarahakI duzrA prArthanAke bAda murde yA to daphanA diye jAte haiM yA eka kuMemaiM pAle gaye giddhoMko khilA diye jAte haiM / hindu dharmameM bhI maraNa samaya durgApATha, gItApATha yA rAma rAma bhajanekA rivAja pAyA jAtA hai aura madeMko dAhasaMskArako le jAte samaya, 'rAma nAma satya hai, satya bolo gatya hai kI dhvani 21 161
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha kI jAtI hai / bacI huI haDDI, rAkha, Adi jise phUla kahate haiM gaMgA, narmadA, Adi pavitra nadiyoMmeM sirA dI jAtI haiM aura prayAga, kAzI, gayA, Adi tIrthoM meM piNDazuddhi evaM zrAddha, tarpaNa Adi kriyAeM kI jAtIM haiM / ina tamAma kriyA se usa mRta jIvakA kalyANa ho yA na ho para karane vAloMkI sadbhAvanA spaSTa hai| sallekhanA-- svayaM jainadharma jIvake zarIra tyAganeke pUrva hI usakI AtmAko sudhAranekA vizeSa vidhAna karatA hai / jise sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa nAma diyA gayA hai / yadyapi vaidika, musalamAna, IsAI, Adi dharmo meM bhI maraNake saMskAra kiye jAte haiM tathApi samAdhimaraNameM apanI eka mahAn vizeSatA hai / antimakriyAeM prANa nikala jAne para honeke kAraNa vaisI hI haiM jaise sarpa ke nikala jAne para lakIrakA pITanA / jainadharmameM maraNAsanna jIvake manogata vicAroMko sudhAranekA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| usase upakAraka vastuse rAga anupakAraka vastuse dveSa strI putra, zrAdise mamatAkA saMbaMdha aura bAhyAbhyaMtara parigrahako chur3Akara zuddha mana evaM mIThe vacanoMse kuTumbI naukaroM cAkaroMse doSoMkI kSamA yAcanA karAyI jAtI hai aura dUsaroMke dvArA bhI use kSamA karavAyA jAtA hai / krama kramase bhojana, zrAdi chur3avAyA jAtA hai / jIne maranekI icchA athavA usase bhaya karanA mitroMkI yAda aura bhogoMkI icchAkA tyAga karAyA jAtA hai / aisI sallekhanA dhAraNa karanese jIva dharmarUpI amRtakA pAna kara samasta prakArake duHkhoMse rahita ho anaMta duSkara aura akSaya utkarSazAlI avasthAko prApta hotA hai / use samajhAyA jAtA hai ki isa samaya pariNAmoMmeM saMklezatA huI to tumako saMsArake pracura dukhoMko sahanA par3egA / kahA bhI hai'virAddhe maraNe deva durgatirduracoditA anantazcApi saMsAraH punarapyAgamiSyati // he deva 1 samAdhimaraNake bigar3a jAne para dUra par3I huI durgati prApta hotI hai aura ananta saMsAra punaH dhamakatA hai / isa taraha use vairAgyabhAvanA ke dvArA sajjJAnI aura balavAn AtmA vAlA banAyA jAtA hai aura isa taraha usake agale janma kI sudhAraNA kI jAtI hai / isIko paMDita-maraNa athavA samAdhimaraNa kahate haiM / isa taraha sadmaraNake dvArA susaMskRta sadjanmakI zrAzA saMbhava hai lekina isake lie bhI ne batAyA hai ki aisA samAdhimaraNa usIko saMbhava hai jisakA jIvana sad abhyAsa saccaritra, sadvicAra aura sajjanottama guNoMse paripUrNa rahA ho| hama jaisA jAgRta avasthA meM vicAra aura kalpanA kiyA karate haiM aceta aura suptAvasthA meM vahI kriyAeM kAma karatI rahatI haiN| maraNa bhI isI taraha aceta avasthA hai jabaki jAgrata avasthAkA abhyAsa kArya karatA hai / jisa taraha uttama janma ke lie samAdhimaraNakI AvazyakatA hai usI taraha sad evaM zAnta maraNa ke liye jIvana meM saccaritra aura sadvicAra kI zrAvazyakatA hai isa taraha hamArI uttarottara unnatikI zrRGkhalA banatI hai arthAt zreSTha jIvanase zreSTha maraNa aura zreSTha maraNa se zreSThatara janma aura usase zreSThatama jIvana evaM yonikI prApti hotI hai / 162
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________________ pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai ! zrI amRtalAla " caMcala" kisI siddha santase eka jijJAsune pUchA - " mahAtman ! Akhira ve bhAgyavAna kauna haiM, jinake hRdaya meM samyaktva virala rUpase nivAsa karatA haiM ? mahAtmAjI haMsa par3e aura bole-- are bAvare ! sabake hRdayameM zuddha samyaktva samAyA huA hai - sabake hRdaya zuddha samyaktva se jagamagA rahe haiM ! pharka itanA hI hai ki sirpha vIra puruSa sirpha zauryavAna puruSa hI usake guNoMke prasUnoMkI mAlikA guthane meM samartha hote haiM - usake guNoMko vyakta kara pAte haiM / aura zeSa ? zeSa kApuruSa ! unake hRdaya meM vaha samyaktva rahate hue bhI nahIM hI rahane ke barAbara hotA hai kyoMki unameM jJAna sAmarthya ho nahIM hotI ki usake prakAzako prakaTa kara sakeM / AtmA bhI paramAtmA hai aura paramAtmA bhI zrAtmA ! yaha bAta nahIM haiM ki paramAtmAkI banAvaTameM kinhIM qhAsa paramANutroM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai aura AtmAkI banAvaTameM kinhIM Ama kA jo paramAtmA hai vahI aura AtmA bhI hai ! yahAM aura kucha nahIM ! kevala eka dRSTimAtrakA badalanA hai| bUMda aura laharameM kucha bheda nahIM; donoM nadIse bhinna aura kucha vastu nahIM ! pharka sirfa nAmakA hai aura vaha bhI eka viziSTa kAraNa se ! paramAtmA svayaM samajhAte haiM sirpha apaneko jAnane va na jAna lenekA savAla ? jisane apaneko jAna liyA usane bAjI mAralI - paramAtmA bana gayA aura jo aMdhakAra meM par3A rahA vaha pichar3a gayA, vaha banA rahA basa heya bahirAtmA ! aura yahIM para zrAtmA aura paramAtmA ke bIca eka moTI dIvAra khar3I hai / * bahirAtmA * aMtarAtmA * paramAtmA isa dRSTise hama hue bahirAtmA, yA kitane hI aMzoM meM antarAtmA para paramAtmA nahIM ! aura isakA eka yahI kAraNa hai ki hamane apaneko nahIM jAnA vastuke yathArthaM svarUpako nahIM pahicAnA ! svAmI kuMdakuMdAcArya rayaNasAra' meM kahate haiM163 -
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jabataka apanI AtmAkA svarUpa nahIM jAnA gayA hai, tabataka isa atmAko karmajanya dukhakA bhAra hai hI, aura jaba yaha aAtmA apane zuddha svarUpa; TaMkotkIrNa svarNa samAna jJAyaka svabhAva ko jAna letA haiapane zuddha svabhAvako prApta ho jAtA hai, usI samaya ananta sukhako svayameva prApta ho jAtA hai / hamane apane aAtmasvarUpako nahIM jAnA, isIse hama aAjataka bhava samudra meM gote khAte rahe / AtmAnuzAsanameM zrI guNabhadrAcArya kahate haiM mAmanyamanyaM mAM matvA bhrAnto bhvaarnnve| nAnyohamahamevAhamanyo'nyo'nyo'hamasti na // arthAt-bhrAntike honese jo Apako pararUpa aura parako zrApa rUpa jAnA isIse viparIta jJAnake kAraNa tU bhava-samudrameM bhramaNa karatA rahA / aba tU yaha jAna ki maiM para padArtha nahIM huuN| maiM jo hUM; so maiM ho hUM aura jo ye para padArtha haiM; so para hI haiN| unameM maiM nahIM hUM aura vaha meremeM nahIM haiM / zrImadzubhacaMdrAcArya bhI isI tathyakI puSTi karate hue jJAnArNavameM kahate haiM mithyAtvapratinaddhadurNa yathabhrAntena bAhyAnalaM bhAvAn svAn pratipadyajanmagahane khinnaM tvayA prAk ciraM saMpratyasta samasta vibhramabhava cidra pamekaM param svasthaM svaM pravigAhya siddhi vanitA vaktraM samAlokaya // arthAt he aAtman ! tU isa saMsAra rUpI gahana vanameM mithyAtvake sambandhase utpanna hue sarvathA ekAnta rUpa durjaya mArga meM bhramarUpa hotA huA, bAhya padArthoM ko apane mAnakara va aMgIkAra kara cirakAlase sadaiva kheda khinna huaA / aba samasta vibhramoMkA bhAra dUra kara tU apane aApahImeM rahane vAle utkRSTa caitanya svarUpakA avagAhana karake usameM muktirUpI strIke mukhakA avalokana kara ! yadyapi vaha jIvanAmakA padArtha nizcayanayase svayaM hI paramAtmA hai, kintu anAdi kAlase karmAcchAdita honeke kAraNa yaha apane svarUpako nahIM pahicAna pAtA hai / zrAcArya zubhacaMdrajI jJAnArNava meM kahate haiM anAdi prabhavaH so'yamavidyAviSama grhH|| zarIrAdIni pazyanti yena svamiti dehinaH // arthAt--yaha anAdi kAla se utpanna huaA avidyArUpI viSama aAgraha hai jisake dvArA yaha mUr3ha prANI zarIrAdikako apanA mAnatA hai arthAt yaha zarIra hai, so maiM hI hUM, yaha dekhatA hai / ayaM trijagatIbhartA vizvajJo'naMta zaktimAn / nAtmAnamapi jAnAti svsvrupaatpricyutH| arthAt yaha Atma tIna jagatakA svAmI hai, samasta padArthoMkA jJAtA hai ananta zaktimAna hai, parantu anAdi kAlase apane svarUpase cyuta hokara apane Apako nahIM jAnatA !
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________________ pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA hai khvAjA hAfija sA0 pharamAte haiM phAza mo goyamo aja gufta-e-khuda dila zAdama vaMdA-e-izkamo az2a harado jahAM Az2Adama / kokave-bakhta marA heca munajima na zinAkhta yA raba ! aja mAdare-getI bace tAlA jAdama / tAyare-gulazane-kusuma ce vihama zahe-firAqa phi daroM dAme-gahe-hArasA cU~ uphtAdama // yAne maiM khullamakhullA kahatA hUM aura apane isa kathanase prasanna hUM ki maiM izkakA baMdA hUM aura sAtha hI loka aura paraloka donoMke baMdhanoMse mukta huuN| merI janmapatrIke grahoMkA phala koI bhI jyotiSI na batA sakA / he Izvara ! sRSTi-mAtAne mujhe kaise grahoMmeM utpanna kiyA hai / svargake udyAnakA pakSI huuN| maiM apane viyogakA hAla kyA batAUM ki maiM isa mRtyulokake jAla meM kaise yA phaMsA ? jisa samaya yaha aAtmA rAgadveSakI pariNatiyoMko DhIlI kara hRdaya parase mithyAtvakA prAvaraNa haTAtA huaA apane svasvarUpameM sthira hone lagatA hai to para-pariNatiyoMkA kilA Dhahane lagatA hai aura karma kI kar3iyAM kramazaH TUTane lagatI haiN| svasvarUpameM ramaNa karane se yaha aAtmA karmAkA baMdhana kATatA huaA kramazaH arahanta pada pA jAtA hai aura phira samaya pAkara svayaM zuddha buddha paramAtmA ho jAtA hai / AtmA aura paramAtmAmeM bheda basa itanA farka hai aAtmA aura paramAtmAmeM ! anAdi kAlase karmoMse AcchAdita teja puJjakA nAma AtmA hai aura nirlepa, niSkala, zuddha, avinAzI, sukharUpa aura nirvikalpakA nAma paramAtmA hai ! AInA eka hai sirpha saphAIkA pharka aura vaha bhI paryAyArthika nayase, nizcaya nayase agara pUchA jAve to aAtmA aura paramAtmAmeM koI bheda hI nahIM hai jo aAtmA hai so paramAtmA hai aura jo paramAtmA hai so zrAtmA hai / AtmAnuzAsanameM bhI guNabhadrAcArya kahate haiM zrAjAto'nazvaro'mUtaH kartA bhoktA sukhI budhaH / deha mAyA malairmukto gatvorddhamacalaH prbhuH| arthAt AtmA ajara amara amUrtIka hai vyavahAra nayakI apekSA karmoMkA aura nizcayanayakI apekSA apane svabhAvakA kartA hai / vyavahAra nayase apane sukha dukhakA va nizcaya nayase apane svabhAvakA bhoktA hai / ajJAnase indriya janita sukhoMkA bhoktA hai / para nizcayase paramAnanda maya jJAnasvarUpa hai / vyavahAra nayase dehamAtra hai para nizcaya nayase yaha cetana hai, karma phalase rahita hai / lokake zikhara para jAkara acala tiSTatA hai isalie prabhu hai ! 'tatvasAra' meM zrI devasenAcArya kahate haiM
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________________ varNo abhinandana grantha siddhohaM suddhohaM prAMta NANAiguNa samiddhohaM / dehapamANo Nicco sakhadeso zramutto Na / arthAt maiM hI siddha hUM, zuddha hUM, anaMta jJAnAdi guNoMse pUrNa hUM, amUrtika hUM, nitya hUM, saMkhyAta pradezI hUM aura deha pramANa hUM isa taraha apanI AtmAko siddha ke samAna vastu svarUpakI apekSA jAnanA cAhiye / zrI pUjyavAda svAmI samAdhizataka meM kahate haiM --- yaH paramAtmA sa evAhaM yo'haM sa paramastataH / zrahameva mayopAsyo nAnyaH kazciditi sthitiH // arthAt - jo koI prasiddha utkRSTa AtmA yA paramAtmA hai vaha hI maiM hUM tathA jo koI svasaMvedana gocara maiM zrAtmA hUM so hI paramAtmA hai / isa lie jaba ki paramAtmA aura maiM eka hI hUM taba mere dvArA maiM hI zrArAdhane yogya hUM koI dUsarA nhiiN| isa prakAra apane svarUpameM hI ArAdhya zrArAdhaka bhAvakI vyavasthA hai| 166
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________________ jaina pratIka tathA mUrtipUjA zrI prA0 azokakumAra bhaTTAcArya, ema0 e0 bI0 ela0, kAvyatIrtha, Adi jaina dharma meM pUjAke Adarza vyaktikI zArIrika sadRzatA mAtra para dRSTi rakhakara pUjyakI pratimA kabhI nahIM pujatI; jaisA ki bauddha tathA vaidika dharmo meM bhI hotA hai / na jAne kabase mAnavakI buddhine mahattama devatAkI kalpanAkA AdhAra usake zarIrakI sadRzatAko na mAnakara pratIka citraNako hI Adarza mAnA hai / ina bimbAtmaka pratyupasthApanAoM ke kucha aise artha tathA lakSyArtha hote haiM jo inheM sahaja hI una kalAmaya kRtiyoMse pRthak siddha kara dete haiM jo kevala zobhAke lie nirmita hotI haiM / ve cakSu sAkSAtkAra kI apekSA mAnasika vyApAra (viveka) ko adhika jagAte haiM / bhAratIya dharmoMkA abhISTa pratIka-pUjA athavA AdhyAtmika kalpanA vaha itivRtta hai jo dharmoM ke itihAsa ke samAna hI prAcIna hai / devatA athavA prakRtikI vividha sAkAra nirAkAra vastuoM kA mAnavIkaraNa ( manuSya kI dehayukta samajhanA ) arthAt rUpabheda sarvathA arvAcIna prakAra hai| mathurAke kaMkAlI TIlese nikale aSTa mAMgalika dravyoMke pratIka yukta 'AyAgapaToM' se jainadharma sambandhI ukta mAnyatA bhalI bhAMti siddha ho jAtI hai / ye zrAyAgapaTa utane hI prAcIna mAne jAte haiM jitanI aba taka prApta prAcInatama jaina mUrti hai / bauddha sAhitya meM svayaM mahAtmA buddhake kucha aise vaktavya bhI milate haiM jo mAnavAkAra mUrtiyoM ke prati unakI vizeSa ghRNA ke sUcaka haiM / tathA mUrtimAna se sambaddha pratIkAtmaka caityakI anumodanA bhI usI prakaraNameM milatI hai / jaba buddha dRSTike sAmane na the taba hI unake vyavahArakI vidhi kI gayI hai / sambaddha pratIkoM kI sthApanA bauddhakalAkA vaiziSTaya hai jisakI ThIka samatA jaina dharmameM nahIM milatI / hastalikhita jaina granthoM athavA jaina utkIrNana kalA meM pAye jAne vAle pratIkAtmaka pratyupasthApanoMkA viSaya pUjanIya pavitra vastueM haiM / kahIM para inameM se eka ekakA citraNa hai aura kahIM para sabakA eka 1 zrI bI0 e0 smithakI "mathurA ke jaina stUpa tathA anya prAcIna vastueM" citra 2 " katimukho bhaMte caitiyAnIti ? te ni Ananda ti / katamAni bhate teneti ? zArIrikam, pAribhogikam, uddesikam iti / sakkApNa bhate tumheMsu, dharatesu yeva caityana, kAtuti ? Ananda zArIrikam na sukkakASTAtuma, na hi buddhAnAM paribhUtakAlayeva hoti -- Adi / mahAbodhivaMza pR0 59 / 167 7 tathA 9
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________________ voM-abhinandana-grantha sAtha hai / pUrva ullikhita uddharaNake AdhAra para samajhA jA sakatA hai ki gautama buddha mUrtipUjAke virodhI the phalataH baiddha dharmake prArambhika yugameM mUrtirUpameM pratyupasthApana bahuta kama hua|| tathA uttarakAlameM atyadhika huA / divyAvadAnakA' yaha ullekha ki bauddha upAsaka mUrtikI pUjA nahIM karatA hai kintu una siddhAntoMkI pUjA karatA hai jinheM prakaTa karaneke lie mUrti banI hai; mahattvapUrNa hai| jainapUjAkA Adarza-- vaidikoM tathA bauddhoMke samAna hote hue bhI mUrtipUjA viSayaka jaina mAnyatAkI apanI vizeSatAeM haiM / unakI mAnyatA hai ki tarthikara, zrAdi zalAkA puruSoM athavA jinadharma bhakta zAsana devatAdikI pratikRti hone hI ke kAraNa mUrtiyoMkI sthApanA nahIM kI jAtI hai apitu unakI sthApanAkA pradhAna kAraNa ve ananta darzana, Adi vizuddha evaM alaukika guNa haiM jinakA dhyAna karaNIya hai tathA jo zrAtyantika preya haiN| sArabhUta ina guNoMkI zodhake lie hI zrAvazyaka hai ki unakA kahoM para pradarzana kiyA jAya, tAki ina zrAdazauMkA dhyAna karate samaya bhaktoMke hRdayameM ananta darzana jJAna, vIrya sukhamaya guNoMkI spaSTa chAyA par3e / mUrtipUjAkA uddezya, unake dvArA pratyupasthApita mUrtimAnake alaukika guNoMkI mahattAko pracura rUpase bar3hAnA hai| isI siddhAntako dRSTimeM rakhate hue gaMgA, Adi nadiyoM, tAlAboMke adhiSThAtR devI-devatAoMkA uddezya bhI samajhameM zrA jAtA hai / phalataH tarthikarakI mUrtiko una saba sAdhanAoM aura guNoMke puJjake rUpameM grahaNa karanA cAhiye, jo ki kisI bhI dharma athavA yuga pravartakameM honA anivArya haiM / phalataH zrArAdhakake hRdayameM zrArAdhyakI zraddhA bar3hatI hI jAtI hai| pratiSThA pratiSThA vaha saMskAra hai jisake dvArA zrArAdhya puruSa athavA vastukI mahattA tathA prabhAvakatAko mAnya kiyA jAtA hai / jaba koI sAdhu pradhAnatAko prApta hotA hai to use prAcArya' padapara pratiSThita kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, zUdra, zilpI, Adi bhI vedAdhyayana, zAsana, vyavasAya, sevA, kalA, AdimeM pratiSTita kiye jAte haiM tathA sAmAjika niyamAnusAra tilaka, mAlA, samarpaNa, Adi, dvArA isa vidhiko mAnya kiyA jAtA hai| yaha sarva vidita hai ki tilaka, mAlA anulepana, Adi vidhiyoMkI svayaM koI mahattA nahIM hai| phalataH inake kAraNa kisI vyaktikI mahattA nahIM bar3hatI, apitu pradhAnatAkA kAraNa to vaha svIkRti yA mAnyatA hotI hai jisakI ghoSaNA yaha saba karake kI jAtI hai| isI prakAra mUrti pratiSThA bhI eka mahAna pratIka hai phalataH usakI dArzanika vyAkhyA hotI hai| arthAt 1 divyAvadAna adhyAya, 16 / 2-AcAra-dinakara (vardhamAna sUri ) pR0 141 / / 168
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________________ jaina pratIka tathA mUrtipUjA sAkAra athavA nirAkAra mUrtimeM jo vidhipUrvaka usake guNoMkA nyAsa kiyA jAtA hai use hI pratiSThA' kahate haiM vaha jinadevake guNoMkI mUrti sthApanA-rUpa hai / dharmakA kAraNa honese jinadeva athavA anya guNI sthApanIya hote haiM / isameM yA to guNIkI hI pradhAnatA hotI hai guNa gauNa rahate haiM athavA guNoM hI kI pratiSThA hotI guNIkA utanA dhyAna nahIM rahatA hai| isa prakAra pASANase banI ghaTita athavA aghaTita mUrti bhI jina, kSetrapAla, bauddha, gaNadhara, viSNu, gAMdhI, Adi nAmako pAkara pUjI jAtI hai kyoMki pratiSThA dvArA ve ve devatA athavA puruSa usa mUrtimeM samA jAte haiM aisI mAnyatA hai, kyoMki apanI dRDha aAsthA dvArA sAdhaka unheM vahAM dekhatA hai| bhavana vAsI, vyantara jyotiSI, vaimAnikAdi deva apanI apanI antaHzaktiko mUrtiyoM meM praveza karA dete hai aisI mAnyatAkA AdhAra bhI yahI hai / siddhoM tathA arhantoMkI mUrtiyoM kI sthApanAkA bhI yahI rahasya hai| isI prakAra tAlAba kuMzrA, AdikI pratiSThAkA bhI ukta tAtparya hai, arthAt devI devatAoMkI vibhUtikI hI sthApanA hotI hai arhanta, indrAdi svayaM nahIM Ate haiM / mUrti pUjA sambandhI yaha jaina mAnyatA 'mAnava-deva' prakriyAkI pUrNa samarthaka hai| kyoMki jinadeva svayameva ananta guNoMke puJja mukta 'mAnava' haiM jo phira kabhI bhI saMsArameM avatAra nahIM leNge| ve vaidika dharmake alaukika zakti sampanna sarvathA deva svarUpa brahmA, viSNu, ziva aAdi 'deva-mAnava' ke samAna nahIM haiM jo svayaM mukta hokara bhI avatAra lete haiM / jainamUrti kalAkA vizleSaNa karate samaya vaidika tathA jaina mAnyatAke mahattvapUrNa bheda para dRSTi rakhanA Avazyaka hai / mUrti pUjAkA vikAsa IsakI prathama athavA dvitIya zatIkA anta Ate Ate jainaloga pUrNa manuSya rUpakI mUrtiyoMkI pUjA karane lage the yaha pramANa siddha niSkarSa hai| yadyapi samrATa khAravelane apane khaMDagirIke hastiguphoM zilAlekhameM arhat mUrtikA ullekha kiyA hai, jise loga aspaSTa sA mAnate haiM / tathA saMdigdha bhAvase usakI vyAkhyA karate haiM / inhIM guphAoMmeM zilAoMkoM kATakara banAyI gayo kucha mUrtiyAM bhI milatI haiM / ina sabako chor3akara yadi mathurAke kaMkAlI TIlese nikalI pUrNa mAnavAkAra sarasvatIkI mUrtiko hI leN| aura usapara par3I tithikA vicAra kareM to yaha mUrti jaina mUrtikalAko kuSANa kAlataka le jAtI hai| 1-sAkAra vA nirAkAre vidhinA yo vidhIyate / nyAsastadidamityuktvA pratiSThA sthApanA ca sA / / sthApyam dharmAnuvandhAGga guNI gauga guNo'thavA / guNo gauNaguNI tatra jinAdyanyatamo guNI / / (paDitAcArya AzAdharakRta pratisAroddhAra pR0 1.) 2 "bhuvanapati, vyantara, jyotiSI, vaimAnikAnAM tattadadhiSThAnAd prabhAvasiddhimUrtipu, gRhavApikAnAM tathaiva / siddhAnAM cAhadAdInAM pratividhI kRte tatpratimAMyAM prabhAvavyAtira kaH saMghaTane tatra na teSAM muktipadavInAmatAraH, kintu pratiSThA devatA pravezAdeva samya dRSTiH surAdhiSThAnAcca prabhAvaH / " (AcAra dinakara pR. 141) 22 169
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha khaNDagirikI to kahanA hI kyA hai / vahAM para zilAoM para hI digambara jinoMkI bar3I mUrtiyAM banI haiM jinake donoM pAzvoM meM padmAsana caturmukha jina mUrtiyAM haiM / yaha mUrtiyAM do yugoMkI mUrtikalAke dRSTAnta haiM / prathama yugakI mUrtiyAM samAna haiM unameM koI vizeSa cinha nahIM hai kintu dUsare yugakI mUrtiyoMke AsanoM para tIrthaMkaroM ke cinha bane haiM / mUrti-zAstra jinameM kevala mUrti nirmANakA sarvAGga varNana hai ve tathA pratiSThA grantha, jo prakaraNa vaza hI mUrti nirmANa para prakAza DAlate haiM IsAkI navamI tathA dasavIM zatIke bAda pracura saMkhyA meM likhe gaye haiM / isa parase hama yahI niSkarSa nikAlate haiM ki prArambhika yugameM sAmAnya rUpase mUrti pUjA kA Adarza jainoMko mAnya thA tathA zAsana devatAdi kI vistRta mUrti pUjA para usa samaya utanA adhika dhyAna nahIM diyA jAtA thA / saMbhava hai ki svAbhAvika tathA Adarza jainamUrti pUjA para tAMntrika prabhAvake kAraNa hI uttara kAlameM dasavIM zatIke lagabhaga zAsana devatAdikI pUjA-pratiSThA prArambha ho gayI ho / itanA nizcita hai ki IsAkI caudahavIM zatIke lagabhaga jainamUrti kalAkA pUrNa vikAsa ho cukA thaa| mUrtiyoMke AkAra prakArakI samasta bAteM vyavasthita ho cukI thiiN| tathA isa samayakI mUrtiyAM zAsana devatA, AdikI choTI choTI mUrtiyoMse ghirI rahatI thiiN| mUrti nirmANa tathA unakI vizeSatA viSayaka zAstrIya niyamoMko likhanekI paddhati bahuta pahilese calI AyI hai| zrIThakkara pherU kRta 'vatthusAra payaraNam' (vi saM0 1372 1,315 I0) ke anusAra vimbake Upara tIna chatra honA cAhiye / ve itane gahare tathA gola honA cAhiye ki nAsikAko DhaMka sake / mUrtike donoM ora yakSa tathA yakSiNI honA cAhiye tathA zrAsana para navagrahoMke AkAra khude rahanA caahiye| mUrtikI UMcAIkA pramANa aMguloM meM honA cAhiye jo gyArahase adhika na ho| yadi mUrti pASANase banI ho to vaha sarvathA nirdoSa (dhabbA, lakIra, Adi rahita ) eka pASANa khaNDakI honI cAhiye / pUrvollikhita 'zrAkAra dinakara' jisakI racanA 15 vIM zatImeM huI thI, bhI ukta vyavasthAaoMkA poSaka hai / usameM likhA hai ki gharake caityAlayameM virAjamAna mUrti (gRha-bimba) kI UMcAI gyAraha aMgulase adhika nahIM hI honA cAhiye / mUrtike lie lAye gaye pASANa yA lakar3IkI parIkSAke viSayameM 'viveka-vilAsa, meM pUrI prakriyA milatI hai| usameM likhA hai pise cAvaloMkA ubalA lepa nariyalakI girIke sAtha milAkara mUrtiko lagAnese hI usaparakI lakIra Adi prakaTa ho jAtI hai / udAharaNa ke lie; yadi mUrtipara madhu, bhasma, gur3a, AkAza, kapota, atyanta lAla, gulAbI, pIlA, nAraMgI, tathA kaI raMgoMkI lakIreM hoM to samajhanA cAhiye ki pattharameM khadyota (jugunU ) vAlUkaNa, lAlameMDhaka, pAnI, chipakalI, meMDhaka, giragiTa, nakra, cUhA, sAMpa tathA bicchU avazya hoMge phalataH aisA pASANa tyAjya hai| paMDitAcArya AzAdharajo ke pratiSThA sAroddhArase jJAta hotA hai ki digambara paramparA bhI isa dizAmeM pUrNa jAgarUka thI / usameM likhA hai ki sundara raMgakA daidIpyamAna pASANa hI mUrti banAne yogya hotA hai usameM dhabbe, lakIreM, Adi 1 viveka vilAsakA uddharaNa vatthusAra, payaraNam pR0 83 / 2 ekA dazAMgula bimba sarvakAmArthakArakama / etatpramANaMkhyAtaM tato Urjana kArayet || AcAra dinakara pR0 143 / 170
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________________ jaina pratIka tathA mUrtipUjA koI doSa nahIM honA cAhiye / bajAne para TaMkArakI dhvani zranI cAhiye / yadi gharake cautyAlaya ke lie mUrti hai to vaha eka vitasti ( 12 aMgula ) se UMcI nahIM honI cAhiye / lejAne yogya mUrtiyoMko zrAsana para mandira meM rakkhA jA sakatA hai gharU caityAlaya meM nahIM / pUjanIya mUrtimeM koI bhI doSa nahIM honA cAhiye, anyathA vaha azubha ho jAtI hai / koI bhI aMga khaNDita nahIM honA cAhiye virUpa bhI nahIM honA cAhiye, jainadevoMke AkAra meM bhrAnti nahIM honA cAhiye / unake vakSasthala para zrIvatsa avazya honA cAhiye / DAr3hI, mUMcha, zrAdike bAloMke cinha nahIM honA cAhiye, usake sAtha aSTa prAtihArya bhI honA cAhiye / vizeSa camatkArakI bAta to yaha hai ki mUrtikI bhAvabhaMgI para pUrA dhyAna diyA gayA hai, yathA-mUrtiko netrahIna nahIM honA cAhiye apitu ve na to adhika khulI honI cAhiye aura na kama khulI hI, UparakI aura bhI dRSTi nahIM honI cAhiye, na kaTAkSa hI hone cAhiye aura na sarvathA nIce kI hI ora honI cAhiye ' apitu 'nAsA - dRSTi' ( nAkapara dRSTi ) honI cAhiye, tAki usase sthiratA aura viraktikA bhAna ho / 1 'sadvarNAtyanta tejaskA bindure khAdyadUSitA / sazabdA sasvarA cArhad bimbAya pravarA - zilA ||" 2 vasunandikRta pratiSThAsArasaMgraha, adhyAya 4 | 171 ( pratiSThA sAroddhAra pR0 6 )
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________________ jainadharmameM kAladravya zrI prA0 ya. ja. padmarAjaiyyA, ema. e. jainadharma anekAtmaka yathArtha-vAda hai / isake anusAra eka dravya cetana tathA pAMca dravya jar3a haiN| isameM pratipAdita kAla dravyakI 'sat' svarUpatA nyAya vaizeSikake samAna hote hue bhI usase viziSTa hai| kAla dravya do prakArakA hai 1 nizcayakAla tathA 2-vyavahAra kAla / nizcayakAla lokAkAzake pradezoMmeM vyApta kAla paramANu svarUpa hai / kAlANu parasparameM sambaddha nahIM haiN| ataH vaha astikAya nahIM hai / ve kAlANu eka, ratnoMkI mAlAke samAna haiN| vargasana' ke anusAra samayake sthAnAntaraNase utpanna parivartana tathA elekjeNDarake matase kSetra-samayake saMyogase utpanna pariNAma kSetrake samAna; jainadRSTi se vartanA nizcaya-kAladravyakA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa hai| kAlakI sAkSAt dRSTa bhinnatA arthAt pRthak pRthak kAla tathA eka kAla-dhArAke bhedakA kAraNa vastuoMkI dravya tathA paryAyarUpa avasthAeM hI haiN| kAla dravyoMke parivartanameM nimitta kAraNa mAtra hai| vastuaoMke 'pariNAma' tathA kriyAke dvArA hI vyavahAra kAlakA jJAna hotA hai| yathA saMsArameM honevAlA prAcIna, navIna grAdi vyvhaar| jitane samayameM pudgalakA eka paramANu ekase dasare kAla pradezameM pahuMcatA hai utanA kAlakA sUkSmatama parimANa hI hai / ghaMTA, dina, muhUrta, zrAdi samayake parimANa vyavahAra kRta haiN| kAla dravya viSayaka jaina mAnyatAkA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa yahI hai ki use jagatake padArthoMmeM sArabhUta * padArtha mAnA hai| padArtha vyavasthA-- yataH jainadharma dvaitAtmaka' (anekAntAtmaka ) yathArthavAda hai phalataH usakI dRSTimeM bhautika vizvake nirmAtA pAMca ajIva dravya...-1-pudgala, 2-dharma, (gatikA nirapekSa nimitta) 3-adharma ( sthiti kA nirapekSa nimitta), 4-zrAkAza (avakAza dAtA) tathA 5-kAla haiN| jIva sacetana dravya hai jise milAne para saba dravya chaha hote haiM / ye hI isa vizvake nirmAtA, Adi haiN| 1. ananta jIva mAnaneke kAraNa bhI yaha anekAtmaka dvaita svarUpa hai / brahmAdvaita, Adike samAna nahIM / 172
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________________ jainadharma meM kAladravya . jaina dharmakI samasta prakiyA isalie hai ki baddha AtmAkA vikAsa ho aura vaha siddhatvako prApta kara sake / isa prakriyAmeM bhautika jagata usa kSetrakA kAma detA hai jisameM jIvakA ajIvase saMgrAma hotA hai aura antameM vaha vijayI hotA hai| ___ jaina dharmameM kAla dravyako jisa mAtrAmeM yathArthatA evaM anivArya padArthatA prApta huI vaha bhAratake anya kisI darzana meM nahIM milatI, kevala nyAyavaizeSika hI eka aisA darzana hai jisane isakA padArtha rUpase vivecana kiyA hai / aAdhunika bauddhika jagatmeM bhI, dArzanika, bhautika vijJAnake paMDita, gaNitajJa tathA manovaijJAnikoMke sAmane kAlakI samasyA hai / phalataH syAdvAdane kAla dravyako kisa dRSTi se dekhA hai isakA prakAzana AjakI vicAradhArA kI nizcita hI sahAyatA kara skegaa| kAla dravyakA svarUpa Upara dekha cuke haiM ki jaina dArzanikoMne kAlake nizcaya tathA vyavahAra ye do bheda kiye haiN| pUrNa lokAkAzake AkAza pradezoMmeM vyApta kAlANu hI nizcaya kAla haiM / ina kAlANuoMmeM baMdhakA kAraNa vaha zakti nahIM hai jisake kAraNa ye skandha rUpa dhAraNa kara skeN| ataeva ratnoMkI rAzise2 inakI tulanA kI jAtI hai / isa upamAkA aAdhAra kevala itanA hI hai ki kAlANu mAlAmeM baddha ratnoMke samAna pRthaka pRthak hI rahate haiM aura astikAya rUpa dhAraNa nahIM karate / kyoMki astikAya vahI dravya kahalAtA hai jisameM astitva tathA kAyatva ye donoM dharma hoN| kAlANutroMmeM astitva mAtra hai kAyatva nahIM hai phalataH use astikAyoMmeM nahIM ginA hai / zeSa pAMcoM dravya astikAya haiM kyoMki unameM kAyatva. arthAt bahu-pradezitva pAyA jAtA hai| kAlANu Urva pracaya rUpa hote haiN| inameM aAkAza pradezoMke samAna tiryakpracaya nahIM hotaa| 'akrama ghaTanAaoMkI mAlAkA yoga kAla-dravyakA svarUpa nahIM hai apitu bhUtase vartamAna taka calI AyI sthAyitvakI ( vrtn| ) dhArA hI usakA svarUpa hai" isa mAnyatAko yahAM pradhAnatA dI gayI hai / jagatakI vastutroMmeM UrdhvapracayakI mAnyatAkA mUlAdhAra saMsArakI dhaTanAoMkI uttarottara agragAmitA, vRddhi tathA vikAsa hI mAlUma dete haiM / tathA dUsarA hetu kAlANuoMmeM astikAyatAkA abhAva to spaSTa hI hai| 1 ajIva pudgala dravya hai jo kArmANa vargaNAke rUpameM jIvase cipaka jAtA hai . aura usake Atmika guNoMko AvRya kara detA hai| 2 paramArthakAla, mukhkhakAla tathA dravvakAla nizcayakAlake nAma haiM, paryAya kAla tathA samaya ye vyavahAra kAlake nAma haiN| 3 dravyasaMgraha-gAthA 22 // 4 e. cakravatIkRta paMcAstikAya samayasArakI bhUmikA, tathA gAthA 49 evaM usakI TIkA va. bI phaiTagona kRta pravacanasArakA anuvAda /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vartanAkA mahattva sthAyitvakI ekatA (vartanA) hI kAlakA pradhAna lakSaNa hai| yadi yaha na ho to saMsAra ur3atI huI kSaNikatAkA pradarzana mAtra ho jAyagA / yahI kAraNa hai ki akalaMkabhaTTa' aise mahAnU prAcAryoMne kAladravyameM 'vartanA' ko itanI adhika pradhAnatA dI hai! isI sthAyitva vizeSatAke kAraNa jagatakI vastutroMmeM sthAyitva tathA vRddhi hotI hai / bargasanake anusAra kSetravibhAgake kAraNa kAlakI ekatA hai tathA elekjeNDarake matase kSetra kAlAtmaka parivartanakA sAMcA (prakriyA) isakA kAraNa hai kintu jaina darzana vartanAko hI isakA kAraNa mAnatA hai| kAla svarUpakI vyAkhyA __ sva svarUpakI apekSA kAla aNurUpa hai kintu usakA lakSaNa 'vartanA' athavA sAtatya hai / samayameM pRthaktA tathA ekatA sahabhAvi haiM / yaha bar3A vaicitrya hai kintu kAlakI pRthakatA tathA vartanAmeM samanvaya siddha karaneke lie zrI 'barTANDa rasala' dvArA diye gaye bhautika, manovaijJAnika tathA tArkika hetu jaina dRSTikA hI samarthana karate haiM / kintu isa Apattiko jainadharmakRta vastu svabhAva vyavasthA tathA kAlakA svarUpa sahaja hI sarala kara dete haiM / utpAda (nUtana paryAya ), vyaya ( pUrva paryAya vinAza ) tathA prauvya ( mUla dravyakA sthAyitva ) hI dravyakA svarUpa hai| kAla dravyameM bhI ye tInoM hote haiM / dravya sAmAnya dhruvatva aura paryAyatvameM koI virodha nahIM hai usI prakAra kAlakI pratyeka kSaNakI pRthakatA tathA vartanAmeM koI pUrvApara virodha nahIM hai| jaina darzanAnusAra pratikSaNakI paryAya rUpatA tathA vartanA (sthAyitva ) athavA vinAza aura sthAyitva sAtha hI sAtha calate haiN| pariNAma hetutA vastuoMke parivartana tathA kAlakI jainadharma sammata sApekSatAkA siddhAnta jaina mAnyatAkI rocaka vastu hai / zrInemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI kahate haiM 'kAla vahI hai jo vastuke parivartanameM sahAyatA kare / " kintu kAla parivartanoMkA nimitta hI hai jaise ki kumbhakArake cakrake nIcekA pASANa cakrakI gatimeM nimitta hotA hai vaha gatiko utpanna nahIM karatA" / 'samaya svameva sadbhUta kAraNa hai' bargasanakI isa mAnyatAke yaha pratikUla par3atA hai / phalataH ise hama kAlakI nimittatA tathA upAdAnatAkA vivAda kaha sakate haiM / 1 "vartanAgrahaNamAdI abhyarhitatvAt / rAjavArtika pR0 229 2 'avara noleja opha eksaTarnala varlDa' pR0 145 3 tattvArthasUtra a0 5 sU0 30 / 4 dravyasaMgraha gAthA 11 / 5 "svakIyopAdAnarUpeNa svameva pariNamamAnAnAM padArthAnAM kumbhakAracakrAyAghastana zilAvat / 'padArthapariNate yatsahakAritvaM sA vartanA manyate // " (pUrvokta gAthA 21 kI vRtti) 174
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________________ jainadharma meM kAladravya vyavahAra kAla syAdvAda meM vyavahAra kAla tathA nizcaya kAlameM kyA sambandha hai ? vyavahAra kAlako 'samaya' zabdase kahA hai jaba ki nizcaya kAlako 'kAla' zabdase hI kahA hai| vastuoMmeM hone vAle pariNAma tathA kriyA dvArA hI samayakA bhAna hotA hai| vaha kAlAtmaka parazva (dUra) tathA aparatva vyavahArakA mUla srota hai| nizcaya kAlake dvArA apane pariNAmakA nizcaya kAraneke kAraNa samaya parAyata ( parAdhIna) hai| kSaNa, ghaMTA, dina, varSa, Adi usake pariNAma haiN| eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza taka jAnemeM RNuko jo samaya lagatA hai use hI samaya ( kAlakA sabase choTA pramANa ) kahate haiM / isI ikAIse ghaMTA, dina, varSa, Adi banate hai / jagatakI sughaTita ghaTanAoM ke AdhArapara hone vAle ghaMTA, dina, Adi bhedoMke nizcayake samAna samayakI satAkA nirNAyaka nikAla hai| vyavahAra kAlako upacArase kAla kahate haiN| jyotiSI devoMkI gati tathA vastUpariNamanake AdhArapara samaya medakI mAnyatA jaina darzanako dRSTimeM utanI hI bhrAnta hai jitanA isa prakArakI gati tathA kriyAko unakI sattAkA kAraNa mAnanA hai / kAla dravyakA jaina vivecana vidhyAtmaka dRSTise isalie mahattvakA hai ki vaha kAlako vizva ke padArthoMmeM antaraMga aura mUla tattva mAnatA hai / 'nyUTanake prinsipA' kA nimna uddharaNa jaina mAnyatA kI pratidhvani mAtra hai- 'zuddha tathA svastha samaya bAhirI vastuyoMkI apekSA na karake apane sahaja svabhAvAnusAra sama gati se calatA hai jisakA dUsarA nAma sthAyitva ( vartanA) hai" parasya parasya Adi ApekSika, bAhya tathA sAdhAraNa (vyavahAra) samayarUpa mAna vAhya tathA indriyajanya hai jisakA nirNaya pariNAma se hotA hai| yadyapi yaha ThIka tathA aprAmANika bhI hotA hai| isakA zuddha samaya (nizcaya kAla ) ke sthAnapara vyavahAra hotA hai, jaise ghaMTA, dina, mAsa, varSa, Adi / 1 1 odana - pAka pariNAmakA udAharaNa hai| sUryakA bhramaNa gatikA dRSTAnta hai| vizeSa rAgavArtika pR0 227 pravacagasAra kArikA 21-23 / 2 pravacanasAra gAthA 47 tathA TIkA | 175
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti - zrI prA0 gorAvAlA khuzAla jaina, ema0 e0; sAhityAcArya, Adi, dharma, artha, kAma tathA mokSa isa caturvarga samanvita manuSya jIvanameM dharma pradhAna hai kyoMki antatogatvA vahI mokSakA sAdhaka hotA hai / artha tathA kAma usake sAdhaka aMga haiM jaisA ki "tInoMke paraspara virodhI sevana dvArA hI mAnava jIvanake dina sArthaka hote haiM kathana se spaSTa hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina sAhitya meM jIva- uddhAra, Atma-vidyA yA dharmazAstrakI bahulatA hai / "" kavi kalpanA ke sukumAra vilAsa kAvya bhI isase achUte nahIM haiM / kintu isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM ki jaina sAhityane mAnava jIvanakI upekSA karake kevala Upara ( svarga, mokSa ) athavA nIce (naraka) dekhanekI hI zikSA dI hai tathA khoMke sAmane khar3e saMsArakI upekSA kI hai / "apane bhale ke lie utsuka kisI honahAra vyaktine zAnta sundara vanameM baiThe mUrtimAna darzana-jJAna- caritra gurUjI se pUchA 'bhagavana ! merA bhalA kisameM hai ? uttara milA zrAtyantika svataMtratA (mokSa) meM vaha kaise ho ? saccI dRSTi, jJAna tathA caritra dvArA / yaha tInoM kaise prApta ho sakate haiM ? tattvoMke zraddhAna, jJAna tathA zrAcaraNa dvArA tattva kyA haiM? cetana tathA acetana, unakA zrAkarSaNa, sambandha, virakti, viyoga tathA zrAtma svarUpaprApti ye sAta tattva hai ?" isa prakAra jaina dharma zAstrako dekhane para jJAta hotA hai ki inhoMne "jIvakI jIvikA tathA jIva uddhAra" kA sAMgopAMga pratipAdana kiyA hai / manuSya saMsAra hI meM na phaMsa jAya isalie unhoMne apane vyAkhyAnoMmeM hI muktiko pradhAnatA nahIM dI apitu saMsAra tathA mokSa ke prarUpaka zAstrako bhI dharmazAstra hI nAma diyA / phalataH prANizAstra, bhUgola, bhautika, Adi vividha vijJAna, jIvakI sampatti, rAjya, Adi samasta vyavasthAeM dharmazAstra se anuprANita haiM aura dharmazAstra ke aMga haiN| udAharaNArtha zrAjake yugakI pradhAna samasyA sampattiko lIjiye -sthUla dRSTi se dekhane para koI 'jaina sampatti zAstra' aisI pustaka nahIM milatI aura kahA jA sakatA hai ki 1 " ahAni yAnti trayasevayaiva / " sAgAradharmA0 1,15 / 2 pratyeka kAvyameM nAyaka Adarza gRhastha jIvanase virakta hotA hai aura tapa karake jJAnako pUrNa karatA hai tathA dharmopadeza detA hai / dRSTavya puruSadeva campU, dharmazarmAbhyudaya, Adi aneka kAvya / 3 AcArya pUjyapAda kRta sarvArthasiddhikI utthAnikA pR0 1 tathA mokSazAstra, Adi / 176
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti dharmazAstra kyoM pddh'| jAya usase Arthika samasyAkA hala to hotA nhiiN| para sthiti aisI nahIM hai / yadi manuSyake antaraMga zatru sahaja-vizvAsakAritA, bhrAnti tathA ajJAnake lie samyak darzana tathA jJAnakA vizada pratipAdana hai, yuddhAdi hiMsAtroMse bacAneke lie ahiMsA, asatya vyavahAra tathA kUTanIti (DiplomaisI) ke lie satya. vyaktigata corI tathA rASTriya antArASTriya Arthika zoSaNase bacAneke lie acaurya tathA strIko sammAna aura samAnatA jinAkArInirodha evaM susantAnake lie brahmacaryakA upadeza hai to pUMjIvAdake mastakapara kacce tAgemeM baMdhI 'aparigraha' rUpI talavAra bhI laTaka rahI hai| kyA devapUjA, yuktAhAra-vihAra, Adi karanese hI manuSyake kartavya pala jAte haiM ? jaina dharmazAstra uttara detA hai 'nahIM' / dhArmika honeke lie pahalI zarta yahI hai ki dhana nyAyapUrvaka kamAye / nyAyase bhI yadi adhika kamAye to kyA kare ? devapUjA gurusevA, aAdike samAna hI jJAna, auSadhi, aAhArAdikI vyavasthAmeM unake lie ussarga kara de jo abhAvagrasta haiM / kyA aise vyavasAya kara sakatA hai jisameM hiMsA ho arthAt dUsaroMkI AjIvikA jAtI ho, dUsaroMko apane zrama tathA sAdhanAke phalase vaJcita honA par3atA ho, Adi ? uttara milatA hai kadApi nahIM / aisA vyakti ahiMsaka bhI nahIM ho sakatA 'nyAyopAtta dhanaH' to bahuta bAdameM AnevAlI yogyatA hai / kintu isaparase yaha anumAna karanA ki "jaina dharmameM paramparayA sampatti vyavasthAke saMketa haiM' zIghra-kAritA ho gI / kyoMki jainadharma spaSTa kahatA hai ki yadi hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, vyabhicArase bacanA hai to parigrahase bco| isa vratakA vibecana to spaSTa evaM sarvAGgINa sampatti zAstra hai| Ajake vikRta mAnava jIvana ke pAMca dvAra haiM / una pAMcoMmeM se eka, ekapara eka eka pApa karake hI manuSya praveza pA sakatA hai / aAjake tathokta ziSTa prathama cAra dvAroMse praveza karate hue sakucAte haiM / kintu paJcama dvArapara pahuMcate hI socate haiM "parigraha kara lo isameM hiMsAdi pApa to haiM nahIM" pariNAma vahI ho rahA hai jo usa paurANika vyaktikI dazA huI thI jisane mAMsabhakSaNa, madyapAna tathA vezyAgamanase bacakara bhI junA khelanA svIkAra kara liyA thA aura phira usake bAda pUrva tyakta tInoM kukarma bhI kiye the| isI prakAra parigrahakA icchuka vyakti sarvaprathama a-svastha, anuzAsana hIna arthAt abrahmacArI hotA hai, usake lie corI karatA hai, corIko chipAneke lie asatya vyavahAra karatA hai aura asatyase utpanna anarthoM ko nyAyocita siddha karaneke lie hiMsAkI zaraNa lI jAtI hai| arthAt pApa utpattikA krama vratakramakA 1 "nyAyasampanna vibhavaH ...gRhidharmAyakalpate / ' (yogazAla 1, 47-56) "nyAyopAttadhanaH. sAgAradharma caret / " (sAgaradharmA0 1 11) 2 devapUjA gurUpAsti...dAnaM ceti gRhasthAno SaTkarmANi dine dine / " 3 sAgAradharmAmRta 5, 21-23 / 4 yogazAstra 2, 110-11 sAgaradhA04,63-65 / 23
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha pUrNa vloma hai kyoMki ahiMsAkI pUrNatAke lie ' satya Avazyaka hotA hai / satyake Ate hI corI vaJcanA asaMbhava hotI hai, isake kAraNa kAmAcAra ruka jAtA hai phalataH brahmacarya pAtA hai aura brahmacarya ke udita hote hI usakI maryAdAko supuSTa karaneke lie sutarAM vyakti aparigrahI ho jAtA hai / parigrahameM pApa kalpanA kintu zrAzcarya to yaha hai ki parigrahako anarthoMkA nimitta kahakara tathA saMcayakI muktakaMThase nindA karake bhI kisI dharmane parigrahako spaSTa rUpase pApoMmeM nahIM ginaayaa| adhikase adhika yahI kiyA ki use yamoMmeM arthAt vizeSa vratoMmeM ginA diyA hai| kintu jainadharmane parigrahako utanA hI bar3A tathA ghAtaka pApa kahA hai jitane bar3e tathA bhISaNa hiMsA, Adi haiN| itanA hI nahIM muktiko bhI unhoMne parigraha hInatA pUrvaka ma nA jaisA aAdi-jaina ( digambara ) paramparAse suspaSTa hai | hiMsAdi aise pApa haiM jinakI pAparUpatA jagatakI dRSTimeM spaSTa hai, kartA bhI sakucAtA hai kyoMki zAsana vyavasthA bhI inheM aparAdha mAnatI hai aura daNDa detI hai| kintu sampatti yA parigraha aisA pApa hai jise vizva pApa to kahe kauna burA bhI nahIM smjhtaa| bhautika-samAjavAdI bhI isake vyaktigata-sampatti honeke viruddha haiM rASTrIkaraNa athavA samAjI karaNa karake isakI amaryAda vRddhiko ve apanA lakSya mAnate haiM / kintu jainadharmakI dRSTimeM pratyeka avasthAmeM parigraha pApa hai jaisA ki nimna lakSaNoMse spaSTa haiparigraha-parimANa ke lakSaNa ___ isa yugake prAcInatama AcArya kundakundane grahastha dharmakA varNana karate hue kevala 'pariggahAraMbha parimANaM" kaha kara apane yuga ( I0 pU0 prathama zatI) ke sahaja sAttvika samAjako kevala suvarNa, zrAbharaNa Adi parigraha tathA sevA, kRSi, vANijya, Adi prArambhoMko AvazyakatAke anukUla rakhanekA Adeza diyA thA / kintu vIraprabhuke tth| kevaliyoMke bAda jyoM jyoM samaya bItatA gayA tyoM tyoM loga unake upadezako bhUlate gaye / vaha samaya tathA mandakaSAyI (sarala) samAja bhI na rahe jo 'sAdhAraNa saMketa ko pAkara hI pApake bApa parigraha' se baca jAte phalataH manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa bhI zrAvazyaka huaa| isa zreNIke zrAcAyoM meM sarvaprathama prAcArya umAsvAmi haiM jinake tattvArthasUtra athavA mokSazAstrakI 1 'satyAdIni tatpariSAlanArthAni, savyasya vRttiparikSepavat" sarvA0 si0 pR0 200 tathA rAjavA0 pR0 269 2 "ahiMsA satyamasteya brAcayA-parigrahAH / " yogasUtra 2,30 / 3 tatvArtha sUtra 7,1 tathA samasta TIkAeM / 4 dRSTaNya pratimAkrama, SaSThaguNasthAna, parISahAdi vivecana / 5 caritra prAbhRta gA0 23 / 6. dazadharma pUjA~meM zauca dharmakA bhAga / 178
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti mUla jainasampradAyake sivA uttara kAlIna sampradAyoMmeM bhI pUrNa mAnyatA hai / inake anusAra mUrchA (arthAt gAya, bhaiMsa, maNi, muktA, Adi bAhya tathA rAga, dveSa, Adi antaraMga para-padArthoM ke saMrakSaNa rUpa svabhAva) hI parigraha hai ' / 'mUrchA' zabdakA prayoga hI usa samayake samAjakI mAnasika sthitikA sUcaka hai| sUtra grantha honeke kAraNa isa lakSaNameM vaha vizadatA nahIM hai jo zrA0 kundakundake saMketameM hai| vizeSakara uta vaijJAnika sAvadhAnIkA to zrAbhAsa bhI nahIM hai jo ki svAmI kArtikeyake upadezakA vaiziSThaya hai| unakI dRSTimeM AtmatRpta hokara saMtoSa amRta dvArA lobhakA vinAza, saMsArakI vinAza zIlatAke kAraNa tRSNA nAgina kA hanana tathA dhana, dhAnya, suvarNa, kSetra, zrAdikA parimANa mAtra parigrai parimANa nahIM hai, apitu parimita parigrahI honeke lie ukta tyAgake pahile kAryakArI upayoga-aAvazyakatA ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai| arthAt yatheccha parimANa karanA aparigraha nahIM hai apitu zarIra tathA zrAtmAkA prazasta sambandha banAye rakhane ke lie anivArya AvazyakatA anusAra parimANa karanA hI parigrahaparimANa vrata haiM / svAmI samantabhadrakI krAnti-- jaba hama syAdvAdAvatAra svAmI samantabhadrako dekhate haiM to svAmI kArtikeyake saMketako bhASya rUpameM pAte haiM / ve dhana, dhAnya, Adi parigrahakA parimANa karake usase adhikameM nispRha rahe kahakara hI parigraha viratikA upadeza samApta nahIM karate apitu 'icchA parimANa' nAma dekara vratake sAdhyako mukhokta kara dete haiM / arthAt yatheccha parimANa kara lenA vrata nahIM hai apitu icchAkA nirodha bhI Avazyaka hai / AcAryako mAnava manaHsthiti 'lAbhAllobhaH prapajAyate' kA spaSTa jJAna thaa| ve jAnate the ki jIvanameM sahasra rupayA kamAnekI yogyatA na rakhanevAlA bhI lAkhoMkA niyama kregaa| 'yena kena prakAreNa sampatti kamAnemeM lIna buddhimAna puruSa karor3oM, aravoMkA niyama karegA, khUba dAna dekara tyAgamUrti bhI banegA aura svayaM bhI vratake zava ( karor3oMkA parimANa) ko lie hue vratI tathA netA banegA / apane jIvanake anubhavoM ke AdhAra parabhI unheM yaha jJAna thA ki manuSya grahIta niyamake aAtmAko nikAlakara bhI kisa kuzalatAse vAhya rUpako banAye rakhatA hai phalataH unhoMne "icchA parimANa' se svAmI kArtikeyake kAryakArI mAtra vastuoM kA parimANa adhika athavA vilAsa sAdhaka vastu parimANa nahIM, para spaSTa jora diyA / phalataH spaSTa hai ki jaina sAhityake prathama yugake prAcAryoMne vizva samAjameM sampattiko lekara honevAlI avyavasthAaoMko rokane ke lie yahI vyavasthA kI thI ki manuSya kSetra, dhana, dhAnya, gRha, kupya (sUtI, UnI, rezamI vastra, mAlya 1. "mUrchA parigrahaH" tattvArthasUtra, 1,7 / 2. 'svAmI kArtikeyAnupekSA "upaoga jANittA aNNuvvayaM pacamaM tassa" gA0 339-40 3. "dhana dhAnyAMdigrantha parimAyi tatodhikeSu niHspRhatA / parimita parigrahaH syAdicchA parimANa nAmapi // " ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 315 ' 4. ratnakhaNDa 3, 15 kI vyAkhyA pR. 46 / (mA. gra. mA.) 179
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha anulepana Adhunika pAuDara krIma, sAbuna, Adi ), zayyA, zrAsana ( moTara, Adi), dvipada ( manuSya dAsI, dAsa ) pazu tathA bhANDa ( saba prakArake bartana, Adi) ke sthUla bhedase daza prakArake pAragrahako utanA hI rakhe jitanA usake lie kAryakArI' ho arthAt jisake na honese jIvana yAtrAke ruka jAnekI AzaMkA ho| lakSaNoMke bhASya zrAcArya umAsvAmike 'tattvArtha sUtra' ko mAnava jIvanake sakala manorathoMkA pUraka banA denekA zreya pUjyapAda svAmIko hai / parigrahake lakSaNa kA sUtra tathA usake viratiparaka bhASyako lIjiye. 'mUrchA kyA hai? gAya, bhaiMsa, maNi, muktA, cetana-jar3a Adi bAhya tathA moha janya rAgAdi pariNAma rUpa antaraMga upAdhiyoMke arjana, saMrakSaNAdi svarUpa saMskArakA na chUTanA hI mUchA hai / taba to AdhyAtmika hI parigraha yA mUrchA ho gI vAhya chUTa jAyagA ? satya hai, pradhAna honeke kAraNa antaraMga parigraha hI parigraha hai / kyoM ki dhana-dhAnyAdi na honepara bhI yaha merA hai, isa saMkalpa mAtrase jIva parigrahI ho jAtA hai| atha bAhya parigraha nahIM hI hotA hai ? hotA hI hai 'mamedam' mUrchAkA kAraNa hone se / samyakajJAnAdiko bhI rAgAdike samAna parigrahatva A jAya gA ? nahIM, 'pramattayogAt' hI mUrchA parigraha hai / samayaka darzana-jJAnacAritravAn apramatta hotA hai, use moha nahIM hotA ataH vaha parigrahI nahIM hotaa| ye AtmAke hI rUpa haiM, rAgAdi karmakRta haiM / ataeva inameM saMkalpa hone se parigraha hotA hai aura usI se samasta doSa hote haiM / 'mamedam' saMkalpa hote hI saMrakSaNAdi anivArya ho jAte haiM unake samArambha meM hiMsA anivArya hai / isake lie jhUTha bhI bolatA hai| corI ( cuGgI, zrAyakara Adi se prArambha hokara cora bAjArI Adi meM pariNata hotI hai) bhI karatA hai / tathA vyabhicAra bhI karatA karAtA hai / isa prakAra yaha bhASya parigrahako saba pApoM kI khAna tathA kAyika yA bAhya parigrahako hI pApa nahIM batAtA apitu usake manovaijJAnika rUpako bhI 'hAthakA kaMgana' kara detA hai| zrAjake sarvottama arthazAstrI mArksavAdo bhI kevala 'sampatti ke vyaktigata svAmitva'ko hI heya samajhate haiM kintu jainadharma kahatA hai ki sampatti kA rASTrIyakaraNa yA samAjIkaraNa bhI paryApta nahIM hai| sabase ghAtaka tathA nikaSTa sampatti to yaha hai jo kahatA hai 'rUsa merA, mArksavAda merA, zrAdi' / arthAt sampattikA tathokta samAna vibhAjana (pratyeka se usakI sAmarthya bhara kAma lenA aura usakI 1. kArtikeyAnu prekSA gA. 340 kI vyAkhyA-''upayoga jJAtvA-kAryakAritvaM parijJAya parigrahANAM saMkhyAM karoti yaH sa paJcamANuvratadhArI syAt" ( akalaka sAra0 bhavanakI hastalikhita prati pR. 149) 2. tattvArtha sabakI unake dvArA racita TIkA yathArtha nAmA "sarvArthasididha" hai| 3. savArthasiddhi pR0 207-8 / (kallappA, bharamappA niTaveke jaina mudraNAlaya kolhApura kA prakAzana zabkAnda 1839.) 180
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti AvazyakatA bhara denA ) bhI paryAta nahIM hai / apitu isa vibhAjana ke pUrva 'mujhe bhI itanA pAnekA adhikAra hai' Adi ina saMkalpoMkI samApti anivArya hai / nahIM to prathama vizva yuddha ke bIsa varSa bAda dUsarA vizva yuddha yA aura usakI samAptike saMskAra pUrNa vinA hue hI tIsarekA sUtra pAta ho gayA hai / tathA pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA ghoSita; rASTriyatA siddhAnta athavA vAda, yAdi rUpI parigrahakA tyAga na huA to vizva yuddhamaya hokara svayaM hI vinaSTa ho jAyagA / zvetAmbara sampradAyameM tvopajJa bhAgya rUpase mAnya TIkA ne 'icchArthanA kAma - abhilASAkAMdA, gA (lolupatA ) ko hI mUrcchA" kahakara ukta bhAva ko spaSTatara kara diyA hai / arthAt ahiMsAdi ke pAlana ke lie prarigraha virati anivArya aura isake lie uparyukta satrakA na honA anivArya hai / kalaMka bhaTTakA rAjavArtika bhASya jahAM pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA ko vistRtakara ke sugama tathA pUrNa kara detA hai vahIM apanI maulika sUjha tathA pratibhA ke dvArA use kSetra kAlopayogI bhI kara detA hai / 'samasta doSa paramparA kA mUla parigraha hai' tathA 'isa parigrahake hI kAraNa vyasana rUpI mahAsamudra meM DUbanA nahIM rukatA " ye vAkya bar3e mahasva ke haiM kyoM ki jaba taka parigrahIko hatyAre, jhUThe, cora aura jinAkArake samAna nahIM samajhA jAyagA taba taka saMsArameM zAnti candrikAkA udaya asambhava hai / zAstrArthI kalaMka bhaTTane saMbhavataH "jisake dhana hai vaha sAdhu hai, vidvAn hai, guNI hai... saba kucha hai / " isa anarthakArI manovRtti para hI ukta prahAra kiyA thaa| isa zloka kA yuga prAdhyAtmika saMskRti pradhAna bhAratake sAmAjika itihAsakA nikRSTatama samaya thA / jisakI virAsata Aja bhI phalaphUla rahI hai aura apane nIcatama rUpako dhAraNa karake mAnavako bhUkhA aura naMgA banA rahI hai / mAnavatA ke itihAsa meM parigraha pApa tathA usakI viraktike ukta svarUpake pracArakI jitanI zrAvazyakatA zrAja hai utanI isake pahile kabhI nahIM thI / uttara kAlIna AcAryoM ke lakSaNa zrI hemacandra sUrikI dRSTi se " lolupatA ke phala svarUpa asaMtoSa, avizvAsa tathA Arambhako duHkhakA kAraNa mAnakara manuSya parigrahakA niyantraNa kare" parigrahaviratikA lakSaNa hai / isake bAda une kArikA dvArA parigraha kI dRSTAnta pUrvaka pAparUpatA, doSa mUlatA, saMsAra kAraNatA tathA parigraha 1. sabhApya taccArthAdhigabha sUtra pR0 161 ( paramazruta prabhAvakamaNDala kA saMskaraNa vIni. saM 2432. ) 2. rAjavArtika pR0 279, " tanmUlA: sarvadoSAnuSagAH " " ihApi anuparatavyasana mahArNavAvagAhanam / " 3. paMcataMtra, mitrabheda, zlo0 2 se 20 taka / 189
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha tyAgakI mahimAkA sAMgopAMga varNana kiyA hai| vivecanako sUtrAnusArI hote hue bhI lokopayogI banA detA to zrAcAryakI vizeSatA hI thI jo ki isameM spaSTa lakSita hotI hai| ___paMDitAcArya aAzAMdharajI "cetana, acetana tathA cetanA-cetana padArthoMmeM 'merA hai' isa saMkalpako grantha (parigraha, ulajhana ) kahate haiN| usako thor3A karanA granthaparimANa vrata hai| isake bAda do padyoM dvArA antaraMga tathA vahiraMga parigrahoMke bheda ginAye haiM / pUrvAcAryoM ke samAna sAgAradharmAmRta kAra bhI 'deza, samaya. jAti, Adiko dRSTi meM rakhate hue tathA icchAko roka kara dhana, dhAnya, zrAdikA maraNa paryanta parimANa karanekA upadeza dete haiN| vaiziSTya yaha hai ki eka bAra kiye gaye parimANako bhI yathAzakti punaH punaH kama karanekA bhI Adeza dete haiN| isa aAdezake balapara Ajakala pracalita parigraha parimANakI prathAkA katipaya sAdharmI samarthana karanA cAheMge / kintu nirbhIka, jAgarUka paM0 zrAzAdhArajI aise dharmanetAke vaktavyakI yaha vyAkhyA, vyAkhyAtAke antaraMgakA pratibimba ho sakatI hai,paM. aAzAdharajI kA saMketa nahIM / 'deza, samaya, jAtyAdi' pada to parimANakI vigata tathA apramattatAkA spaSTa sUcaka hai / arthAt vratIko vartamAna saba kSetroM, uSNa zItAdi samayoM, zrAdi sabakI avazyakatAkA khyAla karake niyama karanA cAhiye tathA ise bhI ghaTAnA cAhiye / vaDhAnA kisI bhI avasthA meM jainadharma nahIM ho sakatA / paMDitAcAryakA yaha lakSaNa somadeva sUrike "kuryAcceto nikuJcanam ' kA vizada bhASya sA lagatA hai / zrI amRtacandra sUri kA varNana bhI zrI somadeva sUrike hI samAna hai / AcArya zubhacandra ne apanI mahAvirakti prakAzaka zailIke anusAra parigrahakA pUrvAcAryoMke hI samAna hokara bhI hRdaya druta kara dene vAlA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| brahmacarya ke pAlanake lie aparigraha anivArya hai aura parigraha honese kAmadeva rokA hI nahIM jAsakatA isa vrata tathA pApakramakA "sUrya andhakAra maya ho jAya, sumeru caJcala ho jAya kintu parigrahI jitendriya nahIM ho sktaa|" tathA parigraha "kAmarupI sarpake lie vAmI hai" dvArA spaSTa samarthana kiyA hai| isa prakAra anya prAcAyA~ke 1. yogazAtra 2, 106 se 115 tathA stropajJa ttiikaa| 2. sAgAradharmAmRta 4, 59 / 3. udyatkrodhAdi hAsyAdi SaTka veda trayAtmakam (mithyAtva sahitam ) sA. 4.60 4. kSetraM, dhAnya, dhanaM vastu, kupyaM zayanamAsanam / dvipadA pazvo bhANDa vAhyA daza prigrhaaH| (yazastilaka utta. pR. 366) 5. "parimitamapi zaktitaH punaH kRzayet / " sAgaradha0 4.62 / 6. yazastilaka campU utta0 pR. 366 / 7. puruSArtha siddhyupAya kArikA 111-128 / 8. jJAnArNava, prakaraNa 16 zlo 1.42 / 9. "api sUryastyajeddhAma sthiratva vA surAcalaH / na punaH saMgasaMkIrNo muniH syAtsaMvratendriyaH / / 26 smarabhogAndra valmIkam / " jJAnArNava pR 180 / 182
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti pratipAdana bhI diye jA sakate haiM jo ki unake deza, kAla, yAdi kI sAmAjika paristhitike viveka tathA sAhasa pUrNa hala hoMge lakSaNoM kA phalitArtha -- ukta pradhAna lakSaNoM kI samIkSA ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki sAvadhAnI ke sAtha deza kAla, AdikA vikala vicAra karake icchA tathA manovRttiko pUrNa niyantrita karate hue jo javinopayogI vastukA kAryakArI mAtra pariNAma kiyA jAtA hai vahI parigraha parimANa vrata hai / bhrAnta prathA prazna uThatA hai ki jaba itanA sUkSma vivecana milatA hai to yatheccha parimANa karake parigraha parimANa vratI bananekI paddhati kaise vyavahAra meM AyI / tathA hindI TIkAkAroM kI kSetrAdi, hiraNyAdi dhanAdi, dvipadAdi kupyamAnAtikramAdi 2 ko sthUla sI vyAkhyA meM bhI vartamAna prathAkA saiddhAntika samarthana sA kyoM prApta hotA hai ? parimANa svarUpa zrAja kyoM dekhA jAtA hai ki anAvazyaka dhana, dhAnyAdike svAmI hajAroM dAsI dAsoM ke parizramakI kamAyI para vilAsa karane vAle sAdharmI kevala saMkhyA nizcita kara ke kAraNa parimita parigrahI kahe jAte haiN| saMbhavataH isa bhrAnta mAnyatA ke mUla meM sAmAjika-zrArthika paristhitiyAM jitanI kAraNa huI haiM usase adhika kAraNatA usa ajJAnako hai jo 13 va 14vIM zatI bAda maulika vidvAnoMke na honeke kAraNa jar3a jamAtA gayA / sAthahI sAtha par3osI dharmoMkA prabhAva bhI udAsIna kAraNa nahIM rahA hai / inake atirikta dravya; vaha bhI dRSTa hiMsA ke pAlaka ho jAne ke kAraNa jaina nAgarika anya vyavasAyoMse hAtha khIMcate gaye aura vANijyake hI upAsaka bana gaye / phalasvarUpa 'dina dUnI rAta caugunI' sampatti ke saMcayako nyAya karaneke lie unakA parigraha parimANa vratake svarUpako tadanukUla banAnA svAbhAvika hI thA / artha pradhAna yuga honeke kAraNa dharmopadezaka paMDitoMne bhI apane karttavyoMkA naitikatAse pAlana nahIM kiyA, jisakA ki paM0 zrAzAvara 3 jI ko spaSTa ullekha karanA par3A thA phalataH parigraha parimANako vikRta honA pdd'aa| kyoMki lakSaNoM tathA unakI vyAkhyA parimita parigrahake 'anivArya AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie kAryakArI parimANa rUpakA saMketa karatI hai / itanA nahIM isake pAlanakI bhUmikA, isameM AnevAle doSoM, AdikA varNana bhI isakA samarthaka hai / 1 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArakI bhASA vacanikA, mokSamArgaprakAza, sudRSTi tara gigI Adike vyAkhyAnoMke aMza / 2 "asayArambhaviNivitti saMjaNayaM / khettAihariNyaI dhagAi dupayAI kuppamAnakame / " zrAvakadharma vidhiprakaraNam gA0 87-8 / 3 "paNDitebhraMSTa cAritrai * ityAdi / " 183
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha parigraha parimANake poSaka prazna huA ki ahiMsA, Adi vratoMke puSTa karaneke lie kyA karanA cAhiye ? uttara milA ThIka hai unako dRr3ha karane ke lie pAMca, pAMca bhAvanAeM haiM / paJcama vratako puSTa karane lie 'pAMcoM indriyoMke priya tathA priya bhogya viSayoMke upasthiti honepara priya viSayoM meM zrAsakta na honA tathA priya viSayoMse zrAkula athavA udvejita na honA ina pAcoM bhAvanAoM kA honA Avazyaka hai / isake atirikta hiMsA, di samAna parigrahako bhI abhyudaya tathA nizreyasake lie Avazyaka kriyAyoM evaM sAdhanoM kA nAzaka (pAya ) nindanIya ( vadya ) tathA duHkhoM kA kAraNa athavA duHkhamaya hI mAnanA cAhiye / pravRtti paraka bhI sAdhaka haiM--prANimAtrako 'mitra samajhanA, guNiyoMko dekhakara pramudita honA, dukhiyoMpara karuNA bhAva rakhanA tathA aziSTa unmArga gAmiyoM ke prati taTasthatAkI bhAvanA rakhanese bhI vrata puSTa hotA hai" / 3 poSakoM kI yaha vyavasthA pahile to yaha batAtI hai ki "manasA vAcA karmaNA" sAMsArika viSayoMke prati kaisA bhAva rakhanA ucita hai, parigrahI bhI utanA hI pApI tathA nindanIya hai jitanA hatyArA, Thaga, cora tathA vyabhicArI hai. parigraha apane tathA dUsaroMke dukhakA kAraNa bhI hai dUsaroMko duHkha na ho bhAva hI maitrI hai, taba parigraha parimANake sAtha sAtha hajAroM zramikoM, kRSakoM zrAdiko kaMkAla banA denA kaise calegA ! guNiyoM ke prati bhakti tathA anurAga hI pramoda hai to parigrahI ( joki 'hatyAre' ke samAna bhISaNa Aja nahIM lagatA ) kI prazaMsA, zrAdara Adi hI nahIM unheM samAja, dezakA karNadhAra banA denA kaise vIra prabhukA mArga hogA ? anugrahakA bhAva hI kAruNya hai aisI sthitimeM, taTastha bahujana samudAyako jAne dIjiye kintu kyA parigrahI sAdharmI apane zramikoM, Adi kI dIna hIna dazAko bhI nahIM jAnate 1 yadi jAnate haiM to unakI kamAyI ko apane ahaMkAra kI pUjA, grAtma pratiSThA, Adike kArya meM kyoM lagAte hai| zramikakRSaka to 'pAnImeM piyAsI mIna' hai / usa bhUkhe rasoiyeke samAna hai jo peTapara patthara bAMdhakara ' ' chappana bhojana' tayAra karatA hai taba bhI parigrahI sajjanako apane para bhI dayA nahIM ( arthAt nIca pApase bacanA ) tI / yaha saba karake bhI unake ajJAna, zarAba, sinemA, apavyayakA rAga alApA jAtA hai / zrAcarya to yaha hai ki jo unake jIvanako sarvathA abhAva grasta karake unheM viparItavRtti banAnevAle haiM ve hI unake 1. " tatsthairyArtha bhAvanAH paJca paJca / " 7-3 2. "manojJAmanojJendriya viSaya rAgadveSavarjanAni paMca / " 7,8 3. "hiMsAdiSvihAmutra, pAyAvadya darzanam / 7, 9 4. "duHkhameva vaa|" 44 10 5. "maitrI pramoda kAruNya mAdhyasthAni ca --savaguNAdhika klizyamAnAvinayeSu / " 7, 11 184 mokSa zAtra / 35 22
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti sabase bar3e nindaka haiM aura avinayI, aziSTa, aAdi kahakara dabAnA cAhate haiN| kyA yaha saba bhI bhAgamAnukUla mAdhyastha bhAva hai ? parimita-parigrahake aticAra vratoMke aticAroMkI spaSTa vyAkhyAkA zreya sUtrakAra umAsvAmI mahArAjako hai / unake anusAra bhUmi ( jamIMdArI ), vAstu ( saba prakArake makAna ), hiraNya (parivartana vyavahArakA kAraNa mudrA), suvarNa ( sonA cAMdI, zrAdi ), dhana ( gAya-bhaiMsa ), dhAnya ( saba anAja ), dAsIdAsa ( pradhAnatayA gharU tathA kheta, miloM AdimeM kAma karane vAle bhI ) tathA kupya ( kapar3e, vilAsa sAmagrI ) ke pUrva nizcita pramANako lobhake kAraNa bar3hAnese parigraha parimANa vratameM doSa pAte haiM / jaba maryAdAkA ullaMghana hA to avrata ( vrata-bhaMga ) hI ho jAyagA, doSa kyoM ? prAcAryakA atikrama zabdakA prayoga sAbhiprAya hai| kyoki kRtanizcayake viSayameM ullaMghanakI icchA dvArA mAnasika zuddhiko kSata karanA hI atikrama hai, zIla vratAdikA ullaMghana honepara vyatikrama ho jAtA hai, tyakta viSayameM pravRta honA aticAra hai tathA kRta nizcayakA bArambAra ullaMghana anAcAra hai / yadyapi uttarakAlameM prathama tIna zabdoMkA pUrI sAvadhAnIse prayoga nahIM huA aisA lagatA hai, para prAcAryoM ko anyamanaska mAnanA ucita nhiiN| vastusthiti to aisI pratIta hotI hai ki jahAM 'vyatikramAH paJca' 3 adi prayoga hai vahAM zrAcArya manovaijJAnika gambhIratAkA saMketa karate haiM / isI dRSTi se jaba hama vaiyAkaraNa, tArkika, dharmazAstrI pUjyapAdako 'atikrama'kA bhASya atyanta lobhake kAraNa ukta padArthoMke pramANakA 'atireka'4 karate pAte haiM, tathA akalaMka bhaTTako isa vAkyako vartikakA" rUpa dete pAte haiM to ApAtataH yaha zabda vizeSa vicAraNIya ho jAte haiN| prakRti pratyayakA vicAra karanepara atireka zabdakA artha hotA hai asvAbhAvika vRddhi athavA khIMcanA / phalataH sUtrakAra tathA bhASyakAroMko kRta pramANake ullaMghanakI bhAvanA athavA 'vartana' hI abhISTa nahIM hai apitu ve inake pramANakI asvAbhAvika maryAdAko bhI aticAra hI mAnate haiM / svAmi samantabhadra praNIta aticAra-- samasta tattva vyavasthArUpI loheko syAdvAda pArzvapASANakA spaSTa sparza karAke svarNamaya kara dene vAle svAmI samantabhadrakI cintAdhArAmeM avagAhana karake parigraha parimANake aticAroMne bhI adhika 1 tatvAvasUtra 7, 29 / 2 "kSati manaHzuddhividharatikrama, vyatikramaM zIlavRttavilaMghanam / prabho'ticAra viSayeSu vartanaM badantyanAcAra mihAtisaktatAm || 9 // ( amitagatisUra dvAtrizatikA ) 3 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 3, 10 / 4 sarvArthasiddhi pR0 216 / 5 'tIvralobhAbhinavezAdatirekAH prmaannaatikrmaaH|" rAjavartika pR0 288 / 185 24
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________________ varNo abhinandana granya bhI ukta bAteM karanA aticAra hai / hAthoM par3ate haiM madhyAnhake sUrya ke upayogI rUpa pAyA hai| svAmIkI dRSTimeM kSetra-vastu hiraNya suvarNa dhana-dhAnya, dAsI dAsa tathA kupya' ke kRta pramANakA atikrama mAtra parimita parigraha vratake praticAra nahIM hai apitu prati vAhana, atisaMgraha, ti vismaya (viSAda), atilobha tathA atibhAra vahana ye pAMca praticAra haiN| unakI dRSTise kRta pramANake atikramakA to avasara hai hI nahIM / hAM; kRta pramANa meM svAmIkI yaha maulika mAnyatA unake TIkAkAra prabhAcandra zrAcAryake samAna tApaka aura prakAzaka ho uThI hai| lobhakI atyanta lolupatAko rokane ke lie parigraha parimANa kara lene para bhI punaH lobhake phimeM Akara jo bahuta calAtA hai arthAt baila, ghor3A, Adi sahaja rUpase jitanA cala sakate haiM usase adhika calAnA ativAhana hai| kAgaja, anna Adi Age vizeSa lAbha deMge phalataH lobhake vaza hokara ina sabakA pratisaMcaya karatA hai| athavA dukAnase haTAkara guta kara detA hai tAki aura adhika lAbha ho tathA adhika bhAra lAdatA hai| ye pAMco aticAra hai" | 1 svAmI aise prabala pratApI evaM puruSArthI guruke mantavyoMkI isase acchI TIkA anya koI bhI nahIM kara sakA hai| kyoMki jahAM isameM kRta pramANa meM jarAsA bhI hera phera karanekA avakAza nahIM hai vahIM yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki jitanA sahaja hai svAbhAvika hai anivArya hai usase adhika kucha bhI nahIM karAyA jA sakatA, anyathA icchAparimANa asaMbhava hai / svAmo samayako paristhitiyoM se pUrNa paricita na hokara bhI yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki AjakI paristhitiyoMke lie to yaha vyAkhyA sarvathA upayukta hai - vartamAna yugameM pazutroMkI to bAta hI kyA hai mAnava samAjakA eka bahuta bar3A bhAga hI kAmake bhArake prati vAhana ( ovara TAima) kAma karaneke kAraNa samaya meM hI kAla kavalita ho rahA hai / naravAhana ( rikazA ) sahaja ho gayA hai| kisAnoMse lekara bar3e se bar3e vyApariyoMne dhAnya, vastrAdikA khUpa saMcaya karanekI ThAna rakhI hai| zAsana dvArA thor3I sI bhI kar3AyI kiye jAte hI sArvajanika rUpa se mAnavatA zatru ye tathokta sampattizAlI 'hAya totrA ( zrati vismaya) macA dete haiM / dainaMdina jIvanopayogI vastuoM ke dAma caturguNa milane parabhI ye isIlie nahIM becate haiM i lAbha hogA / tathA prativahana zrAropaNakI to carcA uThanA hI vyartha hai / phalataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki vartamAna vizvakI anya samasyAoM ke samAna zrAjakI jaTila Arthika vRttiyoMkA bhAna bhI jainAcAryoMko thA tathA unhoMke mArgapara calanese inakA sthAyI nikAra ho sakatA hai| 1 sarvArthasiddhi pR0 216, rAjavArtika pR0 288, sabhAjya tatvArthAdhigama pR0 168 / 2 "ativAhanAtisaMgraha vismayalobhAtibhAra vahanAni / parimitaparigrahasya paMca vikSepAH paJca lakSyante / " ratnakaraMDa 3, 16 3 lobhAtigRddhi (ni) vRtyarthaM parigrahaparimANe kRte punarlobhAvezavazAdati vAhanaM yAvantaM hi balIvardAdayaH sukhena gacchanti tato'pyatirekeNavAhanaM karoti... Adi / dRSTavya ratna0 zrA0 3, 16 ko TIkA pR0 47 186
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti somadevasUrI' hemacandrasUri2, paNDitAcArya AzAdhara, amRtacandra sUri', haribhadra sUri5. Adi, prAcAryoMne umAsvAmikA hI anukaraNa kiyA hai / zrIhemacandra sUri tathA paNDitAcAryakI vyAkhyAeM gRhasthoM ke manovaijJAnika vizleSaNakI dRSTi se bar3e mahatvakI haiM / pApa pravRttimeM manuSya kaise apane Apa pragati karatA hai isakA sajIva citra ina vyAkhyAnoMmeM dRSTigocara hotA hai| paNDitAcAryane svAmI tathA somadeva sUrike aticAroMko bhI TIkA meM nirdeza karake apanI taTasthatA evaM bahuzrutatAkA paricaya diyA hai / sampatti tyAgakA upadeza kitanI sampatti rakhe, anivArya AvazyakatA pUrti yogya hI sampatti rakhanekA abhyAsa kaise kare tathA sampatti bar3hAnekI lAlasA arthAt usake doSoMse kaise bace, itanA prarUpaNa karake hI jainazAstra saMtuSTa nahIM huA hai ! apitu pApamaya AcaraNa arthAt dUsareke svatvoMkA apaharaNa karanese rokaneke lie kahA hai ki saMsAra tathA zArIrake vAstavika rUpa para dRSTi rakhe to vaha sutarAM mandakaSAyI arthAt anAsakta rahegA / isI saMsAra zarIrake svabhAvake cintavanakA vistRta rUpa bAraha bhAvanAeM haiN| inameM bhI pravRtti athavA nivRtti rUpase sampattikA varNana aAyA hai tathApi prArambhika aATha bhAvanAtroMmeM sampattike tyAgako vividha dRSTiyoMse batAyA haiM / ina aAThameM bhI prathama anitya bhAvanAmeM to sampattikI anarthamalakatA anAvRta rUpameM citrita kI gayI hai| adhruva (anitya ) bhAvanA-- zrAdhyAtmarasika yugAcArya kundakunda svAmIne spaSTa kahA ki he mana ? jina mAtA, pitA, sambandhI, aAtmIyajana, sevaka, Adiko tUM apanA samajha kara moharUpa parigraha bar3hAtA hai tathA jina indra 1. 'kRta pramANAllo bhena dhanAdadhikasagrahaH / pancamANuvratajyAnI karoti gRhamedhinAm // " (yazastithaka campU utta0 pR. 367) 2. yogazAstra, 3, 95-96 tathA TIkA / 3. sAgAra dharmAmRta 4, 64 tayA TIkA / 4. puruSArtha siddhyupAya zlo. 187 / 5. zrAvakadharmaprakaraNam gA. 88 tathA devasUrikI TIkA / 6. sAgAra dharmAmRta pR. 125 7. "jagatkAya svabhAvI vA savegavairAgyArtham" (tattvArthasUtra 7, 12) 8. "anityAzaraNa sasArakatvAnyatvAzucyAsrava saMvara nirjarA lokabodhadurlabha dharmasvAkhyAtatattvAnu cintana manuprekSAH / " (ta. su. 9, 7) 187
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha aura samrAToM aise zreSTha bhavana, moTara, vAyu-jalayAna Adi vAhana, zayyA kursI- sophA ( zrAsana ), Adike juTAne meM hIM jIvana vitA rahA hai ve saba anitya haiM / 1 yugAcArya ke isa sUpakA bhAgya svAmI kArtikeya ke mukha se sunaneko milatA hai--'janma maraNAke sAtha, yauvana vArdhakyako prAcalameM bAMdhe tathA lakSmI antaraMga meM vinAza chipAye khAtI hai| lakSmImeM vinAza chipA hai ? hAM, yadi aisA na hotA to 'puNyAtma | paurANika yugake cakravartI tathA pratApI kaisara, hiTalara, AdikA vibhava kahAM gayA ? taba dUsaroMkI kaise sthira rahegI / kulIna, dhIra, paMDita subhaTa, pUjya ( dharma guru, Adi ) dharmAtmA, sundara, sajjana tathA mahA parAkramiyoMkI samasta sampattiyAM dekhate dekhate ghula jAtI hai|' taba isakA kyA kiyA jAya do dinakI cAMdanI tathA jala taraMgake samAna caJcalA isa lakSmI ke do hI upayoga hai apanI AvazyakatAkI pUrti karo tathA zeSa dUsaroMko de do|' to loga itanI adhika sampati kyoM kamA rahe haiM? 've zrAtmavaJcaka hai unakA manuSya jIvana vyartha hai kyoMki ve lakSmI ukta do upayoga nahIM karate haiM / athavA use ( lakSmIko ) kahIM para rakhakara pattharake samAna jar3a tathA bhArabhUta kara rahe haiN| isa prakAra unake gAr3he pasInekI kamAyI bhI dUsaroMkI ho jAtI hai| kyoMki vaha jagatake Thaga rAjA athavA udyogapati athavA kuTumbiyoMke kAma zrAvegI / ' taba kyA kare ? 'sIdhA mArga hai / lakSmIko bar3hAnemeM Alasya mata karo tathA sadaiva use kuTumba, grAma, pura, janapada deza tathA vizvake prati apane vividha kartavyoMkI pUrti ke lie vyaya karate rho| lakSmI usIkI saphala hai jo sampatti ukta svarUpako samajhakara abhAvagrasta logoMko karttavya parAyaNa banAneke lie, kisI bhI prakAra ke pratiphalakI AzA na karake anavarata detA rahatA hai|' yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina zrAcAra zAstrameM dAna utanA hI Avazyaka evaM mahattvapUrNa hai jitanI devapUjA, gurUpAsti, svAdhyAya, vinaya, vrata, AhAra, Adi haiM / isa vyavasthAkA asAdhAraNa mahatva yaha hai ki eka ora manuSya nyAyapUrvaka adhika se adhika kamAne meM zithilatA nahI kara sakatA tathA dUsarI ora use apanI AvazyakatAoM se adhika mAtrA meM roka nahIM sakatA anyathA vaha parigrahI ( hatyAre ke samAna pApI ) ho jAyagA dAna rUpase use apanI nyAyopArjita sampattikA utsarga karatA huA hI vaha dhArmika (naitika nAgarika ) ho sakatA hai / 1 "varabhavaNa jANavAhaNa sayaNAsaNa devamaNudharAyANaM / mAdu pidu sajaNa mizra samadhigo va pidiviyANicA ||" (vArasa aguvekhAvA gA. 3) 2 svAmI karttikeyAnuprekSA gAthA 5 | 13 svAmI karttikebhAnuprekSA gA0 10-30 / inameM 'aNAvarayaM dehi' / "dila lobAna tathA niraveravo' pada vizeSa mahalake haiN| 4. jo imAna che agavarayaM dehi dhammaka " (kArtikeya gA0 11 5. "anugrahArthasvAtisaga dAnam / " "vidhi-dravyadAtu pAtra vizeSAttadvizeSaH " dAnaprakaraNa sarva ati vistRta hai / tatvArtha sUtra 7, 38,39 ) 188
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________________ jainadharma tathA sampatti parigrahake kupariNAm-- ___prazna uThatA hai ki aAtma zaktikA pUrA upayoga karake nyAyamArgase sampatti kamA kara apanI tathA dUsaroMkI AvazyakatA pUrNa karanA dharma ( karttavya ) hai / tathApi; yadi koI usakA pAlana na kare jaisA ki Aja jainI bhI kara rahe haiM ? sUtrakAra kahate haiM "parigraha yahAM tathA bhavAntara meM bhI aniSTa kAraka hai" "isa loka meM parigrahI mAMsake Tukar3eko liye ur3ane vAle pakSIke samAna hai / usapara dUsare AkramaNa karate haiM / use kamAne tathA surakSita rakhane meM kauna aisA anartha hai jo na hotA ho ? Idhanase agnike samAna manuSya dhanase kabhI tRpta nahIM hotA / lobha meM par3akara ucita-anucitakA jJAna kho baiThatA hai aura apanA agalA janma bhI vigAr3atA hai|" zaMkA hotI hai marane para kyA hotA hai ? ''bahuta prArambha tathA parigraha karanese prANIko narakAyu prApta hotI hai| kyoMki karttavya-akarttavyakA jJAna na rahanese zramikoMkI hiMsA, bhAgIdAroMko dhokhA ( asatya ) eka vastu meM dUsarI milAnA, bahutasA chipAkara becanA ( corI ) zrAdi saba hI pApa ziSTa sampattizAlI karatA hai| tathA yadi "thor3A (jIvanake yApanake lie kAryakArI) prArambha parigraha ho to punaH manuSya janma pAyegA / ' mAnava samAjako sampattimeM koI vizeSa anaucitya nahI dikhatA kintu pAMca pApoM meM parigraha hI kevala aisA pApa hai jise manuSyake patanake prati sAkSAta kAraNatA hai| jabaki zAsana evaM samAjakI dRSTi meM gurutara samajhe jAne vAle pApoMko paramparayA hI kAraNatA hai / vastu sthiti to yaha hai ki 'parigrahase icchA utpanna hotI hai icchAke atireka yA vighAtase krodha, krodhase hiMsA aura hiMsAse samasta pApa hote haiM" / ' yaha eka mano vaijJAnika tathya hai ki hiMsAke hI lie hiMsA, jhUThake hI lie jhUTha, corIke hI lie corI tathA asaMyamake lie hI asaMyama to 'na bhUto na bhaviSyati' haiN| niSkarpa tAtparya yaha ki sampatti samasta anarthoMkI jar3a hai / phalataH apane asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya Adi vyavasAyase arjita sampattimeMse vyakti utanI hI apane pAsa rakhe jo usakI jIvana yAtrAke lie anivArya ho / usase adhika jo bhI ho use unake lie de de jo apanI AvazyakatA pUrti bharake lie bhI nahIM kamA pAte haiM / arthAt zArIrika tathA mAnasika svAsthyake lie upayogI mAtra parigraha rakhanA pratyeka vyaktikA dharma hai / artha tathA kAma pradhAna isa yugameM yaha prazna kiyA jAtA hai ki jaba 1. "ihAmutrApAyAvadya darzanam / " ( ta0 sU0 7, 9) 2. sarvArtha siddhi pR. 203, rAjavattika pR0 272, sa0 ta0 bhA0 pR0 155, Adi / 3. tattvArtha sUtra 6, 15 / 4. , 6, 17 / 5. jJAnArNava 16, 12 / 189
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha saba deza apane jIvana nirvAhake starako uThA rahe haiM taba zrAvazyaka vastutroMke kAryakArI parimANakA upadeza dezakI avanatikA kAraNa ho sakatA hai / kintu yaha saMbhAvanA dUsarI ora hI hai / unnata se unnata jIvana stara karanekI bhAvanAkA yaha kupariNAma hai ki AjakA vizva sthAyIrUpase yuddha ke caMgula meM phaMsA najara A rahA hai / zrAkAza ananta hai phalataH yadi uThane athavA zira uThAnekI pratiyogitAkI jAya to usakI samApti saMbhava hai / hAM pRthvI sImita hai phalataH hamAre paira eke dharAtala para raheM ( rahate hI haiM ) aisI vyavasthA sambhava hai / jaba taka mAnava samAja apane Apa kamase kama meM saMtuSTa honeke lie manasA, vAcA, karmaNA prastuta na hogA taba taka arthika gutthI ulajhI hI rahe gI / tathA Arthika stara yadi kisI bhUbhAgameM uThA bhI to AdhyAtmika stambhoM para khar3A na honeke kAraNa vaha svayaM dharAzAyI ho jAyagA / yahI kAraNa hai ki sAmyavAda bhI sAmrAjyavAdake pratyeka astrase kAma le rahA hai tathA usIke mArga para bar3hA calA jA rahA hai| taTastha paryavekSaka nAma-bheda ke atirikta aura koI tAtvika antara nahIM dekhatA hai / pUMjIvAdakA anta pUMjIko eka sthalase dUsare sthala para rakhane se hI na hogA / apitu pUMjI vIbhatsa rUpakA sakriya jJAna tathA pU MjImaya manovRtti ke vinAza se hogA jaisA ki virakta yuvarAja zrI zubhacandrAcArya ke enaH kiM na dhanaprasaktamanasAM nAsAdi hiMsAdinA, kastasyArjanarakSaNa kSayakRtai dAhi duHkhAnalaiH / tatprAgeva vicArya varjaya varaM vyAmUr3ha vittaspRhA, kAspadatAM na yAsa viSayaiH pApasya tApasya ca / / tathA parimita parigraha arthAt saMyamavAdakA sAra hai / isa kathana se spaSTa 190
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________________ jainadharmakA Adi deza zrI prA0 esa0 zrInIlakaNTha, zAstrI, em0 e0 supracalita bhrAnti-- 'jainadharma bhI bauddhadharmake samAna vaidika kAlake zrAryoMkI yajJa-yAgAdimaya saMskRtikI pratikriyA mAtra thA' katipaya itihAsakAroMkA isa matako yoM hI satya mAna lenA calatA vyavahAra sA ho gayA hai| vizeSakara kitane hI jainadharmako teIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI pArzvanAthake pahile pracalita mAnane meM bhI AnAkAnI karate haiM, arthAt ve lagabhaga nauvIM zatI IsA pUrva taka hI jainadharma mAnanA cAhate haiN| prAcInatama yugameM magadha yajJayAgAdi maya vaidika matake kSetrase bAhara thaa| tathA isI magadhako isa kAlameM jainadharma tathA bauddha dharmakI janmabhUmi honekA saubhAgya prApta huA hai| phalataH kitane hI vidvAn kalpanA karate haiM ki ina dharmoM ke pravartaka Arya nahIM the / dUsarI mAnyatA yaha hai ki vaidika AryoM ke bahuta pahale AryoMkI eka dhArA bhAratameM AyI thI aura Arya pUre bhAratameM vyApta ho gaye the / usake bAda usI Arya vaMzake yajJa-yAgAdi saMskRti vAle loga bhAratameM Aye, tathA prAcIna a-vaidika AryoM ko magadhakI ora khader3akara svayaM unake sthAna para basa gaye / AryoMke isa dvitIya Agamanake bAda hI saMbhavataH magadhase jainadharmakA punaH pracAra prArambha huA tathA vahIM para buddha dharmakA prAdurbhAva huA hai| sindhu-kachAra-saMskRti 30002- 500 IsA pUrvameM phUlI phalI 'sindhukachAra sabhyatA' ke bhagnAvazeSoMmeM digambara mata, yoga, vRSabha-pUjA tathA anya pratIka mile haiM, jinake pracalana kA zreya AryoM arthAt vaidika AryoMke pUrvavartI samAjako diyA jAtA hai / 'Arya-pUrva' saMskRtike zubhAkAMkSiyoMkI kamI nahIM hai; yahI kAraNa hai ki aise logoMmeM se aneka loga vaidika AryoMke pahalekI isa mahAna saMskRtiko dRr3hatA pUrvaka dravir3a-saMskRti kahate hai / maiMne apane "mUla bhAratIya dharma' zIrSaka nibandhameM siddha kara diyA hai ki tathokta avaidika lakSaNa ( yajJa-yAgAdi ) kA prAdurbhAva atharvavedakI saMskRtise huA hai / tathA mAtRdeviyoM, vRSabha, nAga, yoga, AdikI pUjAke bahusaMkhyaka nidarzanoMse tInoM veda bhare, par3e haiN| phalataH 'sindhu kachAra saMskRti pUrva 25 193
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vaidika yugake bAdakI aisI saMskRti hai jisameM tAMtrika prakriyAeM paryApta mAtrAmeM ghula mila gayI thiiN| prAcIna sAhitya jaina tIrthaMkaroM tathA buddhoMkoM asadigdha rUpase kSatriya tathA Arya kahatA hai phalataH jainadharma tathA bauddha dharmakI prasUtiko anAryoM meM batAnA sarvathA asaMbhava hai| jainadharmakA Adi-deza prAcIna bharatakhaNDa-- ataeva jaina dharmake mUla srotako Arya saMskRtikI kisI prAcInatara avasthAmeM khojanA cAhiye, jaisAki bauddha dharmake lie kiyA jAtA hai| apane pUrvollikhita nibandhameM maiM siddha kara cukA hUM ki samasta bhAratIya sAdhana sAmagrI yahI siddha karatI hai ki jambUdvIpakA bharatakhaNDa hI AryoMkA Adi-deza thaa| hamArI paurANika mAnyatAkA bhAratavarSa Adhunika bhaugolika sImAaoMse baddha na thA apitu usake AyAma vittArameM pAmIra parvata mAlA tathA hindUkuza bhI sammilita thA, arthAt 10 akSAMza taka vistRta thA / prAcInatama jaina tathA vaidika matoMke jyotiSa-granthoM aura purANoMmeM bhAratake ukta vistArakA spaSTa rUpase pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| jainadharmake jyotiSa grantha 'sUryaprajJapti', 'kAla lokaprakAza', 'candraprajJapti' AdimeM diyA gayA paJcAGga bahuta kucha usa paJjikAke samAna hai jo vedAGga jyotiSa' (la0 9380 IsA pUrva) meM pAyA jAtA hai| jaina mAnyatAke do sUrya. do candra, tathA sattAIsa nakSatroMko do mAlAtroMko vaidika sAhityako dRSTimeM rakhate hue hI ucita rUpameM samajha sakate haiM / sUryaprajJaptike unnIsave prAbhUtameM vividha mata' diye gaye haiN| jyotiSa granthoMkA AdhAra- 1, 3, 7, 76, 12, 14 se lekara 1000 paryanta sUryoM kI saMkhyAke viSayameM vividha uddharaNa vaidika sAhityameM bhI pracuratAse pAye jAte haiM / varSa, grahaNa, ayana, Adike cakroMke samAna sUryokI ukta saMkhyAoM ko bhI sandarbhake anusAra samaya ( vyavahAra kAla ) ke pramANa rUpameM jAnanA cAhiye, zabdArtha rUpameM nahIM / prakRta nibandhameM hama jyotiSa zAstra sambandhI samasta mAnyatAoMkI vyAkhyA karanekA prayatna nahIM kreNge| yahAM hamArA itanA hI uddezya hai ki una asaMdigdha varNanoM para vicAra kareM jo isa tathya ko prakAzameM lAte hoM ki jaina tathA vaidika granthoMke aAdhArase jyotiSake ve niSkarSa saMbhavataH kisa sthAnaparaM nikAle gaye hoM ge / sva0 DAkTara ra0 zAmazAstrI dvArA kAla-loka prakAzake AdhAra para batAyI gayI 1-"tA kati na candimasUriyA, saMbaloya obhAsati, ujjovanti, taveMti, babhAseMti ya hi tetti vadejA ? tattha khalu imAo duvAlasa paDivittio pnnnnttaao| tattheme evamahasu / ta eke cande, ege sUre, sabalo obhAsati ujjoeti, tavetti pbhaasetti| ege evaM Ahasu / ege puNa evamahAMsu tA tiSNa candA tiSNa sUrA savvaloyaM obhAsati / ege evamahasu tA AuTha candA tA AuTTa suur| sabalo obhAsaMti, ujjoveti. tave nti, pagAsati ege evamAhasu etena abhilAveNa netavyam / satta candA, satta sUrA, dasa candA, dasa sUrA bArasa candA, bArasa sUrA..." (sUryaprajJapti 19 prAbhRta pR0 271) 2--drapra pR0 115 / 194
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________________ jainadharmakA zrAdi deza (24 paJca vArSika yugakI vyavasthA vaidika paJcAGgameM bhI pAyI jAtI hai| jaina granthoMmeM ( sUrya-ghar3I kI ) kIla tathA donoM ( uttara, dakSiNa ) ayanoMmeM honevAlI usakI chAyAke pramANakA viSama varNana milatA hai / dakSiNAyanake prathama dina cauvIsa aMgula UMcI zaMkukI chAyA bhI 24 aMgula ho gii| isake zrAge pratyeka sauramAsameM isa chAyAkA pramANa cAra aMgula bar3hatA hI jAtA hai| yaha vRddhi uttarAyaNake prathama dina taka hotI hI rahatI hai aura usa dina prArambhika pramANase dUnI arthAt ar3atAlIsa aMgula ho jAtI hai| isake bAda usameM hAni prArambha hotI hai tathA hAni kI prakriyA vRddhi ke samAna ho rahatI hai| kAla lokaprakAzake anusAra pratyeka yugake pAMca varSa meM dakSiNAyanake prathama dinase vRddhikA krama nimna prakAra ho gAprathama varSa-zrAvaNa bahula 1-2 pAda (48 aGgula ) mAgha , 7-4 pAda (48 aGgula ) dvitIya varSa-zrAvaNa ,, ( 24 , ) ___ mAgha zuddha 1 tRtIya varSa-zrAvaNa , mAgha bahula 1 caturtha varSa-zrAvaNa zuddha 7 (24 bahula paJcama parSa-zrAvaNa zuddha 4 , (24 , ) ___ mAgha , 10 , (48 , ) vaidika sAhityameM yuga-cakrake varSoM ko saMvatsara, parivatsara, anuvatsara, idvatsara tathA Ir3Avatsara athavA saMvatsara, parivatsara, Ir3Avatsara, idvatsara tathA vatsara nAmoMse ullekha kiyA hai| 'vRSAkapi Rka' kI vyAkhyA vidvAnoMke lie jaTila samasyA rahI hai| kintu jaisA ki maiM spaSTa dikhA cukA hUM ki yaha Rk prAtaH, madhyAhna, godhUli tathA rAtri rUpa dinake cAra bhAgoMkA spaSTa ullekha karatI hai / inakI sthiti ko indrANI, indra, vRSAkapi tathA vRSAkapAyI' ina cAra pratIkoM dvArA vyakta kiyA gayA hai| isa prakaraNameM batAyI gayI lambA godhUli tathA saMdhyA 40 akSAMzake sthAna para hI saMbhava hai / isakA samarthana nidAnasUkta ke nimna uddhAraNase bhI hotA hai--"agniSToma yajJameM bAraha stotrA tIna muhUrtoM ko atikrAnta nahIM karate haiM ataeva sabase choTe dinakA pramANa kevala bAraha muhUrta hotA hai| sUryaprajJaptikA yaha kathana ki bar3ese bar3A dina 18 muhUrta kA hotA hai yaha Rkke ukta kathanase sarvathA milatA julatA hai / 888888 (48 mAgha (48 1 Rkveda 10-7-2 / atharvaveda 10-126 / 2 adhyAya 9 sU7 / 3-9 ghaTA 36 mi0|4-14 ghaMTA 24 mi0| 195
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________________ varNI - abhinandana grantha anya sAdhaka uddharaNa - 1 isake atirikta sUryaprakRti meM ullikhita kalijoga kaliyuga, dvApara yugma, tretA kRta yugma tathA vaidika nAma kali, dvApara, tretA tathA kRtayugameM gAr3ha samatA hai| zrArya paJcAMga meM yuga tathA parva paryAyavAcI rahe jisakA artha prAcIna samaya meM pakSa ( zukla, kRSNa ) hotA thaa| 'bhagavatI sUtra meM' bhI 'kRtayugma zabda AyA hai| DA0 jaikovIke matase bhagavatI sUtrakA racanAkAla cauthI zatI IsApUrva ke anta yA tIsarI zatI I0 pU0 honA cAhiye / vaidika varSakA prArambha saMbhavataH varSA Rtuke prArambhameM mAgha (saMbhavataH ekASTaka dina mAgha bahula jaisA ki sUtrase pratIta hotA hai ) meM huA hogA / isakA poSaNa 'maNDUka Rk' tathA 'ekASTaka Rk ' se spaSTa hotA hai / madhya eziyA tathA bukhArA prAnta meM aba bhI varSAkA prArambha usI dina ke AsapAsa hotA hai jisa dina zaradaRtu meM dinarAta barAbara hote haiM / jaba ki dakSiNAyana ke sAtha hI bhAratameM vRSTi prArambha ho jAtI hai isI AdhAra para DA0 jaikobIkA anumAna hai ki mayA yA phAlgunI meM dakSiNAyana ke sAtha varSa prArambha hotI thI tathA uttarAyaNa bhAdrapadoM meM hotA thA / jaina tathA vaidika paramparAmeM pracalita nakSatroMke viSama antarAloMko dhyAna meM rakhate hue ukta jyotiSa sambandhI ghaTanAkA samaya moTe rUpate 2280 tathA 3240 ke bIca athavA 4200 IsApUrva nizcita kiyA jAnA caahiye| uttara kAlIna vedAGga jyotiSa tathA jaina granthoMmeM dakSiNa yanakA samaya AzleSA kA madhya tathA uttarAyaNakA samaya ghaniSThA ( 1320 IsApUrva ) meM diyA hai kahIM kahIM isase bhI pahileke samaya kI sUcaka ghaTanAeM milatI haiM / garga tathA jaina prakriyA ke anusAra samAna dinarAta ke cakra kI tithi zravaNa aura maghA meM bhI milatI haiM jisase 8040 I0 pU0 kA saMketa milatA hai| jisa samaya sUrya vizAkhA aura kRttikA cakra hokara makara vA karka rekhA para rahatA hai| sarasvatI AkhyAnakA mahatva - vedoMke sarasvatI zrAkhyAna meM bhI jyotiSazAstra sambandhI sAragarbhita ullekha haiN| vizeSakara usa samaya jaba yaha nadI samudra taka bahatI thI tathA gaMgA aura yamunAse bhI adhika pavitra mAnI jAtI thI / isake taTa para jaba yaza prArambha huA thA taba vasantake prArambha meM hone vAlA sama dinarAta saMbhavataH mUla nakSatra meM par3A thaa| yaha nakSatra aba bhI sarasvatI viSayaka kAryoMke lie pavitra mAnA jAtA hai yadyapi ava yaha dazahare para udita hotA hai / taittirIya saMhitAmeM sarasvatI tathA amAvasyAko samAna kahA hai tathA sarasvatI ke priya sarasvAnako pUrNimA se abhinna batAyA hai| yataH mUla nakSatrameM par3I amAvasyA vasanta sama dinarAtakA saMketa karatI hai aura yajJake varSa ke prArambhakI sUcaka thI, nakSatra bhI mUla (prArambha, jar3a ) 1 sUrya pra0 pR0 167 / 2 Rkveda 7 103 - 7 / veda 3-10 / 196
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________________ jainadharmakA zrAdi deza se gine jAte haiM aura usake bAda jyeSThA (sabase bar3A), adi Ate haiN| uttara vaidika-yuga taka nakSatroMkI sUcI kRttikAse prArambha hotI thI / isake uparAnta sarasvatI nadI tathA rAjasthAnakA samudra vilIna ho gayA aura inakI jalarAzikA bahubhAga gaMgA tathA jamunAmeM vaha gayA / ina sabake AdhAra para vasantake sama dina-rAtake mUla nakSatrameM par3anekA samaya 16680 I0 pU. kA sUcaka hai / bhUgarbhazAstra sambandhI tathA jyotiSazAstrIya pramANa yaha siddha karate haiM ki Arya loga atyanta prAcIna yugameM bhI sarasvatI dezake prabhu the / hima yuga ( Wurm ) jisake vistArakA samaya aba taka prApta vivecanoMke sthUla niSkarSake AdhAra para 80000 se 50000 i0 pU0 ke bIca meM samajhA jAtA hai; usake bAda eka pAvasottara ( varSA ke bAdakA ) yuga AyA thA jo 25000 I0 pU0 taka rahA hogaa| yaha saba niSkarSa yUropake lie ThIka baiThate haiM tathA bhAratameM uSNa jalavAyu isase kAphI pahale prArambha ho gayI ho gI / yUropameM bhI isa samaya taka mAnava samAja pUrva-pASaNa yuga tathA, adhama, madhya evaM uttama pASANa-yugako pAra kara cukA thA / tathA 50000 I0 pU0 taka yUropakI mUsarina (prArambhika pASaNa), greveziyana (madhya pASANa) tathA megaDailiniyana (antima pASANa) saMskRtiyAM bhI samApta ho cukI thIM / sabase pahile manuSya ( Homo Pekeniensis ) kA AvirbhAva hima pravAha (Glacial ) yugake prArambhameM huaA hogA jisakA samaya la0 5.00000 I0 pU0 aAMkA jAtA hai, phalataH kaha sakate haiM ki mAnavakA vikAsa uSNa pradezoMmeM adhika vegase huA hogaa| vaidika AryoM, jainoM tathA bauddhoMkA purAtattva isa prakAra hameM 20000 I0 pU0 taka le jAtA hai tathA inakA Adi-deza bhAratavarSameM hI honA cAhiye joki usa samaya 40 akSAMza taka phailA thA / yaha atyanta Avazyaka hai ki jainadharmake vidyArthI 'suSumA duSSamA' kalpoM tathA tIrthaMkaroMkI jIvanImeM AnevAle vividha akhyAnoMkA gambhIra adhyayana karake nimma vAkyako sArthaka kareM / jIyAt trailokyanAthasya zAsana jinazAsanam / 197
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________________ jainAcArya aura bAdazAha mohammadazAha zrI mahAmahopAdhyAya paM0 vizvezvaranAtha reU mug2ala bAdazAha mohammada zAha vi0 saM0 1773 se 1805 taka dillIke takhta para thA / isane apane 22 vai rAjya varSameM cAMNodameM prasiddha rAjavaidya bhaTTAraka gurAM paNDita udayacandrajI mahArAjake pUrvAcAryoM ko eka pharamAna diyA thaa| usase mug2ala bAdazAhoMkI jaina-dharmake prati zraddhA aura usa samayake hindU aura musalamAnoMke sauhArdakA patA calatA hai| yaha pharamAna 20 jilahija ( arthAt caitra vadi 6 vikrama saMvat 1796 ) ko likhA gayA thA aura isa samaya ukta gurAM sAhabake pAsa vidyamAna hai / aAge hama ukta pharamAnakA bhAvArtha udadhRta karate hai "zrI bAbAjI jJAna sAgara svAmIjI aura .... svAmIko ajamerake sUbemeM rahanevAle pratyeka hindU va musalamAnake gharase aura khAsakara hara baniye aura jatIse hara dhAnakI phasala para eka rupayA aura eka nAriyala lenekA adhikAra diyA gayA thA; aura kyoM ki yaha adhikAra pIr3hI dara pIr3hIke lie thA, isalie ise bAdazAha mohammadazAhane bhI diyA hai|" isa pharamAnase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha adhikAra mohammadazAhake pUrvake bAdazAhoMke samayase hI , calA AtA thA aura isake viSayameM musalamAnoMko bhI koI Apatti nahIM thii| ina bAtoMkI puSTi jodhapura nareza mahArAjA vijaya-siMhajIke pharamAna se bhI hotI hai, jisameM paramparA gata ukta bheToMko lete rahane ke adhikArakI puSTi kI gayI hai| 1. ye donoM pharamAna abhI aprakAzita haiM / zIghrahI prakAzita karAnekI vyavasthA ho rahI hai
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________________ rASTrakUTa kAlameM jainadharmazrI DAkTara a0 sa0 altekara, ema0 e0, DI0 liTa0 dakSiNa aura karnATaka aba bhI jainadharmake sudRr3ha gar3ha haiM / yaha kaise ho sakA ? isa praznakA uttara deneke lie rASTrakUTa vaMzake itihAsakA pAlocana anivArya hai| dakSiNa bhAratake itihAsameM rASTrakUTa rAjyakAla ( la0 753-973 I0 ) sabase adhika samRddhikA yuga thaa| isa kAlameM hI jainadharmakA bhI dakSiNa bhAratameM paryApta vistAra huA thA / rASTrakUToMke patanake bAda hI naye dhArmika sampradAya liGgAyatoMkI utpatti tathA tIvra vistArake kAraNa jainadharmako prabala dhakkA lagA thaa| rASTrakUTa kAlameM jainadharmakA koI sakriya virodhI sampradAya nahIM thA phalataH vaha rAjya-dharma tathA bahujana-dharmake padapara pratiSThita thA / isa yugameM jainAcAryone jaina sAhityakI asAdhAraNa rUpase vRddhi kI thii| tathA aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ve janasAdhAraNako zikSita karaneke satprayatnameM bhI saMlagna the / varNamAlA sIkhaneke pahile bAlakako zrI 'gaNezAyanamaH' kaNThastha karA denA vaidika sampradAyoMmeM supracalita prathA hai, kintu dakSiNa bhAratameM aba bhI jainanamaskAra, vAkya 'zrom namaH siddhebhyaH [onAmAsIdhaM' ]' vyApaka rUpase calatA hai / zrI ci0 vi0 vaidyane batAyA hai ki ukta pracalanakA yahI tAtparya lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki hamAre kAla (rASTakara jainaguruoMne dezakI zikSA pUrNarUpase bhAga lekara itanI adhika apanI chApa jamAyI thI ki jainadharmakA dakSiNameM saMkoca ho jAneke bAda bhI vaidika sampradAyoMke loga apane bAlakoMko ukta jaina namaskAra vAkya sikhAte hI rahe / yadyapi isa jaina namaskAra vAkya ke ajaina mAnyatA paraka artha bhI kiye jA sakate haiM tathApi yaha sunizcita hai ki isakA mUlasrota jaina saMskRti hI thii| isakI bhUmikA rASTrakUTa yugameM hue jainadharmake prasArakI bhUmikA pUrvavartI rAjyakAloMmeM bhalIbhAMti tayAra ho cukI thI / kadamba vaMza (la0 5 vI 6 ThI zatI I0) ke kitane hI rAjA jainadharmake anuyAyI tathA abhivarddhaka 1 madhyabhArata tathA uttara bhAratake dakSiNI bhAgameM isa rUpameM aba bhI calatA hai / 2 iNDiyana eNTIkvAyarI 6-pR0 22 tathA aage| "
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha the / lakSmezvarameM kitane hI kalpita abhilekha (tAmrapatrAdi ) mile haiM jo saMbhavataH IsAkI 10 va athavA 11 vIM zatImeM diye gaye hoMge tathApi unameM una dhArmika dAnoMkA ullekha hai jo prArambhika cAlukya rAjA vinayAditya, vijayAditya tathA vikramAditya dvitIyane jana dharmAyatanoM ko diye the| phalataH itanA to mAnanA hI par3egA ki ukta cAlukya nRpati yadA kadA jainadharmake pRSThapoSaka avazya rahe hoM ge anyathA jaba ye pazcAt-lekha likhe gaye taba 'ukta cAlukya rAjA hI kyoM dAtAra' rUpameM cune gaye tathA dUsare aneka prasiddha rAjAoMke nAma kyoM na diye gaye isa samasyAko sulajhAnA bahuta hI kaThina ho jAtA hai / bahata saMbhava hai ki ye abhilekha pahile pracArita hue tathA chIlakara miTA diye gaye mUla lekhoMkI uttarakAlIna pratilipi mAtra the / aura bhAvI itihAsakAroMke upayogake lie punaH utkIrNa karavA diye gaye the, joki vartamAnameM unhe managaDhanta kaha rahe haiM / talavAr3ake gaMga rAjavaMzake adhikAMza rAjA jaina dharmAnuyAyI tathA abhirakSaka the / jaina dharmAyatanoMko gaMgarAjA rAcamalla dvArA pradatta dAnapatra kurga meM mile hai / jaba isa rAjAne valhamalAI parvata para adhikAra kiyA thA to usapara eka jainamandirakA nirmANa karAke vijayI smRtiko amara kiyA thaa| prakRta rAjyakAlameM lakSmezvarameM rAya-rAcamalla vasati, gaMgA-paramAdi caityAlaya, tathA gaMga-kandarpa-caityamandira' nAmoMse vikhyAta jainamandira vartamAna the / jina rAjAoMke nAmAnusAra ukta mandiroMkA nAmakaraNa huA thA ve saba gaMgavaMzIya rAjAloga jainadharmake adhiSThAtA the; aisA niSkarSa ukta lekha parase nikAlanA samucita hai / mahArAja mArasena dvitIya to parama jaina the / AcArya ajitasena unake gurU the| jainadharmameM unakI itanI pragAr3ha zraddhA thI ki usIke vaza hokara unhoMne 974 I0 meM rAjya tyAga karake samAdhi maraNa ( sallekhanA) pUrvaka prANa visarjana kiyA thaa| mArasiMhake maMtrI cAmuNDarAya cAmuNDarAya purANake racayitA svAmibhakta prabala pratApI senApati the / zravaNabelagolAmeM gommaTezvara (prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadevake dvitIya putra bAhubalI) kI lokottara, vizAla tathA sarvAGga sundara mUrtikI sthApanA inhIMne karavAyI thii| jainadharmakI aAsthA tathA prasArakatAke kAraNa hI cAmuNDarAyakI ginatI una tIna mahApuruSoM meM kI jAtI hai jo jainadharmake mahAna pracAraka the| ina mahApuruSoMmeM prathama do to zrI gaMgarAja tathA hulla the jo ki hoyasala vaMzIya mahArAja viSNu-varddhana tathA mArasiMha prathamake mantrI the| nolaMbAvAr3I meM jainadharmakI khUba vRddhi ho rahI thii| eka aisA zilAlekha milA hai jisameM likhA hai ki nolambAvAr3I prAntameM eka grAmako seThane rAjAse kharIdA thA tathA use dharmapurI" ( vartamAna salema jilemeM par3atI hai) meM sthita jaina dharmAyatanako dAna kara diyA thaa| 1 i0 eNTI0 7, pR0 111 tathA age| 2 30 eNTI06 pR 103 / 3 epIgrAphikA iNDikA, 4 pR 140 / 4 60 eNTI0 7 pR 105-6 / 5 epI. i. bhA. 10 pR. 57 / 200
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________________ rASTrakUTa kAlameM jainadharma jaina rASTrakUTa rAjA rASTrakUTa rAjAoMmeM bhI amoghavarSa prathama vaidika dharmAnuyAyIkI apekSA jaina hI adhika thaa| zrAcArya jinasenane apane 'pAzrvAbhyudaya' kAvyameM 'apane Apako usa nRpatikA parama gurU likhA hai, jo ki apane gurU puNyAtmA munirAjakA nAma mAtra smaraNa karake apane Apako pavitra mAnatA thA' / ' gaNitazAstrake grantha 'sArasaMgraha' meM isabAtakA ullekha hai ki 'amogha varSa' syAdvAda dharmakA anuyAyI thA / apane rAjyako kisI mahAmArI se bacAneke lie amoghavarSane apanI eka aMgulI kI balI mahAlakSmIko car3hAyI thI / yaha batAtA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrake sAtha sAtha vaha vaidika devatAoMko bhI pUjatA thA / vaha jainadharmakA sakriya tathA jAgarUka anuyAyI thA / sva0 prA0 rAkhAla dAsa banarjIne mujhe batAyA thA ki banavAsImeM sthita jainadharmA yatanoMne amoghavarSakA apanI kitanI hI dhArmika kriyAoMke pravartakake rUpameM ullekha kiyA hai| yaha bhI suvidita hai ki amoghavarSa prathamane aneka bAra rAjasiMhAsanakA tyAga kara diyA thaa| yaha batAtA hai ki vaha kitanA saccA jaina thA / kyoM ki sabhavataH kucha samaya taka 'akiJcana' dharmakA pAlana karaneke lie hI usane yaha rAjya tyAga kiyA ho gaa| yaha amoghavarSakI jainadharma-AsthA hI thI jisane AdipurANake antima pAMca adhyAyoMke racayitA guNabhadrAcAryako apane putra kRSNa dvitIyakA zikSaka niyukta karavAyA thA / mUlaguNDameM sthita jaina mandirako kRSNarAja dvitIyane bhI dAna diyA thA" phalataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadi vaha pUrNarUpase jainI nahIM thA to kamase kama jainadharma kA prazrayadAtA to thA hI / itanA hI isake uttarAdhikArI indra tRtIyake viSayameM bhI kahA jA sakatA hai / dAnavulapaduI zilAlekhameM likhA hai ki mahArAja zrImAn nityavarSa ( indra tR.) ne apanI manokAmanAoMkI pUrtikI bhAvanAse zrI arhantadevake abhiSekamaMgalake lie pASANakI vedI (sumerU parvatakA upasthApana) banavAyI thI / antima rASTrakUTa rAjA indra caturtha bhI saccA jaina thA / jaba vaha bArambAra prayatna karake bhI taila dvitIyase apane rAjyako vApasa na kara pAyA taba usane apanI dhArmika AsthAke anusAra sallekhanA vrata dhAraNa karake prANa tyAga kara diyA thaa| jaina sAmanta rAjA-- rASTrakUTa nRpatiyoMke aneka sAmanta rAjA bhI jaina dharmAvalambI the / saunadattike raha zAsakoMmeM lagabhaga sabake saba hI jaina dharmAvalambI the / jaisA ki rASTrakUTa itihAsameM likha cukA hUM amoghavarSa prathamakA 1. i. eNTI. bhA. 7 pR. 216--8 / 2. viNTara nitzakA 'zIcI' bhA. 3 pR. 575 / 3. epI. i. bhA. 18 pR. 248 / 4. jarnala ba. brA. ro. e. so., bhA. 22 pR. 85 / 5. , , , bhA. 10 pR. 182 / 6. Arke0 sarve0 ri. 1905-6 pR. 121-2 / 7. i. eNTI. bhA. 23 pR. 124 / 26 201
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha pratinidhi zAsaka baGkeya' bhI jaina thA / yaha banavAsIkA zAsaka thA apanI rAjadhAnIke jainadharmAyatanoMko eka grAma dAna karane ke lie ise rAjAjJA prApta huI thI / baGkeyakA putra lokAditya jinendra deva dvArA upadiSTa dharmakA pracAraka thA; aisA usake dharma gurU zrI guNacandra ne bhI likhA hai / indra tRtIyake senApati zrIvijaya' bhI jaina the inakI chatra chAyA meM jaina sAhityakA paryApta vikAsa huA thA / uparyullikhita mahArAja, sAmanta rAjA, padAdhikArI to aise haiM jo apane dAna-patrAdike kAraNa rASTrakUTa yugameM jainadharma prasAraka ke rUpase jJAta haiM, kintu zIghra hI jJAta ho gA ki inake atirikta anya bhI aneka jaina rAjA isa yugameM hue the / isa yugane jaina granthakAra tathA upadezakoM kI eka khaNDa sundara mAlA hI utpanna kI thI / yataH ina sabako rAjyAzraya prApta thA phalataH inakI sAhityika evaM dharmapracArakI pravRttiyoMse samasta janapada para gambhIra prabhAva par3A thA / bahuta saMbhava hai isa yugameM raha janapadakI samasta janasaMkhyAkA eka tRtIyAMza bhagavAna mahAvIrakI divyadhvani (siddhAntoM) kA anuyAyI rahA ho / alabarUnIke 4 uddhAraNoMke AdhAra para razIda-uda-dInane likhA hai ki koMkaNa tathA thAnAke nivAsI I0 kI gyArahavIM zatIke prArambhameM samanI ( zramaNa arthAta bauddha ) dharmake anuyAyI the / ala idarisIne naharavAlA (nahila paTTana ) ke rAjAko bauddha dharmAvalambI likhA hai / itihAsa kA pratyeka vidyArthI jAnatA hai ki jisa rAjAkA usane ullekha kiyA hai vaha jaina yA, bauddha nahIM / ataeva spaSTa hai ki musalamAna bahudhA jainoMko bauddha samajha lete the / phalataH uparyullikhita razIda uda dInakA vaktavya dakSiNa koMkaNa tathA thAnA bhAgoM meM dazamI tathA gyArahavIM zatake jainadharma- prasArakA sUcaka hai bauddha dharmakA nahIM / rarASTrakUTa kAlakI samAptike uparAnta hI liMgAyata sampradAya ke udayake kAraNa jainadharmako apanA bahuta kucha prabhAva khonA par3A thA kyoM ki kisI hada taka yaha sampradAya jainadharmako miTAkara hI bar3hA thA / jaina saMgha jIvana isa kAla ke abhilekhoM se prApta sUcanA ke AdhAra para usa samaya ke jaina maThoMke bhItarI jIvanakI eka jhAMkI milatI hai / prArambhika kadamba" vaMzake abhilekhoMse patA lagatA hai ki varSA Rtu (caturmAsa ) aneka jaina sAdhu eka sthAna para rahA karate the / isIke ( varSA ke 6 ) antameM ve suprasiddha jaina parva paryA manAte the / jaina zAstroM meM paryApaNakA bar3A mahatva hai / dUsarA dhArmika samAroha phAlguna zuklA aSTamI se 1. hiSTrI o0 dI rASTrakUTas pR. 272-3 / 2. epI. i. bhA. 6 pR. 29 / 3. epI. I. bhA. 10 pR. 149 / 4. iliyaTa, 1. pU. 68 / 5, 1. eNTI. bhA. 7 pR. 34 6. ena epIToma opha jainijma pR. 676-7 / 202
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________________ rASTrakUTa kAlameM jainadharma prArambha hotA thA aura eka saptAha taka calatA thaa| zvetAmbaroMmeM yaha caitra zuklA 8 mI se prArambha hotA hai / zatruJjaya parvata para yaha parva aba bhI bar3e samArohase manAyA jAtA hai kyoM ki unakI mAnyatAnusAra zrI RSabhadevake gaNadhara puNDarIkane pAMca karor3a anuyAyiyoMke sAtha isa tithiko hI mukti pAyI thii| yaha donoM parva SaSTha zatIke dakSiNameM supracalita the phalataH ye rASTrakUTa yugameM bhI avazya bar3e utsAhase manAye jAte hoM ge kyoM ki jainazAstra inakI bidhi karatA hai aura ye Aja bhI manAye jAte haiM / rASTrakUTa yugake mandira to bahuta kucha aMzoMmeM vaidika mandira kalAkI pratilipi the / bhagavAna mahAvIra kI pUjanavidhi vaisI hI vyaya-sAdhyatathA vilAsamaya ho gayI thI jaisI ki viSNu tathA zivakaH thI / zilAlekhoMmeM bhagavAna mahAvIrake 'aGgabhoga' tathA 'raGgabhoga' ke lie dAna deneke ullekha milate haiM jaisA ki vaidika devatAoM ke lie calana thA / yaha saba bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA upadiSTa sarvAGga AkiMcanya dharmakI vikRta vyAkhyA nahIM thI? jaina maThoMmeM bhojana tathA auSadhiyoMkI pUrNa vyavasthA rahatI thI tathA dharma zAstrake zikSaNa kI bhI paryApta vyavasthA thI? amoghavarSa prathamakA konnUra zilAlekha tathA karkake sUrata tAmrapatra jaina dharmAyatanoMke lie hI diye gaye the / kintu donoM lekhoMmeM dAnakA uddezya balicaru-dAna, vaizvadeva tathA agnihotra diye haiM / ye sabake saba pradhAna vaidika saMskAra haiM / ApAtataH inako karaneke lie jaina mandiroMko diye gaye dAnako dekha kara koI bhI vyakti Azcarya meM par3a jAtA hai| saMbhava hai ki rASTrakUTa yugameM jainadharma tathA vaidika dharmake bIca zrAjakI apekSA adhikatara samatA rahI ho| athavA rAjyake kAryAlayakI asAvadhAnIke kAraNa dAnake ukta hetu zilAlekhoMmeM jor3a diye gaye haiM / konnUra zilAlekhameM ye hetu itane ayukta sthAna para haiM ki mujhe dUsarI vyAkhyA hI adhika upayukta jaMcatI hai / rASTrakUTa yugakA jaina sAhitya-- jaisA ki pahile AcukA hai amoghavarSa prathama, kRSNa dvitIya tathA indra tRyIya yA to jainadharmAnuyAyI the athavA jainadharma ke prazraya dAtA the| yahI avasthA unake adhikatara sAmantoMkI bhI thii| ataeva yadi isa yugameM jaina sAhityakA paryApta vikAsa huA to yaha vizeSa AzcaryakI bAta nahIM hai / 8 vIM zatIke madhyameM haribhadrasUrI hue haiM tathApi inakA prAnta aAjJAta honese inakI kRtiyoMkA yahAM vicAra nahIM kareM ge / svAmI samantabhadra yadyapi rASTrakUTa kAlake bahuta pahile hue haiM tathApi syAdvAdakI sarvottama vyAkhyA tathA tatkA 1, bhAdoM ke antameM payUSaNa hotA hai / tathA caturmAsake antameM kArtikakI aSTAnhikA par3atI haiN| 2. inasAiklopIDiyA opha rilIjana tathA ithikas bhA. 5, pR. 878 / 3. jarnala bo. bA. ro. e. so; bhA. 10 pR- 237 / / 203
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha lIna samasta darzanoMkI spaSTatathA sayuktika samIkSA karaneke kAraNa unakI prAptamImAMsA itano lokapriya ho cukI thI ki isa rAjyakAlameM 8vIM zatIke prArambhase lekara Age isa para aneka TIkAeM dakSiNameM likho gayI thiiN| rASTrakUTa yugake prArambhameM akalaM kabhaTTane isapara apanI aSTazatI TIkA likhI tho / zravaNa belagolAke 67 veM zilAlekhameM akalaMkadeva rAjA sAhasatuMgase apanI mahattA kahate hue citrita kiye gaye haiN| aisA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki ye sAhasatuGga dantidurga dvitIya the / isa zilAlekhameM bauddhoMke vijetArUpameM akalaMka bhaTTakA varNana hai| aisI bhI daMtokti hai ki akalaMkabhaTTa rASTrakUTa samrATa kRSNa prathamake putra the / kintu ise aitihAsika satya banAneke lie adhika pramANoMkI AvazyakatA hai| prAptamImAMsAkI sarvAGgasundara TIkAke racayitA zrI vidyAnanda isake thor3e samaya bAda hue the| inake ullekha zravaNabelagolAke zilAlekhoM meM haiN| nyAya-zAstra-- __isa yugameM jainatarkazAstrakA jo vikAsa huzrA hai vaha bhI sAdhAraNa na thA ? 8 vIM zatIke uttarArdhameM hue zrA0 maNikyanandIne hI parIkSAmukha sUtra' kI racanA kI thii| nauvIM zatIke pUrvArddha meM isapara zrA0 prabhAcandrane apanI vikhyAta 'prameyakamala mArtaNDa' TIkA likhI thI / inhoMne mArtaNDake atirikta 'nyAyakumudacandra' bhI likhA thaa| jaina tarkazAstra ke dUsare prAcArya jo ki isI yugameM hue the va mallavAdI the, jinhoMne navasArImeM digambara jaina maThakI sthApanAkI thI jisakA aba koI patA nahIM hai 1 karka svarNavarSa ke sUratapatra meM inake ziSyake ziSyako 821 I. meM datta dAnakA ullekha hai inhoMne dharmottarA"cAryakI nyAyavindu TIkApara TippaNa likhe the jo ki dharmottara TippaNa nAmase khyAta hai| bauddha granthake Upara jainAcArya dvArA TIkA likhA jAnA rASTrakUTakAlake dhArmika samanvaya tathA sahiSNutA kI bhAvanAkA sarvathA ucita phala thA / . amoghavarSakI rAjasabhA to aneka vidvAnoMrUpI mAlAse suzobhita thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki AgAmI aneka zatiyoMmeM vaha mahAn sAhityika-prazrayadAtAke rUpameM khyAta thA / usake dharmagurU jinasenAcArya harivaMza purANake racayitA the, yaha grantha 783 I0 meM samApta huaA thaa| apanI kRtikI prazastimeM usa varSa meM vidyamAna rAjAaoMke nAmoMkA ullekha karake unane prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa ke zodhaka vidvAnoM para bar3A upakAra kiyA hai vaha apanI kRti AdipurANako samApta karane taka jIvita nahIM raha sake the| 1 pITarasanakI riporTa saM 2,79 / ja0 ba0 brA0 ro. e0 so0 bhA0 18 pR 213 / 2 epI0 karnA0 bhA0 2 saM 254 / 3 bhAratIya nyAyakA itihAsa pR0 179 4 epI0 i0 bhA0 21 5 bhA0 nyA0 pR 194-51 6 i0 eNTI0 1904 pR. 27 / 204
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________________ rASTrakUTa kAlameM jainadharma jise unake ziSya guNacandrane 867 I0 meM samApta kiyA thA; jo banavAsI' 12000 ke zAsaka lokAdityake dharmaguru the| zrAdipurANa jainagrantha hai jisameM jaina tIrthaMkara, Adi zalAkA puruSoMke jIvana caritra haiM / AcArya jinasenane apane pArvAbhyudaya kAvyameM zRGgArika khaMDakAvya meghadUtake pratyeka zlokakI antima paMkti ( caturtha caraNa ) ko tapasvI tIrthakara pArzvanAthake jIvana varNanameM samAviSTi karanekI adbhuta vauddhika kuzalatAkA paricaya diyA hai / pArkhAbhyudayake pratyeka padyakI antima paMkti meghadUta ke usI saMkhyAke zlokase lI gayI hai| vyAkaraNa grantha zAkaTAyanakI amoghavRtti tathA vIrAcAryakA gaNita-grantha 'gaNitasArasaMgraha' bhI amoghavarSa prathamake rAjyakAlameM samApta hue the| taddezIya sAhitya kanArI bhASAmeM prathama lakSaNazAsra 'kavirAjamArga' likhe jAnekA zreya bhI samrATa amoghavarSake rAjyakAlako hai / kintu vaha svayaM racayitA the yA kevala preraka the yaha aba bhI vivAdagrasta hai" / praznottaramAlAkA racayitA bhI vivAdakA viSaya hai kyoMki isake lie zrI zaMkarAcArya, vimala tathA amoghavarSa prathamake nAma liye jAte haiM / DA. epha0 DavalyU0 thomasane tibbatI bhASAke isake anuvAdakI prazastike AdhArapara likhA hai ki isa pustikAke tibbatI bhASAmeM anuvAdake samaya amoghavarSa prathama isakA karttA mAnA jAtA thA / ataH bahuta saMbhava hai ki vahI isakA kartA rahA ho| dasavIM zatIke madhya taka dakSiNa karNATakake cAlukya vaMzIya sAmantoMkI rAjadhAnI gaMgadhArA bhI sAhityika pravRttiyoMkA bar3A kendra ho gayI thii| yahIM para somadeva sUrine apane 'yazastilakacampU' tathA 'nIti vAkyA nRta'kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| yazastilaka yadyapi dhArmika pustaka hai tathApi lekhakane isako sarasa campU banAnemeM adbhuta sahityika sAmarthyakA paricaya diyA hai / dvitIya pustaka rAjanItikI hai / kauTilyake arthazAstrakI anugAminI honeke kAraNa isakA svataMtra mahattva nahIM zrAMkA jA sakatA hai tathApi yaha grantha sAmpradAyikatAse sarvathA zUnya hai tathA kauTilyake arthazAstrase bhI UMcI naitika dRSTi se likhA gayA hai / 1 i0 epTI0 bhA0 12 pR0 216 / 2 isameM apane ko lekhaka amoghavarSakA 'paramaguru, kahatA hai / 3 i0 eNTI0 1914 pR0 205 / 4 viNTaraniza gajaiTI bhA0 3 pR0 57 / 5 i0 eNTI0 1904 pR0 199 / 6 ja0 ba0 brA0 ro0 e0 so- 12 pR. 980 / 7 yazastilakacampU pR0 419 / 205
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha mahAkavi pampa-- __isa rAjyakAlameM karNATaka jainadharmakA sudRr3ha gar3ha thaa| tathA jainAcAryoMko yaha bhalI bhAMti smaraNa thA ki unake paramaguru tIrthakarane janapadakI bhASAoM meM dharmopadeza diyA thaa| pariNAma svarUpa 10 vIM zatImeM hama kanArI lekhakoMkI bharamAra pAte hai / jinameM jainI hI adhika the| inameM prAcInatama tathA pradhAnatama mahAkavi pampa the inakA janma 902 I0 meM huA thaa| Andhra dezake nivAsI hokara bhI kanArI bhASAke Adi kavi hue the / inhoMne apanI kRti AdipurANako 941 I0 meM samApta kiyA thA, yaha jaina grantha hai| apane mUla grantha 'vikramArjuna vijaya' meM inhoMne apane aAzrayadAtA 'arikezarI dvitIya, ko arjunarUpase upasthita kiyA hai, ataH yaha grantha aitihAsika racanA hai| isI granthase hameM indra tRtIyake uttara bhArata para kiye gaye una aAkramaNoMkI sUcanA milatI hai jinameM usakA sAmanta arikezarI dvitIya bhI jAtA thaa| isa kAlake dUsare granthakAra 'asaMga' tathA 'jinacandra' the jinakA ullekha pUnane kiyA hai yadyapi inakI eka bhI kRti upalabdha nahIM hai / pUna kavi 10 zatoke tRtIya caraNameM hue haiM / yaha saMskRta tathA kanArI bhASAmeM kavitA karane meM itane adhika dakSa the ki inheM kRSNa tRtIyane ubhayakula cakravartIkI upAdhi dI thii| inakI pradhAna kRti 'zAnti purANa ' hai / mahArAja mArasiMha dvitIyake senApati cAmuNDarAyane 'cAmuNDarAyapurANa' ko dasavIM zatIke tIsare caraNameM likhA thaa| ranna bhI prasiddha kanArI kavi the / inakA janma 949 I0 meM huA thaa| inakA 'ajitanAthapurANa41 993 I0 meM samApta huA thA / jaina dharma granthoMkA purANa rUpameM racA jAnA batAtA hai ki rASTrakUTa yugameM jainadharmakA prabhAva tathA mAnyatA dakSiNameM asIma thii| 1 karNATaka bhASAbhUSaNa, bhUmikA0 pR0 13-4 3 epI0 i0 bhA0 5, pR0 175 / 4" " 6 " 72 /
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________________ kaula dharmakA paricaya zrI DA0 prA0 AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye, ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0 ___mahAkavi rAjazekharakA samaya lagabhaga 600 I0 mAnA jAtA hai| inake prAkRta nATaka 'karpUramaJjarI'' meM indrajAlika bhairavAnandake mukhase kucha aisI bAteM sunaneko milatI haiM jinameM 'kaula dharma' ke viSayameM AkarSaka tathA nihita haiM / 'apane guruoMke prasAdase kauladharmake anuyAyI maMtra, taMtra tathA dhyAnake lie kaSTa nahIM karate the / khAna-pAna tathA viSaya bhogameM bhI unake yahAM kAmAcAra calatA thaa| ve bhISaNa kulaTA yuvatIse vivAha karate the, mAMsa bhakSaNa unake lie sahaja thA tathA madirA to grAhya thI hii| ve bhikSAnnakA bhojana karate the, tathA carmakhaNDa hI unakI zayyA thI / bhagavAn brahmA tathA viSNune dhyAna, veda-zAstroMkA adhyayana tathA yajJa-yAgAdikA mukti prAptike sAdhana rUpase upadeza diyA ho gA kintu unakA zrAdarza deva umApati isa dizAmeM adbhuta hai; kyoMki unhoMne madirApAna tathA strI-saMbhoga dvArA hI muktikA upadeza diyA hai / jaisA ki karpUramaJjarIke nimna uddhAraNoMse spaSTa hai maMtANa taMtANa Na kiM pi jANe jhANaM ca No ki pi guruppsaayaa| majja pizrAmo mahilaM ramAmo mokkhaM ca jAmo kulamaggalaggA // raMDA caMDA dikkhiA dhammadArA, majjaM maMbhaM piJjarA khjraashr| bhikkhA bhojjaM camma khaMDaM ca sejA kolo dhammo kassa No-bhAi rambho / / mutti bhaNaMti hari brahmamuhA vi devA jhANeNa veapaDhaNeNa kaukkiAhiM / ekkeNa kevala mumAdaieNa dihro mokkho samaM surazra keli surArasehiM // 'pRthvI para candramAko le pAnekI, sUryako madhya aAkAzameM kIlita kara denekI tathA svargIya yakSa, siddha, deva tathA apsarAoMko nIce le pAnekI' bhairavAnandakI garvokti bhI isI dhArAmeM hai 1. kono dvArA sampAdita haravArDa mAlAke kembrija hastalikhita grantha ( 1901) 2 kapUramaJjarI 1, 22-24 / kiMca
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha dasemi taM pi sasiNaM vasuhAbairANaM thaMbhemi tassa vi raissa rahaM Nahaddha / ANemi jakkha sura siddha gaNaM gnnaashro| taM Natthi bhUmibalae maha jaMNa majjha / / adhika saMbhAvanA yahI hai ki ye saba yogyatAeM bhairavAnandako prApta vizeSa siddhiyAM rahI ho / tathA sAdhAraNatayA pratyeka kaula dharmAnuyAyImeM nahIM pAyI jAtI rahI ho / devasenAcAryaka varNana-- zrI devasenAcAryane apane darzanasAra' ko vi0 saM0 990 arthAt 933 I0 meM samApta kiyA thA / phalataH ve rAjazekharake samakAlIna the| apane 'bhAvasaMgrahare meM unhoMne katipaya ajaina darzanoM tathA dharmoM kI samIkSA kI hai| isI prasaMgase inhoMne bhI kauladharmake viSayameM kucha vistRta ullekha kiyA hai / inhoMne 'kaula' tathA 'kavila'3 paMthoMko eka dUsare meM milA diyA hai tathA prAkRta aura apabhraMzake padyoMko eka sAtha rakha diyA hai, isa para se mere manameM vicAra AtA hai ki devasenane apane samayake pracalita tathA suvidita mantavyoMko kevala ekatrita kara diyA hai| unhoMne na to kaula dharmake siddhAntagranthoMkA hI adhyayana kiyA hai aura na isa dharmake anuyAyiyoMke samparkameM Akara svayaM unheM jAnanekA prayatna kiyA hai| unake adhikAMza udgAra rAjazekharake uddharaNoMke atyanta samAna haiM tathA nimnalikhita sUcanAeM rAjazekharakI apekSA adhika haiM-'nArI ziSyoMke sAtha manamAnA kAmAcAra kauladharmake anukula hai, indriyabhoga bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai, madirApAna tathA mAMsa bhakSaNake sAtha, sAtha jIva-hiMsA bhI isa dharmake anukUla hai / isa dharmameM ArAdhya deva vAsanAse aAkrAnta hai tathA 'mAyA' evaM 'zUnya' nAma lekara pUjA jAtA hai, guru loga indriya-bhogoMmeM lIna rahate haiM, strIkI vaya, pada, pratiSThA, AdikA koI vicAra nahIM hai / vaha kevala bhoga vilAsakA sAdhana hai / 'bhAva saMgraha' ke kucha saMzodhita padya nimna prakAra haiM "raMDA muMDA caMDI, suMDI dikkhidA dhammadArA sIsA kaMtA kAmAsattA kAmiyA sA viyaaraa| majja mAMsaM miTuM bhakkhaM bhakkhiyaM jahi sokkhaM kavale dhamme visave rambhe taM ji ho mokkha sokkhaM // rattA mattA kAmAsattA dUsiyA dhamma maggA 1. 'bhaNDArakara risarca insTITyUTa kI patrikA pra. 15 bhA. 3. (pUnA 1934 ) 2. mANikacandra di. jaina granthamAlA bambaI ( 1921) / 3. kauladharmakA vistRta varNana mere sAMkhya vibhAgameM diyA hai| 4. bhA0 saM0 pR0 182-85 / 208
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________________ kaula dharmakA paricaya duThThA kaTThA biTThA jhuTThA NidiyA mokkhmgaa| akkhe sukkhe agge dukkhe NibharaM digaNacittA Nerai yANaM dukkhaTTANaM tassa simsA pauttA // majje dhammo maMse dhammo jIya hisAI dhammo rAI devo dosI devo mAyA surANaM vi devo / rattA mattA kaMtA sattA je guru vi pujA hA hA kaTTaNaTTo lozro aTTamaTTa kunnNto|| dhUya mAyari vahiNi aNNA vi puttasthiNi zrAyati ya vAsavayaNu payaDe vi vippe / jaha ramiya kAmAureNa veyagavve uppaNa dappe / vaMbhaNi chipiNi DoMvi NaDi ya varuDi rajjai cammAri kavale samai samAgai ya bhuttima paraNAri / jasaharacariUkA varNana-- zrI puSpadantAcAryake 'jasaharacariU'1 ( yazodharacarita ) ke mUla meM zrIgandharva (1308 I0) dvArAbAdameM sammilita kara diye gaye aMzoMmeM bhI kaulAcAryakA camatkAra-pUrNa varNana milatA hai| kaulAcArya ke zarIrakA varNana bhI rucikara hai / jaisA ki bhairava nAmase spaSTa hai unakA sAdhAraNa AkAra prakAra bhISaNa hotA hai / vaha zirapara raMga viraMgI TopI pahinate haiM jo donoM kAnoMko Dhake rahatI hai hAthameM battIsa aMgula lambA daNDa rahatA hai jise pakar3anekA unakA prakAra bar3A vicitra hai| galemeM yogapaTTa pahinate haiM, adbhuta rUpase susajita rahate haiM, pairoMmeM lakar3IkI khar3AUM pahine rahate haiM tathA sundara ToMTI dAra patalI aAvAjakA bAjA (saMga) liye rahate haiM / unake anya guNoMkA vivecana karate likhA hai--vaha kapaTI tathA krUra hotA hai; jorase cillAtA huA vaha dvAra, dvAra bhojana mAMgatA phiratA hai / vaha logoMko apane sampradAyameM dIkSita karatA hai| vaha indriya bhogoMmeM zrAsakta hotA hai aura kucha bhI khA sakatA hai / vaha apaneko aja tathA ciraJjIvi kahatA hai tathA cAroM yugoMkI samasta ghaTanAoM kA sAkSAt-dRSTA kaha kara unheM ginAnA prArambha kara detA hai / vaha apane Apako adbhuta zakti sampanna kahatA hai; vaha sabako zAnta rakha sakatA hai, vaha sUryakI gati roka sakatA hai, candrikAko bIcameM hI Dhaka sakatA hai, vaha vividha vidy| tathA maMtroMkA prabhu hai / vaha mahA zaktizAlI puruSa hai jo ki saba kucha kara sakatA hai / sambaddha paMktiyAM nimna prakAra haiM2 -- 1, kArA jaina granthamAlAmeM zrIvaidya dvArA sampAdita saskaraNa ( 1931 ) bhUmikA pR0 17 tathA mUla 6, Adi / 2. jasaharacariU pra0 5, 20-6, 15, 6, 28-7, 3 / 27 209
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha "taho raja karata ho jaNupAlaMta ho maMta mahali hiM pariyariu / ettahiM rAya uraho dhaNakaNa pauraho saMpattau kaulAyariu // tahiM jagaha bhayAulu aliya rAsi bhairau ahiM hANi savvagAsi / tahi bhamahi bhikkhayarU dei sikkha aNugayahaM jarAhaM kulamagga dikkha / bahusikkha hiMsa hiyau DaMbhadhAri, ghari ghari hiMDai huMkAra kAri / siri ToppI digaNa kharaNa varaNa sA jhaMpavi saMThiya doriNa karaNa / agula dutIsa parimANa daMDu hatthe upphAlivi rahaI cNddu| gali jogavaTTa sajiu vicittu pAuDiya jumbhu pai dirANu dittu / taDa taDa taDa taDa taDiya siMgu siMgaggu chevi kiu teNa caMgu / appi appaho mAhappu dappu aNauMchiu jaMpaI thuNai appu / maha purau pasappiya jayacayAri hara jarai Na ghippami kappa dhaari| Nala Nahusa veNu maMdhAya jevi mahi bhuMjivi avaraI gayaI te vi| maI dihra rAmarAvaNa bhiDaMta saMgAmaragi Nisiyara paData / maI dicha juhiTThilu vaMdhusahiu dujjohaNu Na karai viNhu kahiu / hau~cirajIviu mAkarahu bhaMtti hau sayalahaM loyahaM karami saMti / hau thaMbhibhi ravihi vibhANujaMtu caMdassa joNha chAyami turaMtu / savvau vijau mahu vipphuraMti bahu taMta maMta aggai saraMti / joisaru maNi tuTThau ciMtai duThThau iMdiya suhu mahu pujjai / jaM jaM uddesami taM bhujesami ArAsahu saMpajai / tA cavai joi mahu sayalu riddhi vipphurai khaNaMtari vijasiddhi / hauM haraNa karaNa kAraNa samatthu haraM payaDu dharAvali guNa pasatthu / jaM jaM tuhu~ maggati kiM pi vatthu taM taM hAM demi mahA payatthu // " gandharva tathA rAjazekharake uddharaNoMkI sUkSma samIkSA dvArA maiM isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA hUM ki sAkSAt athavA paramparayA prathama vidvAn dvitIyake RNI haiM / 'karpUramaJjarI' meM Aye 'bhairava' tathA 'joisaru' zabdoMkA prayoga 'jasahara cariU' meM bhI huA hai / antara itanA hai ki prathamameM 'bhairavAnanda' pada hai| donoM varNanoMmeM kaulAcArya ke adhikAMza guNa samAna haiM tathA 'sUryako madhya aAkAzameM roka dUra kathanakA to zabda-vinyAsa bhI samAna hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki kauladharma tathA kaulAcArya ke uparyallikhita varNanoM tathA ullekhoMko dhArmika pakSapAtane kucha atiraMjita kiyA ho, tathApi rAjazekhara tathA devasenake uddharaNoMmeM tathA ukta anya sAmagrImeM dazamIM zatImeM pracalita kauladharmakA acchA citra milatA hai jo ki usake sthUla jJAnake lie paryApta hai / 210
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________________ bhagavAna mahAvIrakI nirvANabhUmi zrI prA0 DA0 rAjabalI pANDeya, ema0 e0, DI0 liTa. isa bAtako sabhI mAnate haiM ki bhagavAn mahAvIrakA nirvANa pAvA-(a-pApA ) purImeM huA thA / Aja kala zraddhAlu jaina jisa sthAnako unakI nirvANabhUmi samajha kara tIrthayAtrA karane jAte haiM vaha paTanA jilAntargata rAjagRha aura nAlandAke bIca bar3agAMvameM sthita hai| prastuta lekhakake matameM aAdhunika pAvAkI pratiSThA bhAvanA-prasUta, pazcAt-sthAnAntarita aura kalpita pratIta hotI hai / vAstavika pAvApurI usase bhinna aura dUrastha thii| nirvANa varNana-- mUla granthoM meM bhagavAn mahAvIrake nirvANake sambandhameM nimnalikhita varNana milate haiM1-jaina kalpasUtra aura pariziSTa-parvanke anusAra bhagavAn mahAvIrakA nirvANa (dehAvasAna) malloMkI rAjadhAnI pAvAmeM huaa| malloMkI nava zAkhAaoMne nirvANasthAna para dIpaka jalA kara prakAzotsava mnaayaa| 2-bauddhagrantha majjhimanikAya (3-1-4) meM yaha ullekha hai ki jisa samaya bhagavAn buddha zAkyadezake 'sAma' grAmameM vihAra kara rahe the usa samaya 'nigaMTha-nAtaputta' abhI abhI pAvAmeM mare the / 3-bauddhagrantha aTThakathAse bhI isa bAtakI puSTi hotI hai ki maraneke samaya bhagavAn mahAvIra nAlandAse pAvA cale Aye the / Uparake varNanoMse nIce likhe niSkarSa nikalate haiM1-jisa pAvAmeM bhagavAn mahAvIrakA nirvANa huA vaha malloMkI rAjadhAnI thii| 2-uparyukta pAvA zAkyadezake nikaTa thI; dUsare varNanase yaha spaSTa dhvani nikalatI hai| 3-jisa taraha bhagavAn buddha apane nirvANake pUrva rAjagRhase calakara kuzInagara Aye usI prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra bhI nAlandAse pAvA pahuMca gaye the / bhagavAn buddhakA kuzInagarake malloM meM aura bhagavAna mahAvIrakA pAvAke malloMmeM bar3A mAna thaa| 211
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha samasyA- prazna yaha hai ki malloMkI rAjadhAnI pAvA kahAM para sthita thii| yaha nizcita hai ki bauddha aura jaina sAhitya meM jina gaNataMtroMkA varNana milatA hai unameM se pAvAke malloMkA bhI eka gaNataMtra thA / malloM kI do mukhya zAkhAeM thIM - - ( 1 ) kuzInagara ke malla aura ( 2 ) pAvAke malla / malloMkI nava choTI choTI zAkhAoM kA bhI varNana milatA hai jinako mallaki ( laghuvAcaka ) kahate the / inake sabhI varNanoM se yahI niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki malloMkI sabhI zAkhAeM nikaTastha, par3osI aura eka saMgha meM saMghaTita thIM / ataH malloMkI dUsarI pramukha zAkhAkI rAjadhAnI pAvA prathama pramukha zAkhAkI rAjadhAnI kuzInagarase dUra na hokara pAsa honI cAhiye / aba yaha nirvivAda rUpase siddha ho gayA hai ki kuzInagara devariyA jilAntargata ( kucha samaya pahale gorakhapura jilAntargata) kasayA nAmaka kasabeke pAsa anurudhavAke dUhoM para sthita thA / bauddhakAlIna gaNataMtra bar3e bar3e rAjya nahIM the / una rAjyoM meM rAjadhAnI aura unake zrAsa pAsa ke pradeza sammilita hote the; saMbhavataH ye yUnAnake 'nagararASTroM' se kucha bar3e the / isa paristhitimeM pAvA kahIM kuzInagara ke pAsa sthita honI cAhiye / pAvAkA sthAna -- pAvAkI sthiti aura dizA ke saMketa bauddha sAhitya meM nimna rUpase milate haiM 1. prasiddha bauddha grantha 'mahAparinibbAna suttAnta' meM nirvANake pUrva bhagavAn buddhakI rAjagRha se kuzInagara takakI yAtrAke mArga aura cArikA kA varNana milatA hai / isake anusAra ve rAjagRhase nAlandA, nAlandAse pATaliputra ( jo abhI basa rahA thA ), pATaliputra se koTigrAma, koTigrAmase nAdikA, nAdikA se vaizAlI, vaizAlIse bhaNDugrAma, bhaNDugrAma se hastigrAma ( hathuzrA ke pAsa ), hastigrAma se ambagrAma (miyA), zrambagrAma se jambugrAma, jambugrAma se bhoganagara ( badarAMva ), bhoganagarase pAvA aura pAvAse kuzInagara gaye / isa yAtrA-kramameM pAvA bhoganagara ( badarAMva ) aura kuzInagara ke bIca meM honI cAhiye / eka bAta aura dhyAna denekI hai / bhagavAn buddha raktAtisArase pIDita hote hue bhI pAvAse kuzInagara paidala eka dina meM vizrAma karate hue pahuMce the / zrataeva pAvA kuzInagara se eka dinakI halakI yAtrAkI dUrI para sthita honI cAhiye / 2. dUsare bauddha grantha 'cullanidesake' 'miGgiya suttameM' bhI eka yAtrAkA ullekha hai / isameM hemaka, nanda, dUbhaya, Adi jaTila sAdhu allaka se cale the aura unake mArga meM kramazaH nimna likhita nagara par3e / kosambaJzcApi sAketaM sAvatthiM ca puruttamaM / sotavyaM kapilavatthaM kusinAraJca maMdiraM // pAvaJca bhoganagaraM vesAli mAgamaM puraM / 212
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________________ bhagavAn mahAvIrakI nirvANabhUmi Uparake avataraNase bhI spaSTa hai ki vaizAlIkI aorase pAvA nagarI bhoganagara (badarAMva ) aura kuzInagarake bIca meM par3atI thii| ina saba bAtoMko dhyAnameM rakhakara jo sar3aka kuzInagarase vaizAlI ( = vasAr3ha vihArake mujaphpharapura jilemeM ) kI.ora jAtI hai usI para pAvA nagarIko DhUr3hanA cAhiye / isI rAste para kuzInagarase lagabhaga 9 mIlakI dUrI para pUrva-dakSiNa dizAmeM saThiyAMva (phAjila nagara) ke Der3ha mIla vistRta bhagnAvazeSa haiN| ye avazeSa bhoganagara aura kuzInagarake bIcameM sthita haiM / 'mahAparinibbAna suttAnta' se yaha bhI patA lagatA hai ki pAvA aura kuzInagarake bIcameM do choTI nadiyAM bahatI thiiN| phAjilanagara aura kuzInagarake bIcameM ye nadiyAM zundA ( sonA ) aura ghAdhI ( kakutthA ) ke rUpameM vartamAna haiN| ataH sabhI paristhitiyoM para vicAra karate hue pAvApurIkI sthiti phAjilanagara hI nizcita jAna par3atI hai| phAjilanagara nAma nayA hai aura musalima zAsanake sayaya par3A thaa| yahIM eka TIle para eka musalamAna phakIrakI samAdhi bhI bana gayI hai / parantu isake pAsa hI meM vihAroMke bhagnAvazeSa aura jainamUrtiyoMke Tukar3e pAye jAte haiN| / ye avazeSa isa bAtakI aora saMketa karate haiM ki isa sthAnakA sambandha bauddha aura jainadharmoMse thA aura isase lagA huA eka vistRta nagara basA thA / durbhAgyavaza yahAM khananakArya abhI bilkula nahIM huA hai| khudAyI honepara isa sthAnakA itihAsa adhika spaSTa aura nizcita ho jaaygaa| anya mAnyatAeM kucha vidvAnoMne pAvAkI sthiti anyatra nizcita karane kI ceSTA kI hai| kaniMgahamane pAvAko vartamAna paDaraunA ( jyAgrAphikala DikzanarI zrApha aiM siyaMTa iMDiyA ) aura mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyanane pAvAko rAmakolA sTezanake pAsa 'papaura' mAnA hai| ina abhinnatAoMmeM thor3ese zabdasAmyako chor3akara aura koI pramANa nahIM haiM / ye donoM sthAna kuzInagarase pazcimottara kapilavastu aura zrAvastI jAnevAle mArgapara sthita haiM aura kuzInagarase vaizAlI jAnevAle mArgakI ThIka ulaTI dizAmeM haiN| ataH paDaraunA aura papaura pAvA nahIM ho sakate / prasiddha vidvAn sva0 DA0 kAzIprasAda jAyasavAlane bauddhakAlIna rAjyoMkI sthiti aura bhUgola para dhyAna na dekara apane graMtha 'hindUpoliTI' ( bhAga 1 pR0 48 ) meM malloMke rAjyako kuzInagarase paTanAke dakSiNa taka vistRta aura aspaSTa rUpase aAdhunika pAvAko malloMkI rAjadhAnI pAvA mAna liyA hai jo sarvathA bhrAnta hai| katipaya maulika virodha vartamAna pAvAko malloMkI rAjadhAnI aura bhagavAn mahAvIrakI nirvANa bhUmi mAna lenemeM kaI prabala ApattiyAM haiM 1. bhagavAn buddha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra donoMke samakAlIna magadhake rAjA bimbasAra aura ajAtazatru the| magadha rAjya gaMgAke dakSiNa sampUrNa dakSiNa-vihAra para phailA thaa| usakI rAjadhAnI usa 213
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha samaya pATaliputra na hokara rAjagRha ( rAjagiri ) thii| ajAtazatru bar3A hI mahatvAkAMkSI, sAmrAjyavAdI aura gaNataMtroMkA zatru thA / usane gaMgAke uttara meM sthita 'vajisaMgha' aura usake sahAyaka malla-saMghako dasa varSake bhISaNa yuddha ke bAda parAsta kiyA thA / ataH rAjagRhake nikaTa par3osameM malloMkI rAjadhAnI pAvAkA honA rAjanaitika dRSTise bilkula asaMbhava hai / aura magadha tathA kAzI donoM para adhikAra rakhanevAle ajAta zatruke samayameM gaMgAke dakSiNameM malla rAjyakA vistAra usase bhI adhika asaMbhava thaa| 2. 'mahAparinibbAnasuttAnta se tatkAlIna bhUgola aura usa samayake mAgauMkI dizAeM spaSTa mAlUma hotI haiM / dakSiNa-vihArameM sthita rAjagRhase prArambha honevAlA mArga uttarameM calakara gaMgAko pArTIlaputra para pAra karatA thaa| isake bAda vaha vaizAlI (uttara vihArakA mujaphpharapura jilA) pahaMcatA thA / usI mArga para pazcimottarameM calakara bhoganagara aura kuzInagarake bIcameM pAvApurI par3atI thI ! bhagavAn buddha bImArIkI avasthAmeM bhI pAvAse calakara paidala eka dinameM kuzInagara pahuMce the / rAjagRhake nikaTastha vartamAna pAvA kuzInagarase dasa mIlase adhikakI dUrI para hai; ataH yaha vAstavika pAvA nahIM ho sakatI / 3. vartamAna pAvApurImeM prAcIna nagara athavA dharmasthAnake koI avazeSa nahIM milate haiN| vartamAna maMdirAdi prAyaH aAdhunika haiM / yaha bAta isa sthAnakI prAcInatAmeM sandeha utpanna karatI hai / vartamAna pAvA saMbhavataH musalima zAsanake samaya sthAnAntarita huI mAlUma hotI hai / isako bhagavAna mahAvIrakI nirvANa bhUmi mAnanemeM eka bAta kAraNa ho sakatI hai / yaha nAlandAke ati nikaTa hai; saMbhavataH unakI aMtima yAtrA yahIM se prArambha huI ho / parantu unakA dehAvasAna malloMkI rAjadhAnI pAvAmeM hI hazrA thaa| 1, pAvA kI ora abhI bahuta kama logoM kA dhyAna gayA hai| saMbhavataH apane ajJAna aura musalima AtaMka ke kAraNa jaina janatA ne isakA parityAga kara diyA ho / parantu aba aitihAsika cetanA sthAnIya janatA meM jAgRta ho rahI hai aura gata varSa vahAM pAvA hAI skUla nAmaka vidyAlaya kholA gayA / pAsa ke hI kuzInagara meM sarakAra kA ora se khanana kArya huA hai aura zrImanta biralAjI ne kaI bhavya imArateMbanavA dI haiM / pAvA abhI sarakAra aura zraddhAlu zrImatoM kI pratIkSA kara rahI hai| 214
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________________ tAmila - pradezoM meM jainadharmAvalambI zrI prA0 ema0 esa0 rAmasvAmI AyaMgara, ema0 e0 zrImatparamagambhIrasyAdvAdAmoghalAJchanam / jIyAt trailokyanAthasya zAsanaM jinazAsanam // bhAratIya sabhyatA aneka prakArake tantuoM se milakara banI hai| vaidikoMkI gambhIra aura nirbhIka buddhi, jainakI sarvavyApI manuSyatA, buddhakA jJAna - prakAza, arabake paigambara ( muhammada sAhaba kA vikaTa dhArmika joza aura saMgaThana zakti, dravir3oMkI vyApArika pratibhA aura samayAnusAra parivartanazIlatA, ina sabakA bhAratIya jIvana ghara anupama prabhAva par3A hai aura Aja taka bhI bhAratiyoMke vicAroM, kAryoM aura AkAMkSAoM para unakA dRzya prabhAva maujUda hai| naye naye rASTroMkA utthAna aura patana hotA hai, rAje mahArAje vijaya prApta karate haiM aura padadalita hote haiM; rAjanaitika aura sAmAjika AndolanoM tathA saMsthAnoMkI unnati ke dina Ate haiM aura bIta jAte haiM, dhArmika sampradAyoM aura vidhAnoMkI kucha kAla taka anuyAyiyoM ke hRdayoM meM visphUrti rahatI hai / parantu isa satata parivartanakI kriyA ke antargata katipaya cirasthAyI lakSaNa vidyamAna haiM, jo hamAre aura hamArI santAnoMkI sarvadAke lie paitRka sampatti haiM / prastuta lekhameM eka aisI jAtike itihAsako ekatra karanekA prayatna kiyA jAyagA, jo apane samaya meM uccapada para virAjamAna thI, aura isa bAta para bhI vicAra kiyA jAyagA ki usa jAtine mahatI dakSiNabhAratIya sabhyatAkI unnatimeM kitanA bhAga liyA hai| jaina dharma kI dakSiNa yAtrA -- yaha ThIka ThIka nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki tAmila pradezoMmeM kaba jainadharmakA pracAra prArambha huA / sudUrake dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharmakA itihAsa likhane ke lie yatheSTa sAmagrIkA prabhAva hai / parantu digambaroMke dakSiNa jAnese isa itihAsakA prArambha hotA hai / zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekha ba pramANakoTi meM pariNata ho cuke haiM aura 16 vIM zatI meM devacandraviracita 'rAjAvalikathe' meM varNita jaina-itihAsako aba itihAsajJa vidvAn asatya nahIM ThaharAte / uparyukta donoM sUtroMse yaha jJAta hotA hai ki prasiddha bhadrabAhu ( zrutakevalI ) ne yaha dekhakara ki ujjaina meM bAraha varSakA eka bhayaGkara durbhikSa hone vAlA 215
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha hai, apane 12000 ziSyoMke sAtha dakSiNakI ora prayANa kiyA / mArgameM zrutakevalIko aisA jAna par3A ki unakA anta samaya nikaTa hai aura isalie unhoMne kaTavapra nAmaka dezake pahAr3a para vizrAma karanekI aAjJA dI / vaha deza jana, dhana, suvarNa, anna, gAya, bhaiMsa, bakarI, zrAdise sampanna thaa| taba unhoMne vizAkhamaniko upadeza dekara apane ziSyoMko use sauMpa diyA aura unheM cola aura pANDya dezoMmeM usake adhIna bhejaa| rAjAvalikathemeM likhA hai ki vizAkhamuni tAmila-pradezoMmeM gaye, vahAM para jainacaityAlayoMmeM upAsanA kI aura vahAMke nivAsI jainiyoMko upadeza diyA / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki bhadrabAhuke maraNa (arthAt 297 I0 pU0 ) ke pUrva bhI jainI sudUra dakSiNameM vidyamAna the / yadyapi isa bAtakA ullekha rAjAvalikatheke atirikta aura kahIM nahIM milatA aura na koI anya pramANa hI isake nirNaya karaneke lie upalabdha hotA hai, parantu jaba hama isa bAta para vicAra karate haiM ki pratyeka dhArmika sampradAyameM vizeSataH unake janmakAlameM, pracArakA bhAva bahuta prabala hotA hai, to zAyada yaha anumAna anucita na hogA ki jainadharma ke pUrvatara pracAraka pArzvanAthake saMgha dakSiNakI aora avazya gaye hoM ge / isake atirikta jainiyoMke hRdayoMmeM aise ekAnta sthAnoMmeM vAsa karanekA bhAva sarvadAse calA AyA hai, jahAM ve saMsArake jhaMjhaToMse dUra prakRtikI godameM, paramAnandakI prApti kara sakeM / ataeva aise sthAnoMkI khojameM jainI loga avazya dakSiNakI ora nikala gaye hoNge| madarAsa prAntameM jo abhI jaina mandiroM, guphAoM, aura vastiyoMke bhagnAvazeSa aura dhussa pAye jAte haiM vahI unake sthAna rahe hoM ge / yaha kahA jAtA hai ki kisI dezakA sAhitya usake nivAsiyoMke jIvana aura vyavahAroMkA citra hai / isI siddhAntake anusAra tAmila-sAhityakI granthAvalIse hameM isa bAtakA patA lagatA hai ki jainiyoMne dakSiNa bhAratakI sAmAjika evaM dhArmika saMsthAoMpara kitanA prabhAva DAlA hai| sAhityika pramANa-- samasta tAmila-sAhityako hama tIna yugoMmeM vibhakta kara sakate haiM1 saMgha-kAla / 2 zaiva nayanAra aura vaiSNava alavAra kAla / 3 arvAcIna kAla / ina tIna yugoMmeM racita granthoMse tAmila-dezameM jainiyoMke jIvana aura kAryakA acchA patA lagatA hai ! saMgha-kAla-- tAmila lekhakoMke anusAra tIna saMgha hue haiM / prathama saMgha, madhyama saMghaaura antima saMgha / vartamAna aitihAsika anusandhAnase yaha jJAta ho gayA hai ki kina kina samayoMke antargata ye tInoM saMgha hue / antima saMghake 46 kaviyoM meM se 'vakkirArane saMghoMkA varNana kiyA hai| usake anusAra prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa tholakapiyara prathama aura dvitIya saMghoMkA sadasya thaa| aAntarika aura bhASAsambandhI pramANoMke AdhArapara anumAna kiyA
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________________ tAmila-pradezoMmeM jainadharmAvalambI jAtA hai ki ukta brAhmaNa vaiyAkaraNa IsAse 350 varSa pUrva vidyamAna ho gaa| vidvAnoMne dvitIya saMghakA kAla IsAkI dUsarI zatI nizcaya kiyA hai / antima saMghake samayako aAjakala itihAsajJa loga 5 vI, 6 ThIM zatI meM nizcaya karate haiM / isa prakAra saba matabhedoMpara dhyAna rakhate hue IsAkI 5 vIM zatIke pUrvase lekara IsAke anantara 5 vIM zatI takake kAlako hama saMgha-kAla kaha sakate haiN| aba hameM isa bAtapara vicAra karanA hai ki isa kAlake racita kauna grantha jainiyoMke jIvana aura kAryoMpara prakAza DAlate haiN| sabase prathama, 'tholakapiyara' saMgha-kAlakA Adi lekhaka aura vaiyAkaraNa hai| yadi usake samayameM jainI loga kucha bhI prasiddha hote to vaha avazya unakA ullekha karatA, parantu usake granthoMmeM jainiyoMkA koI varNana nahIM hai / zAyada usa samaya taka jainI usa dezameM sthAyI rUpase na base hoM ge athavA unakA pUrA jJAna use na ho gaa| usI kAlameM race gaye 'pathupATuM' aura "eTuthogAI" nAmaka kAvyoMmeM bhI unakA varNana nahIM hai, yadyapi upayukta granthoMmeM vizeSa kara grAmINa jIvanakA varNana hai / dUsarA prasiddha grantha mahAtmA 'tiruvalluvara' racita 'kurala' hai, jisakA racanA-kAla IsAkI prathama zatI nizcaya ho cukA hai / 'kurala' ke racayitAke dhArmika-vicAroMpara eka prasiddha siddhAntakA janma huA hai / katipaya vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki racayitA jaina dharmAvalambI thA / granthakartAne granthArambhameM kisI bhI vaidika devakI vandanA nahIM kI hai balki usameM 'kamala-gAmI' aura 'aSTaguNayukta' Adi zabdoMkA prayoga kiyA hai / ina donoM ullekhoMse yaha patA lagatA hai ki granthakartA jainadharmakA anuyAyI thA / jainiyoMke matase ukta grantha 'elacariyAra' nAmaka eka jainAcArya kI racanA hai' / aura tAmila kAvya 'nIlakezI' kA jainI bhASyakAra 'samayadivAkara muni' 'kurala'ko apanA pUjya-grantha kahatA hai| yadi yaha siddhAnta ThIka hai to isakA yahI pariNAma nikalatA hai ki yadi pahale nahIM to kamase kama IsAkI pahalI zatImeM jainI loga sudUra dakSiNameM pahuMce the aura vahAMkI dezabhASAmeM unhoMne apane dharmakA pracAra prArambha kara diyA thaa| isa prakAra IsAke anantara prathama do zatiyoMmeM tAmila pradezoMmeM eka naye matakA pracAra huaA, jo bAhyADambaroMse rahita aura naitika siddhAnta honeke kAraNa drAvir3iyoMke lie manomugdhakArI huA / Age calakara isa dharmane dakSiNa bhAratapara bahuta prabhAva DAlA / dezI bhASAoMkI unnati karate hue jainiyoMne dAkSiNAtyoMmeM Arya vicAroM aura Arya-vidyAkA apUrva pracAra kiyA, jisakA pariNAma yaha huA ki drAvir3I sAhityane uttara bhAratase prApta navIna sandezakI ghoSaNA kI / mi0 phrez2arane apane "bhAratake sAhityaka itihAsa' (A Literary History of India') nAmaka pustakameM likhA hai ki yaha jainiyoM ho ke prayatnoMkA phala thA ki dakSiNameM naye AdarzoM naye sAhitya aura naye bhaavoNk| saJcAra huA / " usa samayake drAvir3oMkI upAsanAke vidhAnoM para vicAra karanese yaha acchI taraha se samajhameM A jAyagA ki jainadharmane usa dezameM 1 lacariyAra, palAcArya athavA ilAcAryakA taddezIya rUpa pratIta hAtA hai| yaha nAma jana yugAcArya kumda dunda svAmIva.sapara nAma thA ! 28
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________________ vI-abhinandana-grantha jar3a kaise jamAyI / drAvir3oMne anokhI sabhyatAkI utpatti kI thii| svargIya zrI kanakasabAI pilleke an sAra, unake dharmameM balidAna, bhaviSyavANI aura AnandotpAdaka nRtya pradhAna kArya the| jaba brAhmaNoMke prathama dalane dakSiNa meM praveza kiyA aura madarA yA anya nagaroMmeM vAsa kiyA to unhoMne ina prAcAroMkA virodha kiyA aura apanI varNa-vyavasthA aura saMskAroMkA unameM pracAra karanA cAhA, parantu vahAMke nivAsiyoMne isakA ghora virodha kiyaa| usa samaya varNa-vyavasthA pUrNarUpase paripuSTa aura saMgaThita nahIM ho pAyI thii| parantu jainiyoMkI upAsanA, Adike vidhAna brAhmaNoMkI apekSA sIdhe sAde DhaMgake the aura unake katipaya siddhAnta sarvocca aura sarvotkRSTa the / isalie drAvir3oMne unheM pasanda kiyA aura unako apane madhyameM sthAna diyA, yahAM taka ki apane dhArmika jIvana meM unheM atyanta aAdara aura vizvAsakA sthAna pradAna kiyaa| kuralottara kAla-- ___ kuralake anantarake yugameM pradhAnataH jainiyoMkI saMrakSatAmeM tAmila sAhitya apane vikAsakI carama sImA taka pahuMcA / tAmila sAhityakI unnatikA vaha sarvazreSTha kAla thA / vaha jainiyoMkI bhI vidyA tathA pratibhA kA samaya thA, yadyapi rAjanaitika-sAmarthya kA samaya abhI nahIM AyA thaa| isI samaya ( dvitIya zatI) cira-smaraNIya 'zilappadikAram' nAmaka kAvyakI racanA huI / isakA kartA cera-rAjA seMguttuvanakA bhAI 'ilaMgoba digAla' thA / isa granthameM jaina-siddhAntoM, upadezoM aura jainasamAjake vidyAlayoM aura zrAcAroM zrAdikA vistRta varNana hai| isase yaha niHsandeha siddha hai ki usa samaya taka aneka drAviDoMne jainadharmako svIkAra kara liyA thaa| IsAkI tIsarI aura cauthI zatiyoMmeM tAmila-dezameM jaina dharmakI dazA jAnaneke lie hamAre pAsa kAphI sAmagrI nahIM hai| parantu isa bAtake yatheSTa pramANa prastuta haiM ki 5 vIM zatIke prArambhameM jainiyoMne apane dharmapracArake lie bar3A hI utsAhapUrNa kArya kiyaa| 'digambara darzana' (darzana sAra 1) nAmaka eka jaina grantha meM isa viSayakA eka upayogI pramANa milatA hai| ukta granthameM likhA hai ki samvat 526 vikramI ( 470 IsavIM ) meM pUjyapAdake eka ziSya vajranandI dvArA dakSiNa mathurAmeM eka drAvir3a-saMdhakI racanA huI aura yaha bhI likhA hai ki ukta saMgha digambara jainiyoMkA thA jo dakSiNameM apanA dharmapracAra karane Aye the| yaha nizcaya hai ki pANDya rAjAoMne unheM saba prakArase apnaayaa| lagabhaga isI samaya prasiddha 'naladiyAra' nAmaka granthakI racanA huI aura ThIka isI samayameM brAhmaNoM aura jainiyoMmeM pratispardhAkI mAtrA utpanna huii| isa prakAra isa 'saMghakAla' meM racita granthoMke AdhArapara nimnalikhita vivaraNa tAmila-deza sthita jainiyoMkA milatA hai| 218
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________________ tAmila-pradezoMmeM jainadharmAvalambI (1) tholakapiyarake samayameM jo IsAke 350 varSa pUrva vidyamAna thA, kadAcit jainI sudUra dakSiNa dezoMmeM na pahuMca pAye hoN| (2) jainiyoMne sudUra dakSiNa meM IsAke anantara prathama zatImeM praveza kiyA ho| (3) IsAkI dUsarI aura tIsarI zatiyoMmeM, jise tAmila-sAhityakA sarvottama-kAla kahate haiM, jainiyoMne bhI anupama unnati kI thii| (4) IsAkI pAMcavIM aura chaThIM zatiyoMmeM jainadharma itanA unnata aura prabhAvayukta ho cukA thA ki vaha pANDya rAjyakA rAjadharma ho gayA thaa| zaiva-nayanAra aura vaiSNava-alavAra kAla-- isa kAlameM vaidika dharmakI viziSTa unnati honeke kAraNa bauddha aura jainadharmoMkA Asana DagamagA gayA thaa| sambhava hai ki jainadharmake siddhAntoMkA drAvir3I vicAroMke sAtha mizraNa honese eka aisA vicitra duraMgA mata bana gayA ho jisapara catura brAhaNa zrAcAryoMne apanI vANa varSA kI ho gI / kaTTara ajaina rAjAoM ke zrAdezAnusAra; sambhava hai rAjakarmacAriyoMne dhArmika atyAcAra bhI kiye hoN| _ kisI matakA pracAra aura usakI unnati vizeSataH zAsakoMkI sahAyatApara nirbhara hai| jaba unakI sahAyatAkA dvAra banda ho jAtA hai to aneka puruSa usa matase apanA sambandha tor3a lete haiN| pallava aura pANDya-sAmrAjyoM meM jainadharmakI bhI ThIka yahI dazA huI thii| isa kAla (5 vIM zatIke uparAnta ) ke jainiyoMkA vRttAnta sekkillAra nAmaka lekhakake grantha 'periya purANam'meM milatA hai| ukta pustakameM zaivanayanAra aura andAranambIke jIvanakA varNana hai, jinhoMne zaiva gAna aura stotroMkI racanAkI hai / tirUjJAna-saMbhANDakI jIvanI par3hate hue eka upayogI aitihAsika bAta jJAta hotI hai ki usane jainadharmAvalambI kunpANDyako zaivamatAnuyAyI kiyaa| yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai / kyoMki isa ghaTanAke anantara pANDya nRpati jainadharmake anuyAyI nahIM rahe / isake atirikta jainI logoMke prati aisI niSThuratA aura nirdayatAkA vyavahAra kiyA gayA, jaisA dakSiNa bhAratake itihAsameM aura kabhI nahIM huA / saMbhANDake ghRNAjanaka bhajanoMse, jinake pratyeka dazaveM padyama jainadharmakI bhartsanA thI, yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vaimanasyakI mAtrA kitanI bar3hI huI thii| ataeva kunpANDyakA samaya aitihAsika dRSTise dhyAna rakhane yogya hai, kyoM ki usI samayase dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmakI avanati prArambha hotI hai| mi0 Telarake anusAra kunpANDyakA samaya 1320 IsavIke lagabhaga hai, parantu DA0 kAlDavela 1292 IsavI batAte haiN| parantu zilAlekhoMse isa praznakA nizcaya ho gayA hai / svargIya zrI veMkaTaiyAne yaha anusandhAna kiyA thA ki san 624 I0 meM pallavarAja narasiMhavarmA prathamane 'vAtApI' kA vinAza kiyaa| isake AdhAra para tirujJAna saMbhANDakA samaya 7vIM
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________________ varNI- zrabhinandana grantha zatIke madhya meM nizcita kiyA jA sakatA hai / kyoMki saMbhANDa eka dUsare zaivAcArya 'tirunatrukarasAra' athavA lokaprasiddha ayyArakA samakAlIna thA, parantu saMbhANDa 'ayyAra' se kucha choTA thA / aura ayyarane narasiMhavarmA ke putrako jainIse zaiva banAyA thaa| svayaM ayyAra pahale jainadharmakI zaraNa meM AyA thA aura usane apane jIvanakA pUrvabhAga siddha jaina vidyA ke kendra tiruppadiripuliyArake vihAroMmeM vyatIta kiyA thA / isa prakAra prasiddha brAhmaNa zrAcArya saMbhANDa aura ayyAra ke prayatnoMse, jinhoMne kucha samaya pazcAt apane svAmI tilakavathiko prasanna karaneke hetu zaiva-matakI dIkSA le lI thI, pANDya aura pallava rAjyoM meM jainadharma unnatiko bar3A dhakkA phuNcaa| isa dhArmika saMgrAma meM zaivoMko vaiSNava alavAroM se vizeSakara 'tikamalisaippiran' aura 'tirumaMgaI' alavArase bahuta sahAyatA milI, jinake bhajanoM aura gItoMmeM jainamata para ghora kaTAkSa haiM / isa prakAra tAmila - dezoM meM nammalavAra ke samaya meM ( 10 vIM zatI I0 ) jainadharmakA astitva saGkaTamaya rahA | arvAcIna kAla nammalavArake anantara hindU dharmake unnAyaka prasiddha zrAcAryoMkA samaya hai / sabase prathama zaMkarAcArya hue, jinakA uttarakI ora dhyAna gayA / isase yaha prakaTa hai ki dakSiNa-bhAratameM unake samaya taka jainadharmakI pUrNa avanati ho cukI thI / tathA jaba unheM kaSTa milA to ve prasiddha jainasthAnoM zravaNabelagola (maisUra) TiNDivanam (dakSiNa- arakATa ), Adi meM jA base / kuchane gaMga rAjAoM kI zaraNa lI jinhoMne unakA rakSaNa tathA pAlana kiyA / yadyapi aba jainiyoMkA rAjanaitika prabhAva nahIM rahA, aura. unheM saba orase pallava, pAMDya aura cola rAjyavAle taMga karate the, tathApi vidyA meM unakI prabhutA nyUna nahIM huI / 'cintAmaNi' nAmaka prasiddha mahAkAvya kI racanA tirulakatevara dvArA navIM zatImeM huI thI / prasiddha tAmila-vaiyAkaraNa pavinandi jainane apane 'nannU la' kI racanA 1225 I0 meM kii| ina granthoM ke adhyayana se patA lagatA hai ki jainI loga vizeSataH mailApura, nidumbaI (?) thipaMgudI ( tiruvalUra ke nikaTa eka grAma ) aura TiNDivanam meM nivAsa karate the / antima AcArya zrImAdhavAcArya ke jIvanakAla meM musalamAnoMne dakSiNa para vijaya prApta kI jisakA pariNAma yaha huA ki dakSiNameM sAhityika, mAnasika aura dhArmika unnatiko bar3A dhakkA pahuMcA aura mUrtividhvaMsakoM ke atyAcAroM meM anya matAvalambiyoM ke sAtha jainiyoMko bhI kaSTa milA / usa samaya jainiyoMkI dazAkA varNana karate hue zrIyuta vArtha sA0 likhate haiM ki 'musalamAna - sAmrAjya taka jainamatakA kucha kucha pracAra rahA / kintu musalima sAmrAjyakA prabhAva yaha par3A ki hindU-dharmakA pracAra ruka gayA, aura yadyapi usake kAraNa samasta rASTrakI dhArmika, rAjanaitika aura sAmAjika avasthA astavyasta ho gayI, tathApi sAdhAraNa alpa saMsthAnoM, samAjoM aura matoMkI rakSA huI / ' 220
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________________ tAmila-pradezoMmeM jainadharmAvalambI dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmako unnati aura avanatike isa sAdhAraNa varNanakA yaha udaMza sudUra dakSiNa-bhAratameM prasiddha jainadharmake itihAsakA varNana nahIM hai / aise itihAsa likhaneke lie yatheSTha sAmagrIkA abhAva hai / uttarakI bhAMti dakSiNa bhAratake bhI sAhityameM rAjanaitika itihAsakA bahuta kama ullekha hai| hameM jo kucha jJAna usa samayake jaina itihAsakA hai vaha adhikatara purAtattva-vettAoM aura yAtriyoMke lekhoMse prApta huzrA hai, jo prAyaH yUropiyana haiN| isake atirikta vaidika granthoMse bhI jaina itihAsakA kucha patA lagatA hai, parantu ve jainiyoMkA varNana sambhavataH pakSapAtake sAtha karate haiN| isa lekhakA yaha uddeza nahIM ki jainasamAjake zrAcAra vicAroM aura prathAaoMkA varNana kiyA jAya aura na eka lekhameM jaina-gRha-nirmANa-kalA, Adi kA hI varNana ho sakatA hai / parantu isa lekhameM isa praznapara vicAra karanekA prayatna kiyA gayA hai ki jainadharmake cira-samparkase hindU samAja para kyA prabhAva par3A hai| jainI loga bar3e vidvAn aura granthoM ke racayitA the| ve sAhitya aura kalAke premI the / jainiyoMkI tAmila-sevA tAmila deza vAsiyoMke lie amUlya hai| tAmila-bhASA saMskRtake zabdoMkA upayoga pahale pahala sabase adhika jainiyoM ne hI kiyaa| unhoMne saMskRta zabdoMko tAmila-bhASAmeM uccAraNa ko sugamatAkI dRSTise yatheSTa rUpameM badala ddaalaa| kannar3a sAhityakI unnatimeM jainiyoMkA uttama yoga hai| vAstavameM ve hI isake janmadAtA the / 'bArahavIM zatIke madhya taka usameM jainiyoM hI kI sampatti thI aura usake anantara bahuta samaya taka jainiyoM hI kI usameM pradhAnatA rho| sarva prAcIna aura bahutase prasiddha kannar3a grantha jainiyoM hI ke race haiM ( luisa raais)| zrImAn pAdarI epha. kiTela kahate haiM ki 'jainiyoMne kevala dhArmika bhAvanAoMse nahIM, kintu sAhitya-premake vicArase bhI kannar3a bhASAkI bahuta sevA kI hai aura ukta bhASAmeM aneka saMskRta granthoMkA anuvAda kiyA hai|" ahiMsAke ucca AdarzakA vaidika saMskAroM para prabhAva par3A hai jaina-upadezoMke kAraNa brAhmaNoMne jIva-bali-pradAnako bilakula banda kara diyA aura yajJoMmeM jIvita pazuoMke sthAnameM ATekI banI mUrtiyAM kAmameM lAyI jAne lgiiN| dakSiNa-bhAratameM mUrtipUjA aura deva-mandira-nirmANakI pracuratAkA bhI kAraNa jainadharmakA prabhAva hai / zaiva-mandiroMmeM mahAtmAaoMkI pUjAkA vidhAna jainiyoM hI kA anukaraNa hai / drAvir3oMkI naitika evaM mAnasika unnatikA mukhya kAraNa pAThazAlAoMkA sthApana thA, jinakA uddezya jaina vidyAlayoMke pracAraka maNDaloMko rokanA thaa| upasaMhAra madarAsa prAntameM jaina samAjakI vartamAna dazA para bhI eka do zabda kahanA ucita ho gaa| gata manuSya-gaNanAke anusAra saba milAkara 27000 jainI isa prAntameM the, jinameM se dakSiNa kanArA, uttara 221
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha aura dakSiNa karanATakake jiloMmeM 23000 / inameM se adhikatara idhara udhara phaile hue haiM aura garIba kisAna aura azikSita haiM / unheM apane pUrvajoM ke anupama itihAsakA tanika bhI bodha nahIM hai / unake uttara bhAratavAle bhAI jo Adima jainadharmake avaziSTa cinha haiM, unase apekSAkRta acchA jIvana vyatIta karate haiM / unameM se adhikAMza dhanavAn vyApArI aura mahAjana haiM / dakSiNa bhArata meM jainiyoMkI vinaSTa pratimAeM, parityakta guphAeM aura bhagnamandira isa bAta ke smAraka haiM ki prAcInakAla meM jaina samAjakA vahAM kitanA vizAla vistAra thA aura kisa prakAra brAhmaNoMkI dhArmika spardhAne unako mRtaprAya kara diyA / jaina samAja vistRti ke aMcala meM lupta ho gayA, usake siddhAntoM para gaharI coTa lagI, parantu dakSiNa jainadharma aura vaidika dharmake madhya jo karAla saMgrAma aura raktapAta huA vaha madurA meM mInAkSI mandira ke svarNakumuda sarovarake maNDapakI dIvAroM para aMkita hai tathA citroMke dekhane se aba bhI smaraNa ho AtA hai / ina citroMmeM jainiyoMke vikarAla - zatru tirujJAna saMbhANDa ke dvArA jainiyoMke prati atyAcAroM aura romAJcakArI yAtanAoM kA citraNa / isa raudra kANDakA yahIM anta nahIM hai / maDyUrA mandirake bAraha vArSika tyohAroMmeM se pAMca meM yaha hRdaya vidAraka dRzya prati varSa dikhalAyA jAtA hai / yaha socakara zoka hotA hai ki ekAnta aura janazUnya sthAnoMmeM katipaya jaina - mahAtmAoM aura jainadharmakI vediyoM para balidAna hue mahApuruSoM kI mUrtiyoM aura janazrutiyoMke atirikta, dakSiNa bhArata meM aba jainamatAvalambiyoM ke uccauddezoM, sarvAGga vyApI utsAha aura rAjanaitika prabhAva ke pramANa svarUpa koI anya cinha vidyamAna nahIM hai / 222
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________________ mathurAke prAcIna TIle zrI prA0 bhagavatazaraNa upAdhyAya, ema. e. isa lekhakA uddezya mathurAke prAcIna TIloMkI khudAiyoMse prAdurbhUta kalAnidhiyoM; vizeSa kara jaina bhagnAvazeSoMkA siMhAvalokana hai / yaha ucita hI hai ki mathurA-sI prAcIna nagarIkA saMbaMdha bhAratIya purAtattva aura kalAke aneka staroMse rahA ho| yadyapi atyanta prAcIna mahAbhArata kAlake zrAnuvRttika avazeSa vahAM nahIM milate parantu bhAratIya gauravakAlakI kalAke sAre viziSTa stara vahAM mila gaye hai / ina staroM meM vaidika, jaina, bauddha, sabhI dharmoM kI pratimAeMbar3I saMkhyAmeM upalabdha huI haiN| inameM jainakalAkA to mathurA mukhya kendra bana gayI thii| kaTarA-TIlekI khudAiyAM-- 1853 kI janavarImeM jenarala sara alekjeMDara kaniMghamako kaTarAmeM kucha staMbha-zikhara (Capital ) aura staMbha mile / inameMse eka to veSTanI staMbha para utkIrNa nArI mUrtikA avazeSa thA / usa nArI mUrtiko vRkSake nIce khar3I honeke kAraNa usa purAtattvavidne bhramavaza 'sAla vRkSake nIce khar3I mAyA' kahI / usI samaya usa vidvAnako guptakAlIna (prAyaH 490 I0 kA ) eka bhagna abhilekha bhI milA jisameM candragupta dvitIya taka kI gupta-vaMzAvali dI haI thii| 1862 I0 meM kaniMghamane khojakA kAma phira zurU kiyaa| usI kaTarA-TIlese unheM eka sundara aneka dRzyoMse utkIrNa toraNa dvAra milA / isa kAlakI sabase mahattvapUrNa abhiprApti eka khar3I buddha pratimA thI / isa para ke ( 549.50 I0 ) lekhase siddha hai ki isa mUrtiko 'bauddha parivrAjikA jayabhaTTA ne yazavihArako dAna kiyA thA' / isa mUrtise yaha bhI siddha hai ki isa sthAnapara kabhI 'yaza' nAmakA bauddha vihAra avasthita thA aura vaha kamase kama chaThI zatI Isvoke madhyataka jIvita rhaa| bAdame isake bhagna AdhAra para kezavadevakA viSNu-mandira khar3A huA jisakA havAlA videzI yAtrI Traivarniyara, barniyara aura manukcIne apane bhramaNa vRttAntoMmeM diyA hai / auraGgajebane isa mandirako girAkara isake bhagnAvazeSapara masjida banavAyI / usa prAcIna mandirakI adhorekhA (Asana) Aja bhI dekhI jAsakatI hai| bauddha mUrti aba lakhanaUke saMgrahAlayameM surakSita hai| isa sthalako 'kaTarA-kezavadeva' kahate haiN| 223
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jamAlapura TIlA 1860 I0 meM agara roDa para jamAlapurake pAsa jamAlapura-TIlemeM hAtha lagAyA gayA / kaniMghamane ise 'jelavAlA TIlA' kahA hai| hama ise 'jamAlapura TIlA' hI kaheMge / isa TIlese aneka mUrtiyAM staMbha, vedikA-bhagnAvazeSa, choTe prattara-tUpa, chatra, Adi upalabdha hue| kaniMghamane yahAMse milI do vizAla buddhakI khar3I mUrtiyAM, do baiThI Adamakada bauddha pratimAoM aura eka phuTa bhara caur3I hathelokA jikra kiyA hai / sara alegjaiDarakI rAyameM yahAMse prApta mUrtiyoM meM sabase mahattvapUrNa 'venAsa' kI thI jo aba lakhanaU saMgrahAlayameM pradarzita hai| usI sthAnase aneka siMha pratimAeM aura bosiyoM bhagna staMbha tathA vedikA-stambha prApta hue / inake atirikta prAyaH vIsa staMbha-aAdhAra mile jinameMse pandrahapara abhilekha khude the / ye adhikatara kuSANa rAjA kaniSka aura huviSkake zAsanakAlake the| isI sthAnameM buddhakI vaha adbhuta abhayamudrAmeM khar3I pratimA milI jise dekhaneke lie dUra dUrase yAtrI Ate haiM / pAMcavIM zatI IsvI kI yaha mUrti yazadinna' kA akSaya dAna hai / kaMkAlI TIlA-- kacaharIkI jamInase bhI prAyaH tIsa staMbha-AdhAra, upalabdha hue hai / jinameM se pandrahapara abhilekha khude the / zrImitra aura DAusanane ina abhilekhoMkA sampAdana kiyA thA / 1881-82 I0 meM kaniMghamane mathurA saMgrahAlayameM tIsa hindU-zaka staMbha dekhe / 1871 meM kaniMghamane 'kaMkAlI' aura 'caubArA' TIloMmeM hAtha lgaayaa| kaMkAlITIlA mathurAke sAre anya TIloMse adhika urvara pramANita hushraa| yaha kaTarAse prAyaH zrAdha mIla dUra dakSiNakI aora hai| usase prasUta mUrti rAzi kA patA usa samayase kucha sAla pUrva hI laga gayA thA jaba use kucha AdamiyoMne IMTa nikAlaneke lie khodA thaa| phira halkI khudAIke jarie hArDiJja sAhabane do vizAla buddha mUrtiyAM prAna kI thiiN| isI kaMkAlo TIleke pazcimI bhAgako khodate hue kanidhama sAhabako tIrthakaroMkI abhilikhita bhagna mUrtiyAM, vedikA-staMbha aura veSThanI Adike bhagna avazeSa mile / TIle meM khar3I iMTakI dIvAroMse siddha hai ki yahAM hindU-zakakAlameM jaina vihAra khar3e hoM ge | yahAMse upalabdha jina bAraha abhilekhoMkA kaniMghamane havAlA diyA hai ve kaniSkake zAsanakAlake pAMcaveM varSase lekara vAsudevake rAjya-kAlameM 98 veM varSa takake haiM / kaMkAlI TIle kA yaha jaina bhavana usa prAcIna kAla se muslima kAlataka nirantara jaina upAsakoMkI dhArmika abhitRpti karatA rahA thA / jaisA ki yahAMse milI vikramIya bArahavI zatIkI aneka abhilikhita jainamUrtiyoMse pramANita hai| kaMkAlo TIle aura kaTare ke bIca bhUtezvarakA ziva maMdira hai| usake pIcheke TIlepara eka UMcA vedikA-staMbha khar3A thaa| use grAuz2a sAhabane mathurA saMgrahAlayako pradAna kiyaa| isapara Adamakada 224
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________________ mathurAke prAcIna TIle chatradhAriNIkI mUrti utkIrNa hai| isake sirekA dRzya kisI jAtakakA hai| isa para 100 kI saMkhyA prAcIna lipimeM utkIrNa hai / saMbhavataH isa vedikAmeM isa prakArake 100 stUpa bane hue the / bhUtezvarake dakSiNa kSetrase bhI aneka bhagnAvazeSa prApta hue haiM / yahAM eka caupAlameM jar3e pAMca sundara staMbha mile jinameM se pratyeka para sAmane vAmana-puruSako apanA AdhAra banAye khar3I nArI mUrti utkIrNa hai / inake pIche jAtaka kathAeM utkIrNa haiM / . san 1871 meM kaniMghamane caubArA nAmakA TIlA khodA / caubArA kaTarAse mola bhara dakSiNapazcima prAyaH eka darjana ToloMkA samUha hai / san 1868 meM hI sar3aka nikAlate samaya inameM se eka meM eka suvarNakI vastu milI / dUsarese eka peTikA milI jo aba kalakatteke saMgrahAlayameM hai| inameM se ekase eka adbhuta pArasIka staMbha-zIrSa bhI upalabdha huyA thaa| inameM mAnava mukhavAle cAra pazu ulTe bane haiN| yaha staMbha-zIrSa bhI kalakatteke saMgrahAlayameM hI hai| caubArAke hI eka TIlese grAujako eka vizAla buddha mastaka milA, jisake lalATake bIca 'UrNA' kA chidra banA huA hai| yahAMse bhI aneka vedikA-staMbha, bhagna pratimAeM, grAdi milii| Upara batAye sthAnoMke atirikta grAuja sAhabane aneka anya TIloM kA havAlA diyA hai jinase prabhUta kalA-ratna prasUta hue haiM / pAlIkher3A gAMvake bAhara vaha prasiddha zilApaTTa milA jise 'baikeneliyana grUpa' kahate haiM aura jisa para ubharA huA dRzya 'pAtAtizaya' kA hai / isa dRzya para grIka zailIkI spaSTa chApa hai / isI TIle meM tIna staMbhoMke ghaMTAkAra AdhAra eka dUsare se teraha phITakI dUrI para mile the jisase jAna par3atA hai ki isa sthala para kabhI koI mandira khar3A thA / nAga kI prasiddha mUrti saidAbAda tahasIla ke kUkaragAMvameM milI thii| ___jamunAke taTapara sItalAghATIke Upara purAne kile meM kaniMdhama ko 'eka TUTI, nagna, jaina mUrti milI thI jisake 'hindU-zaka' abhilekhameM aMka aura zabdoMmeM 57 kA varSa tithi rUpameM utkIrNa hai|' arjunapurake uttara rAnIkImaMDImeM jinamUrtikA eka abhilikhita AdhAra milA hai jisameM 62 veM varSa, grISmake tRtIya mAsa aura pAMcaveM dinakA ullekha hai / kaMkAlI TIlA-- san 1888-9, meM DA0 phuharara ne kaMkAlITIleko aura san 1866 meM kaTarA-TIleko khodA thA / kaMkAlo TIlemeM do jaina mandiroMke bhagnAvazeSa mile aura eka IToMkA banA stUpa milA jisakA vyAsa 47 phITa thA / ina khudAiyoM meM prabhUta mUrti rAzi milii| kevala san 1890-91 kI khudAiyoM meM 737 mUrtiyAM upalabdha huI / inameM aneka dvAroMke bAjU , dehalI, staMbhAdi bhI the 1889-91 kI khudAiyoM meM vizeSa abhiprApti jaina mUrtiyoM aura abhilekhoM kI huI / kaMkAlITIlA jaina bhagnAvazaSoMkI samAdhi siddha huaa| 29 225
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha mathurAkI khudAiyAM 1866 meM samApta huI jinakA AraMbha san 1853 meM huA thA / prAyaH ina 44 varSoM meM jo purAtattva saMbaMdhI vastueM prApta huI unase itihAsa, bhASA, lipi, aAdi para bahuta prakAza par3A hai| inakA lipi vistAra to maurya kAla se lekara gupta-kAla taka rahA hai| ina sthaloMse upalabdha abhilekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki kisa prakAra prAkRta dhIre dhIre saMskRta ke zikaMje meM jakaDakara TUTa gayI aura saMskRta hI adhikatara isa kAlake pazcAt abhilekhoM kI bhASA bana baiThI / ina abhilekhoM se kuSANa rAjAoM kI zAsana avadhiyAM bhI prAyaH sthira ho gayI haiM / parantu jo ina khudAiyoMkA sabase bar3A prabhAva par3A hai| vaha hai bhAratIya takSaNa-kalAke itihAsa para / bhAratIya kuSANa-kalA mathurAke hI aAdhAra se uThI aura phailI thI / gAndhAra-grIka zailIkA bhAratIya-karaNa bhI adhikatara yahIM huA thaa| jaina mUrtikalA Upara likhI khudAiyoM meM jo jaina mUrtiyAM aura anya bhagnAvazeSa mile haiM ve adhikatara aura mUlataH kaMkAlITIle se hI upalabdha hue haiN| pramANataH prAcIna mathurAmeM jaina sampradAyakA vihAra isI kaMkAlITIlekI bhUmipara avasthita thaa| vahAM ke abhilekhoM se siddha hai ki yaha jaina-zrAvAsa muslima vijayoM ke samaya taka jIvita thA jaba mathurAke anya prAcIna pITha kabhIke khaNDahara bana cuke the| isa TIle se DA0 phuhararane jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI aneka mUrtiyAM khoda nikAlI thiiN| ye mUrtiyAM vividha kAla aura vibhinna parimANakI haiM aura aba lakhanaU saMgrAhAlayameM pradarzita haiM / mathurAke saMgrAhAlayameM bhI lagabhaga 80-60 kI saMkhyAmeM isa prakArakI kucha nagna mUrtiyAM surakSita haiM / idhara hAla kI khudAiyoMmeM bhI kucha jaina mUrtiyAM milI haiM parantu ve adhikatara bhagna haiM / tIrthaMkara mUrtikI kalpanA yathArthataH pUrNatayA bhAratIya hai / inake Upara kisI prakArakA grIkaprabhAva nahIM hai aura jaina 'aAyAgapaTToM' para khudI prAkRtiyAM to nissandeha, jaisA unake abhilekhoMse siddha hai, prAkkuSANakAlIna haiM / tIrthaMkara-mUrti buddha aura bodhisattvakI mUrtiyoM se apanI nagnatAke kAraNa saralatAse pahacAnI jA sakatI haiM / jaina mUrtikI yaha sabase spaSTa aura sazakta pahacAna hai yadyapi yaha bAta digambara samdradAyakI hI mUrtiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM yathArthataH kahI jA sakatI hai, zvetAMbaroMkI mUrtiyAM vastrAbhUSaNa, mukuTAdi se suzobhita rahatI haiM / mathurA aura lakhanaU saMgrahAlayoM kI sArI jaina mUrtiyAM ( tIrthaMkara ) digambara saMpradAyakI hI haiN| buddha-mUrtiyoM kI bhAMti inake hAtha aura pairoMke talavoM para to mahApuruSa-lakSaNa utkIrNa hote hI haiM, unake vakSake madhyameM bhI ye lakSaNa hote haiM / buddha mUrtiyoMke kezakI bhAMti inake keza bhI adhikatara ghugharAle aura Upara dAhinI zrorako ghume hote haiM / parantu prAcInatara mUrtiyoMmeM keza kandhoM para khule gire hote haiM / prAcIna jaina tIrthaMkara mUrtiyoMke na to 'uSNISa' hotA hai na 'UrNA' parantu madhyakAlIna pratimAoMke mastaka para eka prakAra kA halkA zikhara milatA hai / 226
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________________ mathurAke prAcIna TIle padmAsana-- baiThI jina mUrtiyAM prAyaH sadA dhyAna mudrAmeM utkIrNa hotI haiM / jinake hAtha godameM par3e hote haiM / isameM sandeha nahIM ki ye pratimAeM 'phiniza' aura kalAtmakatAmeM bauddha mUrtiyoMkI barAbarI nahIM kara sakatIM / unakI anavarata eka-rUpatA aura rUr3hi-lAkSaNikatA darzakako nirAza kara detI hai yadyapi ina mUrtiyoMmeM bhI kabhI kabhI apavAda mila jAte haiN| prAcIna tIrthaMkara mUrtiyoMmeM se eka mathurAmeM surakSita naM0 bI0 4 hai| isa para kuSANa rAja vAsudevake zAsanakAlakA eka abhilekha khudA hai / isake AdhAra para sAmane do siMhoMke bIca dharmacakra banA hai jisake donoM ora upAsakoMke dala haiN| kuSANa kAlIna tIrthakara mUrtiyoM para isa prakArakA pradarzana eka sAdhAraNa dRzya hai / usa kAlakI buddha-mUrtiyoMkI bhI yahI vizeSatA hai, aMtara kevala itanA hai ki unameM dharmacakrake sthAna para kisI bodhisattvakI pratimA khudI hotI hai / upAsakoMkA jo pradarzana hotA hai vaha vAstavameM una mUrtiyoMke dAtAoMkA hai / eka bRhadAkAra baiThI jina mUrti bI0 1 hai jo saMbhavataH guptakAlIna hai yadyapi isakI zailI prAyaH kuSANakAlIna hI hai / khaDgAsana khar3I jina mUrtiyAM baiThI mUrtiyoMse adhika sAdI haiM / kalAkA dama inameM to aura bhI ghuTa gayA hai / bAhuaoMkA pAryoM meM giranA bhAvoMkI kaThoratA aura prAkRtikI nIrasatAko aura bar3hA detA hai| yadyapi isameM sandeha nahIM ki jainamUrtiyAM tapakI kaThoratAkA pratIka haiM aura inakI zuSkatA sarvathA acetana nahIM hai| tIrthaMkaroMkI eka viziSTa prakArakI mUrti pratimA sarvato bhadrikA' nAmase vikhyAta hai| yaha mUrti catumukhI hotI hai, vargAkAra isakA rUpa hotA hai| isameM cAroM ora tIrthaMkara khar3I athavA baiThI mudrAmeM bane hote haiM / isake AdhArake cAroM kinAroM para upAsakoM kI prAkRtiyAM utkIrNa hotI haiM / isameM se ekakA mastaka nAgake phaNoMkI chAyAmeM pradarzita hotA hai / yaha zrAkRti sAtaveM tIrthaMkara supArzva nAtha athavA teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI hai / isa prakArakI aneka 'sarvato bhadrikA' pratimAeM mathurA aura lakhanaUke saMgrahAlayoMmeM saMgrahIta haiM / kuSANa aura guptakAlIna mUrtiyoM meM vibhinna tIrthaMkaroMkI vizeSatAeM sAdhAraNatayA nahIM dI hotI haiM / nAgaphaNoM vAlA lakSaNamAtra jahAM tahAM mila jAtA hai, hAM nIceke abhilekhoMmeM prAyaH mUrtike tIrthaMkara kA nAma khudA hotA hai| cinha tathA AyAgapaTa* madhyakAlIna jina-mUrtiyoMke AdhAra para adhikatara eka viziSTa 'cinha' (lAJchana ) banA hotA hai jisase unake tIrthaMkaroMkI saMjJA spaSTa ho jAtI hai| prathama tIrthaMkara zrAdinAtha athavA RSabhanAtha 227
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha kA lAJchala vRSabha hai / jainamUrtiyAM adhikatara (madhyakAlIna ) akelI nahIM hotii| inameM viziSTa mUrtike samIpa aneka anucarAMkI zrAkRtiyAM utkIrNa hotI haiM jinameM camaradhAraka kinAroM para khar3e hote haiM, upAsaka jhuke hote haiM / inake atirikta gajArohI, sajavAhI, Adi aneka pArSada bhI sajaga khiMce hote haiM / svayaM tIrthaMkara chatrake nIce baiThe hote haiM / jaina kalAmeM bhI bauddha kalAkI hI bhAMti yakSoMkI paramparAkA samAveza huaA hai / jaina mUrtiyoMkI pUjAke atirikta isa saMpradAyameM eka aura vastukI bhI pUjA huaA karatI thI / yaha eka prakArakA prastara phalaka hotA thA jise 'aAyAgapaTa' kahate the aura jisakI bhUmi stUpa, toraNa aura anya prAkRtiyoMse bharI hotI thii| isake aneka namUne mathurA aura lakhanaUke saMgrahAlayoM meM surakSita haiM / DID00 228
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________________ mathurA se prApta do navIna jaina abhilekha zrI kyUreTara kRSNadatta vAjapeyI, ema0 e0 IsApUrva sAtavIM zatI se lekara lagabhaga bArahavIM zatI taka mathurA nagarI jainadharma aura kalAkA pradhAna kendra thI / kaMkAlI TIle tathA anya sthAnoMse prApta saikar3oM tIrthaMkara - mUrtiyAM mAMgalika cihnoMse (aSTamaMgala dravya) yukta zrAyAgapaTTa, devoMkinnaroM Adi se vaMdita stUpa, azoka, caMpaka nAgakezara vRkSoMke nIce AkarSaka mudrA meM khar3I huI zAlabhaMjikAtroM se suzobhita vedikA-staMbha tathA aneka prakArake kalApUrNa zilApaTTa ziradala, Adi yaha udghoSita karate haiM ki mathurAke zilpI apane kArya meM kitane paTu the ! sAtha hI jainadharma ke prati tatkAlIna janatAkI abhirucikA bhI patA calatA hai / mathurAke purAtattva saMgrahAlaya meM maiMne dharma aura kalA ke adhyayanakI apAra sAmagrI dekhI hai / AzA hai ki kaMkAlI TIle se khudAyImeM prAptavaha sAmagrI jo 1888- 91 meM I0 meM lakhanaU saMgrAhalaya meM bheja dI gayI thI phira mathurA vApasa zrA jAya gI, jisase eka sthAna para hI sArI sAmagrIkA adhyayana karanemeM sugamatA ho sake gI / - aneka prAcIna sthAnoM se aba bhI prati varSa saikar3oM mUrtiyAM, Adi zilAlekha bhI mile haiM, jinameM se do kA saMkSipta ullekha yahAM mathurA zahara tathA jile ke prApta hotI rahatI haiM / hAlameM kaI jaina kiyA jAtA hai pArzvanAtha- pratimAkI caukIpara kA lekha yaha lekha saM 0 2874 dhyAna mudrAmeM baiThe hue bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI vizAla pratimA ( UMcAI 3 phI0 10 iM0 ) kI caukI para khudA huA hai, jo isa prakAra hai "saMvat 1071 zrImUlasaMghaH zrAvaka vaNik jasarAka bhAryA somA... lekhakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki saMvat 1071 meM zrImUla saMghake zrAvaka jasarAka nAmaka vaNika kI bhAryA somAne bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI pratimA pratiSThApita kii| yaha saMvat vikrama saMvata hai| mathurA se prApta anya samakAlIna mUrtiyoM para bhI isI saMvatkA vyavahAra huA hai / ataH prastuta mUrtikA 1014 I0 AtA hai / nirmANa kAla 229 33
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vardhamAna pratimAkA lekha-- yaha lekha saM0 3208 mUrtikI caukI para do paMktiyoM meM khudA huA hai aura isa prakAra hai(paM0 1) "saM 82 he mAse 1 divase 10 eta......." (paM0 2 ) "[ bhagi ] niye jayadevIye bhagavato vardhamA [ na ]....." donoM paMktiyoMke antima aMza pattharake TUTa jAnese naSTa ho gaye haiM / lekha kuSANa-kAlIna brAhmI lipimeM haiM tathA isakI bhASA pAlI hai, jo mathurAse prApta adhikAMza jaina abhilekhoM meM milatI hai| lekhakA tAtparya hai ki saM0 82 kI hemaMta Rtuke prathama mAsake dasaveM dina kisI zrAvakakI bhaginI jayadevIne bhagavAn vardhamAnakI pratimA sthApita kI / saM0 82 nizcaya hI zaka saMvat hai / isake anusAra mUrti sthApanA kA kAla 160 I0 zrAtA hai, jaba ki mathurAmeM kuSANavaMzI vAsudevakA zAsana thaa| niSkarSa ___ upayukta donoM lekha saMvat-sahita honeke kAraNa mahattvake haiM / pahale lekhakA saMvat 1071 hai / kaMkAlI TIlese 1889 I0 kI khudAImeM DA0 phyUhararako do vizAlakAya tIrthaMkara pratimAeM miloM thiiN| donoM zvetAmbara sampradAyake dvArA pratiSThApita kI gayI thIM, jaisA ki unake lekhoMse patA calatA hai / inameM se eka para vikrama saMvat 1038 ( = 981 I0) tathA dUsarI para saM0 1134 (= 1077 I0) khudA hai / pArzvanAthakI mUrti, jisakA varNana Upara kiyA gayA hai ina donoM mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa kAloMke bIca meM banI thI / itihAsase patA calatA hai ki mahamUda gajanIne 1018 I0 meM mathurAkA prathama vidhvaMsa kiyA / UparakI tInoM mUrtiyoMmeM se do kA nirmANa isa vidhvaMsakArI kAlake pahale hI ho cukA thA aura tIsarI (saM0 1134 vAlI ) kA bAdameM / paraMtu pahalI donoM acchI dazAmeM prApta huI haiM aura kahIMse nahIM TUTI haiM, jaba ki saM0 1134 vAlI mUrtike donoM bAhu burI tarahase tor3a DAle gaye haiN| ho sakatA hai ki pahale vAlI donoM mUrtiyAM kisI taraha surakSita kara lI gayI hoM aora isI lie ve abhagnAvasthAmeM prApta ho sakI haiN| striyoMkA dharma prema Upara jina donoM lekhoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai unake saMbaMdhameM dUsarI mahatvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki donoMmeM mahilAoMke dvArA dAnakA kathana hai| pahalI mUrti (naM0 2854 ) eka vaNikakI bhAryA somAke dvArA nirmita karAyI gayI tathA dUsarI (naM0 3208 ) jayadevIke dvArA / yaha bAta dhyAna denekI hai ki mathurAse prApta saikar3oM jaina abhilekhoMse patA calatA hai ki dharmake prati striyoMkI AsthA puruSoMse kahIM adhika thI aura dharmArtha dAna denemeM ve sadA puruSoMse agraNI rahatI thIM / udAharaNArtha, 'mAthurAka lavadAsa'kI bhAryA tathA phalguyaza nartakakI strI zivayazAne eka eka suMdara aAyAgapaTTa banavAyA, jo 230
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________________ mathurAse prApta do navIna jaina abhilekha isa samaya lakhanaU saMgrahAlayameM haiN| isI prakArakA eka atyanta manohara aAyAgapaTTa ( mathurA myU0 naM0 kyU. 2 ) vasu nAmakI vezyAne, jo lavaNazobhikAkI lar3akI thI, dAnameM diyA / veNI nAmaka zreSThIkI dharmapatnI kumAramitrAne eka sarvatobhadrikA pratimAkI sthApanA karavAyI aura sucilakI strIne zAMtinAtha bhagavAn kI pratimA dAnameM dii| maNikAra jayabhaTTikI duhitA tathA lohavaNija phalgudevakI dharmapatnI mitrAne vAcaka AryasiMhakI preraNAse eka vizAla jina pratimAkA dAna diyA / AcArya baladattakI ziSyA 'tapasvinI' kumAramitrAne eka tIrthaMkara mUrtikI sthApanA krvaayii| grAmika jayanAgakI kuTumbinI tathA grAmika jayadevakI putravadhUne saM0 40 ( = 118 I0 ) meM eka zilAstaMbhakA dAna diyA / guhadattakI putrI tathA dhanahastakI patnIne dharmArtha nAmaka eka zramaNake upadezase eka zilApaTTakA dAna kiyA, jisapara stpa-pUjAkA dRzya aMkita hai / zrAvikA dattAne saM0 20 ( = 68 I0 ) meM vardhamAna pratimAko pratiSThApita kiyA / rAjyavasukI strI tathA devilakI mAtA vijayazrIne eka mAsakA upavAsa karaneke bAda saM0 50 ( = 128 I0 ) meM bhagavAn vardhamAna kI pratimAkI sthApanA karAyI thI / isa prakArake aneka udAharaNa milate haiM jinase isa bAtakA spaSTa patA calatA hai ki prAcIna mathurAmeM jainadharmakI unnatimeM mahilAoMkA bahuta bar3A bhAga thA / 231
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________________ purAtattvakI zodha jainoMkA kartavya zrI DA0 vensenTa e0 smitha, em0 e0 purAtattva sambandhI khojakI AvazyakatA __ jo vidyArthI bhAratavarSa saMbaMdhI kisI viSayakA adhyayana karate haiM ve saba isa bAtako nyUnAdhika rUpameM bhalI bhAMti jAnate haiM ki purAtattvakI khoja dvArA pichale 70-80 varSa meM jJAnakI kitanI vRddhi huI hai| purAtattvasaMbaMdhI khojake anusAra maukhika aura likhita kathAaoMke pramANakI maryAdA nizcita kI gayI hai aura inhIM anveSaNoMkI sahAyatAse maiM prAcIna bhAratakA kathAmaya itihAsa likhanemeM samartha huaA hUM / bar3I mehanatake sAtha lagAtAra jamIna khodanese jo sikke, zilAlela, bhavana, dharma-pustakeM, citra aura bahuta tarahakI sphuTa avaziSTa cIjeM milI haiM unakI sahAyatAse hamane prAcIna graMthoM meM likhe hue bhAratIya itihAsake DhAMcekI pUrti kI hai, apane jJAnako jo pahale aspaSTa thA zuddha banAyA hai aura kAlakramakI majabUta paddhatikI nIMva DAlI hai| jainoMke adhikAra meM bar3e bar3e pustakAlaya (bhaMDAra ) haiM jinakI rakSA karanemeM ve bar3A parizrama karate haiM / ina pustakAlayoMmeM bahumUlya sAhitya bharA par3A hai jinakI khoja abhI bahuta kama huI hai / jaina graMtha qhAsa taura para aitihAsika aura ardha-aitihAsika samAgrIse paripUrNa haiM / parantu sAhitya saMbaMdhI kathAeM bahudhA truTipUrNa haiM / isalie satyake nirNayake lie purAtattva saMbaMdhI khojakI jarUrata hai| dhanADhya jainoMkA kartavya dUsare samAjoMko dekhate hue jainasamAjameM dhanADhya manuSyoMkI saMkhyA bahuta bar3I car3hI hai aura ye loga kisI tarahake sArvajanika kAmameM, jo unake cittakA AkarSaNa karatA ho, subhIte ke sAtha rupayA kharca kara sakate haiM / merA bhASA saMbaMdhI jJAna itanA kAphI nahIM hai ki maiM sAhitya granthoMkI parIkSA kara sakaM athavA unakA sampAdana kara sakaM / ataeva maiM eka aura viSayake saMbaMdhameM, jisakA maiM jAnakAra hUM, kucha kahane kA sAhasa karatA hUM aura maiM kucha aisI sammatiyAM detA hUM, jinake anusAra calanese bahutasI bahumUlya bAteM hAtha laga sakeM gI / merI icchA hai ki jainasamAjake loga aura vizeSa kara dhanADhya loga jo rupayA kharca kara sakate haiM purAtattvasaMbaMdhI khojakI ora dhyAna deM aura isa kAmameM apane dharma aura samAjake itihAsakI aora vizeSa lakSya rakhate hue dhana kharca kreN| 232
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________________ purAtattvakI zodha jainoM kA kartavya khojake lie paryApta kSetra khojake lie bahuta bar3A kSetra par3A hai / Ajakala jainamatAvalambI adhikatara rAjapUtAnA aura pazcimI bhAratavarSa meM rahate haiM / parantu hamezA yaha bAta nahIM rahI hai / prAcIna kAlameM mahAvIra svAmIkA dharma zrAjakalI pekSA bahuta dUra dUra taka phailA huA thA / eka udAharaNa lIjiye - jainadharmake anuyAyI paTanA ke uttara vaizAlI meM aura pUrva baMgAlameM zrAjakala bahuta kama haiM; parantu IsAkI sAtavIM zatImeM ina sthAnoM meM unakI saMkhyA bahuta jyAdA thii| maiMne isa bAtake bahutase pramANa apanI AkhoMse dekhe haiM ki buMdelakhaMDa meM madhyakAla meM aura vizeSa kara gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatiyoMmeM jainadharmakI vijaya patAkA khUba phaharA rahI thii| isa dezameM aise sthAnoM para jainamUrtiyoM kA bAhulya hai, jahAM para aba eka bhI bainI nahIM dikhatA / dakSiNa aura tAmila dezoM meM aise aneka pradeza hai jinameM jainadharma zatiyoM taka eka prabhAvazAlI rASTradharma raha cukA hai kintu vahAM aba usakA koI nAma taka nahIM jAnatA / / candragupta maurya ke viSaya meM pracalita kathA J jo bAteM maiM sarasarI taura para likha cukA hUM unameM khojake lie behada guMjAiza hai| maiM vizeSakara eka mahatvapUrNa bAtakI khoja ke lie anurodha karatA huuN| vaha yaha hai ki mahArAja candragupta maurya 'zrIbhadrabAhu ke sAtha avaNabelagolA gaye aura phira unhoMne jaina siddhAnta anusAra upavAsa karake dhIre dhIre prANa taja diye, yaha kahAM taka ThIka hai ' nissaMdeha kucha pAThaka yaha jAnate hoMge ki isa viSaya para misTara lUisa rAisa aura DAkTara phlITameM khUba hI vAdavivAda ho cukA hai| aba samaya A gayA hai ki koI jaina vidvAn kadama bar3hAve aura isa para apanI dRSTise vAdavivAda kre| parantu isa kAma ke lie eka vAstavika vidvAnakI AvazyakatA hai, jo jJAnapUrvaka vivAda kare UTapaTAMga bAtose kAma nahIM calegA / 1 lekhaka ne apane bhAratIya itihAsa ke tIsare saMskaraNameM candragupta maurya ke sambandha meM jo kucha likhA haiM, use yahAM de denA anupayukta na hogaa| unhone likhA hai 'maiMne apanI pustaka ke dvitIya saMskaraNa meM isa kathAko radda kara diyA thaa| aura bilkula kalpita khyAla kiyA thaa| parantu isa kathA kI satyatA ke viruddha jo jo zaMkA hai una para pUrNa rUpase punaH vicAra karane se aba mujhe vizvAsa hotA hai ki yaha kathA saMbhavatayA saccI hai| aura candragupta ne vAstava meM rAjapATa chor3a diyA hogA / aura vaha jena sAdhu ho gayA ho gA / niHsandeha isa prakAra kI kathAeM bahuta kucha samAlocanA ke yogya haiM aura likhita sAkSIse ThIka ThIka patA lagatA nahIM, tathApi merA vartamAna meM vaha vizvAsa hai ki yaha kathA satya para nirdhArita hai aura isameM sacAvI hai| rAIsa sAhaba ne isa kathA kI satyatAkA aneka rathI para bar3e jora se samarthana kiyA hai pR. 145) yadyapi jena vidvAnoMne isa dizA meM kucha nahIM bidA hai. tathApi 'svAntaH sukhAya' aitihAsika zodha rata vidvAnoM kI sAdhanA ne bhAratake Adi samrATa candraptamIke jaina varNana kI satyatA pramANita kara dI hai| jisako jaina sAhityakI sahAyatA se sarvAGga sundara banAyA jA sakatA hai 30 233
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha aAjakalakI vidvanmaMDalI hara bAtake pramANa mAMgatI hai aura yaha cAhatI hai ki jo bAta kahI jAya vaha ThIka ho aura usake viSayameM jo vivAda kiyA jAya vaha spaSTa aura nyAyayukta ho / dakSiNakA dhArmika yuddha jina bar3e bar3e pradezoMmeM jainadharma kisI samaya phailA huA thA balki bar3e jora para thA vahAM usakA vidhvaMsa kina kina kAraNoM se huzrA, unakA patA lagAnA hamAre lie sarvathA upayukta hai / aura yaha khoja jainavidvAnoM ke lie bar3I manoraMjaka bhI ho gI / isa viSayase milatA julatA eka viSaya aura hai jisakA thor3A adhyayana kiyA gayA hai / vaha dakSiNakA dhArmika yuddha hai aura khAsakara vaha yuddha hai jo colavaMzIya rAjAoMko mAnya zaivadharma aura unake pahale ke rAjAoMke zrArAdhya jainadharmameM huaA thaa| adhyayanake lie kucha pustakeM-- ina bAtoMkI acchI taraha khoja karaneke lie hamako pahale jainasmArakoM, mUrtiyoM aura zilAlekhoM kA kucha jJAna prApta kara lenA cAhiye / bahutase aise smAraka (mandira, mahala, zrAdi) aba bhI jamInake nIce dabe par3e haiM aura AvazyakatA hai ki koI kuzala zodhaka unako khodakara nikAle / jo vyakti jainoMke mahattvapUrNa bhagnAvazeSoMkI jAMca karanA cAhe usako prAcIna cInI yAtriyoM aura vizeSakara huenasAMga kI pustakoMkA adhyayana karanA cAhiye / huenasAMgako yAtriyoMkA rAjA kahanemeM atyukti na ho gI / usane IsAkI sAtavIM zatI meM yAtrA kI thI aura bahutase jaina smArakoMkA hAla likhA, jinako loga aba bilakula bhUla gaye haiN| huenasAMgakI yAtrA saMbaMdhI pustakake vinA kisI purAtattvAnveSIkA kAma nahIM cala sktaa| hAM maiM jAnatA hUM ki jo jaina vidvAn upayukta pustakoMse kAma lenA cAhatA hai vaha yadi cInI bhASA na jAnatA ho, to usako aMgarejI yA phreMca bhASAkA jAnakAra honA cAhiye / parantu maiM khyAla karatA hUM ki Ajakala vahuta se jainI apane dharmazAstroMke vidvAna hokara aMgarejI para bhI itanA adhikAra rakhate haiM ki ve isa bhASAkI una tamAma pustakoMkA upayoga kara sakate haiM, jo unako saphalatA pUrvaka adhyayana karanemeM jarUrI ho aura eka aise samAjake manuSyoMko, jo sampatti zAlI haiM, pustakoMke mUlyase na DaranA cAhiye / jainasmArakoMmeM bauddhasmAraka honekA bhrama-- kaI udAharaNa isa bAtake mile haiM ki ve imArateM jo asala meM jaina haiM galatIse vauddha mAna lI gayI thiiN| eka kathA hai jisake anusAra lagabhaga aThAraha sau varSa hue mahArAja kaniSkane eka bAra eka jaina stUpako galatIse bauddha stUpa samajha liyA thA aura jaba ve aisI galatI kara baiThate the, taba isameM kucha Azcarya nahIM ki aAjakalake purAtattvavettA, jaina imAratoMke nirmANakA yaza kabhI kabhI bauddhoMko de dete hoN| merA vizvAsa hai ki sara alekjeNDara kaniMghamane yaha kabhI nahIM jAnA ki jainoMne bhI bauddhoMke samAna svabhAvataH 234
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________________ purAtattvakI zodha jainoMkA kartavya tUspa banAye the aura apanI pavitra imAratoMke cAroM ora pattharake ghere lagAye the / kaniMghama aise gheroMko hamezA 'bauddha ghere' kahA karate the aura unheM jaba kabhI kisI TUTe phUTe stUpake cinha mile taba unhoMne yahI samajhA ki usa sthAnakA saMbaMdha bauddhoMse thA / yadyapi bambaIke vidvAna paMDita bhagavAnalAla indrajIko mAlUma thA ki jainoMne stUpa banavAye the aura unhoMne apane isa matako san 1865 IsavImeM prakAzita kara diyA thA, to bhI purAtattvAnveSiyoMkA dhyAna usa samaya taka jainastUpoMkI khojakI tarapha na gayA jaba taka ki tIsa varSa bAda sana 1897 IsavImeM buhalarane apanA "mathurAke jainastUpakI eka kathA" zIrSaka nibaMdha prakAzita na kiyA / merI pustaka-jisakA nAma "mathurAkA jainastUpa aura anya prAcIna vastueM" hai san 1601 IsavImeM prakAzita huI jisase saba vidyArthiyoMko mAlUma ho gayA ki bauddhoMke samAna jainoMke bhI stUpa aura ghere kisI samaya bahulatAse maujUda the / parantu aba bhI kisIne jamInake Uparake maujUda-stUpoMmeM se ekako bhI jainastUpa prakaTa nahIM kiyA / mathurAkA stUpa jisakA hAla maiMne apanI pustakameM likhA hai burI tarahase khode jAnese bilakula naSTa ho gayA hai| mujhe pakkA vizvAsa hai ki jainastUpa aba bhI vidyamAna haiM aura khoja karane para unakA patA laga sakatA hai aura sthAnoMkI apekSA rAjapUtAnemeM unake milanekI adhika saMbhAvanA hai| kauzAmbI viSayaka carcA mere khyAlameM isa bAtakI bahuta kucha saMbhAvanA hai ki jilA ilAhAbAdake aMtargata 'kozama' grAmake bhagnAvazeSa prAyaH jaina siddha hoMge-ve kaniMghamake matAnusAra bauddha nahIM mAlUma hote / yaha grAma nissaMdeha jainoMkA kauzAmbI nagarI rahA hogA aura usameM jisa jagaha jaina mandira maujUda hai vaha sthAna aba bhI mahAvIrake anuyAyIyoMkA tIrthakSetra hai| maiMne isa bAtake pakke sabUta diye haiM ki bauddhoMkI kauzAmbI nagarI eka anya sthAna para thI jo bArahaTase dUra nahIM hai| isa viSaya para mere nibaMdhake prakAzita honeke bAda DAkTara phlITane yaha dikhalAyA hai ki pANinine kauzAmbI aura vana-kauzAmbImeM bheda kiyA hai| mujhe vizvAsa hai ki bauddhoMkI kauzAmbI nagarI vana ( jaMgala) meM vasI huI vana-kauzAmbI thii| maiM kozamakI prAcIna vastuoMke adhyayanakI ora jainoMkA dhyAna khAsa taura para khIMcanA cAhatA huuN| maiM yaha dikhalAneke lie kAphI kaha cukA hUM ki isa viSayakI bahuta sI bAtoMkA nirNaya honA bAkI hai| prApta pratiSThita smArakoMkA punaH nirIkSaNa-- bhUmike Upara prApta jaina khaNDaharoMke rUpako sAvadhAnIke sAtha anuzIlana karane aura likhane se bahutasI bAtoMkA patA laga sakatA hai| ina bhavanoMkA adhyayana jaina graMthoM aura cInI pravAsiyoM tathA anya lekhakoMkI pustakoMke sAtha karanA cAhiye / jo manuSya imAratoMke nirIkSaNa karane aura unakA 235
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-granthaM varNana likhane kA kAma kareM unako saphalatA prApta karane ke lie una mAnacitroMko jo prApya hai buddhimAnI ke sAtha kAmameM lAnA cAhiye; AsapAsake sthAnoMkA hAla sApha sApha likhanA cAhiye, haraeka cIja kA nAma ThIka ThIka likhanA cAhiye aura khUba phoTo lene cAhiye / cAhe bhUmi khanana kA kAma na bhI kiyA jAya to bhI aise nirIkSaNoM se jainadharma ke itihAsa para aura vizeSa kara isa bAta para ki jainadharmakA vidhvaMsa una dezoM meM kaise huA jahAM usake kisI samaya bahusaMkhyAka anuyAyI the, bahuta prakAza par3egA | graMthAvali -- maiM saba jijJAsutroM se anurodha karatA hUM ki ve zro0 gurinauke mahAn grantha " jaina granthAvalike viSaya meM nibaMdha" ko par3heM / yaha grantha perisa meM san 1906 IsavI meM chapA thaa| isa granthakA eka pariziSTa " jaina granthAvalI para TippaNiyAM " bhI julAI-agasta san 1909 ke eziyATika jaranala meM nikala cukA hai / san 1909 IsavI taka jainadharmake viSaya meM pustakoM, samAcArapatroM ityAdi meM jo kucha kisI bhI bhASA meM chapa cukA hai una sabakA paricaya una graMthoM meM diyA gayA hai| ye graMtha phreMca bhASAoM meM haiM parantu jo manuSya phreMca bhASA nahIM jAnatA vaha bhI ina pustakoM se lAbha uThA sakatA hai / khanana kArya -- mahala ityAdikI khoja ke lie jamInako khodanekA kAma jyAdA muzkila hai aura yaha kAma yadi vistAra ke sAtha kiyA jAya, to purAtattva vibhAgake DAirekTara janarala yA kisI prAMtIya adhIkArI kI sammatise honA cAhiye | bure prakAra se aura lAparavAhI ke sAtha khudAyI karanese bahuta hAnI ho cukI hai| maiM Upara kaha AyA hUM ki mathurAke bahumUlya jainastUpakA kisa taraha satyAnAza ho gayA aura usakI khudAyIke saMbaMdhakI jarUrI bAteM phoTo, ityAdi bhI nahIM rakkhe gye| yaha jarUrI hai ki khudAyI kA kAma hote samaya jarA jarA sI bAtoMko bhI likhate jAnA cAhie jo cIja jisa jagaha para mile usa sthAnako ThIka ThIka likha lenA cAhiye, aura zilAlekhoM para kAgaja cipakAkara unakI nakala utAra lenI cAhiye | khudAyIke kAmameM pravINa nirIkSakakI AvazyakatA hai / kAryArambha prakAra- antameM maiM yaha prastAva karatA hUM ki jainoMko eka purAtattva saMbaMdhI samiti sthApita karanI cAhie jo Upara kahe hue mArga ke anusAra aitihAsika khojakA kAryakrama taiyAra kare aura AvazyakatAnusAra dhana ikaTThA kare / dhanakI mAtrA bahuta honI cAhiye / yadi koI jaina kAryakartA, jo paryApta yogyatA rakhatA ho aura jise jaina samAjase vetana milatA ho sarakArI purAtatva vibhAga ( Archaeological survey ) meM usakI sevAeM samarpita kara dI jAya, to vaha bahuta kAma kara sakatA hai yaha aura bhI acchA hogA ki aise kaI kAryakartA sarakArI adhikAriyoMke nirIkSaNa meM kAma kareM / 236
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________________ mahAvIra svAmIkI pUrva paramparA zrI prA0 tryambaka gurunAtha kAle, ema0 e0 buddha aura pAzvanAtha devasenAcAryakRta darzanasArameM,' jo ki saMvat 990 meM ujjainameM likhA gayA hai, yaha likhA hai ki pArzvanAtha svAmIke tIrtha (bha0 pArzvanAthake kaivalyase bha0 mahAvIrakI kaivalya prApti takakA kAla) meM eka buddhi kIrti nAmakA sAdhU thA, jo zAstroMkA jJAtA aura pihitAzravakA ziSya thA tathA palAzanagarameM sarayU nadIke taTapara tapazcaryA kara rahA thaa| usane socA ki, marI huI machalIkA mAMsa khAnemeM koI hAni nahIM hai kyoM ki vaha nirjIva hai| phira tapa karanA chor3akara aura raktavastra pahinakara vaha bauddha dharmakA upadeza dene lagA / isa prakAra jainamatAnusAra buddha pahale jainamuni thA, jisane viparIta vicAra karake mAMsa bhakSaNa karanekA upadeza diyA aura lAla vastra dhAraNa kara apanA dharma calAyA / itanA hI nahIM, kahA jAtA hai ki jaina bauddhoMke samakAlIna the, kintu ye una nava dIkSita bauddhoMse bhI pahale ke haiN| isa kAraNa jainadharma kI prAcInatAkA anusandhAna jaina, bauddha aura brAhmaNa granthoMke AdhAra para karanA caahiye| jainazAstrAnusAra buddha mahAvIrake ziSya nahIM the| kintu jainI kahate haiM ki vaha pihitAzravakA ziSya yA jaisA ki Upara kahA jA cukA hai| kolavaka, sTIvenasana, mejara-DelAmena, DAkTara haimilTana, ityAdine gautamabaddhako bha0 mahAvIrake praziSya gautama indrabhUtikA sthAnIya samajhAnekI bhUla kI hai| yaha (gautama indrabhUti ) mahAvIrake mukhya gaNadhara bhI the / isa prakAra jaba ki gautama gaNadhara mahAvIrake ziSya the taba kahA jAne lagA ki, gautamabuddha mahAvIrake ziSya the| parantu jainIloga isa bhrAntise bilakula mukta haiM / yaha bAta Upara batalA dI gayI hai ki, buddhikIrti pihitAzravakA ziSya thA jo ki pArzvanAtha tIrthakarake tIrthakAlameM hue haiN| 1. bAbU banArasIdAsa dvArA saMpAdita "jaina itihAsa mAlA pra. 1 pR. 16 / 2. "siri pAsaNAha tatthe saraUtIre palAsa kaayrtthe| pihiyAsavassa sisso mahAsuo buDDhi kitti munnii| 6 / timi pUraNAsaNeNaya agaNiya pAvajja jAo pribhtttto| rataMvara dharittA paviThiyaM tena eyaMtaM / 7 / " 237
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________________ varNo-abhinandana grantha sAdhU AtmArAmane svaracita 'ajJAnatimira bhAskara' meM pArzvanAtha svAmIke samaya se lagAkara kavala- gacchukI paTTAvalI likhI hai, joki isa prakAra hai- zrI pArzvanAtha, zrI zubhadatta gaNadhara zrI haridatta jI, zrI zrArya samudra, zrI svAmI prabhAsUrya, zrI kezisvAmI, sAdhU AtmArAmajIkA aisA bhI kathana hai ki pihitAzrava; svAmI prabhAsUrya ke ziSya aneka sAdhuoMoMmeM se eka the / uttarAdhyayanasUtra tathA dUsare jainagranthoMse hameM yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki 'kezi' pArzva - nAthakI paramparAkA thA aura bha0 mahAvIra ke samaya jIvita thA / taba buddhikIrtiko bhI mahAvIrakA samakAlIna mAnanA svAbhAvika ho jAtA hai, kyoMki kezike samAna usa ( buddhikIrti ) ke bhI gurU pihitAzrava muni the / aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki usakI utpatti bha0 mahAvIra se huI thI / hameM zrI zramitigati zrAcAryakRta 'dharmaparIkSA' granthase bhI jo ki saMvat 1070 meM banA thA aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki pArzvanAtha ke ziSya moggalAyanane mahAvIra se vairabhAva karake bauddhadharma claayaa| usane zuddhodanake putra buddhako paramAtmA samajhA thA / dharmaparIkSA adhyAya 18 meM isa prakAra likhA hai "ruSTaH vIranAthastha tapasvI moDilAyanaH / ziSyaH zrI pArzvanAthasya vidadhe buddhadarzanam / 68 / zuddhodanasutaM buddhaM paramAtmAnamabravIt / prANinaH kurvate kiM na kopa vaira parAjitAH / 59 / yahAM prathama zloka meM jo "ziSya" zabda zrAyA hai, usakA artha ziSya praziSya karanA cAhiye | 'mahAvagga' granthake dvArA hameM mAlUma hotA hai ki, moggalAyana aura sAriputta ye donoM brAhmaNa saMjaya parivrAjakake anuyAyI the, jo saMjayake manA karane para bhI buddhake pAsa gaye the aura usake ziSya bana gaye / isa prakAra 'dharmaparIkSA' granthake anusAra jaba ki moggalAyana pArzvanAtha ke ziSyakA ziSya thA, taba upayukta saMjaya bhI jo kI moggalAyanakA upadezaka thA vaha bhI kezIke samAna pArzvanAthakI paramparAkA ho gA / aura taba moggalAyana mahAvIrakA samakAlIna honA cAhiye / zreNika caritra ra dUsare jaina granthoMmeM aisI sUcanAeM bharI par3I haiM ki, mahAvIra ke arahaMtapaneke pahile hI buddhane apane navIna matakA upadeza denA prArambha kara diyA thA / Uparake udAharaNoMse aisA pratIta hotA hai ki moggalAyana ne bauddhadharma nahIM calAyA, taba dharmaparIkSA ke zlokakA aisA artha karanA cAhiye ki mogalAyanane buddhako apane dharma pracAra meM dUsaroMkI apekSA adhika sahAyatA dI / bauddha granthoMse bhI isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai / kyoM 1. jaina itihAsa mAlA pR0 23 238
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________________ mahAvIra svAmIkI pUrva paramparA ki moggalApana aura sAriputta ye donoM buddhake agragaNya ziSya the / isa prakAra hameM jJAta hotA hai ki, brAhmaNadharma, jainadharma aura bauddhadharma ye tInoM prAcIna bhAratake vyApaka saiddhAMtika vAyumaMDalase utpanna hue haiM / isa sambandhameM yaha kahanA anucitana hogA ki aAdhunika itihAsakAroMne bhAratakI prAcInatAko bahuta viparIta samajhA hai / arthAt adhikAMza logoMne yaha samajha rakkhA hai ki, prAcIna bhAratameM brAhmaNadharmake sivAya anya kisI bhI dharmakA astitva nahIM thaa| parantu usa brAhmaNa dharmakA rUpa kaisA thA, isa bAtako unhoMne kabhI nahIM samajhanA cAhA / yadi bhAratakI purAtana sabhI bAtoMko ve 'brAhmaNadharma' nAma dete haiM, to unakI kalpanA ThIka hai / parantu 'brAhmaNadharma' se yadi ve vaidikadharma athavA vaidika yajJAdi hI lete haiM, to maiM nahIM samajha sakatA ki, prAcIna bhAratameM brAhmaNadharma ke sivAya anya koI dharma nahIM honA kisa prakAra prAmANika yuktiyoM dvArA siddha ho sakatA hai| bhAratakI prAcInatama avasthA jainazastroM meM ThIka ThIka citrita kI gayI hai / jainazAstroMmeM likhA hai ki jaba RSabhadeva apanA dharmopadeza karate the, usa samaya 363 pAkhaNDoM ( matoM ) ke netA bhI apanA apanA dharmopadeza karate the / zukra arthAt bRhaspati unameM se eka the, jinhoMne cArvAka mata nikAlA / niHsandeha prAcIna bhAratakI aisI hI sthiti jAna par3atI hai| prAcIna samayameM yahAM eka hI matakA eka hI upadezaka nahIM thA, kintu bhinna bhinna dhArmika mantavyoMke upadeza karane vAle aneka zikSaka the jinhoMne apanI apanI buddhi ke anusAra jIvana aura jagatake svarUpako darzAyA thaa| prAcIna kAlameM vaidika, sAMkhyA, cArvAka, jaina, bauddha aura anyAnya aneka dhArmika siddhAMtoMkI zAkhAeM thIM, jinameMse kaI to sadAke lie naSTa ho gayIM / ina dharmoMke usa samaya bahutase kaTTara pakSapAtI the / parantu prAcIna bhAratameM para-nirbharatA nahIM thI arthAt sabake mantavya svatantra the| prophesara maiMksamyUlara ne apanI 76 varSakI avasthAmeM likhA thA ki- "jyoM jyoM meM aneka matoM kA paThana karatA gayA tyoM tyoM vijJAnabhikSu, zrAdike isa mantavyakI satyatAkA prabhAva mere hRdaya para adhikAdhika par3atA gayA ki, SaTdarzanake bhinna bhinna mantavyoMse pare evaM pUrva eka aisA sarvasAdhAraNa bhaNDAra hai jise ki rASTrIya ( bhAratIya ) siddhAnta yA vyApaka tathA sarvapriya siddhAnta kaha sakate haiM / yaha siddhAnta vicAra aura bhASAkA eka bahuta bar3A mAnasarovara hai, jo ki bahuta dUra uttarameM arthAt atyanta purAtana samayameM vikasita huA thaa| pratyeka vicArakako apane apane manorathake anusAra isameMse vicAroMko grahaNa karane kI svataMtratA thii|" prAcIna bhAratameM udhAra lene kI praNAlI nahIM thI arthAt vividha RSiyoMke jIvanake sambandhameM vibhinna svataMtra vicAra the| aura jo darzana aAja hamAre dekhane meM Ate haiM, ve unhIM RSiyoMke abhiprAyoMke lipi baddha rUpa haiM / yadyapi anekAneka saiddhAntika paddhatiyoM aura unake janmadAtAoMkA jIvanacaritra sadAke lie lupta ho gayA hai| jainazAstroMke anusAra jainadharmake pravartaka na mahAvIra haiM aura na pArzvanAtha, kintu isa kAlacakra meM RSabhadeva jainadharmake prathama mahopadezaka hue haiN| zukra arthAt bRhaspati, RSabhadevake samakAlIna 239
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha aneka vyaktiyoM meM se eka ho sakate haiM / usa samaya buddhiko atyanta tIkSNatA adhika sulabha thI / bhAgavata paJcama skandha, adhyAya 2-6 meM jo RSabhadevakA kathana zrAyA hai vaha isa prakAra hai manu svayaMbhU priyavrata. agnIdhra nAbhimarudevI T RSabhadeva bhAgavata meM kahA hai ki RSabhadeva digambara the aura jainadharmake calAne vAle the / bhAgavata adhyAya 6 zloka 1-11 meM granthakarttA ne 'koMkA', 'veMkA' aura 'kuTaka' ke Arhat rAjA ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki, yaha rAjA apanI prajAse RSabhadevakA jIvanacaritra sunegA aura kaliyuga meM eka dharma calAvegA * jisase usake anuyAyI brAhmaNoMse ghRNA kareMge aura narakako jAveM ge / IsvI sanakI pahilI zatI meM honevAle - huviSka aura kaniSka ke samayake jo zilAlekha mathurA meM mile haiM unameM bhI RSabhadeva prathama tIrthaMkara kA varNana zrAyA hai / vahIM para kucha RRSabhadevakI mUrtiyAM bhI milI haiM jinheM jainI pUjate haiM / ina zilAlekhoMse spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki, IsvI sanakI pahilI zatI meM RSabhadeva prathama tIrthaMkara rUpa meM mAne jAte the / yadi mahAvIra yA pArzvanAtha hI jaina dharmake calAnevAle hote, to unakI mUrti bhI 'jaina dharma ke pravartaka, isa ullekha sahita sthApitakI jAtI ? mahAvIrakA nirvANa IsvI sana se 527 varSa pahile aura pArzvanAtha kA nirvANa isase 250 varSa pahile arthAt IsvI sana se 777 varSa pUrva meM huA hai kintu usa samaya se kucha hI zatiyoMke pazcAt utkIrNa zilAlekhoMse yaha bAta pragaTa hotI hai ki isa kAlameM RSabhadeva jainadharma ke zrAdi pravartaka ( pracAraka ) hue haiN| isa sabake prakAzameM yaha kahanA sarvathA bhrAnta hai ki, kevala vaidika dharma hI prAcIna bhArata meM phailA huA thA / kadAcit aisA honA saMbhava hai ki usa samaya vaidika dharma aura itara dharma prAyaH samAna svataMtratA ke sAtha prasArita ho rahe hoM ! prAcIna bhArata kA adhikAMza saiddhAntika aura dhArmika sAhitya lupta evaM vinaSTa ho gayA hai| jo ' bArhaspatyasUtra eka samaya milate the, aba unakA bhI patA nahIM hai / isa prakAra dUsare bahuta se siddhAnta sUtra aba nahIM milte| isa kAraNa se unake varNya viSayoM se hama anabhijJa haiM / kevala vaidika sAhitya hI saMyogavaza naSTa hote hote baca gayA hai| lagabhaga azoka ke samaya se jaina aura bauddha sAhitya kA bhI lipibaddha 1 1 - saikareDa buksa opha ISTa bhA. 45 / 240
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________________ mahAvIra svAmIkI pUrva paramparA honA zurU huA thA / aneka grantha isase bhI pIche bane / pArzvanAthakA itihAsa-- ___uttarAdhyayanasUtra aura sUtrakRtAMgasUtrakI bhUmikA meM prA0 jaikobI likhate haiM :- "pAlI cAtuyyAma" jise ki saMskRtameM 'cAturyAma' kahate haiM, prAkRtameM 'cAtujjAma' bolA jAtA hai / yaha eka prasiddha jaina saMjJA hai jo ki pArzvanAthake cAra vratoMko prakaTa karatI hai jisake samakSa hI mahAvIrake paMcamahAvrata (paMcamahAvvaya ) kahe gaye haiN| isa prakaraNameM maiM samajhatA hUM ki, bauddhoMne eka bhrAnti kI hai / arthAt unhoMne mahAvIrako jo jJAtRputra upAdhi lagAyo hai, vaha vAstavameM unase pUrva hue pArzvanAthake pIche laganI cAhiye thii| yaha eka nagaNya bhUla hai / kyoMki gautama buddha aura bauddha prAcArya upayukta upAdhikI yojanA niZtha dharmake varNanameM taba taka kabhI na karate, jaba taka ki unhoMne use pArzvanAthake anuyAyI logoMse na sunI hotii| aura yadi mahAvIrakA dharma buddhake samayameM bhI nirgrathoke dvArA hI vizeSa rUpase pratipAlita hotA to bhI ve aisI upAdhi kabhI nahIM lagAte / isa prakAra bauddhoMkI bhUlase hI jainadharma sambandhI isa daMtakathAkI satyatAkI puSTi hotI hai ki mahAvIrake samayameM pArzvanAthake anuyAyo vidyamAna the|" "pArzvanAthakA aitihAsika mahApuruSa honA saMbhava hai / isa bAtako saba mAnate haiM aura unake anuyAyiyoM tathA mukhyatayA kezAkA jo ki mahAvIrake samayameM jainadharmake netA the, jainazAstrameM isa prakAra vAstavika rUpase vRttAnta pAyA jAtA hai ki una zAstroMko satyatAmeM sandeha utpanna honekA koI kAraNa hI nahIM dikhtaa|" jainadharmake prAcIna itihAsakI racanAmeM merA yahI mukhya uddezya hai ki, pArzvanAthake anuyAyI mahAvIrake samayameM vidyamAn the, yaha dantakathA jisako vartamAna samayake sabhI vidvAn svIkAra karate haiM; adhikatara spaSTa ho jAya / pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIrake antarAlameM jitanA samaya vyatIta huA hai usake viSayameM jaikobIne eka TippaNa likhA hai / vaha isa prakAra hai-"jaina granthoM meM jo vivecana kiyA hai, usase prakaTa hotA hai ki, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIrake bIcake kAlameM yatidharmakA AcaraNa zithila ho gayA hogaa| yaha bAta tabhI saMbhava ho sakatI hai, jaba ki antima do tIrthaMkaroMke bIcakA samaya yathocita rUpase nizcita kiyA jAya / isake dvArA pArzvanAthake 250 varSa pIche mahAvIra hue aisA jo saba manuSyoM kA anumAna hai, usakI bhalI bhAMti puSTi hotI hai|" "isa prakAra pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIrake jIvanacaritrakA vistArase paThana karane para uttarIya bhAratakI rAjanaitika sthiti spaSTa rUpase prakaTa ho jAtI hai, kyoMki unake samayakA nirNaya ho gayA hai / yahAM taka zodhako le jAnA bhAratake prAcIna itihAsakI sudRr3ha bhUmikApara pahuMca jAnA hai / pazcimI 1-saikareDa buksa opha ISTa bhA.45 241
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vidvAnoMne bhI antima donoM tIrthaMkaroMko aitihAsika mahApuruSa svIkAra kiyA hai| aura jyoM jyoM jainiyoM ke prAcIna graMtha dekhane meM zrAveM ge. tyoM tyoM ve inase bhI pahile honevAle tIrthaMkaroM ke astitvako bhI prAyaH svIkAra kara leNge| bhAratakI prAcIna rAja-naitika aura sAmAjika sthitipara jo jaina aura bauddha kathAoMse prakAza par3atA hai usakI upekSA karanA ucita nahIM hai / ina kathAoMkA bahuta sUkSma dRSTise anusandhAna kiyA jAnA cAhiye / paurANika jaina aura bauddha kathAoMko ekatra karane se bhAratakA luptaprAya prAcIna itihAsa kisa prakAra prakAzameM Akara sadA ke lie nizcita ho sakatA hai, yaha bAta maiMne isa granthameM darasA dI hai|" "jaina aura bauddha donoM dharma eka hI bhUmi para utpanna hue haiM, isa kAraNa unakI aitihAsika kathAe bhI eka sI haiN| vinA yatheSTa kAraNake hameM ina daMtakathAtroMpara avizvAsa nahIM karanA cAhiye / hameM unakA anusandhAna tulanAtmaka paddhatise aura bArIkIse karanA cAhiye / jaba saba prakArakI dantakathAnoM aura unake ullekhoMkA paThana tathA tulanA kI jAyagI, tabhI hameM kucha aitihAsika rahasya mAlUma ho sakate haiM, anyathA bhAratake prAcIna itihAsakA kabhI nirNaya nahIM ho skegaa|" 242
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________________ bhAratIya itihAsa aura jaina zilAlekha zrI DA0 e0 gerInoTa, ema0 e0 DI0 liTa0 ___ aksara vidvAn kahA karate haiM ki, yadyapi bhAratavarSIya sAhitya vipula aura vistIrNa hai, tathApi usameM aitihAsika graMtha bahuta thor3e haiM / aura jo haiM, unameM itihAsake sAtha dUsarI managaDhaMta bAtoMkI tathA dantakathAoMkI khicar3I kara dI gayI hai / yaha kathana yadyapi ThIka hai, to bhI bhAratavarSameM jo agaNita zilAlekha haiM, unase bhAratavarSake sAhityameM jo itihAsakI kamI hai, vaha bahuta aMzoMmeM pUrNa ho sakatI hai| isake lie jI0 mebala DaphakA bhAratIya kAlakrama ( The Chronalogy of India) kA pahalA pRSTha aura vinaseMTa e0 smitha kRta bhAratIya itihAsa ( The Histary of India) kI pahalI AvRttikA terahavAM pRSTha par3hanA caahiye| dakSiNake jaina zilAlekha-- sabase adhika zilAlekha dakSiNa bhAratameM haiN| mi0 I0 hulaza, mi0 je0 epha0 phlITa aura lUisa rAIsa, Adi vidvAnoMne sAutha iNDiyA inskripazana iMDiyana enTIkverI, epigrAphiyA karNATikA, Adi granthoMmeM vahAMke hajAroM lekhoMkA saMgraha kiyA hai| ye zilAlekha zilAoM tathA tAmrapatroMpara saMskRta, aura purAnI kannar3a Adi bhASAoMmeM khude hue haiM / prAcIna kannar3ake lekhoMmeM jainiyoMke lekha bahuta adhika haiM ; kyoMki uttara karNATaka aura maisUra rAjyameM jainiyoMkA nivAsa prAcIna kAlase hai| uttara bhAratameM jo saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAke lekha mile haiM, ve prAcInatA aura upayogitAkI dRSTi se bahuta mahattvake haiN| ina lekhoMmeM bhI jaina lekhoMkI saMkhyA bahuta adhika hai| san 1908 meM jo jaina zilAlekhoMkI riporTa mere dvArA prakAzita kI gayI hai, usameM maiMne san 1907 ke aMta taka prakAzita hue samasta jaina lekhoMke saMgraha karanekA prayatna kiyA thA / ukta riporTa meM 850 lekhoMkA saMkSipta pRthakkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| jinameMse 809 lekha aise haiM, jinakA samaya unapara likhA huA hai, athavA dUsare sAkSiyoMse mAlUma kara liyA gayA hai| ye lekha IsvI san se 242 varSa pUrvase lekara IsvI san 1866 takake arthAt lagabhaga 2200 varSake haiM aura jaina itihAsake lie bahuta hI upayogI sAdhana sAmagrI haiM / 243
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha ina zilA-zAsanoM tathA tAmralekhoMke prAraMbhameM bahudhA jainAcAryoM tathA dharma gurutroMkI vistIrNa paTTAvaliyAM rahatI haiM / udAharaNake lie zatruJjaya tIrthake AdIzvara bhagavAnake maMdirakA zilAlekha lIjie, jo ki vi0 saMvat 1650 ( IsvI san 1593 ) kA hai| usameM tapAgacchakI paTTAvalI isa prakAra dI huI hai -tapAgacchake sthApaka zrI jagacandra ( vi0 saM0 1285), zrAnanda-vimala (vi0 saM0 1582), vijayadAna sUri, harivijaya sUri (vi0 saM0 1650 ) aura vijayasena sUri / isI prakArase dUsarA zilAlekha aNahillapATaNakA epigrAphizrA iMDiyAkI pahalI jildake 319-324 pRSThoMmeM chapA hai| usameM kharataragacchake udyotanasU rise lekara jinasiMha sUri takake pahale 45 zrAcAryoMkI pAvalI dI hai| mathurAke lekha mathurAmeM DA0 phuhararane kaniSka aura usake pazcAdvartI iMDo-sithiyana rAjAoMke aneka zilAlekhoMkA patA lagAyA thA aura pro0 vyulharane ephigrAphiyA iMDiyAkI pahalI dUsarI jildameM unakA bahuta hI Azcaryajanaka vRttAnta prakAzita kiyA thA / isI viSayapara san 1904 meM iMDiyana eNTIkverIke 33veM bhAgameM mo0 suDarane eka aura lekha likhA thA aura ukta lekhoMkA saMzodhana tathA parivartana pragaTa kiyA thaa| mathurAke lekha jaina dharmake prAcIna itihAsake lie bahuta hI upayogI haiN| kyoMki ve kalpasUtrakI sthavirAvalIkA samarthana karate haiM aura prAcInakAlake bhinna-bhinna goMkA, unake mukhya mukhya vibhAgoM, kuloM aura zAkhAoM sahita paricaya dete haiN| jaise 'koTika gaNa' sthAnIya kula aura vADhIzAkhA, brahmadAsika kula aura uccanAgarI zAkhA, ityAdike ullekha / jaina zilAlekhoM tathA tAmrapatroMse isa bAtakA bhI patA lagatA hai ki, eka dezase jainI dUsare deza meM kaba phaile tathA unakA adhikAdhika prasAra kaba huaa| IsvI sanse 242 varSa pahale mahArAjA azoka apane AThaveM zrAjJApatrameM jo ki stambhapara khudA huA hai, unakA ( jainiyoMkA ) 'nirgrantha' nAmase ullekha karate haiM / IsvI sanse pahale dUsarI zatAbdimeM unakA ur3IsAke udayagiri nAmaka guphAoMmeM 'arahanta' ke nAma se paricaya milatA hai aura mathurAmeM bhI (kaniSka haviSkake samayameM) ve bahuta saddhizAlI the; jahAM ki dAnoMke ullekha karane vAle tathA amuka bhavana amukako diyA gayA yaha batalAne vAle aneka jaina lekhoMkA patA lagA hai| zravaNabelagolA-- __IsvI sanke prAraMbhake eka zilAlekhameM giranAra parvatakA sabase pahale ullekha milA hai, jisase yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki, usa samaya jainI bhAratake vAyavyameM bhI phaila cuke the| isI prakAra AcArya zrI bhadrabAhuke adhipatyameM ve dakSiNameM bhI pahuMce the aura vahAM zravaNa velagolAmeM unhoMne eka prasiddha mandirakI 1. dekho epiMgrAphi iNDiyA bhAga 2, pRSTha 50-59 / 244
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________________ bhAratIya itihAsa aura jaina zilAlekha sthApanA kI thI / mi0 lUisa rAIsake dvArA saMgraha kiye hue saMskRta tathA kannar3a bhASAke saikar3oM zilAlekha zravaNabelagolA ke pavitratama aitihAsika vRttAnta pragaTa karate haiM / isa pahAr3apara suprasiddha maMtrI cAmuMDarAyane gommaTTezvarakI vizAla pratimA sthApita kI thI / gomaTa svAmokI dUsarI pratimA kArakalameM zaka saMvat 1353 ( I0 san 0 1432 ) meM aura tIsarI benUra meM zaka saMvat 1525 ( I0 san 1604 ) pratiSThita huI thI / dakSiNa bhAratake jude jude zilAlekha bahuta sI aitihAsika bAtoMko vizada karate haiM / halebIDa eka zilAlekha se mAlUma hotA hai ki, vahAM gaMgarAja maMtrIke putra bopane pArzvanAthakA mandira banavAyA thA / aura vahAM bahutase prasiddha prasiddha zrAcAryoMkA dehotsarga huA thA / 'hanasoja' dezIyagaNakI eka zAkhAkA sthAna thA / hamacA [huMmmaca] nAmaka sthAna meM 'uvatilaka' nAmaka sundara mandira banavAyA gayA thA aura use gaMgarAja kumArI cattaladevIne aparNa kiyA thA / maleyArakA kanaka-parvata kaI zatAbdiyoM taka bahuta pavitra samajhA jAtA thaa| ina saba bAtoMkA jJAna ukta sthAnoM meM mile hue lekhoM se hotA hai / sphuTa lekha- uttara bhArata ke mukhya zilAlekha zrAbU, giranAra aura zatruJjaya parvata sambandhI haiM / zrAbU parvata para sabase adhika prasiddha mandira do haiM - eka AdinAthakA aura dUsarA neminAthakA / pahalA aNahillapATaNa ke bhaktivaMta vyApArI vimalazAhane vi0 saM0 1088 ( IsvI san 2031 ) meM banavAyA thA aura dUsarA cAlukya ( solaMkI ) vaMzIya vAghelA rAjA vIradhavala ke suprasiddha maMtrI tejapAlane aura usake bhAI vastupAlane banavAyA thA / usake donoM bhAiyoMne eka manohara mandira giranAra parvatapara aura kaI mandira zatruJjayapara banavAye the / aitihAsika mahatva -- jainiyoMke zilAlekha aura tAmralekha bhAratake sAmAnya itihAsake lie mI bahuta sahAyaka haiM / bahuta se rAjAoM kA patA kevala jainiyoMke hI lekhoMse lagatA hai| jaise ki, kaliMga (ur3IsA) kA rAjA khAravela | nizcita rUpase yaha rAjA jainadharmakA anuyAyI thA / usake rAjya kAlakA eka vizAla zilAlekha svargIya paM0 bhagavAnalAla indrajIne prakAzita kiyA thA aura usake viSaya meM unhoMne bahuta vivecana kiyA thA / ukta zilAlekha 'rAmo arahaMtANaM Namo samvasiddhANaM' ina zabdoMse prArambha hotA hai / usa para maurya saMvat 165 likhA huA hai / arthAt vaha IsvI san se lagabhaga 156-57 varSa pahalekA / khAravela kI pahalI rAnI jainiyoMpara bahuta kRpA rakhatI thii| usane jaina muniyoMke lie udayagirimeM eka guphA banavAyI thI / dakSiNa bhArata ke rAjAoM meM maisUrake pazcima zrorake gaMgavaMzIya rAjA jainadharmake jAnakAra aura anuyAyI the / zilAlekhoM ke zrAdhArase pragaTa honevAlI eka kathAse mAlUma hotA hai ki, nandisaMgha ke siMhanandi nAmaka zrAcArya ne gaMgavaMzakA nirmANa kiyA thA aura isa vaMzake bahuta se rAjAoM ke guru jainAcArya 245
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha the / jaise vinIta ( koMgaNI varmana ), rAcamalla ( I0 sa0 977), paramardideva aura usake uttarAdhikArI ( gyArahavIM zatAbdikA aMta aura bAravIM kA prAraMbha ), ityAdi / suprasiddha cAmuMDarAya jisane zravaNabelagolA gosvAmIkI adbhuta pratimA sthApita kI thI, yaha dUsare mArasiMhakA pradhAnamaMtrI thA / isa mArasiMhane gurU ajitasenakI upasthiti meM jainadharmakI kriyAnusAra maraNa kiyA thA arthAt samAdhimaraNa kiyA thA / zrI phlITa ke kathanAnusAra kadamba vaMzIya rAjA bhI jaina the / kAkutsthavarma aura devavarmA Adine jaina sampradAya ke bhinna-bhinna saMghoM ko bar3I-bar3I bheTeM dI thIM / pazcimake solaMkI ( cAlukya ) rAjA yadyapi vaiSNava the, parantu ve nirantara dAna aura bheMToM ke dvArA jainiyoMko saMtuSTa karate rahate the / dakSiNa ke mahArASTra prAnta meM jainadharma sAmAnya prajAkA dharma ginA jAtA thA ! malakher3a ke ( mAnya kheTa ) rASTrakUTa ( rAThaura ) rAjAoM ke zrAzrayase jainadharmane; vizeSatayA digambara sampradAyane bahuta unnati kI thI / navamI zatAbdimeM digambara sampradAyako aneka rAjAoM kA zrAzraya milA thA / rAjA amogha varSa ( I0 saM0 814 -877) ne to apanI sahAyatA dvArA isa sampradAyakA eka bar3e bhArI rakSaka ke samAna pracAra evaM prasAra kiyA thA, aura sambhavataH usIne praznottara ratnamAlAkI racanA kI thI / saunadattIke rahavaMzI rAjA pahale rASTrakUToMke karada sAmanta the, parantu pIche se svataMtra ho gaye the / ve jainadharma ke anuyAyI the / unake kiye hue dAnoMkA ullekha IsvIsan 875 se 1229 takake lekhoMmeM milatA hai / sAntara nAmake adhikAriyoMkA eka aura vaMza maisUrake antargat hummaca meM rahatA thA / ye bhI jainI the aura unake dharmaguru jainAcArya the / bArahavIM aura terahavIM zatAbdimeM hoysala nAmaka vaMzake rAjAoMoMne maisUra prAnta meM apane adhikArakI ati vRddhi kI thii| pahale ye kalacurI vaMzake karada rAjA the, parantu jaba ukta vaMzakA patana huA, taba unake uttarAdhikArI ho gaye / isa vaMzake sabase prAcIna aura pramANabhUta rAjA vinayAditya aura usakA uttarAdhikArI zroriyaMga ye donoM tIrthaMkaroM ke bhakta the / isa vaMzake prakhyAta rAjA viTTiga athavA vilTidevako rAmAnujAcAryane viSNukA bhakta banAyA thA aura isase usakA nAma viSNuvardhana prasiddha huA thaa| usakI rAjadhAnI dvArasamudrameM jise ki aba halebIDu kahate haiM, thI / isake sivAya gaMgarAja, marIyana, bhArata, Adi maMtriyoMkA bhI yahAM zrAzraya milA thA / unhoMne una saba mandiroMkA phirase jIrNoddhAra karAyA thA, jinheM ki cola nAmake zrAkramaNa kAriyoMne naSTa kara diyA thA aura unheM bar3I bar3I jAgIreM lagA dI thIM / jaina zilAlekhoM meM 15 vIM zatAbdi ke sAlvavaMzIya rAjAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, ye jainadharmake anuyAyI the / yaha lekha yadyapi choTA hai, parantu merI samajha meM yaha batalAne ke lie kAfI hai ki jaina zilAlekhoM meM kitanI aitihAsika bAtoMkA ullekha hai / ina lekhoMkA aura jainiyoMke vyavahArika sAhityakA niyamita abhyAsa bhAratavarSake itihAsakA jJAna prApta karaneke lie bahuta hI upayogI hogA / 246
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________________ kArakalakA bhairarasa rAjavaMza zrI paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI, vidyAbhUSaNa kArakala madrAsa prAntake dakSiNa kannaDa jilemeM sthita hai| Ajakala yaha vizeSa samRddhizAlI nahIM hai; sirpha tAllukekA pradhAna sthAna mAtra hai / yahI kArakala IsAkI 13vIM zatIse lekara 17vIM zatI taka arthAt lagabhaga 500 varSa paryanta vizeSa samRddhizAlI rahA hai| ina zatiyoMmeM yahAMpara jaina dharmAnuyAyI bhairarasa nAmaka eka prAcIna rAjavaMza zAsana karatA rahA hai| prAraMbhameM to yaha vaMza svataMtra hI thaa| para pIche ise hoyasala, vijayanagara Adi karNATakake anya baliSTha pradhAna zAsakoMkI adhInatAmeM rahanA pdd'aa| balki usa jamAnemeM isa jilemeM baMga, cauTa, ajila, sAvaMta, mUla, tolahAra, binnANa, konnAra, bhArasa, honnaya, kaMbali Adike vaMzaja bhI choTe choTe rAjya sthApita karake bhinna-bhinna pradezoMmeM zAsana karate rahe haiM / ina rAjavaMzoMmeMse ajila, cauTa, Adike vaMzajoMne bhI jainadharmakI paryApta sevA kI hai / bhairarasa vaMza isI bhairarasa vaMzameM utpanna pANDya rAjA viracita 'bhavyAnandazAstra' se yaha spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki kArakalake bhairarasa vaMzane 'huMca' meM nayA rAjya sthApita kiyA, jo ki vahAM para dIrghakAla taka rAjya karane vAle rAjA jinadattarAyake vaMzakI hI eka zAkhA thii| 'jinadattarAyacarita'aura huMcake katipaya lekhoMse' isa vaMzakA paricaya nimna prakAra milatA hai "prAcIna kAlameM uttaramadhurA [ vartamAna mathurA ] ke suvikhyAta ugravaMzameM vIranArAyaNa, Adi aneka zAsaka hue haiM / isI vaMzameM rAjA 'sAkAra' huA thA, jo eka bhIla lar3akIpara Asakta hokara apanI sahadharmiNI rAno zrIyalA evaM putra jinadattarAyase bhI udAsIna ho gayA thA / phalasvarUpa eka roja ukta bhIlakI lar3akI padminIke durupadezase vaha apane suyogya putra jinadattarAya takako maravA DAlaneke lie utArU ho gayA thA ; kyoMki jinadatta ke jIvita rahate bhIlanIke putra mAridattako rAjya nahIM mila sakatA thA / para isa SaDyaMtrakA patA apane guru siddhAntakIrtike dvArA rAnI zrIyalAko pahale hI laga gayA thA / zrIyalAne kuladevI padmAvatIkI pratimAke sAtha priyaputra jinadattarAyako turaMta ho madhurAse haTA diyA / 1 dekheM-nagara saMbandhI lekha naM0 58 Adi / 247
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jinadatta ghUmatA-ghUmatA kucha kAlake bAda maisUra rAjyake 'huMca' sthAnapara phuNcaa| vahAM para bhIloMkI madadase yaha eka nayA rAjya sthApita karake usakA zAsana karane lagA / pIche isane dakSiNa madhurAke prasiddha pANDyavaMzI rAjA vIrapANDyakI putrI padminI aura anurAdhAke sAtha vivAha kiyaa| nAmakaraNa rAjA jinadattarAyake pArvacandra tathA nemicandra nAmaka do putra hue the| pArzvacandrane apane nAmake aMtameM 'pANDya bhairavarAja' yaha nUtana upAdhi jor3a lI thii| bhairavI padmAvatIke dvArA apane pitAkI rakSA evaM apanI mAtAkA pANDya vaMzIyA honA hI isa upanAmako apanAnekA kAraNa batalAyA jAtA hai| isa vaMzake sabhI zAsaka 'pANDya bhairava' isa upanAmako bar3e zrAdarake sAtha apane nAmake Age jor3ate rahe / pUrvokta kArakalakA bhairarasa isI 'bhairavarasa' kA bigar3A huA rUpa hai| bhairarasavaMzake rAjAzroMmeM nimnalikhita rAjA vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM- . pANDyadeva athavA pANDyacakravartI [ I0 san 1261 ] isane kArakalameM 'zrAnekere' nAmaka eka suvizAla sundara sarovara khudavAyA thA, jo ki aAja jINAvasthAmeM hai| kahA jAtA hai ki apane hAthiyoMko pAnI pilAne, Adike lie hI rAjAke dvArA yaha vizAla sarovara khudavAyA gayA thaa| sarovarake nAmase bhI isa bAtakI puSTi hotI hai| bAdameM isa sarovarake uttara pArzvameM eka sundara jinAlaya bhI banA hai, jise pAvApurakA anukaraNa kahA jA sakatA hai| rAmanAtha [ I0 san 1416]-isane bhI kArakalakI pUrvadizAmeM eka vizAla jalAzaya nirmANa karAkara apane hI nAmapara isakA nAma 'rAmasamudra' rakhA thaa| vastutaH yaha jalAzaya eka choTAsA kRtrima samudra hI hai| isase kArakala nivAsiyoMkA asIma upakAra huA hai| ___ vIra pANDya [I0 san 1431] --kArakalakI lokavizruta vizAla manohArI gommaTezamUrtiko isIne sthApita kiyA thaa| isakI pratiSThA mahotsavameM vijayanagarakA tatkAlIna zAsaka devarAya [ dvitIya ] bhI sammilita huA thaa| mUrti nirmANa, pratiSThA, zrAdikA vistRta vRttAMta 'gommaTezvaracarite' meM kavi candramane sundara DhaMgase diyA hai usImeM se thor3AsA aMza nIce uddhRta kiyA jAtA haizrI bAhubali mUrti-- "mere mahalake dakSiNa bhAgameM avasthita unnata parvata ho isa nUtana nirmita vizAlakAya jinabiMbakI sthApanAke lie yogya sthAna hai, aisA socakara rAjA vIrapANDyane guru lalitakIrtike pAsa jAkara apane manake zubha vicArako unase nivedana kiyaa| lalitakIrtijI aura vIrapANDya apane ucca karmacAriyoMke sAtha tatkSaNa hI ukta parvatapara gye| bhAgyavaza guru lalitakIrtijIkI najara vahAMpara eka vizAla zilApara par3I aura abhISTa jinabiMba-nirmANake lie Apane usI zilAko upayukta btaayaa| 248
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________________ kArakalakA bhairarasa rAjavaMza rAjA vIrapANDyane gurukI sammatiko saharSa svIkAra kiyA aura jala, gaMdha, Adi uttama aSTadravyoMko maMgAkara usa zilAkI prAraMbhika pUjA kI / bAdameM bhaTTArakajIko maThapara pahuMcAyA evaM maMtrI, purohita, Adiko vidA kara rAjA vIrapANDya apane mahalapara calA aayaa| kucha samaya bAda eka roja vIrapANDyane zilpazAstrake marmajJa, kuzala kaI zilpiyoMko bulavAkara zrI bAhubalisvAmokI eka vizAlakAya bhavya pratimA taiyAra kara deneke lie sammAnapUrvaka prAjJA dii| zilpiyoMse mUrtinirmANa saMbandhI sUkSma parAmarza tathA vicAra-vinimayake bAda mUrtinirmANakAryakI dekha-rekha rAjAne apane putra yuvarAja kumArake hAthameM sauMpa dI / sAtha hI sAtha rAjAne jyotiSa zAstrake marmajJa apane sabhA-paNDitoMko bulavAkara isake prAraMbhake lie zubhamuhUrta niklvaayaa| vIrapANDya guru lalitakIrtijIke sAtha jinAlaya gayA aura pUjA, abhiSekAdike anaMtara prArabdha mUrtinirmANa kArya nirvighna saMpanna ho isalie aneka vrata, niyama, Adi svIkAra kiye / lalitakIrtijI, maMtrI, purohita, Adi rAjaparivArake sAtha vaha parvatapara gayA aura nirdiSTa zubha muhUrtameM abhiSeka-pUjAdi pUrvaka mUrtinirmANakA kArya prAraMbha karavAyA / mUrtinirmANakA kArya rAjakumArakI dekha-rekhameM nirvighna rUpase calatA rahA / bIca-bIcameM rAjA bhI jAkara yogya parAmarza diyA karatA thaa| dIrghakAlIna parizrama evaM pracura arthavyayase jaba mUrti tayAra huI taba rAjAko Thase parvatapara le jAne kI tIvra ciMtA huI / phalasvarUpa isake lie bIsa pahiyoMkI eka majabUta, evaM vizAla gAr3I tayAra karavAyI gayI / gAr3I tayAra hote hI dasa hajAra manuSyoM ne ikaDe hokara usa pratimAko gAr3Ipara caDhAyA / bar3I-bar3I majabUta rassiyoMko bAMdhakara rAjA, maMtrI purohita, senAnAyaka tathA ekatrita janasamudAya milakara vAdya evaM tumula jayaghoSake sAtha gAr3Iko UparakI ora khIMcane lge| dinabhara khIMcate rahane para bhI usa dina gAr3I thor3I hI dUra car3ha skii| sAyaMkAla hote hI haz2AroM khaMbhoMko gAr3akara gAr3I vahIM bAMdha dI gyii| dUsare dina prAtaH kAla hote hI phira kArya zurU huA / usa dina gAr3I kucha adhika dUra taka le jAyI gayI / isa prakAra eka mAsa taka kramase adhika-adhika khIMca-khIMca kara mUrti parvatake zikharapara pahuMcAyI gayI / rAjA aAgantukoMkA anna, phala, pAna, supArI, zrAdise yatheSTa satkAra karatA rahA / isa dhArmika udAratAko dekha kara janatA muktakaNThase usakI prazaMsA karatI rhii| pahAr3ake Upara mUrti 22 khaMbhoMse bane hue eka vizAla evaM suMdara asthAyI maNDapa meM padhArAyI gyii| aura pUrvavat rAjakumArake nirIkSaNameM lagAtAra eka sAla taka mUrti nirmANakA avaziSTa kArya sampanna hotA rahA / mUrtikI latA, nAsAgra dRSTi, Adi racanA kI pUrti pahAr3a para hI huii| mUrti nirmANa kArya samApta hote hI vIrapANDyane zilpiyoMko bhara-pUra bheMTa dI tathA saMtuSTa karake ghara bhejaa| isake bAda pahAr3a para maNDapa nirmANa karA kara zA0 zaka 1353 virodhikRta saMvatsara, phAlguna zuklA dvAdazI [ I0 san 1432, pharavarI tA0 13 ] ke sthira lagna meM zrI 1008 bAhubali 32 249
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha mUrti kI sthApanA bar3I dhUma dhAma se karAyI / isa biMba pratiSThotsava meM vijayanagarakA tatkAlIna zAsaka rAjA devarAja bhI sammilita huA thA / ' sus bhairavarAya [ I0 san 1505 ] yaha bar3A pratApI rAjA thaa| apane rAjyakAla meM svataMtra honeke lie isane phira eka bAra prayatna kiyA thA / para isameM ise saphalatA nahIM milo / kArakalakI 'caturmukha - basadi ' kA nirmANa isI ne karAyA thaa| yaha maMdira darzanIya hai aura kalA kI dRSTi se apanA vaiziSTya rakhatA hai / ise immaDi bhairavarAyane zA0 zaka 1508, I0 san 1586 meM banavAyA thA / isakA mUla nAma 'tribhuvanatilaka- caityAlaya' hai / yaha sArA maMdira zilAnirmita hai| isake cAroM tarapha eka-eka dvAra hai, isalie yaha caturmukha-basadi kahalAtA hai / pratyeka dvArameM ara, malli evaM munisuvra tIrthaMkaroM ko tIna pratimAe virAjamAna haiN| pazcima tarapha 24 tIrthaMkaroMkI 24 mUrtiyAM bhI sthApita haiM / inake atirikta donoM maNDapoMmeM bhI kaI jinabiMba haiM / dakSiNa aura vAma bhAga meM vartamAna brahma yakSa aura padmAvatI yakSaNIkI mUrtiyAM bar3I cittAkarSaka haiN| maMdira ke khaMbhoM evaM dIvAloM meM khude hue puSpa, latAeM aura bhinna-bhinna citra immaDi bhairavake kalA premako vyakta kara rahe haiM / dantokti hai ki ise bAraha - maMjilA banavAne kI usakI lAlasA thii| para vRddhAvasthA ke kAraNa apanA saMkalpa pUrNa nahIM kara sakA isa bAtakI puSTi maMdirakI banAvaTa bhI hotI hai| bhairavarAyane maMdirake lie 'tolAra' grAma dAnameM de diyA thA; jaisA ki pazcima dizA ke daravAje meM sthita zilAlekha se pramANita hotA hai| isa maMdira nirmANakA itihAsa bar3A hI rocaka hai / tribhuvana tilaka caityAlaya- san 1584 meM eka roja zRGgerI zaMkarAcArya maTha ke tatkAlIna pIThAdhIza zrI narasiMha bhAratI kArakalake mArgase kahIM jA rahe the| jaba yaha bAta bhairavarAyako mAlUma huI to unhoMne sammAna pUrvaka unase bheMTa kI aura navanirmita, pratiSThita, sundara jinamaMdirameM unheM ThaharAyA tathA svAmIjIko apanI rAjadhAnImeM kucha samaya taka Thaharaneke lie zrAgraha kiyaa| isa para bhAratIjIne uttara diyA ki jahAM para apane nitya karmAnuSThAnake lie devamaMdira nahIM hai, vahAM para maiM nahIM Thahara sktaa| isa uttarase rAjAko mArmika coTa lagI / phalasvarUpa jisa nUtana nirmita jina-maMdira meM bhAratIjI ThaharAye gaye the usImeM rAjAne tat-kSaNa 'zeSazAyI anantezvara viSNu bhagavAn kI eka sundara mUrti sthApita karA dii| yaha maMdira kArakala meM Aja bhI maujUda hai | kalAko dRSTise ukta mUrti bahuta sundara hai / yaha samAcAra jaba gurU lalitakIrtijIko jJAta huA, to rAjA bhairavarAyapara ve bahuta ruSTa hue| dUsare roja bhairavarAya pratidinakI taraha jaba lalitakIrtijIke darzanako gaye aura unheM namaskAra karane lage taba saMtuSTa bhaTTArakajIne khar3AUM sahita pairoMse unheM ThukarA diyA / sAtha hI sAtha kahane lage ki tuma jainadharmadrohI ho / rAjAne hAtha jor3akara namratA se prArthanA kI 1 - vizeSa ke liye jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga 5, kiraNa 2 dekheM / 250
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________________ kArakalakA bhairarasa rAjavaMza ki sabhI dharmoMko eka-dRSTise dekhanA rAjAkA dharma hai| isIlie jainamaMdira vaidikoMko de diyA: mere aparAdhoMko kSamA kareM / sAtha hI sAtha bhaTTArakajIke samakSa rAjAne yaha pratijJA kI ki ekahI sAla ke aMdara maiM dUsarA isase bhI adhika prazasta jinamaMdira tayAra karavA dUMgA, jisase mujhe abhyudaya evaM nizreyasakI prApti ho / isa pratijJAse baddha hokara bhairavarAyane eka sAlake bhItara isa 'tribhuvana tilaka' jinacaityAlayakA nirmANa karAyA thA / yaha maMdira jainamaThake sAmane uttara dizAmeM hai| uparyukta zAsakoMke atirikta abhinava pANDyadeva', hiriya bhairavadeva' Adi rAjAoMne bhI jainadharmakI acchI prabhAvanA kI hai / zAsaka hI nahIM, isa vaMzameM kaI vIra zAsikAeM bhI huI haiM / bhairarasoMkI sabhAmeM vidvAnoMkA bhI acchA aAdara thaa| isakA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki isa vaMzake kaI zAsaka svayaM bhI acche kavi the bhavyAnanda-zAstra' ke racayitA pANDya kSamApati, kriyAnighaNTa' ke praNetA vIrapANDya, Adi isa bAta ke sAkSI haiM / bhavyAnanda-zAstra choTAsA subhASita graMtha hai / usa samayake saMskRta kaviyoMmeM lalitakIrti, nAgacaMdra, devacandra, kalyANakIrti, zrAdi tathA kannaDa kaviyoMmeM ratnAkara, candrama, zrAdike nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| ina kaviyoMmeM nAgacandrane 'viSApahArastotraTIkA', kalyANakIrtine 'jinayajJaphalodaya', [saM0]3 'jJAnacandrAbhyudaya', 'kAmanakathe', 'anuprekSe', 'yazodharacarite,' 'phaNikumAracarite', 'jinastuti', 'tattvabhedASTaka', siddharAzi' aura 'cinmayacintAmaNi' [ka0] ratnAkarane 'bharatezvaravaibhava' aura 'zatakatraya' [ratnAkara zataka, aparAjitezvara zataka aura triloka zataka]4 tathA candramane 'gommaTezvaracarite5' 'jainAcAra', Adi kI racanA kI thii| kArakalake zeSa jaina smArakoMkA saMkSipta paricaya nimna prakAra hai maThakI pUrvadizAmeM thor3I dUra para eka pArzvanAtha basadi hai, jo 'bommarAya-basadi' nAmase vizruta hai, bAhubaliparvata para car3hate hue bIcameM eka choTA maMdira hai| isakA bhI nAma 'pArzvanAtha-basadi' hai| parvata para bAhubalI svAmIke sAmane dAhinI aura bAyIM tarapha zItalanAtha evaM pArzvanAtha tIrthaMkaroMke do maMdira haiN| hiriyaMgar3i jAte samaya mArgameM kramazaH zramaNa yA candranAtha basadi, Anekere basadi aura aramane basadi ye tIna mandira milate haiM / aAnakere basadimeM candranAtha, zAntinAtha aura vardhamAna tIrthaMkaroMkI pratimAeM tathA aramane basadimeM AdinAtha tIrthaMkarakI pratimA virAjamAna hai| hiriyaMgar3imeM vAma pArzvakI dakSiNa dizAmeM 1 I0 san 1457 meM kArakalake hiriyaMgaDistha nemIzvara basadiko datta dAnapatra / 2 I0 san 1462 meM mUDabidrIke hosabasadiko datta dAnapatra / 3 vizeSake lie dRSTavya 'prshsti-sNgrh| 4 ratnAkarake saba granthoMkA hindI anuvAda solApurase prakAzita ho cukA hai| 5 'jaina-siddhAnta-bhAskara' bhAga 5, kiraNa 2 dekheM / 251
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha zrAdinAtha evaM pArzvanAtha basadi aura dakSiNa pArzvakI uttara dizAmeM pArzvanAtha aura AdinAtha devAlaya haiM / isI hiriyaMgaDike hAteke bhItara bAyIM ora dakSiNa dizAmeM AdinAtha, anantanAtha tathA dharma-zAntikuMthu tIrthaMkaroMke tIna maMdira haiM / isa antima maMdirake bagalameM eka niSIdhikA banI huI hai, jisameM kamazaH nimnalikhita vyaktiyoMkI mUrtiyAM aura nAma aMkita hai-1, kumudacandra bha0 2, hemacandra bha. 3, cArukIrti paNDitadeva 4, zrutamuni 5, dharmabhUSaNa bha0 6, pUjyapAda svaamii| nIcekI paMktimeM kramazaH 1, vimalasUri bha0 2, zrIkIrti bha0 3, siddhAntadeva, 4, cArukIrtideva 5, mahAkIrti mahendra kIrti / isa prakAra ukta ina vyaktiyoMkI mUrtiyAM chaha chahake hisAbase tIna-tIna yugalarUpameM bAraha mUrtiyAM khudo haiM / hiriyaMgaDikA vizAla evaM unnata mAnastaMbha bahuta hI sundara hai| yaha mAnastaMbha neminAtha bhagavAnke vizAla evaM bhavya mandirake sAmane sthita hai| 252
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________________ gvAliyarakA tomara vaMza aura usakI kalA zrI hariharanivAsa dvivedI, ema0 e0, elaela0 bI0 prabhAtakAlIna tArAgaNoMke sAmAna madhyakAlameM bhAratIya rAjavaMza maslima-saubhAgya-sUryakI kiraNoMke pravAhameM vilIna hote gaye / dezake vibhinna bhAgoM meM aneka choTe choTe rAjya sthApita hogaye the| inameM se aneka vaMzoMkA itihAsa unakI vIratAke kAraNa to mahattva rakhatA hI hai parantu Aja bhI unase nirmANa kI huI kalAkRtiyAM milatI haiM jo unakI ora hamArI jijJAsA jAgrata kara detI haiM / gvAliyara-gadapara sthita madhyakAlIna sthApatya kalAke rasa mAnamaMdirako dekhakara tathA vizAlakAya evaM prazAnta mukha-mudrA-mayI tIrthaMkaroMkI caraNa-caukiyoMpara ullikhita abhilekhoMko dekhakara yaha jAnanekI icchA prAkRtika rUpase utpanna hotI hai ki ina kRtiyoMke nirmAtA kauna the ? tomara rAjyakA udaya gvAliyarapara san 1375 se prAyaH savA sau varSataka tomaroMkA rAjya rhaa| isa vaMzake vIrasiMha, uddharaNadeva, vikramadeva, gaNapatideva, DragarendrasiMha, kIrtisiMha aura mAnasiMhake nAma advitIya vIroM evaM kalAke AzrayadAtAoMke rUpameM Aja bhI prasiddha haiM / taimUra laMgake aAkramaNake samaya bhAratakI muslima sattA DAMvADola ho gayI thii| isI samaya vIrasiMha tomarane gvAliyara-gar3hapara adhikAra kara liyA aura mAnasiMha tomara taka inakA pratApI vaMza svataMtra rAjAke rUpameM rAjya karatA rahA / mahArAja mAnasiMhakI mRtyuke pazcAt tomaroMkI svataMtra sattA tirohita ho gyii| mAnasiMhake putra vikramAsiMha lodiyoM ke adhIna ho gaye aura ve lodiyoMkI aorase pAnIpatakI yuddha bhUmimeM lar3e bhI the / DUMgarendradeva-- tomaravaMzake rAjyakI sthApanA hote hI use par3osI sultAnoMse lohA lenA par3A aura yaha yuddha anavarata rUpase calatA hI rahA / uddharaNadeva, vikramadeva, gaNapatidevake rAjyakAlakI koI ghaTanA jJAta nahIM, parantu DUgarendradevako mAlavAkA huzaMgazAha aura dillIkA mubArakazAha satata kaSTa dete rahe the| huzaMgazAhase pIchA chur3Aneko use mubArikazAhakI sahAyatA lenI par3I thI aura use kara bhI denA par3A thaa| garendrasiMha apane bAhubala aura rAjanItika buddhike dvArA apanI svataMtra sattAko kAyama rakha sake 253
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha the / inhoMne naravaragaDhako jItanekA asaphala prayAsa kiyA thA, aura Age calakara naravaragar3ha tomaroMke adhIna ho bhI avazya gayA thA; kyoMki vahAMke jaya-staMbha para tomaroMkI vaMzAvalI utkIrNa hai / DUMgarendradevakA jainadharmako protsAhana DUMgarendradeva apanI rAjanItika cAturI evaM vIratAke lie to prasiddha haiM hI, sAtha hI unakA nAma gvAliyara-gaDhakI jainamUrtiyoM ke nirmAtAke rUpameM bhI amara rahe gA / unake rAjyakAlameM ina advitIya pratimAaoMkA nirmANa prAraMbha ho gayA thA / ina mahArAjake kAla meM aneka samRddha bhaktoMne apanI zraddhA evaM sAmarthyake anurUpa vizAla jaina pratimAoMkA nirmANa kiyA aura ina pratimAnoMkI caraNa caukiyoMpara apane sAtha apane narezakA bhI ullekha kara diyA / vikrama saMvat 1497 tathA 1510 kI kucha mUrtiyoMkI caraNa caukIpara unake nirmANa saMvatke sAtha sAtha gopAcala durga, mahArAja DUMgarendrasiMhakA ullekha hai / pitRpAdAnugAmI kIrtisiMha-- __ mahArAja DUMgarendradevake tIsa varSake zAsanakAlake pazcAt unake putra kIrtisiMhakA rAjya prAraMbha huA / unheM bhI apane 25 varSake lambe rAjyakAlameM kabhI jaunapura aura kabhI dillIke sultAnoMko mitra banAnA par3A / ina mahArAjake kAlameM gvAliyara gar3hakI zeSa jaina pratimAoMkA nirmANa huaa| gopagirikI jainamartiyAM-- ___ gvAliyara gar3hakI ina pratimAoMko 5 bhAgoMmeM vibhAjita kiyA jAsakatA hai--(1) uravAhI samUha (2) dakSiNa-pazcima samUha (3) uttara-pazcima samUha (4) uttara-pUrva samUha tathA (5) dakSiNa-pUrvI samUha / inameM se uravAhI dvArake evaM kiMga jArja pArkake pAsake samUha atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiM / uravAhI samUha apanI vizAlatAse evaM dakSiNa pUrvakA samUha apanI alaMkRta kalA dvArA dhyAna AkarSita karatA hai / uravAhI jaina pratimAeM uravAhI samUhameM 22 pratimAeM haiM jinameM chaha para saMvat 1497 se 1510 ke bIcake abhilekha khude haiM / inameM sabase UMcI khar3I pratimA 20 nambarakI hai / ise bAbarane 20 gajakA anumAna kiyA thA parantu vAstavameM yaha 57 phITa UMcI hai| caraNoMke pAsa yaha 9 phITa caur3I hai| 22 nambarakI neminAthajI kI mUrti baiThI huI banI huI hai jo 30 phITa UMcI hai| 17 nambarakI pratimA para tathA AdinAthakI pratimAkI caraNa caukI para DUMgarendra devake rAjyakAlakA saMvat 1467 kA lambA abhilekha khudA hai| dakSiNa-pazcimake jinabimba-- dUsarA dakSiNa-pazcimakA samUha eka-khaMbhA tAlake nIce uravAhI dIvAla ke bAharakI zilA para hai| isa samUhameM pAMca mUrtiyAM pradhAna haiM / 2 nambarakI strI-pratimA leTI huI 8 phITa lambI hai / isa para aopa kiyA 254
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________________ gvAliyarakA tomaravaMza aura usakI kalA hai / yaha pratimA trizalA mAtAkI jJAta hotI hai / 3 nambarake pratimA - samUha meM eka strI- puruSa tathA bAlaka haiM / yaha saMbhavata: mahArAja sidvArtha, mAtA trizalA tathA mahAvIra svAmI kI haiN| uttara pazcimakI mUrtiyAM- uttara pazcima samUhameM kevala AdinAthakI eka pratimA mahatvapUrNa hai kyoMki isa para saM0 1527 kA eka abhilekha khudA huA hai / isI prakAra uttara-pUrva samUha bhI kalA kI dRSTise mahattvahIna hai / mUrtiyAM choTI choTI haiM aura una para koI lekha nahIM hai / dakSiNa pUrvI kalAmaya vizAla mUrtiyAM- dakSiNa-pUrvI samUha mUrtikalAkI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai / yaha mUrti samUha phUlabAgake gvAliyara daravAjese nikalate hI lagabhaga AdhamIla taka caTTAnoMpara khudI huI dikhatI haiN| inameM se lagabhaga 20 pratimAeM 20 phuTa se 30 phuTa taka UMcI haiM aura itanI hI 8 se 15 phuTa taka UMcI haiN| inameM AdinAtha neminAtha, supadma (padmaprabhu ), candraprabhu, sambhU ( saMbhava ) nAtha, neminAtha, mahAvIra, kumbha ( kuntha ) nAtha kI mUrtiyAM haiM jinameM se kucha para saMvat 1525 se 1530 takake abhilekha khude haiM / jaisA pahale likhA jA cukA hai Dra' garendrasiMha tathA kortisiMha ke zAsanakAla meM IsavI sana 1440 tathA 1473 ke bIcameM gvAliyara gar3hakI saMpUrNa pratimAoM kA nirmANa huA hai / isa vizAla gar3hakI prAyaH pratyeka caTTAnako khodakara utkIrNakane apane apAra dhairyakA paricaya diyA hai aura ina do narezoM ke rAjyameM jaina-dharmako jo prazraya milA aura usake dvArA mUrtikalA kA jo vikAsa huA usakI ye bhAvamayI pratimAeM pratIka haiN| tIsa varSa ke thor3e samaya meM hI gar3hakI pratyeka mUka evaM beDaula caTTAna mahAnatA, zAMti evaM tapasyA kI bhAvanA mukharita ho uThI / pratyeka nirmANakartA aisI pratimAkA nirmANa karAnA cAhatA thA jo usakI zraddhA evaM bhakti ke anupAta meM hI vizAla ho aura utkIrNakane usa vizAlatAmeM saundaryakI puTa dekara kalAkI pUrva kRtiyAM khar3I kara diiN| choTI mUrtiyoM meM jisa bArIkI evaM kauzalakI AvazyakatA hotI hai, vaha aura anupAta ina pratimAoM meM adhikatara dikhAyI detA hai / mUrtibhaJjaka bAbara ina mUrtiyoMke nirmANake lagabhaga 60 varSa pazcAt hI bAbarakI vakradRSTi inapara par3I / san 1527 meM usane uravAhI dvArakI pratimAoM ko dhvasta kraayaa| isa ghaTanAkA bAbara ne apanI AtmakathAmeM bar3e gauravake sAtha ullekha kiyA hai / bAbara ke sAthiyoMne una mUrtiyoM ke mukha tor3a diye the jo pIche se jainiyoM dvArA banavA diye gaye / astu / 255
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha mahArAja mAnasiha-- kIrtisiMhake pazcAt kalyANamala rAjA huaaa| usake rAjyakAlakI koI ullekhanIya ghaTanA jJAta nahIM paraMtu inake putra mAnasiMha tomara atyanta pratApazAlI tathA kalApriya nareza the / inake rAjyakAlameM dillIke bahalola lodIne gvAliyarapara aAkramaNa prAraMbha kara diye| kUTanItise aura kabhI dhana dekara mAnasiMhane isa saMkaTase pIchA chudd'aayaa| bahalola 1489 meM marA aura usake pazcAt sikaMdara lodI gaddIpara baiThA / isakI gvAliyarapara dRSTi thI parantu usane isa prabala rAjAkI aora prAraMbhameM maitrIkA hI hAtha bar3hAyA aura rAjAko ghor3A tathA pozAka bhejI / mAnasiMhane bhI eka hajAra ghur3asavAroMke sAtha apane bhatIjeko bheMTa lekara sulatAnase milane bayAnA bhejaa| isa prakAra mahArAja mAnasiMha san 1507 taka niSkaMTaka rAjya kara sake / 1501 meM tomaroMke rAjadUta nihAlase kruddha hokara sikaMdara lodIne gvAliyarapara AkramaNa kiyA / mAnasiMhane dhana dekara evaM apane putra vikramAdityako bhejakara sulaha kara lii| san 1505 meM sikaMdara lodIne phira gvAliyarapara aAkramaNa kiyA / mAnasiMhane dhana dekara evaM apane putra vikramAdityako bhejakara sulaha kara lo / san 1505 meM sikaMdara lodIne phira gvAliyarapara AkramaNa kara diyA / abakI bAra gvAliyarane sikaMdarake acchI taraha dAMta khaTTe kiye / usakI rasada kATa dI gayI aura bar3I duravasthAke sAtha vaha bhAgA / sana 1517 taka phira rAjA mAnasiMhako caina milaa| parantu isa bAra sikaMdarane pUrNa saMkalpake sAtha gvAliyara para AkramaNa karanekI taiyArI kI / taiyArI kara hI rahA thA ki sikaMdara mara gayA / tomara vaMzakA asta-- sikaMdarake bAda ibrAhIma lodI gaddIpara baiThA / rAjya saMbhAlate hI usake hRdayameM gvAliyara gar3ha. lenekI mahattvAkAMkSA jAgrata huI / use apane pitA sikaMdara aura prapitA bahalolakI isa mahatvAkAMkSAmeM asaphala honekI kathA jJAta hI thI ataH usane apanI saMpUrNa zaktise taiyArI kI / jaba gar3ha ghirA huA thA usI samaya mAnasiMhakI mRtyu ho gayI / mAnasiMhake pazcAt tomara lodiyoMke adhIna ho gye| vikramAditya tomara apane nAmameM nihita svAtaMtryakI bhAvanAko nibhA na sake / mAnasiMha jitane bar3e yoddhA the utane hI bar3e prajA hitaiSI tathA kalApremI the / zrAja gvAliyarake tamaraghArameM mAnasiMhakA nAma vIra vikramAdityake samAna hI prakhyAta hai aura unakI kathAeM Aja bhI sarvasAdhAraNameM pracalita haiN| gUjari mRganayanA-- ___ mAnasiMha aura gUjarI mRganayanAkI prema kathA jahAM zrAja jana-mana-raMjana karatI hai vahAM usakA mUrta rUpa gUjarImahala Aja bhI usa prema kathAko amara kara rahA hai / kahate haiM mahArAja mAnasiMha eka dina 256
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________________ gvAliyarakA tomaravaMza aura usakI kalA mRgayAko gae / unhoMne eka apUrva suMdarIko jaMgalI bhaiMsoMko parAsta karate dekhA / adbhuta rUpa aura apAra balakI usa mUrtiko dekhakara mahArAja usapara mohita ho gaye aura usako rAnI banAne kA saMkalpa kiyA / usa gUjara-kanyAkA nAma mRganayanA thA / usake lie gUjarI mahala pRthak banavAyA gayA aura usakI icchAnusAra usake grAma rAIse usake mahala taka pAnIkA nala lagavAyA gayA / saMgIta prema mahArAja mAnasiMha saMgItake bhI bahuta premI the / inake kAla meM 'mAnakutUhala' nAmaka eka saMgIta isase jJAta hotA hai ki 'dhrupada' kA aviSkAra inhIM mahArAjane kiyA / inake samaya prasiddha gAyaka inakI sabhA meM ekatrita hue the aura unakI salAha se hI yaha graMtha graMtha kI racanA huii| samasta bhArata deza ke likhA gayA thA / citra - ( mAna ) mahala - mAnasiMha dvArA nirmita 'citramahala' jise aba 'mAnamaMdira' kahate haiM hindU sthApatyakalAkA gvAliyara meM hI nahIM, sampUrNa bhArata meM apratima udAharaNa hai / madhyakAla ke bhavanoM meM yA to mandira maTha prApta hote haiM yA atyaMta dhvasta bhavana prApta hue haiN| rAjapUtoMke jo prAsAda milate bhI haiM ve mugaloMke samakAlona yA unake pazcAt ke honeke kAraNa una para mugala- kalAkA prabhAva spaSTatayA dRSTigocara hotA hai / yaha pUrva- mugalakAlIna rAjamahala hI eka aisA udAharaNa hai jo vizuddha bhAratIya zailImeM banA hai aura nizcaya hI jisane mugala sthApatya kalAko prabhAvita kiyA hai / isa mahalako sajAne ke lie atyanta suMdara utkIrNana evaM citrakArIkA upayoga kiyA gayA hai / sArA mahala kabhI suMdara citroMse suzobhita thA / ye citra va bilkula naSTa ho gaye haiM parantu zrAja bhI isa raMgamahalakI nAnotpala racita citrakArI apane caTakIle raMgoMse cittako AkarSita karatI hai / itanI hI zatAbdiyoMke pazcAt bhI inake raMga jyoM ke tyoM bane hue haiN| dakSiNI evaM pUrvI pArzva meM nAnotpalakhacita haMsa evaM kadalIkI paMktiyAM, vRkSa, siMha, hAthI, Adi atyaMta manorama haiM / mAnamaMdira ke prAMganoM evaM jharokhoMmeM atyaMta suMdara khudAyIkA kAma hai / zrAMganoM meM khaMbhoM, bhItoM, tor3oM, gokhoMmeM sundara puSpoM, mayUroM, siMha, makara, AdikI khudAyI kI gayI hai / isa mahalakI nAnotpalakhacita citrakArI, isameM milane vAlI utkIrNaka kI chainIkA kauzala ise bhAratakI mahAnatama kalAkRtiyoM meM rakhatA / isake dakSiNI pArzvakI kArIgarIko dekhakara kahA jA sakatA hai ki mAnasiMha 'hindU zAhajahAM' thA, jisake pAsa na to zAdajahAMkA sAmrAjya tathA vaibhava thA 33 257
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________________ varNI abhinandana-grantha aura na vaha zAMti; anyathA vaha usase kahIM acche bhavana nirmANa kara jAtA / isa prAsAda ke nirmANa se mugala vAdazAhoMne paryApta sphUrti prApta kI hogI / bAbarane apanI jIvanI meM isa mahalakI bhUri bhUri prazaMsA kI hai| saMbhavataH zrAgarAkI nAnotpalakhacita kArIgarImeM gvAliyara ke kArIgaroMkA yoga avazya hogA aura AgarA tathA sIkarIkA sthApatya isa mahala se spaSThataH prabhAvita hai / bAbarako isa mahalakA choTApana kharA hai / parantu yaha na bhUlanA cAhie ki yaha nirmANa una mahArAjA mAnasiMhane karAyA hai jinake siMha dvAra para zatru satata prahAra karatA rahatA thA aura jise apane citramahalako bhI yaha socakara banAnA par3A hogA ki avasara par3ane para usameM rAjapUta ramaNiyAM apanI rakSA bhI kara sakeM / 258
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________________ prAcIna siMdhaprAntameM jainadharmazrI agaracandra nAhaTA bhAratake grAma, nagara, janapada, zrAdikA itihAsa aba bhI andhakArameM hai| jainadharmake pracAraka sAdhugaNa sadA paidala ghUmate rahate the phalataH unheM dezake kone konekA sakSAt paricaya rahatA thA / phalataH unakI paTTAvaliyAM, vividha prazastiyAM, Adi prAcIna bhAratake bhUgolako taiyAra karanemeM vizeSa sAdhaka haiM / yahI dRSTi isa lekhakI preraka hai| jainadharmameM kaI sampradAya haiM, pratyeka sampradAyameM aneka gaccha, zAkhA, Adi haiM / phalataH yahAM kevala sindhaprAnta aura usameM bhI kevala 'kharataragaccha' ko lekara sAmagrI saMkalita kI hai| bha0 mahAvIrakA samakAlIna sindha-- bhAratakI prasiddha nadiyAM gaMgA-sindhuko jainazAstroMmeM zAzvata kahA hai| inakI itanI pradhAnatA thI ki sindhuke kinAre basA prAnta hI sindhu ho gayA thA tathA grIka AkramaNakAriyoMne to pUre bhAratako hI isa nadIke nAmAnusAra pukAranA prArambha kara diyA thaa| pannavaNA sUtrameM diye Arya dezoM meM 'sindhuprAnta' kA bhI nAma hai / isakI rAjadhAnI vItabhayapattana (bheharA) thii| bhagavAna mahAvIrake sayayameM isakA zAsaka udayana thA / jisakI paTarAnI padmAvatIke atirikta prabhAvatI, Adi aneka rAniyAM thiiN| usake prabhAvatose abhIcikumAra nAmakA putra utpanna huA thaa| udayanake rAjyameM sindhu, sauvIra, Adi solaha janapada tathA 363 nagara the| mahAsena, Adi daza mukuTadhArI rAjA usake sAmanta the / udayana jaina zramaNoMke upAsaka the / ekabAra pauSadhazAlAmeM rAtri jAgaraNa karate samaya unake manameM AyA 'vaha deza dhanya hai jahAM vIra prabhukA vihAra ho rahA hai| mere vItabhaya nagarameM padhAreM to maiM bhI vaiyAvRtya karUM / campAmeM virAjamAna vIraprabhuke divyajJAnameM ukta abhilASA jhalakI aura samavazaraNa sindhakI rAjadhAnImeM jA phuNcaa| rAjA virakta huaA, putrakA rAjyAbhiSeka karanA cAhA, vicAra AyA rAjya pAkara putrabhoga vilAsameM par3a jAyagA isa prakAra maiM usake saMsAra bhramaNakA nimitta banUgA / ataH apane bhAnaje kezarI 1---jaina sAhitya vizAla hai ataH merA varNana eka sampradAya vizeSake sAhityakA Azraya lekara hai| 2-zrI bhagavatIsUtra zataka 13, uddeza 6 / 259
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha kumArako rAjya de diyaa| rAjaputra abhIcikumAra bhI campAke rAjA 'koNika' ke pAsa calA gayA aura pitAse vairabhAva rakhatA huA vahIM sallekhanA pUrvaka marA tathA asurakumAra deva huA / isa prakAra isa yugameM jainadharmakA sindhameM punaH pracAra huaA thA / isake pazcAta bhI paMjAbameM aneka jainamuni Ate rahe haiM / inakI tAlikA munidarzana vijayajIne "paMjAbameM jainadharma' zIrSaka lekhameM dI thI, kintu bhrAnta tathA saMdigdha honeke kAraNa maiM usakA ullekha nahIM karUgA' / udyotana sUrI kRta "kuvalaya mAlA"( vi0 saM0 835 ) se patA calatA hai ki candrabhAgA ke tIrapara pavvaiyA; vartamAna cAcara nagarI thii| isa nagarIke rAjA torarAyake guru haribhakta sUri the / yadi torarAya toramANa the to haribhadra sUrikA samaya vi0800 na hokara 556-589 vi0 ke Age pIche honA cAhiye / arthAt isa samaya cAcarake aAsapAsa (sAkala ke AsapAsa nahIM) jaina AcAryoMkA acchA prabhAva thaa| iso antarAlameM upakeza gaccha ke kucha prAcArya sindha gaye the aisA isa gacchake caritrase patA lagatA hai / kintu isakA samarthaka koI samakAlIna pramANa nahIM hai / kharataragaccha sindhameM gaNadhara sArddhazataka (saM0 1295) tathA vRhadvatti meM ullekha hai ki kharatara gacchake prAcArya vallabhasUri kAmarukkoTa tathA jinadattasUri uccanagara gaye the| isake bAda isa gacchake muniyoMke sindha AvAgamanakI dhArA aviralarUpase bahatI rahI jaisA ki Ageke vivaraNase spaSTa hai / itAnA hI nahIM isa gacchakA sindhase sAkSAt sambandha eka dazaka pahile taka rahA hai| yati pUnamacandrajI kA svargavAsa abhI huA hai inake pUrvaja gata 300 varSase vahAMke gurupadako suzobhita karate Aye the / kharatara gacchakI rudrapallIpa begar3a, prAcArya, Adi zAkhAoMke viSaya meM na likhakara yahAM para kevala jinabhadrasUri zAkhAse sambaddha sAmagrI kA hI saMkalana kiyA hai / aMcalagacchake yaticandra dvArA racita karmagranthakI "bAlabodha bhASATIkA, tapA gacchake prAcArya somasundara sUrikA 'nava tattvAloka bodha' lokAM gacchakI uttara zAkhAkA 'uttarArdhagaccha' nAma, ina gacchoMke pAJcAla-sambandhake sUcaka haiM / isake atirikta kharatara gacchIya prAcAryoMne 1 takSazilAke stRpakA nirmAtA saMprati thA / kAlikAcAryakA pAJcAla vihAra, Adi bhrAntiyoM ke udAharaNa haiN| 2 sindhI granthamAlAmeM muni jinavijayajI dvArA smpaadit| . 3 upakezigaccha prabandhameM zrIkakkasUri, padyaprabha upAdhyAya, devadatta sUri, Adike upAkhyAna / 4 kitane hI sthAna aba sindhameM nahIM haiM, pahile the phalataH maiMne AsapAsake saba hI sthAnoMkA ullekha kiyA hai| 5 gAyakabAr3a granthamAlA (bar3AdA ) meM prakAzita "apabhraMza kaavytryii|' 6 munidarzanavijayajIkI inake viSayakI mAnyatAeM poSaka pramANa na honese nirAdhAra hai| 260
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________________ prAcIna siMdhaprAntameM jainadharma sindhI bhASAmeM bhI racanAeM kI thI jaisA ki kavivara samayasundara sUrike 'mRgAvatI caupAI', jaTamala tathA samarathakI 'vakhanI' Adi se spaSTa hai / __ kisI samaya sindhaprAnta jainaukA gar3ha thA / yadyapi Aja jainI vahAM bahuta virala ho gaye haiM tathApi kitanI hI jagaha jaina mandira, upAzraya, Adi durdazA grasta hokara par3e haiM / gaNadhara sArddhazataka vRhadavRtti, vijJapti triveNI pahAvaliyAM, vahAM racita grantha, vahAM para kI gayIM granthoMkI vividha pratilipiyAM tathA AdezapatroMkI bahulatA ukta anumAnako svayaM siddha kara detI haiM / dharmapracArake sambandhase ullikhita katipaya sthAna-- vistRta varNanake vinA hI nimnAGkita sthAnoMkI tAlikA isa tathyakI sAkSI hai ki 11 vIM zatIke madhyase hI sindha prAnta dharma vihAra meM rata jainAcAryoMkA kAryakSetra ho gayA thaa| kramAMka sthAna vi0 samvat prAcArya viziSTa ghaTanA 1 marUkoTa (mAroTha) 1130 zrI jinavallabhasUrI bhANumandira pratiSThA, Adi 2 uccanagara 1167 zrI jinadatta sUrI bhUta-pratibodha, dharmadIkSA, Adi 3 vIThapahiNDA ( bhaTiNDA) 1170 ,, zravikA-sandeha nivAraNa, Adi 4 nagarakoTa 1173 zrI jinapAlopAdhyAya zAstrArtha vijaya, pratiSThA, Adi 5 devarAjapura ( derAvara) 1173 zrI jinacandra sUrI sAdhudIkSA, pratiSTA, Adi 6 kyAsapura 1173 dIkSotsava, Adi 71 bahirAmapura 1384 zrI jinakuzala sUrI pArvavidhi mandira bandanA, Adi 8 mAlikapura devarAjapura utsavameM yogadAna, Adi 9 khojAvAhana 1386 dharmopadeza, vihAra, Adi 10 silAravAhana dharmaprabhAvanA, vihAra, Adi 11 rANukakoTa 1384 jinabimba pratiSThA, Adi 11 parazurorakoTa 1380 jinakuzala sUrI kA vihAra * 13 sarasvatIpattana 1422 zrI saMghatilakAcArya samyaktavasaptati,Adi10 grantha race 14 nandanavanapura 1468 zrI varddhamAna sUrI acAra dinakara racanA, devabandana, 15 mammaNavAhaNa 9483 zrI jayasAgaropAdhyAya caturmAsa 16 drohar3oTTA (har3a) 1483 zrI jayasAgaropAdhyAya caturmAsa, granthaTIkA, Adi 17 pharIdapura 1483 , saMdhayAtrA , Adi 18 mAbArakhapura dharmaprabhAvanA, bhUtisthApanA ,, 1 ye sAto sthAna nyUnAdhika rUpameM jaina saMskRtikI lIlAke pradhAna kendra rahe haiN| 261
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha mahAvIra 1646 16 nizcindIpura 1484 sultAnake dIvAnako dharmApadeza 20 talapATaka (talavAr3A) saMghayAtrA bihAra vinaya 21 malikavAhaNapura ,, caturmAsa, grantharacanA 22 kaMgadaka durga (kAMgar3A) AdinAtha mandira bandanA 23 gopAcalapura zAntinAtha " " 24 koTilagrAma pArzvanAtha , , 25 koThIpura 26 devapAlapura pravezotsava, caturmAsa 27 hisAra 1547 zrI kSemarAja upAdhyAya upadeza sa0 granthAdi racanA 28 mulatAna' , jinacandra sUri grantha racanA, dharmayAtrA, Adi 26 kasurapura 1647 vihAra 30 lAhaura 1648 zrI vAcaka mahimarAja zAnti stavana, caturmAsa, grantharacanA 31 hApANaI ,, jinacandrasUri vihAra 32 kAzmIra (gajanI golakuMja) ,, ,, bAbA mAnasiMha 33 rohatAsapura 34 zrInagara ,, (lauTate samaya) 35 canduvaili pattana 1652 zrI jinacandra sUri ,, dharmotsava 36 tosAmapura 1656 upAdhyAya guNavinaya grantharacanA 37 hAjI khAnaDerA 1660 zrI yazakuzala sUri svargavAsa, grantharacanA 38 zItapura ( siddhapura) 1669 , samayasundara upAdhyAya dharmapracAra, granthara canA 36 kirahora 1692 vimalakIrti svargArohaNa 40 sAmuhI 1694 grantharacanA 1. zrI dharmapramodane caityabandana bhASyavRtti tattvArtha dIpikA (1646), kanakasomane maMgalakalaza co0 (1648), zrI jayanidhAnane surapriyarAsa (1665), padmarAjane kSulaka cau0 tathA stavana (1667), samayasundarane mRgAvatI rAsa tathA karmachattIsI (1668), jJAnacandrane RSidattA cau0 (1674), rAjahaMsane vijayaseTha cau0 (1682), vimalakIrtine pratikramaNa ga0 stavana (1680), jina samudrasUrine AtamakaraNI saMvAda (1711), sumatiraMgane mohaviveka cau0 (1722), harikeza cau0 (1727), tathA jambU cau0 (1729), raMgapramodane capaka cau0 (1715), vinayalAbhane vaccharAja cau0 (1737) dharmamandirane dayAdIpikA cau0 (1740) mohavivekarAsa (1741) tathA paramAtmaprakAza cau0 (1742), devacandrane dharmadIpikA cau0 (1766) tathA mAyAnyAyane navatattva bhagavAnI-stavana bnaayaa| 262
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________________ 41 sakkInagara ( bannU deza ) 1709 42 meharA 1722 43 thaTTA 44 kaMDavArA 45 gAjIpura 46 jAlipura karAyI gyiiN| yathA kra0 sthAna 1 mulatAna 2 mAroTha 3 sarasA 4 bheharA 5 sItApura 6 hAjIkhAnaDerA 2 khAravArA 8 uccanagara 6 zItapura 10 kirahora zrI jinacandra sUri rAmacandra 11 devarAjapura 12 mojagar3ha 13 bAhAlapura 14 lamAnagara 15 bAMgA 16 ludhiyAna 17 bannU " 1699 zrAvaka lakhamasI 1755 zrI jinacandrasUri 1718 1755 OM janasamudra sUriM "" samaratha grantha pratilipiyoMke katipaya sthAna inake atirikta aise sthAnoM kI bhI pracura mAtrA hai jahAM para aneka granthoM kI pratilipiyAM "" kAla (vi0 saM0) 1643-1656 1639 - 1615 1731-1877 1732-1777 1663 1675-1873 1744 1649 - 1715 1678 1684-1713 1617-1663 1748-1878 1843 - 1854 1804 1801-1882 1855 1745-1761 prAcIna siMdha prAnta meM jainadharma grantharacanA (zrauraMgazAha ke rAjya meM ) sAmudrikabhASA grantha racanA, Adi trilokasundarI maMgalakalaza bhImasena cau0 1 'nAhaTA granthabhaNDAra' meM saMkalita granthoMke AdhArapara / 263 grantha racanA rasikapriyAparaTIkA grantha saMkhpA 59 56 14 2 1 10 1 1 2 2 17 2 10 1 ,, 2 "
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha 18 navaraMgakhAMkoTa 1746 16 dunniyApura 1675 20 DerAisamAilakhAM 1722-1808 21 DerAgAjIkhAM 1758-1873 22 sakkInagara 1733-1848 23 amarasara 1607-1890 24 malasthAna 1740-1744 25 lAmapura 1648 26 lAhora 17 vIM zatI 27 hisAra 1506 28 syAlakoTa 1814-1838 26 rAvalapiNDI 18 vIM zatI 30 paTiyAlA 1875-1878 31 pharIdakoTa 1818 katipaya caturmAsa ( varSAvAsa )-- sindha prAntameM hue caumAsoMke AdezoMke aba bhI itane adhika ullekha milate hai ki unake dvArA jainadharmakI prAnta bharameM vyApakatA svayaM siddha ho jAtI hai| sthA0 kAla zrAcArya caturmAsa hAjIkhAnaDerA 1746-1788 zrIvidyAvimala, Adi mAroTha 1748-1787 devarAjapura 1768 zrI jinajaya sUri DerA ismAila khAM 1768-1788 zrI kalyANasAgara Adi mulatAna 1776-1788 zrI muktimandira , 14 bAMga-bhehaTa 1778-1788 zrI kehari vidyAvimala ,, 1780-1788 zrI satyadhIra khAibArI 1760 zrI vadira vaMgo-IsAkoTa 1791 zrI jJAnapramoda , 1 vAMgA-layA 1796 zrI mahimAvijaya 264 bantu
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________________ prAcIna siMdhaprAntameM jainadharma sarasA zrI puNyodaya bhaTanera 1798 zrI rAjamUrti niSkarSa-- isI prakAra bandanA, stavana, svargavAsa, zrAdike sthAnoMke ullekhoMkI atyadhika pracuratA hai| kintu bhAratIya dharmoM ke lie samaya kaisA ghAtaka hotA jA rahA hai ki mulatAna, zrAdi katipaya sthAnoMke sivA sindha ( vartamAna paMjAba, sImAprAnta tathA sindha ) meM jainiyoMke darzana bhI durlabha ho gaye haiN| aura TorI pArTIke dvArA prArabdha bhArata-kartanane to ina prAntoMse samasta bhAratIya dhauMko hI arddhacandra de diyA hai| 265
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________________ kuNDalapura atizayakSetra zrI satyaprakAza jI0 AI0 pI0 relavekI bInA-kaTanI brAMca para damoha nAmakA relve sTezana hai / damohase lagabhaga caubIsa mIla para kuNDalapura eka choTA sA gAMva hai / aisA vizvAsa kiyA jAtA hai ki yaha sthAna adbhuta bAtoMkA kendra hai, iso lie jaina ise atizayakSetra kahate haiM / ___ damohase kuNDalapurakI yAtrA bailagAr3I, TAMgA yA prAIveTa kAra se kI jAtI hai| sar3aka pakkI nahIM hai| yAtriyoMkI suvidhAke lie rASTrIya sarakAra kI sahAtAyase damohakI jilA kauMsila pakkI sar3aka banAnekA vicAra kara rahI hai / jaba usakA yaha vicAra kriyAtmaka rUpa dhAraNa karegA to nizcaya hI sthAna bAhirI duniyAM meM eka mahAna AkarSaNa utpanna kregaa| prakRtikA yaha suramya pradeza ghor3eke nAlake zrAkArakI sundara pahAr3iyoMse ghirA huA hai aura prativarSa caubIsaveM tIrthaGka ra vardhamAna mahAvIrakI abhyarthanA karaneke lie hajAroM jaina yAtriyoMko zrAkRSTa karatA hai / pahAr3iyoM ke bIca meM eka sundara tAlAba hai jise 'vardhamAna sAgara' kahate haiM / isake cAroM ora tathA pahAr3iyoM para bane hue aMThAvana jaina mandiroMkA vyUha indra dhanuSake rUpameM isa tAlAbameM pratibimvita hotA hai / ina mandiroMkA nakazA sundara hai aura inakI sajAvaTa bahumUlya hai| ye mandira kevala apanI zreSThatA, sundaratA aura kalApUrNa nirmANake lie hI smaraNIya nahIM haiM, kintu apane aitihAsika mahattvake lie bhI smaraNIya haiM / ve apane andara 1400 varSa prAcIna jaina saMskRti aura sabhyatAke itihAsako surakSita kiye haiM / bar3ebAbA-( mahAvIra ) mandira-- yahAMkA mukhya mandira 'bar3e bAbAkA mandira ke nAmase prasiddha hai / yaha ghor3eke nAlake zrAkArakI pahAr3iyoM ke bIcameM samudrako satahase tIna hajAra phITakI UMcAIpara sthita hai / isa mandirameM vartamAna mahAvIrakI dIrghakAya mUrti sthApita hai, jo sundara padmAsana prAkRtimeM eka pattharako kATakara banAyI gayI hai / yaha mUrti bAraha phITa UMcI hai aura tIna phITa UMce zrAsanapara sthita hai / zuddha kalAmayatA,saundarya aura AkArakI spaSTatAkI dRSTi se samasta bhAratameM isakI samakakSa dUsarI mUrtiyAM kama haiN| aura jaina kalA tathA sabhyatAke
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________________ kuNDalapura atizaya kSetra avaziSTa bace bahumUlya smArakoM meM se hai / isa sthAnake prazAnta vAtAvaraNa se pratyeka vyakti atyanta prabhAvita hotA hai, yahAM para baiThe hue bhagavAna mahAvIra prema, ahiMsA aura satyake avinazvara siddhAntakA upadeza dete huse pratIta hote haiN| zilAlekha yahAM aise bahuta se sthAna haiM jinheM yadi khodA jAya to mahattva ke aitihAsika tathya prakaTa ho sakate haiM aura isa sthAna ke prAcIna itihAsapara prakAza DAla sakate haiN| yahAM marammata aura nava-nirmANakI tyanta zrAvazyakatA hai| do mandira, jo sambhavataH chaThI zatIke haiM, Dhahakara Dhera ho gaye haiM unakI marammata honA jarUrI hai / sAtavIM se gyArahavIM zatI takake bIca meM isa sthAnakI bhAgyarekhAko batalAnevAlA koI aitihAsika pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai / damoha pradezake rAyapurAke nivAsI siMghaI manasukhabhAIne vi0 saM0 1983 meM mahAvIrakI ukta mUrtikI pratiSThA karAyI thI / isase spaSTa hai ki usa samaya taka yaha sthAna acchI taraha prasiddha ho cukA thA / eka gumaThI ( laghu-mandira ) meM eka zilAlekha saM0 1501 kA tathA dUsarA saM0 1532 kA pAyA gayA hai / yahAM 16vIM zatIkI bahutasI mUrtiyAM haiM jo Aja bhI acchI hAlata meM haiM / isa taraha gyArahavIMse solahavIM zatItaka kI aitihAsika zRGkhalA akhaNDita rUpameM milatI hai / aitihAsika talagharA -- bar3e bAbA mandirake pIche eka barAmadA hai, jo aitihAsika zRGkhalAkI prApya kar3iyoMko jor3ane meM madada de sakatA hai; kintu yaha banda hai / isa mandirake nIce eka bar3A andhakArapUrNa bhauMrA (bhUmighara ) hai / isakA maMha bhI banda hai / kahA jAtA hai ki bar3e bAbA kI mUrtike jAnutroM ke bIcameM eka cheda thA / yadi isameM koI sikkA DAlA jAtA thA to vaha eka vicitra zabda karatA huA kisI gupta sthAnameM calA jAtA thA / usameM sikkA DAlanA vyartha samajhakara prabandhakoMne lagabhaga pandraha varSa pUrva isa chedako banda karA diyA / kisI ne yaha khoja karanekA prayatna nahIM kiyA ki sikkA kahAM calA jAtA hai| aisA vizvAsa kiyA jAtA hai| ki sikkA avazya hI nIceke bhauMyaremeM calA jAtA / yadi usa bhauMreko kholA jAya to prAcIna sikkoMkA eka Dhera nikala sakatA hai aura taba chaThI zatIse lekara AjatakakA itihAsa khoja nikAlanA kaThina nahIM hogA | phatahapura -- kuNDalapura se lagabhaga Adhe mIlakI dUrI para phatahapura nAmakA eka choTA sA gAMva hai| yahAM para 'rukmanI maTha' ke nAma se prasiddha jaina mandirake avazeSa pAye jAte haiM / yaha mandira chaThI zatI meM banAyA 267
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha gayA thA kuNDalapurake mandiroMmeM chaThI zatIkI jo mUrtiyAM pAyI jAtI haiM ve saba isI mandirase lAyI gayI thii| sar3akake kinAre pIpala ke vRkSakI chAyA meM eka sundara cabUtarA banA huA hai / rukmaNI maTha ke kucha avazeSoM ko isa para sajAyA huA hai / itihAsajJa Aja bhI isa duvidhA meM haiM ki chaThI zatAbdI meM aisI kaunasI ghaTanA huI thI jisake kAraNa isa sthAna para bar3e bAbAkI aisI vizAla mUrtikA nirmANa huA / phira bhI yaha to smaraNa rakhanA hI cAhiye ki usa samaya yaha sthAna gupta zAsakoMke rAjyameM thA aura ve jainadharma ke anuyAyI the / kucha itihAsajJoMkA aisA mata hai ki yaha vahI kuNDalapura hai jahAMse mahAmuni zrI nirvANa prApta kiyA thA, aura tabhI se yaha sthAna pUjya mAnA jAne lagA hai| kintu jaba taka isa viSayakA samasta jaina pramANa eka mata se samarthana na kareM tabataka nizcitarUpase kucha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA | bundelerAjA yaha bAta nirvivAda hai ki bundele rAjAoM meM yaha sthAna ati prasiddha thA aura ve ise pUjya mAnate the, kyoMki ina mandiroMke punarnirmANa meM tathA prabandha meM unakI gaharI dilacaspIke pramANa milate haiM | bar3e bAbA ke mandirake praveza dvAra para lage saMskRta zilAlekha se isa bAtakA samarthana hotA hai / isake sivA bahuta se aitihAsika ullekha yaha batalAte haiM ki bundele rAjA isa mandirakA bar3A sanmAna karate the / eka samaya dhUpa, varSA aura tUphAnake bhayaMkara thaper3oMne isa vizAla kRtiko jamIndoja kara diyA thA aura bar3e bAbAkA prasiddha mandira malavekA Dhera bana gayA thA / kintu prakRtike ina bhayAnaka tUphAnoMke bIca meM bhI bar3e bAbAkI vizAla mUrtiko koI hAni nahIM phuNcii| dhIre dhIre samaya bItatA gayA aura yaha mUrti miTTI, ghAsa aura jhAr3iyoMse Dhaka gayI / jaMgalI jAnavaroMne ise apanA AvAsa banA liyA aura eka samaya aisA zrA pahuMcA ki koI manuSya isake darzana karanekA sAhasa bhI nahIM kara sakatA thA / jo manuSya isa bAta se paricita the ki yahAM eka mandira thA, vaha ise 'mandira TIlA' kahane lage / isa taraha isa zAnta evaM prasanna sthAnako bhaya aura vismayake pardene zrAcchAdita kara liyA aura varSoM taka bhI yaha pardA dUra na ho sakA / isa taraha lagabhaga do sau varSa taka yaha prAcIna mandira pRthvIke garbha meM chipA rahA / rAjA chatrasAladvArA punarnirmANa -- saM0 1750ke lagabhaga eka zrAjanma brahmacArI jaina sAdhu namisAgarane isa mandira - TIle ko dekhA / bhavya mUrtike darzana se vaha itanA adhika prabhAvita huA ki usane dukhI manuSya samAjake kalyANake lie maMdira ke 268
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________________ kuNDalapura atizayakSetra jIrNoddhArakA saMkalpa kiyaa| eka sarvavizruta kiMvadantIke anusAra usakA svapna pUrNa honekA samaya taba AyA jaba auraMgajebakI senAkI pakar3ase bhAgakara vIra bundelA chatrasAla khaNDaharoMmeM chipaneke lie yahAM AyA / yahAM rahate hue use kevala mAnasika zAnti hI nahIM milI, kintu usakI aAtmA eka vilakSaNa zaktise bharapUra ho gyii| ataH jaba vaha vahAMse calA to usane yaha pratijJA kI ki yadi maiM mugala sAmrAjyake caMgulase apanI mAtR-bhUmiko svataMtra karaneke apane prayatnameM saphala ho sakA to maiM isa vizAla mandirakA punarnirmANa hI nahIM karAUMgA; balki isakI prAcIna kIrti aura vaibhavako bhI punaH sthApita kruuNgaa| kucha varSoM ke bAda mugala samrATako chatrasAlase parAjita honA pdd'aa| chAtrasAlane apane khoye huai pradezoMko punaH prApta kiyA / bar3e bAbAkI mUrtike sAmane usane jo pratijJA kI thI use vaha bhUlA nhiiN| ataH usane usa pavitra kartavyako pUrA karaneke lie rAjyake khajAneko khola denekI aAjJA dii| jaba mahArAja chatrasAla rAjakIya ThATabATake sAtha mandirako dekhaneke lie padhAre to eka bAra punaH prAcIna itihAsakA navanirmANa huA / mandirakA punarnirmANa ho cukanepara vi0 saM0 1757 meM mAghasudI 15 ko somavArake dina mahArAja chatrasAlane bar3e bAbAkI vizAla mUrtikA pUjana kiyA / aura mandirake kharcake lie bahuta sA dravya tathA sone cAMdIkA sAmAna diyA / unakA diyA huA pItalakA eka bar3A thAla (kopara) mandirake bhaNDArameM Aja bhI surakSita hai| chatrasAlakI icchAke anusAra hI isa sthAnakA nAma badala kara 'kuNDalapura atizayakSetra' aura tAlAbakA nAma 'vardhamAna-sAgara' rakkhA gyaa| tabase isa mandirakI khyAti dUra dUra taka phailatI hI gayI hai| isa aitihAsika ghaTanAkI smRtimeM prati varSa mAghasudI ekadazI se pUrNimA taka eka bar3A melA bharatA hai aura bar3e bAbAkA darzana karaneke lie lAkhoM loga savizeSa jainI ekatra hote haiM /
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa zrI prA0 DAkTara harisatya bhaTTAcArya, ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0 zalAkA puruSa-- aAgamoMke anusAra jainadharma anAdi hai yadyapi aAdhunika vidvAnoMne bhagavAna mahAvIrako jainadharmakA pravartaka mAnanekI bhrAnti kI hai tathApi ve dUrAtidUra atIta kAlase lekara samaya samaya para hue jainadharmake pramukha evaM sarvajJa pracAraka;isa yugake caubIsa tIrthaMkaroMmeMse antima hI the / jaina purANoMmeM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroMke atirikta vividha zalAkA ( mahA ) puruSoM ke caritra bhI bhare par3e haiM jinameM deva-yonimeM utpanna indrAdikA samAveza nahIM kiyA gayA hai / sabase vilakSaNa aura maulika mAnyatA to yaha hai ki jainadharma vaidika dharmoMke samAna bhagavAnako jagatake kartAke rUpameM nahIM svIkAra krtaa| jaina bhagavAna mAnava hai; hAM kucha adhika vivekI evaM vikasita sthiti meM; vaha utpanna hotA hai, maratA hai,apane pUrvavartI tIrthaMkaroMko apanA Adarza mAnatA hai aura mokSa jAneke lie use mAnava yonimeM zrAnA anivArya hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki jaina bhagavAna tathA bauddha bhagavAnameM kaI dRSTiyoMse samAnatA hai / jaina purANoMke caudaha kulakaroM ( zalAkA puruSoM ) tathA vaidika mAnyatAke caudaha manuaoMmeM bhI bahuta kucha samatA hai / kyoMki ye kulakara apane samaya ke prajA vatsala viziSTa puruSa the| jaina kalpa-- kAla ananta hai tathApi mAnava itihAsakI dRSTi se usameM karor3oM varSoM ke samaya vibhAgoM ( kalpoM) kI kalpanA kI hai| pratyeka kalpameM utsarpiNI ( varddhamAna cAritra ) tathA avasarpiNI (hIyamAna caritra sukha) ardha-cakra hote haiM / vartamAnameM avasarpiNI cala rahA hai ! inameM pratyekake 1-suSamA-suSamA ( sarvathA sukha cAritramaya ), 2-suSamA, 3-suSamA-duSamA ( sukha dukha mizrita ), 4-duSamA-suSamA, 5 duSamA ( vartamAna ) tathA 6-duSamA-duSamA bheda hote haiM / vaiziSTaya itanA hai ki avasarpiNIkA SaSTha (duSamA-duSamA ) yuga utsarpiNIkA prathama yuga hotA hai| 'kulakaraavasarpiNIke prArambhameM bhogabhUmi rahatI hai arthAt manuSya vinA zramake bhavana, vastra, bhojana, 270
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa bhAjana, Adi jIvanapayogI vastueM kalpavRkSoMse yatheccha mAtrAmeM prApta karate haiM / tRtIyakAla suSamA-duSamAke antameM kalpavRkSoMkI vadAnyatA ghaTatI hai, zrAkAzameM sUrya candra dikhate haiM, kyoMki kalpavRkSoMkA udyota kama ho jAneke kAraNa sUrya-candrake prakAza dikhane lagate haiM / ina donoM prakAza puJjoMko dekhate hI usa yugake loga sahaja hI bhIta ho jAte haiN| taba eka 'pratizruta' mahApuruSa bhIta logoMko ukta jyotiSka devoMkA rahasya samajhAte haiM / phalataH janakA bhaya vilupta ho jAtA hai aura isa prakAra pratizruta prathama kulakara hote haiM / kalpavRkSoMkA teja kSAyamANa thA ataH zrAkAzameM tAre bhI dikhane lage taba dvitIya kulakara sammatine samasta jyotiSkoMke viSayameM Azcarya-cakita janako samajhAyA / yahI sanmati jyotiSa vijJAnake pratiSThApaka the / tRtIya kulakara kSemakarane usa samayake janako pazutroM tathA hiMsra jantuoMse dUra rahane tathA unakA vizvAsa na karanekA upadeza diyaa| kalpavRkSoMke kramika vilayake kAraNa pazuoM tathA jantutroMkI ghAtaka vRtti adhikatara spaSTa hotI jAtI thii| ApAtataH inase apanI rakSA karaneke lie caturtha kulakara kSemaMdharako lAThI, Adi astra dhAraNa karanekI sammati denI pdd'ii| kalpavRkSoMkI dAtR zakti vegase ghaTa rahI thI phalataH jIvanopayogI vastuoMko prApta karaneke lie logoMmeM kalaha hone lagI ataH paJcama kulakara sImaMkarane kalpavRkSoMkI vyaktiyoMkI apekSA sImA nizcita kara dI / aba kalpavRkSoM kI zakti naSTaprAya thI ataH SaSTha ku0 sImaMdharane vRkSoM kI sImA sunizcita kara dI tAki jIvanopayogI vastuoM ke lie pArasparika kalaha na ho| saptama ku0 vimalabhAnune janako hAthI, ghor3A, UMTa, aAdi pAlakara apane kAmameM lAnekI zikSA dI / bhogabhUmike niyamAnusAra abataka santAna utpanna hote hI pitara mara jAte the kintu aSTama ku0 cakSuSmAnke samayase ve santAnotpattike bAda kucha samaya taka jIvita rahane lage / isase loga ghabar3Aye phalataH kulakarane santAna rahasya smjhaayaa| navama ku0 yazasvAnane santAnako AziSa denA, dazama ku0 abhicandrane zizupAlana tathA gyArahaveM ku. candrAbhane zizupAlana vidhikA pUrNa vikAsa kiyaa| nadI, samudra, Adi pAra karaneke lie naukA tathA UMce parvatAdi para car3haneke lie sIr3hiyAM banAnekI zikSA marudeva bArahaveM ku0 ne dI thI / terahaveM ku0 prasenajitane vivAha prathAkA sUtrapAta kiyA tathA antima ku0 nAbhirAyake samayameM kalpavRkSa sarvathA lupta ho gaye / bhogabhUmi karmabhUmi ho gayI thI / jIvanakI AvazyakatA pUrtiko lekara bhISaNa samasyAeM khar3I ho gayI thIM loga zrama karanA nahIM jAnate the phalataH nAbhirAyane unheM dhAna, AdikA upayoga batAyA aura anya kAmoMkI zikSA dI / yaha bhI batAyA ki sadyaHjAta zizuoMkA nAbha kaise kaattnaa| vastutroM ke guNa doSa btaaye| miTTIke bartana banAkara unheM pakAnA sikhAyA / inakI dharmapatnI marudevI thIM jinake garbhase RSabhadeva utpanna hue the| dArzanika vivecana kyA kulakaroMke ukta varNanase kucha saiddhAntika niSkarSa nikAle jA sakate haiM ? sarvaprathama sAmAjika pariNAma to yaha ho sakatA hai ki jaina zAstra aAdhunika cintA-kaSTa bahula saMsArake pahile maulika sukhamaya 271
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________________ varNI abhinandana-grantha yugakI kalpanA karatA hai| isa varNanako dekhate hI vaidika kRtayugakA smaraNa ho pAtA hai jisameM nyUnAdhika rUpameM aisA hI sukhaikAnta thaa| yahUdI zAstroMke 'iDana udyAna' kA jIvana bhI kucha aisA hI zuddha bhogamaya jIvana bitAnA thA, jaba ki yahUdI mAnyatAmeM kevala eka yugalAkA hI vaisA sukhamaya jIvana thA / tathA yahI yugala sRSTike zrAdi pitara the / itanA spaSTa hai ki duHkhamaya vartamAna yugase bahuta pahile zuddha sukhamaya yugakI kalpanA sarva sammata hai| pAzcAtya vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki 'IDana udyAna' kA jIvana ekAnta pUrNa ajJAnAvasthAkA paricAyaka hai, arthAt usa samaya viveka, vicAra tathA samanvayakI yogyatAkA sarvathA abhAva thA / sAmAjika dRSTi se mAnavakI yaha vaha avasthA thI jaba ise pazu samudAyase alaga karanA kaThina thA tathA mastiSka sadya:prasUta zizuke samAna thA / niSiddha jJAna-phalakA zrAsvAdana viveka athavA puruSatvakI jAgratikA rUpaka hai tathA vahIM varNita mAnava adhaHpAtakI yuktiyuktatA siddha karaneke lie "jahAM ajJAna hI sukha hai vahAM vivekI honA pApa hai / " kahAvatakI zaraNa lene ko caritArtha karanA ho jAtA hai / isa prakArase bhogabhUmikI vyAkhyA nahIM kI jA sakatI kyoMki jahAM yahUdI vRkSakA phala cakhate hI sukhamaya saMsArase patana ho gayA vahIM kalpavRkSa jainabhogabhUmike mUlAdhAra haiM / taba kalpavRkSake rahasyakI kyA vyAkhyA kI jAya ? 'mAnavakI kalpanAnusAra vastu dAtA' zAbdika artha hai / jaina mAnyatAmeM aise vRkSa bhogabhUmimeM hote haiM / vaidika dharmAnusAra satkarma karake svarga meM utpanna hone vAle logoMkI samasta icchAeM ye vRkSa pUrNa karate hai, astu kalpavRkSa pUrvakRta sukarmoMke phalasvarUpa yatheccha sukhabhoga dete haiM / maNDUkopaniSadke "do savarNa ghaniSTa mitra pakSI eka hI vRkSa para bar3e hote haiM usameMse eka madhura phala khAtA hai dUsarA una phaloMko kevala dekhatA hai" isa kathanameM madhura phaloM tathA bhoktAse kramazaH satkarma tathA aAtmA iSTa haiM / phalataH kalpavRkSake uttama phaloMse bhI jIvake satkoMke pariNAma hI abhISTa ho sakate haiM / isI prakAra unake layase puNya samApti tathA punaH zrama-zAntimaya jIvanakA saMketa hai| gItAke "kSINe puNye martyaloka vizanti" se bhI yahI saMketa hai / jaina bhogabhUmi kalpanAkA bhI itanA hI sAra hai ki puNyakarmoMke phala sukhamaya jIvana vitAneke bAda zrama-cintAmaya jIvanakA prArambha hotA hai| jJAnasAdhanakA phala bhogabhUmi spaSTa hai ki jaina bhogabhUmi viveka tathA sAdhanAkA phala hai, jaba ki yahUdI sukhamaya jIvana ajJAna janya thA / yahUdI zAstrAnusAra jJAna patanakA kAraNa thaa| taba 'kyA mUrkhatA sukha hai tathA vivekI honA laNThatA hai ?' yaha zaMkA sarvathA ucita pratIta hotI hai| bhAratIya dRSTi yahAM bhI spaSTa hai viveka tathA saMyama dvArA satkarma baMdhate haiM jinakA phala sukhabhoga hotA hai tathA inakI samApti para jIva sukhamaya jIvanase bhraSTa ho kara zramamaya jIvana prArambha karatA hai| phalataH karma-niyama tathA isIkA aMga punarjanma niyama bhAratIya bhogabhUmikA vyavasthApaka hai / / yaha vivecana yahUdI 'sukhamaya jIvana' kI nimna naitika 272
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa vyAkhyA karaneko pralubdha karatA hai-sukhamaya jovanase AtmAkI zuddhAvasthAkA saMketa hai, jaba AtmA hI saba kucha athavA samasta padArtha AtmAsvarUpa hote haiM / phira rAgadveSa rUpo kuphalakA aAtmA zrAsvAdana karatA hai aura janma, jarA, mRtyumaya saMsArameM zrA par3atA hai| zrAtma-aAnanda samApta ho jAtA hai / yahI zuddhAtmA rUpI kalpavRkSakA vilaya athavA IDana-udyAnase patana hai| phira Izvarake abhizApako liye jIvakA ananta saMsAra prArambha ho jAtA hai, kyA yaha manuSyakA mahA patana nahIM hai ? kulakara tathA mAnavasamAjakA vikAsa dUsarI mahattvakI bAta yaha hai ki kulakaravRttameM hama mAnava samAjake krama vikAsako spaSTa dekhate haiM / pratyeka prAcIna rASTrake prArambhika kAla meM hama aAdarza yugakI kathA to pAte haiM, sAdhAraNa sthitise samAjake kramika vikAsakA itivRtta nahIM miltaa| kintu jaina sAhityameM vyaktiyoMke caritrake samAna hI samAja-puruSakA prArambhase varNana milatA hai jisameM samAjake jIvana saMgrAma tathA paristhitiyoMke anukUla bananekA itihAsa nihita hai| Adhunika vicAraka kaumaTIkA bhI mata hai ki 'manuSyake zArIrika evaM mAnasika adhyayanake pahile mAnava samAjakA adhyayana honA hI cAhiye / Adhunika vidvAna mAnate haiM ki prANi vijJAnakI praNAlIse mAnavasamAjake vikAsakA adhyayana karake kaumaTIne bar3A upakAra kiyA hai, tathApi uttarakAlIna vikAsavAdo vidvAnoMkA mata unake ukta vicArake viparIta hai| arthAt vyaktikI unnati vikAsamAna sAmAjika pragatiko kisI sImA taka sahacAriNI hai / samAjake vikAsakA mAnavavikAsake samAna honA anivArya nahIM hai| uttarottara adhika tRpti karane vAle kAryoMne manuSyakA vikAsa kiyA hai| kintu sAmAjika gaThanakI adhArazilA to vaha kSamatA hai jo prakRtikI gambhIratama paristhitiyoM meM bhI manuSyako nirvAcana aura anugamana dvArA banAye rakhatI hai; 'adhikatama tRpti' nahIM / jaina kulakaroMkA varNana ukta sAmAjika vikAsakA sajIva citra hai| pahalese cale Aye sukhasampattikI abhivRddhi jaina karmabhUmi ( aAdhunika yuga ) kA svarUpa nahIM hai apitu kalpavRkSoMke layake kAraNa zrAkula tathA trasta logoMke aAtaMka evaM aniSTakI AzaMkAoMko zAnta karate hue vartamAna mAnava samAja ko Age bar3hAnA hai / karmabhUmike AdimeM sabase pahile jyotiSka deva dikhate haiM / arthAt prArambha jyotiSa-vijJAnase hotA hai| isake bAda manuSya apane tathA pazuoM meM bheda karatA hai, isase aAtmarakSAke lie samasta sAdhana juTAtA hai / apane hiMsra sAthiyoMse nipaTa leneke bAda mAnava jIvanopayogI sAmagrIke juTAnemeM laga jAtA hai aura isa prakAra apane vargake yoga-kSemakI vyavasthA karatA hai / isa prakAra gharU vyavasthAke pazcAt vaha pazuoMko apane kArya meM sAdhaka banAtA hai tathA pahaleke ina zatrutroMko sevaka banA letA hai| isake uparAnta vaha apane vargake zarIrakI cintA karatA hai; janmase hI bAlakakI pUrI paricaryA prArambha hotI hai phalasvarUpa manuSya 1-yayapi jaina mAnyatAnusAra na muktakA punaH saMsAra praveza saMbhava hai aura na Izvara ke abhizApase patana athavA varadAna dvArA abhyutthAna hI ho sakatA hai| 35 273
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ti hai| pUrNa svastha, sundara aura baliSTa hotA hai| phira kyA hai samudra pAra karanA, pahAr3a para car3hanA, Adi sAhasika kArya prArambha ho jAte haiM / sAhasakA udaya sAmAjika sthitiko jaTila banAtA hai, vyavasthA evaM zAntike niyama anivArya hote haiM / vivAha-prathA prArambha hotI hai / pazupAlana athavA bhramaNakA sthAna kRSi evaM vANijya le lete hai phalataH ghara bhojana-bhAjana pUrNa ho jAte haiM / jaina zAstroMke anusAra zrAdhunika prAga-itihAsa yugake bahuta pahile ukta prakArase mAnava samAjakA vikAsa huaA thaa| usa samaya zAsana athavA varga-taMtra bhI na thA / yadyapi ukta samasta varNana ko saralatAse vastusthiti nahIM kahA jA sakatA tathApi itanA nizcita hai ki sUrya candrAdi darzanase yugArambha huaA tathA bhAratIya, bebaloniyana, mizrI, grIka, cAinI, Adi vidvAnoMne isa vijJAnako zrAge bddh'aayaa| phalataH jaina purANa 'jyotiSa prAcInatama vijJAna hai' kathanakI puSTi karatA hai / 'yaha saMsAra pAnI aura zrAgase avazya naSTa hogA yaha jAnakAra hI prAk-pralayakAlika yahUdI 'adama' aAdi RSiyoMne ITa tathA saMgamaramarake stambha banavAye the| tathA unapara jyotiSake mUla tattva utkIrNa kiye the' kathA bhI ukta mAnyatAkI poSaka hai| mAnavakA vikAsa ?-- yadi bhogabhUmise karmabhUmikA siddhAnta satya hai to kahanA hogA ki manuSya prArambhameM jaMgalI jantuoMke sAtha rahatA thaa| yaha tathya mAnava aura pazuke bocameM dRSTa vartamAna mahAna antarake kAraNa bhI upekSita nahIM ho sakatA / arvAcIna paryavekSakoMkAbhI mata hai ki Aja bhI sAMskRtika prathama zreNImeM par3e logoM aura pazuoMmeM atyadhika samatA hotI hai| unameM vaisA antara nahIM hotA jaisA pUjya gAMdhIjI aura vyAghrameM hotA hai| yaha antara mahAna vikAsakA phala hai / DAkTara pikArDakA "ananta saMsArakA racayitA jaganniyantA bhI unhIM dravyoMse banA hai jinase vaha pazu banA hai jise pAlatU banAkara vaha apane kAma lAtA hai athavA mArakara bhAga jAtA hai / " kathana bhI ukta samatAkA samarthaka hai| zrI sI0 vAITakA "AtmabodhakI jAgrati" zIrSaka nibandha spaSTa batAtA hai ki mAnavakI uccatama bauddhika vRttiyoMkA prArambha usa sAdhAraNa buddhise huA hai jo nimnatama pazu tathA sAdhAraNa vyaktimeM samAna rUpase pAyI jAtI hai| manuSyane darzana tathA abhyAsa dvArA apanA jJAna baDhAyA aura saMbhavataH isI kAraNa pazuse vaha vilakSaNa ho gayA / pahileke sAthI aba eka sAtha na raha sakate the / jJAna vRddhi ke sAtha, sAtha manuSyakI vRtti komala ho gayI thI phalataH vaha hiMsra pazuse dUra rahane lagA, AtmarakSAke lie astra banAye, pazuoMko parAjita kiyA aura pAlatU banA liyaa| yaha varNana akSarazaH satya na bhI ho kintu itanA to spaSTa hai ki sudara prAga-aitihAsika kAlameM mAnava samAjake vikAsakA krama aisA hI rahA ho gaa| 1-inasAiklopIDiyA briTenikA bhA0 2 pR0744 (9 ma sNskrnn)| . 274
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa yaha bhI svAbhAvika hai ki mAnavake uttarottara vikAsakI gati bar3hane para sabase pahile use jIvanopayogI vastuoM aura vizeSakara bhojya padArthoM ke prabhAva kSetroMkI sImA nirdhArita karanI par3I ho gI / kSetra vibhAjanane varga tathA kuloMkI sRSTi kI ho go| janabala hI samAja yA kulakI zakti hotI hai ataH saMskRta na hone para bhI mAnavane zizupAlanakI cintA kI ho gI / barddhamAna janabalane mAnavako sAhasika banAkara samudrake usa pAra tathA parvatazikharapara pahuMcA diyA / jIvana jaTila huA, sAmAjika vyavasthAeM banIM, vivAha aAyA, kRSi tathA zilpoMkA AvirbhAva huA / tathA isake sAtha hI prArambhika samAjakA anta tathA saMskRta samAja ( karmabhUmi ) kA udaya huaa| Adhunika anumAna-- Adima samAjake saMskRta honekI prakriyAkI aneka zreNiyAM Adhunika anveSakoMne nizcita kI haiN| inheM zrI nilasasana tathA thomasanane pASANa, tAMbA tathA lauha-yuga nAma diye haiM / yaha vargIkaraNa eziyA tathA yUrapake vikAsakramameM to ThIka baiThatA hai kintu polIneziyA, madhya-dakSiNa aphrikA, perU tathA maiksikoke atirikta amarIkAke lie upayukta nahIM hai / ina dezoMmeM pASANase lauha-yuga AyA hai, tAmrayuga nahIM huA hai / ataH yaha vargIkaraNa sArvabhauma nahIM hai / asaMskRta ( ASTreliyA tathA brAjIlake zrAdima nivAsI ), vanya ( romana sAhityameM varNita jarmanika loga ) tathA saMskRta ( IsAse pUrvake grIka tathA romana loga ) ke bhedase kiyA gayA vargIkaraNa adhika saMgata hai / isameM vRddhikI dhArA bhI svAbhAvika hai kayoM ki mUla mUr3ha mAnavase puruSa zikArI tathA phalaphUla saMcayakartA hotA hai, isake bAda nizcita kRSaka bana jAtA hai / jaina vargIkaraNa sabase Age-- kintu yaha saba anumAna mAnavake itihAsako varga-yuga taka hI le jAte haiN| usase Age nahIM soca sakate / kintu jaina mAnyatA mAnavatAke itihAsako dUrAtidUra usa prArambhika yugameM le jAtI hai jisakI kalpanA karanA bhI kaThina hai / saMbhavataH yaha usa yugase prArambha karatI hai jaba mAnava pazu samUhake sAtha rahatA thA ataH samAja vijJAnake paMDitoMkA karttavya ho jAtA hai ki ve isa varNanako vyartha aura kAlpanika kahaneke pahale isakA ucita tathA pUrNa vicAra kareM / tIrthaGkara-- antima kulakara zrI nAbhirAyako apanI rAnI marUdevIse zrIRSabhadeva nAmakA putra huA thA / vAstavameM yahI putra isa karmabhUmikA Adi vyavasthApaka thaa| phalataH inakA purudeva, AdinAtha, zrAdIzvara, Adi nAmoM dvArA purANoMne ullekha kiyA hai| yaha itane mahAna evaM sAdhu zAsaka the ki 275.
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha vaidika dharmagraMthoMne bhI inako avatAra rUpase pUjya puruSa mAnA hai| ghorAtighora tapa karake inhoMne kaivalya prApti kI thI tathA sarvajJa hokara jaina dharmakA upadeza diyA thaa| zrI RSabhadevake kArya-- ____ muni dIkSA grahaNa karaneke pahile unhoMne apane AcaraNa tathA zikSA dvArA deza vizvako vyAkaraNa, tarka, chanda, gaNita, sAhitya, saMgIta, nRtya citraNa, nirmANa, vAstu, auSadhi, prANizAstra, AdikA prAmANika upadeza diyA thaa| kRSi tathA vANijya unhoMne sikhAyA, bhUmiko deza, janapada, Adi vibhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA, nagara tathA puroMko basAyA, samasta lalita kalAoMkA upadeza diyaa| IkhakA rasa nikAlanA sikhAneke kAraNa ye 'ikSvAku' khlaaye| mAnava samAjako inhoMne karmAnusAra kSatriya, vaizya tathA zudra ina tIna vaNoM meM vibhakta kiyA thaa| inake putra bharata cakravartIne anicchApUrvaka brAhmaNa varNakI Age calakara vyavasthA kI thii| jaina mAnyatAnusAra RSabhadeva araboM ( 82 hajAra varSa kama lagabhaga eka sAgara ) varSa pahile huye the / aitihAsika vidvAn inake samaya tathA aitihAsikatAkA nirNaya karaneke lie prayatnazIla haiN| itanA nizcita hai ki RSabhadevakI pUjyatA ati prAcIna hai bauddha granthoM ne bhI unakA isa rUpase ullekha kiyA hai| phalataH isakA vigata bAra vicAra karanA yahAM zakya nahIM hai| zeSa teIsa tIrthaGkara-- bhagavAn RSabhadevake bAda sarvazrI ajita, zaMbhava, abhinandana, sumati, padma, supArzva, candra, puSpadanta, zItala, zreyAnsa, vAsupUjya, vimala, ananta, dharma, zAnti, kuntha, ara, malli, munisuvrata, nami, nemi, pArzva tathA varddhamAna ye teisa tIrthakara aura hue haiN| jinhoMne samaya samaya para jainadharmarUpI masAlako uThAkara jagako zrAlokita kiyA hai| inake jIvana caritra samAna haiM / sabahI aneka pUrva janmoMmeM sAdhanA dvArA AtmavikAsa karate haiM antameM uttama svargakA jIvana vyatIta karake tIrthaGkara rUpase garbha meM Ate haiM / indrAdi deva unake garbha, janma, tapa, jJAna tathA mokSa kalyANoMko manAte haiM / ve apane antima bhavameM tInoM jJAnoM ke sAtha uccakulameM utpanna hote haiM, nirapavAda sadAcArI, dayAlu tathA vicAraka hote haiM / vizeSa vaya Ate hI saMsArase virakta ho kara tapa karate haiM, kevalI hokara saMsAra dAvAnala meM par3I mAnavatAko kartavya tathA naitikatAkA upadeza dete haiN| tathA antameM vinazvara zarIrako tyAgakara siddha zilA para cale jAte haiM jahAM para ananta jJAna, darzana, sukha evaM vIrya haiM / ariSTanemi yAdavakumAra neminAthakA jIvana karuNarasase prAplAvita hai, isI kAraNa usane adhikatama 1-nyAya bindu, Adi grantha /
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa logoMko aAkRSTha kiyA hai| mahAbhAratake sUtradhAra mahAna rAjanItijJa zrI kRSNa inake kakere bhAI the / phalataH aAtmavat sarvaguNa sampanna bhAIkI zrorase inakA aAzaMkita ho uThanA sarvathA svAbhAvika thA / donoM bhAIyoMmeM dvandvakA avasara prAyA para ahiMsaka nemi kisI sazastra pratiyogitAke lie taiyAra na hue / bhAra-uThAnekI pratiyogitA huI jisameM darzaka janatAne neminAthako vijayI ghoSita kiyA / balabhadrane kRSNajI ko samajhAyA ataeva kRSNajI bhI honahAra RSi choTebhAIkA Adara karane lge| zrIkRSNajI tathA rukmiNIke Agraha para neminAtha rAjaputrI rAjImatIke sAtha vivAha karaneko sammata hue / bArAta jisa samaya kanyAke pitAke dvAra para jA rahI thI, neminAthane ghire hue pazuoMkI dIna dhvani sunii| kAraNa pUchane para jAnA ki vivAhameM pAye vividha rAjAoM ke bhojanake lie kanyAke pitAne una niraparAdha pazutroMko bAMdha rakhA hai| unakA hRdaya bhaya tathA udAsIse vyApta ho gayA, pazutroMko turanta mukta karavA diyA / 'aura vivAha ? jisakA prArambha hI itanA ghAtaka hai usakA pariNAma ?' kalpanA karate hI apane Apa saba vastrAbhUSaNa utAra kara pheMka diye, Urjayanta (giranAra) para car3ha gaye aura tapalIna ho gaye / kumArI rAjImatIne yaha saba sunA "manase maiM unakI hI dharmapatnI hUM" kahakara unake hI pIche pIche giranAra para calI gayIM / rAjulake viyoga, vilApa, AdikA citraNa itanA kAruNika hai ki pattharako bhI prAMsU A jAte haiN| tathA unakI dRr3hatA tathA sAdhanA aisI thI ki sacamuca hI 'nIlakamalakI paMkhur3Ine vijalIko kATa diyA' thA / neminAtha sarvajJa ho jAnepara jaba dharmopadeza de rahe the taba yAdavoMke viSayameM prazna kiye jAne para unhoMne yAdavakulakA nAza, dvArakA jalanA aura apane kuTumbI dvArA zrIkRSNajIko mRtyukI bhaviSyavANI kI thI jo ki akSarazaH satya huI thii| zrI neminAtha kRSNajIke bhAI the| kRSNajIke samayake viSayameM vividha mAnyatAeM haiM, sabase adhika pracalita mAnyatA yahI hai ki kRSNajI 3000-1400 I0pUrvake lagabhaga hue hoM ge / isI AdhAra para neminAthakA samaya nirNaya karanA anucita na ho gA / tathApi jaina mAnyatAke anusAra nemike 85000 varSa bAda pArzvanAtha hue haiM / yataH bhAratIya kAlakramakA antima nirNaya nahIM huA hai ataeva jaina kAla gaNanAse lAbha uThAyA hI jA sakatA hai / zrI pArzvanAtha-- teIsaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha adhika khyAta haiM jaisA ki kalakattA, Adi nagaroMmeM prativarSa nikalane vAle vizAla rathotsavoM, sarvatra prApta mUrtiyoM, zrAdise suspaSTa hai| jaina purANoM ke anusAra ye bha0 mahAvIrase 246 varSa pUrva muktiko gaye haiM / jaina mAnyatAnusAra hI ve pUre 100 varSa jIvita the arthAt ve872 I0 pU0 meM utpanna hue 843 meM 30 varSakI avasthA honepara dIkSA lI aura 772 I0 pUrvameM sammeda zikhara athavA 'pArzvanAtha parvata' se mukti padhAre / yaha sthAna pU0 bhA re0 ke pradhAna zAkhA ( I0 I0 re0 grANDa korDa) mArgapara sthita hai| yahAM prativarSa hajAroM jainI hI nahIM apitu vicAraka evaM zAnta puruSa bhI jAte haiM / 277
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha zrI mahAvIra-- ___ antima arhata tIrthasvAmI mahAvIrakI aitihAsikatAke viSayameM aba zaMkA nahIM kI jAtI hai / unake jIvanase sambaddha adhikAMza sthAnoMkA bhI nizcaya ho gayA hai| bauddha sAhityameM unake ullekha bhare par3e haiM / inake pitA yadyapi samrATa nahIM the tathApi vaizAlI ke nikaTastha kuNDanapura janataMtrake pradhAna the / videhake janataMtrake pradhAna rAjA ceTaka unakI mAtA trizalAke pitA the| inakI mausI celanA samrATa bimbasAra ( magadha ) kI rAnI thii| dUsarI mausI kozalAdhipa prasenajitase byAhI thii| ataH bhagavAna mahAvIra usa samayake pradhAna rAjavaMzoMke nikaTatama sambandhI the| jaina varSakA prArambha kArtika zuklA pratipadAke uSAkAlase hotA hai| harivaMza (jaina) purANa tathA anya sAkSiyoMke balapara spaSTa hai ki dIpAvalikA prArambha bhagavAna vIrake nirvANase huaA hai / gujarAta, aAdi kitane hI bhAratake prAntoMmeM nUtana varSakA prArambha kArtika zuklA pratipadAse hotA hai / yaha jainadharmake prasAra evaM prabhAvake dyotaka haiM / nemicanda siddhAnta cakravartIke 'trilokasAra ke anusAra vIra-nirvANake 605 varSa bAda zaka rAjAne zAsana kiyA / aba zaka saM0 1870 hai arthAt bha0 vIrane 1870+605=2475 varSa pUrva nirvANa prApta kiyA athavA vai 2475-1948-527 I0 pUrva mokSa gaye the| 'AryavidyA sudhAkara'ke matase vIra prabhu vi0 saM0 se 477 varSa pUrva mukta hue| aba vi0 saM0 2005 hai ataH vIra nirvANakA varSa 2005+470=2575-1948= 527 I0 pU0 hI ho gaa| digambara sarasvatI gacchakI paTTAvaliyoMse bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai| yataH varddhamAna prabhu 72 varSa jIvita rahe ataH ve 599 I0 pU0 meM utpanna hue, 569 I0 pU0 meM dIkSA lI, 557 I0 pU0 meM sarvajJa hue aura 527 I0 pU0 meM mukta hue / jainadarzana tathA tIrthaMkara tIrthakaroMke jIvana ke anusaMgase jainadarzanakA rucikara adhyayana ho sakatA hai| pratyeka tIrthakara sAdhAraNa jIvase unnati karate karate pUrNa puruSa ( kevalI ) banatA hai / jainadharmameM usakA vahI sthAna hai jo anya dharmoMmeM IzvarakA hai| kintu vaha jagatkartA nahIM hai kevala Adarza hai| jagatkartRtvakA niSedha yadi nAstikatA hai to jainadharma avazya nAstika kahA jA sakatA hai, kintu punarjanma, karma tathA lokAntarako mAnaneke kAraNa na vaha (jainadharma) nAstika hai aura na zUnyavAdI athavA bhogavAdI hI hai / Izvarake jagatkartRtvakA usameM kiyA gayA khaNDana' atyanta vaijJAnika hai / yaha kaThora AcaraNake bhAmaNDalase daidIpyamAna vidhAyaka bhAratIya mAnavatA-vAda hai| bhAratake samasta darzana aAtma sAkSAtkArakI utkaTa abhilASAke 1-navya nyAya aura vaizeSikako chor3akara samasta bhAratIya darzanoMne bhI Izvarake kartRtvakA niSedha kiyA hai| ye donoM bhI use kevala nirmAtA mAnate haiM / prAcIna nyAyana karma aura phalameM sambandha banAye rakhane ke lie use mAnA hai, prANa athavA paJca bhUtoMkA kartA nahIM / isake atirikta zeSa vaidika darzanoM tathA bauddha darzanane bhI IzgharakA spaSTa niSedha kiyA hai| 278
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________________ paurANika jaina ItihAsa pratiphala haiM tathApi mAnavatAkI spaSTa chAyA jitanI jainadharmameM hai utanI anyatra sulabha nhiiN| yaha satya hai ki vaidika dharmameM bhI rAma, kRSNa, Adi viziSTa mAnava pUjya haiM, tathApi ina dharmomeM daivI pUjya puruSoMkI bhI kamI nahIM hai / itanA hI nahIM rAma, kRSNa, Adi bhI paramAtmAke avatAra honeke hI kAraNa pUjya haiM / bauddhadharma bhI yadyapi jagatkartA nahIM mAnatA aura manuSya buddha kI hI pUjA karatA hai tathApi bauddhoMkA vizvAsa thA ki nirvANa prApta buddha athavA vodhisattva bhaktoMkI nirvANa yAtrAmeM athavA tadartha sAdhanAmeM sahAyaka hote haiM / aisI mAnyatAko vizuddha 'dRSTavAda' nahIM kahA jA sakatA / nirdoSa evaM sabala dRSTa (karma) vAda kisI bhI rahasyamaya adRSTa kAraNako nahIM mAnatA / zatiyoM pahile hue vyaktiko apane anuyAyiyoMke aAtmika vikAsameM sahAyaka mAnanA jaina sAdhaka svameva jainadharma-vidroha hai kyoMki yaha svabhAva ( prakRti ) viruddha hai| vivekI sAdhaka svayameva jainadharmakI azaraNa-anuprekSA para AkRSTa ho jAtA hai aura aAtmasiddhike mArga para bar3hatA jAtA hai | "he Atmana ? saMsArameM tuma duHkha paramparA ho, koI tumhArI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA, samyagjJAna prApta karake tuma hI apanI rakSA kara sakate ho, sanmArgapara Ate hI pApa-zoka svayaM naSTa ho jAyage" zrA0somadevakI yaha mAnasI vRtti zuddha sAdhaka (jainI) kI ho jAtI hai / vaha tIrthaGkarako bhI dayA yA kRpA svIkAra nahIM kara sakatA / yahI zuddha jainadRSTi hai / jainapUjAkA Adarza-- taba tIrthaMkara zrAdarza kyoM ? aura unakI mUrtikI pUjA aAtmasiddhimeM sAdhaka kyoM ? kyoM ki tIrthakara saMsArase pare haiM, na ve kisIke bhalemeM aura na buremeM taba unakI pUjAse prayojana ? satya hai,sAdhaka-vAdhaka, rUpase unakI pUjA nahIM hai / jainamUrti pUjAkA uddezya to mAnavake carma tathA jJAna-netroMke sAmane sAMsArika tyAgake vizuddha evaM mahAnatama Adarzako rakhanA hai| jisake dvArA AtmAkA zrAtyantika vizuddha vikAsa hotA hai / arthAt tuma bhI mere samAna tIrthakara ho sakate ho yahI jainapUjAkA sAra hai| jaina mUtipUjA avazya hai para yaha 'mUrtimAn (Adarza ) kI pUjA' hai / phalataH jainI apane pUjana-dhyAna puruSArtha dvArA Atmasiddhi karatA hai pUjya ( aAdarza ) tIrthaMkaroMkI kRpAse nahIM / "jaba citta bahimukha evaM caMcala ho taba manuSyako paMcaparameSThIkA dhyAna karanA caahiye| isase moha tathA bhogecchA samApta hotI haiM aura citta zAnta ho jAtA hai / paryApta abhyAsa dvArA jaba citta zAnta svastha ho jAya taba zuddha, jJAnI evaM zAzvata Atma svarUpakA dhyAna kare / " zrI brahmadevakA yaha Adarza hI jaina pUjana-dhyAnakA Adarza hai / cakravartI- jainadRSTimeM manuSyagati sarvazreSTa hai| yadi jainadharma 'sezvara' hai to mAnava tIrthaGkara hI usake Izvara haiM, ve manuSya rUpameM Izvara nahIM; apitu Izvara hone vAle manuSya haiM / arthAt jainadharma mAnavadharma hai / usake kulakara vaidika manuoMke samAna paramabrahmakI santAna na hokara sAdhAraNamanuSya the, jainadeva bhI ve manuSya aura 279
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha manuSyase hIna jIva haiM jo marakara svarga meM janma lete haiM / samasta jaina mahApuruSa manuSya hI the| yahI mAnava tAmaya dRSTi jainadharma tathA vizvake samasta dharma aura savizeSa vaidika dharmameM mahAn bheda kara detI hai / phalataH jaina cakravartI bhI nara the, nArAyaNake avatAra nahIM / ye vizva vijayI samrATa nara the jinhoMne vizvake chahoM khaNDoM para zAsana kiyA tathA antameM jaino dIkSA lekara Atma siddhi bhI kI / bharata, sagara, maghavA, sanatku. mAra, zAntinAtha, kuMthanAtha, aranAtha, sabhUma, padma, mahApadma, hariSeNa, jaya tathA brahmadatta ye bAraha cakravartI hae haiN| inameM bharata tathA sagara pradhAna haiN| vaidika sAhityane bhI bharatakI bhari bhari prazaMsA kI hai| RSi vAlmIkine dAzarathi bharatako Adarza bhAI batAyA hai / pANDavoM tathA kauravoMke pUrva puruSa bharatakI kIrti vedavyAsane gAyI hai| tIsare jar3a bharatakI yazogAthA bhI vizAla hai| hamAre dezako bhAratavarSa nAma denevAle bharatabhI suvidita haiM / kaviyoMke kulaguru nATyazAsrake racayitA bharatako kauna nahIM jAnatA / jaina purANoMke bharatabhI prAcAra, rAjanIti tathA nRtyazAstrake paNDita the| unake nAmAnusAra hI hamArA deza bharatakhaNDa kahalAyA / ye bha0 RSabhadevake jyeSTha putra the, pitAke muni ho jAne para rAjya siMhAsana para baiThe the / inhe 'cakra-ratna' kI prApti huI thI jo cakravartI ke sivA nArAyaNa pratinArAyaNako bhI siddha hotA hai| isa vRttAkAra sundara (sudarzana) cakrapara sahasra devatA paharA dete haiN| calAnevAleke sambandhiyoMke sivA yaha zastra sabako nizcita mAra detA hai| isake dvArA nArAyaNa, prati-nArAyaNako mAratA hai / kintu nArAyaNa para calAye jAnepara vaha usakI parikramA karake unake hAthameM calA jAtA hai| bharata tathA bAhubali bharata cakravartIne isa cakradvArA pUre vizvako vijaya kiyA thaa| vijaya yAtrAse lauTanepara cakra rAjadhAnIke dvAra para ruka gayA / naimittikoMne batAyA aApake vaimAtura bhAI bAhubaline Apako samrATa nahIM mAnA hai / isapara donoM bhAiyoMkI senAeM lar3aneko prastuta ho gyiiN| maMtriyoMne narasaMhAra bacAneke lie 'dvandva' kI sammati dii| bAhabaline bharatako dRSTi, jala tathA mallayaddha meM parAsta kiyaa| kapita bharatane cakra calA diyA jo bandhu bAhubalikA kucha bhI na kara sakA / bAhubaliko vairAgya huaA aura ve dIkSA lekara muni ho gye| dazamI zatImeM cAmuNDarAya dvArA nirmita zravaNabelagolA kI 57 phI0 unnata vizAla vIratA, vairAgya tathA karuNA barasAne vAlI gommaTeza bAhubali mUrti aAjabhI isa samasta kathAnakako mAnasa cakSutroM para aMkita kara detI hai| isake bAda bharatakA cakravartI-abhiSeka huaaa| yaha suyogya parama dhArmika zAsaka the / inhoMne mAnava-samAjakI vyavasthAko sudRr3ha banAyA thaa| paThana-pAThana, pUjana-dhyAna ko protsAhana dene ke lie inhoMne cauthA brAhmaNa varNa sthApita kiyA thA / apane pUjya pitAkI nirvANabhUmi kailAza parvatapara bahattara jinamandira banavAye the / antameM inhoMne dIkSA lI aura antarmuhUrtameM kaivalya prApta kiyA thaa| 280
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa cakravartI sagara-- rAmAyaNake azvamedha yajJakartA sagara, unake yajJa-azvakI indra dvArA corI, adholokameM kapila RSike nikaTa bAMdhanA, sagarake putroMkA bhUmi khodakara sAgara ( samudra ) banAte hue ghor3e ko khojanA, RSikI cora samajha kara avajJA karanA, unakI kopAgnimeM bhasma honA, inake uddhArake lie, sagarase bhagIratha takakI sAdhanA tathA gaMgAvataraNa bhAratakI suvidita kathAyeM haiN| jaina purANoMke sagara cakravartI the tathA inake sATha sahastra pratApI putra the| putroMne pitAse karyAdeza cAhA phalataH unhoMne kailAza parvatapara sthita ukta bahattara jina mandiroMko surakSita banAneke lie usake cAroM ora khAyI khodakara gaMgAnadIke pAnIse bhara denekI AjJA dI jise unhoMne pUrNa kiyaa| maNiketu nAmakA vidyAdhara samrATa sagarakA mitra thA jo inheM saMsArase virakta karanA cAhatA thA para sagarakA moha zAnta na hotA thA ataH usane eka yukti nikAlI-usane sarparUpa dhAraNa karake kailAzapara kAma karane vAle sagara putroMko viSa jvAlAse mRtavat mUJchita kara diyaa| phira brAhmaNakA rUpa dhAraNa karake apane putrake zavako lekara sagarake pAsa gayA aura putrako jIvita karanekI prArthanA kii| sagarane saMsArakI anityatAkA pATha par3hAkara dIkSA lenekI sammati dii| isapara brAhmaNane sagarako putroMkI kailAzapara huI tathokta mRtyukA samAcAra dekara muni honekA kAku (vyaGgaya) kiyA / sagarane rAnI vidarbhAke putra bhagIrathako rAjya dekara dIkSA lii| isake bAda maNiketune kailAzake nikaTa gaMgA taTapara saba putroMko cetana kara diyaa| ve saba bhI muni ho gaye / pitAke nirvANake bAda bhAgIrathane bhI aura ghora tapa kiyaa| devoMne aAkara gaMgA jalase unakA abhiSeka kiyA, abhiSeka jala unake pairoM ke nIcese phira gaMgAmeM gyaa| usI dinase gaMgA bhAgIrathI kahalAyI aura puNya mAnI jAne lgii| isake bAda bhagIrathakA nirvANa ho gyaa| rugarake varNanoMkI vizeSa chAna bInake vinA hI itanA kahA jA sakatA hai ki gaMgA; jaina dRSTi meM svargase aAne. brahmAke kamaNDaluse nikalane athavA zivajIke mastakapara giranese pavitra nahIM hai, apitu mAnava RSi bhagIrathake puNya caraNodakake pravAhake kAraNa pavitra ho gayI hai| arthAt yaha varNana bhI jainadharma meM pradhAna mAnavatAkA poSaka hai| nArAyaNa-- brahmavaivarta purANa' tathA viSNupurANa ke lokottara daiva puruSa nArAyaNa bhI jainadharmameM manuSya the / ve vizva niyantA paramabrahma nahIM the jo ki pRthvI para Aye hoN| 1 nara zabdakA artha mukti hai, jisameM mukta AtmA paramabrahma tulya ho jAtA hai ataH Izvara nArAyaNa hai| athavA nara-pApI, usakA ayana-mArga (mokSa) ataeva nArAyaNa paramabrA hai| athavA nara tathA ayanake artha mukti tathA jJAna bhI hai / 2 nara arthAt Apa (jala) athavA manuSya santAna ataeva kSIra samudra nivAsa athavA avArake kAraNa paramabrahma 36 281
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jaina nArAyaNa mahAzakti zAlI mAnava hai jo pRthvIke tIna khaMDoMpara hI zAsana karatA hai tathA muni dIkSA vinA liye hI rAjya karatA, karatA mara jAtA hai tathA uttara bhavoMmeM mukta hotA hai / jaina mAnyatAnusAra tripRSTa, dvipRSTa, svayaMbhU , puruSottama, puruSasiMha, puNDarIka, datta, lakSmaNa tathA kRSNa ye nau nArAyaNa hue hai inameM lakSmaNa aura kRSNa vaidika mAnyatAke pradhAna puruSa haiM ataH unakA hI yahAM vivecana kreNge| __ jaina dRSTi se nArAyaNa manuSya hai, vaidika dRSTimeM vaha parama brahma hai tathA pAparata mAnava jAtikA uddhAraka hai / 'nAra' tathA 'nArAyaNa' donoM zabdoMkA artha 'manuSya putra' hai| isa dRSThise hama 'jIsasakI 'manuSya putratA' ke niSkarSapara pahuMcate haiM "kisI manvantarameM nArAyaNa nara RSike putra hote haiM / " yaha mAnyatA bhI jIsasake zrAkhyAnakI samakakSa hai kyoMki 'manuSya putra hokara bhI vaha patipta mAnavatAkA uddhAraka Izvara thaa| phalataH nArAyaNake zabdArtha ke viSayameM jaina, vaidika tathA IsAI ekamatase hI haiN| prati-nArAyaNa nArAyaNoMke zatruoMko pratinArAyaNa nAma diyA gayA hai| pratyeka prati-nArAyaNa, nArAyaNake cakrase maratA hai, marakara naraka jAtA hai aura aneka bhava bAda mukti prApta karatA hai / azvagrIva, tAraka, meraka, madhu, nizuMbha, balA, prahalAda, rAvaNa tathA jarAsaMdha nau jaina pratinArAyaNa haiM / inameM se kuchake kukarmoMke zrAkhyAnase vaidika zAstra bhare par3e haiM / azvagrIva, madhukaiTabha, tAraka, nizuMbha, bali Adike viSayameM jahAM vaidika tathA jaina kathAgrantha sahamata haiM vahIM ve prahalAdake viSayameM bhinna haiM / vaidika mAnyatAmeM prahlAda bhakti aura aArAdhanAkI mUrti evaM pradhAna nArAyaNabhakta haiM / rAvaNa aura jarAsaMdha to pramukha pratinArAyaNa haiM hii| balabhadra-- jaina balabhadra nArAyaNoMke bar3e vaimAtura bhAI hote haiM / inakA nArAyaNoM para apAra sneha hotA hai| ye dIkSA dhAraNa karate haiM aura marakara uccatama svarga yA mokSa pAte haiM / acala, vijaya, bhadra, suprabha, sudarzana, Ananda, nandana, padma, ( rAma ) tathA rAma ( balabhadra ) jaina mAnyatAke nava-balabhadra haiM / nava-balabhadroMmeMse padma (zrIrAma ) tathA baladeva pramukha haiM / vaidika purANoMke to ye pradhAna nAyaka hI haiN| ___Uparake saMkSipta varNanase aisI AzaMkA ho sakatI hai ki jaina nArAyaNa, pratinArAyaNAdi caritra rAmAyaNa mahAbhAratake rUpAntara mAtra hoM ge / kintu vastu sthiti aisI nahIM hai| vaidika sAhityameM rAma-kRSNa, nArAyaNa tathA lakSmaNa-baladeva ananta haiN| jayadeva, aAdine baladevajIko bhI nArAyaNa likhA hai, isa aAdhArase jaina balabhadra-nArAyaNa, adike kramakI puSTi hotI hai| isa prakAra paryApta samatA hote hue bhI donoM varNanoMmeM bahuta vailakSaNya bhI hai jaisA ki nimna varNanase spaSTa hogaa| hI nArAyaNa kahalAtA hai| athavA nara prakRtise pare paccIsavAM tattva hai, narakI kRti 'nAra' kahalAtA haiM ataeva sArI sRSTikA AdhAra hone ke kAraNa bhagavAn nArAyaNa hai| 282
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa padmacarita-- padma ( rAma ) carita aura vAlmIki rAmAyaNameM bahuta samatA hai / padma janma, zikSA-dIkSA, vivAha, abhiSeka tathA vanavAsake varNanoMmeM vizeSa antara nahIM hai / sUrpaNakhAko candranakhA kahA hai / isakI zrAsaktiko lekara kharadUSaNase yuddha hotA hai / rAvaNa vanameM AtA hai aura sotAke rakSaka bhAIko dUsare bhAIkI vipattikA samAcAra dekara chala karatA hai / sItApaharaNa, azoka vRkSake nIce rakhanA, sugrIvakA uddhAra, sugrIvakA bhogarata honA, lakSmaNakA krodha, hanumAnadvArA sItAkA cUDAmaNi lAnA, hanumAna rAkSasa yuddha, indrajIta kI nAgapAzameM baMdhanA, bhArI hAni karake vApasa AnA, vibhISaNakA rAvaNako upadeza, vibhISaNa-rAmasandhi, yuddha, lakSmaNa para zakti prahAra tathA antameM lakSmaNa dvArA rAvaNakA mArA jAnA, vibhISaNako laMkAkA rAja, tInoMkA ayodhyA vApasa AnA, rAmakA surAjya, janatAmeM sItAkA pracchanna apavAda, sItAtyAga, lavakuza janma, patroM dvArA rAma-lakSamaNa parAjaya, mAtAkI pavitratAkA khyApana, sItAkI agniparIkSA. Adi samAna bAteM haiM / vailakSaNya-- jaina varNanAnusAra dazaratha-putra tathA janaka-putrIko rAvaNake patanakA kAraNa kisI manine batAyA thaa| phalataH usake bhIta honepara vibhISaNane donoM rAjAoMko niHsantAna mAra denekA vacana dekara use sAhasa dilAyA thA / nAradase yaha samAcAra pAkara donoM rAjA jaMgalameM cale gaye the / rAjA atyanta asvastha haiM kahakara zayyA para unakI mUrtiyAM liTA dI gayI thIM jinake zira vibhISaNa dvArA bheje gaye hatyAroMne kATa kara rAvaNake sAmane upasthita kara diye the| rAjA janakake yugala santAna huI thI / inameMse lar3akekA pUrvabhavakA vairI use curA le gayA thaa| apane kukarmakA dhyAna Ate hI usane lar3akeko rathanU purake rAjA candragatike yahAM chor3a diyA / aura inhoMne bhAmaNDala nAma rakhakara apanI santAnake samAna use pAlA thaa| sItAke saundarya kI carcAse yaha AkRSTa thA ataH svayaMvarameM rAmako saphala sunakara unase lar3ane AyA, kintu apanA vAstavika sambandha smaraNa karake bahinake vivAha meM sAnanda sammilita huA thaa| lakSmaNajIne vanavAsameM siMhodarako harAkara usake rAjyakA AdhA bhAga jinabhakta vajrakarNako diyA thaa| nalakUbara nareza bAlakhilyakI bhIloMse rakSA kI thii| bAlakhilyakI putrI vanamAlA unase prema karane lagI thii| rAjA pRthvIdevakI putrI kalyANamAlAko AtmahatyAse bacAyA tathA aneka vivAha kiye| hanUmAnajIkA zrIzaila nAmase ullekha hai| tathA inheM kAmadeva arthAt sundara evaM sabala puruSa batAyA hai / dazarathake varadAnoMkI kathA bhI rocaka hai / rAvaNake bhayase vanavAsameM ghUmate hue dazaratha kekaya 283
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha deza pahuMce aura rAjaputrIke svayaMvara maNDapameM jA pahuMce / kaikayIne inheM hI varaNa kiyA phalataH zeSa rAjAoM se ghora saMgrAma hunA jisameM kaikayIne sArathikA kAma kiyA aura patikI vijayakA kAraNa huI / rAjAne do vara mAMganeko kahA jinheM kaikayIne ucita samayapara lenekI bAta kaha kara chor3a diyA / aura rAmake abhiSeka ke samaya rAmako vanavAsa tathA bharatako rAjya mAMgA / rAmasItA vivAha prasaMga bhI bhinna hai / mayUramati mleccha rAjA zraMzaraGgalane janakake Upara AkramaNa kiyA / bhIta videharAjane dazarathase sahAyatA maaNgii| rAma aura lakSmaNa sahAyatAko gaye tathA mlecchoMko akele hI mAra bhagAyA / kRtajJatAmeM janakane sItA rAma se vyAhanekA vacana diyaa| nArada sItA ke saundarya para AkRSTa the ataH use dekhane gaye / darpaNa ke sAmane khar3I sItA daDhiyala virUpa pratibimba dekhate hI DarAkara bhAga gayI / nAradane bhAmaNDalako sItA se vivAha karaneke lie ukasAyA, candragatine sItAko putravadhU rUpase mAMgA kintu pUrva pratijJAvaza janaka use svIkAra na kara sake / phalataH sItA ke svayaMvara meM vajrAvarta tathA sAgarAvarta dhanuSoM ke caDhAne kI samasyA utpanna kI gayI aura rAma-lakSmaNa hI sarvazreSTha siddha hue / I jaTAyu kathA bhI bhinna hai / daNDakAraNya meM rahate samaya rAma muniyoMkI pratIkSA kara rahe the ki usI samaya gupti aura sugupti muni eka mAsake upavAsake bAda vahAMse nikale / rAmane unheM AhAradAna diyA / vRkSapara baiThA giddha isase itanA prabhAvita huA ki vaha muniyoMke caraNa meM gira pdd'aa| dayA karake muniyoMne use zrAvakAcArakA upadeza diyA, jise usane grahaNa bhI kiyA / sItA haraNakI kathA bhI dUsare rUpameM hai / vana meM lakSmaNako sUryahAsya khaDgakI gaMdha AyI jise lekara unhoMne eka vaM soMke jhuNDapara parakhA / chUte hI vaha kaTa gayA aura usameM sUrya hAsyake lie tapa lona kharadUSaNakA putra zambUka bhI kaTa gayA / pratidinakI bhAMti bhojana lekara zrAnepara mAtA candranakhAne apane putrako marA pAyA / ghAtakakA patA lagAne ko nikalane para usane donoM bhAiyoMko dekhA aura unapara mohita ho gayI / pamAnita huI phalataH yuddha huA / jaina mAnyatAmeM kharadUSaNa eka vyakti hai / rAmAyaNakI zUda zambUka kI hatyA ke anucita kArya se jainapurANone rAmako khUba bacAyA hai / jaba rAvaNa apane bahanoIkI sahAyatArtha rahA thA to usane vimAna meM se sItAko dekhA, mohita hokara lakSmaNakA ArtanAda kiyA jise sunate hI rAma sahAyatArtha dor3a gaye aura vaha sItAko le bhAgA / virAdha nAmaka daityako vanameM bhAiyoMne mArA thA kintu jaina kathAnusAra paTalalaMkA ke rAjA virAdhitane lakSmaNakI kharadUSaNa ke viruddha sahAyatA kI thI aura sItAharaNa ke bAda zoka saMtapta bhAiyoMkA mArga pradarzana kiyA thA / sabase bar3A vailakSaNya to yaha hai ki jaina kathAmeM kiSkandhAke sugrIva, Adi vAnara rAvaNa ke 284
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa vaMzaja evaM mitra the / hanUmAnajI rAvaNake dAmAda the / rAvaNa tathA rAkSasa daitya nahIM the apitu ye jainI sadgRhastha the tathA inhI vAnaravaMzI hanUmAnAdikI sahAyatA se sItAkA uddhAra huA thA / sAhasagati nAmake vyaktine mAyArUpa dhAraNa karake sugrIvakI patnIko chalanA cAhA thA / phalataH vApasa zrAnepara jaba dvArapAlAdine usa mahalake bhItara na jAne diyA, taba rAma-lakSamaNa kI sahAyatA se usane sAhasagati ko mAra kara antaHpura tathA rAjya bacAyA isa prakAra jaina purANa bAliko bhrAtRbadhU- gamana tathA rAmako chala-vadhake pApase bacAtA hai / lakSmaNane koTizilA uThAkara vAnara vaMziyoMko yaha vizvAsa dila diyA thA ki unakA janma rAvaNako mAraneke lie hI huA thA / jaina purANoM meM setu banAnekI kathA nahIM hai, meghanAda, indrajIta do bhAI the rAvaNa ke putra nahIM / lakSmaNakI zaktikA upacAra vraNameghakI putrI vizalyAkA snAna jala batAyA hai / hanUmAna use vimAnameM lAye the tathA usake snAna jalako lagAne se saba sainika bhI svastha ho gaye the / anta meM vaha lakSmaNako vyAhI gayI thI / isI prakAra lakSmaNapara rAvaNane cakra calAyA jo unake hAthameM zrAgayA phira vahI cakra lakSmaNane rAvaNapara calAyA aura mAra ddaalaa| yaha jaina varNana vaidika 'mRtyuvANa' kathA ke sadRza hai / kumbhakarNa, indrajIta meghanAda yuddha meM bandI banAye gaye the mukta hote hI sAdhu hogaye aura tapa karake zrAtmasiddhi kI / yuddha samApti para jaba tInoM ayodhyA zrAye to lakSmaNako rAjA banAnekA prastAva huA para unhoMne svIkAra nahIM kiyA rAma rAjA huye / kaikayI, mandodarI, dine dIkSA dhAraNa kii| mathurAke rAjA madhuko durAcaraNa ke kAraNa haTA diyA gayA thA usake sthAna para zutrughnako rAjA banAyA gayA thA / sItAke punaH vanavAsakI kathA samAna honepara bhI ve vAlmIki - zrAzrama meM nahIM gayI thIM / puNDarIkapura ke rAjA vajrajaMghane unheM apane yahAM Aneko nimantraNa diyA thaa| unake putroMke nAma anaGgalavaNa aura madanAkuMza the| pitA kAkAse yuddha, inakI vijaya, sItAkI abhiparIkSA zrAdikA ullekha pahale ho cukA / antameM sItA pRthvImatI zrArthikAse dIkSA letI haiM / rAma lakSmaNakI mRtyu kathA bhI vicitra hai / bhAiyoMke snehakI parIkSA karaneke lie devoMne rAmako mUrcchita karake lakSmaNako unake maraNakA samAcAra diyA / sunate hI lakSmaNake prANa pakherU ur3a jAte haiM / cetana honepara rAma pUre chaha mAsa taka lakSmaNakA zarIra lekara ghUme antameM apane kAryakI vyarthatA ko jAnakara unhoMne saMsAra chor3akara tapa karanA prArambha kiyA aura mokSa gaye / kukalpanA parihAra- jaisA ki pahale ullekha ho cukA hai rAkSasa, vAnara, Adi na daitya the aura na bandara / jaina purANa inheM vidyAdhara kahate haiM arthAt ye rAmacandrajIke samAnahI saMskRta the / mahAbhArata tathA purANoM ke zrAryaanArya vivecana ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha jaina mAnyatA sarvathA ucita evaM mAnavatA pUrNa 285
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________________ voM-abhinandana-grantha hai / itanA hI nahIM ye sacce jainI the / isI kAraNa katipaya vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki vAlmIki zrAdi prAcAryoM ne dakSiNa deza vAsiyoM ko rAkSasa Adi likhA hogaa| kintu yaha tarka nissAra pratIta hotA hai kyoMki chaThI sAtavIM zatIke pahile dharmabheda aisA utkaTa na thA / eka vyApaka bhAratIya dharma thA jisameM jaina, bauddha tathA vaidika dharmake samasta siddhAnta nihita the / dhArmika AsthAke viSayameM loga pUrNa svatantra tathA sahiSNu the / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina, vaidika tathA bauddha purANa granthoM meM dUsare dharmokA khaNDana maNDana nindA, to bahuta bar3I bAta hai ullekha bhI nahIM miltaa| saba apane pUjya puruSoMkA varNana karate haiM / itanA ho nahIM vaidika tathA jaina mAnyatAke rAma, Adi zalAkA puruSa eka hI haiN| yadi vAlmIkiko rAkSasa kaha kara dAkSaNAtya jainoMkA apamAna hI karanA hotA to ve jainoMke padma (rAma) ko apanA nAyaka kyoM batAte ataH spaSTa hai ki rAvaNAdike vaMzoMke nAma hI rAkSasa, aAdi the / ve saMskRta pratibhAzAlI puruSa the / dhArmika dveSa abhAratIya-- yadyapi zazAMka dvArA bodhivRkSakA kATanA,bauddhAcAryoM dvArA zaMkarAcAryako telakI ubalatI kar3AI meM DAla denA tathA zaMkarAcArya dvArA jaina mandira mUtiyoMkA anavarata vinAza aisI ghaTanAoM ke ullekha idharake bhAratIya itihAsameM milate haiM tathApi yaha nizcita haiM ki aisI ghaTanAeM sthAnIya evaM vyakti vizeSa kRta thiiN| bhAratIya janamata itanA saMkucita evaM patita kabhI nahIM huA hai| karma, punarjanma, aAdi siddhAnta sarvamAnya rahe haiM / janameM dhArmika sahiSNutA tathA sauhArda hI rahA hai| chaThI zatI I0 pU0 ke bAda bhI zreNika athavA bimbasAra, candragupta maurya, azoka, zaka vijetA candragupta kA saba dharmoMke granthoM meM AtmarUpase varNana tathA harSakA 'sarva dharme samAnatvam' zrAdi ukta janamatake hI poSaka haiM / kyA padmacarita rUpaka mAtra hai !-- yadyapi padmacaritako bhUtArtha mAnanevAle manISiyoMkA bAhulya hai tathApi katipaya aise vidvAn bhI haiM jo pUrI kathAko sItA bhUmijA athavA 'jutA kheta' athavA zakti tathA rAma (zuddha pUrNa puruSa) kA rUpaka hI mAnate haiM / kintu vastu sthiti isake sarvathA pratikUla hai / rAmake vaMzajoM kI upasthitike atirikta bhaugolika, vAstuvidyA sambandhI tathA anya sAkSI itane adhika haiM ki rAma-sItAko kalpanA prasUta mAnanA buddhike sAtha balAtkAra hI ho gA / jaina purANoM kA rAmavarNana to nirNAyaka pramANa hai ki rAmAdi aitihAsika puruSa the kyoMki mAyA (sItA) kA paramabrahma (rAma) se milana aisA vedAntakI mAnyatAkA samarthana karaneke lie vaijJAnika jainAcArya kabhI itanA zrama na krte| unake lie yaha mithyAtvakA poSaNa hotA jise ve kadApi svIkAra na krte| yahI niSkarSa bauddha rAmakathAse nikAlA jA sakatA hai, yadyapi usameM sItAkA rAmakI bahina rUpase citraNa hai| paghAtabhapAta 283
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa isIprakAra zrI ra0ca0 dattakA anumAna 'rAmAyaNa vaidika ghaTanAkA rUpaka hai, arthAt isameM indra (rAma) ke dvArA vRttase meghoM (sItA) ke uddhArakI kathA hai, bhI ukta yuktiyoMke kAraNa hI nahIM TikatA / vedAhya dharma jaina athavA bauddha trikAlameM bhI vaidika mAnyatAke poSaka varNana ko itanA mahattva na dete sAtha hI sAtha kalpanAkI nUtanatAke lie likhita pramANoMkI upekSA bhI vAJchanIya nahIM hai / jaise ki jaina purANa bhI rAmako kaurava pANDavoMkA pUrvavartI likhate haiM tathApi katipaya vidvAna ina saba sAhityika pramANoM kI upekSA karake mahAbhAratako rAmAyaNa se pahile le jAnA cAhate haiM, astu / jainapurANoMkA mAnavatApUrNa sayuktika varNana AjabhI zodhakoMke mArga kA zrAloka ho sakatA hai / kRSNacarita -- vaidika mAnyatA meM vRndAvanakI rAsalIlA kA nAyaka yuvaka, kurukSetrakA mahAzikSaka vIrAgraNI tathA rAjanItijJoMke kulaguru zrIkRSNakI kathAkA jainarUpa bhI bar3A AkarSaka hai| isake anusAra ye antima nArAyaNa the / yAdavavaMzI mahArAja vAsudevake devakIkI kukSise kRSNa tathA rohiNIse rAma ( baladeva ) utpanna hue the / mathurAdhipa ugrasena, unakA putrakaMsa, magadhAdhipa jarAsaMdha, rukmiNI, Adi rAniyAM tathA bahuta kucha varNana samAna hai / antameM dvIpAyana munikI virAdhanA ke kAraNa dvArakA jalakara bhasma hotI hai aura dhokhe meM eka zrAkheTakake bANa se kRSNajIkA dehAvasAna hotA hai / vailakSaNya- yaduvaMza - kA prArambha yayAtise na ho kara mathurAke prAcInatama rAjA hI se hotA hai jisake vaMza yadu nAmakA rAjA huA thA / isake uttarAdhikArI apaneko yAdava kahane lage the / yadukA putra zura thA jisake putra zauri tathA suvIra the| mathurA rAjya suvIrako dekara zaurine kuzArta deza meM rAjya sthApita kiyA thA jahAM usake andhaka vRSNi, Adi putra hue tathA suvIrake putra bhojaka vRSNa kahalAye / putrako rAjya dekara suvIra apane sindhudezake nagara sauvIrapura meM rahane lagA thA usake hI putra pautra ugrasena tathA kaMsa the / samudra vijaya, akSobhya, stamita, sAgara, himavAna, aihala, dharaNa, pUrNa, abhicandra tathA vAsudeva ye daza andhakavRSNi ke putra the / inakI donoM putriyAM kuntI tathA mAdrI pANDu tathA damaghoSa se vivAhI thIM / kuntIke putra pANDava the tathA damaghoSakA putra zizupAla thA / vAsudevajIkA jaina varNana bar3A hI rocaka hai / ye itane sundara the ki striyAM dekhate hI inapara mugdha ho jAtI thIM / phalataH nAgarika lalanAoM ke zIlako surakSita rakhane ke lie hI snehI bar3e bhAI samudravijayane inheM ghara meM raha kara lalita kalAoM abhyAsa karane kI preraNA kI thii| kintu eka kuTila dAsIne unase isa sneha kArAgArake viSaya meM kaha diyA / phalataH nagara ke bAhara apanI AtmahatyA kI sUcanA ke sAtha eka murde ko jalAkara ye bhAga nikle| tathA 287
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha varSoM ghUmate tathA saikar3oM vivAha karate hue eka dina rudhira rAjAke nagarameM pahuMca kara mRdaMgavAdakake vezameM unakI putrI rohiNIkI svayaMvara sabhAmeM jA khar3e hue| rohiNIne inheM ho varaNa kiyA phalataH samudravijayake netRtvameM ajJAta kulazIla nIca yuvakase yuddha chir3A kintu turanta hI samudravijayane inheM pahicAna liyA aura yuddha bhrAtRmilanameM parivartita ho gayA / kasa-kI kathA bar3I rocaka hai / jaba vaha apanI mAtA dhariNIke garbha meM thA taba use apane pati ugrasenakA mAMsa khAnekI icchA huii| phalataH bAlakakI ghAtakatA spaSTa ho gyii| isIlie usake utpanna hote hI use mRtaka kaha kara nadImeM bahA diyA gyaa| isa peTIko eka seThane uThAyA aura niHsantAna hone ke kAraNa bAlakako bar3A kiyA; jo ki atyanta udaNDa evaM duSTa thA ataH vaha kumAra vAsudevakI sevAmeM rakha diyA gayA jahAM usakI kumArase bar3I prIti ho gayI tathA kumArake sAtha usane astravidyA evaM raNakalA siikhii| ___ jarAsaGgha-apane samayakA pradhAnatama rAjA thA usakA pratyeka zAsana sarvatra mAnya thaa| eka dina usane rAjA samudravijayako siMhapurAdhIza siMharathake hAtha paira bAMdhakara apanI sabhAmeM upasthita karanekI AjJA dI aura yaha bhI ghoSita kiyA ki jo siMharathako bandI banAkara, lAye gA use apanI putrI jIvadyazA tathA yatheccha rAjya duuNgaa| samudravijayane yuddhakI taiyArI ko kintu isa yuddhako vAsudevane karanA cAhA ataeva kaMsako sAtha lekara unhoMne AkramaNa kiyA aura ghora saMgrAma ke bAda siMharathako bandI banAkara jarAsaMdhakI rAjasabhAmeM bheja diyaa| kintu usakI mAtR-pitRkula vighAtinI jIvadyazAse vivAha karaneko taiyAra na hue / yataH kaMsane siMharathake hAtha paira bAMdhe the ataH usase vivAha ho sakatA thaa| kintu zreSThipatra kaMsase vivAhakI bAta sunate hI jarAsaMgha jala uThatA / isa dvividhAke samaya hI seThane kaMsake vAstavika mAtA pitAkA paricaya de diyaa| phalataH jIvadyazA usase vyAha dI gyii| kintu kaMsa apane mAtA pitA para atyanta kupita huA aura magadhakI senAko sahAyatAse unheM harA kara tathA bandI banAkara svayaM mathurAkA rAjA bana baitthaa| vaha apane mitra vAsudevako kabhI na bhUla skaa| usake aAgraha tathA vinayase unhoMne usakI kakero bahina devakIse vivAha kiyA thaa| kaMsane vivAhotsava bar3I sAja sajjAke sAtha manAyA thaa| bhojameM madirAkI nadiyAM baha rahI thIM / yatheccha madirApAna karake saba unmatta the aisI avasthAmeM hI jIvadyazAne apane muni devarakA hAtha pakar3akara kAmAcArake lie kahA / krodhAvezameM munike mukhase nikala gayA ki isa bhraSTa vivAhakI santAna ho kaMsako mAre gii| isI kAraNa cetana hone para kaMsane vasudevajose apane bAlaka use denekI prArthanA kI thI jise sarala vAsudevane svIkAra kara liyA thaa| devakI santati-- devakIke lagAtAra chaha putra hue / tathA mahitapurakI seThAnI sulasAke bhI devakIke sAtha mRta 288
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa putra hote the / phalataH zIghratAse bacce badala diye jAte the jinhe nirdaya kaMsa masala kara pheMka detA thaa| sAtavIM santAna kRSNajI the jinhe nandakI dharmapatnI yazodAkI lar3akIke sAtha badalA gayA thaa| tathA kaMsane bhaviSya vANIko mithyA mAnakara lar3akIko nahIM mArA thaa| gopAla bAlikAoM ke sAtha krIDA, pUtanA tathA kaMsake logoMko mAranA tathA kaMsako mArakara ugrasenako punaH rAjA banAnekI kathA samAna hai| ugrasenakI punaH rAjyaprAptike avasarapara zrIkRSNajIkA prathama vivAha kaMsakI bahina satyabhAmAke sAtha huA thaa| samasta vizeSatAoMkA varNana na karake itanA likhanA paryApta hai ki jaina kRSNacaritakI sabase bar3I vizeSatA ariSTanemikA caritra hai jisakA Upara ullekha kara Aye haiM / kaurava-pANDava yuddha-kA jaina varNana vaidika mahAbhArata kathAse bahuta vilakSaNa hai / jaina kathAnusAra yaha yuddha pradhAnatayA kaurava-pANDava pratiyogitA hI na thii| kyoM ki kaMsakI vidhavA jIvadyazAne apane pitAke sAmane jAkara apanI duHkha kathA kahI / phalataH prabala pratApI jarAsaMdhane dvArakA sAmrAjyake svAmI kRSNa tathA yAdavoMke pratikUla yuddhakI tayArI kI / isa yuddha meM zizupAla, kaurava, Adi jarAsaMdhake pakSameM gaye tathA pANDava Adi zrIkRSNake pakSase lar3e / phalataH yaha yuddha jarAsaMdha-kRSNa yuddha thA tathA kRSNajIke hAtha hI jarAsaMdha marA thaa| dvArakA dahana tathA kRSNamRtyu-jaba ariSTanemiko kaivalya prApti ho cukI tathA divyadhvani ( upadeza ) khira rahI thI taba dvIpAyana muni dvArakAko naSTa kareMge tathA zrIkRSNajI apane vaimAtura bhAI jarAkumArake hAthase mareM ge' yai sunate hI saba stabdha raha gye| zAyada madirApAna dvArakAke nAzakA kAraNa ho ataH kRSNajIne madirA pAna niSedha karA diyA thA, dvIpAyana muni bhI dUra vanameM jAkara tapa karane lage the / "maiM apane bhAIko mArUMgA / kadApi nahIM, mere jIte jI koI bhaiyAkA bAla bhI na chU skegaa|" aisA nirNaya karake sazastra jarAkumAra dvArakAke cAroM ora vanoMmeM paharA dene lage the / vaizAkhake tApase trasta zAmbakA sahacara kAdambarI ( jahAM dvArakAkI madirA bharakara pheMka dI gayI thI) ke pAsa pahuMcA aura usane pAnIke sthAna para khUba madirA pI lii| tathA apane svAmIke lie bho le gayA / madirA pIte hI zAmba itanA lolupa huA ki donoM guphAmeM gaye aura itanI adhika piyo ki mUrchita ho gaye / vahIM dvIpAyana tapa kara rahe the zAmba ne inheM dekhA aura bolA 'yahI hamArI dvArakA kA nAza karegA ?' yaha sunate hI yAdava kumAroMne unapara AghAta kiye aura ve mRtavata mUrchita ho gye| yAdava kumAroMse yaha duHkhada samAcAra sunate hI kRSNa tathA balabhadra munirAjake pAsa gaye, kSamA yAcanA kI, kintu mRtyukI pIr3AmeM muni zAnta na ho sake mukhase nikala par3A "tuma donoMke atiriktakoI nahIM bace gA, dvArakA jalegI, saba naSTa ho jaayge|" udAsa manase kRSNajI lauTe ghoSaNA kara dI ki saba pavitra jIvana vyatIta kareM / svayaM bhI raivatakapara jAkara bha0 neminAthakA pravacana sunate the| 289 37
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha maraNa bigar3a jAneke kAraNa dvIpAyana marakara yakSa hue tathA pratizodha leneke lie dvArakA pahuMce, kintu vahAMkA dhArmika jIvana dekhakara vivaza ho gyaa| vaha gyAraha varSa taka pratIkSA karatA rhaa| tathA nirAza ho hI rahA thA ki dvArakAvAsI kaThora dhArmika jIvanase Ubane lge| logoMkA yaha bhAva dekhakara usakA sAhasa bar3hA aura jaba phira dvArakAmeM madirA bahI tathA mAMsa bhakSaNAdi anAcAra phailA vaha TUTa par3A / bhISaNa bavaNDara AyA tathA dvArakA bhabhaka utthii| yakSa zaktise kIlita yAdava itane nizakta' hogaye the ki kucha bhI na kara sake / sabase duHkhada maraNa to vAsudeva, rohiNI aura devakI kA thA jinheM bacAne ke lie rAma ( baladeva ) tathA kRSNane koI prayatna na chor3A thA / tathApi apanI AMkhoMke Age mAtA pitAko jalate dekhanA par3A thaa| isake bAda donoM bhAI nikala gaye aura dvIpAyanake utpAtameM dvArakA chaha mAsa taka jalatI rhii| kRSNa maraNa-isake bAda donoM bhAiyoMne pANDavoMke yahAM jAnekA nizcaya kiyaa| jaba ve kauzamba vanase jA rahe the to duHkhI, zokasaMtapta, zrAnta zrIkRSNajIko jorakI pyAsa lgii| ve thakakara baiTha gaye aura cintita tathA aniSTa aAzaMkAse pUrNa rAma jalako khojameM gaye / zrAnta kRSNa kapar3A aor3hakara par3a gaye aura so gaye / unakA ughaDA rakta pAdatala dUrase dikha rahA thaa| bAraha varSase vanameM ghUmate hue jarAkumArane dUrase hiraNa samajha kara bANa mArA / tIvra vedanAse kRSNajI jAga par3e aura mArakako pukArA usane apanI kathA kahI / bhAvIkI satyatApara vizvAsa karake kRSNajIne jarAkumArako gale lagAyA jo unheM dekhate hI mUJchita ho gayA thA, caitanya Anepara rone lagA, kRSNajIne kahA "jAzro, jo honA thA ho gayA, rAma yadi tumheM dekheM ge to mAra DAle ge|" marate bhAIkA Adeza mAnakara vaha calA gyaa| jaba kamalapatroMmeM pAnI lekara baladeva lauTe aura bhAIko cupa pAyA to pahile sotA smjhaa| phira mata samajhakara unakA viveka hI naSTa ho gayA / inake vilApa tathA chaha mAsa taka bhaTakanekI kathA itanI karuNAdra hai ki pattharako bhI AMsU A jAya / antameM unhoMne dAha saMskAra kiyA tathA muni ho gye| jaba ve marakara brahmaloka svarga gaye to vahAM utpAda zayyAse uThate hI unheM bhAIkI smRti AyI kintu svarga tathA manuSya lokameM unake jIvako na pA sake taba adholokoM (narakoM) meM dRSTi DAlI-aura vAlakA prabhAmeM bhAIko dekhA / vahIM pahuMce, lAnekA mohamaya prayatna kiyA kintu asaphala rahe / vivekI kRSNajIne batalAyA ki marate samaya maiM atyanta azAnta, kruddha tathA dvIpAyanake prati pratizodha pUrNa thA ataH merA yaha patana huA / aba to yaha sahanA hI hai / isake bAda maiM marakara madhyaloka, phira adholoka, phira vaimAnikadeva, tathA antameM jitazutrake 'zramAna' nAmakA tIrthaGkara putra hoU gaa| isake bAda kisa prakAra rAmakRSNako Izvara kA rUpa prApta huA, AdikA varNana hai / jaina kRSNakathA bhI yahI siddha karatI hai ki ve kAlpanika puruSa nahIM the apitu aitihAsika vyakti ye / huenasAMgakA varNana bhI isa niSkarSakA samarthaka hai| usane likhA hai "dharma athavA kurukSetra 290
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________________ paurANika jaina itihAsa thAnezvara ke pAsa thA / prAcIna bhAratameM do rAjA the. unameM satata yuddha huA thaa| pahile yaha nizcaya huA ki kucha viziSTa puruSa lar3eM aura usaparase jaya-parAjayakA nizcaya ho kintu janatA nahIM maanii| do meM se eka rAjAne yukti nikAlI aura eka brAhmaNase dhArmika pustaka likhAkara guphAmeM rakha dii| phira ghoSita kiyA ki use svapna meM eka pustaka dikhI hai / isapara saba loga guphAmeM gaye aura eka pustaka vahAM pAyI / pustaka par3hakara logoMko vizvAsa ho gayA ki yuddha meM maranese svarga milatA hai| loga lar3aneke lie prastuta hue / bhISaNa yuddha huA aura bhUmi zavoMse paTa gayI / tabhIse usa sthAna para asthipaMjaroMkI bahulatA hai|" isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki jaina kathA sAhitya prAcIna itihAsase bharA par3A hai| kevala eka 'pArjITara' kI patIkSA hai| tala NI IAL -Rahe PIPRn line SAVA
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________________ sArddhadvisahasrAbdika-vIra-zAsana zrI kAmatAprasAda jaina, DI0 ela0, ema0 Ara0 e0 esa0 ___ 'jainaM jayatu zAsanam' vAkyase lakSita vIra ( jina ) zAsanakI patAkAko phaharAte hue DhAI hajAra varSa pUrNa ho gaye haiN| jaina zAsana Aja bhI bhArata bhUmimeM prakAzamAna hai, yaha kama gauravakI bAta nahIM hai / yaha gaurava jaina zAsanakI ahiMsA mUlakatAkA supariNAma hai / ahiMsA-saMskRti jaina zAsanakA jIvana hai aura isIse usakA astitva satya, ziva tathA sundara hai / 'aAja jaina zAsana sarvAGgINa evaM sarvatobhadra nahIM rahA hai ? ThIka hai / bAhyavikArase koI bhI saMsArI bacA nahIM hai-jIvana parivartanazIla hai-svabhAvapara vibhAvakI vijaya hotI dekhI jAtI hai ! ataH zrAja yadi vIra prabhukA jina zAsana sAre lokameM sthUla dRSTise vijayo nahIM dikhatA to isameM aTapaTApana kyA hai ? unnati aura avanati sthUla jagatake do sahaja rUpa haiM / vIra zAsana ina donoM rUpoMke jhUlemeM jhUlatA AyA hai ! sUkSma dRSTi se dekhiye jina zAsana bhAva-rUpeNa sAre lokameM sadA jayazIla rahA hai aura rahe gA ! 'vatthu sahAvo dhammo' ke vaijJAnika siddhAnta ke kAraNa hI sadA saba sthAnoMpara pradhAnapada pAtA rahe gA / jainadharma bhAratase vAhara nahIM gayA ? DhAI hajAra varSoM ke isa lambe antarAlameM vIrazAsanakI katipaya mukhya ghaTanAoMkA ullekha karanA hI yahAM abhISTa hai ! jaina zAsana dharmapradhAna rahA hai / hAM, yaha bAta avazya hai ki usakA dharmakSetra kevala karma kANDameM sImita nahIM rahA ! phalataH usakI maryAdAko mAnane vAle kevala dhArmika gRhastha hI nahIM, bar3e-bar3e zAsaka aura yoddhA vyakti evaM jana samUha rahe haiM / isa lie jainazAsana dharma, samAja aura rAjanItiko hamezA anuprANita karatA AyA hai| ajaina aura pAzcAtya vidvAnoMne jo anveSaNa kiye haiM ve zlAghanIya haiM, paraMtu nirdhAnta nahIM kahe jA sakate / unako yaha dhAraNA hai ki jainadharma bhAratake bAhara gayA ho nahIM / jaina evaM bauddha mUrtiyoMke sUkSma antarako samajha lenA AsAna nahIM hai| kucha vidvAna to sara viliyama jonsake jamAnekI taraha Aja bhI jaina aura bauddhako eka samajhanekI bhrAnti kara rahe haiN| isIlie hAthI guMphAkA zilAlekha-mathurAkA jainastUpa, Adi bauddha anumAna kiye jAte rhe| Aja yaha bhrAnti dUra ho gayI hai aura vidvanmaMDalI jaina aura bauddha do svataMtra matoMko mAnane lagI hai; parantu yaha bhrAnti aba bhI 292
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________________ sArddhadvisahasrAbdika-vIra-zAsana tadavattha hai ki jainadharmakA astitva bhAratake bAhara nahIM rahA hai isa bhrAntiko panapane denekA dAyitva svayaM jainiyoM para hai / yadi ve jAgaruka hote aura ajJAna timirako meMTanekI bhAvanAse anuprANita hote to Aja vidvajjagatakI jainadharmake viSayameM kucha aura hI dhAraNA hotI ! jainadharmakA pracAra tIrthaMkara bhagavAnane samasta AryakhaMDameM kiyA thA / bharatakSetrake antargata AryakhaMDakA jo vistAra zAstroMmeM batalAyA gayA hai, usako dekhate hue vartamAnameM upalabdha jagata usIke antargata siddha hotA hai / kavivara vRndAvanadAsa, sva0 paM0 gopAladAsajI varaiyA prabhRti vidvAnoMne bhI isa matakA poSaNa kiyA hai / sva. paMDitAcAryajIkA kahanA thA ki karIba Der3ha hajAra varSa pahale dakSiNa bhAratameM bahutase jainI araba dezase Akara base the / tirumalaya parvatake zilAlekhameM elinIyA yavanikA, rAjarAjapAvagata aura vidugadalagiya perUmala nAmaka jainadharmAnuyAyI rAjAoMkA ullekha haiM, jinhoMne usa parvata para mUrtiyAM Adi sthApita kI thIM / inameM pahale rAjA elinayavanikAke nAmase aisA lagatA hai ki vaha videzI the / sAthahI antima rAjA perUmalake viSayameM kahA gayA hai ki san 825 I0 meM vaha makkA gaye the / ataH ina rAjAoMkA sambandha arabadezase spaSTa hai| mauryasamrAT sampratine araba aura IrAnameM jainamuniyoMkA vihAra karAyA thaa| zrI jinasenAcAryane bha0 mahAvIrake vihArase pavitra hue dezoMmeM yavanazruti, kAthatoya, sUrubhIru, tArNa-kArNa, Adi deza bhI gine haiM;" jo nissandeha bhAratabAhya deza haiM / yavanazruti pArasya athavA yUnAnakA bodhaka hai| kvAthatoya deza 'lAla sAgara' kA taTavartI deza abIsIniyA, araba, ithyUpiyA Adi ho sakate hai, jahAM eka samaya zramaNa sAdhuoMkA vihAra hotA thA / sUrubhIru saMbhavataH 'surabhi' nAmaka dezakA bodhaka hai, jo madhyaeziyAmeM kSIrasAgara ke nikaTa akSasa (oxus ) nadIse uttarakI aora sthita thaa| tArNa 'tUrAna' aura 'kArNa' kAphirastAna ho sakate haiM / bharata dvigvijaya athavA pradyumnakumArake bhramaNavartI dezoMkA yadi anveSaNa karake patA lagAyA jAya, to upalabdha sAre lokameM jainadharmakA astittva siddha hogaa| isa viSayameM eka tuccha prayAsa hamane kiyA hai| koI koI pAzcAtya vidvAn bhI aba isa dizAmeM anveSaNa karaneke lie agrasara hue haiN| zrI silvAlevIne jainadharmakA prabhAva sumAtrA aAdi pradezoMmeM batAyA thaa| hAlameM saMbhavataH 'sAmarAicca 1 'bhagavAn pAzrvanAtha' pR0 156 / 2 aiziyATika risaceMja, bhA0 9 pR0 283-284 / 3 madrAsa-maisUrake prAcIna jaina smAraka, pR079-90 va 119 / 4 harivaMzapurANa (50 gajAdharalAla ) TIkA pR0 18 / 5 'bha0 pArzvanAtha' pR0 173-202 ! 6 iMDiyana hisTorIkala kvAraTalI, bhA0 2 pR. 29 / 7 'bha0 pArzvanAtha' meM nAgavaMzajoMkA paricayAdi / 8 vizvabhAratI patrikA, vaizAkha-AsAr3ha, 2001 pR0 117 293
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________________ varNo abhinandana grantha kahA' ke AdhArase DA0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAlane bhAratase bAharake kAha Adi kucha aise dvIpoMkA patA lagAyA hai, jahAM jainI Ate jAte the' / tAtparya yaha ki jainazAsanakA kSetra kevala bhAratavarSa ko samajhanA nirbhrAnta nahIM hai ! jainendra dharmacakra bhArata se bAhara ke dezoM meM bhI pravRtta huA thA / bha0 mahAvIrakI prathama dharmadezanAdvArA hI magacasAmrAjya kI rAjadhAnI rAjagRhake nikaTa sthita vipulAcala parvata para jina zAsanakA udaya huA thA / tatkAlIna vaidika paMDita indrabhUti gautama aura unake bhAiyoMkI jainadharma dIkSA ke sAtha Age bar3hA thA, yaha ahiMsA saMskRtikI jaya thI kyoMki bAhya kriyAoM aura pazubali dharmakI AsthAkA anta huA thA samAjameM striyoM aura zUdroMko samucita sthAna milaa| dharma aura samAja jaina mudrA se aGkita hue phalataH rAjanIti para bhI usakI chApa lagI / mere matase sAmrAjyavAdI zreNika ( bimbasAra ) ra kuNika ( ajAta zatru ) jinazAsana ke ananya saMrakSaka aura prasAraka hue / gaNataMtravAdI saMgha-patiyoMmeM agraNo ceTaka mahArAja bhI mahAvIrake anyatama upAsaka the / unake ahiMsA Adarzane bhAratazAsana meM eka navIna dhArA bahA dI, nirAmiSa bhojana zrIra saMyamakA mahatva spaSTa huA paraspara sahayoga aura saMgaThanase rahakara jIvana vitAnekA pariNAma bhAratakA prathama magadha sAmrAjya huA / saMgha dharma- jaina zAsanakI yaha vijaya saMgha dharma vyavasthAkI dena thii| vIra mArga meM zAsana sUtra sarvajJa AcAyoMke hAthoM meM rahatA thaa| usameM muni AryikA Avaka aura bhAvikA saMgha ye munisaMghako zrutajJAna bhI guru paramparAse kaMThastha rUpameM milatA thaa| sAdhuyoMkA sArA hI saMgha 'nirmantha' nAmase prasiddha yA / jainake sthAnapara nirmantha zabda prayukta hotA thaa| svayaM bha0 mahAvIra nirvrantha zAtUputra nAmase prasiddha the| nirgrantha sAdhu ( zramaNa ) acelaka ( nagna ) rahate the / 2 AryikA saMghakA jIvana bhI nizcita thA / satI candanabAlA ke netRtvameM jaina zrAryikAeM svaparakalyANamaya jIvana bitAtI thIM 'padmapurANa' meM ( pR0 883) tathA 'berIgAthA' (107) se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki AryikAeM kezalucana karatIM dhUla dhUsarita zarIra rahatIM aura eka vastra pahanA karatI thiiN| muni aura ArthikAoMkA lakSya mokSa thaa| 1 1 "bhAratakI somAkI bAharI pradezoM meM bhI jaina upadezakone dharmapracArake prayatna kiye the| cIna yAtrI huenasAMga kilApizImeM A~khoM dekhe ullekhase, haribhadrajI ke ziSyoM kI kathAse evaM kuca viSayakI hakIkatake grainabeDala ke jarmana anuvAda se siddha hai ki vIra dharma ke upadezakoM ko samudrakA koI bAdhA na thI / " tro0 helmutha phAna ghomanAtha / 2 didhvanikAya ( pATika sutta ) mahAvagga 8 15, 3-6-38-160 jAtakamAlA pR0 145, divyAvadAna pR0 185, Rgveda saMhitA 10-135; vedAntasUtra 2/2/33, varAhamihira saMhitA 1961 tathA 45-50 dazakumAra carita 2 ; mahAbhArata 3 / 26 - 27; viSNupurANa 3|18; dAThAvaMso ityAdi / 3 Psalms of the Sisters, p. 63 va 'bha0 mahAvIra aura bha0 buddha pR0 259-262 294
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________________ sAdvaMdvisahasrAbdika vIra - zAsana muni saMgha sAtha zika vrata (aNuvrata ) dhAraka bhI rahate the| unakI gyAraha zreNiyAM (pratimAeM ) Atmonnati anusAra thIM / gyAraha pratimAdhArI zrAvaka ( 1 ) ailaka aura ( 2 ) kSullaka nirgrantha kahe gaye haiM- ye 'ekazATaka' eka yA do vastra rakhaneke kAraNa kahalAte the / " uttara kAlameM zvetAmbara samudAyana saMghako 'jinakalpI' aura 'sthavirakalpI ' bhAgoM meM vibhakta karake vastra munipadakA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| zvetAmbara zrAgama graMthoM meM kahIM bhI jinakalpa - sthavirakalpa vibhAga nahIM milate haiM / yaha bhedakalpanA uttarakAlIna hai / saMbhavataH bAraha varSoMke duSkAlake pazcAt nirgrantha saMghake do bhAga hue / municaryA donoMkI samAna hai zve0 'zrAcArAGga sUtrameM digambara mudrAkA hI sarvotkRSTa dharma rUpa se pratipAdana kiyA hai jaikaba ne likhA hai ki mumukSuko munipada dhAraNa karane para nagna honekA vidhAna hai| nagna muniko taraha tarahake parISaha sahana karane par3ate haiM / 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM bhI anagAradharmakA nirUpaNa kara hue use acela parISaha sahana karane vAlA likhA hai4 | 'ThANAMga sUtra' meM bha0 mahAvIra kahate hue batAye gaye haiM ki 'zramaNa nirgranthako nagnabhAva, muMr3abhAva, snAna nahIM karanA, zrAdi upAdeya haiM" / ' nirvANa pAne ke lie mumukSu nagna ( digambara ) muni hote the / 'zrAcArAMga sUtra' meM hInazakti mumukSuko kramazaH tIna, do aura eka vastra dhAraNa karanekA vidhAna hai / 'uttarAdhyayana sUtrameM pahale pAMca adhyayanoM meM anagAradharma kA nirUpaNa karake - pAMcaveMmeM acelaka anagArako akAmamaraNa ( sallekhanA) karanekA upadeza dekara, chaThaveM adhyayana meM spaSTataH 'kSullaka nigrantha' (khuDDA ganiyaMTha ) ko upadeza diyA hai aura sAtaveM adhyayanakA zIrSaka 'ailaka' ( elayaM ) rakhakara caritra niyamoMkA nirUpaNa bher3akI upamA dekara kiyA hai yaha saba acelakatAkA samarthaka hai / prAcIna bauddha granthoMmeM nirgrantha zramaNa acelaka nagna ) hI likhe haiM / unameM gRhatyAgI udAsIna zrAvakoMkA ullekha 'gihI zrodAt vasanA' - ' muNDasAvaka' aura 'ekazATaka niyaMTha' nAma se 1 AdipurANa 38 258 / Sutras, Pt. 1, P. P. 55-6. 3 'je acele parivusie tarasaNaM bhikkhussa No evaM bhavai - ' 4 ' aduvA tattha parakkamaMta bhujjo acela taNaphAsA phusaMti' 5 'samaNANaM ni.gaMdhANaM nAgabhAve, muMDabhAve, aNhANae / ThaNAGgasUtra | 9 3 98 6 samayaM sa jaye bhuje jayaM aparisADiyaM / / 35 / / 7 'jassaTTAe kIraDu naggabhAvo nAva tamahaM Arohei / bhagavatI sUtra 9 | 33 Gaina Sutras (S, B. E.) Pt. 1, PP. 67-73. 295
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha milatA hai / bhAratIya purAtattvameM prAcIna mauryakAlIna aura anya mUrtiyAM nagna hI milI haiM - savastra zramaNatvakI jJApaka koI mUrti nahIM milI hai| kevalI kAla bha0 mahAvIrake nirvANake pazcAt jinazAsanakI prabhAvanA kevalI aura zrutakevaliyoM dvArA kI gayI hai / zizunAga vaMzake rAjAoMke atirikta anya bhAratIya zAsaka bhI usake poSaka rahe haiM / nandavarddhana, zrAdi kaI nandavaMzI nareza bhI jinendrabhakta the / isake uparAnta candragupta maurya magadhake rAjyasiMhAsanapara zrArUr3ha hue aura bhAratake sArvabhauma samrAT hue| zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu unake guru the| candragupta maurya aura unake putra vindusArane dharmapracArakA udyoga kiyA thA / jaisA ki samrATa azokake lekhoMse spaSTa hai / ' candragupta maurya zrutakevalo bhadrabAhuse dIkSA lekara muni ho gaye the aura saMghake sAtha dharmodyota karate hue dakSiNabhArata gaye the / zaka saM0 572 la0 ke zilAlekhameM ina guru-ziSyake viSayameM kahA gayA hai "jainadharma bhadrabAhu aura candragupta munIndrake tejase bhArI samRddhiko prApta huA thaa| hariSeNa 'kathAkoSa' meM samrATa candraguptako samyagdarzana sampanna mahAn zrAvaka likhA hai" / zrIyativRSabhAcAryane una ko antima mukuTabaddha rAjA likhA hai jisane muni dIkSA lI thI / inake bAda samprati aura sAliskane deza-videzameM jinazAsana kA dhvaja phaharAyA thA / sampratine bhI azokakI taraha dharma lekha khudavAye the / mauryakAlameM hI jinazAsana sUrya sampradAyagata saMgharSake rAhuse grasita huaa| usa samayakI ullekhanIya ghaTanA jaina saMghakA dakSiNa bhAratameM pahuMcanA hai| kahA jAtA hai vahAM isase pahale jainadharma nahIM thA, kintu vastusthiti kucha aura hI hai| kAraNa isa samaya taka jainadharma dakSiNa bhAratase bhI Age siMhaladvIpataka jA cukA thA / jaina zAstroMke anusAra bha0 mahAvIrake bahuta pahalese jainadharma dakSiNa bhAratameM 1 mahAvagga 8,15 3-1, 38, cullavanga 8,28,3, saMyuttanikAya 2,3,10,7 dIghanikAya. pATikasutta, karasa pasIhanAdasutta aMguttaranikAya pR0 3,70-3 2 saptama stambhalekha-azokake dharmalekha pR0 371 / 3 ma0ma0 narasiMhAcArya kRta 'zrAvaNabelagola' nAmaka pustaka / 4 'zrIbhadrabAhu sa candragupta munIndrayu-madinoppevala' / bhadramAgida dharmamandu balikkebandinisalkalo ||'-jainshilaalekhraaNgrh (sa017) pR06 / 5 zravaNabelagola ke zilAlekha naM0 40, 54 va 108 dekho| 6 'tatkAle tatpuri zrImAMzcandragupto narAdhipaH / samyagdarzana sampanno babhUva zrAvako mahAn || 26 // bhadrabAhuvacaH zrutvA candragupto narezvaraH / asyaika yoginaH pAveM dadhI jainozvaraMtapaH / / 36 / / ityAdi / 7. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, bhA0 2 khaMDa 1 pR0 218-298 / 8. mahAvaMza-sTaDIja ina sAutha iMDiyana jainijma, bhA0 1 pR0 33 266
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________________ sAIdvisahasrAbdika-vIra-zAsane thA / zrIbhadrabAhu-saMghake dakSiNa bhAratameM pahuMcanese dharmameM nUtana jAgRti avazya zrAyI thii| kintu isa ghaTanAkA kupariNAma jainasaMghakI ekatAkA vinAza thA / zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu taka digambara aura zvetAmbara jainI prAyaH eka the aura unake guru bhI prAyaH eka the, paraMtu bhadrabAhuke bAda hI donoM sampradAyoMkI apanI apanI mAnyatAeM tathA guru-paramparAeM ho gyiiN| usake pazcAt lagabhaga IsAkI chaThI zatItaka mUla mArga nirgrantha nAmase prasiddha rahA aura unakA saMgha 'nirgrantha saMgha' kahalAtA rahA / kintu sthUlabhadrAdike sAtha jo zrAcArya va muni uttara bhAratameM raha gaye the, unhoMne duSkAlake prabhAvAnusAra vastra, pAtrAdi grahaNa kara liye the| unhoMne jinAgamakI vAcanA aura paramparA nirdhArita karaneke lie eka saMgha bhI bulAyA thA; parantu usameM bhadrabAhu svAmI sammilita nahIM hue the / usa samaya jinakalpa aura sthavirakalpa rUpa zramaNa liGgakI kalpanA kI gayI / zrIhariSeNane likhA hai ki "jina muniyoMne guruke vacanoMko iSTa nahIM mAnA, unhoMne jinakalpa aura sthivira kalpa ye do bheda hI kara DAle / azakta, kAtara aura paramArthako nahIM jAnanevAle una sAdhuaoMne ardhaphAlaka ( aAdhA vastra ) rakhanevAlA mata cAlU kiyaa|" bAdameM isI arddhaphAlaka matase zvetapaTa ( zvetAmbara ) sampradAyakI utpatti valabhI nagarameM rAjAjJAse huI / rAjAne spaSTa kahA ki 'yA to Apa loga ardhaphAlaka tyAgakara pUrNa nirgrantha ho jAiye aura yadi nirgranthatA dhAraNa karanekI zakti nahIM hai to ardhakAlakI viDambanAko tyAgakara sIdhe sAde vastroMko pahana lIjiye / ' tabhIse zvetAmbara sampradAyakI utpatti huI / isI prakArakA kathana bha0 ratnanandikRta 'bhadrabAhucaritra' meM bhI milatA hai / prAcIna nirgranthavezake pratipAlaka zrAcAryoMne cAhA ki jainasaMghameM phUTa na par3e-sthUlabhadrAcAryane prAyazcita lekara digambara vezako dhAraNa kiyA; parantu unake ziSyagaNa na mAne / prArambhameM nagnatAke prati ekadama bagAvata na ho sakI phalataH madhyamamArga grahaNa kiyaa| ve nagna rahe; parantu zItanivAraNa aura caryAke samaya lajjAnivAraNake lie khaMDa-vastra pAsameM rakhane lage arthAt vastra rakhate hue bhI nagna rahe / zrAcelakya mUlaguNakI sarvathA virAdhanA unhoMne nahIM kii| jaisA ki kaMkAlITIlA mathurAse prApta tathA I0 prathama dvitIya zatI takake bilkula nagna zramaNoMke citraNase siddha hai; parantu lajjA nivAraNake lie unake hAthakI kalAyIpara vastrakA Tukar3A par3A huA hai / kaNha zramaNakA paTTa evaM 1. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, bhA0 3 khaMDa 1 pR. 60-66 2. "jaina siddhAMta bhAskara"-bhA0 10 ki0 tathA bhA. 11 ki0 1 / 3, yadi niyanthatArUpaM grahayatuM naiva zaknutha / tato'rdhaphalakaM hitvA khaviMDambanakAraNam / ___ RjuvastreNa cAcchAdya svazarIra tapasvinaH / tiuta praticetaskA madvAkyena mahItale // ' 4. bauddha stUpa (Vodha Stupa) meM vastradhArI va nagna zramaNa citrita haiN| (....a naked ascetic, who ___as usual, has a piece of cloth hanging over his right arm.-Dr. Buhler) / pleTa naM0 17 meM kaNha zramaNa isI rUpameM citrita haiM, jinakA ullekha zvetAmbara sAhityameM hai / pleTa naM04 meM naigameSako mUrtike pAsa eka aise hI addha phAlakIya zramaNa citrita haiN| DA. agravAlane eka anya pASANa pATameM aise hI eka zrAmaNakA astitva batAyA hai| (jaina aiTIkverI, bhA0 10 pR0 3 / ) 217 38
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha anya paTTa isI prakArake haiM / unapara kohiya Adi zvetAmbarIya gaNoM viSayaka lekha bhI aGkita haiM; spaSTa hai ki unako zvetAmbara saMghake pUrvAcAryoMne pratiSThApita karAyA thaa| sArAMza yaha ki muniveSa, strImukti, Adi bAtoMko lekara nirgrantha saMgha do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta ho gyaa| tathA yApanIyasaMghakI sthApanA ina donAM saMghoMke ekIkaraNake lie kI gayI thI / kaliGga samrAT aila khAravelane isase bahuta pahale saba hI prakArake nirgrantha zramaNoMkA sammelana kumArI parvatapara bulAyA aura usameM dvAdazAGga vANIke uddhAra dvArA saMghameM aikya sthApanAkA udyoga kiyA, durbhAgyavaza vaha bhI asaphala rahe / mauryottara kAla mauryoMke pazcAt zuGgavaMza aura AndhravaMzake brAhmaNa dharmAnuyAyI zAsakoMne bhAratake sArvabhauma samrATa bananekA udyoga kiyA / unake dvArA vaidika dharma kI vizeSa unnati huii| jainazAsana-sUrya yahIMse avanatirUpI rAhuse grasta hone lgaa| phira bhI jainAcAryone bha0 mahAvIrake Adarzako jIvita rakhane meM kucha uThA na rakhA / usa samaya bhAratameM jainoMke mukhya kendra kaliGga, ujjainI, mathurA, girinagara aura dakSiNabhAratake kaI narAra the / kaliGga aura dakSiNa bhAratameM prAcIna nirgrantha ( digambara ) saMghakA ekAdhipatya thA / ujjaina, mathurA aura girinagarameM digambaroMke sAtha zvetapaTa saMghakA bhI paryApta prabhAva thaa| bauddhagrantha 'dAThAvaMza' se pragaTa hai ki IsAkI 4 thI-5 vIM zatiyoMmeM digambara jainI rAjamAnya the| svayaM kaliGga nareza jinake upAsaka the / cInI yAtrI huenasAMgake samaya jainadharma yadyapi rAjadharma nahIM rahA paraMtu aMga-baMga aura kaliMgakI janatA usakI ananya upAsaka thii| ujjainameM jainAcAryoMne samrATa vikramAdityako jainadharmameM dIkSita kiyA thaa| usake uparAMta ujjainakA zAsakavarga madhyakAlataka kisI na kisI rUpase jainadharmase prabhAvita rhaa| diga0 jaina paramparAke prAcAryoMkA kendra honekA saubhAgya ujjainako muslima kAlataka prApta rahA / mathurA jaba videzI-zaka aura hUNa-zAsakoMke adhikArameM thA taba zakavaMzake rAjA manendrara, ajaya, rudrasiMha aura nAhapAna bhI jainadharmase vizeSa prabhAvita hue the| nirgrantha (digambara ) aura zvetapaTa saMghake prAcAryoMne ina videziyoMse ghRNA nahIM kI; kaMkAlI TIlAse upalabdha parAtatva isa bAtakA sAkSI hai ki usa samaya aneka yavana ( Greek ) pArthIya ( Parthians ) evaM zakaloga jainadharma meM dIkSita hue the / gaMdhI, mAlI, gaNikA, naTa, Adi sAdhAraNa sthitike logoMke lie bhI jainasaMghake dvAra khule hue the-ve muniyoMko dAna dete the, aura jinapUjAke lie jinendra pratimAeM aura maMdira nirmANa karAte the| mathurA vaiSNava sampradAyakA mukhya kendra thA / santAna pradAyaka devatA naigameSa devakI pUjA karate the / jaba ye vaiSNava jainI hue, to naigameSakI mAnyatA bhI jainasaMghameM pracalita ho gayI-zvetAmbara sampradAyane isako vizeSa mahattva diyaa| digambaroM meM isakA eka ullekha 'harivaMzapurANa' meM milatA hai| girinagara nirgrantha saMghakA mukhya kendra rahA-prAcIna kAlameM zrotAmbara saMdha yahAM saphala na huaa| ataH apanA kendra vallabhIko banAyA aura vallabhI rAjavaMzake Azrayase usakA Adhipatya sAre gujarAtapara 268
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________________ sArddhadvisahasrAbdika-vIra-zAsana ho gayA / nirgrantha (di0) AgamakA uddhAra bhI girinagarake pAsa candraguphAmeM virAjamAna zrI dharasenAcArya dvArA huA thaa| saMghabheda-- nirgrantha saMghakI donoM dhArAe bhI antara bhedoMmeM baMTa gayI thIM / zvetAmbara sampradAyameM caurAsI gacchoMke utpanna honekI bAta kahI jAtI hai| digambara sampradAyameM bhI prAcArya arhadvalike samayase nirgrantha saMgha, jo zvetAmbaroMse apaneko adhika prAcIna mAnaneke kAraNa 'mUlasaMgha' nAmase prasiddha thA, nimnalikhita cAra saMghoMmeM baMTagayA thA 1 nandisaMgha-nandivRkSake nIce caumAsA mAr3hane vAle zrAcArya mAghanandi ke netRtvameM / 2 senasaMgha-zrAcArya jinasenake netRtvameM / 3 siMhasaMgha--siMha guphAmeM cAturmAsa vitAne vAle prAcArya ke netRtvameM / 4 devasaMgha-devadattA nartakIke zrAvAsameM caumAsA vitAnevAle zrAcArya ke netRtvameM / IsAkI prArambhika zatiyoMmeM jaina saMghameM aAntarika zrApattikA prAbalya rahA-usakA kAraNa kevaliyoMke abhAvake sAtha vIra-vAGmayakA abhAva bhI thaa| RSiyoMko bhinna paramparAeM aura mAnyatAe yAda thIM aura ve apanI apanI bAta kahate the / ataeva pramANika zAstroMko lipi baddha karAneke lie hI candraguphAmeM sthita zrIdharasenAcArya ne karNATika dezase bhUtabali aura puSpadanta muniyoMko bulAkara unako vIra vANo sunAyI thI kintu yaha siddhAMta grantha digambara jainoMko hI mAnya rahe / zvetAmbaroMne isake bahuta bAda vallabhImeM devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ( I0 5 vIM za0) kI adhyakSatAmeM apane aGgopAGga-zrutakA saMkalana kiyA aura tabhI vaha lipibaddha kiyA gyaa| saMgha chinna-bhinna huA / pratyeka vibhaktasaMghakA zrAcArya apanI mAnamaryAdA aura apane bhakta bar3hAnekI dhunameM saMghake eka rUpako bhUla gayA thA / kAlakasU ri zakadeza gaye aura zaka zAhI rAjAoMko prabodhakara zrAvaka banAyA / unheM gujarAtameM livA lAye aura gardabhillake atyAcArakA anta kiyaa| AMdhravaMzake zAtavAhana nareza bhI jainadharmase prabhAvita hue the| mUlasaMghAgraNI zrAcAryapravara zrI koNDukunda padmanandi svAmIne pallavanareza kumAra ziva skandhavarmAko jainadharmakA anuyAyI banAyA / pallavanarezoMke dAnapatra prAkRtabhASAmeM haiM / koMDukundasvAmIke mahAn vyaktitvakA prabhAva sAre bhAratameM vyApta huA / unakA 'kurala' kAvya tAmiladezameM veda-tulya mAnya huzrA' / nirgrantha ( digambara ) zvetapaTa, yApanIya, kUrcaka, Adi saMghoMke prAcAryoMne kadamba samrAToMko bhI jinendrakA bhakta banAyA, tathA janatAko bhI / kadamba samrAT zrI ravivarmAkA zAsanalekha aAjake saMsArake lie bhI hitakara hai 1. "pravacana sAra" kI zrI upAdhye dvArA likhita bhUmikA / 2. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, tRtIya bhAga dvitIya khaMDa pR0 25-32 / 'janahitaiSI' bhA0 14 pR0 227 / 266
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha "mahArAja ravine yaha anuzAsana patra mahAnagara palAsikameM sthApita kiyA ki zrI jinendradevakI prabhAvanAke lie usa grAmakI AmadanImeMse prativarSa kArtikI pUrNimAko zrI aSTAnhikotsava, jo lagAtAra ATha dinoM taka hotA hai, manAyA jAyA kare; cAturmAsake dinoMmeM sAdhuaoMkA vaiyAvRtya kiyA jAyA kare aura vidvajana usa mahAnatAkA upabhoga nyAyAnumodita rUpameM kiyA kareM |...dhrmaamaa grAmavAsiyoM aura nAgarikoMko nirantara jinendrabhagavAnkI pUjA karanI caahiye| jahAM jinendrakI sadaiva pUjA kI jAtI hai, vahAM usa dezako samRddhi hotI hai, nagara prAdhi-vyAdhike bhayase mukta rahate haiM aura zAsakagaNa zaktizAlI hote haiM / " ( halsI jilA belagAMvakA dAnapatra ) / gaMgavaMza-sthApanA-- zrI siMhanandyAcArya ne dakSiNabhAratameM gaGga sAmrAjya kI sthApanA kI thii| uttara bhAratameM zuGga, kaNvAdi rAjavaMza vaidika dharmako protsAhana de rahe the / mauryoMke sAtha hI bhAratakI akhaMDa rASTrIyatA khaTAImeM par3a gayI / mahAbhArata-kAlIna spardhA vaidika zAsakoMke hRdayoMmeM aDDA jamA cukI thii| pratyeka zAsaka bharata cakravartI bananekI dhunameM akAraNa khUna bahAtA thaa| isa rAjanaitika paristhitimeM uttarake bahuta-se rAjavaMza bhraSTa hokara dakSiNakI ora cale gaye / gaGgavaMzake saMsthApaka dadiga aura mAdhava bhI uttara bhAratase hI dakSiNameM pahuMce the / dadiga aura mAdhava rAjaputroMne zrI siMhananyAcAryase jainadharmakI dIkSA lI aura pratijJA kI ki ve aura unakI santati sadA hI jinendrabhakti aura ahiMsAdharmake prabhAvaka raheMge / apane vacanako unhoMne khUba nibhAyA / unake zAsanakAlameM jainadharma kA vizeSa abhyudaya huA / zravaNa belagolakI vizvavikhyAt bAhubali gommaTadevakI vizAlakAya sundara pratimAkA nirmANa gaGga senApati vIravara cAmuNDarAyane kiyA thaa| yApanIyasaMgha yApanIya saMghake prAcAryoMne jaina saMghoMmeM pArasparika samudAra bhAvanAko bddh'aayaa| zrAvaka pArasparika anaikyase pare the / eka hI zrAvaka udAratA pUrvaka saba hI sampradAyoMke sAdhuoMko dAna detA thaa| dakSiNa bhAratameM zilpiyoMne eka 'vIra paMcala' saMsthA sthApita kI thI, jisameM sunAra, luhAra, bhariyA, bar3haI aura rAja ( maimAra ) sammilita the| yaha zilpI apaneko zUdra nahIM mAnate the, balki vizvakarmA brAhmaNa kahalAte the| inake nAmake sAtha 'zromA' aura 'acArI' zabdoMkA prayoga hotA thaa| prasiddha gommaTamUrtike eka zilpIkA nAma 'vidiga aojjhA' thaa| vyApAriyoMne saMghoMkI sthApanA kI thii| 1 kadambanareza mRgezavarmAkA dAnapatra chapA hai / usase nigrantha ( digambara ) aura zvetapaTa ( zvetAmbara ) saMghoMkA astitva spaSTa hai| w w
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________________ sArddhadvisahasrAbdika - vora zAsana AjIvikA ke anusAra unakA varNa niyata hotA thA / sabakI vaidezika vaMzaparamparA bhI unake nAmake sAtha jIvita rahatI thI / isa prakAra jainAcAyoMne apanI samudAra saMghavyavasthA meM sAmAjika vaiSamyako meTanekA prayatna kiyA thA / samyaktva aura jainAcAra hI zrAvakatva pAneke lie mukhya yogyatAeM thIM / pAMcavIM zatImeM zrI vajranandi zrAcArya ke tattvAvadhAna meM madurAmeM eka "jainasaMgha" kI sthApanA kI gayI, jisakA uddezya jaina vidvAnoM aura sAhityakAroMkI kRtiyoMkA zrAdara aura pracAra karanA thA / I sAtavIM ThavIM zatI se dakSiNa bhAratameM bhI jainoMkI avanati prAraMbha huii| isa samaya taka cAlukya, rASTrakUTa, pallava, pANDya aura kalacurivaMzake nareza jainadharmake bhakta the / rASTrakUTa samrAT amoghavarSa gurU prasiddha jainAcArya zrI jinasena the / kahate haiM, unake upadezase samrAT amoghavarSa aise prabhAvita hue ki digambara muni ho gaye / unakA racA huyA nItigraMtha subhASita 'ratnamAlA' vizvasAhityakA eka amUlya ratna hai / apparane pallava nareza mahendravarmmAko zaiva banAyA / pANDya nareza sundara bhI zaiva hue / ina donoM narezoMke jainase zaiva honepara zaivadharma prabala huA / colanareza to pahale se hI jaina viruddha the / pariNAmataH jaina maMdira aura mUrtiyAM naSTa kI gayIM aura aneka jainI balAt zaivadharma meM dIkSita kiye gaye sundarane bahuta hI julma DhAyA - jina ATha hajAra jainoMne apanA dharma nahIM chor3A unako usane zUlI para car3hA diyA / ina bhAgyazAlI dharmavIroMkI mUrtiyAM, arkATake livalUra devAlayakI dIvAloMpara ati haiM / isa samaya meM bhI janatA ke sahayoga se prAcArya sudattane 'hoysala' rAjavaMzakI sthApanA kI thI / rAjA, viSNuvarddhana taka saba hI hoysala nareza jainadharmAnuyAyI rahe aura unake dharmagurU evaM rAjaguru honekA saubhAgya bhI jainAcAryoM ko prApta rahA / viSNuvarddhanake senApatiyoMmeM daNDAdhipa 'amRta' zUdra the| gaMgara ja zrAdi senApati jaina hI the / jainAcArakI mAnyatA pratyeka varga aura jAti meM thI / jaina maMdiroMkI dAna paripATIko calAne ke lie dAtAroMne pratyeka maMdirako do-cAra gAvoMkI zrAmadanI de rakkhI thI, jisakA upabhoga usa maMdira ke prAcArya karate the / vaiSNavAcArya zrI rAmAnujane dvArasamudra meM praveza kiyA aura apanI vidyAse vivarddhanako prabhAvita kiyA / viSNubhUpa vaiSNava dharmabhakta ho gaye aura belUra meM unhoMne nayanAbhirAmakezava maMdira banavAyA / apane dharmako janapriya banAne ke lie rAmAnujane bhI ahiMsAko apanAyA aura vaiSNava maThoM meM jaina maMdiroMkI bhAMti cAroM prakArake dAna denekI vyavasthA kI / jaina praNAlIko apanAkara hI vaha vaiSNava matako phailAne meM saphala hue / yadyapi samrAT viSNuvarddhana vaiSNava ho gaye; phira bhI vaha cola aura kAkatIya narezoMke samAna jainoMko kaSTa nahIM pahuMcA sake / pratyuta jainadharmake prati unakI nIti udAra rhii| unhoMne jaina maMdiroMko bhI dAna diye aura jaina utsavoM meM bhAga liyA / samrATkI isa nItikA kAraNa samrAjJI sAntala devI aura senApati 301
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha gaGgarAja the / samrAjJI aura pradhAna senApati jIvanake antataka jinendrabhakta the / inake bAda jaina mudrAMkita vaiSNava sampradAya hI bar3hatA gayA / vijayanagara kAla vijayanagara sAmrAjyane videzI yavanoM ( musalamAnoM ) se morcA leneke lie sAmpradAyika saMgharSakA anta kiyA / jaina, zaiva aura vaiSNava-sabahI kaMdhAse kaMdhA lagAkara videziyoMke AkramaNako vyartha karaneke lie TUTa par3e / isa aikyane vaidika rAjyakI jar3a eka zatIke lie aura majabUta banA dI / vaiSNava joradAra the / ekadaphA vaha jainiyoMse ulajha gye| samrATa bukkarAyane samajhautA kraayaa| vaiSNavoMko jainoMkA sammAna karaneke lie vAdhya kiyA / yadyapi vijayanagara sAmrAjyameM dharma svAtantrya thA; to bhI jainetara dharmoko adhika suvidhA thii| solahavIM zatImeM punaH jaina zAsanako unnata hotA huA pAte haiM / zrI vidyAnanda AcArya eka mahAvAdI rUpameM pragaTa hue the| unhoMne rAjadarabAroMmeM jAkara paravAdiyoMse zAstrArtha kiye aura unhe nigraha sthAnako phuNcaayaa| zrIraMgapaTTam ke rAjadarabAra meM zrI vidyAnandajIne IsAI pAdariyoMse vAda kiyA aura vijaya pAyI / phalataH vaha rAjavaMza jainI ho gyaa| aise hI unhoMne kaI rAjavaMzoMko jainadharma meM dIkSita kiyA thaa| kintu liMgAyata aura vaiSNavoMke aAkramaNoMko jaina sahana nahIM kara ske| aneka rAjavaMza jainadharma vimukha athavA rAjacyuta kara diye gaye / udhara musalamAnoMke aAkramaNoMne jainoMke saMgaThanako chinna bhinna kara diyA / isakA pariNAma jainoMkA hrAsa huaa| dakSiNa meM musalamAnoMke paira jama jAne para jainoMne musalamAna zAsakoMko bhI prabhAvita kiyA / sultAna haidaraalIse bhI unhoMne zravaNabelagolake lie purAne gAMva prApta kithe the2 / uttarabhArata-- uttara bhAratameM jainadharmako sthiti vicitra rahI hai| grAmINa janatAmeM bhI jainadharmakI zraddhA guptakAla taka gaharI thii| jaina mandira bhAratiyoMke lie zikSA aura saMskRtika kendra the| samrATa harSane jisa samaya prayAgameM vidvatsammelana bulAyA thA to usameM bhAga leneke lie kaI sau jaina vidvAna bhI pahuMce the| guptarAjavaMzake kaI samrATa bhI jainadharmase prabhAvita the| cInI yAMtrI phAhyAn aura huenasAMgake yAtrA varNanase spaSTa hai ki madhyabhAratameM jainadharmakI ahiMsAkA kAphI prabhAva thaa| baMgAla, bihAra aura ur3IsA meM ekamAtra digambara jainadharma hI kAphI samaya taka thaa| guptavaMzake rAjapuruSoMmeM zrI harigupta evaM 1. rAisa kRta maisUraeNDa kurga, pR0 209 / 2. sTaDIja ina sAutha iMDiyana jainijma, bhA0 2 pR0 132 / 3. saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, bhA0 2 khaMDa 2 pR0 109 / 302
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________________ sArddhadvisahasrAbdika - vIra zAsana devaguptake viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki unhoMne zvetAmbara jainAcArya se sAdhupadakI dIkSA lI thI / guptasamrAToMke senApati bhI jaina the / bhelasAke nikaTa udayagirimeM gupta senApatine jaina guphAmaMdira banavAkara bar3A utsava kiyA thA | jainadharma ke sAtha hI jainakalAkI bhI paryApta unnati huI thI / guptakAlIna jainakalA ke namUne sAre uttara bhAratameM phaile par3e haiN| guptakAlameM hI devagar3ha ke adhikAMza divya maMdiroM aura mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa huA thA / pu baGgAla aura kaliMga meM bhI isa samaya taka digambara jainadharmakA pracAra thA / pahAr3apura meM prasiddha nirgrantha ( di0 jaina ) saMgha vidyamAna thA / usake adhyakSa AcArya guhanandi saMbhavataH nandisaMgha ke gurU the / usa sayaya pu MDravardhana nagara meM ( 478 I0 ) brAhmaNanAthazarmA aura usakI bhAryA rAmI rahate the / varddhana yukta ( jilAdhIza ) aura nagara sabhA ( City Council ) adhyakSa ( nagara zreSThI ) ke pAsa pahuMce aura taba pracalita rItike anusAra unhoMne kucha bhUmi prApta karaneke lie tIna dInAra rAjakoSa meM jamA karA diye / usa bhUmiko isa prakAra mola lekara unhoMne vaTajohAlike jaina vihAra meM, jisake adhyakSa AcArya guhanandi the, eka vizrAmagRha banAne ke lie evaM jinapUjA ke lie candana, dhUpa, gaMdha, dIpa, puSpa, Adi car3hAneke lie bheMTa kara dI / usa samaya brAhmaNAdi cAroM hI varNoM ke loga the / kaliGgameM to jainadharma rASTradharma banA huA thA / kaliMga nRpa guhaziva digambara jainadharmakA zramuyAyI thA / usIke samaya se kaliMgameM jainadharmake viruddha SaDyantra hone lagA thA / phalataH kucha jainI kaliMga chor3akara paTanAmeM jA rahe the4 / kAmarUpake dakSiNa meM samataTa aura pUrvIya baMgAla meM bhI di0 jaina asaMkhya the / kumArIparvata ( khaMDagiri udayagiri) para bArahavIM zatI taka ke jaina lekha milate haiM aura baMgAla-bihAra meM isase bhI bAdakI nirmita huI jinamUrtiyAM yatra tatra bikharI huI milatI haiM, jo isa bAta kI sAkSI hai ki musalamAnoM ke zrAgamana-samaya taka vahAM jainadharma pracalita thaa| jinake vaMzadhara sarAkoM (zrAvakoM ) kI aba bhI bar3I saMkhyA hai| madhyabhArata meM haihaya aura kalacUri vaMzake rAjA bhI jainadharma se prabhAvita the / rAjapUtAnA, gujarAta aura karNATaka zAsanAdhikArI cAlukya, rASTrakUTa (rAThaura), solaMkI Adi rAjavaMza bhI jainadharmake saMrakSaka the / unameM se kaI rAjAoMoMne jainAcArakA pAlana bhI kiyA thA / samrAT kumArapAlane apane zaurya aura dAnakA sikkA cAroM dizAoM meM jamA rakhA thaa| ina rAjAoM ke adhikAMza rAjakarmacArI jaina hI the / siMdha prAntameM bhI jaina zramaNa apane matakA pracAra kara rahe the / musalamAnoM ko pahale pahale zramaNopAsaka zAsakoMse hI morcA lenA par3A thA musalamAnoM ke paira bhArata meM muhammada gorIke AkramaNake 1. jainijma ina nArtha iNDiyA, pR0 210 213 / 2. iNDiyana hisTorIkala kvArTaralI, bhA2 7 pR0 441 va bRhatkathAkoSa (siMdhI gra N0 ), bhUmikA / 3. vI0 sI0 laoN vaoNlyUma, ( pUnA 1946), bhA0 2 pR0 252-253 / 4. dAThAvaMso a0 2 tathA digambaratva aura di0 muni, pR 125 / 303
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bAda hI jame the / isa samaya taka donoM hI jaina sampradAyoMmeM nAnA gaccha aura saMgha ho gaye the / zramaNa loga maThoM aura upAzrayoMmeM rahane lage the| jaina janatA meM brAhmaNoMkI rUr3hivAdatA ghara kara gayI thii| phalataH jainiyoMne bhI musalamAnoMko apane dharma meM dIkSita karanA banda kara diyaa| unheM apane dharmAyatanoM aura sAdharmiyoMkI rakSA karanekI hI phikra thii| isalie masalamAnoMko 'mleccha' kahakara unake samparkameM hinduoM ko nahIM Ane diyA gayA / kintu jyoMhI musalamAna yahAMke zAsanAdhikArI hue aura zAnti sthApita huI, tyoMhI jainAcAryoM aura sAdhuoMne unapara apanA prabhAva DAlanekA prayatna kiyaa| musalima yuga sultAna muhammada gorIke sambandhameM kahA jAtA hai ki unhoMne apanI begamake Agrahase eka digambara jaina sAdhuko bulAkara apane darabArameM sammAnita kiyA thaa| karNATaka dezase zrI mahAsena zrAcArya bulAye gaye the jinhoMne alAuddInake darabArameM paravAdiyoMkA mada cUra karake jainanadharmakA sikkA jamAyA thA / dillIke seTha pUrNacandra sulatAna alAuddInake kRpApAtroMmeM the| vaha dillIse eka jainasaMgha zrI girinAra tIrthakI vandanAko le jAnemeM samartha huye the / gujarAta vijayake samaya sulatAnakA samAgama di. jaina sAdhu zrutavIra svAmIse huA thA / unhoMne zvetAmbara jaina AcArya rAmacandra sUrikA bhI sammAna kiyA thA" / gujarAtake zAsaka alapakhAMke dvArA zrosavAla jainI samarasiMha sammAnita huye the / isa samaya vaiyaktika prabhAvoM dvArA hI jainadharmako pratiSThA thI / jainiyoMkI saMkhyA karor3oMmeM thI ve apane jJAna, sadAcAra aura sampattike kAraNa sarvatra sammAnanIya the / gayAsuddIna tugalakake mantrI honekA gaurava prAggrATa kulake do jainI bhAiyoM sUra aura vIrako prApta thaa| bAdazAha muhammada tugalakako karNATaka dezake digambara jainAcArya siMhakIrtine prabhAvita kiyA thA / tugalaka vaMzake samrAT phIrojazAhane bhI eka digambara jaina AcAryako nimaMtrita kiyA thaa| yaha prAcArya eka khaMDavastra dhAraNa karake rAjamahalameM bhI gaye the aura begamako dharmopadeza diyA thaa| rAjamahalase vApasa zrAkara unhoMne vastra utAra diyA thA aura 1. iMDiyana aiMTIkvAyarI, bhA0 21 pR0 361 / 2. jenasiddhAnta bhAskara bhA0 1 ki0 4 pR0 109 va bhA0 5 pR0 138 / 3. janahitaiSI, bhA0 15 pR0 132 / 4. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhA0 3 pR 35 va bhA05 pR4 139 / 4. Der Jainisms, p. 66. 6. purAttava ( ahamadAbAda ) purataka 4 aMka 3-4 pR0 277-279 / 7. karNATaka hisTorIkala rivyU, bhA0 4 pRSTha 86 phuTanoMTa / 8, karNATaka hisTo0 ribyU0, bhA0 pRya 85 / 304
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________________ sAIdvisahasrAbdika-vIra-zAsana prAyazcita liyA thA / di. jaina guru vizAlakIrti bhI dillI Aye the aura yavana darabArameM jaina dhvajako UMcA kiyA thA / 2 mArkopolo, TrAvaraniyara, baraniyara, Adi videzI yAtriyoMne bhAratameM digambara sAdhuoMko dharma pracAra karate hue pAyA thA / utta kAlIna musalima rAjyakAlameM mugala-samrAToMkA zAsanakAla vizeSa prakhyAt rahA hai| mugala zAsakoMko bhI jainAcAryoMne prabhAvita kiyA thA, jisake kAraNa jainoMko apane dharmako pAlanekI pUrNa suvidhA milI thii| samrATa akabarake darabArI aura rAjakarmacArI honekA gaurava saradAra karmasiMha, sAhuToDara. rAjA bhArAmalla Adi jaina mahAnubhAvoMko prApta thA ! harivijayasUri, vijayasena, jinacandra, bhAnucandra prabhRti zvetAmbara jainAcAryoMne akabara aura jahAMgIrako jainadharmakI zikSA dI thI / IsAI pAdarI pinahero ( Pinheiro ) ne to yahAM taka likhA ki akabara jainiyoMke niyamoMko pAlate the6-mAno vaha jainI ho gaye the / ahiMsAdharmako prakAza meM AnekA avasara eka bAra phira akabarake zAsanameM prApta huA thaa| apane dharmakA pracAra karane kI pratyeka dharmAvalambIko svAdhInatA punaH prApta huI thii| ve musalamAnoMkI zuddhi bhI kara sake the / rAjaniyamAnusAra hindU bhI eka musalamAna kanyAse vyAha kara sakatA thA, bazarte ki vaha hindU honeke lie taiyAra ho| balAt dharmaparivartana niSiddha thaa| jahAMgIrake zAsanakAlameM rajaurI nAmaka sthAnake hinduoMne aneka musalamAna kanyAoMko hindU banAkara vyAhA thaa| samrATako yaha sAmUhika dharma parivartana asahya huA aura unhoMne isapara kAnUnI bandiza lagA dI / jainiyoMmeM bhI sAmAjika saMkIrNatA AgayI thI isalie vaha bhI isa dizAmeM Age nahIM bar3ha sake / kintu itanA to spaSTa hai ki akabarake zAsanakAlameM jainiyoMkI saMkhyA kaI karoDa thI10 / kavivara banArasIdAsajI zAhajahAMke kRpApAtra the / samrATa auraMgajebane digambara jainAcAryakA sammAna kiyA thaa| bhaTTAraka prathAkA janma phIrojazAhake samayameM digambara jaina zrAcAryane dharma prabhAvanAke lie vastradhAraNa kiyA thA, usakA 1. bhaTTArakamImAMsA ( sUrata ) pR0 2 / 2. karNATaka hisTA0 rivyU , bhA0 4 pRSa 78-82 / 3. digambaratva aura digambaramuni, pRSTa 246-260 / 4. jaina siddhAMtabhAskara, bhA0 5 pRSTa 141-141 / 5. 'sUrIzvara aura samrATa' nAmaka pustaka / 6. He follows The sect fo vrai (Jain). Pinheiro. 7. purAtattva (ahamadAvAda ) pustaka 5 aMka 4 pRSTa 24-23 / 8. iNDiyana kalacara bhAga 4 aMka 3 pRSTa 304 / 9. iMDiyana kalacara, mA0 4 aMka 3 pRSTa 306-308 / 10. AIna-i,akabarI (lakhanaU) bhA3 pRSTa 87-883 /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha pariNAma bhayaMkara huA / di0 jainAcArya maThoM aura mandiroMmeM to pahalese hI rahane lage the mandiroM ko jAgIreM lagI huI thiiN| vaha digambarI dIkSA lete the, kezaloMca karate the, aura vastra grahaNa kara lete the / zrAhArake samaya nagna ho jAte the / aosavAla, khaMDelavAla, zrAdi bhaTTArakoM dvArA jainadharma meM dIkSita kI huI jAtiyAM haiN| ina bhaTTAraka logoMne eka dharma-zAsana vyavasthA banA lI thI pratyekakA zAsanakSetra maNDala kahalAtA thaa| usa maNDalake jainiyoM dharma-zAsanAdhikArI bhaTTAraka 'maMDalAcArya, kahA jAtA thA / maMDalAcAryakI AjJAnusAra hI vivAha, Adi sAmAjika kArya hote the, jinake lie ve bhaTTAraka zrAvakoMse kara vasUla karate the| pratyeka zrAvaka apaneko kisI na kisI bhaTTArakake 'anvaya' se sambandhita batAtA thA / isa prathAse yaha lAbha to avazya huaA ki pratyeka maMDalake jainI susaMgaThita aura dharmarata rahe / bAharake aAkramaNakA bhaya unako nahIM rahA / bhaTTAraka ma0 unako yenakena prakAreNa dharmameM dRr3ha rakhate the / kintu sabase mahAn kSati yaha huI ki jaina saMgha lupta ho gayA / upajAtiyoMkI sRSTike kAraNa-- 1. gurU-paramparA-pratyeka maMDalake gurU (bhaTTAraka) alaga the| isalie isa aAdhArase koI koI upajAti astitvameM AyI / bhaTTArakoMne unaM bhaktoMmeM aneka guNoMkA vidhAna karake unakA nAmakaraNa kiyA / jaise paMcama, caturtha jAtiyAM' / 2. zrAjI vakA ke AdhArase bhI upajAtiyAM bana gayIM, kyoMki usa jAtimeM vahI AjIvikA pracalita thI; jaise kAsAra, setavAla jAtiyAM / 3. zrAvAsa kSetrakI apekSAse adhikAMza jAtiyAM astitvameM aayiiN| arthAt jisa deza athavA jisa grAmameM unake pUrvajoMkA AvAsa thA, usakI apekSA unakA nAmakaraNa huA; jaise golladezake golAlAre, lambakAMcana dezake lambakaMcuka; khaMDelA nagarake khaMDelavAla, zrosiyAke aosavAla; zrImAlake zrImAlI, ityAdi / 4. prAcIna kuloM aura guNoM ke vaMzaja honekI apekSAse bhI kucha upajAtiyAM astitvameM aAyI haiN| kauTilyane gaNataMtroMko 'vArtAzastropajIvI' likhA hai / arthAt ve vArtA (kRSi, pazupAlana yA vaNija ) aura astra ( sainika vRtti ) se apanI AjIvikA arjita karate the| udAharaNArtha agreya gaNataMtra ke vArtA-upajIvI vaMzaja Ajakalake agravAla haiM / kucha logoMkA khyAla hai ki khaMDelavAla Adi upajAtiyAM anAdi haiM, paraMtu vastutaH bAta aisI nahIM hai / zAstroMmeM inakA ullekha nahIM miltaa| siddhAnta dvArA anAditA siddha nahIM hotii| anAdi .................... .. .. 1. mUrti aura yaMtralekhoM meM aise aneka udAharaNa bhare par3e haiN| 2. kuMDanagara kRta aiTIkvaTIz2a oNpha kolhApura sTeTa / eka zilAlekhameM paMcama jAtike zrAvakoMko paMcavratAdi saMyukta honekAraNa paMcama likhA hai| 2. kAsAra vartana banAnekA kAma karate haiM ( bambaIke prAcIna jainasmAraka )
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________________ sArddhaM dvisahasrAbdika vIra zAsana to mAnava jAti hai / usa eka mAnava jAtiko Tukar3oM meM bAMTane kA kAma to mAnavakA hai| RSabhadevane samaSTikA dhyAna rakhakara mAnavoMke varga kiye kintu muslima kAlameM ( 13 vIM, 14vIM zatI meM ) mAnavake vyaktigata svArthane usako choTI choTI upajAtiyoMmeM bAMTa diyA / taduparAnta unameM jar3atA zrA gayI aura apanI hI upajAtimeM vivAha karaneke lie loga bAdhya hue / bhaTTArakagaNa zithilAcArameM phaMsa gaye; unhoMne zrAddha, tarpaNa, Adi vaidika kriyAyoMko jainiyoMmeM pracalita kiyA aura brAhmaNa-purohitoMkI taraha hI zrAvakoMse khUba rupayA vasUla kiyaa| zrI ToDaramalla dine bhaTTArakIya zithilatAkA bhaMDAphor3a kiyA aura zAstroMkI bhASATIkA karake dharmajJAnakA pracAra sarva sAdhAraNa meM kiyA / phalataH jainI apane viveka se kAma lene ke yogya bana sake / isa samaya sudhArakI eka jabaradasta lahara bhAratameM AyI / pratyeka sampradAyameM jar3a mUrtipUjA aura jAti-pAMtakI kaTTaratAkA virodha kiyA gyaa| naye-naye sampradAya bane, tAraNapaMtha aura sthAnakavAsI paMtha mUrtipUjA kA aMta aura sAmAjika udAratAko lekara avatarita hue / madhyavartI sudhArakoMne mUrtipUjAke samarthana meM yukti aura viveka se kAma liyaa| dIvAna zramaracaMda aura muni brahmagulAlakI kRtiyAM yahI batAtI haiN| jayapura, AgarA, Adi sthAna sudhArakoMke kendra the / ina sudhArakoMne aMdhavizvAsa aura dharmamUr3hatA ko jainoM meM panapane nahIM diyaa| bhaTTArakIya- prathAko gaharA dhakkA lagA, jisase vaha maraNAsanna ho gayI / kintu ye saba saMgaThita saMsthAke rUpameM nahIM the| isalie dhIre dhIre jaise jaise paMDita- gRhasthoM kA abhAva hotA gayA aura paMcAyatoM meM pakSapAta aura viveka ghusatA gayA vaise vaise yaha donoM hI niSprabha ho gaye / zrAja paMcAyateM haiM hI nahIM aura haiM bhI to zaktihIna / isa kAlameM purohitoMne jainoMke prati ghora viSa ugalA / kyoMki jainI brAhmaNa-purohitoMko apane mAMgalika kAryoM meM nahIM bulAte the aura na dAna-dakSiNA dete the, ve dayanIya sthitimeM the / prAnta prAnta jainoM kA yadi adhyayana kiyA jAya to prAyaH isI taraha kI sthiti dIkha par3egI / muslima kAlake prAraMbha meM jahAM jainI itane udAra the ki eka vezyA taka ko zrAvikA banA sakate the, vahAM isa kAlameM vaha itane saMkucita hue ki sanmArga se unmukha hue apane jainI bhAI yA bahanako bhI saMbhAlakara ghara meM na lA ske| unameM jAtigata pArasparika spRddhA bhI ho calI thI; jisane jAtivAcaka jaina maMdiroMko janma diyA / mandira aura bhagavAn bhI agravAla, khaMDelavAla, padmAvatIpuravAla, Adi ho gaye / isa mithyA dhAraNAkA jahara abhI taka jainoM meM se gayA nahIM hai / isa dayanIya sthiti se vidharmI pracArakoM ne manamAnA lAbha uThAyA / aneka jainI IsAI banAye gaye to bahuta-se musalamAna ho gaye / AdhAnika yuga jaina hI nahIM, jainetara vaidika sampradAyoM para bhI aise hI AkramaNa ho rahe the para kisI meM 307
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha pratikriyA nahIM thI / isa viSama samayameM svAmI dayAnanda Age Aye / vaha gujarAtameM rahate the aura sthAnakavAsI jaina sAdhuaoMkA prabhAva una para par3A thA / unhoMne sabhI sampradAyoM para burI taraha aAkramaNa kiyaa| saba loga tilamilA uThe, sabako apanA ghara samhAlanekA hoza AyA / jainiyoMne yadyapi dayAnaMdajIse saphala morcA liyA; parantu utanA paryApta nahIM thA / jainiyoM meM dharmajJAna phailAnekI AvazyakatA pratIta huI / jainoMmeM diggaja vidvAn bhI taiyAra karanA Avazyaka pratIta huA / phalataH mathurAke vArSika melApara zrI "jainadharma saMrakSiNI mahAsabhA kI sthApanA digambara jainiyoMne kI / saba hI digambara jaina usake sadasya ho sakate the / "jainasaMgha' kI punarAvRtti karanA hI mAno usake saMsthApakoMkA dhyeya thA / upajAtiyoMko bhulAkara saba hI jainI usameM sammilita hue aura unhoMne bhrAtRbhAvakA anubhava kiyA / usa samaya jainoMmeM itanI kaTTaratA thI ki saba jainI khule Ama sabake yahAM 'roTI' bhI nahIM khA sakate the| zrAvakAcAra donoM pAlate the; paraMtu upa jAtikA abhimAna usameM vAdhaka thA / mahAsabhAmeM sammilita honese jainiyoM kI yaha kaTTaratA miTa gayI saba hI jainI eka dUsare ke samparka meM Aye aura vAtsalya bhAvako prApta hue / mahAsabhAne "jaina mahAvidyAlaya" kI bho sthApanA kI, jisakA uddezya uccakoTike saMskRtajJa vidvAn utpanna karanA thA / samAja sudhArake lie mahAsabhAne bAla vRddha-vivAha, vezyAnRtya, bakhera, AtizabAjI, Adi kurItiyoMke viruddha AvAja uThAyI thii| kucha aMgrejI par3he likhe logoMke hRdayoMmeM saMgaThanake bhAvakA udaya avazya huzrA aura unhoMne "jaina yaMga menasa aisosiyezana" ko janma diyaa| vahI "zrAla iMDiyA jaina esosiyezana" ( "bhArata jaina mahAmaMDala" ) ke rUpameM parivartita ho gayA hai; kintu vaha bhI jainasaMghako punaH saMgaThita banAnemeM asaphala rhaa| isake bAda do dala ho gye| eka dala sthitipAlanako hI paryApta samajhatA thA aura dUsarA nirantara sudhAra karanA cAhatA thaa| mahAsabhAke mahAvidyAlayako kolija banAnepara saMgharSa prArambha huzrA / uparAnta vaha saMgharSa dharma grantha chapAne, kolija-skUla kholane, dassAaoMko pUjA karane dene, aAdi bAtoMko lekara bar3hatA hI gyaa| samAjameM jAgRtikI lahara daur3a gayI vidyAlaya aura pAThazAlAeM kholI gayIM / zrAvikAzrama bhI khole gye| isa kAlameM jaina zikSAko vizeSa protsAhana pUjya paM0 sva0 gopAladAsajI varaiyA dvArA milaa| unhoMne dassAoMko pUjA karane denekA pakSa liyA thA / khataulIke mukaddame meM dassAoMkI taraphase gavAhI bhI dI / (1) ajainoMko jainI banAne aura unase roTI beTI vyavahAra karane, (2) cAritrabhraSToMkI zuddhi karane, (3) dassAoMko darzana pUjana karane dene, (4) antarajAtIya vivAha karane aura (5) puruSa-strIko samAna rUpameM dharma zikSA denepara varaiyAjIne jora diyA thaa| ina upAyoM dvArA hI punaH eka akhaMDa jaina-saMghakA janma saMbhava thaa| dillIke pUjA-mahotsavake 1. Modern Religious Movement in India ( Calcutta ) P 104. 308
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________________ sAdvisahasrAbdika-vIra-zAsana samaya utsAhI yuvakoM aura netAoMne "zra0 bhAratIya digambara jaina pariSada'' kI sthApanA kii| 1923 meM pariSadakA janma huzrA aura tabase vaha katipaya unhIM sudhAroMkA pracAra karanekA prayatna kara rahA hai, jinakA pratipAdana paMDita-pravara sva0 gopAladAsajI varaiyAne sabase pahale kiyA thaa| mahAsabhAkI susupti tathA pariSadke aAdhunika jozako dekha kara hI di0 jainoMmeM 'bhA0 di0 jainasaMgha' kA udaya huA / prAraMbhameM saMgha dvArA vidharmiyoMse saphala zAstrArtha kiye gye| jinase kAphI dharma prabhAvanA huI / aba kucha varSoM se samayake sAtha saMghane apanI nIti badala dI hai| aba usake dvArA samAjameM sarvadA evaM vizeSa utsavoM para dharmopadezaka bhejakara pracAra kArya hotA hai / jainadharmake kucha grantha bhI saMghane prakAzana kiye haiM / kintu itanese lupta di0 jainasaMghako punaH astitvameM nahIM lAyA jA sktaa| puruSoM ke sAtha mahilAoMmeM zrAvikAzramoM dvArA jo jAgRti huI, usakA zreya sva0 zrI maganabAIjI, zrI kaMkubAIjI aura zrI lalitA bAIjIke sAtha viduSIratna paM0 candAbAIjIko bhI prApta hai / unake udyogase hI 'bhA0 di* jaina mahilA pariSada' kA janma huaA; jisake dvArA jainamahilAoM meM kucha jAgRti phailAyI jA rahI hai / mahiloddhArake lie bhI bahuta kucha karanA zeSa hai| sAMskRtika uddhAra aura itihAsAnveSaNake lie jainiyoMne koI ullekhanIya kArya nahIM kiyA hai| ekamAtra patra 'jainasiddhAntabhAskara' zrArAse pragaTa ho rahA hai| yadyapi granthoddhArake lie 'zrI mANikacaMdra granthamAlA', 'zrI lakSmIcaMdra granthamAlA', 'zrI cavaresIrIja', prabhRti aneka saMsthAeM kArya kara rahI haiM; kintu prakAzanake sAtha unake dvArA janasAhityake lokavyApI prasArakA udyoga nahIM ho rahA hai / zvetAmbara samAja lokameM apane sAhityakA prasAra karanemeM agrasara hai / zvetAmbarIya saMsthAtroM 'siMdhI jaina grantha-mAlA' Adi kA rUpa sArvajanika hai / kAzIkI bhAratIya jJAnapIThane apanA dRSTikoNa ukta saMsthA parase vizAla to banAyA hai; parantu abhI taka usake dvArA koI Thosa kArya nahIM huA hai| lokameM ahiMsA-saMskRtikA prasAra karaneke lie jainiyoMko milakara koI kadama uThAnA cAhiye / anyathA jaina yuvaka hI jainatvase bahaka rahe haiN| zvetAmvara aura sthAnakavAsI jainasamAjoMmeM bhI apanI apanI sabhAeM sAmAjika vyavasthAke lie haiM / kintu unake samAjakA netRttva unake prAcAryoM aura sAdhuoMke hAthameM hai| sAdhusaMghameM yadyapi jAti-pAMtikA dhyAna nahIM rakkhA jAtA hai, pratyeka jAtikA mumukSu sAdhu ho jAtA hai; parantu zrAvaka-saMgha to di jainoMkI bhAMti zvetAmbaroMmeM bhI baMTA huzrA hai aura jainasaMghakI ekatAko miTAye hue haiM / isa prakAra gata DhAI hajAra varSoM kI yaha rUpa rekhA isa kalpake avasarpiNItvako hI siddha karatI hai| 306
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________________ saMskRta sAhityake vikAsameM jaina vidvAnoMkA sahayoga zrI DA0 maMgaladeva, zAstrI, ema, e0, pIeca0 DI0 ___ bhAratIya vicAradhArAkI samunnati aura vikAsameM anya prAcAryoM ke samAna jaina zrAcAryoM tathA granthakAroMkA jo bar3A hAtha rahA hai usase aAjakalakI vidvanmaNDalI sAdhAraNatayA paricita nahIM hai / isa lekhakA uddezya yahI hai ki ukta vicAradhArAkI samRddhi meM jo jaina vidvAnoMne sahayoga diyA hai usakA kucha digdarzana karAyA jAya / jaina vidvAnoMne prAkRta, apabhraMza, gujarAtI, hindI, rAjasthAnI, telagu, tAmila, Adi bhASAoMke sAhityakI taraha saMskRta bhASAke sAhityakI samRddhi meM bar3A bhAga liyA hai / siddhAnta, zrAgama, nyAya, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, nATaka, campU, stotiSa, Ayurveda, koSa, alaGkAra, chanda, gaNita, rAjanIti, subhASita Adike kSetrameM jaina lekhakoMkI mUlyavAna saMskRta racanAeM upalabdha haiM / isa prakAra khoja karane para jaina saMskRta sAhitya vizAla rUpameM hamAre sAmane upasthita hotA hai / usa vizAla sAhityakA pUrNa paricaya karAnA isa alpakAya lekhameM sambhava nahIM hai / yahAM hama kevala una jaina racanAtroM ko sUcanA denA cAhate haiM jo mahattvapUrNa haiM / jaina saiddhAntika tathA prArambhika granthoMkI carcA hama jAna bUjhakara chor3a rahe haiM / jainanyAya jaina nyAyake maulika tattvoMko sarala aura subodha rItise pratipAdana karane vAle mukhyatayA do grantha haiM / prathama, abhinava dharmabhUSaNayati-viracita nyAyadIpikA, dUsarA mANikyanandikA parIkSAmukha' nyAyadIpikAmeM pramANa aura nayakA bahuta hI spaSTa aura vyavasthita vivecana kiyA gayA hai / yaha eka prakaraNAtmaka saMkSipta racanA hai jo tIna prakAzoMmeM samApta huI hai| gautamake 'nyAyasUtra' aura diGnAgake 'nyAyapraveza' kI taraha mANikyanandikA 'parIkSAmukha' jainanyAyakA sarva prathama sUtragrantha hai| yaha chaha paricchedoMmeM vibhakta hai aura samasta sUtra saMkhyA 207 hai / yaha navamI zatIkI racanA hai aura itanI mahatvapUrNa hai ki uttaravartI granthakAroMne isa para aneka isa lekhakI prAyaH samagra sAmagrI paM0 rAjakumArajI sAhityAcArya dvArA prApta huI hai| isake lie unako dhanyavAda hai| 310
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________________ saMskRta sAhityake vikAsameM jainavidvAnakA sahayoga vizAla TIkAeM likhI haiM / zrAcArya prabhAcandra [780 -1065 I.] ne isa para bAraha hajAra zloka parimANa 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' nAmaka vistRta TIkA likhI hai| bArahavIM zatIke laghu anantavIryane isI grantha para eka 'prameya ratnamAlA' nAmakI TIkA likhI hai| isakI racanA-zailI itanI vizada aura prAJjala hai aura isameM carcita kiyA gayA prameya itane mahatvakA hai ki prAcArya hemacandrane aneka sthaloM para apanI pramANa-mImAMsAmeM isakA zabdazaH aura arthazaH anukaraNa kiyA hai| laghu anantavIryane to mANikyanandike parIkSAmukhako akalaGkake vacanarUpI samudrake manthanase udbhUta 'nyAyavidyAmRta'' batalAyA hai| ___ upayukta do maulikagranthoMke atirikta anya pramukha nyAyagranthoMkA paricaya denA bhI yahAM aprAsaMgika na hogA / anekAnta vAdako vyavasthita karanekA sarva prathama zreya svAmI samantabhadra, (dvi0 yA tR0 zatI I0) aura siddhasena divAkara (chaThI zatI I0) ko prApta hai svAmI samantabhadrakI prAptamImAMsA aura yuktyanuzAsana mahatvapUrNa kRtiyAM haiM / prAptamImAMsAmeM ekAnta vAdiyoMke mantavyoMkI gambhIra AlocanA karate hue prAptakI mImAMsA kI gayI hai aura yuktiyoM ke sAtha syAdvAda siddhAnta kI vyavasthA kI gayI hai| isake Upara bhaTTAkalaGka ( 720-780 I0) kA aSTazatI vivaraNa upalabdha hai tathA prAcArya vidyAnandi ( 9 vIM0 za0 I0 ) kA "aSTasahasrI" nAmaka vistRta bhASya aura vasunandikI ( devAgamavRtti) nAmaka TIkA prApya haiM / yukatyanuzAsanameM jaina zAsanakI nirdoSatA sayuktika siddha kI gayI hai| isI prakAra siddhasena divAkara dvArA apanI stuti pradhAna battIsiyoMmeM aura mahatvapUrNa sanmatitarka bhASya meM bahuta hI spaSTa rItise tatkAlIna pracalita ekAntavAdoMkA syAdvAda siddhAntake sAtha kiyA gayA samanvaya dikhalAyI detA hai| ___ bhaTTAkalaGkadeva jainanyAyake prasthApaka mAne jAte haiM aura inake pazcAdbhAvI samasta jaina tArkika inake dvArA vyavasthita nyAya mArgakA anukaraNa karate hue ho dRSTigocara hote haiN| inakI aSThazatI, nyAyavinizcaya, siddhivinizcaya, ladhIyastraya aura pramANasaMgraha bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa dArzanika racanAeM haiM / inakI samasta racanAeM jaTila aura durbodha haiM / parantu ve itanI gambhIra haiM ki unameM 'gAgara meM sAgara' kI taraha pade pade jaina dArzanika tattvajJAna bharA par3A hai|' AThavIM zatIke vidvAna AcArya haribhadrakI anekAntajayapatAkA tathA SaTdarzanasamuccaya mUlyavAna aura sArapUrNa kRtiyAM haiM / IsAkI navIM zatIke prakANDa prAcArya vidyAnandi ke aSTasahastrI, prAptaparIkSA aura tattvArthazlokavArtika, aAdi racanAoMmeM bhI eka vizAla kintu AlocanA pUrNa adbhut-vicaar-raashi| bikharI huI dikhalAyI detI hai| inakI pramANaparIkSA nAmaka racanAmeM vibhinna prAmANika mAnyatAoMkI aAlocanA kI gayI hai aura akalaGka-sammata pramANoMkA sayuktika samarthana kiyA gayA hai| suprasiddha 1, akalaGkavaco'mbhodheruddadhe yena dhImatA / nyAya vidyAmRtaM tasmai namo 'mANikyanandine / / " 'prabheyaratnamAlA' pR0 2.
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________________ varNI - zrabhinandana grantha tArkika prabhAcandra zrAcAryane apane dIrghakAya prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra meM jaina pramANa zAstra se sambandhita samasta viSayoMkI vistRta aura vyavasthita vivecanA kI hai / tathA gyAravIM zatIke vidvAn abha yadevane siddhasena divAkarakRta sanmatitarkakI TIkAke vyAjase samasta dArzanika vAdoMkA saMgraha kiyA hai / bArahavIM zatI vidvAn vAdI devarAjasUrikA syAdvAdaratnAkara bhI eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai tathA kalikAla sarvajJa zrAcArya hemacandrakI pramANamImAMsA bhI jaina nyAyakI eka anUThI racanA hai / ukta racanAeM navyanyAyakI zailIse eka dama spRSTa haiN| hAM, vimaladAsakI saptabhaMgataraGgiNI aura vAcaka yazovijayajI dvArA likhita anekAntavyavasthA, zAstravArtAsamuccaya tathA aSTasahasrIkI TIkA avazya hI navyanyAyakI zailI se likhita pratIta hotI haiM / vyAkaraNa pUjyapAda (vi0 chaTIM za0 ) kA 'jainanendra vyAkaraNa' sarva prathama jaina vyAkaraNa grantha kamAnA jAtA hai / mahAkavi dhanaJjaya ( 8 vIM za0 ) ne ise 'pazcima ratna " batalAyA hai ? isa grantha pura nimna likhita cAra TIkAeM upalabdha haiM : :- ( 1 ) abhayanandikRta mahAvRtti, (2) prabhAcandrakRta zabdAmbhojabhAskara, (3) zrAcArya zrutakIrtikRta paJcastu prakriyA tathA ( 4 ) paM0 mahAcandrakRta laghujainendra / isameM eka bhI vArtika prastuta jainendravyAkaraNake do prakArake sUtrapATha pAye jAte haiM / prathama sUtra - pAThake darzana upari likhita cAra TIkA- granthoM meM hote haiM aura dUsare sUtrapATha ke zabdArNava- candrikA' tathA zabdArNavaprakriyA' meM / pahale pAThameM 3000 sUtra haiM / yaha sUtrapATha pANinIyakI sUtra - paddhati ke samAna hai / ise sarvAGga sampanna banAne kI dRSTise mahAvRttimeM aneka vArtika aura upasaMkhyAnoMkA niveza kiyA gayA hai| dUsare sUtra - pATha meM 3700 sUtra haiN| pahale sUtra pAThakI apekSA isameM 700 sUtra adhika haiM aura isI kAraNa AdikA upayoga nahIM huA hai / isa saMzodhita aura parivarddhita saMskaraNakA nAma zAbdArNava' hai / isake kartA guNanandi (vi0 10 za0 ) zrAcArya haiM / zabdArNava para bhI do TIkAeM upalabdha haiM : - ( 1 ) zabdArNava candrikA aura ( 2 ) zabdArNavaprakriyA / zabdArNavacandrikA somadeva munine vi0 saM0 1262 meM likhakara samApta kI hai aura zabdAvaprakriyAkAra bhI bArahavIM zatIke cArUkIrti paNDitAcArya anumAnita kiye gaye haiM / 1. " pramANamakalakasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNam / dhanaJjayako kAvyaM ratnatrayamapazcima // " dhananjaya nAmamAlA, 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa ( paM0 nAthUrAma premI ) kA 'devanandi aura unakA jainendra vyAkaraNa' zIrSaka nibandha | 312
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________________ saMskRta sAhitya ke vikAsa meM jaina vidvAnoMkA sahayoga mahArAja moghavarSa ( prathama ) ke samakAlIna zAkaTAyana yA pAlyakIrtikA zAkaTAyana( zabdAnuzAsana ) vyAkaraNa bhI mahatvapUrNa racanA hai / prastuta vyAkaraNa para nimnAGkita sAta TIkAe upalabdha haiM ( 1 ) amoghavRtti - zAkaTAganake zabdAnuzAsana para svayaM sUtrakAra dvArA likhI gayI yaha sarvAdhika vistRta aura mahatvapUrNa TIkA hai / rASTrakUTa nareza amoghavarSako lakSyameM rakhate hue hI isakA ukta nAmakaraNa kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai / ( 2 ) zAkaTAyana nyAsa - zramodhavRtti para prabhAcandrAcArya dvArA viracita yaha nyAsa hai / isake kevala do adhyAya hI upalabdha haiM / ( 3 ) cintAmaNi TIkA ( laghIyasI vRtti ) - isake racayitA yakSavarmA haiM / aura amoghavRttiko saMkSipta karake hI isakI racanA kI gayI hai / (4) maNi prakAzikA - isake kartA jitasenAcArya haiM / ( 5 ) prakriyA saMgraha --bhaTTojIdIkSitakI siddhAntakaumudIkI paddhatipara likhI gayI yaha eka prakriyA TIkA hai, isake kartA zrabhayacandra AcArya hai | ( 6 ) zAkaTAyana-TIkA--bhAvasena ' traividyadevane isakI racanA kI hai / yaha kAtantrako rUpamAlA TIkA ke bhI racayitA haiM / ( 7 ) rUpa - siddhi - laghukaumudIke samAna yaha eka alpakAya TIkA hai / isake kartA dApAla (vi0 11 vIM za0 ) muni haiM / AcArya hemacandrakA siddhahema zabdAnuzAsana bhI mahatvapUrNa racanA hai / yaha itanI AkarSaka racanA rahI hai ki isake AdhArapara taiyAra kiye gaye aneka vyAkaraNa grantha upalabdha hote haiM / inake atirikta anya aneka jaina vyAkaraNa grantha jainAcAryoMne likhe haiM aura aneka jainetara vyAkaraNa granthoMpara mahatvapUrNa TIkAeM bhI likhI haiN| pUjyapAdane pANinIya vyAkaraNapara 'zabdAvatAra' nAmaka eka nyAsa likhA thA jo samprati aprApya hai aura jainAcAryoM dvArA sArasvata vyAkaraNapara likhita vibhinna bIsa TIkAeM Aja bhI upalabdha haiM / zarvavarmA kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa bhI eka subodha aura saMkSipta vyAkaraNa hai tathA isapara bhI vibhinna caudaha TIkAeM prApya haiM / alaGkAra alaMkAra viSaya meM bhI jainAcAryoMkI mahatvapUrNa racanAeM upalabdha haiM / hemacandra aura vAgbhaTake kAvyAnuzAsana tathA vAgbhaTakA vAgbhaTAlaMkAra mahatvakI racanAeM haiM / jitasena zrAcAryakI zralaMkAracintAmaNi aura amaracandrakI kAvyakalpalatA bahuta hI saphala racanAeM haiM / jainetara alaMkAra zAstroM para bhI jainAcAryoM kI katipaya TIkAeM pAyI jAtI haiM / kAvyaprakAzake Upara bhAnucandragaNi, mANikyacandra, jayanandisUri aura yazovijayagaNi ( tapAgaccha ) kI TIkAeM 1. jinaratnakoza ( bha0 au0 ri0 60, pUnA ) / 40 313
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha upalabdha haiM / isake sivA daNDIke kAvyAdarzapara tribhuvanacandrakRta TIkA pAyI jAtI hai aura rudraTake kAvyAlaMkAra para nemisAdhu ( 1125 vi0 saM0 ) ke TippaNa bhI sArapUrNa haiM / nATaka nATakIya sAhitya sRjanameM bhI jaina sAhityakAroMne apanI pratibhAkA upayoga kiyA hai / ubhayabhASA-kavicakravartI hastimalla ( 13 vIM za0 ) ke vikrAntakaurava ( jayakumAra - sulocanA ), subhadrAharaNa, maithilIkalyANa, aura aJjanApavanajjaya ullekhanIya nATaka haiM / AAdike do nATaka mahAbhAratIya kathA ke AdhAra para race gaye haiM aura uttarake do rAmakathA ke AdhAra para / hemacandra zrAcArya ke ziSya rAmacandrasUrike aneka nATaka upalabdha haiN| jisameM nalavivAha, satya harizcandra, kaumudImitrAnanda, rAghavAbhyudaya, nirbhayabhImavyAyoga, zrAdi nATaka bahuta hI prasiddha haiM / zrIkRSNa mizra ke 'prabodhacandrodaya' kI paddhati para rUpakAtmaka ( Allegorical ) zailI meM likhA gayA yazapAla ( 13 vIM sadI) kA moharAjaparAjaya eka suprasiddha nATaka hai| isI zailImeM likhe gaye vAdicandrasUrikRta jJAnasUryodaya tathA yazazcandrakRta mudita- kumudacandra asAmpradAyika nATaka haiM / inake atirikta jayasiMhakA hammIramadamardana nAmaka eka aitihAsika nATaka bhI upalabdha hai / kAvya- jaina kAvya - sAhitya bhI apane DhaMgakA nirAlA hai| kAvya - sAhitya se hamArA zrAzaya gadyakAvya, mahAkAvya, caritakAvya, campUkAvya, citrakAvya aura dUtakAvyoMse haiN| gadyakAvya meM dhanapAlakI tilakamaJjarI ( 970 I0 ) aura zroyaDadeva ( vAdIbhasiMha 11 vIM sadI ) kI gadyacintAmaNi mahAkavi bANakRta kAdambarI ke jor3akI racanAeM haiN| mahAkAvya meM haricandrakA dharmazarmAbhyudaya, vIranandi kA candraprabhacarita zrabhayadevakA jayantavijaya, zraddAsakA munisuvratakAvya, vAdirAjakA pArzvanAthacarita, vAgbhaTakA neminirvANakAvya, municandrakA zAntinAthacarita aura mahAsenakA pradyumnacarita, zrAdi utkRSTa koTike mahAkAvya tathA kAvya haiM / caritakAvya meM jaTAsiMhanandikA varAGgacarita, rAyamallakA jambUsvAmIcarita, prasaMga kavikA mahAvIracarita, Adi uttama caritakAvya mAne jAte haiM / campUkAvya meM zrAcArya somadevakA yazastilakacampU ( vi0 1016 ) bahuta hI khyAtiprApta racanA hai / aneka vidvAnoMke vicArameM upalabdha saMskRta sAhitya meM isake jor3akA eka bhI campUkAvya nahIM hai / harizcandra mahAkavikA jIvandharacampU tathA zrarhAsakA purudeva campU ( 13 vIM zatI) bhI ucca koTikI 314
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________________ saMskRta sAhityake vikAsameM jaina vidvAnoMkA sahayoga racanAeM haiN| citrakAvyameM mahAkavi dhanaJjaya (8 vIM0 za0 ) kA dvisandhAna, zAntirAjakA paJcasandhAna, hemacandra tathA medhavijayagaNIke saptasandhAna, jagannAtha (1666 vi0 saM0 ) kA caturviMzati sandhAna tathA jinasenAcAryakA pArvAbhyudaya uttamakoTike citrakAvya haiN| dUtakAvyameM meghadUtakI paddhati para likhe gaye vAdicandrakA pavanadUta, caritasundarakA zIladUta, vinayaprabhakA candradUta, vikramakA nemidUta aura jayatilakasU rikA dharmadUta ullekhanIya dUta-kAvya haiN| __inake atirikta candraprabhasUrikA prabhAvakacarita, merutuGgakRta prabandhacintAmaNi ( 1306 I0) rAjazekharakA prabandhakoSa (1342 I0 ) Adi prabandhakAvya aitihAsika dRSThise bar3e ho mahatvapUrNa haiM / chandazAstra-- chandazAstra para bhI jaina vidvAnoMkI mUlyavAna racanAeM upalabdha haiM / jayakIrti (1162) kA svopajJa chando'nuzAsana tathA prAcArya hemacandrakA svopajJa chando'nuzAsana mahatvakI racanAe haiM / jayakIrtine apane chando'nuzAsanake antameM likhA hai ki unhoMne mANDavya, piGgala, janAzraya, saitava, zrIpUjyapAda aura jayadeva Adike chandazAstroMke aAdhArapara apane chando'nuzAsanakI racanA kI hai| vAgbhaTakA chando'nuzAsana bhI isI koTikI racanA hai aura isapara inakI svopajJa TIkA bhI hai| rAjazekharasUri (1179 vi0 ) kA chandaHzekhara aura ratnamaMjUSA bhI ullekhanIya racanAeM haiM / isake atirikta jainetara chandazAstroM para bhI jainAcAryoMkI TIkAeM pAyI jAtI haiM / kedArabhaTTake vRttaratnAkara para somacandragaNI, kSemahaMsagaNI, samayasundara upAdhyAya, AsaDa aura merusuMdara, zrAdikI TIkAeM upalabdha haiM / isI prakAra kAlidAsake zrutabodha para bhI harSakIrti, haMsarAja, aura kAntivijayagaNIkI TIkAeM prApya haiM / saMskRta bhASAke chandaHzAstroMke sivA prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASAke chanda zAstroMpara bhI jainAcaryoMkI mahatvapUrNa TIkAeM upalabdha haiM / koza kozake kSetrameM bhI jaina sAhityakAroMne apanI lekhanIkA yatheSTa kauzala pradarzita kiyA hai| amarasiMhagaNIkRta amarakoSa saMskRtajJa samAjameM sarvopayogI aura sarvottama koSa mAnA jAtA hai| usakA paThana-pAThana bhI anya koSoMkI apekSA sarvAdhika rUpameM pracalita hai| dhanaJjayakRta dhanaJjaya nAmamAlA do sau zlokoMkI alpakAya racanA hone para bhI bahuta hI upayogI hai| prAthamika kakSAke vidyArthiyoM ke lie jainasamAjameM isakA khUba hI pracalana hai| 1 mAMDavya-piGgala-janAzraya-saitavAkhya, zrIpUjyapAda-jayadeva budhAdikAnAm / chandAMsi vIkSya vividhAnapi satprayogAn, chando'nuzAsanamidaM jayakIrtinoktam / / 315
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________________ varNI abhinandana-grantha amarakoSakI TIkA (vyAkhyAsudhAkhyA ) kI taraha isapara bhI amarakIrtikA eka bhASya upalabdha hai| isa prasaGgameM prAcArya hemacandra viracita abhidhAnacintAmaNi nAmamAlA eka ullekhanIya kozakRti hai| zrIdharasenakA vizvalocanakoSa, jisakA aparanAma muktAvalI hai eka viziSTa aura apane DhaMgakI anUThI racanA hai| isameM kakArAntAdi vyaJjanoMke kramase zabdoMkI saMkalanA kI gayI hai jo ekadama navIna hai| mantrazAstra-- ___ mantra zAstrapara bhI jaina racanAeM upalabdha haiM / vikramakI gyArahavIM sadIke anta aura bArahavIM ke Adike vidvAn malliSeNakA bhairavapadmAvatIkalpa, sarasvatI-mantrakalpa aura jvAlAmAlinIkalpa mahatvapUrNa racanAeM haiN| bhairava-padmAvatI-kalpameM, mantrI-lakSaNa, sakalI karaNa, devyarcana, dvAdazaraJjikAmantrIddhAra, krodhAdistambhana, aGganAkarSaNa, vazIkaraNa yantra, nimitta, vazIkaraNa tantra aura gArur3amantra nAmaka dasa adhikAra haiM tathA isapara bandhuSeNakA eka saMskRta vivaraNa bhI upalabdha hai| jvAlA-mAlinIkalpa nAmaka eka anya racanA indranandikI bhI upalabdha hai jo zaka saM0 861 meM mAnyakheTameM racI gayI thii| vidyAnuvAda yA vidyAnuzAsana nAmaka eka aura bhI mahattvapUrNa racanA hai jo 24 adhyAyoMmeM vibhakta hai| yaha malliSeNAcAryakI kRti batalAyI jAtI hai; parantu antaHparIkSaNase pratIta hotA hai ki ise malliSeNake kisI uttaravartI vidvAnne grathita kiyA hai / inake atirikta hastimallakA vidyAnuvAdAGga tathA bhaktAmarastotra mantra bhI ullekhanIya racanAeM haiM / subhASita aura rAjanIti-- subhASita aura rAjanItise sambandhita sAhityake sRjanameM bhI jaina lekhakoMne paryApta yogadAna diyA hai / isa prasaGgameM prAcArya amitagatikA subhASita ratnasandoha ( 1050 vi0 ) eka sundara racanA hai| isameM sAMsArika viSaya-nirAkaraNa, mAyAhaMkAra-nirAkaraNa, indriyanigrahopadeza, strIguNadoSa vicAra, devanirUpaNa zrAdi battIsa prakaraNa haiN| pratyeka prakaraNa bIsa bIsa, paccIsa paccIsa padyoMmeM samApta huA / hai / somaprabhakI sUktamuktAvalI, sakalakIrtikI subhASitAvalI, zrAcArya zubhacandrakA jJAnArNava, hemacandrAcAryakA yogazAstra, zrAdi uccakoTike subhASita grantha haiN| inameM se antima donoM granthoMmeM yogazAstrakA mahattvapUrNa nirUpaNa hai| rAjanItimeM somadevasU rikA nItivAkyAmRta bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa racanA hai / somadevasUrine apane samayameM upalabdha hone vAle samasta rAjanaitika aura arthazAstrIya sAhityakA manthana karake isa 1. isa granthako zrIsArAbhAI maNilAla navAba ahamadAbAdane sarasvatIkalpa tathA aneka pariziSToMke sAtha gujarAtI anuvAda sahita prakAzita kiyA hai / 2. jaina sAhisya aura itihAsa (zrI paM0 nAthUrAma premI ) pR0 415 / 316
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________________ saMskRta sAhityake vikAsameM jainavidvAnoMkA sahayoga sAravat nItivAkyAmRtakA sRjana kiyA hai, ataH yaha racanA apane DhaMgakI maulika aura mUlyavAn hai / Ayurveda-- Ayurvedake sambandhameM bhI kucha jaina racanAeM upalabdha haiN| ugrAdityakA kalyANakAraka, pUjyapAdakA vaidyasAra acchI racanAeM haiN| paMDitapravara zrAzAdhara ( 13 vIM sadI ) ne vAgbhaTa yA carakasaMhitApara eka aSTAGga hRdayodyotinI nAmaka TokA likhI thI, parantu samprati vaha aprApya hai| cAmuNDarAyakRta naracikitsA, malliSeNakRta bAlagrahacikitsA tathA somaprabhAcAryakA rasa-prayoga bhI upayogI racanAeM haiM / kalA aura vijJAna jainAcAryoMne vaijJAnika sAhityake Upara bhI apanI lekhanI claayii| haMsadeva ( 13 vI sadI) kA mRgapakSIzAstra eka utkRSTa koTiko racanA mAlUma detI hai| isameM 1712 padya haiM aura isakI eka pANDulipi trivendamkI rAjakIya pustakAgArameM surakSita haiN| isake atirikta cAmuNDarAya kRta kUpajalajJAna, vanaspatisvarUpa, nidhAnAdiparIkSAzAstra, dhAtusAra, dhanurveda, ratnaparIkSA, vijJAnArNava Adi grantha bhI ullekhanIya vaijJAnika racanAeM haiN| jyotiSa, sAmudrika tathA svamazAstra jyotiSazAstrake sambandhameM jainAcAryoMkI mahatvapUrNa racanAeM upalabdha haiM, gaNita aura phalita donoM bhAgoMke Upara jyotirgrantha pAye jAte haiM / jainAcAryoMne gaNita jyotiS sambandhI viSayakA pratipAdana karaneke lie pATIgaNita, bIjagaNita, rekhAgaNita, trikoNamiti, golIya rekhAgaNita, cApIya evaM vakrIya trikoNamiti, pratibhAgaNita, zRGgonnatigaNita, paJcAGga nirmANagaNita, janmapatra nirmANagaNita, grahayutiudayAsta sambandhI gaNita evaM yantrAdisAdhana sambandhita gaNitakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| jainagaNitake vikAsakA svarNayuga chaThavIMse bArahavIM zatI taka hai| isa bIca aneka mahatvapUrNa gaNita granthoMkA grathana huA hai / isake pahalekI koI svatantra racanA upalabdha nahIM hai| katipaya Agamika granthoMmeM avazya gaNita sambandhI kucha bIjasUtra pAye jAte haiN| sUryaprajJapti tathA candraprajJapti prAkRtakI racanAeM hone para bhI jainagaNitakI atyanta mahatvapUrNa tathA prAcIna racanAeM haiN| inameM sUrya aura candrase tathA inake graha, tArA, maNDala, Adise sambandhita gaNita tathA aneka vidvAnoMkA ullekha dRSTigocara hotA hai| inake atirikta mahAvIrAcArya ( 9 vIM sadI) kA gaNitasArasaMgraha; zrIdharadevakA gaNitazAstra, hemaprabhasU rikA trailokyaprakAza aura siMhatilakasUrikA gaNitatilaka, Adi grantha bhoM sAragarbhita aura upayogI hai / phalita jyotiSase samvandhita horAzAstra, saMhitAzAstra, muhUrtazAstra, sAmudrikazAstra, praznazAstra 317
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha aura svapnazAstra zrAdi para bhI jainAcAryoMne apanI racanAoM meM paryApta prakAza DAlA hai aura aneka maulika grantha bhI likhe haiM / isa prasaGgameM candrasena munikA kevalajJAna horA, dAmanandike ziSya bhaTTavAsarakA zrAyajJAnatilaka, candronmIlana prazna, bhadrabAhu nimittazAstra, ardhakANDa, muhUrtadarpaNa, jinapAla gaNIkA svapnavicAra tathA durlabharAjakI svapnacintAmaNi, Adi upayogI grantha haiN| jaisA Upara kahA gayA hai, isa lekhameM saMskRta sAhityake viSayameM jaina vidvAnoMke mUlyavAna sahayogakA kevala digdarzana hI karAyA gayA hai / saMskRta sAhityake premiyoMko una AdaraNIya jainavidvAnoMkA kRtajJa hI honA cAhie | hamArA yaha kartavya hai ki hama hRdayase isa mahAn sAhityase paricaya prApta kareM aura yathAsambhava usakA saMskRta samAjameM pracAra kreN| YA
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________________ svAmI samantabhadra tathA pATaliputra zrI DI0 jI0 mahAjana 'pUrva pATaliputra madhyanagare bherI mayA tADitA, pazcAnmAlava sindhu Thakka viSaye kAJcIpure vaidishe| prApto'haM karahATaMka bahubhaTa vidyotkaTaM saMghaTaM, vAdArthI vicarAmyahaM narapate zArdUlavikrIDitam // ' zravaNa belagolAke zilAlekhakA yaha zloka prAcArya svAmI samantabhadrake nAmako pATaliputrase sambaddha karatA hai / katipaya vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki svAmIne magadhake pATaliputrakI yAtrAkI thii| zrI paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra bhI zravaNavelagolakI aitihAsikatAke kAraNa ukta vicArase sahamata haiM / kintu san '45-'46 kI bhA0 itihAsa pariSadke nimittase dakSiNa jAte samaya kaDalora jAnekA avasara milA / kisI samaya yaha sthAna 'pATaliputra' nAmase khyAta thA yaha sunate hI vicAra AyA ki ukta zilAlekhakA pATaliputra magadhakI rAjadhAnI thI athavA dakSiNa bhAratakA yaha prAcIna sthAna ? vicAranA yaha hai ki svAmI pATaliputra kyoM gaye hoM ge ? kyA usa samaya yaha nagara zikSA tathA saMskRtikA kendra thA ? kyA magadhakI rAjadhAnI honeke kAraNa yaha nagara susamRddha thA ? candragupta maurya tathA usake pradhAna vaMzadharoMke kAlameM pATaliputra rAjanagarIke vaibhava tathA guNoMse samalaMkRta thaa| I0 pU0 dUsarI zatImeM ( 184 I0 pU0 ) maurya sAmrAjyako samApta karake zugavaMzake saMsthApaka puSyamitra tathA usake putra agnimitrake hAthoM Ate hI yuddha meM dhvasta pATaliputra rAjakRpAse bhI vaJcita kara diyA gayA thaa| zuMgoMkI rAjadhAnI vidizA ( bhelasA) calI gayI thI jisake khaNDahara vesanagarameM Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM / zuMgoMkI dUsarI rAjadhAnI ujjainI thI / hastigumphA zilAlekha dvArA suvikhyAta kaliMgarAja ela khAravelane I0pU0 prathama zatImeM magadha 1. zi. saM. 54 ( prAcIna ) 67 ( navIna ) pU. saM. 1060 meM likhita 'malliSeNa prazasti' 2. AptamImAMsA pR. 4 tathA svAmI samantabhadra (paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra ) 3. TI. ela zAhakA 'prAcIna bhArata' bhA. 4 pR. 113-4 / 316.
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________________ varNI abhinandana-grantha para AkramaNa kiyA thA / isa yuddha meM agnimitrako dAsa rAjA' (sAmanta) hI nahIM bananA par3A apitu khAravelane pATaliputra para aisA prahAra kiyA ki vaha dhvasta ho gayI aura atIta vaibhava tathA mahattAko punaH prApta na kara skii| abataka aisA koI pramANa nahIM milA jisake AdhAra para yaha kalpanAkI jA sake ki svAmIke samayameM pATaliputrake gaye dina vApasa Agaye hoM ge / svAmIkA bahu-mAnya samaya zaka saM0 60 yA 138 I0 hai phalataH uparyukta ghaTanA kramake AdhArase to yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ina dinoM magadhakA pATaliputra avanati pathapara hI agrasara rahA hogA / phalataH zikSA saMskRtike vikAsakI vahAM kalpanA karanA duHsAhasa hogA / isake atirikta yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki apanI par3osake tAmilanADu pradezameM hI sthita pramukha zikSA-saMskRti kendra kAJjIvarama (kAJcIpuram ) madurA, Adiko chor3akara ve sudUravartI pATaliputra kyoM jAte ? urayUra, kAJcI, madurA, bhAdalapura, AdimeM jainamaThoM, vasatiyoM tathA palliyoMko bharamAra thii| yaha bhI anumAna hai ki svAmIne kAJjI yA nikaTastha pradeza meM dIkSA lI ho gI / isake bAda unheM bhasmaka roga 'bhasmaka vyAdhi' ho gayA thaa| taba apane jIvanako khatare meM DAlakara itanI lambI tathA vyartha yAtrA kyoM kI hogI? zilAlekhapara vicAra karanese itanA to jhalakatA hai ki janma tathA dIkSA sthAnase nikaTa dakSiNa pATaliputrako svAmIne avijita nahIM chor3A ho gA / kyoMki uparilikhita dakSiNa bhAratIya samunnata nagaroMmeM bhAdalapura ( pATaliputra ) bhI thA / ina zikSA-saMskRti kendroMmeM vaidika, jaina tathA bauddhoMke bIca aneka zAstrArtha bhI hue the| prAcIna yugameM isakA tAmila nAma 'tirupAdarIpuliyUra' athavA tirupyApuliyUra thA, tathA jo madrAsa presIDeMsIke aArkATa jilekA mukhya sthAna vartamAna kaDallora hai| ___ isakI prAcIna vastI 'peTTA' hai jo vartamAna nagarase do mIla dUra hai| yahAMpara sADhe cAra phuTa UMcA jinabimba milA thA jise maMDama grAmake vyaktine viSNumUrti samajha kara apane grAmameM vRkSake nIce virAja kara pUjanA prArambha kara diyA thaa| tailAdi car3hAnese mUrtipara kAle dhabbe par3a gaye haiN| yahAMse eka sar3aka sau phuTa UMce pahAr3ako pAra karatI huI geDIlama nadIke tIrapara sthita 'trikahindrapura ko jAtI hai| yahIM para bhUmigarbhastha mandira, maTha, aAdi prAcIna pATaliputrake bhagnAvazeSa haiM / ye 12 se 15 mIla takake gheremeM phaile haiM / tathA inake astitvakI sUcanA yatra tatra Upara khar3e yA par3e stambha zrAdi dete 1. lUIsa rAisakRta zravaNabelagolake zilA0, karnATaka zabdAnuzAsana, mahAvaziSTa, bha. oM. ri. 3, riporTa (133-4) pR. 320 / 2, svAmI samantabhadra pR0 12 / 3. zravaNabelagola zilAlekha (prA0) 54, ( na0), "kAJcyAnnAnATako'haM.." padya / 4. 'sTaDIja ina sAutha iNDiyana jainijma" pR030 / iNDi0 aiNTI, paTTA li, Adi / 5. Akalojikala sarve opha iNDiyA 7 / 320.
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________________ svAmI santabhadra tathA pATaliputra haiM / pallava rAjakAla meM nirmita viSNumandira inameM pradhAna tathA prAcInatama hai / gaiDilama nadIke pravAha parivartanane bhI bahutase avazeSoMko bhUgarta meM sulA diyA hai| maMDama grAma meM virAjamAna mUrti pahile yahIM par3I thI / tAmila granthoMke ? zrAdhArapara siddha hai ki I0 sanake prArambhase rAjA mahendravarmana ( prathama ) ke zaiva hone taka dakSiNa pATaliputra eka samunnata nagara thA jo ki vartamAna 'tiruvedIpura' ho sakatA hai / svayaM zaiSa hue appara jaina sAdhuke samparka se mahendravarmana zaiva hue the / tathA muni vyAghrapAdane padari (pAli ) vRkSa ke nIce yahAMpara zivapUjA kI thI phalataH isakA nAma pAdarI ( pATali ) putra par3a gayA thA / kaDalorase pandraha mIla dUra panarutI nagarase Der3ha mIlakI dUrIpara 'tiruvadIkarI sthAna hai jo prAcIna pATaliputrakA upanagara thA / yahAM 'guNadhara-iccarama' nAmakA eka mandira hai jo prArambhameM jainamandira rahA hogA / yadyapi isa samaya garbhagRha meM vizAla zivaliMga zAlu kA ( yonipITha ) meM virAjamAna hai tathApi mandirake bAhara nImake * vRkSa ke nIce rakha dI gayI jainamUrti mandirake itihAsakI aura saMketa karatI hai| mUrtike khaNDita mukha, zira tathA zrAsana batalAte haiM ki mandira kisakA thA / yadyapi sAr3he tIna phITa UMcI padmAsana isa mUrti meM cinha tathA prazasti lekha nahIM haiM tathApi kalAkI dRSTi se yaha pallavakAlIna pratIta hotI hai| ukta mandirase kucha phalAMgakI dUrI para 'viratezvara' mandira hai / sthUla unnata dIvAloM tathA gopura yukta isa mandirake madhya meM eka sarovara hai tathA isake bhItarI cakrameM eka jaina padmAsana akhaNDita mUrti rakhI hai / yaha mUrti zrAkAra prakArase ukta mUrtike samAna hai| yaha vahI mandira hai jahAM prane jina dharma chor3akara zivadharma svIkAra kiyA thA / ye janma se jaina the dharmasena nAmase muni hokara apane saMghake zrAcArya hue the / eka dina 'tirunaruna kuNDa' kI yAtrArtha jAte samaya saMghase ruSTa hokara lauTe aura apane parivartana ke sAtha sAtha mahAvIra mandirako bhI viratezvara zaiva mandira banA diyA / ina jaina bhagnAvazeSoM tathA tAmila sAhitya se samRddha dakSiNa pATaliputrakA astitva siddha hotA hai jaisA ki ToNDAmaNDala, ponnArake vivecana tathA vahAM utpanna vIra, vidvAna, Adike varNana se spaSTa hai" / tathA yaha zrAdisamrATa candraguptamaurya kI rAjadhAnIke samAna hI sampanna batAyI gayI hai / dekhanA yaha hai ki kyA tirupAdarIpulIyUrakA pATalIputra ho sakatA hai ? 'pAdarI' vRkSa ke anusAra isakA nAma par3A thA / tathA pulI = = vyAghra aura yura = sthAna zuddha tAmila haiM / phalataH ukta ghaTanAoM se muni vyAghra 1. epI0 30 bhA0 6 pR0 391 / 2. tAmila periya, sthala tathA tevArama purANa | 3. prA0 e0 cakravatIkI tiruvalluvara kuralakI bhUmikA / 4. tAmila 'pATaliyara purANa' ha0 li0 ga0 saM0 1136/5 / 5. pArijAtakAcala mahAtmya, kAJcIpurANa, tirupAdipuliyara kAlAbamba, Adi 41 321
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha pAdakA nAma jor3a denese spaSTa 'tirupAdalipulIyura' banatA hai| tAmila purANoMmeM' pAdali, pATali vana Adike varNana bhI nagarake astitvake hI samarthaka haiM / khaNDaroMmeM mile zilAlekha bhI 'tallaityapa tirupAdali pulIyura'' isake samarthaka haiM / appara tathA mahendravarmanakA dharma parivartana, phalataH jainadharmakA bhISaNa damana tathA jaina saMskRti kendrakA vinAza aAdi siddha karate haiM ki dakSiNa pATaliputra kisI samaya 'jaina jayatu zAsanam' kI jaya ghoSase aplAvita thA / isakI puSTi Asa-pAsake grAmoM meM prApta jainadharmAyatana tathA niSidhakAroM se bhI hotI hai| phalataH yadi ukta zlokakA pATaliputra dakSiNa bhAratakA thA to saMbhavataH toNDAmaNDalastha tiru = zrI pAdalI = pATalI puli = vyAghrapAda yura=sthAna ho sakatA hai / phalataH ukta vivecana manISiyoMke lie sAdhaka hI hogaa| Dorae 1. vI0 jagadIza ayyarakA ArakATa jilA itihAsa, Ara0 sarve 0 I0 pR065| 2. dantokti hai ki dakSiNa ArkATake tiruvannamala tathA tirukkoralUra meM chaH hajAra muniyoMkI nipiMdhakAeM banI thiiN| 322
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha zrI paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra, adhiSThAtA vIrasevAmandira graMthakA sAmAnya paricaya aura mahatva -- tiloyapaNNattI ( trilokaprajJapti ) tIna lokake svarUpAdikA nirUpaka mahatvapUrNa prasiddha prAcIna graMtha hai --prasaMgopAtta jainasiddhAnta, purANa aura bhAratIya itihAsakI bhI kitanI hI sAmagrI isameM hai / isake sAmAnyajagatsvarUpa, narakaloka, bhavanavAsiloka, manuSyaloka, tiryakloka, vyantaraloka, jyotirloka, suraloka, aura siddhaloka nAmake nau mahA adhikAra haiM / avAntara adhikAroMkI saMkhyA 180 ke lagabhaga hai; kyoMki dvitIyAdi mahAdhikAroMke avAntara adhikAra kramazaH 15, 24, 16, 16, 17, 17, 21, 5 aise 131 haiM aura cauthe mahAdhikArake jambUdvIpa, ghAtakI - khaNDadvIpa aura puSkaradvIpa nAmake avAntara adhikAroM meM se pratyekake phira solaha, solaha ( 48 ) antaraadhikAra haiM / isa taraha yaha graMtha apane viSayakA vistAra se prarUpaNa karatA hai| isakA prArambha-siddhi kAmanA ke lie siddhasmaraNamaya nimna gAthAse hotA hai "aThThAvaha kamma - viyalA NiThThiya-kajA paNaThTha-saMsArA / diTTha-sayalaThTha - sArA siddhA siddhi mama disaMtu // 1 // " ntima bhAga isa prakAra hai "paNamaha jiNavaravasahaM gaNaharavasahaM taheva guNa [hara] vasahaM / daTThUNa parisavasahaM [?] jadivasahaM dhamma-sutta pADhaga-vasahaM // 6-78 // curiNasarUvaM zratthaM karaNasarUva pamANa hodi ki [?] jaM taM / aTTa-sahassa- pamANaM tiloyaparANapti NAmAe // 76 // evaM Airiya-paraMparAgae tiloyaparANattIe siddhaloyasvarUvaNirUvaNaparANattI NAma ramo mahAhiyaro sammatto // magabhAvaNa pavayaNa bhattiSpacodideNa mayA / bhaNidaM gaMthappavaraM sohaMtu vahu sudAiriyA // 80 // tiloya paNNattI sammattA // " 323 -
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ina tIna gAthAoMmeM pahalI graMthakA anta-maMgala hai| isameM graMthakAra yativRSabhAcAryane, 'jadivasaha' padake dvArA zleSarUpase apanA nAma bhI sUcita kiyA hai / isake dvitIya aura tRtIya caraNa kucha azuddha jAna par3ate haiM / dUsare caraNameM 'guNa' ke anantara 'hara' aura honA cAhiye / dehalIkI pratimeM bhI truTita aMzake saMketa pUrvaka use hAziyepara diyA hai, jisase vaha una guNadharAcAryakA bhI vAcaka ho jAtA haiM jinake 'kasAyapAhuDa' siddhAntagraMthapara yativRSabhane cUrNisUtroMkI racanA kI hai aura 'zrAryA gIti' ke lakSaNAnurUpa cauthe caraNake samAna dUsaremeM 20 mAtrAe ho jAtI haiM tIsare caraNakA pATha pahale 'daLUNa parisavasaha' prakaTa kiyA gayA thaa| jo dehalIkI pratimeM bhI pAyA jAtA hai, aura usakA saMskRta rUpa 'dRSTvA pariSad vRSabhaM' diyA thA, jisakA artha hotA hai-pariSadoMmeM zreSTa pariSad sabhA ] ko dekhakara / paraMtu parisakA artha koSameM pariSad nahIM milatA kiMtu sparza upalabdha hotA hai, pariSadkA vAcaka parisA zabda strIliMga hai| zAyada yaha dekhakara athavA kisI dUsare ajJAta kAraNavaza hAlameM 'daThUNaya risivasahaM' pATha diyA hai| jisakA artha hotA hai-RSiyoMmeM zreSTha RSiko dekhakara parantu 'jadivasahaM' ko maujUdagImeM risivasahaM yaha koI vizeSatA nahIM rakhatA muni, yati, 'RSi zabda prAyaH samAna arthake vAcaka haiM isalie vaha vyartha par3atA hai| pichale pAThako lekara usake sthAna para 'daTUNa arisa vasahaM' pATha bhI sujhAyA gayA hai aura usakA artha ArSa grathoMmeM zreSThako dekhakara kiyA hai / paraMtu arisakA artha kozameM ArSa upalabdha nahIM hotA; kiMtu arza / bavAsIra ] nAmakA roga vizeSa pAyA jAtA hai, ArSake lie Arisa zabdakA prayoga hotA hai / yadi aArisakA artha ArSa bhI mAna liyA jAya athavA 'pa' ke sthAnapara kalpanA kiye gaye 'a' ke lopa pUrvaka isa caraNako sarvatra anupalabdha 'daThUNArisavasahaM' aisA rUpa dekara saMdhike vizleSaNa dvArA isameM se prArSakA vAcaka zrArisa zabda nikAla liyA jAve to bhI daT ThUNa pada sabase adhika khaTakatA hai isa padakI maujUdagImeM gAthAke arthakI ThIka saMgati nahIM baiThatI-usameM prayukta huaA 'paNamaha' [ praNAma karo] kriyApada kucha vAdhA utpanna karatA hai aura artha susaMgata nahIM ho pAtA / graMthakArane yadi daThUya [ dRSTvA ] padako apane viSayameM prayukta kiyA hai to dUsarA kriyApada bhI apane hI viSayakA honA cAhiye thA arthAt ArSavRSabha yA RSabha, Adi ko dekhakara maiMne yaha kArya kiyA yA maiM praNAmAdi amuka kArya karatA hUM 1. ileSa rUpase nAma-sUcanakI yaha paddhati aneka granthoM meM pAyI jAtI haiM; yathA-gommaTasAra, nItivA kyAmRta aura prabhA-candrAdike grantha / 2 janahitaiSI bhAga 13, aMka 12, pR0 528 para suhRdvaraM paM0 nAthUrAma premIkA lekha / 3 pAiya-saddamahaNNava koza / 4 janasAhitya aura itihAsa pR06 / 1 jainasiddhAMtabhAskara bhAga 11 ki0 1 pR0 80 / 6 pAiya-saddamahaNNava koza / 324
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha aisA kucha batalAnA cAhiye thA, jisakI gAthA parase upalabdhi nahIM hotI aura yadi yaha pada dUsaroM se sambandha rakhatA hai - unhIM kI preraNAke lie prayukta huA hai - to daTThUNa aura 'paNamaha' donoM kriyApadoM ke lie gAthAmeM alaga alaga karmapadoMkI saMgati beThAnI cAhiye, jo ki nahIM baiThatI / gAthAke vasahAnta padoMmeMse ekakA vAcya to dRSTavya aura dUsarekA praNamya vastu ho yaha bAta saMdarbha se saMgata mAlUma nahIM hotI / isalie 'daTThUNa' padakA astitva yahAM bahuta hI Apattike yogya jAna par3atA hai | merI rAya meM yaha tIsarA caraNa 'dahUNa parisavasahaM' ke sthAna para 'duhuparIsaha - visahaM' honA cAhiye / isase gAthAke arthakI saba saMgati ThIka baiTha jAtI hai / yaha gAthA jayaghavalAke dazaveM adhikArameM bataura maMgalAcaraNa apanAyI gayI hai, vahAM isakA tIsarA caraNa 'dusaha - parIsaha - vilahaM' diyA hai | parISahake sAtha dusaha ( du:saha ) aura duTTTu ( duSThu ) donoM zabda eka hI artha vAcaka haiM- donoMkA zrAzaya parISahako bahuta burI tathA asahya batalAnekA hai / lekhakoMkI kRpAse 'dusaha ' kI apekSA 'duT Tu' ke 'daTThUNa' ho jAnekI adhika sambhAvanA hai, isIse yahAM 'duTTTU' pATha sujhAyA gayA hai vaise 'dusaha' pATha bhI ThIka hai / yahAM itanA aura bhI jAna lenA cAhiye ki jayadhavalA meM isa gAthAke dUsare caraNa meM 'guNavasahaM' ke sthAnapara 'guNaharavasahaM' pATha hI diyA hai aura isa taraha gAthAke donoM caraNoMmeM jo galatI aura zuddhi sujhAyI gayI hai usakI puSTi bhale prakAra ho jAtI hai / dUsarI gAthA meM isa tiloyapaNNattIkA parimANa ATha hajAra zloka - jitanA batalAyA hai / sAtha hI, eka mahatvakI bAta aura sUcita kI hai; vaha yaha ki yaha ATha hajArakA parimANa cUrNisvarUpa aura karaNa svarUpakA jitanA parimANa hai usake barAbara hai / isase do bAteM phalita hotI haiMeka to yaha ki guNadharAcArya ke kasAyapAhuDa graMthapara yativRSabhane jo cUrNisUtra race haiM ve isa graMtha se pahale race jA cuke the, dUsarI yaha ki 'karaNasvarUpa' nAmakA bhI koI graMtha yativRSabhake dvArA racA gayA thA jo abhI taka upalabdha nahIM huA, vaha bhI isa graMthase pahale bana cukA thA / bahuta saMbhava hai ki vaha graMtha una karaNasUtroM kA hI samUha ho jo gaNitasUtra kahalAte haiM aura jinakA kitanA hI ullekha trilokaprajJapti, gommaTasAra, trilokasAra aura dhavalA jaise graMthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / cUrNisUtroM athavA vRttisUtroMkI saMkhyA chaha hajAra zloka parimANa hai, ataH karaNasvarUpa granthakI saMkhyA do hajAra zloka - parimANa samajhanI cAhiye; tabhI donoMkI saMkhyA milakara ATha hajArakA parimANa isa granthakA baiThatA hai / tIsarI gAthA meM 'yaha grantha pravacanabhakti se prerita hokara mArgakI prabhAvanAke lie racA gayA isameM kahIM koI bhUla huI ho to bahuzruta zrAcArya usakA saMzodhana kareM' aisA nivedana kiyA gayA hai / granthakAra yativRSabha aura unakA samaya -- grantha meM na racanA-kAla diyA hai aura na dUsarI gAthAse itanA hI dhvanita hotA hai ki ' ve 325 granthakArane apanA koI paricaya hI diyA hai--ukta dharmasUtrake pAThakoM meM zreSTha the|' isalie granthakAra,
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________________ varNI - zrabhinandana grantha granthake samaya, sambandhAdimeM nizcita rUpase kucha kahanA sahaja nahIM hai / cUsUitroMse mAlUma hotA hai ki yativRSabha prauDha sUtrakAra the / prastuta grantha bhI unake jainazAstroMke vistRta adhyayanako vyakta karatA hai / unake sAmane 'lokavinizcaya', 'saMgAiNI ( saMgrahaNI )' aura 'lokavibhAga [ prAkRta ]' jaise kitane hI aise prAcIna grantha bhI maujUda the, jo Aja upalabdha nahIM hai aura jinakA unhoMne apane isa grantha meM ullekha kiyA hai / unakA yaha grantha prAyaH prAcIna granthoMke AdhArapara hI likhA gayA hai, isI se unhoMne granthakI pIThikA ke anta meM, grantha racanekI pratijJA karate hue, usake viSayako 'Airiya zukkamAyAdaM' ( gA0 86 ) batalAyA hai aura mahAdhikAroMke saMdhivAkyoM meM prayukta hue 'Airiya paraMparAgae' padake dvArA bhI isI bAtako puSTa kiyA hai, isa taraha yaha ghoSita kiyA hai ki isa granthakA mUla viSaya unakA svaruci - viracita nahIM hai, kintu zrAcAryaparamparA ke AdhArapara hai| rahI upalabdha karaNasUtroM kI bAta; ve yadi inake usa karaNasvarUpa graMthake hI aMga haiM, jisakI adhika saMbhAvanA hai, taba to kahanA hI kyA hai ? ve saba inake usa viSayake pANDitya, tathA buddhikI prakharatA ke prabala paricAyaka haiM / jayadhavalA ke AdimeM maMgalAcaraNa karate hue zrIvIrasenAcAryane yativRSabhakA jo smaraNa kiyA hai vaha isa prakAra hai-- "jo jarmakhusIsa aMtevAsI vi nAgahatthissa / so vitti sutta kattA jaivasaho me varaM deU // 8 // " isameM kasAyapAhuDakI jayadhavalA TIkAke mUlAdhAra vRtti ( cUrNi ) - sUtroM ke kartA yativRSabhako zrAryamakSukA ziSya aura nAgahastikA antevAsI batalAyA hai| isase yativRSabhake do guruyoMke nAma sAmane Ate haiM, jinake viSaya meM jayadhavalA parase itanA aura jAnA jAtA hai ki zrI guNadharAcAryane kasAyapAhuDa paranAma peja dosapAhuDakA upasaMhAra ( saMkSepa) karake jo sUtragAthAeM racI thIM ve ina donoMko zrAcArya - paramparA se prApta huI thIM aura ye unake sarvAGga artha ke jJAtA the, inase samIcIna arthako sunakara hI yativRSabhane, pravacana-vAtsalya se prerita hokara una sUtra gAthAoM para cUrNisUtroM kI racanA kI " / ye donoM jainaparamparA ke prAcIna zrAcAryoM meM haiM aura inheM digambara tathA zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAyoMne mAnA hai - zvetAmbara sampradAya meM zrAryamakSukA zrArya maMgu nAmase ullekha kiyA hai, maMga aura maMkSu ekArthaka haiM / dhavalA, jayadhavalA meM 1 " puNo teNa guNahara bhaDAraeNa NANapavAda-paMcama putra dasamavatthu tadiya kasA huDa-mahaNNava pAraeNa gaMdhavocchedabharaNa vacchalaparavasi-kaya- hiyaeNa evaM pejjadosapAhuDaM solasapadasaharaza parimANaM hotaM asIdi sadamettagAhAhiM usaMhAridaM / puNo tAo ceyamuttagAthAo Airiya paraMparAe AgacchamAgAo ajjamaMkhu-nAgahatthINaM pattAo / puNo tesiMdohapi pAdamUle asIdisadagAhANaM guNahara muhakamala viNigayANamatthaM sammaM soUna jayiva sahabhaDAraeNa pavayaNavaccha lega cuNNittaM kayaM / " - jayadhavalA 326
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha ina donoM zrAcAryoMko 'kSamAzramaNa' aura mahAvAcaka' bhI likhA hai jo unakI mahattA ke dyotaka haiM / ina donoM AcAryoMke siddhAnta-viSayaka upadezoM meM kahIM kahIM kucha sUkSma matabheda bhI rahA hai, jo vIrasenako unake granthoM athavA guruparamparAse jJAta thA isalie unhoMne ghavalA tathA jayadhavalA TIkAoM meM usakA ullekha kiyA hai / aise jisa upadezako unhoMne sarvAcArya sammata, avyucchinna sampradAyakrama se cirakAlAgata aura ziSya paramparA meM pracalita tathA prajJApita samajhA hai use 'pavAijjaMta' 'pavAijamANa' upadeza batalAyA hai aura jo aisA nahIM use 'apavAijjaMta' athavA 'apavAijamANa' nAma diyA hai / ullikhita matabhedoM meM Arya nAgahastike adhikAMza upadeza 'pavAijjata' aura zrAryamakSuke 'apavAiyajjaMta' batalAye gaye haiM / isa taraha yativRSabha donoMkA ziSyatva prApta karaneke kAraNa una sUkSma matabhedakI bAtoMse bhI avagata the, yaha sahaja hI jAnA jAtA hai / vIrasenane yativRSabhakA mahAprAmANika prAcArya rUpase ullekha kiyA hai| eka prasaMga para rAga-dveSa-mohake prabhAvako unakI vacanapramANatAmeM kAraNa batalAyA hai aura unake cUrNisUtroM ko asatyakA virodhI ThaharAyA hai / ina saba bAtoM se AcArya yatinRSabhakA mahattva svataH khyApita ho jAtA hai / aba dekhanA yaha hai ki yativRSabha kaba hue haiM aura kaba unakI yaha tiloyapaNNattI banI hai, jisake vAkyoMko dhavalAdikameM uddhRta karate hue aneka sthAnoM para zrIvIrasenane use 'tiloyapaNNattamutta' kahA hai / yativRSabha gurutroM meM se yadi kisIkA bhI samaya sunizcita hotA to isa viSayakA kitanA kAma nikala jAtA, parantu unakA bhI samaya sunizcita nahIM hai / zvetAmbara pahAvaliyoM meM se 'kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI' aura 'paTTAvalIsAroddhAra' jaisI kitanI hI prAcIna tathA pradhAna paTTAvaliyoM meM to zramaM aura nAgahastIkA nAma hI nahIM hai, kisI kisI paTTAvalImeM ekakA nAma hai to dUsarekA nahIM aura jinameM donoMkA nAma hai unameM se koI donoM ke madhya meM eka AcAryakA aura koI ekase adhika zracAyakA nAmollekha karatI hai / koI koI paTTAvalI samayakA nirdeza hI nahIM karatI aura jo 1 "kammaTThaditti aNiyogaddArehi bhaNNamANe ve ubadesA hoti / jahaNNamukkassaTThidINaM pamANaparUvaNA kammaTThadi parUvaNaMtti nAgahatthi - khamAsamaNA bhagati / ajjamaMkhu khamAsamaNA purNa kammaTThidi parUvaNetti bhagati / evaM dohi uvadesehi kammaTThadi parUvaNA kAyavvA / " "ettha duvai uvaesA mahAvAcayANamajjamaMkhukhavaNANamuvadeseNa loga pUriMde AugasamANaM NAmA- goda-vedaNIyANaM disaMtakammaM Thavedi / mahAvAcayANaM NAgahatthikhatraNANa mutra se loge pUriMde NAmA- goda-vedaNIyANa Thidi saMtakammaM aMtomuhutta pamANaM hoI / " - SaT khaM0 pra0 1 pR0 57 2 " savvAiriyasammado cirakAlamavocchiNNasaMpadAya - kameNAgacchamArNo jo sissa-paraMparAe pavAijjade so pavAijjatova esotti bhaNNade, athavA ajjamaMkhu-bhayavaMtANamuvaeso etthA'pavtrA ijjamAnoM NAma / NAgahatthi khamANamutra sopavAijjatotti ghettavyo " jayadhana pR0 43 3 kudo de ? edamhAdoceva jaivasahAiriya muhakamala-viNiggaya cuNNisuttAdo / cuNNisuttamaNNahA kiM Na hodi ? Na, rAgosamohAbhAveNa pamANattamuvagaya- jaiva saha vayaNassa asaccattavirohAdo / " jayadhavalA pra0 1, pR0 46 / 327
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha karatI haiM unameM ina donoMke samayoMmeM paraspara antara bhI pAyA jAtA hai--jaise AryamaMgukA samayAraMbha tapAgaccha paTTAvalImeM vIranirvANase 467 varSa para aura 'siridusamAkAla-samaNasaMgha-thayaM' kI avacUrImeM 450 para batalAyA hai| donoMkA eka samaya to kisI bhI zve0 paTAvalIse upalabdha nahIM hotA balki donoMmeM lagabhaga 150 yA 130 varSakA antarAla pAyA jAtA hai / digambara paramparAkA ullekha donoMko spaSTa hI yativRSabhake gurUrUpameM prAyaH samakAlIna batalAtA hai| aisI sthitimeM zve0 paTTAvaliyoMko donoM prAcAryoMke samayAdike viSayameM vizvasanIya nahIM kahA jA sakatA / isalie inake samayakA tiloyapaNNattIke ullekhoM parase hI athavA usake antaHparIkSaNa dvArA anusandhAna karanA ucita hai| . (1) tiloyapaNNattIke aneka padyoMmeM 'saMgAiNI' tathA 'lokavinizcaya' granthake sAtha 'lokavibhAga' nAmake granthakA bhI spaSTa ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / yathA jalasihare vikkhaMbho jalaNihiNo joyaNA dsshssaa| euvaM saMgAiNie loyavibhAe vinnihitttth|| (104) loyaviNicchayagaMthe loyavibhAgammi savasiddhANaM / / zrogAhaNaparimANaM bhaNidaM kiMcUNa carimadehasamo // (a09) yaha 'lokavibhAga' graMtha usa prAkRta lokavibhAga granthase bhinna mAlUma nahIM hotA, jise 'sarvanandI prAcAryane kAMcIke rAjA siMhavarmA ke rAjyake 22 veM varSa meM uttarASADha nakSatrameM zanizcara, vRSarAzimeM bRhaspati, uttarAphAlgunI nakSatrameM candramA tathA zukla pakSa rahate hue-zaka saMvat 380 meM likhakara pANarASTra ke pATalika grAmameM pUrA kiyA thaa|" jisakA ullekha siMhasUra ke usa saMskRta 'lokavibhAga' ke tIsare-cauthe padyoMmeM hai, jise unhoMne sarvanandIke lokavibhAgako sAmane rakhakara hI bhASAke parivartana dvArA racA hogaa| 'lokavibhAga' Adi granthoMke AdhArase tiloyapaNNattI ko ukta donoM gAthAnoM meM jina vizeSa varNanoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai ve saba saMskRta lokavibhAgameM bhI pAye jAte haiM | aura isase yaha bAta 1. paTTAvalI smuccy| 2 "siMhasUra rSiNA 'padase 'siMhasUra' nAmakI upalabdhi, hotI hai-siMhasUrikI nahIM jisake sUripadako AcArya padakA vAcaka samajhakara jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pR05 para nAmake adhUrepanakI kalpanA kI hai aura 'pUrA nAma zAyada siMhanandi ho aisA sujhAyA gayA hai| chaMdakI kaThinAIkA hetu usameM kucha bhI samIcIna mAlUma nahIM hotA; kyoMki siMhanandi aura siMharona jaise nAmoMkA vahAM sahaja ho samAveza kiyA jA sakatA thaa| 3. AcAryAvalikAgataM viracitaM tasiMhasurarSiNA / bhASAyAH parivartanena nipuNaH sammAnitaM sAdhubhiH / / 4 "dazaivaiSa sahasrANi mUle'yopi pRthurmataH" / prakaraNa 2 "antyakAyapramANAttu kiJcitsaMkucitAtmakAH || praka0 11 328
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki saMskRtakA upalabdha lokavibhAga ukta prAkRta lokavibhAgako sAmane rakha kara hI likhA gayA hai| isa sambandha meM eka bAta aura vicAraNIya hai ki saMskRta lokavibhAgake anta meM ukta donoM padyoMke bAda nimna padya diyA hai'paMcadazazatAnyAhuH SaTtriMzadadhikAni vai / zAstrasya saMgahastvedaM chaMdasAnuSTabhena ca // 5 // isameM graMthakI saMkhyA 1536 zloka-parimANa batalAyo hai, jaba ki upalabdha' saMskRta lokavibhAgameM vaha 2030 ke karIba jAna par3atI hai / mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha 1536 kI zloka saMkhyA purAne prAkRta lokavibhAga kI hai aura usake saMkhyA sUcaka padyakA bhI yahAM anuvAda kara diyA hai / saMskRta granthameM jo 500 zloka parimANa adhika hai vaha prAyaH 'uktaM ca' padyoMkA parimANa hai jo isa granthameM dUsare granthoMse uddhRta kiye gaye haiM-100 se adhika gAthAeM to tiloyapaNNattI kI hI haiM, 200 ke karIba zloka bhagavajinasenake zrAdipurANase liye gaye haiM aura zeSa uddhRta padya tiloyasAra (trilokasAra ) aura jambUdvIpa paNNattI (jaMbUdvIpaprajJapti) Adi granthoMke haiM / isa taraha isa granthake bhASAke parivartana aura dUsare granthoMse kucha padyoMke 'uktaM ca' rUpase uddharaNake sivAya siMhasUrakI prAyaH aura kucha bhI kRti mAlUma nahIM hotI / bahuta saMbhava hai ki 'uktaM ca' rUpase jo padyoMkA saMgraha pAyA jAtA hai vaha svayaM siMhasUra munike dvArA na kiyA gayA ho balki bAdake kisI dUsare hI vidvAnane apane tathA dUsaroM ke vizeSa upayogake lie kiyA ho kyoMki RSi siMhasUra jaba prAkRta granthakA kevala saMskRta anuvAda karane baiThe-vyAkhyAna nahIM to yaha . saMbhAvanA bahuta hI kama raha jAtI hai ki ve dUsare prAkRtAdi graMthoMse tulanAdike lie kucha vAkyoMko svayaM uddhRta karake unheM granthakA aMga banAyeM / yadi kisI taraha yaha uddharaNa-kArya unakA hI siddha kiyA jA sake to kahanA hogA ki ve vikramakI 11 vI zatIke antameM athavA usake bAda hue haiM; kyoMki isameM zrAcArya nemicandrake trilokasArakI gAthAeM bhI 'uktaM ca trailokyasAre' sUcaka vAkyake sAtha pAyI jAtI haiM / isalie isa sArI paristhiti parase yaha kahane meM koI saMkoca nahIM hotA ki tiloyapaNNattImeM jisa lokavibhAgakA ullekha hai vaha sarvanandIkA prAkRta lokavibhAga hai jisakA ullekha ho nahIM kintu anuvAdita rUpa saMskRta lokavibhAgameM pAyA jAtA hai| cU ki usa lokavibhAgakA racanAkAla zaka saMvat 380 (vi0 saM0 415 ) hai ataH tiloyapaNNattIke racayitA yativRSabha zaka saM0 380 ke bAda hue haiM, isameM jarA bhI sandeha nahIM hai / aba dekhanA yaha hai ki kitane bAda hue haiM ? tiloyapaNNattImeM aneka kAla gaNanAtroM ke AdhArapara 'catumukha' nAmake kalkira kI mRtyu 1 ArA di0 jena siddhAntabhavanakI prati aura usakI pratilipi vIrasevAmandirako prati / 2. kalki niHsaMdeha eka aitihAsika vyakti huA hai, isa bAtako itihAsajJoMne bhI mAnya kiyA hai. DA0 ke0 bI0 42 329
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vIra-nirvANase eka hajAra varSa bAda batalAyI hai, usakA rAjya kAla 42 varSa diyA hai, usake atyAcAroM tathA mAre jAnekI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai aura mRtyupara usake putra ajitaMjayakA do varSa sthAyI dharmarAjya likhA hai| sAtha hI, bAdako dharmakI kramazaH hAni batalAkara aura kisI rAjAkA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai / isa prakaraNakI kucha gAthAe nimna prakAra haiM, jo ki pAlakAdi rAjyakAla 958 kA ullekha karane ke bAda dI gayI haiM "tatto kakkI jAdo iMdasudo tassa caumuho nnaamo| sattarivarisA bhAU viguNiya igavIsa rajjatto // 66 // AcArAgaMdharAdo paNaharijuttadusayavAsesuM / bolINesuM baddho paTTo kakkI sa NakhaiNo // 10 // aha kovi asura dezro zrohIdo muNigeNANa uvasaggaM / NAdaNaM ta kakkI meredi hu dhammadohi tti // 103 // kakkisudo ajidaMjaya NAmorakkhadi Namadi taccaraNe / taM rakkhadi asuradeo dhamme rajjaM karejaMti // 104 // tatto dovevAso sammaM dhammo paTTidi jaNANaM / kamaso divase divase kAlamahappeNa hAede // 105 // . isa ghaTanAcakra se yaha sApha mAlUma hotA hai ki tiloyapaNNattIkI racanA kalkirAjAkI mRtyuse 10-12 varSase adhika bAdakI nahIM hai| yadi adhika bAdakI hotI to graMtha paddhatiko dekhate hue yaha saMbhava nahIM thA ki usameM kisI dUsare pradhAna rAjya athavA rAjAkA ullekha na kiyA jAtA / vIranirvANa zaka rAjA athavA zaka saMvat se 605 varSa 5 mahIne pahale huA hai, jisakA ullekha tiloyapaNNattImeM bhI pAyA jAtA hai / eka hajAra varSameM se isa saMkhyAko ghaTAne para 394 varSa 7 mahIne avaziSTa rahate pAThaka use mihirakula nAmakA rAjA batalAte haiM aura jaina kAlagaganAke sAtha usakI saMgati baiThAte haiM yaha bahuta atyAcArI thA / isakA varNana cInIyAtrI hue nasAGga ke yAtrA varNanameM vistAra ke sAtha milatA hai tathA rAjataragiNImeM bhI isakI duSTatAkA hAla diyA hai| parantu DA0 kAzIprasAda jAyasavAla ise mihirakula ko parAjita karanevAle mAlabAdhipati viSNu yazodharmAko hI, 'kalki' batalAte haiM, jisakA vijayastambha mandasaurameM sthita haiM aura vaha I0 san 533-34 meM sthApita huA thaa| janahitaiSI bhAga 13 aMka 12 meM jAyasavAlajI kA 'kalki avatArakI aitihAsikatA' aura pAThakajI kA 'gupta rAjAoM kA kAla, mihirakula aura kalki' nAmaka lekha pR0 516 -- 525 / 1 NivANe vIrajiNe chavvassasadesu paMcavarasesu / paNamAsesu gadesu saMjAdo saga-Nio ahavA / / -- tiloyapaNNattI paNa chassayavassaM paNamAsajudaM gamiya vIraNibvujhdo sagarAjo to kakkI caduNatiya mahiya sagamAsaM / / -trilokasAra
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha haiM / yahI ( zaka saMvata 395 ) kalkikI mRtyukA samaya hai / aura isalie tiloyapaNNattIkA racanAkAla zaka saM0 405 (vi0 saM0 540 ) ke karIba kA jAna par3atA haiM jaba ki lokavibhAgako bane hue 25 barSa ke karIba ho cuke the, aura yaha antarAla lokavibhAgakI prasiddhi tathA yativRtrabhataka usakI pahuMca ke lie paryApta hai / yativRSabha aura kundakunda ke samaya-sambandhI prathama matakI AlocanA 1 yataH yativRSabha kundakundAcArya se 200 varSa se bhI adhika samaya bAda hue haiM, ataH maiMne zrI kundakunda aura yativRSabha meM pUrvavartI kauna ?' nAmaka lekha likhakara indranandi- zrutAvatArake kucha galata tathA bhrAnta ullekhoMse prasUta aura vibudha zrIdhara - zrutAvatArake usase bhI adhika galata evaM Apattike yogya ullekhoM dvArA puSTa vidvAnoMkI galata dhAraNAoMkA vicAra kiyA thA / tathA una pradhAna yuktiyoM kA vivecana kiyA thA jinake AdhArapara kundakundako yativRSabha ke bAdakA vidvAn batalAyA gayA hai unameM se eka yuktikA to indranandi- zrutAvatAra hI zrAdhAra hai; dUsarI pravacanasArakI 'esa surAsara' nAmakI zrAdyamaMgala gAthAse sambandhita hai, jo tiloyapaNNattIke antima adhikArameM bhI pAyI jAtI hai aura jise tiloyapaNNattI se hI pravacanasAra meM lI gayI samajha liyA gayA thA aura tIsarI kundakundake niyamAsAra kI gAthA se sanbandha rakhatI hai, jisameM prayukta 'loyavibhAgesu' pada se sarvanandIke 'lokavibhAga' granthako samajhA gayA hai / yataH usakI racanA zaka saM0 380 meM huI hai ataH kundakundAcAryako zaka saM0 380 (vi0 saM0 515 ) ke bAdakA vidvAna ThaharAyA gayA hai| 'esa surAsura' nAmakI gAthAko kundakundakI siddha karaneke lie maiMne jo yuktiyAM dI thI unase dUsarI yukti ke sambandha meM to dhAraNA badala gayI hai / phalataH ukta gAthAkI sthitiko pravacanasAra meM sudRr3ha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki usake abhAva meM pravacanasArakI dUsarI gAthA 'sese puNa titthayare' ko laTakatI huI mAnA gayA hai / aura tiloyapaNNattIke antima adhikArake anta meM pAyI jAne vAlI kunthanAtha se varddhamAnataka stuti-viSayaka ATha gAthAoM ke sambandha meM jinameM ukta gAthA bhI hai, likhA vIranirvANa aura zakasaMvat kI vizeSa jAnakArIke lie, lekhakakI 'bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakA samaya' nAmakI pustaka dekhanI cAhiye / 1 anekAnta varSa 2 (navambara san 1938) kiraNa saM0 1 / 2 ' caudasabhedA bhaNidA tericchA suragaNA caubhedA / edesiM vitthAraM loyavibhAgesu NAdavvaM // 17 // 3 gAthA-cUryuccAraNastrairupasaMhRtaM kaSAyAkhya -- prAbhRtamevaM guNadhara - yativRSa moccAraNAcAryaiH / / 159 / / evaM dividho dravya-bhAvapustakagataH samAgacchan / gurupArapAThyA jJAtaH siddhAntaH koNDakundapure / / 160 / / zrIpadmanandi-muninA, so'piM dvAdazasahasraparimANaH / granya- parikarma-kartA SaTkhaNDa (SSyatrikhaNDasya || 161 / / 331
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha gayA hai ki- "bahuta sambhava hai ki ye saba gAthAeM mUlagraMthakI na hoM, pIchese kisIne jor3a dI hoM aura unameM pravacanasArakI ukta gAthA zrA gayI ho|" prathama yuktike sambandhameM maiMne yaha batalAyA thA ki indranandi zrutAvatArake jisa ullekha parase kundakunda (padmanandI ) ko yativRSabhake bAdakA vidvAna samajhA jAtA hai usakA abhiprAya 'dvividha siddhAnta ke ullekha dvArA yadi samasta TIkAoM sahita kasAyapAhuDa ( kaSAyaprAbhRta ) ko kundakundataka pahuMcAnA hai to vaha jarUra galata hai aura kisI galata sUcanA athavA galataphahamIkA pariNAma hai / kyoM ki kundakunda yativRSabhase bahuta pahale hue haiM jisake kucha pramANa bhI diye the / sAtha ho, yaha bhI batalAyA thA ki yadyapi indranandIne yaha likhA hai ki vaMzakathana karane vAle zAstroM tathA munijanoMkA usa samaya abhAva hone se guNadhara aura dharasena AcAyoMkI guru-paramparAkA pUrvA'para krama unheM mAlUma nahIM hai'; parantu donoM siddhAntagranthoMke avatArakA jo kathana diyA hai vaha bhI una graMthoM tathA unakI TIkAoMko svayaM dekhakara likhA gayA mAlUma nahIM hotA-sunA-sunAyA jAna par3atA hai / yahI vajaha hai jo unhoMne AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastiko guNadharAcAryakA sAkSAt ziSya ghoSita kara diyA aura likha diyA hai ki 'guNadharAcAryane kasAyapAhuDakI sUtragAthAtroM ko racakara svayaM hI unakI vyAkhyA karake AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastiko par3hAyA thA', jaba ki unakI TIkA jayadhavalAmeM spaSTa likhA hai ki 'guNadharAcAryakI ukta sUtra gAthAeM prAcArya paramparAse AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastiko prApta huI thIMguNadharAcArya tathA unameM ukta gAthAoM kA sAkSAt AdAna-pradAna nahIM huaA thaa| jaisA ki "puNo tAno suttagahAro AiriyaparaMparAe agacchamANAzro ajamakhuNAgahatthINaM pattAyo / ' se spaSTa hai isalie indranandi-zrutAvatArake ukta kathanakI satyatA para koI vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / paraMtu merI ina saba bAtoM para koI khAsa dhyAna diyA gayA mAlUma nahIM hotA isIlie AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastiko guNadharAcAryakA sAkSAt ziSya mAnakara hI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| jabaki aisA mAnakara calanemeM yaha khyAla rakhanekI bAta thI ki indranandi ke guNadharAcArya ke pUrvA'para-anvaya, guruoMke viSayameM eka jagaha apanI anabhijJatA vyakta karane tathA dUsarI jagaha unakI kucha ziSya-paramparAkA ullekha karake apara guruoMke viSayameM apanI abhijJatA batAnemeM paraspara virodha hai / " cUMki yativRSabha AryamaMkSu aura naggahastike ziSya the isalie unheM guNadharAcAryakA samakAlIna athavA 20, 25 varSa bAdakA hI vidvAna sUcita kiyA hai aura sAtha hI yaha pratipAdana kiyA hai ki 'kundakunda ( padmanandi ) ko donoM siddhAntoMkA jo jJAna prApta huA usameM yativRSabhakI cUrNikA antarbhAva bhale hI na ho, phira bhI jisa dvitIya siddhAnta kaSAyaprAbhRtako kundakundane prApta kiyA hai usake kartA guNadhara jaba yativRSabhake samakAlIna athavA 20 1. guNavara-dharasenAnvaya gurvoH pUrvA'parakramo'smAbhirna jJAyate tadanvaya kathakAgama muni janAbhAvAt // 150 / / 1. evaM gAthAsUtrANi paMcadazamahAdhikArANi / praviracya vyAkhyo sa nAgahatyAryamaMkSubhyAm / / 154 / / 332
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha 25 varSa pahale hue the taba kundakunda bhI yativRSabhake sama-sAmayika balki kucha pIche ke hI hoMge, kyoMki unheM donoM siddhAntoMkA jJAna guruparipATIse prApta huaA thA / arthAt eka do gurU unase pahale aura mAnane hoM ge / ' antameM kucha zithila zraddhAke sAtha innadrandi zrutAvatArako mUlAdhAra mAnate hue likhA gayA hai.-"garaja yaha ki indranandike zrutAvatArake anusAra padyanandi (kundakuMda) kA samaya yativRSabhase bahuta pahale nahIM jA sakatA / aba yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki indranandine jo itihAsa diyA hai, vahI galata ho aura yA ye padmanandi kuMdakuMdake bAdake dUsare hI prAcArya hoM aura jisa taraha kundakunda koNDakuNDaparake the usI taraha padmanandi bhI koNDakuNDapurake hoN|" ___ bAdameM jaba jayadhavalAkA vaha kathana pUrA mila gayA jisakA eka aMza 'puNo tAtro' se zrAraMbha karake maiMne ukta lekhameM diyA thA aura jisakA adhikAMza Upara uddhRta kiyA gayA hai taba grantha chapa cukanepara usake pariziSTameM usa kathanako dete hue yaha spaSTa sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki "nAgahasti aura AryamaMkSu guNadharake sAkSAt ziSya nahIM the / " isa satyako svIkAra karanepara usa dUsarI yuktikI kyA sthiti rahegI, isa viSayameM koI sUcanA nahIM kI gayI hai yadyapi karanI cAhiye thI / spaSTa hai ki vaha sArahIna ho jAtI hai / aura kundakunda dvividhasiddhAntameM cUrNikA antarbhAva na honeke kAraNa yativRSabhase bahuta pahale ke vidvAna bhI ho sakate haiN| aba rahI tIsarI yukti usake viSayameM maiMne apane ukta lekha meM yaha batalAyA thA ki 'niyamasArakI usa gAthAmeM prayukta hue 'loyavibhAgesu' padakA abhiprAya sarvanandIke ukta lokavibhAga granthase nahIM hai aura na ho sakatA hai; balki bahuvacanAnta pada honese vaha 'lokavibhAga' nAmake kisI eka grantha vizeSa kA bhI vAcaka nahIM haiN| vaha to lokavibhAga-viSayaka kathana vAle aneka granthoM athavA prakaraNoMke saMketako liye hue jAna par3atA hai aura usameM khuda kundakundake 'loya pAhuDa'-'saMThANa pAhuDa' jaise grantha tathA dUsare lokAnuyoga athavA lokAlokake vibhAgako liye hue karaNAnuyoga-sambandhI grantha bhI zAmila kiye jA sakate haiM isalie 'loyavibhAgesu' isa padakA jo artha kaI zatAbdiyoM pIcheke TIkAkAra padmaprabhane 'lokavibhAgAbhidhAna paramAgame' aisA eka vacanAnta kiyA hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai / sAtha hI upalabdha lokavibhAgameM, jo ki ( uktaM ca vAkyoMko chor3akara ) sarvanandIke prAkRta lokavibhAgakA hI anuvAdita saMskRta rUpa hai, tiryaJcoMke una 'caudaha bhedoM ke vistAra kathanakA koI patA bhI nahIM, jisakA ullekha niyamasAra kI ukta gAthA meM kiyA gayA hai / isase merA ukta kathana athavA spaSTIkaraNa aura bhI jyAdA puSTa hotA hai| isake sivAya, do pramANa aise haiM jinakI maujUdagI meM kundakundakA samaya zaka saMvat 380 ( vi0 saM0 515) 1. mere isa vivecanaro, jo 'jainajagata' varSa 8 aGka 9 ke eka pUrvavatI lekhameM prathamataH prakaTa huA thA, DA0 e. ena0 upAdhye ema0 e0 ne pravacanasArako prastAvanA (pR. 22, 23 ) meM apanI pUrNa sahamati vyakta kI hai|
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ke bAdakA kisI taraha bhI nahIM ho sktaa| unameM eka pramANa markarAke tAmrapatrakA thA jo zaka saM0 388 kA utkIrNa hai aura jisameM dezI gaNAntargata kundakundake anvaya (vaMza) meM hone vAle guNacaMdrAdi chaha zrAcAryoMkA guru ziSya kramase ulle va hai| dUsarA pramANa svayaM kundakundake bodhapAhuDakI 'saddaviyArohUtro' nAmakI gAthA hai jisameM kundakunda ne apane ko bhadrabAhukA ziSya sUcita kiyA hai| prathama praNAmako upasthita karate hue maiMne batalAyA thA ki 'yadi moTe rUpase guNacandrAdi chaha AcAryoM kA samaya 150 varSa hI kalpanA kiyA jAya; jo ki usa samayakI zrAyu-kAyAdikako sthitiko dekhate hue adhika nahIM kahA jA sakatA, to kundakundake vaMzameM honevAle guNacandrakA samaya zaka saMvat 238 (vi0 saM0 373 ) ke lagabhaga ThaharatA hai| aura cUMki guNacandrAcArya kundakundake sAkSAt ziSya yA praziSya nahIM the balki kundakundake anvaya (vaMza) meM hue haiM aura anvayake pratiSThita hone ke lie kama se kama 50 varSakA samaya mAna lenA koI bar3I bAta nahIM hai| aisI hAlata meM kundakundakA pichalA samaya ukta tAmrapatra parase 200 ( 150+50 ) varSa pUrvakA to sahaja hI meM ho jAtA hai / isalie kahanA hogA ki kundakundAcArya yativRSabhase 200 varSase bhI adhika pahale hue haiM / dUsare pramANameM gAthAko' upasthita karate hue likhA thA ki isa gAthAmeM batalAyA hai ki 'jinendrane bhagavAna mahAvIrane-artharUpase jo kathana kiyA hai vaha bhASA sUtroMmeM zabda vikArako prApta huA hai-aneka prakArake zabdoMmeM use gUMthA gayA hai,-bhadrabAhuke kucha ziSyoMne una bhASA sUtroM parase usako usI rUpameM jAnA hai aura (jAnakara) kathana kiyA hai|' isase bodhapAhuDake kartA kundakundAcArya bhadrabAhuke ziSya mAlUma hote haiM / aura ye bhadrabAhuzrutakevalIse bhinna dvitIya bhadrabAhu jAna par3ate haiM, jinhe prAcIna granthakAroMne 'zrAcArAGga' nAmaka prathama aMgake dhAriyoMmeM tRtIya vidvAna sUcita kiyA hai aura jinakA samaya jainakAla gaNanAaoMke anusAra vIra-nirvANa-saMvat 612 arthAt vi0 saM0 142 se (bhadrabAhu dvitIyake samApti kAlase) pahale bhale hI ho, parantu pIchekA mAlUma nahIM hotaa| kyoMki zratakevalI bhadrabAhake samayameM jinakathita zratameM aisA koI vikAra upasthita nahIM huaA thA, jise gAthAmeM 'sadda viyAro ho bhAsAsuttesu jaMjiNe kahiyaM' ina zabdoM dvArA sUcita kiyA gayA hai- vaha avicchinna calA aAyA thA / parantu dUsare bhadrabAhuke samayameM vaha sthiti nahIM rahI thI-kitanA hI zrutajJAna lupta ho cukA thA aura jo avaziSTa thA vaha aneka bhASAsUtroM meM parivartita ho gayA thaa| isalie kundakundakA samaya vikramakI dUsarI zatI to ho sakatA hai parantu tIsarI yA tIsarI zatI ke bAdakA vaha kisI taraha bhI nahIM bntaa|' 1 saddaviyAro hUo bhAsAsuttesu jaMjiNe kahiyaM / so taha kahiyaMNAyaM sIsaiNaya bhaddAhussa / / 61 / / 2 jaina kAlagaNanAoMkA vistAra jAnaneke lie dekho lekhaka dvArA likhita 'khAmI samantabhadra' / itihAsa ) kA 'samaya nirNaya' prakaraNa pR0 183 ro tathA 'bha0 mahAvIra aura unakA samaya' nAmaka pustaka /
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha parantu yaha vivecana kisI baddha mUla dhAraNake kAraNa grAhya nahIM huA isIlie markarAke tAmrapatrako kundakundake sva-nirdhArita samaya ( zaka saM0 380 ke bAda ) ke mAnane meM "sabase bar3I bAdhA" svIkAra karate hue aura yaha batalAte hue bhI ki "taba kundakundakA yativRSabhake bAda mAnanA asaMgata ho jAtA hai" likhA gayA hai "para isakA samAdhAna eka taraha ho sakatA hai aura vaha yaha ki kauNDakundAnvayakA artha hameM kundakundakI vaMzaparamparA na karake kauNDakundapura nAmaka sthAnase nikalI huI paramparA karanA cAhiye / jaise zrIpura sthAnakI paramparA zrIpurAnvaya, aruGgalakI aruGgalAnvaya, kittUrakI kittUrAnvaya, mathurAkI mAthurAnvaya, aadi|" parantu isa saMbhAvita samAdhAnakI kalpanAke samarthana meM eka bhI pramANa upasthita nahIM kiyA gayA hai, jisase 'kundakundapurAnvaya' kA koI svataMtra astitva jAnA jAtA arthAt eka bhI aisA udAharaNa nahIM diyA hai jisase yaha mAlUma hotA ki zrIpurAnvayakI taraha kundakundapurAnvaya kA bhI kahIM ullekha aAyA hai athavA yaha mAlUma hotA ki jahAM padmanandi aparanAma kundakundakA ullekha aAyA hai vahAM usake pUrva kundakundAnvayakA bhI ullekha aAyA hai aura usI kundakundAnvayameM una padmanandi kundakundako batalAyA hai, jisase tAmrapatrake "kundakundAnyava' kA artha 'kundakunda purAnvaya' kara liyA jAtA / 'vinA samarthanake kevala kalpanA se kAma nahIM cala sktaa| vAstavameM kundakundapurake nAmase kisI anvayake pratiSThita athavA pracalita honekA jaina sAhityameM kahIM koI ullekha nahIM pAyA jAtA / pratyuta isake kundakundAcArya ke anvaya ke pratiSThita aura pracalita honeke saikar3oM udAharaNa zilAlekhoM tathA grantha prazastiyoM meM upalabdha hote haiM aura vaha dezAdike bhedase 'iGgalezvara' 1 Adi aneka zAkhAoM (-baliyoM) meM vibhakta rahA hai / aura jahAM kahIM kundakundake pUrvakI guruparamparAkA kucha ullekha dekhane meM AtA hai vahAM unheM gautamagaNadharakI santati meM athavA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke ziSya candraguptake anvaya (vaMza ) meM batalAyA hai / jinakA kauNDakundapurake sAtha koI sambandha bhI nahIM haiM / zrIkundakunda mUlasaMghake ( nandisaMgha bhI jisakA nAmAntara hai ) agraNI gaNI the aura dezIgaNakA unake anvayase sambandha rahA hai, aisA zravaNabelagolake 55 (69) saMkhyAke ziAlAlekhake nimna vAkyose jAnA jAtA haizrImato varddhamAnasya varddhamAnasya zAsane / zrI koNDakundanAmA'bhUnmUlasaGghAgraNI gaNI // 3 // tasyA'nvaye'jani khyAte......dezike gnne| guNI devendrasaiddhAntadevo devendrvnditH||4|| isalie markarAke tAmra patrameM dezIgaNake sAtha jo kundakundAnvayakA ullekha hai vaha kundakundAcArya ke anvayakA hI ullekha hai kundakundapurAnvayakA nahIM / isase ukta kalpanAmeM kucha bhI sAra mAlUma 1. siri mUlasagha desiyagaNa putthayagaccha-koMDakudANaM / paramaNNa-igalesara-balimmi jAdassa muNiyahANassa / / -bhAva tribhaMgI 118, paramAgamasAra 226 / 2. zravaNabelagola zilAlekha naM0 40, 42, 43, 47, 50, 108,
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha nahIM hotaa| isake sivAya, bodhapAhuDa kI gAthA sambandhI dUsare pramANakA koI virodha nahIM kiyA jAnA hI sUcita karatA hai ki usakA virodha zakya nahIM hai| donoM hI avasthAoM meM koNDakundapurAnvayakI ukta kalpanA se koI pariNAma nahIM nikalatara tathA prabalatara bAdhAkI upasthiti honeke kAraNa kundakundake samaya sambandhI ukta dhAraNA TikatI hI nahIM hai / niyamasArakI ukta gAthAmeM prayukta hue loyavibhAgeSu padako lekara jo uparyukta do pattiyAM kI thIM unakA bhI koI samucita samAdhAna aba taka nahIM milA hai| mUla lekhameM to prAyaH itanA hI kahakara chor3a diyA hai ki "bahuvacanakA prayoga isalie bhI iSTa ho sakatA hai ki loka-vibhAga ke aneka vibhAgoM yA adhyAyoMmeM uktabheda dekhane cAhie / " parantu granthakAra kundakundAcAryakA yadi aisA abhiprAya hotA to ve 'loyavibhAga vibhAgesu" aisA pada rakhate, tabhI ukta zrAzaya ghaTita ho sakatA thA, parantu aisA nahIM hai, isalie prastuta padake 'vibhAgesu' padakA Azaya yadi granthake vibhAgoM yA adhyAyakA liyA jAtA hai to granthakA nAma 'loka' raha jAtA hai - 'lokavibhAga' nahIM - - isase to sArI yukti hI palaTa jAtI hai, jo 'lokavibhAga' graMthake ullekhako mAna kara dI gayI hai / yadyapi isapara usa samaya dhyAna nahIM diyA gayA tathApi bAda meM isakI niHsAratAkA bhAna avazya huA hai jaisA ki pariziSTake nimna bhAgase siddha hai-- 'loyavibhAgesu NAdavvaM' pATha para jo yaha Apatti kI gayI hai ki vaha bahuvacanAnta pada hai, isalie kisI lokavibhAga nAmaka eka graMthake lie prayukta nahIM ho sakatA, so isakA eka samAdhAna yaha ho sakatA hai ki pAThako 'loyavibhAgesu NAda' isa prakAra par3hanA cAhiye / 'su' ko 'NAdavvaM' ke sAtha milA dene se eka vacanAnta 'loyavibhAge' hI raha jAyagA aura agalI kriyA 'suNAdavvaM ' ( sujJAtavyaM ho jAyagI / padmaprabhane bhI zAyada isIlie usakA artha 'lokavibhAgAbhidhAna paramAgame kiyA hai | isa para itanA hI nivedana hai ki prathama to mUlakA pATha jaba 'loyavibhAgesu yAdavvaM' rUpameM spaSTa mila rahA hai, TIkA meM saMskRta chAyA 'loka vibhAgesu jJAtavyaH 1 se puSTa ho rahA hai tathA TIkAkAra padyaprabhane kriyA padake sAtha 'su' kA samyak Adi koI artha vyakta bhI nahIM kiyA mAtra vizaleSaNa rahita 'dRSTavyaH' padake dvArA usakA artha vyakta kiyA hai, taba mUla pAThakI apane kisI prayojanake lie anyathA kalpanA karanA ThIka nahIM hai / dUsare, yaha samAdhAna tabhI kucha kAragara ho sakatA hai jaba pahale markarAke tAmrapatra aura bodhapAhuDa-gAthAsanbandhI una donoM pramANoMkA nirasana kara diyA jAya jinakA upara ullekha huA hai; 1 mUla meM 'edesiM vitthAra' padoMke anantara 'loyavibhAgesu gAdanya' pardokA prayoga haiN| zabda napuMsakaliMga meM bhI prayukta hotA hai, isIse 'vistAra' padake sAtha 'NAdavva' kriyA 336 cU Mki prAkRta meM ' vitthAra' kA prayoga huA hai / parantu .
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha kyoMki unakA nirasana athavA prativAda na ho sakane kI hAlata meM jaba kundakundakA samaya una pramANoM dvArA vikramakI dUsarI zatI athavA usase pahalekA nizcita hotA hai taba 'loyavibhAge' padakI kalpanA karake usameM zaka saM0 380 arthAt vikramakI chaThI zatImeM bane hue lokavibhAga granthake ullekhakI kalpanA karanA kucha bhI artha nahIM rkhtaa| isake sivAya maiMne jo yaha Apatti kI thI ki niyamasArakI ukta gAthA ke anusAra prastuta lokavibhAga meM tiryaMcoMke caudaha bhedoMkA vistAra ke sAtha koI varNana upalabdha nahIM hai, usakA bhale prakAra prativAda honA cAhiye arthAt lokavibhAgameM usa kathana ke astitvako spaSTa karake batalAnA cAhiye, jisase 'loyavibhAge' padakA vAcya prastuta lokavibhAga grantha samajhA jA sake / parantu isa bAta kA koI ThIka samAdhAna na karake use TAlA gayA hai| isIse pariziSTa meM yaha likhA hai ki "lokavibhAga meM caturgata-jIva bhedoMkA yA tiyeMcoM aura devoMke caudaha aura cAra bhedoMkA vistAra nahIM hai, yaha kahanA bhI vicAraNIya hai / usake chaThe adhyAyakA nAmahI tiryak lokavibhAga' hai aura caturvidha devoMkA varNana bhI hai / " parantu "yaha kahanA" zabdoM ke dvArA jisa vAkyako merA vAkya batalAyA gayA use maiMne kaba aura kahAM kahA hai ? merI Apatti to tiryaJcoMke caudaha bhedoMke vistAra kathana taka hI sImita hai, aura vaha granthako dekhakara hI kI gayI hai, phira utane aMzoM meM hI mere kathanako na rakhakara atirikta kathana ke sAtha use 'vicAraNIya' prakaTa karanA, Adi TAlanA nahIM to kyA hai ? jAna par3atA hai ki lekhakako ukta samAdhAnakI gaharAyI kA jJAna thA - isalie unhoMne pariziSTa meM hI, eka kadama Age, samAdhAnakA eka dUsarA rUpa akhtiyAra kiyA hai| jaisA ki "aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki sarvanandikA prAkRta lokavibhAga bar3A ho gA / siMhasUrine usakA saMkSepa kiyA hai| 'vyAkhyAsyAmi samAsena' padase ve isa bAtako spaSTa karate haiM / isake sivAya zrAge 'zAstrasya saMgrahastvidaM' se bhI yahI dhvanita hotA hai - saMgrahakA bhI eka artha saMkSepa hotA hai / jaise 'gommaTa saMgaha sutta' Adi / isalie yadi saMskRta lokavibhAga meM tiryaMcoMke caudaha bhedoMkA vistAra nahIM, to isase yaha bhI to kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha mUla prAkRta grantha meM rahA hogA, saMskRta meM saMkSepa karaneke kAraNa nahIM likhA gayA / " isa zraMzase spaSTa hai / yaha samAdhAna saMskRta lokavibhAga meM tiryaMcoMke caudaha bhedoMkA vistAra kathana na honekI hAlata meM, apane bacAva kI aura niyama sArakI ukta gAthAmeM sarvanandike lokavibhAga-viSayaka ullekhakI dhAraNAko banAye rakhane kI yukti mAtra hai / parantu " upalabdha lokavibhAga' jo ki saMskRta meM hai bahuta prAcIna nahIM hai / prAcInatA se usakA itanA hI sambandha hai ki vaha eka bahuta purAne zaka saMvat 380 ke bane graMtha se hue anuvAda kiyA gayA hai" aMza dvArA saMskRta lokavibhAgako sarvanandIke prAkRta lokavibhAgakA anuvAdita - saMskRta meM 'vistAra' zabda puliMga mAnA gayA hai ataH TIkA meM saMskRtachAyA 'aiteSAM vistAraH lokavibhAgeSu jJAtavyaH' dI gayI hai, isali 'jJAtavyaH' kriyApada ThIka hai| Upara jo 'sujJAtavya' rUpa diyA hai usake kAraNa use galata na samajha lenA cAhiye / 43 337
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha rUpa svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai taba kisa AdhAra para ukta prAkRta lokavibhAgako 'bar3A' socA jA sakatA hai ? kisa AdhAra para yaha kalpanA kI jAya ki 'vyAkhyAsyAmi samAsena' isa vAkya dvArA siMhasUri svayaM apane grantha nirmANa kI pratijJA karate haiM aura vaha sarvanandIkI grantha nirmANa pratijJAkA anuvAdita rUpa nahIM hai ? isI taraha 'zAstrasya saMgrahastvidaM' yaha vAkya bhI sarvanandIke vAkyakA anuvAditarUpa nahIM hai / jaba siMhasUri svataMtrarUpase kisI graMthakA nirmANa athavA saMgraha nahIM kara rahe haiM aura na kisI granthakI vyAkhyA hI kara rahe haiM balki eka prAcIna granthakA bhASA ke parivartana dvArA (bhASAyAH parivartanena ) anuvAda mAtra kara rahe haiM taba unake dvArA 'vyAkhyAsyAmi samAsena' jaisA pratijJAvAkya nahIM bana sakatA aura na zloka saMkhyAko sAtha meM detA huA 'zAstrasya saMgrahastvidaM' vAkya hI bana sakatA hai| isase ye donoM vAkya mUlakAra sarvanandike hI vAkyoMke anuvAdita rUpa jAna par3ate haiN| siMhasUrikA isa granthakI racanAse kevala itanA hI sambandha hai ki be bhASA parivartana dvArA isake racayitA haiM - viSayake saMkalanAdi dvArA nahIM -- jaisA ki unhoMne antake cAra padyoM meM se prathama padya meM sUcita kiyA hai aura aisA hI unakI grantha prakRti se jAnA jAtA hai| mAlUma hotA hai ina saba bAtoM para dhyAna nahIM dekara hI kisI dhAraNake pIche yuktiyoMko tor3a-maror3a kara samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| Upara ke vivecana se spaSTa hai ki kundakundako yativRSabhake bAdakA athavA sama-sAmayika mAnanemeM koI bala nahIM hai / 'AryamakSu aura nAgahastikA guNadharAcAryakA sAkSAt ziSya honA' svayaM sthira nahIM hai jisako mUlAdhAra mAnakara aura niyamasArakI ukta gAthAmeM sarvanandIke lokavibhAgakI zrAzA lagAkara hI dUsare pramANoMkA tAnA-bAnA kiyA gayA thA; jo ki nahIM ho skaa| pratyuta Upara jo pramANa diye gaye hai unase yaha bhale prakAra phalita hotA hai ki kuMdakuMda kA samaya vikramakI dUsarI zatI taka to ho sakatA hai - usake bAdakA nahIM, isalie chaThI zatI meM honevAle yativRSabha unase kaI zatI bAda hue haiN| nayI vicAra dhArA zrA0 yativRSabhake samaya ke viSaya meM 'vartamAna tiloyapaNNatti aura usake racanAkAla zrAdikA vicAra" nAmaka lekha dvArA nayI mAnyatA prastuta kI gayI hai, isake anusAra vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI vikramakI 9 vIM zatI athavA zaka saM0 738 ( vi0 saM0 873 ) se pahalekI banI huI nahIM hai aura usake kartA bhI yativRSabha nahIM haiM / isa vicArake samarthana meM pAMca pramANa prastuta kiye haiM jo lekhakake hI zabdoM meM nimna prakAra haiM- ( 1 ) vartamAna meM lokako uttara aura dakSiNa meM jo sarvatra sAta sthApanA dhavalAdike kartA vIrasena svAmIne kI haiM-- vIrasena svAmIse pahale 1 - jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 11, kiraNa 1 meM paM0 phUlacandra zAtrIkA lekha | 338 rAju mAnate haiM usakI vaisI mAnyatA nahIM thI /
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha vIrasena svAmIke samaya taka jaina zrAcArya upamAlokase pAMca dravyoM ke AdhArabhUtalokako bhinna mAnate the / jaisA ki rAjavArtikake do ullekhoM se prakaTa hai| inameMse prathama ullekha parase loka AThoM dizAoM meM samAna parimANako liye hue honese gola huA aura usakA parimANa bhI upamAlokake pramANAnusAra 343 ghanarAju nahIM baiThatA, jaba ki vIrasenakA iSTa loka caukora hai, vaha pUrva pazcimadizAmeM hI ukta kramase ghaTatA hai, dakSiNa-uttaradizA ---ina donoM dizAyoMmeM vaha sarvatra sAtarAja banA rahatA hai| isalie usakA parimANa upamAlokake anusAra hI 343 ghanarAju baiThatA hai aura vaha pramANameM peza kI huI do gAthAoM para use ukta AkArake sAtha bhale prakAra phalita hotA hai / rAjavArtikake dUsare ullekhase upamAlokakA parimANa 343 ghanarAju to phalita hotA hai, kyoMki jagazreNIkA pramANa 7 rAju hai aura 7 kA ghana 343 hotA hai| yaha upamAloka hai parantu isase pAMca dravyoMke aAdhArabhUta lokakA zrAkAra AThoM dizAoM meM ukta ukta kramase ghaTatA-bar3hatA huzrA 'gola' phalita nahIM hotaa| "vIrasena svAmIke sAmane rAjavArtika AdimeM batalAye gaye zrAkArake viruddha lokake zrAkArako siddha karaneke lie kevala uparyukta do gathAeM hI thIM / inhIke AdhArase ve lokake zrAkArako bhinna prakArase siddha kara sake tathA yaha bhI kahanemeM samartha ho sake ki 'jina granthoMmeM lokakA pramANa adholokake mUla meM sAta rAju, madhyalokake pAsa eka rAju, brahmasvargake pAsa pAMca rAju aura lokAgrameM eka rAju batalAyA hai vaha vahAM pUrva aura pazcima dizAkI apekSAse batalAyA hai / uttara aura dakSiNa dizAkI aora se nhiiN| ina donoM dizAoMkI apekSA to lokakA pramANa sarvatra sAta rAju hai / yadyapi isakA vidhAna karaNAnuyogake graMthoM meM nahIM hai to bhI vahAM niSedha bhI nahIM hai ataH lokako uttara aura dakSiNameM sarvatra sAta rAju mAnanA caahiye|' vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI kI 91, 136 tayA 146 gAthAeM vIrasena svAmIke usa matakA anusaraNa karatI haiM jise unhoMne 'muhatala samAsa' ityAdi do gAthAoM aura yuktise sthira kiyA hai| ina gAthAoMmeM pAMca dravyoMse vyApta lokAkAzako jagazreNIke ghana pramANa batalAyA hai| sAtha 1 "adhaHloka mUle ...... SaTa sptbhaagaaH|" (a0 1 sU0 10 TIkA) 'tato'saMkhyAn . . . . . ghanalokaH / " (a0 3, sU0 38 TIkA ) 2 "muhatalasamAsa ..... khette / " tathA "mUlaM majjheNa ...... khettammi " (dhavalA kSetrAnuyogadvAra pR0 20) 3. 'Naca tazyAe. gAhAesaha viroho, etthavi dosuM disAsu cauvihavikkhaMbhadasaNAdo |'-dhvlaa kSetrA nuyogadvAra pR. 21 / 4. 'Naca sattarajjubAhallaM karaNANiogasutta-viruddhaM, tattha vidhippaDisedhAbhAvAdo |'-dhvlaa kSetrAnu yogadvAra pR. 22 /
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________________ varNI- zrabhinandana grantha hI, loka-pramANa dakSiNa uttara dizAmeM sarvatra jagazreNI jitanA arthAt sAta rAju aura pUrva-pazcima dizA meM adholokake pAsa sAta rAju, madhya lokake pAsa eka rAju, brahmaloka ke pAsa pAMca rAju aura lokAgrameM eka rAju hai, aisA sUcita kiyA hai| isake sivAya, tiloyapaNNattIkA pahalA mahAdhikAra sAmAnya loka, adholoka va Urdhva lokake vividha prakArase nikAle gaye ghanaphaloM se bharA par3A hai jisase vIrasena tvAmI kI mAnyatA kI hI puSTi hotI hai / ' tiloyapaNNattIkA yaha aMza yadi vIrasenasvAmI ke sAmane maujUda hotA to "ve isakA pramANa rUpase ullekha nahIM karate yaha kabhI saMbhava nahIM thA / " cUMki vIrasenane tiloyapaNNattI kI ukta gAthAeM athavA dUsarA aMza dhavalA meM apane vicAra ke avasara para pramANa rUpase upasthita nahIM kiyA zrataH unake sAmane jo 'tiloyapaNNattI thI aura jisake aneka pramANa unhoMne dhavalA meM uddhRta kiye haiM vaha vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI nahIM thI - isase bhinna dUsarI hI tiloyapaNNattI honI cAhiye, yaha nizcita hotA hai / (2) "tilopaNyatti meM pahale adhikArakI sAtavIM gAthA se lekara satAsIvIM gAthA taka 81 gAthAoM meM maMgala zrAdi chaha adhikAroM kA varNana hai yaha pUrAkA pUrA varNana saMtaparUvaNAkI dhavalATIkA meM zrAye hue varNana se milatA huA hai / ye chaha adhikAra tiloyapaNNatti meM anyatra se saMgraha kiye ye haiM isa bAtakA ullekha svayaM tiloyapaNNattikArane pahale adhikArakI 85 vIM gAthAmeM kiyA hai tathA dhabalAmeM ina chaha adhikAroMkA varNana karate samaya jitanI gAthAeM yA zloka uddhRta kiye gae haiM ve saba anyatra se liye gaye haiM tiloyapaNNattIse nahIM; isase mAlUma hotA hai ki tiloyapaNNattikAra ke sAmane dhavalA zravazya rahI hai / " ( donoM graMthoMke kucha samAna uddharaNoM ke anaMtara ) ' isI prakArake pacAsoM uddharaNa diye jA sakate haiM jinase yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai ki eka graMtha likhate samaya dUsarA grantha avazya sAmane rahA hai / yahAM eka vizeSatA aura hai ki dhavalA meM jo gAthA yA zloka anyatra se uddhRta haiM tiloyapaNNatti meM ve bhI mUla meM zAmila kara liye gaye haiM / isase to yahI jJAta hotA hai ki tiloyapaNNattI likhate samaya lekhakake sAmane ghavalA avazya rahI hai / ( 3 ) 'jJAnaM pramANamAtmAdeH' ityAdi zloka ina ( bhaTTAkalaMkadeva ) kI maulika kRti hai jo lavIyastrayake chaThe adhyAya meM zrAyA hai / tiloyapaNNattikArane ise bhI nahIM chodd'aa| laghoyastraya meM jahAM yaha zloka zrAyA hai vahAMse isake alaga kara denepara prakaraNa hI adhUrA raha jAtA hai| para tiloyapaNNatti meM isake parivartita rUpakI sthiti aise sthala para hai ki yadi vahAM se use alaga bhI kara diyA jAya to bhI ekarUpatA banI rahatI hai / vIrasenasvAmIne ghavalAmeM ukta zlokako uddhRta kiyA hai| tiloyapayattiko dekhane se aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki tiloyapaNyattikArane ise laghIyastrayase na lekara dhavalAse hI 1. tiloya paNNattike pahale adhikArakI gAthAeM 215 se 251 taka / 1. maMgala pahudichakka vakkhANiya vividha gandhajuttIhiM / 340
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha liyA hai kyoMki dhavalAmeM isake sAtha jo eka dUsarA zloka uddhata hai use bhI usI kramase tiloyapaNNattikArane apanA liyA hai| isase bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai ki tiloyapaNNattikI racanA dhavalAke bAda huI hai| (4) "dhavalA dravyapramANAnuyogadvArake pRSTha 36 meM tiloyapaNNattikA 'duguNa duguNo duvaggo NiraMtaro tiriyalogotti' / gAthAMza uddhRta kiyA hai| vartamAna tiloyapaNNattimeM isakI paryApta khoja kI, kiMtu usameM vaha nahIM milA / hAM, "caMdAicca gahehiM...ityAdi' gAthA sparzAnuyogadvArameM uddhRta hai ! kintu vahAM yaha nahIM batalAyA ki yaha kahAM kI hai| mAlUma par3atA hai ki ukta gathAMza isIkA parivartita rUpa hai| vartamAna tiloyapaNNattimeM isakA na pAyA jAnA yaha siddha karatA hai ki yaha tiloyapaNNatti usase bhinna hai|" (5) tiloyapaNNattimeM yatra tatra gadyabhAga bhI pAyA jAtA hai| isakA bahuta kucha aMza dhavalAmeM Aye hue isa viSayake gadya bhAgase milatA huA hai| ataH yaha zaMkA honA svAbhAvika hai ki isa gadyabhAgakA pUrvavartI lekhaka kauna rahA hogA / isa zaMkAke dUra karaneke lie 'esA tappAaoggasaMkhejjarUvAhiya jaMbUdovachedaNayasahida dIvasAyararUpametta rajjucchedapamANa parikkhAvihI Na aNNAiriaovaesa paraMparANusAriNo kevalaM tu tiloyapaNNatti suttANusAri jodisiyadeva bhAgahAra paduppAhada-suttAvalaMbijuttibaleNa payadagacchasAhaNaTTamamhehi parUvidA / ' gadyAMzase bar3I sahAyatA milatI hai| yaha gadyAMza dhavalA sparzAnuyogadvAra pR0 157 kA hai| tiloyapaNNattImeM yaha isI prakAra pAyA jAtA hai| antara kevala itanA hai ki vahAM 'amhehi' ke sthAnameM 'aisAparUvaNA' pATha hai| para vicAra karanese yaha pATha azuddha pratota hAtA hai; kyoMki aisA pada gadyake prArambhameM hI pAyA hai ataH punaH usI padake deneko AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| tathA 'parikkhAvihI' yaha pada vizeSya hai; ataH 'parUvaNA' pada bhI niSphala ho jAtA hai / ( gadyAMzakA bhAva deneke anantara ) "isa gadyabhAgase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ukta gadyabhAgameM eka rAjuke jitane ardhacheda batalAye haiM ve tiloyapaNNattimeM nahIM batalAye gaye haiM kintu tiloyapaNNattimeM jo jyotiSIdevoMke bhAgahArakA kathana karane vAlA sUtra hai usake balase siddha kiye gaye haiM / aba yadi yaha gadyabhAga tiloyapaNNattikA hotA to usomeM 'tiloyapaNNattisuttAnusAri' pada denekI aura usIke kiso eka sUtrake balapara rAjukI cAlU mAnyatAse saMkhyAta adhika ardhacheda siddha karanekI kyA AvazyakatA thii| isase yaha spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha gadyabhAga dhavalAse tiloyapaNNattimeM liyA gayA hai / nahIM to vIrasenasvAmI jora dekara 'hamane yaha parIkSAvidhi kahI hai' yaha na kahate / koI bhA manuSya apanI yuktiko hI apanI kahatA hai / ukta gadyabhAgameM AyA huA 'amhehi' pada sApha batalA rahA hai ki yaha yukti vIrasenasvAmIkI hai| isa prakAra isa gadyabhAgase bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki vartamAna tiloyapaNNatti kI racanA dhavalAke anantara huI hai| ina pAMcoM pramANoMko dekara kahA gayA hai-"dhavalAkI samApti cUMki zaka saMvat 738 meM 341
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________________ dho-abhinandana-granthaM huI thI isalie vartamAna tiloyapaNNatti usase pahalekI banI huI nahIM hai aura cUMki trilokasAra isI siloyapaNNattike aAdhArapara banA huA hai aura usake racayitA si0 cakravartI nemicandra zaka saMvat 900 ke lagabhaga hue haiM, isalie grantha zaka saM0 900 ke bAdakA banA huzrA nahIM hai phalataH isa tiloyapaNNatikI racanA zaka saM0 738 se lekara 900 ke madhyameM huI hai / ataH isake kartA yativRSabha kisI bhI hAlatameM nahIM ho sakate / isake racayitA saMbhavataH vIrasenake ziSya jinasena haiM-ve hI hone cAhiye, kyoMki eka to vIrasena svAmIke sAhityakAryase ye acchI taraha paricita the| tathA unake zeSa kAryako inhoMne pUrA bhI kiyA hai / saMbhava hai una zeSa kAryoMmeM usa samayakI AvazyakatAnusAra tiloyapaNNattikA saMkalana bhI eka kArya ho / dUsare vIrasena svAmIne prAcIna sAhitya ke saMkalana, saMzodhana aura sampAdanakI jo dizA nizcita kI thI vartamAna tiloyapaNNattikA saMkalana bhI usIke anusAra huA hai / tathA sampAdanakI isa dizAse paricita jinasena hI the / isake sivAya, 'jayadhavalAke jisa bhAgake lekhaka AcArya jinasena haiM usakI eka gAthA ('paNamaha jiNavaravasaha' nAmakI) kucha parivartanake sAtha tiloyapaNNattike antameM pAyI jAtI hai| isase tathA ukta gadyameM 'amhehi padake na honeke kAraNa vIrasenasvAmI vartamAna tiloyapaNNatike kartA mAlUma nahIM hote / unake sAmane jo tiloyapaNNatti thI vaha saMbhavataH yativRSabha zrAcAryakI rahI hogii|' 'vartamAna tiloyapaNNattike antameM pAyI jAne vAlI ukta gAthA ('paNamaha jiNavaravasahaM') meM jo maulika parivartana dikhAyI detA hai vaha kucha artha avazya rakhatA hai / aura usa parase, sujhAye hue 'arisavasahaM' pAThake anusAra, yaha anumAnita hotA; evaM sUcanA milatI hai ki vartamAna tiloyapaNNattike pahale eka dUsarI tiloyapaNNatti ArSa granthake rUpameM thI, jisake kartA yativRSabha sthavira the aura use dekhakara isa tiloyapaNNattikI racanA kI gayI hai|' ukta pramANoMkI parIkSA (1) prathama pramANakI bhUmikAse itanA hI phalita hotA hai ki 'vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI vIrasena svAmIse bAdakI banI huI hai aura usa tiloyapaNNattIse bhinna hai jo vIrasenasvAmI ke sAmane maujUda thI; kyoMki isameM lokake uttara dakSiNameM sarvatra sAtarAjukI usa mAnyatAko apanAyA gayA hai aura usIkA anusaraNa karate hue ghanaphaloMko nikAlA gayA hai jisake saMsthApaka vIrasena haiM / vIrasena isa mAnyatAke saMsthApaka isalie haiM ki unase pahale isa mAnyatAkA koI astitva nahIM thA, unake samaya taka sabhI jainAcArya 343 dhanarAjuvAle upamAloka (pramANaloka ) se pAMca dravyoMke aAdhArabhUta lokako bhinna mAnate the / yadi vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI vIrasenake sAmane maujUda hotI ayavA jo tiloyapaNNattI vIrasenake sAmane maujUda thI usameM ukta mAnyatAkA koI ullekha athavA saMsUcana hotA to yaha 342
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha zrasambhava thA ki vIrasenasvAmI usakA pramANarUpameM ullekha na krte| ullekha na karanese hI donoMkA abhAva jAnA jAtA hai / ' aba dekhanA yaha hai ki kyA vIrasena sacamuca hI ukta mAnyatAke saMsthApaka haiM aura unhoMne kahIM apaneko usakA saMsthApaka yA AviSkAraka kahA hai ? dhavalA TIkAke ullikhita sthalako dekha jAnese vaisA kucha bhI pratIta nahIM hotaa| vahAM vIrasenane kSetrAnugama anuyogadvArake 'zrogheNa micchA diTThI kevar3ikhette, savvaloge' isa dvitIya sUtrameM sthita 'loge' padakI vyAkhyA karate hue batalAyA hai ki yahAMke 'loga' se sAta rAjukA ghanarUpa ( 343 ghanarAju pramANa ) loka grahaNa karanA cAhiye; kyoMki yahAM kSetra pramANAdhikArameM palya, sAgara, sUcyaMgula, pratarAMgula, ghanAMgula, jagazreNI, lokapratara aura loka aise ATha pramANa kramase mAne gaye haiM / isase yahAM pramANalokakA hI grahaNa haijo ki sAtarAju pramANa jagazreNIke ghanarUpa hotA hai| isapara kisIne zaMkA kI ki yadi aisA loka grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai to phira * pAMca dravyoMke aAdhArabhUta zrAkAzakA grahaNa nahIM banatA; kyoMki usameM sAtarAjuke ghanarUpa kSetrakA abhAva hai / yadi usakA kSetra bhI sAtarAjuke ghanarUpa mAnA jAtA hai to 'heTrA majjha uvari' 'logo akaTTimo khala' aura 'loyassa vikkhaMbho cauppayAro' ye tIna sUtra gAthAeM apramANatAko prApta hotI haiM / isa zaMkAkA parihAra ( samAdhAna ) karate hue vIrasenasvAmIne punaH batalAyA hai ki yahAM 'loge' padameM paMcadravyoMke zrAdhArarUpa zrAkAzakA hI grahaNa hai. anyakA nhiiN| kyoMki 'logapUraNagado kevalI kevaDikhete, savva loge' [ lokapUraNa samudghAtako prApta kevalI kitane kSetrameM rahatA hai ? sarvalokameM rahatA hai ] aisA sUtravacana pAyA jAtA hai| yadi loka sAtarAjuke ghanapramANa nahIM hai to yaha kahanA cAhiye ki lokapUraNa-samudghAtako prApta huA kevalI lokake saMkhyAtaveM bhAgameM rahatA hai / aura zaMkAkAra jinakA anuyAyI hai una dUsare prAcAryoM ke dvArA prarUpita mRdaMgAkAra lokako pramANako dRSTise lokapUraNa-samudaghAta-gata kevalIkA lokake saMkhyAtaveM bhAgameM rahanA prasiddha bhI nahIM hai; kyoMki gaNanA karane para mRdaMgAkAra lokakA pramANa ghanalokake saMkhyAtaveM bhAga hA upalabdha hotA hai| isake anantara gaNita dvArA ghanalokake saMkhyAtaveM bhAgako siddha ghoSita karake, vIrasena svAmIne itanA aura batalAyA hai ki 'isa paMcadravyoMke aAdhArarUpa aAkAzase atirikta dUsarA sAta . rAju ghanapramANa loka-saMjJaka koI kSetra nahIM hai, jisase pramANa loka [ upamAloka ] chaha dravyoMke samudayarUpalokase bhinna hove / aura na lokAkAza tathA alokAkAza donoMmeM sthita sAtarAju ghanamAtra zrAkAzapradezoMkI pramANarUpase svIkRta ghanaloka saMjJA hai| aisI saMjJA svIkAra karane para loka saMjJAke yAdRcchikapanekA prasaMga AtA hai aura taba saMpUrNa AkAza, jagazreNI, jagapratara aura ghanaloka jaisI saMjJAoMke yAdRcchikapanekA prasaMga upasthita hogaa| [ isase sArI vvavasthA hI bigar3a jAya gii|] isake sivAya, pramANaloka aura SadravyoMke samudAyarUpalokako bhinna mAnane para prataragata kevalIke kSetrakA 343
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha nirUpaNa karate hue jo kahA gayA hai ki 'vaha kevalI lokake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgase nyUna sarvalokameM rahatA hai| aura lokake asaMkhyAtaveM bhAgase nyUna sarvalokakA pramANa Urdhvalokake kucha kama tIsare bhAgase adhika do Urdhvaloka pramANa hai / vaha nahIM banatA / aura isaliye donoM lokoMkI ekatA siddha hotI hai| ataH pramANaloka [ upamAloka ] zrAkAza-pradezoMkI gaNanAkI apekSA chahadravyoMke samudAyarUpa lokake samAna hai, aisA svIkAra karanA cAhiye / ikake bAda yaha zaMkA hone para ki, 'kisa prakAra piNDa [ghana ] rUpa kiyA loka saHtarAjuke ghana pramANa hotA hai ?, vIrasenasvAmIne uttarameM batalAyA hai ki 'loka sampUrNa zrAkAzake madhyabhAgameM sthita haiM / caudaha rAju aAyAma vAlA hai , donoM dizAoMke arthAt pUrva aura pazcima dizAke mUla; ardhabhAga, tricaturbhAga aura caramabhAgameM kramase sAta, eka, pAMca aura eka rAju vistAra vAlA hai tathA sarvatra sAtarAju moTA hai, vRddhi aura hAnike dvArA usake donoM prAntabhAga sthita haiM, caudaha rAju lambI eka rAjuke varga pramANa mukhavAlI lokanAlI usake garbha meM hai, aisA yaha piNDarUpa kiyA gayA loka sAtarAjuke ghanapramANa arthAt 7xx7 = 343 rAju hotA hai / yadi lokako aisA nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to pratara-samudghAta gata kevalIke kSetrake sAdhanArtha jo 'muhatala-samAsa-zraddhaM' aura 'mUlaM majjheNa guNaM' nAmakI do gAthAeM kahI gayI haiM ve nirarthaka ho jAyaM gI; kyoMki unameM kahA gayA ghanaphala lokako anyaprakArase mAnane para saMbhava nahIM hai| sAtha hI yaha, bhI batalAyA hai ki isa [ uparyukta AkAravAle ] lokakA zaMkAkArake dvArA prastuta kI gayI prathama gAthA [ 'hehA majjhe uvariM vettAsana jhallarI muiMga Nibho' ] ke sAtha virodha nahIM hai| kyoMki eka dizAmeM loka vetrAsana aura mRdaMgake zrAkAra dikhAyI detA hai, aura aisA nahIM ki usameM jhallarIkA zrAkAra na ho; kyoMki madhyalokameM svayaMbhUramaNa samudrase parikSipta tathA cAroM orase asaMkhyAta yojana vistAravAlA aura eka lAkha yojana moTAI vAlA yaha madhyavartI deza candramaNDalakI taraha jhallarIke samAna dikhAyI detA hai| aura dRSTAnta sarvathA dArTAntake samAna hotA nahIM, anyathA donoMke hI abhAvakA prasaMga pA jaaygaa| aisA bhI nahIM ki [dvitIya sUtragAthAmeM batalAyA huzrA ] tAlavRkSake samAna zrAkAra isameM asambhava hai, kyoMki eka dizAse dekhane para tAlavakSake samAna AkAra dikhAyI detA hai! aura tIsarI gAthA [ loyasma vikkhaMbho cauppayAro] ke sAtha bhI virodha nahIM hai| kyoMki yahAM para bhI pUrva aura pazcima ina donoM dizAtroMmeM gAthokta cAroM hI prakArake viSkambha dikhAyI dete haiN| sAtarAjukI moTAI 'karaNAnuyoga sUtrake viruddha nahIM hai; kyoMki usa sUtrameM usakI yadi vidhi nahIM hai to pratiSedha bhI nahIM hai-vidhi aura pratiSedha donoMkA abhAva hai| aura isalie lokako upayukta prakArakA hI grahaNa karanA cAhiye / ' 1 'padaragadA kevalI keDi khette, loMge asaMkhejjadi bhAgUNe uThalogena duve |uhRlogaa uddaloMgassatibhAgeNa desUNega saadregaa| 344
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha yaha saba dhavala kA vaha kathana hai jo prathama pramANakA mUla AdhAra hai aura jisame rAjavArtikakA koI ullekha bhI nahIM hai| isameM kahIM bhI na to yaha nirdiSTa hai aura na isase phalita hI hotA hai ki vIrasenasvAmI lokake uttara-dakSiNa meM sarvatra sAtarAju moTAI vAlI mAnyatA ke saMsthApaka haiMunase pahale dUsarA koI bhI zrAcArya isa mAnyatAko mAnanevAlA nahIM thA athavA nahIM huA hai / pratyuta isake, yaha sApha jAnA jAtA hai ki vIrasenane kucha logoMkI galatIkA samAdhAna mAtra kiyA hai-- svayaM koI nayI sthApanA nahIM kii| isI taraha yaha bhI phalita nahIM hotA ki vIrasena ke sAmane ' mahatalasamAsazraddhaM' aura 'mUlaM majjheNa guNaM' nAmakI do gAthAoM ke sivAya dUsarA koI bhI pramANa ukta mAnyatAko spaSTa karaneke lie nahIM thA kyoMki prakaraNako dekhate hue 'aNNAiriyaparUvida mudiMgAyAra logassa' padameM prayukta hue 'aNNAiriya' [ anyAcArya ] zabda se una dUsare zracAyakA hI grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai jinake matakA zaMkAkAra anuyAyI thA athavA jinake upadezako pAkara zaMkAkAra ukta zaMkA karaneke lie prastuta huA thA, na ki una zrAcAryoM kA jinake anuyAyI svayaM vIrasena the aura jinake anusAra kathana karanekI apanI pravRttikA vIrasenane jagaha jagaha ullekha kiyA hai| isa kSetrAnugama anuyogadvArake maMgalAcaraNa meM bhI ve 'khettasutaM jahovaesaM payAsemo' isa vAkyake dvArA yathopadeza [ pUrvAcAryoMke upadezAnusAra ] kSetrasUtrako prakAzita karanekI pratijJA kara rahe haiM / dUsare jina do gAthAoMko vIrasenane upasthita kiyA hai unase jaba ukta mAnyatA phalita evaM spaSTa hotI hai taba vIrasenako ukta mAnyatAkA saMsthApaka kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? -- spaSTa hI vaha ukta gAthAnoMse bhI pahale kI lagatI hai / aura isase tiloyapaNNattoka vIrasenase bAdakI banI huI kahane meM jo pradhAna kAraNa thA vaha sthira nahIM rhtaa| tIsare, vIrasenaje 'muhatala samAsazraddhaM' Adi ukta donoM gAthAeM zaMkAkAra ko lakSya karake hI prastuta kI haiM aura ve saMbhavataH usI grantha athavA zaMkAkArake dvArA mAnya granthakI hI jAna par3atI haiM jisase tIna sUtragAthAeM zaMkAkArane upasthita kI thIM, isIse vIrasenane unhe lokakA dUsarA AkAra mAnane para nirarthaka batalAyA hai / aura isa taraha zaMkAkArake dvArA mAnya granthake vAkyoMse hI use niruttara kara diyA hai / antameM jaba usane karaNAnuyogasUtra ke virodhakI bAta uThAyI hai arthAt aisA saMketa kiyA hai ki usa graMtha meM sAtarAju moTAIkI koI spaSTa vidhi nahIM hai to vIrasenane sApha uttara de diyA hai ki vahAM usakI vidhi nahIM to niSedha bhI nahIM hai-- vidhi aura niSedha donoMke abhAva se virodha ke lie koI avakAza nahIM rahatA / isa vivakSita karaNAnuyoga sUtrakA artha karaNAnuyoga viSaya ke samasta grantha tathA prakaraNa samajha lenA yuktiyukta nahIM hai / vaha 'lokAnuyoga' kI taraha jisakA ullekha sarvArthasiddhi aura lokavibhAga meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai? eka judAhI graMtha honA cAhiye | aisI 1 " itaro vizeSo lokAnuyogataH veditavyaH " ( 3-2 ) sarvArtha0 "vindumAtra midaM zeSa grAhyaM lokAnuyogataH" ( 7 -- 98 ) lokavibhAga / 44 345
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha sthitimeM vIrasenake sAmane lokake svarUpake sambandhameM mAnya granthoMke aneka pramANa maujUda hote hue bhI unheM peza [ upasthita ] karanekI jarUrata nahIM thI aura na kisIke lie yaha lAjimI hai ki jitane pramANa usake pAsa hoM vaha una sabako upasthita hI kare-vaha jinheM prasaMgAnusAra upayukta aura jarUrI samajhatA hai unhIMko upasthita karatA hai aura eka hI zrAzayake yadi aneka pramANa hoM to unameM se cAhe jisako athavA adhika prAcInako upasthita kara denA kAphI hotA hai| udAharaNa ke lie 'muhatala samAsa addhaM' nAmakI gAthAse milatI julatI aura usI zrAzayakI eka gAthA tiloyapaNNattImeM 'muhabhUmi samAsaddhiya guNidaM tuMgena tahayavedheNa / ghaNa gaNidaM NAdavvaM vettAsaNa-sariNae khette // 165 // rUpameM pAyI jAtI hai / isa gAthAko upasthita na karake yadi vIrasenane 'muhatala samAsa addhaM' nAmakI usa gAthAko upasthita kiyA jo zaMkAkArake mAnya sUtra granthakI thI to unhoMne vaha prasaMgAnusAra ucita hI kiyaa| usa parase yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki vIrasenake sAmane tiloyapaNNattIkI yaha gAthA nahIM thI, hotI to ve ise jarUra peza krte| kyoMki zaMkAkAra mUlasUtroM ke vyAkhyAnAdi rUpameM svataMtra rUpase prastuta kiye gaye tiloyapaNNattI jaise graMthoMko mAnanevAlA mAlUma nahIM hotA-mAnanevAlA hotA to vaisI zaMkA hI na karatA-vaha to kucha prAcIna mUlasUtroMkA hI pakSapAtI jAna par3atA hai aura unhIM parase saba kucha phalita karanA cAhatA hai / use vIrasenane mUlasUtroMkI kucha dRSTi batalAyI hai aura usake dvArA peza kI huI sUtragAthAoMkI apane kathanake sAtha saMgati baiThAyI hai| isalie apane dvArA savizeSa rUpase mAnya granthoMke pramANoMko peza karanekA vahAM prasaMga hI nahIM thaa| unake AdhAra para to ve apanA sArA vivecana athavA vyAkhyAna likha hI rahe the / svataMtra do pramANa inase yaha spaSTa jAnA jAtA hai ki vIrasenakI dhavalA kRtise pUrva athavA zaka saM0 738se pahale chaha dravyoMkA AdhArabhUta loka,jo adhaH, Urdhva tathA madhyabhAgameM kramazaH vetrAzana,mRdaMga tathA jhallarIke sadRza zrAkRti ko liye hue hai athavA DeDha mRdaMga jaise zrAkAra vAlA hai use caukora (caturasraka) mAnA hai, usake mUla, madhya, brahmAnta aura lokAntameM jo kramazaH sAta, eka, pAMca tathA eka rAjukA vistAra batalAyA gayA hai vaha pUrva aura pazcima dizAko apekSAse sarvatra sAta rAjukA pramANa mAnA gayA hai aura sAta rAjuke ghana pramANa hai (ka) kAlaH paJcAstikAyAzca saprapaJcA ihaa'khilaaH| lokyaMte yena tenA'yaM loka ityabhilapyate // 4-5 // vetrAsana-mRdaMgoru jhllrii-sdRshaa''kRtiH| adhazcordhva ca tiryakca yathAyogamiti tridhA // 4-6 // 346
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha murjArdhamadhobhAge tasyordhvaM murajo ythaa| AkArAstasya lokasya kintveSa caturasrakaH // 7 // ye harivaMza purANake vAkya haiM jo zaka saM0 705 ( vi0 saM0 840 ) meM banakara samApta huzrA hai / inameM ukta zrAkRtivAle chaha dravyoMke AdhArabhUta lokako caukora (caturasraka ) batalAyA hai-gola nahIM, jise lambA caukora samajhanA cAhiye / (kha) sattekku paMcaikkA mUle majjhe taheva baMbhaMte / loyaMte rajjUzro puvAvarado ya vitthAro // 118 // dakkhiNa-uttarado puNa satta virajjU havedi savvattha / uDDho caudasarajjU sattavi rajjU ghaNo lozro // 116 // ye svAmi kArtikeyAnuprekSAkI gAthAeM haiM, jo eka bahuta prAcIna grantha hai aura vIrasenase kaI zatI pahale banA hai / inameM lokake pUrva-pazcima aura uttara-dakSiNake rAjutroMkA ukta pramANa bahuta hI saSTa zabdoMmeM diyA huA hai aura lokako caudaha rAju UMcA tathA sAta rAjUke ghanarUpa (343 rAju ) bhI batalAyA hai| ina pramANoMke sivAya jambUdvIpaprajJAptikI pazcima-putva disAe vikkhabho hoya tassa logassa / sattega paca-eyA mUlAdo hoti rajjUNi // 4-16 / / dakSiNa-uttarado puNa vikkhaMbho hoya sttrjjuunni| cadusu vidisAsu bhAge caudasa rajjUNi uttuMgo // 4-17 // ina do gAthAzroMmeM lokakI pUrva-pazcima aura uttara dakSiNa caur3AI-moTAI tathA UMcAIkA parimANa svAmi kArtikeyAnuprekSAkI gAthAtroMke anurUpa hI diyA hai / jambUdvIpaprajJapti eka prAcIna grantha hai aura una padmanandI prAcAryakI kRti hai jo balanandIke ziSya tathA vIranandIke praziSya the aura Agamodezaka mahAsatva zrIvijaya bhI jinake guru the / zrIvijaya guruse suparizuddha zrAgamako suna kara tathA jina vacana vinirgata amatabhUta artha padako dhAraNa karake unhIMke mAhAtmya athavA prasAdase unhoMne yaha grantha u zrInandI munike nimitta racA hai jo mAghanandI munike ziSya athavA praziSya (sakalacandra' ziSyake ziSya ) the, aisA granthakI prazastise jAnA jAtA hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki ye zrIvijaya ve hI hoM jinakA dUsarA nAma 'aparAjita-sU ri' thA jinhoMne zrInandIkI preraNAko pAkara bhagavatI-aArAdhanA para 'vijayodayA' nAmako TIkA likhI hai aura jo baladeva-sUrike ziSya tathA candranandIke praziSya the / aura yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki unake praguru candranandI ve hI hoM jinakI eka ziSya paramparAkA ullekha zrIpuruSake dAnapatra athavA 1. sakalacandra ziSyake nAmollekhavAlI gAthA AmerakI vi0 saM0 1518 kI prAcIna pratimeM nahIM hai bAdakI kucha pratiyoM meM hai, isIse zrInandIke viSayameM mAghanandIke prazidhya honekI bhI kalpanAkI gayI hai| 347
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________________ SI-abhinandana-grantha 'nAgamaMgala' tAmrapatrameM pAyA jAtA hai, jo zrIpurake jinAlayake lie zaka sa0 698 (vi0 saM0 833 ) meM likhA gayA hai aura jisameM candranandIke eka ziSya kumAranandI, kumAranandIke ziSya kIrtinandI aura kIrtinandIke ziSya vimalacandrakA ullekha hai| isase candranandIkA samaya zaka saMvat 638 se kucha pahalekA ho jAna par3atA hai / yadi yaha kalpanA ThIka hai to zrIvijayakA samaya zaka saMvat 658 ke lagabhaga prAraMbha hotA hai aura taba jambUdvIpaprajJaptikA samaya zaka saM0 670 arthAt vi0 saM0 805 ke zrAsa pAsakA honA cAhiye / aisI sthitimeM jambUdvIpaprajJaptikI racanA bhI dhavalAse pahalekI-68 varSa pUrvakI-ThaharatI hai| aisI hAlatameM yaha likhanA ki 'vorasena svAmIke sAmane rAjavArtika AdimeM batalAye gaye aAkArake viruddha lokake zrAkArako siddha karaneke lie kevala uparyukta do gAthAeM hI thIM / inhIM ke AdhAra para ve lokake zrAkArako bhinna prakArase siddha kara sake tathA yaha bhI kahanemeM samartha hue... ityAdi' saMgata nahIM mAlUma hotaa| aura na isa zrAdhArapara tiloyapaNNattIko vIrasenase bAdakI banI huI athavA unake matakA anusaraNa karanevAlI batalAnA hI siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai / vIrasenake sAmane to usa viSayake na mAlUma kitane graMtha the jinake AdhAra para unhoMne apane vyAkhyAnAdiko usI taraha sRSTi kI hai jisa taraha ki akalaMka aura vidyAnandAdine apane rAjavArtika zlokavArtikAdi granthoM meM aneka viSayoMkA varNana aura vivecana bahutase graMthoMke nAmollekhake vinA bhI kiyA hai / (2) dvitIya pramANako upasthita karate hue yaha to batalAyA gayA hai ki 'tiloyapaNNattIke prathama adhikArakI sAtavI gAthAse lekara satAsIvIM gAthA taka ikyAsI gAthAoMmeM maMgala Adi chaha adhikAroMkA jo varNana hai vaha pUrA kA pUrA varNana saMtaparUvaNAko dhavalATIkAmeM Aye hue varNanase milatA julatA hai|' sAtha ho isa sAdRzya parase yaha bhI phalita karake batalAyA ki 'eka grantha likhate samaya dUsarA grantha avazya sAmane rahA hai|' parantu 'dhavalAkArake sAmane tiloyapaNNattI nahIM rahI, dhavalAmeM una chaha adhikAroMkA varNana karate hue jo gAthAeM yA zloka uddhRta kiye gaye haiM ve saba anyatrase liye gaye haiM tiloyapaNNattIse nahIM, itanA hI nahIM balki dhavalAmeM jo gAthAeM yA zloka anyatrase uddhRta hai unheM bhI tiloyapaNNattoke mUlameM zAmila kara liyA gayA hai' isa dAveko siddha karaneke lie koI bhI pramANa upasthita nahIM kiyA gayA / kevala sUcanA abhISTakI siddhi meM sahAyaka nahIM hotI ataH vaha nirarthaka ThaharatA hai / vAkyoMkI zAbdika yA Arthika samAnatA parase to yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki dhavalAkArake sAmane tiloyapaNNattI rahI hai, balki aisA kahanA, tiloyapaNNattIke vyavasthita maulika kathana aura dhavalAkArake kathanakI vyAkhyAna zelIko dekhate hue, adhika upayukta jAna par3atA hai| rahI yaha bAta ki tiloyapaNNattIko pacAsIvI gAthAmeM vividha graMtha-yuktiyoMke dvArA maMgalAdika 348
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha chaha adhikAroMke vyAkhyAnakA ullekha hai, ' to usase yaha kahAM phalita hotA hai ki una vividha granthoM meM dhavalA bhI zAmila hai athavA dhavalA parase hI ina adhikAroMkA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai ? - khAsa kara aisI hAlata meM jaba ki dhavalAkAra svayaM 'maMgala- Nimitta heU' nAmakI eka bhinna gAthA ko kahIM se uddhRta karake yaha batalA rahe haiM ki 'isa gAthA meM maMgalAdika chaha bAtoMkA vyAkhyAna karaneke pazcAt zrAcArya ke lie zAstrakA ( mUlagraMthakA ) vyAkhyAna karanekI jo bAta kahI gayI hai vaha zrAcArya paramparA se calA zrAyA nyAya hai, use hRdayameM dhAraNa karake aura pUrvAcAryoMke zrAcAra ( vyavahAra ) kA anusaraNa karanA ratnatrayakA hetu hai aisA samajha kara. puSpadantAcArya magalAdika chaha adhikAroMkA sakAraNa prarUpaNa karaneke lie maMgala sUtra kahate haiM2 / ' isase spaSTa hai ki maMgalAdika chaha adhikAroMke kathanakI paripATI bahuta prAcIna hai-- unake vidhAnAdikA zreya dhavalAko prApta nahIM hai / isalie tiloyapaNNattIkArane yadi isa viSaya meM purAtana cAya kI kRtiyoMkA anusaraNa kiyA hai to vaha nyAyya hI hai, parantu utane mAtra se use dhavalAkA anusaraNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA | dhavalAkA anusaraNa kahaneke lie pahale yaha siddha karanA hogA ki dhavalA tiloyapaNNattIse pUrvakI kRti hai, jo ki siddha nahIM hai / pratyuta isake yaha svayaM dhavalAke ullekhoMse hI siddha hai ki dhavalAkAra ke sAmane tiloyapaNNattI thI, jisake viSayameM dUsarI tiloyapaNNattI honekI kalpanA to kI jAtI hai parantu yaha nahIM kahA jAtA aura kahA jA sakatA hai ki usameM maMgalAdika chaha adhikAroMkA vaha saba varNana nahIM thA jo vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI meM pAyA jAtA hai; taba dhavalAkAra ke dvArA tiloyapaNNattIke anusaraNakI bAta hI adhika saMbhava aura yuktiyukta jAna par3atI hai / phalataH dUsarA pramANa bhI sAdhaka nahIM hai / ( 3 ) tIsarA pramANa athavA yuktivAda prastuta karate hue kahA gayA ki use par3hate samaya aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki tiloyapaNNattI meM dhavalA se una do saMskRta zlokoMko kucha parivartana ke sAtha apanA liyA gayA hai jinheM dhavalA meM kahIM se uddhRta kiyA gayA thA aura jinameM se eka zloka kalaMka deva ke laghIyastrayA 'jJAnaM pramANamAtmAdeH' nAmakA hai|' parantu donoM granthoMko jaba kholakara dekhate haiM to mAlUma hotA hai ki tiloya paNNattIkArane dhavaloddhRta una donoM saMskRta zlokoMko apane granthakA aMga nahIM banAyA--vahAM prakaraNa ke sAtha koI saMskRta zloka haiM ho nahIM, do gAthAeM haiM, jo maulika rUpameM sthita haiM aura prakaraNa ke sAtha saMgata haiN| isI taraha laghIyastraya vAlA padya dhavalAmeM usI rUpameM uddhRta nahIM jisa rUpa meM ki vaha laghIyastrayameM pAyA jAtA hai-- usakA prathama caraNa 'jJAnaM pramANamAtmAdeH' ke sthAnapara 'jJAnaM pramANamityAhu:' ke rUpameM upalabdha hai / aura dUsare caraNa meM 'iSyate' kI jagaha 'ucyate' kriyApada hai / 1 'maMgala pahudi chakkaM bakkhANiya vividha gantha juttIhiM' 2 "idi NAyamAiriya-paraMparAgayaM maNegAvahAriya putrAiriyAyArANusaraNa ti rayaNa - he utti pupphadatAiriyoM maMgalAdINa chaNNaM sakAraNANa parUvaNaTha suttamAha / " 349
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha aisI hAlata meM 'jJAnaM pramANamAtmAdeH' ityAdi zloka bhaTTAkalaMkadevakI maulika kRti hai, tiloyapaNNattikArane ise bhI nahIM chor3A kucha saMgata mAlUma nahIM hotA / astu; donoM granthoMke donoM prakRta padyoMko uddhRta karake unake viSayako hRdayaGgama kara lenA ucita hai / jo Na pamANa-Nayehi NikkheveNaM Nirakkhade zratthaM / tassA'juttaM juttaM juttamajuttaM ca (va) paDihAdi // 82 // NA hodi pamANaM Na vi NAdussa hRdayabhAvattho / Nikkhevavi uvA juttIe pratthapaDigahaNaM // 83 // -tiloyapaNNattI pramANanaya nikSepairyo'rtho nA'bhisamIkSyate / yuktaM cA'yuktavadbhAti tasyA'yuktaM ca yuktavat // (10 ) jJAnaM pramANamityAhu rupAyo nyAsa ucyate / yo jJAturabhiprAyo yuktito'rthaparigrahaH // [11] - dhavalA 1,1, pR0 16, 17 / tiloyapaNNattIkI pahalI gAthAmeM yaha batalAyA hai ki 'jo pramANa, naya aura nikSepake dvArA zrarthakA nirIkSaNa nahIM karatA hai usako prayukta ( padArtha ) yuktakI taraha aura yukta ( padArtha ) zrayuktakI taraha pratibhAsita hotA / ' aura dUsarI gAthA meM pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA uddezAnusAra kramazaH lakSaNa diyA hai aura anta meM batalAyA hai ki yaha saba yuktise arthakA parigrahaNa hai / ataH ye donoM gAthAeM paraspara saMgata haiM / aura inheM graMthase alaga kara dene para agalI 'iya NAyaM zravahAriya zrAiriya paramparAgayaM maNasA' ( isa prakAra AcArya paramparAse cale Aye hue nyAyako hRdayameM dhAraNa karake ) nAmakI gAthA' asaMgata tathA khaTakanevAlI ho jAtI hai| isalie ye tInoM hI gAthAeM tiloyapaNNattIkI aMgabhUta haiM / dhavalA ( saMtaparUvaNA ) meM ukta donoM zlokoMko dete hue unheM 'uktaJca' nahIM likhA aura na kisI khAsa grantha ke vAkya hI kahA hai| ve 'ettha kimaTha' gayaparUvaNamidi 11 - yahAM nayakA prarUpaNa kisalie kiyA gayA hai ? praznake, uttara meM diye gaye haiM isalie ve dhavalAkAra dvArA nirmita athavA uddhRta bhI ho sakate haiN| udhRta honekI hAlata meM yaha prazna paidA hotA hai ki ve eka sthAna se uddhRta kiye gaye hai yA do se / yadi ekase uddhRta kiye gaye haiM to ve laghIyastrayase uddhRta nahIM kiye gaye yaha sunizcita hai; kyoMki I laghIyastra meM pahalA zloka nahIM hai / aura yadi ye do sthAnoMse uddhRta kiye tI huI mAlUma nahIM hotI; kyoMki dUsarA zloka apane pUrva meM aise zlokakI gaye haiM to yaha bAta kucha apekSA rakhatA hai jisameM 1. isa gAthAkA naM 0 84 hai, 88 nahIM / 350
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha uddezAdi kisI bhI rUpameM pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA ullekha ho-laghIyatrayameM bhI 'jJAnaM pramANamAtmAdeH, zlokake pUrva meM eka aisA zloka pAyA jAtA hai jisameM pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA ullekha hai aura unake agamAnusAra kathanakI pratijJA kI gayI hai ( 'pramANa-naya-nikSepAbhidhAnasthe yathAgama' )- aura usake lie pahalA zloka saMgata jAna par3atA hai| anyathA usake viSayameM yaha batalAnA hogA ki vaha dUsare kaunase granthakA svatantra vAkya hai / donoM gAthAoM aura zlokoMkI tulanA karanese to aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki donoM daloka ukta gAthAoMse anuvAdarUpameM nirmita hue haiN| dUsarI gAthAmeM pramANa, naya aura nikSepakA usI kramase lakSaNa nirdeza kiyA gayA hai jisa kramase unakA ullekha prathama gAthAmeM huzrA hai| parantu anuvAdake chandameM (zloka) zAyada vaha bAta nahIM bana sakI / isIse usameM pramANake bAda nikSepakA aura phira nayakA lakSaNa diyA gayA hai| isase tiloyapaNNattIkI ukta gAthAzroMkI maulikatAkA patA calatA hai aura aisA jAna par3atA hai ki unhIM parase ukta zloka anuvAda rUpameM nirmita hue haiM-bhale hI yaha anuvAda svayaM dhavalAkArake dvArA nirmita huzrA ho yA unase pahale kisI dUsareke dvArA / yadi dhavalAkArako prathama zloka kahIMse svataMtra rUpameM upalabdha hotA, to ve praznake uttarameM usIko uddhRta kara denA kAphI samajhate-dUsare laghIyatraya jaise graMthase dUsare zlokako uddhRta karake sAthameM jor3anekI jarUrata nahIM thI; kyoMki praznakA uttara usa eka hI zlokase ho jAtA hai / dUsare zlokakA sAthameM honA isa bAtako sUcita karatA hai ki eka sAtha pAyo jAnevAlI donoM gAthAoMke anuvAdarUpameM ye zloka prastuta kiye gaye haiM-cAhe ve kisIke bhI dvArA prastuta kiye gaye hoN| yahAM yaha prazna ho sakatA hai ki dhavalAkArane tiloyapaNNattIkI ukta donoM gAthAoMko hI uddhRta kyoM na kara diyA, unheM zlokoMmeM anuvAdita karake yA unake anuvAdako rakhanekI kyA jarUrata thI ? isake uttarameM maiM sirpha itanA hI kaha denA cAhatA hUM ki yaha saba dhavalAkAra vIrasenakI rucikI bAta hai, unhoMne aneka prAkRta vAkyoMko saMskRtameM aura saMskRta vAkyoMko prAkRtameM anuvAdita karake uddhRta kiyA hai| isI taraha anya granthoMke gadyako padyameM aura padyako gadyameM parivartita karake apanI TIkAkA aMga banAyA hai / cunAMce tiloyapaNNattIkI bhI aneka gAthAoMko unhoMne saMskRta gadyameM anuvAdita karake rakkhA hai, jaise ki maMgalakI niruktiparaka gAthAeM, jinheM dvitIya pramANameM samAnatAkI tulanA karate hue, uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / isalie yadi ye unake dvArA hI anuvAdita hokara rakkhe gaye haiM to isameM Apatti kI koI bAta nahIM hai / ise unakI apanI zailI aura ruci, zrAdikI bAta samajhanA cAhiye / __ aba dekhanA yaha hai ki 'jJAnaM pramANamAtmAdeH' ityAdi zlokako jo akalaMkadevakI 'maulika kRti' batalAyA gayA hai usakA kyA AdhAra hai ? koI bhI AdhAra vyakta nahIM kiyA gayA hai; taba kyA akalaMkake granthameM pAyA jAnA hI akalaMkakI maulika kRti honekA pramANa hai ? yadi aisA hai to rAjavArtika 351
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha meM pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhike jina vAkyoMko vArtikAdike rUpameM vinA kisI sUcanAke apanAyA gayA hai athavA nyAya vinizcayameM samantabhadrake 'sUkSmAntarita dUrArthAH' jaise vAkyoMko apanAyA gayA hai una saba ko bhI akalaMka-devakI 'maulika kRti' kahanA hogA / yadi nahIM, to phira ukta zlokako akalaMkadevakI maulika kRti batalAnA nirhetuka Thahare gA / pratyuta isake, akalaMkadeva cUMki yativRSabhake bAda hue haiM ataH yativRSabhakI tiloyapaNNattIkA anusaraNa unake lie nyAya prApta hai aura usakA samAveza unake dvArA pUrva padyameM prayukta 'yathAgama' padase ho jAtA hai; kyoMki tiloyapaNNattiM bhI eka zrAgama grantha hai, jaisA ki gAthA naM0 85, 86, 87 meM prayukta hue usake vizeSaNoMse jAnA jAtA hai| dhavalAkArane bhI jagaha jagaha use 'sUtra' likhA hai aura pramANa rUpameM upasthita kiyA hai / eka jagaha ve kisI vyAkhyAnako vyAkhAnAbhAsa batalAte hue tiloyapaNNatti sUtrake kathanako bhI pramANa meM peza karate haiM aura phira likhate haiM ki sUtrake viruddha vyAkhyAna nahIM hotA hai jo sUtra viruddha ho use vyAkhyAnAbhAsa samajhanA cAhiye-nahIM to atiprasaMga Aye gaa'| isa taraha yaha tIsarA pramANa asiddha ThaharatA hai| tiloyapaNNattikArane cUMki dhavalAke kisI bhI padyako nahIM apanAyA ataH padyoMke apanAneke AdhAra para tiloyapaNNatto dhavalAke bAdakI racanA batalAnA yukti yukta nahIM hai| (4) cauthe pramANarUpase kahA jAtA hai ki 'duguNa duguNo duvaggo NiraMtaro tiriyalogo' nAmakA jo vAkya dhavalAkArane dravyapramANAnuyogadvAra (pR0 46 ) meM tiloyapaNNattike nAmase uddhRta kiyA hai vaha vartamAna tiloyapaNNattimeM paryApta khoja karanepara bhI nahIM milA, isalie yaha tiloyapaNNatti usa tiloyapaNNattise bhinna hai jo dhavalAkArake sAmane thii| parantu yaha mAlUma nahIM ho sakA ki paryApta khojakA rUpa kyA rahA hai| kyA bhAratavarSake vibhinna sthAnoM meM pAyI jAne vAlI tiloyapaNyattIkI samasta pratiyoMkA pUrNarUpase dekhA jAnA hai ? yadi nahIM,taba isa khojako 'paryApta khoja' kaise kaheM ? vaha to bahuta kucha aparyApta hai / kyA do eka pratiyoMmeM ukta. vAkyake na milanese hI yaha natIjA nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki vaha vAkya kisI bhI pratimeM nahIM hai ? nahIM nikAlA jA sktaa| isakA eka tAjA udAharaNa gommaTasAra karmakANDa (prathama adhikAra ) ke ve prAkRta gadyasUtra haiM jo gommaTasArakI pacAsoM pratiyoMmeM nahIM pAye jAte parantu mUDavidrIkI eka prAcIna tADapatrIya kannaDa pratimeM upalabdha hai aura jinakA ullekha maiMne apane gommaTasAra-viSayaka nibandhameM kiyA hai| isake sivAya, tiloyapaNNattI jaise bar3e granthameM lekhakoMke pramAdase do cAra gAthAoMkA chUTa jAnA koI bar3I bAta nahIM hai| purAtana jaina vAkyasUcIke avasarapara mere sAmane tiloyapaNNattIkI cAra pratiyAM rahI haiM-eka banArasa syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya 1. "taM vakkhANAbhAsamAdi kudo gavvade ? joisiyabhAgahArasuttAdo caMdAicca biMvapamANa parUvaNa-tiloya paNNati suttado ca / Na ca suttaviruddhaM vakkhANaM hoi, aipraaNgaado|" dhavalA 1, 2, 4 pR. 36 / 352
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha kI, dUsarI dehalI nayA-mandirakI, tIsarI aAgarAke mandirakI aora cauthI sahAranapura lA0 pradyumnakumArajIke mandirakI / ina pratiyoMmeM, jinameM banArasakI prati bahuta hI azuddha evaM truTipUrNa jAna par3I, kitanI hI gAthAeM aisI dekhaneko milI jo eka pratimeM haiM to dUsarI meM nahIM haiM, isIse jo gAthA kisI eka pratimeM bar3hI huI milI usakA sUcImeM usa pratike sAtha saMketa kiyA gayA hai| aisI bhI gAthAeM dekhanemeM AyIM jinameM kisIkA pUrvArdha eka pratimeM hai to uttarArdha nahIM, aura uttarArdha hai to pUrvArdha nhiiN| aura aisA to bahudhA dekhanemeM AyA ki kitanI hI gAthAoMko vinA saMkhyA DAle dhArAvAhI rUpameM likha diyA hai, jisase ve sAmAnyAvalokanake avasarapara granthakA gadya bhAga jAna par3atI haiN| kisI kisI sthala para gAthAoMke chUTanekI sApha sUcanA bhI kI gayI hai; jaise ki cauthe mahAdhikArakI 'Nava-Naudi sahassANi' isa gAthA saM0 2213 ke anantara aAgarA aura sahAranapurakI pratiyoM meM dasa gAthAtroMke chUTanekI sUcanA kI gayI hai aura vaha kathana-kramako dekhate hue ThIka jAna par3atI hai-dUsarI pratiyoMse unakI pUrti nahIM ho sakI / kyA aAzcarya jo aisI chUTI athavA truTita huI gAthAzroMmeMkA hI ukta vAkya ho / grantha pratiyoMkI aisI sthitimeM do cAra pratiyoMko dekhakara hI apanI khojako paryApta khoja batalAnA aura usake AdhAra para ukta natIjA nikAla baiThanA kisI taraha bhI nyAya-saMgata nahIM kahA jA sakatA / isalie caturtha pramANa bhI iSTako siddha karaneke lie samartha nahIM hai| (5) aba rahA antima pramANa, jo prathama pramANakI taraha galata dhAraNAkA mukhya AdhAra banA huA hai / isameM jisa gadyAMzakI aora saMketa kiyA gayA hai aura jise kucha azuddha bhI batalAyA gayA hai / vaha kyA svayaM tiloyapaNNattikArake dvArA dhavalA parase, 'amhehi' padake sthAna para 'esA parUvaNA' pAThakA parivartana karake uddhRta kiyA gayA hai athavA kisI taraha para tiloyapaNNattIse prakSipta huaA hai ? zAyada isakA gambhIratAke sAtha vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai / phalataH vinA vivecana ke diyA gayA nirNaya-sA pratIta hotA hai| usa gadyAMzako tiloyapaNNattIkA mUla aMga mAna baiThanA bhI vaisA hI hai aura isIse gadyAMzameM ullikhita tiloyapaNNattIko vartamAna tiloyapaNNattIse bhinna dUsarI tiloya. paNNattI kahA gayA hai| itanA hI nahIM, balki tiloyapaNNattImeM jo yatra tatra dUsare gadyAMza pAye jAte haiM unakA adhikAMza bhAga bhI dhavalAse udhRta hai, aisA sujhAnekA saMketa bhI hai| parantu vastusthiti aisI nahIM hai / jAna par3atA hai aisA kahate aura sujhAte hue yaha dhyAna nahIM rakkhA gayA ki jo AcArya jinasena vartamAna tiloyapaNNattIke kartA batalAye gaye haiM ve kyA itane asAvadhAna athavA ayogya the ki jo 'amhehi' padake sthAna para 'esA parUvaNA' pAThakA parivartana karake rakhate aura aisA karanemeM una sAdhAraNa moTI bhUloM evaM truTiyoMko bhI na samajha pAte jinakI udbhAvanA ukta lekhameM kI gayI hai ? aura aisA karake jinasenako apane guru vIrasenakI kRtikA lopa karanekI bhI kyA jarUrata thI ? ve to barAbara apane gurukA kIrtana aura unakI kRtike sAtha unakA nAmollekha karate hue dekhe jAte haiM; cunAMce vIrasena jaba jayadhavalA 353
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ko adhUrA chor3a gaye aura usake uttarArdhako jinasenane pUrA kiyA to ye prazastimeM spaSTa zabdoM dvArA yaha sUcita karate haiM ki 'gurune Ageke ardhabhAgakA jo bhUri vaktavya una para prakaTa kiyA thA (athavA noTsa aAdike rUpameM unheM diyA thA) usIke anusAra yaha alpa vaktavya rUpa uttarArdha pUrA kiyA gayA hai / parantu vartamAna tiloyapaNNattImeM to vIrasenakA kahIM nAmollekha bhI nahIM hai-graMthake maMgalAcaraNa takameM bhI unakA smaraNa nahIM kiyA gayA / yadi vIrasenake saMketa athavA AdezAdike anusAra jinasenake dvArA vartamAna tiloyapaNNattIkA saMkalanAdi kArya huzrA hotA to ve granthake Adi yA antameM kisI na kisI rUpase usakI sUcanA jarUra karate tathA apane gurukA nAma bhI usameM jarUra prakaTa karate / yadi koI dUsarI tiloyapaNNattI unakI tiloyapaNyattIkA aAdhAra hotI to ve apanI paddhati aura pariNatike anusAra usakA aura usake racayitAkA smaraNa bhI granthake AdimeM usI taraha karate jisa taraha ki mahApurANake AdimeM 'kavi paramezvara' aura unake 'vAgarthasaMgraha' purANakA kiyA hai, jo ki unake mahApurANakA mUlAdhAra rahA hai| parantu vartamAna tiloyapaNNattImeM aisA kucha bhI nahIM hai, isalie use ukta jinasenakI kRti batalAnA aura unhIMke dvArA ukta gadyAMzakA uddhRta kiyA jAnA pratipAdita karanA kisI taraha bhI yuktisaMgata pratIta nahIM hotaa| vartamAna tiloyapaNNattIkA kartA batalAye jAne vAle dUsare bhI kisI vidvAna prAcArya ke sAtha ukta bhUla bhare gadyAMzake uddharaNako bAta saMgata nahIM baiThatI; kyoMki tiloyapaNNattIkI maulika racanA itanI praur3ha aura suvyavasthita hai ki usameM mUlakAra-dvArA aise sadoSa uddharaNakI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sakatI / 'isalie ukta gadyAMza bAdako kisIke dvArA dhavalA Adise prakSipta kiyA huA jAna par3atA hai| aura bhI kucha gadyAMza aise ho sakate haiM jo dhavalAse prakSipta kiye gaye hoM' parantu jina gadyAMzoMkI tarapha phuTanoTameM saMketa kiyA hai ve tiloyapaNNa tImeM dhavalAparase uddhRta kiye gaye mAlUma nahIM hote; balki dhavalAmeM tiloyapaNNattIse uddhRta jAna par3ate haiN| kyoMki tiloyapaNNattImeM gadyAMzoMke pahale jo eka pratijJAtmaka gAthA pAyI jAtI hai vaha isa prakAra hai vAdavaruddhakkhette vidaphalaM taha ya aTTha puDhavIe / __ suddhAyAsakhidINaM lavametta vattaissAmo // 282 // isameM vAtavalayoMse avaruddha kSetroM, ATha pRthviyoM aura zuddha zrAkAza bhUmiyoMkA ghanaphala batalAnekI pratijJA kI gayI hai aura usa ghanaphalako 'lavametta' ( lavamAtra )2 vizeSaNake dvArA bahuta 1 guruNArdhe'grime bhUrivaktavye sNprkaashite| tAnnirIkSyA'lpavaktavyaH pazcArdhastena pUritaH ||36 / / 2 tiloyapaNyattikArako jahAM vistArase kathana karaneko icchA athavA AvazyakatA huI hai vahAM unhoMne vaisI sUcanA kara dI hai; jaisA ki prathama adhikAra meM lokake AkArAdi saMkSepase varNana karaneke anantara 'vitthararui vohatthaM vocchaMgANAviyapye vi' (74) isa vAkyake dvArA vistAra rucivAle pratipAdyoMko lakSya karake unhoMne vistArase kathanakI pratijJA kI hai| 354
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha saMkSepa meM hI kahane kI sUcanA kI gayI hai / tadanusAra tInoM ghanaphaloMkA kramazaH gadya meM kathana kiyA gayA hai aura yaha kathana mudrita pratimeM pRSTha 43 se 50 taka pAyA jAtA hai| dhavalA ( pR0 51 se 55 ) meM isa kathanakA pahalA bhAga saMpahi' ('saMpadi ) se lekara 'jagapadaraM hodi' taka prAyaH jyoMkA tyoM upalabdha hai / parantu zeSa bhAga, jo AATa pRthviyoM Adi ke ghanaphala se sambandha rakhatA hai, upalabdha nahIM hai, aura isase vaha tiloyapaNNattIse uddhRta jAna par3atA hai - khAsakara usa hAlata meM jaba ki dhavalAkAra ke sAmane tiloyapaNNattI maujUda thI aura unhoMne aneka vivAdagrasta sthaloMpara usake vAkyoMko bar3e gaurava ke sAtha pramANa meM upasthita kiyA hai tathA usake kitane hI dUsare vAkyoMko bhI vinA nAmollekhake anuvAdita karake bhI rakkhA hai / aisI sthitimeM tiloyapaNNattI meM pAye jAne vAle gadyAMzoMke viSaya meM yaha kalpanA karanA ki ve dhavalAparase uddhRta kiye gaye haiM samucita nahIM hai / prastuta gadyAMzase isa viSaya meM koI sahAyatA nahIM milatI hai; kyoMki usa gadyAMzakA tiloyapaNNattIkArake dvArA uddhRta kiyA jAnA siddha nahIM hai - vaha bAdako kisIke dvArA prakSipta huA jAna par3atA hai / uddhRta kiyA hai aura [ yaha batalAnA ucita hogA ki yaha itanA hI gadyAMza prakSita nahIM hai balki isake pUrvakA "etto caMdArA saparivArANamArAyaNa vihANaM vattaissAmo" se lekara "edamhAdo ceva suttAdo" taka kA aMza aura uttaravartI " tado Na ettha idamittha mevetti" se lekara "taM cedaM 1655361 / " takakA aMza jo 'caMdassa sadasahassaM' nAmakI gAthAkA pUrvavartI hai, vaha saba prakSipta hai / aura isakA prabala pramANa mUla granthase hI upalabdha hotA hai / mUla grantha meM sAtaveM mahAdhikArakA prArambha karate hue pahalI gAthA meM maMgalAcaraNa aura jyotirlokaprajJaptike kathanakI pratijJA karaneke anantara uttaravartI tIna gAthAoM meM jyotiSiyoM ke nivAsa kSetra Adi sattara adhikAroMke nAma diye haiM jo isa jyotirlokaprajJapti nAmaka mahAdhikArake aMga haiN| ve tInoM gAthAeM isa prakAra haiM- joisiya- NivAsakhidI bhedo saMkhA taheva viraNAso | parimANaM caracAro acarasarUvANi zrAU ya || 2 || zrAhAro ussAso uccheho zrahiNANasattI / jIvANaM upapatti maraNAI eka samayasmi // 3 // uga baMdhaNabhAvaM daMsaNagahaNaMssa kAraNaM vivahaM / guNaThANAdivaraNa mahiyArasatara simAe // 4 // ina gAthAoM ke bAda nivAsakSetra, bheda, saMkhyA, vinyAsa, parimANa, carAcara, carasvarUpa aura Ayu nAmake ATha adhikAroMkA kramazaH varNana diyA hai- zeSa adhikAroMke viSaya meM likha diyA hai| ki unakA varNana bhavana lokake varNanake samAna kahanA cAhiye ( 'bhAvaNa loevva vattavyaM' ) aura jisa adhikArakA varNana jahAM samApta huA vahAM usakI sUcanA kara dI hai| sUcanA vAkya isa prakAra haiM: 355
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha 'NivAsakhettaM sammattaM / bhedo smmtto| saMkhA smmttaa| viNNAsa sammattaM / parimANaM sammattaM / evaM caragihANaM cAro smmtto| evaM acarajoisagaNaparUvaNA sammattA / zrAU sammattA // " acara jyotiSagaNakI prarUpanA viSayaka 7 veM adhikArakI samAptike bAda hI 'etto caMdANa' se lekara 'taM cedaM 1655361' takakA vaha saba gadyAMza hai, jisakI Upara sUcanAkI gayI hai| 'Ayu' adhikAra ke sAtha usakA koI sambandha nahIM hai / aAyukA adhikAra ukta gadyAMzake anantara 'caMdassa sadasahassaM' gAthAse prAraMbha hotA hai aura agalI gAthApara samApta ho jAtA hai| aisI hAlatameM ukta gadyAMza mUla graMthake sAtha sambaddha na hokara sApha taurase prakSipta jAna par3atA hai| usakA AdikA bhAga 'etto caMdANa' se lekara 'tadoNa ettha saMpadAya virodho kAyavvo tti' taka to dhavalA prathama khaNDake sparzAnuyogadvArameM thor3ese zabda bhedake sAtha prAyaH jyoMkA tyoM pAyA jAtA hai isalie yaha usase uddhRta ho sakatA hai| parantu antakA bhAga-"edeNa vihANeNa parUvida gacchaM viraliya rUvaM paDi cattAri rUvANi dAdaNa aNNoNNabhatthe" ke anantarakA-dhavalAke agale gadyAMzake sAtha koI mela nahIM khAtA, isalie vaha vahAMse uddhRta na hokara anyatrase liyA gayA hai / yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki yaha sArA hI gadyAMza dhavalAse na liyA jAkara kisI dUsare hI isa samaya aprApya graMthase, jisameM Adi antake donoM bhAgoMkA samAveza ho, liyA gayA ho aura tiloyapaNNattImeM kisIke dvArA apane upayogAdikake lie hAziyepara likhA gayA ho aura jo bAdako granthameM kApIke samaya kisI taraha prakSipta ho gayA ho| isa gadyAMzameM jyotiSa devoMke jisa bhAgahAra sUtrakA ullekha hai vaha vartamAna tiloyapaNNattIke isa mahAdhikArameM pAyA jAtA hai| usaparase phalitArtha honevAle vyAkhyAnAdikI carcAko kisIne yahAMpara apanAyA hai, aisA jAna par3atA hai| isake sivAya, eka bAta aura bhI hai; vaha yaha ki jisa vartamAna tiloyapaNNattIkA mUlAnusAra ATha hajAra zloka parimANa batalAyA jAtA hai vaha upalabdha pratiyoM parase utane hI zloka parimANa nahIM mAlUma hotI, balki usakA parimANa lagabhaga eka hajAra zloka-parimANa bar3hA huA hai| isase yaha sApha jAnA jAtA hai ki mUlameM utanA aMza bAdako prakSipta huaA hai| isalie ukta gadyAMzako, jo apanI sthiti parase prakSipta honekA spaSTa sandeha utpanna kara rahA hai aura jo Uparake vivecanase mUlakArakI kRti mAlUma nahIM hotA, prakSipta kahanA kucha bhI anucita nahIM hai / aise hI prakSipta aMzoMse, jinameM kitane hI 'pAThAntara' vAle aMza bhI zAmila jAna par3ate haiM, graMthake parimANameM vRddhi huI hai| yaha nirvivAda hai ki kucha prakSita aMzoMke kAraNa kisI granthako dUsarA grantha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ataH ukta gadyAMzameM tiloyapaNNattIkA nAmolkekha dekhakara jo yaha kalpanAkI gayI hai ki vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI usa tiloyapaNNattIse bhinna hai jo dhavalAkArake sAmane thI' vaha ThIka nahIM haiM /
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________________ tiloyapaNNattI aura yativRSabha upasaMhAra isa taraha nUtana dhArake pAMcoM pramANoM meM se koI bhI pramANa yaha siddha karaneke lie samartha nahIM hai| ki vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI zrAcArya vIrasenake bAdakI banI huI hai athavA usa tiloyapaNNattIse bhinna hai jisakA vIrasena apanI dhavalA TIkA meM ullekha kara rahe haiM / taba yaha kalpanA karanA to atisAhasa hai ki vIrasenake ziSya jinasena isake racayitA haiM, jinakI svataMtra grantha racanA-paddhatike sAtha isakA koI mela nahIM khAtA / Uparake sampUrNa vivecana evaM UhApohase spaSTa hai ki yaha tiloyapaNNattI yativRSabhAcArya kI kRti hai, dhavalAse kaI zatI pUrvakI racanA hai - aura vahI cIja hai jisakA vIrasena apanI dhavalAmeM uddharaNa, anuvAda tathA zrAzaya grahaNAdike rUpameM svataMtratA pUrvaka upayoga karate rahe haiM / granthakI antima maMgala gAthA meM 'da' padako ThIka mAnakara usake zrAge jo 'arisa vasahaM' pAThakI kalpanAkI gayI hai aura usake dvArA yaha subhAne kA yatna kiyA hai ki 'isa tiloyapaNNattIse pahale yativRSabhakA tiloyapaNNatti nAmakA koI ArSa grantha thA jise dekhakara yaha tiloyapaNNattI racI gayI hai / phalataH usIkI sUcanA isa gAthAmeM 'daThaNa arisavasahaM' vAkyake dvArA kI gayI hai' vaha bhI yuktiyukta nahIM hai; kyoMki isa pATha aura usake prakRta arthI saMgati gAthA ke sAtha nahIM baiThatI, jisakA spaSTIkaraNa prArambha meM kiyA jA cukA 1 isalie yaha likhanA ki " isa tiloyapaNNattikA saMkalana zaka saMvat 738 ( vi0 saM0 873 ) se pahale kA kisI bhI hAlata meM nahIM hai" tathA "isake kartA yativRSabha kisI bhI hAlata meM nahIM ho sakate" ati sAhasakA dyotaka hai / kyoMki kisI taraha bhI ise yukti saMgata nahIM kahA jA sakatA / 357
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________________ jaina sAhitya aura kahAnI __ zrI prA. DA. jagadIzacandra jaina, ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0 prAcIna kAlase hI kahAnI sAhityakA jIvana meM bahuta UMcA sthAna rahA hai| Rgveda, brAhmaNa, upaniSad, mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa, zrAdi vaidika graMthoMmeM aneka zikSAprada zrAkhyAna upalabdha hote haiM, jinake dvArA manuSya jIvanako UMcA uThAnekA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| ina kathA-kahAniyoMkA sabase samRddha koSa hai bauddhoM kI jAtaka kathAeM / sIlona, varmA Adi pradezoM meM ye kathAeM itanI lokapriya haiM ki vahAMke nivAsI Aja bhI ina kathAoMko rAta rAtabhara baiThakara bar3e cAvase sunate haiM / ina kathAoM meM buddha ke pUrvajanmakI ghaTanAoMkA varNana hai, aura inake dRzya sAMcI, bharahuta Adi stUpoMkI dIvAroM para aMkita haiM, jinakA samaya IsAke pUrva dUsarI zatI mAnA jAtA hai| prAcIna kAlameM jo nAnA loka kathAeM bhAratavarSameM pracalita thIM, unheM brAhaHNa, jainoM aura bauddhane apane apane dharmagranthoM meM sthAna dekara apane siddhAMtoMkA pracAra kiyaa| bauddhoMke pAli sAhityakI taraha jainoMkA prAkRta sAhitya bhI kathA-kahAniyoMkA vipula bhaNDAra hai| jaina bhikSu apane dharmakA pracAra karaneke lie dUra dUra dezoMmeM vihAra karate the / bRhatkalpabhASyake antargata janapada-parIkSA prakaraNameM batAyA hai ki jaina bhikSuko cAhiye ki vaha zrAtmazuddhi ke lie tathA dUsaroMko dharmameM sthira rakhaneke lie janapada vihAra kareM tathA janapada-vihAra karanevAle sAdhuko magadha, mAlavA, mahArASTra, lATa, karNATaka, dravir3a; gaur3a, vidarbha Adi dezoMkI lokabhASAoM meM kuzala honA cAhiye, jisase vaha bhinna bhinna dezake logoMko unakI bhASAmeM upadeza de sake / jaina sAhityakA prAcInatama bhAga 'aAgama' ke nAmase kahA jAtA hai| digambara paramparAke anusAra aAgama granthoMkA sarvathA viccheda ho gayA hai, zvetAmbara paramparAke anusAra ye Agama vikRtarUpameM maujUda haiM, aura 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 10 prakIrNaka, 6 chedasUtra, 4 mUlasUtra, nandi tathA anuyogadvArake rUpameM aAjakala bhI upalabdha haiN| 11 aMgoMke antargata nAyAdhammakahA (jJAtRdharma kathA) nAmaka pAMcaveM aMgameM jJAtRputra mahAvIrakI aneka dharmakathAeM varNita haiM, jo bahuta rocaka aura zikSAprada haiN| upAsakadazA nAmaka chaThe aMgameM mahAvIrake upAsakoMkI kathAeM haiN| kathA sAhityakA sarvottama bhAga Agama granthoMkI TIkA-TippaNiyoMmeM upalabdha hotA hai| ye TIkA-TippaNiyAM niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi aura TIkA ina 358
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________________ jaina sAhitya aura kahAnI cAra bhAgoMmeM vibhakta haiM / inameM cUrNi aura TIkA sAhitya bhAratake prAcIna kathA-sAhityakI dRSTi se atyanta mahattvakA hai, jisameM zrAvazyakacUrNi aura utarAdhyayana TIkA to kathAoMkA vRhatkoSa hai / Agama sAhityake atirikta jaina sAhityameM purANa, carita, campU , prabaMdha Adike rUpameM prAkRta, saMkRta apabhraMzake aneka grantha maujUda haiM, jinameM choTI-bar3I aneka kathA-kahAniyAM haiM / ___ yahAM yaha kaha denA anucita na ho gA ki pAli-prAkRta sAhityakI aneka laukika kathAeM kucha rUpAntarake sAtha deza-videzoMmeM bhI pracalita haiN| ye kathAeM bhAratavarSa meM paMcataMtra, hitopadeza, kathAsaritsAgara, zukasaptati, siMhAsanadvAtriMzikA, betAlapaMcaviMzatikA zrAdi granthoM meM pAyI jAtI haiM, tathA 'IsapakI kahAniyAM, 'arebiyana nAiTsakI kahAniyA~, 'kalelA damanAkI kahAnI' zrAdi ke rUpameM grIsa, roma, araba, phArasa, aphrikA Adi sudUra dezoMmeM bhI pahuMcI haiN| ina kathAoMkA udgama sthAna adhikatara bhAratavarSa mAnA jAtA hai, yadyapi samaya samayapara anya dezoMse bhI deza-videzake yAtrI bahuta-sI kahAniyAM apane sAtha yahAM lAye / yahAM lekhakakI 'bhAratakI prAcIna kathA-kahAniyAM' nAmaka pustakameMse do kahAniyAM dI jAtI haiM / kahAniyoMko par3hakara unake mahatvakA patA lage gaa| kArya saccI upAsanA kisI seThakA putra dhana kamAneke lie paradeza gayA aura apanI javAna patnIko apane pitAke pAsa chor3a gayA / seThakI patohU bahuta zaukIna svabhAvakI thI / vaha acchA bhojana karatI, pAna khAtI, itara-phulela lagAtI, suMdara vastrAbhUSaNa pahanatI, aura dinabhara yoM hI vitA detI / gharake kAmameM usakA mana jarA bhI na lagatA / usako apane patikI bahuta yAda aAtI, parantu vaha kyA kara sakatI thI ! eka dina seThako patohUkA mana bahuta caMcala ho utthaa| usane dAsIko bulAkara kahA 'dAsI ! kisI puruSako bulAyo / kisIko jAnatI ho ?' dAsIne kahA 'dekhuugii| dAsIne zrAkara saba hAla seThajIse khaa| seThajI bahuta cintita hue aura socane lage ki bahUkI rakSAke lie zIghra hI koI upAya karanA cAhiye, anyathA vaha hAthase nikala jAya gI ! unhoMne turata seThAnIko bulAyA aura kahA "dekho seThAnI ! hama tuma donoM lar3AI kara leM ge, aura maiM tumheM mAra kara nikAla dUM gA / tuma thor3e samayake lie kisI dUsareke ghara meM jAkara raha jAnA / anyathA apanI bahU apane hAthase nikala jAya gii| seThAnIne apane patikI bAta mAna lii| agale dina seTha ghara AyA aura seThAnIse bhojana mAMgA / seThAnIne cillAkara kahA "abhI bhojana taiyAra nahIM hai| basa donoMmeM jhagar3A hone lagA / seThako krodha AgayA aura usane seThAnIko mAra-pITakara gharase nikAla diyA / sAsa aura sasurako kalaha sunakara usakI patohU gharase nikala kara A gayI aura pUMchane lagI "pitAjI ! kyA bAta huI ?" seThane kahA-'beTI ! Ajase maiMne tujhe apane gharakI mAlakina banA
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha diyA hai| aba tUM hI gharakA saba kAma-kAja dekhnaa|" bahU apane sasurakI bAta suna kara prasanna huI / apane dharakA saba kAma samhAla liyaa| aba vaha dharake kAmameM itanI saMlagna rahane lagI ki use bhojana karanekA samaya bhI bar3I kaThinatAse miltaa| vaha sAja-zRGgAra saba bhUla gyii| eka dina dAsIne zrAkara kahA-"bahUjI ! Apa usa dina kisI puruSakI bAta karatI thIM / maiMne eka puruSakI khoja kI hai| ApakI AjJA ho to use bulAUM ?" bahU ne utara diyA-"dAsI ! vaha samaya dUra gayA / isa samaya mujhe maranekA bhI avakAza nahIM, tU para-puruSakI bAta karatI hai|" asaMtoSa burI cIja hai _____ koI bur3hiyA gobara pAtha pAtha kara apanI gujara karatI thii| usane vyaMtaradevakI ArAdhanA kI / vyaMtara bur3hiyAse bahuta prasanna huA aura deva-prasAdase usake gobarake saba upale ratana bana gaye / bur3hiyA khUba dhanavAna ho gyii| usane cAra koThoMkA eka sundara bhavana banavA liyA aura vaha sukhase rahane lagI / eka dina buDhiyAke ghara usakI eka par3osana AyI aura usane bAtoM bAtoMmeM saba patA lagA liyA ki bar3hiyA itanI jaldI dhanI kaise bana gyii| par3osanako bur3hiyAse bar3I IrSyA huI aura usane bhI vyaMtaradevakI ArAdhanA zurU kara dI / vyaMtara prasanna hokara upasthita huA aura usane vara mAMganeko khaa| par3osanane kahA-"maiM cAhatI hUM jo koI vastu tuma bur3hiyAko do vaha mere dugunI ho jAya / " vyaMtarane kahA "bahuta acchaa|" ___aba jo vastu bur3hiyA mAMgatI vaha usakI par3osanake ghara dugunI ho jaatii| bur3hiyAke ghara cAra koThoMkA eka bhavana thA to usakI par3osanake do bhavana the / isI prakAra aura bhI jo sAmAna bur3hiyAke thA, usase dugunA usakI par3osanake ghara thA / bur3hiyAko jaba isa bAtakA patA lagA to vaha apane manameM bahuta kuddh'ii| usane krodhameM Akara vyaMtarase varadAna mAMgA ki usakA cAra koThoMvAlA bhavana gira par3e aura usake sthAnapara eka ghAsakI kuTiyA bana jAya / basa usakI par3osanake bhI donoM bhavana naSTa ho gaye aura usakI jagaha do ghAsakI kuTiyAM bana gayIM / bur3hiyAko isase bhI saMtoSa na huaa| usane dUsarA vara mAMgA "merI eka zrAMkha phUTa jAya / " phalataH usakI par3osanakI donoM AkheM phUTa gyii| tatpazcAt bur3hiyAne kahA "mere eka hAtha aura eka paira raha jAya, "basa usakI par3osanake donoM hAtha aura donoM pAMva naSTa ho gaye / aba bicArI par3osana par3I par3I socane lagI ki maiM kyA karU', yaha saba mere asaMtoSakA phala hai| yadi maiM bur3hiyAke dhanako dekha kara IrSyA na karatI aura saMtoSase jIvana bitAtI to merI yaha dazA na hotii|" 360
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________________ jainasAhitya meM rAjanIti zrI paM0 pannAlAla jaina 'vasanta' sAhityAcArya, Adi / vizAla saMskRta sAhitya meM yadyapi zatiyoMse maulika kRtiyoMkI vRddhi nahIM huI hai tathApi koI aisA viSaya nahIM jisake bIja usameM na hoN| jaina saMskRta sAhitya usakA itanA vizAla evaM sarvAGgINa- bhAga hai ki usake vinA saMskRta sAhityakI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sakatI / udAharaNa ke lie rAjanItiko hI lIjiye; isake varNana vividha rUpoM meM saMskRta sAhitya meM bhare par3e haiM / vizeSakara 'saMsAra - zarIra bhoga- nirviNNatA' ke pradhAna pratiSThApaka jaina sAhitya meM; jaisA ki nimna saMkSipta varNana se spaSTa ho jAyagA / rAjA - 1 rAjanItikA udgama rAjA aura rAjase hai ataH usake vicAra pUrvaka hI Age bar3hA jA sakatA bhogabhUmimeM koI rAjA nahIM hotA parantu karmabhUmike prArambha hote hI usakI AvazyakatAkA anubhava hotA hai; arthAt jahAM samAnatA hai, loga apanA apanA karttavya svayaM pAlana karate haiM vahAM rAjAkI zrAvazyakatA nahIM hotI parantu jahAM janatA meM viSamatA, nirdhanatA saghanatA, UMca-nIca zrAdikI bhAvanA utpanna hotI hai vahAM pArasparika saMgharSa svAbhAvika ho jAtA hai / ziSTa puruSa kaSTa meM par3a jAte hai aura duSTa manuSya apanI udaNDatA se zrAnanda ur3Ate haiM / karmabhUmike isa anaitika vAtAvaraNa se janatAkI rakSA karaneke lie hI rAjAkA zrAvirbhAva kulakaroM ke rupameM hotA hai / zrAcArya jinasenake mahApurANa meM likhA hai ki kulakaroMke samaya daNDavyavasthA kevala 'hA' 'mA' aura 'dhik' ke rUpa meM thI parantu jaise jaise logoM meM anaitikatA bar3hatI gayI vaise vaise daNDavyavasthA meM parivartana hote gaye / prArambhameM eka kulakara hI apane balase samasta bhArata khaNDakA zAsana karaneke lie paryApta thA kintu bAda meM dhIre-dhIre, aneka rAjAoMkI ( zAsakoM kI ) zrAvazyakatA par3ane lagI / isa prakAra spaSTa haiM ki rAjA sRSTikA sevaka yogya puruSa thA / usakA jIvana nirantara para pAlanake lie hI thA / jainAcAryoM ne sAmrAjyapadako sAta' parama sthAnoM meM ginakara rAjAke mAhatmya kI ghoSaNA kI hai| jo rAjA apane jIvanako kevala bhoga vilAsa kAhI sAdhana samajhate haiM ve Atma vistRta kartavya jJAnase zUnya haiN| apane Upara pUrNa rASTrake jIvana 1 sajjAtiH sadgRhasthatvaM pArivrajyaM surendratA / sAmrAjyaM paramArhantyaM nirvANaJceti saptakam || ( mahApurANa) 1 46 361
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha nirvAhakA bhAra lekara bhI yadi bhoga-vilAsako hI apanA lakSya banA leM to unase adhika aAtmavaJcaka tathA pramatta kauna hogA ? prAcArya somadeva ne rAjA aura rAjya kI tyAga mayatA ke kAraNa hI use pUjya samajhakara apane nItivAkyAmRtake prArambhameM rAjyako hI namaskAra kiyA hai| unakA pahilA sUtra hai-'atha dharmArthakAmaphalAya rAjyAya namaH / ' zukrAcAryake nItizAstra meM bhI 'sandhi, vigraha aAdi zAkhA, sAma, dAna, Adi puSpa tathA dharma-artha-kAma rUpa phala yukta rAjya vRkSako namaskAra kiyA gayA hai / rAjA kauna ho sakatA hai ? isake uttarameM zrA0 somadeva kahate haiM dharmAtmA kula abhijana aura zrAcArase zuddha, pratApo, naitika, nyAyI, nigraha-anugrahameM taTastha, Atma sammAna aAtma-gauravase vyApta, koza bala sampanna vyakti rAjA hotA hai / ' rAjanIti rAjAkI nIti rAjanIti kahalAtI hai, yaha cAra puruSArthoM meMse artha puruSArtha ke antargata hai| isa nItikA pUrNa prakAza vahI rAjA kara pAtA hai jo ki samasta rAjavidyAnoMmeM niSNAta hotA hai | rAja-vidyAyoMkI saMkhyAmeM prAcIna kAlase vivAda calA A rahA hai jaisA ki "yataH daNDake bhayase hI saba loga apane apane kAryoM meM avasthita rahate haiM ataH daNDanIti hI eka vidyA hai' aisA zukrAcAryake ziSyoMkA mata hai / 'caMki vRtti vArtA aura vinaya hI loka vyavahArakA kAraNa haiM, isalie vArtA aura daNDanIti yahI do vidyAeM haiM' aisA vRhaspatike anuyAyI mAnate haiM / 'yataH trayI hI vArtA aura daNDanItikA upadeza detI hai isa lie trayI, vArtA aura daNDanIti yahI tIna rAja-vidyAeM haiN| aisA manusmRtike bhaktoMkA abhiprAya hai / 'yataH AnvIkSikIke dvArA jisakA vivecana kiyA gayA hai aisI trayI ho vArtA aura daNDanItipara apanA prabhAva rakha sakatI hai isalie AnvIkSikI, trayI, vArtA aura daNDanIti, ye cAra hI rAja-vidyAeM haiM, aisA kauTilyakA mata hai / " uddharaNase spaSTa hai / prAcArya somadeva ne bhI kauTilyake samAna AnvIkSikI Adiko hI rAjavidyA mAnA hai / jisameM adhyAtma viSayakA nirUpaNa ho vaha AnvIkSikI, jisameM paThana-pAThana, pUjana vidhAna, Adi kA varNana ho vaha trayI, jisameM kRSi, pazu pAlana, Adi vyavasAaoMkA varNana ho vaha vArtA aura jisameM sAdhu saMrakSaNa tathA duSToMke nigrahakA varNana ho vaha daNDanIti kahalAtI hai / 1 namo'stu rAjyavRkSAya pAiguNyAya prazAkhine / sAmAdicAru puSpAya trivargaphala dAyine / / (zukranIti) 2 'dhArmikaH kulAbhijanAcAravizuddhaH pratApavAnnayAnugatavRttizca svAmI' 'kopaprasAdayoH khanntra:. 'AtmA tizayaM dhanaM vA yasyAsti sa svAmI / ' svAmi samuddaza sUtra 1-3 / 3 'AnvIkSikI trayo vArtA daNDanItiriti catasro rAjavidyAH / 56 // 'AnvIkSikyadhyAtmaviSaye, trayI vedayajJAdiSu, vArvA kRSikarmAdikA, daNDanItiH sAdhupAlana duSTanigrahaH / / 6 / / 'nItivAkyAta-vidyAvRddhasamuddaza / 362
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________________ jaina sAhitya meM rAjanIti phalataH rAjanItike mUla siddhAnta avasthita hai unake prayogakI paddhatiyoM meM hI sadA parivartana hotA rahatA hai / sandhi, vigraha, yAna, grAsana, saMzraya aura dvaidhIbhAva ye rAjAoMke chaha guNa haiM, utsAha mantra aura prabhAva yaha tIna zaktiyAM haiM. sAma, dAna, bheda aura daNDa yaha cAra upAya haiM / sahAya, sAdhanopAya, dezavibhAga, kAlavibhAga aura vipattipratIkAra ye pAMca aGga haiN| rAjanItike yehI mukhya siddhAnta haiM jo ki karmabhUmi ke prArambha meM samrAT bharatake dvArA nizcita evaM zrAcarita kiye gaye the aura Aja bhI anivArya haiN| hAM, sAdhana evaM prayoga paristhitike anusAra pRthak pRthak ho sakate haiM / saMskRta jaina sAhitya meM rAjanItikA varNana, kahIM pitA yA gurujanoM dvArA putra athavA ziSyake lie diye gaye sadupadeza ke rUpa meM milatA hai, anyatra kisI rAjAkI rAjya vyavasthA athavA caritra citraNa ke rUpameM upalabdha hotA hai athavA svataMtra nItizAstra ke rUpa meM prApta hotA hai / udAharaNa ke lie zrAcArya vIranandIke mahAkAvya 'candraprabhacarita' meM rAjya siMhAsanapara ArUr3ha yuvarAjako usake pitA ke upadezako hI lIjiye / 'he putra ! yadi tuma prabhAvaka vibhUtiyoMkI icchA karate ho to apane hitaiSiyoM se kabhI udvigna mata honA, kyoMki janAnurAga hI vibhUtiyoMkA pramukha kAraNa hai / sampadAoM kA samAgama usI rAjAke hotA hai jo ki saMkaToM se rahita hotA hai aura saMkaToMkA abhAva bhI tabhI saMbhava hai jaba ki apanA parivAra apane adhIna ho / yaha nizcaya hai ki parivArake apane adhIna na rahanepara bhArI saMkaTa yA par3ate haiM / yadi tuma apane parivArako grAdhIna rakhanA cAhate ho to pUrNa kRtajJa bano, kyoMki kRtaghna manuSya saba guNoM se bhUSita hokara bhI saba logoMko udvigna hI karatA hai / tuma kalikAlake doSoMse mukta raha kara artha aura kAma puruSArtha kI aisI vRddhi karanA jo dharma kI virodhI na ho kyoMki samAna rUpase trivarga sevana karanevAlA rAjA hI donoM lokoM ko siddha karatA hai / jo rAja karmacArI unakA tuma nigraha karanA, aura jo prajAkI sevA karate haiM unako vRddhi denA, jana terI kIrti gAveM ge ( arthAt yazasvI bano ge ) aura kramazaH vaha dig diganta taka phaila jAyagI / ' tuma apane mana kI vRttiko sadA gUr3ha rakhanA, aura apane udyogoM ko bhI itanA chipAkara rakhanA ki phala ke dvArA hI unakA anumAna kiyA jA ske| jo puruSa apanI yojanA chipA kara rakhatA hai aura dUsareke mantrakA bheda pA jAtA hai usakA zatru kucha nahIM kara sakate haiM / tuma tejasvI hokara samasta dizAoM meM vyApta ho jAnA, samasta rAjAoM meM pradhAnatAko prApta karanA, taba sUrya ke kiraNa -kalApake samAna terA kara-prapAta bhI samasta bhUmaNDala para nirvAdha rUpase hogA / arthAt samasta bhUmaNDala terA karadAtA ho jAyagA / prajAko kaSTa pahuMcAte haiM kyoMki aisA karanese bandI - 1 - candraprabhacarita sarga 5 zlo 36-43 / 363
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha rAjadarabArameM zatrupakSakA dUta roSapUrNa bacanoMse yuvarAjako uttejita kara detA hai / yuddhake lie tayAra ho jAte haiM / purohita Adi use zAnta karanekA prayatna karate haiM / yuvarAja una sabako uttara dete haiM / isa prakAra candraprabhakA bArahavAM sarga kirAta aura mAghake dUsare sargako bhI mAta karatA hai / yathA - 'naya aura parAkrama meM naya hI balavAn hai, naya zUnya vyaktikA parAkrama vyartha hai / bar3e bar3e madonmatta hAthiyoMko vidAraNa karanevAlA siMha bhI tuccha zavarake dvArA mArA jAtA hai / ' jo nItimArgako nahIM chor3atA hai yadi usakA kArya siddha nahIM hotA hai to yaha usakA doSa nahIM hai apitu usake viparIta daivakA hI prabhAva hai | Apa vivekiyoM meM zreSTha haiM ataH vinA vicAre zatruke sAtha daNDanItikA prayoga mata kIjiye / yataH zatru abhimAnI hai isalie sAma-upAya se hI zAnta ho sakatA hai / apanA prayojana siddha karane ke lie zatrupara sabase pahale sAmakA prayoga karate usake bAda bheda, Adi anya upAyoMkA; daNDa to antima upAya / eka priya vacana saikar3oM doSoM ko dUra karane meM samartha hai, megha jalabinduke kAraNa hI logoMko priya haiM, vajra zrAdike dvArA nahIM / dAmase dhana hAni, daNDa se bala hAni aura bhedase 'kapaTI' honekA apayaza hotA hai kintu sAmase bar3hakara sarvathA kalyANakArI dUsarA upAya nahIM hai ' / somadevasUri yazastilaka aura nItivAkyAmRtake kartA bahuzruta vidvAn zrAcArya somadevane cAlukya vaMzIya rAjA arikesarIke prathama putra zrI vaddigarAjakI gaGgAdhArA nagarImeM caitra sudI 13 zaka saMvat 881 ko yazastilaka campUko pUrNa karake saMskRta sAhityakA mahAna upakAra kiyA thA / inhoMne apane nItivAkyAmRta meM rAjanotike samasta zrRGgoMkA jo sarasa aura sarala vizada vivecana kiyA hai vaha tAtkAlika tathA cAdake samasta rAjanaitika vidvAnoM ke lie Adarza rahA hai / kAvyagraMthoMke kuzala TIkAkAra mallinAthasUrine apanI TIkAoM meM bar3e gaurava ke sAtha nItivAkyAmRta ke sUtra uddhRta kiye haiM / nItivAkyAmRta ke atirikta yazastilakacampUke tRtIya AvAsa meM bhI rAjAoM ke rAjanaitika jIvanako vyavasthita aura adhika se adhika saphala banAne ke lie paryApta dezanA dI hai| apane rAjyakA samasta bhAra mantriyoM Adipara chor3akara baiThanese hI rAjA loga asaphala hote haiM / zrAcArya kahate haiM ki rAjAnoMko pratyeka rAjakIya kAryakA svayaM avalokana karanA cAhiye / kyoM ki jo rAjA apanA kArya svayaM nahIM dekhatA hai use nikaTavartI loga ulTA sIdhA sujhA dete haiM / zatru bhI use acchI taraha dhokhA de sakate haiM / 'jo rAjA mantriyoMko rAjyakA bhAra sauMpakara svecchA vihAra karate haiM ve mUrkha, Upara dUdha kI rakSAkA bhAra saupa kara zrAnandase sote haiM / kadAcit jala meM machaliyoMkA aura 1. candraprabhacarita sarga 12, zlo0 72 81 / 1. nItivAkyAmRta. svAmisamuddeza. sUtra 32-34 / 364 billiyoM ke AkAza meM
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________________ jaina sAhitya meM rAjanIti pakSiyoMkA mArga jAnA jA sakatA hai kintu hAthake valeko lupta karanevAle mantriyoMkI pravRtti nahIM jAnI jA sakatI / jisa prakAra vaidya loga dhanADhya puruSoMke roga bar3hAne ke lie sadA tatpara rahate haiM usI prakAra mantrI bhI rAjAnoMkI ApattiyAM bar3hAne meM sadA prayatnazIla rahate haiM / granthakArane jahAM mantriyoMke prati rAjAko jAgarUka rahanekA upadeza diyA hai vahAM mantriyoMkI upayogitAkA bhI sundara pratipAdana kiyA hai / yataH mantriyoM ke vinA kevala rAjAke dvArA hI rAjyakA saMcAlana nahIM ho sakatA ataH rAjAko aneka mantrI rakhanA cAhiye aura sAvadhAnIse unakA bharaNa poSaNa karanA cAhiye / " rAjyakI unnatikA dvitIya sAdhana mantrI gopanIyatA hai, isake vinA yoga-kSema donoM hI nahIM rhte| vahI rAjA nItijJa hai jo apane mantrakA anya rAjAoM ko patA nahIM lagane detA tathA catura caroMke dvArA unakA mantra jAnatA rahatA hai / mantra rakSA ke lie rAjAoM ko zrayukta vyaktiko mantrazAlAmeM nahIM Ane denA cAhiye mahArAja yazodharako samajhAte hue kahate haiM-- 'he mahIpAla ! Apa mantrazAlAkA pUrNa zodhana kareM, ratikAlameM prayukta puruSakake sadbhAvake samAna mantrazAlA meM ayogya evaM laghu puruSakA sadbhAva vAJchanIya nahIM hai / viSa aura zastra ke dvArA eka mArA jAtA hai / parantu mantrakA eka visphoTa hI sabandhu rASTra aura rAjA sabhIko naSTa kara detA hai / ' kitane hI rAjA daivako na mAnakara kevala puruSArthavAdI bana jAte haiM aise logoM ke lie zrAcArya saceta karate haiM ki 'rAjAko cAhiye ki vaha kramazaH daiva grahoMkI anukUlatA, dhanAdi vaibhava aura dhArmika maryAdAkA vicAra karake hI yuddhAdimeM pravRtta ho / jo puruSa dharmake prasAda se lakSmI prApta karake zrAge dharma dhAraNa karanemeM Alasa karatA hai isa saMsAra meM usase bar3hakara kRtaghna kauna hogA ? zrathavA zrAgAmI janma meM usase bar3hakara daridra kauna hogA ? hAthIkA zikAra karake kevala pApa kamAnevAle siMhake samAna dharmakI upekSA karake dhana saMcaya karanevAlA rAjA hai, kyoMki zRgAlAdike samAna dhanAdi parijana khA pI jAte haiM / kevala daivake bhakta bana kara puruSArtha hIna rAjAoM ko bhI sAvadhAna karate haiM ki 'jo paurupako chor3akara bhAgyake bharose baiThe rahate haiM unake mastakapara kaue usI taraha baiThate haiM jisa prakAra nisteja rAjAke viruddha kyA apane kyA dUsare, - sabhI jAla racane lagate haiM / bhalA, ThaNDhI rAkha para kauna paira nahIM rakhatA ?' mantra aura mantrIkI kitanI sundara paribhASA dete hai ?' jisameM deza, kAla, vyayakA upAya, sahAyaka aura phalakA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai vahI mantra hai / zeSa saba muhakI khAja miTAnA hai / jisakA mantra kAryAnvita ho aura phala svAmIke anukUla hI vaho mantrI hai / anya saba gAla bajAne vAle haiN|' maMtrI kahAM kA ho ? isakA uttara bhI bar3A udAra diyA hai 'mantrI cAhe svadezakA ho, cAhe para dezakA rAjA ko apane prArabdha kAryoMke saphala nirvAha para hI dRSTi rakhanI cAhiye / ' kyoMki zarIra meM makAna meM bane miTTIke siMhoM para 1 yazastilaka campU A0 3 zlo0 23-26 / 2. yazastilaka campU A0 3 zlo0 27-56 365
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________________ va abhinandana grantha utpanna vyAdhi duHkha detI hai aura vana meM ugI auSadhi sukha pahuMcAtI hai| puruSoMke guNa hI kAryakArI haiM; nija aura para kI carcA bhojana meM hI zobhA detI hai|' rAjAoMko pahile to mantra dvArA hI saphalatA prApta karanekA prayatna karanA cAhiye 'jo mantravuddha se hI vijaya prApta kara sakate haiM unheM zastrabudase kyA prayojana ? jise mandAra vRkSa para hI madhu prApta ho sakatA hai vaha uttuGga zailapara kyoM car3hegA ?' vijigISAkI bhAvanA se jo rAjA svadezarakSAkI cintA chor3akara Age bar3ha jAte haiM unheM kisa sundaratAse sAvadhAna kiyA hai 'jo rAjA nijadezakI rakSA na kara paradezako jItanekI icchA karatA hai vaha usa puruSakI taraha upahAsakA pAtra hotA hai jo ghotI kholakara mastakapara sAphA bAMdhatA hai / ' sAma Adi ke asaphala rahanepara anta meM agatyA daNDakA prayoga karanA cAhiye / kintu daNDakA prayoga pratyeka samaya saphala nahIM hotaa| usakA kaba aura kisa prakAra prayoga karanA cAhiye zrAcArya kahate haiM ki 'udaya, samatA aura hAni yaha rAjAoMke tIna kAla haiM / inameM se udaya kAla meM hI yuddha karanA cAhiye, anya do kAloMmeM zAnta rahanA cAhiye / yataH ekakA anekoMke sAtha yuddha karanA paidala sainikakA hAthI ke sAtha yuddha karanekI taraha vyartha hotA hai isalie banake hAthI kI taraha bheda upAyake dvArA zatruko dalase tor3akara vazameM karanA caahiye| jisaprakAra kaccI miTTI ke do vartana paraspara TakarAne se donoM hI phUTa jAte haiM usI prakAra samAna zaktike dhAraka rAjAke sAtha svayaM yuddha na karake use hAthIkI taraha kisI anya rAjAke sAtha bhir3A denA cAhiye / ' isI prakAra hIna zaktike dhAraka rAjA ke sAtha bhI svayaM nahIM lar3anA cAhiye balki use anya balavAnoMke sAtha lar3Akara kSINakara denA cAhiye athavA kisI nIti dvArA use apanA dAsa banA lenA cAhiye 2 / kitane hI rAjA vinA vicAre bharatI karake apanI sainika saMkhyA bar3hA lete haiM / parantu avasara para unakI vaha senA kAma nahIM AtI isa lie AcArya kahate hai ki 'puSTa, zUravIra, astrakalAke jAnakAra aura svAmi-bhakta zreSTha kSatriyoMkI thor3IsI senA bhI kalyANa kAriNI hotI hai| vyartha hI muNDa maNDalI ekatrita karanese kyA lAbha hai ? isa prakAra yuddhakI vyavasthA karake bhI granthakArakA hRdaya yuddhanItiko pasaMda nahIM karatA / tathA ve kaha hI uThate haiM'eka zarIra hai aura hAtha do hI haiM; zatru pada padapara bhare par3e haiM / kAMTe jaisA kSudra zatru bhI dukha: pahuMcAtA hai ! phira talavAra dvArA kitane zatru jIte jA sakate haiM ?' jo kAryaM sAma, dAna aura bhedake dvArA siddha na yogya kArya meM zastrakA ho sake usIke lie daNDakA prayoga karanA cAhie / ' 'sAmake dvArA siddha hone kauna prayoga karegA? jardA guDa khilAnese mRtyu ho sakatI hai vahAM viSa kauna degA naya rUpI jAla DAlakara zatru rUpI matsyoMko phaMsAnA cAhiye jo bhujAoM dvArA yuddha rUpI kSubhita samudrako taranA cAhegA usake ghara kuzalatA kaise ho sakatI hai? phUloMke dvArA bhI yuddha nahIM karanA cAhiye phira tIkSNa vANoM dvArA yudha karanekI to bAta hI kyA hai ? hama nahIM jAnate yuddha dazA ko prApta hue puruSoM kI kyA dazAM hogI ? 3 1. nItivA0 yuddha sa 0 69 / 2. yaza campU A. 3 ilo0 68-83 tathA nItivAkyAmRta, yuddha samudeza. sUtra. 68 / 3. yaza0 na0 A0 3, zlo0 84 92 / 366
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________________ jainasAhityameM rAjanIti sthira zAnti rakhaneke lie rAjAoMko udAra bananA cAhiye-apanI saMpadAkA ucita bhAga dUsaroM ke lie bhI denA cAhiye / jo rAjA saMcaya zIlatAke kAraNa aAzritajanoMmeM apanI sampadA nahIM bAMTate unakA antaraMga sevaka varga bhI ghUsakhora ho jAtA hai aura isa prakAra prajAmeM dhIre dhIre anIti panapane lagatI hai / ataH jo narendra apanI lakSmIkA saMvibhAga nahIM karatA hai vaha madhugolakakI taraha sarvanAzako prApta hotA hai| yahAM dAna upAyake samarthanake Age, bhedanItikA bhI sundara pratipAdana hai / 'jo rAjA zatrutroMmeM bheda DAle vinA hI parAkrama dikhAtA hai vaha UMce vAMsoMke samUhameMse kisI eka bAMsako khIMcane vAle balIke samAna hai| kitane hI nItikAra 'rAjAoMko apanA zArIrika bala sudRr3ha rakhanA cAhiye ke samarthaka haiM aura dUsare rAjAoMke bauddhika balako pradhAnatA dete haiM / parantu zrA0 somadeva donoMkA samanvaya karate hue kahate haiM ki 'zaktihIna rAjAkA bauddhika bala kisa kAma kA ? aura bauddhika balahIna rAjAkI zakti kisa kAma kI ? kyoMki dAvAnalake jJAtA paMgu SuruSake samAna hI sabala andhA-puruSa bhI dAvAnalakA jJAna na honese apanI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA / yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki zatruoMko apane vazameM karaneke lie unake dezapara aAkramaNa kare / jisa prakAra kumbhakAra apane ghara daiThakara cakra calAtA huaA aneka prakArake baratanoMko banA letA hai usI prakAra rAjA bhI apane ghara baiThakara cakra ( nIti evaM sainya ) calAye aura usake dvArA diga-digantake rAjArUpI bhAjanoMko siddha ( vaza meM ) kare / jisa prakAra kisAna apane khetake bIca maJca para baiTha kara hI khetakI rakSA karatA hai usI prakAra rAjAko bhI apane zrAsana para ArUr3ha hokara samasta pRthvIkA pAlana karanA caahiye| 'jisa prakAra mAlI kaTIle vRkSoMko udyAnake bAhara vAr3ake rUpameM lagatA hai, eka jagaha utpanna hue paudhoMko judo judI jagaha lagAtA hai, eka sthAnase ukhAr3a kara anyatra lagAtA hai, phUle vRkSoMke phUla cunatA hai, choTe paudhoM ko bar3hAtA hai, UMce jAnevAloMko nIcekI aora jhukAtA hai, adhika jagaha rokanevAle paudhoMko chAMTa kara halakA karatA hai aura jyAdA UMce vRkSoMko kATakara girAtA hai usI prakAra rAjAko bhI tIkSNa prakRti vAle rAjAoMko rAjyakI sImA para rakhanA cAhiye, mile hue rAjAoMke guTako phor3akara judA judA kara denA cAhiye, eka sthAnase cyuta hue rAjAoMko anya sthAnakA zAsaka banAnA cAhiye, sampanna rAjAoMse Taiksa vasUla karanA cAhiye, choToMko bar3hAnA cAhiye, abhimAniyoMko namra karanA cAhiye bar3oMko halakA karanA cAhiye--unakI rAjya sImA bATa denA cAhiye aura uddaNDoMkA 1 ya0 ca0 A0 3. zlo0 93 tathA nI0 vA0 dharmasamudde za sUtra 15 / 2 yazastilaka campU A03 zlo0 94 / 367
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha damana karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra rAjAko catura mAlIkI taraha samasta pRthvIkA pAlana karanA cAhiye / jisa prakAra kisI vRkSa para par3e hue pIpalake choTese bIjase bar3A vRkSa taiyAra ho jAtA hai usIprakAra choTese choTe zatruse bhI bar3A bhaya upasthita ho sakatA hai isalie kauna buddhimAn choTese bhI bhayakI upekSA kare gaa'|' ye saba ve mArmika upadeza haiM jinase rAjAoMkA jIvana loka kalyANakArI bana jAtA hai| rAjAkA jIvana kevala bhoga vilAsake lie nahIM hai, balki duSToMkA nigraha aura sajjanoMkA anugraha karake jagatIkI sundara vyavasthA karaneke lie hai / yadyapi anya puruSoMkI taraha rAjAke bhI do hAtha, do paira aura do aAMkheM hotI haiM, use bhI anya puruSoMkI taraha hI khAnA, pInA, sonA Adi nityakarma karane par3ate haiM tathApi vaha apanI sevAvRtti, alaukika pratibhA aura yogya logoM ke nirvAcana tathA sahayogase samUce rASTrako zAnta, samRddha aura zikSita karatA hai| apano rAjadhAnImeM baiThA rAjA guptacaroMke dvArA sva-pararASTrakI samasta halacaloMse paricita rahatA hai / guptacara vihIna rAjAkA na rAjya hI sthira rahatA hai aura na prANa / yahI kAraNa hai ki nItikAroMne gucaptaroMko rAjAoMke locana batalAye haiM aura rAjAnoMko sAvadhAna bhI kiyA hai ki ve caroMkI upekSA na kareM anyathA cakSukI upekSA honepara jisa prakAra pada padapara patana hone lagatA hai usI prakAra caroMkI upekSA honepara bhI pada padapara patana honA saMbhava ho jAtA hai| zrAcArya somadevane yahI bhAva nItivAkyAmRtameM spaSTa kiyA hai / prA0 somadevake matase dUta vahI ho sakatA hai 'jo catura ho, zUravIra ho, nirlobha ho, prAjJa ho, gambhIra ho, pratibhAzAlI ho, vidvAn ho, prazasta vacana bolanevAlA ho, sahiSNu ho, dvija ho, priya ho aura jisakA prAcAra nirdoSa ho / ' yazastilakake isa kathakakA nItavAkyAmRtameM bhI samarthana hai / pUrNa rAjataMtrakA saMcAlana artha dvArA hotA hai isalie rAjAoMko cAhiye ki ve pratyeka vaidha upAyake dvArA apanI AyakI vRddhi kareM tathA jitanI Aya ho usase kama kharca kareM, aAvazyaka zrAkasmika avasaroM ke lie saMcaya bhI karate raheM, jaisA ki nItivAkyamRtake sUtrase spaSTa hai / rAjAoMkI Aya aura vyaya vyavasthAkA muniyoMko kamaNDalukA nidarzana hai / ' jisa prakAra kamaNDalumeM pAnI bharanekA dvAra to bar3A hotA hai aura nikAlanekA choTA, usI prakAra rAjAaoMkI aAyakA dvAra bar3A honA cAhiye aura kharca kama / 'jo rAjA apanI bAyakA vicAra na karake adhika kharca karatA hai vaha rAjya sthira nahIM rakha sktaa| isI prakaraNameM kahA gayA hai ki 'bAyakA vicAra na karake kharca karanevAlA kuvera bhI naMgA ho jAtA hai| 1 yazastilakacamyU A. 3 zlo0 95, 97, 100, 107-8 / 2 yazastilaka campU, A03 zloka 111 / nIti vAkya. cArasamu..mU. 2 / 3 'AyavyayamukhayormunikamaNDalu darzanam' / nIti. cAra0 muu03| * 'AyamanAlokya vyayamAno vaizravaNo'pi zramaNAyate' nIti. amaatysmuddesh|
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________________ jainasAhityameM rAjanIti Age calakara mantrI kaisA honA cAhiye ? kisa samaya kaisA bhojana karanA cAhiye ? aura kaise manuSyoMkI saMgati karanI cAhiye? Adi samasta viSayoMkA sundara nirUpaNa hai| mahApurANake vyAlIsaveM parva meM bhagavajinasenAcAryane maharAja bharatakI rAjya vyavasthAkA varNana karate hue rAjanItikA vizada vivecana kiyA hai| gadyacintAmaNi kAdambarIke jor3akA gadya kAvya hai| prAcArya AryanandIne vidyAdhyayanake anantara jIvandharakumArake lie jo dIkSAnta dezanA dI hai vaha kAdambarIke zukanAsopadezakA smaraNa dilAtI hai / komalakAnta padAvalI aura bhavya bhAvabhaGgIke dvArA kAvya jagatmeM yugAntara karanevAle mahAkavi haricandrane bhI apane dharmazarmAbhyudayameM yatra tatra aura khAsakara aThAharaveM sargameM rAjanItikA sarasa aura sundara nirUpaNa kiyA hai| aThArahaveM sargake pandrahaveM zlokase tetAlIsaveM zloka takakA bhAga vizeSa rUpase rAjanItike vidyArthiyoMko AkarSita karatA hai| isa saMkSipta vivecanase 'jaina kaviyoMne dharma aura mokSakA hI varNana kiyA hai' yaha AkSepa nimUla ho jAtA hai /
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________________ sAgAradharmAmRta aura yogazAstra zrI paM0 hIrAlAla zAstrI, nyAyatIrtha / bArahavIM terahavIM zatImeM race gaye jaina vAGmayakI aura vidvAnoMkA sabase adhika dhyAna jina AcAryoMne khIMcA hai, unameM se zvetAmbara paramparAmeM AcArya hemacandra aura digambara paramparAmeM paMDitapravara aAzAdharakA nAma cirasmaraNIya rahe gA / jisa prakAra kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandrane jaina vAGmayake prAyaH sabhI viSayoMpara apanI kuzala lekhanI calAyI hai, usI prakAra prAcAryakalpa mahApaMDita AzAdharane bhI dharma, nyAya, sAhitya, vaidyaka Adi anekoM viSayoMpara svataMtra racanAeM kI haiM, jo di0 paramparAmeM apanA eka viziSTa sthAna rakhatI haiN| zrAcArya hemacandra tathA paM0 zrAzAdharane apane sAmane upasthita samasta jaina zrAgamakA maMthana kara aura usameM apanI viziSTa pratibhArUpa mizrI, tarkaNArUpa elA aura anubhavarUpa kezarakA sammizraNa karake jijJAsutroM ke netra, rasanA aura hRdayako AlhAdita karane vAlA bauddhika zrIkhaNDa upasthita kiyA hai| yadi AcArya hemacandrane yogazAstra granthameM dhyAna AdikA varNana karate hue zrAvaka aura muniyoMke dharmoMkA bhI varNana kiyA hai to paM0 AzAdharane bhI dharmAmRta nAmake granthake do bhAga karake pUrvArdhameM munidharmakA varNana kiyA, jo aAja svataMtra 'anagAradharmAmRta, nAmase prakAzita hai| aura usI granthake uttarArdhameM zrAvaka dharmakA varNana kiyA hai, jisakA nAma sAgAradharmAmRta hai| paM0 zrAzAdharajIse pUrva di0 zrAcAryoMne jitane bhI zrAvaka dharmake varNana karanevAle grantha race haiM una sabakA dohana kara evaM anekoM navIna vizeSatAoMse alaMkRta tathA svopajJa TIkAse pariSkRta karake paM0 zrAzAdharajIne aise anupama rUpameM sAgaradharmAmRtako di0 sampradAyake dharmAnurAgI zrAvakoMke lie prastuta kiyA hai ki vaha aAja taka unakA patha pradarzana karatA hai| prakRta granthakA parizIlana karanese jahAM eka ora unakI agAdha vidvattA aura anubhava mUlaka lekhanIpara zraddhA hotI hai, vahIM dUsarI ora unakI asAmpradAyikatA aura sadguNa-grAhakatA bhI kama Azcarya janaka nahIM hai, pratyuta vartamAnake kaluSita sAmpradAyika vAtAvaraNase pare mahAn evaM anukaraNIya zrAdarza samAjake sAmane upasthita karatI hai| jaisA ki paM0 zrAzAdharajIke sAgAradharmAmRta tathA prAcArya hemacandrake yogazAstra varNita zrAvakadharma prakaraNameM dRSTigocara yatheSTa AdAna pradAnase siddha hotA hai, yaha bAta nimna tulanAtmaka uddharaNoMse bhalI bhAMti spaSTa ho jAtI hai| 370
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________________ sAgAradharmAmRta aura yogazAstra paM0 AzAdharajIke sAgAradharmAmRtakI TIkA vi0 saM0 1266 meM pUrNa huI jaba ki zrAcArya hemacandra vi0 saM0 1229 meM svargavAsI ho cuke the| isa prakAra paM0 AzAdharajIkA zrA0 hemacandrase pIche honA nirvivAda siddha hai / ataH unapara prAcAryakA prabhAva spaSTa hai jaisA ki prAcArya hemacandrake samAna durUha mUla granthoMke spaSTIkaraNArtha paM0 zrAzAdharajIke apane anagAradharmAtRta aura sAgAradharmAmRtapara svopajJa TIkAeM likhanese siddha hai / yahAM donoM granthoMke tulanAtmaka adhyayanake aAdhArapara sAgaradharmAmRtake kucha aise sthaloMke udgamakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai jo mUla jaina paramparAse mela nahIM khAte / vanamAlAkA zapatha dilAnA-sAgAradharmAmRtake cauthe adhyAya zloka 24 meM rAtribhojanatyAga vratakI mahattA batalAte hue likhA hai 'rAmacandrako kahIM ThaharAkara punaH yadi tumhAre pAsa na AUM to maiM hiMsA zrAdi pApoMkA doSI hoU' isa prakAra anya zapathoMko karanepara bhI vanamAlAne lakSmaNase 'rAtri bhojanake pApakA bhAgI hoUM' isa eka zapathako hI kraayaa|' TIkAmeM likhA hai ki rAmAyaNameM aisA sunA jAtA hai| kintu digambara paramparAmeM rAmakA carita varNana karane vAle do grantha prasiddha haiM--eka to raviSeNAcArya racita padmacarita aura dUsarA guNabhadrAcArya racita uttarapurANa / uttarapurANakA kathAnaka ati saMkSipta hai aura usameM vanamAlAke sambandhameM kucha bhI nahIM kahA gayA hai padmacaritameM vanamAlAkA varNana hai / vanamAlAko chor3akara jaba lakSmaNa rAmake sAtha jAne lage, taba vaha bahuta vikala huI, usake citta-samAdhAnake lie lakSmaNane kucha zapatha bhI kiye-magara vahAM rAtribhojanake pApase lipta honevAle kisI zapathakA varNana nahIM hai jaisA ki padmacaritake parva 28 meM Aye 35-43 veM zlokoM se spaSTha hai| prAkRta 'paumacariu' bhI rAmake caritrako varNana karatA hai aura aitihAsika vidvAn ise raviSeNAcAryake 'padmacarita' se bhI purAnA mAnate haiN| yadyapi abhI taka yaha nirNita nahIM hai ki yaha graMtha di0 paramparAkA hai, athavA zve0 paramparAkA / tathApi zve0 saMsthAse mudrita evaM prakAzita honeke kAraNa sarvasAdhAraNa ise zvetAmbara granthasA hI socate haiN| prakRtameM hameM usake di0 yA0 zve0 honese koI prayojana nahIM hai / isa graMthameM vanamAlAkI carcA usI prakAra vizada rUpase kI gayI hai, jisa prakAra ki saMskRta padmacaritameM / para yahAM para bhI rAtribhojanakI zapathakA koI ullekha nahIM haiM jaisA ki parva 38 gAthA 16-20 ke siddha haiM / isake viparIta prAcArya hemacandraracita triSaSThizalAkA-puruSa caritake sAtaveM parvameM vanamAlAkA varNana hai aura vahAM usake dvArA lakSmaNase rAtribhojanake pApase lipta honevAlI zapathakA bhI ullekha hai| "zrAMkhoMmeM aAMsU bharakara vanamAlA bolI-"prANeza, usa samaya Apane mere prANoMkI rakSA kisa lie kI thI ? yadi usa samaya maiM mara jAtI to merI vaha sukhamRtyu hotI; kyoMki mujhe aApake virahakA yaha asahya duHkha na sahanA par3atA / " lakSmaNane uttara diyA-'he varavarNinI, maiM apane jyeSTha bandhuko icchita sthAna para pahuMcAkara tatkAla hI tere pAsa aaauuNgaa|' 371
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha kyoMki terA nivAsa mere hRdayameM hai / he mAninI ? punaH yahAM aAnekI pratItike lie yadi tujhako mujhase koI ghora pratijJA karAnA ho, to vaha bhI maiM karaneko tayAra huuN|" phira vanamAlAkI icchAse lakSmaNane zapatha lI ki "yadi maiM punaH lauTakAra yahAM na AUM, to mujhako rAtri-bhojanakA pApa lge|" isaprakAra yaha spaSTa siddha ho jAtA hai ki paM0 zrAzAdharajIke sAmane hemacandrakA tri0 za0 pu0 carita thA aura usIke AdhAra para unhoMne vanamAlAkI rAtri bhojana vAlI zapathakA ullekha kiyA hai| yA yaha bhI saMbhava ho sakatA hai ki rAmake caritakA pratipAdaka anya koI saMskRta yA prAkRta grantha unake sAmane rahA ho aura usake aAdhArapara paMDitajIne ukta ullekha kiyA ho| phira bhI paMDitajI kI racanA zailIko dekhate hue to aisA lagatA hai ki di0 paraMparAkA aura koI ukta ghaTanAkA poSaka grantha unake sAmane nahIM thA, jisakI puSTi ukta zlokakI TIkAke 'kila rAmAyaNe evaM zrUyate' isa padase bhI hotI hai| anyathA ve usa granthakA nAma avazya dete, kyoMki prakRta granthameM anyatra dUsare granthoM aura granthakAroMke nAmoMkA ullekha unhoMne svayaM kiyA hai tathA yogazAstrake "zruyate hyanyazapathAnanAdRtyaiva lakSmaNaH / nizAbhojanazapathaM kArito vanamAlayA / " zlokase bhI isI bAtakI puSTi hotI hai| ___ bhojanakA pretake dvArA jUThA kiyA jAnA--donoM granthoM ke zlokoMmeM rAtribhojanako pretapizAcAdike dvArA ucchiSTa kiye jAnekA ullekha hai, vaha bhI di0 paraMparAke viruddha hai| di0 zAstroMmeM kahIM bhI aisI kisI ghaTanAkA ullekha nahIM dekhanemeM AyA jisase ki ukta bAtakI puSTi ho sake / isake viparIta zve0 granthoM meM aisI kaI ghaTanAaoMkA ullekha hai jinameM preta Adise bhojanakA ucchiSTa kiyA jAnA, devoMkA mAnuSIke sAtha saMbhoga karanA Adi siddha hotA hai / yahAM yaha zaMkA kI jA sakatI hai ki saMbhava hai pretapizAca Adise paM0 zrAzAdharajIkA abhiprAya vyantarAdi devoMse na ho kara kisI mAMsa bhakSI manuSyAdise ho; so bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoMki isI zlokakI TIkAmeM paM0 jI svayaM likhate haiM "tathA pretAdyucchiSTamapi pretA adhama vyantarA zrAdayo yeSAM pizAcarAkSasAdInAM tairucchiSTaM sparzAdinA abhojyatAM nItaM" ( a0 4 zloka 25 kI TIkA ) / ukta uddharaNase merI bAtakI aura bhI puSTi hotI hai sAtha hI isa bAta para bhI prakAza par3atA hai ki zve0 zAstroM meM varNita vyaMtarAdi devoMkA manuSyoMke bhojanako khAnA, mAnuSI strIke sAtha saMbhoga karanA Adi paM0 AzAdharajIko bhI iSTa nahIM thA, unheM yaha bAta di0 paramparAse viruddha pratIta huI, ataeva unhoMne ucchiSTa' kA artha 'muhase khAyA' na karake 'sparza Adike dvArA abhojya kiyA gayA' kiyA hai / 1. rAmAyaNa pR0 236,-anuvAdaka kRSNalAla varmA / 1. yog03-48| sAgAradha0 4-25 / 372
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________________ sAgAradharmAmRta aura yogazAstra aticAroMkA varNana-yogazAstrake tIsare adhyAyameM zloka naM0 90 se 119 taka zrAvakake vratoMke aticAroMkA varNana hai / svopajJa TIkAmeM paraMparAse cale AnevAle aticAroMkA khUba spaSTa vicecana kiyA gayA hai jo usa samaya takake racita zve0 granthoMmeM dekhaneko nahIM miltaa| isa prakaraNake zlokoMkI TIkA sAgAradharmAmRtameM yathAsthAna varNita 12 vratoMke aticAroMke vyAkhyAnameM jyoMkI tyoM uThAkara rakha dI gayo pratIta hoto hai, anyathA donoM TIkAtroM meM zabdazaH samatA na dikhAyI detii| di0 paramparAke zrAvakA. cAra sambandhI granthoMmeM paM0 zrAzAdharajIke pUrva kisI bhI prAcAryane aticAroMkI vyAkhyA usa prakArase nahIM kI, jisaprakArase ki paM0 jIne sAgAradharmAmRtameM kI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isa adRSTa aura azruta-pUrva aticAroMkI vyAkhyAse di0 vidvAn jahAM eka ora unheM prAcArya kalpa kahane meM gauravakA anubhava karate zrA rahe haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora zuddha AcaraNa para dRSTi rakhanevAle kucha di0 vidvAn unake brahmacaryANuvrata saMbaMdhI aticAroMkI vyAkhyAse cauMkate haiM aura unake isa prasiddha aura anupama granthakA vahiSkAra bhI karate cale Arahe haiN| kharakarmokA ullekha-bhogopabhogaparimANa vratake vyAkhyAnameM zrA0 hemacandrane zve0 AgamoMmeM prasiddha 15 kharakarmoM kA yogazAstrake tIsare adhyAya meM zloka naM0 99 se 114 taka varNana kiyA hai / paM0 zrAzAdharajIne sAgAra0 a05 zlo0 20 meM bhogopabhogavratake aticAroMkI vyAkhyA karaneke bAda eka zaMkA-samAdhAna likhakara usake Age hI 15 kharakarmoMkA kA varNana tIna zlokoMmeM karake tIsare dvArA unakI nirarthakatA bhI batalAnekA upakrama kiyA hai / zaMkA-samAdhAna viSayaka aMza isaprakAra hai-"atrAha sitambarAcAryaH-bhogopabhogasAdhanaM yadravyaM tadupArjanAya yatkarma vyApArastadapi bhogopabhoga zabdenocyate kAraNe kAryopacArAt tataH koTapAlanAdi kharakarmApi tyAjyam / tatra kharakarmatyAgalakSaNe bhogopabhogavrate aMgArajIvikAdIn paMcadazAticArAMstyajediti / tadacAru, loke sAvadha karmaNAM parigaNanasya katumazakyatvAt / athocyate atimandamati pratipattyarthaM taducyate tarhi tAn pratIdamapyatu / mandamatIna prati punastrasabahughAta viSayArthatyAgopadezenaiva tatparihArasya pradarzititvAditi / " arthAt-zaMkA-yahAM koI zvetAmbara AcArya kahatA hai ki bhoga aura upabhogake sAdhanabhUta dravyake upArjanake lie jo karma yA vyApAra kiyA jAtA hai vaha bhI kAraNameM kAryake upacArase 'bhogopabhoga' isa zabdase kahA jAtA hai / isalie kotavAlI karanA Adi kharakarma (krUrakArya ) bhI chor3e ataH una kharakarmoM kA tyAga karAne vAle bhogopabhoga vratameM aMgArajIvikA zrAdi 15 aticAroMko chor3anA cAhie / samAdhAna-ukta kathana ThIka nahIM, kyoMki lokameM pracalita sAvadya (pApa ) kAryoMkI gaNanA karanA azakya hai / yadi kaho ki atyanta mandabuddhi ziSyoMko samajhAneke lie aMgAra-jIvikAdi kharakarmoM ko kahate haiM, to unake lie bhale hI Apa kahiye / kintu unase jo kucha adhika jAnakAra mandamati 373
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha haiM, unake lie to trasaghAta, ekendriya bahughAta, pramAda, aniSTa aura anupasevya padArthoM ke tyAgake upadeza dvArA ukta kharakamakA parihAra batalAyA hI jA cukA hai| 'atrAha sitambarAcAryaH' isa vAkyase kisI prasiddha zve0 AcArya ke kisI mahattvapUrNa yA prasiddhi prApta granthakA unake sAmane honA nizcita hai / uparyukta pramANoM aura uddharaNoMke prakAzameM yaha bAta bhI nizcita siddha hotI hai ki vaha grantha zrA0 hemacandrakA prasiddha yogazAstrA hI thA / aura usIse ye sthala liye gaye haiM / paMDitAcAryakI udAratA tathA jinavaca prIti Ajake sAhityika sampradAyavAdiyoM ke lie prakAza stambha hai / 374
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________________ samyaktvakaumudIke kartA zrI prA. rAjakumAra jaina, sAhityAcArya, Adi __'samyaktvakaumudI'' 'paJcatantra' kI zailImeM likhI gayI bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa, rocaka tathA svalapakAya racanA hai / kalAkArane apanI isa laghukAya racanAmeM bhI samyaktvako aGkurita karanevAlI una ATha pradhAna kathAoMkA samAveza kiyA hai, jinheM par3hakara koI bhI sahRdaya pAThaka prabhAvita hue vinA nahIM raha sktaa| inheM gar3hanemeM kalAkArane apanI nisarga nipuNatA aura prasanna pratibhAkA pUrA upayoga kiyA hai aura yahI kAraNa hai jo Aja bhI ye kathAeM pAThakoMke manobhAvoMko samyaktvake prati uddIpta karane meM samartha haiM / yahAM hama isa racanAke kuzala kalAkArake sambandhameM hI prakAza DAlanA cAhate haiM, jo isa mahattvapUrNa kalA-kRtikA sRjana karake apane paricaya-dAnameM ekadama mauna rahA hai / mAno eka mahAn dAnIne sarvasva luTAkara bhI vijJApanase bacaneke lie apaneko saba taraha chipA liyA hai| madanaparAjaya aura samyaktvakaumudI kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane para maiM isa pariNAma para pahuMcA ki ina donoM racanAoMkA lekhaka eka hI vyakti nAgadeva honA caahie| mere niSkarSa ke aAdhAra nimna haiM / (1) donoM racanAoMmeM pAyA jAneva lA zailI-sAmya, (2) bhASA-sAmya, (3) uddhRta padya-sAmya, (4) antarkathA sAmya aura, (5) prakaraNa sAmya / zailI sAmya-jahAM taka madanaparAjaya aura samyaktvakaumudI kI zailIkA sambandha hai, donoM hI racanAeM paJcatantrase milatI-julatI zrAkhyAnAtmaka zailImeM likhI gayI haiM / yaha avazya hai ki samyaktvakaumudI rUpakAtmaka racanA na honese usameM madana-parAjaya jaise rUpakoMkA zrAtyantika abhAva hai, parantu jisa prakAra madana-parAjaya meM pAtroMkI uktiyoMko samartha aura prabhAvapUrNa banAneke lie granthAntaroMke padyoMko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai aura mUla kathAkI dhArAko sazakta tathA rocaka banAneke lie anya atakathAnoMkI saMghaTanA kI gayI hai| usI prakAra samyaktvakaumudI meM bhI uddhRta padyoM aura antarkathAoMkA yatheSTa saMgranthana dikhalAyI detA hai| bhASA-sAmya-samyaktvakaumudI aura madanaparAjaya meM na kevala zailIkI samAnatA hai varan 1 jaina grantha kAryAlaya hIrAbAga bambaIkA saMskaraNa / 375
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bhASA bhI donoMkI karIba karIba eka sI hI hai| jisa prakArakI sarala tathA suvodha bhASAkA madanaparAjaya meM prayoga huA hai, samyaktvakaumudI meM bhI bhASAkI saralatA aura suboghatA ApAtataH spaSTa dikhalAyI detI hai| prAyaH sarvatra choTe-choTe vAkyoMkA prayoga huaA hai| aura bandhakI praur3hi bhI madanaparAjaya kI koTikI hai / bhASA aura zabda-sAmyake lie donoM racanAoMke nimnAGkita sthala vicAraNIya haiM (ka) "satata (taM) pravRttotsavA (vaM) prabhUtavara jinAlayA (yaM) jinadharmAcArotsavasahitazrAvakA (ka) ghanaharitatarukhaNDamaNDitA (tN)|" (kha) "sarvaiH sabhAsadaiveSTito ( sa ca zreNiko)'mararAjavadrAjate / " (ga) "atha teSAmAgamanamAtreNa tadvanaM suzobhitaM jAtam / tadyathA-- "zuSkAzokakadamvacUtavakulAH..."Adi 18 tathA 16 zloka' / " padya-sAmya-madanaparAjayameM jisa prakAra granthAntaroMke padya uddhRta karake racanAko puSTa, prabhAvapUrNa aura alaGkRta kiyA gayA hai, samyaktvakaumudImeM bhI ThIka yahI paddhati apanAyI gayI hai itanA hI nahIM kucha padyoMko chor3a kara donoM granthoMke uddhRta padya prAyaH samAna hI haiN| udAharaNake lie katipaya padya nimna prakAra hai (1) "nidrAmudritalocano mRgapatiryAvadguhAM sevate tAvat svairamamI carantu hariNAH svcchndsNcaarinnH| unnidrasyavidhUtakesarasaTAbhArasya nirgacchato nAde zrotrapathaM gate hatadhiyAM santyeva dIrghA dizaH // 12 // " (ma0pa0pR04-6) yahI padya samyaktvakaumudI pRSTha 8 para 'zUnyAdizaH' pAThAntarake sAtha pAyA jAtA hai| (2) "durAgrahagrahagraste vidvAn pusi karoti kim / kRSNapASANakhaNDeSu mArdavAya na toyadaH // " ( madana-parAjaya pRSTha 16) samyaktvakaumudI pR0 13 meM yahI padya 'kRSNapASANakhaNDasya' pAThAntarake sAtha pAyA jAtA hai / (3) "vazIkRtendriyagrAmaH kRtajJo vinyaanvitH| niSkaSAya prasannAtmA smygdRssttimhaashuciH||m0 pa0 pR0 13) yahI padya samyaktvakaumudI pR0 65 meM 'niSkaSAya prazAntAtmA' pAThAntarake sAtha milatA hai| isa prakAra dazakoM udAharaNa diye jA sakate haiN| 1 madanaparAjaya pR0 8 paM0, 21-2, samyaktva kaumudI pR0 1, 50 7-9 / 2 madanapa0 pR0 3, 50 1-2 samyaktvakI0 pR0 1, paM0 12 . 3 madanapa0 pR0 11-2, pa0 25-28 tathA 1.6 / samyaktva kI pR0 56, paM0 7-8 /
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________________ samyaktvakaumudI ke karttA zrantarkathA - sAmya - madanaparAjaya meM katipaya antarkathA kA samAveza kara ke mUlakathAkI dhArA vividha mukha sarasa srotoM meM pravAhita kI gayI hai aura isa prakAra eka apUrva rasakI zrRSTi huI hai, samyaktvakaumudI meM bhI rasa paripAkakI yaha paddhati apanAyI gayI dikhatI hai / isa prasaGga meM samyaktvakaumudIkArane apanI racanA meM yamadaNDa kotavAlake dvArA rAjAko sunAyI gayI sAta antarkathAkA niveza to kiyA hI hai, kucha anya antarkathA sUcaka padya bhI uddhRta kiye haiM jinakI antarkathAoM kA vistRta vivaraNa madanaparAjayagata antarkathAoM kI taraha hI chor3a diyA gayA hai| isa prakArake padya nimna prakAra haiM (1) 'parAbhavo na kartavyo yAdRze tAdRze jane / tena TiTTibhamAtreNa samudro vyAkulIkRtaH // yaha padya paJcatantra mitrabhedake' "zatrorvikramamajJAtvA... ityAdi' ( 337 saM0 ) padyakA parivartita rUpa hai, jisameM TiTTabha jaise kSudra jantu dvArA samudra jaise mahAmahima vyaktitvazAlIkI parAbhava kathA citrita kI gayI hai / parantu samyakatvakaumudIke karttA ne apanI isa racanA meM ullikhita padyase sambandhita kathAvastukA tanika bhI vivavaraNa na dekara ukta parivartita padyako hI uddhRta kara diyA hai / eka dUsare padyameM bhI isa prakArakI kathA vastu pratibimbita ho rahI hai| jisameM eka rAjakumArIke prasAda se bhikSukI mana kAmanAkI pUrti nahIM hotI hai / pratyuta bAghake nimittase vaha mautakA zikAra bana jAtA hai / samyaktvakaumudI ke karttAne prastuta padyase sambandhita kathA-vastukA bhI koI vistRta vivaraNa nahIM diyA hai / "avyApAreSu vyApAraM . . ityAdi (pRSTa 70 ) zloka 'paJcatantra mitrabheda' kA hai, jisameM niSprayojana kIla ukhAr3ane vAle bandarakI kathA antarhita hai / para samyaktvakaumudIkArane isa kathAkA bhI koI pallavita rUpa nahIM diyA hai / madanaparAjaya ke karttAne bhI apanI racanAoM meM prastuta padyakA samAveza kiyA hai, parantu unhoMne bhI isa padyase sambandhita kathA rUpakA koI spaSTa vivaraNa nahIM diyA hai / isake sAtha hI madanaparAjaya ( pR0 78 ) meM isa padyakA svarUpa bhI nimnaprakAra parivartita upalabdha hotA hai / "avyApAreSu vyApAraM yo naraH katumicchati / sa eva nidhanaM yAti yathA rAjA kakudrumaH // " isa prakArake aneka padya sulabha haiM / tathA yaha dhyAna denekI bAta hai ki "varaM buddhirnA sAvidyA,..." aise padya madanaparAjayameM bhI pAye jAte haiM aura samyakaktvakaumudI tathA madanaparAjaya ke pAThoM meM koI bheda nahIM hai / isa prakAra ina padyoMse sambandhita kathAeM aura unheM apanI-apanI racanAoM meM niveza karaneke prakAra saMketa karate haiM ki madanaparAjaya aura samyaktvakaumudI ke kartA eka hI haiM / 1 paJcatantra, mitra bheda, bArahavIM kathA / 2 "anyathA cintita .. Adi" zloka0 pR0 32 / 48 377
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha prakaraNa-sAmya-madanaparAjaya aura samyaktvakaumudI meM pAyI jAnevAlI ullikhita samAnatAoM ke bAvajUda bhI eka aisI samAnatA pAyI jAtI hai, jise hama 'prakaraNa-sAmya' kaha sakate haiM, arthAt jisa prakAra madanaparAjaya meM kathA-vastuko pallavita tathA parivardhita karaneke lie aura pAtroktiyoMko puSTa tathA samartha banAneke lie haThAt naye-naye prakaraNoM aura prasaGgoM kI yojanA kI gayI hai, ThIka yahI paddhati samyaktva kaumudI meM bhI prAyaH sarvatra vikharI huI dikhalAyI detI hai / aise katipaya sthala nimna prakAra haiM (ka) 'madana-parAjaya' (pR. 21-22) kA arthaprakaraNa, jisameM zilpakArane nau padyoM dvArA arthakI upayogitA batalAyI hai| usakA vaisA hI citraNa samyaktvakaumudI (pR. 90-61 ) meM bhI zrAThavIM vidyullatAkI kathAmeM samudradattakI cintA dvArA grathita kiyA gayA hai| (kha) madana-parAjaya (pR. 14-15) kA strI-nindA prakaraNa jisameM dasa padyoM dvArA jo kholakara strI-nindAkA kANDa upasthita kiyA gayA hai / samyaktvakaumudI kArane bhI apanI racanAmeM isa kANDako do bAra upasthita kiyA hai / eka bAra pahalI kathAmeM usa samaya, jaba subhadrako apanI vRddhA mAtAkI kuzIla pravRttikA patA calA hai ( pR. 23-24 ) aura dUsare taba; jaba ki koI dhUrta azokake sAmane kamalazrI ke kANDa (pR. 94-95 ) ko upasthita karatA hai / (ga) madanaparAjaya (pR. 11-2) kA vaha prakaraNa, jisameM rAjagRhameM subhadrAcArya ke saMgha sahita pAnese nagarakA udyAna ekadama harA-bharA ho jAtA hai / eka sAtha chahoM RtuoMke phala-phUloMse samRddha ho uThatA hai / use bhI samyaktvakaumudI ke kartAne viSNukI kathAke prasaGgase samAdhigupta munirAjake Ane para kauzAmbIke udyAna varNanameM sajIva citrita kiyA hai / itanA hI nahIM, isa avasara para madanaparAjayakArane jina padyoMko ullekha kiyA hai, samyaktvakaumudI kArane yatkiJcit parivartanake sAtha hI unhIM padyoM ko apanI racanAkA aGga banA liyA hai| isa prakArake sAmya paga pagapara sulabha haiN| bhASA, zailI, bhAva aura padya-sAmyake bhI anya sthala donoM racanAoM meM pAye jAte haiM / ye samasta pramANa isI bAtako puSTa karate haiM ki samyaktvakaumudI aura madanaparAjaya ke racayitA eka hI haiM aura vaha haiM-nAgadeva / kyoMki madanaparAjaya kI prastAvanAmeM isa bAtakA spaSTa ullekha hai ki isakI racanA nAgadeva ne kI hai| nAgadevakA paricaya nAgadevane 'madana-parAjaya' kI prastAvanAmeM svayaM hI apanA aura apanI vaMza-paraMparAkA paricaya "pRthvI para pavitra raghukula rUpI kamalako vikasita karaneke lie sUrya ke samAna caGgadeva hue / caGgadeva. kalpa vRkSake samAna samasta yAcakoMke manoratha pUrNa karate the / inakA putra harideva huA / harideva duSTa kavi rUpI hAthiyoMke lie siMhake samAna bhayaMkara thA / inakA putra nAgadeva huA, jisakI bhUlokameM mahAn vaidyarAjake 378
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________________ samyaktvakaumudIke kartA rUpameM prasiddhi rahI / nAgadevake hema aura rAma nAmake do putra hue / ye donoM bhAI bhI acche vaidya the rAmake priyaGkara nAmakA eka putra huaA, jo yAcakoMke lie bar3A hI priya lagatA thA / priyaGkarake bhI zrI mallugit nAmakA putra utpanna huA / zrImallugit jinendra bhagavAnake caraNa kamaloMkA unmatta bhramarake samAna anurAgI thA aura cikitsAzAstra-samudrameM pAraMgata thA / zrI mallugitkA putra maiM nAgadeva huaa| maiM ( nAgadeva ) alpajJa hUM tathA chanda, alaGkAra, kAvya aura vyAkaraNa zAstrameM se mujhe kisI bhI viSayakA bodha nahIM hai| haridevane jisa kathA ( madana parAjaya ) ko prAkRta meM likhA thA, bhavya jIvoMke dhArmika vikAsakI dRSTi se maiM use saMskRta meM nibaddha kara rahA huuN|" likhakara diyA hai / isa prastAvanAse ' spaSTa hai ki zrImallugitke putra nAgadevane hI madanaparAjayako saMskRta bhASAmeM nibaddha kiyA hai aura yaha vahI kathA hai jise nAgadevase pUrva chaThI pIr3hIke haridevane prAkRtameM grathita kiyA thaa| nAgadevakA samaya-madanaparAjayakI prazastise nAgadeva aura unakI vaMza-paraMparAkA hI ukta paricaya mAtra milatA hai / madanaparAjaya ke kartA ne isa dharA-dhAmako kaba alaMkRta kiyA, isa bAtakA koI ullekha na to madanaparAjayakI prastAvanA yA antima prazastimeM svayaM nAgadavane hI diyA aura na kisI anya granthakArane hI inake nAma, samaya, AdikA koI spaSTa sUcana kiyA hai| aisI sthitimeM nAgadevake yathArtha samayakA patA lagAnA kaThina hai, phira bhI anya srotoMse nAgadevake samaya taka pahuMcanA zakya hai| ve srota nimna prakAra haiM (1) nAgadevane madanaparAjaya aura samyaktvakaumudI meM jina granthakAroMkI racanAoMkA upayoga kiyA hai, unameM sarvAdhika paravartI paMDitapravara aAzAdhara haiM / aura paMDita zrAzAdharane apanI antima racanA (anagAradharmAmRta TIkA ) vi0 saM0 1300 meM samApta kI hai| ataH yadi isI avadhiko unakA antima kAla mAna liyA jAya to nAgadeva vi0 saM0 1300 ke pUrvake nahIM Thahara sakate / (2) zrI e. bevarako 1433 I0 kI likhI huI samyaktvakaumudIkI eka pANDulipi [hastalikhita prati prApta huI thii| yadi isa pratiko nAgadevake 27 veM varSa meM bhI likhita mAna liyA jAya to bhI unakA zrAvirbhAva kAla vikramakI caudahavIM zatIke pUrvArddhase AgekA nahIM baiThatA / nAgadevake samayakA yaha eka saMketamAtra hai| puSTa nirNaya bhaviSyameM saMcita sAmagrIke AdhAra para ho skegaa| 1 - 'madana-parAjaya' kI prastAvanA zloka 1-5 / 2 - 'e hisTrI Apha iNDiyana kalacara' (dvitIya bhAga), pR0 saM0 541kI TippaNI - - - - 376
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa zrI jyotiprasAda jaina ema0 e0, elaela0 bI0 svAmIkI mahattA - 1 bhagavAna mahAvIrake pazcAdvartI samasta jainAcAryoM meM samantabhadrasvAmIkA Asana aneka dRSTiyoM se sarvocca hai / unake paravartI aneka digambara zvetAmbara jaina - ajaina prakhyAta evaM pramANika vidvAnoMne unakI advitIya pratibhA, gaMbhIra-sUkSmaprajJatA, prabhAvaka kavitva zakti, anupama tArkikatA vAgmitA unake dvArA kiye gaye anekAntAtmaka jinendrake zAsanake sarvatomukhI utkarSakI muktakaMThase prazaMsA kI hai / ve sAhitya ke marmajJa tathA unake kArya kalApoMse suparicita evaM prabhAvita diggaja, zreSTha AcAryoM dvArA 'bhadramUrti, eka mAtra bhadra prayojanake dhAraka, kavIndra bhAsvAna, vAdiyoM vAgmiyoM kaviyoM evaM gamako meM sarvazreSTha, mahAna evaM Adya stutikAra, syAdvAda mArgAgraNI, syAdvAda vidyAke guru tathA adhipati, sAkSAta syAdvAda zarIra, vAdimukhya, kalikAla gaNadhara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke tIrthakI sahasraguNI vRddhi karanevAle, jinazAsana praNetA, evaM sAkSAt bhAratabhUSaNa aise vizeSaNoMse sambodhita kiye gaye haiM / pro0 rAmAsvAmI AyaMgarake zabdoM meM, 'yaha spaSTa hai ki vaha ( svAmI samantabhadra ) jaina dharma ke eka mahAna pracAraka the / jinhoMne jaina siddhAntoM aura AcAra vicAroMke dUra dUra taka prasAra karane kA satata prayatna kiyA, aura jahAM kahIM bhI vaha gaye anya sampradAyavAle unakA tanika bhI virodha na kara sake / ' apane isa kArya meM 've sadaiva mahAbhAgyazAlI rahe / zravaNabelagola zilAlekha 105 ke anusAra 'unake vyAkhyAna sarvArtha pratipAdaka syAdvAda vidyA ke anupama prakAzase tribhuvanako prakAzita karate haiM / aura unakI AptamImAMsA syAdvAda siddhAntakI sarvAdhika pramANika vyAkhyA hai / mi0 eDavarDa pI0 rAisane likhA hai ki 'vaha samasta bhAratavarSa meM jainadharma ke atyanta pratibhAzAlI vAdI aura mahAna pracAraka the aura unhoMne syAdvAda rUpa jaina siddhAntako parama prabhAvaka dRr3hatAke sAtha UMcA uThAye rakkhA / " bambaI gajeTiyarake 1. 'svAmI samantabhadra'-- guNAdi paricaya prakaraNa | 2 sA. iNDi. ja. pR0 29-31 / 3 I. pI. rAisakRta kanArI sAhityakA itihAsa / 380
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa vidvAna sampAdaka ke zabdoM meM-- "dakSiNa bhAratameM samantabhadrakA udaya na kevala digambara paramparAke itihAsa meM varan saMskRta sAhityake itihAsa meM bhI eka mahAna yuga pravartanakA sUcaka hai / " prasiddha vidvAna muni jinavijayajIke kathanAnusAra -- "ye jainadharma ke mahAna prabhAvaka aura samartha saMrakSaka mahAtmA haiM, inhoMne mahAvIrake sUkSma siddhAntoMkA uttama sthitIkaraNa kiyA, aura bhaviSya meM honevAle pratipakSiyoM ke karkaza tarka prahArase jaina darzanako akSuNNa rakhaneke lie amogha zaktizAlI pramANa zAstrakA sudRr3ha saMkalana kiyA / " vastutaH, svAmI samantabhadra jaina vAGamaya kSitijake pUrNa bhAsamAna aMzumAlI haiM, kisI bhI anya vidvAnase unakI tulanA karanA sUryako dIpaka sama kahanA hai / bhAratIya saMskRti, darzana aura sAhitya ko unakI dena nirAlI evaM mahatvapUrNa haiM / aise mahAna AcArya hote hue bhI ve itane ahaMbhAva zUnya the ki unakI svayaMkI kRtiyoMse unake saMbaMdhakA prAyaH kucha bhI itivRtta prApta nahIM hotaa| unakA samaya bhI abhI taka eka prakArase anirNIta samajhA jAtA hai / paM0 jugalakizorajI mukhtAra bhI bahuta UhApoha karaneke pazcAt isI niSkarSa para pahuMca sake haiM, ki "samantabhadra ke yathArtha samaya ke sambandhameM koI jaMcI tulI eka bAta nahIM kahI jA sakatI / phira bhI itanA to sunizcita hai ki samantabhadra vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatI se pIche athavA IsvI san 450 ke bAda nahIM hue, aura na ve vikramakI pahalI zatIke hI vidvAna mAlUma hote haiM - ve pahalI se pAMcavIM zatIke antarAlameM kisI samaya hue haiM / sthUla rUpase vicAra karane para hameM samantabhadra vikrama kI prAyaH dUsarI yA tIsarI zatIke vidvAna mAlUma hote haiM / parantu nizcaya pUrvaka abhI yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / " prajJAcakSu paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI ne bhI prAyaH isI matakA samarthana ina zabdoM meM kiyA hai - "yadi hamArA anumAna ThIka hai to ye donoM granthakAra ( svAmI samantabhadra aura siddhasena divAkara ) vikramakI chaThI zatIse pUrva hI hue haiN| aura AcArya pUjyapAda dvArA kiye gaye ina donoM stutikAroMke ullekhoM kI vAstavikatA ko dekhate hue yaha nitAnta saMbhava pratIta hotA hai ki ye donoM granthakAra pUjyapAdake pUrvavartI the aura ina donoMkI racanAoMkA pUjyapAdakI kRtiyoMpara atyadhika prabhAva par3A thA / kintu, bAda meM unhoMne samantabhadra saMbaMdhI apane isa matameM yakAyaka parivartana kara diyA jaisA ki 'akalaGkagranthatraya' ke prAkkathanameM Aye - " aneka vidha UhApoha ke bAda mujhako aba ati saSTa ho gayA hai ki ve ( samantabhadra ) 'pUjyapAda devanandI' ke pUrva to hue hI nahIM / pUjyapAda ke dvArA stuta Apta ke samarthana 1 bo. gajeTiyara bhA. 1, bha. 2 pR0 406 / 2 'siddhasena divAkara aura svAmI samantabhadra' jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka, bhA0 1, aMka 1, pR0 6 / 3 svAmI samantabhadra pR0 196 / 4 sammatitarka kI aMgrejI bhUmikA pR0 63 / 381
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha meM hI unhoMne prAptamImAMsA likhI hai....adhika saMbhava to yaha hai ki samantabhadra aura akalaGkake bIca sAkSAta vidyAkA saMbaMdha ho / digambara paramparAmeM svAmI samantabhadrake bAda turanta hI akalaMka Aye" se spaSTa hai / aura ye akalaMkako, haribhadra yAkinI (700-770 I0) ke samakAlIna mAnate haiM / uparyukta kathanakI puSTi karate hue nyAya kumudacandra bhAga 2 ke prAkkathanameM likhA hai- "jaba yaha nirvivAda siddha ho jAtA hai ki samantabhadra pUjyapAdake bAda kabhI hue haiN| aura yaha to siddha hI hai ki samantabhadra kI kRti ke Upara sarva prathama vyAkhyA akalaMkakI hai, taba itanA mAnanA ho gA ki agara samantabhadra aura akalaMkameM sAkSAt guru-ziSya bhAva na bhI rahA ho taba bhI unake bIcameM samayakA koI vizeSa antara nahIM ho sktaa| isa dRSTise samantabhadrakA astitva vikramakI sAtavIM zatIkA amuka bhAga ho sakatA hai|" Age lekhaka isa bAtapara Azcarya prakaTa karate haiM ki yadi pUjyapAda samantabhadrake uttaravartI hote to yaha kaise ho sakatA thA ki ve "samantabhadra kI asAdhAraNa kRtiyoMkA kisI aMzameM sparza bhI na kreN|" saMdhavI jI ke zabdoMmeM hI lekhaka (paM0 mahendra kumAra nyAyAcArya ) ne mere saMkSipta lekhakA vizada aura sabala bhASya karake yaha abhrAnta rUpase sthira kiyA hai ki svAmI samantabhadra pUjyapAdake uttaravartI haiN| isa prakAra mukhtAra sAhaba dvArA nirNIta svAmI samantabhadrake samaya sambaMdhI pracalita mAnyatA ( IsAkI dUsarI zatI) ke viruddha eka navIna mata sAmane AtA hai| isa mAnyatAkA mUlAdhAra yaha batAyA jAtA hai ki samantabhadrane apane devAgama (AptamImAMsA) kI racanA pUjyapAdakI savArthasiddhi ke maGgala zlokaparase kI hai, aisA vidyAnandake aSTasahasrIgata eka kathanase pratIta hotA hai, ataH samantabhadra pUjyapAdake uttaravartI haiM / isa praznako lekara 'mokSamArgasya netAraM', 'tattvArthasUtrakA maMgalAcaraNa' Adi zIrSakoMse vidvAnoMke bIca kaI lekhoM dvArA lambA zAstrArtha calA thA / pariNAma yaha haA ki navIna mAnyatA sthira na ho sakI kyoMki AcArya vidyAnandakI mAnyatAko sandehakI dRSTise dekhA jAne lagA hai aura usakA AdhAra khojA jAne lagA hai| navIna mAnyatAke samarthakoMko anubhava huA ki vidyAnandake sAmane ukta maMgala zlokako umAsvAmikRta mAnane ke lie koI spaSTa pUrvaparamparA nahIM thI, unhoMne akalaMkakI aSTazatIke eka vAkyase apanI bhrAntadhAraNA banA lI thI, usake pUrvApara sambandhapara ThIka vicAra nahIM kiyA thA / isIse aSTasahasrIke ukta vAkyakA sIdhA artha na karake ulaTA artha kiyA gayA hai |is prakAra navIna mAnyatAkA mUlAdhAra hI naSTa ho jAnese arthAt 'mokSamArgasya netAraM' ityAdi maGgala zlokake pUjyapAdakRta na hokara umAsvAmIkRta siddha ho jAnese svAmI samantabhadrake pUjyapAdake pUrvavartI rahate hue bhI ukta zlokako lekara apane devAgamakI racanA karane meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| 1 akalaGka granthatraya prAkkathana, pR08-9 / 2 nyAyakumudacandra, bhA. 2, prAkkathana, pR0 17 / 3 anekAnta varSa 5, jaina siddhAnta bhAskara 1942 / 382
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa navIna matakA bIja bote samaya "samantabhadrakI kRtiyoMpara sarvaprathama vyAkhyA akalaMka ne kI ataH ve akalaMka ke nitAnta nikaTa pUrvavartI hone hI cAhiye" yukti dI gayI thii| kintu isI tarkakA siddhasena divAkarapara prayoga kIjiye / divAkarajIke sarvaprathama vyAkhyAkAra siddharSi ( nyAyAvatArake ) aura abhayadevasUri ( sanmatitarkake ) haiM jinakA samaya 10-11vIM zatI I0 hai, ataH divAkarajI bhI 10-11vIM zatIke Asa pAsake vidvAna ho sakate haiM aisA mAnanA caahiye| kintu DA. harmana jaikobI tathA zrI vaidya dvArA kalyANamandirakI racanAke arvAcInatva tathA siddhasena divAkarakRta na hone meM 14-15vIM zatIke bAdakI TIkAoMkI yukti diye jAnepara usakA sadala-bala prativAda karate hue kahA gayA ki prAcIna TIkA upalabdha na honese yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki vaha stotra bhI prAcIna nahIM hai' ! siddhasena divAkarakI kRti mAnane ke liye pracalita dvAtriMzaMkAoMko 10vIM yA 11 vIM zatIse pUrvakA koI pramANa aura sanmatitarkake lie sarvaprathama pramANa bhI AThavIM zatIse pUrvakA upalabdha nahIM hai / tathApi siddhasena divAkarako pAMcavIM yA chaThI zatIke bAdakA vidvAn kadApi nahIM mAnanAAMcAhate haiM / phalataH svAmIko pUjyapAdakA uttaravartI batAnA svayameva nissAra ho jAtA hai| kucha samayase, prAcIna vyaktiyoMkA samaya nirdhAraNa karanemeM eka vizeSa zailIkA prayoga bahulatA se hone lagA hai, vizeSakara naiyAyikoM dvArA / isa zailImeM vibhinna vyaktiyoMke nAmase prasiddha upalabdha kRtiyoMkA tulanAtmaka antaHparIkSaNa karake zabda aura vicAra sAmyake AdhArapara jJAta samaya vyakti ke sAtha vicAraNIya vyakti kA yogapadya athavA samakAlInatA sthApita karake unako pUrvApara vidvAna ghoSita kara diyA jAtA hai| pradhAna aitihAsika sAdhanoM, purAtattvAdi zilAlekhIya AdhAra, samakAlIna athavA nikaTavartI sAhityagata ullekha, tatkAlIna aitihAsika abhilekha, ghaTanA cakra, paristhitiyAM tathA uttarakAlIna likhita evaM maukhika anuzruti, Adike vaijJAnika vizleSaNa aura samanvayake pazcAta jo tathya upalabdha hoM unakI puSTi meM isa naiyAyika zailIkA upayoga bhale hI kiyA jAya, kintu mAtra yahI sAdhana ukta sabakA sthAna lene yA khaMDana karanemeM sarvathA aparyApta evaM asamartha hai| svAmI samantabhadrake tathA usI prakAra kundakundAdi anya AcAyoMke samayake sambaMdhameM bAdhAeM uThAkara vivakSita samayakI khIMcAtAnoke jo prayatna kiye jAte haiM una sabakA AdhAra prAyaH yahI naiyAyika zailI hai / svAmI samantabhadrake samayakI puSTa sAmagrI svAmI samantabhadrake samaya para jo pramANa mahatvapUrNa prakAza DAlate haiM, ve nimna prakAra haiM1-IsvI sanke prathama sahasrImeM vaidika, jaina tathA bauddha tArkika dArzanika vidvAnoMne bhArata bhUmikA gaurava 1 sanmatitarka bhUmikA pR0 52 para ttippnn| 2 , , pR0 42 / 383
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bar3hAyA hai / parasparake mantavyoMkA jora zorake sAtha khaMDana maMDana kiyA hai| inameM sarva prathama tArkika jaina vidvAna svAmI samantabhadra the aura unakI prasiddha 'AptamImAMsA' para abataka kI jJAta evaM upalabdha sarva prathama vyAkhyA akalaMkadevakI 'aSTazatI' hai| usase pUrva koI anya TIkA yA vyAkhyA samantabhadra ke granthoM para racI gayI yA nahIM yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / akalaMkadevakA samaya isAkI 7 vI 8vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| IsvI sanke prAraMbhase akalaMkake samaya taka vaidika bauddhAdi ajaina naiyAyikoMmeM sarva prasiddha vidvAna, kramAnusAra nAgArjuna, diGanAga, bhartRhari, kumArila aura dharmakIrti haiN| AcArya samantabhadrake granthoMkA ina vidvAnoMkI kRtiyoMke sAtha tulanAtmaka antaHparIkSaNa karane para yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kisakA kisapara kitanA prabhAva par3A / nyAyakumudacandra. bhAga 1 ko prastAvanA, 'samantabhadra aura diGanAgameM pUrvavartI kauna' ? tathA 'nAgArjuna aura samantabhadra' Adise yaha nirvivAda phalita ho jAtA hai ki prasiddha mImAMsaka kumArila aura bauddha tArkika dharmakIrti (635-650 I0) akalaMkake jyeSTha samakAlIna the / akalaMkakA samaya 620-680 I0 nirNita hotA hai / DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye bhI prAyaH usIkA samarthana karate haiM / kumArilane apane granthoMmeM samantabhadrake aneka mantavyoMkA khaMDana kiyA hai| dharmakIrtine bhI samantabhadra ke kitane hI mantavyoMko khaMDana kiyA jinakA sabala pratyuttara akalaMkane apane 'nyAyavinizcaya' meM diyA / 'zabdAdvaita' ke pratiSThAtA aura 'skoTavAda' ke puraskartA bhartRhari I0 kI chaThI zatIke vidvAna haiM / dharmakIrti, akalaMka aura kumArila Adine unakA joroMke sAtha khaMDana kiyA hai / yadi samantabhadra bhartRharike uttaravartI hote to unake ina krAntikArI vAdoMkA khaMDana kiye vinA na rahate, kintu unakI kRtiyoMmeM inakI kucha bhI carcA nahIM miltii| prasiddha bauddhadarzana zAstrI diGanAgakA samaya 345-425 I0 mAnA jAtA hai / ye pUjyapAda ( lagabhaga 450-525 I0 ) ke bhI pUrvavartI the, pUjyapAdane diGnAgake katipaya padyoMkA nirdeza bhI kiyA hai| diGnAgakI racanAoMpara samantabhadrakA gambhIra evaM spaSTa prabhAva hai ataH ve dignAgake pUrvavartI arthAt san 345 I0 se pUrva ke vidvAna hI Thaharate haiM / 'zUnyavAda'ke puraskartA bauddha vidvAna nAgArjuna (san 181 I0 ) dUsarI zatI ke vidvAna hai| inake 'mAdhyamikA' 'vigrahavyAvartanI' 'yuktiSaSThikA' Adi granthoMkI samantabhadrakI tArkika racanAoMke sAtha tulanA karanese yaha spaSTa ho 1 anekAnta, va. 5, vi. 12, pR0383. mANikacandra di, jaina graMthamAlA babaI dvArA prakAzita / anekAnta va. 7, kiM0 1-2. pR0 10. 2 nyAya. kuncaM.-bhA. 2, prastAvanA pR0 205 / 3 'ananta vIrya ke samaya para DA0 pAThaka mata' (e. bha. o, ri. i. pUnA) 4 tattva saMgrahako bhUmikA pR. 73 / / 5 tavasaMgraha bhUmikA pR0 68 / 384
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa jAtA hai ki ye donoM vidvAn avazya hI samakAlIna rahe, samantabhadrakI kRtiyoMmeM unakA sAkSAt prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai| ___2. zvetAmbarAcArya malayagirine svAmI samantabhadrakA 'Adya stutikAra' nAmase, hemacaMdrAcAryane 'mahAn stutikAra' ke rUpameM aura haribhadrasUri ( 700-770 I0) ne 'vAdimukhya' ke nAmase sasammAna ullekha kiyA hai / zvetAmbara paramparAmeM sarvamAnya Adya evaM mahAn stutikAra aura vAdimukhya siddhasenadivAkara haiM / uparyukta sabhI vidvAna divAkara jIkI pratibhA aura kArya-kalApoMse suparicita the, phira bhI unhoMne eka digambarAcAryake lie jo ye viziSTa vizeSaNa prayukta kiye haiM inase dhvanita hotA hai ki ve akhaMDa jaina paramparAkI dRSTise samantabhadrako hI 'AdyastutikAra' Adi ke rUpa meM mAnate aura jAnate the / hAM, kevala zvetAmbara paramparAmeM vaha sthAna divAkarajI ko hI prApta thA / isase pratIta hotA hai ki siddhisena divAkara saMbaMdhI dantakathAoM ke pracalita aura 13 vI 14 vIM zatI I0 meM lipi vaddha honeke pUrva' prAcIna zvetAmbara vidvAn samantabhadrako siddhasena divAkarakA pUrvavartI hI mAnate the / 'sanmatitarka' kI vistRta bhUmikAmeM donoM tArkika stutikAroMkI kRtiyoM kI tulanA kI gayI hai / usase jJAta hotA hai ki bhASA, bhAva aura zailIkI dRSTise siddhasena divAkarapara samantabhadrAcAryakA bhArI prabhAva par3A hai, divAkara jI kI kRtiyoMmeM samantabhadra kA yaha trividha anukaraNa aneka sthaloM para dRSTigocara hotA hai / itanA hI nahIM samantabhadra ke uttaravartI diGanAgakA bhI siddhasenapara pratyakSa prabhAva par3A jisakA samAdhAna saMbhava hai una donoM para kisI tIsare hI eka pUrvAcArya kA prabhAva par3A ho' kahakara kiyA gayA hai / DA0 jaikobI aura zrI pI0 ela0 vaidyakI to yaha dRr3ha dhAraNA hai ki siddhasenapara dharmakIrtikA bhI spaSTa prabhAva par3A hai ataH vaha unake sarva prathama ullekha kartA jinadAsagaNi mahattara (676 I0 ) aura dharmakIrti (635-650 I.) ke bIca kisI samaya hue haiN| sanmatitarkakI uparyukta bhUmikAmeM unakA nizcita samaya; vikramakI 5 vIM zatIkA AdhAra; lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa pIche pracalita AkhyAyikAoMkI sAkSI dvArA sUcita ujjainIke vikramAdityase sambandha rahA hai / yataH ye vikramAditya vikrama saMvatke pravartaka Adi-vikrama ( san 57 I0 pUrva ) to ho hI nahIM sakate, guptavaMzI vikramAditya candragupta dvi0 (376-414 I0) yA unake pautra skaMdagupta vikramAditya ( 455-467 I0), aura saMbhavatayA skaMdagupta hI ho sakate haiM / DA0 satIzacandra vi0 bhU0 ne isI AdhAra para unheM mAlaveke hUNAri vikramAditya yazodharmadeva (530 I0) kA samakAlIna mAnA hai 2 / bAdameM isa matakA parivartana kara diyA hai aura aba "siddhasena IsAkI chaThI yA sAtavIM 1. prabhAvakacaritra, prabaMdhakoza, Adi / vAstava meM siddhasenadivAkarake nAmase pracalita 'dvAtri zaMkAoM 'sanmatitarka' aura 'nyAyAvatArake tulanAtmaka antaHparIkSaNase yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA ki ve sabhI kRtiyAM kisI eka vyakti aura kAla kI nahIM ho sktiiN| kamase kama vibhinna kAlIna tIna vyaktiyoM kI racanAeM honI caahiye| 2. nyAyAvatAra bhUmikA pR03| 385 '46
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha sadI meM hue hoM aura unhoMne sambhavataH dharma kIrttike granthoMko dekhA ho " mAnA hai| jJAna aura darzanopayoga viSayaka digambara mAnyatA bhI isakI samarthaka hai / kundakunda, samantabhadra, pUjyapAdAdi ke matase vaha 'yaugapadya vAda' hai kintu zvetAmbara AgamoM meM 'kramavAda kI sUcanA hai, jo devarddhigaNI dvArA AgamoMke saMkalana ( 453 I0 ) ke pazcAt hI astitvameM AyI aura bhadrabAhu ( 550 I0 ) dvArA niyuktiyoM meM spaSTa kI gayo tathA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ( 588 I0) dvArA yugapat - vAdake khaMDana tathA maMDanAtmaka yuktiyoM se puSTa huii| isI kAraNa jinabhadragaNi hI uttarakAlIna vidvAnoM dvArA ukta 'kramavAda' ke puraskarttA kahe gaye haiM / siddhasenadivAkarane apane 'sanmatitarka' meM 'yugapata' tathA 'krama' donoM pakSoMkA sabala khaNDana karake jJAna aura darzana upayogoMkA 'abheda' hI sthApita nahIM kiyA varana matizruti tathA avadhi- mana:paryaya kA bhI abhinnatva siddha kiyA, jisakA samantabhadra aura pUjyapAdakI kRtiyoM meM koI jikra nahIM, kintu akalaMka Adi vidvAnoMne isa abhedavAdakA joroMke sAtha khaMDana kiyA / isa saba vivecanase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki siddhasena samantabhadrake hI paryApta uttaravartI nahIM the / balki diGnAga aura pUjyapAda ke bahuta pIche hue aura dharmakIrtti, akalaMka Adi ke prAyaH samakAlIna vidvAna the / itanA sunizcita hai ki samantabhadra ke samaya ko Age khIMca lAnekA jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai vaha nirAdhAra evaM nirarthaka hai / samantabhadrane yugapatvAdakA paramparAgata pratipAdana to kiyA kintu zvetAmbarIya kramavAdakA ullekha taka nahIM kiyA, ataH unakA AgamoMke saMkalana ( 450 I0 ) se pUrva honA svayaM siddha hai / 3. digambara vidvAnoMmeM akalaMkadeva ( 620 - 680 I0 ) to samantabhadra ke jJAta sarvaprathama vyAkhyAkAra haiM hI, unase pUrva devanandi pUjyapAda ( 450 -520 I0 ) ne, jo avinIta koMgar3ike putra durvinIta gaMga (482 - 515 I0 ) ke guru the, samantabhadrakA apane jainendra vyAkaraNameM spaSTa nAmollekha kiyA hai / aura jaisA ki 'sarvArthasiddhipara samantabhadrakA prabhAva " lekhase spaSTa hai, pUjyapAdakI mahAnatama kRtipara samantabhadrakI AptamImAMsA yuktatyAnuzAsana, svayaMbhUstotra, tathA ratnakaraMDazrAvakAcAra kA spaSTa gambhIra prabhAva hai / ataH ve nirvivAda rUpase pUjyapAdake pUrvavartI the / 4. samantabhadrakI prAcInatA meM eka anya sAdhaka kAraNa unakI kRtiyoMmeM jainamuni saMghakI prAcIna vanavAsa 4 prathAkA ullekha hai jisakA vivecana 'ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcArakI prAcInatApara abhinava prakAza 1 nyAya ku0 caM0 bhA0 2 prastAvanA pR0 37 tathA 'jJAnabindu' bhUmikA pR0 60 / 2 'catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya ' -- jainendra s0 5-4-140 / 3 anekAnta, va. 5 ki. 10-11, pR. 345 / 4 ratnakaraM DA0 ilo. 147 / paM. premIjIkRta jainasAhitya, aura itihAsa, pR. 347 / 5 jaina siddhAMta bhAskara, bhAga 13 ki. 2, pR. 119, ( paM. darabArIlAla nyAyAcArya kA lekha ) 386
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa zIrSaka nibandhameM aura vizeSataH ukta lekha ke 'ratnakaraMDa meM apane samayakI eka aitihAsika paramparAkA samullekha' prakaraNa antargata kiyA gayA hai| svAmIne caityavAsa prathAkA kahIM saMketa bhI nahIM kiyA hai| markarA tAmrapatra ' (zaka 388 = 466IM0) AdhArapara digambara AmnAyameM caityAvAsakA prArambha pAMcavI zatI vi0se huA hai / isa kathana kI puSTipahAr3apura ra tAmrapatra ( 479 I0 ) se bhI hotI hai, balki pahAr3apura tAmrapatrase to yahI sUcita hotA hai ki usameM kathita jaina vihAra lagabhaga 400 I0 se sthApita thA / ataH kamase kama usI samayase caityavAsakA prAraMbha samajhanA cAhiye / isake atirikta samantabhadra ke svayaMbhUstotra (padya 128 - AriSTanemi 0 ) meM Urjayanta athavA giranAra parvatapara usa samaya bhI aneka tapodhana muniyoMke nivAsa karanekA AMkhoM dekhA jaisA ullekha hai, aura unake isa kathana kI puSTi abhayarudrasiMha prathama ( 150 - 197 I0 ) ke girinagara kI candraguphAvAle prasiddha lekhase acchI taraha ho jAtI hai tathA dhavalAdi graMthoM evaM zrutAvatAroMke prathama zatI ke anta meM girinagara guhA nivAsI dharasenAcArya saMbaMdhI kathAnakase bhI usakA pUrA samarthana hotA hai / 5. san 1077 I0ke 'humacca paMcavasati' zilAlekhameM jainAcAyoMkI paramparA dete hue samantabhadrAcAryake sambandhameM kahA hai ki 'unake vaMza (paramparA) meM siMhanandi AcArya hue jinhoMne gaMgarAjakA nirmANa kiyA / ina siMhanandi dvArA gaMgarAjyakI sthApanAkA samarthana aneka pramANoMse hotA hai, yathA- mahArAja avinIta (430 - 482 I0) kA 'kodanajarubu' dAnapatra, bhUvikrama zrIvallabhakA 'bedirUra' dAnapatra " (63435 I0 ), zivamAra prathama pRthvIkoMguNI ( 670 - 713 I0 ) kA khaMDita tAmrapatra 6, zrI puruSa muttarasa ( 726-776 I0 ) kA abhilekha, rAjA hastimallakA udayendirana' dAnapatra ( 920 I0 ), mahArAja mArasiMha guttiyagaMgake kuDalUra tAmrapatra ( 663 I0 ) / uparyukta pramANoMke atirikta prastuta ghaTanAkA sarvAdhika pUrNa evaM prazaMsanIya vRttAnta maisUra prAntastha zimogA aura hubalI ke antargata kallUraguDDA ke siddhezvara maMdirake nikaTa prApta 1922 I0 ke zilAlekha se upalabdha hotA hai / san 1926 I0 tathA san 1986 I0 ke do anya zilAlekhoMse tathA gomaTTasArakI eka prAcIna TIkAke ullekhase bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai / isa prakAra isa ghaTanA aura tatsambandhI kathAnakakI aitihAsikatAko itihAsajJa vidvAnoMne nirvivAda rUpase svIkAra kara liyA hai| hAM, gaMga- rAjya sthApanA tathA uttaravartI gaMga narezoMke samaya saMbaMdha meM matabheda hai aura ukta vaMzakI kAlAnukramaNikA sunizcita rUpase abhI taka vyavasthita nahIM ho 1 salekTa insakRpzana bhA. 1 saM. 42 pR0 346 / 2 vahI 4. saM0 70 pR0 177 / 3 epI grAphikA karNA0 bhA. 7, saM0 46, pR0 139 tathA saM0 35, pR0 138 / 4 mai. Arke. ri. 1924 pR0 68 / 5 vahI 1925 pR0 857 / 6 vahI pR0 99 / 7 vahI 1621 pR0 21, sA. i. insa. bhA. 2, pR0 387 / 8 vahI pR0 19 / 9 epI. karNA. bhA. 7 . 4; pR 16, ityAdi / 387
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha pAyI hai / A0 siMhanandidvArA gaMgarAjya sthApanAkI tithi 340 I0 aura mAdhava prathamakA samaya 340-400 I01, 250 I0' athavA 250-283 I0 tathA 230 I03 anumAna kiye gaye haiN| tAmila itihAsa 'koMgudeza rAjakalla' meM yaha tithi san 188 I0 mAnI hai, aura zrI bI0 ela0 rAisane bhI 188 I0 hI mAnA hai aura mAdhava pra0 kA samaya 186-240 I0 diyA hai| bAdameM nAgamaMgala zilAlekhake AdhAra para unhoMne isa tithiko zaka 25 ( san 263 I0) anumAna kiyA thaa| dUsare vidvAnoMne bhI rAisa sAhabake prathama matako hI svIkAra kiyA hai| ___ AcArya siMhanandi dvArA dakSiNa karNATakameM gaMgabattar3i rAjyakI sthApanA I0 dUsarI zatIke anta (188-189 I0 ) meM huI thI isameM koI sandeha nahIM aura samantabhadra siMhanandike pUrvavatIM the yaha zilAlekha Adi AdhAroMse sunizcita hai| yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki una donoMke bIca atyalpa antara ho aura ve prAyaH samakAlIna bhI hoM / vastutaH, zravaNabelagola zi0 lekha na0 54 (67) ke AdhAra para luisa rAisake zabdoM meM-"unheM ( samantabhadrako ) unake turanta pazcAt ullikhita gurU siMhanandise atyalpa samayAntarako liye hue mAnakara, joki sarvathA svAbhAvika niSkarSa hai, dUsarI zatI I. ke uttarArdhameM huA sunizcita rUpase mAnA jA sakatA hai / " 6. DA0 sAlatorake anusAra tAmila dezameM dharmaprasAra karanevAle viziSTa jainaguruoMmeM samantabhadra, jinakA nAma jainaparamparAmeM suvikhyAta hai, prathama AcAryoMmeM se haiM / unakA samaya saMbhavatayA dUsarI zatI IsvI hai / yadyapi zvetAmbara 'vIra vaMzAvalI' ke AdhArapara rA. ba. hIrAlAlake matAnusAra ve vIra saM. 889 ( san 419 I0) meM, aura narasiMhAcAryake anusAra lagabhaga 400 I0 meM hone caahiye| kintu suparicita jaina ( diga.) anuzruti unakA samaya zaka 60 (138 I0) prakaTa karatI hai| rAisa bhI unheM dUsarI zatI I0 kA hI vidvAna mAnate haiN| ataH jaba hama 11 vIM se 16 vIM zatI takake dakSiNa dezastha vibhinna zilAlekhoMmeM dI huI jainaguru paramparAoMkI jAMca karate haiM to paramparAgata anuzruti vizvasanIya mAnanI par3atI hai| san 1126 ke zi0 lekhake anusAra bhadrabAhu (dvi0) kundakunda aura samantabhadra kramabAra hue / 1163 I0 ke zilAlekhameM kathana hai ki 'bhadrabAhuke vaMzameM kundakunda aparanAma padmanandi hue, tatpazcAt umAsvAmi athavA gRddhapicchAcArya hue jinake ziSya balAkapiccha 1 zrI bI0 pI0 kRSNarAva kRta 'gagAja opha talabATa pR0 32 / 2 zrI govinda pai, ka. hi. ri. bhA. 2 saM. 1,pR0 29 / 3 'maisUra eNDa' kurga. pR0 32 ! 4 sA. iNDi. ja. pR0 109 / 5prA0 rAmarakhAmI AyaMgarakA lekha mai. A. ri. 1921 pR028 / 6 keTalAga opha mainu . 11 m meM 'bhadra'ko samantabhadra mAnanekI bhUla kI gayI hai| 7 kavi carite. 1, pR04| 8 epI. karNA. bhA. 2--26 pR0 25 / 388
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa the / 'mahAna jainacAryoM kI aisI paramparAmeM samantabhadra hue "jinake pazcAt kAlAntarameM pUjyapAda hue| isI kathanakI punarAvRtti 1368 I. ke zi0 lekhameM milatI hai jisameM samantabhadra ke ziSya zivakoTi dvArA tattvArthasUtrako alaGkRta karanekA bhI ullekha hai| 1432 I0 kA zilAlekha bhI isakA akSarazaH samarthana karatA hai / aura padmAvatI basatike san 1560 I0 ke abhilekhase bhI isI bAtakI puSTi hotI hai / karNATaka sAhityake itihAsameM sarvaprathama nAma samantabhadrakA AtA hai usake pazcAt kavi parameSTIkA aura phira pUjyapAda kA / indranandi, brahmahema, vibudhazrIdhara, Adi racita vibhinna zrutAvatAroMmeM samantabhadrakA kundakundake alpa samaya pazcAt honA pAyA jAtA hai| dhavalAkAra svAmI vIrasena harivaMzakAra jinasena (783 I0) AdipurANakAra bhagavajinasenAcArya (780-840 I0) tathA anya aneka itihAsajJa vidvAnoMne samantabhadrakA kundakundake pazcAta tathA pUjyapAdase pUrva honA spaSTa siddha kiyA hai / ataH ina ekarasa pramANoMke sammukha isa viSayameM zaMkA karanekA koI kAraNa hI nahIM rhtaa| upalabdha pramANoMkA atyanta sAvadhAnatA pUrvaka vizada vivecana karake saba hI vidvAnoMne IsvI sankA prAraMbha kAla hI kundakundakA samaya mAnA hai / ataH yaha mAna lenA nirAdhAra athavA manamAnA nahIM hai ki kundakundake aura vizeSataH balAkapicchake turanta pazcAta tathA pUjyapAdake hI nahIM siMhanandike bhI pUrvavartI rUpase ullikhita samantabhadra dUsarI zatI IsvIke prathama pAdameM hue hoN| 7. svAmI samantabhadrako nizcita rUpase dUsarI zatI I0 meM sthira athavA usake bhItara hI unake samayako ThIka ThIka nirdhArita karane meM sarvAdhika sabala sAdhaka pramANa katipaya jJAta aitihAsika evaM bhaugolika tathyoMmeM haiM / ye itane spaSTa, vizeSatApUrNa evaM apratirUpa haiM ki inakA samaya dUsarI zatIke kucha dazakoMse bhI Age pIche nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / ve nimna prakAra haiM (1) zravaNabelagolastha daurbali jinadAsa zAstrIke bhaMDArameM saMgRhIta samantabhadra kRta 'AptamImAMsA' kI eka prAcIna tAr3apatrIya pratikA antima vAkya-"iti phaNimaMDalAlaMkArasyoragapurAdhipa sUnoH zrIsvAmI samantabhadramuneH kRtau prAptamImAMsAyAm' / " karNATaka dezasthita 'aSTasahasrI' kI eka prAcIna pratimeM milatA aisA hI vAkya "iti phaNimaMDalAlaMkArasyoragapurAdhipasUnunA (?) zAMti varmanAmnA zrIsamantabhadreNa" hai / tathA 'stutividyA' nAmaka alaGkAra pradhAna granthakA jisake anya nAma jinastutizataM, jinazataka tathA jinazatakAlaMkAra bhI haiM aura jisake kartA nirvivAda rUpase samantabhadra haiM' antima padya eka citrabaddha kAvya hai aura usakI chaha aura tathA nava valayavAlI citra racanAparase 'zAMtivarmakRtaM' tathA 'jinastutizataM' ye do pada upalabdha hote haiM jo kavi aura kAvyake nAmoM ke dyotaka haiM / (2) uttaravartI vidvAnoMne unheM "zrImUlasaMgha vyomnenduH" vizeSaNake sAtha smaraNa kiyA 1 svAmI samantabhadra pR04 / 2 svayaMbhUstotra-marAThI saMskaraNa bhUmikAgatapajinadAsa pAzvanAtha phaDakulekA kathana / 3 svAmI samantabhadra, pR06| 4 mahAkavi narasiMhakRta jinazataka TIkA / 386
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________________ varNI-abhinandana granthaM hai / 1 ( 3 ) unhoMne dhUrjaTi nAmaka kisI mahAna prasiddha prativAdIko vAda meM parAjita kiyA thA / ( 4 ) unakA kAMcI ( Adhunika kAMjIvaram ) ke sAtha apekSAkRta sthAyI evaM nikaTa saMbaMdha thA / brahmanemidattake kathAkoSameM tathA usase bhI prAcIna prabhAcandra ke gadya kathAkoSa meM do prAcInatara vAkya uddhRta kiye haiM jinake dvArA samantabhadrane kisI rAjAkI sabhA meM apanA kucha paricaya diyA thaa| unameM ve svayaM apane Apako "kAMcyAM nagnATako'haM" kahate haiM, zravaNabelagolake san 1926 I0 ke malliSeNaprazasti nAmaka zilAlekhase bhI unakA kAMcImeM jAnA prakaTa hai, aura 'rAjAbalikathe' se unakA uktanagara meM aneka bAra jAnA sUcita hotA hai / vahIM bhImaliMga zivAlaya meM AcAryakI prasiddha bhasmaka vyAdhike zAnta honekI ghaTanAkA kathana hai | brahmanemidatta ke anusAra unakI vyAdhi jaba kAMcImeM zAnta na ho sakI to usake zamanArtha vaha anyatra cale gaye / isa prakAra tAmila dezastha kAMcI nagarake sAtha unakA ghaniSTa saMbaMdha spaSTa hai / (5) apane jIvana kAla ke pUrvArdha meM AcAryako bhayaGkara bhasmaka vyAdhi ho gayI thI jisake kAraNa unheM gurukI AjJA se muniveSakA tyAga kara usake zamanakA upAya karanA par3A thA / antataH vaha vyAdhi zivakoTi rAjAke bhImaliMga zivAlaya meM zivArpita taMdulAnna ( 12 khaMDuga pramANa pratidina ) kA pAMca dinataka bhoga lagAnese zAnta huI / isI antarAlameM rAjAke dvArA zivaliMgako namaskAra karaneke lie Agraha karanepara unhoMne 'svayambhUstotra' ke rUpameM caturviMzati tIrthaGkaroMkI stutikI racanA kI thii| jisa samaya ve bhaktike prabala pravAhameM aSTama tIrthaGkara candraprabhukI stuti kara rahe the to zivaliGga phaTa gayA aura usameMse candraprabhu bhagavAnakI mUrti prakaTa huI / isa camatkAra se rAjA atyadhika prabhAvita huA aura jinadharmakA parama bhakta ho gayA / rAjAbalikatheke anusAra yaha ghaTanA kAMcImeM uparyukta donoM kathAkoSoMke anusAra bArANasImeM; senagaNakI paTTAvalIke anusAra navatiliGga dezake rAjA zivakoTike zivAlaya meM ghaTI thI / malliSeNa prazasti nAmaka zilAlekha meM yadyapi rAjAkA va nagarakA nAma nahIM diyA hai tathApi usase zeSa ghaTanAkI puSTi hotI hai 'vikrAntakaurava' nATakameM bhI zivakoTi aura zivAyana jo rAjabalikatheke anusAra zivakoTikA choTA (bhAI thA ) ke svAmI samantabhadrake ziSya honekA ullekha hai / nagara tAlUkAke zilAlekha na0 35 tathA zra0 be0 go0 zilAlekha na0 105 (254) bhI zivakoTiko unakA ziSya sUcita karate haiM / devAgamakI vasunandi vRttike maMgalAcaraNake 'bhettAraM vastupAlabhAvatamaso' padase bhI svAmI dvArA kisI nareza ke bhAvAndhakArako dUra kiyA jAnA dhvanita hotA hai / rAjAbalikathemeM isa prasaMga meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki bhImaliMga zivAlayakI ghaTanAse prabhAvita hokara mahArAja zivakoTine apane putra zrIkaMThako rAjyakA bhAra sauMpakara bhAI zivAyana sahita jinadIkSA le lI thii| isI pustaka meM yaha bhI kathana hai ji AcAryakI yaha vyAdhi usa samaya utpanna huI thI jaba ve 'maNuvakahallI ' grAma meM tapazcaraNa kara rahe the / 1 hastimallakRta- 'vikrAntakaurava' tathA ayyapArtakRta jinendra kalyANAbhyudaya / 2 malliSeNa prazAsti tathA zi0 le0 na0 90 360
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa ( 6 ) uparyukta vRttAntoMse spaSTa ki pracaMDavAdI samantabhadra vibhinna dUrastha pradezoM aura prasiddha nagaroMmeM dharma pracArArtha gaye aura unhoMne usa samayakI prathAke anusAra nizzaMka bhAvase vAdabheriyeM bajA kara vikhyAta vAda-sabhAoM aura rAjasabhAoM meM prativAdiyoMko parAsta kiyaa| vidyA evaM dArzanikatA meM agraNI vArANasI nagarI ( banArasa ) ? ke rAjyadarabArameM jAkara unhoMne lalakArA thA 1 " he rAjan maiM nirgantha jaina vAdI hU N / jisa kisImeM zakti ho vaha mere sammukha Akara vAda kare / " zravaNabelagolake uparyukta zi. lekhake anusAra AcAryane 'asaMkhya vIra yoddhAoMse yukta' vidyAke utkaTa sthAna tathA bahujana saMkula karahATaka nagara'kI rAjyasabhAmeM pahuMca kara rAjAko batAyA thA ki kisa prakAra ve 'apratidvandI nirbhaya zArdUlakI vAdArtha vibhinna dUrastha dezoMmeM bhramaNa karake sudUra kAMcI hote hue usake nagarameM padhAre the / prakR brahmanemidattake ArAdhanAkathAkoSa tathA rAjAbalikathemeM bhI pAyA jAtA hai / kintu rAjAbalikathemeM isakA rUpAntara huA hai arthAt 'prApto'haM karahATaka' ke sthAna meM vahAM 'karNATe karahATake' pada hai / aura bhI do eka zabda-bheda haiM kintu ve mahatvake nahIM haiN| ArAdhanAkathAkoSa meM isa padyase pUrva 'kAMcyAM nagnATa'kohaM' vAlA eka anya padma diyA huA hai jisameM unake lAmbuza, puNDU, dazapura, tathA vArANasI meM bhI vAdArtha jAnekA ullekha hai, sAtha hI sAtha yaha bhI sUcita hotA hai ki ve mUlataH kAMcI pradezake nagna digambara sAdhU the, lAmbuzameM 'malinatana pAMDuvarNa zarIra' ke tapasvI the, puNDra purameM zAkya bhikSuke rUpa meM rahe, dazapura nagara meM mRSTabhojI vaiSNava parivrAjaka ke rUpameM rahe aura vArANasImeM candra sama ujjvala kAntike dhAraka yogirAja ke rUpameM rhe| isa padyameM ullikhita vivaraNase kathAkArakA abhiprAya; jo unake anyatra kathanase spaSTa ho jAtA hai, yaha hai ki vyAdhikAla meM AcArya ina vibhinna dezoM meM ukta bhinna bhinna rUpoM meM rahe the / rAjAke uparyukta upalabdha tathyoM kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki 've phANimaMDalake antargata uragapura nagarake putra zAntivarmA the| muni avasthAkA nAma samantabhadra thaa| kAMcI pradezameM hI unakA prAraMbhika adhyayana adhyApana tathA adhikAMza rahanA huA / ataH 'kAMcIke digambarAcArya' ke nAmase ve sarvatra prasiddha the / hallI nAmaka sthAnameM kucha dina raha kara unhoMne tapazcaraNa Adi kiyA, vahAM isa prakAra rahate hue apane muni jIvanake pUrvArdha meM hI kisI samaya ve mahA bhayaGkara bhasmaka rogake zikAra hue jisase unakI muniyA meM bar3I bAdhA utpanna huii| unhoMne lAcAra hokara samAdhimaraNakA irAdA kiyA, kintu unake gurune unheM dIrghAyu, atyanta yogya pratibhAzAlI evaM Age calakara jinazAsanakI mahatI vRddhi karane vAlA jAnakara usa irAde se vimukha kiyA aura asthAyI rUpase rogakI zAnti taka usake zamanakA upAya karane ke lie muniveSa tyAganekI AjJA dI / ataH muniveSa tyAga unhoMne rogakI ora dhyAna diyA aura 1 'rAjan yasyAsti zaktiH sa vadatu purato jainanigrandhavAdI' - brahmanemidatta ArAdhanAkathAkoSa tathA svAmI samantabhadra pR0 32 / - 361
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha usake zamanArtha zivabhakta zivakoTI rAjAke bhImaliGga zivAlayameM pahuMce vahAM zivArpita naivedya-12 khaMDuka pramANa taMdulAnna-ko ziva dvArA grahaNa karA denekA adhikAriyoMko AzvAsana dekara use svayaM udarArpaNa karane lage / aisA karate karate pAMca dinameM roga zAnta ho gayA, kintu aba zivArpita naivedya bacane lagA aura unakA bheda khula gyaa| rAjAne parIkSArtha inheM zivako namaskAra karaneko vAdhya kiyaa| usa samaya inhoMne bhaktipUrNa svayambhUstotrakI racanA kI / inakI jinendra ke prati dRr3ha evaM vizuddha bhaktike atizayase stuti ke bIcameM zivaliMgake sthAnameM candraprabhu jinendrakI pratimA prakaTa huI aura inhoMne use namaskAra kiyaa| rAjA Adi samasta darzaka ati prabhAvita hue| taba AcAryane apanA rahasya kholA aura dharmakA upadeza diyA / svayaM phirase munidIkSA dhAraNa kara lI / inake prabhAvase rAjA bhI inakA tathA inake dharmakA parama bhakta ho gayA / isake pazcAt AcAryane uttara dakSiNa, pUrva pazcima samasta bhAratameM dharma pracArArtha bhramaNa karake dhUrjaTi jaise aneka tatkAlIna zaiva, vaiSNava, bauddha, Adi mahAnvAdiyoM para vijaya prApta kI aura jainadharmakA sarvatomukha utkarSa kiyA / vAdArtha jina viziSTa sthAnoMmeM ve gaye unameM pATaliputra (pUrvastha ), mAlava, Thakka (paMjAba ), sindhu, kAMcIpura, saMbhavatayA vidizA bhI the / inake atirikta lAmbuza, puNDravardhana ( baMgade zastha ), dazapura, aura vArANasI (banArasa ) meM bhI unakA jAnA aura vAda karanA pAyA jAtA hai / karahATakake narezakI rAjyasabhAse unakA vyaktigatasA saMbaMdha pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki ukta rAjAko sambodhana karake apanI vAdavijaya evaM bhramaNa saMbaMdhI vRttAnta isa prakAra sunAte haiM ki mAnoM apanI kArya sampannatAkA vRttAnta kisI AtmIyako sunA rahe hoM / dakSiNa bhAratake aitihAsika sAkSI itihAsa kAlameM narmadAke dakSiNabhAgameM basI jAtiyoMmeM nAgajAti sarvopari aura susabhya thI' / laMkA taka prAyaH sarvatra phailI huI thii| atyanta vinAzakArI mahAbhArata yuddha ke pariNAma svarUpa uttarApathakI vaidika-AryarAjya zaktiyoMke hrAsase lAbha uThAkara cirakAlase dabI huI nAgajAtine samasta bhAratameM apanI sattA sthApita kara lI thI jaisA ki kAzI, pAMcAla, Adike uragavaMzI rAjyoMke itihAsase siddha hai / cauthI zatI IsA pUrvameM maurya sAmrAjyake prakAzameM ye manda par3a gaye the kintu maurya sAmrAjyake hrAsake pazcAta phira inakA udaya huA thA / madhyabhArata evaM uttarI dakSiNa meM tIsarI zatI0 I0 pUrvase sAtavAhana Andhra zaktikI sthApanAne tattad nAga rAjyoMko na panapane diyA, balki adhikAMza nAgarAje sAtavAhanoMke AdhIna prAntAdhikArI ho gaye aura AndhrabhRtya mahArathI kahalAne lge| kintu gautamIputra zAtakarNI (106-130 ) ke pazcAta 1 purANoM ke anusAra narmadA tIrapara mAhiSmatImeM bhI nAgarAjya thA aura usake uparAnta vahA~ haihayoMkA rAjya huaa--(raaycaudhrii)| 2'bhAratIya itihAsakA jaina yuga' anekAnta va07, ki07-10 pR0 74 / 362
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________________ svAmI samantabhadrakA samaya aura itihAsa sAtavAhana zakti ke zithila ho jAnepara ina AndhrabhRtyoMne svatantra rAjya sthApita karane zurU kara diye, aura eka bAra phirase nAga yugakI punarAvRtti huI / jise smitha Adi kucha itihAsakAroMne bhAratIya itihAsakA 'andhakAra yuga' kahA hai kintu DA0 jAyasavAla Adine usa andhakArako bhedakara use 'nAga-vAkATakayuga' kahA hai / bhAraziva, vAkATaka, truTunAga Adi vaMza isa yugake ati zaktizAlI rAjyavaMza the jinakA astitva guptasamrATa samudragupta ( 310-376 I0 ) ke samaya taka thA / gupta sAmrAjya kAlameM bhAratIya nAgasattAeM sadaivake lie asta ho gayIM / dakSiNI phaNimaMDalakI sattA bhI dUsarI zatI0 I0 ke madhyameM kadaMba, pallava, gaMga, Adi sthAyI evaM mahatvAkAMkSI navIna rAjyavaMzoMkI sthApanA tathA pAMDya ,cola Adi prAcIna tAmila rAjyoMke punarutthAnake kAraNa antako prApta huii| atyanta prAcIna kAlase hI nAga jAti jainadharmakI anuyAyI thI aura bha0 pArzvanAtha (877777 I0 pU0) ke samayase to vizeSa rUpase jainadharma kI bhakta ho gayI thI / dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmakI pravRtti kamase kama bha0 ariSTanemike samayase calI AtI thI, surASTra dezastha dvArakAke yAdavavaMzameM utpanna tathA urjayanta ( giranAra parvata ) se nirvANa lAbha karanevAle bhagavAna neminAthane mahAbhArata kAlameM dakSiNa bhAratameM hI jinadharmakA pracAra vizeSa rUpase kiyA thaa| unake pazcAt cauthI zatI0 I0 pU0 meM bhadrabAhu zrutakevalike munisaMgha evaM apane ziSya samrATa candragupta maurya sahita dakSiNa dezameM Agamanase dakSiNAtya jainadharmako atyadhika protsAhana milA / tinevalI Adike maurya kAlIna brAhmI zilAlekha jo jainoMkI kRti haiM aura jaina zramaNoMkI prAcIna guphAoMmeM pAye jAte haiM, isa bAtake sAkSI haiM / dakSiNa bhAratake vividha rAjavaMza tathA unase sambaddha uragapura tathA nAgavaMzI rAjAoM, sAmantoM Adike varNanase suspasTa hai ki nAgavaMza bhAratakA prAcInatama tathA sarvavyApta vaMza thA / isa saba itihAsapara dRSTi DAlanese jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya pravara dUsarI zatI I0 ke atirikta anya kisI samayameM nahIM hue| jaina munijIvanase anabhijJa kucha ajaina vidvAnoMko yaha bhrama bhale hI ho sakatA hai ki ve kannaDiga the yA tAmila, kintu isameM kisIko koI sandeha nahIM hai ki ve dUra dakSiNake hI nivAsI the aura samasta dakSiNameM itihAsa kAla meM kevala eka hI prasiddha phaNimaMDala (nAga rAjya samUha ) thA jo pUrvI samudrataTapara godAvarI aura kAverIke bIca sthita thA, jisakA astitva sAmAnyataH tIsarI zatI I0 pUrvase milatA hai tathA I0 pUrva 157 se san 140 I0 taka sunizcita rUpase milatA hai, sAtha hI san 80 I0 meM yaha phaNimaMDala akhaMDa thA, isakI rAjadhAnI uragapura thI aura colapradezakA nAgavaMza isameM sarvapradhAna thaa| san 80 aura 140 I0 ke bIca kisI samaya yaha phaNimaMDala do mukhya bhAgoM ( uttarI aura dakSiNI athavA asavAnADu aura colamaMDala ) meM vibhakta ho gayA / san 150 I0 ke lagabhaga isa phaNimaMDalakA astitva 1 samudraguptakA prayAga staMbhavAlA zilAlekha / 2 lekhakakA lekha-'nAga sabhyatAkI bhAratako dena'-anekAnta, va0 6, ki 7 pR0 846 / 393
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha samApta ho gyaa| AcArya samantabhadrakI anuzruti-sammata tithi zaka 60 athavA san 138 I0 hai jisakA artha hai ki unakA munijIvana san 138 I0 ke pazcAta prAraMbha huA, usa samaya phaNimaMDalake do bhAga ho cuke the aura samasta phaNimaMDalakI rAjadhAnI uragapura nahIM raha gayI thii| kintu jisa samaya unakA janma huA phaNimaMDala akhaMDa thA aura rAjadhAnI uragapura thI-ve 'phaNimaMDalAlaMkArasyoragapurAdhipasUnoH' the arthAt phaNimaMDalakI rAjadhAnI uragapurake adhipatike putra the / phaNimaMDalakA yaha vibhAjana 125 I0ke lagabhaga huA pratIta hotA hai| svAmI samantabhadra ke viSayameM jo kucha jJAta hai usaparase yaha nizzaMka kahA jA sakatA hai ki unhoMne yuvAvasthAke prAraMbhameM hI munidIkSA le lI thI; ataH yadi dIkSAke samaya unakI Ayu 18-20 varSakI thI to unakA janma 120 I0 ke lagabhaga huA thA / aura saMbhavatayA ( 138 I0 meM ) maNuvakahallImeM jinadIkSA lI thii| tathA 154155 I0 ke lagabhaga unheM bhasmaka vyAdhi huI thii| bauddha dArzanika nAgArjuna 181 I0 taka jIvita thA / usake prasiddha grantha vigrahavyAvartanI, muktiSaSThikA, Adi 170 I0ke pUrva hI bana cuke the| sambhavatayA usake muktiSaSThikAse hI preraNA pAkara svAmI samantabhadrane 170 I0ke uparAnta apane yuktyanuzAsanakI racanA kI thii| yadi svAmI samantabhadrakI Ayu 65 varSakI huI ho to kahanA hogA ki unakI mRtyu 185 I0ke lagabhaga huI / isa taraha unakA samaya I0 120-185 nizcita hotA hai, jisakI vAstavika kuMjI 'phaNimaNDala' aura 'uragapura' zabdoMmeM bhI nihita hai| SOURTELLIB. 364
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________________ kAvyaprakAza-saMketakA racanAkAla prA0 bhogIlAla jayantabhAI sAMDesarA, ema0 e0 AcArya mANikyacandrakRta kAvyaprakAza-saMketa, mammaTake kAvyaprakAzapara likhita sabase prAcIna aura pramANabhUta TIkAoMmeM se hai| bhAratIya alaMkArazAstrake aura vizeSakarake kAvyaprakAzake pAThakoMmeM yaha TIkA atIva prAmANika mAnI jAtI hai / TIkAkArakA vivecanAtmaka varNana bhI atyanta AdaraNIya hai / Avazyaka sthalapara saMkSepa aura anAvazyaka sthalapara vyartha vistAra, TIkAkArake ina sarvasAdhAraNa doSoMse mANikyacandra saMpUrNatayA pare haiN| bhAmaha, udbhaTa, rudraTa, daNDI, vAmana, abhinavagupta, bhoja, ityAdi alaMkArazAstra praNetAoMke mata, sthAna sthAnapara uddhRta karake unhoMne apanA maulika abhiprAya vyakta kiyA hai| mUla granthako vizada banAneke lie unhoMne kitane hI sthaloMpara svaracita kAvyoMse udAharaNa uddhRta kiye haiN| isase yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki ve eka sahRdaya kavi the| svayaM jainamuni honepara bhI, unakA brAhmaNa-sAhityakA gaharA adhyayana thA / yaha TIkA asAdhAraNa buddhi-vaibhava, prakANDa-pANDitya aura mArmikarasajJatAse ota prota honeke kAraNa unhoMne isako navam ullAsake ArambhameM "lokottaro'yaM saGketaH ko'pi kovidsttmaaH|" kahA hai / jo ki vRthA garvokti nahIM kahI jA sktii| AcArya mANikyacandra jainazvetAmbara sampradAyake antargata rAjagacchake sAgaracandrasUrike ziSya the / ve vikramakI terahavIM zatImeM gujarAtameM hue haiN| yaha vahI samaya thA jaba vipula sAhityakI racanA gujarAtameM huI thI, aura saMskRta sAhityakA madhyAnha kAla thaa| usa samaya maMtrI vastupAla vidyAvyAsaMgiyoMkA apratima AzrayadAtA thaa| aura usake AsapAsa eka vistRta vidvanmaNDala ekatrita rahatA thA / 1. 'nalAyana' kAvyakAra mANikyasUri paTagacchake honese prastuta mANikyacandrase anya haiN| pI0 vI0 kAnekRta sAhityadarpaNakI bhUmikA ( sI06) 2, vastupAla aura usakI vidvanmaMDalIkI sAhitya pravRttike sambandhameM vizeSa jAnaneke lie, -gujarAta sAhitya sabhA, dvArA sampAdita, itihAsa sammelana (ahamadAbAda, disambara 1944)meM lekhakakA nibandha 'vastupAlakA vidyAmaNDala" 365
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha mANikyacandra mantrI vastupAlake samakAlIna the| unhoMne saMketake atirikta zAntinAtha-caritra aura pArzvanAthacaritra nAmake do mahAkAvya bhI race haiN| sAdhAraNatayA vidvAn loga saMketako saM0 1216 ko racanA samajhate haiM / svayaM mANikyacandrane saMketakI grantha prazastimeM usake racanA samayakI sUcanA "rasa (6) vaktra (1) grahAdhIza (12) vatsare mAsi mAdhave / kAvye kAvyaprakAzasya saGketo'yaM samarpitaH // " dvArA dI hai / sAdhAraNatayA vaktrakA artha eka kiyA jAtA hai aura tadanusAra 'rasavaktragrahAdhIza' se saM0 1216 phalita hotA hai, kintu hamAre sAmane aise kitane hI aitihAsika pramANa vidyamAna haiM jinake AdhArapara 'vaktra' zabdakA artha cAra (brahmAke mukha) athavA chaha (kArtikeyake mukha) mAna lenA bhI svAbhAvika siddha hai| aise pramANa kramazaH nimna prakAra haiM 1. AcArya mANikyacandrane apane pArzvanAthacaritra mahAkAvyakI racanA saM0 1276 meM kAThiyAvAr3ake antargata dIvameM kI thii| unhoMne svayaM usakI racanAkAlake sambandhameM "rasa(6) rSi (7) ravi (12) saGkhyAyAM, ityAdi nirdeza kiyA hai / saMketa kartA ke praur3ha pANDitya aura paripakva buddhikA phala hai / yadi vaha saM0 1216 kI racanA hai, to ve 60 varSake bAda eka mahAkAvyakI racanA karane yogya rahe hoM aisA mAnanA anucita jJAta hotA hai yadyapi kartAkA taba taka vidyamAna rahanA svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / ataH pUrvokta 'vaktra' kA artha eka ke sthAna para cAra athavA chaha karake saMketako saM 1246 athavA 1266 kI racanA mAnanA savizeSa susaMgata hai / (2) pArzvanAthacaritrakI prazasti meM mANikyacandrane batAyA hai ki unhoMne yaha kAvya aNahilavAr3a pATanake rAjA kumArapAla aura ajayapAlake eka rAjapuruSa vardhamAnake putra daher3a aura pautra pAlhaNa ( jo kavi bhI thA ) kI prArthanAse likhA thA / kumArapAlakA dehAnta saM0 1226 meM huA aura usakA bhatIjA ajayapAla rAjyArUDha huA / saM0 1232 meM ajayapAlake eka sevakane usako mAra DAlA / aba yadi mANikyacandrane ajayapAlake eka rAjapuruSake putra aura pautrakI prArthanAse ( yaha pautra bhI paripakva vayakA honA cAhie, kyoMki svayaM kartAne usakA 'prajJAvatA satkavipuGgavena' dvArA ullekha kiyA hai ) isa kAvyakI racanA kI ho to yaha spaSTa hI hai ki unakI kRtiyoMkA racanAkAla-rAjA ajayapAlake samayase kucha pUrva hI honA cAhie-arthAt pArzvanAtha-caritrake racanAkAla (saM0 1276) kA nikaTavartI honA cAhie / 1 kRSNamAcArI kRta saMskRta sAhitya pR0 194 / / 2 pATana granthasUcI bhA0 1, pR0 154 / 3 pITarasanakRta saMskRta hastalikhita granthoM kI zodha-sUcI vigata ( 1884-5) pR0 156 / 4 "kumArapAla mApAlAjayapAla mhiibhuujau| yaH sabhAbhUSaNaM citta jaina matamarocayat // ", Adi 8 zloka / 366
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________________ kAvyaprakAza-saMketakA racanAkAla (3) pUrvokta kathanAnusAra mANikyacandra, mantrI vastupAlake samakAlIna the| vastupAlake kulaguru vijayasena sUrike praziSya aura udayaprabhasUrike ziSya jinabhadra ke dvArA vastupAlake putra jayantasiMhake paThanArtha racita eka prabandhAvalIke anusAra ( yaha prabandhAvalI AcArya jinavinayajI dvArA sampAdita purAtana prabandha saMgrahameM saMkalita hai ) saM0 1290 meM vastupAlane eka bAra mANikya-candrako apane pAsa Aneke lie AmantraNa bhejA / kintu AcArya kisI kAraNavaza mArga meM hI ruka gaye A nahIM pAye / isase vastupAlane khambhAta Aye hue AcAryake upAzrayase kucha cIjeM yukti pUrvaka corIse maMgavA lIM / isa upadrava kI zikAyata lekara AcArya mantrIke pAsa aaye| usa samaya mantrIne unakA pUrNa Adara-satkAra kiyA aura saba cIjeM unako vApasa kara dI / vikramakI pandrahavIM zatImeM race hue jinaharSakRta vastupAla cAritrake anusAra vastupAlane apane grantha bhaNDArake pratyeka zAstrakI eka eka prati mANikyacandrako bheTa kii| ___ yaha bhI prasiddha hai ki rAjapUtAnemeM Aye hue jhAlorake cauhAna rAjA udayasiMhakA mantrI yazovIra, vastupAlakA ghaniSTa mitra thA / uparyukta prabandhAvalImeM mANikyacandrakA, yazovIrakI prazastimeM likhA huA, eka zloka bhI milatA hai| isa prakAra vizeSa vizvasanIya samakAlIna pramANoMke AdhArapara, hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki, mANikyacandra vastupAla aura yazovIrake samakAlIna the, itanA hI nahIM kintu una sabameM paraspara ghaniSTa samparka bhI thA / aba yadi hama saMketakA racanAkAla saM0 1216 mAnate haiM to eka bar3A bhArI kAlavyatikrama upasthita hotA hai / vastupAlako saM0 1276meM ghAlakAke vIraghavalake mantrI padapara pratiSThita hue the,yaha itihAsasiddha bAta hai / saM0 1216 meM to zAyada usakA janma bhI nahIM huA hogA / ataH vastupAla aura mANikyacandra ke samparkake sambandhameM tatkAlIna vRttAnta saMpUrNatayA vizvasanIya honese 'vaktra' zabdakA artha aisA karanA cAhie jo usake sAtha susaMgata ho / isa prakAra saMketakI grantha prazastike 'vaktra' kA artha cAra (brahmAke mukha) athavA chaha (kArtikayake mukha ) karanA cAhiye / kyoMki sAhitya saMsAra dhArmika AsthAoM se pare rahA hai jaisA ki alaMkAra niyamAnusArI jaina kaviyoMke varNanoMse siddha hai / tadanusAra 'rasa vaktragrahAdhIza' kA artha saM0 1266 karanA nyAyya hai / AcArya mANikyacandra ke jIvana aura kAryakI jJAta bAtoMke prakAzameM yaha vizeSa ucita pratIta hotA hai| 1 sirivatthupAla naMdaNa maMtI sara jayanta siMhabhamaNatthaM ! nAgiMda gaccha maMDaNa udaya ghahasUri sIseNaM / / jiNa maTTaiNaya vikkama kAlAu navai ahiya bArasAra / nANA kahANa pahANA esa pabadhAvakI raIyA / / 2 pu. prabandha saM. pR. 74 / purAtana prabandha saMgraha, pR0 135 367
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU zrI paM0 paramAnanda jaina zAstrI mahAkavi raidhU vikramakI pandrahavIM zatIke uttarArdhake vidvAna the| vaha jainasiddhAntake marmajJa vidvAna honeke sAtha sAtha purANa aura sAhityake bhI paMDita the / prAkRta-saMskRta aura apabhraMza bhASA para unakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thA, yadyapi unake samupalabdha granthoMmeM saMskRta bhASAkI koI svataMtra racanA upalabdha nahIM huI, aura na usake race jAnekA koI saMketa hI milatA hai; parantu phira bhI, unake granthoMkI sandhiyoMmeM grantha nirmANameM preraka bhavya zrAvakoMke paricayAtmaka aura AzIrvAdAtmaka saMskRta padya pAye jAte haiM, jinameM grantha nirmANameM preraka bhavyoMke lie maMgala kAmanAkI gayI hai / una padyoMpara dRSTi DAlanese unake saMskRtajJa vidvAna honekA spaSTa AbhAsa milatA hai aura unakI camakatI huI pratibhAkA sahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai / sAtha hI, unake dvArA nirmita grantha-rAziko dekhane tathA manana karanese kavivarakI vidvattA aura unakI kAvya pratibhAkA bhI yatheSTa paricaya mila jAtA hai / granthakArane yadyapi apanA koI vizeSa paricaya nahIM diyA aura na jIvana sambandhIvizeSa ghaTanAoMkA samullekha hI kiyA hai, jisase unake bAlya kAla, zikSA, Adike sambandhameM vizeSa prakAza DAlA jAtA; kintu unake granthoMkI prazastiyoMmeM jo kucha bhI saMkSipta paricaya aMkita milatA hai usa se sAra rUpameM kucha paricaya yahAM denekA upakrama kiyA jAtA haivaMza-paricaya kavivara raidhU saMghApa devarAyake pautra the, aura harisiMghAke, jo vidvatsamUhako Ananda dAyaka the, putra the| kavivarakI mAtAkA nAma 'vijayasiri'2 (vijayazrI ) thA, jo rUpa-lAvaNyAdise alaMkRta hote hue bhI zIla-saMyama Adi sadguNoMse vibhUSita thIM / kavivarakA vaMza 'padmAvatI-puravAla' thA aura ve ukta vaMzarUpI kamaloMko vikasita karanevAle divAkara the- jaisA ki unake 'sammaijina cAriu, graMthakI prazastike nimna vAkyoMse prakaTa hai 1 "yaH satya vadati vratAni kurute zAstra paThatyAdarAt ..ityAdi" siddha cakravidhi saMdhi 10 / ' "yaH siddhAnta rasAyanaikarasiko bhakto munInAM sadA ...." pAzrvapurANa saMdhi / 2 'harisiMghahu putteM guNagaNajutte haMsivi vijayasiri NaMdaNeNa / sammatta guNa nidhAna prazasti / 398
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU devarAya saMghAhiva NaMdaNu, harisiMghu buhayaNa kula pANaMdaNu / pomavai-kula-kamala-divAyaru- so vi suNaMdau etthu jasAyaru / jassa gharija raidhU buha jAyau, dev-stth-guru-py-annuraayu| ukta kavi raidhUne apane kulakA paricaya 'pomAvaikula' aura 'pomAvai puDavAravaMsa' vAkyoM dvArA karAyA hai, jisase ve padmAvatIpuravAla jAna par3ate haiM / jaina itihAsameM caurAsI prakArake vaMzoM athavA kuloMkA ullekha milatA hai| unameM kitane hI vaMzoMkA astitva Aja nahIM milatA; kintu ina caurAsI vaMzoMmeM kitane hI aise vaMza haiM jo pahale bahuta samRddha rahe haiM kintu Aja ve samRddha athavA sampanna nahIM dIkhate, aura kitanI hI jAtiyoM athavA vaMzoMko isameM gaNanA hI nahIM kI gayI hai jaise dharkaTa, Adi / ina caurAsI vaMzoMmeM 'padmAvatIpuravAla' bhI eka vaMza hai aura jo prAyaH AgarA, mainapurI, eTA aura gvAliyara, Adi sthAnoMmeM AbAda hai| inakI jana saMkhyA bhI kaI hajAra pAyI jAtI hai| vartamAnameM yaha vaMza unnata nahIM hai to bhI isa vaMzake kaI vidvAna jainadharma aura samAjakI sevA kara rahe haiM / yadyapi isa vaMzake vidvAna apanA udaya brAhmaNoMse batalAte haiM aura apaneko devanandI (pUjyapAda) kA santAnIya bhI prakaTa karate haiM; kintu itihAsase unakI yaha kalpanA siddha nahIM hotI kyoMki prathama to upavaMzoM (jAtiyoM)kA adhikAMza vikAsa saMbhavataH vikramakI dasavIM zatIse pUrvakA pratIta nahIM hotA, ho sakatA hai ki ve isase bhI pUrvavartI rahe hoM; parantu vinA kisI prAmANika anusaMdhAna ke isa sambandhameM kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| vaMzoM aura gotroMkA vikAsa athavA nirmANa grAma, nagara, aura deza Adike nAmoMse huA hai / udAharaNa ke lie sAMbharake Asa-pAsake vaghesa' sthAnase vagheravAla, 'pAlI' se pallIvAla, 'khaNDelA' se khaNDelavAla, 'agrohA' se agravAla, 'jAyasa' athavA 'jaisA'se jaisavAla, aura 'osA' se osavAla jAtikA nikAsa huA hai| tathA caMderIke nivAsI honese caMderiyA, candravADase cAMduvADa athavA cAMdavADa, aura padmAvatI nagarIse 'padmAvatiyA' Adi gotroM evaM mUloMkA udaya huA hai / isI taraha anya kitanI hI jAtiyoMke sambandhameM prAcIna lekhoM tAmrapatroM, sikkoM, granthaprazastiyoM aura graMthoM Adi se itivRttakA patA lagAyA jA sakatA hai| ___ kavivara raidhuke granthoMmeM ullikhita 'pomAvaI' zabda svayaM padmAvatI nAmakI nagarIkA vAcaka hai| yaha nagarI pUrva samayameM khUba samRddha thI, usakI samRddhikA ullekha khajurAhoke vi0 saM0 1052 ke zilAlekha meM pAyA jAtA hai, jisameM batalAyA gayA hai ki yaha nagarI UMce UMce gagana cumbI bhavanoM evaM makAnoMse suzobhita thI, jisake rAjamArgoM meM bar3e bar3e teja turaMga daur3ate the aura jisakI camakatI huI svaccha evaM / zubhra dIvAreM AkAzase bAteM karatI thIM / jaisA ki "saudhottuMga pataMga..."Adi do padyoMse prakaTa hai| 1 paM0 vinodIlAlakRta phUlamAlapaccIsI, bRhajinavANI saMgraha pR0 485 /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha isase sahajahI padmAvatI nagarIkI vizAlatA aura samRddhikA anumAna laga jAtA hai| isa nagarIko nAgarAjAoMkI rAjadhAnI bananekA bhI saubhAgya prApta huA thaa| padmAvatI, kAMtipurI aura mathurAmeM nau-nAgarAjAoMke rAjya karanekA ullekha bhI milatA hai| padmAvatInagarIke nAgarAjAoMke sikke bhI mAlave meM kaI jagaha mile haiM gyArahavIM sadImeM racita 'sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa' meM bhI padmAvatIkA varNana hai aura mAlatImAdhavameM bhI padmAvatIkA nAma pAyA jAtA hai, Aja vaha nagarI vahAM apane usa rUpameM nahIM haiM, gvAliyara rAjyameM usake sthAnapara 'pavAyA' nAmakA choTAsA gAMva basA huA hai, jo dehalIse bambaI jAne vAle jI. AI. pI. relvekI lAinapara 'devarA' nAmake sTezanase kucha hI dUrapara sthita hai / yaha padmAvatI nagarI hI 'padmAvatI puravAla' jAtike nikAsakA sthAna hai| isa dRSTise vartamAna 'pavAyA' grAma padmAvatIpuravAloM ke lie vizeSa mahatvakI vastu hai| bhale hI vahAM para Aja padmAvatI puravAloMkA nivAsa na ho; kintu usake AsapAsa hI Aja bhI vahAM padmAvatI puravAloMkA nivAsa pAyA jAtA hai| Uparake ina ullekhoM se grAma nagarAdike nAmoMparase upajAtiyoMkI kalpanAko puSTi milatI hai| zraddheya paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIneanekAnta varSa 3,ki.7 meM 'paravAra jAtike itihAsapara prakAza' nAmake apane lekhameM paravAroM ke sAtha padmAvatI puravAloMkA sambandha jor3anekA prayatna kiyA hai| aura paMDita bakhatarAmake 'buddhi vilAsa' ke anusAra unheM sAtavAM bhedabhI batalAyA hai / ho sakatA hai ki isa jAtikA koI sambandha praravAroM ke sAtha bhI rahA ho, kintu padmAvatI puravAloMkA nikAsa paravAroMke 'saptama mUra' padmAvatiyA' se huA ho, yaha kalpanA ThIka nahIM lagatI aura na prAcIna pramANoMse usakA samarthana hI hotA hai, tathA na sabhI 'puravADa vaMza' paravAra hI kahe jA sakate haiM / aura na isa kalpanAkA sAdhaka koI prAcIna pramANa bhI upalabdha hai| kisI jAtike gotroM athavA mUrase anya kisI jAtike nAmakaraNa karanekI kalpanAkA koI AdhAra bhI nahIM milatA, ataeva use saMgata nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ___ kavivara raidhUke svayaM 'pomAvaI' nagarIke samullekha dvArA, jo paMDita bakhatarAmase kamase kama do sau varSase bhI adhika purAne vidvAna haiM, apaneko padmAvatI puravAla prakaTa karate haiM jisakA artha padmAvatI nAmakI nagarIke nivAsI hotA hai / hAM, yaha ho sakatA hai ki padmAvatI nAmakI nagarImeM basane vAle paravAroM ke usase bAhara yA anyatra basa jAnepara unheM 'padmAvatiyA' kahA jAne lagA ho jaisA ki Ajakala bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki dehalI yA kalakatte vAle kisI sajanake kisI anya zaharameM basa jAnepara use 'dehaliyA' 1. navanAgAH padmAvatyA kAMtipUryAM mathurAyAM, viSNupurANa aMza 4 adhyAya 24 / 2. sva0 ojhAjI kRta rAjapUtAnekA itihAsa, prathama jilda, pR0 230 / 3 sAta khApa paravAra kahAveM.. padyAvatiyA saptama mAno / 400
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU yA 'kalakatiyA' kahA jAtA hai aura bAdameM yahI nAma gotrAdike rUpameM ullikhita kiyA jAne lagatA hai, isI taraha 'padmAvatiyA' bhI paravAroM kA sAtavAM mUra bana gayA ho, kucha bhI ho isa sambandhameM vizeSa anusandhAnakI jarUrata hai| kavivara raidhU gRhastha vidvAna the, aura ve deva-zAstra-guruke bhakta the| tathA kSaNabhaMgura saMsArase virakta the-udAsIna rahate the; kyoMki prastuta kavine apaneko 'kavikulatilaka', 'sukavi' aura 'paMDita' vizeSaNoMke atirikta muni yA AcArya jaisA koI bhI vizeSaNa prayukta nahIM kiyA, isase ve gRhastha vidvAna hI jAna par3ate haiM / ve jainasiddhAntake acche vidvAna aura gRhasthocita deva pUjAdi naimittaka SaTkarmoMkA pAlana karate the| purANa tathA sAhityake viziSTa abhyAsI aura racayitA the| dhArmika granthoMke abhyAsake sAtha sAtha padyabadadha caritagranthoMke praNayanameM anurakta the| purANa aura carita granthoMke atirikta kavivarakI do racanAeM saiddhAntika bhI samupalabdha haiM, jinameM eka pUrNa aura dUsarI apUrNa rUpameM upalabdha hai| aura ve donoM gAthAbaddha padyoMmeM racI gayI haiM ina saba granthoMke samabalokanase kavike saiddhAntika jJAnakA bhI paricaya mila jAtA hai / kavivara raidhU pratiSThAcArya bhI the, unhoMne apane samayameM aneka jaina mUrtiyoMkI pratiSThA karAyI thI / saMvat 1467 meM inhoMne bhagavAna AdinAthakI eka vizAla mUrtikI pratiSThA gvAliyarake tatkAlIna tomaravaMzI zAsaka DUMgarasiMhake rAjya-kAlameM karAyI thii| kavi raidhU vivAhita the yA avivAhita, isakA koI spaSTa ullekha mere dekhane meM nahIM AyA, aura na kavine apaneko kahIM bAla-brahmacArIke rUpameM hI ullekhita kiyA hai aisI sthitimeM unheM vivAhita mAnanA ucita hai| kavivarane 'yazodharacarita' kI prazastike 'NaMdau raidhU paravArijutta' vAkya dvArA apane kuTumbakI maMgala kAmanA vyakta kI hai aura apaneko parivAra ke sAtha vyakta kiyA hai, kintu unhoMne apanI santAna Adike sambandhameM koI ullekha nahIM kiyA / raidhUke do bhAI bhI the jinakA nAma bAhola aura mAhaNasiMha thA, jaisA ki 'bahaladdacariu' (padmacarita ) ke nimna dhatteke aMzase prakaTa hai__"bAhola mAhaNasiMha ciru NaMdau iha raidhU kavitIyau vidhaaraa|" isa ullekhase spaSTa hai ki harisiMhake tIna putra the bAhola, mAhaNasiMha aura kavi raidhU / yahAM para maiM itanA aura prakaTa kara denA cAhatA hUM ki AdipurANakI saMvat 1851 kI likhI huI eka prati najIbAbAda jilA vijanaura ke zAstra bhaMDArameM hai jo bahuta hI azuddha rUpameM likhI gayI hai aura jisakI Adi antakI prazasti truTita evaM skhalita rUpameM samupalabdha hai| usameM AcArya siMhasenako 1 saMvat 1497 varSe vaizAkha......7 zukra punarnasu nakSatre zrI gopAcala durge mahArAjAdhirAja rAjA zrI Duga (DUMgarasiMha rAjya) saMvartamAnI (no) zrI kAJcI (kAThA ) saMdhai mAthUrAnvaye puSkaraNa (Ne) bhaTTAraka zrI ga (gu ) NakIrti devastatpaTTe yazaHkIrtideva pratiSThAcArya zrI paMDita raidhU teyaM ( teSAM ) A-bhAye (mnAye) agrotaze goila gotrA (3) sAdhu' -jena lekha saM0 vA. pUraNacandra nAhara kalakattA 401
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha graMthakartAke rUpameM ullikhita kiyA gayA hai / aura siMhasenane apaneko harisiMhakA putra prakaTa kiyA hai / isa pratikA paricaya karAte hue mukhtAra zrI jugalakizorajIne raidhUko siMhasenakA bar3A bhAI batalAyA thA 1 paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIne dazalakSaNa jayamAlAkI prastAvanA ke TippaNa meM raidhUko siMhasenakA bar3A bhAI ' mAnanekI mukhtAra sAhabakI kalpanAko asaMgata ThaharAte hue donoMko eka hI vyakti sUcita kiyA thA / paraMtu kavivara raidhUkI upalabdha racanAoMke adhyayana karanese donoM kalpanAeM saMgata pratIta nahIM hotIM, kyoMki raidhUne apane kisI bhI granthameM apanA nAma siMhasena vyakta nahIM kiyA / aura jisa granthakA Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai usakA nAma meghezvaracarita hai AdipurANa nahIM, aura katAkA nAma kavi idhU hai siMha nahIM / usakI racanA AdipurANake anusAra kI gayI hai jaisA ki usa granthake nimna puSpikA vAkyase prakaTa hai--"iya mehesara carie AipurANassa sutta anusarie siri paMDiya khemasIhasAhu NAmaMkie siripAla cakkavai haraNaNAmaM eyAdasamo saMdhipariche samatto || saMdhi 11 // " rahadhU viraie siri mahAbhavva kavivara raidhUke 'meghezvara carita' aura najIbAbAdakI usa AdipurANakI pratikA milAna karane se usa graMthake racayitA kavi raidhU aura granthakA nAma mehesaracariu hI hai, isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai, usameM sApha taurapara usakA kartA raidhU sUcita kiyA hai phira mAlUma nahIM najIbAbAda vAlI pratimeM racayitAkA nAma siMhasena AcArya kaise likhA gayA ? usakA anya kisI pratise samarthana nahIM hotA, aura na rahadhUke meghezvaracaritase usakI bhinnatA hI prakaTa hotI hai aisI hAlata meM ukta donoM kalpanAeM saMgata pratIta nahIM hotIM / raidhU kavike ukta bhAiyoM meM bhI siMhasena nAmakA koI bhI bhAI nahIM hai jisase ukta kalpanApara vicAra kiyA jA sake / guru-paramparA kavivara rahane meghezvara caritakI prazasti meM likhA hai ki bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrtine mere zira para hAtha rakhakara mujhe saMbodhita karate hue kahA ki tuma mere prasAdase vicakSaNa ho jAoge / tadanusAra unhoMne mujhe maMtra diyA, aura mere cira puNyodaya tathA suraguruke prasAdase mujhe kavitva guNakI prApti ho gayI / isI 1 jainahiteSI bhAga 13 aMka 3 / 2 dazalakSaNa jayamAlAkI 'kavikA paricaya' nAmakI prastAvanA / 3 tahu paya-paMkayAiM paNamaMtara, jA vaha Nivasai jiNa paya bhattau / tAriMsiNA so bhaNiu viNoe, hatthu lie vi sumahutte joeN| dhU paMDi suvaNa suhAe, hosi viyakkhaNu majjhu pasAeM iya bhaNevi maMtakkharu diNNau, te NA rAhiu taMji achiNNau / cirapuNe katta guNa-siddhau suguru pasAe huvau pasiddhau / - meghezvara caritra prazasti / 402
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU kAraNa kavivarane bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrtikA nimna vAkyoM dvArA paricaya karAte due unheM bhavyarUpI kamala samUhakA udbodhana karane vAlA pataMga ( sUrya ) tathA asaMga (parigraha rahita ) batalAte hue unakA jayaghoSa kiyA hai, aura unhIMke prasAdase apaneko kAvyakA prakaTa karanevAlA bhI sUcita kiyA hai jaisA ki usake nimnavAkyoMse spaSTa hai "bhavya kamala-sara-boha-payaMgo, baMdivi siri jasakitti asNgo| tassa pasAe kavva payAsami, cirabhavi vihiu asuha NiraNAsami |-smmijin cariu / hasase prakaTa hai ki kavivara raidhu bha0 yazaHkIrtiko apanA guru mAnate the aura unakA yathocita sammAna bhI karate the| isake sivAya, balahaddacariu (padmacarita)kI Adya prazastike caturtha kaDavakake nimna vAkya dvArA jo usa granthake nirmANameM preraka sAhu harasI dvArA graMthakartA ( kavi raidhU ) ke prati kahe gaye haiM aura jinameM granthakartAko zrIpAlabrahma AcAryake ziSya rUpase sambodhita kiyA gayA hai / sAtha hI, sAhU soDhalake nimitti 'nemipurANa' ke race jAne aura apane lie rAmacaritake kahanekI preraNA kI gayI hai jisase spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki brahmazrIpAla bhI raidhUke guru the, jo usa samaya brahmacArI hote hue bhI 'AcArya' ke upapadase vibhUSita the / ve vAkya isa prakAra haiM "bho raidhU paMDiya guNaNihANu, pomAvai vara baMsahaM pahANu / siripAla bamhanAyariya sIsa, mahu vayaNu suNahi bho buha girIsa // soDhala Nimitta Nemihu purANu, virayau uhaM kaijar3a vihiymaannu| taM rAmacarittu vi mahu bhaNehiM, lakkhaNa sameu iya maNi muNehiM // " ___yaha brahma zrIpAla paM0 raidhUke vidyA guru jAna paDate haiN| yaha bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrtike ziSya the / sammaicariukI antima prazastimeM muni yazAkIrtike tIna ziSyoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, khemacanda, hariSeNa aura brahmapAlha / inameM ullikhita muni brahmapAlha hI zrIpAlabrahma jAna par3ate haiN| nivAsa sthAna aura usakA aitihAsika paricaya kavivara raidhU gvAliyarake nivAsI the / gvAliyara prasiddha aitihAsika sthAna hai / yadyapi gvAliyara rAjyake bhelasA ( vidizA ) ujaina, maMdasaura ( dazapura) padmAvatI Adi aitihAsika sthAnoM meM jaina, bauddha 1 muNi jasakittihu sissa guNAyaru, khemacaMda hariseNu tavAyaru / muNi tahaM pAlhavaMbhue gaMdahu, tiNNivi pAvahu bhAraNikaMdahu / / 2 tahora jivaNIsaru laddhamANu, jiNadhammarasAyaNa tittapANu / siri paumAvai puravADa vaMsu uddhariu jeNa jayaladdhasaMsu / -puNyAzravaprazasti / vizeSa paricayake lie anekAnta varSa 8 kiraNa-8-9 meM prakAzita atizayakSetra candravADa nAmakA lekha /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha aura vaidika dharmake bahuta prAcIna aitihAsika avazeSa pAye jAte hai; kintu khAsa gvAliyara meM bauddha vaidikoM aura jainiyoMke purAtattvakI vipula sAmagrI milatI hai, jisase spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki gvAliyara kisI samaya jainiyoMkA kendra thaa| jaina sAhityameM vartamAna gvAliyarako 'gopAcala', gopAdri, govagiri, govAgar3ha, aura gvAliya nAmase ullekhita kiyA gayA hai| gvAliyarakA yaha kilA bahuta prAcIna hai aura use sUrajasena nAmake rAjAne banavAyA thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki vahAM gvAliya nAmakA eka sAdha rahatA thA jisane rAjA sUrasenake kuSTarogako dUra kiyA thaa| ataH usa samayase hI isakA nAma gvAliyara prasiddha huA hai| gvAliyara itihAsameM apanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai / yahAM kA 'dUbakuNDa' vAlA zilAlekha jainiyoMke lie vizeSa mahavattkI vastu hai / usameM saMvat 1145 se pUrva kaI aitihAsika jainAcAryoMkA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / aura sAsabahUke mandirameM vi0 saM0 1150 kA eka zilAlekha bhI utkIrNa hai, jisameM kacchapaghaTa yA kachavAhA vaMzake lakSmaNa, vajradAmana, maMgalarAja, kIrtirAja, mUladeva, devapAla, padmapAla, aura mahIpAla nAmake daza rAjAoMkA yathAkramase samullekha kiyA gayA hai| tIsarA 'naravara' kA vaha tAmrapatra hai jo vi0 saM0 1177 meM vIrasiMhadevake rAjyameM utkIrNa huA hai| isake sivAya, gvAliyara meM jainiyoMke bhaTTArakoMkI purAnI gaddI rahI hai, khAsakara vahAMpara devasena, vimalasena, dharmasena, bhAvasena, sahasrakIrti, guNakIrti, yazaHkIrti, malayakIrti, aura guNabhadrAdi aneka bhaTTAraka aura muni hue haiN| unameM bha0 yazaHkIrti aura bha0 guNabhadra Adine carita, purANa tathA granthoMkI racanA kI hai| ___ gvAliyarakA yaha kilA eka vizAla pahAr3I caTTAnapara sthita hai aura kalAkI dRSTi se bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| kilemeM kaI jagaha jana mUrtiyAM khudI haiM isa kilese pahAr3ImeM hokara zaharake lie eka sar3aka jAtI hai / isa sar3akake donoM ora caTTAnoM para utkIrNa huI kucha jaina mUrtiyAM aMkita hai| ye saba mUrtiyAM pASANakI karkaza caTTAnoMko khodakara banAyI gayIM haiM / ina mUrtiyoMmeM bhagavAna AdinAthakI mUrti sabase vizAla hai, isake pairoMkI laMbAI nau phITa hai aura isa taraha yaha mUrti pairoMse pAMca yA chaha sAta guNI UMcI hai / mUrtikI kula UMcAI 57 phITase kama nahIM hai| muni zIlavijaya aura saubhAgyavijayajIne apanI apanI tIrthamAlAmeM isa mUrtikA pramANa bAvana gaja batalAyA hai / aura bAbarane apane AtmacaritameM isa mUrtiko karIba 40 phITa UMcI likhA hai sAtha hI una nagna mUrtiyoMko khaMDita karAne ke 1 epo. iNDi0 bhA0 2 pR0 237 / 2 "bAvana gaja pratimA dIpatI gar3ha guvAleri sadA sobhatI / / 33 |"-tiirthmaalaa pR0 111 / "gaDha gvAlera bAvanagaja pratimA vaMdu RSabha raMgarolIjI, 14-2 yaha pratimA bAvana gajakI nahIM hai, yaha kisI bhUlakA pariNAma jAna par3atA hai| (saubhAgyavijaya tIrthamAlA pR0 98) 3 bAbarakA usa mUrtiko 40 phITakI batalAnA bhI ThIka nahIM hai vaha 57 phITase kama nahIM haiM / 404
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU ghRNita evaM nRzaMsa kAryakA jikra bhI kiyA hai / yadyapi unameM kI adhikAMza mUrtiyAM khaMDita karA dI gayI haiM; parantu phira bhI unameM ko kucha mUrtiyAM Aja bhI akhaMDeta maujUda haiN| kilese nikalate hI isa vizAla mUrtikA darzana karake darzakakA citta itanA AkRSTa ho jAtA hai ki vaha kucha samayake lie saba kucha bhUla jAtA hai aura usa mUrtikI ora ekaTaka dekhate hue bhI tabiyata nahIM bhrtii| sacamuca yaha mUrti kitanI sundara, kalAtmaka aura zAntikA puMja hai / isake darzanase parama zAntikA srota bahane lagatA hai / yadyapi bhAratameM jainiyoMkI isa prakArakI aura bhI kaI mUrtiyAM vidyamAna haiM, udAharaNake lie zravaNabelagolako bAhubalI svAmIkI usa vizAla mUrtiko hI lIjiye, vaha kitanI AkarSaka, sundara aura manamohaka hai ise batalAnekI AvazyakatA nhiiN| ekabAra prasiddha vyApArI TATA apane kaI aMgreja mitroMke sAtha dakSiNakI usa mUrtiko dekhaneke lie gayA, jyoMhI vaha mUrtike samIpa pahuMcA aura use dekhane lagA to mUrtiko dekhate hI samAdhistha ho gayA, aura vaha samAdhimeM itanA tallIna ho gayA ki mAno vaha pASaNakI mUrti hai| taba usake sAthI aMgreja mitroMne use nizceSTa khar3A huA dekhakara kahA ki TATA tumheM kyA ho gayA hai jo hama logoMse bAta bhI nahIM karate, calo aba vApasa caleM; paraMtu TATA vyApArI usa samaya samAdhimeM lIna thA, mitroMkI bAtakA kauna javAba detA, jaba usakI samAdhi nahIM khulI taba unheM cintA hone lagI; kintu Adha ghaMTA vyatIta hote hI ukta TATAko samAdhi khula gayI aura samAdhi khulate hI usane yaha bhAvanA vyakta kI, ki mujhe kisI bhI vastukI AvazyakatA nahIM haiM; kintu marate samaya mujhe isa mUrtikA darzana ho| isase mUrtiyoMkI upayogitAkA aMdAja laga sakatA hai, ye mUrtiyAM vairAgyotpAdaka aura zAMtike agradUta haiM, inakI pUjA, baMdanA, upAsanA karanese jIva paramazAntikA anubhava karane lagatA hai / isa prakArakI kalAtmaka mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa karanevAle zilpiyoMkI aTUTa sAdhanA, atula dhairya aura kalAkI caturAIkI jitanI prazaMsA kI jAya thor3I hai / kavivara raidhUne pArzvapurANa aura samyaktvaguNanidhAna nAmake granthoMmeM gvAliyarakA vistRta varNana diyA hai aura vahAMkI suvarNarekhA nAmakI nadIkA bhI ullekha kiyA hai aura likhA hai ki usa samaya gopAcala ( gvAliyara ) samRddha thA aura vahAMke nivAsiyoMmeM sukha-zAnti thI, ve dharmAtmA, paropakArI, sajjana the| usa samaya gvAliyarakA zAsaka rAjA DUMgarasiMha thA, jo prasiddha tomara kSatriya kulameM utpanna huA thA / DUMgarasiMha aura usake putra kIrtisiMha yA kIrticandra ke rAjyameM prajAmeM kisI prakArakI azAnti na thii| pitA putra donoM hI rAjA jainadharmapara pUrI AsthA rakhate the| yahI kAraNa hai ki usa samaya gvAliyarameM cora, DAkU, durjana, khala, pizuna, tathA nIca manuSya nahIM dikhate the| aura na koI dIna-dukhI hI dRSTigocara hotA thA, vahAM cauhaTepara sundara bAjAra bane hue the, jinapara vaNikajana vividha vastuoMkA krayavikraya karate the| vahAM vyasanI tathA hIna caritrI mAnava bhI nahIM the| nagara jina-mandiroMse vibhUSita thA 405
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha aura zrAvaka dAna pUjAmeM nirata rahate the / deva guru,aura zAstrake zraddhAnI, vinayI, vicakSaNa, garvarahita aura dharmAnurakta manuSya rahate the / aura vahAM zrAvaka jana sapta vyasanoMse rahita dvAdazavratoMkA anuSThAna karate the, jo samyagdarzanarUpa maNise bhUSita the, jinapravacanake nitya abhyAsI the, aura dvArApekSaNa vidhimeM sadAhI sAvadhAna rahate the, jina mahimA athavA mahotsava karane meM pravINa the aura jo jinasUtra rUpa rasAyanake sunanese tRpta tathA caitanya guNasvarUpa pavitra AtmAkA anubhava karate the / jahAM nArIjana dRr3hazIlase yukta thIM aura para puruSoMko apane bAMdhava samAna sajhatI thIM, kavivara raidhU kahate haiM ki maiM usa nagarakI striyoMkA kyA varNana karUM? aura jo tIna prakArake pAtroMko dAnase nirantara puSTa karatI thiiN| Uparake isa saMkSipta digdarzanase mAlUma hotA hai ki usa samaya gvAliyara jainapurI thA, jahAM aneka vizAla jina mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa, pratiSThA. mahotsava aura aneka granthoMkA nirmANa kiyA jAtA ho, use jainapurI batalAnA anucita nahIM haiN| kavivara raidhU vahAMke neminAtha aura varddhamAnake jinamandiroMke pAsa bane hue vihAra meM rahate the, jo kavitta rUpa rasAyana nidhise rasAla the-vairAgya, zAnta aura madhurAdi rasase alaMkRta the jaisAki unake nimnavAkyoMse prakaTa hai erisa sAvahiM vihiyamANu, NemIsara jiNahari vaDDhamANu / Nivasai jA raidhUkavi guNAlu, sukavitta rasAyaNa NihiM rasAlu / / -sammatta guNa nihANasamakAlIna rAjA taimUralaMgane bhAratapara 1368 I0 meM AkramaNa kiyA thA, dillI ke zAsaka mahamUdazAhane usakA sAmanA kiyA, kintu mahamUdake parAsta ho jAne para usa samaya dillImeM tIna dina taka katle Ama huA aura tamAma dhana saMpatti lUTI gyii| taba dillI ke taMbara yA tomara vaMzI vIrasiMha nAmake eka kSatriya saradArane gvAliyarapara adhikAra kara liyA, usake bAda vikramakI 16 vIM zatIke antataka gvAliyara para isa vaMzakA zAsana rahA hai| unameM se kavivara yaza-kIrtike samakAlIna rAjA DUgarasiMha aura kIrtisiMhakA paricaya nIce diyA jAtA hai rAjA DUgarasiMha-yaha taMbara yA tomaravaMzakA eka pradhAna vIra zAsaka thA, yaha rAjanItimeM dasa, zatruoMkA mAnamardana karanemeM samartha aura kSatriyocita kSAtra tejase alaMkRta thaa| inake pitAkA nAma gaNeza yA gaNapati thA jo guNasamUhase vibhUSita thA / anyAyarUpI nAgoMke vinAza karanemeM pravINa, paMcAMga maMtrazAstrameM kuzala tathA asirUpa agnise mithyAtvarUpI vaMzakA dAhaka thA aura jisakA yaza saba dizAoMmeM 1 pApurANa prazasti / 2 samyaktvaguNanidhAna prazasti / 406
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU vyApta thaa| rAjya paTTase alaMkRta, vipula bhAla aura balase sampanna thaa'| DUMgarasiMhakI paTTa-mahiSI ( paharAnI) kA nAma 'caMdAde' thA, jo atizaya rUpavatI aura pativratA thii| inake putrakA nAma kIrtisiMha yA 'kittipAla' thA jo apane pitAke samAna hI tejasvI, guNajJa, balavAna aura rAjanItimeM catura thA jaisA ki 'paDamacariu' kI "tahiM gariduM NAmeNarAu....ityAdi" paMktiyoMse prakaTa hai| DUgarasiMhane naravarake kilepara gherA DAlakara apanA adhikAra kara liyA thaa| zatruloga isake pratApa evaM parAkramase sadA bhaya khAte the / vaha nyAyI aura prajAvatsala zAsaka thA / rAjA DUMgarasiMha jainadharma para kevala anurAga hI na rakhatA thA; kintu usapara apanI AsthA bhI rakhatA thA jisake phalasvarUpa hI usane kilemeM digambara jaina mUrtiyoMkI khudAIke kAryameM sahasroM rupayA vyaya kiye the| yadyapi jaina mUrtiyoMkI khudAIkA yaha pavitra kArya usake jIvana meM sampanna nahIM ho sakA thaa| vikrama saMvat 1467se kIrtisiMhake rAjyakAla (vi0 saM0 1536)ke kucha varSa pUrva taka-athAt vi0 saM0 1467se vi0 saM0 1526 taka-32 varSa jaina mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa kArya huA / jise usake priya putra kIrtisiMhane pUrA karAyA thA / DUMgarasiMhake samaya aneka jaina mUrtiyoMkA nirmANa vahAMke nivAsI bhavya zrAvakoMne bhI karAyA thA aura jinake pratiSThA mahotsava bhI usIke zAsanakAlameM bar3e bhArI vaibhavase sampanna hue the| caurAsI mathurAke jambUsvAmIke mandirakI mUlanAyaka pratimA bhI usIke rAjyakAlameM gvAliyarameM pratiSThita huI thii| unameM se kitanI hI mUrtiyoMko mugala bAdazAha bAbarane bAdako khaDita karAnekA nRzaMsa evaM ghRNita kArya kiyA thA / avaziSTa mUrtiyAM Aja bhI akhaMDita maujUda haiM jo jainadharmake atIta gauravakI cirasmRti hRdayapaTapara aMkita karatI haiM, ye mUrtiyAM kalAkI dRSTi se atyanta sundara haiM aura darzakake cittako apanI ora AkRSTa karatI huI vItarAgatA evaM Atmika zAntikA-jIvanakI vizuddha svataMtratAvasthAkA-saccA upadeza detI haiN| DUMgarasiMha san 1454 (vi0 saM0 1481) meM gvAliyarakI gaddIpara baiThA thA, isake rAjyasamayake do mUrtilekha saMvat 1467 aura 1511ke mile haiN| aura saMvat 1486 kI do lekhaka-prazastiyAM, eka 1-"tahi tomarakula siri rAyahasu.....ityAdi' padya (paarshvpuraann)| 2-ThAkura sUryavarmAkRta gvAliyarakA itihaas| . .. 3-gopAcaladurge tomaravaMze rAjA zrI gaNapatidevastatputro mahArAjAdhirAja zrI DUMgarasiMharAjye praNamati / -jambUsvAmI maMdira, caurAsI-mathurA 4-saMvat 1497 varSe vaizAkha . . . .7 zukle punarvasunakSatre zrI gopAcaladurge mahArAjAdhirAja rAjA zrI DaMga (DugarasiMha rAjya ) saMvartamAno (ne) kA vI (chA) saMghe mAthurAnvaye . . . . . || "siddhi sambat 1510 varSe / mAghasudi 8 aSTamyAM zrI gopagirI mahArAjAdhirAja rAjA DugarendradevarAjya pravartamAne kASThAMsave mAthUrAnvaye bhaTTAraka zrI kSemakIrti . . . . . // jainazilAlekhasaMgraha bhAga 2 pR0 93 (pUraNacanda nAhara dvArA saMkalita)
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha paM0 vivudhazrIdharake saMskRta bhaviSyadatta caritrakI aura dUsarI apabhraMza bhASAke sukumAlacaritakI prApta huI haiM / inake sivAya, saMvat 1506 kI eka apUrNa lekhaka-prazasti kavivara dhanapAlakI 'bhavisayattapaMcamIkahA' kI prApta huI hai / jo kAraMjAke zAstrabhaMDArameM surakSita hai| ina saba ullekhoMse rAjA DUMgarasiMhakA rAjyakAla saMvat 1481se vi0 saM0 1510taka 32 varSa to nizcita hI hai| isake bAda aura kitane varSa rAjyakA saMcAlana kiyA yaha prAyaH abhI anizcita hai, parantu usakI nizcita sImA saMvat 1521 se pUrva hai / kIrtisiMha3-yaha vIra aura parAkramI rAjA thA, isakA dUsarA nAma kIrtipAla bhI prasiddha thaa| isane apane pitAke rAjyako aura bhI adhika vistRta kara liyA thaa| yaha dayAlu, sahRdaya aura prajAvatsala thA / yaha bhI jainadharmapara vizeSa anurAga rakhatA thA aura usane pitA dvArA Arabdha jaina mUrtiyoMkI aviziSTa khudAIko pUrA kiyA thaa| graMthakAra kavi raidhUne samyaktvakaumudIkI racanA isake rAjyakAlameM kI hai / usameM kIrtisiMhake yazakA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki yaha tomara kularUpI kamaloMko vikasita karanevAlA sUrya thA aura durvArazatruoMke saMgrAmase atRpta thA,aura apane pitA DaMgarasiMhake samAna hI rAjya bhArako dhAraNa karane meM samartha thA / sAmantoMne jise bhArI artha samarpita kiyA thA tathA jisakI yazarUpI latA lokameM vyApta ho rahI thI aura usa samaya yaha kalicakravartI thaa|" jaisA ki nAgaura bhaMDArakI samyaktvakaumudIkI prati (pR0 2) se prakaTa hai| rAjA kIrtisiMhane apane rAjyako khUba pallavita evaM vistRta kiyA thA aura vaha usa samaya mAlaveke samakakSa ho gayA thaa| aura dillIkA bAdazAha bhI kIrtisiMhakI kRpAkA abhilASI banA rahanA cAhatA thA; parantu san 1465 (vi0 saM0 1522) jaunapurake mahamUdazAhake putra huzenazAhane gvAliyarako vijita karane ke lie bahuta bar3I senA bhejI thI, tabase kIrtisiMhane dillIke bAdazAha bahalolalodIkA pakSa chor3a diyA thA aura jaunapuravAloMkA sahAyaka bana gayA thA / san 1478 1 nAgapura vizvavidyAlayakI patrikA 1942 sa. 8 / tathA jaina siddhAntabhAskara bhAga 11 kiraNa domeM prakAzita 'bha0 yazaHkIrti' nAmakA merA lekha / 2 madhyaprAMta tathA barAra ke saMskRta prAkRta granthoMkI sUcI pR0 94 / 3 sva0 zrI gorIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA dvArA sammAdita TADarAjasthAnake pRSTha 250 kI gvAliyara ke taMbaravAlI TippaNImeM kIrtisiMhake dUsare bhAI pRthvIrAjakA ullekha kiyA huA hai jo san 1452 (vi0 saM0 1509) meM jInapura ke sultAna mahamUdazAha zI aura dillIke bAdazAha bahalola lodIke bIca honevAle saMgrAmameM mahamUdazAhake senApati phatahakhAM hAvIke hAthase mArA gayA thaa| parantu kavivara raidhuke graMthoMmeM DUMgarasiMhake eka mAtra putra kIrtisiMhakA hI ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| 4 "tahu kittipAlu, gaMdaNa, garichu, NaM rUba kAmu sabbaha mnntthu| -siddha cakrAvadhAnakI antima prazAsta / 408
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU meM huzainazAha dillI ke bAdazAha bahalola lodIse parAjita ho kara apanI patnI aura sampatti vagairaha ko chor3a kara bhAgA aura bhAga kara gvAliyara meM rAjA kIrtisiMhakI zaraNa meM gayA thaa| taba kIrtisiMhane dhanAdise usakI sahAyatA kI thI aura kAlapI taka use sakuzala pahuMcAyA bhI thA / kIrtisiMhake samayake do lekha san 1468 ( vi0 saM0 1525 ) aura san 1473 ( vi0 saM0 1530 ) ke mile haiM | kIrtisiMhakI mRtyu san 1476 ( vi0 saM0 1536 ) meM huI thI / ataH isakA rAjyakAla saMvat 1510 ke bAda 1516 taka mAnA jAtA hai / ina donoM rAjAoMke samaya meM gvAliyara meM prajA bahuta sukhI evaM samRddha rahI, aura jainadharmakA vahAM khUba gaurava evaM pracAra rahA / samakAlIna vidvAna bhaTTAraka kavivara raidhUne gvAliyarakA paricaya karAte hue vahAMke bhaTTArakoMkA bhI saMkSipta paricaya 'samma - jina cAriu' kI prazastimeM karAyA hai, aura devasena, vimalasena, dharmasena, bhAvasena, sahastrakIrti, guNakIrti, malayakIrti, aura guNabhadra AdikA nAmollekha pUrvaka paricaya diyA hai / unameM se yahAM sahasrakIrtise bAda ke vidvAn bhaTTArakoMkA saMkSipta paricaya diyA jAtA hai jo kavivara ke samakAlIna the / bhaTTAraka guNakIrti - yaha bhaTTAraka sahasrakIrtike ziSya the aura unhIMke bAda bha0 padapara ArUr3ha the / yaha bar3e tapasvI aura jaina siddhAntake marmajJa vidvAn the / inakA zarIra tapazcaraNase atyaMta hue kSINa ho gayA thA, inake laghubhrAtA aura ziSya bha0 yazaH kIrti the / bhaTTAraka guNakIrtine koI sAhityaka racanA kI athavA nahIM, isakA spaSTa ullekha dekhane meM nahIM AyA / parantu itanA jarUra mAlUma hotA hai ki inakI preraNA evaM upadezase aura kuzarAjake Arthika sahayogase, jo gvAliyara ke rAjA vIramadeva ke vizvasanIya maMtrI the, aura jo jinendradevakI pUjAmeM rata the, jisane eka unnata evaM vizAla candraprabhu bhagavAnakA caityAlaya bhI banavAyA thA, jo svargalokakI spardhA karatA thA, inhI kuzarAjane paM0 padmanAbha nAmake eka kAyastha vidvAn dvArA saMskRta bhASA meM 'yazodharacarita' athavA dayAsundara nAmakA eka mahAkAvya bhI banavAyA thA, jaisA ki isa granthakI prazastike nimna padyoMse prakaTa hai-- 52 jJAtA zrI kuzarAja eva sakalakSmApAlacUr3AmaNiH / zrI mattomaravIramasya vidito vizvAsapAtra mahAn / maMtrI maMtravicakSaNaH kSaNamayaH kSINAripakSaH kSaNAt / kSoNyAmIkSaNa rakSaNa kSamamatijainendrapUjArataH // svargasparddhisamRddhiko'tivimalaccaityAlayaH kArito / lokAnAM hRdayaGgamo bahudhanaizcandraprabhasya prabhoH / 406
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________________ voM-abhinandana-grantha yenaitatsamakAlameva ruciraM bhavyaM ca kAvyaM tathA / sAdhu zrIkuzarAjakena sudhiyA kIrtizcirasthApakam // upadezena grantho'yaM guNakIrti mhaamuneH| kAyastha padmanAbhena citaH pRvsuutrtH|| yataH vIramadevakA samaya vi0 saM0 1462 ( I0 san 1405 ) hai; kyoMki usa samaya mallUikabAlakhAMne gvAliyara para car3hAI kI thI parantu use nirAza hokara dillI lauTanA par3A thA / ataH yahI samaya bhaTTAraka guNakIrtikA hai, ve vikrimakI 15 vIM zatIke antima caraNa taka jIvita rahe haiN| bha0 yazaHkIrti-yaha bhaTTAraka guNakIrtike ziSya aura laghubhrAtA the, aura unake bAda paTTadhara hue the / yaha apane samayake acche vidvAn the / inhoMne saMvat 1466 meM vibudhazrIdharakA saMskRta bhaviSyadatta carita aura apabhraMza bhASAkA sukamAlacarita ye donoM grantha apane jJAnA varaNI karmake kSayArtha likhavAye the / mahAkavi raidhUne apane 'sammaijina cariu' kI prazastimeM yazaHkIrtikA nimna zabdoMmeM ullekha kiyA hai "taha puNu su-tava-tAva-tavi yaMgo, bhaya kamala saMboha pyNgo| NiccobhAsiya pavayaNa aMgo, vaMdivisiri jasakitti asNgo| tAsu pasAe kavvu payAsami, Asi vihiu kalimalu nnirnnaasmi|" "bhavva-kamasa-sara-boha-payaMgo, baMdivi siri jasakitti asgo| sammataguNanidhAnakI Adi prazastimeM nimnarUpase smaraNa kiyA hai| bha0 yaza-kIrtine svayaM apanA 'pANDava purANa' vi0 saM0 1467 meM agravAlavaMzI sAhU bIlhAke putra hemarAjakI preraNAse banAyA thA, yaha pahale hisArake nivAsI the aura bAdako dehalImeM rahane lage the, aura dehalI ke bAdazAha mubArakazAhake maMtrI the, vahAM inhoMne eka caityAlaya bhI banavAyA thaa| 1. hindI TADa-rAjasthAna ojhAjI dvArA sampAdita pR0 251 / / 2. "sambat 1486 varSe azvaNivadi 13 soma dine gopAcaladurge rAjA DugarasiMhadeva vijayarAjya pravartamAne zrI kASThAsaMdhai mAthUrAnvaye puSkaragaNe AcArya zrI bhAvasenadevAstatpa? zrI sahasrakIrtidevAstatpa? zrIguNakIrti devAstaziSyena zrIyaza kIrti devena nijajJAnAvaraNI karmakSayArtha idaM sukamAlacaritaM likhApita, kAyasthayAjana putra thalalekhanIya / " "sambat 1486 varSe ASANavadi 9 gurudine gopAcaladurge rAjA DUgarasI (siM) ha rAjya pravartamAne zrI kASThArAMdhe mAthurAnvaye puSkaragaNe AcArya zrI sahasa (sra) kIrtidevAstatpaTeM AcArya guNa kIrtidevA stacchiSya zrI yazaHkIrtidevAstena nijajJAnAyaraNI karmakSayArtha idaM bhaviSyadatta paMcamIkathA likhApitam // 410
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU aura usakI pratiSThA bhI karAyI thI / inakI dUsarI kRti 'harivaMzapurANa' hai jisakI racanA inhoMne vi0 saM0 1500 meM hisArake sAhU divaDDAkI preraNAse kI thI / sAhU divaDhA agravAla kulameM samutpanna hue the aura unakA gotra 'goyala' thaa| ve bar3e dharmAtmA aura zrAvakocita dvAdaza vratoMkA anuSThAna karane vAle inakI tIsarI kRti 'AdityavAra kathA' hai, jise ravivratakathA bhI kahate haiM / aura cauthI racanA 'jinarAtrikathA' hai jisameM zivarAtri kathAke DhaMga para jinarAtrike vratakA phala batalAyA gayA hai / inake sivAya 'caMdapyaha cariu' nAmakA apabhraMza bhASAkA eka grantha aura bhI upalabdha hai jisake kartA kavi yazaHkIrti haiM / caMdraprabhacaritake kartA prastuta yazaHkIrti haiM isakA ThIka nizcaya nahIM; kyoMki isa nAmake aneka vidvAn ho gaye haiN| - bha0 yazaHkIrtiko mahAkavi svayaMbhUdevakA 'harivazaMpurANa' jIrNa zIrNa dazAmeM prApta huA thA aura jo khaMDita bhI ho gayA thA, jisakA unhoMne gvAliyarakI kumara nagarIke jaina mandira meM vyAkhyAna karaneke lie uddhAra kiyA thA / yaha kavivara raidhUke guru the, inakI aura inake ziSyoM kI preraNAse kavi raidhUne aneka granthoMkI racanA kI hai| inakA samaya vikrimakI 15 vIM zatIkA antima caraNa hai, saM01481se 1500 taka to inake astitvakA patA calatA hI hai kintu usake bAda aura kitane samaya taka ve jIvita rahe yaha nizcita batalAnA kaThina hai| bha0 malayakIrti-yaha bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrtike bAda paTTapara pratiSThita hue the / inake ziSya guNabhadra bhaTTAraka the jinhoMne inakI kRpAse aneka kathAgraMtha race haiM / kavi raidhUne 'sammaijinacariu' kI prazastimeM bhaTTAraka malayakIrtikA nimna zabdoMmeM ullekha kiyA hai ?-'uttama-khama-vAseNa amaMdau, malayakitti risivaru ciru nnNdu|' malayakIrtine kina graMthoMkI racanA kI yaha jJAta nahIM ho sakA / bha0 guNabhadra-yadyapi guNabhadranAmake aneka vidvAn hue haiM jinameM uttarapurANAdikake kartA guNabhadra to prasiddha hI haiM / zeSa dUsare guNabhadra nAmake anya vidvAnoMkA yahAM paricaya na dekara malayakIrtike ziSya guNabhadrakA hI paricaya de rahA huuN| bha0 guNabhadra mAthurasaMghI bha0 malayakIrtike ziSya the aura apane guruke bAda gopAcalake paTTapara pratiSThita hue the| inakI racI huI nimna 15 kathAeM hai jo dehalI paMcAyata mandirake guTakA naM0 13-14 meM dI huI haiM, jo saMvat 1602 meM zrAvaNasudI ekAdazI somavArake dina rohataka nagarameM pAtizAha jalAluddInake rAjyakAlameM likhA gayA hai| una kathAoMke nAma isa prakAra haiM-- 1, "taho gaMdaNu NaMdaNu hemarA...u ityAdi" pANDava purANa prazasti / 2. "vikkama-rAyaho vavagaya kAlaI........ityAdi" harigaMzapurANa prazasti / 3, taM jasakitti muNihiM uddhariya........ ityAdi svayaMbhU harivaMza purANa prazasti / 4 jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 11 kiraNa * meM bha0 yazaHkIrti nAmakA lekha / 5 atha saMvatsaresmin zrI nRpa vikramAdityarAjyAt saMvat 1602 varSe zrAvaNa sudi 11 somavAsare rohitAsazubhasthAne pAtisAha jalAladI ( jalAluddIna ) rAjya pravartamAne // cha /
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha 1 aNaMtavayakahA 2 savaNa vArasivihANakahA 3 pakkhavaikahA 4 NahapaMcamIkahA 5 caMdAyaNavaya kahA 6caMdaNa chaTThI kahA 7 NarayautArIvuddhArasa kahA 8 giddahasattamI kahA , mauusattamI kahA 10 pupphaMjalivaya kahA 11 rayaNattayavihANa kahA 12 dahalakkhaNavaya kahA 13 laddhivayavihANa kahA 24 solahakAraNavayavihi 15 sugaMdhadazamI kahA / inameMse saM0 1, 10 aura 12 kI tInoM kathAeM gvAliyara ke jaisavAla vaMzI caudharI lakSmaNasiMhake putra paMDita bhImasenake anurodhase racI gayI haiM aura saM0 2 tathA 13 kI kathAeM gvAliyaravAsI saMghapati sAhu uddharaNake jinamaMdirameM nivAsa karate hue sAhu sAraMgadevake putra devadAsakI preraNAko pAkara banAyI gayI haiM / tathA saM0 7 kI kathA gopAcalavAsI sAhu bIdhAke putra sahajapAlake anurodhase likhI gayI hai / zeSa nau kathAoMke sambandhameM kathA nirmANake nimitta zrAvakoMkA koI paricaya nahIM diyA hai| bhaTTAraka guNabhadra kA samaya bhI vikramakI 15 vIM zatIkA antima caraNa aura 16 vIM zatIkA prAraMbhika hai; kyoMki saMvat 1506 kI likhI huI dhanapAla paMcamI kathAkI lekhakapuSpikAse mAlUma hotA hai ki usa samaya gvAliyarake paTTapara bha0 hemakIrti virAjamAna the,' / aura saMvat 1521 meM rAjA kIrtisiMhake rAjyameM guNabhadra maujUda the, jaba jJAnArNavakI prati likhI gayI thii| inhoMne apanI kathAoMmeM racanAkAla nahIM diyA hai| isIse nizcita samaya mAlUma karane meM bar3I kAThanAI ho jAtI hai| ina vidvAn bhaTTArakoMke atirikta kSemakIrti, hemakIrti, kumArasena, kamalakIrti aura zubhacandra Adike nAma bhI pAye jAte haiN| inameMse kSemakIrti, hemakIrti aura kumArasena ye tInoM hisArakI gaddIke bha0 jAna par3ate haiM ; kyoM ki kavi raidhUke pArzvapurANakI saM0 1549 ko lekhaka-puSpikAmeM jo hisArake caityAlayameM likhI gayI hai ukta tInoM bhaTTArakoMke atirikta bhaTTAraka nemicandrakA nAma bhI diyA huA hai jo kumArasenake paTTapara pratiSThita hue the, usa samaya vahAM zAha sikandarakA rAjya thA / kucha grantha prazastiyoMke aitihAsika ullekha mahAkavi raidhUkI samasta racanAoMmeM yaha vizeSatA pAyI jAtI hai ki unakI Adyanta prazastiyoM meM tatkAlIna aitihAsika ghaTanAoMkA samullekha bhI aMkita hai, jo aitihAsika dRSTise bar3e hI mahattvakA hai aura vaha anusaMdhAna-priya vidvAnoMke lie bahuta hI upayogI hai / una ullekhoMparase gvAliyara, joiNipura (dillI) hisAra tathA AsapAsake anya pradezoMke nivAsI jainiyoMkI pravRtti, AcAra-vicAra aura dhArmika maryAdAkA acchA citraNa kiyA jAsakatA hai, khAsa kara 1 dhanapAla paMcamIkathAkI lekhaka prazasti, kAraMjA-prati / 2 zAnArNavakI lekhaka-puSpikA, jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArAkI prati / 3 pArzvapurANakI lekhaka-pupikA, jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArAkI prati / 412
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________________ mahAkavi raidhU vikramakI 15 vIM zatIke uttaraprAnta vAsI jainiyoMke tAtkAlika jIvana para acchA prakAza DAlA jA sakatA hai / unameM se bataura udAharaNake yahAM kucha ghaTanAoMkA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai / (1) harivaMzapurANakI Adya prazastimeM ullikhita bhaTTAraka kamalakIrtike paTTakA 'kanakAdri' 'suvarNagiri' yA vartamAna sonAgirameM prasthApita honA aura usapara bhaTTAraka zubhacandrake padArUr3ha honekA aitihAsika ullekha bar3e mahattvakA hai / usase yaha spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki gvAliyara bhaTTArakIya gaddIkA eka paTTa sonAgira meM bhI sthApita huA thA, jaisA ki harivaMzapurANakI prazastikI nimna paMktiyoM se prakaTa hai- "kamalakitti uttamakhama dhArau, bhavyahiM bhava-aboNihi taaru| tassa paTTa kaNayahi pariTThiu, siri suhacanda su-tava ukkaMThiu / " ( 2 ) kavike 'sammaijinacariu' ko prazastimeM jainiyoMke AThaveM tIrthaMkara candraprabha bhagavAnakI eka vizAla mUrtike nirmANa karAnekA ullekha nimna prakArase diyA huA hai aura usameM batalAyA hai ki agravAla kulAvataMza saMsAra-zarIra bhogoMse udAsIna, dharmadhyAnase saMtRpta, zastroMke artha rUpI ratna samUhase bhUSita, tathA ekAdaza pratimAoMke saMpAlaka, khelhA nAmake brahmacArI usa zrAvakane muni yazaHkIrtikI vandanA kI, aura kahA ki Apake prasAdase maiMne saMsAra duHkhakA anta karanevAle candraprabha bhagavAna kI eka vizAla mUrtikA nirmANa gvAliyarameM karAyA hai, isa Azayako vyakta karanevAlI mUla paMktiyAM isa prakAra haiM "tA tammi khaNi baMbhavaya-bhAra bhAreNa siri ayakhAlaMka vaMsammi sAreNa / saMsAra-taNu-bhoya-NiviNa citteNa vara dhamma jhANAmaeNeva tittaNa / khelhAhihANeNa NamiUNa guruteNa jasakitti viNayattu maMDiya guNoheNa / bho bhayaNa dAvaggi ulhavaNa NaNadANa saMsAra-jalarAsi-uttAra-vara jANa / tumhahaM pasAeNa bhava-duha-kayaMtassa, sasipaha jiNedassa paDimA visuddhassa / kArAviyA maiMji govAyale tugaM, uDucAvi NAmeNa titthammi suha sNg|" puNyAzravakathAkozakI antima prazastimeM batalAyA hai ki joiNipura (yoginIpura-dillI) ke nivAsI sAhU tosau ke prathama putra nemidAsena, jise candravADake pratAparUdra nAmake rAjAne sanmAnita kiyA thA bahuta prakArakI dhAtu, sphaTika aura vidrumamayI ( mUMgAkI ) agaNita pratimAe banavAyI thIM, aura unakI pratiSThA bhI karAyI thI, tathA candraprabha bhagavAnakA uttuMga zikharoMvAlA eka caityAlaya bhI banavAyA thA / (4) sammattaguNanidhAna nAmake granthakI prathamasaMdhike 17 veM kaDavakase spaSTa hai ki sAhU khemasiMhake putra kamalasiMhane bhagavAna AdinAthakI eka vizAla mUrtikA nirmANa karAyA thA, jo gyAraha hAtha UMcI thI, aura durgatikI vinAzaka, aura mithyAtva rUpI girIndrakelie vajrasamAna, bhavyoM 413
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ke lie zubhagati pradAnakaranevAlI aura dukha-roga-zokakI nAzaka thii| aisI mahatvapUrNa mUrtikI pratiSThA karake mahAn puNyakA saMcaya kiyA thA aura caturvidha saMghakI vinaya bhI kI thii| " (5) 'sammaijinacariu' meM phIroja zAhake dvArA hisAra nagarake vasAye jAne aura usakA paricaya karAte hue vahAM siddhasena aura unake ziSya kanakakIrtikA nAmollekha kiyA hai| ina sabakI puSTi 'puSNAsava, sammataguNanidhAna' tathA jasaharacariu kI' prazazistayoMse hotI hai| (6) hisAranagarake vAsI sahajapAlake putra sahadeva dvArA jina bimbakI pratiSThA karAne aura usa samaya abhilaSita bahuta dAna denekA ullekha bhI 'sammaijinacariu' kI antima prazastimeM diyA huA hai| sAtha hI, sahajapAla ke dvitIyAdi putroM dvArA giranArakI yAtrAke lie caturvidha saMgha calAne tathA usakA kula zrArthika bhAra vahana karanekA bhI samullekha pAyA jAtA hai jaisA ki usake "tAhaM paDhama vara kitti layAharu...ityAdi" ATha padyoMse prakaTa hai / (7) yazodharacaritakI prazastise bhI prakaTa hai ki lAhaNa yA lAhaDapurake nivAsI sAhU kamalasiMhane giranArakI yAtrA sasaMdha apane samasta parijanoMke sAtha kI thI aura yazodhara carita nAmake granthakA nirmANa bhI karAyA thaa| uparokta sabhI samullekha aitihAsika ghaTanAtroMse zropa-prota haiN| inakA dhyAnapUrvaka samIkSaNa karanese inakI mahattAkA sahaja hI bodha ho jAtA hai / ataH ye anveSaka vidvAnoMke lie bhI upayogI siddha hoNge| kavivara raidhUkA samaya kavi raidhU vikramakI 15 vIM zatIke vidvAna the, inakI 'sammattaguNanidhAna' aura 'sukauzalacarita' nAmakI do kRtiyoMko chor3akara zeSa kRtiyoMmeM racanA kAla nahIM diyA hai, jisase nizcita rUpameM yaha batalAnA to kaThina hai ki una saba kRtiyoMkA nirmANakAla kabase kabataka rahA hai; parantu kavi gvAliyarake tomaravaMzI nareza DUgarasiMha aura unake putra kIrtisiMhake samakAlIna haiM aura unhIM ke rAjyameM unakA nirvANa huA hai, jaisA ki pahale likhA gayA hai| kyoMki inakA rAjya samaya vi0 saM0 14. 81 se 1536 taka rahA hai| ataH inakA madhyavartIkAla hI prastuta kavikI racanAoMkA samaya kahA jA sakatA hai / itanA hI nahIM kintu adhikAMza kRtiyAM saMvat 1500 se pUrva hI racI gayI haiM / ataH 15 vIM zatIkA ucarArdha aura 16 vIM zatIkA prArambhika bhAga raidhUkA kAla jAnanA caahiye| kavivarane 'samyaktvaguNa nidhAna' nAmaka graMthakI racanA vi0 saM0 1492ke bhAdrapada zuklA . 1 je girINayarahu jatta pavittau, pavihiya Niya pariyaNa saMjuttau |--yshodhrcrit prshsti| 414
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________________ mahAkavi raddadhU pUrNimA maMgalavAra ke dina pUrNa kI hai| isa graMthako kavine tIna mahIne meM banAkara samApta kiyA thA, jaisA ki ukta graMthake nimna prazasti vAkyase prakaTa hai- caudasya vANau ururAli, varisai gaya vikkamarAya kAli / jijaNa [Na] samakkhi, bhaddavamAsammi sa- seya pakkhi / purANamidiNi kujavAre samoI, suhayAre suhaNAmeM jaNoI / tihumAsayaraMti purANahUu / 'sammatta - guNAhi- NihANu dhUu / sukauzalacaritakI racanA vi0 saM0 1496 mAghavadI 10 vIM ke dina anurAdhA nakSatra meM huI hai jaisAki nimnavAkya se spaSTa hai- sirivikkama samayaMtarAli, vahatai iMdu sama visamakAli / caudaha saya saMccharat zraraNa, charaNauvAhi puNu jAya purANa / mAha duji ki dahamI daNammi, rAhurikkha paryADaya sadAmma / sammatta guNanidhAna graMthako prazasti meM anya granthAkI racanAkA koI ullekha nahIM hai; kintu sukauzalacaritakI prazasti meM nimna graMthoMke race jAnekA spaSTa ullekha upalabdha hotA hai / pAzvanAthacarita, harivaMzapurANa aura balabhadracarita ( padmapurANa) se yaha spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki vi0 1496 . se pUrva inakI AAra inameM ulilakhata granthoMko racanA ho cukA thI / balahaddacariumeM sirpha harivaMzapurANa ( namijinacarita ) kA samullekha milatA hai / jisase balahaddacariuse pUrva harivaMzapurANakI) racanA honekA anumAna hotA hai / harivaMzapurANa meM triSaSThizalAkApuruSacArata ( mahApurANa), meghezvara carita, yazodharacarita, vRttasAra, jIvaMgharacarita ina chaha graMthoMke race jAnekA ullekha kiyA hai jisase yaha spaSTa jAnA jAtA ki ina chaha graMthoMkI racanA bhI vi0 saM0 1466 se pUrva ho cukA thA / sammaijinacariu prazasti meM, meghezvaracarita, triSaSThimahApurANa, siddhacakravidhi, balahaddacariu, - sudarzanazIla kathA aura dhanyakumAracarita nAmake graMthoMkA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / yataH samma - jinacariukA racanAkAla diyA huA nahIM hai ataH yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki inakI racanA kaba huI thI, para inatA to nizcita hai ki ve saba graMtha sammaijinacariuse pUrva race gaye haiM / ina graMthoMke sivAya, karakaNDucarita - siddhAntArkasAra, upadezaratnamAlA, AtmasaMbodhakAvya, puNyAzrava kathA, aura samyaktvakaumudI ye chaha graMtha kaba race gaye haiM ? karakaMDucarita aura triSTha mahApurANa ye donoM graMtha aba taka dekhane meM nahIM Aye haiM / ina granthoM ke atirikta aura bhI graMtha ukta kavivarake race hue hoMge; parantu unakA patA aba bhI kisI zodhakakI pratIkSAmeM haiM / 1 kharataragacchake harisAgarasUrikA zAstrabhaMDAra / 415
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________________ pAiya sAhityakA siMhAvalokana zrI prA0 hIrAlAla Ara0 kApaDiyA, ema0 e0 bhArata aneka bhASAoMkI janmabhUmi hai / suvidhAke lie unheM 1 pAiya (prAkRta ) 2 saMskRta tathA 3 dravir3a ina tIna vargoM meM rakha sakate haiM / Rgvedake nirmANake samaya jo bhASA bolI jAtI thI vaha pAiya (prAkRta) bhASAkA prAcInatama rUpa meMthA / isa bhASAkI koI kRti upalabdha nahIM hai / jainoM kI zraddhamAgadhI (ardhamAgadhI ) tathA bauddhoMkI pAlI pAiyake dvitIya yugake rUpa haiN| Aja bhI ina donoM bhASAoMkA puSkala sAhitya upalabdha hai / viSaya niravadhi hai ataH yahAM pAlI sAhityakI carcA nahIM kareM ge / jaina Agama grantha arddhamAgadhI sAhityake prAcInatama grantha mAne jAte haiM / zvetAmbara mAnyatAnu. sAra inameMse kuchakI racanA bhagavAn mahAvIrake samaya (599-527 I0 pU0) meM huI thI' / chanda, nATya, saMgIta zAstra tathA do bhASAtmaka nATakoMmeM marahaTThI ( mahArASTrI) sorasenI (zaurasenI ) mAgatI (mAgadhI) arahacha (apabhraMza athavA apabhRSTa) pesAI (paizAcI ), Adi aneka prAkRta bhASAtroM tathA boliyoMke nAma milate haiN| vyAkaraNa-pAlIkA vyAkaraNabhI pAlI bhASAmeM hI upalabdhahai isake atirikta anya prAkRtoMkI yaha sthiti nahIM hai / unakI kucha vizeSatAoM tathA saMskRta vyAkaraNakI kucha vAtoMkA digdarzana hI inake vyAkaraNa haiM / udAharaNa ke lie AyArakA (dvi0, 4, 1 rU. 335) tIna vacana-liMga-kAla-puruSa citraNa, ThANakA (aSTama) ATha kAraka nirUpaNa aadi| yaha jyoMkA tyoM aNuaogaddAra (sU0 128) meM pAyA jAtA hai / isa Agamake pR0 105 ba para (1) ekAkSara tathA (2) anekAkSara zabdoMkA ullekha milatA hai / pR0 111-2 ba para liMga vivecana hai| sUtra 124, 125, 130 meM kramazaH cAra, pAMca aura daza prakArakI saMjJAnoMkA ullekha hai / sAta samAsoM ( sU0 130) kA bhI varNana hai / "kappa nijanthI..." (pa0 130) pAMca prakArake padoMkA ullekha karatA hai tathA agale padyameM cAra pradArthoM kA nirdeza hai| 'zrAvassaya' "kI visesAvAssaya bhAsya' marAThI TIkAmeM pAiya bhASAkI vizeSatAoMkA varNana hai|" 1 jaina AgamasAhityakA itihaas| 2 "bhAratIya tathA irAnI adhyayana' nAmaka granthameM zrI kaTArekA prAkRta bhASAoMke nAma' zIrSaka nibandha / 3 "pAiya sAhityake vyAkaraNa-vaiziSTaya" sArvajanika saM043 (aktUbara 1941)
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________________ pAiya sAhityakA siMhAvalokana kozakAra - zobhana munike bhAI, tilakamaJjarIke kartA dharmapAlane apanI kaniSThA bahina sundarIke lie samvat 1029 meM "pAiya-lacchi nAmamAlA' banAyI thI / kalikAla sarvajJa hemacandrasUri (saM0 1195 1267 ) dUsare pAiya kozakAra the / inakI rayanAvalImeM desI (dezya) zabdoM kA prarUpaNa hai / isase hI jJAta hotA hai ki chaha vidvAnoMne isa dizA meM kArya kiyA thA jinameM abhimAnasiMha bhI eka the inakI vRttipara udAttA calane TIkA likhI thI, kintu ve saba grantha aba taka aprApya hI haiM / gopAlane padya desIkoza banAkara saMskRta meM zabdArtha diyA thA / hemacandrake samAna desI zabdoMkA pAiya meM hI artha dene vAle devarAja aura gopAla meM bheda hai / 'taraMgAvalike' yazasvI lekhaka pAdavippasUrine bhI dezI koza likhA thA / zitAGga tathA rAhulake viSaya meM bhI aisI hI kimvadantI hai / chanda zAstra - zrI piGgalakA 'pAiya- piMgala' naudiyar3ayakA gAhAlakkhana, ajJAta nAmaka lekhaka kA kavidappaNa, svayambhUcandra virahAMkakA kAisaTTaha aura ratnazekharakA chandokosa, Adi mudrita pAiyachanda grantha haiM / alaMkAra - anuzro gaddAra meM prApta navarasoMke varNanapara se anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki pAiyaalaMkAra grantha avazya race gaye hoM ge / yadi anumAna nirAdhAra siddha ho to bhI saM0 1961 se pahile likhA gayA alaMkAradappaNa to prApya grantha hai hI / nATaka - kappUramaMjarI samAna saTTakoM ke atirikta bhI pratyeka saMkRta nATaka prAkRtoMse paripUrNa hai / vastutaH inheM saMskRta nATaka kahanA satya nahIM hai kyoMki ina sabameM do se adhika bhASAoM kA upayoga huA hai prAkRtoMkI vividhatA ke lie mRcchakaTikakA sthAna anupama hai / kathA -- apanI vividhatA tathA vipulatA ke kAraNa bhAratIya kathA sAhitya vizva meM vikhyAta hai ! pAiya lekhakoM kI isa kSetra meM bhI bhArI dena hai / uvAsagadasA sundara saMkSipta kahAniyoMkA bhaNDAra hai / haribhadrakI samarAiccakA tathA dhuttAkkhAna sarva vizruta haiM / jaina purANa sAhitya ati vipula hai / 1 kAvya - pravarasenakA setubandha tathA vAkpatirAjakA gauDavaho suprasiddha pAiya mahAkAvya haiM / vAkpatirAjakA 'mahAmohavijaya, sarvasenakA harivijaya aba taka aprApya haiN| govindAbhisoya ke bAraha sargoM meM prathama ATha ke racayitA bilvamaMgala haiM aura zeSa sarga unake ziSya durgAprasAda ne likhe the / ye donoM keraladeza vAsI the / zrIkaNThakA yamaka kAvya, rAmapANivAdake 'usA nirUddha tathA kaMsavaho' Adi anya kAvya grantha haiN| stotra - marAThI pAiya meM aneka jaina stotra haiM; yathA nandiSeNakA ajiyasAnti kAyA, jinaprabhakA pAsanAha lahuthAyA, bhadrabAhukA uvasaggaharathotta tathA tijayapahuttathotta, Adi suprasiddha haiM / kavitAvali - prAcIna yugameM kavitAvaliyoMkA mahattvakA sthAna rahA hai / 'hAlakI gAhA satasaI' 53 417
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha prAkRta sAhitya hI nahIM samagra saMskRta sAhityameM prAcInatama grantha hai| jayavallabhake 'vajjAlagga' para ratnadevagaNine 1393 meM TIkA likhI thii| bhAnucandrake ziSya sidicandragaNi ne 'subhAsiyasaMdohakI' racanA kI thii| bhavabhAvanA Adi pAiya grantha sUktioMse paripUrNa haiN| kumArapAlacariyA bhI nIti vAkyoMse pariplAvita hai| darzana-ardhamAgadhImeM likhita 'pavayaNasAra, paMcasutta sammaipayaraNa, dhammasaMgahaNI, karmagrantha Adi vividha dArzanika grantha haiM / gaNita zAstra-AryabhaTTake gaNita padako TIkAmeM bhAskarane pAiya padya uddhRta kiye haiM, jisa parase pAiya gaNita granthoMkA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai / sUyagaha nijjuttikI sIlAkakRta TIkAmeM tIna gurugAthAeM bhI yahI anumAna karAtI haiM / inake atirikta sUriyapaNNatti, iisiyakaraNDaga, tiloyapaNNatti, Adi grantha gaNita zAstrake ullekhoMse paripUrNa haiN| vividha grantha -jinaprabhasUrikA NANAtitthakahA, durgadavekA richasamuccaya, saggarasuddhi, siddhapAhuNa, mayaNamAuDa, pivItiyANANa, vatthusAra, Adi vividha grantha haiN| ___ yaha ati saMkSipta tathA eka sampradAyake sAhityako hI pradhAnatayA dRSTi meM rakhakara likhA gayA nibandha yaha siddha karaneke lie paryApta haiM ki saMskRtakI bhAMti pratyeka vizvavidyAlayako prAkRta pAThanakI pUrNa vyavasthA karanI cAhiye / isase hamArI dRSTi udAra hogii| aura bhASAke AdhAra para nirmita dalabandI bhI svataH zithila ho jAyagI / 418
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________________ praznottararatnamAlAkA kartA ? zrI paM0 lAlacandra bhagavAn gAndhI praznottara ratnamAlA ke kartRtvake sambandha meM kitane hI samayase matabheda calA AtA hai / eka 29 kI laghukA kRtike bhinna bhinna digambara zvetAmbara jaina, brAhmaNa, bauddha, aneka kartA honA vicitra hai / tathApi bhinna bhinna sthAnoM meM prApta vividha nAma-nirdeza satya gaveSaNA karaneke lie AhvAna karate haiM / sitapaTa- guru vimala nAmayukta mUlakI prAcIna pratiyAM - san 1890 kI AvRtti meM aura pichalI san 1926 ko cauthI AvRttiyoM meM isa kRtike Upara nIce prAcIna prati (saMvegi sAdhu zrIzAntivijayajI kI) ke AdhAra se 'zrIvimala praNItA ( viracitA) praznottararatnamAlA' chupA huA hai ? aura isakI antima 29 vIM AryA meM racayitAne apanA nAma vimala, aura apane vizeSaNameM' sitapaTaguru (zvetAmbarAcArya ) spaSTa sUcita kiyA hai " racitA sitapaTaguruNA vimalA vimalena ratnamAleva / praznottaramAleyaM kaNThagatA kaM na bhUSayati ? // 26 // " lekina sampAdakane vahAM TippaNI meM AryAke sthAnameM do patravAlI ( sUratake zreSThi bhagavAn dAsa preSita ) pothIkA pAThAntara anuSTup zloka bhI diyA hai-- "vivekAt tyaktarAjyena rAjJeyaM ratnamAlikA / racitAmoghavarSeNa sudhiyAM sadalaMkRtiH // " yaha pothI kitanI prAcIna hai ?, athavA yaha zloka-lekhana kitanA prAcIna hai ? mAlUma nahIM / vivekase rAjyakA tyAga karanepara bhI nAmakA moha tyAga na karanevAlA apaneko 'rAjA' zabda dvArA paricita kare pUrva nAmakA tyAga na kare ? eka laghukRtike kartArUpameM apaneko prakaTa kare; yaha vicitra lagatA hai / amoghavarSa nAmaka aneka rAjA ho gaye haiM tathApi kaI digaMbara vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki di0 zrAcArya jinasena 416
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha AdikA jo bhakta thA, vaha isakA kavi honA cAhie, jo vikramakI navamI zatoke antameM, aura dazamI zatIke prArambhameM vidyamAna thaa| suprasiddha paM0 nAthUrAma premIjIne 'jainasAhitya aura itihAsa (pR0 519) meM amoghaSarSakA paricaya karAte hue use isa praznottara ratnamAlAkA kartA batalAyA hai aura sUcita kiyA hai ki "praznottararatnamAlAkA tibbatIbhASAmeM eka anuvAda huA thA, jo milatA hai, aura usake anusAra vaha amodhavarSako banAyI huI hai / aisI dazAmeM use zaGkarAcAryakI, zukayatIndrakI yA vimalasUrikI racanA batalAnA jabardastI hai / " saM05 kI TippaNImeM unhoMne likhA hai- 'zvetAmbara sAhityameM aise kisI vimalasU rikA ullekha nahIM milatA, jisane praznottararatnamAlA banAyI ho| vimalasUrine apane nAmakA ullekha karane vAlA jo antima padya jor3A hai, vaha AryA chandameM hai, parantu aise laghuprakaraNa granthoMmeM antima chanda Ama taurase bhinna hotA hai, jaisA ki praznottararatnamAlAmeM hai aura vahI ThIka mAlUma hotA hai|" yaha kathana sUkSmadRSTise vicAra karane para apuSTasA mAlUma hotA hai / yaha nahIM batAyA kidigambara sAhityameM anyatra kahAM kahAM ullekha milatA hai ki-amoghavarSane yaha praznotararatnamAlA . banAyI thii| tibbatI bhASAkA lekhana aspaSTa aura sandigdha hai, aise lekhana para isa kRtiko amoghavarSakI batalAnA ucita nahIM hai| zvetAmbara sAhityameM vimalasUrikI racanA sUcita karatI huI isa praznottararatnamAlAkI hI chaha sau varSa prAcIna zatAdhika pratiyAM bhinna-bhinna sthAnoMmeM upalabdha haiN| ataH sambhava to yaha hai ki ---AryAmaya mUla granthase alaga mAlUma par3atA amoghavarpa nAmavAlA vaha anuSTupa zloka, sitapaTaguru vimala nirdezavAlI 29 vI AryAke sthAnameM kisIne jor3A hogaa| yaha koI mahAkAvya nahIM hai, ki sargake antima padyoMkI taraha isake antameM bhinna chandoM vAlI racanA cAhiye / prakaraNoM ke antima padya bhinna chandameM honekA koI niyama nahIM hai| ataH aisI dalIloMse isa kRtiko amoghavarSakI batalAnA yukti-yukta pratIta nahIM hotaa| taTastha dRSTise isa nibandhakA manana karane para, isa kRtikA vAstavika kavi sitapaTa-guru vimala pratIta hogaa| yadyapi rAjya tyAganevAle rAjAkA 'rAjA' rUpase paricaya deneke samAna hI 'sitapaTaguruNA' Adi bhI sandehotpAdaka haiM / rAjA amoghavarSa ke nAma-nirdezavAlI praznottara-ratnamAlAkI kitanI prAcIna pratiyAM kahAM kahAM kisa prakAra upalabdha huI hai ? kisIne prakaTa nahIM kiyA, zvetAmbara jaina-samAjake caturvidha saMghameM isakA paThanapAThana-pracAra vyAkhyAnAdi adhika rUpameM calatA rahA hai, aisA mAlUma hotA hai| zvetAmbara jaina vidvAnoM, aura prAcAryoMne isake upara saMkSipta, vistRta, pratyeka praznottarake sAtha kathA-sAhita vRttiyAM vyAkhyA, avacUri, bAlAvabodha, bhASArtha-stavaka (ThavA), vArtika Adi race haiM / saikar3oM varSoM se gujarAtameM isa kRtine acchI 420
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________________ praznottara ratnamAlAkA kartA lokapriyatA pAyI hai / paThana-pAThana ke lie upayukta prakaraNa saMgraha, prakIrNagrantha saMgraha prakaraNa pustikA AdimeM isake prati samAdara darzAyA hai / gujarAta kI prAcIna rAjadhAnI paTTana meM bhinna-bhinna prAcIna jaina graMthabhaMDAroM meM isa praznottara ratnamAlAkI patra para likhI huI 15 pratiyAM vidyamAna haiN| gAyakavADa prAcya granthamAlA ke saM0 76 meM prakAzita 'pattanastha prAcya jainabhANDAgArIya granthasUcI [ tADapatrIya vividhagrantha paricayAtmaka prathama bhAga ]' meM pAMcasau varSoMse adhika prAcIna aneka pratiyoMke ullekha haiM / isake atirikta saMghavI, pahana, DabhoI ( darbhAvatI ), bar3audA, liMbaDI bhaMDAroMkI pratiyoM, madhyaprAnta tathA barArakI saMskRta prAkRta granthasUcI, bIkAnera, landana, iTalIkI graMthasUcI, eziyATika sosAiTI, khaMbhAta, AdikI sUciyoM meM vimalasUri hI isake karttA rUpase udghRta haiM / jarmana tathA phaiJca anuvAdakoMne bhI ise vimalasUri kRta ullekha kiyA hai / vimalasUri ke ullekha - yadyapi pITarsana ne 'paumacariu' ke kartAko bauddha likhA thA kintu zrI haridAsazAstrIke nibandhane usakA prativAda kiyA thA / 'kriyAratna samuccayameM' guNaratnasU rine, gurvAvalI meM muni sundarasUrine tathA dharmasAgarajIne tapAgaccha paTTAvalike anta meM vimalasUrikA smaraNa kiyA hai| navAGgIvRtti meM, tathA darzanazuddhi meM vimalagaNikA ullekha hai / eka vimalacandra pAThaka devasUrike bandhu rUpameM DA0 phlITa dvArA ullikhita haiM / prA. vevarakI jarmana granthasUcI, abhidhAna rAjendra gacchamataprabandha, Adi ukta AryA rUpase vimalasUrikA ullekha karate haiN| isa prakAra aneka vimala guruyoMkI spaSTa saMbhAvanA hote hue bhI vi0 saM0 1223 meM viracita vRttike AdhArapara yahI mAnanA ucita hogA ki isakI racanA isa tithi se pahile ho cukI thI / jaina siddhAntabhavana ArA meM saMkalita kannar3a lipike hastalikhita zAstroMkI sUcImeM 527 saMkhyAka grantha praznottara ratnamAlA hai / isameM kartA rUpase amoghavarSako hI likhA hai / aitihAsika lekhakoM tathA zodhakoMne bhI rASTrakUTa amoghavarSakI kRtiyoM meM ise ginAyA hai / tathApi vizeSa vivaraNa evaM aneka pratiyoM ke abhAva meM usakI mAnyatApara vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / prAkRta rUpAntara -- isakA kisI ajJAta nAma vidvAnane prAkRta meM bhASAntara kiyA hai jisameM "paNhuttara rayaNamAlaM...ityAdi" AziSa vacana hai / isapara uttamaRSine gujarAtI vArtika racA thA, jisakI prati bar3audA jai0 jJA0 ma0 meM ( saM0 1092 ) surakSita hai / jaisalamera ke zAstra bhaNDAroMkI sUcIke AdhAra para vi0 saM0 1223 meM hemaprabhasUrIne isapara 2134 zloka parimANa karanepara yaha samvat zuddha hI pratIta hotA hai| saM0 1429 meM devendrasUrine eka vRtti likhI thI, jisakI saM0 1441, 1486, 1536 meM kI gayI pratilipiyAM paTTana, pUnA tathA barlina meM aba bhI surakSita haiM / vRtti racI thii| vivecana 421
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha isake bAdakI bhI isakI aneka pratilipiyAM bhAratabhara meM milatI haiN| yaha prAcInatama vRtti bhI lekhaka rUpase zrI vimala gurukA smaraNa karatI hai| gujarAtI bAlabodha TIkA vimalasUriko hI karttA batAtI hai / zrIAnandasamudrakI saMkSipta vRti bhI isIkI poSaka hai / isapara nirmita avacUri tathA kathAmaya vRttiyAM bhI yahI siddha karatI haiN| zaMkarAcArya sahita pratiyAM - bRhatstotraratnAkara tathA bRhatstotra - ratnahAra meM vedAnta stotroM ke sAtha mudrita pra0 ratna0 mAlA 'kaH khalu nAlaM kriyate' Adise prArambha hokara 'zrI matparamahaMsa... viracitA' Adi meM samApta hotI hai / varnela keTalAga vAle saMskaraNa se " racitA zaMkaraguruNA vimalA vimalottararatnamAleyaM" Adike sAtha "zrI matparamahaMsa... AdimeM" samApta hotI hai / zaMkara sIrIjameM "... vimalAzca bhAnti satsamAjeSu (67 ) " ke uparAnta ' iti kaNThagatA vimalA.... ' tathA 'zrImatparamasaMsAdi' ke sAtha samApta hotI hai / zaMkarAcArya ke nAma ke sAtha eka anya prati praznottara maNiratnamAlA nAmase milatI hai / isakA prArambha - " apAra saMsAra samudramadhye sammajato me zaraNaM kimasti ? guro ? kRpAlo ? kRpayA vadaitad vizvezapAdAmbuja dIrghanaukA / 1 / " tathA anta -- "kaNThaM gatA zravaNaM gatA vA praznottarAkhyA maNiratnamAlA | tanotu modaM viduSAM suramyA ( prayatnAd ) rameza gaurIza katheva sadyaH // 32 // " 'zrImacchaGkarAcArya viracitA praznottara ratnamAlA samAptA / ' rUpase hotA hai / ina sabakA sthUla parIkSaNa hI yaha siddha karaneke lie paryApta hai ki mUlakRtimeM ye balavad parivartana kiye gaye haiM / phalataH nirAdhAra evaM vyartha haiM / isa saMkSipta sAmagrI ke AdhArapara vicAraka svayameva lekhakakA nirNaya kara sakate haiM / jisameM granthakA antaHparIkSaNa bhI bahuta adhika sAdhaka hogA / 422
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________________ jaina kathAoM kI yorupa yAtrA prA0 kAlIpada mitra ema0 e0, bI0 ela0, sahityAcArya TvAnIkA anuvAda - 'kathAkoza' kA TvAnIkRta anuvAda dekhaneke pazcAt 'kumArapAla - pratibodha' dekhane para yadyapi aisA lagA hai ki bahuta kucha aMzoMkA anuvAda zuddha hai / tathApi TvAnIke anuvAdakI AdhArabhUta prati kisI prAkRta pratikA saMskRta bhASAntara rahI ho gI aisI kalpanA bhI manameM zratI hai| tathA vahI mUla prAkRta grantha kumArapAlapratibodhakA bhI srota honA cAhiye / itanA hI nahIM hemacandrakRta pariziSTa parva bhI AMzika rUpase usI mUlagranthakA bhASAntara honA cAhiye / DA0 upAdhye dvArA sampAdita hariSeNakRta vRhatkathAkozake prakAzita honepara yaha anumAna spaSTa ho gayA hai kyoMki prakRta kathAkoza prAkRta 'ArAdhanA' kA saMskRta rUpa mAtra hai / hariSeNakA zrArAdhanA mUlAdhAra - zrI TvAnIne apane anuvAda meM una bhAgoMkA bhASAntara nahIM kiyA hai jo unheM prApta pratimeM prAkRtameM hI the / tathA samprati ArAdhanA kathAkoza aura ku0 pra0 kI sahAyatAse pUrNa kiye jA sakate haiM / isa prakArake sthaloMkI saMkhyA paryApta hai / kahIM kahIM mUlakI spaSTatAkA ullekha karake TvAnIne yathAmati anuvAdako pUrNa karanekA prayatna kiyA hai? | anuvAda tathA kumA0 prativodhakA pArAyaNa karanepara yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ina donoMkA mUla srota koI prAkRta grantha thA jo ki hariSeNakA 'ArAdhanA' hI ho sakatA hai| jaisA ki DA0 upAdhyeke uparyullikhita grantha se bhI siddha hotA hai / vizva kathAoM kA mUlasrota arAdhanA --TvAnIne apane anuvAda meM yaha bhI saMketa kiyA hai. ki kathAkoza tathA yorUpakI kathAoM meM paryApta samatA hai- (ka) eka kisAna apane bhojana ke eka bhAgako satpAtra meM denekA niyama kiyA thA / tathA yathAzakti vaha jina layako bhI dAna detA thaa| eka dina vaha bahuta bhUkhA thA / patnIke bhojana lAte hI vaha mandira gayA aura satpAtra ( muni, Adi) kI pratIkSA karane lgaa| kisI devako usakI parIkSA 1 kurucandra kathAnaka pR0 79-8, dhanyakathAnaka, bharata kathAnaka pR0 1925 / ( orieNTala TrAnsalezana phaNDa navIM mAlA 2, 1895 ) 12 vahI pRSTha 208 kI kumA0 prati0 pR 59 "akayattassa ityAdi' se tulanA / 423
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha lenekI dhuna savAra huii| vaha tIna bAra muniyoM ke bheSa dhAraNa karake AtA hai aura saba bhojana le jAtA hai|" yaha kathA grimarojakI 81 vI kathAkA smaraNa dilAtI hai jisameM 'brADara lASTiGga' apane bhojanakA tIna cauthAI 'seNTa pITara'ko detA hai jo ki bhikSurUpameM tIna bAra usake sAmane Aye the| (kha) zrArAmazobhA tathA sAMpakI kathA-saMpere dvArA aAhata sAMpakI vidyutprabhA rakSA karatI hai / sAMpa zarIra chor3akara deva rUpameM usake sAmane khar3A ho jAtA hai tathA vara mAMganeko kahatA hai / ' isIkA rUpAntara kADaneke 'aNDara Daisa' 'zrolive vADamaina' meM milatA hai jahAM lizTanaisa kisI duSTa lar3akese sAMpako mukti dilAtA hai / sAMpa mantra-kIlita rAjakumArI nikalatA hai aura vaha apane mukti dAtAse vivAha kara letI hai| (ga) "ArAmazobhAkA eka rAjakumArase vivAha hotA hai / usakI vimAtA use mArakara rAjaputrase apanI lar3akI vivAhanA cAhatI hai / phalataH vaha viSAkta miSTAnna use bhejatI hai|" gojiyana vAcake 'jisIviyanize mAracena'meM matsarI bahineM 'mArajjeDAke' pAsa viSAkta roTa bhejatI haiN| (gha) "ArAmazobhAke putra hotA hai / vimAtA use kueMmeM pheMka detI hai aura usake sthAnapara apanI lar3akIko liTA detI hai|" grimarojako gyArahavIM kathA "ba Daracana tathA zvestaracana" kI vastu bhI aisI hI hai| (Ga) sote samaya RSidattAke mukhako eka rAkSasI raMga detI hai aura vaha rAkSasI samajhI jAtI haiM, Adi kathA grimarojakI tIsarI kathA samAna hai| (ca) sAgaradatta cANDAlase kahatA hai ki damanako mAra DAlo / vaha usakI eka aMgulI kATakara hI sAgaradattako dikhAtA hai / ityAdi kathA bhI grimarojako 29 vI kathAke samAna hai| isa prakAra aneka jaina kAthAeM haiM jinheM yorUpiyana kathAkAroMne apanA liyA thA / kathAeM kaise yorupa gayIM kathAtroMkI yaha yorUpa yAtrA eka nUtana mohaka samasyAko janma detI hai| TvAinIke matase "yorUpakI jina kathAoMmeM ukta prakArakI samatA hai ve bhAratavarSase hI yorUpa ne (udhAra) lI haiM / vAstavameM ye kathAeM parasiyA hokara yorUpa pahuMcI hoM gI / aba loga isa bAtakA apalApa nahIM karate ki vividha kathAe' bhAratase yorUpa AyI thIM / yaha zaMkA 'ki kyA ye bhAratameM hI sarva prathama gaDhI gayI thI ho sakatI hai...yadi dharma pracArakoM, pravAsiyoM, tAtAra AkramaNoM, dharma yuddhoM, vyApArika, Adi mahAyAtrAoM ke samaya ina kathAoMke maukhika AdAna pradAnako dRSTimeM na rakhA jAya / kyoMki nizcayase inhIM avasaroM para bhAratIya jaina kathAoMkI dhArA yorUpakI ora bahI thii|" bhAratIya sAhityakI saphala nirmAtA rAjya 424
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________________ jaina kathAoMkI yorapa yAtrA sabhAtroM dvArA hI ye kathAe bhAratase bAhara gayI hoNgii| eka zaMkA yaha bhI ho sakatI hai ki jainadharma to bahuta kucha bharatakhaNDameM hI rahA hai. phira usakI kathAeM bAhara kaise gayoM ? kintu bhAratIya saMskRtiko jaina dharmakI anupama denakA vicAra karate hI isakA samAdhAna svayaM ho jAtA hai / yaha kahanA ati kaThina hai ki bhAratIya saMskRtiko jaina, bauddha tathA vaidika dharmoM meM se kisane kitanA dAna diyA hai| yaha nizcita hai ki bhAratIya dharmakathAtromaya yorUpIya kathAeM bhAratase hI gayI thIM / pUrvI bhAratake samAna uttara tathA pazcima bhAratakI kathAeM bhI yorUpa pahuMcI haiM / 1922 I0 meM 'jovvanIsa haratala'ne likhA thA ki gujarAta kI zvetAmbara jaina kathAeM bhI yorUpameM pracalita haiM / udAharaNa svarUpa unhoMne saMskRta tathA gujarAtI graMthameM prApta 'ratnacUr3a kathA' kA ullekha kiyA thaa| yahUdiyoMkI kitanI hI kathAoMkA udgamasthAna bhArata thA / bhAratameM kathA sAhityakA bhI AdAna pradAna thA isIlie kitanI ho jaina kathAeM bauddha sAhityameM pAyI jAtI haiM aura bauddha dharmake sAtha ve tibbata, rUsa, grIsa sisalI, iTalI, Adi dezoM taka calI gayI haiN| vAstavameM bhAratIya kathA sAhityameM dharma bheda nahIM hai tathA samasta dharmoMke kathA sAhityako bhAratIya kathA kahanA hI upayukta hogA / jaina, vRhatkathAkozakI isa sAhityameM anupama sthiti hai / isakI 'kaDArapiMga kathA' vAsudeva riMDImeM hI nahIM milatI hai, apitu bar3hate bar3hate iTalI taka gayI haiM aura saMbhavataH zekaspiyarake eka nATakakI mUla vastu bana gayI hai yadyapi bAjalI nATakameM yaha sAdhAraNasI ghaTanA rUpameM upalabdha hotI hai| 1, TvAinI kRta kathAkozake anuvAdakI bhUmikA pR. 96-7 / 2, iNDiyana hisTorIkala kvAraTaralI 1956 sepTe0-disa0 meM lekhakakA lekha ! 425
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________________ uttarAdhyayanasUtrakA viSaya zrI prA0 baladeva upAdhyAya sAhityAcArya, ema0 e0, Adi __ jaina siddhAntake antargata uttarAdhyayanasUtra' kI paryApta pratiSThA tathA mahattA hai| yaha prathama 'mUlasUtra' mAnA jAtA hai / 'mUlasUtra' kA mUlatva kiMmUlaka hai, yaha bhI eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| mUla zabdakA prayoga brAhmaNa tathA bauddha granthoM meM prAcIna vizuddha granthake lie pAyA jAtA hai| paizAcI bRhatkathAke anuvAdaka somadevane apane 'kathAsaritsAgara' meM mUla granthake anugamana karanekI pratijJA kI hai (yathAmUlaM tathaivaitanna manAgapyatikramaH ) / 'mahAvyutpatti' meM prayukta mUlagrantha kA prayoga bhagavAn buddha ke sAkSAt kahe hue vacanoMke lie hI pratIta hotA hai| sUtra' se abhiprAya dArzanika sUtroMke samAna alpAkSara viziSTa vAkyAM yA vAkyAMzoMse nahIM hai, pratyuta mahAvIrake upadezoMke sAra prastuta karaneke kAraNa hI ye grantha isa zabdake dvArA abhihita kiye gaye haiM / 'uttarAdhyayana' ke prathama pada 'uttara'kI vyAkhyA bhI TIkAkAroMke matameM vibhinna sI hai| eka TIkAkArane 'uttara' kA artha zreSTha batalAkara ina sUtroMko siddhAnta granthoM meM zreSTha mAnA hai / parantu granthoMke nAmameM uttara zabdakA prayoga adhikatara 'antima' 'pichalA' ke hI arthameM dIkha par3atA hai| uttara nAma viziSTa granthoMkI saMkhyA kama nahIM hai, parantu sarvatra isakA saMketa 'pUrva' ke viparIta 'pichl|' yA 'antima arthameM hI upayukta dIkhatA hai| uttarakANDa, uttarakhaNDa, uttaragrantha, uttaratantra, uttara tApanIya -Adi granthoMke nAma isa kathanake spaSTa pramANa hai| bhagavAna mahAvIrake antima upadeza hone ke kAraNa ho isa granthakA yaha nAmakaraNa haiN| jainiyoMkA sacela sampradAya batalAtA hai ki mahAvIrane apane antima pajusanameM bure karmoMke nirdezaka pacapana adhyAyoMko tathA chattIsa vinA pUche hue praznoMkI vyAkhyA karake apanA zarIra chor3A (chattosa...apuTTa vAgaraNAI ) / antima granthase TIkAkAra isI uttarA 1 etAnyadhyayana:ni nigamanaM sarveSAmadhyayanAnAm / pradhAnatve'pi rUDhyA'mUnyeva uttarAdhyayana zabda vAcakatvena prsiddhaani| -nandI ttiikaa| 2 vartamAnameM pracalita sUtragranthoM ko kevala zvetAmbara sampradAya hI sarvathA satya mAnatA hai| mUla sampradAyakI dRSTi meM ma.rya samrATa candraguptake rAjyakAlake antameM hue dvAdazavAya durbhikSake kAraNa tathA zrutakevaliyoMke abhAvake kAraNa aMga sAhitya dUSita ho gayA thaa| 426
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________________ uttarAdhyayana sUtrakA viSaya dhyayanako grahaNa karate haiM / aura yaha honA svAbhAvika hI hai| isa graMtha meM 36 prakaraNa yA adhyayana hai / 'apRSTa vyAkaraNa' kA lakSya yaha graMtha bhalI bhAMti ho hI sakatA hai| sAdhAraNatayA prazna pUchane para hI mahAvIra ne unakA samucita uttara diyA hai, parantu isa sUtra meM prazna nahIM pUche jAne para bhI siddhAntoMkA vyAkaraNa hai antameM yaha sUtra mahAvIrakI hI sAkSAt dezanA batalAyA gayA hai "ii pAukare buddhe nAyae pariNivvue / chattIsa uttarajjhAe bhavasiddhIyasammae | ina pramANoMse yahI siddha hotA hai ki yaha grantha bhagavAna mahAvIrakI hI dezanA hai aura antima saMkalana hai / arthAt uttarAdhyayanake vAkya mahAvIrake hI mukhase nikale hue amRtamaya upadeza haiM / isI mAnyatA tathA siddhAntake kAraNa isa graMtha ko itanA gaurava prApta hai yahAM maiM una logoMkI bAta nahIM karatA jinakI isa siddhAntameM AsthA hai / uttarAdhyayana ke antargata 36 prakaraNa yA adhyayana haiM : inake anuzIlana karanese aneka mahatva pUrNa tathyoM kA paricaya hameM prApta hotA hai / ina prakaraNoMke viSayoM kA sAmaJjasya TIkAkAroMne dikhalAne kA zlAghanIya udyoga kiyA hai| graMthakA uddezya naye yatiko jaina dharmake mAnanIya tathA mananIya siddhAntoMkA upadeza denA hai / kinhIM kinhIM prakaraNoM meM siddhAntakA hI ekamAtra pratipAdana hai. parantu anya prakaraNoM meM prAcIna AkhyAna tathA kathAnakoMke dvArA siddhAntako rocaka tathA hRdayaMgama banAyA gayA hai / rUkhe sUkhe siddhAntoMko AkhyAnoMke dvArA paripuSTa tathA sundara banAkara janatAko upadeza denekI prathA bar3I prAcIna hai / jainI loga isa kArya meM bar3e hI siddhahasta siddha hue haiN| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraM zameM jaina kathA - sAhityakI pracuratA kA yahI rahasya hai / uttarAdhyayanake antima ATha dasa adhyAyoM meM zuddha siddhAntoMkA hI pratipAdana kiyA gayA haiyathA 24 veM prakaraNameM 'samiti kA varNana hai 26 meM samAyArI ( samyak AcaraNa ) kA; 28 meM mokSamArga gatikA, 30 meM tapasyAkA 33 meM karmakA, 35 meM lezyAkA tathA 36 meM jIva, jIvake vibhAgakA vizada varNana hai / eka bAta dhyAna denekI yaha hai ki yaha grantha zAstrIya paddhati para likhe gaye granthoM ( jaise umAsvAmIkA tattvArthasUtra Adi ) se pratipAdana zailI meM nitAnta pRthak hai / ina pichale graMthoM kI racanA eka viziSTa tarkakA anusaraNa karake kI gayI hai, parantu usa tArkika vyavasthAkA yahAM abhAva hai / yaha viziSTatA isa graMthI prAcInatAko sUcita karanevAlI hai / brAhmaNoM tathA bauddhoM dvArA AkramaNa kiye jAne para tArkika zailIkA anugamana nitAnta Avazyaka thA, parantu isa prAcIna grantha meM anAvazyaka hone se isakA anudhAvana nahIM hai, pratyuta zraddhAlu janatAke sAmane jainadharmakA upAdeya upadeza sIdhe sAde zabdoM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| DA0 kArapenTiyarane ina adhyAyoM ko pIche jor3A gayA mAnA hai; yaha sambhava ho sakatA hai, jaina anuyAyI sampradAya meM yaha graMtha sadAse hI 36 adhyAyoMse yukta mAnA gayA hai / parantu jaina siddhAntoMke nidarzana rUpase jo AkhyAna yahAM diye gaye haiM ve nitAnta prAcIna haiM, isameM 427
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha sandeha karanekI jagaha nahIM hai / inameM se katipaya prAcIna AkhyAnoMkI yahAM carcA kI jA rahI hai / upalabdha AkhyAnoMmeM nimna likhita pAMca niHsandigdha sudUra prAcInakAlase sambandha rakhate haiM (1) rAjA nimIkA kathAnaka nauveM adhyayanameM AyA hai / ye mithilAke rAjA the aura cAra samakAlIna pratyekabuddhoM yA svayaM sambuddhoMmeM anyatama the / svayaMsambuddhoM' se abhiprAya una siddha puruSoMse hai jo vinA kisI guruke hI apane hI prayatnase bodhi prApta karanevAle hote haiM / ve apanA jJAna dUsaroMko dekara mukta nahIM kara sakate / ve 'torthekara' se isa bAtameM bhinna hote haiM / rAjA nimikI saMbodhi tathA vairAgyakA AkhyAna apanI lokapriyatAke kAraNa vaidika-bauddha sAhityameM bhI hai| brAhmaNake veSameM indrake prazna karane para nimine apanI vartamAna vairAgyamayI sthitikA bar3A hI sundara varNana kiyA hai| nimikI yaha prasiddha ukti yahAM upalabdha hotI hai-hamAre pAsa koI bhI vastu vidyamAna nahIM hai / hama akiJcana haiM / hama sukhase jIvana vitAte haiM / mithilAke jala jAne para bhI merA kucha bhI nahIM jltaa| (2) harikezakI kathA-(12 veM adhyayanameM)-isa kathAke dvArA tapasyA karanevAle dharmazIla cANDAlakI zreSThatA yAjJika brAhmaNoMse bar3hakara siddhi kI gayI hai / TIkAkAroMne kathAkA savistara varNana TIkAmeM kiyA hai / bauddhoMke 'mAtaGga jAtaka' ( jAtaka 4/97) meM bhI aisA hI AkhyAna hai / 'yajJa kI yahAM AdhyAtmika vyAkhyAkI gayI hai / brAhmaNoMke praznapara harikezane isakI acchI mImAMsA kI hai tapa agni (jyoti ) hai; jIva agnisthAna (vedi ) hai; kAryoMke lie utsAha stuvA hai; zarIra gomaya hai, karma hI merA indhana hai; saMyama, yoga tathA zAnti RSiyoMke dvArA prazaMsita homa hai jisakA maiM havana karatA huuN|' dharma hI merA tAlAba hai, brahmacarya nirmala tathA AtmAke lie prasanna, zAnta tIrtha ( nahAne kA sthAna ) hai; usa meM snAna kara, maiM vimala, vizuddha tathA zItala hokara apane doSako chor3a rahA hUM2 ?' yajJakI yaha AdhyAtmika kalpanA upaniSadoMmeM bhI grAhya hai| jJAnakANDakI dRSTimeM karmakANDakA mUlya adhika nahIM haiM / isalie muNDaka upaniSadeM yajJa adRr3ha naukA rUpa batalAyA gatA hai (plavA hyete adRDhA yjnyruupaaH)| (3) citrasaMbhUtakI kathA-(13 a0 )-isa kathAke anurUpa hI bauddha jAtaka 'cittasaMbhUta' (jA0 498) kI kathA hai / jAtakakI gAthAoMke zAbdika anukaraNa bhI yahAM bahulatAse upalabdha hote haiM / 1 suhaM vasAmoM jIvAmo yesi no nasthi kiMcaNa ! mihilAe ujjhamANIe name ujjhai kiMcaNa // 2 tavo jII jovo joIthANaM jogA suyA sarIra kArisaMga kammehA rAMjaya joga santI homa hugAmi isiNa pasatthaM // 44 / / dhamme harae bambhe santititthe agAvile attapasanna lese| jahiM si nAo vimalo visuddho susIio pajahAmi dosa // 46 / 428
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________________ uttarAdhyayanasUtrakA viSaya citra jaina muni the tathA bhoga vilAsoMse virakta hokara tApasa jIvana vyatIta karate the / saMbhUta rAjA the aura bhogoMmeM AkaNTha magna the| donoM prAcIna janmameM suhRda the isI bhAvase prerita hokara citrane saMbhUtako bar3A sundara upadeza diyA-samaya bIta rahA hai / dina jaldI bIta rahe haiM / manuSyoMke bhoga kathamapi nitya nahIM haiM / ve manuSyake pAsa Ate haiM aura use usI prakAra chor3a dete haiM jisa prakAra pakSI phalahIna vRkSa ko|' ...... (4) isukArako kathA-(14 a0 )--isameM karmAsakta purohita tathA unake jJAnI tapasvI putroMkA adhyAtma viSayaka vArtAlApa hai / bauddhoMke hastipAla jAtaka (jAH 509) meM isakI spaSTa sUcanA hai / bhRgu aura unakI patnI vAsiSThikA bar3A manorama tathA zikSAprada saMvAda bhI isI bhAvanAse aotaprota hai| kyoMki vedapAThako muktikA sAdhana na mAnakara isameM tapasyA tathA niSkAma jIvanako muktikA upAya batalAyA hai| (5) rathanemikI kathA--(22 a0) bhagavAna kRSNacandrakI kathAse yaha kathA sambaddha hai| ariSTanemine jainamatAnuyAyI muni banakara apanI manonIta patnIkAbhI parityAga kara diyaa| rathanemi unhIM ke . bhAI the, para caritra meM hIna the| 23 veM adhyayanake anuzIlanase usa samaya pArzvanAtha tathA mahAvIrake anuyAyiyoMke paraspara matabhedakA patA calatA hai / isa paricchedako hama aitihAsika dRSThise bar3e mahattvakA mAnate haiM / mahAvIrake samAna pArzvanAtha bhI aitihAsika puruSa haiM, isameM sandeha karanekI jagaha nahIM hai| jaina sampradAyakI yaha mAnyatA ki ve mahAvIrase DhAI sau varSa pahale utpanna hue, nitAnta saccI hai / kezI pArzvanAthake matAnuyAyI ye tathA gautama mahAvIra ke / kahA jAtA hai ki pArzvanAtha cAra vratake upadeSTA the tathA mahAvIra pAMca vratoM ke / brahmacarya (paMcama vrata ) kA grahaNa aparigrahake antargata pArzvanAthako mAnya thA, parantu kAlAntarameM isa vratake Upara vizeSa jora denekI AvazyakatA honese isakA nirdeza alaga kiyA gyaa| vastrake viSayameM donoMke vibhedakA yahAM spaSTa ullekha hai| pArzvanAtha yatiyoMke lie vastra-paridhAna ke pakSapAtI the, para mahAvIra paridhAnake ekAnta virodhI the2 / gautamakI vyAkhyAse isakA dhArmika rahasya sphuTita hotA hai ki mokSake sAdhanake lie jJAna, darzana tathA caritrakI AvazyakatA hai, bAhya AcaraNakI nahIM aha bhave painnA u mokkhsbbhuuysaahnnaa| nANaM dasaNaM ceva carittaM ceSa nicchae // (23 / 33) 1, acce kAlo taranti rAio na yAvi bhogA purisANa niccA / uvicca bhogA purisaM cayaMti dumaM jahA khINaphala va pakkhI / / (13/31) 2 acelago ya jo dhammo jo imo sntruttro| desio badamANeNa pAseNa ya mahAjasA // 29. 429
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ___ gautamake uttaroMse prasanna hokara kezI bhI apane prAcIna matakA moha chor3akara mahAvIrakA pakkA anuyAyI bana jAtA hai / jainamatake isa prAcIna vRttakI jAnakArIke lie yaha adhyayana atyanta upakAraka hai / pacIsaveM adhyayanameM brAhmaNatvakI bar3I hI sundara vyAkhyA hai / yajJa karanevAle brAhmaNa vijayaghoSa tathA janamatAvalambI sAdhu jayaghoSa ke bIca veda tathA yajJake rahasyake viSayameM upAdeya praznottara hai| sAdhu jI bAharI karma kANDako anAdarakI dRSTi se dekhate the| inhoMne apane matakA pratipAdana aneka gAthAoM ke dvArA kiyA-- aggihuttamuhA veyA jannaTThI veyasA muhaM / nakkhattANa muhaM cando dhammANa kAsavo muha // 16 // 'vedakA mukhya viSaya agnihotra hai; yajJakA pradhAna viSaya usakA tAtparya hai, nakSatroMkA mukha candramA hai aura dharmoM meM mukhya kAzpaya (RSabha ) kA dharma hai arthAt dhammoM meM jainamata hI zreSTha hai|' brAhmaNake sacce svarUpakI jo vyAkhyA yahAM kI gayI hai, vaha mahAbhArata, dhammapada tathA suttanipAtake sAtha mela khAtI hai | mahAbhAratameM aneka sthaloMpara brAhmaNatvakI vizada vyAkhyA hai| vahI viSaya dhammapadake 'brAhmaNa varga' meM tathA suttanipAtake 'brAhmaNadharmika sutta' meM bar3I sundaratAse pratipAdita hai / artha sAmyake sAtha hI sAtha pada-sAmya bhI aneka sthAnoM para Azcarya janaka hai| yaha aMza atyanta prAcInatA kI tathA sAhityika saundaryakI dRSTi se nitAnta gauravapUrNa hai| brAhmaNa satyakA saccA upAsaka hotA hai na jaTAhi na gottehi na jaccA hoti braahmnno|| yamhi saccaJca dhammo ca so sucI soca brAhmaNo // 24 // dhammapada kohA vA jai vA hAsA lohA vA jai vA bhyaa| musaM na vayaI jou taM vayaM bUma mAhaNaM // 25 // jisa prakAra jalameM utpanna hone para bhI kamala jalase lipta nahIM rahatA, usI prakAra brAhmaNa bhI kAmameM alita rahatA hai jahAM pomaM jale jAyaM novalippai vAriNA / evaM ali kAmehiM taM vayaM bUma mAhaNaM // 27 // yaha upamA dhammapadameM bhI prayukta huI hai (vAri pokkhara patteva) brAhmaNa tathA tapasvIkI pahicAna bhItarI guNoM se hotI hai, bAharI guNoMse nahIM / zramaNakI pahacAna samatA hai, brAhmaNako brahmacarya, munikI jJAna aura tApasakI tapasyA / samayAe samaNo hoi bambhacereNa bammaNo / nANeNa ca muNI hoi TaveNa hoi tApaso // 31 //
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________________ uttarAdhyayana sUtrakA viSaya zvetAmbaroM kI mAnyatA ke anusAra gotama gotrI sthUlabhadrakI adhyakSatA meM pATalIputrameM 300 I0 ghU0 ke AsapAsa jaina muniyoMkI jo samiti huI usImeM aMgoM kA lipibandhana kArya sapanna huA | bhASA tathA bhAva - ubhaya dRSTiyoMse uttarAdhyayanakI prAcInatA svataH siddha hai / ataH yaha usa samaya bhI siddhAnta meM sammilita thA, mAnanemeM vizeSa vipratipatti nahIM pratIta hotI / upadezoMkI sundaratA ke kAraNa yaha graMtha nitAnta lokapriya hai / jaina dharmake svarUpakI samIkSA karanese spaSTa hI pratIta hotA ki bhAratIya saMskRtiko ahiMsAmaya banAne kA zreya use hI hai / isakI chAyA upaniSadoM meM nihita siddhAntoM meM vikAsita huI hai / yajJoMke hiMsAtmaka hone se jainadharma usakA nindaka hai, dArzanika jagat meM sAMkhyoMne bhI isa matakI udbhAvanA kI / yajJoMmeM kSaya, atizaya tathA avizuddhi honese sAMkhya yajJoMko doSayukta hI mAnatA hai / yajJoM meM pazuhiMsA honeke kAraNa hI samagra phalameM kiJcit nyUnatA A jAtI hai / vyAsabhASya meM ise 'AvApagamana' kahA hai ' / yajJoMko naukA ( plavA ete adRDhA yajJarUpAH) upaniSad bhI batalAte haiM / isIlie AraNyakoM meM hI yajJakI bhAvanAko vistRta rUpa diyA gayA hai / zrImadbhagavadgItA isI vizAla yajJa bhAvanAkI caturtha adhyAya meM vyAkhyA karatI hai / bAhya AcAra tathA zaucakI apekSA Abhyantara zauca para agraha karanA upaniSadoM kA bhI pakSa hai aura jainadharmameM to isakA samudra hI hai / upaniSadoMmeM kisI eka hI matake pratipAdana kI bAta ( ekAnta ) aitihAsika dRSTise nitAnta haiya hai / unakI samatA to usa jJAnake mAnasarovara ( anekAnta ) se hai jahAM se bhinna bhinna dhArmika tathA dArzanika dhArAeM nikalakara isa bhArata bhUmiko ApyAyita karatI AyI haiM / isa dhArA (syAdvAda ) ko agrasara karanemeM hI jaina jainadharmakA mahattva hai / isa dharmakA AcaraNa sadA pratyeka jIvakA kartavya hai / vardhamAna mahAvIrane spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai jarA jAva na pIDeDa vAhI jAva na ghttuiH| jAviMdiyA na hAyaMti tAva dhammaM samAyare // 1 lekhakakA 'bhAratIya darzana' (pRSTa 335 ) 431
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________________ aupapAtika-sUtrakA viSaya zrI DA0 vimalacaraNa lA, ema0 e0, bI0 ela0, pIeca. DI , DI0 liTa0 aovAiya-sUya' (aupapAtika sUtra) athavA 'uvavAiya sUya' ive. jaina upAGgoMmeM sarvaprathama hai / uvavAiyakA artha sattA hotA hai / isapara abhayadevasUrikI prAcInatama TIkA hai| isameM 186 sUtra haiM pratyeka satra viSaya vizeSakA paricAyaka sandarbha hai athavA padya sUtra meM pratyeka gAthA yA pAda kisI viSayakA varNana karatA hai / prArambhika sUtra gadya tathA antima padya rUpa haiM / sUtra 168-9 siddhoMkI sthiti tathA svabhAvake prarUpaka honeke kAraNa vizeSa mohaka haiM / 49, 56, 76 tathA 144 sUtroMmeM isI prakAra ke smRti sandarbha haiM / varNanakI zailI vaicitrya liye hue hai arthAt mUla tathA vivecana eka hI jagaha ekatrit ho gaye haiN| samasta vastu bhagavAna mahAvIra tathA campAke kuNikake milana tathA bha0 mahAvIra aura gaNadhara indrabhUtike praznottara ke prasaMgase upasthita kI gayI hai| samasta vivecanakA pradhAna uddezya bha0 mahAvIrakI sarvopari mahattA tathA lokottara vyaktittvakA jJApana unake upadezoMkI kaivalyase utpatti,vIrake 'gRhastha sAdhaka naiSTika anuyAyiyoMkI unnata avasthA, ko samajhAnA hai / tathA siddhapada sarvopari hai / dvitIya bhAga ( sUtra 62-189) meM guru paramparAkA varNana hai| abhidhamma piTakakA 'puggalapaNNatti' bhAga prANi vargakA vikAsa kramase varNana karatA hai, kintu vaha saba varNana manovaijJAni tathA prAcAra mUlaka hai ; aitihAsika nahIM / 'nitthA' athavA lakSyoM ke pratipAdaka sUtra inakI ThIka viparIta dizAmeM par3ate haiN| vastuke sAkSAt pratipAdanAtmaka zailI aupapAtika sUtrakI apanI vizeSatA hai| varNanameM svAbhAvikatA tathA saralatA sarvatra lakSita hotI haiN| ataH yai sahaja kalAsA pratIta hotA hai / Atmavijaya tathA Atma-siddhi rUpa jaina saiddhAntika AdazoMse aotaprota hokara bhI isakI racanA spaSTa, dhArAvAhI, 1 yadyapi sUtra granthoMke vartamAna rUpameM digambara tathA zvetAmbaromeM bheda hai tathAthi unake nAma aura pradhAna varNya viSayoM ko lekara aisI sthiti nahIM hai| 'DAsa0 aupapAtika sUtra' nAmase zrI I0lyUmanane isa sUtrako 'abhA0kyUra DAI ku0 mo0, hara0 vona DA0 DayU. mo0 gaisa0 "bhA08,2 lipajiga 1883") / saMskRta TIkA sahita dUsarA saMskaraNa Agamodaya granthamAlAse nikalA hai| ena0 jI0 sUrUkA vivecanAtmaka saMskaraNa vizeSa upayogI hai| 2 esa0 levI (ja0 e0 1912 TI0 20) / 432
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________________ aupapAtika sUtrakA viSaya gambhIra tathA sAragarbhita hai / campAnagarI, puNNabhadda upAzraya, usake udyAnoMke azoka vRkSa, vimbasArakA putra rAjA kuNika, rAnI dhAriNI tathA bha0 mahAvIrake varNana spaSTa tathA sAGgopAGga haiN| isake sAtha sAtha bha0 vIrake samavazaraNa tathA rAjA kuNikakI bandanAyAtrA ke citraNa bhI cittAkarSaka haiM / papAtika sUtra ke anusAra vaimAnika deva uttama deva haiM / inake bAda jyotiSI, vyantara, bhavanavAsI Ate haiM / vaimAnika deva, saudharma, IzAna, sAnatkumAra, mAhendra, brahma, lAntaMva, kApiSTha, zukra, sahasrAra Adi svagameM vibhakta haiM / sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra, tArakAdi jyotiSI deva haiN| bhUta, pizAca, yakSa, rAkSasa, kinnara, kiMpuruSa, gandharva, Adi vyantara deva haiN| asura, nAga, suparNa, vidyuta, ami, dIpa, samudra, dik, pavana, Adi bhavanavAsI deva haiN| inase nimna zreNI ke jIvoMmeM pRthvI - jala-anivAyukAyika jIva ginAye haiM / svastika, zrIvatsa, nandyAvarta, varddhamAnaka, bhadrAsana, kalaza, matsya tathA darpaNa ye ATha (aSTa- ) maMgala dravya haiM(sU0 49) / agale (53-5) sUtroM meM kucha aura maMgala dravyoMkI bhI carcA hai / sAmAjika jIvana se brAhmaNoMkI pradhAnatAko samApta karaneke uddezya se katipaya maMgala dravyoMkI kalpanA kI gayI hai| bauddhadharma meM bhI isakA anusaraNa hai" tIrthaMkaroM ke lakSaNoM kA varNana karate hue una saba zaMkha padmAdikA varNana hai jo vaidika sAhitya meM bhI pAye jAte haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIrako dharma cakrakA pravartaka zreSTha cakravartI kahA hai / bauddha sAhitya meM bhI isakI samatA samupalabdha hai / vAnaprastha grahaNa karake gaMgA ke kinAre tapasyA meM lIna tApasoMke varNana meM agnipUjaka sakuTumba sAdhuyoM kA varNana hai jo bhUmipara sote the / ve yAga-yajJAdimeM lIna, saparigraha vyakti the / pAnIke kalaza tathA rasoIke vartana unakA parigraha thA / ve vibhinna prakAra se tapa karate the - koI zaMkha athavA kuladhamanaka bajAte the, koI carma tathA mAMsake lie hiraNa mArate the to dUsare kama hiMsAko karaneke lie hAthIko mArate the, koI sIdhA daNDa liye athavA eka dizA meM dRSTi ekAgra kiye calate the / ve nadI athavA samudratIra para vRkSamUla meM rahate the / pAnI, vAyu jala, vanaspati, mUla, kanda, valkala, phUla, bIja Adi unake bhojya padArtha the | paMcAgni tapa karake unhoMne apane zarIrako jalA diyA thA / isI sUtra meM pavaiyA samaNoMkA bhI ullekha hai jo aziSTa prakAra se indriya bhogoM meM lIna the tathA nRtyagAna hI jinakI sAdhanA thI / isImeM brAhmaNa tathA kSatriya parivrAjakoMke bhedakA varNana hai / una dArzanikoMkA varNana hai jo kapilakA sAMkhya, bhArgavakA yoga, Adi mArgakA anusaraNa karate the tathA bhAratIya tapamArgake bahUdakA kuTivratA, haMsA tathA paramahaMsA zreNiyoMke dyotaka the| koI koI kRSNa parivrAjaka the / AjIvikoMko 1 khuddaka pAThAntargata maMgala sutta pR0 2-3, mahAmaMgala jAtaka saM0 453, suttanipAta pR0 46-7 / 2 aupapAtika sUtra bhA0 16, dIghanikAya bhA0 3. lakkhaNa suttanta / 55 433
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha alaga ginAyA hai / inakA varNana theravAda (vi0 120 ) ke hI samAna hai / tapasviyoMke gamya ( sAdhya ) kA zreNi vibhAga bhI rocaka hai / isa varNanameM bauddha prapaJcasUdanI tathA upaniSadoMke varNanameM samatA hai / ghoSAlake SaD-abhijAta siddhAntakI isase tulanA kI jA sakatI hai / aupapAtikasUtrake matase gRhasthasAdhu vyantara, vAnaprastha jyotiSI, parivrAjakabrahmaloka, aura AjIvika acyuta padako maraNake bAda prApta karate haiM / bauddha brahmaghoSake matase brAhmaNa brahmaloka, tApasa AbhassAra loka, parivrAjaka subha-kiNNaloka tathA AjIvika anantamAnasa loka jAte haiM / isa sUtrameM aise viraktoMkA bhI varNana hai jo apanA sArA saMsAra tyAgakara gRhasthoMke bhaleke lie hI prayatna karate haiM, aise loga hI aneka janma bAda abhiyogika deva hote haiN| NiNhaNa (nihaka ) sAdhuaoMkA bhI ullekha haiM jo prApta vacanoM kI upekSA karake vipathagAmI ho jAte haiM / ve dravya-sAdhu mAtra haiN| aise hI logoM meM terAsiyoM ( trairAzika) kI gaNanA hai aneka janma dhAraNa karake ye loga bhI upari veyakoMmeM janma lete haiM / aise bhI dharmAtmA haiM jinakA AcAra zuddha hai tathA naitikatAse apanI AjIvikA karate haiM / apane grahIta vratoMkA pAlana karate haiM tathA hiMsAse dUra rahate haiM / krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobhase pare rahate haiM / ve Adarza gRhastha upAsaka haiM jo mara kara acyuta kalpa taka jAte haiM / gRhastha sarvathA rAga dveSa mukta nahIM ho sakatA hai aura na pUrNa rUpase hiMsAkA hI tyAga kara sakatA hai| yaha saba ve hI kara sakate haiM jo vIraprabhuke mArgapara calakara saba kucha chor3akara gupti-samiti Adi kA pAlana karate haiM / dIkSita sAdhuoMmeM jinakA parama Atma vikAsa nahIM hotA ve mara kara sarvArthasiddhi meM utpanna hote haiM / tathA jinheM pUrNa tapa dvArA kaivalya prApti ho gayI hai ve "loga-agga-paiTThANA havanti / " antameM siddhoMkA vizada vivecana hai| ise kevalakathA, IsapabbhAra, taNu, taNutaNu, siddhiloka, mukti, Adi nAmoMse kahA hai| yaha avinAzI, ananta aura lokottara hai| IsapabbhAra ati pracalita nAma hai / yaha devaloka tathA brahmakalpase bahuta Upara hai / yadyapi ise 'pRthvI' zabda dvArA kahA jAtA hai jahAM siddha ananta kAla paryanta raheMge / janma, hAni, maraNa tathA punarjanma cakrase siddha loka pare hai / saMsArameM rahate hue siddha ( bhavya ) jIva zArIrika kaSTa,sImita Ayu, nAma, vaMza Adi bandhanoMse mukti nahIM pA sakate / phalataH AtmAko bAMdha rakhanevAlI samasta sAMsArika upAdhiyoMko sarvathA naSTa karake ve mukta hote haiM / saMsArI avasthAmeM ve nitya naimittika kArya karate haiM / isa prakAra jaba pUrNa kaivalyako prApta kara lete haiM to ve paudgalika sthitiko samApta kara dete haiM aura samasta upAdhiyoMkA Atyantika kSaya kara dete haiM / jainadharma sammata jIvakA carama vikAsa vaha cirasthAyI zAzvata vizva hai jahAM mukta jIvoMkA nivAsa hai / sAdhAraNa jijJAsukI 've vahAM kaise samaya vyatIta karate haiM ? isa jijJAsAkA yaha sUtra uttara nahIM detaa| 1, prapaJcasUdanI 2, pR. 1 TippaNa / 434
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________________ aupapAtika sUtrakA viSaya yaha sUtra riu(Rg )-veda, yajuveda ( yajurveda ), sAmaveda, ahaNNa (atharSa )-veda, itihAsa ( paJcama veda ) nighaNTu, chaha vedAGga, chaha upAMga, rahassa ( sya ) grantha, SaSThitaMtra, Adi vaidika sAhityakI tAlikA detA hai / saMkkhANa ( aMka gaNita ), sikkhA (dhvani ), kappa, vAgaraNa (vyAkaraNa) chanda, nirutta (kta), joiSa ( jyautiSa' ), Adi ke sahAyaka grantha rUpameM hI vedAGgoMkA nirUpaNa hai / isameM sAMkhya tathA yoga darzanoMkA hI ullekha hai yadyapi aNuaogaddAra suttameM bauddha sAsanaM, visesiyaM, lokAyataM, purANa, vyAkaraNa, nATaka, vaisikaM, koDilIyaM, kAma sUtra, ghoDayamuhaM Adike ullekha haiM / vatthuvijjA (vAstuzAstra) kA nirdeza hai / tathA nagara, pura, grAma, vividhabhavana, prAsAda, sabhAgRha, durga, gopura, sAja sajjA, nirmANa, tathA khAda parIkSA, bhavana nirmANa, sAmagrI parIkSA, udyAna nirmANa, Adi isake kSetrameM Ate haiN| nirmAtA 'thapati' athavA baDaDhaki nAmase prasiddha the| takSaNa pASANotkIrNana Adi isI vidyAke aMga the| jaina sAhitya 'nakkhatta vijA' ke vikAsakA varNana karate haiM / sUrya candrAdike sthAna, gati, saMkramaNa, prabhAva, AdikA vizada vivecana milatA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki sUtrakI racanAke samaya loga grahaNa, nakSatra, graha, RtuoM, Adise hI paricita nahIM the apitu jyautiSI, Rtu, vRSTi, Adike samayameM bhaviSyavANI bhI karate the / bauddha sAhityase bhI isakA samarthana hotA hai| campA nagarameM rAjA bimbasArake putra kuNikake abhiSeka mahotsavakA varNana hai| isa samaya prabhu vIra bhI vahAM padhAre the puNNabhadda caityameM utsava huA thaa| isake cAroM ora saghana vana the| vividha sthAnoM tathA vargoM ke loga prabhuke darzanArtha Aye the| licchavi, malla, ikSvAku, jJAtri, Adi kSatriya vahAM Aye the / rAjapitA bimbasAra utsavameM nahIM the| rAjAkI patniyoMmeM dhAriNI athavA subhadrA pramukha thIM / ajAtazatrukI patnI tathA prasenajitakI putrI vajirAkI isa prasaMgameM anupasthiti rahasyamaya hai / aMga tathA magadhake rAjanaitika sambandhoM kI bhI carcA nahIM hai| kuNikakA abhiSeka aMgake kumArAmAtya rUpase huA thA athavA svataMtra zAsaka rUpase; isa viSayakI sUcanA sUtrameM nahIM hai / zaMkA hotI hai ki kyA kuNika ajAtazatru hI thA / yahAM para saba vyaktiyoMkA Adarza citraNa hai / rAjAmeM bauddhika tathA kAyika sabhI zubha lakSaNa the phalataH vaha abhinandanIya, AdaraNIya evaM pUjanIya thA / rAniyAM bhI zIla-saundaryakA bhaMDAra thii| parikhA, gopura, prAsAda, bhavana, udyAna krIDAsthala, sampatti, samRddhi, sthAyI Ananda, Adike kAraNa svarga samAna hI thI / ina saba varNanoMse vIraprabhukI mahattA tathA viraktikA citraNa hotA hai| kintu varNanoM tathA ullekhoMse spaSTa hai ki yaha sUtra bhagavAna vIra tathA unake upadezoM ke bahuta samaya bAda likhA gayA hogaa| 1. au. sU. vi. 160-7 // 2. o. sU, vi, 77 / 435
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha gaNanAyaka, daNDanAyaka tathA talavAra Adike ullekha sUcita karate haiM ki sUtra I0 san ke bAdakA hai / aisA lagatA hai ki zvetAmbara jaina lekhaka bauddha tathA brAhmaNa lekhakoMko parAsta karane ke lie kaTibaddha the; bha0mahAvIrake zarIra-varNanake prakaraNase aisA lakSita hotA hai| jahAM bauddha buddhake zArIrika lakSaNoMkI sakhyA 22 batAte haiM vahIM yaha sUtra 8000 kahatA hai / tathApi kucha aise prAcInatara ullekha haiM jo pAlI sandarbhoko spaSTa kara dete haiM; udAharaNArtha bauddha nikAyoMmeM 'itihAsa paJcama' ke pUrva AyA atharvavedakA ullekha, yadyapi davva (dravya ) kheta (kSetra ), kAla, loya ( loka ) aloya (aloka ), jIva, ajIva, bandha, mokSa, Adike vivecana prArambhika koTike hI haiN|
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________________ dhavalAdi siddhAnta graMthoMkA saMkSipta paricaya zrI paM0 lokanAtha zAstrI graMtha paricaya-- antima tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIra svAmIkI divya-dhvanikI gautama gaNadharane dvAdazAMga itake rUpameM racanA kI / jisakA jJAna prAcArya paraMparAse kramazaH kama hote hue dharasenAcArya taka AyA / unhoMne bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAdake aMtargata 'pUrva evaM pAMcaveM aMga vyAkhyAprajJaptike kucha aMzoMko puSpadaMta aura bhUtabaliko pddh'aayaa| unhoMne 'satkarma pAhuDa' kI chaha hajAra sUtroMmeM racanA kI / isakA nAma SaTkhaMDAgama-siddhAnta hai / jisameM jIva sthAna, kSullaka baMdha, baMdhasAmitta-vicaya, vedanA, vargaNA, aura mahAbaMdha nAmake chaha vibhAga haiM / usake pahaleke pAMca khaMDoM para vIrasena svAmIne dhavalA nAmakI TIkA yA bhASyakI racanA zaka saM0 738 meM pUrI kii| yaha 72 hajAra zloka parimANa hai| SaDkhaMDAgamakA chaThavAM khaNDa mahAbaMdha yA mahAdhavala hai jisakI racanA svayaM bhUtabali AcArya ne bahuta vistArase 40 hajAra zloka parimANa gadya rUpase hI kI hai / usa para vizeSa TIkAeM nahIM racI gyiiN| dharasenAcArya ke samayameM guNadhara nAmake eka aura prAcArya hue haiM / unheM bhI dvAdazAMgakA kucha zAna thaa| unhoMne kaSAyaprAbhRtakI racanA kii| use pejjadosapAhuDa bhI kahate haiM / isakA AryamaMkSu aura nAgahastine vyAkhyAna kiyA aura yativRSabhAcAryane usa para cUrNI-sUtra rce| isa para bhI zrI vIrasena svAmIne TIkA kI / paraMtu, ve usake AdyaMzapara 20 hajAra zloka parimANa TIkA likhakara hI svargavAsI ho gaye / taba unake suyogya ziSya jinasenAcAryane 40 hajAra parimANa aura TIkA likhakara use pUrA kiyA / isa TIkA yA bhASyakA nAma jayadhavalA hai / isakA parimANa 60 hajAra hai| ina tInoM graMthoMkI tADapatrIya pratiyAM mUDabidrIke siddhAnta maMdira meM virAjamAna haiN| unameM dhavalA kI tIna pratiyAM haiM / tInoMke akSara samakAlIna jAna par3ate haiN| unameMse eka prati prAyaH pUrNa hai / dUsarI pratimeM bIcake kaI patra nahIM haiN| aura tIsarI pratimeM to sekar3oM patra nahIM haiN| jayadhavalAkI eka hI prati hai| vaha saMpUrNa hai / mahAbaMdhakI eka hI prati tADapatrakI hai| jisameM bIca bIcake kaI tADapatra nahIM haiN|
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha viSaya paricaya- (1) SaDkhaMDoMmeM prathama khaMDakA nAma jIvasthAna hai / usameM satsaMkhyAdi ATha anuyoga se guNasthAna aura mArgaNa sthAnoMkA Azraya lekara jIvasvarUpakA varNana hai / (2) dUsare khaMDakA nAma kSudrabaMdha yA kSullaka baMdha hai / isa khaMDa meM svAmitvAdi gyAraha prarUpaNA meM karmabaMdha karanevAle jIvoMkA karma baMdhake bhedoM sahita varNana hai / (3) tIsare khaMDakA nAma baMdha-svAmitva-vicaya hai / isameM kitanI prakRtiyoMkA kisa jIva ke kahAM taka baMdha hotA hai ? kitanI prakRtiyoMkI kisa guNasthAnameM vyucchitti hotI hai ? ityAdi karmabaMdha saMbaMdhI viSayoMkA jIvakI apekSA se vizada vivecana hai / (4) vedanA khaMDa cauthA hai / isa khaMDa ke aMtargata kRti aura vedanA anuyogake Azrayase, kAraNakI pradhAnatAse vedanAkA adhika vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai / (5) pAMcaveM khaMDakA nAma vargaNA hai / isa khaMDakA mukhyAdhikAra baMdhanIya' hai / jisameM teIsa prakArakI vargaNAoMkA varNana aura unameMse karmabaMdhake yogya vargaNAtroM kA vistArase vivecana kiyA gayA hai / (6) chaThe khaMDakA nAma mahAbaMdha hai / usameM bhUtabali AcAryane prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza ina cAroM prakArake baMdhoMkA vidhAna khUba vistAra se kiyA hai / hama upara batalA cuke hai ki kaSAyaprAbhRtako 'pejjadosapAhuDa' bhI kahate haiM / isameM paMdraha adhikAra haiN| unameMse pejjadosa vihatti meM kevala udayakI pradhAnatA se vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai / Ageke caudaha adhikAroM meM baMdha, udaya aura sattva Adike Azrayase kaSAyoMkA vistRta vivecana hai | darzanamohanIya aura cAritramohanIya karma, rAga, dveSa, moharUpa evaM kaSAya aura no- kaSAyarUpa hai / SaDkhaMDAgamameM aneka anuyogoM dvArA ATha kamoMke baMdha, baMdhaka, AdikA vistAra se varNana hai / paraMtu isa kaSAyaprAbhRta meM kevala mohanIya karmakA hI mukhyatAse varNana hai / kaSAyaprAbhRtameM tIna graMtha eka sAtha calate haiM / kaSAyaprAbhRta mUla gAthAeM hai jo ki guNadharAcArya kRta haiM / aura usa para yativRSabhAcArya kI cUrNI-vRtti evaM zrI vIrasenasvAmIkI jayadhavalA TIkA hai / tADapatrIya pratiyoMkA lekhana kAla- dhavalA saM 0 1 kI antima prazastise vidita hotA ki maMDalinADuke bhujabala gaMgapermaDi devakI kAkI eDavi demiyakkane yaha prati zrutapaMcamI vratake udyApana ke samaya zubhacaMdrAcAryako samarpita kI thii| zubhacaMdrAcArya dezIgaNa ke the / aura bannikere utturaMga caityAlaya meM usa samaya virAjamAna the / zubhacaMdradevakI guruparaMparA, va unake svargavAsakA samaya zravaNabelagolA zilAlekha saM0 43 ( 117 ) meM pAye jAte haiM, unakA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1045 zrAvaNa zu0 10 zukravArako huA thA / arthAt unako svargastha karIba 822 varSa hue haiM / 438
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________________ dhavalAdi siddhAntagraMthoMkA saMkSipta paricaya zimogA ke eka zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki ukta bannikere caityAlayakA nirmANa zaka saM0 1305 meM huA hai / tADapatra graMtha saM 0 1 dhavalAko demiyakkane jinnapaseThIse likhavAkara zAstra dAna kiyA thA / isakA zra. be. zilAlekha saM0 46 (129 ) meM savistara varNana hai / usameM unakA nAma demati, devamati, demiyaka ityAdi diyA hai| unheM zubhacandradevakI ziSyA tathA zreSThirAja cAMmuMDarAyakI patnI likhA hai / unakI dharmAnubuddhikI khUba prazaMsA kI hai / ukta demiyakkA kA svargavAsa zaka. saM0 1042 vikAri saMvatsara phAlguna kRSNa 11 ko huA thA / ataeva patA calatA hai ki dhavalA saM0 1 pratiko likhavAkara mikkane apane svargavAsake pUrva arthAt zaka 1037 aura 1042 ke bIca meM zubhacandradevako arpaNa kiyA hogA | aba taka use karIba 827 varSa hue haiN| antima tIna 'baMda' padyoMmeM likhA hai ki kopala nAmake prasiddha nirtyave pura meM jinna paseThI nAmakA eka zrAvaka rahatA thaa| vaha dAnazUraM evaM samasta lekhaka varga meM yA vidvAnoM meM atyaMta catura aura jinabhakta thA / ityAdi vizeSaNoMse usakI prazaMsA kI hai| itanA hI nahIM tIsare padya meM usake sundara akSaroMkA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki usakI akSara paMkti aisI pratIta hotI hai mAno samudrameM sthita motiyoM ko nikAlakara unheM cheda karake sarasvatI devIke kaMThakA alaMkAra hAra hI gUMthA ho / sacamuca meM isa pratike akSara motI ke samAna atyaMta suMdara haiM / uparokta prazaMsti-padyoMkA saMgraha yahAM zrAvazyaka nahIM hai / dhavalAkI dUsarI prati isakI aMtima prazastise jJAta hotA hai ki, ise rAjA gaMDarAdityadevake paDevala arthAt senApati mallideva ne likhavAkara kulabhUSaNa muniko arpaNa kiyA thaa| ve kulabhUSaNamuni AcArya padmanaMdike ziSya the / mUla saMgha meM kuMdakuMdAcAryakI paraMparAmeM hue the / ukta mallidevakI prazaMsA meM kaI padya haiN| 'sujana cUDAmaNi' ratnatrayabhUSaNa' Adi vizeSaNoM se unakA smaraNa kiyA hai / ukta padyoMmeM se kucha padya nimna prakAra haiM guNanidhi-mallinAtha-De vallananiMdita, kuMdakuMda-bhUSaNa kulabhUSaNoddha-munipaMge jinAgama tatra satprarUpaNamenisirdudaM dhavaleyaM paramAgamamaM jinezvarapraNuta manolpini bareyisittanidaM kRtakRtya nAdano // senAnirmallinAthAkhyo vizrutyA vizvabhUtale / gaMDarAdityadevasya maMtrI maMtriguNAnvitaH // dhavalAkI tIsarI pratimeM prazasti nahIM hai, to bhI samakAlIna akSaroMse jAna par3atA hai ki pUrvok donoM pratiyAM lagabhaga 800 varSa pahale kI haiM / 439
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha jayadhavalAkI prati- siddhAnta maMdira meM jayadhavalAkI tADapatrIya prati eka hI hai| use balliseTTine likhakara arpaNa kiyA thaa| aMtima prazasti meM padmasenamuniko prazaMsA meM karnATaka padya haiM / unameM unako 'jaina siddhAnta-vananidhi tArAdhipa', 'vANivArAsi - saiddhAntika cUDAratna' aura 'kumatakudhara vajrAyudha' ityAdi upAdhiyoM se smaraNa kiyA hai ( yaha padmasenAcArya kulabhUSaNa ke guru padmanaMdI hI hoMge ) prazasti meM padmasena ke bAda unake ziSya kulabhUSaNa kA smaraNa kiyA hai / ukta prazasti meM lekhaka ballisehiko 'vaizya kuladIdhiti', 'gaNya puNyanidhi' aura 'zaucaguNAMbu nidhi, Adi upAdhiyoMse vibhUSita kiyA hai| vaha itanA udAra thA ki svArjita dravyako zAstradAna Adi meM vyaya karatA thA / ukta muni padmasena yA padyanaMdi aura balliseTTIkA samaya vicAraNIya hai / mahAbaMdha kI prati- mahAbaMdha kI tADapatrIya pratiko rAjA zAMtisenakI patnI pallikAMbAne udayAditya se likhavA kara zrI paMcamI vrata udyApanA ke samaya AcArya zrI mAghanaMdiko samarpita kiyA thaa| ukta graMthakI aMtima prazasti meM likhA hai ki uparokta mAghanaMdyAcArya AcArya zrI meghacaMdrake ziSya the / ukta mAghanaMdi AcArya, rAjA zAMtisena aura mallikAMcAkA samaya vicAraNIya hai / 440
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________________ ajJAta - nAma kartRka-vyAkaraNa zrI DA0 banArasIdAsa jaina ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0 jisa vyAkaraNake kucha sUtra nIce uddhRta kiye jAte haiM, usakA na to nAma mAlUma hai aura na kartA / isake prAraMbhake kevala 105 sUtra upalabdha hue haiM jo eka tAr3a-patrIya pratike pahale aura dUsare patra pa nevArI akSaroM meM likhe milate haiM / yaha prati nepAla dezake kaThamAMDU bhaMDArameM surakSita hai / isake kula 16 patra haiM / pahale do patroM para prastuta vyAkaraNakA aMza aura zeSa 14 ( 3- 16 ) patroM para puruSottamakRta prAkRtAnuzAsanake antima 18 (3-20 ) adhyAya likhe hue haiM / samagra prati eka hI hAthakI likhI huI pratIta hotI hai / aisA jAna par3atA hai ki isa pratimeM do vyAkaraNoMke patra mizrita ho gaye haiM- ajJAta nAma vyAkaraNa ke prathama do aura prAkRtAnuzAsana ke aMtima caudaha / eka ho hAthake akSara honese yaha bhUla nivAraNa nahIM ho sakI / pratike anta meM lipikAla nepAlI saM0 385 ( vi0 saM0 1322 ) diyA hai / isase yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki pahale kisa vyAkaraNakI lipi huI / nepAla- narezakI AjJA se isa pratike phoTo banavAye gaye / eka saiTa vizva bhAratI zAntiniketana ko bhejA gayA, dUsarA phrAMsa meM pairisakI lAyabrerI ko / vahAMse pro0 luijyA nitta dolacI ne isa pratikA saMpAdana kiyA jo san 1938 meM prakAzita huA / san 1636 meM mahAyuddha chir3a jAnese yaha pustaka / bhArata meM Ane se rukI rhii| abhI pichale varSa hI lAhaura AyI hai jJAna nahIM thA / yadi ajJAta - nAma vyAkaraNakA lipikAla bhI saM0 yaha vyAkaraNa saM0 1322 se pahale kI racanA hai, tathA pracAra hogA / isase pUrva ina vyAkaraNoM ke astitvakA 1322 ho, to isase siddha hotA hai ki nepAlameM kisI samaya prAkRtakA acchA isa lekha ke dvArA jaina vidvAnoMkA dhyAna jAtA hai tAki ve isakI pUrNa prati DhUMDanekA prayatna jinakA saMsArameM nAma taka prakaTa nahIM huA hai / ajJAta nAma prAkRta vyAkaraNakI ora AkarSita kiyA kareM / jaina bhaMDAroM meM aba bhI kaI aise graMtha surakSita haiM 1 1. "lI prAkRtAnuzAsana DI puruSottama para liMgia nittI - Dola- perisa " 1937 pR 141 mUlya 10 ziliMga / isameM ajJAta - nAma kartRka vyAkaraNakA upalabdha aMza prakAzita kiyA gayA hai / 56 441
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________________ varNI abhinandana-graMtha nepAla se prApta ajJAtanAma-kartRka prAkRta-vyAkaraNake sUtra-- OM namo buddhAya / / (1) R R la la na santyatra nomo na NAnAH pRthak / na zaSau dvivacanaJcaiva caturthI dRzyate kvacit // (2) e zrau padAdau // (3) audauto vA // (4) aidaitH|| (5) kvacidedidItaH // (6) udodAdautaH // (7) AdidItAmet / / (8) eta it // (9) ata idotau|| (10) ata uH2|| (11) ita uH // (12) Ita uH // (13) Uta e: // (14) AdIdUtAmalope'saMyoge hrasvaH / / (15) dADhA // (16) AdidutAM kvaciddIrghaH // (17) vyaJjanAduta zroH // (18) udotoridutau // (19) Rto'didudAtaH // (20) urUri savyaJjanasya ca // (21) idutau vA // (22) IdarI // (23) lulyoriliH // (24) raH parasavarNaH // (25) DaDhaNababhamadadhanarahitavargA varNA -apadAdau nAyuktAt // (26) kudutuSokateSAM // (27) tathakakhaghadhabhAM hH|| (28) ho bH|| (29) ta lopo NaDapaDarakakArAzca / / (30) aMkAlaM // (31) veNTaM // (32) To DaDhau // (33) phaalhN|| (34) dUruH // (35) vasya huH // (36) pho bhaH // (37) yavaraDAM lH|| 1, pratike prArambhameM aMka 1 se milatA huA saMketAtmaka U~ hai jise nittI-dolacIne chor3a diyA hai / 2, pratikA pATha autH| 3, pratimeM-ita uuH| 1, pratimeM-Ita : 5, pratimeM dudedAtaH / 442
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________________ ajJAta-nAma kartRka-vyAkaraNa (38) NaDAlagharavaTAm // (39 kAlopaH pUrvasya vAca // (40) kagacajadapA mapadAdAva saMyuktAnAM lopaH (41) vo bahulam // (42) uH|| (43) yaH padAdau 'jaa|| (44) lopo'nyatra // (45) cajoryaH // (46) po vaH // (47) phaH / / (48) do ddH|| (49) tAdI cAdayaH zayAM // (50) sarANThAdayaH / / (51) zaSozcha sahAH / / (52)prathamatRtIyAnAMmaNaralasasaMyoginAM tadbhAva (53) kheDaM / (54) prathamasaMyoge prathamadvitIyau // (55) samasaMyoge prathamA visarga dvitIya caturthA kSaram // (56) padAdau kSasya jhacchakhAH // (57) madhyAntayo yuktAH // (58) kSamasya cchaho // (56) cchamA // (60) dhmasya drumaH // (61) dvazca // (62) STasya TThioThAkAzca / / (63) stasya padAdau thaThakhAH // (64) Tho'nyatra // (65) yasya jjala dvau // (66) sejjA // (67) zmasmayo shH|| (68) maSyayo haH // (69) suNhA / / (70) connH|| (71) do rH|| (72) rorIra vahAH // (73) dIha dIharau dIrghasya / / (74) manalaya pUrvo haH parastAtyaH / / (75) ho ndaH / (76) kSasya jjhH| (77) soho vaa| (78) pyasyomaH (76) zasya jaNau padAdau / (80) saMyuktAvapadAdau / (81 zaSoH sNyogaadelopH| (82) skasta spanAM khthphaaH| (83) SNasnoH snnH| (84) tnasya daNaM / (85) zrAddhataH sdhigrN| 1, pratimeM pdaadaadii| 2, yahAM pratimeM eka akSara par3hA nahIM jaataa| 3, yahAM pratimeM parastetyaH pAThaH hai 4, pratimeM skastasyanAM pATha hai|
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________________ varNI abhinandana-graMtha (86) zlamloH salamalau (88) no nnH| (90) saMyoge lopH| (62) appaH / (64) Tado rante sdau| (96) ata zrokAre / (68) hrarhAveva pdaadau| (100) bhISmAdayo na mahArASTeSu // (102) dvivacanasya bahuvacanam / (104) bahuvacanasya kcillopH| (87) psazco cchH| (89) ch| (91) manoH puurvsvrnnH| (63) madhyalopAvAdi svaro vaa| (95) tyorlopH| (67) saMyogAt karaNaM kacidasvarasya / (99) dadha kahAra parA gAthA pA masmakeSu / (101) harAdayaH zabdaH samAnAH / (103 sa zrI puMsi / (105) anabha..." 444
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________________ kannar3a bhASAko janoMkI dena zrI prA0 ke0 jI0 kundanAgara, ema0 e0 ____ kannar3a bhASAke nirmAtAoM tathA kannar3a sAhityake vidhAtAoMmeM jainiyoMkA sarva prathama tathA sarvottama sthAna hai / isa dizAmeM unhoMne itanA adhika kArya kiyA hai ki, bhASA, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, chanda, darzana, gaNita, rAjanIti, vijJAna, TIkA Adi koI bhI zAkhA unake kartRtvase achUtI nahIM hai / bhAvI karNATakiyoMke lie unhoMne aisI samRddhi chor3I hai jisake lie unakI santAna sadaiva RNI rhegii| samaya anukUla thA; yadi rAjAzrayameM ve likhate the to vidvAna bhI unakI racanAtroMkA samAdara karate the / ve svayaM bhI vividha bhASAoMke paMDita the tathA janatAkA dharmaprema unakI pratyeka racanAko janapadake kone kone taka le jAtA thaa| isa prakAra bar3hate bar3hate jaina sAhitya karNATakake vidvAnoM aura dharmAtmAoMkI ArAdhanAkA viSaya bana gayA thaa| aise vizAla sAhityake digdarzana mAtrakA yahAM prayatna kiyA jA rahA hai kyoMki usakA AMzika varNana bhI kaThina hai phira pUrNa vivecanakI to kahanA hI kyA hai / isa vivecanameM caudahavIM zatIke prArambha takake sAhityake saMketa rheNge| kyoMki tabataka ina manISiyoMkA kArya pUrNa ho cukA thaa| zrutakevalI bhadrabAhuke netRtvameM jaina saMghakI dakSiNa yAtrA tathA unakA zravaNa belagolameM nivAsake samayase hI dakSiNameM jaina dharmakA prasAra prArambha hotA hai| apane dharmake pracArake lie pUrNa prayatna karake bhI ve cola rAjAoMke damanake kAraNa tAmila janapadameM asaphala hI rhe| dUsarI ora karNATakake gaMga, cAlukya, rASTrakUTa, kadamba, hoyasala zAsaka saba dharmoM ke prati udAra the phalataH jainadharma vahAM saralatAse phUlA phlaa| Adhunika dharma pracArakoMke samAna jainAcAryoMne bhI apane siddhAntoMko hRdayaMgama karaneke lie kannar3a bhASAko mAdhyama banAyA thA jaisA bauddhoMne bhI kiyA thA kyoM ki azoka-lekha tathA bauddha vihAra karNATakameM mile haiM / hAM kannar3ameM koI sAhitya avazya nahIM milA hai| hAlamiDi lekhase jJAta hotA hai ki cauthI zatI pU0 se lekara I0 4 zatI I0 ke madhyataka kannar3a likhane par3hane yogya na ho sakI thI phalataH saMskRta prAkRtase zabda lekara jainoMne ise samRddha kiyaa| tathA kitane hI kannar3a zabdoMko prAkRtameM bhI liyA phalataH kannar3a zabda bhI tatsama, tadbhava aura dezya ho sake / kamala, kusuma, vIra, bAta, saMgama, mokSa, Adi saMskRta zabda tatsama haiM / inake arthoke vAcaka kannar3a zabda hote hue bhI campa tathA zailIkI dRSThise tatsama 445
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________________ voM-abhinandana-grantha zabda apanAye gaye the| karagasa (krakaca ) agga ( argha ) vehAra ( vyavahAra ) sakkada ( saMskRta ) ssiI (zrI) Adi tadbhava zabda haiM jo saMskRta zabdoMke prAkRtamaya kannar3a rUpa haiN| sarasati ( sarasvatI ), vijodara (vidyAdhara ), dujodhana ( duryodhana ) Adi tadbhava nAma haiM / ( vagga-vyAghra ), tigalapere (sasi-zazI) bardu ( milatu mRtyu), yadu ( zrosada auSadhi ), bAn (Agasa=aAkAza ), Adi dezya zabda haiN| inake atirikta agala ( rakevI), bhAvari ( muni bhikSA), ariyerukAra ( cara ), raMdavaNiga (pAcaka ), mAdela (pUMjI ), Adi zabda bhI banAye gaye the ese kitane hI zabdoMkA aba bhI calana hai / tathA vaktavyake samajhAneke lie saMskRta zabdoMkA yatheccha prayoga huA hai| zabdoMke nirmANake sAtha sAtha kannar3apara saMskRta vyAkaraNakI bhI chAyA par3I hai| saMskRta varNamAlA saMjJAeM, sAtakAraka, sambandhavAcI sarvanAma, samAsa, sati-saptamI, karmavAcya, Adi isake hI suphala haiN| jainoMke isa parivarddhanake kAraNa kitane hI vidvAna kannar3ako saMskRtakI putrI kalpanA karate haiM / saMskRta chandoMkA upayoga drAvir3a SaTpAdi, tripAdi, ragale, akkara, Adi chandoMke sAtha kiyA hai| sAhitya nirmANa-kannar3a jaina kavi tathA lekhakoMne sarvatra samantabhadra, kaviparamezvara tathA pUjyapAdakA smaraNa kiyA hai ina AcAryoMkI lekhanIse bhI kannar3ameM kucha likhA gayA thA yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA, hAM inake saMskRta prAkRta granthoMpara kannar3ameM TIkAeM avazya upalabdha haiM / zrI vardhadeva; aparanAma tuMbalarAcAryane (650 I0 ) tattvArtha mahAzAstrapara cUr3AmaNi TIkA likhI thii| inake samakAlIna zAMmakuMdAcArya ne kannar3a prAbhRtoMkI racanA kI thii| arthAt isa samaya taka kannar3a bhASA dArzanika grantha tathA kavitA likhane yogya ho gayI thii| isa samayase lekara rASTrakUTa rAjA, nRpatuMga deva ( 814-78 I0 ) takake antarAlameM nirmita koI grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| nRpatuMgadeva apane 'kavi rAjamArga' meM kitane kannaDa gadya padya nirmAtAoM kA sasammAna ullekha karate hai| bhAmahake kAvyAlaMkAra, daMDIke kAvyAdarzase liye jAnepara bhI isa granthake viSayameM bhASA aura padyoMkI anukUlatAkI dRSTi se parivartana kiyA gayA hai / inakA uttara-dakSiNa mArga bheda kannar3a bhASA vijJAnake prArambhakAdyotaka hai / 877 se 940 I0 takakA samaya punaH susuptikA samaya thA / adyatana zodhoMne harivaMzapurANa tathA zUdraka padyoMke yazasvI racayitA guNavarma tathA nItivAkyAmRta ke kannar3a TIkAkAra AcArya nemicandrako kannar3a sAhityake isa yugake nirmAtA siddha kiyA hai / ___ isake bAda hama kannar3a sAhityake svarNa yugameM Ate haiM / kyoM ki AdipurANa tathA bhAratake racayitA zrI paMpa ( la0 940 I0 ), zAntipurANa jinAkSaramAleke nirmAtA panna ( la0 650), triSaSThi 1 zravaNabelagola zilAlekha saM0 37, 76, 88 bAdAmikA eka zilAlekha san 700 I0 kA ( iNDiyana eNTekvA0 bhA0 10, pR061) siddha karate haiM ki kannar3a usa samaya taka kavitAke yonya ho gayI thii| inameMse eka zAla vikrIDita, do mattebhavikriDita tathA eka tripadi chandameM hai|
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________________ kannar3a bhASAko jainoMkI dena lakSaNa mahApurANake lekhaka cAvuNDarAya ( 968 I0 ) tathA ajitapurANa evaM gadAyuddhake nirmAtA ranna ( 963 I0 ) isI samayameM hue haiM / apanI kAvya kalA, komala kalpanA, cArU cintA, prasphuTita pratibhA tathA prasAda guNayukta zailIke kAraNa tatkAlIna kannar3a cintakoMpara inakI prabhutA chA gayI thI tathA paMpa, ponna aura rannane asAdhAraNa khyAti pAyI thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki bArahavIM zatIke prArambhameM hue nAgacandra kavine 'abhinavapaMpa' upAdhi dhAraNa kI thii| inakI zailI uttama campU hai / ponna to vANako barAbarI karate haiN| caritra citraNa tathA bhAva vyaJjanAmeM ranna ati arvAcIna haiM / tIrthakara purANa zRMgAra-zAnta rasakA alaukika sammizraNa haiM / yahI avasthA bhAvAvalikI hai jisake Adhese adhika bhAgameM zRMgAra aura zeSameM zAnta rasa hai / zeSa rasa kathA vastukA anugamana karate hue inhI pradhAna rasoMkA samarthana karate haiM / darzana to isameM aotaprota hai / yahI jaina purANoMkI vizeSatA hai / isI kAraNa inako saMkSipta karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| adyatanIya dRSTiyoMse ina granthoMkI samAlocanA karanA ucita nahIM hogA kyoMki usa samayakI dRSTi bhoga, Antarika zAnti tathA Atyantika siddhi thii| jinakA ina granthoMne sarvathA sundara nirvAha kiyA hai| pampakA karNa, ponnakA damitAri tathA rannakA duryodhana siddha karate haiM ki ye dukhAnta pAtra citraNa meM pAraMgata the| mahAkavi the isIlie sahasra varSa bIta jAnepara bhI unake grantha Aja naye hI haiM / isI kAraNa cAlukya tathA rASTrakUTa rAjAoMne unheM 'kavi cakravatI' Adi upAdhiyAM bhI dekara sammAnita kiyA thaa| jinasenAcArya tathA guNabhadrAcArya ke pUrvottara-purANoMse kathA vastu lekara cAMvuDarAyane triSaSThi-lakSaNa mahApurANakI racanA kI hai| kahIM kahIM to kaviparamezvarake padya bhI inhoMne uddhRta kiye haiM / ye kavi honeke sAtha sAtha yuddha tathA dharmavIra bhI the| zravaNa-belagolastha zrI 1008 bAhubali-mUrti inakI amara kIrti hai / baDDArAdhane nAmaka gadya grantha isa yugakI sarvottama kalAmaya racanA hai| kucha loga zvoathavA zvi-koTyAcAryako isakA lekhaka kahate haiM to dUsare ajJAtakartRka batAte haiN| jo bhI ho jainadharmake mAhAtmya dyotaka kathAoMkA yaha saMgraha anupama hai| tathA apane yugake kathA grantha 'devI-arAdhanA' dhUrtAkhyAna, jAtaka kathA, AdikI koTikA grantha hai / phalataH isake yazasvI lekhakako bhUla jAnA kannaDigoMkA durbhAgya ho gaa| aba gyArahavIM zatImeM Ate haiM to hameM abhinava paMpa nAgacandra tathA zrImatIkAntike darzana hote haiN| 'bhAratI varNapUra, sAhitya-vidyAdhara, sAhitya sarvajJa Adi upAdhiyAM hI paMpakI mahattAko prakaTa karatI haiM / inhoMne apanI rAmAyaNa meM vimalasUrike paumacariUkA anusaraNa kiyA hai / rAvaNake dukhAnta caritra citraNameM adbhuta kuzalatAkA paricaya diyA hai| inhoMne vijayapurameM mallinAtha mandira banavA kara vahIM mallinAtha purANakI racanA kI thii| nAgacandrane svayameva kAntidevIkI kavitva viSayaka utkRSTatAkA ullekha kiyA hai / 'kAntihaM para samasye' grantha upalabdha hai anya kRti koI abataka prApta nahIM huI hai| anya kaviyoMkI tAlikA 447
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha nimna prakArase ho sakatI hai / karNapArya ( 1140 ) neminAtha purANa / nemicandra ( 1170) lIlAvatI, ardhanemipurANa / aggala ( 1189) candraprabha pu0 / baMghavarma ( 1200 ) harivaMzAbhyudaya, jIvasaMvodhane / AcaNNa ( 1195 ) vardhamAna pu0 / pAipaMDita ( 1205 ) pArzvanAtha purANa / janna ( 1209) anantapu0 yazodharacarita / zizumAyaNa ( 1233 ) tripuradahana, aMjanAcaritre / guNavarma ( 1235 ).puSpadaMtapu0 candrASTaka / kamalabhava ( 1235) zAntIzvara purANa / aMDayya / (1235 ) kabvigara kAkha / kumudendu (1275 ) rAmAyaNa / hastimAla ( 1260) aAdipurANa (gadya) / zilAhAra gaMgarAdityake kAlameM utpanna karNapAryakA neminAtha purANa adbhuta campUkAvya hai / lIlAvati zRMgArika upanyAsa hai jisakI vastu saMkSipta honepara bhI dRzyAdike sundara varNanoMse grantha dIrghakAya ho gayA hai| inakI kalpanAne 'sUryako adRSTa tathA vidhAtAse anirmita vastu bhI kavise pare nahIM' kimbadantIko satya kara diyA hai / kalAkAnta, bhAratI-citta-cora Adi vizeSaNa inakI yogyatAke paricAyaka haiN| bandhuvarmase pArzvapaMDita takake lekhaka eka hI zreNIke haiN| janna kalpanAzIla na hokara bhI prasAda pUrNa hai| yazodharacaritameM citrita ahiMsA dhArmikatA tathA sAMsArikatAkA sundara samanvaya hai| donoM grantha mahattvake kAvya haiM ataeva hoyasala-yAdava nRpati dvArA datta 'cakravartI, rAjavidvatsabhA-kalahaMsa, Adi upAdhiyAM Azcarya cakita nahIM karatIM / kAmadahana khANDa-kAvya hI aMDayyakI ravyAtikA kAraNa huA hai / kavitvake atirikta isa upAnyAsase unakA mAtRbhASA prema tathA utsAha bhI phUTa par3atA hai| zizumAyaNa tathA kumudendune campU zailIko tyAgakara 'sAMgatya' 'SaTpadi' chandoMko lekara janapadake janakA vizeSa anuraJjana kiyA hai / ye sabhI kAvi aneka bhASAoMke paMDita the tathA saMskRta bahula bhASA likhate the / phalataH 'kannaDa saMskRtake Azrita hai' Aropake sAtha jana-mana tRpta nahIM hyaa| isI prAtRptine bArahavIM zatImeM sAhityika-dArzanika krAnti kI sRSTi kii| vasavake vIraziva matakI sthApanA tathA 'vacanoM' kI racanAne nUtana yugako janma diyaa| jisase prabhAvita ho nayasenane dharmAmRta likhakara saMskRta zailIke virUddha krAnti kI thii| yaha sthiti dekhakara bhI unhoMne bhAvI vipattike pratirodha tathA jana mana anuraMjanakA suvicArita prayatna nahIM kiyA thaa| jisakA pariNAma jainadharmake lie ghAtaka huaaa| tathApi katipaya vyaktiyoMne isa sthitikA sAmanA pracArAtmaka grantha likhakara kiyA thaa| aise lekhakoMmeM nimna kavi pradhAna the / brahmaziva (1125) samayaparIkSe, trailokya cUr3AmaNistotra / vIraNaMdi (1153) AcArasAra tathA TIkA / vRttavilAsa (1170 ) prAbhRtatraya, tattvArtha paramAtmaprakAzike / mAghaNaMdi (1260 ) zAstrasAra samuccaya / nAgarAja (1300) puNyAsrava / kanakacandra (1300 ) mokSaprAbhRta TIkA / brahmazivake samayaparIkSemeM prAptAgama tathA anAptAgama vivecana karate hue vaidika zAstroMkI nyUnatAoMkA saMketa kiyA hai| kintu campU tathA gambhIra viSaya honeke kAraNa yaha jana-priya na ho sakA
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________________ kannar3a bhASAko jainoMkI dena vRttavilAsakI dharmaparIkSAkI bhI yahI sthiti hai / yaha amitagatikI dharmaparIkSAkA kannaDa campU rUpa hai / mAdhanandi kRta zAstrasArasamuccaya jaina darzanakA vistRta varNana karatA hai yaha kannar3a bhASya yukta sUtragrantha hai jisake vyAkhyAna paMpake AdipurANa Adi granthoMke ulelkhoMse paripUrNa haiM / kintu ye Akasmika prayatna na to janatAko tuSTa kara sake aura na unakI jJAna pipAsA hI bujhA sake / mallikArjuna, (1245) nAgavarga (1145 ) kezirAja ( 1260 ) Adi bhI samayakI pukArako na samajha sake / isIlie AlaMkArika sAhityake mahattvakI siddha karaneke lie unhoMne kramazaH 'sukti sudhArNava' kAvyAvalokana, zabdamaNidarpaNa, Adi grantha likhe jo ki sUkti, lakSaNa tathA vyAkaraNake atyuttama grantha hokara bhI apane sau varSa bAda hI 'SaTpad-iyuga' ke prArambhako na roka sake / vaijJAnika viSayoMpara likhanevAle katipaya vidvAnoMkI tAlikA nimna prakAra haizrIdharAcArya ( 1049) jAtakatilaka / rAjAditya ( 1120 ) vyavahAra-kSetra-gaNit lIlAvatI citrahasuge / kIrtivarma (1125 ) govaidya / jagaddalasomanAtha (1150 ) kalyANakAraka ( karNATaka ) / raTTakavi ( 1300 ) raTTamata (pha0 jyo0)| InameM se bhI kitane hI grantha campU zailImeM haiM / vividha vizAla kannar3a sAhityameMse granthoM tathA lekhakoMkA yaha ati saMkSapta saMkalana hai / tathApi isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainAcAryoMne kisa prakAra kannar3a bhASA tathA sAhityakA nirmANa kiyA hai / tathA kannaDigoMke lie prAcIna AlaMkArika saMskRtase sambaddha karake kitanI anupama sampatti chor3I hai / sAhityake sava aMgoMmeM nATaka ekamAtra aMga hai jisakA anupAtika poSaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| tathApi 'gudAyuddha' Adi granthoMmeM nATakake samasta guNoMke darzana hote haiM / Jameer 57
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________________ eka ajJAta kannar3a nATakakAra zrI ema0 govinda pAI aMgarArayA kRta 'mitravinda - govindA' 1800 I0 takake kannaDa sAhitya meM ekamAtra nATaka hai / maisUrake rAjA cikkadevarAya ( 1672 - 1904 ) kI rAjasabhA ke zerI vaiSNava' kavi the / yaha nATaka bhI zrI harSa ke ratnAvali nATakakA bhASAntara mAtra hai jisameM kevala pAtroMkI saMjJAeM parivartita kara dI gayIM haiN| ApAtataH jijJAsA hotI hai ki kAlidAsake mAlavikAgnimitrameM ullikhita saumilla kaviputrAdi ke nATakoM ke samAna kisI prAcInatara kannaDiMga kavike nATaka bhI to kahIM lupta athavA gupta nahIM ho gaye haiM / mahAkavi rannake gadAyuddha ( 1007 I0 ) meM citrita kaJcukI evaM vidUSakAdi pAtroMkI upasthiti vizeSa kara isa ora AkRSTa karatI hai kyoMki saMskRta sAhitya ke mahAkAvyoM meM inakA citraNa nahIM pAyA jAtA hai / ataH anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki prArambhameM ranna apanI kRtiko nATaka rUpa denA cAhate the aura bAda meM mahAkAvya rUpa de gaye / phalataH itanA kahA hI jA sakatA hai ki unake sAmane saMbhavataH koI nATaka avazya the / gadya-padyamaya paJcatantra nAmakA eka kannaDa grantha hai isake racayitA brAhmaNa vidvAn durgasiMha haiN| isakI lagabhaga pacAsa pratiyoM meM "ati saMpannatevetta.... pramadalIlA puSpitAmradrumam / " zloka pAyA jAtA hai / tathA jo ki mudrita pratimeM nahIM hai / yaha grantha prajApati saMvatsarakI caitrazuklA dvAdazI somavArako samApta huA thA / grantha ke prArambha ( pR0 31-38) meM likhA hai ki kavi cAlukya vaMzI jagadekamalla kIrtividyAdharakI rAjasabhA meM rahate the / sagakI sandhimeM kavi apanA ukta rAjAnoMke samaya meM " mahAsandhivigrahi" rUpase bhI ullekha karatA hai ? yaha rAjA pazcima cAlukya vaMzI jayasiMha - jagadekamalla - kIrttividyAdhara ( 10181042 ) ke sivA dUsarA ho hI nahIM sktaa| phalataH guNADhyakI paizAcI vRhatkathA se 'vasubhAgabhaTTa ' 1 "saumilla kaviputrAdInAM prabandhAt " 2 maisUra rAjakIya sarasvatI sadana tathA di0 jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA meM saMcita pratiyAM / 13 karNATaka kAvyamaJjarI mAlA meM prakAzita 23 vAM puSpa (1898 ) 450
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________________ eka ajJAta kanar3a nATakakAra dvArA saMskRta rUpAntara kiye gaye paMcatantrake kannaDa bhASAntarakA kAla 653 zAlivAhana saM0 (somavAra 8 mArca 1031I0 ) hogaa| ____ vAlmIki, vyAsa, viSNugupta, guNADhaya, vararuci, kAlidAsa, bhavabhUti AdikA smaraNa karate hue kavi durgAsiMha inake bAda hI kannar3a kaviyoMkA bhI smaraNa karate haiM / jisake puSTa AdhArapara hama zrI vijaya, kannamayya, asaga, mAnasija, candra bhaTTa, ponna, pampa, gaganAMkuza tathA kavitAvilAsako unakA pUrvavartI mAna hI sakate haiM / inameM zrI asaga saMskRta kavi bhI the jaisA ki unake prakAzita varddhamAnacaritra' tathA zAntipurANase spaSTa hai / "saMvatsare dazanavottaravarSayukta |104|...grnthaassttkN ca samakAri jinopadiSTam / 105 / " padyoM dvArA kavine "vardhamAnacarita' ke racanA samayakI sUcanA dI hai / arthAt 'cola rAjA zrInAthake rAjya kAlameM vimalAnagarImeM vidyA par3hakara maiMne 910 saMvatameM yaha grantha likhA thA / ponna ( 950 I0) apane zAntinAtha purANameM kannar3a kavitAmeM apaneko asagake samAna likhate haiM / phalataH vardhamAnaca ratakA samApti kAla saM0 910 'zAlivAhana' na hokara 'vikrama' hI ho sakatA hai| phalataH 846 I03 taka rAjya karanevAle rAjA zrInAtha cola kokilli aparanAma zrIpati hoMge tathA racanAkAla 853-4 I0 hogA / chandakI suvidhAke kAraNa zrIpatikA zrInAtha ho jAnA to sukara hai hii| asagakI stuti karaneke ThIka pahale durgasiMha "aba taka koI aisA sukavi na huA hai aura na hogA jisakI tulanA kannamayyase kI jA ske| jinakA mAlavI [ tI ]-mAdhava vidvAnoMke hRdayako mantramugdha karatA hai / ' arthamaya padya dvArA kannamayyakA smaraNa karate haiM / rASTrakUTa nRpati nRpatuMga (814-77 I) dvArA racita kahe jAnevAle lakSaNagrantha kavirAjamArga meM kannar3a kavi zrIvijayakA ullekha hai| zrIvijayako paJcatantrakAra durgasiMhane bhI smaraNa kiyA hai| yadyapi asaga tathA kannamayyakA kavirAjamArgameM ullekha nahIM hai tathApi kannamayya nyUyAdhika rUpameM nRpatugake samakAlIna rahe hoMge kyoMki unake kucha hI pahale asagakI mRtyu huI thI phalataH kannamayya dvArA 'mAlavi-mAdhava' kA racanAkAla 800 I0 kahA jA sakatA hai ' durbhAgyavaza yaha nATaka anupalabdha hai phalataH vipula kannar3a sAhityameM prakRta zlokake sivA kannamayya kA ullekha anyatra nahIM milatA hai / mAlavi-mAdhava nAma hI saMskRta nATaka mAlatI-mAdhavakA smaraNa dilA detA hai| aura usake sAtha, sAtha karuNa rasAvatAra mahAkavi bhavabhUtikI amara kIrti bhI mUrtimAna ho uThatI hai / aisAbhI spaSTa 1. zrI rAvajo saravArama doSI zolApura dvaar| prkaashit| 2, "kannar3a kaviteyola asagam " 3, dakSiNa bhAratameM aitihAsika lekha pR0 340 / 4, "parama kavIzvara cetI hara maibinameseva mAlavI mAdhavaM / viracisida kannamayyaM varamAgaM sukavi bageboDinnu munna / " 451
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________________ vI-abhinandana-grantha pratIta hotA hai ki mAlavi-mAdhava kannar3a nATaka thA / pradhAna nAyikAke nAmakA bheda sUcita karatA hai ki yaha nATaka saMskRta nATakakA kevala bhASAntara nahIM thA apitu svataMtra kannar3a nATaka thaa| jisameM kavine bhavabhUtikA prasiddha nATaka sAmane rahaneke kAraNa saMbhavataH nAyikAdike AMzika samAna nAma rakhe the / durgasiMha dvArA kI gayI lekhaka tathA nATakakI prazaMsA siddha karatI hai ki 800 I0 lagabhaga eka mahAn kannar3a kavine mahAn kannar3a nATakakI sRSTi kI thI jo ki aba lupta hai / nAma tathA kannar3a sAhityake nirmANa Adi samasta paristhitiyoMse yaha bhI puSTa hotA hai ki kannamayya jaina vidvAna the| ya 452
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________________ bhAratIya azvAgama zrI pI0 ke0 goDe, ema0 e0 AcArya hemacandrakI (1088 - 1172 I0) abhidhAna - cintAmaNi ke bhUmi khaNDa meM nimnapadya haiM"site tu karka kokAhau khoGgAhaH zvetapiGgale // 303|| pIyUSavarNe serAhaH pIte tu hariyo haye / kRSNavarNe tu khuDgAha kriyAho lohito hayaH || 304 // nIlastu nIlako'tha triyUhaH kapilo hayaH / vollAharUvayameva syAt pANDukazera bAladhiH || 305 || urAhastu manAkpANDuH kRSNajaGghobhavedyadi / susAhako gardabhAbhaH corakhAnastu pATalaH || 306 || kulAhastu manApItaH kRSNaH syAdyadi januni / ukanAhaH pItaraktacchAyaH sa eva tu kvacit // 307 // kRSNaraktacchaviH proktaH zoNaH kokanadacchaviH / harikaH patiharitacchAyaH eva hAlakaH || 308 || paGgulaH sitakAcAbhaH halAhazcitrito hayaH / " cukA hUM ki A0 hemacandra dvArA datta inameM varNake anusAra kokAha, khoGgAha, serAha, khuGgAha kriyAha, triyUha, bollAha, urAha, susahaka, vorukhAna, kulAha, ukanAha, halAha, Adi nAma Aye haiM jinheM AcAryane 'dezI', zabda kahA hai / unakA ina zabdoMkA vigraha kahIM kahIM sarvathA kAlpanika pratIta hotA hai yathA'vairiNaH khanati vorukhAnaH / apane eka pUrva lekha meM maiM siddha kara azvanAmoM meM se kitane hI nAma jayadatta azvAyurveda 3 adhyAya tRtIya ( sarvalakSaNAdhyAya ) tathA cAlukya nRpati somezvara kRta la0 1130 I0 ) manasollAsa ke 'vAji -vAhyA li-vinoda' ( polo ) meM bhI upalabdha haiM / yadyapi AcArya ina zabdoMko dezI kahate haiM tathApi mujhe ye videzoM se ye pratIta hote haiM / I0 kI 8 vIM tathA 13 vIM zatIke madhya bhArata meM bahulatAse lAye gaye ghor3oM ke sAtha hI ye nAma Aye hoNge| ye kaba kisake dvArA Aye, Adi para phArasI aura arabIke vidvAna prakAza ST sakate haiM / itanA nizcita hai ki AcAryane sAvadhAna kozakArake samAna usa samaya pracalita ina zabdoM ko lekara apane koza tathA bhAratIya bhASAko kAlako dRSTise sarvAGga sampanna kiyA thA / 1, "khoGgahAdayaH zabdAH dezIprAyAH " 2, premI abhinaMdanagrantha pR0 81 / 3, bivaloM kA iNDikA, kalakattA 886 / 453
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha ukta niSkarSo taka pahuMcane ke samaya taka yujhe yAdavaprakAza kRta 'vaijayantI' kozakA patA nahIM thA jo AcArya se thor3e samaya pUrva la0 1050 I0 meM banA thaa| AcAryakI jIvanI meM zrI vyUlarane -- zeSAkhya nAmamAlA; abhidhAnacintAmaNikI pUraka hai / jisameM jayantaprakAzakI vaijayantI ke uddharaNoMkI bharamAra hai ( pR0919 Ti0 73 ) " / "abhidhAna cintAmaNike sAtha punaH prakAzita nAmamA lA bhI yAdavaprakAzake prAcInatara grantha vaijayantIse atyadhika milatI julatI hai| tathA isase bahusaMkhyAka durlabha zabda AcAryane liye haiM / " Adi likhakara siddha kiyA hai ki AcArya yAdavaprakAzake RNI haiN| yadi zrI vyUlarakA yaha kathana satya hai to hamAre anumAna se uparyullikhita azvanAma bhI AcArya ne vaijayantIke 2 bhUmikANDa kSatriyAdhyAya ke 66 - 106 zlokoMse liye haiM / yAdavaprakAza 'azvAnAmAgame' pada dvArA kisI azva zAstrakA saMketa karate haiM jo ki jayadattakA azvAyurveda hI ho sakatA hai jisameM varNAnusArI azvanAma tRtIya adhyAyake 100 se 110 zlokoMmeM diye haiN| kyoMki nakulakRta azvacikitsita, vAgbhaTakRta azvAyurveda, kalhaNakRta sArasamuccaya tathA bhojakRta yuktikalpatarU granthoM meM kokAha, khur3Aha, Adi nAma nahIM milate haiM / ataH samprati yahI anumAna hotA hai ki yAdavaprakAzane varNAnusArI azvanAmoMko saMbhavataH jayadattake 'azvavaidyaka' se hI liyA hai| phalataH azvazAstra ke vikAsa meM kAlakrama se sarvaprathama azvavaidyaka kAra zrI jayadatta ( 1000 I0 ) se pahale hoMge tathA unake bAda yAdava prakAza ( 1040 I0 zra0 hemacandra ( 1088 - 1172 I0 ) tathA somezvara ( 1130 I0 ) AveM ge / saMbhavataH AcArya ne apane kozako kisI vizeSa azvAgama athavA azvAgamoM ke AdhAra se nahIM banAyA thA, apitu unakA AdhAra prAcInatara koza hI the jaisA ki unake dvArA kisI avazAstrakA ullekha nahIM kiye jAne se spaSTa hai / phArasI tathA arabI ghor3oMkA bhArata vyApI vyavasAya, deza ke samasta rAjAzroMkI senAmeM unakA prAdhAnya tathA cAra saMskRta kozakAroM dvArA unake nAmoMkA apane granthoM meM diyA jAnA eka hI samayakI ghaTanA hai| ina cAra kozakAromeMse bhI jayadatta tathA somezvara svayameva zAsaka the / apane granthakI prazastimeM jayadatta apane Apako 'mahA sAmanta' kahate haiM yadyapi inakA pUrNa paricaya atra taka sthira nahIM huA hai | aura somezvara atyanta saMskRta cAlukya zAsaka the jaisAki unake vizAla evaM bahumukha sAMskRtika grantha 'mAnasollAsa' se spaSTa hai| bhAratIya koza- sAhityako samaya samayapara hue niSNAta kozakAra vidvAnoMne apane samaya meM pracalita videzodbhUta zabdoMko bhI tattada kozoM meM lekara hamAre zabdabhaNDArakI zrIvRddhi kI hai / jaisA ki 1. zrImaNilAla paTela kRta aMgrejI anuvAda pR036 / 2. guSTAva oparTakA saMskaraNa (madrAsa 1893) pR0 112 / 454
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________________ bhAratIya azvAgama azvanAmoMke pUrva vivecana se hI nahIM apitu saMskRta TIkAkAroMke sAvadhAna vivecanase bhI spaSTa hai / yathA- 'azvabalA' zabdakA artha karate hue DallaNa ( la0 1100 I0 ) kA use zAka kahanA, athavA isakI vyAkhyA meM suzrutakA 'azvabalA tathA gothikA samAnArthaka haiM jisake lambe patte hote haiM tathA jise turuSka deza meM 'hisphittha' kahate haiM, Adi / anyatra ' maiM likha cukA hUM turkI, phArasa, araba meM hisphittha athavA ispitta athavA aspitta eka ghAsa hai jise khilAkara ghor3e moTe kiye jAte haiM / apane koza meM Agata zabdoM kA vigraha AcAryane vaiyAkaraNakI dRSTise kiyA hai, phalataH usako aitihAsika mahattva nahIM diyA jA sakatA / phalataH " koka vadAhanti bhuvaM kokAhaH, khamudgAhante khoGgAhaH; pRSodarAditvAt, sIravadAhanti bhuvaM serAhaH, hariM varNaM yAnti hariyaH, khurairgAhate khuGgAhaH, kriyAM na jahAti kriyAhaH, trIna yUthati triyUhaH, vyomni ullaGghate vollAhaH, urasA hanti urAhaH, sukhena rAheti suruhakaH, vairiNaH khanati vorukhAnaH, kulamAjihIte kulAhaH, uccairnahyate ukanAhaH, halavadAhanti halAhaH, halati kSmAM hAlakaH / yadi vigraha maulika evaM pAMDityapUrNa ho kara bhI aitihAsika nahIM kahe jA skte| kyoMki asaMskRta zabdoMkA vigraha saMskRta vyAkaraNa athavA kozake AdhArapara karanA ucita nahIM hai / itihAsa evaM bhASA ke zAstrI hI ina zabdoM kI prAmANika vyAkhyA kara sakate haiM / phalataH ukta granthoMke sivAya anya saMskRta granthoM meM ina nAmoMkI zodha saMskRtajJoMko karanA cAhiye tathA phArasI aura arabIke vidvAnoMko bhI inake maulika udgamAdipara prakAza DAlanA caahiye| tabhI inake vAstavika vigraha kiye jA sakeM ge| 1 bhAratIyavidyA ( bambaI ) meM prakAzita 'azvabalA' lekh| 2 baikTriyA (prAcIna IrAna dhana hindUkuza aura oksasa nadIke madhyakA lambA pradeza ) athavA vAlahIka, mIMDoM kA sAmrAjya, maiDikajar3I, arthazAstra tathA harSacarita meM varNita bAlUhIka azva, AdikA vicAra azvabalA tathA bAlhIka athavA baikTriyAse sambandhakA saMketa karatA hai| 455
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________________ jaina purANoMke strIpAtra zrImatI bra0 paM0 candAbAI jaina, viduSIratna ___ sAhitya mAnavatAko sajIva karatA hai / savizeSa purANa; ye sAhitya kalAke aise avayava haiM jinase mAnava apanI vicAra dhArAko pariSkRta kara sAmAjika, dhArmika, rAjanaitika,aura Arthika sadAcArakA nirmANa karatA hai / vaha paurANika pAtroMke jIvanake sAtha tAdAtmya sambandha sthApita kara unake samAna bananekA prayatna karatA hai / pratyeka nara-nArIke jIvana tattvoMkI abhivyakti naitikatA yA sadAcArake AdhAra para hI ho sakatI hai / satya, tyAga, paraduHkha-kAratA, dRr3hatA, sahiSNutA, svArtha-hInatA, saMyama, indriyajaya Adi aise guNa haiM jinake sadbhAvase hI mAnava jIvanakI nIva dRr3ha hotI hai| ina guNoMke abhAvameM mAnava mAnava na rahakara dAnava koTimeM calA jAtA hai| AtmanirIkSaNa eka aisI pravRtti hai jisase vyakti apanI Antarika durbalatAoM para vijaya prApta kara kSamA, mArdava, satya, prabhRti bhAvoMko udbuddha kara sakatA hai| yaha AtmanirIkSaNa pravRtti kucha logoMmeM sahaja jAgRta ho jAtI hai aura kuchameM Agama jJAna dvaaraa| paurANika pAtroM ke Adarza caritra vyaktikI isa Atma nirIkSaNa pravRttiko buddha-zuddha kara dete haiM, aura vAcakake jIvana meM satya aura ahiMsAkA bhalI-bhAMti saMcAra hone lagatA hai| _ vizvameM sadAse nara aura nArI samAna rUpase apane kArya kalApoMke dAyitvako nibhAte cale A rahe haiM / isI kAraNa hamAre puruSa; purANa-nirmAtAoMko bhI puruSapAtroMke samAna nArIpAtroMkA caritragata utkarSa dikhalAnA hI par3A thaa| jahAM nArIko 'naraka nasainI' batalAyA hai, vahIM laukika dRSTi se mAtRtvameM usake samasta guNoMkA vikAsa dikhAkara use jananItvake ucca zikharapara ArUr3ha kara jagatpUjya banAyA hai| tIrthakara, cakravartI, nArAyaNa, balabhadra, prabhRti mahApuruSoMko janma denevAlI aura lAlana karane vAlI nArI kadApi hIna nahIM kahIM jA sakatI hai| hAM kevala vAsanA aura vilAsitAkI pratimUrti nArI avazya upekSaNIya, nindanIya tathA ghRNAkI vastu batalAyo gayI hai / yaha kevala nArIke lie hI caritArtha nahIM hai kintu narake lie bhI haiM ! jisa puruSane vilAsa aura vAsanAke AvezameM hoza hava.sako bhulAkara apanA patana kiyA hai. purANoMmeM usake jIvanakI samAlocanA spaSTa rUpameM kI gayI hai / purANakAroMne nArIke laukika ziva aura satya rUpakI abhivyaJjanA bar3e sundara DhaMgase kI hai| 456
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________________ jaina purANoM ke strIpAtra sAhityika dRSTi se kaI sthaloMpara puruSapAtroM kI apekSA nArI pAtroM ke caritrameM adhika Antarika sauMdarya kI abhivyakti huI hai / nArI pAtroM meM kuchake caritroMpara paristhitiyoMke ghAta-pratighAta isa prakAra par3e haiM ki unase unakA caritra atyadhika prabhAvotpAdaka ho gayA hai| sItA, aMjanA, rAjula, Adi katipaya aisI paurANika nAriyAM haiM jinake caritrakA utkarSa vividha paristhitimoM se ho kara tyAgavRtti meM parivartita hotA huA Adarza svarUpa meM prakaTa huA hai / purANakAroMkI yaha vizeSatA hai ki unane pahale nAriyoMkA tyAga vivazAvasthA meM dikhalAyA hai kintu Age usa tyAgako svecchA aura AtmahitakI kAmanAse kRta siddha kiyA hai / jaina purANoMke carita citraNakI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki unake nArI pAtroMkA apanA vyaktitva hai / rAdhA ke samAna unake nArIpAtra puruSake vyaktitvase sambaddha nahIM haiM kintu nArIkI pRthak sattA svIkAra kara puruSapAtroMke samAna usake jIvanakI gatizIlatA, tyAga, sAisa, zIla, indriya vijaya prabhRti anukaraNIya guNoMkA sundara aMkana kiyA hai| laukika dRSTise bhI jaina purANoMke nArI pAtra sajIva rUpameM sAmane upasthita ho kara jIvanake utthAnakI zikSA dete haiM / AdipurANa aura padmapurANake kucha sthala to itane suMdara haiM ki dhArmika dRSTise unakA jitanA mahattva hai, sAhityika dRSTise kahIM usase adhika hai / aMjanA aura rAjulake virahakI mUka vedanA itanI marmasparzI hai ki ina donoMke caritroMko par3hakara aisA kauna vyakti hogA jo sahAnubhUti ke do AMsU na girA sake / karuNA se hRdaya Ardra hue vinA nahIM raha sakatA hai / vaidika purANa nirmAtAoMne bhI zrIkRSNake viraha meM gopikAoM ke virahI hRdayakI sundara vyaMjanA kI hai / kintu jahAM gopikAoM kA jIvana apane ArAdhya priyake jovanake sAtha sambaddha hai, vahAM jainapurANoMkI nArIkA jIvana svatantra rUpameM hai / puruSa ke samAna Atma vikAsameM nArI bhI svatantra rUpase agrasara huI hai / cahAra divArIke bhItara rakha kara jaina purANakAroMne use kevala viraha meM hI nahIM tapAyA hai kintu AtmasAdhanA kI meM galAkara use puruSake samAna zuddha kiyA hai / nArIke mAtRtva ke sAtha usake tyAgI jIvana kA yaha samanvaya jaina purANoMkI bhAratIya sAhityako eka amUlya dena hai| jahAM itara bhAratIya purANoMmeM nArIkA kevala eka hI jIvana dikhalAyI par3atA hai vahIM jaina purANoM meM usake donoM pakSoMkA spaSTa pratibimba dRSTigocara hotA hai / bhAratIya sAhitya kI dRSTise caritra citraNakI saphalatAkA eka pradhAna mApadaNDa yaha hai ki jo caritra jIvanako jitanA adhika UMcA uThA sake vaha utanA hI saphala mAnA jAya gA / ekA-eka kisIke tyAga yA tapasyAkI bAta mAnava hRdayako prabhAvita nahIM kara sakatI hai, kintu jaba yahI bAta saMgharSakI Aga meM upakara dvandvAtmaka tarAjU ke palar3oMpara bhUlatI huI - kabhI idhara aura kabhI udhara jhukatI huI mAnava hRdayako prabhAvita karake eka aura bojhala ho lur3haka jAtI hai to pratyeka vyakti usake prabhAvameM A jAtA hai 58 457
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha aura tadanukUla apane jIvana ko banAnekA prayatna karatA hai / jaina purANoM meM aMkita nArI pAtroMkA caritra bhI mAnava mAtrako Aloka pradAna karane vAlA hai / jaisA ki katipaya uddharaNoM dvArA siddha ho gA / jambUsvAmI caritrameM bhavadeva apane jyeSTha bhrAtAkI preraNA se anicchA pUrvaka muni ho gayA thA, kintu usakI AMtarika icchA bhogoMse nivRtta nahIM huI thI ! vaha sarvadA apanI rUpavatI, guNavatI, suzIlA bhAryAkA smaraNa kara AnandAnubhava kiyA karatA thaa| eka dina usake guru apane aneka ziSyoMke sAtha, jinameM bhavadeva bhI thA usake nagara meM Aye / viSaya vAsanAoM se parAsta bhavadeva eka mandira meM jAkara Thahara gayA aura vahAM para rahanevAlI Arthika se apanI strIkI kuzala kSema pUMchane lagA / AryikAne - bhavadevakI strIne, jo ki bhavadevake sanyAsI ho jAnepara saMsArase udAsIna hokara AryikA kA vrata pAla rahI thI - muniko vicalita dekhakara upadeza diyA / AryikA nAgavasU-bhavadevakI strIne vAsanA meM Asakta hue apane patiko isa prakAra patanake gaDDhe meM girane se bacAyA / usane kevala eka hI vyaktikI rakSA nahIM kI kintu sAdhu jaise uccAdarzako doSa se bacAneke kAraNa bhAratIya uttama sAdhu paramparAkI mahattAkA mukha bhI ujjvala rkhaa| kyA aba bhI nArIko kevala vAsanA kI mUrti kahA jA sakatA hai ? harivaMzapurANa meM ariMjaya rAjAkI putrI prItimatIkA caritra laukika aura pAramArthika donoM hI dRSTiyoM se uttama hai / prItimatI nAnA vidyAoM meM pravINa, sAhasI, aura rUpavatI thii| jaba vaha vayaska huI to pitAne svayamvarameM Aye hue rAjakukAroM se kahA ki jo isa kanyAko teja calane meM parAsta kara degA aura merUkI pradakSiNA jinendra bhagavAna kI pUjana karake pahale A jAyagA usIke sAtha isakA vivAha kiyA jAyagA / upasthita sabhI vidyAdhara kumAra aura bhUmigocarI rAjaputroMne prayatna kiyA, kintu ve sabhI kanyA se parAjita hue, jisase virakta hokara prItimatIne sAMsArika vAsanAoM ko jalAJjali dekara AryikA vrata grahaNa kara liye tathA tapazcaraNa dvArA apane Arjita kamako nAza kiyA / harivaMzapurANa meM anekoM nAriyoMke caritra bahuta hI sundara rUpameM aMkita kiye gaye haiM / jina caritroMse nAriyoMkI vidvattA, tapazcaryA, kAryanipuNatAkI chApa hRdayapara sahaja hI par3a jAtI hai / banArasa nivAsI somazarmAkI putrI sulasA aura bhadrAko vidvattAkA sundara aura hRdayagrAhaka varNana kiyA hai / padmapurANa meM vizalyAkA caritra citraNa bahuta hI sundara kiyA gayA hai / purANakArane batAyA haiM ki usa nArI ziromaNimeM itanA teja thA ki usake janma grahaNa karate hI sarvatra zAnti chA gayI 1 jambUsvAmI caritra pR0 71-72 2 harivaMzapurANa pR0 432 3 harivaMzapurANa pR0 326 / 458
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________________ jaina purANoMke strIpAtra thI tathA usake bhava bhavAntaroMke divya caritrakA nirUpaNa kara nArI caritrako bahuta UMcA uThA diyA hai| AcAryane vizalyAke caritrako atyanta ujjvala banAyA hai| vastutaH usa nArIke caritrako mAnavake caritrase bahuta Upara uThA diyA hai / kyA koI bhI niSpakSa vidvAn usa varNanako dekhakara nArI kI mahattAse iMkAra kara sakatA hai ? vizalyAkI pUrva bhavAvalIke varNanameM anaMgasarAkI dIkSAkA citra bhI kama sundara nahIM hai / isa citrane bhAratIya ramaNIko bahuta UMcA uThA diyA hai| vaha kevala vAsanA yA gRhasthIke jaMjAlakI kaThaputalI hI nahIM raha gayI hai pratyuta tyAga aura tapasyAkI pratimUrti bana gayI hai| jainAcAryoMkI yahI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai| isa prakaraNake do zlokoMmeM nArIkI sahAnubhUti aura dayAkA aMkana AcArya pravara raviSeNane kitanA suMdara kiyA hai / satIko bhUkhA ajagara nigala rahA hai, rakSaka usakI rakSA karanA cAhate haiM / kintu anaMgasarA rakSakoMko izArese manA kara detI hai aura batalAtI hai ki isa becAre bhUkhe jantukI hiMsA na kIjiye / yaha AtmA amara hai vinAzazIla zarIra anAdi kAlase hI utpanna aura naSTa hotA calA A rahA hai phira isameM moha kyoM ? yaha aba baca nahIM sakatA / padmapurANameM AcArya raviSeNane mandodarIke rAga virAgAtmaka gaMgA jamunI caritrakA nirmANa kara paurANika nArI caritra citraNako Ajake manovaijJAnika starapara pahuMcA diyA hai / mandodarIkI dayAkA citra dekhiye "patiputra viyoga duHkhajvalanena vidiyitA satI jaataa|" "hA putrendrajitedaM vyavasitamohakkathaM tvayA kRtyam / hA meghavAhana kathaM jananI nApekSitA donA // " "tyaktAzeSagrahasthaveSaracanA mandodarI sNytaa| jAtA'tyanta vizuddhadharmaniratA shuklaikvstraa''vRtaa|" "saMzuddhazramaNA vratoruvibhavA jAtA nitaantotkttaa|" (pa0 pu0 bhA03 pR0 91-92) jo mandodarI eka kSaNa pahale pati, putra, pautra, Adike zokase vihvala dRSTigocara hotI hai vahI dUsare kSaNa badalI huI parama dhArmika, saMsAra-virakta, moha mAyAse hIna aura AtmAkI sAdhikA najara AtI hai| purANa nirmAtAoMkA nArI caritrakA yaha vikAsa krama kyA aAjake aMtardvandako prakaTa karanevAlA nahIM hai ? mandodarIkI dolAyamAna mAnasika sthitikA zabda-citra kyA isase suMdara bana sakatA hai ? 150 pu0 pR. 425-26
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________________ saMtoMkA mata zrI AcArya kSitimohana sena madhya yugake sAdhakoMkI kucha bAteM kahI jA rahI haiM / jAtibheda to samAjatattvake sAtha yukta hai / una sAdhakoMke lie dharma hI sAra thA / madhyayugake ye sAdhu-saMta bhagavAna ke sAtha premadvArA yukta kiye hue vaiyaktika yogakI khojameM the| isa sambadha pratiSThAke rAste, bAhya AcAra, zAstra, bheSa prabhRtikA prayojana unhoMne svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| bhagavatapremakI tulanAmeM ve sabhI unake lie tuccha the / unhoMne yaha nahIM svIkAra kiyA ki svarga meM pahuMcaneke lobhase evaM narakavAsake Darase dharmakA pravartana huA hai| isa prema-dharmameM unhoMne aisA eka abheda aura sAmya pAyA jo vedAntameM varNita abhedase kahIM jyAde sarasa hai| prema pathake pathika honekI vajahase unhoMne kAyAko vRthA kliSTa karanA na caahaa| phira bhI prema hI ke lie unako deha-manakA sarvavidha kaluSa, sayatnase parihAra karanA par3A hai| unhoMne dehako devAlaya mAnA hai / evaM isI devAlayameM dehAtIta cinmaya brahmakI pratiSThA kI hai| unake lie miTTI-pattharake devAlayoMmeM pratiSThita mUrtikA koI mUlya nhiiN| bAhya upacAroM dvArA kI gayI pUjA ve arthahIna samajhate the / dayA, ahiMsA, maitro yahI unakI sAdhanAeM thiiN| zAstroM meM ina sAdhanAoMkA tattva nahIM milatA / dehake aMdara hI vizva brahmANDakI sthApanA hai / evaM isa parama tattvako guru hI darzA sakate haiM yaha bAta ve mAnate the / phala svarUpa gurU ke lie unakI acala bhakti thii| sAdhuoM ke satsaMgase premabhAva upajatA hai isalie sAdhusevA evaM sAdhusaMga bhI mahAdharma hai| jahAM bhakti hotI hai vahIM bhagavAna virAjate haiM / bAhya AcAroMse kyA hogA, prema hI se prema upajatA hai / "prema prema sauM hoya," (rvidaas)| bhagavAnakA svarUpa hI prema hai / zraddhA evaM niSThAdvArA kramase rUci, Agraha evaM anurAgakI utpatti hotI hai| phira anurAgase prema upajatA hai| prema upajane para prema-svarUpake sAtha sambaMdha kara lenA sahaja ho jAtA hai / aura jaba yaha sahaja sambaMdha pratiSThita hotA hai tabhI jIvanakI carama sArthakatA milatI hai| ve gurUse ina saba tattvoMkoM sunA krte| isalie gurUke prati unakI zraddhA-bhaktikA koI aMta na thaa| gurUke prati isa prakArakI bhaktikA ullekha bauddha mahAyAna dharmameM, tantroMmeM, purANoMmeM, madhya 460
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________________ saMtoMkA mata yugameM sarvatra pAyA jAtA hai / jaina pAhur3a dohoMke dvArA bhI gurUkI mahimA sarvatra vighoSita huI hai / sambhavataH yaha gurubhakti bhI Ayako Aryetara sthAnoMse hI milI hai| kAraNa veda ke Adi yugameM gurubhaktikA itanA prAdurbhAva dekhaneko nahIM milatA / dhIre dhIre isakA prabhAva bar3hane lagA / brahmacAriyoMke lie AcArya vandanIya evaM anusaraNIya gine jAte the - vandana evaM anusaraNa karanekI bhAvanAke pIche bhI gurubhaktikA thor3A bahuta saMdhAna milatA hai / lekina bAda ke guruvAda meM gurUkA sthAna aura bhI bar3A hai / pAzcAtya zikSA evaM bhAratIya zikSA-saMskRti meM eka vizeSa prabheda yaha hai ki grIsa prabhRti dezoM ke adhivAsiyoMke gurU vidyA becA karate the / vidyA unakI vyaktigata sampatti thii| paise dekara unako vidyA kharIdanI par3atI thI / bola kara gurU icchAnukUla ise beca bhI sakate the / bhAratake brahmacArI evaM gurU sampUrNaM mAnava samAjake pAlaka the / evaM cUMki guruyoMkI sAdhanA vizva satyavara kendrita hotI thI isalie unase arjita jJAna bhI vizvake samasta adhivAsiyoM ke lie thA / isalie gurUyoMko jJAna becane kA koI adhikAra na thA / takSazilA, puruSapura prabhRti sthAnoMmeM grIka prabhAvase prabhAnvita gurU kahIM kahIM vidyA becA karate the | lekina aisA karaneke kAraNa unakI yatheSTa nindA hotI thI / bhAratakI sAdhanA meM vidyA kisI bhI sthAna para vyaktigata koI vastu na ginI gayI, vaha saba mAnavakI thI / bRhat saMhitA kI bhUmikA meM DA0 eca karNa0 bhU0 pR0 52 ) sAhabane bar3e Azcarya ke sAtha isakA ullekha kiyA hai| upaniSada ke yuga lekara Aja takakI bhAratakI sAdhanA meM gurutroM ke lie eka bar3A sthAna hai / vahAM gurU vidyA nahIM becate balki ve ziSyoM kA pAlana karate haiM evaM sAdhanA ke balase ziSyoMko dhanya kara vizvasAdhanAko Age bar3hate calate haiM / kavIra prabhRti sAdhaka nirakSara ho sakate haiM, lekina gurUkI kRpAse ve tattvajJAnI the / unakI apanI pratibhA bhI atulanIya thI isalie paNDita na hone para bhI unakA kisI tarahakA nukasAna nahIM huA / balki kabIra prabhRti sAdhaka yadi paNDita hote to zAyada aisI apUrva tatvapUrNa bAteM unake muMhase na nikalatI / kabIra jAtike julAhA the jinapara hindU-musalamAna kisI saMskArakA bojha na ladA thA / satra prAcIna saMskAroM se ve mukta the / saba tarahake bhAroMse mukta honeke kAraNa hI itanI sahajameM unake kAnoM taka bhagavAnakI vANI pahuMca pAyI hai / baMgAlake bAula bhI isIlie itane mukta haiM / unake gItoM meM hai- tomAra patha Dheke che mandire masajede | tomAra DAka suni sA~da calate nA pAda rukhe dAMr3Aya gurute marazede || mandira aura masajidane tumhAre pAsa pahuMcane ke rAsteko Dhaka rakhA hai| tumhArI bulAhaTa sunAyI de rahI hai lekina Age bar3hA na jAtA hai / guru evaM marazeda rAstemeM DapaTakara khar3e ho jAte haiM / 461
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________________ varNI abhinandana-graMtha gurU evaM marazedake pakSavAloMkA svArtha bheda buddhiko banAye rakhane meM hai| ye saba bAteM unakI jabAnapara nahIM AtIM / isalie ve bAta bAtameM bheda-vibhedakI duhAI dete haiM / kabIrako jaba saba kahane lage- "tU nIca kulakA hokara bhI ina saba satyoMkA saMdhAna kaise pA gayA ?" to kabIrane javAba diyA-"barasAta honepara pAnI to UMce sthAnapara nahIM ThaharatA, saba pAnI baha kara nIcekI aora ikaTThA hotA hai, sabake caraNoMke nIce / "ucai pAnI nA Tikai nIce hI ThaharAya' // " kabIrane phira eka jagaha kahA-'paNDita loga par3ha par3hakara patthara, aura likha likhakara ITa ho gaye. unake mana meM premakI eka chIMTa bhI praveza na kara pAtI hai| "par3hi par3hike patthara bhaye likhi likhi bhaye jU iNtt| kavIra antara premakI lAgi neka na chITara // " saMskRta na jAnanevAle kabIra kAzImeM baiThe baiThe cAroM ora paMDitoM meM bedhar3ake manakI bAta calatI bhASAmeM jorase pracAra karane lage-saba kahane lage-"kabIra, yaha kyA kaha rahe ho ?" kabIra bole"saMskRta kueke pAnI jaisA hai aura bhASA hai bahatI jaladhArA / " "saMskRta hai kUpajala bhASA bahatA nIra // " (vahI, pR0379 ) nAnA saMskRtike milanase hindU (bhAratI) saMskRtiko gaThana honekI vajahase isameM gatizIlatAke lie eka prakArakI zraddhA phUTa par3atI thii| aitareya brAhmaNa meM indrakI sAra bAta 'agrasara ho calo' yahI dekhaneko milatI hai| madhyayugakI sAra bAta-"agrasara ho calo' hI hai / agrasara na honekI zikSA hama logoMko Ajakala aMgrejIke zikSitoMmeM adhika dekhaneko milatI hai-aMgrejI sabhyatA asala meM sthitizIla yA kanjarveTiva sabhyatA hai| kabIra sarvadA sacala evaM sajIva bhAvoMke upAsaka the| acalatAke aMdhakAraka unane kisI dina pUjA nahIM kii| ve kahate-bahatA pAnI nirmala rahatA hai, baMdhA pAnI hI gaMdA ho uThatA hai| sAdhaka gaNa bhI yadi sacala hoM to acchA hai / aisA honepara kisI tarahakA doSa unako sparzanahIM kara pAtA hai ? "bahatA pAnI niramalA baMdA gaMdA hoya / sAdha to cAlatA bhalA dAga na lAgai koya // " ( vahI pR0 67 ) 1 bAlakadAsajI dvArA prakAzita kabIra sAhebakA sAkhI grantha, pR0 398 2 vahI pR0 199 / 462
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________________ saMtoMkA mata patha calate yadi koI gira bhI par3e to koI harajA nhiiN| "mAraga calate jo girai tAko nAhoM dosa ||"(vhii pR0 364 ) acalatAke prati kabIrakI bhakti na thii| unakA prema baliSTha prema thA, isI lie premako sAdhanA dvArA unane vIratvakI sAdhanA karanI cAhI thii| isa saMsAra meM praveza karate hI unhoMne sunA ki AkAzameM raNa damAmA baja rahA hai, yuddhakA nagAr3A coTa khA rahA hai aura usa coTakI tAlase tAla milAkara jIvana kI bAjI lagAte hue unako agrasara ho calanA pdd'egaa| "gagana damAmA bAjiyA par3ayA nisAna ghAva // " kabIra kahate haiM-jisa mRtyuse saba Darate haiM mujhe usIse Ananda prApta hotA hai / mautakI paravAha na kara niDara hokara Age bar3hanA hogaa| "jisa maraNe the jaga Darai so mere Ananda // " (vahI pR0 69) kabIra kahate haiM ki premakI kuTiyApara pahuMcaneke lie agamya agAdha rAstA calanA par3atA hai| jo apanA zIza unake caraNoMmeM upahAra de sakatA hai use hI premakA svAda milatA hai| "kabIra nija ghara premakA mAraga agama agAdha / sIsa utAri paga tali dharai taba nikaTi premakA svAda // ( vahI pR069) sAdhanAkA patha durgama va agAdha hone para bhI sAdhakoMke dala isa patha para calane meM kabhI nahIM Dare / bhAratake AkAzase vidhAtAkI jo AdezavANI unake damAmeMmeM nitya dhvanita hotI hai, vahI saba sAdhanAkI samanvayavANI hai| isa pathapara jo sAdhaka Ate haiM unake duHkha-durgati-lAMchanakA koI aMta nahIM raha jAtA hai / unake lie ghara aura bAhara sarvatra dina rAta utpIr3ana va atyAcAra pratIkSA kiyA karatA hai / itanA hone para bhI bhAratake yathArtha tapasviyoM kA dala ina saba vipadoMse bhIta hokara pIche na haTA / yugayugameM unakA AvirbhAva hotA hI rahA / vIra lar3AIke maidAnameM calA,vaha bhalA kyoM pazcAda pada hone lagA ? "sUrA car3hi saMgrAma ko pAchA paga kyoM dei // " ( dAdU, surAtana aGga, 13) yahI hai vIroMkI sAdhanA-patha, yahAM kApuruSoMkA sthAna nahIM / "kAyara kAma na Avai bahusUrekA kheta // " ( vahI, 15 ) aSTa prahara sAdhanAkA yaha yuddha binA khar3agake cala rahA hai; "ATha paharakA jUjhanA vinA khA~Dai saMgrAma / " (sAkhI grantha suramA aGga, 59 ) 1 nAgarI pracAriNI sabhAkI kabIra thAyalI pR0 68 /
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha rahA hai; dharaNI evaM AkAza meM kampana jArI hai, samasta zUnyatAko bharadene vAlA garjana sunAyI par3a dharaNI zrAkAzA thara harai garajai suna ke vIca // ( sAkhI grantha, suramA aGga, 123 ) itanI ar3acanoMke hote hue bhI yuga-yugameM bhAratIya sAdhakoMke dala apanI maitrI evaM samanvayakI virATa sAdhanAko lekara nirbhayatA ke sAtha vIroMkI taraha agrasara hue haiN| bAharakI bAdhAeM evaM gharakA virodha bIca bocameM unake pathameM bAdhA svarUpa hokara avazya khar3e hue haiM lekina unakI sAdhanA kI agragatiko sarvadA ke lie roka na sake / vidhAtAkI vaha mahAn Adeza vANI abhI bhI jinake kAnoMmeM pahuMcegI unakI pratihata gati meM kisI tarahako vidhi niSedha, koI duHkha vipada bAdhA, jarAsA bhI unake agragamana meM rukAva na DAla sakegA / 464
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________________ madhyayugIna santa-sAdhanAke jaina mArgadarzakazrI AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI hiMdI sAhityake jisa aMgakA nAma 'santa sAhitya' hai vaha vikramakI caudahavIM zatIke bAda prakaTa huA hai / isakA pradhAna svara bhakti aura prema hai / dakSiNake rAmAnuja, rAmAnaMda zrAdi AcAryoMkI preraNAse yaha bhakti-sAhitya prANavAna huA thA / lekina yaha sAhitya kevala dakSiNake vaiSNava prAcAryoM kA anukaraNa yA anuvAda nahIM hai| uttarake zaiva, zAkta, bauddha aura jaina sAdhakoMne isake lie bhUmi tayAra kara rakhI thI / isa santa-sAhityakI pRSThabhUmike adhyayana ke lie jisa prakAra purANa, Agama, taMtra, aura vaiSNava saMhitAeM Avazyaka haiM usI prakAra sahaja-yAniyoM, nAtha-paMthiyoM, niraMjaniyoM aura jaina sAdhakoM ke loka bhASAmeM likhe grantha bhI Avazyaka haiM, balki saca pUchA jAya to yaha dUsare prakArake sAhitya hI adhika Avazyaka haiN| ___ aThavI-navIM zatImeM vaha vizAla nAtha-saMpradAya zrAvirbhUta huA thA jisane lagabhaga samUce uttara bhAratako prabhAvita kiyA thaa| Aja bhI isa saMpradAyake sthAna kAmarUpase kAbula taka phaile hue haiM / nAtha-paMthIM siddhoMmeM se aneka aise haiM jo vajrayAnake AcArya bhI mAne jAte haiN| ina dinoM nAthapaMthI yogiyoMmeM aneka purAne saMpradAyoMke yogI raha gaye haiM / ina meM lakulIza, bauddha, vAmamArgI yogI to haiM hI; vaiSNava aura jaina yogI bhI haiM / vastutaH AThavIM-navIM zatImeM eka aise zaktizAlI lokadharmakA AvirbhAva huA thA jo kisI saMpradAya vizeSameM baddha nahIM thaa| isa zaktizAlI lokadharmakA keMdrabiMdu 'yoga' thA / 'yoga' meM bhI kAyA-yoga yA haThayoga hI usakA pradhAna sAdhana mArga thA / bAhyAcArakA virodha,cittazuddhipara jora denA, piMDako hI brahmANDakA saMkSipta rUpa mAnanA, aura samarasI bhAvase svasaMvedana Anandake upabhogako hI parama Ananda mAnanA isa yogakI kucha khAsa vizeSatAeM thIM / san IsavIkI AThavIM navIM zatImeM 'joindu' yA yogendra nAmake jaina sAdhaka ho gaye haiM / unakI apabhraMza racanAtroM meM ve sabhI vizeSatAeM pAyI jAtI haiM jo usa yugakI sAdhanAmeM mukhya rUpase, ghUma phirakara bAra bAra A jAyA karatI hai / isI prakAra joinduke prAyaH eka zatI bAda utpanna hue muni rAyasiMhajI ke pAhur3a dohe pAye gaye haiM jinameM bAhyAcArakA khaNDana aura dehameM paramazivake milanakA bar3A bhAvapUrNa aura sundara varNana pAyA jAtA hai| isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki jaina sAdhakoMke graMthoM meM 'paramAtmA' yA 'niraMjana' kA ThIka vahI artha nahIM hai jo 465
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha zaiva yA zAkta logoMke granthoMmeM gRhIta haiM / jaina santa agaNita AtmAoMmeM vizvAsa karate haiM / ye AtmA mukta hokara alaga vartamAna rahate haiM parantu unakA guNa eka honese ve 'eka' kahe jA sakate haiM / yaha pada jJAnase prApta ho sakatA hai aura jJAnakA sabase bar3A sAdhana cittazuddhi hai| joindune paramAtmaprakAzameM (270 ) kahA hai ki he jIva ! jahAM khuzI ho jAno aura jo marjI ho karo kintu jaba taka citta zuddha nahIM hotA taba taka mokSa nahIM milanekA jahiM bhAvai tahiM jAi jiya, jaM bhAvai kari taM ji / kembai mokkha Na atthi para , cittaha zuddhi Na jaMji / aura dAna karanese bhoga mila sakatA hai, tapa karanese indrAsana bhI mila sakatA hai parantu janma aura maraNase vivarjita zAzvata pada pAnA cAhate ho to vaha to jJAnase hI mila sakatA hai dANiM lambhai bhou para, iMdattaNu pi taveNa / jammaNa maraNa vivajiyau, pau labbhai NAyeNa // (pa0 pra0 2-72) jaba yaha mokSa prApta ho jAya gA taba AtmA hI anya AtmAoM ke samAna 'parama'-AtmAkA pada prApta kara legA / kahanA nahIM hogA yaha mata zaiva, zAkta sAdhakoMke matase bhinna hai, parantu bhinnatA paMDitoMke zAstrArthakA viSaya hai| sAdhAraNa janatAke lie yaha bAta vizeSa cintita nahIM karatI ki maraneke bAda vaha cinmaya sattAmeM vilIna ho jAyagA yA alaga banA rahegA, yA ekadama lupta ho jAyagA / maraNa aura janmake cakkara meM phira nahIM par3anA par3egA, isa viSayameM do mata nahIM hai| isIlie sAdhAraNa janatAke lie yaha upadeza hI kAphI hai ki dAna aura tapakI apekSA jJAna aura cittazuddhi zreSTha haiM / vastutaH ina racanAtroMmeM adhikAMza pada aise haiM jinaparase 'jaina' vizeSaNa haTA diyA jAya to ve yogiyoM aura tAMtrikoMkI racanAoM jaisI hI lageM gii| paravartI santoMkI racanAoMse to inameM adbhuta sAmya hai| jaba jaina sAdhaka joiMdu kahate haiM ki devatA na to devAlayameM hai. na zilAmeM, na caMdana prabhRti lepana padArthoM meM, aura na citrameM, balki vaha akSaya niraMjana jJAnamaya ziva to samacittameM nivAsa karatA hai deu Na devala Navi silae, Na vi lippai Navi citti / akhau NiraaNu NANamau, siu saMTiMu samaciti // . (paramAtmaprakAza 1-123) to yaha bhASA kabIra aura dAdU jaise santoMkI lagatI hai| nissandeha ye jaina sAdhaka paravartI bhakti-sAhityake puraskartAoMmeM gine jAyage / 466
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________________ madhyayugIna santa sAdhanAke jaina mArgadarzaka bAharI veza-bhUSA, nahAnA-dhonA yA UparI manase japatapa vastutaH koI vizeSa siddhi nahIM dete, isa bAtakA pracAra ina jaina sAdhakoMne bar3I zaktizAlI bhASAmeM kiyA hai| muni rAmasiMhane bheSakI vyarthatA dikhAneke lie sAMpakI kaiMculIse upamA dI hai| UparI AvaraNako sAMpa chor3a detA hai aura navIna AvaraNa dhAraNa karatA hai| isase usakA viSa thor3e hI naSTa hotA hai| isI prakAra bheSa badala kara sAdhu bana jAnese AdamI zuddha nahIM hotA / isake lie Avazyaka hai bhoga-bhAvakA parityAga / jaba taka yaha nahIM hotA taba taka nAnA veSoMke dhAraNase kyA lAbha hai ? sappi mukkI kaMculiya jaM visu taMNa marei / bhoyahaM bhAva Na pariharai liMgaggahaNu karei / - muni rAmasiMhane likhA hai ki he yogI, jise dekhaneke lie tU tIrthoM meM ghUmatA phiratA hai vaha ziva bhI to tere sAtha sAtha ghUma rahA hai, phira bhI tU use nahIM pA sakA jo paiM joiuM joiyA titthaI tittha bhmoi| . .. siu paisihaM hahiDiyau, lahivi Na sakkiu toi // ise par3hate hI kabIradAsakA vaha prasiddha bhajana yAda A jAtA hai jisameM kahA gayA hai'moko kahAM DhUr3he baMde, maiM to tere paasmeN|' parama prAptavya isa zarIrake bAhara nahIM haiM, jo kucha brahmAMDa meM prApta hai vaha sabhI piMDameM pAyA jA sakatA hai| yaha usa yugakI pradhAna vizeSatA hai| ina jaina sAdhakoMne bhI apane DhaMgase isa satyakA pracAra kiyA hai / muni rAmasiMhane kahA hai ki e mUrkha ! tuma devAlayoMko kyA dekhate phirate ho| ina devAlayoMko to sAdhAraNa logoMne banA diyA hai| tuma apanA zarIra kyoM nahIM dekhate jahAM zivakA nitya vAsa hai ? mUr3hA jovai devalaI, loyahiM jAiM kiyAI / deha Na picchai appaNiya, jahiM siu saMtu ThiyAI // pustakI vidyAse vaha parama prAptavya nahIM pAyA jAtA / kathana mAtrase use nahIM upalabdha kiyA jA sakatA / gorakhanAthane raTaMta vidyAkA parihAsa karate hue kahA thA "par3hA-likhA sutrA vilAI sAyA, paMDitake hAthAM raha gaI pothI" totA saba zAstra par3ha jAya to bhI vilAIke hAthase nahIM baca pAtA aura hAthameM pothI liye liye paMDita mAyAkA zikAra ho jAtA hai| joindune bhI pustakI vidyAkI vyarthatA batAyI hai / yaha jo celA-celiyoMkA ThATa bATa hai, pothiyoMkA ambAra hai, inake cakkarameM par3A huA jIva bhale hI prasanna ho le parantu hai yaha anubhavagamya satyake lie antarAya hI hai (paramAtmaprakAza 2,88 ) jaba taka citta
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________________ varNI abhinandana graMtha viSaya vikArase dUSita hai taba taka usameM zivakA sAkSAtkAra asaMbhava hai / 'e yogI, nirmala manameM hI paramazivakA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai, ghana rahita nirmala nabhomaNDala meM hI sUrya sphurita hotA hai joiya Nitra maNi Nimmalae para dIsaha siva santu / ambara nimmala ghaNa rahie bhAgu ji jema phur3antu // ( pa0 pra0 10119 ) yaha khedakI bAta hai ki niraMjana aura nirguNa matake anuyAyI sAdhakoM ke sAhitya ke adhyayana ke prasaMga meM abhItaka ina jaina sAdhakoMke sAhityakA upayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai / rAmasiMha joinduke atirikta aura koI bhI sAdhaka isa zreNIke kavi hue haiM yA nahIM yaha hameM mAlUma nahIM hai / merA vizvAsa hai ki jaina bhANDAroMmeM abhI isa prakArake aneka graMtha par3e hue haiN| unake susaMpAdita saMskaraNakI bar3I AvazyakatA hai aura sAtha hI santa sAhitya ke zodhakoM kA bhI yaha kartavya hai ki ve pothiyoMse hI santu na rahakara ina ajJAta utsoM kI khoja khabara leM / 468
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________________ bhAratIya-jyotiSakA poSaka jaina-jyotiSa zrI paM0 nemicandra jaina, zAstrI, nyAyatIrtha, sAhityaratna, jyautiSAcArya __ bhAratIya AcAryoMne "jyotiSAM sUryAdigrahANAM bodhakaM zAstram" jyotiSa zAstrakI vyutpatti kI hai arthAt sUryAdi graha aura kAlakA bodha karAnevAle zAstrako jyotiSa zAstra kahA hai / isameM pradhAnatayA graha, nakSatra, dhUmaketu, Adi jyotiHpuoMkA svarUpa, saMcAra, paribhramaNa kAla, grahaNa aura sthiti prabhRti samasta ghaTanAoMkA nirUpaNa tathA graha, nakSatroMkI gati, sthiti aura saMcArAnusAra zubhAzubha phaloMkA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| jyotiSazAstra bhI mAnavakI Adima avasthAmeM aMkurita hokara jJAnonnatike sAtha-sAtha kramazaH saMzodhita aura parivardhita hotA huA vartamAna avasthAko prApta huA hai| bhAratIya RSiyoMne apane divyajJAna aura sakriya sAdhanA dvArA aAdhunika yantroMke abhAva maya prAgitihAsakAlameM bhI isa zAstrakI aneka gutthiyoMko sulajhAyA thaa| prAcIna vedhazAlAoM ko dekhakara isIlie Adhunika vaijJAnika Azcaryacakita ho jAte haiN| jyotiSa aura Ayurveda jaise lokopayogI viSayoMke nirmANa aura anusandhAna dvArA bhAratIya vijJAnake vikAsameM jainAcAryoMne apUrva yoga dAna diyA hai| jyotiSake itihAsakA AloDana karane para jJAta hotA hai ki jainAcAryoM dvArA nirmita jyotiSa granthoMse jahAM maulika siddhAnta sAkAra hue vahIM bhAratIya jyotiSameM aneka navIna bAtoMkA samAveza tathA prAcIna siddhAntoMmeM parimArjana bhI hue haiM / bhAratakA itihAsa hI batalAtA hai ki IsvI sanke saikar3oM varSa pUrva bhI isa zAstrako vijJAnakA sthAna prApta ho gayA thA / isIlie bhAratIya AcAryoMne isa zAstrako samayasamaya para apane navIna anusandhAnoM dvArA pariSkRta kiyA hai| jaina vidvAnoM dvArA race gaye granthoMkI sahAyatAke vinA isa vijJAnake vikAsa-kramako samajhanA kaThina hI nahIM, asaMbhava hai| graha, rAzi aura lagna vicArako lekara jainAcAryoMne dazakoM grantha likhe haiN| Aja bhI bhAratIya jyotiSakI vivAdAspada aneka samasyAeM jaina jyotiSake sahayogase sulajhAyI jA sakatI haiN| yoM to bhAratIya jyotiSa kA zRGkhalAbaddha itihAsa hameM AryabhaTTake samayase milatA hai, para inake pahaleke grantha veda, aMga sAhitya, brAhmaNa grantha, sUryaprazapti, gargasaMhitA, jyotiSakaraNDaka evaM vedAGgajyotiSa prabhRpti granthoMmeM jyotiSa zAstrakI aneka mahattvapUrNa bAtoMkA varNana hai / vedAGgajyotiSa meM paJcavarSIya yugapara se
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyana ke tithi, nakSatra evaM dinamAna AdikA sAdhana kiyA gayA hai| isake anusAra yugakA Arambha mAgha zukla pratipadA ke dina sUrya aura candramAke dhaniSThA nakSatra sahita krAntivRtta meM pahuMcane para mAnA gayA hai / vedAGga jyotiSakA racanAkAla kaI zatI I0 pU0 mAnA jAtA hai / isake racanAkAlakA patA lagAne ke lie vidvAnoMne jaina jyotiSako hI pRSThabhUmi svIkAra kiyA hai / vedAGga jyotiSapara usake samakAlIna SaTkhaNDAgamameM upalabdha sphuTa jyotiSa carcA, sUryaprajJapti evaM jyotiSakaraNDaka Adi jaina jyotiSa granthoMkA prabhAva spaSTa lakSita hotA hai / jaisA ki 'hindutva' ke lekhaka ke "bhAratIya jyotiSa meM yUnAniyoM kI zailIkA pracAra vikramI samvat se tIna sau varSa pIche huA | para jainoM ke mUla grantha aGgoM meM yavana jyotiSakA kucha bhI AbhAsa nahIM hai / jisa prakAra sanAtaniyoMkI vedasaMhitA meM paJcavarSAtmaka yuga hai aura kRttikAse nakSatra gaNanA hai usI prakAra jainoMke aGga granthoM meM bhI hai; isase unakI prAcInatA siddha hotI hai 2 / " kathana se siddha hai / sUryaprajJaptimeM paJcavarSAtmaka yugakA ullekha karate hue likhA hai "zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadA ke dina sUrya jisa samaya abhijit nakSatra para pahuMcatA hai usI samaya paJcavarSIya yuga prAraMbha hotA hai / " ati prAcIna phuTakara upalabdha SaTkhaNDAgamako jyotiSa carcAse bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai / vedAGgajyotiSase pUrva vaidika granthoMmeM bhI yahI bAta hai / paJcavarSAtmaka yugakA sarva prathamollekha jaina jyotiSa meM hI milatA hai| DA0 zyAmazAstrIne vedAGgajyotiSa kI bhUmikA meM svIkAra kiyA hai ki vedAGgajyotiSa ke vikAsa meM jaina jyotiSakA bar3A bhArI sahayoga hai vinA jainajyotiSa ke adhyayana ke vedAGga jyotiSakA adhyayana adhUrA hI kahA jaaygaa| prAcIna bhAratIya jyotiSa meM jainAcAryoMke siddhAnta atyanta hI mahatvapUrNa haiM / jaina jyotiSa meM paurNamAsyAnta mAsa gaNanA lI gayI hai, kintu yAjuSa - jyotiSa meM darzAnta mAsa gaNanA svIkAra kI gayI hai / isase spaSTa hai ki prAcIna kAlameM paurNamAsyAnta mAsa gaNanA lI jAtI thI, kintu yavanoMke prabhAva se darzAnta mAsa gaNanA lI jAne lgii| bAdameM cAndramAsake prabhAvase punaH bhAratIya jyotirvidoMne paurNamAsyAnta mAsa gaNanAkA pracAra kiyA lekina yaha paurNamAsyAnta mAsa gaNanA sarvatra pracalita na ho skii| prAcIna jaina jyotiSameM heya parva tithikA vivecana karate hue amake sambandha meM batAyA gayA hai" ki eka sAvana mAsako dina saMkhyA 30 aura cAndramAsakI dina saMkhyA 1 svarAkramete somA yadA sAkaM svaasvii| syAttadAdi yugaM mAghastaparazuklo'yanaM hUyudaka / / prapadye te zravAdI sUryAcandramasAvudaka / sarpa dakSiNA karatu mAghazrAvaNayorasadA || ( vedAGga jyotiSa pR0 4-5 ) 2 hindutva pR0 581 / 3 " sAvaNa bahula paDivae vAlavakaraNe abhIi nakkhate / samvattha paDama samaye ju+ssa AI viyANAhi // " 4 vedAGgajyotiSa kI bhUmikA, pR0 3 / 5 - sUrya prajJapti, pR0 216-17 ( malayagira TIkA ) / 470
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________________ bhAratIya-jyotiSakA poSaka jaina-jyotiSa 26+32 / 62 hai / sAvana mAsa aura cAndramAsakA antara avama hotA hai ataH 30-29+32/62 = 30/62 avama bhAga huA, isa avamakI pUrti do mAsameM hotI hai|" anupAtase eka dinakA avamAMza 1/62 AtA hai / yaha sUryaprajJapti sammata avamAMza vedAGgajyotiSameM bhI hai| vedAGgajyotiSakI racanAke anantara kaI zatI taka isa mAnyatAmeM bhAratIya jyotiSane koI parivartana nahIM kiyA lekina jaina jyotiSake uttaravartI jyotiSakaraNDaka Adi granthoM meM sUryaprajJapti kAlIna sthUla avamAMzameM saMzodhana evaM parivartana milatA hai, prakriyA nimna prakAra hai isa kAla meM 30/62 kI apekSA 31/62 avamAMza mAnA gayA hai| isI avamAMza parase tyAjya tithikI vyavasthA kI gayI hai| isase varAhamihira bhI prabhAvita hue haiM unhoMne pitAmahake siddhAMtakA ullekha karate hue likhA hai ki 'ravi zazinoH paJcayugavarSANi pitAmahopadiSTAni / adhimAsastriMzadbhirmAsairavamo dviSaSTyA tu // ' ataH spaSTa hai ki avama-tithi kSaya sambandhI prakriyAkA vikAsa jainAcAryoMne svatantra rUpase kiyA / samaya-samayapara isa prakriyAmeM saMzodhana evaM parivartana hote gye| vedAGgajyotiSa meM pauMkA jJAna karAneke lie divasAtmaka dhruvarAzikA kathana kiyA gayA hai| yaha prakriyA gaNita dRSTi se atyanta sthUla hai / jainAcAryoMne isI prakriyAko nakSatrarUpameM svIkAra kiyA hai| inake matase candra nakSatra yogakA jJAna karaneke lie dhruvarAzikA pratipAdana nimna prakAra huA hai "caubIsasamaM kAUNa pamANaM sattasaTTimeva phalam / icchApavvehiM guNaM kAUNaM pajjayA laddA // " arthAt 67/12441830/67 = 915/62 = 14+47/62 = 14+94/124kI parva dhruvarAzi batAyI gayI hai / tulanAtmaka dRSTi se vedAGgajyotiSa sammata aura jainamAnyatAkI dhruvarAzipara vicAra karanese spaSTa hai ki nakSatrAtmaka dhruvarAzikA uttarakAlIna rAzike vikAsameM mahattvapUrNa yoga hai| Age isI prakriyAkA vikasita rUpa krAntivRttake dvAdazabhAgAtmaka rAzi hai| paJcavarSAtmaka yugameM jainAcAryoMkI vyatIpAta-AnayanasambandhI prakriyAkA uttarakAlIna bhAratIya jyotiSameM mahattvapUrNa sthAna haiM / jyotiSa karaNDakakI nimna gAthAoMmeM isa prakriyAkA vivecana milatA hai| ayaNANaM sambandhe ravisomANaM tu ve hi ya jugammi / jaM havai bhAgaladdhaM vaihayA tatsiyA honti // vAyattatarIpamANe phalarAsI icchite u jugabhee / icchiya vaivAyapi ya icchaM kAUNa ANe hi // 1-'dvASaSThitamaghasrasya tatassUryodayakSaNe / upasthitA pUrvarItyA drAka triSaSTitamI tithiH / / ' TAnA ." . .. 2-'nireka dvAdazAbhyastaM dviguNaM rUpasaMyutam / SaSThyA SaSThyA yutaM dvAbhyAM parvaNAM rAzirucyate / ' -vedAMgajyotiSa [ yAjuSa jyotiSa somAkara sudhAkara bhASyAbhyAM sahitam ], pR0 20 /
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________________ varNo-abhinandana-grantha ___ ina gAthAoMkI vyAkhyA karate hue TIkAkAra malayagirane "iha sUryAcandramasau svakIye'yane vartamAnau yatra parasparaM vyatipatataH sa kAlo vyatipAtaH tatra ravisomayoH yuge yugamadhye yAni ayanAni teSAM paraspara sambandhe ekatramelane kRte dvAbhyAM bhAgo hriyate / hRte ca bhAge yadbhavati bhAgalabdhaM tAvantaH tAvatpramANAH yuge vyatipAtA bhavanti // " gaNitakriyA -72 vyatipAtameM 124 parva hote haiM to eka vyatipAtameM kyA ? aisA anupAta karanepara--12441/72= 1+52/72415 = 10+60/72 tithi 60/72430 = 25 muhUrta / vyatipAta dhruvarAzikI paTTikA eka yugameM nimna prakAra siddha hogI tithi (1) 124/7241% (2) 124/7242 = ( 3 ) 124/7243 = (4) 124/72 44 = (5) 124/7245 = (6)124/7246 = (7) 124/7247 = (8) 124/72 48= (9) 124/7249 = (10) 124/72410 = grur VAM ~ jahAM vedAGgajyotiSameM vyatipAtakA kevala nAmamAtra ullekha milatA hai, vahAM jaina jyotiSameM gaNita sambandhI vikasita prakriyA bhI milatI hai| isa prakiyAkA candranakSatra evaM sUryanakSatra sambandhI vyatipAtake AnayanameM mahattvapUrNa upayoga hai / varAhamihira jaise gaNakoMne isa vikasita dhruvarAzi paTTikAke anukaraNa para hI vyatipAta sambaMdhI siddhAnta sthira kiye haiN| jisa kAlameM jaina-paJcAGgako praNAlIkA vikAsa paryApta rUpameM ho cukA thA usa kAla meM anya jyotiSameM kevala parva, tithi, parvake nakSatra evaM yoga Adikake AnayanakA vidhAna hI milatA hai / parva aura tithiyoM meM nakSatra lAnekI jaisI sundara evaM vikasita jaina prakriyA hai, vaisI a ya jyotiSameM chaThI zatIke bAdake granthoM meM upalabdha hotI hai| kAlalokaprakAzameM likhA hai ki yugAdimeM abhijit nakSatra hotA hai / candramA abhijitko bhogakara zravaNase zurU hotA hai aura agrima 3, jyotiSa karaNDaka pR0 200-205 / ( pUrva pRThAt ) 472
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________________ bhAratIya-jyotiSakA poSaka jaina jyotiSa pratipadAko maghA nakSatra para AtA hai| nakSatra lAnekI gaNita prakriyA isa prakAra hai-parvakI saMkhyAko 15 se guNA kara gata tithi saMkhyAko jor3a kara jo ho usameM do ghA kara zeSameM 82 kA bhAga denese jo zeSa rahe usameM 27 kA bhAga denepara jo zeSa ave utanI hI saMkhyA vAlA nakSatra hotA hai, parantu yaha nakSatra-gaNanA kRttikAse lenI caahiye| prAcIna jaina jyotiSameM sUrya saMkrAntike anusAra dvAdaza mahInoMkI nAmAvalI bhI nimna prakAra milatI hai pracalita nAma zrAvaNa bhAdrapada Azvina kArtika mArgazIrSa pauSa sUrya saMkrAntike anusAra jaina mahinoMke nAma abhinandu supratiSTha vijayA prItivarddhana zreyAn ziva yichi mAgha phAlguna hamavAn caitra vasanta vaizAkha kusumasaMbhava jyeSTha nidAgha ASAr3ha vanavirodhI isa mAsa prakriyAke mUlameM saMkrAnti sambandhI nakSatra rahatA hai / isa nakSatrake prabhAvase hI abhinandu Adi dvAdaza mahInoMke nAma batAye gaye haiM / jainetara bhAratIya jyotiSameM bhI ekAdha jagaha do cAra mahInoMke nAma Aye haiN| varAhamihirane satyAcArya aura yavanAcAryakA ullekha karate hue saMkrAnti saMbaMdhI nakSatrake hisAbase mAsa gaNanAkA khaNDana kiyA hai| lekina prAraMbhika jyotiSa siddhAntoMke Upara vicAra karanese yaha spaSTa hai ki yaha mAsa prakriyA bahuta prAcIna hai Rk jyotiSameM eka sthAnapara kArtikake lie prItivarddhana aura Azvinake lie vijayA prayukta hue haiN| isI prakAra jaina jyotiSameM samvatsarakI prakriyA bhI aura maulika va mahattvapUrNa hai / jainAcAryoMne jitane vistArake sAtha isa siddhAntake Upara likhA hai utanA anya siddhAntoMke sambandhameM nahIM / prAcIna 1 "nakSatrANAM parAvarta ....." ityAdi / kAlalokaprakAza, pR0 11 / 60 473
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________________ vI-abhinandana-grantha kAlameM bhI jainAcAryoMne samvatsara-sanbandhI jo gaNita aura phalitake niyama nirdhArita kie haiM ve jainetara bhAratIya jyotiSameM AThavIM zatIke bAda vyavahRta hue haiM / nAkSatra samvatsara, 327 + 52; yuga samvatsara pAMca varSa pramANa, pramANa samvatsara, zani samvatsara / jaba bRhaspati sabhI nakSatrasamUhako bhoga kara punaH abhijit nakSatra para AtA hai taba mahAnAkSatra samvatsara hotA hai| phalita jaina jyotiSameM ina samvatsaroMke praveza evaM nirgama Adike dvArA vistArase phala batAyA hai, ataH niSpakSa dRSTi se yaha svIkAra karanA hI par3egA ki bhAratIya jyotiSake vikAsameM jaina samvatsara prakriyA kA bar3A bhArI yoga dAna hai / SaTkhaNDAgama dhavalA TIkAke prathama khaNDa gata caturthAMzameM prAcIna jaina jyotiSakI kaI mahattvapUrNa bAteM sUtrarUpameM vidyamAna haiM usameM samayake zubhAzubhakA jJAna karAneke lie dinarAtri ke (1) raudra (2) zveta (3) bhaitra (4) sArabhaTa (5) daitya (6) vairocana (7) vaizvadeva (8) abhijit (9) rohaNa (10) bala (11) vijaya (12) naiRtya (13) varuNa (14) aryaman aura (15) bhAgya muhUrta batAye haiN| ina dinamuhUttoM meM phalita jaina granthoMke anusAra raudra, sArabhaTa, vaizvadeva; daitya aura bhAgya yAtrAdi zubha kAryoM meM tyAjya haiM / abhijit aura vijaya ye do muhUrta sabhI kAryoM meM siddhidAyaka batAye gaye haiM / AThavIM zatIke jaina jyotiSa sambandhI muhUrttagranthoM meM inhIM muhUrtoMko adhika pallavita karake pratyeka dinake zubhAzubha kRtyoMkA praharoM meM nirUpaNa kiyA hai / isI prakAra rAtrike bhI ( 1) sAvitra (2) dhurya ( 3) dAtraka (4) yama (5) vAyu (6) hutAzana (7) bhAnu (8) vaijayanta (9) siddhArtha (10) siddhasena (11) vikSobha (12) yogya (13) puSpadanta, (14) sugaMdharva aura (15) aruNa ye pandraha muhUrta haiM / inameM siddhArtha, siddhasena, dAtraka aura puSpadanta zubha hote haiM zeSa azubha haiM / . siddhArthako sarvakAryoMkA siddha karanevAlA kahA hai| jyotiSa zAstra meM isa prakriyAkA vikAsa AryabhaTTake bAda nirmita phalita granthoM meM hI milatA hai| tithiyoMkI saMjJA bhI sUtrarUpase dhavalAmeM isa prakAra AyI hai--nandA, bhadrA, jayA, riktA (tukA), aura pUrNA ye pAMca sajJAeM pandraha tithiyoMkI nizcita kI gayI haiM, inake svAmI kramase candra, sUrya, indra, AkAza aura dharma batAye gaye haiN| pitAmaha siddhAnta, paulastya-siddhAnta aura nAradIya siddhAntameM inhIM tithiyoMkA ullekha svAmiyoM sahita milatA hai, para svAmiyoMkI nAmAvalI jaina nAmAvalIse sarvathA bhinna hai| isI prakAra sUryanakSatra, cAndranakSatra, bArhaspatyanakSatra evaM zukranakSatrakA ullekha bhI jainAcAryoMne vilakSaNa sUkSmadRSTi aura gaNita prakriyAse kiyA hai| bhinna-bhinna grahoMke nakSatroMkI prakriyA pitAmaha siddhAntameM bhI sAmAnyarUpase batAyI gayI hai| 1 "raudraH zvetazca ....ityAdi" dhavalA TIkA, caturtha bhAga pR0 318 / / 2 "savitro dhuryasaMzazca ...." ityAdi / dhavalA TIkA, caturtha bhAga, pR0 319 /
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________________ bhAratIya jyotiSakA poSaka jaina-jyotiSa ayana sambandhI jaina jyotiSakI prakriyA tatkAlIna jyotiSa granthoM kI apekSA adhika vikasita evaM maulika hai| isake anusAra sUryakA cArakSetra sUrya ke bhramaNa mArgakI caur3AI-pAMca sau daza yojanase kucha adhika batAyA gayA hai, isameM se eka sau assI yojana cArakSetra to jambUdvIpameM hai aura avazeSa tIna sau tIsa yojana pramANa lavaNasamudrameM hai, jo ki jambUdvIpako cAroM orase ghere hue hai / sUrya ke bhramaNa karaneke mArga eka sau caurAsI haiM inheM zAstrIya bhASAmeM vIthiyAM kahA jAtA hai| eka sau caurAsI bhramaNa mArgoM meM eka sUrya kA udaya eka sau terAsI bAra hotA hai| jambUdvIpameM do sUrya aura do candramA mAne gaye haiM, eka bhramaNa mArgako taya karanemeM donoM sUryoMko eka dina aura eka sUryako do dina arthAt sATha muhUrta lagate haiM / isa prakAra eka varSameM tIna sau chayAsaTha aura eka ayanameM eka sau terAsI dina hote haiM / / sUrya jaba jambUdvIpake antima prAbhyantara mArgase bAharakI ora nikalatA huA lavaNasamudrakI tarapha jAtA hai taba bAharI lavaNasamudrastha antima mArgapara calaneke samayako dakSiNAyana kahate haiM aura vahAM taka pahuMcane meM sUryako eka sau terAsI dina lagate haiN| isI prakAra jaba sUrya lavaNasamudrake bAhya antima mArgase ghUmatA huA bhItara jambUdvIpakI ora AtA hai taba use uttarAyaNa kahate haiM aura jambUdvIpastha antima mArga taka pahuMcanemeM use eka sau terAsI dina laga jAte haiM / paJcavarSAtmaka yugameM uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyana sambandhI tithi-nakSatrakA vidhAna' sarvaprathama yugake AraMbhameM dakSiNAyana batAyA gayA hai yaha zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadAko abhijit nakSatrameM hotA hai / dUsarA uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNA saptamI hasta nakSatrameM; tIsarA dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa kRSNA trayodazI mRgazira nakSatrameM; cauthA uttarAyaNa mAghazuklA caturthI zatabhiSA nakSatrameM; pAMcavA dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa zuklA dazamI vizAkhA nakSatrameM; chaThavAM uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNA pratipadA puSya nakSatrameM; sAtavAM dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa kRSNA saptamI revatI nakSatrameM; AThavAM uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNa trayodazI mUla nakSatrameM; navamAM dakSiNAyana zrAvaNa zukla navamI pUrvAphAlguNI nakSatra meM aura dazavAM uttarAyaNa mAgha kRSNA trayodazI kRttikA nakSatra meM mAnA gayA hai kintu tatkAlIna Rk , yAjuS aura atharva jyotiSameM yugake AdimeM prathama uttarAyaNa batAyA hai / yaha prakriyA aba taka calI A rahI hai / kahA nahIM jA sakatA ki yugAdimeM dakSiNAyana aura uttarAyaNakA itanA vaiSamya kaise ho gayA ? jaina mAnyatAke anusAra jaba sUrya uttarAyaNa hotA hai-lavaNa samudra ke bAharI mArgase bhItara jambUdvIpakI ora jAtA hai-usa samaya kramazaH zIta ghaTane lagatA hai aura garamI bar3hanA zuru ho jAtI hai / isa sardI aura garmoke vRddhi-hAsake do kAraNa haiM, pahalA yaha hai ki sUryake jambUdvIpake samIpa Anese usakI kiraNoMkA prabhAva yahAM adhika par3ane lagatA hai, dUsarA kAraNa yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki usakI kiraNe samudra 1 "prathama bahula paDivae * * ityAdi, sUryaprazapti ( malayagira TIkA sahita). pR. 222 / 475
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________________ varNo abhinandana grantha ke agAdha jalaparase Anese ThaMDI par3a jAtI thiiN| unameM kramazaH jambUdvIpakI ora gaharAI kama hone evaM sthalabhAga pAsa honese santApa adhika bar3hatA jAtA hai, isI kAraNa yahAM garmI adhika par3ane lagatI hai| yahAM taka ki sUrya jaba jambUdvIpake bhItarI antima mArgapara pahuMcatA hai taba yahAM para sabase adhika garmI par3atI hai / uttarAyaNakA prAraMbha makara saMkrAntiko aura dakSiNAyanakA prAraMbha karka saMkrAMtiko hotA hai / uttarAyaNake prAraMbha meM 12 muhurttakA dina aura 18 muhurta kI rAtri hotI hai| dinamAnakA pramANa nimnaprakAra batAyA hai / parva saMkhyAko 15 se guNAkara tithi saMkhyA jor3a denA cAhie, isa tithi saMkhyA meM se eka sau bIsa tithipara Ane vAle avako ghaTAnA cAhie | isa zeSameM 183 kA bhAga dekara jo zeSa rahe use dUnA kara 61 kA bhAga denA cAhiye jo labdha Ave use dakSiNAyana ho to 18 muhUrtta meM se ghaTAne para dinamAna aura uttarAyaNa ho to 12 muhUrta meM jor3ane para dinamAna AtA hai | udAharaNArtha yugake ATha parva vIta jAnepara tRtIyA ke dina dinamAna nikAlanA hai ataH 15x8 = 120+3 = 123 - 1 = 122/183 = 0 + 123 = 12242 = 244 /61 = 4, dakSiNAyana hone se 18 - 4 = 14 muhUrta dinamAnakA pramANa huA / vedAGgajyotiSa meM dinamAna sambaMdhI yaha prakriyA nahIM milatI hai, usa kAlameM kevala 18-12 = 6/183=61 vRddhi-hAsa rupa dinamAnakA pramANa sAdhAraNAnupAta dvArA nikAlA gayA hai / phalataH upayukta prakriyA vikasita aura pariSkRta hai isakA uttarakAlIna pitAmaha ke siddhAntapara bar3A bhArI prabhAva par3A hai / pitAmahane jaina prakriyA meM thor3AsA saMzodhana evaM parivarddhana karake uttarAyaNa yA dakSiNAyanake dinAdimeM jitane dina vyatIta hue hoM unameM 732 jor3a denA cAhiye phira dUnA karake 61 kA bhAga dene se jo labdha Ave usameM se 12 ghaTA dene para dinamAna nikAlanA batAyA hai / pitAmahakA siddhAnta sUkSma hokara bhI jaina prakriyA se spaSTa prabhAvita mAlUma hotA hai / nakSatroMke AkAra sambandhI ullekha jaina jyotiSakI apanI vizeSatA haiM / candraprajJapti meM nakSatroMke AkAra-prakAra, bhojana - vasana AdikA pratipAdana karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki abhijit nakSatra gozRGga, zravaNa nakSatra kapATa, dhaniSThA nakSatra pakSIke piMjarA, zatabhiSA nakSatra puSpakI rAzi, pUrvAbhAdrapada evaM uttarAbhAdrapada ardha-vAvar3I, revatI nakSatra kaTe hue ardha phala, azvinI nakSatra azvaskandha, bhariNI nakSatra strI kI yoni, kRttikA nakSatra grAha, rohaNI nakSatra zakaTa, mRgazirA nakSatra mRgamastaka, ArdrA nakSatra rudhira bindu, punarvasu nakSatra cUlikA, puSya nakSatra bar3hate hue candra, AzleSA nakSatra dhvajA, maghA nakSatra prAkAra, pUrvAphalgunI evaM uttarAphAlgunI nakSatra ardha - palyaGga, hasta nakSatra hathelI, citrA nakSatra mauAke puSpa, svAti nakSatra khIle, vizAkhA nakSatra dAminI,anurAdha nakSatra ekAvalI, jyeSThA nakSatra gajadanta, mUla nakSatra bicchU, pUrvASAr3hA nakSatra 1 jyotiSakaraNDaka, gAthA 311- 20 / 2 "dvayagninameSUttarataH "padya, paJcasiddhAntikA / 476
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________________ bhAratIya jyotiSakA poSaka jaina jyotiSa / hastIkI cAla aura uttarASAr3hA nakSatra siMhake AkAra hotA hai yaha nakSatroM kI saMsthAna sambandhI prakriyA varAhamihira ke kAlase pUrva kI hai / inake pUrva kahIM bhI nakSatroMke AkAra kI prakriyAkA ullekha nahIM hai / isa prakArase nakSatroMke saMsthAna, Asana, zayana Adike siddhAnta jainAcAryoMke dvArA nirmita hokara uttarottara pallavita aura puSpita hue haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya jyotiSake nimna siddhAnta jaina-ajainoMke paraspara sahayogase vikasita hu hote haiN| ina siddhAntoMmeM pAMcavAM, sAtavAM, AThavAM, navam dasavAM, gyArahavAM aura bArahaveM siddhAntoMkA mUlataH jainAcAyA~ne nirUpaNa kiyA hai / prAcIna jaina jyotiSa granthoMmeM SaTkhaNDAgamasUtra evaM TIkA meM upalabdha phuTakara jyotiSa carcA, sUryaprajJati, jyotiSakaraNDaka, candraprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, trailokyaprajJapti, aGgavijjA, gaNavijA, Adi grantha pradhAna haiN| inake tulanAtmaka vizleSaNase ye siddhAnta nikalate haiM ( 1 ) pratidina sUryake bhramaNa mArga nirUpaNa sambandhI siddhAnta - isIkA vikasita rUpa dainika ahorAtravRttakI kalpanA hai / ( 2 ) dinamAna ke vikAsakI praNAlI / ( 3 ) ayana sambandhI prakriyAkA vikAsa - isIkA vikasita rUpa dezAntara, kAlAntara, bhujAntara, carAntara evaM udayAntara sambandhI siddhAnta haiM / (4) patra meM viSuvAnayana isakA vikasita rUpa saMkrAnti aura krAnti haiM / ( 5 ) saMvatsara - sambandhI prakriyA - isakA vikasita rUpa sauramAsa, cAndramAsa, sAvanamAsa evaM nAkSatramAsa Adi haiM / ( 6 ) gaNita prakriyA dvArA nakSatra lagnAnayanakI rIti- isakA vikasita rUpa triMzAMza, navamAMza, dvAdazAMza evaM horAdi haiM / ( 9 ) kAlagaNanA prakriyA - isakA vikasita rUpa aMza, kalA, vikalA Adi kSetrAMza sambandhI gaNanA evaM ghaTI palAdi sambandhI kAlagaNanA hai / ( 8 ) RtuzeSa prakriyA - isakA vikasita rUpa kSayazeSa, adhimAsa, adhizeSa Adi haiM / ( 6 ) sUrya aura candramaNDala ke vyAsa, paridhi aura ghanaphala prakriyA - isakA vikasita rUpa samasta graha gaNita hai / ( 10 ) chAyA dvArA samaya nirUpaNa - isakA vikasita rUpa iSTakAla, bhayAta, bhabho evaM sarvabhoga Adi haiM / ( 11 ) nakSatrAkAra evaM tArikAoMke puJjAdikI vyAkhyA isakA vikasita rUpa phalita jyotiSakA vaha aMga hai jisameM jAtakakI utpattike nakSatra, caraNa Adike dvArA phala batAyA gayA ho / ( 12 ) rAhu aura ketukI vyavasthA -- isakA vikasita rUpa sUrya evaM candragrahaNa - sambandhI siddhAnta haiM / jaina jyotiSa granthoMmeM ullikhita jyotiSa - maNDala, gaNita - phalita, Adi bhedopabheda viSayaka vaiziSTayoM kA digdarzana mAtra karAnese yaha lekha pustakakA rUpa dhAraNa kara legA, jaisA ki jaina zAstra bhaNDAroMmeM upalabdha 1 candraprapti, pR0204-210 / 477
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha gaNita, phalita, Adi jyotiSa ke granthoMkI nimna saMkSipta tAlikAse saSTa hai| tathA jisake AdhArapara zodha karake jijJAsu svayaM nirNaya kara sakeMge ki jaina vidvAnoMne kisa prakAra bhAratIya jyotiSa zAstrakA sarvAGga sundara nirmANa, poSaNa evaM pariSkAra kiyA hai| gaNita jyotiSake grantha 1 sUryaprajJapti mUla prAkRta, malayagiri vRtti (saMskRta TIkA) 2 candraprajJapti ___, 3 jyotiSakaraNDaka mUla prAkRta, saMskRta TIkA 4 aMgavijjA aura gaNivijjA (prAkRta) 5 maNDala praveza 6 gaNitasAra saMgraha (saMskRta)-mahAvIrAcArya (san 850) 7 gaNitasUtra (saMskRta) 8 vyavahAra gaNita ( kannar3a)-rAjAditya (11 vIM sadI) 6 jaina gaNita sUtra (,)- rAjAditya, yaha viSNuvarddhanake Azrita the / samaya 11 vIM sadI hai / 10 jambUdvIpa prajJapti--amitagati, racanAkAla saM0 1050 11 siddhAnta ziromaNi ?--traivedya muni 12 gaNita zAstra (saMskRta) zrIdharAcArya / 13 sArdhadvIpadvaya prajJapti (saMskRta) 14 lIlAvatI ( kannar3a)-kavirAjakuJjara 15 kSetra gaNita (kannar3a) rAjAditya (11 vIM sadI) 16 vyavahAraratna (kannar3a) 17 lIlAvatI ( apabhraMza) lAlacandra saM0 1736 18 lIlAvatI (saMskRta) lAbhavarddhana 16 gaNita zAstra (saMskRta) zreSThicandra 20 yantrarAja (saMskRta) mahendrasUri saM0 1437 21 gaNitasAra (prAkRta) ThakkurapherU, racanAkAla-saM01375 ke AsapAsa 22 joisasAra ( Thakkurapheru ) saM0 1372 23 jyotiSa maNDala vicAra-tapovijaya kuzalasari saM0 1652 24 jyotiSa sAroddhAra-Anandamuni saM0 1731 25 gaNita sAThasau-mahimodaya 26 paMcAGgAnayanavidhi-mahi0 racanAkAla saM0 1723 27 navagraha gaNita-paJcAGga,gaNita sahita (telagU) 28 gaNita saMgraha-elAcArya 26 chattIsupUrvaprati uttara-pratisaha-mahAvIrAcArya 30 aSTakavarga-siddhasena 31 alaukika gaNita-dehalI ke paMcAyatI mandirake bhaNDArameM hai 32 bhramaNa sAriNI de0 paM0 maM0 33 aNujAtaka 34 paJcAGga vicAra , 35 candrArko paddhatti . 36 jyotiprakAza dillI ke dharmapurA mandira bhaNDAra hai| 37 tithi sAraNI-pArzvacandragacchI bAghajI -muni saM0 1783 38 jyotiSasAra saMgraha-kavi ratnabhAnu-amara granthAlaya tukogaMja indaura / 478
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________________ bhAratIya jyotiSakA poSaka jaina jyotiSa 39 janma patra paddhatti - harSa kIrti ( 17 vIM zatI) 41 janma patra paddhatti - mahimodaya 40 janmapatra paddhatti - labdhicandra (saM0 1751 ) 42 iSTatithi sAraNI - lakSmIcandra (saM0 1760 ) 44 jagacandrikA sAraNI - hIracandra 43 grahAyu sAdhana - puNyatilaka 45 candravedhya prakIrNaka (prAkRta patra saMkhyA 6, zlo0 125 ) 46 candrarajju cakravivaraNa (patra4, zlo0 260 ) 48 yantra ratnAvalI - padmanAga 47 tithyAdi sAriNI ( patra 3) 49 paJcAGga tithi vivaraNa (zloka saMkhyA 190 ) 51 graha dIpikA - ( patra saMkhkA 8) jaisa0 bha0 53 paMcAMga dIpikA 6 55 paJcAMga tatva " " " phalita jyotiSake jainagrantha 57 kevalajJAna horA (saMskRta ) candrasenamuni granthapramANa, 5 hajAra zloka | 58 zrAyajJAna tilaka ( prAkRta ) dAmanandike ziSya bhaThabosari, grantha pramANa 50 patra / 59 candronmIlana prazna (saMskRta) - zlo 4 hajAra 60 bhadrabAhu nimittazAstra,, -- bhadrabAhu, zloka 4 hajAra 61 riTThasamuccaya ( prAkRta ) - durgadeva saM0 2089 gAthA 261 62 ka 63 jyotirjJAnavidhi (saMskRta) zrIdharAcArya, " 50 akSaprabhA - ( patra saMkhyA 7 jesalamera bhaNDAra 52 graharatnAkara koDaka - ( patrasaMkhyA 16),, 54 karaNa zArdUla 56 vakramArgI - ( patra saMkhyA 1 ) " (adhUrA ) 64 uttamasadbhAva prakaraNa,, malliSeNAcArya, san 1050, zloka 196 / 65 kevalajJAnaprazna cUr3AmaNi ( saMskRta ), samantabhadra, patra saMkhyA 18 / 66 jJAnapradIpikA (saMskRta ) -- prakAzita 68 jyotiSasAra (prAkRta) (anu0 paM0 bhagavAnadAsa ) 69 arhatpAsA kevalI ( saMskRta ) bhaTTAraka sakalakIrtI ( patra saMkhyA 6 ) patra saMkhyA 6, zlo0 saMkhyA 280 / 70 akSara prazna kevalI 71 hasta saMjIvana - ( saMskRta ) 73 jyotiSaprakAza (saMskRta ) - hIravijaya 75 svapnamahotsava (saMskRta) 77 pAsAkevalI - ( saMskRta ) - gargamuni 78 sAmudrika zAstra (saMskRta ) -- samudrakavi ( lipikAla saM0 1844, paMcAyatI maMdira dehalI ) 479 67 sAmudrika zAstra - ( saM0 prakA0 ) 13 "1 72 nimitta zAstra - (prAkRta) RSiputra ( prakAzita) 74 svapnavicAra ( prAkRta ) - jinapAlagaNi pra 76 svapnacintAmaNi -- durlabharAja 33
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________________ varNI - zrabhinandana grantha 79 dvAdazagraha praznAvalI ( saMskRta ) 81 sAmudrika bhASA - ( de. paM. maM. ) 83 pratiSThA muhUrtta - (dillI - paMcAyatI mandira) 85 kUpacakra 87 naSTajanmavicAra " "" 79 zanivicAra 90 sauna ( zakuna caupAI ) - devavijaya 91 svapna sahAtikA - jinavallabha muni (13 vIM sadI) 62 svapnapradIpa- varddhamAna sUri 93 jAtaka tilaka ( kannar3a ) zrIdharAcArya 95 lokavijaya yaMtra ( prAkRta 28 gAthA ) 97 zakunazAstra - jinadattasUri (13 vIM sadI) 99 gailizakuna ( kannar3a, mallisena, 35 patra ) 101 jyotiSa saMgraha (saMskRta 20 patra ) 103 sAmudrika lakSaNa - ( saMskRta 20 patra ) 105 svapnadIpaka " " " 107 nimittadIpaka 106 jyotizcakra vicAra ( prAkRta ) 111 zakunAvalI (saMskRta) siddhasena " "3 193 zakunAvalI rAmacandra (saM0 1817 ) 115 sAmudrika lakSaNa (saMskRta ) lakSmIvijaya 117 sAmudrika rAmavijaya 80 sAmudrika saTIka ( dehalI ke paMcAyatI mandirake bhaNDAra meM) 82 zakuna vicAra (bhASA govarddhanadAsa - saM0 1762) 84 strIbhAgya paMcAzikA ( saMskRta, lipikAla 1774) 86 praznajJAnapradIpa ( di. paM. maM. ) 88 candramAvicAra 39 vijayadAna sUri 116 ramalasAra 121 jina saMhitA (saMskRta) ekasandhiI bhaTTAraka 123 arhaccUr3AmaNisAra ( prAkRta ) bhadrabAhu 125 tithi kulaka 94 gargasaMhitA - (saMskRta-prAkRta mizrita) gargamuni 96 zakunadIpikA caupaI (jayavijaya saM0 1660) 98 nakSatra cUr3AmaNi (saMskRta) 100 sAmudrikazAstra saTIka (saMskRta 22 patra ) 102 sugrIvamatazakuna ( kannar3a 30 patra ) 110 hastakANDa pArzvacandra 112 zakuna ratnAvalI,, (varddhamAna) 114 zakunapradIpa (hindI) lakSmIcandra yati (saM0 1760) 116 sAmudrika (saMskRta) ajayarAja 118 ramalazAstra bhojasAgara 120 sAmudrika hindI rAmacandra 122 kAlakasaMhitA, kAlakAcArya 124 cAturmAsika kalaMka 126 meghamAlA patra 18 127 lagnazuddhi (saMskRta) haribhadrasUri (8 vIM zatI) 128 nAracandra jyotiSa - nAracandra (zlo0 200 digambara) 126 Ayaprazna (saMskRta zlo0 60) 930 dvAdazabhAva janmapradIpa - bhadrabAhu ( patra saMkhyA 8) 131 navagraha rAzi vicAra (saMskRta zlo0 166 ) 132 nidhanAdiparIkSA zAstra (saMskRta) patra 3 133 bhavasAgara saMskRta (zloka0 3300 ) 134 yogAyogaprakaraNa (saMskRta) 7 patra 135 dhvajadhUma (saMskRta) 2 patra 136 tauyogAdi 3 patra 480 104 zakuna dIpaka ( saM 0 ) 106 kumArasaMhitA 108 jyotiSapAla 22 "" kumAranandi muni
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________________ bhAratIya jyotiSakA poSaka -jaina jyotiSa 137 jJAnamaMjarI , 2 patra 138 gRhadIpikA ,8patra 126 zatAMkI , 7 patra 140 SaT bhUSaNa , 16 patra 141 mUla vidhAna , 13 patra 142 yoga muhUrta , 5 patra 143 jyotiSa phala darpaNa ,, 144 kharasvara vicAra-khaNDita prati 145 chIMka vicAra-khaDiNta prati 146 zakunAvalI-vasantarAma 130 tAr3apatra 147 sAmudrika tilaka-jagadeva, 800 AryA pramANa 148 svapnasaptatikA vRtti-sarvadevasUri saM0 1287zlo0800 146 svapnASTaka vicAra-saMskRta, 1 patra 150 zvAna zakuna vicAra-khaNDita prati 151 zvAnasaptatI-zlo0 200 152 mAnasAgarI paddhati, saMskRta-mAnasAgara, zlo0 1000 153 joisadAra-prAkRta, harikalaza 154 lagna vicAra 155 meghamAlA-megharAja 156 janma samudra saTIka-naracaNDopAdhyAya 157 maMgala sphuraNa caupaI-hindI, hemAnanda 158 varSa phalAphala jyotiSa-saMskRta, sUracandra 156 sAmudrika tilaka-saMskRta, durlabharAja 160 zakunadIpikA- saMskRta ajJAta 161 dipakAvalI - ,, jayaratna saM0 1662 162 svapnasaptatikAvRtti ,, jinavallabha, TI* jinapAla 163 zakunazAstroddhAra , mANikyasUri 164 aSTAGga nimitta-Une dikajJAna 165 lagnaghaTikA-somavimala 166 mAsa-vRddhi hAni vicAra--nemakuzala 167 jyotiSa lagnasAra--saMskRta, vidyAhema 168 SaTRtu saMkrAnti vicAra--saMskRta kavi khuTayAla 169 hAyana sundara (saMskRta) padmasundara-17 vIM sadI / 170 dinazuddhi dIpikA (prAkRta) ratnazekharasUri, TI0 vizvaprabhA, 15 vIM sadI / 171 praznazataka svopajJa vetAlavRtti (saMskRta) naraya UpAdhyAya 172 praznacaturviMzatikA (saMskRta) naracandropAdhyAya, 13 vIM sadI 173 udaya dIpikA , meghavijaya 174 ramalazAstra -saMskRta 175 yazorAja rAjI--paddhatti (saMskRta) yazazrutasAgara, saM0 1762 176 jyotiSaratnAkara--(saMskRta), mahimodaya 177 vivAhapaTala (saMskRta) abhayakuzala 178 vivAhapaTala (saMskRta) rUpacandra 179 vivAha paTala (saMskRta) hari 180 muhUrta cintAmaNi ThavA (saMskRta) caturvijaya 181 camatkAra cintAmaNi ThavA (saMskRta) jainamatisAra 182 camatkAra cintAmaNi vRtti (saMskRta) abhayakuzala 481
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________________ abhinandana graMtha 183 jinendramAlA (saMskRta) TIkA, kannar3a 185 horAjJAna (saMskRta) gautamasvAmI 187 tapAsAvalI -- hindI, vRndAvana 189 narapiGgala (kannar3a) zubhacandra 191 jyotizzAstra -saMskRta 163 jyotisAra -- saMskRta 195 grahadRSTiphala 197 grahaphala " "" 199 bhuvana dIpaka - saMskRta, padmaprabha 14 vIM sadI 200 bhuvanadIpaka siMha tilakavRtti sahita saM0 1326 201 kharataragacchIya ratnadhIra vRtti saM0 1806 203 praznavyAkaraNa jyotikoMnI 205 svapnavicAra yazaH kIrti 207 sAmudrika phalAphala - saMskRta ( 4 patra ) harSa kIrti " 184 zakunadIpaka (saMskRta) vIrapaMDita 186 tapAsA kevalI - hindI, vinodIlAla 188 akSara kevalI zakuna (saMskRta) ajJAta (patra 10 ) 190 strIjAtakavRtti (saMskRta) nAracandra (400 zlo0 ) 192 joisasAra - prAkRta ( patra saMkhyA 4 khaNDita ) 221 aTTamata-- kannar3a UTThajIva, san 1300 223 jyotiSa sAroddhAra, harSakIrti 17 vIM sadI 225 udayavilAsa -- zrI sUri jinodaya 227 varSa phalAphala - - patrasaMkhyA 12 202 grahavATikA - saMskRta 204 svapnasubhASita - prAkRta 206 svarodaya 208 sAmudrika sAra (saMskRta) 8 patra 206 sAra saMgraha 210 jyotiSaviSaya (kannar3a) 6 tAr3apatra zlo0 12 211 jyotiSasaMgraha - - saMskRta, TIkA (kannar3a) tAr3apatra119 212 jotiSa saMgrahAtmaka (kannar3a) 60 patra 213 jyotiSa saMgraha (saMskRta-kannar3a) 966 patra 214 Arambhasiddhi (saMskRta) udaya prakaraNI 13 vIM sadI 215 Arambhasiddhi TIkA hemahaMsa gaNi saM0 1504 229 kararehA lakkhaNa - prAkRta 231 ramalazAstra -- megha vijaya 216 trailokya prakAza-- saMskRta, hemaprabhasUrI saM0 1305, zlo0 1960 217 nimittadIpaka - saMskRta, jinasena 219 jinendramAlA-saMskRta 164 grahagocara, -,, (patra saMkhyA 351 ) 196 grahapramANamaMjarI -saMskRta 198 grahabalavicAra 482 "" 218 jyotiSapaTala - - mahAvIra 220 jinendramAlA vRtti 222 meghamAlA - hemaprabha sUri 224 varya prabodha -- saMskRta, meghavijaya 226 meghamAlA megharAja saM0 1881 228 zraMgavidyA - prAkRta 230 hastakANDa--pArzvacandra 232 svarodayA - bhASA, cidAnda saM0 1800
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________________ bhAratIya jyotiSakA poSaka jaina jyotiSa 233 dRSTi vicAra--prAkRta, patra saMkhyA 22 234 aMgalakSaNa 235 tithikulaka 236 cAturthaziva kulaka 237 janmakuNDalI vicAra 1 patra 238 jAtakavidhAna (saMskRta) siMhamala. zlo0 1380 239 jAtaka dIpikA (saMskRta) harSavijaya, khaNDita 240 jAtaka paddhatti , patra 8 adhyAya 1 241 dvAdazabhAva phala , 242 lagnazuddhi vicAra , 243 SaSThi samvatsarI-saMskRta,kSemakIrti,zlo0 300 244 janmapatrikAgata kAlAdi-vicAra 245 janma kuNDalikA 246 kuNDakezara--10 patra 247 kAlajJAna-saMskRta 248 kAlazataka-municandrasUri 246 jyautiSa sAriNI-saMskRta, zubhacandra 250 lagna zAstra-hemaprabha sUri 251 lagna parIkSA-udayaprabhadeva sUri 252 lagna kuNDalI vicAra 253 kAmadhenu--16 patra 254 dhISNopacArasAra, patra saMkhyA 2 255 khelavAr3I--prAkRta, mAhUyA gAthA 1367 256 pallIvicAra, patra saMkhyA 4 257 pallI zarada zAnti-vRddhagargamuni (zlo0 20) 258 laghuzakunAvalI 259 zakunaratnAvalI-nagInadAsa (zlo0 1100) 260 zata samvatsarikA-patra 35 261 siddhAjJA-paddhatti 262 akSaracUr3AmaNi-(saMskRta) patra 31 263 sUrya-candra grahaNa vicAra-lidhI bhaMDAra lidhI (ahamadAbAda) 264 sUrya-candra maNDala vicAra-jJAnAnanda bhaNDAra gopIpurA meM 265 praznazataka-jinavallabhasUrI 266 akSara praznottara (saMskRta) patra 5 267 akSaramAlA prazna-(saMskRta) patra 8 zloka 120 268 akSara kaNDilA prazna-apra0 graMtha, patra 4 266 akSaravarga 270 vargATaka praznAvalI 271 RSiputra saMhitA (saMskRta-prAkRta likhita) RSiputra 272 guTTaphalAphala - kannar3a, 5 tAr3apatra, ilo0 124 273 tAjika prabodha-telagU 274 grahaphalAdeza-saMskRta 275 candrAauM --prAkRta, 11patra, gAthA 162 276 janmapradIpa-devasUri 277 jJAna dIpikA-saMskRta, zlo 320 278 gaNitasAra-saMskRta, zrIdharAcArya 279 siddhAnta ziromaNi-ajitasAgara 280 SaTakhaNDa bhUpaddhati--saMskRta, ajitasAgara svAmI 281 kAlajJAna--dharmasAgara 282 jyotirdIpaka-saMskRta, bhadrabAhu 283 vratatithi nirNaya-saMskRta,siMhanandi 284 jyotirbodha--telagU,kavi bhAskara 285 citrahamuge-kannar3a,rAjAditya san 1120 483
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha 286 lIlAvatI, rAjAditya 288 grahadIpikA - saMskRta 260 nUtanaphala 291 UrdhakANDa yA UrvakANDa ( bIjuM ) - devendrasUri ziSya hemaprabhasUri 262 jambUdvIpajIvA - gaNipAda 8 patra 264 praznaratna sAgara - vijayasUri 266 samayavicAra - amarakIrtti 268 jAtaka nirNaya 300 saMvegaraMga zAstra - prAkRta, jinacakra 287 guhasUtra 289 jAtaka phalapradIpa 23 vivAha paTala TIkA - harSakIrttisUri 25 jAtaka dIpikA - harSaratna, samvat 1765 " inake atirikta lagabhaga 100-150 grantha aise bhI tAlikAzroM meM milate haiM jo samAna nAma vAle haiM tathA karttAoM ke nAmoMkA ullekha nahIM haiM / jyotiSasAra, jyotiSa saMgraha, grahadIpikA, janmapatrI - paddhati grahaphala - prazna zataka, Adi nAmoMke saikar3oM grantha haiM ataH vinA granthoMko dekhe unake pRthaktvakA nirNaya zaMkAspada hI rahe gA / 263 dvAdazajanmabhAvaphala - bhadrabAhu 265 maJjarImakaranda - bhaTTakalyANaka 267 daivajJavilAsa - lakSmaNasUri 266 jAtaka yogArNava 301 caraNakANDaka - durgadeva saM0 1086 jainetara jyotiSa granthoMpara jainAcAryoMkI TIkAeM 1 gaNita tilaka vRtti - siMha tilakasUri, saM0 122 3 karNakutUhala - sumatiharSa, saM0 1678 5 tAjikasAra TIkA - samvat 1677 7 laghujAtaka vArttika - matisAgara, samvat 1605 9 jAtaka paddhatti vRtti - jinezvarasUri 11 mahAdevI sAraNI vRtti - ghanarAja, samvat 1692 13 jyotirvidAbharaNa - bhAvaprabhasUri, samvat 1768 15 candrArkau vRtti - kRpAvijaya 14 SaTpaMcAzikA bAlAvabodha mahimodaya 16 bhuvana dIpakAvali - lakSmIdivya, samvat 1767 17 muhUrta cintAmaNi ThavA - caturavijaya 18 camatkAra cintAmaNi ThavA - matisAgara, samvat 1827 19 camatkAra cintAmaNi vRtti - abhayakuzalasUri 20 vasantarAja zakuna TIkA - bhAnucandra gaNi 22 vivAha paTalabodha -- amaravANI 21 strIjAtaka vRtti -nAracandra 24 vivAha paTala artha - vidyA hema, samvat 1837 484 2 grahalAghava vArttika - yazasvatasAgara saM0 1678 4 horAmakaranda vRtti - sumatiharSa 6 laghujAtaka TIkA - bhaktilAbha, samvat 1571 8 laghujAtaka ThavA - laghuzyAmasundara 10 jAtaka paddhattidIpikA - sumatiharSa, samvat 1673. 12 grahalAghava TipaNa - rAjasoma
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________________ bhAratIya gaNitake itihAsake jaina-srota zrI DA. avadhezanArAyaNa siMha, ema0 esasI0, DI0 essI0, Adi vartamAnameM upalabdha saMskRta grantha bhAratIya jyautiSa tathA gaNita zAstrakI saphalatAoMkA spaSTa saMketa karate haiM ataeva IsAkI pAMcavI zatIse lekara Aja takake vikAsakA itihAsa bhI ina parase likhA jA sakatA hai| kintu IsAkI 5 vIM zatIse pahile likhA gayA koI bhI saMskRta grantha aba taka dekhanemeM nahIM zrAyA hai| 5 vIM zatIke pahile jo gaNita athavA jyotiSa grantha the ve chaThI zatI tathA bAdakI zatiyoMmeM navIkRta hokara punaH likhe gaye the / 626 I0meM likhe gaye brahmasphuTa siddhAntameM aise aneka jyotiSa granthoMkA ullekha hai jo pariSkRta ho kara punaH likhe gaye the| ataH 5 vIM zatIke pahile jyotiSa tathA gaNita zAstroMkI avasthA batAnevAle koI bhI pramANa saMskRta granthoM meM nahIM haiN| yaha vaha samaya thA jaba saMbhavataH AryabhaTa aura unake pUrvavartI pATaliputrIya vidvAnoMke prabhAvase bhAratameM aMkoMke 'sthAna mUlya' kA siddhAnta pracalita huA hogaa| abhI kucha samaya pahile maiM jaina sAhitya meM aisI sAmagrIko pA sakA hUM jo 'sthAnamUlya' ke siddhAntake pahileke arthAt IsAkI 5 vIM zatIse pUrvake bhAratIya gaNita aura jyautiSake itihAsake sambandhameM mahattvapUrNa sUcanAeM detI hai / jina ullekhoMkA maiM yahAM vivecana karUMgA vai zrAcArya zrI bhUtabali--puSpadanta dvArA viracita SaTkhaNDAgama sUtroMkI "dhavalA" TIkAmeM pAye jAte haiM / jisakA kucha varSa pahile suprasiddha jaina paMDita hIrAlAlajIne sampAdana kiyA hai| dhavalATIkAmeM sAdhAraNatayA vividha prAkRta granthoMke uddharaNa haiN| ye uddharaNa aise granthoMse haiM jinakA paThana pAThana vaidika vidvAnoMne chor3a diyA thA kintu jaina vidvAna 10 vIM zatI taka inakA upayoga karate rahe the / 5 vIM zatImeM prAkRta sAhityika bhASA na rahI thI aura na isameM usake bAda koI mahattvapUrNa grantha hI likhA gayA hai| ataH mujhe pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki jaina granthoM meM prApta uddharaNa una granthoM ke haiM jo IsAkI 5 vIM zatIke pUrva hI likhe gaye the| ....... san 1912 meM zrI raMgAcArya dvArA 'gaNitasAra saMgraha' ke prakAzanake bAdase gaNitajJoMko sandeha hone lagA hai ki prAcIna bhAratameM eka aisA bhI gaNitajJoMkA varga thA jisameM pUrNa rUpase jaina vidvAnoMkA hI prAdhAnya thA / kalakattA gaNita-pariSad-(kalakattA maithamaiTikala sosAiTI) ke vivaraNake 21 3 bhAgameM 485
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha zrI bI0 dattakA "jaina gaNitajJa varga" zIrSaka nibandha prakAzita huA hai jisameM vidvAna lekhakane gaNita tathA gaNita granthoM ke viSayakI tAlikAeM dI haiM / phalataH jijJAsuoMke lie yaha nibandha paThanIya hai / yaha hamArA durbhAgya hai ki hama upari-ullikhita 'gaNitasAra saMgraha' ke atirikta anya jaina jyautiSa athavA gaNita granthoMkA aba taka patA nahIM lagA sake haiN| aise grantha haiM yA nahIM yaha bhI bAja nahIM kahA jA sakatA, phalataH jaina gaNita viSayaka samasta ullekhoMko hama unake siddhAnta granthoMse hI saMkalita karate haiM / isa prakAra prApta uddharaNa bhI bahuta kama haiN| inakA bhI apekSAkRta vistRta varNana mujhe sabase pahile dhavalATIkA meM hI dekhaneko milA hai| ____dhavalA TIkA hameM nimna sUcanAeM detI hai-1--'sthAna mUlya' kA upayoga, 2-ghAtAMkoM ( Indices ) ke niyama, 3-ladhu gaNakoM ( Logarithms ) ke siddhAnta, 4,-bhinnoMke vizeSa upayogake niyama tathA 5-jyAmiti aura kSetramitimeM upayukta prakAra / kSetraphala aura Ayatanako surakSita rakhane vAle 'rUpAntara' siddhAntakA bhI jainAcAryoMne upayoga kiyA hai| kSetramitimeM isakA unhoMne paryApta prayoga kiyA hai| dhavalAmeM pAI (ga)kA 355/113 mUlya milatA hai| isako pAIkA 'cInImAna' kahA jAtA hai kintu merA vizvAsa hai ki katipaya logoMne isa mAnaka inakA cInameM pracalana honese pahile bhI jAnA thA tathA prayoga kiyA thaa| aMkagaNita 'sthAnamAna' siddhAnta-jaina siddhAnta tathA sAhitya meM hama bar3I saMkhyAaoMkA prayoga pAte haiN| ina saMkhyAoMko zabdoMmeM vyakta kiyA gayA hai| dhavalA TIkAmeM Agata uddharaNa aisI saMkhyAoMko aMkoM dvArA vyakta karanekI kaThinAIkA ullekha karate haiM phalataH unheM vyakta karaneke katipaya upAya nimnaprakAra haiM: (ka) 79999998 ko 'vaha saMkhyA jisake prArambhameM 7, madhyameM chaha bAra 6 tathA antameM 8' kaha kara vyakta kiyA hai|' (kha) 46666664 ko 'cauMsaTha, chahasau, chayAsaTha hajAra, chayAsaTha lAkha tathA cAra karor3a likhA hai / (ga) 22796498 ko do karor3a,sattAisa, ninyAnave hajAra cAra tathA aMThAnave kahA hai'| zrIdhavalAke tRtIya bhAga pR0 68 para - sattAdI aTuMtA charaNava majjhA ya saMjadA svve| tiga bhajidA viguNidA pamatta rAso pamattA du // 1, dhavalA, bhA0 3, pR098 para jIvakANDa (gommaTasAra )kI 51 vIM gAthA (pR0633) uddhata hai| ' 2, vahI, pR0 99,gA0 52 / 3, , 100,,53 / 486
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________________ bhAratIya gaNita ke itihAsa ke jaina srota yaha mUla gAthA milatI hai jo ki prathama prakArakA udAharaNa hai tathA pAThakoMke vicAra karanemeM vizeSa sAdhaka hogii| yaha gAthA batalAtI hai ki lekhaka vidvAna hI aMkoM ke 'sthAnamAna' ko bhalI bhA~ti nahIM jAnate the apitu isa samaya ke pAThakoMne bhI ise samajha liyA thA / yadyapi isa gAthA ke mUla lekhakakA zra taka patA nahIM laga sakA hai tathApi merA vizvAsa hai ki yaha IsAkI prArambhika zatImeM kisI jainAcArya ne hI likhI hogI / ye AcArya nizcayase IsAkI 5 vIM zatIse pahile hue hoMge / jaina granthoM meM sulabha ukta prakArake uddharaNa prAcIna bhArata meM pracalita 'sthAnamAna' siddhAnta ke mahattvapUrNa aise pramANa haiM jo anya vaidika, Adi granthoM meM nahIM pAye jAte haiM / ghAtAMka - aMkoM ke 'sthAnamAna' ke prayogameM Ane se pahile bar3I saMkhyAoM ko vyakta karaneke lie vividha prakAroMkA aviSkAra kiyA gayA thA / yataH jaina vAGgamaya meM bahuta lambI lambI saMkhyAoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai ataH inheM vyakta karaneke lie ghAtAMka niyamAnusArI prakAra apanAye gaye the / (1) varga, (2) ghana, (3) uttarottara varga, (4) uttarottara ghana, (5) saMkhyAko svayaM-ghAta ( Power ) banAnA isa prakriyAmeM pradhAna dRSTiyAM thiiN| ve 'mUloM' kA bhI prayoga karate ye vizeSakara (1) vargamUla, (2) ghanamUla, (3) uttarottara vargamUla, (4) uttarotara ghanamUla AdikA / inake atirikta ghAtoMko ve upari likhita prakAroM dvArA hI vyakta karate the / udAharaNArtha uttarottara varga tathA vargamUlako likhanekA prakAra nimna thA-- a kA prathama varga (a) = zra2 a a isa prakAra a kA a dr " kA dvitIya varga : kA tRtIya varga ... na sthAnIya varga kA prathama vargamUla dvitIya tRtIya " " na sthAnIya, = = = : // = = (ara, 2 487 2 = a4 = ara 1/2 a 1/2 a 1/2 zra na 1/2 zra a na a 2
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha saMkhyAko svayaM apanA hI ghAta banAnekI prakriyAkI "vargitasaMvagita" saMjJA thI tathA kisI saMkhyAkA uttarottara vargita-saMvargita nimna prakArase likhA jAtA thA a kA prathama vargita-saMvargita= . , dvitIya = (a) " tRtIya tRtIya , = isI prakAra kisI bhI ghAta taka le jAyA jAtA thaa| vargita-saMvargitakI prakiyAse bahuta bar3I saMkhyAeM banatI haiM / yathA 2 kA vargita saMvagita(256)256 hai| yaha saMkhyA vizvameM upalabdha vidyutkaNoMkI saMkhyAse bhI bar3I hai| jainoMko nimna likhita ghAtAMka-niyama jJAta the tathA ve inakA upayoga bhI karate the| ma na ma+na (ka) a4 a =a ma-na (kha) + a = a ma) na mana (ga) (a =a ina niyamoMke prayorgoMke udAharaNoMkI bharamAra hai| eka rocaka udAharaNa nimna prakAra haiM / 2 ke sAtaveM vargameM 2 ke chaThe vargakA bhAga dene para 2 kA chaThA varga zeSa rahatA hai / arthAt 2 2 2 22% 2 laghugaNana-zrI dhavalAmeM nimna padoMkI paribhASAeM dI haiM(ka) kisI bhI saMkhyAke 'arddhaccheda' utane hote haiM jitanI bAra vaha AdhI kI jA sake / isa prakAra :ma ke ardhaccheda = ma hogA / arddhacchedakA saMketa rUpa 'acha' mAna kara hama vartamAna gaNana prathAnusAra kaha sakate haiM kSa ke aca athavA acha (kSa)=lagakSa, jisameM laghugaNaka 2 ke AdhArase hai| (kha) saMkhyA vizeSake ardhacchedake ardhaccheda barAbara usakI 'vargazalAkA' hotI hai / arthAt kSa kI vargazalAkA = vaza (da) = aca {aca (kSa) = laga laga kSa, jisameM laghugaNaka rahai ke zrAdhAra se / 488
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________________ bhAratIya gaNitake itihAsake jaina-strota (ga) koI saMkhyA jitanI bAra 3 se vibhakta kI jA sake usake utane hI tRkaccheda hote haiN| phalataH kSa ke tRccheda =tRca (kSa) = laga 3 yahAM laghugaNaka 3 ke AdhArase hai| (gha) kisI saMkhyAke caturthaccheda utane hote haiM jitanI bAra usameM 4 se bhAga diyA jA sake / kSa ke caturthaccheda = laga (kSa) jisameM laghugaNakakA AdhAra 4 hogaa| Ajakala gaNitajJa e athavA 10ke AdhArase bhI laghugaNakakA prayoga karate haiN| Uparake dRSTAntoMse spaSTa hai ki jainI 2,3 tathA 4 ke AdhAra taka saMbhavataH laghugaNakakA prayoga karate the kintu isakA vyApaka prayoga unhoMne nahIM kiyA hai / dhavalAmeM isa bAta ke nizcita pramANa haiM ki jainoMko adho likhita laghugaNaka niyama bhalIbhAMti jJAta the (1) laga (ma/na)= laga ma-laga na / (2) laga (mana)= laga ma+ laga na / (3) laga (ma)=ma, yahAM laghugaNakakA adhAra 2 hai / (4) laga (kSa)= 2 kSa laga kSa / (5) laga laga (6)laga kSa+1+laga laga kSa / kyoM ki vAmAMka= raga (2 kSa laga kSa) =laga kSa+jaga +laga laga kSa =laga kSa+1+laga laga kSa / (2 ke AdhArase hue laga 2 ke samAna yahAM 1 hai|) (6) laga (kSa) kSa = da laga kSa (7)mAnA '' eka saMkhyA hai| taba zra akA prathama vargitasaM = a =ba (mAna lIjiye ) ,, dvitIya ,, =ba =ma( , ) , tRtIya , = ya =da ( , ) dhavalA meM nimna niSkarSa milate hai(ka) laga ba =alaga a ___ 489
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha (kha) laga laga ba= laga a + laga laga a (ga) laga ya = balaga ba (gha) laga laga ya = laga ba+jaga laga ba = laga a+laga laga + laga a / (ca) laga da= 4 laga ya (cha) laga laga da = laga ya+laga laga ya, tathA Age / ( 8 ) ' laga laga da ba / isakI viSamatA Age bhI viSamatAko utpanna karatI hai - ba laga ba+laga ba+laga laga ba bara / saMskRta gaNita granthoM meM isa prakArake laghugaNaka niyama nahIM milate haiM / merI dRSTi se yaha sarvathA jainiyoMkA aviSkAra thA aura unhoMne isakA prayoga bhI kiyA thaa| isakI sAriNI banAnekA koI prayatna nahIM kiyA gayA thaa| isIlie yaha pariSkRta vicAra bhI na siddhAnta rUpase vikasita huA aura na aMkoM gaNa meM sahAyaka ho sakA / saca to yaha hai ki utane prAcIna yugameM gaNita laghugaNakake prayoga yogya vikasita nahIM thA / ataH usa yuga meM bhI ina niyamoM kA prayoga hI adhika AzcaryakArI hai / bhinna - jaba 'sthAnamAna' kA prayoga nahIM hotA thA taba bhajana yA bhAga kaThina thA / yadyapi bhinna sambandhI aMkagaNitIya mUla kriyAeM jJAta thIM tathApi gaNanA meM unakA prayoga karanA sarala na thA / usa samaya ke aMkagaNitajJa isake lie vividha prakAroMkI zaraNa lete the, tathA inase bahuta samaya bAda mukti milI thI | sthAnamAna ke prayogake pahile prayogameM zrAye katipaya prakAroMko nIce diyA jAtA hai / ye saba bhI ghabalA TIkAse haiM (8) na = na+ na+ (na/pa) (2) ma saMkhyA meM da tathA dA bhAja hoMse bhAga dIjiye tathA kha aura khA ko bhajanaphala ( yA bhinna) Ane dIjiye; jaisA ki zrAge gurUse ma ko da + dA ke dvArA bhAga denevara aye phala se spaSTa hai kha 1+ (kha-khA) ma kha da+dA (khA/kha) + 1 (3) yadi (4) yadi ma da a na 1+1 =kha aura - athavA ba a = kha, taba ba+ba 3 mA = khA, tatra da ( kha - khA ) + mA = ma da = kha 490 kha na+1
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________________ tathA zra -4-4 = kha+ ba-ba na tathA (5) yadi - kha taba zra ba-sa (6) yadi -- bA = ba aura yadi ca = (7) yadi a a 16 ba bA (8) yadi a (9) yadi - a ba (10) yadi ca = kha = kha+ ba sa kha-sa kha (11) yadi ba a ba bA a ba =kha, aura +1 kSa = kha ba 1 tathA -1 sa (bA-ba) bA 7 a ba = kha, tathA ba kha na-1 = kha, aura basa kha+sa a ba+sa a khA = kha zra = kha -- sa, tatra bA= ba+ bA khA=kha+ = kha+sa, taba kha tathA dUsarI bhinna ho to bA zra ba+kSa zra ba - da = kha, tathA -kha kha sa ba+sa =kha tathA a ba.sa kha sa ba-sa kha = kha+ zra ba-sa kha +3 ba a = khA, to ba+sa -1 = kha- kha to = kha+sa, to 491 = khA, to ; kha ba bhAratIya gaNita ke itihAsake jaina srota sa- 1
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jyAmiti evaM kSetramiti bhAratIyoMko samAnAntara caturbhuja, samalamba, cakrIya, caturbhuja, tribhuja, vRtta tathA trijyakhaNDa ke kSetraphala nikAlaneke guru jJAta the / isake atirikta samAnAntara SaDphalaka samatala, zrAdhArayukta zUcI stambha, velana, takhA zaMkuke zrAyatana nikAlaneke gurU bhI unase chipe na the| kintu vaidika grantho meM isa bAtakA koI abhAsa bhI nahIM milatA ki ye guru kisa prakAra phalita hue the| kintu dhavalAmeM chinna-zaMkukA Ayatana nikAlanekI sarvAGga prakriyA taka milatI hai| yaha varNana spaSTa batAtA hai ki jyAmitike adhyayanakI bhAratIya prathA grIka prathAse sarvathA bhinna thii| ukta dRSTAntameM kisI kSetraphala yA Ayatanako saralatara kSetraphala athavA pAyatanameM, kSetraphala yA Ayatanako vinA badale hI vikRta karanekA siddhAnta nihita hai| yataH vartamAnameM vaidika tathA jaina granthoM meM upalabdha kSetramitike guruoMkI upapattikA punarnirmANa zakya hai / ataH yahAM para hama katipaya upapattiyoMkA punarnirmANa kareMge bhI, kintu aisA karaneke pahile dhavalA ke mUla uddharaNa tathA usake anuvAdako dekha lenA anivArya hai lokakA Ayatana nikAlanekA prazna hai| jaina mAnyAtAnusAra loka nIce Upara rakhe gaye tIna chinna-zaMkutroMke AkArakA hai ( dekheM AkRti1) / vividha parimANa AkRtimeM dikhAye gaye haiN| dhavalAmeM loka ke AyatanakI gaNanA kI gayI hai| nIce likhe niSkarSa adholoka (AkRti 2) ke chinna-zaMku ( Frustum) kA Ayatana nikAlane meM sahAyaka haiN| AdhArakA vyAsa = 7 (rAju) mukha (zikhara) kA vyAsa=1,, utSedha = 7 , / dhavalA TIkA nimna prakAra hai'mukhameM (Upara) tiryaka rUpase gola tathA AkAzake eka pradeza bAhulyayukta isa sUcIkI paridhi 357 hotI hai / isa (paridhi) ke Adheko viSkambha ( eka rAju ) ke Adhese guNA karanepara 492
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________________ bhAratIya jyotiSake itihAsake jaina-srota 355/452 AtA hai / aba hameM lokake adhobhAgakA aAyatana nikAlanA hai ataH kSetraphala ( 355/452) meM sAta rAjakA guNA karanepara vaha 5225 hogA (zrAkati 2 1 punaH caudaha rAju lambe lokakSetra meM se sUcIko nikAlakara madhya lokake pAsa usake do bhAga kara deN| unameM se nIce ke bhAgako lekara Uparase (citta ) pasArane para vaha kSetra sUpAke AkArakA hotA hai| isa sUrpAkAra kSetrakA UparakA vistAra (lambAI ) 353 pramANa hai / tathA talako lambAI 21513 hai / ise sAta rAju lambe mukha-vistAra dvArA nIcekI ora kATanepara do tribhuja tathA eka Ayata caturasrAkAra kSetra bana jAte haiN| ___ ina tIna kSetroM meM se bIcake Ayata caturasra kSetrakA Ayatana nikAlate haiN| isakI UMcAI sAta rAju hai / lambAI 354 hai| mukhameM bAhulya AkAzake eka pradeza pramANa tathA tale (nIce) tIna rAju pramANa hai, phalataH mukha vistArako sAta rAju tathA tala vistArake zrAdhe (Der3he rAju) se guNA karanepara madhyama bhAgakA Ayanata 32333 hogaa| "aba zeSa do trikoNa kSetra sAta rAju UMce, eka rAjuke ekasau teraha bhAgoMmeM ar3atAlIsa yukta nau rAju ( 9657) bhujA ( aAdhAra ) yukta haiM / bhujA aura koTikA parimANa karNa ke anupAtase hai / ...... 1 "edassa muhatiriya vaTTassa egAgAsa padesa bAhalassa pario ettio chodi 354(313) imamadveNavikkhabhaddha Na guNide ettiyaM hodi 351 (355) / adhologa bhAga micchAmo tti sattahi rajjUhiM guNide khAyaphalamettiyaM hodi 5435 (5335) / (pR0 12) 2 'puNo NissaI khetta coisa rajju Ayada do khaMDAgi kariya tattha hechima khaMDaM ghettRNa uDDhaM pATiya pasAride suppakhetta hoUga cedi / tassa muhavitthAro ettio hodi 311 (355) / talavitthAro aitio hodi 22157 (21113) / eratha muhavitthAreNa sattarajju apAmaNe chiMdide do trikoNa khettAni eyamAyada caturassa khettaM ca hoi|" (pR0 12-13) 3 'tastha tAva majjhimakhettaphala mANijjade / edassa usseho satta rjjuuo| vivakhabho puNa ettio hodi 31 (357) / muhammi egAgAsapadesa bAhalaM talammi tiNNi rajju bAhallo tti sattahi rajjUhi muhavitthAra guNiya tala bAhalladdhaNa guNide majjhima khettaphalamettiyaM hodi 3433 (32323) / " (pR0 13)
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha donoMke karNoM ko bIcameM kATakara donoM dizAoM meM sIdhI UrdhvAkAra rekhAeM khIMcane para tIna, tIna kSetra bana jAte haiM / ( AkRti 3) / " "inameM se do catuSphalakomeM pratyekakI UMcAI ( ha da tathA hA dA / sADhe tIna rAju hai, lambAI (pha ba tathA phA bA ) eka rAjuke do sau chabbIsa bhAgomeM se eka sau ikasaTha yukta cAra rAju ( 4 333 ) hai, dakSiNa ( bA dA) tathA vAna (ba da ) dizAmeM moTAI tIna rAju hai, dakSiNa tathA vAma ora hI Upara tathA nIce kramazaH Der3ha rAju hai aura zeSa do konoMmeM AkAzake eka pradeza bhara (zUnyavat ) hai tathA anyatra kramase ghaTatI bar3hatI hai / ( ataeva yaha saba ) nikala Ane para jaba eka catuSphalaka kSetrako dUsare para palaTa kara rakha dete haiM to sarvatra tIna rAju moTAIyukta kSetra ho jAtA hai| (zrAkRti 4 ) isakI lambAImeM UMcAI tathA moTAIkA guNA karane para 49 455 kSetraphala aAtA hai|" ____ avazeSa cAra caturasra kSetroMkI UMcAI sAr3he tIna rAju hai, unakI bhujAoMkI lambAI yojanake do sau chabbIsa bhAgoM meM se eka sau ikasaTha adhika cAra rAju (4 163) pramANa hai / inake kau~ko 1 'saMpahiM sesa do khettANi sattarajju avalaMbayANi terasuttarasadeNa eka rajju khaDiya tattha aThaitAlIsa khaMDa mAhiya Navarajju bhujANi bhujakoDi pAogga kaNNAgi kaNNabhUmIe Alihiya dosu vi disAsu majjhammi phAlide tiSNi tiSNi khettANi hotti|' (pR. 13-14) 2 'tattha do khettANi addha TharajjuratehANi chabbIsuttara-vesadehi egarajju khaMDiya tattha egaTThikhaMDa bhAhiya khaMDa sde|| sAdireya cattAri rajju vikkhaMbhANi dakSiNa-vAmaheTThimakoNe tiSiNi rajju vAhallANi, davikhaNa-vAma koNesu jahAko umarima heTriTamesu divaDDharajju gahallAgi, avasesadokoNe egAgAsabAhallANi, apNattha kama-vaDhigada bAhallANi ghettA tattha egakhettussuvari vidiyakhette vivajjAsaM kAUga TaviMde samvattha tiNi rajju bAhallakhettaM hoi / edassa vitthAra mussehe guNiya veheNa gugide khAyaphala mettiyaM hoI 49217 / ' (pR014 ) 494
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________________ bhAratIya gaNitake itihAsake jaina-srota lekara donoM (tala para tathA UparakI ora ) dizAoM meM ThIka bIcase kATane para cAra Ayatacaturasra tathA ATha tribhuja kSetra hote haiN|' inameMse cAroM aAyata caturasra kSetroMkA ghanaphala pUrvokta (aise hI) do aAyata caturasroMke ghanaphalakA eka cauthAI hotA hai| cAroM kSetroMmeM ( do do ko palaTa kara moTAIke avirodhase eka sAtha rakhane para (sabakI) moTAI tIna rAju hotI hai ( tathA ) pUrvokta kSetroMkI lambAI tathA UMcAIkI apekSA inakI lambAI UMcAI aAdhI hI pAyI jAtI hai| cAroM kSetroM kI milAkara bhI moTAI kisa kAraNase tIna rAju mAtra hotI hai ? prakRta kSetroMkI moTAI pUrvokta kSetroMkI apekSA AdhI mAtra honese tathA inakI UcAI bhI pUrvokta kSetroMse AdhI mAtra dikhanese / 2 aba zeSa aATha trikoNa kSetroMko pUrvavat khaMDita karane para pUrvokta trikoNoMse AdhI moTAI, I tathA lambAIke solaha trikoNa kSetra hote haiM / inako nikAla kara ( zeSa) ATha aAyata caturasroMkA kSetraphala abhI kahe gaye ( aAyatoMke ) phalase eka cauthAI mAtra AtA hai| isa prakAra solaha, battIsa, cauMsaTha, zrAdi kramase taba taka Ayata caturasra kSetra banate jAyage jaba taka ki avibhAga praticcheda ( pradeza ) avasthA nahIM Aya gii| tathA isameM pUrvavartI zrAyata caturasroM ke kSetraphalase uttaravartI (dviguNita) aAyata caturasroMkA phala eka cauthAI hI ho gaa| isa prakArase utpanna niHzeSa kSetroMke phaloMko jor3anekI prakriyA kahate haiN| vaha isa prakAra hai 1 'avasesa cattAri khettANi addha TharajjurasehANi chabbIssuttara vesadehi egarajju khaDiya tattha egaThiMsada khaDehi sAdireya cattArirajju (4161)bhujANikaNNakhette Alihiya dosu vi pAsesu maJjhammi chiSNetu cattAri Ayada cauraMsa khettANi aThTha trikoNa khettANi ca hoti / ' (pR0 14-15) 2 'ettha caduha mAyada cauraMsa khettANaM phalaM pubbila do khetta phalassa caubhAgametta hodi / cadusu vi khettesu vAhallAviroheNa egar3ha kadesu tiSNi rajju vAhallaM pubilla khetta viksaMbhAyAmehiM to addhametta vikkhabhAyAmapamANa khetuvlbhaado| kimarcha caduNhaM pi milidANaM tiSNi rajju vAhallata ? punbila khetta vAhallAdo saMpahiya khettANa maddhamatta vAhallaM hodUNa tadussehaM pekkhidUNa addhamettusseha desNnnaado|" (pR015) 3 'saMpahi sesa aThTha khetANi puvvaM va khaMDiya tattha solasa tikoNa khettANi aNaMtarApIdakhattANa mussehAdo vikkhabhAdo vAhallAdo ca addhamettANi avaNiya aNhamAyada cauraMsa khettANaM phala magaMtarAikkata cadukhetta phalassa caubhAga metta hodi / ' (pR. 15) 4 evaM solasa-vattIsa-causaThi Adi kameNa Ayada cauraMsa khettANi pubilla khettaphalAdo caubhAgametta phalANi hodUNa gacchati jAva avibhAgapalicchedaM pattaM ti / " (pR0 15-16) 495
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha sabhI kSetroMkA ghanaphala catuguNita kramase nizcita AtA hai ( aisA mAnakara ) sabase aMtima ghanaphala ko cArase guNA karane tathA eka kama utane ( tIna ) se hI bhAga dene para 65 16 ( 6511 ) AtA hai / (taH) adholokake samasta kSetroM kA ghanaphala 106 (104225 ) hotA hai / 2 gaNitazAstra ke itihAsakI dRSTise adholokake isa vivaraNa meM nimna tathya bar3e mahatva ke haiM (1) koI bhI vakra sImAoM se yukta kSetra sIdhI sImAyukta kSetroM meM aise DhaMga se vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kSetraphala para koI bhI prabhAva na pdd'e| vizeSakara yadi antaHzUnya ( polA ) zaMkvAkAra ( AkRti 2 ) ko sIdhI sImA yukta ( zrAkRti 3) meM parivartita kiyA jAya to phalameM koI parivartana nahIM hotA hai / (2) spaSTa pradarzana athavA siddhike lie AkRti nirmANakA siddhAnta satya mAnA gayA thA / aba sada tathA AbA sA dA ( AkRti 3 ) catuSphalakoM ke ghanaphala nikAlane meM isa siddhAntakA vizeSa rUpase prayoga huA hai / a (3) jyAmitikI zreNiyoMmeM sa= r<| 1 - ra na + sa = a+ara+ara+-+... ara (4) " kA mUlya = = 77 kSetramiti ke guruoM kI sAdhaka racanA Uparake nidarzanoMmeM upayukta zrAkRti parivartana tathA racanA ke siddhAntoMkA bhAratIya kSetramiti meM pracalita tathA upayukta nimna guruzroMke nikAlane meM upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai| kSetraphala - 1 - paribhASA - lambAI meM caur3AIkA guNA karanepara AAyatakA kSetraphala AtA hai / 2- aAdhArakI lambAI meM UMcAIkA guNA karanepara samAnAntara caturbhujakA kSetraphala a. tA hai / ( zrAkRti saM. 5 ) da kA gurU svayaMsiddha mAna liyA gayA thA / svIkAra kara liyA gayA thA / sa sa prakRti 5 prakRti 6 dANitti 1 evamupaNNAsesa khettaphala melAvaNa vihANaM vuccade / taM jahA samma khettaphalANi cauguNa kameNa avaTThikAdUNa tattha aMtima khettaphalaM cauhiM guNiya rUvUNaM kAUga tiguNida cheddeNa otradei ettiyaM hoI 651336 (65) / adhologasya savvakhetta phala samAso 106 366 (104363) / " ( pR0 16 ) 496
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________________ bhAratIya gaNitake itihAsake jaina-srota racanA -- ( zrAkRti 6 meM) sada para bapha lamba DAlane se bane ba sa pha bhAgako kATakara dUsarI tarapha e da rUpa se jor3a dIjiye isa prakAra banI zrAkRti zrAyata hogI aura prameya nikala zrAyagA / zrAkRti parivartanakA prathama niyama- samAnAntara caturbhujakI eka bhujAko apanI hI sIdha meM calAne se usakA kSetraphala tadavastha rahatA hai / yathA aba sadameM sa da bhujAko apanI hI sIdha meM bar3hAte hue epha rUpameM le Aye haiM aura isa prakAra banA Ayata (e a va pha) kSetraphala meM a ba sa da ke samAna hai / 3 - AdhArakI AdhI lambAI meM UMcAIkA guNA karanese tribhujakA kSetraphala AtA hai / yaha niSkarSa satya hai kyoM ki usI AdhAra para bane utanI hI UMcAI ke samAnAntara caturbhujase tribhuja AdhA hotA hai / zrAkRti parivartanakA dvitIya niyama - yadi tribhujakA zIrSa AdhArake samAnAntara haTAyA jAya to tribhujakA kSetraphala tadavastha hI rahatA yathA zrAkRti 7 hai / ( zrAkRti 7 ) 4 - AdhArakI zrAdhI lambAI meM pakSa ( phalaka Face ) ko jor3akara UMcAI se guNA karane para samalambakA kSetraphala AtA; yathA zrAkRti 8 hai / da ( zrAkRti 8 ) isa prAkRtikI racanA se pariNAma nikalatA hai ki zrAkRti parivartanakA siddhAnta samalambake lie bhI kAma A sakatA hai / arthAt samalambakI eka samAnAntara bhujAko apanI sIdhameM bar3hAnese samalambake kSetra para koI prabhAva nahI par3atA hai / 63 497
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha 5-vRttake trijya-khaNDakA kSetraphala prAdhe cApa tathA trijyake guNanaphalake barAbara hotA hai / (zrAkRtiha) (AkRti 10) racanA-a ba sa trijyakhaMDako ( A. 9) aneka ( saMbhavataH samAna ) choTe trijya khaMDoMmeM bAMTo aura inake cApa itane choTe hoM ki unheM sIdhI rekhAse bhinna samajhanA bhI kaThina ho / isa prakAra trijyakhaMDa aneka tribhujoMmeM vibhakta ho jAtA hai| aba ina tribhujoMko basa AdhAra para isa taraha rakho ki unake AdhAra eka dUsarese saTe raheM (A. 10) aura unake zIrSoM ko isa prakAra calAyo ki ve a bindupara A mileM / isa prakAra trijyakhaNDakA kSetraphala aba sa tribhujake barAbara hI AtA hai| aura basa aAdhArakI lambAI cApa tathA UMcAI trijyakhaNDake trijyake samAna hotI hai| vikRtikA tRtIya niyama-yadi vRttake tRjyakhaNDako aise tribhujameM parivartita kiyA jAya jisake aAdhAra aura UMcAI trijyakhaNDake cApa tathA trijyake barAbara hoM to kSetraphala tadavastha hI rahatA hai| koNake dvibhAjakako kendra para sthita rakhake tathA vRttAkAra cApako sIdhA karake yaha zrAkRti parivartana kiyA jAtA hai| 6-paridhikI AdhI lambAIko trijyase guNA karanepara vRttakA kSetraphala pAtA hai| racanA-trijyake sahAre (trijya parase ) vRttako kATakara ise trikoNa rUpase phailA dIjiye to vRttakA kSetraphala isa trikoNa ke samAna ho gaa| kyoMki aAdhAra paridhike aura UMcAI trijyake barAbara honese ukta phala svayaM siddha hai| (bloma) upasiddhAnta--a tathA ba trijyAyukta do samakendraka vattoM tathA donoM trijyoMse
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________________ bhAratIya gaNitake itihAsake jaina-srota sImita kSetrakA kSetraphala usa samavalamba ke barAbara hotA hai jisakI samAnAntarabhujAeM donoM vRttoMke cApake barAbara hotI haiM tathA UMcAI donoM vRttoMke trijyoM ke antarAlake barAbara hotI hai| (AkRti 11) (AkRti 12) Ayatana 7paribhASA--samakoNa SaDapa.lakakA zrAyatana usakI lambAI cor3AI tathA moTa IkA uttarottara guNA karanese AtA hai| ------ (aAkRti 13) (AkRti 14) 8--SaDaphalakakA Ayatana isake AdhArake vargameM UMca IkA gunn| karanepara AtA hai| racanA--prAkRtike saMketAnamAra da ma saM phaM pha e eMbhAgako kATakara dUsarI ora le jAne para samAnAtara SaDphalaka samakoNa--samAnAntara SaDphalaka ho jAtA hai| AkRtimeM do phalaka samakoNIya aura aura do dharAtalIya haiM / agara ye samakoNIya na hote to UparakI eka punarAvRtti karanese samAnAntara SaDphalaka; samakoNa samAnAntara SaDaphalaka ho jaaygaa| 499
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha vikRtikA caturtha siddhAnta--yadi samAnAntara SaDphalakake eka phalakako usake dharAtalapara haTAyA jAya tathA sAmaneke phalakako tadavastha rakhA jAya to sa0 SaDaphalakake zrAyatanameM koI antara nahIM par3atA hai| isake anusiddhAnta rUpase hama kaha sakate haiM-- 6--zrAdhArake letraphalameM UMcAIkA guNA karanese samapArzva (Prism) kA Ayatana aAtA hai / 10--AdhArake kSetraphalameM UMcAIkA guNA karanese sama-anuprastha paricchedayukta velanakA Ayatana nikalatA hai| 11--AdhArake tRtIyAMzake kSetraphalameM UMcAIkA guNA karane para cataSphalakakA zrAyatana nikalatA hai| kAraNa trikoNAtmaka AdhAra para banAyA gayA samapArzva tIna samAna catuSphalakoMmeM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| upari aMkita prAkRtimeM catuSphalakakA Ayatana nikAlaneke prakArakA dUsarA vikalpa bhI batAyA hai| 12-zrAdhArake tRtIyAMzake vargameM UMcAIkA guNA karane para zUcIstambhakA Ayatana AtA hai| racanA--zUcIstambhako aneka catuSphalakoMmeM vibhakta kiye jA kaneke kAraNa ukta niSkarSa aAtA hai| 13--sama-zaMkuke AdhArake kSetraphalameM UMcAIkA guNA . a. karanepara usakA Ayatana AtA hai| racanA--AdhArakI trijyAke sahAre UrdhvAkAra rUpase zIrSataka (AkRta 15) zaMkuko kATiye, phira ise aisA bar3hAiye ki AdhAra AkRti 6 ke tribhujameM parivartita ho jAya / isa prakAra zUcIstambha catuSphalakameM parivartita hotA hai / isa catuSphalakakA aAyatana AdhArake tRtIyAMzake kSetraphalameM UcAIkA guNA karane para AtA hai / aura ukta niSkarSakI puSTi karatA hai| yaha pariNAma vikRti-niyama cArake anusAra sama-viSama, vartula-avartula sabhI zaMkuoM ke lie upayukta hai| 14--yataH AdhArakI samatala samAnAntara rekhAse zaMkuko (bAkI ) kATanese chinna-zaMku banatA hai ataH usakA aAyatana vyavakalana paddhatise nikAlA jA sakatA hai / chinna-zaMku jJAta honese usa mUla zaMkukA patA avazya laga jAnA cAhiye jise kATakara chinna-zaMku banA hai| kintu dhavalAkAra aisA na karake usa racanA tathA vikRtike siddhAntoMke sahAre chinna-zaMkukA sIdhA Ayatana nikAlate haiM jisake punarnirmANa kA maiMne yahAM prayatna kiyA hai| 500
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________________ bhAratIya gaNita ke itihAsa ke jaina-srota kalpanA kIjie ki a tathA ba chinna- zaMkuke AdhAra tathA ha UMcAI hai / isameM se ba trijyA tathA ha UcAIkA velana alaga karake racanA tathA vikRti karate hue 'AkRti tIna' meM datta piNDa prApta hotA hai / isa AkRtimeM- zra zrA=ba bA = 2gbaM ba da=bA dA = zraM -- baM ba sa=bA sA="( zraM - - ) a da=nA dA = ha isa piMDako tathA A ke bIcase jAne vAlI samatata UrdhvAkAra rekhAoM dvArA tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTa dete haiM / taba ba da dAbA yA samapArzva aura aba sa da tathA zrA bA sA dA ye do samAna catuSphalaka bana jAte haiM / trikoNAtmaka AdhAra a ba da para sthita 2 baM UMcAI yukta a ba da dAbA A samapArzvakA Ayatana -- badaXX 2 = 2 ( zraM -- baM) XhaX2 baM = baM haM ( zraM - - ) ...... . ( pra ) hai | donoM catuSphalakoMke zrAyatanakA yoga hotA hai- 2XX ba daxtra saX da = 3X ( zraM - - ) X (aM-- baM) haM = " ( aM--baM )2XhaM...... (dvi) ataeva chinna- zaMkukA Ayatana hotA hai- haM+baM haM ( zraM - baM ) + 3 ( zraM baM ) ha =+"haM {3 baM2+3 zraM baM---3 baM^+zraMz+caM'-2 zraM baM } =te'ga'haM { zraM*+baM*+2zraM baM } yaha prasiddha guru hai| ananta prakriyA ba donoM catuSphalakoMkA Ayatana to sIdhe hI nikala AyA hai| pratyeka catuSphalakako (AbA ) ke madhyabindu ga (gA) meM se UrdhvAkAra samatala rekhAeM khIMcakara tIna bhAgo meM vibhakta kara diyA hai| badaha e ga i pha tathA bA dA hA~ aigA I kA piNDoMko eka dUsare para rakhanese trikoNAtmaka AdhAra para haM UMcAIkA samAnAntara caturbhuja bana jAtA hai / 501
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-prantha ba da=(aMbaM) tathA vapha-sa (aM-baM) kalpanA kIjiye ki isa sama nAntara caturbhujakA zrAyatana ka hai / arthAtka= " (aM-baM)2436 = ga (aM-baM)24 ukta racanAmeM pradarzita cArAM catuSphalakoMmeMse pratyekake bhujAke madhyabindumeM se samatala UrdhvAkAra tala khIMcakara tIna bhAga kriye| isa prakriyA dvArA ba da ha e gai pha samAna cAra piMDa tathA pATha catuSphalaka aura utpanna hote haiN| ina cAroM piNDoMko eka sAtha rakhanese eka samAnAntara caturbhuja banatA hai jisakA aAyatana pUrvokta (sa0 ca0) ke AyatanakA caturtha bhAga hotA hai arthAt isakA Ayatana ? ka hai| isa kramase uttarottara nimnAMkita pAyatana pAte haiM ka, ka, 2 inakA yoga hogAka (1++++......) 3 yataH ka (aM-ba)2 ke samAna mAna liyA gayA hai ata: = (aM-ba) 2 haM = donoM catuSphaloMkA aAyatana / pUrvokta vidhise uttarottara racanA krama cAlU rakhanese catu phalakoM kA Ayatana ghaTatA hI jAtA hai / aura ananta racanA karanese bindu mAtra raha jAtA hai| ataeva dhavalAkArane ThIka hI kahA hai ki catuSphalaka bindu mAtra raha jAneke kAraNa unakA aAyatana zUnya ho jAtA hai / ataeva aba sa da tathA A bA sAdA donoM catuSphalakoM meM pratyekakA zrAyatana hotA hai ( aM-baM) xhaM = x.(aM-naM )x( aM-baM)xhaM =3x AdhArakA vargaxutSedha isa vivecanameM ullekhanIya tathya ye haiM - (1) racanAke ananta anukramakA nizcita prayoga tathA (2) ananta zreNIke yogake gurukA nizcita pryog| 502
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________________ bhAratIya gaNitake itihAsake jaina-srota prAcIna bhAratIya gaNitajJone anantakramake upayogako kaise siddha kiyA thA yaha hama saMbhavataH kabhI na jAna skeNge| phalataH bhAratIya gaNitajJa 8 va 9 vI zatI I0 sadRza prAcIna samayameM bhI ananta kramakA upayoga karate the kaha kara hI hameM saMtuSTa honA par3atA hai| aba 2832 ana ---- 20000 ... 7+ + isake uttarottara saMsRta 3, tathA 35 haiM / ke mUlyAMkanakA grIka vidvAnoMne prayoga kiyA thA ataeva ise , kA grIka mUlya kahate haiN| AryabhaTake aMkanameM yaha dUsarA saMsRta hai tathA bhAratameM hI AryabhaTTa dvi0 tathA bhAskara dvi0 ne isakA , kA sthUla mUlya kaha kara prayoga kiyA hai| tRtIya saMsRta 23 kA vaidika gaNitajJoM tathA jyotiSiyoMne bahuta kama upayoga kiyA hai| satrahavIM zatI I0 ke cInI vidvAnoM ke granthoM meM pAye jAne ke kAraNa pAzcAtya vidvAna ise ga kA 'cInI malya' kahate haiN| kintu dhavalAkAra zrI vIrasenane apanI racanA 8 akTUbara 816 I0 ko samApta kI thii| kintu unhoMne isa ga-21 malyAMkanakA prayoga karate hue isake samarthanameM prAcInatara gAthA' kA prayoga kiyA hai jisakI saMskRta chAyAke anusAra vizuddha anuvAda ho gA "vyAsameM 16 se guNA karake 16 jor3akara tIna-eka-eka (113 ) se bhAga dekara vyAsase 'tiguneko jor3anese 'sUkSmase sUkSma' (paridhi ) nikala AtA hai|" / pa-3cyA+ 16 vyA+16 ( isameM pa tathA vyA kramase paridhi tathA vyAsake lie prayukta haiN| ) ukta gAthArthakI vIrasena nimna vyAkhyA karate haiMpa=3 vyA+16vyA_ 355 vyA 113- 113 arthAt ga = 3660 = 14 / yaha vyAkhyA taba taka ThIka na hogI jaba taka 'SoDaza sahitam' kA artha 16 bAra jor3A gayA" na kiyA jAya / isa prakAra gAthAkA artha ho gA "16 se guNita vyAsa,--arthAt solaha bAra jor3A gayA-meM tIna-eka-ekakA bhAga dekara vyAsakA tigunA jor3a denese sUkSmase sUkSma ( paridhi) nikala AtI hai|" pAI (ga) kA mUlya 'vRttako vargAkAra' banAnekA prazna; athavA bhAratIya dhArmika dRSTise adhika maulika evaM mahatvapUrNa 'vargako vRttAkAra' bana nekA prazna vaidika yajJa yAgadike sAtha hI utpanna huA thA tathA atyanta 1-"vyAsam SoDaza guNitaM poDazasahitaM tri-rUpa-rUparavibhaktam / vyAsa viguNita sahitaM sUimAdapi tad bhavet sUkSmam / / " 2- 'akAnAM vAmato gatiH' ataH / eka-eka-tIna (113 ) saMkhyA hogii|
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha mahattvapUrNa bana gayA thaa| saMbhavataH yaha prazna kavedake sarva prathama mantrake sAtha hI ( IsAse 3000 varSa pUrva) uThA ho gA / gAhapatya, AhavanIya, tathA dakSiNA nAmakI prArambhika tInoM vediyoMkA kSetraphala samAna hone para bhI unake zrAkAra vibhinna-varga, vRtta tathA ardhavRtta-honA Avazyaka thaa| taittirIya saMhitAmeM rathacakra citi, samuhya citi, paricayya citi nAmoMse ullikhita pAMca vedikAnoMko eka aisA vRtta banAnA cAhiye jisakA kSetraphala aise vargake samAna ho jisakA kSetraphala 1 hotA hai| una dinoM kA mUlya 3 tathA 3.1 ke bIcameM ghaTatA bar3hatA rahatA thaa| kA mUlya-10' kA sabase pahile jainAcAyoMne hI prayoga kiyA thA aisA pratIta hotA hai| isakA umAsvAmine prayoga kiyA thA jo ki prathama zatI I0 pU0 meM hue haiM / ve kahate haiM - "vyAsake vargako dazase guNA karake vargamUla nikAlane para paridhi AtI hai / tathA usameM vyAsake vargakA guNA karane para kSetraphala nikalatA hai|" ____ yaha aMkana (ga =10) itanA lokapriya huA ki uttarakAlIna brahmagupta (628), zrIdhara (la0 750), mahAvIra ( la0 850 ), AryabhaTTa dvi0 ( la0 950), Adi vaidika gaNitajJoM evaM jyotiSiyoMne bhI isakA khUba prayoga kiyA hai / ga = 63432 kA AryabhaTTa pra0 ne prayoga kiyA hai / ve kahate haiM ki 20000 vyAsayukta vRttakI paridhikA sthUla pramANa 100 dhana 4 meM 8 kA guNA karake 62000 jor3anese AtA hai / hama dekhate haiM ki 'sahitam' kA prayoga jor3a tathA guNA-arthAt saMkhyAkA bArambAra yogadonoM arthoM meM vedAMga jyotiSameM kiyA gayA hai kintu AryabhaTTa ( 499 ) tathA dUsare gaNitajJoMne ina donoM arthoM meM isakA prayoga nahIM kiyA hai / isake aAdhArapara yahI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki ukta uddharaNa I0 kI pAMcavIM zatIse pahile hI likhA gayA hogA jaba ki 'sahitam' kA prayoga-yoga tathA guNA-donoM arthoM meM pracalita thaa| ataH spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki = 357 tathokta cInI mUlyAMkana bhAratameM pracalita thA; aura saMbhavataH cInase bahuta pahile / yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki bauddha dharmapracArakoM dvArA yaha cInako prApta huzrA ho athavA yaha bhI sarvathA asaMbhava nahIM hai ki unhone svataMtra aAviSkAra kiyA ho / ukta uddharaNameM dUsarI mahattvapUrNa bAta 'sUkSmAdapi sUkSma' hai / isakA yahI bhAvArtha hotA hai ki bha kA sakSma mUlya jJAta thA jo ki = /10 athavA ga= 22 the / yadi tRtIya saMsRta dUsarekA samIpatara saMnnikaTIkaraNa hai to AryabhaTTake mUlyase isakA sambandha bhI spaSTa hai| 1-vizeSa paricaya ke lie kalakattA vizva vidyAlayake zrI bI0 bI0 dattakA 'dI sAinsa opha sulvA ( The Science of Sulba.) 132. dRSTavya hai| 2-umAstrAmikRta tattvArthasUtra kA san 1903 meM zrI ke0 pI0 modI dvArA prazazita kalakattA saMskaraNa 3,2 bhASya / abhI patA lagA hai ki bhASyase prAcInatara prAkRta granthoM meM bhI isakA ullekha hai| 3-AryabhaTTa, dvi0, 10 / 504
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________________ AyurvedakA mUla prANavAda-pUrva zrI paM0 kundanalAla nyAyatIrtha, Adi prArambha jaina kAla-gaNanAnusAra avasarpiNI yugacakrake pahile tIna kAloMmeM bhogabhUmi rahatI hai| cauthe kAlake sAtha karmabhUmi prArambha hotI hai aura saMbhavataH usIke sAtha annAhAra tathA sAbAdha jIvana bhii| phalataH tridoSakA kopa huzrA aura janatA bahuta bhIta' ho gyii| ve isa yugake AdipuruSa bhagavAna RSabhadevake pAsa gaye aura unase samajha sake ki kisI devI devatAke prakopake kAraNa nahIM, apitu jIvanameM vyatikramake kAraNa hI ve rogI hue haiN| adipuruSane batAyA ki Ayuke lie kyA hita kAraka hai aura kyA ahitakAraka hai| ina donoM se kisa prakAra kramazaH roga zAnta tathA utpanna hote haiN| isa prakAra AtmA tathA zarIrakA sambandha jIvana (Ayu), usameM hone vAle upadravoMkA nidAna tathA unakI zAnti rUpa cikitsA maya zAstra Ayurveda kA prArambha hA / __ saMsArake samAna ayurveda bhI anAdi ananta hai / tathApi aAdhunika aitihAsika paramparAke anusAra upalabdha purAtattva sAmagrI ke AdhArase bhI AyurvedakA vicAra kiyA jAya to hama dekhate haiM ki RgvedameM bhI aneka zastra kriyAzroM tathA maMNi-maMtra auSadhiyoMke ullekha hai| candramAke kSaya tathA zvitrakI cikitsA, cyavana RSikI punayauvana prApti hI kathAoMne azvinIkumAroMko vaidyoMkA brahmA banA diyA hai| atharvavedameM maNimaMtra auSadhitaMtrakI bharamAra sI hai| aura agniveza-saMhita AdikI to kahanA hI kyA hai| veda bhI Age jAkara yadi dekhA jAya aura adyAvadhi pracalita mAnyatAko hI 'vAvAvAkyaM' na mAnA jAya to jaina vAGmaya ke bArahaveM aMga dRSTivAdake bheda pUrvagatameM 12 vAM bheda 'prANavAda' hai / isa prANavAdameM aSTAMga zarIravijJAnakA jo varNana hai vaha aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI Ayurveda ko sudUra bhUtakAla taka le jAtA hai / yaha prANavAda hI AyurvedakA mUla srota hai| vedAdi granthoMmeM upalabdha AyurvedakA spaSTa ullekha saMketa karatA hai ki inake pUrva AyurvedakA sAMgopAMga vivecana ho cukA thaa| 1 "..aavayaM paramAyuSa eva loke teSAM mahadbhayamabhUdiha doSakopAt / " 2 "AyurhitAhita vyAdhernidAnaM zamanaM tathA . .reSa Ayurveda iti smRtaH / " 505
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________________ vI-abhinandana-grantha cikitsA prakAra Ayurvedika cikitsA (1) kAya tathA (2) zalya cikitsAke bhedase do prakArakI hai / ina donoM ko hI 1-kAya, 2- bAla, 3-graha 4-UrjAga ya zAlAkya, 5-zalya, 6-daMSTrA, -jarA tathA 8-vRSa ke bhedase grahaNa karane para inakI saMjJA aSTAMga Ayurveda ho jAtI hai| aSTAMgakA vicAra karane se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki saptadhAtu, tridoSa aura raktase hone vAle doSoMke pratikAra se lekara bhUta, graha, Adi taka kI cikitsA paddhati prAcIna bhAratameM suvikasita ho cukI thii| ___ zalya cikitsA bhI korI kalpanA na thI apitu isakI vAstavikatA tathA sarvAGgINa vikAsa suzruta, Adi granthoM se hAthakA 'kaMgana' ho jAtI hai / jisa samaya 'sarajarI' ke sarjakoM ko machalI bhUnakara khAnA nahIM AtA thA usa sUdUra bhUtameM bhArata ke cikitsaka baddhagudodara, azmarI, AvRddhi, bhagaMdara, mUgarbha, AdikA pATana (oparezana) karate the / ___vAta, pitta tathA kapha ina tInoM doSoM, rasa rakta, mAMsa, meda, asthi, majjA aura zukra ina sAta dhAtuoM, dUSyake hI antargata malamUtrAdi, vAtAdike sthAna lakSaNa, aAdike vivecana laghukAya lekhameM spaSTa saMbhava nahIM haiM / tathA abhinandana grantha aise baudvika AyojanoM ko pratyeka viSayakI jJAna dhArAmeM vRddhi karanA cAhiye / phalataH Ayurveda ke premiyoM tathA vicArakoM ke lie 'jaina vAGmayameM Ayurveda ke sthAna' kA saMketa hI paryApta hai| 506
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________________ svAsthyake mUla AdhAra zrI viTThaladAsa modI eka bhrAnti ___prAyaH logoM kA khyAla hai ki svAsthya saubhAgyase prApta hotA hai aura roga durbhAgya kI nizAnI hai: jaba ki bAta aisI kataI nahIM hai / na svAsthya AsamAnase Tapaka par3ane vAlI cIja hai na roga hii| hama eka sAikila yA moTarakAra kharIdate haiM use ThIka dazAmeM rakhane ke lie, usase ThIka kAma lene ke lie hameM usake aMga pratyaMgase paricita honA par3atA hai / hameM jAnanA par3atA hai ki hameM kaba kahAM aura kitanA tela denA cAhie aura unakA istemAla kaise karanA cAhie tAki apanI pUrI avadhi taka hameM acchI taraha kAma de skeN| zoka hai ki zarIra rUpI amUlya mazInake bAremeM hama kabhI kucha jAnane kI koziza nahIM karate use na acchI taraha calAnekI hI vidhi sIkhate haiM / phalataH roga Ate haiM aura isake calate rahane para hI sAdhAraNataH loga ise svAstha kahate haiM / isase bar3hiyA aura pUrA kAma nahIM liyA jA sktaa| da:kha to isa bAta kA hai ki kucha loga svAsthya ke ThekedAra bana gaye haiM, unhoMne DAkTara, vaidya aura hakIma kI saMjJA le lI hai / ve kahate haiM bImAra par3ane para hamAre pAsa Azro, hama tumheM rogase mukta kara deMge / yadyapi khullamakhullA ve yaha ghoSita nahIM karate ki 'jaise cAho raho,jo cAho kro| AhAra-vihAra ke kucha niyama jAne sune hoM to unheM tor3I / isase hone vAle nukasAna ko dUra karane kA hama jimmA lete haiN| anya vyApAriyoM kI taraha ye vyApArI haiM aura Aja ke vyApArI se dayA, dhama aura ImAnadArI kitanI dara calI gayI hai yaha batAne kI jarUrata nahIM hai| phira bhI vyApAra karane vAle svAsthyake ThekedAra dhanake lobhameM aisA na kaheM, aisA na kareM; to kyA kareM ? prakRtikI godameM aisI dazAmeM hameM prakRti se patha-pradarzana prApta karanA hogA / jisa prakRti-puruSa kA prakRtike sAtha sAmaMjasya thA usake jIvana kA adhyayana karanA hogA / hama usakI saMtAna haiM, usakI AdatoMke anusAra cala kara hI hama svastha raha sakate haiM aura khoyA svAsthya prApta kara sakate haiN| pAzcAtya vidvAnoMke matase manuSya apane Adi kAlameM zikArapara jIvana basara karatA thaa| zikAra kiyA, mA~sa khaayaa| 507
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________________ varNI abhinandana-graMtha na use usake sAtha kisI anya cIja kI jarUrata thI na zikAra hI niyamita thA / aisI dazAmeM use kaI dina taka bhUkhoM rahanA par3atA thaa| kaMdamUla,phala grahaNa karate samaya bhI vaha koI bahuta taraha ke phala yA kaMda ikaDe nahIM karatA thA, jo jisa jagaha milA, khAyA / jaba vaha pazupAlaka huaA taba use dUdha bhI milane lagA aura khetI karanA sIkhane para bhojana pAne ke lie use apane eMDI-coTI kA pasInA eka karanA hotA thA / usake isa svAbhAvika jIvanameM hama yaha dekha sakate haiM ki use apanA bhojana prApta karaneke lie ghora parizrama karanA par3atA thA aura vaha eka bArameM eka hI cIja khAtA thA / ataH yadi hama aAja svastha rahanA cAhate haiM to hameM zrama-zIla honA cAhie aura apanA bhojana sAdA rakhanA caahie| sAdese matalaba yaha hai ki kudarata jo cIja jaisI paidA karatI hai usI dazAmeM use grahaNa kareM / anna aisA khAdya jise pacAne kI tAkata Aja hamameM nahIM raha gayI hai unheM hama pakAkara khAMya para isakA yaha matalaba nahIM hai ki ghI, tela, cInI sI dasa cIjeM ikaTThI karake unase eka cIja banA kara use grahaNa kreN| dUdha ko dUdhakI taraha leM, malAI, ghI, rabar3I banAkara nhiiN| gannA jaba mile use leM para use cInIke rUpameM parivartita kara sAla bharake lie jamA na kreN| hara RtumeM naye khAdya pAte haiM, Rtuse unakA aura hamArA saMbaMdha hotA hai| jo cIja jaba paidA ho taba use hama grahaNa kareM / buddhijIvIke lie zrAja zramajIvIkA jIvana grahaNa kara sakanA kaThina hogaa| para zrama to use karanA par3egA hI cAhe vaha kisI rupameM kare / vaha zrama upajAU zramake rupameM kare yA zrAsana,vyAyAma, TahalanA, daur3anA, Adi ke rupameM kare; para kare jarUra / na zramase kinArAkazI karake vaha kabhI svastha raha sakatA hai aura na Aja kA bigar3A huA bhojana kara ke| rogakA mUla kRtrima jIvana sahaja-puruSa prakRtike prAMgaNa meM rahatA thA / na usane garda, gaMdagI, dhUe~ badabU se bhare gA~va aura zahara basAye the, na dhUpa aura havAse use chipAne aura dUra rakhanevAlI aTTAlikAeM hI banAyI thIM / Aja zaharake nivAsIke lie naMge yA dina bhara dhUpameM raha sakanA aura dina bhara zuddha vAyu prApta karanA kaThina hai| phira bhI svastha rahane ke lie use inakA upayoga karanA Avazyaka hai| ataH sabere kucha samaya ke lie apane badanapara dhUpa lekara aura zuddhavAyuse bhare sthAnameM Tahalane jAkara inakA AMzika upabhoga kara sakatA hai aura usake anupAtameM aMzataH sthAsthya prApta kara sakatA hai / aura jo khAsa bAta hama puruSameM dekhate haiM vaha thI usakI nizcintatA aura zuddha jalakA prayoga / zuddha jalake nAmapara Aja zahara vAloMko ikaTThA kiyA huA aura sApha kiyA huA nalakA pAnI milatA hai aura bahutase loga to peyake nAmapara cAya,kAphI,lemana,zarbata aura madirA bhI pIte haiM,jabaki peya jala hI hai anya saba viSamaya hai| hameM jahA~ taka bana sake zuddha jalakA upayoga karanA caahie| 500
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________________ svAsthya ke mUla AdhAra AjakI sabhyatA aura Ajake arthazAstrAne nizcitatA hara lI hai| manuSya kaTe pataMga kI taraha ho gayA hai aura usakA dimAga idhara udhara ur3atA rahatA hai| use patA nahIM rahatA vaha kahAM jAkara par3egA / Izvara (karma) ke vizvAsa kI khUMTI jisameM usakA mana aTakA rahatA thA Aja ukhar3a gayI hai athavA burI taraha hila rahI hai / aisI sthiti meM cintA, ghabarAhaTa, jar3atA, mUrkhatA, durvyasana, vyabhicAra usake sAthI ho gaye haiM / manuSya soce vaha kyoM yaha saba kara rahA hai, kahAM jA rahA hai samaya nikAle inapara vicAra karaneko aura ve use unase chUTane kA jo patha batalAyeM usa para cale / ye chaha siddhAMta hai svastha rahane ke lie sAtavAM siddhAMta kI pahale meM hI AgayA hai ki hama kabhI kabhI upavAsa kareM / upavAsa mana aura tana dvArA kI gayI galatiyoMkA zodhana karatA hai aura unameM roga utpanna honepara unakA nAza bhI / 509
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________________ dharmapracAra aura samAjasevA-vijJAna zrI ajitaprasAda, ema0 e0, ela0ela0 bI0 zrI svAmI samantabhadrAcAryane ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcArameM dharma kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki "saMsAra duHkhataH sattvAn yo gharatyuttame sukhe", saMsArake duHkhoMse bacAkara prANImAtra ko uttama sukhameM jo pahuMcA de so dharma hai| sukha kA lakSaNa duHkha kA abhAva hai, aura duHkha utpanna hotA hai cAha se, icchita vastuke na hone se / jahAM cAha hai, vahAM duHkha hai / cAha kA miTajAnA hI sukha hai / 'sarApA ArajUne hone vaMdA kara diyA hamako / vagara na hama khudA the gara dila-e-vemuddA hotaa|' isa sukhaka rUparekhA bhogabhUmi ke varNanase kucha samajhameM A sakatI hai, jahAM manuSya apanI icchA pUrti ke lie kisI dUsare ke prAdhIna nahIM thA, usakI saba jarUrateM kalpavRkSoMse pUrI ho jAtI thiiN| pati-patnI eka sAtha hI utpanna hote; zIghra hI pUrNa yauvanako pA lete / lambI muddata taka jIte rahate the| eka sAtha hI chIMka yA jaMbhAI lekara mara jAte the / na bImArI kA kaSTa na bur3hApe kA duHkha, na riztedAroMse judAI kA gama, na marane kA bhaya, na roTI kapar3e kA phikara, na dhana daulata jamA karane kA bkhedd'aa| zrArAma hI ArAma, sukha hI sukha thA / kintu vaha sukha canda rojA hI thA aura sarvathA nirAbAdha bhI na thaa| zrI paM0 jugalakizorane siddhisopAna kAvyameM darzAyA hai ki uttama sukha bAdhA rahita, vizAla, utkRSTa, aMtima, zAzvata, sahajAnanda avasthA hai| vahAM daHkha kA leza bhI nahIM hai, vaha kRta-kRtya pada prApti hai| vahAM kisI prakAra kI cAha yA vAMchA nahIM raha gayI hai| siddha paramAtmA na bhaktoM kI sahAya karane Ate haiM na duSToM kA saMhAra / vaha atIndriya, zAzvata, nijAnanda rasAsvAdanameM lIna hai| usa akSaya sukha-ananta sukha kA anumAna yA parimANa koI kara hI nahIM sakatA / aisA uttama sukha zuddha AtmA kA nija svabhAva hai| parantu dehadhArI saMsArI zrAtmA anAdikAlase azuddha avasthA meM hai| svabhAvase vaMcita, vibhAvameM rata, satata rAgadvaSa, kAma krodhAdi kaSAya viSaya vAsanAke kAraNa azuddha dazAmeM rahatA hai; yadyapi usa azuddhatA kI mAtrA ghaTatI bar3hatI rahatI hai, parantu vaha bilkula miTa nahIM jAtI / azuddhatA kA nAma jaina siddhAntameM karma hai / lokameM mukhyatayA do dravya haiM; eka jIva, dusarA ajIva / ina donoM kA mela hI saMsAra kA khela 510
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________________ dharma pracAra aura samAjasevA-vijJAna hai, duniyA raMgAraMgI, usakI vicitratA hai / zuddha jIva amUrtika hai; anantajJAna, ana tasukha, anantavIrya ke akSaya bhaNDAra svarUpa hai / zuddha avasthA meM vaha dikhAyI nahIM par3atA, kintu apane puruSArtha se,apane prayatnase, apanI anAdi azuddha avasthAkA anta karake zuddha saccidAnanda paramAtmA bana sakatA hai| svarNa pRthvIke garbhameM azuddha avasthA meM rahatA hai| bhUgarbhase nikAla kara vividha prayogoM dvarA usako zuddha kiyA jAtA hai| aura zuddhatA prApta kara lene para vaha zuddha hI banA rahatA hai| isa zuddhi kriyA bAra bAra agnimeM tapAyA jAnA hI vizeSatA hai| isI prakAra azuddha AtmAko, saMsArI jIvako, karmamalase AcchAdita dehadhArI prANIko, icchA nirodha karake, viSaya vAsanAse haTA kara, vrata, saMyama, dhyAna rUpa, vividha prakArake tapazcaraNase zuddha kiyA jAtA hai / zuddha ho jAne para isa saMsArI jIvakA hI nAma paramAtmA, zuddhAtmA. siddha, AtmasvarUpasthita, vItarAga, parameTI, aAta, sArva, jina, sarvajJa, kRtI, prabhu, nirvikAra, niraMjana, paramezvara ajara, amara, saccidAnanda, zrAdi aneka ho jAte haiM / isa paramapadakI prAptikA mArga zrI prAcArya umAsvAmine tattvArthasUtrameM "samyagdarzanajJAna -cAritrANi mokSa mArga:' batalAyA hai / samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna, samyakcAritra tInoMkA sammilita honA muktikA sAdhana hai| jJAna kitanA hI gaharA, kitanA hI vistIrNa kyoM na ho aura cAritra kitanA hI kaThora aura kitanA hI dussaha kyoM na ho, vaha sabhyakdarzanake abhAvameM samyak upAdhiko nahIM pA sktaa| samyakadarzana kyA hai ? "tatvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanaM '' tattvoMmeM yathArtha, dRr3ha, acala, aTala zcadvAnako samyakdarzana kahate haiN| tattva mUlataH do haiM aura vizeSataH sAta / mala tatva jIva aura ajIva haiN| jJAtA, dRSTA, kartA, bhoktA, jo tatva hai. use jIva kahate haiN| usa hI tatvaka nimittase ajIva zarIra, jIvitAtmA kahA jAtA hai; aura usa hI tattvake isa ajIva zarIrase pathaka ho jAne para, zarIra zava hotA hai| saMsArameM zuddha jIva dekhane meM nahIM A sakatA, vaha to amUrtika vastu hai, indriya grAhya nahIM hai| vaha kevala anubhava gamya hai| vaha anubhava satata abhyAsase prApta hotA hai| "izka kyA hai, yaha basa Azika hI jAne haiM' isa anubhava prAptike bAda jJAnakA adbhuta vikAsa hotA hai; samyaka AcaraNameM vrata, samiti, gupti, parigrahajaya, dhyAna, tapazcaraNameM Ananda Ane lagatA hai, RddhiyAM svayaM siddha ho jAtI haiM / hajAroM mIlako bAta manuSya isa prakAra jAna letA hai. jaise usake nikaTa samakSameM saba kucha ho rahA hai| usakA zarIra itanA halkA ho sakatA hai ki dhunakI huI ruIke gAleke mAninda havA meM ur3atA phire, aura aisA bhArI ho sakatA hai ki kisI prakAra hilAye na hile: itanA sUkSma ho sakatA hai ki parvatoMke bIca meM hokara nikala
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha jAve, aura itanA vizAla ho sakatA hai ki paira phailAye to samasta loka usake bIcameM A jAya / phira durddhara tapazcaraNa dvArA karmakA samUla nAza kara svAbhAvika anantajJAna, anantasukha, anantavIrya kI zAzvata prApti kA prayatna hI manuSyakA dharma hai, usako cAhe jisa nAmase pukAro, vaha Atmadharma hai, nija dharma hai, jinadharma hai| saptatattvoMkA jo svarUpa zrI vIrabhagavAnakI divyadhvanimeM vipulAcalapara zrAvaNakI pratipadAke dina sarva saMsArake hitArtha pratipAdita kiyA gayA thA, usa dharma kA AMzikarUpa tattvArthasUtra meM saMkSepataH batalAyA gayA hai| karmarUpa parivartita hone yogya ajIva tattva pudgala bejAna dravyake paramANu tathA vargaNA lokake pratyeka pradezameM, dehake andara AkAzameM bhI ThasAThasa bhare hue haiM / saMsArI jIvake mana, vacana, kAyake halana calanake nimittase aise vargaNA karmarUpa dhAraNa karake usa prANIke atyanta nikaTa samparkameM AjAte haiM, isa pAsa aAjAne ko Azrava tatva kahA gayA hai| sarvataH saTa jAne ke pIche prANI apane kaSAya sahita bhAvoMke nimittase apaneApa meM milA letA hai / usa ekameka rUpa ko vandha tattva kahate haiM / karma vargaNAke Azrava ko rokanA saMvaratattva hai / AtmA pradezoMmeM ekameka hokara baMdhe hue karmavargaNAoM ko haTA denA nirjarA tattva hai / karmamalase sarvathA vimukta hokara AtmA kA nirAvaraNa hojAnA athavA Atma svarUpa kI prApti mokSa tattva hai| isa prakAra samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna, samyakcAritra kI paripATI caturvidha saMgha dvArA mahAvIra svAmIke nirvANake bAda kaI sau barasa taka clii| phira kAla doSase jinavara pratipAdita dharmameM zAkhA prazAkhAe~ bar3hatI calI gayIM, aura bar3hate bar3hate itanI bar3hIM ki pratyeka zAkhA prazAkhAne apane ko mUla dharma kA rUpa de diyaa| mUla dharma rUpI tanAko ina zAkhAprazAkhAoMke jAlane AcchAdita kara liyaa| aura pRthaka-pRthaka maTha sthApita kara zAkhAnuyAyiyoMne apanI apanI gaddiyAM jamA lIM / dharma kA sthAna ina maThoMne le liyA / aisI khedajanaka paristhiti ko dekhakara 1899 meM kucha yuvakoMne eka sabhA sthApita kI tAki minna bhinna sampradAya milakara mUla ahiMsAdharma kI chatra chAyAmeM Atmonnati, dharmotrati tathA samAjonnati kreN| isI kA nAma 1907meM bhArata jaina-mahAmaMDala ho gyaa| isa maMDalake saMcAlaka jainadharmakI digambara zvetAmbara, sthAnakavAsI tInoM samAjoMke mukhiyA puruSa the / ye aApasameM mila julakara kAma karate the| isa maNDala kA eka adhivezana 1901 meM jayapura nivAsI zrI gulAbacanda DhaDDAke sabhApatitvameM sUrata nagarameM, 1915 meM prA0 khuzAlabhAI TI0 zAha kI adhyakSatAmeM bambaI meM huA thaa| tatpazcAta zvetAmbara digambara sampradAyameM tIrthakSetra sambandhI mukadameM kacaharIyoMmeM calane lage / aura maNDalake udIyamAna vyApaka sarvopayogI kAmameM bhArI kSati huI / aba bhI maMDalakA kAryAlaya vardhA 512
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________________ bhAratIya jyotiSake itihAsake jaina-srota gaMja meM zrI seTha ciraMjIlAla bar3ajAtyA kI nigarAnImeM jArI hai aura usakA mukhapatra aMgrejI jainagajaTa apane 41 veM varSa meM cala rahA hai| tathApi jinadharma kA udyota isa paivanda lagAnese nahIM hogA / vaha cAhatA hai bhISaNa tyAga aura tapasyA maya AcaraNa / jainadharma kI saccI jaya usa samaya ho gI jisa samaya hama duniyAke sAmane aise Adarza jainadharmavalambI pezakara sakeM ge jo nAgarika hote hue satyake upAsaka hoMge / svapnameM bhI jhUTa vacana unake mu~hase nahIM nikalegA, unakA AcAra-vicAra-vyavahAra ahiMsAmaya hogA, vaha parAI vastu grahaNa nahIM kareMge, dhokebAjI kI parachAMI bhI unake vyavahAra meM na par3ane pAyagI, unakI tArIphameM yaha kahanA anucita yA atizayokti na ho gA ki 'manameM hoya so vacana ucariye, vacana hoya so tana se kariye' jainI myAdvAda siddhAnta apane vyavahArase pratipAdana karake dikhA deMge / anekAnta taba kevala pustakoM kA viSaya na raha jAve gA, zabda tathA vAkya yojanA taka hI sImita na rahegA. apitu usakA sajIva udAharaNa lokake sammukha upasthita ho jAya gA / syAdvAda manuSya-jIvana kI dRSTi hogaa| ___ karma-siddhAnta aura ahiMsAdharmakI bhI yahI hAlata hogii| 'sattveSu maitrI', guNiSu pramodaM, kliSTezu joveSu kRpAparatva, mAdhyasthabhAvaM viparItabatau" ke jIte jAgate udAharaNa saMsAra meM dikhAyI deNge| hamArI bhAratIya duniyAse duHkha darda, IrSA, chInA jhapaTI, lar3AI, daMgA, pArasparika saMhAra, pIr3ana Adi narakake dRzya adRzya ho jaavege| lokameM sukha aura zAnti kA prasAra hogA, nayA saMsAra basa jAyagA / -p-DODIA 513
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________________ jainasamAjakA rUpa - vijJAna zrI bA0 ratanalAla jaina bI0 e0, ela-ela0 bI0 jaina samAja prAcIna kAlameM vaibhava pUrNa thA, yaha bAta prAcIna granthoMse bhalIbhAMti siddha hai / aitihAsika yuga ke prAraMbha meM bhI jaina samAja unnata avasthA meM thA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM aneka rAjA jaina dharmAvalambI the / mahAvIra bhagavAna ke pazcAta bhI magadhAdhipati samrAT candragupta va kaliMga deza ke adhipati samrATa khAravela jaina dharmAvalambI the / uttarI bhAratameM tIsarI cauthI zatI se jaina dharmakA hrAsa prAraMbha huA tathApi bArahavIM zatI taka ise rAjyadharma honekA saubhAgya prApta rahA jaisA ki dakSiNa evaM gujarAta ke itihAsa se siddha hai / bArahavIM zatI ke anta se lekara unnIsavIM zatI ke antataka kA sAta sau varSakA dIrghakAla bhAratavarSa ke lie mahAna viplava, damana tathA hrAsamaya rahA hai| jaina, bauddha, vaidika, Adi pracalita dharmoMko bar3A dhakkA lagA / AkramaNa, damana, aura anAcAramaya vAtAvaraNa meM hiMsAmaya jainadharmakA hrAsa adhika vegake sAtha huA / deza bhara meM hiMsA prati-hiMsAkI agni prajvalita ho utthii| jisakI carama sImA auraMgajebakI kaTTaratA, andhavizvAsa evaM bhArata varSa ke pracalita dharmoM ke prati zatrutA tathA usakI pratikriyA meM utpanna marahaTe va sikkha vargoM ke nirmANa meM huI / marahaThe va sikkha pUrNa saMgaThita bhI nahIM hone pAye the ki aMgarejI rAjya ne apane dezaprema, saMgaThana, Adi kucha sadguNoM ke kAraNa samasta bhArata para apanI sattA aThArahavIM zatIke prAraMbha meM hI sthApita kara lI ; kintu inakI rAjanaitika niSThura lUTa tathA damana nItiko bhI dezane pahicAnA tathA 1885 meM bhAratIya kAMgresako janma diyA / kAMgresake janma ke kucha kAla bAda hI jaina samAja ke netAoM ne saMgaThanakI zrAvazyakatA anubhava karake 'bhAratavarSIya jaina mahAsabhA kI nIMva DAlI / kitane hI kAla taka mahAsabhAne jaina samAja meM jAgrati utpanna kii| kucha samaya pazcAta pragatizIla va sthitipAlaka do dala spaSTa pratIta hone lage / san 1911 meM ina donoM daloM meM virodha itanA bar3ha gayA ki pragatizIla sudhArakoMko jaina mahAsabha se alaga honA pdd'aa| mahAsabhA sthitipAlakoM ke hAthameM pahuMca gayI / tathApi bairisTara campatarAyajI ne jaina mahAsabhA meM sammilita hokara navajIvana utpanna karanekA prayatna kiyA kintu sthitipAlakoM ke sAmane unakI nIti asaphala hai, yaha pharavarI 1923 ke dehalI jaina mahotsava meM spaSTa ho gayA / 514
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________________ jainasamAjakA rUpa-vijJAna ataH dehalI jaina mahotsavake avasarapara 'bhA0 di0 jaina pariSada' kI sthApanA huI / navayuvakoM ke utsAhase pariSadakA kArya dina prati dina bar3hane lagA jisakA zreya sva0 ba0 zItalaprasAdako sabase adhika hai| pariSadane apane prAraMbhika kAlameM hI sthitipAlakoMke ghora virodhakI nIti apanAyI / pariSadake patra vIrane isakI pragatimeM sAdhaka maraNabhoja, dassApUjA, Adi niSedha kAryoMkA yathAzakti pracAra kiyA hai| mahAsabhA tathA pariSadakI dalagata nItise kitane hI vidvAna asantuSTa the / kyoMki vaidika samAja ke kaTTara saMpradAya dvArA kiye jAne vAle AkramaNoMkA sva0 gurujIke samAna ye donoM sarathAeM sAmanA karanemeM asamartha thiiN| isa lie jaina AmnAya para Aye ghAtaka saMkaTako TAlaneke lie taTastha nItikI zreSThatAmeM vizvAsa karane vAloM dvArA zAstrArthoM ke bIca svayameva "bhA0 di0 jainasaMgha' kI sthApanA sana 1633 ke lagabhaga kI gyii| kintu bhagavAn vItarAgake upAsaka jaina samAjameM Aja taka itanI rAga honatA na AyI ki ve sAmAjika kSetra meM syAdvAdamaya vyavahAra karate yA jaina samAja evaM dharma kA vikAsa prakAza hone dete / (DI bundela khaNDa 515
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________________ mAtRbhUmi ke caraNoM meM vindhyapradezakA dAna zrI paM0 banArasIdAsa caturvedI 'svAdhIna mAtRbhUmi ke caraNoM meM vindhyapradeza kyA bheMTa arpitakara sakatA hai ? yaha prazna Aja hama pAThakoM ke sAmane upasthita karate haiM / yaha bAta to nizcita hI hai ki bhArata ke bhinna-bhinna bhAgoM kI bheMTa una janapadoM kI yogyatA, zakti, paristhiti aura sAdhanoM ke anusAra hogI / vaicitrya meM hI sundaratA nivAsa karatI hai / prAkRtika saundarya se paripUrNa himAlaya pradeza kI sevAoM kA marubhUmi rAjasthAna kI sevAoM se bhinna honA sarvathA svAbhAvika hai; para kauna sevA choTI hai kauna bar3I-bheMToM meM isa prakAra kA bheda karanA sarvathA anucita hogA / mukhya bheMTa kisI manuSya kA jIvanadAna hai, aura manuSya to pratyeka bhUmi khaNDa meM utpanna hote haiM / yadi baMgAla rAjA rAmamohanarAya tathA kavIndra zrI ravIndra ko janma de sakatA hai to kAThiyAvAr3a maharSi dayAnanda aura mahAtmA gAndhI ko / isalie hamameM se kisI ko bhI yaha adhikAra nahIM ki vaha vyarthAbhimAna dvArA dUsare kI bheMTa kI upekSA kre| kI bheMTa kA mUlya samAna hai, cAhe vaha karor3apati kI ho yA majadUra kI, mAtRbhUmi saMvaliyA ( sAMvare kRSNa bhagavAn ) kI taraha bhAva kI bhUkhI hai / hAM, to prazna yaha hai ki jananI janmabhUmi ko vindhyapradeza kyA bheMTa arpita karegA ? isa prazna kA yathocita uttara to isa janapada ke suyogya nivAsI hI de sakate haiM, phira bhI parAmarza ke taura para docAra bAteM hama bhI nivedana kara denA cAhate haiM / svAsthya sadana -- isa ramaNIka bhUmikhaNDa meM pacAsoM aise sakate haiM, jinameM kucha to garmiyoM ke lie adhika hotA hai, aura kahIM-kahIM varSA Rtu kI anokhI chaTA jatArA athavA baruAsAgara, kuNDezvara yA sanakuA ke ko AzAtIta lAbha hogA aura ve apane jIvana ke ina sthaloMkA mahattva pUrNatayA nahIM smjhte| mAM ke lie sabhI baccoM rAjA kI ho yA raGka ko / manohara sthala vidyamAna hai, jahAM sainiToriyama banAye jA upayukta hoMge, kucha kA saundarya zItakAla meM prasphuTita darzanIya hai / yadi registAna ke rahane vAloM ko nikaTa rahanekA saubhAgya prApta ho, to unake svAsthya punarnimANa meM aneka aMzoM taka saphala hoMge / yahA~ kahA bhI hai 'ati paricayAdavajJA' ( ati paricaya 516
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________________ mAtRbhUmike caraNoM meM vindhyapradezakA dAna avajJA yA upekSA kA kAraNa hotA hai ) / jisa cIja ko hama bAra-bAra dekhate haiM, usakA saundarya hamArI khoM se utara jAtA hai / yadi vindhyapradeza nivAsI yahAM ke prakRtidatta saundaryako naSTa na kara deM - yahI nahIM yadi ve usakI rakSA tathA vRddhi ke lie tatpara ho jAyeM to svArtha kI dRSTise bhI unakA yaha kArya dUradarzitApUrNa hogA / sahasroM yAtriyoM kA Agamana una sthaloMkI samRddhi meM sahAyaka hogA / zrAsa-pAsa ke janapadoMke vyakti yahAM grAkara vana-bhramaNa dvArA apane zarIrako svastha kara sakate haiM, aura yahAM kI nadiyoM tathA sarovaroMmeM snAna karake apane cittako prasanna / tairanA sIkhane ke liye jaisI suvidhAeM isa pradeza meM vidyamAna haiM, vaisI anyatra zAyada hI mileM / Azrama aura tapovana - bhAratIya saMskRti tathA sabhyatAkA srota tapovana hI the / yaha mAnI huI bAta hai ki hama tapovanoM ko prAcIna paramparA tathA pUrva rUpameM jyoM kA tyoM sthApita nahIM kara sakate / jamAnA badala cukA hai aura samaya kA takAjA hai ki hama apane tapovanoMko Adhunika sabhyatA ke sAtvika lAbhoM se vaMcita na rakkheM / udAharaNArtha hama yAdhunika AzramoM meM reDiyo seTa rakhane ke pakSapAtI haiM / saMsArakI pragatizIla dhArAse alaga rahane kA prayatna karanA avvala darje kI mUrkhatA hogI ! sAtha hI hameM yaha bAta na bhUlanI cAhiye ki gata yuddha ke bAda samasta saMsAra meM Adhunika sabhyatA ke prati bhayaMkara pratikriyA ho rahI hai aura jIvanakI gatiko tIvratama tejIke sAtha calAne vAle tamAma yaMtra tathA sAdhana Aja nahIM to kala apanI lokapriyatA kho baiTheMge / khUbI isI meM hai ki hama loga abhI se aisI saMsthAoM aura aise AzramoMkI nIMva DAla leM, jahAM hamAre vidvAna aura jJAnake pipAsu ekatrita hokara zAnta vAyumaNDala meM apanA kArya kara sakeM / Aja betavA aura kenake suramya taTa tathA dhasAna aura jAmanerake jaMgala hameM nimaMtraNa de rahe haiM ki hama apane zrAzramoMkI vahAM sthApanA kreN| unake nikaTa banI huI jhoMpar3iyAM kalakattekI cauraMgI sTrITa athavA bambaI ke malAvAra hilake mahaloMse adhika sajI hoNgii| isa garIba mulka meM IMTa tathA cUne aura pattharakA moha karanA himAkata hai / khulI havA ke skUla (Open air school) kholane ke lie itane manorama sthala aura kahAM mileMge ? loga kahate haiM ki vindhyapradeza bhAratakA skATalaiNDa / para kahanA yo cAhie ki skATalaiNDa briTenakA vindhyapradeza hai / bundelakhaNDa thavA manuSyoM kI -- prakRtike zAntiniketana meM hama mahinoM taka rahe haiM, para vahA~kA prAkRtika saundarya madhyapradeza ke saikar3oM sthaloMke sAmane nagaNya-sA hai| yahAM kamI hai to basa kalpanAzIla sAtha puruSakA saMyoga karAne vAle mniissiyoNkii| yahAM khIrA dasa gunA bar3A hotA hai, bera choTe seva jaise aura laukI tigunI lambIM hotI hai, basa choTA hotA hai to AdamI ! sadiyoM taka choTI-choTI jAgIroM 517
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha 1 aura rAjyoM meM vibhakta rahane ke kAraNa yahA~ke janasAdhAraNa ke vyaktitva kSudra se kSudratara banate gaye haiM / yadi vindhyapradeza isase pUrva alaga prAnta bana gayA hotA to yahAM kI janatA meM kSudratvakI vaha bhAvanA ( Inferiority complex ) na pAI jAtI, jo Aja yatra-tatra dIkha par3atI haiN| yadi Aja bhI yahAMke nivAsiyoMko patA laga jAya ki prakRti mAtAke ve kitane kRpApAtra haiM to kala hI yahAM betavA tathA kena ke taTa sAMskRtika tIrtha bana sakate haiM / saMsthAeM to pahale sajIva vyaktiyoMkI kalpanA meM sthApita hotI haiM, unakA mUrta rUpa to pIche dIkha par3atA 1 phaloM ke bAga -- yahAM vindhyapradeza meM Akara zarIphA ( sItAphala ) ke saikar3oM per3a jaMgaloM meM uge dekhakara hamAre Azcarya kA ThikAnA na rahA / jo phala Agare meM tIna paise meM eka-ekake hisAba se milatA hai, use yahAM paise meM tIna-tIna ko koI nahIM pUMchatA ! nIcAM se isa prakAra lade hue vRkSa hamane anyatra nahIM dekhe, aura jahAM taka bera, jAmuna, imalI, jharaberI tathA kaithakA savAla hai, isa prAntake kucha bhAgo meM mAno vyAvahArika sAmyavAda hI AgayA ! hamArI ora beriyoMkI rakhavAlI hotI hai- kyA majAla ki koI pAMca-sAta bera bhI tor3a le aura yahAM koI unakI kucha bhI kadra nahIM karatA ! sunA hai ki orachA rAjyake nadanavAr3e nAmaka tAlAba ke nIceko bhUmi itanI jarakheja hai ki vahAM phaloMke bIsiyoM bagIce bana sakate haiM ! 10-12 vargamIlakA vaha tAlAba darzanIya kahA jAtA hai aura hama isa bAta ke lie lajjita haiM ki usakI yAtrA abhI taka nahIM kara ske| para isase kyA, kalpanA meM hama vahAMke bhAvI upavanoMke phaloMkA svAda cakha cuke haiN| aura unakI hajAroM TokariyAM saMyuktaprAntake niSphala jilIMko bhejakara munAfA bhI uThA cuke haiM ! jatArAke kele kalakatteke cIniyA keloMkA karIba karIba mukAbalA karate haiM, aura kuNDezvara ke amarUda khAne ke bAda ilAhAbAda se amarUda maMgAnekA vicAra hI hakane chor3a diyA hai / jaba laMgar3e grAma hamAre hI upavana meM vidyamAna haiM to zrI sampUrNAnandajI kI kAzI se unheM maMgAnekI kyA AvazyakatA hai? jaba sthAnIya nAraM giyoM meM nAgapurakA svAda A virAje to relakA mahasUla kyoM diyA jAya ? isa bhUmimeM saba kucha vidyamAna hai - hAM basa kasara hai to itanI ki "karama hIna nara pAvata nAhIM" / prAcIna aitihAsika sAmagrI---- kyA prAcIna sAhityakI dRSTise aura kyA purAtattva athavA mUrtikalA kI dRSTi se vindhya pradezakA dAna itanA mahattvapUrNa hai ki usakA mukAbalA bhArata ke bahuta hI kama prAnta kara sakeMge / mar3hakherA aura sAMcI caMderI aura devagar3ha, orachA aura datiyA, hAra aura sonAgira jaise sAMskRtika tIrthaM Apako anyatra kahAM mileMge ? Aja bhI saikar3oM-hajAroM prAcIna hastalikhita pothiyAM yahAM mila sakatI haiM aura unake anveSaNa 518
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________________ mAtRbhUmike caraNoMmeM vindhyapradezakA dAna se hamAre sAhityake eka mahatvapUrNa aMgako pUrti ho sakatI hai| isake sivA vindhyapradezameM kitane hI prAcIna sthala aise vidyamAna haiM, jahAM khudAI hone para bahuta sI aitihAsika sAmagrIkA patA lgegaa| grAma-sAhitya vindhyapradezake aneka grAma relakI lAina tathA Adhunika sabhyatAse bahuta dUra par3a gaye haiM / jahAM isase hAni huI hai vahAM kucha lAbha bhI huA hai / isa janapada ke grAma-sAhityakA jAyakA jyoM kA tyoM surakSita hai / idhara isa prAMta ke grAma-sAhitya kA jo saMgraha hamane dekhA hai, usase hameM Azcarya ke sAtha harSa bhI huA hai aura kucha IrSyA bhii| IrSyA isalie ki vrajake grAma-sAhityako hama isa prAMta ke grAma-sAhityase bahuta pichar3A huA pAte haiN| antima nirNaya to taba hogA jaba vrajake grAma-sAhityakA pUrNa saMgraha ho jAya, para abhI to hameM ImAnadArIke sAtha yaha bAta svIkAra karanI par3ego ki vindhyapradeza vrajako bahuta pIche chor3a gayA hai / kahIM-kahIM to vraja ke grAmagIta aura rasiyoMkA raMga itanA gaharA ho gayA hai ki vaha ghAsaleTakI sImA taka pahuMca gayA hai| ___muhAviroM meM to bAjI bundelIke hAtha rahatI dikhatI hai| "apane kAjai sautake ghara jAne parata" meM jo mAdhurya hai vaha "apane matalabake liye gadheko bApa banAne" ke asAMskRtika muhAviremeM kahAM rakhA hai / isa pradezakI kahAniyAM bhI apanA eka alaga svAda rakhatI haiN| zrI zivasahAyajI caturvedI dvArA saMgRhIta kahAniyoMko pAThaka 'madhukara meM par3ha hI cuke haiN| apane vrajavAsI bhAiyoMse hamArA aAgraha hai ki ve zIghrAtizIghra ukta janapadake grAma-sAhityakA saMgraha prakAzita krdeN| Adhunika sabhyatAke upakaraNoMke AkramaNa se grAmINa sAhityakI kitanI hAni ho rahI hai, isakA anumAna aba hama karate haiN| abhI usa dina prAtaHkAlameM eka grAmameM cakkI pIsato huI buDhiyAke muMhase sunA thA "sunaurI parosina guiyAM, je bAre lAlA mAnata naiyAM" usa samaya hama socane lage ki mila kI cakkiyAM khula gayI haiM aura nagarake nikaTa base hue grAmoMkI aurateM bhI aba miloM para hI ATA pisavAtI haiM, isalie aba cakkI ke gIta bhI thor3e dinake mehamAna haiM ! milakI cakkI-pUtanA bAlagopAloMke madhura urAhanoMko bhalA kaba chor3ane vAlI hai ! kRSi viSayaka anusandhAna zikSA sambandhI athavA rAjanaitika kSetra meM vindhyapradeza nikaTa bhaviSyameM koI mahAna kArya kara sakegA isakI sambhAvanA kama hI hai| vaise isa vasundharAke lie kucha bhI asambhava nahIM hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki isa samaya kisI grAmINa miDila skUla athavA kisI hAI skUla meM par3hane vAlA kSAtra Age calakara aisA nikale jo mahAna zikSA vizeSajJa athavA dezanetA kahalAve aura jise bhAratavyApI kIrti prApta ho, para hama yahAM sambhava asambhavakA tarka peza nahIM kara rahe haiM / vAstavika sthiti yaha hai ki vindhyapradeza zikSA
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha kI pragatizIla dhArA se bilkula alaga-thalaga par3A huA hai| jahAM saMyuktaprAMta meM pAMca-pAMca vizvavidyAlaya haiM vahAM isa prAMta meM kevala eka hI yAnI sAgarakA / yadi kabhI koI dUsarA vizvavidyAlaya yahAM kAyama kiyA jAya to vaha kRSi viSayaka honA cAhiye / purAne vizvavidyAlayoM kI nakala karane se koI phAyadA nahIM / kucha varSa pahale svargIya prophesara gIDIjane madhyabhArata ke lie eka vizvavidyAlaya kI yojanA banAyI thI, jisameM kRSiko vizeSa sthAna diyA gayA thA / yadi koI isa prakAra kA vizvavidyAlaya yahAM sthApita ho jAya to usake dvArA isa prAnta kA hI nahIM mAtRbhUmi kA bhI vizeSa hita ho sakatA hai / varttamAna dAna Aja bhI aneka kSetroM meM vindhyapradeza mAtRbhUmi kA mukha ujjvala kara rahA hai / guptabandhu ( kavivara maithilIzaraNajI gupta aura zrI siyArAmazaraNajI ) apanI sAhityasevA ke lie bhAratavyApI kIrti ke yogya adhikArI siddha ho cuke haiM, aura bandhuvara vRndAvanalAlajI varmA ne jo kucha likhA hai usake pIche eka dRr3ha vyaktitva, sulajhe hue dimAga tathA susaMskRta svabhAva kI manohara jhalaka vidyamAna hai / svargIya muMzI ajamerI jI kA nAma ina saba se pahale AnA cAhie thA / bar3e durbhAgya kI bAta hai ki unakI sAhityika racanAoM kA aura unase bhI bar3hakara unake madhura vyaktitva kA mUlya abhI taka grAMkA nahIM gayA / yadi unakI samasta racanAeM eka sAtha saMgraha meM prakAzita kara dI jAtIM aura unake saMsmaraNoM kI eka pustaka chapa jAtI to yaha kArya hamAre lie sambhava ho jAtA / bandhuvara gaurIzaGkarajI dvivedI, zrI kRSNAnandajI gupta, zrI nAthUrAmajI mAhaura, zrI ghAsIrAmajI vyAsa, sevakendrajI, rAmacaraNajI hayAraNa, zrI priyadarzIjI, harimohanalAla varmA, zrI caMdrabhAnu jI tathA anya bIsiyoM kAryakartAoMoM kI sAhityika sevAaiM ullekha yogya haiM / zrI vyauhAra rAjendrasiMhajI ema0 ela0 e0 isI prAnta ke haiM aura hindI ke sarvazreSTha prakAzaka zrI nAthUrAmajI premI bhI / kitane hI vyaktiyoM ke nAma yahAM chUTe jA rahe haiM, para isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki unakI racanAe~ yA sevAeM nagaNya haiM / zrImAn zrocheza ke devapuraskAra, unakI vIrendra kezava - sAhitya pariSada, samaya-samaya para diye hue unake sahRdayatApUrNa dAna tathA unake utkaTa hindI premake viSayapara likhane kI AvazyakatA nahIM / use saba jAnate hI haiM / kSamAprArthI haiM hama una kAryakartAoM se jinake nAma chUTa gaye haiN| hAM, apane nikaTastha sAhityikoM ke nAma hamane jAnabUjha kara chor3a diye haiM / haukI-- haukI ke khela meM to yaha prAnta bhArata meM hI nahIM samasta saMsAra meM apanA sAnI nahIM rakhatA / suprasiddha khilAr3I dhyAnacanda aura rUpasiMha isI prAnta ke haiM aura bhArata kI sarvazreSTha haukI TIma zrI bhagavanta * klaca to TIkamagar3ha kI hai| 520
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________________ mAtRbhUmike caraNoM meM vindhyapradezakA dAna bhinna-bhinna kSetroM meM vindhya pradeza kyA bheMTa mAtRbhUmike caraNoM meM arpita kara sakatA hai usakA saMkSipta byaurA hamane de diyA hai| hamArA karttavya-- hama logoM kA jo isa prAntake anna jalase pala rahe haiM-karttavya hai ki hama isa janapadake namaka ko adA kreN| yadi kahIM bhI isa prAntakA koI navayuvaka zikSA, sAhitya, vijJAna, vyAyAma (khelakUda ), udyoga-dhaMdhe, rAjanIti athavA samAjasudhAra, ityAdike kSetroMmeM hamArI sahAyatA yA protsAhana kI AzA kara rahA hai to apanI sevAeM namratApUrvaka arpita karanA hamArA kartavya hai| yaha bhUmikhaNDa pratIkSA kara rahA hai sarasvatIke una udAra upAsakoM kI jo mila bAMTa kara apanI suvidhAoMko bhogane ke siddhAntameM vizvAsa rakhate hoM, vaha intajAra kara rahA hai una sAdhana-sampanna vyaktiyoMko jo udyoga-dhaMdhe kholakara cAra dAne yahAM ko garIba janatAke peTameM bhI DAleM, vaha bATa joha rahA hai una bar3e bhAiyoMkI, jo chuTabhAiyoM ko protsAhana tathA preraNA dene meM apanA gaurava smjhe| hAM, isa janapada kI isa upekSita bhUmiko jarUrata hai aise AdarzavAdI netAoMkI, jo apanA tana mana dhana isa prAMtakI sevAmeM arpita karane ke lie sarvadA udyata hoN| logoM kA yaha AkSepa hai ki hamAre kAryakartAoMkA bahudhandhIpana athavA unakI saMkIrNa manovRtti isa prAntakI unnatimeM sabase bar3I bAdhA rahI hai, para hamArI samajhameM sarvottama tarIkA yahI hai ki hama kisI para AkSepa na kareM jisase hameM jo bhI sahAyatA mila sake leM aura Age bddh'eN| jo sAdhana-sampanna hote hue bhI isa prAntakI sevA karane ke lie kucha bhI nahIM karate unase adhika karuNAkA pAtra aura kauna hogA? aura dayanIya sthiti unakI bhI hai jo lakSmI aura sarasvatI donoMko eka sAtha khuza rakhane ke asaMbhava prayatnameM lage hue haiN| jisa prAntake adhikAMza nivAsI zikSAvihIna, sAdhanahIna aura jIvana kI sAdhAraNa AvazyakatAaoMke lie parAdhIna hoM, usakI sevA karanA eka mahAna yajJa hai| saubhAgyazAlI haiM ve jo yathAzakti isa yajJameM sahAyaka haiN| bhagavAnne gItAmeM kahA hai :-- "yajJaziSThAzinaH santo mucyante sarvakilviSaiH bhuMjate te tvaghaM pApA ye pacantyAtmakAraNAt" arthAt yajJase bace annako khAne vAle zreSTa puruSa saba pApoMse chUTate haiM aura jo kevala apane zarIrake poSaNake lie hI bhojana banAte haiM ve pApako hI khAte haiM / 66 521
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha isakA vyApaka artha yaha hai ki zikSA, jJAna, vijJAna, sukha, suvidhA, sAdhana, ityAdikA jo sarvasAdhAraNake sAtha mila bAMTa kara upayoga athavA upabhoga karate haiM ve hI zreSTha puruSa haiM / bhagavAnake ina zabdoMmeM vyaktiyoM tathA janapadoM aura dezoMke lie bhI sandeza chipA huA hai / yadi vindhyapradeza gauravapUrNa jIvana vyatIta karanA cAhatA hai to use apanI sarvottama bheMTa mAtRbhUmike caraNoMmeM arpita karanI hogI, aura akhila vizvake hitameM hI hamArI mAtRbhUmike mahAna dhyeyako nirantara apane sAmane rakhakara jo bhI vyakti apane kuTumba, nagara, janapada athavA dezakI sevA karatA hai vahI vastutaH jIvita hai-- bAkI saba to ghAsaphUsakI taraha uga rahe haiN| NDowan 522
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________________ girirAja vindhyAcala zrI kRSNakizora dvivedI | girirAja vindhyAcalako purANakAroMne samasta parvatoMkA mAnya kahA hai tathA usakI gaNanA sAta kula parvatoM meM kI gaI hai-- mehendro malayaH sadyaH savitamAn RkSavAnapi / vindhyazca pAriyAtrazca saptete kula parvatAH / ( mahAbhArata bhI0 pa0 a0 9 zlo0 11) isameM RkSa vindhya aura pAriyAtrako sAtha rakhanekA vizeSa kAraNa hai / apane donoM sahayogiyoMke sAhacarya meM vindhyakI sthiti itanI saundaryamayI banagayI hai ki bANake zabdoM meM use "mekhaleva bhuvaH " kahA jAya to lezamAtra bhI atizayokti nahIM hogI / himAlayakI gaganacumbI uMcAI, zubhrahimAnI rahasyamaya vAtAvaraNa aura virAT nagnatA, Azcarya aura AkarSaNa utpanna avazya karate haiM / para vindhyAcalakI viSamatA, kAmarupatA, saghana drumalatAveSTita kaMTakAkIrNa mArga, vanya pazutroMke ninAda se mukharita guhAaiM, kalakala ninAda karate svaccha jharane, paryaTakake manako eka prakArake bhaya mizrita AnaMdase abhibhUta kara dete haiN| vindhyake banoMkA saundarya bar3A hI adbhuta hai / bANane kAdambarImeM usakA kitanA sajIva varNana kiyA hai... "vindhyAcala kI aTavI pUrva evaM pazcima samudrake taTako chUtI hai, yaha madhyadezakA AbhUSaNa hai| pRthvIkI mAno mekhalA hai / usameM jaMgalo hAthiyoMke mada jalake siMcanase vRkSoM kA saMbardhana huA hai / usakI coTiyoM para atyanta praphullita sapheda phUloM ke gucche laga rahe haiM / ve UMcAI adhika hone ke kAraNa tArAgaNake samAna dIkha par3ate haiM / vahAM madamatta kurara pakSI mirca ke pattAMko kutarate haiM, hAthI ke baccoMkI sUr3oMse masale gaye tamAla ke pattoMkI sugaMdha phaila rahI hai aura madirA ke mada se lAla hue kerala (malAvAra ) kI striyoMke kapoloMke samAna komala kAMtivAle pattoM se vahAMkI bhUmi acchAdita hai, ve patte bhramaNa karatI huI vana deviyoMke pairoMke mahAvara se raMge hue se mAlUma hote haiM / vaha bhUmi totoM se kATe gaye anAroM ke rasase gIlI rahatI hai tathA kUdate phAMdate baMdaroMse hilAye gaye kozaphala vRkSoM meM se gire hue pattoM aura phUloMke kAraNa raMga viraMgI dikhAyI detI hai| dina rAta ur3atI huI phUloM kI rajase vahAMke latA maMDapa malina ho gaye haiM / ve vana lakSmIke rahaneke mahaloMke samAna mAlUma hote haiM / " 523
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki vindhyAcala bar3e bar3e jaMgaloM se yukta hai / vizAlavRkSoM evaM kusumita latAgulmoM se AcchAdita hai / usa para cAroM ora sadaiva hRSTa puSTa svarNamRga, vArAha, bhaiMse, bAgha, siMha, bandara, kharahe, bhAlU aura siyAra vicaraNa karate rahate haiM / aura vindhyake caraNoM meM laharAtI huI narmadA ! "vaha to aisI pratIta hotI hai mAno hAthI ke zarIra para zveta miTTI se rekhAeM sajAkara zraMgAra kiyA gayA ho / revA (narmadA kA jala vanya gajoMke niraMtara snAna ke kAraNa madagaMdha se surabhita rahatA hai aura usakI dhArA jambU kuMjoM meM viramatI huI dhIre dhIre bahA karatI hai / usake kachAroMmeM varSAke prArambhameM pIta harita kezaroMvAle kadamba kusumoMpara madhukara gUMjate rahate haiM / mRga prathama bAra mukulita kaMdalIko kutarA karate haiM aura bhUmikI soMdhI gaMdhako sUMghakara hAthI masta ho jAte haiM / "yahAM kA pratyeka parvata zRMga arjuna ( kavA) kI gandhase surabhita rahatA hai| zveta pAgoM aura sajala nayanoM se mayUra yahAM navIna meghakA svAgata karate haiM / " amaruka kI eka nAyikA caitakI ujalI rAtameM mAlatI gaMdha se Akula samIraNa meM priyatamakI nikaTavartinI hokara bhI apane purAne pracchanna saMketa sthala revAkI kachAra meM sthita vetasI taruke nIce jAneko bAra bAra utkaMThita ho uThatI hai / vindhyAcala saba bhAratIya parvatoMkA guru ( jyeSTha ) hai / bhUtatvavettAtroM kA mata hai ki bhAratavarSa meM vindhya arAvalI aura dakSiNakA paThAra hI sabase purAnI racanA hai| inakA vikAsa ajIba kalpa ( Azoic Age) meM pUrA ho cukA thA / uttara bhArata, aphagAnistAna, pAmIra, himAlaya aura tibbata usa samaya samudra ke andara the / khaTikA yuga ( ) ke bhUkampoMse himAlaya Adi tathA uttara bhAratIya maidAna coTiyoMpara bhI khaTikA yugake jIvoM aura DAvalA (arAvalI ) kI bhItarI caTTAnoM meM ke kucha aMza Upara uTha Aye / himAlayakI sabase U~cI vanaspatiyoM ke avazeSa pAye jAte haiM jaba ki vindhyAcala aura jIvoM kI sattAkA koI cinha nahIM milatA / prAkRtika saundarya ke atirikta vindhyAcalakA dhArmika mahatva bhI kama nahIM hai / vindhyavartI tIrthoM kI mahimA purANakAroMne muktakaMTha se gAyI hai / pArzvanAthagiri, vindhyavAsinI, narmadA, amarakaMTaka, tAmrakezvara zrAdi gaNita tIrthoMko vindhya apanI vizAla godameM Azraya de rahA hai / matsya purANa meM gaMgA, yamunA aura sarasvatI se bhI adhika narmadAkI mahimAkA guNagAna kiyA hai| " kanakhala kSetra meM gaMgA pavitra hai aura sarasvatI kurukSetra meM pavitra hai, parantu gAMva ho cAhe vana, narmadA sarvatra pavitra hai / " "yamunAkA jala eka saptAha meM, sarasvatIkA jala tIna dinameM, gaMgAjala usI kSaNa aura narmadA jala darzana mAtra se hI pavitra kara detA hai / " Age calakara amarakaMTakakI mahimAmeM kahA gayA hai - "amarakaMTaka tInoM lokoM meM vikhyAta hai / 524
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________________ girirAja vindhyAcala yaha pavitra parvata siddhoM aura gaMdhavoM dvArA sevita hai| jahAM bhagavAn zaMkara devI umAke sahita sarvadA nivAsa karate haiN| jI mahAnubhAva amarakaMTakakI pradakSiNAse hajAra yajJoMkA phala pAnemeM vizvAsa nahIM rakhate, na jinheM saundarya tRSNA hI satAtI hai, unake lie bhI vindhyakI nAnA vidha vanya tathA khanija saMpatti kama AkarSaNakI vastu nahIM hai| yahAM pAThakoMke manoraMjanArtha mahAbhAratase eka vindhyAcala saMbaMdhI anuzruti uddhRta karanekA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kara sktaa| yaha kathA agastya RSike mahAtmyake prasaGgameM lomaza RSine yudhiSThirako sunAyI thI / ...... ___ "jaba vindhya parvatane dekhA ki sUrya udaya aura astake samaya svarNamaya parvatarAja merukI pradakSiNA karate haiM taba usane sUrya se kahA.--'he sUrya ! jaise tuma pratidina merukI pradakSiNA karate ho, vaise hI hamArI bhI pradakSiNA kro|' parvatarAjake aise vacana sunakara sUrya bole-'maiM apanI icchAse thor3e hI merukI pradakSiNA karatA hUM, jinhoMne yaha jagat banAyA hai, unhoMne merA yaha mArga nizcita kara diyA hai / ' sUrya ke aise vacana sunakara vindhyako atyanta krodha huA aura sUrya tathA candramAke mArgako rokane kI icchAse vaha apane ko UMcA uThAne lagA yaha dekha devagaNa taba eka sAtha usake pAsa Aye aura use isa kAryase rokane lage, parantu usane eka na sunI, taba saba devagaNa, tapasvI aura dharmAtmAoM meM zreSTha agastya RSike aAzramameM pahuMce aura unheM apanA abhiprAya kaha sunAyA--'he dvijottama ! parvatarAja vindhya krodhake vazavartI hokara sUrya, candra aura nakSatroMke mArgako rokanA cAhate haiM / he mahAbhAga, Apake sivA unheM aura koI nahIM roka sakatA, isalie kRpAkara unheM rokiye|' devatAoMke vacana sunakara agasyane apanI patnI lopAmudrAko sAtha liyA aura vindhyake nikaTa pahuMce / unake svAgatake lie vindhya unake nikaTa upasthita huaA taba RSine vindhyase kahA---'he girizreSTha. hama vizeSa kAryase dakSiNa jAnA cAhate haiM, isalie mujhe jAne ke lie mArga do aura jaba taka hama lauTa na AyeM taba taka aise hI pratIkSA karate raho, jaba maiM AjAU, taba tuma icchAnusAra apaneko bddh'aanaa|' isa prakAra bacana dekara agatya dakSiNako cale gaye phira vahAMse lauTe nahIM aura becArA vidhya aba taka zira jhukAye unakI bATa joha rahA hai|" ___yaha kathA prAcIna kAlase hI kAphI prasiddha rahI hai, kAlidAsane bhI raghuvaMzameM "vindhyasya saMstaMbhayitA mahAdreH' kaha kara isI kathAkI aora saMketa kiyA hai, devI bhAgavatakArane bhI use uddhRta kiyA hai yadyapi zrotAoMkA khyAla karake namaka mircakA puTa bhI usameM de diyA hai| isa kathAkA abhiprAya kyA 525
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________________ - abhinandana grantha hai yaha to ThIka nahIM kahA jA sakatA, para saMbhava hai "kRNudhvaM vizvamAryam" athavA saca kaheM to 'Aryamayam' ke uddezyako pUrA karaneke lie utsuka AryaMjanoMne dakSiNa dezakI durgamatAkI thAha lene ke vicAra se jo prayatna kiye the, unhIMkA citraNa isa kathAmeM kiyA gayA ho / jo ho, vindhyAcala sacamuca bhAratakA pitAmaha hai / isa pRthvI ke lAkhoM karor3oM varSa ke AloDana saMgharSaNa - parivartana usane apanI AMkhoM se dekhe haiM, ajIva kalpa maunadRSTA rahA hai aura sajIva kalpakai gagana cumbI vRkSoM, vanakevala usane apane netroM se dekhA hI hai, unheM goda meM bhI viloDana aura isa jagat ke jAne kitane kI lAkhoM varSoM kI virATa zUnyatAkA vaha spatiyoM tathA dAnavAkAra vanya jantuoM ko na khilAyA hai| khaTikA yuga ke kitane bhIma bhayaMkara bhUkaMpa uThA / dharaNIke kitane rUpa parivartana, kitane mahAsAgaroMkA anta aura kitanI sthaliyoMke udbhavako usane kautuka ke sAtha dekhA hai / zrAjake zailarATa himAlaya ko abhI usa dina saurIgRhameM dekha vaha muskarAyA thA aura aba usa kalake zizu himAlayako AsamAna se bAteM karate dekha vaha agastya ke lauTane kI pratIkSA meM dakSiNakI ora bAra bAra dekhane lagatA hai, para hAya ! "adyApi dakSiNoddezAt vAruNina nivartate" ( Aja bhI agastya dakSiNa se lauTate dikhAyI nahIM dete ) | mAnava ke nAma ke isa vicitra prANIko astitva meM Ate aura cAroM ora phailate usane dekhA hai, kitane garvoddhata vijetA kI adamya lipsAe usakI chAtIko rauMdatI huI calI gayI haiM, aura kitane hatadarpa parantu svAbhimAnI parAjitoMne prANoMkI bAjI lagA kara usa lipsA ke dAMta tor3anekA mahodyama kiyA hai, isakA sArA lekhA jokhA usake pAsa hai hamArA bundelakhaMDa isa vRddha pitAmahakI jagaha meM baiTha kara zata zata sneha nirjhariyoM se abhiSikta hokara garvita hai, aura usakI caTTAnoMko tor3aphor3a kara uchalatI kUdatI narmadA to mAno yuga yugakI anubhUtikI vANI sI apanI vanyA se cuppI ke kagAroMko tor3atI huI hRdayake atala gaMbhIra deza se bahatI calI AtI hai ! he purAtana girizreSTha ! zailarAja himAlayake he jyeSTha bandhu !! tumheM koTi koTi praNAma / 526
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________________ khajurAhAka khaMDahara zrI ambikA prasAda divya, ema0 e0 khajurAhA bundelakhaNDa ke aMtargata chatarapura rAjyameM, ekAnta jaMgalameM basA mutrA eka choTA sA grAma hai, jisameM adhikase adhika do tIna sau ghara hoMge / parantu yaha choTA sA grAma kisI samaya candela rAjAoM ko rAjadhAnI thaa| isameM unake samaya ke kucha khaMDahara Aja bhI khar3e haiN| hana khaMDaharoMko dekhakara candeloMkI samRddhi tathA vaibhava ke jaise vizAla citra hamArI kalpanAmeM Ate haiM vaise Aja bundelakhaNDa meM kahIM bhI dekhaneko nahIM milte| ataH candeloMke viSaya meM kucha jAnanekI eka sahaja jijJAsA hamAre hRdayameM jAga uThatI hai| candeloMkA rAjya jaisA ki prAcIna zilAlekhoMse patA calatA hai, navIM zatAbdI se 13 vIM zatAbdI taka rahA / inhoMne apaneko candella yA candrela kahA hai aura candrAtreya munikA vaMzaja batalAyA hai / candrAtreya munikA janna brahmAndra muni athavA brahmAse hazrA kahA jAtA hai| candrAtreyake vaMzameM aneka rAjAoMko paramparAmeM eka nannukakA janma huaa| nannukane 831 I. ke lagabhaga candela vaMzakI nIMva ddaalii| Age calakara isa vaMzameM ekase eka pratApI tathA zaktizAlI rAjA hue / unakI sUcI isa prakAra hai-- nannuka, vAkyapati, jayazakti, rohita, harSa, yazovarmana, dhaMga, gaMDa, vidyAdhara, vijayapAla, kIrtivarmana, devavarmana, sallakSaNavarmana, jayavarmana, pRthvIvarmadeva, paramAdideva tathA trailokya varmadeva / inameM se jayazakti, harSa, yazovarmana, dhaMga, gaMDa tathA vidyAdhara ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM, kyoMki inake samayameM khajurAhAkI vizeSa unnati huii| jayazakti aura vijayazakti do bhAI the| mahovAmeM jo eka zilA lekha milA hai, usameM inhe jejA aura bejA karake likhA hai| jayazaktiko jejaka aura vijaya zaktiko vijaka bhI kahA gayA hai| uparokta zilA lekhase jJAta hotA hai ki jejakake kAraNa hI isa prAntakA jise Aja bundelakhaNDa kahate haiM, 'jejAka bhukti' nAma pdd'aa| yahI nAma Age calakara jujhopa mAtra raha gyaa| harSa-yaha isa vaMza kA chaTA zAsaka thaa| isane apane rAjyako kannaujake pratihAroMkI parAdhInatAse chur3Akara svataMtra ghoSita kiyA, kannaujake rAjA kSitipAla devako bhI rASTrakUTa vaMzake rAjA indra tRtIyake cugulase chudd'aayaa| 527
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha yazovarmana- -yaha harSakA hI putra thA, kahIM kahIM ise lakSaNavarmana bhI kahA hai, yaha apane pitA ke samAna hI zaktizAlI tathA pratApI huA / yaha apane vaMzakA sAtavAM rAjA thA aura 630 I0 meM siMhAsanArUr3a huzrA / yaha bar3A hI mahattvAkAMkSI tathA yuddha priya thA / usane cedike kalacuriyoMko harAkara kAliMjara jIta liyA aura apane rAjya meM milA diyA / kannauja ke zAsakakA bhI mAnamardana kiyA tathA narmadA se lekara himAlaya taka apanA AtaMka jamAyA / dhaMga --yaha isa vaMzakA sabase vikhyAta rAjA huyA / yaha yazovarmanakA putra thA / dhaMga zabdakA artha hai bar3A kAlA bhauMrA, saMbhava hai, yaha nAma ise kisI guNa vizeSake kAraNa hI diyA gayA ho| isane apane rAjya ko pUrvameM kAliMjarase lekara pazcimameM gvAliyara taka aura dakSiNa meM vetavAse lekara uttara meM yamunA taka phailAyA / yaha vahI suprakhyAta dhaMga thA jisane gajanI ke sulatAna subuktagInakA mukAbalA karaneko paMjAba ke rAjA jayapAlako sahAyatA dI thii| isane gurjara pratihAroMse apane rAjyako pUrNarUpa se svataMtra kara liyA | yaha sau varSase bhI adhika jIvita rahA, aura gaGgA yamunAke kinAre jAkara apanA zarIra tyAga kiyA / gaMDa- yaha baMgakA putra thA aura apane pitA ke samAna hI pratApI huaa| gaMDa zabdakA artha hai vIra ! isake vIra hone meM koI sandeha nahIM thA / isane lAhaura ke rAjA jayapAla ke putra nandapAla kI mahamUda gajanavI ke viruddha sahAyatA kI parantu bhAgyane sAtha na diyA / vidyAdhara- ise vIdA bhI kahA gayA / yaha gaMDakA putra thA / yaha bhI apane pUrvajoMke samAna hI pratApI tathA zaktizAlI huA / kannauja ke rAjA rAjyapAlane mahamUda gajanavIkI parAdhInatA mAnakara jo AtmaglAni uThAyI thI vaha isase na dekhI gayI / usane rAjyapAla ko prANadaMDa de mahamUdako cunautI dI aura use do bAra harAyA / anta meM kAlijarake sthAna para donoM meM sulaha ho gayI / vIdAne kahA jAtA hai, bhASA meM eka kavitA likhakara mahamUda ke pAsa bhijavAyI thI / use mahamUdane bahuta pasanda kiyA tathA phArasa ke vidvAnoM ko dikhAyA | vIdAko badhAI bhejI tathA 15 dugako zAsana bhI use sauMpa diyA / bhASA ( hiMdI ) kI kavitA ke viSaya meM musalamAnI pustakoM meM yaha sabase purAnA ullekha hai / ina zAsakoMkI dekha-rekha meM khajurAhAne jo gaurava tathA vaibhava prApta kiyA vaha bundelakhaMDa kI kisI bhI riyAsata kI rAjadhAnIko prApta nahIM / prAcIna zilAlekhoM meM isakA nAma kharjUrapUra yA kharjUra vAhaka milatA hai / kahA jAtA hai ki isake siMhadvAra para khajUra ke do svarNa vRkSa banAye gaye the aura isI kAraNa isakA nAma kharjUrapura yA kharjUra vAhaka par3A thA / yaha bhI anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki yahAM khajUra vRkSakI paidAvAra adhika rahI hogI / isakA prAcInatama ullekha grIka vidvAna TAlamIke bhAratake bhUgola varNana meM milatA hai| usane bundela khaMDakAvarNana sundarAvatIke nAmase kiyA hai aura Temasisa, kursIniyA yamapleTarA tathA nabunanda nagara, ityAdi 528
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________________ khajurAhAke khaMDahara nagaroMkA ullekha kiyA hai / Temasisase kAliMjarakA bodha hotA hai jo ki bundelakhaMDake antargata hI hai / vaidika sAhityameM kAliMjarako tApasa sthAna kahA hai aura isa tApasa zabdase hI Temasisa banA huA pratIta hotA hai| isI taraha kurponidhi bhI khajurAhAkA rUpAntara pratIta hotA hai jisake pramANa bhI milate haiM / ___TAlamIke pazcAt cInI yAtrI huenazAMgane bhI apane bhArata-yAtrA varNanameM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| huenazAMgane 630-43I0 ke bIca bhAratakA bhramaNa kiyA thaa| usane bundelakhaMDakA jise usa samaya jejAkabhukti kahate the cIceTa karake varNana kiyA hai aura usakI rAjadhAnI khajurAhA batalAyI hai / khajurAhA nagarakA gherA usane 16 klI arthAt ar3hAI mIlase kucha adhika batalAyA hai| usane yahAMkI paidAvArakA bhI jikra kiyA hai / yaha bhI likhA hai ki yahAMke nivAsI adhikatara abauddha haiM / yadyapi yahAM darjanoM bauddha bihAra haiM taba bhI bauddha loga bahuta kama saMkhyAmeM haiM / mandira jaba ki brAhmaNa palate haiM / yahAMkA rAjA bhI brAhmaNa hai parantu vaha bauddha-dharmameM bahuta zraddhA rakhatA hai / haenazAMgake pazcAt khajurAhAkA ullekha mahamUda gajanavIke sAthI pAbUrihAke yAtrA varNanameM milatA hai| AbUrihA yahAM san 1022 meM AyA thA / usane khajurAhAkA nAma kajurAhA karake likhA hai aura use jujhotakI rAjadhAnI likhA hai / zrAvarihAke pazcAt san 1315 ke lagabhaga ibnabatUtA yahAM AyA / usane khajurAhAkA nAma khajurA likhA hai| yahAM ke eka tAlAbakA bhI ullekha kiyA hai jisako usane eka mIla lambA batalAyA hai| vaha likhatA hai ki isa tAlAbake kinAre kitane hI mandira bane hue haiM jinameM jaTAdhArI yogI rahate haiM / upavAsoM ke kAraNa unakA raMga pIlA par3a rahA hai| bahutase musalamAna bhI unakI sevA karate haiM aura unase yogavidyA sIkhate haiN| ina videzI yAtriyoMke ullekhoMke atirikta candela vaMzake rAjakavi candake mahobAkhaMDa nAmaka kAvya granthameM bhI khajurAhAkA acchA varNana milatA hai / smaraNa rahe ki yaha canda pRthvIrAjarAsoke lekhaka candabaradAIse pRthaka the / candela kaTTara vaidika the aura zaivamatake anunAyI the / zivakI bhAryA maniyAdevI inakI kuladevI thii| candeloMke sampUrNa rAjyameM maniyAdevI kI bar3I Avabhagatase pUjA hotI thii| taba bhI candela dasare matoMke virodhI na the| ve jaina tathA bauddhamatameM bhI zraddhA rakhate the| inakA Adi sthAna maniyAgar3ha thA jo Aja bhI kena nadIke kinAre para rAjagar3hake samIpa eka pahAr3Ipara khar3A huA hai| kahA jAtA hai, inhoMne parahAra yA pratihAroMse rAjya chInA thA jinakI rAjadhAnI maUsahaniyAM thii| maUsahaniyAM bhI nayAgAMva aura chatarake bIcameM Aja bhI khar3I hai / uttarIbhAratake samrATa harSavardhanakI mRtyuke pazcAt inhoMne apanA rAjya isa sAre bhUkhaMDameM, jise Aja bundelakhaMDa kahate haiM, phailA liyA / 529
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________________ varNI- abhinandana-grantha kahA jAtA hai ki inake pUrvapuruSa candrabrahmakA janma khajurAhA hI meM huA thaa| candrabrahmakI mAM kAzIse AyI thI aura unhoMne karNavato arthAt kena nadIke kinAre jo ki khajurAhAse kucha hI dUrase nikalI hai, tapa kiyA thaa| tapake phalasvarUpa inake candrabrahmakA janma huA / jaba candrabrahma solaha varSa ke hue to inakI mAM ne bhAMDavayajJa krvaayaa| isa yajJake liye 84 vediyAM banAyI gayI thIM aura kueM meM bharakara mhaTake dvArA vaidiyoM taka niraMtara dhI pahuMcAyA gayA / ghI pahuMcAne ke lie pattharakI jo paranAliyAM banAyI gayI thIM, ve aba bhI khajurAhAmeM par3I haiM / ina vediyoM para bAdameM 84 vizAlakAya mandira banavAye gaye / ina mandiroM se kucha aba bhI khar3e haiM / khajurAhAke khaMDaharoM meM yahI vizeSa haiM aura inake kAraNa hI khajurAhA Aja bhI suprakhyAta hai aura hamAre lie darzana tathA adhyayanako cIja banA huA hai| ina mandiroMko khajurAhAkA bolatA huA itihAsa kaheM to atyukti nahIM hogii| pattharase inake samayake rahana-sahana, AcAra-vicAra, rIti-rivAja naitika tathA dhArmika jIvana, sabhIke ubhare hue citra dUra hI se bolate hue se dikhAI par3ate the| ye mandira kitane vizAla kitane bhavya tathA kalApUrNa hai kahate nahIM bntaa| inake viSayameM svayaM purAtattva vibhAgakI riporTa meM likhA hai| In beauty of out-line and richness of carving the temples of Khajuraha are unsurpassed by any kindred group of monument in India. kheda hai ki caurAsI mandiroMmeMse kevala tIsa paiMtIsa mandira hI zeSa raha gaye haiM / anya yA to kAlakI gatise svayaM hI yA musalamAna zAsakoMke prahAroMse dharAzAyI ho gaye / jaba khajurAhAke ye khaMDahara hamako AzcaryameM DAlate haiM, taba khajurAhA jaba apanI pUrNa yauvanAvasthAmeM rahA hogA, usa samaya use dekhakara hamAre kyA vicAra hote, isako hama kalpanA bhI nahIM kara skte| ye mandira bhuvanezvarake suprasiddha mandiroM kI iNDoAryana paddhati para bane haiM aura eka eka mandirameM choTI bar3I itanI adhika mUrtiyAM haiM ki unakA ginanA bhI kaThina hai / ye sabhI mandira prAkRti aura banAvaTameM prAyaH eka se hI haiM aura eka hI matake pratIkase jJAta hote haiN| kaI mandira inameM se paMcAyatana zailIke haiM aura pUrNatayA vaidika zilpa zAstrake anukUla haiM / samasta mandira tIna samUhoMmeM vibhakta kiye jA sakate haiM-pazcimI samUha, pUrvI samUha tathA dakSiNI samUha / pazcimI samUha vizeSa darzanIya hai / inameM nIce likhe mandira vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM / pazcimake mandira causaTha yoganiyoMkA mandira-yaha mandira zivasAgara nAmakI jhIla ke uttara pUrva eka UMce TIle para sthita hai / mandira to dharAzAyI ho cukA hai, aba usakA bhagnAvazeSa mAtra hai| isameM kahA jAtA hai, bhagavati caNDikA devIkI tathA unakI dAsI 64 yoganiyoMkI vizAla mUrtiyAM pRthaka-pRthaka khAnoMmeM sthApita thiiN| 530
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________________ khajurAhAke khaMDahara parantu aba ve sabakI saba lApatA haiM / kevala khAne khAlI par3e hue dikhalAyI dete haiM / hAM eka bar3e khAnemeM tIna mUrtiyAM par3I haiM, unase yaha bAta siddha hotI hai ki yaha mandira 64 yoganiyoMkA hI thA / ina mUrtiyoM meM se eka mahiSA-mardinIkI hai, dUsarI mahezvarI tathA tIsarI brhmaanniikii| kahA jAtA hai khajurAhAke mandiromeM yaha mandira sabase adhika prAcIna hai| kandariyA mandira- yaha mandira causaTha yoganiyoMke mandirase kucha hI dUrI para uttarakI aora sthita hai / yaha khajurAhAke sabhI mandiroMse vizAla aura bhavya hai| yaha IsAkI 10 vIM zatAbdIkA banA huA hai| pahale paMcAyatana zailIkA thA, parantu cAroM kone ke sahAyaka mandiroMkA aba nAma nizAna bhI nahIM / yaha bAhara bhItara, devI devatAoM tathA apsarAtroMkI vibhinna mUrtiyoMse AcchAdita hai| devI jagadambAkA mandira-yaha bhI uparokta mandirake samIpa hI hai aura usI zailIkA banA huA thA; parantu isake bhI sahAyaka mandiroMkA aba patA nhiiN| isakI sajAvaTa bhI kandariyA mandirake samAna hI kalApUrNa tathA darzanIya hai| yaha mandira pahale viSNu bhagavAnkI sthApanAke lie banavAyA gayA thaa| parantu Aja viSNuke sthAna para unako adhAMginI zrI lakSmIjI kI mUrti sthApita hai jise loga ajJAna vaza kAlI athavA devI jagadambAke nAmase pUjate haiM / citraguptakA mandira--yaha jagadambAke mandirase kucha hI dUrIpara uttarakI aora sthita hai / zrAkAra prakArameM bhI uparokta mandirake samAna hI hai| isake garbhamandirameM sUrya kI eka pAMca phITa UMcI mUrti sthApita hai| vizvanAtha mandira-yaha mandira bhI citraguptake mandira ke samIpa hI hai / yadyapi yaha kandariyA mandirase kucha choTA hai parantu rUpa rekhAmeM usIke samAna haiM / yaha bhI paMcAyatana zailIkA banA huA thA; parantu sahAyaka mandiroMmeM se do lApatA hai| isakI sajAvaTa bhI anya mandiroMke samAna hI kalApUrNa hai| isake maMDapake andara do zilAlekha khude hue haiN| eka vikrama samvata 1056 kA hai dUsarA 1058 kA / 1056 ke zilAlekhameM nannukase lekara dhaMga taka candela rAjAoMkI nAmAvalI dI gayI hai| isI lekhase patA calatA hai ki yaha mandira dhaMgakA banavAyA huA thA, aura isameM, hare maNikA zivaliMga sthApita kiyA gayA thA, parantu aba usa zivaliMgakA patA nhiiN| dUsarA zilAlekha kisI anya mandirake DhIhe se lAkara rakha diyA gayA hai, jise vaidyanAthakA mandira kahate haiM / lakSmaNajIkA mandira-yaha bhI samIpa hI hai aura AkAra prakArameM vizvanAthake mandirake samAna hI hai / yaha bhI paMcAyatana zailIkA banA huA hai| saubhAgyase isake cAroM sahAyaka mandira aba bhI khar3e haiN| isakI mUrtiyAM vizeSa sundara aura kalApUrNa haiN| isake maMDapake andara bhI eka zilAlekha par3A hai jisase patA calatA hai ki yaha dhaMgake pitA yazovarmanakA banavAyA huA thaa| isake andara viSNukI jo mUrti 531
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha sthApita hai vaha kannaujake rAjA devapAlase prApta kI gayI thI, jise yazovarmanake pitA harSadevane harAyA thA / maMgalezvarakA mandira-yaha lakSmaNajIke mandirake bagala meM dakSiNakI aora sthita hai / isameM eka vizAla zivaliMga sthApita hai, jisakI Aja bhI bar3I zraddhA aura bhaktise pUjA hotI hai| isa mandirameM kalAkI koI vizeSa cIja darzanIya nhiiN| isa samUhameM aura bhI kaI choTe-choTe mandira haiM parantu vizeSa ullekhanIya nahIM haiN| pUrvI samUha yaha samUha khajurAhA grAmake ati sannikaTa hai| isameM tIna vaidika mandira haiM tathA tIna jaina mandira / vaidika mandiroM meM brahmA, vAmana, tathA jAvArIke mandira haiN| isake atirikta hanumAnajI kI eka bahuta vizAla mUrti hai| isa mUrtikI pIr3hIke nIce eka choTA sA lekha hai jisameM harSa samvat 316 par3A hai jo 922 I0 ke barAbara hotA hai| khajurAhAke abataka mile hue zilAlekhoM meM yaha sabase prAcIna zilAlekha hai| sallakSaNavarmanane jisakA ki nAma candela vaMzAvalImeM diyA jA cukA hai, pahalI hI bAra apane tAMbeke dravyoMmeM hanumAnajI kI mUrti aMkita karAyI thii| isase pahale hanumAnajI kI koI svataMtra mUrti bhAratIya kalAmeM nahIM miltii| ataH hanumAnajI kI mUrtike pracArakA zreya candeloMko hI hai| brahmAkA mandira- yaha mandira khajurAhA sAgarake tIrapara sthita hai tathA navIM aura daravIM zatAbdIke bIcakA banA huA hai / isameM jo mUrti sthApita hai vaha zivakI hai, parantu logoMne use brahmAkI mUrti samajha rakkhA hai| isakI bhI kalA uccakoTi kI hai| vAmana mandira-yaha brahmAke mandirase eka phaloMga uttara pUrvakI aora banA huA hai / yaha rUpa rekhAmeM jagadambA tathA citragumake mandirake samAna hai, parantu una donoMse kahIM adhika vizAla hai / isake andara vAmana bhagavAnkI cAra phITa ATha iMca UMcI eka sundara mUrti sthApita hai| jApArI mandira --yaha khajurAhA grAmake samIpa khetoMke bIcameM sthita hai| anya mandiroMkI apekSA yadyapi kucha choTA hai parantu kalAkauzalameM kama nahIM / isake andara viSNu bhagavAnkI caturbhujI mUrti sthApita hai / yaha dasavIM zatAbdIkA banA huA hai| jaina mandiroMmeM ghaMTAI, AdinAtha, tathA pArasanAthake mandira haiN| ghaMTAI madira-yaha khajurAhA grAmake dakSiNa pUrvakI ora hai / isake stambhoMmeM ghaMTiyoMkI dela banI huI hai / ataH ise ghaMTAI mandira kahate haiM / isakA bhI kalA kauzala dekhane yogya hai / AdinAtha mandira--yaha ghaMTAI mandirake hAte ke andara hI dakSiNa uttarakI ora sthita hai| yaha bhI dekhane yogya hai| isameM jo mUrti sthApita thI vaha lApatA hai| pArasanAtha mandira-jaina mandiroM meM yaha sabase vizAla hai / isameM pahale vRSabhanAthakI mUrti sthApita thI parantu aba usa mUrtikA patA nahIM hai / usake sthAna para pArasanAthakI mUrti sthApita kara dI gayI 532
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________________ khajurAhAke khaMDahara / isa mandirakI sajAvaTameM vaidika mUrtiyAM bhI banAyI gayI haiM / aura yaha cIja dekhane yogya haiM | yaha mandira 945 I0 ke lagabhagakA banA huA hai| isake pAsa hI eka zAntinAthakA mandira hai / dakSiNa samUhameM do hI mandira haiM -- eka dUlhAdevakA tathA dUsarA jatakArI kA dUlhAdevakA mandira - khajurAha ke mandiroMmeM yaha mandira sabase sundara mAnA jAtA hai / ise nIlakaMThakA mandira bhI kahate haiM / yaha dUlhAdevakA mandira kyoM kahalAyA ? kahA jAtA hai ki eka bArAta isake samIpase gujara rahI thI / acAnaka hI dUlhA pAlakI parase gira par3A aura mara gayA / vaha bhUta huA aura usI samaya se yaha mandira dUlhAdevakA mandira kahA jAne lagA / jatakAro mandira - ra-- yaha mandira jatakArI grAmase karIba tIna phaloMgakI dUrIpara dakSiNakI ora hai| isameM viSNukI eka vizAla mUrti jo nau phoTa UMcI hai, sthApita hai | ina mandiroM ke atirikta aura bhI kaI choTe choTe mandira tathA anya imAratoMke khaMDahara par3e haiM, jinameM pratyeka ke pIche usa bhavya atIta yugakA mahattvapUrNa itihAsa chipA huA hai 1 ina mandiroMke zilpa aura sthApatya kalA ke atirikta mUrtiyoM ke viSaya bhI vizeSa adhyayana ke yogya hai| yahAM jIvanakI aneka jhAMkiyoMke sAtha zRMgArako hI vizeSa sthAna diyA gayA hai aura zRMgAra kI mUrtiyAM hI hamArI AMkhako sabase pahale AkRSTa karatI haiN| devI devatAoM kI saumya mUrtiyAM to inake sAmane daba hI jAtI haiN| inameM kokakI aneka kalAoM kA khulakara pradarzana kiyA gayA hai| zlIla aura azlIlakI usa samaya kyA paribhASA rahI hogI kucha kahA nahIM jA sakatA / kucha mukhase yaha bhI bAta sunane ko milatI haiM ki isa prakArakI nagna aura azlIla mUrtiyoM ke sthApanase imAratoM para bijalI nahIM giratI 1 kucha ise vAma mArgiyoM kA khela batAte haiM / jo ho, yaha kArIgarI Aja hamAre kautUhala tathA adhyayanakI cIja banI huI hai / usa samaya puruSake hRdaya meM strIkA kaisA rUpa samAyA huA thA, strIkA samAjameM apanA kyA sthAna thA, unake naitika jIvanakI kyA paribhASA thI, tathA usake nArItvake mAnarakSAkI kyA prAyojanA thI, ye saba bAteM hamAre sAmane prakaTa ho jAtI haiM / khajurAhAkI striyAM apAra suMdarI, acala yauvana zRMgAra priyA tathA anaMgopAsikA hai| ve na kSINa kAya haiM na sthUla / unakI zarIra racanA svastha aura suDaula hai / unake aMga pratyaMga eka vizeSa sAMce meM Dhale hue se pratIta hote haiM / ve eka nizcita zAstra ke anukUla banAye gaye haiM, prakRti jaisI aniyamitatA unameM nahIM / unakI kuTiyAM dhanuSAkAra kAnoM taka khiMcI huI rekhAeM mAtra haiM / unakI zrAMkhoM meM yauvana anaMga aura kaTAkSa haiM / ve rUpagarvitAke samAna sadA apane hI rUpako dekhatI aura samhAlanI huI sI pratIta hotI haiN| unakI antarataraMge 533
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha zRMgAra ke dvArA prApta kisI naisargika aAnandakI aora unmukha haiM / unakI mudrAoM tathA bhAvabhaMgiyoMmeM karkaSatA, kaThoratA tathA krodhako kahIM bhI sthAna nahIM hai / striyocita komala lajjA avazya unake mukhoM para dikhatI hai / aura yahI khajurAhAke kArIgarake hRdayameM strItvakA sammAna hai| unakI nAsikA, ThuDDI tathA kapAla ityAdi bhI kisI vizeSa aAdarzake anukUla banAye gaye haiM / uroja zarIrameM itane pramukha aura unnata tathA gurutara haiM ki unakA bhAra samhAlanA bhI striyoMko kaThina sA pratIta hotA jJAta ho rahA hai| isa bhAvake abhivyaMjanameM kArIgarane jo kauzala dikhalAyA hai, vaha dekhate hI banatA hai| usake saundaryakI kalpanA prAcIna hone para bhI zrAja arvAcIna sI jJAta hotI hai| ___khajurAhAkI ramaNiyoMkA zRgAra bhI unake saundarya ke anurUpa hai, kalpita nahIM / usake kucha parivartita rUpa Aja bhI bundelakhaMDameM pracalita haiM, parantu usa samayakI sI zRMgArapriyatA strI samAjameM aba dekhaneko nahIM milatI / usa samaya eka eka aMgake aneka aneka alaMkAra mUrtiyoMke aMgoMpara dikhalAyI par3ate haiM / veNI bAMdhaneke hI kitane DhaMga usa samaya pracalita the, dekhane yogya haiM / mAlUma nahIM, Aja ve DhaMga kyoM lupta ho gaye aura striyAM apanI veSa bhUSAkI zrorase kyoM itanI udAsIna ho gayauM ! veNI bandhanameM bhI kitanI kalA ho sakatI hai, yaha khajurAhAse sIkhanA cAhie / sirake pratyeka alaMkArakA to aAja nAma bhI DhuMDha nikAlanA kaThina hai / taba bhI jhUlA, zIzaphUla, bIja, dAvanI, ityAdi jo Aja bhI buMdelakhaMDameM pracalita haiM, pahacAne jA sakate haiM / mastakapara biMdI denekI sambhavataH usa samaya prathA hI nahIM thii| bindIkA cihna kisI bhI mUrti para aMkita nahIM miltaa| nAkakA bhI koI bhUSaNa dikhalAI nahIM par3atA / kAnoMmeM prAyaH eka hI prakArakA bhUSaNa jise DhAla kahate haiM, milatA hai / gale meM lallarI, motiyoMkI mAlA, khaMgoriyA. hAra, hamela, tathA aura bhI kucha aise gahane dekhaneko milate haiM jinheM pahacAna sakanA kaThina hai / bAjuoM meM bajulle, baTuvA, josana, TAMDe tathA aura bhI kaI gahane dIkhapar3ate haiN| kalAiyoMmeM vagamuhe, cUr3e kaMkar3a tathA dUharI hI prAyaH milatI haiN| kaTimeM sAMkara pahananekI kucha vizeSa prathA raho hai / isakA banAva aAja kalake banAvase kucha vizeSa acchA dikhAyI par3atA hai| usakI jhAlareM prAyaH ghuTanoM taka jhUlatI najara AtI haiN| __ pairoMke prati khajurAhAkA kArIgara kucha udAsIna sA pratIta hotA hai / pairoMmeM kevala paijene yA kar3e sA koI gahanA dikhAyI detA hai| khajurAhAkI striyoMmeM vastroMkA vyavahAra bahuta hI parimita hai| kaTike nIce hI dhotI pahananekI prathA thii| sira para use nahIM aodA jAtA thaa| uttarIyakA bhI patA nahIM cltaa| vakSa para kaMcukI avazya dRSTigocara hotI hai / sInA khulA rakhanemeM khajurAhAkI striyAM lajAkA anubhava nahIM karatI dIkhatIM / sirakA DhAMkanA to ve jAnatI hI nahIM thiiN| rupa aura zRMgArake sAtha khajurAhAkI striyoMkI bhAvabhaMgI tathA aMgapratyaMgakI vicitra mudrAeM
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________________ khajurAhAke khaMDahara dekhate hI banatI hai / aMga pratyaMgameM kalAkArane kaisI kaisI kalpanA kI hai yaha adhyayanakI cIja hai / strIke khar3e honemeM, baiThanemeM calane phiranemeM, samImeM eka vizeSa saundarya kI yojanA hai / usake pratyeka hAvabhAvameM komalatA, kriyA vidagdhatA aura kaTAkSa vartamAn hai / pratyeka hAvabhAvameM uMgaliyAM aura aAMkheM vizeSa kriyAzIla haiM / pratyeka uGgalIkA kucha niyata kAma sA pratIta hotA hai, jaise candana lagAne meM peMtIkA hI prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| sone aora nitambameM khajurAhAkA kalAkAra saundarya kA vizeSa anubhava karatA hai| pratyeka mudrAmeM sIne aura nitamboM kI usane pradhAnatA dI hai| nitamba bhAgako sAmane lAneke lie usane zarIrako itanA maror3a diyA hai ki kahIM kahIM para vaha prakRtike bhI viparIta ho gayA hai| kaTi itanI komala aura lacolI hai ki vaha yauvanake bhArako samhAla hI nahIM sakatI / aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki khajurAhAkA kalAkAra bhaddepana yA gaMvArupanako jAnatA hI nahIM thaa| puruSake lie khajurAhAkI striyAM usakI viSaya pipAsAko sAdhikA mAtra haiN| kalAkArane apanI vAsanA maya bhAvanAoMko itanA khulakara abhivyakta kiyA hai ki strI kI sahaja lajAkA bhI use dhyAna nahIM rahA / usane strIko puruSoM se bhI adhika kAmuka aura viSayatRSita darzAyA hai| vahI prema aura prasaMgake vyApArameM agrasara aura puruSase bhI adhika Ananda letI huI pratIta hotI haiM / Anandodre kameM vaha puruSameM samA jAnA cAhatI hai| puruSakI marajIpara vaha itano jhuka gayI hai ki usake andara haDDiyoM kA bhI astitva jJAta nahIM hotA / vaha apanI pratyeka avasthAmeM puruSako rijhAnekA SaDyantra sA hI karatI najara AtI hai / kahIM vaha veNI samhAla rahI hai, kahIM aAMkha meM aMjana de rahI hai, kahIM aMgar3AI le rahI hai, kahIM AbhUSaNoM ko pahana rahI hai, kahIM pairase kAMTA nikAla rahI hai / vaha apane antaHpurameM hai aura yauvanakI uttAla taraMgoMse khulakara khela rahI hai, para usakI saba taiyArI nepathyameM sajate hue pAtrake samAna kisI vizeSa abhinayake lie hI hai / hA~, usakI pratyeka mudrAmeM ananta yauvana, viSaya pipAsA aura svAsthya kI chApa hai / ___ khajurAhA kA puruSa lampaTa aura vyabhicArI nhiiN| vaha prema aura strIprasaMga ko eka pavitra yajJa sA samajhatA huA pratIta hotA hai / usake pIche bhI eka dhArmika bhAvanA antarnihita sI jJAta hotI hai / usakA hRdaya zuddha hai tathA lakSya bhI / vaha viSaya kA rogI nahIM / yadyapi khujarAhA ke patthara patthara meM kAma kI dazA kA avirbhAva hotA hai to bhI usa vAyumaMDala meM Adhunika asvasthatA, hrAsa aura patana ke cinha nahIM / usa yuga ke puruSoM meM yajJa kI bhAvanA thI aura yahI unake pratyeka kArya ke pIche zakti thii| unameM Atmabala tathA caritrabala yA / Ajakala hamAre hRdayoM meM kuruci samA gayI hai aura hama vastu kA ThIka ThIka mUlyAMkana nahIM kara pAte / yahI roga hameM jIvana kA sadupayoga nahIM karane detaa| zRgAra-mUrtiyoM ke atirikta pUjA, zikAra, mallayuddha, hAthiyoMke yuddha, phaujakI yAtrA, ityAdi aneka
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________________ varNI abhinandana-graMtha prakAra kI jIvana kI ghaTanAoM ko vyakta karanevAlI mUrtiyAM bhI khujarAhA meM dRSTigocara hotI haiN| isase jJAta hotA hai ki khajurAhAke kalAkArakA uddeza jIvana ke sabhI aMgoMpara prakAza DAlane kA thaa| usokI dRSTi jIvana kI sampUrNatA kI aora thI / eka jagaha to patthara Dhote hue majadUroM taka kA citrAMkana kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra khajurAhA ke mandira apane samaya kI eka inasAikilopIDiyA ke svarUpa haiM / zilpakAroM ne jo kauzala dikhalAyA hai usakA anukaraNa Aja asambhava sA pratIta hotA hai / patthara kI to unhoMne moma hI banA DAlA thaa| use apane manonukUla aisA DhAlA hai jaisA kI hama dhAtuoM ko nahIM DhAla sakate / na jAne unake pAsa kauna se aaujAra the aura kauna sI lagana / eka sAtha jaba hajAroM zilpakAra chenI aura TAkiyoMse patthara para kAma karate hoMge taba kaise saMgIta kA prAdurbhAva hotA hogA, hama kalpanA nahIM kara sakate / aAja khajurAhA khaDahara ke rupa meM par3A huA hai taba bhI vahAM ke bhUkhaMDameM usI yuga kI madhura smRti liye zItala vAyu calatI hai / una khaMDaharoM meM ghUmane meM, mandiroM ke jharokhoM meM baiThakara usa yuga kI kalpanA karane meM, aisA Ananda AtA hai jaise hama usI yugameM pahuMca gaye hoM / vartamAn jIvana kI sudha budha hI sI bhUla jAtI hai / vAstava meM khajurAhA dekhane yogya hai / khajurAhA jAne ke lie nikaTatama relave sTezana harapAlapura tathA mahobA haiN| ina donoM se chatarapura se hote hue ThIka khajurAhA taka moTara lAriyAM jAtI haiM / 536
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________________ buMdelakhaMDa meM nau varSa zrI zobhAcandra jozI san 1138 ke akTUbara mahIne meM maiM TIkamagar3ha AyA thA / be dina bekArI ke the| pUre pAMca varSa saMyukta prAnta kI dhUla phAMkane para bhI mujhe naukarI nahIM milii| na jAne kitanI nirAzA, apamAna, lAMchanA aura phAkekazI kA mujhe zikAra bananA pdd'aa| jIvana eka duHsaha bhAra bana gayA thA / aliphalailA ke astizeSa buDDhe kI bhAMti use kaMdhoM se utAra kara pheMka dene kI zakti bhI mujhameM nahI thI aura use liye-liye ghasITane kI bhI aba adhika AkAMkSA nahIM raha gayI thI, vistRti kI nakAba pahane hue bekArI ke ve pAMca varSa, pretacchAyAoM kI bhAMti, merI nIMda meM mujhe Aja bhI cauMkA dete haiM / kabhI kabhI lagatA hai ki sukha aura santoSa ko jisa imArata ko maiM apane cAroM ora khar3A karanA cAhatA hUM, vaha ardha. nirmita ho mujhe lekara bhUmisAt na ho jAya / TIkamagar3hameM mujhe naukarI mila gayI / kucha dinoMke lie rahane ko rAjyakA atithigRha milA / acchA anna, acche vastra, acch| ghara, -vijalI, moTareM, saMgIta, nRtya / una dinoM durgApUjAkA utsava cala rahA thaa| atithigRhameM rAja kaviyoM aura kokilakaMThI vArAgaMnAoMkA jamaghaTa lagA huA thaa| kavitA aura sura, rasa aura dhani, vANo ara saundarya kA manohara sammelana thaa| mujhe lagA ki mere pApoMkI avadhi bIta gyii| puNyoM kA bhoga prArambha ho gyaa| yaha svarga thaa| vaha naraka thA, jise maiM pIche chor3a aayaa| kaI mitra bhI bana gaye the| Aja jo loga mere mitra hai, ve nhiiN| ve to svapnoMke sAthI the| jaba taka svapna cale, ve bhI rahe / svapna TUTe to unakI maitrI bhI TUTa gyii| sAMyakAla ko atithi nivAsameM cale AyA karate the| rasajJa jana the| kavitA aura saundarya parakhanA jAnate the / 'vhAiTa hArsa vhiskI', aura dezI hare ke guNa doSoM kA vivecana kara sakate the 'krevana e' sigareTa pInese kisa prakAra manuSya dIrghAyu ho jAtA hai aora teMDUke pattoMkI banI bIr3I pIkara kyoM akAla mRtyu prApta hotI hai-isa tathyakA unheM Azcaryajanaka jJAna thaa| una dinoM TIkamagar3hameM pAnI maMhagA thaa| zarAba aura peTrola saste the| moTareM bailagAr3iyoM se 68
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bhI adhika anAyAsa prApya thiiN| maiM mitroMke sAtha dUra dUra ghUmane calA jAyA karatA / sarakArI moTara para saira karaneke lie zaoNpharako do cAra 'krevana e' pilA denA paryApta hotA / nagarake bAhara dUra jaMgaloM meM hama loga ghamA karate / yahAMkI dharatIpara prakRti mAtAkI aisI mamatA dekhakara isa janapadako svarga samajha lenekI merI dhAraNA aura bhI dRr3ha ho gyii| maiM jisa pradezakA nivAsI hUM, use kAlidAsane devabhUmi kahA hai| hindustAna ke jina manuSyoM ke puNyabhoga abhI taka akhaMDa hai, ve prati varSa grISma meM mere usa dezakA upabhoga karane cale jAyA karate haiN| himAlaya kI mukta vAyu, cIr3ake vRkSoMse DhakI upatyakAeM, piNDArI gleziyarakI zItala chAyA-devatAoMkI usa dharatI para Aja-kala sabhI kucha paise se kharIdA jA sakatA hai| kintu mujha jaise pRthvI-putroMko, jinheM bhairava devatAkI lAta lagI haiM, ye sArI vastueM svatva hone para bhI duSprApya haiM / so-,bundelakhaMDakI bhUmimeM lagA ki himAcala to gayA, kintu maiM ghATe meM nahIM rhaa| kAlidAsakA yakSa nirvAsita hone para sviTjaralaiMDa nahIM gayA thaa| isI janaka-tanayA-snAna-puNyodaka bhUmine use bhI kahIM zaraNa dI thii| yahA~ke hare-bhare Ama aura jAmuna ke jaMgala, prasanna-jalA nadiyAM, vetavA, dhasAna, kena, jAmanera-saikar3oM tAlAba, tAlAboMke bAMdha para bane purAne rAjAoMke prAsAda, kile, smRti-stUpa / cappe cappe para itihAsa aura prakRti ko gAr3hAliMgana kiye dekhA / purANoMmeM himAlaya aura vindhyAcalakI pratispardhA vAlI kahAnI par3hI-sunI thii| vindhyAcala kA uddaNDa pratApa aura vinamra bhAva, mujhe donoM mAno isa janapadake svabhAvameM bhIge hue lge| yahAM kI mIThI bolI, logoMkA binIta svAbhimAnI shraacrnn| pAMca barSakI dhUlabharI khAnAbadoza kahAnIkA yaha nayA adhyAya thaa| socatA thA, aba sukhase jI skNgaa| do mahineke bAda samayane karavaTa badalI to svapnoMkI yaha ajImuzzAna imArata 'dhar3Ama-dhama' gira pdd'ii| ITeM, patthara, cUnA-saba kucha khAkameM mila gye| atithinivAsa kA caparAsI AyA, bolA-'hujUra, sAhaba kI marjI huI hai ki Apa koI makAna DhUDha lo| gesTahAusameM jyAdA dina rahanA kAyadeke khilApha hai| aba Apa mehamAna to rahe nahIM ; riyAsatake naukara haiN|" usa dina pahile pahala lagA ki maiM naukara hUM. zAhajAdA nhiiN| naukaroMke lie svargakA nirmANa nahIM huA hai| zAhajAdoMke jisa svargako dekha dekha kara maiM svapnoMkA nirmANa kiyA karatA thA, vaha satya nahIM thaa| bundelakhaMDake jisa rUpa para maiM rIjha gayA thA, vaha zAzvata nahIM thA / vaha chala thA-pravaMcanA thii| vaha AvaraNa thA, ki jise bhedakara zrAtmAkA darzana honA mujhe bAkI thA / jo satya hai, cirantana hai, sundara hai-kintu jo kurUpa hai, bhayAvaha hai, bundelakhaMDakI usa mAnavatAkA bhI aba darzana maiMne kiyaa| yahAMke vana, yahAMkI nadiyAM, tAlAba, gaganasparzI rAja prAsAda, moTare, zarAbakI botaleM, vArAMganAe~, mRta-saMskRtike gAyaka rAjakavi-ye 538
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________________ budelakhaMDa meM nau varSa sabake saba mithyA the| satya hai vaha loka, jisake bIca, usa dinase Aja taka, pUre nau varSa aura kucha mahIne meM rahatA AyA huuN| jinake zarIrameM merA zarIra jisako AtmAmeM merI AtmA, sAMsameM sAMsa, ghula mila gayI hai / jisakI kurUpatAmeM mere jIvanakA cidrUpa samA gayA hai / eka raMga, eka rasa ho gayA hai / maiM usI bundelakhaMDakA svarupa khiicuuNgaa| bhaugolika mAnacitra para chape hue eka bhUmikhaNDa aura svapna nirmAtAoM ke bhAvI bundelakhaMDakA nhiiN| 'jIvanakI choTI sI lau' ____ abhI, jaba ki maiM yaha likha rahA hUM, dinake do baje haiM / koI bIsa phITa laMbA dasa phITa caur3A kamarA hai| ATha phITa UMcI dIvAroM para pAMca phITa taka sIla car3hI huI hai| bhinna-bhinna prakArakI durgandhase kamarA mahaka rahA hai / Upara chata para asaMkhya makar3iyoMke jAle lage hue haiM / hara tIsare dina maiM unheM miTAkara sApha karatA huuN| kintu rAtabhara meM ve jyoMke tyoM tana jAte haiN| pharzakI eka aora darI bichA kara maiM yaha likha rahA huuN| dUsare konemeM mere do bacce aura unakI jananI eka darI para soye hue haiM / kamarA prAtaHkAla buhArA gayA thaa| kintu abhI taka usameM kUr3ekA Dhera bikhara gayA hai| baccoMke muha para makkhiyAM maMDarA rahI haiM / patnIke zarIra para jo dhotI hai vaha mailI ho gayI haidhobiyoMne do-yAnA kapar3A dhulAI karadI hai, aura sanalAiTa sAbuna sAr3he sAta AnemeM Ane lagA hai| mujhe pacAsa rupaye tanakhA milatI hai / maiM eka bhAratIya vizvavidyAlayakA snAtaka hUM; adhyApaka huuN| bundelakhaMDake saikar3oM-hajAroM bAlakoM ko nAgarika banAnekA ThekedAra huuN| mujhe loga rASTra nirmAtA (nezanabilDara) kahA karate haiN| maiM yaha isa lie likha rahA hUM ki maiM apane Apa ko bundelakhaNDI samajhane lagA huuN| yahAM kA jala, yahAM kI vAyu, merI raga ragameM samA cukI hai| mere donoM bacce yahAM kI dhUlameM lipaTa-lipaTa kara panapa rahe haiM / maiM apane Apa ko eka ikAI mAnatA hUM isa janapada kI / merA jIvana yahAM ke jIvana kA pratIka hai| merA ghara vahAM ke gharoM kI bhAMti, aura merA parivAra vahAM ke samAja kA pratibimba hai / isIlie maiMne usakA varNana kiyA hai| mere makAna ke bAhara jo galI hai, usameM dAnoM aura gande pAnIke lie nAliyAM nahIM haiM, logoM ke zarIroM kI nahAvana, gande kapar3oM kI dhovana, pezAba aura pAkhAnA isa galI kI jamInameM pichalI Der3ha zatAbdI se rasatA calA jA rahA hai| sola ke rUpameM vahI makAnoM kI nicalI maJjiloM para car3ha AyA hai| pichale nau varSoM meM maiMne isI eka choTese muhallemeM caudaha baccoM ko TAiphAiDa aura cecakase marate dekhA hai| maleriyAse loga marate kama haiN| nahIM to isa muhalle meM aMguliyoM para ginAne ko bacce nahIM milate / ina. caudaha akAla mRtyu prApta mAnava-zizuoMmeM merI eka bahina aura bhAI bhI zAmila haiN| bahina pAMca varSa kI
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha thI aura bhAI DhAI varSa kA / donoM bhale caMge the| TAiphAIDa huA aura mara gaye / isalie to maiM kahatA hUM ki maiM bundelakhaNDI hUM / gulAba ke phUloM kI bhAMti khile hue apane do niraparAdha bhAI-bahinoM kA maiMne bundelakhaNDa kI santapta AtmA ko bali car3hA diyA / mere AMsU bAkI bAraha baccoM ke mAtA-pitA ke AMsUtroM ke sAtha milakara bahe the / phira kauna kaha sakatA hai ki maiM bundelakhaNDI nahIM hUM ? eka mere muhalle meM pichale nau varSoM meM caudaha bacce mare / merI galI bahuta choTI haiM ! TIkamagar3ha meM aisI kamase kama do sau galiyAM hoMgI / caudaha ko do sau se guNA karane para do hajAra ATha sau hote haiM / nau varSa meM aThThAIsa sau bacce / eka varSa meM karIba tIna sau ? mA naH stoke tanaye, mAna AyuSi mA no goSu mA no azveSu rIriSaH, mA no vIrAn rudrabhAminI vadhIH haviSmantaH sadamitvA havAmahe / Adima puruSane bhagavAn rudrase yaha prArthanA kI thI-- 'he rudra ! mere nanhe nanhe baccoM para roSa na kareM / mere gAya, baila, mere ghor3A para kruddha na hoM / mere bhAI bahinoM para kRpA dRSTi rakheM / vAstavika manuSya kI isase adhika abhilASA nahIM hotI / usake bAla bacce sukhI raheM, svastha phUloMse khile raheM / basa, isase adhika jo cAhatA hai, vaha cora hai / vaha dUsare kI abhilASita AvazyakatAoM kI corI karatA hai / vaha dUsareke baccoM ko bhUkhoM mAratA hai / vaha hajAroM lAkhoM mAtAoM kI goda samaya meM hI rikta kara detA hai / vaha prakRti kI isa sundara sRSTI para TAiphAiDa, cecaka, plega, haijeke kITANuoM ko barasAtA hai / TIkamagar3ha ke baccoM para rudrake isa kopa ko kisane bulAyA ? kisane unake jIvita rahane ke eka mAtra adhikAra ko bhI chIna liyA ? bacce samAja kA saundarya haiM, usakI komalatA haiN| jisa samAja meM bacce marate haiM, vaha ThUMTha hai, jo svayaM jalatA hai aura dUsaroM ko jalAtA hai / use ukhAr3a pheMkanA cAhie, naSTakara denA cAhie / jIvana lau kI dUsarI bhabhaka mere par3osa meM eka parivAra rahatA hai / use parivAra kaise kahUM / strI puruSa kA eka jor3A / puruSa sunArI karatA hai yA bar3haIgirI, maiMne yaha jAnane kA prayatna kabhI nahIM kiyaa| pichale nau barasoM se maiM unheM dekhatA A rahA huuN| puruSa DeDha pasalo kA hai, aura strI vAyuse phUlakara raktahIna mAMsakI eka gubvArAnumA putalA bana gayI hai| donoM sadA asvastha rahA karate haiN| barasoM se jvAra khAte A rahe haiN| tIjatyohAra ke dina mIThe tela meM unake ghara gehUM kI pUr3iyAM avazya bana jAtI hai / strIkI koI santAna nahIM hai / kintu vaha bAMjha bhI nahIM hai / sAlameM kama se kama eka bAra use srAva ho jAtA hai| tIna-tIna cAra cAra mahine taka peTa meM parivardhita kara antameM AkRtihIna eka mAMsapiMDa ko vaha nArI janma detI hai| aura varSake 540
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________________ buMdelakhaMDa meM nau varSa bAkI dina prANahIna sI cArapAyI para par3I rahatI hai, maiM pichale nau varSoM se yahI krama dekhatA A rahA hUM, duniyA samUcI maiMne nahIM dekhI, kintu eka mAtra isI strI meM maiMne tar3apate hue nArItva ko bAra-bAra marate jIte, phUlate murajhAte dekhA hai, mere sAmane bArambAra eka virATa Azcarya mUrtimAna bana kara khar3A ho jAtA hai ki duniyAM vAloM kI aAMkheM kyoM aba taka apane isa vIbhatsa rupa ko nahIM dekha skiiN| ina citroMke dvArA maiM yaha cAhatA hUM ki mere hRdaya paTala para aMkita bundelakhaNDa kI ruparekhAeM ubhara uThe, maiM apane muhalle ko TIkamagar3ha kA, TIkamagar3ha ko bundelakhaMDakA, aura bundelakhaMDa ko bhAratake isa mahAdeza kA sUkSmacitra mAnatA huuN| maiM vyakti ko samUcI manuSyatA aura per3a kI choTI sI TahanI ko saMsAra bharake vRkSoM kA citra mAnatA huuN| yaha kevala mere hI mAnane kI bAta hai| dUsarese manavAne kI mahattvAkAMkSA mujha meM nahIM / bundela janakI tIsarI jhAMkI-- apanI tIsarI anubhUtike citrase maiM samajhatA hUM ki aba taka jo rekhAeM maiMne khIMcI hai, unameM chAyA aura prakAza kA samAveza ho jAyagA, ise likhane ke tIna cAra mahine pahile kI bAta hai, bundelakhaMDa kI janatA kA eka netA mAra DAlA gayA, netAoM para apanI zraddhA yA premake vazIbhUta hokara yaha likha rahA hoUM so bAta nahIM hai , nArAyaNadAsa khare merA mitra bhI thA; isI nAte kaI bAra maiM usake itane nikaTa bhI pahuMca sakA thA ki usake hRdaya kI pahicAna kara skuu| pichale nau varSoM meM eka mAtra yahI eka vyakti mujhe milA, jo jAna gayA thA ki usake janapada kI pIr3A kahAM para hai, saMsArake dUsare dezoM kI bhAMti netA kahAnevAle vyaktiyoM kI kamI yahA~ bhI nahIM hai| barasAtI zilIndhrI kI bhAMti ye loga anAyAsa utpanna ho jAte haiM aura apane cAroM ora kI pRthvI ko eka kurupa darzana pradAna karate haiM / nArAyaNadAsa jItA rahatA aura apane janapada kI pIr3A kA ilAja kara sakatA yA nahIM, yaha dUsarI bAta hai, maiM to prakRta netA ko kuzala vaidya mAnatA huuN| yadi DAkTara jAnate ki rogI kA nidAna kyA hai, to cikitsAmeM kaThinatA nahIM hotii| aba abhAge prayatna kara rahe haiM ki usake balidAnake mahattva kI upekSA kI jAya, jo unakA masIhA bana kara AyA thA, sambhava hai ki samaya kA sarvagrAsI cakra unake prayatna ko sArthaka kara de. AkAzake eka kone meM bhabhaka kara TUTa jAne vAlA nakSatra thA nArAyaNadAsa / ananta nIlimAmeM vaha DUba gayA hai| maiM vyaktivAdI hUM isalie, maiMne apane bundelakhaMDake navavarSIya jIvanameM jo kucha nidhiyAM prApta kI haiM. unameM eka nArAyaNadAsa kA mRtyu sandeza hai / vaha vastu merI hai kyoMki jaisA maiMne cAhA use samajhA, usase maiMne sIkhA ki saMsArameM duHkha hai kintu sarvazaktimAna bhI hai, duHkha hI maramAtmA kI anubhUti hai; sukha tyAjya hai kintu grAhya nahIM / duHkha hamArA hai aura sukha praayaa| yahAMpara usake saMsmaraNake dvArA maiM apane isa vizvAsako aura bhI dRr3ha kara denA cAhatA hUM ki manuSya kA samAja Aja bhale hI, rugNa ho, bhale hI usakA aMgapratyaMga viSamatAke kor3hase gala-gala kara kaTa rahA ho; kintu manuSyatA avinAzI hai, satya hai, sundara hai| prakRti kurUpatA ko 541
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________________ abhinandana grantha sahana nahIM kara sktii| patajhar3a kA mausama kevala do mahine rahatA hai, bAkI dasa mahine saMsAra meM dariyAlI chAyI rahatI hai, phUla khilate rahate haiM, phala lagate rahate haiM / TIkamagar3ha se lagA huA eka vana hai, use khairaI kahate haiM / zrAjase pAMca sAla pahile usameM Aga laga gayI thI, sArA jaMgala jale adhajale ThUMThoMse bhara gayA thaa| Aja koI vyakti usa vana ko dekhe to merI bAta para vizvAsa nahIM kregaa| zrAja vahAM asaMkhya naye-naye taruNa vRkSa uTha Aye haiM khUba pane pane sundara | agni usa mahAvinAzake cinha taka nahIM raha gaye, ghAva aisA bhara gayA hai ki kharoMca taka nahIM bcii| atyanta vikRta rUpameM hai, sar3a rahA hai, gala rahA hai; kintu prakRti kA nahIM hai, nirmANa zAzvata hai; mRtyu jIvana para vijaya nahIM pA sakatI, bundelakhaMDa kA ghAva yA niyama aTala hai / vinAza zAzvata jIvana mRtyu para vijayI hotA hai| yundelakhaMDa sanAtana jIvana kA eka spandana nArAyaNadAsa thA jaba taka usa jaise vyakti yahAM Ate raheMge taba taka bundelakhaMDa kA zrAtmA naSTa na hogA, vaha eka cinha thA ki mAnavatA apane darda ko dUra karanA cAhatI hai, khairaIke jaMgala meM jinhoMne Aga lagAyI thI, unheM rAjyase kyA daNDa milA, yaha maiM nahIM jAnatA para zApa ke bhAgI avazya hue| manuSyatA apane sukhacaina meM Aga lagAne vAloM ko pahicAna gayI hai| mere eka choTese muhalle meM cIdaha baccA kI mRtyu aura upayukta tathA pauSTika bhojana ke abhAva meM mAM na bana sakane vAlo nArI kA zApa vyartha nahIM jAyagA / svarga kI sImAeM manuSya ko dRSTigocara hone lagI haiM. ve svayaM bar3hI zrA rahI haiM isa ora jisa dina bundelakhaMDa svarga bana jAyagA, jaba yahAM utpanna hone vAlA pratyeka bAlaka bUr3hA hokara hI apanI jIvana yAtrA samApta karegA, jisa dina pratyeka nArI kA goda bharI pUrI rahegI, usa dina manuSya devatA bana jAyagA, aura taba taka yadi maiM jItA rahA to sabase pahile merI kalama bundelakhaMDake vijayagIta bola uThegI, kintu maiMna rahA to merA varga rahegA, kalamavAloM kI paramparA sadAse aTUTa calI A rahI hai, bundelakhaMDa ke kIrtigAna ke lie cAraNoM kI kamI nahIM hogI / 542
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________________ bundelakhaNDakA strI- samAja zrI rAdhAcaraNa gosvAmI ema. e., ela ela. bI. purAtana sabhyatA kI pratIka dharma aura AcAra kI maMjula mUrti, saralatA aura sahanazIlatA kI sAkAra pratimA, utsavaratA, prakRti- priyA, vinodanI, rUr3hivAdinI, vizvAsinI, karmaratA- - yaha hai khaNDa kI nArI / vezabhUSA - datiyA, jhAMsI aura samathara va Asa-pAsa kI striyAM laMhagA pahanatI haiM aura or3hanI zrotI haiM, ucca varNoM meM isapara bhI caddara lapeTatI haiN| usakA eka chora calane meM paMkhA sA kalAtmaka rUpa se hilatA hai aura avaguMThana ke samhAlane meM saMlagna uMgaliyAM pada-kramaNa aura zarIra-rekhA ( contours ) hI varNa aura vayasa kA paricaya detI haiM / vijAvara, pannA, carakhArI, chatarapura aura isake AsapAsa kevala dhotI pahanane kI prathA hai / isameM donoM lAMgha bAMdhI jAtI haiN| utsava meM jaba bundelakhaMDa kI vadhU susajjita hotI hai to usakI vastrAbhUSaNa - kalA nikhara jAtI hai / pairoM meM mahAvara lagA, pairoM kI ugaliyoM meM cuTakI aura aguSTha meM challA pahane, laharoM vAle ghAMgharA para buMdakiyoM vAlI cunarI or3he, kaMcukI se vakSa kase, usapara laharAtI huI satalarI lallarI gore gale meM kAle pota kI chaTA ko bar3hAtA hai| sarapara sIsaphUla, vaMdinI pahane vaha Aja bhI jAyasI kI " padminI " kI hor3a karatI hai / AkhoM meM yahAM kI bAlA itanA bArIka kAjala lagAtI haiM ki vaha kajarArI AkheM kucha kAla meM cuna sA letI haiM / uccavarNa ke kuloM meM kahIM kahIM anupama saundarya dekhane ko milatA hai / yahAM ke eka prasiddha rAjagharAne kI rAjakumArI ne jo AsAma meM vyAhI gayI thI kucha sAla hue vizvarUpa pratiyogitA meM dvitIya puraskAra pAyA thA / dharma aura utsava - bundelakhaMDa kI nArI para Arya aura anArya dharma, prAcIna aura madhyakAlIna bhAratIya sabhyatA kI amiTa chApa hai / usake udAra vakSasthala meM vaiSNava, zaiva, zAkta aura jaina mata matAntaroM kA droha nahIM aura na hai mandira daragAha kA bheda / zrAdima jAti ke pUjya cabUtare aura pASANakhaNDa bhI usake komala hRdayako usI taraha dravita karate haiM jaise AryoM ke devatA aura pIra kA makabarA / prAcIna arvAcIna darzana zAstroM kI vaha paMDita nahIM, para usake hRdaya meM hai vaha agAdha vizvAsa jo sabhI dharmoM 543
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha kI bhitti hai, usI para vaha apanI jIvana kI icchAtroM kI pratimA banAkara arpita karatI / aura saphalatA para iSTa kI pUjA karatI hai aura asaphalatA para bhI apane devatAko gAlI nahIM detI; na vizvAsameM kamI karatI hai | yaha hai bundelakhaMDakI nArIkI dharma jijJAsA | bundelakhaMDa vaiSNava, zAkta ziva aura jaina mandiroM kA kendra hai / orachA ke nRpati madhukarazAhakI patnI puSya nakSatra meM calakara apane rAmako ayodhyA se lAyI thI aura mahArAnIke vRddha ho jAnese bhagavAn kRpA kara baiTha gaye the jisase unheM sevAmeM kaSTa na ho / unakI gAthA prasiddha nAbhAjI kRta bhakta mAlameM hai / datiyA meM govindajI aura vihArIjI, pannA meM jugala kizorajI. maihara meM zAradA devI, unnAva meM bAlAjI, chatarapura meM jaTA zaMkara, prAcIna maMdira hai / hara rAjya meM, hara gAMva meM maMdira haiM jahA~ para nAriyAM pratidina vizeSa kara utsavoM para darzanArtha jAtI haiM / kArtika mAsa meM bundelakhaMDa kI nArI vRjake kRSNa kanhaiyAkI gopikA banakara usakI pUjA karatI haiM phira mahArAsameM vaha kho jAte haiM to vaha DhUMr3hatI haiM aura punarmilana para Ananda manAtI haiM / una dinoM uSA kAlase striyoMkA samUha madhura gItoMke ravase galI galIko mukharita kara detA hai / holI vrajake bAda bundelakhaMDa meM vizeSa utsava hai / ina dinoM jo gIta gAye jAte haiM unheM phA kahate haiM / chatarapura rAjyake amara kalAkAra "IsurI" ne phAgeM banAne meM kamAla kiyA hai aura datiyA meM phAgoM ke sAtha 'bheda' gAyI jAtI hai yaha mizrita rAgiNI datiyAkI bhAratIya saMgItako dena hai / usa samaya rAjAke mahala se lekara garIbakI kuTiyA taka mArga meM, khetapara, caupAla meM, hATameM, nadI-nAle ke tIroM para, sabhI jagaha vahI prakRti-priyA utsavaratA bundelakhaNDakI nArIkI madhura dhvani sunAyI detI hai / kahIM para naranArI sAtha sAtha gAte bajAte haiM para bundelakhaNDa meM pardA prathA adhika honese yaha dalita jAtiyoM taka hI sImita hai| gharoM meM devara bhAbhI se phAga khelate haiM aura bahanoI sAliyoMse / patipatnI milakara madhura prema rAgakA AsvAdana karate haiN| kumArikAeM navarAtrimeM nauratAkA khela khelatI haiM--usa samaya prabhAta meM kizoriyoMke "himAMcala kI kuara lar3AyatI nAre suTA' se prAMgaNa gUMja uThate haiM aura vaha zivako prApta karanekI gaurIke tapakA anusaraNa karatI hai / antima dina gaurIkI mRttikA mUrtikA zRMgAra yukta pUjana kara use cabainA khilAtI haiM / zarada kAla meM hI verI kI kAMToMdAra DAlI meM hara kAMTe para phUla lagAkara jaba kumArikAeM 'mAmuliyaIke Agaye livA kumaka calI mAmuliyA' gAtI huI kandhoMse kandhA milAye bhUmatI gAtI huI jAkara sarovaroMmeM use sirAneM ( arpita karane ) jAtI haiM to mAlUma hotA hai inhoMne apane jIvana kI sAdhahI kaMTakoM ko puti bananA nizcita kiyA hai / akSaya tRtIyAko eka dUsarese striyAM unake patiyoMkA nAma pUchatI haiM / aura batalAne meM jhijhaka karane para camelIke vodara ( TahanI) se pratAraNa karatI haiN| zrAvaNa mAsameM hara vadhU apane bhAI ke bulAne ko AnekI pratIkSA karatI haiM / aura mAyake ( pIhara ) jAkara jhUle jhUlatI haiM aura gIta gAtI haiM / 544
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________________ bundelakhaNDakA strI-samAja isa prakAra hara mAsameM hara saptAhameM kabhI na kabhI vaha apanI yAtanAoMko eka ora rakhakara apanI sakhI-saheliyoMke sAtha milakara utsavake Ananda manAtI haiN| kabhI tulasIkA pUjana to kabhI vaTakA, kabhI rAta bhara jAgaraNa to kabhI dina bhara upavAsa, kabhI devIpUjana to kabhI viSNupUjana, vasa yoM hI usakI jIvanakI ghar3iyoM meM muskarAhaTa vikharatI rahatI haiN| AcAra vyavahAra dharmake sthAnapara andhavizvAsa, rUr3hivAda, bAhya AcAra aura vyavahArane bundelakhaMDa kI nArIsamAja ke hRdayameM Asana jamA liyA hai / zikSAkA abhAva, ajJAna aura aparyaTanane nArIke mastiSkako saMkucita kara diyA hai| yahAM vahAM para sundara saMskRtikI jhalaka usake prAcAra vyavahArameM dRSTigocara hotI hai, para gatihInatA usakA sabase bar3A doSa hai / rAjaparivAroMkI dekhA dekhI pardAne ucca vargoM meM, ghara banA liyA hai jinhoMne svayaM mugala bAdazAha, navAboMkI nakala kara madhyayugameM ise apanAyA thaa| isakA prabhAva nArioNke svAsthya para burA avazya par3a rahA hai para adhikatara zramazIla honeke kAraNa usakA adhika prabhAva nahIM ho paataa| pardA vaise bhI utanA kaThina nahIM--jaisA saMyuktaprAntake katipaya hissoMmeM hai| zvasura, jeThase vizeSa pardA hotI hai aura unase bhI; jo zvasura yA jeThake barAbara vAle hoM / hATa bAjAra meM striyAM Anandase jAtI haiM aura vastu kraya karatI haiM / kama umrakI striyAM nAma mAtrakI pardA karatI haiN| unakA ghUghaTa to bar3A hotA hai para vaha Ane jAne, kAma karane meM aura bolane cAlanemeM bAdhaka nahIM hotaa| mAline hATa-bATameM gajarA becatI haiN| kAchineM sAga bhAjIkI galI galI AvAja lagAtI haiN| camAroMkI striyAM apane parivArake janoM ke sAtha majadUrI karatI haiN| bundelakhaMDakI nArIkI dinacaryA bundelakhaMDakI prAyaH sabhI striyAM sUryodayake pUrva hI uThakara cakkI para ATA pIsatI haiM / usa samayake gIta bar3e manohara hote haiM aura unake zramako kama karate haiM / prabhAta kI sundara, sukhada samIrake sAtha sana-sanakara vaha AlhAdamaya ho jAte haiN| prabhAta hote hote makkhiyoMke jAganeke pUrva gAyoM kA dUdha dohana karatI haiM / gauzAlA ko parimArjita kara gAyoM ko dvArake bAhara karatI haiM jahAMse ghara kA bAlaka unheM rAuna ( gAyoMke ekatra honeke sthAna ) taka le jAtA hai / aura phira varedI le jAtA hai gocArana ko / isake uparAMta gharameM vArA (buhArU) dekara caukA bartana karake vaha snAna karatI haiM, kUpase jala lAtI haiM aura bhojana banAtI haiM / daphtarako, skUlako yA dUkAnako jAne vAle parivArake loga daza baje se bAraha baje taka bhojana karake nivRtta ho jAte haiM / isake uparAMta vaha nArI svayaM bacI huI bhAjI yA maTThA, dAla aura roTI kA bhojana karatI hai| parizrama use inhI sIdhI sAdI vastuoMmeM sAre viTAmina (poSaka tattva ) de detA hai| dopahara ko vaha kucha anAja ko bInabAna kara sApha karatI hai, phaTakatI hai yA phira sIkoMke 545
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha paMkhe yA bartana banAtI haiN| phaTe TUTe kapar3e yA kAgaja kI lugadIke ( Pulp ) ke bar3e choTe bartana banAtI hai jinheM sikaulI kahate haiM / taba ve kucha vizrAma karatI / prAyaH saMdhyA ko bundelakhaMDa meM roTI nahIM bntii| yaha bar3A burA rivAja hai / isakA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki punaH roTI banAne meM dubArA masAlA lakar3I vyaya ho, para jo bhI ho, sabereko hI rakkhI roTI, dAla, sAga, prAyaH loga khAte haiM / isI kAraNa byAlU jaldI hI kara lete haiM aura go-dhUli - velA ke uparAnta khA pIkara phira nivRtta ho jAte haiN| majadUroM kI striyAM prAtaH uThate hI roTI banAtI haiM aura saMdhyAko Akara phira banAtI haiN| vaha kodoM kI roTI aura bhAjI khAtI khilAtIM haiM / bundelakhaMDa meM juvAra urada kI dAlake sAtha rucikara mAnI jAtI jAtI hai| gehUM kI datiyA, carakhArI, samathara aura orachA chor3akara aura sthAnoM meM bar3I kamI hai / orachA aura vijAvara rAjyoM meM cAvala bhI bahuta hote haiN| para vahAM kI striyAM cAvaloM kA bhinna bhinna prayoga nahIM jAnatIM / civar3A yA cUrA jo ma0 prA0 meM 'khUba banatA hai yahAM koI nahIM jAnatA / striyAM rAtameM gapazapa karatI, gIta gAtI aura kathA kahAnI sunatI sunAtI haiM / datiyA evaM pannA meM devAlayoM meM bhI kAphI saMkhyA meM jAtI haiM / vIra bAlAeM yaha vahI bhUmi hai jahAM para rAja parivArakI to kyA vAravilAsinI bhI mugala darabAra meM bheMTa nahIM huI / eka bAra kahA jAtA hai ki mugala darabAra meM orachA nareza ke darabAra kI nartakI rAyapravINa ke rUpa aura guNa kI prazaMsA itanI bar3hI ki usakI mAMga AyI / rAjA sAvanta the / rAjyakArya prasiddha vidvAna kezavadAsa use lekara gaye / usa pravINa vAravilAsinIne cunotI de dI -- 'vinatI rAyapravINa kI suniyo zAha sujAna, bhUThI pAtara bhakhata hai vArI' vAyasa svAna, isapara catura kalApremI mugala samrATane use vApasa kara diyaa| vIratA to bundelakhaMDa kI striyoM kA vizeSa guNa hai| mahArAnI lakSmI bAI jinakA nAma bhArata ke kone kone meM aba sabhI jAnate haiM, mahArASTra ke rakta aura bundelakhaMDa ke pAnI se paripAlita thiiN| unakI jIvanI ko dekhane se patA calatA hai ki unakI paricArikAoM meM se sundarI striyAM jo bundelakhaMDa kI hI vIra bAlAeM thIM, unhoMne aise kAma sikhAye ki jinake sAmane koI bhI vIrapuruSa garva kara sakate haiM | mahArAnI jhAMsI ke pUrva bhI rAjyoM ke vigraha aura yuddhoM meM, zAntikAla meM, luTeroM aura vaTamAroMke upadravoM meM athavA apane satItva rakSA ke nimitta bundelakhaMDa kI striyoMne apUrva vIratA kA paricaya diyA hai / yadi pardAprathA aura rur3hiyAM bAdhaka na hoM to ve aba bhI ucita sthAna pAkara apanI vIratA dikhA sakatI haiM / lekhaka ke eka aura lekha meM (jo 'madhurakara' TIkamagar3ha meM chapA thA ) bundelakhaNDa kI eka vIrabAlA aisI ho rAnI kA caritra hai jisane madhyakAla meM apane patike dillI meM rahane para prasiddha gar3ha seur3hA ko apane devara se bacAyA aura usake dhokhese le lene para punaH eka choTI sI phauja dvArA use jItA aura apane pati kI amAnata unheM vApasa dii| isase bhI vIratApUrNa udAharaNa usa lodhinakI lar3akIkA hai, jisakI 1 nAI kI eka jAti jo rAja darabArameM jUThana uThAte khAte haiM / 546
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________________ bundelakhaNDakA strI-samAja kathA maiMne kaI sAla hue vijAvarameM hI sunI thii| kahA jAtA hai ki jaMgala meM eka DAkUne use ghera liyA aura balAtkAra karanA caahaa| usane kahA ki kapar3e utAra lo maiM bhogako taiyAra hUM / jaba DAkU kapar3e utArane lagA usa samaya usakI talavAra jamIna para thI aura donoM hAtha vyasta the tathA kSaNa bharako aAMkheM banda thiiN| sAhasI lar3akIne jhapaTakara talavAra uThAyI, kholakara vAra kiyA aura DAkUko khatma kara diyA / kauna isa vIratAkI prazaMsA na karegA / ye haiM bundelakhaMDakI vIrabAlAeM / vivAha evaM sAmAjika sthiti bundelakhaNDakI nArIko samAjane burI taraha dalita kara rakhA hai| sadiyoMke atyAcAra aura prapIr3anane usakI vRttiyoMko vikRta, icchAoMko sImita aura vikAsako kuMThita banA rakhA hai| bAlikAoM ko bahuta hI jaldI byAha diyA jAtA hai| prAyaH gAvoMmeM acche gharoMmeM daza varSa kI bhI lar3akI byAha dI jAtI hai / aura phira kathita ucca vargoM meM vidhavA vivAha bhI nahIM hotaa| ina sabase hone vAlI jIvanakI hAhAkArakA vaha kaba taka sAmanA kare ? patana bhI hotA hai aura samAjakI sukumAra veli snehake jalake vinA asamaya hI murajhA jAtI hai / usakI Aha samAjake hRdayakA ghuna bana baiThI hai / zvasurake rahate vadhU apane patise jI bhara haMsa khela bhI nahIM sakatI aura sAsa banane taka usake aramAna mara jAte haiM phira vaha putravadhU para yantraNAeM karake apane yauvanakI Ahata kAmanAoMkA pratizodha letI hai / nanada bhAbhIko sadAcArakA pATha par3hAtI hai, jeThakI strI nIti aura gharakI bar3I bUr3hI dharmakI zikSA detI haiN| phira bhI svabhAvase bundelakhaMDa kI bAlA vinodinI hai| vaha ina sabakI abhyasta sI hai aura usakI svAbhAvika haMsI para yaha saba yAtanAeM kama prabhAva DAlatI haiN| prakatikA use yaha varadAna haiM ki rUkhA sUkhA khAkara vaha svastha rahatI hai| kaThora parizrama kara thor3A vizrAma pAkara prasanna hotI hai aura sAdhAraNa zRgArake upacAroMse ho saundaryako vibhUSita karatI hai| samAjameM kumArI rahane para mAtA pitAke yahAM lar3akI lAr3a-cAvase rakkhI jAtI hai aura vaivAhika jIvanakI apekSA svatantra bhI rahatI hai| gharakI vadhuaoMse vaha kAma kAja sIkhatI haiM aura nanhI sI umrameM hI vivAha hone para prAya: ve samayase pUrva hI vadhU bana jAtI hai / para vivAhake uparAnta tIna yA pAMca sAla meM prAyaH dvirAgamana hotA hai| isa kAraNa vaha kizora hote hote hI vAstava meM praNayI jIvana bitAneko apane patike ghara jAtI hai| antArASTrIya samitine jisakA pahale pradhAna kAryAlaya jinevAmeM thA, nArI viSayaka khojakI eka upasamiti banAyI thii| usane apanA nirNaya bar3e anusandhAnake uparAnta diyA thA ki praur3ha vivAha kI apekSA bAlavivAha jIvanako adhika sukhI banAtA hai| para ati hara eka vastukI burI hotI hai / bundelakhaMDameM bAlavivAha bhI usI ati para pahuMca cukA hai| uccavarNakI striyoM meM sAmAjika adhikAra nimnavarNakI striyoM kI apekSA kama hai / uccavarNakI strI aba bhI manu mahArAjakI AjJAke anusAra kumArI avasthAmeM pitAke zAsana meM, vivAhita hone para patike aura 547
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha vRddha yA vidhavA hone para lar3akoM ke zAsana meM rahatI hai / "na strI svAtantrya marhati " usapara akSarazaH lAgU hotA hai / vaidika dharmazAstra ke anusAra bhale hI bahuta kucha sampatti ( strIdhana) kI adhikAriNI ho para bundelakhaMDa kI nArIkA koI vAstava meM dhana nahIM / vivAha ke samaya car3hAye gaye jevarAta vastra bhI usake pati na sirpha apanA samajhate haiM varan juAMrI pati saba kucha dAva para marje meM lagA dete haiM aura vicArI nArI samajhatI hai ki usa para usakA adhikAra nahIM / sampatti ke baMTavAre meM use kabhI kucha nahIM milatA aura kevala roTI kapar3A pAnekA usakA adhikAra hai, vaha bhI ucchiSTa aura parityakta / uccavarNIya vidhavAkI sthiti zocanIya hai / bAlavivAha hone para, pati ke mara jAne para bAlikA ko apane lie vidhavA samajhanA kaThina ho jAtA hai / guptaprema, vyabhicAra aura bhra UNahatyAeM bhI hotI haiN| para isa sabase adhika hotI hai zAzvata nirAzA aura kabhI kabhI hotA hai vidroha / usa vidrohiNI nArIko samAja ghRNA, upekSA aura tiraskAra kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai / para vAstava meM vahI azikSita prakRtiratA yuvatI nArI svatantratA aura krAntikI pratIka hai / nimnavarNakI nArI apanI samakAlIna tathokta ucca varNoMkI nArIse kahIM svatantra aura sukhI hai / kAchI, korI, DhImara, varaI, nAI, dhobI, camAra tathA atpRzya jAtiyoMmeM jaise vasora aura bhaMgI sabameM vidhavA vivAha kI prathA hai / strI prathama patike mara jAne para tathA usake dvArA parityAga kiye jAne para jise "chor3a chuTThI" kahate haiM punaH varaNa kI jA sakatI hai / ise "gharana / " kahate haiM / isa rakkhI huI strIko bhI naye patiko acchI taraha rakhanA par3atA / prAyaH ina jAtiyoM meM striyAM sukhI hone para sajAtIya anya puruSake sAtha bhAga jAtI haiM; phira mukadamA bhI calate haiM to vApasa le lI jAtI haiM / bhagA le jAnevAlA pahale pati ko "byAhagati" dekara arthAt pUrva praNaya kA kharca dekara phira vivAha kara sakatA hai / idhara yaha nimnavarNI nArI apane patikI taraha zramajIvI hai / vaha bhI ghAsa kATatI, lakar3I bInatI khetIkA kAma karatI hai / usakI isa taraha nijakI sampatti hotI hai / usakA samAjameM isa kAraNa eka svataMtra sthAna hai / idhara ina sabhI kahI huI jAtiyoM meM 'paiThuvA' kI bhI prathA hai arthAt dhanI strI jisakA pati mara cukA ho apane jAtike avivAhita yA vidhura puruSa ko vataura laiMgika sAthI ( Sex Companion) rakha letI hai / isa puruSa kA usakI sampatti para koI adhikAra nahIM hotA / basa yaha khAtA pItA, kAma karatA hai / usakI khetI bArI dekhatA hai| usake dvArA hue bacce jAyaja mAne jAte haiM / vaha yadi prathama patise bacce na hoM to pUrI sampatti para anyathA AdhI para adhikAra pAte haiM / svatantra bhArata ko zikSA dIkSA ke abhAva meM vidyAhInA, kalAhInA, saMskArahInA, dInA, dalitA, bundelakhaMDa kI nArI ko jAgRta aura svatantra, sukhI aura sampanna karanA hogaa| usa samaya usakI una svAbhA vika, prakRtidatta zaktiyoM kA samucita aura sugaThita vikAsa hogA / jinake svastha vIja usake sahaja rUpa meM Aja bhI spaSTa haiN| 548
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________________ svargIya paM0 zivadarzanalAla vAjapeyI sudhAkara zukla, sAhityazAstrI, kAvyatIrtha prAcIna kAlase hI vAGmayake vistAra evaM pracArake lie samaya samaya para brahmarSi tathA rAjA avatIrNa hote rahe haiM / unake stutya prayatnoMke kAraNa apUrNa pArthiva padArthoM meM bhI Aja bhI divyatAke darzana ho jAte haiN| una niSkAma karmayogiyoMne nirjana kAntAroMmeM gurukula banAkara jaMgala meM maMgala upasthita kara diyA thaa| aise gurukuloMse himAlaya aura vindhyake vizAla araNya bhare par3e the jinameM sakala-kalA-kuzala kulapatiyoMkI saMrakSakatAmeM daza sahastra bAlaka vidyopArjanake sAtha sAtha bharaNa poSaNa bhI pAte the / bhAradvAja, atri, aMgirA, jamadagni, vaziSTha, vizvAmitra, varatantu, vAlmIki, agastya aura kaNva, prabhRti kulapatiyoMkI kRpAse hI bhArata bhUtakAlakA bhAla-bhUSaNa banA huA thaa| aura avanati kAla meM bhI ve nAlandA aura takSazilA jaise vizAla vidyApIThoMko pratIka rupa meM chor3a gaye, jinake pANini, vararuci aura cANakya jaise vidyA vizArada snAtakoMne mohamagna aura yavanapadAkrAnta AryAvartako patanake gambhIra gartase nikAla hI nahIM liyA apitu prAcIna paddhatiyoMko hI uddhArakA aAdhAra siddha kara dikhAyA / saca pUchiye to alpa vyaya meM analpajJAna-rAzi vitaraNa karane vAle vaha gurukula, zrAjake puSkala dhanarAziko homa dene vAle vAhyADambaroMke pracAraka, svAsthyake dAvAnala Adhunika vizva vidyAlayoMko cunautI de rahe haiM / Aja to jJAna aura vijJAnake sAdhanoMkI apekSA vidyAbhavanoMke nirmANa meM kahIM adhika dhana vyaya kiyA jAtA hai kintu prAcIna kAla meM 'ahaHnIvAra muSTipacanA' maharSi kevala zaila zilAtaloM para baiThakara adhyApana karate hue prakRtikI kRtiko kitanA kamanIya aura pAvana banA dete hoMge / 'ete ta eva girayo viruvanmayUrAstAnyeva mattahariNAni zilAtalAni, ye vAtitheyaparamA yamino bhajante, nIvAra muSTipacanA gRhiNo gRhANi / ' adhyayanAdhyApanakI yaha prakRti pAvana prAcIna praNAlI yadyapi kAla-cakrakI lapeTa meM A gayI haiM parantu sarvathA nAmazeSa nahIM ho pAyI aura Aja bhI kucha tapodhana manasvI usako jIvita rakhaneke prayatnameM prANapaNase saceSTa haiN| hamAre caritanAyaka paM. zivadarzanalAlajI vAjapeyI usI paramparA ke the, yadyapi samayakI gati tathA paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa unakI zikSA dIkSA paryApta rupase na ho sakI thii| phira bhI honahAra viravAnake hota cIkane pAta'ke anusAra ApameM vRddhoM tathA vidvAnoMmeM bhakti,
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha dalitoM aura azaktoM meM zrAsakti evaM samAja sevAmeM anurakti, Adi bhavya bhAva bAlyakAla se hI parilakSita hote the / Apa apane sadaguNoMko chipAnekA prayatna nirantara karate rahate the / mita zabda mAnoM Apake bhASaNa, bhojana aura vyayakA vizeSaNa bananeke lie hI nirmita huA thA / saMyama to Ajanma abhyasta thA / kAryakAriNI kSamatA pUrva thI / charaharI gaurI gAtrayaSTi, alikAla kuntala, vizAla bhAla-bhUSita tripuNDra, lambe zravaNayugma, unnata nAsikA, tanu aura aruNa zroSThoM para caTaka kAlI mUMcha, kalita kalhAra sA vadana, manohara grIvA, pralamba bAhu, prazasta vakSaHsthala, nirADambara veza, hRdaya nirAveza, dRSTi prAyaH sani tra, zuddha zveta khaddarakI dhotI aura sAphA, yahAM taka ki caraNatrANa taka zveta, yahI unakI beSa bhUSA thI, yahI the auraiyA gurukulake kulapati paM0 zivadarzanalAla vAjapeyI / kAnyakubja brAhmaNa kula meM janma liyA thA / janmabhUmi kAnapura ke samIpa thI parantu yuvAvasthA meM Apane auraiyA meM padAparNa kiyA jahAM ki ApakA vivAha huA thA / zvasurAlaya meM eka mAtra duhitA ke sAtha sAtha sampatti ke bhI pati bane aura vahAM rahane lage, aba ApakI vaya cauvIsake nikaTa thI, unhI dinoM paM0 choTelAla daddU aura paM0 kezavaprasAda jI zuklane apane prAnta meM devavANI saMskRtakA uttarottara hrAsa hote dekhA, vicArane lage kyA kiyA jAya ? saMskRta pracArakA zubha vicAra unake pariSkRta mastiSka meM utpanna huA / udghATana bhI ho gayA bar3e utsAha aura utsava ke sAtha vidyAlayakA ; para 'yathArambhastathAsamAptiH ' ke anusAra jitane zIghra utsAha jAgRta huA paryApta sahayoga ke abhAva meM utane hI zIghra vaha suna hone lagA / usa samaya unakI sahayogasatRSNa dRSTi jaise hI vAjapeyI jI para par3I ki 'mAnahu sUkhata zAli kheta para ghana ghaharAne' phira kyA thA ! vAjapeyIjI juTa par3e jI jAnase / unakA to janma hI janatA janArdanakI sevA ke lie huA thaa| unakI niSThA aura nizchala sevApravRtti Adiko dekhakara sabhAne saMsthAkA sUtra unhIke sabala karoMmeM samarpita kara diyA / vAjapeyIjI ne dekhA saMskRta vidyAlayake lie koI bhavana nahIM hai, Apane zIghra hI apanA bAga jisameM eka ziva maTha aura vRkSathe vidyAlayako dAna kara diyA / bhUmito ho gayI para bhavanakA prazna jaTila thA / vartamAna kI AvazyakatA koI aisI na thI jisake lie unheM vizeSa cintita honA par3atA / eka kakSa meM kAma cala sakatA jo pAMcasau rupaye meM bana jAtA kyoMki usa samaya chAtroMkI saMkhyA pandraha yA bIsa thI parantu ve dUradarzI the| apanI saMsthAko mahAvidyAlayakA rUpa denekI unakI abhilASA thii| isa ugra AkAMkSAne usa taruNa tapasvIko palabhara bhI baiThane nahIM diyA / unake vyaktitvakA prabhAva hI aisA thA ki jisake samakSa kRpaNa bhI udAra bana jAte the | pariNAmataH bAga ke prAMgaNakI chAtrAvAsase ghera diyA aura madhya meM anekoM vizAla kakSa banavAye / unakA hRdaya saba kucha saha sakatA thA para zrArtanAda nahIM suna sakatA thA / rogiyoMkI daridratA aura DAkTaroMkI hRdayahInatA se kSubdha hokara unhoMne svAsthya pracAra karanekA saMkalpa kara liyA / ataH eka vizAla rasAyanazAlAkA nirmANa karAyA / eka pIyUSapANi cikitsaka cUr3AmaNiko adhyApaka niyukta kiyA 550
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________________ svargIya paM0 zivadarzanalAla vAjapeyI jinhoMne jayapura sammelana, aura tibbI kAleja dillIkI parIkSAoM ke lie bIsiyoM kSAtroMko yogya bnaayaa| pratyakSa jJAna ke lie eka rasAyana zAstrIjI niyukta kiye gaye jo Ayurvedika chAtroMko auSadhi nirmANa meM kuzala banAte haiM, yahAM saba prakArake rasa, svarNa bhasma, vaMga bhasma aura sabhI Asava, ariSTa, vaTI, ghRta, taila, Adi siddha kiye jAte haiM aura yaha rasAyanazAlA auSadhi nirmANa meM pramANa mAnI jAtI hai / samIpake prAntIya DisTrikTa borDake auSadhAlayoM meM yahIM se sabhI auSadhiyAM jAtI haiM, yahI nahIM ki kevala Ayurveda meM hI itanI unnati huI ho apitu vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa, nyAya, vedAnta, purANa, itihAsa, darzana aura vedakA bhI pUrNa aura vidhivat zikSaNa hone lagA / vidyAlayakA vikAsa-krama pahile to kArya yathA tathA hI calatA rahA para zrI vAjapeyIjI ke praveza karate hI saMsthA kI ruparekhA hI kucha aura hone lgii| kAryakrama sucAru rUpa se calAne ke lie paM0 vaidyanAtha zAstrI kI niyukti kI gyii| unhoMne yogyatApUrvaka kArya kiyA / kucha kAla pazcAt vaha pharrukhAbAda cale gaye / isake bAda paM0 tribhuvananAthajI Aye / ye bar3e hI vidvAna aura buddhimAn the / inake AcAra vicArase tatkAlIna vAtAvaraNako pahile se adhika lAbha huaa| yaha vyAkaraNa cArya, sAhityAcArya tathA vedAnta zAstrI the| aneka varSoM taka santoSajanaka kArya karake yaha goyanakA vidyAlaya kAzI cale gaye aura inake sthAna para paNDita pravara ramAzaMkara jI pratiSThita hue| yaha vyAkaraNa aura sAhitya donoM ke hI prAcArya the / para yaha jJAta na ho sakA ki donoM viSayoM meM se unakI kisameM adhika gati hai / vastutaH donoM hI viSayoM meM apratihata gati thI / adhyApana kI yaha vizeSatA thI ki khilAr3I se khilAr3I vidyArthI jaTilatama viSaya ko AsAnI se hRdayaMgama kara letA / aura svabhAva sarala, parizramI / inake samayase vAstavika vikAsa kA prArambha huaa| inhoMne to adhyayana aura adhyApana kI dizA hI badala dI parantu kucha varSa bAda ye pradhAnAdhyApaka hokara prayAga cale gaye / paM0 lalitAprasAda jI DabarAla isake bAda prAcArya DavarAla jI padhAre / Apa vyAkaraNAcArya, kAvyatIrtha, vedAnta-vAcaspati haiM / yaha una vyaktiyoM meM se haiM jinase svayaM upAdhiyAM gauravAnvita hotI haiM / Apa una do cAra nirIha nirahaMkAra manuSyoM meM se haiM jo apane granthoM meM apanA nAma nahIM dete, apane nAma ke sAtha upAdhi nahIM jor3ate aura apane caraNa chupAne meM saMkoca karate haiM / inhIMke darzana karane kA saubhAgya mujhe prApta huA / 'naiSadhIya' par3hAte paDhAte Apa nAcane lagate aura khaNDana khaNDakAvya kA bhASya karate samaya adbhuta vaktRtvazakti kA paricaya dete / inakA nAma sunakara khurjA, bulandazahara, chaparA, gar3havAla bAMdA, Adi dUra dUra sthAnoM ke 551
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha AcArya ke chAtra auraiyA saMskRta vidyAlaya meM Aye / vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, vedAnta, mImAMsA, dharmazAstra, darzana, purANa aura itihAsa kA samasta bAGmaya inako hastAmalakavat thA / ina saba zAstroMke vidyArthiyoM ko aMgrejI anivArya rupa se par3hanI thI / isI samaya vidyAlaya apane carama utkarSa para pahuMca cukA thA / kAzI, karavI aura khurjA ko chor3akara utanA bar3A saMskRta vidyAlaya uttara bhArata meM sambhavataH anyatra kahIM na thA / vidyAlaya bastI se dUra hone ke kAraNa tapovana bana rahA thA / agnihotroM ke dhUmapuJjase piMgapAdapa pallava kulapati kaNvke tapaHpUta zrAzrama kA smaraNa karAye vinA na rahate / brAhmamuhUta meM kahIM vaTuvRnda sandhyopAsana kara rahe haiM, koI svAdhyAya meM saMlagna hai to koI Asana bichA rahe haiM; eka vyAyAma nirata hai to dUsare bilvapatra cayana kara rahe haiN| idhara mRgazizu pRthvI sUMghatA phiratA hai udhara deva maMtroccAraNa aura deva maThameM ghaNTA dhvaniyoM ke bIca mayUra kuhuka uThatA hai / itanA saba kucha hone para bhI zrI vAjapeyI jI prAyaH yahI kahA karate the ki abhI to hamAre vidyAlaya kA zaizava hI hai / itane alpakAla meM itanI unnati ke sAtha prativarSa navIna viSayoMke udghATana aura pratimAsa nayI nayI yojanAeM dekhakara loga na jAne kisa kAlpanika vAGmaya lokameM vicaraNa karane lage the ki ' hA hanta hanta nalinIM gaja unahAra' vAjapeyI jI jvaragrasta hue / hemanta Rtu thI, zanaiH zanaiH zaktipAla ne unakI ihalIlA samApta kara dI / ujar3A huA upavana vastutaH vAjapeyI jI to marakara bhI amara bana gaye para unakA upavana vaha mahAvidyAlaya ujar3a gayA / unake dAha saMskAra se lauTakara maiMne dekhA to vidyAlaya ke aNu aNuse karuNA vaha rahI thI, bAjapeyI jI ke viyoga meM vidyAlaya bhI vibhAvihina ho gayA / unake abhAva meM samiti ke zeSa sadasyoMkI zakti parimita raha gayI / eka varSa jyoM tyoM karake Tala sakA ki paTaTU AcAryako asabhyatA pUrvaka apamAnita kara nikAla diyA gayA | kulapatike nidhana ke pazcAt usa vidyAlaya ke dhana aura dharma vahI AcArya the yaha sarvavidita thA / ina mahAnubhAvameM eka truTi avazya thI ki vaha kalikAlAnukUla na bana sake aura na ve apane prabhuoM ko yajJopavIta aura phalopahAra de sake / vAjapeyI jI ke bAda yahAM guNoM kI koI uparyukta kasauTI na rahI thI, ataH aneka zAstra niSNAta DabarAla jaise AcArya ke sabhI guNa durguNa bana gaye / isake bAda yaha prastAva AyA ki svargIya vAjapeyI jI kA eka tailacitra vidyAlaya meM laTakAyA jAya, jisase unakI pAvana pratimA kA pratibimba nirantara pratyakSa rahe / parantu kucha gaNya mAnya vyaktiyoM ko yaha prastAva bhI na jaMcA / jisa dezameM nRzaMza zAsakoM kI puruSa pramANa- pratimAeM pracura dhanarAzi vyaya kara catuSpathoM para Aropita hotI rahI hoM vahAM dIna dukhiyoM ke uddhAraka aura devavANI ke pracAraka ke taila citrake TAMge jAne meM bhI bAdhA ! kRtaghnatA kI parAkASThA ho gayI / vAjapeyI jI ke nidhana se kevala vidyAlayako hI 552
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________________ svargIya paM0 zivadarzanalAla vAjapeyI dhakkA nahIM lagA, varan svayaMsevaka samiti, pustakAlaya, sthAnIya zahara kameTI, kAMgresa kameTI, sabhI ko bhayaMkara AghAta pahuMcA / dinacaryA icchA zakti meM dRr3ha evaM niyama pAlanameM kaThora hone ke kAraNa loga zrI vAjapeyI jI ko haThI samajhate the / vastutaH ve haThI to nahIM haThadharmI avazya the ! unakA niyama thA prAtaH cAra baje zayyA tyAga denA, zaucAdise nivRta honA aura sadyaH snAna kara sandhyopAsana hita baiTha jAnA / svastha hoM yA asvastha, zakti rahate vaha apane niyamase nahIM Tale / tatpazcAt vaha vidyAlaya ke lie candA karane cale jAte yA tatsabandhI anya kArya meM saMlagna ho jAte / dasa baje se apanI dUkAna para pahuMca jAte / vahAM dUkAna ke kAmake sAtha-sAtha vidyAlayakA kAma bhI karate aura usakI unnati ke lie nayI-nayI yojanAeM banAte / cAra baje dUkAna chor3akara cAra kosa taka gAvoMmeM candA karane cale jAte / candAkA dhana apane sAtha nahIM lete| kisI vizvasta gRhastha ke yahAM rakhakara cale Ate, bhojana to kahIM karate hI na the, aura yadi pyAsa bhI lagatI to paricita AcAra vyaktike yahAM hI pAnI pIte / yadi lauTane meM adhika rAtri ho gayI aura ghara meM bhojanAdikI vyavasthA na pAyI to khicar3I pakAyI aura putrake sAtha khAkara vidyAlaya kA Aya-vyaya kA hisAba karane lage / jaba taka hisAba ThIka na bana pAtA sone na jAte / idhara cAhe kitanI dera meM sote para prAtaH cAra baje avazya uTha baiThate / kabhI-kabhI rAtri meM bahuta kama so pAte phira bhI dinameM kabhI na sote the / nirIkSaNa saMskRta vidyAlayoM meM prAyaH aharniza hI adhyayana krama calatA rahatA hai / ve adhyApakoM kA adhika sammAna karate the / ataH uttaradAyI hone para bhI kabhI unase adhyayana kAryake viSaya meM kisI prakArake prazna na karate / vidyArthiyoM kA nirIkSaNa karane meM satata satarka rahate aura apanI dUkAna para hI baiThe-baiThe dekhate rahate ki kauna vidyArthI bAjAra adhika Ate jAte haiM / aura ati dekhakara cupake se AcArya se una lar3akoMke AcAra vicAra Adi ke viSaya meM sAvadhAnIse jAMca par3atAla karAte / vidyAlaya se unakA ghara eka mIla se kucha hI kama hogA, parantu rAtri meM bhI nirIkSaNa karanese na cUkate / gharase lAlaTena lekara cala diye, vidyAlaya se sau kadama dUra hI battI kama kara lI aura bAhara khir3akIke pAsa cupa cApa khar3e ho ho kara pratyeka kakSa meM pratyeka zreNIke vidyArthiyoM ko dekhate rahate ki par3hate haiM yA bAteM karate haiM; aura bAteM bhI karate haiM to viSaya kyA hai / isa prakAra prAyaH vidyArthiyoM kI vyaktigata vRttiyoMse paricita hI rahate the| hAM itanI udAstA unameM thI ki durguNoM ko dekha kara bhI duguNIse ghRNA nahIM karate the aura na kabhI kisI vidyArthIke sAtha kaThora vyavahAra karate the, unameM kaSTa sahiSNutA evaM kSamAzIlatA asAdhAraNa thI, jaba adhika ThaNDa par3atI yA jala barasatA hotA, yA kAlI rAta hotI, aise avasaroM para prAyaH nirIkSaNa avazya hI karate / 553 70
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha vinaya ke sAtha sudhAra-bhAvanA eka bAra jAr3eke dina the / mAhAuTa par3a rahI thii| vidyArthI kucha paDharahe the, kucha khela rahe the, eka kakSameM kucha vidyArthI aneka prakArakI kizora-sulabha bAteM kara rahe the, eka vidyArthI khar3A hokara kucha bhASaNa dene lagA, bhASaNa kyA thA anargala-pralApa, krama-hIna vAkya rcnaa| kakSameM sabhI vidmArthI usa rAga raMgameM itane magna the ki bAhya vAtAvaraNa kA kisI ko bhAna hI nahIM rahA ki aksamAt eka pratimAne praveza kiyA / jaba vaha hAtha jor3a kara kucha kahane ko hue to sabhIke pairake nIce kI jamIna khisaka gayI. ve bole govardhana jI ! yaha pAjAmA Apa hameM dene kI kRpA kareM to acchA ho isameM do garIboMke zarIra DhakeMge, isake bAda thor3A bahata samajhA kara cale gaye / bAta yaha thI ki govardhanane DhIlI muharI kA laMklATa kA pAjAmA pahana rakkhA thA / saMskRta vidyAlayoMmeM veSa bhUSA Adi kA adhika Adara nahIM hotA aura phira vAjapeyI jI jaise nisarga sarala, usapara bhI kAMgresa bhakta, zuddha sarala khaddarake ananya upAsaka dekha rahe the; saMskRta kA vidyArthI, dhotI nahIM pAjAmA, vaha bhI cUr3IdAra nahIM DhIlA, aura vajrapAta to yaha ho gayA ki vaha khaddara kA na hokara laMklATa kA thaa| astu hama logoMne chAnavIna kI ki yaha kaba aura kidharase A gaye / dUsare dina nigna kakSAke vidyArthIne batAyA ki rAta ko jaba pAnI barasa rahA thA sar3aka para laghuzaMkA karane gayA to sar3aka para kucha dUra battI camakI phira acAnaka guma ho gyii| basa phira kyA thA saba kucha jJAta ho gyaa| kartavya priyatA jaba vAjapeyIjI TAuna eriyA kameTIke sadasya the to kabhI kabhI pAnI barasaneke samaya ghUma ghUma kara lAlaTenoMko kholakara dekhate the ki kahIM naukara tela to kama nahIM DAla gyaa| eka bAra satyAgrahameM bhAga leneke kAraNa Apako chai mahIneke lie jela bhI jAnA par3A thA para itane dinoM vahAM Apane bhuje cane tathA dUdhako chor3akara aura kucha grahaNa na kiyaa| sArvajanika saMsthAoM ke lie candA karanA viSapAnakI bhAMti kaThina kArya hai phira bhI vAjapeyI jI bar3e dhairyake sAtha use kiyA karate the / para sAtha hI sAtha apane antaH karaNakI dhvaniko ve manda nahIM hone dete the| iTAvA jileke eka grAmameM eka raIsake yahAM upanayana saMskAra thaa| Ayojana bhI vaibhavake anusAra hI huaa| vidyAlayake lie candAkA suyoga dekha kara vAjapeyI jI bhI pahuMce / prAntake aneka raIsa upasthita the| aAtithya mahodayane vAjapeyIjose bhojanakA Agraha kiyA para yaha to nikaTa sambandhIko chor3akara aura kahIM anna grahaNa karate hI na the to yaha kahA gayA ki kamase kama khoyekI miThAI to khA hI liijiye| inhoMne socA ki kahIM aisA na ho ki yaha aprasanna ho jAya to vidyAlayakI hAni ho| ataH inhoMne kucha per3e lekara icchA na hone para bhI pAnIke sAtha nigala liye / calate samaya candekI prArthanA kI / una mahAnubhAvane pAMca rupaye de diye, inhoMne bahuta kucha kahA para vaha to isase Age 'sUcyaMgre na kezava' para ar3a gaye / raIsa 554
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________________ svargIya paM0 zivadarzanalAla vAjapeyI mahodayakA koI doSa nahIM thA / saMkalpita dravyameM se inhe kucha aura de dete to nartakiyoMke hisAbameM kamI par3a jaatii| tapasvI brAhmaNa cala diyaa| azraddhAse diye gaye una pAMca rupayese unake manameM AtmaglAni utpanna ho gayI / bAhara eka nirmala jala kUpa dIkha par3A to kinAre para baiTha gaye / kaNTha taka madhyamA aura tarjanIke dvArA vamana karanA prArambha kiyaa| taba taka samApta na kiyA jaba taka vizvAsa naho gayA ki aba usa grAmakA jala kaNa bhI udarameM nahIM rahA / kullA kiyA, kucha gAyatrI maMtra bhI japa kiyA aura taba cle| vidvadbhakti eka bAra pradhAna prAcArya ke yahAMse dhImara calA gayA jo caukAbartana Adi kiyA karatA thA / unhoMne maMtrIjI yAnI pAjapeyIjI se kahA ki dhImarakA prabandha kara diijiye| dhImara mila na sakA para caukA bartana usI kramase ThIka milatA rahA ataH pradhAnAdhyApakane bhI phira idhara dhyAna hI nahIM diyA / isa prakAra eka mahinA bIta gyaa| eka dina eka zAstrIkA vidyArthI prAtaH par3haneko utthaa| usane kisIkoaMdheremeM caukA karake bartana malate dekhA / vaha AyA to dRzya dekhakara sanna raha gyaa| svayaM vAjapeyIjI bartana mala rahe the / vaha vidyArthI jaba taka pradhAnAdhyApakako batAne gayA, taba taka Apa bartana DhaMgase rakhakara cale jA cuke the| eka bAra bastI meM mahAmArIkA prakopa huaa| Apa sevA samitike bhI sadasya the| pakke sanAtanI hone para bhI mRta achUtoMke zava yamunA ghATa bhejane aura anAtha rugNoMkI cikitsAkA prabandha karanemeM saMlagna rahe jaba ki ghara para eka mAtra putra zivAdhara roga zaiyAkA sevana kara rahA thA / par3osiyoM ne kahApahile ghara phira bAhara / Apa putrakI dekha rekha nahIM karate / Apane uttara diyA-jo sabakI dekha rekha karatA hai vaha usakI bhI kregaa| anekake samakSa ekakA utanA mahattva nahIM / par3osiyoMne kucha na kahA / mana hI mana praNAma kiyA aura vahI loga zivAdharajI kI suzrUSA karane lge| aucitya pAlana maiM pahile hI kaha cukA hUM ki vidyAlaya prAcIna tapovanoMkA pratIka hai| ataH vahAM druma, lalita latAeM, gurutama gulma evaM vanaspatiyoMkA honA svAbhAvika hI hai aura kAzIphala kUSmANDa to sarvatra hI sulabha hai| eka dina zivAdharajI eka laukI lekara ghara aaye| pitAjIne pUchA-beTA yaha kahAM se lAye / unhoMne uttara diyA-maiM vidyAlaya gayA thA to gurujIne dI hai / ___ vAjapeyIjIne kahA-beTA vidyAlayako to denA hI cAhiye usase lenA ThIka nahIM, jAno abhI de Ayo aura gurujIke caraNa chUkara kSamA mAMgo aura sAtha hI pratijJA karo ki aba aisA na karUMgA / becAre bAlakako aisA hI karane para chuTakArA milA / aparigraha vAjapeyIjI ne apanI bhUmi vidyAlayako dAna kara dI / apanI dukAnako caupaTa kara diyA aura
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha akAla meM hI kAla kavalita ho jAne tathA arthAbhAvake kAraNa ekamAtra evaM prANapriya putrako ucca zikSAse vaMcita rkhaa| ataH tana-mana-dhana aura dharma lagAkara bhI jisa vyaktine vidyAlaya banAyA, bar3hAyA aura paryApta koSa chor3akara nikaTa bhaviSya meM gatyavarodhase bhI bacAyA, usakA tailacitra bhI vidyAlaya svIkAra na kara sake yaha kitanI kRtaghnatAkI bAta hai ! jaisAki pahile likhA jA cukA hai, vAjapegIjI ne vidyAlayake antargata AyurvedIya-rasAyana zAlA ko sthApanA bhI karavAyI thI, jahAM para sabhI prakArake rasa, bhasma, Asava, ariSTa, Adi zAstrIya vidhise banAye jAte haiM / AyurvedAcArya paM0 jagannAthajI pANDeya isa vibhAgake pramukha haiN| vAjapeyIjIko jaba sannipAtane grasa liyA to bastIke prAyaH sabhI vaidyoMkI sammati huI ki amuka rasa diyA jAya aura vaha rasAyana zAlAse hI maMgAyA jAya kyoMki vaha zuddha zAstrIya vidhise siddha hai| maiM usa samaya vahIM baiThA thaa| maiMne sunA, zivAdharajI bole, aura jahAMse batAiye maiM magAneko taiyAra hU cAhe jitanA mUlya lage, parantu apanI rasAyana zAlAkI koI bhI auSadhi na dIjiye, pitAjIkI yaha AjJA hai| isa para bhI jaba eka vaidyane kahA ki vaha rasa kyA hai rAmabANa hI samajhiye aura phira paisAto de rahe haiM / zivAdharajI rokara kahane lage aMtima samaya meM unakA niyama na tor3iye / jIvana bhara unhoMne vidyAlayakI koI vastu grahaNa nahIM kI,aura bImAra honeke pUrva hI uhoMne mujhase kahA thA ki apanI rasAyanazAlAkI auSadhi mere lie na maMgAnA / Akhira aihika lIlA samApta kara dI para apanI pratIjJAse na Tale / apane 'yazaHzarIreNA' ve Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM para vidyAlayake bhagnAvazeSoMke zrAMsU pochane vAlA Aja koI nhiiN| yadi yahI krama rahA to vaha dina dara nahIM jaba vidyAlaya meM phira yathApUrva 15 vidyArthI hI raha jAyage aura dhIre dhIre ve bhI khisaka jaaveNge| hamAre dezameM saMskRta premiyoMkI kamI nahIM / pU0 mahAtmA gAMdhIjI to pratyeka bhAratIyake lie saMskRta adhyayana Avazyaka mAnate the aura dezaratna rAjendrabAbUne apane atyanta vyasta jIvanameM bhI saMskRta sAhitya para eka atyanta vidvattApUrNa pustaka likhA hai / sAdhana sampanna vaizyasamAja meM bhI saMskRta ke prati zraddhA-bhakti vidyamAna hai aura sunA hai ki saMyukta prAntake zikSAmaMtrI saMskRtapremI hI nahIM svayaM acche saMskRtajJa bhI haiM / aura sarvopari bAta yaha hai ki svargIya vAjapeyIjI kI tapasyAse jinhoMne lAbha uThAyA thA aise pacAsoM vidyArthI yatra tatra vidyamAna haiM, ina sabake hote hue bhI yaha saMskRta vidyAlaya, devavANIkA yaha Adabhuta upavana ujar3a jAya, isase adhika darbhAgyakI bAta aura kyA ho sakatI hai| para hama nirAzAvAdI nhiiN| apane prAntameM saMskRta vizvavidyAlayakI sthApanAkI carcA cala rahI hai aura baMgAlake gavarnara mAnanIya kailAzanAthajI kATajU to saMskRtako rASTrabhASAke rupameM dekhanA cAhate hai| hameM AzA hai ki hAmare vidyAlayakI ora bhI ina mahAnubhAvoMkA dhyAna jAyagA aura vAjapeyI jI ke usa upavanameM "aihai bahuri basanta Rtu, ina DArana ve phuul|"
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________________ sva. bA0 kRSNabaladevajI varmA zrI gaurIzaGkara dvivedI 'zaGkara' ___san 1624 kI dIpAvalI thI / sva0 rAyasAhaba paM0 gopAladAsa jI uraI lauTane ke lie moTara kI pratIkSA kara rahe the, kAlapI DAkagharake cabUtarepara hama loga baiTe hue the; bAjArase AtA huA ikkA rukA aura usa para se eka nATe kada ke bhadra puruSane haMsate hue Akara hAtha jor3a kara rAyasAhaba se praNAma aura mujhase bhI rAmarAma kii| kurasI para jaba vaha baiTha gaye taba rAyasAhabane merI ora saMketa karake una sajana se kahA ki Apa jAnate haiM na, ye bhI sAhityaka aura kavi haiM aura kavIndra kezava ke vaMzadharoM ke jAmAtA haiM / antima vAkyane una sajanapara jAdU jaisA asara kiyA / ve bar3I zIghratA se uThakara mujha se gale mile aura rokane para bhI paira chU hI lie / pahale isake ki maiM kucha kaha sakU unhoMne kahanA prArambha kara diyA ki kevala kavIndra kezava ho ko maiM apanA kavitA-gurU aura hindI bhASAkA kA prathama zrAcArya mAnatA huuN| yaha bar3e hI saubhAgyakA dina hai jo Apa se anAyAsa hI bheTa ho gayI, kyA kavIndra kezavake vaMzadhara isI bundelakhaMDa meM aba bhI haiM ! ityAdi bar3I dera taka bAteM hotI rahIM / rAyasAhaba uraI cale bhI gaye kintu unakI bAtoM kA tAMtA samApta nahIM ho rahA thA / yaha unakI hamezA kI prakRti thI-kitane hI Avazyaka kArya se kahIM jA rahe hoM kisI viSaya vizeSa para carcA uTha khar3I ho to usa Avazyaka kAryako bhUla jAyaMge aura apane viSayakA taba taka nirantara pratipAdana kareMge jaba taka Apa bhalI prakAra santuSTa na ho jAya / sva. bA. kRSNabaladeva jI varmAse yaha merI prathama bheMTa thI, phira to maiM unakA adhika kRpApAtra, unake parivAra kA eka sadasya sA aura kAlapIvAloM ke lie una jaisA hI eka nAgarika bana gayA thaa| vahAM ke kitane hI saMsmaraNa haiM kintu unakI carcA yahAM na karUMgA / sva0 varmA jI ke sambandha meM hI saMkSepameM likhatA huuN| sva0 bA0 kRSNabaladeva jI varmAkA janma saM0 1627 vi0 meM vedavyAsa jI kI janmabhUmi kAlapI meM huA thA / Apake pUjya pitAjI kA zubhanAma lAlA kanhayIprasAda jI khatrI thA, varmA jI ke pUrvaja prAyaH do sau varSa pUrva paMjAbase Akara kAlapImeM base the, kAlapI meM unhoMne sarAphI, huNDI, Adi ke vyApAra meM acchI sampatti ekatrita kara lI thii| unhIM dinoM ve briTiza sarakAra tathA madhyabhArata kI kitanI hI riyAsatoMke baiMkara bhI ho gaye the| 557
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________________ vI-abhinandana-grantha san 1857 I0 ke viplavameM kAlapI gadarakA kendra sA bana gayA thaa| aneka lar3AiyAM bhI vahAM huI / phalasvarUpa kAlapImeM una dinoM lUTamArakA bAjAra garma rahatA thA / varmAjI ke pUrvaja bhI lUTamArake zikAra hue kintu briTiza sarakArake khairakhvAha hone ke kAraNa kisI ke prANoM kI kSati nahIM huI / Apa ke pUrvajoM kA banAyA huA maMdira aba bhI kAlapI meM hai jo pAhUlAla khatrIke maMdirake nAma se prasiddha hai aura isa maMdirameM una viplavakArI dinoMkI smRtiyAM aba bhI vidyamAna haiM / varmAjI ke pUrvaja dhArmikaniSThAke lie prasiddha the| usakA aMza aba bhI Apa ke vaMzajoM meM vartamAna hai| pavitratAkA Apake yahAM vizeSa dhyAna rakhA jAtA hai| brAhmaNa samudAyake prati Apa ke vaMzajoM kI bar3I hI UMcI dhAraNA hai| use ve aba bhI bar3I hI zraddhAse dekhate haiM aura varmA jI ke pitA to ina sadguNoM meM bahuta hI bar3he-car3he the / rAmacaritamAnasa aura rAmacandrikAke ve bar3e hI premI the| varmAjIne apane pitAjIkA anukaraNa kara rAmacandrikAke prati bacapana hI meM bar3A anurAga utpanna kara liyA thaa| prArambhika zikSA kAlapI hI meM samApta kara varmA jI lakhanaU ke keniGgakAlijameM praviSTa hue aura iNTresa tathA iNTara kI parIkSAeM bhI Apane do bAra dI, kintu sArvajanika kAryoM meM phaMse rahane ke kAraNa tathA aura aneka kAraNoM se usameM zrApa anuttIrNa ho gaye / yadyapi Apa use pAsa na kara sake kintu ApakI yogyatA aMgrejI, saMskRta, prAkRta, phArasI, urdU, hindI aura baMgalA meM bahuta hI UMcI thii| Apa marAThI tathA aura bhI kitanI hI bhASAoMke jAnakAra the / zilAlekha Adi kI lipiyAM Apa bar3I hI saralatA se par3ha lete aura usakA artha batalA dete the ina paMktiyoM ke lekhakako bhI aneka bAra ApakI asAdhAraNa vidvattAkA paricaya milA hai / ___ varmA jI meM bacapana hI se netRttva zakti A gayI thii| unake vidyArthI jIvanakI kitanI hI manoraMjaka ghaTanAeM haiM / hAsyake bhAvase prerita hokara svAmI rAmatIrtha jI ne to una dinoM hI 'khudAI phaujadAra' kI upAdhi Apako de DAlI thii| san 1899 kI lakhanaU vAlI kAMgresameM svayaMsevakoM ke kaptAna ke rUpa meM bar3I hI saphalatA pUrvaka Apane sevA kii| aiMTI-kAMgresa nAmakI saMsthAkA jo ki usI varSa virodha karaneke lie banI thI, Apane svayaM tathA apane anya sahayogiyoM dvArA usI varSa meM hI khAtamA kara diyA / ___kalakattekA ekAdaza hindI-sAhitya sammelana aApake. hI pradhAna maMtritvameM huA thA aura yaha ApakA hI prayatna thA ki isa sammelanameM cAlIsa hajArakA dAna sammelanako mila sakA aura jisase 'maMgalAprasAda pAritoSaka' tabase prativarSa diyA jA rahA hai aura jaba taka diyA jAtA rahegA taba taka svargIya varmAjI kI yAda usI prakAra amara banI rahe gii| 558
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________________ sva0 bA0 kRSNabaladevajI varmA varmAjIne lakhanaU se 'vidyA-vinoda samAcAra' sAptAhika patra tathA kAzIse bhI eka patra nikAlA thA jo ki kaI varSa taka bar3I hI saphalatA pUrvaka calate rhe| varmAjI prAyaH 25 varSa taka lagAtAra jAlauna jileke DisTrikTa borDa ke sadasya tathA kAlapI myUnisipelTIke sadasya rahe / pazcAta sarvaprathama gairasarakArI myUnisipala-caiyaramaina bhI Apa hI hue aura bahuta varSoM taka bar3I hI yogyatApUrvaka usa kAryako Apane nibaahaa| Apa AnarerI majisTreTa bhI rahe haiM / sArvajanika kAryoM meM itane vyasta rahane para bhI Apane sAhitya-sevAke vratako bar3I hI tatparatAse jIvana bhara rakkhA / sarasvatI Adi patrikAoMmeM Apake uccakoTike lekha nikalate rahate the / Apake san 1901 I0 kI sarasvatI ( bhAga dUsarA, saMkhyA 8 tathA 9, pRSTha 262-271 tathA 301-306) meM 'bundelakhaNDa paryaTana' zIrSaka lekhase prabhAvita hokara sva0 orachAnareza mahArAjA zrI pratApasiMhajU devane Adara pUrvaka Apake parAmarza ho ke anusAra orachekI prAcIna imAratoMkI rakSAkA prabandha kara diyA thaa| ___ 'kAzI-nAgarI-pracAriNI sabhA' ke janmadAtAoM meM se varmAjI eka pradhAna vyakti the aura samaya samaya para Apa apanA bharapUra sahayoga use jIvana bhara dete hI rahe / aApa prayAgakI hindustAnI ekADemIke sabhAsada tathA ekADemIkI traimAsika mukhapatrikA 'hindustAnI' ke sampAdaka maNDalameM the| varmAjIkA adhyayana bahuta hI adhika thA aura smaraNazakti bhI ApakI gajabakI thI / saMskRta aura dI kI agaNita kavitAeM Apako karAThAna thIM / vArtAlApameM jisa kavikI carcA A jAtI thI usake kitane hI chanda Apa turanta sunA diyA karate the, bundelakhaNDake itihAsakA Apane bar3I hI khojase saMkalana kiyA thaa| bundelakhaNDake lie ApakI bar3I UMcI dhAraNA thI Apake eka patrameM jo ki unhoMne kAzIse 23-12-30 ko mujhe likhA thA kucha vivaraNa dekhie kAzI 23-12-30 'pUjyavara praNAma Apako yaha jAnakara duHkha hogA ki maiM tAM0 23 ko ilAhAbAda gayA, vahAM se aoriyaNTala kAnphreMsa eTainDa karane pATaliputra gayA, vahAMse bauddhakAlIna yUnIvarsiTI nAlaMdA, rAjagiri, vaizAlI, sahasArAma, zrAdi dekhaneko thA ki pATaliputrameM sakhta bImAra par3a gayA aura yahAM kAzI apane bhAnaje DAkTara aTalavihArI seTha M.B.B.S. meDIkala zrAphIsara Central Hindu School Banaras ke yahAM lauTa aayaa|
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha parasoM sabere mere roga ne bhayAnaka rUpa dhAraNa kiyA-Heart sink hone lagA, nADikA baiTha calI, vizvanAtha jI se Apa saba mitroM kI maGgala kAmanA karate hue aTala nidrA lene hI ko thA ki DA0 ke injections va makarudhvajake DojoMne Heart aura nADikA ko samhAla riyaa| aba maiM improve kara rahA hUM aura abhI jaba taka bilkula ThIka na ho jAUMgA taba taka ATha dasa dina yahAM rahaMgA, yadi kailAzavAsa bhI kara lUM to bhI merI zubha kAmanAoMko sadaiva apane sAtha samajhie gA aura sadaiva mAtRbhASAkI seva meM rata rahie gaa| ___ bundelakhaNDake gaurava kA dhyAna rahe. sote jAgate jo kucha likhiye par3hiye vaha mAtRbhUmike gauravake sambandhameM hI ho / zoka ! maiM isa bImArIke kAraNa zayyAsIna hone se 'sudhA' ke orachAGka ko abhI kucha nahIM likha sakA hU~ / eka purAnA lekha 'bundelakhaNDa kA cittaura orachA durga' thA, vaha sarasvatI ko de diyA thaa| 1 tArIkha taka Apake pAsa usakI prati (sarasvatI kI) pahuMcegI tathA eka prati mahArAja kI sevAmeM va eka dIvAna sAhaba kI sevAmeM pahuMce gI, use Apa avazya dekhiye gA / lekha sacitra hai, usameM orachAkA gaurava hai, cittaurAdhipati pratApapara vIraziromaNi vIrasiMhadevakA aitihAsika pramANoMke sAtha prAdhAnya hai| cittaurase orachA gauravazAlI hai yaha bhAva haiN| yadi ATha dasa dina aura jIvita rahA to sudhAke aGkake lie lekha pahuMce gaa| X varmA jI ke mitroM kI saMkhyA itanI adhika thI ki kisI bhI bar3e AdamI, sAhityika yA netA kI carcA kIjiye Apako turanta varmA jI se yaha mAlUma ho jAyagA ki unase unakA kaba aura kaise sAkSAtkAra huA, kitane dina aura kaise unake sAtha unhoMne kArya kiyA, kisakI unake lie kaisI dhAraNA thI, ityAdi bAtoMse Apake aMgaNita mitroM ke sambandhameM aneka-aneka manoraMjaka bAteM mujhe Apase samaya-samaya para sunane ko milI hai| mahAtmA gAMdhIse lekara choTe se choTe kAMgresake netAse ApakA paricaya thA, mahAmanA pUjya paM. madanamohanajI mAlavIya aura paM0 motIlAlajI neharUse to bar3I hI ghaniSThatA thI, zrI sI0 vAI0 cinta maNi suprasiddha purAtattvavettA rAkhAladAsa banarjI Apake bar3e hI ghaniSTa mitra the / barlinake prAcyavidyA-vizArada DAkTara vAna lUDarsa se bhI ApakA gaharA paricaya thA, zrI rAmAnanda jIcaTarjI.zrI paM0 mahAvIra prasAda jI dvivedI aura Adhanika pramakha sAhityikoMse ApakI jAna pahicAna thii| vaise to prAya: sabhI kaviyoM kI kavitAoM kA Apane adhyayana kiyA thA kintu kavIndra kezavake Apa ananya bhakta aura upAsaka the / Apa bahudhA kahA karate the ki kavi to sacamuca akele 'kezava' hI hue haiM / jaba varmAjI kavIndra kezava aura bundelakhaNDa kI prazaMsA karane lagate the to unakI jabAna thakatI nahIM thI aura cheDa dene para to aura bhI adhika zroja A jAtA thA. hiMdo saMsAra meM varmAjIke ukta viSayoMke 560
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________________ sva0 bA0 kRSNabaladevajI varmA pramANa mAne jAte the / unameM kSudra prAntIyatA na thI / unakA hRdaya bar3A hI UMcA aura vizAla thA / apane eka dUsare patra meM Apane likhA thA ki "yaha jAnakara mujhe aura bhI Ananda huA hai ki 'sudhA' orachA aGka prakAzita karegI / maiM usameM sahayoga deneke lie pUrNatayA prastuta hUM / sAhitya ke devasvarUpa zrI kezavadAsa jI mere hRdayArAdhya upAsyadeva haiM / phira yaha kahAM sambhava hai ki jahAM unakA athavA orachA rAjyakA guNagAna hone ko ho vahAM maiM kucha bhI truTi karUM ? para kahanA itanA hI hai ki eka saptAha kA samaya jo lekhake lie Apa mujhe dete haiM, vaha bahuta hI aparyApta hai, kAraNa yaha hai, isa samaya maiM bahuta vyagra hUM, yaha saptAha kyA do saptAha taka maiM aisA phaMsA hUM ki dama mArane kA avakAza nahIM, kyoMki tA0 21 navambara ko maiM prayAga A rahA hUM / aikeDemI kI orase patrikA pahalI janavarI ko prakAzita hone vAlI hai| usake eDiToriyala borDa kI mITiMga 23 navambara ko hai / patrikAke eDiToriyala borDa kA maiM AnarerI membara hUM / patrikAke lie eka bahuta vistRta lekha bhAratavarSa ke antima samrATa mahArAja samudraguptake sambandha meM khoja karane aura sTaDI karane meM mujhe do sAla laga gaye / prayAga, kauzAmbI, dillI, eraNa, gayA, Adike stambhoM parake lekhoM ko par3hanA par3A, kaniMghama kI Arkelojikala sarve riporTa kI sTaDIja karanI pdd'ii| guptakAlIna mudrAoM va mUrtiyoM ko khoja kara unase aitihAsika rahasya udghATana karane par3e / zratra vaha lekha pUrNa karake bhejA hai / vIra-vilAsa kI bhUmikA taba taka likhakara taiyAra ho jAvegI / use bhI prakAzanArtha bheja rahA huuN| dUsare 25 disambara ko kAzImeM oNla eziyATika ejyUkezana kAnphrensa hone vAlI hai, usakA bhI maiM membara hUM, usake lie bhI lekha prastuta karanA hai, jo bhAratavarSa kI prAcIna yunivarsiTiyoM aura zikSA paddhati para hogA, sAtha hI 26 tA0 ko kAzI nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA ke sAhitya pariSadakA adhivezana hai, jisake liye sabhApati zrIyuta rAvabahAdura mAdhavarAva kiye haiM / usa pariSada ke lie bandhuvara bAbU zyAmasundaradAsa jI rAyasAhabane bundelakhaNDa ke sAhityapara eka lekha par3hane kI AjJA kI hai jisakI maiM svIkRti de cukA hU~, aura jise tayAra karane kA Aja laggA lgaauuNgaa| sAtha hI paTane meM orieNTala kAnaphreMsa hai usameM bhI jAnA par3egA aura usake lie bhI kucha masAlA ikaTTA karanA hogaa| ataH Apa bAbU dulArelAla jI se yaha kahiye ki ve kRpA karake pandraha-bIsa pRSTha kI jagaha mere lekhake lie rijarva rakkheM / " varmA jI bar3e hI caritravAna the / ApakI gRhaNIkA svargavAsa ApakI tIsa varSa hI kI avasthA meM ho gayA thA kintu Apane dUsarA vivAha nahIM kiyA / apane bRhad parivArakI suvyavasthA Apa jisa yogyatA se karate the vaha dekhate hI banatA thaa| mitroM ke Adara satkAra karane meM bhI Apa bar3e hI vinamra aura kuzala the| mitroMkA tAMtA Apake yahAM lagA hI rahatA thA varmA jI meM yaha khUbI thI ki pratyeka samudAya meM ghula-milakara bAteM karake manoraMjana kara lete the / baccoM meM bacce aura bar3e bUr3hoMmeM buDDhe / 71 561
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha haMsor3a bhI avvala nambarake the| kucha sthaloMkA hAsya unakA aisA muMhator3a huA karatA thA ki bIrabalakI yAda A jAyA karatI thii| varmA jI acche kavi bhI the| unhoMne kitanI hI kavitAeM samaya-samaya para likhiiN| bhartRhari nATaka aura preta-yajJa nATaka to prakAzita bhI ho cuke the / eka grantha kSatra prakAza bhI prakAzita huA thA kintu adhikAMza sAhitya, jo ki unhoMne kaThina parizrama karake taiyAra kiyA thA, aba bhI aprakAzita hai| usameM bundelakhaNDa kA itihAsa aura kavIndra-kezavake granthoM kI sampAdita sAmagrI hai| apane kitane hI patroMmeM usakI unhoMne carcA kI hai kintu lekhake bar3ha jAneke bhayase use yahAM denA anupayukta hI sA hai| varmA jI ne AjIvana sAhitya sevA kI hai aura sAhitya sevA karate hI karata 28 mArca ko kezava-jayantI hI ke dina rAmanavakI saM0 1988 vi0 ko kAzImeM paNya salilA bhAgIrathIke taTapara Apane go lokavAsa kiyaa| bhAratavarSa kI pramukha sAhityaka saMsthAoMse unakA nikaTatama samparka rahA aura unake dvArA unhoMne sAhitya kI bar3I bhArI sevA kI / kAlapI kA 'hindI vidyArthI sampradAya' unhoMke protsAhanase panapA hai ! yoM to unake vizAla parivArameM kitane hI yogya vyakti hue aura hai kintu sva0 vrajamohana jI varmA tathA ci0 motIcandra jI kI ve adhika prazaMsA kiyA karate the aura apanA vAstavika uttarAdhikArI batalAyA karate the / sva0 brajamohana jI varmA kI sevAoMse jo ki 'vizAla bhArata' dvArA unhoMne kI thI hindI saMsAra aparicita nahIM hai / ciM0 motIcandrajI bhI apane pitAmahake padacinhoM para saphalatA pUrvaka uttarottara Age bar3ha rahe haiM yaha saMtoSakA viSaya hai / sampradAya ko pragatizIla banAne meM unakI lagana, kAryatatparatA aura sahanazIlatA sadaiva hI prazaMsanIya rahI hai / mujhe usa dina aura bhI adhika prasannatA hogI jisa dina svargIya varmA jI ke sAhityako prakAza meM lAneko aora varmAjIke vaMzadharoMkA tathA sampradAyakA kadama Age bar3hegA / jIvana bhara parizrama pUrvaka unhoMne jo maiTara taiyAra kiyA thA usakA sadupayoga honA nitAnta aura zIghra hI Avazyaka hai / isase unakI AtmAko to zAMti milegI hI kintu hiMdI saMsArakA bhI usase bar3A hI hita ho sake gA aisI pUrNa AzA hai| 562
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________________ bundelI loka-kavi IsurI zrI gaurIzaGkara dvivedI 'zaGkara' __kavi prasavinI bundelakhaNDakI bhUmikA atIta bar3A hI gauravamaya rahA hai, prakRtine bundelakhaNDa kI bhUmiko anokhI chaTA pradAna kI hai, UMcI nIcI vindhyAcala kI zRkhalAbaddha parvata mAlAeM, saghanabana-kuMja, sara-saritAeM Adi aise upakrama haiM jinakI ramaNIyatAko dekhakara mAnava-hRdaya apane Apa Ananda vibhora ho jAtA hai / yahAMkI bhUmi hI prAkRtika kavitva-guNa pradAna karanekI zakti rakhatI hai| Adikavi vAlmIkIjI, kRSNadvaipAyana vedavyAsajI, mitramizra, kAzInAtha mizra, tulasI, kezava, bihArIlAla aura padmAkara jaise saMskRta aura hindI sAhitya-saMsArake zreSTatama kaviyoMkI pratibhA ko prasUta karanekA saubhAgya bundelakhaNDa hI kI bhUmiko prApta hai| inake atirikta aura bho kitane hI sukaviyoMke mahAkAvya abhI prakAza hI meM nahIM Aye haiM yaha to huI zikSita samudAyake kaviyoMke sambandhako bAta, kintu jana sAdhAraNameM bhI aise aise gItoMkA pracAra hai jinako sunakara tabiyata phar3aka uThatI hai / ve gIta hamArI nidhi hai aura yuga yugase hamAre grAmavAsiyoM dvArA aba taka surakSita rupameM vaMzaparamparAse cale A rahe haiN| una gItoMko hama 'grAma-gIta' yA 'loka-gIta' kahate haiN| grAma-gIta yA loka-gIta bhAratavarSa grAmoMkA deza hai aura grAma bhASAeM hI hamAre sAhityakI jananI haiM / sAhityake kramika vikAsake vivaraNa kA adhyayana karanese yaha aura bhI adhika spaSTa ho jAtA hai| grAma-gItoMke janmadAtA grAma-gItoMke janmadAtA yA janmadAtrI ve hI bhole bhAle grAmINa yA bholI bhAlI viduSiyAM haiM jinake vizAla hRdaya gAMvoMmeM rahate hue bhI vizva-prema aura vizva-hitake abhilASI huzrA karate haiM, jo nitya prati kahA karate haiM ki bhagavAna sabakA bhalA kareM' taba hamArA bhI bhalA hogaa| banAvaTase kosoM dUra rahakara jinameM tyAga, saMtoSa, kSamA, karuNA aura zAMti kA nivAsa rahatA 563
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hai, jo dInahIna hote hue bhI UMce dilavAle, nirabhimAnI hote hue svAbhimAnI, aura kAnUnI duniyAke bar3hate hue pharebase dUra rahate hue bhI apanI bAtake dhanI hote haiM, hamAre grAma-gIta unahIke hRdayodgAroM ko prakaTa karate hue prakAzameM Ate haiN| idhara hamArI sAhitya kI bar3hatI huI pragatimeM grAmabhASAkI upekSA hI sI rahI, usako apanAneke lie koI sammilita udyoga nahIM kiyA gayA / yahI kAraNa hai ki hamArA zabda-bhaNDAra prAyaH saMkIrNa hI sA pratIta hotA hai| yaha saMtoSa kA viSaya hai ki zikSita samudAya kA dhyAna grAma-gItoM kI ora AkarSita huA hai aura yaha bhI unakI vijayakA spaSTa udAharaNa hai| grAma-sAhityake pracAra aura prasArase jahAM jana sAdhAraNameM par3hane likhane kI ruci utpanna ho sake gI vahAM hindIbhASA-bhASiyoM ko bhI kitane hI navIna zabda, jinako aba taka hama vyavahArameM nahIM lAte the, prApta ho jAyeMge, aura isa prakAra zabda bhaNDAra bar3hanese hamArI bhASA jo ki rASTra-bhASA ho cukI hai, saba prakAra pUrNa ho sake gii| piGgalazAstrake vidvAnoMne 'vAkyama rasAtmakam kAvyam,' rasase pUrNa vAkyako kAvya mAnA hai / kavitA kA sambandha hRdaya aura mastiSka donoM hI se huA karatA hai / grAma-gIta yadyapi piGgalazAstrake kar3e bandhanoMse jakar3A huA nahIM hotA hai kintu yaha svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki unameM kavitva nhiiN| grAma-gItoMkI upayogitA grAma-gItoMkI racanA jinake dvArA huA karatI hai, jinake lie ve race jAte haiM, unako ve yatheSTa Ananda aura saccI tanmayatA dene meM avazya hI phalIbhUta hote haiM / 'bhAva anUTho cAhie bhASA koI hoya' ke anusAra bhI yadi ve rasAdikase paripUrNa na bhI hoM to bhI bhAva-pradhAna to hote hI haiM, kavitA kI kliSTa-bhASA hRdaya ko Ananda-vibhora nahIM kara sakatI, jaba usakA artha samajhAyA jAve taba hI usakA rasAsvAdana cittako prasanna karatA hai aura vaha bhI bahuta hI thoDe samudAya kaa| kintu sarala bhASAmeM gAye gaye gIta asaMkhya jana-samudAyake hRdayoM meM vinA kisI TIkA TippaNI, artha yA vyAkhyA kiye hI praveza pA jAte haiM / unameM vinA vAyuyAnake 'AsamAna para car3hAne vAlI' aura 'lUlI lomar3I ko nAhara banAne vAlI' thothI kavi-kalpanAeM bhale hI na ho kintu unameM hotA hai grAma-jIvana ke pratyeka pahalU kA sarala bhASAmeM mArmika aura saccA varNana, vaMzaparamparAkI rUr3hiyoM, aitihAsika sAmagriyoM aura kitane hI anya viSayoM kA aisA samAveza jise sunakara hRdaya phar3aka uThatA hai / svAbhAvikatA to ina gItoMmeM aisI samAyI huI rahatI hai jaise tilameM taila yahI kAraNa hai ki
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________________ bundelI loka-kavi IsurI kitane hI adhika vyaktiyoM ke lie kitane hI aMzoM meM kRtrima kavitAoMkI banisvata grAma-gIta hI adhika prabhAvotpAdaka aura upayogI siddha hote haiN| grAma-gItoMkI vyApakatA bhAratavAsiyoMkA sAmAjika jIvana sarvathA gItamaya hI hai| janma hote hI striyAM hilamila kara soharake gIta gAtI haiM, muNDanake avasara para muNDanake gIta / isI prakAra janeU ke gIta, vivAhagIta, saMskAroM ke gIta, bArahamAse, saira, kajaliyoM ke deviyoM ke gIta, khetoM ke aura cakkI pIsane ke gIta, gaGgA yamunA snAna, tIrthayAtrA aura meleke gIta, ityAdi ityAdi pratyeka avasarake gItoM dvArA grAmINa janatA apanA manoraMjana kiyA karatI hai| bhAratavarSake pratyeka bhAgameM bhinna bhinna rUpase ina gItoMkA sAmrAjya hai| loka-kavi IsurIkA vaMza-paricaya bundelakhaNDake grAma-gItoM kA vistRta vivaraNa bundela-vaibhavake eka bhAgavizeSa meM alagase saMgrahIta kiyA jA rahA hai| prastuta lekha meM jina gItoM kI carcA kI jA rahI hai ve eka hI loka-kavike banAye hue haiM--unakA zubha nAma hai / IsurI ApakA janma saM0 1981 vi0 meM mer3akI nAmaka grAma meM, jo ki jhAMsI prAntAMtargata maUrAnIpura se che mIla hai, huA thaa| Apake pUrvaja aorachA nivAsI the kintu aThArahavIM zatAbdImeM jina dinoM orache kA vyavasAya zrAdi giragayA aura rAjadhAnI bhI anyatra calI gayI taba ve orachA chor3akara mer3akI cale gaye the, tabase unake vaMzaja vahIM mer3akI meM khetI bArI, sAhakArI aura paNDitAI karate haiN| __ IsurIke pUrvaja arajariyA tivArI jujhautiyA brAhmaNa the| mer3akImeM paM0 bhole arajariyAke sadAnanda urpha adhAra, rAmadIna aura IsurI ye tIna putra hue / IsurI kA pUrA nAma IsurIprasAda yA IzvarIprasAda thA kintu unakI khyAti unake upanAma hI se adhika hai| IsurI adhika par3he likhe na the / unakA bacapana lAr3a pyAra hI meM vyatIta huA isake do kAraNa the, eka to apane hI ghara meM sabase choTe the, dUsare inake mAmAke koI saMtAna na thI / ataH adhikatara inako apane mAmAke yahAM hI rahanA par3atA thaa| bar3e hone para jamIMdAroMke ve AjIvana kArindA hokara rahe aura bar3e hI sammAna pUrvaka / unake sambandhakA vistRta vivaraNa 'IsurI-prakAza' meM diyA jA rahA hai| IsurIke gItoMkI bhASA IsurIke jitane gIta aba taka prApta hue haiM, ve saba eka hI prakArake chaMdameM haiM, kahIM kahIM chaMdake sAtha dohA bhI jor3a diyA hai| jana sAdhAraNa una gItoM ko phAga kahate haiN| 16 aura 12 mAtrAoke 565
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha vizrAmase usameM 28 mAtrAeM hotI haiM aura aMta meM do gurU / chaMdazAstra ke aMtargata yaha chaMda sAra, narendra aura lalitapada kI zreNI meM AtA hai / IsurIke gItoMkI vizeSatA yaha hai ki sIdhI sarala bhASA meM gItako manohara banA dete the aura prathama paMkti ko dvitIya paMkti kA joradAra samarthana prApta rahatA hai jisase gIta sunate hI sunane vAloM kA dhyAna barabasa usakI ora AkarSita ho jAtA hai, yathA gorI kaThina hote haiM kAre, jitane I raMga vAre / Fara gItoMkI AlocanA IsurIke gItoM kI AlocanA karate samaya yaha Avazyaka hai ki pratyeka vAtAraNa kI ora hamArA dhyAna rahe / rAma aura kRSNa sambandhI gIta unhoMne jitanI tanmayatA se kahe haiM usase kahIM adhika tanmayatA se zrI rAdhArAnI ke zrI caraNoM meM unhoMne zraddhAJjaliyAM arpita kI haiN| apanI upAsyadevI brajarAnI zrI rAdhikA jI hI ko ve mAnate the| yoM to akAla varNana, Rtu varNana, Adi aura bhI kitane hI viSayoMke unake gIta haiM kintu sarvottama viSaya unakA hai 'prema'kA | prema kalAkA pratirUpa hai isalie premako adhyayanakA eka acchA viSaya kaha sakate haiM / vidyApati, sUra tathA anya bhakta kaviyoM ke gItoM kA bhI sUtrapAta prema hI se huA yadyapi unhoMne premako Izvaratva ke vizAla pathameM pariNata kara apane amara gItoM meM gAyA, taba bhI ve prema para vinA khele na rahe / gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI bhI jo adhika saMyata aura gaMbhIra the apanI kavitA meM premakA rekhAGkana kiye vinA na raha sake / vAstava meM prema hI sabase prabala manovikAra hai aura mAnava jIvanakI aneka ulajhanoM kA srota bhI / isI kAraNa saMsAra ke sAhitya meM yaha apanA vizeSa sthAna rakhatA hai / yaha premahI hai jo apar3ha aura ajJAna janatA ke muMhase gItoMke rUpameM nikala par3atA hai / IsurI to prema apratima kalAkAra hI the, unake gIta prema aura jIvana se zrota prota haiN| chAyAvAda kI sajanI ke bahuta pUrva unhoMne rajau, jaise madhura zabda kI kalpanAkI, usakA vyavahAra kiyA aura rajau ko sambodhita karake itane gIta nirmANa kara DAle ki Aja bhrama sA ho rahA hai ki Akhira ye rajau IsurI kI kauna thI ? vAstavameM premikAke jo citra unhoMne pradarzita kiye haiM ve itane AkarSaka aura svAbhAvika bana par3e haiM ki unakI sUkSmadRSTi aura caturatAkI prazaMzA kiye vinA nahIM rahA jAtA / Apake gItoM ke kucha udAharaNa dekhie / unako par3hate aura sunate hI citrapaTakI bhAMti dRzya samAne A jAtA hai / sauMdarya se prabhAvita ho IsurI kahate haiM ki isa sundara muhako dekhakara koI ToTakA TaunA na kara de, kahIM kisIkI kudRSTi na par3a jAya, ghara aura muhalle meM tuma ho to eka khilaunA ho, tuma hI 566
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________________ se to saba mana bahalAte haiM, kama se kama kudRSTise bace cinha ) lagA liyA karo, hama sabakI yahI zrAkAMkSA hai kou karata ToTakA daunA, I ghara aura vAra purA pAlemeM, tuma kar3avau kare najara barakA keM, 'Isura' ine khusI bidha rAkhai, bundelI loka- kavi IsurI rahane ke lie DhiTaunA ( mAthepara kAjalakA ki tuma dIrghajIvana prApta karo laDuA se maunA / hau lAla khilaunA / devau kare ThiTaunA | juga juga jiyai niraunA / jisa prakAra uMgalI ke thor3e hI saMketa se Dora meM baMdhI huI cakarI jAtI aura turaMta lauTa AtI hai, vahI dazA premI kI hai / vaha premikAke darzanoM ke lie jAtA hai aura nirAza lauTa AtA hai, dina bhara yahI krama rahane para bhI tRpti nahIM hotii| isIlie vaha kahatA hai ki gharoMkI dUrI bahuta hI khaTakane vAlI bAta hai - 'takachuka' zabdane to kamAla kara diyA hai, 'avasara' takachakake kAiMyApana aura utAvalI ko nahIM pA sakatA / yathA hamaseM dUra tumAyI bakharI, rajau hameM jA akharI / basau cAiyata dora sAmane, khora sor3a ho sakarI / taka-chuka naI milata kaube kauM, gharI bhare kauM chakarI / hamarItumarI dou jananakI, hove kauM hAM takarI | phira AvaiM phira jAvaiM 'Isura' bhaye phirata haiM cakarI / - premI kitanI ThokareM khAtA hai, kyA se kyA ho jAtA hai, isako kitane hI gItoM meM kitane hI prakAra se kahA hai / nimnalikhita gIta meM to parAkASTA hI kara do hai / ve kahate haiM, bar3e-bar3e, moTe-tAje bhI sUkhakara chuhAre kI bhAMti raha jAte haiM aura jo ikahare badana ke haiM unakA to kahanA hI kyA, hAr3oM ke piMjar3e para khAla isa taraha raha jAtI hai jaise makar3I kA jAlA aura isa sabakA kAraNa hai premakA vyaurevAra varNana gIta meM dekhie khaTakA, jau tana ho gau sUka chuArau, baisaiM hatau ikArau / rai gaI khAla hAr3a ke Upara, makarI kaiso jAro / tana bhau bAMsa, bAMsa bhau piMjarA, rakata rau nA sArau kahata 'IsurI' suna lo pyAro, khaTakA lagau tumArau / aura kyA koI dubalA patalA hogA / haDDIke prema-paMthakA khaTakA aisA hI huA karatA hai, bhukta bhogI jAnate hI hoM ge, chuhArese bhI adhika DhAMcepara camar3A hI camar3A raha gayA hai aura vaha bhI itanA 567
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha patalA, rakta aura mAMsa vihIna, ki Apa usake bhItara kI haDDiyAM usI prakAra gina leM jisa prakAra makar3I ke jAleko gina lete haiN| eka nigAha hI meM dekhakara anubhava kara leM ki virahI ise kahate haiN| makar3I ke jAle aura piMjaDhekI, vaha bhI bAMke piMjar3e kI jo upamA dI hai vaha kitanI ThIka baiThatI hai ise pAThaka hI vicAra kreN| premIko AzA aura nirAzA ke jhUle meM prAyaH bhUlanA par3atA hai / kaMcana kAyA aura mana-hIrA kI dazA hotI hai, ise isa paMthake pathika hI bhalI prakAra anubhava karate haiM jaba se bhaI prIti kI pIrA, khusI naI jau jIrA / kUrA mAthI bhI phirata hai kamI A gaI rakata mAMsa kI, phUMkata jAta viraha kI AgI ise utai manandIrA bahau hagana se nIrA / sukatA jAta sarIrA / oI nIma meM mAnata 'InarI poI nIma ko kIrA / , prema-paMthake thaper3e IsurI jI ne bhI uThAye the yA nahIM isase hameM sarokAra nahIM, kintu unhoMne jaise sajIva varNana isa viSayake kiye haiM unako sunakara tabiyata phar3aka uThatI hai| nasIhata bhI milatI hai ki agara kaMcana kAyA ko kUrA-mATI ( kUr3A aura miTTI) aura mana-hIrA ko dukhI karanA hai to isa kUcemeM kadama bar3hAnA / phira to eka bAra kadama uTha cukane para vahI kahAvata ho jAyagI, ki nIma kA kIr3A nIma hI meM sukha mAnatA hai| premikA ke lie premI pakSiyoMse bhI nIce kATha patthara taka hone ko dhanya mAnatA hai yadi unako premI aura premikAke milanakA muyavasara prApta hai to bekala premI pratIkSA karate karate jaba thaka jAtA hai aura saphala nahIM hotA taba yahI bhAvanAeM use zAMta kiyA karatI haiN| javAnImeM bhI vaha socane lagatA hai ki aba kitane dina kI jiMdagI hai, aba bhI premikA mila jAya anyathA isI prakAra tarasate hue saMsArake bAjAra se hATa uThate hI manIrAma ur3a na jAMya, zarIra chUTa na jAya / bidhanA karI deha nA merI, rajau ke ghara kI derI / Auta jAta carana kI dhUrA, lagata jAta hara berI / lAgI jJAna kAna ke veMgara, bajana lagI bajanerI / uThana cAta aba hATa 'IsurI' bATa bahuta dina herI / , premikA ke ghara kI deharI banane kI abhilASA premIko prerita karatI hai aura usakI apane zarIra se kahIM adhika vizeSatAeM batalAtA huA kahatA hai ki vidhAtAne aisA svarNa-saMyoga kyoM na upasthita kiyA jisase Ate aura jAte hue mujhe caraNa-raja prApta kara sakanekA to saubhAgya aura suavasara to milatA hI rahatA / 568
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________________ bundelI loka-kavi IsurI premIke darzanoM kI pyAsI premikA kahatI hai ki yadi merA premI challA banakara merI uMguliyoMmeM rahatA hotA to kitanA suvidhAprada hotaa| jaba maiM muMha poMchatI to ve gAloMse sahaja hI meM laga jAte, jaba maiM AMkhoMmeM kAjala detI to unake apane Apa darzana ho jAte, maiM jaba jaba ghaMghaTa saMbhAlatI taba taba ve sanmukha upasthita hote aura isa prakAra unake lie tarasanA na par3atA jo kauM chaila chalA ho jAte, pare uMgariyana raate| mauM poMchata gAlana kauM lagate, kajarA deta dikhAte / dharI gharI cUMghaTa kholata meM, najara sAmane raate| maiM cAhata tI lakha meM vidate, hAta jAI kauM jAte / 'Isura' dUra darasa ke lAne, aise kAye lalAte / idhara premI bhI kaha rahA hai ki phirate phirate mere pairoMmeM chAle par3a gaye haiM phira bhI maiM saGga chor3ane vAlA nahIM / kaMdhepara jholA DAlakara ghara ghara alakha jagAtA hUM, galiyoM kI khAka chAna rahA hUM, ror3A banakara idhara udhara bhaTaka rahA hUM, sUkhakara DorI kI taraha ho gayA hUM, hAr3a ghuna ho cuke haiM phira bhI tumhAre kRpA pAtra na bana skaa| do gIta dekhie har3arA ghuna ho gaye hamAre, sosana rajau tumaare| daurI deha dUbarI ho gaI, kara ke dekha ugaare| gore AMga hate saba jAnata, lagana lage aba kAre / nA raye mAMsa rakata ke baMdA, nikarata naI nikAre / itanau pai hama rajau kauM 'Isura', baneM rAta kupiyAre / phiratana pare pagana meM phIrA, saMga na chor3oM torA / ghara ghara alakha jagAuta jAkeM, TaMgI kaMdA pai jhorA / mArau mArau ita uta jAvai, galiyana kaiso rorA / naI rau mAsa rakata dehI meM, bhaye sUka ke DorA / kasakata naI 'IsurI' tanakau, niThura yAra hai morA / premikA kI talAzameM darzanoMkI dakSiNA mAMganevAleke udgAra dekhie jo kou phirata prItike mAre, saMsArI soM nyAre / khAta piyata nA kaisauM, rahate, vesa-vilAsa visaare| 72
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha DhuMr3ata phirata bichura gae nehI, jAMcata haiM hara dvaare| 'Isura' naI kou bedaradI, darasa dacchanA DAre / prema-paMthameM AsaktimeM AkulatA aura viraktimeM sAntvanA mila jAyA karatI hai aba nA hobI yAra kisIke, janama janama kauM sIke / samajhe raiyau nekI karatana, je phala pAye badIke / yAra kare se bar3I bakher3A, vinA yArake niike| aba mAnusa se kariyo 'Isura', patharA rAmanadIke / ityAdi kitane hI gIta isa viSayake sune gaye haiN| rAmAvatAra aura kRSNAvatAra viSayaka gItoMke bhI kucha udAharaNa dekhierAmAvatAra kopabhavanameM rAnI kekaI rAjA dazarathase kaha rahI haiM ki he rAjAjI ! bharatajI rAja pAveM aura zrIrAmajI vana jAveM, yaha varadAna maiM mAMgatI hai| pratijJA kara dIjie ki caudaha varSa pazcAt hI rAmacandrajI ayodhyA meM zrAveM / rAjA dazarathakI kyA dazA ho gayI hai vaha anubhava hI karate banatI hai / unheM Age kutrAM aura pIche khAI dikhalAyI detI hai-- rAjA rAja bharata jU pAveM, rAmacandra bana jaaveN| kekaI baiThI kopa bhavana meM, jau baradAna maMgAveM / kara do avadha avadhake bhItara, caudaI barasai zrAveM / zrAge kutrAM dikhAta 'IsarI', pAche bera dikhAveM / bharata ayodhyAmeM A gaye, rAnI kekaIse ve kaha rahe haiM ki maiyA donoM bhAiyoMko vanameM bheja diyA hai, pitAjIko svargameM bhejakara raghuvaMziyoMkI nAva DubA dI hai| are mAtA kauzilyA aura sumitrAke eka eka hI putra to thA ! he deva ! kaise isa avadhakI lAja rahatI hai jaba usapara kAlIkI chAyA par3a gayI hai bana kauM paThai daye doi bhaiyA, kAye kekaI maiyA / pitA par3ha suradhAma, bora daI, raghubaMsana kI naiyA / hatI sumitrA kauzilyA ke, ekaI eka uraiyA / 'Isura' parI avadhameM kArI, ko pata bhAMta rkhaiyaa| rAvaNako mandodarI samajhA rahI hai ki Apane merA kahanA na mAnA / zrI sItAjI unako rAnI haiM jo aMtaryAmI haiM, yaha sonekI laGkA dhUlameM mila jAvegI anyathA sItAjI sahita zrIrAmacandrajIse mila lo 570
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________________ tumane morI kaI na mAnI, sItA lyAye birAnI / jinakI janaka sutA rAnI haiM, ve hara aMtaradhyAnI / hema kaMgUra dhUrameM milajeM, laGkAkI rAjadhAnI / lai ke~ milau sikAuta jeU, maMdodarI 'Isura' Apa hAta harayAnI, zrAnI mauta nisAnI / sayAnI / pApa karane se kyA kabhI kisIne mevA pAyA hai ? usase to nAza hI ho jAyA karatA hai| dekhiye usa rAvaNa ke yahAM jisako abhimAna thA ki usake eka lAkha pUta aura savA lAkha nAtI haiM, yathA - kRSNAvatAra ika lakha pUta savA lakha nAtI, tA rAvana ghara diyA na bAtI / usa rAvaNake ghara meM kabUtara rahane lage aura mahaloM para kaue ur3ane lage / koI pAnI dene vAlA na rahA, 'lusa piNDodaka kriyA' vAlI bAta ho gayI ko rau rAvana ke panadevA, binA kiye hara sevA / karanA siMgha karau kula bhara kau, eka nADa kau khevA / kAlakaMda avadhesa kATa daye, jai bolata saba devA / bAMkana lage kAga mahalana pai, bhItara basata parevA / 'Isura' nAsa miTAuta pAuta, pApa kareM ko mevA / bundelI loka kavi IsurI saMsArI / giradhArI, hamane kInI yArI / hotI, bahuta hatI Upara tabiyata bharI hamArI / jAkI, janama jiMdagI hArI / mUrata, gorI naI nihArI / apanoM tumeM jAna kAu aura seM karane hara hara tarAM tumAre tulasI gaGgA jAmina 'Isura' takI syAma kI kAle raMga para sakhiyoMkA vyaMga hai, saMsAra meM kAlekI banasthita goreko adhika pasaMda kiyA jAtA hai kintu sakhiyoMne gore kI talAza nahIM kI, sAMvaliyA hI para hara prakAra saMtoSa kiyA aura una hI para apanA janma aura jIvana hAra baiThI haiM / tulasI aura gaGgA isakI sAkSI haiM isase bar3I jamAnata aura kisakI kise sambhava hai ? isIlie Apako apanA hI samajhakara hama sabane Apase mitratA kI / zrI rAdhikAjIko ye apanI upAsyadevI mAnate the, ekabAra jaba inake sirapara gAja (vijalI) girate girate baca gayI taba Apane kahA thA ki 571
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha hama pai rAdhA kI sivakAI, aisI kAM bana pAI / una kauM dhuna se dhyAna lagA ke, ekau dinA na dhyAI / nA kabhaUM hama karI khusAmada, carana kamala cita laaii| prana kara pApa karata raye ho gazro, ko ko punna sahAI / parata lAr3alI Isura jA seM, sira se gAja bacAI / ityAdi kitane hI bhAvapUrNa gIta Apake vividha viSayoM para upalabdha haiM; kintu yahAM una sabakI carcA karanA sambhava nahIM / 'IsurI-prakAza' meM ve saMgrahIta haiN| AzA hai hamAre isa saphala loka-kavikA ucita sammAna karane ke lie hindIbhASA-bhASI sammilita rUpameM udyoga kareMge aura IsurIke yaza-zarIrako, jo ki kavitAoM aura gItoMke rUpameM yatra tatra sarvatra pracalita haiM, yathAsAdhya ekatrita kara sundara-tama rUpa denekA prayatna kreNge| 572
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________________ guruvara zrI gaNapati prasAdajI caturvedI zrI zyAma sundara vAdala prAcIna bhAratake purAne tapovanoM evaM gurukuloMko zikSAkA aAdarza niHsvArtha bhAvase apane cAroM ora jJAnakA vitaraNa karanA hai| gurukulake upAdhyAyake samakSa zikSaNa eka pavitra kartavya thA jisameM dhanakA koI khAsa mahattva nahIM thaa| aAjakI atyanta vyaya-sAdhya aura vyApArikatA bharI zikSApraNAlIke yugameM rahanevAle loga to usa samayake kulapatikI paribhASA jAnakara Azcarya kareMge ki dasa hajAra vidyArthiyoM ke samyak bharaNa, poSaNa aura zikSaNakA bhAra usapara rahatA thaa| parantu aise logoMkI abhI bhI kamI nahIM hai jo isa paramparAko Aja bhI jIvita rakkhe hue haiM / apane pUrva-puNyoM ke phala-svarUpa mujhe aise hI eka mahApuruSake caraNoMmeM baiThakara adhyayana karanekA suyoga milA hai / nIcekI paMktiyoMmeM unakA puNya caritra citrita hai| bundelakhaMDake maU nagarake jujhautiyA brAhmaNa-vaMzameM zrI nanhailAla caubeke dvitIya putrake rUpameM mere guruvara vi0 saMvat 1627 kI jyeSTha kRSNA aSTamIko avatIrNa hue the| bacapanameM hI jananI aura janakake divagaMta ho jAne ke kAraNa cirakAla taka Apapara bar3e bhAIkA kaThora saMrakSaNa rhaa| "kyore ganapati purukhoMkI kisAnI miTA dai hai re| jau gajAdhara na ho to dAne-dAne ko tarasato" ityAdi vAgvANoM kI varSA hotI rahatI thii| caube jI apane agraja ke kisAnI parizramako jAnate the, unheM pitAkA sthAnIya mAnate the. ataeva kabhI unakI bAtoMkA burA nahIM mAnate the| inhoMne saba kucha sahate hue adhyayana jArI rkhaa| cauthI kakSA taka hindI aura urdU kA jJAna prAptakara Apane pandraha varSake vayameM saMskRtake adhyayanakA prAraMbha kiyA thaa| zrI svAmIprasAda sIrauTIyAse sArasvata aura siddhAMtacandrikA aApane do hI varSameM samApta kara dI / satraha varSakI zrAyumeM Apane apane ghara para eka niHzulka saMskRta pAThazAlA sthApita kara dI thii| aba adhyayana aura adhyApana donoM sAtha sAtha calane lge| ina dinoM chatarapura aura maUrAnIpura zeravAjIke prasiddha akhAr3e bane hue the| chatarapurameM isa sAhityake AcArya sva0 zrI gaMgAdharajI vyAsa the aura maUrAnIpurameM purohitjii| sayaya samaya para ina donoM 573
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha kI daloMmeM bhir3anta bhI ho jAyA karatA thaa| yaha dvandva kabhI kabhI tIna tIna rAta calatA thA, jisameM janatA bar3I dilacaspI letI thii| eka bAra jaba ukta donoM goloMmeM dvandva cala rahA thA, tabhI zrI caubejIne purohita-golakI aurase saMskRtakA eka sva-racita padya gAkara sunaayaa| zrI vyAsa-golameM isakI jor3akA koI chanda kahanevAlA nahIM thA / phalataH use hAra mAna lenI par3I / purohitajIne caubejIkI pITha ThoMkI aura unheM apanI golakA netA bnaayaa| itanA hI nahIM inakI khyAti bar3hAne ke uddezyase zrI purohitajIne apane hI vyayase zrImadbhAgavatakI prati maMgAkara aura svayaM hI yajamAna banakara inase vidhipUrvaka usakA zravaNa kiyA / isase inakI itanI khyAti phailI ki aba purANoMke dvArA unakI svataMtra AjIvikA bhI calane lgii| aba agrajakI kaThoratA prema aura zraddhAmeM zanaiH zanaiH parivartita hone lgii| uparyukta ghaTanAke pazcAt zaira-sAhitya ke bhaMDArako bharanemeM caube jIne bar3A yoga diyaa| unake sambandhakI aisI hI eka dUsarI ghaTanA hai / ukta donoM goloM meM pratidvanditA cala rahI thii| do divasa ho gaye the| tIsarI rAta bhI jaba AdhI bIta cukI thI to vyAsa-golakI aorase eka amogha asra chor3A gayA jo saMbhavataH isa prakAra thA ambA ko milA cUr3AmaNi kisase batAnA / isa pe hI Aja hAra jIta mIta mnaanaa| kucha kSaNa purohitajIkI golameM sannATA rhaa| zrotA samajhate the aba purohitajIko gola haarii| akasmAt caubejIko sapta-zatIke dvitIya adhyAyake "kSIrodazcomalaM hAramajareca tathAmbaraM cUr3AmaNi, tathA divyaM kuNDale kaTakAnica' kI yAda A gayI, tatkAla hI unhoMne golake eka Azukavi sva. zrI bodana svarNakArakI sahAyatAse, lekhakako jaisA yAda hai, nimna padya gAkara sunA diyA upahAra kSIra sAgara ne hAra ko diyo / tAhI sau divya ambara cUr3AmaNI liyo| devana ke astra zastra divya bhUSaNa dhAre / maiyA ne asura mAre bhUbhAra utaare| apAra bhIr3ameM se sahasA tAliyoM kI tar3Atar3a dhvani uTha par3I aura jaya parAjayakA nirNaya ho gyaa| ___ inhoMne do hI varSameM nagarake tatkAlIna prasiddha jyotiSI zrI mathurAprasAdajI tivArIse muhUrtacintAmaNi, nIlakaNThI, bRhajjAtaka aura gRhalAghava paMcatArA taka par3ha liyA thaa| tivArIjI grahalAghava paMcatArA taka hI par3he the, parantu caubejIne apanI prakhara pratibhA dvArA sampUrNa grahalAghava aura lIlAvatIkA gaNita siddha kara liyA thaa| eka varSa zrApakA banAyA huA paMcAMga bhI prakAzita huA thaa|
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________________ guruvara zrI gaNapati prasAdajI caturvedI datiyA nivAsI sva0 zrI rAdhelAlajI gosvAmIse Apane yadyapi SaliMga taka hI siddhAntakaumudI par3hI thI, parantu Apane apane chAtroMko pUrNa siddhAnta-kaumudI par3hAyI hai| TIkamagar3hake tatkAlIna vidvAn zrI rAjArAmajI zAstrI (rajjU mahArAja) se Apane nyAyazAstra par3hA thA, evaM zrAgantuka vidvAnoMse sa-svara veda pAThakA bhI abhyAsa kara liyA thaa| aba kisI viSayakA chAtra ApakI pAThazAlAse nirAza hokara nahIM jAtA thA / Ayurvedake kitane hI chAtroMne ApakI pAThazAlAmeM adhyayana kara ucca parIkSAeM dI haiM / yadyapi Apane koI parIkSA nahIM dI para Apake kaI chAtroMne zAstrI parIkSA taka uttIrNa kI hai| karmakANDa, vaidika yajJAdimeM zrApa itane khyAta ho gaye haiM ki aba taka dUra dUra taka Apa pradhAna yAzikake rUpameM le jAye jAte haiN| caubejI purANAdipara itanA sundara pravacana karate haiM ki eka bAra Apake pANini vyAkaraNake guru zrI gosvAmIjI itane mugdha ho gaye ki jaise hI zrI caubejI vyAsagaddIse utarakara nIce Aye ki unhoMne inake paira pakar3a liye / caubejIko isase atyanta duHkha huA aura gosvAmIjIke caraNoM meM praNAmakara pazcattApa karane lage / gosvAmIjI bar3e bhAvuka the, ve kahane lage maiMne gaNapati prasAda caubeke nahIM purANa pravaktA bhagavAn vedavyAsake caraNa chue hue haiN| Apa dUra dUra purANa pravacanake lie jAne lge| ina paMktiyoMke lekhakako ante-vAsI hone ke nAte kaI bAra aise avasaroM para Apake sAtha jAnekA saubhAgya milatA rahA hai / mAghamAsakI virala-tArikA, prabhAta kalpA, rAtri hai, gurujIke snAna ho rahe haiM / apanA nityakA karma aura niyamita sapta-zatIkA pATha karake sUryodaya hote na hote vyAsagaddI para baiTha jAte haiM,phira sAyaMkAla cAra baje uThate haiN| kaisA ugra tapa hai ? maiM to apanI kizorAvasthAmeM bhI use dekhakara cakita ho jAtA thaa| hemantakI rAtriyAM haiM, parIkSArthiyoM ko par3hAte par3hAte bAraha bajA dete haiM, aura phira uSa:kAla meM uThakara chAtroMko jagAkara phira par3hAne lagate haiN| cAlIsa paiMtAlIsa varSa taka aisA nirantara evaM niHsvArtha adhyayana kauna karA sakatA hai| choTI sI laMgoTI lagAye, gvAloMko gAeM sauMpa kara lauTate haiM, sahasA dIvAna sAhabakI savArI A jAtI hai, aura inhIMse prazna hotA hai caubejI kahAM haiM ? Apa usI sthitimeM apanA paricaya dete hue unakA kArya karane lagate haiM, kaisI saralatA hai ? ApakA prabhAva na kevala vidyArthI samAja taka hI sImita thA parantu, sAdhAraNa janatA bhI Apake tapa, tyAga evaM saralatA Adi guNoM se prabhAvita thI aura ApakA sammAna karatI thii| jaba san 1930 I0meM nagarameM sAmpradAyika azAnti ho gayI thI, zrI ghAsIrAma jI vyAsa una dinoM jela bheja diye gaye the, taba tatkAlIna jilAdhIza DArliMga sAhabane zrI caubejIko Agraha pUrvaka zAnti-sthApanA samitikA pramukha sadasya cunA aura azAnti pIr3ita dIna janatAmeM caubejI dvArA hI Arthika sahAyatA vitarita kraayii| Apako bhASaNa-zakti apUrva thii| sanAtana dharmake mahopadezaka sva. zrI kAlUrAmajI zAstrIne 575
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha nagarake kucha IrSyAlu paMDitoMkI preraNAse ekabAra zAstrArtha ke lie inheM AhUta kiyaa| AhvAna-patrameM zAstrI jIne samaya 'syAma' ke cAra baje likhA thA / zrI caubejIne 'syAma' zabdase hI isa zAstrArthakA pUrvapakSa uThAyA aura apanA vaktavya samApta kara zAstrIjIke vaktavyakI pratIkSA karane lge| zrI zAstrIjI caubejIkI sarvatomukhI pratibhA para mugdha ho gaye aura apane vaktavyameM inakI prazaMsA kara Apake ghaniSTha mitra bana gye| vi0 1984 ke lagabhaga nagarake samasta kahAroMne vaizyasamAja ke kisI vyavahArase asantuSTa ho unake yahAM pAnI bharanA chor3a diyA / sAre nagarameM khalabalI maca gayI parantu kisIko koI upAya nahIM sUjhatA thaa| antameM zrIcaubejIkI zaraNa lI gyii| nunAI bAjAra meM eka vizAla sabhAkI AyojanA kI gayI jisameM varNa dharmoM para lagAtAra cAra ghaMTe taka caubejIne vaktRtA dI / isa vaktRtAkA kahAroM para aisA prabhAva par3A ki unhoMne vahIM apanI ukta har3atAlakI samApti ghoSita kara dii| aiso kitanI hI inhoMne samAjakI mauna kintu mahatvapUrNa sevAeM kI haiN| saralatA aura svAbhimAna unake jIvana ke mukhya guNa rahe haiM / ghamaMDa to Apako chU bhI nahIM gayA, dambha to Apase kosoM dUra rahatA rahA / nisvArtha bhAvase vidyAdAnakI isa sAdhanAmeM bar3e bar3e pralobhanoM aura vighnoMne bAdhaka bananA cAhA parantu dRr3havatI zrI caube jI para unakA koI asara na huA / To. ena. bI kAleja rATha, (hamIrapura ) ke saMsthApaka zrI brahmAnandajIne jaba sarva prathama apanA vidyAlaya khohImeM sthApita kiyA thA taba saMskRtAdhyApana ke lie zrI caubejIse unhoMne bar3A Agraha kiyA thA parantu cauvejIne vetana lekara adhyApana karanA pasanda na kiyA / caubejIke zraddhAlu bhakta tatkAlIna meDikala Aphisara DA. pratApacandra rAya ApakI pAThazAlAko sarakArI Arthika sahAyatA dilAne ke lie jaba jaba Agraha karate the tabhI caubejI apane dRr3ha-batakA nizcaya Apa para prakaTa kara dete the| vi0 saMvat 1974 kI mahAmArImeM ina para eka mahAn saMkaTa A par3A thaa| Apake ekAko vidvAn yuvA-putra zrI rAmaprasAdajI caturvedI, putravadhU aura agraja saba eka sAtha cala base the| kevala Apa dampati hI avaziSTa rahe the / isa ghaTanAne caubejIko pAgala banA diyA / mAtAjI ukta saMkaTa aura ApakI isa zocanIya avasthAke kAraNa cintAse sUkhakara kAMTA ho gyiiN| isa dukhI dampatiko zoka-sindhuse ubArane vAle the sva. zrIbrahmacArI mahArAja jinake nAmase sukhanaIke uttarI taTapara Aja bhI eka sundara Azrama banA hai / jaba brahmacArIjIne caubejIkI vikSipta dazAkA samAcAra sunA to svayaM inake ghara daur3e Aye / vayovRddha, pratiSThita evaM suprasiddha hone ke kAraNa Apake sAntvanA-pUrNa vacanoMkA zrI caubejI para bar3A asara pdd'aa| itanA hI nahIM, caubejIkA dhyAna atIta cintanase haTAneke lie unhoMne apane hI AzramameM bar3e dhUma dhAmase julUsa nikAlakara inakA zrImadbhAgavata purANa baiThA diyA / nagarase dUra hone para bhI isa kathAmeM saikar3oM nara nArI jamA haM.ne lage / eka mAsake isa mahAn anuSThAnameM saMlagna hone se zrI caubejIko paryApta 576
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________________ guruvara zrI gaNapatiprasAdajI caturvedI Arthika lAbha to huA hI sabase bar3A lAbha to yaha huA ki ve zoka ke mahAn bhArako vahana karane yogya ho sake / pAThazAlA pUrvavat mukharita ho utthii| ___gurujIkI isa pAThazAlAse saikar3oM chAtra vidvAna bana kara nikala cuke haiM sva0 zrI kRSNanArAyaNa jI bhArgava, sekreTarI myU0 borDa jhAMsI aura zrI gaMgAnArAyaNa jI bhArgava, bhUtapUrva ema0 ela0 e0, ceyaramaina DisTrikTa borDa jhAMsI, aura zrI gaMgAnArAyaNa jI bhArgava, DipuTI kalakTara tathA zrIyuta vyAsajI, Adi kitane hI mahAnubhAvoMne isa pAThazAlAkI khulI bhUmipara baiThakara saMskRta sAhityakA adhyayana kiyA hai| maU nagara aura tahasIla meM kadAcit hI koI aisA saMskRtakA paMDita hogA, jisane caube jIkI pAThazAlAmeM adhyayana na kiyA ho| nagarake jina vidvAnoMse inhoMne adhyayana kiyA thA unake putra aura pautra taka ApakI pAThazAlAmeM par3hakara paMDita bane haiM / ina paMktiyoM ke lekhakane to gurudevake zrIcaraNoMmeM raha kara aneka varSa vyatIta kiye haiM / khetIkI dekha-rekhake silasilemeM unhIMke sAtha unake 'hAra'meM, jo nagarase chaH mIla kI dUrI para kaimAI grAmameM hai, jAkara kitanI hI hemantakI nizAeM macAnake noce payAlameM leTakara bitAyI haiN| gurujI macAnake Upara par3e par3e raghuvaMrA ke zloka uThA rahe haiM aura mujhase vyAkhyA karAyI jA rahI hai / kabhI-kabhI to isI hAra para pUrI pAThazAlA jama jAtI thii| donoM pa.saloMmeM prAyaH pandraha pandraha dina yahAM gurujIko nivAsa karanA par3atA thaa| isase sAjhedAra adhika beImAnI nahIM kara pAte the aura inheM khAne bhara ke lie ana mila jAtA thaa| isa avasara para jitane chAtra vahAM jAte the sabhIkI bhojana vyavasthA guru-mAtA svayaM karato thoM / jinheM isa mahAprasAda pAne kA saubhAgya prApta huA hai, unakA jIvana dhanya hai| zrI caube jI ke tIna putra aura do kanyAeM haiM, sabhI vivAhita haiN| do varSa hue zraddhayA mAtAjI ihalIlA samApta kara cukI haiM / mAtAjIkI dekha rekhameM eka bAra ApakI AMkhoM kA Aparezana ho cukA thA, ataeva zarIra yAtrAke nirvAha yogya dRSTi zrApako prApta hai, isake pUrva eka varSa andhepanakA bhI anubhava karanA par3A thaa| kaniSTha putrI ke vivAhakI ulajhanoMmeM Apako bAra bAra bAjAra jAnA par3atA thaa| daivAt eka dina sAyaMkAla ko bAjAra meM hI do gAyoM ke bIca meM par3a jAnese aApake pairameM gaharI coTa A gyii| phalataH tabhIse bar3I kaThinAIse cala pAte haiM / aba zravaNa zakti bhI kSoNa ho calI hai| phira bhI do cAra chAtra dvAra sevana karate hI rahate haiN| aura Apake jyeSTha putra zrI zivanArAyaNa jI caturvedIke kAraNa unheM nirAza nahIM honA par3atA / gurudevane apane ziSyoMpara ananya sneha rkhaa| unheM rahane ke lie apanA eka pUrA makAna de rakkhA thA, chAtra unakA IMdhana bhI jalA lete the, kitane hI nimaMtraNoMmeM zrApakA pratinidhitva Apake chAtra hI karate the| unakA bhajana pUjana bhI lagavA dete the, evaM kitanI hI prakArase Apane apane chAtroM ko sahAyatA pradAna kI hai| prAyaH Apake sabhI chAtroM kI bhAvanAeM lekhakakI ina bhAvanAoMse bhinna na hoMgI aura sabhI unheM apanA sarvasva dAtA mAnate haiN| 73
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________________ jIvanake khaNDahara zrI ambikAprasAda varmA "divya,' ema. e. jAr3ekI Rtu thI. saMdhyAkA samaya / meM apane prAMgana meM baiThA dhUpa le rahA thaa| isI samaya eka lar3akI sirapara TokarI rakkhe AyI aura bolI- 'bera le lo|' lar3akI zAyada pandraha solaha varSakI hogI, parantu yauvanake usameM koI cinha nahIM dIkha par3ate the| cipaTI nAka,andarako ghusI huI choTI choTI AMkheM,moTe moTe oMTha, sAMvalA raMga, ThinagA kada, dekhate hI jJAta hotA thA ki vaha bhAgyakI ThukarAyI huI hai| jaba kucha kAma nahIM hotA to kucha khAnA hI acchA mAlUma hotA hai, yaha bhI eka mana bahalAva hai / bolaa-"dekhuu"| lar3akI jhijhakatI tathA DaratI huI sI beroMkI khulI huI TokarI sAmane rakha prAMgana meM eka tarapha svAbhAvika suzIlatAse baiTha gayI, baira bar3e bar3e aura gadarAe hue the| merI bhUkhI AMkhoMne unakA svAgata kiyA, parantu merI vinA aAjJAke hI merI lar3akI unheM kharIdaneko daur3I, zrAjJAkI kyA jarUrata thI, yaha usakA rojakA kAma thaa| maiMne usake kharIde hue bairoM meM se eka baira uThAyA aura cakkhA, baira mIThA thA, ataH mujhe lar3akIke viSaya meM kucha jijJAsA huI / tU kahAM kI hai ? "maharAjapurAkI' lar3akIne dayanIya sI zakla banAkara kahA / "tere aura kauna hai ?" maiM phira yoMhI bematalaba pUchA baitthaa| "bUDhA bApa aura eka choTA bhaaii"| "kyoM, mAM nahIM hai? "nahIM, vaha to mara gayI," aisA kahate laDakI kI aAMkhoM meM AMsU A gye| "kona, ThAkura hai ?" "ahIra / " "to kucha dUdha maThaThA ghare nahIM hotA?" "kucha nahIM, mAMke marajAne se saba ghara bAra bigar3a gayA / bApa buDDhA hai, aAMkhoMse bhI kama dikhatA hai, 578
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________________ jIvanake khaNDahara usakA kiyA kucha hotA nahIM, bhAI bilakula choTA hai vaha kyA karane lAyaka hai, dekha rekha na honese saba Dhora mara gaye / kaI naga gAyeM thIM kaI naga bhaiMseM, aba kula do baila baca rahe haiM, ghI dUdha kaise ho|" __ "kucha khetI pAtI bhI nahIM ?" maiMne pUchA / "do kheta par3e haiM, para unako jotane vAlA kauna hai ? par3e rahate haiM mukatameM lagAna bharanA par3atA hai|" "taba gujara kaise hotI hai ?" "yahI kavAra karake, baira beca liye yA mahue bIna liye / " "terI zAdI hogyii|" lar3akI cupa thI, maiM samajha gayA zAdI hogayI hai / manameM eka prazna aura uThA jaba yaha lar3akI apanI sasurAla calI jAvegI taba usa buDDhe bApakA kyA hogA ? para aise bahuta se prazna haiM jinakA uttara niyati hI de sakatI hai manuSya nahIM / vaha prazna manakA mana hI meM daba gayA, maiM kucha dera cupa rahA / ___ jaba lar3akI jAneko huI mujhe eka bAta phira sUjhI, mere hRdaya meM bahuta dinoMse naukarIke atirikta kucha dUsarA dhaMdhA karanekI icchA chipI thI kyoMki naukarI meM to 'nau khAye terahakI bhUkha' rahatI hai, vizeSakara riyAsatoM meM / lar3akIse usake khetoMkI bAta sunakara merI vaha icchA jAga uThI, bolA-'kheta mujhe nahIM de sakatI ? 'mAlika le lo, maiM to aisA hI koI AdamI cAhatI haiM jo unheM jotane lage / maiM bApako bhejUMgI, Apa bAta kara lenA" ___ dUsare dina sabere maiM apane kamare meM baiThA apanI eka pustaka likha rahA thA / mere kamareke sAmane eka seThajIkA makAna hai, seThajI apane daravAje para khar3e the| itane meM eka buDhA unake sAmane Akara khar3A ho gyaa| kamarameM usake cithar3oMkI eka laMgoTI thI, zarIra para eka mailI lAla dhotIkA jIrNa zIrNa Tukar3A / kamara usakI jhuka rahI thI zarIra bharameM jhurriyAM thIM,AMkhoM meM dhuMdhalApana / use dekhate hI seTha jI samajhe koI bhikhamaMgA hai| AvAja bulanda karake bole-'una pAThakajIke daravAje jA, ve minisTara hue haiM, sabako sadAvarta bAMTate haiN| "maiM sadAvarta lene nahIM AyA, mAsTara bhaiyAkA makAna kahAM hai ?'' ''sAmane jA" seThajIne usI bulanda AvAjameM kahate hue usase apanA piNDa chudd'aayaa| maiM samajha gayA vahI buDDhA hai, use bulAyA aura bAta zuru kI / vaha bAta bAtameM kahatA-'kaho ho', mujhe jabarana kahanA par3atA-'hAM,' mujhe mAlUma huA ki buDDhA bAta karane meM bahuta hI catura hai / jAta kA ahIra hai, jindagI bhara dUdhameM pAnI milAkara becatA rahA hogA, ekake do karatA rahA hogA ityAdi,
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ityAdi / aAkhira usake kheta dekhane ke ba da kucha tai karane kA nizcaya kiyA, use kisI dina saMdhyA samaya Ane ko khaa| ___ eka dina maiM skUlase AyA nahIM ki use daravAje para DaTA huA pAyA / nAgavAra to gujarA parantu use vacana de kukA thA, usake sAtha jAnA hI pdd'aa| kaI khetoMko pAra karake usake khetoMpara phuNcaa| khetI pAtIkA kucha anubhava to hai nahIM, saudA bhI itanA bar3A nahIM thA ki usameM jAdA cakha cakha kI jaatii| cAlIsa pacAsa rupaye kI kula bAta thI kyoMki buDaDA kheta becaneko nahIM sAMjhe para unheM jotaneko taiyAra thaa| samajha liyA pacAsa rupaye na sahI manameM aisA hisAba lagAkara bAta tai kara dii| likhA paDhI kara dene para bAta AyI, maiMne use phira samaya diyA, vaha phira AyA kaI bAra AyA para likhA par3hIkA kucha sAdhana na mila sakA / Akhira eka dina maiMne balA sI TAlanekI garajase do rupaye diye aura kahA jAo khetoM meM kAma zuru kraatro| likhA par3hI phira dekhI jaaygii| bar3A rupayA lekara calA gyaa| ATha dasa dina taka phira nahIM aayaa| maiM samajha gayA rupayA gye| Akhira eka dina vaha bAjAra meM milaa| maiMne pUchA --'kyoM re phira nahIM AyA tUM / kucha kAma zuru karAyA ?' 'nahIM mAlika, majadUra nahIM milate / aApake rupayA rakkhe haiM / majadUra na mile to vApasa kara jaauuNgaa| sAre gAMvase kaha kara hAra gayA / koI najadIka khar3A nahIM hotaa| usakI zakla dekhakara mujhe usake kahane meM sacAI dIkha pdd'ii| khyAla huA majadUroM ko majadUra kahAM rakkhe haiM aura phira Ajakala / maiMne usake ImAnakI parIkSA lenekI garajase use kucha dinakA aura avakAza denA ucita samajhA : isake bAda garmI kI chuTTiyAM A gayIM, hamArA skUla banda ho gayA aura maiM do mahIne ke lie ghara calA gyaa| jaba lauTA varSA zuru ho gayI thii| eka dina sahasA usa buDDhekI yAda aAyI prazna do hI rupayekA thA,parantu vaha bhI kyoM muphta jaave| eka grAmINa ullU banAkara le jAve ! yaha bAta mujhe gavArA na thii| buDDhe para krodha thA rupayA usake purakhoMse le lenekA saMkalpa duniyAMkI dhUrtatA kara, beImAnI, dagAbAjI, badamAzI, ityAdi para socatA huA eka dina usa buDDhe ke ghara jA hI phuNcaa| para usakA ghara dekhate hI mere sAre vicAra sahasA badala gye| eka ghara thA, sAmane chaparI jisakI do do hAtha UMcI miTTIkI dIvAle chapparake bojhase jhuka sI rahI thiiN| chappara dIvAloMko dabAkara jamInako chUnekI koziza sI kara rahA thaa| dIvAleM taba bhI usa buDDhe ke samAna jIvana saMgrAmameM DaTI huI thIM, yadyapi unameM yatra tatra kUbar3a nikala rahe the, miTTI khisaka rahI thI, kahIM kahIM bar3e dhudhuA ho rahe the, sAmanekA ghara Agese dekhanese to kucha acchA mAlUma hotA thaa| daravAjemeM kivAr3a lage the magara pIchese vaha bhI bhasa-bhasA gayA thaa| prAgekI chaparI hI kula rahanekI jagaha thii| para usakI chavAI nahIM huI thii| usameM itanA pAnI Tapaka rahA thA ki chaparIkA sArA pharza dala dala bana gayA thaa| paira rakhaneko bhI kahIM 580
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________________ jIvana ke khaNDahara jagaha nahIM thii| isI kIcar3a meM vaha bar3A ika TUTI cArapAyI para jisakA vinAva jhUlakara jamInameM laga rahA thA, leTA thA / macchara usakI sevA kara rahe the, use apanA madhura saMgIta sunA rahe the / vaha unheM kabhI isa tarapha hAtha paTaka kara khader3atA thA kabhI usa tarapha / mere mana meM pAyA ki yadi do rupayA aura pAsameM hote to usakI najara krtaa| taba bhI usakA mana lene kI garajase maiMne use AvAja lagAyI vaha merI zrAvAja sunate hI bar3A lajita sA vivaza aura lAcAra sA karAhatA huA cArapAyIse uThane kI koziza karatA huA bolA-'mAlika bImAra huuN|' socA--'tU bImAra na ho to kauna ho ? khairiyata yahI hai ki tU abhI taka jIvita hai / aisI jagaha meM Dhora bhI yadi banda kara diyA jAve to zAyada rAta bharameM khatama ho jAveM / ' "par3e raho babbA" maiMne khaa| "kaise par3A rhuuN| Apa mere ghara Aye haiN|" maiMne bahuta kahA para buDDA na maanaa| Akhira apane bur3hApese lar3atA huA lakar3Ike sahAre usa TUTI cArapAyIse uThakara lar3akhar3AtA huzrA mere sAmane A khar3A hushraa| kamarameM vahI cithar3oMkI laMgoTI thii| zarIra para vahI lAla jIrNa zIrNa dhotIkA Tukar3A, vahI cithar3oMkI laMgoTI thii| zarIrapara yatratatra macchar3ake kATane se par3e hue bar3e bar3e dAga / maiMne kRtrima kaThoratApUrvaka pUchA-'kyA bAbA 'mere rupayA naI denaa|' yadyapi unheM lene kI merI koI icchA nahIM thii| "kala hAjira ho jAya ge / dUsarekA mAla kauna hajama hotA hai|" buDDhene karAhate hue kahA / maiMne dUsarI tarapha najara pheMkI, bagalameM eka aura koThA thA kivAr3a nadArada the / usameM baila baMdhate the / use dekhakara aura mere hoza havAsa ur3a gye| kIcar3a, mUtra, gobara Adi usameM isa taraha sana rahe the jaise kisIne dIvAla uThAne ke lie miTTIkA gArA taiyAra kiyA ho| jaba buDDhe kA yaha hAla thA taba usake maveziyoMkA yaha honA svAbhAvika hI thaa| mere na jAne kahAM vicAra gaye ? maiMne usake gharase nikala kara eka AdamIse jo samIpa hI baiThA muha dho rahA thA, pUchA-'kyoM bhAI isa buDDhe kI kucha sahAyatA nahIM kara sakate ? dekho kaiso burI hAlatameM raha rahA hai| saba loga milakara hAtha lagavA do to becArekA ghara ThIka ho jAve / aise meM to mavezI hI nahIM raha sakate / eka aurata dUra hI se kucha nArAja sI hokara bolI-'usakI lar3akI hai, dAmAda hai, jaba ve naI karate to dUsare kisakI garaja hai, karai na apanA ! maiMne kahA-'bhAI AdamI hI AdamIke kAma AtA hai, ho sake to kucha sahAyatA kara denA, aisA kahakara calA aayaa| 581 .
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha eka dina jaba saMdhyA samaya skUla se lauTA to usakI lar3akI ghara para khar3I huI milI / bolI-mAlika ye Apake rupaye haiM / ' maiMne rupaye vApisa kara diye / maiM socatA hUM, hama buddhijIvI loga apane aura grAmINa janatAkI bIcakI bar3hatI huI khAIko pATanekA prayatna kaba kareMge? ina garIba kisAna majadUroM kI ora hamAre netAoM aura zAsakoM kA dhyAna kaba jAyagA ? khuda grAma nivAsIyoM eka dUsare kI madada karanA kaba sIkheMge ? aura jisa grAma saMgaThanakI bAta hama bahuta dinoM se sunate A rahe haiM vaha kaba zurU hogA ? 582
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________________ abhAgA zrI yazapAla, bI0 e0, ela-ela0 bI0 vaha abhAgA aba isa saMsAra meM nahIM hai| kucha dina hue, apane saMgharSamaya jIvanase usane mukti pA lii| aba vaha cainakI nIMda sotA hai / saMsArane jisakA tiraskAra kiyA, samAjane jise ThukarAyA,usIko mRtyune apanI zItala godameM premapUrvaka Azraya de diyaa| usa narakaMkAlakA citra bAra bAra mere netroMke samakSa prA jAtA hai| maiM use nahIM dekhanA cAhatA / usa aorase aAMkheM mUMda lenA cAhatA hUM / buddhijIviyoMko aise dRzya hAr3a-mAMsakI AMkhoMse dekhanekA avakAza hI kahAM? buddhikI pakar3ameM jI cIja A jAtI hai, vahI unake kAmakI hai / zeSa saba nirarthaka haiM / para mere zarIrameM hRdaya aba bhI spandana karatA hai aura buddhi pUrNatayA use naSTa kara deneke prayatnameM abhI taka saphala nahIM ho paayii| isIse usa abhAgekA citra prAyaH mere mastiSkameM sajIva rUpase cakkara lagAtA rahatA hai| hama logoMne apaneko cAroM orase pakko paridhise vera rakhA hai| paridhi abhedya hai' aura jahAM-jahAM dvAra haiM vahAM loheke UMce-UMce phATaka car3he haiN| bAharakA dukha-sukha hama kucha bhI apane taka nahIM Ane denA cAhate / phira bhI vAyu to unmukta hai, vaha koI bandhana nahIM maantii| isIse cAra kadama para base jamar3Ara, minaurA, nayAgAAMva, aAdikI aorase ur3a kara havA AtI hai, aura vahAM nivAsa karane vAle mAnava nAmadhArI prANiyoM ke dukha-dAridyakI kathAeM hama taka pahuMcA jAtI hai| x sau-savAsau gharoke isa jamar3Ara gAMvake usa nukkar3a para jo TUTI-phUTI jhoMpar3I dIkhatI hai, usI meM vaha abhAgA varSAMse apane jIvana ke dina gina rahA thaa| zvAsa-rogane usakA sArA dama khIMca liyA thaa| tillone bar3hakara usake peTameM bAla-bhara bhI sthAna na chor3A thA tathA usake hAtha-paira sUkha kara soMka-jaise ho gaye the| cithar3oMmeM apanI lAjako Dhake aharniza vaha paramapitAse vinatI kiyA karatA thA, "he nAtha, tumameM dayA hai to mujhe utthaalo| maiM aba jInA nahIM caahtaa|" 583
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha jinakI upayogitA nahIM, unakA jInA kyA / usakI jhoMpar3I, usake do bacce, usakI strI daridratAkI mAnoM sAkAra mUrti the / bApa to rogI thaa| mAM kheto meM majUrI kara kucha kamA lAtI thI, jisase una cAroM prANiyoMkA jaise-taise kAma cala jAtA thaa| strIke pAsa tana Dhakaneke lie eka dhotI thI; lekina baccoM ko eka ghajI bhI nasIba na thI aura unakI kAyAse patA calatA thA ki dina unheM upavAsa karanA par3atA hai aura adhabhUkhe to ve hamezA hI rahate haiN| ve tIna bhAI-bahana the, lekina ekako bhagavAnane chIna liyaa| mAM ko yoM duHkha to huA; lekina bAda meM usane saMtoSakI sAMsa lI ki calo, dukhase ekako chuTakArA milA ! use saba 'paMkhA' kaha kara pukArate the| jaba usakI bImArIkA samAcAra mujhe milA to eka saMdhyAko DAkTarako lekara maiM vahAM phuNcaa| donoM bacce hameM gherakara A khar3e hue| becArI mAM ne bahuterA cAhA ki garIbIkA apanI vebasIkA, yoM pradarzana na hone de, kucha to DAla de ; lekina hAya, vaha to asahAya thI / bhItara-hI-bhItara pIkara raha gayI / aura baccoMke tana para do ghUMTa AMsutroM ke maiMne kahA, "tumhAre AdamIko dekhane DAkTara Aye haiM / " AzAkI eka lahara usake cehare para daur3a gayI / usake bhItara chipe dukhako mAnoM kisIne chU diyaa| kAtara vANI meM usane kahA, "DAkTara sAhaba, jaise bane, inako zrArAma kara dIjiye / ye uTha gaye to phira maiM kahIM ko na rahUM gI / " donoM abodha bAlaka mAMkI zrora ekaTaka dekhate rahe aura mAMke ve zabda jhoMpar3Ike na jAne kisa kone meM vilIna ho gaye / DAkTarane jeba se nalI ( sTethasakopa) nikAla kara rogIke hRdayakI parIkSA kI, liTA kara peTa dekhA, AMkhoM ke palaka nIce Upara kara jAMca kI aura phira kucha dera gaMbhIra ho socaneke uparAMta bole, 'This case is hopeless' ( isa rogIke bacane kI koI AzA nahIM / ) maiM kucha bola na sakA aura mAM-bacce AzAbharI nigAha se DAkTarakI ora dekha rahe the so dekhate hI rahe / DAkTarane kahA, "dekho na, isakI tillI itanI bar3ha gayI hai ki yaha ThIka taurapara sAMsa bhI nahIM le pAtA / " strIne gir3agir3Ate hue kahA, "DAkTara sAhaba saca kahie. kyA inheM ArAma ho jAyagA / Apa hI hamAre " kahate-kahate strIkA galA bhara AyA / DAkTara ke muMhase anAyAsa hI sAMtvanA ke do zabda nikala par3e "ghabarAo nahIM, hama isakI davA kreNge| zAyada ArAma ho jAya / " 584
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________________ strI jI khAyA ki DAkTara caraNoM meM apanA sira DAlakara kahe ki DAkTara, tuma hamAre paramezvara hI inakA ilAja to tumheM karanA hI hogA aura kucha nahIM to merI khAtira, ina nanheM baccoM kI khAtira, hamArI garIbI kI khAtira ! lekina bAharake do-cAra loga khar3e the, isalie lAjake mAre manakI bAta manameM hI mAra kara raha gyii| kahA, "davAke lie kisI AdamIko tumheM roja aspatAla calate-calate DAkTara ne bhejanA hogA / " abhAgA strIkI bebasI phira umar3a AyI / vinIta bhAvase bolI, "mere ghara meM kauna baiThA hai jise cAra mIla bhejUM ? maiM hUM, so peTake lie majUrI para jAUM ki davA lene ?" maiMne kahA, "DAkTara, kyA saMbhava nahIM ki Apa ise aspatAla meM bharatI kara leM ? vahAM Apa isakI acchI taraha dekhabhAla bhI kara sakeMge aura roja-roja davA lAnekA saMkaTa bhI na rahegA / " DAkTara bole, "hAM, bharatI kiyA jA sakatA hai / " maiMne usa strIse kahA, "dekho, kala inheM gAr3ImeM liTAkara aspatAla pahuMcA AnA / vahI~ para ye raheMge aura ilAja hogaa| kapar3A, khAnA saba aspatAla se milegA / " atizaya kRtajJatA se bhara kara usane kahA, "acchaa|" aura hama loga cale Aye / X X X cauthe dina DAkTara zrAye, baiThate hI maiMne kahA, "kaho bhAI, usa rogIkA kyA hAla hai ? kucha phAyadA dikhA 1" ve bole, "phAyadA ? are, vaha to pahuMcA hI nahIM / " bar3I jhalAhaTa huI / mujhe to pakkA bharosA thA ki agale dina subaha hI usa strIne rogIko aspatAla pahuMcA diyA hogA / DAkTarane kahA, "tuma jAnate nahIM, ye loga bar3e bAlasI hai ammala darjeke lAparavAha / AdamI mara jAtA hai, tabhI inakI AMkheM khulatI haiM / " thor3I dera bAda jaba DAkTara cale gaye to gusse meM bharA sIdhA jamadAra pahuMcA aura usakI jhoMpar3I para jAkara AvAja lagAyI koI javAba nahIM AyA maiM bhItara ghusA calA gyaa| cAroM ora sannATA chAyA huA thaa| do-cAra miTTI lakar3I ke bartana idhara-udhara par3he the| koTe daravAje ke pAsa jAkara maiMne kahA, "koI hai ?" 74 585
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha uttarameM pAMca chaha barasakI naMga-dhaDaMga lar3akI A khar3I huI / maiMne kahA, "tumhArI mAM kahAM hai?" itane meM usakI mAM bhItara nikala kara aayii| usakA ceharA utarA huA thaa| jhujhalAhaTake sAtha maiMne kahA, "tumane use bhejA nahIM ?" mere isa praznakA kSaNa bhara vaha koI uttara na de skii| maiMne phira kahA, "DAkTara tumhAre sAmane hI to kaha gaye the ki aspatAla meM bharatI kara leMge, phira bhejanemeM tuma para kyA bojha pdd'aa|" strIne aba hoTha khole / bolI, "bhejatI kise ? ve to usI rAtako uTha gye|" usakA pratyeka zabda mere hRdayako bedhatA huA pAra nikala gayA / gardana jhukAye maiM cupacApa vahAMse calA aayaa| - 586
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________________ manasukhA aura kallA zrI paM0 banArasIdAsa caturvedI 10 julAI san 1942 dina bhara pAnI barasatA rahA thaa| zAmako phuhAra par3a rahI thii| Tahalane ke lie hama saDakakI zrora nikala gaye the aura lauTa hI rahe the ki itanemeM manasukhA beladAra (kumhAra) udharase AtA huA dIkha par3A / hAthameM eka kapar3A thA, jisameM bahutase jAmana baMdhe hue laTaka rahe the| maiMne majAkameM kahA"Thaharo ! yahAM DAkU haiM ! lAmo saba mAla asabAba dhara do !" manasukhA musakarAne lagA aura apanI poTarI hamArI ora bar3hA dii| hamane ATha-dasa jAmana le liye / jAmana pAsake per3oM ke hI the aura una dinoM jambU vRkSoMkA akhaNDa dAna cala rahA thA aura pratyeka pathika manamAne jAmana khAtA calA jAtA thaa| 11 julAI sar3akapara pattharake Tukar3e DAlanekI majadUrI manasukhAne kara lI thii| nadI-talameM vaha patthara tor3a rahA thaa| gadhe pAsa hI khar3e hue the / bacce patthara bIna rahe the| maiMne pula parase aAvAja dI "manasukhA tumhArI tasvIra bahuta acchI AI hai / baccoMke phoTo bhI ThIka utare haiN|" manasukhAne kahA-"so to ThIka, para tasvIreM hameM dikhAzro to shii|" maiMne kahA-"akchA kala AnA, saba phoTo dikhalA dUMgA, para dUMgA nahIM ! eka tasvIra pAMca pAne meM par3atI hai|" manasukhAne kahA-'acchA paMDitajI, pAMca Ane pakke rahe / " 12 julAI manamukhA hamAre bagIce para AyA aura bolA-"paMDitajI kahA~ murama (patharIlI miTTI) girAnA cAhate haiM?" maiMne kahA-"yahI prAmake per3oMke nIce, jahAM kIcar3a bahuta ho jAtI hai|" 13 julAI 587
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha sunA ki pAsa ke gAMva ke kisI kumhAra aura usake bacce ko sAMpane kATa khAyA hai / usa vakta hameM manasukhAkA khayAla bhI nahIM AyA / zAmako khabara milI ki manamukhA aura kallAko hI sarpane kATA thA aura donoM hI mara gaye ! hRdayako bar3A dhakkA lagA / manasukhA aura usake kuTumbake sabhI prANiyoMne hamAre bagIce meM bahuta dinoM taka majadUrI kI thii| saba gharavAle bAla bacce lage rahate the / 6 gadhe bhI sAtha the aura tatra eka rupayA roja unheM milatA thA / usa samaya maiMne ATha-dasa citra liye the / "majadUra ke jIvana meM eka dina" zIrSaka lekha likhanekA vicAra thA / citra banakara bahuta dina pahale hI A gaye the, para maiM apane pramAdavaza unheM manasukhA tathA usake bakcoMko abhI taka dikhalA nahIM pAyA thaa| jaba kabhI jikra AtA to kaha detA, "acchA bhAI, kala AnA / " vaha 'kala' nahIM AyA, kAla A gayA ! : manasukhA aura kallA usa dhAmako cale gaye, jahAMse koI vApasa nahIM lauTatA | cAra dina bAda manasukhAkI hai, ujiyArI apanI duHkha gAthA sunA rahI thI -- "itavArakI rAtako ve phAramakI aura dharamadAsa bAbAkI pUjA karane gaye the nau baje lauTa Aye rAtako tIna baje hoNge| unhoMne kahA, "jagata hai kA ? moya kAUne kATa khAau / " bhItara merA lar3akA kallA par3A huA thA / pAsameM tIna bahaneM aura eka buA kI lar3akI leTI huI thI / kallA bolA "hamaiM soU kATa khAau / moya gulagulau lago to " lar3akiyoMko sAMpane chuA bhI nahIM bApa beTe donoM ko gAr3I para savAra kara TIkamagar3ha le gye| bahuta ilAja kiyA para koI basa nahIM claa| agara kallA (lar3akA ) bhI baca rahatA to maiM kisI taraha santoSa kara letii| donoM cale gaye / " isake bAda kumhAra AMkhoMse AMsU, TapakAtI huI bolI "jaisI vipatA more Upara pari gaI usI kAU pai na parI hoigI / " kalpanA to kIjiye usa maz2adUra aurata ke durbhAgyakI jisakA pati aura gyAraha varSakA lar3akA donoM eka sAtha mRtyuke mukha meM cale gaye hoM ! aba vaha kumhArina hai aura usake cAra bacce haiM, tIna lar3akiyAM aura lar3akA, jo Der3ha mahIne kA hai| yadyapi unake pitAko mare abhI cAra dina bhI nahIM hue the, vaha dasa barasakI bhagavantI maz2adUrI para gayI huI thI aura sAta sAlakI muniyA, chaha sAlakI triniyA Azcaryacakita netroM se apane pitA tathA bhAIkI tasvIreM dekha rahIM thii| Der3ha mahIne kA mannU bhI isa dRzyako dekha rahA thA / jaba maiMne vaha citra dikhalAyA, jisameM kallA ghor3Ipara car3hA huA thA aura bagala meM bApa khar3A huA thA to kumhArina vihvala ho utthii| ro-ro kara kahane lagI "hAM TIkAko yo to beTA, tumhAre hiMgA" kallAkA vivAha ho cukA thA / 588
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________________ manasukhA aura kallA kumhArinake caharese anantavedanA Tapaka rahI thii| maiM soca rahA thA "kyA banAvaTI kahAniyAM isa saccI ghaTanAse adhika karuNotpAdaka ho sakatI haiM ?" isake bAda maiMne kaI mahAnubhAvoMse mana sukhA aura kallAko durghaTanAkA jikra kiyA hai / zrIyuta 'ka' mahAzaya, jo lakhapatI AdamI haiM, bole, 'hAM aisI ghaTanAeM aksara ghaTA karatI hai / kyA kiyA jAya ?" 'kha' mahodayane kahA, "hAM sunA to hamane bhI thA / sAMpa chappara para se girA thaa| khaira / " 'ga' ne sApha hI kaha diyA, "Apa bhI kahAM kA ronA le baiThe ! hama kisIko doSa nahIM dete / svayaM hama bhI kama aparAdhI nahIM haiN| hamAre pAsa sAMpa kATekI davAI (laiksina) rakkhI huI thI para apane Alasya yA lAparvAhIke kAraNa usakI sUcanA hama aAsapAsake grAmoM taka nahIM bheja pAye the| jaba nikaTakI eka bur3hiyAne kahA, "kumhArina bhUkhoM maratI hai, usa dina zAmako maiM roTI de AyI thI", taba hameM usa bhAratIya prAcIna prathAkA smaraNa AyA jisake anusAra mAtamavAle gharapara pAsapar3ausiyoM dvArA bhojana bhejA jAtA hai / maiM dubakhtA cAya pI rahA thA aura niyamAnusAra susvAdu bhojana kara rahA thA aura par3osake grAma meM pAMca prANiyoM para yaha vajrapAta huA thA, maiM usa prAcIna prathAko bhI bhUla gayA ! yaha thA janatAko sevA karanekA dambha rakhanevAle eka lekhakakI saMskRtikA hRdaya-hIna pradarzana ! apane pati aura putrako eka sAtha hI khokara vaha kumhArina na jAne kisa taraha apane cAra baccoM kA pAlana kara rahI hai| pustakoM athavA lekhoM dvArA nakalI jJAnakA sampAdana karane vAle lekhaka usakI asIma vedanAkI kyA kalpanA bhI kara sakate haiM ? "dukhake eka kaNa meM jitanA jJAna bharA huA hai utanA sAdhu mahAtmAoMke sahastroM upadezoM meM nahIM" suprasiddha AsTriyana lekhaka sTIphana jvigakA yaha kathana sarvathA satya hai / ___ kuNDezvara (TIkamagar3ha) ke nikaTa nayegAMva meM karuNAkI usa sAkSAt mUrtiko zrApa majadUrI karate hue paaveNge| usake ye vAkya aba bhI mere kAnoM meM gaMja rahe haiM"madada deve ko ko dharo hai ? bipatA meM ko kI ko hoya !" saca hai-"dInabandhu trina dInakI ko rahIma sudhi leha" 589
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________________ varNI abhinandana-grantha Who never ate his bread in sorrow, Who never kept the midnight hours. Weeping and waiting for the morrow, They know you not, Ye heavenly powers. [ e daivI zaktiyo ! ve manuSya tumheM jAna hI nahIM sakate, jinheM duHkhapUrNa samaya meM bhojana karane kA durbhAgya prApta nahIM huA tathA jinhoMne rote hue aura prAtaHkAlakI pratIkSA karate hue rAteM nahIM kATIM / ] --mahAkavi geTe maiM maMdAkinikI dhavala dhAra zrI candrabhAnu kaurmikSatriya 'vizArada' hai vindhyAcalakI puNya godameM merA janmasthala samoda / girike upaloM meM kara kalakala, maiM karatI bAla vinoda sarala / / gira-gira kara uThatI bAra-bAra, maiM maMdAkini kI dhavala dhAra / maiM bana jAtI nirmala nijhara, karatI hara-hara ke sundara svara / hokara AkarSita darzakagaNa, dekheM merA adbhuta jIvana // detI kaviko anupama vicAra, maiM maMdAkini kI dhavala dhAra / / maiM caTTAnoM meM gira-gira kara, bikharAtI hU~ muktA sundara / phira unheM miTAkara ati satvara, batalAtI hUM-yaha jaga nazvara / / yoM pahanAtI upadeza-hAra, maiM maMdAkini kI dhavala dhAra / 590
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________________ sujAna ahIra zrI paM0 banArasIdAsa caturvedI "paMDita jI, gAr3I le lUM ? sujAna ko bAya Aya gaI hai, " sujAna ahIra ke bUr3he bApa ne khaa| "jarUra le lo, sabase pahale tumhArA kAma honA cAhie, para kisa ko balA rahe ho?" maine pUchA vaha bolA, "havaladAra ko havaladAra nAma kA bhI koI vaidya yA DAkTara hai yaha maiM nahIM jAnatA thA, maiMne jhujhalA kara usa bUr3he se kahA- 'tuma bhI ajIba AdamI ho, itanI dera se khabara kyoM dI ? DAkTara sAhaba ko kyoM nahIM bulAyA ? sujAnake bUr3he bApa kA ceharA utarA huA thA, usakI hakkI bakkI bhUla gayI thI, vaha koI uttara nahIM de sakA. taba merI samajhameM yaha bAta AyI ki.usa bUr3he se, jisakA javAna lar3akA kaI dina se sannipAta meM mRtyu zayyA para rakkhA ho, samajhadArIkI ummIda karanA hI mahaja himAkata hai, maiMne phira bhI DAkTara sAhaba ko patra likha diyA, para hama loga nagarase cAra mIla dUra rahate haiM, savArI kA koI prabandha nahIM: aura DAkTara sAhaba dUsare dina zAma ko pA sake-sujAna kI mRtyu ke pAMca ghaMTe bAda ? isa meM unakA koI aparAdha nahIM thA, una jaise sahRdaya, kartavyaparAyaNa aura suyogya DAkTara birale hI hoMge, para akele ve kyA kara sakate haiM ? orachA rAjyameM zikSA cAra phIsadI hai aura ikakIsa sau vargamIlake nau sau grAmoM meM eka aspatAla aura tIna DispensarI haiN| sujAnakA pitA apane tIna putroM ko khokara aba bhI gAya baila carAtA huA kabhI najara zrAjAtA hai, jaba maiM use dekhatA hUM hRdayako eka dhakkA sA lagatA hai| maiMne usako kahA thA, tumhArA kAma saba se pahale honA cAhie para kyA hama logoMne sujAna aura usake bhAI bandhutroMkA, sarvopari to kyA, kucha bhI khyAla rakkhA hai ? kyA hamane kabhI yaha socA hai ki cAroM orakI janatAke kalyANameM hI sAhityikakA bhI kalyANa hai ?
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha TUDe khaMgAra aura bhagaunA dhImara, saralA dhobI aura caturI sunnAbasIra aura ghaMsA kAchI hI vastutaH pRthvIputra haiM; unakI upekSA karanevAlA sAhitya vAstavameM ekAGgI hai; yahI nahIM, vaha dara-asala zrApita bhI haiM, vaha na kabhI phUlegA phlegaa| Aja phira barasAtameM bhIgatA huA sujAnakA bUDhA bApa dIkha par3A aura maiM socatA hUM ki ye sevAsaMgha, ye pUjA maNDala, ye mantrI mahodaya, ye dhArA-sabhA, ye netAgaNa aura ye hamaloga (riyAsatoMke pAlatU, phAlatU sAhityaka) Akhira kisa marjakI davA haiM ? DDDD 592
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________________ mahAbhArata kAlameM bundelakhaNDa zrI viSNu, prabhAkara jamunA ( yamunA ),narmadA (revA), cambala (carmaNvatI) aura ToMsa (tamasA )se pariveSTita bhUbhAgako Aja bundelakhaNDa kahA jAtA hai| kavi ne isakI sImAko isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA hai-. yamunA uttara aura narmadA dakSiNa aMcala / pUrva aora hai ToMsa pazcimAMcala meM cambala // urapara kena, dhasAna. vetavA, siMdha nadI hai| vikaTa vindhyakI zaila-zreNiyAM phaila rahI haiN| vividha sudRzyAvalI aTala Ananda-bhUmi hai| prakRti chaTA bundelakhaNDa svachanda bhUmi hai / / isa bhUbhAgakA DhalAna dakSiNase uttara ko hai| narmadAke uttarI kalapara mahAdeva aura maikAla zreNiyoM tathA amara kaMTakase prArambha ho kara yamunAke dakSiNa kUla para pahuMcatA hai / Aja yaha pradeza bhAratake cAra prAntoMmeM baMTA huA hai| uttara tathA pazcimottarakA pradeza yuktaprAntameM hai| dakSiNa meM sAgara tathA jabalapura jile madhyaprAntameM haiM / bhopAla kendrake pAsa hai / pazcimakI aora navanirmita mAlavasaMghameM purAne siMdhiyA rAjyakA kucha bhAga hai / madhya meM bundelakhaNDakA vaha bhAga jo choTe choTe rAjyoM meM baMTA huA thA aba viMdhyapradeza kahalAtA hai / yadyapi itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI nahIM hai ki bundelakhaNDakI yaha sImA kabhI dRr3hatAse mAnya rahI hai, isake viparIta yaha samaya samayapara vistRta aura sakuMcita hotI rahI hai to bhI bhUmi, bhASA tathA bolIkI dRSTime yaha sImA svAbhAvika hai| itihAsameM isa pradezake aneka nAma pracalita rahe haiM, bundelakhaNDa vindhyelakhaNDa ( vindhya ilAkhaNDa) jejAka (yA jIjAka) bhukti, jujhArakhaNDa, jujhauti, vajra, cedi aura dazArNa / bundelA rAjapUtoMkI krIr3AbhUmi honeke kAraNa bundelakhaNDa aura viMdhyA aTavImeM sthita honeke kAraNa yaha vindhyelakhaNDa kahalAne lagA vaise bundela svayaM vindhyelakA apabhraMza haiM / bundela gAhaDvAloMke vazaMja the jo viMdhyameM rahaneke kAraNa bundele kahalAye / svargIya zrIkRSNa baladeva varmAke matAnusAra vaidika kAlIna yajurvedIya karmakANDakA prathama abhyudaya isI pradezameM huA thaa| isI kAraNa isakA nAma "yajurhotI" huA jo kAlAntarameM bigar3a kara 'jiijbhukti"bngyaa| bundeloMse pahile yahAM para candela rAjapUta rAjya karate the| candela zabda cedise nikalA jAna / (1) zrI muMzI ajamerI (2) itihAsa praveza ( jaya candra vidyAlaMkAra ), pRSTa 255. (3) madhukara, bundelakhaDa prAnta nirmANa aMka, pRSTa 347. 75
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha par3atA hai / isa kulameM jejAka yA 'jayazakti' nAmakA eka pratApI rAjA hA vaha sambhavataH vikramakI dasavoM zatAbdIke antameM rahA batAte haiM / usIke nAma para yaha pradeza kucha kAla taka 'jejAka bhukti' (yA jIjAka bhukti yA jejA-mukti ) kahalAtA rhaa| jujhautI aura jujhArakhaNDa inhIM nAmoMke apabhraMza hai / ye saba nAma apekSAkRta arvAcIna haiN| mahAbhArata se jina nAmoMkA sambandha ve kevala dazArNa aura cedi haiM / dazArNa isa pradezameM bahanevAlI eka nadIkA nAma bhI hai / Ajakala vaha "dhasAna" kahalAtI hai / kAtyAyana, kauTilya, kAlidAsa, aura usase bhI pUrva mahAbhAratameM isa dezakA varNana AyA hai| "prabatsatara kambalavasanArNa dazAnAmRNe" "dazAoM dezaH ca dazArNA" yaha vAtika siddhAntakaumudImeM kAtyAyanake nAma se likhA hai| arthazAstra meM bhI kauTilyane "dazAbhavAparAjita" kahakara bundelakhaNDameM paidA hone vAle hAthiyoMko uttama kahA hai / " damayantI jaba nalase bichur3a kara cedike mArgapara jA rahI thI taba usake sAthake kAphaleko hAthiyoMne mAra DAlA thaa| mahAbhAratameM kevala vetravatI ( vetavA ) aura zuktimatI ( kena ) ke bIcakA pradeza dazoNa kahA gayA hai / samUce pradezako kabhI dazANaM nahIM kahA gayA parantu zrI paM0 govindarAya jainane isa nAmakI eka nayI vyutpatti khoja nikAlI hai| dazANaM kA artha hai daza jala / aNa jala ko kahate haiM / jisa prakAra pAMca nadiyoMkA pradeza honeke kAraNa bhAratakA eka pazcimottara bhUbhAga paMjAba kahalAyA usI prakAra dasa nadipoMkA deza honeke kAraNa bundelakhaNDa bhI dazArNa kahA jA sakatA hai ! una dasa nadiyoMke nAma ye hai-dhasAna (dazArNa), pArvatI, sindha, betavA (vetravatI), cambala ( carmaNvatI) jamanA ( yamunA ), narmadA (revA ), kena (zuktimatI) ToMsa ( tamasA ) aura jAmanera hai| itihAsa isa vyutpattikA samarthana nahIM krtaa| mahAbhArata kAlameM jisa prakAra eka bhAgakA nAma dazANa thA usI prakAra dUsare bhAgakA nAma 'cedi" bhI thaa| rAjA vidarbhake pote cidi ke nAmase carmaNvatI aura zuktimatI ke bIcakA yamunAke dakkhinI kAMThekA prAcIna bhAratIya pradeza cedi kahalAne lgaa| vahI Aja kalakA bundelakhaNDa hai| rAjA vidarbha yaduvaMzI the / ve pratApI parAvRTake par3ote the jo purUravAke pautra nahuSake putra yayatise lagabhaga 30 pIr3hI bAda hue arthAt 36 vIM pIr3hImeM / purUravA, nahuSa aura yayAti vaidika sAhitya ke suprasiddha candravaMzI rAjA haiN| candravaMzI Arya bhAratameM sUryavaMzI AryoM ke bAda Aye the aura pratiSThAna inakI rAjadhAnI thii| yayAtike pAMca putroMmeM puru jo sabase choTA (4) bundelakhaNDakA sakSipta itihAsa, gorelAla tivArI, pRSTa 42. (5) madhukara, bundelakhaNDa prAnta nirmANa aMka, pRSTa 265 (6) madhukara, prAnta nirmANa akaM, pRSTha 265. (7) bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA, pRSTha 180 594
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________________ mahAbhArata kAlameM bundelakhaNDa thA paitrika rAjakA adhikArI huaa| sabase bar3e yadu ke hissemeM zuktimatI, vetravatI aura carmaNvatI ke AsapAsake pradeza Aye / bundelakhaNDakA adhikAMza bhAga isI pradezameM A jAtA hai| turvasuko jo bhAga milA thA vaha sAdhAraNatayA AjakalakA bundelakhaNDa hai| usa kAlameM yaha kArUSa deza kahalAtA thA / yaha purAnA rAjya thA jise; kahate haiM manuke eka putra karuSane basAyA thaa| duha carmaNvatI ke uttara aura yamunAke pazcimameM sthita bhUbhAgake svAmI hue aura anuko jo pradeza milA vaha ayodhyAke pazcima tathA gaMgA yamunAke uttara meM thA / yaha moTe taura para bundelakhaNDa aura usakI sImA parake dezoMkA byorA hai| usa kAlameM AryoMne bundelakhaNDa ke dakSiNa meM nayI bastiyAM nahIM basAyI thiiN| purANoM meM AtA hai, pitA yayAtike mAMgane para, apanA yauvana na deneke kAraNa yaduko zrApa milA thA ki usake kulameM rAjA na hoNge| yaduke kula meM prAyaH rAjA nahIM hote the para ve kisI Apake kAraNa nahIM balki isalie ki yAdava loga gaNarAjyameM vizvAsa karate the / zrApakI kalpanA gaNarAjya ke prati ghRNAkA pariNAma hai| uparokta rAjA vidarbha isI kulakI eka zAkhAmeM hue / inhoMne vindhya aura RkSa mekhalAkA pUrvIbhAga mekala parvata taka jIta liyA thaa| yaha nayA pradeza inhIMke nAma para vidarbha deza kahalAyA / purAnA pradeza inake pautra cidike nAma para cedi kahalAne lgaa| ye vaidika sAhityameM bahuta prasiddha haiN| vizvabhAratIke DA0 maNilAla paTelake anusAra RgvedakI dAnastutiyoMmeM jisa kayu nAmakA varNana AyA hai vaha cedi kA putra thaa| cedi kI udAratA prasiddha thii| Rgveda 8-5-39 meM kahA hai-"koI bhI usa mArgase nahIM cala sakatA jisa para cedi calate haiN| isalie cediyoMse adhika udAra rAjA honekA dAvA koI AzrayadAtA nahIM kara sakatA / " yaha mahAbhAratase lagabhaga sAr3he sAta sau varSa arthAta pacAsa pIr3hI pUrva kI bAta hai / isake atirikta itihAsameM inake kulakA kucha vizeSa patA nahIM milatA / inake nau pIr3hI bAda eka rAjA subAhukA patA lagatA hai / inakI patnI dazArNa dezake rAjA sudAmA kI putrI aura nalakI patnI damayantIkI mausI thii| nalase vichur3a jAne para damayantI bahuta dina taka inhIMke rAjamahalameM dAsI banakara rahI thIM / cedi rAjA subAhu, ayodhyAke rAjA RtuparNa, niSadhake rAjA nala tathA paurava rAjA hastIkA samakAlIna thaa| isake bAda cedike yAdavoM kA itihAsameM paurava rAjA vasu ke kAla taka kucha bhI patA nahIM lagatA / vasu eka parAkramI rAjA thA use cakravartI kahA gayA hai| usane rAjA subAhuke laga-bhaga 27 pIr3hIbAda cedike kisI yAdava zAsakako parAjita kiyA thaa| vaha yAdava rAjA avazya vIra rahA hogA kyoMki cedi-vijayake pazcAta vasune bar3e garva ke sAtha caidyoparicara (cedi gaNake Upara calane vAlA) kI upAdhi dhAraNa kI thii| (8) "bhAratIya anuzIlana"-RgvedakI dAna stutiyoMmeM aitihAsika upAdAna / 595
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha yahI nahIM isane matsyase magadha takake pradeza adhIna kiye / vasune zutti matI nadIke taTapara zuktimati nagarIko jo aAdhunika bAMdAke Asa pAsa thI, apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA thaa| isa rAjAke sAtha cedimeM yAdavoMkA zAsana samApta ho kara pauravoMkA prArambha hotA hai / tatkAlIna cedi dezakA varNana mahAbhAratameM zrAtA hai / indrake zabdoMmeM "cidi deza pazu ke lie sukhakArI, dhana-dhAnyase pUrNa, bhoga vilAsakI sAmagrI se yukta aura ramaNIka hai / vaha agaNita dhana ratnoMse pUrNa hai tathA vahAMkI vasudhA pazuoMse bharI huI hai| vahAMke manuSya sarala prakRtike, santoSI, sAdhu, upahAsameM bhI jhUTha na bolane vAle, pitRbhakta aura kamajora bailako halameM nahIM jotane vAle haiN|" isa pratApI rAjA vasuke pAMca putra the, isalie inakA rAjya pAMca bhAgomeM baMTa gayA; magadha, kauzAmbI, kAruSa, cedi aura matsya / mahAbhArata kAla meM ye pAMcoM rAjya vartamAna the| cidi deza meM usa samaya zizupAla tathA usake do putroM dhRSTaketu aura zarabhakA rAjya rhaa| zizupAlake pitAkA nAma damaghoSa aura mAtAkA nAma zrutazravA thaa| zrutazravA vRSNi vaMzI zUrasenakI putrI basudevakI bahina tathA zrIkRSNakI bunA thii| dazANa dezakA koI kramabaddha itihAsa nahIM miltaa| nala-damayantI kI kathA mahAbhAratake vanaparvameM pAtI hai| usase patA lagatA hai usa samayase kucha pahile vahAM koI rAjA sudAmA rAjya karate the jinakI do putriyAM thiiN| unameM se ekakA vivAha vidarbha deza ke rAjA bhImase huA thaa| ve damayantIkI mAtA thIM / dUsarI putrIkA vivAha cedike rAjA subAhuse huA thaa| isake lagabhaga 43 pIr3hI bAda vahAM rAjA hiraNyavarmA kA patA lagatA hai| sabhavataH jaba rAjA pANDu digvijaya ke lie nikale taba yahI rAjA vahAM rahe hoMge jinase unheM yuddha karanA par3A thA / ve kurukulake virodhI bhI jAna par3ate haiM |puurvbhaagaa stato gatvA dazANAH samare jitAH / pANDunA narasiMhena kauravANAM yazobhRtA / / 26 // inhIM rAjA hiraNyavarmAkI putrIse pAMcAla nareza drupadake putra zikhaNDIkA vivAha huA thaa| zikhaNDIke viSayameM aneka kimvadaMtiyAM prasiddha haiM / kahate haiM ve janmake samaya kanyA the / unakI mAtAne sautake Darase unheM putra ke rUpameM paalaa| parantu vivAhake pazcAta yaha bheda khula gayA / rAjA hirayavarmAko jaba isa rahasyakA patA lagA to vaha bahuta kruddha huA aura badalA lene ke lie dra padapara car3ha daur3A parantu isI bIcameM kahate haiM, kisI yakSakI kRpAse zikhaNDI vAstavameM puruSa bana gyaa| isake atirikta zikhaNDIke viSayameM yaha bhI prasiddha hai ki vAstavameM pichale janmameM vaha kAzIrAjakI putrI ambA the / vastutaH ye saba (9) bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA, pRTa 206 (10)mahAbhArata, Adiparva, adhyAya 65, (auMdha saMskaraNa) (11) , , ,,113 zloka 25-26
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________________ mahAbhArata kAla meM bundelakhaNDa kapola kalpita kathAeM sautIke mAstiSkase upajI haiM / satya itanA hai ki zikhaNDI drupadake vIra putra the / ve mahArathI the aura arjuna kI sahAyatA se unhoMne bhISmakA vadha kiyA thA / inhIM parAkramI drupada putrakA vivAha dazArNa dezake rAjA hiraNyavarmA kI putrIse huA thA / rAjA hiraNyavarmA ke bAda vahAM ke rAjA sudharmA kA nAma mahAbhArata meM AtA hai / ve pahale pahala usa samaya mahArAja yudhiSThirakI sabhA meM dikhAyI dete haiM jaba maya dAnavane indraprasthakA nirmANa kiyA thaa| likhA hai 'surmA.. putrasahita zizupAla . ... yaha satra aura vijJoMke jAne dUsare bahuta se kSatriya bhI dharmarAja yudhi - DirakI upAsanAmeM lage rahate the / 2 / " parantu inhIM rAjAsudharmAne bhImasenase, jaba ve rAjasUya yajJake avasarapara pUrva dizA kI ora vijayayAtrA para nikale, 'rUeM khar3I karane vAlI lar3AI kI thI aura bar3e parAkramI bhImasenane ati balavAna sudharmA ko yaha lIlA dekhakara unako pradhAna senApatike pada para baiThAyA thA / " tatra dAzArNako rAjA sudharmA lomaharSaNam / kRtavAnbhImasenena mahAyuddhaM nirAyudham // 6 // bhImasenastu taddRSTvA tasyakarma mahAtmanaH / adhisenApatiM cakre sudharmANaM mahAbalam // 7 // yahI mahAvIra rAjA sudharmA mahAbhArata yuddha meM cedi aura kAruSa gaNoM ke sAtha pANDavoM kI ora se lar3e the| likhA hai, bArahaveM dina unhoMne rAjA bhagadattase " vRkSoMsahita paMkhoM vAle parvatoM" kI taraha yuddha kiyA aura vIragatiko prApta hue 14 / inake bAda dazArNa dezake rAjA the citrAGgada / jisa samaya azvamedha yajJake ghor3eke pIche pIche arjuna dazArNadeza pahuMce the usa samaya isa balavAna arimardana ghor3A roka kara arjunase atyanta bhayaMkara yuddha kiyA thA " / mahAbhArata ke bAda dazArNa dezake itihAsakA aura kucha bhI patA nahIM lagatA / hAM jaina granthoMmeM ( Avazyaka cUrNi ) likhA hai yahAMke rAjA dazArNabhadra ko bhagavAna mahAvIrane dazArNakUTa athavA gajAgrapadagiri parvatapara dIkSA do thI / mRttikAvatI isakI rAjadhAnI thI 6 / bundelakhaNDake dUsare bhAga cedi dezakA varNana Upara A cukA hai| zizupAlakI kahAnI sarva vidita hai / purANoM meM use hiraNyakazyapa aura rAvaNakA avatAra kahA gayA hai / kahate haiM jisa samaya vaha paidA huA thA usake tIna netra tathA cAra bhujAeM thIM / jyotipriyAMne batAyA jisakI goda meM ( 12 ) (13) ( 14 ) mahAbhArata sabhAparva, adhyAya 4 zloka 29-33 sabhAparva, adhyAya 29, iloka 6-7 droNaparva x 23 ( 15 ) azvamedhikaparva adhyAya 83 zloka 5-6 (16) prabhI abhinandana grantha- jaina granthoMmeM bhaugolika sAmagrI (le0 DA0 jagadIzacandra jaina ) pR0 260 597
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha jAne para isake atirikta hAtha aura nayana gira jAyeMge usIke hAthase isakI mRtyu hogii| zrI kRSNane jaba use apanI godameM liyA taba zizapAlake ye donoM atirikta hAtha aura tIsarI AMkha gira pdd'ii| yaha dekhakara usakI mAM jo zrI kRSNakI buA hotI thI, bahuta DarI aura unase apane putrake prANoMko bhIkha mAMgane lgii| usa samaya zrIkRSNa ne apanI buAko vacana de diyA thA ki ve zi pAla ke sau aparAdha kSamA kara deMge / rAjasUya yajJameM zrIkRSNakI pUjA hone para jaba zizapAlane unheM gAliyAM dI taba usake aparAdha sau se bar3ha gaye the aura isIlie zrI kRSNane use mAra DAlA thaa| bahuta sI aisI kathAzroMkI bhAMti yaha kathA bhI kavikI kalpanA mAtra hai| vastusthiti kucha aura hai| nissandeha cedinareza zizupAla zrI kRSNakA parama zatru thA, parantu mahAbhAratase yaha nahIM jAna pdd'taa| usane pANDavoMkA bhI virodha kiyA thaa| nissandeha yajJake avasara para usane zrI kRSNake sAtha bhIma aura pANDavoM kI bhI nindA kI thI, para sAtha hI yaha bhI kahA thA, hama yudhiSThirako dharmAtmA samajha kara Aye the / isake atirikta sabhAparvameM hama use yudhiSThira kI upAsanA karate dekha cuke haiM / bhIma jaba jayayAtrA para nikale taba bhI usane unase yuddha nahIM kiyA balki Age bar3hakara unakA svAgata kiyA aura unakA abhiprAya jAna kara prasannatA pUrvaka yajJameM AnA svIkAra kiyaa| bhIma taba usase satkRta hokara teraha rAta vahAM rahe8 / tasya bhImastadA cakhyau dharmarAja cikIrSitam / saca taM prati gRhyeva tathA cakre nraadhipH|| 16 / tato bhImastatra rAjannuSitvA tridshksspaaH| sattaH zizu pAlena yayau sabalavAhanaH // 17 // __zizupAlakI zrI kRSNase zatrutAke tIna pramukha kAraNa jAna par3ate haiM / pahilA kAraNa to yaha thA ki zrIkRSNa na to kisI dezake rAjA the,na tattvadarzI aura na tapasvI mhaatmaa| ve rAjakulake eka vyakti the phira bhI sAre dezameM unakI pratiSThA thii| unakI vilakSaNa pratibhAkA lohA tatkAlIna mAnava samAja mAna cukA thA aura isIlie unakI pUjA karatA thaa| zizupAla bhAIkI isa pratiSThAse jalatA thA aura unheM nIcA dikhAne ke prayatna kiyA karatA thA / hotA yaha thA hara bAra use mu~ha kI khAnI par3atI thii| rukmiNIkA vivAha eka aisI hI ghaTanA thii| vaha kuNDinapurakI rAjakumArI thI aura zrI kRSNase prema karatI thI / isake viparIta usakA bhAI rukma usakA vivAha cedinareza zizupAlase karanA cAhatA thA / zizupAla magadha sAmrAjyakA pradhAna senApati thaa| usase mitratA karake rukma apanA svArtha sAdhana karanA cAhatA thA parantu rukmiNI bhI sajaga thii| usane dvArikAmeM zrIkRSNake pAsa apanA saMdezA bhejA aura jaba zizupAla varAta lekara kuNDinapura pahuMca cukA taba ve bhI vahAM pahuMce aura rukmiNIko hara lAye / zizupAlane (17) dekho (12) (18) mahAbhArata-sabhAparva, adhyAya 29, iloka 16-17 598
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________________ mahAbhArata kAlameM bundelakhaNDa sunA to usake zarIrameM Aga laga gyii| usane yAdavoMse ghanaghora yuddha kiyaa| unakI nagarI jalA DAlI para vijaya usase dUra hI rahI / zatrutAkA yaha dUsarA kAraNa kucha prabala thaa| zatrutAkA tIsarA kAraNa tatkAlIna rAjanItIse sambadha rakhatA hai| usa kAla meM ekarAT, bahurAT saMgha tathA zreNI yahAM taka ki arAjakarASTra jaisI rAjya saMsthAkA astitva milatA hai| sAre dezameM anaginata choTe choTe rAjA the| koI bhI zaktizAlI rAjA unheM jIta kara yA unase kara lekara cakravartI rAjAkA pada grahaNa kara letA thaa| magadhakA rAjA jarAsaMdha isI tarahakA eka parAkramI sAmrAjyavAdI thaa| usane aneka rAjAoMko jIta liyA thaa| aga vaMga, kaliMga puNDra, cedi, kArUSa, kirAta, kAzI, kozala aura zUrasena, kuNDinapura, saumanagara, Adi dezoMke rAjA kisI na kisI taraha usake prabhAva meM the / isake atirikta usakI ora kaI anArya rAjA bhI the| zrIkRSNa jisa kula meM hue usa yAdava kula meM gaNatantrIya zAsana praNAlI thii| usa gaNataMtrakA takhta ulaTane vAlA rAjA kaMsa jarAsaMghakA dAmAda thaa| vAstava meM kaMsane jarAsaMdhakI sahAyatAse hI saMghake netAko jo svayaM usake pitA the kaida kara liyA thaa| vaha atyAcArI rAjA thaa| kRSNa jaba yuvA hue taba unhoMne gaNataMtravAdiyoM kA netRtva karake kaMsako mAra DAlA aura eka bAra phira ugrasenake netRtva meM gaNataMtrakI sthApanA kI, jarAsaMdha isa bAta ko nahIM saha sakA / kahate haiM, usane satraha bAra yAdava gaNataMtra para car3AI kI, para kRSNake netRtvameM saMghasenAne use hara bAra parAjita kiyA para aThArahavIM bAra jarAsaMdhake sAtha yavanarAja kAlayavana bhI AyA thaa| choTA sA gaNataMtra aba adhika na Thahara sakA / vaha kRSNake netRttvameM mathurA chor3a kara dvArikAmeM jA basA / parantu jAte jAte bhI kRSNa kAlayavanako mAra gaye the / zizupAla isI jarAsaMdhakA pradhAna sahAyaka aura senApati thA / aisI avasthAmeM usakA zrI kRSNakA prabala zatru bana jAnA svAbhAvika hI thaa| itihAsa bAtAtA hai, zrI kRSNane eka eka karake sAmrAjyavAdake ina samarthakoM ko naSTa kara diyaa| unhoMne bhImadvArA jarAsaMdha kA vadha krvaayaa| ve usase khule yuddha meM nahIM bhir3e / isaprakAra zizupAla ko unhoMne rAjasUya yajJake avasara para svayaM mAra DAlA / vastutaH ve virodhI pakSa kI zakti ko jAnate the / zizupAlake bAremeM unhoMne yudhiSThirase kahA thA--'he pRthvInAtha ! zizupAlane saba prakAra jarAsaMdhakA avalamba karake usake senApatikA pada liyA hai19 / jarAsaMdhakI mRtyuke pazcAt zizupAla prasanna manase yajJa meM zrAyA parantu jaba usane kRSNakI pUjA hote dekhI to usake krodha ko sImA nahIM rhii| kRSNa jAnate the ki yadi ve zi pAlako yuddha ke lie lalakArate haiM to sArA bhArata do bhAgomeM baMTa jAtA hai / ve saghaMTana ke premI the vighaTanake nhiiN| isalie taba taka cupa rahe jaba taka bhISmake kahane para zizupAlane svayaM yuddhakI cunautI nahIM dii| kRSNa yahI cAhate the| yuddha huA aura zizupAla mArA gyaa| usa samaya vahAM usake anekoM mitra rAjA the para ve bola nahIM sake kyoM ki dharmayuddha thA aura svayaM zizupAlane zrI kRSNa (19) mahAbhArata, sabhAparva, adhyAya 14, zloka 11.
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha ko lalakArA thA / zizupAlakA vadha karate samaya zrIkRSNane usake jo doSa ginAye the unase patA lagatA hai vaha AcAravihIna bhI thA jaise sabhI sAmrAjyavAdI hote haiM / usane tapasvI vabhra kI patnI aura karUSa dezake rAjAkA rUpa dharakara usakI vAgdatA bhadrAkA jo vizAlApatikI putrI thI, haraNa kiyA thaa| zizupAlakI mRtyu ke pazcAta cedi rAjya kA zAsaka usakA putra dhRSTaketu huA vaha kRSNa aura pANDava donoMkA mitra thA / duryodhanake lie jaba karNa digvijaya karane ke lie nikale the taba unheM isI zizupAla putrase yuddha karanA par3A thA / yaha adbhuta vIra thA / azvatthAmA, rukma aura pradyumna ke sAtha usakI ginatI hotI thI20 / likhA hai-"mahA yazasvI, mahAvIryavAna, mahAratha, zizupAlaputra dhRSTaketu yuddha hone para saMgrAmameM kAla svarUpa ho jAte haiM. 1 / " vaha pANDavoMkI senAke Age calane vAlA thA22 / yuddha meM jaba vaha mahAratha pauravase yuddha karane calA to mahAbhAratakArane likhA hai, "yaha yuddha aisA thA jaise Rtumati sihaMnIke sagaMmake samaya do siMha eka dUsarIkI ora daur3ate hai23 / " isI yuddha meM apane putra sahita vaha droNake hAthase mArA gayA thaa| usakI lAzako dekhakara kauravamAtA gAndhArIne kRSNase kahA thA-'hekRSNa droNake astra jisane viphala kara diye usI droNa dvArA mAre gaye isa adbhuta vIrako dekho24|' dhRSTaketuke pazcAta usakA bhAI zarabha cedi rAjyakA svAmI huzrA / arjuna jaba azvamedha yajJakA ghor3A lekara nikale taba ve zakti (zaktimati) nAmakI ramaNIya nagarImeM isI zizupAla putra zarabhadvArA pUjita hue the 25 / vaise to sArA bhArata hI taba durbala ho gayA thA parantu cedi narezake pAsa senAkA prabhAva nahIM hogaa| zizupAlake pAsa kaI akSauhiNI senA thI lekina dhRSTaketu kevala eka akSauhiNI senA lekara bhArata yuddha meM sammilita hue the / zarabhake sAtha mahAbhArata yuga bhI samApta ho jAtA hai / yadyapi isake bAda cedikA koI kramavaddha itihAsa nahIM milatA parantu "cedi" nAma zraAdhunika kAla taka calatA rahatA hai / mahAjAnapAda yugake solaha jAnapadoMmeM eka cedi bhI hai| vaha vatsake sAtha AtA hai / jaina grathoMke 253 rAjyoMmeM bhI cedi upasthita hai aura zuktimatI abhI taka usakI rAjadhAnI hai| ___ mahAbhAratameM dhRSTaketuko eka sthAnapara'dhRSTaketuzca cedInAM praNetA pArthivA yayau / "ceda gaNakA svAmI kahA hai26 / dUsare sthAna para cedi,kAzI aura karUSa gaNoMkA nAyaka senApati kahA hai 20 / (20) mahAmArata udyoga parva, adhyAya 50, zloka 30 (21) , , , 51 ,, 44 (22) ,, bhIma parva 15 (24) ,, strI parva , 25 ,, 20 ,, Azvamedhika parva ,, 83 ,, 3 ,, udyogaparva ,, 196 ,, 23 , , , 2 (27)
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________________ mahAbhArata kAlameM bundelakhaNDa , cedi kAzI karuSANAM netAra dRr3ha vikramam / senApatim mitranna dhRSTaketumupA '' dizat // yahAM gaNakA artha gaNataMtra praNAlIse nahIM hai / tatkAlIna bhAratameM aneka gaNataMtra the| parantu cedi deza ekatatraM hI thA aura vahAMkA zAsaka "rAjA" kahalAtA thA / zizupAla to samrAjyavAdI jarAsaMdhakA prabala samarthaka thaa| cediko janapada bhI kahA hai| isakA artha rAjya praNAlIse nahIM hai balki kisI jana vizeSa ( arthAta kavIle ) ke rahaneke sthAnako janapada kahate the| isa janameM eka hI kula yA jAtike loga rahate hoM yaha bAta nahIM thI / usameM AdAna pradAna calatA rahatA thaa| cedi janapada meM vasu se pahale yAdava logoMkA zAsana thA / vamu paurava thaa| taba yaha nizcita hai cedigaNa meM yAdava aura paurava donoM sammilita the| Aja bhI bundelakhaNDake gaDariye apaneko yAdavavaMzI kahate haiN| vaise dazArNa dezameM yAdava rAja mahAbhAratake anta taka banA rahA thA / __ mahAbhArata-kAlameM bundelakhaNDakI sthiti prAyaH isa prakAra thii| carmagvatI aura zuktimatIke bIcakA yamunAke dakSiNakA pradeza cedirAjyameM thA aura vetravatIkI pUrvI zAkhA zuktimatIke bIca kA bhAga dazArNa deza kahalAtA thA / isakI dakSiNI sImA madhyaprAntake sAgara jile taka thI / pazcimameM avantirAja thaa| Aja vahI mAlavA hai| kucha loga dazArNa ko bhI pUrvI mAlavA kahate haiN| pazcimottara bhAgameM zUrasena deza thA / uttara meM paMcAla, vatsa, kAzI, aura kauzala rAja the / pUrvameM purAnA kAruSa rAjya thA / kena aura ToMsa ( tamasA ) ke bIcakA bhAga sambhavataH taba isImeM rahA hogaa| usake dakSiNameM bhI avazya kucha rAjya ( vindhyAcalake pUrva meM ) the para unakA ThIka patA nahIM lgtaa| TheTha dakSiNameM narmadA taTapara pazcimI rAjya thA aura Age tatkAlIna aAryoMkI antima bastI vidarbha thii| zrAryoMke ina rAjyoMke atirikta bIca bIcameM anArya jAtiyAM bhI basatI thiiN| ve loga asabhya nahIM the| nagara basAnA unhoMne hI AryoMko sikhAyA thaa| Aja bhI bundelakhaNDakI sImA para aura bundelakhaNDameM gauMDa, kola, zavara, ( saura ) aura muNDa Adi prAcIna jAtiyAM basatI haiN| vindhyaaTavImeM honeke kAraNa isa pradezameM bana prAntara bahuta haiM, isalie loga bar3I sugamatA pUrvaka vahAM bane rahe hoNge| inameM zabara aura muNDa to Agneya vaMzake haiM28 / ye vindhyavAsinI devIke upAsaka haiM / babhra vAhana isI jAtike kahe jAte haiN| usa kAla meM isa pradezakI sabhyatA aura saMskRtikA itihAsa daMDa nikAlanA bar3A kaThina hai| mahAbhArata apane yugase bahuta bAdameM likhA gayA hai jabaki usakA kAla "saMhitAyuga" meM par3atA hai / isa yugameM vedokA vargIkaraNa huA thA / yaha IsAse lagabhaga 1775 se lekara 1455 varSa pUrva taka phailA huA (28) bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA, pRSTha, 110-114 601
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha hai 22 / vidvAnoMne nizcita kiyA hai ki mahAbhAratakA yuddha IsAse lagabhaga 1400 varSa pUrva hua parantu mahAbhAratakI kathA IsAkI cauthI sadI taka likhI jAtI rhii| isalie vedoMmeM jisa saMskRtikA varNana hai vahI isa yugakI saMskRti kahI jA sakatI hai| usameM se isa pradezakI vizeSatA khojanA sarala nahIM hai| mahAbhAratakI sahAyatAse kucha niSkarSa avazya nikAle jA sakate haiN| Upara kahA gayA hai, isa dezameM 'eka rAjya zAsana praNAlI thI jaisA ki nalakI kathA meM AtA hai aura phira kauTilyake arthazAstrameM kahA gayA hai / isa dezake hAthI uttama hote the| taba isa pradezake yoddhA hAthI para car3ha kara yuddha karanemeM pravINa rahe hoNge| mahAbhArata yuddha meM sthAna sthAna para cedigaNakI vIratAkA vaNana hai| vizeSakara karNaparvameM pAMcAloMke bAda ye hI bAra bAra karNake sAmane Ate haiN| apane senApati dhRSTaketuke mara jAne para bhI inakI vIratAmeM antara nahIM aayaa| mahAbhArata yuddhake pahale dina pANDavoMne jo krauJca vyUha banAyA thA drupada (pAMcAla ) usake sira sthAna para thaa| netra sthAna para kuntI bhoja aura caidya the arthAt ye tInoM senAke agrabhAgameM the| sabhI cakravartiyoMkI bhAMti ye loga bhI malla-yuddhake premI rahe hoNge| indrane jisa prakAra cedi deza aura usake logoMkI prazaMsA kI hai vaha Upara A cukI hai / karNaparvameM zalyase vivAda karate hue karNa ne kahA hai-"kuru, zAlya, pAJcAla, matsya, naimiSa, kauzala kAzI, pauMDra, kaliMga, mAgadha, aura cedi dezake utpanna mahAtmA manuSya hI zAzvata dharmako jAnate haiM 33 / yadyapi yaha bahuta bAdameM jor3A gayA jAna par3atA hai to bhI mahAbhArata kAlIna isa pradezake nivAsI sAdhu aura sajana hI rahe hoMge / yo to karNa ke zabdoMmeM "saba dezoMmeM duSTa aura sAdhu rahate haiM34 / " vasu caidyoparicarake kAlameM ahiMsA (arthAt yajJameM pazuke bajAya annakI Ahuti denekI prathA ) aura bhaktipradhAna ekAntika dharma (karmakANDa aura tapake virodhameM ) kI lahara calI thii| mahAbhArata kAlameM kRSNa, balarAma usake samarthaka the tathA sAtvatoMmeM usakA vizeSa rUpase pracAra bhI thA35 / parantu caidyoMne bhI isa naye dharmako apanA liyA thA isakA spaSTa ullekha nahIM milatA phira bhI yaha anumAna lagAnA bahuta kaThina nahIM hai ki jisa dharmakA pravartana unake eka pUrvajane kiyA thA aura jo unake (29) bhA. iti. rUparekhA, 219 (30) dekho (5) (31) mahAbhArata bhISmaparva, adhyAya 50, zloka 46-49 (32) dekho (10) (33) mahAbhArata karNaparva, adhyAya 45, zloka 14-16 (34) , , , (35) bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA, pRSTha 246
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________________ mahAbhArata kAla meM bundelakhaNDa sambandhI yAdavoMmeM bahuta pracalita thA usa dharmakA prabhAva unapara bhI par3A hogaa| dazArNa dezake vRSNi yAdava to kRSNa ke bahuta nikaTa the| rAmAyaNa kAlameM isa pradezameM atri, sutIkSaNa, Adi RSiyoMke Azrama the parantu isa yuga meM Arya loga yahAM para pUrI taraha chA cuke the aura cedi deza se jhara jhara kara vindhyake usa pAra bastiyAM basAte jAte the / isa kAla taka RSiyoMkA yuga bhI samApta ho cukA thaa| aura vyAsa jI vedoMke saMkalana vargoM - karaNa aura sampAdana meM lage hue the / svayaM vyAsajIke viSaya meM sunA jAtA hai ki ve isI pradeza meM rahate the / parantu yaha ThIka nahIM hai| ve to badarikAzrama meM rahate the| yaha bhI AtA hai ki vyAsa mAtA satyavatI jo zAntanupatnI huI cedi nareza basu caidyoparicara kI kanyA thI parantu zrI jayacandra vidyAlaMkArane prAcIna yugakI vaMza tAlikAeM taiyAra kI haiM unake anusAra yaha asambhava jAna par3atA hai kyoMki satyavatI unnAsIvIM pIr3hImeM tathA zAntanu nabbevIM pIr3hI meM Ate haiM 3 6 / vaise to ve tAlikAeM bhI antima nahIM hai parantu itanA satya hai ki abhI adhika anusandhAnakI AvazyakatA hai / isa kAla meM zrAryaloga kRSiko apanA cuke the / indrane isa dezake rahane vAloMkI jo prazaMsA kI 1 thI isameM eka vAkya yaha thA " kamajora bailako ilameM nahIM jotane vAle haiM 7 / " isake atirikta ve sundara nagaroMkA nirmANa bhI karane lage the vedi dezakI rAjadhAnI zuktimatI eka prarUpAta nagarI yI Azvamedhika parva meM use ramaNIya nagarI kahA isa prakAra aura bhI anumAna lagAye jA sakate haiM aura anumAna pramAkha ke abhAva meM itihAsa nahIM nana sakate / Aja bhI mahAbhArata kAlIna bhArata eka rahasya banA huA hai yadyapi zrAvaraNa haTatA jA rahA hai to bhI adhyayana ra anusandhAnakI Aja jitanI AvazyakatA hai, utanI sambhavataH kabhI nahIM thI / isa navabhArata meM hI bhAratakA atIta rahasya mukta na ho sakA to kaba hogA ? (36) bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA 0265 (37) dekho (10) 603
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________________ yahI bhUmi zoNita sanI, yahi pahAr3a yahi dhAra / hama bundela khaNDIna ko, yahi hai svarga vihAra / /
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________________ prathama tIrthaMkara bha0 RSabhadeva ke Atmaja prathama-siddha zrIbAhubalikI (57 phITa unnata ) prastaramUrti zravaNabelagolA tIrthAdhirAja bha0 mahAvIrakI ati prAcIna mUrti 605 varNI abhinandana grantha citrA
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________________ vI-abhinandana-grantha varNIjI kA ghr| mar3AvarAkA skUlajahAM vIjI chAtra tathA adhyApaka rhe| mar3AvarA kI zAlA (vaiSNava mandira) jahAM varNIjI kathA sunane jAte the| gorAvAlA-jainamandira jisane varNIjI ko jainadharmakI ora AkRSTa kiyaa| 606
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________________ jamar3Ara udgama (mar3AvarAkA dAdA-sarovara) mar3AvarAkA durga tathA sarovara gorAvAlA mandirakA pRSTha bhAga gorAvAlA mandirakI jina pratimAeM 607 jatArAkI pAThazAlA tathA DAkakhAnA jahAM varNIjIne ghara chor3ane para kArya kiyA citrA
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha jatArAkA jainamandira jatArAkA sarovara jisake taTapara varNIjI dharmagoSThI karate the simarAkA jainamandira bAIjIkI bakhara, simarA
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________________ 609 sva. sivaina ciroMjAbAIjI simarA varNIjI kI dharmamAtA sva. paM0 ambAdAsa zAstrI, kAzI varNIjI ke vidyAguru citrAM
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha samma kaashii| janmasthAna, bhadainIbha. supArzvanAtha kA 610 vartamAna yugake jaina vidvAnoMkA vidyAkUla-zrI syAdvAda di0 jaina vidyAlaya kAzI; varNIjI isake saMsthApaka "tathA chAtra rahe haiN| zrI chedIlAla-jaina mandira (zikharayukta) jisake nIceke bhAgameM chAtra varNIjI rahate the| bheluupur-kaashii| bha. pArzvanAthakA-janmasthAna
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________________ citrI varNIjI ke dIkSAguru sva. bra. gokula candra jI yuvaka paM0 gaNezaprasAda (varNI) rAga-virAgakI dvividhAmeM varNItrayabrahmacArI paM0 gaNezaprasAda varNI, parama tapasvI bAbA bhAgIrathajI varNI bra0 dIpacandrajI varNI
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________________ varNI-abhinandana grantha zrI 1008 mahAvIraprabhukI mUrti kuNDalapura zrI kuNDalapura kSetra (madhya pradeza), jahAM varNIjIne brahmacarya dIkSA lI thI 612
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________________ di. jaina tIrtha kSetra zrI kunDalapUra jI (damoha-ma.pra.) zrI rezandIgiri atizaya kSetra-jahAM varNIjI kI virakti puSTa huI kuNDalapurakA sarovara aura jinamandira 613. Feng SM citrA
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha zrI jalamandira rezandIgiri saMskRta pAThazAlA droNagiri varNajI kI sAdhanAkA kSetra zrI droNagiri sAgara vidyAlayakA mAnastambha 614
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________________ 615 varNIjI kI Atmazodhake mArga meM upayogI atizayakSetra papaurA (vi.pra.) zrI varNI di. jaina vidyAlaya sAgara (ma. pra.), varNI jI dvArA saMsthApita bundela khaNDakI saikar3oM zikSA saMsthAoM meM agraNI varNI di. jaina vidyAlayakA bAhyadRzya citrA
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha zrI candraprabhu mandirakA prAcIna pravezadvAra, papaurA zrI mahAvIra jinamUrti. khajurAhA
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________________ 617 zrI AdinAtha mandira, khajurAhA 48 yakSa-yakSiNI, khajurAhA citrA
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________________ vargI-abhinandana-pranya 618 bUr3hI canderI-gupta kAlIna mUrtikalAke avazeSa
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________________ canderI- khaMdArajI 619 citrA
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha varNIjI kI dharmamAtA siMdhaina ciroMjAbAIjI kA samAdhimaraNa zrI DUMgarendradevake samayameM nirmita vizAla tIrthaMkara mUrtiyAM, gavAliyara 620
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________________ citrA 'vairAgya mevAbhayam' aneka tIrthokA bhramaNa tathA zikSA saMsthA udghATana-tIrthakA pravartana karane ke bAda kSullaka varNIjI 621
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________________ varNI-abhinandata-grantha zrI 108 AcArya kundakundake -samayasArake pracAra dvArA sarvahitameM rata varNIjI 622
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________________ kAnajI mahArAjake upadezadvArA kundakundAmnAyameM dIkSita agra-zrAvaka -- 623 AcArya kundakundake ananya bhakta zrI kAnajI mahArAja, sonagar3ha citrA
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha CES tIrthAdhirAja mahAvIra svAmIkA dakSiNa bhAratIya citra --tathA zrAvikAeM, sonagar3ha (agalI paMktimeM baiThI kumAriyoMne isa bhautika yugameM bhI AjIvana brahmacarya dhAraNa kiyA hai / ) Cav
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________________ citrAM bundelakhaNDakI jhAMkI varNI-janapadakA orachA-durga varNI-janapadake zramajIvI kRSaka (caituaa)| bundelakhaNDakA melA bundela khaNDake bAlaka 625
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________________ varNI- abhinandana grantha AMvalA bundelakhaNDa ke phUle vizeSa vRkSa zAlmali palAza 626 kacanAra Amra
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________________ citrA bundelakhaNDameM godhanake vikAsakA prayatna,17 sera dUdha dene vAlI gAya purAtattvavettAoM kI pratIkSAmeM kRSipradhAna janapadakI AzA, svastha kizora baila 627
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________________ varNI-abhinandana-grantha bundelakhaNDake ramaNIya mArga varSAmeM kUlaMkaSA bundela khaNDakI saritA zaratkAlIna svaccha saritA 628
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________________ varNI abhinandana grantha kAryAlaya di0 jaina saMgha bhadainI, banArasa