Jain Dharm Parichay

Author(s): Rushabhprasad Jain
Publisher: Bharatiya Gyanpith
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/020865/1

Page #1
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra // anaMtalabdhinidhAna zrI gautamasvAmine namaH / / // yoganiSTha AcArya zrImad buddhisAgarasUrIzvarebhyo namaH // // kobAtIrthamaMDana zrI mahAvIrasvAmine namaH // AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira Websiet : www.kobatirth.org Email: Kendra@kobatirth.org www.kobatirth.org punitapreraNA va AzIrvAda rASTrasaMta zrutoddhAraka AcAryadeva zrImat padmasAgarasUrIzvarajI ma. sA. zrI jaina mudrita graMtha skeniMga prakalpa graMthAMka : 1 mahAvIra zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira kobA, gAMdhInagara - zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira kobA, gAMdhInagara-382007 (gujarAta) (079) 23276252, 23276204 pheksa: 23276249 jaina / / gaNadhara bhagavaMta zrI sudharmAsvAmine namaH / / // cAritracUDAmaNi AcArya zrImad kailAsasAgarasUrIzvarebhyo namaH / / amRtaM ArAdhanA tu kendra kobA vidyA Wan zahara zAkhA AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira zahara zAkhA AcAryazrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira traNa baMgalA, Tolakanagara parivAra DAiniMga haoNla kI galI meM pAlaDI, ahamadAbAda - 380007 (079) 26582355

Page #2
jainadharma paricaya ahiMsA paramo dharmaH parasparopagrahI jIvAnAm 50000000000 sampAdana : pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #3
namra sUcana isa grantha ke abhyAsa kA kArya pUrNa hote hI niyata samayAvadhi meM zIghra vApasa karane kI kRpA kareM. jisase anya vAcakagaNa isakA upayoga kara sakeM. jainadharma paricaya manuSya kI sRjanAtmakatA kA aisA koI pakSa nahIM hai, jise jaina AcAryoM evaM manISiyoM ne apanI sRjana / kI sAdhanA se samRddha na kiyA ho, cAhe vaha dharma / aura darzana kA vicAra kA pakSa ho yA AcAra kA, cAhe bhASA aura sAhitya ke zAstra kA pakSa ho yA prayoga aura usakI racanAtmakatA kA, cAhe kalA aura vijJAna ke dvArA kI jAne vAlI yathArtha kI nita nayI parIkSA ke sAtha kalAtmaka yA vaijJAnika tathyoM va vastuoM kI prastuti kA ho yA unake vizleSaNa kA, cAhe gaNita ke siddhAnta va parigaNana kA ho yA bhautika vijJAna ke Akalana kA, cAhe mUrtikalA kA ho yA citrakalA kA yA unakI bArIkiyoM va sapATa prastutiyoM kA, cAhe gRhastha ke jIvana kA ho yA sAdhaka ke jIvana kA, aadi-aadi| manuSya kI sRjanAtmakatA ke ina sabhI pakSoM ko lekara jainoM ke avadAna ko yahA~ isa pustaka meM sAra-saMkSepa meM rakhA gayA hai| prayAsa rahA hai ki adhikAMzataH sabhI pakSa isameM samAhita ho jaaeN| dharma-darzana ke AcAra va vicAra sambandhI vividha viSayoM ke sAtha-sAtha jaina jIvana se jur3e kucha viSayoM yathA- saMgIta, gaNita, vAstu, jJAna-vijJAna, itihAsa, bhUgola, jyotiSa, alaMkArazAstra, bhASAcintana, bhAratIya vyAkaraNa paramparA ko jainoM kA avadAna, unake dvArA poSita koza paramparA, Ayurveda kI paramparA, vaizvika sandarbha meM jainadharma Adi isaprakAra kI sAmagrI bhI isa saMcayana meM sa~joI gayI nissandeha yaha bRhat kRti jaina-jainetara sabhI pAThakoM evaM svAdhyAya-premiyoM ko upayogI siddha hogii| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #4
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jainadharma paricaya ahiMsA paramo dharmaH parasparopagrahI jIvAnAm sampAdana : pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #5
San W-889SH 29-11-13/jJAna gari jJAna garimA ke 68 varSa bhAratIya jJAnapITha (ODO NANaM (OTO payAsayaMta bhAratIya jJAnapITha ACHARYA SRI KAILASSAGARSURI GYANMANDIR SRI MAHAVIAJIRARADHANA KENDRA Koba, Gandhinagar-382 009 Phone : (079) 23276252, 23276204.0 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #6
jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #7
prakAzaka / lekhaka kI anumati ke binA isa pustaka ko yA isake kisI aMza ko saMkSipta, parivardhita kara prakAzita karanA yA filma Adi banAnA kAnUnI aparAdha hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #8
jainadharma paricaya sampAdaka pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina bhAratIya jJAnapITha For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #9
mUrtidevI granthamAlA : hindI granthAMka 45 ISBN 978-93-263-5058-7 jainadharma paricaya sampAdaka : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina prakAzaka: bhAratIya jJAnapITha 18, insTITyUzanala eriyA, lodI roDa nayI dillI-110 003 mudraka : vikAsa kampyUTara aiMDa priMTarsa, dillI pahalA saMskaraNa : 2012 mUlya : 400 rupaye (c) bhAratIya jJAnapITha JAIN DHARAMA PARICHAYA Edited by : Vrashabh Prasad Jain Published by Bharatiya Jnanpith 18, Institutional Area, Lodi Road New Delhi-110003 e-mail : jnanpith@satyam.net.in, sales@jnanpith.net website : www.jnanpith.net First Edition : 2012 Price: Rs. 400 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #10
prAkkathana jaina sAhitya ke prAcIna, durlabha evaM mahattvapUrNa granthoM ke prakAzana meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI agraNI bhUmikA rahI hai| apane sthApanA kAla (1944 I.) se abataka isa saMsthAna ko bhAratIya cintana, saMskRti aura dharma-darzana se sambandhita saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, kannar3a Adi aneka prAcIna bhASAoM ke saikar3oM granthoM kA vaijJAnika paddhati se sampAdana aura anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzana kA zreya prApta hai| ye grantha dharma, darzana, nyAya aura siddhAnta ke hI nahIM, purANa, kAvya, itihAsa, sthApatyakalA, jyotiSa Adi viSayoM se bhI sambaddha haiN| isa kArya meM jJAnapITha ko samaya-samaya para bhArata ke dhurandhara jaina vidvAnoM kA nirdezana aura sampAdana kA lAbha prApta huA hai| pichale kucha samaya se merI yaha bhAvanA rahI hai ki bhAratIya jJAnapITha se eka aisI pustaka prakAzita ho, jisameM vartamAna sandarbha meM sAmAnya jaina evaM jainetara pAThakoM ko jainadharma sambandhI arthAt jainadharma, darzana, itihAsa, sAhitya, purAtattva aura saMskRti se sambaddha sampUrNa jAnakArI eka jagaha upalabdha ho| ___ yadyapi isa taraha kI kucheka pustakeM pahale se hI prakAzita haiM, phira bhI Aja ke badalate pariveza meM pAThaka kI nayI dRSTi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara unhIM prAcIna AcAryoM aura manISiyoM ke cintana ko naye DhaMga se prastuta karanA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| ___yahI dhyAna meM rakhakara prasiddha vidvAna pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina, lakhanaU se salAha kara unake sampAdana meM eka rUparekhA taiyAra kI gayI aura deza-videza ke viSayavizeSajJa vidvAnoM se samparka kiyA gyaa| phalasvarUpa yaha pustaka sAmAnya jana ke sAtha-sAtha jainadharma ke adhyetAoM ke lie bhI upayogI hogI-aisA merA vizvAsa sadguruoM kA upadeza hamAre jIvana ko ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya evaM aparigraha rUpI sadAcAramayI jIvanapaddhati, se jIne kA hai| jisase mahAvrata aura prAkkathana :: 5 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #11
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org aNuvrata rUpa jaina AcAramayI jIvana Ananda prApti kA sAdhana banatA hai / 'jiyo aura jIne do' kA mAMgalika sandeza isa jIvana zailI se svayaM prasArita hotA hai / kaSAyoM aura viSaya-vAsanAoM dvArA hone vAle jIvana vikAroM kA zamana saMyamAcaraNa aura indriya - nigraha ke sAtha samasta prANiyoM para samatAbhAva kI pravRtti se hI sambhava hai| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir isI prakriyA meM jIva-ajIva Adi tattva - vyavasthA, bhedajJAna pUrvaka samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna kI prApti kA upAya, isako samajhane ke lie anekAnta - syAdavAda, pramANa, naya, nikSepa, dravya-guNa-paryAya, jIva ke bhAva, una bhAvoM se hone vAlA bandha - mokSa, bandhaprakriyA meM karma, mukti prakriyA meM guNasthAna ArohaNa, nimittaupAdAna rUpa kAraNa- -kArya vivecanA Adi dharma-darzana ke svarUpa kA udghATana hotA hai / jainadharma kA viziSTa avadAna anekAnta- syAdvAda siddhAnta, vicAroM meM udAratA tathA samanvaya kI pravRtti kA honA hai, jo ki ahiMsA kA AdhyAtmika pakSa puSTa karatI hai| isI siddhAnta se hI kAryoM va vicAroM meM sAmaMjasya kI sthApanA vizvabhara meM sambhava hai / jainadharma kI zramaNaparamparA, zrAvakaparamparA aura usameM pUjA-vidhAna, vrata, niyama Adi kA svarUpa, mokSamArga, dhyAna, dazalakSaNa dharma, bAraha bhAvanAe~, solahakAraNa bhAvanAe~, vairAgyabhAvanA tathA samAdhibhAvanA sahita sallekhanA Adi jainAcAra ko sampuSTa karane vAle mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka haiN| jaina sAhitya paramparA apane Apa meM bahuta samRddha rahI hai| isameM prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, tamila, kannar3a, marAThI evaM hindI ke sAtha-sAtha anya bhASA sAhitya ke granthoM se prAcIna evaM Adhunika bhAratIya sAhitya ke bhaMDAra kI zrIvRddhi huI hai / bhASA sAhitya ke antargata vyAkaraNa, koza, alaMkAra Adi kA upayoga jainAcAryoM ne khule mana se kiyA hai| gaNita, bhUgola, jyotiSa, tantra-mantra, Ayurveda Adi viSaya bhI apane apratimarUpa meM manISiyoM kI lekhanI se prasUta hue haiN| jainadharma ke bahuAyAmIpane meM kalA marmajJatA - mUrtiyoM, citroM, vAstu, pratIkoM meM dRSTavya hai / 6 :: jainadharma paricaya Adhunika vaijJAnikatA kA samAveza jainadharma ke pratyeka upadeza aura AcaraNa meM pUrNataH samAhita hai| zodha-khoja ke kSetra meM loka vyavasthA, khAna-pAna, AcAravicAra, maryAdAe~ Adi jainadharma ke upadezoM meM hamezA se abhivyakta hotI AyI haiM / grantha kI isa sampUrNa sAmagrI ko dekhakara lagatA hai ki jainadharma kA paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #12
itanA vistRta hai ki ise isI prakAra ke dugune prayAsa dvArA bhI pUrNata: vyAkhyAyita kara pAnA sambhava nahIM lgtaa| ___ anta meM, hamArA una sabhI mahAnubhAvoM ke prati AbhAra ki jinhoMne hamAre anurodha ko svIkAra kiyA aura pustaka ke lie apekSita lekha yathAsamaya bhejakara jJAnapITha ko sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| pustaka ke pradhAna sampAdaka pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina, lakhanaU kA AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~ ki unhoMne isa zramasAdhya kArya ke lie apanA bahumUlya samaya diyA, vidvAn lekhakoM se nirantara samparka banAe rakhakara kArya ko vidhivat sampAdita kiyaa| bhAratIya jJAnapITha meM kAryarata hamAre donoM sahayogI bandhu DaoN. gulAbacandra jaina evaM rAkeza jaina zAstrI ko dhanyavAda ki unhoMne isake sampAdana meM apanA pUrA sahayoga diyaa| sAhU akhileza jaina prabandha nyAsI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prAkkathana ::7 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #13
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sampAdakIya bhAratavarSa meM dharma koI bAhara se or3hI jAne vAlI or3hanI kI taraha kabhI bhI nahIM rahA hai, vahA~ to vaha rahane vAle manuSyoM ke jIvana meM va unakI hara kriyA meM bhItara taka anusyUta hokara rahA hai, racA-pacA rahA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki usane manuSya ke jIvana ke hara pahalU para va usakI hara kriyA para apanI chApa chor3I hai va use prabhAvita kiyA hai, aura isakA pariNAma yaha bhI rahA hai ki kaI bAra dharmAnuyAyI ko apane dharma se prabhAvita hone vAlI kriyA ko karate hue bhI patA hI nahIM calatA ki vaha apane jIvana kI amuka kriyA apane dharma ke vicAra se prabhAvita hokara kara rahA hai, para vaha vaisI kriyA kara rahA hotA hai, aura yaha kriyA usake dvArA acAnaka huI nahIM hotI hai, balki usa kriyA ke pIche kahIM na kahIM usake dhArmika vicAroM ne bhI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAyI hotI hai aura pUrI kI pUrI kriyA usake dharma ke sA~ce ke anusAra huI hotI hai; kaI bAra aisA bhI hotA hai ki samyak vicAra kI jAnakArI na hone ke kAraNa usakI kriyA kA kucha aMza usakI AsthA ke dharma ke anusAra huA hotA hai aura kucha aMza AsthA ke dharma se vimukha hokara bhI aura kaI bAra pUrI kI pUrI kriyA dharma se vimukha hokara bhI huI hotI hai / yadyapi jainadharma kA paricaya karAne vAlI aneka pustakeM aba taka prakAzita ho cukI haiM aura unameM se adhikAMza kevala jainadharma va darzana sambandhI kucha vicAroM ko sAmane rakhatI haiM, phira bhI abhI taka koI bhI aisI pustaka prakAza meM nahIM AyI hai, jo jainoM ke sarvavidha vicAroM aura kriyAoM ko sAmane rakhatI ho| aisI pustaka ke aba taka prakAzita na hone se kSati yaha huI hai ki Ama jainadharma anuyAyI bhI yaha nahIM jAnatA ki manuSya ke jIvana se jur3I vicAroM aura kriyAoM kI vividhatAoM kI itanI samRddha paramparAoM aura upaparamparAoM kA vaha uttarAdhikArI hai| isa prakAra kI racanA ke aba taka prakAzita na ho pAne ke pIche eka kAraNa yaha bhI rahA hai ki eka to isaprakAra kI sAmagrI kahIM eka jagaha upalabdha nahIM hai, dUsare itane viSayoM kI vizeSajJatA kI sambhAvanA bhI kisI eka vyakti se nahIM kI jA sktii| tIsare yaha jJAnarAzi prAkRta- saMskRta- apabhraMza ke mUla granthoM meM hai, aura cauthe jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM ke dainandina jIvana kI vibhinna kriyAoM kI, jinake jAnakAra bhI aba bar3I muzkila se milate haiM arthAt virala haiM, koI sUcI hamane kabhI 8 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #14
banAyI nhiiN| kahIM bhASA ke jAnakAra milate haiM, to viSaya ke nahIM aura kahIM viSaya ke milate haiM, to bhASA ke nhiiN| kahIM viSaya aura bhASA donoM ke jAnakAra mila jAte haiM, para dharmAnusAra AcaraNa kI kriyAtmakatA ke nahIM aura jo kriyAtmakatA ke yA kriyAoM ke vizeSajJa haiM, unake pAsa bhASAtmaka abhivyakti nahIM hai| agara kisI meM bhASAtmaka abhivyakti mila jAtI hai, to usameM viSaya kI pUrNatA nahIM hai| jainoM ke sarvavidha vicAroM aura kriyAoM ke lakSya ko pAnA kisI bhI pustaka ke lie AsAna bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki ukta kArya kA paricaya karAne ke lie kaI khaMDoM meM prakAzita hone vAlA vizvakoSa kA maoNDala hI samucita hai, phira bhI hamane usa lakSya ko pAne kA kucha AMzika prayAsa isa pustaka kI prastuti ke mAdhyama se kiyA hai| hama nahIM jAnate ki hama isameM kitane saphala hue haiM, para hamane koziza jarUra kI hai ki kucha aMzoM meM isa lakSya ko kama-se-kama hama jarUra pA skeN| jainadharma aura usake anuyAyiyoM kI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki unhoMne apanI svatantra pahacAna banAye rakhakara bhI nirantara akhaMDa bhAratIyatA ko samRddha karane meM apanI bhUmikA nibhAyI hai| yadi akhaMDa bhAratIyatA kI prastuti meM jainoM ke isa yogadAna ko jitane aMzoM meM ThIka se nahIM rakhA jA pAegA, to bhAratIyatA utane aMzoM meM apane isa bahuta mahattvapUrNa phalasaphA se vaMcita raha jaaegii| Apa jainoM ke jIvana ke itihAsa aura isakI paramparAoM ko dekheM, to yaha bAta sApha ujAgara hotI hai, ki manuSya kI sRjanAtmakatA kA aisA koI pakSa nahIM hai, jise jaina AcAryoM evaM manISiyoM ne apanI sRjana kI sAdhanA se samRddha na kiyA ho, cAhe vaha dharma aura darzana kA vicAra kA pakSa ho yA AcAra kA, cAhe bhASA aura sAhitya ke zAstra kA pakSa ho yA prayoga aura usakI racanAtmakatA kA, cAhe kalA aura vijJAna ke dvArA kI jAne vAlI yathArtha kI nita nayI parIkSA ke sAtha kalAtmaka yA vaijJAnika tathyoM va vastuoM kI prastuti kA ho yA unake vizleSaNa kA, cAhe gaNita ke siddhAnta va parigaNana kA ho yA bhautika vijJAna ke Akalana kA, cAhe mUrtikalA kA ho yA citrakalA kA yA unakI bArIkiyoM va sapATa prastutiyoM kA, cAhe AhAra-vijJAna kA ho yA pAcanavijJAna kA, cAhe gRhastha ke jIvana kA ho yA sAdhaka ke jIvana kA, aadi-aadi| yadyapi yaha bhI satya hai ki manuSya kI sRjanAtmakatA ke ina sabhI pakSoM ko lekara jainoM ke avadAna ko yahA~ pUrI taraha se isa pustaka meM nahIM rakhA jA sakA hai, phira bhI prayAsa rahA hai ki adhikAMzataH sabhI pakSa isameM samAhita ho jAe~ isalie aneka pakSoM ko vizeSajJoM ke AlekhoM ke mAdhyama se kI jAne vAlI prastuti ke rUpa meM isameM rakhA hai, jinameM se aneka pakSa jainadharma kI isa prakAra kI paricayAtmaka pustaka meM pahalI bAra prakAzita ho rahe haiM, aura kaI viSaya naye vizleSaNa ke saath| ye isa prastuti meM kaI viSaya hamase chUTa bhI gae haiM, isake pIche bhI tIna pramukha kAraNa rahe-1. hameM usa viSaya ke vizeSajJa apanI samaya sampAdakIya ::9 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #15
sImA ke bhItara nahIM mile, 2. mile bhI to unhoMne samaya-sImA ke bhItara hamArI apekSA ke anurUpa prastuti nahIM kI yA hama unase yatna karane para bhI na le pAye isake bAvajUda, 3. eka khaMDIya pustaka ke kalevara kI sImA ke kAraNa bhI hameM kaI viSaya chor3a dene pdd'e| isa pustaka meM hamane jainadharma aura jaina jIvana se jur3e vividha pakSoM ko rakhane kA jo prayAsa kiyA hai, usameM hamArA yaha bhAva bhI rahA hai ki panthavAda yA vivAda yA asahamati ke viSaya isa pustaka meM na jAne pAe~ tathA vicAra bhI jainatva kI sabhI dhArAoM se isameM Ae~, isalie isake lekhaka bhI jainoM kI prAya: sabhI dhArAoM se liye gae haiM, hAlA~ki maiM yaha bhI mAnatA hU~ ki sabhI lekhoM meM aisA ho na pAyA hai| cU~ki maiM yaha mAnatA hU~ ki pratyeka lekhaka svatantra cetA hai aura usake lekhana kI apanI svAyattatA hai, isalie pratyeka lekha meM diye gae lekhaka ke vicAra apane haiN| isake bAbajUda, hamArI koziza yaha rahI hai ki yaha pustaka jainoM kI samagratA kI pratIka-pustaka bne| pUrI pustaka vaicArikI, itihAsa evaM saMskRti, dharma-darzana, AcAra, jJAna-vijJAna, kalA, jainadharma aura vaizvika sandarbha, sAhitya aura vibhinna sAhitya paramparAoM ko jainoM kA avadAna Adi pramukha upakhaMDoM meM ba~TI hai, jisameM jaina vicAra, AcAra, jJAna-vijJAna aura sRjanAtmakatA Adi kI samRddha paramparA kA paricaya karAne kI koziza kI gaI hai| isa pustaka ke prakAzana ke pIche bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke puraskartAoM ke do lakSya rahe haiM- 1. jainadharma aura jaina jIvana se jur3e prAyaH sabhI pakSa isameM samAhita hoM; 2. yaha pustaka jaina ajaina Ama pAThaka ko jainadharma kA paricaya karA ske| jo sAmagrI isa pustaka ke prakAzana se sAmane A rahI hai, usase pahalA lakSya to sImA ke sAtha bahuta aMzoM meM pAyA jA sakA hai| viSaya-vizeSajJoM se nirantara carcA ke mAdhyama se jaina dharma-darzana ke AcAra va vicAra sambandhI vividha viSayoM ke sAtha-sAtha jaina jIvana se jur3e kucha viSayoM yathAsaMgIta, gaNita, vAstu, jJAna-vijJAna, itihAsa, bhUgola, jyotiSa, alaMkArazAstra, bhASAcintana, bhAratIya vyAkaraNa paramparA ko jainoM kA avadAna, jainoM ke dvArA poSita koza paramparA, Ayurveda kI paramparA, vaizvika sandarbha meM jainadharma Adi isaprakAra kI sAmagrI hama isa saMcayana meM sa~jo sake haiN| pustaka prakAzana kA dUsarA lakSya pUrI taraha utane aMzoM meM nahIM pAyA jA sakA hai, isake pIche saMkaTa yaha rahA ki jo viSaya-vizeSajJa haiM, ve viSaya meM itane DUbe hote haiM ki ve Ama jana kI bhASA meM prAyaH bAta hI nahIM kara pAte, isalie isa pustaka ke Age ke saMskaraNoM meM hama usa ora isa sAmagrI ko lekara bar3hane kA prayAsa kareMge aura isakA eka sarala va saMkSipta saMskaraNa zIghra prakAzita kreNge| jaina darzana va nyAya sambandhI gUr3ha aura jaTila viSayoM, yathA- tattvamImAMsA, jaina nyAya kI paramparA, pramANa-naya-nikSepa, kAraNa-kArya vivecanA, anekAnta, anekAntavAda banAma syAdvAda, dravya-guNa-paryAya, aupazamika Adi bhAvoM Adi para bhI sAmagrI hama isa pustaka 10 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #16
meM saMkSipta rUpa meM de pA rahe haiM, tAki hamAre isa grantha ke sammAnanIya pAThaka prAthamika rUpa meM to yaha jAna sakeM ki bhAratIya darzana aura nyAya kI samRddha paramparA se jur3e ina gambhIra viSayoM para jaina dRSTi kyA rahI hai?...hamane bhAratIya kalA ke kSetra meM jainoM ke yogadAna ko sammukha rakhane kI dRSTi se pratIka, mUrtikalA, citrakalA, mandira va gRha-vAstu Adi para bhI Alekha isa saMcayana meM diye haiM, para kalA ke sAtha-sAtha jainoM ke sAhityika avadAna ko bhI prastuta karane se hama nahIM bhUle haiM aura isa dRSTi se hamane prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, kannar3a, tamila, marAThI va hindI Adi ke sAhitya para svatantra nibandha diye haiN| yahIM, hamane jaina bhaktikAvya kI paramparA kI vizeSatA ko pramukhataH rekhAMkita kiyA hai aura yaha bhI batAne kI koziza kI hai ki jaina bhakti kaise jainetara bhakti se bhinna hai?...vividha viSayoM ko lekara hamane jaina yAtrA sAhitya aura jaina kAnUna para bahuta mahattvapUrNa lekha die haiN| isa saMcayana para mere kAma karane se pUrva zrI rAkeza jaina zAstrI ne bhAratIya jJAnapITha meM rahate hue aneka Alekha likha rakhe the, unameM se kucha ko yathAsambhava parivardhita karate hue isa saMcayana meM jor3A gayA hai| vyaktigata rUpa se maiM va saMsthAgata rUpa meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kRtajJa hai, una sabhI manISiyoM kA, jinhoMne vyastatA rahate hue bhI, apane Alekha samaya nikAlakara isa pustaka ke vistIrNa svarUpa ko banAne ke lie die haiM, kyoMki aisA bahu-AyAmI kArya kisI eka vyakti ke dvArA sambhava nahIM thaa| isa saMcayana ke lekhakoM meM aneka mujhase variSTha haiM, mere zraddheya haiM, para aneka mere anujavat bhI, para saba isa saMcayana ko lAne meM sabhI mere Upara kRpAlu rahe haiN| ata: maiM eka bAra phira una saba kA manasA-vAcA AbhArI huuN| ____ maiM vyaktizaH AbhArI hU~ bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke padAdhikAriyoM kA, jinhoMne lambe samaya se samAja meM pratIkSita aisI pustaka kI saMkalpanA gar3hI aura yaha kAma karAne kA uttaradAyitva mujhe sauNpaa| maiM bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke prabandhanyAsI sAhU akhileza jaina kI usa pavitra bhAvanA kA bhI sammAna karatA hU~, jo unhoMne pustaka kI saMkalpanA se sambandhita pahalI baiThaka ke daurAna vyakta kI thI ki maiM isa pustaka ko jaina-ajaina una sabhI ke gharoM meM pahu~cAnA cAhatA hU~, jo jainadharma aura jaina jIvana-paddhati kI samRddha paramparA ke bAre meM thor3I bhI jAnakArI hAsila karanA cAhate haiN| maiM bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke vartamAna nidezaka aura apane mitra zrI ravIndra kAliyA jI kA bhI upakRta hU~, jinhoMne apanA svAsthya kharAba hote hue bhI isa pustaka ke tvarita prakAzana ke lie lagAtAra cintA kI aura jo jaba-taba hI nahIM, lagAtAra mere Upara tagAde kA painA calAte rhe| maiM bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke mukhya prakAzana adhikArI DaoN. gulAbacandra jaina va jainadharma paricaya pustaka pariyojanA ke bhAratIya jJAnapITha meM sahayogI zrI rAkeza jaina zAstrI kA vyaktigata rUpa se bahuzaH AbhArI hU~, yadi ina donoM manISiyoM kA sahayoga prArambha se hI lekhaka mitroM se lagAtAra patrAcAra karane, unake sAtha sampAdakIya :: 11 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #17
viSaya ke bAre meM spaSTIkaraNa mA~gane para mujhase carcA kara unheM sUcita karane, unase AyI sAmagrI ko samaya se kampoja karAne, usa sAmagrI meM parivardhana, parivartana va saMzodhana karane, apane lekha likhakara dene Adi ke bahAne na milA hotA, to yaha pustaka nizcita rUpa se Apa-saba ke hAthoM isa rUpa meM na pahu~ca paatii| ___aura anta meM jainadharma kI paricayAtmaka yaha kRti Apa-saba ko isa bhAva se samarpita ki yadi jainadharma ke vistIrNa phalaka kI thor3I-sI bhI samyak jAnakArI apane pAThaka ko karA sakI, to nizcaya hI yaha isake prakAzana kI, isake lekhakoM ke athaka zrama kI va bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke saMkalpa kI sArthakatA hogii| -vRSabha prasAda jaina 12 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #18
prAkkathana anukrama : sAhU akhileza jaina : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina sampAdakIya purovAk : dharma aura jainadharma : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina 19 23 29 vaicArikI kAla kI avadhAraNA aura kAlacakra : pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina evaM rAkeza jaina zAstrI itihAsa evaM saMskRti jaina itihAsa : DaoN. zazikAnta Izvara sambandhI jaina avadhAraNA : DaoN. zItala candra jaina tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga : rAkeza jaina zAstrI zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva : DaoN. bhAgacandra 'bhAskara' jaina yAtrA sAhitya : pro. rAjArAma jaina jaina tIrtha : DaoN. gulAbacandra jaina svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna : DaoN. kapUracandra jaina saMvidhAna para jaina dharmAvalambiyoM kA prabhAva : DaoN. (zrImatI) prabhAkiraNa jaina kAnUna : zrI anUpacanda jaina eDavokeTa sva 93 116 139 143 152 dharma-darzana tattvamImAMsA anekAnta anekAnta anekAntavAda evaM syAdvAda 175 : DaoN. sudIpa kumAra jaina : pro. muni mahendra kumAra : jaiphrI DI. lAMga : DaoN. jitendra bI. zAha : DaoN. dharmacanda jaina 185 187 nyAya 197 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #19
214 241 259 pramANa, naya aura nikSepa dravya-guNa-paryAya vizeSa evaM sAmAnya guNa aupazamika Adi jIva ke bhAva jIva aura karma sambandha karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA kAraNa-kArya vivecana : DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina : DaoN. rAkeza kumAra jaina : rAkeza jaina zAstrI : paM. ratanalAlajI bainADA : nIraja jaina, satanA : rAkeza jaina zAstrI : DaoN. zrIyAMza siMghaI 263 272 278 295 301 309 335 354 364 AcAra jaina AcAra mImAMsA zrAvakAcAra pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya pUjA paramparA vrata : jainAcAra ke AdhAra solA sallekhanA ahiMsA : eka saMkSipta pravezikA adhyAtma paryuSaNa parva dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga : DaoN. anekAnta kumAra jaina : DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina : bra. jayakumAra 'nizAnta' : DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA : DaoN. ramezacandra jaina : DaoN. bharata kumAra bAhuvalI kumAra : paM. ratanacanda bhArilla : DaoN. sulekhacandra jaina : paM. ratanacanda bhArilla : pro. vijaya kumAra jaina : rAkeza jaina zAstrI 372 377 390 398 410 421 472 496 510 560 jJAna-vijJAna dharma aura vijJAna gaNita bhUgola jainoM kA bhASA-cintana vyAkaraNa koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra Ayurveda paramparA jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa divyadhvani : kampyUTara-vijJAna 570 : pro. nalina ke. zAstrI : DaoN. anupama jaina : prAcArya abhaya kumAra jaina : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina : DaoN. kamaleza jaina : DaoN. kamaleza kumAra jaina : A. rAjakumAra jaina : zrI Aloka jayapati : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina 582 602 621 649 665 14 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #20
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 670 kalA pratIka darzana mUrtikalA saMgIta jinamandira evaM gRha-vAstu 686 : elAcArya prajJasAgara munirAja : pro. mArutinandana prasAda tivArI : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina : sanata kumAra vinoda kumAra jaina : DaoN. rAjendra jaina 703 713 vAstu 725 737 741 jainadharma aura vaizvika sandarbha videzoM meM jainadharma aphrIkA meM jainadharma yUropa meM jainadharma siMgApura meM jainadharma amerikA meM jainadharma : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina : DaoN. devendra jaina : ajita kumAra jaina bainAr3I : prIti zAha : DaoN. saMjaya jaina 744 749 754 sAhitya aura sAhitya paramparAe~ jaina sAhitya bhakti kAvya prAkRta-apabhraMza sAhitya-paramparA saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA kannar3a jaina sAhitya tamila jaina sAhitya marAThI jaina sAhitya hindI jaina sAhitya : pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina 764 : pro. vIrasAgara jaina 766 : pro. rAjArAma jaina 777 : DaoN. dAmodara zAstrI 787 : DaoN. esa. bI. sujAtA : siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI 818 : DaoN. (zrImatI) kusuma paToriyA 828 : pro. zrImatI puSpalatA jaina 840 808 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #21

Page #22
Adi tIrthaMkara RSabha deva For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #23
jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #24

Page #25
purovAk pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina dharma bhAratIya jIvana kA abhinna aMga rahA hai, balki yU~ kahA jAe ki dharma ke binA bhAratIya jIvana adhUrA hai, to koI atyukti na hogii|... para bhAratIya dharma 'rilIjana' kA paryAya hokara kabhI nahIM rahA hai aura 'ithiksa' (nItizAstra) mAtra kA hissA hokara bhI nhiiN| hamAre yahA~ dharma ne antaraMga kI parizuddhi kI bAta bhI kI hai, isake sAtha hI sAtha bAhya AcAra kI zuddhi kI bhI bAta kI hai| kula milAkara jahA~ eka ora dharma zuddhikaraNa kA paryAya hokara rahA hai, vahIM dUsarI ora svabhAva hokara bhii| kucha bhAratIya cintaka 'yad dhAryate tad dharmaH' arthAt jo dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dharma hai| vahIM kucha aura cintaka 'yena dhAryate tad dharmaH' jisake dvArA dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha sAdhanabhUta dharma hai| ina donoM paribhASAoM meM dhAraNa karane para bala hai| kucha aura cintaka kahate haiM - 'yad Acaryate, tad dharmaH' jo Acarita kiyA jAtA hai yA AcaraNa meM lAyA jAtA hai, vaha dharma hai| bhAva yaha hai ki hamAre AcAra kA niyantA dharma hai| dharma na ho, to AcAra kA niyantraNa na ho, aura AcAra kA niyantraNa na ho, to durAcAra yA kadAcAra bhI dharma hone laga jAe, jisakI anumati na hamAre zAstra dete haiM aura na pazcima ke zAstra hii| pazcima meM dharma (Religion) ithiksa' kA aMga hai| rilIjana kI vyAkhyA karate hue pazcimI vicAraka rilIjana ko usa parA sattA ke vizvAsa ke rUpa meM bhI dekhate haiM, jo saMsAra ko niyantrita karatI hai| kucha ricualsa (Rituals) bhI dharma ke aMga haiM aura unake yahA~ dharma 'ricualsa' ke sAtha adhikAMzata: ba~dhA hai| hamAre yahA~ dharma vaisA nahIM hai| dhAraNa karane meM bhI khAsa bAta yaha hai ki dhAraNa karane vAlA bhI dharma ko usakI carama pariNati meM AtmasAta karake hI rahatA hai| ___ jaina vicAraka pahale pairAgrApha meM ullikhita dharma ke svarUpa se sahamata nahIM hote| ve to kahate haiM ki dharma koI bAhara se or3hI jAne vAlI vastu nahIM hai| dharma to vastu kA svabhAva hai| dharma bhItara kI vastu hai, isalie dharma nija kI nija meM pariNati hai, kyoMki dharma ke anusAra para kI nija meM pariNati ho nahIM sakatI aura nija kI bhI para-rUpa bhI nahIM; isalie vaha dharma ho bhI nahIM sktaa| yahI kAraNa hai, ki hamArI paramparA kahatI hai -'vatthu sahAvo purovAk :: 19 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #26
dhmmo'| vastu kA jo svabhAva hai, vahI dharma hai| bhAva yaha hai ki dharma vastu ke sAtha ba~dhA hai| dharma ke binA vastu nahIM aura vastu ke binA dharma bhI nahIM, aura itanA hI nahIM, vastu ke binA saMsAra bhI nahIM aura mokSa bhI nahIM / isa prakAra 'vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai' isa paribhASA meM dharma kI sampUrNatA dRSTigocara hotI hai aura sabhI prasiddha lakSaNa samAhita ho jAte haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa vastu kA jo svabhAva hai, vahI usakA dharma hai| jaise laukikatA meM uda', 'ga ke lie-agni kA svabhAva uSNatva hai aura vahI usakA dharma hai| jo vyakti vaha jaisI hai, vaisA hI jAnatA hai, vaha jJAnI hai, sukhI hai aura jo vyakti agni ko uSNa na mAnakara anya-rUpa yA zItala mAnatA hai, vaha ajJAnI hai aura tajjanya uSNatA ko zItala mAnakara sparza kara baiThatA hai, vaha jalakara duHkhI hI hotA hai| isI prakAra jala kA svabhAva zItala hai aura vahI usakA dharma hai, mizrI kA svabhAva madhura hai aura vahI usakA dharma hai, namaka kA svabhAva kSAra-guNa-yuktatA, namakIna hai aura vahI usakA dharma hai, mirca kA svabhAva tiktatA hai aura vahI usakA dharma hai, ityAdi, ityaadi| jo vyakti inako aisA hI hai arthAt apane-apane svabhAva ke anurUpa hI jAnatA, mAnatA hai, vahI jJAnI hai aura jo anya prakAra se jAnatA-mAnatA hai, vahI ajJAnI hai| saMkSepa meM, jJAnI-ajJAnI kA yahI svarUpa hai| vastu svabhAva ko dharma mAnane para terA-merA ke samasta vivAda, jhagar3e-phasAda svayameva samApta ho jAte haiM; kyoMki vastu svabhAva meM kisI ke lie, kisI prakAra kA, yA koI bhI pakSapAta aMzamAtra bhI nahIM cltaa| agni garma hai, vaha sabhI ke lie garma hai, sarvadA garma hai, aura sarvatra garma hai, ityaadi| aisA nahIM hai ki hindU ke lie agni garma ho, to musalamAna ke lie ThaNDI ho yA bAlaka-vRddha, strI-puruSa ke lie bhinna rUpa se parivartita ho jaae| isI taraha aisA bhI nahIM hai ki Aja garma hai, kala ThaNDI thI yA kala ThaNDI ho jaaegii| isIprakAra aisA bhI nahIM hai ki hindustAna meM to agni garma ho, para pAkistAna meM ThaNDI yA anya rUpa ho jaae| ___ hamArI paramparA meM kahIM dharma ko kartavya ke rUpa meM, to kahIM vidhi-vyavasthA ke rUpa meM, to kahIM prathA ke rUpa meM, kahIM dhArmika kRtya ke rUpa meM, kahIM puruSArtha ke rUpa meM, kahIM adhikAra ke rUpa meM, kahIM nItizAstra ke rUpa meM aura kahIM loka-niyantA Adi ke rUpa meM dekhA gayA hai| paramparA meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki dhriyate loko'nena athavA dharati lokaM vA iti dhrmH| ina donoM paribhASAoM meM dharma kI kendrIyatA kI bAta hai| donoM lokaniyantA ke rUpa meM dharma ko dekhatI haiM, para donoM kA loka- niyantA rUpa dharma eka jaisA nahIM hai| 'dhriyate loko'nena' meM dharma sAdhana hai, loka kI dharaNIyatA kaa| jabaki 'dharati lokaM vA' meM dharma dhAraNa karane vAlA kartA hai| donoM meM vibhakti kA hI antara nahIM hai, balki svarUpa kA antara bhI hai-eka meM karaNa hai to dUsare meM kartA; para jaina paramparA ina 20 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #27
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir saba rUpoM meM dharma ko dekhatI jarUra hai, lekina jaba vaha paribhASA karatI hai to vaha dharma ko kevala svabhAva rUpa hI mAnatI hai aura vahI usakA upAdeya hai evaM prApya bhI hai| kula milAkara sampUrNa samaSTi dharmamaya hai; yA yU~ kaheM ki samaSTi ke isa loka meM rahanA bhI dharma se hai aura paraloka meM jAnA bhI dharma se hai / vastuoM ke binA na ihaloka hai, na prlok| jahA~-jahA~ vastue~ haiM, vahA~-vahA~ dharma hai aura isIlie vastu - AtmA kA dharma hI parama dharma hai| I jaina vicAraka aisI kisI parA sattA meM vizvAsa nahIM karate, jo saMsAra ko yA brahmANDa ko niyantrita karatI hai / ve to mAnate haiM ki pUrA brahmANDa dravyamaya hai aura dravya apane svabhAva ke anurUpa pariNamanazIla haiM, aura unakI paryAyeM parivartanazIla haiN| unameM hone vAlA pariNamana unakA svabhAva hai / usake lie kisI aura kartA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isalie unake anusAra saMsAra kA koI racayitA bhI nahIM aura koI niyantA bhI nahIM / unake mata meM pratyeka vastu sarva - tantra svatantra hai / eka vastu dUsare para Azrita nahIM aura dUsarI pahale para bhI nahIM / isalie hara vastu kA apanA svabhAva usakA dharma hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki saba dravyoM ke dharma eka se nhiiN| koI Azraya meM sahAyaka banatA hai, koI gati meM sahAyaka banatA hai, koI apane svarUpa meM ramane meM, to koI kisI aura meM; para ina saba meM khAsa bAta yaha hai ki dharma to vastu kA - vastuoM kA hI hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vastu ke svabhAva ko dharma kahA hai| 1 jaina jahA~ dharma ko svabhAva rUpa mAnA, vahIM dharma ke prayoga sandarbhoM ko lekara bhI dharma kI bahuvidha vyAkhyAe~ kIM / jahA~ ' cArittaM khalu dhammo' kahA, vahA~ bhI yadyapi AcArya bhagavAn cAritra ko hI dharma kaha rahe haiM, para vaha cAritra bhI jJAna aura darzana ke binA nahIM hotA, lekina yahA~ bhAva yaha hai ki Atma-svabhAva meM ramaNa-rUpa jo cAritra hai, vahI vastuta: dharma hai| cU~ki usameM darzana aura jJAna donoM samAhita haiM aura darzana aura jJAna kI pIThikA meM samyaktva bhI jur3A hai, isalie vastutaH vahA~ samyak ratnatraya rUpa cAritra ko hI dharma kI prAthamika sthiti ke rUpa meM dekhA gayA aura isIlie sambhavataH dUsare AcAryoM ne ' saddRSTijJAna-vRttAni dharmaH' kaha diyA / vahIM yaha vicAra bhI ubharA ki isa ratnatraya rUpa dharma kA mUlAdhAra darzana hai, isalie AcArya ne darzana kI pradhAnatA se 'daMsaNamUlo dhammo' kaha diyA, para khAsa bAta yaha hai ki kinhIM bhI paribhASAoM meM na samyaktva ko chor3A gayA hai, na darzana ko chor3A gayA hai, na jJAna ko chor3A gayA hai aura na cAritra ko hI / kula milAkara prayoga-sandarbha kI dRSTi se ye tInoM paribhASAe~ dharma ke ratnatraya rUpa ko hI prakhyApita karatI haiM / hamane jaina paramparA meM yaha bhI pAyA hai ki vahA~ kSamAdi dazalakSaNoM ko dharma mAnA gayA hai, para gambhIratA se Apa kSamA Adi dharma ke dazalakSaNoM para vicAra kareM, to ve vyAvahArika purovAk :: 21 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #28
dharma hote hue, nizcayAtmaka Atmika dharma ke hI prakAra haiN| bhAva yaha hai, vyavahAra dharma prArambhika sIr3hI haiM, carama dharma-Atma-dharma ko pAne kI; para vahA~ bhI dhyAna jainAcAryoM ne isa bAta para rakhA ki kahIM se bhI hama Atma-dharma ko na bhUla jaaeN| aise hI Apa jaina paramparA meM dharma ke sambandha meM prApta anya paribhASAoM yathA-'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH', 'dhammo dayA visuddhoM', 'jIvANaM rakkhaNo dhammo' ko bhI le sakate haiN| cAhe hama ahiMsA ke mArga para cala rahe hote haiM, cAhe hama dayA kara rahe hote haiM, cAhe hama jIvoM kI rakSA kara rahe hote haiM, para isa saba meM jaina vicArakoM kI khAsa bAta yaha rahI hai ki jIvoM kI rakSA karate hue bhI hama para kA bhalA nahIM kara rahe haiM, balki vAstava meM to hama svayaM kA bhalA kara rahe hai| kyoMki jaba hama itanI sajaga caryA kara rahe hote haiM ki eka choTI-sI bhI cIMTI hama se na mare, jala kI bUMda meM vidyamAna aneka jIvarAzi meM se eka kI bhI jAneanajAne hama se virAdhanA na ho jAe, to hama saca meM apane prati sajaga hue hote haiN| hamArI eka-eka caryA Atma vizuddhi ke lie hotI hai aura tabhI hama dharmamArga para cala rahe hote haiN| isalie jainoM kI mAnyatA meM dharma prayoga-dharmA bhI hai aura dharma vastu-dharmA bhI hai| hameM dekhanA isa bAta ko hai ki AcAryoM ne dharma kI vaha viziSTa paribhASA kisa dRSTi se dI hai! ___ isa pustaka meM hamane kevala dharma-darzana-adhyAtma aura AcAra kI hI bAta nahIM kI hai, balki isameM hamane alaMkAra zAstra, gaNita, vijJAna, kalA, itihAsa, saMskRti, Ayurveda, sAhitya aura sAhitya paramparAe~ evaM jainoM ke vaizvika sandarbha kI bAta bhI kI hai, ina sandarbho/AlekhoM ko jaba Apa par3heMge, to Apake anubhava meM yaha bAta svayaM AegI ki kalAkAra kI kalAkRti bhI raMgoM ke dharma ke binA vikasita nahIM hotii| sAhityakAra kI sAhitya dRSTi bhI zAnta rasa kI kendrIyatA ke binA carama pariNati ko hI prApta na kara pAtI hai| __bAta itanI hI nahIM, saMsAra kI koI vastu yA usameM hone vAlA pariNamana usa vastu ke bhItara samAhita dharma ke binA nahIM ho pAtA, isalie yahA~ isa pustaka meM hamane dharma ko bRhattara sandarbha meM dekhane kI koziza kI hai| 22 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #29
kAla kI avadhAraNA aura kAla-cakra pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina, rAkeza jaina zAstrI prAyaH kAla ko lekara hama do pAribhASikoM ke sAtha bAta karate haiN| ye pAribhASika haiM'kAla' aura 'smy'| kucha loga yA kucha vicAraka ina pAribhASikoM ko eka mAnate haiM aura dUsare ko usakA paryAyavAcI, para vahIM jaina vicAraka inheM eka nahIM mAnate, ve ina donoM meM antara dekhate haiM tathA ve mAnate haiM ki kAla ke bhItara samaya kI sattA hai, kAla nairantarya hai aura samaya eka kAlANu se dUsare kAlANu taka kI yAtrA kA antarAla / isIlie ve kAla ko ananta samaya vAlA mAnate haiN| bAta itanI hI nahIM, ve kAla kI avadhAraNA ko lokAkAza kI avadhAraNA se sambaddha mAnate haiM, para yahIM khAsa bAta yaha hai ki kAla aura samaya-pAribhASikoM kI carcA karate hue jaina vicAraka Tense aura Time ke paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM kAla aura samaya ko nahIM dekhte| kAla yadyapi dravya hai, phira bhI isakI avadhAraNA Abstraction para AdhArita hai| jainadharma-vijJAna meM loka AkAzamaya mAnA gayA hai| AkAza nahIM, to loka nahIM aura isIlie jainadharma-vijJAna meM lokAkAza kI bAta kI gaI hai tathA yaha kahA gayA hai ki AkAza pradezoM kA banA hotA hai| AkAza ke pradeza na hoM to AkAza na ho aura isa prakAra lokAkAza bhI na ho aura isI krama meM kAla kI avadhAraNA ko bhI avakAza na mile| 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM kahA gayA hai ki lokAkAza ke jitane pradeza haiM, utane kAlANu haiM aura ve niSkriya haiN| bhAva yaha hai, ki lokAkAza ke eka-eka pradeza para eka-eka kAlANu avasthita hai; kyoMki zAstra-vacana hai-lokAkAza ke eka-eka pradeza para jo ratnoM kI rAzi ke samAna avasthita haiM, unheM kAlANu jaanoN| ye kAlANu rUpAdi guNoM se rahita hone ke kAraNa amUrta haiN| (kucha pATha meM asaMkhya haiM) ye kAlANu svayaM meM akhaNDa haiM aura maNinumA ratnoM kI DherI ke samAna haiM / vibhinna rUpoM meM ginI jAne vAlI (pala, kSaNa, miniTa, ghaMTA, dina, rAta, saptAha, mAha, varSa Adi) kAla rUpI sattA kI laghutama ikAI haiM; kyoMki mUla rUpa meM yaha kAla dravya aNu rUpa hai| jo zAzvata kAla hai, vaha vartanA rUpa hai aura zAzvata kAla vaha nizcaya kAla hai aura jo vyavahAra kAla hai, usake asaMkhya nAmakaraNa va bheda Adi haiN| uparyukta ke atirikta bhUta, bhaviSyat, vartamAna, zvastanI, hyastanI Adi kI bhI gaNanA) kAla ke prasaMga ko lekara jahA~ gaNanA kI bAta hai, jainAcArya use vyavahArakAla mAnate kAla kI avadhAraNA aura kAla-cakra :: 23 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #30
haiM aura usI ke bhItara utsarpiNI, avasarpiNI Adi kI dRSTi se bheda dekhate haiN| vastutaH jo nizcaya kAla hai, vahI mukhya kAla hai aura vaha ananta samaya vAlA hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne eka aura khAsa bAta kAla ke sambandha meM vicAra kI-unake mata meM vartamAna kAla sadaiva eka samayavartI yA eka samayavAcI hai, jabaki bhUta aura bhaviSya donoM anantasamaya vAcaka haiN| yadyapi ye tInoM vyavahArakAla haiM, para bhUta aura bhaviSya kA svarUpa ananta samaya vAlA hote hue bhI vartanA rUpa kA paryAya hone ke kAraNa mukhya kAla nahIM hai| kAla ke sandarbha meM eka mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki aksara loga kahate haiM-hamArA samaya kharAba hai, hamArA bhalA hI nahIM ho rahA, hamArA burA samaya A gayA aura hama khinna hote haiN| isase aisA lagatA hai, jaise hama kucha nahIM haiM, hamAre sAtha jo kucha bhI ghaTa rahA hai, vaha saba kucha kAla ke upAdAnAtmaka svarUpa ke kAraNa ghaTa rahA hai| jaina vicAraka isa mAnyatA kA purajora khaNDana karate haiN| ve kahate haiM- kAla hamArA upAdAna bhI nahIM, hamArA nimitta bhI nahIM, vaha to sahakArI kAraNa bhara hai| jisa prakAra kIlI kumbhakAra ke cAka ke ghUmane meM sahakArI kAraNa banatI hai, ThIka vahI sthiti jainoM ke anusAra kAla kI hai| kAla hamArA bhalA-burA nahIM karatA, bhalA-burA hamAre karmoM se hotA hai|| ___ yahIM eka khAsa bAta aura hai ki vyAkaraNa ke pANini Adi AcArya kIlI ko adhikaraNa kAraka ke rUpa meM dekhate haiM aura cU~ki kIlI meM unheM adhikaraNatA dekhanI hai| isalie ve use AdhAra bhI mAna lete haiM, jabaki jaina vaiyAkaraNa pUjyapAda aura kAtantrakAra Adi kIlI meM adhikaraNatA nahIM dekhate, ve use kevala AdhAra ke rUpa meM dekhate haiN| isase khAsa bAta ye nikalakara AtI hai ki jainoM kA kAla sahakArI kAraNa banate hue AdhAra ke rUpa meM prastuta hotA hai -kAla sahita sabhI dravyoM ke pariNamana meN| aura jaba AdhAra hai, to adhikaraNa bhI ho sakatA hai, para sAkSAt kartA nhiiN| cU~ki sabhI kAraka paramparA se kartA ke rUpa meM dekhe jAte haiN| isalie kAla bhI kartA ke rUpa meM dikhatA hai, para hai nhiiN| hai to vaha sarakArI kAraNa hii| vaha upAdAna bhI nahIM, upAdeya bhI nahIM aura svarUpa vicAra kI dRSTi se heya bhI nhiiN| kAla-cakra anAdi-anidhana sva-nirmita vizva vyavasthA meM pratyeka vastu apane-apane svAbhAvika svarUpa meM hai aura svayaM kI pariNamana kI zakti ke anusAra pariNamita bhI hotA rahatA hai| jIva-pudgalAdi padArtha jisa prakAra apane cetana va jar3a lakSaNoM meM vidyamAna rahate haiM va apane-apane lakSaNoM kI yogyatA ke anusAra pariNamate haiM, usI prakAra kAla dravya kA bhI anAdi-ananta pravAha-krama svayameva calatA rahatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, kAla kA pravAha ananta aura ajasra hai| vaha anAdikAla se parivartita hotA rahA hai aura anantakAla taka parivartita hotA rhegaa| kabhI vaha unnata dikhAI detA hai, to kabhI 24 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #31
avnt| yaha utthAna aura patana kA krama bhI anavarata hai| utthAna ke bAda patana aura patana ke pazcAt punaH utthAna hotA hI hai aura isa taraha kAla kI yAtrA Age bar3hatI rahatI hai| kAla-cakra kI yaha gatizIlatA sadA abAdhita rahatI hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM ghar3I ke kA~ToM kI gati se kAlacakra kI gatizIlatA ko sugamatA se samajhA jA sakatA hai| ghar3I kI suiyA~ jaba bAraha aMka se Age yAtrA karatI haiM, taba patanonmukha ho jAtI haiN| adhogati ke sAtha jaba taka chaha ke aMka para nahIM pahu~ca jAtI, taba taka unakI yAtrA nIce kI ora banI rahatI hai| chaha ke aMka para pahu~cate hI ve phira UrdhvagAmI ho jAtI aura vikAsa kI parAkASThA bAraha ke aMka para pahu~ca jAtI hai| tadanantara punaH patana yA adhogati ho jAtI hai| kAla-cakra kI utthAna se patana aura patana se utthAna kI gatimayatA isI prakAra banI rahatI hai| mAnava jAti kA saMskAragata vikAsa aura hrAsa kA krama bhI ghar3I ke ina kA~ToM kI bhA~ti calatA rahatA hai| utthAna se patana kI ora jAne vAle kAla ko 'avasarpiNI' kAla kahate haiM, yaha hrAsonmukha kAla hai| isa kAla meM manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM kI buddhi, Ayu, zarIra kI U~cAI aura anubhava Adi meM kramazaH avasarpaNa arthAt hrAsa hotA hai| isake viparIta, patana se utthAna kI ora jAne vAlA kAla 'utsarpiNI' kAla kahalAtA hai| yaha vikAsonmukha kAla hai| isa kAla meM manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM kI buddhi, Ayu, zarIra kI U~cAI, aura anubhava Adi meM kramaza: utsarpaNa arthAt vikAsa hotA avasarpiNI kAla ke Arambha se lekara utsarpiNI kI samApti taka kAla kA eka cakra sampanna ho jAtA hai| yahI kAlacakra hai| utthAna se patana kA tathA patana se utthAna kA yaha krama satata banA rahatA hai| yahI samaya kI parivartanazIlatA hai| yaha parivartana tatkAla hamAre anubhava meM nahIM aataa| jaba parivartita paristhiti kAphI Age bar3ha jAtI hai, vikasita ho jAtI hai, tabhI hameM AbhAsa hotA hai ki parivartana ho gayA hai ___isa prakAra kAlacakra utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ina do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| donoM ke chaha-chaha upavibhAga haiN| yahA~ ghar3I kA udAharaNa aura bhI adhika upayukta hai| ghar3I meM bAraha se chaha aMka taka kA vibhAga chaha upabhAgoM meM vibhakta avasarpiNI kAla kA pratIka hai aura chaha se bAraha taka kA bhAga chaha upabhAgoM meM vibhakta utsarpiNI kAla kA dyotaka hai| hrAsonmukha avasarpiNI-kAla ke chaha vibhAga nimnAnusAra hai 1. suSamA-suSamA-isa kAla meM tIvratama puNya ke udaya ke anusAra anukUlatAoM kI utkRSTatA milatI hai| yaha kAla bhoga-pradhAna hai| manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM ko apane jIvana nirvAha ke lie kucha bhI nahIM karanA par3atA hai| sArI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti prAkRtika kalpavRkSoM se hotI hai| isa kAla meM manuSyoM kI AvazyakatAe~ sImita hotI haiM aura AkAMkSAe~ mryaadit| isa kAla meM nara-nArI yugala rUpa meM janma lete haiM tathA kAla kI avadhAraNA aura kAla-cakra :: 25 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #32
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir apane jIvana ke anta kAla meM putra-putrI rUpa yugala santAna ko janma dekara divaMgata ho jAte haiN| yahA~ janma lene vAle jIvoM kI Ayu tIna palya, zarIra kI U~cAI 6000 dhanuSa aura deha svarNa - varNa kI hotI hai / yahA~ ke jIva atyanta alpAhArI hote haiM, tIna dina ke antarAla para bera ke barAbara alpAhAra se hI inakI kSudhA tRpti ho jAtI hai / yaha kAla cAra kor3A - kor3I sAgara kA hotA hai / 2. suSamA - suSamA - suSamA kAla kI taraha yaha kAla bhI bhoga-pradhAna hai| isa kAla kI sArI vyavasthAe~ suSamA- suSamA kAla kI taraha hI hotI haiM, kintu suSamA- suSamA kAla ke Adi se uttarottara kSINa hote hue isa kAla ke prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu do palya kI rahatI hai, zarIra kI U~cAI cAra hajAra dhanuSa kI tathA ye do dina ke antarAla para baheDA ke barAbara alpa- AhAra grahaNa karate haiM / isa kAla meM bhogopabhoga kI sAmagrI uttarottara kSINa hotI jAtI hai| yaha kAla tIna kor3A kor3I sAgara kA kahA gayA hai| 3. suSamA - duHSamA - yaha kAla bhI bhoga-yuga kahalAtA hai| isa kAla kI vyavasthA bhI pUrva ke do kAloM kI taraha hotI hai, kintu yahA~ suvidhA evaM bhoga kI sAmagrI pUrva kI apekSA uttarottara kSINa hone lagatI hai| isa kAla ke prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu eka palya kI hotI hai, inake zarIra kI U~cAI bhI ghaTakara do hajAra dhanuSa kI raha jAtI hai tathA ye eka dina ke antarAla se A~valA ke barAbara alpa AhAra grahaNa karate haiM / yaha kAla dhIre-dhIre kSINa hote hue karmayuga meM parivartita hotA jAtA hai / anta meM, isa kAla meM kalpavRkSoM kI kamI hone se suvidhAjanaka sAmagrI kI bhI kamI hone lagatI hai| prAkRtika parivartana hote hue usa samaya kramazaH caudaha kulakara janma lete haiN| kulakara prAkRtika parivartana se cakita aura cintita mAnava samUha ko mArgadarzana dete haiM / isa kAla ke anta meM manuSyoM kI Ayu eka pUrvakoTi mAtra raha jAtI hai tathA zarIra kI U~cAI 500/525 dhanuSa taka kI raha jAtI hai| kAla pUrNa hone para karmabhUmi kA prArambha ho jAtA hai / yaha kAla do kor3A kor3I sAgara kA hotA hai / 4. duHSamA- suSamA - isa kAla se karmabhUmi / karmayuga kA prArambha ho jAtA hai| prAkRtika kalpavRkSa Adi sampadAe~ prAyaH lupta ho jAtI haiN| manuSyoM ko apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti / jIvana nirvAha ke lie kRSi Adi karma karane par3ate haiN| nara-nArI aba yugala rUpa meM janma nahIM lete| cU~ki kalpavRkSoM se aba AvazyakatA kI pUrti honA banda ho gayA, isalie manuSyoM ko prayAsa karanA par3atA hai| isI kAla se vivAha Adi saMskAra prArambha ho jAte haiM aura samAja vyavasthA banatI hai| yadyapi isa kAla meM karma karane se kucha kaSTa avazya hotA hai, phira bhI alpa parizrama se hI adhika phala kI prApti hone lagatI hai| isa kAla meM prAkRtika ApadAe~ nahIM aatiiN| isI kAla meM 63 zalAkAmahApuruSoM kA janma hotA hai, kramazaH caubIsa tIrthaMkara janma lekara dharmatIrtha kA pravartana karate haiM 1 26 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #33
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir manuSyoM meM dhArmika buddhi upajatI hai| dharma kI ArAdhanA kara jIva mokSa bhI prApta karane lagate haiN| nara se nArAyaNa banane kI sAkSAt prakriyA isI kAla meM pUrNa hotI hai / duHkha kI adhikatA va anukUlatA kI kamI hone se yaha kAla duHkhamA - suSamA kahalAtA hai| 42 hajAra varSa kama eka kor3A - kor3I sAgara kA yaha kAla hotA hai / prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu eka pUrva koTi evaM zarIra kI U~cAI 525 dhanuSa hotI hai, jo ghaTatI huI kAla ke anta meM kramazaH 120 varSa aura sAta hAtha kI raha jAtI hai / 5. duHSamA - yaha pA~cavA~ kAla hai / samprati yahI kAla pravartamAna hai / yaha kAla 21,000 varSa mAtra kA hotA hai / prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu 120 varSa tathA U~cAI sAta hAtha kI hotI hai| manuSya apanI AvazyakatAe~ bar3hAtA jAtA hai, lobha lAlaca bar3ha jAtA hai, upaja kama hone lagatI hai / prAkRtika ApadAe~ bhI hone lagatI haiN| manuSya bhogIvilAsI hone lagatA hai| dharma kI hAni hone lagatI hai| tIrthaMkara Adi mahApuruSoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| viziSTa Rddhi-sampanna munirAja bhI nahIM hote haiM, phira bhI kuchana-kucha dharma to banA hI rahatA hai| munirAja svarUpa - sthiratA rUpa saptama guNasthAna taka hI jA pAte haiM, usase Upara kI zreNI meM ArohaNa kA puruSArtha nahIM kara pAte haiN| isa kAla ke anta meM bhI munirAja - AryikA zrAvaka-zrAvikA kA saMgha vidyamAna hogaa| isa kAla ke antima pakhavAr3e (fort night) ke dina pUrvAhna meM dharma kA nAza hotA hai, madhyAhna meM rAjA kA nAza hotA hai aura sUryAsta samaya meM agni bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai / antima samaya meM munirAja vIrAMgaja, AryikA sarvazrI, zrAvaka agnidatta aura zrAvikA paMguzrI ( caturvidha saMgha ) rheNge| rAjA ke dvArA AhAra para zulka mAMge jAne para ve munirAja duSamAkAla ke anta kA sandezA dete haiM aura anta meM ve cAroM saMnyAsa-maraNa pUrvaka kArtika kRSNa amAvazyA ko yaha deha chor3akara saudharma svarga meM deva hote haiM aura antima 21vA~ kalkI rAjA marakara dharmA naraka meM pahu~catA hai| 6. duHSamA duHSamA - yaha kAla bhI 21,000 varSa kA hotA hai / isa kAla ke prArambha meM manuSyoM kI Ayu aura U~cAI kramazaH 20 varSa va do hAtha kI rahatI hai aura anta meM ghaTakara 15 varSa aura eka hAtha kI raha jAtI hai / jAti-pA~ti, dharma-karma, saba-kucha kA abhAva hotA jAtA hai / manuSya kI pravRtti amAnuSika ho jAtI hai, manuSya pazuoM kI taraha nagna vicaraNa karane laga jAte haiN| mAnavIya sambandha sampUrNataH samApta ho jAte haiN| manuSya kacce mAMsa, machalI aura kandamUla Adi kA AhAra karane lagate haiN| manuSya kA AcaraNa pAzavika ho jAtA hai| isake antima 49 dinoM meM sAta-sAta dinoM taka sAta prakAra kI kuvRSTiyA~ hotI haiM, jinase sArI pRthvI naSTa-bhraSTa ho jAtI hai / pralaya maca jAtA hai| isameM sarveprathama sAta dinoM taka atyanta tIkSNa saMvartaka vAyu calatI hai, jo vRkSa va parvata- zilA Adi ko cUrNa kara detI hai| isase sAta dina taka bhayaMkara zIta par3atI hai| manuSya aura tiryaMca vyAkula hokara vilApa karane lagate haiN| usa samaya deva aura vidyAdhara dayArdra hokara 72 yugaloM ke sAtha kucha anya manuSyoM aura tiryaMcoM ko kAla kI avadhAraNA aura kAla-cakra :: 27 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #34
vijayArddha parvata kI guphAoM meM le jAkara surakSita rakhate haiN| isake pazcAt sAta-sAta dinoM taka kramaza: 1. atyanta zItala kSAra jala, 2. viSa, 3. dhUmra, 4. dhUla, 5. vajra, 6. jalatI huI duSprekSya agnijvAlA kI vRSTi hotI hai| isa vRSTi ke nimitta se avaziSTa manuSya bhI naSTa ho jAte haiM tathA viSa aura agni kI vRSTi se dagdha pRthvI eka yojana nIce taka kAla ke vaza se cUrNa ho jAtI hai| vajra aura agni kI varSA ke kAraNa bharata aura airAvata kSetra ke Arya khaNDoM meM kSudra parvata, upasamudra, vanakhaNDa, choTI-choTI nadiyA~, ye-saba bhasma hokara sampUrNa pRthvI samatala ho jAtI hai aura sAta dina taka dhUla aura dhuA~ se AkAza vyApta rahatA hai| yahIM para avasarpiNI kAla kA anta ho jAtA hai| isake pazcAt utsarpiNI kAla prArambha hotA hai, jisameM viloma-krama (ulTe krama se) uttarottara vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| isa utsarpiNI kAla ke chaThe bhAga arthAt uttama bhogabhUmirUpa suSamA-suSamA kAla ke pUre ho jAne para kAlacakra kA antima bhAga pUrA ho jAtA hai| isa taraha eka kAlacakra samApta hokara AgAmI kAlacakra Arambha ho jAtA hai| aise ananta kAla cakra aba taka ho cuke haiM aura bhaviSya meM bhI ananta hote rheNge| kAlacakra ke donoM avasarpiNI va utsarpiNI vibhAga daza daza kor3A kor3I sAgara ke hote haiM aura sampUrNa kAlacakra 20 kor3A-kor3I sAgara kA hotA hai| 28 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #35
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi For Private And Personal Use Only DaoN. zazikAnta itihAsa 'itihAsa' kA sAmAnya artha hai ' iti iha AsIt ' - arthAt 'yahA~ aisA huaa'| jo kucha isa loka meM ghaTita hotA hai, usakA eka kAla - kramAnusAra vivaraNa sAmAnya rUpa se 'itihAsa' kA bodha karAtA hai, parantu itihAsa lekhana meM dRSTi ghaTanA krama ke ullekha mAtra para hI nahIM hotI hai / usakA mantavya do prakAra se dekhA jA sakatA hai, eka to yaha ki pahale jo kucha huA hai, una ghaTanAoM se hama yaha mArgadarzana prApta kareM ki apriya ghaTanAoM kI punarAvRtti na ho, aura dUsare yaha ki pahale jo kucha uttama aura sukhada huA hai, usase Age bhI pragati karane kI preraNA leM / isa prakAra ke itihAsa - lekhana kI pravRtti bhI dekhI gayI hai ki lekhaka apane AmnAya, paMtha yA jAti ko mahimA maMDita karane kI dRSTi ke sAtha hI dUsare kI avamAnanA karane kA bhI prayatna karatA hai| jisa samaya se videziyoM kA AkrAmaka svarUpa pratyakSa huA aura unhoMne isa deza para apanA Adhipatya jamAne meM saphalatA prApta kI, usake pUrvavartI kAla meM bhArata meM hI vibhinna sAMskRtika dhArAe~ pratispardhArata thIM / vaidika brAhmaNIya dArzanika paramparAoM aura zramaNIya jaina evaM bauddha paramparAoM meM apanA zreSThatva pratipAdita karane kI hor3a bhI thii| 12vIM zatAbdI se muslima itihAsakAroM ne bhArata kI jana-saMskRti kI avamAnanA kA sabala prayatna kiyaa| 18vIM zatAbdI se a~greja itihAsakAroM ne eka suniyojita DhaMga se bhAratIya itihAsa aura saMskRti kI avamAnanA kA saphala prayAsa kiyA / vigata zatAdhika varSoM meM bhArata ke bhI itihAsa - manISiyoM ne videzI prabhAva meM usI dRSTi se itihAsa kA prastutIkaraNa kiyA, parantu kucha vidvAnoM ne jahA~ apane dhArmika kadAgraha ke adhIna mAtra apane anuzrutigamya kathAnakoM ko mAnyatA dI, vahIM kucha vidvAnoM ne eka samagra aura vyApaka dRSTi kA paricaya bhI diyA tathA itihAsa ke pUrva upekSita srotoM kA bhI samucita upayoga kiyaa| ina vidvAnoM meM bAbU kAmatA prasAda jaina va itihAsa - manISI DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina kA ullekha kiyA jAnA prAsaMgika hogaa| arabI-phArasI meM itihAsa ko tavArIkha kahA jAtA hai / 'tavArIkha', 'tArIkha' kA itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 29

Page #36
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bahuvacana hai| isakA sAmAnya artha hai ki kAlakramAnusAra ghaTanAoM kA vivaraNa diyA jAye / a~grejI meM History zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / isakA bhI sAmAnya artha Continuous methodical record of public events hai; parantu isameM kisI rASTra athavA jana-samudAya ke sAMskRtika, Arthika evaM rAjanItika vikAsa kA adhyayana bhI abhipreta hai; kisI vyakti, jana-samudAya, jAti, rASTra aura dharma va sampradAya yA vicAradhArA se sambandhita ghaTanAoM kA kramika vivaraNa tathA vastuniSTha aura tulanAtmaka adhyayana bhI isase abhipreta hai; aura vartamAna meM 'itihAsa', 'tavArIkha' aura History se isI kA bodha sAmAnyataH hotA hai / purANa bhArata meM prAcIna kAla meM itihAsa-lekhana kA isa rUpa meM pracalana nahIM rahA, varan purANa ke rUpa meM ghaTanAoM kA kathana kiyA jAtA rhaa| purANa-lekhana kA uddezya ArAdhya mahApuruSoM kI bhakti se prerita hokara isa prakAra citraNa karanA thA ki unake prati zraddhAbhakti meM vRddhi ho; jisake pariNAmasvarUpa purANa, carita aura mahAkAvya ke rUpa meM kathAnakoM ko nibaddha kiyA gyaa| ise anuzrutigamya itihAsa ke rUpa meM mAnyatA dI gyii| isameM sarvavyApaka dRSTi ke lie avakAza nahIM thA, varan apane ArAdhya ko mahimA - maNDita karane kI bhAvanA mUlabhUta thii| jaina paramparA meM purANa aura itihAsa ke antara ko AcArya jinasena ne mahApurANa meM iMgita karate hue batAyA hai ki purANa vaha hai, jisameM mahApuruSoM kA varNana kiyA jAye; aura itihAsa vaha hai, jisameM aisI aneka kathAoM kA jinameM 'yahA~ aisA huA' racanAkAra ghaTanAoM kA nirUpaNa ho / 'itihAsa', 'itivRtta' aura 'aitihya' samAnArthaka haiN| purANa ko brAhmaNIya sAhitya meM paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai sargazca pratisargazca vaMzo manvantarANi ca vaMzAnucaritaM caiva purANaM paJcalakSaNam / / arthAt purANa meM sarga (sRSTi), pratisarga (vinAza), vaMza, manvantara (manuoM ke bIca kA yuga), tathA vaMzoM ke carita (vaMzAnugata itihAsa) kA samAveza hotA hai| jaina purANoM para bhI yaha paribhASA susaMgata hai| mahApurANa ke racayitA jinasena ne AdipurANa ke prathama sarga ke zloka 20-23 meM ullekha kiyA hai ki purANa meM purAtana ghaTanAoM kA kathana hotA hai (purAtanaM purANaM syAt tanmahanmahRdAzrayAt) / parantu mahApurANa se tAtparya hai ki isameM mahApuruSoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, athavA yaha bhI ki mahAn vyaktiyoM dvArA yaha kathana kiyA gayA hai, athavA yaha bhI ki yaha mahAna zreya kI prApti kA mArga dikhAtA 30 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #37
hai| yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki purANa kA kathana purAtana kaviyoM dvArA kiyA gayA thA aura isameM antarnihita mahAnatA ke kAraNa ise 'mahA' vizeSaNa se saMyukta karake 'mahApurANa' kahA jAtA hai| prabhAcandra ne apane TippaNa meM yaha bhI iMgita kiyA hai ki itihAsa kisI eka vyakti ke kathAnaka kA varNana karatA hai, jabaki purANa meM triSaSThi (63) zalAkApuruSoM kI kathA kA varNana hotA hai| ina 63 zalAkA-puruSoM meM isa kAla ke 24 tIrthaMkara, 12 cakravartI, 9 balabhadra, 9 vAsudeva (nArAyaNa) aura 9 prativAsudeva (pratinArAyaNa) parigaNita hote haiN| tIna tIrthaMkara zAnti, kunthu aura ara cakravartI bhI haiM, ataH yaha saMkhyA 60 raha jAtI hai| jaina-dRSTi ___ jaina-anuzrutigamya mAnyatA kA vivecana itihAsa-manISI DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina ne karate hue batAyA hai ki jainadharma evaM saMskRti kI yaha asandigdha maulika mAnyatA hai ki carAcara jagat yA vizva anAdi aura ananta hai| jo vibhinna evaM vividha dravya vizva ke upAdAna haiM, jinase ki vaha nirmita hai, ve saba bhI anAdi aura ananta haiN| asat se sat kI utpatti nahIM hotI, aura sat kA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotaa| ataeva, isa vizva kI na kabhI kisI ne sRSTi kI, aura na kabhI kisI ke dvArA usakA anta hI hogaa|... kintu sAtha hI, isa zAzvata jagat meM usake upAdAna dravyoM meM nirantara parivartana, pariNamana, paryAya se paryAyAntara hote rahate haiM, aura unakA nimitta hai kaalckr| kAla kA pravAha bhI anAdi-ananta hai| kAla kA sabase choTA avibhAjya aMza 'samaya' kahalAtA hai aura sabase bar3I vyavahArya ikAI 'klpkaal'| eka kalpakAla kA parimANa bIsa koTAkoTi 'sAgara' hotA hai, jo sthUlataH saMkhyAtIta varSoM kA hotA hai| pratyeka kalpakAla ke do vibhAga hote haiM-(eka) avasarpiNI aura (dUsarA) utsarpiNI, jo eka ke anantara eka Ate rahate haiN| avasarpiNI uttarottara hrAsa evaM avanati kA yuga hotA hai, aura utsarpiNI uttarottara vikAsa evaM unnati kaa| ina donoM meM se pratyeka cha: bhAgoM meM vibhakta hotA hai aura avasarpiNI ke prArambha se ukta cha: yugoM yA kAloM kI gaNanA prArambha hotI hai| prathama kAla sukhamA-sukhamA, dvitIya kAla sukhamA, tRtIya kAla sukhamA-duHkhamA, caturtha kAla duHkhamA-sukhamA, paMcama kAla duHkhamA, aura SaSTha kAla duHkhamAduHkhamA haiN| isa samaya kalpakAla kA avasarpiNI vibhAga cala rahA hai| vartamAna avasarpiNI kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki isameM katipaya apavAda yA sanAtana niyama ke viruddha kuchaeka anokhI bAteM bhI ho jAyA karatI haiN| ataeva sAmAnya avasarpiNI se bheda karane ke lie ise huMDAvasarpiNI kahate haiN| isake prathama cAra bhAga vyatIta ho cuke haiM aura pA~cavA~ bhAga yA ArA (arika) cala rahA hai, jisake lagabhaga ar3hAI sahasra varSa vyatIta itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 31 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #38
ho cuke haiM aura sAr3he aThAraha sahasra varSa zeSa haiN| jainoM ke paramparAgata vizvAsa ke anusAra vartamAna kalpakAla ke prathama tIna yugoM meM bhogabhUmi kI sthiti thii| manuSya-jIvana kI.vaha prakRtipara Azrita Adima dazA thii| Aja kI saMskRti aura sabhyatA kI avadhAraNA ke anusAra na koI saMskRti thI, na sabhyatA, na koI vyavasthA thI aura na niym| jIvana atyanta sarala, ekAkI, svatantra evaM prAkRtika thaa| jo thor3I-bahuta bhautika AvazyakatAe~ thIM, unakI pUrti kalpavRkSoM se svataH ho jAyA karatI thii| manuSya zAnta evaM nirdoSa thaa| koI saMgharSa yA dvandva nahIM thaa| Adhunika bhUtatva evaM nRtatva vijJAna sammata Adima yugIna prathama, dvitIya evaM tRtIya yugoM kI vastusthiti ke sAtha isa jaina mAnyatA kA adbhuta sAdRzya hai| jaina mAnyatA ke ukta tInoM yugoM meM pahalA yuga asaMkhya varSoM kA thA, dUsarA usase lagabhaga AdhA thA aura tIsarA dUsare se bhI AdhA thA, tathApi yaha tIsarA yuga bhI anaginata varSoM kA thaa| isa anumAnAtIta sudIrgha kAla meM mAnavatA prAyaH suSupta par3I rahI, ataeva usakA koI itihAsa bhI nahIM hai| vaha eka prakAra se anAma yuga rhaa| tIsare kAla ke antima bhAga meM cira-nidrita manuSya ne aMgar3AI lenI zurU kii| bhogabhUmi kA avasAna hone lgaa| kAlacakra ke prabhAva se hone vAle parivartanoM ko dekhakara loga zaMkita aura bhayabhIta hone lge| unake mana meM nAnA prazna uThane lge| jijJAsA karavaTa lene lgii| ataeva unhoMne svayaM ko kuloM (janoM, samUhoM yA kabIloM) meM gaThita karanA prArambha kiyaa| isa kArya meM bala, buddhi Adi meM viziSTa jina vyaktiyoM ne unakA netRtva, mArgadarzana aura samAdhAna kiyA ve 'kulakara' khlaaye| AvazyakatAnusAra vyavasthA bhI ve dete the aura anuzAsana bhI rakhate the, ata: ve 'manu' bhI khlaae| unakI santati hone ke kAraNa isa deza ke nivAsI 'mAnava' khlaaye| ukta tIsare yuga ke anta ke lagabhaga aise caudaha kulakara yA manu hue, jinameM se sarvaprathama kA nAma pratizruti thA aura antima kA naabhiraay| ina kulakaroM ne apane-apane samaya kI parivartita paristhitiyoM meM apane kuloM kA saMrakSaNa, samAdhAna aura mArgadarzana kiyaa| sAmAjika jIvana prArambha ho rahA thA, aba karmayuga sammukha thaa| kulakara yuga ___ jaina paramparA meM 14 kulakaroM kI eka sAmAnya mAnyatA hai aura RSabha ko 15vA~ kulakara tathA unake putra bharata ko 16vA~ kulakara bhI isa apekSA se mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki RSabha prathama tIrthaMkara the, jinhoMne laukika abhyudaya kA upAya batAne ke sAtha hI AdhyAtmika unnati kA mArga bhI prazasta kiyA, tathA unake jyeSTha putra bharata prathama cakravartI the, jinhoMne mAnava samAja meM zAsana-vyavasthA ko eka svarUpa pradAna kara kulakara maryAdA kA nirvAha kiyaa| 32 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #39
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir caudaha kulakaroM ne kramazaH sabhyatA kI ora mAnava ko prAkRtika sadayatA ke kSINa hone ke krama meM agrasara kiyaa| (1) pratizruti ne sUrya aura candra ke pahalI bAra dekhe jAne para bhayabhIta manujoM kA bhaya dUra kiyaa| (2) sanmati ne tArA-samUha ke pahalI bAra darzana hone para usake prati manuSya ke bhaya kA nivAraNa kiyaa| (3) kSemaMkara ne pazuoM ko pAlatU banAkara upayoga meM lAne ke upAya btaaye| (4) kSemaMdhara ne hiMsra ho gaye vanya pazuoM se kASTha evaM pASANa ke AyudhoM kI sahAyatA se trANa pAne kA upAya btaayaa| (5) sImaMkara ne hrAsa hote jA rahe kalpavRkSoM kI kamI se udbhUta vivAda kA nirAkaraNa mAnava-samUha ke lie kalpavRkSoM kI sImA niyata karake kiyA aura isa prakAra sarvaprathama sampatti kI avadhAraNA mAnava samAja meM huii| ina pA~ca kulakaroM ke samaya meM zanaiH-zanaiH aparAdha-bhAvanA meM vRddhi huI aura sampatti kI avadhAraNA ne aparAdha-vRtti ko sampuSTa kiyA, tathApi abhI mAnava aparAdha-bodha meM sahaja thA aura "hA arthAt 'kheda hai ki tumane aisA aparAdha kiyA," kaha dene mAtra se aparAdha kA zodhana ho jAtA thA tathA aparAdhI punaH aparAdha meM pravRtta nahIM hotA thaa| abhI mAnava sahaja prakRta avasthA (Savage Stage) meM thaa| (6) sImandhara ne yaha dekhakara ki bhojana-pradAyI kalpavRkSoM kA abhAva bar3hatA jA rahA hai, jisake kAraNa manuSyoM meM Apasa meM kalaha bar3hatI jA rahI hai, vyaktiza: kalpavRkSoM ke upayoga kI sImA niyata kI aura isa prakAra vyaktigata sampatti kI avadhAraNA kA sUtrapAta kiyaa| (7) vimalavAhana ne pAlatU pazuoM ko vaza meM kara aura bandhana meM rakha vAhana ke rUpa meM upayoga meM lAne kA upAya btaayaa| (8) cakSuSmAn ke samaya meM mAtA-pitA yugaliyA santAna putra aura putrI ko janma dene ke bAda jIvita rahe aura unameM apanI santAna ke prati vAtsalya-bhAva kA udaya huaa| (9) yazasvAn ke samaya meM mAnava apanI santAna meM mamatva kA anubhava karane lagA-sambhavata: isI samaya meM mAtA ko prasava-pIr3A kI anubhUti aura santAna ko stanapAna karAne kI icchA jAgRta huii| aba samUha se jAti kI ora manuSya agrasara huaa| (10) abhicandra ke samaya meM mAtA-pitA apanI santAna ke sAtha krIDA bhI karane lage aura unheM santAnasukha kA bodha hone lgaa| ukta 5 kulakaroM ke samaya meM vyaktigata sampatti aura santAna ke prati moha ne aparAdha-vRtti ko protsAhita kiyA, parantu abhI bhI sAmAjika aparAdha kI vRtti jAgRta nahIM ho pAyI thii| aparAdha-bodha kI sahajatA kama hotI gayI aura aba aparAdha nivAraNa ke lie aparAdhI ko 'hA' ke sAtha 'mA' kA Adeza bhI karanA par3ane lagA-"kheda hai ki tumane aisA aparAdha kiyA, aba Age mata krnaa"| aba mAnava sahaja-prakRta-avasthA se asaMskRta avasthA (Barbaric stage) meM agrasara ho gayA thaa| (11) candrAbha ke samaya meM mAtA-pitA santAna kA lAlana-pAlana karane lage aura kauTumbika vyavasthA kA prAdurbhAva huaa|,(12) marudeva ke samaya meM kalpavRkSoM arthAt itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 33 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #40
prAkRtika sampadA kA niyamana Avazyaka ho gyaa| manuSya ko bhojana ke lie dUsare sthAna para jAne kI aura usake lie parvatArohaNa tathA nadI pAra karane ke lie nAvika vidyA kI bhI AvazyakatA huii| bhojana kI khoja meM calavAsitA kA daura (Nomadic Stage) prArambha huaa| (13) prasenajit ne bhrUNa-vijJAna kI zikSA dI aura baccoM ke janma para jarAya rUpI mala ko haTAne kA upadeza diyaa| (14) nAbhirAja ne janmoparAnta baccoM kI nAbhi para lage nAla ko kATane kA upAya btaayaa| aba mAnava-santAna usa rUpa meM AyI, jisako hama Aja jAnate haiM yA jise Aja hama dekha rahe haiN| zArIrika zucitA aura santAna ke mAtA se svatantra astitva kA bodha huaa| mAnava kabIloM meM paribhramaNazIla rhaa| jIne ke lie saMgharSa bar3hatA gayA, jisakA pariNAma svabhAvataH janasaMkhyA meM nara-nArI anupAta meM asaMgati utpanna honA thaa| prajanana kSamatA abhI bhI yugala taka hI sImita thI, parantu jIvana-saMgharSa ke lie saMkhyA-bala kI AvazyakatA anubhava hone lgii| aparAdha-vRtti kA prasAra huA aura aba aparAdhI ko kabIle ke niyantraNa meM rakhane ke lie 'hA, mA, dhik' arthAt "kheda hai ki tumane aisA aparAdha kiyA,aba mata karanA, aura tumheM dhikkAra hai, jo rokane para bhI aparAdha karate ho", kI vyavasthA samupasthita huii| aba mAnava sahaja-prakRta-avasthA ko bahuta pIche chor3a cukA thA tathA asaMskRta avasthA se sabhya yA svayaM prayAsa se saMskArita jIne kI avasthA (Civilised Stage) arthAt karmabhUmi kI ora kramaza: bar3ha rahA thaa| prajA ko jIne kA upAya batAne kI apekSA se manu, mAnavoM ko kula kI bhA~ti ikaTThA rahane kA upadeza dene kI apekSA se kulakara, aneka vaMza sthApita karane kI apekSA se kuladhara aura sabhyatA ke yuga ke Adi meM niyAmaka hone kI apekSA se yugAdipuruSa kI saMjJA se ye-sabhI kulakara jAne gye| RSabha ko prajApati bhI kahA gayA, kyoMki vaha prajA ko jIne kI rAha dikhAkara aura usameM prakRti se saMgharSa kI sAmarthya juTAkara prajA kA pAlana karane meM samartha the| zalAkA-puruSa-yuga zalAkA puruSa se Azaya hai ki mAnava-sabhyatA ke vikAsa meM unhoMne viziSTa yogadAna kiyaa| zalAkA kA sAmAnya artha kuMjI hai, arthAt ye zalAkA-puruSa mAnavIya sabhyatA ke vikAsa meM kuMjI-sadRza (Key person) the| 24 tIrthaMkara, 12 cakravartI, 9 baladeva, 9 vAsudeva aura 9 prativAsudeva ke rUpa meM 63 zalAkApuruSoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| tIrthaMkara zAstA haiN| cakravartI sArvabhauma sattA kA pratIka haiN| baladeva yA balarAma satpravRtti ke pratIka haiN| vAsudeva yA nArAyaNa sad-asad pravRtti ke pratIka haiM aura asad ke Upara sad kI vijaya sUcita karate haiN| prativAsudeva yA pratinArAyaNa asat pravRtti 34 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #41
ke pratIka haiM aura antata: vAsudeva yA nArAyaNa se parAbhUta hote haiM, jo asat ke Upara sat kI vijaya ke sAmane sunate haiN| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva nAbhirAja ke samaya meM hI bhogabhUmi kA avaziSTa prabhAva bhI samApta-prAyaH ho gayA aura unhoMne svecchA se apane putra RSabha ko zAsana-vyavasthA supurda kara dI, tAki vaha mAnava-samudAya ko karmabhUmi meM pravRtta hone kA mArga batA skeN| karmabhUmi, manuSya kA prakRti se saMgharSa karane, use apane anukUla banAne aura usa para vijaya prApta kara apane zrama se usase Avazyaka bhojana, sampadA tathA sampadA-janya sukha-suvidhA buddhi evaM viveka ke Azraya se sampAdita karane kA, vistIrNa-udyoga thaa| asi, masi, kRSi, vidyA, vANijya aura zilpa rUpI SaTkarmoM meM manuSyoM ko pravRtta karake RSabha ne karmabhUmi yA mAnava-sabhyatA ke vikAsa kA prArambha kiyaa| asi ke mAdhyama se sva-rakSA ke lie sannaddha honA, masi ke mAdhyama se bauddhika vikAsa karanA, kRSi ke mAdhyama se bhUmi se svayaM dhAnya upajAnA, vidyA ke mAdhyama se lalita kalAoM kA sampAdana karanA, vANijya ke mAdhyama se Arthika vyavasthA kA sUtrapAta karanA, aura zilpa ke mAdhyama se yAntrikavaijJAnika pravRtti kA prArambha kiyA jAnA, abhipreta thaa| janasaMkhyA meM nara-nArI anupAta ko niyamita karane aura yugaliyA vyavasthA samApta hone ke kAraNa strI kA bhI utpAdana ikAI ke rUpa meM upayoga kiye jAne kI dRSTi se samAja-vyavasthA kI AvazyakatA anubhUta huii| saMgharSarata vyavasthA meM bahuta se yugala svAbhAvika rUpa se vicchinna ho gaye aura mAtra nArI hI raha gayI, ataH vivAha kI saMsthA kA AvirbhAva huaa| brAhmI ko bhagavAna ne akSara-jJAna diyA aura sundarI ko aMka-jJAna, tathA isaprakAra lekhana-kalA tathA aMka-vidyA kA prArambha huA aura inake Azraya se jJAna-vijJAna kA vikAsa huaa| samAja meM sAmaMjasya sthApita karane aura Arthika vyavasthA ko niyojita karane ke uddezya se unhoMne mAnava-samudAya ko kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra karmiyoM meM parigaNita karane kA mArga bhI dikhlaayaa| manuSyoM meM bar3hatI huI aparAdha-vRtti ko niyantrita karane ke lie daNDa-vidhAna kA sUtrapAta bhI kiyA aura vyavasthA ke ucchedakoM ke lie bandhana evaM vadha ke daNDa kA prAvadhAna kiyaa| samAja-vyavasthA, artha-vyavasthA aura zAsana-vyavasthA ke sUtroM ko eka AdhAra dene ke bAda RSabha ne AdhyAtmika abhyudaya kA mArga bhI prazasta kiyaa| gRha-tyAgI tapasvI ke rUpa meM unhoMne manuSyoM ko sampatti moha se virata hone aura apane zuddha svarUpa ko pahacAna kara sampUrNa caitanya sthiti kI prApti kI dizA meM mArga-darzana karane ke lie itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 35 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #42
dharma-tIrtha kA pravartana kiyA tathA antata: svayaM siddhatva ko prApta hue aura isa prakAra ve jaina paramparA ke vartamAna huNDA-avasarpiNI kAlacakra ke prathama tIrthaMkara hue| ___ RSabha kA ullekha prAcInatama upalabdha sAhitya Rgveda meM hai| sabhI bhAratIya purANakAroM ne unakA smaraNa kiyA hai| brahmA, viSNu aura ziva ke trividha guNoM kA unameM samAveza batAyA gayA hai| manu, prajApati, avatAra aura tIrthaMkara ke rUpa meM sabhI bhAratIya paramparAoM ne unakA samAdara kiyA hai| bhArata-bAhya sAmI paramparA meM 'nabI''nAbheya' kA usI prakAra rUpAntara pratIta hotA hai, jisa prakAra 'buddha' kA 'buta' aura nabI ke rUpa meM nAbheya RSabha mAnava ko mArgadarzana pradAna karane vAle prathama zalAkA-puruSa (Key person) the| sAmI paramparA meM hajarata nUha kA sAmaMjasya yadi svayambhU manu se sahaja hai, to hajarata ibrAhIma ke prathama nabI ke rUpa meM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva se sAmya ko sAMketika mAnanA duSkara nahIM pratIta hotaa| prathama bharata cakravartI kA sAdRzya zaktizAlI namarUda se cInhA jA sakatA hai| ye saba isa bAta ko iMgita karate haiM ki mAnava kA Adi-kAlIna itihAsa vigata cAra-pA~ca hajAra varSoM ke anuzrutigamya aitihya se kahIM sudUra atIta meM mAnava ke smRtikoSa meM saMcita rahA aura manuSya apane pariveza kI AvazyakatAoM evaM paristhitiyoM ke anurUpa usake viziSTa pAtroM kA nAmakaraNa evaM svarUpa nirdhAraNa karatA rhaa| isa smRtikoSa meM RSabhadeva kA mAnava ko karmabhUmi meM pravRtta kara sabhyatA kI ora agrasara karane meM eka zalAkA-puruSa ke rUpa meM kArya thaa| ata: kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM sabhI paramparAoM meM unakA smaraNa kiyA jAtA rhaa| prathama cakravartI bharata jainetara bhAratIya paurANika gAthAoM meM svayambhU manu ko mAnava-sabhyatA kA Adi prastotA mAnA gayA hai| inake putra priyavrata aura pautra nAbhi the| nAbhi ne isa bhUkhaNDa ko 'ajanAbha' saMjJA pradAna kii| nAbhi kI patnI marudevI se vRSabha yA RSabha hue aura RSabha ke eka sau putroM meM bharata jyeSTha the, jinheM jyeSTha putra hone ke nAte pitA kA rAja-siMhAsana prApta huaa| bharata apane pitAmaha nAbhi se bhI adhika pratApI the aura aba unake nAma se yaha bhUkhaNDa 'bhAratavarSa' kahalAne lgaa| ___ 'bharata' kA artha hotA hai 'bharaNa aura rakSaNa karane vaalaa'| yaha sUcita karatA hai ki bharata ne eka vyavasthA kA niyamana kiyA, jisane tatkAlIna mAnava jAti ko eka vyavasthita saMgaThana pradAna kiyA, tAki prakRti ko mAnava apane anukUla banA sake aura anya prANi-samudAyoM se apanI rakSA kara ske| vyakti ke rUpa meM bharata kI aitihAsikatA sunizcita karanA sambhava nahIM hai, parantu sattA kI sarvoccatA aura laukika vaibhava ke prakarSa kI eka avadhAraNA ke rUpa meM ise eka aitihAsika tathya mAnA jA sakatA hai| __jaina evaM jainetara paurANika evaM anya kathA sAhitya meM bharata ke sambandha meM jo ullekha 36 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #43
milate haiM, unase aitihAsika pariprekSya meM nimnalikhita niSkarSa pratibhAsita hote haiM1. mAnava sabhyatA ke Adiyuga meM eka aisA puruSa huA, jisane mAnavIya saMgaThana ko vyavasthita kara sattA kA eka svarUpa pratiSThApita kiyaa| apanI jAti yA samudAya kA bharaNa aura rakSaNa karane kI apekSA se use 'bharata' saMjJA dI gyii| 3. sattA ke sarvocca prakarSa ke rUpa meM cakravartI kI sArvabhauma sattA kI kalpanA kI gyii| sattA avibhAjya rahe, isalie jyeSTha putra ke uttarAdhikAra ke siddhAnta kI prastAvanA kI gyii| sabhI prakAra kI nidhiyA~ cakravartI ke adhIna karake usakA Arthika-saMsAdhanoM para sampUrNa prabhutva svIkAra kiyA gyaa| strI ko sampatti, bhogyA aura aizvarya kA pratIka mAnA gayA aura isakI puSTi svarUpa 96,000 rAniyoM kI kalpanA kI gyii| 7. jisa samayAvadhi meM ina purANa-kathAoM kI racanA huI, usa samaya ke bhaugolika jJAna ke anusAra racanAkAroM ne chaha khaNDa pRthvI ko bhAratIya prAyadvIpa meM hI parisImita kara diyaa| Aja kA kathAkAra isa chaha khaNDa ko vartamAna meM abhijJAta chaha mahAdvIpoM se samIkRta karanA caahegaa| sattAdhArI ke lie apane adhikAra kA upabhoga anAsakta-bhAva se karanA abhISTa hai, tAki janatA meM vyavasthA kI niSpakSatA aura niyama-niSThA ke prati vizvAsa banA rhe| 9. sattA niSkaNTaka honI cAhie, ata: sattA ke prati dAvedAroM (contenders) ko parAbhUta kiyA jAnA apekSita hai aura isake lie ki ve rAste se haTa jAe~ tathA Age bhI saMkaTa na paidA kareM, sabhI upAya kSamya evaM anumanya haiN| uparyukta vivecana cakravartI bharata ke vyaktitva ko eka vaicArika aitihAsikatA pradAna karatA pratIta hotA hai| yaha vaicArika avadhAraNA kisI bhaugolika sImA se Abaddha nahIM thI, varan yaha vizvavyApI thI aura vibhinna bhU-bhAgoM meM vahA~ ke sthAnika pariveza ke sApekSa usakI vyApti huii| anya zalAkA-puruSa 2. tIrthaMkara ajitanAtha-inake tIrtha meM dvitIya cakravartI sagara hue| 3. tIrthaMkara sambhavanAtha 4. tIrthaMkara abhinandananAtha 5. tIrthaMkara sumatinAtha itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 37 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #44
6. tIrthaMkara padmaprabha 7. tIrthaMkara supArzvanAtha 8. tIrthaMkara candraprabha 9. tIrthaMkara puSpadanta 10. tIrthaMkara zItalanAtha 11. tIrthaMkara zreyAMsanAtha-inake tIrtha meM prathama baladeva (balabhadra) vijaya, vAsudeva (nArAyaNa) tripRSTha aura prati-vAsudeva (prati-nArAyaNa) azvagrIva hue| 12. tIrthaMkara vAsupUjya-inake tIrtha meM dvitIya baladeva acala, vAsudeva (nArAyaNa) dvipRSTha aura prati-vAsudeva (prati-nArAyaNa) tAraka hue| 13. tIrthaMkara vimalanAtha-inake tIrtha meM tRtIya baladeva sudharma, vAsudeva svayambhU aura prati-vAsudeva meraka hue| 14. tIrthaMkara anantanAtha-inake tIrtha meM caturtha baladeva suprabha, vAsudeva nArAyaNa puruSottama aura prati-vAsudeva madhusUdana yA madhukaiTabha hue| 15. tIrthaMkara dharmanAtha-inake tIrtha meM tRtIya evaM caturtha cakravartI maghavA aura sanatkumAra hue| inhIM ke tIrtha meM paMcama balabhadra sudarzana, vAsudeva puruSasiMha aura prati-vAsudeva madhukrIr3a hue| 16. tIrthaMkara zAntinAtha-yaha paMcama cakravartI bhI the| 17. tIrthaMkara kunthunAtha-yaha svayaM chaThe cakravartI the| 18. tIrthaMkara aranAtha-yaha svayaM sAtaveM cakravartI the aura inake tIrtha meM AThaveM cakravartI subhauma bhI hue| chaThe baladeva nandISeNa, vAsudeva puNDarIka aura prati-vAsudeva nizumbha bhI hue| 19. tIrthaMkara mallinAtha-inake tIrtha meM nauveM cakravartI padma tathA sAtaveM baladeva nandimitra, vAsudeva datta aura prati-vAsudeva bali hue| 20. tIrthaMkara munisuvratanAtha-inake tIrtha meM AThaveM baladeva rAma, vAsudeva lakSmaNa aura prati-vAsudeva rAvaNa hue| rAma padmamuni ke rUpa meM samAdRta haiN| 21. tIrthaMkara naminAtha-inake tIrtha meM dasaveM cakravartI hariSeNa aura gyArahaveM cakravartI jayasena hue| 22. tIrthaMkara neminAtha-inake tIrtha meM bArahaveM cakravartI brahmadatta aura nauveM baladeva balarAma, vAsudeva kRSNa aura prati-vAsudeva jarAsaMdha hue| 23. tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha-zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra inhoMne cAturyAma dharma kI sthApanA kI, jisakA vistAra 250 varSa pazcAt hue antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne kiyaa| 24. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra-kAla-cakra ke pravRtta-kalpa ke avasarpiNI kAla-khaNDa 38 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #45
ke caturtha kAla meM jaba tIna varSa aura sAr3he ATha mAha zeSa raha gaye the, to kArtika mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI amAvasyA ko isa kAla-khaNDa ke caubIsaveM aura antima tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIra ne nirvANa-lAbha kiyA thaa| bAraha cakravartiyoM meM hariSeNa aura jayasena svarga gaye aura subhauma aura brahmadatta narakagAmI hue| zeSa ATha mokSagAmI hue, jinameM tIna tIrthaMkara bhI the| balarAma baladeva ke atirikta sabhI baladeva yA balabhadra mokSagAmI the| balarAma pUrNasaMyama pAlakara brahmasvarga meM gaye, vahA~ se cayakara AgAmI bhava meM kRSNa ke jIva tIrthaMkara ke tIrtha meM mokSa-gamana kreNge| sabhI vAsudeva yA nArAyaNa aura prati-vAsudeva (prati-nArAyaNa) narakagAmI the| prati-vAsudeva ke nAmoM meM kucha bhinnatA bhI milatI hai, parantu vaha vizeSa vicAraNIya nahIM hai| mahAvIra ke sAtha zalAkA-puruSa yuga samApta ho jAtA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra vartamAna meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA tIrtha cala rahA hai| zramaNa jaina paramparA meM mahAvIra caubIsaveM aura antima tIrthaMkara mAnya haiN| __ vardhamAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa jaina kAla-gaNanA kA viziSTa patha-cihna hai| anuzruti ke anusAra kAla-cakra ke pravRtta kalpa ke avasarpiNI kAla khaNDa ke caturtha kAla meM jaba tIna varSa aura sAr3he ATha mAha zeSa raha gaye the, to kArtika mAsa ke kRSNa pakSa kI amAvasyA ko isa kAla-khaNDa ke caubIsaveM aura antima tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIra ne nirvANa-lAbha kiyA thaa| paramparA ke anusAra yaha tithi vikrama saMvat se 470 varSa pahale aura zaka saMvat se 605 varSa 5 mAha pUrvagata thI, arthAt IsvI san se 527 varSa pahale yaha ghaTanA ghaTI thii| mahAvIra ne 71 varSa 6 mAha 18 dina kI Ayu pAyI aura tadanusAra unakA janma caitra mAsa ke zukla pakSa kI trayodazI ko IsvI san se 599 varSa pahale haA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janma ke samaya uttara bhArata meM kosala, magadha, vatsa aura avanti meM rAjatantrAtmaka sattAe~ saMgaThita ho rahI thIM, parantu vajjisaMgha ke rUpa meM eka zaktizAla gaNatantra bhI vidyamAna thaa| vajjisaMgha ATha kuloM kA saMgha thA, jisake sabhI gaNa sadasya 'rAjA' kahe jAte the| ina kuloM meM licchavi aura jJAtRkuloM se mahAvIra kA sambandha thaa| jJAtRvaMza aura kAzyapa gotra ke kSatriya rAjA siddhArtha tathA unakI patnI trizalAdeva priyakAriNI kramaza: mahAvIra ke pitA aura mAtA the| mahAvIra kA janma vaizAlI ke nikara sthita kuNDagrAma (kSatriyakuNDa) meM huA thaa| tIsa varSa kI Ayu meM mArgazIrSa kRSNa dazarma ko IsvI pUrva 569 meM mahAvIra ne gRha-tyAga kiyaa| bAraha varSa taka unhoMne tapa-sAdhana kI aura 42 varSa kI Ayu meM vaizAkha zuklaM dazamI ko IsvI pUrva 557 meM unheM kevalajJAna itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 35 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #46
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kI prApti huii| aba ve sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, arhat-paramAtmA ho gaye / digambara paramparA ke anusAra rAjagRha (paMcazailapura) meM sthita vipulAcala parvata para zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadA ko unhoMne apanA sarvaprathama upadeza OMkAra rUpa divyadhvani ke rUpa meM dekara apane dharmacakra kA pravartana kiyA / divyadhvani ko gautama gaNadhara zabda rUpa meM grathita karake lokabhASA meM mahAvIra ke upadeza ko prasArita karate the / zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAna svayaM hI lokabhASA meM apanA upadeza dete the / tIsa varSa taka unhoMne sthAna-sthAna para vihAra kara logoM ko apane upadeza se lAbhAnvita kiyA / / mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA sAra ahiMsAvAda, karmavAda, sAmyavAda aura syAdvAda hai| ina upadezoM ke dvArA unhoMne karuNA, puruSArtha, samAnatA aura viveka - janya sahiSNutA ko mAnavIya - AcaraNa kA AdhAra nirdiSTa kiyaa| sabhI prANiyoM ko Atma-kalyANa karane kA samAna avasara pradAna karane kI dRSTi se unakI dharma sabhAoM ko samavasaraNa kahA gyaa| mahAvIra ke pradhAna ziSya gyAraha gaNadhara the, jinameM pradhAna indrabhUti gautama the / anya gaNadharoM ke nAma agnibhUti, vAyubhUti, zucidatta (Aryavyakta), sudharmA, maNDika (maMDita), mauryaputra, akampita, acala, metArya aura prabhAsa haiM / ye sabhI brAhmaNa the aura veda-zAstroM ke prakANDa paNDita the, parantu unhoMne mahAvIra ke upadezoM se prabhAvita hokara unakA ziSyatva svIkAra kara liyA thA aura ve zramaNa paramparA meM dIkSita ho gaye the / ye gaNadhara mahAvIra ke munisaMgha ke netA the / mahAsatI candanA unake AryikAsaMgha kI adhyakSA thIM / magadha samrAT zreNika-bimbisAra unake pramukha zrAvaka the aura zreNika kI patnI sAmrAjJI celanA zrAvikA - saMgha kI netrI thIM / mahAvIra ke caturvidha saMgha meM sAdhu samudAya meM muni aura AryikA tathA gRhastha samudAya meM zrAvaka aura zrAvikA the / anuzruti ke anusAra unake jIvanakAla meM unake lagabhaga pA~ca lAkha bhakta anuyAyI ho gaye the, jo unake dvArA suvyavasthita caturvidha saMgha ke sadasya the| unameM sabhI vargoM evaM jAtiyoM ke strI-puruSa sammilita the| mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda jaina saMgha kA nAyakatva unake pradhAna gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama ko prApta huA aura unhoMne mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko zrRMkhalAbaddha vyavasthita evaM vargIkRta kiyA, kahA jAtA hai| inheM mahAvIra svAmI se 12 varSa bAda nirvANa prApta huA / tatpazcAt mahAvIra ke hI eka anya gaNadhara sudharmAcArya saMghanAyaka hue aura nirvANa prApta hone taka 12 varSa unhoMne nAyakatva kiyaa| tatpazcAt mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 24 meM sudharmAcArya ke ziSya jambUsvAmI jaina saMgha ke nAyaka hue aura unhoMne 38 varSa taka saMgha kA nAyakatva kiyaa| jambUsvAmI ne mahAvIra saMvat 62 ( IsvI pUrva 465 ) meM mokSa - lAbha kiyaa| mahAvIra kI ziSya-paramparA meM jambUsvAmI antima kevalI the / zvetAmbara paramparA meM jambUsvAmI ko hI mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko Agama rUpa meM saMkalita karane 40 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #47
kA zreya diyA gayA hai| ___jambUsvAmI ke bAda digambara paramparA ke anusAra viSNukumAra, nandimitra, aparAjita, govardhana aura bhadrabAhu ne kramazaH saMgha kA netRtva kiyaa| ye pA~coM zrutakevalI the arthAt unheM mahAvIra dvArA upadiSTa sampUrNa zruta kA yathAvat jJAna thaa| bhadrabAhu digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM meM antima zrutakevalI ke rUpa meM mAnya haiM, jabaki unase pahale cAra zrutakevaliyoM ke nAma zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhinna haiM yathA-prabhava, svayaMbhava, yazobhadra aura sambhUta vijy| antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI samAdhi digambara paramparA ke anusAra mahAvIra saMvat 162 (I.pU. 365) meM tathA zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra mahAvIra saMvat 178 (I.pU. 349) meM mAnI jAtI hai| bhadrabAhu ke bAda mahAvIra dvArA upadezita aMgapUrvo kA jJAna dhIre-dhIre vicchinna hone lgaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra se prabhAvita tatkAlIna sattAdhIzoM meM vajji saMgha ke adhyakSa rAjA ceTaka tathA unakA parivAra aura magadha ke nareza zreNika-bimbisAra tathA unake putra mantrIzvara abhaya aura uttarAdhikArI kuNika-ajAtazatru kA vizeSa rUpa se ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| zreNika-bimbisAra ne apane lagabhaga 50 varSa ke sudIrgha rAjyakAla meM magadha ko eka zaktizAlI rAjya ke rUpa meM saMgaThita kara liyA thA aura magadha sAmrAjya kI sudRr3ha nIMva jamA dI thii| kahA jAtA hai ki magadha kI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha meM mahAvIra kA samavasaraNa 200 bAra AyA thA aura ina samavasaraNoM meM zreNika ne gautama gaNadhara ke mAdhyama se bhagavAn se eka-eka karake 60,000 prazna kiye the aura una praznoM ke uttaroM ke AdhAra para hI vipula jaina-sAhitya kI racanA huii| ___ uvAsagadasAo sutta (upAsakadazA sUtra) meM mahAvIra ke daza sarvazreSTha sAkSAt upAsakoM evaM parama bhaktoM kA varNana prApta hotA hai| ye sabhI sadgRhastha the aura gRhasthAvasthA meM rahate hue hI dharma kA pAlana karate the| unake nAma haiM-ANaMda, kAmadeva, culaNIpitA, surAdeva, cullasaya, kuNDakoliya, saddAlaputta, mahAsataya, naMdiNIpiyA aura leiyaapitaa| inameM se saddAlaputta jAti se zUdra aura karma se kumbhakAra thaa| anya sabhI zrAvaka zreSThi-varga se the| cAra anya zreSThi-putroM kA bhI unake parama-bhakta ke rUpa meM vizeSa ullekha hai-rAjagRha ke sudarzana seTha, zAlibhadra, dhannA aura jmbuukumaar| ye jambUkumAra hI antima kevalI the| ina bhaktoM ke viSaya meM jo kathAe~ jaina sAhitya meM milatI haiM, unakA uddezya gRhastha zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ko tyAga evaM saMyama ke mArga para agrasara karane ke lie prerita karanA rahA pratIta hotA hai| zrutajJAna digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM AmnAyoM meM yaha sAmAnya mAnyatA hai ki mahAvIra ko RjukUlA nadI ke taTa para sthita jRmbhika grAma meM zAla vRkSa ke nIce dhyAna karate itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 41 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #48
hue kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi vaizAkha zukla dazamI ko 12 varSa 6 mAsa va 15 dina ke apane sAdhanA kAla ke uparAnta huI thii| caitra zukla trayodazI mahAvIra kA janmadivasa mAnya hai, jo IsvI san se 599 varSa pahale mAnA jAtA hai| unako kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi 42 varSa kI Ayu meM IsvI san se 557 varSa pahale huii| zvetAmbara mAnyatA ke anusAra bhagavAn kI dezanA kevalajJAna prApti ke turanta bAda hI prArambha ho gayI, parantu digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra dezanA kA prArambha zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadA ko rAjagRha meM vipulAcala parvata para huaa| digambara AmnAya meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se upadiSTa jJAna ko unake prathama gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama dvArA zabda-rUpa meM grathita kiyA gayA thaa| gautama svAmI dvArA grathita jJAna 4 anuyogoM meM saMkalita mAnA jAtA hai| prathamAnuyoga meM mahApuruSoM ke jIvana se sambandhita purANa aura carita Ate haiN| karaNAnuyoga meM loka-aloka aura kAla se sambandhita vivecana hai| caraNAnuyoga meM zrAvakoM aura sAdhuoM ke cAritra sambandhI nirdeza haiN| dravyAnuyoga meM tattvadarzana kA vivecana hai, jo jainadharma ke AdhyAtmika pakSa ko prastuta karatA hai| bhagavAn dvArA jo upadeza diye gaye the, ve 12 aMgoM meM vibhakta the aura isIlie unake dvArA diye gaye upadezoM ko dvAdazAMga zruta kahA jAtA hai| sampUrNa dvAdazAMga zruta kA jJAna gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama ko thA aura digambara AmnAya kI mAnyatA hai ki unhoMne hI isa zrutajJAna ko 12 aMgoM yA vibhAgoM meM grathita kiyaa| zvetAmbara AmnAya meM mAnyatA kucha bhinna hai| isa mAnyatA ke anusAra jambUsvAmI ne gaNadhara sudharmA se prApta jJAna ko saMkalita kiyaa| mahAvIra ke bAda unake prathama gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama saMgha-nAyaka rhe| gautama ke pazcAt sudharmA saMgha-nAyaka hue| sudharmA bhagavAn ke 11 gaNadharoM meM se eka the| inake kAryakAla ke viSaya meM donoM AmnAyoM meM matabheda hai| digambara AmnAya ke anusAra gautama kA nAyakatva kAla 12 varSa thA aura tatpazcAt sudharmA kA nAyakatva kAla bhI 12 varSa kA thA, parantu zvetAmbara-AmnAya meM gautama kA kAryakAla to 12 varSa hI hai, sudharmA kA kAryakAla mAtra 8 varSa hai| tathApi tIsare saMgha-nAyaka ke rUpa meM jambUsvAmI kI mAnyatA donoM AmnAyoM meM hai| digambara AmnAya ke anusAra unakA kAryakAla 38 varSa kA thA aura zvetAmbara AmnAya ke anusAra 42 varSa kaa| donoM AmnAyoM meM yaha mAnyatA bhI hai ki mahAvIra ke bAda tIna kevalI hue aura ve gautama, sudharmA aura jambU the| ____ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki mahAvIra ke sabhI gaNadhara (mukhya ziSya) vedajJa brAhmaNa the, parantu jambUsvAmI campA ke eka zreSThI ke putra the arthAt vaizya varNa ke the, aura yadyapi vaha mahAvIra ke prabhAva se unake ziSya ho gaye the, parantu unakI gaNanA gaNadharoM meM nahIM thii| donoM hI AmnAyoM ke anusAra sudharmA ke bAda jambUsvAmI saMgha-nAyaka hue| 42 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #49
donoM hI AmnAyoM ke anusAra jambUsvAmI ko kevalajJAna prApta huA thA aura mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke 62 varSa bAda IsvI pUrva 465 meM mokSa prApta huaa| zvetAmbara AmnAya meM mahAvIra kI dvAdazAMga-vANI ko saMkalita karane kA zreya jambUsvAmI ko diyA gayA hai| jambUsvAmi ne mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA pratyakSa-bodha ke AdhAra para saMkalana nahIM kiyA, varan unhoMne kahA hai ki "guru sudharmA svAmI se gautama ke praznoM kA mahAvIra dvArA diyA gayA uttara, jaisA sunaa|" zvetAmbara AmnAya meM mahAvIra dvArA upadiSTa 12 aMgoM meM se prathama 11 aMga saMrakSita batAye jAte haiM, jinakA upalabdha rUpa mahAvIra nirvANa ke 980 yA 993 varSa bAda, arthAt 453 yA 466 I. ke lagabhaga, vallabhI meM devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA saMkalita kiyA gyaa| digambara AmnAya ina 11 aMgoM ko mAnyatA nahIM detI aura inheM lupta mAnatI hai, tathA kevala 12veM aMga ke dRSTi-pravAda-khaNDa ko hI saMrakSita mAnatI hai| zvetAmbara AmnAya 12veM aMga ko lupta mAnatI hai| donoM AmnAyoM ke anusAra dvAdaza aMgoM ke nAma prAyaH samAna haiM, parantu unakI padasaMkhyA, zloka-saMkhyA aura akSara-saMkhyA ke sambandha meM matabheda hai| ina aMgoM ke nAma nimnalikhita haiM 1. AyAro (AcArAMga)-isameM zramaNa nirgranthoM ke AcAra sambandhI nirdeza hai| 2. suyagaDo (sUtrakRtAMga)-isameM svamata, paramata, jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha, mokSa Adi tattvoM kA nirUpaNa hai aura mahAvIra ke samaya pracalita 363 pAkhaNDa matoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 3. ThANaM (sthAnAMga)-isameM sva-samaya, para-samaya, sva-para ubhaya samaya, jIva, ajIva, jIvAjIva, loka, aloka, lokAloka Adi para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 4. samavAo (samavAyAMga)-isameM dravya kI apekSA se jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza Adi ke kSetra, kAla tathA bhAva kI dRSTi se vivaraNa diye gae haiN| viyAhapaNNattI (viyAha-paNNatti, vyAkhyA-prajJapti, vipAka-prajJapti, vikkhApaNatti)-yaha praznottara zailI meM hai| isameM gautama dvArA kiye gaye praznoM ke uttara bhagavAn dete haiN| prazna vividha viSayaka haiN| isakA dUsarA nAma bhagavatIsUtra (bhagavaI) bhI hai| 6. nAyadhammakahAo (jJAtRdharmakathA)-isameM udAharaNa rUpa se dharma-kathAe~ dI gayI haiN| 7. uvasagdasAo (upAsakadazA)-isameM dasa upAsaka gRhasthoM ke sadAcAra pUrNa jIvana kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 8. antagaDadasAo (antakRtdazA)-isameM vibhinna zreNI ke sAdhakoM kA varNana hai| itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 43 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #50
pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke samaya meM hone vAle una dasa-dasa antakRta kevaliyoM kA varNana hai, jinhoMne bhayaMkara upasargoM ko sahakara antataH mukti prApta kii| aNuttarovavAiyadasAo (anuttaropapAtikradazA)-isameM aise mahApuruSoM kA carita diyA gayA hai, jinhoMne ghora tapazcaraNa aura vizuddha saMyama kI sAdhanA ke pazcAt mRtyu ko prApta kara anuttaravimAnoM meM devatva prApta kiyaa| . 10. paNhAvAgaraNAiM (prazna-vyAkaraNa)-isameM yukti aura nayoM dvArA AkSepa aura vikSeparUpa praznoM kA uttara diyA gayA hai| 11. vivAgasuyaM (vipAka sUtra),-isameM udAharaNa ke mAdhyama se karma-siddhAnta ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| puNya-pApa ke vipAka kA vicAra isa aMga kI vizeSatA hai| 12. diTThivAo (dRSTivAda)-isameM saMsAra ke samasta darzanoM aura nayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 363 matoM kA nirUpaNapUrvaka khaNDana dRSTivAda aMga kA vistAra hai| vAcanA __bhadrabAhu ke bAda digambara aura zvetAmbara AmnAya kI AcArya paramparAoM meM pUrNa bheda ho jAtA hai| digambara AmnAya meM mahAvIra ke bAda 683 varSa meM 33 saMgha-nAyaka AcArya hue, parantu unameM indrabhUti gautama, sudharmA, jambU aura bhadrabAhu ko chor3akara zvetAmbara paramparA meM mAnya kisI saMgha-nAyaka kA nAma nahIM hai| zvetAmbara AmnAya meM mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 609 taka 19 AcAryoM kA nAma hai, jo sabhI indrabhUti gautama, sudharmA, jambU aura bhadrabAhu ko chor3akara digambara AmnAya kI sUcI se bhinna haiN| bhadrabAhu ke bAda zvetAmbara paramparA meM sthUlibhadra (sthUlibhadra) kA ullekha hai aura vahIM se zvetAmbara AmnAya kI bhinnatA prArambha hotI hai| sthUlibhadra kA AcAryatva kA kAla mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 170 se 215 (IsvI pUrva 357-312) rahA; vaha antima caturdazapUrvI the aura bhadrabAhu ke ziSya rahe the| zvetAmbara AmnAya ke anusAra sthUlibhadra kI ziSya paramparA meM vajrasena ke samaya mahAvIra saMvat 606 yA 609 (79 yA 82 IsvI san) meM jaina saMgha antima rUpa se digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoM meM vibhakta ho gyaa| zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra dvAdazavarSIya durbhikSa kI samApti ke bAda mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 160 (367 I.pU.) meM pATaliputra meM eka sammelana huA, jisameM zruta kA vAcana kiyA gyaa| isameM bhadrabAhu tathA anya koI digambara AcArya bhI sammilita nahIM hue| ataH yaha prathama vAcanA niSphala rhii| punaH usI paramparA meM mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 827-840 (300-313 I.) meM Arya skandila kI adhyakSatA meM mathurA meM eka vAcanA sammelana huA aura vallabhI meM bhI nAgArjuna sUri kI adhyakSatA meM eka sammelana huA; 44 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #51
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir parantu donoM meM matabheda hone ke kAraNa antima nirNaya nahIM ho sakA / antataH devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM mahAvIra saMvat 980 yA 993 (453 yA 466 I.) meM vallabhI meM vAcanA kI gayI aura zvetAmbara Agama ko antima rUpa diyA gayA, jaisAki aba upalabdha mAnA jAtA hai / digambara AmnAya meM aisI kisI paramparA kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai, jaba mahAvIra ke bAda unake upadezoM ke saMkalana ke lie koI sammelana kiyA gayA ho / khAravela ke hAthIgumphA zilAlekha se yaha vidita hotA hai ki mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 355 arthAt IsvI pUrva 172 meM eka sammelana dvAdaza- aMgoM ke vAcana ke lie ur3IsA pradeza ke bhuvanezvara jile meM sthita kumArI parvata (udayagiri) para kiyA gayA thaa| yadi saMyogavaza isa abhilekha kI jAnakArI na hotI, to yaha mahattvapUrNa aitihAsika ghaTanA upekSita hI nahIM, varan vismRta bhI raha jaatii| isa vAcanA kA koI sthAyI pariNAma nahIM nikalA pratIta hotA, kyoMki kadAcit usa samaya digambara aura zvetAmbara vibheda ke poSaka AcArya usa sammelana meM upasthita rahe hoNge| abhilekha meM kisI bhI AcArya kA nAma nahIM diyA gayA hai / yadyapi sabhI dizAoM se zramaNoM ko usameM Amantrita kiyA gayA thA ( sukata - samaNa- - suvihitAnaM ca savadisAnaM JaninaM - tapasi - isinaM - saMghayanaM) / mathurA meM kaMkAlI TIlA se prApta pustaka - dhAriNI sarasvatI kI lekhAMkita mUrti prApta huI hai| isa mUrti para varSa 54 kA lekha hai / varSa 54 ko 78 IsvI ke zak saMvat se samIkRta kiyA jAtA hai aura isakA samaya 132 IsvI mAnA jAtA hai / sarasvatI kI yaha mUrti goduhikA Asana meM hai / zvetAmbara paramparA meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ko kevalajJAna kI prApti isI Asana meM huI thI / yaha mUrti yaha iMgita karatI hai ki usa samaya taka zvetAmbara paramparA kI yaha mAnyatA pracalita ho gayI thI / sarasvatI ke hAtha meM pustaka se yaha iMgita hotA hai ki IsvI san ke prArambha meM hI jainoM meM granthoM lipikaraNa kI paramparA prArambha ho gayI thI / isase yaha bhI sUcita hotA hai ki dvAdazAMga zruta kI vAcanA hetu jo sammelana I. pU. 172 meM khAravela ne Ayojita kiyA thA, usake bAda bhI vAcanA ke lie sammelana Ayojita hote rahe aura sambhavataH mathurA meM bhI Arya skandila ke pahale koI vAcanA- sammelana huA, jisakI dhvani isa mUrti meM pratIta hotI hai| vikAsa-krama kisI bhI jIvanta - vyavasthA meM deza aura kAla kI apekSA se utpanna paristhitiyoM ke anusAra parivartana avazyambhAvI haiN| aitihAsika dRSTi se ye parivartana vikAsakrama ko sUcita karate haiM, parantu kaTTara rUr3hivAditA kI dRSTi se inako vyavasthA meM vikAra bhI mAnA jAtA hai| jainadharma kI vartamAna vyavasthA kA mUla bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA pravartita itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 45 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #52
evaM pratiSThApita svarUpa hai| unake dvArA upadiSTa zrutajJAna isakI pRSThabhUmi aura AdhAra haiN| usa jJAna ko saMrakSita karane ke bahuvidhi prayAsa kiye jAte rhe| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt 62 varSa meM 3 saMgha-nAyaka kramazaH indrabhUti gautama, sudharmA aura jambU hue, jinake sambandha meM koI matAntara nahIM hai, parantu jambUsvAmI ke pazcAt matAntara prArambha ho jAtA hai| yadyapi bhadrabAhu 8veM saMgha-nAyaka ke rUpa meM digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM meM mAnya haiM, jambU ke bAda digambara-paramparA meM nandi, nandimitra, aparAjita aura govardhana ko mAnyatA dI gayI hai, parantu zvetAmbara paramparA meM unake sthAna para prabhava, svayaMbhava, yazobhadra aura sambhUtavijaya ko mAnyatA dI gayI hai| isase yaha saMketa milatA hai ki jambUsvAmI ke bAda hI matabheda prArambha ho gaye the, tathApi bhadrabAhu ko donoM hI pakSoM ne saMgha-nAyaka svIkAra kara liyA thaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhadrabAhu ke bAda sthUlibhadra kA ullekha hai| sthUlibhadra kA ullekha digambara paramparA meM nahIM hai| yaha tathya isa bAta ko pratibhAsita karatA hai ki bhadrabAhu ke bAda spaSTa rUpa se saMgha kA nAyakatva ba~Ta gayA thaa| bhadrabAhu ke samaya meM magadha meM 12 varSa kA durbhikSa pdd'aa| isa durbhikSa ke kAraNa bahuta se sAdhu jo AcAra se ba~dhe the, magadha se dakSiNa kI ora cale gye| kucha sAdhu durbhikSa ke kSetra meM rahe aura unhoMne paristhitiyoM ke anusAra apane AcAra ko samAyojita kara liyaa| ye jaina sAdhu mUla digambara sAdhu caryA se alaga ho gaye aura durbhikSa ke bAda pazcima dizA meM ujjaina aura mathurA kI ora cale gye| magadha meM durbhikSa kI samApti para mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 160 (I.pU. 367) meM pATaliputra meM zruta ke saMrakSaNa ke lie eka sammelana kiyA gayA, jisameM bhadrabAhu sammilita nahIM hue tathA anya koI digambara sAdhu bhI sammilita nahIM hue, aura yaha sammelana niSphala rhaa| yaha ghaTanA isa bAta ko sUcita karatI hai ki jaina sAdhu-saMgha meM aba spaSTa matabheda ho gayA thA, parantu saMgha-bheda ko spaSTa svIkRti nahIM milI thii| zvetAmbara-paramparA meM 19veM paTTadhara vajrasena ke samaya meM mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 603 (76 IsvI) meM digambara-zvetAmbara saMgha-bheda ko antataH mAnyatA dI gyii| saMgha-bheda ke lie mahAvIra ni.saM. 606 (79 IsvI) aura ma.ni.saM. 609 (82 IsvI) kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, parantu 603, 606 aura 609 yaha tInoM hI saMvat vajrasena ke nAyakatva-kAla meM hI par3ate haiN| ataH saMgha-bheda ko IsvI san 76 se mAnA jA sakatA hai| digambara-AmnAya ke mUla grantha SaTakhaNDAgama kA praNayana mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 602 (75 IsvI) meM mAnA jAtA hai| yaha ghaTanA bhI isa tathya ko sUcita karatI pratIta hotI hai ki prathama zatI IsvI ke caturtha caraNa meM mahAvIra dvArA sthApita jainazramaNa-saMgha meM digambara aura zvetAmbara sAdhuoM ke rUpa meM saMgha-bheda spaSTa ho gayA thaa| ___ mAnyatA yahI hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA jo saMgha vyavasthA kI gayI thI, usameM sAdhu nirgrantha digambara the| IsvI pUrva tIsarI se pahalI aura IsvI san kI prArambhika 46 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #53
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zatAbdiyoM meM pazcimottara se yavana, pahalava, zaka, kuSANa, hUNa Adi AkramaNakArI hamAre deza meM Aye aura pazcima bhArata ke pradezoM para unhoMne apanA Adhipatya kara liyaa| usa samaya kI paristhitiyoM ko dekhate hue una pradezoM meM sAdhucaryA meM kucha parivartana Avazyaka ho gaye hoNge| unhIM ko dRSTigata rakhate hue dhIre-dhIre zveta vastradhArI arthAt zvetAmbara sAdhucaryA kA prArambha huA / mathurA se pahalI - dUsarI zatAbdI IsvI ke jo purAvazeSa prApta hue haiM, unameM digambaratva ko DhA~pane ke lie hAtha se eka vastra-paTTa laTakA huA pradarzita hai| isa prakAra ke citrAMkana ko ardhaphAlaka kI saMjJA dI gayI hai / zaka saMvat 54 (132 IsvI) kI sarasvatI kI mUrti para bhI ardhaphAlaka sAdhu kA citrAMkana hai| isa prakAra kA citrAMkana bhI vastradhArI zvetAmbara sAdhuoM kI upasthiti kA saMketa karatA pratIta hotA hai / jainadharma meM AsthA banAye rakhane aura jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM ko eka-sAtha bA~dhe rakhane kI dRSTi se prabhAvaka AcAryoM dvArA samaya-samaya para bahuta-sI vyavasthAe~ kI gayIM, jinako saiddhAntika dRSTi se mAnya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jina devI-devatAoM ke prati athavA anya amAnavIya zaktiyoM ke prati loka-mAnasa meM sAmAnya rUpa se AsthA thI, una sabhI ko zanaiH-zanai: jaina deva- samUha meM bhI sammilita kara liyA gayA / manoratha pUrti ke lie jo vibhinna prakAra ke karmakANDa pracalita the, unheM bhI jaina-ArAdhanApaddhati meM sammilita kara liyA gyaa| isa prakAra eka sAmAnya vyakti ko bhakti aura ArAdhanA ke lie jo sambala cAhie, ve jainadharma meM bhI upalabdha karA die gaye, tAki apane Asa-pAsa ke paridRzya se AkarSita hokara vaha jainadharma se vimukha na ho jAe~ / isa pariprekSya meM ArAdhya arhanta tIrthaMkara ke atirikta zAsana- devatA ke rUpa meM tathA manokAmanA pUrNa karane vAle devI-devatAoM ke rUpa meM jainoM ke deva-samUha meM bhI bahuta se devI-devatA sammilita kara lie gaye, parantu ina devI-devatAoM ko tIrthaMkara se nimna starIya dvitIya sthAna para rakhA gayA / yaha loka - saMskRti se sammizraNa kA pratIka hai| madhya kAla meM 13vIM zatAbdI se 19vIM zatAbdI taka muslima zAsana-kAla rahA / isa kAla meM sabhI bhAratIya dharmoM ko saMrakSaNa kI vizeSa AvazyakatA anubhUta huI / mandira aura mUrtiyoM kA dhvaMsa kiyA jAne lgaa| sAdhuoM ke veza aura AcAra kI surakSA kaThina ho gayI / una paristhitiyoM ke pariprekSya meM digambara sampradAya meM bhaTTAraka saMsthA kA prArambha huaa| bhaTTAraka prakaTa rUpa meM vastradhArI hote the aura unakA kucha AcAra digambara muni ke samAna hotA thA / vibhinna sthAnoM para bhaTTArakoM kI gaddI sthApita huI, jahA~ ve jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM kA dharma mArga meM mArgadarzana karate the| zvetAmbara sampradAya meM isI prakAra yatiyoM kI gaddiyA~ sthApita huiiN| islAma kI mandira - mUrti bhaMjaka mAnasikatA se sabhI bhAratIya trasta the| isa paristhiti meM apane dharma ke saMrakSaNa ke lie jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM meM bhI kucha sudhArAtmaka prayAsa itihAsa ke prati jaina dRSTi :: 47 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #54
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kie gye| digambara-sampradAya meM tAraNa paMtha athavA samaiyA-sampradAya kI saMsthApanA tAraNa svAmI (1448-1515 I.) ne kI thii| isa sampradAya dvArA mandiroM aura mUrtiyoM ke sthAna para zAstra kI pUjA kA vidhAna kiyA gyaa| isa kA vyApaka prabhAva madhya pradeza meM rhaa| zvetAmbara sampradAya meM bhI gujarAta meM laukAzAha (1420-1476 I.) ne lauMkAgaccha kI sthApanA kI, jo Age calakara sthAnakavAsI sampradAya ke rUpa meM pracalita huaa| sthAnakavAsI sAdhu mukha-paTTI kA upayoga karate haiM aura mandiroM evaM mUrtiyoM kA virodha karate haiN| Age calakara inhIM meM se bhikkhugaNI ne terApaMtha kI sthApanA kii| 20vIM zatAbdI meM terApaMtha ke vizeSa prabhAvaka AcArya tulasI the| ___20vIM zatI meM hI digambara sampradAya meM zrI kAnajI svAmI ne kAnajI zuddhapantha kI sthApanA kii| isakA vizeSa Agraha zuddha adhyAtmavAda para rhaa| ___ 19vIM-20vIM zatI meM briTiza zAsana-kAla meM jaina samAja meM bhI jAgRti kI AvazyakatA anubhUta huii| jainadharma, sAhitya aura kalA ke prati abhiruci jAgrata karane ke prayatna kie gaye aura usake lie zodha-saMsthAoM aura sAhitya ke prakAzana kI vyavasthA kI gyii| samAja meM pracalita rUr3hiyoM ke parimArjana ke lie bhI sudhAravAdI prayatna kie gye| sampradAya aura paMtha-bheda ko bhulAkara sabhI jaina dharmAnuyAyiyoM ko eka maMca para lAne ke prayAsa bhI kie gye| isa dRSTi se (All India Jain Young Men's Association) (bhArata jaina mahAmaNDala) kA gaThana bhI 1912-13 meM kiyA gyaa| ye prayatna bhI hue ki jaina dharmAnuyAyI vibhinna kSetroM meM apanI upasthiti ullekhanIya rUpa meM pratiSThApita kara skeN| svatantratA-prApti ke bAda rAjanItika paridRzya ke sApekSa jaina dharmAnuyAyiyoM ke lie eka sarvamAnya maMca kA gaThana kiye jAne kI AvazyakatA bhI anubhava kI gyii| isa sambandha meM kucha prayatna kiye bhI jAte rahe haiM, parantu vyaktigata ahaM ke kAraNa isakA koI sakArAtmaka pariNAma samprati prakaTa nahIM huA hai| vartamAna paristhitiyoM meM yaha Avazyaka hai ki paMthavAda ke matabhedoM se Upara uThakara saMgaThana kA prayatna kiyA jAye aura tIrtha Adi se sambandhita vivAdoM ko samajhaute aura samanvaya kI bhAvanA se nipaTA liyA jaae| AcAra Adi meM bhI vartamAna paristhitiyoM ke sApekSa Avazyaka parimArjana kiyA jAnA apekSita hai| tAki bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA pravartita jainadharma ke prati jainetara samudAya meM Adara, vinaya aura zraddhA kA bhAva banA hI rahe, balki nirantara samRddha hotA cle| 48 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #55
Izvara sambandhI jaina avadhAraNA ___ DaoN. zItalacanda jaina 'darzana' zabda kA vyutpattijanya artha dekhanA, vicAranA aura zraddhA karanA hai| pratyeka manuSya ke jIvana meM darzana kA mahattva hai| vastutaH jina vicAroM dvArA dharma kA samarthana evaM sampoSaNa kiyA jAtA hai, una vicAroM ko darzana kahA jAtA hai| prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM ne duHkhanivRtti ko mokSa kahA hai| yahI bandhana evaM mokSa bhAratIya darzanoM kA mukhya prazna rahA hai| ata: unake svarUpa evaM du:kha-nivRtti ke upAyoM ke vizleSaNa meM matabheda hai| koI Izvara kI sevA se mokSa mAnatA hai, to koI Izvara ke dvArA aura koI AtmA ke sAkSAtkAra se mokSa mAnatA hai, koI isa saMsAra kA sRSTikartA Izvara ko mAnatA hai, to koI sRSTi ko anAdi mAnatA hai| bhAratIya darzana meM IzvaravAda kA bahuta vistRta vyAkhyAna milatA hai, sambhavataH IzvaravAda ke binA kisI bhI bhAratIya darzana kI kalpanA muzkila hai| jo darzana Izvara ko jagatsRSTikartA ke rUpa meM mAnate haiM, ve bhI Izvara ke anya guNoM ko apane-apane pUjya devoM meM mAnate haiM / isa prakAra eka sArvabhauma guNAtizayazAlI divyapuruSa kI kalpanA prAyaH sabhI darzanoM meM milatI hai| bhAratIya darzanoM ko Astika aura nAstika ke bheda se do zreNiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai| nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, mImAMsA aura vedAnta- ina chaha darzanoM ko Astika tathA jaina, bauddha aura cArvAk-ina tIna darzanoM ko nAstika kahA jAtA hai, parantu bhAratIya darzanoM ko Astika aura nAstika ina do zreNiyoM meM vibhakta karane vAlA koI sarva-mAnya siddhAnta nahIM hai| ataH bhAratIya darzanoM kA vibhAga vaidika aura avaidika darzanoM ke rUpa meM karanA yukti-saMgata pratIta hotA hai| veda ko pramANa mAnane ke kAraNa nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, mImAMsA aura vedAnta- ye chaha vaidika-darzana haiM tathA veda ko pramANa na mAnane ke kAraNa cArvAka, bauddha aura jaina- ye tIna avaidika-darzana haiN| ___ bhAratIya saMskRti meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA isa prakAra se ghara kara gayI ki janasAdhAraNa sAmAnyatayA saba-kucha kArya Izvara kI kRpA se mAnane lagA, itanA taka ki svarga-naraka meM bhejane vAlA Izvara ho gyaa| ukta prakAra kI avadhAraNA kahA~ taka ucita hai aura jainadarzana IzvaravAdI hai yA anIzvaravAdI? ....yadi IzvaravAdI hai to usakI avadhAraNA kyA hai? Izvara sambandhI jaina avadhAraNA :: 49 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #56
-yaha isa Alekha kA pramukha vicAraNIya viSaya hai| Izvara ke viSaya meM jainetara dArzanikoM ke vicAra isa prakAra prApta haiM -- mImAMsAdarzana____mImAMsA zabda kA artha kisI vastu ke svarUpa kA ythaarth-vivecn| mImAMsA ke do bheda haiM -karmamImAMsA aura jnyaanmiimaaNsaa| yajJoM kI vidhi tathA anuSThAna kA varNana karmamImAMsA kA viSaya hai| jIva, jagat aura Izvara ke svarUpa tathA sambandha kA nirUpaNa karanA jJAna-mImAMsA kA viSaya hai| karma-mImAMsA ko pUrva-mImAMsA tathA jJAna-mImAMsA ko uttara-mImAMsA bhI kahate haiM, kintu vartamAna meM karma-mImAMsA ke lie kevala mImAMsA zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai aura jJAna-mImAMsA kA 'vedAnta' zabda se abhiprAya se liyA jAtA hai| ____ maharSi jaimini mImAMsA-darzana ke sUtrakAra hai| mImAMsA-darzana meM kumArilabhaTTa kA yuga svarNa yuga ke nAma se kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra mImAMsA-darzana meM bhATTa aura prAbhAkara- ye pRthak pRthak sampradAya hue haiN| ___mImAMsAdarzana meM Izvara aura sarvajJa donoM ko nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki kisI bhI puruSa meM jJAna aura vItarAgatA kA pUrNa vikAsa sambhava nahIM hai| mImAMsaka veda ko apauruSeya mAnate haiN| veda mukhya rUpa se atIndriyapadArtha dharma kA pratipAdaka hai tathA atIndriyadarzI koI puruSa sambhava nahIM hone ke kAraNa dharma meM veda hI pramANa hai| vedAntadarzana upaniSadoM ke siddhAntoM para pratiSThita hone ke kAraNa isa darzana kA nAma vedAnta prasiddha huaa| upaniSadoM kI racanA vedoM ke bAda huI, isalie upaniSadoM ko vedAnta bhI kahate haiM / vedAntadarzana ke anusAra isa saMsAra meM eka-mAtra brahma kI hI sattA hai tathA yahA~ jo nAnAtmakatA dRSTigocara hotI hai, vaha-saba mAyika hai| vedAntadarzana ke tInoM prasthAna- (1) upaniSad, (2) brahmasUtra, (3) zrImadbhagavatagItA meM Izvara evaM usake sRSTikartRtva Adi kA samarthana dRr3hatA se prApta hotA hai| ata: yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki upaniSadoM kI brahmaikyavAda kI dhAraNA hI IzvaravAda ke rUpa meM vikasita huI hai| sarasvatI rahasyopaniSad evaM zvetAzvataropaniSad meM spaSTarUpa se sarva-tantrasvatantra Izvara ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana huA hai| jo jagat kA kartA, vizvavettA, Atmayoni, svayambhU, advitIya, nitya-paramAtmA Adi ke rUpa meM svIkArya hai| brahmasUtra ke pramukha bhASyakAra zaMkarAcArya, bhAskarAcArya, rAmAnujAcArya, nimbArkAcArya, madhvAcArya, vallabhAcArya aadi| inhoMne apane-apane dRSTi bhedoM ke anurUpa hI sahI Izvara kI upapatti jarUra kI hai| AcArya zaMkara ne kahA hai ki sabhI vedAntoM meM Izvara se hI sRSTi kI 50 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #57
upapatti hotI hai| ve siddhAntata: kevalAdvaitavAdI haiM, tathApi Izvara ko sRSTi kA kartA evaM karmaphala pradAtA batAne meM apanI dRr3hatA vyakta karate haiN| nyAya tathA vaizeSika darzana nyAyadarzana kA viSaya nyAya kA pratipAdana karanA hai| nyAya kA artha hai- vibhinna pramANoM ke dvArA artha kI parIkSA krnaa| ina pramANoM ke svarUpa kA varNana karane ke kAraNa isa darzana ko nyAyadarzana kahate haiN| nyAyadarzana ke mAnane vAle naiyAyika kahalAte haiN| 'vizeSa' nAmaka padArtha kI viziSTa kalpanA ke kAraNa isa darzana kA nAma vaizeSikadarzana prasiddha huaa| kucha bAtoM ko chor3akara anya aneka bAtoM meM nyAya aura vaizeSika darzanoM meM samAnatA pAyI jAtI hai| ina donoM darzanoM kA sammilita nAma yauga hai| nyAya-vaizeSika kI dRSTi meM Izvara nitya, mukta, sarvazaktimAna, sarvajJa aura isa jagat kA nimittakAraNa hai| Izvara ke atirikta isa darzana meM anya yogiyoM kI AtmAoM meM bhI sarvajJatva ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, para vaha jJAna anitya hai| Izvara kA jJAna nitya aura aparokSAtmaka hai| apavarga kI prApti Izvara ke binA sambhava nahIM hai aura apavarga meM AtmA ke sabhI Agantuka guNa hamezA ke lie vinaSTa ho jAte haiN| Izvara kA astitva isa darzana meM zabda aura anumAna pramANa kA Azraya lekara siddha kiyA gayA hai| sAMkhya tathA yoga darzana tattvoM kI saMkhyA ke kAraNa isa darzana kA nAma sAMkhya-darzana huA, kintu saMkhyA zabda kA dUsarA artha hai- vivekjnyaan| prAcIna sAMkhyoM ne Izvara ko nahIM mAnA hai, parantu kAlAntara meM Izvara kI sattA bhI svIkAra kara lI gii| sAMkhya ke nirIzvarasAMkhya aura sezvarasAMkhya - aise do bheda ho gye| sezvarasAMkhya ko hI yogadarzana ke nAma se kahA jAtA hai| sAMkhyoM kA mata hai ki prakRti triguNAtmaka hai tathA saba padArthoM meM sattva, raja aura tama - ina tIna guNoM kA anvaya pAyA jAtA hai, isalie saba padArtha prakRti se utpanna hue haiN| sAMkhya kisI padArtha kI utpatti aura vinAza ko nahIM mAnate haiM, parantu AvirbhAva aura tirobhAva ko mAnate haiN| sAMkhyoM ke anusAra prakRti kevala kI hai aura puruSa kevala bhoktA sAMkhyadarzana meM prakRti aura puruSa ye do hI tattva haiN| prakRti aura puruSa kA saMyoga hone para prakRti meM kSobha paidA hotA hai aura mahadAdi krama se prakRti se isa jagat kI sRSTi hotI hai, isameM Izvara (puruSa vizeSa) kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| sRSTi svAbhAvika prakriyA se hotI hai, jaise vatsavivRddhi ke lie dUdha kI pravRtti svata: hotI hai| sAMkhyadarzana ko IzvaravAdI darzana ke rUpa meM mAnane kI sarvapramukha bhUmikA AcArya vijJAnabhikSu kI hai| inhoMne sAMkhyapravacanabhASya meM sAMkhyazAstra ke praNetA kapilamuni ko Izvara kA avatAra zvara sambandhI jaina avadhAraNA :: 51 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #58
tathA Izvara ko mokSa-pradAtA batAyA hai|" yogadarzana sAMkhyadarzana kA anugAmI-darzana mAnA jAtA hai| isa darzana ne klezAdi se aparAmRSTa puruSavizeSa ko Izvara mAnA hai / yogadarzana kA yaha Izvara saba prakAra ke bandhanoM se sarvathA achUtA hai| isako aizvaryasampanna evaM nitya mAnA hai| sAmAnya puruSa akartA hai, parantu Izvara akartA nahIM hai| isa taraha yogadarzana sAMkhyAnugAmI hokara bhI puruSavizeSa ke rUpa meM Izvara ko svIkAra karatA hai| cArvAkadarzana vaidikakAla meM yajJAnuSThAna tathA tapazcaraNa para vizeSa bala diyA jAtA thaa| manuSyoM ko aihika bAtoM kI apekSA pAralaukika bAtoM kI cintA vizeSa rUpa se rahatI thii| ina bAtoM kI pratikriyA svarUpa cArvAka darzana kA udaya huaa| isa darzana kA sabase prAcIna nAma laukAyatika hai| sAdhAraNa logoM kI taraha AcaraNa karane ke kAraNa cArvAka darzana ke anuyAyI kA nAma laukAyatika pracalita huaa| cAru (sundara) vAk (bAta) ko arthAt logoM ko priya lagane vAlI bAta ko kahane ke kAraNa cArvAka nAma pdd'aa| cArvAka darzana kA koI eka vyavasthita grantha upalabdha nahIM hai, para chiTa-puTa-rUpa meM kucha sUtra kArikAe~ upalabdha haiM, jinake AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki cAtubhautika deha tathA cakSurAdi indriyoM ke samudAya ke atirikta anya indriyAtIta AtmA Adi kA astitva nahIM hai| jaba AtmA kA hI astitva nahIM ho, to Izvara kI kalpanA to vyartha hI hai| vArhaspatya arthazAstra meM kahA gayA hai 'AtmAvAn rAjA' arthAt laukika rAjA ke atirikta anya kisI bhI indriyAtIta Izvara yA paramezvara kA astitva nahIM hai| SaDdarzanasamuccaya meM kahA gayA hai lokAyata (cArvAka) mata meM na koI deva hai, na mokSa hai, dharma-adharma nAma kI koI vastu nahIM hai| bauddhadarzana bauddhadharma darzana ke saMsthApaka tathAgata buddha the| unhoMne AtmA ko kSaNika mAnA hai, ataH Izvara kI upapatti nahIM hotI hai| spaSTatayA bauddha anIzvaravAdI hI hai| bauddhadarzana ke cAra pramukha sampradAya haiM, jinake apane-apane viziSTa dArzanika siddhAnta haiN| inake nAma haiM-vaibhASika, sautrAntika, yogAcAra aura maadhymik| bauddhadarzana meM anAtmavAda, kSaNabhaMgavAda, vijJAnavAda, zUnyavAda, anyApohavAda, pratItyasamutpAdavAda, Adi siddhAnta pramukha haiN| jainadarzana jainetara dArzanikoM ke IzvaraviSayaka matoM kA vizleSaNa karane se spaSTa hai ki vastutaH dekhA jAya to cArvAka mata ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI dArzanika aizvaryavAcaka 'Izvara' ko 52 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #59
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir mAnate haiN| koI isa zabda kA prayoga kareM yA na kareM para prAyaH sabhI ne apane upAsya ke rUpa meM, apanI saiddhAntika mAnyatA ke rUpa meM ise svIkAra kiyA hai| jaina zabda 'jina' zabda se banA hai| jo vyakti jJAnAvaraNAdi dravyakarmoM aura rAgadveSAdi bhAvakarmoM ko jIta letA hai, vaha 'jina' kahalAtA hai| aise 'jina' ke dvArA upadiSTa dharma tathA darzana ko jainadharma aura jainadarzana kahate haiN| jainadarzana meM pratyeka AtmA karmoM kA nAza karake paramAtmA athavA Izvara bana sakatA hai, kintu jainadarzanAbhimata Izvara sRSTikartA nahIM hotA aura na to kabhI avatAra letA hai aura na kabhI saMsAra meM mokSa se lauTakara AtA hai| jo cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ko naSTa kara letA hai vaha arhanta kahalAtA hai aura aSTa karmoM ko naSTa karane vAlA siddha kahalAtA hai| isI siddha dazA ko jainoM ne Izvara bhI kahA hai| vastuta: jainadarzana meM Izvara ko svIkAra to kiyA hai, parantu jagat ke kartA-dhartA ke rUpa meM nahIM, jaisA anya jainetara dArzanika svIkAra karate haiN| jainadarzana sRSTi yA jagat ko anAdi-nidhana mAnatA hai / karmoM kA phala dene ke lie bhI use kisI mAdhyama (Izvara Adi) kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| yahA~ para to pratyeka AtmA Izatva prApta karane kI zakti rakhatA hai, aura use prApta kara mukta ho sakatA hai| yaha mukti hI jainadarzana meM mokSa hai| mokSamArga kA upadeza denevAlA Apta hotA hai aura vaha Apta cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ko naSTa karake Izvara kahalAtA hai| vaha Izvara vItarAgI, pUrNajJAnI - sarvajJa, rAga-dveSa tathA ajJAna se rahita aura Agama kA upadeSTA hotA hai| jaina paramparA meM AptatA ke lie sarvajJa honA anivArya mAnA gayA hai aura dharmajJatA ko sarvajJatA ke hI antargata svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jainadarzana meM Izvara / bhagavAn ko anAdi nahIM mAnA apitu sAdi mAnA hai / bhagavAn janmate nahIM, banate haiM / bhagavAn / Izvara eka nahIM apitu ananta haiM / vartamAna meM bhagavAn tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA zAsana hai| jo tIrthaMkara hote haiM, ve niyama se bhagavAn / Izvara hote hI haiM, parantu jo bhagavAn / Izvara haiM, ve tIrthaMkara niyama se banate hI hoM, - yaha jarUrI nahIM hai; kyoMki tIrthaMkara avasarpiNI- utsarpiNI pratyeka kAla meM 2424 hI hote haiM, jabaki bhagavAn / Izvara usa pratyeka kAla meM ananta ho jAte haiM, arthAt tIrthaMkara hue binA bhI bhagavAn / Izvara banA jA sakatA hai| jo bhI AtmA dharma kA Azraya lekara dharmajJa hai, vahI sarvajJa hai, aura jo sarvajJa hai vahI bhagavAn / Izvara / tIrthaMkara hai / jainadarzana kI sarvajJatA, AtmajJatA se phalita hai arthAt AtmajJa ko hI sarvajJa kahA hai, jo sarvajJa hai, vahI Izvara hai / jaina manISiyoM ne guNoM ke AdhAra para apane upAsya ko svIkAra karane kI bAta kahI hai| jainoM kA Izvara mAnavatA kA caramotkarSa hai| mAnava ke Upara Izvara kA koI astitva nahIM hai| jainadArzanika kahate haiM ki samIcIna puruSArtha karane para pratyeka AtmA paramAtmA / Izvara / bhagavAn bana sakatI hai| aba taka ananta AtmAe~ paramAtmA/bhagavAn / Izvara bana cukI haiM, bana bhI rahI haiM aura banatI rhegiiN| isa prakAra jainadarzana meM kisI eka Izvara kI Izvara sambandhI jaina avadhAraNA :: 53 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #60
kalpanA svIkAra nahIM hai aura na hI yaha svIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai ki koI bhI Izvara kisI bhI padArtha meM apanI icchA se kucha bhI karane ke lie samartha hotA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra Izvara kI icchA honA hI asambhaka hai, kyoMki Izvara to vItarAga aura sarvajJa hotA hai, jo sArI vastuoM ko jAnakara bhI unake prati vItarAga bhAva se nirAkula hokara apane anantaguNa svarUpa aizvarya meM nimagna rahatA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadArzanikoM ke Izvara ke viSaya meM jo avadhAraNA hai, vaha anAdikAla se Aja taka eka-sI hI banI huI hai| jo Izvara ke viSaya meM kundakunda AcArya ne kahA, vahI bAta bAda vAle AcAryoM ne bhI kahI hai| paraspara meM kisI bhI prakAra virodha nahIM hai, parantu anya matAvalambiyoM ke dArzanikoM meM pUrvApara- virodha dekhane ko prApta hotA hai| ata: anya darzanoM kI apekSA jainadarzana meM Izvara kA svarUpa spaSTa rUpa se prApta hotA hai aura yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jainadarzana sRSTikartA ke rUpa meM Izvara nahIM mAnatA hai, parantu Izvara avazya svIkAra karatA hai| sandarbha 1. nyAyakumudacandra parizIlana, pro. udayacandra jaina, prAcya zramaNa bhAratI, mujaphpharanagara pR. 8-13 2. sarasvatI rahasyopaniSad zlo. 16-17 3. zvetAzvataropaniSad 312-11, 4/12-15 4. zAGkarabhASya (brahmasUtra) 3/2/41 5. tadeva 2/1/34; 2/3/41-42 6. nyAyadarzana, vAtsyAyana bhASya, saM. dvArikAdAsa zAstrI, cau. saM. sI. 1770 4,1,20, 21 7. vaizeSikasUtra, 9,1,11-13 8. nyAyavArtika tAtparyaTIkA, saM. rAmezvara zAstrI, cau.saM.sI. vArANasI 1925 4,1,21 9. sA. kA. 57 10. sA. pra. bhA. maMgalAcaraNa 2 11. dIyatAM mokSado hariH, 1 vahI 61 54 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #61
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org NamokAra mahAmantra tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM Namo AiriyANaM / Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe savva sAhUNaM / / rAkeza jaina zAstrI artha - loka meM saba arhantoM ko namaskAra ho, saba siddhoM ko namaskAra ho, saba AcAryoM ko namaskAra ho, saba upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra ho aura saba sAdhuoM ko namaskAra ho / yaha namaskAra mantra paMca parameSThiyoM ko namaskAra karane vAlA mahAmantra hai / arhantAdi pA~coM parama pada anAdi se pUjyatA lie hue haiM, isalie jaina paramparA meM yaha anAdi mahAmantra bhI kahalAtA hai / yadyapi NamokAra mantra ke ye jo pada haiM, ve 'SaTkhaNDAgama' nAmaka mahAna grantha ke maMgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM nibaddha haiM, tathApi vartamAna yuga meM pracalita mantra AcArya puSpadanta munirAja dvArA racita hone se nibaddha maMgala hai| anAdi se pUjya paramapada pA~ca hI haiM aura ve arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu hI haiM, ataH ina ko namaskAra karane vAlA mantra anAdi se hI prasiddhi ko prApta hai I mahAmantra kI mahAnatA yahI hai ki isameM kisI prakAra kI koI bhI kAmanA nahIM rakhI gayI hai| kisI vyakti vizeSa ko bhI namaskAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| vItarAga dazA ko prApta jo bhI mahApuruSa haiM, ve sabhI isa mantra meM namaskRta haiN| kisI panthasampradAya, mata-matAntara ke anuyAyiyoM se bhI isakA koI sambandha nahIM hai, ataeva yaha vizvamantra ke rUpa meM bhI prasiddha hai / isa NamokAra mahAmantra kI mahimA sUcaka chanda bhI ati - prasiddha hai eso paMca NamoyAro savva pAvappaNAsaNo / maMgalANaM ca savvesiM paDhamaM hodi maMgalaM / / arthAt yaha paMca namaskAra mantra saba pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA hai aura saba maMgaloM meM pahalA maMgala hai 1 For Private And Personal Use Only tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga :: 55

Page #62
arhantAdi paMca parama pada haiM, unakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai arhanta-jinhoMne gRhasthapanA tyAgakara, munidharma aMgIkAra kara, nija svabhAva sAdhana dvArA, cAra ghAti karmoM kA kSaya karake ananta catuSTaya (anantadarzana, anantajJAna, anantasukha, ananta vIrya) rUpa avasthA pAyI hai, ve arhanta haiN| ___ jinAMgama meM arhanta ke 46 guNoM (vizeSatAoM) kA varNana hai, unameM se kucha vizeSaNa to zarIrAdi se sambandha rakhate haiM aura kucha AtmA se| 46 guNoM meM se 10 to janma ke atizaya haiM, jo zarIra se sambandha rakhate haiN| 10 kevalajJAna ke atizaya haiM, ve bAhya puNya-sAmagrI se sambandhita haiM tathA 14 devakRta atizaya haiM jo spaSTa hI devoM ke dvArA kie hae haiN| ye saba guNa tIrthaMkara arhantoM ke hI hote haiM, saba arhantoM ke nhiiN| ATha pratihArya bhI bAhya-vibhUti haiM; kintu ananta-catuSTaya AtmA se sambandha rakhate haiM, ata: ve pratyeka arhanta ke hote haiN| ataH nizcaya se ve hI arhanta ke guNa haiN| siddha-jo gRhastha avasthA kA tyAgakara, munidharma kI sAdhanA dvArA cAra ghAti karmoM kA nAza hone para ananta catuSTaya prakaTa karake, kucha samaya bAda aghAti karmoM ke nAza hone para, samasta anya dravyoM kA sambandha chUTa jAne para, pUrNa mukta ho gaye haiN| loka ke agrabhAga meM kiMcita nyUna puruSAkAra meM virAjamAna ho gaye haiN| jinake dravyakarma, bhAvakarma aura nokarma kA abhAva hone se samasta Atmika guNa prakaTa ho gaye haiM, ve siddha haiN| unake 8 guNa kahe gaye haiM samakita darzana jJAna agurulaghu avgaahnaa| sUkSama vIrajavAna nirAbAdha guNa siddha ke|| ___ (1) kSAyika samyaktva, (2) ananta darzana, (3) anantajJAna, (4) agurulaghutva, (5) avagAhanatva, (6) sUkSmatva, (7) anantavIrya aura (8) avyAbAdha / AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu kA sAmAnya svarUpa __AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu sAmAnyataH sAdhu rUpa meM hI pUjya haiN| jo virAgI hokara, samasta parigraha kA tyAga karake, zuddhopayoga rUpa munidharma aMgIkAra karake, aMtaraMga meM zuddhopayoga dvArA apane ko Apa rUpa anubhava karate haiM, apane upayoga ko bahuta nahIM bhramAte haiM, jinake kadAcit mandarAga ke udaya meM zubha-upayoga bhI hotA hai, parantu use bhI heya mAnate haiM, tIvra kaSAya kA abhAva hone se azubhopayoga kA to astitva hI nahIM rahatA hai-aise munirAja hI sacce sAdhu haiN| AcArya-jo samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI adhikatA se pradhAna pada prApta karake munisaMgha ke nAyaka hue haiM, tathA jo mukhya rUpa se to nirvikalpa svarUpAcaraNa meM hI magna rahate haiM, para kabhI-kabhI rAgAMza ke udaya se karuNA buddhi ho, 56 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #63
Namo arihaMtANaM Namo siddhANaM Namo AyariyANaM Namo uvajjhAyANaM Namo loe savvasAhUNaM For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #64
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org to dharma ke lobhI anya jIvoM ko dharmopadeza dete haiM, dIkSA lene vAle ko yogya jAna dIkSA dete haiM, apane doSa prakaTa karane vAle ko prAyazcita vidhi se zuddha karate haiMaisA AcaraNa karane aura karAne vAle AcArya kahalAte haiM / AcArya ke 36 guNa vizeSa haiM Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 12 tapa anazana, Unodara, vRtti parisaMkhyAna, rasa parityAga, viviktazaiyAsana, kAya kleza rUpa 6 bahiraMga tapa tathA prAyazcita, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura dhyAna rUpa 6 aMtaraMga tapa / 6 Avazyaka * sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vandanA, svAdhyAya, pratikramaNa, aura kAyotsarga | 5 AcAra - darzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa aura vIrya / 10 dharma - uttamakSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya aura brahmacarya / 3 gupti - manogupti, vacanagupti, kAyagupti / upAdhyAya - - jo bahuta jaina zAstroM ke jJAtA hokara saMgha meM paThana-pAThana ke adhikArI hue haiM tathA jinakI samasta zAstroM ke sAra AtmasvarUpa meM ekAgratA hai, adhikatara to usameM lIna rahate haiM, kabhI-kabhI rAgAMza- kaSAyAMza ke udaya se yadi upayoga vahA~ sthira na rahe, to una zAstroM ko svayaM par3hate haiM, auroM ko par3hAte haiM - ve upAdhyAya haiN| ye mukhyataH dvAdazAMga ke pAThI hote haiM / - upAdhyAya parameSThI ke 25 guNa vizeSa kahe jAte haiM 11 aMga - AcArAMgajJAna, sUtrakRtAMgajJAna, sthAnAMgajJAna, samavAyAMgajJAna, vyAkhyAprajJapti aMgajJAna, jJAtR dharmakathAMgajJAna, upAsakAdhyayanAMgajJAna, antaH kRddazAM gajJAna, anuttaropapAdikadazAMgajJAna, praznavyAkaraNAMgajJAna, vipAkasUtrAMgajJAna / 14 pUrva jJAna - utpAdapUrva, AgrAyaNIyapUrva, vIryAnuvAdapUrva, astinAstipravAdapUrva, jJAnapravAdapUrva, satyapravAdapUrva, AtmapravAdapUrva, karmapravAdapUrva, pratyAkhyAnapravAdapUrva, vidyAnuvAdapUrva, kalyANanAmadheyapUrva, prANAvAyapUrva, kriyAvizAlapUrva, lokabindusArapUrva / sAdhu - AcArya, upAdhyAya ko chor3akara anya samasta jo munidharma ke dhAraka haiM aura AtmasvabhAva ko sAdhate haiM, bAhya 28 mUlaguNoM ko akhaNDita pAlate haiM, samasta Arambha aura aMtaraMga - bahiraMga parigraha se rahita hote haiN| sadA jJAna-dhyAna meM lavalIna rahate haiM, sAMsArika prapaMcoM se sadA dUra rahate haiM, unheM sAdhu parameSThI kahate haiM / sAdhu parameSThI ke ye 28 mUlaguNa prasiddha haiM 5 mahAvrata ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvrata / 5 samiti - IrSyA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAna-nikSepaNa aura pratiSThApanA samiti / 5 indriyavijaya - sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu, aura karNendriyavijaya / tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga :: 57 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #65
6 Avazyaka - samatA, stuti, vandanA, pratikramaNa, svAdhyAya aura kaayotsrg| 7 zeSaguNa - asnAna, bhUmizayana, vastratyAga, kezaluMcana, dina meM eka bAra alpa bhojana grahaNa, adanta dhovana aura khar3e-khar3e AhAra lenaa| arhantAdi ukta pA~coM parameSThiyoM kA yahI svarUpa sarvadA, sarvatra ke lie hai| lakSaNa to sthAyI hote haiM, cAhe kAla parivartita ho yA kSetra kI bhinnatA ho| vizva meM AtmArAdhanA se utpanna sukha prApta karane vAle jIva sadaiva inhIM lakSaNoM sahita hote haiN| ukta parameSThI hI maMgala, uttama evaM zaraNabhUta haiN| maMgala arthAt jo moha-rAga-dveSa rUpI pApoM ko galAve aura saccA sukha utpanna kare, vaha hI maMgala hai| uttama arthAt jo loka meM sabase mahAna hoM, ve hI uttama haiN| aura zaraNa arthAt shaaraa| tAtparya yaha hai ki hameM inhIM kI zaraNa meM jAnA caahie| ina maMgala, uttama, zaraNa kA prasiddha pATha nimna hai cattAri maMgalaM, arahaMtA maMgalaM, siddhA maMgalaM, sAhU maMgalaM, kevalipaNNatto dhammo mNglN| ___cattAri loguttamA, arahaMtA loguttamA, siddhA loguttamA, sAhU loguttamA, kevalipaNNatto dhammo loguttmo| cattAri saraNaM pavvajjAmi arahaMte saraNaM pavvajjAmi, siddhe saraNaM pavvajjAmi, sAhU saraNaM pavvagjAmi, kevalipaNNattaM dhammaM saraNaM pvvjjaami| arthAt loka meM cAra maMgala haiM-arhanta bhagavAna maMgala haiM, siddhabhagavAna maMgala haiM, sAdhu mahArAja maMgala haiM aura kevalI bhagavAna dvArA batAyA gayA vItarAga dharma maMgala hai| loka meM cAra uttama haiN| arhanta bhagavAna uttama haiM, siddha bhagavAna uttama haiM, sAdhu mahArAja uttama haiM aura kevalI bhagavAna dvArA batAyA gayA vItarAga dharma uttama hai| maiM cAroM kI zaraNa meM jAtA huuN| arhanta bhagavAna kI zaraNa meM jAtA hU~, siddha bhagavAna kI zaraNa meM jAtA hU~, sAdhu mahArAja kI zaraNa meM jAtA hU~ aura kevalI bhagavAna dvArA batAe gaye vItarAgI dharma kI zaraNa meM jAtA huuN| ukta paMcaparameSThI kI pUjyatA aura arhanta, siddha, sAdhu va dharma kI maMgalamayatA, uttamatA aura zaraNabhUtapanA eka hI bAta hai| ___ yadyapi maMgala, uttama va zaraNa meM AcArya va upAdhyAya parameSThI kA nAma nahIM hai mAtra sAdhu mahArAja kA ullekha hai tathA ina ke atirikta kevalI praNIta dharma kA nAma vizeSa rUpa se samAhita kiyA gayA hai, tathApi AcArya va upAdhyAya parameSThI bhI munirAja (sAdhu) hI haiM, ataeva ve to pUjyatA meM sammilita haiM hii| nirvikalpa dazA meM sabhI maMgalottamazaraNa rUpa haiN| samAdhi aMgIkAra karane ke lie AcArya, upAdhyAya pada se mukta hokara sAmAnya sAdhupane mAtra se hI saphalatA hotI hai| 58 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #66
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org kaivalyaprApti ke lie to atyanta nirvikalpa, nirbhAra hokara Atma- tanmayatA hI Avazyaka hotI hai / ataeva AcArya va upAdhyAya kA ullekha maMgala, uttama, zaraNa meM pRthak rUpa se nahIM kiyA gayA hai 1 paMcaparameSThiyoM meM sarvaprathama arhanta pada ke mAdhyama se do prakAra ke kevaliyoM kA ullekha hai, jise 'sAmAnya kevalI' aura 'tIrthaMkara kevalI' rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| donoM meM kucha antara hai / sAmAnya kevalI mAtra bhagavAna rUpa meM tathA tIrthaMkara kevalI tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke rUpa meM pUjita hote haiM / sAmAnya kevalIpanA kinhIM bhI AtmAzrita nirvikalpa munirAja ko prakaTa ho jAtA hai, kintu tIrthaMkara kevalIpanA to vizeSa puNyodaya ke sAtha rahate hue AtmAzrita nirvikalpatA meM hI hotA hai| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir tIrthaMkara kA svarUpa kucha vizeSatAoM se sampanna hotA hai / jo dharma - tIrtha (mukti kA mArga) kA upadeza dete haiM, samavasaraNa Adi vibhUti se yukta hote haiM aura jinako tIrthaMkara nAmakarma nAma kA mahApuNya kA udaya hotA hai, unheM tIrthaMkara kahate haiN| ye caubIsa hote haiM / 16. zAntinAtha 19. mallinAtha 22. neminAtha pratyeka avasarpiNI, utsarpiNI kAla meM caubIsa caubIsa kI saMkhyA meM bharata evaM airAvata kSetra meM alaga-alaga tIrthaMkara hote haiN| anAdi se abataka aisI ananta caubIsiyA~ ho cukI haiN| isa prakAra anAdi paramparA meM ananta to bhagavAna hue haiM aura ananta hI tIrthaMkara ho cuke haiN| bhagavAna hone para punarjanma kA nAza ho jAtA hai / sarva karma-kalaMkoM se chUTane para punaH isa kalaMkamayI saMsAra avasthA meM koI vApasa nahIM AtA hai| vartamAna avasarpiNI ke caturthakAla meM caubIsa tIrthaMkara hue haiM, jinake nAma ye haiM1. RSabhadeva (AdinAtha) 2. ajitanAtha 3. sambhavanAtha 4. abhinandana nAtha 6. padmaprabha 5. sumatinAtha 8. candrapabha 7. supArzvanAtha 9. puSpadanta (suvidhinAtha) 10. zItalanAtha 11. zreyAMsanAtha 12. vAsupUjya 13. vimalanAtha 14. anantanAtha 15. dharmanAtha 17. kunthunAtha 18. aranAtha 20. munisuvratanAtha 21. naminAtha 23. pArzvanAtha 24. mahAvIra (vIra, ativIra, sanmati evaM vrddhmaan)| ukta sabhI tIrthaMkara mahApuruSa paMca kalyANaka pUjita hote haiM / inakA vistRta varNana purANagranthoM meM milatA hai, vahA~ se dRSTavya hai / saMkSepa meM pramukha - pramukha paricaya isa prakAra hai-- jainAgama meM pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke jIvanakAla meM pA~ca prasiddha ghaTanAoM va ghaTanAsthaloM tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga :: 59 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #67
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kA ullekha milatA hai| unheM paMcakalyANaka ke nAma se kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki ye avasara jagata ke lie atyanta kalyANamayI va maMgalakArI hote haiN| jo jIvoM ke kalyANa meM nimitta hote haiM ve hI kalyANaka kahe jAte haiM / ve pA~ca avasara haiM--garbhAvataraNa, janma-dhAraNa, dIkSA, kevalajJAna-prApti evaM mokSasamprApti / 1. garbha kalyANaka - tIrthaMkara prabhu ke garbha meM Ane ke chaha mAha pUrva se lekara janma samaya paryanta 15 mAha taka unake janma sthAna meM kubera dvArA indra AjJA se pratidina tIna bAra 3.5 karor3a divya ratnoM kI varSA hotI rahatI hai| dikkumArI deviyA~ mAtA kI paricaryA garbhazodhana karatI haiN| garbha vAle dina se pUrva rAtri meM mAtA ko 16 uttama svapna dikhAyI dete haiM, jina para tIrthaMkara prabhu ke avataraNa kA nizcaya kara mAtA- pitA prasanna hote haiM / yadyapi garbha meM AnA jIva ke lie kalaMka svarUpa ginA jAtA hai, phira bhI antima garbha hone se kalyANakoM meM ginA jAtA hai / una solaha svapnoM ke nAma va phala isa prakAra haiM- 1. hAthI ke dekhane se uttama putra hogA, 2. uttama baila ke dekhane se samasta loka meM jyeSTha, 3. siMha ke dekhane se ananta bala se yukta, 4. mAlAoM ke dekhane se samIcIna dharma kA pravartaka, 5. lakSmI ke dekhane se sumeru parvata ke mastaka para devoM dvArA abhiSeka ko prApta, 6. pUrNa candramA ko dekhane se logoM ko Ananda dene vAlA, 7. sUrya ko dekhane se daidIpyamAna prabhA kA dhAraka, 8. do kalaza (yugala) dekhane se aneka nidhi ko prApta, 9. machaliyoM kA yugala dekhane se sukhI hogA, 10. sarovara ko dekhane se aneka lakSaNoM se zobhita, 11. samudra ke dekhane se kevalI, 12. siMhAsana dekhane se jagadguru hokara sAmrAjya prApta karegA, 13. devoM kA vimAna dekhane se svarga se avatIrNa, 14. nAgendra kA bhavana dekhane se avadhijJAna se yukta, 15. camakate ratnoM kI rAzi dekhane se guNoM kI khAna aura 16. nirdhUma agni dekhane se karma rUpI IMdhana ko jalAne vAlA tIrthaMkara avatarita hone vAle haiM / yaha nirNaya hotA hai / zvetAmbara paramparA meM 16 svapnoM ke sthAna para 14 svapnoM kA ullekha hai| 2. janmakalyANaka--garbhAvataraNa kA 9 mAha kA kAla pUrA hone para sarvottama muhUrta meM bAla tIrthaMkara kA janma hone para devabhavanoM va svargoM Adi meM svayaM ghaNTe (anahada nAda) bajane lagate haiM aura indroM ke Asana kampAyamAna ho jAte haiM, jisase unheM tIrthaMkara ke janma kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai| sabhI indra va deva janmotsava manAne ko bar3I dhUmadhAma se pRthvI para Ate haiN| ahamindra jana apane-apane sthAna para hI sAta paga Age jAkara bAla- tIrthaMkara ko parokSa rUpa se namaskAra karate haiN| dikkumArI deviyA~ tIrthaMkara prabhu kA jAtakarma karatI haiN| kubera nagara kI adbhuta zobhA karatA hai / indra kI AjJA se indrANI (zaci) prasUtigRha meM jAtI hai| mAtA ko mAyA - nidrA se sulAkara unake pAsa eka mAyAmayI tIrthaMkara - bAlavat putalA liTA detI hai aura bAlaka tIrthaMkara ko lAkara apalaka 60 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #68
atRpta nayanoM se dekhate hue indra kI goda meM de detI hai, jo unakA saundarya dekhate hue 1000 netra banAkara bhI santuSTa nahIM hotaa| airAvata hAthI para bAlaprabhu ko lekara indra sumeruparvata kI ora calatA hai| vahA~ pahu~cakara pANDukazilA para bAla-prabhu kA kSIrasAgara se devoM dvArA lAe gaye jala ke 1008 kalazoM dvArA janmAbhiSeka karatA hai| tadanantara bAlaka ko vastrAbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta kara nagara meM devoM sahita mahAna utsava ke sAtha praveza karatA hai| bAlaka ke aMgUThe meM amRta kSepaNa karake tANDava nRtya Adi aneka mAyAmayI AzcaryakArI lIlAe~ prakaTa kara apanI bhakti samarpita karate hue devaloka ko lauTa jAtA hai| dikkumArI deviyA~ bhI apane-apane sthAna ko calI jAtI haiN| 3. tapakalyANaka-kucha kAla taka rAjya vibhUti kA bhoga kara lene ke pazcAt kisI eka dina koI vairAgyajanaka kAraNa pAkara kumAra yA rAjA tIrthaMkara ko vairAgya utpanna hotA hai| usa samaya brahma svarga se bAla brahmacArI eka bhavAvatArI laukAntika deva bhI Akara unake vairAgya kI anumodanA karate haiN| indra unakA abhiSeka karake unheM vastrAbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta karatA hai| kubera dvArA nirmita pAlakI meM prabhu virAjamAna hote haiN| isa pAlakI ko pahale to vidyAdhara va bhUmi-gocarI manuSya kandhoM para lekara kucha dUra pRthvI para calate haiM, phira deva loga lekara AkAza mArga se vana-jaMgala meM pahu~cate haiN| tapovana meM pahu~cakara prabhu samasta vastrAlaMkAra tyAgakara rAga-dveSa se mukta hote hue kezoM kA paMcamuSTi se luMcana kara dete haiM aura 'namaH siddhebhyaH' uccAraNa karate hue nagna digambara mudrA dhAraNa kara svayaM dIkSita hote haiM, anya bhI aneka rAjA unake sAtha svayaM dIkSita ho jAte haiN| indra una luMcita kezoM ko eka maNimaya piTAre meM rakha kara kSIrasAgara meM kSepaNa karatA hai| dIkSAsthAna tIrthasthAna bana jAtA hai| tIrthaMkara munirAja belA, telA Adi upavAsa-niyama-pUrvaka AhAracaryA ke lie nagara meM jAte haiM aura yathAvidhi, ekabAra, khar3e-khar3e, alpamAtrA meM, prAsuka AhAra grahaNa karate haiN| dAtAra ke ghara paMcAzcarya prakaTa hote haiN| yaha to bahiraMga sabako dikhAI dene vAlA dRzya hai| ve to svayaM nirantara AtmonmukhatA rUpa puruSArtha dvArA Atmottha, sthAyI, atIndriyasukha kA rasa-pAna karate rahate haiN| ___4. jJAnakalyANaka-yathAkrama AtmadhyAna kI nirantaratA rUpa mahApuruSArtha dvArA mokSa kI zreNiyA~ car3hate hue kSapaka zreNI ArUr3ha ho pracura svasaMvedana ke bala se moha kA nAza karate hue cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kA nAza ho jAne para prabhu kevalajJAnI bhagavAna bana jAte haiN| anantadarzana, anantajJAna, anantasukha aura anantavIrya rUpa anantacatuSTaya kI svAdhIna, sthAyI lakSmI ko prApta kara lete haiM, taba puSpavRSTi, dundubhi zabda, azokavRkSa, ca~vara, bhAmaNDala, chatratraya, svarNasiMhAsana, aura divya-dhvani rUpa ATha prAtihArya susajjita hote haiN| vartamAna zarIra parivartita hokara paramaudArika ho jAtA hai| aba prabhu arhanta avasthA meM 46 guNoM sahita virAjate haiN| indra kI AjJA se kubera divya samavasaraNa racatA hai, jisakI vicitra racanA se jagata cakita hotA hai| 12 sabhAoM meM yathAsthAna munirAja, tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga :: 61 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #69
AryikA, zrAvaka-zrAvikA, deva-deviyA~, manuSya, tiryaJca Adi sabhI baiThakara paraspara ke viruddha bhAva se rahita hokara bhagavAna ke divya upadezAmRta kA pAna kara samyaktva se jIvana saphala karate haiN| bhagavAna kA vihAra bahuta hI dhUmadhAma se hotA hai| yAcakoM ko kimicchika dAna puNyazAliyoM dvArA diyA jAtA hai| bhagavAna ke zrIcaraNoM ke nIce devaloga sahasra dala svarNa kamaloM kI racanA karate haiN| bhagavAna inako bhI sparza na karake Upara AkAza meM hI calate haiN| Age-Age dharmacakra calatA hai| bAje-nagAr3e bajate haiN| samasta pRthvI ItibhIti rahita ho jAtI hai| indra rAjAoM ke sAtha Age-Age jaya-jayakAra karate calate haiN| mArga meM sundarakrIDA sthAna banAe jAte haiN| mArga zrRMgAra, kalaza, darpaNa, ca~vara, dhvajA, vIjanA, chatra aura supratiSTha -aSTa maMgala dravyoM se zobhita rahatA hai| bhAmaNDala, chatra, ca~vara svata: sAtha-sAtha calate haiN| RSigaNa pIche-pIche calate haiN| indra pratihAra banatA hai| aneka nidhiyA~ sAtha-sAtha calatI haiN| virodhI jIva bhI paraspara kA vaira-virodha bhUla jAte haiM, andhe-baharoM ko bhI dikhane-sunane laga jAtA hai| samavasaraNa meM mukhyataH gaNadhara munirAja kI upasthiti meM bhavya jIvoM ke mahAbhAgya se prabhu kI bhava-tApa hArI OMkAramayI divya-dhvani sarvAMga se khiratI hai, jisameM vastu tattva kA samagra guNa-paryAyamayI utpAdavyaya-dhrauvya yukta paricaya karAyA jAtA hai| 5. nirvANakalyANaka-deha viyoga kA antima samaya Ane para bhagavAna yoga-nirodha dvArA vyuparata kriyA nivRtti nAmaka parama zukla dhyAna meM nizcalatA kara zeSa cAra aghAtiyA karmoM kA bhI kSaya kara dete haiM aura nirvANa dhAma ko prApta hote haiN| devagaNa nirvANa kalyANaka kI pUjA karate haiM aura deha kapUra kI bhA~ti ur3a jAtA hai, indra usa sthAna para bhagavAna ke lakSaNoM se yukta siddha kSetra kA nirmANa karatA hai| prabhu zAzvata rUpa se siddhadhAma ke vAsI hokara nirantara atIndriya Anandamaya ho jAte haiN| jinAgama aura anuyoga vItarAgI sarvajJatA ko prApta jinendra bhagavAna hI jina haiM, aura una jinendra bhagavAna ke nirmala jJAna meM jaisA vastu kA svarUpa jAnane meM AyA, vaisA hI unhoMne indroM va gaNadhara munirAjoM kI upasthiti meM jagat ke samakSa divyadhvani dvArA batAyA, vahI jinavANI hai| gaNadhara deva ne use apane mahAna jJAna se dvAdazAMga jinAgama ke rUpa meM guuNthaa| anantara, zruta kevalI munirAjoM kI paramparA ke bhI abhAva hone para zrutajJAna kI alpatA meM dvAdazAMga jinAgama ko AcAryoM ne sarala-sarasa paddhati meM bA~TA, jise anuyoga kahA gyaa| usameM kahA gayA hai isa bhava taru kA mUla ika jAnahu mithyaabhaav| tAkau kari nirmUla aba kariye mokSa upaav|| 62 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #70
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir isa saMsAra rUpI vRkSa kI jar3a eka mithyAtva hI hai, usako jar3a mUla se naSTa karake hI mokSa kA upAya kiyA jA sakatA hai| mithyAtva bairI kA to aMza bhI burA hai / isalie sUkSma mithyAtva bhI tyAgane yogya hI hai / yadyapi jinavANI meM to mithyAtva ke abhAva kA hI upadeza hai, to bhI jaba taka jIva jinavANI ke abhyAsa kI yA usake artha ko samajhane kI paddhati yathArtha nahIM jAnatA, vaha isake marma ko to samajha nahIM pAtA, ulTA apanI hI kalpanA se anyathA samajhatA rahatA hai, ataH mithyAtva puSTa hotA rahatA hai, chUTa nahIM pAtA hai / pratyeka kAma karane kA aura pratyeka bAta samajhane kA apanA eka tarIkA hotA hai / jaba taka hama usa tarIke ko na samajha leM, taba taka koI bhI kAma acchI taraha se na to kara hI sakate haiM aura na koI bAta sahI rUpa meM samajha hI sakate haiN| jinavANI meM nizcaya - vyavahAra rUpa varNana hai / nizcaya vyavahAra kA sahI svarUpa na samajha pAne ke kAraNa sAmAnyajana usake marma ko nahIM samajha pAte haiM / isI samasyA kA samAdhAna nikAlane ke lie jinavANI ko cAra anuyogoM kI paddhati meM vibhakta karake likhA gayA hai| pratyeka anuyoga kI apanI-apanI paddhati alaga-alaga hai| jaba taka hama usa paddhati ko samajheMge nahIM, taba taka jinavANI ko par3hane para bhI usake marma ko nahIM jAna pAyeMge / saMkSepa meM, nizcaya, vyavahAra nayoM kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai yathArtha kA nAma nizcaya hai aura upacAra kA nAma vyavahAra athavA isa prakAra bhI kaha sakate haiM ki " eka dravya ke bhAva ko usa svarUpa hI nirUpaNa karanA nizcaya naya hai aura usa dravya ke bhAva ko anya dravya ke bhAva svarUpa varNana karanA vyavahAra naya hai / " vyavahAranaya svadravya-paradravya ko, unake bhAvoM ko va kAraNa-kAryAdika ko kisI ko kisI meM milA kara nirUpaNa karatA hai| nizcayanaya unhIM ko yathAvat nirUpaNa karatA hai, kisI ko kisI meM nahIM milAtA hai| jaise- jinavANI meM vyavahAra se nara-nAraka Adi paryAya ko jIva kahA so paryAya hI ko jIva nahIM mAna lenA / nara-nArakAdi paryAya to jIva pudgala ke saMyoga rUpa hai, vahA~ nizcaya se jIvadravya bhinna hai, usako hI jIva mAnanA caahie| jIva ke saMyoga se zarIrAdi ko bhI upacAra se jIva kahA, so kathana mAtra hI hai, paramArtha se zarIrAdika jIva nahIM hote / aise hI abheda AtmA meM jJAna - darzanAdi bheda kie, so AtmA ko bheda rUpa hI nahIM mAna lenA cAhie; kyoMki bheda to samajhAne ke lie kie haiN| nizcaya se AtmA abheda hI hai, usI ko jIva - vastu mAnanA cAhie / saMjJA - saMkhyAdi se bheda kahe, so kathana mAtra hI hai, paramArtha se bhinna-bhinna vastu nahIM / tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga :: 63 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #71
isI prakAra paradravya kA nimitta arthAt para kI ora kA lakSya chur3Ane ke lie vrata, zIla, saMyamAdi rUpa vyavahAra ko mokSamArga kahA, so inhIM ko mokSamArga nahIM mAnanA cAhie; kyoMki paradravya kA grahaNa-tyAga AtmA ke ho, to AtmA paradravya kA kartAhartA ho jAe; parantu koI dravya kisI dravya ke adhIna to hai nahIM, jo AtmA una paradravyoM kA grahaNa-tyAga kara ske| AtmA vAstava meM paradravyoM ke grahaNa tyAga kI kalpanA hI karatA hai| yadi ina kalpanAoM ko chor3e arthAt apanI jJAnAdi guNa yukta sattA ko apanI samajhe, to ina kalpanAoM kA udbhava hI na ho| isa prakAra AtmA apane svabhAva bhAva ke Azraya se ina rAgAdi vibhAvoM kA tyAgakara vItarAgI hotA hai| nizcaya se vItarAga bhAva hI mokSamArga hai| isIlie kahA jAtA hai ki jaba taka hama yaha na pahacAna pAe~ ki jinavANI meM jo kathana hai, usameM kauna to satyArtha hai aura kauna samajhAne ke lie vyavahAra se kahA gayA hai?... taba taka hama sabako eka-sA satyArtha mAnakara bhrama rUpa rahate haiN| ukta kathana para sIdhe hI prazna upasthita hotA hai ki to phira jinavANI meM vyavahAra kA kathana kiyA hI kyoM gayA hai? samAdhAna isa prakAra hai ki vyavahAra ke binA paramArtha ko samajhAyA hI nahIM jA sakatA, ataH asatyArtha hone para bhI jinavANI meM vyavahAra kA kathana AtA hai| nizcayanaya se to AtmA paradravyoM se bhinna, svabhAva se abhinna svayaMsiddha vastu hai| ise jo nahIM pahicAnate, unase isI prakAra kahate raheM to ve samajha nahIM paayeNge| ataH unheM samajhAne ke lie vyavahAra se zarIrAdika paradravyoM kI sApekSatA dvArA naranArakAdi rUpa jIva ke vizeSa kie tathA manuSyajIva, nArakIjIva Adi rUpa se jIva kI pahicAna kraaii| isI prakAra abhedavastu meM bheda utpanna karake smjhaayaa| jaisejIva ke jJAnAdi guNa-paryAya rUpa bheda karake spaSTa kiyA; jAne so jIva, dekhe so jiiv| AcArya kundakunda deva ne kahA hai jaha Navi sakkamaNajjo aNajjabhAsaM viNAdu gaaheuuN| taha vavahAreNa viNA para matthu vaesaNamasakkaM // 8 // samayasAra arthAt jisa prakAra mleccha bhASA ke binA mlecchoM ko samajhAyA nahIM jA sakatA, usI prakAra vyavahAra ke binA vyavahArI janoM ko nizcaya kA jJAna nahIM karAyA jA sakatA __isalie hamArA kartavya hai jahA~ nizcaya naya kI mukhyatA se kathana ho use to 'satyArtha aise hI hai' aisA jAnanA aura jahA~ vyavahAranaya kI mukhyatA se kathana ho use "aise hai nahIM, nimitta Adi kI apekSA upacAra kiyA hai' aisA jaannaa| vyavahAra naya mAtra para ko upadeza dene meM hI kAryakArI nahIM hai| jaba taka nizcayanaya 64 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #72
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir se prarUpita vastu ko svayaM na pahicAne, taba taka vyavahAra mArga se vastu kA nizcaya karanA cAhie / ataH nicalI dazA meM apane ko vyavahAranaya kAryakArI hai, parantu vyavahAra ko upacAra mAnakara usake dvArA vastu ko ThIka prakAra samajhe, taba to kAryakArI hai, kintu yadi nizcayavat vyavahAra ko bhI satyabhUta mAnakara 'isa prakAra hI hai' aisA zraddhAna kare, to ulTA akAryakArI ho jAe / " samayasAra grantha kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra deva likhate haiM- " evaM mlecchasthAnIyatvAt jagataH vyavahAra nayaH api mlecchabhASAsthAnIyatvena paramArtha pratipAdakatvAt upnysniiyH| atha ca brAhmaNo na mlecchitavyaH iti vacanAt vyavahAranayaH na anusartavyaH / / " gAthA 8 TIkA / / arthAta isa prakAra mleccha ke sthAnIya jagata ko vyavahAranaya bhI mlecchabhASA sthAnIya hone ke kAraNa paramArtha kA pratipAdaka hone se kathana karane yogya hai / ataH brAhmaNoM ko mleccha nahIM ho jAnA cAhie, isa vacana se vyavahAra naya anusaraNa karane yogya nahIM hai / niSkarSa ke rUpa meM kaheM to vyavahAra dvArA pratipAdita nizcaya svarUpa anusaraNa karane yogya hai, vyavahAra nahIM / isI prakAra cAroM anuyogoM ke kathana ko ThIka prakAra se na samajhane ke kAraNa vastu ke satyasvarUpa ko nahIM samajha pAte haiN| ataH cAroM anuyogoM ke vyAkhyAna kA vidhAna acchI taraha samajhanA cAhie / cAra anuyoga jinadharma kA upadeza vartamAna meM mukhya rUpa se cAra anuyogoM ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| vItarAgatA ke poSaNa ke lie kathana karane kI vidhi ko anuyoga kahate haiM / ve anuyoga cAra haiM- 1. prathamAnuyoga, 2. karaNAnuyoga, 3. caraNAnuyoga, 4. dravyAnuyoga / 1. prathamAnuyoga - jinazAstroM meM tIrthaMkara, cakravartI, balabhadra Adi mahApuruSoM ke caritra dvArA puNya-pApa ke phala kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai aura antataH vItarAgatA ko hitakara batAyA jAtA hai, unheM prathamAnuyoga ke zAstra kahate haiM / jaise Adi purANa, mahApurANa, uttarapurANa, padmapurANa, harivaMzapurANa Adi / 2. karaNAnuyoga - jina zAstroM meM atyanta sUkSma, kevalajJAnagamya guNasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna Adi rUpa jIva ke bhAvoM kA tathA karmoM aura tIna lokoM kA bhUgola sambandhI varNana hotA hai, ve karaNAnuyoga ke grantha kahalAte haiN| isameM gaNita kI mukhyatA rahatI hai; kyoMki gaNanA aura nApa kA varNana hotA hai| jaise- gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gommaTasAra karmakANDa, labdhisAra, trilokasAra grantha Adi / 3. caraNAnuyoga - jina zAstroM meM gRhastha aura munirAjoM ke AcaraNa sambandhI niyamoM kA varNana hotA hai| isa anuyoga meM jaise bhI yaha jIva pApa chor3akara dharma meM lage rAgAdi tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga :: 65 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #73
se bace aura vItarAgatA meM vRddhi kare, vaise hI aneka yuktiyoM se kathana kiyA jAtA hai| isameM subhASita, nIti zAstroM kI paddhati mukhya hai| ina granthoM meM sthUla buddhigocara kathana pAyA jAtA hai| jaise- mUlAcAra, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, puruSArthasiddhyupAya aadi| 4. dravyAnuyoga-jinazAstroM meM SaD dravya, paMcAstikAya, saptatattva, navapadArtha Adi kA tathA sva-para bhedavijJAna Adi kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai, ve dravyAnuyoga ke zAstra haiN| inameM caraNAnuyoga ke samAna buddhigocara kathana hotA hai; para caraNAnuyoga meM bAhyakriyA kI mukhyatA rahatI hai aura dravyAnuyoga meM AtmasvabhAva va pariNAmoM kI mukhyatA rahatI hai| dravyAnuyoga meM nyAya zAstra kI paddhati mukhya hai, kyoMki isameM tattvanirNaya karane kI mukhyatA hai aura nirNaya yukti va nyAya ke binA sambhava nahIM hotaa| jaise-paMcAstikAya saMgraha, samayasAra, pravacanasAra, dravyasaMgraha, tattvArthasUtra, nyAya dIpikA, parIkSAmukha, AptamImAMsA, paramAtmaprakAza ityaadi| __ 1. prathamAnuyoga ke vyAkhyAna kA vidhAna-prathamAnuyoga meM saMsAra kI vicitratA, puNya-pApa kA phala, mahApuruSoM kI pravRtti Adi batAkara jIvoM ko dharma meM lagAyA jAtA hai| prathamAnuyoga meM mUla kathAe~ to jaisI kI taisI hI hotI haiM, para unameM prasaMga prApta vyAkhyAna kucha jyauM-kA-tyauM aura kucha granthakartA ke vicArAnusAra hotA hai, parantu prayojana anyathA nahIM hotaa| jaise tIrthaMkaroM ke kalyANakoM meM indra Ae, yaha to satya hai, para indra ne jaisI stuti kI thI, ve zabda hUbahU vaise hI nahIM the, anya the| isI prakAra paraspara kinhIM ke vArtAlApa huA thA, so unake akSara to anya nikale the, granthakartA ne anya kahe, para prayojana eka hI poSate haiN| tathA kahIM-kahIM prasaMgarUpa kathAe~ bhI granthakartA apane vicArAnusAra likhate haiN| jaise-dharmaparIkSA meM mUoM kI kathAe~ likhIM, so vahI kathA manovega ne kahIM thI, aisA niyama nahIM haiM, kintu mUrkhapane ko poSaNa karane vAlI kahI thiiN| tathA prathamAnuyoga meM koI dharmabuddhi se anucita kArya kare, usakI bhI prazaMsA karate haiN| jaise-viSNukumAra jI ne dharmAnurAga se munirAjoM kA upasarga dUra kiyaa| munipada chor3akara yaha kArya karanA yogya nahIM thA, parantu vAtsalya aMga kI pradhAnatA se viSNukumAra jI kI prazaMsA kI hai| isa chala se auroM ko U~cA dharma chor3a kara nIcI pravRti aMgIkAra karanA yogya nahIM hai| ____putrAdika kI prApti ke lie athavA roga, kaSTAdika ko dUra karane ke lie stuti, pUjanAdi kArya karanA nikAMkSita aMga kA abhAva hone se evaM nidAna nAmaka ArtadhyAna hone se pApabandha kA kAraNa hai, kintu mohita hokara bahuta pApabandha kA kAraNa kudevAdika kA sevana to nahIM kiyA, ata: usakI prazaMsA kara dI hai| aisA chala kara auroM ko laukika kAryoM ke lie dharmasAdhana karanA yukta nahIM hai| 2. karaNAnuyoga ke vyAkhyAna kA vidhAna-karaNAnuyoga meM kevalajJAnagamya vastu kA 66 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #74
vyAkhyAna hai, kevalajJAna meM to sarva lokAloka jJAta huA hai, parantu isameM jIva ko kAryakArI, chadmastha ke jJAna meM A sake aisA nirUpaNa hotA hai| jaise jIva ke bhAvoM kI apekSA guNasthAna kahe haiM, so bhAva to ananta haiM, unheM to vANI se kahA nahIM jA sktaa| ata: bahuta bhAvoM kI eka jAti karake caudaha guNasthAna kahe haiN| karaNAnuyoga meM bhI kahIM upadeza kI mukhyatA sahita vyAkhyAna hotA hai, use sarvathA usI prakAra nahIM maannaa| jaise chur3Ane ke abhiprAya se hiMsAdika ke upAya ko kumatijJAna khaa| vAstava meM to mithyAdRSTi ke sabhI jJAna kujJAna haiM aura samyagdRSTi ke sabhI jJAna sujJAna haiN| 3. caraNAnuyoga ke vyAkhyAna kA vidhAna-caraNAnuyoga meM jisa prakAra jIvoM ke apanI buddhigocara dharma kA AcaraNa ho, vaisA upadeza diyA jAtA hai| isameM vyavahAranaya kI mukhyatA se kathana kiyA jAtA hai| nizcaya dharma meM to kucha grahaNa-tyAga kA vikalpa hI nhiiN| ata: isameM do prakAra se upadeza dete haiN| eka to mAtra vyavahAra kA aura eka nizcaya-sahita vyavahAra kaa| vyavahAra upadeza meM to bAhya kriyA kI pradhAnatA hotI hai, para nizcaya sahita vyavahAra ke upadeza meM pariNAmoM kI hI pradhAnatA hai| jina jIvoM ko nizcaya kA jJAna nahIM hai tathA upadeza dene para bhI hotA dikhAI nahIM detA, unheM to akele vyavahAra kA upadeza dete haiM, tathA jina jIvoM ko nizcaya sahita vyavahAra kA jJAna ho, athavA upadeza dene para sambhava ho, unheM nizcaya sahita vyavahAra kA upadeza dete haiM tathA caraNAnuyoga meM kahIM-kahIM kaSAyI jIvoM ko kaSAya utpanna karake bhI pApa chur3Ate haiN| jaise pApa kA phala narakAdi duHkha dikhAkara bhaya kaSAya utpanna karake tathA puNya kA phala svargAdika meM sukha dikhAkara lobha kaSAya utpanna karake dharmakAryoM meM lagAte haiN| isI prakAra zarIrAdika ko azuci dikhAkara jugupsA kaSAya karAte haiM aura putrAdika ko dhanAdika kA grAhaka batAkara dveSa karAtA-sA dikhAte haiN| pUjA, dAna, nAma-smaraNAdika kA phala putra-dhanAdi kI prApti kA lobha batAkara dharmakAryoM meM lagAte haiN| isa prakAra caraNAnuyoga meM vyAkhyAna hotA hai| ataH usakA prayojana jAnakara yathArtha zraddhAna karanA caahie| 4. dravyAnuyoga ke vyAkhyAna kA vidhAna-dravyAnuyoga meM jIvoM ko jIvAdi tattvoM kA yathArtha jJAna, zraddhAna jisa prakAra ho, usa prakAra vizeSa yukti, hetu, dRSTAntAdika se varNana karate haiM, kyoMki isameM yathArtha zraddhAna karAne kA prayojana hai| jaise sva-para bhedavijJAna ho, vaise jIva-ajIva kA; evaM jaise vItarAgabhAva ho, vaise AsravAdika kA varNana karate haiM, AtmAnubhava kI mahimA gAte haiM evaM vyavahAra kArya kA niSedha karate haiN| jo jIva AtmAnubhava kA upAya nahIM karate, aura bAhya kriyAkANDa meM hI magna haiM, unako vahA~ se udAsa karake AtmAnubhava Adi meM lagAne ko vrata, zIla, saMyamAdi kA hInapanA bhI prakaTa karate haiN| zubhopayoga kA niSedha azubhopayoma meM lagAne ke lie nahIM karate haiM, kintu tIrthaMkara paramparA, jinAgama aura anuyoga :: 67 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #75
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 68 :: jainadharma paricaya zuddhopayoga meM lagAne ke lie karate haiM / isa prakAra cAroM anuyogoM kI kathana paddhati alaga-alaga hai, para saba kA prayojana eka mAtra vItarAgatA kA poSaNa hai / kahIM to bahuta rAgAdi chur3Akara alpa rAgAdi karAne kA prayojana poSaNa kiyA hai / kahIM sarva rAgAdi chur3Ane kA poSaNa kiyA hai, kintu rAgAdi bar3hAne kA kahIM bhI prayojana nahIM haiN| isa prakAra saMkSepa meM, jisa prakAra se rAgAdi miTAne kA zraddhAna ho, vahI zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai| jisaprakara se rAgAdi miTAne kA jAnanA ho vahI jJAna samyagjJAna hai aura jisa prakAra se rAgAdi miTeM, vahI AcaraNa samyakcAritra hai / ataH pratyeka anuyoga kI paddhati kA yathArtha jJAna kara jinavANI ke rahasya ko samajhane kA yatna karanA cAhie / jinavANI meM kahIM bhI paraspara virodhI kathana hote nahIM haiN| hameM anuyogoM kI kathana paddhati evaM nizcaya - vyavahAra kA sahI jJAna nahIM hone se virodha bhAsita hotA hai| yadi hameM zAstroM ke artha samajhane kI paddhati kA jJAna ho jAe, to virodha pratIta nahIM hogA / ataH sadA Agama abhyAsa kA prayAsa rakhanA caahie| mokSamArga meM pahalA upAya AgamajJAna kahA hai| ata: hameM yathArtha buddhi se Agama kA abhyAsa karanA cAhie /

Page #76
zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva pro. bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara' jaina saMskRti kA svatantra svarUpa __ zramaNa jaina saMskRti vizaddha mAnavavAda para TikI bhAratIya saMskRti kA kadAcita prAcInatama svatantra dharma kI bAhikA hai, jisane ahiMsA aura aparigraha kA anupama sandeza dekara samasta prANi jagata ko rAhata kI sA~sa dI hai| samAnatA, AtmapuruSArtha, sarvodaya, karmavAda, Atma-svAtantrya Adi jaise mAnavIya siddhAntoM kI prasthApanA kara usane jAtivAda aura vargabheda kI abhedya dIvAroM ko dhvasta kara samAja meM eka abhUtapUrva cetanA dI hai| sAdhya-sAdhana kI pavitratA meM aTUTa AsthA paidA kara usane rASTrIya ekAtmakatA aura akhaMDatA ko janma diyA hai aura prANimAtra kI zakti ko pratiSThita kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, mAnavatAvAdI vicAradhArA ko sAhitya, kalA aura sthApatya meM aMkita kara usane vizvabandhutva, sauhArda, saMyama, sadbhAva aura pArasparika sahayoga kA agara pATha diyA hai aura ahiMsaka jIvana paddhati meM naye sUtra sa~joe haiN| zramaNa jaina saMskRti zrama, samatA, zama aura svakIya parizrama kA pratIka hai| isameM sAdhaka phailane yA vistAra karane/hone kI AkAMkSA nahIM karatA, balki vaha to AtmasAdhanA kara svayaM meM saMkucita hotA jAtA hai, sikur3atA jAtA hai sAMsArikatA se aura svayaM se base AtmA ke hI parama vizuddha rUpa paramAtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai| yahA~ avatAravAda nahIM, uttAravAda hai, parama samatA, AptatA aura vItarAgatA kI pratiSThA hai, jAti-vargaliMga-bheda-vihIna sAmAjikatA hai, saMkalpa aura saMgharSa hai, nivRtti-pradhAna jIvana hai, prArthanA nahIM, dhyAna kI mahattA hai| isIlie ise Aryadharma kahA gayA hai| yaha zramaNa jainadharma aura saMskRti bilkula svatantra saMskRti hai, vaidika yA bauddha saMskRti kA aMga nahIM hai| ataH sarvaprathama Arya-samasyA para vicAra kara lenA atyAvazyaka lagatA hai| Arya samasyA aura jaina saMskRti videzI vidvAnoM ne isa tathya kI sadA upekSA kI ki Arya bhArata se IrAna gaye, zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva :: 69 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #77
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jisakA ullekha avestA meM milatA hai (Vendidad. Fargard 1:1 ) / ye Arya saptasindhu pradeza meM rahate the, jo pazcima meM sindhu aura pUrva meM sarasvatI (ghaggara) ke bIca par3atA hai / ise ve bhaktizAt devanirmita pradeza kahate the / uttarakAla meM yaha Arya saMskRti har3appana saMskRti ke nAma se vikhyAta huI, jo haka pradeza (sarasvatI nadI kA pAkistAnavartI nimna vesina bhAga) meM phailI, aura phira vahA~ se rAjasthAna kI ora bddh'ii| yaha sarasvatI nadI bAda meM sindhu nadI meM mila gayI aura anya nadiyA~ (cinnava, ravi, jhelama, satalaja aura vyAsa) gaMgA meM samAhita ho gayIM / sarasvatI vesina meM hue utkhanana se isa tathya kA patA calatA hai ki hakakAla (lagabhaga 5000 I.pU.) kI apekSA uttara har3appana kAla sindhu ghATI meM AryoM kA nivAsa rahA hogA, jahA~ vikasita saMskRti ke pramANa milate haiN| uttara har3appana saMskRti ke pramANa haDppA kI khudAI meM upalabdha hote haiN| mohenajodar3o meM bhI yaha Arya saMskRti phailI huI thii| yaha Arya saMskRti mUla rUpa se bhAratIya saMskRti thI, jaina aura vaidika donoM saMskRtiyA~ pallavita hotI rahI hoM / inhIM pradezoM meM jaina saMskRti se sambaddha digambara mudrA meM kAyotsargika bhavya jaina mUrti upalabdha huI haiM bahuta sambhava hai ki isa samaya meM jo kadAcit tIrthaMkara RSabhedava kI rahI hoM / dAsa, dasyu, paNa Adi jAtiyoM kA yahA~ nivAsa thaa| Aryetara jAtiyoM ke rUpa meM Rgveda meM ullikhita ye jAtiyA~ vastutaH RSabhadeva kI anuyAyinI thIM / Adya paramparA aura pRSThabhUmi itihAsa eka likhita dastAveja hai aura paramparA alikhita kahAnI vAlA tathya, jo pIr3hI se jur3A rahatA hai / likhita itihAsa kA prArambha lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI I. pU. se huA, para alikhita paramparA kA eka lambA itihAsa hai, jo zruti - paramparA se calA AyA hai / jaba koI paramparA lipibaddha hone lagatI hai, to usake AdhAra kA saMketa kara diyA jAtA hai| purAnI kathAoM aura anuzrutiyoM ke AdhAra para jaise veda aura purANa grantha likhe gye| usI taraha caudaha pUrvoM ke AdhAra para jaina paramparA kA nirmANa huA hai| ina paramparAoM kI puSTi itihAsa kare yaha Avazyaka nahIM, para itihAsa kI saMracanA meM paramparA ko bhulAyA nahIM jA sktaa| sAmpradAyikatA kI puTa bhale hI itihAsa aura paramparA ko dhUmila kara detI hai, para viveka aura tathya ke prakAza meM vaha dhUmilatA naSTa ho jAtI hai / paramparA ke sAtha dharma aura saMskRti ke tattva bhI jur3e rahate haiM aura unake bIca hue saMgharSoM kA prArUpa bhI unameM chipA rahatA hai| aisI sthiti meM bar3I sAvadhAnI ke sAtha niSpakSapatA-pUrvaka paramparA ko itihAsa kA aMga banAyA jA sakatA hai| isakI paridhi meM jaina jIvana ko kendra meM rakhate hue dharma, darzana aura kalA tInoM samAhita ho jAte haiN| ina sabhI tattvoM ko milAkara hama use 'saMskRti' kaha sakate haiN| jainadharma kA yathArtha itihAsa aura saMskRti bauddhadharma ke udaya ke pUrva se prArambha hotI 70 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #78
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hai| isI samaya uttara bhArata meM sAmAjika parivartana bhI huA, jise uttara vaidika kAla kahA jAtA hai| vaidika kAla kA itihAsa zuddha itihAsa nahIM kahA jA sktaa| usake lie purAtAttvika pramANa bhI upalabdha nahIM hote| sAdhAraNataH itihAsakAra carAgAhayugIna jIvana (Nomadic or pastoral life) ko pandraha se dasavIM zatAbdI I.pU. meM rakhate haiN| saMskRta bhI prAkRta mizrita laukika bhASA se sAhityika bhASA ke rUpa meM isI samaya sthApita huii| kRSi kA vikAsa bhI isI kAla meM adhika huaa| lekhana-kalA , lauhakalA aura nAgarIkaraNa ke vistAra ke lie bhI yahI samaya itihAsa meM smaraNIya hai| veda brAhmaNika, AraNyaka, upaniSad sAhitya bhI isI samaya astitva meM aaye| brAhmaNika darzana kA vikAsa upaniSadika darzana meM huaa| yaha samUcA darzana pazcima bhArata meM phalatAphUlatA rhaa| usakI dRSTi meM pUrva bhAratIya pradeza azuddha mAnA jAtA thaa| sAmAjika aura Arthika pakSa bhI vaidika kAla meM avikasita thaa| usI kA pratibimbana vaidika sAhitya aura darzana meM bhI huA jahA~ paurohitya, hiMsaka yajJa aura kaThora jAtivAda dikhAI detA hai|... para isI samAnAntara zrama ko mahattva dene vAlI mAnavatAvAdI darzana aura cintana ko pradhAna mAnane vAlI zramaNa saMskRti pallavita hotI rhii| ina paramparAoM meM prApta RSabhadeva tathA unake zramaNa darzana se sambaddha ullekhoM ko bhI hama kaise naz2araandAz2a kara sakate haiM? aisI sthiti meM una ullekhoM ko kisI kAlakhaNDa meM niyojita karanA bhI sarala nahIM hai| pariNAmataH tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ke pUrva kA itihAsa paramparAgata itihAsa hai aura paramparA bhI itihAsa kA eka aMga banakara hamAre sAmane khar3I huI hai| saMbhava hai, vartamAna itihAsa kI paribhASA usa paramparAko kabhI svIkAra kara le| isalie itihAsa aura paramparA evaM purAtattva ko hameM ekasAtha lekara calanA hogA aura apanI sImA aura viveka ke darpaNa meM unheM dekhanA hogaa| isa dekhane meM matabheda honA svAbhAvika hai| dRSTibheda honA svAbhAvika hai| dRSTibheda aura vicArabheda vastutaH vikAsa kI hI prakriyA hai| ataH hama ina tInoM para vicAra karate hue hI Age bddh'eNge| isa kAlakhaNDa kA itihAsa andhakArAcchanna hai aura use samaya kI sImA meM bA~dhanA bhI andhakAra meM lAThI calAne jaisA hI hogaa| taba sAkSyAdhArita anubhava hI eka sakSama pramANa kahA jA sakatA hai, jo sAhityika srotoM para AdhArita hai| pravRtti-nivRtti paramparA kA sammizrita rUpa zramaNa jaina paramparA ne brAhmaNa paramparA meM pracalita hiMsaka yajJa aura jAtivAda ke virodha meM nahIM, balki mAnavatAvAda ke poSaNa meM ahiMsA, aparigraha aura karmavAda siddhAnta ko prasthApita kiyA aura pUrva pracalita siddhAntoM kI mImAMsA apane naye siddhAntoM ke pariprekSya meM prastuta kii| brAhmaNa aura zramaNa paramparAoM ke siddhAntoM kA pracalana zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva :: 71 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #79
pakSa aura vipakSa ke rUpa meM prArambha se hI rahA hai aura ina donoM siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para yathA-samaya sampradAyoM aura darzanoM kI bhI sthApanA hotI rahI hai aura ina sabhI sampradAyoM meM antara sambandha bhI banate-bigar3ate rahe haiN| brAhmaNa-sampradAya ke sAmane zramaNa-sampradAya aura usakI pravajyA, bhikSA yA AhAra paddhati, gaNa-kula-saMgha-vyavasthA, vicAra-darzana samAja-darzana Adi tAttvika binduoM para jaba hama vicAra karate haiM, to spaSTa rUpa meM hamAre sAmane do vicAradhArAe~ dikhAyI par3atI haiM brAhmaNa-vicAradhArA aura zramaNa-vicAradhArA / ye donoM vicAradhArAe~ pRthak-pRthak hone ke bAvajUda paraspara paripUraka haiM aura eka hI vyakti-saMskRti se jur3I huI lagatI haiN| isIlie unameM nivRtti aura pravRtti rUpa donoM paramparAe~ apanI-apanI vicAradhArA ke anusAra taratamatA ke rUpa se sambaddha haiN| tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne nivRtti ko mUla meM rakhakara pravRtti para vicAra kiyA aura brAhmaNika maharSiyoM ne pravRtti ko mUla mAnakara nivRtti ko gauNa kara diyaa| pravRttinivRtti kI hInAdhikatA meM hI bhakti-tattva kA vikAsa huA hai| eka samaya aisA bhI AyA, jaba donoM paramparAe~ mizrita-sI dikhAI dene lgiiN| ataH unheM eka-dUsare kA virodhI kahane kI apekSA pUraka kahanA adhika-yukti-saMgata lagatA hai| isa sandarbha meM jainadharma kI aitihAsika paramparA para yadi hama vicAra kareM to yaha tathya bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainatIrtha paramparA kA prArambha uttara bhArata meM gaMgA nadI kI ghATI meM huaa| ayodhyA isakA kendrasthala rahA aura chaThI zatI I. pU. vaha magadha aura vaizAlI kSetra meM pahu~cA aura vahIM se vaha eka ora pazcima kI ora bar3hA aura dUsarI ora bar3hatA huA zrIlaMkA taka phuNcaa| sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kI janmabhUmi aura karmabhUmi hone kA gaurava bhArata ke madhya kSetra ko milA hai, vizeSa rUpa se madhya-gaMgA maidAna aura bihAra ko| yahA~ ke janapadoM kA itihAsa bhale hI chaThI zatAbdI I.pU. se prArambha hotA hai, para purAtAttvika pramANoM se yahA~ mAnava kA astitva lagabhaga dasa hajAra varSa I.pU. milatA hai| yaha samaya vastutaH aura-bhI pIche jAnA caahie| isalie paurANika paramparA ko ekadama jhuThalAyA nahIM jA sktaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki use ardha-aitihAsika kahA jAtA kyA sindhu-har3appA saMskRti jaina saMskRti thI? svatantratA prApti ke bAda mArksavAdI itihAsakAroM ne atIta ke mUlyAMkana kA kArya hAtha meM liyA jisakA prArambha kausAmbI se hotA hai| unhoMne aitihAsika kAloM ko utpAdana ke sAdhanoM aura sambandhoM ke anusAra vibhAjita karane kI AvazyakatA para bala diyaa| mArksavAdI kA lakSya hai itihAsa se viveka arjita karanA aura vartamAna ko badalanA, na ki vartamAna kI jarUrata se itihAsa ko bdlnaa| yaha unakA bhAvavAdI itihAsa thaa| isameM unhoMne varNa-jAti vyavasthA kI bAta kahakara kSatriya pradhAna Arya 72 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #80
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir AkramaNa kI bAta kahI, har3appA sabhyatA ko Aryetara siddha karane kA prayatna kiyaa| AryoM ko Akramaka batAyA / AkramaNa ke mithaka ko svIkAra kara aura Rgvaidika samAja ko barbara siddha kiyA | isake sAtha hI AcAra-niSTha- jJAna kA bhI utanA hI mahattva hai| usake binA samAja paMgu banA rahatA hai| jainadharma kI AcAra saMhitA, naitika cetanA, sAmudAyika cetanA, ziSTAcAra itanA adhika samRddha rahA hai ki vyApArika gatividhiyA~, sAMskRtika cetanA, zikSA - tantra sadaiva vikasita hotA rahA aura lagabhaga 12vIM zatAbdI taka caturmukhI samRddhi ke sopAnoM para car3hatA rahA / Arya AkramaNa kA mithaka bhASAgata samAnatA ke AdhAra para yaha to nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki AryajanoM kA sambandha bhArata se lekara yUropa ke madhya taka ke kSetra meM kahIM bhI rahA ho sakatA hai, Arya zabda bhale hI prArambhika avasthA meM jAti ke artha meM prayukta nahIM huA ho, para uttarakAla meM vaha eka samudAya ke rUpa meM avazya jAnA jAtA rahA hai aura phira usane eka AkramaNakArI kabIlA kA rUpa grahaNa kara liyA aura parAjita samudAya ko 'dAsa' ke rUpa meM ginane lagA / unakI bhASA kadAcit saMskRta thI, jise Arya bhASA kahA jAne lgaa| Arya kA artha mUlataH sammAnAspada thA / bAda meM pANini ke anusAra usakA prayoga vaizya varga ke lie hone lagA ( 26.2 ) / kRSi - saMpadA, pazu-pAlana evaM vANijya para vaizyoM kA hI adhikAra thA / isalie unheM zreSThI yA mahAjana bhI kahA jAtA rahA hai| Arthika AdhAra para unheM samAja kA mukhya aMga kahA jAtA thA / yaha vaizya varga vaNika varga nizcita rUpa se jaina varga rahA honA caahie| vaha varga vyApArika gatividhiyoM se jur3A thA, ahiMsaka thA, AkramaNakArI nahIM thA / kathA sAhitya se yaha tathya spaSTa ho jAtA hai| ki prArambhika caraNa meM paNi jaisI jAtiyA~ kabIle ke rUpa meM rahakara vaNikvRtti meM Apadamagna thIM, madhyakAla meM vahI jAtiyA~ sthira hokara vyApAra karane lagatI haiM / har3appA sabhyatA kA samparka vyApArika kAraNoM se balUcistAna, aphagAnistAna, IrAna, soviyata madhya eziyA, sumeriyA, mesopoTAmiyA, bebIloniyA aura akkATa Adi se bhI rahA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki saMskRta - prAkRta bhASAoM kA prasAra vahA~ huA hai| videzI vidvAnoM ne isI ko viparIta rUpa meM dikhAkara AkrAmaka mithaka taiyAra kiyA hai aura vahA~ AryoM ko bhArata ke vibhinna mArgoM se pahu~cAyA hai| eziyA mAinara meM kucha hittI muharoM para kakudmAna vRSabha kI AkRti aMkita milatI hai| har3appA sabhyatA kA yaha prasAra kSetra kahA jA sakatA hai| isakA samaya lagabhaga 2500 I.pU. honA cAhie / yahA~ yaha tathya ullekhanIya hai ki har3appA sabhyatA ke nirmANa meM tamila yA dravir3a zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva :: 73 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #81
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir saMskRti kA bhI hAtha rahA hai| tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke eka putra kA nAma bhI dravir3a thaa| vidvAnoM ne yaha siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA ki sindhu har3appA sabhyatA kI lipi se prabhAvita rahI hai| dainika bhAskara ke 26 jUna 2010 aMka meM prakAzita riporTa ke anusAra vizva zAstrIya tamila sammelana, cennaI meM bhAratIya prAcIna sabhyatA ke jAne mAne prasiddha vidvAna azne pArapolA ne sammelana meM har3appA aura mohanajodar3o sabhyatAoM meM purAne tamila zabdoM ke sambhAvita upayoga ke vizleSaNa para AdhArita vistRta dastAveja prastuta kiyaa| unhoMne kahA ki sindhu lipi kI mUlabhUta Adi-bhASA dravir3a thii| har3appA aura mohanajodar3o kI khudAI se prApta muharoM meM mile kucha citrAtmaka aMkana tamila bhASA ke murukA aura mina jaise purAne zabdoM se milatI hai| isase sindhu lipi kI mUlabhASA kI taha taka jAne kA mArga prazasta ho jAtA hai| tamila bhASA ke Adya granthoM meM jaina grantha adhika haiN| kannar3a sAhitya kI bhI yahI sthiti hai| har3appA sabhyatA kA patana ho jAne ke kAraNa yahA~ kI prajA kA jIvana ApadA ke rUpa meM sAmAnya ho gyaa| carAgAha saMskRti yA grAmINa saMskRti kA citraNa Rgveda meM isI avasthAya kA citraNa kahA jA sakatA hai| prAkRtika vipadAoM ke kAraNa har3appA kI vikasita nagarIya sabhyatA chinna-bhinna ho gii| zramaNa aura vaidika donoM samAjoM kI sthiti samAna thii| isa vipanna avasthA meM RSiyoM ne sAdhanA kI, tyAga-tapasyA kI aura har3appA sabhyatA kA AdhAra lekara Rgveda kI racanA kii| usameM tAtkAlika bhAvanAoM aura vicAroM kA udbhAvana huA, jisameM jaina zramaNa aura vaidika vicAradhArAoM kA saMkalana huA hai| isa samaya taka AryAvarta kI kalpanA A cukI thI, saurASTra aura kurukSetra Aryavarmya kSetra mAnA jAne lagA thA, jahA~ jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra thaa| vahI sthiti pUrva meM bihAra kI bhI ho gaI thii| ise hama har3appA ke patana ke bAda kI sthiti kaha sakate haiN| har3appA kI sabhyatA aura vastuta: jainoM sabhyatA va saMskRti thii| har3appA meM prApta 13 prastara mUrtiyoM meM se do mUrtiyoM kI kalA-sambandhI mAnyatA ne krAnti lA dI hai| ye mUrtiyA~ lagabhaga 4 iMca kI haiN| kabandha, zira, hAtha, paira-vihIna grIvA aura kandhoM ke sthAna para pRthak bane hue zira aura bAhu dhAraNa karane ke randhra bane hue haiN| isa kAyotsargI digambara mUrti meM sajIvatA, Atmazakti kI tejasvitA dekhate hI banatI hai| dUsarI mUrti bAhya spandana ko prakAzita karatI hai| isakA samaya lagabhaga 2000 I. pU. hai| ise jaina tIrthaMkara kI mUrti kahane meM kisI ko saMkoca nahIM honA caahie| isakI tulanA meM mohanajodar3o meM prApta I. pU. tIsarI zatAbdI kI usa utkIrNa muhara (sIla naM. 620/1928-1929) kA adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai, jisa para geMDA, bhaiMsa, siMha Adi mUrtiyoM ke samakSa dhyAnastha baiThe tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI mUrti UrdhvamukhI preraNA ko vyakta karatI hai| isameM cakravartI bharata nata-mastaka hai, pIche RSabha (baila) kA cihna 74 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #82
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hai / trizUla ratnatraya kA pratIka hai, kalpavRkSa aura mRdu latA bhI utkIrNa hai / TI. ena rAmacandrana kA vicAra hai ki ye uddharaNa aura har3appA kI kAyotsargI digambara mUrti jaina tIrthaMkara se sambaddha hai| use ve kAyotsarga mudrA meM dekhate haiM, jo samasta bhautika cetanA ke Antarika vyutsarga kA pratIka hai (sIla naM. 620 / 1928-9, har3appA aiMDa jainijma) / unakI dRSTi meM tIrthaMkara kI kAla-gaNanA meM bhI isase koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| unhoMne RSabhadeva kA kAla I. pU. kI tRtIya sahasrAbdI kA antima caraNa rakhA hai, para hama isase sahamata nahIM hai| hamane RSabhadeva tIrthaMkara kA samaya purAtattva kI dRSTi se lagabhaga tIsa hajAra varSa I. pU. nizcita kiyA hai| hamArA yaha lekha prAcIna tIrtha jIrNoddhAra meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| mohanajodar3o har3appA sabhyatA kA prasAra zatAdhika purAsthaloM meM dekhA gayA hai| sindhu - har3appA sabhyatA ke mUla nivAsI kauna the, yaha eka vivAdAspada prazna hai, para yaha nizcita hai ki yaha sabhyatA prAgvaidika yA usake samakAlIna hai| pI. Ara. dezamukha ne apane grantha 'iMDasa sivilAyajezana aiMDa hindU kalcara (pR. 364-67)' meM isI prakAra ke vicAra vyakta kiye haiN| isameM koI Azcarya nahIM ki yaha sabhyatA tatkAlIna vidyAdhara vA dravir3a jAti se sambaddha rahI ho / yaha jAti RSabhadeva ko pUjya mAnatI thI tathA unheM digambara yogIzvara ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatI thii| rAmaprasAda candana aura iravAthama mahAdevan kA bhI yahI vicAra hai| Rgveda meM RSabhadeva se sambaddha aneka uddharaNa milate hI haiN| lohAnIpura kI bhI adhakaTe hasta aura mastaka - vihIna kAyotsargI digambara mUrti har3appA se prApta mUrti kI anukRti hI lagatI hai / isameM kucha vikAsAtmaka cihna avazya dikhAI dete haiM, para bhavyatA aura divyatA meM koI antara nahIM hai / isameM randhra avazya nahIM haiM / sthApatya - mandira kalA sthApatya kalA kI carama pariNati mandiroM ke nirmANa meM hotI hai| isa kSetra meM tIna zailiyoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai- nAgara, vesara aura dravir3a (nAgara zailI meM garbhagRha catuSkoNI rahate haiM aura unake Upara jhukI rekhAoM se saMyukta isake samAna zikhara rahatA hai / ise zukanAsA zikhara bhI kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki usakA AkAra tote kI coMca ke samAna golAkAra aura nukIlA hotA hai| inakA pracalana dakSiNa meM to kama rahA para paMjAba, himAlaya, rAjasthAna, madhyapradeza, ur3IsA, baMgAla Adi pradezoM meM adhika huA / isameM golAkAra zikhara para kalaza lagA huA rahatA hai / vesara zelI meM zikhara kI AkRti vartulAkAra hotI hai aura vaha Upara uThakara capaTI raha jAtI hai| madhya bhArata meM isakA prayoga adhika huA hai| dravir3a zailI meM mandira stambha kI AkRti grahaNa karatA hai aura Upara sikur3atA zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva :: 75 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #83
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org jAtA hai| anta meM vaha stUpikA kA AkAra grahaNa kara letA hai| dakSiNa meM isakA prayoga adhika huA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, hama kaha sakate hai ki dravir3a zailI meM vimAna - zikhara kA UparI bhAga pirAmiDa kI taraha U~cA hotA calA jAtA hai| usameM zikhara aneka maMjiloM ke hote haiM, jinheM stUpikA kahA jAtA hai| isakA vargAkAra garbhagRha vizAla caukora ahAte meM banAyA jAtA thA, jisakI chata padakSiNA-patha ko Dhaka letI hai| gumbadI bhAga ardhagolAkAra hotA hai, maNDapa meM bar3A galiyAsa aura U~ce stambha rahate haiN| bAda meM mandiroM ko gopuram se bhI jor3a diyA gayA / (a) nAgara zailI kI lagabhaga chaha zailiyA~ kSetrIya AdhAra para vikasita huIM (1) ur3IsA zailI -- yaha zailI bhuvanezvara sambhAga meM vikasita huI sAtavIM zadI ke baad| isameM garbhagRha ardhagolAkAra rahatA hai| garbhagRha ke sAmane sabhA bhavana arthAt jagamohana hai / sAdhAraNataH isa zailI ke mandiroM meM stambha nahIM hote / bhItarI bhAga meM prastara sAdhAraNa koTi ke rahate haiM, para bAharI bhAga meM mUrtiyA~ alaMkRta rahatI haiM / gopura sahita lambe prAkAra hote haiM aura zikhara bhAga Upara kramazaH choTA hotA jAtA hai| isakA samaya lagabhaga AThavIM-navIM zatI hai| koNArka mandira bhI isI zailI meM nirmita huA hai / isa zailI meM bane mandiroM kI bAharI dIvAloM para zRMgArika aMkana hai, jo tantramantra paramparA se prabhAvita mAnA jA sakatA hai| ise hama bAhya jagat kI apavitratA kA pratIka kaha sakate hai 1 (2) khajurAho zailI caMdela zAsakoM ne isa zailI kI prasthApanA kii| isameM parakoTA nahIM rahatA / Thosa prastara kA sIr3hIdAra cabUtarA rahatA hai| mandiroM ke sAre bhAga ekadUsare se ba~dhe rahate hai / U~cAI lagabhaga sau phITa se adhika nahIM rahatI / mandira ke tIna bhAga rahate haiM - maNDapa, ardhamaNDapa aura garbhagRha / isameM galiyArA, pradakSiNApatha aura mahAmaNDapa bhI hote haiN| bAhya bhAga alaMkRta aura azlIla citroM se aMkita hai| garbhagRha kI mInAra cAroM ora zikharanumA rahatI haiM, jise aruzrRMga kahA jAtA hai| nicale bhAga meM aMga - zikhara rahatA hai, jo khajurAho zailI kI vizeSatA hai| zikhara Amalaka, stUpikA aura kalaza rahate hai / zailI alaMkRta hai| mithuna citroM kA bAhulya rahatA hai| isa zailI meM zikhara U~cA ho gayA aura paMcAyatana zailI adhika lokapriya ho gii| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir (3) rAjasthAnI aura madhyadezIya zailI - chaThIM zatI se gupta zailI kA yahA~ vikAsa huA, jise gurjara-pratihAroM meM dasavIM zatI taka vikasita kiyA / parvatoM ko khodakara aura prastaroM ko jor3akara isa zailI ke mandira banAye gaye / osiyA aura kubhAriyA ke jaina mandira isI zailI ke banAye gaye haiM / ina mandiroM kA bAharI bhAga sAdhAraNa hai, para bhItarI bhAga alaMkRta hai / 76 :: jainadharma paricaya (4) gujarAta-kAThiyAvAr3a zailI isa kAla ke mandiroM ke tIna bhAga hote haiMpITha, maMDokAra aura zikhara / ise solaMkI zailI bhI kahA jAtA hai| isameM stambha ke - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #84
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nIce kA bhAga moTA aura UparI bhAga patalA hotA hai| bAhara kI apekSA bhItara alaMkaraNa aura prakAza kI vyavasthA kama rahatI hai / (5) gvAliyara - mathurA zailI - gvAliyara durga ke bhItara aneka mandira haiM / unameM sAsabahu aura telI kA mandira vizeSa ullekha nahIM hai / usameM koI vargAkAra yojanA nahIM hai| bAharI AkAra AyatAkAra hai / (6) nAgara - dravir3a mizrita zailI - nAgara zailI kA vistAra dakSiNa meM bhI huA hai| usakA eka rUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai kRSNa-tuMga mudrA ghATI meM, jahA~ dravir3a zailI ke sAtha aihola ke mandira, paTTAdakala aura Alamapura kI sthApatyakalA nAgara zailI meM sampanna huI hai| yahA~ kI mizrita zailI ko cAlukya zailI bhI kahA jAtA hai / (ba) dravir3a zailI - dravir3a zailI sthApatya zailI ke aneka bhAga kiye jA sakate haiM- (1) pallavakAlIna (600-900 I.), colakAlIna (900-150 I.), pANDayakAlIna (1150-1350 I.), vijayanagara paddhati ( 1340-1560 I.) aura mathurA kI nAyaka kAlIna paddhati (1600-1700 I.) / pallavakAla meM caTTAnoM ko khodakara imArateM banAI gaI haiN| unheM ratha kahA jAtA hai / maNDapoM ke stambha alaMkRta hote haiM / unameM siMhoM kI AkRtiyA~ banI huI haiN| pallava mandiroM meM vimAna aura gopuram choTe AkAra ke the, dvArapAla manuSya ke AkAra ke the aura mandira samatala bhUmi para avasthita the / cola zailI meM vimAna aura gopuram vRhadAkAra meM the / dvArapAloM kI AkRtiyA~ bhayAvaha thIM aura mandira cabUtare para bane hue the / vesaramA cAlukya zailI ko Age calakara hoyasala zailI kahA gyaa| isakA pracAra dakSiNa bhArata ke pazcimI pradezoM meM adhika huA aura vikAsa 10vIM se 13vIM zatI taka huaa| maisUra aura zravaNa belagolA meM cola zailI kA hI upayoga huA hai / isa zailI meM mukhya kakSa parakoTe se ghirA rahatA hai| purakoTe meM koTharayA~ banI huI haiM, jinameM stambha sahita mandira bane haiN| hoyasala zailI meM garbhagRha eka nahIM, aneka rahate haiM / mandira kA cabUtarA bhI AyatAkAra na hokara paryApta lambA caur3A hai aura cAroM ora kI sIr3hiyA~ banI huI haiN| isake zikhara aura stambha bhI vizaSatA liye hue haiN| sthApatya kalA meM caitya aura stUpa ke bAda mandiroM kA nirmANa huA, jisase mUrti aura mandira - zilpa kA vikAsa huaa| inameM vividha zailiyoM kA prayoga karate hue bhI usameM zRMgArikatA aura azlIlatA kA sparza bhI nahIM ho paayaa| vItarAgatA kI pRSThabhUmi meM nirjana sthAnoM aura parvatoM kA upayoga huaa| bAda meM nagaroM ke bIca meM upAsanAkendra banane lage / mandiroM ke nirmANa meM adhiSThAna, sopAna, maNDapavara, zikhara, vedikA, garbhagRha, vAstumaNDapa Adi kA upayoga kiyA jAtA thA / ye mandira nAgara, vesara aura dravir3a zailI meM banate the / nAgara zailI meM prAdezika zailiyoM kA mizraNa adhika huA, jinameM garbhagRha - catuSkoNI rahatA thA / zikhara zukanAsA yA golAkAra kA thA / vesara zailI " zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva :: 77 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #85
meM zikhara kI AkRti vartulAkAra ho gaI aura dravir3a zailI meM vimAna zikhara kA UparI bhAga pirAmiDa kI taraha U~cA hotA calA gyaa| prAcInatama jaina mandira lohAnIpura (paTanA) meM rahA hai| isake bAda sAtavIM zatI ke osiyA samUha ke jaina mandiroM kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai| pazcima bhArata meM cAlukya zailI ke mandira adhika lokapriya hue, jinake garbhagRha, gUr3hamaNDapa aura mukhamaNDapa eka-dUsare se jur3e hue haiN| uttarakAla meM ve alaMkRta hone lge| AbU kA vimalavasaharI mandira aisA hI mandira hai| cittaur3agar3ha kA kIrtistambha madhyakAlIna jaina sthApatya kA eka sundara namUnA hai| jaisalamera ke durgamandira, bIkAnera, jayapura, nAgadA, koTA, AgarA Adi sthAnoM ke jaina mandira ullekhanIya haiN| yahA~ caturmukhI aura sarvatobhadrazailI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| raNakapura mandira isa zailI kA vizeSa udAharaNa hai| madhyamahAbhArata kA kuNDalapura, devagar3ha aura gyArasapura ke mandira samUha kI alaMkRta zailI darzanIya hai| khajurAho aura ghaNTAI mandira bhI alaMkRta zailI ke mandira haiN| mAlavA kA Una mandira paramAra zailI kA udAharaNa hai| gvAliyara, sonAgiri, rezandIgiri, droNagiri, caMderI, mANhU, naravara, bInA bArahA Adi sthAnoM meM bhI isa kAla kI sthApatyakalA ke darzana hote haiN| uttara bhArata kI jainakalA para 12vIM zatI ke AsapAsa muslima AkramaNa bahuta hue| phalata: bahuta se jaina mandira yA to naSTa kara diye gaye yA parivartita kara diye gye| ajamera kI masjida, aDhAI dina kA jhopar3A, Amera ke tIna ziva mandira, sAMgAnera kA siMghIjI kA mandira, dillI kA kubbatula islAma masjida Adi sthAna mUlata: jaina mandira haiN| vaidika sampradAya ne bhI jaina mandiroM kA khUba vinAza kiyA aura unheM apane mandiroM meM parivartita kara liyaa| aise lagabhaga tIna hajAra jaina mandira haiM, jo vaidikoM yA musalima samAja ke adhikAra meM hai| ayodhyA kI vivAdagrasta masjida bhI mUlataH jaina mandira rahI hai| caudahavIM zatI ke naye mandiroM kA nirmANa ruka-sA gyaa| jo bane bhI unameM mugala zailI kA prabhAva adhika rhaa| isa prabhAva ko hama dA~tedAra toraNoM, araba zailI ke alaMkaraNoM aura zAhajahA~ ke stambhoM meM dekha sakate haiN| dakSiNa-kSetra-vartI zrIlaMkA meM bauddhadharma pahu~cane ke pUrva vahA~ jainadharma kA astitva thA, aisA mahAvaMza Adi pAli granthoM se hI patA calatA hai| ata: lagatA hai ki mahAvIra ke pUrva dakSiNa meM jainadharma kAphI lokapriya rahA hogaa| bhale hI purAtatva abhI ise siddha nahIM kara pA rahA ho, parantu paramparA ko bhI pUrI taraha se jhuThalAyA nahIM jA sktaa| Arambhika kAlIna jaina mandira dakSiNa bhArata meM prApta nahIM hote| vahA~ sAtavIM zatI se nirmANa huA hai zailotkIrNa mandiroM kaa| sarvAdhika prAcIna jaina guphA mandira tirunelabolI jile meM malaiyaDikkuricca sthAna para hai, jise bAda meM ziva mandira meM parivartita kara 78 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #86
diyA gyaa| isa prakAra kA parivartana madurai aura anaimalai Adi jaina kendroM kA bhI huA hai| maNDapa zailI meM bapanA sittannavAsala kA guphA mandira bhI ullekhanIya hai| prastara mandiroM meM aihola kA meguTI mandira bhI jinakAMcI kA candraprabhA mandira, toMDaI, mandira, zravaNabelagola kA candragupta vasadi mandira, kambadahallI kA vasadi mandira bhI vizeSa rUpa se smaraNIya haiM, jinameM nAgara, vesara aura dravir3a zailI kI alaMkaraNa kI pracalita paddhatiyoM kA bharapUra upayoga huA hai| pallava, rASTrakUTa aura cAlukya zailiyoM se yahA~ kI prastara-kalA prabhAvita hai| dakSiNApatha meM rAjanItika asthiratA ke bAvajUda jainadharma kI lokapriyatA meM kamI nahIM aaii| kalyANI ke cAlukya kAla meM lakkuMDI, zravaNabelagola, lakSmaNezvara, paTTakala, cAraNDImaTha Adi sthAna jainakalA ke kendra bne| kahA jAtA hai, attiyabbe ne 1500 jaina mandira bnvaaye| uttarakAlIna cAlukya, hoyasala, yAdava aura kAkatIya rAjavaMzoM ke zAsakoM ne sthApatya kI uttarI aura dakSiNI zailiyoM ko samanvita kiyaa| garbhagRha aura zikhara meM dakSiNa zailI tathA zeSa bhAgoM meM uttarI zailI ko niyojita kiyaa| vijayanagara meM avazya dakSiNI zailI ko hI apanAyA gayA hai| hoyasala zailI meM vimAna zelI aura rekha nAgara prAsAda zailI kA sammizraNa huA hai| zravaNabelagola ke anya jaina mandira, hAsana jile kA agralikhita mandira, tumakura jile ke nittUra kI zAMtIzvara vasadi, maisUra jile ke nittUra kI zAMtIzvara vasadi, maisUra jile ke holahollU kI pArzvanAtha vasadi, baiMgalora jile ke zAMtimatte kI vardhamAna vasadi Adi jaina mandira gaMga-zailI ke udAharaNa haiN| devagiri ke yAdavoM ke zAsanakAla meM nirmita manamADa ke samIvartI aMjanerI guphA mandira bhI ullekhanIya haiN| Andhra pradeza meM aneka jaina kalA kendra bane, jaise poTTalA-ceruba (pATanaceru), vardhamAnapura (vaDDamanI) pragatura, rAyadurgama, cippagiri, hanumakoNDA, peDDatumbama, puDura, aDaunI, nayanakalI, kambadura, amarapuram kollipAka, munugoDu, penugoDA, nemima, bhogapuram aadi| ina sthAnoM para prApta sthApatya kalA se aneka zailiyoM kA patA calatA hai| sopAna mArga aura talapITha sahita nirmANa kI kadamba nAgara zailI aura zikhara catuSkoNI para kalyANI cAlukyoM kI zukanAsA zailI vizeSa ullekhanIya hai| ___tamilanADu smArakoM meM tiruparutti kuNDarama ullekhanIya hai, jahA~ ke jaina mandiroM meM pallavakAla se vijayanagara kAla taka kI sthApatya zailiyA~ utkIrNa huI haiN| candraprabha mandira, vardhamAna mandira tirumalai (uttara arkATa jilA) ke mandiroM kI nirmANa kalA meM bhI vikAsa kI rUparekhA jagI huI hai| dakSiNApatha meM bhI muslima AkramaNoM ne jaina sthApatya kalA ko bhArI nukasAna phuNcaayaa| hajAroM mandira vIra zaivoM aura musalamAnoM ne naSTa-bhraSTa kiye, phira bhI vaha kalA samUce rUpa meM naSTa nahIM kI jA skii| vijayanagara zAsakoM, sAmaMtoM aura rAjadarabAriyoM zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva :: 79 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #87
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ne aneka jaina mandiroM kA udAratApUrvaka nirmANa kraayaa| hampI (vijayanagara ) ke jaina mandiroM meM gaNitIya mandira ullekhanIya hai, jisameM prAcIna zailI ke catuSkoNika staMbha haiN| zravaNabelagola, mUDabidrI, bhaTakala, kArkala, beNUra Adi ke katipaya jaina mandiroM meM isa kAla meM sthApatya kalA kA sundara saMyojana huA hai| mahArASTra meM hemADapanthI zailI kA pracalana adhika huA / yaha zailI mUlataH uttara bhAratIya zikhara zailI kA pariSkRta rUpa hai| isa zailI ke jaina guphA mandira nAsika jile kI vigalavADI aura caMdora nAmaka sthAnoM para milate haiN| ye guphAe~ catuSkoNIya staMbhoM para AdhArita haiM | mahArASTra meM hI vAzima ke samIpa zirapura meM sthita antarikSa pArzvanAtha mandira bhI ullekhanIya hai, jo 13vIM zatI kA banA huA hai| isakI vinyAsa - rekhA tArakakAra hai aura patrAvalI - yukta paTTiyoM kA alaMkaraNa hai| citrakalA citrakalA ke kSetra meM bhI jainAcAryoM kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| unakI yaha citrakalA bhitticitroM, tAr3apatroM aura kada para dekhI jA sakatI hai| nAyAdhamma kahAo meM citrakAra zreNI aura citrazAlA kA ullekha hai / uttarakAla meM raviSeNAcArya ne zuSka aura drava koTi ke citroM kA ullekha kiyaa| citrakarma ke rekhAMkana, belabUTA, lakar3I aura hAthadAMta kI citrakArI sammilita hai / bhitti citroM meM prAcInatama bhitticitra sittannavAsala ke jaina guphAmandira meM vidyamAna haiM, jisameM sundara jalAzaya kA citra pallavavaMzI mahendravarmana prathama ne banavAyA / ailorA kI indrasabhA aura kailAzanAtha mandira ke vividha citra, tirumalai, zravaNabelagola, tiruparutti, kuNDarama ke jaina mandiroM meM bane samavasaraNa, divyadhvani, SaDlezyA, svapna, vidyAdhara, gommaTezvara, bhaTTAraka svAgata, nemi rAjula Adi ke manohArI dRzya aMkita haiM / yaha paramparA 11vIM zatI taka adhika lokapriya rhii| isake bAda tAr3apatrIya zailI kA prArambha huaa| tAr3apatroM para likhita prAcInatama pANDulipi SaDkhaNDAgama kI milatI hai, jo saM. 1113 kI hai aura mUDabidrI meM surakSita hai / isameM supArzvanAtha kI yakSiNI kAlI, mahAvIra, bhakta dampatiyugala, zrutadevI aMbikA, pUjA dRzya, hAthI Adi kA aMkana hoyasala zailI meM huA hai, isameM rekhA zailI tathA sImita raMga yojanA ko apanAyA gayA hai / trilokasAra meM saMdRSTiyoM ko citropama zailI meM aMkita kiyA gayA hai| saMghavI pADA granthabhaNDAra pATana kI nizItha cUrNi, nagInadAsa bhaNDAra kI jJAtAdharma sUtra prati, jaina grantha bhaNDAra chANI kI ogha niryukti, jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA kI tiloyapaNNatti aura trilokasAra kI tAr3apatrIya pratiyA~ bhI ullekhanIya haiM / piNDaniyukti para bane hAthI, kamaladala, haMsa aura jJAtAsUtra para banA sarasvatI kA manamohaka 80 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #88
citra bhI darzanIya hai| kAgaja para citrita prAcInatama pANDulipi kalpasUtra, kAlakAcArya kathAnaka, yazodharacitra, zAntinAtha carita, AdipurANa, tattvArthasUtra, bhaktAmara, mahApurANa, sugandha dazamI kathA Adi grantha ullekhanIya haiM, jinameM vibhinna zailiyoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| inameM sone va cAMdI kI syAhiyoM kA upayoga milatA hai| jise samRddha zailI kahA gayA hai| kucha pratiyoM meM pazcimI citraNa zailI kA bhI prayoga huaa| gujarAta, rAjasthAna aura karnATaka meM ina zailiyoM kA prayoga adhika milatA hai| tAr3apatroM aura kAgajoM para likhI pratiyoM ko do kASTha kI paTTiyoM se surakSita rakhA jAtA hai| ina paTTiyoM para bhI citrakalA ke namUne milate haiN| jaisalamera ke bhaNDAra meM oghaniyukti kI paTaliyoM para vidyAdeviyoM kI mUrtiyoM kA aMkana, mahAvIra kA Asana, bhakta-dampati kA citraNa, pazu-pakSiyoM Adi kA citraNa ajantA-ailorA kI paramparA ko liye hue hai| vAdideva aura kumudacaMdra ke bIca hue zAstrArtha ko bhI yahA~ eka prati meM darzAyA gayA hai| paTacitroM kI bhI paramparA kA ullekha Adi purANa, harivaMza purANa Adi granthoM se milatI haiN| cintAmaNi nAmaka paracitra para dharaNendra-padamAvatI Adi ke citra tathA eka saMgIta paTacitra para pArzvanAtha, samavasaraNa Adi ke citra aMkita haiM / raMgAvAle aura dhUli citroM kA bhI ullekha huA hai| vidhAna kAla meM mADana isI zailI meM banAye jAte hai| kASTha zilpa kASTha zilpa ke lie gujarAta aura rAjasthAna kA nAma adhika hai| vahA~ ke uSNa vAtAvaraNa ke kAraNa isa kalA ko vizeSa prazraya milaa| kASTha zilpa kA nirmANa 17vIM se 19vIM zatI ke bIca huaa| isakA upayoga AvAsa-gRha ke alaMkaraNa tathA mUrti aura mandira ke nirmANa meM dekhA jAtA hai| kAraMjA mandira isakA udAharaNa hai| isa zailI meM stambhoM, mahaloM, gavAkSoM, dvAroM, chatoM, toraNoM, bhittiyoM Adi para kASTha-kalA kA pradarzana kiyA gyaa| kalAkAroM meM aSTamaMgala, patra-puSpa ahamadAvAda kA zAntinAtha derAsara (1390 I.) tathA pATana kA lallUbhAI dantI kA bhavana derAsara ullekhanIya hai| kahA jAtA hai ki mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM unakI candanakASTha pratimA banAI gaI thI, jo Aja upalabdha nahIM hai| abhilekhIya va mudrAzAstrIya zilpa abhilekhoM tathA mudrAoM para bhI citrAMkana huA hai| kaMkAlI TIlA se prApta AyAgapaTTa (prathama zatI) para mahilA-yugala kA aMkana huA hai| isI taraha 132 I. kI sarasvatI mUrti bhI vahA~ upalabdha hotI hai, jise prAcInatama jaina sarasvatI kI mUrti ke rUpa meM pahacAnA gayA hai| abhilekhoM meM guptakAla kA rAmagupta abhilekha, udayagiri, mathurA,pabhosA, zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva :: 81 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #89
devagar3ha, AbU, aihola, zravaNabelagola, ahAra, khajurAho, jUnAgar3ha raNakapura, dAnavulapaDu, kurikyala, dharmavaram, hampI, arkATa, godApuram, kArkala, ailorA, mUDabidrI Adi saikar3oM sthAna haiM, jahA~ jaina abhilekha upalabdha hue haiN| mudrA ke kSetra meM pAMDava zAsakoM dvArA pracalita sikkoM kA vizeSa yogadAna rahA hai| unakI catuSkoNIya kAMsya mudrAoM para aMkita sUrya, candra, kalaza, chatra, matsya, aSTamaMgala, dravya Adi kA sundara aMkana huA hai| isa prakAra kalA aura sthApatya ke kSetra meM jainadharma ne prAraMbha se hI mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| isake darzana aura sAhitya ne bhI kalA ke hara kSetra ko vikasita kiyA hai| prAdezika saMskRtiyoM ke tattvoM ke sAtha lokakathAoM aura sAMskRtika ghaTanAoM kA aMkana jisa sundaratA ke sAtha jaina kalA meM huA hai, vaha anyatra durlabha hai| vastutaH zramaNa jaina saMskRti aura purAtattva ko samUcI jaina paramparA kI AdhAra bhUmi ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA jAnA caahie| usake vikAsAtmaka sopAnoM para ArUr3ha hokara hI hama jaina darzana, kalA, sAhitya, saMskRti aura purAtattva para sahI DhaMga se vicAra kara skeNge| isase vividha saMskRtiyoM ke pArasparika AdAna-pradAna para bhI vyavasthita DhaMga se soca skeNge| isake sAtha digambara aura zvetAmbara paramparAoM ke bIca ubhare matabhedoM kI sthiti bhI spaSTa ho skegii| 82 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #90
jaina yAtrA-sAhitya pro. rAjArAma jaina yAtrA sAhitya itihAsa evaM saMskRti kI amUlya virAsata hai| prAcIna jaina-sAhitya meM 'paryaTana' zabda kA prayoga dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| usake sthAna para yAtrA, vihAra, hiNDa yA hiNDana tathA bhramaNa jaise zabda-prayoga milate haiN| inameM se hiNDa yA hiNDana zabda kA artha hai-ruI ke vAyu-prerita phAhe ke samAna niruddezya hI idhara-udhara bhttknaa| "vasudevahiNDI" (saMghadAsa-dharmadAsa gaNi kRta, cauthI sadI IsvI ke AsapAsa) isakA acchA udAharaNa hai| 'vihAra' zabda kA prayoga tapasvI-munivaroM ke eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para gamanAgamana ke lie sunizcita hai| 'bhramaNa' zabda-prayoga prAyaH sAmAnyajanoM ke itastataH sAmAnya gamanAgamana ke lie prayukta milatA hai| paryaTana-zabda, jahA~ taka mujhe jAnakArI hai, adhika prAcIna nahIM hai aura usakA prayoga, virasatA athavA ekarasatA ke vAtAvaraNa ke parivartanArtha, kiMcitkAlIna manoraMjana-hetu kiyA jAtA hai| ise 'pikanika' bhI kahA jAtA __ yAtrA-zabda-prayoga atyanta prAcIna hai, jo ki kisI bar3e lakSya kI prApti ke prasaMga meM prasthAna karane ke lie prayukta kiyA gayA prApta hotA hai| isa dRSTi se jainAcArya-lekhakoM ne saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM prAcIna hindI meM prAsaMgika rUpa se aneka rocaka-yAtrAoM ke varNana prastuta kie haiN| etadviSayaka kucha svatantra-racanAe~ bhI upalabdha haiN| vastuta: mUla-granthoM ke adhyayana aura vyAkhyAnAdi sunane se saiddhAntika-jJAna to prApta hotA hai, kintu usameM samagratA AtI hai-manonukUla vividha-viSayaka kendroM kI anubhavajanaka yAtrA karake saMvedanazIla vyakti vibhinna viziSTa kendroM meM jAkara vahA~ ke vastugata tathyoM kA sAkSAtkAra kara yathArthatA kA anubhava karatA hai, jisase usameM antarnihita pratibhA-zakti ko naI UrjA milatI hai aura kalpanA-zakti sphuryamAna hotI hai| isa prakAra pUrvArjita saiddhAntika jJAna aura yAtrAoM se arjita vyAvahArika yA prAyogika jJAna ke samanvaya se saMskRti, itihAsa evaM sAhitya ke aneka pracchanna-pakSoM ke udghATana meM paryApta sahAyatA milatI hai| isa prakAra kI yAtrA ko hI saphala mAnA jAtA hai| sAmAjika-jIvana meM yAtrAoM kA vizeSa mahattva hotA hai| vividha viziSTa sthaloM yA pradezoM meM jAkara apanI-apanI ruci ke anusAra abhIpsita jAnakArI, yAtrAoM ke binA jaina yAtrA-sAhitya : 83 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #91
sambhava nahIM, kyoMki usI se vahA~ ke AcAra-vicAra, rahana-sahana, bhojana-pAna, vastrAbhUSaNaprakAra, unakI dainika-caryA Adi kA jJAna prApta kara svayaM ke sAmAjika jIvana ke vaiziSTya kA anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| . deza-videza meM rAjanaitika, Arthika, sAMskRtika evaM sAhityika sambandha bar3hAne kI dRSTi se bhI yAtrAe~ Avazyaka mAnI gaI haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya, yUnAnI evaM cInI sAhitya meM upalabdha yAtrA-vRttAnta hamAre samAja evaM rASTra ke tatkAlIna itihAsa ko Alokita karane meM sahAyaka siddha hue haiN| isa prasaMga meM yaha vizeSa rUpa se dhyAtavya hai ki prAcya bhAratIya itihAsa se vIra parAkramI-maurya samrATa candragupta (prathama) kA nAma vismRta athavA lupta ho gayA thA, jaba ki usakI Adarza prazAsanika vyavasthA se prabhAvita hokara yUnAnI zAsaka ne usakA adhyayana karane hetu megAsthanIja ko apane rAjadUta ke rUpa meM pATaliputra bhejA thaa| megAsthanIja ne apane yAtrA-vRttAnta-"iNDikA" meM usI bhAratIya zAsaka "saiNDrokoTTosa" kI paryApta prazaMsA kI thii| adhyayana karane para bAda meM vidita huA ki ukta candragupta hI yUnAnI-bhASA meM "saiNDrokoTTosa" likhA gayA thaa| isa ullekha ne prAcya bhAratIya itihAsa ke lekhana meM bar3I sahAyatA pradAna kii| jaina-vAGmaya meM upalabdha yAtrA-vRttAntoM ko adhyayana kI suvidhA kI dRSTi se nimna vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1. digvijaya-yAtrA, 2. yuddha-yAtrA, 3. vyApAra-yAtrA, 4. jJAna-yAtrA (zAstrArthayAtrA), 5. dharma-yAtrA, 6. manoraMjana-yAtrA evaM 7. tiirth-yaatraa| 1. digvijaya-yAtrA- yaha yAtrA sAmAnya koTi ke rAjA-pada se cakravartI samrATa kA pada prApta karane ke lie kI jAtI thii| isameM pRthivI ke chahoM khaNDoM para vijaya prApta karane ke lie dRr3ha-saMkalpI rAjA apane bala, vIrya, puruSArtha evaM parAkrama kA anumAna kara apanI caturaMgiNI-senA ko lekara vijaya prApta karane hetu nikalatA thA aura yadi vaha usameM saphala ho jAtA thA, to vaha cakravartI samrATa ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hotA thaa| isa pada ke prApta hote hI battIsa hajAra rAjA usake sevaka ke rUpa meM AjJA kA pAlana karate the| jaina-vAGmaya meM aise cakravartI samrAToM meM cakravartI-bharata (RSabhaputra) tathA cakravartI samrAT khAravela ke nAma pramukha haiN| cakravartI bharata ke vizeSa prabhAva tathA apUrva samRddhi kA vistRta varNana AdipurANa (jinasena dvitIya, nauvIM sadI IsvI) meM dRSTavya hai| cakravartI samrATa khAravela (I. pU. dUsarI sadI) ke prabhAva tathA samRddhi-varNana ke lie hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha (bhuvanezvara, ur3IsA) kA adhyayana Avazyaka hai| 2. yuddha-yAtrA- yuddha-yAtrA vastutaH digvijaya jaisI yAtrA hI hai, kintu usameM antara yahI hai ki digvijaya kA kSetra atyanta vistRta hotA hai evaM cAroM dizAoM ke rAjAmahArAjAoM ke sAtha lagAtAra kiye gae saphala yuddhoM se sambandha rakhatA hai| jabaki yuddha 84 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #92
yAtrA kA lakSya kisI eka pradeza-vizeSa athavA rAjya-vizeSa se hI hotA thaa| vizvaitihAsa meM aisI aneka yuddha-yAtrAoM ke varNana milate haiM, jinameM sikandara kI vizvavijaya yAtrA, samrATa azoka kI kaliMga-yuddha yAtrA, samrATa khAravela kI magadha evaM sImAntavartI uttara tathA dakSiNa bhArata kI yuddhayAtrAe~, gaMga, rASTrakUTa evaM cAlukya rAjAoM kI yuddha-yAtrAe~ vistAra-pUrvaka varNita haiN| inake vizeSa-adhyayana ke lie samrATa azoka ke zilAlekha tathA stambha-lekha, hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha, zravaNavelagola ke zilAlekha tathA AcArya hemacandra dvArA likhita kumArapAla-carita kA pArAyaNa Avazyaka hai| saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza ke jaina-sAhitya meM aneka paurANika rAjAoM kI yuddhayAtrAoM ke rocaka varNana upalabdha haiN| ____ 3. vyApAra-yAtrA- kisI bhI deza kI samRddhi kA jJAna usakI vyApArika-yAtrAoM tathA AyAta-niryAta (Import and Exporn) kI jAne vAlI kraya-vikraya sambandhI sAmagriyoM se hotA hai| prAcIna evaM madhyakAlIna prAkRta, saMskRta evaM apabhraMza-bhASAtmaka jaina-sAhitya meM aise aneka ullekha milate haiM, jinase vidita hotA hai ki dakSiNa-pUrva eziyA, pazcima-eziyA ke dvIpa-nagaroM aura sambhavataH yorupIya dezoM meM jaina-sArthavAha samudrI mArgoM se jAkara kraya-vikraya ke kAryoM ke sAtha-sAtha zramaNa-saMskRti kA pracAraprasAra kiyA karate the| uttarAdhyayana-sUtra kI sukhabodhA-TIkA meM varNita sArthavAha-acala kI pArasa-kula (Persian Gulf Countries) kI vyApArika-yAtrA, bhAratIya Arthika jIvana kA zreSTha udAharaNa hai, jisake mAdhyama se kara (Tar) corI kI carcA tathA usameM pakar3e jAne para kaThora daNDa kI carcA bhI kI gaI hai| saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza meM upalabdha mahAsArthavAha zrIpAla, bhaviSyadatta evaM bandhudatta, jinendradatta tathA sAhU naTTala dvArA samudrI-mArga se videza kI vyApArika yAtrAoM ke varNana upalabdha haiN| isa mAdhyama se kaviyoM ne samudrI-vizAla potoM, unake nirmANa tathA uttuMga-dIpa-stambha, yAtrA-prasaMgoM meM samudrI-DAkuoM ke AtaMkoM tathA unase surakSA hetu kar3e prabandha, bhojana-sAmagrI-vyavasthA, cikitsA-sAmagrI, manoraMjana ke sAdhana, prazikSita kuzala pota-saMcAlaka Adi kI bhI rocaka carcAe~ kI haiN| isa sAhitya meM vyApArika sAmagriyoM ke nAmoM ke ullekha to nahIM milate, lekina samakAlIna bhAratIya itihAsa ke adhyayana se vidita hotA hai ki usa samaya kAlI-mirca, lauMga tathA supArI kA utpAdana bhArata meM pracura mAtrA meM hotA thaa| ukta sArthavAha videzoM meM vikrayArtha ina sAmagriyoM ko le jAte hoMge aura vahA~ se badale meM sonA, hIrA, motI, mANikya Adi le Ate hoNge| kAlI-mirca evaM lauMga to pArasakula evaM anya dvIpAntaroM meM itanI lokapriya ho gaI thI ki vahA~ ke logoM ne kAlImirca kA nAma apanI bolI meM "yavanapriyA" tathA lauMga kA nAma "kRSNakalI" hI rakha liyA thaa| yaha ghaTanA itihAsa-prasiddha hai ki roma (iTalI) meM kAlI mirca kI lokapriyatA jaina yAtrA-sAhitya :: 85 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #93
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org itanI adhika bar3ha gaI thI ki vahA~ se usake AyAta ke parivartana meM svarNa ke niryAta se roma kA koSa jaba rikta hone lagA, to ki samaya vahA~ ke zAsaka ko vivaza hokara usake AyAta-niryAta para roka lagAnI par3I thI / dillI (vartamAna dillI) kA mahAsArthavAha naTTala ( 13vIM sadI) itanA baDA vyApArI thA ki deza-videza meM usakI 46 gaddiyA~ (Chambers of Commerce, Trade and Industries) thiiN| isakI rocaka carcA hariyANA ke mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara (13vIM sadI) ne apane vaDDhamANa- cariu evaM pAsaNAhacariu (pro. DaoN. rAjArAma jaina dvArA sampAdita aura bhAratIya jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita) kI prazastiyoM meM kI hai| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 4. jJAna- yAtrA athavA zAstrArtha - - yAtrA- etadviSayaka sAhitya pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha nahIM hai, phira bhI jo kucha milatA hai, vaha hai atyanta rocaka / usameM veda-vedAMgoM ke mahAmanISI kintu apane prakANDa pANDitya ke kAraNa ahaMkArI svabhAva vAle indrabhUti gautama kI yAtrA pramukha hai| jaba ve indra dvArA pUche gaye praznoM kA uttara nahIM de pAe the, taba ve zAstrArtha karane athavA jJAnArjana karane kI bhAvanA se apane gRhanagara gobaragrAma ( nAlandA, bihAra) se ziSya-maNDalI ke sAtha kevalajJAna ke dhArI vardhamAna mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM A rahe the| samavasaraNa ke mukhya dvAra para mAnastambha ke sammukha pahu~cate hI unakA ahaMkArIsvabhAva svayameva vigalita ho gayA thaa| tatpazcAt vinamra bhAva se ve samavasaraNa meM pahu~ce aura antataH mahAvIra ke paTTaziSya banakara unake pravacanoM ko sarvaprathama dvAdazAMga - vANI ke rUpa meM grathita kiyA aura gautama gaNadhara ke nAma se zramaNa-saMskRti ke Adya-ArAdhakaguru ke rUpa meM vikhyAta hue / zravaNabelagolA (karnATaka) meM upalabdha pASANotkIrNa "malliSeNa - prazasti" ke anusAra AcArya samantabhadra (dUsarI sadI ) adbhuta zAstrArtha - premI the| jJAnonmatta - paNDitoM ko DaMkA pITakara zAstrArtha ke lie cunautiyA~ dete hue yAtrAe~ karanA unakA svabhAva bana gayA thA / kA~cI (dakSiNa-bhArata) se calakara aneka nagaroM kA bhramaNa karate-karate jaba ve vArANasI pahu~ce, to vahA~ ke rAjA zivakoTi ne jaba unakA paricaya pUchA, taba samantabhadra ne apane uttara meM svayaM kahA thA ki "maiM kA~cI se lAmbuza, puNDroDa evaM dazapura hotA huA yahA~ vArANasI AyA huuN| he rAjan, maiM jaina nirgranthavAdI hU~ / yahA~ jisa kisI kI bhI zakti ho, mujhase zAstrArtha karane hetu mere sammukha A jaay| " yathA 86 :: jainadharma paricaya kAMcyAM nagnATako'haM malamalinatanulambuzI pANDupiNDaH, puNDreNDe zAkyabhikSurdazapuranagare miSTabhojI parivrAT / vArANasyAmabhUvaM zazakaradhavalaH pANDurAgastapasvI, rAjan, yasyAsti zaktiH saH vadatu purato jainanirgranthavAdI || AcArya samantabhadra eka atyanta nirbhIka, zAstra - pAraMgata, tarkazAstrI, zAstrArthI the / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #94
unhoMne ukta sthaloM ke atirikta aura bhI kahA~-kahA~ kI yAtrAe~ kara zAstrArthoM meM vijaya kA DaMkA pITA thA, usakI carcA unhoMne svayaM hI apanI eka racanA meM isa prakAra kI hai pUrva pATaliputramadhyanagare bherI mayA tADitA, pazcAnmAlavasindhuThakkaviSaye kAMcIpure vaidishe| prApto'haM karahATakaM bahubhaTaM vidyotkaTaM saMkaTam, vAdArthI vicarAmyahamnarapateH zArdUlavikrIDitam / / arthAt he rAjan, maiMne pahale pATaliputra nagara ke madhya meM zAstrArtha kI bherI bajAyI thii| punaH mAlava, sindha, Dhakka-viSaya, kAMcIpura aura vidizA meN| tatpazcAt mahAn vidyAvidoM ke nagara karahATaka-nagara aayaa| isa prakAra he rAjan, maiM zAstrArtha-hetu siMha ke samAna yatratatra vicaraNa karatA rahatA huuN|" AcArya samantabhadra ne apane Atma-vizvAsa se paripUrNa bahuAyAmI pANDitya ke gaurava kA paricaya apanI eka anya racanA meM isa prakAra diyA hai AcAryo'haM kavirahamahaM vAdirAT paNDito'ham, daivajJo'haM bhiSagahamahaM mAntrikastAntriko'ham / rAjannasyAM jaladhivalayAmekhalAyAmilAyAham, AjJAsiddhaH kimiti bahunA siddhasArasvato'ham / / arthAt he rAjan, maiM eka AcArya-kavi hU~, zAstrArthiyoM meM zreSTha tathA paNDita, jyotiSI, vaidya, mAntrika aura tAntrika huuN| adhika kyA kahU~? isa sampUrNa pRthivI para AjJAsiddha aura siddha-sArasvata hU~ maiN| Atma-paricaya kA aisA rocaka udAharaNa anyatra nahIM miltaa| vipra kulotpanna AcArya siddhasena-divAkara jaina-nyAya-tarkazAstriyoM meM agragaNya dArzanika ke rUpa meM vikhyAta haiN| prArambha se hI unakA saMskRta-bhASA para asAdhAraNa adhikAra thA aura svabhAvata: the ve atyanta garvIle, sAtha hI zAstrArtha ke atyanta shaukiin| zAstrArtha kara ve paNDitoM ko parAjita karane hetu sadaiva dUrvAdala evaM DaNDA lekara yAtrAe~ karate rahate the aura parAjita-paNDita ke mu~ha meM dUrvAdala khilAkara hI Age bar3hate the| unakI ina vijaya-yAtrAoM ne paNDitoM ko bhayagrasta kara diyA thaa| ___eka bAra unheM jAnakArI milI ki vRddhavAdI-kSamAzramaNa jaina-darzana ke prakANDa vidvAna haiN| ata: ve yAtrA karate-karate jaba unake nagara meM jA pahu~ce, tabhI unheM patA lagA ki ve vahA~ se vihAra kara cuke haiN| siddhasena ne socA ki ve unake pANDitya se Darakara hI vahA~ se bhAga gaye haiN| ata: unakA pIchA kiyA aura calate-calate eka gahana-vana meM unase sAmanA ho gayA aura vahIM para unhoMne zAstrArtha ke lie cunautI bhI de ddaalii| jaina yAtrA-sAhitya :: 87 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #95
vRddhavAdI-kSamAzramaNa ne unheM samajhAyA ki kisI nagara meM calakara eka subuddha madhyastha ke sammukha hI zAstrArtha honA cAhie, kintu siddhasena ko itanA dhairya kahA~ ? ....saMyoga se vahA~ eka gvAlA gAyeM carAtA huA calA A rahA thaa| ataH siddhasena ne use hI madhyastha banAne kI icchA vyakta kii| vRddhavAdI ne use svIkAra kara liyA aura usI kI madhyasthatA meM zAstrArtha prArambha ho gyaa| siddhasena ne pUrva-pakSa ke rUpa meM apanI alaMkRta durUha-saMskRta meM prazna kiye, kintu vaha gvAlA una praznoM ko bilakula bhI na samajha sakA; kintu vRddhavAdi kSamAzramaNa ne unake praznoM ke uttara lokapriya jana-bhASA meM isa prakAra die Na vi mAriyai Na vi micchA boliyai, Na vi coriyai paradAraha Na vi joiyi| Tugu-Tugu saMgu nnivaaryi| vRddhavAdi kA yaha uttara suna-samajhakara vaha gvAlA atyanta pramudita ho uThA aura apanA nirNaya sunAte hue unheM (vRddhavAdi ko) zAstrArtha-vijetA ghoSita kara diyaa| siddhasena ne vRddhavAdi ko tatkAla hI apanA guru svIkAra kara liyaa| vRddhavAdi ne bhI siddhasena ke mastaka kI rekhAe~ dekhakara unake svarNima bhaviSya kI parakha karake dIkSA de dI aura unheM jaina-darzana kA adhyayana kraayaa| isa prakAra ve jaina-darzana ke prakANDa tarkazAstrI, evaM dArzanika-vidvAn ke rUpa meM prasiddha hue| unakA 'nyAyAvatAra' grantha isakA zreSTha udAharaNa hai| ___5. dharma-yAtrA- dharma-yAtrA kA mUla uddezya hotA hai dharma kI surakSA hetu kisI azAnta-sthAna se zAnta evaM surakSita sthAna para jaanaa| IsA-pUrva caturtha-sadI meM jaba magadha evaM uttara bhArata meM dvAdaza-varSIya bhISaNa duSkAla par3A thA, taba AcArya bhadrabAhu ne apane bAraha sahasra munisaMgha kI surakSA hetu maurya-samrATa candragupta (prathama) ke sAtha dakSiNabhArata kI yAtrA kI thii| yaha tathya zravaNavelagolA meM upalabdha zilAlekhoM meM varNita hai| bAda meM isa paribhASA meM kucha parivartana dikhAI detA hai| isa dharma-yAtrA meM rAjanIti kA kucha mizraNa milatA hai aura taba dharma-yAtrA kA uddezya ho jAtA hai janatA ke hRdayoM para vijaya prApta karane hetu yAtrAe~ kara usa para dharmAnukUla zAsana karanA / isa prakAra kI dharmayAtrA vastutaH zAsana kI eka navIna maulika cAturyapUrNa rAjanaitika praNAlI thI, jise magadhAdhipati maurya-samrATa azoka ne prArambha kiyA thaa| yadyapi azoka bhI sAmantavAdI rAjatantra-paramparA kA zAsaka thA, kintu usake hRdaya meM pIDita mAnavatA ke prati gaharI sahAnubhUti tathA sevA-bhAvanA kA saMsparza thaa| apanI karuNA evaM saMvedanazIla bhAvanA ke kAraNa vaha "priyadarzI" "devAnAMpriya" jaise zreSTha vizeSaNoM se yukta hokara prAcya bhAratIya itihAsa meM eka Adarza samrATa ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gyaa| 88 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #96
dasavIM sadI kA bhI yAtrA-sambandhI eka aitihAsika udAharaNa milatA hai, jisameM ullekha hai gaMgavaMzI rAjA rAcamalla (dasavIM sadI) ke senApati cAmuNDarAya apanI mAtA kAlaladevI tathA dharmapatnI AdityAdevI kI manokAmanA ko pUrNa karane hetu bha. bAhubalI ke darzanArtha podanapura (vartamAna meM pezAvara, pAkistAna) kI dharmayAtrA kI taiyArI karate haiN| bhale hI, bAda meM unakI vaha yAtrA eka vizeSa sArthaka kAraNa se sthagita ho gaI thii| 6. manoraMjana-yAtrAe~- ye ve yAtrAe~ haiM, jo viziSTa-parvo yA avasaroM para kucha sImita divasoM ke lie kI jAtI thiiN| isa prakAra kI yAtrA ko paryaTana-yAtrA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| aMgrejI meM ise pikanika bhI kahA jAtA hai| isakA mukhya uddezya manoraMjana hotA hai| jaina-sAhitya meM upalabdha vana-vihAra, jala-vihAra, udyAna-vihAra Adi ko isI zreNI kI yAtrAoM meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai| 7. tIrtha-yAtrA-sAhitya- bhAratIya ekatA evaM akhaNDatA ke pratIka mAne jAne vAle prAcIna jaina-tIrthoM kA smaraNa karate hue Adya jainAcArya kundakunda (I.pU. 108-12 = 96 varSa) ne paramparA-prApta 24 jaina-tIrthoM tathA samIpastha parvatoM evaM nadiyoM kA apane nirvANakANDa (prAkRta) ke mAdhyama se zraddhApUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| jisakI prathama evaM antima gAthA haiaTThAvayammi usaho caMpAe vaasupujj-jinnnnaaho| ujjate Nemi-jiNo pAvAe Nivvudo mhaaviiro||1|| sesANaM tu risINaM NivvANaM jammi-jammi tthaannmmi| te haM vaMde savve dukkhkkhy-kaarnntttthaae| 21 / / jinakA padyAnuvAda nimna prakAra kiyA gayA hai:aSTApada AdIzvara svAmi, vAsupUjya campApura naami| neminAtha svAmI giranAra, pAvApuri svAmI mhaaviir|| tIna loka ke tIratha jahA~ nita prati vandana kIjai thaaN| mana-vaca-kAya sahita sira nAya, vandana karahiM bhavika guNa gaay|| tAtparya yaha ki aSTApada (kailAza-parvata) evaM giranAra-parvata ko chor3akara avaziSTa 22 tIrthakaroM kI nirvANa-bhUmi bihAra-jhArakhaNDa meM hone ke kAraNa usakA kaNa-kaNa jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM ke lie pavitra tIrtha-bhUmi kI mAnyatA yugoM-yugoM se calI A rahI hai| yahA~ taka ki tIrthaMkaroM tathA sAdhaka tapasviyoM ke isa pradeza meM vihAra hote rahane ke kAraNa usa pradeza kA nAma bhI "bihAra" ke nAma se nAmita ho gayA hogA, aisA pratIta hotA hai| jaina yAtrA-sAhitya :: 89 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #97
tIrtha yAtrA ko Atma-jAgRti, tattvajJAna kI vizuddhi aura itihAsa evaM saMskRti kI jAnakArI kA pramukha sAdhana mAnA gayA hai, jaisA ki paM. AzAdhara (13vIM sadI) ne kahA hai: sthUlalakSaH kriyAstIrthayAtrAdyA dRgvishuddhye| (sAgAra. 2/84) madhyakAla, vizeSatayA 13vIM sadI se paravartI-kAloM meM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, gujarAtI, kannar3a, rAjasthAnI evaM hindI meM pracura mAtrA meM jaina-tIrtha-yAtrA-sAhitya kA praNayana kiyA gayA, jisameM se kucha racanAoM meM sAmUhika rUpa meM tIrtha-yAtrAoM kA varNana hai aura kucha meM ekala-vizeSa tIrtha-yAtrA kA varNana / ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ke pAsa aisI kucha prakAzita evaM aprakAzita lagabhaga 50 racanAoM kI sUcI hai| sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa jinakA vivaraNa prastuta karanA yahA~ sambhava nhiiN| inake atirikta uttara-madhyakAlIna eka aprakAzita pANDulipi kI pratilipi bhI mere pAsa surakSita hai, jisameM 44 jaina-tIrthoM kI yAtrA ke vyaktigata anubhava tathA vahA~ surakSita kalApUrNa hIre-mANikya Adi kI bahumUlya jaina-mUrtiyoM kA vivaraNAtmaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| sammeda-zikhara-tIrtha-sambandhI yAtrA-vRttAnta bhI kucha AcArya-lekhakoM ne likhe haiN| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki 19vIM sadI ke antima caraNa taka iMjana vAle vega-gAmI yAnavAhanoM kA pracalana nahIM thaa| ata: tIrthayAtrI yA-to pada-yAtrA karate the athavA bhakta -janoM ke samUha ke sAtha bailagAr3iyoM meM tIrthayAtrAe~ kiyA karate the| mahAkavi banArasIdAsa (vi. saM. 1698) ne apane "ardhakathAnaka" nAma ke Atmacaritagrantha meM zAhajAdA salIma ke kRpApAtra tathA eka jagataseTha ke vaMzaja jauharI hIrAcanda mukIma kI apane jaina saMgha ke sAtha sammedazakhara kI yAtrA kI rocaka carcA kI hai| yaha yAtrA prayAga se calI thii| vaha yAtrI-saMgha lagabhaga sAta mAha ke bAda ghara lauTa sakA thaa| mArga meM unheM kina-kina kaThinAiyoM tathA bImAriyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3A thA, unakA bhI romAMcaka varNana isameM kiyA gayA hai| (de. ardhakathA. 224-230) etadviSayaka eka anya aprakAzita pANDulipi bhI upalabdha hai-"zrI sammedasikhira kI yAtrA kA samAcAra" jisake anusAra mainapurI (uttarapradeza) se nagaraseTha sAhU dhanasiMha ke netRtva meM 250 bailagADiyoM ke sAtha eka hajAra yAtriyoM ne vi. saM. 1867 kArtika vadI paMcamI, budhavAra ko prasthAna kiyA thA aura sammedazikhara ke darzanAdi karake mAgha-sudI 15 ko madhuvana se lauTI thii| isa yAtrA meM bhI lagabhaga 7 mAha kA samaya avazya laga gayA hogaa| (yaha pANDulipi adyAvadhi aprakAzita hai, jo jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA (bihAra) meM surakSita hai)| tIrtha-yAtrA sambandhI eka anya pANDulipi bhI upalabdha hai-"jainabidrI-mUlabidrIjAtrA" (bhaTTAraka surendrakIrti kRta), jisameM bha. surendrakIrti ne jijJAsA evaM tIrthabhaktipUrvaka sonAgira se lekara mathurA taka 44 tIrthoM kI yAtrA-vandanA kara unake viSaya meM unheM 90 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #98
jo-jo bhI jAnakAriyA~ milI thIM, unakI sundara carcA kI hai| aise tIrthoM meM unhoMne sonAgira, papaurA, droNagiri, rezaMdIgiri, kuNDalapura, siddhavarakUTa, rAmaTeka, meDhagiri, kAraMjA, antarikSa-pArzvanAtha, nemigiri, begamagaMja (haidrAbAda) ke jaina mandira, candraghATa, kulapAka, vilagurunagara (zravaNavelagola) ke gommaTasvAmI, ainApuranagara, harIveTa, talaghATI, dharmasthala, mUlabidrI, kArakala, varaMgA, samudratIramandira, hummaca, kalikuNDa-pArzvanAtha, punI (pUnA) mAMgItuMgI, taraMjA (tAraMgA), giranAra, nagaratAra, kezariyA-RSabhadeva, cUlagiri, kunthalagiri, jhAlariyApATana (jhAlarApATana), ujjaina, gvAliyara, jayapura, sAMgAnera, Amera, dhA (?), rAjagaDha, dillI, hatanApura (hastinApura) evaM mathurA ke nAmollekha kara unakA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA hai| ukta bhaTTAraka surendrakIrti ne apanI tIrtha-yAtrA ke prasaMga meM jina-jina tIrthoM meM ve gaye the, unameM se adhikAMza kI pArasparika dariyA~, kisa-kisa mandira meM kisa-kisa varNa kI kitanI-kitanI mUrtiyA~ haiM tathA vahA~ ke parvatIya-vivaraNa evaM mandiroM taka pahu~cane ke lie banI huI sIr3hiyoM kI saMkhyA bhI batalAI hai| usI pANDulipi meM jainabidrI-mUDabidrI kI ratnamayI mUrtiyoM kA vivaraNa, dharmasthala kI samRddhi evaM vahA~ ke rAjA hegar3e kA sAdara ullekha Adi aura varaMgA, hu~macA, kArakala Adi kI kalA-samRddhi, atizayatA aura saundarya kI carcA bhI kI hai| isa prakAra A~khoM dekhA vivaraNa prAmANika evaM itihAsa kI dRSTi se atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| aisA yAtrAvivaraNa anyatra durlabha hai| yaha pANDulipi adyAvadhi aprakAzita hai| usakI pratilipi ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ke pAsa surakSita hai| jaina tIrtha-yAtrA-prasaMgoM meM vaise-to aura bhI likhA jA sakatA hai, kintu sthAnAbhAva ke kAraNa yahA~ sambhava nhiiN| saMkSepa meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki prAcyakAlIna saMskRti kA pramukha kendra-pATaliputra (-seTha sudarzana kI zUlI-sthalI tathA mokSa-prApti-sthalIkamaladaha-(kamalahRda)-gulajArabAga, AcArya samantabhadra kI zAstrArtha-sthalI, zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu kI sAdhanA-sthalI, magadhAdhipati samrATa candragupta maurya kI rAjadhAnI aura mahAmati cANakya kA nivAsa-sthala , megAsthanIja, phAhiyAna, hvenatsAMga, itsiMga tathA itihAsakAra Murrrcy Adi dvArA mukta -kaNTha se prazaMsita pATaliputra nagara-tIrtha, nirgranthoM evaM AjIvikoM kI sAdhanA-hetu samrATa azoka dvArA nirmApita gorathagiri kI (vartamAnakAlIna gayA kI samIpavartI barAbarakI pahAr3I para sthita) guphAe~ tIrthaMkara-mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi tathA vizva ke itihAsa meM sarvaprathama gaNatantrIya zAsana-praNAlI kI janmadAtrI vaizAlI pUrva se pazcima evaM pazcima se pUrva kI ora vihAra karane vAle zalAkA-mahApuruSoM evaM jainAcAryoM ke gamanAgamana-mArga tathA vizrAma-sthalI-ArAmanagara (arthAt bagIcoM kA nagara-vartamAnakAlIna ArA-nagara) jaina yAtrA-sAhitya :: 91 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #99
apanI AdhyAtmika evaM bhautika-samRddhi ke lie suprasiddha aura bArahaveM tIrthaMkara vAsapUjya kI mokSa-prApti-nagarI campApurI evaM mandAragiri (bhAgalapura)- isI prakAra supArzvanAtha evaM pArzvanAtha kI janma-sthalI-vArANasI; zreyAMsanAtha kI janmasthalI zrRMgapurI (vartamAnakAlIna sAranAtha); tathA candraprabha-svAmI kI janma-sthalI candrapurI (vArANasI) jaise jaina-tIrthoM kI yAtrA kiye binA jaina bhaktoM kI tIrtha-yAtrA adhUrI hI mAnI jAtI hai| isI prakAra hariyANA-nivAsI mahAkavi vibudha zrIdhara (13vIM sadI) kI dillIyAtrA, jahA~ unhoMne (mahAsArthavAha-) naTTala-sAhU dvArA nirmApita gaganacumbI zikharoM vAle vizAla nAbheya-mandira (AdinAtha-mandira) ke darzana kara vahIM para baiThakara usane apane apabhraMza-bhASAtmaka "pAsaNAhacariu" nAma kA vistRta-grantha likhA thA (bhAratIya jJAnapITha dvArA prkaashit)| bAda meM durbhAgya se kutubuddIna-aibaka ne usI nAbheya-mandira tathA mAnastambha aura anya kucha mandiroM ko dhvasta kara unakI sAmagriyoM se kutuba-mInAra tathA kutubbulaislAma nAma kI masjida kA nirmANa karA diyA thaa| prastuta nibandha kA viSaya adyAvadhi upekSita hI banA rhaa| bhAratIya jJAnapITha ne sambhavataH prathama bAra use rekhAMkita karane ke lie mujhe prerita kiyaa| usake lie maiM AbhArI prArambha meM etadviSayaka sUtra khojane meM mujhe usI prakAra kaThinAI huI, jisa prakAra samudrI-taTa kI bAlU meM bikhare hue sarSapa-bIjoM ke khojane meM kaThinAI hotI hai, kintu mujhe lagatA hai ki merA yaha parizrama sArthaka rhaa| ukta varNya-viSaya ke sUtra nissandeha hI jainavAGmaya meM pracura mAtrA meM yatra-tatra bikhare par3e haiM aura unheM eka-baddha kara unake vizleSaNAtmaka prastutIkaraNa se eka sarasa-rocaka grantha taiyAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| 92 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #100
jainatIrtha DaoN. gulAbacandra jaina bhArata ke pratyeka dharma meM tIrthoM kI mAnyatA hai| ye tIrtha pavitratA, Atma-zAnti aura kalyANa ke dhAma mAne jAte haiN| zraddhA-bhAva se inakI yAtrA karane se puNya kA saMcaya to hotA hI hai, paramparA se ye mokSa-prApti ke sAdhana bhI haiN| ___ jaina-zAstroM meM tIrtha kA prayoga aneka arthoM meM huA hai| AcArya jinasena kRta 'AdipurANa' meM ullekha hai- jo apAra saMsAra se pAra karAye, vaha tIrtha hai : 'saMsArAbdherapArasya taraNe tIrthamiSyate' aura aisA tIrtha jinendra bhagavAna kA caritra hai arthAt jinendra kI kathA kA AkhyAna tIrtha hai| 'yuktyanuzAsana' meM AcArya samantabhadra tIrtha ko mAtra tIrtha na mAnakara use 'sarvodaya tIrtha' kahate haiN| unake anusAra, sabhI prakAra kI ApadAoM (Adhi-vyAdhiyoM) kA anta karane vAlA tathA sabake lie kalyANakArI hone se yaha sarvodaya tIrtha kahalAtA hai- 'sarvApadAmantakaraM nirantaM sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tvaiv|' kinhIM AcAryoM ne ise 'kSetramaMgala' bhI kahA hai| tIrthoM kI saMracanA sAmAnyataH jina sthAnoM para tIrthaMkaroM ke garbha, janma, mahAbhiniSkramaNa (dIkSA), kevalajJAna aura nirvANakalyANaka meM se koI eka yA aneka kalyANaka hue hoM, yA- phira kisI vItarAgI tapasvI munirAja ko kevalajJAna yA nirvANa prApta huA ho, vaha sthAna unauna maharSiyoM ke saMsarga se pAvana aura pUjya bana jAtA hai| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jo bhUmikhaMDa tIrthaMkara, mahApuruSa yA munirAja ke pAvana saMsarga meM AyA, vicaraNa kAla meM ve jahA~ rahe yA dharmopadeza diyA, vaha sthAna pUjya bana gayA-tIrtha bana gyaa| saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki tIrthaMkaroM aura vItarAgI maharSiyoM ne Atma-saMyama, dhyAna aura tapazcaraNa se apane janma-jarA-maraNa se mukti kI sAdhanA kI, sAtha hI anAdikAla se sAMsArika duHkhoM ko bhogate A rahe, ajJAnI yA mithyA mArga para cale A rahe prANiyoM ko samyak mArga batalAyA, ve mahApuruSa saMsAra ke prANiyoM ke akAraNa bandhu yA upakAraka bana gye| unake prati apanI kRtajJatA prakaTa karane aura sthAna vizeSa para ghaTita puNyakArI ghaTanAoM ko jainatIrtha :: 93 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #101
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nirantara smRti meM banAye rakhane ke lie usa bhUmi para jo saMracanA hotI hai, vaha 'tIrtha' kahalAne lagatA hai| tIrthoM ke prakAra digambara samAja meM pramukhatA se tIna prakAra ke tIrtha pracalita haiM- siddhakSetra (yA nirvANa - sthala), kalyANakakSetra aura atizayakSetra / siddhakSetra use kahate haiM, jahA~ se kisI tIrthaMkara yA kinhIM vItarAgI tapasvI munirAja kA nirvANa huA ho| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki carama evaM parama puruSArtha ke pratIka hone se nirvANakAla meM aise sthAna para saudharma indra tathA anya devagaNa bhakti-bhAva se pUjA ko Ate haiM aura usa bhUmi vizeSa ko cihnita kara dete haiM, phira usI sthAna para bhaktajana zraddhApUrvaka unake caraNa - cihna sthApita kara dete haiN| aise sthAna dhIre-dhIre zraddhA ke kendra bana jAte haiM / siddhakSetra : tIrthaMkaroM ke nirvANakSetra kula pA~ca haiM : kailAsa parvata (aSTApada), campApura, Urjayantagiri (giranAra ), sammedazikhara aura pAvApura / kailAsa se AditIrthaMkara RSabhadeva, campApura se bArahaveM tIrthaMkara vAsupUjya, Urjayantagiri se bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara neminAtha, pAvApura se antima tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIra ne mukti prApta kI tathA zeSa bI tIrthaMkaroM aura vItarAgI tapasviyoM ne sammedazikhara se nirvANa prApta kara usa bhUmi aura vahA~ ke sampUrNa parisara ko pAvana kiyaa| inake atirikta kucha aisI nirvANabhUmiyA~ haiM, jahA~ se mAtra vItarAgI muni yA munirAjoM ne tapazcaraNa kara nirvANa lAbha kiyA / 'nirvANa - bhakti' meM aise aneka ullekha haiN| udAharaNa ke lie kailAsa parvata se bharata, bAhubali, bhagIratha Adi anekAneka mahApuruSoM ne tapazcaraNa kara mukti pAI / giranAra se bhagavAna neminAtha ke atirikta pradyumnakumAra, aniruddhakumAra Adi munirAjoM ne nirvANa - lAbha kiyaa| ukta pA~ca nirvANa bhUmiyoM ke alAvA aura bhI aise kaI kSetra haiM, jahA~ se munirAjoM ne mukti prApta kii| paTanA ke kamaladaha nAmaka sthAna se muni sudarzana kumAra ne, rAjagRhI se tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke gaNadhara, jambUkumAra, jIvandhara Adi munirAja, guNAvA se gautama svAmI mokSadhAma gye| mahArASTra meM gajapanthA ko baladeva Adi kI, zatruMjaya ko tIna pAMDavoM (yudhiSThira, bhIma aura arjuna) kI tathA mA~gItuMgI ko rAmacandra, hanumAna, sugrIva Adi munirAjoM kI nirvANasthalI kahA gayA hai| ur3IsA ke udayagiri-khaMDagiri, madhya pradeza ke sonAgiri, droNagiri, cUlagiri (bar3avAnI), pAvAgiri, siddhavarakUTa tathA gujarAta ke tAraMgA, pAlItANA, pAvAgar3ha bhI siddhakSetra mAne jAte haiN| isa prakAra siddhakSetroM kI kula saMkhyA chabbIsa mAnI gayI hai| kalyANakakSetra : ye ve kSetra haiM jahA~ kisI tIrthaMkara kA garbha, janma, dIkSA aura kevalajJAna meM se koI eka yA ekAdhika kalyANaka hue hoM / hastinApura, zaurIpura, ahicchatra, vArANasI, kAkandI Adi aise hI tIrtha sthAna haiN| bhagavAna RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha, 94 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #102
abhinandana, sumati aura anantanAtha ke garbha evaM janmakalyANaka ayodhyA meM hue| RSabhadeva ko chor3akara ukta cAroM tIrthaMkaroM ke dIkSA aura kevalajJAna kalyANaka ayodhyA ke nikaTa hI sahetuka vana meM manAye gye| isI prakAra bhagavAna sambhavanAtha ke garbha, janma, dIkSA aura kevalajJAna zrAvastI meM; padmaprabha ke garbha-janma-kalyANaka kauzAmbI meM, pArzva aura supArzvanAtha ke garbha, janma evaM dIkSA tathA supArzvanAtha kA kevalajJAna kalyANaka vArANasI meM hue| hastinApura, candrapurI, kAkandI, bhaddilapura, campApurI, siMhapurI, kampilA, ratanapurI, mithilApurI, ahicchatra, zaurIpura, rAjagRhI Adi bhI kalyANakakSetra haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke garbha-janma-dIkSA-kalyANaka vaizAlI ke kuMDagrAma meM tathA kevalajJAna kalyANaka jRmbhikagrAma meM hue| isI prakara tIrthaMkara vimalanAtha ke garbha, janma, tapa va jJAna rUpa cAra kalyANaka kampilA nagarI meM hue| __ atizayakSetra : ye aise sthAna haiM, jahA~ kisI TIle, kheta yA z2amIna se ghaTanAtmaka rUpa se kisI mUrtivizeSa yA mUrtiyoM ke prApta hone para yA phira mUrti ke nirmANa meM camatkArika ghaTanA ghaTane se unakI sthApanA ke lie kAlAntara meM vedI yA mandira kA nirmANa kara diyA gayA ho, aura phira kAlAntara meM vaha janasAdhAraNa ke AkarSaNa kA kendra bana gayA ho yA phira jisa mUrti-vizeSa ke darzana se kucha cAmatkArika ghaTanAoM ke ghaTane se aise sthaloM ko atizaya kSetra mAnA gyaa| janasAdhAraNa dvArA aise sthAnoM ko Atmika zAnti ke sAtha-sAtha aihika kAmanA kI pUrti kI mAnyatA mila jAtI hai| uttara pradeza meM devagar3ha, mathurA, zrAvastI, ahicchatra, prayAga, paphosA, kampila, rAjasthAna meM zrI mahAvIrajI, tijArA, cA~dakher3I, padmapurA Adi kA vizeSa mahattva hai| mahArASTra evaM dakSiNa ke prAyaH sabhI kSetroM kI gaNanA aise hI tIrthoM meM kI jAtI hai| tapasvI evaM RddhidhArI muniyoM kI tapobhUmiyoM meM yadA-kadA aise camatkAra dekhane ko milate rahe haiM / sampUrNa bhArata meM ukta kSetroM kI sthApanA sAtavIM-AThavIM IsavI se prAcIna nahIM hai| vartamAna meM inakI saMkhyA apekSAkRta adhika hai, lagabhaga tIna sau| samaya ke sAtha yaha saMkhyA bar3hatI hI jA rahI hai| ye kSetra deza ke prAyaH hara bhAga meM phaile hue haiN| kalAkSetra : deza ke kucheka bhAgoM meM aise bhI kSetra haiM, jo siddhakSetra yA kalyANakakSetra athavA atizayakSetra na hote hue bhI jaina kalA, purAtattva evaM itihAsa kI dRSTi se itane mahattvapUrNa haiM ki unheM hama tIrthakSetra jaisA hI vaiziSTya dete haiN| ye kalAkSetra jainoM kI bar3I dharohara haiN| inake dvArA hama jainadharma ke anuyAyI zAsakoM kA itihAsa, unake vaibhava se to paricita hote hI haiM, jainadharma ke vikAsa aura tatkAlIna samAja meM usakI pratiSThA kA bhI hama bhalI-bhA~ti jJAna prApta kara sakate haiN| vistArabhaya se yahA~ hama unakI saMkSipta nAmAvalI hI de pA rahe haiN| devagar3ha, gvAliyara kA qilA, khajurAho, khaMDagiri-udayagiri, ajayagar3ha, gyArasapura, kArItalAI, patiyAnadAI, udayapura, bijauliyA, cittaur3agar3ha kA kIrtistambha, cA~davar3a ke guphA mandira, dhArAziva kI guphAe~, ailorA kI guphAe~, gommaTezvara jainatIrtha :: 95 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #103
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bAhabali, mUDabidrI, halebiDa, veNUra, kArkala, vAdAmI kI guphAe~, sittanavAsala kI guphAe~, tirupattikuMjarama, karandaI, tirumalai Adi aneka sthAnoM kI gaNanA kalAkSetroM ke rUpa meM kI jA sakatI hai| inameM bhI gommaTezvara bAhubali, halebiDa, vAdAmI kI guphAe~, sittanavAsala kI guphAoM ke bhitticitra, khajurAho, gvAliyara kA qilA Adi aise kalA-sthAna haiM, jinakI jAnakArI ke binA bhAratIya kalA-purAtattva kA adhyayana adhUrA hI kahA jaaegaa| dezavideza ke paryaTakoM, kalA-marmajJoM, purAtattva-vettAoM evaM itihAsakAroM ke lie ye mahAna AkarSaNa ke kendra bane hue haiN| inheM dekhakara aisA lagatA hai, jaise inake nirmANa meM koI daivIya prabhAva bhI sAkSAt yA parokSa meM rahA hai| ina sthAnoM meM jaina tIrthaMkara mUrtiyA~, bhitticitra, mandira, zAsanadevI-devatAoM kI mUrtiyA~, guphA mandira, jaina pratIka aura zilAlekha tathA tAr3apatrIya pAMDulipiyA~ vizeSa darzanIya hone ke sAtha-sAtha adhyayana kI mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI prastuta karatI haiN| tIrtha-yAtrA : kaba aura kaise ___ yoM to kabhI bhI tIrtha-yAtrA kI jA sakatI hai, puNya kA saMcaya to hotA hI hai, phira bhI anukUla samaya, anukUla vAtAvaraNa meM tIrtha yAtrA kA Ananda kucha aura hI hai| tIrtha para jAkara bhagavAna se sAMsArikatA ko bar3hAne vAlI kisI bhI vastu kI kAmanA nahIM karanA caahie| niSkAma bhakti hI zreSTha bhakti kahalAtI hai| 'viSApahAra' meM kitanA acchA likhA hai, dekhie : iti stutiM deva vidhAya dainyAd varaM na yAce tvmupekssiko'si| chAyAtalaM saMzrayata: svataH syAt kazchAyayA yaacityaatmlaabhH| 38 // arthAt : he deva! stuti kara cukane para Apase koI varadAna nahIM maaNgtaa| Akhira mA~gUM bhI to kyA mA~gUM! Apa to vItarAga haiM, phira mA~geM bhI to kisalie? bhalA koI chAyA tale baiThane ke lie per3a se chAyA mA~gatA hai ? bhagavAna kI zaraNa pAkara yAcanA karanA hI vyartha jaisA ki Upara kahA gayA hai, tIrtha-yAtrA kA mukhya dhyeya AtmazAnti yA Atmazuddhi hai, ataH isake lie pahalI zarta hai- yAtrA ke samaya jitanA bhI sambhava ho sake, sAMsArikatA se svayaM ko nirvatta rkhe| aisA isalie ki ghara-gRhasthI meM rahakara vyakti ko jIvana-yApana kI aneka cintAe~ lagI rahatI haiM, aneka prakAra kI AkulatAe~ ghere rahatI haiN| AtmazAnti ke lie use avakAza nikAlanA kaThina ho jAtA hai| aise meM vaha kisI 96 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #104
naye pariveza meM jAnA cAhatA hai- kisI avinAzI sampadA kI cAha meN| sandeha nahIM ki tIrthaMkaroM, vItarAgI muniyoM yA mahApuruSoM kI tapobhUmi para pahu~cate hI, vahA~ ke parama pAvana pariveza kA sparza pAte hI, usakA mana ullasita ho uThatA hai| tIrtha-bhUmi kI raja hI itanI pavitra hotI hai ki usake sparza se hI usake pariNAma badalane lagate haiM aura usake lie AtmazAnti kA mArga svataH sarala bana jAtA hai| tIrtha-yAtrA kA dhyeya hI jaba Atmazuddhi hai, to isakI pahalI zarta hai ki yathAsambhava para se nirvRtti aura AtmA kI prvRtti| tIrtha para jAkara tIrthaMkaroM aura vItarAgI muniyoM, mahApuruSoM ke jIvana va unakI sAdhanA kA bArambAra smaraNa kara apane jIvana ko nizchala bhAva se usa dizA meM mor3anA hamArA pahalA kartavya honA caahie| sAMsArikatA meM grasta kucha loga aisA mAna baiThe haiM ki samaya nikAlakara tIrtha kI ekAdhika vandanA yA aneka parikramAe~ karane se, pUjA-pATha yA adhika dAna yA car3hAvA dene Adi aneka kriyAoM se uddiSTa lAbha pAyA jA sakatA hai, puNya juTAyA jA sakatA hai| Atmazuddhi huI ki nahIM, isase vizeSa sarokAra nahIM rahatA, to samajha lIjie ki usane tIrtha yAtrA kA mahattva nahIM samajhA aura na hI kucha paayaa| kahA bhI gayA hai : tIratha cAle doI jana, cita caMcala mana cor| ekahu pApa na utarayA, dasa mana lAye aura // tIrtha-bhUmiyoM kI vandanA kA mAhAtmya hI yaha hai ki tana-mana kI zucitA ko apanAyA jAe, apanI pravRtti ko saMsAra kI cintAoM se dUra rakhakara vItarAgI mahApuruSoM ke jIvana kA zraddhA ke sAtha cintana karate hue Atma-kalyANa kI ora apane citta kI avasthA bnaae| siddhakSetra (nirvANakSetra) aSTApada (kailAsa) prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva aSTApada se mukta hue the| aSTApada ko kailAsa parvata evaM dhavalagiri bhI kahA jAtA hai| harivaMzapurANa' meM AcArya jinasena ne tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI nirvANa-prApti kA varNana karate hue likhA hai tasminnadrau jinendraH sphaTikamaNizilAjAlaramye niSaNNo yogAnAM sannirodhaM saha dazabhiratho yoginAM yaiH shsraiH| kRtvA kRtvAntamante caturaparamahAkarmabhedasya zarma sthAnaM sthAnaM sa saiddhaM smgmdmlsrgdhraabhyy'maanH|| 12.81 // arthAt, 'sphaTikamaNi kI zilAoM se ramaNIya usa kailAsa parvata para ArUr3ha hokara . jainatIrtha :: 97 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #105
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org bhagavAna ne eka hajAra rAjAoM ke sAtha yoga-nirodha kiyA aura anta meM cAra aghAtiyA karmoM kA anta kara nirmala mAlAoM ke dhAraka devoM se pUjita ho, anantasukha ke sthAnabhUta mokSapada ko prApta kiyaa|' na kevala RSabhadeva, balki munirAja bharata, bAhubali, vRSabhasena gaNadhara Adi bhI isI parvata se mukta hue / dvitIya tIrthaMkara ajitanAtha ke pitAmaha tridazaMjaya ne bhI munidIkSA dhAraNa kara tapazcaraNa karate hue mukti pAyI / inake atirikta rAjA bhagIratha, nAgakumAra, hariSeNa cakravartI ke putra harivAhana Adi aneka mahApuruSoM ne bhI kailAsagiri meM dIkSA lI aura vahIM se nirvANa prApta kiyA / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 'hariSeNa kathAkoSa' meM aisA bhI ullekha hai ki bharata cakravartI ne kailAsa ke ramya zikhara para paMktibaddha 72 jinAlayoM meM aneka varNa kI ratna- -pratimAe~ pratiSThita karAyI thiiN| bAda meM una mandiroM ke cAroM ora rAjA sagara ke putroM ne pitA kI AjJAnusAra gaMgA nadI se parikhA banavAyI thI / 'padmapurANa' (sarga 9) meM isa prasaMga meM laMkAdhipati dazAnana kI eka ghaTanA kA bahuta rocaka varNana hai| laMkAnareza kA vimAna kailAsa zikhara ke Upara se jAte hue eka sthala para ekAeka ruka gyaa| kAraNa pUchane para unake amAtya ne batAyA ki isa parvata para eka mahAtapasvI pratimAyoga dhAraNa kiye hue virAjamAna haiN| aise samaya yaha vimAna isa mArga se unakA atikramaNa nahIM kara sktaa| phira kyA thA, vimAna se utarakara laMkAnareza unake darzana ko phuNcaa| pAsa Ate hI unheM dekhakara vaha pahacAna gayA ki yaha to merA mahAzatru bAlI hai| usake sAtha apane ghora saMgharSa kA smaraNa kara krodhAveza meM bolA, 'he durbuddhi ! tU bar3A tapa kara rahA hai ki abhimAna meM Akara merA vimAna roka liyaa| maiM tere isa ahaMkAra ko abhI naSTa kiye de rahA hU~ / ' kahakara, vidyAbala se apanI donoM bhujAoM ko phailAkara kailAsa ko ukhAr3ane ke lie jyoM hI udyata huA, ki tabhI munirAja bAlI ne avadhijJAna se dazAnana ke isa duSTa abhiprAya ko jAna liyA / parvata ke vicalita hone se bharata cakravartI dvArA nirmita mandira naSTa ho jAe~ge - aisA socakara unhoMne jyoM hI apane paira a~gUThe se parvata ko dabAyA to dazAnana dabakara burI taraha ririyAne lagA aura vinayapUrvaka munirAja kI stuti kara kSamAyAcanA karane lgaa| kahA jAtA hai, laMkAdhipati dazAnana kA tabhI se 'rAvaNa' nAma par3a gayA / kAlAntara meM mahAmuni bAlI ne ghora tapazcaraNa karate hue isI parvata se mokSapada prApta kiyaa| 98 :: jainadharma paricaya kailAsa yA aSTApada kahane para himAlaya meM bhAgIrathI, alakanandA aura gaMgA ke taTavartI RSikeza, badrInAtha, kedAranAtha Adi kSetroM kA parisara bhI A jAtA hai / kailAsa jAne ke lie pUrvottara Tanakapura sTezana se basa dvArA pithaurAgar3ha (jilA alamor3A) pahu~cakara, vahA~ se paidala yAtrA dvArA lIpU darrA pAra karake jAyA jA sakatA hai| jauhara mArga yA phira nItI ghATI mArga se bhI vahA~ pahu~cA jA sakatA hai I For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #106
campApura (bihAra pradeza) ___yaha atyanta prAcIna kSetra hai| bArahaveM tIrthaMkara vAsupUjya kI yaha nirvANabhUmi hai| AcArya yativRSabha kI 'tiloyapaNNatti' meM ullekha hai ki bhagavAna vAsupUjya phAlguna kRSNa paMcamI ke dina aparAhna kAla meM azvinI nakSatra meM yahA~ se siddhabhUmi ko prApta hue| unake sAtha 601 muniyoM ne nirvANa prApta kiyA : phagguNabahule paMcamiavaraNhe assiNIsu cNpaae| rUpAhiyachasayajudo siddhigado vaasupujjjinno|| vAsupUjya kI nirvANasthalI ke rUpa meM mandAragiri kA bhI ullekha hai| kahA jAtA hai ki aMgadeza kI rAjadhAnI campA kA kSetra kAphI vistRta thaa| sambhavataH mandAragiri tatkAlIna campA kA bAhya udyAna rahA hogaa| campApura bhArata kI prAcIna aitihAsikasAMskRtika nagariyoM meM se eka hai| hariSeNa kathAkoSa' meM aise aneka rAjAoM evaM unake jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jinakA sambandha campA nagarI se rahA hai| inameM rAjA dantivAhana (mahAvIrakAla meM), hariSeNa cakravartI, dharmaghoSa zreSThI, rAjA karakaMDu pramukha haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra, gaNadhara sudharmA svAmI yahA~ padhAre the| campA para adhikAra kara ajAtazatru ne ise khUba samRddha kiyaa| yaha kSetra bhAgalapura zahara se lagabhaga pA~ca kilomITara dUra hai| yahA~ eka prAcIna digambara mandira hai| isake pUrva aura dakSiNa meM stUpanumA aura mInAranumA lagabhaga pacAsa phuTa U~ce prAcIna mandira haiN| mukhya mandira meM bhagavAna vAsupUjya kI sAr3he tIna phuTa U~cI mUMgA varNa kI pratimA pratiSThita hai, aura bhI aneka vediyoM meM pASANa evaM dhAtu kI mUrtiyA~ virAjamAna haiN| kSetra para aura bhI kaI mandira haiN| giranAra giranAra gujarAta meM suprasiddha nirvANakSetra hai| yahA~ bAisaveM tIrthaMkara neminAtha ne dIkSA lekara yahA~ tapazcaraNa kiyaa| chappana dina pazcAt hI unheM kevalajJAna ho gyaa| pazcAt yahIM se ASADhakRSNa aSTamI ke dina siddha avasthA prApta kii| unake samaya meM isI parvata se 536 anya munirAja bhI mokSa gye| isake atirikta isa kSetra se samaya-samaya para karor3oM munirAjoM ne mukti paayii| 'prAkRta nirvANakAMDa' meM ullekha hai NemisAmI pajjuNNo saMbukumAro taheva anniruddho| bAhattara koDIo ujjate sattasayA vNde|| arthAt bhagavAna nemi ke atirikta pradyumnakumAra, zambukumAra, aniruddhakumAra Adi bahattara karor3a sAta sau muniyoM ne yahA~ se tapazcaraNa karate hue nirvANalAbha kiyaa| jainatIrtha :: 99 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #107
isa kSetra para pA~ca ToMkeM haiN| ina para jAne ke lie sIr3hiyA~ banI huI haiN| prathama ToMka ke pAsa se sahasrAmravana ko eka rAstA jAtA hai, jo nemi prabhu kA dIkSA-prApti aura kevalajJAnaprApti kA sthAna hai| isa parvata para digambara aura zvetAmbara jaina tathA hindU sabhI darzanArtha jAte haiN| yahA~ kucheka aise zilAlekha prApta hue haiM, jinakA aitihAsika mahattva hai| talahaTI ke nIce jaina dharmazAlA aura jaina mandira hai| mandira kI mukhya vedI para bhagavAna neminAtha kI kRSNa varNa kI bhavya mUrti padmAsana meM pratiSThita hai| yahA~ kula milAkara nau vediyA~ haiN| sammedazikhara (jhArakhaMDa) tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva, vAsupUjya, neminAtha aura mahAvIra ko chor3akara ajitanAtha se lekara pArzvanAtha taka zeSa bIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI pAvana nirvANabhUmi hone ke kAraNa ise tIrtharAja kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| isake alAvA anekAneka munirAjoM ne isa parvata para tapasyA kara mukti paayii| prAkRta 'nirvANakAMDa' meM sammedazikhara se bIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI nirvANa-prApti kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai : bIsaM tu jiNavariMdA amarAsura-vaMdidA dhudkilesaa| sammede girisihare NivvANa gayA Namo tesiM // 2 // "tiloyapaNNatti' meM bIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA mukti-prApti kA vistAra se varNana to hai hI, usameM pratyeka tIrthaMkaroM kI mukti-prApti kI tithi, nakSatra aura unake sAtha mukta hone vAle vItarAgI muniyoM kI saMkhyA bhI dI hai| digambara paramparA meM isa prakAra kI mAnyatA hai ki tIrthaMkara bhagavAna jisa-jisa sthAna se mukta hue, usa-usa sthAnavizeSa para saudharma indra ne Akara cihnasvarUpa svastika banA diyaa| pazcAt, zrAvakoM ne una-una sthAnoM para caraNacihna sthApita kara diye| vartamAna meM tIrtharAja sammedazikhara kA eka sthApita nAma hai- pArzvanAtha hil| yaha jhArakhaMDa ke hajArIbAga jile meM sthita hai| yahA~ pahu~cane ke lie gayA-dillI mArga para pArzvanAtha sTezana para utaranA hotA hai| sTezana se lagabhaga eka phalAMga kI dUrI para 'IsarI' gA~va meM do digambara dharmazAlAe~- terApanthI aura bIsapanthI- banI huI haiN| phATaka ke bhItara hI zikharabanda eka bhavya mandira hai| yahIM para rASTrasanta kSu. gaNezaprasAda varNI kI samAdhi hai| IsarI se lagabhaga 22 ki.mI. kI dUrI para parvata kI talahaTI meM 'madhuvana' hai| yahA~ terApanthI aura bIsapanthI koThI nAma se do vizAla dharmazAlAe~ tathA eka zvetAmbara dharmazAlA hai| sammedazikhara kI yAtrA ke lie Upara jAne ke do mArga haiM- eka to nImiyA ghATa se parvata kI dakSiNa dizA se hai, jahA~ se sabase pahale pArzvanAtha ToMka (ise kUTa bhI kahate 100 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #108
haiM) par3atI hai| dUsarA mArga madhuvana kI ora se hai| yAtriyoM ke lie yahI mArga suvidhAjanaka hai| kula yAtrA aThAraha mIla kI hai| snAna karake prAta: tIna-cAra baje se yaha yAtrA prArambha hotI hai tathA zAma taka yAtrI lauTa Ate haiN| ___ parvata para Upara pahu~cane para sarvaprathama gautama svAmI kI ToMka milatI hai| yahA~ se bAyeM mur3akara pUrva dizA kI ora pandraha ToMkoM kI vandanA karanI hotI hai| candraprabha kI ToMka apekSAkRta dUra aura U~cAI para hai| pUrva dizA kI ToMkoM kI yAtrA ke bAda bIca meM jalamandira hote hue punaH pazcima kI ToMkoM kI vandanA karate hue pArzvanAtha ToMka pahu~cate haiN| yaha antima ToMka hai| yahA~ bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA bhavya mandira hai| tIrtharAja kI vandanA se sAdhaka ko bahuta puNyArjana hotA hai| kahAvata hai- 'bhAvasahita bandai jo koI tAhi naraka-pazugati nahiM hoii|' / prasaMgataH rAjagRhI kA saMkSipta ullekha kara denA ucita lagatA hai| rAjagRhI prAcInakAla se jaina nagarI rahI hai| isa nagara ke prAcIna nAma paMcazailapura, giribraja aura kuzAgrapura bhI milate haiN| bIsaveM tIrthaMkara munisuvrata kI janmanagarI hone kA gaurava ise prApta hai| yaha RSabhadeva aura vAsupUjya ke atirikta zeSa ikkIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI samavasaraNabhUmi bhI rahI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM isa nagarI kA bar3A mahattva thaa| isa nagarI meM pA~ca zaila (parvata) haiN| krama se pA~coM nAma haiM- RSigiri, vaibhAragiri, vipulAcala, balAhaka parvata aura paanndduk| ina pA~coM parvatoM kA nAma jaina sAhitya evaM purANagranthoM meM paryApta mAtrA meM milatA hai| rAjagRha bauddhoM kA bhI pramukha kendra rahA hai| pAvApurI (bihAra) antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI nirvANasthalI hai paavaapurii| tiloyapaNNatti' meM likhA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kArtika kRSNa caturdazI ke dina pratyUSakAla meM svAti nakSatra ke rahate hue akele siddha hue : kattiyakiNhe codasipaccUse saadinnaamnnkkhtte| pAvAe NayarIe ekko vIresaro siddho|| prAkRta 'nirvANabhakti' kI pahalI gAthA hai : pAvAe nivvudo mhaaviiro| arthAt pAvApurI meM mahAvIra svAmI kA nirvANa huaa| jisa sthAna para mahAvIra kA nirvANa huA thA, vahA~ aba eka vizAla sarovara ke bIca saMgamaramara kA eka bhavya mandira nirmita hai| ise jalamandira kahate haiM / isa mandira taka jAne ke lie eka pravezadvAra hai, jahA~ se lAla pASANa kA 600 phuTa lambA pula banA huA hai| mandira ke sAmane saMgamaramara kA eka vizAla cabUtarA hai| jainatIrtha :: 101 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #109
jalamandira ke sAmane eka samavasaraNa mandira hai, jisameM bhagavAna ke caraNa virAjamAna haiN| vartamAna meM vahIM zvetAmbaroM kA bhI samavasaraNa mandira hai| jalamandira ke kucha hI dUrI para pAvApurI siddhakSetra digambara kAryAlaya hai| yahIM para sAta digambara jaina mandiroM kA samUha hai| inameM bar3e mandira meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI mUlanAyaka sAr3he tIna phuTa zveta varNa kI pratimA vi. saM. 1950 meM pratiSThita kI gyii| pAvApurI meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa utsava para kArtika kRSNa trayodazI se kArtika zukla ekam taka eka vizAla melA lagatA hai| mathurA hastinApura kI taraha mathurA bhI prAcIna kAla se bhArata kA mahAna jaina tIrthakSetra rahA hai| yaha zUrasena janapada kI rAjadhAnI thii| hindU anuzruti ke anusAra, mathurA kI gaNanA saptamahApuriyoM meM kI jAtI hai| nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa kI janmabhUmi evaM lIlAbhUmi hone ke kAraNa prativarSa yahA~ deza-videza ke lAkhoM yAtrI Ate haiN| yahA~ nagara ke samIpa hI caurAsI mathurA siddhakSetra hai| kevalajJAna prApti ke bAda antima kevalI jambUsvAmI kaI bAra mathurA padhAre aura dharmopadeza diyaa| anta meM yahA~ ke jambUvana meM unakA nirvANa huA, jisase yaha sthAna siddhakSetra ke nAma se khyAta huaa| kucha samaya pazcAt vidyuccara munirAja ke prabhava Adi pA~ca sau muniyoM ke sAtha yahA~ ke vana meM padhAre aura ghora tapasyA kii| isaprakAra pracalita mAnyatAnusAra yaha sthAna jambUsvAmI ke nirvANa aura munirAjoM ke upasarga evaM tapazcaraNa kI kathA ke kAraNa sarvavizruta hai| purANa-sAhitya meM bIsaveM tIrthaMkara munisuvratanAtha ke tIrtha meM aura unhIM ke vaMza meM utpanna satyavAdI rAjA vasu kI kathA pracalita hai| eka bAra jhUTha ke samarthana meM use naraka kI yAtanAe~ bhoganI pdd'iiN| kaMsa kI rAjadhAnI ke kArAgRha meM kRSNa ke janma kI kathA bhI sarvavikhyAta hai| mahAbhAratakAlIna hastinApura se mathurA aura yahA~ ke yAdava vaMza kA bahuta samparka rhaa| mathurA ke samIpa hI kaMkAlI TIle ke utkhanana se zaka-kuSANa kAla (lagabhaga I.pU. prathama zatI se dUsarI zatI taka) kI hindU, jaina aura bauddha dharmoM kI mUrtiyA~, mandira aura vipula purAtAttvika sAmagrI prApta huI hai| yahA~ jaina purAtattva kI jo sAmagrI milI hai, usameM aneka stUpa, mUrtiyA~, sarvatobhadra pratimAe~, zilAlekha, AyAgapaTTa, dharmacakra, toraNastambha, vedikAe~ evaM anya bahumUlya kalAkRtiyA~ haiN| abhilekhoM aura prAcIna sAhitya se spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki IsA ke kaI sau varSa pUrva se gyArahavIM-bArahavIM zatI taka yaha jainoM kA kendra rahA hai| mathurA meM eka anya kendra saptarSi-TIlA hai| mathurA ke pAsa hI zaurIpura prAcIna jainakSetra hai, jahA~ tIrthaMkara neminAtha ke garbha aura janmakalyANaka hue| inake atirikta yahA~ para kaI 102 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #110
anya vItarAgI muniyoM ko kevalajJAna aura nirvANa-prApti huii| eka anya kSetra baTezvara hai| yahIM para saMvat 1838 meM nirmita eka vizAla mandira meM mahobA se lAI gayI tIrthaMkara ajitanAtha kI kRSNa pASANa kI eka bhavya sAtizaya padmAsana mUrti virAjamAna hai| kalyANaka kSetra ayodhyA ___ ayodhyA pUrvI uttara pradeza ke phaijAbAda jile meM avasthita prAcIna nagarI hai| 'AdipurANa' meM ullekha hai ki yaha saMsAra kI Adi nagarI thii| isa nagarI kI mahimA kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki 'jisa nagarI kI racanA karane vAle svarga ke deva hoM, adhikArI sUtradhAra indra hoM, usakI sundaratA kA bhalA kyA kahanA!' __ jaina mAnyatA meM ise zAzvata nagarI kahA gayA hai| prArambha se hI yaha jainadharma kI kendra rahI hai| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke garbha aura janma kalyANaka to yahA~ hue hI haiM, dUsare tIrthaMkara ajitanAtha, cauthe tIrthaMkara abhinandananAtha, pA~caveM tIrthaMkara sumatinAtha tathA caudahaveM tIrthaMkara anantanAtha-ina cAroM tIrthaMkara ke garbha, janma, dIkSA aura kevalajJAna kalyANaka, isa prakAra aThAraha kalyANaka manAne kA saubhAgya isa nagarI ko prApta huA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki ise tIrtharAja bhI kahA gayA hai| RSabhadeva ne apane rAjyakAla meM yahIM se karmayuga kA Arambha kiyA aura chaha karmoM (asi, masi, kRSi, vidyA, zilpa aura vANijya) kA jJAna samAja ko diyaa| unakI putrI brAhmI aura sundarI ne pitA se preraNA pAkara kramazaH lipi aura aMka vidyA kA AviSkAra kiyaa| samAja vyavasthA ke lie varNa vyavasthA rcii| rAjanItika vyavasthA ke lie pura, grAma, nagara, janapada Adi kI vyavasthA kii| aura phira anta meM putroM ko rAjapATa sauMpakara nirgrantha digambara munidIkSA dhAraNa kara dharmamArga ko prazasta karane kA kArya kiyaa| karmayuga ke Arambha meM kiyA gayA yaha kArya eka bar3A sAhasika evaM vivekapUrNa kadama thaa| RSabhadeva ke jyeSTha putra cakravartI bharata ne sArvabhauma sAmrAjya kI sthApanA kara yahIM se sampUrNa zAsana kiyaa| maryAdApuruSottama zrIrAmacandra ke kAraNa isa nagarI ko vizeSa gaurava milA hai| ayodhyA ko lekara kitanI hI paurANika aura aitihAsika ghaTanAe~ va kiMvadantiyA~ jur3I huI haiN| ___ ayodhyA meM nagara ke bhItara do jaina mandira aura pA~ca ToMkeM haiN| bhagavAna AdinAtha kI ToMka unakI janmabhUmi para hai| 'hanumAnagar3hI' nAma se prasiddha hindU mandira yahIM para hai| vartamAna meM isameM hanumAna kI mAtA aMjanA kI mUrti virAjamAna hai| jainatIrtha :: 103 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #111
prayAga bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne dIkSA dhAraNa karane se pUrva apane putroM ko jina vibhinna nagaroM ke rAjya sauMpe, unameM kozaladeza kA nagara purimatAla vRSabhasena nAmaka putra ko diyA thaa| pazcAt vairAgya ho jAne para unhoMne isa nagara ke pAsa hI siddhArthavana meM eka vaTavRkSa ke nIce dIkSA dhAraNa kI thii| dIkSA lete hI unheM manaHparyaya jJAna utpanna ho gayA thaa| isI samaya aneka-aneka rAjAoM ne bhI unake sAtha dIkSA grahaNa kii| usI samaya se siddhArthavana kA nayA nAma prayAga par3a gyaa| isa sambandha meM 'harivaMzapurANa' (9.96) meM AcArya jinasena likhate haiM : evamuktvA prajA yatra prjaaptimpuujyn| pradeza:sa prayAgAkhyo yataH puujaarthyogtH|| arthAt tuma logoM kI rakSA ke lie rAja karane meM kuzala bharata ko niyukta kiyA hai| tuma unakI sevA kro| prajA ne jisa sthAna para bhagavAna kI pUjA kI, vaha sthAnavizeSa pUjA ke kAraNa prayAga kahA jAne lgaa| aura jisa vaTavRkSa ke nIce unheM akSayajJAna (kevalajJAna) huA, vaha akSayavaTa nAma se vikhyAta hai : vaTa prayAgatala jainayoga dharmoM sdbhaash| prakaTyo tIrthaprasiddha pUranabhavi mayA akssy|| (sarvatIrthavandanA') vartamAna meM prayAga myUjiyama, ilAhAbAda meM jaina purAtattva kI kalAkRtiyoM kA bahuta bar3A saMgraha hai| ye kalAkRtiyA~ kauzAmbI, pabhosA, gayA Adi aneka sthAnoM se yahA~ lAkara rakhI gayI haiN| inameM candraprabha, sarvatobhadrikA, AdinAtha, zAntinAtha aura ambikA kI mUrtiyA~ kalAkRti kI dRSTi se atimahattvapUrNa haiN| prayAga prasiddha hindU tIrtha bhI hai| aba yaha ilAhAbAda zahara kA eka hissA bana gayA hai| triveNI (gaMgA-yamunA-sarasvatI) ke saMgama para hara bAraha varSa ke antarAla para vizvaprasiddha kumbha kA melA lagatA hai| hastinApura pazcimI uttara pradeza ke meraTha jile meM sthita hastinApura kI gaNanA prAcIna nagaroM meM kI jAtI hai| yaha kuruvaMza kI rAjadhAnI to thI hI, solahaveM tIrthaMkara zAntinAtha, satrahaveM tIrthaMkara kunthunAtha aura aThArahaveM tIrthaMkara arahanAtha kI janmabhUmi bhI hai| yahA~ inake garbha, dIkSA aura kevalajJAna kalyANaka bhI hue haiN| isa prakAra yaha tIna-tIna tIrthaMkaroM kI kalyANakabhUmi hone ke kAraNa bahuta prAcInakAla se tIrthakSetra ke rUpa meM mAnya rahA hai| bhagavAna AdinAtha kA dharmavihAra bhI yahA~ huaa| bhagavAna AdinAtha (RSabhadeva) ke lie 104 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #112
rAjA zreyAMsa dvArA diye gaye AhAra-dAna kI prasiddha ghaTanA se isa nagarI ko jo mAnyatA milI hai, vaha apratima hai| yaha puNyadivasa vaizAkha zukla tRtIyA thA, jise akSaya tRtIyA ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| madhyakAla meM kaI rAjanItika aura prAkRtika kAraNoM se yaha nagara zatAbdiyoM taka upekSita rhaa| yahA~ ke prAcIna mandira aura niSadhikAe~ naSTa ho gyiiN| saM. 1858 (san 1801) meM dillI ke mugalakAlIna zAhI khajAMcI rAjA harasukharAya ne eka bhavya jina mandira kA yahA~ nirmANa kraayaa| Aja yahA~ lagabhaga 5 ki.mI. kI paridhi meM uparyukta tInoM tIrthaMkaroM ke caraNa-cihnoM sahita nasiyA~ haiN| vartamAna meM bAhubalI mandira, caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI ToMkeM, jalamandira, pAMDukazilA, samavasaraNa kI racanA, kailAsa parvata kI racanA Adi darzanIya haiN| isa bar3e mandira se kucha hI dUrI para jambUdvIpa kI bhavya racanA kI gayI hai| san 1974 meM gaNinI AryikA jJAnamatIjI kI preraNA se zAstrIya AdhAra para 21 mITara U~ce sumeru parvata kI bhavya AkRti banAI gayI hai| isI parisara meM kamalamandira, trimUrtimandira, dhyAnamandira aura kalAmandira kI nirmiti darzanIya hai| abhI-abhI eka anya uttuMga trimUrti kI pratiSThA isI khule parisara meM kI gayI hai| nagara ke pAsa meM yahIM bhavya zvetAmbara mandira bhI darzanIya hai| kAzI kalyANakakSetra kAzI (vArANasI) hindU kI prAcIna tIrthasthalI kI taraha jainoM ke prasiddha tIrthoM meM se eka hai| kSetra ke rUpa meM isakI prasiddhi sAtaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna supArzvanAtha ke samaya se hI ho gayI thii| yahA~ unake garbha, janma, tapa aura kevalajJAna kalyANaka hue| mahArAja supratiSTha usa samaya kAzI ke nareza the| teIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI bhI yaha janmasthalI hai| 'tiloyapaNNatti' (4.458) meM unake janma ke sambandha meM isa prakAra ullekha hai : hayaseNa vammilAhiM jAdo hi vArANasIe paasjinno| pUsassa bahula ekkArasie rikkhe visaahaae|| arthAta bhagavAna pArzvanAtha vArANasI nagarI meM pitA azvasena aura mAtA vammilA (vAmA) se pauSa kRSNa ekAdazI ke dina vizAkhA nakSatra meM utpanna hue| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke garbha aura dIkSAkalyANaka bhI yahIM hue| kahA jAtA hai ki kizora pArzvanAtha jaba solaha varSa ke the, eka dina krIr3A ke lie nagara se bAhara nikle| vahA~ nikaTa hI vana meM unhoMne eka vRddha tApasa ko paMcAgni tapa karate hue dekhaa| vaha koI aura nahIM, mahipAla nagara ke rAjA pArzvakumAra kA nAnA thaa| apanI rAnI ke viyoga meM vaha tApasI bana gayA thaa| usa samaya vArANasI vAnaprastha tapasviyoM kA gar3ha thaa| pArzvakumAra tApasa ko namaskAra kiye binA hI pAsa jAkara khar3e ho jainatIrtha :: 105 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #113
gye| tApasa ko unakA yaha vyavahAra apamAnajanaka lgaa| vaha mana hI mana krodhita huaa| tabhI usane bujhatI huI Aga sulagAne ke lie eka bar3A-sA lakkar3a uThAyA aura jyoM hI use kulhAr3I se kATane ko huA ki pArzvakumAra ne avadhijJAna se jAna liyA ki isa lakkar3a meM nAga-nAgina haiN| unhoMne tApasa ko lakkar3a cIrane ke lie manA kiyA to tApasa Aga-babUlA ho uThA aura lakkar3a kATa DAlA, jisase sarpa-sarpinI ke Tukar3e ho gye| kumAra ne unheM mantra sunAyA, jisase sarpayugala marakara dharaNendra-padmAvatI (yakSayakSiNI) hue| kAlAntara meM kaSAyayukta pariNAmoM se marakara tApasa bhI asura jAti kA deva huaa| tIsa varSa kI avasthA meM pArzvakumAra ko jAti-smaraNa ho jAne se vairAgya ho gayA aura vArANasI nagarI ke bAhara hI azvavana meM dIkSA dhAraNa kara lii| ___bhagavAna supArzvanAtha kA janmasthAna vartamAna bhadainIghATa hai, jabaki bhelupurA meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI janmasthalI hai| Ajakala usI parisara meM do digambara jaina mandira haiN| __ vArANasI prAcIna bhArata kI sAta nagariyoM meM se eka hai| yaha sthalI kAzI vizvanAtha ke kAraNa se sAre saMsAra meM prasiddha hai| isa nagarI kA sambandha satyavAdI rAjA harizcandra kI vikhyAta paurANika ghaTanA se to hai hI, yaha kabIra-tulasI jaise aneka kaviyoM kI racanAbhUmi rahI hai| yaha nagarI hajAroM varSoM se vidyA kendra rahI hai| yahA~ bhAratIya vAGmayadarzana aura sAhitya ke adhyayana-adhyApana kA prAcIna kendra hai| ahicchatra ___ yaha atizayakSetra hai| uttara pradeza ke barelI jilAntargata A~valA tahasIla meM yaha sthita hai| prAcIna kAla meM isa nagarI kA nAma saMkhyAvatI thaa| yaha vahI sthAna hai, jahA~ tapasyArata munirAja pArzvanAtha para pUrvajanma ke vairI asura kamaTha ne ghora upasarga kiyA aura tabhI dharaNendra-padmAvatI yakSa-yakSiNI ne munirAja ke Upara sahasraphaNa phailAkara upasarga kA nivAraNa kiyaa| taba se isa nagarI kA nAma ahicchatra par3a gayA (tao paraM tIse nagarIe ahicchatra ti nAma saMjAyaM- 'vividhtiirthklp')| caitra kRSNa caturthI kA vaha dina, yahA~ bhagavAna kA jJAnakalyANaka huaa| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha apanI munirAja avasthA meM isa upasarga se nirlipta ho tapasyArata rahe, unheM tabhI kevalajJAna ho gyaa| indroM aura devoM ne Akara sollAsa unake jJAnakalyANaka kI pUjA kii| . ahicchatra bhArata kI ati prAcIna nagarI hai| paravartI kAla meM yaha uttara paMcAla kI rAjadhAnI bnii| mahAbhArata kAla meM droNa yahA~ ke zAsaka the| vartamAna meM yahA~ kSetra para eka zikharabanda mandira hai| eka vedI para harita pannA kI bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI atizaya camatkArI mUrti virAjamAna hai| yaha 'tikhAlavAle bAbA' nAma se jAnI jAtI hai| kahA jAtA hai ki kinhIM adRzya hAthoM ne rAtoM-rAta kucha kSaNoM meM 106 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #114
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hI eka dIvAra khar3I kara ke ukta mUrti ke lie tikhAla (vedI) banA diyaa| taba se use sAtizaya pratimA kahA jAtA hai / bhaktajana yahA~ Akara tikhAlavAle bAbA kA darzana kara apanI manokAmanAe~ pUrI karate haiM / ahicchatra ke cAroM ora parisara meM Aja bhI kaI bhagnAvazeSa bikhare par3e haiN| inameM do TIle ullekhanIya haiN| nAma haiM- aiculI aura aiNcuaa| aiMcuA TIle para eka vizAla ucca caukI para bhUre baluI pASANa kA sAta phuTa U~cA stambha hai / lagatA hai, yaha mAnastambha rahA hogA, jisake Upara kA kucha hissA TUTakara gira gayA hai| TIle ke isa pASANa - stambha ko 'bhIma kI lATa ' bhI kahA jAne lagA hai| kiMvadantI yaha bhI hai ki prAcIna kAla meM yahA~ koI sahasrakUTa caityAlaya rahA hogaa| kAraNa ki yahA~ khudAI meM aneka jaina mUrtiyA~ upalabdha huI haiN| mandira ke bAhara uttara kI ora AcArya pAtrakesarI ke caraNa-cihna nirmita haiM / vaizAlI vaizAlI (kuMDagrAma) bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmasthalI hai / Ajakala yaha sthAna vaSAr3ha gA~va ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| vaizAlI kuMDapura kI isa bhUmi ko cAroM ora se sImAcihna lagAkara kamalapuSpa ke eka vizAla zilA-paTTa para mahAvIra smAraka kA nirmANa karAyA gayA hai, jisa para prAkRta aura hindI meM prazasti aMkita hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janmasthalI kA saMketa karane vAlI yaha prazasti hai / vartamAna meM vaizAlI meM mahAvIra kI janmasthalI para eka bhavya mandira ke nirmANa kI yojanA hai| bihAra-jhArakhaMDa pradeza ke anya tIrtha mithilApurI, campApurI, mandAragiri, rAjagRhI, guNAvA, pATaliputra, bhadrikApurI, udayagiri, khaMDagiri Adi aneka prasiddha jaina tIrtha-sthala haiM 1 atizaya kSetra atizaya kSetra ke mAmale meM madhyapradeza purAtattva kI dRSTi se bhI samRddha hai| prAyaH sabhI kSetroM meM gyArahavIM-bArahavIM zatAbdI taka prApta honevAlI sAmagrI - mandira, mUrtiyA~, abhilekha, stambha Adi sammilita haiN| kSetroM kI sUcI lambI hai| kucha - eka ke nAma haiM - bajaraMgagar3ha, thUvauna, canderI, sihauniyA, panAgara, paTanAgaMja, ahAra, papaurA, kuMDalapura, maksI, bInAbArahA, mar3iyAjI / bajaraMgagar3ha kSetra gunA se sAta ki.mI. dakSiNa meM hai / yahA~ kA vizeSa atizaya tIrthaMkara zAntinAtha, kuMthunAtha aura arahanAtha kI kAyotsarga mudrA meM avasthita bhavya mUrtiyA~ haiN| ye san 1236 kI haiN| adbhuta hai ina mUrtiyoM kA kalA - kauzala aura shilpvidhaan| isa trimUrti meM mUlanAyaka zAntinAtha kI sAr3he caudaha phuTa U~cI tathA dAyeM-bAyeM kuMthunAtha aura For Private And Personal Use Only jainatIrtha :: 107

Page #115
arahanAtha kI lagabhaga gyAraha phuTa U~cI mUrtiyA~ haiN| jaina-jainetara yahA~ mana meM kAmanAe~ lekara Ate haiN| ganA jile ke antargata hI pahAr3oM ke bIcoM-bIca thUvauna atizayakSetra kA vistAra hai| yahA~ mandiroM kI saMkhyA paccIsa hai| adhikAMza mUrtiyA~ pandraha-solaha phuTa avagAhanA vAlI haiN| mandira kra.15 meM bhagavAna AdinAtha kI mUrti paccIsa phuTa kI hai| mUrti ke atizayasampanna hone se isa mandira kI prasiddhi bhI sarvAdhika hai| canderI kI padmAsana caubIsI kA apanA mahattva hai| caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI atyanta kalApUrNa ye mUrtiyA~ purANoM meM varNita tIrthaMkaroM ke varNa kI haiN| canderI kA prAcIna nAma 'cedi' rASTra se sambandhita hai| karmabhUmi ke prArambha meM indra dvArA jina 52 janapadoM kI racanA kI gaI thI, cedi unameM se eka hai| eka samaya jaina saMskRti kA yaha kendra rahA hai| yahA~ se lagabhaga tIna ki.mI. dUra khandAragiri hai, jahA~ aneka jaina mUrtiyA~ aura guphAe~ caTTAnoM meM ukerI gaI haiN| ____TIkamagar3ha ke nikaTa eka maidAna meM parakoTe ke bhItara avasthita papaurA atizayakSetra hai| yahA~ zatAdhika mandira haiN| garbhagRha aura vediyoM ke kAraNa yaha saMkhyA adhika bana gayI hai| inakA nirmANakAla alaga-alaga hai- bArahavIM se bIsavIM zatI taka kaa| isa kSetra ke atizayoM ko lekara aneka kiMvadantiyA~ haiN| TIkamagar3ha se lagabhaga bIsa ki.mI. ahAra kSetra hai| isa sthAna kA purAnA nAma madanezasAgara bhI milatA hai| yahA~ mandiroM kI kula saMkhyA teraha hai- Upara pahAr3a para chaha aura maidAna meM sAta / kSetra se lagabhaga do ki.mI. dUra pahAr3oM ke bIca eka vizAla guphA 'siddhoM kI guphA' hai| ___ sAgara jile ke antargata rahalI ke pAsa atizayakSetra 'bInA vArahA' ke mukhya mandira meM bhUgarbha se prApta pandraha phuTa avagAhanA vAlI bhagavAna zAntinAtha kI mUrti hai| isa kSetra kA abhI-abhI bahuta vikAsa ho cukA hai| pAsa hI paTanAgaMja atizayakSetra hai, yahA~ kI vizeSa prasiddhi bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI kRSNavarNI sahasraphaNAvalI kI cAra phuTa cAra iMca kI camatkArI mUrti ke kAraNa hai| ___ damoha jile meM avasthita kuMDalapura atizayakSetra prAcIna aura prasiddha hai| yaha kuMDalAkAra parvatamAlA se ghirA huA hai| sambhavataH isa kSetra kA nAma isI kAraNa kuMDalapura par3A hogaa| pahAr3a ke nIce kSetra para eka sarovara bhI hai| parvata para aura nIce talahaTI meM kula sATha mandira haiN| pahAr3a para mukhya mandira 'bar3e bAbA' kA mandira kahalAtA hai| Ama janatA meM mAnyatA hai ki isa mandira kI sAr3he bAraha phuTa uttuMga yaha camatkArI mUrti bhagavAna mahAvIra kI hai, lekina mUrti ke kandhe para laTakate jaTAjUTa evaM vedI ke agrabhAga meM RSabhadeva kI yakSa-yakSiNI utrkINa hone ke kAraNa purAtatvavidoM ne ise tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI mUrti kahA hai| abhI hAla prAcIna mandira ke nikaTa hI eka vizAla mandira kA nirmANa kara usameM bar3e samAroha ke sAtha bar3e bAbA kI mUrti kI sthApanA kI jA cukI hai| 108 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #116
vartamAna meM isa kSetra kA bahuta vistAra ho cukA hai| jabalapura-damoha mArga para hI kaimUra parvata kI talahaTI meM hirana nadI ke taTa para avasthita atizayakSetra konIjI kSetra kI prasiddhi bar3ha gaI hai| yahA~ ke garbha mandira kI prasiddhi daivIya camatkAroM se adhika rahI hai| vighnahara pArzvanAtha mandira meM loga manautI manAne Ate haiN| kula nau mandira haiN| jinameM sahasrakUTa jinAlaya aura nandIzvara jinAlaya kA apanA mahatva hai| eka anya atizayakSetra udayagiri vidizA se chaha ki.mI. para avasthita hai| yahA~ kI baluA pASANa aura paratadAra caTTAnoM ko kATakara guphAe~ nirmita haiM, jinakI saMkhyA bIsa hai| guphA kra. 1 aura 20 jainoM se sambandhita haiN| yahA~ eka dIvAra meM guptasaMvat 106 kA abhilekha aMkita hai| isakI pahalI paMkti 'namaH siddhebhyaH...' se prArambha huI hai| madhyapradeza ke hI eka prAcIna janapada mAlava-avantI' meM maksI pArzvanAtha, vadanAvara, gandarbhapurI, cUlagiri, pAvAgiri, siddhavarakUTa, vanaiDiyA Adi kSetroM kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai| yahA~ inakA nAmollekha kara denA hI kAphI hogaa| rAjasthAna meM koI siddhakSetra nahIM hai, na hI klyaannkkssetr| jo kucha haiM ve yA to atizayakSetra haiM (jinakI saMkhyA lagabhaga bIsa hai) yA phira kalAkSetra ke prasiddha namUne haiN| RSabhadeva kesariyA, nAgaphaNI pArzvanAtha, bijauliyA, kezorAya pATana, padmapurA, zrImahAvIrajI, camatkArajI, cA~dakher3I, jhAlarApATana, tijArA Adi atizayakSetra mAne gaye haiN| zrImahAvIrajI digambara jaina atizayakSetra, zrImahAvIrajI rAjasthAna ke savAImAdhopura jile meM dillI-mumbaI hAive para relave sTezana se chaha ki.mI. kI dUrI para avasthita hai| tIrtha ke ekadama nikaTa gambhIra nadI bahatI hai| yahA~ bhagavAna mahAvIra kI atizaya sampanna jisa mUrti kI khyAti hai, vaha bhUgarbha se prApta huI thii| kiMvadanti hai ki eka gvAle kI gAya jaMgala se carakara jaba ghara lauTatI to usake thana dUdha se khAlI ho jaate| eka dina usa gvAle ne usa rahasya ko jAnanA caahaa| patA calA ki gAya eka TIle para khar3I hai| usake thanoM se dUdha svataH jhara rahA hai| gvAle ko yaha ghaTanA eka pahelI kI taraha lgii| usane usa sthAna kI khudAI kI to isa manohArI mUrti ke darzana hue| basa phira kyA thA, jaina samAja ke pramukha logoM kI vahA~ bhIr3a laga gyii| pazcAt samArohapUrvaka mUrti ko lAkara mandira meM virAjamAna kara diyA gyaa| loga atizayoM se AkarSita hokara darzanArtha Ane lage aura dhIre dhIre yaha sthAna vizAla tIrtha bana gyaa| Aja rAjasthAna kA yaha sabase prasiddha tIrtha hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI isa mUrti kA zilpAMkana guptakAla ke bAda kA hai| yaha Thosa jainatIrtha :: 109 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #117
grenAiTa kI na hokara ravAdAra baluye pASANa kI hai| yahA~ yAtrA para AnevAle nara-nAriyoM meM atyanta umaMga aura adbhuta sphuraNA dekhI jAtI hai| aba to yahA~ eka vizAla mandira kA nirmANa ho cukA hai, jisake cAroM ora dharmazAlAe~ haiN| vizAla mAnastambha hai| mUla nAyaka ke alAvA mandira meM dAyeM-bAyeM aneka deviyA~ haiN| isI mandira ke nIce ke parisara meM kSetra kA kAryAlaya hai aura sarasvatI bhavana hai| Aja isa kSetra kA bahuta vistAra ho cukA hai| kSetra para kaI sevAbhAvI saMsthAe~ haiN| eka mahilA mahAvidyAlaya bhI hai| nadI ke usa pAra pUrvI kinAre para zAntivIra nagara hai| yahA~ eka vizAla mandira hai jisameM 28 phuTa U~cI zAntinAtha kI vizAla mUrti ke atirikta caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM aura unake zAsanadevatAoM kI mUrtiyA~ virAjamAna haiN| eka gurukula bhI hai| ___mahAvIra jayantI ke avasara para isa atizayakSetra para prativarSa eka saptAha taka vizAla mele kA Ayojana hotA hai| dIpAvalI ke avasara hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM jaina yAtriyoM ke sAtha-sAtha mINA, gUjara, jATava Adi bhI bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM sammilita hote haiN| tijArA atizayakSetra ke sthApanAkAla se pUrva isa sthAna ko 'deharA' (devAlaya) kahA jAtA rahA hai| anuzruti hai ki pahale yahA~ jaina mandiroM ke khaMDaharoM kA eka bar3A sA TIlA thaa| san 1956 meM isa TIle kI khudAI meM candraprabha kI eka manohArI mUrti prakaTa huI, jise sarvaprathama eka kASTha siMhAsana para virAjamAna kara diyA gyaa| pandrahavIM zatI meM nirmita isa mUrti ke sAmane akhaMDa jyoti jalAI gayI, jo Aja bhI prajvalita hai| saca to yaha hai ki rAjasthAna meM cauhAna, paramAra, sisodiyA Adi aneka rAjapUta rAjavaMzoM ne rAja kiyA hai| inameM koI jaina nareza nahIM thA, kintu udayapura, jodhapura, jaisalamera, bharatapura Adi rAjyoM meM amAtya, pradhAna senApati evaM koSAdhyakSa padoM para prAyaH jaina niyukta kiye jAte the| isakA kAraNa zAyada jainoM kI cAritrika dRr3hatA aura ImAnadArI rahI hai| jaina Arthika dRSTi se sampanna rahe haiN| rAjya ko AvazyakatA par3ane para dhana juTA sakate the| mahArANA pratApa ne senApati bhAmAzAha kI pU~jI se senA juTAkara apanI mAtRbhUmi ko duzmanoM se mukta karAyA thaa| mahArASTra meM bhI aneka atizayakSetra haiN| sAtha hI gajapanthA, mAMgItuMgI aura kunthalagiri nirvANakSetra bhI haiM, jahA~ se aneka vItarAgI munirAjoM ne tapazcaraNa kara mukti prApta kii| gujarAta pradeza ke tIrthasthala haiM- tAraMgA, sonagar3ha, zajaya, ghoghA, pAvAgar3ha, vighnahara pArzvanAtha, aMkalezvara, amIkSaro pArzvanAtha mukhya haiN| 110 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #118
HEATRE S - - - - - M HTRA N ASAKASIPS 85 SARAN cittaur3a (rAjasthAna) sthita kIrtistambha For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #119
cA~dakher3I yaha jhAlAvAr3a jile ke khAnapura kasbe se lagabhaga tIna phalAMga kI darI para rUpalI nadI ke taTa para avasthita hai| yahA~ para bhagavAna AdinAtha kI bahuta hI kalApUrNa mUrti virAjamAna hai| yaha mUrti aneka camatkAroM evaM atizayoM se sampanna hai| mukha para zAnti aura karuNA kI nirmala bhAvapravaNatA hai| saca hI, mUrti ke darzana se bhaktajana ko apAra zAnti milatI hai| padmapurA yaha kSetra jayapura se 34 ki.mI. dUra dakSiNa meM sthita hai| yahA~ bhI khudAI meM zveta pASANa bhagavAna padmaprabha kI eka padmAsana mUrti prApta huI thii| Aja yahA~ eka vizAla mandira hai| yaha mandira itanA bhavya hai ki pUre rAjasthAna meM isakI khyAti hai| kezorAya pATana atizayakSetra kezorAya pATana bUMdI jile se 43 ki.mI. cambala nadI ke uttara taTa para avasthita hai| atyanta prAcInakAla se hI isa sthAna kI tIrtha ke rUpa meM prasiddhi rahI hai| yahA~ munisuvratanAtha kI camatkArI mUrti virAjamAna hai| kahA jAtA hai ki mohammada gorI rAjasthAna vijaya ke silasile meM yahA~ bhI pahuMcA thaa| usake sainikoM ne mUrti tor3ane kA prayAsa kiyA, lekina asaphala rhe| cittaur3a kA kilA (jaina kIrtistambha) sthAnIya janatA isa stambha ko 'kIrtama' kahatI hai| 75 phuTa U~ce isa stambha kA vyAsa 31 phuTa hai| Upara jAkara yaha 15 phuTa raha gayA hai| itihAsavettAoM ke anusAra yaha prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha ko vi. saM. 952 meM arpita kiyA gayA thaa| nizcaya hI zilpa kA yaha anupama udAharaNa hai| isake cAroM konoM para AdinAtha kI khaDagAsana meM pA~ca phuTa avagAhanA vAlI digambara mUrtiyA~ haiN| jayastambha kI apekSA yaha prAcIna hai| RSabhadeva (kesariyAjI) rAjasthAna ke udayapura jile meM yaha tIrtha atizayakSetra ke rUpa meM vikhyAta hai| yahA~ RSabhadeva kI sAr3he tIna phuTa avagAhanA vAlI padmAsana meM kAle pASANa kI bhavya mUrti virAjamAna hai| isa mUrti ke sambandha meM aneka kiMvadantiyA~ pracalita haiN| bhaktajana yahA~ Akara bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM kezara car3hAte haiM aura manautI manAte haiN| yahA~ mandira ke jainatIrtha :: 111 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #120
AsapAsa kaI zilAlekha utkIrNa haiN| mAuMTa AbU ___ AbU parvata (dilavAr3A, rAjasthAna) para vizvavikhyAta aneka jaina mandira haiN| sabhI ke sabhI zilpakalA ke adbhuta namUne haiN| ye saba sapheda saMgamaramara se bane hue haiN| inake stambhoM, toraNoM aura chatoM kI sUkSma kalA darzanIya hai| ina adbhuta kalA ke nirmAtA rAjamantrI vimalazAha (bArahavIM zatI) aura vAstukAra tejapAla rahe haiN| eka digambara mandira ko chor3akara bAkI sabhI zvetAmbara mandiroM kA samUha hai| sonagar3ha ___ sonagar3ha gujarAta pradeza ke bhAvanagara jile meM sthita hai| vaise yaha koI tIrthasthAna nahIM hai, lekina santa kAnajIsvAmI ke kAraNa isakA mahattva kisI bhI tIrtha se kama nahIM hai| vartamAna meM yahA~ sImandharasvAmI digambara jaina mandira, mAnastambha, samavasaraNa mandira, paramAgama mandira, nandIzvara mandira, kundakunda pravacanamaMDapa, svAdhyAya mandira Adi aneka AyatanoM kA nirmANa ho cukA hai| gujarAta kI taraha mahArASTra meM bhI kucheka nirmANabhUmiyoM ke atirikta aneka guhA mandira haiN| gajapanthA nirvANabhUmi hai| yahA~ se sAta balabhadra aura ATha koTi muni yAdava mukta hue| purAtattva kI dRSTi se isakA sarvAdhika mahattva hai| eka anya nirvANasthalI haimaaNgiigii| yahA~ se rAma, hanumAna, sugrIva Adi ninyAnabe koTi munirAjoM ko tapasyA karake mukti paayii| daraasala mA~gI aura tuMgI eka hI parvata ke do zikhara haiM, jo eka-dUsare se mile hue haiN| kahA jAtA hai ki nikaTa prAcIna kAla meM yaha eka bahuta bar3A nagara thA jo 'mUlaher3a' nAma se jAnA jAtA thaa| mA~gI zikhara para eka guhA hai, jisameM mUlanAyaka mahAvIra kI tIna phuTa avagAhanA vAlI zveta padmAsana mUrti virAjamAna hai| tuMgI zikhara para bhI eka guphA hai jahA~ rAmacandra, nIla, gavAkSa Adi kI vItarAgI muniavasthA kI mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa haiN| talahaTI meM bhI tIna jaina mandira haiN| cA~davar3a kA guhA mandira __yaha candranAtha digambara jaina guphA ke nAma se prasiddha hai, jisameM aneka jaina mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa haiN| kalikuMDa pArzvanAtha- yaha mahArASTra ke sA~galI jile meM avasthita hai| isakA prAcIna nAma kauMDinyapura hai| prAcIna kAla meM yaha karahATaka zAsana ke antargata thaa| mAnyatA hai ki karahATaka eka samaya zAstra vidyA aura zastra vidyA kA vizvavidyAlaya thaa| kumbhoja bAhubalI- yaha kolhApura jile meM hai| mahAmuni bAhubalI ke nAma se pUre kSetra meM isakI 112 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #121
prasiddhi hai| yahA~ bAhubalI svAmI kI aTThAisa phuTa U~cI zveta makarAnA pASANa kI bhavya khaDagAsana mUrti hai| yahA~ eka prasiddha jaina gurukula mandira hai jisameM bar3e vidvAna aura AsthAvAna tyAgI rahe haiN| isa mahAvidyAlaya ne aneka paramparAgata vidvAna jaina samAja ko die haiN| kunthalagiri- yaha siddhakSetra hai| yahA~ se kulabhUSaNa aura dezabhUSaNa munirAjoM ne nirvANa prApta kiyaa| kulabhUSaNa aura dezabhUSaNa nAma se eka mandira bhI hai| donoM munirAjoM ke vahA~ caraNacihna haiN| AcArya zAntisAgara mahArAja kA samAdhimaraNa isI kSetra para huA thaa| dhArAziva kI guphAe~- dhArAziva kI guphAe~ 'layaNa' kahalAtI haiN| ye usmAnAbAda zahara ke nikaTa haiN| ina guphA-mandiroM kA itihAsa bahuta prAcIna hai| hariSeNa kathAkoza' meM ina guphAoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| elorA ke guphA-mandira auraMgAbAda se pazcima ke tIsa kilomITara dUra para avasthita jagata-vikhyAta guhA mandira haiN| inakI saMkhyA cautIsa hai| tIsa se cautIsa nambara kI guphAe~ jainadharma se sambandhita haiN| zeSa kA sambandha bauddhadharma se hai| elorA apane zilpa-vaibhava aura sthApatya kalA kI dRSTi se advitIya hai| yahA~ pArzvanAtha aura bAhubalI kI mUrtiyoM kI kalA kA vaividhya dikhAI detA hai| zAsana devI-devatAoM meM cakrezvarI, padamAvatI, ambikA, siddhAryakA tathA gomeda, mAtaMga aura dharaNendra kI mUrtiyA~ vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| ___ kalAkSetra meM karnATaka ke tIrthoM ke sandarbha meM apanI dRSTi ko kahIM adhika vistAra denA hogaa| daraasala yahA~ zraddhA aura bhakti, kalA aura sthApatya ke mAdhyama se sAkAra kI hai| gommaTezvara bAhubalI ke prati bhakti ko kalA-marmajJoM ne parvata-khaMDa meM jo manamohaka rUpa diyA hai, vaha apane Apa meM advitIya hai| ___AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI, AcArya kundakunda, siddhAntacakravartI AcArya nemicandra, vIramArtaNDa cAmuMDarAya, mahimAmayI kAlaladevI, kUzamAMDinI, mahAdevI zAntalA ina sabake AkhyAnoM ne yahA~ ke mandiroM, zilAlekhoM, mAnastambhoM aura bhitticitroM meM apanA itihAsa pratiSThApita kiyA hai| ina mUrtiyoM aura mandiroM ke pIche jo kaI-kaI vicitra ghaTanAe~ haI haiM, usase ye kalAkSetra mAtra kalA ke kSetra na raha kara atizayakSetra bana gaye haiN| karnATaka ke ye sthAna, jinheM tIrtha-vandanA meM zAmila kiyA jAtA hai, unameM- zravaNabelagola, vellUra, dharmasthala, veNUra, mUDabidri, kArakala, bArAMga, kundakundaveTa (kundAdrigiri), humacA sarvAdhika prasiddha haiN| zravaNabelagola sampUrNa bhArata meM sabase adhika vikhyAta parama pAvana jaina tIrtha hai| kalA-itihAsa aura atizaya-sampannatA ke kAraNa isakI mahimA anya tIrthoM kI tulanA meM kahIM adhika jainatIrtha :: 113 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #122
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hai / yaha karnATaka ke hAsana jile meM baiMgalora se eka sau cAlIsa ki.mI. dUra sthita hai / prAcIna samaya meM yaha jaina sAdhuoM (zramaNoM) kI tapobhUmi rahI hai| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha samrATa candragupta maurya ne digambara avasthA dhAraNa kara yahA~ eka pahAr3I para tapasyA kI thI / yahA~ bhadrabAhu ke caraNa - cihna sthApita haiN| sAtha hI samrATa candragupta kI smRti meM eka jina-mandira (candragupta vasadi) aura citrAvalI bhI hai| isa pahAr3a kA nAma hI candragiri par3a gayA hai / yahA~ isa pahAr3a para aura isa nagara ke AsapAsa itihAsa ke sAkSI lagabhaga pA~ca sau zilAlekha haiM / isI parvata para aura bhI kaI prAcIna vasadiyA~ haiM, jinameM zAntinAtha basadi, zAsana basadi, candraprabha basadi, savatigandhavAraNa basadi aura cAmuMDarAya basadi pramukha haiM / parvata ke uttara dvAra se nIce utarane para jinanAthapura ke mandira ke darzana hote haiM / yaha hoyasala citrakArI kA adbhuta namUnA hai| dUsarA parvata vindhyagiri hai| ina donoM ke bIca kalyANI sarovara hai| vindhyagiri, jahA~ para bAhubalI kI uttuMga mUrti hai, para jAne ke lie pA~ca sau sIr3hiyA~ banI huI haiN| bAhubalI ke atirikta isa parvata para brahmadeva mandira, cennaNNa vasadi, odegala vasadi Adi aneka mandira haiN| Upara pahu~cane para eka samatala ghere meM gommaTezvara bAhubalI kI manojJa mUrti hai / pAsa hI dvAra para gullikA ajjI kI mUrti hai / lokazruti hai ki bAhubalI mUrti kI pratiSThA ke avasara para mUrti nirmAtA cAmuMDarAya ne harSita hokara jaba abhiSeka kiyA to dugdha kI dhArA sattAvana phuTa uttuMga isa mUrti kI kamara ke nIce nahIM jA rahI thI / kAraNa thA, cAmuMDarAya kA apanI isa nirmiti para utpanna ahaM bhAva / gullikAajjI ne unakA ahaMkAra dUra kara vinaya - pATha par3hAyA thA / yaha ajjI aura koI nahIM, kSetra kI devI kUzamAMDinI hI thI, jo garIba vRddhA bhaktina banakara AI thI aura abhiSeka sampanna kiyA thA / kSetra para gA~va meM kaI darzanIya basadiyA~ haiM / inameM bhaMDArI basadi nAma se sabase bar3A mandira hai / isake atirikta akkana basadi, maMgAyi basadi, siddhAnta basadi Adi aneka jinAlaya haiM / yahIM bhaTTAraka cArukIrti svAmI kA nivAsa-sthAna jaina maTha hai| 1981 meM bAhubalI sahasrAbdI mahAmastikAbhiSeka se aba taka isa kSetra kA bahuta vikAsa huA hai| aneka dharmazAlAe~ aura vizrAmagRha ke atirikta kSetra kI ora se saMcAlita prAkRta vidyA saMsthAna evaM iMjIniyariMga kaoNleja bhI hai / tamilanADu meM bhI adbhuta purAvaibhava ke darzana hote haiM / vahA~ sAre pradeza meM jinamandira, mUrtiyA~, zilAlekha, guhAmandira aura unameM utkIrNa jaina mUrtiyA~, caTTAnoM meM utkIrNa mUrtiyA~, aSTadhAtu mUrtiyA~, cUne kI vizAla tIrthaMkara mUrtiyA~, sarasvatI mUrtiyA~, kalApUrNa mAnastambha, vizAla gopura, ratha tathA dIpamAlikAe~ - sabhI kucha vahA~ ke dhArmika aura sAMskRtika vaibhava ko darzAte haiN| pichale dinoM yahA~ ke aneka jaina mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra huA hai| yahA~ ke pramukha kSetra - kAMcIpurama ( kAMjIvarama ), citaMbUra ( sittAmUra), jinapurama, ponnUra tirumalaI, stavanidhi, Arapakkama, karandai, jinakAMcI, sAlukkaI, velakama, upavelUra, 114 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #123
thirupparuthikuNDama haiN| karandai ___ isa kSetra kI prasiddhi 'munigiri' yA 'akalaMkadeva bastI' ke nAma se bhI hai| akalaMkadeva svAmI kA samAdhisthala bhI yahIM para hai| kahA jAtA hai ki akalaMkadeva ke sAtha zAstrArtha meM bauddhoM kI parAjaya yahIM para huI thii| yahA~ eka parakoTe ke bhItara chahaH mandira haiN| isa kSetra para aThAraha zilAlekha bhI milate haiN| eka jaina tIrtha hai ponnUra tirumlii| yaha AcArya kundakunda kI taposthalI 'nIlagiri' ke nAma se jAnI jAtI hai| kundakunda svAmI ke caraNacihna bhI bane hue haiN| pAsa hI eka sundara guphA hai| Arapakkama meM tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kA hajAra varSa purAnA mandira hai, jo tamilanADu ke kuladevatA ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| dIpa-mAlikA, dhAtu kI bar3I-bar3I pratimAe~, aSTaprAtihArya aura paMcameru darzanIya haiN| yahIM pAsa meM eka sthAna hai venkuddrm| yahA~ kAle aura sapheda pASANa kI lagabhaga do hajAra varSa purAnI mUrtiyA~ haiN| velukkama meM AdinAtha kA eka vizAla mandira hai| yahA~ para sthita svarNaratha ke kAraNa isa kSetra kI prasiddhi hai| isa adbhuta ratha ke nirmANa meM cAra sau kilo tA~bA aura Der3ha kilo sonA lagA hai| tamilanADu kA sabase adhika khyAta tIrthasthala hai, to vaha hai melsittaamuur| yaha jaina kA~cImaTha ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| parakoTe ke bhItara 68 khamboM vAlA eka vizAla mandira hai| jisameM sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke atirikta yakSa-yakSiNI tathA anya devI-devatAoM kI mUrtiyA~ utrkINa haiN| cUne kI eka sapheda raMga kI mUrti vizeSa darzanIya hai| eka kSetra arahaMtagiri navIna tIrtha ke rUpa meM vikasita ho rahA hai| pArzvanAtha mandira ke alAvA yahA~ paMcadeviyoM- jvAlAmAlinI, kuSmAMDinI, padmAvatI, varAhadevI aura cakrezvarI kA mandira apanI vizeSatA liye hue hai| tIrtha kSetroM para jIrNoddhAra, nava-nirmANa, vikAsa aura vistAra dina-pratidina ho rahe haiN| jaina samAja isa kArya meM tana-mana-dhana se sahayoga kara rahI hai| daraasala isa punIta kArya meM preraNAsrota haiM hamAre muniraaj| ve vihAra karate hue jisa kSetra para pahu~cate haiM vahA~ bahuta kucha nava-nirmANa ho jAtA hai| naye-naye bhavya mandira, vizAla dharmazAlAe~, sabhA-bhavana jagaha-jagaha bana cuke haiM, banate jA rahe haiN| bIsavIM zatI meM ye nirmANa bahuta bar3I mAtrA meM bahuta tejI se hue haiN| jainatIrtha :: 115 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #124
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna For Private And Personal Use Only DaoN. kapUracandra jaina zrI - samRddhi sampanna hamAre bhArata deza para aneka varSoM taka vaidezikoM ne zAsana kiyaa| 'svatantratA hamArA janmasiddha adhikAra hai', 'use jo chInanA cAhe, usakA pUrI zakti lagAkara pratirodha karanA hI rASTrIyatA hai' jaisI bhAvanAoM se prerita hokara bhAratIya janasamUha svatantratA kI lar3AI lar3atA rhaa| bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma kA sugaThita prArambha 1857 I. kI janakrAnti se mAnA jAtA hai / 1857 se 1947 I. ke madhya ke 90 varSoM meM na jAne kitane zahIdoM ne apanI zahAdata dekara AjAdI ke vRkSa ko sIMcA, na jAne kitane krAntikAriyoM ne apane rakta se krAntijvAlA ko prajvalita rakhA aura na jAne kitane svAtantrya-premiyoM ne jeloM kI sIkhacoM meM banda rahakara dAruNa yAtanAe~ sahIM / aise vyaktiyoM ke avadAna ko bhI kama karake nahIM A~kA jAnA cAhie jinhoMne jela se bAhara rahakara bhI svatantratA ke vRkSa kI jar3oM ko majabUtI pradAna kI / AjAdI ke Andolana meM bhAga lene vAle pratyeka dezapremI kI apanI alaga kahAnI hai, alaga gAthA hai| purAnI smRtiyA~ haiM, duHkhada anubhava haiN| parivAra kI barbAdI hai aura zarIra para AjAdI kI ibArateM haiM / kinhIM ke cehare para kinhIM kI pITha para, kinhIM ke peTa para to kinhIM ke pairoM para ina ibAratoM ke nizAna haiN| koI parivAra se chUTA to koI zikSA se / kitane hI dezapremI kitane hI dina bhUkhe peTa rahe, jela meM kaMkara - patthara milI roTiyA~ khAyIM vaha bhI azuddha / kisI ne khAyIM to bImAra par3a gayA, koI binA khAye hI do - do dina bhUkhA rhaa| kisI ne prativAda kiyA to kor3e khAye, kisI ko gunahakhAne meM DAla diyA gyaa| AjAdI ke Andolana meM na jAti-pA~ti kA bheda thA na choTe bar3e kA / na garIbaamIra kI bhAvanA thI na U~ca-nIca kA bhAva thaa| sabhI kA eka hI lakSya thA - 'hameM deza ko AjAda karAnA hai, hameM AjAdI cAhie, mara jAyeMge, miTa jAyeMge para AjAdI lekara hI rheNge|' phA~sI ke phande aura goliyoM kI bauchAra unheM bhayabhIta nahIM kara sakI, jela kI dIvAreM unheM roka nahIM sakIM, jaMjIreM bA~dha nahIM sakIM, DaMDe kucala nahIM sake aura parivAra kI barbAdI unheM apane gantavya se vicalita nahIM kara sakI / svatantratA saMgrAma meM jainadharmAvalambiyoM ne bar3ha-car3ha kara hissA liyA thA / aneka 116 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #125
jaina zahIdoM ne apanA balidAna dekara AjAdI ke mArga ko prazasta kiyA to anekoM ne jela kI dAruNa yAtanAe~ shiiN| aneka mAtAoM kI godeM sUnI ho gayIM to aneka bahinoM ke mAthe kA sindUra puMcha gyaa| aise logoM kA bhI bahata yogadAna rahA jinhoMne bAhara se Andolana ko sazakta banAyA, jela gaye vyaktiyoM ke parivAroM ke bharaNa-poSaNa kI vyavasthA kii| bhArata ke saMvidhAna nirmANa aura AjAda hinda phauja meM bhI jainoM ne mahatI bhUmikA nibhAyI thii| jaina patra-patrikAoM ne bhI isa Andolana meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA thaa| kucha patroM ne apane AjAdI sambandhI vizeSAMka nikAle to kucha ne svadezI bhAvanA sambandhI vijJApana bhI prakAzita kiye the| aneka patroM meM prakAzita lekhoM ke kAraNa unakI jamAnateM jabta ho gayI thiiN| svadezI kA pracAra karane ke lie jaina bandhuoM ne apane mandiroM meM svadezI, hAtha se katI dhotI/sAr3I pahanakara hI pUjA-arcanA karane kA pracAra kiyA thA aura mandiroM meM dhotI/sAr3I kI vyavasthA bhI kI thii| svatantratA prApti ke bAda svatantratA Andolana tathA zahIdoM/senAniyoM para bahuta kucha likhA gyaa| svatantratA saMgrAma meM vibhinna jAtiyoM ke yogadAna para pRthak-pRthak pustakeM bhI likhI gayIM, parantu sampUrNa bhAratavarSa ke jaina samAja ke yogadAna para koI pustaka nahIM likhI gyii| jaina samAja meM itihAsa-lekhana ke prati udAsInatA hI rahI hai| jaina AcAryoM, samrAToM, senAnAyakoM, koSAdhyakSoM, mantriyoM, sAhityakAroM aura kaviyoM taka kA prAmANika itihAsa hamAre pAsa nahIM hai| jaina samAja ke itane vRhad yogadAna ko eka lekha meM samAhita karanA sAgara ko gAgara meM bharane jaisA hai| phira bhI jaisA sambhava hai prayAsa kara rahe haiN| isa Alekha meM pradezabAra kucha mahattvapUrNa senAniyoM ke yogadAna kI carcA kara skeNge| ___ mahAtmA gA~dhI jaba vilAyata jAne lage aura unakI mAtA ne mAMsAhAra, madirApAna Adi ke bhaya se bhejane se inakAra kara diyA taba eka jaina sAdhu vecarajI svAmI ne gA~dhI jI ko madirApAna Adi na karane kI pratijJA dilAyI thii| isI prakAra gA~dhI jI ke jIvana para gaharA prabhAva DAlane vAle jo tIna puruSa the, unameM rAyacanda bhAI pramukha the| dhArmika, zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna gA~dhI jI rAyacandra bhAI se hI prApta karate the| svatantratA saMgrAma meM zahAdata prApta karane vAle pramukha jaina bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma meM 1857 kA samara nirNAyaka thaa| isa samara meM videzI sattA ko ukhAr3a pheMkane va videzI zAsakoM ko deza se khader3ane ke lie chAvaniyA~ naSTa kI gyiiN| jelakhAne tor3e gaye, saikar3oM choTe-bar3e khUnI saMgharSa hue, bhayaMkara raktapAta huA, anaginata sainikoM kA saMhAra huA, aneka. mAtAoM kI godeM sUnI ho gayIM, abalAoM svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 117 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #126
kA sindUra puMcha gyaa| hindU, muslima, jaina, sikha Adi sabhI jAtiyoM va sabhI dharmoM ke dezabhaktoM ne isa samara meM apanA yogadAna diyA thaa| aMgrejI sarakAra ko jisa vyakti ke sandarbha meM thor3A-sA bhI yaha jJAta huA ki isakA sambandha vidroha se hai, use sareAma phA~sI para laTakA diyA gyaa| aneka dezabhaktoM ko sareAma kor3e lagAe gaye, to aneka ke parivAra naSTa kara die gaye, sampattiyA~ lUTa lI gayIM, para ye dezabhakta jhuke nhiiN| ___ 1857 kI krAMti meM hA~sI (hariyANA) ke lAlA hukuma canda jaina evaM unake bhatIje phakIra canda jaina tathA gvAliyara (ma.pra.) ke sindhiyA parivAra ke khajAne 'gaMgAjalI' ke khajAMcI zrI amaracanda bAMThiyA ne apanA balidAna dekara AjAdI kA mArga prazasta kiyA thaa| __amara zahIda amaracanda bAMThiyA ke pUrvaja rAjasthAna se Akara gvAliyara (ma.pra.) meM basa gaye the| siMdhiyA nareza ke khajAne (gaMgAjalI) meM aTUTa dhana thA jisakA prabandha bAMThiyA jI kI dekharekha meM hotA thaa| rASTrIya abhilekhAgAra, nayI dillI evaM rAjakIya abhilekhAgAra, bhopAla meM upalabdha dastAvejoM ke anasAra 1857 meM krAntikArI senA kI sthiti rAzana pAnI ke abhAva meM bar3I dayanIya thii| mahArAnI lakSmIbAI kI senA ko mahInoM se vetana nahIM milA thaa| 5 jUna, 1858 ko amaracanda ne dezabhakti se prerita ho gvAliyara kA khajAnA khola diyA jisase krAntikArI netAoM ne apanI senAoM ko vetana Adi vitarita kiyaa| isI bIca aMgrejoM ne gvAliyara para adhikAra kara liyA, eka dikhAvaTI kAryavAhI ke bAda 22 jUna, 1858 ko rAjadroha ke aparAdha meM lazkara (gvAliyara) ke bhIr3a bhare sarrAphA bAjAra meM bigreDiyara nepiyara dvArA nIma ke per3a se laTakAkara bAMThiyA jI ko phA~sI de dI gyii| kaThora cetAvanI ke rUpa meM unakA zava tIna dina taka laTakAye rakhA gyaa| phA~sI sthala para bAMThiyA jI kA sTecyU sthApita kiyA gayA hai| ___ amara zahIda lAlA hukumacandra kA janma 1816 meM hA~sI (hisAra-hariyANA) meM prasiddha kAnUnago parivAra meM huaa| gaNita aura phArasI meM unakI vizeSa ruci thii| mugala bAdazAha bahAdurazAha japhara se unake bahuta acche sambandha the| 1857 ke prathama svatantratA saMgrAma meM hukumacanda jI kI dezaprema kI bhAvanA a~gar3AI lene lgii| unhoMne apane mitra mirjA munIra bega ke sAtha gupta rUpa se eka patra phArasI bhASA meM mugala samrATa ko likhA jisameM yuddha-sAmagrI kI mA~ga kI gayI thii| yaha sAmagrI nahIM A skii| isI bIca aMgrejoM ne dillI para adhikAra kara mugala samrATa ko bandI banA liyaa| 15 navambara, 1857 ko samrATa kI vyaktigata phAiloM kI jA~ca ke daurAna yaha patra aMgrejoM ke hAtha laga gyaa| patra ke AdhAra para eka dikhAvaTI adAlatI kAryavAhI ke bAda hukumacanda jaina aura mirjA munIra bega ko 19 janavarI, 1858 ko hukumacanda jaina ke makAna ke 118 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #127
sAmane phA~sI de dI gyii| vahA~ khar3e hukumacanda jaina ke bhatIje phakIracanda ko jabaradastI pakar3a kara phA~sI ke takhte para laTakA diyA gyaa| dhArmika bhAvanAoM ko Thesa pahu~cAte hue hukumacanda ke zava ko bhaMgiyoM dvArA daphanAyA gayA aura bega ke zava ko jalA diyA gyaa| hukumacanda jaina kI smRti meM hA~sI kI nagara pAlikA ne phA~sI sthala para 'amara zahIda hukumacanda pArka' banavAyA hai| jisameM unakI Adamakada mUrti lagI hai| bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma meM 1915-16, 1930-32 ke Andolana ati mahattvapUrNa rahe haiN| 1942 kA bhArata chor3o Andolana nirNAyaka siddha huA thaa| ina AndolanoM meM jaina samAja ke aneka svatantratA sainAniyoM ne bhAga liyA thA tathA kucha ne apanA balidAna dekara AjAdI kA dIpa prajvalita kiyA thaa| 1915 meM solApura (mahArASTra) ke hutAtmA motIcanda zAha ko ArA ke mahanta kI hatyA ke Aropa meM phA~sI para laTakA diyA gayA thaa| phA~sI se pUrva motIcanda zAha ne khUna se eka patra apane mitroM ke nAma likhA thaa| hutAtmA motIcandra zAha kA janma 1890 I. meM solApura (mahArASTra) jile ke karaMkaba grAma meM seTha padamasI zAha ke ghara huaa| suprasiddha jaina santa AcArya samantabhadra jI mahArAja apanI bAlyAvasthA meM devacanda ke rUpa meM motIcanda ke sAthI the| motIcanda devacanda Adi ne jayapura meM krAntikArI arjunalAla seThI ke vidyAlaya meM krAnti kA pATha pddh'aa| usa samaya krAntikArI dala kA kArya arthAbhAva se Thappa hotA jA rahA thaa| ata: motIcanda evaM unake kucha sAthI yuvakoM ne nimeja ke mahanta kA dhana hastagata karane hetu DAkA ddaalaa| dhana to nahIM milA kintu mahanta kI mRtyu ho gyii| isa aparAdha meM motIcanda ko phA~sI kI sajA sunAI gyii| Who's who of Indian Martyrs Vol.1 page 234 ke anusAra mArca 1915 meM unheM phA~sI de dI gyii| phA~sI ke pUrva motIcanda kA vajana deza ke lie zahAdata prApta karane kI prasannatA meM kucha pauMDa bar3ha gayA thaa| unhoMne jinadarzana va sAmAyika kara phA~sI ke phaMde ko gale lagAyA thaa| ___1942 ke Andolana meM maMDalA (ma.pra.) ke zahIda udayacanda jaina 19 varSa kI alpavaya meM hI pulisa kI golI lagane se 16 agasta, 1942 ko vIragati ko prApta ho gye| isI prakAra gar3hAkoTA, jilA-sAgara (ma.pra.) ke zahIda sAbUlAla baisAkhiyA bhI pulisa kI golI lagane se 22 agasta ko vIragati ko prApta hue| ahamadAbAda kI kumArI jayAvatI saMghavI 5 apraila, 1943 ko A~sU gaisa ke prabhAva se tathA ahamadAbAda ke hI zahIda nAthAlAla urpha natthAlAla zAha 9 navambara, 1943 ko jela meM hI zahIda ho gye| isI Andolana meM hAtakaNaMgale jilA-sAMgalI (mahArASTra) ke zahIda aNNA patrAvale jela se bhAgate hue pulisa kI golI se zahIda ho gye| sAMgalI ke hAIskUla meM unakA sTecU lagAyA gayA hai| 1942 meM hI indaura ke magana lAla osavAla, kolhApura (mahArASTra) ke bhUpAla aNNAppA aSNAskure; jabalapura (ma.pra.) ke mulAyama canda jaina, svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 119 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #128
damoha (ma.pra.) ke caudharI bhaiyAlAla, ujjaina (ma.pra.) ke cauthamala bhaMDArI, mahArASTra ke bhUpAla paMDita, bhAramala tathA harizcandra dagaDobA jaina zahIda ho gaye the| 1930 meM siloMr3I (jabalapura) ma.pra. ke kaMdhIlAla maTarUlAla jaina jaMgala satyAgraha meM zahIda ho gaye the| ina zahIdoM ke prati jaina samAja hI nahIM pUrA rASTra natamastaka hai| svatantratA saMgrAma meM jela yAtrA karane vAlI pramukha jaina mahilAe~ strI aura puruSa sRSTi rUpI ratha ke do pahiye haiN| eka ke binA dUsarA adhUrA hai| vizva ke adhikAMza dezoM meM puruSa pradhAna samAja rahA hai| isake aneka kAraNoM meM eka kAraNa prAkRtika bhI hai| nArI svabhAva se komala aura bhAvanA pradhAna rahI hai, phira bhI samaya Ane para vaha rASTra, parivAra, samAja ke lie apanA saba kucha arpaNa karane meM pIche nahIM rahI hai| ___ bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma meM nAriyoM ne bhI apanA jauhara dikhAyA aura apane balidAnoM se isa deza kI AjAdI kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma kA sugaThita Arambha 1857 kI krAnti se mAnA jAtA hai| isa Andolana kA netRtva eka mahilA rAnI lakSmIbAI ne kiyA thaa| aMgrejoM ke viruddha unakI lar3AI itanI sazakta thI ki sambhavataH pahalI bAra aMgreja cauMka gaye the| rAnI lakSmIbAI kI gAthA janajana meM vyApta hai| bacce-bacce yaha gAte mila jAyeMge-'khUba lar3I mardAnI vaha to jhA~sI vAlI rAnI thii|' ___ begama hajarata mahala, begama jInata mahala, avantikA bAI lodhI, enI beseMTa, kastUrabA gA~dhI, saralA devI sArAbhAI, mRdulAbena sArAbhAI, subhadrA kumArI cauhAna, rAjakumArI amRta kaura, kamalA devI caTTopAdhyAya, bhaginI niveditA, zobhA rAnI De, mAtaMginI hAjarA, aruNA Asapha alI, sucetA kRpalAnI, lakSmI svAmInAthana Adi ve mahilAe~ haiM, jinhoMne saMgharSa kA bigula bajAyA, aneka kaSTa sahe para jhukI nahIM, aisI hI mahilAoM ke yogadAna se Aja hama svatantratA ke vAtAvaraNa meM sA~sa le rahe haiN| inhIM mahilAoM ke balidAna aura saMgharSoM para hamArI svatantratA kA bhavya prAsAda khar3A hai| bhAratIya svatantratA Andolana kI carcA meM mahilAoM ke yogadAna ko prAyaH vismRta kara diyA jAtA hai| yaha sahI hai ki sIdhe saMgharSa meM utarane vAlI mahilAoM kI saMkhyA kama hai, kintu yaha bhI utanA hI satya hai ki yadi mahilAoM kA yogadAna na hotA to sambhavataH AjAdI kI yaha lar3AI hama nahIM jIta paate| puruSa ke jela jAne para yA anya prakAra se aise AndolanoM meM sakriya rahane para mahilAoM ko bhISaNa saMkaTa ke daura se gujaranA par3atA hai| eka tarapha parivAra aura baccoM kI cintA to dUsarI tarapha pati kI, phira bhI 120 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #129
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ve pati ke kAryoM meM sahayoga detI haiM, yahI unakA sabase bar3A yogadAna hai / bhAratIya svatantratA Andolana meM jaina mahilAe~ bhI pIche nahIM rahIM thIM / ahamadAbAda kI ku. jayAvatI saMghavI 1942 ke Andolana meM zahIda ho gayIM thiiN| 1930 kI dAMDI yAtrA meM mahilAoM kA netRtva saralA devI sArAbhAI ne kiyA thaa| aneka mahilAe~ atyanta viSama paristhitiyoM meM bhI jela jAne se nahIM DarIM / aneka ne parivAra ko sa~bhAla kara tathA dUsare parivAroM kI sahAyatA kara Andolana ko sazakta banAyA thA / sundaradevI jaisI mahilAoM ne kavitAoM ke mAdhyama se jana-jAgRti paidA kI thii| aneka mahilAoM ne apane AbhUSaNa utAra kara sahAyatArtha de diye the / eka pravAsI bhAratIya DaoN. prANajIvana mehatA kI putrI ramA bahina aura putravadhU lIlAvatI bahina AjAda hinda phauja meM sammilita ho gayI thiiN| mahArASTra kI raNarAgiNI rAjamatI pATila govA se rela ke sAdhAraNa Dibbe meM hathiyAra rakhakara lAtI thIM aura apane krAntikArI sAthiyoM ko detI thiiN| yahA~ kucha pramukha mahilAoM kA nAmollekha kiyA jA rahA hai| AgarA kI zrImatI aMgUrI devI krAntikArI mahilA ke rUpa meM vikhyAta thIM, lalitapura kI zrImatI kamalA devI apane pati krAntikArI paM. parameSThI dAsa jI ke sAtha hI sAbaramatI jela meM banda rahI thiiN| sUrata kI zrImatI jayAbena dAMDI yAtrA meM sAtha gayIM thiiN| inake atirikta zrImatI kamalA jaina (alavara), kamalA sohanarAja jaina (kAnapura), zrImatI kezara (lalitapura), kA~cana munnAlAla zAha (gujarAta), zrImatI gaMgAdevI (murAdAbAda), zrImatI gaMgAbAI (kAnapura), zrImatI govinda devI paTuA (kalakattA), zrImatI camelIbAI jaina (dillI), zrImatI tArAbAI kAsalIvAla (ujjaina), zrImatI dhanavatI rAMkA (nAgapura), zrImatI nanhIbAI (jabalapura), zrImatI prabhAdevI zAha (mahArASTra), zrImatI premakumArI vizArada (koTA), zrImatI puSpAdevI koTecA (sUrata), zrImatI phUla ku~vara caurar3iyA (nImaca), zrImatI bayAbAI rAmacandra jaina (bardhA), zrImatI mANika gaurI, zrImatI rAjUtAI pATila (sAMgalI), zrImatI lakSmIdevI (sahAranapura), zrImatI vidyAvatI devaDiyA (nAgapura), zrImatI zIlavatI jaina (bijanaura), zrImatI sajjana devI mahanota (ujjaina), zrImatI saradAra ku~varabAI lUr3iyA (ajamera), zrImatI sarasvatI devI rAMkA (nAgapura) AryikA saravatIbAI, paMDitA sumatibena zahA Adi mahilAe~ jela yAtrI rahI haiN| eka aura mahilA ke ullekha ke binA yaha lekha pUrA nahIM hogA / zrImatI lekhabatI jaina ( sahAranapura - u. pra.) sAre hindustAna meM nirvAcita pahalI mahilA sadasyA thIM, jo 1933 meM paMjAba prAntIya kauMsila kI sadasyA cunI gayI thIM, ve jaina jAti kI sarojanI nAyaDU kahI jAtI thIM / svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 121 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #130
svatantratA saMgrAma meM jela yAtrA karane vAle uttara pradeza evaM uttarAMcala ke pramukha jaina : uttara pradeza aura uttarAMcala rAjanaitika cetanA sampanna rAjya rahe haiN| uttara pradeza ke hI pahAr3I hisse ko kara alaga uttarAMcala rAjya banAyA gayA hai| janasaMkhyA kI dRSTi se uttara pradeza bhArata kA sabase bar3A rAjya rahA hai, isalie kendrIya rAjanIti meM isakI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA rahI hai| uttara pradeza, uttarAMcala ke lalitapura, jhA~sI, meraTha, bar3auta, mujaphpharanagara, sahAranapura, bijanaura, deharAdUna, kAnapura, phirojAbAda, AgarA Adi zaharoM meM bahutAyata se jaina samudAya ke loga nivAsa karate haiN| pazcimI u.pra. ke jaina udyoga aura vyApAra meM agraNI haiN| bundelakhaMDa tathA mathurA meM jaina saMskRti ke prAcInatama avazeSa mile haiN| jaina sAMskRtika dRSTi se bundelakhaMDa kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| uttara pradeza aura uttarAMcala ke aneka jaina mahAnubhAvoM ne Andolana meM bhAga liyA thA aura jela yAtrAe~ kI thiiN| AgarA ke seTha acala siMha paM. javAharalAla neharU ke vizvAsapAtra vyaktiyoM meM the| meraTha ke zrI ajita prasAda jaina bhAratIya saMvidhAna sabhA ke sadasya rahe the| AgarA kI zrImatI aMgUrI devI krAntikArI mahilA ke rUpa meM vikhyAta thiiN| lalitapura ke lagabhaga paccIsa jaina jela yAtrI rahe haiN| aneka mahilAe~ bhI yahA~ se jela gyiiN| paM. phUlacandra siddhAntazAstrI ne svatantratA Andolana kI sahabhAgitA ke sAtha jaina Agama granthoM kA anuvAda kara jaina saMskRti ko bhI mahanIya yogadAna diyA hai| bijanaura ke bAbU ratanalAla ne jela meM hI 'Atma rahasya' nAmaka pustaka likhI thii| maDAvarA ke suprasiddha santa tathA 'jaina jagata ke gA~dhI' nAma se vikhyAta kSullaka gaNeza prasAda 'varNI' ne AjAda hinda phauja kI sahAyatArtha apanI do cAdaroM meM se eka cAdara dAna meM de dI thI, jo bAda meM nIlAma karane para usa saste jamAne meM bhI tIna hajAra ru. meM bikI thii| yahA~ ke aneka kaviyoM ne apanI kavitAoM ke mAdhyama se Andolana meM prANa phUMke the, inameM lalitapura ke zrI hukumacanda bukhAriyA 'tanmaya' evaM bar3auta ke zrI zAnti svarUpa 'kusuma' ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| 1942 ke Andolana meM vArANasI ke zrI syAdavAda mahAvidyAlaya ke sabhI chAtra krAntikArI ho gaye the| kAnapura ke vaidya kanhaiyA lAla kA pUrA parivAra hI jela yAtrI rahA hai| sahAranapura ke bhAI haMsakumAra ke sandarbha meM suprasiddha sAhityakAra zrI kanhaiyAlAla mizra 'prabhAkara' ne likhA hai "17-18 sAla kI umra aura piddI-sA shriir| 1930 meM rur3akI chAvanI meM phaujoM ko bhar3akAne ke aparAdha meM unheM 4 sAla kI sakhta kaida kI sajA sunAI gayI to jile bhara meM sannATA chA gayA, para ve ha~sate hue apanI bairaka meM lauTe aura usa rAta meM itanA baDhiyA nAce ki kaidI sAthiyoM ko vaha Aja bhI yAda hai|..." 122 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #131
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta ke pramukha jaina : rAjasthAna aura gujarAta rAjanItika cetanA kI dRSTi se agraNI rAjya rahe haiN| rASTrapitA mahAtmA gA~dhI kA janma gujarAta meM huaa| gujarAta se hI aneka bAra krAnti kI ciMgAriyA~ utthiiN| gujarAta kA ahamadAbAda to rAjanIti kA gar3ha rahA hI hai, anya bar3e zahara bhI bhAratIya rAjanIti ke kendra bindu rahe haiM / 'lauhapuruSa' ke nAma se vikhyAta saradAra vallabha bhAI paTela ne kisAnoM kA Andolana gujarAta ke vAraDolI se prArambha kiyA thaa| gujarAta meM hI vallabha bhAI paTela ko saradAra kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gayA thaa| 1930 meM mahAtmA gA~dhI ne suprasiddha dAMDI yAtrA yahIM se prArambha kara a~grejI hukUmata ko hilA diyA thaa| rAjasthAna meM 'mAravAr3a loka pariSad' jaisI aneka saMsthAoM ne jana-jAgRti kara navayuvakoM ko Andolana ke lie prerita kiyA thA / rAjasthAna aura gujarAta donoM hI rAjyoM meM jaina samAja ke loga atyadhika mAtrA meM nivAsa karate haiN| rAjasthAna ke jayapura, udayapura, jodhapura, bIkAnera Adi zaharoM meM bahutAyata se jaina samAja ke loga rahate haiM / sAmAjika aura arthika yogadAna ke sAtha rAjanIti meM bhI ina pradezoM ke jainoM ne mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| jayapura ke paMDita arjunalAla seThI jaise krAntikAriyoM ke yogadAna ko kaise vismRta kiyA jA sakatA hai, jinhoMne krAntikAriyoM ko taiyAra karane ke lie jayapura meM jaina vidyAlaya kI sthApanA kI thii| seThI jI jainadharma ke itane kaTTara anuyAyI the ki vailUra jela meM banda hone para jinamUrti kA darzana na kara pAne ke kAraNa ve chappana dina taka nirAhAra rahe the| jayapura kehI zrI choTelAla jaina ke nidhana para mahAtmA gA~dhI ne sampAdakIya likhA thaa| sUrata ke zrI choTAlAla ghelAbhAI gA~dhI 'choTA gA~dhI' ke nAma se vikhyAta the, dAMDI yAtrA ke samaya mahAtmA gA~dhI inhIM ke nivAsa para ruke the / gujarAta kI saralA devI sArAbhAI ne dAMDI yAtrA ke samaya mahilAoM kA netRtva kiyA thA / rAjasthAna aura gujarAta donoM rAjyoM ke aneka jaina bandhuoM ne AjAdI ke Andolana meM jela yAtrA kara tathA anya prakAra se sahayoga dekara AjAdI kA mArga prazasta kiyA thaa| madhya pradeza, chattIsagar3ha, mahArASTra, karnATaka evaM Andhra pradeza ke pramukha jaina : rAjanItika cetanA kI dRSTi se madhya pradeza agraNI rAjya rahA hai isakA purAnA nAma madhya bhArata yA madhya prAnta bhI thA / taba isameM mahArASTra kA kucha hissA, jisameM nAgapura pramukha hai, thA / vindhya pradeza meM vartamAna madhya pradeza aura uttara pradeza ke kucha jile the / vartamAna bundelakhaMDa meM aba bhI madhya pradeza aura uttara pradeza ke jile sammilita haiN| vartamAna chattIsagar3ha bhI madhya pradeza ke kucha hisse ko alaga kara alaga rAjya banAyA gayA hai| mahArASTra, karnATaka aura Andhra pradeza kI sImAe~ milI huI haiN| ina sabhI pradezoM ke svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 123 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #132
svatantratA-premiyoM ne bhAratIya svatantratA-saMgrAma meM pracuratA se bhAga liyA thaa| 1942 kA bhArata chor3o Andolana bambaI se hI prArambha huA thaa| 1930 meM dAMDI yAtrA ke samaya madhya pradeza meM jaMgala satyAgraha prArambha huA thA kyoMki aneka loga dAMDI yAtrA meM nahIM jA sake the| isI prakAra jhaMDA satyAgraha, jAgIra prathA virodha, mahuA Andolana Adi Andolana bhI isa pradeza meM cale the| madhya pradeza ke kucha jiloM meM jaina sampradAya ke loga bahutAyata se nivAsa karate haiM, inameM jabalapura, sAgara, damoha, gvAliyara, TIkamagar3ha, chatarapura, vidizA, khaMDavA, indaura, rIvAM, datiyA Adi ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| 1939 meM jabalapura (tripurI) meM kAMgresa kA 52vA~ adhivezana huaa| Asa-pAsa ke kSetroM se hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM utsAhI aura dezabhakta navayuvakoM ne isameM bhAga liyA thaa| isa adhivezana meM aneka jaina bandhuoM ne bhAga liyA thA aura svayaMsevaka kA kArya kiyA thaa| ____ 1857 meM gvAliyara ke siMdhiyA parivAra ke khajAne 'gaMgAjalI' ke khajAMcI zrI amaracanda bAMThiyA ne mahArAnI lakSmIbAI ko prabhUta dhana diyA thaa| kucha dina bAda hI unheM 22 jUna 1858 ko sarrAphA bAjAra ke nIma ke per3a para phA~sI para laTakA diyA thaa| eka gambhIra cetAvanI ke rUpa meM unakA zava tIna dina taka laTakA rahA thaa| maMDalA ke udayacanda jaina, gar3hAkoTA ke sAbUlAla baisAkhiyA ne 1942 ke Andolana meM zahAdata dekara AjAdI kA mArga prazasta kiyA thaa| sAgara jile se lagabhaga 100 jaina vyakti jela gaye the| isI prakAra jabalapura ke jaina jelayAtriyoM kI saMkhyA bhI arddhazataka se Upara hai, isa sandarbha meM jaina sandeza likhatA hai-'madhyaprAnta kI jaina samAja sadA hI rASTrIya svatantratA ke Andolana meM mahattvapUrNa bhAga letI rahI hai| usane rASTrIya pravRttiyoM ko jana-mana-dhana sabhI se pUrA protsAhana diyA hai aura svayaM bhI sakriya bhAga liyA hai| akele isI prAnta se isa atyanta mahattvapUrNa alpasaMkhyaka samAja ke 500 se adhika jaina san 42 ke Andolana meM jela gaye aura jo jela nahIM gaye, unhoMne bhI isa Andolana ko bAhara raha kara hI pUrA sahayoga diyaa| isa sahayoga ke phalasvarUpa kitanoM ko sarakAra kI najaroM meM car3hanA par3A aura Arthika hAni sahanI par3I, yaha A~kar3oM meM batAnA asambhava hai| isa Andolana kI taraha pichale AndolanoM meM bhI jainoM kA zAnadAra bhAga rahA hai| kAMgresa ke adhikArI acchI taraha jAnate haiM ki tripurI kAMgresa meM sevA aura dhana donoM hI rUpa se jainoM kA sabase adhika bhAga rhaa| isa prAnta meM eka vizeSatA yaha bhI rahI hai ki jaina kevala pichalI paMkti meM hI nahIM rahe, balki unhoMne prAnta kI rAjanIti para apanA paryApta prabhAva DAlA hai| anekoM maMDala, zahara, jilA kAMgresa kameTiyoM ke padAdhikArI jaina haiN| seTha pUnamacandajI rAMkA to varSoM se prAntIya kAMgresa kameTI ke sabhApati evaM prAntapati haiN| vIra yuvaka udayacanda aura sAbUlAla ke balidAnoM se to isa prAnta 124 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #133
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kA mastaka bahuta hI U~cA ho gayA hai| kula milAkara isa prAnta ne rASTrIya yajJa meM jo AhutiyA~ dI haiM, ve svatantra bhArata ke itihAsa meM Adara ke sAtha smaraNa kI jaaeNgii|' mahArASTra ke vardhA, parabhaNI, auraMgAbAda, sAMgalI, solApura tathA karnATaka ke belagAma, mUlabidre, hAsana, Andhra pradeza ke haidarAbAda Adi meM paryApta mAtrA meM jaina bandhu nivAsa karate haiN| inake upanAmoM ke kAraNa inako jaina rUpa meM pahacAnane meM kaThinAI sAmane aayii| yahA~ ke jainoM ne prANapaNa se rASTrIya Andolana meM bhAga liyA thaa| amara zahIda motIcanda zAha ko 1915 meM ArA ke mahanta kI hatyA ke Aropa meM phA~sI para laTakA diyA gayA thaa| isI prakAra amara zahIda aNNApatrAvale, bhUpAla aNaskare, vIra sAtappA TopaNNAvara Adi ne apanA balidAna diyA thaa| raNarAgiNI rAjamatI pATila krAntikArI mahilA thIM, ve govA se corI-chipe hathiyAra lAkara krAntikArI sAthiyoM ko detI thI dillI, paMjAba, hariyANA, himAcala pradeza, bihAra, baMgAla evaM ur3IsA ke pramukha jaina : dillI bhAratavarSa kI rAjadhAnI hone se bhAratIya rAjanIti kA kendra-bindu rahI hai| isakA purAnA nAma indraprastha thaa| isI prakAra paMjAba kA purAnA nAma paMcanada thaa| vartamAna pAkistAna meM paMjAba kA kucha hissA AtA hai, jisameM gujarA~vAlA, syAlakoTa Adi nagara prasiddha haiN| hariyANA pahale paMjAba meM hI thA, punargaThana ke bAda ise alaga pradeza banAyA gyaa| isI prakAra himAcala bhI punargaThana ke bAda alaga pradeza bnaa| bihAra, baMgAla aura ur3IsA bhI bhAratIya rAjanIti ke pramukha kendra rahe haiN| jaina itihAsa kI dRSTi se bihAra aura ur3IsA meM rAjanItika saMgharSa calatA rahA hai| magadha kA samrAT jaba ur3IsA se 'kaliMga jina' kI mUrti uThAkara le AyA thA, taba samrATa khAravela magadha para car3hAI kara usa 'kaliMga jina' kI mUrti ko vApisa ur3IsA le gayA thaa| khaMDagiri-udayagiri ke prasiddha zilAlekha meM isa ghaTanA kA ullekha khAravela ne kiyA hai| baMgAla meM pravAsI jainoM kA bAhulya hai, ye prAyaH rAjasthAna se udyoga-vyApAra ke silasile meM yahA~ Aye aura yahIM basa gye| dillI meM paryApta mAtrA meM jaina samudAya ke loga nivAsa karate haiN| yahA~ udyoga ke sAtha rAjakIya sevA meM rata aneka mahAnubhAva bhI rahate haiN| cA~danI cauka ke AsapAsa kA sthAna, jisameM dariyAgaMja, darIbAkalA~ Adi Ate haiM, jaina-bahula kSetra haiN| suprasiddha lAla mandira yahIM lAlakile ke sAmane banA hai| dillI meM u.pra., hariyANA, rAjasthAna Adi se Aye pravAsI jainoM kI bhI acchI saMkhyA hai| dillI ke jaina svatantratA senAniyoM meM kucha aise haiM jo dillI ke mUla nivAsI haiM aura kucha aise haiM jinhoMne kisI anya pradeza meM svatantratA saMgrAma meM bhAga liyA, bAda meM dillI Akara basa gye| dillI ke jela yAtriyoM para zrI phUlacanda jaina ne eka vRhad grantha likhA hai| suprasiddha sAhityakAra zrI jainendra kumAra jaina bhI jela yAtrI rahe haiN| krAntikArI vimala prasAda jaina svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 125 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #134
'dillI SaDyantra kesa' ke pramukha abhiyukta rahe the| paMjAba, hariyANA aura himAcala meM jaina jela yAtriyoM kI saMkhyA nagaNya hai| himAcala pradeza ke svatantratA senAnI' pustaka ke do bhAga dekhane para kevala eka jaina svatantratA senAnI milaa| 1933 meM paMjAba prAntIya kauMsila kA cunAva jItane vAlI zrImatI lekhavatI jaina pUre bhArata meM cunAva jItane vAlI pahalI mahilA sadasyA thiiN| zrI vijaya siMha nAhara baMgAla ke upamukhyamantrI rahe the| parAdhIna bhArata ke prAyaH pratyeka nAgarika kI yaha bhAvanA thI ki- aMgreja yahA~ se jAe~ jisase hama svatantratA kI AvohavA meM sA~sa le sakeM, yahA~ ke nivAsiyoM ke apane niyama hoM, apane kAnUna hoM, unheM abhivyakti kI, apanI bAta kahane kI svatantratA ho| yaha zAzvata siddhAnta hai ki-'parAdhInatA kI sthiti meM koI bhI rASTra unnati nahIM kara sktaa|' ___ 'svatantratA vyakti kA janmasiddha adhikAra hai' yaha bhAvanA prAyaH pratyeka bhAratIya ke hRdaya meM ghara kara cukI thii| AjAdI ke lie choTI-bar3I lar3AiyA~ hotI rhiiN| bhAratIya svatantratA Andolana kA saMgaThita Arambha 1857 kI krAnti se mAnA jAtA hai| isa Andolana meM sabhI jAti aura sampradAya ke logoM ne binA kisI bheda-bhAva ke bhAga liyA aura apanI zakti anusAra yogadAna diyaa| kitane hI loga zahIda ho gye| anekoM ne jela kI dAruNa yAtanAe~ sahIM para ve jhuke nhiiN| eka bAra kesariyA bAnA pahanA to basa hamezA ke lie pahana liyaa| unhoMne AjAdI prApta kara hI dama liyaa| svatantratA ke isa Andolana meM vRddhoM, yuvakoM, baccoM, mahilAoM sabhI ne bhAga liyA thaa| jaina samAja ke loga bhI isameM pIche nahIM rhe| Andolana ke samaya aneka jainoM ne jela kI dAruNa yAtanAe~ sahIM, jo kisI kAraNavaza jela nahIM jA sake, unake yogadAna ko bhI kama karake nahIM A~kA jAnA caahie| jaina samAja prAya: sabhI pradezoM/prAntoM meM dhanika samAja rahA hai ataH isa samAja ke logoM ne Andolana meM bharapUra Arthika sahayoga diyaa| aneka loga aise haiM, jinheM pulisa ne giraphtAra to kara liyA kintu umra kama hone ke kAraNa thAne meM hI chor3a diyA, aneka loga aise bhI haiM jo bhUmigata rahakara kArya karate rahe, pulisa lAkha kozizoM ke bAda bhI unheM giraphtAra nahIM kara skii| ____ jaba koI vyakti jela calA jAtA hai to usake parivAra kI Arthika sthiti DA~vADola ho jAnA svAbhAvika hai| kamAne vAlA na ho to ghara kaise cale? idhara AmadanI banda udhara taraha-taraha ke kharce / Arthika rUpa se sampanna hone ke kAraNa jaina samAja ke logoM ne jela jAne vAle vyaktiyoM ke parivAroM kI cupacApa bharapUra Arthika sahAyatA kI thii| 126 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #135
aneka logoM ne aise parivAroM ko rAzana-pAnI pahu~cAyA thaa| ahamadAbAda ke zrI ambAlAla sArAbhAI ne briTiza sarakAra se mile 'kesare hinda' sammAna ko lauTAkara tahalakA macA diyA thaa| AjAda hinda phauja aura jaina bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma meM netA jI subhASacandra bosa aura unakI AjAda hinda phauja kA mahanIya yogadAna hai kintu unake yogadAna kA sahI mUlyAMkana nahIM ho sakA hai| AcArya dIpaMkara ne ThIka hI likhA hai-'jisa mahAn svatantratA senAnI aura hutAtmA kA bhArata ke zAsaka vargoM ne abhI taka sahI-sahI mUlyAMkana nahIM kiyA hai, vaha haiM netA jI subhASacandra bosa / unakA atyadhika gatizIla vyaktitva, mAtRbhUmi ke prati sampUrNa samarpaNa, samAja ko udvelita karane kI asAdhAraNa kSamatA aura apanI sampUrNa zaktiyoM ko svAdhInatA saMgharSa meM jhoMka DAlane kA dIvAnApana aise adbhuta guNa the jinhoMne karor3oM bhAratIyoM ko apanI ora AkRSTa kara liyA thA aura apanA upAsaka banA liyA thaa|' netA jI subhASacandra bosa aura unakI AjAda hinda phauja ko jaina samAja ke logoM ne bharapUra sahayoga diyA thaa| 1942 ke bhArata chor3o Andolana se briTiza hukUmata Dara gayI thI aura use lagane lagA thA ki hameM bhArata chor3anA par3egA, kintu phira bhI kisI taraha vaha lar3akhar3Ate paira jamAne kI koziza kara rahI thii| idhara AjAda hinda phauja kI krAntikArI gatividhiyoM se bhI vaha pUrI taraha ghabarA gyii| ina sabakI pariNati 1947 meM deza kI AjAdI ke rUpa meM huii| ___1942 ke Andolana ke samaya bhArata meM krAntikAriyoM ko jisa taraha kI krUra sajAe~ dI jA rahI thIM, unheM dekhate hue kaI krAntikArI jApAna, cIna, malAyA, barmA Adi dezoM kI ora cale gaye the, aura vahIM se apanI krAntikArI gatividhiyoM kA saMcAlana kara rahe the| prasiddha krAntikArI rAsa bihArI bosa ne jApAna meM zaraNa lI thii| dvitIya vizvayuddha ke daurAna jaba jApAna ne mitra rASTroM ke viruddha yuddha kI ghoSaNA kI taba Tokiyo meM eka sammelana meM rAsa bihArI bosa kI adhyakSatA meM eka kameTI banAI gayI aura nirNaya liyA gayA ki barmA, malAyA, thAIlaiMDa Adi dezoM meM bhI bhAratIya svatantratA Andolana calAyA jaaye| jApAnI phaujeM jaba malAyA kI ora bar3hIM aura siMgApura meM aMgreja hAra gaye taba vijetA jApAnI mejara phUjIvArA ne bhAratIya phaujoM ko sambodhita karate hue kahA thA ki'jApAna bhArata ke viruddha nahIM hai, ataH bhAratIya sainika hamAre yuddha bandI nhiiN|' taba kaipTana mohana siMha aura jJAnI prItama siMha bhAratIya phaujoM ke kamAMDara banA die gaye aura unhoMne jApAna kI sahAyatA se bhArata ko AjAda karAne kA prayatna prArambha kara diyaa| svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 127 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #136
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir tabhI malAyA meM rahane vAle bhAratIyoM ne bhI 'iMDiyA iMDipeMDeMsa lIga' nAmaka saMsthA kI sthApanA kii| isI lIga ke niyantraNa meM 'AjAda hinda senA' saMgaThita karane kA nirNaya liyA gyaa| kaipTana mohana siMha isake kamAMDara banAye gaye aura bIsa hajAra sainika isameM zAmila ho gye| isI samaya subhASacandra bosa gupta rIti se bhArata se Tokiyo pahu~ce / rAsa bihArI bosa ne siMgApura meM ghoSaNA kara dI ki - 'aba Age bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma kA netRtva subhASacandra bosa kreNge|' 26 jUna, 1943 ko subhASacandra bosa ne Tokiyo reDiyo se pravAsI bhAratIyoM ke nAma apanA pahalA bhASaNa prasArita kiyaa| bIsa hajAra bhAratIya sainikoM kI zAnadAra pareDa meM unheM salAmI dI gyii| isa samAroha meM jApAnI pradhAnamantrI bhI upasthita hue the / subhASacandra bosa ne 'AjAda hinda phauja' ke nAma kI prasiddha apIla prakAzita kI, jisake anta meM unhoMne kahA thA - " tuma mujhe khUna do- maiM tumheM AjAdI dU~gA / " isI ke bAda sabhI ne subhASacandra bosa ko 'netAjI' upanAma se pukAranA prArambha kara diyA thaa| jo loga senA meM nahIM the, unhoMne dhana se va anya prakAra se phauja kI sahAyatA karanA prArambha kara diyaa| AjAda hinda phauja meM jainiyoM ne bhI bar3ha-car3hakara sahayoga diyA thA / dhanadhAnya kI aparimita sahAyatA isa samAja ne kI thii| netAjI subhASacandra bosa ke nijI cikitsaka rahe karnala DaoN. rAjamala kAsalIvAla apanI a~greja senA kI karnalI chor3akara AjAda hinda phauja meM sammilita ho gaye the / 'Whos who in the world' meM ullikhita evaM deza meM cikitsA ke utkRSTa puraskAra 'bI.sI. rAya avArDa' se sammAnita DaoN. rAjamala kAsalIvAla, putra- zrI muMzI pyArelAla kAsalIvAla kA janma 20 navambara, 1906 ko jayapura (rAjasthAna) meM huA / 1929 meM lakhanaU vizvavidyAlaya se ema.bI.bI.esa. pAsa karane ke bAda Apa ucca zikSArtha iMglaiMDa cale gaye jahA~ se 1931 meM DI. TI. ema. eMDa eca. tathA 1932 meM landana se ema. Ara. sI. sI. kI upAdhiyA~ prApta kiiN| 1935 meM 'iMDiyana meDIkala sarviseja ' ke antargata Apa bhAratIya senA meM sammilita hue, jahA~ lephTineMTa karnala taka ke vibhinna padoM para kArya kiyA / dvitIya vizvayuddha meM Apako malAyA bhejA gayA, jahA~ netAjI subhASacandra bosa se ApakI bheMTa huii| netAjI kI dezabhakti se inameM dezabhakti kI bhAvanA hiloreM lene lgiiN| idhara netAjI bhI unakI sevAoM se itane prabhAvita hue ki unhoMne apanI 'AjAda hinda phauja' meM sammilita hone kA Agraha kiyaa| kAsalIvAla jI tatkAla 'AjAda hinda phauja' meM sammilita ho gaye, jahA~ 1945 taka Apa nidezaka 'cikitsA evaM svAsthya sevA' ke pada para rhe| Apa netAjI ke nijI cikitsaka bhI the / 128 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #137
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kAsalIvAla jI ke sandarbha meM 'jaina sandeza' rASTrIya aMka (janavarI, 1947) likhatA hai - ' Apa DaoNkTarI kI sarvocca DigrI pAsa karane ke bAda sarakAra dvArA phauja ko DaoNkTarI sahAyatA dene ke lie vizeSa pada para bheje gaye the / kintu svatantratA kA dIvAnA kaba taka isa prakAra gulAma phaujoM kI cikitsA karatA raha sakatA thaa| AjAda hinda phauja ke nirmANa hote hI Apa sarakArI naukarI chor3akara usameM jA mile aura netA jI subhASacanda bosa ke sAtha unake eka vizvasta sahayogI ke rUpa meM bhArata kI mukti ke lie anavarata prayatna karate rhe| Apa AjAda hinda phauja sarakAra ke mantrimaMDala ke eka sadasya, DAyarekTara oNpha meDIkalsa tathA netAjI ke parsanala DaoNkTara kI haisiyata se sammAnapUrNa aura dAyitvapUrNa padoM para rhe|' dillI ke lAla kile meM anyoM ke sAtha ina para bhI mukadamA calA thaa| AjAdI ke bAda kAsalIvAla jI AgarA meDIkala kaoNleja ke prAcArya, jayapura meDIkala kaoNleja ke saMsthApaka prAcArya, antarrASTrIya cikitsA vijJAna akAdamI ke adhyakSa, a. bhA. kAMgresa kameTI ke sadasya Adi aneka padoM para rhe| cikitsA zAstra se sambandhita aneka pustakeM tathA aneka lekha deza - videza kI patrikAoM meM Apake prakAzita hue haiN| aneka dezoM kI yAtrA bhI inhoMne kI thI / prasiddha tIrtha zrI mahAvIra jI ke ye varSoM taka adhyakSa / mantrI rahe / videzoM meM rahane vAle aneka pravAsI bhAratIya jo AjAda hinda phauja meM zAmila nahIM ho sake the, unhoMne dhanAdi dekara AjAda hinda phauja kI sahAyatA kI thii| aise vyaktiyoM meM barmA meM vyApAra ke lie gaye eka prakhyAta jaina udyogapati zrI caturbhuja sundara jI dozI ke yuvA choTe bhAI zrI maNilAla dozI kA nAma agragaNya hai / maNilAla jI netA ke caraNoM meM apanA sarvasva samarpaNa kara AjAda hinda phauja meM zAmila ho gaye / ve phauja meM eka dAyitvapUrNa vibhAga ke mantrI rhe| jaba barmA jApAna ke adhikAra se nikalakara punaH a~grejoM ke adhikAra meM AyA to barmA sarakAra ne inheM giraphtAra karake raMgUna jela meM DAla diyaa| AjAda hinda phauja ke tamAma kaidI rihA ho jAne ke bAda bhI barmA kI aDiyala sarakAra ne dozI jI ko rihA nahIM kiyA, phalataH zrI zaraccandra bosa ke netRtva meM eka joradAra Andolana huA aura bhArata se unakI pairavI karane ke lie prasiddha vakIla zrI ke. ema. muMzI aura mi. ke. epha. narImana gaye / anta meM barmA sarakAra ne dozI jI ko rihA kiyaa| 9 julAI, 1943 ko netAjI ne eka vizAla janasabhA meM mahilAoM ko bhI AjAdI kI lar3AI meM bhAga lene ke lie Amantrita kiyA, phalataH 'rAnI jhA~sI rejImeMTa' kI sthApanA huii| akTUbara, 1943 meM siMgApura meM mahilA kaimpa lagA, phira malAyA va barmA ke anya bhAgoM meM bhI kaimpa lge| inameM mahilAoM ko cikitsA, narsiMga, Drila, nakze svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 129 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #138
dekhanA, yuddha takanIka, zastra-saMcAlana Adi senA ke sabhI kSetroM kA prazikSaNa diyA jAtA thaa| AjAda hinda phauja kI asthAI sarakAra ke nau vibhAgoM meM nArI kalyANa bhI eka vibhAga rakhA gayA thaa| vaha vibhAga lephTineMTa karnala va rAnI jhA~sI rejImeMTa kI kamAMDeMTa lakSmI svAmInAthan (zrImatI lakSmI sahagala) ko diyA gayA thaa| tatkAlIna lokapriya aura prasiddha cikitsaka DaoN. prANajIvana mehatA kI putrI ramA bahana aura putravadhu zrImatI lIlAvatI bahana AjAda hinda phauja kI 'rAnI jhA~sI rejImeMTa' meM sammilita ho gayI thiiN| 'jaina sandeza', rASTrIya aMka (23 janavarI, 1947) ne zrImatI lIlAvatI bahana aura ramA bahana kI kahAnI unhIM ke zabdoM meM prakAzita kI thI, jise hama yathAvat sAbhAra yahA~ de rahe haiM___ zrImatI lIlAvatI bahana-jaba briTizoM ne raMgUna chor3a diyA aura jApAniyoM ne raMgUna para adhikAra jamA liyA taba kucha samaya ke lie andhAdhundhI maca gayI thii| kaI mAsa taka bhAratIya striyA~ ghara se bAhara nahIM nikala sakI thiiN| hamane apane makAna para eka borDa lagA diyA thA jisa para likhA thA ki-"isa ghara meM mahAtmA gA~dhI, paM. javAhara lAla neharU tathA anya bhAratIya netA Akara utare the| isa ghara meM nezanalisTa bhAratIya rahate haiN|" ise par3hakara jApAnI soljara hameM kabhI kisI bhI taraha se hairAna nahIM karate the| zrI subhASa bAbU ne malAyA aura barmA meM 'AjAda hinda phauja' aura 'jhA~sI kI rAnI rejImeMTa' sthApita karane ke lie bhASaNa diye, taba hamArA sArA parivAra unake bhAratIya svAtantrya saMgha meM sammilita ho gyaa| 21 akTUbara, 1943 ko barmA aura malAyA meM 'jhA~sI kI rAnI rejImeMTa' sthApita karane kA kArya pUrA huaa| raMgUna meM 10 bAlakoM ko lekara mere hAtha se kaimpa kA udghATana huA thaa| jaba rAta-dina bama varSA hotI thI taba bhI AvazyakatA hone para hama khule maidAna meM hathiyAroM ke sAtha susajjita hokara khar3I rahatI thiiN| hama ghAyaloM kI sevA-suzruSA karane aura aspatAla le jAne kA kAma karatI thiiN| merA mukhya kAma sabere 11 baje se zAma 5 baje taka ghara-ghara jAkara striyoM, lar3akiyoM aura puruSoM ko AjAda hinda phauja meM sammilita hone ke lie samajhAnA thaa| ramA bahana-"hamArA kaimpa miliTrI kaimpa thaa| usameM hameM pratyeka prakAra kA zastrasaMcAlana aura anuzAsana-pAlana sikhAyA jAtA thaa| jhA~sI kI rAnI rejImeMTa meM do vibhAga the| eka yuddha vibhAga aura dUsarA narsiMga vibhaag| yuddha vibhAga meM hameM miliTrI Drila, rAyaphala ke prekTisa, pistaula calAnA, TomIgana calAnA tathA mazInagana calAnA sikhAyA jAtA thaa| morce para AkramaNa karanA aura AtmarakSA karanA bhI sikhAyA jAtA thaa| narsiMga vibhAga meM ukta zikSA prApta bAlakoM ko rakhA jAtA thaa| ___ hameM ghAyaloM kI davA-dArU aura sevA-suzruSA karanA sikhAyA jAtA thaa| hameM ghaMToM khar3e rahakara ghAyaloM kI sevA karanI hotI thii| prAyaH sabhI bahineM kaimpa meM rahakara kAma 130 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #139
karane kI apekSA yuddha kSetra meM jAkara lar3ane ko adhika Atura rahatI thiiN| ve saba prasanna thIM, isa AzA ko lekara ki unake dvArA bhArata svatantra hogaa|" AjAda hinda phauja ko apanI eka cAdara dene vAle kSu. gaNezaprasAda 'varNI' jaina jagata ke gA~dhI nAma se vikhyAta tathA aneka vidyAlayoM kI sthApanA karane vAle kSa. gaNezaprasAda 'varNI' ne apanI eka cAdara AjAda hinda phauja ko dAna de dI thii| AjAda hinda phauja ke jA~bAja sainikoM ko bandI banAyA jA cukA thaa| una para lAla kile meM rAjadroha kA mukadamA cala rahA thaa| deza bhara meM asAdhAraNa uttejanA, gusse aura joza kI eka lahara daur3a gayI thI, pariNAmasvarUpa aneka sthAnoM para vidroha hue| mukadame ke lie kAphI dhana kI AvazyakatA thI, ata: jagaha-jagaha dhana ekatrita karane ke lie sabhAeM ho rahI thiiN| madhya pradeza (tatkAlIna vindhya pradeza) kI saMskAradhAnI jabalapura meM prasiddha sAhityakAra evaM rAjanItijJa paM. dvArakA prasAda mizra kI adhyakSatA meM 'AjAda hinda phauja' kI sahAyatArtha eka sabhA kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| isI sabhA meM cAdaradhArI eka sAdhaka bhI baiThA thaa| sabhI apanA krama Ane para bolate jA rahe the aura kucha rAzi dete jA rahe the| anta meM isa sAdhaka kI bhI bArI aayii| mAtra do cAdara parigraha rakhane vAlA detA bhI to kyA? para deza kI AjAdI kI utkaTa lAlasA use lagI thI, sAdhaka ne apanA bhASaNa pUrNa kiyA aura kahA-mere pAsa dene ko kucha dravya to hai nahIM, kevala do cAdareM haiM, inameM se eka cAdara mukadame kI pairavI ke lie detA hU~ aura mana se paramAtmA kA smaraNa karate hue vizvAsa karatA hU~ ki sainika avazya hI kArAgAra se mukta hoNge| isa sandarbha meM jaina sandeza likhatA hai ki-ghaTanA navambara san 45 kI hai| kar3Ake kI ThaMDa par3a rahI thii| isa kar3I ThaMDa meM eka Ama jaina sabhA jabalapura nagara meM ho rahI thii| sabhApati the madhya prAntIya sarakAra ke gRhasadasya paM. dvArakAprasAda mishr| vizAla jana samUha upasthita thaa| isa sabhA meM kaI vidvAnoM ke bhASaNoM ke pazcAt eka prastAva AjAda hinda phaujiyoM kI rakSArtha aayaa| isa prastAva ko sunate hI, saMsAra se virAgI aura parigraha tyAgI varNI jI kA hRdaya dravIbhUta ho gyaa| unhoMne uThakara logoM se AjAda hinda phaujiyoM' kI rakSA ke lie sahAyatA dene kA anurodha karate hue kahA, "bhaIyA! mere pAsa sirpha do cAdara haiN| unameM se maiM eka cAdara detA huuN| yaha jitane meM bike so beca lo| maiM to una AjAda hinda phaujiyoM kI rakSA ke lie apanA hRdaya aura yaha cAdara, donoM arpaNa karatA huuN|" / varNI jI ke tyAga aura AjAda hinda phaujiyoM ke prati sahAnubhUti kI pratIka isa cAdara ne pratyeka vyakti ke Upara, jo usa sabhA meM upasthita thA, eka anokhA prabhAva svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 131 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #140
ddaalaa| usI prabhAva ne eka rAyabahAdura sA. kA hRdaya palaTa diyaa| una rAyabahAdura sA. ne vaha cAdara 3001 ru. meM lekara phira varNI jI ko pradAna kara dii| yaha asara varNI jI kI rASTrIyatA evaM zubha preraNA kA ujjvala pratIka hai jisane na kevala sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM kA balki sarakAra-parasta samajhe jAne vAle rAyabahAduroM taka kA hRdaya aise vyaktiyoM kI madada karane ko prerita kiyA jinhoMne isa briTiza hukUmata kA nAza karane kI kasama khAI thI; jinakA ekamAtra dhyeya thA-'AjAdI, amana, tarakkI' aura jo ki briTiza-phaujoM se hathiyAra lekara lar3e the| vAstava meM, yaha varNI jI hI jaise tyAgI vyakti kA prabhAva thA jisane unheM 'sarakAra ke duzmanoM' kI sahAyatA karane kI preraNA dii| yaha eka ghaTanA hai jo ki itihAsa ke pRSThoM meM svarNAkSaroM se likhI rahegI evaM batalAegI ki 'jainadharma rASTrIyatA sikhAtA hai aura jaina dharma rASTrIya dharma hai| yadi jaina dharma rASTrIya dharma na hotA to jaina-dharma kA mUla siddhAnta ahiMsA Aja rASTrIya-Andolana kA AdhAra na hotaa| yadi jaina dharma deza-sevA aura deza-sevakoM kI sevA karanA na sikhAtA to kyA jarUrata thI ki varNI jI sarIkhe pahu~ce hue tyAgI una vyaktiyoM kI sahAyatA karate jinhoMne hiMsA dvArA briTiza sarakAra kA vinAza karane kI ThAnI thI? nizcaya hI uparyukta ghaTanA kA upasthita janatA para bhI yaha prabhAva par3A aura sabane anubhava kiyA ki jainoM ke tyAgI bhI dhArmika dAyitva kI taraha apane rASTrIya dAyitva ke prati udAsIna nahIM haiN| unake 'satveSu maitrI' ke siddhAnta meM rASTrIya utthAna aura janakalyANa bhI garbhita hai| unameM samAja aura dharma ke hI nahIM, rASTra ke netA banane kI bhI kSamatA hai| yahI bAta paM. dvArakA prasAda jI mizra ne jo ki usa dina usa sabhA ke sabhApati the, apane bhASaNa meM kahI thI-'varNI jI ne Aja AjAda hinda phaujiyoM ke prati jo sahAnubhUti dikhAI hai, vaha kama se kama jabalapura nagara ke itihAsa meM abhUtapUrva hai| jabalapura meM kisI bhI tyAgI ne aisA apUrva tyAga aura rASTrIyatA dikhalAI ho, aisA maiM nahIM jaantaa| maiM to kevala itanA hI kaha sakatA hU~ ki varNI jI bhale hI Aja taka jaina samAja ke netA rahe hoM, lekina Aja ve sabake netA haiN|' isI avasara para rASTrIya-kavi narasiMha dAsa jI ne kahA thA-'Aja mujhe Ananda A rahA hai jaise ki maiM kAMgresa maMca se bola rahA huuN| maiM una varNI jI ko namana karatA hU~ ki jinhoMne apane tyAga-kArya se eka rAya bahAdura kA hRdaya badala diyaa|' ___varNI jI' kA janma 1874 I. meM haserA (vartamAna-lalitapura jilA) u.pra. meM eka vaiSNava parivAra meM huaa| ghara ke pAsa sthita jaina mandira ke cabUtare para par3hI jAne vAlI jaina rAmAyaNa (padmapurANa) ko sunakara ve vaiSNava se jaina bane aura gahana adhyayana kI lAlasA meM banArasa, jayapura, kalakattA, sAgara Adi dazAdhika sthAnoM para adhyayana kiyaa| 132 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #141
banArasa meM mAtra eka rupaye ke dAna se unhoMne 1905 meM syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kI sthApanA kI, jisake ve saMsthApaka aura prathama vidyArthI the| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki AjAda hinda phauja meM bhI jaina samAja ke logoM ne mahanIya yogadAna diyA thA, yahA~ taka ki mahilAe~ bhI agraNI rahI thiiN| kSu. gaNeza prasAda 'varNI' jaise santoM ne bhI isa kArya meM yogadAna diyA thaa| yaha atyanta gaurava kA viSaya hai| bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma meM jaina patrakAritA kA yogadAna Adhunika yuga meM patrakAritA kA viziSTa mahattva hai| patrakAritA ke tejI se hote vikAsa ke kAraNa Aja vizva eka parivAra sA lagatA hai| bhArata meM patrakAritA kI aupacArika zurUAta hue lagabhaga do zatAbdiyA~ ho gayI haiN| patrakAritA kI isa vikAsayAtrA meM dhArmika tathA sAmAjika patrakAritA kI vizeSa bhUmikA rahI hai| isa patrakAritA kA lakSya mukhya rUpa se apane dharma va darzana kA sArvajanika pracAra-prasAra karate hue sAMskRtika cetanA jAgRta karanA rahA hai| dhArmika, sAmAjika patrakAritA ne vyAvasAyika pratispardhA se dUra rahate hue sadA sAmAjika, rAjanaitika, dhArmika, sAhityika tathA sAMskRtika cetanA ke vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha jana-kalyANa aura vizva-bandhutva kI bhAvanA kA pracAraprasAra kiyA hai| isa kSetra meM jaina patrakAritA kI apanI viziSTa pahacAna aura bhUmikA hai| koI bhI saMskRti/dharma/darzana rAjanaitika parAdhInatA kI avasthA meM phala-phUla nahIM sakatA, isIlie jaina samAja ne kandhe se kandhA milAkara svatantratA Andolana meM bhAga liyA aura deza kI AjAdI kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| jaina patra-patrikAe~ bhI isa dizA meM pIche nahIM rhiiN| paratantratA ke jamAne meM bhI jaina patra-patrikAe~ nirbhaya hokara svatantratA kA samarthana karatI rhiiN| vizvazAnti, svatantratA aura rASTrIya bhAvanA ke jAgaraNa meM jaina patrikAe~ sadaiva apanA dAyitva nibhAtI rhiiN| svadezI kI bhAvanA ko pracArita karane ke lie to usane vijJApana taka prakAzita kiye| - jaina patra-patrikAe~ pUrva se pazcima aura uttara se dakSiNa, sarvatra prakAzita hotI rahIM aura lagabhaga 8-10 bhASAoM meM inakA prakAzana hotA A rahA hai| maNipura meM hindI patrakAritA kA zrIgaNeza dvitIya vizva yuddha ke daurAna yuddha kI khabaroM ke lie eka jaina pujArI ne kiyA thaa| hindI ke prathama vaiyAkaraNa aura jIvaTa patrakAra AcArya kizorI dAsa vAjapeyI kA svAtantrya samara meM bhAga lene ke kAraNa jo gopanIya sammAna huA thA vaha eka jaina, zrI ugrasena jaina ke ghara para huA thaa| svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 133 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #142
1900 I. se anavarata prakAzita hone vAlA 'jaina mitra' yadyapi dhArmika patra hai, kintu usameM rASTrIya mahattva ke samAcAra na sirpha surkhiyoM meM prakAzita hue haiM, apitu una para nirbhIka TippaNiyA~ bhI likhI gayI haiN| isake sampAdaka rahe paM. parameSThIdAsa rASTrIya Andolana meM aneka bAra jela yAtrA kara cuke the| patra ke 10 janavarI, 1927 ke aMka meM prakAzita rASTrIya bhAvanA se ota-prota paMktiyA~ draSTavya haiM 'merI jAna rahe sara na rahe, sAmAna rahe yA sAja rhe| phakata hinda merA AjAda rahe, mAtA ke sara para tAja rhe|| ye kisAna mere khuzahAla raheM, pUrI hobe phasala sukha kAja rhe| mere bhAI vatana pe nisAra rahe, merI mA~ bahanoM kI lAja rhe|| merI gAya rahe mere baila raheM, ghara-ghara meM bharA saba nAja rhe| gAre (khaddara) kA kaphana ho mujhape par3A, vande mAtaram AbAda rhe||' isI patra ke 6 janavarI, 1907 ke aMka meM vividha samAcAra ke antargata sUrata meM kAMgresa ke adhivezana kA varNana vistAra se chapA thaa| svadezI kI bhAvanA ke pracAra meM to patra ne apanI viziSTa bhUmikA nibhAI thii| adhikAMza aMkoM meM etadviSayaka sAmagrI prakAzita hotI thii| 15 navambara, 1923 ke aMka meM prakAzita svadezI kA vijJApana draSTavya hai 'agara Apa sacce ahiMsA vrata ke pAlaka haiM agara Apa sacce svadeza bhakta haiM to vinoda milsa ujjaina kA zuddha-jisameM jAnavaroM kI carabI nahIM lagAI jAtI svadezI-jo dezI kArIgara, ruI va deza ke dhana se banA hai, kapar3A pahaniye aura dhana va dharma bcaaiiye| patA-vinoda milsa, ujjain|' eka anya vijJApana bhI dekheM 'bhAratIya kArIgarI kI madada karojahA~ meM gara vatana kI lAja rakhanI ho to lAjima hai| svadezI vastra para hara eka bazara saujAM se zaidA ho||" 'jaina mitra' ke niyamita prakAzana ke sandarbha meM tIrthaMkara (agasta-sitambara, 1977, 134 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #143
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pRSTha - 160) likhatA hai - 'lar3AI ke jamAne meM aneka patroM ne presa kI avyavasthA se apanA prakAzana banda kiyA, kitanoM hI ne kAgaja ke abhAva meM gaharI nIMda le lI, para 'mitra' barAbara prakaTa hotA rahA / kApar3iyA jI sUryodaya kI taraha niyamita patrakAritA meM vizvAsa rakhate haiM / ' bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina mahAsabhA kA mukha patra 'jaina gajaTa' 1895 meM prArambha huA thA, patra ne apane sampAdakIyoM meM svadezI kA khUba pracAra kiyA / 16 mArca, 1905 ke aMka meM likhA gayA hai ki- 'hameM apane deza meM itane kArakhAne lagAnA cAhie jisase videzoM se mAla ma~gAne kI AvazyakatA hI na pdd'e|' isa patra ne 1947 ke vividha aMkoM meM pAkistAna ke jaina mandiroM ke vinAza kI jAnakArI pAThakoM kI dI thii| devabanda (u.pra.) se prakAzita hone vAle 'jaina pradIpa' (urdU) kA udaya to mAnoM videzI zAsana se mukti dilAne ke lie hI huA thaa| isake sampAdaka zrI jyoti prasAda jaina rASTrIya bhAvanAoM se ota-prota the, unhoMne patra ke apraila, 1930 tathA maI-jUna, 1930 ke aMkoM meM 'bhagavAna mahAvIra aura mahAtmA gA~dhI' zIrSaka lekha urdU meM likhA / lekha kA sArAMza thA ki - " jaise mahAvIra ne yajJoM se mukti dilAI vaise hI gA~dhI jI videzI zAsakoM se mukti dilaayeN|" isa para patra kI jamAnata jabta hone kI naubata aayii| kalakTara ne bahuterA samajhAyA ki - ' Apa mere pitA ke mitra haiM, Apa itanA likhakara de do ki mere likhane kA bhAva vaha nahIM jo sarakAra ne samajhA hai, bAkI maiM dekha lU~gA / ' para jyotiprasAda jI ne kahA- maiM jhUTha kaise likha dU~, merA bhAva vahI hai jo sarakAra ne samajhA hai|' anta meM lekha aura jamAnata jabta ho gayI aura patra kA prakAzana bhI banda ho gayA / kucha jaina patroM ne to aMka hI nahIM apane vizeSAMka bhI svAdhInatA para nikAle, inameM 'jaina prakAza' kA nAma agragaNya hai| patra ne 25 navambara, 1930 ko apanA 'rASTrIya aMka' nikaalaa| bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma kA vaha saMgharSa kAla thA / mahAtmA gA~dhI ke netRtva meM usa samaya asahayoga Andolana cala rahA thA, aise meM rASTrIya aMka nikAlanA kitane sAhasa kA kAma thaa| isake sau pRSThoM kI sAmagrI meM gujarAtI aura hindI meM svatantratA para hI pUre lekha / kavitAe~ likhI gayI haiM / isI taraha bhA. di. jaina saMgha, mathurA, (u.pra.) ke mukha patra 'jaina sandeza' ne bhI 23 janavarI, 1947 ko apanA rASTrIya aMka nikAlA | aneka mahattvapUrNa lekhoM ke sAtha hI aneka jaina zahIdoM / jela yAtriyoM kA paricaya isameM haiM, kavitAe~ nava-jAgRti lAne vAlI haiN| prathama pRSTha para 'svAdhInatA kI pratijJA' nAma se svatantratA ke janmasiddha adhikAra kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| rASTragIta kI tarja para eka sundara gIta bhI isameM diyA gayA hai / patra ne apane 16 maI, 1946 ke aMka meM rASTrIyatA ke viSaya meM likhA thA - ' 'jaina svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 135 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #144
samAja ne dUsare samAjoM kI taraha alaga-alaga apane rAjanItika dAve nahIM rakhe, vizeSAdhikAra mA~gakara kabhI deza kI pragati meM bAdhA nahIM pahu~cAI aura dharma-saMskRti Adi kI svatantratA hote hue bhI kabhI apane lie kisI sthAna yA svatantra rASTra kI kalpanA nahIM kii|' jodhapura se prakAzita hone vAle 'osavAla' ke aMka meM prakAzita rASTrIya gaurava se yukta eka padya draSTavya hai 'bar3ho-bar3ho pIche mata haTanA, bhArata kA kalyANa kro| jananI janma bhUmi caraNoM meM, jIvana kA balidAna kro||' isI taraha 'taruNa osavAla' meM prakAzita nimna paMktiyA~ bhI kitanI utpreraka haiM 'taruNa nIMda ko chor3a pahana lo, satyAgraha kA sainika vess| mohapAza ko tor3a deza-hita, saha lo saba saMkaTa aru klesh|| subhASa javAhara sama bhArata ke, yuvaka vIra banate jaao| yoddhA hama svatantratA ke, dhyeya mantra japate jaao||' 'anekAnta' (samprati, dillI se prakAzita) ne apane aneka aMkoM meM rASTrIyatA kA samarthana kiyA thaa| gA~dhI jI ke jela jAne para patra ke varSa 1, kiraNa 6-7 meM likhA gayA hai'mahAmanA niSpApa, rASTrahita jaga ke pyAre, hiMsA se atidUra, saumya bahupUjya hmaare| gA~dhI se nararatna jela meM Thela die haiM, kyA AzA ve dhare nahIM jo jela gaye haiN||' 'vIra' (samprati, naI dillI se prakAzita) jaina samAja meM sudhAravAdI patra ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| use jaina samAja ke rAjA rAmamohana rAya kahe jAne vAle bra. zItalaprasAda jI jaise samAja-sudhArakoM kA sahayoga milaa| kurItiyoM ke unmUlana meM patra apanI upamA Apa thaa| isake sAtha yaha rASTrIya akhabAra bhI thaa| DaoN. jayakumAra 'jalaja' ne ThIka hI likhA hai- 'vIra' pAThazAlAvAdI aura parIkSAphalachApU akhabAra nahIM thaa| vaha jaina hote hue bhI eka vyApaka aura udAra rASTrIya akhabAra thaa| usake sampAdaka khuda svatantratA Andolana meM sapatnIka jela jA cuke the| ve gA~dhIvAdI the|...unkaa patra unake rASTrIya vicAroM kA vAhaka bana gayA thaa| AjAdI, dezabhakti, gA~dhI, neharU, subhASa para tathA Dhillana, sahagala, zAhanavAja kI giraphtArI ke virodha jaise viSayoM para racanAe~ chapatI thiiN| rASTrIya samAcAroM, nirNayoM aura ghaTanAoM ko pramukhatA se prakAzita kiyA jAtA thaa|" 136 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #145
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ___ 'digambara jaina' (mAsika) bhI rASTrIya samAcAroM ko vistAra se chApatA thaa| aneka bAra isa patra ne svAdhInatA se sambandhita vijJApana taka chApe the| patra ke zrAvaNa, vi.saM. 1978 (1921 I.) meM samAcAra chapA ki piThoriyA (sAgara) meM harizcandra jaina ko svarAjya kArya meM yoga dene ke lie chaha mAha kI sajA huI hai| isI taraha pauSa, vi. saM. 1988 (1931 I.) ke aMka meM 'jela jA cuke haiM' zIrSaka se samAcAra chapA hai ki-'sarakArI vartamAna ArDInaMsa ke kAraNa aneka jaina bhAI bhI jela jA cuke haiM, usameM se kucha nAma yaha haiM-choTAlAla ghelA bhAI gA~dhI, aMkalezvara, zAntilAla harajIvanadAsa solIsiTara aamod...|' patra ke vIra saM. 2444 (1917 I.) ke aMka 1-2,6,8-9 tathA 2445 (1918 I.) aMka 1, 3, 13 tathA 2446 (1919 I.) aMka 1 meM arjuna lAla seThI kI niraparAdha giraphtArI aura unheM chor3e jAne kI mA~ga ke samAcAra vistAra se chape haiN| 1918 I0 ke aMka 1 meM mahAtmA bhagavAnadIna kI giraphtArI kA samAcAra chapA hai| vIra saM. 2450 (1923 I.) ke aMka 1-2 meM zrI hajArI lAla jaina, sAgara kI prathama pRSTha para prakAzita lambI kavitA kA antima chanda paThanIya hai| 'tyAgo svadeza sukha hetu sabhI videshii| dhAro nijAtma bala hetu abhI svdeshii|| degI svarAjya hamako niyamena khaadii| sampUrNa mAtra jaga ke...aadii||7||' ___ isI aMka ke pRSTha 56 para prakAzita chaikoDI lAla jaina, goTIToriyA kI 'videzI vastroM kI vidA' kavitA bhI dezaprema se ota-prota hai| kavitA kI prathama do paMktiyA~ haiM 'Talo yahA~ se videzI vastro, na aba tumhArI hai cAha hmko| tumhIM se bhArata huA hai gArata, kiyA hai tumane tabAha hmko||' jaina samAja kI viziSTa mahilA patrikA 'jaina mahilAdarza' (samprati, lakhanaU se prakAzita) 1924 se nirantara prakAzita hotI A rahI hai| agasta, 1946 ke aMka kA viSaya thA 'striyA~ rAjanaitika krAnti meM bhAga leM yA nahIM?' isa viSaya para aneka mahilAoM ke lekha isa patrikA meM chape the| aura bhI aneka aMkoM meM sAmagrI chApI gyii| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bhAratIya svatantratA saMgrAma ke sabhI AndolanoM, 1857 kA prathama svatantratA saMgrAma, 1930-32 kA savinaya avajJA Andolana, 1942 kA bhArata chor3o Andolana meM sabhI pradezoM ke jaina samAja ke logoM ne bhAga liyaa| apanI dharmaniSThA aura ImAnadArI se unhoMne apanA alaga hI sthAna banAyA hai| madhyabhArata ke mukhyamantrI svatantratA Andolana meM jainoM kA yogadAna :: 137 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #146
rahe zrI mizrIlAla gaMgavAla ne rAjakIya atithi ko apane pradeza meM mAMsAhAra karAne se manA kara diyA thA, unhoMne apanI vasIyata meM likhA thA-mere pAsa eka rupayA bhI beImAnI kA nahIM hai| Aja ke rAjanItijJoM ko unase preraNA lenA caahie| prastuta Alekha kA samApana hama bhAratIya saMvidhAna kI nimna paMktiyoM se karanA cAheMge bhArata kA saMvidhAna anuccheda 51-e bhAratIya nAgarikoM ke mUla kartavya (cha) prAkRtika paryAvaraNa kI, jisake antargata vana, jhIla, nadI aura vanya jIva haiM, rakSA kareM aura usakA saMvardhana kareM tathA prANI mAtra ke prati dayA bhAva rkheN| (jha) sArvajanika sampatti ko surakSita rakheM aura hiMsA se dUra rheN| 138 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #147
saMvidhAna para jaina dharmAvalambiyoM kA prabhAva DaoN. (zrImatI) prabhAkiraNa jaina 22 navambara, san 1949 dina maMgalavAra-saMvidhAna nirmAtrI sabhA ke sadasyoM meM se eka zrI ajita prasAda jaina ne sabhAdhyakSa DaoN. bhImarAva ambeDakara ko sambodhita karate hue kahA ki jIvana meM yaha kevala eka bAra hotA hai, jaba koI deza svayaM kA savidhAna banAtA hai| hama sabhI jinhoMne saMvidhAna kA prArUpa taiyAra karane meM hissA liyA hai, svayaM ko isa sarvAdhika aham kAraNa se gauravAnvita anubhava karate haiN| bhArata ke itihAsa meM mahAn sAmrAjyoM evaM mahAn samrAToM kA samaya bArambAra AyA, kintu janatA dvArA janatA ke lie saMvidhAna kabhI nahIM bnaa| zrI jaina kA yaha vaktavya saMvidhAna nirmANa meM lagabhaga tIna sau sadasyoM se nirmita saMvidhAna nirmAtrI sabhA kI aham- bhUmikA evaM sakriya-bhAgIdArI ko sunizcita karatA hai| ____ bhAratIyoM dvArA bhArata kA saMvidhAna banAye jAne kI mA~ga sarvaprathama rASTrapitA mahAtmA gA~dhI ne san 1922 meM kI thii| aneka parivartanoM evaM kozizoM ke pazcAt antataH 9 sitambara, san 1946 ko saMvidhAna-nirmAtrI-sabhA kI racanA huii| DaoN. rAjendra prasAda isake adhyakSa cune gae tathA DaoN. bhImarAva ambeDakara prArUpa-samiti ke adhyakSa cune ge| yaha sabhA 3 varSa taka kAryarata rhii| isake sadasyoM meM rAjanaitika daloM ke netA, udyogapati, zikSAvid, kAnUnavid, lekhaka, patrakAra evaM dezI rAjyoM tathA pradezoM ke pratinidhi zAmila the| jaina dharmAvalambI sadaiva se sammAnita padoM ko vividha sammAnita kSetroM meM suzobhita karate rahe haiM, isIlie yaha jJAta hone para ki saMvidhAna nirmANa meM bhI jaina-dharmAvalambiyoM ne nirmAtrI-sabhA ke sadasya rUpa meM bharapUra yogadAna diyA hai, kiMcit bhI Azcarya nahIM, hA~, eka kamI avazya khalatI rahI ki saMvidhAna nirmANa meM vAstava meM kitane jaina matAvalambI rahe, yaha saMkhyA sunizcita nahIM ho sakI; kyoMki apane nAma ke Age "jaina" likhanA zAyada sadaiva se paramparA meM nahIM rahA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki rAjanaitika, sAmAjika, Arthika evaM anya kSetroM meM kaba, kitane jaina matAvalambiyoM ne yogadAna diyA hai, isakA vAstavika Akalana kabhI nahIM ho sakA hai| lokasabhA kI vebasAiTa para saMvidhAna-nirmAtrI-sabhA ke sadasyoM meM jaina' zabda ke AdhAra para zrI ajita prasAda jaina evaM zrI kusumakAnta jaina kA saMvidhAna para jaina dharmAvalambiyoM kA prabhAva :: 139 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #148
nAma AtA hai, kintu prAcya zramaNa bhAratI (mujaphpharanagara u.pra.) se prakAzita pustaka bhArata saMvidhAna viSayaka jaina avadhAraNAe~ , lekhaka-zrI kapUracanda jaina ke adhyayana se tIna aura sadasyoM kA nAma prakAzita hote haiM, ve haiM zrI ratanalAla mAlavIya, zrI balavantasiMha mehatA evaM zrI bhavAnI arjuna khiimjii| ___ pA~ca jaina dharmAnuyAyI sabhAsadoM meM eka zrI ratanalAla mAlavIya, sAgara (ma. pra.) ke mUla nivAsI the| bhArata ke svatantratA saMgrAma meM unhoMne bar3ha-car3ha kara bhAga liyaa| deza kI bahu-AyAmI sevAoM meM nirantara lIna zrI mAlavIya chattIsagar3ha evaM varAra rAjya ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM saMvidhAna-sabhA meM sadasya banAye ge|loksbhaa vebasAiTa para saMvidhAna-nirmAtrIsabhA kI DiveTsa ke antargata vAlyUma gyAraha se ApakI bhAgIdArI kA sampUrNa lekhA-jokhA prApta hotA hai| inhoMne chattIsagar3ha pradeza ke anya rAjyoM ke sAtha 1947 meM bhArata meM vilaya hone kI carcA ke sAtha sabhAdhyakSa ke samakSa dhArA 371 kI purajora vakAlata kii| isa dhArA ke tahata pragati evaM vikAsa se pare pichar3e rAjyoM ko kendra sarakAra dvArA AgAmI dasa varSoM taka sahayoga evaM sambala diye jAne kA prAvadhAna thaa| isake atirikta unhoMne yaha bhI prastAva rakhA ki kendra sarakAra vilaya hue rAjyoM para nigarAnI avazya rkhe| yadi kisI kAraNavaza dhArA 371 kA pAlana nA kiyA jA sake, to rASTrapati svayaM bhArata meM vilIna hue rAjyoM ke kriyA-kalApoM para dRSTi rkhe| unhoMne chattIsagar3ha meM usa samaya kI janasaMkhyA ke pacAsa pratizata AdivAsiyoM ke bAre meM bhI jAnakArI dI evaM inake kalyANa hetu rASTrapati kI jimmedArI banatI hai, isa tathya ko prakAzita kiyaa| zrI mAlavIya ne pichar3e hue rAjyoM kI pragati ke lie kendrIya mantrimaNDala meM ina rAjyoM ke ucita pratinidhitva kI purajora vakAlata kI evaM chattIsagar3ha pradeza ke lie kendra meM eka mantrI avazya ho, yaha mA~ga utthaaii| tatkAlIna vindhya pradeza ke bAre meM unhoMne atyanta mahattvapUrNa pakSa prastuta kiyA ki kSetraphala evaM janasaMkhyA donoM kI dRSTi se vindhya pradeza itanA choTA hai ki akele rAjya ke rUpa meM pragati nahIM kara sakatA, ataH usakA vilaya honA Avazyaka hai| sAtha hI, unhoMne yaha bhI kahA ki vindhya pradeza kA vilaya do rAjyoM meM na karake evaM aise anya jitane choTechoTe rAjya haiM, una-saba kA vilaya uttara pradeza meM kiyA jAnA cAhie tathA anya rAjyoM ko chattIsagar3ha meM milA denA caahie| meraTha (u. pra.) meM janame tathA sahAranapura (u. pra.) meM vakAlata se jur3e rahe zrI ajita prasAda jaina ne saMvidhAna nirmANa meM mahatI bhUmikA nibhaayii| pratIta hotA hai ki unake samAna vividha viSayoM ko atyanta kuzalatA evaM bevAkI se zAyada hI kisI anya sadasya ne prakAzita kiyA hogaa| tatkAlIna yUnAiTeDa proviMsesa (United Provinces) vartamAna meM uttarapradeza evaM uttarAkhaNDa rAjya ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM san 1946 se apanI sakriya bhAgIdArI sunizcita kii| vAlyUma 1 se vAlyUma 11 (gyAraha) taka aneka muddoM para unakA 140 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #149
ullekha milatA hai| zaikSika saMsthAnoM, cikitsAlayoM evaM DispainsariyoM ko naitika, mAnasika evaM zArIrika vikAsa ke lie atyanta Avazyaka mAnate hue unhoMne sujhAva diyA ki isa prakAra kA koI bhI saMsthAna, jise sarakArI sahAyatA milatI ho athavA sarakAra dvArA nirmita hoM, ve dharma, jAti, sampradAya evaM liMga se pare pratyeka ke lie samAna rUpa se upalabdha hone caahie| deza meM ApAtakAla kI ghoSaNA ke sambandha meM apane vicAra rakhate hue unhoMne ApAtakAla kI ghoSaNA kA adhikAra nyAyapAlikA ko dene kA sujhAva diyA; kyoMki unakA vicAra thA, avasara par3ane para kAryapAlikA kaThoratA se peza A sakatI hai| sAmAnya carcA ke daurAna maI, 1947 ko unhoMne san 1937 meM bane bhArata sarakAra ke usa niyama kA ullekha kiyA, jisake tahata koI bhI cala yA acala sampatti jana-hita meM sarakAra dvArA taba taka adhigRhIta nahIM kI jA sakatI, jaba taka kAnUna dvArA usakA muAvajA na diyA jaae| zrI jaina ne kahA ki deza meM jamIMdArI-prathA kA unmUlana karane hetu satat prayAsa kie jA rahe haiN| muAvajA kitanA ho- yaha eka ahama-savAla hai tathA yaha bhI jarUrI nahIM ki rAjya sarakAra Arthika rUpa se muAvajA dene meM sakSama ho, aise meM jamIMdArI-prathA ke unmUlana hetu vartamAna niyama meM badalAva kI AvazyakatA hai| unhoMne kahA ki saMvidhAna meM mulAdhikAroM kA prAvadhAna kamajora evaM asahAya varga ke saMrakSaNa hetu rakhA gayA hai, vartamAna bhUmi adhigrahaNa sambandhI kAnUna isake ThIka viparIta eka saMbhrAnta varga ko saMrakSaNa detA hai tathA eka vizAla varga ke sAmAjika nyAya ke adhikAra ko chInatA hai| unhoMne mata sthAnAntaraNa (Transfer of Vote) kA virodha kiyA tathA isa praNAlI ko vibhAjana kI mAnasikatA kA paripoSaka evaM dharma-jAti ke AdhAra para dUSita vAtAvaraNa kA janaka batAte hue isake pakSa meM prastuta saMzodhana kA virodha kiyaa| 15 navambara, 1949 ko unhoMne saMsada dvArA aisA kAnUna banAye jAne ke sandarbha meM carcA kI, jisake dvArA kisI vyakti ko tIna mAha se adhika kaida meM rakhe jAne kA nirNaya liyA jAnA nizcita ho ske| rAjasthAna pradeza ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM zrI balavanta siMha mehatA ne 23 navambara, 1949 ko sabhI meM apanA prathama vaktavya dete hue kahA ki satyarUpa meM hamAre dvArA banAyA gayA saMvaidhAnika prArUpa atyadhika vizAla hai| yaha eka lokatantrAtmaka saMvidhAna hai| x x saMvidhAna satata pravAhazIla hai evaM samayAnusAra saMzodhanoM ke lie pravRta hai x x hamAre rASTrapitA ne hameM rAjanaitika svatantratA dilAyI hai x x kintu Arthika svatantratA hameM abhI prApta karanI hai|x x x hamAre saMvidhAna dvArA chuAchUta (untouchability) ke kalaMka ko samApta kiyA gayA hai| isI sandarbha ko Age bar3hAte hue unhoMne rAjasthAna meM harijana evaM pichar3e hue tabake ke logoM kI bahusaMkhyA se sabhA ko avagata karAte hue rAjasthAna ke lie eka jana-kalyANa-mantrI kI mA~ga kii| zrI mehatA ne rAjasthAnI bhASA ko saMvaidhAnika sammAna na diye jAne para roSa vyakta kiyA saMvidhAna para jaina dharmAvalambiyoM kA prabhAva :: 141 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #150
evaM bhaviSya meM rAjasthAnI ko saMvidhAna meM kSetrIya bhASA ke rUpa meM sthAna diye jAne para bala diyaa| rAjasthAna ke atyanta mahattvapUrNa evaM priya kSetra sirohI' ke vibhAjana para unhoMne kheda jatAyA evaM bambaI meM usako vilIna karane ko bhArI bhUla karAra dete hue sirohI ko vApasa rAjasthAna meM milAne kI mA~ga rkhii| unhoMne yaha bhI kahA ki hamane eka behatara evaM acchA saMvidhAna banAne kA sampUrNa prayAsa kiyA hai aura aba hamArA yaha kartavya hai ki apane kSetroM evaM AMcalika tathA grAmINa hissoM meM jAkara jana-sAdhAraNa ko saMvidhAna kI upayogitA evaM kSamatA se paricita krvaaeN| 9 agasta, 1997 ko svatantratA kI svarNa jayantI para saMvidhAna-nirmAtrI-sabhA ke anya sadasyoM ke sAtha sammAnita hone vAle zrI kusumakAnta jaina jhAbuA evaM ratalAma Adi riyAsatoM ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM sabhA ke sadasya rhe| kaccha prAnta kI ora se zrI bhavAnI yA bhavana jI arjuna khImajI vyApArI varga ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM sabhA ke sadasya rahe the| saMvidhAna nirmAtrI-sabhA ke sadasya rUpa meM jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM ne janapratinidhi hokara apanI amUlya chApa chor3I hai| kAlAntara meM saMvidhAna sabhA ke antima dina 24 janavarI, 1950 ko sabhI sadasyoM ne prArUpa para hastAkSara kie| saMvidhAna kI tIna pratiyA~ 2 aMgrejI tathA eka hindI meM banAyI gaI thiiN| saMvidhAna ke prathama pRSTha para mohanajodar3o meM prApta usa sIla ko darzAyA gayA hai, jisa para baila aMkita hai| pRSTha 63 para bhagavAna mahAvIra kA citra aMkita hai aura usake nIce sammAnapUrvaka likhA hai-"bhArata ko ahiMsA paramodharmaH' kI saMskRti pradAna karane vAlA jainadharma deza meM AdhyAtmika jAgaraNa kA eka aura pravAha hai, jisane jIvana meM AcAra ko sarvAdhika mahattva diyaa| mahAvIra kI ahiMsA ke amogha astra ko mahAtmA gA~dhI ne apanAyA aura zaktizAlI briTiza sAmrAjya kI dAsatA se mukta kraayaa|" uparokta prazasti isa tathya ko prakAzita karatI hai ki jainadharma ke siddhAntoM kA bhArata kI svatantratA se lekara saMvidhAna nirmANa taka amUlya yogadAna rahA hai| jaina pratinidhiyoM ne kahIM bhI jana-hita, deza-hita evaM rASTra-hita se pare apanA koI vaktavya, sujhAva yA sandeza-nirmAtrI-sabhA ke sadasya ke rUpa meM nahIM diyaa| yahI kAraNa rahA ki unake dvArA diye gae sujhAvoM ko saMvidhAna sabhA meM svIkArA gayA evaM una para amala bhI kiyA gyaa| achUtoddhAra, zaikSika evaM cikitsA sambandhI suvidhAoM kI sabake lie samAna rUpa se upalabdhi, rAjyoM ke vilaya sambandhI muddoM para sahamati ityAdi kitanI hI saMvaidhAnika upalabdhiyA~ inhIM pratinidhiyoM kI dena rahI haiN| saMvidhAna- nirmANa meM jainadharmAnuyAyiyoM kA honA evaM unakI sakriya bhUmikA sadaiva prakAzita rahegI, isameM do rAya nhiiN| 142 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #151
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir Vardhamana Mahavir, the 24th Tirthankara in a meditative posture, another illustration from the Calligraphed edition of the Constitution of India. Jainism is another stream of spiritual renaissance which seeks to refine and sublimate man's conduct and emphasises Ahinsa, non-violence, as the means to achieve it. This became a potent weapon in the hands of Mahatma Gandhi in his political struggle against the British Empire. bhArata ko 'ahiMsA paramodharmaH ' kI saMskRti pradAna karane vAlA jainadharma deza meM AdhyAtmika jAgaraNa kA eka aura pravAha hai jisane jIvana meM AcAra ko sarvAdhika mahattva diyA / mahAvIra kI ahiMsA ke amogha astra ko mahAtmA gA~dhI ne apanAyA aura bhArata ko zaktizAlI briTiza sAmrAjya kI dAsatA se mukta kraayaa| bhAratIya saMvidhAna kI sulikhita prati meM aMkita 24veM tIrthaMkara varddhamAna mahAvIra kI tapa meM lIna mudrA kA eka citra For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #152
kAnUna zrI anUpacandra jaina kAnUna apane-Apa meM eka mahattvapUrNa zabda hai| jaba saMsAra meM kevala eka hI vyakti ho, to usake lie kisI kAnUna kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, lekina jaba eka se adhika vyakti hoM, taba una-saba ke bIca rahane, khAne pIne, vyavahAra karane ke lie kucha niyama Avazyaka ho jAte haiN| jaise-jaise samAja Age bar3hatA hai aura manuSyoM kA tathA anya jIvoM kA samAveza hotA jAtA hai, taba kucha kAnUnoM kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai| kisI rAjya ke lie kAnUna-vyavasthA eka mahattvapUrNa prazna hotA hai| uccatama nyAyAlaya ke nyAyamUrti bI. Ara. kRSNa ayyara ne 1980 meM die gaye eka nirNaya meM kahA thA ki kAnUna zabda kA artha aise siddhAnta aura kamANDa sthApita karanA hai, jisase samAja ke andara kyA karanA cAhie aura kyA nahIM karanA cAhie- ko spaSTa rUpa se nirdezita kiyA jAtA hai, aura unakA kriyAnvayana karane ke lie bhI eka paddhati honI caahie| isalie vizva ke dezoM meM lagabhaga 200 varSa pUrva kAnUnoM kA nirmANa kiyA gayA, jo koDIphikezana ke rUpa meM sAmane aayaa| jahA~ taka jaina kAnUna kA prazna hai, yaha hamAre zAstroM meM varNita nIti-gata granthoM meM upalabdha hai| jaina kAnUna ko likhita rUpa meM kisI pustikA kA svarUpa nahIM diyA jA skaa| vaise to kAnUnoM ko prAcIna-zAstra-smaraNa aura saMsmaraNa, nItigata vyavahAra paramparAe~, rItirivAja saba milakara prabhAvita karate haiM, kintu vibhinna kAnUnoM meM kamoveza unheM samAhita karate hue vibhinna dhArAoM, niyamoM, upa-niyamoM meM banAyA jAtA hai| cU~ki jaina kAnUna nAma se koI pustaka prabhAvI rUpa se bana hI nahIM pAyI, isalie aneka avasaroM para prIvI kauMsila jaise sarvocca nyAyika adAlatoM meM unheM kahanA par3A ki jainadharma ke bAre meM yadi koI likhita kAnUna hotA, to bahuta acchA hotaa| jaba san 1921 meM DaoN. gaur3a kA hindU koDa prakAzita huA aura unhoMne usameM jainiyoM ko dharma-vimukha-hindU jaise zabdoM se sambodhita kiyaa| taba jaina samAja ne usakA virodha kiyA aura jaina laoN kameTI ke nAma se aMgrejI bhASAvid vakIloM,zAstrajJa paMDitoM aura anubhavI vidvAnoM kI eka samiti sthApita huI, jisane prArambha meM bahuta acchA kAma kAnUna :: 143 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #153
kiyA, parantu antataH aneka kAraNa, jaise- sudUra dezoM kI yAtrA ke kAraNa isa kameTI kA sapanA pUrA nahIM ho skaa| kucha aisI sthitiyA~ banI thIM, jinake kAraNa jainiyoM ko vivaza honA par3A thA ki ve apane kAnUna ke bAre meM soceN| jinameM 1867 meM kalakattA hAI korTa ne jaina logoM para hindU laoN isaliye lAgU kara diyA kyoMki jainoM kA koI alaga kAnUna hI nahIM hai| jaina kAnUna ke sambandha meM preraka evaM sarAhanIya kArya sva. bairisTara campatarAya jI ne Aja se lagabhaga 90 varSa pUrva prArambha kiyA aura landana meM unhoMne varSa 1925 meM 'jaina kAnUna' nAmaka pustaka taiyAra kI tathA usakI bhUmikA 26.6.1926 ko aMgrejI meM likhI gyii| isa prakAra jaina laoN kI AdhArabhUta isa samaya kevala nimnalikhita pustakeM haiM 1. bhadrabAhu saMhitA-jo zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI zrutakevalI ke samaya kA (jinheM lagabhaga 2300 varSa hue) na hokara bahuta kAla-pazcAt kA saMgraha kiyA huA grantha jAna par3atA hai, jisa para bhI yaha kaI zatAbdiyoM purAnA hai| isakI racanA aura prakAza sambhavataH vikrama saMvat 1657-1665 athavA 1601-1609 I. ke antara meM honA pratIta hotA hai| yaha pustaka upAsakAdhyayana ke Upara nirbhara kI gayI hai| isake racayitA kA nAma vidita nahIM hai| ___2. arhannIti- yaha zvetAmbarIya grantha hai, isake sampAdaka kA nAma aura samaya isameM nahIM diyA gayA hai, kintu yaha kucha adhika-kAlIna jJAta nahIM hotA hai| parantu isake antima zloka meM sampAdaka ne svayaM yaha mAnA hai ki jaisA sunA hai, vaisA lipibaddha kiyaa| 3. vardhamAna-nIti-isakA sampAdana zrI amitagati AcArya ne lagabhaga saMvat 1068 vi. yA 1011 I. meM kiyA hai| ye rAjA bhoja ke samaya meM hue the| isake aura bhadrabAhu saMhitA ke kucha zloka sarvathA eka hI haiN| jaise 30-34 jo bhadrabAhu saMhitA meM kra. saMkhyA 55-56 para ullikhita haiN| ___ isase vidita hotA hai ki donoM pustakoM ke racane meM kisI prAcIna grantha kI sahAyatA lI gaI hai| isase isa bAta kA bhI patA calatA hai ki bhadrabAhu-saMhitA yadyapi vaha lagabhaga 325 varSa kI likhI hai, to bhI vaha eka adhika prAcIna grantha ke AdhAra para likhI gayI hai, jo sambhavataH IsvI san ke kaI zatAbdi pUrva ke samrATa candragupta maurya ke guru svAmI bhadrabAhu ke samaya meM likhI gayI hogI, jaisA isake nAma se vidita hotA hai, kyoMki itane bar3e grantha meM varddhamAna nIti jaise choTI-sI pustaka kI pratilipi kiyA jAnA samucita pratIta nahIM hotA hai| 4. indranandI-jina-saMhitA- isake racayitA vasanandi indranandi svAmI haiN| yaha pustaka bhI upAsakAdhyayana aMga para nirbhara hai| vidita rahe ki upAsakAdhyayana aMga kA lopa ho gayA hai aura aba kevala isake kucha upAMga avazeSa haiN| 5. trivarNAcAra- saMvat 1667 vi. ke mutAbika 1611 I. kI banI huI pustaka hai| 144 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #154
isake racayitA bhaTTAraka somasena svAmI hai, jo mUlasaMgha kI zAkhA puSkara gaccha ke paTTAdhIza the| inakA ThIka sthAna vidita nahIM hai| 6. zrI AdipurANa- yaha grantha bhagavatjinasenAcAryakRta hai, jo IsvI san kI navIM zatAbdI meM hue haiM, vartamAna kAla meM itane granthoM kA patA calA hai, jinameM nIti kA mukhyataH varNana hai| parantu inameM se kisI meM bhI sampUrNa kAnUna kA varNana nahIM milatA hai, to bhI yadi jo-kucha aMga upAsakAdhyayana kA lopa hone se baca rahA hai, vaha saba kAnUna kI kucha AvazyakIya bAtoM ke lie yatheSTa ho sakatA hai| cAhe usakA bhAva samajhane meM prathama kucha kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA pdd'e| jaba aMgreja Aye, to jainiyoM ne apane zAstroM ko chipAyA va sarakArI nyAyAlayoM meM peza karane kA virodha kiyaa| eka sImA taka unakA yaha kRtya ucita thA, kyoMki nyAyAlayoM meM kisI dharma ke bhI zAstroM kA koI mukhya sammAna nahIM hotaa| kabhI-kabhI nyAyAdhIza aura anya karmacArI prAyaH zAstroM ke pRSThoM ke palaTane meM mu~ha kA thUka lagAte haiM, jisase pratyeka dhArmika ke hRdaya ko duHkha hotA hai; parantu isa duHkha kA upAya yaha nahIM hai ki zAstra peza na kiye jAveM; kyoMki pratyeka kArya samaya ke parivartanoM kA vicAra karate hue arthAt jaina siddhAnta kI bhASA meM dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se honA caahie| jaina kAnUna ke antargata bairisTara zrI campatarAya jI ne varSa 1925 meM mukhyataH nimnalikhita viSayoM ko zAmila kiyA thA : 1. dattaka vidhi aura putra vibhAga 2. vivAha 3. sampatti 4. uttarAdhikAra 5. strI-dhana 6. bharaNa-poSaNa 7. saMrakSaNa 8. rivAja pramukhatayAH jaina logoM meM yaha vizeSa-viSaya haiM jina para prAcIna zAstroM meM nItigata ullekha milate haiN| yahA~ yaha prazna uTha sakatA hai ki jainoM ko apane lie pRthak se kAnUna kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? taba eka hI udAharaNa se isa bAta ko spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai ki svatantratA se pUrva kI nyAyika vyavasthA meM aneka aise lekha milate haiM, jahA~ briTiza nyAyAdhIzoM ne jainoM ke kisI kAnUna ke na hone kA ullekha kiyA hai aura yaha kahA hai ki jainoM ke lie kAnUna alaga se honA caahie| isakA mahattva isa bAta se bhI lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki hindU laoN meM mahilA kA sthAna putra ke adhIna mAnA gayA hai arthAt pitA kI kAnUna :: 145 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #155
mRtyu ke bAda usakI sampatti putroM ko prApta hotI hai, kintu jaina kAnUna ke antargata putra ko mA~ ke adhIna mAnA gayA hai tathA mA~ ke adhikAra pahale mAne gaye haiN| isakA pariNAma yaha hai ki yadi sampatti mA~ ko prApta hotI hai, to putra usake sAtha durvyavahAra nahIM kara sakeMge aura mA~ ko putra ke Upara besahArA rahakara nahIM jInA pdd'egaa| aise aneka prasaMga haiM, jo jaina kAnUna ke antargata samAviSTa hote haiM / uparyukta likhe hue viSayoM meM aba hama eka-eka kI carcA karate haiM __ 1. dattaka evaM putra vibhAga- jaina kAnUna meM kevala do prakAra ke putra hI mAne gaye haiM jisameM putra use mAnA gayA, jo apanI vivAhitA strI se paidA huA ho| dattaka use mAnA gayA, jise dattaka vidhi ke anusAra prApta kiyA gayA ho| yadi apanA putra jIvita na ho, to puruSa apane nimitta goda le sakatA hai aura yadi apanA putra durAcaraNa ke kAraNa nikAlakara usase putratva kA riztA samApta kara diyA ho, to bhI goda liyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra yadi pati kI mRtyu ho gayI ho, to vidhavA strI bhI goda le sakatI hai| jaina kAnUna meM prathama putra ko goda nahIM denA cAhie? aise ullekha milate haiN| goda lene kI vidhi meM kahA gayA hai ki prAta:kAla dattaka lene vAlA pitA mandira meM jAkara bhagavAna kI pUjA kare tathA parivArIjana evaM samAja ke logoM ko ekatrita kara unake samakSa putra janma kA utsava manAye aura rivAja ke anusAra putra ko mAtA-pitA goda lene vAle agara strI-puruSa donoM haiM, to unakI goda meM bacce ko deM aura usake uparAnta Atithya Adi kI vyavasthA kI jAve, taba goda sampanna mAnI jAtI hai| dattaka lene kA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki dattaka putra bhI apanI patnI se paidA putra ke samakakSa hI mAnA jAtA hai aura use bhI vahI adhikAra prApta hote haiM, jo eka putra ko prApta hote haiN| pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda pagar3I bA~dhane kA uttaradAyitva putra ko prApta hotA hai, cAhe vaha dattaka putra hI kyoM na ho| 2. vivAha- jaina kAnUna ke antargata aisI kanyA se vivAha karanA cAhie, jo vara ke gotra kI na ho, parantu usakI jAti kI ho, Arogya, vidyAvatI, zIlavatI aura uttama guNoM se sampanna ho, rUpavatI ho| vara se DIla-Daula meM nyUna ho, parantu yaha Avazyaka niyama nahIM hai| buA kI lar3akI, mAmA kI lar3akI aura sAlI ke sAtha vivAha karane kA doSa nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kintu mausI kI lar3akI, sAsu kI bahina, guru kI putrI se vivAha karanA anucita mAnA gayA hai| yadi vivAha ke pUrva kanyA kA svargavAsa ho jAye, to kharcA kATakara vaha-saba vApisa kara denA cAhie, jo usake mAtA-pitA se prApta huA thaa| vivAha ko brAhma-vivAha, daiva-vivAha, ArSa-vivAha, prAjJApatya-vivAha, -ye cAra dharmavivAha kahalAte haiM aura Asura, gAndharva, rAkSasa aura paizAca vivAha Adi cAra adharmavivAha kahalAte haiN| buddhimAna vara ko apane ghara para bulAkara bahumUlya AbhUSaNoM Adi sahita kanyA denA brAhma-vivAha hai| zrI jinendra bhagavAn kI pUjA karane vAle sahadharmI pratiSThAcArya ko pUjA 146 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #156
kI samApti para pUjA karAne vAlA apanI kanyA de de, to vaha daiva vivAha hai| yahI donoM uttama prakAra ke vivAha mAne gaye haiM, kyoMki inameM vara se zAdI ke badale meM kucha liyA nahIM jaataa| kanyA ke vastra yA koI aisI hI mAmUlI dAmoM kI vastu vara se lekara dharmAnukUla vivAha kara denA ArSa vivAha hai| vivAha kI vidhi meM saptapadI kA bhI ullekha gayA hai| vivAha sampanna hone ke uparAnta tIrtha-kSetra kI yAtrA karane kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ye sArI kriyAe~ saMskRti aura saMskAra ko saMrakSita rakhane ke uddezya se batAyI gayI haiN| 3. sampatti- jaina laoN ke anusAra sampatti ke sthAvara aura jaMgama do bheda haiN| jo padArtha apanI jagaha para sthira hai aura halacala nahIM kara sakatA, vaha sthAvara hai, jaise gRha, bAga ityAdi, aura jo padArtha eka-sthAna se dUsare sthAna meM sugamatApUrvaka A jA sakatA hai, vaha jaMgama hai| donoM prakAra kI sampatti vibhAjita ho sakatI hai, parantu aisI salAha dI gaI hai ki sthAvara dravya avibhAjita rakkhe jAe~, kyoMki isake kAraNa pratiSThA aura svAmitva bane rahate haiN| ___dAya bhAga kI apekSA sapratibandha aura apratibandha do prakAra kI sampatti mAnI gaI hai| pahale prakAra kI sampatti vaha hai, jo svAmI ke maraNa pazcAt usake beTe, potoM ko santAna kI sIdhI rekhA meM pahu~catI hai| dUsarI vaha hai, jo sIdhI rekhA meM na pahu~ceM, varan cAcA, tAU ityAdi kuTumba-sambandhiyoM se mile| nimna prakAra kI sampatti vibhAjana yogya nahIM hai1. jise pitA ne apane nijI mukhya guNoM yA parAkrama dvArA prApta kiyA ho, jaise raajy| 2. paitRka sampatti kI sahAyatA binA jo dravya kisI ne vidyA Adi guNoM dvArA upArjana kiyA ho, jaise vidyA-jJAna dvArA aay| 3. jo sampatti kisI ne apane mitroM athavA apanI strI ke bandhujanoM se prApta kI ho| ___4. jo khAnoM meM gar3I huI upalabdha ho jAveM arthAt daphInA aadi| 5. jo yuddha athavA sevA-kArya se prApta huI ho| 6. jo sAdhAraNa AbhUSaNAdika pitA ne apanI jIvanAvasthA meM apane putroM va unakI striyoM ko svayaM de diyA ho| 7. strii-dhn| 8. pitA ke samaya DUbI huI sampatti, jisako kisI bhAI ne avibhAjita sampatti kI sahAyatA binA prApta kI ho, parantu sthAvara-sampatti kI dazA meM vaha puruSa jo use prApta kare, kevala apane sAmAnya bhAga se caturtha aMza adhika paaegaa| jaina kAnUna ke mutAbika sampatti ko vibhAjana-yogya bhI mAnA gayA hai aura pArivArika sukha va zAnti ke lie vibhAjana ko aucityapUrNa kahA gayA hai| pati kI mRtyu ke pazcAt kAnUna :: 147 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #157
sampatti ko bA~Te jAne kA ullekha hai| uttarAdhikAra meM kucha ayogyatAe~ bhI batAyI gayI haiM: ____ 1. paidAyazI napuMsakatA yA aise roga kA rogI jo cikitsA karane se niroga nahIM ho sktaa| 2. jo saba prakAra se sadAcAra kA virodhI ho| 3. unmatta, la~gar3A, andhA, rajIla (kSudra-nIca), kubjaa| 4. jAticyuta, apAhija, mAtA-pitA kA ghora virodhI, mRtyunikaTa, gUMgA, baharA, ati-krodhI, aNghiin| aise vyakti kevala gujAre ke adhikArI haiM, bhAga ke nhiiN| parantu yadi unakA roga zAnta ho, gayA hai, to vaha apane bhAga ke adhikArI ho jaaeNge| nahIM to unakA bhAga unakI patniyoM yA putroM ko yadi ve yogya ho, pahu~cegA yA putrI ke putra ko milegaa| dAyabhAga kI ayogyatA kA yaha bhAva nahIM hai ki manuSya apanI nijI sampatti se bhI vaMcita kara diyA jaae| sAdhu kA bhAga- yadi koI puruSa vibhAjita hone se pUrva sAdhu hokara calA gayA ho, to strI dhana ko chor3akara, sampatti ke bhAga usI prakAra lagAne cAhie jaise usakI upasthiti meM hote aura usakA bhAga usakI patnI ko de denA caahie| yadi usake eka putra hI hai, to vaha svabhAvataH apane pitA ke sthAna ko grahaNa kregaa| yadi koI vyakti avivAhita mara jAe athavA sAdhu ho jAe, to usakA bhAga usake bhAI-bhatIjoM ko yathA-yogya milegaa| ___ mAtA ke adhikAra- yadi pitA kI mRtyu pazcAt bA~Ta ho, to mAtA ko putra ke samAna bhAga milatA hai| vAstava meM ullekha to yaha hai ki use putroM se kucha adhika milanA cAhie, jisase vaha parivAra aura kuTumba kI sthiti ko banAye rkkhe| isa prakAra yadi putra aura eka vidhavA jIvita hai, to mRtaka kI sampatti ke 5 samAna bhAga kiye jAe~ge, jinameM se eka mAtA ko aura zeSa cAra meM se eka-eka pratyeka bhAI ko milegaa| mAtA ko kitanA adhika diyA jAye isakI sImA niyata nahIM hai| parantu arhannIti meM isa prakAra kA ullekha hai ki pitA ke maraNa ke pazcAt yadi bA~Ta ho, to pratyeka bhAI apane-apane bhAga meM se AdhA-AdhA mAtA ko deve| isa prakAra yadi cAra bhAI haiM, to pratyeka bhAI cAra AnA hissA pAegA aura mAtA kA bhAga cAra Ane ke arddhabhAga kA caugunA hogA arthAt 2x 4=8 AnA hogaa| pitA kI jIvanAvasthA meM mAtA ko eka bhAga bA~Ta meM milanA caahie| putrotpatti hone se mAtA eka bhAga kI adhikAriNI ho jAtI hai| mAtA kA vaha bhAga usake maraNa pazcAt saba-bhAI paraspara samAnatA se bA~Ta leN| bahinoM kA adhikAra- vibhAjita hone ke pazcAt jo sampatti pitA ne chor3I hai, 148 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #158
usameM bhAI aura ku~vArI bahina ko samAna bhAga pAne kA adhikAra hai| yadi do bhAI aura eka bahina hai, to sampatti tIna samAna bhAgoM meM bNttegii| bar3A bhAI choTI bahina kA, choTe bhAI kI bhA~ti pAlana kare; aura ucita dAna dekara usakA vivAha kre| yadi aisI sampatti bce| jo bA~Tane yogya na ho, to use bar3A bhAI le leve| yaha anumAna hotA hai ki bahina kA bhAga kevala vivAha evaM gujAre nimitta rakhA gayA hai, anyathA bhAI kI upasthiti meM bahina kA koI adhikAra nahIM ho sktaa| yadi vibhakta hone ke pazcAt koI bhAI mara jAya, to usakI sampatti ko usake bhAI aura bahina samAna bA~Ta leN| aisA usI dazA meM hogA, jaba mRtaka ne koI vidhavA yA putra na chor3A ho| yahA~ bhI bahina kA artha ku~vArI bahina kA hai, jisake vivAha aura gujAre kA bhAra paitRka sampatti para par3atA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki usakA yaha dAyitva sapratibandha dAya-bhAga kI dazA meM mAnya nahIM ho sakatA arthAt usa sampatti se lAgU nahIM ho sakatA, jo cAcA-tAU se milI ho| vidhavA bhAvaja kA adhikAra- vidhavA bhAvaja apane pati ke bhAga ko pAtI hai aura usako apane pati ke jIvita bhAIyoM se apanA bhAga pRthaka kara lene kA adhikAra hai| yadi vaha koI putra goda lenA cAhe, to le sakatI hai, parantu aise bhAI kI vidhavA kA, jo pahale hI alaga ho cukA ho, vibhAga ke samaya koI adhikAra nahIM hai| yadi koI bhAI sAdhu hokara athavA saMnyAsa lekara calA gayA hai, to usakA bhAga vibhAga ke samaya usakI strI paaegii| isa prakAra jaina kAnUna meM ba~TavArA hone ke bAda bhI puna: eka hone kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yadi anya vargoM kI striyA~ haiM, to unase sampanna santAna ke bhAgoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ba~TavArA kI jo vidhi batAyI gayI hai, usake anusAra kucha pratiSThita manuSyoM ke samakSa avibhAjita sampatti kA mUlyAMkana kara lenA cAhie aura phira usake vibhAga kiye jAne cAhie, tAki mUlyAMkana kI dRSTi se sabhI ko utanA aMza mila sake, jisake ve adhikArI haiN| 5. uttarAdhikArI- jaina kAnUna ke anusAra uttarAdhikAra kA krama nimna prakAra hai : 1. vidhavA, 2. putra, 3. bhrAtA, 4. bhatIjA, 5. sata pIr3hiyoM meM sabase nikaTa sapiNDa, 6. putrI, 7. putrI kA putra, 8. nikaTavartI bandhu, 9. nikaTavartI gotraja (14 pIr3hiyoM taka kA), 10. jJAtyA, 11. raajaa| rAjA kA kartavya- yadi kisI manuSya kA uttarAdhikArI jJAta na ho to rAjA ko tIna varSa paryanta usakI sampatti surakSita rakhanI cAhie, aura yadi isa bIca meM koI vyakti usako Akara na mA~ge, to use svayaM le lenA cAhie, kintu usa dravya ko dhArmika kAryoM meM kharca kara denA caahie| indranandi jina saMhitA meM yaha niyama brAhmaNIya sampatti ke sambandha meM ullikhita hai, kyoMki brAhmaNa kI sampatti rAjA grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA hai; parantu vardhamAna nIti meM yaha niyama sarva vargoM kI sampatti ke sambandha meM hai ki rAjA ko kAnUna :: 149 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #159
aisA dhana dharma-kAryoM meM lagA denA ucita hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki brAhmaNa kI sampatti ko usakI vidhavA yA anya dAmAdoM ke abhAva meM koI brAhmaNa hI grahaNa kara skegaa| 6. strI-dhana- jaina kAnUna meM nimna prakAra ke pA~ca strIdhana batAye gaye haiM : (ka) adhyagni- jo kucha agni aura brAhmaNoM kI sAkSI meM lar3akI ko diyA jAtA hai, arthAt vaha AbhUSaNa ityAdi jo putrI ko usakI mAtA-pitA vivAha ke samaya dete haiN| (kha) adhyAvanika - (lAyA huA) jo dravya vadhu apane pitA ke ghara se apane pitA aura bhAIyoM ke sammukha laave| (ga) prIti-dAna- jo sampatti zvasura aura sAsu vadhu ko vivAha ke samaya dete haiN| (gha) audayika (saudayika)- jo sampatti vivAha ke pazcAt mAtA-pitA yA pati se mile| __ (Ga) anvAdhyeya - jo vastue~ vivAha ke samaya apanI yA pati ke kuTumba kI striyoM ne dI ho| saMkSepataH vadhU ko jo-kucha vivAha ke samaya milatA hai, vaha- saba usakA strI-dhana hai| (ca) bharaNa poSaNa- jaina kAnUna ke anusAra nimna manuSya bharaNa-poSaNa pAne ke adhikArI haiM : 1. jIvita tathA mRtaka bAlaka, arthAt jIvita bAlaka aura mRtaka putroM kI santAna tathA vidhavAe~, yadi koI ho; 2. vaha manuSya jo bhAgAdhikAra pAne ke ayogya ho; 3. sabase bar3e putra ke sampatti pAne kI avasthA meM anya parivAra; 4. avivAhita putriyA~ aura bahineM; 5. vibhAga hone ke pazcAt utpanna hue bhAI, jabaki pitA kI sampatti paryApta na ho, parantu aisI dazA meM kevala vivAha karA dene taka kA bhAra bar3e bhAIyoM para hotA hai| vivAha meM svabhAvataH kumAra-avasthA kA vidyAdhyayana aura bharaNa-poSaNa bhI zAmila samajhanA cAhie; 6. vidhavA bahue~ usa avasthA meM jaba vaha sadAcAriNI aura zIlavatI hoM; 7. aisI vidhavA mAtA, jisako vyabhicAra ke kAraNa dAyabhAga nahIM milA ho; 8. tInoM ucca vargoM ke puruSoM se jo zudra strI ke putra hoM; 9. mAtA aura pitA jaba vaha dAyabhAga ke ayogya ho| 10. daasiiputr| 7. saMrakSakatA- jaina kAnUna meM jo putra aura putriyA~ vaya prApta nahIM haiM arthAt bAliga nahIM hote haiM, to unakI saMrakSakatA ke lie nimnalikhita adhikArI manuSya kramAnusAra batAe gaye haiM : 1. pitA, 2. pitAmaha, 3. bhAI, 4. cAcA, 5. pitA kA gotraja, 6. dharmaguru, 7. nAnA, 150 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #160
8. maamaa| ____8. rivAja- rivAja kaI prakAra ke hote haiN| sAdhAraNa va vizeSa arthAt jAtIya kauTumbika aura sthAnIya kintu jaina kAnUna ke anusAra rivAja prAcIna, nizcita, vyAvahArika aura ucita hone cAhie, sadAcAra ke pratikUla sarakArI kAnUna ke virodha aura sAmAjika nIti ke virodhI rivAja ucita nahIM mAne gaye haiN| 9. upasaMhAra- yaha prazna uTha sakatA hai ki pRthaka se jaina kAnUna banAne kI kyA AvazyakatA hai?... abhI hAla meM hI sikkha vivAha kAnUna dekhane meM AyA thA aura hameM hamAre zAstroM meM jo rIti-nIti dI gayI hai, usake anusAra apane kAnUna kA nirmANa karanA caahie| sva. bairisTara campatarAya jaina ne varSa 1925 meM briTiza hukUmata kI icchA ko dekhate huye zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA aura usake AdhAra para jaina kAnUna kI racanA kii| hamAre zAstroM meM jo kAnUna diye gaye haiM, unameM kucha aise vizeSa prasaMga haiM, jo anya kAnUnoM meM nahIM milate haiM, jaise mahilA ko svayaM paripUrNa uttarAdhikAra prApta karanA, isake atirikta yadi putra-dharma, virodhI AcaraNa karatA ho yA durAcaraNa karatA hoM to use parivAra se nikAlakara usakA putratva samApta kara ayogya ghoSita kara dene kA prAvadhAna hai| isI prakAra yadi dattaka putra bhI durAcaraNa kA doSI pAyA jAye to use bhI nikAlA jA sakatA hai| bairisTara zrI campatarAya jI ne 1925 meM yaha AkAMkSA vyakta kI thI ki jaina logoM meM jo kAnUna ke jJAtA haiM, aMgrejI bhASA ke jJAtA hoM, eka samiti banAkara yogya vidvAnoM aura paMDitoM ke bIca meM una zAstroM kA manthana karanA cAhie, jinameM yaha nIti dI gayI hai aura phira usake AdhAra para apanA eka pUrva jaina kAnUna jisameM vibhinna dhArAe~, upa-dhArAe~ ina sabhI viSayoM se sambandhita haiM, samAviSTa karate hue taiyAra karanA cAhie; kintu 90 varSa vyatIta ho jAne ke uparAnta bhI aba taka isa dizA meM koI Thosa kArya nahIM ho sakA hai| AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki koI rASTrIya saMsthA isa mAmale meM pahala kare, tAki yaha kArya saphala ho ske| kAnUna :: 151 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #161
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org tattva-mImAMsA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pro. sudIpa kumAra jaina jaina- darzana meM tattvoM kA cintana anUThA hai| isameM yadyapi sAta tattva mAne gaye haiM, phira bhI ve sAtoM tattva do mUla tattvoM kI koTi meM dekhe gaye haiM- 1. jIva 2. ajIva jinheM hama 'cetana' aura ' acetana' ke rUpa meM bhI kaha sakate haiM / inhIM do mUlatattvoM kA vistAra vibhinna dRSTiyoM se 'pA~ca astikAya', 'chaha dravya', 'sAta tattva' evaM 'nava padArtha' ke rUpa meM vivecita huA hai| ata: inheM hameM inakI mUladRSTiyoM ke sAtha svatantra lakSaNapUrvaka samajhanA hogaa| pA~ca astikAya 'astikAya' zabda jainadarzana kA atyanta maulika zabda hai, jo anya kisI bhI darzana meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| jaba ki anya 'dravya', 'tattva', 'padArtha' Adi padoM kA prayoga anya darzanoM meM bhI prApta hotA hai; bhale hI sarvatra lakSaNadRSTi se bheda hai / astu, isa samasta pada meM do padoM kA yoga hai, 'asti' aura 'kAya' / inameM ' asti' vidyamAnArthaka 'as' dhAtu kA vartamAnakAla prathama puruSa ekavacana kA rUpa hai| jabaki 'kAya' zabda sAmAnyataH 'deha' yA 'zarIra' vAcI hote hue bhI yahA~ 'bahupradezI' - isa viziSTa artha meM prayukta huA hai| isa prakAra 'astikAya' pada kA artha huA 'bahupradezIsattA' / ukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki 'astikAya' ke vargIkaraNa ke mAdhyama se jainadarzana meM vastutattva kA AkAra yA kSetra kI dRSTi se vivecana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki sAmAnyataH pratyeka vastu kA vivecana cAra mukhya dRSTiyoM se dArzanika jagata meM kiyA jAtA hai - 1. dravya, 2. kSetra, 3. kAla, 4. bhaav| inameM se kSetra kI dRSTi se jainadarzana meM jo vastutattva kA vivecana hai, use 'astikAya' saMjJA dI gayI hai / isa dRSTi se maulikatA evaM varIyatA dene ke lie hI AcArya kundakunda ne 'paMcatthikAyasArasaMgaho' ('paJcAstikAya - sAra-saMgraha) nAmaka eka svatantra grantha kI racanA kI hai| jaisA ukta grantha ke nAmakaraNa meM hI sUcita hai ki jainadarzana meM astikAyoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca mAnI gayI hai-- jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza jainadarzana 152 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #162
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sammata SaTdravyoM meM mAtra kAladravya ko hI 'astikAya' nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki vaha eka- pradezI hai, bahu- pradezI nahIM hai / inakA vivecana nimnAnusAra hai-- 1. jIvAstikAya - jIvadravya ko jainadarzana meM pradezoM kI saMkhyA kI apekSA 'bahupradezI' mAnA gayA hai| ataH isakI 'astikAya' saMjJA anvarthaka hai / jIva ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA 'asaMkhyAta' mAnI gayI hai| cU~ki jIva ke pradezoM meM 'saMkoca - vistAra' nAmaka zakti hai, jisake bala se vaha cIMTI - jaise choTe zarIra ke AkAra se lekara bar3e se bar3e zarIra ke AkAra meM svayaM ko vyavasthita kara letA hai| yahA~ taka ki 'samudghAta' kI sthiti meM kabhI-kabhI yaha lokAkAza ke barAbara bhI phaila jAtA hai; ataH lokAkAza ke asaMkhyAta pradezoM ke anupAta meM jIva asaMkhyAta - pradezI mAnA gayA hai T saMsAra - avasthA meM jIva ko 'svadehaparimANa' arthAt jisa zarIra meM rahe, usI ke AkAra vAlA mAnA gayA hai tathA 'mukta avasthA' yA 'siddhaavasthA' meM use caramazarIra sekiJcidnyUna AkAra vAlA mAnA gayA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa antima zarIra se mukta hokara jIva siddha-avasthA prApta karatA hai, usI antima zarIra se kucha - kama AkAra meM vaha siddha-dazA meM vidyamAna rahatA hai / vaha antima - zarIra choTe yA bar3e jisa bhI AkAra kA ho, usI ke anupAta meM vaha jIva siddha-avasthA meM rahatA hai / 'antima zarIra se kucha-kama AkAra vAlA' kahane se yaha abhiprAya hai ki zarIra ke nakha, keza, bhauMheM, palakoM ke bAla, roma va carma kI UparI sataha Adi kSetroM meM AtmA vyApta nahIM hotA hai, ataH itane AkAra se nyUna hone ke kAraNa siddha-avasthA meM jIva kA AkAra ' antima zarIra se kucha - kama' kahA gayA hai| cU~ki siddha hone kI sAmarthya jainadarzana meM cAroM gatiyoM ke jIvoM meM se mAtra manuSya ko mAnI gayI hai, ataH siddhoM kA AkAra manuSya ke zarIra ke anurUpa hI hotA hai tathA manuSyoM ke zarIra ke AkAra bhI kAlakrama se choTe-bar3e hote haiM; ata: siddhoM ke AkAra bhI jainadarzana meM antima zarIra ke parimANa ke anurUpa choTe yA bar3e mAne gaye haiN| AkAra bhale hI choTe yA bar3e hoM, parantu pradezoM kI saMkhyA sabhI ke samAna rUpa se asaMkhyAta hI mAnI gayI hai| saMkoca - vistAra - zakti ke kAraNa hI ve choTe yA bar3e zarIra ke AkAra meM vyavasthita rahate haiM, na ki pradezoM kI saMkhyA kama yA jyAdA hone H astikAyatva kI dRSTi se sabhI jIva samAna rUpa se asaMkhyAta - pradezI se bahu- pradeza haiM / ataH sabhI jIva 'astikAya' ke nAma se jAne jAne ke yogya haiN| 2. pudgala-astikAya -- pudgaladravya kA zuddha svarUpa to 'paramANu' hai, jo pUrNata: avibhAjya hai aura 'pradeza' kA mApa bhI hai" ataH vaha eka pradezI hai, aura isI kAraNa apanI parizuddha-avasthA meM pudgaladravya astikAya nahIM hai, kintu pudgala - paramANu apanI parizuddha-avasthA meM rahatA nahIM hai, vaha aneka pudgala - paramANuoM kI saMyukta-avasthA tattva - mImAMsA :: 153 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #163
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir meM hI rahatA hai, jise 'skandha' kahA gayA hai| ye skandha choTe-bar3e vibhinna AkAroM ke hote haiM / cU~ki sabhI skandha 'bahu- pradezI' hI hote hai; ataH skandha-avasthA meM hI pudgala - dravya ko 'astikAya' mAnA gayA hai / cU~ki pudgala - dravya saMkhyA - apekSA anantAnanta mAne gaye haiM, ataH skandhoM ke AkAra ke anupAta meM koI skandha saMkhyAtapradezI hai, koI asaMkhyAtapradezI hai aura koI mahAskandha anantapradezI bhI mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra zuddha-avasthA meM pudgalaparamANu eka- pradezI hone se astikAya nahIM hai; kintu saMyogI - avasthA meM skandha rUpa meM bahu- pradezI hone se use upacAra se astikAya mAnA gayA hai| 3. dharmAstikAya - cU~ki dharmadravya lokAkAza pramANa hai, ataH bahu- pradezI hone ke kAraNa vaha svarUpataH hI astikAya hai / 4. adharmAstikAya - adharma dravya bhI dharmadravya kI hI bhA~ti lokAkAza-pramANa asaMkhyAta - pradezI' hone se usI ke samAna 'astikAya' saMjJA ko caritArtha karatA hai / 5. AkAza- astikAya - AkAza dravya svarUpataH akhaNDa va ananta - pradezI hai, kahA bhI hai- " AkAzasyAnantA: " - (tattvArthasUtra 5 / 9), phira bhI jitane AkAza- kSetra meM jIva- pudgalAdi dravya pAye jAte haiM, use lokAkAza saMjJA dI gayI hai, aura avaziSTa AkAza dravya ko alokAkAza kahA gayA hai| ataH vastutaH bhinna nahIM hone se AkAzadravya 'bahu- pradezI' bhI hai, aura 'astikAya' saMjJA kA adhikArI bhI hai| yadi bheda dRSTi ko bhI pradhAna kareM, to 'lokAkAza' evaM 'alokAkAza' - donoM hI bahu- pradezI haiM, ataH donoM hI ' astikAya' haiN| cU~ki kAladravya kA svarUpa hI AkAza ke eka-eka pradeza para eka-eka kAlANu avasthita hone rUpa mAnA gayA hai / ataH pratyeka kAlANu eka pradezI hai, isalie vaha astikAya' saMjJA kI arhatA dhAraNa nahIM karatA hai tathA pudgala paramANuoM kI bhA~ti kAlA paraspara saMghaTita bhI nahIM hote haiM, ataH unakI 'skandha' - jaisI avasthA sambhava nahIM hai / isIlie kabhI bhI kAladravya ko 'astikAya' upacAra se bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| SaDdravya-mImAMsA bhAratIya darzanoM meM 'dravya' zabda kA prayoga sarvatra milatA hai; kintu usake lakSaNa sarvatra samAna nahIM haiN| jaina - paramparA meM bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki usakI do pramukha dhArAoM - 'digambara' evaM 'zvetAmbara' meM anya kaI binduoM para paraspara mata - vaividhya milatA hai; kintu 'dravya' ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM una donoM dhArAoM ke svara sarvatra 154 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #164
samAna haiN| jainadarzana meM 'dravya' kA lakSaNa 'sat' mAnA gayA hai "sadvya-lakSaNam'- (tattvArthasUtra, 5/29) aura isa 'sat' yA sattA ko utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka kahA gayA hai| "utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya-yuktaM sat'- (tattvArthasUtra 5/30) Age isI lakSaNa ko ve prakArAntara se likhate hue kahate haiM "guNa-paryayavad dravyam"- (tattvArthasUtra, 5/38) arthAt 'dravya' guNoM evaM paryAyoM se yukta hotA hai| cU~ki utpAda (utpatti) aura vyaya (vinAza)-ye donoM hI paryAya ke dharma haiM, jabaki guNa aura dravya 'dhrauvya' (apariNAmI), avinAzI, trikAla abAdhita rahate haiM) haiM, ataH ina donoM lakSaNoM meM koI tAttvika bheda nahIM hai| vartamAna jaina paramparA meM zAsananAyaka bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke bAda AcArya kundakunda ne sarvaprathama 'dravyamImAMsA' kI samartha prastuti kI hai| unake prarUpaNa itane vizada evaM paripUrNa haiM ki AcArya umAsvAmI ke dvArA kathita uparyukta donoM sUtra AcArya kundakunda kathita dravya-lakSaNa kA saMkSipta saMskRta rUpAntaraNa hI pratIta hote haiN| anya AcAryoM evaM manISiyoM ne bhI isI ko AdhAra banAkara apanI vivecanA prastuta kI hai, ataH uparyukta lakSaNa ko hI AdhAra banAkara yahA~ saMkSipta vivecana kiyA jaaegaa| ___ 'dravya' samaSTi-vAcaka sattA hai, jabaki 'guNa' aura 'paryAya' vyaSTi-vAcaka sattAe~ haiN| 'guNa' bhedarUpa se vyaSTivAcaka hai aura 'paryAyeM' parivartana yA kSaNa-bhaMguratA kI apekSA vyaSTi-vAcaka haiN| abhiprAya yaha hai ki pratyeka dravya ananta-guNoM aura unakI trikAlavartI anantAnanta paryAyoM kA piNDa hai| dravya kA tiryak sAmAnya pakSa 'guNa' hai aura UrdhvatAsAmAnya pakSa paryAyeM haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to svabhAva, zakti, sAmarthya rUpa vastupakSa kA pratinidhitva guNa karate haiM aura parivartana-kAla-rUpa vastu-pakSa kI pratinidhi paryAyeM haiN| dravya chaha mAne gaye haiM- jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma AkAza, aura kaal| inakA lakSaNAtmaka svarUpa nimna prakAra hai| 1. jIva dravya-isakA lakSaNa jJAnadarzanAtmaka 'upayoga' mAnA gayA hai-"upayogo lakSaNam"-(tattvArthasUtra 2/8) upayoga ke bhI mUlataH jJAnopayoga evaM darzanopayoga ye do bheda mAne gaye haiM, aura jJAnopayoga ke matijJAna Adi ATha bheda evaM darzanopayoga tattva-mImAMsA :: 155 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #165
ke cakSudarzana Adi cAra bheda hote haiM "sa dvividho'ssttcturbhedaaH|" - (tattvArthasUtra 2/9) 2. pudgala dravya-jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha evaM varNa pAye jAte haiM, vaha 'pudgala' hai-"sparza-rasa-gandha-varNavantaH pudgalAH" (tattvArthasUtra, 5/23) / pudgaloM meM zabda, bandha Adi vizeSatAe~ bhI pAyI jAtI haiM "zabda-bandha-saumya-sthaulya-saMsthAna-bheda tmshchaayaa''tpodyotvntshc|" (tattvArthasUtra 5/24) arthAt zabda, bandha (ba~dhanA), sUkSmatA, sthUlatA, saMsthAna, bheda (TUTanA), tama (andhakAra), chAyA, Atapa (yathA sUrya prakAza) aura udyota (yathA cA~danI) bhI pudgaloM meM hI pAyI jAne vAlI vizeSatAe~ haiN| ___pudgala zabda meM 'pud' kA artha hai-pUrNa honA, milanA yA jur3anA tathA 'gala' kA artha hai-galanA, haTanA yA ttuuttnaa| pudgala-paramANu-skandha-avasthA meM nirantara milate aura alaga hote rahate haiN| TUTane aura jur3ane kI isa kriyA ko Adhunika vijJAna kI bhASA meM 'phyUjana' aura 'phisana' kaha sakate haiN| chaha dravyoM meM aisI saMzleSaNa (jur3anA) evaM vizleSaNa (alaga honA) kI sAmarthya mAtra pudgala dravya meM hI jainadarzana meM mAnI gayI hai| ata: isakI 'pUraNa-galana-svabhAvatvAd pudgalaH' vyutpatti anvarthaka hai| sthUla dRSTi se kaheM, to jagat meM jo kucha bhI hameM chUne, cakhane, sUMghane aura dekhane meM AtA hai, vaha sabhI pudgala hI hai| 3. dharmadravya- svayaM gatizIla hone vAle jIvoM aura pudgaloM ko jo gamana kriyA meM sahAyaka hotA hai, vaha dharma dravya hai| yaha eka 'udAsIna-nimitta' rUpa hotA hai, 'prerakanimitta' rUpa nhiiN| jaise ki machalI kI gamana-kriyA meM jala udAsIna-nimitta hotA hai| 4. adharmadravya- svayaM gatipUrvaka rukane vAle jIvoM aura pudgaloM ko jo Thaharane meM sahAyaka hotA hai, vaha adharmadravya hai| yaha bhI usI prakAra udAsIna nimitta hai, jaise pathika ko Thaharane meM chAyA udAsIna-nimitta hotI hai| 5. AkAza dravya- AkAza kA lakSaNa jainadarzana meM 'avakAza' pradAna karanA yA 'avagAhanA' denA hai-"AkAzasyAvagAhaH"- (tattvArthasUtra 5/18) / dravyasaMgraha meM kahA hai avagAsadANajoggaM jIvAdINaM viyANa aagaasN|" (1/19) arthAt jo jIvAdi pA~ca dravyoM ko rahane ke lie jagaha detA hai, vaha AkAza dravya hai| 6. kAladravya- jo sabhI dravyoM kI paryAyoM ke parivartana meM nimitta hotA hai, vaha kAladravya hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne vartanA, pariNAma, kriyA, paratva, aparatva ye pA~ca 156 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #166
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org kArya kAladravya ke batAye haiM / "vartanA-- pariNAma -- kriyA -- paratvAparatve ca kAlasya " - (tattvArthasUtra 5 / 22 ) inameM se kAladravya kA nizcayaparaka lakSaNa 'vartanA' hai aura vyavahAra kAla ke lakSaNa pariNAma, kriyA, paratva, aparatva Adi haiM / ina chaha dravyoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kI saMkSipta mImAMsA isa prakAra hai1. jIvadravya - jIvadravya ke mukhyataH do bheda mAne gaye haiMsaMsArI aura mukta | "saMsAriNo muktAzca" - (tattvArthasUtra - 2 /10) 44 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir inameM se 'saMsArI' jIvoM ke 'trasa' aura 'sthAvara' - ye do mUla bheda mAne gaye haiM'saMsAriNastrasasthAvarAH " - (tattvArthasUtra 2/12 ) inameM saMsArI se abhiprAya una jIvoM se hai, jo karmodaya ke vazIbhUta hokara cAra gati caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM meM 'saMsaraNa' arthAt paribhramaNa (janma-maraNa) kara rahe haiM ye saMsArI jIva jaba mAtra ekendriya (sparzanendriya yA zarIra mAtra) hote haiM, taba ve sthAvara saMjJA ke pAtra hote haiN| aise jIvoM meM pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati-sambandhI jIva Ate haiM tathA do indriya (sparzana va rasanA) se lekara paJcendriya (sparzana - rasanAghrANa - cakSuH va zrotra) vAle jIvoM ko 'trasa' kahA gayA hai| ina trasa jIvoM ke bhI 'manasahita' (samanaska yA saMjJI) evaM 'mana - rahita' (amanaska yA asaMjJI) ye do bheda kahe gaye haiN| ye bheda mAtra paMcendriya vAle trasoM para hI lAgU hote haiM, kyoMki 'mana' kA sadbhAva unhIM meM sambhava hai| zeSa ekendriya se lekara caturindraya taka ke jIvoM meM mana kA sadbhAva hI sambhava nahIM hai, ataH ve amanaska hI hote haiN| inake atirikta saMsArI jIvoM meM eka vargIkaraNa nigodiyA jIvoM kA bhI hai, jo sAmAnyataH vanaspatikAya ke antargata Ate haiM / ye jIva eka zvAsa- pramANa-kAla meM aThAraha bAra janma-maraNa karate haiM, - aisI sthiti ko nigoda kahA gayA hai| jo jIva anAdikAla se Aja taka kabhI aisI sthiti se bAhara nahIM A pAye haiM, unheM nityanigoda ke jIva kahA gayA tathA jo kabhI isa cakra se bAhara Akara karmodayavaza punaH nigodaavasthA meM lauTa Aye haiM, ve itara - nigoda ke jIva haiM / inake sAtha-sAtha saMsArI jIva ke jainadarzana meM do vargIkaraNa aura Ate haiM- 'paryApta' aura 'aparyApta' / zarIra paryApti jinake pUrNa ho gayI hai, ve 'paryApta jIva' haiM, aura 'zarIra-paryApti' pUrNa hue binA hI jinakI Ayu pUrNa ho jAne se maraNa ho jAtA hai, ve ' aparyApta jIva' haiM / mukta jIvoM se abhiprAya una jIvoM se hai, jo uparyukta saMsAra - paribhramaNa se Atma tattva - mImAMsA :: 157 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #167
sAdhanA ke bala se mukta ho gaye haiN| inake bhI do bheda haiM- arhanta aura siddh| bhAratIya darzanoM meM prayukta zabdAvalI ke samAnAntara inheM 'jIvanmukta' aura 'videha mukta' bhI kaha sakate haiN| yaha mAtra sthUla zabda-sAmya hai, lakSaNa-sAmya nahIM hai| jaina darzana meM 'arihanta' ve jIva haiM, jo utkRSTatama-AtmasAdhanA ke bala se cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kA vinAza kara cAra gati caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa ke cakra se to mukta ho gaye haiM, kintu zarIra meM vidyamAna haiM, ataH inheM 'jIvanmukta' kahA jA sakatA hai; tathA 'siddha' jIva ve haiM, jo antima zarIra ke bandhana evaM zeSa aghAtiyA karmoM ke bandhana se bhI mukta hokara azarIrI svAbhAvika Atma-svarUpa meM anantakAla taka ke lie virAjamAna ho gaye hai tathA pUrNa Atmika guNa jinake prakaTa haiM aura jo ananta-Ananda-maya sthiti meM haiN| 2. pudgaladravya- pudgala dravya ke do bheda mAne gaye haiM-1. paramANu, 2. skndh| paramANu pudgala kI sUkSmatama ikAI hai| yaha avibhAjya hotA hai| atyanta sUkSma hone ke kAraNa yaha paramANu indriyoM se agocara evaM prayogoM se atIta hai tathA 'skandha' aneka pudgala paramANuoM kI saMyuktAvasthA hai, jo do, tIna, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta evaM ananta paramANuoM vAlA bhI hotA hai| skandhoM ke mukhyata: chaha bheda kiye gaye haiM- 1. sthUlasthUla skandha, 2. sthUla-skandha, 3. sthUla-sUkSma skandha, 4. sUkSma-sthUla skandha, 5. sUkSma skandha, 6. sUkSma-sUkSma skndh| inakA paricaya nimnAnusAra hai1. sthUla-sthUla skandha- jo pudgala skandha TUTane para Apasa meM jur3a nahIM pAte aura jinheM AsAnI se eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna taka le jAyA jA sakatA hai, ve sthUla-sthUla skandha haiM; yathA-patthara, lakar3I, dhAtu Adi Thosa pdaarth| 2. sthUla skandha- ve skandha jo chinna-bhinna karane para bhI svayaM jur3a jAte haiM, ve sthUla-skandha hai| yathA- dUdha, pAnI, ghI, tela Adi tarala pdaarth| 3. sthUla-sUkSma-skandha- jo netroM dvArA dekhA to jA sake, kintu pakar3a meM na __ A sake, use sthUla sUkSma skandha kahate haiN| jaise-chAyA, prakAza aadi| 4. sUkSma-sthUla skandha- jo A~khoM se to nahIM dikhate haiM, kintu zeSa indriyoM se pratIta/anubhava-gamya hote haiM, unheM sUkSma-sthUla skandha kahate haiN| jaise havA, gandha, rasa, aadi| 5. sUkSma-skandha- jo kisI bhI indriya se gocara nahIM ho, unheM sUkSma-skandha kahate haiN| jaise-kArmANa skndh| 6. sUkSma-sUkSma skandha- atyanta sUkSma vyaNuka skandha ko sUkSma-sUkSma skandha kahate haiN| yaha skandhoM kI antima ikAI hai, isase choTA koI skandha 158 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #168
nahIM hotaa| pudgaloM ke vargIkaraNa kA eka anya prakAra vargaNA' kahA jAtA hai| sajAtIya pudgala paramANuoM ke samUha ko vargaNA kahA gayA hai| jainadarzana meM 23 prakAra kI 'vargaNA' batAI gayI haiM, kintu unake pramukhataH vyavahRta hone vAle prakAra ATha nimna haiM1. audArika-zarIra-vargaNA- sthUla audArika zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala samUha ko 'audArika-zarIra-vargaNA' kahA gayA hai| 2. vaikriyaka-zarIra-vargaNA- vaikriyaka zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala samUha ko vaikriyaka-zarIra-vargaNA kahA gayA hai| 3. AhAraka-zarIra-vargaNA- AhAraka zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala samUha ko 'AhAraka-zarIra-vargaNA' kahA gayA hai| 4. zvAsocchvAsa-vargaNA- zvAsa aura niHzvAsa ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgaloM ko 'zvAsocchvAsa-vargaNA' kahA gayA hai| ina cAroM ko sAmAnyataH 'AhAra-vargaNA' ke antargata batAyA jAtA hai| 5. taijasa-vargaNA- taijas zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgaloM ko taijas zarIra-vargaNA' kahA gayA hai| 6. bhASA-vargaNA- bhASA ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgaloM ko bhASA-vargaNA kahA gayA hai| 7. manovargaNA- dravyamana ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgaloM ko manovargaNA kahA gayA hai| 8. kArmANa vargaNA- karma zarIra ke rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgaloM ko kArmANa- vargaNA kahA gayA hai| 3.evaM 4. dharma aura adharma dravya- inake koI bheda nahIM hai| ye donoM dravya lokAkAza meM vyApta eka aura akhaNDa haiN| 5. AkAza dravya- tAttvika rUpa se isakA bhI koI bheda nahIM hai| jIvAdi anya pA~ca dravyoM kA avasthAna jitane AkAza kSetra meM hotA hai, use 'lokAkAza' aura avaziSTa zuddha AkAza dravya ko alokAkAza kahane rUpa yaha bheda upacAra-kathana hai| 6. kAla dravya- kAla dravya ke bhI vastu-gata rUpa meM koI bheda nahIM hai; kintu jo 'vartanA-lakSaNa' hai| use nizcaya kAla dravya tathA jo 'pariNAma-Adi lakSaNa' vAlA hai use vyavahAra-kAla-dravya,- aisA bheda-kathana kAla-dravya ke viSaya meM pAyA jAtA hai| vyavahAra kAla-dravya samaya, sekeNDa, minaTa, ghaNTA, dina, saptAha, varSa, yuga Adi rUpa mAnA gayA hai| samaya vyavahAra-kAla kI sUkSmatama ikAI hai| jainadarzanAnusAra eka pudgala paramANu ke AkAza ke eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza taka jAne meM jo kAla lagatA hai, use samaya kahA gayA hai| bhUtakAla, vartamAna, bhaviSyakAla-jaise bheda bhI vyavahArakAla meM hI parigaNita hote haiN| tattva-mImAMsA :: 159 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #169
saMkhyA kI apekSA dravyoM kA paricaya- saMkhyA kI apekSA jainadarzana meM jIvadravya 'ananta', pudgala anantAnanta, dharma-adharma-AkAza dravya eka-eka evaM kAla dravya lokAkAza-pramANa asaMkhyAta haiN| Adhunika vijJAna ke anusAra dravyoM kA paricaya jainadarzana meM mAnya dravyoM ko Adhunika vijJAna bhI apane zabdoM meM svIkAra karatA hai, yathA 1. jIvadravya ko vijJAna sIdhe rUpa meM to svIkAra nahIM karatA hai. kyoMki usake yantroM ke parIkSaNa meM yaha pakar3a meM nahIM AtA hai, phira bhI isake kucha lakSaNoM yathAsaMvedana-zakti (Feeling Power), saMkoca-vistAra-zakti (Contraction and Expension Power) ko vaijJAnikoM ne svIkRti pradAna kI hai| 2. pudgala dravya ko vijJAna ne (Matter) ke rUpa meM tathA isake skandhoM ko evaM paramANuoM ko Atoms Adi ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| cU~ki pudgala dravya prAyazaH bhautika tattva hai, ataH isake adhikAMza rUpa vaijJAnika yantroM dvArA grahaNa kiye jA sake haiN| ataH pudgala ke ina rUpoM ko vijJAna mAnyatA detA hai| 3. dharmadravya ko vijJAna (Medium of Motion) ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai| kahIM kahIM ise Ithara (Eather) se bhI saMjJita kiyA hai| 4. adharma dravya ko vijJAna Medium of Rest kI saMjJA se abhihita karatA hai| 5. AkAza dravya ko vijJAna Space ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai| 6. kAla dravya ko vijJAna Time ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai| guNa dravyAzrayA nirgaNAH guNA:- (tattvArthasUtra, 5/41) arthAt jo dravya ke Azrita hoM aura guNAntaroM ke prabhAva se rahita hoM, unheM guNa kahate haiN| guNa do prakAra ke hote haiMsAmAnya guNa aura vizeSa gunn| sAmAnya guNa-jo samasta dravyoM meM samAna rUpa se pAye jAte haiM, unheM sAmAnya guNa kahate haiN| sAmAnya guNa ke chaha bheda haiM 1. astitva 2. vastutva 3. dravyatva 4. prameyatva 5. pradezatva 6. agurulghutv| 1. astitva guNa- dravya kA vaha guNa jisake kAraNa dravya kA kabhI vinAza na ho, use astitva guNa kahate haiN| 2. vastutva guNa- dravya kA vaha guNa jisake kAraNa vaha koI na koI arthakriyA karatA rahe, use vastutva guNa kahate haiN| 3. dravyatva guNa-dravya kA vaha guNa jo parivartanazIla paryAyoM kA AdhAra hai use dravyatva guNa kahate haiN| 160 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #170
4. prameyatva guNa- dravya kA vaha guNa jisase vaha jAnA jAtA hai, use prameyatva guNa kahate haiN| 5. pradezatva guNa- dravya kA vaha guNa jisake nimitta se dravya kA koI na koI AkAra banA rahatA hai, use pradezatva guNa kahate haiN| 6. agurulaghutva guNa- dravya kA vaha guNa jisake kAraNa vaha apane svarUpa meM avasthita rahatA hai, isa zakti ke nimitta se dravya kI dravyatA kAyama rahatI hai| arthAt (ka) eka dravya dUsare dravya rUpa nahIM pariNamatA (kha) eka guNa dUsare guNa rUpa nahIM pariNamatA (ga) eka dravya ke aneka yA ananta guNa bikharakara jude-jude nahIM hote| uparyukta chahoM guNa vizva ke pratyeka padArtha meM pAye jAte haiN| loka meM aisA koI bhI padArtha nahIM hai, jisameM ina chaha guNoM meM se kisI eka kI bhI kamI ho| sabhI dravyoM meM samAna rUpa se pAye jAne ke kAraNa inheM sAmAnya guNa kahate haiN| vizeSa guNa-jo guNa sabhI dravyoM meM na pAye jAe, ve vizeSa guNa haiN| vizeSa guNa pratyeka dravya kA apanA hotA hai, vizeSa guNa aneka haiM, unameM solaha pramukha haiN| ve haiMjJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya, sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa, gati-hetutva, sthiti-hetutva, avagAhanahetutva, vartanA-hetutva, cetanatva, acetanatva, mUrtatva, aura amuurtttv|' inameM jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya, cetanatva aura amUrtattva ye chaha jIva ke vizeSa guNa haiN| sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa, acetanatva aura mUrtattva ye chaha pudgala ke vizeSa guNa haiN| dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAladravya ke acetanatva aura amUrtatva ke sAtha kramazaH gatihetutva, sthiti-hetutva, avagAhana-hetutva aura vartanA-hetutva isa prakAra tIna-tIna vizeSa guNa haiN| paryAya ___ AcAryoM ne 'sahavartinaH gaNAH kramavartinaH pryaayaaH| kahakara dravya meM guNoM va paryAyoM kI sthiti spaSTa kara dI hai| tadanusAra guNa yugapadravya meM vidyamAna hote haiM, jabaki ye paryAyeM kramaza: apaneapane samaya para udita hotI haiN| yaha parivartana pratisamaya calatA rahatA hai| pratyeka guNa kI pratisamaya bhinna-bhinna paryAyeM hotI rahatI haiN| aura unameM paraspara koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| yathA- jIva ke jJAna guNa kI paryAya jisa samaya matijJAna rUpa ho rahI hai, usI samaya darzana guNa kI paryAya cakSudarzana rUpa ho rahI hai| pratisamayavartI yaha parivartana itanA sUkSma hai ki vastutaH isake pratisamaya ke parivartana ko kevalajJAna hI jAna sakatA hai| sAmAnya saMsArI jIvoM ke pAsa to mati-zrutajJAna kA hI kSayopazama hone se ve pratisamayavartI parivartana ko lakSita nahIM kara pAte hai; ve to kaI samaya bAda ke sthUla parivartana ko hI samajha pAte haiN| jaise ki harA Ama cAra dina meM pakakara pIlA huA, to hameM usake tattva-mImAMsA :: 161 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #171
pratisamaya ke parivartana kA jJAna nahIM ho pAtA hai, balki cAra dinoM meM hue parivartana ko hama jAna pAye haiN| kintu vaha Ama to prati samaya kucha na kucha badalA hai taba jAkara vaha cAra dina meM hare se pIlA dikhAI diyA hai| ekadama se to hare se pIlA nahIM ho gyaa| paryAya ke vargIkaraNa jainadarzana meM kaI prakAra se batAye gaye haiM; yathA1. dravya paryAya aura guNa paryAya 2. artha paryAya aura vyaMjana paryAya inakA saMkSipta paricaya nimnAnusAra hai 1. dravya paryAya aura guNa paryAya- aneka dravyAtmaka ekatA kI pratipatti kI kAraNabhUta dravyaparyAya kahalAtI hai| yaha samAna jAtIya aura asamAna jAtIya ke bheda se do prakAra kI mAnI gayI hai| jaba 3-4 paramANu rUpa pudgala milakara skandha banate haiM to yaha pudgala dravyoM ke sambandha se utpanna hone vAlI samAna jAtIya dravya paryAyeM hai| tathA bhavAntara ko prApta hue jIva ke zarIrAdi nokarma rUpa pudgala ke sAtha manuSya yA deva Adi rUpa jo paryAya hotI hai, vaha cetana aura acetana ke mela rUpa hone ke kAraNa asamAnajAtIya dravya paryAya kahI jAtI hai| isI prakAra jina paryAyoM meM guNoM ke dvArA anvayarUpa ekatva kA jJAna hotA hai, ve guNa-paryAyeM kahIM jAtI haiN| jaise ki Ama ke varNa guNa kI hare va pIle varNa rUpa paryAyeM, jIva ke jJAna guNa kI mati-zrutajJAna rUpa pryaayeN| guNa paryAya ke do bheda haiM- svabhAva paryAya aura vibhAva pryaay| udAharaNa svarUpa dravya-bhAva karma rahita jIva ke jJAnAdi guNoM kI kevalajJAnAdi rUpa paryAyeM svabhAva paryAyeM haiM tathA paramANu rUpa pudgala dravya meM sthita sparza, rasa, gandha, varNAdi rUpa paryAyeM bhI svabhAva paryAyeM haiM aura jIva kI matijJAnAdi rUpa karmodaya prerita paryAya evaM pudgala kI skandha rUpa paryAya vibhAva paryAyeM haiN|" 2. arthaparyAya aura vyaMjana paryAya- jo SaDguNa hAni-vRddhi rUpa sUkSma parivartana hote haiM, ve artha-paryAyeM haiN| ye jJAnagocara to haiM, kintu zabdoM se inakA prarUpaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| inheM mAtra vartamAnakAla se upalakSita evaM RjusUtranaya kA viSaya mAnA gayA hai tathA pradezatva guNa ke kArya ko 'vyaMjana-paryAya' kahate haiN| yathA-miTTI kI piNDa sthAsa, koza, kuzUla, aura ghaTa Adi paryAyeM vyaMjana-paryAyeM haiN| sapta-tattva-mImAMsA jaise 'kSetra' yA 'pradeza' kI pradhAnatA se paMca astikAyoM kA nirUpaNa jainadarzana meM prApta hai, aura 'dravya' pakSa kI pradhAnatA se SaDdravyoM kI mImAMsA jainadarzana meM kI gayI hai| usI prakAra 'bhAvapakSa' kI pradhAnatA se 'saptatattvoM kA vivecana' milatA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI dhyAtavya hai ki paMcAstikAyoM kA prarUpaNa evaM SaDdravyoM kA nirUpaNa jisa 162 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #172
prakAra mAtra jAnane-yogya viSaya hai, jJeya-tattva-rUpa hai, usI prakAra saptatattva mImAMsA mAtra jJeya-rUpa nahIM hai| isameM heya-jJeya-upAdeya tInoM rUpoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to jIvoM ko apane hita kI dRSTi se kauna-sI vastu mAtra jAnane yogya hai, kauna-sI apanAne yogya hai, aura kauna-sI tyAgane-yogya hai-isI ko tattvamImAMsA meM batAyA gayA hai| sIdhe zabdoM meM kaheM to AtmA ke hita-ahita kI dRSTi kI pradhAnatA se jaina darzana meM tattva-vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa tathya ko jainadarzana meM isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA gayA hai "pradezapracayAtkAyaH dravaNAd drvynaamkaaH| paricchedyatvataste'rthAH tattvaM vstusvruuptH||" 14 arthAt pradeza pracaya kI dRSTi se kAya yA astikAya, dravaNa kI dRSTi se 'dravya', pramANa jJAna se jAnane yogya hone se 'artha' yA 'padArtha' tathA vastu-svarUpa kI dRSTi se 'tattva' saMjJA dI gayI hai| __ ataeva mokSamArga ke prathama sopAna 'samyagdarzana' "tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam'"5 kahakara mAtra tattva yA tattvArtha pakSa ko hI samyagdarzana ke viSaya meM vivecita kiyA gayA hai| prathamataH 'tattva' kA lakSaNa yA paribhASA ko jAnanA prakaraNa-prApta hai| vyutpattijanya dRSTi se 'tasya bhAvastattvam 6 kahA gayA hai arthAt jisa vastu kA jo bhAva hai, vahI usakA 'tattva' hai| AcArya akalaMkadeva vastu ke asAdhAraNa rUpa sva-tattva ko 'tattva' saMjJA dete haiN|" paribhASA kI dRSTi se jIvAdi padArthoM kA yAthAtmya hI 'tattva'; hai "cetano'cetano vArtho yo yathaiva vyvsthitH| tathaiva tasya yo bhAvo yAthAtmyaM tttvmucyte|| 78 cU~ki tattva zabda mAtra bhAvavAcI mAnA gayA hai tathA binA padArtha ke kisI bhAva kI sattA nahIM hai| ata: koI mAtra bhAvoM ko hI tattva na mAna le, isalie 'tattva' kI jainadarzana meM 'tattvArtha' saMjJA bhI dI gyii| "tattvenAryata iti tttvaarthH| aryate gamyate jJAyate ityarthaH tttvenaarthstttvaarthH| yena bhAvenArtho vyavasthitastena bhAvenArthasya grahaNaM tttvaarthH| 19 arthAt jo padArtha jisa rUpa se avasthita hai, usI rUpa se nizcita karanA yA jAnanA vaha tattvArtha kahalAtA hai| ___ abhiprAya yaha hai ki jaise uSNatA agni meM hI hotI hai| agni ke binA nahIM pAyI jAtI hai, isI prakAra jainAbhimata tattvavivecana 'artha' ke binA svatantra nahIM hai, parantu usako pUrNata: upekSita nahIM kiyA gayA hai- isI Azaya ke sAtha 'tattva' ko 'tattvArtha' bhI kahA gayA hai| tattva-mImAMsA :: 163 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #173
'tattva' yA 'tattvArtha' kI saMkhyA jainadarzana meM sAta mAnI gayI hai jiivaajiivaatrv-bndh-sNvr-nirjraa-mokssaastttvm|" 20 arthAt jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa-ye sAta tattva yA tattvArtha haiN| inakA sAmAnya paricaya nimnAnusAra hai 1. jIva tattva-jJAnadarzanAtmaka upayoga lakSaNa vAlA 'jIva' hai| cUMki jJAnadarzanAtmaka upayoga ko hI 'cetanA' saMjJA bhI dI gayI hai| ata: cetanA lakSaNa vAlA jIva hai|aisaa bhI kahA gayA hai| yadyapi lakSaNa kI dRSTi se to sabhI jIva-dravya isameM A jAte haiM; kintu tattvavivecana meM prayojana kI mukhyatA hai; ataH jo jAnanevAlA hai, vahI 'jIvatattva' ke rUpa meM yahA~ gRhIta hogaa| 'rAma' saMjJaka vyakti yadi apane upayogalakSaNa svarUpa ko jAna rahA hai, to usameM jIva-tattva mAtra vahI hai| anya upayoga lakSaNa 'jIva' 'jIvadravya' ke antargata Ae~ge, jIvatattva to mAtra sva-tattva hI hogaa| 2. ajIva tattva- cetanA lakSaNa rahita pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAlapA~coM dravya 'ajIva tattva' haiN| jJAtA, jIva ke lie 'caitanya svabhAva' inameM nahIM hai, ataH ye 'ajIva' haiN| jIva aura ajIva ke atirikta zeSa pA~ca 'tattvoM' yA 'tattvArthoM kA vargIkaraNa 'dravya' aura 'bhAva'-ina vizeSa upalakSaNoM se kiyA gayA hai, jisameM Atmika bhAva kI pradhAnatA hai, use 'bhAva' upalakSaNa diyA gayA hai| tathA paudagalika dravyakarma kI pradhAnatA se jo vivecana hai, use 'dravya' upalakSaNa diyA gayA hai| yahA~ 'dravya' kA artha SaDdravya-mImAMsA meM vivakSita dravya se nahIM hai| 3. Asravatattva-karmoM ke Agamana ke dvAra ko 'Asrava' kahA gayA hai| jIva ke jina bhAvoM kA nimitta pAkara jJAnAvaraNAdi karma Ate haiM, una rAga-dveSa-moha Adi rUpa vikArI bhAvoM ko 'bhAvAtrava' kahA gayA hai; tathA jJAnAvaraNAdi paudgalika karmoM ke Agamana ko 'dravyAstrava' kahA gayA hai| 4. bandha-tattva-karmoM kA Atmika pradezoM se saMzliSTa honA bandha hai| jIva ke jina bhAvoM ke kAraNa jJAnAvaraNAdi karma Atmika pradezoM se saMzliSTa hokara ba~dhate haiM, una bhAvoM ko 'bhAvabandha' kahate haiM; aura Atmika pradezoM se saMzliSTa hone vAlI pudgala-karma vargaNAoM ke saMzleSaNa (bandhana) ko 'dravya-bandha' kahA gayA hai| 5. saMvara-tattva-karmoM ke Agamana dvAra yAni 'Asrava' kA nirodha ho jAnA, ruka jAnA hI saMvara-tattva hai| jIva ke jina Atmika bhAvoM ke kAraNa jJAnAvaraNAdika karmoM kA Agamana rukatA hai, ve bhAva 'bhAva-saMvara' kahe gaye haiM tathA jJAnAvaraNAdika paudgalika karmavargaNAoM kA Agamana niruddha honA 'dravya-saMvara' hai| 6. nirjarA-tattva- pUrvabaddha karmoM kI nirjarA honA, Atmika pradezoM se unakA vizleSaNa honA hI 'nirjarA tattva' hai| jIva ke jina tapa Adi bhAvoM ke bala se pUrvabaddha 164 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #174
jJAnAvaraNAdika karma nirjINa hote haiM, una bhAvoM ko bhAva-nirjarA tathA paudgalika jJAnAvaraNAdika karmavargaNAoM kA nirjINa honA yA AtmapradezoM se vizleSita ho jAnA (chUTa jAnA-alaga ho jAnA) dravya-nirjarA hai| 'nirjarA tattva' kA anya dRSTiyoM se bhI vargIkaraNa jaina granthoM meM milatA hai| yathA'savipAka nirjarA' aura 'avipAka nirjraa'| ___AtmapradezoM se ba~dhe hue jo pudgala-karma udaya meM Akara jIva ko apanI prakRti ke anurUpa zubha yA azubha phala dekara nirjINa hote haiM, unheM 'savipAka' yA 'vipAkaja' nirjarA kahate haiM tathA jina karmoM kA udaya-kAla A gayA hai yA abhI nahIM AyA hai, aise karmoM ko tapa Adi prayogoM dvArA binA unakA phala pAye jaba jIva nirjarita kara detA hai, to usako 'avipAka' nirjarA kahate haiN| inake bAre meM jainadarzana meM kucha tulanAtmaka vaiziSTya bhI batalAye gaye haiN| savipAka nirjarA avipAka nirjarA 1. kevala udayAgata karmoM kI hI hotI hai| 1. udayAgata evaM anudayAgata-donoM prakAra ke karmoM kI hotI hai| 2. cAroM gatiyoM ke jIvoM ko hotI hai| 2. kevala samyagdRSTi vratadhArI saMyamI manuSyoM ko hI hotI hai| 3. akuzala jIvoM ke hone ke kAraNa 3. icchAnirodhapUrvaka na hone ke kAraNa isake phalasvarUpa una jIvoM ko yA to isa nirjarAvAle mithyAdRSTi jIva navIna karma-bandha avazya hotA hai| ko mAtra prazasta (zubha prakRtiyoM kA ataH ise 'akuzalAnubandhA' kahA bandha) hotA hai| ataH ise 'zubhAnubandhA' gayA hai| kahA gayA hai aura samyagdRSTi jIvoM ko icchAnirodhapUrvaka hone se yaha navIna bandha kA nimitta nahIM hotI hai; ata: ise 'niranubandhA' kahA gayA hai| 4. mokSa prApti kI kAraNa nahIM hai| 4. mokSa prApti kI kAraNa hai| inake atirikta 'akAma nirjarA' nAma se eka prarUpaNa 'nirjarAtattva' kA jainadarzana meM prApta hotA hai| isake anusAra majabUrI yA paratantratA ke kAraNa na cAhate hue bhI bhUkhapyAsa sahane, brahmacarya pAlane, mala-mUtra tyAga na kara pAne kA kaSTa sahane Adi indriya viSayoM kI nivRtti ko dhairyapUrvaka saha jAnA 'akAma nirjarA' hai| isake pariNAmasvarUpa bhavanavAsI vyantara evaM jyotiSadevoM kI Ayu kA bandha honA batAyA gayA hai| kabhI akAma nirjarA karai, bhavanatrika meM suratana dhrai| (chahaDhAlA) tattva-mImAMsA :: 165 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #175
7. mokSa tattva- "bandhahetvabhAva-nirjarAbhyAM kRtsnakarma-vipramokSo mokssH| (tattvArthasUtra 10/2) __ arthAt navIna karma bandha ke kAraNoM mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga kA abhAva ho jAnA tathA pUrvabaddha samasta karmoM kI nirjarA ho jAne se sampUrNa karmoM se rahita AtmA kI avasthA vizeSa kA nAma mokSa hai| isake bhI 'dravya-mokSa' evaM 'bhAva-mokSa' ye do bheda batAye gaye haiN| karmoM ke nirmUlana meM samartha zuddhAtmopalabdhirUpa jIva kA pariNAma 'bhAva-mokSa' hai tathA pUrvabaddha samasta karmoM kA AtmA se alaga ho jAnA 'dravya-mokSa' hai ___mokSa prApta jIva ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, anantasukha, anantavIrya (bala) se sampanna hokara pUrNa svAdhIna ho jAtA hai|" ___mokSa prApta jIva ko mukta kahA gayA hai| ukta mokSalakSaNa ke anusAra to sarvakarma-bandhana vimukta siddha jIva hI vAstava meM mukta kahe jAte haiM, kintu cAra ghAti karmoM se rahita evaM saMsAracakra se mukta anantadarzanAdi catuSTaya se sahita bhAvamokSavAn arhanta paramAtmA ko bhI jIvanmukta kahA gayA haibhAvamokSaH kevalajJAnotpattiH jiivnmukto'rhtpdmityekaarthH| (paMcAstikAyasAra saMgraha, tAtparyavRtti TIkA gAthA-150) jaisA ki jIva dravya nirUpaNa meM 'jIvanmukta' evaM videhamukta-ina do vargIkaraNoM meM mukta jIvoM ko batAyA gayA hai, tadanusAra jIvanmukta jIvoM ke carama zarIra evaM cAra aghAtiyA karma vidyamAna rahate haiM aura ve isI madhyaloka meM Ayu-karma pUrNa hone taka rahate haiM, kintu videhamukta jIva ukta cAra aghAtiyA karmoM ke bandhana se bhI rahita hokara zarIra ko bhI chor3akara azarIrI siddha bhagavAn ke rUpa meM lokAgra ke zikhara para sthita 'siddha zilA' para anantakAla taka apane svAbhAvika guNoM evaM ananta darzanAdi meM magna rahakara avyAbAdha rUpa se (kisI ko bAdhA pahu~cAye binA, kisI se bAdhita hue binA) sthita rahate haiN| isa 'siddhazilA' ke bAre meM kahA gayA hai ki yaha 'ISatprAgbhAra' nAmaka pRthvI ke Upara sthita hai tathA isakA vistAra eka yojana se bhI kucha-kama hotA hai| isa prakAra saMkSepa meM saptatattvoM kA paricaya diyaa| ina tattvoM ke viSaya meM 'dharmI' aura 'dharma' ke rUpa meM vargIkaraNa AcArya vidyAnanda svAmI ne isa prakAra prastuta kiyA hai "jIvAjIvau hi dharmiNau, taddharmastvAsravAdaya iti dharmidharmAtmakaM tattvaM sptvidhmuktm|"- (tattvArthazlokavArtika 2-1-4-48) arthAt sAta prakAra ke tattvoM meM jIva aura ajIva ye do to 'dharmI' rUpa tattva haiM tathA Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa-ye pA~ca una jIva aura ajIva dharmI tattvoM ke 'dharma' rUpa tattva haiN| ina sAtoM tattvoM kA prayojana kI dRSTi se eka anya vargIkaraNa bhI jainadarzana meM 166 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #176
prApta hotA hai-heya, jJeya aura upAdeya rUpa meN| inameM se ajIva tattva jJeya arthAt mAtra jAnane yogya hai, unameM na to koI chor3ane yogya (heya) hai aura na hI grahaNa karane yA apanAne yogya (upAdeya) hai| ajIva tattva ke antargata Ane vAle pudgala Adi pA~coM dravyoM ko 'ye jIva arthAt maiM nahIM hU~-aisA jAnanA hI mokSamArga evaM Atmahita meM kAryakArI hai| 'Asrava' aura 'bandha' tattva AtmA ke lie duHkha ke kAraNa aura svayaM duHkha-svarUpa hone ke kAraNa 'heya' arthAt chor3ane-yogya tattva haiN| inakI heyatA kA bodha karAne ke lie hI inakI carcA yahA~ kI gayI hai, jisase ki jIva inako duHkhadAyI mAnakara chor3a de| upAdeya tattvoM meM 'jIva-tattva' anubhava karane va AtmalAbha karane kI dRSTi se Azraya yogya 'parama-upAdeya' hai, kyoMki AtmA apane svabhAva ke avalambana se hI duHkhoM se chuTakArA prApta kara sakatA hai| 'saMvara' aura 'nirjarA' tattva mokSamArga rUpa hone se prakaTa karane kI apekSA ekadeza-upAdeya haiM; kyoMki saMvara aura nirjarA kI sthiti ke binA mokSa kI prApti nahIM hotI hai, tathA saMvara aura nirjarA meM hI sthita bane raheMge to bhI mokSa kI prApti nahIM hogii| jaba ki mokSa kI prApti hI carama lakSya hai| ataH prakaTa karane kI apekSA 'mokSa-tattva' pUrNa upAdeya hai| yahA~ para yaha jijJAsA sambhava hai ki mokSa-prApti meM sAdhaka saMvara-nirjarA evaM jIva tattvoM kA hI vivecana yahA~ kiyA jAnA cAhie thA; jJeya rUpa ajIva, heyarUpa Asravabandha tattvoM kA pratipAdana kyoM kiyA? inake vivecana se mokSArthI jIva ko kyA lAbha hai? isakA sarala uttara jainadarzana meM isa prakAra diyA gayA hai"heyatattvaparijJAne sati pazcAdupAdeyasvIkAro bhvtiiti|" (dravyasaMgraha TIkA gAthA 14) arthAt heya tattvoM kI bhalIbhA~ti pahicAna ho jAne para hI jIva unheM chor3akara upAdeya tattvoM ko aMgIkAra karatA hai| __paM. jayacandajI chAvar3A ne ina sAtoM tattvoM ke bAre meM kisa krama se, kaise bhAvanA karanI caahie| isakA sundara nirUpaNa 'bhAvapAhur3a' grantha kI gAthA 114 kI TIkA meM kiyA hai| tadanusAra sarvaprathama jIvatattva kA svarUpa jAnakara 'yaha jIva tattva maiM hU~'aisI AtmabhAvanA karanI cAhie; phira ajIva tattvoM kI pahicAna kara 'ye maiM nahIM hU~'aisA nirNaya karanA caahie| tIsare 'Asrava' se hI jIva saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai-aisA vicAra kara AsravabhAvoM ko nahIM karanA caahie| isI prakAra bandha tattva ke kAraNa hI mujhameM rAga-dveSa Adi vikArI bhAva utpanna hote haiN| ataH unake sarvathA tyAga kI bhAvanA karanI caahie| pA~caveM saMvara-tattva ko 'ye merA apanA bhAva hai aura isI se merA saMsAra-paribhramaNa miTegA'-aisI bhAvanA karanA caahie| isI Atma bhAva se karmoM tattva-mImAMsA :: 167 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #177
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra kI nirjarA hotI hai aura ina karmoM kA pUrNa abhAva hone para mokSarUpa paripUrNa AtmalAbha hotA hai, ata: nirjarA aura mokSa tattva kI bhAvanA karanI caahie| ina sabhI meM mUlataH Atmatattva kI bhAvanA hI pradhAna hai|26 nava padArtha mImAMsA nava padArtha mImAMsA pUrvokta sapta tattva mImAMsA se koI bar3A tAttvika antara nahIM rakhatI hai| pUrvokta sapta-tattva meM hI 'puNya' aura 'pApa' kI svatantra mImAMsA karane se nava padArtha bana jAte haiM / jJAtavya hai ki 'Asrava' aura 'bandha' tattvoM kA hI vargIkaraNa 'puNya' aura 'pApa' ke rUpa meM jainadarzana meM nimnAnusAra kiyA gayA hai| bandhatattva Asravatattva puNyAstrava www. kobatirth.org pApAsrava Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 168 :: jainadharma paricaya puNyabandha pApapadArtha isI dRSTi se 'tattvArtha sUtra' meM puNya-pApa kA Asrava-bandha tattvoM meM antarbhAva mAnakara alaga se vivecana nahIM kiyA gayA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda devanandi sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM spaSTa likhate haiM 44 'iha puNyapApagrahaNaM karttavyaM 'nava padArthA' ityanyairapyuktatvAt / na karttavyam Asravabandhe cAntarbhAvAt / "- (sarvArthasiddhi, 1/4) phira bhI kundakunda Adi mahAn AcAryoM ne puNya-pApa kI alaga se mImAMsA kI aura sapta tattvoM kI jagaha nava padArthoM ko apanA pratipAdya bnaayaa| isakA pramukha kAraNa yahI rahA ki sAmAnyataH loga azubha karmarUpa pApa pariNAmoM va pApakAryoM ko to 'burA ' batAkara chor3ane kI preraNA dete haiM; kintu zubha karma rUpa puNya pariNAmoM evaM puNyakAryoM ko 'acchA' batAkara unheM apanAne ko kahate haiM / jaba ki jainadarzana meM ina donoM kA antarbhAva 'Asrava' aura 'bandha' tattvoM meM kiyA gayA hai, jo ki heya tattva haiM; sarvathA chor3ane yogya haiM, koI bhI apanAne yogya nahIM haiN| jainadarzana kI isI dRSTi ko pradhAnatA pradAna karane ke lie hI sapta tattva - vivecana se pRthak navapadArtha - vivecana prastuta kiyA gayA hai / pApabandha sampUrNa jaina paramparA 'puNyabhAva' ko 'pApabhAva' ke samAna hI mokSamArga meM bAdhaka batAkara inheM samAnarUpa se tyAgane kA nirdeza detI hai| kucha nidarzana yahA~ prastuta hai For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #178
(ka) AcArya kundakunda- ber3I cAhe sone kI ho yA lohe kI, donoM jaise puruSa ko bA~dhatI hI haiM, usI prakAra puNya-pApa donoM hI karma jIva ko bA~dhate haiN| ataH jo jIva ina puNya aura pApa meM antara karatA hai| (arthAt puNya ko acchA aura pApa ko burA batAtA hai; donoM ko samAna rUpa se heya nahIM mAnatA hai) vaha moha se vyApta hokara ghora saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| ve spaSTa karate haiM ki jo jIva paramArtha ko nahIM jAnate haiM, ve hI jIva ajJAnatA meM saMsAra paribhramaNa ke hetu puNya ko cAhate haiM; kyoMki ki ve mokSa ke kAraNa ko nahIM jAnate haiN| (kha) AcArya yogIndra deva- jo bandha ke kAraNa 'vibhAva pariNAma' evaM mokSa ke kAraNa 'svabhAva pariNAma' ke bheda ko nahIM jAnatA hai, vahI puNya aura pApa donoM se moha karatA hai| koI viralA jJAnI hI puNya ko bhI pApa ke samAna heya jAnatA hai|" (ga) AcArya devasena- nizcaya se donoM hI saMsAra ke kAraNa haiM, ataH puNya aura pApa meM koI antara nahIM hai| (gha) AcArya amRtacandrasUri- jaise eka zUdrA ke do putroM meM se eka brAhmaNa ke yahA~ palakara madirA Adi ko chUne se bhI bacatA hai, aura dUsarA jo zUdrA ke yahA~ palatA hai, vaha madirA se snAna karane meM bhI burAI nahIM maantaa| aisA bheda dikhane para bhI donoM vAstava meM eka hI zUdrA ke udara se utpanna hone ke kAraNa sAkSAt zUdra hI haiN| isI prakAra puNya aura pApa donoM hI heyarUpa Asrava-bandha tattvoM ke bheda haiM, unameM kisI ko acchA yA kisI ko burA mAnanA ajJAna hai|2 (Da) AcArya amitagati- avinAzI, nirAkula sukha ko na dekhane vAle mandabuddhi loga hI puNya aura pApa meM antara mAnate haiN| (ca) AcArya brahmadevasUri- samyagdRSTi jIva ke lie puNya aura pApa donoM hI heya haiN| ___ (cha) paMDitapravara ToDaramala- puNya-pApa donoM hI AkulatA ke kAraNa hone se bure haiM, kyoMki jahA~ AkulatA hai, vahIM dukha hai| ata: puNya-pApa ko bhalA-burA jAnanA ajJAna hai| ___ yadyapi puNya aura pApa donoM pUrNataH samAna nahIM hai aura saMsArAvasthA meM donoM ke sAtha samAna vyavahAra sarvadA sambhava bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki 'tIrthaMkara prakRti' bhI puNya prakRti hI hai, aura usake udaya se hone vAle samavasaraNa, dharmopadeza, U~kAramayI divyadhvani Adi prazastakArya sIdhe-sIdhe 'heya' nahIM kahe jA sakate haiM, phira bhI navapadArtha vivecana ke pIche yahI avadhAraNA hai ki puNya aura pApa-donoM 'Asrava' aura 'bandha' tattva ke vizeSa (bheda) jAnakara mokSamArgI jIva donoM ko samAna rUpa se heya mAne tabhI vaha saMvara-nirjarA rUpa mokSamArga para agrasara ho sakegA, anyathA vaha pApa ke duSpariNAmoM se tattva-mImAMsA :: 169 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #179
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhale hI bhayabhIta ho, kintu puNya kA AkarSaNa use kabhI bhI mokSamArgI nahIM banane degaa| tIrthaMkara bhI apanA hita sAdhana tabhI kara pAte haiM, jaba ve puNyabhAvoM va puNya ke udaya donoM se alipta rahakara Atma-svarUpa meM magna rahate haiN| pramANa-svarUpa samavasaraNarUpI sarvAdhika vaibhava sampanna puNyazAlI dharmasabhA meM ve kabhI deha se bhI use sparza nahIM karate haiM, apitu usase cAra a - aMgula - pramANa Upara rahakara aliptatA evaM nispRhatA ko pramANita karate haiM / cU~ki saptatattva evaM navapadArtha vivecana kA mUla lakSya mokSa-mArga para jIva ko agrasara karanA hai, ataeva puNya-pApa kA heyatva hI yahA~ vivakSita evaM grAhya hai / ina donoM kI bhedadRSTi tathA kisI eka kI sApekSa heyatA - upAdeyatA yahA~ na to vivakSita hai aura na hI grAhya hai 1 yahA~ yaha tathya dhyAtavya hai ki pratyeka darzana kA pravartana kisI na kisI viziSTa lakSya ko lekara usake sAdhana- - hetu hotA hai / sAmAnyataH vyakti duHkha ke vinAza evaM sukha kI prApti ke lakSya se darzana kI zaraNa meM AtA hai / ataH prAyaH pratyeka bhAratIya darzana kA lakSya 'mokSa' rahA hai tathA usakI prApti ke upAya ke pratipAdana meM usakI dArzanikatA caritArtha huI hai| ataeva jainadarzana bhI mokSa ke lakSya ko lekara calA hai aura usakI tattva-mImAMsA isI lakSya ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM pratiphalita huI hai aura isI kA eka anyatama pramANa hai, puNya-pApa ke heyatva pratipAdanArtha prastuta navapadArtha - vivecana / yadi puNya-pApa kI heyatA nahIM batAnI hotI, to navapadArtha - vivecana kA prakalpa hI nahIM hotA, mAtra sapta tattva mImAMsA meM hI bAta pUrI ho jAtI / astu, jainAbhimata tattva-mImAMsA ke cAroM vargIkaraNoM - paMcAstikAya, Saddravya, saptatattva evaM navapadArtha ke vivecana ke uparAnta yaha viSaya bhI tulanAtmaka rUpa se samIkSaNIya hai ki jaina darzana apanI tattva - mImAMsA meM jo-jo bAteM pratipAdita karatA hai; anya bhAratIya darzanoM meM bhI kyA ve isI rUpa meM haiM, yA nAmataH, lakSaNataH yA phalataH bhinna haiM / bhinnatA va samAnatA kI isa tulanA meM mAtra zAbdika aikya yA bheda nahIM dekhA jAnA hai, apitu lakSya evaM bhAva - gata- - aikya evaM bheda bhI nirNIta karanA Avazyaka hai / ataH isI dRSTi se bhAratIya darzanoM kI tattvamImAMsA ke pariprekSya meM jainAbhimata tattvamImAMsA kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana saMkSepa meM yahA~ prastuta hai jahA~ taka 'astikAya' kI avadhAraNA hai, yaha jainadarzana kI nitAnta maulika avadhAraNA hai / isa dRSTi se vastu tattva ko alaga saMjJA kisI bhI anya darzana meM prApta nahIM hotI aura na hI aisA vargIkaraNa anyatra kahIM milatA hai / ataH bhAratIya darzana ko yaha jainadarzana kI maulika dena hai| isI prakAra sapta-tattva evaM navapadArtha kA vargIkaraNa vizuddha dArzanika vargIkaraNa hai, 170 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #180
jisakA lakSya jIva ko mokSamArgI banAnA rahA hai| ataH vastu tattva ko ina saMjJAoM aura isa prakAra ke vargIkaraNoM meM anya kisI darzana ne vivecita nahIM kiyaa| itanA vizeSa hai ki mokSatattva yA mokSa padArtha tathA usake sAdhana ke viSaya meM anya bhAratIya darzanoM meM bhI vivecana prApta hotA hai, inameM prAyaH sabhI darzana kisI na kisI rUpa meM mokSa ko svIkAra karate haiN| jainadarzana samasta karmoM se mukti ko mokSa mAnatA hai, to bauddhadarzana tRSNA ke kSayarUpa abhAvAtmaka pakSa ko mokSa mAnatA hai| bhautikavAdI cArvAkadarzana cUMki AtmA ko hI nahIM mAnatA, to mokSa kisako hogA, phira bhI usane mRtyu ko hI mokSa kI saMjJA dI hai| sAMkhya darzana meM AtmA ke kaivalya bhAva ko mukti mAnA gayA hai| yoga darzana bhI aisA hI mAnatA hai| nyAyadarzana 21 prakAra ke dukhoM se Atyantika nivRtti ko hI mokSa kahatA hai, jabaki vaizeSikadarzana AtmA ke jJAnAdi guNoM ke uccheda ho jAne ko mokSa mAnatA hai| mImAMsAdarzana meM svarga ko hI mokSa mAnA gayA hai aura isakA svarUpa ve dharma-adharma kA nAza hone para zarIra kA nAza honA mokSa mAnate haiN| jabaki vedAntadarzana meM aaptbhaavmokss| bhagavAna ke sAnnidhya meM rhnaa| sat-cid AnandAvasthA ko mokSa mAnA gayA hai| isa mokSa ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM jahA~ jainadarzana samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra rUpa ratnatraya kI ekatA ko mAnatA hai| vahIM bauddhadarzana samyagdRSTi Adi aSTAMgika mArga ko mokSa kA sAdhana mAnatA hai| cArvAka tAttvika rUpa meM mokSa ko hI nahIM mAnatA, ataH mokSa ke sAdhana bhI nahIM maantaa| sAMkhya-darzana vyaktAvyakta viveka jJAna ko hI mokSa kA sAdhana mAnatA hai, jabaki isakA sahayogI yogadarzana jJAna kI parAkASThA rUpa vairAgya RtambharA prajJA asamprajJAta samAdhi ko mokSa kA sAdhana mAnatA hai| nyAyadarzana meM 16 prakAra ke padArthoM ke tattvajJAna se mokSaprApti mAnI gayI hai| vaizeSika darzana meM dravyAdi 6 padArthoM ke yathArtha jJAna se mokSa kI prApti batAI gayI hai| mImAMsA darzana meM vedavihita karma ko mokSa kA mukhya-sAdhana mAnA gayA hai aura AtmajJAna ko usakA sahakArI mAnA gayA hai jabaki vedAnta darzana meM zravaNa-manana-nididhyAsana Adi ko mokSa kA sAdhana mAnA gayA hai| inake atirikta jainadarzana prAtipAdita tattvamImAMsA yA padArthamImAMsA kA anyatra kahIM tulanA-yogya vivecana prApta nahIM hotA hai| ataH 'paMcAstikAya', 'saptatattva' evaM 'navapadArtha' ke vivecana ko hama jainadarzana kI maulika avadhAraNA evaM dArzanika vivecanA kaha sakate haiN| inakA isa rUpa meM ina dRSTiyoM se prayoga evaM nAmakaraNa anya kisI bhI darzana meM upalabdha nahIM hone se tulanAtmaka vivecana sambhava nahIM hai| antataH mAtra 'dravyamImAMsA' hI aisI vivecanA bacatI hai, jisakA hama jainadarzana tattva-mImAMsA :: 171 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #181
evaM anyadarzanoM meM nAma, saMkhyA, lakSaNa, paribhASA evaM prayoga-vyavahAra kI dRSTi se tulanAtmaka adhyayana kara sakate haiN| ata: jainAbhimata dravyamImAMsA kA anya bhAratIya darzanoM meM vivecita dravyamImAMsA ke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana saMkSepataH yahA~ prastuta hai bheda yA prakAra kI dRSTi se jainadarzana dravyoM ke chaha bheda mAnatA haiM, jabaki bauddha darzana 75 bheda taka mAnatA hai| mImAMsA darzana meM ye bheda 6 haiM, jabaki sAMkhya darzana meM 25 prakAra ke padArtha mAne gaye haiN| vaizeSika darzana 7 padArtha mAnatA hai, to vedAnta darzana yA-to advaita-brahma mAnatA hai yA brahma ke sAtha loka kI bhI sattA mAnatA hai| cArvAka darzana meM 4 prakAra ke mahAbhUta mAne gaye haiN| ___ dravyoM kI saMkhyA kI dRSTi se jIvoM ko jaina ananta mAnate haiM, sAMkhya aneka mAnate haiM aura vedAntI eka advitIya sattA mAnate haiM, jabaki bauddha aura cArvAka jIva yA AtmA kI sattA hI nahIM maante| pudgala dravya ko jaina anantAnanta mAnate haiM, jabaki isa vargIkaraNa ke rUpa meM anya kisI darzana meM koI vivaraNa prApta nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra dharma aura adharma dravya jainadarzana meM eka-eka mAne gaye haiM, parantu anya kisI darzana meM inakI koI sattA hI nahIM hai| AkAza dravya ko jaina darzana meM akhaNDa rUpa meM eka aura upacArataH lokAkAza aura alokAkAza ke bheda se do mAnA gayA hai| jabaki anya kisI darzana meM jaina paribhASA ke anusAra AkAza-dravya kA svarUpa prApta nahIM hotaa| kucha darzana zabda-guNa vAle dravya ko AkAza kahate haiM, jabaki jainadarzana zabda ko pudgala dravya kI paryAya kahatA hai| kAladravya ko jainadarzana lokAkAza-pramANa asaMkhyAta mAnatA hai, kintu aise kAladravya kI anya kisI darzana meM vivecanA prApta nahIM hotI hai| __lakSaNa kI dRSTi se jainadarzana jIva kA lakSaNa cetanA yA upayoga mAnatA hai| sAMkhya bhI cetanA yA sAkSIbhAva ko jIva kA lakSaNa mAnatA hai| jabaki bauddha aura cArvAka anAtmavAdI hone se isa viSaya meM mauna haiN| pudgala dravya ke lakSaNa meM jainadarzana jahA~ pratyeka pudgala dravya ko sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNa vAlA mAnatA hai, vahIM vaizeSika inhIM sparzAdi guNoM ko alaga-alaga pudagaloM meM mAnatA hai| udAsIna gati hetutva aura udAsIna sthiti hetutva dharma aura adharma dravyoM ke lakSaNoM ko mAtra jainadarzana meM hI sthAna prApta hai, anya kisI darzana meM isa viSaya meM carcA taka nahIM hai| isI prakAra avagAhanahetu lakSaNa vAle AkAza dravya aura vartanA hetu lakSaNa vAle kAla dravya kI bhI anya darzanoM meM kahIM koI ullekhanIya carcA nahIM miltii| __ pradezasaMkhyA kI dRSTi se astikAya vivecana meM jo vivaraNa chahoM dravyoM ke bAre meM diyA gayA hai| vaha bhI anya kisI darzana meM upalabdha nahIM hai| dravyoM ke vargIkaraNa kI dRSTi se jainadarzana meM jIva dravya ke saMsArI aura mukta ye do mUlabheda mAne gaye haiM, jabaki saMsArI jIvoM se trasa aura sthAvara ye do bheda batAkara 172 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #182
pRthvI Adi pA~ca ekendriya jIvoM ko sthAvara aura do indriya se lekara paMcendriya paryanta jIvoM ko trasa nAma diyA gayA hai| jabaki anya kisI darzana meM aisA vargIkaraNa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| pudgala dravya ke bhI aNu aura skandha,-ye do mUla bheda jainadarzana ne mAne haiN| vaizeSika darzana ke atirikta anya kisI darzana meM isa prakAra kA vivecana nahIM hai| anya dravyoM ke bAre meM jo bheda kI carcA Upara ho cukI hai, vahI antima hai, anya koI navIna vargIkaraNa nahIM milatA hai| sandarbha 1. mUla zarIra ko pUrNataH chor3e binA jIva ke pradezoM kA zarIra se bAhara nikalanA samudghAta kahA gayA hai| 2. AkAza ke jitane kSetra ko avibhAgI pudgala paramANu gheratA hai, use 'pradeza' kahate haiN| 3. saMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAzca pudglaanaam| (tattvArthasUtra, 5/10) 4. asaMkhyeyAH pradezA dhrmaadhmaikjiivaanaam| (tattvArthasUtra, 5/8) 5. draSTavya paMcAstikAya-sAra-saMgraha, gAthA 7-15, pravacanasAra, jJAnatattva prajJApana adhikAra evaM jJeyatattvaprajJApana adhikaar| 6. davvaparivaTTarUvo jo so kAlo havei vvhaaro| ___pariNAmAdIlakkho, vaTTaNalakkho ya prmttttho|| (dravyasaMgraha, 1/21) 7. AlApa paddhati, pRSTha 140, Avazyaka niyukti vRtti 978, nyAya vinizcaya vivaraNa, pRSTha 428, parIkSAmukha sUtra 4/8 8. pravacanasAra, tattvapradIpikA TIkA, gAthA 92 9. paMcAstikAya, tAtparyavRtti, gAthA 16, pRSTha 35 10. paMcAstikAya, tAtparyavRtti, gAthA 16, pRSTha 36 11. nayacakra-vRtti 22, 24 12. niyamasAra tAtparyavRtti, gAthA 168 13. nyAyadIpikA 3/77 14. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, jIvatattvapradIpikA 561, AryA 1 15. tattvArthasUtra 1/7 16. sarvArthasiddhi TIkA 1/2 17. tattvArtharAjavArtika 2-1-6 18. tattvAnuzAsana 111 19. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1-2-6 20. tattvArthasUtra 1/4 21. draSTavya-sarvArthasiddhi TIkA 9/7, bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA 1849, bArasa aNuvekkhA gAthA 67 ityaadi| 22. draSTavya-sarvArthasiddhi TIkA, 6/20, tattvArtharAjavArtika 6-12-7 evaM gommaTasAra karmakANDa ___jIvatattva pradIpikA TIkA gAthA 548 23. draSTavya-bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA 38 kI TIkA evaM paMcAstikAya-saMgraha kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA gAthA 108 tattva-mImAMsA : 173 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #183
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 24. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1-4-27, evaM paMcAstikAya gAthA 28 25. draSTavya-bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA 2133, tiloyapaNNattI, 8/652-658, evaM tiloyapaNNattI 9/3-4 26. vizeSadraSTavya-sarvArthasiddhi TIkA 1/4 tattvArtharAjavArtika 1/4/3 tathA paMcAstikAyasAra ___saMgraha gAthA 128-130 kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA, dravyasaMgraha cUlikA 28/82 27. samayasAra, puNyapApAdhikAra gAthA 146 28. pravacanasAra, gAthA 77 29. samayasAra gAthA 154 30. paramAtmaprakAza 2/53 evaM yogasAra, dohA 71 31. tattvasAra, padya-4 32. samayasAra kalaza 101 33. yogasAra prAbhRta 4/39 34. dravyasaMgraha TIkA, gAthA 38 35. mokSamArga prakAzaka 4/121 174 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #184
anekAnta pro. muni mahendra kamAra anekAntavAda jaina adhyAtma kI saMracanA kA mUlabhUta tattva hai| yaha virodhAbhAoM ke ekIkaraNa ko satya kA vAstavika parimANa mAnatA hai| isaprakAra anekAntavAda virodhAbhAsI satya ke rahasyoM ko ujAgara karane kA sAdhana hai| * eka hI vastu eka hI samaya meM eka hai aura aneka bhI hai| ekatA va anekatA eka meM hI samAhita hai| * samAnatA aura vibhinnatA meM koI virodhAbhAsa nahIM hai kyoMki yaha pUrNa lakSaNa nahIM hai| yaha AMzika aura sImita hai| anekAntavAda satya kI bhinna-bhinna prakRtiyoM kA siddhAnta hai| anya dArzanika satya ke eka pakSa kA poSaNa karane ke lie usake dUsare pakSa se dUra nikala jAte haiN| jabaki anekAntavAda satya ke donoM pakSoM kA samAna poSaNa karatA hai| * koI bhI vastu pUrNarUpa se na to sArvabhaumika hai na hI Antarika, na sthAyI hai aura na asthAyI balki usameM donoM hI lakSaNa vidyamAna hote haiN| * tarka se yaha siddha nahIM hotA ki vastu kA astitva hai yA nhiiN| anubhava se hI nizcita hotA hai ki vastu hai yA nhiiN| jaise gur3a mIThA hotA hai| tarka kevala usI cIja ko kramabaddha va yuktisaMgata karatA hai jise anubhava pradAna karatA hai| * guNa aura paryAya na to pUrNarUpa se padArtha ho sakate haiM aura na inase bhinna ho sakate haiN| binA kisI eka pahalU ke dUsare kA astitva nahIM ho sakatA hai| utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ye satya ke tIna lakSaNa haiN| ye parivartana kI vAstavikatA ke svAbhAvika lakSaNa haiN| jaba satya kA tArkika vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai to yahI tIna tattva sAmane Ate haiN| bauddha ise asvIkAra karake zUnyavAdI ho jAte haiM aura vedAntI ise svIkAra karake brahmavAdI ho jAte haiN| virodhAbhAsa satyatA ke trividha svarUpa meM nahIM, balki inakI soca meM hai| jaina tInoM ko eka sAtha dekhate haiM, jabaki anya inheM alaga-alaga karake dekhate haiN| * udAharaNArtha, eka hI davA eka sAtha davA bhI hai aura jahara bhii| kintu ajJAnI anekAnta :: 175 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #185
ina donoM bAtoM ko eka sAtha svIkAra nahIM krtaa| anekAntavAdI dRSTikoNa vAle vyakti isa bAta ko jAnate hue bhI usa davA kA sadupayoga karate haiN| * kisI vastu ke svarUpa kA nirNaya usake svabhAva aura usakI avasthA vizeSa para nirbhara karatA hai| jaise ghar3A svabhAva kI apekSA miTTI hai aura avasthA kI apekSA ghdd'aa| * parivartana yA rUpAntaraNa una sabhI vastuoM kA mUlabhUta lakSaNa hai, jo satya haiN| * sthAyI samAnatA kI pRSThabhUmi ke binA parivartana ko nahIM samajha skte| jaise (1) merA gA~va pahale se bahuta badala gayA hai| (samaya vahI hai) (2) merA gA~va isa zahara se bahuta badalA huA hai| (sthAna vahI hai) * anubhava ke lie samAnatA aura kramAgata parivartana Avazyaka hote haiN| anekAntavAda bhinna-bhinna pahaluoM ko eka karake dekhatA hai| * parivartita avasthAoM kI zrRMkhalA sambaddha AkAra kA rUpa hotA hai| prakriyA kI prArambhika aura bAda vAlI avasthAe~ samAnatA meM hone vAle parivartana haiM, kyoMki unase eka prakriyA kA nirmANa hotA hai| isa prakAra avasthAoM kA anukrama eka ikAI ke rUpa meM jor3a diyA jAtA hai, jise hama lakSaNoM kI sthAyI samAnatA meM parivartana kahate haiN| * jaina satya kI gatizIla prakRti para vizvAsa kahate haiM / vedAnta parivartana ko AbhAsI mAnakara ina tInoM lakSaNoM ko najaraandAja kara dete haiN| * Real kA honA sIdhA-sAdA nahIM hai| Continuence aura Variation samAna satya * ekatA aura vibhinnatA pUrNa tAratamya ke sAtha hotI hai| * satya ko parivartana kI paryAya meM dekhA jAe to yaha astitva meM AtA hai aura jAtA hai| * virodhAbhAsa AbhAsI hai, kyoMki isase santoSajanaka anubhava aura vicAra paidA hotA * padArtha aura paryAya samAnarUpa se samAna aura bhinna mAne jA sakate haiN| isameM pUrNa svIkAra yA pUrNa asvIkAra jaisI koI bAta hI nahIM hai| jaise miTTI aura ghddaa| * bauddha samAnatA ko jainoM kI taraha nahIM maante| vedAnta bhinnatA ko nahIM mAnatA, jabaki anekAnta donoM kI satyatA ko svIkAra karatA hai va donoM ko satya kA anubhava dvArA pramANita guNa mAnatA hai| * 'hai' yA 'nahIM hai', eka hI zabda dvArA eka hI samaya meM vyakta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isalie ise avAcya bhI kahA gayA hai| 176 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #186
* anubhavagamya jJAna satya para AdhArita hotA hai| jJAnendriyajanya cetanA aura dhAraNA ko milAne se satyatA kA pUrNa jJAna ho sakatA hai| * jaina na to dhAraNA kA virodha karate hai aura na jJAnendriyajanya cetanA kaa| yAni ki vizeSa aura sArvabhaumika eka dUsare meM samAhita haiN| isa prakAra satya vAcika sampreSaNa aura nirNaya ke lie barAbara kA uttaradAyI hai| * padArtha, guNa aura paryAya ke ApasI sambandhoM kI satyatA adhyAtma kA jaTila viSaya hai| jainiyoM kA mukhya viSaya padArtha aura guNa ke ApasI sambandha mukhya dhAraNA hai| yaha sambandha hI hai jo saMsAra meM kramabaddhatA aura saMyoga lAtA hai| pUrvI aura pAzcAtya dArzanika isa sambandha ko nakArate haiN| jainiyoM ke anusAra anubhava ko nakArane se sandeha utpanna hotA hai| yadi hama apane anubhavoM ke pramANa para vizvAsa kareM to sambandhoM kI vaidhatA ko nakArane kI koI sambhAvanA nahIM banatI hai| * anekAntavAdI vicAradhArA ke anusAra satya ananta bahutAyata aura dhAraNAoM kI samAnatA hai| satya eka hI vastu kI ekatA va anekatA meM nihita hai aura isameM nihita satya na kevala pUrNa samAnatA meM hai aura na pUrNa bhinnatA meN| varan ina donoM se bhinna * bahuta se pahalU aura paryAyoM kA eka ho jAnA hI satya hai, yA jaba ekatA va vibhinnatA eka ho jAte haiM taba satya sAmane AtA hai| isIlie padArtha aura usake guNa tathA paryAyoM ke bIca sambandhoM kA adhyayana jainiyoM kI mUla vicAradhArA hai| * Adhunika bhautikI kI yaha mUla anubhUti hai ki koI bhI siddhAnta kabhI bhI satya ke sabhI pahaluoM kI vyAkhyA nahIM karatA aura isIlie yaha kabhI vAstavika sthiti kI pUrNa vivecanA nahIM karatA, kyoMki yaha prAyogika tathyoM ke ekIkaraNa para nirbhara hai| * bhautikavidoM kI taraha jaina dArzanika bhI mAnate haiM ki bhautika vizva mUlarUpa se antaHsambandhita, anyonyAzrita aura abhinna hai| arthAt yaha pUrNatayA antaHsambandhita vyavasthA hai| isake pUrNata: antaHsambandhita hone ke kAraNa kisI super human observer dvArA eka all-embrassing (sabako samAhita karane vAle) anubhava dvArA samajhA jA sakatA hai| vAstava meM hamAre anubhava apUrNa hote haiM, kyoMki ve alaga-alaga hote haiN| isalie hamAre tathya kucha ghaTanAoM ke kucha A~kar3oM ko jor3ane ke prayAsa hote haiM, jo kabhIkabhI pUrNa mukta saMracanA taka nahIM le jA pAte haiN| ye virodhAbhAsI bhI ho sakate hai anekAnta :: 177 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #187
* jabaki satya kA pUrNa paricaya vaha nahIM hai, jisameM sArA kA sArA satya hotA hai aura satya ke alAvA kucha bhI nahIM hotA hai, jo binA kisI virodhAbhAsa vAle pUrNa anubhava para AdhArita hotA hai| . * aura anta meM sabhI bhASAe~ cAhe vaha hindI ho yA gaNita kevala anubhava ke bAre meM carcA kara sakatI haiM aura anubhava kA varNana svayaM anubhava nahIM ho sktaa| * vaijJAnika khoja aura anubhava kI pratyakSa antardRSTi donoM ke sAtha yaha samasyA samAna rUpa se sAmane AtI hai| bhautikI meM ekatA aura anekatA __ bhautika satyatA ke bAre meM hamArI Thosa soca satya kI ekatA va anekatA kI samasyA khar3I kara detI hai| aisA lagatA hai ki hamAre apUrNa aura alaga-alaga anubhava ananta Tukar3e aura maulika aMza prakaTa kara dete haiN| kintu Adhunika bhautikI (jaise kvAMTama siddhAnta) batAtI hai ki hama jisako pUrNa svatantra astitva vAle bahuta sUkSma ikAiyoM meM nahIM tor3a sakate, padArtha ke ati sUkSma kaNa vAstava meM kaNa nahIM hote| yaha kevala AdarzIkaraNa hai| ye prAyogika dRSTi se upayogI ho sakate haiM, kintu inakA koI maulika mahattva nahIM hotA* kvAMTama siddhAnta ke janaka nIla bora bhI kahate haiM Isolated material particles are abstrations (padArtha ke pRthak kaNa amUrta hote * yadyapi kvAMTama siddhAnta kI bhI virodhI parikalpanAe~ haiM phira bhI ve vastuoM aura __ ghaTanAoM ke antaHsambandhita hone ko svIkAra karatI haiN| jainadarzana meM ekatA aura anekatA __ jaina anekAntavAda jisa prakAra pUrNa anekatA ko eka hI satya ke do pahalU mAnatA hai, usI prakAra vaha na to svatantra mUla kaNa ko satya mAnatA hai aura na hI kevala sampUrNa vizva ko satya mAnatA hai| balki vaha inheM eka hI satya ke do pahalU mAnatA dArzanika jagata meM yaha vicAradhArA hai ki saMsAra kI racanA Izvara dvArA huI hai| jainadarzana meM isa mata kA paryApta khaMDana huA hai| jainadarzana kA dRr3ha vizvAsa hai ki vizva kA astitva sanAtana hai, apane Apa banA hai, kisI ne banAyA nahIM hai| 'vizva kI Ayu kyA hai?' isa gUr3ha prazna kA yahI uttara hai| sRSTi kI racanA sambandhI anya mata bhrAmaka haiN| jainadarzana anekAntavAda kI vakAlata karatA hai aura ekAntavAdI dRSTikoNa kA khaMDana 178 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #188
karatA hai| vizva kI nitya-saha-anitya prakRti ko samajhane ke lie jainadarzana meM varNita kAraNatva ke siddhAnta ko samajhanA hogaa| jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka pariNAma ke do kAraNa hote haiM 1. upAdAna kAraNa, 2. nimitta kAraNa svataH pariNAma ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAne vAlA kAraNa upAdAna kAraNa hai aura jo pariNAma utpanna karane meM sAdhana ke rUpa meM kArya karatA hai vaha nimitta kAraNa kahalAtA hai| pratyeka padArtha pratipala rUpAntarita ho rahA hai| isa prakriyA meM pUrvavartI aura anuvartI meM eka krama banA rahatA hai| prArambhika paryAya yA avasthA bhautika kAraNa hai aura bAda vAlI avasthA yA paryAya pariNAma hai| isa prakAra kAraNa aura pariNAma eka hI avasthA ke do rUpa haiN| punazca, rUpAntaraNa ke bhI do pahalU hote haiM-sRjana aura vinaash| jaba pariNAma utpanna hotA hai to bhautika kAraNa samApta ho jAtA hai| tathya yaha hai ki bhautika kAraNa hI apanA rUpa tyAgakara pariNAma kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai| isalie yahA~ kAraNa aura pariNAma kI samAnatA kA siddhAnta lAgU hotA hai| isa prakAra 'sat' se 'sat' utpanna hotA hai 'asat' nhiiN| rUpAntaraNa do prakAra kA hotA hai 1. vaha rUpAntaraNa jo samaya aura prakRti ke dvArA hotA hai, svataH yA prAkRtika rUpAntaraNa kahalAtA hai| isake lie kisI bAhya kAraNa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| 2. kisI bAhya abhikaraNa dvArA hone vAle rUpAntaraNa ko bAhya rUpAntaraNa kahate haiN| yaha prAkRtika yA svata: nahIM hotA hai| ___cU~ki vizva padArthoM kA saMkalana mAtra hai| isalie isakI nityatA va anityatA ko isake saMracaka padArthoM kI nityatA va anityatA ke mAdhyama se samajhA jA sakatA hai| ye chaha padArtha kaise, kaba va kisake dvArA bane, yaha jAnane ke lie sabhI padArthoM ke astitva ko anAdi mAnanA hogaa| arthAt jo sRSTi kI utpatti para vizvAsa karate haiM, usake lie to yaha prazna hamezA rahegA, kintu ise anAdi mAnane vAloM ke lie yaha prazna ucita nahIM hai| vizva ke chaha padArthoM meM hone vAle rUpAntaraNa vizva ke sanAtana hone ko siddha karate haiN| ina chaha padArthoM meM se cAra-dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya aura kAla meM kevala svataH rUpAntaraNa hotA hai| inhIM rUpAntaraNoM ke kAraNa unakA astitva ananta samaya ke lie hotA hai| vizva kI samasta lIlAe~ kevala do hI padArthoM-pudgalAstikAya aura jIvAstikAya ke rUpAntaraNa ke kAraNa hotI haiN| AtmAe~ do prakAra kI hotI haiM- 1. mukta aura 2. saMsArI / mukta AtmAoM meM kevala svataH yA prAkRtika rUpAntaraNa hotA hai| saMsArI AtmAoM meM prAkRtika va nimitta rUpAntaraNa hotA hai, kyoMki AtmAe~ karma pudgaloM se ba~dhI huI anekAnta :: 179 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #189
hotI haiN| karma ke pravAha ke dRSTikoNa se AtmA aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hotA hai| ___karma ke prabhAva ke kAraNa pratyeka saMsArI AtmA ko vibhinna rUpAntaraNoM se gujaranA hotA hai| vizva meM jo vibhinna prakAra ke rUpAntaraNa dikhAyI dete haiM, ve sabhI inhIM saMsArI AtmAoM ke rUpAntaraNoM ke kAraNa hote haiN| yaha sampUrNa dRSTigocara vizva pudgalAstikAya jo ki Adhunika padArtha kA paryAya hai, se banA hai| zeSa pA~ca padArthoM meM hone vAle parivartana se hI vizva meM hone vAle parivartanoM kA bodha hotA hai| __paramANu (padArtha kA adRzya aMza) se lekara sabhI AkAzIya piNDa jaise sUrya, candra, upagraha Adi aba persistence through mode ke siddhAnta ke anusAra ye sabhI padArtha ke paryAya hai| sabhI bhautika piNDoM kA antima kAraNa paramANu hai| ve eka-dUsare se pratikriyA karate rahate haiM aura bhautika saMsAra ko banAte-bigAr3ate rahate haiN| saMsAra kI sabhI bhautika sattAe~ pudgala ke vibhinna rUpAntaraNoM ke kAraNa banatI-bigar3atI rahatI haiN| ye rUpAntaraNa do prakAra ke hote haiM-1. svataH aura 2. nimitt| AtmA aura pudgala ke aneka prakAra ke parivartana aura saMyoga se bahurUpatA AtI hai| ina sabhI rUpAntaraNoM ke bAvajUda antima padArtha astitva meM AtA hai| paramANu aura jIva sanAtana rahate haiN| paramANu aura skandha ke isI siddhAnta ke AdhAra para sAMsArika saMracanAoM kI pratyakSa sanAtanatA kI samasyA ko hala kiyA jA sakatA hai| sAMsArika saMracanAe~ bhI pudgala se banI huI haiN| prazna yaha hai ki ye sthAyI rUpa se kaise banI rahatI haiM? ise pudgala ke rUpAntaraNoM ke AdhAra para samajhA jA sakatA hai| skandhoM kA vizleSaNa aura navInatA prakRti ke niyamAnusAra hotI hai| usI prakAra paramANuoM kA svAbhAvika rUpAntaraNa hotA hai| ina sabhI rUpAntaraNoM se sAMsArika saMracanAoM ke nihita pudgaloM ke naye-naye paryAya banate haiM, kintu rUpabheda ke bAvajUda bhI ina saMracanAoM kA astitva banA rahatA hai| unase pratikSaNa baDI saMkhyA meM paramANu unase milate rahate haiN| kAphI samayAntarAla bAda aisA hotA hai ki eka samaya meM sAMsArika saMracanAoM meM rahane vAle paramANu unase pRthak ho jAtA hai, sAtha hI unameM naye paramANu zAmila ho jAte haiN| isaprakAra yadyapi saMracanA ke paryAya meM parivartana hotA hai phira bhI saMracanA apane Apa meM sthAyI rUpa se astitva meM rahatI hai| prakRti kI uparyukta ghaTanAoM ko bhavana ke udAharaNa se acchI taraha samajhA jA sakatA hai| bhavana ke svAmI aura usake uttarAdhikArI bhavana ke kSatigrasta bhAgoM ko badalate rahate haiN| bhaviSya meM eka dina aisA bhI AtA hai jaba bhavana ke mUla aMzoM (bhAgoM) ke sthAna para naye aMza sthApita kara die jAte haiM, kintu logoM ke lie yaha vahI bhavana hotA hai jo sau sAla pahale thaa| yaha bhI satya hai, ki vaMza paramparA kA anta hai aura 180 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #190
mAnava zakti sImita hai| yadi aisA na hotA to vaha bhavana bhautika jagata kI sthAyI sattA bana jaataa| usI prakAra bhautika sattAoM meM paramANu prakRti ke niyamAnusAra jur3ate aura alaga hote rahate haiN| padArtha kI saMracanAe~ sthAyI rahatI haiN| isa prakAra yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ananta rUpAntaraNoM ke bAda bhI vizva sanAtana rahatA hai| anekAnta ke Aloka meM ANavika bhautikI aura jaina dRSTi ANavika bhautikI aura jaina darzana ke bIca samAnatA evaM pratikUla vicAroM ke ekIkaraNa kA siddhAnta hai| darzana meM eka aura aneka kI samasyA tathA avinazvaratA aura parivartanazIlatA kI samasyA utanI hI prAcIna hai jitanI ki darzana / Adhunika vijJAna meM hAla hI meM hue upaANavika AviSkAroM ne aisI dhAraNAoM ko jo Aja taka eka dUsare ke viparIta aura paraspara virodhI-sI lagatI thIM, ekIkRta kara diyA hai| prAcIna jaina dArzanika paraspara virodhI dhAraNAoM kI sApekSikatA aura dhruvIya sambandhoM se paricita the| pratikUlatA amUrta avadhAraNA hai jo vicAra ke kSetra meM AtI hai aura isa prakAra sApekSa hai| yaha jJAna ki jo hai vahI parivartita ho sakatA hai, hI anekAntavAda ke siddhAnta kA mUla hai| isI prakAra bar3A aura choTA, bhArI aura halkA, ThaMDA aura garma, Thosa aura komala eka dUsare ke dhruvIya viparIta haiN| anekAntavAda ke siddhAnta ke dvArA hI ANavika evaM upaANavika stara para bhautika padArtha ke dvaita aura virodhAbhAsI pakSa ko ThIka se samajhA jA sakatA hai| madhyakAla meM kaI jaina vidvAna hue haiM jo pUrNatayA sAhitya aura adhyAtma meM ruci rakhate the| hAlA~ki unhoMne gaNita, tarkazAstra aura zAyada khagola vijJAna meM yogadAna diyA thA, para vaijJAnika jJAna meM unakA yoga nagaNya thaa| isI bIca Adhunika vaijJAnikI pazcima meM pUrNatayA svatantra rUpa se sthApita ho cukI thI aura cetanA ke astitva ko nakArate hae bhautika upayoga meM lAyI jAne lagI thii| isa taraha pazcima ke Adhunika vijJAna aura pUrva ke pAramparika jJAna ke bIca tulanA kA AdhAra hI haTA diyA gayA thaa| Azcarya hai ki vikhyAta bhautika zAstrI (udAharaNatayA DeviDa bojha aura jaiphrI cyU) isa bAta ko jAna gaye haiM ki brahmAMDa ke Avazyaka tattva cetana ko bhaviSya ke bhautika tathyoM ke siddhAnta meM sammilita karanA pdd'egaa| eka prasiddha bhautika zAstrI, varnara hIjenabarga likhate haiM- "zAyada yaha saca hai ki mAnavIya vicAra ke itihAsa meM sabase adhika saphala vikAsa aksara vahA~ hotA hai jahA~ do bhinna vicAra paddhatiyA~ milatI haiM aura unakI jar3eM sabhyatA ke bhinna kAloM meM, bhinna parivezoM meM yA bhinna dhArmika paramparAoM meM hotI haiN| ata: yadi ve milatI anekAnta :: 181 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #191
haiM arthAt ve eka dUsare se isa prakAra sambandhita haiM ki vAstavika anyonyakriyA sambhava hai to hama AzA kara sakate haiM ki rocaka evaM lAbhakArI parivardhana hoNge|" AdarzavAda aura yathArtha aNu ke bAre meM jaina dRSTikoNa ko ThIka se samajhane ke lie jaina dharma ke yathArtha ke sambandha meM anekAntavAdI dRSTikoNa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| ataH hama saMkSepa meM anekAntavAdI yathArtha ke bAre meM vicAra kreNge| jainadharma ne zAyada eka advitIya jJAnamImAMsA para AdhArita alaukika vicAra paddhati vikasita kI hai jo anubhavavAdI aura anubhavAtIta anubhava ko mAnavIya jJAna ke kSetra meM rakhatI hai| usake anusAra yathArtha svaastitvavAdI, svasaMgata aura svasamAhita hai| yaha apane astitva ke lie kisI bAhya padArtha para nirbhara nahIM krtaa| dUsare, jainadharma sabhI prakAra kI nirapekSatA se svatantra hai| yaha anubhava kI sAmAnya jJAnamUlaka paribhASA ko amUrta tarka ke sAmane heya nahIM mAnatA! tArkika dRSTikoNa kA anubhavavAdI dRSTikoNa se ghaniSTa sambandha hai| isa yathArthavAdI dRSTikoNa kA na kevala anya darzanoM se apitu vijJAna se bhI ghaniSTa sambandha hai| jainadarzana durbhAgyavaza pazcimI vidvAnoM ko Adhunika vaijJAnika vicAroM ke sandarbha meM isa dharma ko paribhASita karane ke lie AkRSTa nahIM kara paayaa| bauddhadharma aura anya bhAratIya darzana aisA kara pAye haiN| __ kaI zAtAbdiyoM se pazcima meM dArzanika dhAraNA kabhI sthAyI nahIM rahI, vaha AdarzavAda evaM yathArthavAda ke bIca jhUlatI rahI hai| pratIta hotA hai ki ina donoM meM antara asamAdhAnapUrNa rahA hai kyoMki ye hara vyakti kI pravRtti aura jhukAva ke kAraNa ba~dhI huI hai| pariNAmasvarUpa eka prakAra kA aTala pratirodha utpanna ho gayA hai| kAnTa aura hogela Adi kI paramparA meM zikSita dArzanika jinhoMne bhAratIya darzanoM kA adhyayana kiyA hai, bhAratIya AdarzavAdI paddhati kI ora adhika sahAnubhUtipUrNa dRSTikoNa rakhate haiN| anekAnta kA svarUpa aneka aura anta ina do zabdoM se milakara banA huA anekAnta zabda jainadarzana kI viziSTa pahicAna hai| aneke antAH dharmAH yasyAsau anekaantH| jaina tattva mImAMsA, pR. 354 182 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #192
arthAt jisameM aneka anta arthAt dharma pAye jAte haiM use anekAnta kahate haiN| isa vizva meM vidyamAna jIvAdi padArtha haiM ve sabhI anekAnta svarUpa haiN| jo koI padArtha asti rUpa hai, vaha pratyeka traikAlika hone ke sAtha-sAtha artha kriyAkArI (apanA prayojanabhUta kArya kare aisA) bhI hai| aura vaha padArtha arthakriyAkArI tabhI sambhava hai, jaba use anekAntAtmaka svIkAra kiyA jaae| ___anekAnta rUpa siddhAnta kA prayojana mAtra itanA hI nahIM, bahuta vizada rUpa se prasiddha hai| pratyeka vastu jaise tat (vahI) svarUpa hai, eka svarUpa hai, nitya svarUpa hai, asti svarUpa hai, vaise hI vahI vastu atat svarUpa, aneka svarUpa, anitya svarUpa aura nAsti svarUpa bhI hai| AcArya amRtacandra deva ne 'AtmakhyAti' TIkA pariziSTa meM kahA hai jo tat hai, vahI atat hai, jo eka hai vahI aneka hai, jo sat hai vahI asat hai tathA jo nitya hai vahI anitya hai| isa prakAra eka hI vastu meM vastupane ko prakaTa karane vAlI, tathA paraspara do virodhI pratIta hone vAlI zaktiyoM kA eka sAtha prakAzita honA hI anekAnta kahalAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI bhI vastu meM mAtra eka dharma nahIM hotA, usameM ananta dharma hote haiM, ananta dharma se yukta vastu hI anekAntAtmaka kahalAtI hai| kisI bhI vastu, ghaTanA, paristhiti yA jIvana kA mAtra eka hI pakSa nahIM hotA hai varan aneka pakSa (pahalU) hote haiM, una aneka pakSoM kA niSedha karate hue yadi eka hI pakSa se vastu, ghaTanA, paristhiti yA jIvana ko dekheM, svIkAra kareM to ekAnta ho jAtA hai| jaba taka samagra dRSTi se vastuoM kA nirIkSaNa nahIM hotA, taba taka una vastuoM, ghaTanAoM Adi se bhalIbhA~ti paricita nahIM ho skte| __vastu se bhalIbhA~ti paricita hone ke lie vastu ke sarvAMgINa svarUpa arthAt samasta pahaluoM se vastu ko samajhanA hogaa| yahI vaiziSTya anekAnta rUpa viziSTa siddhAnta kA pratipAdya hai| dharmArAdhanA kara ke mokSa rUpa phala prApti ke lie to anekAnta ko samajhanA jarUrI hai hii| are! laukika kArya sAdhane ke lie bhI paga-paga para anekAnta ko svIkAra karanA paDatA hai| aura loka meM hama anekAntAtmaka vyavasthA se bahuta acchI taraha paricita bhI haiN| sarvatra prayoga bhI karate rahate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie-eka vyakti bhAI bhI hai, pitA bhI hai, putra bhI hai, pati bhI hai, dAmAda, sAlA, bhAnajA, bhatIjA Adi paraspara viruddha pratIta lakSaNoM vAlA bhI hai| prazna svAbhAvika hai ki eka hI vyakti pitA bhI ho aura putra bhI ho, yaha kaise sambhava hai? anekAnta :: 183 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #193
apekSA kA prayoga isa sambandha meM vyAkulatA rahita kara detA hai| vahI eka vyakti apane bhAI kI apekSA bhAI hai| putra kI apekSA pitA hai, mAtA-pitA kI apekSA putra hai, patnI kI apekSA pati hai, sAsa-zvasura kI apekSA dAmAda, bahanoI kI apekSA sAlA, mAmA kI apekSA bhAnajA evaM aise hI aneka lakSaNoM vAlA hai| apekSA lagA dene para koI vivAda nahIM hotaa| yadi putra apane dAdAjI se kahe ki Apane mere pApA ko beTA kaise kahA to visaMvAda hotA hai, ekAnta hotA hai| vahA~ loka ke samajhadAra puruSa kahate haiM ki jisako maiM apanA beTA kahatA hU~ usa meM se terA pApA panA bilakula naSTa nahIM huA hai, aura anya lakSaNa bhI maujUda haiN| saMzaya ke lie viSaya nahIM rhtaa| vaha saba anaikAntika vyavasthA kI yathArtha samajha kA phala hai| bahu AyAmI padArtha ko jAnane ke lie hameM apanI dRSTi bhI bahu AyAmI banAnI hogii| vizva zAnti ke lie yaha vyavasthA amogha mantra hai| sabhI padArtha apane-apane astitva meM surakSita raheM aura anya kA praveza kisI meM bhI na ho aisI vizva kI adbhuta vyavasthita vyavasthA hai| kisI bhI anya kI dakhalandAjI kisI bhI vastu meM calatI to hai nahIM, mAtra ajJAna se calAne kI koziza hotI hai, yahI kalpanA hai, duHkha hai, saMsAra hai| sabhI vastuoM kI svatantra sattA Adi kI svIkRti anekAnta vyavasthA kI samajha se hI sambhava hai| taba duHkha, kalpanAe~, saMsAra kA svayameva nAza ho jaae| pratyeka vastu ke svarUpa ko nirdezita karate hue jainadarzana meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki pratyeka vastu jaise svadravyAdi kI apekSA se asti svarUpa hai, vaise hI paradravyAdi kI apekSA se asti svarUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki eka dravya meM anya dravya (svajAtIya yA vijAtIyoM) kA atyantAbhAva hai| yadi aisA na svIkAra kiyA jAe to na to pratyeka dravya kA svatantra astitva hI siddha hotA hai aura na hI pratyeka jIva kI bandha-mokSa vyavasthA hI bana sakatI hai| svarUpa se sat tathA pararUpa se asat ityAdi rUpa anekAnta kI pratiSThA hI bhedavijJAna mUlaka hai| aura bhedavijJAna jainadarzana kA prANa hai| udAharaNa ke lie jaba yaha kahA jAtA hai ki ratnatraya hI mokSamArga hai, taba usakA artha yaha bhI hotA hai ki ratnatraya ko chor3akara anya koI mokSamArga nahIM hai| ise aura bhI khulAsA samajheM to yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadyapi jIva anantadharmAtmaka padArtha hai, parantu mokSamArgatA to ralatraya pariNata AtmA meM hI sambhava hai, anya ananta dharmoM se pariNata AtmA meM nhiiN| isa prakAra anekAnta ko aneka dRSTikoNoM se samajhA jA sakatA hai| 184 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #194
anekAnta jaiphrI DI. lauMga bhArata kI dhArmika evaM dArzanika paramparAe~ vizva bhara meM vividhatA ke viSaya meM apanI sUkSmadarzitA tathA mUlyAMkana ke lie sarvavidita haiN| zrI rAmakRSNa ke zabdoM meM "yato mata, tato pth|" Rgveda meM kahA gayA hai-"ekaM sat bahudhA viprA vdnti"| bhagavadgItA (4:11) meM likhA hai-"prANI jisa bhI rUpa meM merI zaraNa meM Ate haiM, maiM unakA usI rUpa meM svAgata karatA huuN| sabhI mArga mujha taka pahu~cate haiN|" sabhI bhAratIya paramparAoM meM se jaina paramparA ne satya evaM vividhatA ke viSaya para vidhivat vicAra kiyA jAna par3atA hai| anekAntavAda, jisakA anuvAda hama bahu-AyAmI zikSA yA bahu-pakSIya jaTila yathArtha ke rUpa meM karate haiM, ahiMsA ke sAtha-sAtha jaina-mArga kA kendrIya siddhAnta hai| isa artha meM hama ahiMsA ko vicAra, zabda evaM karma meM ahiMsA tathA bhautika padArthoM aura sthitiyoM ke lobha yA moha kI anupasthiti- aparigraha ke rUpa meM dekha sakate haiN| ____ hama anekAntavAda kA srota aitihAsika rUpa se bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM meM khoja sakate haiN| jisa prakAra itihAsa ke sabhI yugoM meM vidvAna atyanta gahana evaM kaThina prazna"kyA brahmANDa anAdi aura ananta hai yA isakA koI Adi hai?" se jUjhate rahe haiM, usI prakAra mahAvIra ne bhI isa prazna kA sAmanA kiyaa| "kyA hamArA astitva zArIrika mRtyu ke bAda bhI rahatA hai yA yaha mRtyu ke samaya samApta ho jAtA hai?" isa prakAra ke praznoM ke uttara meM jaina granthoM meM mahAvIra ko kisI eka mata kA haThadharmI se pakSa na lete hue donoM matoM kA pratipAdana karate dikhAyA gayA hai| eka artha meM ve kahate haiM ki brahmANDa anAdi hai, kyoMki yaha sadA se astitva meM rahA hai| dUsare rUpa meM brahmANDa kA Adi hai, kyoMki yaha kaI kalpoM se gujaratA hai, jinake nizcita Adi aura anta haiN| eka artha meM zArIrika mRtyu ke pazcAt bhI hamArA astitva rahatA hai, kyoMki AtmA apanI yAtrA para gatizIla rahatI hai| eka anya artha meM hamArA astitva samApta ho jAtA hai, kyoMki hama usI rUpa meM nahIM rhte| bAda kI zatAbdiyoM meM mahAvIra ke pada-cihnoM para calate hue jaina dArzanika isa prakAra ke praznoM ke viSaya meM unake dRSTikoNa kI nirmiti karate hue anekAntavAda kI zikSA kA anekAnta :: 185 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #195
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org vikAsa karate haiM / dArzanika rUpa meM anekAntavAda jaina paramparA meM AtmA kI prakRti-viSayaka zikSA meM nihita hai / sAMkhya, yoga evaM vedAnta paramparAe~ AtmA ke cira-sthAyI tathA aparivartanazIla caritra para bala dete haiN| buddha kI paramparAe~ cetanA ke nirantara parivartanazIla svarUpa para bala detI haiN| jainadharma kahatA hai ki donoM vAstavika haiM aura inheM nirasta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| AtmA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir Antarika svarUpa aura isakI nirantara parivartanazIla karmAvasthAoM kI anantatA ko nakArA nahIM jA sktaa| AtmA ko sabhI prANiyoM kA svarUpa mAnate hue jaina dRr3hatApUrvaka kahate haiM ki sabhI vastuoM ke aneka pakSa haiM, jinheM sabhI dRSTikoNoM se samAna vaidhatA dI jA sakatI hai 1 186 :: jainadharma paricaya eka artha meM maiM vahI vyakti hU~, jo kucha kSaNa pahale thA / yaha bhI kaha sakatA hU~ ki mere zarIra kI AtmA vahI hai, jo aneka rUpoM meM sadaiva thI / yaha samAna rUpa se satya hai ki maiM vaha vyakti nahIM hU~, jo kucha kSaNa pahale thA / mere cetana kA aMza parivartita ho gayA hai| mujhe vastuoM ke viSaya meM aise anubhava hue haiM, jo pahale kabhI nahIM hue haiM / ataH AtmA kI gambhIra prakRti ke prazna para kaI paramparAoM ke upadeza binA antarvirodha ke bhaya ke satya ho sakate haiM, kyoMki unakA dAvA eka jaTila astitva ke vibhinna pakSoM para kendrita hai| anekAntavAda ke siddhAnta meM vizva meM vyApta vibhinna pratidvandvI dhArmika paramparAoM ke zAnti-pUrNa saha-astitva evaM pArasparika sammAna ke darzana kA AdhAra banane kI sambhAvanA hai / yadi sabhI matoM ke kendra meM satya evaM vAstavika antardRSTi kI khoja sambhava hai, to hama ina paramparAoM ke siddhAntoM kA adhika sahI mUlyAMkana kara sakate haiN| yadi hama vibhinna matoM aura jIvana paddhatiyoM ke anuyAyiyoM ke bIca paraspara sAmaMjasya cAhate haiM, to yaha Avazyaka hai ki jaba taka koI paramparA yaha vizvAsa karatI hai ki vahI satya - dharmA hai, taba taka vaha anya paramparAoM ko kSINa karatI huI svayaM ko unake sthAna para avasthita karanA cAhatI hai| yaha kevala kaSTa ko janma detI hai-- cAhe vaha hamAre dRSTikoNa para AkramaNa ke rUpa meM bhAvanAtmaka ho yA apane se bhinna logoM kA vinAza karane kA prayAsa ho / anekAntavAda eka behatara vizva, jisameM hama anya darzanoM aura dharmoM kI buddhimattA evaM sundaratA kA Adara karate hoM, banAne ke lie eka Avazyaka upAdAna hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #196
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir anekAntavAda banAma syAdvAda DaoN. jitendra bI. zAha anekAntavAda kA prArambhika svarUpa kaisA rahA hogA yaha kahanA atyanta kaThina hai tathApi AgamagranthoM meM prApta ullekhoM ke AdhAra para kucha cintana avazya kiyA jA sakatA hai| prAcIna Agama sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM sAdhu ko kaisI bhASA kA prayoga karanA cAhie isa prazna ke uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki bhikkhU vibhajjavAyaM ca vAgarejjA // 1.4.22 // arthAt sAdhu ko vibhajyavAda kA prayoga karanA caahie| vibhajyavAda kA artha hameM TIkA granthoM se prApta hotA hai aura isI zabda kA prayoga bauddha tripiTaka granthoM meM bhI huA hai / ataH isakA artha samajhane meM ve grantha bhI sahAyaka ho sakate haiM / sarvaprathama hama AgamagranthoM ke samakAlIna tripiTaka granthoM meM prApta vibhajyavAda kI carcA kreNge| dIghanikAya evaM aMguttara nikAya meM vibhajyavAda ke ullekha prApta hote haiM / majjhimanikAya (sutta. 99 ) meM zubha mANavaka ke eka prazna ke uttara meM bhagavAna buddha ne kahA hai ki he mANavaka ! maiM yahA~ vibhajyavAdI hU~, ekAMzavAdI nahIM hU~ | mANavaka kA prazna thA ki maiMne suna rakhA hai ki gRhastha ArAdhaka hotA hai, pravrajita ArAdhaka nahIM hote haiM / isa viSaya meM ApakI kyA rAya hai ? isakA uttara dete hue bhagavAna buddha ne kahA hai ki - gRhastha bhI yadi mithyAtvI hai to nirvANamArga kA ArAdhaka nahIM hai aura tyAgI bhI yadi mithyAtvI hai to vaha bhI ArAdhaka nahIM hai| kintu yadi ve donoM samyak pratipattisampanna haiM, tabhI ArAdhaka hote haiN| bhagavAna buddha ne gRhastha yA tyAgI kI ArAdhakatA evaM anArAdhakatA meM apekSA yA kAraNa ko lekara donoM meM ArAdhakatA aura anArAdhakatA ko sambhava batAyA hai arthAt prazna kA uttara vibhAga karake diyA hai na ki ekAMzI 'hA~' yA 'nA' meM / isI ke AdhAra para ve svayaM ko vibhajyavAdI ghoSita karate haiM aura kahate haiM ki maiM ekAMzavAdI nahIM huuN| isa prakAra apane ko vibhajyavAdI kahate haiM, tathApi ve sarvadA vibhajyavAdI nahIM the| jahA~ ho sakate the vahIM vibhajyavAda kA avalambana lete the / jaina vyAkhyAkAroM ne vibhajyavAda kI vibhinna vyAkhyAe~ kI haiN| hameM cAra vyAkhyAe~ prApta hotI haiM jo isa prakAra haiM ---- (1) bhajanIyavAda arthAt kisI viSaya meM zaMkA hone para bhajanIyavAda dvArA yU~ kahanA anekAntavAda banAma syAdvAda :: 187 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #197
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir cAhie ki maiM to aise mAnatA hU~, parantu isa viSaya para anyatra bhI pU~cha lenaa| (2) syAdvAda, anekAntavAda, sApekSavAda, (3) pRthak arthanirNayavAda, (4) samyak prakAra se arthoM kA naya, nikSepa Adi se vibhAga vizleSaNa karake pRthak karake kheN| jaise dravyArthika naya se nityavAda aura paryAyArthika naya se anityavAda ko / ina arthoM ke AdhAra para hama kaha sakate haiM ki jainazAstrakAroM ke mata se vibhajyavAda kA artha anekAntavAda yA nayavAda yA apekSAvAda yA pRthakkaraNa karake, vibhAjana karake kisI tattva ke vivecana kA vAda hai| apekSAbheda se syAt zabdAMkita prayoga bhI prApta hotA hai / ataH AgamakAla meM vibhajyavAda yA anekAntavAda ko syAdvAda bhI kaha sakate haiM / bhagavAna buddha kI taraha bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI praznoM ke uttara meM vibhajyavAda kA pracura mAtrA meM prayoga kiyA hai| aise kucha praznottara nIce die jA rahe haiM -- gautama - yadi koI aisA kahe ki maiM sarva prANa, sarvabhUta, sarva jIva, sarva sattva kI hiMsA kA pratyAkhyAna karatA hU~, to kyA usakA vaha pratyAkhyAna supratyAkhyAna hai yA duSpratyAkhyAna hai ? bhagavAna mahAvIra - syAt supratyAkhyAna hai aura syAt duSpratyAkhyAna hai / gautama - usakA kyA kAraNa hai ? bhagavAna mahAvIra - jisako yaha bhAna nahIM ki ye jIva hai aura ye ajIva hai, ye trasa hai aura ye sthAvara hai, usakA vaisA pratyAkhyAna duSpratyAkhyAna hai| vaha mRSAvAdI hai, kintu jo yaha jAnatA hai ki ye jIva hai aura ye ajIva hai, ve trasa haiM aura ye sthAvara haiM, usakA vaisA pratyAkhyAna supratyAkhyAna hai, vaha satyavAdI hai / (bhagavatI 21.7, u.2, sU-2901) jayantI - bhaMte sonA acchA hai yA jAganA ? - bhagavAna mahAvIra - jayantI ! kucha jIvoM kA sonA acchA aura kucha jIvoM kA jAganA acchA lagatA hai| jayantI - usakA kyA kAraNa ? bhagavAna mahAvIra - jo jIva adharmI haiM, ve sote raheM, vahI acchA hai, kyoMki jaba ve sote hoMge, taba aneka jIvoM ko pIr3A nahIM deMge, kintu jo jIva dhArmika haiM, unakA to jAganA hI acchA hai, kyoMki ve aneka jIvoM ko sukha dete haiM / jayantI -- bhaMte! balavAn honA acchA hai yA durbala honA ? bhagavAna mahAvIra - jayantI ! kucha jIvoM kA balavAna honA acchA hai aura kucha kA durbala honA acchA hai| jayantI - isakA kyA kAraNa ? bhagavAna mahAvIra - jo jIva adhArmika hote haiM, unakA durbala honA acchA hai, kyoMki ve balavAna hoM, to aneka jIvoM ko duHkha deMge; kintu jo jIva dhArmika haiM, unakA sabala honA acchA hai, kyoMki unake sabala hone se adhika jIvoM ko sukha pahu~cAe~ge / 188 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #198
aise kaI saMvAda hameM bhagavatI sUtra evaM anya Agama granthoM meM prApta hote haiN| isa taraha vibhajyavAda kA mUlAdhAra vibhAga karake uttara denA hai| tathApi bhagavAna buddha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vibhajyavAda meM eka bar3A antara dikhAyI detA hai, vaha hai bhagavAna buddha jaba do virodhI dharmoM ko ghaTAte haiM, taba ve do virodhI dharma eka kAla meM kisI eka vyakti ke nahIM, balki bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM ke haiM, kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ne virodhI dharmoM ko eka hI kAla meM aura eka hI vyakti meM apekSAbheda se ghaTAe haiN| isI kAraNa se vibhajyavAda kA artha anekAntavAda yA syAdvAda huaa| anekAntavAda vibhajyavAda kA vikasita rUpa hai| ___ anekAntavAda- bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya bhinna-bhinna aneka vAda pracalita the, aneka dRSTiyA~ vidyamAna thiiN| sabhI apane-apane pakSa ko sthApita karane meM lage hue the| jIva, jagata aura Izvara ke viSaya meM prazna uThate the| unake nityatva aura anityatva ke viSaya meM vivAda hote the| jIva aura zarIra ke bhedAbheda ko lekara vivAda calatA thA, ina sabhI ke uttaroM ke prati bhagavAna buddha kA dRSTikoNa niSedhAtmaka thA, ve aise praznoM ko avyAkRta kahate the| isase viparIta bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ne una virodhI vAdoM kA samanvaya karake unake svIkAra meM anekAntavAda kI pratiSThA kii|syaavaad ke bhaMgoM kI racanA meM saMjaya belaTThIputra ke vikSepavAda se madada lI gaI ho, aisA dArzanikoM kA mAnanA hai| dIghanikAya (pR. 22) meM saMjaya belaTThIputra ke mata kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| ve kisI bhI tattva ke viSaya meM kisI nizcita mata kA pratipAdana nahIM karate the| vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki yadi Apa pUche- kyA paraloka hai?... aura- yadi maiM jAnU~ ki paraloka hai, to Apako batAU~ ki paraloka hai| maiM aisA bhI nahIM kahatA aura maiM vaisA bhI nahIM sakatA, maiM dUsarI taraha se bhI nahIM khtaa| maiM yaha bhI nahIM kahatA ki yahI nahIM hai| maiM yaha bhI nahIM kahatA ki yaha nahIM hai| paraloka nahIM hai, paraloka hai bhI aura nahIM bhii| paraloka na hai aura na nahIM hai| isI prakAra devatA, karma, muktapuruSa Adi viSayoM kI samIkSA kI gaI hai| ina viSayoM meM saMjaya asti, nAsti, asti-nAsti, na asti- na nAsti ina cAra koTiyoM kA niSedha karate haiN| isa prakAra saMjaya kisI mata kA pratipAdana nahIM karate haiN| isI ko baladeva upAdhyAya ne anekAntavAda hone kI sambhAvanA jatAyI hai, kintu anekAntavAda isase sarvathA bhinna hai, kintu syAdvAda ke bhaMgoM kA AdhAra ke viSaya meM adhika saMzodhana Avazyaka hai| jeNa viNA logassa vi vavahAro savvahA na nivvhi|| tassa bhuvaNekkaguruNo namo annegNtvaayss|| (sanmatitarka. 3.69 TIkA) ___ jisake binA loka vyavahAra kA nirvAha karanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai, aise bhuvana ke ekamAtra guru-tulya anekAntavAda ko namaskAra ho| anekAntavAda kI stuti karate hue AcArya siddhasena divAkara ke sanmatitarka grantha kI TIkA meM prastuta gAthA uddhRta kI gaI hai| saMsAra ke sabhI vyavahAra meM kahIM na kahIM anekAntavAda kA Azraya avazya hI lenA par3atA hai| anekAntavAda ke binA saMsAra kA anekAntavAda banAma syAdvAda :: 189 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #199
sAmAnya vyavahAra bhI sambhava nahIM hai| anekAntavAda sarvatra vyApaka hai, itanA hI nahIM apita anekAntavAda ko guru kI upamA dI gaI hai| guru jisa taraha se ajJAna kA nAzaka evaM jJAnarUpI dIpaka hotA hai, usI prakAra anekAntavAda tattvajJa ke ajJAna kA nAzaka evaM samyagjJAna svarUpI dIpaka kA prakAza hai| isake viparIta jo ekAntavAdI banakara tattva kI khoja karane nikalatA hai, vaha kabhI bhI samyaktva ko prApta nahIM hotA hai| ataH yahA~ anekAntavAda ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| . anekAntavAda kI vyAkhyAdi karane se pUrva hameM bhAratIya dArzanika paramparA kA kiMcit svarUpa jAnanA Avazyaka hai| bhAratIya dArzanika paramparA meM prAcIna kAla se hI sat ke svarUpa ko lekara vibhinna vicAradhArAe~ pracalita rahI haiM / sat kyA hai aura usakA svarUpa kyA hai, -yaha cintana kA viSaya rahA hai| "kisI ne sat ko nitya mAnA hai, to kisI ne sat ko anitya mAnA hai| kisI ne sat ko na nitya aura na anitya mAnA hai, kisI ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA ki sat ke svarUpa kA kathana karanA sambhava nahIM hai| taba kisI ne kahA ki sat nitya aura anitya donoM svarUpa hai| jinhoMne sat ko nitya mAnA ve zAzvatavAdI kahalAe aura jinhoMne sat ko anitya mAnA, ve ucchedavAdI khlaae| yaha paraspara viparIta vicAradhArA hai| isIlie hamAre prAcInakAla ke RSiyoM ne kahA hai ki -ekaM sat viprA bahudhA vadanti / arthAt eka hI sat ko vidvAn bhinna-bhinna rUpa se dekhate haiM aura usake svarUpa kA kathana karate haiN| sat kA vAstavika svarUpa kyA rahA hogA, --yaha eka bahuta hI bar3A prazna rahA hai| sat ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM bahuta hI bar3A rahasya rahA hI hai, kintu jaba usameM Agraha jur3atA hai, taba yaha prazna aura- bhI jaTila bana jAtA hai| koI yaha kahane lage ki sat to mAtra nitya hI hai, anitya sambhava hI nahIM hai aura koI yaha karane lage ki sat anitya hI hai, nitya honA sambhava hI nhiiN| taba aneka dArzanika prazna upasthita ho jAte haiN| AcArya hemacandra ne kahA hai ki ya eva doSAH kila nityavAde vinAzavAde'pi samAsta ev| parasparadhvaMsiSu kaNTakeSu jayatyadhRSyaM jinazAsanaM te|| anyayoga vyavacchedikA-26 nitya ekAntavAda meM jo doSa Ate haiM, ve hI doSa anitya ekAntavAda meM samAna rUpa se Ate haiN| jaba zatru eka-dUsare kA vidhvaMsa karane meM lage rahate haiM, taba jinazAsana (anekAntavAdI zAsana) vijayI hotA hai| nityavAdI sat ko nitya siddha karane meM lage haiM aura anityavAda kA khaMDana karate haiN| anityavAdI-kSaNikavAdI sat ko kSaNika siddha karane meM lage haiM aura nityavAda kA khaMDana karane meM lage haiN| donoM hI vAdI paraspara eka-dUsare ke pakSa kA khaMDana karane meM hI vyasta rahate haiM, kintu padArtha na to sarvathA sat hai, yA na to sarvathA asat hai| padArtha sat bhI hai aura asat bhI hai, arthAt vastu anekAntAtmaka hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka dravya prati-kSaNa uttara 190 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #200
paryAyoM ke hone se utpanna (utpAda) aura pUrva paryAyoM ke nAza hone se naSTa (vyaya) hokara bhI sthira rahatA hai arthAt pratyeka dravya utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka hai| vAcaka umAsvAmI jI ne tattvArthAdhigama sUtra meM sat kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki - __ utpAd-vyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM sat // 5-30 // ___ arthAt -jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya se yukta hai, vahI sat hai| padArtha kA apanI jAti ko na chor3akara nayI paryAya ke hone ko utpAda kahate haiN| jaise miTTI ke piNDa se ghaTa nirmita hotA hai, taba pUrva paryAya kA nAza hotA hai, nayI paryAya kA utpAda hotA hai| tathApi mRd dravya (miTTI) kA apanA svabhAva na chor3anA hI dhrauvya hai| yahA~ piNDa AkAra ke naSTa hone para aura ghaTa paryAya utpanna hone para bhI miTTI kAyama rahatI hai| pratyeka dravya meM ye tInoM dharma eka-sAtha pAye jAte haiN| yahA~ eka bAta vizeSa dhyAnAkarSaka yaha hai ki pratyeka padArtha meM utpAda evaM vyaya sAthasAtha hote hue bhI usameM kucha aMza aisA hotA hai, jo sarvathA eka-rUpa hI rahatA hai, arthAt dravya kI apekSA se padArtha nitya hai aura paryAya kI apekSA se padArtha anitya hai| dravya kI apekSA se koI vastu na utpanna hotI hai aura na naSTa hotI hai| kAraNa ki dravya bhinna-bhinna paryAyoM ke utpanna aura nAza hone para bhI eka-sA dikhAyI detA hai| yaha pratyabhijJA pramANa se siddha hai| kahA bhI hai ki - sarvavyaktiSu niyataM kSaNe kSaNe'nyatvamatha ca na vishessH| satyozcityapacityorAkRtijAti-vyavasthAnAt // - (syAdvAda maMjarI, pR. 198) / arthAt pratyeka padArtha kSaNa-kSaNa meM badalate rahate haiN| phira bhI unameM sarvathA bhinna-panA nahIM hotaa| padArthoM meM AkRti aura jAti se hI nityatva aura anityatva hotA hai| ___ arthAt pUrvaparyAya kA nAza aura uttara paryAya kA utpAda ye donoM eka hI padArtha meM ghaTita hotA hai| ye tInoM kA svabhAva bhinna hai, tathApi ve sarvathA bhinna nahIM haiM / yadi sarvathA bhinna mAnA jAya, to use vastu kA svabhAva nahIM mAnA jAegA aura use sarvathA abhinna mAnane para to padArtha eka rUpa ho jAne se padArtha tIna rUpa kaise ho sakate haiM? isakA samAdhAna karate hue kahA gayA hai ki ye tInoM meM kathaMcit bheda hone se utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya meM kathaMcit bheda hai| sAtha hI sAtha yaha bhI mAnA gayA hai ki ye tInoM bhinna hote hue bhI nirapekSa nahIM haiN| tInoM sApekSa haiM / utpAda ke binA vyaya aura dhrauvya, vyaya ke binA utpAda aura dhrauvya evaM dhrauvya ke binA utpAda-vyaya nahIM pAye jAte haiN| isa prakAra utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya-rUpa vastu kA lakSaNa svIkAra karanA caahie| kahA bhI hai ki - ghaTa- mauli-suvarNArthI naashotpaadsthitissvym| zoka-pramoda-mAdhyasthaM jano yAti shetukm|| payovrato na dadhyatti na payo'tti ddhivrtH| agorasavato nobhe tasmAd vastu trayAtmakam / / - (AptamImAMsA, 59-60) / anekAntavAda banAma syAdvAda :: 191 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #201
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir arthAt ghar3e, mukuTa aura sone ke cAhane vAle puruSa ghar3e ke nAza, mukuTa ke utpAda, aura sone kI sthiti meM krama se zoka, harSa aura mAdhyasthya-bhAva rakhate haiM tathA maiM dUdha hI pIU~gA, isa prakAra kA vrata rakhanevAlA puruSa kevala dUdha hI pItA hai, dahI nahIM khAtA hai, maiM Aja dahI hI khAU~gA, isa prakAra kA niyama lene vAlA puruSa kevala dahI hI khAtA hai, dUdha nahIM pItA hai aura gorasa kA vrata lene vAlA puruSa dUdha aura dahI nahIM khAtA / ataH pratyeka vastu utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya rUpa hai| isa prakAra aneka dRSTAntoM se vastu kI utpAda-vyayadhrauvyAtmakatA siddha kI gaI hai| vastu kI ananta dharmAtmakatA jIva aura ajIva donoM vastue~ anantadharmAtmaka hotI hai| ye trikAla-viSayaka hone se dharma ananta haiN| padArtha meM sahabhAvI dharmoM ko guNarUpa mAnA gayA hai aura kramabhAvI dharmoM ko paryAyarUpa mAnA gayA hai / vastu kA svarUpa hI sahabhAvI dharma evaM kubhAvI dharmoM kA sahaastitva hai / ye donoM dharma ananta haiM, ataH vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hotI hai| jo anantadharmAtmaka nahIM haiM, ve sat nahIM hai / ve sabhI padArtha AkAza kusuma kI taraha asat hI haiM / yahA~ hama jIva kI vivakSA kareM, to jIva meM jJAnopayoga, darzanopayoga, kartRtva, bhoktRtva, ATha madhyapradezoM kI AtmA ke sahabhAvI dharma haiM / sahabhAvI dharmoM ko guNa bhI kahate haiM / vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se sAkAropayoga evaM nirAkAropayoga jIva kA lakSaNa hai| jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga jIva se kabhI alaga nahIM hote haiN| cakSu, acakSu, avadhi, kevala darzana ke bheda se darzanopayoga cAra, mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya, kevala, kumati, kuzruta aura kuavadhi - jJAna ke bheda se jJAnopayoga ATha prakAra kA hai / nizcaya - naya se zuddha akhaMDa kevalajJAna hI jIva kA lakSaNa hai| isa prakAra nizcaya - naya evaM vyavahAra - naya kI dRSTi se jIva meM anantadharmAtmakatA siddha hotI hai| isI prakAra ajIva padArtha ghaTa meM kaccApana, pakkApana, moTApana, caur3Apana, kambugrIvApana, jala-dhAraNa, jala- AharaNa, jJeyapana, nayApana, purAnApana Adi anantadharma rahate haiM / isa prakAra vibhinna nayoM kI dRSTi se pratyeka padArtha meM anantadharma vidyamAna haiN| syAdvAda : ekabhASA paddhati vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hai, kintu anantadharmoM kA kathana karane vAlI koI bhASA nahIM hai| bhASA kI yaha maryAdA hai| bhASA ke dvArA hama kisI eka aMza kA hI kathana kara sakate haiM / vaha ekAMza satya tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba vaha anya aMzoM ke astitva ko svIkAra kareM, anyathA vaha bhASA bhI asatya ho jAtI hai| ataH apanA dRSTikoNa batAte hue bhI anya dRSTikoNoM ke astitva kI svIkRti bhI Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra kI nirdeza paddhati ko jainadarzana meM syAdvAda kahA hai| isa artha meM anekAntavAda kI kathana - zailI ko syAdvAda kaha 192 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #202
sakate haiN| yahA~ jo syAt zabda kA prayoga huA hai usakA viziSTa kArya hai / syAdvAda maMjarI' meM AcArya malliSeNa sUri ne kahA hai ki - syAd iti avyayaM anekAnta-dyotakam // -- pR. 15 syAd zabda avyaya svarUpa hai, vaha na kriyApada hai aura na hI anya / isa avyaya kA artha anekAnta hotA hai, arthAt syAt kA artha sambhAvanA yA zAyada nahIM hotA hai| syAd zabda kA artha hai nizcita dRSTikoNa / anekAntavAda ko dyotita karane ke lie syAdvAda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, arthAt jaba hama kisI vastu ko nitya badala rahe hoM, taba usameM aisA koI zabda jor3anA cAhie, jisase usa vastu meM rahe hue anitya dharma kA abhAva sUcita na hone paae| usake lie pUrvokta syAt zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| syAt zabda kA artha hotA hai amuka apekSA se, isakA paryAvaraNa zabda kathaMcit hai / syAt yA kathaMcit zabda kA prayoga karane se vastu meM rahe hue nityatva Adi zeSa dharmoM kA niSedha nahIM hotA hai| sva-para catuSTaya anantadharmAtmaka vastu meM do paraspara virodhI dharmoM ke astitva kA svIkAra jainadArzanikoM kI viziSTatA hai| eka hI padArtha eka hI samaya meM zItala bhI hai aura usI samaya meM uSNa bhI hai, isa saMbhAvana ko jainadArzanikoM ne nakArA nahIM hai| unhoMne apekSA bheda se donoM virodhI dharmoM kA saha-astitva svIkArA hI nahIM, apitu siddha bhI kiyA hai| eka padArtha apane se adhika zItala padArtha kI apekSA se uSNa hai aura apane se adhika uSNa padArtha kI apekSA se zItala bhI hai| isI prakAra sat aura asat kA astitva bhI svIkArA hai| dravya-kSetrakAla-bhAva se vicAra karane para ghaTa Adi saba padArtha sva dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se sat haiM aura dUsaroM ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI apekSA se asat haiM / yathApaTanA meM zItakAla meM utpanna miTTI kA kAlA ghar3A dravya se miTTI kA hai-mRttikA rUpa hai, kintu jalAdi rUpa nahIM hai| kSetra se paTanA meM banA huA hai, dUsare kSetra kA nahIM hai| kAla kI apekSA se zIta-kAla meM banA huA hai, parantu dUsarI Rtu kA nahIM hai| bhAva kI apekSA se zyAma varNa kA hai, ananya varNa kA nahIM hai, arthAt sva-dravya, sva-kSetra, sva-kAla aura sva-bhAva se dravya sat hai aura para-dravya, para-kSetra, para-kAla aura para-bhAva kI apekSA se asat hai| __ vastu mAtra meM sAmAnya dharma aura vizeSa dharma bhI rahe hue haiN| bhinna-bhinna ghaToM meM ghaTaghaTa isa prakAra kI ekAkAra buddhi utpanna hotI hai| yaha sUcita karatI hai ki sabhI ghaToM meM sAmAnya dharma, ekarUpatA hai| parantu aneka ghaToM meM apanA ghaTa athavA amuka ghaTa kI pahacAna hotI hai| isase sabhI ghaTa eka-dUsare se vizeSatayA, bhinnatA, pRthakatA vAle bhI siddha hote haiN| isa prakAra sabhI padArtha sAmAnya-vizeSa rUpavAle samajhe jA sakate haiN| padArtha kA yaha anekAntavAda banAma syAdvAda :: 193 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #203
sAmAnya-vizeSa svarUpa paraspara sApekSa hai| isa prakAra pratyeka padArtha ko sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhayarUpa mAnanA anekAnta-darzana hai| isa prakAra anekAntavAda ke AdhAra para astitvanAstitva, nityatva-anityatva Adi aneka dharmoM kA samanvaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| syAdvAda zabda kA artha syAdvAda meM do zabdoM kA saMyuktIkaraNa hai, syAt aura vaad| syAt kA artha pUrva meM kahA gayA hai, usa prakAra apekSA yA dRSTikoNa aura vAda kA artha siddhAnta hotA hai| donoM zabdoM kA samudita artha hogA - sApekSa siddhAnta arthAt vaha siddhAnta jo apekSA ko lekara calatA hai aura bhinna-bhinna vicAroM kA ekIkaraNa karatA hai| anekAntavAda, apekSAvAda, kathaMcitvAda, syAdvAda ina-saba kA eka hI artha hai|anekaantvaad aura syAdvAda meM thor3A-sA antara avazya hai aura vaha antara kevala itanA hI hai ki anekAnta eka vyApaka vicAra-paddhati hai aura syAdvAda usakI abhivyakta karane kI nirdoSa bhASA-paddhati hai| syAdvAda kI paribhASA ina zabdoM meM kI gaI hai ki apane athavA dUsare ke vicAroM, mantavyoM tathA kAryoM meM tanmUlaka vibhinna apekSA yA dRSTikoNa kA dhyAna rakhanA hI syAdvAda hai| isako adhika spaSTa karate hue AcArya amRtacandra kahate haiM ki - ekenAkarSantI zlathayantI vstutttvmitrenn| antena jayati jainI-nItirmanthAna-netramiva gopii|| ___ -puruSArtha-siddhyupAya arthAt -jisa prakAra gvAlina manthana karane kI rassI ke do choroM meM se kabhI eka ko aura kabhI dUsare ko khIMcatI hai, usI prakAra anekAnta paddhati bhI kabhI vastu ke eka dharma ko mukhyatA detI hai aura kabhI dUsare dharma ko| isa prakAra AcArya zrI ne atyanta kavitvamayI bhASA meM syAdvAda kI paribhASA kI hai| aSTasahasrI meM isI ko dArzanika zailI meM prastuta kiyA hai yathA pratyakSAdi pramANAviruddhAnekAtmaka vastu-pratipAdakaH zruta skandhAtmakaH syaadvaadH|| - aSTasahasrI arthAt pratyakSAdi pramANoM se aviruddha anekAntAtmaka vastu ko pratipAdita karane vAlI bhASA-zruta ko syAdvAda kahA jAtA hai| vastu ke vAstavika evaM vyAvahArika svarUpa ko samajhane ke lie syAdvAda parama-Avazyaka hai| saptabhaMgI syAdvAda kA saMrakSaNa saptabhaMgI se hotA hai| saptabhaMgI arthAt vacana ke sAta prakAroM kA eka smudaay| kisI bhI padArtha ke lie apekSA ke mahattva ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue satata sAta 194 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #204
prakAra ke vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai| ve sAta vacana isa prakAra haiM - 1. hai, 2. nahIM, 3. hai aura nahIM, 4. kahA nahIM jA sakatA, 5. hai, kintu kahA nahIM jA sakatA, 6. nahIM hai, kintu kahA nahIM jA sakatA, 7. hai aura nahIM, kintu kahA nahIM jA sktaa| isako dArzanika paribhASA meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai1. syAt asti eva 2. syAt nAsti eva 3. syAt asti-nAsti eva 4. syAt avaktavya eva 5. syAt asti avaktavya eva 6. syAt nAsti avaktavya eva 7. syAt asti-nAsti avaktavya eva isa prakAra eka hI vastu meM virodha-rahita vidhi aura pratiSedha kI kalpanA ko saptabhaMgI kahate haiN| kisI bhI padArtha evaM vastu ke viSaya meM sAta prakAra ke prazna ho sakate haiN| isakA kAraNa jijJAsA hai| jijJAsA bhI sAta prakAra kI hI hotI hai| jijJAsA kA kAraNa saMzaya mAnA gayA hai aura saMzaya kA kAraNa vastu ke sAta prakAra ke dharma mAne gae haiM / vastu ke svarUpa ko samajhane ke lie saptabhaMgI atyanta Avazyaka hai| yahA~ ghaTa kA dRSTAnta lekara ke saptabhaMgI samajhane kI koziza kareMge to isa prakAra kA svarUpa banegA 1. ghaTa dravya apekSA se nitya hai 2. ghaTa paryAya apekSA se anitya hai| 3. ghaTa krama-vivakSA se nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai| 4. ghaTa avaktavya hai, arthAt yugapad-vivakSA se avaktavya bhI hai| 5. ghaTa dravya apekSA se nitya hone ke sAtha-sAtha yugapad vivakSA se avaktavya hai| 6. paryAya-apekSA se ghaTa anitya hone ke sAtha-sAtha yugapad vivakSA se avaktavya hai| 7. dravya aura paryAya kI apekSA se ghaTa kramazaH nitya aura anitya hone ke sAtha-sAtha yugapad vivakSA se avaktavya hai| isa taraha saptabhaMgI kA prayoga karane se samasta vastu svarUpa kA paricaya hotA haipArasparika kalaha ko dUra karatA hai| isase sAmpradAyika moha bhI naSTa hotA hai| syAdvAda ko samajhane ke lie saptabhaMgI Avazyaka hai| syAvAda ko samajhane ke lie saptabhaMgI anekAntavAda banAma syAdvAda :: 195 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #205
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 196 :: jainadharma paricaya Avazyaka hai| syAdvAda aura anekAntavAda ko samajhane ke lie saptanaya aura cAra nikSepa kA jJAna bhI Avazyaka hai| anekAntavAda jainadharma kA pramukha siddhAnta hai / jisa prakAra ahiMsA kA sUkSma cintana jaina sAhitya meM prApta hotA hai| usI prakAra anekAntavAda kA gambhIra cintana aneka AcAryoM ne kiyA hai aura vipula sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA hai| vAstava meM dekhA jAya to anekAntavAda kA AdhAra satya hai aura satya kI khoja sabhI AtmArthiyoM ke lie Avazyaka hai / anekAntavAda ke dvArA hameM satya kI prApti ho sakatI hai / isIlie jainadarzana meM anekAntavAda/syAdvAda kA vizeSa vivaraNa prApta hotA hai /

Page #206
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org nyAya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir DaoN. dharmacanda jaina samyaktayA jAnane yogya padArtha ko 'prameya', jAnane ke sAdhana ko 'pramANa', jAnane vAle ko 'pramAtA' tathA prameya ke jJAna ko 'pramA' athavA 'pramiti' kahA jAtA hai / pramANoM ke dvArA prameya padArtha kI parIkSA karane ko 'nyAya' kahate haiM / ' pramANoM se prameya artha ko jAnA bhI jAtA hai tathA jJAta artha ko samyaktayA jAnA hai yA nahIM, - isakI parIkSA bhI kI jAtI hai / bhAratIya cintana - paramparA meM pramANoM kA vicAra prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya darzana karate haiM, kintu 'nyAya' kA vikAsa mukhyatayA agrAMkita tIna paramparAoM meM huA hai(1) maharSi gautama praNIta nyAyadarzana, (2) bauddhadarzana, tathA (3) jainadarzana / gautama (paMcama zatI I. pUrva) praNIta nyAyadarzana kA vikAsa vAtsyAyana (400 I.), udyo (chaThI zatI), vAcaspatimizra ( 841 I.), jayantabhaTTa ( 850 - 910 I.), bhAsarvajJa (930 I.) Adi naiyAyikoM ne kiyA, jisakI antima pariNati gaMgeza (12vIM zatI) se prArambha navyanyAya ke rUpa meM huI, jisakA prabhAva pandrahavIM zatI ke pazcAt racita jainanyAya kI kRtiyoM para bhI dRSTigocara hotA hai / bauddhanyAya kA prArambha diGnAga (470-530 I.) se huA jo dharmakIrti (620-690 I.), dharmottara (700 I.), prajJAkaragupta ( 8vIM zatI), zAntarakSita ( 8vIM zatI), kamalazIla ( 8vIM zatI) Adi dArzanikoM kI kRtiyoM meM vikasita hotA rahA / jainanyAya kA mUla hameM Agama - sAhitya meM dRggocara hotA hai / 'anuyogadvAra sUtra' meM pramANa kA vistRta nirUpaNa, 'bhagavatI sUtra' evaM 'sthAnAMga sUtra' meM pramANa-bhedoM kA ullekha isakA nidarzana hai| vaise jainadarzana meM samyak - jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai, ataH paMcavidha jJAna kA varNana karane vAle 'nandIsUtra', 'SaTkhaNDAgama' Adi grantha bhI pramANavidyA athavA nyAya-vidyA se sambaddha kahe jA sakate haiM, kintu nyAya ke vyavasthita vikAsa meM siddhasena (pA~cavIM zatI) viracita 'nyAyAvatAra' prathama kRti ke rUpa meM upalabdha hotI hai, jisameM mAtra 32 zlokoM meM pramANa-vyavasthA kiMvA jaina nyAya kA saMkSipta nirUpaNa huA hai| siddhasena ke pazcAt bhaTTa akalaMka (720-780 I.) jaina nyAya ke vyavasthApaka AcArya ke rUpa meM prasiddha hue, jinhoMne laghIyastraya, nyAyavinizcaya, siddhivinizcaya, nyAya :: 197 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #207
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pramANasaMgraha, tattvArthavArtika evaM aSTazatI kI racanA kI / inake pUrva sumati (7vIM zatI), pAtrasvAmI (7vIM zatI) Adi dArzanikoM ke grantha carcita rahe, kintu ve abhI anupalabdha haiN| cauthI - pA~cavI zatI meM eka mahAn jaina naiyAyika mallavAdI kSamAzramaNa hue jinhoMne 'dvAdazAranayacakra' meM tatkAlIna anya dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA 12 adhyAyoM meM khaNDana karate samaya bauddha dArzanika diGnAga ke pramANa - cintana kA bhI khaNDana kiyA hai, kintu unhoMne jainadarzana kI ora se pramANa-vyavasthA prastuta nahIM kI / siddhasena, samantabhadra (pA~cavIM zatI), haribhadra sUri (700-770 I.) Adi kI adhikatara racanAe~ mukhyataH anekAntavAda kI pratiSThApaka rahIM / bhaTTa akalaMka ke anantara vidyAnandi (775-840 I.) kI AptaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA, patraparIkSA evaM satyazAsana - parIkSA ko mahattvapUrNa kahA jA sakatA hai| unakI aSTasahasrI evaM tattvArthazlokavArtika TIkAoM meM bhI pramANa-viSayaka carcA samprApta hotI hai / siddharSigaNa ( 9vIM zatI) kI nyAyAvatAravivRtti, anantavIrya (950-990 I.) kI siddhivinizcaya TIkA, mANikyanandI ( 993-1053 I.) ke parIkSAmukha, vAdirAja (1025 I.) ke nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa evaM pramANanirNaya, abhayadevasUri ( 10vIM zatI) kRta tattvabodhavidhAyinI TIkA ( sanmatitarkaTIkA), prabhAcandra (980-1065 I.) viracita nyAyakumudacandra evaM prameyakamalamArtaNDa, vAdidevasUri (1086 - 1169 I.) viracita pramANanayatattvAloka evaM usa para TIkAgrantha syAdvAdaratnAkara, hemacandra (1088-1173 I.) kRta pramANamImAMsA Adi grantha ullekhanIya haiM / inake atirikta jinezvarasUri (10vIM11vIM zatI) ke pramAlakSya, candrasenasUri ( 11vIM-12vIM zatI) racita utpAdAdisiddhi, anantavIrya ( 11vIM-12vIM zatI) viracita TIkAgrantha prameyaratnamAlA, vimaladAsa racita saptabhaMgI taraMgiNI, yazovijaya (17vIM zatI) kRta jainatarkabhASA Adi granthoM ko mahattvapUrNa kahA jA sakatA hai, jisameM pramANoM ke dvArA prameya padArtha kI parIkSA kI gayI hai| inake pazcAt bhI jaina nyAyaviSayaka granthoM kA lekhana calatA rahA / jaina nyAya atyanta samRddha hai| jainadarzanAnusArI pramANaviSayaka granthoM kA samAveza to jainanyAya ke pratipAdaka granthoM meM hotA hI hai, kintu jainetara prameya - padArthoM ke khaNDana tathA jaina darzana meM mAnya tattvamImAMsIya siddhAntoM ke pratipAdana meM bhI pramANoM kA upayoga hone se tatsambaddha grantha bhI jaina nyAya ke grantha kahe jA sakate haiN| isaprakAra jainanyAya kA phalaka vistRta hai / bhAratIya cintana- paramparA meM prAyaH prameya padArtha ko jAnane kA karaNa pramANa ko aMgIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 'prameyasiddhiH pramANAddhi', 'mAnAdhInA meyasiddhi:', 'pramANAdhIno hi prameyAdhigamaH' vAkya isI kI puSTi karate haiM, kintu jaina darzana meM pramANa ke sAtha 198 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #208
naya ko bhI prameya ke adhigama meM sAdhana aMgIkAra kiyA gayA hai,-'pramANanayairadhigamaH' pramANa evaM naya donoM prameya ko jAnane meM sahAyaka haiM, tathA ina donoM ke dvArA artha kI parIkSA kI jA sakatI hai| isalie jainanyAya meM pramANa evaM naya donoM nyAya ke vivecya viSaya haiM, kintu prastuta adhyAya kI sImA hone ke kAraNa isameM pramANa-viSayaka nirUpaNa ko hI pradhAnatA dI jA rahI hai| pramANa-lakSaNa sAdhAraNataH prameya padArtha ko jAnane kA sAdhakatama kAraNa yA karaNa pramANa hai| pramANa se prameya yA jJeya padArtha ko samyaktayA jAnA jAtA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra prAyaH sva evaM para padArtha kA nizcayAtmaka athavA vyavasAyAtmaka-jJAna pramANa kahalAtA hai| yaha samyagjJAna, tattva-jJAna, avisaMvAdaka-jJAna, svArthavyavasAyAtmaka-jJAna, svapara-vyavasAyi jJAna Adi ke rUpa meM bhI paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| 'pramANa' zabda 'pra' upasarga pUrvaka 'mAG mAne' dhAtu se 'lyuT' (ana) pratyaya lagakara niSpanna huA hai / sAdhAraNa 'pramIyate'nena iti' nirukti ke anusAra jisase prameya padArtha kA jJAna kiyA jAya, use pramANa kahA jAtA hai| pramANa prameyajJAna ke lie sAdhakatama kAraNa kiM vA karaNa hai| isIlie pramANa ko paribhASita karane vAle dArzanika 'pramAkaraNaM pramANam' zabdAvalI kA bhI prayoga karate haiN| pramA evaM pramiti prameyajJAna ke hI paryAyArthaka-zabda haiN| pramANa ko prameyajJAna kA karaNa mAnakara hI nyAyadarzana meM indriya, indriyArtha-sannikarSa, sAMkhyadarzana meM indriyavRtti aura mImAMsAdarzana meM jJAtRvyApAra ko pramANa kahA gayA hai| jainamata meM pramANa jJAnAtmaka hotA hai, isalie jainadArzanika indriya, indriyArthasannikarSa Adi ko pramANa mAnane kA khaNDana karate haiN| jainadArzanikoM ke anusAra pramANa hameM heya padArtha ko chor3ane, upAdeya padArtha ko grahaNa karane evaM upekSaNIya padArtha kI upekSA karane kA jJAna karAtA hai, isalie vaha jJAnAtmaka hI ho sakatA hai, acetanAtmaka indriyAdi nhiiN| bauddhadarzana bhI pramANa ko jJAnAtmaka mAnatA hai, kintu vaha nirvikalpaka jJAna ko pratyakSa pramANa aMgIkAra karatA hai, jo jainadarzana ko abhISTa nahIM hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra jJAna savikalpaka hI hotA hai, nirvikalpaka nhiiN| nirvikalpaka jJAna nizcayAtmaka nahIM hone se pramANa nahIM ho sktaa| jainadarzana meM nirvikalpaka to jJAna kI pUrvAvasthA ke rUpa meM 'darzana' ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, jo bhI cetana AtmA kA hI eka guNa hai evaM use nirvikalpaka hone ke kAraNa pramANakoTi se bAhara rakhA gayA hai| jainadArzanika aise nizcayAtmaka jJAna ko hI pramANa aMgIkAra karate haiM, jo saMzaya, viparyaya evaM anadhyavasAya se rahita ho| pramANa evaM jJAna ko sva-para prakAzaka mAnanA jainadarzana kA vaiziSTya hai| jaina nyAya :: 199 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #209
dArzanika kahate haiM ki jo jJAna svayaM ko nahIM jAnatA, usameM bAhya-padArtha ko jAnane kA bhI sAmarthya nahIM ho sktaa| vahI jJAna bAhya-artha kA prakAzaka hotA hai, jo svaprakAzaka bhI ho| sva kA artha yahA~ jJAna athavA jJAna-lakSaNa jIva hai aura inase bhinna jitane padArtha haiM, ve para haiN| pramANa ina donoM kA vyavasAyAtmaka athavA nizcayAtmaka jJAna karAtA hai| gyArahavIM zatI ke pramukha zvetAmbara jainadArzanika vAdidevasUri ne ise 'sva-paravyavasAyi-jJAnaM pramANam' (pramANanayatattvAloka, 1.2) sUtra se paribhASita kara 'sva' evaM 'para' padArtha ke vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai| vyavasAyAtmaka kA artha yahA~ nizcayAtmaka hai| pramANa kA yahI lakSaNa vAdidevasUri ke pUrva dArzanikoM meM bhI pratiSThita rahA hai| kucha vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA hai ki akalaMka, mANikyanandI Adi kucha digambara jaina dArzanikoM ne bauddha evaM mImAMsA darzanoM ke pramANa-lakSaNoM se prabhAvita hokara sva evaM apUrva yA anadhigata padArtha ke vyavasAyAtmaka-jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai, kintu unake dvArA prayukta apUrva yA anadhigata vizeSaNa ko zvetAmbara jaina dArzanikoM ne anAvazyaka samajhakara nahIM apanAyA hai, kyoMki jainamata meM smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi jJAta-artha kA jJAna karAne vAle jJAna bhI pramANa mAne gaye haiN| digambara dArzanika vidyAnandi ne bhI apUrva yA anadhigata vizeSaNa ko vyartha batalAkara sva evaM artha ke vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai| akalaMka ne bhI laghIyastraya meM anadhigata yA apUrva pada kA prayoga kiye binA AtmA evaM artha ke vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa kA mukhya lakSaNa nirUpita kiyA hai|' eka hI prameya padArtha kA nirantara jJAna karAne vAlA dhArAvAhika jJAna bhI jaina darzana meM apramANa nahIM hai| vaha bhI vastu kA nizcayAtmaka jJAna karAne ke kAraNa pramANa hai| AcArya hemacandra kahate haiM ki gRhISyamANa ke samAna gRhItagrAhI-jJAna bhI pramANa hotA hai| bhaTTa akalaMka ne bauddhaprabhAva se pramANa ko avisaMvAdaka-jJAna bhI kahA hai, kintu ve pramANa kI avisaMvAdakatA ko nizcayAtmakatA meM hI paryavasita karate haiN|' prazna yaha hotA hai ki jainadarzana meM jaba pramANa ko jJAna-rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai, to jJAna evaM pramANa meM koI antara hai yA nahIM? ...jaina dArzanika isakA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki jJAna saMzayAtmaka evaM viparyayAtmaka bhI ho sakatA hai, kintu pramANa saMzaya, viparyaya evaM anadhyavasAya se rahita hotA hai| saMzaya se Azaya sandehAtmaka jJAna se hai| viparyaya viparIta yA bhrAnta jJAna ko kahate haiM tathA anadhyavasAya avagraha se pUrva kA Alocana mAtra anizcayAtmaka jJAna hai| saMzaya, viparyaya evaM anadhyavasAya se rahita jJAna ko jaina dArzanikoM ne samyagjJAna bhI kahA hai| isa artha meM samyagjJAna hI pramANa hai| yahA~ samyagjJAna se Azaya Agama meM varNita usa jJAna se nahIM hai jo caturtha, guNasthAnavI yA usake pazcAtvI-jIva ko samyagdarzana pUrvaka hotA hai / tArkika yuga meM jaina dArzanikoM ne samyagdarzana ko AdhAra nahIM banAkara vyAvahArika dRSTi se saMzaya, viparyaya evaM anadhyavasAya se rahita jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai| 200 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #210
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pramANa-bheda pramANa ke do prakAra haiM- pratyakSa, evaM 2. prokss| ina do bhedoM kA sarvaprathama ullekha umAsvAmI ke tattvArtha-sUtra meM huA hai| isase pUrva anuyogadvArasUtra' evaM bhagavatIsUtra' meM pramANa ke cAra bheda pratipAdita haiM- 1. pratyakSa, 2. anumAna, 3. upamAna, evaM 4. aagm| yaha pramANa-vibhAjana 'nyAya-sUtra' evaM 'caraka saMhitA' se prabhAvita hai| 'nandIsUtra' meM jJAna ke do bheda haiM- pratyakSa evaM prokss| jJAna ke ye do bheda hI jaina naiyAyikoM ne pramANa ke bheda ke rUpa meM pratiSThita kiye haiN| pratyakSa ke punaH do bheda haiM- sAMvyavahArika evaM pAramArthika (mukhy)| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke do prakAra haiM-indriya nimitta evaM anindriya nimitt| pAramArthika pratyakSa ke tIna bheda haiM-avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna aura kevljnyaan| inameM avadhi evaM mana:paryaya jJAna vikala-pratyakSa haiM tathA kevalajJAna sklprtykss| parokSa pramANa ke pA~ca bheda haiM- smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura aagm| siddhasena ne nyAyAvatAra meM parokSa-pramANa ke anumAna evaM Agama- ye do bheda hI nirUpita kie haiN| vAdirAja ne nyAyavinizcaya-vivaraNa meM isakA anusaraNa kiyA hai, kintu ve smRti, pratyabhijJAna evaM tarka ko anumAna-pramANa ke gauNabhedoM meM sthAna dete haiN| saMkSepa meM pramukha pramANa-bhedoM ko isa prakAra darzAyA jA sakatA hai tattvArthasUtra meM prApta pramANa-bheda pramANa pratyakSa parokSa zrutajJAna avadhijJAna manaHparyayajJAna kevalajJAna matijJAna uttarakAlIna vibhAjana (bhaTTa akalaMka evaM unake pazcAt) pramANa pratyakSa parokSa sAMvyavahArika pAramArthika (mukhya) smRti smRti indriyanimitta anindriyanimitta sakala pratyakSa vikala pratyakSa pratyabhijJAna kevalajJAna avadhijJAna manaHparyayajJAna tarka anumAna Agama noTa:- sakala evaM vikala-pratyakSa zabda kA prayoga vAdidevasUri ne kiyA hai| nyAya :: 201 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #211
pratyakSa pramANa vizada yA spaSTa nizcayAtmaka jJAna ko jaina dArzanikoM ne pratyakSa pramANa kahA hai| yaha pratyakSa pramANa anumAna Adi parokSa pramANoM kI apekSA vizeSa prakAzaka hotA hai| pratyakSa pramANa se prameya-artha kA jJAna karate samaya anya pramANa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, jabaki smRti, anumAna Adi parokSa-pramANa pratyakSa-pramANa ke Azrita hote haiN| pratyakSa kI eka anya vizeSatA aura hai, vaha hai prameya kA idantayA (yaha pustaka hai Adi) pratibhAsa honaa|' idantayA pratibhAsa eka prakAra se padArtha kA sAkSAt jJAna hai| ___ AgamasaraNi ke anusAra tattvArthasUtra evaM usakI TIkAoM meM indriya tathA mana kI sahAyatA se hone vAle jJAna ko parokSa kahA gayA hai| tadanusAra Agama-varNita pA~ca jJAnoM meM se avadhi, mana:paryaya evaM kevalajJAna hI pratyakSa kI koTi meM Ate haiM, mati evaM zrutajJAna parokSajJAna kI zreNI meM samAviSTa hote haiN|2 pramANa-mImAMsIya racanAoM ke yuga meM jaina dArzanikoM ne nyAya, mImAMsA, bauddha Adi darzanoM ke sAtha pramANa-carcA meM bhAga lene ke lie indriyajJAna ko bhI pratyakSa kI koTi meM lenA Avazyaka smjhaa| ataH jinabhadra evaM akalaMka ne sambhavataH 'nandIsUtra' meM ullikhita indriya-pratyakSa evaM no-indriyapratyakSa bhedoM ke AdhAra para indriya evaM mana ke nimitta se hone vAle jJAna ko sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa nAma diyA aura unheM pratyakSa-pramANa kI koTi meM pratiSThita kara diyaa| pAramArthikapratyakSa ke bhedoM kA Agama se koI virodha nahIM hai| aba pahale sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke donoM bhedoM para vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa indriya-pratyakSa- zrotra, cakSu Adi indriyoM ke nimitta se hone vAle bAhya padArthoM ke spaSTa jJAna ko indriya-pratyakSa kahate haiN| yaha pratyakSa jaba saMzaya, viparyaya Adi doSoM se rahita evaM nizcayAtmaka hotA hai, tabhI pramANa kahA jAtA hai, anyathA vaha pratyakSAbhAsa kahalAtA hai| jainadarzana kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki zrotra, ghrANa, rasanA evaM sparzana,-ye cAra indriyA~ padArtha ko prApta kara arthAt padArtha kA saMyoga prApta kara padArtha kA jJAna karAtI haiN| isalie ye cAroM prApyakArI haiM, kintu cakSu indriya evaM mana padArtha se spRSTa hue binA padArtha se dUra rahakara usakA jJAna karAne meM samartha haiM, ataH ye donoM aprApyakArI haiN| 2. anindriya pratyakSa-mana ko jainadarzana meM anindriya kahate haiN| ata: mana ke dvArA hone vAle bAhya ghaTa, paTa Adi yA bhItarI sukha-duHkha Adi padArthoM ke spaSTa evaM nizcayAtmaka jJAna ko anindriya-pratyakSa kahA jAtA hai| nyAyadarzana meM jahA~ mana AtmA se saMyukta hotA hai evaM indriyA~ mana se saMyukta hotI haiM, tabhI bAhyArtha kA jJAna hotA hai, vahA~ jainadarzana meM AtmA ko mAtra mana ke dvArA bhI bAhyArtha kA pratyakSa jJAna karane vAlA mAnA gayA hai| 202 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #212
hemacandrasUri ne spaSTa kahA hai-sarvArthagrahaNaM manaH (pramANamImAMsA, 1.1.24) / yaha pratyakSa 'manaHparyaya jJAna' rUpa pratyakSa se bhinna hai, kyoMki manaHparyaya jJAna sIdhA AtmA ke dvArA hotA hai, usameM mana karaNa nahIM banatA, jabaki anindriya pratyakSa mana ke mAdhyama se hotA hai| isameM indriyA~ sahayogI nahIM hotI haiN| indriya evaM mana ke mAdhyama se hone vAle sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kI cAra avasthAe~ haiM-avagraha, IhA, avAya evaM dhaarnnaa| avagraha bhI do prakAra hai-vyaMjanAvagraha evaM arthaavgrh| padArtha ke sAtha indriya kA sambandha hone para vyaMjanAvagraha hotA hai| arthAvagraha meM padArtha kA grahaNa hotA hai ki yaha kucha hai| cakSu-indriya evaM mana-padArtha se dUra rahakara, asambaddha rahakara athavA aprApyakArI hokara padArtha ko jAnate haiM, ataH unameM vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotA, mAtra arthAvagraha hotA hai| zeSa indriyoM ke pratyakSa meM donoM prakAra ke avagraha hote haiN| avagRhIta artha ke viSaya meM vizeSa jAnane kI ceSTA IhA hai| IhA-jJAna saMzayapUrvaka hote hue bhI saMzaya-rUpa nahIM hotA, kyoMki yaha saMzaya kI bhA~ti do palar3oM meM nahIM jhuultaa| eka ora jhukA rahatA hai, yathA-ye zabda puruSa ke hone cAhie-yaha IhA-jJAna hai| Ihita padArtha kA nirNaya avAya hai| ye zabda puruSa ke hI haiM-isaprakAra kA nizcayAtmaka- jJAna avAya hai| avAyarUpa meM nirNIta jJAna ke saMskAra ko dhAraNA kahate haiN| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa meM avagraha, IhA, avAya evaM dhAraNA kA nizcita krama hai, kintu ye itanI zIghratA se hote haiM ki pramAtA ko inake krama kA bhAna hI nahIM rhtaa| jAnane kI isa prakriyA kA pratipAdana zikSaNa-vidhi meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| jaba jAnane kI prakriyA avagraha se IhA, avAya evaM dhAraNA taka pahu~catI hai, to chAtra ko par3hA huA acchI taraha sthira ho jAtA hai| jainadarzana kI isa jJAna-vidhi kA zikSA manovijJAna meM vivecana apekSita hai| pAramArthika-pratyakSa ___ pAramArthika-pratyakSa hI jainadarzana meM mukhya pratyakSa hai, kyoMki vaha sIdhe AtmA ke dvArA hotA hai| yaha mAtra AtmasApekSa evaM nizcayAtmaka-pratyakSa-jJAna hai| isameM kisI indriya, mana Adi kI sahAyatA nahIM rhtii| yaha pUrNataH evaM AMzika rUpa se ho sakatA hai| jaba pUrNataH sakala padArthoM kA pratyakSa hotA hai, to use sarva-pratyakSa yA sakalapratyakSa tathA AMzika rUpa se padArthoM evaM unakI paryAyoM ke pratyakSa ko deza-pratyakSa yA vikala-pratyakSa ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| sarva pratyakSa kA eka hI bheda hai- kevalajJAna aura vikala pratyakSa ke do bheda haiM- avadhijJAna evaM mnHpryyjnyaan| ___1. kevalajJAna-jisa jJAna meM vizva ke samasta carAcara padArthoM evaM unakI traikAlika samasta paryAyoM kA hastAmalakavat spaSTa evaM nizcayAtmaka bodha hotA hai, vaha kevalajJAna nyAya :: 203 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #213
hai| jainadarzana meM kevalajJAna hI sarvAdhika pramukha pratyakSa hai| yaha jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, moha evaM antarAya karmoM kA kSaya hone para prakaTa hotA hai| samasta padArthoM evaM unakI paryAyoM ko jAnane ke kAraNa kevalajJAna-prApta jIva ko sarvajJa kahA jAtA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne niyamasAra meM kahA hai ki kevalI bhagavAn saba padArthoM ko vyavahAra-naya se jAnate-dekhate haiM tathA nizcayanaya se kevala AtmA ko jAnate-dekhate haiN| ___ 2. mana:paryaya jJAna- manaHparyayajJAna-rUpa-pratyakSa-jJAna mana:paryayajJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazamAdi rUpa sAmagrI ke nimitta se parakIya manogata artha ko jAnatA hai| manaHparyaya jJAna taba prakaTa hotA hai, jaba saMyama-vizuddhi se manaHparyayajJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama hotA hai| yaha Rjumati evaM vipulamati ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| inameM Rjumati se vipulamati manaHparyayajJAna adhika vizuddha evaM apratipAtI hotA hai| jo jJAna kevalajJAna hone taka banA rahatA hai, use apratipAtI kahate haiN| ___ 3. avadhijJAna- yaha avadhijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se prakaTa hotA hai tathA isake dvArA rUpI-padArthoM evaM unakI paryAyoM kA jJAna hotA hai| yaha bhI indriya evaM mana kI sahAyatA ke binA sIdhA AtmA se hotA hai, kintu mAtra rUpI padArthoM kA jJAna karAne ke kAraNa yaha sImita arthAt avadhijJAna hai| yaha nArakI evaM devoM meM janma se prApta hotA hai, ataH bhavapratyaya kahalAtA hai tathA manuSya evaM tiryaMca meM puruSArtha se prakaTa hotA hai, ataH guNa-pratyaya kahA jAtA hai| isaprakAra avadhijJAna bhavapratyaya evaM guNapratyaya ke rUpa meM do prakAra kA hai| pratyakSa pramANa ke uparyukta samasta bheda Agama meM pratipAdita jJAna ke pA~ca bhedoM se sAmaMjasya rakhate haiN| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke jo indriya-pratyakSa evaM anindriya-pratyakSa ye do bheda haiM, ve matijJAna ke antargata samAviSTa hote haiM, kyoMki mana evaM indriyoM ke nimitta se hone vAlA jJAna matijJAna hI hai| avadhi, mana:paryaya tathA kevalajJAna rUpa pratyakSa to Agama se jyoM ke tyoM gRhIta haiN| parokSa-pramANa yaha pramANa avizada yA aspaSTa hotA hai| pratyakSa kI bhA~ti isameM vizadatA nahIM rahatI, kintu yaha bhI sva evaM para padArthoM kA nizcayAtmaka-jJAna karAtA hai, isalie pramANa kI koTi meM AtA hai| parokSa pramANa ke pA~ca bheda haiM-smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna aura aagm| inameM Agama-pramANa zrutajJAna rUpa hai tathA zeSa cAroM pramANa matijJAna ke hI antargata samAviSTa hote haiN| 'tattvArthasUtra' meM umAsvAmI/umAsvAti ne matijJAna ke paryAya zabdoM meM smRti, saMjJA, cintA aura abhinibodha kI gaNanA kI hai|' bhaTTa akalaMka ne AThavIM zatI meM inakA Azraya lekara kramazaH smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka evaM 204 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #214
anumAna pramANa ko pratiSThita kiyA hai| inameM smRti, pratyabhijJAna evaM tarka kI pramANa rUpa meM pratiSThA kA zreya akalaMka ko jAtA hai, jise uttaravartI zvetAmbara evaM digambara sabhI jaina dArzanikoM ne apanAyA hai| yaha ullekhanIya hai ki smRti, pratyabhijJAna evaM tarka kI pratiSThA karanA jaina dArzanikoM kA pramANa rUpa meM bhAratIya nyAya ko mahattvapUrNa avadAna hai| 1. smRti-pramANa dhAraNA yA saMskAra se udbhUta evaM tat (vaha) AkAra vAlA jJAna smRti-pramANa hai| yaha pratyakSa dvArA anubhUta pUrva jJAna ko viSaya banAtA hai| tadanusAra 'vaha mandira', 'vaha vyakti' Adi ke rUpa meM pUrva jJAta viSaya ko 'vaha' AkAra meM grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna smRti pramANa kahA jAtA hai| sabhI smRtiyA~ pramANa nahIM hotI haiM, kintu jo smRti pUrva anubhUta viSaya kA yathArtha nizcayAtmaka jJAna karAtI haiM, vahI smRti pramANa kahI jAtI haiN| smRti kA prAmANya hamAre lena-dena ke vyavahAra evaM bhASA ke prayoga se bhI puSTa hotA hai| binA smRti ke koI vyakti kisI kArya ke lie nizcita samaya para evaM nizcita prayojana se pravRtta nahIM ho sakatA hai| vastutaH smRti hameM heya, upAdeya evaM upekSaNIya kA bhI bodha karAtI rahatI hai, isalie smRti ko pramANa mAnanA sarvathA vyavahArya hai| smRti ko pramANa mAnakara jaina dArzanikoM ne jaina pramANa-mImAMsA ko sAMvyavahArikatA yA lokopayogitA kI ora bar3hAyA hai| 2. pratyabhijJAna-pramANa ___ yaha smRti evaM pratyakSa kA saMkalanAtmaka jJAna hotA hai| vyavahAra meM ise hama 'pahacAnanA' zabda se jAnate haiN| pUrva anubhava kI smRti evaM vartamAna meM pratyakSa,-ye donoM milakara hI pratyabhijJAna kA svarUpa banate haiN| yaha pratyabhijJAna aneka prakAra kA ho sakatA hai| mukhya rUpa se isake cAra prakAra pratipAdita haiM- ekatva pratyabhijJAna, sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna, vailakSaNya (vaisAdRzya) pratyabhijJAna aura prAtiyaugika prtybhijnyaan| ekatva pratyabhijJAna meM pUrva jJAta artha kA pratyakSa hone para yaha vahI hai'| isa prakAra ekatA kA jJAna hotA hai, jaise-pUrva dRSTa devadatta kA punaH pratyakSa hone para 'yaha vahI devadatta hai'| isa prakAra kA nizcayAtmaka jJAna ekatva-pratyabhijJAna haiN| sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna meM pUrvadRSTa ke sadRza anya artha kA pratyakSa hone para yaha usake sadRza hai' isa prakAra sAdRzya jJAna hotA hai| yathApUrvadRSTa gAya ke pazcAt tatsadRza gavaya kA pratyakSa hone para yaha (gavaya) gAya ke sadRza hai' rUpa meM sAdRzya-pratyabhijJAna hotA hai| vailakSaNya yA vaisAdRzya-pratyabhijJAna pUrva-dRSTa se vartamAna meM pratyakSa ho rahe padArtha kI asamAnatA (visadRzatA) batalAtA hai; udAharaNArtha nyAya :: 205 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #215
pahale gAya kA pratyakSa kiyA thA, usakI smRti abhI kAryazIla hai aura vartamAna meM usase bhinna bhaiMsa kA pratyakSa ho rahA hai, to 'yaha (bhaiMsa) gAya se vilakSaNa (bhinna) hai' rUpa meM vaisAdRzya pratyabhijJAna hai| pUrva-dRSTa padArtha se vartamAna meM pratyakSa ho rahe padArtha kI dUrI yA nikaTatA kA jJAna prAtiyaugika pratyabhijJAna se hotA hai, yathA-'yaha usase dUra hai' aadi| pratyabhijJAna ke ina samasta bhedoM meM pramANa kA sAmAnya lakSaNa ghaTita hotA hai, isalie pratyabhijJAna ke ye sabhI bheda pramANa haiN|| nyAya, mImAMsA Adi darzanoM meM pratipAdita 'upamAna pramANa' kA antarbhAva jaina dArzanikoM ne sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna meM kiyA hai| 'pratyabhijJA' athavA 'pratyabhijJAna' zabda kA prayoga kazmIra zaivadarzana meM bhI huA hai, kintu vahA~ isa zabda kA prayoga AtmasAkSAtkAra yA AtmapratyabhijJAna ke artha meM haA hai| 3. tarka-pramANa ___anumAna-pramANa meM hetu evaM sAdhya kI vyApti kA bar3A mahattva hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne tarka ko usa vyApti kA grAhaka jJAna mAnakara use bhI pramANa ke rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA hai| jaba kisI sAdhya kA hetu ke dvArA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, to hetu kI sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti honA anivArya hotA hai| yadi hetu kI sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti (abinAbhAva niyama) nahIM hai, to hetu se sAdhya-artha kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaise parvata meM sthita 'agni' sAdhya hai aura 'dhUma' usakA hetu hai| dhUma kI agni ke sAtha vyApti hai, kyoMki jahA~ dhUma hotA hai, vahA~ agni avazya hotI hai, agni ke abhAva meM dhUma nahIM hotaa| dhUma aura agni kI vyApti ko jAnane ke lie nyAya-dArzanikoM ne alaukika sannikarSa kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, kintu jaina dArzanika usa vyApti kA jJAna tarka-pramANa ke dvArA kara lete haiN| jahA~-jahA~ dhUma hotA hai, vahA~-vahA~ agni hotI hai, isa vyApti kA grahaNa tarka-pramANa se zakya hai| AcArya vidyAnandi ne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki jitanA bhI koI dhUma hai, vaha-saba agni se utpanna hotA hai aura agni ke abhAva meM dhUma kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai, isa prakAra sakala deza evaM kAla kI vyApti se sAdhya evaM sAdhana ke sambandha kA jo UhApohAtmaka jJAna hotA hai, vaha tarka hai tarka kA hI dUsarA nAma Uha bhI hai| AcArya mANikyanandi ne upalambha evaM anupalambha se utpanna vyApti-jJAna ko tarka kahA hai| upalambha kA artha hai sAdhya ke hone para sAdhana kA honA tathA anupalambha kA artha hai sAdhya ke nahIM hone para sAdhana kA nahIM honaa| tarka-pramANa ke dvArA sAdhya evaM sAdhana kI traikAlika vyApti kA jJAna hotA hai, jo tarka ko pramANa mAne binA sambhava nahIM hai| tarka eka prakAra kA nizcayAtmaka evaM paraspara virodhI jJAna hai, isalie vaha pramANa 206 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #216
smRti, pratyabhijJAna evaM tarka ko pramANa rUpa meM pratipAdita kara jaina dArzanikoM ne pramANa-jagat ko mahAn yogadAna kiyA hai, kyoMki pramANa kA prayojana heyopAdeya artha kA jJAna karAnA hai, tAki pramAtA heya vastu kA tyAga evaM upAdeya kA upAdAna kara ske| smRti evaM pratyabhijJAna isa kArya meM samartha haiM, ataH ye donoM pramANa rUpa loka-vyavahAra ke lie upayogI haiN| tarka ko pramANa rUpa meM pratiSThita kara jaina dArzanikoM ne vyApti ke grAhaka tattva kI samasyA kA sthAyI samAdhAna khoja liyA hai| phalataH tarka-pramANa ke binA jaina dArzanika anumAna-pramANa kI pravRtti svIkAra nahIM karate haiN| vaise jainadarzana meM smRti-pramANa kA phala pratyabhijJAna hai, pratyabhijJAna kA phala tarkapramANa hai aura tarkapramANa kA phala anumAna-pramANa hai| smRti-pramANa dhAraNA (sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke bheda) kA phala hai| 4. anumAna-pramANa cArvAka darzana ke atirikta samasta bhAratIya darzana anumAna-pramANa ko aMgIkara karate haiN| anumAna-pramANa kA hamAre jIvana meM bar3A mahattva hai| hamArI aneka dainika gatividhiyA~ anumAna-pramANa se saMcAlita haiM / jaina dArzanikoM ne anumAna-pramANa ko parokSa-pramANa mAnA hai, kyoMki yaha pratyakSa ke sadRza vizadAtmaka yA spaSTa nahIM hotA aura isameM hetu ke dvArA sAdhya kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai| hetu yA sAdhana ke dvArA sAdhya ke jJAna ko hI jainadarzana meM anumAna-pramANa kahA gayA hai; jaise-dhUma hetu ke dvArA parvata meM sthita agni sAdhya kA jJAna karanA anumAna hai| evaM 'kRtakatva' hetu ke dvArA zabda meM 'anityatA' sAdhya ko siddha karanA anumAna hai| ___anumAna ke do bheda prasiddha haiM-svArthAnumAna evaM praarthaanumaan| yadyapi 'anuyogadvAra sUtra' meM anumAna ke pUrvavat, zeSavat evaM dRSTasAdharmyavat nAmaka tIna bheda pratipAdita haiM, kintu jaina pramANa-mImAMsA meM svArtha evaM parArtha bheda pratiSThita hone ke pazcAt ina tIna bhedoM ko mahattva nahIM milaa| svayaM pramAtA ke lie hetu se sAdhya kA jJAna svArthAnumAna hai tathA jaba pramAtA svArthAnumAna hone ke pazcAt kisI anya ko hetu Adi kA kathana hI karake sAdhya kA jJAna karAtA hai, to use parArthAnumAna kahA jAtA hai| __ svArthAnumAna meM hetu evaM sAdhya do mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka haiN| tIsarA ghaTaka inakA pArasparika avinAbhAva sambandha athavA vyApti sambandha hai, jisake kAraNa hetu dvArA sAdhya kA jJAna hotA hai| aba prazna hotA hai ki hetu kA jaina darzana meM kyA svarUpa hai?...jaina dArzanikoM ne apanI pramANa-mImAMsA ke dvArA bhAratIya darzana ko jo mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA hai, usameM hetu-lakSaNa kA viziSTa sthAna hai| ve hetu kA eka hI lakSaNa pratipAdita karate haiM nyAya :: 207 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #217
aura vaha hai usakA sAdhya ke sAtha nizcita avinaabhaav| avinAbhAva kA artha hai-usake binA isakA na rhnaa| sAdhya ke binA hetu nahIM rahatA, yahI usakA lakSaNa hai| hetu ke binA sAdhya to raha sakatA hai| dhUma ke binA agni raha sakatI hai, kintu agni ke binA dhUma nahIM raha sakatA arthAt dhUma tabhI hotA hai, jaba agni ho| hetu tabhI hotA hai, jaba sAdhya ho| sAdhya ke na hone yA abhAva hone para hetu kA bhI abhAva rahatA hai| hetu kA lakSaNa yahI hai ki usakA sAdhya ke sAtha nizcita avinAbhAva sambandha rahatA hai| avinAbhAva ke artha meM anyathAnupapanna evaM anyathAnupapatti zabdoM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| isalie kucha dArzanika hetu kA lakSaNa pratipAdita karate hue hetu kI sAdhya ke sAtha nizcita anyathAnupapatti batalAte haiN| yahA~ ullekhanIya hai ki pAtrasvAmI, bhaTTa akalaMka, vidyAnandi Adi sabhI jaina dArzanikoM ne bauddhoM ke dvArA pratipAdita hetu ke trilakSaNa (pakSadharmatva sapakSattva evaM vipakSAsattva) kA tathA nyAyadArzanikoM dvArA mAnya hetu ke paMcalakSaNa (uparyukta tIna+asatpratipakSatva aura abAdhitaviSayatva) kA nirasana kara sAdhyAvinAbhavitA svarUpa eka hetu-lakSaNa ko pratipAdita kiyA hai| pAtrasvAmI vilakSaNakadarzana grantha meM kahate haiM anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim| nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim| sAdhya kise kahA jAya? ...sAdhAraNa rUpa se hama jise siddha karanA cAhate haiM, use sAdhya kahate haiM, kintu pramANa-cintaka jaina dArzanika usakI tIna vizeSatAoM kA ullekha karate haiM-1. vaha asiddha yA ajJAta honA cAhie, jJAta ho jAne yA siddha ho jAne para use sAdhya nahIM kahA jA sakatA; 2. pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se vaha bAdhita nahIM honA cAhie, jaise agni meM zItalatA siddha karanA pratyakSa se bAdhita hai, ata: vaha sAdhya nahIM ho sakatA; 3. pramAtA kA use siddha karanA abhISTa honA cAhie- ina tIna vizeSatAoM se yukta sAdhya ko hI hetu ke dvArA siddha kiyA jAtA hai| tIsarA jo mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka hai, vaha hai sAdhya evaM hetu meM vyApti-sambandha / nyAyadArzanika hetu evaM sAdhya ke sAhacarya niyama ko athavA hetu evaM sAdhya ke svAbhAvika sambandha ko vyApti kahate haiN| jaina dArzanikoM ne avinAbhAva niyama ko vyApti kahA hai| jahA~jahA~ dhUma hotA hai, vahA~-vahA~ agni hotI hai, yaha vyApti kA eka rUpa hai tathA jahA~ agni nahIM hotI, vahA~ dhUma nahIM hotA, yaha vyApti kA dUsarA rUpa hai| ina donoM ko avinAbhAvaniyama rUpa vyApti se phalita kiyA jAtA hai| jaina darzana ke hetu-lakSaNa meM bhI isa avinAbhAva ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki hetu ke lakSaNa meM usakI sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti ko sthApita karanA Avazyaka hai| vyApti ko jaina dArzanikoM ne antarvyApti aura bahirvyApti ke bheda se do prakAra kA batalAyA hai| jisa pakSa (sAdhyadeza) meM hetu se sAdhya ko siddha kiyA jAya aura hetu kI usa sAdhya se vyApti usa pakSa (sAdhya 208 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #218
sthala) meM hI ghaTita ho, usake bAhara nahIM, to use antarvyApti kahA jAtA hai| jaise vastu anekAntAtmaka hai, kyoMki vaha sat hai, isa hetu ke sAtha jo vyApti banatI hai, vaha samasta vastuoM rUpI pakSa meM vidyamAna rahatI hai, usase bAhara nahIM jAtI, ata: antarvyApti kahalAtI hai| jo vyApti pakSa (sAdhya-sthala) se bAhara bhI ghaTita hotI hai, use bahirvyApti pakSa (sAdhyadeza) ke bAhara rasoIghara Adi meM bhI hone se bahirvyApti hai| __parArthAnumAna meM dUsaroM ko sAdhya kA jJAna karAyA jAtA hai| dUsaroM ko sAdhya kA jJAna karAne ke lie kevala hetu kA kathana paryApta nahIM hotaa| hetu ke atirikta pakSavacana bhI Avazyaka hotA hai| nyAya darzana meM parArthAnumAna ke lie pA~ca avayavoM kA kathana Avazyaka mAnA hai| ve pA~ca avayava haiM-pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigmn| jaina darzana meM pakSa evaM hetu,-ye do avayava adhika mAnya rahe haiN| isalie parArthAnumAna kA lakSaNa dete samaya vAdidevasUri ne pakSa evaM hetu ke kathana ko parArthAnumAna kahA hai| parArthAnumAna yadyapi vacanAtmaka (kathanAtmaka) hotA hai, tathApi anumAna kI pratipatti kA nimitta hone se ise upacAra se parArthAnumAna kaha diyA gayA hai| parArthAnumAna ke do avayava svIkAra karane meM jaina dArzanika ekAntavAdI nahIM haiN| unake mata meM pratipAdya puruSa kI yogyatA ke anusAra avayavoM kI saMkhyA nirdhArita ho sakatI hai| atyadhika vyutpanna puruSa ko sAdhya kA jJAna karAne ke lie mAtra 'hetu' kathana bhI paryApta hai aura mandamati puruSoM ko jJAna karAne ke lie pratijJA, hetu Adi nyAyadarzana meM pratipAdita pA~coM avayava Avazyaka haiN| jainAcArya bhadrabAhu kI 'dazavaikAlika niyukti' meM daza avayavoM kA bhI ullekha huA hai, kintu unheM uttaravartI jaina naiyAyikoM ne nahIM apanAyA hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne anumAna-pramANa ko vyApaka banAne ke lie hetu ke aneka bheda pratipAdita kie haiN| mANikyanandi ke 'parIkSAmukha' meM hetu ke 22 bhedoM evaM vAdidevasUri ke 'pramANanayatattvAloka' meM 25 bhedoM kA varNana hai| mukhya rUpa se jo hetu haiM, unameM svabhAva, kArya, kAraNa, pUrvacara, uttaracara evaM sahacara hetuoM kA nAma liyA jA sakatA hai| svabhAva hetu svabhAva rUpa hotA hai, yathA-samasta vastue~ anekAntAtmaka haiM, kyoMki unameM aneka guNa-dharma haiN| yahA~ para aneka guNadharmoM kI upasthiti rUpa hetu vastu meM anekAntAtmakatA sAdhya ko siddha karane ke lie svabhAva hetu hai| kArya hetu meM hetu kArya rUpa hotA hai evaM sAdhya kAraNa rUpa, yathA-parvata meM vahni hai, kyoMki dhUma upalabdha hai| yahA~ dhUma vahni kA kArya hai| kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna lagabhaga pratyeka bhAratIya darzana meM svIkRta hai, kAraNa hetu meM kAraNa se kArya kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, jaise-barasane vAle bAdaloM ko dekhakara varSA kA anumAna, dUdha meM cInI milane se miThAsa kA anumAna, aadi| pUrvacara, uttaracara evaM sahacara hetuoM kA sthApana jaina dArzanikoM kI naI sUjha hai| pUrvacara evaM uttaracara hetuoM meM jaina dArzanikoM ne sAdhya ke sAtha kramabhAvI avinAbhAva nyAya :: 209 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #219
svIkAra kiyA hai| sahacara hetu meM ve sahabhAvI avinAbhAva kA pratipAdana karate haiN| jainadArzanikoM kA mantavya hai ki do vastuoM yA ghaTanAoM kA jaba koI nizcita krama ho, to unameM pUrvabhAvI vastu yA ghaTanA ke dvArA pazcAdbhAvI vastu yA ghaTanA kA anumAna pUrvacara hetu se tathA pazcAtbhAvI vastu yA ghaTanA ke dvArA pUrvabhAvI kA anumAna uttaracara hetu se sampanna hotA hai| yathA-pUrvabhAvI kRttikA nakSatra ke udaya se jaba pazcAtbhAvI zakaTa nakSatra ke udaya kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, to kRttikA nakSatra pUrvacara hetu hai, kyoMki vaha zakaTa (rohiNI) nakSatra ke ThIka pahale udita hotA hai| yahA~ zakaTa (rohiNI) nakSatra ko dekhakara yadi kRttikA nakSatra ke eka muhUrta pUrva udaya ho cukane kA anumAna kiyA jAya, to zakaTa nakSatra uttaracara hetu hogA, kyoMki vaha kRttikA kA pazcAtbhAvI hai| sahacara hetu meM sAtha-sAtha rahane vAle do tattvoM meM se eka ke dvArA dUsare kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, yathA-Amra phala ko khAte samaya rasa kA anubhava kara usameM rUpa kA anumaan| rasa aura rUpa sAtha-sAtha rahate haiM, jahA~ rasa hai, vahA~ rUpa avazya hogaa| ataH rasa, rUpa ke anumAna meM sahacara hetu hai| 5. Agama-pramANa __ Agama-pramANa ko anya darzanoM meM zabda-pramANa ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai, kintu jaina darzana meM 'Agama' zabda kA prayoga prasiddha hai| Apta puruSa ke vacanoM athavA unase hone vAle prameya artha ke jJAna ko jaina dArzanika Agama-pramANa kahate haiN| Apta ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hue vAdidevasari kahate haiM ki jo puruSa abhidheya vastu ko yathAvasthita (jo jaisI hai, use vaise hI) rUpa se jAnatA hai tathA jaisA jAnatA hai, use vaisA kahatA hai-vaha Apta hai| Apta puruSa laukika bhI ho sakatA hai aura lokottara bhii| mAtApitA, gurujana, santa Adi laukika Apta puruSa haiM tathA tIrthaMkara, arhanta Adi lokottara Apta haiN| Apta puruSa ke vacanoM se vastu kA yathArtha jJAna yA samyagjJAna hotA hai, isalie unake vacanoM ko upacAra se pramANa mAnA gayA hai| jainAgama pramANa haiM, kyoMki ve arhanta prabhu (Apta) kI vANI haiN| Agama-pramANa zrutajJAna haiN| matijJAna ke AdhAra para to sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa, smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka evaM anumAna-pramANa kA pratipAdana huA hai, kintu zrutajJAna ke AdhAra para mAtra Agama-pramANa kA nirUpaNa huA hai| prameya 'pramAtuM yogyaM prameyam' arthAt jo jAnane yogya hai athavA siddha karane yogya hai, vaha prameya hai| 'pra + mAG + yat' pUrvaka prameya zabda niSpanna huA hai jo jJeya kA artha bhI 210 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #220
detA hai, kintu khAsa bAta yaha hai ki prameya jJeya hokara bhI heya evaM upAdeya ho sakatA hai| saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu prameya hai, aura ve vastue~ saMkhyA meM ananta haiN| pratyeka vastu meM ananta-guNa dharma haiM, jinake kAraNa jaina dArzanikoM ne samasta prameyoM ko anekAntAtmaka kahA hai| vaha anekAntAtmaka prameya sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka, dravyaparyAyAtmaka, nityAnityAtmaka, ekAnekAtmaka Adi aneka rUpoM meM jAnA jAtA hai| jaina darzana meM pratyeka vastu dravya evaM paryAya se yukta mAnI gayI hai| dravya sadA banA rahatA hai evaM usakI paryAya nirantara badalatI rahatI hai| paryAya kA utpAda evaM vyaya hotA rahatA hai, dravya dhruva rahatA hai| isa taraha vastu ko jaina darzana utpAda, vyaya evaM dhrauvya se yukta bhI kahatA hai| dravya ke nitya bane rahane evaM paryAya ke badalate rahane ke kAraNa vastu ko nityAnityAtmaka bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jaina dArzanika vastu kI sadRzatA evaM bhinnatA ke AdhAra para use sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka bhI pratipAdita karate haiN| eka vastu ke jo dharma anya vastuoM se athavA usI vastu kI pUrva evaM uttara paryAya se sAdRzya rakhate haiM, ve sAmAnya tathA jo dharma anya vastuoM se athavA usa vastu kI anya paryAyoM se bhinnatA batalAte haiM, ve vizeSa kahe gaye haiN| pratyeka vastu meM sAmAnya evaM vizeSa dharma vidyamAna rahate haiN| vaizeSika darzana meM pratyeka padArtha sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka hotA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra koI sAmAnya vizeSa se rahita nahIM hotA evaM koI vizeSa sAmAnya se rahita nahIM hotaa| pramANa-phala jaina dArzanika pramANa ke phala ko do prakAra kA nirUpita karate haiM-1. sAkSAt phala evaM 2. paramparA phl| pratyakSa, smRti Adi nivRtti hai| paramparA-phala do prakAra kA hai| kevalajJAna kA paramparA-phala upekSA buddhi tathA anya samasta pramANoM kA paramparA-phala hAna (tyAganA) upAdAna (grahaNa karanA) evaM upekSAbuddhi hai| kisI prameya kA jJAna hone kA artha hai-usa prameya ke sambandha meM ajJAna kI nivRtti| pramANa evaM phala donoM jJAnAtmaka hone ke kAraNa kathaMcit bhinna evaM kathaMcit abhinna mAne gaye haiN| jaina dArzanika kahate haiM ki yadyapi pramANa kA sAkSAt phala ajJAnanivRtti sva-para-vyavasAyI pramANa se abhinna pratIta hotA hai, tathApi pramANa sAdhana evaM ajJAnanivRtti sAdhya hai| ina donoM meM sAdhya-sAdhana kI pratIti hone se ye donoM kathaMcita bhinna haiN| hAna, upAdAna evaM upekSAbuddhi rUpa paramparA-phala pramANa se kathaMcit bhinna pratIta hotA huA bhI eka hI pramAtA dvArA donoM kA anubhava hone se ve donoM kathaMcit abhinna bhI haiN| yadi pramANa evaM phala kathaMcit bhinna evaM kathaMcit abhinna na hoM, to pramANa evaM phala kI vyavasthA nahIM bana sktii| nyAya :: 211 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #221
pramANa kA prAmANya aba prazna yaha hotA hai ki pramANa kI pramANatA kA jJAna kaise ho ki yaha pramANa vastutaH pramANa hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne, isake lie pratipAdita kiyA hai ki pramANa kI pramANatA (prAmANya) kA jJAna abhyAsa-dazA meM svataH hotA hai tathA anabhyAsa-dazA meM parataH hotA hai| jabaki prAmANya evaM aprAmANya donoM kI utpatti parataH hotI hai| indriyAdi meM doSa hone ke kAraNa pramANa meM jo aprAmANya AtA hai, vaha parata: utpanna kahA jAtA hai| aprAmANya-utpanna aprAmANya na ho, to saMzayAdi ke abhAva meM prAmANya hI rahatA hai| prAmANya ko jAnane ke lie anya pramANa kI AvazyakatA na ho, to use svataH-prAmANya kahA jAtA hai| abhyAsa-dazA meM prameya kA doSa rahita jJAna hI usakA svataH prAmANya hai| jaba pramANa ke prAmANya ko jAnane ke lie anya pramANa kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, to use parata:-prAmANya kahA jAtA hai| anabhyAsa-dazA meM yA saMzayAdi kI sthiti meM parataH prAmANya hotA hai| yathA-anumAna se jAne gaye prameya-jJAna kA pratyakSa se prAmANya jAnanA parata:-prAmANya hai|| anta meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina pramANa-mImAMsA kA tArkika jagat meM pUrNa vyavasthApana bhale hI vilamba se huA ho, tathApi usakA bhAratIya darzana meM viziSTa mahattva hai| jJAna ko pramANa-rUpa meM pratiSThita kara jaina dArzanikoM ne jahA~ Agama-saraNi ko surakSita rakhA hai, vahA~ unhoMne pramANa ko laukika jagat ke lie upAdeya bhI banAyA hai| smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi ko pramANa-rUpa meM pratiSThita kara jaina dArzanikoM ne bhAratIya darzana ko mahAn yogadAna kiyA hai| unake dvArA pratipAdita pramANa-lakSaNa, hetu-lakSaNa evaM pUrvacara, uttaracara, sahacara Adi hetuoM kA sthApana bhI bhAratIya nyAya ko mahattvapUrNa avadAna hai| sandarbha 1. pramANairarthaparIkSaNaM nyaayH| -vAtsyAyanabhASya, nyAyasUtra 1.1.1 2. (1) hitAhitaprAptiparihArasamarthaM hi pramANaM tato jJAnameva tt| -parIkSAmukha, 1.2 (2) abhimatAnabhimatavastusvIkAratiraskArakSama hi pramANam, ato jnyaanmevedm| -vAdidevasUri, pramANanayatattvAloka, 1.3 3. prakarSeNa saMzayAdivyavacchedena mIyate paricchidyate vastutattvaM yena tat pramANaM pramAyAM saadhktmm| -prabhAcandra, nyAyakumudacandra, bhAga-1, mANikyacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, mumbaI, 1938, pR. 48.10 evaM hemacandrakRta pramANamImAMsA 1.1.1 4. (1) svaparAvabhAsakaM yathA pramANaM bhuvi buddhilkssnnm| -samantabhadra, svayambhUstotra, 63 (2) pramANaM svaparAbhAsi-jJAnaM baadhvivrjitm| -siddhasena, nyAyAvatAra, 1 5. (1) prmaannmvisNvaadijnyaanmndhigtaarthaadhigmlkssnntvaat| -aSTazatI, aSTasahasrI, solApura, 212 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #222
1915, pR. 175 (2) svApUrvArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM prmaannm| -parIkSAmukha, 1.1 6. tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmajJAnaM maanmitiiytaa| ___ lakSaNena gatArthatvAd vyrthmnyvishessnn|| -tattvArthazlokavArtika, 1.10.77 7. vyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnamAtmArthagrAhakaM mtm|| ___ grahaNaM nirNayastena mukhyaM praamaannymshnute|| -laghIyastraya, 60 8. grahISyamANagrAhiNa iva gRhItagrAhiNo'pi naapraamaannym| -pramANamImAMsA, 1.1.4 9. avisaMvAdakatvaM ca nirnnyaayttm| tadabhAve'bhAvAt tadbhAve ca bhaavaat| -laghIyastrayavRtti, 60 10. vizadajJAnAtmakaM prtykssm| -vidyAnandi, pramANaparIkSA, vIrasevAmandira TrasTa, vArANasI, 1977, __ pR. 37 11. pramANAntarAnapekSedantayA pratibhAso vA vaishdym| -pramANamImAMsA, 1.1.14 12. Adye prokssm| prtykssmnyt| -tattvArthasUtra, 1.11,12 13. (1) iMdiyamaNobhavaM jaM te sNvvhaarpcckkhN| -vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 95 (2) tatra sAMvyavahArikam indriyaanindriynimittm| -laghIyastrayavRtti, 4 14. jANadi passadi savvaM vavahAraNayeNa kevalI bhgvN| ___ kevalaNANI jANadi passadi NiyameNa appANaM / / -niyamasAra, 158 15. matiH smRti:saMjJAcintA'bhinibodha itynrthaantrm| -tattvArthasUtra, 1.13 16. draSTavya, pramANaparIkSA, vIrasevAmandira TrasTa, vArANasI, 1977, pR. 44-45 17. upalambhAnupalambhanimittaM vyaaptijnyaanmuuhH| -parIkSAmukha, 3.7 18. sAdhyAvinAbhAvitvena nizcito hetuH| -parIkSAmukha, 3.11 19. (1) yatra dhUmastatrAgniriti sAhacaryaniyamo vyaaptiH| -kezavamizra, tarkabhASA, anumAnanirUpaNa ___(2) svAbhAvikazca sambandho vyaaptiH| -tarkabhASA, anumAnanirUpaNa 20. daza avayavoM ke nAma do prakAra se ullikhita haiN| prathama prakAra meM-1. pratijJA, 2. pratijJAvizuddhi, 3. hetu, 4. hetuvizuddhi, 5. dRSTAnta, 6. dRSTAntavizuddhi, 7. upasaMhAra, 8. upasaMhAravizuddhi, 9. nigamana evaM, 10. nigamanavizuddhi kA ullekha hai| dvitIya prakAra meM-1. pratijJA, 2. pratijJAvibhakti, 3. hetu, 4. hetuvibhakti, 5. vipakSa, 6. vipakSapratiSedha, 7. dRSTAnta, 8. AzaMkA, 9. AzaMkApratiSedha evaM 10. nigamana kA nirUpaNa hai| vAtsyAyana ke 'nyAyabhASya' meM bhI daza avayavoM kA ullekha milatA hai, kintu unameM pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya evaM nigamana ke atirikta jijJAsA, saMzaya, zakyaprApti, prayojana evaM saMzayavyudAsa kI gaNanA kI gayI hai| -draSTavya, nyAyabhASya 1.1.32 nyAya :: 213 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #223
pramANa, naya aura nikSepa DaoN. narendrakumAra jaina pramANa kI aitihAsika pRSThabhUmi bhAratIya darzanoM meM vibhinna darzana-paddhatiyoM evaM unakI vibhinna samasyAoM se sambandhita cintana kA kramabaddha prAmANika itihAsa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| vizeSa rUpa se jainadarzana meM pramANamImAMsA kA jaisA vizada, praur3ha evaM gambhIra vivecana pramANa-prasthApaka AcAryoM ne kiyA hai, vaisA mUlyAMkana bhAratIya darzana ke itihAsa-lekhakoM ne nahIM kiyA hai| antaradArzanika paddhatiyoM ke sAtha jainadarzana ke aitihAsika krama kI tattvAbhinivezI, talasparzI, vastupAtI dRSTi jisa rUpa meM sthApita honA cAhie, usa rUpa meM nahIM ho paayii| yadyapi jainavidyA ke gaveSaka, samIkSaka evaM itihAsa-lekhaka manISiyoM ne pramANamImAMsA aura tattva-mImAMsA ke antargata sambandhita viSayoM para aitihAsika dRSTi se prakAza DAlA hai, parantu vaha bhAratIya darzanoM ke aitihAsika sandarbha meM mUlyAMkana hetu aparyApta hai| AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki mUla granthoM ke gambhIra adhyayanapUrvaka jainetara evaM pAzcAtya darzanoM ke sAtha jaina pramANa-siddhAntoM kI tulanAtmaka samIkSA karate hue bhAratIya darzanoM ke itihAsa meM mUlyAMkana hetu Thosa kArya-yojanA taiyAra kI jAnI caahie| dArzanika-yuga kI pramANa-vyavasthA se pUrva prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM kI dRSTi ke mUla meM jar3a aura cetana kI svatantra vAstavikatA hai| inake svarUpa aura pArasparika sambandha ke viSaya meM die gaye mantavyoM meM jaba antara kiyA gayA, taba usake prAmANika svarUpa ko siddha karane ke lie sabhI dArzanika sampradAyoM ne kasauTI ke rUpa meM apaneapane mAnaka nirdhArita kiye| usa mAnaka kA prArambhika rUpa vidyA-avidyA, jJAna-ajJAna, samyak-mithyA, alaukika-laukika, parA-aparA vidyA Adi kucha bhI rahA ho, dArzanika yuga meM vaha mAnaka pramANa-apramANa ke rUpa meM sabhI sampradAyoM meM mAnya huA, parantu usake antaraMga svarUpa meM ekarUpatA sthApita nahIM ho skii| pramANa zabda pramiti-jJAna aura usake sAdhana ke lie prayukta huaa| 'pramANa' zabda-prayoga se pUrva pramANa ke dvArA kiyA jAnevAlA kArya, kina zabdoM ke prayoga dvArA kisa rUpa meM kiyA jAtA rahA, jJAna aura jJAna ke sAdhanoM kA vikAsa kaba huA, isake Adi pravartaka kauna haiM...? Adi 214 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #224
praznoM kA tarka-saMgata uttara denA kaThina hai| yadyapi vibhinna dArzanika paramparAoM meM inake alaga alaga sAmpradAyika samAdhAna haiM, parantu pratIta hotA hai ki mAnava ne jaba svayaM evaM anya bAhya jagat ke sambandha meM apanI viveka-buddhi kA prayoga kiyA hogA, tabhI se jJAna aura jJAna ke sAdhanoM kA prayoga prArambha huA hogaa| jJAta ho ki dArzanika sampradAyoM ke AdhAra para aitihAsika nirNaya para pahu~cane meM sabase bar3I bAdhA apane sampradAya ke prati andha-zraddhA hai| jaba ve yukti-tarka ke bala para kisI niSkarSa para nahIM pahu~cate, taba ve use apane sampradAya ke pravartaka kI vANI kahakara yA AgamazAstra Adi kA ullekha batAkara usakI yathArthatA siddha karate haiN| ...parantu bhAratIya darzanoM meM jainadarzana kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha andha-zraddhA ko sthAna nahIM detaa| jainAcAryoM ne spaSTa ghoSaNA kI hai ki jinake vacana yukti aura zAstra se avirodhI hoM, vahI Apta haiM aura unake hI vacana prAmANika ho sakate haiN| aise Apta ke vacana jina zAstroM, AgamoM meM nibaddha hoM, unase vivAdita viSaya kI prAmANikatA siddha kI jA sakatI hai| jainAcAryoM ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki Agama se ahetugamya tattvoM kI prAmANikatA siddha hotI hai tathA hetugamya tattvoM kI prAmANikatA yukti aura tarka bala se siddha hotI hai| pramANa kA svarUpa jainadarzana meM pramANa ke vikasita svarUpa ke pUrva samagra-cintana kI paramparA tIrthaMkaroM kI dezanA se jur3I hai, jisakA sarvaprathama upalabdha rUpa dvAdazAMga-AgamoM meM dekhA jA sakatA thA, digambara aura zvetAmbara ke rUpa meM vibhAjita paramparAoM dvArA kramaza: gyAraha aMgoM kA uccheda evaM AvirbhAva mAnane ke kAraNa, mUlabhUta siddhAntoM meM prAyaH samAnatA hone para bhI pramANa, pramANa-bheda, naya Adi dArzanika tattvoM kI aitihAsikatA ke sandarbha meM matabheda dRSTigocara hote haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM mAnya AgamoM meM pramANa, pramANabheda, naya Adi kI vistRta carcA upalabdha hotI hai, parantu digambara paramparA meM umAsvAmI se pUrva pramANa kA vaisA vivecana nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| pramANa, naya Adi ke dArzanika zailI meM vivecana se pUrva inake vikAsa kA pramukha AdhAra jJAna kA vivecana AtmA kI kramika-vizuddhatA ko kendra-bindu banAkara Agamika zailI meM kiyA jAtA rahA hai| AtmA kA jJAna jitane aMzoM meM Atma-sApekSa evaM jitane aMzoM meM indriya-sApekSa hokara prakaTa hotA hai, usI ke AdhAra para utane aMzoM meM usakI kramika-prAmANikatA kA nirNaya kiyA jAtA rhaa| pramANa ke bheda nirdhAraNa karane meM bhI yahI saiddhAntika mAnyatA AdhAra bnii| dArzanika yuga se pUrva digambara Agamika paramparA meM pramANa kA kArya jJAna ke dvArA siddha kiyA jAtA thaa| donoM meM antara itanA thA ki Agamika paramparA meM jJAna kI mImAMsA mokSamArga ko kendra-bindu mAnakara hotI rhii| jabaki pramANa-mImAMsA kA kSetra mokSamArga pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 215 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #225
ke sAtha sampUrNa bAhya jagat taka vistRta ho gyaa| isa yuga meM AcAryoM dvArA apane granthoM meM heya, upAdeya aura jJeya dRSTi se vivecana kiyA gyaa| unhoMne heya aura upAdeya ke vivecana ke lie nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM kA Azraya liyA tathA jJeya-dRSTi se vivecana ke lie dravyArthika evaM paryAyArthika nayoM kA Azraya liyaa| vikrama kI pA~cavIM zatI meM saMkalita zvetAmbara paramparA ke AgamoM meM jJAna ke svatantra vivecana ke sAtha pramANa kI bhI svatantra carcA kI gyii| paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA aura paM. mahendrakamAra nyAyAcArya ne jainadarzana ke sAhityika vikAsa ko cAra yugoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai-1. Agama yuga- vikrama kI pA~cavIM zatI taka; 2. anekAnta-vyavasthA yuga-vikrama kI AThavIM zatI taka; 3. pramANa-vyavasthA yaga-vikrama kI satrahavIM zatI taka; aura 4. navIna nyAya yuga- Adhunika samaya prynt| DaoN. darabArI lAla koThiyA ne I. 200 se I. 650 taka AdikAla athavA samantabhadrakAla, I. 650 se 1050 taka madhyakAla athavA akalaMka-kAla evaM I. 1050 se I. 1700 taka antyakAla athavA prabhAcandra-kAla ke rUpa meM jaina-nyAya ke vikAsa kA kAla mAnA hai| ye kAla vibhAjana pramANa kI vyavasthita-sthiti ke sambandha meM ThIka haiM; parantu pramANa-vyavasthA ke sUtrapAta ke rUpa meM nahIM, kyoMki I. prathama ke lagabhaga jaba jainetara darzanoM meM saMskRta bhASA meM darzana ke granthoM kA praNayana ho rahA thA, usa samaya tattvArthasUtra ke kartA umAsvAmI ne pahalI bAra Agamika yuga kI jJAna-carcA ko pramANa-carcA ke sAtha saMyukta kara pramANa ke bhedAdi kA spaSTa pratipAdana kiyA, jo digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM ko mAnya huaa| vaidika paramparA ke Adya upalabdha grantha Rgveda meM yathArtha jJAna ke lie 'pramA' zabda kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| sAyaNa ne 'pramA' zabda kI vyAkhyA meM yajJavedI kI iyattAparimANa ke lie pramANa tathA iyattA parijJAna ke lie pramiti zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| zatapatha brAhmaNa evaM chAndogya upaniSad meM 'vAkovAkya' vidyA kA ullekha hai, jo bAda meM tarkavidyA ke rUpa meM abhihita huii| aitareya brAhmaNa meM 'yukti' zabda kA prayoga hai| carakasaMhitA meM 'pramANa' zabda kA spaSTa ullekha hai| vedoM ke paravartI upaniSadsAhitya meM Atma-nirUpaNa ke samaya jina tArkika-zabdAvaliyoM evaM vAkyoM kA Azraya liyA gayA hai, ve uttaravartI vaidika darzanoM ke pramANa-mImAMsA ke AdhAra stambha bane / udAharaNa ke lie vaizeSika sUtra meM yathArtha evaM ayathArtha jJAna ke lie prayukta vidyA evaM avidyA, pada upaniSad sAhitya meM prayukta parAvidyA aura aparAvidyA ke vikasita rUpa haiN| vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata, manusmRti Adi meM Atma-vidyA ke rUpa meM pratiSThita AnvIkSikI vidyA ko hetu-zAstra, hetu-vidyA, tarka-vidyA, vAda-vidyA Adi nAma diye gye| kauTilya ne bhI AnvIkSikI vidyA ko sabhI vidyAoM meM uttama kahA hai| vAtsyAyana 216 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #226
ne isa vidyA ko nyAya-vidyA kahA hai| pramANoM dvArA vastuoM kI parIkSA karanA nyAya hai| isa taraha vaidika darzanoM ke lie gautama, kaNAda Adi se pUrva usa paramparA ke manISiyoM ne pramANa kI mUlabhUta siddhAntoM kI sarjanA ke lie mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyaa| katipaya vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM 'nyAyasUtra' ke kartA maharSi gautama pramANa-zAstra ke Adi pravartaka mAne gaye haiM, parantu inakA samaya anirNIta hai| sAmAnya rUpa se yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki inakA kAla IsA pUrva chaThI zatAbdI se IsA kI pA~cavI zatAbdI ke madhya kabhI honA caahie| bauddha paramparA meM buddha parinirvANa ke pazcAt likhe gae tripiTaka evaM milindapaNho Adi granthoM ke vividha saMvAdoM meM pramANa ke sUtra upalabdha hote haiN| pramANa-vyavasthA yuga : pramANa lakSaNa kA vikAsa prAyaH samasta bhAratIya darzanoM ke parama lakSya mokSa ke upAyoM meM pramANoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| sabhI ne apanI-apanI paramparA ke anusAra pramANa kA vivecana kiyA hai| kabhI kabhI eka hI paramparA ke vivecana meM bhI antara dRSTigocara hotA hai| sAmAnyarUpa se bhAratIya pramANa-zAstra meM pramANa ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM do dRSTiyA~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM-prathama jJAna ko pramANa mAnane vAlI dRSTi evaM dvitIya indriya-sannikarSa Adi ko pramANa mAnane vAlI dRsstti| jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| donoM meM antara itanA hai ki jaina savikalpaka jJAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM aura bauddha nirvikalpaka jJAna ko| dUsarI paramparA vaidika darzanoM kI hai, jisameM prAyaH indriya-sannikarSa Adi ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai arthAt ina paramparAoM meM jJAna ke kAraNoM ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai aura jJAna ko usakA phl| jainadarzana meM jJAna ko pramANa mAnane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki jo jAnane kI pramArUpa kriyA hai, vaha cetana hone se usameM sAdhakatama usI kA guNa jJAna hI ho sakatA hai| ___ pra+mAna zabdoM ke yoga se niSpanna pramANa zabda meM pra upasarga pUrvaka mA dhAtu se lyuT pratyaya karane para isakI 'pramiNoti pramIyate'nena pramitimAtraM vA pramANam' vyutpatti kI jAtI hai| tAtparya yaha ki pramANa zabda bhAva, kartR aura karaNa tInoM sAdhanoM meM niSpanna hotA hai| bhAva kI vivakSA meM pramA, kartR kI vivakSA meM zakti kI pramukhatA se pramAtRtva tathA karaNa kI vivakSA meM pramAtA, prameya aura pramANa kI bheda-vivakSA hotI hai| sAmAnya rUpa se 'pramIyate yena tatpramANam' arthAt jisake dvArA padArthoM kA jJAna ho, usakA nAma pramANa hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne jJAna pada ke sAtha samyak tattva, svaparAvabhAsaka, anadhigatArtha, vyavasAyAtmaka, bAdhavivarjita, avisaMvAda, apUrva Adi vizeSaNa saMyakta kara vibhinna kAloM meM pramANa kI saMskArita aura vikasita paribhASAe~ dI haiN| IsA kI prathama zatI pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 217 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #227
meM hue gRddhapiccha umAsvAmI ne sUtrayuga meM pramANa aura naya ko tattvArthAdhigama ke lie Avazyaka batAkara jJAnoM kA pratyakSa aura parokSa ke rUpa meM pramANoM meM vargIkaraNa karake bhI pramANa kI spaSTa paribhASA nahIM dii| inake bAda dvitIya zatI meM hue AcArya samantabhadra ne anekAnta kI sthApanA ke lie pramANa ke suspaSTa svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hue usake Agamika bheda, viSaya, phala aura pramANAbhAsa Adi pramANa se sambandhita sabhI viSayoM kA yuktiyukta pratipAdana kiyA, jo uttaravartI sabhI pramANa-zAstriyoM ke lie AdhArabhUmi bnaa| AcArya samantabhadra ke sAmane jahA~ pUrvAcAryoM se prApta mantavyoM kA saMrakSaNa karanA thA, vahIM dUsarI ora pramANa-zAstra ke rUpa meM vikasita ho rahI anya dArzanika paramparAoM ke sAtha unakA sAmaMjasya bhI sthApita karanA thaa| isa dohare dAyitva kA samantabhadra ne atyanta kuzalatA ke sAtha nirvAha kiyA hai| unhoMne pramANa ko spaSTa paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki yugapat sarva ke avabhAsana-rUpa tattva-jJAna pramANa hai| syAdvAda-naya-saMskRta kramabhAvi-jJAna bhI pramANa hai| 'svayambhUstotram' meM unhoMne svaparAvabhAsI jJAna ko pramANa mAnakara anyatra isI grantha meM 'vidhi-viSakta pratiSedharUpaH pramANam' arthAt vastu ke vidhi aura pratiSedha donoM rUpoM ko grahaNa karane vAlA pramANa batAyA hai| apane 'yuktyanuzAsana' nAmaka stuti-grantha meM unhoMne umAsvAmI kI taraha pramANa ko vastutattva ko samyak rUpa se spaSTa karane vAlA batAyA hai| pramANa ke lakSaNa meM unhoMne Agamika paramparA kA nirvAha karate hue jJAna kI pUrNa pramANatA sarvabhAsakatva meM siddha kI hai, jo akramabhAvi-kevalajJAnarUpa hone se pramANa hai| jo padArthoM ko ekasAtha nahIM jAnate, balki krama se jAnate haiM ve mati, zruta, avadhi aura mana:paryayajJAna bhI syAdvAda naya se saMskArita hone ke kAraNa kramabhAvi-tattva-jJAna ke rUpa meM pramANa __ jainapramANazAstra ke itihAsa meM samantabhadra ne pramANa ke lakSaNa kI aisI sudRr3ha nIMva rakhI, jisa para uttaravartI AcAryoM ne navIna zabdAvaliyoM kA prayogakara pramANa ke bhavya prAsAda nirmita kiye; parantu mUlasvarUpa meM kisI bhI AcArya ko vizeSa parivartana kI AvazyakatA nahIM pdd'ii| samantabhadra ke bAda hue AcArya siddhasena ne nyAyAvatAra grantha meM pramANaM svaparAvabhAsi-jJAnaM bAdhavivarjitam likhakara pramANa ko sva-parAvabhAsi hone ke sAtha bAdhavivarjita honA bhI Avazyaka batAyA hai| akalaMka ne samantabhadrokta pramANa lakSaNa kA samarthana karate hue 'sva' pada ke sthAna para AtmA, para pada ke sthAna para artha tathA avabhAsaka ke sthAna para vyavasAyAtmaka padoM kA prayoga karake unhoMne AtmArthagrAhaka vyavasAyAtmaka jJAna ko pramANa kahA hai| anyatra unhoMne anadhigata artha-viSayaka avisaMvAdI jJAna ko bhI pramANa ke rUpa meM svIkRta kiyA hai| artha ke vizeSaNa anadhigata ko unhoMne anizcita, anirNIta Adi padoM dvArA bhI darzAyA hai| mANikyanandi AcArya ne isa lakSaNa 218 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #228
meM apUrva pada kA samAveza kara sva aura apUrva artha ke vyavasAyI jJAna ko pramANa mAnA hai| AptamImAMsAbhASya/aSTazatI para aSTasahasrI mahAbhASya likhane vAle AcArya vidyAnandi ne pramANa ke lakSaNa meM anadhigata aura apUrva vizeSaNa nahIM diyA hai| isa viSaya meM unakA mantavya hai ki jJAna cAhe apUrva padArtha ko jAne yA gRhIta artha ko, vaha svArthavyavasAyAtmaka hone se pramANa hI hai| isake atirikta unhoMne pramANaparIkSA-grantha meM samyajJAna ko pramANa batAkara use svArthavyavasAyAtmaka siddha kiyA hai| vidyAnandi ke paravartI AcAryoM kI paramparA meM hemacandra, dharmabhUSaNa Adi AcAryoM ne bhI samyagjJAna yA samyak-artha-nirNaya ko hI pramANa svIkRta kiyA hai| pramANa-bheda kI aitihAsika paramparA digambara Agamika sAhitya meM kundakunda taka paMcajJAnoM kI vistRta carcA pAyI jAtI hai tathA unake pratyakSa-parokSa bheda bhI pAye jAte haiM, parantu unakA pramANoM meM vargIkaraNa nahIM pAyA jaataa| kundakunda ke bAda sUtrakAra umAsvAmI ne pramANa kA nirvacana karane ke sAtha jJAnoM kA pratyakSa aura parokSa rUpa meM vargIkaraNa bhI kiyaa| unhoMne mati aura zruta ko parokSa pramANa tathA avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna ko pratyakSa khaa| yaha vibhAjana Agamika paramparA se haTakara pratIta hotA hai, parantu samIkSaka vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM yaha vibhAjana unake dvArA anya darzanoM ke pramANa-nirUpaNa ke sAtha mela baiThAne aura Agamika samanvaya ke lie jJAna-kAraNoM kI sApekSatA aura nirapekSatA para AdhArita thaa| mati, smRti, saMjJA-pratyabhijJAna, cintA-tarka aura abhinibodha-anumAna ko matijJAna ke antargata pramANAntara mAnakara evaM unheM parokSa pramANa kahakara pramANa-bheda vyavasthA ke lie unhoMne uttaravartI sabhI jaina tArkikoM kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| samantabhadra ke granthoM meM paMcajJAnoM meM kevalajJAna ke atirikta anya jJAnoM kA spaSTa ullekha nahIM miltaa| tattvArthasUtrakAra kI taraha unhoMne pratyakSa aura parokSa ke rUpa meM pramANa kA vargIkaraNa bhI nahIM kiyaa| unakA vargIkaraNa Agamika paramparA ke anusAra viSayAdhigama ke krama aura akrama para AdhArita thaa| isaprakAra samantabhadra kI dRSTi meM pramANa kA prathama bheda yugapatsarvabhAsanarUpa tattvajJAnakevalajJAna aura dUsarA pramANa bheda syAdvAda naya se saMskRta kramabhAvI jJAna hai| dhyAtavya hai ki samantabhadra ne kevalajJAna ko sAkSAt aura syAdvAda ko asAkSAt khaa| isake vRttikAra AcArya vasunandi kA mata hai ki syAdvAda aura kevalajJAna ye do pramANa haiN| unhoMne sAkSAt kA artha pratyakSa aura asAkSAt kA artha apratyakSa kiyA hai| akalaMka dvArA bhI samantabhadrokta pramANa-bheda kI vyAkhyA meM pratyakSa aura parokSa bhedoM kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA jAna par3atA hai| pratyakSa aura parokSa pramANoM ke antargata mati Adi jJAnoM ke vibhAjana viSayaka tattvArthasUtrakAra kI avadhAraNA ke anukaraNa kI spaSTokti pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 219 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #229
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir samantabhadra kI vyAkhyA ke prasaMga meM akalaMka kI dRSTi bhI anuttarita pratIta hotI hai / samantabhadra ne kevalajJAna kI pUrNa - pratyakSatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara laukika-dRSTi se pratyakSapramANa kI sImA bAhya - artha taka vistRta kara dii| sUkSma, antarita aura dUravartI padArtha anumeya hone se kisI ke pratyakSa haiM, jaise- agni Adi / yahA~ samantabhadra dvArA prayukta 'pratyakSa' pada spaSTa rUpa se atIndriya- pratyakSa - pramANa ke sAtha indriya- pratyakSa - pramANa kI ora bhI saMketa karatA hai / svayambhUstotram meM Ae 'dRSTa' aura 'pratyakSa' pada pratyakSapramANa mAne jAne kI ora spaSTa saMketa karate haiM / vikasita pramANa yuga meM pAyA jAne vAlA anumAna kA sampUrNa vivecana kramabhAvI jJAna parokSa- pramANa ke antargata, samantabhadra ke granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai 1 samantabhadra ke bAda AcArya siddhasena ne pramANa ke pratyakSa aura parokSa bheda mAne haiM / anyatra unhoMne svArtha aura parArtha bheda bhI kiye haiM / akalaMka ne samantabhadra aura siddhasena ke pada-cihnoM para calate hue unake cintana ko pramukha AdhAra mAnakara yugAnurUpa pramANa bheda-vyavasthA kI sthApanA kI / pratyakSa pramANa ke mukhya aura sAMvyavahArika ye do bheda kiye| mukhya pratyakSa ko atIndriya pratyakSa kahA / sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke indriyapratyakSa aura anindriya-pratyakSa tathA eka sthAna para pratyakSa ke prAdezika - pratyakSa, anindriyapratyakSa aura atIndriya- pratyakSa ke rUpa meM tIna bheda kiye haiM / tattvArthavArtika meM sarvArthasiddhi kI taraha pratyakSa ke deza-pratyakSa aura sarva - pratyakSa bheda kiye gae haiM / akalaMka dvArA svIkRta aMzataH avizada aura aspaSTa hone kI sthiti meM parokSa - pramANa ke nimnalikhita bheda - smaraNa / smRti, pratyabhijJAna / saMjJA, tarka / cintA, anumAna / abhinibodha aura Agama / zruta paravartI prAyaH sabhI jaina dArzanikoM ne svIkRta kiye haiM, jinameM darzanAntaroM meM mAnya dvayAdhika pramANoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / zvetAmbara mAnya AgamoM meM jJAnoM kI carcA ke sAtha pramANa-bhedoM kA bhI spaSTa ullekha kiyA gayA hai| paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ne anumAna kiyA hai ki zvetAmbara AgamoM meM pramANa- -bhedoM kI carcA bAda meM praviSTa huI hogii| pramANa kA viSaya evaM phala pramANa kA viSaya dravyaparyAyAtmaka, sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka evaM utpAdavyayadhrauvyAtmaka hai, jisakI upalabdhi ekAnta se nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki artha anekAntAtmaka hai / isa viSaya meM prArambha se adyAvadhi koI vaimatya nahIM hai / sabhI jJAnoM-pramANoM kA phala ajJAna kA nAza hai, yaha vicAra vyakta karate hue samantabhadra ne yugapat sarvAvabhAsaka - jJAna -pramANa kA phala upekSA evaM kramabhAvI - jJAna- pramANa kA phala upekSA ke sAtha heya aura upAdeya buddhi ko mAnA hai / akalaMka aura vidyAnanda ne sAkSAt aura paramparA phala ke rUpa meM pramANa ke do phala mAnakara unheM kathaMcit pramANa se abhinna aura bhinna mAnA hai tathA 220 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #230
samantabhadra kA samarthana kiyA hai| vidyAnandi ne ajJAnanivRttirUpa svArtha-vyavasiti ko pramANa-phala kI vyAkhyA meM saMyukta kara viziSTa bauddhikatA kA paricaya diyA hai| __ jaina-pramANa-zAstra ko samRddha aura vikasita svarUpa pradAna karane vAle AcAryoM kA unake kRtitva sahita kAlakrama se vistRta vivaraNa denA isa Alekha meM sambhava nahIM hai| saMkSipta rUpa meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki umAsvAmI, samantabhadra, siddhasena, akalaMka, haribhadra, anantavIrya, vidyAnandi, vasunandi, mANikyanandi, vAdIbhasiMha, abhayadevasUri, prabhAcandra, hemacandra, abhayacandrasUri, malliSeNa evaM yazovijaya-18vIM zatI Adi AcAryoM ne jaina-pramANa zAstra ke vikAsa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| pramANAbhAsa jainadarzana meM jJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai| ataH pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa bhI jJAna ke hI hoNge| pramANa ke rahane para hI pramANAbhAsa kA astitva hai| pramANa nahIM banegA, taba pramANAbhAsa bhI kaise bana sakatA hai? ... isa dRSTi se prameya mAnane kI apekSA se koI jJAna pramANAbhAsa nahIM hai| bAhya artha ko prameya mAnane kI apekSA se jJAna pramANa aura pramANAbhAsa donoM hotA hai| jaise-AkAza meM kezamazakAdi kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha pramANa bhI hai aura pramANAbhAsa bhI hai| jitane aMza meM vaha saMvAdaka hai, utane aMza meM pramANa hai aura jitane aMza meM visaMvAdaka hai, utane aMza meM apramANa hai| vastutaH jo pramANa na hokara pramANa- jaisA pratibhAsita hotA hai, use pramANAbhAsa kahate haiN| pramANa kA yaha AbhAsa usake svarUpa, saMkhyA, viSaya aura phala ke sambandha meM ho sakatA hai, jisakA AcAryoM ne pramANa kA svarUpAbhAsa, saMkhyAbhAsa, viSayAbhAsa aura phalAbhAsa ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| Agamika yuga meM pramANAbhAsoM kA jJAna mithyAjJAnoM ke mAdhyama se hotA rahA hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra dvArA mati, zruta aura avadhi jJAnoM kA viparyaya jJAnoM ke rUpa meM bhI hone kA ullekha dArzanika yuga ke AcAryoM ke lie pramANAbhAsa-pratipAdana kA mahattvapUrNa AdhAra siddha huaa| manaHparyaya jJAna aura kevalajJAna samyak hI hone ke kAraNa unake pramANAbhAsa hone kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| AcArya mANikyanandi ne asvasaMvedI jJAna, nirvikalpaka darzana, saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya Adi ko pramANAbhAsa kahA hai| isa dRSTi se antaraMga jJAna ko hI satya mAnane vAle jJAnAdvaitavAdiyoM, jJAna ko kSaNika mAnane vAle vijJAnAdvaitavAdiyoM Adi kI pramANa-sambandhI avadhAraNAe~ vyavahAra meM upayogI na hone ke kAraNa pramANAbhAsa kI koTi meM A jAtI haiN| kArakasAkalya, sannikarSa Adi bhI pramANAbhAsa haiM, kyoMki ve acetana hone se cetana pramA ke sAdhakatama nahIM ho skte| pramANa ke saMkhyAbhAsa ke antargata pratyakSAbhAsa, parokSAbhAsa, pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 221 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #231
mukhyapratyakSAbhAsa, sAMvyavahArika-pratyakSAbhAsa, tarkAbhAsa, anumAnAbhAsa Adi pramANAbhAsoM kI carcA kI gayI hai| niSkarSa yaha ki pramANa-vyavasthA se pUrva sabhI darzanoM meM prAyaH jar3a aura cetana kI svatantra vAstavikatA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| inake svarUpa aura pArasparika sambandha kI sthiti satya siddha karane ke lie sabhI ne kasauTI ke rUpa meM pramANa-vyavasthA se pUrva vidyA-avidyA, samyak-mithyA Adi ko AdhAra banAkara apane mata ko sthApita karane ke prayatna kiye| bAda meM lagabhaga IsA kI prathama zatI meM prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM ke dvArA vastutattva kI satyatA siddha karane ke lie mAnaka ke rUpa meM pramANa ko mAnya kiyaa| pramANa kA sUtrapAta evaM pramANa-vyavasthA kA aitihAsika kAla prAyaH sabhI darzanoM kA samAna hai| sAmAnyarUpa se pramA ke sAdhakatama karaNa ko bhI sabhI ne pramANa mAnA hai, parantu karaNa ke viSaya meM, anyadarzanoM se jainadarzana kI dRSTi bhinna hai| anyadarzanoM meM jahA~ jJAna ke kAraNoM ko pramANa evaM jJAna ko usakA phala kahA hai| vahA~ jainadarzana meM jAnane rUpa kriyA ke cetana hone se usameM sAdhakatama usI kA guNa-jJAna hI ho sakatA hai, isalie isa paramparA meM samyagjJAna ko hI pramANa mAnA gayA hai, jisameM vibhinna kAloM meM jainAcAryoM dvArA pramANa ke svarUpa meM die gaye avisaMvAda, apUrva Adi sabhI vizeSaNa garbhita ho jAte haiN| pramANamImAMsA para cintana karane vAle AcAryoM kI vaha paramparA umAsvAmI, samantabhadra Adi se lekara 18vIM zatI ke AcArya yazovijaya taka avicchinna rUpa se vRddhiMgata hotI rahI, jisameM AptamImAMsA Adi ke kartA svAmI samantabhadra jainanyAya ke janaka kahe gye| vaidika darzanoM ke lie pramANamImAMsA hetu RgvedAdi vizAla sAhitya upalabdha hone para bhI pramANa kA sUtrapAta evaM vyavasthA karane vAle sabhI AcAryoM kA kAla prAyaH samAna hai| pramANa-viSayaka vivecana ke lie jaina paramparA meM kundakunda taka jJAna-vivecana kI Thosa AdhAra-bhUmi pramANa-vivecaka AcAryoM ko prApta huI, jisake AdhAra para sarvaprathama umAsvAmI ne pramANa kA sUtrapAta kiyaa| tatpazcAt samantabhadra aura siddhasena ina do AcAryoM ne pramANa kI sUtrapAta rUpI nIMva para pramANa kA bhavya prAsAda nirmita kiyaa| inake uttaravartI akalaMka, vidyAnandi Adi AcAryoM ne inhIM donoM AcAryoM kA Azraya lekara pramANacarcA ko yugAnurUpa DhA~ce meM ddhaalaa| naya nayoM kA jaina paramparA meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| inake dvArA paraspara virodhI vicAroM kA samAdhAna prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| sAmAjika, rAjanItika, Arthika, dhArmika, AdhyAtmika prabhRti sabhI dRSTibhinnatAoM kA samAdhAna naya-vyavasthA meM antarnihita hai| jaba se jIva ko apanI Antarika cetanA kA prakRti aura zarIra ke sAtha sambandha hone kA anubhava 222 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #232
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir huA, taba se usane apane antardarzana kI zaktiyoM kA Azraya lekara AtmA, zarIra, mRtyu, bAhyajagat aura usake kAraNoM ke viSaya meM cintana prArambha kiyaa| deza, kAla, paristhiti, aparipUrNa jJAna evaM ruci - bhinnatA ke kAraNa unake cintana meM mata - bhinnatAe~ utpanna huiiN| una mata - bhinnatAoM ko sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM vargIkRta karake dekheM, taba unake mUla meM samanvaya, samagratA tathA vizleSaNa rUpa AMzika satyatAe~ bhI dRSTigocara hotI haiM / jaba inameM se prasphuTita avAntara vicAradhArAe~ vibhinna mantavyoM ko lekara pramukhatA se ekAntika pakSa kI ora bar3hane lagatI haiM, taba aneka vAda-vivAda utpanna ho jAte haiM / atIta ke dArzanika sAhitya para dRSTipAta kareM, taba isa taraha kI aneka vicAradhArAoM kA astitva pAyA jAtA hai / jaise brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM kA jhukAva sAmAnya kI ora rahA hai, jinhoMne antima niSkarSa meM bhedoM ko nakAra diyaa| bauddhoM ne abhedoM ko mithyA batAyA / aneka dravyoM ko mAnane vAle sAMkhya prakRti - puruSavAda ke rUpa meM unakI nityatA aura vyApakatA ke ekAnta kA parityAga nahIM kara ske| kisI ne dharma-dharmI, guNa-guNI Adi meM ekAnta mAnA ityAdi aneka matoM meM paraspara virodhI vicAradhArAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiN| ina sabhI virodhI dRSTiyoM kA samanvaya ahiMsA, samatA, zAnti, aparigraha, sarvodaya aura vastu- - vyavasthA ke Aloka meM madhyasthabhAva se jainadarzana kI anekAnta - dRSTi ne kiyA hai / isI samagra cintana se syAdvAda pratiphalita huA tathA usase naya - vyavasthA / yahI kAraNa hai ki tIrthaMkaroM ke bAda AcAryoM dvArA sRjita sampUrNa vAGmaya meM arthAdhigama ke lie anekAnta dRSTi kA mUlAdhAra naya ko bhI pramANa kI taraha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| Agamika-sAhitya meM viSaya-vastu kA vivecana naya-dRSTi se hotA rahA hai| dhavalA TIkA meM likhA hai ki jinendra bhagavAn ke mata meM nayavAda ke binA sUtra - artha Adi kuchabhI nahIM kahA gayA hai| AcArya yativRSabha ne yahA~ taka likhA hai ki jo vyakti pramANa, naya aura nikSepa se padArtha kI ThIka-ThIka samIkSA nahIM karatA, use ayukta padArtha bhI yukta aura yukta padArtha bhI ayukta pratibhASita hote haiM / samasta vacana-prayoga aura lokavyavahAra nayAzrita hai / 1 tattvAdhigama kA upAya : naya jainadarzana meM tattvAdhigama ke lie samagra vastu tattva ko viSaya karane vAle pramANa kI taraha tattvoM kI AMzika pramANatA ke adhigama ke lie naya ko bhI Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai / SaTkhaNDAgama meM vastu vyavasthA ke lie naya- vivakSA kI anivAryatA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne pramANa aura naya donoM ko vastu kA prakAzaka kahA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda pramANa se hI naya kI utpatti mAnate haiM / anya darzanoM meM For Private And Personal Use Only pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 223

Page #233
arthAdhigama ke rUpa meM mAtra pramANa ko hI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jIvAdi tattvoM ke anya upAyoM ke rUpa meM nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti aura vidhAna ke sAtha-sAtha sat, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva, alpabahutva aura nikSepoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jJAta ho ki pramANa vastu ke samagra-aMzoM ko to viSaya karatA hai, para vaha vividha vAdoM ko sulajhA nahIM sktaa| naya hI vividha vAdoM aura samasyAoM kA samAdhAna prastuta karatA hai| anantaguNoM vAlI vastu ke apane abhiprAya ke anusAra AMzika kathana karane vAlA naya hone ke kAraNa ApAtataH abhiprAya-bheda se nayoM meM paraspara-virodha-jaisA pratIta hotA hai, parantu apekSA-bheda se kathana kiyA jAye, taba unameM virodha upasthita nahIM hotaa| sambhavataH isI jaTilatA ko dekhakara yaha kahA gayA hai ki jinavara kA nayacakra atyanta tIkSNadhAravAlA aura duHsAdhya hai| binA samajhe jo usameM praveza karatA hai, vaha lAbha ke badale hAni uThAtA hai| AcAryoM ne naya kA svarUpa, bhedAdi, prayojana, phala evaM unakA saiddhAntika-dArzanika tathA Agamika vizleSaNa upasthita kiye jAne ke sAtha sAtha usake vaiziSTya para bhI gambhIratA se prakAza DAlA hai / naya jIvAditattvoM kA saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya se rahita yathArtha-bodha karAne vAlA hotA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda aura A. akalaMka ne adhigama ke do hetuoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai-svAdhigama hetu aura parAdhigama hetu| jJAna svAdhigama hetu hai, jo pramANa aura naya rUpa hotA hai aura vacana parAdhigama hetu hai, syAdvAdanayasaMskRta-zruti ke dvArA jIvAdika kI pratyeka paryAya saptabhaMgI rUpa se jAnI jAtI hai| laghIyastraya meM zruta ke do upayoga batAye gaye haiM-syAdvAda aura ny| naya kA vyutpattyartha _ 'naya' zabda 'NI' prApaNe dhAtu se kRdanta kA 'ac' pratyaya saMyukta karane para niSpanna huA hai| kartRvAcya meM isakI vyutpatti 'nayati prApnoti vastusvarUpaM yaH sa nayaH' yA 'jIvAdIn padArthAn nayanti prApnuvanti, vyaMjayanti iti nayaH' athavA 'nAnAsvabhAvebhyo vyAvartya ekasmin svabhAve vastuM nayati prApayatIti vA nayaH' kI jAtI hai| karmavAcya meM nIyate, gamyate, paricchidyate, jJAyate'nena yena vA arthaH sa nayaH' yA nIyate ekaviziSTo'rthaH pratItiniyamagAmiriti nItayo nayaH' ke rUpa meM kI gayI hai| AcArya vidyAnandi ne 'nIyate gamyate yena zrutAMzo nyH| ina vyutpattiyoM ke anusAra kartRvAcya meM naya vaha hai, jo nIti se ekadeza viziSTa padArtha lAyA jAtA hai arthAt pratIti ke viSaya ko prApta karAyA jAtA hai, use naya kahA gayA hai| karmavAcyaparaka vyutpatti ke anusAra jo zruta-pramANa dvArA jAne gaye artha ke kisI eka aMza yA dharma kA kathana karatA hai, use naya kahate haiN| nayoM kI ina vyutpattiyoM meM naya kA jo sAdhakatama karaNa hai, use naya mAnA gayA 224 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #234
hai| vastutaH naya kA pramANa kA aMza hone ke kAraNa naya meM bhI pramAtva avazya rhegaa| pramA kA karaNa pramANa kahalAtA hai| jo sAdhakatama ho, vaha karaNa hotA hai| pramA yA jAnane rUpa kriyA jainAgama meM cetana mAnI gayI hai| isalie usameM sAdhakatama usI kA guNa jJAna hI mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa dRSTi se naya kriyA kA bhI sAdhakatama usI kA guNa jJAnAMza hogaa| jaba 'nIyate ya iti nayaH' isa taraha karma sAdhana rUpa vyutpatti kI jAegI, taba naya kA artha yaha hogA ki nayoM ke dvArA artha hI jAne jAte haiN| AcArya akalaMka ne jJAtAoM kI abhisandhi pramANa aura pramiti ke eka-deza kA samyak nirNaya karAne vAle ko naya kahA hai| isa taraha naya bhI jJAna kI vRtti rUpa siddha hotA hai| naya kA svarUpa naya ke svarUpa viSayaka sabhI AcAryoM ke mantavya eka hI artha ko prakaTa karate haiM ki indriya-cetanA se hone vAlA jJAna dravya ke samagra-svarUpa kA jJAna nahIM karA sakatA, parantu vaha dravyAMza ko jAnane ke kAraNa jJAnAMza avazya hai| usa aMza ko hI sampUrNa samajhakara vivAda kA viSaya na banAyA jaaye| isalie vibhinna zabdAvaliyoM kA prayoga kara AcAryoM dvArA naya ke tArkika svarUpa prastuta kiye gaye aura yaha siddha kiyA gayA ki anantasvarUpa vAlI vastu ke AMzika svarUpa ko svIkAra karane ke sAtha usake anya aMzoM kI sattA ko bhI svIkAra karanA naya-dRSTi hai tathA satyapatha kA anucaraNa hai| dArzanika-tArkika yuga meM naya ko samyagekAnta, pramANAMza, zrutAMza, vaktA yA jJAtA kA abhiprAya Adi ke rUpa meM paribhASita kara unakA tArkika vizleSaNa prastuta kiyA gyaa| jJAta ho ki Agamika aura dArzanika yuga ke madhyavartI kar3I ko jor3ane vAle AcArya kundakunda aise mahAn AcArya the, jinhoMne naya-viSayaka cintana ko nayA AyAma diyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unake pazcAt naya para svatantra carcAe~ hone lgiiN| AcArya kundakunda ke mantavyoM kA anyathA artha na kiyA jAye, etadartha unake granthoM para AtmakhyAti, tAtparyavRtti Adi TIkAoM kI racanAe~ kI gyiiN| jainavAGmaya meM naya svarUpa ke tIna rUpa dRSTigocara hote haiM-AdhyAtmika : Agamika, zAstrIya dArzanika aura svataMtra / kundakunda ke granthoM meM yadyapi dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika nayoM ke rUpa meM jJeya-zAstrIya dRSTi se bhI vivecana pAyA jAtA hai, parantu unakA nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM ke dvArA mukhya pratipAdya AdhyAtmika rahA hai| unakI dRSTi se tattvajJa hone ke sAtha heya-upAdeya ko bhI samajhanA Avazyaka hai, jo nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya ke binA sambhava nahIM hai| ye donoM naya sApekSa haiN| bheda-mUlaka vyavahAra-dRSTi naya hai| tattvArthasUtrakAra ne naya kI spaSTa paribhASA na dekara padArtha ke adhigama ke lie use pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 225 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #235
Avazyaka batAne ke sAtha usakA vargIkaraNa pUrvaparamparA kA anukaraNa hai tathA naya-vivecana ke lie zAstrIya-dArzanika paddhatiyoM ke lie pramukha AdhAra hai| vibhinna AcAryoM dvArA dI gayIM naya kI katipaya paribhASAe~ agralikhita haiM AcArya samantabhadra ne hetu kA prayoga kara naya ke tArkika svarUpa kA sarvaprathama sUtrapAta kiyA thaa| unhoMne syAdvAda rUpa paramAgama se vibhakta hue artha-vizeSa kA sadharma dvArA sAdhya ke sAdharmya se jo avirodha-rUpa se vyaMjaka hotA hai, use naya kahA hai| AcArya akalaMka ne isakI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai ki naya kA svarUpa anumAna aura hetu ke binA samajhanA kaThina hai| syAdvAda-rUpa paramAgama se vibhakta hue artha-vizeSa meM jaba ekalakSaNa-rUpa hetu ghaTita ho jAye, taba vaha naya kahalAtA hai| syAdvAda ityAdi ke dvArA anumita anekAntAtmaka-artha-tattva dikhAtA hai ki usase nityatvAdi vizeSa usake alaga alaga pratipAdaka haiM, aisA jo hai, vahI naya kahA jA sakatA hai| anekAnta artha kA jJAna pramANa hai aura usake eka aMza kA jJAna naya hai, jo dUsare dharmoM kI bhI apekSA rakhatA hai| __ AcArya pUjyapAda ne pramANa se naya kI utpatti mAnakara pUrvAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita pAramparika naya ke svarUpa kA ullekhapUrvaka likhA hai - 'pragRhya pramANataH pariNativizeSAdarthAvadhAraNaM nayaH' arthAt pramANa se jAnakara anantara kisI eka avasthA dvArA padArtha kA nizcaya karanA naya hai| unhoMne tattvArthasUtra ke naya vivecaka sUtra kI vyAkhyA ke prasaMga meM likhA hai ki 'sAmAnyalakSaNaM tAvad vastunyanekAntAtmanyavirodhena hetvarpaNAtsAdhyavizeSasya yAthAtmyaprApaNapravaNaH prayogo nayaH' AcAryazrI ne naya ke isa svarUpa meM sAdhya, sAdhana, hetu, pakSa aura avinAbhAva-anyathAnupapannatva-avirodha Adi kA prayoga kara dArzanika yuga meM pUrNa vikasita lakSaNa ke mAnaka ke anusAra naya kA svarUpa sthira kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki anekAntAtmaka vastu meM virodha ke binA hetu kI mukhyatA se sAdhyavizeSa kI yathArthatA ko prApta karAne meM samartha-prayoga naya hai| AcArya akalaMkadeva ne naya ke svarUpa pratipAdana meM pUrvAcAryoM kA hI anukaraNa kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki-'pramANaprakAzitArtha-vizeSaprarUpako nayaH'-pramANa dvArA prakAzita padArtha kA vizeSa nirUpaNa karane vAlA naya hai aura yaha naya hI vyavahAra kA hetu hotA hai| eka sthAna para samyagekAnta ko naya aura samyaganekAnta ko pramANa kahA hai| A. pUjyapAda kI taraha A. akalaMkadeva ne bhI apane isa naya ke svarUpa ke samarthana meM pUrvAcAryoM kA vAkya 'sakalAdezo pramANAdhInaH vikalAdezo nayAdhInaH' likhakara usakI prAmANikatA siddha kI hai| yahA~ samyagekAnta aura samyaganekAnta meM bhrama paidA na ho, isalie inake artha kA spaSTIkaraNa Avazyaka hai| 226 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #236
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir samyagekAnta aura samyaganekAnta ekAnta aura anekAnta donoM hI samyak aura mithyA ke bheda se do-do prakAra ke hote haiN| pramANa ke dvArA nirUpita vastu ke eka - deza ko sayuktika grahaNa karane vAlA samyagekAnta hai / eka dharma kA sarvathA avadhAraNa karake anya dharmoM kA nirAkaraNa karane vAlA mithyA ekAnta hai| eka vastu meM yukti aura Agama se aviruddha aneka-virodhidharmoM kA grahaNa karane vAlA samyaganekAnta hai tathA vastu ko tat, atat Adi svabhAva se zUnya kahakara usameM aneka dharmoM kI mithyA kalpanA karanA arthazUnya vacanavilAsa mithyA anekAnta hai / samyagekAnta naya kahalAtA hai tathA samyaganekAnta pramANa / yadi anekAnta ko anekAnta hI mAnA jAye aura ekAnta kA lopa kiyA jAye, to samyagekAnta ke abhAva meM zAkhAdi ke abhAva meM vRkSa ke abhAva kI taraha tatsamudAyarUpa anekAnta kA bhI abhAva ho jaaegaa| yadi ekAnta hI mAnA jAe to avinAbhAvI itara - dharmoM kA lopa hone para prakRta zeSa kA bhI lopa hone se sarvalopa kA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai / nyAyavinizcaya grantha ke anusAra syAdvAda ke dvArA anumita anekAntAtmaka - arthatattva se yaha siddha hotA hai ki usake nityatvAdi - vizeSa usake alaga-alaga pratipAdaka haiM vahI naya haiM / syAdvAdamaMjarI meM nyAyadarzana ke anumAna ke svarUpa meM anumAna kA nizcAyaka tRtIya jJAna 'parAmarza' jaise zabdoM kA prayoga kara nizcita pramANAMza ko prApta karAne vAlI nIti ko naya kahA gayA hai| AcArya akalaMkadeva se pUrva evaM paravartI jitane bhI AcAryoM ne naya ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, sabhI kA antarbhAva inhIM lakSaNoM meM ho jAtA hai| vastutaH anekAnta kI pratipatti pramANa hai evaM ekadharma kI pratipatti naya hai / isa dRSTi se ya ke svarUpa meM sabhI AcAryoM ke pratipAdana meM samAnatA hai / vizeSatA deza, kAla evaM paristhiti ke anusAra usake tArkika, nyAyika, AdhyAtmika Adi prastutIkaraNa meM hai / pramANa ke aMza: naya anekAntAtmaka vastu kI siddhi pramANa aura naya se hotI hai / anekAnta kA mUla naya hai| pramANa vastu ke sabhI dharmoM ko viSaya karatA hai, naya unameM se kisI eka dharma ko viSaya karatA hai / pramANa jJAna rUpa hai tathA vahI arthaparicchedaka bhI hai| jainetara paramparAoM meM indriya- vyApAra, jJAtR-vyApAra, kAraka- sAkalya sannikarSa Adi ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai, parantu unameM aMzagrAhIrUpa se naya kI carcA upalabdha nahIM hotI hai| jainadarzana jJAna arthapramiti meM avyavahita sAkSAt kAraNa hai, jabaki indriya- sannikarSAdi-vyavahitaparamparA se kAraNa haiN| isalie avyavahita kAraNa ko hI pramA kA janaka svIkAra karanA yukti-saMgata hai| dUsare pramiti arthaprakAzaka ajJAnanivRttirUpa hai, jo jJAna dvArA hI sambhava pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 227 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #237
hai, indriyasannikarSAdi dvArA nhiiN| mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna ina pA~coM jJAnoM ko pramANa kahA gayA hai aura unase adhigama hotA hai| naya se bhI pramANa kI taraha arthAdhigama hotA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI pramANa aura naya donoM ko vastu kA prakAzaka kahA hai| samudAyavizeSa pramANam avayava-viSayA nayA: AcArya akalaMkadeva ke isa kathana se bhI yaha siddha hai| yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki jJAna naya-rUpa hai yA nahIM, yadi jJAna-rUpa hai, to kyA vaha pramANa hai yA apramANa? 'yadi pramANa hai to use pramANa se alaga arthAdhigama kA upAya batAne kI kyA AvazyakatA thI, yadi apramANa hai, taba usase yathArtha adhigama kaise ho sakatA hai, yadi naya jJAnarUpa nahIM hai, taba use sannikarSa Adi kI taraha jJApaka svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ina sabhI praznoM kA samAdhAna 'naya pramANa ke aMza haiM'-isa kathana se ho jAtA hai| isake anusAra naya na pramANa haiM aura na apramANa-apitu jJAnAtmaka-pramANa kA ekadeza haiN| jaise-samudra se lAyA gayA ghaTa-bhara-jala na samudra hai aura na asamudra, apitu samudraikadeza hai| yadi use samudra mAnA jAtA hai, to zeSa jala asamudra kahA jAegA athavA samudroM kI kalpanA karanA pdd'egii| yadi use asamudra kahA jAtA hai, to zeSAMzoM ko bhI asamudra kahA jaaegaa| isa sthiti meM samudra kA vyavahAra kahIM bhI nahIM ho sakegA aura samudra kA jJAtA bhI kisI ko nahIM kahA jA skegaa| ata: naya na pramANa hai, na apramANa apitu pramANaikadeza hai| zrutapramANa kA aMza : naya jJAna svAdhigama kA hetu hone ke kAraNa pramANa-rUpa hai evaM vacana parAdhigama kA hetu hone ke kAraNa naya-rUpa hai, jo dUsare ke lie syAdvAdanayasaMskRta jIvAdika kI pratiparyAya rUpa mAnA gayA hai| pUjyapAda ne isako spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki pratipatti ke bheda se pramANa svArtha aura parArtha ke rUpa meM do prakAra kA hai| zrutajJAna ko chor3akara zeSa mati, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna svArthapramANa haiM, parantu zrutajJAna svArtha aura parArtha donoM prakAra kA hai| jJAnAtmaka zruta-pramANa ko svArtha-pramANa aura vacanAtmaka zrutapramANa ko parArtha-pramANa kahate haiN| parArthapratipatti kA ekamAtra sAdhana vacana hone se mati Adi cAroM jJAna vacanAtmaka nahIM haiN| zrutajJAna dvArA svArtha aura parArtha donoM pratipattiyA~ hotI haiN| jJAtA va vaktA kA vacanAtmaka-vyavahAra upacAra se parArtha-zrutapramANa hai| zrotA ko jo vaktA ke zabdoM se bodha hotA hai, vaha vAstavika parArtha-pramANa hai| jJAtA yA vaktA kA jo abhiprAya rahatA hai aura aMza-grAhI hai, vaha jJAnAtmaka svArtha-pramANa hai| isa taraha jJAnAtmaka svArtha zruta-pramANa aura vacanAtmaka parArtha zruta-pramANa donoM naya haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki darzanagranthoM meM jJAna-naya aura vacana-naya ke bheda se do prakAra ke nayoM kA bhI vivecana prApta hotA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai, ki naya kI 228 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #238
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir I pravRtti mati, avadhi, mana:paryaya jJAnoM dvArA jJAta sImita artha ke aMza meM nahIM hotI hai to kyA nayako samasta padArthoM ke samasta aMzoM meM pravRtta hone vAle kevalajJAna kA aMza mAnA jA sakatA hai, isakA samAdhAna AcArya vidyAnandi dvArA yaha diyA gayA hai ki kevalajJAna pratyakSa evaM spaSTarUpa se padArthoM ke samasta aMzoM kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai naya parokSa - aspaSTa rUpa se samasta padArthoM ke aMzoM kA ekaikazaH nizcaya karatA hai / isalie naya kevalamUlaka nahIM haiN| vaha mAtra parokSa zrutapramANa- mUlaka hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne 'syAdvAda' arthAt zrutajJAna dvArA gRhIta anekAntAtmaka padArtha ke dharmoM kA pRthaka-pRthaka kathana karane vAle jJAna ko naya kahA hai| AlApapaddhati meM zrutapramANa ke vikalpoM ko naya kahA gayA hai| naya ko zrutapramANa kA vikalpa yA aMza mAnane vAle aneka AcArya haiM / tAtparya yaha ki zrutajJAna dvArA jAne gaye vastu ke aMza yA dharma ko grahaNa karane vAlA naya hai| AcArya siddhasena ne likhA hai ki 'parizuddha nayavAda kevala zrutapramANa kA sAdhaka banatA hai aura yadi vaha galata rUpa se rakhA jAe, to donoM pakSoM kA ghAta hotA hai / ' zrutajJAna ke sambandha meM AcAryoM ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki zruta ke do upayoga hote haiM - syAdvAda aura naya / vastu ke sampUrNa kathana ko syAdvAda evaM vastu ke ekadeza-kathana ko naya kahate haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya samantabhadra ne syAdvAda ko kevalajJAna ke barAbara mAnA hai, donoM meM antara mAtra pratyakSa aura parokSa kA batAyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki zrutajJAna ke upayoga meM bhI syAdvAda-rUpa- pramANa kA aMza naya hai| jJAta ho ki AcArya akalaMka ne zruta ke tIna bheda kiye haiM- pratyakSa nimittaka, anumAna nimittaka tathA Agama nimittaka / jainatarkavArtikakAra pratyakSapUrvaka zruta ko na mAnakara paropadezaja aura liMganimitta ye do hI zruta mAnate haiM / vaktA yA jJAtA kA abhiprAya : naya jaisA ki pUrva meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAtA va vaktA kA abhiprAya naya hai / dravyaparyAyAtmaka vastu ke viSaya meM jJAtA kA abhiprAya bheda va abheda ko lekara hotA hai / udAharaNArtha eka jJAnI vastu meM sthAyitva dekhakara use nitya kahatA hai, vastu meM hone vAle parivartana Adi ko dekhakara dUsarA use anitya kahatA hai / ye vibhinna abhiprAya naya yA durnaya athavA nayAbhAsa kahe jAte haiM / jaba apane-apane abhiprAyoM ko svIkAra karate hue bhI dRSTibheda se dUsare ke abhiprAya kA nirAkaraNa nahIM karate taba donoM ke hI una abhiprAyoM ko naya kahA jAtA hai; isake viparIta ekAMgI abhiprAya nayAbhAsa yA durnaya hai| 1 naya : samyagdarzana evaM puruSArtha kA hetu naya gauNa-mukhyarUpa se eka-dUsare kI apekSA karake samyagdarzana ke hetu haiM / jisa pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 229 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #239
prakAra tantu Adika puruSa kI arthakriyA aura sAdhanoM kI sAmarthya se yathAyogya nivezita kara diye jAne para paTa Adi kI saMjJA ko prApta hote haiN| usI prakAra ye naya bhI svatantra rahane para apekSA-buddhi se kAryakArI hI haiM, kyoMki pUrva-pUrva kA naya uttara-uttara ke naya kA hetu banakara kAryakArI hotA hai, paraspara-nirapekSa-aMza puruSArtha ke bhI hetu nahIM bana sakate, ve paraspara sApekSa hokara hI vyavahAra meM sAdhaka ho sakate haiM, kyoMki usa rUpa meM unakI upalabdhi hotI hai| naya ke bheda vastu anantadharmAtmaka hone se usake viSaya meM tIrthaMkaroM ke vacana abhedabhedAtmaka hote haiN| paristhiti aura zakti ke anusAra vastu ke kisI dharma ke viSaya meM hama kisa dRSTi kA Azraya lete haiM, vahI dRSTi naya-bheda ke mUla meM dRSTigocara hotI hai| dRSTibheda hI nayabheda kA pramukha kAraka hai| jitanI dRSTiyA~ evaM abhiprAya ho sakate haiM, utane naya ho sakate haiN| AcAryoM ne naya ke eka se lekara asaMkhyAta vikalpa batAye haiN| vastutaH naya ke bheda prabhedoM kI saMkhyA nizcita nahIM kI jA sktii| sat, eka, nitya, vaktavya aura inake viparIta asat, aneka, anitya, avaktavya Adi vibhinna dRSTiyA~ naya haiN| ye sarvathA-rUpa se vastu-tattva ko pradUSita karate haiM evaM syAtyukta yA kathaMcit-rUpa se usako puSTa karate haiN| isa sambandha meM AcAryoM ko yaha kahanA par3A ki jitane prakAra ke vacana-mArga haiM, utane hI prakAra ke nayavAda haiN| jaba vastu anantadharma vAlI hai aura naya usake pratyeka dharma kA grAhI ho sakatA hai, taba naya ananta bhI kahe jAe~, to atyukti nahIM hogii| nizcita rUpa se naya-vyavasthA jainadarzana kI adbhuta dena hai| vastu-tattva kA aisA vivecana anyatra draSTavya nahIM hai| bhedAbhedAtmaka-samagra-dRSTiyoM ko AdhAra banAkara AcAryoM ne inase kramazaH dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika do mUla naya vikasita kiye| dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika naya AcArya akalaMka ne likhA hai ki 'd' dhAtu se 'ya' pratyaya saMyukta karane para dravya kI kartA aura karma meM niSpatti bana jAtI hai| yadyapi paryAya yA utpAda-vyaya usa dravya se abhinna hote haiN| tathApi kartR aura karma meM bheda vivakSA karake 'dravati gacchati' yaha nirdeza bana jAtA hai| jisase dravya kA svarUpa yaha ghaTita hotA hai ki 'jo sva aura para kAraNoM se hone vAlI utpAda aura vyaya rUpa paryAyoM ko prApta ho tathA paryAyoM ko jo prApta ho jAtA hai, vaha dravya hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla evaM bhAva-rUpa bAhya pratyaya rahane para bhI dravya meM svayaM usa paryAya kI yogyatA na ho, to paryAyAntara utpanna nahIM ho 230 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #240
sktii| donoM ke milane para hI paryAya utpanna hotI hai| jaise-pakane yogya ur3ada yadi bore meM par3A huA hai, to pAka nahIM ho sakatA aura yadi ghoTaka (na pakane yogya) ur3ada baTaloI meM ubalate hue pAnI meM bhI DAlA jAe, to bhI nahIM paka sktaa| tAtparya yaha ki utpAda aura vinAza Adi aneka paryAyoM ke hote rahane para bhI jo sAtatika dravyadRSTi se gamana karatA jAe, vaha dravya hai| aise dravya mAtra ke astitva ko grahaNa karane vAlA dravyAstika aura paryAya mAtra ke astitva ko grahaNa karane vAlA paryAyAstika hai athavA dravya hI jisakA artha hai-guNa aura karma Adi dravya rUpa hI haiM, vaha dravyArthika aura paryAya hI jisakA artha hai, vaha paryAyArthika hai| paryAyArthika kI dRSTi se atIta aura anAgata cU~ki vinaSTa aura anutpanna haiN| ataH unase koI vyavahAra siddha nahIM ho sktaa| isa dRSTi se vartamAna mAtra paryAya hI sat hai| dravyArthika dRSTi se anvayavijJAna anugatAkAra vacana aura anugata dharmoM kA lopa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ataH dravya hI artha hai| tAtparya yaha ki prApti yogya arthAt jise aneka avasthAe~ prApta hotI haiM evaM jo nirantara gamana karatA jAe-aisA dravya jisakA prayojana hai, vaha dravyArthika naya hai evaM paryAya jisakA prayojana hai, vaha paryAyArthika naya hai| ___ paryAya zabda 'pari' upasarga pUrvaka 'iNa' dhAtu se 'Na' pratyaya jur3ane para siddha hotA hai| AcArya akalaMka deva ne isakI vyutpatti karate hue likhA hai ki-'pari samantAdAyaH pryaayH| paryAya evArthaH kAryamasya na dravyam" arthAt jo saba-ora se bheda ko prApta kare, kAlakRta bheda ko prApta ho athavA vacana kA viccheda jisa kAla meM ho, vaha paryAya hai aura vaha kAla jinakA mUla AdhAra hai, vaha paryAyArthika naya hai| anya granthoM meM bhI AcArya akalaMkadeva ne paryAyArthika naya ko isI prakAra paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki vizeSa. bheda, vyatireka aura apavAda ye paryAya ke artha haiM, inako viSaya karane vAlA paryAyArthika naya hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM bhI isI prakAra kA lakSaNa pAyA jAtA hai| unhoMne dravya aura paryAya kA antara spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki dravya ekatvarUpa anvayAtmaka hotA hai| eka vastu meM kAlakrama se hone vAlI paryAyoM meM anusyUta ekatva dravya kA svarUpa hai| dravyatva anya dravyoM meM pAye jAne ke kAraNa, vahI anvayI hai| paryAya pRthaka evaM vyatireki hai| eka dravya meM kAlakrama se utpanna paryAyeM paraspara meM eka-dUsare se bhinna hotI haiN| eka dravya meM guNakarma, sAmAnya-vizeSa se paryAyarUpa pArthakya hai aura pratyekakSaNavartI paryAya apane se bhinna-kSaNavartI paryAya se bhinna hotI hai| yaha bhinnatA vyatireka hai| pratikSaNa ananta bhedoM ko AtmasAt kiye hue saMsArI jIva kI krodha Adi vyavahAra paryAyeM evaM jJAna Adi jIva kI nizcaya paryAyeM haiN| tIrthaMkaroM ke vacana inhIM do dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika nayoM meM saMgRhIta haiM, anya koI tIsarA prakAra nahIM hai| ina nayoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ye mati, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna ke bheda na hokara pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 231 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #241
dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ke rUpa meM svatantra rUpa se zrutajJAna meM vyavasthita haiN| jJAna-naya, artha-naya evaM zabda-naya zAstroM meM jJAna-naya, artha-naya aura zabda-naya ke rUpa meM nayoM kA tIna taraha se bhI vibhAjana pAyA jAtA hai, jo vizeSa rUpa se saptanayoM meM kiyA gayA hai| jaba pratyeka padArtha ko artha, zabda aura jJAna ke AkAroM meM bA~Tate haiM, taba unakA grAhaka-jJAna bhI svabhAvata: tIna zreNiyoM meM vibhakta ho jAtA hai, jinheM kramaza: artha-naya, zabda-naya aura jJAna-naya kahA jAtA hai| naigama-naya jJAna-naya aura artha-naya donoM hai| ullekhanIya hai ki saptabhaMgI kI prakriyA dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika donoM nayoM kI vivakSA se hotI hai aura ye naya saMgraha aura vyavahAra-rUpa hote haiN| artha-naya aura zabda-naya rUpa se bhI inake vibhAga haiN| saMgraha, vyavahAra aura RjusUtra arthanaya haiM tathA zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta zabda-naya haiN| avagata ho ki naya dvArA saptabhaMgI ke vivecana meM akalaMka ne naigamanaya tathA jJAnanaya kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| AptamImAMsA bhASya meM bhI akalaMka ne 'dravyaparyAyasthAnaH saMgrahAdinayaH' likhakara chaha nayoM ko mAnane kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| jJAta ho ki AcArya siddhasena ne saMgraha, vyavahAra Adi chaha hI naya mAne haiN| A. akalaMka ne saptanayoM ke vivecana meM naigamanaya kA pUrvaparamparAnusAra hI vivecana kiyA hai| 'laghIyastraya' grantha meM bhI naigama, saMgraha Adi saptanayoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki naigamanaya ke viSaya meM astitva kI spaSTa sUcanA na hone ke kAraNa use saptabhaMgI ke prasaMga meM chor3a diyA gayA hai| AzritanayaH nizcaya aura vyavahAra Agamika kAla meM adhyAtma-paraka vivecana nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM se hotA rahA hai| evaMbhUta aura vyavahAra nayoM se bhI ukta nayoM kA prayojana siddha ho jAtA hai| adhyAtma granthoM meM naigamAdi sAta nayoM ke sthAna para nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM ke dvArA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| donoM paddhatiyA~ siddhAnta kA hI nirvacana karatI haiN| donoM meM antara zarIra aura AtmA jaisA hai| eka dRSTi zuddha siddhAnta kA varNana karatI hai tathA dUsarI dRSTi siddhAnta taka pahu~cane kA mArga prazasta karatI hai| donoM nayoM kA prayoga pratipAdya kI yogyatA ke anusAra hotA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki paramabhAva zuddhasvabhAva kA avalokana karane vAle puruSoM ke dvArA zuddhasvarUpa kA varNana karane vAlA zuddhanaya nizcaya naya hai aura jo aparamabhAva meM sthita haiM, ve vyavahAra naya se upadeza dene ke yogya haiN| kisI eka naya ke pakSapAtiyoM ko AcArya amRtacandrasUri ke ye vacana sadaiva smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki jo ziSya vyavahAra aura nizcaya ko yathArtharUpa se jAnakara 232 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #242
madhyastha rahatA hai, pakSapAta nahIM karatA, vahI ziSya upadeza kA sampUrNa phala pAtA hai| aneka AcAryoM ne nizcaya aura vyavahAra nayoM ko mUla naya mAnakara dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika nayoM ko nizcaya hetu meM sAdhana mAnA hai| unhoMne yaha bhI likhA hai ki nizcaya naya hI dravyArthika naya hai athavA dravyArthika naya hI nizcaya naya hai evaM vyavahAra naya paryAyArthika naya hai athavA paryAyArthika naya hI vyavahAra-naya hai| kAraNa aura prayojanoM ke kAraNa donoM meM antara pAyA jAtA hai, para viSaya bheda nahIM hai| sampUrNa vastu ke sambandha meM uThe vivAda ko pramANa ke dvArA aura usake eka aMza ke vivAda ko naya ke dvArA hala kiyA jAtA hai| nayoM meM sAmAnya viSayavastu ko dravyArthika aura paryAya ko paryAyArthika viSaya karatA hai| isI taraha AtmA ke sambandha meM uThe sampUrNa vivAda ko nizcaya naya samApta karatA hai| AcArya akalaMka kI dRSTi meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika naya ke Azrita naya haiN| AcArya prabhAcandra aura AcArya amRtacandra sUri ne akalaMka ke mata kA samarthana kiyA hai| naigama, saMgraha Adi saptanaya pUrva meM jaisA ki spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki mUla naya do hI haiM-dravyArthika aura pryaayaarthik| AcArya kundakunda, samantabhadra evaM siddhasena Adi AcAryoM ne inheM hI mUla naya mAnA hai| naigamAdi naya inhIM nayoM kI zAkhA-prazAkhAe~ haiN| samantabhadra ne nayoM aura upanayoM ke rUpa meM bahunayoM kI ora bhI saMketa kiyA hai| jainavAGmaya meM saptanaya mAnane kI paramparAoM ke sAtha SaD va paMca nayoM ko mAnane vAlI paramparAe~ bhI dRSTigocara hotI haiM / tattvArthasUtra meM naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUtaye saptanaya mAne gae haiN| tattvArthasUtra ke TIkAkAroM ne bhI saptanayoM ke ullekha-pUrvaka TIkAe~ likhI haiN| inameM jaisA vivecana sarvArthasiddhi meM kiyA gayA hai, prAyaH vaisA hI vivecana tattvArthavArtika meM AcArya akalaMka dvArA saMgraha, vyavahAra aura RjusUtra-naya ko arthanaya, naigama ko artha-naya evaM jJAna-naya tathA zeSa tIna ko zabda-naya mAnA hai| laghIyastraya meM naigama saMgraha Adi cAra nayoM ko arthanaya evaM zeSa zabda-naya ke antargata rakhe gaye haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM mAnya AcArya umAsvAti ne naigama naya se zabda taka pA~ca hI naya svIkAra kiye haiN| isI grantha meM Age naigama naya ke do bheda-ekadeza parikSepI aura sarvaparikSepI tathA zabda naya ke bhI tIna bheda-sAmprata, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta bheda kiye gae haiN| ____ AcArya pUjyapAda kA anukaraNa karate hue AcArya akalaMka ne artha ke saMkalpamAtra ko grahaNa karane vAlA naigamanaya batAyA hai| bhAvisaMjJA meM upakAra Adi kI AzA banI rahatI hai, parantu naigamanaya meM to kalpanAmAtra hai, isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna dete hue akalaMka pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 233 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #243
ne likhA hai ki naya kA kArya kevala viSaya batAnA hai, upayogitA para vicAra karanA nahIM, phira bhI saMkalpa ke anusAra niSpanna vastu meM upakArAdi kI bhI sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai| 'nigacchanti tasminniti nigamanamAtraM vA nigama, nigame kuzalo bhavo vA naigamaH' arthAt andara se vikalpoM kA bAhara nikalanA naigama hai| ina vikalpoM meM jo rahe yA utpanna ho, vaha naigamanaya hai| laghIyastraya grantha meM akalaMka ne isa naya ko bheda yA abheda kA grahaNa karane vAlA batAyA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne naigama Adi RjusUtra paryanta cAra nayoM ko arthanaya mAnA hai tathA arthAzrita abheda vyavahAra kA saMgraha naya meM antarbhAva kiyA hai| naigamanaya ko siddhasena-jaise AcArya upacAra kahakara nahIM mAnate haiN| arthanaya kI apekSA se 'na ekaM gamaH naigamaH' yaha vyutpatti kI jAtI hai| jisakA tAtparya hai ki jo eka ko hI viSaya na kare, vaha naigamanaya hai| Agamika sAhitya meM isake bheda-prabhedAdi pUrvaka vistAra se varNana pAyA jAtA hai| saMgraha-naya sattA ko viSaya karatA hai| vaha samasta vastu-tattva kA sattA meM antarbhAva karake abhedarUpa se saMgraha karatA hai| sattA ko vizeSa UhA-poha-pUrvaka spaSTa karate hue AcArya akalaMka ne likhA hai ki anugatAkAra buddhi aura anugata zabda prayoga kA viSayabhUta sAdRzya yA svarUpa jAti hai| cetana kI jAti cetanatva aura acetana kI jAti acetanatva hai| ataH apane avirodhi sAmAnya ke dvArA una-una padArthoM kA saMgraha karane vAlA naya hai| jaise sat kahane se sattA sambandha ke yogya dravya, guNa, karma Adi sad vyaktiyoM kA grahaNa ho jAtA hai athavA dravya kahane se dravya vyaktiyoM kaa| syAdvAdamaMjarI ke anusAra vizeSoM kI apekSA na karake vastu ko sAmAnya se jAnanA saMgrahanaya hai| anya AcAryoM ne bhI prAyaH isake isI taraha ke svarUpa kA vivecana kiyA hai| vastutaH saMgraha-naya eka aisI manovRtti hai, jo vizva ke sabhI guNa-dharmoM Adi bhedoM ko vismRta kara eka akhaNDa svarUpa para hI vicAra karatI hai| yaha naya para aura apara ke bheda se aneka prakAra kA hai| vyavahAra naya asatya ko viSaya karatA hai, kyoMki vaha una paraspara bhinna satvoM ko grahaNa karatA hai, jinameM eka-dUsare kA asatya antarbhUta hai| sarala zabdoM meM ise isa taraha kaha sakate haiM ki saMgraha-naya ke dvArA saMgRhIta padArthoM meM vidhipUrvaka vibhAjana karanA vyavahAra naya kahalAtA hai| jaise sarvasaMgraha ne 'sat' aisA sAmAnya grahaNa kiyA thA, para isase to vyavahAra cala nahIM sakatA thaa| ata: bheda kiyA jAtA hai ki jo sat hai vaha dravya hai yA guNa, dravya bhI jIva hai yA ajIva, jIva aura ajIva sAmAnya se bhI vyavahAra nahIM calatA, ataH usake bhI deva, nAraka Adi tathA ghaTa, paTa Adi bheda loka-vyavahAra meM kiye jAte haiN| AcArya pUjyapAda ne Rju kA artha praguNa kiyA hai arthAt jo saralatA ko sUcita karatA hai| RjusUtra naya kA svarUpa batAte hue akalaMkadeva ne likhA hai 'sUtrapAtavadRjutvAt 234 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #244
RjusUtraH' arthAt jisa prakAra sarala sUta DAlA jAtA hai, usI prakAra RjusUtra naya eka samayavartI vartamAna paryAya ko viSaya karatA hai| atIta aura anAgata cU~ki vinaSTa aura anutpanna haiN| ata: unase vyavahAra nahIM ho sktaa| usakA viSaya eka-kSaNa-vartI vartamAna paryAya hai| kaSAyo bhaiSajyam' meM vartamAna kAlIna vaha kaSAya bhaiSaja ho sakatI hai, jisake rasa kA paripAka huA ho, na ki prAthamika alpa rasavAlA kaccA kssaay| isa naya kA lakSya mAtra laukika vyavahAra nahIM, balki vartamAna paryAya mAtra hai, kyoMki vastu vastutaH vaisI hai| isalie isa naya meM kauA kAlA nahIM hotA, palAla jalatI nahIM, aadi| vastutaH isa naya kA viSaya sarvathA pacyamAna, bhujyamAna, kriyamANa Adi bhI nahIM, kyoMki pacyamAna meM bhI kucha aMza to vartamAna meM pakatA hai tathA kucha aMza paka cukate haiN| isalie ise kathaMcit pacyamAna, kathaMcit bhujyamAna, kathaMcit kriyamANa Adi kahA jAnA caahie| isa naya meM samAnAdhikaraNa, dAha-dAhaka bhAva Adi bhI nahIM bana sakate, kyoMki yesaba do padArthoM se sambandha rakhate haiM, parantu yaha naya do padArthoM ke sambandha ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| sambandha aura samavAya sambandha bhI isa naya meM nahIM bnte| isa naya kI dRSTi meM pAna-bhojana Adi koI vyavahAra nahIM bntaa| sapheda vastu kAlI nahIM bana sakatI, kyoMki donoM kA samaya bhinna-bhinna hai| vartamAna ke sAtha atIta kA koI sambandha nahIM hai| ataH sajAtIya aura vijAtIya donoM upAdhiyoM se rahita kevala zuddha paramANu hI isa naya kA viSaya hai| akalaMka kahate haiM ki yaha naya vyavahAra-lopa kI cintA nahIM krtaa| yahA~ mAtra usakA viSaya batAyA gayA hai| vyavahAra to vyavahAra Adi nayoM se sadha jAtA hai| zabdanaya, RjusUtra naya ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye viSaya ko grahaNa karatA hai| yaha naya vyaMjana-paryAyoM ko grahaNa karatA hai| ve abheda tathA bheda do prakAra ke vacana-prayoga ko sAmane lAte haiN| zabda-naya meM paryAyavAcI vibhinna zabdoM kA prayoga hone para bhI usI artha kA kathana hotA hai, ataH abheda hai| yaha naya liMga, saMkhyA, sAdhana aura kAla Adi vyabhicAra kI nivRtti karatA hai| AcArya akalaMkadeva ne aneka udAharaNoM se spaSTa karate hue cuTakI lI hai ki yaha naya loka aura vyAkaraNazAstra ke virodha kI cintA nahIM krtaa| ___ aneka arthoM ko chor3akara kisI eka artha meM mukhyatA se rUr3ha hone ko samabhirUr3ha naya kahate haiN| jaise 'gau' Adi zabda vANI, pRthvI Adi gyAraha arthoM meM prayukta hone para bhI saba ko chor3akara mAtra eka sAsnAdi vAlI 'gAya' meM rUr3ha ho jAtA hai| AcArya akalaMka ne sUkSmakriyApratipAti, indra, zakra, purandara Adi udAharaNa dekara isa naya ko vistAra se samajhAyA hai| jo vastu jisa paryAya ko prApta huI hai, usI rUpa nizcaya karAne pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 235 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #245
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vAle naya ko evaMbhUtanaya kahate haiN| jaise--'gau' jisa samaya calatI hai, usI samaya gau hai baiThane aura sone kI avasthA meM nahIM / niSkarSa vastu ke AMzika cintana ko satya mAna lenA evaM anya aMzoM kI upekSA karanA satya kI asamagratA yA ekAntikatA kA bodha karAtI hai| nayadRSTi samagra satyAMzoM meM satyAMza samajhatI hai| dArzanika pRSThabhUmi meM jise pramANa ke aMza ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai / naya paraspara sApekSa hokara hI vyavahAra meM sAdhaka ho sakate haiM / naigama, saMgraha Adi naya pUrva kI apekSA uttarottara anukUla, sUkSma evaM alpa-viSaya vAle haiN| pUrva - pUrva kA naya uttarottara naya kA kAraNa hai| paraspara sApekSa hokara ye saptanaya tattva ke vivecana meM sahAyaka haiM tathA gauNa - mukhya vivakSA se paraspara-sApekSa hokara samyagdarzana ke kAraNa banate haiM aura puruSArthakriyA meM samartha hote haiM / nirapekSa - naya samyagjJAna kI utpatti nahIM kara sakate / pramANa kI taraha naya bhI jJAna kI hI vRttiyA~ hai / jo vaktA ke abhiprAya ke anusAra pramANa se hI AMzika rUpa meM prasphuTita hotI haiM / parantu naya na pUrNa pramANa hai na apramANa, varan pramANa kA aMza hai| nayavAda eka aisA dRSTikoNa hai, jo vaicArikadvandvako parisamApta karatA hai / vaicArika ekAMgI durAgraha vizva kI mUla - samasyAoM kI jar3a hai| yadi vyakti dUsaroM ke vicAroM kA Adara kare evaM usake vicAroM ke prati sahiSNu rahe, taba kabhI bhI TakarAva kI sthiti utpanna nahIM ho sakatI / vastu-svarUpa kA vAstavika parijJAna naya ke binA nahIM ho sakatA aura vastu-rUpa ke jJAna hue binA ratnatraya kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI / jaba taka ratnatraya kI prApti nahIM hogI, taba-taka mukti kA mArga avaruddha hI rahegA / isalie naya-prakriyA ko sUkSmatA se samajhanA Avazyaka hai / nikSepa kA svarUpa evaM upayogitA jIvAdi tattvoM ke saMvyavahAra ke lie nikSepa prakriyA kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| AgamoM meM artha-nirUpaNa kI yahI prAcIna paddhati rahI hai / zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM tathA zabda kA vivakSita artha na lekara svArtha ke lie anyArtha grahaNa karane vAloM ke nirAkaraNa ke lie nikSepa - vidhi kI atyanta sArthakatA hai / kisa zabda kA kyA artha hai, yaha nikSepavidhi dvArA vistAra se batAyA jAtA hai| vaktA yA zrotA ko zabda ke vivakSita artha ke atirikta anapekSita artha se bacAne ke lie bhI nikSepoM kI upAdeyatA hai| vastutaH isa prakriyA se zabda kI bhrAnti dUra hotI hai / 'nikSepa' zabda 'ni' upasarga pUrvaka 'kSip' dhAtu se niSpanna hai / jisakA artha nyAsa yA rakhanA hotA hai| dhavalAkAra ne 'nyAsa' kA artha upAya kiyA hai aura likhA hai ki 236 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #246
jo saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya meM sthita vastu ko nikAlakara nizcaya meM kSepaNa karatA hai, use nikSepa kahate haiN| sabhI jainAcAryoM ne prAyaH yahI artha kiyA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne nikSepa kI upayogitA para prakAza DAlate hue likhA hai ki 'aprakRta kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie aura prakRta kA nirUpaNa karane ke lie nikSepa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki prakRta meM kisa zabda kA kyA artha hai, yaha nikSepa-vidhi ke dvArA vistAra se batalAyA jAtA hai| nikSepa ke bheda jaba bhI kisI sArthaka zabda ke sambandha meM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, taba vaha kama se kama cAra prakAra kA hI ho sakatA hai| ve hI zabda vAcya-artha-sAmAnya kI apekSA se nikSepa ke rUpa meM cAra prakAra se vyavasthita haiN| ve haiM-nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhaav| ye cAra nikSepa ke bheda digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM ke AcAryoM dvArA prArambha se adyAvadhi taka nirvivAda rUpa se svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| avagata ho nayoM kI taraha nikSepa bhI ananta haiM, jinakA antarbhAva inhIM cAra nikSepoM meM ho jAtA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama va dhavalA meM ina cAroM nikSepoM ke atirikta kSetra aura kAla ko bhI saMyukta kara vargaNAnikSepa ke chaha bheda svIkRta kara pratyeka prakaraNa kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai| vastutaH vyAvahArika jagat meM padArthoM kA nikSepa zabda, jJAna aura artha tIna prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai| jAti, guNa, kriyA Adi nimittoM ko dhyAna meM na rakhakara kisI kA koI bhI nAma rakha denA nAma-nikSepa hai| jaise-kisI vyakti kA nAma indra rkhnaa| isameM parama aizvarya rUpa indana kriyA nahIM hai, phira bhI indra kahalAtA hai| yaha kevala zabdAtmaka artha kA AdhAra hai| guNa, kriyA Adi ke AdhAra para jisakA nAmakaraNa ho cukA hai, usakI tadAkAra yA atadAkara vastu meM sthApanA karanA, sthApanA-nikSepa hai| yathAindrAkAra pratimA meM indra kI yA zataraMja ke muharoM meM hAthI, ghor3A Adi kI sthApanA karanA / yahA~ jJAnAtmaka artha kA Azraya hotA hai| atIta aura anAgata paryAya kI yogyatA kI dRSTi se vyavahAra karanA dravya-nikSepa hai| jaise-yuvarAja ko rAjA kahanA athavA jisane rAjapada chor3a diyA hai, use bhI rAjA khnaa| vartamAna paryAya kI dRSTi se hone vAlA vyavahAra bhAva-nikSepa hai| jaise-rAjya karane vAle ko rAjA khnaa| nAma aura sthApanA nikSepoM meM saMjJA rakhe jAne ke kAraNa donoM eka-jaise pratIta hote haiM, para donoM meM bahuta antara hai| prathama meM mAtra saMjJA hai, dvitIya meM guNa, kriyAdi ke AdhAra para rakhe gaye nAma se yukta aprastuta pASANa, kASTha Adi meM sthApanA kara pUjA, Adara anugrahAdi kI abhilASA kI jAtI hai| dravya aura bhAva kI yadyapi pRthaka sattA nahIM hai, phira bhI saMjJA, lakSaNa Adi kI dRSTi se ina donoM meM bhinnatA hai| loka pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 237 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #247
vyavahAra meM eka hI vastu meM nAma, sthApanA Adi cAroM vyavahAra bana jAte haiN| nAmanikSepa ke jAti, dravya, guNa, kriyA Adi, sthApanA-nikSepa ke asadbhAva, akSa, varATaka Adi, dravya-nikSepa ke Agama, no-Agama Adi bheda-prabheda kiye gaye haiN| pramANa, naya aura nikSepa meM antara jahA~ jIvAditattvoM ke adhigama ke lie pramANa aura naya Avazyaka haiM, vahA~ jIvAditattvoM ke saMvyavahAra ke lie nikSepa prakriyA kA bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| vastutaH nikSepa bhASA aura bhAva kI saMgati hai| samyagjJAna pramANa hai, jJAtA ke hRdaya kA abhiprAya naya hai evaM nikSepa upAya svarUpa hai| nayacakravRtti meM likhA hai ki pramANa aura naya se nirNIta padArtha nikSepa kA viSaya hotA hai| zabda ke aneka artha hote haiM, usameM prayojaka ko kauna sA artha abhISTa hai, yaha nirNaya nikSepa-prakriyA dvArA hotA hai| akhaNDa jJeya padArtha ke jo bheda kiye jAte haiM, vaha nikSepa hai tathA usa bheda ko jAnane vAlA jJAna naya kahalAtA hai| _AcArya pUjyapAda ne AgamagranthoM kI taraha samagra-viSaya-vastu ko nikSepa-vidhi meM bA~dhakara naya-dRSTi se vicAra kiyA hai| paramparA kA nirvAha karate hue unhoMne bhAvanikSepa paryAyArthika naya kA viSaya evaM zeSa tIna nAma, sthApanA aura dravya nikSepa dravyArthika naya ke viSaya batAye haiN| 'tattvArthavArtika' meM yaha prazna uThAyA gayA hai ki jaba nAma, sthApanA aura dravya, dravyArthika naya ke viSaya haiM tathA bhAva paryAyArthika naya kA, taba svatantra rUpa se nikSepoM kA kathana nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie, isakA samAdhAna yaha diyA gayA hai ki nayoM kA kathana viSaya kI dRSTi se hai tathA nikSepoM kA kathana viSayI kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| jo mandabuddhi haiM, unake lie bhI naya aura nikSepa kA pRthakpRthak vivecana Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| sandarbha-grantha 1. AptamImAMsA, samantabhadra, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, dillI 2. sanmatiprakaraNa, siddhasena, saM. sukhalAla saMghavI, be. doSI jJAnodaya TrasTa, ahamadAbAda 3. Agama yuga kA jainadarzana, paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA 4. jainadarzana, paM. mahendrakumAra jaina, gaNeza varNI jaina granthamAlA, vArANasI 5. jainanyAya, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI 6. Rgveda sAyaNabhASya sahita, vaidika saMzodhana maMDala, tilaka, ma. vidyApITha pUnA 7. zatapatha brAhmaNa 8. aitareya brAhmaNa 9. carakasaMhitA, sUtrasthAna 238 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #248
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 10. vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, ayodhyAkANDa, mahAbhArata, Adiparva, zAntiparva, evaM manusmRti 11. kauTilIyam arthazAstram www. kobatirth.org 12. nyAyadarzana, nyAyasUtra, nyAya bhA. nyAya yA. Adi saMskRta granthamAlA, kalakattA 13. bhAratIya darzana, saM. DaoN. na. ki. devarAja, uttara pradeza hindI saMsthAna, lakhanaU 14. sarvArthasiddhi, AcArya pUjyapAda, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI 15. samantabhadra granthAvalI, akalaMkakRta, AptamImAMsAbhASya evaM paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra ke hindI anuvAda sahita, saMkalana, DaoN. gokulacandra jaina, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, bInA 16. yuktyanuzAsana, AcArya samantabhadra 17. nyAyAvatAra, AcArya siddhasena, paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, bambaI 18. laghIyastraya, AcArya akalaMka 19. parIkSAmukha, AcArya mANikyanandi 20. pramANaparIkSA, AcArya vidyAnandi, saM. DaoN. da. lA. koThiyA, vIra sevA mandira TrasTa vArANasI 21. tattvArthazlokavArtikam, AcArya vidyAnandi, manoharalAla nirNaya sAgara presa, bambaI 22. pramANamImAMsA, AcArya hemacandra, saM. sukhalAla saMghavI jaina grantha, ahamadAbAda 23. nyAyadIpikA, abhinava dharmabhUSaNa yati, vIra sevA mandira, sarasAvA 24. pramANasamuccayavRtti sahita, maisUra vizvavidyAlaya 25. pramANavArtikam 26. tattvasaMgraha paMjikA 27. aSTasahastrI, AcArya vidyAnandi, akalUja, solApura 28. vaizeSikasUtra 29. nyAyabhASya 30. sAMkhyatattvakaumudI 31. yogasUtra 32. prakaraNapaMji, kA. hi. vi. vi. kAzI 33. mImAMsAsUtra 34. vedAntaparibhASA 35. tattvArthavArtika, AcArya akalaMka Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 36. aSTazatI, AcArya akalaMka 37. samantabhadra avadAna, DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina, syAdvAda prasAriNI sabhA, jayapura 38. dhavalA, AcArya vIrasena 39. tiloyapaNNatti, AcArya yativRSabha 40. tattvArthasUtra, AcArya umAsvAmI 41. SaTkhaNDAgama, AcArya bhUtabali, puSpadanta 42. puruSArthasiddhyupAya, AcArya amRtacandra 43. tattvArthAdhigamabhASya, AcArya umAsvAti 44. AptaparIkSA, AcArya vidyAnandi 45. syAdvAdamaMjarI, AcArya malliSeNa 46. siddhivinizcaya, AcArya akalaMka pramANa, naya aura nikSepa :: 239 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #249
47. nyAyavinizcaya, AcArya akalaMka 48. nayacakra, mAilla dhavala 49. daravArIlAla koThiyA abhinandana grantha 50. AlApapaddhati, AcArya devasena 51. sanmatiprakaraNa 52. gommaTasAra karmakANDa, AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI, 53. samayasAra, AcArya kundakunda 54. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 2, kSu. jinendra varNI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha,nayI dillI 240 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #250
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org dravya-guNa- paryAya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir DaoN. rAkezakumAra jaina jainadarzana meM saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA mukhya kAraNa moha ko mAnA gayA hai| moha kA mukhya kAraNa sva-para bheda-jJAna kA abhAva hai| bheda-jJAna karane hetu sva-parapadArthoM ke dravya-guNaparyAya kA samyak parijJAna honA atyanta Avazyaka hai / ' dravya-guNa-paryAya ke samyak parijJAna ke abhAva meM hamArI dRSTi kabhI bhI samyak nahIM ho sakatI / dravya-guNa-paryAya ke samyagjJAna se 'zUnya hamArI dRSTi hamezA mithyA hI banI rahatI hai aura isa vizva ko usake virATsvarUpa meM na dekhakara, manuSyaparyAya mAtra meM ahaMkAra - mamakAra karake vaha atyanta saMkucitapane ko prApta hotI hai - isa mithyAdRSTi ko hI AcAryoM ne para- samaya' kahA hai| vizva yA loka kI paribhASA - Agama meM vizva yA loka kI paribhASA sAmAnyatayA SaDadravyAtmakaloka......' arthAt 'chaha dravyoM ke samUha' kI jAtI hai / parantu yaha paribhASA dravya-kSetra - kAla-bhAva meM se mAtra dravya ko pradhAna karake kI jAtI hai tathA kSetra - kAla - bhAva kI isameM gauNatA hI hai / yadyapi kSetra - kAla - bhAvAdi kA ukta loka kI paribhASA meM abhAva nahIM hotA, tathApi dravya-vivakSA meM hI una sabakA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai; ataH kSetra kI pradhAnatA meM paMcAstikAyoM ke samUha ko loka kahate haiM, kAla kI pradhAnatA meM nau padArthoM ke samUha ko loka kahate haiM aura bhAva kI pradhAnatA meM sAta tattvoM ke samUha ko loka kahate haiM aisA bhI hama kaha sakate haiM I padArtha kA svarUpa - isa vizva meM jo koI bhI jAnane meM Ane vAlA padArtha hai; vaha samasta dravya-maya, guNa-maya aura paryAya - maya hai / dRzyamAna jJeyabhUta yA arthabhUta padArtha mUlataH dravya - maya hote haiM, kyoMki padArtha meM mAtra eka dravya yA aneka dravyoM kA saMyoga dikhAyI detA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki aisA koI padArtha nahIM hai, jisameM dravya na hoM yA ve dravya - maya na hoN| yadyapi padArtha, paryAya - - svarUpa yA guNa-svarUpa bhI ho sakate haiM, parantu guNa yA paryAya bhI to dravya ke hI Azrita haiM ataH padArthoM kI dravya-guNa- paryAyamayatA abAdhita hai| padArtha yA artha kI dravya-guNa- paryAyamayatA - AcArya kundakunda ne pravacanasAra gAthA 87 meM dravya, guNa aura paryAya - aise tIna prakAra kA artha kahA hai| ataH artha zabda kA prayoga dravya-guNa-paryAya - ina tInoM ke lie prayukta hotA hai; dravya-guNa- paryAya :: 241 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #251
parantu kabhI dravya ke lie, kabhI guNa ke lie, kabhI paryAya ke lie aura kabhI dravyaguNa-paryAya Adi tInoM ko milAkara bhI prayukta hotA hai| vahA~ jo guNoM aura paryAyoM ko prApta karate haiM athavA jo guNoM aura paryAyoM ke dvArA prApta kiye jAte haiM - aise sarva artha 'dravya' haiM; jo dravyoM ko Azraya ke rUpa meM prApta karate haiM athavA jo AzrayabhUta dravyoM ke dvArA prApta kiye jAte haiM - aise sarva artha 'guNa' haiM; tathA jo dravyoM ko kramapariNAma se prApta karate haiM athavA jo dravyoM ke dvArA kramapariNAma se prApta hote haiM - aise sarva-artha 'paryAya' haiN| dravya-guNa-paryAya kA sAmAnya svarUpa dravya- dravya kA lakSaNa sat hai aura jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya yukta hai, vaha sat hai| isa prakAra dravya kA lakSaNa utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya kI ekatA hai| dravya meM prati-kSaNa navIna paryAya kI prApti rUpa utpAda hai, pUrva paryAya kA tyAga, rUpavyaya hai tathA dravya kA apane svabhAva-rUpa meM bane rahanA dhrauvya hai| jaise- pudgala kI navIna ghaTa rUpaparyAya kA utpanna honA utpAda hai, usase pUrva kI piNDarUpa paryAya kA nAza honA vyaya hai aura donoM avasthAoM meM miTTIpane yA pudgalapane meM usakA kAyama rahanA dhrauvya hai| pariNamana karate rahanA dravya kA mUlabhUta svabhAva hai, kyoMki pariNamana ke binA dravya meM artha-kriyA yA (prayojanabhUtakriyA) aura arthakriyA ke binA usake lopa kA prasaGga AtA hai| isa sambandha meM DaoN. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya ne kahA hai- "pratyeka vartamAnaparyAya apane samasta atIta saMskAroM kA parivartita puMja hai aura apanI samasta bhaviSyat yogyatAoM kA bhnnddaar|... dravya meM utpAdazakti yadi pahale kSaNa meM paryAya ko utpanna karatI hai, to vinAzazakti usa paryAya kA dUsare kSaNa meM nAza kara detI hai arthAt prati-samaya yadi utpAdazakti kisI nUtanaparyAya ko lAtI hai, to vinAzazakti usI samaya pUrvaparyAya kA nAza karake usake lie sthAna khAlI kara detI hai| isa taraha isa virodhI-samAgama ke dvArA dravya pratikSaNa utpAda, vinAza aura isakI kabhI vicchinna nahIM honevAlI dhrauvya-paramparA ke kAraNa vilakSaNa hotA dravyoM ke chaha bheda kahe gaye haiN| yahA~ SaDdravya kahane se dravyoM kI kula saMkhyA chaha hai- aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie, balki dravyoM kI jAtiyA~ chaha haiM- aisA samajhanA caahie| dravyoM kI saMkhyA to anantAnanta hai| jabaki jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla - ye dravyoM kI chaha jAtiyA~ haiN| vizva-saMracanA kI jo mUlabhUta vastue~ haiM, ve hI dravya haiM / ve anAdinidhana svataHsiddha haiM, unheM kisI ne banAyA nahIM hai| vartamAna meM jo dRSTigocara padArtha haiM, ve to jIva-pudgala dravyoM kI saMyoga-janita paryAyeM haiM; jaise- hameM yaha zarIra dikhAyI detA hai, yaha mUlabhUta dravya nahIM hai, yaha to eka sthUla bahuta pudgala dravyoM ke saMyoga-janita paryAya hai; parantu yaha zarIra jina mUlabhUta paramANuoM se racita hai, ve 242 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #252
dravya haiN| ___guNa - jainadarzana meM guNa koI pRthak padArtha nahIM hai (vaizeSikadarzana meM guNa ko pRthak padArtha mAnA hai) balki dravya kI sahabhAvI vizeSatAoM ko hI guNa kahA gayA hai athavA jo sampUrNa dravya meM vyApta rahate haiM aura usakI samasta paryAyoM meM vyApaka rahate haiM; unheM guNa kahate haiM athavA jo dravya ko dravyAntara se pRthak karatA hai, vaha guNa hai|' pratyeka dravya meM ananta guNa hote haiN| guNoM ko aneka prakAra se vibhAjita kara sakate 1. svAbhAvikaguNa aura vaibhAvikaguNa, 2. sAmAnyaguNa aura vizeSaguNa,' 3. sAdhAraNaguNa aura asAdhAraNaguNa,10 4. anu-jIvI guNa aura prati-jIvI guNa,11 5. guNoM ke anya prakAra se tIna bheda haiM- sAdhAraNa, asAdhAraNa aura sAdhAraNAsAdhAraNa,2 6. eka aura prakAra se guNoM ke cAra bheda haiM- anujIvI, pratijIvI, paryAyazakti rUpa aura ApekSika dharmarUpA, paryAya - jo sarva ora se bheda ko prApta ho, use paryAya kahate haiN|4 athavA guNoM kI pratisamaya honevAlI avasthA kA nAma paryAya hai'5 athavA jo svabhAva-vibhAva-rUpa se pariNamana karatI hai, vaha paryAya hai| __paryAyoM ke bheda aneka prakAra se kiye jAte haiM; jaise- dravyaparyAya-guNaparyAya, arthaparyAyavyaMjanaparyAya, svabhAvaparyAya-vibhAvaparyAya, zuddhaparyAya-azuddhaparyAya, kAraNazuddhaparyAyakAryazuddhaparyAya, kramabaddhaparyAya yA kramaniyamitaparyAya aadi| phira inake bhI uttarottara bhedaprabheda haiN| vAstava meM dravya aura guNa alaga-alaga padArtha nahIM hai, isa kAraNa dravya ke pariNamana meM guNoM kA pariNamana evaM dravya ke sarva guNoM ke akhaNDa pariNamana meM dravya kA pariNamana antargarbhita ho jAtA hai| jaise paryAya ke do bheda haiM- dravyaparyAya aura gunnpryaay| dravya ke pariNamana ko dravyaparyAya aura guNa ke pariNamana ko guNaparyAya kahate haiM, kyoMki guNoM se bhinna dravya koI alaga vastu nahIM hai, isI kAraNa pradezatva guNa ke pariNamana ko vyaMjanaparyAya aura pradezatvaguNa ko chor3akara anya guNoM ke pariNamana ko arthaparyAya kahA jAtA hai|18 isI prakAra tattvataH guNa aura paryAya sarvathA pRthak-pRthak siddha nahIM hote, kyoMki ye kathaMcit bhedAbhedAtmaka haiN| yadi guNoM ko sarvathA nitya aura paryAyoM ko sarvathA anitya mAnA jAe, to vastu meM sarva prakAra se arthakriyAkAritva kA virodha AtA hai arthAt jagat meM koI kArya hI nahIM ho sakatA; ata: guNa aura paryAyoM se pRthak dravya nAmaka koI vastu hI dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 243 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #253
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nahIM hai| dravya-guNa-paryAya meM sarvathA abhinnatA hI nahIM, kathaMcit bhinnatA bhI-dravya-guNaparyAya meM paraspara bhinnatA hai yA nahIM? - isa prazna kA uttara sIdhe-sIdhe yA sarvathA to nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai| dravya-guNa-paryAya meM kathaMcit abhinnatA aura kathaMcit bhinnatA hotI hai| kathaMcit abhinnatA kA kAraNa pradeza-bheda aura astitva-bheda kA abhAva hai; jabaki kathaMcit bhinnatA kA kAraNa saMjJA, saMkhyA, lakSaNa Adi haiN| abheda vivakSA meM dravya ke antargata usake guNoM aura usakI traikAlika svabhAva-vibhAva-rUpa paryAyoM kI yogyatAoM kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| dhyAna rahe isa abheda vivakSA meM dravya ko kisI eka paryAya-rUpa athavA kisI eka guNa-rUpa nahIM dekhA jAtA, yadi hama use kisI eka paryAya-rUpa yA eka guNa-rUpa dekhate haiM, to isase usakA ananta guNAtmakapanA aura trikAlatvapanA khaNDita ho jAtA hai| hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki inameM do dravyoM jaisI bhinnatA nahIM hai, kyoMki inameM pradeza-bheda kA abhAva hai, ise pRthaktva kA niSedha kahate haiM, kyoMki unameM saMjJA, saMkhyA, lakSaNa, prayojana Adi kI apekSA se bheda hai, ise anyatva kA samarthana kahate haiN| dravya-guNa-paryAya tInoM ke nAma alaga-alaga haiM - yaha saMjJA-bheda hai| dravya eka hai, guNa ananta haiM, paryAyeM anantAnanta haiM - yaha saMkhyA-bheda hai| jo dravya kA lakSaNa hai, vahI guNa yA paryAya kA lakSaNa nahIM hai -yaha lakSaNa-bheda hai| isI prakAra dravya kA prayojana guNa-paryAyoM kA bheda kiye binA abheda akhaNDa vastu kA jJAna karAnA hai tathA adhyAtma kI dRSTi se nija-dravya yA AtmA, dhyAna kA viSaya yA Azraya karane yogya upAdeya hai - yaha dravya kA prayojana hai| guNa kA prayojana dravya kI mahimA utpanna karAne hetu usakI vizeSatAoM ko batAnA hai; jabaki paryAya kA prayojana dravya-guNa ke kAryoM ko batAnA hai - yaha prayojana-bheda hai| ___dravya kA vizeSa svarUpa-jo svabhAva ko chor3e binA, utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya se saMyukta hai, guNavAn hai, paryAya-sahita hai; vaha dravya hai -aisA sarvajJadeva ne kahA hai| pratyeka dravya meM ananta guNa hote haiM aura usa dravya aura usake guNoM kI prati-samaya eka sUkSma paryAya hotI hai, ata: yadi jJAnacakSu se dekhA jAe to pratyeka dravya, pratisamaya ananta guNoM evaM unakI trikAlavartI ananta paryAyoM kA akhaNDa piNDa dikhAI detA hai| dravya, guNa aura paryAya meM yadyapi kathana kI apekSA krama dikhAyI detA hai; isaprakAra ye-saba ekarasAtmaka eka akhaNDa vastu haiN| dravya kI aneka vyAkhyAe~ jinAgama meM prApta hotI haiM -kahIM para guNa-paryAyavAn ko dravya kahA hai, kahIM para mAtra guNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahA hai| kahIM para trikAlavartI paryAyoM ke samUha ko dravya kahA hai, kahIM para utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya sahita ko sat aura sat ko dravya kA lakSaNa kahA hai, kahIM para anvaya ko dravya kahA hai, to kahIM para ukta sabhI ke samuccaya ko dravya kahA hai| 244 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #254
dravya ke paryAyavAcI nAma dravya ke paryAyavAcI nAmoM meM nimna mukhya haiM- sat, sattva, sattA, avAntara-sattA, pariNAmI, sAmAnya, tadbhAva-sAmAnya, sAdRzya-sAmAnya, tiryak-sAmAnya, vistAra-sAmAnya, UrdhvatA-sAmAnya, trikAlI, dhruva, nitya, anvaya, utsarga, anuvRtti, artha, padArtha, vastu, cIja, prabhu, vibhu, prameya, jJeya, sapradezI, pradezavAn, vizeSavAn, guNavAn, paryAyavAn, guNaparyAyavAn, astitvavAn, sattAvAn, utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyavAn, svabhAvavAn, bhAvavAn, vIryavAn, guNI, dharmI, asti, astitva, svarUpAstitva, astikAya, bhAva, tattva, paramArtha, upAdAna, kAraNa, kartA, vyApaka, svatantra, svAdhIna ityAdi aneka dRSTiyoM se aneka nAma dravya kI svabhAvaparaka zAbdika vyAkhyA 'dravya' zabda 'dru' dhAtu se banA hai, jisakA artha -prApta honA, prApta karanA, daur3anA, jAnA, gamana karanA, anusaraNa karanA, bahanA, calanA, tarala honA, dravita honA, pighalanA, galanA, Adi hai| ina sabhI arthoM kA vicAra kiyA jAye, to 'dravya' kI ina kriyAoM, pariNamanazIlatA yA utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya ke AdhAra para paMcAstikAya gAthA 9 kI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandradeva ne dravya kI vyutpatti (nirukti) sundara rIti se spaSTa kI haidravati gacchati sAmAnyarUpeNa vyApnoti tAMstAn kramabhuvaH sahabhuvazca sadbhAvaparyAyAn svabhAva-vizeSAnityanugatArthatayA niruktyA dravyaM vyAkhyAtam arthAt jo dravita hotA hai, prApta hotA hai arthAt jo sAmAnyarUpa se yA svarUpa se una-una kramabhAvI aura sahabhAvI sadbhAvarUpa svabhAva-vizeSoM meM vyApta hotA hai, vaha dravya hai - isa prakAra anugata artha vAlI nirukti (vyutpatti) se dravya kI vyAkhyA kI gii| isI gAthA kI AcArya jayasena kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA meM kahA hai ki - 'dravati svabhAvaparyAyAna, gacchati vibhAvaparyAyAn'aisA artha karane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki dravya, apanI svabhAva-paryAyoM-rUpa to svayaM dravita hotA hai, parantu vibhAva-paryAyoM-rUpa bAhya nimitta Adi kI sApekSatA meM gamana karatA hai|" 'dravya' isa zabda meM do artha chipe hue haiM - dravaNazIlatA aura dhruvtaa| jagat kA pratyeka padArtha pariNamanazIla hokara bhI dhruva hai| Azaya yaha hai ki pratyeka padArtha, apane guNoM aura paryAyoM kA kabhI bhI ullaMghana nahIM karatA; usake pravAhita hone kI niyata dhArA hai, jisake Azraya se vaha pravAhita hotA rahatA hai| dravya kI zuddhatA se tAtparya-chaha dravyoM ko mala svarUpa meM dekhane para sarvatra zaddhatA ke hI darzana hote haiM, kyoMki dravya-dRSTi se vicAreM, to dravya meM kabhI azuddhatA AtI hI nahIM hai; azuddhatA hamezA paryAya taka hI sImita hone se paryAyadRSTi kA hI viSaya banatI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki dravya, yadi anya dravyarUpa ho jAe yA dravya meM anya dravya kA praveza ho dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 245 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #255
jAe, to hI vaha dravya azuddha kahalAegA, parantu dravya kabhI anya dravyarUpa hotA nahIM hai aura na hI anya dravya kA usameM kabhI praveza hotA hai; ataH isa dravyadRSTi se dravya meM kabhI azuddhatA nahIM hotii| samayasAra kI chaThI gAthA kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM 'zuddha' zabda kA artha karate hue likhA hai- eSa evAzeSadravyAntarabhAvebhyaH bhinnatvenopAsyamAnaH zuddha: ityabhilapyate arthAt yahI samasta anya dravyoM ke bhAvoM se bhinnarUpa se upAsita hotA huA 'zuddha' kahalAtA hai| ___ azuddhatA kA sambandha milAvaTa se hai, lekina mUla dravyoM meM kabhI milAvaTa nahIM hotI aura yadi unameM milAvaTa honA mAna bhI leM, to -phira vaha milAvaTa kabhI dUra nahIM ho sakegI, kyoMki phira to usake mUla dravya meM hI milAvaTa ho gaI, aba vaha dUra kaise ho sakatI hai? paryAyadRSTi se paryAya meM azuddhatA to svIkAra kI hI gaI hai, parantu jaba usa azuddhaparyAya ko dravya ke sAtha tanmaya karake dekhate haiM, to aisA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki dravya bhI usa kAla meM usa paryAya se tanmaya hone se azuddha hai tathA paryAya kI azuddhatA miTane para paryAya kI zuddhatA se dravya tanmaya hone se dravya zuddha huA - aisA bhI kaha sakate haiM, lekina yaha-saba kucha paryAyadRSTi se hI hai| guNa kA vizeSa svarUpa- sUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI ke anusAra- dravyAzrayA nirguNA guNAH arthAt jo dravya ke Azraya se rahate haiM aura svayaM nirguNa hote haiM, unheM guNa kahate haiN| 22 isI sUtra kI TIkA0 - sarvArthasiddhi, rAjavArtika, tattvArthavRtti Adi meM eka gAthA uddhRta hai, usameM 'guNa idi davvavihANaM'- aisA pATha hai arthAt dravya meM bheda karanevAle dharma ko guNa kahate haiM, kyoMki guNoM ke AdhAra para hI dravya kI mahimA hotI hai| kisa padArtha kI kyA vizeSatA hai-yaha guNoM ke dvArA hI jAnA jA sakatA hai| ___AcArya dharmabhUSaNa ne guNoM ko 'yAvadravyabhAvinaH sakalaparyAyAnuvartino guNAH' 23 kahA hai - isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba taka dravya rahegA, taba taka usake sAtha guNa raheMge aura usakI samasta paryAyoM kA anusaraNa kreNge| isameM yaha pratidhvanita hotA hai ki jaise dravya pariNamana karate haiM, vaise usake guNa bhI pariNamana karate haiN| jaise - dravya nityAnityAtmaka haiM, vaise guNa bhI nityAnityAtmaka haiN| jaise- paryAyoM kI apekSA dravya anitya hai, to usa apekSA se usake guNa bhI anitya haiN| isI vyAkhyA kA sahArA lekara guruvarya gopAladAsa baraiyA ne guNa kI paribhASA isa rUpa meM dI hai - jo dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM aura usakI sampUrNa avasthAoM meM pAye jAte haiM, unheM guNa kahate haiM24 tathA dravya ko anvaya to guNa ko anvayI mAnA gayA hai - 'anvayinaH guNaH' 25 - aisA pATha hai| guNa kI paribhASA meM prayukta 'nirguNa' zabda ke sambandha meM aisA niyama hai ki jaise dravya meM guNa pAye jAte haiM, vaise guNa meM anya guNa nahIM rhte| ataeva guNa svayaM guNarahita rahate haiM, isa prakAra yadyapi jo dravya ke Azraya se rahate haiM aura svayaM vizeSa rahita haiM, ve guNa haiN| 26 guNa ke paryAyavAcI nAma- zakti, lakSaNa, vizeSa, dharma, rUpa, guNa, svabhAva, prakRti, 246 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #256
zIla, AkRti aura aMga- ye-saba jaina paramparAnusAra ekArthavAcaka zabda haiN| 27 guNoM kI nityAnityAtmakatA 28 ___paMcAdhyAyI meM guNoM kI nityAnityAtmakatA kA samarthana atyanta spaSTatA ke sAtha kiyA gayA hai anyamata-vAdI dravya ke guNoM ko sarvathA nitya yA sarvathA anitya athavA kucha guNoM ko sarvathA nitya aura kucha guNoM ko sarvathA anitya mAnate haiM, jabaki jainadarzana meM jisa prakAra dravyoM ko nityAnityasvarUpa mAnA hai, usI prakAra guNoM ko bhI dravya se abhinna hone ke kAraNa nityAnityasvarUpa mAnA hai| yaha sarvamAnya hai ki guNa nitya hote haiM aura paryAyeM anitya hotI haiN| yahA~ guNoM ko dravya ke samAna nityAnityAtmaka kyoM kahA gayA hai? ....kyoMki dravya meM guNa sadA vidyamAna rahate haiM, ata: guNoM ko bhI dravya apekSA nitya aura paryAya apekSA anitya mAnanA yogya hai| yadyapi guNa nitya haiM, tathApi ve binA prayatna ke svAbhAvikarUpa se hI pariNamana karate rahate haiM, parantu vaha pariNamana unakI hI avasthA hai, unase bhinna sattA nahIM hai, isase bhI guNoM kI nityAnityAtmakatA siddha hotI hai| "guNa nitya hote haiM yA anitya- yaha vivAda purAnA hai, kintu jaina-paramparA inameM se kisI bhI eka pakSa ko svIkAra nahIM karatI hai| jainamata meM dravya ke samAna guNa bhI kathaMcit nitya aura kathaMcit anitya hote haiM, kyoMki guNa, dravya se pRthak nahIM pAye jAte; isalie dravya kA jo svabhAva ThaharatA hai, guNoM kA bhI vahI svabhAva prApta hotA hai| aisA nahIM hotA ki koI guNa, vartamAna meM ho aura kucha kAla bAda na rhe| jitane bhI guNa haiM, ve sadA pAye jAte haiN|... ataH dravya ke samAna guNoM ko sarvathA nitya kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai? arthAt nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isase jJAta hotA hai ki guNa kathaMcit anitya bhI haiN| isa prakAra yadyapi guNa kathaMcit nityAnityAtmaka siddha hote haiM, tathApi jo kAryakAraNa meM sarvathA bheda mAnate haiM, ve guNoM ko sarvathA nitya aura paryAyoM ko sarvathA anitya mAnane kI sUcanA karate haiM, para unakI yaha sUcanA ThIka nahIM hai| tattvataH vicAra karane para dravya, guNa aura paryAya sarvathA pRthak-pRthak siddha nahIM hote, kintu jaina-paramparA meM inasaba meM kathaMcit bheda svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, isalie jaise dravya nityAnitya prApta hotA hai, vaise guNa bhI kathaMcit nityAnitya siddha hote haiN|" 29 uparyukta vivecana ke uparAnta hama aisA bhI kaha sakate haiM ki jainadarzana meM dravyArthikanaya se dravya-guNa-paryAya nitya haiM tathA paryAyArthikanaya se dravya-guNa-paryAya anitya haiM- yaha kahA hai, kyoMki dravyArthikanaya kA viSaya dravya hai, ata: dravyAzrita dravya-guNa-paryAya nitya haiM tathA paryAyArthikanaya kA viSaya paryAya hai, ataH paryAyAzrita dravya-guNa-paryAya anityatA dekhatA hai| dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 247 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #257
guNarUpa pRthak padArtha kyoM nahIM? zaMkA-nau padArthoM yA sAta tattvoM meM dravyarUpa aura paryAyarUpa padArtha yA tattva to mAne gaye haiM, parantu guNarUpa padArtha yA tattva nahIM mAne gaye - isakA kyA kAraNa hai? samAdhAna --- kyoMki guNa, dravyoM yA padArthoM ke Azraya se hI rahate haiM, unakA svatantra astitva nahIM hai| yadyapi paryAyoM kA bhI svatantra astitva nahIM hai, ve bhI dravya ke Azraya se hI rahatI haiM, tathApi vyaMjana-paryAya-rUpa kucha sthUlaparyAyoM kI padArtha saMjJA Agama meM varNita hai| padArtha hone se unakI vizeSatAoM kA honA aura jAnanA bhI jarUrI hai, ata: una vyaMjanaparyAyarUpa padArthoM kI vizeSatAoM ko bhI guNa hI kahA jaaegaa| dravya aura guNa ke do rUpa dravya aura guNoM ke do rUpa dekhane meM Ate haiM - eka zakti rUpa aura dUsarA vyktiruup| tAtparya yaha hai ki zaktirUpa meM usakI traikAlika vyaktiyoM ke darzana ho sakate haiN| jabaki vyakti rUpa meM kevala vartamAnaparyAya yA vyakta rUpa ke hI darzana hote haiN| jaise- mithyAdRSTi AtmA meM yA usake jJAnaguNa meM kevalajJAna kI zakti to hai, parantu vartamAnaparyAya meM yathAyogya kumati-kuzruta-jJAna hone se kevalajJAna kA abhAva hai| isI prakAra sarva guNoM aura sarva dravyoM meM zakti-rUpa aura vyakti-rUpa ko spaSTatayA jAnanA caahie| paryAya kA vizeSa svarUpa paryAya kA vizada spaSTIkaraNa karate hae kSullaka jinendra varNI kahate haiM- 'paryAya kA vAstavika artha vastu kA aMza hai| dhruva, anvayI yA sUkSma tathA kSaNika, vyatirekI yA krama-bhAvI ke bheda se ve aMza do prakAra ke hote haiN| anvayI ko guNa aura vyatirekI ko paryAya kahate haiM / ve guNa ke vizeSa pariNamanarUpa hotI haiM / aMza kI apekSA yadyapi donoM hI aMza paryAya haiM, para rUr3hi se kevala vyatirekI aMza ko hI paryAya kahanA prasiddha hai|" 31 paryAya ke paryAyavAcI paryAya ke paryAyavAcI nAmoM meM vizeSa, apavAda, vyAvRtti, vikAra, avasthA, vRtyaMza, vyavahAra, vikalpa, bheda, paryAya, paryava, paryaya, pariNAma, aMza, bhAga, vidhA, prakAra, bheda, cheda, bhaMga Adi haiN| paryAya kI vyutpatti evaM lakSaNa 248 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #258
paryAya zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra hai - svabhAvavibhAvarUpatayA yAti paryeti pariNamatIti paryAyaH iti paryAyasya vyutpattiH arthAt jo svabhAva-vibhAvarUpa hotI hai, gamana karatI hai, pariNamatI hai, pariNamana karatI hai, vaha paryAya hai| __ 1. parisamantAt bhedameti gacchatIti paryAyaH arthAt jo sarva ora se bheda ko prApta ho yA bhedarUpa pariNamita ho, use paryAya kahate haiN| 34 ___ 2. dravya, apane dravyatva ko kAyama rakhate hue aneka guNoM ke mAdhyama se jo prayojanabhUta artha-kriyA karatA rahatA hai, una artha-kriyAoM kI hI paryAya saMjJA hai| 3. vyatirekiNaH paryAyAH arthAt paryAyeM vyatirekI hotI haiN| 36 4. padArthoM ke pradeza nAma ke avayava bhI paraspara vyatirekayukta hone se paryAya haiN|" 5. kramavartinaH paryAyAH arthAt eka ke bAda dUsarI- aise krama-pUrvaka hotI haiM, ataH paryAyeM kramavartI kahalAtI haiN| 38 / 6. dravya ke vikAra ko hI paryAya kahate haiN| 39 8. svAbhAvika yA naimittika, virodhI yA avirodhI sabhI avasthAoM kI vikAra saMjJA hai| 40 9. pratyeka dravya meM jo sAmAnya-vizeSa-guNa vidyamAna haiM, unake pariNamana yA vikAra ko hI paryAya kahate haiN| 47 ___10. dravya aura guNoM donoM se paryAyeM hotI haiN| 42 ___ 11. jo-jo vyavahAranaya, bhedanaya yA paryAyArthikanaya kA viSaya hai, vaha-saba paryAya hai| pariNamanazIlatA se tAtparya : nirantara gamana karane vAlI relagAr3I kA sAMgopAMga udAharaNa pratyeka dravya kA pariNamana svabhAva hai, sUkSmadRSTi se vaha prati-samaya badalatI rahatI hai| pratyeka dravya kI isa prati-samaya honevAlI pariNamanazIlatA se kyA tAtparya hai?.... vAstava meM pratyeka dravya nirantara pariNamana svabhAva ke kAraNa paryAyoM meM gamana kara rahA hai, eka samaya ke lie bhI sthira nahIM hai| jaise- eka relagAr3I nirantara gamana kara rahI hai, vaise hI pratyeka dravya nirantara gamana kara rahA hai, vaha eka-eka samaya rukatA huA gamana nahIM kara rahA hai, prati-samaya gamana kara rahA hai| jaise- calatI huI relagAr3I kA phoTo khIMcane para vaha phoTo hameM sthira dikhAI detA hai, lekina vAstava meM vaha Trena phoTo khIMcate samaya bhI eka samaya ke lie bhI vahA~ khar3I nahIM huI thI; usI prakAra pratyeka dravya apanI paryAyoM meM pariNamana kara rahA hai, jaba use jAnate haiM, to hameM jJAna meM vaha eka-samaya ke lie sthira dikhAyI detA hai, parantu vaha dravya eka samaya ke lie bhI sthira nahIM huA hai| mAtra jJAna meM hI usa samaya kI dravya kI dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 249 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #259
avasthA kA jJAna hotA hai, ise hI dravya kI tAtkAlika paryAya kahA jAtA hai| ___ jaise- phoTo khIMcane para hameM yaha patA calatA hai ki itane bajakara, itane miniTa, itane sekeNDa para vaha gAr3I yahA~ thI, aisI thI, usa samaya itanI spIDa thI, aadi| usI prakAra pratyeka dravya pariNamana karatA huA nizcita samaya para kahA~ thA, kaisA thA, usake bhAva kaise the,- Adi kA patA calatA hai| jaise- relagAr3I pUrva-pUrva avasthA yA sTezana ko chor3atI jAtI hai aura navIna-navIna avasthA yA sTezana ko prApta karatI rahatI hai, - yahI usakA vyaya aura utpAda hai tathA vaha apanI paTarI ko nahIM chor3atI, apane mArga ko nahIM chor3atI hai, - yahI usakA dhrauvyapanA hai; usI prakAra pariNamana-svabhAva ke kAraNa hI dravya pUrva-pUrva avasthA kA tyAga aura navIna-navIna avasthA kA grahaNa karatA jAtA hai, -yahI vyaya aura utpAda hai, parantu apane maulika svabhAva ko vaha nahIM chor3atA -yahI usakA dhrauvyapanA hai| jaise- relagAr3I meM usake Dabbe aura mArga meM AnevAle sTezana Adi nizcita hote haiM, usI prakAra pratyeka dravya kI paryAyeM aura unake nimitta-naimittika sambandha vAle saMyoga bhI nizcita hote haiN| __ jaise- kaunasI relagAr3I, kitane baje, kahA~, kisa spIDa se, kisa iMjana ke mAdhyama se, kisa avasthA meM pahu~catI hai - yaha nizcita hotA hai; usI prakAra pratyeka dravya kaba, kahA~, kisa puruSArtha-pUrvaka, kisa nimitta ke mAdhyama se, kisa avasthA meM hogI- yaha bhI nizcita hotA hai| jaise- koI mahAna jyotiSI yA nimittavettA bhUta-bhaviSya meM hone vAlI relagAr3I kI durghaTanA Adi kI jAnakArI de detA hai; usI prakAra sarvajJa bhagavAna yA vizeSa avadhimana:paryayajJAnI yA kadAcit vizeSa nimittajJAnI bhI bhUta-bhaviSya meM hone vAlI ghaTanAoM ko jAnate haiM, kadAcit upasthita hoM to batA bhI dete haiM, unakI divyadhvani meM bhI A jAtA hai| eka guNa kI eka samaya meM eka hI paryAya kA matalaba ___ eka guNa kI eka samaya meM eka hI paryAya hotI hai- yaha nirvivAda siddhAnta hai kyoMki kramabhAvI paryAyeM kramazaH hI hotI haiM, ataH eka guNa kI do paryAyeM yA adhika paryAyeM eka-sAtha nahIM ho sakatI haiM? guNoM ke pariNamana kA artha kyA? __ sAmAnyatayA guNoM ke pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN| yadyapi yaha paribhASA sthUladRSTi se ThIka hai, parantu sUkSmadRSTi se vicAra kareM to usakA javAba yaha hai ki 'guNa' pariNamana nahIM karatA; 'dravya' pariNamana karatA hai tathA usa pariNamanazIla dravya kI tAtkAlika 250 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #260
vizeSatA ko 'guNa-paryAya yA guNa kI paryAya' kahate haiM, athavA jitane samaya taka usa dravya kI vaha paryAya rahegI, utane samaya taka usa paryAyayukta dravya ke jo guNa yA vizeSatAe~ haiM; unheM hI 'guNa-paryAya' nAma se kahA jAtA hai| 'dravyAzrayA nirguNA guNA:'isa niyama ke anusAra svayaM nirguNa hone se pariNamana karane kA guNa, guNa meM nahIM hotA, guNa to dravya kA anugamana karate haiN| dravya nityAnitya hai, to guNa bhI nityAnitya haiN| dravya, dravyadRSTi se nitya hai, to guNa bhI usa dRSTi se nitya hai tathA dravya, paryAyadRSTi se anitya hai, to usake guNa bhI usa dRSTi se anitya haiM; ataH dravya jisa rUpa meM pariNamana karatA hai, usI rUpa meM usake guNa ho jAte haiM, isI ko 'guNa-paryAya' kahate haiN| dravya hI sarvazaktimAna vastu- isa sampUrNa vizva meM dravya hI sarvazaktimAna vastu hai, padArtha hai; usake hI guNa hote haiM, vahI pariNamana karatA hai, usake hI pradeza hote haiN| pradeza, guNa, paryAya Adi saba dravya ke hI vibhAga haiM, aMza haiM; ata: una pradeza, guNa, paryAya Adi meM svayaM kucha zakti nahIM hai athavA binA dravya ke ve kucha- bhI kAryakArI nahIM haiM, sabakucha dravya kA hI hai| pradeza kI paryAyeM yA guNa kahanA, guNoM ke pradeza yA paryAyeM kahanA yA paryAyoM ke pradeza yA guNa kahanA- ye saba upacarita kathana haiN| vAstava meM dravya ke hI pradeza hote haiM, dravya ke hI guNa hote haiM aura dravya kI hI paryAyeM hotI haiN| dravya cU~ki apane pradezoM meM rahatA hai| ataH guNa bhI unhIM pradezoM meM rahate haiM, paryAyeM bhI unhIM pradezoM meM hotI haiM, parantu guNa yA paryAya kA pradezoM se kucha lenA-denA nahIM hai| basa, itanA hI unakA sambandha hai ki pradeza bhI usI dravya ke haiM aura guNa bhI usI dravya ke haiM aura paryAyeM bhI usI dravya kI haiN| dravya meM pradeza rahate haiM yA dravya pradezavAn hai arthAt dravya sadA apane pradezoM meM rahatA hai -aisA pradezatvaguNa yA niyatapradezatvazakti dravya kI hai, parantu pradeza to kSetravAcI hai; ataH pradeza koI guNa nahIM hai, balki pradezatva, dravya kA guNa hai| isI prakAra dravya kI prati-samaya koI na koI paryAya hotI hai - aisI pariNamanazakti yA dravyatvaguNa dravya kA hai, parantu paryAya svayaM koI guNa nahIM hai, paryAyatva dravya kA guNa avazya hai| isI paryAyatva nAmaka guNa ko hI Agama kI bhASA meM dravyatvaguNa kahA gayA hai| pariNamana kisakA? dravya kA, guNa kA yA paryAya kA isa prazna kA samAdhAna jAnane se pUrva hameM yaha jAnanA jarUrI hai ki sAmAnyatayA paryAya ko pariNamanazIla kahA jAtA hai| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki paryAya pariNamana karatI hai, dravya yA guNa pariNamana nahIM karate; parantu vAstava meM paryAya aMza pariNamana nahIM karatA, kyoMki vaha svayaM to kSaNika hai; jo svayaM kSaNika hai, vaha pariNamana kaise karegA? isI prakAra dhrauvya aMza bhI pariNamana nahIM karatA, kyoMki vaha to sthira hai; jo svayaM sthira hai, vaha pariNamana kaise karegA? ataH dravya hI pariNamana karatA hai aura usake vartamAnakAlIna pariNamana kI hI paryAya saMjJA hai| paryAya to svayaM naSTa ho jAtI hai, ata: vaha pariNamana kaise kara sakatI dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 251 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #261
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org hai ? pariNamanazIlatA dravya kA svabhAva hai, ataH yadi paryAya pariNamana karake navIna paryAya ko utpanna kare, to vaha naSTa hI nahIM hogI, kyoMki svayaM naSTa honevAlA dUsare ko utpanna kaise karegA? yadi vaha naSTa nahIM ho, to navIna paryAya hogI hI nahIM / vAstava meM vaha pUrva paryAya apane ko naSTa bhI nahIM karatI, kyoMki vaha to svayaM vidyamAna hai, ataH jo svayaM vidyamAna hai, vaha svayaM ko naSTa nahIM kara sakatI; ataH dravya hI svayaM dhruva raha kara pUrva paryAya ko naSTa karatA hai aura navIna paryAya ko utpanna karatA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki dravya hI utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvya se yukta hokara pariNamana karatA hai / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jaba dravya, utpAda-vyaya - dhrauvya se yukta hai to usake aMzabhUta guNa aura paryAya bhI svAbhAvikarUpa se utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvyAtmaka siddha hote haiN| vAstava meM mUlataH to dravya hI sat hai aura vahI utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvyAtmaka hai; parantu dravya, guNa-paryAyoM se bhinna vastu nahIM hai; ataH guNa- paryAya bhI utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvyAtmaka haiM / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvya kI siddhi paryAya ke dvArA hI hotI hai arthAt dravya utpAda-vyaya - dhrauvyAtmaka hai, parantu utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvya dravya kI paryAyoM ke Azrita hI hote haiM, paryAyoM meM hI utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvya parilakSita hote haiM aura paryAyeM dravya meM hotI haiM; ataH utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvya bhI dravya ke hI siddha hote haiM - yahI dravya kI utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvyAtmakatA hai| 45 paryAyoM ke bheda-prabheda paryAya ke mukhyataH do bhedoM kA kathana aneka prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai - 1. dravyaparyAya aura guNaparyAya - paryAyeM dravyAtmaka bhI hotI haiM aura guNAtmaka bhI / 47 paryAyeM do prakAra kI hotI haiM- dravyaparyAya aura guNaparyAya / 48 jo aneka dravyAtmaka ekatA kI pratipatti kI kAraNabhUta hai, vaha dravyaparyAya hai 19 jina paryAyoM meM guNoM ke mAdhyama se anvaya-rUpa ekatva kA jJAna hotA hai, unheM guNaparyAya kahate haiN| 50 - dravyaparyAya ke do bheda haiM- svabhAva - dravyaparyAya aura vibhAvadravyaparyAya / svabhAvadravyaparyAya saba dravyoM meM samAna hai| 51 vibhAvadravyaparyAya ke do bheda haiMsamAnajAtIyavibhAvadravyaparyAya aura asamAnajAtIyavibhAvadravyaparyAya / 52 guNaparyAya ke do bheda haiM-- svabhAva- - guNaparyAya aura vibhAva-guNaparyAya / svabhAvaguNaparyAya ke do bheda haiM- sAdhAraNasvabhAva - guNaparyAya aura vizeSasvabhAva-guNaparyAya / agurulaghuguNa ke nimitta se honevAlI SaDguNI hAni - vRddhirUpa paryAya sAdhAraNasvabhAva - guNaparyAya hai| jIvadravya meM honevAlI kevalajJAnAdirUpa paryAyeM vizeSasvabhAva - guNaparyAya haiN| 53 rAgAdiparyAyeM vibhAvaguNaparyAyeM haiN| 54 2. svabhAvaparyAya aura vibhAvaparyAya paryAya ke do bheda haiM- svabhAvaparyAya aura 252 :: jainadharma paricaya - For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #262
vibhaavpryaay| dravya aura guNa donoM kI paryAyeM, ina donoM prakAra kI hotI haiN| svabhAvaparyAya ke do bheda sambhava haiM - dravyasvabhAvaparyAya aura gunnsvbhaavpryaay| dravyasvabhAvaparyAya ke do bheda haiM - sAmAnyadra vyasvabhAvaparyAya aura vishessdrvysvbhaavpryaay| sAmAnyadravyasvabhAvaparyAya saba dravyoM meM samAna hai| vizeSadravyasvabhAva-paryAya ke jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAladravya kI apekSA chaha bheda haiN| kAraNa-kArya kI apekSA vizeSadravyasvabhAvaparyAya do prakAra kI haiM - vizeSadra vyakAraNasvabhAvaparyAya aura vizeSadra vyakAryasvabhAvaparyAya / vizeSadravyakAraNasvabhAvaparyAya to anAdi-ananta eka-rUpa zuddha hai| lekina vizeSadravyakAryasvabhAvaparyAya dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla-dravya kI anAdi zuddha hotI hai aura jIva kI vizeSadravya kAryasvabhAvaparyAya eka bAra zuddha hone ke bAda sAdianantakAla ke lie zuddha ho jAtI hai| jabaki pudgaladravya kI kAdAcitka hone se sAdisAnta hotI hai| aisA bhI mAnA jAtA hai ki koI-koI pudgala paramANu traikAlika zuddha bhI hote haiM, kyoMki ve kabhI azuddha skandhapane ko prApta nahIM hote| guNasvabhAvaparyAya ke bhI do bheda haiM - sAmAnyaguNasvabhAvaparyAya aura vishessgunnsvbhaavpryaay| sAmAnyaguNasvabhAvaparyAya saba dravyoM meM samAna haiM / vizeSaguNasvabhAvaparyAya ke do bheda haiM- anAdizuddhavizeSaguNasvabhAvaparyAya aura saadishuddhvishessgunnsvbhaavpryaay| anAdizuddhavizeSaguNasvabhAvaparyAya ke cAra mukhyataH bheda haiM- dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla-dravya ke vizeSaguNa anAdi se zuddha haiN| jIva aura pudgaladravya ke bhI anantavizeSaguNa anAdizuddha haiN| sAdizuddhavizeSaguNasvabhAvaparyAya ke mukhyata: do bheda haiM- jIva aura pudgaladravya ke sAdizuddhavizeSaguNoM kI apekSA ye bheda banate haiN| vibhAvaparyAya ke do bheda haiM- dravyavibhAvaparyAya aura gunnvibhaavpryaay| dravyavibhAvaparyAya ke do bheda haiM- jIvadravyavibhAva-paryAya aura pudgaladravyavibhAva-paryAya / guNavibhAvaparyAya ke do bheda haiM - jIvaguNavibhAvaparyAya aura pudglgunnvibhaav-pryaay| 3. arthaparyAya aura vyaMjanaparyAya - 'arthaparyAya' aura 'vyaMjanaparyAya' ke rUpa meM do prakAra kI paryAyeM mAnI gaI haiN| 57 . jo dravya ko kramapariNAma se prApta karate haiM athavA prApta kiye jAte haiM, ve arthaparyAya haiN| arthaparyAya sUkSma hai, jJAnaviSayaka hai; ataH zabda se nahIM kahI jA sktii| yaha mAtra vartamAnakAlika vastu ko viSaya karatI hai, isalie AcAryoM ne ise 'RjusUtranaya' kA viSaya mAnA hai| vajrazilA, stambhAdi meM vyaJjana saMjJA se utpanna huI paryAya ko vyaMjanaparyAya kahate haiN| vyaMjana-paryAya sthUla evaM zabdagocara hai tathA apekSAkRta sthAyI bhI mAnI jAtI hai| jaise - miTTI kI piNDa, sthAsa, koSa, kuzala, ghaTa aura kapAla Adi paryAyeM vyaMjanaparyAyeM dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 253 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #263
haiN| micchattaM pi vaMjaNapajjAo arthAt mithyAtva bhI vyaMjanaparyAya hai| 4. kAraNazuddhaparyAya aura kAryazuddhaparyAya - zuddhaparyAya do prakAra kI hotI haiM - kAraNazuddhaparyAya aura kaaryshuddhpryaay| yahA~ sahajazuddha nizcaya se anAdi-ananta, amUrta, atIndriyasvabhAvavAle aura zuddha - aise sahajajJAna-sahajadarzana-sahajacAritrasahajaparamavItarAgasukhAtmaka zuddhaantaHtattvasvarUpa jo svabhAva-anantacatuSTaya kA svarUpa, usake sAtha rahanevAlI pUjya paMcamabhAva- pariNati (paramapAriNAmikabhAva) hai, vahI kAraNazuddhaparyAya hai - aisA artha hai| sAdiananta, -amUrta, atIndriyasvabhAvavAle zuddhasadbhUtavyavahAranaya se kathita, kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana-kevalasukha-kevalazaktiyukta phalarUpa anantacatuSTaya ke sAtha rahanevAlI jo paramotkRSTa kSAyikabhAva kI zuddhapariNati hai, vahI kAryazuddhaparyAya hai| 60 ___5. kramabhAvI paryAya aura sahabhAvI paryAya - paryAyeM do prakAra kI haiM - kramabhAvI aura shbhaavii| jo paryAya, eka ke bAda eka krama se hotI haiM, ve kramabhAvI paryAya kahalAtI haiN| kramabhAvI paryAya ke bhI do bheda haiM - kriyArUpa aura akriyArUpa tathA jo dravya meM eka sAtha rahane vAle guNa haiM, unheM sahabhAvI paryAya kahate haiN| 6. UrdhvaparyAya aura tiryakaparyAya - paryAya ko UrdhvaparyAya aura tiryakaparyAya ke rUpa meM bhI vargIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise - tIna kAla ke aneka manuSyoM kI apekSA se manuSya kI jo ananta paryAyeM haiM, ve tiryakaparyAya kahI jAtI haiN| yadi eka hI manuSya ke pratikSaNa honevAle pariNamana ko paryAya kaheM to vaha UrdhvaparyAya hai| 62 ___7. kAlApekSA se paryAyoM ke bheda - kAla kI apekSA paryAya ke cAra bheda haiM - sAdi-sAnta, sAdi-ananta, anAdi-sAnta, anaadi-annt| 63 sAdi-sAnta paryAya - jisa paryAya kA Adi bhI ho aura anta bhI, jaise harSa-viSAda aadi| sAdi-ananta paryAya - jo paryAya utpanna to hotI ho para jisakA anta na hotA ho; jaise jIva kI siddha paryAya / anAdi-sAnta paryAya- jo paryAya kabhI utpanna na huI ho, arthAt anAdi se ho para jisakA anta ho jAtA hai; jaise jIva kI saMsArI paryAya / anAdi-ananta paryAya - jisa paryAya kA na Adi ho na anta; jaise dharmAstikAya kI zuddhadravyaparyAya aura abhavya jIva kI ashuddhpryaay| sadutpAda aura asadutpAda dravya meM pratisamaya jo paryAya utpanna hotI hai, use utpAda kahate haiM; usa utpAda ke sambandha meM yaha prazna hotA hai ki vaha dravya meM pahale se hotA hai yA navIna utpanna hotA hai? - isa prazna kA uttara do nayoM se diyA jAtA hai| dravyArthikanaya se jo dravya meM vidyamAna 254 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #264
hotA hai, vahI utpanna hotA hai, yaha sadutpAda hai tathA paryAyArthikanaya se jo dravya meM vidyamAna nahIM hotA hai, vaha utpanna hotA hai - yaha asadutpAda hai| 64 paryAya kI kAraNa vaha paryAya svayaM __jinAgama meM eka RjusUtranaya kA kathana hai, isa naya kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para utpAda-vyaya Adi paryAyoM kA koI kAraNa nahIM hotA hai, na hI koI usakA AdhAra hotA hai, na sahacArI hotA hai, na usakA koI bhUta hotA hai, na bhaviSya hotA hai, usakA koI kartA-karmakaraNa-sampradAna-apAdAna yA adhikaraNa bhI nahIM hotA hai| basa! jo paryAya hai, vaha vahI hai - itanA hI RjusUtranaya kA viSaya hai| isI ke AdhAra para nimitta-upAdAna ke prakaraNa meM tatsamaya kI yogyatA arthAt donoM kI tAtkAlika yogyatA ko hI kArya kA vAstavika kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| 65 dravya-guNa-paryAya kA paraspara-Azrayatva kucha logoM kI aisI avadhAraNA hai ki dravya kI kathanI meM paryAya kI bAta nahIM A sakatI tathA paryAya kI kathanI meM dravya kI bAta nahIM A sakatI athavA unakI dRSTi meM dravya kI kathanI meM kevala dravya kI bAta AnA cAhie, guNa yA paryAya kI nahIM aura tathA guNa kI kathanI meM kevala guNa kI bAta AnA cAhie, dravya yA paryAya kI nahIM, isalie paryAya kI kathanI meM kevala paryAya kI bAta AnA cAhie, dravya yA guNa kI nhiiN| isa sambandha meM vAstavikatA yaha hai ki dravya kI kathanI meM yA dravyArthikanaya se dravya kI samasta paryAyeM yA vizeSa, sAmAnya ke rUpa meM hI dikhAI dete haiM tathA paryAya kI kathanI meM yA paryAyArthikanaya se dekhane para dravya, paryAyoM athavA vizeSoM se tanmaya hone ke kAraNa vaha dravya paryAyasvarUpa hI bhAsita hotA hai| aisA nahIM hai ki dravyArthikanaya kisI paryAyarahita dravya ko dekhatA hai aura paryAyArthikanaya kisI dravyarahita paryAya ko dekhatA hai, balki donoM naya eka hI vastu ko dekhate haiN| dravyArthikanaya jisa vastu ko sAmAnyarUpa se dekhatA hai, paryAyArthikanaya use hI vizeSarUpa se dekhatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki dravyArthikanaya kI kathanI meM paryAyoM kA antarbhAva dravya meM ho jAtA hai aura paryAyArthikanaya kI kathanI meM dravya kA antarbhAva paryAya meM ho jAtA hai| zuddhAzuddha dravya-guNa-paryAya zuddhaguNaparyAyAdhArabhUtaM zuddhAtmadravyaM dravyaM bhaNyate arthAt siddhaparamAtmA ke dravya ko siddhaparamAtmA ke zuddhaguNoM aura zuddhaparyAyoM kA AdhArabhUta mAnA hai, usasamaya bhUta-bhaviSya kI paryAyoM kA AdhAra use nahIM mAnA hai| yahA~ siddhaparamAtmA kI mAtra paryAya ko hI zuddha dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 255 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #265
nahIM kahA hai, balki guNa aura dravya ko bhI zuddha kahA gayA hai, lekina yahA~ traikAlika guNa yA dravya ko zuddha nahIM kahA jA rahA hai| mAtra jisasamaya zuddhaparyAya se pariNata hai tathA jaba zuddhaguNoM se yukta hai, tabhI AtmA ko zuddhAtmadravya kahA jA rahA hai - yaha bhI Agamokta zailI hai, ise samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki yadi zuddhAtmadravya kA artha trikAlazuddha paramapAriNAmikabhAva kiyA jAtA hai, to vaha trikAlazuddhaguNaparyAyoM kA hI AdhArabhUta mAnA jaaegaa| yadi vaha trikAla zuddha hai, to usake guNa bhI trikAla zuddha hI sambhava haiM, paryAyeM bhI trikAla zuddha hI lI jAe~gI, ve bhI paramapariNAmikabhAvasvarUpa hI hoMgI, aupazamika-kSAyopazamika-kSayikabhAvasvarUpa paryAyoM kA isameM antarbhAva nahIM hogA - yaha lAkSaNika dRSTi se sammata vicAra hai| dravya to sadAkAla zuddha hai - aisI bhI vivakSA Agama meM AtI hai, parantu aisI bhI vivakSA Agama meM vidyamAna hai ki dravya jisasamaya zuddhaguNa-paryAyoM kA AdhArabhUta banatA hai, tabhI vaha zuddha hai| zuddhaparyAya se yukta dravya zuddha kahA jAtA hai| dravya ke prati-samaya ke pariNamana ko 'paryAya' kahA jAtA hai, jabaki prati-samaya pariNamana karate hue dravya kI usa samaya usa paryAyagata jo-jo vizeSatAe~ hotI haiM, unheM bhI guNa kahate haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki yadi dravya kA pariNamana zuddha hai to zuddhapariNamana ke samaya usakI samasta vizeSatAe~ yA guNa bhI zuddha hI kahalAe~ge, parantu jaba dravya kA pariNamana azuddha hai, to usakI samasta vizeSatAe~ yA guNa bhI azuddha hI khlaaeNge| yahI kAraNa hai ki zuddha yA azuddha guNaparyAya ke AdhArabhUta dravya ko bhI zuddha yA azuddha kahA hai| muktajIva meM zuddhadravya ke guNa-paryAya to zuddha haiM hI, lekina unakA dravya bhI zuddha, kSetra bhI zuddha, kAla bhI zuddha aura bhAva bhI zuddha hotA hai; -isI prakAra saMsArI jIva meM azuddhadravya ke guNa-paryAya bhI azuddha haiM tathA usakA dravya bhI azuddha, kSetra bhI azuddha, kAla bhI azuddha aura bhAva bhI azuddha hai, kyoMki yadi hama sva-dravya ko zuddha mAneM, svakSetra ko zuddha mAneM, sva-kAla ko zuddha mAne, svabhAva ko zuddha mAneM aura svadravya ke guNoM ko bhI zuddha mAneM to paryAya ke azuddha hone kA koI kAraNa hI nahIM hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki dravya-guNa-paryAya kA yaha viSaya jinAgama meM atyanta vistAra ke sAtha vyAkhyAyita kiyA gayA hai tathA use atyanta prayojanabhUta bhI mAnA gayA hai, usake binA mokSamArga kI prApti honA atyanta duSkara hai| nirvikalpa anubhava se pUrva vikalpAtmakarUpa se yadi AtmA kA nirNaya samyak nahIM huA to nirvikalpatA bhI kaise sAdhya ho sakatI hai? sandarbha ___ 1. draSTavya, tattvapradIpikA pravacanasAra 89 2. pravacanasAra 93 256 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #266
3. AtmakhyAti samayasAra 49 4. paMcAstikAyasaMgraha gAthA 5 5. jainadarzana 109-110 tathA saiMtAlIsa zaktiyA~ 33-39 - bhUtAvasthatvarUpA bhAvazaktiH / zUnyAvasthatvarUpA abhaavshktiH| bhavatparyAyavyayarUpA bhaavaabhaavshktiH| abhavatparyAyodayarUpA abhaavbhaavshktiH| bhavatparyAyabhavanarUpA bhaavbhaavshktiH| abhavat paryAyAbhavanarUpA abhaavaabhaavshktiH|- samayasAra AtmakhyAti TIkA pariziSTa 6. jaina siddhAnta pravezikA prazna 3 7. jainendra siddhAnta koza 2/240 8. paramAtmaprakAza 1/57 9. adhyAtmakamalamArtaNDa 2/7-83; tattvapradIpikA pravacanasAra 95 10. paramAtmaprakAza TIkA 1/58 11. jaina siddhAnta pravezikA prazna 75-76 12. paramAtmaprakAza TIkA 1/58 evaM samayasAra pariziSTa zakti 26 13. zlokavArtika bhASA 2/1/4/53/158 14. kaSAyapAhur3a 1/1,13,14 evaM tAtparyavRtti niyamasAra 1 15. tattvArthasUtra 5/42/ evaM paMcAdhyAyI pUrvArddha 117 16. AlApapaddhati 6 evaM zrutabhavanadIpakanayacakra pRSTha 57 17. draSTavya, jainendra siddhAnta koza 3/45-46 18. jaina siddhAnta pravezikA prazna 41 va 44 19. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA 328 20. pravacanasAra 95 21. paMcAstikAyasaMgraha TIkA 9; aura dekheM, sarvArthasiddhi 1/5 va 1/29; dhavalA 1/83, dravyasvabhAvaprakAzakanayacakraM 35, tattvArthavRtti 5/2, tattvapradIpikA pravacanasAra 87, tattvArthavArtika 1/17 va 6/6, niruktakoSa pR0 151, yogazAstra, AvazyakasUtravRtti, anuyogadvAra TIkA Adi 22. tattvArthasUtra 5/41 23. nyAyadIpikA 31 78/121 24. jaina siddhAnta pravezikA prazna 2 25. tattvArthavRtti 5/38 26. sarvArthasiddhi vizeSArtha 5/41 27. paMcAdhyAyI pUrvArddha 48 / uttarArddha 478 28. dekheM, paMcAdhyAyI saralArtha prabodhinI TIkA 108-120 29. paMcAdhyAyI 1/136 vizeSArtha 30. tattvArtha zlokavArtika 1/33 31. jainendra siddhAnta koza 3/44 32. sarvArthasiddhi 1/33, 5/38; paMcAdhyAyI 1/60, gommaTasAra jIvakANDa 572, syAdvAdamaMjarI 23 33. zrutabhavanadIpakanayacakra pR. 85 34. tattvArthavArtika 1/33, dhavalA 1/84; kaSAyapAhur3a 1/1181/217; niyamasAra TIkA 14 35. zrutabhavanadIpaka nayacakra pRSTha 57 dravya-guNa-paryAya :: 257 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #267
36. sarvArthasiddhi 5/38 37. paMcAstikAya samayavyAkhyA 5 38. AlApapaddhati, parIkSAmukha 4/8 evaM paramAtmaprakAza 57 39. sarvArthasiddhi 5/38 40. tattvArtharAjavArtika 1/29 41. dravyasvabhAvaprakAzakanayacakra 17; jaina siddhAnta pravezikA pR. 38 42. tehiM puNa pajjAo - pravacanasAra 93 43. paramabhAvaprakAzakanayacakra pR. 188 44. pravacananavanIta bhAga 4 pRSTha 225 se 230 kA sAra-saMkSepa 45. uppAdaTThidibhaMgA vijjaMte pajjayesu pjjaayaa| davve hi saMti NiyadaM tamhA davvaM havadi satvaM // - pravacanasAra 101 46. pravacanasAra, 99 47. tattvapradIpikA pravacanasAra 93 48. tAtparyavRtti paMcAstikAyasaMgraha 16 49. tattvapradIpikA pravacanasAra 92 50. tAtparyavRtti pravacanasAra 16 51. tAtparyavRtti pravacanasAra 93 52. tAtparyavRtti paMcAstikAyasaMgraha 16 evaM tattvapradIpikA pravacanasAra 93 53. tAtparyavRtti pravacanasAra 93 54. AlApapaddhati, dravyasvabhAvaprakAzakanayacakra pariziSTa 1/211-212 55. dravyasvabhAvaprakAzaka nayacakra 17 56. vRhadnayacakra 17-19 57. tAtparyavRtti paMcAstikAyasaMgraha 16 58. dhavalA 4/337 59. vahI 60. tAtparyavRtti niyamasAra 15 61. tattvArthazlokavArtika 1/33/60 62. azokakumAra jaina, jainadarzana meM dravya-guNa-paryAya ke bhedAbhedavAda kI avadhAraNA, pR. 6 (lekha) 63. jaina siddhAnta sUtra prazna 50-60 pR. 156-157 64. pravacanasAra, 111-114 65. jayadhavalA pustaka 1 pRSTha 206-207 258 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #268
vizeSa evaM sAmAnya guNa rAkeza jaina zAstrI anAdi-nidhana vizva meM pratyeka dravya apane-apane guNoM meM vidyamAna rahate haiM / guNa aura paryAya ke binA dravya kI sattA nahIM hai| dravya ke astitva ke lie guNa aura paryAya kA honA anivArya hai| jaina dArzanikoM ne guNa ko do prakAra kA mAnA hai-1. sAmAnya guNa, 2. vizeSa gunn| ina guNoM se hI dravyoM kI pahacAna hotI hai| guNoM meM arthAt apanI aisI ananta vizeSatAoM-sahita jo-ki usa vastu kA paricaya karAte haiM tathA anya vastuoM se bhinnatva prasiddha karate haiN| AcArya devasena svAmI ne AlApapaddhati meM kahA hai guNyate pRthak kriyate dravyaM dravyAntarAdyaiste gunnaaH| arthAt jo dravya ko dravyAntaroM se pRthaka karate hai, so guNa haiN| sAhityika dRSTi se guNa zabda aneka arthoM meM prayukta hotA hai| jaise- 'rUpAdiguNa' (rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza Adi guNa) meM guNa kA artha rUpAdi hai| do guNA yava, triguNAyava' meM guNa kA artha bhAga hai, 'guNajJa sAdhu' meM yA 'upakArajJa' meM upakAra artha hai, 'guNavAn deza' meM dravya artha hai; kyoMki jisameM gauyeM yA dhAnya acchA utpanna hotA hai, vaha deza guNavAna kahalAtA hai| aneka arthoM ke dhanI 'guNa' kA prakRta prakaraNa meM vastu meM sadA tathA sarvatra pAyI jAne vAlI vizeSatAe~ hI haiN| jinase vastu kA vaiziSTya patA calatA hai arthAt anya vastuoM ke bIca vastu kA viziSTa rUpa meM paricaya prApta hotA hai| abhinava dharmabhUSaNa yati dvArA racita 'nyAya-dIpikA' grantha meM guNa kA lakSaNa nimna rUpa se varNita hai'yAvaddravyabhAvinaH sakalaparyAyAnuvartino guNAH vstutvruuprsgndhsprshaadyH|' arthAt jo sampUrNa dravya meM vyAptakara rahate haiM aura samasta paryAyoM ke sAtha rahane vAle haiM, unheM guNa kahate haiM aura ve vastutva, rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparzAdi haiN| jaise pudgala dravya meM sadA, sarvatra sparza, rasa, gandha, varNAdi guNa pAye jAte haiM, vaise hI vizeSa evaM sAmAnya guNa :: 259 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #269
jIva dravya meM jJAna, darzana, cetanAdi anantaguNa pAye jAte haiN| ye to sabhI viziSTa guNa haiM, jo jIvAdi meM apane-apane alaga viziSTa hote haiN| kucha guNa aise bhI haiM, jo sabhI dravyoM meM samAnarUpa se pAye jAte haiM, jaise astitva, vastutva Adi, ve sAmAnya guNa kahalAte haiN| jaise viziSTa guNa pratyeka vastu meM ananta hote haiM, vaise hI sAmAnya guNa bhI ananta hote haiM, phira bhI sAmAnya guNoM kI saMkhyA mukhya rUpa se chaha prasiddha hai - 1. astitva, 2. vastutva, 3. dravyatva, 4. prameyatva, 5. agurulaghutva, 6. prdeshtv| ukta guNa sabhI dravyoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se pAye jAte haiM, isIlie sAmAnya guNa kahalAte 1. astitva-'astItyetasya bhAvo'stitvaM sadrUpatvam' / -AlApapaddhati arthAt 'asti' arthAt 'hai-pane' ke bhAva ko astitva kahate haiN| astitva arthAt sdptv| jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya kA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotA aura na hI kisI se usakA utpAda hotA hai, usa zakti ko astitvaguNa kahate haiN| isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki dravya apane svabhAva se anAdi-ananta kAla taka apanI-apanI sattA meM vidyamAna rahatA hai, arthAt jIva anAdi se jIva hI hai, pudgala bhI anAdi se pudgala hI hai| jIva kabhI pudgala nahIM hotA, nahIM ho sakatA tathA pudgala bhI kabhI jIva nahIM hotA, nahIM ho sktaa| jIva jIva hai, thA aura rhegaa| aise svarUpa sattA kA svatantra, zAzvata astitva jAnakara bhayAdi durguNoM se baca sakate haiN| 2. vastutva-'vastunastAvadarthakriyAkAritvaM lakSaNam'-syAdvAdamaMjarI 5/30/6 arthAt arthakriyAkAritva hI vastu kA lakSaNa hai| guru gopAladAsajI varaiyA-kRta laghu jaina siddhAnta pravezikA' meM prasiddha vastutva guNa kA svarUpa isa rUpa meM ullikhita hai-"jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya meM arthakriyAkAritva (prayojanabhUtakriyA) pAyA jAe, use vastutva guNa kahate haiN|" arthAt apanI-apanI prayojanabhUta kriyA kA kartApanA hI vastu kA vastutva-guNa hai| isI kI mukhyatA se dravya ko vastu kahA jAtA hai| pratyeka vastu apane-apane kArya svayaM hI karatI hai, anya koI kartA nhiiN| mAtra saMyoga meM sahayogI pane kA (nimittapane kA) Aropa hotA hai| anya vastue~ nimitta kAraNa to haiM, para kartA nhiiN| vAstava meM, jisa vastu meM kArya sampanna huA ho, vahI usa kArya kA kartA hotA hai, kyoMki 'kartA-karma bhAva yA pariNAma-pariNAmI bhAva eka dravya meM hI ho sakatA hai| '(paM. jayacanda chAvar3A, samayasAra gAthA 99 kA bhAvArtha) arthAt jIva ke bhAvoM kA kartA jIva hI hai, pudagala nahIM tathA pudgala ke bhAvoM kA kartA pudgala hI hai, jIva nhiiN| ekadUsare ke kArya meM anya ko sahayogI dekhakara nimitta kahA jAtA hai| vaha sahayogI hai, kartA nhiiN| jaise- miTTI se nirmita ghaTa ke jJAna kA kartA jIva hai, ghaTa kA kartA to svayaM miTTI 260 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #270
hI hai, kumhAra jIva to ghaTakArya meM nimitta hI hai, sahayogI hI hai| ____3. dravyatva- jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya kI avasthA nirantara badalatI rahatI hai, use dravyatva guNa kahate haiM / isa guNa ke kAraNa dravya pariNAmAntara arthAt paryAya-rUpa pariNamana karatA hai arthAt pratyeka dravya kI avasthAe~ nirantara badalatI rahatI haiN| ___ avasthA, paryAya, pariNAma, dazA, hAlata, pariNamana, vizeSa ityAdi ekArthavAcI haiN| kSaNa-kSaNa kA badalAva yahI pariNamanazIlatA hai, kintu yaha avasthAoM para hI lAgU hotA hai, vastu kI sattA para nahIM / vastu sattA rUpa se to sadA apane-apane lakSaNoM meM kAyama rahatI hai, yahI utpAda-vyaya ke sAtha kI dhrauvyatA hai| dravyatva guNa kI samajha se yaha lAbha hai ki anAdi kAla se calI A rahI bhUla naSTa ho sakatI hai aura jIva pAmara se paramAtmapane ko prApta kara sakatA hai| isa taraha jIva ananta kAla taka duHkhI rahane ko bAdhya nahIM hai| 4. prameyatva-jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya kisI-na-kisI jJAna kA viSaya ho, use prameyatvaguNa kahate haiM / isa guNa ke sadbhAva se dravya pramANa kA viSaya banatA hai| 'prameyasya bhAvaH prameyatvam / pramANena svaparasvarUpapariccheidyaM prmeym| ____ (AlApapaddhati) arthAt prameya ke bhAva ko prameyatva kahate haiN| pramANa ke dvArA jo jAnane yogya sva-parasvarUpa hai vaha prameya hai| vizva meM vidyamAna sabhI vastue~ jJeya kahalAtI haiN| unameM se koI bhI vastu chupI huI nahIM hai| sabhI vastue~ kisI-na-kisI jJAna kI jJeya hotI haiN| isa prameyatva guNa ke samajhane se antara meM vidyamAna cauryabhAva samApta ho jAtA hai, kyoMki koI bhI kArya ajJAta nahIM rhtaa| sahaja-sarala jIvana-paddhati hI hamArA kartavya rahatA hai| 5. agurulaghutva-'agurulaghorbhAvo'gurulaghutvam / sUkSmA vAgagocarAH pratikSaNaM vartamAnAH AgamapramANAdabhyupagamyA agurulghugunnaaH'| (AlApapaddhati) / arthAt agurulaghu bhAva agurulaghutva hai arthAt jisa guNa ke nimitta se dravya kA dravyapanA sadA banA rahe arthAt dravya kA koI guNa na to anya guNa rUpa ho sake aura na koI dravya anya dravyarUpa ho sake, athavA na dravya ke guNa bikharakara pRthak-pRthak ho sakeM aura jisake nimitta se pratyeka dravya meM tathA usake guNoM meM samaya-samaya prati SaTguNa hAni-vRddhi hotI rahe, use aguru laghu-guNa kahate haiN| aguru laghu-guNa kA yaha sUkSma pariNamana vacana ke agocara hai, kevala Agama pramANagamya hai| agurulaghuguNa ko samajhane se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki koI dravya na to kisI anya se kamatara hai aura na hI adhikatara hai| sabhI dravya apane-apane meM pUrNatA liye hue haiN| 6. pradezatva- jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya kA koI-na-koI AkAra avazya rahatA hai, vizeSa evaM sAmAnya guNa :: 261 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #271
use pradezatva guNa kahate haiN| 'pradezavatvamapi sAdhAraNaM saMkhyeyAsaMkhyeyAnanta-pradezopetatvAt sarvadravyANAm / tadapi karmodayAdyapekSAbhAvAt paarinnaamikm|' (AcArya akalaMka deva, rAjavArtika, prathama 2/7/13) arthAt pradezatva bhI sarvadravya sAdhAraNa hai, kyoMki sarvadravya apane-apane saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta vA ananta pradezoM ko rakhate haiN| yaha karmoM ke udaya Adi kI apekSA kA abhAva hone se pAriNAmika hai| pradezatva guNa ko samajhane se yaha phalita hotA hai ki pratyeka dravya usake svayaM ke kSetra meM virAjatA hai, saMyoga dekhakara vyavahAra se hI yaha kahA jAtA hai ki jala gilAsa meM hai, sonA DibbI meM hai| vastutaH to jala apane zItalatA, nirmalatA Adi guNoM meM tathA sonA apane pIlepana, cikanepana, bhArIpana Adi meM vidyamAna rahatA hai| isa prakAra pratyeka vastu sadaiva apane sva-kSetra meM rahatI hai| ye chaha sAmAnyaguNa haiM, kyoMki ye sabhI dravyoM meM sadaiva pAye jAte haiM / guNa-rahita koI bhI vastu/dravya vizva meM nahIM hai| sabhI dravya guNavAna hI hote haiN| prakArAntara se sAmAnya guNa ke dasa bheda bhI haiM- 1. astitva, 2. vastutva, 3. dravyatva, 4. prameyatva, 5. agurulaghutva, 6. pradezatva, 7. cetanatva, 8. acetanatva, 9. mUrtatva, 10. amuurttv| ina dasa guNoM meM se pratyeka dravya meM ATha-ATha guNa rahate haiM / yataH jIvadravya meM acetanatva aura mUrtatva nahIM hai tathA pudgala meM cetanatva aura amUrtatva nahIM hai| dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla dravyoM meM cetanatva aura mUrtatva guNa kA abhAva hai| isa prakAra pratyeka dravya meM AThaATha guNa pAye jAte haiN| ApekSika guNoM meM nAstitva, ekatva, anyatva, kartRtva, akartRtva, bhoktRtva aura abhoktRtva kI gaNanA kI jAtI hai| ... isa prakAra pratyeka dravya guNoM kA samUha hai| guNoM se dravya kI mahimA jJAta hotI hai aura dravya ko mahimA sampanna dekhane se dRSTi sAmyabhAva-yukta hokara, AnandamayI ho jAtI hai aura paramukhApekSI-pane kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| sandarbha-grantha 1. AlApapaddhati, AcArya devasena 2. tattvArtharAjavArtika, bhAga-1 evaM bhAga-2, AcArya akalaMkadeva 3. nyAyadIpikA, abhinava dharmabhUSaNa yati 4. syAdvAda maMjarI, AcArya malliSeNa 5. laghu jaina siddhAnta pravezikA, paM. gopAladAsa varaiyA 6. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, bhAga-1, DaoN. nemIcandrazAstrI, jyotiSAcArya 7. jainendra siddhAnta koza , kSullaka jinendra varNI 8. samayasAra bhAvArtha, paM. jayacandra chAvar3A 262 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #272
aupazamika Adi jIva ke bhAva paM. ratanalAla bainADA jainadarzana ke anusAra jIva-dravya pariNAmI hai| vaha pratikSaNa pariNamana karatA hai| yaha pariNamana karma-nirapekSa bhI hotA hai aura karma-sApekSa bhii| mukta jIva karma- rahita hote haiM, unakA pariNamana karma-nirapekSa arthAt svAbhAvika hI hotA hai| saMsArI jIva karma-sahita hote haiM, unakA pariNamana karma-sApekSa hotA hai| karmoM ke saMyoga se hone vAlI pariNati vizeSa ko bhAva kahate haiM athavA cetana (AtmA) ke pariNamana ko bhAva kahate haiN|' sAmAnya se jIva ke bhAva pA~ca prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM.-1. aupazamika, 2. kSAyika, 3. kSAyopazamika, 4. audayika, 5. pAriNAmika, ina pA~coM bhAvoM kI paribhASA nimna prakAra hai 1. aupazamika bhAva- jaise gande jala meM nirmalI DAla dene se jala kI gandagI nIce baiTha jAtI hai, usI taraha AtmA meM vibhAva utpanna karane vAle karmoM kA vizuddha pariNAmoM dvArA daba jAnA upazama kahalAtA hai| isa upazama ke kAraNa hone vAle pariNAma aupazamika kahalAte haiN| 2. kSAyika bhAva- jaise gande pAnI kI miTTI nIce baiTha jAne para, Upara ke svaccha jala ko alaga bartana meM nikAla lene se pAnI gandagI-rahita ho jAtA hai| usI taraha AtmA meM rAga-dveSAdi pariNAma-rUpa azuddhi utpanna karane vAle karmoM kA, AtmA se pRthak ho jAnA kSaya kahalAtA hai| isa kSaya ke kAraNa AtmA meM jo vizuddha pariNAma utpanna hote haiM, ve kSAyika bhAva kahe jAte haiN| 3. kSAyopazamika bhAva- jaise jala meM kucha gandagI daba jAne para tathA kucha gandagI zeSa rahane para, pAnI maTamailA-sA banA rahatA hai, usI prakAra AtmA meM rAgAdi utpanna karane vAle karmoM ke kucha aMza ke kSaya ho jAne tathA kucha aMza ke upazama rahane rUpa dazA ko kSayopazama kahate haiN| isa kSayopazama ke kAraNa, AtmA meM jo bhAva utpanna hote haiM, unako kSAyopazamika kahA jAtA hai| 4. audayika bhAva-jaise pAnI meM gandagI rahane se pAnI maTamailA banA rahatA hai, usI prakAra karma udaya ke kAraNa AtmA meM azuddhi utpanna honA udaya kahalAtA hai| isa udaya aupazamika Adi jIva ke bhAva :: 263 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #273
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ke kAraNa AtmA meM jo pariNAma hote haiM, unako audayika bhAva kahA jAtA hai / 5. pAriNAmika bhAva - jaise gandagI na rahane se pAnI svabhAva se svaccha rahatA hai, usI prakAra karmoM ke udayAdi kI apekSA se rahita AtmA ke jo svAbhAvika pariNAma hote haiM, unako pAriNAmika bhAva kahA jAtA hai / jIva kI koI bhI avasthA ho, cAhe vaha saMsArI ho yA mukta ho, vaha uparyukta bhAvoM se sarvathA rahita nahIM ho sakatA / saMsArI avasthA meM jIva ke kSAyopazamika, audayika tathA pAriNAmika ye tIna bhAva to hote hI haiN| inase kama, mAtra eka yA do bhAva, kisI bhI saMsArI jIva ke nahIM pAye jAte / kisI saMsArI jIva ke cAra bhAva tathA pA~coM bhAva bhI eka kAla meM honA sambhava haiN| mukta jIvoM meM kSAyika bhAva tathA pAriNAmika, ye do bhAva sadaiva pAye jAte haiN| aupazamika bhAva ke do, kSAyika bhAva ke nau, kSAyopazamika bhAva ke aThAraha, audayika bhAva ke ikkIsa tathA pAriNAmika bhAva ke tIna isa taraha bhAva trepana prakAra ke hote haiM / aupazamika Adi bhAvoM ke bheda 1. aupazamika bhAva ke do bheda - mohanIya karma ke udaya se AtmA meM mithyAtva tathA kaSAya rUpa pariNAma utpanna hote haiN| yadi mohanIya karma kA upazama ho jAya, to AtmA meM ye pariNAma utpanna nahIM hote| ataH mohanIya karma ke upazama hone se AtmA meM do prakAra ke aupazamika bhAva utpanna hote haiM 4 (a) aupazamika samyaktva - AtmA ke samyagdarzana guNa kA ghAta karane vAle darzana mohanIya karma tathA cAra anantAnubandhI kaSAya haiN| inake upazama ho jAne para AtmA meM jo samyaktva guNa prakaTa hotA hai, vaha aupazamika samyaktva bhAva hai / yaha samyagdarzana pUrNa zuddha hotA hai, atyanta nirmala hotA hai / yaha cAroM gati ke jIvoM ko ho sakatA hai| (A) aupazamika cAritra - AtmA ke samyak cAritra guNa kA ghAta karane vAlI cAra apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya, cAra pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya tathA cAra saMjvalana kaSAya (krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha) tathA nau nokaSAya (hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, puruSaveda, strIveda, napuMsakaveda) kula ikkIsa kaSAyeM haiM, inakA upazama ho jAne para arthAt udaya na hone se athavA daba jAne se AtmA meM jo vizuddhi utpanna hotI hai, use aupazamika cAritra kahate haiN| yaha cAritra pUrNa nirmala arthAt vItarAga hotA hai tathA mAtra munirAjoM ke hotA hai / vartamAna paMcama kAla meM aupazamika samyaktva bhAva honA sambhava hai, parantu zArIrika kSamatA kA abhAva hone se aupazamika cAritra honA sambhava nahIM hai| ye donoM bhAva antarmuhUrta (48 minaTa taka ) se adhika nahIM raha pAte haiM / 2. kSAyika bhAva - AtmA ke cAra anujIvI guNoM kA ghAta karane vAle, cAra ghAtiyA karma haiN| inakA kSaya arthAt sampUrNa nAza hone se AtmA meM nau kSAyika bhAva prakaTa hote haiM, 264 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #274
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jo isa prakAra haiM (a) kSAyika jJAna -- AtmA ke jJAna guNa kA ghAta karane vAlA jJAnAvaraNa karma hai / isa karma kA tapAdi ke dvArA sampUrNa ghAta ho jAne se AtmA meM kSAyika jJAna bhAva utpanna hotA hai, jisase AtmA loka tathA aloka ke samasta dravyoM ko tathA unakI trikAlavartI ananta paryAyoM ko eka-sAtha spaSTa jAnane lagatA hai| yaha arhanta bhagavAn ke hotA hai| ise kevalajJAna yA anantajJAna bhI kahate haiM / (A) kSAyika darzana - AtmA ke darzana guNa kA ghAta karane vAlA darzanAvaraNa karma hai / isa karma ke sampUrNa ghAta ho jAne se AtmA meM kSAyika darzana bhAva prakaTa ho jAtA hai, jisase AtmA lokAloka ke samasta dravyoM kA sAmAnya avalokana karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai / yaha bhI arhanta bhagavAn ke hotA hai| ise kevaladarzana yA anantadarzana bhI kahate haiM / (i) kSAyika dAna - antarAya karma kA eka bheda - dAnAntarAya karma kA nAza hone se AtmA meM kSAyika- dAna- bhAva prakaTa hotA hai / isake prabhAva se arhanta bhagavAn kA samasta jIvoM ke lie parama hitakArI ahiMsAmaya dharmopadeza hotA hai| sabhI jIvoM ko isase parama abhaya rUpa abhaya dAna prApta hotA hai| (I) kSAyika lAbha - lAbhAntarAya karma ke sampUrNa kSaya hone se AtmA meM kSAyikalAbha- bhAva utpanna hotA hai| isake kAraNa arhanta bhagavAn ke asAdhAraNa, atyanta zubha, divya, nokarmavargaNAe~ Ane se, unakA paramaudArika zarIra kucha-kama koTipUrva-varSa taka kavalAhAra ke binA bhI sthita rahatA hai / - (3) kSAyika bhoga - sampUrNa bhogAntarAyakarma ke kSaya hone se AtmA meM kSAyikabhoga-bhAva utpanna hotA hai, jisase arahanta bhagavAn ke puSyavRSTi, vihAra meM svarNakamala racanA Adi atizaya hote haiM / (U) kSAyika upabhoga - sampUrNa upabhogAntarAya karma kA kSaya ho jAne se AtmA meM kSAyika upabhoga-bhAva hotA hai / isake kAraNa arhanta bhagavAn ke divya siMhAsana, camara, tIna chatra, bhAmaMDala Adi kSAyika upabhoga hote haiN| (e) kSAyika vIrya - AtmA kI zakti para roka lagAne vAle vIryAntarAya karma kA sampUrNa nAza ho jAne se kSAyika vIrya bhAva prakaTa hotA hai, jisase arhanta bhagavAn ko ananta padArthoM ko jAnane kI zakti rUpa anantavIrya prApta hotA hai / (ai) kSAyika samyaktva - samyaktva kI ghAtaka mohanIya kI tIna tathA anantAnubandhI krodhAdi cAra kaSAyoM ke sarvathA kSaya hone se AtmA meM kSAyika samyaktva bhAva utpanna hotA hai / isa bhAva kI utpatti caturtha guNasthAna se saptama guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM ke sambhava hai| yaha samyaktva pUrNa-nirmala tathA akSaya-ananta hai / kabhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| isa bhAva vAle jIva cAroM gatiyoM meM pAye jAte haiM / (o) kSAyika cAritra - samyak cAritra kI ghAtaka 21 kaSAyoM ke sarvathA kSaya hone aupazamika Adi jIva ke bhAva :: 265 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #275
se AtmA meM kSAyika cAritra guNa prakaTa hotA hai| yaha bhI anantakAla rahane vAlA atyanta vizuddha tathA avinAzI hotA hai| yaha bArahaveM guNasthAna se siddha bhagavAn taka meM pAyA jAtA hai| 3. kSAyopazamika bhAva-ghAtiyA karmoM ke sarvaghAti spardhakoM ke anudaya tathA dezaghAtI spardhakoM ke udaya se AtmA meM jJAna-darzana-zakti, samyaktva tathA cAritra guNa kI jo AMzika prakaTatA hotI hai, vaha kSAyopazamika bhAva kahalAtA hai| isake 18 bheda haiM: (a) kSAyopazamika jJAna- matijJAnAvaraNa, zrutajJAnAvaraNa, avadhijJAnAvaraNa tathA manaHparyayajJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama hone se ina cAroM jJAnoM kA AMzika prakaTa honA kSAyopazamika bhAva kahalAtA hai| isake cAra bheda haiM : matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna tathA mana:paryaya jnyaan| inameM se prathama tIna kA sadbhAva cauthe guNasthAna se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka tathA manaHparyaya jJAna kA sadbhAva chaThe se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| ye cAroM jJAna samyagdRSTi jIvoM ke hI hote haiN| manaHparyayajJAna ko chor3akara inakA sadbhAva cAroM gatiyoM meM sambhava hai| manaHparyayajJAna mAtra manuSyagati meM munirAjoM ke hI sambhava hai| (A) kSAyopazamika ajJAna- matijJAnAvaraNa, zrutajJAnAvaraNa tathA avadhijJAnAvaraNa karmoM kA kSayopazama hone se mithyAdRSTi jIvoM ke, ye tIna kSAyopazamika ajJAna bhAva hote haiN| ye cAroM gati ke jIvoM ke pAye jAte haiN| isake tIna bheda haiN| (i) kSAyopazamika darzana- jahA~ AtmA kA darzana-guNa AMzika prakaTa hotA hai, vaha kSAyopazamika darzana kahalAtA hai| isake tIna bheda haiM___ (1) cakSurdarzana-cakSu indriya se hone vAle jJAna se pahale AtmA kA jo prayAsa hotA hai, vaha cakSurdarzana hai| cakSurdarzanAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se yaha darzana-guNa kA aMza prakaTa hotA hai| samasta cAra indriya, paMcendriya sainI va asainI jIvoM ke yaha bhAva hotA hai| ___ (2) acakSurdarzana- acakSurdarzanAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se AtmA ke darzana-guNa kA AMzika prakaTa honA, acakSurdarzana bhAva hai| sabhI saMsArI jIvoM ke (12veM guNasthAna taka) yaha kSAyopazamika bhAva avazya pAyA jAtA hai| cakSu indriya ke alAvA anya cAroM indriyoM tathA mana se hone vAle jJAna se pUrva AtmA kA jo prayAsa hotA hai, (sAmAnya avalokana) use acakSurdarzana bhAva kahate haiN| (3) avadhi darzana- avadhidarzanAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama hone se AtmA meM jo avadhijJAna se pUrva sAmAnya avalokana hotA hai, vaha avadhidarzana kahalAtA hai| yaha cAroM gati ke samyagdRSTi avadhijJAnI jIvoM ke pAyA jAtA hai| ___(I) kSAyopazamika labdhi- antarAyakarma kA kSayopazama hone se pratyeka saMsArI jIva ke (12veM guNasthAna taka) pA~coM labdhi sambandhI zakti kI AMzika prakaTatA rUpa yaha bhAva hotA hai| isake pA~ca bheda haiM- dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga tathA viiry| (u) kSAyopazamika samyaktva- samyaktva kI ghAtaka sAta prakRtiyoM meM se, samyak 266 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #276
prakRti ke udaya hone tathA anya chaha prakRtiyoM ke anudaya se AtmA meM jo samala samyaktvaguNa prakaTa hotA hai, vaha kSAyopazamika-samyaktva-bhAva kahalAtA hai| yaha bhAva cauthe se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM meM pAyA jA sakatA hai| isakA sadbhAva cAroM gatiyoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| (U) kSAyopazamika cAritra- anantAnubandhI cAra, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa cAra, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa cAra kula 12 kaSAyoM kA anudaya hone se tathA saMjvalana cAra (krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha) kA udaya hone se jo Atma-vizuddhi-rUpa bhAva pAyA jAtA hai, use kSAyopazamika cAritra kahate haiN| yaha chaThe tathA sAMtaveM guNasthAnavartI munirAjoM ke hotA hai| (e) saMyamAsaMyama- anantAnubandhI cAra tathA apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa cAra =8 kaSAyoM kA anudaya hone, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa cAra ke udaya hone tathA saMjvalana kaSAya ke dezaghAtI spardhakoM kA udaya hone se, AtmA meM jo deza-cAritra-rUpa-bhAva utpanna hotA hai, use saMyamAsaMyama bhAva kahate haiN| yaha bhAva sirpha karmabhUmiyA manuSyoM tathA tiryaMcoM meM sambhava hai| sabhI samyagdRSTi vratiyoM, kSullaka, ailaka, AryikAdi meM yaha bhAva pAyA jAtA hai| ____4. audayika bhAva-karmoM ke udaya se AtmA meM jo bhAva prakaTa hote haiM, unheM audayika bhAva kahate haiN| ye sabhI saMsArI jIvoM ke pAye jAte haiN| kevalI bhagavAna ke bhI audayika bhAva hote haiN| usake ikkIsa bheda haiM (a) cAra gati- naraka gati, tiryaMca gati, manuSya gati tathA deva gati nAma karma ke udaya se, AtmA meM jo usa gati rUpa bhAva hotA hai arthAt manuSya-gati-nAma- karma ke udaya se 'maiM manuSya hU~' aisA bhAva sadA banA rahanA manuSya-gati-audayika-bhAva hai| isI prakAra cAroM gatiyoM meM samajhanA caahie| eka jIva meM ina cAroM meM se eka samaya meM eka hI bhAva hotA hai| pratyeka saMsArI jIva ke yaha bhAva avazya pAyA jAtA hai| isake cAra bheda hue| (A) cAra kaSAya- cAritra mohanIya ke bheda krodha, mAna, mAyA tathA lobha kaSAya ke udaya se AtmA meM jo kaSAya-rUpa-bhAva utpanna hotA hai, vaha kaSAya audayika bhAva hai| isake cAra bheda hote haiN| naraka, tiryaMca tathA deva gati ke samasta jIvoM ke yaha bhAva hamezA pAyA jAtA hai| manuSya gati meM nauveM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM meM cAroM kaSAyoM kA tathA dasaveM guNasthAna ke jIvoM meM lobha-kaSAya-rUpa-bhAva pAyA jAtA hai| isase Age ke guNasthAnoM meM yaha nahIM pAyA jaataa| __(i) tIna liMga- cAritra mohanIya ke bheda puruSaveda, strIveda tathA napuMsakaveda karma ke udaya se AtmA meM jo vAsanA-rUpa pariNAma utpanna hote haiM, vaha liMga audayika bhAva hai| isake tIna bheda haiN| nauveM guNasthAna taka pratyeka jIva meM eka liMga kA udaya avazya hotA (I) mithyAdarzana- darzana mohanIya karma ke udaya se tattvArtha meM azraddhAna rUpa mithyAdarzana-bhAva hotA hai| asainI paMcendriya taka pratyeka jIva ke isakA udaya pAyA jAtA aupazamika Adi jIva ke bhAva :: 267 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #277
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hai| isakA udaya cAroM gati ke jIvoM ke ho sakatA hai| (u) ajJAna-bhAva- jJAnAvaraNa karma ke udaya se jJAna kI sampUrNatA nahIM ho pAtI hai| ajJAna bhAva to kevalajJAna hone se pUrva rahatA hI hai| ataH jJAnAvaraNa-karma ke udaya se jJAna meM kamI rUpa jo ajJAna-bhAva rahatA hai, vaha audayika bhAva hai| yaha manuSyagati meM bArahaveM guNasthAna taka tathA zeSa gatiyoM ke pratyeka jIva ke pAyA jAtA hai| (U) asaMyata-bhAva- cAritra moha kI anantAnubandhI tathA apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke udaya se, pA~ca indriya tathA mana ke viSayoM evaM chaha kAya kI hiMsaka pravRtti se dUra na hone rUpa asaMyata-bhAva hotA hai| sabhI nArakI evaM sabhI devoM ke isakA udaya pAyA jAtA hai| caturtha guNasthAna taka ke tiryaMca evaM manuSyoM ke bhI isakA udaya hotA hI hai| (e) asiddhatva-bhAva- karmodaya sAmAnya kI apekSA yaha bhAva hotA hai| jaba taka karmoM kA udaya rahatA hai, taba taka siddha-avasthA prApta na hone rUpa asiddhatva- bhAva rahatA hai| isakA udaya samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke hotA hI hai| (ai) lezyA-bhAva- jisake dvArA jIva puNya-pApa se apane ko lipta karatA hai, vaha lezyA-bhAva hai| isI zubha tathA azubha rUpa bhAva ke kAraNa AtmA karmoM se yukta hotI hai| kaSAya tathA yoga ke udaya ke kAraNa lezyA-bhAva hotA hai| isake chaha bheda haiM(1) kRSNa lezyA- tIvratama kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle prinnaam| WORST pariNAma / guNasthAna eka se cAra tk| (2) nIla lezyA- tIvratara kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle prinnaam| WORSE pariNAma / guNasthAna eka se cAra tk| (3) kApota lezyA- tIvra kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle prinnaam| BAD pariNAma / guNasthAna eka se cAra tk| (4) pIta lezyA- manda kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle prinnaam| GOOD pariNAma / guNasthAna eka se sAta tk| (5) padma lezyA- mandatara kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle prinnaam| BETTER pariNAma / guNasthAna eka se sAta tk| (6) zukla lezyA- mandatama kaSAya ke udaya se hone vAle pariNAma / BEST prinnaam| guNasthAna eka se teraha tk| sAmAnya se sabhI nArakI prathama tIna azubha lezyA vAle hote haiN| sabhI deva zeSa tIna zubha lezyA vAle hote haiN| manuSya evaM tiryaMcoM meM yathA-yogya chahoM lezyAe~ sambhava haiN| mithyAdRSTi jIva ke bhI chahoM lezyAe~ sambhava haiN| arhanta-parameSThI ke bhI yoga hone ke kAraNa zukla-lezyA hotI hai| ayoga-kevalI, kaSAya evaM yoga se sampUrNatayA rahita hone ke kAraNa lezyA-rahita hote haiM / mukta jIvoM ke lezyA nahIM hotI haiN| lezyA ke do bheda bhI kahe jAte haiM- dravya lezyA tathA bhAva leshyaa| dravya lezyA kA sambandha zarIra ke varNa se hai, 268 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #278
vaha yahA~ prAsaMgika nahIM hai| bhAva lezyA kA sambandha jIva ke pariNAmoM se hai| isI kA yahA~ prasaMga hai| ayoga-kevalI ke alAvA koI bhI saMsArI jIva lezyA-bhAva se rahita nahIM hotA ___5. pAriNAmika-bhAva- AtmA ke jo pariNAma karmoM ke upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama tathA udaya kI apekSA na rakhate hue svabhAva se hote haiM, unheM pAriNAmika bhAva kahate haiN| isake tIna bheda haiM (a) jIvatva bhAva- caitanya pariNAma ko jIvatva bhAva kahate haiN| sukha-duHkha kA jJAna, hita kA udyama aura ahita kA bhaya, ye caitanya ke vizeSa haiN| sabhI saMsArI evaM mukta jIvoM meM yaha bhAva pAyA jAtA hai|| (A) bhavyatva bhAva- jisameM samyagdarzanAdi bhAva prakaTa hone kI yogyatA hai, vaha bhavyatva bhAva kahalAtA hai| (i) abhavyatva bhAva- jo bhaviSya kAla meM kabhI bhI samyagdarzanAdi bhAva- rUpa pariNamana nahIM kareMge arthAt jinameM inako vyakta karane kI zakti kA abhAva hai, ve abhavyatva-bhAva yukta jIva haiN| bhavyatva-bhAva-yukta jIva tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - (1) Asanna athavA nikaTa-bhavya- jo jIva zIghra hI mokSa prApta kreNge| ve Asanna yA nikaTa bhavya jIva haiN| (2) dUra-bhavya- jo jIva Age kabhI mokSa prApta kreNge| ve dUra-bhavya jIva haiN| (3) abhavya-sama bhavya (dUrAnudUra bhavya)- jina jIvoM meM zakti rUpa se to mokSa prApti sambhava hotI hai, ata: jo bhavya to haiM, parantu usakI vyakti kabhI nahIM ho pAne ke kAraNa abhavya-sama bhavya haiN| ye tInoM prakAra ke pAriNAmika bhAva vAle jIva cAroM gatiyoM meM pAye jAte haiN| inase rahita koI bhI jIva nahIM hotaa| pratyeka jIva meM jIvatva bhAva to hotA hI hai| zeSa do bhAvoM meM se eka bhAva hotA hai arthAt pratyeka jIva meM yA to bhavyatva bhAva pAyA jAtA hai yA abhavyatva bhAva pAyA jAtA hai| mukta jIvoM meM mAtra jIvatva-bhAva pAyA jAtA hai| sabhI abhavya jIvoM meM mAtra prathama mithyAtva-guNasthAna hI hotA hai| jIva ke uparyukta bhAvoM ke sambandha meM nimna bAtoM kA jJAna bhI Avazyaka hai (1) tattvArtha sUtra 215 ke anta meM jo 'ca' zabda diyA hai, usameM saMjJitva- bhAva, samyamithyAtva bhAva tathA yoga Adi ko garbhita mAnanA cAhie arthAt ye bhI kSAyopazamikabhAva haiN| (2) tattvArtha sUtra 2/7 ke anta meM jo 'ca' zabda diyA hai, usameM astitva, vastutva, kartRtva Adi kA bhI antarbhAva mAnanA cAhie arthAt ye bhI pAriNAmika-bhAva haiN| (3) saMkhyA kI apekSA saba-se-kama saMkhyA aupazamika bhAva vAle jIvoM kI hai| ye aupazamika Adi jIva ke bhAva :: 269 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #279
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir palya ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa haiM / inase kSAyika bhAva vAle saMsArI jIva bahuta adhika haiM tathA siddhoM kI apekSA ananta haiM / kSAyopazamika bhAva vAle jIva, kSAyika bhAva vAloM se Avali ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga guNakAra adhika haiM arthAt ananta haiM / audayika bhAva vAle jIva inase bhI adhika haiM, jo ananta haiM tathA pAriNAmika bhAva vAle jIva anantAnanta haiM arthAt sUtra meM bhAvoM kA krama, saMkhyA kI apekSA bhI bilkula ucita hai| (4) guNasthAna kI apekSA, aupazamika bhAva - 4 se 11 taka, kSAyika bhAva - 4 se siddha taka, kSAyopazamika bhAva - 1 se 12 taka, audayika bhAva - 1 se 14 taka tathA pAriNAmika bhAva - 1 se siddha jIva taka pAye jAte haiM / (5) uparyukta pA~ca bhAvoM meM se audayika - bhAva bandha karane vAle haiM, aupazamika, kSAyika tathA kSAyopazamika bhAva mokSa ke kAraNa haiM tathA pAriNAmika bhAva, bandha aura mokSa donoM ke kAraNa se rahita hai'| parantu sabhI audayika - bhAva bandha meM kAraNa nahIM haiM / audayika bhAvoM ke 21 bhedoM meM se, cAra gati, ajJAna tathA asiddhatva bhAva ko chor3akara, zeSa 15 bhAva bandha meM kAraNa haiN| I (6) uparyukta pA~coM bhAva jIvoM meM pAye jAte hai / anya dravyoM kI apekSA, pudgala dravyoM meM audayika tathA pAriNAmika-bhAva tathA anya cAra dravyoM meM (dharma, adharma, AkAza tathA kAla dravya) kevala pAriNAmika-bhAva pAye jAte haiM / 10 (7) kSAyika bhAvoM meM, kSAyika - samyaktva - bhAva vAlA jIva usI bhava meM bhI mokSa jA sakatA hai aura adhika se adhika cauthe bhava kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai| zeSa kSAyika- bhAvavAle jIva usI bhava se mokSa prApta karate haiM / (8) audayika bhAvoM meM, asiddhatva bhAva to prathama guNasthAna se lekara dasaveM guNasthAna taka AThoM karmoM ke udaya kI apekSA se hai / 11 tathA 12veM guNasthAna meM mohanIya ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karmoM kI apekSA se tathA terahaveM evaM caudahaveM guNasthAna meM cAra aghAtiyA karmoM ke udaya se asiddhatva bhAva hotA hai / (9) siddha parameSThI meM 9 kSAyika bhAva tathA eka jIvatva pAriNAmika-bhAva hotA hai| saMkSepa se siddha jIvoM meM kSAyika samyaktva, kSAyika darzana, kSAyika jJAna, kSAyika cAritra, kSAyika vIrya = ye pA~ca kSAyika bhAva tathA jIvatva pAriNAmika-bhAva hotA hai|" (10) bhavyatva pAriNAmika bhAva kA, caudahaveM guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM nAza ho jAtA hai / ata: siddha parameSThI ke bhavyatva-bhAva nahIM hotA / (11) vartamAna paMcama kAla meM kisI bhI jIva ke pA~coM bhAva sambhava nahIM haiM, kyoMki isa kAla meM kSAyika bhAvoM kA abhAva hai| vartamAna meM hama sabhI manuSyoM ke kSAyopazamika, audayika tathA pAriNAmika, ye tIna bhAva to nirantara prati samaya rahate haiM / kadAcit upazama samyaktva ke prApti kAla meM cAra bhAva bhI eka samaya meM sambhava haiM / (12) yadi koI kSAyika samyaktvI jIva, upazama zreNI ArohaNa kare, to 8veM se 11veM 270 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #280
guNasthAna taka ke kAla meM usake pA~coM bhAva eka-sAtha pAye jAte hai, anya dazAoM meM nahIM pAye jaate| sandarbha 1. bhAva: citpariNAmaH / gommaTasAra jIvakAMDa (jI. pra.) gAthA 165 2. aupazamikakSAyikau bhAvau mizrazca jIvasya svatattvamaudayikapAriNAmikau c| -tattvArthasUtra, a. 2/1 3. dvi-navASTAdazaika-viMzati-tri bhedA ythaakrmm| -tattvArthasUtra 2/2 4. smyktvcaaritre| - tattvArtha sUtra 2/3 5. jJAna-darzana-dAna-lAbha-bhogopabhoga-vIryANi c| -tattvArthasUtra 2/4 6. jJAnAjJAna-darzana labdhayascatustritri-paMca-bhedAH samyaktvacAritrasaMyamAsaMyamAzca / -tattvArthasUtra 215 7. gati kaSAya liMga mithyaadrshnaajnyaanaasNytaasiddhleshyaashctusctustraikaikaikaikssddbhedaaH| -tattvArthasUtra 216 8. jIva bhavyAbhavyatvAni c| -tattvArtha sUtra 2/7 9. odaiyA baMdhabharA, uvasamakhaya missayA ya mokkhyraa| bhAvo du pAriNamio, karaNobhaya vajjio hohi // -dhavalA 7/9 10. bhAvAH paMcApi jIvasya, dvAvanyau pudgalasya c| dharmAdInAM tu zeSANAM, syAdbhAva: pAriNAmikaH // ---jJAnArNava 6/40 11. gommaTasAra, karmakAMDa, gAthA 821 aupazamika Adi jIva ke bhAva :: 271 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #281
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org jIva aura karma sambandha Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nIraja jaina Urdhva-madhya aura pAtAla, ina tIna lokoM kI sImA meM yaha jagata chaha dravyoM se banA hai / jIva- pudgala-dharma-adharma - AkAza aura kAla, ina chahoM dravyoM kA samudAya hI jagata, loka yA saMsAra kahA gayA hai| 1 loka sva-nirmita aura sva-pratiSThita hai| kisI ke dvArA racita yA kisI ke AdhAra para TikA huA nahIM hai, anya koI isakA kartA-dhartA yA saMhAraka nahIM hai / loka sadA se vidyamAna hai, anAdi aura a-nidhana hai, isakA Adi nahIM hai aura anta bhI nahIM / na to yaha loka kabhI utpanna kiyA gayA aura na hI kabhI koI isakA vinAza kara skegaa| svAdhIna aura nirnimittaka pariNamana dravya kA svabhAva hai / isa naisargika niyama ke kAraNa loka ke ghaTaka ye chahoM dravya zuddha aura svAdhIna pariNamana karate haiM / yaha dravya kA sva-pratyaya svabhAva hai / ina chaha dravyoM meM dharma-adharma - AkAza aura kAla ye cAroM amUrtika aura niSkriya dravya haiN| indriyoM ke mAdhyama se ina amUrtika dravyoM ko jAnanA, dekha pAnA, sU~gha pAnA aura chUnA bhI sambhava nahIM hotaa| tInoM lokoM meM ThasAThasa bhare hone ke kAraNa ina dravyoM meM halanacalana aura sthAnAntaraNa Adi kriyAe~ bhI nahIM hotIM / ye cAroM dravya sadA zuddha haiM, kabhI vikArI nahIM hote / jIvadravya ke saMsArI aura mukta ye do bheda haiN| mukta jIva ve haiM, jo saMsAra sAgara se pAra ho gaye haiM, unheM kabhI lauTa kara saMsAra meM deha dhAraNa karane nahIM AnA hai| zuddha jIva phira kabhI azuddha nahIM hoNge| zeSa do dravya, cetana saMsArI jIvadravya aura acetana pudgaladravya mUrtika dravya haiN| azuddha jIva anAdikAla se azuddha haiN| unameM sva-para- pratyaya pariNamana yAnI jIva aura pudgala donoM dravyoM kA milA julA pariNamana hotA rahatA hai| ve anizcita kAla taka 272 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #282
saMsAra meM rulate raheM yA saMyama kA nimitta milane para mokSamArga meM pragati karake saMsAra ko pAra kara leM, parantu azuddha jIva yadi abhavya nahIM hai to, kAraNa pAkara azuddha se zuddha ho sakatA hai| zuddha jIva phira kabhI azuddha nahIM hogaa| jIva meM ananta zaktiyA~ haiN| usameM sva-para vijJAna, sva ko tathA para ko jAnane kI sAmarthya yA cetanA guNa nAma kI sva-para prakAzaka aisI vilakSaNa zakti hai, jo anya pA~ca dravyoM meM nahIM hotii| pudgala dravya meM bhI zaktiyA~ to ananta haiM, parantu sva aura para ko jAnane kI sAmarthya yA cetanA guNa nAmakI vilakSaNa zakti jIva ko chor3akara zeSa pA~ca dravyoM meM nahIM hotI, pudgala meM bhI nahIM hotii| pudgala dravya meM rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza ye cAra vizeSa guNa haiM, jo anya pA~ca dravyoM meM nahIM hote| isa prakAra jIva aura pudgala hI eka-dUsare ke lie sAdhaka-bAdhaka, sukhI-duHkhI, halana-calana, jIvana-maraNa tathA sthiratA-bhaMguratA Adi pariNamana rUpa kriyAoM meM paraspara nimitta kAraNa banate rahate haiN| sArAMza yaha ki SadravyamayI zAzvata loka meM jIva aura pudgala yahI do sakriya dravya haiN| inake sAre pariNamana paraspara sahayoga se hI hote haiN| inakA pariNamana sahakArI nimitta ke binA nahIM hotA, kyoMki azuddha dravya meM vaisA ho nahIM sktaa| kAraNa pAkara jIva aura pudgala meM apane AkAra meM saMkoca-vistAra karane kI aura sthUlatA tathA sUkSmatA rUpa pariNamita hone kI vizeSa zakti hotI hai, jo anya cAra dravyoM meM nahIM hotii| __ ye donoM dravya hI mUrtika haiN| jIva dravya mUlata: to amUrtika hai, parantu apanI vikArI dazA meM deha meM dehI rUpa meM dekhA pahacAnA jAtA hai, isa apekSA se use kathaMcit mUrtika kahA gayA hai| pudgala dravya apane sparza-rUpa-rasa aura gandha guNoM ke kAraNa spaSTataH mUrtika hI hai| ___ jIva aura pudgala ye donoM dravya apane kAraNoM se yA eka-dUsare ke saMga-doSa se, apanI paristhiti yA apanI paryAya se, agalI paryAya kI ora saMsaraNa karate haiM, sarakate rahate haiN| isI kAraNa inake sammilita yA ekala abhinaya kA nAma saMsAra hai| bhava-bhramaNa bhI isI jagata-lIlA kA nAma hai| ina dravyoM ke uparyukta sammilita pariNamana meM prasaMgAnusAra, yA kathanakAra ke abhiprAya ke anusAra, mukhya ko upAdAna tathA sahakArI ko nimitta kahA jAtA hai| kise nimitta kahA jAye, aura kise upAdAna kA zreya diyA jAye, athavA kise mukhyatA dI jAye aura kise gauNa kiyA jAye, isakA nirNaya adhikAMzataH vaktA ke abhiprAya para nirbhara hotA hai| siddhAnta zAstroM meM isa nimitta-upAdAna kathana athavA nimitta-naimittika sambandha kI jIva aura karma sambandha :: 273 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #283
vistRta vivecanAe~ kI gaI haiN| sabhI saMsArI jIvoM meM anAdi kAla se lekara bhava-bhramaNa se mukta hone taka AhArabhaya-maithuna aura parigraha, ye cAra saMjJAe~ pAI jAtI haiN| ye saMjJAe~ jIva kI cetanA ko dUSita karake usameM anya jIvoM tathA para-padArthoM ke prati utsukatA aura AkarSaNa utpanna karatI haiM, udayAgata krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobha Adi kaSAyoM se prerita prANI hiMsA-jhUTha-corIkuzIla aura parigraha Adi pApoM meM saMlagna hokara sadaiva karmabandha karatA rahatA hai| bandha ke sAtha jIva aura karma pudgala vargaNAe~ milakara ekAkAra ho jAte haiN| unake bIca nimitta-naimittika sambandha sthApita ho jAtA hai| donoM bandha kI avadhi bhara ekasAtha, eka kSetrAvagAhI hokara rahate haiN| avadhi pUrI hone para bandha kA sambandha samApta ho jAtA hai, taba ve karma vargaNAe~ jIva se alaga hokara eka-kSetrAvagAhI bhI raha sakatI haiM aura pRthak bhI ho sakatI haiM / samaya Ane para yogyatAnusAra usI jIva ke sAtha yA anya jIva ke sAtha ba~dha jAtI haiN| karmabandha aura karmaphala saMyogoM kI madhyAvadhi meM bhI jIva aura karma pudgaloM ke bIca khIMcatAna hotI raha sakatI hai| jitanA aura jaisA bA~dhA thA utanA aura vaisA hI karma prAya: udaya meM nahIM A pAtA, isa madhyAvadhi meM baddha karmoM meM anizcita ghaTa-bar3ha ho sakatI hai yA hotI rahatI hai| cetana jIvadravya ke, aura acetana pudgaladravya ke karma vargaNAoM ke, paraspara ba~dhakara eka ho jAne, avadhi pUrI hone para karma ke udaya meM Ane aura phala dekara pRthak ho jAne kI, saMkSepa meM yahI vyAkhyA hai| yoM to ina donoM ke bIca ekakSetrAvagAhI sambandha bhI hotA hI hai para vaha karmabandha kA niyAmaka sambandha nahIM hai| jIva aura pudgala karmoM ke bIca nimitta-naimittika sambandha hI pramukha aura kAryakArI hotA hai| vidvAna paM. mANikacandajI kaundeya ne isa viSaya meM samantabhadra svAmI ke vacanoM ke anusAra kArya kI niSpannatA meM eka kAraNa ko nahIM, varan kAraNa samudAya yA sAmagrI kI anivAryatA para bala diyA hai| samantabhadra svAmI ke anusAra kArya ke hone meM upAdAna ke sAtha nimitta kA honA mAtra paryApta nahIM hai, balki usakA sahakArI honA Avazyaka hai| unhoMne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki jIva ke jJAna, icchA, aura prayatnoM kI utpatti meM samavAyi kAraNa, asamavAyi kAraNa, nimitta kAraNa Adi aneka kAraNa apanA yogadAna karate haiN| taba kahIM kArya kI siddhi hotI hai| nyAyAcArya jI ke sAtha carcA ke daurAna aneka nimitta kAraNoM kI carcA AtI rahatI thI, unameM se kucha merI DAyarI para bhI sthAna pAte rahe, jinheM yahA~ prastuta karanA mujhe rucikara hai 1. upAdAna kAraNa, 2. nimitta kAraNa, 3. udAsIna kAraNa, 4. preraka kAraNa, 5. samarthatama kAraNa, 6. avalambana kAraNa, 7. sahakArI kAraNa, 8. zaktyAdhAna kAraNa, 9. vyaMjaka kAraNa, 10. kAraka kAraNa, 11. samavAyi kAraNa, 12. asamavAyi kAraNa, 274 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #284
13. svatantra kAraNa, 14. avalambakAraNa, 15. adhipati kAraNa, 16. adhikaraNa kAraNa, 17. sahabhAvI kAraNa, 18. kramabhAvI kAraNa, 19. kAryadezasthita kAraNa, 20. anyadezasthita kaarnn| isI prakAra inake sambandha bhI sUcita kie gaye haiM 1. nimitta-naimittika sambandha, 2. AdhAra-Adheya sambandha, 3. eka kSetrAvagAha sambandha, 4. viSaya-viSayI sambandha, 5. vAcya-vAcaka sambandha, 6. jJApya-jJApaka sambandha, 7. bahirvyApya-vyApaka sambandha, 8. antarvyApya-vyApaka sambandha / hetu ke bhI tIna bheda kahe gae haiM 1. kAraka hetu , 2. jJApaka hetu , 3. vyaMjaka hetu / nimitta abhAvAtmaka bhI ho sakate haiM Upara ve kucha kAraNa ginAye gae haiM, jo apane sadbhAva dvArA kArya kI niSpannatA meM sahAyaka ho sakate haiN| jaina nyAya ke anusAra ina sadbhAvAtmaka kAraNoM ke alAvA aneka aise bhI kAraNa haiM, jinakA abhAva kArya ko utpanna karane aura banAe rakhane meM nimitta banatA hai| ye abhAvAtmaka kAraNa haiM kisI bhI dravya kI, yA kisI bhI padArtha kI sunizcita aura paripUrNa paribhASA karanI ho to usakI vartamAna paryAya kI vyAkhyA karake hI usakA sahI paricaya denA sambhava hotA hai| usa padArtha kA yaha rUpa kaba nirmita huA, usakA rUpa-raMga kaisA hai, usakA rasa yA svAda kaisA hai, usakI gandha kaisI hai aura usakA sparza ThaNDA hai yA garma, rUkhA hai yA cikanA, halkA hai yA bhArI tathA komala hai yA kaThora, ye kucha bAteM to usake paricaya meM batAyI jaaeNgii| yahI to vastu-svarUpa kI paribhASA hogI, kintu vastu kI samagra paribhASA yahA~ samApta nahIM hotii| sAre vivaraNa batAne ke bAda bhI vastu ke sambandha meM bahuta-kucha anakahA raha jAtA hai, jisa para vicAra kiye binA vastu kA paricaya pUrA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ___ paribhASA kI pUrNatA ke lie hameM vastu kI vidyamAna paryAyoM ke sAtha usakI vartamAna meM avidyamAna paryAyoM ko bhI vicAra meM lenA pdd'egaa| sadbhAva kI carcA ke sAtha abhAva kI carcA kie binA vastu-vyAkhyAna pUrA nahIM hotaa| jaina AcAryoM ne una sAre abhAvoM ko mukhyataH prAg abhAva, pradhvaMsa abhAva, anyonya abhAva aura atyanta abhAva, ina cAra abhAvoM meM vargIkRta kiyA hai| Agama meM inakA svarUpa isa prakAra batAyA gayA hai___ 1. prAg abhAva -vartamAna paryAya kA pUrva paryAya meM jo abhAva hai, vaha prAgabhAva hai| jaise - dahI kA dUdha meM abhAva yA chAcha kA dahI meM abhaav| 2. pradhvaMsa abhAva-vartamAna paryAya kA AgAmI paryAya meM jo abhAva hai, vaha pradhvaMsAbhAva hai| jaise - dUdha kA dahI meM abhAva yA dahI kA chAcha meM abhaav| 3. anyonya abhAva -dravya kI eka vartamAna paryAya meM usI dravya kI vigata aura jIva aura karma sambandha :: 275 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #285
anAgata sabhI paryAyoM ke abhAva ko anyonyAbhAva kahA gayA hai, arthAt vartamAna paryAya meM usI dravya kI anya-anya vartamAna paryAyoM kA abhAva hI anyonyAbhAva hai| udAharaNa ke lie dahI meM ghAsa-bhUsA-khalI tathA ghI-miTTI-patthara-lakar3I Adi pudgala dravya kI anya-anya paryAyoM kA abhAva anyonyAbhAva hai| 4. atyanta abhAva-anya dravya kA anya dravya meM abhAva hI atyantAbhAva hai, yA eka dravya meM dUsare dravya ke abhAva ko atyantAbhAva kahate haiN| jaise pudgala dravya kI dUdha-dahI Adi paryAyoM meM anya dravyoM ke cetanatva-amUrtitva tathA gatihetutva Adi guNoM aura paryAyoM kA abhAva atyantAbhAva hai| atyantAbhAva dravyArthika naya kI apekSA se kahA jAtA hai| pariNamana chahoM dravyoM kA svabhAva hai| isa pariNamana meM dUsare dravya se kisI prakAra ke sakriya sahayoga kI apekSA yA AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| yahI chahoM dravyoM ke zuddha pariNamana kA niyama hai; parantu jIva aura pudgala, ina do dravyoM kA azuddha pariNamana bhI to hotA hai, unakA niyama alaga hai| ina donoM dravyoM kI azuddha paryAyoM se hI saMsAra banA hai| jagata meM jitane bhI cetana aura jar3a padArtha nAnA rUpoM meM dikhAI dete haiM yA anubhava meM Ate haiM, vaha saba jIva aura pudgala kI azuddha paryAyoM kI lIlA hai| saMsAra meM saMsaraNa karate hue ye donoM dravya azuddha dazA meM hI haiN| yathArtha yahI hai ki yaha sArA jagata jIva aura pudgala ke nimitta se nirmita hai| yahA~ ye donoM paraspara eka-dUsare ke lie nimitta aura upAdAna banate rahate haiM aura usI bala para yaha sRSTi calatI hai| yahA~ kabhI bhI, kucha bhI, nimitta ke binA na to ghaTita hotA hai, na ghaTita huA hai, aura na kabhI ghaTita ho sakatA karmavargaNA rUpI pudgala dravya jIva ke sAtha ba~dhakara yA milakara ekameka hotA rahatA hai| apanI svanirdhArita avadhi pUrNa karake hara karmapuMja udayarUpa pariNamita hotA hai aura apanA phala dekara jIva ke sAtha usakA nimitta-naimittika sambandha svataH samApta ho jAtA hai| karma ke bandha aura udaya kA cakra jIva kI cetanA ko aise mAyA jAla meM gA~sa kara rakhatA ki usake prabhAva meM jIva apanI zakti bhUlakara vivaza huA saMsAra meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| __ vAstava meM pudgala ke prabhAva meM madAndha hokara janma-maraNa karate rahanA hI jIva kI kAyaratA hai| apanI zakti bhulAkara, svayaM ahitakara mArga para bhaTakate rahanA hI usake bhava-bhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| isa bhrama kA nivAraNa karane kI zakti bhI jIva meM hai; kyoMki apanI isa Antarika sRSTi kA nirmAtA brahmA svayaM hI hai| avAgamana ke isa cakra ko aTala mAnakara isakA pAlanahAra viSNu bhI jIva svayaM hI hai| apane nija svarUpa ko pahacAna kara isa sva-racita mithyA-sRSTi kA saMhAra karane kI zakti bhI usake bhItara hai, isaliye AtmajJAna aura AtmadhyAna kA nimitta juTAkara, isa svaracita Antarika sRSTi kA saMhAraka zaMkara banakara, apane lie jIva ko svayaM yaha puruSArtha karanA hogaa| mere lie yaha 276 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #286
karane vAlA jagata meM koI nahIM hai| saMsAra paripATI ko chedakara usase bAhara nikalanA koI azakya-anuSThAna nahIM hai| anukUla nimitta juTAkara ananta prANI isa apAra-pArAvAra ko pAra karake lokAgra meM virAjamAna ho cuke haiM, Aja bhI ho rahe haiM, unakA udAharaNa mere sAmane hai| unakA anusaraNa karane para una nimittoM ke sahakAra se mujhe bhI merA gantavya prApta hogaa| maiM ananta zaktizAlI, jJAnapuMja, cetana AtmA hU~ aura apanI bhUlavaza jar3a pudgala se prabhAvita huA loka meM bhaTaka rahA huuN| pudgala ke prabhAva se mukta honA hI merI mukti hai| jIva aura karma sambandha :: 277 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #287
karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA rAkeza jaina zAstrI karma siddhAnta samajhane ke lie prathama hameM karma zabda se hI paricita ho jAnA caahie| karma zabda aneka arthoM meM prayukta huA hai| jaise kRtya, kAryasampAdana, vyavasAya, dhArmikakRtya, kRta kA phala aadi| SaTkAraka prakriyA meM kartA kAraka ke uparAnta karma kAraka, jisakA artha 'karturIpsitatamaM karma' arthAt jo kartA kA pasanda kiyA huA kArya hai, vaha karma hai| jaise jIva kA jJAna, darzana Adi rUpa sahaja karma, pudgala kA sparza, rasa Adi rUpa sahaja karma yA pariNamana yA kaary| vyAkaraNa ke jJAtAoM meM karma kA yaha artha bahu-pracalita hai aura tattvajJAniyoM ko yaha karma kA svarUpa hamAre sahaja svabhAva kA prasiddha karane vAlA hone se pasanda AtA ___ anya artha jo jagajjana meM karma bandhana rUpa meM prasiddha hai| sabhI AtmavAdI, IzvaravAdI darzana isa viSaya meM yahI mAnyatA prasiddha karate haiM ki "jo jasa karahiM so tasu phala cAkhA' arthAt prANI jaisA karma karatA hai, use vaisA hI phala bhoganA par3atA hai| vAstava meM karma kA maulika artha to kriyA hI hai| jIva mana-vacana-kAya ke dvArA kucha-nakucha karatA hai, yaha saba usakI kriyA yA karma hai, aura mana-vacana-kAya ye tIna usake dvAra haiN| ise jIva-karma yA bhAvakarma kahate haiN| yahA~ taka to sabhI svIkAra karate haiN| parantu isa bhAvakarma se prabhAvita hokara kucha sUkSma jar3a pudgalaskandha jIva ke pradezoM meM praveza pAte haiM, aura usake sAtha ba~dhate haiN| yaha bAta kevala jainAgama hI batAtA hai| ye sUkSma skandha ajIva karma yA dravya karma kahalAte haiM aura sUkSma rUpa-rasAdi ke dhAraka mUrtika hote haiN| jaise-jaise karma (bhAva) jIva karatA hai vaise hI svabhAva ko lekara ye dravya karma (pudgala) usake sAtha ba~dhate haiM aura kucha kAla pazcAt paripakva dazA ko prApta hokara udaya (phala) meM Ate haiN| usa samaya inake prabhAva se jIva ke jJAnAdi guNa tirobhUta ho jAte haiN| yahI unakA phaladAna kahA jAtA hai| sUkSmatA ke kAraNa ve hameM dRSTigocara nahIM haiM, para anubhavagocara 278 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #288
paraloka mAnane vAle dArzanikoM kA mata hai ki hamArA pratyeka acchA yA burA karma apanA saMskAra chor3a jAtA hai; kyoMki hamAre pratyeka karma yA pravRtti ke mUla meM rAga aura dveSa rahate haiN| yadyapi pravRtti yA karma kSaNika hotA hai, tathApi usakA saMskAra phalakAla taka sthAyI rahatA hai| saMskAra se pravRtti aura pravRtti se saMskAra kI paramparA anAdikAla se calI AtI hai, isI kA nAma saMsAra hai| kintu jainadarzana ke matAnusAra karma kA svarUpa kisI aMza meM isase bhinna hai| jainadarzana meM karma kevala eka saMskAra mAtra hI nahIM hai, kintu eka vastubhUta padArtha hai| jo rAgIdveSI jIva kI kriyA se AkRSTa hokara jIva ke sAtha mila jAtA hai| yadyapi yaha padArtha bhautika hai tathApi jIva ke karma arthAt kriyA se AkRSTa hokara vaha jIva ke sAtha ba~dhatA hai isalie use karma kahate haiN| vaha Age jAkara acchA yA burA phala detA hai| vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai ki pudgala dravya mukhya rUpa se pA~ca vargaNAoM (samAna guNa vAle paramANu piNDa ko vargaNA kahate haiN|) meM vibhakta haiM -(1) AhAravargaNA (2) bhASA vargaNA (3) manovargaNA (4) taijasa vargaNA, aura (5) kaarmaannvrgnnaa| jo isa saMsAra meM sUkSma skandhoM ke rUpa meM sarvatra vyApta haiN| jIva ke mana-vacana-kAya ke mAdhyama se, rAga-dveSa rUpa kAryoM ke nimitta se yaha kArmANa vargaNA hI karmarUpa pariNamita ho jAtI hai, jaisA ki AcArya kundakundadeva ne 'pravacanasAra' meM likhA hai pariNamadi jadA appA suhamhi asuhamhi raagdosjudo| to pavisadi kammarayaM NANAvaraNAdibhAvehiM / / 187 / / jaba rAga-dveSa se yukta AtmA acche pratIta zubha aura bure pratIta azubha karmoM meM lagatA hai, taba karma rUpI raja jJAnAvaraNa Adi rUpa se usameM praveza karatA hai| isa prakAra karma eka mUrta padArtha hai, jo jIva ke sAtha ba~dha jAtA hai| 'paMcAstikAya' grantha meM usa mUrta karmabandha kI paramparA ko isa prakAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai jo khala saMsArattho jIvo tatto du hodi prinnaamo| pariNAmAdo kamma kammAdo hodi gadisu gdii| 136 // gadimadhigadassa dehI dehAdo iMdiyANi jaayNte| tehiM du viSayaggahaNaM tatto rAgo va doso vA // 137 // jAyadi jIvassedaM bhAvo sNsaarckkvaalmmi| idi jiNavarehiM bhaNido aNAdiNidhaNo saNidhaNo vaa| 138 / / arthAt jo jIva saMsAra meM sthita hai, yAnI janma-maraNa ke cakra meM par3A huA hai usake rAgarUpa aura dveSarUpa pariNAma hote haiN| una pariNAmoM se naye karma ba~dhate haiN| karmoM se gatiyoM meM janma lenA par3atA hai| janma lene se zarIra milatA hai| zarIra meM indriyA~ karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 279 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #289
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hotI haiM / indriyoM se viSayoM ko grahaNa karatA hai / viSayoM ko grahaNa karane se yaha jIva iSTa viSayoM meM rAga aura aniSTa viSayoM meM dveSa karatA hai / isa prakAra saMsAracakra meM par3e hue jIva ke bhAvoM se karmabandha aura karmabandha se rAga-dveSa rUpa bhAva hote rahate haiM / yaha cakra abhavya-jIva kI apekSA se anAdi ananta hai aura bhavya - jIva kI apekSA se anAdi sAnta hai; aisA jinendra bhagavAna ne kahA hai 1 isase spaSTa hai ki saMsArI jIva anAdikAla se mUrtika jar3a karmoM se ba~dhA huA hai, isalie eka taraha se vaha mUrtika hI ho rahA hai, jaisA ki kahA hai vaNNa rasa paMca gaMdhA do phAsA aTThaNiccayA jIve / No saMti amutti tado vavahArA mutti baMdhA do / ! 7 / / - siddhAntacakravartI AcArya nemicandra, 'dravya saMgraha ' arthAt vAstava meM jIva meM pA~coM rUpa, pA~coM rasa, donoM gandha, AThoM sparza nahIM rahate, isalie vaha amUrtika hai, kyoMki jaina darzana meM rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza guNa vAlI vastu ko hI mUrtika kahA hai / kintu karmabandha ke kAraNa vyavahAra meM jIva mUrtika hai / ataH aise kathaMcit mUrtika AtmA ke sAtha mUrtika karmadravya kA sambandha hotA hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki karma ke do bheda haiM- dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma / jIva se sambaddha karma pudgaloM ko dravyakarma kahate haiM aura dravyakarma ke udaya meM ajJAna se hone vAle jIva ke rAga-dveSa rUpa bhAvoM ko bhAvakarma kahate haiN| binA bhAvakarma ke na to dravyakarma hote haiM aura na hI dravyakarmoM ke binA bhAvakarma hote haiM / 'paMcAstikAya saMgraha' meM AcArya kundakunda svAmI kahate haiM yaha loka sabhI ora se bAdara, sUkSma Adi vividha prakAra ke anantAnanta pudgaloM se ThasAThasa bharA hai| isakI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra ne likhA hai - ki karmayogya pudgala sarvalokavyApI hone se jahA~ AtmA hai, vahA~ pahale se hI vidyamAna rahate haiN| saMsArI AtmA apane svAbhAvika caitanya svabhAva ko nahIM chor3ate hue hI anAdi bandhana se baddha hone se moha-rAga-dveSa bhAva rUpa pariNamana karatA hai, una bhAvoM ko nimitta karake pudgala svabhAva se hI karmapane ko prApta hokara jIva ke pradezoM meM baddha ho jAte haiM / jaise binA kisI ke kiye hI pudgaloM ke indradhanuSa, meghAdi rUpa skandha bana jAte haiM, vaise hI apane yogya jIva ke pariNAmoM kA nimitta milate hI jJAnAvaraNa Adi karma bhI utpanna ho jAte haiM / saMsAra meM jo vividhatA dekhI jAtI hai - koI garIba hai, koI amIra hai, koI sukhI jaisA hai, koI duHkhI hai, koI jJAnI hai, koI ajJAnI hai, yaha viSamatA na to ahetuka hai aura na hI isakA kAraNa kevala loka vyavasthA Adi hai / isameM kAraNa pratyeka jIva kA apanA zubhAzubha karma hI hai / karma kA phala jIva ko kaise prApta hotA hai ?... kyA anya koI niyantA yA Izvara 280 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #290
yA ve karma hI svayaM phala dene kI sAmarthya rakhate haiN| isa viSaya para vicAra karate haiM Izvara ko jagata kA niyantA mAnane vAle vaidika darzana jIva ko karma karane meM to svatantra kintu usakA phala bhogane meM paratantra mAnate haiN| unake mata se karma kA phala Izvara detA hai, aura vaha prANiyoM ke acche yA bure karma ke anurUpa hI acchA yA burA phala detA hai kintu jainadarzana ke anusAra karma apanA phala svayaM detA hai| isake lie kisI nyAyAdhIza kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| jaise zarAba pIne se nazA hotA hai aura dUdha pIne se puSTi hotI hai| zarAba yA dUdha pIne ke bAda usakA phala dene ke lie kisI dUsare zaktimAna niyAmaka kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| usI taraha jIva kI pratyeka kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika pravRtti ke sAtha jo karma-paramANu jIvAtmA kI ora AkRSTa hote haiM aura rAga-dveSa kA nimitta pAkara usa jIva se ba~dha jAte haiM, una karma paramANuoM meM bhI zarAba aura dUdha kI taraha azubha yA zubha prabhAva DAlane kI zakti rahatI hai, jo caitanya ke sambandha se vyakta hokara jIva para apanA prabhAva DAlatI hai| usake prabhAva se mugdha huA jIva aise kAma karatA hai jo du:khadAyaka yA sukhadAyaka pratIta hote haiN| yadi karma karate samaya jIva ke bhAva zubha hote haiM, to ba~dhane vAle paramANu puNya rUpa hote haiM aura unakA phala acchA pratIta hotA hai tathA yadi bhAva bure, azubha hote haiM, to ba~dhane vAle paramANu pApa rUpa hote haiN| kAlAntara meM unakA phala bhI burA yA pApa rUpa pratIta hotA hai| ___ jainadarzana meM karma se matalaba jIva kI pratyeka kriyA ke sAtha jIva kI ora AkRSTa hone vAle karma-paramANuoM se hai| ve karma-paramANu jIva kI pratyeka kriyA ke sAtha jise jainadarzana meM yoga ke nAma se kahA gayA hai, jIva kI ora AkRSTa hote haiM aura AtmA ke rAga-dveSa-moha Adi bhAvoM kA, jinheM kaSAya nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai, nimitta pAkara jIva se ba~dha jAte haiN| isa taraha karma paramANuoM ko jIva taka lAne kA kAma jIva kI yoga-zakti karatI hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki jIva kI yogazakti aura kaSAya hI bandha kA kAraNa haiN| kaSAya ke naSTa ho jAne para yoga ke rahane taka jIva meM karma paramANuoM kA Asrava/Agamana to hotA hai, kintu kaSAya ke na hone ke kAraNa ve Thahara nahIM skte| udAharaNa ke lie yoga ko vAyu kI, kaSAya ko goMda kI, jIva ko eka dIvAra kI, aura karmaparamANuoM ko dhUla kI upamA dekara samajha sakate haiN| yadi dIvAra para goMda lagA ho, to vAyu ke sAtha ur3akara Ane vAlI dhUla dIvAra se cipaka jAtI hai, kintu yadi dIvAra sApha cikanI aura sUkhI hotI hai, to dhUla dIvAra para na cipaka kara turanta jhar3a jAtI hai| yahA~ dhUla kA kama yA jyAdA parimANa meM ur3akara AnA vAyu ke vega para nirbhara hai| yadi vAyu teja hotI hai, to dhUla bhI jyAdA ur3atI hai aura yadi vAyu dhImI hotI hai, to dhUla bhI kama ur3atI hai tathA dIvAra para dhUla kA thor3e yA adhika dinoM taka karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 281 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #291
cipake rahanA usa para lagI goMda Adi gIlI vastuoM kI cipakAhaTa kI kamI-adhikatA para nirbhara hai| yadi dIvAra para pAnI par3A ho, to usapara lagI huI dhUla jaldI jhar3a jAtI hai| yadi kisI per3a kA dUdha lagA ho, to kucha dera meM jhar3atI hai aura yadi koI goMda lagI ho, to bahuta dinoM meM jhar3atI hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki cipakAne vAlI cIja kA asara dUra hote hI cipakane vAlI cIja svayaM jhar3a jAtI hai| yahI bAta yoga aura kaSAya ke sambandha meM bhI jAnanA caahie| yogazakti jisa darje kI hotI hai, Ane vAle karmaparamANuoM kI saMkhyA bhI usI ke anusAra kama yA adhika hotI hai| yadi yoga utkRSTa hotA hai, to karmaparamANu bhI adhika mAtrA meM jIva kI ora Ate haiN| yadi yoga jaghanya hotA hai, to karma paramANu kama mAtrA meM jIva kI ora Ate haiN| isI taraha yadi kaSAya (rAga-dveSa-moha) tIvra hotI hai, to karmaparamANu bhI jIva ke sAtha bahuta samaya taka ba~dhe rahate haiM va tIvra phala dete haiN| yadi kaSAya halkI hotI hai, to karma-paramANu jIva ke sAtha kama samaya ke lie ba~dhate haiM aura phala bhI kama dete haiN| yaha eka sAdhAraNa niyama hai, kintu usameM kucha apavAda bhI haiN| isa prakAra yoga aura kaSAya se jIva ke sAtha karma-pudgaloM kA bandha hotA hai| karmoM meM aneka prakAra kA svabhAva par3anA tathA unakI saMkhyA meM kamI yA adhikatA yoga para nirbhara hai tathA unameM jIva ke sAtha kama yA adhika kAla taka Thaharane kI zakti aura tIvra yA manda phala dene kI zakti honA kaSAya para nirbhara hai| isa taraha prakRti aura pradeza bandha to yoga se hote haiM aura sthitibandha tathA anubhAga bandha kaSAya se hote ___ inameM se prakRti bandha ke ATha bheda haiM-(1) jJAnAvaraNa, (2) darzanAvaraNa, (3) vedanIya, (4) mohanIya, (5) Ayu, (6) nAma, (7) gotra, aura (8) antraay| (1) jJAnAvaraNa nAma kA karma jIva ke jJAnaguNa ke ghAtane meM nimitta hotA hai| isI kI vajaha se koI alpajJAnI yA koI vizeSajJAnI dikhAI detA hai| (2) darzanAvaraNa karma jIva ke darzana guNa ko ghAtane meM nimitta hotA hai| AvaraNa DhA~kane vAlI vastu ko kahate haiN| ye donoM karma jJAna aura darzana guNa ko DhA~kane meM nimitta hote haiN| (3) vedanIya karma sukha-du:kha ke vedana-anubhavana meM nimitta hotA hai| (4) mohanIya karma jIva ko mohita hone meM nimitta hotA hai| isake do bheda haiM-eka, jisake hone para jIva ko apanA bhAna hI nahIM ho pAtA, vaha darzana mohanIya aura dUsarA, jo sacce svarUpa kA bhAna hone para bhI svarUpa sthira hone meM bAdhaka hotA hai, vaha cAritra mohniiy| (5) Ayu karmajo amuka samaya taka jIva ko kisI eka zarIra meM roke rahane meM nimitta hotA hai| isake naSTa ho jAne para jIva kI mRtyu huI, aisA kahA jAtA hai| (6) nAma karmajisakI nimittatA meM acche yA bure zarIra ke aMga-upAMga vagairaha kI racanA hotI hai| (7) gotra karma-jisake nimitta se jIva ucca yA nIca kula vAlA kahalAtA hai| (8) 282 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #292
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir antarAya karma-jisake nimitta se icchita vastu kI prApti meM yA puruSArtha meM bAdhA paidA hotI hai| ina ATha karmoM meM jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya va antarAya ye cAra karma to ghAti karma kahe jAte haiM; kyoMki ye cAroM jIva ke svAbhAvika guNoM ko ghAtane meM nimitta hote haiN| zeSa cAra karma aghAti kahe jAte haiM, ve jIva ke guNoM kA ghAta nahIM kintu saMyogoM ke milAne meM nimitta hote haiN| ___'gommaTasAra karmakANDa' meM AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne ina karmoM kI prakRti ko samajhane ke lie upamAe~ prayukta kI haiM jJAnAvaraNa karma kI upamA parde se dI hai| jaise parde se DhakI cIja kA jJAna nahIM hotA, vaise hI jJAnAvaraNa ke udaya meM padArthoM kA jJAna nahIM ho paataa| darzanAvaraNa kI upamA dvArapAla se dI hai| jaise koI vyakti rAjamahala Adi dekhanA cAhatA hai, kintu dvArapAla roka detA hai| vedanIya kI upamA zahada lapeTI talavAra se dI hai, cATane para mIThA lagatA hai, kintu jIbha kaTa jAtI hai, aisA hI sukha-duHkha denA vedanIya kA svabhAva hai| mohanIya karma kI upamA madya se dI hai jaise madya pIkara manuSya apane hoza meM nahIM rahatA, usI prakAra kI sthiti moha ke udaya meM saMsArI jIva kI hotI hai| Ayu karma kI upamA pairoM meM par3I ber3I se dI hai, jaise paira ba~dha jAne para manuSya eka hI sthAna para par3A rahatA hai, vaise hI Ayu karma jIva ko amuka bhava meM roke rahatA hai, usake udaya rahate mRtyu nahIM hotii| nAmakarma kI upamA citrakAra se dI gayI hai, jaise citrakAra aneka prakAra ke citra banAtA hai, vaise hI nAma karma aneka prakAra ke zarIra Adi kI racanA karatA hai| gotrakarma kI upamA kumhAra se dI gayI hai jaise kumhAra choTe-bar3e bartana banAtA hai, vaise hI gotrakarma U~cA-nIcA yA choTA-bar3A vyavahAra karAtA hai| antarAya kI upamA bhaNDArI se kI gayI hai| jaise rAjA to kisI ko kucha denA cAhatA hai, kintu bhaNDArI manA kara detA hai, vaise hI antarAya karma ke udaya meM jIva ko icchita vastu kA lAbha nahIM hotaa| dene vAle kI icchA hone para bhI de nahIM pAtA aura lene vAlA le nahIM paataa| antarAya karma jIva kI ananta zakti kA pracchAdaka hai| isa prakAra karma ke ATha mUla bheda haiM, kintu inakI uttara prakRtiyA~ 148 haiN| jinakA vivaraNa karma siddhAnta viSayaka granthoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| karmoM kI 10 vividha avasthAe~ jaina siddhAnta meM karmoM kI mukhya dasa avasthAe~ batalAI gayI haiM, jinheM 'karaNa' kahate haiN| unake nAma haiM-bandha, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa, udIraNA, sattva, udaya, upazama, nidhatti aura nikaacit|| __ 1. sarvaprathama bandhakaraNa hotA hai| jIva ke sAtha karma pudgaloM ke eka kSetrAvagAha karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 283 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #293
rUpa sambandha ko bandha kahate haiN| 2. bandha ko prApta karma pradezoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga ko bar3hAnA utkarSaNa hai| 3. karma pradezoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga kI hAni ko arthAt jo pahale bA~dhA thA, usase kama karane ko apakarSaNa kahate haiN| 4. jo prakRti pUrva meM ba~dhI thI, usakA sajAtIya anya prakRti rUpa pariNamana honA saMkramaNa hai| 5. apakva pAcana kA nAma udIraNA hai arthAt apane niyatakAla se pUrva hI pUrvabaddha karmoM kA phalonmukha ho jAnA udIraNA hai| 6. karma bandha ke pazcAt phala dene ke prathama samaya taka usakA sattA meM rahanA sattva kahalAtA hai| 7. apanI sattA meM vidyamAna karma jaba apanI sthiti ko pUrA kara phala dene lagatA hai, taba use karmoM kA udaya kahate haiN| 8. AtmA meM karmoM kI nijazakti kA kAraNavaza prakaTa na honA upazama hai| jaise phiTakarI DAla dene se maile pAnI kA maila nIce baiTha jAtA hai aura jala nirmala ho jAtA hai| vaise hI pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi se karmoM kI zakti kA prakaTa na honA upazama hai| yaha upazamakaraNa kevala mohanIya karma meM hI hotA hai| 9. karmoM ko udaya meM Ane se tathA anya prakRti rUpa saMkramaNa karane meM samartha na honA hI nidhatti hai| 10. karma kA udIraNA, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa kA na ho pAnA nikAcita hai| karmoM kI ina aneka dazAoM ke sAtha-sAtha karma kA svAmI, karmoM kI sthiti, kaba kauna karma ba~dhatA hai? kisakA udaya hotA hai, kisa karma kI sattA rahatI hai, kisa karma kA kSaya hotA hai ? ityAdi vistRta varNana jAnane ke lie 'gommaTasAra' Adi grantha avalokanIya haiN| guNasthAna moha aura mana, vacana, kAya kI pravRtti ke nimitta se utpanna jIva ke antaraMga pariNAmoM kI taratamatA arthAt pratikSaNa hone vAlA utAra-car3hAva guNasthAna hai| guNasthAna Atmika guNoM ke vikAsa kI kramika avasthAoM kA nAma hai| jIva ke pariNAma sadA eka se nahIM rahate, unameM moha va mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRtti ke kAraNa pratikSaNa utAra-car3hAva hotA rahatA hai| ina pratyeka avasthAoM kA bodha guNasthAna dvArA hotA hai| guNasthAnoM se jIva ke moha-nirmoha, saMsAra-mokSa, bandha-abandha dazAoM kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| ___ yadyapi jIva svayaM apane jJAna, darzana, sukha, bala Adi ananta guNoM kA adhipati sadaiva hai, kintu mAtra anAdi ajJAna bhAva se apane svabhAva se aparicita rahA aura isa 284 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #294
aparicaya ke kAraNa karmoM se sampRkta hotA rahA, ba~dhatA rahA hai| ananta saMsAra cakra meM dukhita hotA huA jIva jaba sadupadeza evaM mahAbhAgya kI upasthiti meM samyak puruSArtha se jJAnabhAva rUpa apane ko svIkAra karatA hai, taba bandhamArga se bacatA hai aura Ananda rUpa mukti mArga ko pA jAtA hai| aisA utAra-car3hAva hotA hI rahatA hai| __yaha utAra-car3hAva kA krama 10veM guNasthAna taka jArI rahatA hai tathA dUsare va gyArahaveM guNasthAna se to kevala avarohaNa/utAra hI hotA hai, ye jIva ke patanonmukha pariNAma haiN| bArahavA~ guNasthAna ArohaNa svarUpa hI hai| antataH jIva 13veM va 14veM guNasthAna se UrdhvArohaNa karatA huA mokSa-zikhara para hI pahu~cAtA hai| isI ko paJcasaMgraha prAkRta adhikAra, 1/3 meM AcArya deva kahate haiM jehiM du lakkhijaMte udayAdisu saMbhavehiM bhAvehiM / jIvA te guNasaNNA NiddiTThA svvdrisiihiN|| arthAt darzanamohanIya Adi karmoM kI udaya, upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama Adi avasthAoM ke hone para utpanna hone vAle jina bhAvoM se jIva lakSita kiye jAte haiM, unheM sarvadarziyoM ne guNasthAna kahA hai| yoM to pariNAmoM ke utAra-car3hAva kI apekSA Atmika vikAsa ke ArohaNaavarohaNa ke ananta vikalpa sambhava haiM, phira bhI pariNAmoM kI utkRSTatA aura jaghanyatA kI apekSA unheM caudaha bhUmikAoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai, jinheM guNasthAna kahate haiN| jo nimna haiM __1. mithyAdRSTi, 2. sAsAdana samyagdRSTi, 3. samyak mithyAdRSTi (mizra), 4. avirata samyagdRSTi yA asaMyata samyagdRSTi, 5. dezavirata yA saMyatAsaMyata, 6. pramatta saMyata yA pramattavirata, 7. apramatta saMyata, 8. apUrvakaraNa, 9. anivRttikaraNa, 10. sUkSma sAmparAya, 11. upazAnta moha, 12. kSINa moha yA vItarAga chadmastha, 13. sayoga kevalI jina evaM 14. ayoga kevalI jin| samyagdRSTi (caturtha guNasthAna) ke sAtha prayukta asaMyata vizeSaNa apane se pUrva ke guNasthAnoM meM asaMyatapanA vyakta karatA hai| yaha antyadIpaka prayoga hai| isase Upara ke guNasthAna saMyamI jIvoM ke hote haiM tathA sabhI samyagdRSTi hote haiN| pramattavirata (chaThaveM guNasthAna) meM prayukta pramatta zabda apane sAtha apane se nIce kI pramatta sthiti ko prakaTa karate haiN| isI prakAra bArahaveM guNasthAna ke sAtha jur3A chadmastha zabda bhI antyadIpaka hai; kyoMki AvaraNa karmoM ke abhAva ho jAne se usase Age kI bhUmikAoM meM chadamasthatA nahIM rhtii| guNasthAnoM ke ukta nAmoM ke kAraNa mohanIya karma aura yoga haiN| prArambha ke cAra guNasthAnoM kA sambandha hamArI dRSTi (zraddhA) se hai, jo ki darzana mohanIya karma ke karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 285 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #295
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nimitta se hote haiN| paMcama Adi guNasthAnoM kA sambandha jIva ke cAritrika vikAsa se hai, ve cAritra mohanIyakarma ke upazama, kSayopazama aura kSaya ke nimitta se utpanna hote haiM / terahavA~ aura caudahavA~ guNasthAna yoga - nimittaka haiM / guNasthAnoM kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai 1. mithyAtva - sahaja jJAnAnandI zuddha Atma svabhAva apanA hone para bhI patA na hone ke kAraNa suhAtA nahIM haiM / yahI Atma - ajJAnI bhAva, para ruci - rujhAna meM itanA tallIna hotA hai ki samajhAe jAne para bhI apane ko dehAdi rUpa hI svIkAratA hai / jJAtArUpa svIkAra nahIM pAtA / mAtra itane doSa se hI yaha jIva mithyAtvI, ajJAnI, saMsArI, duHkhI aura Akulita rahatA hai| mithyA pada kA artha vitatha, vyalIka, viparIta aura asatya hai| jaba taka prayojanabhUta jIvAdi padArtha viSayaka zraddhA asatya hotI hai, taba taka jIvatva se bAhya zarIrAdi padArtha tathA rAgAdi bAhya vikRta pariNAma apane lagate haiM, tabhI taka jIva mithyAtva guNasthAna meM rahatA hai| anAdi se Atma ajJAna va bhrama se aisI hI dazA pratyeka saMsArI ajJAnI kI ho rahI hai / jaise pitta jvara se grasta rogI ko hitakArI madhura auSadhi bhI acchI nahIM lagatI, vaise hI mithyAtvagrasta citta meM Atmatattva - poSaka jinavacana priya nahIM lagate haiM / aisA jIva sva- para viveka rahita hotA hai arthAt svAnubhUtipUrvaka viparIta abhiniveza (mAnyatA) rahita tattvArtha zraddhAna nahIM hotA tathA sacce deva - zAstra - guru kA bhI yathArtha zraddhAna nahIM hotA / mithyAtva ke do bheda haiM- agRhIta aura gRhIta / ekendriyAdi sabhI saMsArI jIvoM ke pravAha rUpa se jo ajJAna - bhAva - maya mithyA mAnyatA calI A rahI hai, jisase jIva kI dehAdi jar3a padArthoM meM aura unako nimitta karate hue rAgAdibhAvoM meM ekatvabuddhi banI rahatI hai, vaha agRhIta mithyAtva hai aura isake sadbhAva meM jIvAdi padArthoM ke yathArtha svarUpa ko na jAnane vAle jIvoM dvArA kalpita jo anAdi ajJAna puSTa hotA hai aura nayI anyathA mAnyatAe~ aMgIkAra kI jAtI haiM, vaha gRhIta mithyAtva kahalAtA hai| vaha kuguru, kudeva, kudharma kI nimittatA meM hotA hai| yaha mithyAbhAva pA~ca prakAra bhI batalAyA gayA hai / viparIta, ekAnta, vinaya, saMzaya evaM ajJAna rUpa mithyApariNati vAlA / 2. sAsAdana samyagdRSTi - samyagdarzana ke virAdhana ko AsAdana kahate haiM, usake sAtha jo bhAva hotA hai, vaha sAsAdana kahalAtA hai / jisa aupazamika samyagdRSTi jIva ne anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke udayavaza aupazamika samyaktva ke kAla meM kama-se-kama eka samaya aura adhika se adhika chaha Avali kAla zeSa rahane para samyagdarzana rUpI ratnaparvata ke zikhara se cyuta hokara mithyAdarzana rUpI kaNTakAkIrNa AkulatArUpa bhUmi ke sanmukha 286 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #296
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hote hue samyagdarzana kA to nAza kara diyA hai, kintu mithyAdarzana ko prApta nahIM huA hai / jIva kI isa avasthA ko sAsAdana guNasthAna kahate haiM / sAsAdana pada ke sAtha samyaktva pada kA prayoga bhUtapUrva nyAya kI apekSA huA hai| isa kA kAla antarmuhUrta mAtra hai, kAla pUrA hone para niyama se mithyAdRSTi hotA hai / 3. mizra-(samyakmithyAdRSTi) - jisa guNasthAna meM jIva ke samyagmithyAtva prakRti ke udayavaza samIcIna aura mithyA ubhaya rUpa zraddhA yugapat hotI hai, usakI usa zraddhA ko mizra guNasthAna kahate haiM / jisaprakAra dahI aura gur3a ke milAne para unakA milA huA pariNAma (svAda) yugapat anubhava meM AtA hai, usI prakAra aisI zraddhA vAle jIva ke samIcIna aura mithyA ubhaya rUpa zraddhA hotI hai / yahA~ anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA udaya nahIM hai| isa guNasthAna kA kAla bhI antarmuhUrta hai| isa guNasthAna se sIdhe dezavirata aura apramattasaMyata guNasthAna kI prApti nahIM hotI tathA yahA~ para-bhava-sambandhI Ayu kA bandha va maraNa tathA mAraNAntika samudghAta bhI nahIM hotA hai / 4. avirata samyaktva yA asaMyatasamyagdRSTi - nizcaya samyagdarzana se sahita aura nizcaya vrata (aNuvrata aura mahAvrata) se rahita avasthA hI avirata samyaktva nAmaka caturthaguNasthAna kahalAtA hai 1 jIva ko samyagdarzana kI prApti kSayopazama, vizuddhi, dezanA, prAyogya aura karaNa labdhi tathA caturthaguNasthAna ke yogya bAhya AcAra se sampanna hone para, darzana mohanIya evaM anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka ke upazamAdirUpa abhAva ke hone para, svapuruSArtha dvArA svabhAva sanmukha hone para AtmAnubhUti pUrvaka hotI hai, arthAt yaha apane AtmA kA saccA svarUpa samajhatA hai ki "maiM to trikAla ekarUpa rahane vAlA jJAyaka paramAtmA hU~, maiM jJAtA hU~, anya jJeya haiM, para ke sAtha merA koI sambandha hai hI nahIM / aneka prakAra ke vikA bhAva jo paryAya meM hote haiM, ve bhI merA svarUpa nahIM haiN| jJAtA svabhAva kI dRSTi evaM lInatA karate hI ve nAza ko prApta ho jAte haiM arthAt utpanna hI nahIM hote / " isa prakAra nirNayapUrvaka dRSTi svasanmukha hokara nirvikalpa AnandarUpa pariNati kA sAkSAt anubhava karatI hai, tathA nirvikalpa anubhava ke chUTa jAne para bhI mithyAtva va anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM ke abhAvasvarUpa AtmA kI zuddha pariNati nirantara banI rahatI hai / usa ko avirata samyaktva nAmaka caturtha guNasthAna kahate haiM / isake tIna bheda hote haiM - 1. aupazamika, 2. kSAyopazamika, 3. kSAyika | ina tIna prakAra ke samyagdarzana meM se kisI eka samyagdarzana ke sAtha jaba taka isa jIva ke apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa Adi krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke udayavaza aviratirUpa pariNAma banA rahatA hai, taba taka avirata samyaktva nAma kA caturtha guNasthAna rahatA hai| karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 287 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #297
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir avirata samyagdRSTi AtmajJAna se sampanna hone ke kAraNa abhiprAya kI apekSA viSayoM ke prati sahaja udAsIna hotA hai / caraNAnuyoga ke anusAra AcaraNa meM isake paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM kA tathA trasa - sthAvara jIvoM ke ghAta kA tyAga nahIM hotaa| isalie isake bAraha prakAra kI avirati pAyI jAtI hai / bhoga bhogate hue unameM lipta nahIM hotA, jala ke bIca kamala kI taraha nirlipta rahatA hai / lakSya tathA bodha zuddha ho jAne se saMyama ke patha para agrasara hone ke lie utkaNThita rahatA hai| 1 5. dezavirata yA saMyatAsaMyata- caturtha guNasthAna vAlA samyagdRSTi jIva apanI AtmA `kI AMzika zuddha pariNati ko svasanmukha puruSArtha dvArA bar3hAtA huA paMcama guNasthAna ko prApta karatA hai / isa dazA meM AtmA kA nirvikalpa anubhava (caturtha guNasthAna kI apekSA) zIghra - zIghra hone lagatA hai aura apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA abhAva ho jAtA hai / Atmika zAnti bar3ha jAne ke kAraNa, para se udAsInatA bar3hatI jAtI hai tathA sahaja dezavrata ke zubha bhAva hote haiN| ataH zrAvaka ke vratoM kA yathAvat pAlana karatA hai, parantu apanI zuddha pariNati vizeSa ugra nahIM hone se tathA pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke sadbhAva bane rahane se bhAvarUpa munipada kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA hai / yaha avasthA hI dezavirata nAmaka paMcama guNasthAna hai| ise vratAvrata yA saMyatAsaMyata guNasthAna bhI kahate haiM; kyoMki antaraMga meM nizcaya vratAvrata yA nizcaya saMyamAsaMyama rUpa dazA hotI hai aura bAhya meM eka hI samaya meM trasavadha se virata aura sthAvaravadha se avirata rahatA hai / isa guNasthAna vAle zrAvaka ke aNuvrata niyama se hote haiM / gyAraha pratimAoM ke dhAraka AtmajJAnI kSullaka, ailaka evaM AryikA isI guNasthAna meM Ate haiN| 6. pramattasaMyata-jisa samyagdRSTi jJAnI puruSa ne nija dravyAzrita puruSArtha dvArA paMcama guNasthAna se adhika zuddhi prApta karake nizcaya sakala saMyama prakaTa kiyA hai aura sAtha meM kucha pramAda bhI vartatA hai, unheM pramattasaMyata guNasthAnavartI munirAja kahate haiN| anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa evaM pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa sambandhI bAraha kaSAyoM kA abhAva hone se pUrNa saMyamabhAva hone ke sAtha saMjvalana kaSAya aura nokaSAya kI yathAsambhava tIvratA rahane se saMyama ko malina karane vAlA pramAda bhI hotA hai, isalie isa guNasthAna kI pramatta saMyata saMjJA sArthaka hai| isa guNasthAna meM munirAja mahAvratoM kI apekSA savikalpa avasthA meM hI hote haiM, isalie yadyapi isameM upadeza, AhAra, nihAra, vihAra Adi vikalpa hote haiM, tathApi muniyogya Antarika zuddha pariNati ( nizcaya saMyama dazA) nirantara banI rahatI hai, aura usake anurUpa 28 mUlaguNa va uttara guNoM kA aura zIla ke saba bhedoM kA yathAvat pAlana bhI sahaja hotA hai / cAra vikathA, cAra kaSAya, pA~ca indriya, nidrA aura sneha ina pandraha pramAdoM ke kAraNa AcaraNa kiMcit dUSita banA rahatA hai, kintu chaThe guNasthAna yogya nizcaya saMyama kA 288 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #298
ghAta nahIM hotaa| __chaThe guNasthAna meM (yathocita zuddha pariNati sahita) savikalpatA aura sAtaveM guNasthAna meM nirvikalpatA hotI hai tathA donoM kA kAla antarmuhUrta hI hotA hai| ata: munirAja bArambAra savikalpa se nirvikalpa evaM nirvikalpa se savikalpa dazA meM parivartita hote rahate haiN| 7. apramatta saMyata-jo bhAvaliMgI munirAja pUrvokta 15 pramAdoM se rahita haiM, anantAnubandhI Adi 12 kaSAyoM se rahita to haiM hI, sAtha hI saMjvalana kaSAyoM tathA nokaSAyoM kI tIvratA na hokara saptama guNasthAna yogya mandatA hotI hai evaM mUlaguNa, uttaraguNoM kI sahaja niraticAra pariNati banI rahatI hai, isalie inakI apramatta saMjJA hai| buddhipUrvaka vikalpoM kA abhAva hotA hai| nirvikalpa AtmA ke anubhava rUpa dhyAna hI vartatA hai| isa guNasthAna ke do bheda haiM-1. svasthAna apramattasaMyata, 2. sAtizaya aprmttsNyt| __ jo saMyata kSapaka yA upazama zreNI para ArohaNa na kara nirantara eka-eka antarmuhUrta meM apramatta bhAva se pramatta bhAva ko aura pramatta bhAva se apramatta bhAva ko prApta hote rahate haiM, unake usa guNa kI svasthAna apramatta saMjJA hai| uparyukta munirAja ugra puruSArthapUrvaka AtmaramaNatA vizeSa bar3ha jAne para, zreNI ArohaNa ke sanmukha hokara adha:pravRttakaraNa rUpa vizuddhi ko prApta hote haiM, unake usa guNa kI sAtizaya apramatta saMjJA hai| ___paMcamakAla meM hIna puruSArtha, hIna saMhanana ityAdi ke kAraNa sAtizaya apramatta dazA kA puruSArtha isa kAla meM nahIM ho pAtA hai| 8. apUrvakaraNa-jisa guNasthAna meM Atmavizuddhi kI apUrvatA hai arthAt pUrva meM isa prakAra kI vizuddhi kA anubhava nahIM huA hai| yahA~ pratyeka jIva ke pariNAma meM pratyeka samaya anantaguNI vizuddhi hotI jAtI hai| bhinna-bhinna jIvoM kI apekSA uparitana samayavartI jIva ke pariNAma adhastana samayavartI jIva ke pariNAmoM se sadA visadRza hI hote haiM, apUrva hI hote haiM aura abhinna samayavartI jIvoM ke pariNAma sadRza bhI ho sakate haiM tathA visadRza bhI hote haiN| zreNI ArohaNa ke isa prArambhika guNasthAna kA kAla antarmuhUrta hai| 9. anivRttikaraNa-AtmasthiratA kI pratisamaya vizuddhatA bar3hatI hotI hai, phalataH samasamayavartI jIvoM ke pariNAma sadRza evaM bhinna samayavartI jIvoM ke pariNAma visadRza hI hote haiN| isa guNasthAna meM saMjvalana catuSka ke udaya kI mandatA ke kAraNa nirmala huI pariNati se krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM veda kA samUla nAza ho jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna kA kAla bhI antarmuhUrta hI hai| 10. sUkSmasAmparAya-jina jIvoM ke sUkSma bhAva ko prApta sAmparAya arthAt abuddhipUrvaka karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 289 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #299
hone vAle sUkSma lobha nAmaka sAmparAya kaSAya kA pUrNa rUpa se upazamana yA kSapaNa hotA hai, antarmuharta kAla taka pratyeka samaya meM anantaguNI Atma vizuddhi ko lie hue eka samaya meM eka hI (niyata vizuddhi vAlA) pariNAma hotA hai aura jinake nirantara karma prakRtiyoM ke upazamana aura kSapaNa hotA rahatA hai| unake usa guNasthAna kI sUkSma sAmparAya saMjJA hai| 11. upazAntakaSAya-upazama zreNI kI sthiti meM dazama guNasthAna meM cAritra moha kA pUrNa upazama karane se upazAnta moha yA upazAnta kaSAya guNasthAna hotA hai| moha pUrNa upazamita ho jAtA hai, para antarmuhUrta ke pazcAt mohodaya A jAne se niyamataH isa guNasthAna se patana hotA hai| kSapaka zreNI vAle jIva isa guNasthAna meM nahIM Ate haiM, mAtra upazama zreNI vAle hI 11veM guNasthAna meM Ate haiN| 12. kSINamoha-mohakarma kA Atyantika kSaya sampAdita karate hue dazama guNasthAna meM avaziSTa lobhAMza kA bhI kSaya hone se sphaTika maNi ke pAtra meM rakhe hue svaccha jala ke samAna pariNAmoM kI pUrNa nirmalatA kSINamoha guNasthAna hai| isakA kAla bhI antarmuhUrta hI hai| isameM pUrNa vItarAgatA ke sAtha chadmasthapanA pAye jAne se ise kSINakaSAya vItarAga chadmastha bhI kahate haiM / yathAkhyAtacAritra ke dhAraka munirAja ko mohanIya karma kA to atyanta kSaya hotA hai, aura zeSa tIna ghAtiyA karmoM kA kSayopazama rahatA hai, antarmuhUrta meM hI unakA kSaya karake terahavA~ guNasthAna prApta karate haiN| yaha guNasthAna kSapaka zreNI meM hI hotA hai| ___ 13. sayoga kevalI jina-jina jIvoM kA kevalajJAna rUpI sUrya kI kiraNoM ke samUha se ajJAna andhakAra sarvathA naSTa ho cukA hai aura jinheM nau kevalalabdhiyA~ (kSAyika samyaktva, cAritra, jJAna, darzana, dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya) prakaTa hone se paramAtma saMjJA prApta huI hai; ve jIva indriya aura Aloka Adi kI apekSA se rahita, asahAya jJAna-darzana yukta hone se 'kevalI', yoga yukta hone se 'sayoga' aura dravyabhAva ubhaya rUpa ghAti karmoM para vijaya prApta karane ke kAraNa 'jina' kahalAte haiN| isa guNasthAna meM yoga kA kampana hone se eka samaya mAtra kI sthiti kA sAtA vedanIya kA IryApatha Asrava hotA hai, lekina kaSAya kA sampUrNa abhAva hone se bandha nahIM hotaa| 14. ayogakevalI jina-isa guNasthAna meM sthita arhanta bhagavAna mana-vacana-kAya ke yogoM se rahita aura kevalajJAna sahita hone se, isa guNasthAna kI saMjJA ayogakevalI jina hai| isa guNasthAna kA kAla hrasva a, i, u, R, la svaroM ke uccAraNa karane ke barAvara hai| isa guNasthAna ke antima do samaya meM aghAti karmoM kI sarva prakRtiyoM kA bhI kSaya karake ye bhagavAna siddhapane ko prApta hote haiN| vyuparatakriyAnivarti nAmaka zukla dhyAna ke bala se sattA meM sthita 85 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya bhI isI guNasthAna meM hotA hai| 290 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #300
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra kra. gatiyoM kI apekSA guNasthAna naraka aura devagati ke jIva prathama se caturtha guNasthAna taka prApta kara sakate haiM / usase Upara ke guNasthAnoM ko prApta karane kI pAtratA unameM nahIM rahatI / tiryaMcoM meM ekendriya, vikalendriya aura asaMjJI paMcendriya jIvoM ke ekamAtra prathama guNasthAna hotA hai| mana kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa ye Upara ke guNasthAnoM ko prApta nahIM kara pAte haiM / saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMca tathA manuSyaparyAya meM strI zarIra ko prApta jIva dezasaMyama ko prApta kara sakate haiN| ata: unameM prathama se paMcama guNasthAna taka hote haiN| manuSya avasthA vAlA jIva apane AtmA kA paripUrNa vikAsa kara sakatA hai, ataH manuSyoM meM sabhI guNasthAna pAye jAte haiN| vartamAna kAla ke bharata kSetra ke manuSya munirAja avasthA taka pahu~ca kara bhI saptama guNasthAna se Upara nahIM jAte; kyoMki vartamAna meM utkRSTa puruSArtha va uttama saMhanana kA abhAva hai / guNasthAnoM se Aroha-avaroha kA krama 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. guNasthAna mithyAtva anAdi sAdi saMyatAsaMyata pramattasaMyata www. kobatirth.org apramattasaMyata apUrvakaraNa anivRttikaraNa sAsAdana mizra 4 avirata samya. aupazamika 5,7 avirata samya. kSAyika 5,7 avirata samya. kSAyopazamika 5,7 7 sUkSmasAmparAya upazAntamoha kSINamoha sayogakevalI jina ayogakevalI jina ArohaNa 4,5,7 3,4,5,7 X 7 8 9 10 11, 12 13 14 mokSa avarohaNa 1 1 sAsAdana pUrvaka 1 X 3,1 4,3,2,1 5,4,3,2,1 6,4 (maraNa kI apekSA) 7,4 (maraNa kI apekSA) 8,4 (maraNa kI apekSA) 9,4 (maraNa kI apekSA) 10,4 (maraNa kI apekSA) X X X karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 291

Page #301
lezyA kaSAya se anuraMjita jIva kI mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRtti ko lezyA kahate haiN| paMcasaMgraho' (paJcasaMgraha) prAkRtagrantha meM lezyA kA svarUpa isa prakAra ullikhita hai lippai appIkIrai eyAe Niyaya puNNa pAvaM c| jIvotti hoi lesA lesA guNa jaannykkhaayaa|| 142 / jaha geruveNa kuDDo lippaI leveNa aampittttenn| taha pariNAmo lippai suhAsuhA yatti leveNa / / 143 / / arthAt jisake dvArA jIva puNya-pApa se apane ko lipta karatA hai, unake adhIna karatA hai, usako lezyA kahate haiN| jisa prakAra AmapiSTa (dAla kI piTTI yA tailAdi) se mizrita gerU miTTI ke lepa dvArA dIvAra ra~gI jAtI hai, usI prakAra zubha aura azubha bhAva rUpa lepa ke dvArA jo AtmA kA pariNAma lipta kiyA jAtA hai, usako lezyA kahate haiN| lezyA dravya aura bhAva rUpa se do prakAra kI kahI gayI hai| zarIra nAma karmodaya se utpanna dravya lezyA hotI hai aura kaSAya se anuraMjita jIva kI yoga rUpa pravRtti bhAva lezyA hai| lezyA dravya bhAva kRSNa nIla kApota pIta padma zukla ukta lezyAoM meM kRSNa, nIla va kApota lezyAe~ azubha pariNAma rUpa hotI haiM aura pIta, padma aura zukla lezyAe~ tAratamyarUpa se zubha pariNAmoM vAlI hotI haiN| (1) kRSNa lezyA ke lakSaNa-jo svayaM dharma kriyA pAlatA nahIM, dUsaroM ko pAlane detA nahIM, tIvra krodha karane vAlA ho, vaira ko na chor3e, lar3anA jisakA svabhAva ho, dharma aura dayA se rahita ho, jo kisI ke vaza ko prApta na ho, svacchanda ho, vartamAna kArya karane meM viveka rahita ho, kalA-cAturya se rahita ho, paMcendriya viSayoM meM lampaTa ho, mAnI, mAyAvI, AlasI va bhIru ho, durAgrahI ho, upadeza kI avamAnanA karatA ho, tApa-hiMsA-asantoSa Adi parama tAmasa bhAva sahita honA kRSNa lezyA ke lakSaNa 292 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #302
haiN| aisA jIva dhUmaprabhA naraka se antima naraka taka janma letA hai| (2) nIla lezyA - jo svayaM to dharmakriyA pAlatA nahIM hai, kintu dUsaroM ko pAlane meM bAdhaka nahIM hotA, bahuta nidrAlu ho, para-vaMcana (ThagavidyA) meM ati dakSa ho, dhanadhAnya ke saMgrahAdika meM tIvra lAlasA vAlA ho, viSayoM meM Asakta, matihIna, lobha se andhA, pracura mAyA prapaMca meM saMlagna, kAyara aura kAryAniSThA, aura bahu saMjJA yukta arthAt AhAra, bhaya, maithuna, parigraha rUpa saMjJAoM meM Asakta pariNati nIla lezyA yukta jIva kI hotI hai| aisA jIva dhUmaprabhA naraka taka janma letA hai| (3) kApota lezyA-jo svayaM dharmakriyA pAlatA to hai, para svarUpa kI samajha nahIM hai, dUsaroM ke Upara roSa karatA ho, dUsaroM kI nindA karatA ho, dUSaNa bahula ho, zoka bahula ho, bhaya bahula ho, dUsaroM se IrSyA karatA ho, para kA parAbhava karatA ho, nAnA prakAra se apanI prazaMsA karatA ho, para kA vizvAsa na karatA ho, dUsaroM ko apane se hIna mAnatA ho, stuti kiye jAne para ati santuSTa ho, apanI hAni aura vRddhi ko na jAnatA ho, raNa meM maraNa kA icchuka ho, stuti yA prazaMsA kiye jAne para bahuta dhanAdika deve, kartavya-akartavya ko kucha bhI na ginatA ho, jIvana nirAza ho, aise pariNAma kApota lezyA meM hote haiN| (4) pIta lezyA-jo anupayogI kAryoM meM jyAdA vyasta rahe, upayogI kArya kama karatA ho, para nyAya-nItipUrvaka karatA ho, apane kartavya aura akartavya, aura sevyaasevya ko jAnatA ho, sabameM samadarzI ho, dayA aura dAna meM rata ho, mRdubhASI ho, dRr3hatA, mitratA, satyavAditA, svakArya paTutAyukta lakSaNa tejo lezyA yA pItalezyA ke hote haiN| ___(5) padma lezyA-jo upayogI kArya-bahulatA meM rahe, tyAgI ho, bhadra ho, cokhA (saccA) ho, uttama kAma karane vAlA ho, bahuta hI aparAdha yA hAni hone para kSamA kara de, sAdhujanoM ke guNoM ke pUjana meM nirata ho, sAtvikadAna, pANDitya pariNAma yuktatA padmalezyA ke antargata hotI hai| ___(6) zukla lezyA-jo udaya pramANa saMyogoM meM mAdhyasthya bhAva rakhatA ho, pakSapAta na karatA ho, nidAna na karatA ho, sabameM samAna vyavahAra karatA ho, jise para meM rAgadveSa va sneha na ho, nirvaira, vItarAgatA, zatru ke bhI doSoM para dRSTi na denA, nindA na karanA, pApa kAryoM se udAsInatA, zreyomArga kI ruci Adi zukla lezyA ke lakSaNa haiN| ukta kRSNAdi chahoM lezyAoM se rahita, paMcaparAvartana rUpa saMsAra se jo nikala gaye haiM, ananta sukhI haiM, Atmopalabdhi rUpa siddhapurI ko samprApta haiM, aise ayoga kevalI aura siddha jIva alezya jAnanA caahie| lezyA se paricita hone ke lie prasiddha citra ke mAdhyama se bhI samajha sakate haiN| phala prApti ke lie gRddhatA ke AdhAra para hI lezyA samajhane yogya hai| karma siddhAnta, guNasthAna evaM lezyA :: 293 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #303
citra ko isa prakAra dekheM-koI puruSa vRkSa ko jar3a mUla se ukhAr3akara, koI skandha se kATakara, koI gucchoM ko tor3akara, koI zAkhA ko kATakara, koI phaloM ko cunakara, koI gire hue phaloM ko bInakara khAnA cAhe to unake bhAva uttarottara vizuddha haiM, usI prakAra kRSNAdi lezyAoM ke bhAva bhI uttarottara vizuddha haiN| 294 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #304
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org kAraNa-kArya-vivecana Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pro. zrIyAMzakumAra siMghaI jagat meM vidyamAna vividha vastue~, unake kriyA-kalApa Adi kA samIcIna avabodha kArya-kAraNa prarUpaNA ke binA sambhava nahIM hai / adhyayana yA avabodhana kI eka zAkhA ke rUpa meM hama ise darzanazAstrIya viSaya mAna sakate haiM / bhAratIya vAGmaya kI pratyeka dhArA meM isakA vivecana hai / mAnava jIvana kA hara pahalU hI kArya-kAraNa hI paridhi hotA huA lagatA hai| apane svAbhAvika, sAMyogika Adi pariprekSya meM pratyeka vastu kArya-kAraNa mImAMsA se mUlyAMkita hotI hai aura usase hI hameM usakA satyAnubodha sambhava ho pAtA hai| andhavizvAsoM evaM korI kalpanAoM se janita ajJAna kA unmUlana bhI kArya-kAraNa kI saccI samajha se hI sambhava hai / satya-asatya kA viveka, hitaahita kI samajha, zAstrodbhUta buddhi kA parIkSaNa, sAmpradAyika yA dhArmika AsthAoM kA mUlyAMkana kara pAnA kArya-kAraNa kI vAstavika vivecanA se hI sambhava ho pAtA hai / saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke anusAra kArya-kAraNa zabda DukRJ karaNe, kRJ vadhe aura kRJ vikSepe dhAtuoM se niSpanna hote haiM / vyutpattimUlaka ina zabdoM se hameM unake maulika evaM yathArtha abhidheya kA bodha hotA hai / ataH saMskRta vAGmaya meM kArya-kAraNa zabdoM ke vibhinna arthoM kI abhivyakti svIkRta kI jA sakatI hai, kintu kriyA - niSpAdana ke sandarbha meM hI inakA prayoga pracuratA se upalabdha hotA hai tathA isa arthAbhivyakti ke lie hI darzanazAstra meM inakA prayoga svIkRta mAnA gayA hai| darzanazAstra meM kriyA ke pariNAma arthAt bhAva yA karma ko kArya kahate haiM tathA kriyA ke hone meM prerakapane yA svabhAvapane kA jo hetu hotA hai use kAraNa kahate haiM / kriyA vastuoM meM evaM unake sAMyogika svarUpoM yA padArthoM meM hI hotI hai, avastu yA kAlpanika vastuoM meM nahIM / ataH kArya-kAraNa kI vivecanA vastumUlaka hI honA cAhie / pratyakSa yA parokSa vastuoM kI jAnakArI tathA unakI paridhi yA maryAdA Adi kI svIkRti bhI kAlpanika na hokara vAstavika hI honA cAhie, kyoMki vAstavika vastuoM kI hI sayuktika evaM yathArthamUlaka vivecanA sambhava hotI hai, jisake hone para hI hama kAryakAraNa ko yathArthataH samajha sakate haiM, anyathA vivAdagrasta buddhi yA pariNati se hI hamArA kAraNa-kArya-vivecana :: 295 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #305
sAmanA hotA rahegA aura kArya-kAraNa kI sahI avadhAraNA asambhava ho jaaegii| sarvasammata satya yaha hai ki koI bhI kArya akAraNa nahIM hotA hai| kArya sattAtmaka ho yA pariNamanadharmA; usakA vajUda kAraNa ke binA kataI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| isalie kAraNa ko svIkAra karane meM kisI ko bhI vipratipatti nahIM hai| prAyaH sabhI dArzanikoM ne kArya ke hone meM mukhya evaM sahakArI kAraNoM kI bhUmikA ko svIkAra kiyA hI hai| kisI bhI kArya ke hone meM usake mukhya kAraNa kI bhUmikA to aparihArya hI hotI hai| koI bhI kArya aura usakA mukhya kAraNa ye donoM hI eka avyatirikta vastu kI yogyatA se hI sambandhita rahate haiN| kAryavastu se usakA mukhya kAraNa sadaiva abhinna hI hotA hai| sahakArI kAraNa avazya bhinna bhI ho sakate haiN| anyathA bhAratIyadarzana meM pratiSThApita satkAryavAda aura asatkAryavAda kI avadhAraNAe~ nirarthaka ho jaaeNgii| jabaki ve sarvathA nirarthaka nahIM haiN| satkAryavAda kAraNa ko kAryavastu meM sat prarUpita karatA hai yA kAraNa meM hI kArya ko sat mAna letA hai| asatkAryavAda meM yaha svIkRti sambhava nahIM hai| cArvAkdarzana meM pRthivyAdi cAra bhUtoM kI sattA aura unake kArya satkAryavAda kI paridhi meM svIkRta ho jAte haiM, kintu AtmA kI prAdurbhUti ko vahA~ asatkAryavAda kA hI pariNAma mAnA jA sakatA hai| bauddhoM dvArA vastu ko kSaNika hI prarUpita karanA bhI kAryavastu meM kAraNa ko asvIkAranA hI hai| yadyapi bauddha kAryasantati meM saMskAra ko kAraNa mAnate haiM, tathApi vahA~ donoM ko kSaNavartI hI svIkAra kiyA gayA hone se kAryavastu meM kAraNa kA yA kAraNa meM kArya kA honA sambhava nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| ataH bauddhoM ke yahA~ satkAryavAda kI dhAraNA asaMgata siddha hotI hai| isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki cArvAka aura bauddha ye donoM darzana asatkAryavAda ke dyotaka haiN| zeSa bhAratIya darzanoM meM jahA~ kAryakAraNa kI cintanA hai, vahA~ satkAryavAda kI puSTi hotI hai| sAMkhyadarzana meM satkAryavAda pariNAmavAda ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai, to vedAnta meM yaha vivartavAda kI paridhi meM svIkRta huA hai| satkAryavAda kI ina donoM hI avadhAraNAoM ko jainadArzanika pariprekSya meM bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki jainadarzana ke anusAra kisI bhI vastu meM jo bhI kArya pariNamatA hai, vaha apane guNadharma kI yogyatA ke anurUpa hI pariNamita hotA hai, anyathA nhiiN| yahA~ guNoM ke svabhAvAnukUla pariNamana svarUpa kAryoM meM unake guNa hI kAraNa haiM, jo guNAnurUpa sambhavatkAryoM meM sat hI rahate haiM tathA pratyeka kArya bhI apane kAraNa meM se tadanurUpa hI pragaTa hotA hai| ataeva pratyeka dravya meM pariNamita hote hue pariNamanadharmA sabhI kArya apane guNAnurUpatA ke kAraNa pariNAmavAda ke rUpa meM satkAryavAda kI paridhi meM parigaNita kie jA sakate haiN| inake alAvA sRSTimUlaka sAre hI sAMyogika kArya bhI saMyogApanna dravyoM kI apanI-apanI yogyatA kA ullaMghana nahIM karate haiN| yahA~ ina kAryoM kA parigaNana kisI 296 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #306
eka dravya yA guNa ke pariNAma ke rUpa meM nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu ye kArya aneka dravyoM ke vividha pariNAmoM kI samaSTi ke rUpa meM virvata arthAt apanI viziSTa vartanA ke paryAya-svarUpa meM pAye jAte haiN| jaina paramparA meM jIva kI manuSya Adi tathA pudgala kI skandha Adi vibhAva-vyaJjana-paryAyoM ko vivartavAda kI paridhi meM zAmila kiyA jA sakatA hai| dhAtrA sRSTimakalpayat' ke anusAra mImAMsA evaM vedAnta darzana meM sRSTi kA kAraNa vidhAtA brahmA ko mAnA jA sakatA hai| sAMkhya yoga darzana meM sRSTi puruSa ke lie prakRti kA pariNAma hai| yadyapi yogadarzana ne apane aSTAMga mArga kI saphalatA ke lie Izvara ko bhI Alambana svarUpa kAraNa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara liyA hai| nyAya vaizeSika darzana apane pariveza meM kArya-kAraNa kI mImAMsA prastuta karate haiN| nyAyadarzana ne Izvara ko pahile nimittakAraNa ke rUpa meM prarUpita kiyA thA, kintu kAlAntara meM vahA~ Izvara ko hI jagat ke sabhI kAryoM kA mUlakAraNa mAnA jAne lagA aura jagatsraSTA ke rUpa meM usakI pratiSThA huii| hara kArya apane kAraNa ke hone para hI hotA hai aura kAraNa ke abhAva meM koI bhI kArya nahIM hotA hai, isa satya ko koI bhI nahIM nakAratA hai, tathApi kArya-kAraNa kI bAta bhAratIyadarzana zAstroM meM apane sveSTa tattvoM kI siddhi ke lie yatkiMJcit hI kI gayI hai| vaidika pRSThabhUmi vAle sabhI darzanasampradAyoM meM kAryakAraNavAda prAyaH nyAyadarzana kI prarUpaNAoM se prabhAvita mAnA jA sakatA hai| yadi hameM kArya-kAraNa kI avadhAraNA ko sUkSma evaM gambhIra pariveza meM samajhanA hai, to darzanazAstrIya paTala para nyAyavaizaSika darzana evaM jainadarzana zAstroM kI prarUpaNAoM para apanA dhyAna kendrita karanA hogA aura satyAsatya viveka kI kasauTI ke rUpa meM vastu vyavasthA ko hI mahattva denA hogaa| samavAyikAraNa, asamavAyikAraNa aura nimittakAraNa ke rUpa meM nyAyadarzana kAraNa ko trividha prarUpita karatA hai, jabaki jainadarzana ne kAraNa ko mUlata: do bhedoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai-(1) upAdAna kAraNa aura (2) nimitta kaarnn| jaina darzana meM upAdAna kAraNa svabhAvamUlaka tathA nimitta kAraNa sahakAramUlaka mAne gaye haiN| koI bhI kArya ina kI upekSA karake arthAt inakI apekSA ke binA kataI nahIM hotA hai| kArya ke hone meM ina donoM kI bhUmikA Akalita hotI hI hai| kisI bhI kArya kA upAdAna kAraNa svakIya vastu meM hI pAyA jAtA hai, jabaki nimittakAraNa to dUsarI vastue~ bhI hotI haiN| ___ pratyeka vastu meM sadaiva pAyA jAne vAlA svabhAva apane-apane kArya kA kAlika upAdAna hotA hai, kyoMki pratyeka kArya meM usake apane dravyagata yA vastugata svabhAva kI hI abhivyakti hotI hai, tadvyatirikta kisI anya dravya ke svabhAva kI nhiiN| kAraNa-kArya-vivecana :: 297 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #307
svabhAvAnukUla isa abhivyakti meM samAnatA hone para bhI pratyeka kArya kI apanI kucha vizeSatAe~ bhI hotI haiM, jo akAraNa nahIM mAnI jA sakatI haiN| paryAyagata yogyatA ko isameM kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra dravyagata zAzvata yogyatAoM ko traikAlika upAdAna tathA paryAyagata kSaNasthAyi yogyatAoM ko kSaNika upAdAna kI saMjJA jaina dArzanikoM ne dI hai| yahA~ hama kaha sakate haiM ki AtmA meM prAdurbhUta jJAna, sukha-duHkha, icchA Adi kArya apane-apane traikAlika upAdAna svarUpa guNoM ke pariNAma haiN| pratyekakSaNavartI ina pariNAmoM kI apanI viziSTa-viziSTa pahicAna bhI hai, kyoMki pratyeka jJAna, sukha-duHkha, icchA Adi kAryoM kI apane-apane svabhAvAnukUla jJAna, sukha-duHkha, icchA-svarUpa pariNati hone para bhI una-saba kI alaga-alaga sAmarthyAbhivyakti svarUpa viziSTatA pAyI jAtI hai| jaise pratyeka jJAna-pariNAma jJAna-rUpa hI hai, phira bhI pratyeka-jJAna-pariNAma meM usakI apanI arhatA bhI hai, jo use viziSTa siddha kara detI hai| spaSTa hai ki vastu meM sadaiva vidyamAna rahane vAlI vastugata yogyatA hI traikAlika upAdAna hai| isa yogyatA ke anurUpa hI vastu meM apanI paryAyagata kSaNika yogyatAoM kA prasphuTana bhI pratikSaNa hotA rahatA hai| vastuoM kI yaha paryAyagata yogyatA hI kSaNika upAdAna kahI jAtI hai| jainadArzanika pariprekSya meM pratyeka kArya ina donoM yogyatAoM kI paridhi meM hI hotA hai, inakA ullaMghana kahIM bhI, kabhI bhI aura kaise bhI sambhava nahIM hai| ataH jainadArzanikoM ne inheM upAdAna kAraNa pratipAdita kiyA hai| traikAlika upAdAna kAraNa aura kSaNika upAdAna kAraNa ke rUpa meM inakI pariciti pramANita kI jA sakatI hai| upAdAna kAraNa aura tajjanya kArya kA eka hI dravya meM pAyA jAnA yA bane rahanA aviruddha pratipatti hai, kyoMki 'miTTI kA ghar3A' isa pratipatti meM ghaTa rUpa kArya apane upAdAna kAraNa miTTI se hI janya hai| yahA~ miTTI aura ghaTa kA paraspara tAdAtmya sambandha suspaSTa hai arthAt miTTI hI ghaTa meM hai athavA ghaTa kA sarvasva miTTI hI hai| miTTI hI ghaTapane se pariNamita huI hai tathA ghaTa rUpa kArya pariNAma meM miTTI hI sarvatra vyApta hai, jisase miTTI kA ghar3A saba taraha se miTTI-maya hI siddha hotA hai| miTTI ke binA miTTI ke ghaTa kA astitva kahIM bhI kaise bhI jJAta nahIM ho sakatA hai| ataH upAdAna kAraNa aura tajjanya kArya ko eka vastu meM jAna pAnA asambhava nahIM hai| kAraNa ke anusAra hI kArya hote haiM athavA sarvatra kAraNa ke anurUpa hI kArya huA karate haiM, yaha niSpatti hameM tabhI svIkArya hotI hai, jaba hama kArya ke upAdAna kAraNa ko vastu-gata svabhAva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kreN| isa svIkRti se hI vastu svAtantrya akSuNNa mAnA jA sakatA hai tathA guNa-guNI meM aura kArya-kAraNa meM advaitabhAva kI siddhi sambhava ho sakatI hai| kisI bhI kArya ke hone meM vastu ke svabhAvabhUta upAdAna kAraNa ko anivArya evaM 298 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #308
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir aparihArya mAnA gayA hai, tathApi sahakAri nimitta kAraNoM kI upekSA kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai| jaise pUrvokta 'miTTI kA ghar3A' isa kArya vastu meM upAdAna kAraNa miTTI kA mahattva to aparihArya hai hI, tathApi usake avinAbhAvi nimitta kAraNoM ke binA miTTI rUpa upAdAna se ghaTa kArya kI niSpatti sambhava nahIM ho sakatI hai| kyA kumbhakAra, daMDa, cakra Adi ke binA miTTI rUpa upAdAna ghaTa bana sakatA hai ? ... nahIM, kadApi nahIM / isase jJAta hotA hai ki jagat meM koI bhI kArya apane upAdAna kAraNa yA kAraNoM kI pariNamanazIlatA tathA nimitta kAraNoM kI sahakAritA se hI sampanna hotA hai, unake binA nhiiN| hA~, yahA~ yaha avazya jAna lenA cAhie ki kisI bhI kArya ke hone meM usakA upAdAna kAraNa to sarvatra sarvadA hI niyata hotA hai, kintu nimitta kAraNa eka - jaise kAryoM ke hone meM alaga-alaga bhI ho sakate haiM / upAdAna yogyatA kA paripAka hone para kArya pariNata hotA hai, to usa sthiti meM sAyAsa yA anAyAsa samucita nimitta kAraNoM kA milanA bhI nizcita hI hotA hai| eka kArya ke hone meM aneka nimitta kAraNa hote haiM / nimitta kAraNoM ko jAnane meM mukhya gauNa vyavahAra kI apekSA bhI jagat meM hotI hI hai / jo svayaM to kAryarUpa meM na pariName, kintu usa para yaha Aropa Aye ki isake hone para yaha kArya huA, to use yaha kArya kA nimittakAraNa kahate haiM / nimitta kAraNoM ko do bhAgoM meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai- antaraMga nimittakAraNa aura bahiraMga nimittkaarnn| inameM antaraMga nimittakAraNa to kisI kArya vizeSa kI pariNati meM aparihArya, aparivartita aura niyata hote haiM, kintu bahiraMga nimittakAraNa aparihArya hokara bhI parivartita evaM aniyata mAne jAte haiN| jaise kisI saMjJI paMcendriya prANI meM samyagdarzana hone kA kArya huaa| yahA~ samyagdarzana rUpa kArya ke hone meM saMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka prANI, usakA zraddhA guNa evaM tadartha yogyatA sampanna paryAya kramazaH antaraMga nimittakAraNa evaM upAdAna kAraNa haiN| isake binA asaMkhya nimitta bhI mila jAyeM, jo dUsaroM ke samyagdarzana hone meM nimitta kAraNa bane haiM, to bhI samyagdarzana kArya kA honA sambhava nahIM hai / kintu jaba upAdAna yogyatA pakatI hai arthAt kArya kI bhavitavyatA A jAtI hai, to kAlaAdika udAsIna - nimitta tathA dezanA - dAtA guru Adika preraka nimitta milane para hI samyagdarzana hotA hai / yahA~ sabhI prANiyoM kI apekSA darzana mohanIya karma kA upazama yA kSayopazama yA kSaya ko aparihArya antaraMga nimittakAraNa mAnA gayA hai| jisake hone para hI bAhya devadarzana, dharmazravaNa Adi sahakAri kAraNoM ko bhI nimitta kAraNa mAnA jA sakatA hai / bAhya sahakAri kAraNa to mila jAe~, kintu antaraMga nimittakAraNa na ho tathA usakA kAraNa-kArya-vivecana :: 299 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #309
avinAbhAvi upAdAna kAraNa bhI paripakva na ho, to samyagdarzana nahIM hotA hai| bAhya sahakAri kAraNoM kI nimittatA antaraMga nimittakAraNa ke binA aprabhAvI evaM avyavahArya hI hotI hai| sacamuca meM to antaraMga kAraNa ke binA bAhya sahakAri kAraNa nimitta hI nahIM kahe jA sakate haiM aura upAdAna kAraNa ke binA ina nimitta kAraNoM kI kAraNatA kArya sampAdana meM svIkRta hI nahIM ho sakatI hai, kyoMki upAdAna-kAraNa-zUnya kArya zazazRMga (kharagoza ke sIMga) ke samAna hI mAnA jA sakatA hai| jagat meM sAMyogika evaM sRSTi-mUlaka kAryoM kA samIcIna bodha nimitta-naimittika sambandhoM ke balabUte para hI sambhava hotA hai, kyoMki jagat evaM tadviSayaka kAryoM kI paridhi nimitta-naimittika sambandhoM taka hI sImita hotI hai| vahA~ nimitta kAraNa aura naimittika kArya ina donoM meM paraspara saha-krama-bhAva niyama svarUpa avinAbhAva sambandha ghaTita hotA hI hai| yahA~ naimittika vastu ko kArya aura nimitta vastu ko kAraNa samajhanA caahie| donoM hI vastue~ apanI-apanI yogyatA se nimitta evaM naimittika hotI haiN| pratyeka vastu hara kisI vastu ke lie nimitta nahIM ho sakatI hai aura na hI koI vastu hara kisI ke lie naimittika, apitu pratyeka vastu meM vidyamAna yogyatA se hI yaha nizcita hotA hai ki kauna vastu kisa ke lie nimitta yA naimittika ho| ___jo koI bhI vastu hai vaha yadi anya kisI ke pariNamana meM anukUla yA pratikUla hone kI yogyatA se Aropita hotI hai, to vaha anukUla yA pratikUla nimitta kahalAtI hai aura jaba svayaM apanA pariNamana karatI hai, to upAdAna kahalAtI hai| isI prakAra jaba bhI hama kisI kArya kA Akalana nimitta kAraNa svarUpa para-vastu se karate haiM, to use naimittika kArya kahA jAtA hai, parantu vaha kArya hotA to svayaM hI hai apanI yogyatA se apanI upAdAna-kAraNa-svarUpa vastu meM hii| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainaparamparA meM donoM hI upAdAna aura nimitta kAraNoM kA aucitya apratihata banA rahatA hai tathA vastu-svAtantrya kA hanana hue binA hI jagat evaM usake kAryoM kI samIcIna prarUpaNA sambhava ho jAtI hai| 300 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #310
jaina AcAra mImAMsA DaoN. anekAnta kumAra jaina sampUrNa vizva meM zramaNa saMskRti apanI jina vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa garimA-maNDita rahI hai, unameM zrama, saMyama aura tyAga jaise AdhyAtmika AdarzoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| apanI ina vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI aneka saMskRtiyoM ke sammizraNa ke bAda bhI isa saMskRti ne apanA pRthak astitva akSuNNa rkhaa| jainadharma ke anya nAmoM meM Arhata tathA zramaNadharma pramukha rUpa meM pracalita haiN| isake anusAra zramaNa kI mukhya vizeSatAe~ haiM- upazAnta rahanA, cittavRtti kI caMcalatA, saMkalpavikalpa aura iSTAniSTa bhAvanAoM se virata rahakara, samabhAva pUrvaka sva-para kalyANa krnaa| ina vizeSatAoM se yukta zramaNoM dvArA pratipAdita, pratiSThApita aura Acarita saMskRti ko zramaNa-saMskRti kahA jAtA hai| yaha puruSArthamUlaka hai| isakI cintanadhArA mUlataH AdhyAtmika hai| adhyAtma ke dharAtala para jIvana kA carama vikAsa zramaNa-saMskRti kA antima lakSya hai| jIvana kA lakSya sacce sukha kI prApti hai| yaha sukha svatantratA meM hI sambhava hai| karmabandhana yukta saMsArI jIva isakI pahacAna nahIM kara paataa| vaha indriyajanya sukhoM ko vAstavika sukha mAna letA hai| zramaNa saMskRti vyakti ko isa bheda-vijJAna kA darzana karAkara use niHzreyasa ke mArga para calane ke lie pravRtta karatI hai| jaina AcAra kA vaicArika AdhAra AcAra zabda ke tIna artha haiM- AcaraNa, vyavahAra aura aasevn|saamaanyt: siddhAntoM, AdarzoM aura vidhi-vidhAnoM kA vyAvahArika athavA kriyAtmaka pakSa AcAra kahA jAtA hai| sabhI jaina tIrthaMkaroM tathA unakI paramparA ke anekAneka zramaNoM ne svayaM AcAra kI sAdhanA dvArA bhava-bhramaNa ke duHkhoM se sadA ke lie mukti pAyI, sAtha hI mumukSu jIvoM ko duHkha nivRtti kA saccA mArga btaayaa| jainadharma kA AcArapakSa AtmAnulakSI hai| 'appA so paramappA' AtmA hI paramAtmA hai- isa avadhAraNA ke AdhAra para yahA~ paramAtma-pada kI prApti hetu pratyeka manuSya ko svayaM apanA puruSArtha karanA par3atA hai, kisI dUsare ke yA Izvara athavA daiva ke bharose nhiiN| prANiyoM ke jaise vicAra aura bhAva hoMge, vaise unake karmoM kA Agamana hogaa| prANiyoM ke bhAvoM meM kucha bhAva prazasta-uttama sarAhanIya haiM aura kucha jaina AcAra mImAMsA :: 301 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #311
aprazasta-adhama-nindanIya haiN| ina zubha aura azubha bhAvoM ke anusAra hI jIva ke zubha karma aura azubha karma kI vyavasthA hai| jo kabhI azubha karma karatA hai, vahI samajhadArI Ane para zubha karma karane lagatA hai| isI prakAra jo zubha karma karatA hai, vaha kabhI kusaMgati se azubha karma bhI karane lagatA hai| ina karmoM ke vividha phaloM ko dene vAlA kauna hai? isa prazna kA uttara hai-svayaM karoti karmAtmA svayaM tatphalamaznute...arthAt AtmA svayaM karma karatA hai aura vaha usake phala ko svayaM prApta karatA hai| yaha pratyakSa hai ki rAstA dekhakara na calanevAlA puruSa sAmane ke par3e patthara se Thokara khA jAtA hai aura gira par3atA hai| usake mAthe meM coTa svayaM A jAtI hai, yahA~ koI patthara ko doSI mAne to bhI ucita pratIta nahIM hotA tathA yahA~ koI dUsarA jaise Izvara kI bhUla ke phalasvarUpa usakA mAthA nahIM phoddtaa| jaina mAnyatA hai ki jIva karma svecchA se karatA hai, koI karAtA nahIM hai| ataH phala bhI svayaM bhogatA hai, koI detA nahIM hai| agara phala dene vAlA anya hai to karma karAne vAlA bhI anya hai, taba zubha-azubha karma karAne vAlA bhI zubha-azubha karma kA jimmedAra hai| phira vaha bhI karma lipta hogaa| ata: siddha hai ki paramAtmA mAtra jJAtA-draSTA hai| uparyukta vicAra gItA ke paMcama adhyAyagata nimna zlokoM meM bhI pAye jAte haiM na kartatvaM na karmANi lokasya sRjati prbhuH| na karmaphalasaMyogaM svabhAvastu prvrtte||| nAdatte kasyacid pApaM na caiva sukRtaM vibhuH| ajJAnenAvRtaM jJAnaM tena muhyanti jntvH|| gItA ke ina padyoM kA bhAva yaha hai ki sarvavyApaka paramezvara bhI na to manuSya ke kartRtva kA kartA hai aura na unake karmoM kI sRSTi karatA hai| na hI unake karmoM ke phala kA saMyoga karAtA hai- unheM karmaphala detA hai| yaha saba svabhAva se pravRtta hai| na vaha kisI ke pApa ko grahaNa karatA hai aura na kisI ke puNya ko hI letA hai| ajJAna se prANiyoM kA jJAna AvRta hai| isase moha ke kAraNa ve aisA mAnate haiN| vastutaH prANI svayaM apane karmoM ke kartA aura svayaM unake phalabhoktA haiN| ata: sAra yaha hai ki yadi hama vAstava meM sukhI honA cAhate haiM to jIvana meM svayaM aisA ahiMsaka AcaraNa kareM ki kisI bhI prANI ko kaSTa na ho,merI kaSAyeM kama hoM tathA saMyama,tapa,dhyAna Adi ke mAdhyama se mere pUrvopArjita ba~dhe hue karma bhI naSTa ho jAe~ aura maiM apanI zuddhAtmA kA Azraya pAkara mukta ho jaauuN| mokSamArga mokSa arthAt niHzreyasa kI prApti svayaM ratnatrayAtmaka mArga para calakara hI sambhava hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ina tInoM ko hI ratnatraya kahA jAtA hai,yahI 302 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #312
mokSamArga hai jisakI prApti tIrthaMkaroM dvArA upadiSTa AcAra saMhitA se hI sambhava hai| zramaNa saMskRti vyakti ko deha se bhinna apanI zuddhAtmA rUpI bheda-vijJAna kA darzana karAkara use niHzreyasa ke mArga para calane ke lie pravRtta karatI hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra apanI samagratA meM hI mokSamArga kA nirmANa karate haiN| prAcIna kAla se lekara zramaNadhArA ke pratyeka sAdhaka ne sarvaprathama svayaM ke jIvana meM isa ratnatrayAtmaka mokSamArga kA anusaraNa kiyA aura apanI sAdhanA kI upalabdhiyoM ke anantara isI mokSamArga kA pratipAdana kiyaa| isase jo AcAra-saMhitA nirmita huI, vaha zramaNa paramparA kI eka samagra 'AcAra saMhitA' banI, jisameM gRhastha ke jIvana se lekara nirvANa prApti taka kI sAdhanA aura usake upayukta AcAra-sambandhI niyama-upaniyama Adi kA vidhAna kiyA gyaa| AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie AcAra kI prathama sIr3hI samyagdarzana hai| jisakA artha hai saccA zraddhAna yA vishvaas| binA isake jJAna vikAsa kA sAdhaka nahIM ho sakatA aura sAdhanA bhI samyak nahIM ho sktii| isIlie zrAvaka aura zramaNa donoM ke lie samyagdarzana anivArya rUpa se Avazyaka hai| usake bAda jJAna svataH vikAsonmukhI ho jAtA hai, kintu sahI jJAna kI samagratA sAdhanA ke binA sambhava nhiiN| isalie 'NANassa sAramAyAro' arthAt jJAna kA sAra AcAra hai tathA 'cArittaM khalu dhammo' arthAt cAritra hI dharma hai, kahakara AcAra yA cAritra evaM tapazcaraNa ko vizeSa rUpa se Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| samyagdRSTivyakti AcAramArga meM pravRtta hone ke lie kramazaH zrAvaka evaM zramaNa ke AcAra ko svIkAra karatA hai athavA sAmarthya ke anusAra zramaNa dharma svIkAra kara letA hai| zrAvaka aura zramaNa ke AcAra kA svatantra rUpa se vistRta vivecana karake jaina manISiyoM ne jIvana ke samagra vikAsa ke lie svatantra rUpa se AcAra saMhitAoM kA nirmANa kara diyaa| vibhinna yugoM meM deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM ke anukUla niyamopaniyamoM meM vikAsa bhI huA hai, tathApi samyak cAritra kA mUla lakSya AdhyAtmika vikAsa karate hue mukti prApta karanA hI rahA hai| zrAvaka (gRhastha) evaM zramaNa (muni athavA anagAra)- ina do rUpoM meM suvyavasthita jaina AcArasaMhitA kI sudRr3ha AdhArazilA aura isakI apanI vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI jainadharma kI majabUta jar3oM ko Aja taka koI hilA nahIM skaa| isIlie to padmabhUSaNa AcArya paM. baladeva upAdhyAya ne ThIka hI likhA hai ki'AcAra' zramaNa saMskRti ke udbodhaka jainadharma kA merudaMDa hai| jisa prakAra merudaMDa dehayaSTi ko puSTa evaM suvyavasthita banAne meM sarvathA kRtakArya hai, usI prakAra AcAra jainadharma ko puSTa tathA pariniSThita karane meM sarvatobhAvena samartha hai|' ____ jainadharma ke anusAra AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI pUrNatA hetu zrAvaka yA gRhasthadharma pUrvArdha hai aura zramaNa yA munidharma uttraardh| zramaNadharma kI nIMva gRhasthadharma para majabUta hotI hai| yahA~ gRhasthadharma kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA isalie bhI hai; kyoMki zrAvakAcAra kI bhUmikA meM jaina AcAra mImAMsA :: 303 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #313
eka sAmAnya gRhastha tyAga aura bhoga- ina donoM ko samanvayAtmaka dRSTi meM rakhakara AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM agrasara hotA hai| hama yahA~ zramaNa arthAt jaina sAdhuoM kI AcAra saMhitA ko smjheNge| zramaNoM kI AcAra-saMhitA saMsAra ke samasta bhogoM ko asAra jAna lene ke bAda,manuSya ko jaba jIvana ke satya kA anubhava karane kI tIvra utkaNThA hotI hai, taba vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra kI taraha vairAgI honA cAhatA hai,unhIM kI taraha apane AtmA kI anubhUti karanA cAhatA hai| zramaNa hone kA icchuka sarvaprathama bandhuvarga se pUchatA aura vidA mA~gatA hai| taba parivAra se vimukta hokara jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa aura vIrya ina pA~ca AcAroM ko aMgIkAra karatA hai aura sabhI prakAra ke parigrahoM se mukta aparigrahI banakara, sneha se rahita, zarIra saMskAra kA sarvathA ke lie tyAga kara AcArya dvArA 'yathAjAta' (nagna) rUpa dhAraNa kara jinendra bhagavAna dvArA prarUpita dharma ko apane sAtha lekara calatA hai| muni ke lie zvetAmbara jaina paramparA meM dIkSA ke bAda nirdhArita sImita vastra-pAtra Adi kA vidhAna hai| jina mUlaguNoM ko dhAraNa kara sAdhaka zramaNadharma (AcaraNa mArga) svIkAra karatA hai, unakA vivecana Age prastuta hai| mUlaguNa zramaNAcAra kA prArambha mUlaguNoM se hotA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke dvArA mukti prApta karane ke lie vyakti apanI AcAra-saMhitA ke antargata jina guNoM ko dhAraNa karake jIvana paryanta pUrNa niSThA se pAlana karane kA saMkalpa grahaNa karatA hai, una guNoM ko 'mUlaguNa' kahA jAtA hai| vRkSa kI mUla (jar3a yA bIja) kI taraha ye guNa bhI zramaNAcAra ke liye mUlAdhAra haiN| isIlie zramaNoM ke pramukha yA pradhAna AcaraNa hone se inakI mUlaguNa saMjJA hai| ina mUlaguNoM kI nirdhArita aTThAIsa saMkhyA isa prakAra hai___pA~ca mahAvrata-hiMsA virati (ahiMsA), satya, adattaparivarjana (acaurya), brahmacarya aura saMgavimukti (aparigraha) pA~ca samiti- IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, nikSepAdAna aura prtisstthaapnikaa| pA~ca indriyanigraha- zrotra, cakSu, ghrANa, jihvA aura sparza- ina pA~ca indriyoM kA nigraha / chaha Avazyaka- samatA (sAmAyika), stava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura vyutsarga (kaayotsrg)| sAta anya mUlaguNa- loca (kezaloca), Acelakya, asnAna, kSitizayana, adantagharSaNa, sthitabhojana aura ekbhkt| uparyukta mUlaguNa zramaNadharma kI AdhArazilA haiN| sampUrNa munidharma ina aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM se siddha hotA hai| inameM leSamAtra kI nyUnatA sAdhaka ko zramaNadharma se cyuta banA detI hai, kyoMki zramaNa ke lie AtmotkarSa hetu nirantara prayatnazIla rahanA hI zreyaskara hotA hai| 304 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #314
zarIra calA jAe, yaha use saharSa svIkAra hotA hai, para sAdhanA yA saMyamAcaraNa meM jarA bhI A~ca Aye, yaha kisI bhI avasthA meM use svIkArya nhiiN| jIvana ke jisa kSaNa mumukSu zramaNadharma svIkAra karate haiM, usa kSaNa ve 'sAvajjakaraNajogaM savvaM tiviheNa tiyaraNavisuddha vati' arthAt sabhI prakAra ke sAvadya (doSa yukta) kriyA rUpa yogoM kA mana, vacana, kAya tathA karane, karAne aura anumodana se sadA ke lie tyAga kara dete haiN| 1-5. mahAvrata uparyukta aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM meM sarvaprathama paMca mahAvrata kA ullekha hai| vrata se tAtparya hiMsA, anRta (jhUTha), steya (corI), abrahma tathA parigraha- ina pA~ca pApoM se virati (nivRtti) honaa| pratijJA karake jo niyama liyA jAtA hai, vaha bhI vrata hai| athavA yaha karane yogya hai aura yaha nahIM karane yogya hai- isa prakAra niyama karanA bhI vrata hai| isa prakAra hiMsA Adi pA~ca pApoM ke doSoM ko jAnakara AtmotkarSa ke uddezya se inake tyAga kA, inase virati kI pratijJA lekara punaH kabhI unakA sevana na karane ko vrata kahate haiN| akaraNa, nivRtti, uparama aura virati- ye sabhI eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiN| hiMsAdika pA~ca asatpravRttiyoM kA tyAga vyakti apanI zakti ke anusAra to kara sakatA hai, kintu sabhI prANI inakA sArvatrika aura sArvakAlika tyAga eka samAna nahIM kara skte| ata: ina asatpravRttiyoM se ekadeza nivRtti ko aNuvrata, aura sarvadeza nivRtti ko mahAvrata kahA jAtA hai| aNu yA mahat-ye vizeSaNa vrata ke sAtha pAlana karane vAle kI kSamatA yA sAmarthya ke kAraNa lagate haiN| jahA~ sAdhaka ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha- ina pA~ca vratoM ke samagra pAlana kI kSamatA meM apane ko pUrNa samartha nahIM pAtA athavA mahAvratoM ke dhAraNa kI kSamatA lAne hetu abhyAsa kI dRSTi se inakA ekadeza pAlana karatA hai, to usake ye vrata aNuvrata tathA vaha aNuvratI zrAvaka (gRhastha) kahalAtA hai| tathA jaba mumukSu sAdhaka apane Atmabala se ina vratoM ke dhAraNa aura niraticAra pAlana meM samagra rUpa meM pUrNa samartha ho jAtA hai, taba usake vahI vrata mahAvrata kahe jAte haiM tathA vaha mahAvratI zramaNa muni yA anagAra kahalAtA hai| 6-10. samiti zramaNa ke mUlaguNoM meM mahAvratoM ke bAda cAritra evaM saMyama kI pravRtti hetu IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, nikSepAdAna evaM pratiSThApanikA- ina pA~ca samitiyoM kA krama hai| ye samitiyA~ mahAvratoM tathA sampUrNa AcAra kI paripoSaka praNAliyA~ haiN| ahiMsA Adi mahAvratoM ke rakSArtha gamanAgamana, bhASaNa, AhAra grahaNa, vastuoM ke uThAne rakhane, malamUtra visarjana Adi kriyAoM meM pramAdarahita samyak pravRtti ke dvArA jIvoM kI rakSA karanA tathA sadA unake rakSaNa jaina AcAra mImAMsA :: 305 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #315
kI bhAvanA rakhanA samiti hai| ye pA~coM samitiyA~ cAritra ke kSetra meM pravRttiparaka hotI haiN| ina samitiyoM meM pravRtti se sarvatra evaM sarvadA guNoM kI prApti tathA hiMsA Adi pApoM se nivRtti hotI hai| 11-15. indriya nigraha indra zabda AtmA kA paryAyavAcI hai| AtmA ke cinha arthAt AtmA ke sadbhAva kI siddhi meM kAraNabhUta athavA jo jIva ke artha-(padArtha) jJAna meM nimitta bane, use indriya kahate haiN| indriyA~ pA~ca haiM- zrotra, cakSu, ghrANa, jihvA aura sparza / ye pA~coM indriyA~ apaneapane viSayoM meM pravRtti karAke AtmA ko rAga-dveSa yukta karatI haiN| ata: inako viSayapravRtti kI ora se rokanA indriya nigraha hai| ye pA~coM indriyA~ apane nAmoM ke anusAra apane niyata viSayoM meM pravRtti karatI haiN| jaise sparzendriya sparza dvArA padArtha ko jAnatI hai| rasanendriya kA viSaya svAda, ghrANa kA viSaya gandha, cakSu kA viSaya dekhanA tathA zrotra kA viSaya sunanA hai| indriyoM ke ina viSayoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai - (1) kAma rUpa viSaya, tathA (2) bhoga rUpa vissy| rasa aura sparza kAmarUpa viSaya haiM tathA gandha, rUpa aura zabda bhoga rUpa viSaya haiN| inhIM indriyoM kI svachanda pravRtti kA avarodha nigraha kahalAtA hai| arthAt ina indriyoM ko apaneapane viSayoM kI pravRtti se rokanA indriya-nigraha hai| jaise unmArgagAmI duSTa ghor3e ko lagAma ke dvArA nigraha kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI tattvajJAna kI bhAvanA (tapa, jJAna aura vinaya) ke dvArA indriya rUpI azvoM kA viSaya rUpI unmArga se nigraha kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki jinakI indriyoM kI pravRtti sAMsArika kSaNika viSayoM kI ora hai, vaha Atmatattva rUpI amRta kabhI prApta nahIM kara sktaa| jo sArI indriyoM kI zakti ko Atmatattva rUpa amRta ke darzana meM lagA detA hai, vaha sacce arthoM meM amRtamaya indriyajayI bana jAtA hai| 16-21. Avazyaka jitendriya vyakti kI avazyakaraNIya kriyAoM ko Avazyaka kahate haiN| jo rAgadveSAdi ke vaza meM nahIM usa (avaza) kA AcaraNa yA karma Avazyaka hai| __ Avazyaka karma nimnalikhita chaha prakAra ke batAye gaye haiM- jo zramaNa evaM zrAvaka donoM ke liye anivArya haiM- 1. samatA (sAmAyika); 2. stava (caturviMzati tIrthaMkara stava); 3. vandanA; 4. pratikramaNa-(pramAdapUrvaka kiye gaye doSoM kA nirAkaraNa); 5. pratyAkhyAna (AgAmI kAlIna doSoM kA nirAkaraNa); tathA 6. vyutsarga (kaayotsrg)| inakA vivecana Agama meM nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva-ina chaha ke Alambana se kiyA jAtA hai| 306 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #316
zeSa sAta mUlaguNa isa taraha pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, pA~ca indriyanigraha tathA uparyukta chaha Avazyakaina sabako milAkara ikkIsa mUlaguNoM kA ullekha zramaNAcAra ke prasaMga meM prastuta kiyA gyaa| zeSa sAta mUlaguNa isa prakAra haiM 22. loca zramaNa ke aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM meM loca bAIsavA~ mUlaguNa hai| jisakA artha hai- hAtha se nocakara keza nikaalnaa| loka pracalita artha meM ise hI kezaluMcana kahate haiN| kezaloca apane Apa meM kaSTa-sahiSNutA tathA samyabhAva kI ucca kasauTI ke aura zramaNoM ke pUrNa saMyamI jIvana kA pratIka hai| cU~ki kezoM kA bar3hanA svAbhAvika hai, kintu nAI yA ustare, kaiMcI Adi ke binA hAthoM se hI unheM ukhAr3akara nikAlanA zramaNa ke svavIrya, zrAmaNya tathA pUrNa aparigrahI hone kA pratIka hai| isase apane zarIra ke prati mamatva kA nirAkaraNa tathA sarvotkRSTa tapa kA AcaraNa hotA hai| dInatA, yAcanA, parigraha aura apamAna Adi doSoM ke prasaMgoM se bhI svataH bacA jA sakatA hai| sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ne pravrajyA grahaNa karate samaya apane hAthoM se paMcamuSThi loca kiyA thaa| 23. acelakatva sAmAnyataH 'cela' zabda kA artha vastra hotA hai| kintu zramaNAcAra ke prasaMga meM yaha zabda sampUrNa parigrahoM kA upalakSaNa hai| ata: cela ke parihAra se sampUrNa parigraha kA parihAra ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi se vastrAbhUSaNAdi samasta parigrahoM kA tyAga aura svAbhAvika nagna(nirgrantha) veza dhAraNa karanA acelakatva hai| zvetAmbara jaina paramparAnusAra isakA artha alpa cela (vastra) muni kA veSa hai| 24. asnAna jalasnAna, abhyaMga snAna aura ubaTana tyAga tathA nakha, keza, danta, oSTha, kAna, nAka, mu~ha, A~kha, bhauMha tathA hAtha-paira ina sabake saMskAra kA tyAga asnAna nAmaka prakRSTa mUlaguNa hai| vastuta: AtmadarzI zramaNa to AtmA kI pavitratA se svayaM pavitra hote haiM, ataH unheM bAhya snAna se prayojana hI kyA? AcArya vasunandi ne mUlAcAra-vRtti meM kahA hai ki zramaNa ko snAna se nahIM, apitu vratoM se pavitra honA caahie| yadi vratarahita prANI jalAvagAhanAdi se pavitra ho jAte to matsya, magara Adi jala-jantu tathA anya sAmAnya prANI bhI pavitra ho jAte, kintu ye kabhI bhI usase pavitratA ko prApta nahIM hote| ata: vrata, saMyama-niyama hI pavitratA ke kAraNa haiN| inhIM saba kAraNoM se zramaNa ko snAna Adi saMskAroM se sarvathA virata rahane tathA AtmasvarUpa kI prApti meM upayoga lagAe rakhane ke lie asnAna mUlaguNa kA vidhAna anivArya mAnA hai| jaina AcAra mImAMsA :: 307 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #317
25. kSitizayana sAmAnyataH paryaMka, vistara Adi kA sarvathA varjana karake zuddha jamIna meM zayana karanA kSitizayana hai| mUlAcAra meM kahA hai- AtmapramANa, asaMstarita, ekAnta, prAsuka bhUmi meM, dhanurdaMDAkAra mudrA meM, eka karavaTa meM zayana karanA kSitizayana mUlaguNa hai| 26. adantagharSaNa zarIra viSayaka saMskAra zramaNa ko niSiddha kahe gaye haiN| ataH a~gulI, nakha, dAtauna, kali (tRNavizeSa), patthara aura chAla- ina sabake dvArA tathA inake hI samAna anya sAdhanoM ke dvArA dA~toM ko sApha na karanA adantagharSaNa mUlaguNa hai| isakA uddezya indriyasaMyama kA pAlana tathA zarIra ke prati anAsakta bhAva meM vRddhi karanA hai| 27. sthita-bhojana zuddha-bhUmi meM dIvAla, stambhAdi ke Azrayarahita samapAda khar3e hokara apane hAthoM ko hI pAtra banAkara AhAra grahaNa karanA sthita-bhojana hai| prANI saMyama aura indriya saMyama ke pAlana hetu jaba taka zramaNa ke hAtha-paira calate haiM arthAt zarIra meM sAmarthya hai, taba taka khar3e hokara pANi-pAtra meM hI AhAra grahaNa karate haiM, anya vizeSa pAtroM meM nhiiN| 28. ekabhakta sUryodaya ke anantara tIna ghar3I vyatIta hone ke bAda tathA sUryAsta hone ke tIna ghar3I pUrva taka dina meM eka bAra eka belA meM AhAra grahaNa kara lenA ekabhakta mUlaguNa hai| isa prakAra jaina sAdhuoM kA jIvana rAgadveSa se rahita hokara dRr3ha saMyama tathA tapasyA se paripUrNa hotA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa ve AtmAnubhUti meM rahakara sadaiva Anandita rahate haiM aura mokSa ko prApta karate haiN| sAdhu hone se pUrva sAdhu banane kI yogyatA gRhastha jIvana ko saMyamita tathA vairAgyayukta banAkara vratAcaraNa ke pUrvAbhyAsa se hI AtI hai| ataH jaina AcArazAstra gRhastha ke AcaraNa kA bhI vidhAna utanI hI gambhIratA se karatA hai jitanI gambhIratA se zramaNAcAra kaa| 308 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #318
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org zrAvakAcAra Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir DaoN. zreyAMsa kumAra jaina AcAra kI dRSTi se jainadharma ke do rUpa dRSTigocara hote haiM - anagAra arthAt muni-dharma aura sAgAra arthAt gRhastha - dharma / sadgRhastha kI zrAvaka saMjJA hai aura usake dharma ko zrAvaka-dharma bhI kahA jAtA hai| zrAvaka zabda kA sAmAnya artha zrotA yA sunane vAlA hai| jo jinendra bhagavAna ke vacanoM ko evaM unake anuyAyI guruoM ke upadeza ko zraddhApUrvaka sAvadhAnI se sunatA hai, vaha zrAvaka hai| kahA bhI gayA hai avAptadRSTyAdivizuddhasatpat paraM samAcAramanuprabhAtam / zRNoti yaH sAdhujanAdatandrastaM zrAvakaM prAhuramI jinendrAH / / 1 arthAt samyagdarzana Adi vizuddha sampatti ko prApta jo vyakti prAtaH kAla se hI sAdhujana se unakI samAcAra vidhi ko Alasya rahita hokara sunatA hai, jinendra bhagavantoM ne use zrAvaka kahA hai / 'zRNoti gurvAdibhyo dharmamiti zrAvakaH' arthAt jo zraddhApUrvaka guru Adi se dharma zravaNa karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka hai| zrAvaka zabda kI eka nirukti aisI bhI prApta hotI hai, jisameM zra, va aura ka varNoM ko kramazaH zraddhA, viveka aura kriyA kA pratIka mAnakara zraddhAvAn, vivekazIla aura kriyAzIla arthAt aNuvratI gRhastha ko zrAvaka kahA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jo zraddhAlu jainazAsana ko sunatA hai, pAtra janoM meM artha ko turanta pradAna karatA hai evaM samyagdarzana kA varaNa karatA hai tathA sukRt (puNya) karake saMyama kA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| vratI gRhastha ko zrAvaka zabda ke atirikta vividha zrAvakAcAroM meM upAsaka, sAgAra (AgArI), dezasaMyamI (dezavirata / aNuvratI) Adi nAmoM kA ullekha huA hai ! zrAvaka hI ekadezacAritra kA pAlaka hotA hai, isake pAkSika, naiSThika aura sAdhaka Adi ye tIna bheda haiN| jainadharma kA pakSa rakhane vAlA pAkSika zrAvaka hotA hai, yaha mUlaguNoM zrAvakAcAra :: 309 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #319
ke pAlana ke sAtha saptavyasana kA tyAgI hotA hai| jo vratoM meM abhyasta hotA hai, vaha naiSThika zrAvaka hotA hai, isI ke dvArA bAraha vratoM kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| yaha nauvIM pratimA taka ke niyamoM kA pAlana karane vAlA hotA hai tathA jo samAdhimaraNa kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha sAdhaka zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| ye dasavIM, gyArahavIM pratimA ke dhAraka hote haiN| isI kAraNa se gyAraha pratimAoM ke lakSaNa bhI die jA rahe haiM, kyoMki ye tInoM zrAvaka inake dhAraka ho sakate haiM gyAraha pratimAe~-pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke udaya kI hInAdhikatA ke kAraNa dezacAritra gyAraha pratimAoM meM vibhakta hotA hai| jo nimnokta binduoM ke mAdhyama se pradarzita kiyA jA rahA hai * samyagdarzana ke sAtha ATha mUlaguNa dhAraNa karanA tathA sAta vyasanoM kA tyAga karanA darzana-pratimA hai| ___ * pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata, isa prakAra bAraha vratoM kA dhAraNa karanA vrata-pratimA hai| * pratidina tIna sandhyAoM meM vidhipUrvaka sAmAyika karanA sAmAyika-pratimA hai| * pratyeka aSTamI aura caturdazI ko solaha prahara kA upavAsa karanA proSadha-pratimA hai| * sacitta vastuoM ke sevana kA tyAga karanA sacittatyAgapratimA hai| * mana, vacana, kAya aura kRta, kArita, anumodanA se rAtribhojana kA tyAga karanA rAtribhuktityAga-pratimA hai athavA isa pratimA kA dUsarA nAma divA maithuna-tyAga bhI hai, jisakA artha hai nava koTiyoM se dina meM maithuna kA tyAga krnaa| * strI mAtra kA parityAga kara brahmacarya se jIvana vyatIta karanA brahmacarya-pratimA hai| * vyApAra Adi Arambha kA tyAga karanA Arambha-tyAga-pratimA hai| * nirvAha ke yogya vastra tathA bartana rakha kara zeSa samasta parigraha kA svAmitva chor3anA parigrahatyAgapratimA hai| * vyApAra Adi laukika kAryoM kI anumati kA tyAga karanA anumatityAga- pratimA hai| * apane nimitta se banAye hue AhAra kA tyAga karanA uddiSTatyAga-pratimA hai| sAdhaka uttarottara vikAsa kI gyAraha zreNiyA~ (pratimAe~) pAra karatA huA munipada kI ora agrasara hotA hai aura AtmasvarUpa ko prApta karatA hai| zrAvaka ke mUlaguNa-zrAvaka ATha mUlaguNoM kA dhAraka hotA hai| jaise vRkSa meM jar3a mukhya hotI hai, usI prakAra guNoM meM mUlaguNa pradhAna hote haiN| aneka AcAryoM ne inakA varNana kiyA hai| zrImad umAsvAmI kRta 'tattvArthasUtra' meM zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM kA to vivaraNa hai, kintu usameM mUlaguNoM kA ullekha nahIM hai| zrAvaka ke aSTa mUlaguNoM kA sarvaprathama spaSTa nirdeza AcArya samantabhadra racita 'ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra' meM milatA hai| 310 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #320
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir usameM likhA hai ki madya, mAMsa aura madhu ke tyAga ke sAtha pA~ca aNuvratoM ko jinendradeva gRhastha ke aSTa mUlaguNa kahate haiM / paravartI AcAryoM aura vidvAnoM ne madya, mAMsa, madhu aura paMca udumbara phaloM ke tyAga ko aSTa mUlaguNa kahA hai| inakA saMkSipta varNana isa prakAra hai madyatyAga - aneka vastuoM ko sar3Akara madirA banAI jAtI hai, jisase usameM aneka jIvoM kI utpatti ho jAtI hai, sAtha hI usake pIne se manuSya matavAlA hokara dharmakarma saba bhUla jAtA hai| pAgaloM ke samAna ceSTA karatA hai, isalie isakA tyAga Avazyaka hai / bhA~ga, carasa, aphIma Adi nazailI vastuoM kA sevana bhI isI madya ke antargata AtA hai / ataH zrAvaka ko ina sabhI kA tyAgI honA cAhie / mAMsa tyAga - sa jIvoM ke ghAta se mAMsa kI utpatti hotI hai, isameM kaccI aura pakkI donoM hI avasthAoM meM usI varNa ke aneka sammUrcchana jIva utpanna hote rahate haiN| khAnA to dUra rahA sparza se hI una jIvoM kA vighAta hotA hai, ataeva zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai ki ahiMsA dharma kI rakSA ke lie mAMsabhakSaNa kA tyAga karanA cAhie / madhutyAga - madhumakkhiyoM ke mukha se nikalI huI lAra hI madhurUpa meM pariNata hotI hai| isameM aneka jIvoM kA nivAsa hai| zAstrakAroM ne to yaha likhA hai ki madhu kI eka bU~da ke khAne se utanA pApa hotA hai, jitanA sAta gA~voM ke jalAne se hotA hai; isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki sAta gA~voM meM jitane sthUla jIva rahate haiM; utane sUkSma jIva madhu kI eka bU~da meM rahate haiM / madhu banAne vAle loga una saba jIvoM kA saMhAra karake hI madhu banAte haiM, ataH vivekI manuSya ko isakA tyAga karanA cAhie / paMcodumbaraphala tyAga-bar3a, pIpala, Umara, kaThUmara aura pAkar3a Adi ina pA~ca udumbara phaloM ke tyAga ko paMca udumbara phala tyAga kahate haiM / ina phaloM meM asaMkhyAta sajIvoM kI sattA hotI hai, ataH ye abhakSya haiM / inakA tyAga karane se hI aSTa mUlaguNoM kA prathamataH pAlana ho jAtA hai / AcAryoM ne mUlaguNoM meM aNuvratoM ko grahaNa kiyA hai; jinakA varNana vrata bhedoM meM kiyA jA rahA hai, kyoMki ye zrAvaka ke bAraha bhedoM meM parigaNita haiN| paM. AzAdhara jI aSTamUlaguNa meM tIna makAra ko pRthak-pRthak svIkAra karate hue paMcANuvratoM ko eka mUlaguNa mAnakara devadarzana, rAtribhojana tyAga aura jalagAlana tathA paMca udumbara phaloM ke tyAga ko zrAvakoM ke mUlaguNa svIkAra karate haiN| mUlaguNa ke samyakrUpa se pAlana karane vAle zrAvakoM ke kartavyoM para bhI AcAryoM ne vicAra kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai : zrAvaka ke SaDAvazyaka - mUlaguNa ke samyakrUpa se pAlana karane vAle zrAvaka ke jina Avazyaka kAryoM kA digdarzana AcAryoM ne karAyA hai, ve isa prakAra haiM For Private And Personal Use Only zrAvakAcAra :: 311

Page #321
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir devapUjA gurUpAstiH svAdhyAyaH sNymstpH| dAnaJceti gRhasthAnAM SaTkarmANi dine dine / / - padmanandi - paJcaviMzatikA arthAt devapUjA, gurUpAsanA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna ye chaha gRhasthoM ke pratidina karane yogya Avazyaka kArya haiM / prAyaH sabhI AcArya padmanandi AcArya ke ukta kathana se pUrNarUpeNa sahamata haiN| inakA kramazaH varNana isa prakAra hai 1. devapUjA - jinAgama meM arhanta aura siddhaparameSThI kI devasaMjJA hai, inakI jala, candana, akSata, puSpa, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa aura phala ina ATha dravyoM ke dvArA pUjA karanA devapUjA hai| devapUjA ke nityapUjA, ASTAhnikapUjA, indradhvajapUjA, mahAmaha athavA sarvatobhadra aura kalpadrumamaha ke bheda se pA~ca bheda haiN| pUjA karate samaya kisI laukika phala kI AkAMkSA na kara apane jJAnAnanda svabhAvI vItarAga svarUpa AtmA kI ora lakSya rakhanA cAhie / jJAnI jIva arhantadeva ke guNoM ke prati apanA lakSya sthira kara apane kartavya kA pAlana karatA hai| 2. gurUpAsti - nirgrantha muni mokSamArga ke sAdhaka haiM, ataH unakI sukha-suvidhAoM kA dhyAna rakhate hue unakI upAsanA karanA zrAvaka kA kartavya hai / munimArga khaDga kI dhAra para calane ke samAna kaThina hai, use dhAraNa karane kA sAhasa virale hI manuSya karate haiM / isalie AhAra - dAna tathA vaiyAvRtya Adi ke dvArA suvidhA pahu~cAte hue unheM usa mArga meM utsAhita karate rahanA Avazyaka hai I I 3. svAdhyAya- apanA apane hI bhItara adhyayana, Atma-cintana, Atma-manana hI svAdhyAya hai| AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA bodha ho, isa abhiprAya se vidhipUrvaka svAdhyAya karanA pratyeka zrAvaka kA kartavya hai / AtmajJAna ke binA aneka zAstroM kA jJAna bhI nirarthaka hai aura AtmajJAna ke sAtha aSTa pravacanamAtRkA kA jaghanya zrutajJAna bhI isa jIva ko antarmuhUrta meM sarvajJa banA detA hai, ataH zAstra par3hate samaya svakIya zuddhasvarUpa kI ora lakSya rakhanA caahie| samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra ke bIca meM samyagjJAna ko AcAryoM isI uddezya se rakhA hai ki vaha samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra donoM ko bala pahu~cAtA hai / 4. saMyama - bar3hatI huI icchAoM ko niyantrita karanA tathA hiMsAdi pA~ca pApoM se virakta honA saMyama hai / yaha saMyama indriyasaMyama aura prANisaMyama ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai / pA~ca indriyoM aura mana kI uddAma pravRtti ko rokanA indriya saMyama hai aura chaha kAya ke jIvoM kI yathAzakya rakSA karanA prANisaMyama hai| For Private And Personal Use Only jisa prakAra lagAma ke binA ghor3A svacchandAcArI ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra saMyama ke binA manuSya svachandAcArI ho jAtA hai| svachandAcArI honA saMsAra ko bar3hAvA hai aura saMyama ko dhAraNa karanA mokSa kA mArga hai / 312 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #322
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 5. tapa-'karmakSayArthaM tapyate iti tapaH' karmakSaya ke lie jo zarIra ko tapAyA jAtA hai, vaha tapa hai / zakti anusAra anazana, Unodara Adi bAhya tapa tathA prAyazcita, vinaya Adi antaraMga tapa dhAraNa karanA tapa hai| zrAvaka apane mana meM muni-vrata dhAraNa karane kA bhAva rakhatA hai aura muni-vrata tapazcaraNa-pradhAna hotA hai / isalie abhyAsa ke rUpa meM tapazcaraNa karatA huA gRhastha muni-vrata dhAraNa karane kA abhyAsa karatA hai / 6. dAna - 'anugrahArthaM svasyAtisargo dAnam' (ta.sU. 7/38) arthAt sva aura para ke upakAra ke lie apane dhana kA tyAga karanA dAna hai| isa tathya ko aura adhika spaSTa karate hue AcAryoM ne kahA hai- samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra se yukta jIvoM ke lie apane vitta kA tyAga karane kA nAma dAna hai| 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra ' meM AhAra, auSadha, jJAna ke sAdhana zAstrAdika upakaraNa aura vasatikA dAna, isa taraha cAra prakAra kA dAna kahA hai| dAna ke jitane bhI prakAra haiM, una saba kA antarbhAva inameM ho jAtA hai / yadyapi dAna eka hai, phira bhI unake phala meM antara dekhA jAtA hai, jisakA mukhya kAraNa vidhi, dravya, dAtA aura pAtra kI vizeSatA hai| inakI nyUnAdhikatA se dAna ke mahattva meM nyUnAdhikatA AtI hai / vidhi kI vizeSatA - pAtra kA pratigraha - par3agAhana karanA, uccasthAna denA, usake pAda prakSAlana karanA, pAtra kI pUjA karanA, namaskAra karanA, mana-vacana aura kAya kI zuddhi rakhanA aura anna-jala kA zuddha honA, isa navadhA bhakti ko vidhi-vizeSa kahate haiM / dravya kI vizeSatA - die jAne vAle anna Adi grahaNa karane vAle sAdhujanoM ke tapa, svAdhyAya ke pariNAmoM kI vRddhikAraNabhUtatA hai athavA jo grahaNa karane vAle ke tapa svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura pariNAmoM kI zuddhi Adi kI vRddhi kA kAraNa ho, vaha dravyavizeSa kahA jAtA hai / dAtA kI vizeSatA - pAtra ke prati IrSyA kA nahIM honA, tyAga meM viSAda nahIM honA, dene kI icchA karane vAle meM athavA jisane dAna diyA hai, una saba meM prIti honA, kuzala abhiprAya honA, pratyakSa phala kI AkAMkSA nahIM karanA, kisI se visaMvAda nahIM karanA aura nidAna nahIM karanA dAtRvizeSa hai| pAtra kI vizeSatA - mokSa meM kAraNabhUta ratnatraya se jo yukta hai, vaha pAtra - 1 - vizeSa hai| jaise bhUmi, bIja Adi kAraNoM meM guNavattA hone se phala- vizeSa kI prApti hotI hai, usI prakAra vidhi-vizeSa, dAtR - vizeSa, pAtra - vizeSa aura dravya - vizeSa se dAna ke phala meM vizeSatA AtI hai| vrata zrAvaka kA ekadeza saMyama yA vikalacAritra samyagdarzana se vibhUSita hone ke pazcAt For Private And Personal Use Only zrAvakAcAra :: 313

Page #323
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bAraha vrata (pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata) grahaNa karane para hotA hai| ekadezacAritra yA saMyama kA abhyAsa sakalacAritra kI prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ko dhAraNa karane vAle puruSa yA strI ke dvArA bAraha vratoM kA AcaraNa karanA, usake kalyANa ko karane vAlA hai| vrata dhAraNa karane se puNya-karma kA Asrava hotA hai| avrata sevana se pApa-karma kA Asrava hotA hai| AcAryoM ne vratI jIvana ko hI zreyaskara mAnA hai| vratoM ko grahaNa karane vAlA hI vratI hai| vratI kA jIvana hI maMgalamaya hotA hai| zrImad umAsvAmI ne zalyarahita vratI hotA hai, aisA kahA hai| vividha prakAra kI vedanA rUpI zalAkAoM ke dvArA jo prANiyoM ko chedatI haiM, duHkha detI haiM, ve zalya kahalAtI haiN| __ mAyA, mithyA aura nidAna ke bheda se zalya tIna prakAra kI hai| mAyA vikRti, vaMcanA, chala-kapaTa Adi ye saba ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| viSaya-bhogoM kI kAMkSA nidAna hai| atattva-zraddhAna mithyAdarzana hai| ina tIna prakAra kI zalyoM se niSkrAnta (ni:zalya) vyakti vratI kahalAtA hai| AgArI gRhastha aura anagArI muni ke bheda se vratI do prakAra ke haiN| agAra (ghara) jisake hai, vaha AgArI kahalAtA hai, jaise gRhsth| jisake agAra nahIM hai, vaha anagAra kahalAtA hai, jaise-muni| isake atirikta aNuvratoM kA dhAraka agArI kahalAtA hai| ___ mAnava jIvana kI zreSThatA aura sArthakatA kA maharSiyoM ne gahana cintana kiyA hai| usakI durlabhatA pratipAdita kI hai| AhAra, nidrA, bhaya, maithuna cAroM saMjJAe~ manuSya aura tiryaMcoM meM samAna rUpa se pAyI jAtI haiN| kintu mAnava apane jIvana ko samunnata banAne ke lie niyama vrata Adi kA pAlana evaM dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| apane vicAroM va pravRttiyoM para saMyama kA aMkuza lagA sakatA hai| sabase pahale yaha vicAra karanA cAhie ki vrata kyA hai? svacchandavRtti meM abhyasta yaha jIva paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM meM aniyantrita rUpa se pravRtti karatA hai, usa aniyantrita jIvana ke prabhAva se bhUla jAtA hai ki maiM kauna hU~? merA kartavya kyA hai? usa svachanda Avega ko niyantrita karane vAlI pravRtti hI vrata kahalAtI hai| vRJ varaNe' dhAtu se vrata zabda banA hai, jisakA artha hai svecchA se maryAdA ko svIkAra krnaa| vrata pAlana kA uddezya-jIva sadA azubha bhAvoM se prerita hokara saMsAra-saMvarddhana kI pravRtti karatA rahA hai, usase nAnA prakAra ke saMkleza pariNAmoM ke vazIbhUta hokara vaha Atma-patana karatA hai, aisI sthiti meM use azubha-pravRtti se nivRtta kara zubha-pravRtti meM pravRtta karAnA Avazyaka hai| yaha uddezya ina vratoM ke pAlana se pUrNa hotA hai| ___ tattvArthasUtra praNetA AcArya umAsvAmI ne jinavacana kA Azraya lekara kahA haihiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha se virati kA nAma vrata hai| AcArya pUjyapAda vrata ko niyama rUpa se pratipAdana karate hue kahate haiM ki-'abhiprAya pUrvaka athavA saMkalpa 314 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #324
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pUrvaka kiyA gayA niyama vrata kahalAtA hai / athavA yaha mere lie kartavya hai, yaha mere lie akartavya hai, isa prakAra ke viveka ko vrata kahate haiM / dUsare zabdoM meM kisI kArya ko karane yA na karane kA mAnasika nirNaya vrata hai / vyavahAra meM ise saMkalpa kahA jAtA hai / saMkalpa aura vrata meM vAstavika antara hai, kyoMki saMkalpa zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra ke ho sakate haiM, kintu vrata sadA zubha hI hotA hai| vratoM ke bheda - prabheda - mUlataH vratoM ko do bhedoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiN| eka aNuvrata aura dUsarA mahAvrata / gRhasthAzrama meM pAlanIya vrata aNuvrata kahalAte haiM / muni avasthA meM dhAraNa karane vAle vrata mahAvrata kahalAte haiN| vaise to pA~ca mahAvratoM aura pA~ca aNuvratoM ke nAma meM sAmya hai| ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha hI mahAvrata ke haiM tathA ye hI nAma aNuvrata ke bhI haiM; parantu inake pAlana meM bahuta antara hai| mahAvratoM meM ahiMsA Adi kA pUrNarUpa se pAlana karanA hotA hai, jabaki aNuvratoM meM ahiMsA Adi kA AMzika rUpa se pAlana kiyA jAtA hai / isIlie vratoM ke nAma kI dRSTi se aNuvrata aura mahAvrata meM koI antara nahIM hai, donoM hI mokSayAtrA ke lie apane-apane sthAna para anivArya haiN| gRhastha hiMsAdika kA pUrNa tyAgI nahIM ho sakatA hai, ataeva vaha ekadeza-vratoM kA pAlana karane vAlA hotA hai / ekadeza- vratI pA~coM aNuvratoM, tIna guNavratoM aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA bhalI prakAra se pAlana karatA hai / aNuvrata jaba kisI samyagdRSTi jIva ke apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kA anudayarUpa kSayopazama hotA hai, taba usake hiMsAdi pA~coM pApoM kA ekadeza tyAga hotA hai aura ye hI pA~ca prakAra aNuvrata kahalAte haiM- 1. ahiMsANuvrata, 2. satyANuvrata, 3. acauryANuvrata, 4. brahmacaryANuvrata, 5. parigrahaparimANavrata / ahiMsANuvrata - ahiMsA jainAcAra kA prANa tattva hai / ise hI paramabrahma aura paramadharma kahA gayA hai / pratyeka AtmA cAhe vaha sUkSma ho yA sthUla, sthAvara ho yA trasa, tAttvika dRSTi se samAna hai / mana, vacana aura kAyA se kisI bhI prANI ko kaSTa pahu~cAne se bacAye rakhanA hI saccI ahiMsA hai / 'nA hiMsA ahiMsA, ISat hiMsA ahiMsA' arthAt hiMsA kA na honA to ahiMsA hai hI, lekina aisI alpa hiMsA, jo rokI nahIM jA pA rahI hai, ISat ahiMsA hai, vahI ekadeza ahiMsAvrata hai / zrImad umAsvAmI ne kahApramAda ke vazIbhUta hokara prANoM kA vyaparopaNa karanA hiMsA hai" tathA isake viparIta ahiMsA hai| gRhastha jIvana meM hiMsA cAra prakAra se ho sakatI hai - 1. saMkalpI hiMsA, 2. virodhI For Private And Personal Use Only zrAvakAcAra :: 315

Page #325
hiMsA, 3. ArambhI hiMsA, 4. udyogI hiNsaa| saMkalpapUrvaka arthAt maiM isa prANI kA vadha karU~gA-aisA saMkalpa kara jIva-hiMsA karanA saMkalpI-hiMsA kahalAtI hai| apane prati, dharma ke prati, sAdharmI bandhu yA bhaginioM ke prati ahaMkArI puruSa ke dvArA AkramaNa karane para usakA pratIkAra karanA virodhI hiMsA hai| gRhastha kisI ke prati AkramaNa na kre| dUsare ke dvArA kie AkramaNa kA pratikAra kre| __ kyoMki virodhI hiMsA gRhasthAzrama meM tyAjya nahIM hai| isI prakAra tIsarI ArambhI hiMsA kA bhI gRhastha tyAgI nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki gRhastha ko apane nirvAha ke lie kRSi Adi Arambha karanA par3atA hai| cauthI hiMsA udyogI hai, vyApAra, udyogAdi karate samaya, gRha kRtyAdi karate samaya hone vAlI hiMsA aparihArya hai| isalie gRhastha tyAgI nahIM hotA hai| kevala saMkalpapUrvaka vaha trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA se nivRtta hotA hai, ata: sthUla hiMsA kA tyAga hone se ahiMsA aNuvratI kahalAtA hai| ___ bahuta thor3e zabdoM meM jainAgama kI hiMsA kI vyAkhyA kI jAye, to hama kaha sakate haiM ki AtmA meM rAga-dveSAdi vikArI bhAvoM ko utpanna nahIM honA ahiMsA hai aura AtmA meM una rAga-dveSAdi saMkleza pariNAmoM kI utpatti honA hI hiMsA hai| ahiMsA hI zivapada ko detI hai, yahI svarga kI lakSmI ko detI hai aura yahI ahiMsA AtmA kI hitakArI hai tathA samasta vyasanoM aura kaSToM ko dUra karatI hai| yaha akelI bhagavatI ahiMsA prANiyoM ko jo saukhya, kalyANa aura mukti pradAna karatI hai, vaha tapa, zIla, saMyamAdi kA samudAya bhI nahIM de sakatA, kyoMki tapa, zruta, zIla, saMyama Adi sabhI aMgoM kA AdhAra ekamAtra ahiMsA hai|12 ahiMsAvrata kI bhAvanAe~-aNuvrata aura mahAvrata ke lie AcArya umAsvAmI ne samAna bhAvanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, tadanusAra pUjyapAda aura bhaTTa akalaMkadeva ne bhI kiyA hai| ye vratoM kI sAmAnya bhAvanAe~ haiN| ataH ekadeza-cAritra aura sakalacAritra (aNuvrata aura mahAvrata) ke pratipAdana ke pUrva unakI bhAvanAoM ko samajha lenA anivArya hai| una bhAvanAoM kA varNana isa prakAra hai-ahiMsAvrata kI dRr3hatA evaM nirmalatA ke lie kucha bhAvanAoM ko bhAnA cAhie, jisase vrata meM vizuddhi hotI hai| vacanagupti, manogupti, IryAsamiti, AdAnanikSepaNasamiti aura AlokitapAnabhojana ye ahiMsAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiN| vacana ko vaza meM karanA vacanagupti hai| mana ko vaza meM karanA manogupti hai| cAra hAtha jamIna dekhakara calanA IryAsamiti hai| bhalI prakAra sAdhana va sthAnAdi ko dekhakara pustaka Adi kA uThAnA aura rakhanA AdAnanikSepaNasamiti hai| sUrya ke prakAza meM avalokana karake anna-pAnI grahaNa karanA AlokitapAnabhojanasamiti hai| mana, vacana aura kAya-rUpI gupti kA pAlana karanA isameM Avazyaka hai, kyoMki mana, vacana, kAya kI svacchanda pravRtti se hI isa AtmA kI hiMsAdi meM pravRtti hotI hai| 316 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #326
isalie ahiMsakavRtti ko dhAraNa karane ke lie Avazyaka hai ki mana, vacana aura kAya se sarvaprakAra ke jIvoM kI rakSA kre| kisI padArtha ko rakhate hue, uThAte hue upalakSaNa se kisI bandhu ke sAtha vyavahAra karate samaya isa bAta kA avazya vicAra kare ki mere dvArA kisI jIva ko pIr3A to nahIM pahuMca rahI hai| isI prakAra Alokita pAna-bhojana arthAt sUrya prakAza meM acchI taraha dekhabhAla kara vaha AhAra grahaNa kre| isase rAtribhojana kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA kI rakSA ke lie rAtri-bhojana kA tyAga karanA Avazyaka hai| ina bhAvanAoM se ahiMsA vrata meM nirmalatA AtI hai| vratoM ko niraticAra rUpa pAlana karane meM hI usakA mahattva hai| aticAroM meM vrata ko bhaMga kara anAcAra karane kI bhAvanA vrata pAlane vAle ke hRdaya meM nahIM hotI, tathApi gRhastha jIvana meM rahate hue isa prakAra kI pravRtti ghaTatI hai, isa sambandha meM vaha pazcAtApa bhI karatA hai, isalie use anAcAra saMjJA nahIM dI jA sakatI hai| vaha anAcAra nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha vrata se bhraSTa nahIM hotA hai, vaha nirdoSa vrata bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki usameM aMzamAtra hiMsA kI ghaTanA hotI hai| isalie vratI sAdhaka ko ucita hai ki vaha vratoM ko hamezA niraticArapUrvaka hI pAlane kA prayatna kre| ____ ahiMsANuvrata ke aticAra-sthUla prANAtipAtaviramaNa (ahiMsANuvrata) ke mukhya pA~ca aticAra haiM-bandha, vadha, cheda, atibhArAropaNa aura annapAnanirodha / 1. bandha-kisI trasa prANI ko kaSTa dene vAle bandhana meM baaNdhnaa| use iSTa sthAna ko jAte hue rokanA, apane adhIna jo vyakti hai, unheM nirdiSTa samaya se adhika rokakara unase adhika kArya lenA Adi bhI bandha ke hI antargata haiN| yaha bandhana zArIrika, Arthika, sAmAjika Adi vividha prakAra kA hai| 2. vadha-kisI bhI trasa prANI ko mAranA vadha hai| apane adhInastha vyaktiyoM ko yA anya prANiyoM ko lakar3I, cAbuka yA patthara Adi se mAranA, una para anAvazyaka Arthika bhAra DAlanA, kisI kI bhI lAcArI kA anucita lAbha uThAnA, anaitika dRSTi se zoSaNa kara usase lAbha uThAnA Adi vadha ke hI antargata hai| jisa kArya se pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa trasa prANiyoM kI hiMsA hotI hai, vaha vadha hai| ___3. cheda-kisI prANI ke aMgopAMga kATanA, viccheda ke samAna vRtticcheda karanA bhI anucita hai| kisI kI sampUrNa AjIvikA kA cheda karanA athavA ucita pArizramika se kama denA Adi bhI cheda ke sadRza hI doSa-yukta hai| ____4. atibhAra-baila, U~Ta, ghor3A, prabhRti pazuoM para yA anucara athavA karmacAriyoM para unakI zakti se adhika bojha lAdanA atibhAra hai| kisI se zakti se adhika kArya karavAnA bhI atibhAra hai| 5. annapAnanirodha-samaya para bhojana-pAnI Adi na dekara, naukara Adi ko samaya zrAvakAcAra .. 317 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #327
para vetana Adi na dekara use kaSTa pahu~cAnA aadi| ye saba bAteM annapAnanirodha ke antargata parigaNita hotI haiN| satyANuvrata-loka meM satya vyavahAra kA bar3A mahattva hai| satya vyavahAra karane vAle kA sabhI koI vizvAsa karate haiN| kucha sAmAjikoM kI rAya isa prakAra kI ho gayI hai ki asatya vyavahAra ke binA hamAre dhana sampatti Adi kI vRddhi nahIM hotI hai, parantu jIvana kA sarvasva dhana-sampatti hI nahIM hai| jIvana meM sadguNoM kA astitva honA caahie| usake binA vaha jIvana udyota ko prApta nahIM hotA hai| isalie jIvana kalyANa ke lie satyavratI athavA satyANuvratI honA Avazyaka hai| jaisA huA ho, vaisA hI kahanA satya kA sAmAnya lakSaNa hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA hai ki gRhastha sneha aura mohAdika ke vaza se gRha-vinAza aura grAma-vinAza ke kAraNa asatya vacana se nivRtta hai, isalie usake dUsarA aNuvrata hai|" kArtikeyAnuprekSA ke anusAra-jo hiMsA kA vacana nahIM kahatA aura na dUsaroM kI gupta bAta ko prakaTa karatA hai tathA hita-mita vacana bolatA hai, saba jIvoM ko santoSakAraka vacana bolatA hai, vaha dUsare satyANuvrata kA dhArI hai| satyavrata kI bhAvanAe~-krodhapratyAkhyAna, lobhapratyAkhyAna, bhIrutvapratyAkhyAna, hAsyapratyAkhyAna aura anuvIcibhASaNa,-ye pA~ca satyavrata kI bhAvanAe~ haiN|" yaha mAnava krodha se jhUTha bolatA hai, kabhI lobha se jhUTha bolatA hai, kabhI bhaya se jhUTha bolatA hai, kAraNa na mile to kabhI ha~sI-vinoda ke lie jhUTha bolatA hai| isalie ina krodhAdika asatya kAraNoM kA pratyAkhyAna arthAt tyAga karanA cAhie evaM sadA AgamAnusAra nirdoSa vacana hI bolanA caahie| athavA isI prakAra ke vacanoM kA Azraya mere dvArA ho, aisI satata ceSTA rahanI cAhie, tabhI vaha satya-vacana ko bolane meM abhyasta ho sakatA hai| sabhI guNa-sampadAe~ satya-vaktA meM pratiSThita hotI haiN| jhUThe kA bandhujana bhI tiraskAra karate haiN| usake koI mitra nahIM rhte| jihvA-chedana, sarvadhana-haraNa Adi daMDa use bhugatane par3ate haiN| ___ satyavrata ke pA~ca aticAra-mithyopadeza, rahobhyAkhyAna, kUTalekhanakriyA, nyAsApahAra aura sAkAramantrabheda ke bheda se ye satyANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| ____ 1. mithyopadeza-unnati aura kalyANa kI kriyAoM meM kucha kA kucha kahanA mithyopadeza hai| usI ko anya AcAryoM ne parivAda zabda se vyavahRta kiyA hai| ajJAna va pramAda se mokSa kI sAdhanabhUta kriyAoM meM anyathA pravartana karane kA upadeza denA, sanmArga meM saMzaya Ane para koI Akara vastusthiti kI pRcchanA kare, to ajJAna se anyathA kaha denA mithyopadeza hai| jAnabUjhakara tattva kA anyathA bodha karane vAle vacana kA kahanA to asatya anAcAra hai, use satyavratI kara nahIM sakatA hai| 318 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #328
2. rahobhyAkhyAna-strI-puruSoM ke dvArA ekAnta meM kie gaye rahasya kA udghATana karanA rahobhyAkhyAna hai| abhinivezavaza, kisI prakAra ke haThAgraha se evaM rAgAdi ke Aveza se pratipAdana kare, to vaha aticAra nahIM hai, pramAda yoga hone ke kAraNa anAcAra hI hai| 3. kUTalekhanakriyA-kisI ke nahIM kahane para bhI kisI dUsare kI preraNA se yaha kahanA ki usane aisA kahA hai yA aisA anuSThAna kiyA hai| isa prakAra vaMcana ke nimitta lekha likhanA kUTalekha kriyA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM-khoTe kAgaja patra taiyAra karanA, noTa Adi banAnA, dUsaroM ke mohara, akSaroM Adi banAkara dUsaroM ko ThaganA Adi kUTalekha kriyA hai, yaha bhI tyAjya hai| 4. nyAsApahAra-hiraNya Adi nikSepa meM alpasaMkhyA kA anujJA vacana nyAsApahAra hai arthAt kisI ne apane pAsa dharohara rakhA, aura kucha dina bAda AyA, ThIka pramANa kI use vismRti huI, usane kama batAyA to jhaTapaTa kaha denA ki ThIka hai, maiM detA hU~, le jAie, yaha kahakara avaziSTa bhAga kA apaharaNa karanA nyAsApahAra hai| pUrNa aMza kA apaharaNa karanA to anAcAra hai| 5. sAkAra-mantra-bheda-prayojana Adi ke dvArA para ke gupta abhiprAya kA prakAzana sAkAramantrabheda hai arthAt prayojana prakaraNa, aMgavikAra athavA bhUkSepa Adi ke dvArA dUsare ke abhiprAya ko jAnakara IrSyAvaza use prakaTa kara denA sAkAra-mantra-bheda hai|2| ye pA~ca aticAra vratabhaMga-abhaMga vRtti kI apekSA upalakSaNa se kahe gaye haiN| bhinnabhinna AcAryoM ne ina aticAroM ko kucha parivartana ke sAtha pratipAdita kiyA hai| kucha zabdoM meM antara hone para bhI artha-bhAvArtha meM vizeSa antara nahIM hai| isa prakAra ke satyavrata ko ekadeza se bhaMga karane vAle anya vacana yA pravRttiyA~ bhI satyavrata ke atIcAra haiM; satyANuvratI ko ina saba bAtoM ko sAvadhAnIpUrvaka vicAra kara satya ko jIvana meM utAranA caahie| acauryANuvrata-binA die hue dUsaroM ke padArthoM kA grahaNa karanA corI hai| corI hiMsA kA eka rUpa hai, ahiMsA ke samyak paripAlana ke lie corI kA tyAga bhI Avazyaka hai| corI karane se vaMcita vyakti ko pIr3A hotI hai| ata: corI karane se ahiMsA nahIM pala sakatI tathA corI karane vAlA satya kA pAlana bhI nahIM kara sktaa| acauryANuvratI isa prakAra kI una samasta coriyoM kA tyAga kara detA hai, jisake karane se rAjadaMDa bhoganA par3atA hai, samAja meM avizvAsa bar3hatA hai, prAmANikatA khaMDita hotI hai tathA pratiSThA ko dhakkA lagatA hai| kisI ko ThaganA, kisI kI jeba kATanA, kisI kA tAlA tor3anA, kisI ko lUTanA, DAkA DAlanA, kisI ke ghara seMdha lagAnA, zrAvakAcAra :: 319 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #329
kisI kI sampatti har3apa lenA, kisI kA gar3A dhana nikAla lenA Adi saba sthUla corI ke udAharaNa haiN| ____ acauryANuvrata ko asteyANuvrata bhI kahate haiN| vibhinna granthoM meM isakA lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA gayA hai jo rakhe hue tathA gire hue athavA bhUle hue athavA dharohara rakhe hue paradravya ko nahIM haratA hai, na dUsaroM ko detA hai, so sthUla corI se virakta honA arthAt acauryANuvrata hai 4 zrAvaka rAjA ke bhaya Adi ke kAraNa dUsare ko pIr3AkArI jAnakara binA dI huI vastu ko lenA yadyapi chor3a detA hai, to bhI binA dI huI vastu ke lene se usakI prIti ghaTa jAtI hai, isalie usake tIsarA acauryANuvrata hotA hai| acauryavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~-zUnyAgArAvAsa, vimocitAvAsa, paroparodhAkaraNa, bhaikSyazuddhi aura sadharmAvisaMvAda ke bheda se ye pA~ca acauryavrata kI bhAvanAe~ haiN|" 1. zUnyAgArAvAsa-parvata kI guphA, vRkSa kI khoha (koTara) Adi meM nivAsa karanA, 2. vimocitAvAsa-dUsaroM ke dvArA chor3e gaye makAna Adi meM rahanA, 3. paroparodhAkaraNa-dUsaroM ko usameM Ane se nahIM rokanA, 4. bhaikSyazuddhi-AcArazAstra mArga anusAra bhikSAcaryA, 5. sadharmAvisaMvAda-'yaha merA hai, yaha terA hai' isa prakAra sAdharmiyoM ke sAtha visaMvAda nahIM krnaa| isa prakAra pA~coM bhAvanAoM meM nirata hone ke kAraNa usa acauryavrata meM vizuddhi AtI hai| ____ acauryANuvrata ke aticAra-acauryANuvrata kA nirdoSa rUpa se pAlana karane ke lie pA~ca prakAra ke aticAroM kA tyAga karake vrata kI vizuddhi karanI caahie| stenaprayoga, corI ke dhana kA grahaNa, viruddharAjyAtikrama, hInAdhikamAnonmAna aura pratirUpaka vyavahAra ye pA~ca acauryANuvrata ke aticAra haiN| 1. stenaprayoga-corI karane vAle ko svayaM prayoga (upAya) batalAnA va dUsaroM ke dvArA usako corI meM prayukta-pravRtta karAnA aura usa corI kI athavA cora kI mana se prazaMsA karanA, corI karanA acchA mAnanA ye-saba stenaprayoga haiN| 2. tadAhRtAdAna (corI ke dhana kA grahaNa)-corI karake lAye hue dhana-dhAnyAdika ko grahaNa karanA, kharIdanA caurahatAdAna kahalAtA hai, isameM cora ko preraNA bhI nahIM karatA hai, anumati bhI nahIM detA hai, kevala cauryakarma se lAye hue padArthoM ko kharIdatA hai, yaha bhI doSa hai| 3. viruddharAjyAtikrama-ucita nyAyabhAga se adhika bhAga dusare upAyoM se grahaNa karanA atikrama kahalAtA hai| rAjA ke rAjya pAlanocita kArya ko rAjya kahate haiN| rAjya ke niyamoM ke viruddha rAjya parivartana ke samaya alpa mUlya vAlI vastuoM ko adhika mUlya kI batAnA arthAt alpa mUlya prApta vastu ko mahAkImata meM dene kA prayatna karanA 320 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #330
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir viruddharAjyAtikrama hai / zatru rAjyoM ke rAjA ke sAtha mantrI, senApati Adi kA saMgaThana honA yaha bhI viruddharAjyAtikrama hai| 4. hInAdhikamAnonmAna - kraya-vikraya prayoga meM kUTaprastha tarAjU Adi ko hInAdhika rakhanA hInAdhikamAnonmAna hai arthAt prasthAdi mAna kahalAte haiM aura tarAjU Adi unmaan| dUsaroM ko dete samaya kama vajana vAle se bAToM se denA aura lete samaya adhika vajana vAle bAToM kA prayoga karanA hInAdhikamAnonmAna kahalAtA hai| 5. pratirUpaka vyavahAra - kRtrima suvarNa Adi ke dvArA vaMcanA - pUrvaka vyavahAra karanA arthAt kRtrima vastuoM kA asalI vastu meM milAkara dUsaroM ko ThaganA pratirUpaka vyavahAra kahalAtA hai|" ina-saba se vrata meM dUSaNa lagane ke kAraNa ekadezabhaMga bhI hai, isIlie aticAra kahalAtA hai| ina aticAroM ko tyAga kara acauryANuvrata ko nirdoSapUrvaka pAlana karanA cAhie / brahmacaryANuvrata-'maithunamabrahma' (ta. sUtra 7 / 16 ) - mithuna ke karma ko maithuna kahate haiM / strI-puruSa ke paraspara zarIra ke sparza karane meM jo rAga- pariNAma hai, vahI maithuna hai, arthAt cAritramohanIya karma kA udaya hone para strI aura puruSa ke paraspara zarIra kA sammilana hone se sukha-prApti kI icchA se hone vAlA jo rAga pariNAma hai, vaha maithuna kahalAtA hai| yaunAcAra ke tyAga ko brahmacarya kahate haiM / gRhastha apanI kamajorIvaza pUrNa brahmacarya grahaNa nahIM kara paataa| usake lie vivAha kA mArga khulA hai| vaha vivAha karake kauTumbika jIvana meM praveza karatA hai / usake vivAha kA pramukha uddezya dharma, artha aura kAma puruSArthoM kA sevana karanA hI hotA hai| vivAha ke bAda vaha apanI patnI ke atirikta anya sabhI striyoM ko mAtA, bahina aura putrI kI taraha samajhatA hai tathA patnI apane pati ke sivA anya sabhI puruSoM ko pitA, bhAI aura putra kI taraha samajhatI huI donoM eka-dUsare ke sAtha hI santuSTa rahate haiM / ise brahmacaryANuvrata yA svadArasantoSavrata kahate haiM 128 brahmacaryavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ - strIrAgakathA zravaNavarjana, tanmanoharAMganirIkSaNatyAga (unake manohara aMgoM ko dekhane kA tyAga), pUrva meM bhoge hue viSayoM ke smaraNa kA tyAga, unmAdaka bhojana kA tyAga aura svazarIra saMskAra kA tyAga - ye brahmacarya vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiM / 29 jina kathAoM ko sunane aura par3hane Adi se strIviSayaka anurAga jAgrata ho, aisI kathAoM ke sunane aura par3hane Adi kA tyAga karanA strIrAgakathAzravaNatyAga hai| striyoM ke mukha, A~kha, kuca aura kaTi Adi sundara aMgoM ko dekhane se kAma-bhAva jAgrata hotA hai, isalie vratI ko eka to striyoM ke samparka se apane ko bacAnA caahie| dUsare yaha tanmanoharAMga-nirIkSaNatyAga hai| gRhastha avasthA meM vividha prakAra ke bhoga bhoge rahate For Private And Personal Use Only zrAvakAcAra :: 321

Page #331
haiM, unake smaraNa karane se kAmavAsanA bar3hatI hai, isalie unakA bhUlakara bhI smaraNa nahIM karanA pUrvaratAnusmaraNatyAga hai| gariSTha aura priya khAnapAna kA tyAga karanA vRSyeSTarasatyAga hai tathA kisI bhI prakAra se apane zarIra kA saMskAra nahIM karanA, jisase sva aura para ke mana meM Asakti paidA ho sakatI ho, svazarIra saMskAratyAga hai| ye pA~ca bhAvanAe~ brahmacaryavrata kI vizuddhi va dRr3hatA meM sahAyaka haiN| brahmacaryANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra-paravivAhakaraNa, aparigRhItA-itvarikAgamana, parigRhItA-itvarikAgamana, anaMgakrIr3A aura kAmatIvrAbhiniveza ye pA~ca brahmacaryANuvrata ke aticAra haiN| __ 1. para-vivAhakaraNa-apane putra aura putriyoM kA vivAha karanA zrAvaka ke caturtha vrata ke antargata hai, kintu kanyAdAna meM puNya samajhakara aura rAgAdi ke kAraNa dUsaroM ke lie lar3ake-lar3akiyA~ DhU~r3hanA, unakA vivAha karAnA para-vivAha-karaNa nAmaka aticAra hai| 2. aparigRhItA-itvarikAgamana-jisakA apanA koI puruSa svAmI nahIM hai, jo vezyA yA vyabhicAriNI hone se dUsare puruSoM ke pAsa AtI-jAtI rahatI haiM, aisI puMzcalA striyoM ke saMsarga karanA aparigRhItA-itvarikAgamana-aticAra hai| ___3. parigRhItA itvarikAgamana-jisakA koI eka puruSa bhartA hai, aisI parigRhItA bhI puMzcalA strI ke saMsarga meM jAnA parigRhItA-itvarikAgamana-aticAra hai| 4. anaMgakrIr3A-anaMgoM se krIr3A anaMgakrIr3A hai| puruSa kA liMga (prajanana) aura strI kI yoni kAmasevana ke aMga hai| una aMgoM ko chor3akara anya aMgoM meM krIr3A karanA anaMgakrIr3A hai| ____5. kAmatIvrAbhiniveza-kAma kA pravRddha pariNAma kAmatIvrAbhiniveza hai| viSayabhoga aura kAmakrIr3A meM tIvra Asakti honA hai| usake lie kAmoddIpana karane vAlI auSadhiyoM kA sevana kara viSaya-vAsanA meM pravRtta honA kAmatIvrAbhiniveza hai| ___ ina aticAroM se sadAcAra athavA brahmacaryavrata dUSita hotA hai| ataH zrAvaka ko ina aticAroM se bacanA caahie| parigrahaparimANANuvrata -AcArya umAsvAmI ne parigraha kI paribhASA 'mUrchA parigrahaH' 32 aisA kiyA hai| mohanIyakarma se utpanna hone vAlI mamatva pariNati mUrchA hai, bAhyAntaraMga parigrahoM meM hone vAlI mamatva kI bhAvanA hI parigraha hai athavA dhana-dhAnyAdi bAhyapadArthoM ke prati mamatva, mUrchA yA Asakti ko parigraha kahate haiN| manuSya ke pAsa jitanI adhika sampatti hotI hai, usake pAsa utanA hI adhika mamatva, mUrchA yA Asakti hotI hai| apanI isI Asakti ke kAraNa AvazyakatA na hone para bhI vaha adhika se adhika dhana prApta karane kI koziza karatA hai, kintu jaise-jaise dhana prApta hotA hai, vaise-vaise lobha bhI bar3hatA hI jAtA hai| vaha apane isI lobha ke kAraNa adhikAdhika dhana-saMgraha 322 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #332
karatA hai| parigraha kI hor3a meM dina-rAta becaina rahatA hai| yaha lobha aura tRSNA hI hamAre duHkha kA mUla kAraNa haiN| dhana-sampatti se sukha kI kAmanA karanA IMdhana se Aga bujhAne kA prayAsa karane kI taraha hai| isake viSaya meM kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM kahA gayA hai ki jo lobhakaSAya ko kama karake santoSa rUpI rasAyana se santuSTa hotA huA, sabako vinazvara jAnakara duSTa tRSNA kA ghAta karatA hai aura apanI AvazyakatA ko jAnakara dhana, dhAnya, suvarNa aura kSetra vagairaha kA parimANa karatA hai, usake pA~cavA~ aNuvrata hotA hai| ____ parigrahatyAga vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~-manojJa aura amanojJa pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya meM rAga-dveSa kA tyAga karanA aparigrahavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiM arthAt apane lie iSTa va aniSTa aise pA~ca indriyoM ke viSayoM ke prati rAga aura dveSa kA tyAga karanA isa vrata kI dRr3hatA ke lie kAraNa hai| yaha mAnava iSTa padArthoM ke prati anurakta hotA hai aura aniSTa padArthoM ke prati dveSa karatA hai| isa prakAra Asakti aura dveSa ina donoM ke tyAga se parigrahoM ko sImita karane kI bhAvanA hotI hai aura aparigraha vrata kI rakSA hotI hai| vratI ke lie sadA vrata kI rakSA ke lie ina bhAvanAoM kA cintavana karate rahanA caahie| uparyukta kathana ko 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM udAharaNa dekara isa prakAra samajhAyA gayA hai-jisa prakAra pakSI mAMsa ke Tukar3e ko prApta karake usako cAhane vAle dUsare pakSiyoM ke dvArA parAbhUta hotA hai, usI prakAra parigraha vAlA bhI isI loka meM usako cAhane vAle cora Adi ke dvArA parAbhUta hotA hai| usI ke arjana, rakSaNa aura nAza se hone vAle aneka doSoM ko prApta hotA hai, jaise IMdhana se agni kI tRpti nahIM hotI, ThIka vahI sthiti lobha kI hai| lobhAtireka ke kAraNa hI kArya aura akArya kA viveka nahIM karatA, paraloka meM azubha gati ko prApta hotA hai tathA yaha lobhI hai, isa prakAra se isakA tiraskAra bhI hotA hai| isalie parigraha kA tyAga zreyaskara hai| parigrahaparimANa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra-kheta, makAna, cA~dI, sonA, dhana, dhAnya, dAsI, dAsa, kapar3e aura bartana ina parigrahoM kA parimANa karake, unakA ullaMghana karanA parigraha parimANavrata ke aticAra haiN| jo jamIna khetI bAr3I ke kAma AtI hai, vaha kSetra kahalAtI hai aura ghara Adi ko vAstu kahate haiN| inakA jitanA pramANa nizcita kiyA ho, lobha meM Akara pramANa kA ullaMghana karanA kSetra-vAstupramANAtikrama hai| vrata lete samaya cA~dI aura sone kA jo pramANa nizcita kiyA ho usakA ullaMghana karanA hiraNya-suvarNapramANAtikrama hai| gAya, bhaiMsa Adi pazudhana aura cAvala, gehU~ Adi dhAnya inake sva-kRta-pramANa kA ullaMghana karanA dhana-dhAnyapramANAtikrama hai| jisake yahA~ jitane naukara-cAkara hoM, unakI saMkhyA bar3hAne kI bhAvanA rakhanA aura unake sAtha mAnavocita vyavahAra na karanA, unheM apanI jAyadAda samajhanA dAsI-dAsapramANAtikrama zrAvakAcAra :: 323 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #333
hai| vastroM aura bartanoM Adi kA pramANa nizcita karake usake pramANa kA ullaMghana karanA kupyapramANAtikrama hai| ye parigrahaparimANavrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiN| ukta aticAra rahita pA~ca aNuvrata svarUpa nidhiyA~ saudharma Adi svargoM ke sukha pradAna karatI haiN| svargoM meM aNimA-mahimA Adi ATha siddhiyA~ aura saptadhAturahita divyazarIra prApta hote haiN| pA~ca aNuvrata ke pAlana se ihaloka aura paraloka meM samAdara prApta hotA hai| guNavrata aNuvrata ke vikAsa ke lie guNavratoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| dizAparimANavrata (digvrata) dezavrata, anarthadaMDaviramaNavrata ina tInoM ko guNavrata isalie kahA jAtA hai ki ye aNuvrata rUpI mUla guNoM kI rakSA va unakA vikAsa karate haiN|" aNuvrata yadi svarNa ke sadRza hai, to guNavrata usa svarNa meM camaka-damaka bar3hAne ke lie paoNliza-jaise hai| aNuvratoM meM zakti kA saMcAra karane vAle guNavrata haiN| aNuvratoM ke pAlana karane meM jo kaThinAiyA~ haiM, una kaThinAiyoM ko guNavrata dUra karate haiN| guNavrata dvArA aNuvrata kI sImA meM rahI huI maryAdA ko aura adhika saMkucita kiyA jAtA hai| aNuvratoM meM sabhI dravyoM, kSetroM, kAla, bhAvoM se hiMsAdi ke dvAra khule rahate haiN| una dvAroM ko amuka dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se banda karane meM guNavrata sahAyaka hote haiN| isIlie mUlaguNa-rUpa aNuvratoM ke pazcAt guNavratoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai (ka) dizAparimANavrata : duSparihAra kSudra jantuoM se bharI huI dizAoM se nivRtti digvirati hai| jinakA parihAra (bacAva) azakya hai aise kSudra jantuoM se dizAe~ vyApta haiN| ata: una kSudra jantuoM kI rakSA karane ke lie dazoM dizAoM meM gamanAgamana nivRtti ko isa prakAra paribhASita kiyA hai-maraNaparyanta sUkSma pApoM kI vinivRtti ke lie dazoM dizAoM kA parimANa karake isase bAhara maiM nahIM jAU~gA isa prakAra saMkalpa karanA yA nizcaya kara lenA so digvata yA dizAparimANavata hai|" dizAparimANavrata ke aticAra- jisane digparimANavrata grahaNa kara liyA hai, use isa maryAdA kA atikramaNa nahIM karanA caahie| dizAparimANa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra batAye haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM- 1. Urdhvavyatikrama, 2. adhovyatikrama, 3. tiryagvyatikrama, 4. kSetravRddhi aura 5. smRtyantarAdhAna / 1. Urdhvavyatikrama- UrdhvadizA meM gamanAgamana ke lie jo kSetra-maryAdA nizcita kara rakhI hai, usa kSetra ko anajAne meM ullaMghana kara jaanaa| 2. adhovyatikrama- nIcI dizA meM jo gamanAgamana kI kSetra maryAdA kara rakhI hai, usakA ajJAta rUpa se ullaMghana ho jaanaa| 324 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #334
3. tiryagvyatikrama- pUrva-pazcima, uttara-dakSiNa, naiRtya, vAyavya, IzAna aura Agneya dizA vidizAoM meM jo kSetra maryAdA rakhI hai usakA atikramaNa ho jaanaa| 4. kSetravRddhi- asAvadhAnI se kSetra kI maryAdA ko eka dizA ke parimANa kA amuka aMza dUsare dizA ke parimANa meM milA denA arthAt eka dizA ke lie kI gayI sImA ko kama karake dUsarI dizA kI sImA meM jor3a lenaa| yaha kSetra-maryAdA kI vRddhi karanA aticAra hai| 5. smRtyantarAdhAna- anusmaraNa (nizcita maryAdA ko bhUla jAnA) hI smRtyantarAdhAna hai| kitanI hI bAra maryAdA kA smaraNa na rahane se maryAdA kA bhaMga ho jAtA hai| (kha) dezavrata- nizcita maryAdA vAle grAma, nagara, ghara, koThA Adi ke pradezoM ko deza kahate haiN| digvrata meM lI gayI jIvana-bhara kI maryAdA ke bhItara bhI apanI AvazyakatAoM evaM prayojana ke anusAra AvAgamana ko sImita samaya ke lie auraadhika niyantrita rakhanA dezavrata kahalAtA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA ke anusAra- jo zrAvaka lobha aura kAma ko ghaTAne ke lie tathA pApa ko chor3ane ke lie varSa Adi kI athavA pratidina kI maryAdA karake, pahale digvrata meM kie hue dizAoM ke pramANa ko, bhogopabhoga parimANavrata meM kie hue indriyoM ke viSayoM ke parimANa ko aura-bhI-kama karatA hai, vaha dezAvakAzika nAma kA zikSAvrata hai| lATIsaMhitA ke anusAra-dezAvakAzika vrata kA viSaya gamana karane kA tyAga, bhojana karane kA tyAga, maithuna karane kA tyAga athavA mauna dhAraNa karanA Adi hai| digvata evaM dezavrata meM antara yaha hai ki digvirati yAvajjIvana (sarvakAla) ke lie hotI hai, jabaki dezavrata zaktyanusAra niyata kAla ke lie hotA hai| sImAoM ke pare sthUla-sUkSma-rUpa pA~coM pApoM kA bhale prakAra tyAga ho jAne se dezAvakAzika vrata ke dvArA bhI mahAvrata sAdhe jAte haiN| dezavrata ke pA~ca aticAra-Anayana, preSyaprayoga, zabdAnupAta, rUpAnupAta aura pudgalakSepa ye dezavirativrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM,46- aisA AcArya umAsvAmI ne kahA hai| tattvArthavArtikakAra inheM isa prakAra samajhAte haiM 1. Anayana- sImA ke bAhara kAryavaza evaM lobhavaza svayaM na jAkara bAhara se koI padArtha ko ma~gavAnA Anayana-prayoga hai| 2. preSyaprayoga- vyApAra ke nimitta se svayaM sImA ke bAhara na jAkara koI mAla vagairaha bhejanA preSya-prayoga hai| 3. zabdAnupAta- koI lobhavaza sImA ke bAhara na jAkara sImA ke pAsa khar3e hokara zabda karanA, AvAja denA Adi zabdAnupAta hai| 4. rUpAnupAta- sImA kA ullaMghana na karane para bhI dezAvakAzika vratI sImA ke zrAvakAcAra :: 325 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #335
samIpa jAkara apane zarIrAdi ko dikhAkara apane abhIpsita kArya ke lie saMketa karatA hai, vaha rUpAnupAta nAma kA aticAra hai| 5. pudgalakSepa- lobhavaza sImA ke bAhara na jAkara sImA ke pAsa khar3e hokara patthara Adi pheMkakara izArA karanA pudagalakSepa hai|" (ga) anarthadaMDaviramaNavrata- jisase upabhoga-paribhoga hotA hai, vaha zrAvaka ke lie artha hai aura usase bhinna jisase upabhoga-paribhoga nahIM hotA hai, vaha anartha hai| usa anarthadaMDa se virata honA hI anarthadaMDa-virati hai| __ ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra ke anusAra-mana, vacana, kAya kI azubha pravRtti kA nAma daMDa hai| prayojana-rahita mana, vacana, kAya kI vyartha-pravRtti ko anarthadaMDa kahate haiN| prayojanarahita pApa ke kAraNa rUpa kAryoM ko sImA ke andara bhI nahIM karanA anarthadaMDaviramaNavrata kahalAtA hai| anarthadaMDaviramaNavrata ke pA~ca bheda haiM- pApopadeza, hiMsAdAna, duHzruti, apadhyAna aura pramAdacaryA / ___ 1. pApopadeza- binA prayojana khoTe vyApAra adi pApa kriyAoM kA upadeza karanA pApopadeza kahalAtA hai| anarthadaMDavirati vAle zrAvaka ko aisA upadeza nahIM denA caahie| 2. hiMsAdAna- astra-zastrAdi hiMsaka upakaraNoM kA AdAna-pradAna karanA hiMsAdAna hai| 3. duHzruti- citta ko kaluSita karane vAlA hiMsA, rAgAdi-preraka azlIla sAhitya par3hanA, sunanA tathA azlIla gIta, nATaka, TelIphona evaM sinemA Adi dekhanA duHzruti hai| ___4. apadhyAna- koI hAra jAe, koI jIta jAe, amuka kA maraNa ho jAe, amuka ko lAbha ho jAe, amuka ko hAni ho jAe, binA prayojana isa prakAra ke cintana ko apadhyAna kahate haiN| ina kriyAoM meM vyartha hI samaya naSTa hotA hai tathA pApa kA saMgraha hotA hai| ataH vratI isakA bhI tyAga kara detA hai| ___5. pramAdacaryA- binA matalaba pRthvI khodanA, pAnI bahAnA, bijalI jalAnA, paMkhA calAnA, Aga jalAnA tathA vanaspati kATanA, tor3anA Adi prayojana-rahita aura pradUSaNa phailAne vAlI kriyAoM ko pramAdacaryA kahate haiN| __ anarthadaMDa ke pA~ca aticAra- prastuta vrata ke pA~ca aticAra haiM, jinakA parihAra karanA vrata ke vikAsa ke lie Avazyaka hai| ve isa prakAra haiM- kandarpa, kautkucya, maukharya, asamIkSyAdhikaraNa aura upabhogaparibhogAnarthakya 2 1. kandarpa- cAritramoha ke udaya se utpAdita rAga ke udreka se hAsya-yukta aziSTa vacanoM kA prayoga karanA kandarpa kahA jAtA hai| ___2. kautkucya- hAsya, zora, bhaMDa-vacana sahita bhauMheM, netra, oSTha, hAtha-paira, nAka, mukha Adi kI kutsita ceSTA karanA, yAnI vikAroM ko dhAraNa karanA kautkucya nAmaka aticAra hai| 326 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #336
3.maukharya- dhRSTatApUrvaka yadA-kadA bahupralApa karanA, zAlInatA kA tyAga kara nirlajjatApUrvaka bakavAsa karanA maukharya nAmaka aticAra hai| 4. asamIkSyAdhikaraNa- mana-vacana-kAya kI niSprayojana ceSTA asamIkSyAdhikaraNa ___5. upabhogaparibhogAnarthakya- upabhoga aura paribhoga kI sAmagrI ko AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha karake rkhnaa| makAna, kapar3e, pharnIcara Adi AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha karanA bhI isI aticAra ke antargata hI hai| ___ isa taraha anarthadaMDaviramaNavrata se mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika sabhI pravRttiyA~ vizuddha hotI haiM, jisase zrAvaka sAmAyika Adi agale vratoM kA samyak prakAra se pAlana kara sakatA hai| zikSAvrata aNuvratoM aura guNavratoM kA pAlana jisa prakAra Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra zrAvaka cAra zikSAvratoM kA bhI pAlana karatA hai| sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, bhogopabhogaparimANa, atithisaMvibhAga ye cAra zikSAvrata haiN| inase muni banane kI zikSA/preraNA milatI hai, isalie inheM zikSAvrata kahate haiN| zrAvaka inheM vizeSa rUpa se pAlatA hai| sAdhu-avasthA meM jina kAryoM ko vizeSa rUpa se karanA hotA hai, unakA abhyAsa karanA hI zikSAvrata kA pramukha uddezya hai| uparyukta cAroM zikSAvratoM kA kramazaH vivecana isa prakAra hai___1. sAmAyika- sAmAyika dhyAna kA zreSTha sAdhana hai| mana kI zuddhi kA zreSTha upAya hai| sAmAyika meM mUla zabda 'samaya' hai, jisakA artha hai eka-sAtha jAnanA va gamana krnaa| 'Aya' arthAt prANiyoM kI hiMsA ke hetubhUta pariNAma / usa Aya yA anartha kA samyak prakAra se naSTa ho jAnA hI samaya hai athavA samyak Aya arthAt AtmA ke sAtha ekIbhUta honA so samaya hai| usa samaya meM ho yA vaha samaya hI hai prayojana jisakA, so sAmAyika hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki hiMsAdi anarthoM se satarka rahanA sAmAyika hai| amitagatizrAvakAcAra ke anusAra-jIvana va maraNa meM, saMyoga va viyoga meM, apriya va priya meM, zatru va mitra meM, sukha va duHkha meM samabhAva ko sAmAyika kahate haiN| sAmAyika karane ke lie udyata vratI sabase pahale keza-bandhana kre| muSThi aura vastra meM bandhana kara pratijJA kare ki inake khulane taka maiM AtmavicAra yA sAmAyika kruuNgaa| isI prakAra paryaMka-Asana, padmAsana Adi AsanoM meM baiThakara baiThaka kA niyama bhI kara leve, isI kA nAma sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika sthAna strI, pAkhaMDI, tiryaMca, bhUta, betAla Adi; ve vyAghra, siMha Adi tathA adhika jana-saMsarga se dUra honA cAhie, nirAkula honA caahie| sAmAyika karane vAle acalayoga hote hue zIta, uSNa, DAMsa-macchara Adi zrAvakAcAra :: 327 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #337
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kRta parISaha upasarga ko bhI sahana karate haiN| maiM azaraNarUpa, azubharUpa, anitya, duHkhamaya aura para-rUpa saMsAra meM nivAsa karatA hU~ aura mokSa isase viparIta hai, isa prakAra sAmAyika dhyAna karanA cAhie | jinavANI, jinabimba, jinadharma, paMcaparameSThI tathA kRtrima aura akRtrima caityAlaya kA bhI sAmAyika meM dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| pariNAmoM meM samatAbhAva kI vRddhi ke lie zrAvakoM ko zakti anusAra sAmAyika avazya karanA cAhie / sAmAyikavrata ke pA~ca aticAra - zrImad umAsvAmI ne kAyaduSpraNidhAna, vacanaduSpraNidhAna, manaH duSpraNidhAna, anAdara, smRtyanupasthAna, - ye pA~ca sAmAyika vrata ke aticAra batalAe haiM po - yogoM kA anyathA - pravartana yoga - duSpraNidhAna hai| krodhAdika kaSAyoM ke vaza hokara zarIra ke avayavoM kA vicitra vikRta rUpa ho jAnA kAyaduSpraNidhAna hai| varNasaMkara kA abhAva tathA artha ke Agamatva meM calanA arthAt nirarthaka azuddha vacanoM kA prayoga karanA vAcanika- duSpraNidhAna hai| mana kA anarpitatva honA, anyathA honA, mana kA upayoga nahIM laganA mAnasika- duSpraNidhAna hai / anutsAha ko anAdara kahate haiM / kartavya karma kA jisakisI taraha nirvAha karanA anAdara yA anutsAha hai arthAt sAmAyika ke prati utsAha nahIM honA hI anAdara hai / citta kI ekAgratA na honA aura mana meM samAdhirUpatA kA na honA smRtyanupasthAna kahA jAtA hai uparyukta aticAroM ke kAraNa sAmAyika vrata kA ekadeza bhaMga hotA hai, sarvathA sAmAyikavrata kA abhAva nahIM hotA hai / abhyAsa - dazA meM jaba sAmAyika aticAra - rahita hotA hai, tabhI vaha vratI Age kI pratimA ko dhAraNa karane ke lie yogya hotA hai, isalie sAmAyikavrata kI nirdoSatA ke lie vratI sAmAyika vrata ke pA~ca aticAroM kA tyAga avazya kare / sAmAyikavrata meM citta sthira karanA sarala nahIM hai, parantu nitya prati abhyAsa karane se citta meM ekAgratA AtI jAtI hai| - 2. proSadhopavAsavrata - cAroM hI prakAra ke AhAroM kA tyAga upavAsa hai| upavAsa dhAraNa ke dina ekabhukti arthAt saptamI aura trayodazI ke dina eka bhukti proSadha aura parva dina meM, aSTamI, caturdazI kA upavAsa evaM pAraNA ke dina arthAt naumI aura pUrNimA ke dina eka - bhukti isakA nAma proSadhopavAsa hai| mahIne meM do aSTamI aura do caturdazI ko upavAsa, do naumI aura pUrNimA, amAvasyA ko eka- bhukti isakA nAma proSadhopavAsa hai / proSadhopavAsa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra - zrImad umAsvAmI ne apratyavekSitApramArjitotsarga, apratyavekSitApramArjitAdAna, apratyavekSitApramArjita saMstaropakramaNa, anAdara aura smRtyanupasthAna ye pA~ca proSadhopavAsa ke aticAra batalAye haiN| jinakA varNana tattvArthavArtikakAra ne isa prakAra kiyA hai-cakSu kA vyApAra pratyavekSaNa hai, komala picchikAdi upakaraNa se bhUmi 328 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #338
Adi kA zodhana karanA pramArjana jAnanA caahie| una pratiSedha viziSTa donoM (apratyavekSita aura apramArjita) kA utsargAdi pratyeka (utsarga, AdAna, saMstaropakramaNa) ke sAtha sambandha karanA cAhie, jaise apratyavekSitApramArjitotsarga ityaadi| pratyavekSaNa aura pramArjana nahIM karanA-apratyavekSitApramArjita hai| binA dekhI aura binA zodhI huI bhUmi para malamUtrAdi karanA-apratyavekSitApramArjitotsarga hai| binA dekhI aura binA zodhI huI bhUmi para arhanta yA AcArya kI pUjA ke upakaraNa kA rakhanA, uThAnA tathA gandha, mAlA, dhUpAdi kA aura apane paridhAna (bichaunA) Adi kA vastra evaM pAtrAdi padArthoM kA rakhanA, uThAnA, grahaNa karanA Adi apratyavekSitA-pramArjitAdAna hai| binA dekhI athavA binA zodhI bhUmi para saMthArA (bichaunA) Adi bichAnA apratyavekSitA pramArjitasaMstaropakramaNa hai| bhUkha-pyAsa Adi ke kAraNa Avazyaka kriyAoM meM utsAha nahIM rakhanA anAdara hai| rAtri aura dina kI kriyAoM ko pramAda kI adhikatA se bhUla jAnA smRtyanupasthAna hai| 3. bhogopabhoga parimANa vrata- bhojana, mAlA Adi eka hI bAra upayoga meM Ane yogya vastu kA bhoga kahate haiM tathA vastrAbhUSaNa adi bAra-bAra bhogane meM Ane-yogya vastuoM ko upabhoga kahate haiN| bhoga aura upabhoga ke sAdhanoM ko kucha samaya yA jIvanaparyanta ke lie tyAga karanA bhogopabhogaparimANavrata kahalAtA hai| yaha bhogopabhogaparimANavata vyaktigata nirAkulatA evaM sAmAjika sadbhAva donoM dRSTiyoM se upayogI hai, kyoMki isa vrata ke ho jAne para anAvazyaka vastuoM kA saMgraha/saMcaya aura upabhoga banda ho jAtA hai| isase zrAvaka anAvazyaka kharca aura AkulatA se baca jAtA hai tathA eka jagaha anAvazyaka vastuoM kA saMgraha na hone se dUsaroM ke lie ve vastue~ sulabha ho jAtI haiN| anAvazyaka mA~ga na hone ke kAraNa samAjavAda meM yaha vyavasthA bahuta hI upayogI hai ki vyakti apane upayoga kI vastu kA hI sImita mAtrA meM saMgraha kre| kisI eka ke pAsa anAvazyaka vastuoM kA saMgraha hone se dUsare usake upabhoga se vaMcita ho jAte trasaghAta, bahusthAvaraghAta, pramAdakAraka, aniSTa aura anupasevya ke tyAga rUpa bheda se bhogopabhogaparimANavrata pA~ca prakAra kA hai| trasa-ghAta kI nivRtti ke lie madhumA~sa ko hamezA ke lie chor3a denA caahie| ketakI ke puSpa, arjuna ke puSpa Adi bahuta jantuoM ke utpatti-sthAna hai tathA adarakha, halkI, mUlI, nIma ke phUla Adi anantakAya kahe jAne yogya haiM arthAt inameM ananta sAdhAraNa nigodiyA jIva rahate hai| inake sevana se bahuvighAta hotA hai, ataH inakA tyAga hI kalyANakArI hai| pramAda kA nAza karane ke lie kAryAkArya ke viveka ko naSTa karane vAlI aura moha ko karane vAlI madirA kA tyAga avazya karanA caahie| yAna, vAhana, hAthI, ratha, ghor3A, alaMkAra Adi meM itane mujhe iSTa haiM, rakhanA haiM, anya aniSTa haiM' isa prakAra vicAra kara aniSTa se nivRtti karanI zrAvakAcAra :: 329 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #339
cAhie, kyoMki jaba taka abhisandhi (abhiprAya) pUrvaka vastu kA tyAga nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, taba taka vaha vrata nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| jo sva ko iSTa hai, parantu ziSTajanoM ke lie upasevya nahIM hai, dhAraNa karane yogya nahIM hai, aise vicitra prakAra ke vastra, vikRta veSa, AbharaNa Adi anupasevya padArthoM kA yAvajjIvana parityAga karanA caahie| yadi yAvajjIvana tyAga karane kI zakti nahIM ho, to amuka samaya kI maryAdA se amuka vastuoM kA parimANa karake nivRtti karanI caahie| bhogopabhoga parimANa vrata ke aticAra- (1) sacitAhAra, (2) sambandhAhAra, (3) sammizrAhAra, (4) abhiSavAhAra aura (5) duHpkvaahaar| (1) sacitAhAra- cetanatA-sahita dravya kA AhAra sacitAhAra hai| (2) sambandhAhAra- sacita se sambandha ko prApta huA dravya sambandhAhAra hai| (3) sammizrAhAra- mizrita dravya kA AhAra sammizrAhAra hai| (4) abhiSavAhAra- dravya, sirakA Adi aura uttejaka bhojana abhiSAvAhAra kahalAtA hai| ___(5) duHpakvAhAra- jo ThIka taraha se nahIM pakA ho, aisA AhAra duHpakvAhAra 4. atithisaMvibhAga vrata- cAritra lAbha rUpI bala se sampanna hone ke kAraNa jo saMyama kA vinAza na karake bhramaNa karatA hai, vaha atithi hai athavA jisake Ane kI tithi nizcita na ho vaha atithi hai| saMvibhajana ko saMvibhAga kahate haiN| atithi ke lie saMvibhAga dAna denA atithi-saMvibhAga hai| vratI zrAvaka pratidina apane bhojana se pUrva uttama, madhyama, jaghanya tIna prakAra ke pAtroM kI pratIkSA karatA hai| zrAvaka sirpha AhAra dAna hI nahIM detA balki AvazyakatA ke anusAra auSadhi-dAna bhI detA hai, samayasamaya para muniyoM ko picchI, kamaMDalu evaM zAstrAdi upakaraNa bhI detA hai| isI prakAra muniyoM ke rahane yogya sthAna bhI banavAkara yA vyavasthA kara svayaM ko kRtArtha karatA hai| ye saba kriyAe~ atithi-saMvibhAga-vrata ke antargata AtI haiN| isa prakAra abhyAgata atithi kI pUjA aura satkAra karane se usake dvArA gRha-kAryoM se arjita samasta pApa dhula jAte __ atithisaMvibhAgavata ke aticAra- sacittanikSepa, sacittApidhAna, para-vyapadeza, mAtsarya aura kAlAtikrama ye pA~ca atithi-saMvibhAga-vrata ke aticAra haiN| sacitta kamala-patra Adi para rakhI huI vastu sacitta-nikSepa kahalAtI hai| prakaraNavaza sacitta se DhakanA sacittApidhAna hai| dAtA dUsare sthAna para, yaha dene yogya padArtha bhI dUsare vyakti kA hai, aisA kahakara arpaNa karanA para-vyapadeza hai| AhAra dete samaya Adara bhAva ke binA denA mAtsarya kahalAtA hai| anagAroM ke ayogya kAla meM AhAra denA kAlAtikrama kahA jAtA 330 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #340
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hai, ye paMca aticAra atithisaMvibhAgavata ke haiN| ukta pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata rUpa bAraha vratoM kA nirdoSa AcaraNa karate hue Ayu ke anta meM samAdhimaraNa dhAraNa karane se sAgAra-dharma kI pUrNatA hotI hai; jaisA ki sAgAradharmAmRta meM kahA bhI hai- nirmala samyaktva, nirdoSa aNuvrata, guNavrata va zikSAvrata evaM maraNa ke anta samaya meM sallekhanA ko dhAraNa karanA pUrNa sAgAradharma hai| Ayu, indriya, bala Adi prANoM kA hrAsa-rUpI kSudra-maraNa to prati-samaya hotA rahatA hai, parantu anta samaya meM paryAya parivartana kA jo maraNa hotA hai, usakA nAma mahAmaraNa hai, mahAmaraNa ke samaya sallekhanA kI sAdhanA bhadra-sAdhaka kA kartavya hai| sallekhanA-'sallekhanA' (sat+lekhanA) arthAt acchI taraha se kAya aura kaSAyoM ko kRza karane ko sallekhanA kahate haiN| niSpratIkAra upasarga, durbhikSa, vRddhapanA athavA roga ke A jAne para dharma kI rakSA ke lie jo zarIra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, use Arya puruSoM ne sallekhanA kahA hai| ise hI samAdhimaraNa bhI kahate haiN| zrImad umAsvAmI ne kahA hai- maraNakAla samupasthita hone para sabhI prakAra ke viSAda ko chor3akara samatApUrvaka deha-tyAga karanA hI samAdhimaraNa yA sallekhanA hai|' deha-tyAga kI isa prakriyA ko nahIM samajha pAne ke kAraNa kucha loga ise AtmaghAta kahate haiM, kintu sallekhanA Atma-ghAta nahIM hai| Atma-ghAta ko to jainadharma meM pApa, hiMsA evaM AtmA kA ahitakArI kahA gayA hai| Atma-ghAta kaSAyoM se prerita hokara kiyA jAtA hai, kintu sallekhanA kA mUlAdhAra samatA hai| Atma-ghAtI ko AtmA kI avinazvaratA kA bhAna nahIM hotA, jabaki sallekhanA kA pramukha AdhAra AtmA kI amaratA ko samajhakara apanI paraloka yAtrA ko sudhAranA hai| sallekhanA jIvana ke anta samaya meM zarIra kI atyadhika nirbalatA, anupayuktatA, bhAra-bhUtatA athavA maraNa ke kisI anya kAraNa ke Ane para mRtyu ko aparihArya mAnakara kI jAtI hai, jabaki Atma-ghAta jIvana meM kisI bhI kSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| AtmaghAtI ke pariNAmoM meM dInatA, bhIti aura udAsI pAyI jAtI hai, to sallekhanA meM parama utsAha, nirbhIkatA aura vIratA kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| AtmaghAta vikRta cittavRtti kA pariNAma hai, to sallekhanA nirvikAramAnasikatA kA phala hai| AtmaghAta meM jahA~ marane kA lakSya hai, to sallekhanA kA dhyeya maraNa ke yogya paristhiti nirmita hone para apane sadguNoM kI rakSA kA hai, apane jIvana ke nirmANa kA hai| sallekhanA ko sAdhanA kI antima kriyA kahA gayA hai| antima kriyA yAnI mRtyu ke samaya kI kriyA ko sudhAranA arthAt kAya aura kaSAya ko kRza karake saMnyAsa dhAraNa karanA-yahI jIvana bhara ke tapa kA phala hai| isalie pratyeka sAdhaka ko sallekhanA avazya karanI caahie| zrAvakAcAra :: 331 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #341
sallekhanA kI vidhi- sAdhaka ko sarvaprathama apane kuTumbiyoM, parijanoM evaM mitroM se moha, apane zatruoM se baira tathA saba prakAra ke bAhya padArthoM se mamatva kA zuddha mana se tyAgakara, miSTa vacanoM ke sAtha apane sva-janoM evaM parijanoM se kSamA yAcanA karanI cAhie tathA apanI ora se bhI unheM kSamA karanI caahie| usake bAda kisI yogya guru ke pAsa jAkara kRta-kArita anumodana se kie gaye saba prakAra ke pApoM kI chalarahita AlocanA kara, maraNaparyanta ke lie mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa karanA caahie| isa prakAra jJAnapUrvaka kaSAyoM ko kRza karane ke sAtha vaha apanI kAyA ko kRza karane ke hetu sarvaprathama sthUla/Thosa AhAra dAla-bhAta, roTI-jaise kA tyAga karatA hai tathA dugdha, chAcha Adi peya padArthoM para nirbhara rahane kA abhyAsa bar3hAtA hai| dhIre-dhIre jaba dUdha, chAcha Adi para rahane kA abhyAsa ho jAtA hai, taba vaha unakA bhI tyAga kara mAtra garma jala grahaNa karatA hai| isa prakAra citta kI sthiratApUrvaka apane ukta abhyAsa aura zakti ko bar3hAkara dhIrajatApUrvaka, anta meM usa jala kA bhI tyAga kara detA hai aura apane vratoM ko niraticAra pAlana karate hue 'paJca namaskAra' mantra kA smaraNa karatA huA zAnti pUrvaka isa deha kA tyAgakara paraloka ko prayANa karatA hai| sallekhanA ke aticAra-jIne kI AkAMkSA karanA, marane kI AkAMkSA karanA, mitroM meM anurAga karanA, pahale bhoge hue bhogoM kA smaraNa karanA aura nidAna-bandha karanA ye pA~ca sallekhanAvrata ke aticAra haiN| yaha zarIra avazya tyAgane yogya hai, jala ke babUle ke samAna anitya hai- aise isa zarIra kI sthiti kisa prakAra rakhI jAe, kaise yaha bahuta kAla taka TikA rahe ityAdi rUpa se zarIra ke Thaharane kI abhilASA jIvitAzaMsA hai| rogAdi kI tIvra pIDA ke kAraNa jIvana meM saMkleza hone para maraNa ke prati citta kA praNidhAna honA maraNAzaMsA hai| bacapana ke jo mitra haiM, jinhoMne Apatti meM sahAyatA dI hai aura sukha-duHkha meM sahayogI bane haiM, una mitroM kA smaraNa karanA mitrAnurAga hai| 'maiMne yaha khAyA, isa prakAra ke palaMga para sotA thA, isa prakAra kI krIr3A karatA thA' ityAdi pUrva bhukta krIr3A, zayana, bhoga Adi kA smaraNa karanA sukhAnubandha kahA jAtA hai| viSaya sukhoM kI utkaTa abhilASA bhogAkAMkSA hai| usa bhogAkAMkSA se jisameM niyata rUpa se citta diyA jAtA hai vaha nidAna hai| isaprakAra ye pA~ca sallekhanA vrata ke aticAra haiN| jo eka bAra aticAra rahita hokara sallekhanApUrvaka maraNa prApta karatA hai, vaha atizIghra mokSa ko prApta karatA hai| jaina zAstroM ke anusAra sallekhanApUrvaka maraNa karane vAlA sAdhaka yA to usI bhava se mukta ho jAtA hai yA eka yA do bhava ke antarAla se| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki sallekhanApUrvaka maraNa hone se adhika se adhika sAta-ATha bhavoM meM to mukti ho hI jAtI hai isIlie jainasAdhanA meM sallekhanA ko itanA mahattva diyA jAtA hai tathA pratyeka sAdhaka 'zrAvaka 332 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #342
aura muni' ko jIvana ke anta meM prItipUrvaka sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| sandarbha 1. abhidhAna rAjendrakoSa, saptamabhAga, sAvadyazabda pR.-779 2. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra -66 3. tattvArthasUtra 7/39 4. niHzalyo vrtii| ta.sU. 7/18 5. tattrividhaM maayaanidaanmithyaadrshnbhedaat| ta. vA. 7/18/3 6. agaaryngaarshc| annuvrto'gaarii| ta. sU. 7/19, 20 7. hiMsAnRtasteyAbrahmaparigrahebhyo virtivrtm| ta. sU. 7/1 8. vratamabhisandhi kRto niyamaH, idaM kartavyamidaM na kartavyamiti vA sarvA. si. 7/1/664 9. deshsrvto'nnumhtii| ta. sU. 7/2 10. tattvArthasUtravArtika 7/1/6 11. pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiNsaa| ta. sU. 7/13 12. uddhRta jaina dharmAmRta 430, 33 13. vADamanoguptIryAdAnanikSepaNasamityAlokitapAnabhojanAni pnyc| ta.sU. 7/4 14. mUlAcAra-337 15. bandhabadhacchedAtibhArAropaNAnnapAnanirodhAH / ta. sU. 7/25 16. tattvArthavArtika 7/25/1 se 5 taka ke vArtika 17. sarvArthasiddhi 7/20/358/8 18. kaartikeyaanuprekssaa| 333/334 19. krodhalobhabhIrutvahAsyapratyAkhyAnAnyanuvIcibhASaNaJca paJca ta. sa. 7/5 20. cAritrasAra /65/4 21. mithyopadezarahobhyAkhyAnakUTalekhakriyAnyAsApahArasAkAramantrabhedAH / / ta. sU. 7/26 22. draSTavya-ta. vA. 7/26/1 se 5 taka vArtika 23. adattAdAnaM steym| ta. sU. 7/15 24. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 57 25. sarvArthasiddhi 7/20/358 26. zUnyAgAravimocitAvAsaparoparodhAkaraNabhaikSyazuddhisadharmAvisaMvAdAH paJca / ta. sU. 7/6 27. stenaprayogatadAhRtAdAnaviruddharAjyAtikramahInAdhikamAnonmAna pratirUpakavyavahArAH / ta. sU. 7/27 28. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 59 29. strIrAgakathAzravaNatanmanoharAGganirIkSaNapUrvaratAnusmaraNavRSyeSTara-sasvazarIrasaMskAratyAgAH paJca / tattvArthasUtra 717 30. prvivaahkrnnetvrikaa'prigRhiitaagmnaannggkriidd'aakaamtiivraabhiniveshaa| ta. sU. 7/28 31. tattvArthavArtika 7/28/1 se 5 taka ke vArtika zrAvakAcAra :: 333 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #343
32. tattvArthasUtra 7/17 33. kArtikeyAnuprekSA mU. 339-340 34. manojJA'manojJendriyaviSayarAgadveSavarjanAni pnyc| ta. sU. 7/8 35. kssetrvaastuhirnnysuvrnndhndhaanydaasiidaaskupyprmaannaatikrmaaH| ta. sU. 7/29 36. yadguNAyopakArAyANuvratAnAM vratAni tat gunnvrtaani| sAgAradharmAmRta 5/1 37. digviratiH dezavirati anarthadaMDaviratiriti etAni trINi gunnvrtaani| sarvA. si. 7/21/703 38. duSpariharakSudrajantuprAyatvAdinivRttiH / ta. vA. 7/21/15 39. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 67-68 40. uurdhvaadhstirygvytikrmkssetrvRddhismRtyntraadhaanaani| tattvArthasUtra 7/30 41. upabhoga-paribhogau asyaa'gaarinno'rthH| tadvyatirikto'narthaH / tattvArthabhASya 7/16 42. kndrpkautukucymaukhry'smiikssyaadhikrnnopbhogpribhogaanrthkyaani| ta. sU. 7/32 43. ta. vA. 7/32/1 se 5 taka vArtika 44. tattvArthavArtika 7/21/3 = grAmAdInAm avadhRtapariNAmaH pradezo dezaH 45. kArtikeyAnuprekSA mU. gA. 367-368 46. AnayanapreSyaprayogazabdarUpAnupAtapudgalakSepAH / ta. sU. 7/31 47. ta. vA. 7/31/1-5 taka ke vArtika 48. bhagavatI ArAdhanA mU.-2082 49. amitagatizrAvakAcAra 8/31 50. ta. sU. 7/33 51. ta. sU. 7/34 52. ta. sU. 7/34/1-5 53. bhogaparisaMkhyAnaM paJcavidhaM trsghaatprmaadbhuvdhaanissttaanupsevyvissybhedaat| ta. vA. 7/21/27 54. ta. vA. 7/21 pR. 392 55. ta. sU. 7/36 56. ta. vA. 7/36/1-5 57. mAraNAntikI sallekhanAM jossitaa| ta. sU. 7/22 58. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra-122-130 334 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #344
pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya bra. jayakumAra 'nizAnta' jaina dhArmika paramparA meM deva-darzana evaM pUjA pratyeka gRhastha kA prathama kartavya hai| deva darzana se jahA~ puNya kI prApti hotI hai, vahIM karmoM kI nirjarA bhI hotI hai', aisI jaina dArzanika mAnyatA hai| isIlie jaina-paramparA meM devadarzana-stotra meM nimnAMkita ullekha milatA hai darzanaM devadevasya darzanaM pApanAzanam / darzanaM svargasopAnaM darzanaM moksssaadhnm|| darzanena jinendrANAM sAdhUnAM vandanena c| na ciraM tiSThate pApaM chidrahaste ythodkm|| arthAt 'jinendra bhagavAn kA darzana pApoM ko naSTa karane vAlA hai, svarga kI sIr3hI hai, mokSa kA sAdhana hai evaM jinendra bhagavAna ke darzana va sAdhuoM kI vandanA se pApa cirakAla taka Thahara nahIM sakatA arthAt avilamba naSTa hotA hai, ThIka vaise hI jaise khulI aMguliyoM vAlI aMjulI meM pAnI nahIM ThaharatA hai|' sAkSAt jinendra deva kA darzana Aja sambhava nahIM hai, vaha jinabimba ke mAdhyama se hI ghaTita hotA hai; para jinabimba yadi kevala pASANa, ratna yA dhAtu kA banA hai aura usameM pratiSThA nahIM huI hai, to vaha bhI bahuta-kAma kA nahIM hai, kyoMki pratiSThA se hI bimba meM guNoM kA AropaNa hotA hai aura una Aropita guNoM ke sAtha jur3Ava se hI puNyArjana hotA hai va vyakti meM antataH karmoM kI nirjarA kI pravRtti aura bimba meM usakA nimitta banane kI zakti jAgrata hotI hai| saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra ke anusAra pratiSThA zabda 'prati' upasargapUrvaka 'sthA' dhAtu se 'a' va 'TApa' pratyaya lagane para niSpanna hotA hai| isake apane-apane sandarbha meM aneka artha haiM, sabhI dharmAvalambI apane ArAdhya kI sthApanA citra, grantha, pratimA, yantra Adi meM karate haiM aura isa pratiSThApanA-kriyA ke bAda vaha mAdhyama rUpa kAgaja, dhAtu yA pASANa pASANa nahIM raha jAtA, vaha usake ArAdhya ke rUpa meM usakI zraddhA, AsthA evaM samarpaNa ke kendra ke rUpa meM pratiSThita ho jAtA hai| yaha pratiSThApanA-kriyA satpuruSoM ke sAnnidhya meM mAMgalika anuSThAnapUrvaka mantroM ke dvArA hotI hai aura isI prakAra isI pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 335 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #345
kriyA se vaha vastu pUjanIya ho jAtI hai| jaina paramparA meM pratiSThA ke paryAya ke rUpa meM pratiSThAna, pratiSThA, sthApana, tatpratikriyA ityAdi paryAyavAcI nAmoM kA prayoga hai aura ukta sthApanA Adi meM Atmabuddhi hone ke kAraNa stavana Adi se usameM abheda mAnA gayA hai| kula milAkara pratiSThA ke mantroM ke dvArA hama pratiSThita hone vAlI bimba vastu meM sarvajJapane kI, tIrthaMkaratva kI, vItarAgabhAva kI nikSepa ke dvArA sthApanA karate haiM, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa vaha vastuvizeSa Atmavastu ke yathArtha-jJAna kI kAraka bana jAtI hai| jaina-paramparA meM mandira-pratiSThA ke antargata bimba-pratiSThA, vedI-pratiSThA, zikharapratiSThA, yantra-pratiSThA aura caraNa-pratiSThA Adi kA vidhAna hai aura isakI sampUrNa prakriyA kA ullekha pramukha rUpa se pratiSThA pATha, pratiSThA tilaka, pratiSThA sAroddhAra, pratiSThA candrikA, pratiSThA pradIpa, pratiSThA ratnAkara, pratiSThA parAga Adi granthoM meM prApta hotA hai| yadyapi ukta granthoM ke pUrva bhI jaina paramparA meM jaina AcAra-zAstra ke mUla granthoM meM pratiSThA sambandhI ullekha milate haiM, parantu ina granthoM ke dvArA pratiSThA kI prakriyA ko eka vyavasthita svarUpa milA hai| jaina paramparA meM devadarzana evaM pUjA kI paramparA anAdikAlIna hai, isalie aisI pratIti hai ki pratiSThA kI prakriyA bhI anAdikAlIna hI rahI hogii| cU~ki sabhI bhAratIya dharmoM, darzanoM kI mUla prakriyA vAcika thI, isalie yaha paramparA bhI AcAryoM ke sAtha ba~dhatI huI zruta ke rUpa meM Age calI hogI, jo ukta granthoM meM nigadita hai| isa sthApanA ke pramukha rUpa se do bheda mAne gaye haiM-1. atadAkAra sthApanA; 2. tadAkAra sthaapnaa| atadAkAra sthApanA meM pratiSTheya kA AkAra-rUpa na hone para bhI use usa rUpa svIkAra karanA, jaise-zataraMja ke mohare, sAmAnya (beDola) pASANa meM devoM kI sthApanA, cAvala Adi meM bhagavAn kI sthApanA Adi evaM tadAkAra sthApanA meM pratiSTheya kA AkAra, bAhya rUpa usI rUpa meM honA cAhie, jaisA mUla rUpa meM bhagavAn kA thA, para isa prakAra pratimA kI avadhAraNA vastuta: tadAkAra kI sthApanA ke rUpa meM jaina pratiSThA paramparA meM pallavita huI hai| yahA~ yaha uddhRta karanA atireka na hogA ki samasta bhAratIya dharmoM meM prAcInatama pratimAe~ jaina-paramparA kI prApta huI haiN| cU~ki ve pratiSThita hokara ArAdhanA kA aMga kisI na kisI kAla meM banIM, isIlie hajAroM varSoM kI lambI yAtrA kara Aja bhI hameM deza evaM videza meM prApta hotI haiN| pratiSThA ke pAtra aura unakI arhatA pratiSThA karane va karAne vAloM kI pAtratA ke sambandha meM bhI jaina zAstroM meM lambI carcA hai| yadi pAtratA rakhane vAlA vyakti pratiSThA karAtA hai, to usake pariNAma bar3e sakArAtmaka hote haiM, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa pratiSThAkartA ko aneka lAbha hote haiM aura 336 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #346
unakA vizvAsa anuSThAna-vidhi meM bar3hatA hai| pAtroM kI saMyama-sAdhanA, abhakSya-tyAga, brahmacarya kA pAlana, kaSAya-pravRttiyoM para aMkuza karane se unake citta kA zodhana hotA hai, jisakA prabhAva pratiSTheya vastu para par3atA hai| isIlie pratiSThA-pAThoM meM pratiSThA karAne vAle kI yogyatAoM kA vizada varNana milatA hai| bAta itanI hI nahIM, pratiSThA ke karAne vAle AcArya, paNDita Adi kI yogyatA kA ullekha bhI zAstroM meM hai| sUrimantra pradAtA AcArya, indra kriyA kA kartA, yajJa kA kartA, yajamAna, usakI patnI, pUjana-kartA Adi ye pA~coM vratadhArI hone caahie| sAmagrI sampAdita karane vAlA, mantrI, sabhAsada, adhyApaka, pAThavaktA. paNDita, zrI. hI Adi kanyAe~ va laukAntika deva ke rUpa meM bhI sAdharmIjana pAtra ke rUpa meM pratiSThA meM sammilita hote haiN| ina sabakI yogyatA ke bAre meM bhI zAstroM meM lekha haiM, jo pramukha rUpa se unake saMyamI jIvana kA AdhAra banate haiM / __ pratiSThAkartA-yajamAna nyAya-mArga se AjIvikA karane vAlA, guru kI bhakti karane vAlA, nindA Adi doSoM se rahita, vinayavAna, brAhmaNa, kSatriya athavA vaizya varNa vAlA vrata kriyA, vandanA Adi meM sAvadhAna, zIlavAna, zraddhAvAna, saddAtA ke guNoM se yukta, mahAn kArya karane kA icchuka, zAstrajJa, mandakaSAyI, niSkalaMka, kukarma-unmAda va apavAda se dUra rahane vAlA aura jainadharma meM udAra buddhivAlA vyakti honA caahie| jaina paramparA meM yajamAna ke paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM yajvA, yAjaka, yaSTA, pUjaka, SaTakarmA, yAjJakRta, saMghI Adi zabda milate haiN| __jahA~ jaina-paramparA pratiSThA ke yogya pAtroM kA ullekha karatI hai, vahIM kauna pratiSThA nahIM karA sakatA hai, isa bAta kA ullekha bhI jaina zAstroM meM hai, bhIla arthAt zikAra karane vAlA, sunAra, bhairoM, caNDikA kI pUjA karane vAlA, corI karane vAlA, strI kA vyabhicAra karAkara dhana arjita karane vAlA, juArI, vyasanI, raudra kA rUpa madirA Adi tathA khetI karane vAle, dUsare kA dhana lagAkara apanA yaza cAhane vAle, saMgha ke nindaka, rAjya ke dravya kA haraNa karane vAle, nirmAlya ke bhoktA ke dravya kA pratiSThA meM niSedha hai| isa pUrI prakriyA ke pIche jaina vicAra-zAstriyoM kA bhAva uttama samAja ke nirmANa kA rahA hai| isIlie vahA~ pratiSThAkartA ke dvividha svarUpa kA ullekha hai| ThIka isI prakAra jisa prakAra pratiSThA-kartA kI yogyatAoM aura ayogyatAoM kA ullekha jaina paramparA meM hai, ThIka vaise hI jaina zAstroM ke anusAra koI bhI zAstrajJa pratiSThAcArya, indra, zacI, dikkanyA Adi ke rUpa meM saMyama Adi kA pAlana na karane vAlA apanI bhUmikA nahIM nibhA sakatA hai| inake cayana ke bhI jo AdhAra haiM, ve AdhAra nizcita rUpa meM eka uttama samAja ke nirmANa kA saMketa karate haiN| bimba-nirmANa-vidhi pratiSThA granthoM meM bimba nirmAtA kisa taraha kA ho, usakA zilpI kaisA ho, zilpI pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 337 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #347
jisa pASANa se bimba banAne jA rahA hai, vaha kaisA ho aura usake bAda jo bimba banakara taiyAra honA hai, usakA svarUpa kaisA ho, usakI mApa kaisI ho, Adi kA ullekha bhI bar3I sUkSma-prakriyA ke sAtha pratiSThA-pAThoM meM milatA hai| isa pUrI prakriyA ke pIche bhI vicAra yaha hai ki jo jinAlaya yA jo jinabimba hama sthApita karane jA rahe haiM, vaha nyAya se arjita kiye gaye dhana uttama saMyamI zilpI' va nirmANakartA tathA uttama zilA ke AdhAra para uttama/utkRSTa AkAra vAlA honA caahie| jinabimba svarNa, ratna, maNi, cA~dI, sphaTika evaM nirdoSa patthara ke banAye jAte haiN| zilA-parIkSaNa yA Akara-zuddhi-vidhi prAcIna kAla meM yaha kriyA jinabimba nirmANa ke pUrva zilA ke bhItarI doSoM ko jAnane ke lie pUrNa vidhi-vidhAnapUrvaka dina meM, sUrya ke prakAza meM, anuSThAnapUrvaka kI jAtI thii| isa kriyA meM nimna kvAthoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai 1. saptauSadhi kvAtha; 2. paMcaphala kvAtha; 3. chala paMca kvAtha; 4. divyauSadhi mUlASTaka kvAtha; 5. sarvauSadhi kvAtha; 6. sarvauSadhi; 7. aSTagandha; 8. uvttn| ina kvAthoM meM vizeSa auSadhiyoM ke prabhAva se zilA-khaNDa ke bhItarI doSa pragaTa ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra nirdoSa zilA kA cayana kara pUrNa vidhi-vidhAna se mantroM se zuddha karake vAstu ke niyamAnusAra bimba-nirmANa kiyA jAtA thaa| __pASANa-pratimA ke dAga pragaTa karane ke lie nirmala kAMjI ke sAtha bela vRkSa kI chAla kA prayoga tathA pAnI ke sAtha chile hue garI ke gole ko pratimA para ragar3ane se rekhAoM kI jAnakArI ho jAtI thI va ho jAtI hai| jinabimba pratiSThA evaM mandira nirmANa meM jyotiSIya gaNanAoM kA bhI ullekha hai tathA yaha bhI likhA hai ki jyotiSa sambandhI muhUrtAdika kA pratiSThA meM kisI bhI prakAra kA ullaMghana nahIM karanA cAhie, yathA-dakSiNAyana, guru asta, zukra asta, mala mAsa, azubha yoga meM pratiSThA kArya nahIM karanA-karAnA caahie| zubha-tithi, zubha-lagna, zubhavAra, zubha-nakSatra meM hI kArya kA zubhArambha zreyaskara hotA hai| jinabimba kA mApa jinabimba kA mApa tAla se kiyA jAtA hai, jisa pratimA kA mApa karanA ho, usa pratimA ke 12 aMgula eka tAla ke barAbara hotA hai| 1. trilokasAra-AcArya nemicandra svAmI ke anusAra 10 tAla 2. vAstusAra-Thakkurapheru ke anusAra 9 tAla 3. dhavalA grantha-AcArya puSpadanta bhUtabali ke anusAra devoM, manuSyoM evaM nArakiyoM kA utsedha kramazaH daza, nau evaM ATha tAla ke anusAra hotA hai| 338 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #348
4. pratiSThA pATha-AcArya jayasena ke anusAra bimba 9 tAla (108 aMgula) honA caahie| pratiSThA granthAnusAra jinabimba sundara aMgopAMga, kAnti va lAvaNya-sahita, vRddha va bAla avasthA se rahita, prasanna, saumya, zAnta svarUpa, zrIvatsa lakSaNa sahita, nakha-keza sahita, samacaturasra saMsthAna se yukta, vairAgya aura tapa kI digambara-mudrA-sahita, padmAsana evaM kAyotsarga-mudrA-sahita anya nAnA prakAra ke AsanoM se rahita, aSTaprAtihAryayukta, nAsAgra sthita avikArI dRSTi, zubha lakSaNa sahita evaM raudrAdi bAraha doSoM se rahita, dAga evaM pratikUla rekhAoM rahita hotA hai| arhanta evaM siddha bimba meM antara arhanta bimba sundara aMgopAMga sahita, digambara svarUpa vAlA aSTaprAtihArya evaM cihna sahita hotA hai| siddha bimba aSTa prAtihArya evaM cihna rahita hotA hai| donoM hI bimba rUpa hote haiM, tabhI unake Upara saMskArAropaNa evaM mantranyAsa kI kriyA kiyA jAnA sambhava hotA hai| __ samAMgula-pratimA pratiSThA yogya nahIM hotI hai, viSama mApa kI pratimA zreSTha hotI hai aura vaha pratiSThA ke yogya hotI hai| hInAMgI jinabimba kA phala jinabimba ke aMgopAMga uparyukta mApa ke anusAra hone caahie| beDaula, bhinnamApa, hInAMga yA adhikAMga kA prabhAva pratiSThAkAraka para par3atA hai| ataH pratiSThAkAraka ko jinabimba kA mApa anubhavI pratiSThAcArya se karAkara hI pratiSThA karAnA caahie| mUlanAyaka pratimA kA sUkSma parIkSaNa anivArya hai| hInAMgapratimA kA phala nimnAnusAra haivakranAsikA-duHkhakAraka vikRta netra-netra-vinAzaka hIna kaTi-AcArya-vinAzaka hIna Asana-Rddhi-avanAzaka Urdhvamukha-dhana-nAzakAraka vakra grIvA-svadeza-vinAzaka viSama Asana-vyAdhikAraka nyUnAdhika aMga-sva-para-pakSa ko kaSTa adhika aMga-zilpakAra kA nAza patalA udara-durbhikSakAraka pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 339 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #349
gAr3ha dRSTi-azubhakAraka UrdhvadRSTi-bhAryAnAza bar3A udara-udara-rogakAraka hIna aMsa-putra-nAzakAraka aMga choTe hoM-kSayakAraka choTA mukha-bhoga-vinAzaka hIna jaMghA-putra-mitra-vinAzaka hIna hasta evaM caraNa-dhana-kSayakAraka adhomukha-cintAkAraka U~cA-nIcA mukha-videza gamana anyAya ke dhana se nirmita-duSkAla-kAraka raudra rUpa-bimba nirmAtA kA nAza durbala aMga-dravya kA nAza tirachI dRSTi-apUjanIya-virodhakAraka adhodRSTi-vighnakAraka-putranAza netrarahita-netra-nAzakAraka hInAdhika hRdaya-hRdaya-rogakAraka khaNDita jinabimba kA phala rathotsava, vimAnotsava evaM anya nitya anuSThAnoM meM dhAtu ke bimba hI sthApita karanA caahie| pASANa yA komala sandhi vAle jinabimba sthApita nahIM karanA caahie| khaNDita pratimA kA prabhAva vyakti ke parivAra ke sAtha-sAtha samAja tathA pUjaka para bhI par3atA hai| isalie khaNDita aMga kI pratimA ko mUlanAyaka ke rUpa meM virAjamAna nahIM karanA caahie| nakha khaNDita hone para-zatrubhaya kAraka bAhu khaNDita hone para-bandhana kAraka caraNa khaNDita hone para-dravya kSayakAraka cihna khaNDita hone para-vAhana vinAzaka chatra khaNDita hone para-lakSmI vinAzaka kAna khaNDita hone para-bandhu vinAzaka aMguli khaNDita hone para-deza vinAzakAraka nAsikA khaNDita hone para-kula vinAzakAraka pAdapITha khaNDita hone para-svajana vinAzaka 340 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #350
parikara khaNDita hone para-sevaka vinAzaka zrIvatsa khaNDita hone para-sukha vinAzaka mUlanAyaka jinabimba kI dRSTi vedI nirmANa evaM vedI pratiSThA ke samaya pUrNa vidhi-vidhAna evaM mUlanAyaka pratimA kI dRSTi kA dhyAna rakhA jAnA anivArya hai| mUlanAyaka pratimA brahma sthAna evaM nAbhikendra ko chor3akara isa prakAra sthApita kareM ki dRSTi gaja-Aya se hokara bAhara nikle| yadi mUlanAyaka jinabimba kI dRSTi bAdhita hotI hai to pratiSThAkAraka, samAja aura nagara para pratikUla prabhAva par3atA hai| zrAvakoM ke svAsthya, vyApAra, udyoga, mAnasika sthiti sabhI prabhAvita hote haiN| Aya kA varNana vAstusAra, vasunandikRta pratiSThAsAra evaM prAsAda maNDana ke anusAra garbhagRha ke dvAra ke sAtaveM bhAga meM rahanA zubha mAnA hai| jinabimba dIvAra se saTAkara yA dIvAra ke andara banI vedI meM virAjamAna nahIM karanA cAhie, isakA pratikUla prabhAva par3atA hai| isa prakAra nirdoSa pratimA virAjamAna karake bhAva-sahita mana, vacana, kAya kI vizuddhipUrvaka darzana-pUjana karane vAle ko paramparA se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| kalyANaka tIryate saMsAra-sAgaro yena saH tIrthaH, tiirthNkr| saMsAra pAra hone vAle mArga ko karane vAle jIva ke garbha, janma, tapa, jJAna evaM mokSa ke avasara para devoM evaM manuSyoM dvArA vizeSa rUpa se manAye jAne vAle utsava vizeSa ko kalyANaka kahate haiM, inakI saMkhyA pA~ca hone se paMcakalyANaka kahalAte haiM, jinase bhavya jIvoM ke kalyANa (mokSamArga) kA patha prazasta hotA hai| tIrthaMkara sattA ko dhAraNa karane vAle jIva pUrva bA~dhI Ayu ke anusAra svarga yA naraka meM jAtA hai| vahA~ kI Ayu pUrNa kara tIrthaMkara rUpa meM paMcakalyANaka-pUrvaka mokSa (siddha avasthA) ko prApta karatA hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke atirikta anya jIva bhI saMyama evaM tyAga dvArA vedanA dene vAle karmoM se AtmA ko chur3Akara siddha-avasthA ko prApta kara siddhajIva kahalAte haiN| vaha punaH saMsAra meM nahIM Ae~ge; jaise dUdha, dahI evaM navanIta banakara apanI azuddhiyoM ko haTAkara ghI rUpa pariNata ho jAtA hai, vaha punaH dUdha-rUpa nahIM ho sakatA hai| jainetara bhAratIya dharmoM meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki aparAdha, atyAcAra evaM hiMsA bar3hane para bhagavAn hI mahApuruSa ke rUpa meM janma lekara avatarita hote haiM aura satpuruSoM kA saMrakSaNa karate haiN| yaha mAnyatA jaina paramparA meM svIkArya nahIM hai| pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 341 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #351
paMcakalyANaka kaba aura kitane jaina zAstroM ke anusAra kAla parivartana utsarpiNI evaM avasarpiNI rUpa hotA hai, jisake chaha bhAga hote haiN| avasarpiNI ke cauthe evaM utsarpiNI ke tIsare kAla meM karmabhUmi meM bharata evaM airAvata kSetra ke AryakhaNDa meM kramaza: 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke garbha, janma, tapa, jJAna evaM mokSa (nirvANa) rUpa paMcakalyANaka hote haiN| videha kSetra meM kAla-parivartana nahIM hone ke kAraNa hamezA cauthA kAla hI rahatA hai| jisake kAraNa kevalI evaM zruta kevalI kA sAnnidhya zramaNoM evaM zrAvakoM ko sadaiva milatA rahatA hai| isIlie vahA~ ke AryakhaNDa meM do, tIna evaM pA~ca kalyANaka vAle anya tIrthaMkara jIva hote haiN| jinabimba-pratiSThA-vidhi paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA meM upayoga meM Ane vAlI samasta sAmagrI navIna evaM utkRSTa honA caahie|vedii, maMDapa ke nirmANa se lekara indra-indrANiyoM ke vastra bhI navIna hone Avazyaka hai| sakalIkaraNa __ jinabimba pratiSThA kA zubhArambha saMyama-sAdhanA evaM Aya ke srota ke anusAra pAtroM kA cayana karake sarvaprathama jinAlaya kI mUlavedI ke samakSa pratiSThA-vidhi meM sammilita sabhI pAtroM kA sakalIkaraNa bAhya evaM antaraMga do prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai| bAhya sakalIkaraNa meM prANAyAma vidhi se kAyotsarga karake bhaktipATha karake vastra zuddhi, aMgazuddhi, aMganyAsa, amRtasnAna, rakSAmantra dvArA saMkalpasUtra evaM yajJopavIta dhAraNa karake kiyA jAtA hai| antaraMga sakalIkaraNa kI kriyA mana zuddhi, AlocanA pATha evaM pratikramaNa karake Avazyaka niyamoM ke sAtha saMskAra-vidhi dvArA sampanna kI jAtI hai| tatpazcAt mantroM dvArA kSetra-zuddhi, bhUmi-zuddhi, dik-zaddhi karate haiN| sakalIkaraNa hone ke pazcAt pAtra sUtaka kI azuddhi se prabhAvita nahIM hote haiN| japa-anuSThAna _anuSThAna kI sAnanda sampannatA ke lie mantra-ArAdhanA Avazyaka hai| zAntimantra, rakSAmantra athavA NamokAra mantra kA nizcita saMkalpa karake japa karate haiN| japakartAoM kA sakalIkaraNa karake unase jApa mantra kA zuddhoccAraNa karAkara, Avazyaka sAvadhAniyoM kA nirdeza dekara japa Arambha karate haiN| japa-nirApada, ucita-prakAza-yukta, jahA~ AvAgamana na ho, aise kakSa kI zuddhipUrvaka pUrvottara dizAbhimukha vinAyaka yantra virAjamAna karate haiN| sarvaprathama yantra abhiSeka evaM pUjA karake maMgalakalaza evaM akhaNDa dIpa sthApita 342 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #352
karake japa kA saMkalpa avadhipUrvaka karate haiN| japakartA zuddha dhotI dupaTTe meM sUryodaya se sUryAsta ke kAla meM japa ke doSoM kA parihAra karate hue japa karake anuSThAna kI saphalatA meM sahayogI hote haiN| japakartAoM ko vizvazAnti kalyANa kAmanA (havana) meM sammilita honA anivArya hai| mahilAoM ko mukhya jApa kakSa meM na biThAkara mandira prAMgaNa meM unakA sthAna nizcita karake japa karAte haiN| unakI jApa kI gaNanA pRthak se kI jAtI hai| sAmUhika japa meM samAja ke zrAvaka-zrAvikAe~, bAlaka-bAlikAe~ sabhI ko sammilita karanA caahie| dhvaja-sthApana-pratyeka anuSThAna kA zubhArambha zubhalagna, zubhatithi, zubhavAra, zubhayoga evaM zubhakaraNa meM dhvaja-sthApana dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| dhvaja-sthApana-kartA saMyamI, zrAvakocita caryA vAlA, deva-zAstra-guru ke prati zraddhAlu parivAra sahita ho| vaha zuddha dhotI dupaTTA pahinakara anuSThAna kriyAe~ sampAdita kre| dhvaja-sthala vedI ke ThIka sAmane banAkara jApa, bhakti-pATha, yantra-pUjA, dhvajapratiSThA-pUjA karake dhvaja-sthApana kriyA kreN| ___dhvaja-sthApana ke samaya dhvaja-sthala para caturnikAya devatAoM, zAsana-rakSaka devatAoM evaM kSetrarakSaka devatAoM kA AhvAna karake anuSThAna hetu AjJA prApta karate haiM, unase anuSThAna meM sammilita hokara puNyArjana karane evaM anuSThAna ko jinazAsana kI mahimA, garimA aura prabhAvanApUrvaka sampanna karane hetu nivedana karate haiN| ___dhvaja-sthApana sthala kI zuddhi mantrokta vidhi se vAyukumAra, meghakumAra evaM agnikumAra jAti ke devoM ke mAdhyama se karake dhvaja-daNDa evaM dhvaja kI zuddhi karake maMgala-kalaza evaM dIpaka sthApita kiyA jAtA hai| dhvaja-sthApana ke samaya dhvaja laharAne kI dizA se anuSThAna kI saphalatA kA saMketa milatA hai| yadi dhvaja viparIta dizA meM phaharAtA hai, to vRhat-zAnti-mantra, zAntividhAna karake zAnti-kriyA kI jAtI hai| ghaTa-yAtrA-nadI, sarovara yA kUpa ke taTa para devAjJApUrvaka jalamaNDala yantra ke mAdhyama se sAmAnya jala meM padma-mahApadmAdi evaM gaMgA, sindhu Adi nadiyoM ke jala kA mantra saMskAra karake pavitra karate haiN| pratyeka kalaza ko jala se zuddha karake, kalAvA veSTita kara, siddhArthA (pIlI sarasoM) puMga (supArI), haridrA (haldI gA~Tha) DAlakara 81 koSTha maNDala para sthApita karate haiN| tIrthamaNDala pUjA karake svarNa saubhAgyavatI bahinoM dvArA 81 mantroM dvArA kalaza-zuddhi, dikkanyAoM dvArA jala se paripUrNa kara samasta saubhAgyavatI mahilAoM evaM kanyAoM ko dekara ghaTa-yAtrA-julUsa anuSThAna sthala taka le jAte haiN| ___ vahA~ paMDAla, paMcakalyANaka vedI, mUla vedI, zruta vedI, anuSThAna vedI evaM havana kuNDoM kI zuddhi 81 mantroM dvArA karate haiN| mUla vedI kA dikkanyAoM, vAyukumAra, meghakumAra, agnikumAra evaM nAgakumAra jAti ke devoM ke mAdhyama se saMskAra karake bimba pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 343 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #353
sthApanA kI jAtI hai| indra-pratiSThA-pratiSThAvidhi meM sammilita hone vAle mukhya pAtroM evaM zeSa pAtroM kA sakalIkaraNa karake mantravidhi dvArA adhovastra (dhotI), dukUla (dupaTTA), hAra, mukuTa, mAlA, kaNThAbharaNa, kaMkaNa, bAjUbanda, kuNDala evaM karadhanI kA mantra-saMskAra karate haiM tathA anuSThAna-paryanta ke lie Avazyaka niyama dekara, deva-zAstra-guru kI sAkSIpUrvaka saMkalpa karake indra-pratiSThA kI jAtI hai| ___maNDapa-pratiSThA-pratiSThA vidhi ke lie yAga-maNDala vedI para ratnacUrNa evaM raMgolI se banAe gaye maNDala para evaM maNDapa meM mukhya pAtroM dvArA mantra-vidhi se caturnikAya deva evaM dikpAloM kA AhvAna zrIphala evaM puSpoM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| maNDala para dizA evaM vidizA meM laghupatAkA sthApita karake yantra, maMgala-kalaza evaM maMgaladIpa kI sthApanA karate haiN| maNDapa ko rakSAsUtra dvArA veSTita karake maNDapa-pratiSThA kI jAtI hai| ___nAndI-vidhAna-bimba pratiSThA vidhi meM tIrthaMkara ke mAtA-pitA kA svarNa saubhAgyavatI mahilAoM ke dvArA maMgala snAna, ubaTana Adi se karAkara unakA svasti-vAcana, maMgalatilaka, paTTabandhana, hAra-mukuTa pahanAkara tIrthaMkara ke vaMza meM gotra-parivartana kiyA jAtA hai| isake pazcAt vaha gRha-kAryoM se virata hokara paMcakalyANaka kI kriyAoM meM saMlagna rheNge| unheM ghara meM hone vAle sUtaka kA doSa nahIM lgegaa| yAgamaMDala-vidhAna-jinabimba-pratiSThA, vedI-pratiSThA, kalazArohaNa evaM dhvajArohaNa kI anuSThAna-vidhi meM yAgamaNDala-vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai| AcArya jayasena svAmI ne 'pratiSThApATha' grantha meM 9 valaya kA maNDala banAkara yAga-maNDala vidhAna karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| prathama valaya meM-paMcaparameSThI, cAroM maMgala, uttama evaM zaraNa kI 17 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| dvitIya valaya meM-bhUtakAlIna 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI 24 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| tRtIya valaya meM vartamAnakAlIna 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI 24 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| caturtha valaya meM-bhaviSyatkAlIna 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI 24 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| paMcama valaya meM vidyamAna 20 tIrthaMkaroM kI 20 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| SaSTha valaya meM-AcArya parameSThI ke 36 mUlaguNoM kI 36 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| saptama valaya meM-upAdhyAya parameSThI ke 25 mUlaguNoM kI 25 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| aSTama valaya meM-sAdhu parameSThI ke 28 mUlaguNoM kI 28 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| navama valaya meM-RddhidhArI munirAjoM kI 48 aryoM se aaraadhnaa| anta meM jinadharma, jinAgama, jinacaitya evaM caityAlayoM kI ArAdhanA karake jayamAlApUrvaka vidhAna kI pUrNatA kI jAtI hai| 344 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #354
garbhakalyANaka ___ maMgalASTaka, digbandhana, paMcakalyANaka stotra, bhaktipATha evaM mAtRkA, surendra-mantra kI jApa sampanna kreN| pratimA-AkAra-zuddhi-SaTkoNa zilA para sthApita karake vibhinna kvAthoM, sarvauSadhi, ubaTana evaM puSpa kSepaNa dvArA karate haiN| maMjUSA-(kA~ca kI peTikA) kI zuddhi jala, sarvauSadhi evaM candana dvArA karake tIrthaMkaroM kI mA~ ke garbha kA saMskAra puSpoM dvArA karate haiN| ___ garbhAvataraNa-nandyAvarta-svastika-sthApana, candana kI bhadrAsana-sthApana, mAtRkA-yantra kI sthApanA, surendra-yantra kI sthApanA zrI, hrI Adi deviyoM se karAte haiN| ___ -ardharAtri meM kezara se bimba kA limpana kara use saudharma indra maMjUSA meM pazcima mukha sthApita karake vastra dvArA maMjUSA kA AcchAdana karake karate hai| - zeSa bimboM kI sampUrNa kriyA vidhinAyaka-jaisI karake unheM alaga-alaga kapar3oM se veSTita karake garbhAvataraNa kI mantrAnuSThAna-vidhi karate haiN| -kubera indra mAtA ke mahala meM bhogopabhoga kI sAmagrI sthApita karake ratnavRSTi karatA hai| anta meM zAntipATha par3hakara kArya pUrNa karate haiN| janmakalyANaka garbhakalyANaka pUjA karake paMcakalyANaka stotra-digbandhana, rucakavara dvIpa kI deviyoM kI mantra-saMskAra vidhi karate haiN| janmakriyA-maMjUSA para puSpakSepaNa karake janma kI yogyatA kA saMskAra karanA, vastra apanayana, mantrapUrvaka zubha lagna meM bimba ko maMjUSA se nikAlakara bhadrAsana evaM yantroM para bAhara virAjamAna karanA", zaMkha, ghaMTA, turahI Adi vAdyayantroM kA vAdana evaM tIna dIpaka jalAkara avadhijJAna kA saMketa karake janma-kriyA karate haiN| janmAtizaya AropaNa-rucakavara dvIpa kI deviyA~ bimba kA sparza karate hue mantrapUrvaka puSpakSepaNa kara janma ke atizaya kI sthApanA karatI haiN| navalabdhi Adi saMskArAropaNa-deviyoM dvArA puSpoM se mantra dvArA sthApanA karate haiN| vardhamAnacaritra kI sthApanA-vardhamAna yantra ko sthApita karake vardhamAna mantra se puSpoM dvArA saMskAra karate haiN| janmAbhiSeka-tIrthaMkara bAlaka ke janma hote hI saudharma indra kA siMhAsana kampAyamAna hotA hai, vaha zaci ke sAtha 1 lAkha yojana kI avagAhanA vAle airAvata hAthI para ArUr3ha hokara ayodhyA nagarI meM AtA hai, vahA~ zaci dvArA mAtA ko mAyAmayI nidrA meM sulAkara mAyAmayI bAlaka rakhakara prasUti gRha se bimba lAkara indra ko sauMpatI hai, indra bimba pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 345 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #355
kA sahasrAkSadarzana karake usa bimba ko airAvata para baiThAkara pAMDuka zilA para le jAkara 1008 kalazoM se janmAbhiSeka karate haiN| zRMgAra- zaci-indrANi vilepana karake parimArjana kara vastrAbharaNa dvArA alaMkaraNa karake aMjana-saMskAra karatI hai| ___ stuti-AratI-saudharma indra sahasranAmoM se stuti karatA hai tathA zaci-indrANi ratnadIpoM se maMgala-AratI karatI hai| amRta-sthApana saudharma indra bAlaka jinabimba ke pA~va ke aMgUThoM meM amRta-sthApana karatA hai, jisase saMketa milatA hai ki tIrthaMkara bAlaka a~gUThA cUsakara vRddhi karatA hai| vaha mA~ kA stanapAna nahIM karatA hai| pAlanA-utsavapUrvaka tIrthaMkara bAlaka ko susajjita pAlane meM biThAkara dolana kriyA krnaa| bAlakrIr3A-devakumAroM ke sAtha vibhinna prakAra kI zikSAprada bAla lIlAe~ krnaa| tapa-kalyANaka rAjyatilaka-yauvana avasthA hone para saudharma indra ke sahayoga se bimba rUpa AdikumAra yuvarAja kA nandA, sunandA rAjakumAriyoM se sAMketika pANigrahaNa sNskaar| asi, masi, kRSi, zilpa, vidyA, vANijya dvArA jIvana-yApana kI zikSA dekara jiiv-sNrkssnn| saudharma dvArA rAjyAbhiSeka evaM rAjatilaka-kriyA-sampAdana, mahAmaNDalezvara, maNDalezvara tathA mukuTabaddha rAjAoM kA niyojana kara rAjanIti evaM sAmAjika zAbdika daNDa-vyavasthA kA saMketa krnaa| vairAgya-bimba ko nIlAMjanA ke nRtya karate-karate Ayu pUrNa hone ke nimitta se vairAgya, laukAntika devoM dvArA vairAgyavardhana evaM puSpAMjali-samarpaNa, sabhI putroM ko rAjya sauMpakara parivAra ko sambodhita karake dIkSA pAlakI meM AkAzamArga se vana-gamana kA sNket| dIkSA- vaTavRkSa ke nIce candrakAnta zilA para pUrva dizA meM AsIna ho vastrAbhUSaNa tyAgakara 'namaH siddhebhyaH' kahate hue munirAja dvArA paMcamuSThi kezalauMca, sarvAMga para bIjAkSaroM kA svarNa-zalAkA dvArA aaropnn| 48 mantroM dvArA nirvANa avasthA taka ke saMskAra lavaMga dvArA karake picchI kamaNDalu kA samarpaNa karake use vana meM sAdhanA hetu bimba sthApana krnaa| cAra battI vAlA dIpaka jalAkara cauthe mana:paryaya-jJAna-prApti kA sNket| jJAnakalyANaka AhAra dAna-tIrthaMkara bhagavAna binA AhAra liye nirvANa prApta nahIM krte| AhAradAtA 346 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #356
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dAna - tIrtha kA pravartana karatA hai tathA niyama se mokSa jAtA hai| AhAra ke pazcAt paMcAzcarya hote haiN| guNasthAna ArohaNa - jinabimba kI AhAracaryA paMcAzcaryapUrvaka karAkara vana meM sAdhanA hetu sthApita karake mAtRkA - yantra, bodhi- samAdhi yantra, puSpoM evaM arghyaM dvArA guNasthAnaArohaNa - saMskAra karate haiM / adhivAsanA - terahaveM guNasthAna kI vidhi meM parade ke bhItara adhivAsanA kriyA pUjA dvArA Arambha karake jala kI 108 mantroM dvArA dhArA, candana, akSata evaM puSpoM kA samarpaNa karake munirAja dvArA haiM akSara dvArA tilaka nyAsa, vibhinna aMgoM para mantranyAsa, puSpoM dvArA adhivAsanA mantra - saMskAra, svasti - mantra - saMskAra, yavamAlA, madanaphala evaM saptadhAnya kA saMskAra kareM, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa, phala evaM arghya kA samarpaNa karake karma-kSaya kI zakti-AropaNa tatpazcAt paradA haTAkara mukhodghATana - vidhi karate haiM / dravya nayanonmIlana- nayanonmIlana - yantra sthApita karake ghRta, dugdha, mizrI, candana ke dvArA bimba kI A~khoM meM svarNazalAkA dvArA nayanonmIlana (jJAna - cakSu - kholanA) sabhI bimboM meM karate haiM / kevalajJAna- AcArya parameSThI candra- kalA, sUrya- kalA, prANa-pratiSThA evaM sUrimantroM ke saMskAra pUrNata: ekAnta meM karake apanI tapaH- zakti se bimboM meM bhagavatsattA kA AropaNa karate haiM / mantra kriyA pUrNa hote hI 5 battI vAlA dIpa prajvalita karake zaMkhanAda, ghaNTAnAda, turahI - nAda evaM siMha - nAda karake kevalajJAna kI sUcanA sabhI ko dete haiN| bimboM meM ananta catuSTaya, navalabdhiyoM, kevalajJAna ke 10 atizayoM evaM devakRta 14 atizayoM kI sthApanA mantroM dvArA karake siddhayantra evaM mokSamArga yantra kI sthApanA karate haiM 1 digambara paramparA meM nagna digambara pratimA kI pratiSThA kI paramparA hai| jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA meM rAjasI - vezabhUSA - yukta pratimA pratiSThA ke yogya mAnI jAtI hai| digambara paramparA meM pratiSThA - vidhi meM sUryamantra kI pradhAnatA hai / vahIM zvetAmbara paramparA meM aMjana - zalAkA - vidhi kI mukhyatA hai / samavasaraNa - 8 bhUmi evaM 12 sabhAvAle samavasaraNa meM cAra bimboM kI sthApanA cAroM dizAoM meM karake AcArya zrI gaNadhara rUpa meM deva, manuSya evaM tiryaMcoM ko sAta tattva, nava padArtha, paMcAstikAya, zramaNa- zrAvaka dharma, dazalakSaNa dharma rUpa upadeza dete haiM 189 kevalajJAna kI pUjA ke pazcAt samavasaraNa (dharma - sabhA) kA visarjana karate haiM / mokSakalyANaka nirvANa - prAtaH zubha lagna meM kailAza parvata para bimba virAjamAna karake puSpoM dvArA pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 347 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #357
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org nirvANa kI yogyatA Aropita karate haiM / zukladhyAna ke tRtIya evaM caturtha caraNa kI ardhyAvalI karake a, i, u, R, lR paMca laghu-akSara uccAraNa- mAtra ke samaya meM aghAtiyA karmoM kI 72 evaM 13 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya batAkara bimba ko mantrapUrvaka uThAkara karpUra prajvalita kara nirvANa kA saMketa karate haiM / saudharma indra AnandakUTa nATaka dvArA mRtyu- mahotsava manAtA hai| agnikumAra deva ke mukuToM se prajvalita agni se mAyAmayI zarIra kA antima saMskAra karate haiM / nirvANa - kalyANaka - pUjA karake vizvazAnti - havana dvArA samApana karate haiN| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vizvazAnti kalyANa kAmanA mahAyajJa ( havana) dhArmika anuSThAna kI sAnanda saphalatA ke lie kiye gae jApa ke saMkalpa kI dazAMza AhutiyA~ " dekara vizvazAnti kI kAmanA kI jAtI hai / 93 kruddhASIrviSa- daSTa- durjaya-viSajvAlAvalI- vikramo / vidyA- bheSaja-mantra-toya havanairyAti prazAntiM yathA / / havana kA uddezya sapta parama sthAna kI prApti bhI hai| sajjAtiH sadgRhitvaM ca pArivrAjyaM surendratA / sAmrAjyaM paramArhantyaM paranirvANamityapi / / sajjAti, sadgRhastha, saMnyAsa, saudharmapada, cakravartIpada, arhantapada, nirvANa sapta parama sthAna haiN| pIThikAmantra, jAtimantra, nistArakamantra, RSimantra, surendramantra, paramarAjamantra evaM parameSThI - mantra, - isa prakAra sAta Ahuti -mantra haiM / vaijJAnika bhI vanaspatiyoM, jar3IbUTiyoM evaM ghI se kiye hue havana ko paryAvaraNazuddhi kA kAraka svIkAra karate haiM / vedI pratiSThA - ghaTayAtrA dvArA 81 mantroM se vedI zuddhi; vedI saMskAra vidhi karake pratiSThA - sthala se julUsa pUrvaka jinAlaya meM bimboM ko lAkara mUla vedI meM acalayantra, svastika, paMcaratna evaM pArada kI sthApanA karake mantrapUrvaka mUlanAyaka jinabimba ko acala rUpa meM virAjamAna karake vedI meM vandanavAra, sUtrabandhana, aSTaprAtihArya, aSTamaMgala dravya sthApanA, kalaza evaM dhvajA lagAkara vedI pratiSThA vidhi karate haiM / yaha bimba aba kabhI bhI vedI se uThAyA nahIM jaaegaa| zeSa bimboM ko sAmAnya rUpa se siMhAsana meM virAjamAna karate haiM I zikhara-pratiSThA - jinabimba sthApanA ke pazcAt 21 kalazoM dvArA zikhara zuddhi karake 7 naga vAle kalaza ke eka-eka naga kI sthApanA evaM pUjA karate hue antima kalaza meM AkAzayantra DAlakara sthApita karate haiM, phira mantra - - pUrvaka dhvajA kA ArohaNa karake mandira meM havana-pUrvaka zikhara pratiSThA kA kArya pUrNa karate haiM / 348 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #358
yantra-pratiSThA-dazalakSaNa, SoDazakAraNa, bhaktAmara, kalyANa-mandira evaM zrutaskandha Adi kI ArAdhanA yantroM dvArA kI jAtI hai| jinabimba-pratiSThA-vidhi kI taraha hI yantroM kI zuddhi evaM pratiSThA kI jAtI hai| pASANa, svarNa, rajata, tAmrapatra para bIjAkSara aMka evaM vizeSa AkRtiyoM ko ukerakara jala, sauSadhi, abhiSeka, zAntidhArA dvArA zuddhi karake keshr| puSpa evaM pIlI sarasoM kA mantra-pUrvaka prayoga karake yantra-pratiSThA-vidhi karate haiM, tabhI yantra pUjyatA ko prApta hote haiN| ___ caraNa-pratiSThA-tIrthaMkaroM kA nirvANa hote hI saudharma indra usa nirvANa kSetra para tIrthaMkaroM ke caraNa cihna (caraNa kA talave vAlA bhAga jisameM rekhAe~ bhI spaSTa banAyI jAtI haiM) sthApita karatA hai| usa kSetra ko siddha-kSetra kahA jAtA hai| usI paramparA meM tIrthaMkaroM, AcAryoM evaM munirAjoM ke caraNa kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai| caraNa-pratiSThA meM caraNoM kI zuddhi, jala, kezara evaM puSpoM se saMskAra-vidhi dvArA karate haiN| digambara paramparA meM jahA~ talave vAle caraNa cihna pUjya mAne jAte haiN| vahIM zvetAmbara paramparA meM nakha, veSThita Upara vAlA bhAga caraNa rUpa meM pUjya mAnA gayA hai| jinabimba pratiSThA meM mantra, yantra evaM tantra kA mahattva bimbapratiSThA vidhi meM pASANa evaM dhAtu bimboM meM ArAdhya ke guNoM kA AropaNa evaM saMskAra mantra UrjA (zakti) se kiyA jAtA hai| mantra-zakti kA AropaNa vibhinna bIjAkSaroM ke vizeSa vinyAsa yathA -pRthvI bIja, jala bIja, vAyu bIja, agni bIja, vyoma bIja, bIjAkSaroM se AkarSaNa, sammohana, vazIkaraNa, uccATana, zAntika evaM pauSTika rUpa mantroM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| isa mantra kI zakti para jahA~ zilpI kI saMyamasAdhanA, ekAgratA, samarpaNa evaM anubhava (kAryakuzalatA) kA prabhAva hotA hai, vahIM pASANa kI saMracanA, raMga, nirdoSatA kA prabhAva bhI hotA hai| mantra-zakti zubhalagna, tithi, vAra Adi ke sAtha pratiSThA-pAtroM kI zuddhi-vizuddhi evaM bhAvanAtmaka zraddhA, pratiSThAcArya vidvAn kI saMyama-sAdhanA evaM mantra pradAtA AcArya/ muni kI tapa:zakti prabhAva DAlatI hai| mantra-saMskAra bIjAkSaroM kA bimba ke sarvAMga para AropaNa (aMganyAsa evaM mantranyAsa) siddhArthA, kuMkuma raMjita akSata, lavaMga, vibhinna kvAtha, sarvauSadhi, ubaTana, saptadhAnya, madanaphala, yavamAlA, svarNazalAkA, rajata evaM tAmra-yantra Adi se kiyA jAtA hai, yaha tantra-kriyA kahalAtI hai| yaha tantra-kriyA mantroccAraNa, hastasparzana, sAmagrIsamarpaNa, jaladhArA, lavaMga evaM siddhArthA kSepaNa karake kI jAtI hai| garbhakalyANaka se dIkSAkalyANaka ke pUrva taka kI tantra evaM mantra kriyA dikkanyAoM, zaci, indrANi, saudharmendra evaM pratiSThAcArya dvArA kI jAtI hai| pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 349 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #359
dIkSA-kriyA se kevalajJAna (bhagavat sattA) kI kriyA mantranyAsa evaM guNAropaNa gUr3ha mantroM dvArA munirAja dvArA kI jAtI hai, jisameM zrAvakoM kA praveza bhI niSiddha hotA hai| bimba para jaise-jaise mantrAropaNa evaM guNAropaNa hotA hai| bimba meM UrjA ghanIbhUta hone lagatI hai, bimba ke AbhAmaNDala kA vistAra hone lagatA hai| binA mantra, tantra evaM yantra ke bimba-pratiSThA sambhava nahIM hai, inake dvArA hI bimba meM guNAropaNa se pUjyatA AtI hai, UrjA kI saghanatA se bimba ke sAmane zraddhA evaM samarpaNa kI bhAvanApUrvaka kI gayI dhyAna evaM bhakti sAMsArika du:khoM se chuTakArA dilAne meM sakSama hotI hai| dIkSA evaM kevalajJAna kriyA meM bimba ke sarvAMga para kiye gae aMkanyAsa evaM mantranyAsa kA hI prabhAva hai, jo jinabimba ke abhiSeka kA jala (gandhodaka) camatkArI ho jAtA hai, jisase kuSTha jaise rogoM kA bhI zamana ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra mAntrika evaM tAntrika kriyAe~ jinabimba pratiSThA kA mahattvapUrNa aMga haiN| pratiSThA vidhi meM Avazyaka mantra, yantra, bhakti evaM maNDala pratiSThA meM upayogI yantroM kI sUcI 1.vinAyaka yantra 2.siddha yantra 3.jalamaNDala yantra 4.acala yantra 5.navadeva yantra 6.agnimaNDala yantra 7.mAtRkA yantra 8.surendra yantra 9.vardhamAna yantra 10.bodhi samAdhi yantra 11.nayanonmIlana yantra 12.mokSamArga yantra 13.nirvANa sampattikara yantra 14.AkAza maNDala yantra pratiSThA meM upayogI maNDaloM kI sUcI 1.paMcaparameSThI maNDala 2.navadeva maNDala 350 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #360
3.yAgamaNDala 4.bhaktAmara maNDala pratiSThA meM upayogI mantra-sUcI 1.zAnti mantra 2.rakSA mantra 3.mAtRkA mantra 4.bRhat zAnti mantra 5.bhUmijAgaraNa mantra 6.acala mantra 7.surendra mantra 8.vardhamAna mantra 9.bodhi-samAdhi mantra 10.nayanonmIlana mantra 11.siddhacakra mantra 12.candrakalA mantra 13.sUryakalA mantra 14.prANapratiSThA mantra 15.sUri-mantra 16.gaNadhara-valaya mantra 17.nirvANa-sampatkara mantra pratiSThA meM upayogI bhaktiyoM kI sUcI 1.siddhabhakti 2.zrutabhakti 3.AcAryabhakti 4.cAritrabhakti 5.caityabhakti 6.tIrthaMkarabhakti 7.yogibhakti 8.nirvANabhakti 9.zAntibhakti 10.samAdhibhakti pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 351 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #361
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jaina pratiSThA-sAhitya jaina pratimA vijJAna : zrI bAlacandra jaina, prakAzaka madanamahala janarala sTorsa, jabalapura pratiSThAkalpa : AcArya akalaMka svaamii| pratiSThA ratnAkara : paM. gulAbacandra 'puSpa', sampAdaka : DaoN. darabArIlAla jI koThiyA, bra. jaya kumAra jaina 'nizAnta' prakAzaka : zrI 1008 mahAvIra jinAlaya prIta vihAra, jainasamAja, dillI, 1998 ii.| pratiSThA pATha : AcArya jayasena, prakAzaka : hIrAcandra nemacandra doSI, vI.ni. saM. 2452 / pratiSThA sAroddhAra : paM. AzAdhara jI, saMkalana : paM. mohanalAla zAstrI, prakAzaka : zrI jaina grantha uddhAraka kAryAlaya, bambaI, vi.saM. 1974 / pratiSThA pradIpa : paM. nAthUlAla jaina zAstrI, prakAzaka : vIra nirvANa grantha samiti, gommaTagiri, indaura, 1990 ii.| pratiSThA sAra saMgraha : saMkalana : bra. zItalaprasAda jI, prakAzaka : di. jaina pustakAlaya, sUrata vi. saM. 2019 / pratiSThA candrikA : saMkalaka : zrI zivarAma jI pAThaka, prakAzaka : devendra kumAra jaina, rAMcI, saMvat 2017 / | ___ pratiSThA-vidhidarpaNa : AcArya kunthusAgara, prakAzaka : digambara jaina kuMthuvijaya granthamAlA samiti, jayapura ___mandira-vedI pratiSThA : saMkalaka : DaoN. darabArIlAla jI koThiyA, prakAzaka : gaNeza varNI digambara jaina zodha saMsthAna, vaaraannsii|| pratiSThA parAga : sampAdaka : bra. jayakumAra nizAnta, prakAzaka : paM. mannUlAla jaina pratiSThAcArya smRti TrasTa evaM akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina zAstrI pariSad, puSpa bhavana, TIkamagar3ha, varSa-2011 ii.| tIrthaMkara : paM. sumeracandra divAkara, prakAzaka : madana mahala janarala sTorsa, rAiTa TAuna, jabalapura (ma.pra.) sandarbha-grantha 1. SaTkhaNDAgama pustaka 6, AcArya puSpadanta bhUtavalI 2. pratiSThA pATha, AcArya jayasena 3. trilokasAra, AcArya nemicandra 4. umAsvAmI zrAvakAcAra, AcArya umAsvAmI 5. jaina pratimA vijJAna, paM. bAlacandra jaina 6. pratiSThAsAroddhAra, paM. AzAdhara 7. pratiSThAsAra saMgraha, paM. zItalaprasAda 8. pratiSThAratnAkara paM. gulAbacandra 'puSpa' 352 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #362
9. pratiSThApradIpa, paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 10. vAstusAra, Thakkura pherUmala 11. muhUrta gaNapati, devajJavarya gaNapati 12. vasunandI zrAvakAcAra, AcArya vasunandi 13. jinasarasvatI, muni prazAnta sAgara 14. jaina tattva vidyA, AcArya mAghanandi yogIndra, TIkA muni pramANasAgara 15. AdipurANa, AcArya jinasena 16. gommaTasAra, AcArya nemicandra . 17. trikAlavarti mahApuruSa 18. pratiSThA tilaka, nemicandra deva 19. pratiSThA parAga, bra. jayakumAra 'nizAnta' 20. harivaMzapurANa, AcArya jinasena 21. munisuvrata kAvya, kavivara arhaddAsa 22. tIrthaMkara, paM. sumeracandra divAkara 23. maMgalamantra NamokAraH eka anucintana, DaoN. nemicandra jyotiSAcArya 24. pratiSThA parAga, AcArya mAghanandi 25. saMskRta hindI koSa, zivarAma aaptte| pratiSThA vidhi evaM sAhitya :: 353 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #363
pUjA paramparA DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA jainadharma ke anusAra mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevala nAmaka jJAna ke pA~ca bheda haiN| inheM svArtha aura parArtha nAmaka do bhedoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| mati, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna sva-artha siddha haiM, jabaki parArtha jJAna kevala eka hai aura vaha bhI shrut| zruta kA prayoga zAstra ke artha meM hotA hai| bhAratIya dharma-sAdhanA meM vaidika, bauddha aura jainadharma samAhita hai| vaidika zAstroM ko veda, bauddha zAstroM ko piTaka tathA jaina zAstroM ko Agama kahA jAtA hai| jo hita aura ahita kA jJAna karAte haiM, ve Agama haiN| jaina zAstroM kA vargIkaraNa cAra anuyogoM-prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga, dravyAnuyoga-ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| jina zAstroM meM mahApuruSoM ke caritra dvArA puNyapApa ke phala kA varNana hotA hai aura anta meM vItarAgatA ko hitakara nirUpita kiyA jAtA hai, una zAstroM ko prathamAnuyoga kahate haiN| karaNAnuyoga ke zAstroM meM guNasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna Adi rUpa se jIva kA varNana hotA hai| isameM gaNita kA prAdhAnya hai, kyoMki gaNanA aura nAma kA yahA~ vyApaka varNana hotA hai| gRhastha aura muniyoM ke AcaraNaniyamoM kA varNana caraNAnuyoga ke zAstroM meM hotA hai| inameM subhASita, nIti-zAstroM kI paddhati mukhya hai, jIvoM ko pApa se mukta kara dharma meM pravRtta karanA inakA mUla prayojana hai| inameM prAyaH vyavahAra-naya kI mukhyatA se kathana kiyA jAtA hai| bAhyAcAra kA samasta vidhAna caraNAnuyoga kA mUla varNya viSaya hai| dravyAnuyoga meM Sadravya, saptatattva aura sva-para bheda-vijJAna kA varNana hotA hai| isa anuyoga kA prayojana vastu svarUpa kA saccA zraddhAna tathA sva-para bheda-vijJAna utpanna kara vItarAgatA prApta karane kI preraNA denA hai| jainadharma ke anusAra to yaha paripATI hai ki pahale dravyAnuyogAnusAra samyagdRSTi ho, phira caraNAnuyogAmusAra vratAdi dhAraNa kara vratI ho| pUjA-arcanA kA sambandha inhIM anuyogoM se hotA huA caraNAnuyoga ke zAstroM meM pallavita huA hai| drAvir3a tathA vaidika paramparA dvArA nirdiSTa sanmArga para bhAratIya jana samAja Arambha se hI pravahamAna hai| apane ArAdhya ke zrIcaraNoM meM bhakti-bhAvanA vyakta karane ke lie brAhmaNa zailI yajJa kA Ayojana karatI hai| zramaNa samAja meM pUjA kA vidhAna vyavasthita huA, jisameM puSpa kA kSepaNa ullekhanIya hai| bhAratIya saMskRti meM zramaNa saMskRti kA 354 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #364
pramukha sthAna hai| zramaNa saMskRti ke darzana, siddhAnta, dharma usake pravartakoM-tIrthaMkaroM tathA unakI paramparA kA mahanIya avadAna hai| Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva se lekara antima arthAt caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unake uttaravartI AcAryoM, upAsakoM ne AdhyAtmika vidyA kA prasAra kiyA hai, jise upaniSad sAhitya meM 'parA-vidyA' arthAt utkRSTa vidyA kahA gayA hai| tIrthakSetra, mandira, mUrtiyA~, granthAgAra, smAraka Adi sAMskRtika vibhava unhIM ke aTUTa prayatnoM se Aja saMrakSita haiM / isa upalabdha sAmagrI kA zrutadharAcArya, sArasvatAcArya, prabuddhAcArya aura paramparA poSakAcAryoM dvArA saMvarddhana hotA rahA hai| Atma-svarUpa meM ramaNa karanA vastutaH cAritra hai| moha, rAga, dveSa se rahita AtmA kA pariNAma sAmya bhAva hai, jise prApta karanA cAritra kA mUloddezya hai| cAritra-sAdhanA gRhastha se prArambha hotI hai| vivekavAna virakta citta aNuvratI gRhastha ko zrAvaka kahA gayA hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra zrAvaka ko tIna bhAgoM-pAkSika, naiSThika aura sAdhaka meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| pAkSika zrAvaka deva-zAstra-guru kA stavana karatA hai, sAtha hI use ratnatraya-samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra kA pAlana kara saptavyasanoM se virakta hokara aSTamUlaguNoM kA sthUla rUpa se anupAlana karanA caahie| jo gyAraha pratimA ko dhAraNa kara cAritra kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha vastuta: naiSThika zrAvaka kahalAtA hai aura jisameM vratapAlana kara anta meM samAdhimaraNa kI pravRtti vidyamAna rahatI hai, use sAdhaka zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai| saMsAra ke samasta prANI sukha cAhate haiM aura duHkha se bhayabhIta rahate haiN| duHkhoM se bacane ke lie AtmA ko samajhakara usameM lIna honA saccA upAya hai| munirAja apane puSTa puruSArtha dvArA AtmA kA sukha vizeSa prApta kara lete haiM aura gRhastha apanI bhUmikAnusAra aMzataH sukha prApta kara pAte haiM / ukta mArga meM calane vAle samyak dRSTi zrAvaka ke AMzika zuddha rUpa nizcaya Avazyaka ke sAtha-sAtha zubha vikalpa bhI Ate haiM, unheM vyavahAra Avazyaka kahate haiN| zrAvaka ke Avazyaka vyavahAra chaha prakAra ke batalAe gaye haiMsAmAyika, stavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna, utsrg| isa prakAra zrAvaka arthAt sadgRhastha ke lie dAna, pUjA Adi mukhya kArya haiN| inake abhAva meM koI bhI manuSya sadgRhastha nahIM bana paataa| munidharma meM dhyAna aura adhyayana karanA mukhya hai| inake binA munidharma kA pAlana karanA vyartha hai| yAga, yajJa, Rtu, pUjA, saparyA, ijyA, adhvara, makha aura maha, ye saba pUjAvidhi ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se chaha prakAra kI pUjA kA vidhAna hai| arahantAdi kA nAma uccAraNa karake vizuddha pradeza meM jo puSpa Adi kSepaNa kiye jAte haiM, vaha nAma pUjA kahalAtI hai| vastu vizeSa meM arhantAdi ke guNoM kA AropaNa karanA vastuta: sthApanA kahalAtI hai| sthApanA do prakAra kI hai-sadbhAva sthApanA aura asadbhAva sthaapnaa| AkAra vastu meM arahantAdi ke guNoM kA jo AropaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use sadbhAva sthApanA pUjA kahA pUjA paramparA :: 355 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #365
jAtA hai aura akSata varATaka arthAt kaur3I yA kamalagaTTA Adi meM apanI buddhi se yaha amuka devatA hai, aisA saMkalpa karake uccAraNa karanA asadbhAva sthApanA pUjA kahalAtI hai| jalAdi dravya se pratimAdi dravya kI jo pUjA kI jAtI hai, use dravya pUjA kahate haiM, dravya pUjA sacita, acita tathA mizrabheda se tIna prakAra kI kahI gayI hai| pratyakSa upasthita jinendra bhagavAna aura guru Adi kA yathAyogya pUjana karanA sacita pUjA hai| tIrthaMkara Adi ke zarIra kI aura kAgaja Adi para lipibaddha zAstra kI jo pUjA kI jAtI hai, vaha acita pUjA hai aura jo donoM kI pUjA kI jAtI hai, vaha mizra pUjA kahalAtI hai| jinendra bhagavAna kI janmakalyANaka bhUmi, niSkramaNa kalyANaka bhUmi, kevalajJAnotpatti sthAna,tIrtha cihna sthAna aura niSIdhikA arthAt nirvANabhUmiyoM meM pUrvokta prakAra se pUjA karanA vastutaH kSetra-pUjA kahalAtI hai| jisa dina tIrthaMkaroM ke paMcakalyANakagarbha, janma, tapa, jJAna tathA nirvANa hue haiM, bhagavAna kA abhiSeka kara nandIzvara parva Adi parvo para jina mahimA karanA kAla pUjA kahalAtI hai| mana se arhantAdi ke guNoM kA cintavana karanA bhAva pUjA kahalAtI hai| bhAvapUjA meM jo paramAtmA hai, vaha hI maiM hU~ tathA jo svAnubhava gamya maiM hU~, vahI paramAtmA hai, isalie maiM hI mere dvArA upAsanA kiye jAne yogya hU~, dUsarA koI anya nhiiN| isa prakAra hI ArAdhya-ArAdhaka bhAva kI vyavasthA hai| __ Agama zAstra paramparA ke AdhAra para pUjA kA pracalana zramaNa-saMskRti meM Arambha se hI rahA hai| zramaNa saMskRti sindhu, misra, bevIlona tathA roma kI saMskRtiyoM se kahIM adhika prAcIna hai| bhAgavatakAra vedavyAsa ne Adya manu svAyambhuva ke prapautra nAbhi ke putra RSabha ko digambara zramaNa aura UrdhvagAmI muniyoM ke dharma kA Adi pratiSThAtA mAnA hai| unake sau putroM meM se nau putra zramaNa muni bne| mohanajodar3o kI khudAI meM kucha aisI mohareM prApta huI haiM, jina para yoga mudrA meM kucha jaina mUrtiyA~ aMkita haiN| vahA~ para eka mohara aisI bhI milI hai, jisa para bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA citra khar3I mudrA arthAt kAyotsarga yogAsana meM citrita hai| kAyotsarga yogAsana kA ullekha vRSabha ke sambandha meM kiyA gayA hai| ye mUrtiyA~ pA~ca hajAra varSa purAnI haiM / isase prakaTa hotA hai ki sindhughATI ke nivAsI RSabhadeva kI bhI pUjA karate the aura usa samaya loka meM jainadharma bhI pracalita thaa| phalaka bAraha aura eka sau aThAraha AkRti sAta mArzala kRta mohana jodar3o kAyotsarga nAmaka yogAsana meM khar3e hue devatAoM ko sUcita karatI hai| yaha mudrA jaina yogiyoM kI tapazcaryA meM vizeSa rUpa se milatI hai, jaise mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM sthApita tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI mUrti meN| RSabha kA artha hai baila, jo AdinAtha kA lakSaNa hai| muhara saMkhyA epha.jI.eca. phalaka do para aMkita devamUrti meM eka baila hI banA hai, sambhava hai ki yaha RSabha hI kA pUrva rUpa ho| yadi aisA ho, to zaivadharma kI taraha jainadharma kA mUla bhI tAmra yugIna sindhu sabhyatA taka calA jAtA hai| isa prakAra Aja se pA~ca 356 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #366
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hajAra varSa pUrva bhagavAna RSabha devAdi kI pUjA karane kA ullekha milatA hai| zramaNa saMskRti meM namaskAra mantra anAdikAlIna mAnA jAtA hai / isa mantra meM paMca parameSThiyoM kI vandanA kI gayI hai pUjA kA Adima rUpa Namo arthAt namana, namaskArarUpa meM milatA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne 'samayasAra' meM 'vaMdittu' dvArA siddhoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai / iSTadeva, zAstra aura guru kA guNa-stavana vastutaH pUjA kahalAtA hai / mithyAtva, rAgadveSa Adi kA abhAva kara pUrNajJAna tathA sukhI honA hI iSTa hai| usakI prApti jise ho gayI, vahI vastutaH iSTadeva ho jAtA hai| ananta catuSTaya-sukha, darzana, jJAna, vIryake dhanI arhanta aura siddha bhagavAna hI iSTadeva haiM aura ve hI paramapUjya haiN| zAstra to sacce deva kI vANI hotI hai aura isIlie usameM mithyAtva rAga-dveSa Adi kA abhAva rahatA hai| vaha sacce sukha kA mArga-darzaka hone se sarvathA pUjya hai / nagna - digambara bhAvaliMgI guru bhI usI patha ke pathika vItarAgI santa hone se pUjya haiN| laukika dRSTi se vidyAguru, mAtA-pitA Adi bhI yathAyogya AdaraNIya evaM sammAnanIya haiM, parantu unake rAga-dveSa Adi kA pUrNataH abhAva na hone se mokSamArga kI mahimA nahIM hai, astu unheM pUjya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / aSTadravya se pUjanIya to vItarAga sarvajJa deva, vItarAgI mArga ke nirUpaka zAstra tathA nagna - digambara bhAva-liMgI guru hI haiN| jJAnI jIva laukika lAbha kI dRSTi se bhagavAna kI ArAdhanA nahIM karatA hai / usameM to sahaja hI bhagavAna ke prati bhakti kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai / jisa prakAra dhana cAhane vAle ko dhanavAna kI mahimA Aye binA nahIM rahatI, usI prakAra vItarAgatA ke sacce upAsaka arthAt mukti ke pathika ko muktAtmAoM ke prati bhakti kA bhAva AtA hI hai / jJAnI bhakta sAMsArika sukha kI kAmanA nahIM karate, para zubhabhAva hone se unheM puNya-bandha avazya hotA hai aura puNyodaya ke nimitta se sAMsArika bhoga- sAmagrI bhI unheM prApta hotI hai, para unakI dRSTi meM usakA koI mUlya nahIM / pUjA - bhakti kA saccA lAbha to viSaya- kaSAya se sarvathA bacanA hai| zrAvaka athavA sudhI sAmAjika arthAt sadgRhastha kI dainika jIvana-caryA Avazyaka SaTkarmoM se anuprANita huA karatI hai| ina SaTkarmoM meM devapUjA, gurusevA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa tathA dAna zrAvaka ke dainika Avazyaka kartavya meM devapUjA kA sthAna sarvopari hai / rAga pracura hone se gRhasthoM ke lie jinapUjA vastutaH pradhAnadharma hai| zraddhA aura prema tattva ke samIkaraNa se bhakti kA janma hotA hai| zraddhA-bhakti evaM anurAga ke mizraNa se pUjA kI utpatti hotI hai| jina jinAgama, tapa tathA zruta meM pArAyaNa AcArya meM sadbhAva vizuddhi se sampanna anurAga vastutaH bhakti kahalAtA hai| pUjA ke antaraMga meM bhakti kI bhUmikA prAyaH mahattvapUrNa hai / jainadharma kA merudaNDa jJAna hai| jJAna prApta karane ke lie bhakti eka Avazyaka sAdhana hai / bhakti mana kI vaha nirmala dazA hai, jisameM deva-tattva kA mAdhurya mana ko apanI ora AkRSTa karatA hai| jaba anurAga strI vizeSa ke lie na rahakara prema, rUpa aura tRpti kI samaSTi kisI divya tattva ke lie ho jAye, to T pUjA paramparA :: 357 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #367
vahI bhakti kI sarvottama manodazA hai| bhakti vastutaH anubhava-siddha sthiti kA apara nAma hai| bhakta meM jaba isa sthiti kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, taba usake jIvana, vicAra tathA AcAra-paddhati meM prAyaH parivartana dikhane lagate haiN| jJAna-prAptyartha pUjaka bhagavAna jinendra kI pUjA karatA hai| jaina bhakti meM zraddhA tattva kI bhUmikA ullekhanIya hai| jinendra bhagavAna meM zraddhA rakhane kA artha hai apanI AtmA meM anurAga utpanna krnaa| yahI vastutaH siddhatva kI sthiti hai| jainadharma meM sAdhuoM aura sudhI zrAvakoM kI nitya kI caryAprayoga meM Ane vAlI bhakti bhAvanA ko dasa anubhAgoM-siddha, zruta, cAritra, yogI, AcArya, paMcaparameSThi, tIrthaMkara, caitya, samAdhi, vIra-meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta nirvANabhakti, nandIzvara-bhakti aura zAnti-bhakti kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| navadhA bhakti bhI sAdhujanoM ke AhAra-dAna ke samaya vyavahAra meM pracalita hai| jaina bhakti meM nirAkAra AtmA aura vItarAga bhagavAna ke svarUpa meM jo tAdAtmya vidyamAna hai| vaha anyatra prAyaH sulabha nahIM hai| jainadharma meM siddhabhakti ke rUpa meM niSkala brahma evaM tIrthaMkara bhakti meM sakala brahma kA kevala vivecana hetu pRthak ullekha avazya milatA hai| anyathA donoM meM samAnatA hai| bhakta athavA pUjaka kI mAnyatA hai ki unakI vandanA athavA bhakti se parama zuddhi tathA samyak jJAna prApta hotA hai| kevalajJAna prApta hone para amita Ananda kI anubhUti huA karatI hai ! jaina bhakti meM bhakta ke sammukha nivRttimUlaka zuddhopayoga kA uccAdarza vidyamAna rahatA hai| vaha nirarthaka AvAgamana se mukti pAne ke lie arhanta deva ke divya guNoM kA cintavana karatA hai aura pUjA-pATha ke dvArA aSTa dravyoM se vasu-karmoM ke kSayArtha zubha saMkalpa karatA hai| isake dvArA kramazaH aSTadravya kA kSepaNa kara amuka-amuka karma tyAgane kA saMkalpa kiyA jAtA hai| jaina bhakti meM bhagavAna se kisI prakAra kI sAMsArika manokAmanA pUrNa karane-karAne kI apekSA nahIM kI jaatii| pUjaka athavA bhakta apane mithyAtva kA sarvathA tyAga karane hetu prabhu ke samakSa zubha saMkalpazIla hotA hai| sAtha hI vaha prabhu-guNoM kA cintavana kara tadrUpa banane kI bhAvanA kA cintavana karatA hai| pUjya kA Adara karanA vastutaH pUjA hai| rAga-dveSa-vihIna vItarAga Apta puruSa tathA pUjya hai| isa bhautikavAdI yuga meM vyakti loka-raMjanA ke kAryoM meM itane adhika grasita rahate haiM ki ve jinapUjana ke maMgala-kArya ke lie samaya hI nahIM nikAla paate| ve karma paramANu jo AtmA ke zAnta Ananda svarUpa ko vikRta karake usameM krodha, ahaMkAra Adi kaSAya tathA rAga-dveSa rUpa pariNati utpanna kara dene vAle mohanIya karma se jIvana meM ghire rahane ke kAraNa kalyANa mArga meM pravRtta hI nahIM ho paate| jinendra pUjA vaha saMjIvanI rasAyana hai, jo amaMgala meM bhI maMgala kA sUtrapAta kara detI hai| jIvana meM jAgarukatA lA detI hai| vItarAga bhagavAna jinendra kI jaba pUjaka pUjA karatA hai, taba vaha bhagavAna jinadeva ke guNoM kA cintavana karatA huA unakA vAcana-kIrtana karatA hai| vaha jitanI 358 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #368
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dera pUjA karatA hai utanI hI dera vItarAga bhagavAna ke saMsarga athavA prasaMga se azubha gatividhi ko zubha kiMvA prazasta mArga meM pariNata kara detA hai| pUjA karane kA mukhya hetu Atmazuddhi hai / jinhoMne Atmazuddhi karake yA - to mokSa prApta kara liyA hai yA jo arhata avasthA ko prApta ho gae haiN| AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu tathA jina - pratimA aura jinavANI ye bhI Atmazuddhi meM prayojaka hone se usake Alambana mAne gaye haiN| jaba taka sarAga avasthA hai, taba taka jIva ke rAga kI utpatti hotI hI hai / yadi vaha laukika prayojana kI siddhi ke lie hotA hai, to usase saMsAra kI vRddhi hotI hai, kintu arhanta Adi svayaM rAga aura dveSa se rahita hote haiN| laukika prayojana se unakI pUjA kI bhI nahIM jAtI hai, isalie unameM pUjA Adi ke nimitta se hone vAlA rAga mokSamArga kA prayojaka hone se prazasta mAnA gayA hai| bhagavAna jinendra deva kI bhakti karane se pUrva saMcita sabhI karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| AcArya ke prasAda se vidyA aura mantra siddha hote haiN| ye saMsAra se tArane ke lie naukA ke samAna haiN| arhanta, vItarAgadharma, dvAdazAMga vANI, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu inameM jo anurAga karate haiM, unakA vaha anurAga prazasta hotA hai / inake abhimukha hokara vinaya aura bhakti karane se saba arthoM kI siddhi hotI hai| isalie bhakti rAgapUrvaka mAnI gayI hai kintu yaha nidAna nahIM hai, kyoMki nidAna sakAma hotA hai aura bhakti niSkAma yahI vastutaH donoM meM antara hai / jaina pUjA anuSThAna kA apanA vizeSa vidhAna hotA hai| jaina darzana bhAva- pradhAna hai| kisI bhI kArya sampAdana ke mUla meM bhAva aura usakI prakriyA viSayaka bhUmikA vastutaH mahattvapUrNa hotI hai| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki binA bhAvanA ke kisI kArya - sampAdana kI sambhAvanA nahIM kI jA sktii| isI AdhAra para pUjA karane se pUrva pUjA karane kA bhAva saMkalpa sthira karanA paramAvazyaka hai / isIlie zaucAdi se nivRtta hokara bhakta athavA pujArI ko mandira ke lie prasthAna karane se pUrva apane hRdaya meM jina-pUjana kA zubha bhAva utthita karanA hotA hai| pUjana kA saMkalpa lekara bhakta dvArA tIna bAra ' NamokAra mantra' kA uccAraNa kiyA jAtA hai aura taba usakA devAlaya jAnA Avazyaka hotA hai| jinamandira meM praveza karate hI punaH tIna bAra NamokAra mantra kA uccAraNa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai aura yadi ghara para snAna na kiyA ho, to use mandira sthita snAnAgAra meM jAkara zarIra-zuddhi karanA apekSita hai / chane hue svaccha jala se snAna kara bhakta ko mandira jI meM dhule hue pavitra vastroM ko dhAraNa kara sAmagrI kakSa meM praveza karanA caahie| pUjAvidhAna sAmAnya rUpa se do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai-- bhAva pUjA aura dravya pUjA / bhAva pUjA zramaNaga - sAdhujanoM athavA jJAnavanta zreSTha zrAvaka dvArA hI sampanna kiyA jAnA hotA hai| sarAgI zrAvaka ke lie dravya pUjA karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / dravya pUjA karane ke lie pUjaka ko sAmagrI sa~jonI par3atI hai / akSata, phalAdi sAmagrI ko svaccha pUjA paramparA :: 359 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #369
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jala meM pakhAranA (dhonA caahie| kezara tathA candana ko ghisakara eka pAtra meM ekatra kara lenA caahie| Adhe akSata aura naivedya ( sUkhe nAriyala kI Tukar3iyA~ yA zakale) ko kezara candana meM raMga lenA Avazyaka hai / yadi kezara kA abhAva ho to harasiMgAra ke puSpa - parAga ko candana ke sAtha ghisakara taiyAra karanA caahie| aSTakarmoM ko kSaya karane ke lie jina pUjana meM aSTadravyoM kA hI vidhAna hai| ina sabhI dravyoM ko eka bar3e thAla meM kramazaH vyavasthita karanA cAhie - yathA - (1) jala - svaccha jala ko jala pAtra meM bhara lenA cAhie, (2) candana - svaccha jala meM candana kezara milAkara eka pAtra meM bhara lenA hai, (3) akSata - zveta pakhAre hue pUrNa cAvaloM ko thAla meM rakhanA cAhie, (4) puSpa - zveta pakhAre hue cAvaloM ko candana kezara meM raMga kara, rakhanA hotA hai / (5) naivedya - girI kI ciTeM athavA Tukar3iyoM ko pakhAra kara rakhanA caahie| (6) dIpagirI kI ciTeM athavA Tukar3iyoM ko kezara candana meM raMgakara athavA yadi sambhava ho to ghRta aura kapUra kA jalA huA dIpa rakhA jAtA hai, (7) dhUpa - candana cUrA tathA dhUpa cUrA, kabhI-kabhI yadi candana cUrA paryApta na ho to akSata meM use hI milAkara vyavasthita kara liyA jAtA hai, (8) phala - bAdAma, lauMga, bar3I ilAyacI, kAlI mirca, kamalaghaTaka Adi zuSka phaloM kA prakSAlana kara thAla meM rakhanA caahie| thAla ke bIca meM ukta aSTa dravyoM kA mizraNa ardha kA rUpa grahaNa karatA hai / pUjana meM kAma Ane vAle pAtroM ke prakAra aura saMkhyA isa prakAra se Avazyaka hotI hai- - thAla naga 2, taztarI naga 2, kalaza naga 2 (choTe AkAra ke jala, candana ke lie), cammaca naga 2, sthApanApAtra - ThonA naga 1, jala candana car3hAne kA pAtra - naga 1, dhUpadAna naga 1, channA naga pA~ca (eka channA sAmagI ko Dhakane ke lie, tIna channe prabhu - pratimA prakSAlana ke lie tathA eka channA vedikA ko dhokara poMchane ke lie), kASTha kI caukiyA~ naga 2, thAla Adi rakhane ke AkAra kI sAmAnya caukiyA~ / vedI, jahA~ prabhu - pratimAe~ pratiSThita haiM, meM pUjaka ko praveza karate samaya tIna bAra - 1 - ni:sahI, niHsahI, ni: sahI kA uccAraNa karanA caahie| isa uccAraNa meM mUla bAta yaha hai ki yadi prabhu -vedikA meM kisI bhI yoni ke jIva- gaNa - vyantara deva Adi upAsanArtha pahale se upasthita hoM to unase vyartha meM TakarAhaTa na ho jAve aura ve isa trayoccAraNa ko sunakara svayaM baca jAveM tathA rAga-dveSa janya samagra vyavadhAna samApta ho jAve / pUjana sAmagrI tathA upakaraNoM ko yathAsthAna para rakhane ke pazcAt pUjaka ko pratyeka vedI para prabhubimba ke sammukha natamastaka ho NamokAra mantra par3hanA cAhie / pratimA abhiSeka (jala se nahalAnA) karane se pahile zveta svaccha tIna channoM ko kramazaH eka channA prabhucaraNoM meM bichA denA caahie| eka channA se kalaza Dhone se pUrva prabhu - pratimA ko zuSka prakSAlana kara lenA Avazyaka hai| kalaza Dhokara pratimA rUpa - svarUpa kA prakSAlana karanA paramAvazyaka hai| anta meM dUsare channe se pratimA kA paripochana karanA hotA hai, tAki pratimA para kisI bhI aMza meM jala - kaNa zeSa 360 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #370
na rheN| isa prakAra ke zubha kAma ke karate samaya atyanta prasanna mudrA meM paMcamaMgala pATha' karanA Avazyaka hai| channe se pUjA ke pAtroM ko sApha karanA caahie| sabase pahale sthApanA pAtra (ThonA) para svAstika cihna candana athavA kezara se lagAnA caahie| jala, candana car3hAne vAle kalaza pAtra para svastika cihna lagAnA caahie| mahAgha kI thAlikA ke atirikta dUsarI thAlikA (rakebI) meM svastika cihna lagAnA cAhie tathA bar3e thAla meM kramaza: bIca meM tIna svastika cihna deva, zAstra, guru ke pratIkArtha lagAnA caahie| bIca vAle svastika cihna ke Upara tIna binduoM kI saMracanA samyak darzana, samyak jJAna aura samyak cAritra ke lie karanI hotI hai| prathamataH pujArI ko khaDgAsana meM sAvadhAnIpUrvaka nau bAra NamokAra mantra kA zuddha uccAraNa kara darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI tIna bindu-sthaliyoM para nau-nau puSpoM ko kramazaH isa prakAra car3hAnA cAhie ki ve eka-dUsare se sammilita na hone paaveN| sasvara vinayapATha' kA vAcana karane ke bAda madhyastha cihnita svastika para puSpoM ko car3hAnA cAhie tathA isake pazcAt 'OM hrIM anAdimUlamantrebhyo namaH' aisA kahakara puSpoM kA kSepaNa karanA caahie| candrAkAra bane sthApanA Adi para kramazaH paMca kalyANaka kA argha, paMcaparameSThi kA argha, sahasranAma kA argha, svastimaMgalavAcana, jinendra svastimaMgala, daza dikpAloM ke argha car3hAte hue 'deva-zAstra-guru pUjA' kA vidhivata pUjana karanA caahie| yadi pujArI-bhakta ke pAsa samayAbhAva hai, to pUrNa pUjana karane kI apekSA 'bIsa tIrthaMkara ke argha, akRtrima caityAlayoM ke argha, dvitIyAMka candrAkAra maNDita cihna para argha car3hAte hue nau bAra NamokAra mahAmantra kA pATha kara puSpAMjali kSepaNa karanA caahie| 'siddhapUjAargha' tIsare krama ke bane candrAkAra para arghya kSepaNa karanA caahie| 'caubIsI tIrthaMkara pUjArtha cauthe candrAkAra para arghya' car3hAnA hotA hai| yadi prabhu vedikA para tIrthaMkara AdinAtha kI pratimA virAjamAna hai, to pujArI pratyeka tIrthaMkara kI pUjA karane kA adhikArI hai| yadi vahA~ para mahAvIra svAmI kI sthApanA hai to phira pUrva tIrthaMkaroM kI pUjA bAda meM nahIM karanI caahie| ina tIrthaMkaroM kI sthApanA sthApanA-pAtra (ThoNA) meM hI kI jAtI hai, kintu virAjamAna tIrthaMkara kI sthApanA ThoNA meM nahIM kI jaatii| unakI sthApanA candrAkAra pA~ca para hI sampAdita kI jaatii| zAnti pATha ke pazcAt mahArgha mokSasthalI sthAna se Arambha kara pUrI parikramA taka samApta kara denA caahie| argha bAra-bAra nahIM lenA caahie| 'zAnti karo saba jagata meM vRSabhAdika jinarAja' taka pATha karane para puSpoM ko samApta kara lenA caahie| taba jala aura candana ko uThAkara pAtra meM donoM kI dhAra milAkara tIna bAra meM samApta kara denA cAhie aura anta meM nau bAra NamokAra mantra par3hakara visarjana pATha par3hate hue tIna-tIna sAbita puSpoM ko tIna bAra meM kula nau puSpa sthApanA pAtra meM car3hAnA caahie| tIna bAra AzikA lenI cAhie aura una sabhI puSpoM ko dhUpa dAna meM bhasma kara denA cAhie tathA sthApanA pAtra meM bane svastika cihna ko jala se channe dvArA pUjA paramparA :: 361 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #371
sApha kara denA caahie| vedI kI parikramA kama se kama tIna bAra avazya denA caahie| parikramA samApta hone ke sAtha hI tIrthaMkara ko eka bAra namaskAra karake hI mandira se bAhara nikalanA caahie| jainadharmAnusAra mUla meM bhAvapUjA kA hI pracalana rahA hai| kAlAntara meM dravyarUpA kA pracalana huA hai| dravyarUpA meM ArAdhya ke sthApana kI parikalpanA kI jAtI hai aura usakI upAsanA bhI dravya rUpa meM huA karatI hai| jaina darzana karma-pradhAna hai| samagra karma-kula ko yahA~ ATha bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| inhIM ke AdhAra para aSTa dravyoM kI kalpanA sthira huI hai| jainadharma meM pUjA kI sAmagrI ko arghya kahA gayA hai| pUjA-dravya ke sammizraNa ko arghya kahate haiN| jainetara loka meM ise prabhu ke lie bhoga lagAnA kahate haiM / vahA~ bhoga sAmagrI kA prasAda rUpa meM sevana kiyA jAtA hai, para jinavANI meM isakA bhinna abhiprAya hai| jaina pUjA meM arghya nirmAlya hotA hai| vaha to janmajarAdi karmoM kA kSaya karake mokSa-prApti ke lie zubha saMkalpa kA pratIka hotA hai| ataeva arghya sarvathA akhAdya hotA hai| jala, candana, akSata, puSpa, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa aura phala-ina aSTa dravyoM kA kSepaNa alaga-alaga aSTa phaloM kI prApti ke lie zubha saMkalpa rUpa hai| laukika jagata meM candana eka vRkSa hai, jisakI lakar3I ke lepana kA prayoga aihika zItalatA ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| jaina darzana meM candana sAMsArika tApa ko zItala karane ke artha meM prayukta hai| sampUrNa moharUpI andhakAra ko dUra karane ke lie parama zAnta vItarAga svabhAvayukta jinendra bhagavAna kI kezara-candana se pUjA kI jAtI hai| pariNAmasvarUpa hArdika kaThoratA, komalatA aura vinaya-priyatA meM parivartita hokara prakaTa ho| akSata zabda akSaya pada arthAt mokSa pada kA pratIka hai| akSata kA zAbdika artha hai- vaha tattva, jisakI kSati na ho| akSata kA kSepaNa kara bhakta akSaya pada kI prApti kara sakatA hai| puSpa kAmadeva kA pratIka hai| loka meM isakA pracUra prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| jaina paddhati meM puSpa samagra aihika vAsanAoM ke visarjana kA pratIka hai| naivedya vaha khAdya padArtha hai, jo devatA para car3hAyA jAtA hai| pUjA meM kSudhAroga ko zAnta karane ke lie car3hAyA gayA miSThAnna vastuta: naivedya kahalAtA hai| mohAndhakAra ko zAnta karane ke lie dIparUpI jJAna kA arghya Avazyaka hai| dhUpa gandha dravyoM se mizrita eka dravya vizeSa hai, yaha sugandhita dravya dhUpa zabda kA pratIkArtha hai tathA pUjA prasaMga meM aSTa karmoM kA vinAzaka mAnA gayA hai| phala kA laukika artha pariNAma hai| jaina pUjA ke prasaMga meM mokSa pada ko prApta karane ke lie kSepaNa kiyA gayA dravya vastutaH phala kahalAtA hai| ___jainadharma meM guNoM kI pUjA kI gayI hai| guNoM ke byAja se hI vyakti ko bhI smaraNa kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki kisI kArya kA kartA yahA~ parakIya zakti ko nahIM mAnA gayA hai| apane-apane karmAnusAra pratyeka prANI svayaM kartA aura bhoktA hotA hai| 'deva' zabda kA artha divya dRSTi ko prApta karanA hai| jo divya bhAva se yukta ATha siddhiyoM sahita 362 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #372
krIDA karate haiM, jinakA zarIra divyamAna hai, jo lokAloka ko pratyakSa jAnate haiM, ve sarvajJa deva kahalAte haiN| saccA deva vahI hai jo vItarAgI, sarvajJa aura hitopadezI ho| jo kisI se na to rAga hI karatA hai, aura na dveSa, vahI pUrNajJAnI vItarAgI kahalAtA hai| deva kI vANI ko zAstra kahate haiN| vaha vItarAga hai, ata: unakI vANI bhI vItarAgatA kI poSaka hotI hai| vItarAgI vANI kA AdhAra hai-tattva-cintana / loka meM 'guru' kA artha hai 'bddaa'| jainadarzana meM paMca parameSThiyoM yathA-arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA sAdhu meM se eka parameSThI vizeSa hotA hai| vastutaH digambara paramparA meM nagna digambara sAdhu ko guru kahate haiN| guru sadA AtmadhyAna, svAdhyAya meM lIna rahate haiN| viSaya bhogoM kI lAlasA unameM lezamAtra bhI nahIM hotii| aise tapasvI sAdhuoM ko guru kahate haiN| paMca parameSThI, caityAlaya, akRtrima caityAlaya, caubIsa tIrthaMkara, bIsa tIrthaMkara aura bAhubalI Adi jaina pUjA meM pUjya zaktiyA~ haiN| ___ jainadharma meM hI nahIM apitu sabhI bhAratIya dharmoM meM upAsanA viSayaka svIkRti ke paridarzana hote haiN| upAsanA ke vividha rUpoM meM pUjA kA mahanIya sthAna hai| pUjA ke svarUpa usake vidhi-vidhAna tathA uddezya viSayaka vibhinnatAe~ hote hue bhI yaha sarvamAnya satya hai ki saMsAra ke duHkhI prANI apane duHkha-saMghAta samApta karane ke lie pUjA ko eka Avazyaka vrata-anuSThAna svIkArate haiN| saMsAra kA pratyeka prANI sukha cAhatA hai| abhaya, kSudhA, auSadhi tathA jJAna viSayaka suvidhAoM kA vaha Arambha se hI AkAMkSI rahA hai| Arambha meM ina Avazyaka suvidhAoM ke abhAva meM use duHkhAnubhUti huA karatI hai| duHkha kA sIdhA sambandha usakI mAnasika sthiti para nirbhara karatA hai| manonukUlatA meM use sukha aura pratikUlatA meM duHkhAnubhUti huA karatI hai| AsthAvAdI prANI apanI isa duHkhada avasthA se mukti pAne ke lie sAmAnyataH paronmukhI ho jAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM vivaza hokara vaha parakIya sattA ke sammukha apane ko samarpita kara usakI guNa-garimA gAne-duharAne lagatA hai| yahI vastutaH pUjA kI prArambhika tathA Avazyaka bhUmikA hotI hai| lokeSaNA ke vazIbhUta hokara arthAt joki kisI bhI prakAra kI icchA kI pUrti kI abhilASA rakhane vAlA sAmAnya pUjaka jaina pUjA karane kI pAtratA prApta nahIM kara paataa| icchA kI pUrti ke lie kI gaI upAsanA ko jainadharma meM mithyAtva (jIvAdi tattvoM ke viparIta zraddhA) kI koTi meM mAnA gayA hai| pUjA paramparA :: 363 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #373
vrata : jainAcAra ke AdhAra DaoN. ramezacandra jaina vrata kA lakSaNa-AcAryoM ne vrata kI aneka paribhASAe~ dI haiM, jinameM se pramukha paribhASAe~ yA lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM hiNsaanRtsteyaabrhmprigrhebhyovirtivrtm|| - tattvArthasUtra-7/1 hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, abrahma (kuzIla) aura parigraha se nivRtta honA vrata hai| 'vratamabhisandhikRto niyamaH idaM kartavyamidaM na kartavyamiti vaa'| -AcArya pUjyapAda : sarvArthasiddhi, 7/1 pratijJA karake jo niyama liyA jAtA hai, vaha vrata hai tathA yaha karane yogya hai, yaha nahIM karane yogya hai, isa prakAra niyama karanA vrata hai| 'vrataM ko'rthaH sarvanivRtti prinnaamH|' - paramAtmaprakAza : brahmadevasUri kRta TIkA 2/52/173/5 sarvanivRtti ke pariNAma ko vrata kahate haiN| 'saMkalpaparvakaH sevye niymo'shbhkrmnnH|' nivRttirvA vrataM syAdvA pravRttiH zubhakarmaNi / / - paNDitapravara AzAdhara-racita sAgAradharmAmRta 2/80 kisI padArtha ke sevana yA azubha karma kI nivRtti aura zubha karma meM pravRtti vrata hai| svAtmanA kRtvA svAtmanivartanaM iti nizcayavratam / / ' - paramAtma prakAza TIkA-2/67/189/2 apane AtmA se apane AtmA meM pravRtti karanA nizcaya vrata hai| vrata bhaMga nahIM karanA cAhie-arhanta, siddha aura kevali kI sannidhi meM athavA 364 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #374
samasta saMgha kI sAkSI meM AhArAdi ke pratyAkhyAna (tyAga) kA tyAga karane se to mara jAnA acchA hai| __ vrata bhaMga hone para liyA gayA prAyazcitta-bhalI-bhA~ti soca-vicArakara vrata grahaNa karanA cAhie tathA usakA prayatnapUrvaka pAlana karanA caahie| abhimAna yA pramAda se yadi vrata bhaMga ho jAye, to usakA prAyazcitta lekara usakA sahI rUpa pAlana karanA caahie| vrata ke bheda-vrata do prakAra kA hotA hai- dezatyAga (AMzika tyAga) rUpa aNuvrata aura sarvatyAga rUpa mhaavrt| gRhasthoM kA cAritra pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata rUpa bAraha prakAra kA hotA hai| vratoM se pUrva samyaktva anivArya- muniyoM ke ahiMsAdi pA~ca mahAvrata aura dezavirata (zrAvakoM) ke pA~ca aNuvrata ye samyagdarzana (samyak zraddhA) ke binA nahIM hote haiN| ata: AcAryoM ne samyaktva kA varNana prathamataH kiyA hai| vrata ke grahaNa karane kI vidhi- AcArya zivArya kRta bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI TIkA meM kahA gayA hai ki jisako jIvoM kA svarUpa jJAta huA hai, aise muni ko niyama se vrata denA, yaha vratAropaNa nAma kA chaThA sthitikalpa hai| jisane pUrNa nirgrantha avasthA dhAraNa kI hai, uddiSTa (muni ko uddezya karake jo banAyA jAya) AhAra aura rAjapiNDa (rAjA dvArA diyA gayA AhAra) kA tyAga kiyA hai, jo gurubhakta aura vinayI hai, vaha vratAropaNa ke lie yogya hai| jaba guru baiThate haiM aura AryikAe~ sammukha hokara baiThatI haiM, aise samaya zrAvaka aura zrAvikAoM ko vrata diye jAte haiN| vrata grahaNa karane vAlA muni bhI guru ke bAyIM tarapha baiThatA hai, taba guru use vrata dete haiN| vrata ke viSaya meM jAnakara zraddhA karake pApoM se virakta honA/virata honA/alaga honA vrata hai| __vratoM kI saMkhyA- jaina paramparA meM vratoM kI saMkhyA kucha nizcita nahIM hai| AcArya jinasena kRta harivaMza purANa tathA vividha vidhividhAnoM aura vratavidhAna saMgrahAdi granthoM meM vratoM kI vividha saMkhyA aura nAmAvalI dRSTigocara hotI hai| harivaMza purANa meM nimnalikhita vratoM kA varNana huA hai____ 1. sarvatobhadra vrata, 2. vasantabhadra vrata, 3. mahAsarvatobhadra vrata 4. trilokasAra vrata, 5. vajramadhya vrata, 6. mRdaMgamadhyavrata, 7. murajamadhya vrata, 8. ekAvalI vrata, 9. dvikAvalI vrata, 10. muktAvalI vrata, 11. ratnAvalI vrata, 12. ratnamuktAvalI vrata, 13. kanakAvalI vrata, 14. siMha-niSkrIDita vrata 15. madhyama siMha-niSkrIDita vrata, 16. utkRSTa siMhaniSkrIr3ita vrata, 17. nandIzvara vrata, 18. merupaMkti vrata, 19. vimAnapaMkti vrata, 20. zAtakumbha vrata, 21. cAndrAyaNa vrata, 22. sapta saptama vrata, 23. AcAmla varddhamAna vrata, 24. zrutavrata, 25. darzanazuddhivrata, 26. tapa:zuddhi vrata, 27. cAritra zuddhi vrata, 28. satya mahAvrata, 29. acauryamahAvrata, 30. brahmacarya mahAvrata, 31. parigraha-tyAga mahAvrata, 32. eka-kalyANa vrata, 33. paMca-kalyANa vrata, 34. zIla-kalyANa vrata, 35. bhAvanA vrata, 36. paMcaviMzati vrata : jainAcAra ke AdhAra :: 365 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #375
kalyANa-bhAvanA vrata, 37. duHkhaharaNa vrata, 38. karmakSaya vrata, 39. jinendra-guNa-sampatti vrata, 40. divya-lakSaNapaMkti vrata, 41. paraspara-kalyANa vrt| ___ ina vratoM ke pAlana karane kI vidhi 'harivaMza purANa' meM vistRta rUpa se varNita kI gayI hai| ise pAThakavRnda avazya pddh'eN| vasunandi zrAvakAcAra meM paMcamI vrata, rohiNI vrata, azvinI vrata, saukhya-sampatti vrata, nandIzvara paMkti vrata tathA vimAna-paMkti vratoM ke nAma' Aye haiN| vrata-vidhAna-saMgraha meM uparyukta vratoM ke atirikta aneka vratoM kA ullekha huA hai| ina-saba ke nAma kSullaka jinendra varNI ke dvArA jainendra siddhAnta koza (bhAga-3) meM uddhRta haiN| tattvArthasUtra tathA usakI TIkAoM meM ahiMsAdika pA~ca vratoM ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra va pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAe~ varNita haiN| ye bhAvanAe~ mukhyata: muniyoM ke lie haiM, kadAcit zrAvakoM ke lie bhI ina bhAvanAoM ko bhAne kA nirdeza prApta hotA hai| kucha zrAvakAcAra-paraka granthoM meM zrAvakoM ke bAraha vratoM meM pratyeka vrata ke pA~ca-pA~ca aticAra batalAye gaye haiN| chahaDhAlAkAra paNDita daulatarAma jI ne kahA hai bAraha vrata ke atIcAra pana pana na lgaavai| maraNa-samaya saMnyAsa dhAri tasu doSa nsaavai|| yoM zrAvakavrata pAla svarga solama upjaavai| taha caya nara-janma pAya muni dai ziva jaavai|| kahIM-kahIM rAtribhojana tyAga ko chaThA aNuvrata kahA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM usakA ahiMsAvrata kI bhAvanAoM ke antargata 'Alokita pAna-bhojana' bhAvanA ke antargata samAveza kiyA hai| upavAsa ke viziSTa zabda-jahA~ upavAsa ke lie caturthaka zabda kA prayoga hotA hai, vahA~ eka upavAsa; jahA~ SaSTha zabda AtA hai, vahA~ do upavAsa aura jahA~ aSTama zabda AtA hai, vahA~ tIna upavAsa samajhanA caahie| isI prakAra dazama se lekara chaha mAsa paryanta ke upavAsoM kI saMjJA jAnanI caahie| upavAsoM kA viziSTa kAla- pratipadA se lekara paMcadazI taka kI tithi meM upavAsa karanA caahie| ye upavAsa aneka bhedoM ko liye hue haiM aura jainamArga meM inheM saba prakAra ke sukhoM se sampanna karane vAlA kahA hai| prativarSa bhAdrapada kI zuklapakSa kI saptamI ke dina upavAsa karanA caahie| yaha parinirvANa-nAmaka vidhi hai tathA ananta-sukha rUpI phala ko dene vAlI hai| bhAdrapada zukla ekAdazI ke dina upavAsa karane se prAtihAryaprasiddhi nAma kI vidhi hotI hai tathA yaha palyoM-pramANa-kAla taka sukha rUpI phala ko phalatI hai| hara eka mAsa kI kRSNa pakSa kI ekAdaziyoM ke dina kiye hue chiyAsI 366 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #376
upavAsa ananta sukha ko utpanna karate haiN| mArgazIrSa zukla tRtIyA ke dina upavAsa karanA ananta mokSa phala ko dene vAlA hai tathA isI mAsa kI caturthI ke dina belA karane se vimAna-paMkti-vairAjya nAma kI vidhi hotI hai aura usake phalasvarUpa vimAnoM kI paMkti kA rAjya milatA hai| vrata kI vidhiyoM meM yathAzakti vidhiyA~ karanI cAhie, kyoMki ve sAkSAt aura paramparA se svarga aura mokSa sambandhI sukha ke kAraNa mArI gayI haiN| pramukha vrata-pratyeka vrata kA yadyapi apanA mahattva hai, tathApi Ajakala kucha vrata adhika pracalita haiN| jaise nandIzvara vrata- nandIzvara dvIpa meM pratyeka dizA meM eka aMjanagiri, cAra dadhimukha aura ATha ratikara isa prakAra teraha parvata haiN| cAroM dizAoM ke milAkara saba 52 parvata hue| ina pratyeka parvatoM para zAzvata akRtrima jina-bhavana haiN| pratyeka mandira meM 108 ratnamaya atizaya yukta jinabimba virAjamAna haiM / ye jinabimba 500 dhanuSa U~ce haiN| yahA~ indrAdi deva Akara nitya bhakti-pUrvaka pUjA karate haiN| manuSyoM kA vahA~ gamana nahIM hotA hai| ataH manuSya una caityAlayoM kI sthApanA sthApana-vidhi se apane-apane mandiroM meM karate haiN| nandIzvara dvIpa kA maNDala banAkara varSa meM tIna bAra (kArtika, phAlguna aura ASAr3ha mAsa ke zuklapakSa meM aSTamI se pUrNimA taka) ATha-ATha dina pUjAbhiSeka karate haiM aura ATha dina vrata bhI karate haiN| isa vrata kA pAlana karane vAlA saptamI se pratipadA taka brahmacarya vrata rakhe, saptamI ko ekAzana kareM, bhUmi para zayana kare, sacitta padArthoM kA tyAga kare, dina meM maNDala banAkara abhiSeka aura pUjA kreN| paMcameru kI sthApanA kara pUjA kare aura caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI jayamAla par3heM, nandIzvara vrata kI kathA sune aura 'OM hrIM nandIzvarasaMjJAya namaH', -isa mantra kI 108 jApa kreN| navamI ko saba kriyAe~ aSTamI ke samAna hI kI jaaeN| kevala 'OM hrIM trilokasAra saMjJAya namaH', isa mantra kI 108 jApa kare aura dopahara pazcAt pAraNA kreN| dazamI ke dina bhI saba kriyA aSTamI ke samAna hI kreN| 'OM hrIM trilokasAra saMjJAya namaH', -isa mantra kA 108 bAra jApa kareM tathA kevala pAnI aura bhAta bhojana meM leN| gyArasa ke dina bhI saba kriyAe~ aSTamI ke samAna kreN| siddhacakra kI trikAla pUjA kreN| 'OM hrIM caturmukha-saMjJAya namaH' - isa mantra kI 108 bAra jApa kareM tathA alpa bhojana kreN| dvAdazI ko bhI samasta kriyAe~ ekAdazI ke hI samAna kreN| 'OM hrIM paJcamahAlakSaNasaMjJAya namaH, isa mantra ko 108 bAra japeM tathA ekAzana kreN| trayodazI ko sarva kriyAe~ dvAdazI ke samAna kreN| caturdazI ke dina saba kriyAe~ Upara ke samAna kareM aura 'OM hrIM siddhacakrAya namaH' -isa mantra kI jApa kreN| vrata : jainAcAra ke AdhAra :: 367 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #377
pUrNamAsI ke dina uparyukta kriyAoM ke sAtha 'OM hrIM indradhvajasaMjJAya namaH-isa mantra kA 108 bAra jApa kareM tathA upavAsa kreN| pratipadA ke dina pUjanAdi kriyA ke anantara ghara Akara 4 prakAra ke saMgha ko cAra prakAra kA dAna (AhAra, auSadhi, abhaya, jJAna) kara pAraNA kreN| yaha tIna, pA~ca, sAta yA ATha varSa kiyA jAtA hai| pazcAt udyApana kiyA jAtA hai| dazalakSaNa vrata- yaha vrata dazalakSaNa parva para kiyA jAtA hai| dazalakSaNa parva varSa meM 3 bAra Ate haiM-1. bhAdrapada, 2. mAgha aura 3. caitramAsa kI zuklapakSa paMcamI se caturdazI taka yaha vrata sampanna hotA hai| dazoM dina trikAla sAmAyika, pratikramaNa, vandanA, abhiSeka, pUjana, stavana tathA dharma-carcA Adi kAryoM meM parva kA pUrA samaya vyatIta karanA caahie| rAtri ke samaya jAgaraNa va bhajana karanA caahie| dazoM dina yathAzakti-upavAsa- belA, telA Adi karanA caahie| yadi itanI zakti na ho, to ekAzana, avamodarya tathA rasaparityAga karanA caahie| kAmottejaka, sacikkaNa, miSTa, gariSTa aura svAdiSTa bhojana kA tyAga karanA cAhie tathA svaccha vastroM kA upayoga karanA caahie| dasoM dina kI dasa jApa isa prakAra haiM1. OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya-uttama-kSamA-dharmAGgAya namaH / OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya uttama-maoNrdava-dharmAGgAya nmH| ___OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya-uttama-Arjava-dharmAGgAya namaH / OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya-uttama-zauca-dharmAGgAya namaH / OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya-uttama-satya-dharmAGgAya namaH / OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya-uttama-saMyama-dharmAGgAya namaH / OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya-uttama-tapo-dharmAGgAya nmH| 8. OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala-samudgatAya-uttama-tyAga-dharmAGgAya namaH / 9. OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala samudgatAya-uttama-AkiJcanya-dharmAGgAya nmH| 10. OM hrIM arhanmukhakamala samudgatAya-uttama-brahmacarya-dharmAGgAya nmH| isa vrata kA daza varSa pAlana kara udyApana karanA caahie| yadi udyApana kI zakti na ho, to bIsa varSa taka yaha vrata pAlana karanA caahie| ratnatraya vrata-bhAdrapada, mAgha aura caitramAsa ke zuklapakSa meM trayodazI, caturdazI aura pUrNamAsI ko yaha vrata kiyA jAtA hai| dvAdazI ko vrata kA dhAraNa tathA pratipadA ko pAraNA (vratAnta bhojana) kI jAtI hai arthAt dvAdazI ko zrI jinendra kA abhiSeka tathA pUjana kara ekAzana (eka bAra bhojana) Adi kare aura madhyAhna kAla kA sAmAyika kara usI samaya se svAdya, khAdya, lehya aura peya ina cAroM prakAra ke AhAra tathA vikathAoM kA tyAga kreN| trayodazI, caturdazI aura pUrNamAsI ko upavAsa kareM aura pratipadA ke dina abhiSeka tathA pUjana kara atithi ko bhojana karAkara svayaM bhojana kreN| isa dina bhI laM Fi cha / 368 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #378
eka bAra khaayeN| yaha vrata 12 varSa kA hotA hai| anantara udyApana kre| udyApana kI zakti na ho to dUnI avadhi taka vrata kreN| ravivrata--yaha vrata ravivAra ko kiyA jAtA hai| pratyeka ravivAra ko upavAsa yA binA namaka kA isameM bhojana kiyA jAtA hai| bhojana ke pUrva bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA abhiSeka aura pUjana kI jAtI hai| dharma-dhyAna-pUrvaka isa dina brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| isa dina 'OM hrIM aha~ zrIpArzvanAthAya namaH' mantra kA jApa denA caahie| nau varSa vrata kara udyApana karanA caahie| dIpamAlikA vrata- cauthe kAla ke jaba tIna varSa sAr3he ATha mAha zeSa raha gaye, taba kArtika mAsa kI amAvasyA ke prabhAtakAla svAtinakSatra meM zrI mahAvIra svAmI kA nirvANa huaa| devoM ne Akara nirvANa kalyANaka kA utsava manAyA aura pAvAnagarI meM dIpotsava kiyaa| isa pavitra dina kI smRti meM bhArata meM dIpAvalI prasiddha hii| isa dina yathAzakti upavAsa yA ekAsana kiyA jaay| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI pUjana kara nirvANa lADU car3hAyA jaay| sAyaMkAla gautama gaNadhara kI kaivalya prApti kI smRti meM dIpaka prajjvalita kiye jaaeN| 'OM hrIM zrI mahAvIra-svAmine namaH' -isa mantra kA jApa kiyA jaaye| puSpAMjali vrata- isa vrata meM bhAdoM zukla 5 se 9 taka pA~ca dina nityaprati paMcameru kI sthApanA kara caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA aSTadravya se abhiSeka va pUjana kiyA jaaye| pA~ca aSTaka tathA pA~ca jayamAlA par3he aura 'OM hrI paMcameru-sambandhi-azIti-jinAlayebhyo namaH' mantra kA 108 bAra jApa kreN| paMcamI kA upavAsa kareM aura zeSa dinoM meM rasatyAga kara avamaudarya (bhUkha se kama bhojana) kreN| sambhava, ho to pA~ca dina upavAsa kreN| rAtri ko bhajana va jAgaraNa kreN| viSaya (pA~ca indriyoM ke pA~ca viSaya) tathA kaSAyoM (krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha) ko ghaTAveM, brahmacarya kA pAlana kareM aura Arambha (gharagRhasthI ke kArya) kA tyAga kreN| isa prakAra pA~ca varSa vrata karake udyApana kreN| pratyeka prakAra ke 5-5 upakaraNa jinAlayoM ko bheMTa meM deM, pA~ca zAstra pratiSThita kareM, pA~ca zrAvakoM ko bhojana karAe~ aura cAra prakAra kA dAna deN| triloka tIja vrata- bhAdoM zukla tIja ko upavAsa kara bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna ke caubIsoM tIrthaMkaroM ke 72 koThe kA maNDala mA~Dakara tIna caubIsI pUjA vidhAna kre| tInoM kAla 'OM hrIM bhUtavartamAnabhaviSyatkAla-sambandhi-caturviMzati-tIrthaMkarebhyo namaH' -isa mantra kA jApa kreN| isa prakAra tIna varSa taka yaha vrata kara pazcAt udyApana kareM athavA dviguNita varSa vrata kreN| kaI loga isa vrata ko 'roTatIjavrata' bhI kahate haiN| udyApana karane ke samaya tIna caubIsI kA maNDala mA~r3akara bar3A vidhAna kare aura pratyeka prakAra ke tIna-tIna upakaraNa bhI jina-mandira meM bheMTa kreN| cAra saMgha (muni, AryikA, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA) ko cAra prakAra kA dAna deM tathA zAstra bheMTa kreN| vrata : jainAcAra ke AdhAra :: 369 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #379
SoDaza kAraNa vrata- SoDaza kAraNa bhAvanAe~ tIrthaMkara prakRti ke bandha kA kAraNa hotI haiN| bhAdrapada, mAgha aura caitra kRSNA ekama se Azvina, phAlguna aura vaizAkha kRSNA ekama taka varSa meM tIna bAra eka-eka mAsa taka isa vrata ko karanA caahie| yathAzakya upavAsa yA ekAsana ina dinoM zreyaskara haiN| ina dinoM brahmacarya se raheM aura zarIra kA zRMgAra na kreN| trikAla sAmAyika kareM aura dina meM tIna bAra isa mantra kA jApa kareM'OM hrIM darzanavizuddhyAdi-SoDazakAraNebhyo nmH|' __isa vrata ko utkRSTa solaha varSa, madhyama 5 varSa athavA 2 varSa aura jaghanya eka varSa kara udyApana kiyA jaaye| solaha-solaha upakaraNa mandira jI meM bheMTa kreN| sarasvatI bhavana banavAyeM, pavitra jinadharma kA upadeza de yA pravacana kraaeN| yadi dravya vyaya karane kI zakti na ho, to dugunA vrata kreN| sugandha dazamI vrata- yaha vrata bhAdoM zukla dazamI ko kiyA jAtA hai| isa dina jaladhArA-pUrvaka jinAbhiSeka ke sAtha jinendra bhagavAna kI pUjana karanA caahie| vizeSa rUpa se zItalanAtha bhagavAna kI bhAva-bhakti-pUrvaka pUjA karanI caahie| vrata ke dina ghara ke samasta kArya jinase pApa kA Asrava hotA ho, unheM chor3a denA caahie| yaha vrata daza varSa taka mana lagAkara karanA cAhie, anantara udyApana karanA caahie| isa dina dasa-dasa zrIphala Adi phala aura dasa pustakeM bheMTa karanA caahie|4|| vrata kA phala- kisa vrata ke karane kA kyA supariNAma huA athavA inakA phala kina-kina ko prApta huA, -isakA ullekha kathA-granthoM aura vrata-vidhAna-saMgraha, vratodyApana-saMgraha Adi granthoM meM saMgRhIta hai| vrata dhAraNa karane kA phala prAyaH svarga aura paramparayA mokSa batalAyA gayA hai| ata: jIvana meM kucha na kucha vrata avazya dhAraNa karane caahie| eka-eka vrata ko dhAraNa karane kA mahAna phala huA, aisA zAstroM meM varNita hai| ataH zraddhApUrvaka vratAcaraNa karanA caahie| vrata kI rakSA hetu bhAvanAe~- hiMsAdi pA~ca doSoM meM apAya (vighna) aura avadya (pApa) kA darzana bhAvane yogya hai athavA hiMsAdi duHkha hI haiM, aisI bhAvanA karanA caahie| prANImAtra meM maitrI, gaNAdhikoM meM pramoda, dIna-dukhiyoM ke prati karuNA kA vyavahAra aura virodhiyoM yA aziSTa AcaraNa karane vAloM ke prati mAdhyasthya bhAva rakhanA caahie| saMvega (saMsAra se bhaya) aura vairAgya ke lie jagat ke svabhAva aura zarIra ke svabhAva kA vicAra karanA caahie| muni samasta hiMsA ke tyAgI hote haiN| zrAvaka trasa-hiMsA kA tyAgI hone ke sAtha-sAtha yathAzakya ekendriya jIva kI hiMsA se bhI bacatA hai| sandarbha 1. arahaMtasiddha kevali aviutA svvsNghskkhiss| paccakkhANassa kadassa bhaMjaNAdo varaM mrnnN| -bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 1633/1480 370 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #380
2. samIkSyavratamAdeyaM pAlyaM prayatnataH / chinnaM darpAtpramAdAdvA prtyvsthaapymnyjsaa|| -sAgAra dharmAmRta, 2/79 3. deshsrvto'nnmhtii|| tattvArthasatra 7/2 4. gRhiNAM tredhA tiSThatyaNuguNazikSA vratAtmakaM caraNam / paJcatricaturbhedaM trayaM ythaakhyaatmaakhyaatm|| __ AcArya samantabhadra : ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra-51 5. paMcavadANi jadINaM aNuvvadAiM ca desvirdaannN| Na hu sammatteNa viNA to sammataM pddhmdaae|| __ bhagavatIArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA meM uddhRta-116/277/16 6. bhagavatIArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA 421/614/11 7. jainendrasiddhAnta-koza, bhAga-3, pR. 624-629 8. AcArya jinasena : harivaMzapurANa 34/52-124 9. jainendra siddhAnta koza-bhAga-3 pR. 626 para uddhRt| 10. harivaMza purANa 34/125 11. vahI 34/126 12. harivaMza purANa 34/127-130 13. jaina vrata kathA saMgraha (saMgrahakartA-mohanalAla zAstrI), pR. 125-129 14. paM. mohanalAla zAstrI dvArA saMgRhIta jaina vrata kathA saMgraha se sAbhAra uddhRta, prakAzaka-sarala jaina grantha bhaNDAra, mohanalAla zAstrI mArga, javAharagaMja, jabalapura (ma.pra.), vIra nirvANa saMvat 2503, caturtha sNskrnn| 15. tattvArthasUtra, umAsvAmI, 7/9-12 vrata : jainAcAra ke AdhAra :: 371 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #381
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org solA DaoN. bharata kumAra bAhubali kumAra jaina zarIra aura paryAptiyoM ke anurUpa pudgaloM ke grahaNa karane kI kriyA ko AhAra kahate haiM / ' jaina - jIvana kA vicAra karmamUlaka hai, ataH yaha AhAra bhI zarIra nAmakarma ke udaya se hotA hai / sabhI saMsArI jIva AhAra grahaNa karate haiN| inakI apekSA AhAra karmAhAra, nokarmAhAra, kavalAhAra, lepyAhAra, ojAhAra evaM mAnasAhAra Adi aneka prakAra kA hai| isameM manuSya va tiryaMca kavalAhAra karate haiM / isameM hI zuddhAzuddhi kA bheda hotA hai, zeSa AhAra prAkRtika haiM, ataH zuddhAzuddhi se rahita hote haiN| AhAra-zuddhi ke pramukha cAra sopAna mAne gaye haiM- 1. dravyazuddhi, 2. kSetrazuddhi, 3. kAlazuddhi, 4. bhAvazuddhi / inake cAra-cAra bheda kiye gaye haiM, jisase AhArazuddhi solaha prakAra kI ho jAtI hai, ise solA ( solaha ) kahate haiM / 1. dravyazuddhi - AhAra meM lagane vAlI sAmagrI zuddha honA caahie| ise cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| 372 :: jainadharma paricaya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir (ka) anna zuddhi - ghunA, bIMdhA huA anAja na ho| jisameM trasajIvoM kA saMdeha ho, una padArthoM kA tyAga karanA caahie| annAdika acchI taraha zodhA gayA ho| mana kI asAvadhAnI evaM pramAda pUrvaka na zodhA gayA ho, zodhana - vidhi ajAnakAra sAdharmI evaM jAnakAra vidharmI se nahIM karAnA caahie| jisa anna ko zodhe bahuta samaya na ho gayA ho, usakA maryAdA se adhika kAla na ho gayA ho, aura yadi ho gayA ho, to use puna: zodhana karanA cAhie / sabjI, phala Adi zuddha dhule hue ho, jyAdA pake va jyAdA kacce na ho, sar3e-gale na ho, jyAdA bar3e, jyAdA choTe na ho, paMcaudambara phala, kanda-mUla, patra va puSpa jAti kI vanaspatiyA~ na ho, apane svabhAva se calita arthAta anya rUpa svAda vAle, aMkurita, phaphU~da lage padArtha na ho| vAsA bhojana, Asava, ariSTa, acAra, murabbA, makkhana, madya, mAMsa, madhu Adi azuddha dravya na ho / ' bhojana banAne evaM khAne vAle bartana TUTe nahIM honA cAhie / (kha) jalazuddhi - patthara phor3akara nikAlA huA arthAta parvatIya jharanoM kA, rahaTa For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #382
dvArA tAr3ita huA vApiyoM kA garama jala zreSTha hotA hai| ghI, taila, dUdha, pAnI Adi patale padArthoM ko binA chane kabhI kAma meM nahIM lenA caahie| chanA jala do ghar3I, lavaMgAdi DAlane para chaha ghaMTe evaM uvalane para 24 ghaMTe taka pIne-yogya rahatA hai, isake bAda binA chane ke samAna hai| 36 aMgula lambe, 24 aMgula caur3e vastra ko doharA karane pAnI chAnanA caahie| (ga) agni-zuddhi-bhojana pakAne ke lie IMdhana ghunA, jIva sahita, gIlA evaM chilakA lagA na ho| agni jalAne se pahale IMdhana cUlhA zodhakara jIva rahita kara lenA caahie| (gha) kartA-zuddhi-bhojana banAne vAlA svastha ho, snAnAdika kara svaccha kapar3e pahane ho, nAkhUna bar3e na ho, aMgulI Adi kaTa jAne para khUna kA sparza na ho, garmI meM pasInA kA sparza na ho, yA pasInA khAdya vastu meM na gire| jyAdA bAta na karatA ho, dRSTi acchI ho, acchI taraha sunatA ho, dayAlu, vivekavAna, pAka-kalA evaM bhakSyAbhakSya kA jAnakAra ho, krodhI aura caTorA na ho| bhojana banAne vAlI bacce ko stanapAna karAne vAlI yA garbhiNI na ho| rogI, atyanta vRddha, bAlaka, andhA, gUMgA, azakta, bhaya yukta, zaMkA-yukta atyanta najadIka khar3A huA, dUra khar3A huA, lajjA se mu~ha pherane vAlA, jUtA-cappala pahina kara bhojana banAne evaM parosane vAlA nahIM honA caahie| 2. kSetra-zuddhi-bhojana banAne kA sthAna aura AhAra grahaNa karane kA sthAna zuddha honA anivArya hai| kSetra-zuddhi cAra prakAra kI hai| (ka) prakAza-zuddhi- bhojana dina meM hI banAnA cAhie, rAtri meM jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai| sUrya ke prakAza meM jIva nahIM Ate, kintu kRtrima prakAza meM jIvoM kA AvAgamana jyAdA hotA hai| atyanta a~dhere sthAna meM bhojana banAnA aura grahaNa karanA hAnikAraka hai| rasoIghara meM prAkRtika prakAza AnA caahie| (kha) vAyu-zuddhi- rasoIghara khulA huA ho, jisase zuddha vAyu A-jA ske| bhojana-zAlA meM jahA~ prakAza Avazyaka hai? vahIM svaccha vAyu kA pravAha bhI honA caahie| gande sthAna se durgandhayukta vAyu rasoIghara yA bhojana kakSa meM nahIM AnA caahie| uttara yA pUrva dizA se pravAhita hokara vAyu kA AnA zreSTha hotA hai| sUrya prakAza se saMskArita vAyu svAsthya ke lie lAbhadAyaka hotI hai| gandagI, rogI, mAMsAhArI bhojanabanAne kI jagaha evaM kacarA jalane kI ora se vAyu na AtI ho| (ga) sthAna-zuddhi- bhojana banAne evaM grahaNa karane kA sthAna a~dhere meM na ho, zmazAna, bUcar3akhAnA, madirAlaya, vezyAlaya, jAnavaroM ke bA~dhane kA sthAna, mAMsa pakAne kA sthAna, sArvajanika Ane-jAne kA mArga evaM durgandha yukta sthAna nahIM honA caahie|| solA :: 373 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #383
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhojanazAlA mala, mUtra tyAgane ke sthAna evaM manuSya aura tiryaMca ke zarIra ke avayavoM se dUra honA caahie| rasoIghara aura zaucAlaya pAsa-pAsa na ho, tathA gIlA camar3A, haDDI, mAMsa, nakha, keza Adi ke sambandha se rahita bhUmi zreSTha hai / ' (gha) durgandha rahita - jahA~ nirantara durgandha AtI ho, azuddha vastu jalAI jAtI ho, kacarA DAlA jAtA ho, zUdra rahate ho, gandI nAlI bahatI ho, zUdroM kA AnA-jAnA ho, durgandha vAlI vastu kA bhaMDArana ho, kITanAzaka, jaharIlI vastuoM kA vyApAra ho, saDA~dha AtI ho, dhuA~ rukatA ho, aise sthAna kA AhAra ke lie tyAga kara denA cAhie / 3. kAlazuddhi - AhArazuddhi ke lie samaya kA dhyAna rakhanA caahie| yaha AhAra ko prabhAvita karatA hai / ise cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiN| (ka) grahaNa kAla - bhojana banAte yA AhAra grahaNa karate samaya candragrahaNa, sUryagrahaNa nahIM honA cAhie, aise samaya meM svAsthya ke lie hAnikAraka kiraNeM nikalatI haiN| bijalI giranA, indradhanuSa honA, akAlavRSTi, meghagarjana, meghoM ke samUha se AcchAdita dizAe~, dizAdAha, dhUmikApAta (kuharA) Adi kA abhAva hone se kAla-zuddhi hotI hai 110 (kha) zoka-kAla- rAjA evaM priyajana kA maraNa kAla AcArya, sAdhu kI samAdhi kA samayatra zoka ke vAtAvaraNa meM bhojana banAnA evaM AhAra grahaNa karanA dUSaNa hai| sukhaduHkha aura zoka ke samaya kA abhAva kAla-zuddhi hai / (ga) rAtri - kAla - rAtri ke samaya bhojana banAnA aura grahaNa karanA azuddha, azubha evaM svAsthya ke lie hAnikAraka hai| dina meM bhI jahA~ a~dherA rahatA ho, vidyuta prakAza karanA par3atA ho, aise sthAna meM bhojana banAnA evaM grahaNa karanA rAtribhojana ke dUSaNa se sahita hotA hai| rAtri meM bhojana banAnA evaM grahaNa karane se asaMkhyAta jIvoM kI hiMsA hotI hai / ataH rAtri- - kAla zuddha nahIM hotA hai / (gha) prabhAvanA - kAla - dharma - prabhAvanA yA utsava ke samaya bhojana banAnA evaM grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| saMnyAsa kA kAla, mahA - upavAsa, nandIzvara mahimA evaM jina mahimA ke samaya ko chor3akara AhAra taiyAra karanA evaM grahaNa karanA zreSTha hai / " 4. bhAva-zuddhi - bhojana banAne, parosane, grahaNa karane vAloM ke bhAvoM meM zuddhi honA caahie| yaha cAra prakAra se ho sakatI hai / (ka) vAtsalya-bhAva- AtmA meM uThane vAlI bhAvarUpI taraMgoM kA prabhAva samasta jar3a evaM cetana padArthoM para par3atA hai / hamArI bhAvanAoM kA prabhAva svayaM ke zarIra meM sthita granthiyoM para bhI par3atA hai, yadi hamAre bhAva IrSyA, DAha, dveSa, krodha evaM badale kI bhAvanA se yukta hote haiM, to amRta tulya kiyA gayA bhojana bhI jahara jaisA kArya karatA hai, ataH bhojana grahaNa karane evaM parosane vAle ke bhAva nisvArtha, nirapekSa aura sneha se anuraMjita 374 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #384
honA caahie| (kha) karuNA-bhAva-bhojana banAne evaM parosane vAle ko pratyeka jIva ke prati karuNa bhAva rakhanA Avazyaka hai, tabhI vaha nirdoSa, svAsthya-vardhaka bhojana parosa sakatA hai| binA karuNA ke bhojana arucikara, apUrNa evaM vikRti karane vAlA hotA hai, puSTikAraka nahIM hotA hai| bhojana grahaNa karane vAle ko jIvoM ke prati karuNA-bhAva rahanA cAhie, jisase use dhyAna rahe ki hamAre bhojana ke kAraNa anya jIvoM ko kaSTa yA unakI virAdhanA to nahIM ho rahI hai| karuNA bhAva hI zAkAhAra ko protsAhana detA hai| mAMsAhArI ke karuNA nahIM hotI hai| bahuta jIvoM kA ghAta jisa vanaspati ke sevana se hotA hai, karuNA-bhAvoM kA kartA unakA tyAga kara detA hai| karuNAbhAva pUrvaka banAyA gayA bhojana hI pavitra hotA hai| (ga) vinaya-bhAva- bhojana banAne, parosane evaM grahaNa karane vAloM ke arihantAdika paramaguruoM meM vinaya-bhAva kA honA Avazyaka hotA hai| ISyA na honA, tyAga meM viSAda na honA, dene kI icchA karane vAle meM, denevAloM meM yA jisane diyA hai, una-saba meM prIti honA, kuzala abhiprAya, pratyakSa phala kI AkAMkSA na honA, kisI se visaMvAda nahIM karanA, vinaya-bhAva rakhanA vinaya-zuddhi hai| (gha) dAna kA bhAva- bhakti, zraddhA, sattva, tuSTi, jJAna, alaulya, kSamA ke sAtha mana, vacana, kAya tathA kRta, kArita, aura anumodanA dvArA vizuddha AhArAdi dAna denA dAna-zuddhi hai| sAdhu yA zrAvaka ko bala, Ayu, evaM zarIra kI puSTi ke lie nahIM apitu jJAna (svAdhyAya), saMyama, dhyAna evaM prANoM ko dhAraNa karane ke lie bhojana denA dAna-zuddhi AhAra-pramANa- utanA hI bhojana grahaNa kareM, jitanA sugamatA se pacA skeN| gariSTa bhojana bhUkha se AdhA evaM halke padArthoM ko tRpti hone taka sevana kreN| vyakti ko bhUkha se adhika nahIM khAnA caahie| vaha AdhA peTa bhojana kareM, tRtIya bhAga jala se bhareM, evaM cauthA bhAga vAyu ke saMcAra ko avazeSa rkheN| ThaMDA aura garma bhojana milAkara grahaNa nahIM karanA, mAtrA se adhika evaM ati-tRSNA se bhojana grahaNa karanA, nindA, glAni karate hue bhojana grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie|" solaha prakAra kI zuddhi se zuddha bhojana karane vAlA niroga, apramAdI evaM utsAhI hotA huA vikArI bhAvoM se bacakara sanmArga para lagatA hai, baira bhAva kA abhAva hotA hai, paraspara meM prIti, vAtsalya evaM maitrIbhAva prakaTa hotA hai| sandarbha grantha sUcI 1. sarvArthasiddhi 2, 30, pR. 133, bhAratIya jJAnapITha san 1971 sampAdaka---paM. phUlacandra solA :: 375 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #385
siddhAntazAstrI, rAjavArtika 2, 30, pR. 376, prakAzaka-dulIcandra bAkalIvAla yUnivarsala ejensIja deragA~va AsAma, vArtika sampAdaka-DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina, hindI anuvAda - AryikA supArzvamati mAtA jii| 2. rAjavArtika 9, 7, 11, pR. 573 3. lATI saMhitA sarga 1, 19, 32 zrAvakAcAra saMgraha bhAga 3 prakAzaka-jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha (jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA) solApura, san 2003 sampAdaka, anuvAdaka-paM. hIrAlAla jaina zAstrI siddhaantaacaary| 4. lATI saMhitA sarga 1, 55 5. ratnamAlA 63, 64 jainendra siddhAnta koza bhAga 2, lekhaka kSu. jinendra varNI pR. 325, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana san 1993 6. lATI saMhitA sarga 1, 23 7. vrata vidhAna saMgraha 31 8. bhagavatI ArAdhanA vijayodayA TIkA 1200, pR. 946 lekhaka-AcArya zivakoTi, prakAzana zrI ema. esa. jaina, adhyakSa- zrI nirgrantha granthamAlA samiti dillI san 2008 9. dhavalA 9, 4, 15 10. dhavalA 9, 4, prakAzaka- jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha (jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA) solApura, san ___1986, sampAdaka, anuvAdaka -paM. phUlacandra siddhAntazAstrI 11. dhavalA 9, 4 12. AdipurANa 20, 82-85 pR. 452 AcArya jinasena, sampAdana, anuvAda-DaoN. pannAlAla siddhAntAcArya, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana san 1993 13. sAgAra dharmAmRta 5, 47 14. mUlArAdhanA 481-483 15. sAgAra dharmAmRta 6, 24, zrAvakAcAra saMgraha bhAga 2 16. mUlArAdhanA 491 17. anagAra dharmAmRta 5, 37, pR. 400 bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, san 1996 sampAdaka, anuvAdaka paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI siddhaantaacaary| 376 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #386
sallekhanA -paNDita ratanacanda bhArilla maraNa aura samAdhimaraNa-ye donoM mAnava kI antima samaya kI bilkula bhinna-bhinna sthitiyA~ haiN| yadi eka pUrva hai to dUsarA pazcima, eka ananta du:khamaya aura duHkhada hai to dusarA asIma sukhamaya va sukhd| maraNa kI duHkhada sthiti se sArA jagat su-paricita to hai hI, bhukta-bhogI bhI hai, para samAdhimaraNa kI sukhAnubhUti kA saubhAgya viraloM ko hI milatA hai, mila pAtA hai| sallekhanA samAdhimaraNa ke samaya hone vAlI kAya va kaSAya ko kRSa karane kI prakriyA kA nAma hai| AtmA kI amaratA se anabhijJa ajJajanoM kI dRSTi meM 'maraNa' sarvAdhika duHkhada, apriya, aniSTa va azubha prasaMga ke rUpa meM hI mAnya rahA hai| unake lie 'maraNa' eka aisI anahonI aghaTa ghaTanA hai, jisakI kalpanA mAtra se ajJAniyoM kA kalejA kA~pane lagatA hai, kaNTha avaruddha ho jAtA hai, hAtha-pA~va phUlane lagate haiN| unheM aisA lagane lagatA hai ki mAnoM una para koI aisA apratyAzita-akasmAt anabhra vajrapAta hone vAlA hai, jo unakA sarvanAza kara degA, nesta-nAbUta kara degA, unakA astitva hI samApta kara degaa| samasta sambandha aura iSTa saMyoga anantakAla ke lie viyoga meM badala jaaeNge| aisI sthiti meM unakA 'maraNa' 'samAdhimaraNa' meM pariNata kaise ho sakatA hai?...arthAt nahIM ho sktaa| jaba cAritramohavaza yA antarmukhI puruSArtha kI kamajorI ke kAraNa AtmA kI amaratA se suparicita-samyagdRSTi-vijJajana bhI 'maraNa-bhaya' se pUrNatayA aprabhAvita nahIM raha pAte, unheM bhI samaya-samaya para iSTa-viyoga ke vikalpa satAye binA nahIM rhte| aisI sthiti meM deha-jIva ko eka mAnane vAle mohI-bahirAtmAoM kI to bAta hI kyA hai?....mRtyubhaya se unakA prabhAvita honA va bhayabhIta honA to svAbhAvika hI hai| maraNakAla meM cAritramoha ke kAraNa yadyapi jJAnI ke tathA ajJAnI ke bAhya vyavahAra meM adhikAMza koI khAsa antara dikhAyI nahIM detA, donoM ko eka jaisA rote-bilakhate, duHkhI hote bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai| phira bhI AtmajJAnI-samyagdRSTi va ajJAnI-mithyAdRSTi ke mRtyubhaya meM jamIna-AsamAna kA antara hotA hai; kyoMki donoM kI zraddhA meM bhI jamInaAsamAna jaisA hI mahAna antara A jAtA hai| sallekhanA :: 377 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #387
sva-para ke bhedajJAna se zUnya ajJAnI maraNakAla meM atyanta saMklezamaya pariNAmoM se prANa chor3ane ke kAraNa narakAdi gatiyoM meM jAkara asIma duHkha bhogatA hai; vahIM jJAnI maraNakAla meM vastusvarUpa ke cintana se sAmyabhAvapUrvaka deha visarjita karake maraNa' ko 'samAdhimaraNa' meM athavA mRtyu ko mahotsava meM badalakara svargAdi sukhada gati ko prApta karatA hai| ___ yadi dUradRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAya, to mRtyu-jaisA mitra anya koI nahIM hai, jo jIvoM ko jIrNa-zIrNa-jarjara tana-rUpa kArAgRha se nikAlakara divya-deha-rUpa devAlaya meM pahu~cA detA hai| kahA bhI hai "mRtyurAja upakArI jiya kau, tana soM tohi chudd'aavai| nAtara' yA tana bandIgRha meM, par3o-par3au billaavai||" kalpanA kareM, yadi mRtyu na hotI, to aura kyA-kyA hotA, vizva kI vyavasthA kaisI hotI? are! samyagdRSTi kI dRSTi meM to mRtyu koI gambhIra samasyA hI nahIM hai, kyoMki use mRtyu meM apanA sarvasva naSTa hotA pratIta nahIM hotaa| tattva-jJAnI yaha acchI taraha jAnatA hai ki mRtyu kevala purAnA jhoMpar3A chor3akara naye bhavana meM nivAsa karane ke samAna sthAnAntaraNa mAtra hai, purAnA mailA-kucailA vastra utArakara nayA vastra dhAraNa karane ke samAna hai; parantu jisane jIvana-bhara pApAcaraNa hI kiyA ho, Arta-raudra-dhyAna hI kiyA ho, naraka-nigoda jAne kI taiyArI hI kI ho, usakA to rahA-sahA puNya bhI aba kSINa ho rahA hai, usa ajJAnI aura abhAge kA duHkha kauna dUra kara sakatA hai? aba usake maraNa sudharane kA bhI avasara samApta ho gayA hai; kyoMki usakI to aba gati ke anusAra mati ko bigar3anA hI hai| samyagdRSTi yA tattvajJAnI ko deha meM Atmabuddhi nahIM rhtii| vaha deha kI nazvaratA, kSaNabhaMguratA se bhalI-bhA~ti paricita hotA hai| vaha jAnatA hai, vicAratA hai ki "nau daravAje kA pIMjarA, tAmeM suA smaay| ur3ave ko acaraja nahIM, acaraja rahave mA~hi // " __ ataH use mukhyatayA to mRtyubhaya nahIM hotA; kintu kadAcit yaha bhI sambhava hai ki samyagdRSTi bhI mithyAdRSTiyoM kI taraha A~sU bhaaye| purANoM meM bhI aise udAharaNa upalabdha haiM-rAmacandrajI kSAyika samyagdRSTi the, tadbhava mokSagAmI the, phira--bhI chaha mahIne taka lakSmaNa ke zava ko kandhe para Dhote phire / kavivara banArasIdAsa kI maraNAsanna vipanna dazA dekhakara logoM ne yahA~ taka kahanA prArambha kara diyA thA ki-"patA nahIM inake prANa kisa moha-mAyA meM aTake haiM ? ...logoM kI isa TIkA-TippaNI ko sunakara unhoMne sleTa paTTI mA~gI aura usa para likhA jJAna kutakkA hAtha, mAri ari mohnaa| pragaTyo rUpa svarUpa, ananta su sohnaa|| jA parajai ko anta, satyakari jaannaa| cale banArasidAsa, phera nahiM aavnaa|| 378 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #388
ataH mRtyu ke samaya jJAnI kI A~khoM meM A~sU dekhakara hI use ajJAnI nahIM mAna lenA cAhie, kyoMki vaha abhI zraddhA ke stara taka hI mRtyubhaya se mukta ho pAyA hai...cAritramoha janita kamajorI to abhI hai hI na?....phira bhI vaha vicAra karatA hai ki-"svatantratayA svacAlita anAdikAlIna vastu-vyavasthA ke antargata 'maraNa' eka satya tathya hai, jise na to nakArA hI jA sakatA hai, na TAlA hI jA sakatA hai aura na Age-pIche hI kiyA jA sakatA hai|" karma siddhAnta ke anusAra bhI jIvoM kA jIvana-maraNa va sukha-du:kha apane-apane karmAnusAra hI hotA hai| kahA bhI hai "pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTaM, svayaM kRtaM karma nirarthakaM tdaa|" yadyapi jJAnI va ajJAnI apane-apane vikalpAnusAra ina pratikUla paristhitiyoM ko TAlane ke anta taka bharasaka prayAsa karate haiM, tathApi unake ve prayAsa saphala nahIM hote, ho bhI nahIM skte| antata: isa paryAyagata satya se to saba kA gujaranA hI par3atA hai| jo vijJajana tattva-jJAna ke bala para isa uparyukta satya ko svIkAra kara lete haiM, unakA maraNa samAdhimaraNa ke rUpa meM badala jAtA hai aura jo ajJa-jana ukta satya ko svIkAra nahIM karate, ve atyanta saMklezamaya pariNAmoM se marakara narakAdi gatiyoM ko prApta karate haiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki-jJAnIjana svatantra sva-saMcAlita vastusvarUpa ke isa prAkRtika tathya se bhalIbhA~ti paricita hone se zraddhA ke stara taka mRtyubhaya se bhayabhIta nahIM hote aura apanA amUlya samaya vyartha cintAoM meM va vikathAoM meM barbAda nahIM karate; kintu isa tathya se sarvathA aparicita ajJAnI-jana anAdikAla se ho rahe janma-maraNa evaM lokaparaloka ke ananta va asIma duHkhoM se be-khabara hokara janma-maraNa ke hetubhUta vikathAoM meM evaM choTI-choTI samasyAoM ko tUla dekara apane amUlya samaya va sImita zakti ko barbAda karate haiM, yaha bhI eka vicAraNIya bindu hai| aise loga na kevala samaya va zakti barbAda hI karate haiM, balki Arta-raudra-dhyAna karake pracura pApa bhI bA~dhate rahate haiN| yaha unakI sabase bar3I mAnavIya kamajorI hai|| yaha manovaijJAnika tathya hai ki- jaba bhI aura jahA~ kahIM bhI do paricita vyakti bAtacIta kara rahe hoMge, ve nizcita hI kisI tIsare kI burAI-bhalAI yA TIkA-TippaNI hI kara rahe hoNge| unakI carcA ke viSaya rAga-dveSa-varddhaka vikathAe~ hI hoNge| sAmAjika va rAjanaitika vividha gatividhiyoM kI AlocanA-pratyAlocanA karake ve aisA garva kA anubhava karate haiM, mAnoM ve hI sampUrNa rASTra kA saMcAlana kara rahe hoN| bhale hI, unakI marjI ke anusAra pattA bhI na hilatA ho| naye jamAne ko kosanA, burA-bhalA kahanA va purAne jamAne ke gIta gAnA to mAnoM unakA janmasiddha adhikAra hI hai| unheM kyA patA ki ve yaha vyartha kI bakavAsa dvArA Arta-raudra-dhyAna karake kitanA pApa bA~dha rahe haiM, jo ki pratyakSa kugati kA kAraNa hai| bhalA jinake paira kabra meM laTake hoM, jinako yamarAja kA bulAvA A gayA ho, jinake sallekhanA :: 379 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #389
mAthe ke dhavala-keza mRtyu kA sandeza lekara A dhamake hoM, jinake aMga-aMga ne javAba de diyA ho, jo kevala kucha hI dinoM ke mehamAna raha gaye hoM, parijana-purajana bhI jinakI ciravidAI kI mAnasikatA banA cuke hoN| apanI antima vidAI ke ina mahattvapUrNa kSaNoM meM bhI kyA unheM apane paraloka ke viSaya meM vicAra karane ke bajAya ina vyartha kI bAtoM ke lie samaya hai? ho sakatA hai ki unake vicAra sAmayika hoM, satya hoM, tathya-paraka hoM, laukika dRSTi se janopayogI hoM, nyAya, nIti ke anukUla hoM, parantu isa nakkAra khAne meM tUtI kI AvAja sunatA kauna hai? kyA aisA karanA pahAr3a se mAthA mAranA nahIM hai?....yaha to unakA aisA araNya rudana hai, jise pazu-pakSI aura jaMgala ke jAnavaroM ke sivAya aura koI nahIM suntaa| vaise to jainadarzana meM zraddhA rakhane vAle sabhI logoM kA yaha kartavya hai ki ve tattva-jJAna ke Alambana se jagat ke jJAtA-dRSTA banakara rahanA sIkheM; kyoMki sabhI ko zAnta va sukhI honA hai, Ananda se rahanA hai, para vRddhajanoM kA to ekamAtra yahI kartavya raha gayA hai ki jo bhI ho rahA hai, ve usake kevalajJAtAdRSTA hI raheM, usameM ruci na leM, rAga-dveSa na kareM; kyoMki vRddhajana yadi aba bhI sacce sukha ke upAyabhUta samAdhi kA sAdhana nahIM apanAe~ge to kaba apanAe~ge?....phira unheM yaha svarNa-avasara kaba milegA? unakA to aba apane agale janma-janmAntaroM ke bAre meM vicAra karane kA samaya A hI gayA hai| ve usake bAre meM kyoM nahIM socate? isa vartamAna jIvana ko sukhI banAne aura jagat ko sudhArane meM unhoMne aba-taka kyAkucha nahIM kiyA? bacapana, javAnI aura bur3hApA - tInoM avasthAe~ isI udher3abuna meM hI to bitAI haiM, para kyA huA? jo kucha kiyA, ve saba reta ke gharoMde hI to sAbita hue, jo banAte-banAte hI Dhaha gaye aura hama hAtha malate raha gaye; phira bhI ina sabase bairAgya kyoM nahIM huA? Apako yaha jJAta honA cAhie ki yaha manuSya paryAya, uttama kula va jinavANI kA zravaNa uttarottara durlabha hai| anantAnanta jIva anAdi se nigoda meM haiM, unameM se kucha bhalI honahAra vAle birale jIva bhAr3a meM se ucaTe birale canoM kI bhA~ti nigoda se ekendriya Adi paryAyoM meM Ate haiN| vahA~ bhI ve lambe kAla taka pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu evaM vanaspatikAyoM meM janma-maraNa karate rahate haiN| unameM se bhI kucha birale jIva hI bar3I durlabhatA se do-indriya, tIna-indriya, cAra-indriya evaM paMcendriya paryAyoM meM Ate haiN| yahA~ taka to ThIka; para isake uparAnta manuSyaparyAya, uttamadeza, susaMgati, zrAvakakula, samyagdarzana, saMyama, ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA Adi to uttarottara aura bhI mahAdurlabha haiM. jo ki hameM hamAre sAtizaya puNyodaya se sahaja prApta ho gaye haiN| to kyoM na hama apane ina amUlya kSaNoM kA sadupayoga kara leN| apane isa amUlya samaya ko vikathAoM meM vyartha barabAda karanA koI buddhimAnI nahIM hai| hama pratyakSa anubhava karate haiM ki tattvajJAna ke binA, AtmajJAna ke binA saMsAra meM koI sukhI nahIM hai, ajJAnI na to samatA, zAnti va sukhapUrvaka jIvita hI raha sakatA hai aura na 380 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #390
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka mara hI sakatA hai| meM prayojanabhUta do-tIna pramukha 1 - ataH hameM AtmajJAna prApta karane ke lie mokSamArga siddhAntoM ko samajhanA ati Avazyaka hai / eka to yaha ki se pahale, kisI ko kabhI kucha nahIM milatA aura dUsarA yaha hai duHkha ke dAtA haiM, bhale-bure ke kartA haiM aura na koI hameM bhI sukha-duHkha de sakatA hai, hamArA bhalA-burA kara sakatA hai - bhAgya se adhika aura samaya - na to hama kisI ke sukha I kisI kavi ne kahA hai 44 'tuSTo hi rAjA yadi sevakebhyaH, bhAgyAt paraM naiva dadAti kiMcit / ahirnizaM varSati vArivAha tathApi patra tritayaH palAzaH // " rAjA sevaka para kitanA hI prasanna kyoM na ho jAye; para vaha sevaka ko usake bhAgya adhika dhana nahIM de sktaa| dina-rAta pAnI kyoM na barase, to bhI DhAka kI TahanI meM tIna se adhika patte nahIM nikalate / yaha pahalA siddhAnta nimitta - naimittika sambandha kI apekSA hai / isakA AdhAra jainadharma kI karma vyavasthA hai| dUsarA siddhAnta 'vastu svAtantrya' kA siddhAnta hai, jo ki jainadarzana kA prANa hai| isake anusAra 'jagata kI pratyeka vastu svabhAva se hI svatantrarUpa se pariNamanazIla hai, pUrNa svAvalambI hai / ' jaba taka yaha jIva isa vastusvAtantrya ke isa siddhAnta ko nahIM samajhegA aura krodhAdi vibhAva- bhAvoM ko hI apanA svabhAva mAnatA rahegA; apane ko para kA aura para ko apanA kartA-dhartA mAnatA rahegA taba taka samatA evaM samAdhi kA prApta honA sambhava nahIM hai / dekho, " loka ke pratyeka padArtha pUrNa, svatantra aura svAvalambI haiN| koI bhI dravya kisI parA-dravya ke AdhIna nahIM hai / eka dravya dUsare dravya kA kartA - bhoktA bhI nahIM hai / " aisI zraddhA evaM samajha se hI samatA AtI hai, kaSAyeM kama hotI haiM, rAga-dveSa kA abhAva hotA hai| basa, isIprakAra ke zraddhAna- jJAna va AcaraNa se AtmA niSkaSAya hokara samAdhimaya jIvana jI sakatA hai| svayaM kie jo karma zubhAzubha phala nizcaya hI ve dete| kare Apa phala deya anya to, svayaM kie niSphala hote // apane karma sivAya jIva ko, koI na phala detA kucha bhii| para detA hai yaha vicAra taja, sthira ho chor3a pramAda buddhi // - bhAvanAdvAtriMzatikA, AcArya amitagati : hindI anuvAda - yugalajI yahA~ koI vyakti jha~jhalAkara kaha sakatA hai ki - samAdhi .... samAdhi.... samAdhi... ? abhI se isa samAdhi kI carcA kA kyA kAma ?... yaha to maraNa ke samaya dhAraNa karane kI vastu hai na ?... abhI to isakI carcA zAdI ke prasaMga para mauta kI dhvani bajAne - jaisI apazakuna kI bAta hai na ? For Private And Personal Use Only sallekhanA :: 381

Page #391
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nahIM bhAI! aisI bAta nahIM hai, tumheM sunane va samajhane meM bhrama ho gayA hai, samAdhi va samAdhimaraNa-donoM bilkula alaga-alaga viSaya haiM / jaba samAdhi kI bAta cale, to use maraNa se na jor3A jaay| marate samaya to samAdhi-rUpa vRkSa ke phala khAye jAte haiN| bIja to samAdhi arthAt samatA-bhAva se jIvana jIne kA abhI hI bonA hogA, tabhI to usa samaya samAdhimaraNa-rUpa phala prApta ho skegaa| kahA bhI hai " darzana - jJAna - cAritra ko, prIti sahita apanAya / cyuta na hoya svabhAva se, vaha samAdhi phala pAya // " samAdhi to sAmya- bhAvoM se niSkaSAya- bhAvoM se, nirAkulatA se jIvana jIne kI kalA hai, usase maraNa kA kyA sambandha ?... hA~, jisakA jIvana samAdhimaya hotA hai, usakA maraNa bhI samAdhimaya ho jAtA hai; maraNa kI carcA to mAtra sajaga va sAvadhAna karane ke lie, zeSa jIvana ko saphala banAne ke lie, saMvega bhAvanA jagAne ke lie bIca-bIca meM A jAtI hai| so usameM bhI apazakuna- - jaisA kucha nahIM hai| bhAI ! mauta kI carcA apazakuna nahIM hai, balki use apazakuna mAnanA apazakuna hai| hameM isa kharagoza vAlI vRtti ko chor3anA hI hogA, jo mauta ko sAmane khar3A dekha apane kAnoM se A~kheM Dhaka letA hai aura svayaM ko surakSita samajha letA hai| jagat meM jitane bhI jIva janma lete haiM, ve sabhI marate to haiM hI; parantu sabhI jIvoM kI mRtyu ko mahotsava kI saMjJA nahIM dI jA sakatI, unake maraNa ko samAdhimaraNa nahIM kahA jA sktaa| hA~, jinhoMne tattva - jJAna ke bala para apanA jIvana bheda - vijJAna ke abhyAsa se, nija AtmA kI zaraNa lekara samAdhipUrvaka jiyA ho, niSkaSAya bhAvoM se, zAnta pariNAmoM se jiyA ho aura mRtyu ke kSaNoM meM dehAdi se mamatA tyAgakara samatApUrvaka prANoM kA visarjana kiyA ho, unake usa prANavisarjana kI kriyA-prakriyA ko hI samAdhimaraNa yA mRtyu- mahotsava kahate haiN| etadartha sarvaprathama saMsAra se saMnyAsa lenA hotA hai / saMnyAsa va samAdhi kA svarUpa saMnyAsa arthAt saMsAra, zarIra va bhogoM ko asAra, kSaNika evaM nAzavAn tathA duHkharUpa va duHkha kA kAraNa mAnakara unase virakta honA / saMnyAsa kI sarvatra yahI vyAkhyA hai| aise saMsAra, zarIra va bhogoM se virakta, Atma-sAdhanA ke patha para calane vAle bhavyAtmAoM ko saMnyAsI kahA jAtA hai / sAdhu to saMnyAsI hote hI haiM, gRhasthoM ko bhI isa saMnyAsa kI bhAvanA ko nirantara bhAnA hI caahie| 'samAdhi' ke lie nijasvarUpa kI samajha anivArya hai / AtmA kI pahacAna, pratIti va zraddhA samAdhi kA prathama sopAna hai| sacce deva - zAstra - guru kI zraddhA usameM nimitta hotI hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna va samyak cAritra rUpa mokSamArga para agrasara hokara saMnyAsapUrvaka hI samAdhi kI sAdhanA sambhava hai / samyagdarzana arthAt vastusvarUpa kI yathArtha zraddhA, jIva, 382 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #392
ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa tathA puNya-pApa Adi sAta tattva athavA nau padArthoM kI sahI samajha, inameM heyopAdeyatA kA viveka evaM sacce deva-zAstra-guru kI zraddhA anivArya hai| isake binA samyagdarzana kI prApti sambhava nahIM hai| saMnyAsa va samAdhi bhI isake binA sambhava nahIM hai| tattvoM kA manana, mithyAtva kA vamana, kaSAyoM kA zamana, indriyoM kA damana, AtmA meM ramaNa-yahI saba samAdhi ke sopAna haiN| vastutaH kaSAya-rahita zAnta pariNAmoM kA nAma hI to samAdhi hai| ____ zAstrIya zabdoM meM kaheM to-"AcArya jinasena kRta 'mahApurANa' ke ikkIsaveM adhyAya meM kahA hai-'sama' zabda kA artha hai ekarUpa karanA, mana ko ekarUpa yA ekAgra krnaa| isa prakAra zubhopayoga meM mana ko ekAgra karanA samAdhi zabda kA artha hai|" isI prakAra bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM bhI samAdhi ke sambandha meM likhA hai-"sama zabda kA artha hai ekarUpa karanA, mana ko ekAgra karanA, zubhopayoga meM mana ko ekAgra krnaa|" __ AcArya kundakunda kRta 'niyamasAra' gAthA 122 meM samAdhi kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki -"vacanoccAraNa kI kriyA kA parityAga kara vItarAga-bhAva se jo AtmA ko dhyAyA jAtA hai, use samAdhi kahate haiN|" ___ AcArya amRtacandra 'puruSArthasiddhayupAyu' meM kahate haiM ki sallekhanA AtmaghAta nahIM hai| mUla zloka nimna prakAra hai maragaDeNavazyaM bhAvini, kaSAya sallekhanA tanU karaNa maatre| rAgAdimantareNa vyApriyamANasya nAtmaghAto'sti / / 77 // avazyaMbhAvI maraNa ke samaya kaSAyoM ke kAraNa (rAga-dveSa kama karane se) prANa tyAga hone para bhI AtmaghAta nahIM hotaa| AtmaghAta kI spaSTIkaraNa karate hue likhA hai ki jo krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke vaza hokara zvAsa-nirodha, jala, agni, viSa, zastrAdi se apane prANa tyAgatA hai, use AtmaghAtI kahate haiM-mUla zloka isa prakAra hai yo hi kaSAyAviSTa, kuNbhk-jl-dhuumketu-vissshstraiH| vyaparopayati prANAn tasya syAt satyamAtmavadhaH / / 78 / / __ AcArya yogIndudeva kRta 'paramAtmaprakAza' kI 190vIM gAthA meM parama samAdhi kI vyAkhyA karate hue aisA kahA hai ki -"samasta vikalpoM ke nAza hone ko parama samAdhi kahate haiN|" ise hI dhyAna ke prakaraNa meM aisA kahA hai ki-"dhyeya aura dhyAtA kA ekIkaraNarUpa samarasIbhAva hI samAdhi hai|" 'syAdvAda maMjarI' kI TIkA meM yoga aura samAdhi meM antara spaSTa karate hue kahA hai"bAhyajalpa aura antarjalpa ke tyAgarUpa to yoga hai tathA svarUpa meM citta kA nirodha karanA sallekhanA :: 383 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #393
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra hai www. kobatirth.org samAdhi hai / " isa prakAra jahA~ bhI Agama meM samAdhi ke svarUpa kI carcA AI hai, use jIvana-sAdhanA, AtmA kI ArAdhanA aura dhyAna Adi nirvikalpa bhAvoM se hI jor3A hai| ataH samAdhi ke lie maraNa kI pratIkSA karane ke bajAya jIvana ko niSkaSAya bhAva se, samatApUrvaka, atIndriya AtmAnubhUti ke sAtha jInA jarUrI hai| jo sarvajJa svabhAvI AtmA ke Azraya se hI sambhava 1 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir tattvajJAna ke abhyAsa ke bala para jinake jIvana meM aisI samAdhi hogI, unakA maraNa bhI niyama se samAdhipUrvaka hI hogA / etadartha hameM apane jIvana meM jainadarzana ke pramukha siddhAntoM kA adhyayana aura unhIM kI bhAvanAoM ko bArambAra nAcanA, unakA bArambAra cintana karanA - anuprekSA karanA atyanta Avazyaka hai| tabhI hama rAga-dveSa se mukta hokara niSkaSAya- avasthA ko prApta kara skeNge| jinhoMne apanA jIvana samAdhipUrvaka jiyA ho, maraNa bhI unhIM kA samAdhipUrvaka hotA hai| vastutaH Adhi-vyAdhi va upAdhi se rahita AtmA ke nirmala pariNAmoM kA nAma hI samAdhi hai / para dhyAna rahe, jisane apanA jIvana ro-rokara jiyA ho, jinako jIvana-bhara saMkleza aura azAnti rahI ho, jinakA jIvana kevala AkulatA meM hI hAya-hAya karate bItA ho, jisane jIvana meM kabhI nirAkulatA kA anubhava hI na kiyA ho, jinheM jIvana bhara mukhyarUpa se Arta-dhyAna va raudra-dhyAna hI rahA ho, unakA maraNa kabhI nahIM sudhara sakatA; kyoMki " jaisI mati, vaisI gati / " - Agama ke anusAra jisakA Ayubandha jisa prakAra ke saMkleza yA vizuddha pariNAmoM meM hotA hai, usakA maraNa bhI vaise hI pariNAmoM meM hotA hai| ataH yahA~ aisA kahA jAyagA ki ' jaisI gati, vaisI mati" / 44 jaba taka Ayubandha nahIM huA, taba taka mati anusAra gati ba~dhatI hai aura agale bhava kI Ayubandha hone para 'gati ke anusAra mati' hotI hai / ataH yadi kugati meM jAnA pasanda na ho, to mati ko sumati banAnA evaM vyavasthita karanA Avazyaka hai, kumati kugati kA kAraNa banatI hai aura sumati se sugati kI prApti hotI hai / jinheM saMnyAsa va samAdhi kI bhAvanA hotI hai, nizcita hI unheM zubha Ayu evaM zubhagati bandha huA hai yA hone vAlA hai / anyathA unake aise uttama vicAra hI nahIM hote| kahA bhI hai I tAdRzI jAyate buddhi:, vyavasAyo'pi tAdRzaH / sahAyAstAdRzAH santi, yAdRzI bhavitavyatA // buddhi, vyavasAya aura sahAyaka kAraNa - kalApa sabhI samavAya eka honahAra kA hI anusaraNa karate haiM / mohI jIvoM ko to mRtyu iSTa-viyoga kA kAraNa hone se duHkhada hI anubhava hotI hai| bhalA mohI jIva isa antahIna viyoga kI nimittabhUta duHkhada mRtyu ko 384 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #394
mahotsava rUpa kaise de sakate haiM? ...arthAt nahIM de skte| ata: hameM maraNa sudhArane ke bajAya jIvana sudhArane kA prayatna karanA hogaa| mRtyu ko amRta mahotsava banAne vAlA maraNonmukha vyakti to jIvana-bhara ke tattvAbhyAsa ke bala para mAnasikarUpa se apane AtmA ke ajara-amara, anAdi-ananta, nityavijJAna-ghana va atIndriya Ananda svarUpa ke cintana-manana dvArA deha se dehAntara hone kI kriyA ko sahaja bhAva se svIkAra karake cira vidAI ke lie taiyAra hotA hai| sAtha hI cira vidAI dene vAle kuTumba-parivAra ke vivekI vyakti bhI bAhara se vaisA hI vairAgyaprada vAtAvaraNa banAte haiM, taba kahIM vaha mRtyu amRta mahotsava bana pAtI hai| kabhI-kabhI ajJAnavaza moha meM mUrchita ho parijana-purajana apane priyajanoM ko maraNAsanna dekhakara yA maraNa kI sambhAvanA se bhI rone lagate haiM, isase maraNAsanna vyakti ke pariNAmoM meM saMkleza hone kI sambhAvanA bar3ha jAtI hai, ataH aise vAtAvaraNa se use dUra hI rakhanA caahie| saMnyAsa, samAdhi va sallekhanA yadyapi saMnyAsa, samAdhi va sallekhanA eka paryAya ke rUpa meM hI prasiddha haiM, parantu saMnyAsa samAdhi kI pRSThabhUmi hai, pAtratA hai| saMnyAsa saMsAra, zarIra va bhogoM se viraktatA hai aura samAdhi samatAbhAva rUpa kaSAya-rahita zAnta pariNAmoM kA nAma hai tathA sallekhanA jainadarzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai, jo do zabdoM se milakara banA hai sat +lekhanA =sllekhnaa| isakA artha hotA hai-samyak prakAra se kAya evaM kaSAyoM ko kRza krnaa| AcArya samantabhadra ne 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' meM kahA hai ki upasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niHprtiikaare| dharmAyatan vimocanamAhuH sllekhnaamaaryaaH|| jaba upasarga, durbhikSa, bur3hApA athavA asAdhya roga Adi koI aisI anivArya paristhiti utpanna ho jAtI hai, jisake kAraNa dharma kI sAdhanA sambhava na rahe, to AtmA ke Azraya se kaSAyoM ko kRza karate hue anazanAdi tapoM dvArA kAya ko bhI kRza karake dharmarakSArtha maraNa ko varaNa karane kA nAma sallekhanA hai| ise hI mRtyu-mahotsava bhI kahate haiN| dharma ArAdhaka uparyukta paristhiti meM prItipUrvaka prasanna-citta se bAhya meM zarIrAdi saMyogoM ko evaM antaraMga meM rAga-dveSa Adi kaSAyabhAvoM ko kramazaH kama karate hue pariNAmoM meM zuddhi kI vRddhi ke sAtha zarIra kA parityAga karatA hai| basa, yahI sallekhanA kA saMkSipta svarUpa hai| samAdhi kI vyAkhyA karate hue zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai ki -'samarasI bhAvaH samAdhiH' samarasI bhAvoM kA nAma samAdhi hai| samAdhi meM trigupti (mana-vacana-kAya ko vaza meM karanA) kI pradhAnatA hone se samasta vikalpoM kA nAza honA mukhya hai| sallekhanA :: 385 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #395
sallekhanA meM jahA~ kAya va kaSAya kuza karanA mukhya hai, vahIM samAdhi meM nijazuddhAtma svarUpa kA dhyAna pramukha hai| sthUlarUpa se tInoM eka hote hue bhI sAdhana-sAdhya kI dRSTi se saMnyAsa samAdhi kA sAdhana hai aura samAdhi sallekhanA kA, kyoMki saMnyAsa binA samAdhi sambhava nahIM aura samAdhi binA sallekhanA-kaSAyoM kA kRza honA sambhava nahIM hotaa| sallekhanA ke Agama meM kaI prakAra se bheda kiye haiM; jinakA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai nitya-maraNa sallekhanA-pratisamaya hone vAle Ayukarma ke kSaya ke sAtha dravya sallekhanApUrvaka vikArI pariNAma vihIna zuddha pariNamana, nitya-maraNa sallekhanA hai| tadbhavamaraNa sallekhanA-bhujyamAna (vartamAna) Ayu ke anta meM zarIra aura AhAra Adi ke prati nirmamatva hokara sAmyabhAva se zarIra kA tyAganA, tadbhavamaraNa-sallekhanA hai| kAya-sallekhanA-kAya se mamatva kama karate hue kAya ko kRza karanA; use sahanazIla banAnA kAya-sallekhanA hai| etadartha kabhI upavAsa, kabhI ekAsana, kabhI nIrasa AhAra, kabhI alpAhAra (unodara)-isataraha krama-krama se zaktipramANa AhAra ko kama karate hue kramaza: dUdha, chAcha, garma pAnI se zeSa jIvana kA nirvAha karate maraNa ke nikaTa Ane para pAnI kA bhI tyAga karake deha kA tyAga karanA kAya-sallekhanA hai| bhakta-pratyAkhyAna sallekhanA-isameM bhI ukta prakAra se hI bhojana kA tyAga hotA hai| isakA utkRSTa kAla 12 varSa va jaghanyakAla antarmuhUrta hai| kaSAya sallekhanA-tattva-jJAna ke bala se kaSAyeM kRza krnaa| samAdhimaraNa-Agama meM maraNa yA samAdhimaraNa ke ullekha aneka apekSAoM se hue haiM-unameM nimnAMkita pA~ca prakAra ke maraNa kI bhI eka apekSA hai| __ 1. paNDita-paNDita maraNa-kevalI bhagavAna kI deha ko chor3ane kI kriyA ko paNDita-paNDita maraNa kahate haiN| isa maraNa ke bAda jIva punaH janma dhAraNa nahIM krtaa| 2. paNDita maraNa-yaha maraNa chaThaveM guNasthAna meM rahane vAle munirAjoM ke hotA hai| ekabAra aisA maraNa hone para do-tIna bhava meM hI mukti ho jAtI hai| 3. bAla paNDita maraNa-yaha maraNa dezasaMyamI ke hotA hai| isa maraNa ke hone para solahaveM svarga kI prApti ho sakatI hai| ___4. bAla maraNa-yaha maraNa caturthaguNasthAna meM rahane vAle avirata samyagdRSTiyoM ke hotA hai| isa maraNa se prAyaH svarga kI prApti hotI hai| 5. bAla-bAla maraNa-yaha kumaraNa mithyAdRSTi ke hotA hai| yaha maraNa karane vAle apanI-apanI lezyA va kaSAya ke anusAra cAroM gatiyoM ke pAtra hote haiN| pA~caveM bAla-bAla maraNa ko chor3akara ukta cAroM hI maraNa samAdhipUrvaka hI hote haiM, parantu svarUpa kI sthiratA aura pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA apanI-apanI yogyatAnusAra hotI hai| samAdhidhAraka yaha vicAra karatA hai ki-"jo duHkha mujhe abhI hai, isase bhI anantaguNe 386 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #396
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org duHkha maiMne isa jagat meM anantabAra bhoge haiM, phira bhI AtmA kA kucha bhI nahIM bigar3A / ataH isa thor3e se duHkha se kyA ghabarAnA ?... yadi pIr3A cintana ArtadhyAna hogA, to phira naye duHkha ke bIja par3a jAe~ge / ataH isa pIr3A para se apanA upayoga haTAkara maiM apane upayoga ko Atma-cintana meM lagAtA huuN| isase pUrva - baddha karmoM kI nirjarA to hogI hI, navIna karmoM kA bandha bhI nahIM hogaa| jo asAtA karma ke udaya meM duHkha AyA hai, use sahanA to par3egA hI, yadi samatApUrvaka saha leMge aura tattva - jJAna ke bala para saMkleza pariNAmoM se bace raheMge tathA AtmA kI ArAdhanA meM lage raheMge, to duHkha ke kAraNabhUta sabhI saMcita - karma kSINa ho jaaeNge|" Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hama cAhe nirbhaya raheM yA bhayabhIta, rogoM kA upacAra kareM yA na kareM, jo prabala karma udaya Ae~ge, ve to phala deMge hii| upacAra bhI karma ke mandodaya meM hI apanA asara dikhA skegaa| jaba taka asAtA kA udaya rahatA hai, taba taka auSadhi nimitta rUpa se bhI kAryakArI nahIM hotI / anyathA bar3e-bar3e vaidya, DAkTara, rAjA-mahArAjA to kabhI bImAra hI nahIM par3ate; kyoMki unake pAsa sAdhanoM kI kyA kamI ?... ataH spaSTa hai ki honahAra ke Age kisI kA vaza nahIM calatA, - aisA mAnakara Aye duHkha ko samatAbhAva se sahate hue saba ke jJAtAdRSTA banane kA prayAsa karanA hI yogya hai| aisA karane se hI maiM apane maraNa ko samAdhimaraNa meM pariNata kara sakatA hU~ / - 44 AcArya kahate haiM ki - yadi asahya vedanA ho rahI ho aura upayoga Atma - dhyAna meM na lagatA ho, maraNa samaya ho, to aisA vicAra kareM ki 'koI kitane hI prayatna kyoM na kare, para honahAra ko koI TAla nahIM sktaa| jo sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa jisa samaya honA hai, vaha to hokara hI rahatA hai|" 46 - 'kArtikeyAnuprekSA' meM spaSTa likhA hai ki - " sAdhAraNa manuSya to kyA, asIma zakti sampanna indra va ananta bala ke dhanI jinendra bhI sva- samaya meM hone vAlI sukha-duHkha va jIvana-maraNa paryAyoM ko nahIM palaTa skte|" aise vicAroM se sahaja samatA AtI hai aura rAga-dveSa kama hokara maraNa samAdhimaraNa meM badala jAtA hai / "samAdhi nAma niH kaSAya kA hai, zAnta pariNAmoM kA hai| (bhUmikAnusAra) kaSAya-rahita ( yA kaSAya kI mandatA meM ) zAnta pariNAmoM se maraNa honA samAdhimaraNa hai / " " samyagjJAnI puruSa kA yaha sahaja svabhAva hI hai ki vaha samAdhimaraNa kI hI icchA karatA hai / usakI hamezA yahI bhAvanA rahatI hai... anta meM maraNa samaya nikaTa Ane para vaha sAvadhAna ho jAtA hai / " samyagdRSTi ke hRdaya meM AtmA kA svarUpa pragaTarUpa se pratibhAsatA hai / ... vaha apane ko sAkSAt puruSAkAra, amUrtika, caitanya dhAtu kA piNDa, anantaguNoM se yukta caitanyadeva hI jAnatA hai, usake atizaya se hI vaha paradravya ke prati raMcamAtra bhI rAgI nahIM hotA / vaha maraNa ke samaya isaprakAra bhAvanA bhAtA hai ki - " aba mujhe aise cihna dikhAyI sallekhanA :: 387 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #397
dene lage haiM, jinase mAlUma hotA hai ki aba isa zarIra kI Ayu thor3I hI hai, isalie mujhe sAvadhAna honA ucita hai| isameM dera karanA ucita nahIM hai|" samAdhidhAraka jJAnI vyakti vicAra karatA hai ki -"maiM jJAtA-dRSTA huA zarIra ke nAza ko dekha rahA huuN| maiM isakA par3ausI hU~ na ki kartA yA svAmI / maiM to zarIrAdi ko tamAzagIra kI taraha dekha rahA huuN| merA svarUpa to eka cetanasvabhAva zAzvata avinAzI hai| usakI mahimA adbhuta hai|" "...tIna loka meM jitane padArtha haiM, ve saba apane-apane svabhAva rUpa pariNamana karate haiN| koI kisI kA kartA nahIM hai, koI kisI kA bhoktA nahIM hai|" ___ "maiM to isa jJAyaka svabhAva hI kA kartA aura bhoktA hU~ aura usI kA vedana evaM anubhava karatA huuN| isa zarIra ke jAne se merA kucha bhI bigAr3a nahIM aura isake rahane se merA koI sudhAra bhI nahIM hai|" ajJAnI jIva pitA-mAtA, bhAI-bhAbhI, pati-patnI, putra-putrI Adi sambandhI janoM ke viyoga meM vilApa karate haiM, jabaki jJAnI jIva vicAra karate haiM ki- ina saba saMyogoM ke abhAva meM vilApa karane se apane meM hI ArtadhyAna hogA; viyogI jIva to aba milane vAle haiM nahIM, ataH samatA meM hI sukha-zAnti hai| aise vicAra se jJAnI du:khI nahIM hote, du:kha ko lambAte nahIM hai| jJAnI vicAra karatA hai ki maiM to anAdikAla se avinAzI caitanyadeva triloka dvArA pUjya padArtha huuN| usa para kAla kA jora nahIM calatA, tathA maiM to caitanya zakti vAlA zAsvata banA rahane vAlA huuN| usakA anubhava karate hue duHkha kA anubhava kaise ho? nahIM hotaa| ___ mere sarvAMga meM caitanya hI caitanya usI prakAra vyApta hai, jisa prakAra namaka kI DalI meM sarvatra chAra vyApta hai, tathA zakkara meM miThAsa vyApta hai, madhura rasa vyApta hai| merA nija rUpa caitanya svarUpa ananta AtmIka sukha kA bhoktA hai / vaha AkAza ke samAna svaccha nirmala hai| maiM AkAza kI taraha amUrtika, nirvikAra, avinAzI, pUrNa nirmalatA kA piNDa huuN| nizcayataH mujhe merA svarUpa hI zaraNa hai aura bAhya rUpa se paMcaparameSThI, jinavANI aura ratnatraya dharma zaraNabhUta haiN| samyagdRSTi puruSa pahale to svarUpa meM hI upayoga lgaave| yadi usameM upayoga nahIM lage, to arahanta va siddha ke svarUpa kA avalokana kara unake dravya-guNa-paryAya kA vicAra kre| apane svarUpa jaisA hI arahantoM kA svarUpa hai aura arhanta-siddha jaisA hI apanA svarUpa hai, apane aura arhanta-siddhoM ke dravya svabhAva meM antara nahIM hai, kintu unake paryAya meM to antara hai hii| maiM to dravya-svabhAva kA hI grAhaka hU~, isalie arhanta kA dhyAna karate hue AtmA kA dhyAna bhalI prakAra samajhatA hai| arhantoM va AtmA ke svarUpa meM antara nahIM hai| cAhe arhanta kA dhyAna karo, cAhe AtmA kA dhyAna karo-donoM samAna haiN|' aisA vicAra karatA huA samyagdRSTi puruSa sAvadhAnIpUrvaka svabhAva meM sthita hotA hai| ___ samyagdRSTi puruSa mAtA-pitA se mamatva chur3Ane ke lie bahuta vistAra se kahatA hai ki 388 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #398
'aho isa zarIra ke mAtA-pitA! tuma nizcaya se mere AtmA ke mAtA-pitA nahIM ho| ataH moha chodd'o| isI prakAra patnI se tathA putra-putriyoM se evaM anya sabhI sambandhiyoM se hAtha jor3akara kahatA hai ki tuma-saba mere isa zarIra ke sambandhI ho, tuma aba isase mu~ha modd'o| hamArA-tumhArA yahIM taka kA sAtha thA, so ho gyaa| tuma saba bhI AtmA ko jAnakara, pahacAna kara isI meM jamo, ramo aura zIghra paramAtmA bno| merI tumhAre prati yahI sadbhAvanA hai|' sabhI bhavya jIva aise maMgalamaya samAdhimaraNa ko dhAraNa kara apane jIvana meM kI gaI AtmA kI ArAdhanA tathA dharma kI sAdhanA ko saphala karate hue sugati prApta kara sakate haiN| sArAMza rUpa meM kaheM to Adhi, vyAdhi aura upAdhi se rahita AtmA ke nirmala pariNAmoM kA nAma samAdhi hai| Adhi arthAt mAnasika cintA, vyAdhi arthAt zArIrika roga aura upAdhi arthAt para ke kartRtvakA bojha -ina tInoM se rahita AtmA kI vaha nirmala pariNati samAdhi hai, jisameM na koI cintA hai, na roga hai aura na para ke kartRtva kA bhAra hI hai| ekadama nirAkula, parama zAnta, atyanta nirbhaya aura nizaMka bhAva se jIvana jIvana jIne kI kalA hI vastutaH samAdhi hai| yaha samAdhi saMvega ke binA sambhava nahIM aura saMvega arthAt saMsAra se udAsI samyagdarzana ke binA sambhava nhiiN| samyagdarzana ke lie tattvAbhyAsa aura bheda-vijJAna anivArya hai| jise samAdhi dvArA sukhada jIvana jInA AtA hai, vahI vyakti sallekhanA dvArA mRtyu ko mahotsava banA sakatA hai, vahI zAntipUrvaka maraNa kA varaNa kara sakatA hai| samAdhi aura sallekhanA ko aura bhI sarala zabdoM meM paribhASita kareM, to hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki "samAdhi samatA bhAva se sukha-zAntipUrvaka jIvana jIne kI kalA hai aura sallekhanA mRtyu ko mahotsava banAne kA krAntikArI kadama hai, mAnava jIvana ko sArthaka aura saphala karane kA eka anokhA abhiyAna hai|" sallekhanA :: 389 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #399
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ahiMsA - eka saMkSipta pravezikA DaoN. sulekhacandra jaina ahiMsArthAya bhUtAnAM dharmapravacanaM kRtam / yaH syAdahiMsA saMyuktaH sa dharma iti nizcayaH / / ahiMsA aura jainadharma meM sambandha " jainiyoM ke lie ahiMsA eka Ama zabda hai, para bahuta se logoM ke lie hiMsA eka prati-dina kA anubhava hai| tarka-vitarka karane yA kisI se jhagar3A karane ke bAre meM ve adhika nahIM socte| unhoMne sacce prema kA kabhI anubhava nahIM kiyaa| unake lie tarka-vitarka karanA sAdhAraNa bAta hai| Aja kI lolupatA aura bhautikavAda isa hiMsA ko bar3hAvA dete haiM / " - DaoN. atula zAha, mukhya sampAdaka, jaina spiriTa, landana, iMglaiMDa ahiMsA jainadharma kI AtmA aura kendrIya dhurI hai aura isa saMsAra sAgara se pAra utarane kA ekamAtra sAdhana hai / merI mAnyatA hai ki ahiMsA aura jainadharma eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiN| jainadharma ahiMsA kI nIMva para khar3A hai| yadi jainadharma se ahiMsA lupta ho jAe, to jainadharma hI lupta ho jaaegaa| jaina dharmAnusAra vAstavika dharma vaha hai, jo prANI - mAtra ko jIvita rakhatA hai aura paraspara sadbhAva-pUrNa sambandha sthApita karatA hai| jainadharma kA nItizAstra apanI sampUrNatA meM ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ko AcaraNa meM DhAlane kA siddhAnta hai / For Private And Personal Use Only prazna : eka jaina, anya dharmAnuyAyiyoM se bhinna kaise hai ? hama kahate haiM ki jainadharma kA eka prAcIna samRddha itihAsa aura saMskRti hai / jainadharma aura isake anuyAyiyoM ne bhArata kI bhASAoM, kalAoM aura saMskRti ke vikAsa meM bahuta bar3A yogadAna diyA hai| jainadharma meM bahuta se zAstra aura dhArmika pustakeM haiM, kaI sundara mandira haiM aura kaI bahuta zikSita aura buddhimAna sAdhu aura sAdhviyA~ haiM / jainI apane Asa-pAsa ke samudAyoM kI zikSA, AyurvijJAna ke kSetra meM tathA sArvajanika bhalAI ke lie banAI gayI kaI anya saMsthAoM meM sevArata haiN| yadi jainI kI kisI eka viziSTatA ko iMgita karanA ho, to vaha ahiMsA hai, kevala 390 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #400
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org bAtacIta meM, sandeza meM yA pUjA meM hI nahIM, apitu mandira ke bhItara-bAhara sabhI sthAnoM para ahiMsA ko aharniza apane AcaraNa meM DhAla kara use eka svabhAva hI banA lenA caahie| ahiMsA eka jaina kA mUlamantra, usakI pahacAna, dharma aura gahanA honI caahie| jaina kauna hai ? - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir eka jaina ahiMsA, sneha, karuNA, zAnti, sAmaMjasya aura ekatA kA cihna honA caahie| ahiMsA karuNA kA paryAya hai- dUsare ke duHkha ko anubhava karanA hai / karma kI cAra avasthAe~ - -- jaina darzana meM karma kI cAra avasthAoM para mahattvapUrNa bala diyA gayA hai| ye haiM karma kA antaH pravAha - Amrava karma kA bandhana arthAt bandha karma ke antaH pravAha ko rokanA - saMvara karma kA vinAza - nirjarA sabhI para-tantra AtmAe~ karma se ba~dhI huI haiN| karmoM kI mAtrA evaM lakSaNa vyakti ke apane kAryoM para nirbhara karate haiM / karmoM ke antaH pravAha (Asrava) kA kAraNa hiMsA hai merA vizvAsa hai ki hiMsA hI pApoM ke Asrava (antaH pravAha) kA kAraNa hai aura ahiMsA karma ke saMvara kA mArga hai / jainadharma meM sAdhu aura sAdhviyA~ pA~ca bar3e vrata lete haiM, jinheM mahAvrata kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra sabhI sAdhAraNa vyakti pA~ca choTe vrata arthAt aNuvrata tathA sAta anya vrata (guNavrata, zikSAvrata ) lete haiM / siddhAntataH mahAvrata evaM aNuvrata eka samAna haiM, para mahAvrata meM ahiMsA para adhika bala hai / ye pA~ca vrata haiM - ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya tathA aparigraha | inameM ahiMsA prathama sthAna para hai| yahI mUlabhUta aura atyanta mahattvapUrNa vrata hai / ahiMsA nAva kI taraha saMsArasAgara pAra karane kA sAdhana hai / ataH ahiMsA ke siddhAnta kA artha vicAra, zabda aura karma meM zuddhatA lAnA hai aura sArvabhaumika sneha aura dayA kI bhAvanA se prerita honA hai / ahiMsA ko paribhASita karane ke lie kaI zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai - jaise ki karuNA, kisI ko coTa na pahu~cAnA, kisI kI hAni na karanA, aadi| inake lie saMskRta meM karuNA, anukampA aura dayA zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, para inameM se koI bhI zabda ahiMsA ke pUre prabhAva ko vyakta yA paribhASita karane meM asamartha hai| ahiMsA kevala sarvocca dharma aura sadguNa hI nahIM, apitu eka AdhyAtmika puruSa kA mUlamantra hai / ahiMsA kA pAlana kie binA koI adhyAtma ke mArga para nahIM cala sakatA / ahiMsaka kauna hai ? ahiMsaka kA jIvana kaisA hotA hai ? vaha jo ahiMsA kA pAlana kare, (sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA ) ahiMsaka kahalAtA hai| ahiMsaka kevala ahiMsA meM vizvAsa hI nahIM rakhatA, apitu vaha sakriya rUpa ahiMsA - eka saMkSipta pravezikA :: 391 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #401
se apane dainandina jIvana meM hara pala ahiMsA kA pAlana karatA hai| eka ahiMsaka ke lie, ahiMsA hI jIvana-mArga hai aura vaha jIvana-bhara kisI bhI jIva ko apane vicAroM, zabdoM yA kAryoM dvArA hAni na pahu~cAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| aisA AcaraNa ahiMsaka ke jIne kA DhaMga kahalAtA hai| eka jIva dvArA kI gaI hiMsA do prakAra kI hai (1) eka prAkRtika svabhAva yA naisargika pravRtti, jaisA ki mAMsAhArI pazu jo dUsare jIva kI bhojana ke lie hatyA karatA hai aura (2) varaNa, jisameM hiMsA karane vAlA sAdhAraNatayA manuSya hotA hai| sabhI jIvoM meM cAra Avazyaka saMjJAe~ eka-samAna hotI haiM / ye haiM- bhUkha, prajanana, nIMda evaM bhy| kevala manuSya hI apane khAne kA varaNa yA -phira vastra pahanane kA cunAva (binA kisI jIva ke prati hiMsA kie) kara sakatA hai| anya sabhI jIva isa prakAra kA cunAva nahIM kara skte| ve ina cAra Avazyaka kSetroM meM prAkRtika svabhAva aura AvazyakatAoM ke anusAra jIvana vyatIta karate haiN| prazna : kauna-sI prajAti hiMsA kA cunAva karatI hai? uttara spaSTa hai : saMsAra meM mAnava hI sarvAdhika hiMsA karate haiM, kyoMki ve hiMsA kA varaNa karate haiN| ve svabhAvAnusAra yA prAkRtika pravRtti hone ke kAraNa hiMsA nahIM krte| ve bhojana ke lie hiMsA karate haiM, kyoMki ve anya jIvoM kI hatyA karate haiN| ahiMsA kA itihAsa ahiMsA kA siddhAnta prAcIna guruoM ne lAkhoM varSa pahale pratipAdita kiyA thaa| lagabhaga sabhI cintaka evaM dharmaguru ise mAnava-caritra kA mUla siddhAnta mAnate haiN| yadyapi mahAvIra, buddha, jIsasa krAisTa jaise satya ke khojI aura lhotse, kanphyUziyasa jaise dArzanika evaM pAithAgorasa -jaisI vibhUtiyA~ bhaugolika rUpa se eka-dUsare se dUra the, para unakA darzana satya kI nirantaratA kA pratipAdana karatA hai; vizeSa rUpa se jainadharma meM 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH' kahA gayA hai| ___ bhagavAna mahAvIra kA upadeza isa zAzvata satya para AdhArita hai ki sabhI prANiyoM kA svabhAva prasannatA evaM zAnti se rahanA tathA paramAnanda kI prApti hai| AdhyAtmika stara para jainiyoM ne hiMsA ko pApa kA paryAya mAnA hai, jo karma bandhana, punarjanma aura usase jur3I pIr3A kA kAraNa hai| ata: jaba maiM kisI vyakti ke viruddha hiMsA karatA hU~, to sarva-prathama apane-Apako Ahata karatA huuN| jainadharma meM ahiMsA kA mUlAdhAra maiM AtmA hU~, zarIra nhiiN| maiM sanAtana hU~ nirantara aura pavitra / isa brahmANDa meM rahane vAlA pratyeka prANI - choTA yA bar3A, mAnava yA pazu, per3a-paudhe aura anya jIva sabhI kI merI 392 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #402
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org taraha eka AtmA hai| sabhI AtmAe~ sanAtana, svatantra aura vaiyaktika haiN| pratyeka AtmA athAha jJAna, bodha aura cetana svarUpa hai| pratyeka AtmA zAnti aura Ananda meM rahanA cAhatI hai| koI bhI AtmA kaSTa bhoganA nahIM cAhatI / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ahiMsA kI paribhASA ahiMsA kI vistRta evaM sarva- samAvezI paribhASA isa prakAra hai "mAnasika, zAbdika, zArIrika, spaSTa yA aspaSTa rUpa se, jAne yA anajAne meM, sAbhiprAya aura binA zarta ke, svayaM se yA dUsaroM dvArA kisI bhI choTe-bar3e jIva ko AghAta na pahu~cAnA, Ahata na karanA, gAlI na denA, zoSaNa na karanA, apamAna na karanA, bhedabhAva na karanA, utpIr3ana na karanA aura na hI hatyA karanA hI ahiMsA hai / " ahiMsA ke kaI sAMketika artha haiN| jaba hama kahate haiM- ahiMsA, to sAdhAraNatayA hama socate haiM ki kisI ko bhI apane zabdoM yA kRtyoM se na mAranA yA AghAta pahu~cAnA, para yaha ahiMsA kA kevala dasa pratizata artha hI hai / eka hima nadI kI taraha isakA adhikAMza artha pracchanna hI rahatA hai / bIsavIM zatAbdI ke samAja-sudhAraka AcArya tulasI ahiMsA ko paribhASita karate hue tIna zarteM rakhate haiN| prathama - kisI bhI jIva kI mAnasika, zAbdika yA apane kRtyoM se hatyA na kareM, usako AghAta na pahu~cAe~ / dvitIya - sabhI prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva rakheM / Adara, sneha, dayA aura karuNA bhI isameM sammilita haiM / tRtIya - sadA satarka raheM / vAstava meM ahiMsA binA zarta ke sabhI prANiyoM ke prati sneha, karuNA aura Adara - bhAva hai / ahiMsA ke do prakAra ahiMsA kI yaha paribhASA sampUrNa, sArvabhaumika binA zarta ke aura sanAtana hai / isameM koI doSa nahIM hai| mere mata meM anekAntavAda - 'koI, eka dRSTikoNa pUre satya ko udghATita nahIM karatA', hameM ahiMsA kI koI anya paribhASA ko cunane kI svatantratA nahIM detA / ahiMsA kA kevala eka hI artha hai| jaina dharmAnusAra ahiMsA pratyeka vyakti kA dharma hai| ise sadaiva apanI pUrI zakti ke anusAra vyavahAra meM lAnA hai| yaha pravacana yA upadeza ke lie nahIM, apitu pAlana karane ke lie hai / ahiMsA do prakAra kI ho sakatI hai 1. nakArAtmaka - yaha kisI ko bhI kisI prakAra se hAni na pahu~cAne kA siddhAnta hai| ( yaha " jiyo aura jIne do" kahA jAtA hai) DaoN. DI. Ara. mehatA ise nakArAtmaka avadhAraNA mAnate haiM / 2. sakArAtmaka-- yaha siddhAnta dUsaroM kI pIr3A dUra karane meM sahAyatA karanA hai| ("ise ahiMsA - eka saMkSipta pravezikA :: 393 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #403
jiyo aura dUsaroM ko jIne meM sahAyatA karo" kahA jAtA hai) isa artha meM hama eka darzaka kI taraha hiMsA hote hue nahIM dekha skte| jaina dharmagranthoM meM batAye gae ahiMsA ke 18 prakAra - bahuta se jainI pratikramaNa saMskAra kA pAlana karate haiN| kucha ise pratidina karate haiM, kucha varSa meM kucha baar| paryaSaNa aura dasa lakSaNa ke daurAna kA zvetAmbara evaM digambara donoM pratikramaNa pAlana karate haiN| pratikramaNa eka suvyavasthita evaM vicArAtmaka prakriyA hai, jo vyakti ke jIvana para ekAgra kI gaI hai (pichale 24 ghaNToM meM, cha: mahInoM meM, varSa bhara meM yA-phira jo bhI samaya nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai) aura vyakti isameM ImAnadArI se svayaM mUlyAMkana karatA hai ki usane kyA, kahA~ aura kaba hiMsA kI? 18 prakAra ke pApa isa prakAra haiM-hiMsA, jhUTha bolanA, corI karanA, indriya sukha, saMcita karanA, krodha, ahaM, dhokhA, lAlaca, moha, vidveSa, jhagar3A, jhUThA lAMchana lagAnA, nindA karanA, anurAga evaM asantuSTi, dUsaroM ke bAre meM vyartha bAteM karanA evaM galata dhAraNA rkhnaa| prazna : kyA pIr3A kA stara evaM tIvratva sabhI jIvoM para eka-jaisA hotA hai cAhe unakI kitanI bhI indriyA~ hoM? isakA uttara hai-nhiiN| pIr3A kA stara evaM tIvratva sabhI jIvoM meM eka-samAna nahIM hotaa| yaha vibhinna jIvoM ke prANoM kI saMkhyA para nirbhara karatA hai| ataH sabhI jIvoM kA eka padAnukrama hai| eka ahiMsaka, eka indriya se pA~coM indriyoM vAle jIvoM ke padAnukrama kA Adara karatA hai| use jJAta hai ki sabhI jIva hiMsA kI mAtrA kA eka-samAna anubhava nahIM karate / ataH vaha apane nitya ke jIvana ko usI padAnukrama para AdhArita karatA hai| eka ahiMsaka jahA~ taka sambhava ho sake, bhojana, kapar3oM aura anya AvazyakatAoM ke lie sabhI jIvoM para krUratA aura unake zoSaNa kA bahiSkAra karatA hai| ___ nIce prANoM ke AdhAra para eka jIva dvArA anubhava kI gaI pIr3A kA sArAMza diyA gayA -eka indriya vAle jIva ke cAra prANa hote haiM : jIvana Ayu, zArIrika zakti, zvAsa aura sprsh| -do indriya vAle jIva ke chaH prANa hote haiM : jIvana Ayu, zArIrika zakti, zvAsa, sparza, svAda tathA bolane kI shkti| - tIna indriya vAle jIvoM ke sAta prANa hote haiM : Upara likhe sabhI tathA ghrANa shkti| - cAra indriyoM vAle jIva ke ATha prANa hote haiM : uparilikhita sabhI evaM dRsstti| 394 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #404
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir : pA~ca indriyoM vAle asainI jIva ke nau prANa hote haiM uparilikhita sabhI evaM zravaNa zakti / pA~ca indriyoM vAle sainI jIva ke dasa prANa hote haiM : uparilikhita sabhI evaM mAnasika zakti / jaina AcAra saMhitA jaina AcAra saMhitA eka ahiMsaka ke lie kucha niyama taya karatI hai - 1. maiM kisI bhI jIva kI jAnabUjha kara hatyA nahIM karU~gA aura na hI AtmahatyA karU~gA / 2. kisI karmacArI yA kArmika se nizcita samaya se adhika kArya nahIM lU~gA aura na hI pazuoM para adhika bojha lAdU~gA / 3. maiM bhrAmaka vicAroM kA pracAra nahIM karU~gA aura na hI kisI ko jhUThA phasAU~gA / 4. maiM kisI bhI aisI saMsthA kA sadasya nahIM banU~gA, jo hiMsA aura vidhvaMsa meM vizvAsa karatI ho aura na hI ina gatividhiyoM meM bhAga lU~gA / 5. maiM pazuoM para prayoga kI gaI vastuoM kA upayoga nahIM karU~gA / 6. maiM saba ko samabhAva se dekhU~gA aura sabhI dharmoM ke prati sahanazIlatA banAe rakhU~gA / 7. maiM zArIrika, mAnasika evaM bauddhika ahiMsA kA pAlana karU~gA / isa AcAra-saMhitA kA pAlana karate hue vyakti Atma-niyantraNa, mitra bhAva aura karuNA ko prApta karatA hai tathA lobha se chuTakArA pA letA hai / yaha pratyeka vyakti kI mukti ke lie Avazyaka hai / yaha zAnti aura sAmaMjasya ke lie vyAvahArika dharma hai| eka ahiMsaka ke guNa sneha, harSa, zAnti, sahanazIlatA, dayA, aucitya, vizvasanIyatA, sajjanatA aura AtmaniyantraNa eka ahiMsaka ke Avazyaka guNa haiN| ahiMsA kA pAlana karane ke lAbha - ahiMsA kA pAlana karane se inakI prApti hotI hai- sabhI jIvadhAriyoM ke prati Adara (astitva kA janatantra) - dUsaroM ke vicAroM kA sammAna (vicAra evaM dhAraNA kA janatantra) - anAsakti (ghRNA aura moha kA parityAga ) - svAmitva kI parisImA (svAmitva kA janatantra) eka-dUsare para nirbharatA aura sabhI kA sammAna (koI bhI akelA jIvita nahIM raha sakatA, kyoMki hama eka-dUsare se ba~dhe haiM / karmoM ke antaH pravAha meM kmii| ahiMsA -- eka saMkSipta pravezikA :: 395 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #405
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org maiM kauna hU~? 44 AcArya mahAprajJa ne 'maiM kauna hU~' kA isa prakAra varNana kiyA hai - " AtmA merA Izvara hai| tyAga merI prArthanA hai / sadbhAvanA merI bhakti hai / Atma-niyantraNa merA dharma hai / " Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hiMsA aura ahiMsA kI vyApti kisI kAraNavaza yA akAraNa kI gaI hiMsA kA eka vistRta kSetra hai aura yaha kaI rUpoM jAtI hai| isameM anna, kapar3e, ghara aura davAI - jaisI zArIrika AvazyakatAe~ sammilita haiN| gauNa AvazyakatAoM aura icchAoM meM sundaratA, khela aura manoraMjana, sajAvaTa, parivahana, sAmAjika aura dhArmika rIti-rivAja, ahaM, krodha, ghRNA, niyantraNa, dUsaroM para prabhutva Adi AtI haiN| isI prakAra ahiMsA kA pAlana- bhojana, kapar3oM, sajAvaTa, davAiyA~, khela, manoraMjana, liMga aura jAtIya evaM prajAtIya sambandhoM, ApasI sambandhoM, vyApAra- niveza, jIvikA, AsthA sambandhI paramparAoM, vaizvika dRSTikoNa evaM vAtAvaraNa Adi kSetroM meM bhI karanA caahie| yadi koI ahiMsaka banane kA prayAsa kara rahA hai, to use yaha patA honA cAhie ki kahIM apanI nijI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti meM vaha kisI anya manuSya, pazu, pakSI, machalI yA kIr3e-makor3oM ko pIr3A to nahIM pahu~cA rahA / ahiMsaka sabhI pratyakSa yA apratyakSa sambandhoM para dhyAna detA hai| vaha dekhatA hai ki kyA vaha kisI prakAra ke bheda-bhAva, jAtIya dRSTikoNa, anyAya - pUrNa aura pakSapAtapUrNa-niyama aura adhiniyama, varNa-bheda, dAsatA aura aspRzyatA meM to lipta nahIM hai / vaha apane niveza para bhI dhyAna detA hai aura vicAra karatA hai ki kyA vaha manuSya yA pazu ke zoSaNa, vAtAvaraNa ke vinAza, svAsthya aura surakSA ke lie ghAtaka gatividhiyoM dvArA to lAbha nahIM kamA rahA hai| 396 :: jainadharma paricaya saMkSepa meM, ahiMsA vicAra, vANI aura karmoM meM prema, Adara evaM karuNA kI prApti ke lie apanI sampUrNa zakti lagA detI hai| yaha ghRNA, vaimanasya aura IrSyA ke sabhI prakAroM kA tyAga karatI hai| yaha samatA aura sama-bhAva se sabhI kA svAgata karatI hai / yaha ahaM, krodha, lobha, dhokhA aura pAkhaNDa se mukta hai| isase vizrAma, harSa, prazAnti evaM Antarika zAnti kI prApti hotI hai| mahAvIra aura buddha ke bAda jIsasa krAisTa hI zAnti aura ahiMsA ke sabase bar3e avatAra the / bhAratIya dharmoM aura krizciyana dharma meM samAnatAe~ For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #406
ahiMsA, tyAga, saMyama, brahmacarya, dhyAna-prArthanA, kSamA, sabhI prANiyoM meM smaantaa| svarNima niyama-'dUsaroM se aisA vyavahAra karo; jaisA Apa svayaM unase cAhate ho| Izvara Apake bhItara hai; zAnti banAye rakhane vAle-Izvara ke putra kahalAe~ge; apane zatru ke prati dayA; apane par3osI se prema arthAt prANI-mAtra se sneha; dAna, kSamA aura svayaM-sevI bhAvanA; svAmitva evaM nirdhanatA; jaina-dharma ke pA~ca mahAvrata aura krizciyanoM tathA yahUdiyoM ke dasa Adeza kucha uttama vacana (uddharaNa) : sabhI jIvoM ke prati ahiMsA aura dayA apane prati dayA hai| isase vyakti apane-Apako vibhinna prakAra ke pApoM aura unase utpanna kaSToM se mukta rakhatA hai| vaha apanI svatantratA prApta kara sakatA hai| -bhagavAna mahAvIra sarvopari dharma hai-vaizvika bhAIcArA, aura sabhI prANiyoM ko apane tulya smjhnaa| -gurunAnaka eka samaya AegA, jaba manuSya pazuoM kI hatyA ko mAnava-hatyA ke samAna smjheNge| -liyonArdo dA viMcI krUratA Adhunika sabhyatA kA kainsara hai| -reva. e. DI. belDana choTe se choTe pazu ke prati sahAnubhUti rakhanA manuSya kA sabase bar3A sadguNa hai| -cArlsa DArvina sandarbha 1. DI. Ara. mehatA - "Comprehensive Concept of Ahimsa, its application in real life." 2. zaganacanda jaina -A paper titled "Ahinsa/Non violence, its Dimensions and Practices." ahiMsA-eka saMkSipta pravezikA :: 397 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #407
adhyAtma paM. ratanacanda bhArilla prastuta lekha kA viSaya 'jaina adhyAtma' hai| ata: isa lekha ke dvArA hama yaha jAnane kA prayatna kareMge ki-jaina adhyAtma kyA hai? jainadharma meM adhyAtma kise kahate haiM? 'jaina adhyAtma' meM do zabdoM kA samAveza hai-(1) jaina (2) adhi + Atma = adhyaatm| jo jina kA yA jinendra deva kA bhakta hai, vaha jaina hai tathA 'adhi' upasarga pUrvaka Atman zabda hai| adhi upasarga kA artha jJAna hotA hai, ataH jaina dharma kI dRSTi se jo AtmajJAna hai, vahI 'jaina adhyAtma' hai| __ aba hameM yaha jAnanA hai ki jainadharma ke anusAra adhyAtma kA svarUpa kyA hai? aura hameM jaina adhyAtma jAnanA kyoM jarUrI hai? ___ jainadharma ke anusAra AtmA meM utpanna hue samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritra ko hI mokSamArga meM adhyAtma kahA hai| zuddha AtmA kI pratIti yA zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai tathA AtmA ke zuddha svabhAva ko jAnanA samyagjJAna evaM usa AtmA meM hI jamanA, ramanA, samyak cAritra hai| isa prakAra ina tInoM kA svarUpa jAnanA hI 'jaina adhyAtma' kA jJAna hai| sabhI jIva saMsAra ke duHkhoM se mukta honA cAhate haiM, kyoMki saccA sukha mokSaavasthA meM hI hai| vaha mokSa jaina adhyAtma jJAna ke binA sambhava nahIM hai, ataH jaina adhyAtma kA jAnanA atyAvazyaka hai| jainadharma ke anusAra sRSTi arthAt jagat anAdi-ananta hai, sva-saMcAlita hai, isakA kartA koI Izvara nahIM hai| isameM mUlata: 6 dravya haiM, pahalA-dravya jIva hai, ye jIva dravya ananta haiM, dUsarA-pudgala dravya hai, ye anantAnanta haiN| tIsarA-dharmadravya eka hai, cauthA-adharma dravya bhI eka hI hai, pA~cavA-AkAza dravya hai, yaha bhI eka hai tathA chaThavA~-kAladravya hai ye asaMkhya haiM / isakA vistRta varNana AcArya kundakunda ke paMcAstikAya meM hai| jijJAsu jIva vahA~ se jaaneN| vistArabhaya se vaha saba yahA~ denA sambhava nahIM hai| svabhAva se to sabhI AtmAe~ eka pramANa jJAna evaM sukha-svabhAvI hI haiM; sabhI AtmAe~ samAna hI haiM, koI choTA-bar3A nahIM hai, parantu saMsAra-avasthA meM jIva apane jJAna-svabhAva ko bhUlA hai tathA para padArthoM meM iSTAniSTa kI mithyA kalpanA karake rAgI 398 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #408
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org dveSI huA anAdi se janma-maraNa ke duHkha bhoga rahA hai| jainadharma ke anusAra jo jIva svayaM (nija AtmA) ko jAnakara, pahacAnakara svayaM meM jama jAtA hai, rama jAtA hai, vaha jIva mAtra antarmuhUrta meM (48 minaTa meM hI) aSTa karmoM kA vinAza karake paramAtmA bana jAtA hai, vaha paramAtmA vItarAgI va sarvajJa hai tathA vaha sRSTi kA karttA nahIM hai / vaha jagat kA mAtra jJAtA - dRSTA hotA hai tathA apane jJAtA - dRSTA svabhAva ko jAnakara, usameM ramakara ananta kAla ke lie ananta sukha prApta kara letA hai / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir aisI avasthA prApta karane ke lie hameM sarvaprathama una paramezvara svarUpa mukta AtmAoM kI zaraNa meM jAnA hotA hai, jina AtmAoM ne vaha sukha prApta kara liyA hai, aise arhanta, siddha bhagavantoM kI zaraNa lekara apane AtmA ko jAnane kA prayAsa karanA hotA hai / etadartha vItarAgI sarvajJa - svabhAvI arhanta bhagavAn ke dvArA kahe evaM AcAryoM dvArA likhe gaye vItarAgatA ke poSaka zAstroM kA adhyayana manana- cintana jarUrI hai| jainadharma kI mAnyatA ke anusAra dravyAnuyoga kI dRSTi se kaheM, to yaha jIva lagAtAra eka antarmuhUrta taka AtmA meM sthira hokara cAra kaSAyoM ke abhAvapUrvaka sva-sanmukha huA pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM ko jItakara ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, ananta sukha evaM ananta zakti prApta kara anantakAla taka rahane vAlA paramAtma-pada prApta kara letA hai / dUsare, karaNAnuyoga ke dRSTikoNa se kaheM, to caturtha guNasthAnavartI avirata samyagdRSTi AtmAnubhavI jIva ko 'jina' kahate haiN| chaThaveM sAtaveM guNasthAnavartI munirAja ko jinavara tathA ghAtI karmoM kA abhAva karane vAle terahaveM guNasthAnavartI AtmA ko jinavara vRSabha (arhanta) kahate haiM / ve arhanta hI zeSa aghAtiyA karmoM kA abhAva kara siddha bhagavAnhote haiN| 1. prathamAnuyoga 2. caraNAnuyoga ina jinavara vRSabha (arhanta deva ) dvArA prasArita divyadhvani ko AcAryoM ne cAra anuyogoM dvArA arthAt cAra kathana paddhatiyoM dvArA pratipAdita kiyA hai, jinheM cAra anuyoga kahate haiM / sampUrNa jinavANI ke kathana karane kI cAra zailiyA~ haiM, jinheM cAra anuyoga kahate haiM ve isa prakAra haiM 3. karaNAnuyoga aura 4. dravyAnuyoga / prathamAnuyoga meM 63 zalAkA mahApuruSoM ke caritroM dvArA ajJAnI, alpajJAnI jIvoM ko sanmArga darzana diyA jAtA hai, mokSamArga meM lagAyA jAtA hai, isa anuyoga meM saMsAra kI vicitratA, puNya-pApa kA phala, mahanta puruSoM kI pravRtti ityAdi ke nirUpaNa se jIvoM adhyAtma :: 399 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #409
ko dharma meM lagAyA jAtA hai| yaha anuyoga mukhyatayA tucchabuddhi jIvoM ke prayojana se arthAt avyutpanna mithyAdRSTiyoM ke prayojana se likhA gayA hai| jinheM tattvajJAna ho gayA hai, unheM bhI ye prathamAnuyoga ke kathana udAharaNa-rUpa bhAsita hone se sArthaka hote haiN| karaNAnuyoga meM rAga-dveSa-moha ke kAraNa jIva se ba~dhe hue aSTa karmoM ke vizeSa kathana dvArA tathA trilokAdi kI racanA nirUpita karake jIvoM ko dharma meM lagAyA jAtA hai, 'karaNa' kA artha gaNita hotA hai| gaNita kI mukhyatA se isa zailI meM trilokAdi kA svarUpa batAyA jAtA hai tathA guNasthAna Adi se jIva ke bhAvoM kA kathana hotA hai| caraNAnuyoga meM nAnAprakAra se dharma ke sAdhanoM kA nirUpaNa karake jIvoM ke AcaraNa ko sudhAra kara unheM dharma meM lagAyA jAtA hai, isa kAraNa isameM jIvoM ke AcaraNa kA mukhyatA se nirUpaNa hotA hai| dravyAnuyoga meM dravyoM evaM tattvoM kA nirUpaNa karake jIvoM ko dharma meM lagAte haiN| isa kathana zailI meM AtmajJAna kI mukhyatA hotI hai| apane varNya viSaya 'jaina adhyAtma' ko jAnane ke lie dravyAnuyoga ke zAstroM kA adhyayana hI vizeSa kAryakArI hai, kyoMki 'jaina adhyAtma' dravyAnuyoga se hI sambandhita hai| ataH hama dravyAnuyoga ke AdhAra se hI jaina adhyAtma kA adhyayana kreNge| dravyAnuyoga meM AcArya zrI kundakundadeva dvArA racita samayasAra, pravacanasAra, niyamasAra aura paMcAstikAya saMgraha grantha to pramukha haiM hI, AcArya nemicandra dvArA racita dravyasaMgraha, A. umAsvAmI dvArA racita tattvArthasUtra, A. akalaMka deva dvArA racita rAjavArtika, A. pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA racita sarvArthasiddhi, A. guNabhadra kA AtmAnuzAsana, A. yogIndu deva ke dvArA racita paramAtmaprakAza evaM yogasAra tathA kavivara banArasI dAsa kA nATaka samayasAra Adi granthoM meM bhI AtmA kI mukhyatA se hI sAta tattvoM evaM chahadravyoM kA varNana hai| ataH ye sabhI grantha bhI adhyAtma ke pratipAdaka hI haiN| uparyukta sabhI grantha 'jaina adhyAtma' kI zreNI meM hI Ate haiM; kyoMki ina sabhI meM AtmA kI mukhyatA se hI kathana hai| vaise to sampUrNa jinAgama eka AtmajJAna ke lie hI samarpita hai; parantu prathamAnuyoga meM mahApuruSoM ke caritroM kA, karaNAnuyoga meM karmoM kI vicitratA kA tathA caraNAnuyoga meM AcaraNa kI mukhyatA se kathana hotA hai| ekamAtra dravyAnuyoga meM hI jIvAdi sAta tattva, chahadravya tathA mokSa ke sAkSAt kAraNa nizcaya samyagdarzana, nizcaya samyagjJAna evaM nizcaya samyakcAritra kA nirUpaNa hotA hai, ataH 'jaina adhyAtma' ke adhyayana hetu dravyAnuyoga kI racanA huI hai| yahI jaina adhyAtma ke lie mahattvapUrNa evaM upayogI hai| __ mokSa-mahala kI prathama sIr3hI rUpa jo samyagdarzana hai, usakI utpatti jaina adhyAtma ke adhyayana binA sambhava hI nahIM hai| adhyAtma-rasika paNDita zrI daulatarAmajI chahaDhAlA meM kahate haiM 400 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #410
mokSamahala kI parathama sIr3hI, yA bina jJAna critraa| samyakatA na lahai so darzana dhAro bhavya pvitraa| jinAgama meM samyagdarzana kI cAra paribhASAe~ dI haiM1. zraddhAnaM prmaarthaanaamaaptaagmtpobhRtaam| trimUDhApoDhamaSTAMgaM samyagdarzanamasmayam / / tIna mUr3hatA rahita ATha aMga sahita sacce deva-zAstra-guru rUpa paramArthiyoM kA zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai| -A. samantabhadra : ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, zloka 4 2. "tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam" sAta tattvoM ke zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahate haiN| -AcArya umAsvAmI : tattvArthasUtra 1/2 3. samayasAra meM sva-para bheda-vijJAna ko samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| tathA4. chahaDhAlA meM para-dravyoM se bhinna AtmA ke zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahA hai| vaise to sabhI cAroM anuyoga hI apratyakSa rUpa se jaina adhyAtma ke nirUpaka haiM, kyoMki sabhI meM DAyarekTa-inaDAyarekTa rUpa se AtmA kA hI nirUpaNa hai; parantu chahaDhAlA, tattvArthasUtra evaM samayasAra to vizuddha adhyAtma ke hI grantha haiM, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra kA prathama adhyAya bhI samyagdarzana kI mukhyatA se hI likhA gayA hai, usameM bhI adhyAtma kA hI viSaya adhika hai| aba hama adhyAtma ke pramukha grantha samayasAra aura nATaka samayasAra ke mAdhyama se jaina adhyAtma kA adhyayana prastuta karate haiM, jo hameM 'jaina adhyAtma' ko gaharAI se jAnane meM madada kregaa| hindU dharma ke zreSTha grantha gItA ko bhI kevala isa kAraNa AdhyAtmika grantha kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki usameM AtmA ko anAdi-ananta aura amara- tattva ke rUpa meM dekhA gayA hai| vahA~ likhA hai nainaM chindanti zastrANi, nainaM dahati paavkH| na cainaM kledayantyApo, na zoSayati maarutH|| AtmA zastroM se chidatI nahIM, ise agni jalA nahIM sakatI, yaha jala se galatA nahIM tathA ise vAyu bhI sukhA nahIM sktii| 1. aba prathama samayasAra paramAgama ke jIvAjIvAdhikAra ke AdhAra se yahA~ AtmA ke svarUpa para vicAra karate haiN| taduparAnta isI grantha ke kartA-karma adhikAra ke AdhAra se AtmA ke kartA-karma evaM puNya-pApa Adi adhikAroM ke AdhAra se puNya-pApa Adi para vicAra kreNge| adhyAtma :: 401 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #411
samayasAra kA jIvAjIvAdhikAra mukhyataH bheda-vijJAna kA adhikAra hai, jIva va ajIva tattvoM kA jaisA sUkSma-vizleSaNa isa adhikAra meM hai, vaisA anyatra kahIM dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| isameM zuddha jIvapadArtha kA ajIvapadArthoM se bheda-jJAna karAte hue yahA~ taka kaha diyA gayA hai ki eka nija zuddhAtma-tattva ke sivAya anya samasta para-padArtha ajIva tattva haiN| jar3a-acetana padArtha to ajIva haiM hI, anya ananta jIva rAzi ko bhI nija jJAyakasvabhAva se bhinna hone ke kAraNa ajIva-tattva ke rUpa meM ginA hai tathA apane AtmA meM utpanna hone vAle kSaNika krodhAdi vikArIbhAvoM tathA mati-zrutajJAnAdi apUrNa paryAyoM ko bhI apane trikAla paripUrNa jJAyaka svabhAva se bhinna hone ke kAraNa ajIva-tattva kahA hai| aisA jIva nAmaka zuddhAtmatattva deha evaM rAgAdi aupacArika bhAvoM se bhinna haiyaha bAta spaSTa karate hue AcArya amRtacandra ne kahA hai ki-"caitanyazakti se vyApta jisakA sarvasva sAra hai, aisA yaha jIva itanA mAtra hI hai| isa citzakti se anya jo bhI aupAdhika bhAva haiM, ve sabhI pudgalajanya haiM, ataH pudgala hI haiN|" una paudgalika aura pudgalajanya bhAvoM kA ullekha karate hue AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki jIva ke varNa, gandha, rasa va sparza nahIM haiM; zarIra, saMsthAna, saMhanana bhI nahIM haiM; tathA rAga, dveSa, moha, karma va nokarma bhI nahIM haiM; varga, vargaNA aura spardhaka bhI nahIM haiM; adhyAtma ke sthAna, anubhAga ke sthAna, yogasthAna, bandhasthAna, udayasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna, jIvasthAna, guNasthAna Adi kucha bhI jIva ke nahIM haiM; kyoMki ye saba to pudgaladravya ke pariNAma hone se apanI anubhUti se bhinna haiN| jIva to paramArtha se caitanya-zakti-mAtra hai| __ guNasthAnAdi ko yadyapi vyavahAra se jIva kahA gayA hai, para ve saba vastutaH jJAyaka svabhAva se bhinna hone se jIva ke bhAva hI nahIM haiM aura jIva-svarUpa bhI nahIM haiN| AcArya amRtacandra ne bhI isI bAta para apanI muhara (chApa) lagAte hue kahA hai ki'varNAdika va rAgAdika bhAva AtmA se bhinna haiM, isalie antardRSTi se dekhane vAle ko ye-saba dikhAI nahIM dete| use to mAtra eka caitanyabhAvasvarUpa sarvopari Atma-tattva hI dikhAI detA hai| ___ jIva kA vAstavika lakSaNa to cetanA mAtra hai| asti se kaheM, to vaha jJAna-darzanamaya hai aura nAsti se kaheM, to vaha arasa, arUpa, agandha aura asparzI hai| tathA pudgala ke AkAra rUpa nahIM hotA, ata: use nirAkAra va aliMgagrahaNa kahA jAtA hai| AtmA ke aise svabhAva ko na jAnanevAle ajJAnIjana para kA saMyoga dekhakara AtmA se bhinna para-padArthoM va para-bhAvoM ko hI AtmA mAnate haiM; isa kAraNa koI rAga-dveSa ko, koI karma-phala ko, koI zarIra ko aura koI adhyavasAnAdi bhAvoM ko hI jIva mAnate haiN| jabaki vastuta: ye-saba jIva nahIM haiM, kyoMki ye saba to karma-rUpa pudgaladravya 402 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #412
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ke nimitta se hone vAle yA to saMyogIbhAva haiM yA saMyoga haiM, ataH ajIva haiM / ' jJAnI ina saba Agantuka bhAvoM se bheda- jJAna karake aisA mAnatA hai ki "maiM eka hU~, arUpI hU~, jJAna-darzanamaya hU~, isake sivAya anya dravya kiMcitmAtra bhI mere nahIM haiN| isI dRSTi se samayasAra gAthA - 2, 6 evaM 7 bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM, jinameM kramazaH svasamaya-parasamaya evaM pramatta - apramatta ke sandarbha meM para va paryAyoM se bheda - jJAna karAke zuddhAtmasvarUpa kA vizada spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| 2. samayasAra ke kartA-karma adhikAra meM vastu - svAtantrya yA chahoM dravyoM ke svatantra pariNamana kA nirUpaNa, prakArAntara se paradravya ke akartRtva kA hI nirUpaNa hai / yaha akartAvAda kA siddhAnta Agamasammata, yuktiyoM evaM siddhAntazAstroM kI pAribhASika zabdAvaliyoM dvArA sthApita to hai hI, para apane vyAvahArika laukika jIvana meM bhI usakI upayogitA asaMdigdha hai / Agama ke dabAva aura yuktiyoM kI mAra se siddhAntataH svIkAra kara lene para bhI apane dainika jIvana ko choTI-moTI pArivArika ghaTanAoM ke sandarbha meM una siddhAntoM prayogoM dvArA Atmika zAnti aura niSkaSAya bhAva rakhane kI bAta jagat ke gale AsAnI se nahIM utaratI, usake antarmana ko sahaja svIkRta nahIM hotI, jabaki hamAre dhArmika siddhAntoM kI saccI prayogazAlA to hamAre jIvana kA kAryakSetra hI hai| kyA akartAvAda jaise saMjIvanI siddhAnta kevala zAstroM kI zobhA bar3hAne yA bauddhika vyAyAma karane ke lie hI haiM ?... apane vyAvahArika jIvana meM prAmANikatA, naitikatA evaM pavitratA prApta karane meM inakI kucha bhUmikA - upayogitA nahIM hai ? jarA soco to, akartRttva ke siddhAnta ke AdhAra para jaba hamArI zraddhA aisI ho jAtI hai ki koI bhI jIva kisI anya jIva kA bhalA yA burA kucha bhI nahIM kara sakatA, to - phira hamAre mana meM akAraNa hI kisI ke prati rAga-dveSa-mohabhAva kyoM hoMge ? yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita ho sakatA hai ki akartRtva kI saccI zraddhA vAle jJAniyoM ke bhI krodhAdi bhAva evaM iSTAniSTa kI bhAvanA pratyakSa dekhI jAtI hai tathA unake mana meM dUsaroM kA bhalA-burA yA bigAr3a-sudhAra karane kI bhAvanA bhI dekhI jAtI hai - isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? uttara yaha hai ki yadyapi samyagdRSTi kI zraddhA siddhoM jaisI pUrNa nirmala hotI hai, tathApi vaha cAritramoha karmodaya ke nimitta se evaM svayaM ke puruSArtha kI kamI ke kAraNa dUsaroM para kaSAya karatA huA bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai; para samyagdRSTi use apanI kamajorI mAnatA hai / usa samaya bhI usakI zraddhA meM to yahI bhAva hai ki para ne merA kucha bhI bigAr3a - sudhAra nahIM kiyA hai| ataH use usameM ananta rAga- - dveSa nahIM hotA / utpanna hue kaSAya ko yathAzakti kRza karane kA puruSArtha bhI nirantara cAlU rahatA hai / ata: isa akartAvAda ke siddhAnta ko dharma kA mUla AdhAra yA dharma kA prANa bhI kahA jAye to adhyAtma : 403 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #413
bhI koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| vastutaH para meM akartatva kI yathArtha zraddhA rakhane vAle kA to jIvana hI badala jAtA hai| vaha andara hI andara kitanA sukhI, zAnta, nirabhimAnI, nirlobhI aura nirAkula ho jAtA hai; ajJAnI to usakI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara sktaa| samayasAra ke akartAvAda kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jo prANI apane ko anAdi se paradravya kA kartA mAnakara rAga-dveSa-moha bhAva se karma-bandhana meM par3akara saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai, vaha apanI isa mUla bhUla ko sudhAre aura akartRtva kI zraddhA ke bala se rAga-dveSa kA abhAva kara vItarAgatA prakaTa kare; kyoMki vItarAgatA hue binA pUrNatA, pavitratA va sarvajJatA kI prApti sambhava nahIM hai| etadartha akartAvAda ko samajhanA ati Avazyaka hai| vastutaH kartA-karma-sambandha do dravyoM meM hotA hI nahIM hai, eka hI dravya meM hotA hai| isa viSaya meM AcArya amRtacandra kA nimnAMkita kalaza draSTavya hai "yaH pariNamati sa kartA, yaH pariNAmo bhavettu ttkrm| yA pariNati kriyA sA, trayamapi bhinnaM na vstutyaa||51||" jo pariNamita hotA hai, vaha kartA hai; jo pariNAma hotA hai, use karma kahate haiM aura jo pariNati hai, vaha kriyA kahalAtI hai, vAstava meM tInoM bhinna nahIM haiN|" isa kalaza se spaSTa hai ki jIva aura pudgala meM kartA-karma-sambandha nahIM hai| vastutaH kartR-karma sambandha vahIM hotA hai, jahA~ vyApya-vyApaka bhAva yA upAdAna-upAdeya bhAva hotA hai| jo vastu kAryarUpa pariNata hotI hai, vaha vyApaka hai, upAdAna hai tathA jo kArya hotA hai, vaha vyApta hai, upAdeya hai|| __ yadi AtmA para-dravyoM ko kare, to niyama se vaha unake sAtha tanmaya ho jAye, para tanmaya nahIM hotA, isalie vaha unakA kartA nahIM hai| vItarAgatA prApta karane ke lie akelA akartA honA hI jarUrI nahIM hai, balki apane ko para kA akartA jAnanA, mAnanA aura tadpa AcaraNa karanA bhI jarUrI hai| eka-dUsare ke akartA to saba jIva haiM hI, para bhUla se ajJAniyoM ne apane ko para kA kartA mAna rakhA hai, isa kAraNa unakI ananta AkulatA aura krodhAdi kaSAyeM kama nahIM hotI, anyathA isa akartRtva siddhAnta kI zraddhA vAle vyakti ke vikalpoM kA to svarUpa hI kucha isa prakAra kA hotA hai ki use samayasamaya para pratikUla paristhiti-janya apanI AkulatA kama karane ke lie vastu ke svatantra pariNamana para evaM usa pariNamana meM para kI apekSA se apanI akiMcitkaratA ke svarUpa ke AdhAra para aise vicAra Ate haiM ki jinase usakI AkulatA sahaja hI kama ho jAtI hai| udAharaNArtha vaha socatA hai ki 1. yadi maiM apane zarIra ko apanI icchAnusAra pariNamA sakatA, to jaba bhI apazakuna 404 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #414
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kI pratIka merI bAyIM A~kha phar3akatI hai, use turanta banda karake zubha zakuna kI pratIka dAyIM A~kha kyoM nahIM phar3akA letA? 2. yadi maiM apane prayatnoM se zarIra ko svastha rakha sakatA hU~, to prayatnoM ke bAvajUda bhI yaha asvastha kyoM ho jAtA hai?... jaba kisI ko kaiMsara, kor3ha evaM damAzvAMsa jaise prANaghAtaka bhayaMkara duHkhada roga ho jAte haiM to vaha unheM apane prayatnoM se tatkAla ThIka kyoM nahIM kara letA? 3. yadi maiM kisI kA bhalA kara sakatA, to sabase pahale apane kuTumba kA bhalA kyoM na kara letA?... phira mere hI parijana-purajana du:khI kyoM rahate?... maiMne apanI zakti-anusAra unakA bhalA cAhane va karane meM kasara bhI kahA~ chor3I, para maiM icchAnusAra kisI kA kucha bhI nahIM kara skaa|| 4. isI prakAra, yadi koI kisI kA burA yA aniSTa kara sakatA hotA, to Aja sambhavataH yaha duniyA hI isa rUpa meM na hotI, sabhI-kucha naSTa-bhraSTa ho gayA hotA; kyoMki duniyA to rAga-dveSa kA hI dUsarA nAma hai| aisA koI vyakti, nahIM jisakA koI zatru na ho; para Aja jagata yathAvat cala rahA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki koI kisI ke bhale-bure, jIvana-maraNa va sukha-duHkha kA kartAhartA nahIM hai| jo honA hotA hai, vahI hotA hai; kisI ke karane se kucha nahIM hotaa| loka meM sabhI kArya svataH apane-apane SaTkArakoM se hI sampanna hote haiN| unakA kartA-dhartA maiM nahIM huuN| aisI zraddhA se jJAnI para ke kartRtva ke bhAra se nirbhAra hokara apane jJAyakasvabhAva kA Azraya letA hai| yahI AtmAnubhUti kA sahaja upAya hai| pratyeka dravya va unakI vibhinna paryAyoM ke pariNamana meM unake apane-apane kartA, karma, karaNa Adi svatantra SaTkAraka haiM, jo unake kArya ke niyAmaka kAraNa haiN| aisI zraddhA kA bala bar3hane se hI jJAnI jyoM-jyoM una SaTkArakoM kI prakriyA se pAra hotA hai, tyoM-tyoM usakI Atma-zuddhi meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| ___ jaba kArya honA hotA hai, taba kArya ke niyAmaka antaraMga SaTkAraka evaM puruSArtha, kAlalabdhi evaM nimittAdi pA~coM samavAya svata: milate hI haiM aura nahIM honA hotA hai, to ananta prayatnoM ke bAvajUda bhI kArya nahIM hotA tathA tadanurUpa kAraNa bhI nahIM milte| mithyAtva evaM anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke abhAva se akartAvAda siddhAnta kI aisI zraddhA ho jAtI hai ki jisase usake asIma kaSTa sImita raha jAte haiN| jo vikAra zeSa bacatA hai, usakI umra bhI lambI nahIM hotii| basa, isIlie to AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra meM jIvAjIvAdhikAra ke turanta bAda hI kartAkarma adhikAra likhane kA mahattvapUrNa nirNaya liyA hai| isameM batAyA gayA hai-jagat kA pratyeka padArtha pUrNataH svatantra hai, usameM hone vAle nitya naye parivartana adhyAtma :: 405 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #415
yA pariNamana kA kartA vaha padArtha svayaM hai| koI bhI anya padArtha yA dravya kisI anya padArtha yA dravya kA kartA-hartA nahIM hai| samayasAra ke kartA-karma-adhikAra kA mUla pratipAdya hI yaha hai ki para-padArtha ke kartRtva kI to bAta hI kyA kaheM, apane krodhAdi bhAvoM kA kartRtva bhI jJAniyoM ke nahIM hai| jaba taka yaha jIva aisA mAnatA hai ki maiM (AtmA) kartA va krodhAdi bhAva mere karma haiM, taba taka vaha ajJAnI hai tathA jaba sva-saMvedana jJAna dvArA krodhAdi AsravoM se zuddhAtma svarUpa ko bhinna jAna letA hai, taba jJAnI hotA hai| yadyapi jIva va ajIva donoM dravya haiM, tathApi jIva ke pariNAmoM ke nimitta se pudagala karmavargaNAe~ svataH apanI tatsamaya kI yogyatA se karma-rUpa pariNata hotI haiM aura paudgalika karmoM ke nimitta se jIva apanI tatsamaya kI yogyatA se rAgAdi pariNAmasvarUpa se pariNamita hotA hai| isa prakAra jIva ke va karma ke kartA-karma-sambandha nahIM haiM, kyoMki na-to jIva pudgalakarma ke kisI guNa kA utpAdaka hai aura na pudgala jIva ke kisI guNa kA utpAdaka hai| kevala eka-dUsare ke nimitta se donoM kA pariNamana apanI-apanI upAdAna kI yogyatAnusAra hotA hai| isa kAraNa jIva sadA apane bhAvoM kA kartA hotA hai, anya kA nhiiN| ___ yadyapi AtmA vastuta: kevala svayaM kA hI kartA-bhoktA hai, dravyakarmoM kA nahIM, tathApi dravyakarmoM ke udaya ke nimitta se AtmA ko sAMsArika sukha-duHkha kA kartAbhoktA kahA jAtA hai, parantu aisA kahane kA kAraNa para kA yA dravyakarma kA kartRtva nahIM hai, balki AtmA meM jo apanI anAdikAlIna mithyA mAnyatA yA ajJAnatA se rAgadveSa-moha kaSAyAdi bhAvakarma ho rahe haiM, unake kAraNa yaha sAMsArika sukha-duHkha kA kartA-bhoktA hotA hai| vastutaH AtmA kisI se utpanna nahIM huA, ata: vaha kisI kA kArya nahIM hai tathA vaha kisI ko utpanna nahIM karatA, isa apekSA vaha kisI kA kAraNa bhI nahIM hai| ata: do dravyoM meM mAtra nimitta-naimittika sambandha hai, kartA-karma sambandha nahIM hai| dhyAna rahe, nimitta-naimittika sambandha do dravyoM meM hotA hai, jo ki pUrNa svatantra va svAvalambI hote haiN| AtmA jaba taka karma-prakRtiyoM ke nimitta se hone vAle vibhinna paryAyarUpa utpAdavyaya kA parityAga nahIM karatA, unake kartRtva-bhoktRtva kI mAnyatA nahIM chor3atA, taba taka vaha ajJAnI, mithyAdRSTi evaM asaMyamI rahatA hai| jaba vaha ananta karma va karmaphala ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva ke bhAva kA parityAga kara detA hai, taba vaha bandha se rahita hokara kevala jJAtA-dRSTA ho jAtA hai|| jisa prakAra netra vibhinna padArthoM ko dekhatA mAtra hai, unakA kartA va bhoktA nahIM hotA; usI prakAra jJAna bandha tathA mokSa ko evaM karmodaya tathA nirjarA ko jAnatA mAtra hai, unakA kartA va bhoktA nahIM hotaa| aisI zraddhA se jJAnI para ke kartRtva-bhoktRtva ke 406 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #416
ahaMkArAdi evaM asaMyamAdi doSoM se nirvatta ho svarUpa-sanmukha ho jAte haiN| 3. puNya-pApa svarNa-lohamaya ber3iyA~ haiM-AcArya kundakunda zubha aura azubha donoM karmoM ko kuzIla kahate haiN| azubhakarma ko kuzIla aura zubhakarma ko suzIla mAnane vAle ajJAnIjanoM se ve pUchate haiM ki jo karma hameM saMsArarUpa bandIgRha meM bandI banAtA hai, vaha puNyakarma suzIla kaise ho sakatA hai? jaise puruSa ko sone kI ber3I bhI bA~dhatI hai aura lohe kI ber3I bhI bA~dhatI hai, usI prakAra zubha va azubha karma bhI jIvoM ko samAna rUpa se sAMsArika bandhana meM bA~dhate haiN| "rAgI jIva karma se ba~dhatA hai aura vairAgya ko prApta jIva karmabandhana se chUTatA hai, ataH zubhAzubha karmoM meM prIti karanA ThIka nahIM hai|'' vastutaH yahA~ AcArya kundakunda kI dRSTi zuddhopayoga para hI kendrita hai, ve zubhAzubha donoM hI bhAvoM ko eka-jaisA saMsAra kA kAraNa hone se heya mAnate haiN|" paM. banArasIdAsa ne to isa adhikAra kA nAma hI puNyapApa-ekatvadvAra rakhA hai| pApabandha va puNyabandha-donoM hI muktimArga meM bAdhaka haiM, donoM ke kaTu aura madhura svAda pudgala ke haiM, saMkleza va vizuddhabhAva donoM vibhAva haiM, kugati va sugati donoM saMsAramaya haiN| isa prakAra donoM ke kAraNa, rasa, svabhAva aura phala-sabhI samAna haiN| phira na jAne kyoM, ajJAnI ko inameM antara dikhAyI detA hai?... jabaki donoM hI aMdhakUpa haiM va karmabandha-rUpa haiM, ata: donoM kA hI mokSamArga meM niSedha hai| samayasAra ke hindI-TIkAkAra paNDita jayacandajI chAbar3A kahate haiM ki "puNya-pApa doU karama, bandha rUpa dur maani| zuddha AtamA jina lahyo, namUM caraNa hita jaani||" puNya va pApa donoM hI karma-bandha-rUpa haiM, ataH donoM hI duHkhada haiN|" - aisA jaaneN| isa prakAra mokSamArga meM puNya-pApa kA kyA sthAna hai, yaha bAta atyanta spaSTa ho gayI hai, phira bhI pApa-kAryoM se bacane ke lie puNya kI bhI apanI upayogitA haiisa bAta ko dRSTi se ojhala na karate hue yathAyogya puNyAcaraNa karate hue puNya ke pralobhana se baceM aura puNya ko hI dharma na samajha liyA jAye-isa bAta se bhI sAvadhAna rheN| 4. saMvara-adhikAra meM kahA hai ki-saMvara-tattva bheda vijJAna kI bhAvanA kA hI suphala hai| isameM kahA gayA hai ki jJAnopayoga caitanya kA pariNAma hone se jJAnasvarUpa hai aura krodhAdi bhAvakarma, jJAnAvaraNAdi dravyakarma va zarIrAdi nokarma-sabhI pudagala ke pariNAma hone se jar3a haiN| ataH upayoga va krodhAdi meM pradeza-bhinnatA hone se atyantabheda hai| adhyAtma :: 407 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #417
jJAnI darzanajJAna upayoga meM sthira hai| ata: usake mithyAtva, avirati va yoga rUpa Asrava kA abhAva hai| Asrava ke abhAva meM karmoM-nokarmoM kA nirodha hai| karmoM-nokarmoM ke nirodha se saMsAra kA nirodha hai| isase siddha huA ki Atmopalabdhi meM mUla kAraNa sva-para meM bhedavijJAna hI hai| ____5. nirjarA-adhikAra meM pahale to dravyanirjarA va bhAva nirjarA kina jIvoM ke kisa prakAra hotI hai?...- yaha btaayaa| pazcAt jJAna va vairAgya kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai tathA kahA gayA hai ki "edamhi rado NiccaM saMtuTTho hohi nniccmedmhi| edeNa hohi titto hohadi tuha uttamaM sokkhN| 1206 / / " he Atman! yadi tU sukha cAhatA hai, to usa AtmAnubhava meM hI tallIna ho, usI meM santuSTa ho aura usI meM tRpta ho| anya saba icchAoM kA tyAga kara de, aisA karane se hI tumheM uttama sukha kI prApti hogii| 6. bandha adhikAra meM kahA gayA hai ki karmabandha kA mUla kAraNa apanA ajJAnajanya rAga-dveSa-moha rUpa adhyavasAna hai| yadi adhyavasAna bhAva hai, to anya jIvoM ko mAro yA na mAro, bandha hogA hI aura yadi rAga-dveSa-moha nahIM hai, to bhale jIva mara jAye, to bhI bandha nahIM hogaa| ___ yadyapi rAgAdi bhAva kisI na kisI vyakti yA vastu ke avalambana se hI hote haiM; parantu bandha usa vyakti yA vastu ke kAraNa nahIM, balki apane adhyavasAna se hotA hai| ataH para-vastu yA vyakti para rAga-dveSa karanA vyartha hai| isa adhikAra meM para ko sukhI-duHkhI karane, mArane-bacAne (jIvita karane) Adi se sambandhita 247 se 266 taka 20 gAthAe~ haiM, jo mithyA mAnyatAoM para sIdhI coTa karatI haiN| / inhIM ke sambandha meM A. kundakundadeva ne 267 se 269 taka tIna gAthAoM meM mArmika udbodhana karate hue kahA hai ki-he bhavya! tuma jarA gaharAI se soco ki jaba tumhArA para meM kucha bhI hastakSepa nahIM ho sakatA, to-phira tuma kyoM vyartha hI unameM rAga-dveSa karake karma-bandha karate ho? 8. anta meM AcArya kundakunda svAmI ne isa sarvavizuddha jJAnAdhikAra ke mAdhyama se punaH jIva ke akartRtva evaM abhoktRtva svabhAva kA hI vistAra se varNana kara jIva ko sampUrNa rUpa se para evaM vikArI paryAyoM se pRthak siddha karake pUrNa svAvalambI evaM svatantra siddha kara diyA hai| samyagdarzana jJAna cAritra kA viSaya bhI mUlata: sarvavizuddha jJAna svarUpa hai| jJAna kA svabhAva to jJeyoM ko jAnanA mAtra hai| jJeyoM ko jAnane mAtra se jJAna meM 408 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #418
vikAra nahIM hotaa| pratyeka padArtha apane guNa-paryAyoM meM ananya hotA hai| ataH vaha apane hI gaNa-paryAya-rUpa pariNamana karatA hai| isalie usameM para ke kartRtva kI kalpanA nirarthaka hai| isa adhikAra ko karttA-karma kA upasaMhAra bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra Agama ke AdhAra para aneka tarkoM dvArA AcAryadeva ne ajJAnI ke ajJAna ko dUra karane kA saphala prayAsa kiyA hai| isa prakAra samayasAra ke jIvAjIvAdhikAra meM jaina adhyAtma' kI dRSTi se jIvAjIva se bheda-jJAna karAte hue tathA kartA-karmAdhikAra ke mAdhyama se kartA-karma ke sambandha se jIva ke akartRtva kA bhAna karAte hue puNya-pApa donoM ko hI saMsAra kA kAraNa batAne ke sAtha bhUmikAnusAra puNya kI upayogitA darzAte hue Amrava, bandha evaM mokSa kA svarUpa dikhAkara eka bAra punaH sarvavizuddha jJAna adhikAra dvArA kartA-karma kA svarUpa hI punaH vistAra se batAyA gayA hai| inake atirikta AcArya kundakunda ke hI anya grantha pravacanasAra, niyamasAra, paMcAstikAya granthoM meM tathA AcArya umAsvAmI ke tattvArthasUtra, AcArya pUjyapAdasvAmI ke sarvArthasiddhi, AcArya akalaMka deva ke rAjavArtika evaM AcArya samantabhadra ke ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra ke prathama adhyAya tathA yogIndu deva ke yogasAra va paramAtmaprakAza, AcArya guNabhadra ke AtmAnuzAsana Adi granthoM meM bhI jaina adhyAtma kA bahuta sundara evaM sarala zabdoM meM pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| adhyAtma-ruci-sampanna vyaktiyoM ko uparyukta sabhI granthoM kA AdyopAnta aneka bAra adhyayana karanA caahie| ina AdhyAtmika granthoM meM bhI jo 'jaina adhyAtma' prastuta kiyA gayA hai, usakA yadi pAThaka avalokana kareMge, to niHsandeha ve AtmAnubhUti ko prApta kara leNge| ina sabhI granthoM ko par3hane kI kuMjI ke rUpa meM AcAryakalpa paNDitoM ke paNDita zrI ToDaramalajI ke mokSamArga-prakAzaka kA adhyayana bhI avazya karanA caahie| sandarbha 1. samayasAra, gAthA 50 se 55 2. samayasAra, kalaza 37 3. samayasAra, gAthA 49 4. samayasAra, gAthA 39 se 43 5. samayasAra, gAthA 38 6. samayasAra, gAthA 73 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA 7. samayasAra, gAthA 145 8. samayasAra, gAthA-146 9. samayasAra, gAthA-150 10. samayasAra nATaka, puNya-pApa-ekatvadvAra, chanda 6 adhyAtma :: 409 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #419
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org paryuSaNa parva Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pro. vijayakumAra jaina jainadharma AtmavAdI dharma hai, usake sAre prayatna manuSya ko lokakalyANa aura AtmotthAna kI ora le jAnevAle haiN| Atmazuddhi jaina parvoM kI pramukha vizeSatA hai| isake lie krodha, mAna, mAyA tathA lobha rUpa kaSAyoM ko haTAkara samyak zraddhA, jJAna aura AcaraNa ko jIvana meM utArA jAtA hai | ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aparigraha ke dvArA apanI zuddhi kI jAtI hai| vANI meM syAdvAda, vicAroM meM anekAntavAda aura AcAra meM ahiMsA kI pratiSThApanA kI jAtI hai| AtmasAdhanA karate samaya uttama kSamA, uttama mArdava Adi sadguNoM ke vikAsa tathA krodhAdi vikAroM ke zamana hetu vrata, upavAsa, ekAsana, darzana, pUjana, bhakti, svAdhyAya, upadeza - zravaNa Adi pradhAna kArya kiye jAte haiM / inhIM ke dvArA AtmA ke rAgadveSa Adi vikAroM ko zAnta kara uttarottara samatA kI hI abhivRddhi kI jAtI hai / paryUSaNa parva yA dazalakSaNa parva zAzvata parva mAnA jAtA hai / paryUSaNa zabda apabhraMza hai jise pajjUSaNa kahA hai| isake prAkRta rUpa pajjUsana, pajjIsavaNa, pajjIsamana Adi haiM, aura saMskRta rUpa paryuSana, paryuSaNa, paryupavAsa, paryupAsana Adi haiN| paryUSana (pari + uSan ) kA artha para-bhAva se virata hokara svabhAva meM ramaNa karanA hai| paryupazamana (pari + upazamana) kA artha varSAyoga meM eka sthAna meM tiSThate hue apanI AtmA meM hI nivAsa karanA - lIna rahanA hai aura paryupAsanA (pari+upAsanA) kA artha utkRSTa upAsanA arthAt AtmopAsanA AtmArAdhana karanA / isa prakAra saba hI arthoM kI dRSTi se paryUSaNa Atmalocana, AtmanirIkSaNa, Atma jAgrati evaM Atmopalabdhi kA mahAna parva hai / 'pari samantAt uSaNaM nivAsaH' arthAt vyApakapane se sarvatra nivAsa karanA, tIna loka meM vyApta Atmazakti kA prasAra karanA, prANImAtra ke sAtha sahAnubhUti se samabhAva rakhanA tathA krodha, mAna, mAyA, aura lobha Adi ke vicAra kA upazamanakara nija svabhAva meM sthira honA / isa parva ko paryUSamana bhI kahA tA hai jisakA artha hai mAnasika vicAroM ko pUrNatayA zAnta krnaa| paryuSaNa ko saMvatsarI bhI kahate haiN| saMvatsara kA artha varSa hai / saMvatsara zabda se parva artha meM aN pratyaya jor3akara saMvatsara kI vyutpatti huii| varSa ke anantara sampanna honevAle parva ko sAMvatsara kahate haiN| isI ke AdhAra para ise saMvatsarI kahate haiM / zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhAdrapada zukla paMcamI ke dina saMvatsarI manAte haiM tathA usake ATha dina pahale paryUSaNa parva manAte haiM / digambara paramparA 410 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #420
meM dazalakSaNa kA Arambha bhAdrapada zukla paMcamI se hotA hai| isakI Arambha tithi bhAdrapadazukla paMcamI hai aura samApti tithi bhAdrapada zukla cturdshii| bIca meM kisI tithi kI kamI ho jAne para yaha vrata eka dina pahale se kiyA jAtA hai| isameM samApti kI tithi caturdazI hI niyAmaka hai| paramparA ke anusAra dazalakSaNa parva varSa meM tIna bAra Ate haiM, lekina yaha bhAdoM mahIne vAle dazalakSaNa parva ko hI samAja meM manAyA jAtA hai| chaThe kAla ke anta meM bharata aura airAvata khaNDa meM pralaya hotI hai| chaThe kAla ke anta meM saMvarta nAmaka pavana parvata, vRkSa, pRthvI Adi ko cUrNakara samasta dizA aura kSetra meM bhramaNa karatA hai| isa pavana ke kAraNa samasta jIva mUchita ho jAte haiN| vijayArddha kI guphA meM rakSita 72 yugaloM ke atirikta samasta prANiyoM kA saMhAra ho jAtA hai| isa kAla ke anta meM teja pavana, atyanta zIta, kSAra rasa, viSa, kaThora agni, dhUli aura dhuA~ kI varSA ekaeka saptAha taka hotI hai| isake pazcAt utsarpiNI kAla kA praveza hotA hai arthAt chaThe kAla ke anta hone ke unacAsa dina pazcAt navIna yuga kA Arambha hotA hai| sRSTi kA punarnirmANa- pralaya ke anantara unacAsa dina taka suvRSTi hotI hai| isase pRthvI kI garmI zAnta hotI hai aura latA, vRkSa vagairaha ugane lagate haiN| chipe hue manuSyayugala apane-apane sthAnoM se nikalakara pRthvI para basane lagate haiN| isa taraha sRSTi kA punarnirmANa hotA hai| mAnava jAti ne sRSTi kI sukhada smRti ke pratIka ke rUpa meM pardUSaNa manAnA prArambha kiyaa| uttama-tattvArthasUtra meM umAsvAmI ne likhA hai, 'uttama-kSamA-mArdava-Arjava-zaucasatya-saMyama-tapa-tyAga-AkiMcanya-brahmacaryANi dhrmH|' dRSTavya hai ki isameM, uttama kSamAdi dasa dharmoM ko, umAsvAmI ne, eka vacana meM dharma kahA hai| isase spaSTa hogA ki ye dasa, eka hI dharma ke dasa lakSaNa hai| dravya-dRSTi se 'vatthu sahAvo dhammo', mAne 'vastu svabhAvo dharmaH' kahA gayA hai| isa sUtrAnusAra vastu svabhAva hI dharma hai aura svabhAva meM sthita rahakara hI zAnti milatI hai, tathA krodhAdi se vyApta rahakara koI bhI prANI apane antaraMga mana meM zAnti kA anubhava nahIM kara sktaa| ina dasa dharmoM ke pIche lagAyA gayA 'uttama' zabda batAtA hai ki, ye dasoM dharma saMyama ke pAlana ke lie haiN| uttama kSamA-kSamA AtmA kA svabhAva hai| kSamA pRthvI kA bhI nAma hai| jisa prakAra pRthvI taraha-taraha ke bojha ko sahana karatI hai, usI prakAra cAhe kaisI bhI viSama paristhiti Ae usameM apane mana ko sthira rakhanA, apane Apako krodha-rUpa pariNata na karanA kSamA hai| krodha AtmA kA zatru hai, isake vazIbhUta prANI apane Apa ko bhI bhUla jAtA hai| isase usake sabhI prayojana naSTa ho jAte haiN| kSAntireva manuSyANAM, mAteva hitkaarinnii| mAtA kopaM samAyAti, kSAnti va kadAcana / / 4 / / payUSaNa parva :: 411 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #421
artha-kSamA manuSyoM ko mAtA ke samAna hitakArI hai, mAtA krodha ko prApta ho sakatI hai, kintu kSamA kabhI bhI krodha ko prApta nahIM hotii| kSamayA kSIyate karma duHkhadaM puurvsNcitm| cittaM ca jAyate zuddha, vidveSabhayavarjitam / / 5 / / artha-kSamA se duHkhadAyI pUrva saMcita karma naSTa ho jAte haiM, tathA vidveSa aura bhaya se rahita citta nirmala ho jAtA hai| puSpakoTi samaM stotraM, stotrakoTisamo jpH| japakoTisamaM dhyAnaM, dhyAnakoTisamA kssmaa||6|| artha-ArAdhya ke caraNoM meM karor3oM puSpoM ko car3hAne se jitanA puNya milatA hai utanA puNya eka stotra ke pATha karane se prApta ho jAtA hai, karor3oM pATha karane se jitanA puNya prApta hotA hai utanA puNya eka jApa karane se prApta ho jAtA hai, karor3oM jApa karane se jitanA puNya prApta hotA hai utanA puNya dhyAna karane se prApta ho jAtA hai tathA karor3oM bAra dhyAna karane se jitanA puNya prApta hotA hai utanA puNya kisI aparAdhI prANI ko eka bAra kSamA karane se prApta ho jAtA hai| kasyacit sambalaM vidyA, kasyacit sambalaM dhnm| kasyacit sambalaM mAlU, munInAM sambalaM kssmaa||7|| artha-kisI kA sambala vidyA hai, kisI kA sambala dhana hai, kisI kA sambala maraNa hai aura muniyoM kA sambala kSamA hai| narasyAbharaNaM rUpaM, rUpasyAbharaNaM gunnH| guNasyAbharaNaM jJAnaM, jJAnasyAbharaNaM kssmaa||8|| artha-manuSya kA AbhUSaNa (alaMkAra) rUpa hai, rUpa kA AbhUSaNa guNa hai, guNa kA AbhUSaNa jJAna hai, jJAna kA AbhUSaNa (alaMkAra) kSamA hai| TippaNa-zarIra kI sundaratA meM vRddhi karane vAle padArtha ko alaMkAra yA AbhUSaNa kahate haiN| krodhe nAzayate dharma, vibhAvasurivendhanam / pApaM ca kurute ghoramiti matvA vishyt|| 22 / / artha-krodha dharma ko naSTa kara detA hai, jaise agni IMdhana ko naSTa kara detI hai vaise krodha bhayaMkara pApoM ko bhI karatA hai, aisA mAnakara krodha ko chor3a denA caahie| 412 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #422
krodha ko jItane kA upAya kopena ko'pi yadi tADayate'tha hanti, pUrva mayA'sya kRtmetdnrthbuddhyaa| doSo mamaiva punarasya na ko'pi doSo, dhyAtveti tatra manasA shniiymsy|| 55 / / artha-yadi koI vyakti krodha se tADita karatA hai, to usa samaya aisA vicAra karanA cAhie ki maiMne pahale ajJAnatA se isakA anartha kiyA hai isalie ye kaSTa de rahA hai isameM merA hI doSa hai, isakA nahIM , aisA vicAra karake mana se sahana karanA caahie| apakAriNicet krodhaH, krodhe krodhaH kathaM na te| dharmArthakAmamokSANAM, caturNA pripnthini||80 / / artha-dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa, ina cAroM kA vinAza karane vAlA yadi krodha apakArI hai to tumhArA krodha para hI krodha kyoM nahIM hotA arthAt krodha para hI krodha karanA caahie| krodha binA lagAma ke ghor3e ke samAna gaDDhe meM paTakane vAlA hai| krodha saMsAra ko bar3hAne ke lie agni ko prajvalita karane vAlI havA ke samAna hai, krodha jaTharAgni ko aura puNya ko naSTa karane vAlA hai| krodha, pApoM ko karane ke lie dhUma ko utpanna karane vAlI agni ke samAna hai| krodha-mithyA Agraha rUpI dRSTi ko karane vAlA hai| krodha duSTa svabhAva vAle mantrI ke samAna hai| krodha guNa rUpI ratnoM ko naSTa karane ke liye samudra meM lagI huI baDabAnala ke samAna hai| krodha samyagdarzana rUpI parvata kI zobhA ko naSTa karane ke lie vajra ke samAna hai| cAritra aura dhyAna ko jalAne ke liye vanAgni ke samAna hai| duSTa karma vana ko harA bharA rakhane ke liye megha ke samAna hai| . eka vyakti ke krodha se, kabhI na jhagar3A hoy| Apasa meM jaba do mile, taba nizcita jhagar3A hoya // 1 // nindaka niyare rAkhiye, AMgana kuTI chvaay| bina pAnI sAbuna binA, nirmala kare suvaay||4|| uttama mArdava-'mRdo vaH mArdavam'- mRdutA kA bhAva rakhanA mArdava hai| mana, vacana aura kAya se mRdu honA mArdava athavA mRdutA hai| yadi mRdutA meM triyoga meM se kisI eka yoga kI bhI vakratA hai to vaha mAyAcAra hai| mAna kA parihAra karanA mArdava dharma kahalAtA hai| uttama jAti, kula, deza, aizvarya, rUpa, jJAna, tapa, bala, zilpa ina ATha se yukta hone para paryuSaNa parva :: 413 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #423
bhI dUsare jIvoM kA tiraskAra karane vAle abhimAna kA abhAva honA mArdava kahalAtA hai| uttama jAti, uttama kula, uttama rUpa, viziSTa jJAna kA kSayopazama uttama prabhutA, uttama bala, uttama tapa, uttama aizvarya ina se utpanna hone vAle mAna kA jo khaNDana karate haiM, vidvAn usako mArdava dharma kahate haiN| mArdava dharma ke binA sAdhu bhI asAdhu ho jAtA hai, sAdhu ke mArdava dharma hI parama guNa hai, mArdava dharma tInoM lokoM meM sukha kA khajAnA svarUpa hai| mArdava dharma se bhUSita manuSya mUrkha bhI paMDita kahA jAtA hai, aTThAIsa mUla guNoM ke dhAraka sAdhuoM ke mArdava dharma AbhUSaNa svarUpa hai, aura gRhastha bhI mArdava dharma ke prabhAva se sapta dhAtu se rahita sundara zarIra kA dhAraka deva hotA hai, vahA~ se cyuta hokara manuSya hotA hai aura munivrata ko dhAraNa kara muktiramA kA svAmI hotA hai| __mAna zreSTha AcaraNa ko naSTa kara detA hai, jaise megha, sUrya ke teja ko lupta kara detA hai, mAna, vinaya ko naSTa kara detA hai, jaise sarpa prANiyoM ke jIvana ko naSTa kara detA hai, mAna, kIrti ko naSTa kara detA hai, jaise hAthI kamalinI ko jar3a se ukhAr3a kara naSTa kara detA hai, usI prakAra mAna manuSya ke trivarga (dharma, artha, kAma) ko naSTa kara detA hai, jaise nIca puruSa upakAra ke samUha ko naSTa kara detA hai| __uttama Arjava- 'RjorbhAvaH Arjavam'- RjutA arthAt saralatA kA nAma Arjava hai| Arjava kA viparIta mAyA hai| jo prANI mana, vacana, kAya se kuTilatA na rakhatA ho vahI Arjava dharma ko pAla sakatA hai| kahA hai- mahAtmAoM kA kArya mana, vacana aura kAya se eka hotA hai tathA durAtmAoM ke mana meM kucha aura hotA hai, vacana se kucha aura bolate haiM tathA kArya meM kucha anya AcaraNa karate haiN| AcArya padmanandi deva ne kahA hai mAyitvaM kurute kRtaM saMkRdapicchAyAvighAtaM guNeSvAjAteryamino'rjiteSviha guruklezaiH zyAmadiSvalam // sarve tatra yadAsate vinibhRtA krodhAdayastattvata statpApavata yena durgatipathe jIvazciraM bhraamyt| 90 // yadi muni dvArA eka bAra bhI mAyAcArI kI jAe to vaha bar3I kaThinAI se saMcita kie haye usake ahiMsAdika guNoM ko Dhaka detI hai| usa mAyAcArarUpI makAna meM krodhAdi kaSAyeM bhI chipI rahatI haiM, usa mAyAcAra se utpanna huA pApa jIva ko aneka prakAra kI durgatiyoM meM bhramaNa karAtA hai| 'RjorbhAva ArjavaM' sarala bhAva Arjava kahalAtA hai| jo ciMtei Na vaMka, Na kuNadi vaMkaNa jaMpade vNk| Na ya govadi NiyadosaM, ajjavadhammo have tassa // 2 // 414 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #424
artha-jo na kuTila cintana karatA hai, na zarIra se kuTilatA karatA hai| na kuTila bolatA hai aura nA hI apane doSoM ko chupAtA hai usake Arjava dharma hotA hai| jo bhavya nija kRta aticAra Adi doSoM ko nahIM chupAte haiM tathA kie huye doSoM kI nindA, gardA, prAyazcitta Adi karate haiM, unake Arjava dharma hotA hai| Arjava dharma kA yaha lakSaNa sarvajJa bhagavAna ne kahA hai| ise nikaTa bhavya sarala buddhi se dhAraNa karate haiN| uttama zauca-'zucerbhAva: zaucaM' - pavitratA kA bhAva zauca hai| pavitratA lobhakaSAya kA abhAva hone para prakaTa hotI hai| jo parapadArthoM ke prati ni:spRha hai, samasta prANiyoM ke prati jisakA citta ahiMsaka hai aura jisane durmedha antaraMga mala ko dho DAlA hai, aisA pavitra hRdaya hI uttama zauca hai| svAmI samantabhadra ne svayaMbhUstotra meM kahA hai tRSNArciSaH paridahanti na zAntirAsA miSTendriyArthavibhavaiH privRddhirev|| arthAt tRSNArUpI jvAlAe~ isa jIva ko jalA rahI haiN| yaha jIva indriyoM ke iSTaviSaya ekatrakara unase ina tRSNArUpI jvAlAoM ko zAnta karane kA prayatna karatA hai, para unase isakI zAnti nahIM hotI hai, balki vRddhi hI hotI hai| dhari hiradai santoSa, karahu tapasyA deha so| zauca sadA nirdoSa, dharama bar3I saMsAra meN||4|| uttama satya- 'sadbhayo hitaM satyam' - jo sajjanoM ko hitakara ho vaha satya hai| satya kA atyadhika mahattva he| pratyeka dharma meM kisI na kisI rUpa meM satya kI pratiSThA kI gaI hai| ____ puruSoM ko prathama to samasta samasta prayojanoM ko siddha karane vAlA nirantara mauna dhAraNa karanA hitakArI hai aura yadi vacana bolanA hI par3e to aisA kahanA cAhiye jo sabako pyArA ho, satya ho aura samasta janoM kA hita karane vAlA ho| dharma nAze kriyAdhvaMse, sva siddhAntArtha viplve| apRSTairapi vaktavyaM, tatsvarUpaprakAzane // 8 // artha- jahA~ dharma kA nAza ho, jainAcAra bigar3atA ho tathA samIcIna siddhAnta kA lopa hotA ho usa jagaha samIcIna dharma kriyA aura siddhAnta ke prakAzanArtha binA pUche bhI vidvAnoM ko bolanA cAhie kyoMki yaha satpuruSoM kA kArya hai| dasa prakAra kA satya paryuSaNa parva :: 415 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #425
dezasammatinikSepa, naamruupprtiitiH| saMbhAvanopamAne ca, vyavahAro bhAva ityapi // 28 // dazadharma skandha, pR. 94 artha-satya dasa prakAra kA hai- janapada satya, sammati satya, nikSepa satya, nAma satya, rUpa satya, pratIti satya, sambhAvanA satya, upamAna satya, vyavahAra satya, bhAva sty| bhASA ke cAra bheda asatya satyagaM kiMcit, kiMcit stymstygN| satyaMsatyaM punaH kiMcit, kiMcit satyAsatyamevA // 44 // dazadharma skandha, pR. 98 artha- koI vacana asatya-satya koI satya-asatya koI satya-satya, koI asatyaasatya isa prakAra bhASA ke cAra bheda hote haiN| 1. jo asatya hokara bhI satya hai jaise bhAta paka rahA hai, vastra bunA jA rahA hai| 2. jo satya hokara bhI asatya hai jaisa- pandraha dina meM vaha vastu maiM tumheM de duuNgaa| aisA vizvAsa milAkara eka mAha yA eka varSa meM denA, de diyA isalie satya hai kintu jaba kahA thA taba nahIM diyA isalie asatya hai| 3. jo vastu jaisI hai jisa deza, kAla, AkAra pramANa meM mAnI gayI hai, usI rUpa meM svIkAra karanA satya-satya kahalAtA hai| ____4. jo vastu apane pAsa nahIM hai, vaha kala maiM tumheM dU~gA aisA kahanA asatya-asatya daza prakAra kI khoTI bhASA karkazA paruSA kaTavI niSThurA prkopinii| chedaMkarA mdhykRshaa'timaaninynyNkraa|| bhUtahiMsAkarI veti durbhASA dazadhA tyajat / bhUtahiMsAmitamasandigdhaM, syAd bhASAsamiti vadan // 48 // dazadharma skandha, pR. 98 artha- kaThora, rUkSa, kar3avI, nirdayI, dUsaroM ko krodha karAne vAlI, guNoM kA nAza karane vAlI, hRdaya meM Thesa pahu~cAne vAlI, abhimAna yukta, khoTe mArga para le jAne vAlI, prANiyoM kI hiMsA kAraka ina dasa prakAra kI bhASA kA tyAga karanA cAhie, kyoMki bhASA samiti kA dhAraka hitakArI thoDA aura sandeha rahita bolatA hai| 1. karkazA-jaise- tuma mUrkha ho, baila ho, kucha nahIM jAnate ho ityAdi bolnaa| 2. paruSA-marma vidAraka, jaise-tuma aneka doSoM se duSTa ho ityAdi bolnaa| 3. kaTukA- bhaya utpAdaka, jaise tuma jAti hIna ho, nirdhana ho ityAdi bolnaa| 416 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #426
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 4. niSThurA- maiM tumheM mAra DAlU~gA, sira kATa lU~gA ityAdi bolanA / 5. para kopinI - krodha utpAdaka, jaise tumhArA koI tapa hai, ha~satA rahatA hai, nirlajja hai, ityAdi bolanA / 6. chedaMkarI - vIrya zIla guNoM kA nAza karane vAlI athavA avidyamAna doSoM ko prakaTa karane vAlI bhASA bolanA / 7. madhyakRzA - aisI kaThora bhASA bolanA jo haDDI ko bhI patalA karatI hai| 8. atimAninI- apanI prazaMsA, para kI nindA yukta bhASA bolanA / 9. anayaMkarA - zIla bhaMga karane vAlI athavA mitratA naSTa karane vAlI bhASA bolnaa| 10. bhUtaghAtakarI - prANiyoM ke prANoM kA viyoga karane vAlI bhASA bolanA / sA~ca barAbara tapa nahIM, jhUTha barAbara pApa / jAke hRdaya sA~ca hai, tAke hRdaya prabhu Apa // 1 // koyala kAko deta hai, kAgA kAko leta / mIThI vANI bolakara, jaga apanA kara leta // 2 // dazadharma skandha, pR. 107 uttama saMyama- saMyama kA artha hai- AtmapravRttiyoM ko rokanA / saMyama Atma-sAdhanA ke AdhyAtmika mArga meM jitanA Avazyaka aura kalyANakArI hai, utanA hI samAja evaM rAjanIti meM bhI hai| phira bhI paramArtha- dRSTi se jaisA saMyama sAdhA jA sakatA hai vaisA anya kisI bhI upAya se nhiiN| zAstrakAroM ne isake do bheda kiye haiM- (1) indriya- saMyama aura (2) prANi-saMyama / chaha indriyoM aura mana kI pravRtti ko vaza meM rakhanA indriya- saMyama aura chaha kAya ke jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata rahanA prANi-saMyama hai| saMyama eka amUlya ratna hai, viSayarUpI coroM se isakI surakSA atyAvazyaka hai| uttama tapa- icchAoM kA nirodha tapa hai / icchAe~ ananta haiN| manuSya kI eka icchA pUrNa hotI nahIM hai ki zIghra hI dUsarI icchA utpanna ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra icchAoM kA anta nahIM hotaa| isIlie manISI AcAryoM ne kahA hai ki icchAoM kA damana kro| jainadharma meM tapa do prakAra kA kahA hai- (1) bAhya tapa aura (2) Abhyantara tapa / anazana (phala kI kAMkSA ke binA saMyamavRddhi ke liye kiyA gayA upavAsa), avamaudarya (saMyama meM sAvadhAna rahane ke liye kama bhojana karanA), vRtti parisaMkhyAna (bhojana kI pravRtti meM saba prakAra se maryAdA karanA), rasa parityAga ( svAdhyAyakI siddhi, indriya nigraha evaM nidrA - vijaya ke lie rasoM kA tyAga karanA), vivikta zayyAsana (brahmacarya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna kI siddhi hetu ekAnta sthAna meM sonA, uThanA-baiThanA ), kleza (zArIrika sukhoM kI icchA miTAne tathA duHkha sahana karane kI zakti bar3hAne ke lie kAya paryuSaNa parva :: 417 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #427
dhyAna Adi ke dvArA zarIra ko kaSTa denA), yaha chaha prakAra kI kriyAe~ cU~ki bAhya vastuoM kI apekSA se hotI haiM, sabako pratyakSa hotI haiM, ataH inakA bAhya tapa kahate haiN|| prAyazcit (doSoM kI zuddhi karanA), vinaya (tyAgiyoM kA Adara karanA), vaiyAvRtya (tyAgiyoM kI sevA karanA), svAdhyAya, vyutsarga (parigraha kA tyAga karanA), aura dhyAna (mana kI caMcalatA ko rokakara mana ko kendrita karanA) ye chaha antaraMga tapa haiN| (tattvArthasUtra) tapa cAheM sura rAya, karama zikhara ko vajra hai| dvAdaza vidha sukhadAya, kyoM na kare nija zakti sm||5|| dazadharma skandha, pR. 147 uttama tyAga- samyak prakAra se zruta kA vyAkhyAna karanA aura muni ityAdi ko pustaka, sthAna tathA pIchI-kamaMDalu Adi saMyama ke sAdhana denA sadAcAriyoM kA uttama tyAga dharma hai| isameM yaha bhAvanA hotI hai ki merA kucha bhI nahIM hai| bArasa aNuvekkhA meM kahA gayA NivvegatiyaM bhAvai mohaM cAiUNa savva dvvesu| jo tassa haveccAgo idi bhaNidaM jiNavariMdehi78 / / jo samasta dravyoM ke prati moha chor3akara saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM ke prati virakti kI bhAvanA rakhatA hai, usake tyAga dharma hotA hai, aisA jinendra bhagavAn ne kahA hai| - bAhya aura Abhyantara parigraha ko chor3anA tyAga kahalAtA hai| -- jJAna, saMyama aura zauca ke upakaraNa sAdhu ko pradAna karanA tyAga kahalAtA hai| - AtmA ke ahita karane vAle viSaya kaSAya kA chor3anA tyAga AtA hai| - rAga, dveSa, kAma, krodha Adi vikAra bhAvoM ko chor3anA tyAga kahalAtA hai| - AtmA se bhinna bAhya padArthoM meM iSTAniSTa kalpanA kA chor3anA tyAga kahalAtA hai| - tIna prakAra ke pAtroM ko cAra prakAra kA AhAra denA tyAga kahalAtA hai| - isaloka-paraloka meM phala prApti ke lie dhana kA vyaya karanA tyAga kahalAtA hai| dAna ke yogya sAta kSetra jinabimba jinAgAraM, jinayAtrA prtisstthitm| dAnaM pUjA ca siddhAnta- lekhanaM kSetra saptakam // 47 / / dazadharma skandha, pR. 158 artha- jina pratimA, jina mandira, jina yAtrA, pratiSThA, caturvidha saMgha ko cAra prakAra kA dAna, pUjA, siddhAnta ke lekhana ina sAta kSetroM meM dAna denA caahie| dAna kA phaladAniyoM kI isa loka meM kIrti, pratApa, bhAgya vRddhi ityAdi phala kI prApti, parabhava meM bhogabhUmi ke bhogoM ko bhogakara svarga ko prApta hotA hai, kintu jo samyagdRSTi satpAtra ko 418 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #428
dAna detA hai vaha solahaveM svarga kI lakSmI ko prApta kara tIrthaMkara cakravartI ke vacanAtIta sukhoM ko prApta hotA hai| samyagdarzana se rahita hone para bhI jo eka bAra satpAtra ko dAna detA hai, vaha dAna ke prabhAva se bhogabhUmi ke sukhoM ko prApta kara svarga jAtA hai, isalie sadgrahastha ko hamezA zakti ke anusAra dAna denA caahie| utkRSTa pAtra dAna se utkRSTa bhogabhUmi, madhyama pAtra dAna se madhyama bhogabhUmi, jaghanya pAtra dAna se jaghanya bhogabhUmi prApta hotI hai| supAtra meM lagAyA gayA dhana paraloka meM ananta gunA phalatA hai| kupAtra dAna se kubhogabhUmi evaM apAtradAna se durgati kI prApti hotI hai| __ uttama AkiMcanya- 'akiMcanasya bhAva: AkicanyaM' -akiMcanapane kA bhAva AkiMcanya hai| jisake pAsa kucha nahIM bacA, vaha akiMcana kahalAtA hai| AcArya kundakunda kA kathana hai ki jisake hRdaya meM paradravya ke prati paramANumAtra bhI rAga hai vaha vyakti bhale hI sAre AgamoM kA jJAtA ho, kintu vaha AtmA ko bhalI prakAra nahIM jaantaa| vaha vyakti rAga aura dveSa-rUpI do dIrgha rassiyoM se khIMcA jAtA huA atyanta cirakAla taka saMsAra meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| ataH sAMsArika padArthoM ke prati rAga-dveSa kA tyAga Avazyaka hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra meM kahA hai mohatimirApaharaNe darzanalAbhAdavApta sNjnyaanH| rAgadveSanivRttyai caraNaM pratipadyate saadhuH| 47 / / mohAndhakAra naSTa ho jAne para samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ko prApta sAdhu rAga-dveSa kI nivRtti ke lie cAritra ko prApta hotA hai, isa prakAra kA moha, rAga tathA dveSa kI nivRtti Atmopalabdhi ke lie atyAvazyaka hai, yaha nivRtti uttama AkiMcanya dharma prakaTa karane se hotI hai| parigraha-upakaraNoM ke dekhane se usa ora upayoga lagAne se unameM mUrchabhAva rakhane se tathA lobha karma kI udIraNA hone se parigraha saMjJA utpanna hotI hai| antaraMga parigraha ke bheda mithyAtva veda rAgastathaiva hAsyAdayazca ssddbhedaaH| catvArazca kaSAyAzcaturdazAbhyantarA granthAH / / 13 // artha-mithyAtva, strI, puruSa aura napuMsaka veda kA rAga, isI taraha hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA ye chaha doSa aura cAra kaSAya krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha athavA anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa ora saMjvalana ye cAra kaSAya isa prakAra antaraMga parigraha ke caudaha bheda haiN| bahiraMga parigraha ke bheda paryuSaNa parva :: 419 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #429
kSetraM gRhaM dhanaM dhAnyaM, dvipadaM ca ctussttpdm| AsanaM zayanaM vastraM bhANDaM syAd gRhamedhinAM // 4 // dazadharma skandha, pR. 176 artha-khela, makAna, sonA cA~dI, dhAnya (anAja), dAsI-dAsa, gAya-baila Adi Asana (bartana), zayana (vastra) pApa aura Arambha kI hAni ke lie gRhasthoM ko ina dasa prakAra ke parigrahoM kA parimANa karanA caahie| uttama brahmacarya- 'brahmaNi caraNaM brahmacaryaM' - arthAt AtmA meM vicaraNa karanA, lIna honA brahmacarya hai| brahmacarya sabase bar3A dharma hai| brahmacarya vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanA striiruup-mukh-shRNgaar-vilaasniriikssnnm| pUrvAnubhUta sada bhoga-ratyAdi smaraNejjhanam // 21 // dazadharma skandha, pR. 190 artha- striyoM meM rAga bar3hAne vAlA rUpa, mukha, zRMgAra, vilAsa Adi ke nirIkSaNa kA pUrva anubhUta bhogoM evaM rati ke smaraNa kA tyAga karanA, ye brahmacarya vrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiN| striyoM ke samparka meM rahanA, gariSTa bhojana karanA, sugandhita tela mAlAdi pahananA, striyoM ke samIpa sonA-baiThanA, gAne vAloM ke samIpa rahanA, dhana kA saMgraha karanA, kuzIla strI puruSoM kI saMgati karanA, rAjAoM kI sevA karanA, rAtri meM ghUmanA ye daza brahmacarya ke vinAzaka haiN| - dazadharma skandha, pR. 191 zIla-vADa nau rAkha, brahma-bhAva antara lkho| kari donoM abhilAkha, karahu saphala narabhava sdaa|| uttama brahmacarya mana Anau, mAtA bahina sutA phicaano| sahai vAna-varaSA bahu sUre, Tikai na naina-vAna lakhi kuure|| kUre tiyA ke azuci tana meM, kAma-rogI rati kreN|| baha mRtaka sar3ahiM masAna mAhIM, kAga jyoM coMce bhrai|| saMsAra meM viSabela nArI, taji gaye jogiishvraa|| 'dyAnata' dharama daza paiMDi car3hikai, ziva-mahala meM paga dhraa|| - dazalakSaNa dharma pUjana, jinavANI saMgraha, 420 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #430
dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga rAkeza jaina zAstrI uttama saMhananasyaikAgracintA nirodho dhyAnamAntarmuhUrtAt / / 9/27 / / AcArya umAsvAmI, tattvArthasUtra arthAt uttama saMhanana vAle kA eka viSaya meM hI cittavRtti ko rokanA dhyAna hai, jo antarmuhUrta kAla taka hotA hai| ___ekAgratA kA nAma hI dhyAna hai arthAt vyakti jisa samaya jisa bhAva kA cintavana karatA hai, usa samaya vaha usa bhAva ke sAtha tanmaya hotA hai| ruci pUrvaka jAne hue viSaya meM 'dhyAna' binA kisI prayAsa ke sahaja hI hotA hai| isa dhyAna ke lie koI prazikSaNa ityAdi kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| AvazyakatA to itanI hI hai ki jisakA hama dhyAna karanA cAhate haiM, pahale use bhalI prakAra samyaktayA jAna leM tathA jAnakara pasanda kara leN| tatsambandhI dhyAna to svayameva hotA hai| jIvamAtra isa dhyAna se paricita hai| saMsAra dazA meM bhI jIva dhyAna karatA hI rahatA hai| vaha dhyAna eka Atma tattva ko Age karake nahIM apitu anya padArthoM kI anantatA meM se kisI ko pasanda karake hotA hai| yaha pasanda bhI sadaiva eka-rUpa nahIM hotI hai| kabhI kisI ke prati to kabhI anya kisI ke prati isa kAraNa yaha jIva dhyAnarata rahate hue bhI AkulatA-sampanna banA rahatA hai| prayAsa to Ananda ke lie karatA hai aura phala AkulatA kA milatA hai| isakA kAraNa itanA hI hai ki dhyAna yogya (dhyeya) kA nirNaya jJAna se kiyA nahIM gayA aura na hI tatsambandhI rucikaratA huI hai| hamArA dhyAna Ananda rUpa phalavAlA ho isake lie mAtra dhyAna kA viSaya jJAna dvArA nirNIta honA caahie| zrI cAmuNDarAya viracita 'cAritrasAra' grantha meM dhyAna ko cAra aMga vAlA tathA do prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai ve cAra aMga haiM-dhyAtA, dhyAna, dhyeya aura dhyaanphl| ina cAra aMgoM vAlA dhyAna dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 421 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #431
prazasta aura aprazasta ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| 1. dhyAna karane vAle yogI ko dhyAtA kahate haiN| 2. dhyAtA dvArA jo kArya sampanna ho, use dhyAna kahate haiN| dhyAtA dvArA kI gayI kriyA dhyAna hai| 3. dhyAtA puruSa dvArA jisakA dhyAna kiyA jAe, use dhyeya kahate haiN| 4. dhyAtA puruSa dvArA dhyAne yogya kA dhyAna karane para jo arjita kiyA jAe __ vaha dhyAnaphala hai| dhyAna se jo prApta ho, vaha dhyAnaphala hai| aba prazasta aura aprazastapanA vicAraNIya hai jo dhyAna kI kriyA svAdhIna, avinAzI, dhyAne yogya nija Atmatattva ke prati samarpita ho evaM nijAtmA ke ArAdhakoM ke prati samarpita ho, vaha to prazasta-dhyAna hai aura inake atirikta kisI ke prati bhI dhyAnamagnatA aprazasta-dhyAna hai| prazasta dhyAna dharmyarUpa tathA zuklarUpa hotA hai tathA aprazasta dhyAna Arta aura raudra rUpa hotA hai| dharmya tathA zukla dhyAna sukharUpa tathA sukha ke kAraNa haiM tathA Arta aura raudra dhyAna du:kha rUpa tathA duHkha ke kAraNa haiN| dhyAna raudradhyAna - - --dharmyadhyAna ArtadhyAna zukladhyAna iSTaviyogaja aniSTasaMyogaja pIr3Acintana nidAna | pRthaktva ekatva sUkSma vyuparatakriyA || vitarka vitarka kriyA nivRtti vIcAra avIcAra pratipAti hiMsAnandI mRSAnandI cauryAnandI parigrahAnandI AjJAvicaya apAyavicaya vipAkavicaya saMsthAnavicaya evaM anya prakAra se dharmyadhyAna piMDastha padastha rUpastha rUpAtIta 1. ArtadhyAna-Arta kA artha hai pIr3A yA du:kh| jina pariNAmoM meM jIva nirantara pIDita rahe, vikala rahe, duHkhI rhe| aise anAdi saMskAra-vaza hone vAle azubha pariNAma hI ArtadhyAna rUpa hote haiN| vyAkulatA, chaTapaTAhaTa, adhIratA ye ArtadhyAna kI hI abhivyaktiyA~ haiN| ArtadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM-aniSTa saMyogaja, iSTaviyogaja, pIr3A cintanaja evaM nidaanj| 422 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #432
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir (1) aniSTa saMyogaja-viSa, kaNTaka, zatru evaM zastra Adi jo apriya padArtha haiM, ve amanojJa yA aniSTa kahalAte haiM / unake saMyoga hone para nirantara duHkhI rahanA yA unake viyoga kI cintA meM parezAna rahanA aniSTa- saMyogaja ArtadhyAna hai / (2) iSTaviyogaja - apane cAhe hue strI- putra - dhanAdi sAmagrI ke viyoga ho jAne para unakI prApti ke lie nirantara cintita rahanA tathA viyoga para nirantara kheda - khinna rahanA, isaprakAra kI duHkhamayI pravRtti iSTaviyogaja ArtadhyAna hai / (3) pIr3A cintanaja - vAta-pitta-kapha Adi ke prakopa se deha meM hone vAle rogoM ko dekhate hue tajjanya vedanA se nirantara cintita rahanA tathA aisI cintA banI rahanA ki aise rogoM kI mujhe kabhI bhI utpatti na ho yA ye zIghra naSTa ho jAe~, pIr3A cintanaja tIsarA ArtadhyAna hai / (4) nidAnaja - bhogoM kI icchA lie hue AgAmI anukUla viSayoM kI prApti ke prati nirantara saMkalparata rahanA, cintArata rahanA nidAnaja ArtadhyAna hai| ukta cAroM prakAra kA ArtadhyAna duHkhI jIvoM ko tiryaMca gati ke bandhana ke kAraNa hote haiM arthAt yaha vartamAna kA duHkhamayIpanA bhaviSya kI duHkhamayI gati kA kAraNa hotA hai / 2. raudradhyAna - rudra kA artha krUra Azaya hai| aisA nirdaya svabhAvI, nirantara krodhI, abhimAna meM cUra, pApa meM pravINa jIva raudradhyAnI hotA hai / isa dhyAna se prabhAvita jIva dhvaMsAtmaka bhAvoM ko prApta hotA hai aura unakI preraNA se avAMchita kAryoM meM pravRtta rahatA hai / iSTa prApti meM nirantara Anandita dikhatA hai / raudra dhyAna bhI cAra prakAra kA hotA hai - hiMsAnandI, mRSAnandI, cauryAnandI aura parigrahAnandI / (1) hiMsAnandI - tIvra kaSAya ke udaya se hiMsA meM Ananda mAnanA / jIvoM ke samUha ko apane se yA anya ke dvArA mAre jAne, pIr3ita kie jAne, dhvaMsa kie jAne aura ghAta kie jAne ke lie sambandha milAe jAne para jo harSa mAnA jAe, vaha hiMsAnanda nAmaka raudradhyAna hai / (2) mRSAnandI - jina para dUsaroM ko zraddhA na ho sake, aisI apanI buddhi ke dvArA kalpanA kI huI yuktiyoM ke dvArA dUsaroM ko Thagane ke lie jhUTha bolane ke saMkalpa kA bAra-bAra cintavana karanA mRSAnanda hai / (3) cauryAnandI - jabaradastI athavA pramAda pUrvaka dUsare ke dhana ko haraNa karane ke saMkalpa kA bAra-bAra cintavana karanA arthAt jIvoM ke caura karma ke lie nirantara cintA utpanna ho tathA corI karake bhI nirantara harSa, Ananda mAne, use cauryAnandI raudradhyAna hotA hai / dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 423 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #433
(4) parigrahAnandI-isakA dUsarA nAma viSaya-saMrakSaNAnanda bhI hai| cetana acetana rUpa parigraha meM 'yaha merA parigraha hai', 'maiM isakA svAmI hU~', isaprakAra mamatva rakhakara, usake apaharaNa karane vAle kA nAzakara, usakI rakSA karane ke saMkalpa kA bArambAra cintavana karanA viSaya saMrakSaNAnanda yA parigrahAnanda nAma kA raudradhyAna hai| ukta caturvidha raudradhyAna ke pariNAmoM meM jIva Anandita mahasUsa hotA hai, kintu ina raudradhyAna ke pariNAmoM meM naraka-jaisI duHkhadAyI gatiyoM kA Asrava hotA hai arthAt ye raudradhyAna naraka gati ke kAraNa haiN| 3. dharmyadhyAna-dharma se yukta dhyAna dharmyadhyAna hai, rAga-dveSa ko tyAgakara, arthAt sAmyabhAva se jIvAdi padArthoM kA, ve jaise-jaise apane svarUpa meM avasthita haiM, vaisevaise dhyAna yA cintavana karanA dharmyadhyAna kahA gayA hai| paMcaparameSThI kI bhakti, pUjA, dAna, abhyutthAna tathA vinaya Adi zubhAnuSThAna bahiraMga dharmyadhyAna ke cihna haiN| viSaya lampaTatA, niSThuratA, kSubdha citta rUpa kaSAyotpAdaka pariNAmoM se viparIta vairAgyarasa se bharapUra, tattvajJAnarata jIvana, parigraha-tyAga-yukta sAmyabhAva aura parISahajaya ke pariNAmoM se dharmyadhyAna hotA hai| dharmyadhyAna se yukta jIva nirantara prasannacita rahatA hai| bAhya prasaMgoM kI anukUla-pratikUlatA meM citta dolAyamAna nahIM hotA saMsAra zarIra, bhogoM se virakta hone ke lie yA virakta hone para usa bhAva ko sthira banAye rakhane ke lie samyagdRSTi jIva kA jo praNidhAna (mahAna prayatna) hotA hai, use dharmyadhyAna kahate haiN| yaha uttama kSamAdi dharma se yukta hotA hai, isalie dharmyadhyAna kahalAtA hai| nimitta bheda se dharmyadhyAna cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA haiAjJApAyavipAkasaMsthAnavicayAya dhrmym||9/36 AcArya umAsvAmI, tattvArthasUtra AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna ina kI vicAraNA ke nimitta se mana ko ekAgra karanA dharmyadhyAna hai| (a) AjJAvicaya-upadeza dene vAle AcAryoM kI durlabhatA hone se, svayaM mandabuddhi hone se, karmoM kA udaya hone se, aura padArthoM ke sUkSma hone se, tattva ke samarthana meM hetu tathA dRSTAnta kA abhAva hone se, sarvajJa praNIta Agama ko pramANa karake 'yaha isI prakAra hai, kyoMki jina anyathAvAdI nahIM hote' isa prakAra gahana padArtha ke zraddhAna dvArA artha kA avadhAraNa karanA AjJAvicaya dharmyadhyAna hai athavA svayaM padArthoM ke rahasya ko jAnatA hai, aura dUsaroM ke 424 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #434
prati usakA pratipAdana karanA cAhatA hai, isalie svasiddhAnta ke avirodha dvArA tattva kA samarthana karane ke lie usake jo tarka, naya aura pramANa kI yojanA rUpa nirantara cintana hotA hai, vaha sarvajJa kI AjJA ko prakAzita karane vAlA hone se AjJA vicaya kahA jAtA hai| AjJA vicaya tattvaniSThA meM sahAyaka hotA hai| (2) apAyavicaya-mithyAdRSTi jIva janmAndha puruSa ke samAna sarvajJa-praNIta mArga se vimukha hote haiM, unheM sanmArga kA parijJAna na hone se ve mokSArthI puruSoM ko dUra se hI tyAga dete haiN| isa prakAra sanmArga ke apAya kA cintavana karanA, athavA ye prANI mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna, aura mithyAcAritra se kaise dUra hoMge,- isaprakAra cintana karanA apAya vicaya dharmyadhyAna haiN| apAyavicaya saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM se virakti utpanna karatA hai| (3) vipAkavicaya-jIvoM ko jo eka aura aneka bhavoM meM puNya aura pApa karma kA phala prApta hotA hai, usakA tathA udaya, udIraNA, saMkrama, bandha aura mokSa kA cintana karanA vipAka vicaya hai| vipAka vicaya se karmaphala aura usake kAraNoM kI vicitratA kA jJAna dRr3ha hotA hai| (4) saMsthAna vicaya-tIna lokoM kA AkAra, pramANa, Ayu, dravya-guNa-paryAya ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA saMsthAna vicaya hai| saMsthAnavicaya se loka sthiti kA jJAna dRr3ha hotA hai| ukta ke atirikta anya prakAra se bhI dharmyadhyAna ke cAra bheda kie jAte haiM(1) piNDastha, (2) padastha, (3) rUpastha aura (4) ruupaatiit|| (1) piNDastha-zarIra sthita AtmA kA cintavana piNDastha dhyAna hai| jar3a pudgalamayI zarIra va karmAdi saMyukta avasthA meM tathA rAga-dveSa Adi vikArI pariNAmoM meM bhI apane jIvatva ko jJAnAdi caitanya lakSaNa vicAra karanA piNDastha dhyAna hai| padastha-arhanta Adi paMcaparameSThI vAcaka akSaroM va mantroM kA aneka prakAra se vicAra tathA tadanusAra unake svarUpa kA ekAgra hokara cintana karanA padastha dhyAna hai| zuddha hone ke lie zuddha-AtmAoM kA svarUpa cintavana karmaraja ko dUra karane vAlA hai| (3) rUpastha-sarva cidrUpa kA cintavana, nija AtmA kA puruSAkAra Adi rUpa meM vicAra karanA rUpastha dhyAna hai, athavA samavasaraNa meM virAjamAna aSTa pratihArya, anantacatuSTaya rUpa se suzobhita arhanta bhagavAna kA cintana bhI rUpastha dhyAna meM samAhita hai| (4) rUpAtIta-nija niraMjana trikAlI zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna rUpAtIta dhyAna hai| vicAra (2 dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 425 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #435
va cintavana se atIta, mAtra jJAtA-draSTA rUpa se jJAna kA bhavana hI rUpAtIta dhyAna hai| ukta caturvidha dharmyadhyAna samyagdRSTi jIvoM ko hI hotA hai| 4. zukla dhyAna-nija niraMjana zuddha jJAnasvabhAvI bhagavatsvarUpa Atmatattva meM lavalIna vartamAna pariNati ki jisameM mAtra jJAna hI jJAna kA jJeya-dhyeya ho rahA hai, jisameM anya jJeyasamudAya yA vikArAdirUpa samagra pariNatisamudAya bhI nijarUpa se bAhara-bAhara rahate haiM, aisI nijAdhIna pariNati zukladhyAna hai| isa avasthA meM munirAja ko buddhipUrvaka samasta rAga samApti kI ora tathA nirvikalpa samAdhi jAgrata hotI hai| isakI uttarottara vRddhiMgata cAra zreNiyA~ haiM (1) pRthaktva vitarka vIcAra, (2) ekatvavitarka avIcAra, (3) sUkSma kriyApratipAti, (4) samucchinnakriyAnivRtti yA vyuparatakriyAnivRtti / (1) pRthaktva vitarka vIcAra-dhyAtA puruSa nijazuddhAtma saMvedana bhAvanArata rahate hue bAhya padArthoM kI cintA nahIM karatA, tathApi jitane aMzoM meM svarUpa sthiratA nahIM hai utane aMzoM meM anicchita vikalpa utpanna hote haiN| ata: dravya se paryAya aura paryAya se dravya, eka zAstra vacana se dUsare zAstravacana tathA eka yoga se dUsare yoga ke Alambana se dhyAna kI dhArA calanA 'pRthaktva vitarka vIcAra' dhyAna hai| upazAnta moha guNasthAna kI dazA meM munirAja jo nirantara Atma-dhyAna-rata rahate haiM, yahI dazA pRthaktva vitarka vIcAra kI hai| ekatva vitarka avIcAra-nija zuddha Atmadravya meM, yA vikAra rahita Atmasukha anubhavarUpa paryAya meM, upAdhi rahita svasaMvedana guNa meM, ina tInoM meM se jisa eka meM aparivartita nizcala pravRtti honA, 'ekatva vitarka avIcAra' dhyAna hai| kSINakaSAya nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAna meM yaha dhyAna hotA hai, jo ki kevalajJAna kI utpatti kA kAraNa hotA hai| (3) sUkSma kriyA pratipAtI-ekatva vitarka avIcAra zukladhyAna ke bala se jinhoMne cAra ghAtiyA karma naSTa kara diye haiM tathA jaba na to zruta vacana kA Azraya rahatA hai aura na hI yoga-saMkramaNa hotA hai, kevala sUkSmakAya yoga mAtra kA avalambana rahatA hai taba, jaba Ayu karma kA antarmuhUrta kAla zeSa rahatA hai, sUkSma kriyA pratipAtI dhyAna sampanna hotA hai| (4) vyuparata kriyAnivRtti-zruta vikalpa rUpa vitarka tathA yogasaMkramaNa rUpa vIcAra aura mana-vacana-kAya-rUpa yoga-saMkramaNa ke abhAva meM jo svasvarUpa meM avicala pravRtti hai, vahI vyuparata kriyA anivRtti rUpa sarvottama zukla dhyAna hai, isakA samucchinna kriyA nivRtti apara nAma hai| isa dhyAna ke pratApa se karma-rahita niSkarma siddha-avasthA udbhUta hotI hai| 426 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #436
bhAvanA jina bhAvoM se mohAsakta, mugdha, mohI jIva Atmatantra ho jAtA hai, duHkhadAyI karmoM ko naSTa kara sukha bhogatA huA muktilAbha ko prApta kara svatantra ho jAtA hai, una bhAvoM ko jAnakara, bArambAra cintana karanA hI bhAvanA hai| AcArya jayasena kRta 'paMcAstikAya saMgraha' kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA meM bhAvanA ko nimna rUpa meM paribhASita kiyA gayA hai - 'jJAte'rthe punaH punazcintanaM bhAvanA' / 46 / arthAt jAne hue artha ko punaH punaH cintana karanA bhAvanA hai| jinAgama meM bhAvanAe~ anekarUpa meM varNita haiM-bhavyajIvoM ke Ananda kI janaka vairAgyotpAdaka bAraha bhAvanAe~ (anuprekSAe~), saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM se virakti sIkhane rUpa vairAgyabhAvanA tathA utkRSTa tIrthaMkara prakRti nAmakarma ke bandha kI kAraNa svarUpa solaha kAraNa bhAvanAe~, dehAnta ke samaya meM bhAne yogya samAdhibhAvanA Adi bahucarcita bhAvanAe~ haiN| bAraha bhAvanA 'jagatkAyasvabhAvau vA sNvegvairaagyaarthm'| 7/12 AcArya umAsvAmI, tattvArthasUtra yaha jagat aura zarIra svabhAva se hI saMvega aura vairAgya ke lie hai| aisA jAnakara nitya sthAyI, jJAnaghana, caitanya-Ananda svabhAvI AtmA ke anubhavI jJAnIjana ukta kSaNasthAyI, svabhAva se hI azaraNa, asArabhUta jagata se tathA azucitA kA ghara, Asrava-bandha kA kAraNa svarUpa, moha-rAga-dveSa kA sarvottama sahAyI, 'deha' ke prati udAsIna hote haiM kyoMki viSayAsakti rAga-dveSa kI kAraNa hai aura viSayaviraktipUrvaka AtmaramaNatA rAga-dveSa ke abhAva kI yA svAdhIna, sthAyI, Atmika Ananda kI prApti kI kAraNa hai| aisI viSaya-viraktatA rUpa vairAgya-pariNati ko jagAne ke lie anityAdi bAraha anuprekSAe~ haiM, jinheM bAraha bhAvanAe~ bhI kahA jAtA hai| kavivara daulatarAma jI ne to ina bArahoM bhAvanAoM ko 'vairAgya rasa ko utpanna karane ke lie mAtA ke samAna' kahA hai| saMsAra, zarIra aura bhogoM ke yathArtha svarUpa para jaba hama bAra-bAra cintana karate haiM, to unakI ni:sAratA, dukhamayatA, duHkhakAraNatA samajha meM Ane lagatI hai, taba bhrama dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 427 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #437
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org se utpanna Asakti DhIlI par3ane lagatI hai aura sahaja hI vairAgya ke aMkura phUTane lagate haiM / yahI punaH punaH cintana hI anuprekSA hai, bhAvanA hai| ve bAraha bhAvanAe~ prasiddha haiM 1. anitya, 2. azaraNa, 3. saMsAra, 4. ekatva, 5. anyatva, 6. azuci, 7. Asrava, 8. saMvara, 9. nirjarA, 10. loka, 11. bodhi - durlabha aura 12. dharma | 1. anitya - jJAna aura Ananda svabhAvI maiM Atmatattva anAdi ananta jIva tattva huuN| na merA janma hotA hai aura na hI merA maraNa sambhava hai; kyoMki maiM zAzvata tattva huuN| mere alAvA mujhe isa vizva ke samasta padArthoM kA saMyoga hotA hai| saMyoga to viyoga svabhAvI hote haiM, ataH unake bharose mujhe sthAyitva aura svAdhInatA kA lAbha nahIM mila sakatA hai| anya padArtha cetana hoM yA acetana, koI bhI mujhe lAbhAnvita kara sakane yA hAni kara sakane kI sAmarthya nahIM rakhate haiM, kyoMki ve sabhI kSaNabhaMgura haiN| cAhe ye zarIra ho, sampatti ho yA sambandhI, sabake saba chUTane vAle haiN| inakA astitva bhora ke tAroM kI bhA~ti hai, jo kucha kSaNoM meM hI vilIna hone vAle haiM, kintu maiM svayaM apane astitva meM sadA vidyamAna rahane vAlA nitya tattva huuN| kahA bhI gayA hai-- dravyarUpa kari sarva thira paryaya thira hai kaun| dravyadRSTi ApA lakhau parajaya naya kari gauna // Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 428 :: jainadharma paricaya paM. jayacanda chAvar3A, bAraha bhAvanA 2. azaraNa - anAdi-nidhana vizva meM isa jIva ko apanA nija AtmA hI zaraNa hai ki jisa AtmA ko nirantara jJAna kA viSaya banAye rahane para atIndriya Ananda nirbhaya hokara bhogA jAtA hai / isa nija AtmA se upayoga ke haTane para, jinhoMne nija AtmA kI zaraNa lI hai aise paMca parameSThI tathA unakA batAyA dharma hI isa jIva ko zaraNabhUta hai ki jinakI zaraNa meM rahakara jIva AkulatAoM se bacA raha sakatA hai| inake alAvA saMsAra meM koI bhI isa jIva ko janma- jarA - mRtyu rUpI bhayoM se bacA nahIM sktaa| cAhe kitanA bhI bar3A parikara aura parivAra ho, dhana aura vaibhava ho athavA devI - devatAoM kI upAsanA bhI kI jAe, Ayu ke anta samaya para inakA koI jora nahIM calatA, sAre sAdhana rahate hue bhI niSprANa ho jAte haiN| janma lene vAle kA maraNa anivArya hai| bar3Ibar3I auSadhi, mantra - tantra aura sAre padArtha vyartha siddha ho jAte haiM / jisa prakAra siMha ke mukha meM praviSTa hiraNa ko koI nahIM bacA sakatA, usI prakAra isa dehadhArI ko mRtyurUpI siMha ke mukha se bacAyA nahIM jA sktaa| aisI sthiti meM isa jIva ko yadi koI zaraNa hai to mAtra nijAtmA yA deva-guru-dharma hI zaraNa hai| bhagavAna vAsupUjya kI pUjA kI jayamAla meM kahA hai " nijAtama kai paramesura zarna, nahIM inake bina Apada harna" For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #438
paM. jayacanda jI chAvar3A kRta 'bAraha bhAvanA' bhI yahI izArA karatI hai zuddhAtama aru paMca guru, jaga meM saranau doy| moha udaya jiya ke vRthA, Ana kalpanA hoy|| 3. saMsAra-anAdi-ananta isa loka meM jIva ko hitalAbha ke lie ekamAtra nija zuddha svabhAva evaM usakI ArAdhanA hI sArabhUta hai, jisase yaha jIva svAdhIna sthAyI sukhalAbha-prApta karatA hai| isa svatattva ke atirikta isa vizva meM ananta jIva aura anantAnanta pudgalAdi padArtha haiM, kintu ve koI bhI sArabhUta nahIM haiN| aise apane-apane ananta guNa-paryAyoM se yukta samasta jIvAdi padArtha jo ki mere lie para haiM, asAra haiM, unake prati prIti kA honA hI saMsAra hai, du:kha rUpa hai, duHkha kA kAraNa hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva rUpa paMca parAvartanamayI ananta saMsAra meM nija AtmA ke atirikta saba kucha asAra hai| ina asAra tattvoM kA anurAga caturgati bhramaNa kA kAraNa hai jo ki sadaiva duHkha svarUpa hai| isalie paronmukhatA se haTakara svasanmukhatA kA puruSArtha hI kartavya hai| yahI asAra rUpa saMsAra meM sAra bhUta tattva kI bhAvanA hai| SaDdravyamayI loka kA nAma saMsAra nahIM hai, SaDdravyamayI jo loka yA vizva hai, vaha vizva jIva ko duHkha rUpa nahIM hai, kintu saMsAra meM jIva duHkhI hotA hai arthAt saMsAra loka meM nahIM apitu jIva ke antarbhAvoM meM rAga-dveSa-moha rUpa pariNAmoM se hai| ve vikRta bhAva jIva ne ajJAnavaza kalpanA se utpanna kiye haiN| jIva kA sukha jIva ke svayaM ke jJAna svabhAva meM hai, anyatra kisI bhI dravyAdi ke pAsa jIva kA sukha nahIM hai| aise apane svabhAva se aparicita jIva anya padArthoM se sukha kI kAmanA rUpa rAga-dveSa bhAvoM meM ulajhatA rahatA hai, duHkhI hotA rahatA hai| jaise zikArI ke upadrava se bhayabhIta bhAgatA huA kharagoza, ajagara ke khulephaile hue mu~ha ko bila samajhakara praveza kara jAtA hai, usI prakAra jIva ajJAnatA meM kSudhA, tRSA, kAma-krodhAdi tathA indriyoM ke viSayoM kI tRSA ke AtApa se santApita hokara viSaya rUpa ajagara ke mukha meM praveza karatA hai| viSaya kaSAyoM meM praveza karanA hI saMsArarUpa ajagara kA mukha hai| isameM praveza kara apane jJAna, darzana, sukha, sattAdi bhAva prANoM ko na pahacAna kara bhrama meM rahatA hue nigodAdi meM acetana-jaisA hokara ananta bAra janmamaraNa karatA huA anantakAla vyatIta karatA hai| 4. ekatva ekkohaM Nimmamo suddho NANa daMsaNa lkkhnno| suddheyattamuvAdeyaM evaM ciMtei svvdaa||20|| AcArya kundakunda, bArasANuvekkhA dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 429 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #439
arthAt maiM eka hU~, nirmama (mamatA rahita) hU~, zuddha hU~, jJAna-darzana lakSaNa hU~, isalie eka zuddhatva hI upAdeya hai, aisA nirantara cintavana karanA caahie| aisA jJAna-darzana cetanA lakSaNa jIvatva hI maiM hU~, yahI merA svarUpa hai, yahI merI zAzvatatA hai| maiM sadaiva apane lakSaNoM meM eka rUpa hI rahA huuN| mere apane nijabhAva ke atirikta maiM para yA parabhAva rUpa kadApi nahIM huA huuN| mere alAvA para evaM para ke bhAva ananta hone para bhI ve saba mere saMyogI to hue para ve 'maiM' nahIM hue haiN| maiM sadaiva una sabase asambandhita rahate hue unakA mAtra jJAtA hI rahA hU~ aura apane jJAnabhAva kA hI bhoktA rahA huuN| anya saba vibhAva bhAvoM kA kartA yA bhoktA to saMyoga dekhakara kahA hI jAtA rahA hU~, tadrUpa huA nahIM huuN| aisA jAnakara apane meM apanatva karanA hI apanI ekatva kI ArAdhanA hai| 5. anyatva bahirbhavAH santyapare samastA na zAzvatAH karmabhavAH svkiiyaa|| 26 / / AcArya amitagati arthAt 'jo kucha bAhara hai saba para hai, karmAdhIna vinAzI hai||' isa vizva meM nija jJAyaka tattva ke atirikta anya ananta jJAna-svabhAvI jIva va anantAnanta sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa-lakSaNa pudgala tathA dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAlAdi padArtha bhI haiM aura ve svayaM apane-apane kArya rUpa sadaiva pariNamate haiN| unake pariNamana meM merA koI hastakSepa nahIM calatA aura mere svabhAva va pariNamana meM unameM se kisI kA bhI hastakSepa yA dabAva nahIM calatA hai| yadyapi unakA saMyoga mere sAtha va merA saMyoga unake sAtha ananta bAra ananta prakAra se huA hai, ho rahA hai aura kadAcit hotA bhI rahegA, parantu mAtra saMyoga hI to hogaa| ve mere svabhAva rUpa kabhI na the, na haiM aura na hI hoNge| aisA jAnakara samasta para padArthoM se tathA kSaNika avasthAoM mAtra se aprabhAvita rahanA hI anyatva kI bhAvanA hai| ekatva aura anyatva donoM bhAvanAoM ko AcArya kundakunda ne 'niyamasAra' meM evaM AcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ne 'iSTopadeza' meM isa prakAra samAviSTa kiyA hai ego me sassado appA NANadaMsaNa lkkhnno| sesA me bAhirA bhAvA savve saMyoga lakkhaNA // gAthA 101 / / eko'haM nirmamaH zuddho jJAnI yogiindrgocraaH| bAhyA saMyogajA bhAvA mattaH sarve'pi sarvathA // zloka 27 // 430 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #440
arthAt 'merA suzAzvata eka darzana jJAna lakSaNa jIva hai| bAkI sabhI saMyoga lakSaNa bhAva mujhase bAhya haiN|' 6. azaci-anAdi ananta caitanya cihna se pahicAnA jAne vAlA nija zuddhAtmatattva sadaiva jJAna-darzana lakSaNoM meM pariNamatA huA svabhAva se zuddha hI hai, pavitra hI hai| aisI svAbhAvika pavitratA kA anubhava pavitratA (samyagdarzanAdi ratnatraya) kI utpatti kA kAraNa hai| isa svabhAva se bAhya yaha nikaTastha deha tathA deha ke prati kA rAgAdibhAva sadaiva azuddhatA lie hue hI haiM tathA azuddhatA ke kAraNa va duHkha rUpa haiN| AcArya kundakundadeva ne 'samayasAra' meM kahA hai NAdUNa AsavANaM asucittaM ca vivarIya bhAvaM c| dukkhassa kAraNaM tiya tado NiyattiM kuNadi jiivo|| 72 / / arthAt- azucipanA viparItatA ye AsravoM kA jAna ke| aru du:kha kAraNa jAnake inase nivartana jIva kre|| ye rAgAdi bhAva rUpa Asrava hI vAstava meM azuci haiN| jJAna-darzana lakSaNa jIva to tatsamaya bhI zuddha hI banA rahatA hai| jaise gande kapar3e meM gandA to maila hai, kapar3A to usa samaya azuddha-gandA dikhatA hai| mAtra dikhatA hI hai, mailA huA nahIM hai| kapar3e kI svacchatA meM vivekiyoM ko maila meM malinatA hI najara AtI hai| kapar3A to tatsamaya bhI svaccha hai| aise hI rAgAdi bhAvoM ke samaya AtmA malina pratIta hotA hai, kintu jJAniyoM ko to usa samaya bhI rAgAdi bhAva hI malina najara Ate haiM AtmA to zuddha hI anubhava meM AtA hai| isalie jinheM jJAnI hone kI bhAvanA hai unheM bhI isI taraha dekhanA, anubhavanA caahie| deha kI azucitA, malinatA to jagat prasiddha hai| sapta dhAtumaya deha ke milana kA kAraNa raja-vIrya rUpa malina padArtha haiN| yaha deha mAMsa, haDDI, khUna Adi malina padArthoM se bharI hai, vyAdhiyoM se ghirI hI rahatI hai| aura to aura, kezara candanAdi pavitra padArtha bhI deha ke sparza mAtra se malina ho jAte haiM tathA yaha deha nirantara maloM ko hI utpanna karane vAlI apavitra saMyogika vastu hai, prIti ke yogya nahIM hai| deha-prIti ke yogya nahIM hai, to dveSa ke yogya bhI nahIM hai, viraktatA kA hI hetu hai| deha ko dUra nahIM karanA hai, deha se mAtra dUrI banAke jInA hai| nirmala apanI AtmA, deha apAvana geh| jAni bhavya nija bhAva ko, yAsauM tajo saneha // paM. jayacandajI chAvar3A, bAraha bhAvanA dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 431 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #441
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 7. Asrava - AnandamayI zAzvata nija caitanya svarUpa kI ruci va ekAgratA se jIva Ananda bhogatA hai| aise svabhAva ko bhUlakara jaba yaha jIva apane se bhinna para tathA malina vibhAva bhAvoM se prIti yA ekatva jor3atA hai, taba jIva ke saMyoga meM karma pudgaloM kA Agamana cAlU ho jAtA hai, yahI karmoM kA Asrava hai tathA bandha kA kAraNa hai / isalie aise para padArtha va parabhAva kabhI bhI apanAne yogya yA hitakArI mAnane yogya nahIM haiN| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ina AsravoM ke do bheda prasiddha haiM- zubhAsrava tathA azubhAsrava / ye donoM hI saMsAra meM dAkhila karAne ke dvAra haiM / mukti mArga ke lie to ye bAdhaka hI haiM / jaise samudra ke bIca jahAja meM chidroM se jala praveza karatA hai, usI prakAra ye 57 bheda yukta Asrava, karmoM ke Ane ke dvAra haiM / 8. saMvara - jaise samudra ke bIca meM hI nAva meM jala Ane kA chidra banda kara deM to nAva meM jala praviSTa na ho pAye, usI prakAra saMsAra samudra ke madhya meM hI sva-svarUpa kI ruci - prIti se baliSTha hokara jIva praviSTa hote hue karmoM ke Asrava ko roka detA hai / karmoM kA Agamana ruka jAnA hI saMvara hai / isakA upAya mAtra svarUpa saundarya kI pasandagI hI hai 1 tattvArthasUtra meM AcArya umAsvAmI ne likhA hai AsravanirodhaH saMvara: 9/1, sagupti-samiti-dharma- anuprekSA - pariSahajaya cAritrai: 9/2 arthAt Asrava kA ruka jAnA hI saMvara hai aura vaha gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, pariSahajaya aura cAritra ke dvArA hotA hai / 9. nirjarA - sva-svarUpa kI ruci, prIti, anubhava se karmoM kA Asrava ruka jAne para arthAt saMvarapUrvaka pUrvabaddha karmoM kA tapa kI zuddhatA ke bala se jhar3ane laga jAnA hI pratisamaya asaMkhyAta guNI vRddhiMgata nirjarA hai / yadyapi karma - nirjarA to udaya pAkara mohI avasthA meM bhI hotI hai, kintu vaha karma - nirjarA jaba ajJAnatA se iSTa-aniSTa buddhi ke kAraNa punaH bandha kI kAraNa ho jAtI rahI hai, to vaha savipAka nirjarA kahalAtI hai| jIva ko lAbha to isI meM hai ki ba~dhe hue karma punaH bandhana ke kAraNa to na baneM, aura svarUpa sthiratA kI Ananda dazA ke kAraNa nirjarita (nikalate) hote jAyeM, aisI avipAka nirjarA se jIva nirbhAra hotA jAtA hai aura isaprakAra mukti mArga kA rAhI hokara mokSa - lakSmI ke varaNa kA pAtra ho jAtA hai / 10. loka - jar3a-cetana padArthoM se bharA huA anAdi-nidhana, akRtrima, nizcala asaMkhyAta - pradezI loka svayaM vyavasthita hai| isakA koI banAne vAlA, saMrakSaNa karane vAlA, badalane vAlA yA vinAza karane vAlA nahIM hai| isa loka meM rahane vAle SaT dravya 432 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #442
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org rUpa jIvAdi padArtha bhI loka kI hI taraha svayaM vyavasthita, apane-apane lakSaNoM meM sadA vidyamAna tathA apanI-apanI yogyatAnusAra pariNamane vAle haiN| eka ke kArya meM anya ko sahAya kahanA yaha vyavahAra - mAtra hai, yathArtha meM to pratyeka dravya apanI-apanI yogyatAnusAra hI pariNamana karate haiN| aise svayaM vyavasthita loka meM yaha jIva mAtra apane ajJAna bhAvoM se hI bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai / anya koI bhramaNa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| aisA jAnakara, apanI bhUla pahacAna kara, apane svarUpa ko jAnakara usakA prItivanta honA caahie| loka na to rata rahane lAyaka hai aura na hI chor3ane lAyaka hai| Akhira jIva kI apasthiti loka meM hI to drava rahegI, aloka meM nahIM / aise loka meM 'maiM isa loka se bhinna jJAnAnanda lakSaNa jIva hU~' vicAra kara Atma tRpta rahanA caahie| 11. bodhidurlabha--bodhi arthAt jJAna, jIva kA anAdi-nidhana nija bhAva jnyaan| yaha jJAna jIva kA sahaja svabhAva hai, sahaja pariNAma hai aura jo sahaja hotA hai, vaha saha+ja arthAt sAtha meM hI rahatA hai, isalie sulabha hI hai, kintu jJAnasvabhAvI jIva AtmajJAna se rahita hone ke kAraNa, ajJAnatA se para ke prati anurakta hotA rahA hai / yadyapi para ko bhI sahI rIti se yathArthatayA jAnatA nahIM hai, to bhI una para (anya) padArthoM ke prati ullAsa yukta rahatA rahane ke kAraNa rAgI -dveSI hotA huA apane svabhAva ko jAnane ke kArya meM pramAdI rhaa| isa kAraNa apanA svabhAva jJAna durlabha rahA hai / sabhI AtmA svayaM jJAna - svabhAvI sahaja hI haiM, kintu jisa jIva ke jJAna meM apanA AtmA jAnane meM A jAtA hai, ve sahaja hI AnandamayI jIvana kA lAbha lete haiM / AtmajJAna ke abhAva meM samasta jinAgama abhyAsa tathA saMyamAdi rUpa bhAva bhI ekar3A ke binA zUnya-jaisA mUlya rahita hI rahatA hai| isalie sarvaprathama jIva ko apane se paricita honA cAhie / 12. dharma iSTasthAne dhatte iti dhrmH| 9/2 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir AcArya pUjyapAda, sarvArthasiddhi arthAt jo jIva ko iSTa sthAna meM dharatA hai, vaha dharma hai| 'jo prANiyoM ko paMcaparAvartana rUpa saMsAra ke duHkhoM se nikAla kara bAdhArahita, uttama, avinAzI sukhoM meM dhara de, pahu~cA de, vaha dharma hai / vaha dharma karmoM kA vinAzaka tathA samIcIna hai ' // 2 // For Private And Personal Use Only paM. sadAsukhadAsajI, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra - bhASATIkA dharma to AtmA kA svabhAva hai, para dravyoM meM Atma buddhi chor3akara apane jJAtA dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 433

Page #443
draSTA rUpa svabhAva kA zraddhAna, anubhava (jJAna) aura jJAyaka svabhAva meM hI pravartana rUpa jo AcaraNa hai, vaha dharma hai| yaha dharma uttama kSamAdi dazalakSaNa rUpa, ratnatrayarUpa tathA ahiMsAdimaya kahA jAtA hai| aise uttama dharma kI zaraNa pAkara jIva jagat se virakta hokara yathAjAta rUpa munipada kA dhArI ho svAdhIna, sthAyI, santuSTidAyaka Atmasukha kA dhanI ho jAtA hai| anya kAmadhenu, kalpavRkSa, cintAmaNi Adi se svAdhInatA ke sthAna para, parAdhInatA kI prApti hotI hai jo sukha kA saccA mArga nahIM hai| isaprakAra ina bAraha bhAvanAoM kA nirantara cintavana jIva ke Asakti bhAva ko naSTa kara virakti ke bhAvoM ko janma detA hai aura AtmalInatA kA sAdhaka hotA hai| solaha kAraNa bhAvanA manuSya ke vyaktitva meM 'bhAva' kA sthAna sarvopari hai| bhAvoM se hI svarga hai, bhAvoM se hI naraka hai, yahA~ taka ki bhAvoM se hI mokSa hai| 'sadabhAvoM se sadagati aura bare bhAvoM se durgati' yaha to jagatprasiddha ukti hai| bhAvoM kI punaH punaH pravRtti hI bhAvanA nAma pAtI hai| solaha bhAvanAe~ jo tIrthaMkara banane meM nimittabhUta haiM, ve bhI bhAvoM kI nirantaratA hI haiN| ___dhyAna dene yogya hai ki tIrthaMkara banane ke lie bhAvoM kI nirmalatA mukhya sAdhana hai| cAroM gatiyoM meM kevala manuSyagati hI aisI hai, jisameM bhAvoM kI aisI utkRSTatA, nirmalatA sambhava hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki kevala manuSya hI tIrthaMkara banane kI sambhAvanAoM se yukta ho sakatA hai| jisa manuSya ko AtmakalyANa kA AnandadAyIpanA itanA madhura lagA ho ki vaha jIvamAtra ko isa AnandadAyI Atmahita ke lie prabala preraka ho, jisase AtmakalyANa ke sAthasAtha vizva kalyANa kA sarvodayI vAtsalya jAgrata ho| inhIM pavitra samyagdarzana sahita bhAvanAoM meM tIrthaMkara karma prakRti kA Asrava-bandha hotA hai| ve solaha kAraNa bhAvanAe~ nimna haiM1. darzanavizuddhi, 2. vinayasampannatA, 3. zIlavrateSvanaticAra, 4. abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga, 5. saMvega, 6. zaktitastyAga, 7. zaktitastapa, 8. sAdhusamAdhi, 9. vaiyAvRtyakaraNa 10.arhad bhakti , 11. AcArya bhakti, 12. bahuzruta bhakti, 13. pravacana bhakti, 14. AvazyakAparihANi 15. mArgaprabhAvanA aura, 16. pravacana vAtsalya bhaavnaa| 1. darzanavizuddhi-tIrthaMkaratva nAmakarma kI kAraNabhUta solahakAraNa bhAvanAoM meM sarvaprathama va sarvapradhAna bhAvanA darzanavizuddhi hai, isake binA zeSa 15 bhAvanAe~ nirarthaka haiM; kyoMki darzanavizuddhi hI AtmasvarUpa saMvedana ke prati ekamAtra kAraNa hai| samyagdarzana kA atyanta nirmala va dRr3ha ho jAnA hI darzanavizuddhi hai| 434 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #444
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 44 'prazna - kevala usa eka darzanavizuddhatA se hI tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA bandha kaise sambhava hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane se saba samyagdRSTiyoM ke tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke bandha kA prasaMga AegA ? uttara - isa zaMkA ke uttara meM kahate haiM ki zuddhanaya ke abhiprAya se tIna mUr3hatAoM aura ATha maloM se rahita hone para hI darzanavizuddhatA nahIM hotI, kintu pUrvokta guNoM se apane nija svarUpa ko prApta kara sthita, samyagdarzana ke sAdhuoM ko prAsuka aparityAga, sAdhuoM kI samAdhi saMdhAraNA, sAdhuoM kI vaiyAvRtti kA saMyoga, arhanta bhakti, bahuzrutabhakti, pravacana bhakti, pravacana vatsalatA, pravacanaprabhAvanA aura abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga yuktatA meM pravartane kA nAma vizuddhatA hai| usa eka darzanavizuddhatA se hI tIrthaMkara karma ko bA~dhate haiN| arhanta ke dvArA upadiSTa anuSThAna ke anukUla pravRtti karane yA ukta anuSThAna ke sparza ko arhanta bhakti kahate haiM aura yaha darzanavizuddhatA AdikoM ke binA sambhava nahIM hai / " 8/3, 41 /80/1 dhavalA, AcArya vIrasena svAmI AcArya akalaMkadeva ne 'tattvArtharAjavArtika' grantha meM to 'jinopadiSTa nirgrantha mokSamArga meM ruci ko darzanavizuddhi kahA hai| usake ATha aMga haiM - ihaloka, paraloka, vyAdhi, maraNa, agupti, arakSaNa aura Akasmika - sAtabhayoM se mukta athavA jinopadiSTa tattvoM meM zaMkA rahitatA rUpa niHzaMkita, viSayopabhoga-AkAMkSA rahita ni:kAMkSita, azubhabhAvanAbaddha cittavicikitsA rahita nirvicikitsA, atattva meM tattva buddhirahita yuktiyukta amUDhadRSTi, dharmabhAvanA se AtmA kI dharmavRddhi karanA - upavRMhaNa, kaSAyodaya Adi se dharmabhraSTatA ke avasara Ane para bhI dharmadRr3ha rahanA-sthitikaraNa, jinapraNIta dharmAmRta tathA dharmAtmAoM se nitya anurAga rUpa vAtsalya tathA ratnatraya ke prabhAva se AtmA ko prakAzamAna karanA - prabhAvanA / ina ATha aMga sahitatA hI darzanavizuddhatA hai', - aisA kahA hai / 2. vinaya - sampannatA bhAvanA - darzanavizuddhi bhAvanA ke bAda krama AtA hai vinayasampannatA bhAvanA kA / vinaya namratA ko kahate haiM evaM namratA yukta jIva vinaya - sampanna hai aura usake bhAva ko vinaya-sampannatA kahate haiM / ratnatraya tathA ratnatrayadhAriyoM kA yathocita upakAra karanA, unakA satkAra karanA, sevA-zuzrUSA karanA Adi zAstrAnukUla karma meM pravRtti karanA vinaya hai / isIprakAra ke karmoM se isakI utpatti hotI hai / kaSAya aura indriyoM ko binA AtmA zuddha nahIM hotA, usameM vinaya nahIM aatii| ataH vinayotpatti meM kaSAya va indriyajaya bhI Avazyaka hai| vinaya mana kI ujjvalatA kA kAraNa hai, zuddhi kA mukhya sAdhaka hai| ataH rAga-dveSAdi ke dvArA jisa prakAra AtmA kA ghAta na hove, usa prakAra pravRtti karanA yahI vinaya - sampannatA kA marma samajhanA caahie| 'vinayatIti vinayaH' isa nirukti ke anusAra vinaya zabda ke do artha hote haiM - prathama" vinayati apanayati iti vinayaH" arthAt jo dUra karatA hai, use vinaya kahate haiM, isa prakAra aprazasta (bure karmoM ko dUra karatA hai use vinaya kahate haiN| dvitIya hai-'" vizeSeNa nayati iti vinayaH " arthAt jo vizeSa rUpa se prApta karAtA hai, use vinaya kahate haiM, isa prakAra "" dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 435 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #445
jo svarga-mokSAdi viziSTa abhyudayoM ko prApta karAtA hai use vinaya kahate haiN| vinaya mada-nAzaka hotA hai, zikSA kA sAra hotA hai, sajjanoM ke lie spRhaNIya, samAdhi Adi guNa-dAyaka hotA hai, maMgalaphaladAyaka hotA hai tathA jinaliMgadhAraNa meM sAdhaka hotA hai| jisa prakAra loTA apane sira ko nIcA karake hI jalagrahaNa karatA hai, yadi vaha apane ko na jhukAve to jala prApta nahIM kara sakatA, usI prakAra manuSya jitanA vinamra banatA hai, rAga-dveSa Adi kaSAyoM ko dUra karatA hai aura indriyoM ko apane vaza meM karake sadguNoM kI upAsanA karatA hai, utanA hI vaha una sabhI guNoM ko prApta karane lagatA hai| vinayahIna kI to zikSA hI niSphala athavA aniSTakArI hotI hai, taba usake lie jinaliMgadhAraNa karanA to Atma-viDambanA mAtra hai| isa prakAra vinaya-sampannatA kI mahattA spaSTa dRSTigocara hotI zAstroM meM vinaya ke cAra bheda ullikhita haiM-darzana vinaya, jJAnavinaya, cAritra vinaya tathA upacAra viny| AcAra granthoM meM tapavinaya nAmaka paMcama bheda bhI prApta hotA hai| samyagdarzana meM zaMkAdi doSoM ko dUra karane va upagUhanAdi guNoM ko utpanna karane meM jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha darzana-vinaya kahalAtA hai| arhanta-siddhAdi kI bhakti-vaMdana-stuti Adi karanA, dharma ke yaza kA pracAra karanA, avarNavAda kA nAza, AsAdana kA parihAra Adi darzana-vinaya ke hI antargata Ate haiN| samyagdarzanAdi ko nirmala banAne meM jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha to vinaya hai tathA nirmala bane hue unameM jo vRddhi Adi kA prayatna hai, vaha AcAra kahalAtA hai| bahuta Adara ke sAtha mokSa ke lie jJAna kA grahaNa karanA usakA abhyAsa karanA, smaraNa karanA Adi jJAna-vinaya hai| yaha jJAna-vinaya asamayoM se itara kAla meM granthAdi par3hane rUpa kAlAcAra, zAstra-zAstrajJa va unake guNa-prema va guNa-grahaNa kI bhAvanA rUpa vinayAcAra, grantha par3hane Adi meM kAlAvadhi ke saMkalpa rUpa upadhAnAcAra, zAstra-paThana meM Adara karane rUpa bahumAnAcAra, guru kA nAma na chipAne rUpa anihnavAcAra, zabdoM ke zuddha uccAraNarUpa zabdAcAra, zuddha artha avadhAraNarUpa arthAcAra aura zuddha zabda va zuddha-artha ke kathanarUpa ubhayAcAra ke bheda se ATha prakAra kA hai| pazcAt cAritra-vinaya kA svarUpa prastuta karate haiM ki cAritra arthAt AcaraNa ko nirmala yA nirdoSa banAne kA prayatna karanA, yahI cAritra-vinaya hai| kaSAyoM kA upazama yA kSaya, indriya-viSayoM se rAga-dveSa tyAga, yatnapUrvaka samiti pAlana, vratoM ke uddhAra Adi se svarga-- mokSa ke kAraNabhUta cAritra kI vinaya hotI hai, aisA cAritra vinaya kA svarUpa hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna va samyak cAritravanta jIvoM kI vinaya karanA, vaha upacAra vinaya kahalAtA hai| isake antargata AcArya Adi ke samakSa Ane para khar3e ho jAnA, namaskArAdi karanA, mana-vacana-kAya se unakI vinaya karanA Adi AtA hai| upacAra vinaya ke pratyakSa va parokSa do bheda haiM, jinake kAyika-vAcika-mAnasika ke bheda se pratyeka ke tInatIna bheda haiN| 436 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #446
antima tapa-vinaya meM Avazyaka karmoM ko karanA, parISahoM ko jItanA, AtApanAdi guNoM meM utsAhita honA, anazanAdi tapoM ko karanA, tapovRddhoM kI sevA karanA Adi yathocita satkAra karanA Adi zAmila hai| jJAna-lAbha, paMcAcAra-nirmalatA, ArAdhanAdi aneka guNa-siddhi karanA hI isa vinayasampannatA bhAvanA kA mUla prayojana hai| 3. zIlavateSu anaticAra bhAvanA-tIsarI bhAvanA hai-zIlavratoM meM anticaar| sarvaprathama zIla kyA hai? to zIla zabda ke aneka artha ho sakate haiM, jaise-satsvabhAva, brahmacarya, digvratAdi sAta vrata aadi| satsvabhAva kA artha hai krodhAdi ke vaza meM na honA, aura yahI svabhAva ahiMsAdi vrata rakSA meM pradhAna hai, isa prakAra ahiMsAdi vratoM kI rakSA ke kAraNoM ko zIla kahA jAtA hai| isa kAraNa se krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA tyAga, brahmacarya vrata pAlana tIna guNavratoM va cAra zikSAvratoM kA pAlana, ise zIla kahA jAtA hai| aba vrata kyA hai jisakI rakSA karanA unake pAlanakartA ko iSTa hai? to zubhakAryoM meM pravRtti karanA tathA azubha kAryoM ko chor3a denA, yaha vrata hai| yaha vrata do prakAra se varNita hai-ahiMsAdi zubha bhAvoM meM pravRtti rUpa tathA hiMsA, asatyAdi azubha kAryoM se nivRtti ruup| pA~ca pApoM se nivRttipUrvaka vratoM kA pAlana hotA hai| jo pramAda ke vaza se hone vAlI jIva kI hatyA yA use pIr3A pahu~cAnA Adi hiMsA ke tyAga se ahiMsA vrata hotA hai| yadi DaoNkTara ke dvArA sAvadhAnI se ilAja karate hue bhI auSadhi yA yantra ke prayoga se rogI ke prANa nikala jAe~, to vaha doSI nahIM, kintu yadi jIva ko mAre binA bhI use kaSTa dene kA azubha saMkalpa kiyA, taba hiMsA kA doSa lagegA, kyoMki prathama sthiti meM pramAda nahIM hai, kintu dvitIya meM hai| yahIM hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA vaiziSTya hai| hiMsA ke cAra bheda kie- saMkalpI, ArambhI, udyogI va virodhii| inameM se munijana to sarvathA hiMsA ke tyAgI hote haiM, kintu gRha-kAryoM meM hone vAlI ArambhI hiMsA, AjIvikA meM hone vAlI udyogI hiMsA va AzritoM kI tathA sva-rakSA meM hone vAlI virodhI hiMsA kA tyAga gRhastha ke jIvana-nirvAha ke anukUla na hone se vaha mAtra saMkalpI hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai| isaprakAra ahiMsA vrata kA pAlana muni va gRhastha donoM ke jIvana meM hotA hai| rAgAdibhAvoM se yA kaSAyapUrvaka aprazasta yA azubha vacana bolane rUpa asatya kA tyAga satya vrata hai| hiMsA ke samAna hI asatya meM bhI pramAda ke kAraNa doSa lagatA hai| munijana to satsvabhAva ke jJAtA, sarvathA asatya ke tyAgI hote haiM tathA gRhastha asatya kA AMzika tyAga kara satyANuvrata kA pAlana karatA hai| isIprakAra munirAja to kRta-kArita-anumodanA va mana-vacana-kAya se corI, kuzIla va parigraha ke sarvathA tyAgI hote haiM va gRhastha apanI bhUmikAnusAra inakA tyAga kara aNuvratoM ke pAlana meM tatpara hotA hai| ahiMsAdi pA~ca vratoM meM aneka aticAra lagate haiM, jaise ahiMsAvrata meM bandhana, vadhAdi dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 437 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #447
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir karanA, satyavrata meM mithyopadeza, rahobhyAkhyAnAdi karanA, acauryavrata meM stenaprayoga batAnA, corI kA mAla lenA Adi, brahmacarya vrata meM dUsaroM kA vivAha karAnA Adi tathA parigrahaparimANa vrata meM dhana-dhAnyAdi kI sImA ko ghaTAnA yA bar3hAnA Adi aticAra lagate haiN| ina aticAroM se rahita vratoM kA pAlana hI zIlavrateSvanaticAra bhAvanA hai| vratoM kI rakSA ke kAraNabhUta zIlavrata bhI gRhastha va munijIvana meM kahe gaye - jo gRhasthoM ke lie digvatAdi sAta ka tathA muniyoM ke mahAvratoM kI rakSA ke lie 18000 zIla khe| jisa prakAra malayukta bIja bone se unake koI phala nahIM lagatA, usI prakAra aticAra sahita vratapAlana phaladAyI nahIM hai, ataH niraticAra pAlana kI preraNA dI gii| - vastutaH to muni jIvana va gRhastha jIvana meM rAgAdi ke ghaTa jAne se svayaM hI aisI pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai ki ve pApoM se virata kramazaH zuddha tathA zubha bhAvoM meM lIna rahate haiM, isI pravRtti ko vratAdi saMjJA de dI jAtI hai| kadAcit rAgAdi ke kAraNa ina vratoM meM doSa lagate haiM, unheM aticAra kahA jAtA hai, una aticAroM se rahita hokara nirdoSa vrata - zIlapAlana ko hI zIlavrateSvanaticAra bhAvanA nAma diyA jAtA hai / 4. abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga bhAvanA - AtmA to jJAna svabhAvI hI hai, usakA jo bhI kArya, avasthA, pariNamana hotA hai, vaha sabhI jJAna rUpa hI hotA hai| jJAna se hI AtmA kI unnati, utthAna hotA hai| AtmA ke aise viziSTa svabhAva kI prApti kI icchA karate hue jJAna-prApti ke lie satata prayatnazIla rahanA, vahIM apane mana ko lagAnA, bAhya sAmagrI, viSaya-bhogoM meM mana ko na jAne denA va jJAnAbhyAsa meM hI rata rahanA, vaha abhIkSNa- jJAnopayoga bhAvanA hai| abhIkSNa kA zAbdika artha hI satata, nirantara, lagAtAra yA anavarata hotA hai / yahA~ jJAnAbhyAsa ko eka kSaNa ko bhI nahIM chor3ane kA upadeza isa bhAvanA meM diyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra andhA manuSya kisI padArtha ko nahIM dekha sakatA, usI prakAra jJAna - rahita vyakti kartavya - akartavya ko, sat-asat ko, heya - upAdeya ko na to dekha sakatA hai aura na hI koI nirNaya kara sakatA hai / ataH jJAnAbhyAsa honA / karanA ati Avazyaka hai| jJAna kI mahimA to sabhI sthAnoM para vizada rUpa se gAI gayI hai / jahA~ chahaDhAlAkAra paNDita daulatarAma jI kI ye paMktiyA~ ki "jJAna samAna na Ana jagata meM sukha kau kAraNa, iha paramAmRta janma-jarA-mRtu roga nivAraNa" jJAna kI mahattA batAtI hai, to yaha kahAvata ki "jJAnena hInAH pazubhiH samAnA: " yaha bhI jJAna ko sarvotkRSTa pratipAdita karatI hai I jinazAsana meM pA~ca jJAnoM kA varNana AtA hai - matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna tathA kevalajJAna / inameM se prathama do jJAna parokSa jJAna haiM, indriyoM aura mana ke dvArA utpanna hone se parAdhIna jJAna haiN| ye donoM jJAna sabhI jIvoM ke hote haiN| guNasthAnoM ke kramAnusAra dekhane para ye donoM jJAna yadi samyak hoM to caturtha avirata samyaktva guNasthAna se bArahaveM kSINakaSAya guNasthAna paryanta hote haiN| yadi mithyA hoM to pahale se tIsare guNasthAna taka hote haiM / avadhi 438 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #448
Adi tIna jJAna sIdhe AtmA se hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa haiM tathA avadhijJAna mithyA va samyak donoM ho sakatA hai| manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna samyak hI hote haiN| eka AtmA meM kamase-kama eka kevalajJAna aura adhika se adhika cAra- mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryayajJAna taka eka sAtha ho sakate haiN| vastuta: jJAna caitanya kI pariNati hone se ina pA~coM bhedoM ko mAtra vyavahAra kahA jAtA hai, upacAra kahA jAtA hai| anAdi se kAma-krodhAdi mujha jIva ke sAtha lage hue haiM, aba aisI bhAvanA ki jinendra bhagavAna kI vANI ke abhyAsa se rAgAdika kA abhAva ho, nija jJAyaka bhagavAna AtmA meM hI apanA upayoga Thahara jAe, yahI AtmA kA hita, yahI abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga bhAvanA hai| jJAnAbhyAsa karane se saMsAra-deha-bhoga se vairAgya utpatti, viSayavAMchA va kaSAya kA nAza, mana kI sthiratA, vratoM kI dRr3hatA, jinazAsana prabhAvanA Adi anekAneka kArya hote haiN| ata: manuSya janma kI eka bhI ghar3I samyagjJAna ke binA mata khovo, jJAna hI sarva jIva ko paramazaraNa hai| __5. saMvega bhAvanA-saMsAra-deha-bhogoM se virakta hokara dharma aura dharma ke phala meM anurAga karanA, vaha saMvega bhAvanA hai| duHkhoM ke samudra rUpa saMsAra meM zArIrika, mAnasika, iSTaviyogaja, aniSTasaMyogaja Adi aneka prakAra ke duHkha bhare hue haiM, ina duHkhoM se nitya Darate rahanA saMvega kahalAtA hai aura yahI mukti kA paramparA sAdhana hai| saMsAra to duHkhoM kA hI ghara hai| jisa putra se yaha jIva rAga karatA hai, vahI putra apane kArya sadhane taka to pitA kA Adara karatA hai, kintu yadi asamartha ho jAe to usI pitA kA, jo usake rAga meM aneka kaSTa sahakara bhI usakA pAlana-poSaNa karatA hai, usakA anAdara karane lagatA hai| strI hai, so vaha bhI mamatA-tRSNA bar3hAne vAlI, dharma kA nAza karane vAlI, dhyAnasvAdhyAya meM vighna karAne vAlI, krodhAdi kaSAyoM meM tIvratA karAne vAlI hai aura kalaha kA mUla, durdhyAna kA sthAna va maraNa ko bigAr3ane vAlI hai| mitrAdika bhI viSayoM meM ulajhAne vAle svArtha ke sage haiM, bure samaya meM sAtha denA to dUra, sAmane bhI nahIM aate| ___ indriyoM ke viSaya-bhoga sAkSAt viSa hI haiN| ye AtmA ke svarUpa ko bhulAne vAle haiM, kugati ke kAraNa haiN| viSaya to agni ke samAna dAha karAne vAle haiM, na hoM to prApti kI icchA, ho jAe~ to bhogane kI icchA, adhika ho jAe~ to samhAlane kI ciMtA, isa prakAra ye sadaiva hI jIva ko saMtapta karane vAle haiN| __ yaha zarIra rogoM kA sthAna, azucitA kA puMja hai, pratikSaNa jIrNa hotA jAtA hai, karor3oM upAya, mantra-tantrAdi karane para bhI, vibhinna prakAra se rakSA kiye jAne para bhI maraNa ko prApta hotA hI hai| isa prakAra isa saMsAra kA, saMsAra ke duHkhoM kA svarUpa jAnanA, unase nitya Darate rahanA va dharma kA svarUpa jAnakara usameM anurAga karanA, vahI saMvega bhAvanA hai| vastu kA jo svabhAva hai, vaha dharma hai / ratnatrayarUpa, dazalakSaNarUpa tathA jIvadayA rUpa bhAva dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 439 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #449
vaha dharma kahA gayA hai, so yaha dharma atyanta miSTa phala vAlA kahA hai| tIrthaMkara padavI, nArAyaNa, cakravartI Adi sabhI pada dharma ke phala se hI milate haiN| sAMsArika anukUlatAjaise pracura sampadA kI prApti, loka meM mAnyatA, buddhi kI ujjvalatA, nirogatA, dIrghAyu Adi saba dharma dhAraNa karane ke phala meM hI milate haiN| kalpavRkSa ho yA cintAmaNi ratna sabhI dharmAtmA ke caraNoM kI dhUli hote haiN| aise dharma ko trailokya meM utkRSTa jAnanA, yahI saMvega bhAvanA hai| 6. zaktitastyAga bhAvanA-yaha SaSTha bhAvanA hai, jisake antargata tyAga karane kI preraNA dI gaI hai| apanI zakti ke anusAra padArthoM ko chor3anA, denA hI tyAga kahalAtA hai| bAhya aura abhyantara donoM prakAra ke parigraha se mamatA ke chor3ane se tyAga dharma hotA hai| prathama to antaraMga parigraha kA tyAga hotA hai, pazcAt bAhya parigraha ko dhIre-dhIre sImita karate hue tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| mithyAtva, kaSAyeM va nokaSAyeM, ye sabhI antaraMga parigraha haiN| zarIrAdi paradravyoM meM Atmabuddhi karanA mithyAtva hai, sarvaprathama isI kA tyAga karanA, kyoMki isa mithyAtva ke samAna isa loka meM isa jIva kA anya koI zatru nahIM hai| antaraMga parigraha ke tyAga ke pazcAt dhana-dhAnyAdi kA tyAga hotA hai| donoM prakAra ke parigraha ke ekadeza tyAga se zrAvakadazA tathA sakala tyAga se munidazA hotI hai| parigraha ke tyAga ke sAtha-sAtha viSaya-kaSAyoM kA bhI tyAga hotA hai| pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM ko, unameM lolupatA ko jItane se tyAga dharma hotA hai tathA uttama, madhyama va jaghanya- aise tIna prakAra ke pAtroM ko bhaktiyukta hokara AhAra-auSadhi Adi kA dAna denA bhI samasta tyAga dharma ke antargata AtA hai| tyAga ke binA gRhastha kA gRha zmazAna ke samAna hai tathA gRhasthI kA svAmI puruSa mRtaka ke samAna hai aura strI-putrAdi giddhapakSI ke samAna isake dhanarUpI mA~sa ko noMca-noMcakara khAne vAle haiM, ataH apanI zakti anusAra tyAga karane kI preraNA isa bhAvanA meM dI gaI hai| ___7. zaktitastapa bhAvanA-karmoM ke nAza karane ke lie athavA icchA kA nirodha karane ke lie athavA mana aura indriyoM ko vaza meM rakhane ke lie jo tapA jAtA hai, use tapa kahA jAtA hai aura apanI zakti ke anusAra tapa karane ko zaktitastapa bhAvanA kahA jAtA hai| ___yaha zarIra to anitya-asthira hai, kRtaghna ke samAna hai, ataH ise puSTa karanA yogya nahIM, kintu kRza karane yogya hai, tabhI yaha guNaratnoM ke saMcaya kA kAraNa banatA hai| ataH ise sevaka ke samAna hI bhojanAdi dekara kAyaklezAdi tapa karanA yogya hai, zreSTha hai| tapa ko anekAneka zAstroM meM karmaparvata ko bhedane vAle vajra kI upAdhi dI gaI hai| tapa rUpI subhaTa kI sahAyatA ke binA ye kAma-krodhAdi luTere apanI zraddhA-jJAnAdi dhana ko lUTa lete haiM, ataH tapa ko dhAraNa avazya karanA caahie| sabase pradhAna tapa to digambarapanA hai, jo ghara-kuTumbAdi kI mamatA se rahita, pariSahoM 440 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #450
ko jItane kI bhAvanA sahita, vastrAdi kA tyAga kara, indriya-viSayoM meM pravartana kA tyAga kara nija svabhAva kI ora unmukha hue jIva kI dazA hai| isa atizaya tapa meM to AhArAdi ke lAbha-alAbha meM samatA rakhanA, sarasa-nIrasa bhojana meM lAlasArahita santoSarUpa amRta kA pAna karate hue Ananda meM tiSThanA hotA hai| jinamArga meM antaraMga aura bahiraMga ke bheda se do prakAra ke tapa kA svarUpa kahA gayA hai| bAhya tapa AtmotthAna meM, AtmA kI caMcala citta-vRttiyoM ko rokane meM aura dhyAna kI ora agrasara karane meM arthAt antaraMga tapa meM nimitta ho, tabhI usa bAhya tapa kI sArthakatA hai| bAhya tapoM meM anazana, avamaudarya Adi Ate haiM, jo zreSThatA ke krama se bar3hate hue antaraMga tapoM meM prAyazcita Adi se hote hue sarvotkRSTa dhyAna tapa taka Ate haiN| isa dhyAna rUpa tapa ke dvArA hI ghAtikarmoM kA nAza hokara kevalajJAna kI prApti pUrvaka jIva mukta hotA hai, ataH apanI zakti ko na chipAte hue tapa karanA, yaha zaktitastapa nAmaka sAtavIM bhAvanA hai| 8. sAdhu-samAdhi bhAvanA-vrata-zIlAdi aneka guNayukta, sva aura para ke AtmotthAna kA kArya siddha karane vAle vratI-saMyamI sAdhujanoM para kisI kAraNa se Ane vAle vighna ko dUra kara unake vrata-zIla kI rakSA karanA so sAdhu samAdhi bhAvanA hai| jisa prakAra bhaNDAra meM lagI agni ko gRhastha apanI upakAraka yA upayogI vastue~ andara rakhI jAnakara use bujhAne kA prayatna karatA hai, usI prakAra samyagdarzanAdi ratna sAdhu meM vidyamAna rahate haiM, aise sAdhu kI rakSA karanA yogya hI hai| gRhastha ko yA sAdhu ko bhI upasarga, maraNAdi A jAne para bhaya ko prApta nahIM honA, vaha sAdhu samAdhi hai| upasarga sthUlarUpa se cAra prakAra ke mAne gaye haiM-manuSyakRta, devakRta, tiryaMcakRta aura acetanakRta / svAbhAvika avasthA ko badala denA upasarga kahalAtA hai, cAhe ThaMDa ke mausama meM muni ke pAsa agni jalAnA ho yA sone ke lie ghAsa Adi bichAnA, sabhI upasarga kI koTi meM hI AtA hai| upasarga ke samaya meM bhI yaha cintana karanA ki maiM to akhaNDa jJAnasvabhAvI vastu hU~, merA janma-maraNa nahIM hotA hai| jo utpanna huA hai so avazya hI vinshegaa| vaha jJAnI jIva to maraNa ko mitravat mAnatA hai| vaha mRtyu se DaratA nahIM, apitu aisA mAnatA hai ki vratatapa-saMyama kA uttama phala mRtyu nAmaka mitra ke upakAra binA kaise milatA? vaha deha se apanA svarUpa bhinna jAnakara bhaya ko prApta nahIM hotaa| aise jJAnI jIvoM ke hI sAdhu-samAdhi nAmaka bhAvanA hotI hai| asAtA ke prabala udaya ko TAlane meM koI samartha nahIM hai, aise meM una paristhitiyoM meM rAga-dveSa karanA vyartha hai tathA bhava-bhava meM aneka bAra yaha jIva samavasaraNa meM gayA, strIpuruSa huA, RddhidhArI deva huA, puNya kA phala bhI bhogA, kintu rahA isI saMsAra meM / saMsAra se pAra utArane meM to dhairya dhAraNa karane para hone vAlI sAdhu-samAdhi bhAvanA hI hai| 9. vaiyAvRtya bhAvanA-vyapanoda, vyAvRtti aura vaiyAvRtti ekArthavAcI zabda haiM jinakA dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 441 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #451
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org artha hotA hai - haTAnA / arthAt duHkhoM ko dUra karanA / pUrva meM sAdhu-samAdhi bhAvanA meM sAdhu kA jo svarUpa varNita hai, aise sAdhuoM kI vaiyAvRtti karanA caahie| anya zabdoM meM kaheM to kor3ha, jvara, zvAsAdi kI koI bImArI yA bAdhA Adi A jAne para kisI sAdhu kI zrAvaka dvArA athavA sAthI sAdhu dvArA tathA zrAvaka kI anya zrAvaka dvArA nirdoSa AhAra - auSadhi Adi dekara unakI sevA - suzrUSA karanA, vinaya-Adara karanA, unakA duHkha dUra karane kA prayatna karanA, so vaiyAvRtya kahalAtA hai tathA jo AcAryAdi guru-ziSya ko zruta ke aMga par3hAte haiM, vratAdi kI zuddhi kA upadeza dete haiM, vaha ziSya kA vaiyAvRtya hai, isI prakAra ziSya kA guru kI AjJA meM pravartate hue unakI sevA karanA vaha guru ke prati vaiyAvRtya hai / vAstava meM, apane caitanyasvarUpa AtmA ko rAga-dveSAdi doSoM meM lipta nahIM hone denA, yaha apane AtmA kA vaiyAvRtya hai / apane AtmA ko bhagavAna ke dvArA kathita paramAgama meM lagA denA, dazalakSaNa rUpa dharma meM lIna honA hI asalI vaiyAvRtya hai| bhIla- mlecchAdi dvArA kiye gae upadrava se munirAja kA jo pariNAma vicalita huA, use siddhAnta kA AdhAra lekara sthitikaraNa karanA, yahI vaiyAvRtya bhAvanA hai jo ki ratnatraya kI rakSA kA kAraNa hone se jagat meM ati uttama kahI gaI hai| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 10. arhadbhakti bhAvanA - pUjArthaka arha dhAtu se arhat zabda banA hai, jisake anusAra jo cAra ghAtiyA karmoM ke sarvathA nAza kara dene ke kAraNa pUjanIya haiM, ve arhanta hai, aisA artha prApta hotA hai| terahaveM tathA caudahaveM guNasthAna meM rahane vAle va dvAdazAMga vANI ke pravartaka arhanta bhagavAna, unake guNoM meM anurAga karanA so arhadbhakti bhAvanA hai| arhanta bhagavAn rAga- - dveSa - mohAdi ke nAza se vItarAga, jJAna kA samasta AvaraNa dUra ho jAne para lokAloka ko jAnane vAle hone se sarvajJa tathA yathArtha vaktA hone ke kAraNa hitopadezI haiN| hitopadeza ke kartApana ke kAraNa hI arhanta bhagavAn ko siddhoM se bhI pUrva smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| jinAgama meM arhanta bhagavAn ke 46 guNa kahe gaye haiM, jinameM ananta catuSTaya rUpa cAra guNa hI AtmAzrita haiM, zeSa bayAlIsa zarIrAzrita tathA vizeSakara tIrthaMkara arhantoM ke kahe gae haiM / arhanta bhagavAn yA Apta 18 doSoM se rahita hote hai / AcArya samantabhadra 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' grantha meM likhate haiM -- kSutpipAsAjarAtaMka janmAntakabhayasmayAH / na rAgadveSamohAzca yasyAptaH sa prakIrtyate // 442 :: jainadharma paricaya arhanta bhagavAn paMca kalyANadhArI, sAmAnyakevalI Adi sAta prakAra ke kahe gae haiM, vastutaH rAgAdika vaibhAvika pariNatiyoM ke nAza rUpa svabhAva kI prakaTatA to sabhI meM samAna hI hai, mAtra kiMcit bheda hai / aisA rUpa samajhakara arhanta bhakti meM citta lagAnA cAhie, kyoMki yaha saMsArasamudra se tArane vAlI hai| yathArtha arhanta bhakti to arhanta bhagavAn ke samAna nija svarUpa ko dekhakara svayaM arhanta bana jAnA hI hai tathA arhanta bhakti va samyagdarzana meM For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #452
mAtra nAmabheda hai, arthabheda nahIM hai| yadi mAtra bAhya-bhakti-pUjA meM lage rahe va zuddhopayoga rUpa prayojana siddha nahIM huA to vaha tuSa kUTane ke samAna niSphala hI hai| ataH yathArtha prayojana pUrvaka sva ko pavitra karane vAlI arhanta bhakti bhAvanA kahI gayI hai| 11. AcAryabhakti bhAvanA-darzana, jJAna, cAritra, vIrya aura tapa ina pA~ca utkRSTa AcAroM kA svayaM AcaraNa karane vAle tathA saMghastha anya sAdhuoM ko AcaraNa karavAne vAle AcArya kahalAte haiN| anazanAdi 12 tapoM meM udyata, dazalakSaNa dharma rUpa pariNati yukta, trayagupti sahita, nirgrantha mArga meM gamana karane meM tatpara AcArya yogya jAnakara ziSya ko dIkSA Adi dete haiM, prAyazcita vidhi se unake doSoM ko dUra karate haiM, dharma ke lobhI bhavya jIvoM ko hita kA upadezAdi dete haiM / aise AcArya ke rUpa ko jAnakara unake guNoM meM anurAga karanA, so saMsAra paribhramaNa kI nAzaka AcAryabhakti hai| ____ AcArya ke 36 guNa kahe gae kintu ve to sabhI sAdhuoM meM pAye jAte haiM to AcArya kA vaiziSTya kyA hai? so kahate haiM ki jo munisaMgha ke zAsaka, dharma ke nAyaka, loka vyavahAra va paramArtha ke jJAtA, buddhi va tapa kI prabalatA ke dhAraka, ugra tapa karane meM sakSama, vairAgyotpAdaka atizaya vacana yukta hote haiM, ve AcArya haiN| gaNadhara, jo dvAdazAMga rUpa jinavANI kA gaThana karate haiM, ve bhI AcArya hI hote haiN| __saMgha meM rAjA ke samAna vyavasthA Adi karane hetu AcArya ke 8 guNa ginAe gaye haiM arthAt AcArya svayaM AcaraNa karane va anya ziSyoM ko AcaraNa karavAne se AcAravAn haiN| svayaM va ziSya ko vicalita na hone dene se va AdhArabhUta hone se AdhAravAn haiM, prAyazcita Adi sUtra ke jJAtA hone se vyavahAravAn, Apatti Ane para saMgha kI sevA karane se prakartA aura muni ke vicalita hone para ratnatraya kI rakSA karAne va dharma meM sthita karAne ke kAraNa ApAyopAyavidarzI haiN| muni ko apane doSoM kI ThIka AlocanA na karane para samajhAne ke kAraNa avapIr3aka, eka muni ke doSa anya muni se na kahane ke kAraNa aparizrAvI tathA ziSya ko vighnAdi se bacAkara saMsAra se pAra lagAne vAle hone se niryApaka aise AcArya hote haiM, unakI bhakti karanA, vaha AcArya bhakti bhAvanA hai| 12. bahuzrutabhakti bhAvanA-bArahavIM bhAvanA bahuzrutabhakti nAmaka bhAvanA hai jisameM sabhI upAdhyAyoM kI bhakti karane kA varNana prApta hotA hai| jo aMga-pUrvAdi rUpa dvAdazAMga jinavANI ke jJAtA haiM, cAroM anuyogoM ke pAragAmI haiM, jo nirantara svayaM paramAgama ko par3hate haiM tathA anya sabhI se adhika jJAnI haiM, aise upAdhyAya bahuzruta kahalAte haiN| saMghastha muniyoM ko par3hAne ke kAraNa ve hI pAThaka kahalAte haiN| syAdvAdarUpa parama vidyA ke dhAraka, aise bahuzrutI unakI bhakti karanA, vahI bahuzrutabhakti bhAvanA hai| "upetyAdhIyate yasmAt saH upAdhyAyaH" isa nirukti ke anusAra jisake pAsa baiThakara par3hA jAe, ve guru hI upAdhyAya kahalAte haiN| ve AcArAMga Adi 11 aMga tathA utpAdAdi dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 443 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #453
14 pUrva ke jJAtA hone se 25 guNadhAraka haiN| yadyapi ye guNa anya AcArya va sAdhuoM meM ho sakate haiM, kintu upAdhyAya pada mAtra par3hAne se hI prApta hotA hai| __yaha dvAdazAMga rUpa sUtrAdi kA jJAna hai, vaha tapa ke prabhAva se upajatA hai, ata: upAdhyAya buddhipramANa ziSyoM ko par3hAte haiM tathA zruta kA athavA jJAna kA sadA hI dAna karate haiM, una guruoM kI bhakti karanA sadA yogya hI hai tathA zAstra kI bhakti, vaha bhI bahuzrutabhakti kahI gaI hai, zAstroM ko par3hanA-par3hAnA, apane dhana ko zAstroM ke mudraNAdi meM lagAnA, yaha bhI isI ke antargata AtA hai| isa prakAra dvAdazAMga rUpa jinavANI tathA usake dhAraka, aise bahuzrutI, unakI mana-vacana-kAya se stuti-bhakti Adi karanA, vaha bahuzrutabhakti bhAvanA hai| 13. pravacanabhakti bhAvanA-pravacana arthAt prakRSTa vcn| jinendra bhagavAn ke mukha se nikalA haA vacana hI sarvotkRSTa mAnA gayA hai| jisameM SaDdravyAdi kA varNana AyA hai, aise vItarAga sarvajJa bhagavAn ke vacana jo svarga-mokSa ko dene vAle hai, ve saba pravacana kahalAte haiN| jisa prakAra andhakAra yukta mahala meM hAtha meM dIpaka lene para sabhI padArtha dekhe jA sakate haiN| usI prakAra tInaloka rUpI mahala meM pravacana arthAt jinendra kI vANI rUpI dIpaka kI sahAyatA se sUkSma-sthUla, mUrtika-amUrtika padArtha dekhe jA sakate haiN| vItarAga jinendra bhagavAn kA jJAna ananta hai tathA rAga-dveSa ke abhAva se sarva jIvoM ke lie hitakAraka tathA ajJAnatA ke abhAva se sarva padArtha yathArtha rUpa se jAnate haiM, unakA upadeza bhI yathArtha aura hitakAraka hai, isI kAraNa vaha 'pravacana' saMjJA ko prApta hai| isI pravacana meM ananta bhUta, ananta bhaviSya va vartamAna ke samasta dravyoM kA unake guNa va paryAyoM sahita varNana hai| puNyapuruSoM ke jIvana-caritra rUpa prathamAnuyoga, vratAdi AcaraNa ke varNana rUpa caraNAnuyoga, karma-prakRtiyoM ke udayAdi ke kathana rUpa karaNAnuyoga tathA saptatattvAdi ke svarUpa kA varNana karane rUpa dravyAnuyoga Adi bhI isI meM Ate haiN| aura isa saMsAra se uddhAra karane vAlA samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna va samyak cAritra kI ekatA rUpa mokSamArga kA ullekha bhI jinendra bhagavAn ke paramAgama meM hI hai| isa prakAra anantadharmAtmaka vastu kA kathana karane vAle syAdvAda zailI meM sugaThita jinendra ke paramAmRta rUpa pravacana ke prati utkRSTa vinaya rakhanA, zAstrAbhyAsa meM hI apanA citta lagAnA, yahI pravacana-bhakti bhAvanA hai| aneka prakAra se jo dravyazruta va bhAvazruta rUpa pravacana haiM, unakA bhakti se pATha karanA, zravaNa karanA, vyAkhyAna karanA, vandanAdi karanA, saba pravacanabhakti bhAvanA meM hI zAmila hai| 14. AvazyakAparihANi bhAvanA-jo kArya avazya karane yogya hote haiM, unheM Avazyaka kahA jAtA hai| usa Avazyaka kArya ko pratidina karate rahanA hI ahAni arthAt AvazyakAparihANi kahalAtA hai| zAstroM meM Avazyaka kArya 6 batAye gae haiN| bAhya vastuoM ko acetana va svayaM se bhinna jAnate hue rAgAdi vikAra se rahita svayaM ko zuddha jJAtA-dRSTA 444 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #454
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir rUpa anubhava karanA hI sAmAyika nAmaka Avazyaka hai| jinendra bhagavAn ke aneka nAmoM dvArA aneka guNoM kA kIrtana, vaha stavana tathA trizuddhi- AvartAdi pUrvaka kinhIM eka tIrthaMkara yA arhantAdi ko mukhya karake stuti karanA, vaha vandanA Avazyaka hai / bhUtakAla meM kiye gae tathA AgAmI kAla meM lagane vAle pApoM va doSoM kI nindA Adi karanA vaha kramazaH pratikramaNa tathA pratyAkhyAna hai / zarIra se mamatva tyAga kara zuddha AtmA kI bhAvanA karanA, yaha kAyotsarga nAmaka chaThA Avazyaka kArya hai / kahIM-kahIM svAdhyAya ko bhI inhIM meM zAmila kiyA gayA hai / devapUjA, gurUpAsti, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna ye gRhasthoM ke SaT Avazyaka ka gae haiN| ina kriyAoM ko pratidina karate rahanA, kabhI na chor3anA hI AvazyakA parihANi bhAvanA hai| 1 15. mArgaprabhAvanA bhAvanA - kalyANa ke mArga ko hI jinAgama meM mArga kahA gayA hai, vaha mArga samyagdarzana- jJAna - cAritra kI ekatA rUpa mokSamArga hI hai, aise utkRSTa mokSamArga kI prabhAvanA karanA, usake prabhAva ko prakaTa karanA hI mArgaprabhAvanA nAmaka pandrahavIM bhAvanA hai / anAdi se yaha AtmA mithyAtva - rAgAdi se sahita hai tathA duHkha bhoga rahA hai, kintu aba manuSya janma, indriyoM kI pUrNatA, mati - zrutajJAna kI zakti, paramAgama kI zaraNa, sAdharmI kA samAgama Adi sabhI yogya vastue~ milI haiM to aba rAgAdi kA nAza karake muktAvasthA ko prApta karanA, yahI saccI mArgaprabhAvanA hai| prathama to yahI Atma-prabhAvanA hI karane yogya hai / pazcAt tapa, jJAna, pUjA Adi se anya janoM ko prabhAvita karanA / jainadharma kA atizaya prakaTa karanA, aise dhArmika kRtya jinase jinadharma kA mAhAtmya prakaTa ho, vaha parAtma prabhAvanA kahalAtI hai / jina bhakti, zAstra vyAkhyAna karanA, karAnA, dAna denA, jinamandira banavAnA, pratiSThAdi karavAnA, ye sabhI parAtma prabhAvanA ke kArya haiM jo jagat janoM ko prabhAvita karane vAle hote haiM / 1 zIla kI dRr3hatA, parigrahaparimANatA Adi se AtmaprabhAvanA bhI hotI hai tathA mArga prabhAvanA bhI / ataH tana-mana-dhana se mArga kI prabhAvanA karane meM udyata honA, yahI mArgaprabhAvanA bhAvanA kA sAra hai 1 16. pravacanavatsalatva bhAvanA - deva - zAstra - guru tathA inake mAnane vAloM ko ' pravacana' saMjJA dI gaI hai, isa prakAra deva - guru-dharma tathA inake mAnane vAloM ke prati prItibhAva rakhanA, vAtsalyabhAva rakhanA so pravacana - vatsalatva bhAvanA kahI gaI hai| samasta viSayoM kI AzA se rahita, nirAmbhI, aparigrahI, jJAna va dhyAna meM hI sadA lIna rahane vAle aise sAdhu, vratoM ke dhAraka, pApabhIru, nyAyamArgI, mandakaSAyI va santoSI, aise zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ke guNoM meM anurAga dhAraNa karanA vAtsalya hai / strIparyAya meM vratoM kI utkRSTa maryAdA kA pAlana karane vAlI AryikA Adi ke guNoM meM anurAga vAtsalya hai / anAdi se yaha jIva strI- putra - kuTumbAdi meM to rAga karatA A rahA hai, dhanika huA to dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 445 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #455
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org dhana ke prati rAgI huA, ati tRSNAvAn huA, kupAtroM ko dAna diyA, to nIca - gatiyoM meM gayA, kintu aba inase bacane ke lie arhanta deva, nirgrantha guru, syAdvAda rUpa paramAgama, dayArUpa dharma, jinamandira kA vaiyAvRtya, dAnAdi, jinasiddhAnta va dharma meM prIti va vAtsalya bhAva hI dhAraNa karanA yogya hai / vAtsalya se hI tapa, dAna, dhyAna, matizruta - jJAna kI zobhA bar3hatI hai, isI se jinazruta kA sevana kAryakArI hotA hai| isa prakAra manuSya bhava ke maNDana rUpa isa pravacanavatsalatva bhAvanA ko dhAraNa karanA caahie| upasaMhAra--isa prakAra ye solahakAraNa bhAvanAe~ tIrthaMkara prakRti ke bandha kA kAraNa hotI haiM / samyagdarzana ke sAtha meM sabhI bhAvanAe~ milakara va alaga-alaga bhI tIrthaMkara prakRti bandha meM sahAyaka haiM, samyagdarzana ke binA to sabhI 15 milakara bhI yaha kArya nahIM kara sakatIM, ataeva samyagdarzana yA darzanavizuddhi bhAvanA hI sabhI meM ziromaNi hai tathA tIrthaMkara prakRti jagat ko kalyANakArI va sarvotkRSTa puNya - prakRti hone se eka mAtra aisI karma prakRti hai jo jagat-vandanIya hai / ataH jo bhI jIva svarga-mokSa sukha ko prApta karanA cAhate haiM, una bhavyoM ko vidhipUrvaka nirmala citta se hamezA ina bhAvanAoM ko bhAnA cAhie, inakI upAsanA karanI cAhie / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vairAgya bhAvanA pratyeka jIva sukha kI cAhata meM hai aura isake lie nityaprati prayAsarata bhI hai; kyoMki sukha prApti jIva kA hI dharma hai| isa sukha prApti ke prayAsa meM prathama sukha kA svarUpa hI nirdhAraNIya hai / 'manuH smRti' meM sukha kA svarUpa isa prakAra ullikhita haisarvaM paravazaM duHkhaM, sarvamAtmavazaM sukham / etadvijJAtsamAsena, lakSaNaM sukha-duHkhayoH // 4/160 arthAt paravazatA hI saba taraha se duHkha rUpa hai, aura svavazatA arthAt svatantratA hI sukha hai / isa prakAra saMkSepa meM sukha va duHkha kA lakSaNa hI itanA-sA hai I mAtra svAdhInatA meM sukha aura parAdhInatA meM duHkha mAnatA hai / ataH duHkha se bacane va sukha prApta karane kA saccA upAya to mAtra svAdhInatA kI prApti hI hai / 446 :: jainadharma paricaya anAdi se jIva sukha kI cAhata meM svAdhIna sukha kI prApti parAdhInatAoM (karma - udaya, saMyoga va karma pariNAmoM) se prApta samajhatA rahA hai| jinase sukha prApti samajhatA rahA, unake saMgraha, bhoga Adi ke lie prayAsarata bhI rahA hai, kintu ye sabhI prayAsa abataka para kI AzritatA ke hI rahe haiM aura yaha kArya rAgavRddhi rUpa hI phalita huA hai| rAga, raktatA, Asakti, anurAga, rati ye sabhI lagabhaga ekArthavAcI haiM, jo ki vAstava meM duHkha svarUpa, dukha ke kAraNa va sukha se viparIta haiM / kavivara daulatarAmajI 'chahaDhAlA' meM likhate haiM For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #456
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir yaha rAga Aga dahai sadA, tArauM samAmata seiye| cira bhaje viSaya-kaSAya, aba to tyAga nijapada beiye| kahA racyo para-pada meM, na tero pada yahai, kyoM dukha shai| aba 'daula' hou sukhI, sva-pada raci, dAva mata cUko yhai| 6/15 vItarAgI jinendraprabhu ke vacana rAga se bacakara virakti, vairAgyapUrvaka vItarAgatA kI prApti ke haiN| isake lie samyak abhiprAya se vastu ko jAnanA, pahacAnanA hI rAga ke sthAna para vairAgya prApti kA saccA sAdhana ho sakatA hai| jinase virakta honA abhipreta hai ve haiMhiMsA'nRta-steyAbrahma-parigrahebhyo virativratam / / 7/1 tattvArthasUtra, AcArya umAsvAmI arthAt hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla (abrahma) aura parigrahoM se virakti hI vrata hai| jIvamAtra ko pramAdapUrvaka pIr3AkAraka (hiMsA), asat svIkRti tathA vacana bolanA (asatya, jhuTha) adatta ko lenA (steya, corI) maithuna pariNAma va kArya (abrahma, kuzIla) tathA apane atirikta para vastuoM ke prati mUrchA (mamatva pariNAma) rUpa antaraMga rAgAdi tathA bahiraMga dhana-dhAnyAdi (parigraha) ye pA~ca pApa kahe gaye haiN| inase virakti hI vrata hai| ___ ina pA~coM pApoM ke hone meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha rUpa kaSAyeM kAraNa haiM tathA ina kaSAyoM ke lie rAga-dveSa kAraNa svarUpa haiN| __isa taraha rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa kaSAyeM tathA kaSAyoM ke kAraNa pA~coM pApa hote haiM aura inase jIva duHkhI hotA hai| duHkha se bacane ke lie pApoM se, pApoM se bacane ke lie kaSAyoM se, kaSAyoM se bacane ke lie rAga-dveSa se tathA rAga-dveSa se bacane ke lie moha se bacanA hI duHkha se bacane kA upAya hai| isI ko astiparaka vivecana se dekhA jAe to svasvarUpa kI prIti, pratIti va jJAna se samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna tathA isI svasvarUpa meM ramaNatA se samyak cAritra dvArA uparyukta sarva para-Asakti chUTa jAtI hai aura Asakti chUTane kA nAma hI virakti hai| aura Asakti chUTane para unakA saMyoga bhI chUTa sakatA hai| isaprakAra para saMyoga virahitatA hI vItarAgatA kA svarUpa hai| vairAgya bhAvanAe~ isIlie atyanta upayogI haiM ki jinase yaha jIva saMsAra, zarIra va bhogoM ke prati Asakti se baca jAtA hai| ____ aba ina saMsAra, zarIra va bhogoM kA svarUpa kramazaH anvekSaNIya hai, unameM prathama saMsAra kA svarUpa vicArate haiM paMcaparAvartana rUpa bhramaNa-cakra meM pUrvakRta puNya pariNAmoM ke phalasvarUpa jIva ko anukUla sAmagrI, ucca jAti, zarIra va nirvighna suvidhAoM Adi kI prApti hotI hai tathA pUrvakRta pApa pariNAmoM ke phala meM jIva ko pratikUla sAmagrI, nIca jAti, zarIra tathA dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 447 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #457
parezAniyoM kA samAgama milatA hai| ye sabhI samAgama jIva ko saMyoga hI haiM, kSaNika haiM, jIva ke apane va svabhAva nahIM haiM, sthAyI nahIM haiN| pApa ke udaya meM milane vAle saMyogaviyoga to sukhasvarUpa-sukhadAyI haiM hI nahIM, puNyodaya meM milane vAle saMyoga-viyoga bhI sukhasvarUpa, sukhadAyI to nahIM, kintu sukhadAyIpane kA bhrama utpanna karate haiN| haiM to ye bhI yathArthatayA duHkhasvarUpa hii| aisA jAnakara vivekI jIva ina puNya pariNAmoM ke hone para bhI inheM sukhasvarUpa, sukhakAraNa nahIM mAnate haiM apitu nijAzrita dharma pariNAma ko hI sukhasvarUpa mAnate haiN| jJAnI jIva ko sahaja hI anAsakti pUrvaka hue puNya bhAvoM ke phala meM utkRSTa samAgama prApta hote haiN| nArAyaNa, balabhadra, cakravartI, tIrthaMkara Adi jaise puNyodaya jJAniyoM ko hI hote haiM aura ve jJAnI ina puNyodayoM ko bhogate hue bhI dikhAI dete haiN| isa bhoga prakriyA meM mahAbhAgya se milA apUrva puruSArthayogya samaya, kSayopazamajJAna, vizuddhi Adi aise vyatIta hote jAte haiM ki jinameM samayAdi kA vyatIta honA mahasUsa hI nahIM hotA / samAgamoM kI prApti to mahAbhAgya se hotI hai, kintu una samAgamoM meM svayaM satkArya meM jur3anA, apane upayoga ko svarUpa anurakti va viSaya virakti meM lagAnA puruSArtha hai| aisA mahApuruSArthI sadguru ke samAgama meM unake prati atyanta vinayAvanata ho, namrabhAva se unako pradakSiNA dekara, stuti-pUjA karake unakA samIpastha ho, una dharma-ziromaNi se upadiSTa vastu sat kA sthAyI svarUpa tathA saMyoga va bhAvoM kA kSaNika svarUpa sunakara ina saMyogasvarUpa rAjapada, strI, putrAdi ke prati kI rasAnubhUti se virakta ho jAtA hai| usa upadeza se apanI anAdikAlIna buddhi bhramasvarUpa bhAsane lagatI hai tathA saMsAra, zarIra va bhogoM kA svarUpa vicArakara unase citta ucaTane lagatA hai aura utkRSTa dharmasvarUpa apane nijatattva meM prIti jur3ane lagatI hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne likhA hai yathA-yathA samAyAti, saMvittau tttvmuttmm| tathA-tathA na rocante, viSayAH sulabhA api // 37 // yathA-yathA na rocante, viSayAH sulabhA api| tathA-tathA samAyAti, saMvittau tattvamuttamam // 38 // iSTopadeza arthAt bhedajJAna ke bala se jaise-jaise uttama Atma tattva kI saMvitti (jJAna) hone lagatI hai, taise-taise sahaja hI prApta ramaNIya viSaya bhI arucikara pratIta hote haiN| aura jaise-jaise sahaja prApta indriya viSayoM se ruci ghaTatI jAtI hai, taise-taise svasaMvitti rUpa uttama vizuddhatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra mahAvana meM bhramaNa kA to koI anta nahIM hai| jIva janma-jarAmaraNa Adi meM nirantara duHkhita hote hue pIr3ita hI rahatA hai| kabhI naraka kI sthiti meM nirantara chedana-bhedana kI pIr3A bhogatA hai, to kabhI pazu paryAya meM badha-bandhana kA duHkha 448 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #458
bhogatA hai| kabhI devagati meM pahu~cakara dUsare kI sampadAe~ dekhakara unase rAgI hotA huA mahAduHkhI rahatA hai aura manuSyagati to aneka vipattimaya hai hii| janma ke kAla se lekara sampUrNa jIvanakAla taka anantoM samasyAoM se bharA jIvana bItatA hai| isa prakAra cAroM gati rUpa saMsAra-samudra meM sampUrNatayA sukhI koI nahIM haiN| manuSyabhava meM koI to iSTajanoM ke viyoga-prasaMgoM se du:khI hai, to koI aniSTa janoM ke milana-prasaMgoM se duHkhI hai| koI dIna-dAridrya se bilakhate haiM, to koI tana meM Aye rogoM se du:khI haiN| kisI ko gRha-kalaha ko janma dene vAlI patnI se pIr3A hai, to koI duzmana ke samAna matalabI bhAI-bandhuoM se parezAna hai| kisI kA duHkha bAhya meM dikhAI detA hai, to koI antara hRdaya meM pIr3ita hai| ___ koI putra prApti ke abhAva meM tar3apatA hai, to koI putra prApti ke bAda usake maraNa ho jAne para rotA rahatA hai| koI santAna ke AjJAkArI nahIM hone para, khoTe lakSaNa yukta hone se du:khI hotA hai| kadAcit puNya udaya ho, to bhI sadA sukha-anukUlatA nahIM rahatI, jitanA prApta ho utane se santuSTi nahIM hotI, aura adhika, aura adhika kI cAhata meM nirantara yaha jIva duHkhI hI banA rahatA hai| isa prakAra isa bhava vana meM jahA~ dRSTipAta kiyA jAe vahIM duHkhadAyIpanA pratibhAsita hotA hai| yadi isa saMsAra meM hI, puNyodaya se prApta sAmagriyoM meM hI sukha hotA to tIrthaMkara mahApuruSa Adi mahApuNyazAlI jIva kyoM isa jagavAsa ko tyAgakara saMyama kA patha apanAte hue mokSamArga Arur3ha ho siddha banate? arthAt jisa saMsAra duHkha se tIrthaMkara mahApuruSa bhI bhayabhIta hue, usa saMsAra meM sukha kI kalpanA bhramaroga hI hai| aba deha kA svarUpa vicAraNIya hai pudgala paramANuoM kI AhAra vargaNAoM se nirmita yaha manuSya gati, pazugati kA audArika deha svayaM apavitra raja-vIryAdi padArthoM se nirmita hokara, haDDI, mAMsa, nasa, khUna, carvI Adi apavitra vastuoM se banI huI, kezara, candanAdi sugandhita pavitra vastuoM ke saMsarga meM bhI apanI apavitratA se una sugandhita padArthoM ko bhI malina durgandhayukta karane vAlI hai tathA sundara se sundara bahumUlya vastue~ bhI isa deha ke saMsarga se malina mala-mUtramaya ho jAtI hai| svayaM asthira svabhAva vAlI hai| ise to samudra-bhara jala se bhI pavitra kiyA jAe to bhI zuddha-pavitra nahIM ho sakatI hai| ___yaha rasa, rakta, mAMsa, maidA, haDDI, majjA, zukra jaisI mahAmalina dhAtuoM se labAlaba, camar3e se lipaTI huI dikhAI detI hai| bhItara se dekhane para yaha patA calatA hai ki isase gandI to vizva meM koI aura vastu hI nahIM hai| A~kha, nAka, kAna, mu~ha, nAbhi, mUtra evaM malanau maladvAroM se nirantara ghinaune padArthoM kA bahanA cAlU rahatA hai| aneka zArIrika va mAnasika vyAdhi-upAdhiyA~ jahA~ lagI hI rahatI haiN| aise zarIra meM se koI kaise sukha pA sakatA hai| aura to aura isa deha kA to jitanA poSaNa karo, ise suvidhAe~ do, utanI hI akar3atI va dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 449 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #459
bImAriyoM se ghirI rahatI hai, balki isakA jitanA zoSaNa, dohana, mehanata karo, utanI svastha va anukUla rahatI hai| vAstava meM to isa deha kA svarUpa hI durjana jaisA hai| isa deha se to mUoM kI hI prIti hotI hai| yaha deha to mUoM dvArA hI prItiyogya hai| ___yaha deha racane-pacane, pasanda Ane yogya nahIM hai, kintu virakti sIkhane yogya hai vairAgya dhAraNa karane yogya hai| jaise kANe ganne ko koI cUse to duHkha va bImAriyA~ prApta hotI haiM, kintu yadi use bhUmi meM bo diyA jAe to uttama phaladAyI hotA hai| isI prakAra yaha deha bhI kANe ganne ke sadRza bImAriyoM kA ghara, duHkhadAyI hai, kintu yadi isa deha ko pAkara samyagdarzana-jJAna pUrvaka saMyama ke mArga meM jor3a diyA jAe, to karma kATane kA sAdhana bhI yahI deha bana jAe, aura yahI sArabhUta hai| aura aba anta meM virakti kA sAdhana bhoga bhI vicAraNIya haiM bhoktA dvArA jo bhoge jAe~ aise sparzana Adi pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya bhoga kahalAte haiM / jo puNyodaya meM prApta hoM ve anukUla tathA jo pApodaya meM prApta hoM ve pratikUla mAne jAte zAstroM meM bhogoM ko bhoga aura upabhoga-do rUpoM meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai, vahIM bhogoM ko kAma aura bhoga ina do rUpoM meM bhI bA~TA gayA hai| vahA~ prathama bhoga aura upabhoga rUpa bhogoM kI carcA to 'zrAvakAcAra' Alekha meM zikSAvratoM kI carcA karate hue kI hI gayI hai, punarukti bhaya se ise saMkSepa meM dekhA jAye to bhogane yogya padArtha jo eka bAra hI bhoge jAe~ ve bhoga haiM tathA jo punaH punaH bhogya hoM ve upabhoga haiN| jaise kramazaH bhojana Adi bhogya haiM tathA vastra, AbhUSaNAdi upabhogya haiN| __ AcArya jayasena svAmI ne 'samayasAra' grantha kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA meM cauthI gAthA meM kahA hai ki sparzana evaM rasanA indriya sambandhI tIvra Asakti bhAva ke janaka viSaya kAma haiM tathA ghrANa, cakSu va karNa indriya sambandhI bhoga-viSaya bhoga haiN| puNyodaya se prApta yaha bhoga-sAmagrI jIva ke Asakti bhAva ko bar3hAne meM hI sahayogI hotI rahI hai, virakti bhAva to lagabhaga pApodaya meM hI jAgrata hotA dekhA gayA hai| tIrthaMkarAdi mahApuruSa bhI gRhasthadazA meM prApta puNyodaya meM to bhogavRtti meM hI lage rahe haiM, unheM bhI virakti bhAva to puNyodaya meM bAdhA par3ane para hI paidA hotA hai, vRddhiMgata hotA hai| AcArya yativRSabha svAmI to 'tiloyapaNNatti' meM kahate haiM puNNeNa hoi vihao, vihaveNa mao maeNa mimoho| maimoheNa ya pAvaM, tamhA puNNovi vajjejjo // 9/52 // cU~ki puNya se vibhava, vibhava se mada, mada se matimoha aura matimoha se pApa hotA hai, isalie puNya ko bhI chor3anA caahie| ___ aisA kahakara AcArya deva puNya kI upAdeyatA, puNya meM dharmabuddhi chur3AnA cAhate haiM, puNya nhiiN| 450 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #460
aise puNya ke udaya se prApta viSaya-bhoga sAdhana bhavaroga bar3hAne vAle hone se isa jagat meM jIva ke duzmana hI haiM, kyoMki ye bhoga bhogate samaya hI madhura lagate haiM, phalakAla meM to ye duHkha rUpa hI hote haiM / vajra, agni, viSa evaM viSadhara sarpa isa loka meM duHkhadAyI prasiddha haiM, kintu ye bhoga to inase bhI adhika duHkhadAyI haiN| dharmarUpI ratna ke to ye cora haiM, capalatA liye hue haiM aura durgati ke mArga meM dhakelane vAle haiN| ___ moha ke udaya meM hI ajJAnI jIva ko ye bhoga bhale-se lagate haiN| jaise koI vyakti dhatUrA khAkara sabhI sAmagrI ko kaMcana rUpa mAnane laga jAtA hai| ina bhogoM kA svarUpa to aisA hai ki jaise-jaise isa jIva ko manohArI bhAgoM kI prApti hotI hai, taise-taise inakI aura adhika prApti kI abhilASA bar3hatI hI jAtI hai, ye to tRSNA rUpI nAgina ke Dase hue hI haiN| ___maiMne aba taka aneka janmoM meM, anekoM bAra bar3e-se-bar3e rAje-mahArAje ke pada bhI pAye haiM, aura nirantara bahutere bhoga bhoge haiM, phira bhI merI manobhilASAe~ jarA-sI bhI pUrI nahIM ho pAyIM haiN| rAjyAdhikAra-rAjya sampadAe~ aura samAja ye saba to mahAna pApa ke kAraNa haiM aura nirantara bairabhAva kI vRddhi karAne vAle haiN| tathA yaha puNyodaya meM prApta lakSmI bhI vezyA ke samAna caMcalA hai, isakA to koI eka pati/svAmI nahIM hai, jisa kI jeba meM ho vahI usakA mAlika bana baiThatA hai, mAna letA hai| vAstava meM, moha hI hamArA mahAzatru hai, jo isa jIva ko saMsAra-bhramaNa ke saMkaTa meM pha~sA letA hai aura ye zarIra rUpI kArAgRha (jela), strI rUpI beDI aura parijana loga isa jelakhAne ke rakhavAle haiN| ye saba to moha ke pratinidhi haiN| inakA kArya mujhe mohajAla meM pha~sAye rakhanA hai| mere hitakArI to mAtra samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra va tapa-ye hI haiM, ye hI sAra svarUpa haiM, aura bAkI saba to asAra, aprayojanabhUta, bematalaba ke haiN| yaha vicAra kara virakti bhAva hI bhAne yogya hai| bar3e-bar3e mahApuruSa cakravartI Adi ne bhI aisA vicAra kara unake pAsa upalabdha puNyodaya svarUpa rAniyA~ ,karor3oM ghor3e, lAkhoM hAthI, paidala senA, ratna Adi sabhI ko jIrNa tinake ke samAna jAnakara, vairAgya aMgIkAra kara, yogya putrAdi ko uttarAdhikAra sauMpakara, munirAjazrI ke samakSa unake caraNoM meM vinatI karake nagna digambara muni- mudrA dharakara, paMcamahAvrata pAla, sAmAyika Adi cAritra meM svarUpastha ho apane isa prApta narabhava ko kevalajJAnAdi prAptakara saphala diyA hai| __ve jIva dhanya haiM, sukRtArtha haiM, jinhoMne aisI AtmAnurakti meM viSayavirakti aMgIkAra kI hai| dhani yaha samajha subuddhi jagottama, dhani yaha dhIraja dhaarii| aisI sampati chor3a base vana, tina pada dhoka hmaarii|| paM. daulatarAma jI ne 'chahaDhAlA' meM bhI kahA hai dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 451 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #461
dhani dhanya haiM ve jIva nara-bhava pAya yaha kAraja kiyaa| tina hI anAdI bhramaNa paMca prakAra taji vara sukha liyaa| 6/13 // hama sabhI bhI mahApuruSoM dvArA kRta kI anumodanA karate hue svayaM bhI aise viSa- sama paMcendriya viSayoM se virakta ho AnandadAyI nija Atmatattva ke anurAgI hoM samAdhibhAvanA Adhi, vyAdhi evaM upAdhi se pAra nijasvarUpa kI samajha, pahacAna evaM zraddhApUrvaka ramaNatA se utpanna sahaja samatAbhAva hI samAdhi hai| sacce deva-zAstra-guru kI samyak zraddhA, jIvAajIvAdi sAta tattvoM ke yathArtha avabodha pUrvaka sva-para ke samyak bhedavijJAna se utpanna nijasvarUpa kI pratIti vizvAsa hI isa jIva ko kaSAyAdi vibhAvoM se bacAne tathA samyak samatA bhAvoM kA rasAsvAda karAne meM samartha hai| aisI samatA ke bala se jIva Anandamaya jIvana jIne kI kalA meM pAraMgata ho, saMyogaviyogoM ke svarUpa ko samajhatA huA, avicalita pariNati meM jItA huA, jIvana-maraNAdi prasaMgoM kA mAtra jJAtA rahakara mohotpanna AkulatAoM se bacatA huA paristhitiyoM kA sAkSI hI rahatA hai| deha viyoga ke prasaMga ko isa sAkSIbhAva se jAnanA hI samAdhi hai| jJAnI jIva mRtyuprasaMga ko Ayu kA anta dekhatA hai, na ki jIva kA anta, jIvana kA anta / jIva kA jIvatva to anAdi-ananta hai| ata: nirantara Anandotpatti kA prasaMga banA rahatA hai| aisA jIva upasarga, durbhikSa, vRddhAvasthA, azakya-asAdhya rogAdi ke prasaMga upasthita hone para aisI bhAvanA bhAtA hai ki -- "dina-rAta mere svAmI, maiM bhAvanA ye bhaauuN| dehAnta ke samaya meM, tumako na bhUla jaauuN||" maiMne jIvana-kAla meM aneka prakAra ke sambandha jor3akara aneka zatru-mitra banAye haiN| pUrvakAlIna bhUloM se to zatru-mitra kA samAgama milA, kintu maiMne vartamAna meM naye zatru-mitra banAe haiN| nijasvabhAva kI sampUrNa sukhamayatA ko bhUlakara para padArthoM ke sambandha se apane meM pUrNatA kA kAmanA karate hue rAga-dveSAtmaka zatru-mitratA ke aneka sambandha jodd'e| aba yaha samasta prakAra ke sambandhoM se virakti kA avasara AyA hai, isalie una sabhI ke prati hRdaya meM sahaja saumya kSamAbhAva dharakara tathA unase kSamAbhAva dhAraNa kI prArthanA karake krodhamAnAdi kaSAyoM se svayaM ko bacAne kA bhAva ugratara hotA rahatA hai| isa deha ke poSaNa hetu aba taka vividha prakAra ke vyaMjanoM kI vyavasthA kA bhAva nirantara banAye rakhA, kintu yaha deha to nirantara jarjarita hone ke lie hI hai, aisA jAnakara yathAvasara AhAra, dUdha, chAcha, garama 452 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #462
jala Adi kA kramika tyAga bhAva lAkara hRdaya meM aisI dRr3hatA banAe rakhakara, merA liyA huA koI bhI niyama na TUTe aisI jAgarukatA kA puruSArtha banA rahe aisI-bhAvanA nirantara bhAne yogya zarIra ke rugNa svabhAva anusAra daihika vedanAoM ke prasaMga meM merA citta Akulita, kaSAyita na ho, jisase maiM durdhyAna (Arta-raudradhyAna) se bacA rhuuN| nirantara arhanta-siddhasAdhu ke svarUpa va unake prati vinayAvanata rahate hue, maiM darzana-jJAna-cAritra va tapa ArAdhanArata raha AtmasvarUpa meM magnatA, AnandamayatA hI vicAratA rhuuN| nirantara sAdharmIjanoM kA mujhe saMga milatA rahe, ve mujhe nirantara dharmacarcA se lAbhAnvita karate raheM, merA antara pauruSa bar3hAte raheM va mujhe sAvadhAna rakheM ki jisase maiM viSaya-kaSAyoM kI daladala meM gAphila na ho jaauuN| merA hRdaya jIvana kI abhilASA tathA maraNa kI cAha rUpI roga se bacA rahe, mitrajanaparivArajana se bhI merA rAga TUTatA jaae| pUrva meM bhoge hue bhoga bhI mujhe yAda na AyeM tathA AgAmI bhava meM bhI indrapada-rAjapada Adi kI cAha na jge| isa taraha sarva saMyoga-viyogoM meM samadarzI rahakara svasvabhAva ke smaraNa-jJAna, zraddhAna va ramaNatApUrvaka isa deha ke viyoga prasaMga ko maiM sahaja samatA ke bhAvoM meM raha, niDara hokara jJAtA dRSTApane rUpa apane ko anubhava karatA rhuuN| samAdhi kI prApti ke lie samAdhi kI bhAvanA bIjabhUta upakrama hai| pratyeka sAdharmI kI yahI bhAvanA rahatI hai yA rahanI cAhie- maiM nirantara arhanta-siddhasAdhu tathA unake dvArA praNIta jinadharma kI zaraNa meM rahakara jJAnarata raha deha rahita hone kA puruSArtha jAgRta karatA rhuuN| mokSamArga gAgara meM sAgara bhara dene vAlI hindI bhASA kI kavivara paM. daulatarAma jI kRta 'chahaDhAlA' meM mokSa va mokSamArga kA svarUpa isa prakAra udghATita kiyA gayA hai Atama kau hita hai sukha so sukha AkulatA bina khie| AkulatA ziva mAMhi na tArauM ziva-maga lAgyau chie| samyagdarzana jJAna caraNa zivamaga so duvidha vicaaro| jo satyAratha rUpa so nizcaya kArana so vyvhaaro||3/1|| arthAt jagajjaMjAla meM duHkhapUrvaka bhramaNa karate hue jIva ko duHkha se bacane tathA sukhI hone kA svarUpa tathA upAya itanA hI hai ki dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 453 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #463
AtmA kA hita sukha svarUpa hai aura vaha sukha AkulatA se rahita hI hotA hai| AkulatA mokSa meM nahIM hai arthAt mokSa nirAkula svarUpa hai| isalie sukhI hone ke lie mokSamArga meM laga jAnA caahie| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra rUpa mokSa kA mArga hai| vaha bhI nizcaya aura vyavahAra ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| jo satyArtha, yathArtha rUpa hai, vaha nizcaya mokSamArga hai aura jo isa yathArtha mokSamArga kI prApti kA kAraNa hai, use vyavahAra mokSamArga kahate haiN| abhiprAya yaha hai ki mokSa mAtra sthAna vizeSa yA ghaTanA-vizeSa nahIM hai| mokSa jIva kI vaha pariNati-avasthA hai, jisameM jIva nirAkula, svAdhIna, sthAyI sukha kA vedana karatA rahatA hai aura aisA santuSTa rahatA hai ki vahA~ se punarAgamana sambandhI vikalpa ko bhI phurasata nahIM miltii| duHkhajanaka sambandhoM kA koI astitva nahIM raha jAtA, janmajarA-maraNa jaisI sArvakAlika vyAdhiyoM se jisakA koI vAstA nahIM rahA, rAga-dveSamoha jaisI sarvAMgINa sarvathA du:khamayI vRttiyA~ jahA~ janma hI nahIM le pAtI, bandhanasvarUpa va bandhanakArI karmoM kA abhAva ho cukA hai| mAtra sva-svarUpa sAmrAjya tathA usake jJAna, ramaNatA dvArA aikAntika sukha kA bhoga hI hotA rahatA hai, aisI parama tRpta dazA kA nAma hI mokSa hai| ___jaba taka isa jIva ko mokSa sukhasvarUpa nahIM bhAse, taba taka jIva usakI prApti kA prayAsa bhI prArambha nahIM karatA hai aura taba taka duHkhakAraNoM meM hI sukha prApti kI AkAMkSA rakhate hue nirantara duHkhita hotA rahatA hai| samasyA yaha hai ki yaha jagajjIva viSaya-bhoga janita parAdhIna duHkhoM meM kamI ko sukha rUpa meM kalpatA AyA hai| isa ajJAnI jIva ko sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu, karNa aura mana sambandhI viSayoM kI anukUlatA meM hI sukhapane kI buddhi hai, aura adhika anukUlatA meM hI sacce sukha kI abhilASA hai| svarga sambandhI vaibhava aura anukUlatA ko adhika sukhamayI ginatA hai| isa kAraNa mokSasukha ko svargasukha se anantaguNA sukhamayI sunakara tatsambandhI adhika anukUlatA ko anantaguNA karake mokSa sukha rUpa kalpanA kiyA karatA hai, parantu isa svargaloka ke indriya janya, karmodaya kI parAdhInatA lie huye aura vinAzIkatA lakSaNa kAlpanika sukha se anantaguNA to ananta duHkha hI honA caahie| mokSa meM aisA sukha bilkula nahIM hai| mokSa meM to atIndriya, svAvalambana pUrvaka, anupama jJAnAnandamayI svasattA se utpanna vicchedarahita, avinAzI sukha hI hai| yaha sukha hI yathArtha sukha hai| mukti (mokSa) kA mArga aisA ramaNIya viSaya hai, jo sunane, vicArane, samajhane vAle ko atyanta priya hotA hai aura honA bhI caahie| isIlie sarvajJabhagavantoM kI divya dezanA se lekara vItarAgatA ke ArAdhaka santoM kI lekhanI bhI mAtra isI mukti-mArga ke sambandha meM hI prasphuTita huI hai| anya koI viSaya svAdhIna, sthAyI sukhAbhilASI 454 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #464
ke lie ramaNIya ho bhI nahIM sakatA hai| yadi mahApuruSoM kA jIvana-caritra varNana bhI karate haiM, to isI svAdhInatA ke mArga ko una mahApuruSoM ne bhinna-bhinna paristhitiyoM meM kaise dhairyapUrvaka aMgIkAra kiyA hai, kA darzana karAyA gayA hai| jIvoM ke pariNAma, karmabandhana svarUpa, triloka racanA Adi kA varNana bhI jIva ko jagata se vimukha karAkara sva-sanmukhatA ke lie hI hai| khAnA-pInA Adi kI kriyA ke badalAva se lekara rAgAdi ke parihAra kA upadeza bhI Atma ramaNatA rUpa puruSArtha ke lie hI hai, aura tattva-dravya vyavasthA kA jJAna bhI svatattvAbhyAsI hone mAtra ke lie hI karAyA gayA hai| arthAt samagra upadeza mAtra svatattva rasika, svonmukha, svatattva prIti, svatattvapratIti, svatattva vizvAsa, svatattvajJAna evaM svatattva ramaNatA rUpa cAritra-dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie hI hai| para-tattvoM kA jJAna bhI 'unameM merI cetanatA nahIM pAI jAtI' kahakara nija cetanarasa lene ke lie hI hai| ___jahA~ cetanatA nahIM, vahA~ khojane kA prayAsa nirAzA ke alAvA kucha nahIM de sakatA hai, isalie cetanatA-janya Ananda ko cetana meM hI khojane se khoja kI sArthakatA aura sukha kI prApti kA upAya saphala hotA AyA hai| AcArya akalaMka deva ne 'siddhivinizcaya' meM vRtti sahita kahA hai AtmalAbhaM vidarmokSaM jiivsyaantrmlkssyaat| nAbhAvaM nApyacaitanyaM na caitnymnrthkm||7/10|| arthAt AtmasvarUpa ke lAbha kA nAma mokSa hai, jo ki jIva ko antarmala kA kSaya ho jAne para prApta hotA hai| mokSa meM na to AtmA kA abhAva hotA hai, na hI AtmA jJAnazUnya acetana hotA hai| mokSa meM AtmA kA jJAna nirarthaka bhI nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki vahA~ bhI yaha jagattraya ko sAkSI bhAva se jAnatA tathA dekhatA rahatA hai| jaise bAdaloM ke haTa jAne para sUrya apane sva-para prakAzakapane ko nahIM chor3atA varan adhika spaSTatayA prakAzamAna rahatA hai, usI prakAra karmamala kA kSaya ho jAne para AtmA apane sva-para prakAzakapane ko nahIM chor3a detaa| AcArya umAsvAmI racita 'tattvArthasUtra' grantha meM sarvaprathama sUtra dvArA mokSamArga kA svarUpa nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokssmaargH|| 1/1 / / samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna va samyakcAritra kI ekatA hI mokSamArga hai| auSadhi ke pUrNaphala kI prApti ke lie jaise usakA zraddhAna, jJAna va sevanarUpa kriyA Avazyaka hai| usI prakAra samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra ina tInoM ke mela se unake phala kI prApti hotI hai| darzana aura cAritra kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa jJAna mAtra se, jJAnapUrvaka dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 455 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #465
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kriyA rUpa anuSThAna ke abhAva ke kAraNa zraddhAnamAtra se, aura jJAna tathA zraddhAna ke abhAva ke kAraNa kriyA mAtra se mokSa nahIM hotA, kyoMki jJAna va zraddhAna rahita kriyA niSphala hai isalie mokSamArga ke tIna pane kI kalpanA jAgrata hotI hai| kahA bhI hai- "kriyAhIna jJAna naSTa hai aura ajJAniyoM kI kriyA niSphala hai| eka cakra se ratha nahIM calatA, ataH jJAna-kriyA kA saMyoga hI kAryakArI hai| jaise ki dAvAnala se vyApta vana meM andhA vyakti to bhAgatA - bhAgatA bhI jala jAtA hai aura laMgar3A vyakti dekhate-dekhate jala jAtA hai| yadi andhA aura la~gar3A donoM mila jAe~ aura andhe ke kandhoM para la~gar3A baiTha jAe, to donoM kA uddhAra ho jaaegaa| taba la~gar3A to rAstA batAtA huA jJAna kA kArya karegA aura andhA calatA huA cAritra kA kArya kregaa| isa prakAra donoM hI vana se bacakara nagara meM A sakate haiM / " AcArya akalaMka deva, tattvArtha rAjavArtika 1/1/49 kavivara paM. daulatarAma jI ne 'chahaDhAlA' meM kahA hai mokSamahala kI parathama sIr3hI yA bina jJAna samyakatA na lahai so darasana dhAro bhavya 'daula' samajha suna ceta sayAne kAla vRthA mata khovai / yaha narabhau phira milana kaThina hai jo samyak nahiM hovai // 3/17 // For Private And Personal Use Only caritrA / pavitrA // arthAt mokSarUpI mahala meM praveza karane ke lie sarvaprathama sopAna pavitra samyagdarzana hai, isake binA jJAna aura cAritra samyakpane ko prApta nahIM hote / he bhavya ! sabase pahale isa samyagdarzana ko dhAraNa karo, kavivara daulatarAma jI kahate haiM ki he catura ! suno, samajho, ceta jAo / vyartha kAla barbAda mata kro| kyoMki yadi yaha samyagdarzana pragaTa nahIM huA, to punaH manuSya bhava kA milanA durlabha ho jaaegaa| samyagdarzana dharma kA mUla stambha hai| samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM na to jJAna samyak hotA hai aura na cAritra hI / isIlie samyagdarzana ko mokSamahala kI prathama sIr3hI kahA gayA hai / samyagdarzana aura samyak cAritra meM aMka aura zUnya kA sambandha hai | cAhe jitane bhI zUnya hoM, aMka ke abhAva meM unakA koI mahattva nahIM hotA / yadi zUnya ke pUrva eka hI aMka ho to kImata hotI hai| aMka uparAnta zUnya se to dazagunI kImata hotI jAtI hai arthAt aMka ke sAtha zUnya hone para aMka aura zUnya donoM hI kA mahattva bar3ha jAtA hai| samyagdarzana aMka hai aura samyak cAritra zUnya / samyagdarzana se hI samyak cAritra kA teja prakaTa hotA hai / samyagdarzana rahita cAritra to usa andha vyakti kI taraha hai, jo nirantara calanA to jAnatA hai para lakSya kA patA nahIM hai / lakSyavihIna yAtrA, yAtrA nahIM, bhaTakana hai / isIlie AcArya paramparA ne samyagdarzana se hI mArga kA prArambha kahA hai / 456 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #466
samyagdarzana vibhinna dRSTiyoM se samyagdarzana ke aneka lakSaNa jinAgama meM batAe gaye haiN| yathA___1. paramArthabhUta deva-zAstra-guru para tIna mUr3hatA, ATha madoM se rahita evaM ATha aMgoM yukta zraddhA hI samyagdarzana hai| zraddhAnaM prmaarthaanaamaaptaagmtpobhRtaam| trimUDhApoDhamaSTAGgaM smygdrshnmsmym||4|| AcArya samantabhadra, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 2. tattvArtha kI yathArtha zraddhA hI samyagdarzana hai| tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam // 1/2 // ___ AcArya umAsvAmI, tattvArthasUtra 3. sva-para kA zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai| svaparayorvibhAgadarzanena darzako bhavati // 314,315 AcArya amRtacandra, samayasAra AtmakhyAti TIkA 4. AtmA kA zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai| vizuddha-jJAnadarzana-svabhAve nija-paramAtmani yat rucirUpaM samyagdarzanam / / 38 / / ____ AcArya jayasena, samayasAra tAtparyavRtti TIkA samyagdarzana ke ukta cAroM mukhya lakSaNoM meM sarvAMgINa svarUpa vivecana tattvArthazraddhAnarUpa samyagdarzana meM samAhita hai| sarvajJatA, vItarAgatA evaM hitopadezitA lakSaNa sacce deva, pUrvApara virodha rahita, AtmahitakArI jinopadiSTa, vItarAgatA poSaka sacce zAstra tathA viSaya-kaSAya aura Arambha-parigraha rahita, jJAna-dhyAna aura tapa meM lIna, nagna digambara munirAja-sacce guru kA zraddhAna bhI unake dvArA gRhIta, upadiSTa tattvArthazraddhAna hI samyagdarzana ko prasiddha karatA ___ jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa tattvoM meM se sArabhUta sarvaprathama jIvatva hI prayojanabhUta hai, Azraya yogya ArAdhya tattva hai, anya sabhI tattva jJeya-heya evaM pragaTa karane yogya tattva haiN| sabhI tattvoM kA jAnane vAlA bhI jIva hI hai| isalie Azraya yogya sva-sthAyI tattva parama upAdeya hai| ajIva-ki jinameM merA jJAna-darzana Adi caitanya nijatva na pAyA jAe, ve mAtra jJeya haiN| (mAtra jJAna se jAnane meM Ane vAle jJeya haiN|) rAga-dveSa-mohAdi rUpa Asrava tathA tadanusArI karmabandha, udayAdi rUpa bandha ye dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 457 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #467
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra tattvadvaya heya haiM (chor3ane yogya haiM) / Asrava se rahita nijAzrita saMvara- nirjarA rUpa pariNAma prakaTa karane yogya upAdeya tathA karma se asambaddha, svAdhIna, sthAyI sukharUpa pariNAma mokSa, prakaTa karane yogya parama upAdeya tattva haiN| tattva vyavasthA meM Azraya yogya nijatattva aura bAkI sabhI ko paratattva rUpa jAnakara sva- para bhedajJAna rUpa samyaktva lakSaNa bhI kramika vikAsa rUpa hai| sva-para bhedabhAva pUrvaka mAtra nijAzrita pariNati, svabhAva Azrita pariNAma, svAdhIna pariNAma svarUpa AtmA kA zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai| 4. www. kobatirth.org mokSArthI jIva kA kramika pravartana sacce deva - zAstra - guru kI zaraNa meM Akara, tattva vyavasthA se paricita hokara, sva ko Azraya yogya aura anya sabhI ko udAsIna hone yogya jAnakara mAtra jJAna svabhAvI svatattva meM santuSTi rUpa hotA hai, taba yaha jIva samyaktva rUpa sukha ko pAtA hai / virale hI jIva isa samyagdarzana rUpI ratna se alaMkRta ho pAte haiM, jisakI sAmarthya to jIva mAtra meM hai, kintu kucha tAtkAlika yogyatAe~ Avazyaka haiM, jinameM bhavya, saMjJI paMcendriya, paryAptaka, vizuddhatara lezyA vAlA, anyAya - anIti - abhakSya sevana se virahita jAgRta jIva hI samyagdarzana ko prApta karane kA adhikArI hai| jina labdhiyoM pUrvaka yaha samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai, ve pA~ca haiM 1. 2. kSayopazama - karmoM ke kSayopazama se tattva - vicAra kI zakti kI upalabdhatA / vizuddhi - kaSAyoM kI mandatA janya svapuruSArtha ke lie pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA / dezanA - sacce - deva- - zAstra guru ke samAgama se samyak tattva zravaNa- manana 3. cintana dvArA AtmajAgRti ke lie taiyAra honA / prAyogya - pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatAvaza sattA meM rahe hue karmoM kI sthiti ghaTakara antaH kor3A - kor3I sAgara mAtra raha jAne rUpa tathA pratisamaya ba~dhane vAlI karma prakRttiyoM kA kSINa ho jAnA / karaNa - pariNAmoM kI uttarottara pratisamaya anantaguNI vizuddhi, jisameM adha:karaNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa rUpa AtmalakSI pariNAma ki jisake phala meM sva saMvedana rUpa samyagdarzana prakaTa ho jAtA hai / 5. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir yaha samyagdarzana 'tannisargAdadhigamAdvA' arthAt nisargaja aura adhigamaja ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai| 1. 2. jaba jIva binA kisI pratyakSa nimitta ke svAvalambI hotA hai, vaha nisargaja samyagdarzana kahalAtA hai / paropadeza pUrvaka prakaTa hone vAlA AtmalakSmI pariNAma adhigamaja samyagdarzana kahalAtA hai / inameM jAtismaraNa, dharmazravaNa, jinabimba darzana, vedanAnubhava, deva Rddhi darzana, jina 458 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #468
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org mahimA darzana Adi sahayogI hote haiM / rAga - vItarAga ke bheda se bhI samyagdarzana dvividha rUpa se Agama meM varNita hai / prazama, saMvega, anukampA aura Astikya Adi guNoM se abhivyakta rAga avasthA meM hone vAlA Atma-zraddhAna jisameM abhI rAga-dveSa rUpa cAritramoha kA manda udaya nimitta hone para bhI darzanamoha kA upazama, kSaya yA kSayopazama rUpa avirati yA dezavirati rUpa mokSamArga prakaTa hotA hai, vaha sarAga samyagdarzana hai / jahA~ rAgAdi vikRta pariNAmoM se rahita mAtra zuddhopayoga rUpa pariNati hI hotI hai ki jisameM zreNI ArohaNapUrvaka kevalajJAna taka kA udbhava ho jAtA hai ? vaha vItarAga samyagdarzana hai| yaha vItarAga cAritra kA avinAbhAvI hotA hai 1 2. 3. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nizcaya-vyavahAra samyagdarzana ke rUpa meM bhI samyagdarzana do bheda vAlA kathita hai-- zuddha Atma tattva kI yathArtha pratIti rUpa zraddhAnabhAva nizcaya samyagdarzana hai aura isake sahayogI sva- para bhedavijJAna, tattva zraddhAna evaM Apta-Agama- - tapobhRta (devazAstra - guru) kI yathArtha zraddhA vyavahAra samyagdarzana hai| samyaktva virodhI karmoM ke upazama, kSayopazama, kSaya kI apekSA samyagdarzana trividha kahA gayA hai-- aSTa karma racita jaMjAla meM darzana mohanIya kI mithyAtva, samyakmithyAtva evaM samyaktva prakRti rUpa tIna tathA cAritra mohanIya janya anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha rUpa kaSAya catuSka ke upazamana pUrvaka utpanna hone vAlA nijAnandI svalakSya hI upazama samyaktva kahalAtA hai| isa samyaktva kI sthiti antarmuhUrta mAtra hai / ukta darzana mohanIya kI tInoM prakRtiyA~ tathA cAritra mohanIya kI anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka ke sarvathA kSaya se utpanna meruvat niSkampa, svasantuSTa AtmAvalokana hI kSAyika samyagdarzana kahalAtA hai / yaha samyaktva prApti uparAnta cira sthAyI hotA hai / isakI upalabdhi kevalI, zrutakevalI ke pAdamUla meM hI sambhavita hotI hai / isa mohanIya karma kI darzanamoha sambandhI mithyAtva, samyak mithyAtva tathA cAritramoha sambandhI anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka rUpa chaha sarvaghAtI prakRtiyoM kA udayAbhAvI kSaya, inhIM prakRtiyoM kA sadavasthA meM upazama rUpa avasthA tathA dezaghAtI vAlI samyaktva prakRti ke udaya meM jo tattvArtha zraddhAna hotA hai, vaha kSayopazama samyagdarzana hotA hai / AjJA, mArga, upadeza, sUtra, bIja, saMkSepa, vistAra, artha, avagAr3ha, paramAvagAr3ha ruci ke bheda se bhI samyagdarzana ke daza prakAra vibhakta kie gaye haiM 1. AjJA samyaktva - vItarAga jinendra kI AjJA mAtra ke zraddhAna se udbhUta samyagdarzana / mArga samyaktva - mokSamArga ko kalyANakArI samajhakara usa para acala zraddhAna / upadeza samyaktva - tiresaTha zalAkA puruSoM ke caritra zravaNa se utpanna zraddhAna / dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 459 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #469
4. sUtra samyaktva-munirAjoM ke caritra nirUpaka zAstroM ke zravaNa se utpanna shrddhaan| bIja samyaktva-bIja padoM ke jJAna pUrvaka hone vAlA asAdhAraNa upazamavaza shrddhaan| 6. saMkSepa samyaktva-saMkSipta tAttvika vivecana ke zravaNa se utpanna tattva shrddhaan| 7. vistAra samyaktva-aMga-pUrva ke viSaya, pramANa, nayAdi ke vistRta tattvavivecanotpanna smykshrddhaan| artha samyaktva-vacana vistAra binA kevala artha grahaNa se utpanna tattva shrddhaan| avagAr3ha samyaktva-AcArAMgAdi dvAdazAMga ke sAtha aMgabAhya zruta-avagAhana se utpanna dRr3ha shrddhaan| 10. paramAvagAr3ha samyaktva-paramAvadhi yA kevalajJAna-darzana se prakAzita jIvAdi padArtha viSayaka prakAza meM jinakI AtmA vizuddha hai, ve paramAvagAr3ha ruci samyaktva yukta haiN| ukta vividha bhA~ti varNita aneka bheda yukta samyagdarzana vAstava meM Atma vinizciti rUpa hI hai| asti rUpa meM to samyagdarzana meM mAtra svatattvabhUta jJAnAnandamayI anAdiananta upayogamayI, svanirmita, sahaja, prakaTa Atmatattva kA zraddhAna hI hai| nAsti rUpa meM karmoM kA upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama AdirUpa aneka taraha se varNana kiyA hI gayA hai| yaha samyagdarzana ina aSTa aMgoM se suzobhita hotA hai (1) ni:zaMkita-jinendra kathita vyavasthita vizva vyavasthA ko svabhAva se niyata, sthAyI tathA avasthA se kSaNika jAna kara aura usameM apane ko anAdi-nidhana, jJAtAdRSTA rUpa mAnane meM ni:zaMkatA pUrvaka ihaloka, paraloka, arakSA, agupti, maraNa, vedanA aura akasmAt rUpa sAtoM bhayoM se rahita avicala AsthA rkhnaa| (2) ni:kAMkSita-zubha rUpa ihaloka tathA paraloka sambandhI karmaphaloM tathA kudharmoM kI abhilASA rahita nija Atmottha sukharUpI amRta rasa meM santuSTi hI ni:kAMkSitatA hai| (3) nirvicikitsA-samasta rAga-dveSa Adi rUpa malina vikalpa taraMgoM kA tyAga karake nirmala AtmAnubhava lakSaNa nija zuddhAtmA meM sthiti ke bala se sabhI vastu dharmoM yA svabhAvoM meM athavA durgandhAdi viSayoM meM glAni yA jugupsA nahIM karanA, nindA nahIM karanA, dveSa nahIM karanA hI nirvicikitsA aMga hai| (4) amUDhadRSTi-antaraMga aura bahiraMga tattva nirNaya ke bala se mithyAtva rAgAdi 460 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #470
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zubha-azubha saMkalpa vikalpoM meM iSTa-aniSTa buddhi se rahita, vizuddha darzana -jJAnasvabhAvI nijAtmA meM nizcala sthiti hone se kudeva meM devabuddhi, kudharma-adharma meM dharmabuddhi tathA kuguru meM gurubuddhi nahIM honA hI amUDhadRSTi hai / (5) upagUhana - jo cetayitA siddhoM kI, zuddhAtmA kI bhakti se yukta hai aura para vastuoM ke sarvadharmoM ko gopana karane vAlA hai arthAt rAgAdi bhAvoM se yukta nahIM hotA hai / pavitra jinadharma kI ajJAnI asamartha janoM ke Azraya se utpanna huI nindA ko dUra karatA hai, vaha upagUhana guNadhArI hai| (6) sthitikaraNa - kaSAyodaya Adi se dharmabhraSTa hone ke kAraNa milane para bhI apane dharma se cyuta nahIM honA, nirantara mArga meM sthApita rahanA tathA anya ko bhI patanonmukha dekhakara dharmabuddhi rakhate hue samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra meM dRr3ha karanA sthitikaraNa aMga hai| (7) vAtsalya - jinadharma aura jinadharma dhAraka dharmAtmA janoM meM antaraMga prIti rakhanA / jaise ki gAya ke hRdaya meM tatkAla janme bachar3e ke prati akAraNa agAdha prIti hotI hai, vAtsalya aMga hai / (8) prabhAvanA - vidyA rUpI ratha para ArUr3ha huA, jJAna rUpI ratha ke calane ke mArga meM svayaM bhramaNa karatA hai, vaha jinendra bhagavAna ke jJAna kI prabhAvanA karane vAlA samyagdRSTi hai tathA jina pravacana kI kIrti, vistAra yA vRddhi karanA jisakA jIvana hai, vaha jinadharma prabhAvaka jAnanA caahie| jinAgama meM vistAra se ina aMgoM meM prasiddha mahApuruSoM kA ullekha bhI pAyA jAtA hai / unake nAma kramazaH nimna haiM, jinakI kathAoM ko 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' Adi granthoM se vistRta jAnanA cAhie (1) aMjana cora, (2) anantamatI, (3) uddAyana rAjA, (4) rAnI revatI, (5) jinabhakta seTha, (6) vAriSeNa munirAja, (7) munirAja viSNukumAra (8) munirAja vajrakumAra / pavitra samyagdarzana meM sambhavita doSa paccIsa kahe gae haiM, jinake hone para samyagdarzana kalaMkita hotA hai athavA samyagdarzana ho hI nahIM pAtA hai ATha doSa : 1. zaMkA- vItarAga jinopadiSTa tattvoM meM vizvAsa na kara unake prati sazaMkita rahanA / 2. kAMkSA - bhautika bhogopabhoga evaM aihika sukhoM kI apekSA rakhanA / 3. vicikitsA - ratnatraya ke prati anAdara rakhate hue dharmAtmA janoM ke upekSita malina zarIra ko dekhakara unase glAni, ghRNA karanA / dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 461 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #471
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 6. 4. mUDhadRSTi - satya-asatya kA vicAra- viveka kiye binA unmArga aura unmArgiyoM ke prati jhukAva honA / 5. anupagUhana - Atma prazaMsA aura para nindA kA bhAva rakhate hue dharmAtmAjanoM ke kAdAcitka doSoM ko ujAgara kara dharmamArga kI nindA karanA / asthitikaraNa - kaSAya va pramAda Adi kAraNoM se dharma se skhalita hote hue svayaM yA anya dharmAtmAjanoM ko dharma mArga meM sthira karane kA prayAsa na karanA / avAtsalya-sAdharmI janoM se prema nahIM karanA, unase mAtsarya aura vidveSa rakhanA / 7. 8. www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir aprabhAvanA - apane khoTe zraddhAna va AcaraNa pravRttiyoM se dharma mArga ko kalaMkita karanA va dharma mArga ke pracAra-prasAra meM sahabhAgI na bananA / ATha mada kSaNika saMyogoM / bhautika upalabdhiyoM meM madahoza hokara ghamaNDa meM cUra rahanA mada kahalAtA hai / nimittoM kI apekSA se mada ATha prakAra ke haiM 1. jJAnamada - thor3A jJAna pAkara apane-Apako bar3A jJAnI samajhanA aura yaha mAnanA ki mujhase bar3A jJAnI koI aura nahIM hai, jJAnamada hai / yaha ajJAniyoM ko hI hotA hai / 2. pUjAmada - apanI pUjA, pratiSThA yA laukika sammAna ke garva meM cUra rahanA pUjA mada hai| 3. kulamada - apane pitRpakSa kI uccatA kA garva karanA kulamada hai| 4. jAtimada - apane mAtRpakSa kI uccatAvaza abhimAnI rahanA jAtimada hai / 5. balamada - zArIrika bala ke kAraNa apane ko balavAna samajhate hue anya sabhI ko nirbala samajhanA, tajjanya mada ko balamada kahate haiM / 6. Rddhi / aizvaryamada - dhana, vaibhava, aizvarya pAkara yA tapojanita Rddhi ke abhimAnI bane rahanA Rddhi mada hai| 7. tapamada - svayaM ko sabase bar3A tapasvI samajhate hue anya sAdhakoM ko tuccha samajhanA tapamada hai / ke 8. rUpamada - daihika sundaratA ke bala para apane ko rUpavAna mAnakara sundaratA ghamaNDa meM rahanA rUpamada hai| 462 :: jainadharma paricaya tIna mUr3hatA mUr3hatA kA artha hai dhArmika andha vizvAsa | Atmahita kA vicAra kie binA hI For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #472
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir andha zraddhAlu banakara ajJAnapUrNa pravRtti karanA mUr3hatA hai / mUr3hatA tIna prakAra kI hai1. devamUr3hatA - laukika phala yA varadAna kI abhilASA se rAga-dveSAdi se malina devI-devatAoM meM zraddhA, Adara, pUjya bhAva rakhanA / 2. lokamUr3hatA - aihika phala kI AkAMkSA evaM dharmabuddhi se nadI, sAgara Adi snAna karanA, parvata se kUdanA, agni meM praveza karanA, pattharoM kA Dhera lagA kara pUjanA ityAdi kA pUjyabhAva / 3. gurumUr3hatA -- Arambha, parigraha, hiMsA se yukta aura saMsAra meM Dubone vAle kAryoM meM lIna rAgI - dveSI sAdhuoM, guruoM kI zraddhA karanA, satkAra krnaa| chaha anAyatana Ayatana arthAt ghara, AvAsa yA Azraya hai / samyagdarzana ke prakaraNa meM dharma ke Ayatana artha dharma kA ghara, sthAna, AvAsa, Azraya hai / isake viparIta adharma, mithyAtva ke ghara AvAsa ko anAyatana kahate haiM / anAyatana chaha haiM--(1) kuguru, (2) kudeva, (3) kudharma, (4) kuguru sevaka, (5) kudeva sevaka, (6) kudharma sevaka yA ArAdhaka / ye chahoM mithyAtva ke poSaka hone se hamAre citta kI malinatA aura saMsAra ke abhivardhaka haiM / bhaya, AzA, sneha aura lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara inakI pUjA ArAdhanA karanA aura bhakti prazaMsA karanA samyagdarzana ke chaha anAyatana rUpa doSa haiM / samyagdarzana kI mahimA adbhuta hai ki jisameM jIva svatantra, nizcinta, nirbhaya aura nirAkula ho jAtA hai / samyagdarzana kA mAhAtmya gAne ke lie samasta jinAgama paramparA ne apanI saMstuti evaM abhivyakti dI hai / katipaya uddharaNa dRSTavya haiM-- AcArya zivakoTi munirAja ne 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM Nagarassa jaha duvAraM muhassa cakkhU tarussa jaha mUlaM / taha jANa susammattaM NANa caraNa vIriya tavANaM // 735 // daMsaNabhaTTa bhaTTo daMsaNabhaTTassa Natthi NivvANaM / sijjhati cariyabhaTTA daMsaNabhaTTA Na sijjhati // 737 // arthAt nagara meM jisa prakAra dvAra pradhAna hai, mukha meM jisa prakAra cakSu pradhAna hai tathA vRkSa meM jisa prakAra mUla pradhAna hai, usI prakAra jJAna, caritra, vIrya aura tapa ArAdhanAoM meM eka samyaktva hI pradhAna hai I darzana bhraSTa hI vAstava meM bhraSTa hai, kyoMki darzana bhraSTa ko kabhI nirvANa nahIM hotA / caritra bhraSTa ko to nirvANa ho sakatA hai, kintu darzanabhraSTa ko kabhI nahIM / AcArya kundakunda svAmI 'mokSapAhur3a' meM likhate haiM dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 463 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #473
dasaNasuddho suddho daMsaNasuddho lahei nnivvaannN| dasaNavihINa puriso Na lahai taM icchiyaM lAhaM / / 39 / / samyagdarzana se zuddha hI vAstava meM zuddha hai, kyoMki darzana zuddha hI nirvANa ko prApta karate haiN| darzana vihIna puruSa iSTalAbha arthAt mokSasukha ko prApta nahIM krte| jaha Navi lahadi hu lakkhaM rahiyo kaMDassa vejjhaya vihiinno| taha Navi lakkhadi lakkhaM aNNANI mokkhamaggassa // bodha pAhuDa 21 // jaise bANa rahita bedhaka dhanuSa ke abhyAsa se rahita hotA huA nizAne ko prApta nahIM karatA hai, vaise hI ajJAnI mithyAdRSTi mokSamArga ke lakSyabhUta paramAtma tattva ko prApta nahIM karatA hai| jaha tArayANa caMdo mayarAo mayaulANa svvaannN| ahiyo taha sammato risi sAvaya duvihdhmmaannN|| bhAva pAhuDa 144 / / jaise tArAoM meM candra aura samasta mRgakuloM (pazuoM) meM mRgarAja siMha pradhAna hai, usI prakAra muni aura zrAvaka donoM dharmoM meM samyaktva pradhAna hai| AcArya zubhacandra viracita 'jJAnArNava' grantha meM caraNajJAnayorbIjaM yamaprazamajIvitam / tapaH zrutAdhiSThAnaM sadbhiH saddarzanaM matam / / 54 / / satpuruSoM ne samyagdarzana ko cAritra va jJAna kA bIja, yama va prazama kA jIvana, tathA tapa va svAdhyAya kA Azraya mAnA hai| AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' meM vidyA vRttasya saMbhUti sthiti vRddhi phlodyaaH| na santyasati samyaktve bIjAbhAve taroriva // 32 // jaise bIja ke abhAva meM vRkSa nahIM hotA, vaise hI samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM jJAna aura cAritra kI utpatti, sthiti, vRddhi aura phala kI utpatti nahIM hotii| isI se samyagdarzana jJAna aura cAritra se utkRSTa hai| na samyaktvasamaM kiMcit traikAlye trijgtypi| zreyo' zreyazca mithyAtvasamaM nAnyattanUbhRtAm // 34 // tInoM kAloM aura tInoM lokoM meM prANiyoM ko samyagdarzana ke samAna koI kalyANakArI nahIM hai aura mithyAtva ke samAna koI akalyANakArI nahIM hai| 464 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #474
darzanaM jJAnacAritrAtsAdhimAnamupAznute / darzanaM karNadhAraM tanmokSamArge pracakSate // 31 / / jJAna aura cAritra se samyagdarzana zreSTha hai; kyoMki vaha mokSamArga meM karNadhAra kahA jAtA hai| __ vaidika vAGmaya ke 'manuHsmRti' grantha meM bhI samyaktva kI mahimA isa prakAra gAyI gaI hai| samyagdarzanasampannaH karmabhirna nibadhyate / darzanena vihInastu saMsAraM pratipadyate // 6/74 // arthAt samyagdarzana sampanna jIva karmoM se nahIM ba~dhatA hai aura darzana se vihIna hI saMsAra kahA jAtA hai| nirNaya svarUpa meM yahI jAnane yogya hai ki samyaktva ke sAtha hI jJAna va cAritra kI sArthakatA hai| samyagdarzana se rahita jJAna, cAritra va tapa saba nirarthaka haiN| ata: ratnatraya meM sabase prathama samyagdarzana ko hI apanAne kA prayatna karanA caahie| usake binA ananta saMsAra zAnta nahIM ho sktaa| jabaki mAtra eka bAra antarmuhUrta ke lie bhI samyagdarzana hone se ananta saMsAra zAnta ho jAtA hai| samyak jJAna AcArya samantabhadra viracita 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' grantha meM samyak jJAna ko isa prakAra paribhASita kiyA gayA hai anyUnamanatiriktaM yathAtathyaM binA ca viparItAt / ni:sandehaM veda ydaahustjjnyaanmaagminH|| 42 / / jo jJAna vastu ke svarUpa ko nyUnatA rahita, adhikatA rahita, viparItatA rahita, jaisA kA taisA, sandeha rahita jAnatA hai, usako Agama ke jJAtA puruSa samyagjJAna kahate haiN| 'dravya saMgraha' grantha meM siddhAntacakravartI AcArya nemicandra svAmI bhI likhate haiM saMsaya vimoha vibbhama vivajjiyaM appprsruvss| gahaNaM sammaNNANaM sAyAramaNeyabheyaM tu|| 42 / / AtmasvarUpa aura anya padArtha ke svarUpa ko jo saMzaya, vimoha aura vibhrama (viparyaya) rUpa kujJAna se rahita jAnatA hai, vaha samyagjJAna hai| jAnane vAlA jJAna jisakA hai, use jAno, vahI jJAna samyagjJAna hai, yahI samyagjJAna dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 465 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #475
kI vAstavikatA hai| nirUpaNa (kathana) apekSA se jinameM jJAna nahIM pAyA jAtA aise ajIva aura jinameM jJAna pAyA jAtA hai, aise anya jIvoM se jo apane ko bhinna jAnatA hai, vahI hitakArI samyagjJAna hai| sampUrNa vizva do prakAra ke padArthoM meM vibhakta karane yogya hai- (eka) jJAtA, (dUsarA) jnyey| jJAtA vaha hai, jo jAnatA hai jJAtA ko aura jJeyoM ko bhI, parantu jJeya ve haiM jo jAnane vAle kI jJAna svacchatA meM janAte haiN| jJeyoM ko bhI do prakAra se vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai (1) svajJeya, (2) prjnyey| jo svayaM jAnatA hai aura svayaM apane ko janAtA hai, vaha svajJeya aura jo mAtra jJAna kI svacchatA meM jAnane meM Ate haiM, parantu jinameM merA jJAna pAyA nahIM jAtA hai, ve parajJeya haiN| jisa jJAna meM svajJeya hI pramukha rahA, vaha samyagjJAna hai| isI samyagjJAna ko nAsti se kaheM, to jo jJAna parajJeyoM se vimukha rahA, vaha samyagjJAna kahA jAtA hai| jo jJAna parajJeyoM ke prati unmukha huA, vaha vikalpa jAla meM ulajhA huA mithyAjJAna rUpa rahatA hai| paM. daulatarAma jI ne 'chahaDhAlA' meM kahA hai Apa rUpa ko jAnapano so samyagjJAna kalA hai|| 3/2 arthAt apane ko Apa rUpa jAnane vAlI adbhuta kalA kA nAma hI samyagjJAna hai| yaha samyagjJAna samyagdarzana-pUrvaka hI hotA hai| samyagdarzana vastutattva ke bhedavijJAnapUrvaka hotA hai| jJAna kA upayoga samyagdarzana ke lie bhI cAhie aura samyagdarzana uparAnta Atma sthiratA rUpa samyak cAritra ke lie bhii| ___ samyagdarzana se pUrva jo jJAna kA upayoga hotA hai, vaha bhedajJAna nAma pAtA hai aura samyak cAritra ke lie jo Avazyaka hai, vaha samyagjJAna hai| isIlie sUtra meM samyagjJAna ko mokSamArga nirUpaNa meM madhya sthAna prApta hai- "samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokssmaargH|" AtmA ke ananta guNoM meM jJAna kA nAma sarvaprathama pramukha rUpa se AtA hai| yahI vaha vizeSatA hai ki jisase yaha AtmA apane lakSaNoM rUpa prasiddha hotA hai aura para se bhinna rUpa meM bhI prasiddha hotA hai, aura para kI prasiddhi rUpa para-prakAzaka-pane bhI prasiddha hotA hai| 'bRhannayacakra' meM AcArya devasena svAmI ne uddhRta kiyA hai NiyadavvajANaNa8 iyaraM kahiyaM jiNehiM chadadavvaM / tamhA para chaddavve jANagabhAvo Na hoi saNNANaM / / 284 / / jinendra bhagavAna ne nijadravya ko jAnane ke lie hI anya chaha dravyoM kA kathana 466 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #476
kiyA hai, ata: mAtra una pararUpa chaha dravyoM kA jAnanA samyagjJAna nahIM hai| sva-para kA bheda karAne vAle vikalparUpa vyavahAra jJAna ke dvArA sAdhya nizcaya jJAna kA kathana karate haiN| jinAgamopadeza zravaNa-paThana-cintana rUpa vyavahAra jJAna se Sadravya Adi kA parijJAna hai aura nizcaya se nijaniraMjana zuddhAtma saMvitti se utpanna paramAnanda rUpa eka lakSaNa vAle sukhAmRta ke rasAsvAda rUpa sva-saMvedana jJAna hai| jJAna kI ArAdhanA ko prerita karate hue AcArya zubhacandra ne 'jJAnArNava' meM kahA haiduritatimirahaMsaM mokSalakSmIsarojaM madanabhujagamantraM cittamAtaGgasiMham / vyasanaghanasamIraM vizvatattvaikadIpaM, viSayazapharajAlaM jJAnamArAdhayatvam / / 7/22 he bhavya ! tU jJAna kA ArAdhana kara; kyoMki jJAna pAparUpI timira naSTa karane ke lie sUrya ke samAna hai, mokSarUpI lakSmI ke nivAsa karane ke lie kamala ke samAna hai, kAmarUpI sarpa ke kIlane ko mantra ke samAna hai, manarUpI hastI ko siMha ke samAna hai, ApadArUpI meghoM ko ur3Ane ke lie pavana ke samAna hai, samasta tattvoM ke prakAza ke lie dIpaka ke samAna hai tathA viSayarUpI matsyoM ko pakar3ane ke lie jAla ke samAna hai| aise nija jJAna svabhAva kI mahimA se Anandita rahate hue jJAnarata rahanA hI samyagjJAna samyagjJAna ke aMga samyagdarzana kI taraha samyagjJAna ke bhI ATha aMga nirUpita kie gaye haiM1. zabdAcAra-mUla grantha ke varNa, pada, vAkya ko zuddha pddh'naa| 2. arthAcAra-anekAnta svarUpa artha ko ThIka-ThIka smjhnaa| 3. ubhayAcAra-artha ko ThIka-ThIka samajhate hue pAThAdika zuddha pddh'naa| 4. kAlAcAra-sAmAyika ke kAla meM na par3hakara svAdhyAya yogya kAla meM hI zAstra pddh'naa| digdAha, ulkApAta, candra-sUrya-grahaNa, saMdhyAkAla Adi meM mUla zAstra nahIM par3hanA caahie| sAmAyika utkRSTa kArya hai| sAmAyika ko chor3akara svAdhyAya nahIM honA caahie| 5. vinayAcAra-dravya, kSetra Adi kI zuddhi ke sAtha mana-vacana-kAya se zAstra kA vinaya krnaa| 6. upadhAnAcAra-zAstra ke mUla evaM artha kA bAra-bAra smaraNa karanA use vismRta nahIM hone denA, athavA niyama-vizeSa-pUrvaka paThana-pAThana karanA upadhAnAcAra 7. bahumAnAcAra-jJAna ke upakaraNa evaM gurujanoM kI vinaya krnaa| 8. anihnavAcAra-jisa zAstra yA guru se jJAna prApta kiyA hai, unakA nAma na dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 467 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #477
chipaanaa| ukta ATha aMgoM ke pAlana se samyagjJAna puSTa evaM pariSkRta hotA hai| 'mahApurANa' grantha meM AcArya jinasena evaM AcArya guNabhadrasvAmI ne isa samyagjJAna kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ bhI vyakta kI haiM vAcanA pRccha ne sAnuprekSaNaM parivartanam / saddharmadezanaM ceti jJAtavyAH jnyaanbhaavnaa|| 21 sarga/96 zloka zAstroM kA svayaM par3hanA, dUsaroM se pUchanA, padArtha svarUpa kA punaH punaH cintavana karanA, zloka Adi kaNThastha karanA tathA samIcIna dharma kA upadeza denA,- ye pA~ca jJAna kI bhAvanAe~ jAnanI caahie| samyak cAritra . AcAryavara kundakundasvAmI ne pramANa vAkya rUpa meM pravacanasAra' grantha ke Arambha meM dharma ko cAritra svarUpa kahA hai| cArittaM khalu dhammo, dhammo jo so samo tti nniddittttho| moha kkhoha vihINo, pariNAmo appaNo hu smo||7|| arthAt cAritra vAstava meM dharma hai| jo dharma hai, vaha sAmya hai yA samatA rUpa hai, aisA kahA hai aura sAmya moha-kSobha se rahita AtmA kA pariNAma hai| 'darzana pAhur3a' meM upadiSTa 'dharma kA mUla samyagdarzana hai' (daMsaNamUlo dhammo) isa lakSaNa ko par3hakara jAgarukatA ke abhAva meM ajJAnatA vaza bhrama paidA hotA hai ki dharma samyagdarzana rUpa hai yA samyakcAritra rUpa hai?... kintu yadi zabda-prayoga ko jAgarUkatA pUrvaka dekhA jAe, to bhrama svayameva naSTa ho jAtA hai| darzana ke sAtha prayukta 'mUla' zabda nIMva rUpa dharma kA udghoSaka hai aura cAritra ke sAtha 'khalu' zabda 'vAstava meM dharma hai' kaha kara nirdeza kiyA hai ki samyagdarzana pUrvaka hone vAlA cAritra hI samyakcAritra rUpa hotA hai| samyagdarzana ke binA cAritra kI utpatti, sthiti, vRddhi, phalAgama meM se kucha bhI sambhava nahIM hai| AcArya umAsvAmI mahArAja ne bhI tattvArtha sUtra' meM 'samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokSamArgaH' meM samyagdarzana ko prathama kAraNa rUpa hI prastuta kiyA hai| samyagdarzana pUrvaka hI samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritra hote haiM aura samyakcAritra ko anta meM rakhane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha samyakcAritra mokSa kI prApti kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai arthAt jaise samyagdarzana ke binA samyakcAritra nahIM hotA, usI prakAra samyakcAritra ke binA mokSa kI prApti nahIM hotii| isa prakAra samyakcAritra hI yathArtha meM dharma hai| usakI ArAdhanA meM saba ArAdhanAe~ 468 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #478
samAviSTa haiM, kintu jagat dRSTi kA cAritra dhAraNa kara lene se hI samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kI prApti nahIM ho jaatii| jaise yadi kisI ne munidIkSA le lii| vaha munidIkSA le lene mAtra se apane Apako samyagdarzana kI bhI prApti huI mAna le, to yaha ajJAna hI hai| isI se samasta jinAgama meM samyakcAritra dhAraNa karane se pahale samyagdarzana kI prApti ke lie prayatna karanA Avazyaka batalAyA hai| samyagdarzana ke binA dhAraNa kiyA gayA jainAcAra bhI samyakcAritra nahIM khlaataa| cAritra dhAraNa se pUrva yaha nizcaya kara lenA cAhie ki hama isa cAritra ko kyoM dhAraNa kara rahe haiN| usakA lakSya yA uddezya kyA hai? dharma kA lakSya to paMcaparAvartana rUpa duHkhamayI saMsAra se chur3Akara uttama, avinAzI, svAdhIna sukha arthAt mokSa kI prApti hai aura vaha saMsAra ke duHkhoM ke mUlakAraNa karmabandhana rUpa moha-ajJAna bhAva ko naSTa kiye binA sambhava nahIM hai| ata: saccA, yathArtha dharma vahI hai, jisase karmabandhana kaTate haiN| aisI dRSTi se jo dharmAcaraNa karatA hai, vahI yathArtha meM dharmAtmA hotA hai| aisI dRSTi ke lie mokSa kA zraddhAna honA Avazyaka hai| yadi mokSa kA hI zraddhAna na ho, to mokSa ke uddezya se dharmAcaraNa kI bhAvanA kaise ho sakatI hai? mokSa ke zraddhAna ke lie AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA zraddhAna honA Avazyaka hai| jo AtmA ke isa zuddha svarUpa kI zraddhA karake usakI prApti kI bhAvanA se dharmAcaraNa karatA hai, vaha saMsAra ke viSaya-janya sukha meM upAdeya buddhi nahIM rakhatA hai| sva-para padArthoM ke bheda vijJAna pUrvaka jaise-jaise uttama tattva arthAt zuddha AtmA kA svarUpa jAnane, anubhava meM Ane lagatA hai, vaise-vaise hI sahaja upalabdha ramaNIya paMcendriya viSaya bhI arucikara pratIta hone lagate haiN| yadi jIva kI viSaya-bhogajanya sukha meM upAdeya buddhi hai arthAt ve acche lagate haiM to yaha jIva to Asrava-bandha ko acchA samajhatA hai, saMsAra ruci vAlA hai, vaha mokSasukha kI prApti ke lie prayatna hI nahIM kara rahA hai aura aisI sthiti meM samasta dharmAcaraNa saMsAra kI prApti, vRddhi evaM duHkharUpa phala kA hI kAraNa hai| AcArya kundakundasvAmI ne 'samayasAra' meM kahA hai saddahadi ya pattedi ya, rocedi ya taha puNo ya phaasedi| dhamma bhoga-NimittaM, Na du so kammakkhayaNimittaM // 275 // arthAt vaha (abhavyajIva) bhoga ke nimittarUpa dharma kI hI zraddhA karatA hai, usI kI pratIti karatA hai| usI kI ruci karatA hai aura usI kA sparza karatA hai, parantu karmakSaya meM nimitta rUpa dharma kI nahIM (arthAt karmakSaya ke nimitta rUpa dharma kI na to zraddhA karatA hai, na usakI pratIti karatA hai, na ruci karatA hai, aura na hI usakA sparza karatA hai|) dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 469 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #479
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kintu isakA matalaba yaha bhI nahIM hai ki dharma karane se sAMsArika sukha prApta nahIM hotA / are! jisa dharma kI ArAdhanA se pAramArthika mokSa- sukha prApta hotA hai, usase kyA sAMsArika sukha prApta nahIM ho sakatA ? jisa khetI ke karane se anna prApta hotA hai, usase kyA bhUsA bhI prApta nahIM hogA ? prApta to hogA, kintu koI kisAna bhUse kI icchA se khetI nahIM karatA / bhUse kI icchA kisAna ko nahIM, apitu pazuoM ko hI hotI hai, kyoMki kisAna to yaha jAnatA hai ki anna kI upaja para bhUsA to svayameva / anAyAsa hI mila jAtA hai| khetI kA mukhya phala anna hai, bhUsA nahIM / usI prakAra dharma puruSArtha kA bhI mukhya phala mokSa hai| isa mokSa puruSArtharata jIva ke abuddhipUrvaka hiMsAdi pApoM ke tathA krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke abhAva hone kI dazA meM binA prayAsa - puruSArtha ke utkRSTa puNya kA saMcaya svayameva hotA rahatA hai / jisase anukUla lagane vAle sAMsArika sukha svayameva milate rahate haiM / jJAnI dharmAtmA isa sAMsArika sukha kI prApti ke lie dharma nahIM karatA / sAMsArika, kAlpanika sukha kI icchA mokSArthI jIva ko nahIM hotI, apitu saMsAravRddhi icchuka jIva ko hI hotI hai / svasvarUpa meM ramanA so cAritra hai / sva samaya meM arthAt svabhAva meM pravRtti karanA yaha isakA artha hai / yaha vastu (AtmA) kA svabhAva hone se dharma hai| bheda isa pUjya samyak cAritra ko hI nizcaya cAritra-vyavahAra cAritra rUpa se yA antaraMgabahiraMga cAritra rUpa se tathA sarAga - vItarAga cAritra ke bheda se do-do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai / sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAra vizuddhi, sUkSma sAmparAya aura yathAkhyAta ke rUpa meM avasthAgata bheda se pA~ca prakAra kA bhI varNita kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya evaM aparigraha rUpa paMca mahAvrata, IrSyA, bhASA, aiSaNA, AdAna nikSepaNa tathA pratiSThApana rUpa pA~ca samiti tathA mana-vacana-kAya (indriya-mana) kI pravRtti kA nigraha rUpa tIna gupti| isa taraha 5+5+ 3 = 13 prakAra kA cAritra bhI Agama meM nirdiSTa hai| ukta bhedoM meM prathama nizcaya tathA antaraMga rUpa cAritra to nija AtmAdhIna sthAyI, Ananda bhoga rUpa pariNAma hai, yaha vidhi rUpa yA pravRtti rUpa svakArya hai / yahI karaNIya hai, isake hone para hI jIva cAritravanta hotA hai aura isake binA cAritra kI utpatti hI nahIM, phira vRddhi, sthiti aura phalAgama kI kalpanA hI bemAnI hai / sAmAyika Adi paMcabheda yuktatA kA svarUpa nimna prakAra se jJAtavya evaM dhyAtavya hai (1) sAmAyika - zatru - mitra va bandhuvarga meM, sukha-duHkha meM, prazaMsA - nindA meM, svarNalohapASANa meM, jIvana-maraNa meM, saMyoga-viyoga meM, priya-apriya meM, rAga-dveSa ke abhAva 470 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #480
rUpa samatA ke pariNAmoM meM sAmAyika hotI hai| Atma svabhAva meM sthiratA rUpa pariNAmoM meM, sarva sAvadya (pApa) yoga se nivRtti rUpa sAmAyika hotI hai| tInoM hI saMndhyAoM meM, yA pakSa aura mAsa ke sandhi dinoM meM yA apane icchita samaya meM bAhya aura antaraMga samasta kaSAyoM kA nirodha karanA sAmAyika hai| (2) chedopasthApanA-nirvikalpa sAmAyika saMyama kI pratijJAbaddhatA meM, jisameM ki vikalpoM kA sevana nahIM hotA, aisI dazA meM jIva Tika nahIM pAtA hai, taba vrata, samiti, gupti rUpa cheda ke dvArA punaH svayaM ko sAmAyika meM sthApita karanA yA vikalpAtmaka cAritra kA nAma chedopasthApanA hai|| (3) parihAra vizuddhi-mithyAtva, rAgAdi vikalpa maloM kA pratyAkhyAna arthAt tyAga karake, vizeSa rUpa se Atma-zuddhi athavA nirmalatA hI parihAra-vizuddhi hai| (4) sUkSma sAmparAya-sthUla-sUkSma prANiyoM ke vadha ke parihAra meM jo pUrI taraha apramatta haiM, jAgaruka haiN| atyanta nirvAdha, utsAhazIla, akhaNDita cAritra, jisane kaSAya ke viSa rUpa aMkuroM ko khoMTa diyA hai, sUkSma mohanIya karma ke bIja ko bhI jisane nAza ke mukha meM Dhakela diyA hai, usa parama sUkSma lobha vAle sAdhu ke sUkSma sAmparAya hotA hai| (5) yathAkhyAta-azubha rUpa mohanIya karma ke upazAnta athavA kSINa ho jAne para 'jaisA niSkampa sahaja zuddha svabhAva se kaSAya rahita AtmA kA svarUpa hai' vaisA hI AkhyAta arthAt kahA gayA hai, so yathAkhyAta cAritra hai| yathAkhyAta cAritra upazAnta kaSAya vItarAga chadmastha, kSINakaSAya vItarAga chadmastha, sayoga kevalI tathA ayogI kevalI ina cAra guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| ukta rUpa se samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritramayI eka mokSamArga dvArA hI samasta karmajAla rUpa dukha kA nAza hokara svAdhIna, avinAzI, yathArtha sukha mokSa pragaTa hotA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne 'samayasAra' meM saMkSepa meM yahI bAta kahI hai jIvAdI saddahaNaM sammattaM tesimadhigamo nnaannN| rAyAdI pariharaNaM caraNaM aiso hu mokkha pho|| 155 / / jIva Adi tattva kA zraddhAn samyagdarzana, jIva Adi tattva kA jJAna samyagjJAna evaM rAgAdi kA parihAra rUpa samyakcAritra, yahI mokSa-patha, mokSa-mArga hai| dhyAna, bhAvanA evaM mokSamArga :: 471 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #481
dharma aura vijJAna DaoN. nalina ke. zAstrI deha meM rahakara videha kI sAdhanA kA phalasaphA : jainadharma-utthAnikA jainadharma eka aisA pavitra anuSThAna hai, jisakA uddezya AtmA kA zuddhikaraNa hai| yaha eka aisA dharma hai; jo na to milatA hai gA~va meM, na kahIM jaMgala meM, na hI pahAr3oM ke zikharoM para, na kisI maTha meM, pratyuta yaha to spandita hotA hai manuSya kI antarAtmA meN| satya ke sadana meM aMhisA ke avataraNa kA nAma hai jaindhrm| acaurya ke AcaraNa aura aparigraha ke anukaraNa kA nAma hai jaindhrm| anekAntavAda ke AkAza meM utsarga kI ur3Ana kA nAma hai jaindhrm| avaira kI abhivyakti aura kSamA kI zakti kA nAma hai jainadharma / sahiSNutA kI sAtvikatA aura saMyama ke sAmarthya kA nAma hai jainadharma / sadbhAva se sarokAra aura samatA ke sUtradhAra kA nAma hai jaindhrm| jainadharma, samatA ke sUjana aura viSamatA ke visarjana kA sRjanAtmaka nAma bhI hai| samatva kI sAdhanA aura kSamatva kI ArAdhanA hI jainadharma kI cetanA aura cintana hai| eka vAkya meM kaheM, to jainadharma, ahiMsA kI AsandI- yAnI prema aura samatva se, saMyama ke ratnatrayI mArga kI mokSamayI sAdhanA kA mArga prazasta karatA hai| jainadharma ke vicAroM ko kisI kAla, deza athavA sampradAya kI sImA meM nahIM bA~dhA jA sktaa| yaha prANI-mAtra kA dharma hai| dharma kA hRdaya anekAnta hai aura anekAnta kA hRdaya hai smtaa| samatA kA artha hai paraspara sahayoga, samanvaya, sadbhAvanA, sahAnubhUti evaM shjtaa| sAdhanA kI siddhi bahirAtmA ke antarAtmA kI prakriyA se gujarakara svayaM paramAtmA ho jAne meM haiN| deha meM rahakara videha kI sAdhanA kA phalasaphA yadi kahIM para racA basA hai, to vaha hai jainadharma / zarIra AtmA kA praveza dvAra hai| zarIra ke rahate hue AtmA ko mukta karAnA hI jIvana kA sabase bar3A svArtha hai| ataH zarIra ko jAnanA, isakI bhASA ko samajhanA, hameM bhItara ke adRzya dharAtaloM kI (mana, buddhi, AtmA kI) gatividhiyoM kI jAnakArI detA hai| pAsa meM kauna vyakti baiThA hai, thAlI meM rakhA kaunasA vyaMjana Aja nahIM khAnA cAhie, Adi bAharI paristhitiyoM kI sUcanA bhI zarIra ke spandana dete haiN| zarIra ke mAdhyama se kauna-sI UrjAe~ bAhara jAtI haiM, mana ke spandana 472 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #482
hajAroM-hajAra mIla dUra pahu~cate haiM, AbhAmaNDala evaM vibhinna zakti kendroM ke mAdhyama se kaise prANoM ko samajhanA, unake prayoga karanA, vANI (vAk) ke kSetra ko brahma kI taraha samajha pAnA, icchAoM ke nirmANa meM vAk ke spandanoM kI bhUmikA jAna lenA hamAre gahana svArtha kI sAdhanA se parama mukti ke paramArtha kI samprApti kA kSetra hai| vicAra, bhASA, artha, varNa Adi ko jAna lenA bhI utanA hI mahattvapUrNa hai, jitanA ki mauna ko jAna lenaa| vyakti ko usake vicAroM se hI jAnA jAtA hai| vicAra hI jJAna kA dharAtala hai| inako jAne binA jJAtA aura jJeya ke sAtha ekAkAra ho hI nahIM skte| jJAna yoga ke dvArA yadi karmoM kA vipAka karanA hai, to vicAroM kI prakRti (sata, raja, tama) ko jAna lenA pahalA svArtha hai| dharma kA upayoga isake binA na samajheMge, na hI kara paaeNge| vicAroM kI uSNatA ko hRdaya kI zItalatA se sAtha samanvita karanA bhI sukha kA mArga hai| ahaMkAra kI zakti evaM dizA para niyantraNa bhI vicAroM kI prakRti se jur3A hai| pRthak vivecya; dharma aura vijJAna-jJAna aura satya ke sandhAna-bimba vijJAna evaM adhyAtma ke vivecya pRthaka haiN| vijJAna meM jJAna pahale, vizvAsa bAda meM hotA hai, jabaki dharma meM vizvAsa pahale, jJAna bAda meM AtA hai| adhyAtma paramArtha jJAna hai, AtmA-paramAtmA sambandhita jJAna hai, ilme ilAhI hai, cinmaya sattA kA jJAna hai| vijJAna laukika jagata kA jJAna hai, bhautika sattA kA jJAna hai, padArtha, vastu, rasAyana, prakRti kA vizleSaNAtmaka-vivecanAtmaka aura sUcanAtmaka jJAna hai| sAmAnya dhAraNA hai ki donoM viparItArthaka haiN| bhaviSya ke lie yaha socanA hai ki donoM kI mUlabhUta avadhAraNAoM meM kisa prakAra sAmaMjasya sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai? ___ Adhunika vijJAna karaNIya yA kAraNa aura prabhAva ke niyama kA samarthana karatA hai| hareka prabhAva kA eka mUla yA jJAta kAraNa honA caahie| binA kAraNa ke koI kArya nahIM hotaa| yaha kAraNa hI kAraka kA paryAya hai| hara kArya meM kAraNa-kArya bhAva rahatA hai| kAraka zabda meM zakti bhI hai, USmA bhI hai| dene kA bhAva bhI hai| vaise to karma ke lie pahalA kAraka icchA hotI hai| icchA (avagraha) ke binA ceSTA (IhA) nahIM hotii| avagama se hI mAno svIkRti mila gyii| taba prazna uThatA hai ki kyA icchA kA bhI koI kAraka hotA hai| icchA paidA nahIM kI jaatii| icchA kA eka kAraka hotA hai; jnyaan| jisa viSaya kA jJAna nahIM, usake bAre meM icchA nahIM utthtii| jo uThatI hai, taba usakA kAraka jJAna na hokara; prArabdha hotA hai| gItA meM kRSNa ne eka siddhAnta pratipAdita kiyA ki jJAna-jJAtA-jJeya de tInoM sadA sAtha rahate haiN| mUla meM to jJAtA kI icchA hI rahatI hai| binA jJAtA ke jJeya kA jJAna mAnava ke lie hita aura ahita donoM kara sakatA hai| bhArata aura pazcima ke jJAna kA mUla bheda yahI hai| hamArA jJAna Aja bhI jJAna hI mAnA jAtA hai| "eko jJAnaM jJAnam" isakI paribhASA hai| brahmANDa meM saba dharma aura vijJAna :: 473 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #483
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org cIjoM evaM prANiyoM ke mUla meM eka hI tattva hai| isI kA dUsarA pakSa pazcimI prayogAtma jJAna hai| isako vijJAna kahate haiM, yathA - " vividhaM jJAnaM vijJAnam" / viruddhaM jJAnaM vijJAnam / viziSTaM jJAnaM vijnyaanm| antara basa itanA hI hai ki hamAre jJAna meM jJAtA hai aura pazcima ke jJAna meM jJAtA nahIM hai / vaha pUrNa rUpa meM upakaraNoM para AdhArita hai / ata: jJAna kA upayoga vyakti ke viveka para nirbhara karegA / yahI kAraNa hai ki vijJAna ke prayoga sahI aura galata donoM dizAoM meM ho rahe haiN| bhAratIya jJAna viveka evaM prajJA para AdhArita hai / isameM kisI kA ahita sambhava hI nahIM hai / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir yaha aura bhI adhika mahattvapUrNa hai ki jaina dharma-darzana, isa kArya-kAraNa sambandha se Atma-tattva aura jIvana-darzana kI mImAMsA karatA hai| AiMsTIna kI sApekSatA ke siddhAnta ke mAdhyama se dhAraNA yaha thI ki brahmANDa kI eka zurUAta hai aura yaha bAda meM gaNitajJoM aura habala dUrabIna se bhI puSTa kiyA gayA, jisane brahmANDa ke vistAra ke sambandha meM, prakAza kI parivartanazIlatA ke bAre meM batAyA aura yaha pramANita kiyA ki brahmANDa kA eka prArambhika bindu thA, jisako saiddhAntika rUpa se bar3A dhamAkA nAma diyA gayA hai| yaha ghaTanA kaise ghaTita huI, isake vivaraNa ke avalokana ke bAre meM kama se kama aisA eka saMketa vidyamAna hai, jo prAsaMgika hai aura iMgita karatA hai ki brahmANDa kA eka prArambhika bindu thA aura yaha abhI bhI bar3ha rahA hai / vijJAna ekatva kI khoja ke lakSya ko samarpita hai| jyoM hI vijJAna kI yAtrA pUrNa ekatA taka pahu~ca jAegI, tyoM hI usakI pragati ruka jAegI; kyoMki taba vaha apane lakSya ko prApta kara legA / udAharaNArtha - rasAyanazAstra yadi eka bAra usa mUla tattva kA patA lagA le, jisase aura - saba- dravya bana sakate haiM, to phira vaha Age nahIM bar3ha skegaa| bhautika zAstra jaba usa mUla zakti kA patA lagA legA, anya zaktiyA~ jisakI abhivyakti haiM, taba vaha ruka jaaegaa| vaise hI, dharmazAstra bhI usa samaya pUrNatA ko prApta kara legA, jaba vaha usako khoja legA, jo isa parivartanazIla jagat kA zAzvata AdhAra hai, paramAtmA hai, anya - saba AtmA jisakI pratIyamAna abhivyaktiyA~ haiM / isa prakAra anekatA aura dvaita meM se hote hue isa parama advaita kI prApti hotI hai / dharma isase Age nahIM jA sakatA / yahI samasta vijJAnoM kA carama lakSya hai 1 474 :: jainadharma paricaya vaijJAnikatA kA dhArmika prAgalbhya : sAmarasyatA kA avabodha adhyAtma evaM vijJAna ke bIca sAmarassa kA mArga sthApita karane ke lie paramparAgata dharma kI isa mAnyatA ko chor3anA par3egA ki yaha saMsAra Izvara kI icchA kI pariNati hai / hameM vijJAna kI isa dRSTi ko svIkAra karanA hogA ki sRSTi racanA ke upakrama meM Izvara ke kartavya kI koI bhUmikA nahIM hai| sRSTi racanA - vyApAra meM prakRti ke niyamoM ko svIkAra karanA hogaa| DArvina ke vikAsavAda ke Aloka meM dharma kI isa sAmAnya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #484
mAnyatA ke prati Aja ke cintakoM kA vizvAsa khaNDita hotA jA rahA hai ki sRSTi ke Arambha meM paramAtmA ne sabhI prANiyoM ke yugala nirmita kiye the tathA paramAtmA ne hI manuSya ko 'IzvarIya jJAna' pradAna kiyA thaa| jIva ke vikAsa kI prakriyA ke sUtra, dharma kI isa paurANika mAnyatA meM bhI khoje jA sakate haiM ki jIva caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM meM bhaTakane ke bAda manuSya yoni dhAraNa karatA hai| mAnava ke vikAsa ke krama kI mImAMsA, vikAsavAda ke pariprekSya meM, ina dhArmika avadhAraNAoM ke sAtha bhI sambhava hai| vijJAna vizva ke mUla meM padArtha evaM UrjA ko hI adhiSThita dekhatA AyA hai| vijJAna ko apArthiva cinmaya-sattA kA bhI saMsparza karanA hogaa| bhaviSya ke vijJAna ko apanA yaha Agraha bhI chor3anA hogA ki jar3a padArtha se cetanA kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| DArvina ke vikAsavAda ke isa siddhAnta ko to svIkAra karanA sambhava hai ki avanata koTi ke jIva se unnata koTi ke jIva kA vikAsa huA hai| kintu unakA yaha siddhAnta tarkasaMgata nahIM hai ki ajIva se jIva kA vikAsa huaa| isa dhAraNA athavA mAnyatA kA tArkika kAraNa hai| jisa vastu kA jaisA upAdAna-kAraNa hotA hai, vaha usI rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai| cetana ke upAdAna acetana meM nahIM badala skte| acetana ke upAdAna cetana meM nahIM badala skte| na kabhI aisA huA hai, na ho rahA hai aura na hogA ki jIva ajIva bana jAe tathA ajIva jIva bana jaae| padArtha ke rUpAntaraNa se smRti evaM buddhi ke guNoM ko utpanna kiyA jA sakatA hai; magara cetana utpanna nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| cetanA kA adhyayana, adhyAtma kA viSaya hai| jAnane kI jugata : satya kA gahana dRSTi-bodha jaina AdhyAtmika vijJAna meM satya para gahana cintana kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki satya meM hI samasta guNa-dharma paryAya haiN| avasthAe~, kriyA-pratikriyA, karma-kAraNa Adi sambandha sambhava haiM- 'saddavya lakSaNam', dravya kA lakSaNa sat hai| saMsAra zAzvata hai, kyoMki isake sabhI dravya zAzvata haiN| Adhunika vijJAna meM bhI yaha siddha ho gayA hai ki koI bhI vastu yA zakti naSTa nahIM hotI, balki usakA rUpa parivartita hotA hai| dravya satsvarUpa hai| sat svarUpa hone ke kAraNa hI dravya anAdi se ananta kAla taka rhegaa| dravya ke parivartanazIla hote hue bhI usakA nAza nahIM hotaa| satya darzana ne hI kaI kaThina savAloM ko sarala banAyA hai| 'jAnanA' cetanA kA vyavacchedaka guNa hai| jIva cetana hai| ajIva acetana hai| jIva kA svabhAva caitanya hai| ajIva kA svabhAva jar3atva athavA acaitanya hai| jo jAnatA hai, vaha jIvAtmA hai| jo nahIM jAnatA, vaha anAtmA hai| jIva AtmA-sahita hai| ajIva meM AtmA nahIM hai| jIva sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti karatA hai| ajIva ko sukha-duHkha dharma aura vijJAna :: 475 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #485
kI anubhUti nahIM hotii| jo jAnatA hai, vaha cetana hai; jo nahIM jAnatA, vaha acetana hai| smRti evaM buddhi tathA mastiSka ke samasta vyApAra 'cetanA' nahIM haiN| padArtha ke rUpAntaraNa se smRti evaM buddhi ke guNoM ko utpanna kiyA jA sakatA hai, magara cetanA utpanna nahIM kI jA sktii| buddhi evaM mana kI bhA~ti cetanA bhI 'snAyujAla kI baddhatA' athavA 'vibhinna tantrikAoM kA tantra' hai, jo antataH aNuoM evaM ANavika kriyAzIlatA kA pariNAma hai| bhaviSyonmukhI dRSTi se vicAra karane para yaha svIkAra karanA hogA ki donoM kI apanI-apanI bhinna sattAe~ haiN| ____ ajIva athavA jar3a padArtha kA rUpAntaraNa; UrjA (prANa), smRti, kRtrima prajJA evaM buddhi meM sambhava hai, kintu isameM caitanya nahIM hotaa| kampyUTara cetanA-yukta nahIM hai| kampyUTara ko yaha cetanA nahIM hotI ki vaha hai, vaha kArya kara rahA hai| kampyUTara manuSya kI cetanA se prerita hokara kArya karatA hai| use sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti nahIM hotii| use sva-saMvedana nahIM hotaa| 'maiM hU~,' 'maiM sukhI hU~', 'maiM duHkhI hU~'-zarIra ko isa prakAra ke anubhavoM kI pratIti nahIM hotii| isa prakAra ke anubhavoM kI jise pratIti hotI hai, vaha zarIra se bhinna hai| jise pratIti hotI hai use hI jainadarzana AtmA zabda se abhihita karatA hai| AtmA meM caitanya nAmaka vizeSa guNa hai; AtmA meM jAnane kI zakti hai| AtmA ke dvArA jIva ko apane astitva kA bodha hotA hai| jJAna kA mUla srota AtmA hai| AtmA amUrta tattva hai| vaha indriyoM kA viSaya nahIM hai| indriyA~ use jAna nahIM paatiiN| isase indriyoM kI sImA siddha hotI hai| sraSTA, sRSTi aura sRjana-svayambhU; na hI koI sRSTikartA darzana jIvana kA zuddha vijJAna hai, jaba isa vijJAna ko vyavahAra kA rUpa diyA jAtA hai, to vaha dharma bana jAtA hai| jainadharma saMsAra kA prAcInatama dharma hote hue bhI sampUrNata: vaijJAnika dRSTibodha se saMbalita dharma hai| jainadarzana evaM vicAradhArA kA udgama sambhavataH prAgaitihAsika kAla se hai| yadi jaina sAhitya kI utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI kAla kI avadhAraNA ko sahI mAneM, to isa mahAna darzana kA udgama ananta kAla se siddha hotA hai| ananta kAla se mAnava-jIvana evaM cintana ko sahI dizA dene vAle isa dharma kI jar3eM itanI-gaharI tabhI ho sakatI haiM, jaba mAnava ke paraloka ke sAtha-sAtha isa darzana kA prabhAva usakI ihalaukika kriyAoM meM bhI parilakSita hotA ho tathA use prabhAvita karatA ho| isa darzana ne mAnava ko svAvalambana evaM svatantratA kI dizA pradAna kI hai; yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja bhI isa akSuNNa tathA avirala darzana kA pravAha vyakti se parivAra, parivAra se samAja evaM samAja se Upara uThakara deza evaM sampUrNa vizva ke kalyANa kI dizA meM pravRtta hai| 476 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #486
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhArata bhUmi para avatarita jainadharma ke vicAra, sRSTikartA kI bhUmikA ko svIkAra nahIM krte| ve sRSTi ko svayambhU mAnate haiM / vedAnta ke AdhAra para sraSTA, sRSTi aura sRjana eka hI saccidAnandaghana paramAtmA kI lIlA hai| sRSTi sraSTA kA hI svarUpa hai, sRjana usakI lIlA - mAtra hai| isa sandarbha meM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai ki vizva ke agraNI bhautika vijJAnI sTIphana haoNkiMga ne varSa 1968 meM prakAzita bahucarcita evaM besTa selara pustaka 'e hisTrI oNpha TAima' meM yaha siddhAnta pratipAdita kiyA thA ki brahmANDa kI utpatti evaM saMcAlana meM nihita jaTila, cetana evaM sakriya sattA se dRSTigata isake sRjana meM Izvara kI bhUmikA ko khArija nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| 32 varSa ke pazcAt aba sTIphana haoNkiMga ne apanI naI pustaka 'da grAMDa DijAina' meM likhA hai ki brahmANDa kI utpatti ke lie uttaradAyI 'biga baiMga' kI ghaTanA ke lie bhautika vijJAna ke gurutvAkarSaNa niyama jimmedAra haiN| Izvara ne yaha brahmANDa nahIM racA, balki vAstava meM yaha bhautika vijJAna ke aparihArya niyamoM kA pariNAma hai| 'e hisTrI oNpha TAima' meM saMsAra ke buddhijIvI varga ko cauMkAne vAle isa lekhaka ne aba nyUTana kI isa avadhAraNA ko khArija kara diyA hai ki brahmANDa svataHsphUrta DhaMga se nirmita honA prArambha nahIM huA thA apitu Izvara ne ise gatimAna banAyA thA / karma hI antataH racanAkAra hai| jainadharma ke anusAra brahmANDa kI racanA kisI vyakti vizeSa yA sattA- vizeSa dvArA nahIM kI gayI / yaha ananta kAla se astitva meM hai, jisakA na koI prArambha aura na koI anta sunizcita hai| loka ke zAzvata rUpa kI carcA ko vistAra dete hue jaina AcAryoM ne triloka kI avadhAraNA para bala diyA hai| isa avadhAraNA ke anusAra madhyaloka ke DhAI dvIpa meM manuSya, tiryaMca evaM deva gaNa, DhAI dvIpa ke atirikta asaMkhyAta samudroM meM deva tathA tiryaMca, Urdhvaloka meM kalpavAsI devagaNa tathA adholoka meM deva evaM nArakI virAjate haiN| jambUdvIpa ke sAta kSetroM meM se bharata evaM airAvata kSetra meM SaTkAla parivartana ke hone kA vidhAna hai| pahale se tIsare kAla taka bhogabhUmi aura cauthe kAla se karmabhUmi kI racanA kA vidhAna pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai / bhogabhUmi ke samApana para, tIsare kAla meM 14 kulakara AvirbhUta hote haiM, jo kramazaH kula kI paramparAoM ke viSaya meM zikSita karate haiM apane sadupadezoM ke mAdhyama se / karmabhUmi ke cauthe kAla meM 24 mAtA, 24 pitA, 24 tIrthaMkara, 24 kAmadeva, 12 cakravartI, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 prati nArAyaNa, 9 balabhadra, 11 rudra, 9 nArada viziSTa-puruSa hote haiM, jo yuga ko dizA dete haiM / isa paramparA meM tRtIya kAla ke anta meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA AvirbhAva huA thA / jainadharma kA darzana evaM svarUpa : vijJAnasammata zuddhopayogI dRSTi - jainadharma aura darzana kA uddezya hai - AtmA ko prakRti ke mizraNa se mukta kara, usako dharma aura vijJAna :: 477 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #487
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kaivalya (pUrNataH mukta evaM pavitra) kI sthiti meM phuNcaanaa| isa kaivalya kI avasthA meM karma ke bandhana TUTa jAte haiM aura AtmA apane ko prakRti ke bandhanoM se mukta karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai| isI avasthA ko mokSa bhI kahA jAtA hai / mokSa kI isa avasthA meM samasta duHkha, bhaya, abhAva evaM kaSTa samApta ho jAte haiM aura AtmA sthAyI aura aTUTa paramAnanda kI avasthA meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| mokSa ke sambandha meM jainadharma kI yaha mAnyatA vaidika mAnyatA se bhinna hai / vedAnta ke anusAra mokSa kI avasthA meM AtmA kA brahma ke sAtha pUrNataH milana ho jAtA hai aura AtmA kA koI pRthak astitva nahIM bctaa| jabaki jainadharma evaM darzana ke anusAra kaivalya yA mokSa kI avasthA meM bhI AtmA kA apanA nijI astitva evaM svarUpa banA rahatA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra AtmA svabhAvataH nirmala aura prajJa hai| prakRti ke samparka ke kAraNa hI yaha AtmA ajJAnatA, mAyA aura karma ke bandhana meM par3a jAtA hai| kaivalya kI prApti ke upAya haiM - 1. samyak darzana (tIrthaMkaroM ke batAe tattvoM meM pUrNa zraddhA), 2. samyak jJAna (zAstroM kA yathArtha jJAna) aura 3. samyak cAritra (pUrNa naitika AcaraNa) / jainadharma binA kisI bAharI sahAyatA ke, svayaM apane puruSArtha dvArA hI Atma-kalyANa prApta karane kA mArga batalAtA hai| jainadharma evaM darzana ne bhAratIya dharma evaM darzana ko bhI kaI prakAra se prabhAvita kiyA / AcAra - zAstra meM naitika AcaraNa, vizeSakara ahiMsA ko isase nayA bala milaa| jainadarzana 'Asrava' ke siddhAnta meM vizvAsa karatA hai, jisakA artha yaha hai ki karma ke saMskAra kSaNa-kSaNa pravAhita ho rahe haiM / karma ke ina saMskAroM kA prabhAva jIva para kSaNa-kSaNa par3a rahA hotA hai / saMskAroM ke isa prabhAva se bacane kA yahI upAya hai ki manuSya citta vRttiyoM kA nirodha ( rokathAma) kare, mana ko viveka ke dvArA kAbU meM laae| yoga kI samAdhi kA avalambana aura tapazcaryA meM lIna rahanA bhI jaina darzana kI mAnyatA hai I I AtmajJAna-prApti kA mArga kaivalya - prApti kI sAdhanA ke lie jaina dharma evaM darzana meM, sAta sopAnoM (sIr3hiyoM) kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ye sAta sopAna hI jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa nAmaka sAta tattva haiN| jIva AtmA hai| ajIba vaha Thosa dravya (zarIra) hai, jisameM AtmA nivAsa karatI hai / jIvana aura ajIva kA milana hI saMsAra hai / ataeva mokSa - sAdhanA kA mArga yaha hai ki jIva (AtmA) ko ajIva (padArtha) se pRthak kara diyA jaae| AtmA aura paramAtmA ke bIca kI mAyA kI dIvAra ko girAkara kaivalya yA mokSa kI sthiti prApta kI jA sakatI hai, kintu jIva- ajIva se ba~dhA kaise hai ?... isakA uttara Asrava hai / vibhinna karmoM ke karane se jo saMskAra prakaTa hote haiM, usI ke kAraNa jIva ajIva se ba~dha jAtA hai / ataeva isa bandhana ko naSTa karane kA upAya yaha hai ki jIva karmoM se kSarita ( utpanna hone vAle 478 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #488
saMskAroM se alipta (pRthaka) rahane kA prayatna kre| yaha prakriyA saMvara kahalAtI hai, para itanA hI prayAsa paryApta nahIM hai| AtmA ko to pUrva janmoM ke saMskAra bhI ghere rahate haiM evaM prabhAvita karate haiN| ina pUrva janmoM ke saMskAroM se mukta hone yA chUTane kI sAdhanA kA nAma nirjarA hai| __ jIvana rUpI naukA meM cheda haiM; jinase usameM pAnI bharatA jA rahA hai| chedoM ko banda karanA hI saMvara-sAdhanA hai aura jIvana rUpI nAva meM pahale se hI jo pAnI (pUrva janmoM ke saMskAra) bharA huA hai, use ulIcane kA nAma nirjarA hai| saMvara aura nirjarA ke dvArA jisane apane ko AsravoM (saMskAroM) se mukta kara liyA; vahI mokSa kA adhikArI hai| jainadarzana meM mokSa (kaivalya) kI sAdhanA, kevala saMnyAsI hI kara sakate haiN| ina saMnyAsiyoM ko jainadharma meM pA~ca koTiyoM (zreNiyoM) meM bA~TA gayA hai, jinakA samanvita nAma paMca parameSThI hai| ye paMca parameSThI haiM: arhat, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu / sAdhuoM ko upadeza dene vAle upAdhyAya aura AcArya kahalAte haiN| siddha vaha haiM; jinhoMne zarIra chor3akara mokSa prApta kara liyA hai aura arhat tIrthaMkaroM ko kahate haiN| arhat to caubIsa hI hue haiM, kintu siddha koI bhI jIva ho sakatA hai, jisakI sAMsArika viSayavAsanAe~, bhoga-vilAsa kI lipsAe~ chUTa gayI haiN| jo sukha-duHkha se Upara uTha gayA, jisakI indriyA~ vazIbhUta haiM, vaha siddha hai| siddha kI koTi paramAtmA kI koTi hai| vaidika darzana evaM jaina darzana meM yaha bheda hai ki vaidika dharma meM paramAtmA ko mAtra eka hI mAnA gayA hai, jabaki jainadharma ke anusAra jo bhI vyakti siddha ho gayA, vaha svayaM paramAtmA hai| ataH usa asIma vizva-vyaktitva kI prApti ke lie isa kArAsvarUpa duHkhamaya kSudra vyaktitva kA anta honA hI caahie| jaba maiM prANa svarUpa se eka ho jAU~gA, tabhI mRtyu ke hAtha se merA chuTakArA ho sakatA hai| jaba maiM Ananda-svarUpa ho jAU~gA, tabhI duHkha kA anta ho sakatA hai| jaba maiM jJAna-svarUpa ho jAU~gA, tabhI saba ajJAna kA anta ho sakatA hai, aura yaha anivArya vaijJAnika niSkarSa bhI hai| vijJAna ne yaha siddha kara diyA hai ki hamArA yaha bhautika vyaktitva bhrama-mAtra hai, vAstava meM yaha zarIra eka avicchinna jar3a-sAgara meM, eka kSudra aura sadA parivartita hotA rahane vAlA piNDa hai, aura dUsare AtmA ke sambandha meM advaita ke anivArya niSkarSa kI pratiSThA karatA hai| vijJAna : prakRti meM vyApta tarka-niSTha dharma-lIlA vijJAna to prakRti meM vyApta dharma kA hI anusaMdhAna karane meM lagA huA hai| vijJAna evaM dharma meM virodha kahA~ hai? ...vijJAna ne nIma ko kar3avA aura mIThe Ama ko mIThA pAyA, to vijJAna ne kyA khojA? ...usane nIma ke svadharma kA patA calAyA hai aura dharma aura vijJAna :: 479 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #489
usane mIThe Ama ke svadharma kA bhI patA claayaa| vijJAna ne patA calAyA ki cumbaka lohe ko khIMcatA hai, to vijJAna ne kyA kiyA? ...vijJAna ne cumbaka ke bhItara chupe hue cumbaka ke svadharma kA patA claayaa| vijJAna ne sardI evaM garmI ke svadharma kA patA claayaa| vijJAna ne indradhanuS (yA trikoNa kA~ca) meM sUrya kI razmiyoM meM sAta raMgoM ke samanvaya kA patA calAyA, to vijJAna ne kyA kiyA? ...nyUTana ne kahA ki pRthvI meM AkarSaNa zakti hai aura isIlie vRkSa se TUTA phala AkAza kI tarapha nahIM jAtA, balki pRthvI para giratA hai, to nyUTana ne kyA khoja kI? nyUTana ne pRthvI ke svadharma kI khoja kii| phrAyaDa ne nara-nArI ke bIca yaunAkarSaNa kI khoja kI, to usane kyA kiyA? usane strIliMga-pulliMga ke saba dharma kA vivecana kiyaa| vijJAna ne babUla ke kA~ToM kA aura gulAba ke phUloM kA adhyayana kiyA aura donoM meM dekhaa| vijJAna ne babUla ke svadharma evaM gulAba ke svadharma kA adhyayana kiyA tathA usI ko dekhaa| Ayurveda ne hajAroM jar3I-bUTiyoM evaM dhAtuoM ke auSadhi tattvoM kA adhyayana kiyA, to Ayurveda ne hajAroM jar3I-bUTiyoM tathA vibhinna dhAtuoM ke saba dharmoM kA adhyayana kiyaa| hama sUrya ko nitya ugatA huA bhI tathA dina-bhara rozanI evaM garmI dene ke bAda zAma ko asta hotA huA bhI dekhate haiN| hama sardI meM dina choTe aura rAteM bar3I dekhate haiM aura garmI meM dina bar3e tathA rAteM choTI dekhate haiN| hama sUryagrahaNa evaM candragrahaNa bhI dekhate haiM, to kyA hama vijJAna ko dekhate haiM yA hama sUrya, candra, pRthvI ke svadharma ko dekhate haiM? ...asala meM to hama sUrya, candra, pRthvI ke svadharma ko dekhate haiN| hama dekhate haiM ki samudra se sUrya kI garmI ke kAraNa pAnI kI bhApa banatI hai| yahI bhApa bAdaloM kI zakla meM Upara uThatI hai aura havA kI madada se sthala kI ora bar3hatI hai| sAmane pahAr3a A jAne para bhApa Upara uThatI hai aura ThaNDaka pAkara pAnI kA rUpa puna: grahaNa karake varSA ke rUpa meM barasatI hai| isase nadiyA~ banatI haiM, jo dharatI ke DhAla ke sahAre bahakara pAnI ko punaH samudra meM pahu~cA detI haiN| vijJAnavettA isameM mAtra vijJAna nahIM dekhegA, balki isameM vaha pAnI kI garmI pAkara bhApa banane kA antarnihita svabhAva (arthAt dharma) dekhegaa| garmI ko pAkara pAnI kA bhApa meM parivartita honA pAnI kA dharma hai| Upara uTha kara havA ke sAtha bAdaloM kI zakla meM pahAr3oM para pahu~canA bhApa yA bAdaloM kA dharma hai aura ThaNDaka pAkara bAdaloM kA barasanA bAdaloM kA dharma hai| isake sAtha hI pAnI kA svabhAva athavA dharma hai ki vaha DhAla ke anusAra bahe aura-phira samudra meM pahu~ca jAe, to vijJAna jo-kucha dekhatA hai, vaha sUrya, pAnI, havA, dharatI Adi kI eka dharma lIlA hI to hai| saba se bar3I samasyA yaha hai ki hama dharma ko yA to buddha kA yA mahAvIra kA, yA to mohammada kA, yA to jarathuzta kA yA nAnaka kA AviSkAra mAnate haiM, para isa 480 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #490
bhArI tathA bhayAnaka galataphahamI se hama jitanI jaldI mukta ho sakeM, utanA hI saMsAra kA bhalA hai| dharma to utanA hI Adima, purAtana evaM sanAtana hai ki jitanI Adima, purAtana yA sanAtana yaha sRSTi yA yaha vizva-racanA hai| dharma isa sRSTi ke hara avayava meM samAyA huA hai aura vijJAna kA samasta adhyayana tathA usake samasta AviSkAra prakRti yA saSTi meM vyApta dharma (yAnI vastu ke maulika svabhAva) kA hI anusaMdhAna haiM tathA usI kA sadupayoga yA durupayoga haiN| yadi prakRti athavA isa bhautika sRSTi ke hara avayava meM apanA maulika niyama (yAnI apanA maulika dharma) nahIM pAyA jAtA, to vijJAna kA yaha sArA tAbUtI DhA~cA bikhara jaataa| dharma to 'svayambhU vaizvika niyama' (sailphabaoNrna kaoNsmika laoN) kA nAma hai| dharma ko na rAma ne paidA kiyA aura na kRSNa ne| rAma aura kRSNa (tathA ye sabhI tathAkathita dharma-pravartaka mahAmAnava) dharma ke vibhinna TIkAkAra athavA vyAkhyAtA mAtra haiM, dharma ke janaka yA AviSkAraka nahIM haiN| dharma ne hI avatAroM, masIhAoM aura paigambaroM ko paidA kiyA hai na ki avatAroM, masIhAoM aura paigambaroM ne dharma ko paidA kiyaa| satya aura jJAna : bheda nahIM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dezanA meM jJAna hI sattA hai| citta caitya hai, yAnI satya cetanA svarUpa hai| jJAna meM tarka kA avasara nahIM rahatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra 12 barasa taka satya kI khoja karate rhe| unhoMne jAnA ki satya aura jJAna bhinna nahIM haiN| satya jAnanA hai, mAnanA nhiiN| mAnanA dAsatA hai| anya kI khoja va mAnyatA ke prati samarpaNa hai| jAnanA nija kA hai, nija kA anubhava hai| jIvana kA satya aura gaNita atIva rahasyapUrNa hai| kisI bhI kathana, grantha, vyakti yA kRtitva ko mAnanA nahIM hotA hai| agrima khoja hI sthagita ho jAtI hai| mAnane meM kaSTa nahIM hotA hai| jAnanA vijJAna hai, jisameM khoja nirantara hai| jaina dRSTi jAnane kI hai| tIrthaMkara mArga dikhAte haiM, banAte nahIM haiN| ve draSTA, jJAtA hokara sAkSI hote haiN| kisI bhASA, vicAra, AcAra yA vyavahAra meM ba~dhate nahIM haiM, bA~dhate bhI nhiiN| hara nayA prayoga apane samaya meM krAnti hokara parivartana lAtA hai, vahI samaya ke sAtha paramparA bana jAtA hai| isalie jAnanA, dekhanA aura bodha karanA hI jIvana-krAnti hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra isI krAnti ke praNetA haiN| ve kahIM Agraha nahIM rakhate haiN| AcAra meM ahiMsA, vicAra meM anekAnta aura vyavahAra meM 'bhI' sUtra; aisI anupama dena haiM, jisameM vivAda, hiMsA yA hastakSepa kA avasara hI nahIM rahatA hai| cintana ke kSetra meM 'bhI' anekAntika hai| anekAnta kisI bhI vicAra yA praNAlI ko nakAratA nahIM hai aura svIkArane kA Agraha bhI nahIM krtaa| vaha mAnatA hai ki hara 'maiM' aura vicAra kA svatantra astitva hai| saba kI apanI jIvana-praNAlI hai, jisase dharma aura vijJAna :: 481 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #491
vaha alaga bhI hai aura jur3A huA bhI hai| yaha aisA jIvana zAstra hai, jo 'maiM' se 'maiM' ke lie hotA hai, adhUrepana ko paraspara pUratA hai| 'maiM' se 'maiM' nikalatA nahIM hai aura na vaha zUnya hotA hai| isI satya kI khoja nirantara banI rahatI hai| eka satyaniSTha, hara stara para 'maiM' ke Atma-bhAva ko banAe rakhatA hai| vaha jAnatA hai ki 'maiM' kisI 'maiM' se alaga nahIM hai| hara 'maiM' vaha hai, jo vaha svayaM hai| hara 'maiM' jInA cAhatA hai, sukha cAhatA hai aura paraspara bA~TanA cAhatA hai| vaha avibhAjya hai, jaise sAgara meM bUMda bhI hai aura svayaM sAgara bhii| vaha laharoM ke sAtha uchalatI bhI hai aura usI meM rahatI bhI hai| jaina dRSTi meM hara vastu apane svabhAva meM sthita hai| isalie jo ho rahA hai yA ho gayA hai, vaha apane samaya ke anusAra hai| mahAvIra ke lie 'bhI' satya kA prayoga rahA hai| ve bhAvoM, zabdoM yA dAvoM se apane ko bharate nahIM haiN| mahAvIra pUrI taraha khAlIkhAlI rahate haiM, isase ve bhAra-vihIna, nirvikalpa hote haiN| ve jAnate haiM, khojanA bhI apane ko kho denA hai| prazna aura uttara unake pAsa hote nahIM haiN| ___ eka hI vastu meM aneka virodhI dharmoM ko svIkAra karane vAle siddhAnta ke nirUpaNa kI paddhati hai syaadvaad| asti-nAsti, nitya-anitya, eka-aneka, sama-viSama, vAcyaavAcya ye vastu meM nizcita rUpa se pAye jAne vAle vikalpa haiN| ina virodhI yugaloM ko samajhakara syAdvAda kA svAda cakhA jA sakatA hai| jJAna kI yaha vibhinnatA sAta prakAra kI ho sakatI hai nahIM hai hai aura nahIM hai kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai kintu kahA nahIM jA sakatA nahIM hai aura kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai, nahIM hai aura kahA nahIM jA sktaa| jIvana yAtrA hai, antahIna yaatraa| apane ahaMkAra yA Agraha ko lekara jIvana ko mAnane kI bhUla 'maiM' karatA hai| jIvana koI gaNita nahIM hai, isI se koI mAtrA nahIM hai| jIvana kA eka aisA vijJAna hai, jo pakar3a meM AtA nahIM hai| jAnane ke sAtha jAnA huA hokara atIta ho jAtA hai, mAnanA ho jAtA hai| 'maiM' apane-Apa meM bahuta catura hai| hara samaya 'hI' aura 'bhI' kA cakra banAkara apane ko ThagatA rahatA hai| 'bhI' kA prayoga sahaja hote hue bhI apane ahaMkAra ke Agraha ko nahIM chor3a pAtA hai| 'hI' meM socanA nahIM par3atA, mAnanA par3atA hai| ahiMsaka-samAja-saMracanA ke lie anekAntI honA 482 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #492
pahalI aura antima zarta hai| 'bhI' anekAntika hai, santulita hai, isI se svayaM mArga aura svayaM maMjila hai| santulana samanvaya hai, Agraha-mukta aham-zUnyatA hai| samanvaya meM saba kA darzana, vicAra aura praNAlI samajhane kI taiyArI rahatI hai| jo samajhane ke lie tatpara nahIM hai, use samajhAne kA adhikAra nahIM raha jAtA hai, vaha apanI pAtratA kho detA hai| jaina Agamika sAhitya : katipaya vijJAna-sammata avadhAraNAe~ mAnava kI prakRti : eka vastu-niSTha-cintana zruta paramparA se udbhUta Agama sAhitya, dvAdazAMga aura cauhada pUrvo ke mAdhyama se gaNita, TopolojI, khagolazAstra, bhUgola, jyotiSa, padArthakaNa, bhautikI, jaivikI, paryAvaraNa vijJAna Adi kI Adhunika vijJAna-sammata avadhAraNAe~, sazaktatA ke sAtha AkhyAyita karatA hai aura AcAryoM ke vastuniSTha prajJAna ko rekhAMkita karate hue vismaya-bodha bhI karAtA hai, unake antazcaitanya kI pragalbhatA ke prati / jainadarzana ke anusAra, brahmANDa zAzvata hai| yaha do dravya; arthAt jIva aura ajIva (pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla) ke saMyoga se nirmita huA hai| inameM jIva dravya cetana hai, jise 'AtmA' zabda se bhI abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| zeSa pA~coM dravya ajIva haiM, jinheM acetana, jar3a aura anAtma zabdoM se bhI vyavahRta kiyA jAtA hai| pudgala dravya sparza, rasa, gandha aura rUpa guNoM vAlA hone se indriyoM kA viSaya hai, para AkAza, kAla, dharma aura adharma ke cAra ajIva dravya indriyagocara nahIM haiM, kyoMki unameM sparza, rasa, gandha aura rUpa nahIM haiM, para Agama aura anumAna se unakA astitva siddha hai| hamAre bhItara do dravyoM kA mela hai-zarIra aura aatmaa| zarIra acetana yA jaDa hai aura AtmA sacetana hai, jJAtA-draSTA hai, kintu vaha sparza-rasa-gandha-varNa-zabda-rUpa nahIM hai| ataH pA~coM indriyoM kA viSaya nahIM hai| aisA hone para bhI vaha zarIra se bhinna apane pRthak astitva ko mAnatA hai| jaina tattvamImAMsA sAta (kabhI-kabhI nau, upazreNiyA~ milAkara) satya athavA maulika siddhAntoM para AdhArita hai, jinheM tattva kahA jAtA hai| yaha mAnava kI prakRti aura usakA nidAna karane kA prayAsa hai| prathama do satyoM ke anusAra, yaha svayaMsiddha hai ki jIva aura ajIva kA astitva hai| tIsarA satya hai ki do padArthoM, jIva aura ajIva ke mela se, jo yoga kahalAtA hai, karma dravya; jIva meM pravAhita hotA hai| yaha jIva se cipaka jAtA hai aura karma meM badala jAtA hai| cauthA satya bandha kA kAraka hai, jo cetanA (jo jIva ke svabhAva meM hai) kI abhivyakti ko sImita karatA hai| pA~cavA~ satya batAtA hai ki naye karmoM kI roka (saMvara), sahI cAritra (samyakcAritra), dharma aura vijJAna :: 483 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #493
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sahI darzana (samyagdarzana) evaM sahI jJAna (samyagjJAna) ke pAlana ke mAdhyama se AtmasaMyama dvArA sambhava hai| gahana AtmasaMyama dvArA maujUdA karmoM ko bhI jalAyA jA sakatA, isa chaThe satya ko 'nirjarA' zabda dvArA vyakta kiyA gayA hai / antima satya hai ki jaba jIva karmoM ke bandhana se mukta ho jAtA hai, to mokSa yA nirvANa ko prApta ho jAtA hai, jo jaina dArzanika evaM vijJAna- kendrita cintana kA abhipreta hai / gaNitIya avadhAraNAe~ jaina gaNitajJa mahAvIrAcArya ne gaNita ke mahattva para aura jora dete hue kahA; isa calAcala jagat meM jo bhI vastu vidyamAna hai, vaha binA gaNita ke AdhAra ke nahIM samajhI jA sktii| "bahubhirvipralApaiH kiM, trailokye sacarAcare / yad kiMcid vastu tatsarvaM, gaNitena binA na hi / / " ( bahuta pralApa karane se kyA lAbha hai ? ...isa carAcara jagata meM jo koI bhI vastu hai vaha gaNita ke binA nahIM hai / usako gaNita ke binA nahIM samajhA jA sakatA ) / jainadarzana meM bhI AkAza aura samaya asIma mAne gye| isase bahuta bar3I saMkhyAoM aura aparimita saMkhyAoM kI paribhASAoM meM gaharI ruci paidA huI / rikarasiva / vApisa A jAne vAlA / sUtroM ke jariye asIma saMkhyAe~ banAI gayIM / aNuyogadvAra sUtra meM aisA hI kiyA gyaa| mahAvIrAcArya ne 'gaNita - sAra - saMgraha' jaise yugAntarakArI gaNitIya grantha kI racanA kI hai, jisameM unhoMne laghuttama samApavartya nikAlane ke pracalita tarIke kA varNana kiyA hai| unhoMne dIrghavRtta ke andara nirmita caturbhuja kA kSetraphala nikAlane kA sUtra bhI nikAlA hai| isa viSaya para brahmagupta ne bhI kAma kiyA thA / inaDiTarmineTa samIkaraNoM kA hala nikAlane kI samasyA para bhI 9vIM sadI meM ina jainAcAryoM meM kAphI ruci dikhlaayii| kaI gaNitajJoM ne vibhinna prakAra ke inDiTarmineTa samIkaraNoM kA hala nikAlane aura nikaTatama mAna nikAlane ke bAre meM sakArAtmaka yogadAna kiyA / mahAvIrAcArya nauvIM zatI ke bhArata ke prasiddha jyotirvid aura gaNitajJa the / unhoMne krama-caya-saMcaya (kambineToriksa) para bahuta ullekhanIya kArya kiye tathA vizva meM sabase pahale kramacayoM evaM saMcayoM (kaMbinezansa) kI saMkhyA nikAlane kA sAmAnyIkRta sUtra prastuta kiyaa| ve amoghavarSa prathama nAmaka mahAna rASTrakUTa rAjA ke Azraya meM rahe / unhoMne 'gaNitasArasaMgraha' nAmaka gaNita grantha kI racanA kI, jisameM bIjagaNita evaM jyAmiti ke bahuta se viSayoM kI carcA hai / unake isa grantha kA pavuluri mallan ne telugu meM 'sAra-saMgraha-gaNitam' nAma se anuvAda kiyaa| unhoMne kramacaya evaM saMcaya kI saMkhyA ke sAmAnya sUtra prastuta kiye| isake atirikta unhoMne DigrIvAle samIkaraNoM hala prastuta I 484 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #494
kiye, cakrIya caturbhuja ke kaI guNoM (kairekTarisTiksa) ko prakAzita kiyA, batAyA ki RNAtmaka saMkhyAoM kA vargamUla nahIM ho sakatA, unhoMne samAntara zreNI ke padoM ke varga vAlI zreNI ke padoM kA yoga nikAlA aura dIrghavRtta kI paridhi evaM kSetraphala kA anubhavajanya sUtra (imperikala phaoNrmUlA) prastuta bhI kiyaa| nauvIM zatAbdI meM AvirbhUta suprasiddha digambara manISI mahAvIrAcArya ke aMkagaNita ke jJAna kI sarAhanA zrI DeviDa yUjIna smitha ne karate hue, unake dvArA pravartita polIgaoNna kI avadhAraNA ko eka mahattvapUrNa vaijJAnika cintana ke rUpa meM pratiSThApita kiyA hai| trikoNamiti ke kSetra meM brahmagupta, mahAvIrAcArya evaM bhAskarAcArya ke avadAnoM kA tulanAtmaka vivecana karate hue zrI DeviDa ne tribhuja ke kSetraphala ke nirdhAraNa hetu niSpAdita niyamoM meM, mahAvIrAcArya kI zreSThatA kA abhyaMkana bhI kiyA hai| zrI I.TI. bela ne yaha bhI niSpatti prastuta kI hai ki mahAvIrAcArya dvArA pratipAdita pratIka vijJAna evaM nahika saMkhyA ke vargamUla kA nirdhAraNa nahIM ho pAne kI avadhAraNA maulika hai| isake sAtha hI parikramA gaNita; jisameM ATha AdhArabhUta gaNitIya upakrama- varga, vargamUla, ghana, ghanamUla, pratyutpanna, bhAga, saMkalita evaM vyutkAlita ko samAhita karate haiM, karaNAnuyoga kI karmasiddhAntonmukhI avadhAraNAoM ko paripuSTa karate haiN| jaina gaNitajJoM ne pA~ca prakAra kI asIma saMkhyAe~ batalAyIM : ___1. eka dizA meM asIma, 2. do dizAoM meM asIma, 3. kSetra meM asIma, 4. sarvatra asIma aura, 5. satata asiim| tIsarI sadI I.pU. meM racita bhAgavatI sUtroM meM aura dUsarI sadI I.pU. meM racita sAdhanAMga sUtra meM krama-parivartana aura saMyojana ko sUcIbaddha kiyA gayA hai| jaina samuccaya siddhAnta sambhavataH jaina jJAna mImAMsA ke syAdvAda ke samAnAntara hI udbhUta huA, jisameM vAstavikatA ko satya kI dazA yugaloM aura avasthA parivartana yugaloM ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai| aNuyogadvAra sUtra ghAtAMka niyama ke bAre meM eka vicAra detA hai aura ise laghugaNaka kI saMkalpanA vikasita karane ke lie upayoga meM lAtA hai| lAga AdhAra 2, lAga AdhAra 3 aura lAga AdhAra 4 ke lie kramaza: ardha Acheda, trika Acheda aura caturAcheda jaise zabda prayukta kie gaye haiN| SaTkhaMDAgama meM kaI samuccayoM para lAgarithamika phaMkzansa ko AdhAra 2 kI kriyA, unakA varga nikAlakara, unakA vargamUla nikAlakara aura sImita yA asImita ghAta lagAkara kI gayI hai| ina kriyAoM ko bAra-bAra duharAkara naye samuccaya banAye gaye haiN| anya kRtiyoM meM dvipada prasAra meM Ane vAle guNakoM kA saMyojanoM kI saMkhyA se sambandha dikhAyA gayA hai| cUMki jaina jJAna-mImAMsA meM vAstavikatA kA varNana karate samaya kucha aMza taka anizcayatA svIkArya hai, ata: anizcayAtmaka samIkaraNoM se jUjhane meM aura aparimeya saMkhyAoM kA dharma aura vijJAna :: 485 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #495
nikaTatama saMkhyAtmaka mAna nikAlane meM vaha sambhavataH sahAyaka huii| jaina gaNita ke prakhyAta vizArada DaoN. ela.sI. jaina ke anusAra jaina gaNita kI, seTa siddhAnta sambandhI avadhAraNA ke vikAsa ke anukrama meM, rAzi ke samAnArthI rUpa meM, samUha, puMja, ogha, vRnda, saMpata, samudAya, piNDa, avazeSa, abhinna tathA sAmAnya Adi kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai, jo Adhunika gaNitIya cintana ke tathyoM ko saMsparzita karatA hai| seTa ikAI kI nirmiti meM samaya dvArA tAtkAlika evaM avibhAjya ghaTaka ke rUpa meM samaya ko, kisI kaNa-vizeSa dvArA sthAna-vizeSa para vinyasta kaNa ko pradeza, avibhAjya sambaddha bhAga ko avibhAgI praticcheda, tvarita evaM prabhAvI bandha ko samayaprabandha Adi dvArA sambodhita kara, Adhunika gaNitIya avadhAraNAoM ke samatulya cintana kA abhiprastutIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| rAziyoM kA sattAtmaka aura racanAtmaka rUpa meM cihnita kiyA jAnA unake astitvazIla tathA racanAzIla rUpa kI bhI pahacAna karAtA hai| gaNitIya mApana kI ikAI ko bhI jainAcAryoM ne paribhASita kiyA hai| pudgala ke sUkSma kintu avibhAjya aMza ko paramANu kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| anantAnanta paramANu-samUha kA sammilana avasaMjJA skandha kI nirmiti karatA hai aura ATha avasaMjJA skandhoM kA samuccaya eka saMjJAsaMga skandha ke nAma se abhihita hotA hai| ATha saMjJAsaMga skandhoM kA samUha eka truTireNu aura ATha trasareNu milakara eka rathareNu banAte haiM, jo eka uttama bhogabhUmi kA bAlAgra hotA hai| ATha uttama bhogabhUmi ke bAlAgra se eka madhyama bhogabhUmi kA bAlAgra nirmita hotA hai aura ATha madhyama bhogabhUmi ke bAlAgra se eka jaghanya bhogabhUmi kA bAlAgra banatA hai| ATha jaghanya bhogabhUmi ke bAlAgra se eka mAnavIya karmabhUmi kA bAlAgra banatA hai| ATha karmabhUmi ke bAlAgra se eka lIMka nirmita hotI hai aura ATha lIMkoM se eka jUM bana jAtI hai| ATha jUM eka yava banAtI haiM aura ATha yava kA eka utsedhAMgula banatA hai| 500 utsedhAMgula kA eka pramANAMgula banatA hai, jo avasarpiNI kAla ke prathama cakravartI kA AtmAMgula hai| __ anya parimApana kI ikAiyoM meM pramukha rUpa se aMgula, bilasta, hAtha, gaja, dhanuSa, kosa, yojana, mahAyojana aura rAjU zAmila haiN| 6 aMgula eka pAda banAte haiM aura bAraha aMgula eka bilst| do bilasta se eka hAtha kI mApa hotI hai, do hAtha eka gaja banAte haiM, do gaja eka dhanuSa, to do hajAra dhanuSa eka kosa kI ikAI nirmita karate haiN| cAra kosa se eka choTA yojana banatA hai aura do hajAra kosa eka mahAyojana kA nirmANa karate haiN| asaMkhyAta mahAyojana milakara eka rAjU banAte haiN| madhyaloka ke aMsakhyAta dvIpa va samudra eka rAjU ke vistAra meM samAhita haiN| rAjU eka aisI hI mApana ikAI hai| sAta rAjU milakara eka jaga-zreNI banAte haiM; jo eka bar3I khagolIya ikAI ko iMgita karatA hai| loka kA caukora AkAra nirUpita kiyA gayA hai tathA usakA mApa 486 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #496
eka jaga-zreNI sadRzya AkhyAyita haA hai| loka kI U~cAI do jaga-zreNI, eka jagazreNI adholoka tathA eka jaga-zreNI Urdhvaloka kI U~cAI tathA madhyaloka kI cauDAI bhI eka jaga-zreNI nirUpita kI gayI hai| rAjU ke sadRza hI yojana bhI eka mApana ikAI hai, jo rekhIya dUrI ke mApana ke nimita hai evaM aMgulya tathA palya isake khaNDa haiN| yojana kA upayoga bhaugolika tathA khagolIya mApana hetu kiyA gayA hai| eka pudgala kA paramANu AkAza ke eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza taka gamana kare; vaha kAla-khaNDa samaya kahalAtA hai| jaghanya-yukta asaMkhyAta samaya ko eka AvalI kahate haiN| 24 minaTa kI eka-eka ghar3I hotI hai evaM do ghar3I kA eka muhUrta hotA hai| 60 ghar3I kA eka ahorAtra banatA hai aura 15 dinoM kA eka pkss| do pakSa milakara eka mAsa banAte haiM tathA do mAsa kI eka Rtu hotI hai| 6 mAsa kA eka ayana hotA hai aura do ayanoM kA eka varSa hotA hai| kAla-savarNa kA upayoga bhI mahAvIrAcArya ne kiyA hai evaM isake 6 rUpoM- guNA, bhAga, varga, ghana, ghana-mAlA, yoga ko samAhita kiyA gayA hai| yAvat-tAvat kriyAvidhi kA upayoga sAmAnya samIkaraNoM ko pUrA karane hetu usI prakAra se kiyA gayA hai, jisa prakAra Adhunika gaNita meM 'jahA~ taka ho sake yA sImA taka' kiyA jAtA hai| palya kI avadhAraNA AMgulya, vyavahAra, uddhara, addha ko samAhita kara tAtkAlika seTa kA nirmANa karatI hai, jo adhikatara belanAkAra AkRti ke gaNitIya praznoM kA samAdhAna karatI hai| inake atirikta ardhacheda, vargazalAkA, vargita, saMvargita, sthAna, vikalpa, availika, kA jaina zAstrakAroM dvArA prayoga, Adhunika gaNitIya avadhAraNAoM ke sAtha samatulyatA upasthita karatA hai| sAtha hI aMkagaNita evaM jyAmitIya vijJAna meM Adi, mukha, vadana, prabhAva kA upayoga pragatyAtmaka anukrama ke lie, dayA, antara, vizeSa, antara-spaSTIkaraNa hetu evaM sAmAnya anupAta hetu gunakara, yoga hetu saMkalita dhana, yoga ke vargIkaraNa hetu Adi, madhya aura uttara dhana Adi pAribhASika zabdoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| 9vIM sadI ke uttarArdha meM zrIdhara ne jo sambhavatayA baMgAla ke the, nAnA prakAra ke vyAvahArika praznoM jaise anupAta, vinimaya, sAdhAraNa byAja, mizraNa, kraya aura vikraya, gati kI dara, vetana aura hauja bharanA ityAdi ke lie gaNitIya sUtra pradAna kiye| kucha udAharaNoM meM to unake hala kAphI jaTila the| unakA pATIgaNita eka vikasita gaNitIya kRti ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai| isa pustaka ke kucha khaNDoM meM aMkagaNitIya aura jyAmitIya zreNiyoM kA varNana hai, jisameM bhinnAtmaka saMkhyAoM yA padoM kI zreNiyA~ bhI zAmila haiM tathA kucha sImita zreNiyoM ke yoga ke sUtra bhI haiN| gaNitIya anusaMdhAna kI yaha zrRMkhalA 10vIM sadI meM banArasa ke vijayanandI taka calI AyI, jinakI kRti 'karaNatilaka' kA alabarUnI ne arabI meM anuvAda kiyA thaa| mahArASTra ke zrIpati bhI isa sadI ke dharma aura vijJAna :: 487 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #497
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org pramukha gaNitajJoM meM se eka the / jaina gaNita ke AcAryoM ko laghugaNaka praNAlI, lAgArithmsa, Adhunika yuga meM usake pravartaka naipiyara (550-617 I.) se cAra sau varSa pUrva, IsA kA prArambhika zatAbdI meM jJAta thI / kezavavarNIdvArA racita gommaTasAra - jIvatattva pradIpikA TIkA ko saMskRta aura kannar3a Adi donoM hI bhASAoM meM likhA gayA hai| isa grantha dvArA jIvakANDa ke rahasyoM kA udghATana kannar3a - mizrita saMskRta meM kiyA gayA hai | isa gaNitIya pratipAdana meM abAdha gati hai; isameM jo karaNasUtra unhoMne diye haiM, ve unake laukika aura alaukika gaNita ke jJAna ko prakaTa karate haiM / inhoMne alaukika gaNita sambandhI eka svatantra hI adhikAra isameM diyA hai, jo trilokaprajJapti (tiloyapaNNati) aura trilokasAra ke AdhAra para likhA gayA mAlUma hotA hai| AcArya akalaMka ke laghIyastraya aura AcArya vidyAnanda kI AptaparIkSA Adi granthoM ke vipula pramANa isameM diye gaye haiM / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir khagolIya, jyotiSIya evaM bhaugolika avadhAraNAe~ karaNAnuyoga zAstroM meM bhaugolika nakzoM dvArA uttara tathA dakSiNI aMcaloM kI prastuti karate hue nadiyoM, parvatoM kA samAnupAtika prastutIkaraNa, dvIpoM tathA samudroM ke valayoM kI avasthiti kA ullekha tathA jambU dvIpa meM samasta AyAmoM kI prastuti viziSTatA ke sAtha huI hai| nakzoM meM prastutiyA~ sIdhI rekhA yA gola AkRti meM nirUpita huI haiN| eka yuga kI avadhi pA~ca varSoM kI batAI gayI hai evaM sUrya tathA candra kI gatiyoM kA bhI Akalana kiyA gayA hai / anya grahoM tathA nakSatroM kI gatija avasthAoM kA saTIka varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai / dRvarAzi takanIka ke AdhAra para tithiyoM tathA nakSatroM kI gaNanA ke tarIkoM kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai / khagolIya avadhAraNAoM kI prAvidhiyoM kI mImAMsA karate hue ayanAntoM evaM viSuva sayAnoM ke viSaya meM bhI paryApta carcAe~ kI gayI haiN| ayanAntoM ke AdhAra para chAyA kI lambAI ke anumApana ke AdhAra para samayAMkana kI vidhi AkhyAta huI hai aura candramA kI vividha kalAoM kA abhijJAna kara candragrahaNa kI avadhi, bArambAritA Adi bhI vivecita hu haiM I loka ko 343 ghana rAjU ke AkAra kA nirUpita kiyA gayA hai, jisameM alokAkAza kI vidyamAnatA nirUpita kI gayI hai / 488 :: jainadharma paricaya padArtha kaNoM kA cintana evaM vivecana jainadharma vizva ko zAzvata, nitya, anazvara aura vAstavika astitva vAlA mAnatA hai / padArthoM kA mUlataH vinAza nahIM hotA, balki usakA rUpa parivartita hotA hai| jainadharma kA bhautikIya avabodha pudgala ke astitva ko mahattvapUrNa rekhAMkita karatA hai| jaina For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #498
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org avadhAraNAoM meM vyApta pudgala, bhautika vijJAna ke padArtha ke samatulya sadRza hai aura dravya ke mAdhyama se loka kI nirmiti kI vyAkhyA karatA hai| pud (phUsana ) tathA gala (phisana) ke antaH saMyoga yA vighaTana se loka kI racanA kA nirUpaNa dravya, kSetra, kAla tathA bhAva ke sandarbha meM pravRtta huA hai| pudgala ke rUpa, guNa tathA paryAya -AdhArita to hote hI haiM; ve sthAyI, bhautika, ajIva, urjita, vyApaka tathA vistRta, daihika, mUrta aura parivartanazIla bhI hote haiM aura unameM karma- - rUpAntaraNa kI bhI kSamatA hotI hai / paramANu antima evaM atyanta sUkSma tathA avibhAjya kaNa hotA hai / dravya kI parivartanazIlatA kI vivecanA Adi aura anAdi pariNAmoM kI gatizIlatA ke sAtha prastuta huI hai| Adi pariNAma raMga, gandha, svAda, sparza, sthAna, saMyojana, gati, vibhAjana, dhvani Adi ke rUpAntaraNa meM anubhUta hotI hai aura anAdi pariNAmoM kI anubhUti dravyatva, mUrtatva aura satva Adi meM prakaTa hotI hai / dravya kI saMkhyA bhUta, bhaviSyat evaM vartamAna kAlakhaNDoM meM aparivartanazIla hotI hai evaM yaha saMsthAna, AkRti, udbhava - urjita tathA kSaya Adi ko prApta karatI hai| pudgala vividha AkRtiyoM ko dhAraNa karane meM sakSama hotA hai aura sakala uttamatA ke vividha svarUpoM ko aMgIkRta karane meM sakSama hotA hai| sUkSma paramANuoM kI vRhattara duniyA : jindagI kI nirNAyaka kahAnI : karma siddhAnta Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jainadharma meM karma ke siddhAnta para jora diyA gayA hai| jIvana meM vyakti apane karmoM kA pariNAma bhugatatA hai| yaha karma mokSa kA bhI hetu hotA hai / mukti 'triratna' arthAt samyak darzana yA zraddhA (sahI dRSTi yA vizvAsa) samyak jJAna, aura samyak cAritra yA AcaraNa (sahI AcaraNa) ke mAdhyama se prApta kI jA sakatI hai| jainadharma meM aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki saMsAra ke prANI jo duHkha bhoga rahe haiM, usakA kAraNa hai unakA apanAapanA karma / isa karma - bandhana se mukta honA hI mokSa hai| karma kA jaina - siddhAnta meM vaha artha nahIM hai, jise kartavya-karma kahA jAtA hai / 'karma' nAma ke paramANu hote haiM, jo AtmA kI tarapha nirantara khiMcate rahate haiM / inheM 'kArmaNa vargaNA' kahA jAtA hai| karma vaha hai, jo AtmA kA asalI svabhAva prakaTa na hone de| use Dha~ka de| jainadharma meM karma - siddhAnta para bahuta jora diyA gayA hai| mUla karma ATha haiMjJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya / uttara prakRtiyA~ aneka haiM / jaina karma - siddhAnta ke anusAra karma vargaNAe~ bhAra - hIna hotI haiN| karma-vargaNAoM meM guru aura laghu sparza kA abhAva hai| jainoM ne na kevala tAroM kI gati dharma aura vijJAna :: 489 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #499
kI hI jAnakArI dI, apitu blaika hola-tamaskAya kA varNana bhI kiyaa| pudgala ke sUkSma se sUkSma rUpa ko 'paramANu' kahate haiN| manuSya kI pravRtti aura pariNAma ke anusAra vaise karma-paramANu AtmA se cipaTa jAte haiM aura unameM zakti bhI A jAtI hai| ye karma phira sukha-duHkha dete haiN| jaina karma-siddhAnta isalie mahattvapUrNa hai ki isake mAdhyama se IzvarAdi para-kartRtva yA sRSTi-kartRtva ke bhrama ko tor3akara pratyeka prANI ko apane puruSArtha dvArA usa ananta catuSTaya (ananta-darzana, ananta-jJAna, ananta-bala aura anantavIrya) kI prApti kA mArga sahaja aura prazasta kiyA hai| / vastutaH pratyeka prANI apane bhAgya kA svayaM sraSTA, svarga-naraka kA nirmAtA aura svayaM hI bandhana aura mokSa ko prApta karane vAlA hai| isameM Izvara Adi kisI anya mAdhyama ko bIca meM lAkara use kartRka mAnanA ghora mithyAtva batalAyA gayA hai| isIlie 'bujjhijjatti uTTijjA baMdhaNaM parijANiyA'- Agama kA yaha vAkya smaraNIya hai, jisameM kahA gayA hai ki bandhana ko samajho aura tor3o, tumhArI anantazakti ke samakSa bandhana kI koI hastI nahIM hai| yadyapi janma meM to zarIra ke sAtha hI AyA, para maraNa ke samaya yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki deha mAtra raha gayI, AtmA pRthak ho gayA, calA gyaa| ___ kArya kI utpatti meM do kAraNa mAne jAte haiM-upAdAna aura nimitt| nimitta kAraNa vaha hotA hai, jo usa upAdAna kA sahayogI hotA hai, para kAraka nhiiN| yadi pratyeka dravya ke parivartana meM para dravya ko kartA mAnA jAya, to vaha parivartana svAdhIna na hogA, kintu parAdhIna ho jAegA aura aisI sthiti meM dravya kI svatantratA samApta ho jaaegii| isa siddhAnta ke anusAra jIva dravya kI saMsAra se mukti parAdhIna ho jAegI, jabaki mukti svAdhInatA kA nAma hai yA aisA kahie ki parAdhInatA se chUTane kA nAma hI mukti hai| saMsAra meM jIva kA bandhana yadyapi para ke sAtha hai, para usa bandhana meM aparAdha usa jIva kA svayaM kA hai| vaha nija ke svarUpa ko na jAnane kI bhUla se para ko apanAtA hai aura vahIM usakA bandhana hai aura yaha bandhana hI saMsAra hai| isa bandhana se chUTane ke lie jaba use apanI bhUla kA jJAna hotA hai, to vaha usa mArga se virakta hotA hai| saMsArI AtmA apane vikArI bhAvoM ke kAraNa karma se ba~dhA hai aura apane Atma-jJAna rUpa avikArI bhAva se hI karmabandhana se mukta hotA hai; para saMsArI aura mukta donoM avasthAoM meM apane una-una bhAvoM kA kartA vaha svayaM hai, anya koI nhiiN| jJAnI jJAnabhAva kA kartA hai aura ajJAnI ajJAna-maya bhAvoM kA kartA hai| 'samayasAra' meM AcArya kundakunda ne yahI likhA hai yaM karoti bhAvamAtmA kartA so bhavati tasya krmnnH| jJAninastu jnyaanmyo'jnyaanmyo'jnyaaninH|| -saMskRta chAyA, 126 // 490 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #500
arthAt jo AtmA jisa samaya jisa bhAva ko karatA hai, usa samaya usa bhAva kA kartA vahI hai| jJAnI kA bhAva jJAnamaya hotA hai aura ajJAnI kA bhAva ajJAnamaya hotA hai| AcArya zrI amRtacandra bhI likhate haiM jJAnino jJAnanirvRttAH sarve bhAvA bhavanti hi| sarve'pyajJAnanirvRttA bhavantyajJAninastu te|| 67 // kartA aura karma ke sambandha meM AcArya amRtacandra kahate haiM yaH pariNamati sa kartA yaH pariNAmo bhavettu tat krm| yA pariNatiH kriyA sA trayamapi bhinnaM na vstutyaa| 51 // arthAta jo padArtha parivartita hotA hai, vaha apanI pariNati kA svayaM kartA hai aura vaha pariNamana usakA karma hai aura pariNati hI usakI kriyA hai| ye tInoM vastutaH eka hI vastu meM abhinna rUpa meM hI haiM, bhinna rUpa meM nhiiN| eka: pariNamati sadA pariNAmo jAyate sdaiksy| ekasya pariNatiH syAt anekamapyekameva ytH|| 52 // dravya akelA hI nirantara pariNamana karatA hai, vaha pariNamana bhI usa eka dravya meM hI pAyA jAtA hai aura pariNati kriyA usI eka meM hI hotI hai, isalie siddha hai kartA, karma, kriyA aneka hokara bhI eka-sattAtmaka hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki hama apane pariNamana ke kartA svayaM haiM, dUsare ke pariNamana ke kartA nahIM haiN| Age calakara AcArya amRtacandra likhate haiM AsaMsArata eva dhAvati. paraM kurve'hamityuccakaiH durvAraM nanu mohinAmiha mahAhaMkArarUpaM tmH| tadbhUtArthaparigraheNa vilayaM yadyekavAraM vrajet tat kiM jJAnaghanasya baMdhanamaho bhUyo bhvedaatmnH|| 55 // arthAt saMsArI prANiyoM kI anAdi kAla se hI aisI daur3a laga rahI hai ki maiM para ko aisA kara luuN| yaha mohI ajJAnI puruSoM kA mithyA ahaMkAra hai| jaba taka yaha TUTa na ho, taba taka usakA karma-bandha nahIM chuutttaa| isIlie vaha duHkhI hotA hai aura bandhana meM par3atA hai| isI ko spaSTa karane ke lie unhoMne yaha siddhAnta sthApita kiyA hai ki AtmabhAvAnkarotyAtmA parabhAvAnsadA prH| Atmaiva hyAtmano bhAvAH parasya para eva te|| 56 // isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki AtmA apane hI bhAvoM kA kartA hai aura paradravyoM ke dharma aura vijJAna :: 491 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #501
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhAvoM kA (parivartanoM kA) kartA paradravya hI hai| AtmabhAva AtmA hI hai / eka ko dUsaroM ke sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa kA kartA mAnanA ajJAnatA hai| yadi aisA mAna liyA jAe to phira svayaM - kRta zubhAzubha - karma niSphala siddha hoNge| isa sandarbha meM AcArya amitagati kA yaha kathana smaraNIya hai svayaM kRtaM karma yadAtmanA purA, phalaM tadIyaM labhate shubhaashubhm| pareNa dattaM yadi labhyate sphuTaM, svayaM kRtaM karma nirarthakaM tadA / / nijArjitaM karma vihAya dehino, na ko'pi kasyApi dadAti kiMcana / vicArayannevamananyamAnasaH paro dadAtIti vimucya zemuSIm / / isa taraha jaina- karma - siddhAnta daivavAda nahIM, apitu adhyAtmavAda hai, kyoMki isameM dRzyamAna sabhI avasthAoM ko karmajanya kahakara yaha pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai ki 'AtmA alaga hai aura karmajanya zarIra alaga hai' isa bheda - vijJAna kA sarvocca upadeSTA hone ke kAraNa jaina-karma-siddhAnta adhyAtmavAda kA hI dUsarA nAma siddha hotA hai / jaina jaivika cintana nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se jo cetana hai, prANa dhAraNa karatA hai aura jIvita hai, jIva dravya se abhihita kiyA gayA hai / vyavahAra kI dRSTi se Ayu, bala, zvAsocchvAsa, evaM indriya- ina cAra prANoM se jo jIvita rahatA hai, use jIva- dravya kahate haiM / jIva ke mukhya rUpa se do bheda haiM: saMsArI jIva aura mukta jIva / saMsArI jIvoM ke bhI do bheda batAye gaye haiM: trasa aura sthAvara jIva / indriyoM kI apekSA se jIvoM ke pA~ca bheda haiM: ekendriya jIva, dvIndriya jIva, tri - indriya jIva, caturindriya jIva evaM paMcendriya jiiv| sthAvara jIva pA~ca prakAra ke hote haiM : pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspatikAyika jIva / calate-phirate trasa jIvoM kI zreNI meM do se paMcendriya jIva samAhita haiM / indriyoM ke AdhAra para yaha vargIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai / 1 jIva kI jaivika yAtrA ke vividha AyAmoM kI mImAMsA karane ke krama meM caurAsI lAkha jaivika jAtiyoM / prakAroM kA abhilekhana tattvArthasUtra ke bhASyakAra ne prastuta karate hue sirpha jaivika vividhatA kI AkhyA prastuta kI hai, pratyuta janma, jIvana, mRtyu, punarjanma Adi ke cakra kI anantatA kI bhI AkhyA prastuta kI hai- paryAvaraNIya samagratA ke sandarbha meN| jaivika rUpoM ke vaividhya kI carcA taba aura vismayakArI ho jAtI hai, jaba luvenhAka ke sUkSmadarzI ke AviSkAra ke sadiyoM pahale hI AcAryoM dvArA sUkSmadarziyoM kA vistRta vivaraNa gahare - vizleSaNa ke sAtha upalabdha hotA hai / nigoda kI saMjJA se abhihita ina sUkSmajIvoM ke AkAra, prakAra guNoM ke vizada varNana ke atirikta pRthvIkAya, vAyukAya, jalakAya jIvoM kA bhI vistRta varNana sampUrNa jaivika jagat ke prati AcAryoM 492 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #502
ke saMvedanazIla dRSTikoNoM evaM gahare vastuniSTha jJAna ko AkhyAyita karatA hai| sparza, ghrANa, rasanA, cakSu Adi aindrika caitanyazIlatA ke AdhAra para jaivika vargIkaraNa ko Adhunika vargIkaraNa paddhatiyoM ke kAphI samIpa mahasUsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| jIvoM ke guNoM kI vyAkhyA ke krama meM unakI vaya kA tathyaparaka vizleSaNa, cetanazIlatA aura prajananazIlatA kA vistRta prastutIkaraNa Adhunika-jIva-vaijJAnikoM ko vismita karatA prakRti-cintana : paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa Atmika utkarSa kI sAdhanA ke abhikrama meM vratIya upakrama paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa ke bhI preraka nimita rUpoM meM AkhyAyita hue haiN| vrata aura niyamoM kI eka vaijJAnika sAdhanA ahiMsaka-patha para mokSamArgIya sAdhanA ke jariye karmoM kI nirjarA ke krama meM, pratyeka upakrama, pratyeka AcaraNa, pratyeka pravRtti- calane meM, uThane-baiThane meM, varNya-padArthoM ke visarjana meM, jalAzayoM meM snAna karane, vastra-prakSAlana meM, AjIvikA ke cayana meM hiMsAparipoSita vANijya-unmukha gativadhiyoM ko sphUrta karane meM, jIvoM ko pratAr3ita karane, bandhaka banAne yA unheM kaSTa dekara Arthika upArjana karane meM, yA phira jIvoM ke ghAta se jur3e vyavasAyoM se pUrNa virati jahA~ AtmotthAna ke upakramoM ko saMbalita karatI hai,vahIM prAkRtika saMrakSaNa, dhAraNIya vikAsa evaM pAristhitika santulana ko sahajatA ke sAtha saphalatApUrvaka sunizcita bhI karatI hai, pUrNa sakArAtmakatA ke saath| __jainadharma ne sarvAdhika paudhoM ko apanAe jAne kA sandeza bhI diyA hai| sabhI 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke alaga-alaga 24 paudhe haiN| buddha aura mahAvIra sahita aneka mahApuruSoM ne ina vRkSoM ke nIce baiThakara hI nirvANa yA mokSa ko paayaa| jainadharma meM caityavRkSoM yA vanasthalI kI paramparA rahI hai| cetanA-jAgaraNa meM pIpala, azoka, baragada Adi vRkSoM kA vizeSa rekhAMkana kiyA gayA hai| ye vRkSa bharapUra oNksIjana dekara vyakti kI cetanA ko jAgrata banAe rakhane meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAte haiN| isalie isa taraha ke sabhI vRkSoM ke Asa-pAsa cabUtarA banAkara unheM surakSita kara diyA jAtA thA, tAki vahA~ vyakti baiThakara hI zAnti kA anubhava kara sakatA hai| samyaktva-samanvita cintana : jainadharma kI vaijJAnika dRSTi-mukti patha para ArohaNa vijJAna eka satata abhikriyA hai aura dharma kI cetanA meM bhI hai abhivyApta eka cirantana tattva aura eka nirmala tathA zucitApUrNa pravAha jo jJAna kI, darzana kI aura AcaraNa ke bhI samyaktva kI pavitra sattA ko rekhAMkita karatA hai| vizuddha jJAna vastuniSTha dharma aura vijJAna :: 493 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #503
hai, anAgrahI hai, anAsakta hai aura karatA hai satya kA bahuvidha saMsparza bhii| citta caitya hai, yAnI satya cetanA-svarUpa hai| vijJAna meM tarka kA avasara rahatA hai, to jainadharma kA vaijJAnika darzana bhI kArya-kAraNa sambandha ko rekhAMkita karatA hai| satya aura jJAna bhinna nahIM, pratyuta eka sikke ke do pahalU haiM, jinake sandhAna meM vijJAna bhI sannaddha hai, to dharma kI bhI vahI to maMjila hai| satya jAnanA hai, mAnanA nhiiN| mAnanA dAsatA hai; anya kI khoja va mAnyatA ke prati samarpaNa hai| jAnanA nija kA hai, nija kA anubhava karatA hai- jJAtA, draSTA bhAva kI prinnti| jIvana kA satya aura gaNita atIva rahasyapUrNa hai| jAnanA vijJAna hai, jisameM khoja nirantara hai| jaina dRSTi jAnane kI hai| tIrthaMkara mArga dikhAte haiM, banAte nahIM haiN| ve draSTA-jJAtA hokara sAkSI hote haiN| kisI bhASA, vicAra, AcAra yA vyavahAra meM ba~dhate nahIM haiM, bA~dhate bhI nhiiN| hara nayA prayoga apane samaya meM krAnti kA svarUpa aMgIkRta kara parivartana lAtA hai aura bana jAtA hai; vahI, samaya ke sAtha, paramparA bhii| isalie, jAnanA, dekhanA aura bodha karanA hI jIvana-krAnti hai, vaijJAnika dRSTi ke sAtha jIvana jIne kI kalA hai| jaina dharma-darzana isI krAnti kA praNetA hai| vahA~ na vyakti ke prati Agraha hai aura na hI kisI vicAra yA phira mata ke prati durAgraha bhii| AcAra meM ahiMsA, vicAra meM anekAnta aura vyavahAra meM 'bhI' sUtra aisI anupama yuti hai, jisameM vivAda, hiMsA yA hastakSepa kA avasara hI nahIM rahatA hai aura dharma ke vastusvabhAvI svarUpa kI saphala sAdhanA ho jAtI hai| do dhArAoM ke sammilana kA yaha mAtra sandhi-sthala nahIM, pratyuta yaha to hai eka samekita-cintana pravAha, jahA~ sAdhanA meM rur3ha tattva nahIM, ADambara nahIM, thopI huI zraddhA nahIM, bojha bana gayI ArAdhanA-paddhati nahIM balki citta meM pravAhita hone vAlA pavitra aura nirmala pravAha hai sAtvikatA kA, caitanyazIlatA kA aura mukti kI sAdhanAzIlatA kA bhI, samyaktva ke cintana se sphUrta rahakara; sdaiv| sandarbha : 1. tattvArthasUtra :umAsvAmI; 1994, a klAsika mainuala phaoNra aMDarasTaiMDiMga da TU necara Apha ___rieliTI-nathamala TaTiyA, hArpara kaoNlinsa, saina phrAMsisko 2. da kamplITa varka Apha aristto| Tala; jonAthana bArnesa (sama.), 1984, prisaMTana yUnIvarsiTI 3. da hiDena hArTa Apha da kosamosa: hyUmAnitI eNDa da niu sTorI: brAina svimme; 1996, __mairiknola, nyuyorka 4. jaina sUtra: AcArAMga sUtra evaM kalpasUtraH harmana jaikobI, 1984. Dovara, nyuyorka 494 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #504
5. jaina yogaH a sarve oNpha da meDivala zrAvakAcAra; 1984. AksaphorDa yUnIvarsiTI presa 6. sAiMTiphika AiDiyAsa ina jaina kainonikala rAiTiMgsa eNDa TreDIsansa ina lAipha thoTa eNDa ___kalcara ina iNDiyAH ela.sI. jaina; 2001, pI.eca.AI.pI.yI., naI dillI 7. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparAH sva. DA. nemicaMdra zAstrI; 1976, prAcya zramaNa bhAratI, meraTha 8. varaiyA smRti granthaH sama. sva. DA. nemicaMdra zAstrI; 1963. a. bhA. di. jaina vidvata prissd| 9. jaina spiricuala ekolojI: nalina ke. zAstrI. 2007, satIzacaMdra jaina abhinandana grantha, dillI 10. inavAyaranameMTa eNDa nAna-pajezanaH nalina ke. zAstrI; 2011, jaina vizva bhAratI vizvavidyAlaya prstuti| dharma aura vijJAna :: 495 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #505
gaNita DaoN. anupama jaina kisI kAla-vizeSa meM gaNitIya jJAna kI samRddhi usa deza kI usa kAla meM sabhyatA kI unnata avasthA ko vyakta karatI hai| bhArata meM gaNitIya vikAsa kI paramparA 78 hajAra varSa prAcIna hai| moina-jo-dAro kI khudAI meM prApta avazeSa tathA vedoM meM saMkhyAsUcaka zabdoM, yoga, guNana Adi kI saMkriyAoM tathA paravartI sAhitya saMhitAoM, brAhmaNoM, upaniSadoM ke sandarbha isake puSTa pramANa haiN| jaina evaM bauddha sAhitya meM bhI gaNitIya abhiruci kI yatheSTa sAmagrI upalabdha hai| zramaNa evaM vaidika donoM paramparAoM ke sAhitya meM upalabdha gaNitIya sAmagrI ko bhAratIya gaNita kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai|' ___jaina Agama granthoM evaM unakI TIkAoM, niyuktiyoM, bhASyoM tathA jainAcAryoM dvArA pAramparika jJAna ke AdhAra para racita granthoM yathA SaTkhaNDAgama', kaSAyaprAbhRta', AcArya kundakanda dvArA racita paMcAstikAya', AcArya umAsvAmI praNIta tattvArtha sUtra evaM unake TIkA sAhitya meM nihita gaNitIya jJAna ko jaina gaNita kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai| TIkA sAhitya ke atirikta mUla evaM TIkA-granthoM meM Agata viSayavastu ko spaSTa karane ke bhAva se lokaracanA viSayaka svatantra granthoM tiloyapaNNattI (triloka-prajJapti), tiloyasAra (trilokasAra)', jaMbUdIva-paNNatti-saMgaho (jambUdvIpa prajJapti saMgraha), loya vibhAga (loka vibhAga) tathA gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa, karmakANDa)", labdhisAra", kSapaNAsAra', siddhAntasAra dIpaka, trailokya dIpaka", triloka darpaNa Adi kA bhI sRjana kiyA gayA, jo aneka maulika gaNitIya saMkriyAoM evaM sUtroM se samRddha haiN| jaina paramparA ke AcAryoM zrIdhara", mahAvIra", siMhatilakasUri", rAjAditya", Thakkarapheru, hemarAja godIkA ne laukika gaNita ke viSayoM ko spaSTa karane hetu svatantra gaNitIya granthoM kA sRjana kiyA evaM ye-saba jaina gaNita kI amUlya nidhiyA~ haiN| 1912 meM ema. raMgAcArya dvArA mahAvIrAcArya kRta 'gaNita-sAra-saMgraha' ke prakAzana se pUrva bhAratIya gaNita kI isa mahattvapUrNa zAkhA se koI paricita nahIM thaa| pro. bI.bI. datta dvArA hI 1929 meM 'The Jaina School of Mathematics 22 zIrSaka Alekha ke prakAzana ke mAdhyama se bhAratIya gaNita kI isa mahattvapUrNa zAkhA ke samagra adhyayana kA patha prazasta kiyA gyaa| 496 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #506
gaNita kA eka uddezya gaNanA sambandhI mADala prastuta karanA hai, kintu mahAvIrAcArya (850 I.) 'gaNita-sAra-saMgraha' meM likhate haiM bahubhirvipralApaiH kiM trailokye scraacre| yatkiMcidvastu tatsarvaM gaNitena binA na hi||7| aura vyartha ke pralApoM se kyA lAbha hai? jo-kucha ina tInoM lokoM meM carAcara vastue~ haiM unakA astitva gaNita se vilaga (alaga) nahIM hai| __ Atma-kalyANa ke pradhAna lakSya ko lekara dIkSA lene vAle jaina AcAryoM/muniyoM tathA sudhI svAdhyAyI vijJapuruSoM kA lakSya gaNita kA vikAsa kabhI nahIM rahA, tathApi jaina sAhitya meM nimnAMkita uddezyoM kI prApti hetu gaNita kA sAdhana ke rUpa meM prayoga huaa| 1. loka ke svarUpa ke vivecana, tIna loka evaM usake vividha khaNDoM ke AkAra, prakAra, kSetraphala, ghanaphala Adi prApta krnaa| isa krama meM laukika gaNita ke viSaya vivecita hue| 2. karmoM kI prakRtiyoM ke vizleSaNa, bheda-prabheda, samasta jIva rAziyoM kI gaNanA, AyuSya, saMkhyAta-asaMkhyAta, ananta viSayaka gaNitIya siddhAntoM kI sthaapnaa| isameM lokottara gaNita kA vikAsa huA, jisameM karma ke nikAyoM (Systems) kA vikAsa samAviSTa hai| laukika gaNita ke kSetra meM zUnya kA prayoga evaM dAzamika sthAnamAna sUciyoM kA vikAsa bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| vaidika paramparA ke granthoM yajurveda kI yAjJavalkya, vAjasaneya kRta vAjasaneyI saMhitA tathA taittarIya saMhitA meM 101% (arthAt 20 padoM) taka kI sUcI milatI hai24, kintu jainAcArya mahAvIra (850 I.) ne sarvaprathama 24 sthAnoM kI sthAnamAna sUcI dI, jisameM aneka pada naye haiN| tIrthaMkaroM kI saMkhyA 24 hone ke kAraNa hI sambhavataH mahAvIrAcArya ko 24 padoM kI sUcI banAne kA vicAra AyA? 01 daza 10 eka zata sahasra daza sahana lakSa daza lakSa koTi daza koTi zat koTi gaNita ::497 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #507
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra arbuda nyarbuda kharva mahAkharva padma mahApadma choNI mahAchoNI zaMkha mahAzaMkha kSityA mahAkSityA kSobha mahAkSobha 1023 sampUrNa jaina vAGmaya ko viSayAnusAra vibhAjana ke krama meM 4 anuyogoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jAtA hai 25 7010 1011 498 :: jainadharma paricaya 7012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 www. kobatirth.org 1022 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 1. prathamAnuyoga 2. karaNAnuyoga 3. caraNAnuyoga 4. dravyAnuyoga gaNita kA viSaya pramukhataH karaNAnuyoga meM pAyA jAtA hai, kintu zeSa 3 anuyogoM meM bhI prasaMgavaza yatra-tatra gaNitIya viSaya Aye haiM / zvetAmbara - paramparA ke anuyogavibhAjana meM gaNitAnuyoga eka svatantra anuyoga hai / anya tIna anuyoga haiM- dharmakathAnuyoga, -karaNAnuyoga evaM dravyAnuyoga / caraNa tiloyapaNNattI, tiloyasAra Adi karaNAnuyoga ke granthoM meM kAlamAna, kSetramAna evaM dravyamAna kI atyanta vistRta sUciyA~ dI gayI haiM / ina sUciyoM meM yatra-tatra kiMcit matabheda bhI haiM, tathApi ye sUciyA~ jainAcAryoM kI sUkSma dRSTi evaM vizAla saMkhyAoM meM abhiruci vyakta karatI haiN| kAlamAna-karaNAnuyoga ke prAcIna grantha tiloyapaNNattI (triloka prajJapti) meM AcArya yativRSabha ne nimna sUcI dI hai, jo thor3e-bahuta parivartanoM sahita jaina paramparA ke anya granthoM jaMbUdvIva- paNatti - saMgaho, tiloyasAra, harivaMzapurANa, rAjavArtika Adi meM bhI milatI hai, kintu jainetarara- paramparA meM upalabdha nahIM hai| jaina paramparAnusAra kAla kI For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #508
sUkSmatama avibhAjya ikAI samaya hai| eka paramANu ke eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza taka mandagati se jAne meM lagane vAlA kAla samaya hai| yathA jaghanya yukta asaMkhyAta samaya = 1 AvalI saMkhyAta AvalI 2880 ___ = 12 ucchvAsa - 3773 sekeNDa 185 7 ucchvAsa __- 1 stoka - 5100 sekeNDa 5391 = 3731 sekeNDa 7 stoka = 1 lava = 1lava 38- lava = 1 nAr3I (ghar3I) = 24 miniTa 2 nAr3I = 1 muhUrta 48 miniTa 30 muhUrta = 1 ahorAtra 15 ahorAtra = 1 pakSa 2 pakSa = 1 mAsa 2 mAsa = 1 Rtu 3 Rtu = 1 ayana 2 ayana = 1 varSa 5 varSa = 1 yuga isake bAda digambara evaM zvetAmbara paramparAoM meM antara hai| digambara paramparA zvetAmbara paramparA 84 lAkha varSa __= 1 pUrvAMga 84 lAkha varSa 1 pUrvAMga 84 lAkha pUrvAMga = 1 pUrva 84 lAkha pUrvAMga - 1 pUrva 84 pUrva = 1 parvAMga 84 lAkha pUrva = 1 truTitAMga 84 lAkha parvAMga = 1 parva 84 lAkha truTitAMga = 1 truTita 84 parva = 1 niyutAMga 84 lAkha truTita = 1 aDaDAMga 84 lAkha niyutAMga = 1 niyuta 84 lAkha aDaDAMga = 1 aDaDa 84 niyuta = 1 kumudAMga 84 lAkha aDaDa - 1 avavAMga 84 lAkha kumudAMga - 1 kumuda 84 lAkha avavAMga = 1 avava 84 kumuda - 1 padmAMga 84 lAkha avava = 1 hUhUkAMga 84 lAkha padmAMga = 1 padma 84 lAkha hUhUkAMga = 1 hUhUka 84 padma . = 1 nalinAMga 84 lAkha hUhUka = 1 utpalAMga gaNita ::499 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #509
84 lAkha nalinAMga = 1 nalina 84 lAkha utpalAMga = 1 utpala 84 nalina = 1 kamalAMga 84 lAkha utpala = 1 padmAMga 84 lAkha kamalAMga = 1 kamala 84 lAkha padmAMga - 1 padma 84 kamala = 1 truTitAMga 84 lAkha padma = 1 nalinAMga 84 lAkha truTitAMga = 1 truTita 84 lAkha nalinAMga = 1 nalina 84 truTita = 1 aTaTAMga 84 lAkha nalina = 1 arthanipurAMga 84 lAkha aTTAMga = 1 aTTa / 84 lAkha arthanipurAMga = 1 arthanipura 84 aTTa = 1 amamAMga 84 lAkha arthanipura - 1 ayutAMga 84 lAkha amamAMga = 1 amama 84 lAkha ayutAMga = 1 ayuta 84 amama = 1 hAhAMga 84 lAkha ayuta = 1 prayutAMga 84 lAkha hAhAMga = 1 hAhA 84 lAkha prayutAMga = 1 prayuta 84 hAhA = 1 hUhU aMga 84 lAkha prayuta = 1 nayutAMga 84 lAkha hUhU aMga = 1 hUhU 84 lAkha nuyatAMga = 1 nayuta 84 hUhU ___ = 1 latAMga 84 lAkha nayuta = 1cUlikAMga 84 lAkha latAMga = 1 latA 84 lAkha cUlikAMga = 1 cUlikA 84 latA = 1 mahAlatAMga 84 lAkha cUlikA=1 zIrSa prahelikAMga 84 lAkha mahAlatAMga = 1 mahAlatA 84 lAkha zIrSa prahelikAMga=1 prahelikA 84 lAkha mahAlatA = 1 zrIkalpa 84 lAkha zrIkalpa . = 1 hastaprahelita 84 lAkha hastaprahelita = 1 acalAtma rAzi acalAtma bahuta bar3I saMkhyA hai| isakA mAna (84)31 x 1090 varSa hai| kiMcit bhinna rUpa meM zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhI kAlamAna kI sUcI milatI hai, jisameM utkRSTa saMkhyAta zIrSa prahelikA hai28 evaM isakA mAna aura bhI bar3A (8400000)28 = 8428 x 10140 hai| isa bAre meM zvetAmbara-paramparA kI ballabhI-vAcanA evaM mAthurIvAcanA ke granthoM meM bhI matabheda hai| isI prakAra kSetra kI mApa hetu dravya ke avibhAgI aMza ko paramANu kahA hai| jaina paramparA kA paramANu Adhunika paramANu se bhinna bahuta sUkSma hai| anantAnanta paramANu = 1 avasannAsanna 8 avasannAsanna = 1 sannAsanna 8 sannAsanna = 1 truTareNu (vyavahArANu) 8 truTareNu = 1 trasareNu 8 trasareNu = 1 rathareNu 8 rathareNu = 1 uttama bhogabhUmi kA bAlAgra 500 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #510
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 8 u.bho. bhU. bA 8 ma.bho.bhU.bA 8 ja.bho. bhU. bA 8 ka. bho. bhU. bA 8 likSA 8 jU~ 8 yava 500 utsedhAMgula 24 aMgula 4 hasta 2000 dhanuSa 4 koza 500 yojana = = = = = = = = = = = www. kobatirth.org = 1 madhyama bhogabhUmi kA bAlAgra 1 jaghanya bhogabhUmi kA bAlAgra 1 karma bhogabhUmi kA bAlAgra 1 likSA 1 jU~ 1 yava 1 utsedhAMgula 1 pramANAMgula 1 hasta 1 daNDa / dhanuSa 1 koza 1 yojana 1 pramANa yojana 4545.45 mIla lagabhaga hai / mAtra itanA hI nahIM, lokottara gaNita ke antargata jo gaNita AtA hai, usakI prakRti laukika gaNita se bilkula bhinna hai / usameM palya, sAgara, upamA mAna Adi kI ikAiyA~ haiN| loka kI racanA meM prayukta ikAI rajju (rAju) bhI asaMkhyAta prakRti kI hai, jisakI saTIka gaNanA sambhava nahIM hai / kevala anumAna hI lagAye jA rahe haiM / vaidika paramparA meM jahA~ jyAmiti kA prArambhika vikAsa yajJa - vedikAoM kI racanA hetu kiyA gayA thA, vahIM jaina paramparA meM loka ke vibhinna bhAgoM ke AkAra, prakAra, kSetraphala, Ayatana, jIva rAziyoM kI saMkhyA Adi ke jJAna hetu jyAmiti kA vikAsa huaa| jaina paramparA meM gaNita ke kina-kina prakAroM kI carcA hai, isake viSaya meM jAnakArI dene vAlI eka gAthA sthAnAMgasUtra meM hai / dasavidhe saMkhANe paNNatte taM jahA ! Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir = parikammaM vavahAro rajjU rAsI kalAsavanne (kalAsavaNNe) y| jAvaMtAvati vaggo dhaNoya ta taha vagga vaggovi kappo ya / ta / P isa gAthA meM saMkhyAna (gaNita) ke 10 prakAroM kI carcA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra ke vyAkhyAkAra abhayadeva sUri ne sarvaprathama isakI vyAkhyA prastuta kI thii| isake pazcAt bI. bI. datta, eca. Ara. kApar3iyA, mukuTa bihArIlAla agravAla, bI. ela. upAdhyAya, ela. sI. jaina Adi vidvAnoM ne apanI-apanI dRSTiyoM se inakI vyAkhyAe~ prastuta kI haiN| hama yahA~ vibhinna matoM ko sAraNIbaddha kara rahe haiM For Private And Personal Use Only gaNita : : 501

Page #511
kra. zabda | abhayadeva sUri kA mata bI.bI. datta kA mata Adhunika mata / laM DA 1. parikamma | saMkalana Adi aMkagaNita ke parikarma (8) aMka gaNita ke Ava | mUlabhUta parikarma 2. vavahAro zreNI vyavahAra yA aMkagaNita ke parikarmoM aMka gaNita ke ATha pATI gaNita para AdhArita prazna parikarmoM para AdhArita prazna | samatala jyAmiti | rekhA gaNita lokottara gaNita (lokottara pramANa) 4. rAsI annoM kI DherI rAziyoM kA Ayatana samuccaya siddhAnta Adi nikAlanA 5. kalAsavanne | bhinna bhinna bhinna 6. jAvat-tAvat | prAkRtika sNkhyaaoN| | sarala samIkaraNa sarala samIkaraNa kA guNana yA saMkalana 7. vaggo | varga varga samIkaraNa varga samIkaraNa 8. ghaNo ghana ghana samIkaraNa ghana samIkaraNa 9. vagga-vaggo | caturtha ghAta caturtha ghAta samIkaraNa ucca ghAta samIkaraNa 10. vikappo krakacikA vyavahAra vikalpa gaNita vikalpa evaM bhaMga (kramacaya, saMcaya) uparyukta sAraNI se spaSTa hai ki jaina-AgamoM meM nihita gaNitIya viSayoM kI sUcI atyanta vyApaka hai aura usameM gaNita kA bahuta-bar3A kSetra samAhita hai| jaina gaNita kI katipaya maulikatAe~ nimna prakAra haiM jainAcAryoM ne saMkhyA kA prArambha 2 se kiyA hai, yadyapi ve gaNanA kI prakriyA 1 se zurU karate haiN| unakI dRSTi meM saMkhyA samUha kI bodhaka hotI hai evaM 1 (eka) vastu vyAvahArika dRSTi se koI samUha nahIM banAtI saMkhyAe~ hI jaba vyaSTi rUpa meM ginatI/gaNanA ke kAma AtI haiM, taba ginatiyA~ kahalAtI haiN| isa prakAra sarvAdhika choTI saMkhyA jaghanya saMkhyAta 2 hai| aisI saMkhyAe~ jinake varga meM se svayaM saMkhyA ko ghaTAne para saMkhyA se adhika zeSa bacatA haikA eka anya varga kRti banAyA gayA hai saMkSiptataH, jo nimna prakAra hai(i) ginatiyA~ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,. (ii) saMkhyAe~ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,. (iii) kRtiyA~ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,.... 2. jainAcAryoM ne saMkhyAoM ko vyakta karane hetu aneka vidhiyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| yathA (i) aMkoM dvArA 502 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #512
(ii) akSara-saMketoM dvArA (iii) zabda-saMketoM dvArA pratyeka aMka athavA saMkhyA ko vyakta karane vAle aneka akSara evaM zabda niyata haiN| ina zabdoM kA cayana jaina vAGmaya se kiyA jAtA hai| yathA ratna 3 ke lie, gati 4 ke lie, indriyA~ 5 ke lie, dravya 6 ke lie, tattva 7 ke lie, guNasthAna 14 ke lie, tIrthaMkara 24 ke lie| akSaroM dvArA aMkoM ko likhane kI paddhati gommaTasAra meM upalabdha hai| aMkoM evaM akSaroM donoM ke mAdhyama se saMkhyAoM ko vyakta karane kI aneka vidhiyoM kA prayoga jaina-granthoM meM milatA hai| (i) dAyIM ora se bAyIM ora taka pratyeka aMka kA pratipAdana evaM vyutkrm| (ii) sthAna mAna ke AdhAra para aMkoM kA prtipaadn| (ii) Adi evaM anta ke aMkoM kA ullekha kara madhya ke tulya aMkoM kA eka-sAtha ullekh| (iv) kisI saMkhyA ke varga yA ghana ke rUpa meM kisI saMkhyA ko vyakta krnaa| (v) zabdoM dvArA aMkoM kA sthAna-kramAnusAra ullekh| jainAcAryoM ne samasta saMkhyAoM ko 3 mukhya vargoM evaM punaH 21 upavargoM meM vibhAjita kara unameM antara evaM krama nirdhArita kiyA hai| (i) saMkhyAta-jahA~ taka gaNanA sambhava hai| (ii) asaMkhyAta-gaNanA se Age kI rAzi kintu agaNanIya ananta se chottii| (iii) ananta-asaMkhyAta se bar3I, kintu vyaya hone para bhI ananta kAla taka na samApta hone vaalii| punaH saMkhyAta ko 3, asaMkhyAta ko 9 evaM ananta ko 9 bhedoM meM vibhAjita kara unameM sUkSma-antara kiyA hai| ananta ko svarUpa evaM prakRti ke AdhAra para 11 bhedoM meM alaga se bhI vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| jaina AcAryoM ne bar3I saMkhyAoM ko vyakta karane hetu ghAtAMkoM ke Adhunika siddhAntoM, alpa-bahutva kI maulika rIti, vargita saMvargita kI rIti kA prayoga kiyA hai| isake antargata 2 kA tRtIya vargita saMvargita 256256 kI vizAla rAzi hai| prathama, dvitIya evaM tRtIya vargita saMvargita nimnAMkita haiM3221' = 2 2 ={2}2} 3. Piy' = {{2per starfol = 256 gaNita :: 503 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #513
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 6. = 256x256x256.. . bAra guNA karAnA = bahuta bar3I saMkhyA 5. arddhaccheda evaM vargazalAkA ke nAma se Adhunika laghuguNaka (Lograthims) ke siddhAntoM kA prayoga tiloyapaNNattI evaM dhavalA meM kiyA gayA hai| pAzcAtya vaijJAnika inake AviSkAra kA zreya John Napier (1550-1617 A.D.) evaM J. Burgi (1552.1632 A.D.) ko dete haiM, jo samyak nahIM hai| pro. e.ena.siMha ne ise pUrNata: jainiyoM kA aviSkAra mAnA hai / 'tiloyapaNNattI' meM log,, log, milate haiM, kintu logo yA log nahIM / dhavalA TIkA meM isase sambaddha aneka sUtra bhI milate haiN| jaise log m.n = logm + logn 7. m log- = logm-logn n ananta evaM 0, saMketa haiM logm" = nlogm log logm" = logn + log logm evaM anya aneka sUtra diye haiM / jaina AcAryoM ne vibhinna gaNitIya rAziyoM, yathA- saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, ananta, zUnya, palya, sAgara, loka, jagazreNI, aMgula, dhanAMgula tathA gaNitIya prakriyAoMyoga antara, guNana, bhAga, arddhaccheda, vargazalAkA Adi ko vyakta karane hetu aneka cinhoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / ina saMketoM kA artha-grahaNa karanA vartamAna meM durUha avazya hai, kintu jaTila prakriyAoM ko isa mAdhmaya se atyanta saMkSepa meM vyakta kara diyA gayA hai| jo usa samaya gaNitIya vikAsa kA AdhAra bnii| saMkhyAta asaMkhyAta www. kobatirth.org I 504 :: jainadharma paricaya " Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ? jaga zreNI a jagapratara kha dhanaloka yo Adi aneka aMka gaNitIya, bIjIya evaM jyAmitIya pUrNAMka saMkhyAoM ke samAna hI bhinnoM ke vikAsa meM bhI jainAcAryoM kA ativiziSTa sthAna hai| sUryaprajJapti (500 I.pU.) meM aneka prakAra kI jaTila bhinnoM, unake guNana, bhAga, vyutkrama, viccheda Adi ke udAharaNa milate haiM / paravartI granthoM meM bhI inakA vyApaka rUpa meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai| jambadrIpa For Private And Personal Use Only E

Page #514
prajJapti, anuyoga dvAra sUtra evaM tiloyapaNNattI meM karaNIgata rAzi Va+E kA mAna ate/2a prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| zrIdhara kRta triMzatikA ke uparAnta dhavalA TIkA meM vitata bhinnoM kA sundara nirvacana anya udAharaNoM sahita upalabdha hai| ye prakaraNa pazcima meM bhArata meM vikasita hone ke bAda pracalita hue| mahAvIrAcArya (850 I.) ne bhinnoM ke yoga hetu laghuttama samApavartya kA niyama (niruddha nAma se) tathA kisI bhI bhinna ko ikAI aMza vAlI bhinnoM arthAt ekAMzaka bhinnoM ke padoM meM vyakta karane ke aneka niyama prastuta kiye haiN| ye donoM mahAvIrAcArya ke maulika yogadAna haiN| 8. mahAvIrAcArya (850 I.) ne sarvaprathama RNAtmaka saMkhyAoM kI prakRti meM vargamUla na hone ke kathana ke mAdhyama se prAkRtika saMkhyAoM meM RNAtmaka saMkhyAoM ke vargamUla kI upasthiti ko nkaaraa| unake isa prayAsa ne kAlpanika saMkhyAoM ke vikAsa kA patha prazasta kiyaa| 9. kramacaya evaM saMcaya kA viSaya jaina-sAhitya meM vizadatA ke sAtha bhaMga evaM vikalpa zIrSakoM ke antargata prAcIna kAla se upalabdha hai| yatra-tatra isako prastAra, parivartana, AlApa kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| bhagavatI sUtra, sthAnAMgasUtra, anuyogadvArasUtra (150 I.pU.-150 I.) meM vastuoM meM se 1, 2, 3..........vastuoM ko prApta karane ke niyama diye haiN| yathA ___ "c, =n _n(n-1) (n-2) _n(n-1) - "c = 1.2.3 "p = n "p2 = n(n-1) "py = n(n-1) (n-2) uparAnta likhA hai ki isI prakAra 5, 6, 7............10 saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta ke sandarbha meM inakA mAna jJAta kiyA jA sakatA hai| anuyogadvAra-sUtra kI hemacandrasUri- kRta TIkA se spaSTa hai ki isake vyApaka sUtroM C, 1.2 P (n-r)! kA jJAna jainAcAryoM ko thaa| bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi ne vizeSAvazyakabhASya (609 A.D.) meM bhadrabAhu kRta Avazyaka niyukti se 2 gAthAe~ uddhRta kI haiM, jisameM "p, = n! = n (n1) (n-2)----3.2.1 diyA hai| mahAvIrAcArya (850 I.) ne n vastuoM meM se r ke cayana kA vyApaka-sUtra diyA hai| gaNita :: 505 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #515
%3 Ma _ n(n-1) (n- 2).........{n -(r-1)} 1.2.3............r n! ___r!(n-r)! AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI kRta gommaTasAra meM bhI bhaMga saMjJA se isa viSaya kA sundara evaM vyAvahArika vivecana milatA hai| zreNiyoM ke sandarbha meM jainAcAryoM kA yogadAna advitIya hai tiloyapaNNattI, zrIdharAcArya kI triMzatikA, mahAvIrAcArya kRta gaNitasArasaMgraha, trilokasAra Adi 10vIM.za.I. ke pUrva ke granthoM meM evaM Thakkura pheru kI gaNitasAra-kaumudI meM zreNiyoM kA vyApaka-prayoga utkRSTatA ke sAtha upalabdha hai, kintu ina saba meM mahAvIrAcArya evaM A. nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI kA yogadAna sarvocca hai| 11. AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne 14 viziSTa avarohI anukramoM (Divergent Sequences) kA sundara vivecana trilokasAra meM prastuta kiyA 12. bIja gaNitIya samIkaraNoM ke kSetra meM bhI jainAcAryoM ne mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| prAcIna jaina granthoM sthAnAMgasUtra Adi meM samIkaraNoM ke prakAra Adi kA ullekha milatA hai, bIjIya rAziyoM se sambaddha mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI bhI upalabdha hai| bhAskarAcArya ke ullekhAnusAra zrIdhara ke anupalabdha grantha bIjagaNita meM dvighAta samIkaraNa ax+bx+c ko hala karane kI Adhunika rIti dI hai| caturAhatavargasamairUpaiH pakSadvayaM guNayet avyaktavargarUpairyukto pakSo tato mUlam / ' yadi samIkaraNa axi+bx=c hai, to 4a(axi+bx)+b=4ac+bi (2ax+b)=4ac+b v_-b+vb' +4ac 2a mahAvIrAcArya ne to eka ghAta, dvighAta, trighAta evaM bahughAta vAlI eka ajJAta rAzi evaM aneka ajJAta rAzi ke samIkaraNoM tathA yugapat-samIkaraNoM ko hala karane kI vidhiyA~ rocaka udAharaNoM sahita dI haiN| 13. jyAmiti meM bIjagaNita kA anuprayoga jainAcAryoM kA vaiziSTya hai| svecchApUrvaka 506 :: jainadharma paricaya X = For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #516
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra cayanita sArthaka janya bIja rAziyoM se kisI samakoNa kI racanA, eka nizcita bhujA vAle vibhinna samakoNa tribhujoM kI racanA, nizcita parimApa athavA kSetraphala vAle aneka samakoNa tribhujoM kI racanA, nizcita kSetraphala athavA anupAta ke Ayata yugaloM kI racanA ke niyama diye haiM / vastutaH eka nizcita karNa mAnA C vAle vibhinna samakoNoM kI zeSa do bhujAoM ke mApoM ke samUhoM kA jJAna karane hetu jo tathAkathita Fibonacci Sequence pracalita hai, vaha 1202 A. D. meM Fibonacci evaM Vieta (1580 A.D.) dvArA punaH AviSkRta hone ke pUrva 850 I. meM mahAvIrAcArya dvArA pratipAdita ho cukA thA 142 yathA kRta yugma tryoja C. dvApara yugma kalyoja www. kobatirth.org 4n+3 m-n _m2 + n2 14. Adhunika bIjagaNita (Modern Algebra) ke mUlAdhAra samuccaya kI abhidhAraNA hI nahIM apitu usake bheda, upabheda, udAharaNa una para saMkriyAe~, SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA meM rAzi - nAma se upalabdha haiM / rAzi yahA~ samuccaya kA hI paryAya hai| ekaikI saMgati (One-one Mapping) sukramabaddhI prameya (Well Ordering Theorem) kA vahA~ prayoga huA hai / vizvavikhyAta jaina - karma - siddhAnta kA Adhunika nikAya siddhAnta se advitIya sAmya hai / vahA~ karmoM ke Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA meM jina paddhatiyoM kA vivecana hai, ve saba vartamAna zatAbdI meM vikasita nikAya siddhAnta (System Theory) ke lagabhaga samakakSa haiM 3 = 2 4n+2 4n+1 yahA~ C, 15. sthAnAMga sUtra ( ThANaM) meM saMkhyAta saMkhyAoM kA vartamAna kI apekSA adhika vistRta vargIkaraNa milatA hai / 14 4n+4 = ( 2m n = Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir _m2 + n2 - Jc 3, 4, 11,.......... 4, 8, 12,........ 2, 6, 10,. 1, 5, 9, n = 0, 1, 2, 3.. saMkSiptataH jaina gaNita jaina sAhitya kI eka mahattvapUrNa vidhA hai, jisake adhyayana ke binA jainAgamoM vizeSataH karaNAnuyoga ke granthoM ko samyak prakAra se hRdayaMgama karanA zakya nahIM hai| gaNita ke kSetra meM jainAcAryoM kA yogadAna prazaMsanIya evaM aneka maulikatAoM se yukta hai, kintu abhI aneka gaNitIya pANDulipiyA~ aprakAzita haiN| isake prakAza meM Ane ke bAda hI gaNita ke kSetra meM jainAcAryoM ke yogadAna arthAt jaina gaNita kA vRhattara pakSa prakAza meM A sakegA / For Private And Personal Use Only gaNita : : 507

Page #517
sandarbha 1. pro. bI.bI. datta ne ise hindU gaNita kahA hai| unakI kAlajayI racanA History of Hindu Mathematics, vol. 1& 2, Motilal Banarsidas, Lahore, 1935, 39 Reprint Bhartiya Kala Prakashan, Delhi, 2001 meM vaidika evaM jaina paramparA ke gaNita ko samAhita kiyA gayA hai| 2. SaTkhaNDAgama, AcArya dharasena, dhavalA TIkA sahita, bhAga 1-16, saMpA.-DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, dvitIya saMskaraNa, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura, 1973 aadi| 3. kaSAyapAhur3a, AcArya guNadhara, AcArya yativRSabha kRta cUrNisUtroM sahita, bhA.di. jaina saMgha, mathurA, 1968 Adi 4. paMcAstikAya, AcArya kundakunda, paNDita ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa, jayapura, SaSTham saMskaraNa,1998 5. tattvArthasUtra, AcArya umAsvAmI (umAsvAti?), vive.-paM. phUlacandra zAstrI siddhAntAcArya, zrI gaNezavarNI di. jaina zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI, 1991 6. tiloyapaNNatti (trilokaprajJapti), bhAga 1-3 anu. AryikA vizuddhamatI, bhA. di. jaina mahAsabhA, koTA, 1984-90 7. trilokasAra (prAkRta tiloyasAra), AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI, anu.-A. vizuddhamatI, A. zivasAgara granthamAlA, zrImahAvIrajI, 1974 8. jambUdIva-paNNatti-saMgaho (jambUdvIpa prajJapti saMgraha), A. padmanandi, saMpA.-pro. hIrAlAla jaina evaM A. ne. upAdhye, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura, 1958 9. loka vibhAga, A. siMhasUrarSi kRta, saMpA.-pro. hIrAlAla jaina evaM A. ne. upAdhye, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura, 1962 10. gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa evaM karmakANDa), bhAga 1-4 saMpA, -siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAza candra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, 1979-80 11-12. labdhisAra-kSapaNAsAra, AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI, saMpA. - paM. ratnacanda mukhtAra, A. zivasAgara granthamAlA, zrImahAvIrajI, 1983 13. siddhAntasAradIpaka, bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti, TIkA-AryikA vizuddhamatI, A. zivasAgara granthamAlA, zrImahAvIrajI, 1981 14. trailokya dIpaka, paM. vAmadeva, aprakAzita, amara granthAlaya, indaura, pANDulipi kramAMka 293 15. triloka darpaNa, kavi khaDgasena, aprakAzita, amara granthAlaya, indaura, pANDulipi kramAM. 513 16. pATI gaNita, AcArya zrIdhara, sampAdana anuvAda-kRpA zaMkara zukla, lakhanaU vizvavidyAlaya, lakhanaU, 1968 triMzatikA, zrIdharAcArya, vyAkhyAkAra-DaoN. sudyumna AcArya, rASTrIya saMskRta saMsthAna, naI dillI, 2004 jyotirjJAnavidhi-AcArya zrIdhara, aprakAzita, ailaka pannAlAla di. jaina sarasvatI bhaNDAra, ujjaina pANDulipi kramAMka 661 17. gaNitasAra-saMgraha, mahAvIrAcArya, anuvAda pro. lakSmIcandra jaina, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura, 1963 508 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #518
18. gaNitatilaka, zrIpati, siMhatilakasUri kRta TIkA sahita, gAyakavAr3a oriyanTala sIrIja, bar3audA, 1937 19. vyavahAragaNita, rAjAditya, sampAdaka-ema. mariappA bhaTTa, madrAsa gavarnamenTa oriyanTala menuskripTa lAibrerI, madrAsa, 1955 20. gaNitasArakaumudI, Thakkara pheru, sampAdana evaM aMgrejI anuvAda Sakhaya manohara buksa, 2009 21. gaNitasAra-hemarAja kI eka ajJAta gaNitIya pANDulipi, jJAna dezanA 1 (1) janavarI-jUna 2008, pR. 77-84 22. B.B Datta, The Jaina School of Mathematics, B.C.M.S., Calcutta--21 (1929), pp 115-143 23. gaNitasAra saMgraha, mahAvIrAcArya, adhyAya-1, zloka-16, pR.-3 24. vAjasaneyI saMhitA, 17.2 evaM prAcIna bhAratIya gaNita, ba.la. upAdhyAya, pR. 106 25. ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra, adhyAya-2, gAthA 43-46, A. samantabhadra, sampA.-pannAlAla bAkalIvAla, jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, kalakattA, 1952 26. paMcAstikAya, gAthA-25 kI samaya vyAkhyA, pR. 50 27. tiloyapaNNatti, adhyAya-4, gAthA 308 28. vizva prahelikA, muni mahendra kumAra dvitIya, javerI prakAzana, mATuMgA, 1969, pR. 245 29. ThANaM (sthAnAMga), adhyAya-7, gAthA-100 30. trilokasAra, gAthA-15 31. tiloyapaNNattI, adhyAya-1, gAthA 310-312 32. dhavalA, pustaka-3, pR. 20 33. dhavalA, pustaka-3 evaM L.C. Jain, On Some Mathematical Topics of Dhavala Texts, IJ.H.S. (Calcutta) 11 (2), 1976, pR. 45-46 34. dhavalA, pustaka-3, pR. 45-46 35. gaNita-sAra-saMgraha, adhyAya-3, zloka 56 36. gaNita-sAra-saMgraha, adhyAya-1, zloka 75-84 37. gaNita-sAra-saMgraha, adhyAya-1, zloka-52 38. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, vaizAlI, gAthA 940, 941, pR. 248 39. gaNita-sAra-saMgraha, adhyAya-6 zloka-218 40. trilokasAra, gAthA 163-223 41. bhAskarIya bIjagaNita, vAsanA vyAkhyA sahita, kRSNadAsa akAdamI, vArANasI, 1997, avyakta varga samIkaraNa, pR. 221 42. gaNita-sAra-saMgraha, adhyAya-7, gAthA 1229 43. adhika vivaraNa hetu dekheM, L.C. Jain, Set theory in Jaina School of Mathematics, I.J.H.S. (Calcutta), 8 (1), 1973, pR. 1-27 44. ThANaM, adhyAya-4, gAthA 364, pR. 390 gaNita :: 509 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #519
bhUgola prAcArya abhayakumAra jaina varSeSu varSAntaraparvateSu, nandIzvare yAni ca mndressu| yAvanti caityAyatanAni loke, sarvANi vande jinapuMgavAnAm // "jaina bhUgola eka svagRha kA bodha karAne vAlA zAstra hai, eka jIvanadarzana hai, Thosa satya hai, kalpanA-mAtra nahIM hai|" "loka parijJAna se hamArI arntadRSTi khulatI hai| hamAre jJAna-darpaNa meM sabakucha sApha-sApha jhalakane lagatA hai| hamAre bhaTakana ke kSetra kyA haiM aura unakA svarUpa kyA hai? hamArI lokayAtrA kA bhUta-bhaviSya-vartamAna pUrI taraha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| hameM eka jIvana-darzana milatA hai, jo hameM AtmA kI ora le jAtA hai| yaha hameM hamAre bhaTakana ke kSetroM kA bodha karAke anantAnanta kI jAnakArI detA hai|" "ataH hama jaina bhUgola ko jAneM aura lokasvarUpa ko smjheN|... jainAcAryoM ne loka kA itanA vistRta varNana zAstroM/granthoM meM isIlie kiyA hai ki hama usa saMcaraNa maMca ko acchI taraha jAna-samajha leM, jisa para hama ajJAnI bane anAdi kAla se abhinaya karate A rahe haiN|" "Urdhvaloka, adholoka, svarga-naraka, dvIpa-samudra, sUrya-candra, graha-nakSatra Adi jaina bhUgola-khagola ke vivaraNa hamAre pratyakSa nahIM haiM, parokSa haiN| hamAre indriya jJAna se nahIM jAne jA skte| ye padArtha dUrArtha/dUravartI tathA atyanta prAcIna haiN| sabhI kevalIgamya haiM aura kevalI/sarvajJa prajJapta bhI haiN| ata: ye hamArI AsthA, zraddhA tathA vizvAsa ke viSaya haiN| jaina bhUgola dharmadhyAna kA bhI viSaya hai| dhyAnastha zramaNa saMsthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna meM loka ke svarUpa, vistAra Adi kA cintavana kiyA karate haiN|" jaina bhUgola kA pratipAdya- jaina bhUgola karaNAnuyoga kA viSaya hai| isameM loka 510 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #520
aloka kA vibhAga, loka-svarUpa, yuga-parivartana aura cAroM gatiyoM ke jIvoM kI sthiti kA nirUpaNa hotA hai|' loka kA svarUpa, sthiti, bheda, svarga-naraka, dvIpa-samudra, kSetrakulAcala, parvata-nadI-sarovara, deva-nArakI, manuSya-tiryaMca, kAla-parivartana, naraka-svargapaTala Adi kA sAMgopAMga-savistAra vivecana jaina bhUgola kA pramukha pratipAdya hai| jaina-vAGmaya meM bhUgola- AcArya zrI umAsvAmIkRta tattvArthasUtra ke tIsare-cauthe adhyAya meM jaina bhUgola-khagola kA saMkSepa meM pratipAdana hai, jisakA vistAra paravartI AcAryoM kI TIkAoM meM huA hai| anya jainAcAryoM ne bhI jaina bhUgola pratipAdaka svatantra granthoM kA sRjana kiyA hai| inameM AcArya yativRSabha kI tiloyapaNNattI ati-mahattvapUrNa evaM prAcInatama kRti hai| siddhAntacakravartI A. zrI nemicandrakRta trilokasAra dUsarI anupama racanA hai| inake sivAya lokavibhAga-(zrI siMhasUrarSikRta), jaMbUddIvapaNNattI-saMgaho(zrI padmanaMdikRta), jaMbUddIva-samAsa-(zrI umAsvAti kRta), saMghAyaNI-(zrI jinabhadrakRta), jaMbUddIva saMghAyaNI-(zrI haribhadrakRta), zAstrasArasamuccaya-trailokya darpaNa (abhayanandI muni kRta), bhuvanadIpaka-(hemaprabhasUri kRta) tathA vRhatkSetra-samAsa, lokavinizcaya, sUrapaNNatti, caMdapaNNatti, jambUddIvapaNNatti, lokasthiti (saMskRta) Adi anya jainabhUgola-khagola pratipAdaka svatantra grantha haiN| jaina purANakAroM ne bhI apanIapanI racanAoM meM loka-vibhAga, bhUgola-khagola Adi kA varNana prasaMgAnusAra yathAsthAna kiyA hai| trilokasAra bhASA vacanikA (paM. zrI ToDaramala), zrI motIlAla sarAphakRtajainajyotirloka, AryikAratna zrI jJAnamati mAtAjIkRta 'triloka-bhAskara' hindI kI anya upalabdha racanAe~ haiN| lokavijJAna viSayaka ye jaina grantha bar3e rocaka va jJAna-vardhaka haiN| ye jaina bhUgola-khagola kA yAthAtathya vizleSaNa karate haiN| paricaya dete haiN| ___ yahA~ prazna uThatA hai ki AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM/mokSamArga kI sAdhanA meM lokavijJAna ko jAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA/upayogitA hai? ise hama kyoM jAneM-samajheM? ___ lokavijJAna kI upayogitA-'tIrthaMkara' mAsika ke sampAdaka DaoN. nemicanda jaina ne agasta 1982 ke aMka kI sampAdakIya 'lokakathA' meM likhA hai-"yaha loka sAre dravyoM kA saMcaraNa maMca hai, jisa para yaha jIva anAdikAla se anavarata abhinaya kara rahA hai, para use apane pathya aura maMca kA thor3A bhI jJAna nahIM hai| 'lokaparijJAna' se jIva kI antardRSTi khulatI hai aura jJAna ke darpaNa meM saba-kucha sApha-sApha jhalakane lagatA hai-hamAre bhaTakane ke kSetra kyA haiM aura unakA svarUpa kyA hai? hamArI lokayAtrA kA bhUta-bhaviSya-vartamAna pUrI taraha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| hameM eka jIvana-darzana milatA hai, jo hameM AtmA kI ora le jAtA hai| ataH jaina bhUgola eka svagRha kA bodha karAne vAlA zAstra hai, eka jIvana-darzana hai, Thosa satya hai, kalpanA-mAtra nahIM hai| yaha hameM bhUgola :: 511 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #521
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org hamAre bhaTakana ke kSetroM kA bodha karAke asIma aura anantAnanta kI jAnakArI detA hai, jo hameM bhItara kI ora le jAtA hai / ataH hama jaina bhUgola ko jAneM aura lokasvarUpa ko samajheM / " Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir " jaina bhUgola kA sambandha 'karmasiddhAnta' se hai / karma hI hamArI loka - yAtrA kA niyAmaka tattva hai| karma hI hameM Upara svarga meM le jAte haiM, ye hI nIce narakoM meM Dhakelate haiM aura ye hI hameM bIca meM bharamAte haiM tathA ye hI hama ajJAniyoM ko saMsAra - sAgara meM Dubote haiN|" 44 'bhUgola = bhU-valaya zabda se hamAre cakrAkAra bhramaNa kA dRzya hamAre sAmane upasthita hotA hai| hama A~khoM para paTTI bA~dhe kolhU ke baila kI taraha ghUma rahe haiM / isIlie jainAcAryoM ne loka kA itanA vistRta varNana zAstroM / granthoM meM kiyA hai ki manuSya usa saMcaraNa - maMca ko acchI taraha jAna-samajha le, jisapara vaha ajJAnI banA nirantara abhinaya kara rahA hai / " - (tIrthaMkara - agasta 1982 ) 'lokavijJAna' ko jAnane-samajhane kI yahI AvazyakatA/upayogitA hai / 6 jaina bhUgola meM loka- aloka -- jaina bhUgola sRSTi/loka, usakA svarUpa, sthitivistAra, vibhAga aura usake nivAsiyoM kI vizada vivecanA karatA hai / 'loka' zabda yadyapi jana, bhuvana, avalokana, ihaloka - paraloka, sRSTi Adi aneka arthoM kA bodhaka hai+- tathApi jainavADmaya meM bhUgola ke sandarbha meM chaha dravyoM ke AdhArabhUta AkAza ko loka tathA usase bAhara ananta AkAza ko aloka' kahA gayA hai| jahA~ jIvAdi chaha dravya dekhe jAte haiM, vaha loka hai aura loka ke bAhara vistRta samasta ananta AkAza 'aloka yA alokAkAza hai / ' I lokasthiti/lokasvarUpa ' - ananta alokAkAza ke bIca nirAdhAra sIMke kI taraha loka kI sthiti hai / ananta - pradezI sarvAkAza ke bahumadhya bhAga meM AkAza ke bIcoMbIca 343 ghanarAjU kSetra meM asaMkhyAtapradezI loka hai / nizcaya se yaha akRtrima, anAdi, anadhika, svabhAva se niSpanna, sarvAkAza ke avayava svarUpa, amiTa (acala) ananta aura nitya hai / ise kisI ne banAyA nahIM hai aura na hari, hara Adi ise dhAraNa kie hue haiN| loka kA AkAra - pUrva-pazcima dizA meM loka kA AkAra kamara para donoM hAtha rakhakara pairoM ko phailAkara khar3e hue puruSa ke AkAra - jaisA hai| isakA adhobhAga vetrAsana ke samAna, madhyabhAga jhAlara yA thAlI ke samAna, aura UrdhvabhAga mRdaMga ke samAna dikhAI detA hai| yaha caudaha rAjU' U~cA hai| uttara-dakSiNa meM nIce se Upara taka sarvatra sAta rAjU vistRta hai / pUrva-pazcima meM nIce sAta rAjU caur3A hai, phira donoM ora se kramazaH ghaTate 512 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #522
ghaTate sAta rAjU kI U~cAI para mAtra eka rAjU caur3A hai| isake bAda Upara bar3hate-bar3hate sAr3he dasa yojana kI U~cAI para isakI caur3AI 5 rAjU ho jAtI hai| tatpazcAt phira donoM ora se ghaTate-ghaTate caudaha rAjU kI U~cAI para isakI caur3AI mAtra eka rAjU hI zeSa raha jAtI hai| trilokarUpa kSetra kI moTAI-caur3AI-U~cAI Adi kA varNana 'dRSTivAda aMga' se nikalA hai| sanAlI - lokAkAza ke bahumadhya bhAga meM bIcoM-bIca eka rAjU caur3I-moTI aura 14 rAjU U~cI pole bA~sa kI taraha yA vRkSa meM sthita sAra kI bhA~ti sArthaka nAmavAlI 'trasanAlI' hai| yaha trasajIvoM se bharI huI hai| yadyapi yahA~ pA~coM prakAra ke sthAvara jIva bhI hote haiM, para trasajIvoM kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa ise 'trasanAlI' kahA jAtA hai| yaha trasajIvoM kI sImA hai| isake bAhara kucha apavAdoM ko chor3akara trasajIva nahIM pAye jAte haiN| vahA~ kevala ekendriya sthAvara jIvoM kA hI sadbhAva hotA hai| sarvArthasiddhi aura tiloyapaNNattI meM trasanAlI kI U~cAI kucha kama 13 rAjU kI batalAI gayI hai|' mAraNAntika samudghAta, upavAda tathA kevalI samudghAta kI apekSA hI trasanAlI ke bAhara trasajIvoM kA sadbhAva sambhava hai, anyathA bilkula nhiiN| ___ lokavibhAga - loka ke 3 bhAga haiM- adholoka, madhyaloka, uurdhvlok| loka kA nicalA bhAga 'adholoka' hai| Upara lokAnta taka kA bhAga 'Urdhvaloka' hai| ina donoM lokoM ke bIca meM barAbara rekhA meM tirachA phailA huA loka ke madhya kA bhAga 'madhyaloka' hai| tirachA vistAra adhika hone se ise 'tiryak-loka' bhI kahA jAtA hai| samUce loka ko 'triloka' bhI kahate haiN| ___ vAtavalaya- yaha loka Upara-nIce cAroM ora se ghanodadhivAtavalaya, ghanavAtavalaya aura tanuvAtavalayoM se pariveSTita hai-ghirA huA hai| ye vAtavalaya eka prakAra kI vAyu ke puMja haiM, jo samasta loka ko ghere hue haiN| gomUtra-sadRza-varNa vAlA ghanodadhi, ma~gasadRza-varNa vAlA ghanavAta tathA aneka varNa vAlA tanuvAtavalaya hai| ye tInoM vRkSa kI chAla ke sadRza loka ko ghere hue haiN| inake AdhAra se hI yaha loka AkAza meM ThaharA huA hai| sabase pahale yaha loka jalamizrita vAyu ke puMja ghanodadhi-vAtavalaya se ghirA hai| ise saghana vAyurUpa ghanavAtavalaya ne ber3ha rakhA hai| ise tIsare halkI vAyu ke puMja tanu-vAtavalaya ne pariveSTita kara rakhA hai| ye saba AkAza ke AdhAra haiM aura AkAza apane AdhAra se sthita hai, kyoMki AkAza AdhAra bhI hai, Adheya bhI hai| yaha svapratiSThita hai|" AkAzamAtmapratiSThaM, tasyaivAdhArAdheyatvAt- sarvArtha. 3/1-367 / ina vAtavalayoM kI moTAI loka ke nicale bhAga se lekara eka rAjU kI U~cAI taka bIsa-bIsa hajAra yojana hai| isake Upara sAtaveM naraka se madhyalokaparyanta donoM pAryoM bhUgola :: 513 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #523
meM ye tInoM kramazaH 7, 5, 4 yojana moTe haiN| madhyaloka kI bAjuoM meM ye kramazaH 5, 4, 3 yojana hI moTe haiN| madhyaloka ke Upara pA~caveM brahmaloka taka ye kramaza: 7, 5, 4 yojana moTe haiN| isake Upara lokAnta taka ye kramazaH 5, 4, 3 yojana moTe raha jAte haiN| loka-zikhara para inakI moTAI kramaza: 2 koza, 1 koza aura kucha-kama eka koza (1575 dhanuSamAtra) hI zeSa raha jAtI hai| tIna loka racanA tIna loka DAkera..kArakozA Urdhva loka . DD-De .. jAma karanaya bhAgamA sahAyagAna tiloya paNNattIprathamakhaNDa ke zurU meM jainendra sivA koza adholoka vetrAsana yA Adhe mRdaMga ke samAna AkAra vAlA tathA sAta rAjU U~cA loka kA nicalA bhAga adholoka hai| yaha nIce sAta rAjU aura Upara mAtra 1 rAjU caur3A hai| isameM Upara se nIce 6 rAjU taka sAta naraka bhUmiyA~ haiM aura anta ke eka rAjU kSetra meM kevala nigodiyA jIva haiN| yaha kSetra 'kala-kala pRthvI' kahalAtA hai| sAtoM naraka aura nigoda adholok| pAtAlaloka meM garbhita haiN| adholoka kA ghanaphala 196 ghanarAjU hai| adholoka meM Upara se nIce 6 rAjuoM meM ratnaprabhA, zarkarAprabhA, bAlukAprabhA, paMkaprabhA, 514 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #524
dhUmaprabhA, tamaprabhA aura mahAtamaprabhA nAma kI yathArtha nAmoM vAlI sAta narakabhUmiyA~ haiN| inakI prabhA inake nAmoM jaisI hI hai| inake rauDhika nAma kramazaH, dhammA, vaMzA, meghA, aMjanA, ariSTA, madhavI aura mAdhavI haiN| nArakI jIvoM ke nivAsa kA AdhAra hone se ye 'naraka yA naraka bhUmiyA~' kahalAtI haiN| ("ahaloe hoMti NeraiyA" / n46 / / kArtikeyAnuprekSA) __ ye sAtoM narakabhUmiyA~ uttarottara nIce-nIce eka ke Upara eka rUpa se avasthita haiM, tirache rUpa se nahIM aura Apasa meM bhir3akara bhI sthita nahIM haiM, kintu eka se dUsarI bhUmi ke bIca asaMkhya yojanoM kA antara hai| ye kramaza: 180000, 32000, 28000, 24000, 20000, 16000 aura 8000 yojana moTI haiN| inameM kramaza: 30 lAkha, 25 lAkha, 15 lAkha, 10 lAkha, 3 lAkha, 5 kama eka lAkha aura antima mahAtamaprabhA meM kevala 5 hI naraka-bila haiN| pApI jIvoM ke nivAsasthAna bila kahalAte haiN| ye bila kucha gola, kucha tikona aura kucha anizcita-AkAra vAle haiN| biloM kI dIvAreM vajra ke samAna saghana haiN| ye atyanta duHkhadAyI tathA atyadhika durgandhita sAmagrI se bhare haiN| inameM sadA hI andhakAra chAyA rahatA hai| citrAbhUmi- adholoka meM saba se Upara citrAbhUmi hai| isa para madhyaloka kI racanA hai| yaha citra-vicitra varNoM vAle khanijoM aura dhAtuoM se bharI hai| isI se yaha saarthk| yathArtha nAmavAlI 'citrA' kahI jAtI hai| yaha 1 lAkha 80 hajAra yojana moTI hai| isake tIna bhAga haiM-1. kharabhAga, 2. paMkabhAga, 3. abbhul| kharabhAga 16 hajAra yojana, paMkabhAga 84 hajAra yojana tathA abbahulabhAga 80 hajAra yojana moTA hai| kharabhAga ke eka-eka hajAra moTe 16 bhAga haiM, jo lambAI-caur3AI meM loka ke barAbara vistRta haiN|" kharabhAga meM asurakumAroM ko chor3a zeSa 9 prakAra ke bhavanavAsI deva tathA rAkSasoM ko chor3a zeSa sAta prakAra ke vyantara-devoM ke AvAsa haiN| paMkabhAga meM asurakumAra aura rAkSasa deva rahate haiN| tIsare abbahula bhAga meM prathama naraka ke nArakiyoM ke 30 lAkha naraka-bila haiN| abbahula bhAga aura zeSa naraka bhUmiyoM kI jitanI-jitanI moTAI hai, usameM eka-eka hajAra yojana bhUmi chor3akara bAkI madhyabhAga meM vividha AkAroM vAle naraka-bila haiN| ye jamIna ke bhItara kue~ ke samAna pole haiN| inameM nArakI jIva apanI Ayu ke antima samaya taka nAnA prakAra ke duHkha bhogate hue rahate haiN| upapAda/janmasthAna-pApI jIva narakAyu kA bandhakara narakoM meM janma lete haiN| inake upapAdasthAna narakabiloM ke UparI bhAga meM U~Ta Adi ke mukha ke samAna sakare hote haiN| janma lekara antarmuhUrta meM sabhI paryAptiyA~ pUrNakara upapAda sthAna se cyuta hokara narakabhUmiyoM ke tIkSNa zastroM para girakara geda kI bhA~ti bAra-bAra Upara uchalate aura nIce ...13. yojana Upara uchalate girate haiM aura ghora vedanA kA anubhava karate haiN| pahale naraka meM haiN| Age yaha U~cAI dUnI-dUnI hotI jAtI hai| bhUgola :: 515 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #525
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra adho loka sona tarp www. p Y & NOT www. kobatirth.org naz nATakakA paTa 1 -auraghara ) pratyeka paTala meM indraka va - zreNI bada to singer pow ukurt NAAKAR Dere Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir + vazA For Private And Personal Use Only meghA aMjanA jinee . mA 1 amarakA upaTasa Ca robuz narakapaTala- paTala, patthara ke stara taha ke samAna hote haiN| inheM pAthar3e yA maMjila bhI kahate haiN| ye eka ke Upara eka rUpa se avasthita haiN| pahale naraka meM 13, dUsare meM 11, tIsare meM 9, cauthe meM 7, pA~caveM meM 5, chaThe meM 3 aura sAtaveM naraka meM kevala eka paTala hai| sAtoM narakoM meM kula 49 paTala haiN|" narakabila-- nArakiyoM ke nivAsa 'bila' kahalAte haiN| sAtoM narakoM ke 49 paTaloM meM kula 84 lAkha narakabila haiN| pratyeka paTala meM indraka, zreNIbaddha aura prakIrNaka ke bheda se 3 prakAra ke bila haiN| paTala ke bIcoM-bIca kA bila 'indrakabila' kahalAtA hai tathA cAroM dizAoM aura vidizAoM ke paMktirUpa meM sthita bila ' zreNIbaddhabila' kahe haiN| zreNIbaddha biloM ke bIca-bIca meM jahA~-tahA~ bikhare hue biloM ko 'prakIrNakabila' kahate haiN| sabhI narakoM meM kula 49 indraka, 9604 zreNIbaddha tathA 8390347 prakIrNaka bila haiM / ina saba kA yoga 84 lAkha hai 120 516 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #526
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra narakoM kI jAnakArI 4 kosa-1 yojana pRthviyoM kI biloM narakoM kI saMkhyA kA tInoM kA moTAI / indrakA zreNIbaddha prakIrNaka | yoga Ayu utkRSTa / jaghanya lezyA | zarIra kA utsedha mApaka-24 aMgula-1 hAtha 4 hAtha-1 dhanuSa / avadhi utpatti-maraNa utpadyamAna | agale kSetra antara jIva bhava meM |kitanI u~cAI taka uchalate hai yojana kAsa kra | pRthviyoM ke guNa-nAma aura roDhika nAma ratnaprabhA (dhammA ) zarkarAprabhA (vaMzA) bAlukAprabhA (meghA) paMkaprabhA (aMjanA) 5. dhUmaprabhA (ariSTA ) tamaHprabhA (maghavI) mahAtama:prabhA (mAghabI) yojana For Private And Personal Use Only 1.80.000 yojana 32,000 yojana 28,000 yojana 24,000 yojana 20,000 yojana 16.000 yojana 18,000 yojana 13 | 442012995567 | 30 lAkha 1 | 10,000 kApota ] 31.25 hAtha eka sAgaropama varSa 2684] 24973051 25 lAkha 3 ] 1 kApota 62.50 hAtha sAgaropama sAgaropama 14761 1498515| 15 lAkha 7 | kApota 125 hAtha sAgaropama | sAgaropama nIla kosa 7 700 992931 10 lAkha 10 7 nIla / 250 hAtha 12.50 sAgaropama sAgaropama|| kosa 5 | 2600 2997350 3 lAkha | 17 | 10 nIla 125 dhanuSa sAgaropama sAgaropama kRSNa 99932] 5 kama | 22 17 | kRSNa 250 dhanuSa | 1.5 1 lAkha sAgaropama sAgaropama kosa | kevala 51 331 22 | parama | 500 dhanuSa 1 sAgaropama sAgaropama | kRSNa kosa 49 | 9604] 839034784 lAkha asaMjJI jIvA tIrthakara bhI yAjana ho sakate haiM sarIsRpa tIrthaMkara bhI yojana ho sakate haiM pakSI tIrthaMkara bhI ho sakate haiM sarpAdi caramazarIrI | ho sakate haiM 627 yojana siMha saMyata mahAvratI 125 yojana ho sakate haiM dezasaMyata ho / 250 yojana sakate haiM samyaktvadhArI] 500 yojana ho sakate haiM www.kobatirth.org kosa 601 strA yoga ratnaprabhA pRthvI ke tIna bhAga haiM--1. kharabhAga, 2. paMkabhAga, 3. abbhulbhaag| kharabhAga 16,000 yojana, paMkabhAga 84,000 yojana tathA abbahulabhAga 80,000 yojana moTA hai| paMkabhAga meM asurakumAroM ke bhavana aura rAkSasoM ke AvAsa haiN| zeSa bhavanavAsI aura vyantara kharabhAga meM haiN| abbahulabhAga aura nIce kI sabhI bhUmiyoM meM naraka haiN| bhUgola :: 517 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir

Page #527
nArakiyoM ke duHkha-nArakIjIva pUrvopArjita pApakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa apanI Ayuparyanta yathAvasara kSetra-sambandhI, mAnasika, zArIrika, asura-deva-kRta tathA paraspara udIrita tIvra daHkhoM ko bhogate haiN| vahA~ kI bhUmi kA tIvra vedanAkArI sparza, nukIlI dUba, bhayAnakaparvata, duHkhadAyI yantroM se bharI guphAe~, santapta lauha putaliyA~, stambha, zastra samAna asipatravana, zAlmalI vRkSa, durgandhita khUna, pIpa, kIr3oM se bharI khArI-vaitariNI-tAlAba, kumbhI pAka, khaulate kar3Ahe, zArIrika saikar3oM roga, zIta-uSNa bAdhAe~, paraspara mAra-kATa, nirantara Arta-raudra va krUra pariNAma, tIvra bhUkha-pyAsa kI pIr3Ae~, tIsare naraka taka asurakumAra devoM dvArA dilAye jAne vAle duHkhoM se ye nArakI tIvra-vedanA kA anubhavana karate rahate haiN| bhUkha kI tIvra-vedanA hone para nArakI yahA~ kI atyanta durgandhita azubha viSailI miTTI khAte haiN| vaha bhI unheM bhUkha-pramANa nahIM miltii| yaha miTTI nIce ke narakoM meM uttarottara asaMkhyAta guNI azubha va viSailI hotI jAtI hai| antima naraka meM 49veM paTala kI miTTI kA eka Tukar3A yadi isa madhyaloka kI bhUmi para A jAe, to vaha 24.5 koza taka ke jIvoM ko mAra degii| zarIra ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara die jAne para bhI nArakiyoM kA akAla-maraNa nahIM hotaa| pAre ke kaNoM ke samAna ve Tukar3e paraspara phira mila jAte haiN| palaka jhapakane bhara ko bhI sukha nahIM miltaa| ve yahA~ sadAkAla duHkha hI duHkha bhogate haiN| (tri. sA.-207) nArakiyoM kI anya vizeSatAe~-- nArakI jIva nirantara tiryaMcoM kI apekSA azubhatara lezyA, azubhatara pariNAma, azubhatara deha-vedanA aura vikriyA vAle hote haiM / kaSAyAnuraMjita yoga (mana-vacana-kAya) kI pravRtti lezyA kahalAtI hai| chaha lezyAoM meM se narakoM meM azubha se azubhatama lezyAe~ hotI haiM- pahale-dUsare naraka meM kApota, tIsare meM Upara kApota nIce nIla, cauthe meM nIla, pA~caveM meM Upara nIla va nIce kRSNa, chaThe meM kRSNa aura sAtaveM naraka meM paramakRSNa lezyA hotI hai| inakI dravyalezyA (zArIrika varNa) Ayuparyanta sadA eka-sI rahatI hai, kintu bhAvalezyAe~ (pariNAma) antarmuhUrta meM badalatI rahatI __nArakiyoM ke zarIra bhI atyanta vikRta huMDaka saMsthAna vAle, bar3e DarAvane aura badazakla hote haiN| aneka rogoM se bhI ghire hote haiN| ye apRthak vikriyA karate haiN| apane hI zarIra ko bher3iyA, vyAghra, ghugghU, sarpa, kauA, bicchU, rIcha, giddha, kuttA Adi jAnavara banA lete haiM tathA trizUla, agni, barachI, bhAloM, mudgara Adi ke rUpa meM bhI apane ko banA lete haiN| zarIra vaikriyika hote hue bhI sapta dhAtumaya hotA hai| zarIra meM mala-mUtra, pIva Adi sabhI vIbhatsa sAmagrI bharI hotI hai| Ayu pUrNa hote hI inakA zarIra vAyu se Ahata meghapaTala yA kapUra ke samAna vilIna ho jAtA hai| inakI dAr3hI-mUMcha nahIM 518 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #528
hotI tathA inake zarIra meM nigodiyA jIvoM kA bhI abhAva hotA hai| nArakiyoM kI Ayu- prathama naraka meM utkRSTa Ayu 1 sAgara, dvitIya meM 3 sAgara, tRtIya meM 7 sAgara, caturtha meM 10 sAgara, pA~caveM meM 17 sAgara, chaThe meM 22 sAgara aura saptama naraka meM utkRSTa Ayu 33 sAgara hai| prathama naraka kI jaghanya Ayu 10 hajAra varSa hai| zeSa narakoM kI jaghanya Ayu pUrvavartI naraka kI utkRSTa Ayu ke barAbara hai| avagAhanA- pahale naraka ke nArakiyoM ke zarIra kI U~cAI 31% hAtha hai| nIce ke narakoM meM yaha uttarottara dUnI-dUnI hotI gayI hai| __ avadhijJAna- narakoM meM utpanna hote hI paryAptiyA~ pUrNa hone para bhava-pratyayaavadhijJAna prakaTa ho jAtA hai| mithyAdRSTiyoM kA avadhijJAna vibhaMgAvadhi/ku-avadhi kahalAtA hai aura samyagdRSTiyoM kA jJAna avadhijJAna kahalAtA hai| narakoM meM inake kSetra kA pramANa isa prakAra hai- prathama naraka meM avadhi ke kSetra kA pramANa 4 koza (1 yojana) hai| Age ke narakoM meM AdhA-AdhA koza ghaTatA jAtA hai| sAtaveM meM avadhijJAna kA kSetra mAtra eka koza hI rahatA hai| narakoM meM utpatti ke kAraNa26- bahuta Arambha aura bahuta parigraha kI tIvra lAlasA, hiMsAdi krUra karmoM meM nirantara pravartana, indriya-viSayoM meM tIvra Asakti, marate samaya tIvra Arta-raudra krUra pariNAma, sapta vyasanoM meM liptatA-jaise krUrakarmoM meM saMlagna krUra svabhAvI jIva narakAyu kA bandha kara narakoM meM janma lete haiN| nirantara utpatti kI apekSA-koI jIva pahale meM 8 bAra, dUsare meM 7 bAra, tIsare meM 6 bAra, cauthe meM 5 bAra, pA~caveM meM 4 bAra, chaThe meM 3 bAra aura sAtaveM meM do bAra janma le sakatA hai| narakoM meM kauna janmate haiM ? (gati)-sAmAnyataH manuSya aura tiryaMca hI narakoM meM janma lete haiM, deva aura nArakI nhiiN| asaMjJI paMcendriya pahale naraka taka, sarIsRpa dUsare taka, pakSI tIsare taka, sarpa cauthe taka, siMha pA~caveM taka, strI chaThe taka aura manuSya tathA machalI sAtaveM naraka taka meM janma le sakate haiN| naraka se nikale jIvoM kI utpatti ke niyama-(Agati)291. naraka se nikalakara nArakI jIva niyamataH karmabhUmi ke garbhaja saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMca aura manuSyoM meM hI janma lete haiN| 2. sAtaveM kA nArakI jIva karmabhUmija saMjJI paryAptaka garbhaja tiryaMca hI hote haiM, manuSya nahIM hote| tIsare naraka taka ke nArakI nikalakara tIrthaMkara ho sakate haiN| 4. cauthe taka ke nArakI manuSya hokara mokSa prApta kara sakate haiM, ye tIrthaMkara nahIM ho skte| 3. bhUgola :: 519 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #529
5. pA~caveM naraka taka ke nArakI deza-saMyama aura sakala-saMyama grahaNa kara sakate haiN| 6. chaThI taka ke nArakI nikalakara deza-saMyama grahaNa kara sakate haiN| 7. sAtavIM pRthvI se nikale nArakI niyamataH mithyAdRSTi tiryaMca hI hote haiM aura ve mithyAdRSTi hI rahate haiN| 8. naraka se nikale nArakI jIva nArAyaNa, balabhadra aura cakravartI nahIM hote| 9. narakoM meM nArakI apanI saMkhyA ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa pratyeka samaya meM utpanna hote haiM aura utane hI marate haiN| narakoM meM utkRSTa rUpa se janma-maraNa kA anta - koI bhI yadi prathama Adi pRthviyoM meM janma-maraNa na kare, to adhika se adhika nIce darzAye gaye kAla taka janmamaraNa nahIM karatA-isake bAda to niyama se janmamaraNa hogA hI hogA, aisA niyama haipahalI meM | dUsarI meM | tIsarI meM | cauthI meM | pA~cavIM meM | chaThI meM | sAtavI meM 24 muhUrta | sAta dinoM | eka pakSa | eka mAha | do mAha | cAra mAha | chaha mAha ___ narakoM meM samyaktva utpatti ke kAraNa- prathama 3 narakoM meM (1) jAti smaraNa, (2) durvAra vedanAnubhavana tathA (3) devoM dvArA sambodhana isa prakAra ye 3 samyaktva prApti ke kAraNa haiN| zeSa paMkaprabhA Adi 4 narakoM meM (1) jAti smaraNa, aura (2) vedanAnubhavana ye do hI samyaktvotpatti ke kAraNa haiN| madhyaloka loka kA madhyabhAga 'madhyaloka' hai| yaha adholoka ke Upara citrApRthvI para eka rAjU lambe caur3e tathA eka lAkha 40 yojana U~ce kSetra meM vistRta hai| isameM jambUdvIpa ko Adi lekara asaMkhyAta dvIpoM tathA lavaNasamudra ko Adi lekara asaMkhyAta samudroM kA vistAra hai| ___inakA vistAra apane pUrvavartI dvIpa samUhoM ke vistAra se dUnA-dUnA hai aura ye ekadUsare ko valayAkAra rUpa se ghere hue haiN| saba dvIpa-samudroM ke madhya meM eka lAkha yojana vistRta thAlI ke AkAra-jaisA golAkAra jambUdvIpa hai| ise do lAkha yojana vistRta lavaNasamudra valayAkAra rUpa se ghere hue hai| lavaNa samudra ko cAra lAkha yojana vistRta dhAtakIkhaNDa, dhAtakIkhaNDa ko 8 lAkha yojana vistRta kAlodaka samudra tathA kAlodaka samudra ko 16 lAkha yojana vistRta puSkaravara dvIpa cUr3I ke AkAra meM (valayarUpa meM) ghere hue hai| isa prakAra antima svayaMbhUramaNa samudraparyanta asaMkhyAta dvIpa aura samudra eka dUsare ko pariveSTita kiye hue haiN| puSkaravara dvIpa se lekara Age ke sabhI dvIpa-samudroM ke nAma eka-jaise haiM arthAt jisa nAma kA dvIpa hai, usI nAma kA samudra hai| ye sabhI zubhanAma vAle haiM tathA tiryak rUpa se madhyaloka meM phaile hue haiN| ata: ise 'tiryakloka' 520 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #530
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhI kahate haiN| isameM manuSya - tiryaMcoM ke AvAsa haiM tathA vyantaroM ke AvAsa aura jyotiSka devoM ke vimAna bhI haiM / For Private And Personal Use Only dAi DhAI dvIpa/manuSya-kSetra/nara - loka - jambUdvIpa, lavaNa samudra, dhAtakIkhaMDa, kAlodaka aura AdhA puSkaravaradvIpa ke rUpa meM yaha DhAI dvIpa hI naraloka / manuSyakSetra kahalAtA hai, kyoMki itane hI kSetra meM manuSya pAye jAte haiN| puSkaravara dvIpa ke bIcoM-bIca valayAkAra mAnuSottara parvata phailA hai, jisase yaha dvIpa do bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho gayA hai| manuSya isa parvata ko pAra nahIM kara skte| isI se yaha parvata mAnuSottara kahA jAtA hai / jambUdvIpa se mAnuSottara taka vistRta DhAIdvIpa hI nara- loka hai| yaha 45 lAkha yojana vistRta hai tathA citrA pRthvI ke Upara trasanAlI ke bahumadhya bhAga meM atigolarUpa se sthita hai | 24 jambUdvIpa - asaMkhyAta dvIpa - samudroM ke bIca manuSya - loka ke bahumadhya bhAga meM eka lAkha yojana vistRta, thAlI - jaisA golAkAra 'jambUdvIpa' hai| isake uttarakurukSetra meM anAdi-anidhana, pRthvIkAyika akRtrima, parivAra vRkSoM se yukta 'jambUvRkSa' hai / isase yaha dvIpa 'jambUdvIpa' kahalAtA hai / sabhI dvIpoM meM yaha vizeSa vikhyAta hai / isake bIcoMbIca sumeru parvata sthita hai / isa dvIpa meM bharata, haimavata, hari, videha, ramyak, hairaNyavata aura airAvata nAma ke sAta kSetra (varSa) haiM / inako vibhakta karane vAle pUrva-pazcima dizA meM samudra taka lambe, anAdikAlika, animittaka nAmoM vAle himavAn, mahAhimavAn, niSadha, nIla, rukmi, aura zikharI nAma ke chaha kulAcala (parvata) haiN| 7 ye kramazaH 100, 200, 400, 400, 200, 100 yojana U~ce haiN| ina para kramazaH padma, mahApadma, tigiMcha, kezarI, mahApuMDarIka bhUgola :: 521

Page #531
aura puMDarIka nAma ke 6 sarovara (hRda) haiN|" ina sarovaroM meM pRthvIkAyika eka-eka mukhya kamala apane parivAra kamaloM ke sAtha suzobhita haiN| mukhya kamaloM ke bhavanoM meM kramazaH zrI, hrI, dhRti, kIrti, buddhi aura lakSmI devI nivAsa karatI haiM tathA parivArakamaloM ke bhavanoM meM sAmAnika tathA pAriSad jAti ke deva rahate haiM / ina sarovaroM se gaMgA-sindhu, rohita-rohitAsyA, harita-harikAntA, sItA-sItodA, nArI-narakAntA, suvarNakUlA-rUpyakUlA aura raktA-raktodA nAmaka 14 mahAnadiyA~ nikalatI haiN| ye nadiyA~ bharatAdi kSetroM meM se do-do karake bahatI haiN| ina nadI yugaloM meM se pUrvapUrva kI nadI pUrvI-samuda meM tathA bAda kI nadI pazcimI-samudra meM giratI hai|" , bharatakSetra-jambUdvIpa ke dakSiNI bhAga meM tIna ora se lavaNasamudra se ghirA 526 yojana vistRta dhanuSAkAra 'bharatakSetra' hai| yaha jambUdvIpa kA 190 vA~ bhAga hai| isake uttara meM himavAn parvata pUrva-pazcima dizA meM phailA hai| bharatakSetra ke bIca meM pUrva-pazcima dizA meM rajatamaya (sapheda) vijayArdha parvata phailA hai|43 vijayArdha parvata aura himavan parvata ke padma sarovara se nikalane vAlI gaMgA-sindhu nadiyoM ke nimitta se bharatakSetra chaha khaMDoM meM vibhakta ho jAtA hai| 19 bharata kSetra pracaNDa Astro_tak SHkre NHE RECERAM bena sada zamarix-16 9 lavaNa paNa sAgara padma sarovara se nikalakara gaMgA-sindhu nadiyA~ kramaza: parvatamUla meM sthita gaMgAkUTa aura sindhukUTa meM giratI haiN| gaMgAnadI gaMgAkUTa se nikalakara dakSiNa kI ora bahatI huI vijayAparvata ke mUla meM sthita khaMDaprapAta guphA se hokara bharatakSetra ke dakSiNa bhAga meM pahu~catI hai aura sindhunadI sindhukUTa se nikalakara dakSiNa kI ora bahatI huI vijayArdhaparvata kI tamisraguphA meM se hokara dakSiNI bharatakSetra meM pahu~catI hai| yahA~ se ye donoM nadiyA~ dakSiNI bharatakSetra ke Adhe bhAga taka jAkara gaMgAnadI pUrvI-samudra kI ora tathA sindhunadI pazcimI-samudra kI ora mur3akara apane-apane samudroM meM jA milatI haiN| 522 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #532
donoM nadiyoM aura vijayArdha parvata se bharatakSetra ke 6 khaMDa ho jAte haiN| vijayArdha ke uttara meM tIna aura dakSiNa meM tiin| dakSiNa ke tIna khaMDoM meM se eka bIca kA khaMDa AryakhaMDa aura zeSa pA~coM khaMDa mleccha-khaMDa kahalAte haiN| AryakhaMDa meM nAnA bhedoM se yukta kAla kA tathA dharmatIrtha kA pravartana hotA hai| uttarI bharata ke tIna khaMDoM ke madhyavartI khaMDa ke bahamadhyabhAga meM cakravartiyoM ke mAna kA mardana karane vAlA, nAnA cakravartiyoM ke nAmoM se aMkita nIce se Upara taka sarvatra ratnamaya, 100 yojana U~cA golAkAra vRSabhagiri hai| digvijaya ke bAda cakravartI isa para apanA nAma aura prazasti likhatA PM. djAma . . .. Animation RETRICT tva HEND SEANTE r - .2016 inx *32lPaymsrawinner in 4. himavAn parvata- bharatakSetra ke Age uttara meM bharata kSetra se dUne vistAra vAlA, pUrvapazcima meM samudra taka phailA suvarNamaya 100 yojana U~cA himavAn parvata hai| isapara bIcoMbIca padma sarovara hai, jisake pUrvI dvAra se gaMgAnadI, pazcimI dvAra se sindhunadI tathA uttarI dvAra se rohitAsyA nadI nikalatI hai| isa parvata para 25-25 yojana U~ce gyAraha kUTa haiN| pUrva ke prathama kUTa para siddhAyatana (jinAlaya) haiM tathA zeSa 10 kUToM para vyantaradeva aura deviyA~ rahatI haiN| haimavatakSetra- himavAn aura mahAhimavAn parvatoM ke bIca haimavata kSetra hai| yaha bharatakSetra se caugunA tathA himavAn se dUne vistAra vAlA hai| isa kSetra ke bahumadhyabhAga meM zraddhAvAn nAmaka nAbhigiri hai| isa kSetra meM rohita aura rohitAsyA nadiyA~ kramaza: pUrva aura pazcima dizA meM bahatI haiN| ye donoM nAbhigiri kI do kosa dUra se parikramA karatI huI apanI-apanI dizAoM meM mur3akara samudra meM mila jAtI haiN| isa kSetra meM sadaiva sukhamA-duHkhamA-kAla-jaisI vyavasthA rahatI hai| ataH yaha zAzvata jaghanya bhogabhUmi mahAhimavAn parvata- haimavatakSetra ke uttara meM himavAn se caugunA bar3A rajatamaya bhUgola :: 523 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #533
do-sau yojana U~cA mahAhimavAn parvata hai| isa para ATha kUTa haiN| pUrva kA kUTa siddhAyatana hai| zeSa para vyantara deva-deviyoM ke nivAsa haiN| isa parvata ke madhya meM sthita mahApadma sarovara ke dakSiNI dvAra se rohita nadI nikalakara haimavata kSetra meM tathA uttarI dvAra se harikAntA nadI nikala kara harikSetra meM bahatI hai| harikSetra- mahAhimavAn aura niSadha parvatoM ke bIca haimavata kSetra se caugune vistAra vAlA harikSetra hai| isake madhya meM vijayavAn nAmaka nAbhigiri hai| harita aura harikAntA nadiyA~ isakI parikramA karatI huI isa kSetra meM bahatI haiN| harita pUrva-samudra meM tathA harikAntA pazcima-samudra meM giratI haiN| yaha kSetra zAzvata madhyama bhoga bhUmi hai| ataH yahA~ suSamAkAla-jaisI-vyavasthA sadA-kAla rahatI hai| niSadhaparvata- harikSetra ke uttara meM tapAye hue sone-jaisA 400 yojana U~cA niSadha parvata hai| isake madhyabhAga meM sthita tigiMcha sarovara ke dakSiNI dvAra se harita nadI aura uttarI dvAra se sItodA nadiyA~ nikalatI haiN| harita harikSetra meM aura sItodA videha kSetra meM pravAhita hotI haiN| isa parvata para sau sau yojana. U~ce 9 kUTa haiN| pUrva dizA kA pahalA siddhAyatana hai| zeSa ATha kUToM para vyantara deva-deviyoM ke bhavana haiN| videhakSetra- jambUdvIpa ke madhyavartI kSetra meM niSadha aura nIla parvatoM ke bIca harikSetra se caugune tathA bharatakSetra se 64 gune vistAra vAlA 'videhakSetra' hai| isake ThIka bIca meM loka kI nAbhi kI taraha sarvocca sumeru-parvata hai| yaha madhya-loka kA mApaka hai| isa parvata ke tala se Upara cUlikA paryanta tirache eka rAjU kSetra meM madhya-loka kA vistAra hai| videha kSetra meM sItA-sItodA nadiyA~ pravAhita hotI haiN| sumeruparvata- eka lAkha 40 yojana UMce isa parvata ko sudarzana meru, mandarAcala, merugiri bhI kahA jAtA hai| yaha bhUtala meM 10 hajAra yojana tathA Upara eka hajAra yojana caur3A hai| gaharAI (nIva) bhI eka hajAra yojana hai| isa parvata ke bhUtala pradeza meM bhadrazAla vana hai| bhUtala se 500 yojana kI U~cAI para pahalI kaTanI meM nandana vana hai| isase 62500 yojana kI U~cAI para dUsarI kaTanI para somanasa vana hai tathA isake 36000 yojana Upara tIsarI kaTanI meM pAMDuka vana hai| ina vanoM meM aneka vRkSa hai| cAroM vanoM kI pratyeka dizA meM eka-eka jinAlaya hai| pAMDukavana ke madhya meM 40 yojana U~cI sumeru parvata kI cUlikA hai| jo nIce 12 yojana tathA Upara 4 yojana caur3I hai| sumeruparvata ...n.rap. lika 524 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #534
pAMDuka vana meM IzAna Adi vidizAoM meM 100 yojana lambI aura 50 yojana caur3I cAra zilAe~ haiN| IzAna meM svarNamaya pAMDuka zilA hai, jisa para bharatakSetra ke tIrthaMkaroM kA janmAbhiSeka hotA hai| Agneya meM rajatamaya pAMDukambalA zilA para pazcima videha ke tIrthaMkaroM kA, naiRtya meM na taptasvarNamaya raktAzilA para airAvata kSetra ke tIrthaMkaroM kA tathA vAyavya meM rudhiravarNA raktAkambalA zilA para pUrva videha ke tIrthaMkaroM kA janmAbhiSeka hotA hai| pANikavana kubera deva pANDakabhavana pANikavana: bharatakSetra ke tIrtha Ang parva videha ke tIna raktazillaka pANDakAzalA 10 haribhavana. tarUNadeva | lohita bhavana ++ somadeva 4 ratakambalA bala kSetra ke tIrthakara apara vidaha - aMjanabhavana (*usa usa vizalA para usa usa camade metrakaitIrthakarIkA jammAbhirakoTA devakuru-uttarakuru - videha kSetra meM sumeru parvata ke dakSiNa meM devakuru tathA uttara meM uttarakuru hai| devakuru pUrva meM saumanasa se tathA pazcima meM vidyutprabha gajadanta parvatoM se ghirA hai tathA uttarakuru pUrva meM mAlyavAna se aura pazcima gandhamAdana gajadanta parvatoM se ghirA hai| donoM kurukSetroM meM uttama bhogabhUmi hone se suSamA-suSamA-kAla jaisI vartanA sadA rahatI hai| vistAra kuru FevenAgana kA sammu sh.. ORE bhUgola :: 525 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #535
kulAcala aura kUTa parvata |varNa nAma (yojana) parvata vistAra uttara-dakSiNa (yojana) kRToM kI caur3AI kaToM kI kaToM ko (yojana) maMkhyA | U~cAI mUla meM | madhya meM anta meM ko nauMva yojana) jaghanya lambAI | utkRSTa lambAI pUrva-pazcima pUrva-pazcima / (yojana) (yojana) (yojana Upara himavAn | suvarNamaya |100 105212 144712 24931-18 12525 mahA- |gjatamaya himavAn niSadha 100 100 175 suvarNamaya nIla baiDUryamaNi-400 10 100 100 175 50 maya rakmi rajatamaya 377416 | 539318 | | | . zikharI | hemamaya 100 -... OM nAma sarovara sarovara kahA~ hai sarovara aura kamala devI aura parivAra sarovara | deviyA~ | parikAra mukhya | parivAra | kamala kI kamala kamalA deva lamyAI / caur3AI gaharAI vijAra jala (yo.) (yA.) (yo.) yo.) se U~cAI yo.) bhavana vistAra parivAra devo bhavana lambA | U~cA | caur3A | vistAra (kosa) (kAsa) (kosa) 1. pA himavAna | 1000 500 | 10 | | 12 1401151 140115 | / |34 | 12 | mukhya se AdhA para mahA | 2000 1800 | 2012 | 1 | ho / 2802303 2802301 2 | mukhya meM AdhA himavAna vigira nipadha 14000 2000 | 40 4 | 2 | dhRti S604601 1560460[ 4 ] [ 2 mukhya meM AdhA kesarI naula 14000 2000 | 0 | 4 | 2 | korti 5604601 1 560460 mukhya se AdhA 2000 1000 | 2012 | / / 28023011 28023 puMDarIkA me AyA puMDaroka | zikharI | 1300 500 | 10.| 1 12 lakSmI 14011511 140115 | | | 3: 4 12 se AdhA 526 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #536
devakuru meM sItodA nadI ke donoM taToM para do yamaka-giri parvata haiN| uttarakuru meM bhI sItA nadI ke donoM ora do yamaka-giri haiN| ye cAroM yamakagiri eka-eka hajAra yojana U~ce aura golAkAra haiN| bhUmipara eka hajAra aura Upara pA~ca sau yojana caur3e haiN| devakuru, uttarakuru, pUrva bhadrazAla aura pazcima bhadrazAla vanoM meM sItA-sItodA nadiyoM ke madhya me 5-5 karake kula 20 sarovara haiN| ina sarovaroM ke donoM taToM para 5-5 karake do sau kAMcana parvata haiN| ye sau-sau yojana U~ce haiM tathA nIce sau aura Upara pacAsa yojana caur3e haiN| ye sarovara sItA-sItodA nadiyoM ke praveza aura nirgama dvAroM sahita haiN| devakuru uttarakuru tathA pUrva-pazcima bhadrazAla vanoM ke madhya meM donoM mahAnadiyoM ke donoM taToM para do-do karake sau-sau. yojana U~ce ATha diggajendra parvata bhI haiN| jambUvRkSa aura zAlmalI vRkSa- nIla kulAcala ke pAsa sItAnadI ke pUrvI taTa para sudarzana meru kI IzAna dizA meM uttarakurukSetra meM 500 yojana tala vyAsa sahita jambUvRkSasthalI hai| isakI pIThikA para cAra mahAzAkhAoM vAlA pRthvI-kAyamaya jambUvRkSa hai| mukhya vRkSa sahita isake parivAra-vRkSoM kI kula saMkhyA 140120 hai| sItodAnadI ke pazcimI taTa para niSadha parvata ke pAsa sumeru kI naiRtya dizA meM devakuru kSetra meM zAlmalI vRkSasthalI hai, jisakI pIThikA para mukhya zAlmalI vRkSa hai| yaha bhI 140120 parivAra vRkSoM tathA cAra mahAzAkhAoM sahita hai| jambUvRkSa kI uttarI zAkhA para tathA zAlmalI vRkSa kI dakSiNI zAkhA para jina-bhavana haiN| zeSa zAkhAoM para devoM ke AvAsa haiN| pITha para sthita mUla vRkSa dhArI yA NAAMIRE AvRtadeva- STEM RELI25 Kavi Rarera pITha ra mata mamI hai {AR noTa zAlmalI meM jinabhavanamArakara pAha aura ambaikSa meM uttarazAramA para 32 videha-sudarzana meru tathA donoM kurukSetroM ke kAraNa sampUrNa videha kSetra pUrva aura pazcima-do videhoM meM ba~Ta jAtA hai| sItA-sItodA nadiyA~ inake madhya se hokara bahatI haiN| isase pUrva-pazcima videha bhI uttara-dakSiNa rUpa se do-do bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho jAte bhUgola :: 527 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #537
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 20. camuta* haiN| isa prakAra sampUrNa videha cAra bar3e bhAgoM meM ba~Ta jAtA hai| do vanavediyoM, 3-3 vibhaMgA nadiyoM aura cAra-cAra vakSAra parvatoM se ghirA hone se pratyeka vibhAga ke ATha-ATha khaMDa ho jAte haiM / isa taraha sampUrNa videha 32 bhAgoM / khaMDoM meM ba~Ta gayA hai| ye 32 videha kSetra yA deza kahe jAte haiM, jinakI 32 hI rAjadhAniyA~ haiM / 7 ye rAjadhAniyA~ uttara - dakSiNa meM 12 yojana tathA pUrva-pazcima meM 9 yojana vistRta haiM, svarNamaya prAkAroM se veSTita haiM, avinazvara aura akRtrima haiM pUrvApara videha kSetra - 32 videha 1 Beg sa kaTa bhakta auravADa ti0pra0 khaMDa (0. pRSTha-pU sa www. kobatirth.org RAJA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ina 32 videhoM meM pratyeka videha kA vistAra aura racanA bharatakSetra ke samAna hai| battIsa videhoM meM 32 vijayArdha aura 32 vRSabha - giri haiN| dakSiNa ke 16 videhoM meM gaMgA-sindhu aura vijayArdha ke kAraNa tathA uttara ke 16 videhoM meM raktA - raktodA aura vijayArdha ke kAraNa pratyeka videha ke chaha-chaha khaMDa ho gaye haiM, jinameM 5-5 mleccha khaMDa aura eka - eka AryakhaMDa hai| ina 32 videhoM meM sadA avasarpiNI kAla ke caturtha- kAla-jaisI vyavasthA banI rahatI hai| yahA~ varSAkAla meM 49 dinoM taka kAle meghoM dvArA tathA 84 dinoM taka dhavala 528 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #538
meghoM dvArA maryAdApUrvaka varSA hotI hai| yahA~ kabhI durbhikSa nahIM pdd'taa| ativRSTi, anAvRSTi, sAta prakAra kI ItiyA~ aura mahAmArI Adi roga yahA~ kabhI nahIM hote| yahA~ kudevoM, kuliMgiyoM aura kumatiyoM kA abhAva tathA kevalI tIrthaMkara Adi zalAkA puruSoM kA evaM RddhidhArI sAdhuoM kA sadA sadbhAva banA rahatA hai|" nIla-parvata- mahAvideha ke uttara meM cAra sau yojana U~cA niSadha-jaisA vistRta vaidyamaNimaya nIla parvata hai| isake Upara madhya meM kesarI sarovara hai, jisake dakSiNI dvAra se sItA aura uttarI dvAra se narakAntA nadiyA~ nikalatI haiM, isa para 9 kUTa haiN|" pUrva ke siddhAyatana kUTa para jinAlaya hai| zeSa para deva rahate haiN| __ramyaka-kSetra- nIlaparvata ke uttara meM aura rukmI parvata ke dakSiNa meM harikSetra ke samAna vistRta 'ramyaka kSetra' hai| isameM nArI aura narakAntA nadiyA~ padmavAn nAbhigiri ko gheratI huI bahatI haiN| isa kSetra meM zAzvata madhyama bhogabhUmi hai| ataH yahA~ suSamAkAla-jaisI vyavasthA sadA rahatI hai| rukmiparvata- ramyaka aura hairaNyavata kSetroM kA vibhAjaka 200 yojana U~cA rajatamaya rukmI parvata hai| isa para mahApuMDarIka sarovara hai, jisake dakSiNI dvAra se nArI tathA uttarI dvAra se rUpyakUlA nadiyA~ nikalatI haiN| isa para 9 kUTa haiN| pUrva ke siddhAyatana kUTa para jinamandira hai| hairaNyavata-kSetra- rukmi aura zikharI parvatoM ke bIca sthita isa kSetra meM suvarNakUlA aura rUpyakUlA nadiyA~ gandhavAn nAbhigiri ko gheratI huI bahatI haiN| yaha haimavatakSetra jitanA vistRta hai| yahA~ zAzvata jaghanya bhogabhUmi kI vyavasthA hai| zikharI parvata-hairaNyavata aura airAvata kSetroM kA vibhAjaka 100 yojana U~cA hemamaya zikharI parvata hai| isa para sthita puMDarIka sarovara ke dakSiNI dvAra se suvarNakUlA, pUrvI-pazcimI dvAroM se kramazaH raktA-raktodA nadiyA~ nikalatI haiN| isa para 11 kUTa haiN| pUrvI kUTa para jinAlaya hai|3|| airAvata-kSetra kA vivaraNa bharata-kSetra-jaisA hai| isameM raktA, raktodA nadiyA~ hai| lavaNa-samudra-jambUdvIpa ko cUr3I ke AkAra meM valayAkArarUpa se ghere hue do lAkha yojana vistRta 'lavaNa-samudra' hai| isake jala kI sataha kA AkAra sIdhI rakhI nAva para auMdhI rakhI nAva ke AkAra-jaisA hai| isakA bhUvyAsa citrApRthvI kI praNidhi meM (nIce) do lAkha yojana tathA Upara mukhavyAsa dasa hajAra-yojana hai| lavaNa-samudra ke bahumadhyabhAga meM cAroM ora diggata cAra utkRSTa, vidiggata cAra madhyama tathA antara diggata eka hajAra jaghanya pAtAla (gaDDe-vivara) haiN| kula eka hajAra ATha pAtAla haiN| ye-saba rAMjana-ghar3e ke AkAra-jaise haiN| ina pAtAloM ke nicale eka tihAI (1/ 3) bhAga meM vAyu, uparima 1/3 bhAga meM jala tathA madhya ke 1/3 bhAga meM jala aura vAyu donoM pAye jAte haiN| bhUgola :: 529 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #539
pAtAloM ke madhyama bhAgastha jala tathA vAyu kI hAni-vRddhi hotI rahatI hai| kRSNapakSa meM jala kI hAni aura zukla pakSa meM jala kI vRddhi hotI hai| amAvasyA ke dina samatala jala kI U~cAI gyAraha hajAra yojana rahatI hai tathA zukla pakSa kI pratipadA se bar3hatebar3hate pUrNimA taka solaha hajAra yojana ho jAtI hai, phira kRSNapakSa kI pratipadA se ghaTate-ghaTate amAvasyA ko 11 hajAra yojana raha jAtI hai| pAtAloM ke madhyama bhAgastha jala aura vAyu kA caMcalapanA hI zukla-kRSNa pakSoM meM samudrI-jala kI vRddhi-hAni kA kAraNa hai| pAtAloM ke nicale bhAga ke pavana se prerita hokara madhyama bhAga kA jala aura vAyu vAlA bhAga calAcala hotA hai| phalata: pUrNimA ko pAtAloM ke nicale do bhAgoM meM pUrNata: vAyu aura UparI eka bhAga meM jala rahatA hai| amAvasyA ko pAtAloM ke UparI do bhAgoM meM jala aura nicale eka bhAga meM vAyu rahatI hai| lavaNasamudra ke Abhyantara aura bAhya taToM ke pAsa caubIsa-caubIsa kumAnuSadvIpa bhI haiM, jinameM kubhogabhUmiyA~ haiN| inameM vicitra AkRtiyoM vAle tathA eka palya kI Ayu vAle manuSya/tiryaMca rahate haiN| inake sivAya lavaNasamudra meM golAkAra 8 sUryadvIpa, 16 candradvIpa tathA gautama mAgadha, baratanu, prabhAsa Adi anya aneka dvIpa bhI haiM, jahA~ devoM ke AvAsa haiN| sAgara talava pAtAla pUrNimA kA jala lala dRSTaiinaM.2 Poroad ri.. ------ ---kAma ra avasthita jala tala citrA pathivI kharabhAgakA dasarA paTala, 530 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #540
lavaNasamudra meM jala kI U~cAI adhika hone se sUrya-candra Adi jyotiSka devoM kA saMcAra jala ke bhItara se hI hotA hai| dhAtakI-khaMDa- lavaNasamudra ko valayAkArarUpa se ghere hue cAra lAkha yojana vistRta 'dhAtakI khaMDa' hai| dhAtakI vRkSa (A~vale kA per3a) hone se yaha dhAtakIkhaMDa kahalAtA hai| isa dvIpa kI uttara aura dakSiNa dizA meM dakSiNottara lambe, cAra kUToM se saMyukta, cAra-cAra sau yojana U~ce do iSvAkAra parvata haiN| inase yaha dvIpa (1) pUrvI dhAtakI-khaMDa aura (2) pazcimI dhAtakI-khaMDa-ina do khaMDoM meM vibhakta ho gayA hai| ina donoM khaMDoM meM kSetra, parvata, nadI, sarovara Adi kI racanA jambUdvIpa ke samAna hai| kulAcala Adi kI gaharAI, U~cAI to samAna hai, para vistAra sabhI kA dUnA-dUnA hai| donoM khaMDoM ke meruoM kI U~cAI 84-84 hajAra yojana hai| pUrvIkhaMDa meM vijayameru aura pazcimI khaMDa meM acala meru haiN| ina para sudarzana meru kI taraha bhadrazAla Adi 4 vana, 3 kaTaniyA~ tathA jinAlaya Adi haiM 182 kAlodaka-samudra-dhAtakIkhaMDa ko valayAkAra rUpa se ghere hue ATha lAkha yojana vistRta 'kAlodaka samudra' hai| isameM pAtAla nahIM hai| yaha sarvatra eka hajAra yojana gaharA hai| lavaNa samudra kI taraha isa samudra meM bhI Abhyantara aura bAhya taToM ke samIpa 2424 kumAnuSa dvIpa haiN| ina meM kubhogabhUmiyA vicitra AkRti aura eka palya kI AyuvAle manuSya/tiryaMca rahate haiN| kAlodaka samudra ko Adi lekara Age ke saba samudra TAMkI se ukere gaye ke samAna taToM vAle, eka hajAra yojana gahare aura do vedikAoM se veSTita haiN| puSkaravara-dvIpa-puSkaravRkSa se cihnita kAlodaka samudra ko valayAkAra rUpa se ghere solaha lAkha yojana vistRta 'puSkaravara dvIpa' hai| isake bIcoM-bIca kuMDalAkAra 'mAnuSottara' parvata hai| isase yaha dvIpa bhItarI aura bAhya-ina do bhAgoM meM ba~Ta gayA hai| isake bhItarI bhAga meM hI manuSya haiN| isa parvata ko lA~ghakara manuSya bAharI bhAga meM nahIM jA skte| isI se yaha parvata 'mAnuSottara' kahalAtA hai; yathA-"maNusuttaro ti maNusA maNusuttaralaMgha satti parihINA"-trilokasAra 323 / ise lA~ghane kI sAmarthya manuSyoM meM nahIM hai| __ ATha lAkha yojana vistRta bhItarI puSkarArdha dvIpa meM dhAtakI-khaMDa kI hI taraha uttaradakSiNa meM eka-eka iSvAkAra parvata hai, jinase yaha dvIpa bhI pUrvI aura pazcimI-ina do bhAgoM meM ba~Ta gayA hai| ina donoM hI bhAgoM meM jambUdvIpa ke hI samAna kSetra, parvata, nadI sarovara Adi kI racanA hai| inakA vistAra dhAtakI-khaMDa ke kulAcalAdi se dUnA-dUnA hai| yahA~ ke pUrvI bhAga meM mandara-meru aura pazcimI bhAga meM vidyunmAlI nAma ke 8484 hajAra yojana U~ce meruparvata haiN| ina para bhI vana, jinAlaya Adi sumeru kI hI taraha haiN| mAnuSottara parvata- puSkara-vara-dvIpa ke madhya meM kuMDalAkAra rUpa se sthita manuSyaloka kA vibhAjaka 1721 yojana U~cA svarNima mAnuSottara parvata hai| isakA bhItarI bhAga bhUgola :: 531 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #541
TaMkotkIrNa dIvAra kI bhA~ti sIdhA hai, para bAharI bhAga Upara zikhara se nIce dharAtala kI ora kramazaH DhAlU hai-nIcA hotA gayA hai| isa parvata meM caudaha guphAe~ haiM, jinase pUrvI-pazcimI puSkarArdha kI gaMgA-sindhu Adi nadiyA~ nikalatI haiN| tri.sA.gA. 940 ke anusAra isa parvata para 22 kUTa haiN| naiRtya aura vAyavya dizAoM ko chor3akara zeSa 4 dizAoM aura do vidizAoM meM paMktirUpa se 3-3 kUTa haiM--6x3=18 kUTa tathA cAroM pUrvAdi dizAoM meM manuSya-loka kI ora 1-1 siddhAyatana hai, jinameM jinAlaya haiN| isa taraha 18+4=22 kUTa parvata para haiN| 18 kUToM para vyantara deva saparivAra rahate haiN| mAnuSottara manuSyaloka kI sImA kA nirdhAraka hai| isake bhItara kA do samudra aura DhAI dvIpoM vAlA samasta kSetra 'DhAIdvIpa yA manuSyaloka' kahalAtA hai| yaha 45 lAkha yojana vistRta hai| mAnuSotara parvata Nan I Muyen karakarATa TIM ka sAgara samAdena adhara merA nAbhigiri saba dvIpoM ke madhya meM (1) jambUdvIpa hai| ise lavaNa-samudra ghere hai| lavaNa-samudra ko (2) dhAtakI-khaMDa-dvIpa, dhAtakI-khaMDa ko kAlodaka-samudra, kAlodaka ko (3) puSkaravara-dvIpa aura puSkaravara' ko puSkarodaka samudra ghere hue hai / isake Age (4) vAruNIvara, (5) kSIravara, (6) ghRtavara, (7) kSaudravara, (8) nandIzvara, (9) aruNavara, (10) aruNAbhAsavara, (11) kuMDalavara, (12) zaMkhavara, (13) rucakavara, (14) bhujagavara, (15) kuzavara aura (16) krauMcavara dvIpa haiM, jo apane-apane nAmoM jaise samudroM se ghire haiN| isake Age asaMkhyAta dvIpa-samudroM ko lA~ghakara (1) manaHzilA nAmaka dvIpa hai| 532 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #542
isase Age kramazaH (2) haritAla, (3) sindUra, (4) zyAmaka, (5) aMjana, (6) hiMgulika, (7) rupyavara, (8) svarNavara, (9) vajravara, (10) vaiDUryavara, (11) nAgavara, (12) bhUtavara, (13) yakSavara, (14) devavara, (15) ahIndravara aura antima (16) svayaMbhUramaNa dvIpa haiN| ye dvIpa apane-apane nAmoM vAle 16 samudroM se saMyukta hote hue madhyaloka ke bAharI bhAga meM sthita haiN| krauMcavara samudra aura mana:zilA dvIpa ke madhya meM jo asaMkhyAta dvIpa-samudra haiM, ve bhI uttama nAmoM vAle haiN| ina asaMkhyAta dvIpasamudroM ke do-do vyantara deva adhipati mAne gaye haiN| inameM prathama deva dakSiNa dizA kA aura dUsarA deva uttara dizA kA adhipati hai| svAda-rasa-madhyaloka ke ina samudroM meM lavaNasamudra ke jala kA svAda namaka jaisA khArA hai| vAruNIvara kA vAruNI (zarAba) jaisA, kSIravara kA kSIra (dUdha) jaisA aura ghRtavara ke jala kA svAda ghI-jaisA hai| kAlodaka, puSkaravara aura svayaMbhUramaNa samudroM kA jala sAmAnya jala ke svAdavAlA hai| zeSa sabhI samudroM kA jala ikSurasa (ganne ke rasa)jaise svAda vAlA hai| kinhIM ke mata meM puSkaravara samudra ke jala kA svAda madhumizrita jala-jaisA hai| samudroM meM jalacara- karmabhUmi se sambandha hone ke kAraNa lavaNasamudra, kAlodaka aura antima svayaMbhUramaNa samudra meM jalacara jIva pAye jAte haiN| zeSa samudra bhogabhUmi sambandhI haiN| ata: unameM jalacara jIva nahIM pAye jAte haiN| dvIpoM meM tiryaMca- mAnuSottara se svayaMprabha parvata madhyaloka ke asaMkhyAta dvIpoM meM jaghanya bhoga-bhUmiyA tiryaMca hI pAye jAte haiM-93 "varado sayaMpahottiya jahaNNabhogAvaNI tiriyA"-tri.sA.-323 karmabhamija tiryaMca- svayaMprabhaparvata ke bAharI bhAga meM karmabhami kI racanA hai| utkRSTa avagAhanA vAle trasa jIva yahIM pAye jAte haiN| asaMkhyAta dezavratI tiryaMca bhI yahA~ hote haiN| vikalendriya jIva isa tarapha mAnuSottara parvata taka tathA usa ora svayaMprabha parvata ke bAharI bhAga meM svayaMbhUramaNa samudra ke anta taka pAye jAte haiN| utkRSTa avagAhanA vAle trasa jIva ekendriyoM meM kamala kI lambAI eka hajAra yojana se kucha-adhika hai| dvIndriyoM meM zaMkha kI 12 yojana lambAI hai| trIndriyoM meM cIMTI kI 3/4 yojana arthAt 3 koza, caturindriyoM meM bhramara ke zarIra kI lambAI 1 yojana = 4 koza hotI hai| paMcendriyoM meM mahAmatsya ke zarIra kI lambAI eka hajAra yojana hotI hai| ___ parvatavizeSa-vijayArdha-apane donoM choroM (kinAroM) se samudra ko chUne vAlA, pUrvapazcima meM lambAyamAna vijayArdha-parvata bharata-kSetra ke madhya meM sthita hai| yaha 25 yojana U~cA, 6% yojana gaharA aura 50 yojana bhUtala para phailA hai| ye rajata-maya (zveta-varNa) hai| isameM tIna zreNiyA~ haiN| bhUtala se 100 yojana Upara isa parvata para 10 yojana vistRta, parvata-jitanI lambI do vidyAdhara zreNiyA~ haiN| dakSiNazreNI meM 50 tathA uttarazreNI meM 60 bhUgola :: 533 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #543
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org prAkAroM-gopuroM se yukta sarva - ratna - maya ujjvala nagariyA~ haiM / inase 10 yojana Upara Abhiyogya jAti ke devoM ke maNi-nirmita bhavya bhavana / prAsAda haiM / inase bhI 5 yojana Upara 10 yojana vistRta parvata zikhara para pUrNabhadrA zreNI hai, jahA~ vijayArdha nAmaka deva rahatA hai| isa zreNI para svarNamaya 9 kUTa haiM / pUrvI prathama kUTa siddhAyatana hai, jisa para jinAlaya hai | vijayArdha parvata bharatakSetra ko uttara-dakSiNa do bhAgoM meM bA~TatA hai 198 vijayArdha parvata 534 :: jainadharma paricaya kurya pravaNabharata likhi pUrNabhadrANi prapAta mipisva free zo kuTa kaTa ree kuNDalavara parvata va TrIpa Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir airAvata kSetra aura 32 videhoM meM bhI isI taraha ke vijayArdha parvata una-una kSetroM ko uttara-dakSiNa bhAgoM meM vibhakta karate haiM / videhoM ke vijayArthoM para uttara - dakSiNa meM 55-55 vidyAdhara nagariyA~ haiM / Ayalara dvIpa kuMDalagiri - gyArahaveM kuMDalavara dvIpa ke madhya meM mAnuSottaravat valayAkArarUpa se avasthita 75 hajAra yojana U~cA svarNamaya kuMDalagiri hai / yaha mAnuSottara parvata se dasa gunA vistRta hai| isake zikhara para cAroM dizAoM meM devoM-sambandhI cAra-cAra kUTa haiM aura eka-eka kUTa jinendra bhagavAna sambandhI bhI hai / isa taraha isa para kula 20 kUTa haiM / cAra kUToM para jinAlaya haiM, zeSa para kUTanAmadhArI deva rahate haiM / kUToM kI sthiti meM mata-1 ta - bhinnatA bhI hai / 199 midAna For Private And Personal Use Only gA THUMERUT Au

Page #544
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra pazcima www. kobatirth.org rucakagiri - 13veM rucakavara dvIpa ke madhya meM valayAkAra rUpa se avasthita svarNamaya rucakagiri hai| isakI U~cAI nIce bhU-vyAsa tathA Upara mukha - vyAsa 84-84 hajAra yojana hai / isa para cAroM dizAoM meM paMkti rUpa se 8-8 kUTa haiN| ina kUToM ke bhItarI bhAga meM tIna-tIna kUTa aura haiN| isa prakAra kula 44 kUTa haiN| inameM sabase bhItarI eka - eka kUTa para jinabhavana haiN| zeSa sabhI 40 kUToM para apane-apane kAryoM meM dakSa deviyA~ rahatI haiN| 8x4=32 kUToM para sthita 32 dikkumAriyA~ tIrthaMkaroM ke janmakalyANakoM meM tIrthaMkara mAtA kI savinaya sevA karatI haiM / yahA~ bhI kUToM kI saMkhyA evaM avasthiti meM mata - bhinnatA hai 1100 uttara rucakagiri ww dakSiNa nandIzvara dvIpa - yaha AThavA~ dvIpa hai / yaha eka sau tresaTha karor3a caurAsI lAkha (1638400000) yojana vistRta hai| isakI pratyeka dizA ke madhya bhAga meM 84 hajAra yojana lambA-caur3A aura U~cA kRSNa-varNa aMjana - giri hai| isa parvata kI cAroM dizAoM meM eka-eka lAkha yojana lambI-caur3I (caukora ) TaMkotkIrNa Upara-nIce eka jaisI, ratnamaya taToM vAlI, eka hajAra yojana gaharI, svaccha jala se labAlaba bharIM, jalacara jIvoM se rahita cAra-cAra bAvar3iyA~ haiN| inake madhya meM dasa-dasa hajAra yojana lambe-caur3e zvetavarNa dadhimukha parvata haiN| ina bAvar3iyoM ke do-do bAharI konoM para eka-eka hajAra yojana lambe caur3e aura U~ce tapAye hue sone-jaise lAlavarNa rati-kara parvata haiN| aMjana - giri, dadhimukha aura rati-kara- ye sabhI khar3e Dhola ke samAna golAkAra haiM / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vara dvIpa.. For Private And Personal Use Only bhUgola :: 535

Page #545
sabhI bAvar3iyA~ surabhita puSpoM ke samAna haiM tathA inake cAroM ora eka-eka lAkha yojana lambe aura 50-50 hajAra yojana caur3e pUrvAdi dizAoM meM kramaza: azoka, saptacchada campaka aura AmravRkSoM ke vana haiN| ye vana saba ora se vedikAoM-sahita haiN| isa prakAra nandIzvara dvIpa kI pratyeka dizA meM 1 aMjana-giri, 4 dadhi-mukha, 8 ratikara parvata, 4 bAvar3iyA~ aura 16 vana haiN| cAroM dizAoM meM kula 52 parvata, 16 bAvar3iyA~ aura 64 vana haiN| cAroM dizAoM ke 52 parvatoM para hI jinAlaya haiN| pratyeka jinAlaya meM 108-108 jina pratimAe~ haiN| ye dasa tAla lakSaNoM se bharI huI dekhatI-sI, bolatI-sI lagatI haiN| pA~ca-pA~ca sau dhanuSa U~cI haiN| kalpavAsI aura bhavanatrika-(bhavanavAsI, vyantara aura jyotiSka) devoM ke indra apane-apane parivAra devoM ke sAtha vAhanoM para baiThakara hAthoM meM divya phala-phUla lekara prazasta AbharaNoM ko dhAraNa kara cAmara, senA, dhvajA-bAjoM se saMyukta hokara nandIzvara dvIpa jAkara pratyeka varSa kI ASAr3ha, kArtika aura phAlguna mAsa kI aSTamI se pUrNimA taka nirantara do-do pahara taka pradakSiNA krama se mahAmaha pUjAe~ karate haiN|101 ___ ATha a~dherI paMktiyA~-nandIzvara dvIpa ke Age 9 vA~ aruNadvIpa aura usako ghere hue aruNasAgara hai| yahA~ samudra se lekara brahmaloka ke anta taka andhakAra hI andhakAra hai| aruNasAgara ke bAhara mRdaMgAkAra ghanAkAra ATha kAlI paMktiyA~ phailI haiN| alpa RddhidhArI isa andhakAra meM digbhramita hokara cirakAla taka bhaTakate rahate haiN| bar3I RddhidhArI devoM ke sAtha hI ve isa samudra ko lA~gha pAte haiN| 02 bharata-airAvata kSetroM meM vRddhi aura hrAsa bharatairAvatayo-vRddhihrAsau SaT samayAbhyAmutsarpivyavasarpiNIbhyAm / / 3/27 kAla-cakra parivartana jI arta hA bharata aura airAvata kSetroM meM rahane vAle manuSyoM ke anubhava, Ayu, zarIra-avagAhanA Adi kI vRddhi aura hrAsa utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI kAloM ke nimitta se hote rahate haiN| utsarpiNI meM anubhavAdi kI vRddhi hotI hai aura avasarpiNI meM hrAsa hotA hai| 120 koDAkoDI sAgaroM kA eka kalpakAla hotA hai| utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI dasa-dasa koDAkor3I sAgaroM ke hote haiM536 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #546
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra kAloM ke nAma 1. suSamA suSamA 4 kor3A kor3I sAgara 2. suSamA sthiti pramANa 3. suSamA - duSamA 2 kor3A kor3I sAgara 5. duSamA 3 kor3A kor3I sAgara 4. duSamA- suSamA 42 hajAra varSakama 1 ko. 21 hajAra varSa 2. suSamA kAla www. kobatirth.org Ayu Adi meM / anta meM dvIpa 1. suSamA - suSamA 5 deva kuru 3 palya 2 palya 2 palya 1 palya 1 palya 1 pUrvakoTi 1 pUrva koTi 120 varSa 120 varSa 6. duSamA - duSamA 21 hajAra 20 varSa varSa 20 varSa 15 varSa avagAhanA Adi meM zarIra / aMta meM 3 koza 2 koza 3. suSamA - duSamA 5 haimavatakSetra jaghanya 2 koza 1 koza 1 koza 500 dhanuSa 500 dhanuSa 7 hAtha 7 hAtha 2 hAtha 2 hAtha 1 hAtha Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kA varNa 1 koza 5 hairaNyavata bhogabhUmi 2000 dhanuSa ugatesUrya-jaisA piyaMgujaisA For Private And Personal Use Only pUrNa-candra- 2 dina bAda jaisA pA~coM varNa - yaha vRddhi aura hrAsa SaTkAla parivartana bharata - airAvata kSetroM ke kevala AryakhaMDoM meM hI hote haiM, kyoMki ye anavasthita haiM / avasthita bhUmiyA~ - bharata - airAvata ke AryakhaMDoM ke sivAya zeSa bhUmiyA~ avasthita haiM; kyoMki inameM SaTkAla parivartana nahIM hotA / 103 kAla kSetra bhogabhUmi avagAhanA uttama 3 kozasuvarNa ke 5 uttara kuru bhogabhUmi 6 hajAra dhanuSa samAna 5 harikSetra 2 koza zaMkha ke 5 ramyakakSetra bhogabhUmi 4 hajAra dhanuSa samAna madhyama AhAra zarIra kA raMga 3 dina bAda kAnti-hIna bahuta bAra 5 varNa dhUma-varNa bArambAra 1 dina bAda Ayu pratidina eka bAra AhAra 3 palyopama 3 dina ke | antara se 2 palyopama 2 dina ke antara se nIlakamala 1 palyopama 1 dina ke ke samAna antara se bhUgola :: 537

Page #547
suSamA-suSamA prathama kAla-DhAIdvIpa ke pA~coM deva-kuru tathA pA~coM uttara-karu kSetroM meM sadA vartatA hai| yahA~ prathama-kAla-jaisI Ayu utsedha, sukha Adi kI vartanA sadA rahatI hai| suSamA nAmaka dvitIya-kAla-jaisI vartanA DhAIdvIpa ke pA~coM hari tathA ramyaka kSetroM meM sadA hotI rahatI hai| suSamA-duSamA nAmaka tRtIya kAla kI vartanA pA~coM haimavata aura hairaNyavata kSetroM meM sadA banI rahatI hai| ye kramazaH uttama, madhyama aura jaghanya bhogabhUmiyA~ kahI jAtI haiN| DhAIdvIpa meM isa taraha 10 uttama, 10 madhyama aura 10 jaghanya kula 30 zAzvata bhogabhUmiyA~ haiN| ye sabhI avasthita bhUmiyA~ hai| bhogabhUmi vaiziSTya7- yahA~ kI bhUmi darpaNa-sadRza svaccha nirmala kaMkar3a-patthara dhUla-dhuA~ Aga Adi se rahita hotI hai| yahA~ ke sarovara tathA bAvar3iyA~ dUdha, ikSurasa, jala, madhu aura ghI se bharI hotI haiN| yahA~ 2, 3, 4 indriya tathA asaMjJI paMcendriya jIva, jalacara, napuMsaka evaM labdhyaparyAptaka jIva nahIM hote| kalpavRkSoM ke prakAza se sadAprakAzita rahane ke kAraNa rAta-dina kA bheda yahA~ nahIM hotaa| sardI-garmI, cora-zatru, roga-upadrava Adi kI bAdhAe~ tathA prAkRtika ApadAe~ bhI yahA~ nahIM hotiiN| bhogopabhoga kI sabhI sAmagrI 10 prakAra ke kalpavRkSoM se prApta hotI rahatI hai| yahA~ strI-puruSa yugalarUpa meM hI janmate haiM aura Ayu pUrNa hone ke pUrva yugala santAna ko janma dekara svargavAsI ho jAte haiN| bhogabhUmiyA jIvoM meM/manuSyoM meM jAti-kula, rAjAprajA, svAmI-sevaka-jaisA bheda nahIM hotaa| inameM ApasI vaira-virodha tathA vyasana Adi burAiyA~ bhI nahIM hotiiN| ye manda-kaSAyI aura zAntipriya hote haiN| yahA~ siMha Adi tiryaMca bhI zAkAhArI aura zAnta-citta hote haiN| kalpavRkSoM se zAkAhAra prApta karate haiN| yahA~ ke manuSya-tiryaMcoM kA vajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana aura samacaturasra saMsthAna hotA hai Ayu ke 9 mAha zeSa rahane para striyA~ garbhavatI hotI haiM aura 9 mAha bAda yugaliyA santAna ko janma dekara striyA~ jaMbhAI lekara aura puruSa chIMka lekara divaMgata ho jAte haiN| inakA zarIra kapUra kI bhA~ti ur3a jAtA hai| inakA kadalI-ghAta akAla-maraNa nahIM hotaa| marakara niyama se ye deva hote haiN| mithyAdRSTi manuSya-tiryaMca marakara bhavanatrika meM janma lete haiM, para samyagdRSTi Ayu pUrNa kara saudharma-IzAna svargoM meM janmate haiN| __ bhogabhUmi meM kauna janmate haiM ?-mandakaSAyI, satyavAdI, vyasanamukta, 3 makAra aura 5 udumbaraphala tyAgI, nirabhimAnI, zAntipriya, guNAnurAgI, satpAtroM ko dAna denevAle tathA dAna kI anumodanA karane vAle manuSya-tiryaMca bhogabhUmiyoM meM janamate haiN| ___ anya avasthita bhUmiyA~-DhAIdvIpa ke sabhI videhakSetroM meM duSamA-suSamA nAmaka caturtha kAla kI vartanA nirantara banI rahatI hai / 104 isI se yahA~ dharmatIrtha kA pravartana hotA rahatA hai| kama se kama bIsa tIrthaMkara bhagavanta yahA~ sadA virAjate haiN| yahA~ saMkhyAta varSoM kI AyuvAle tathA 500 dhanuSa zarIra kI avagAhanA vAle manuSya hote haiN| ye pratidina AhAra karate haiN| inakI utkRSTa Ayu eka pUrva-koTi-pramANa tathA jaghanya Ayu antarmuhUrta-pramANa hotI hai| 538 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #548
suSamA-suSamA Adi tIna kAloM meM Ayu, AhAra Adi kI vRddhi-hAni ko darzAne vAlI tAlikA pRSTha 126 tiloyapaNNattI-khaMDa (2) gA. 324-427 kra. viSaya suSamAsuSamA suSamA suSamA-duSamA 1. bhUmi-racanA uttama bhogabhUmi | madhyama bhogabhUmi | jaghanya bhogabhUmi 2. kAla-pramANa | 4 koDAkor3I sAgara 3 kor3Akor3I sAgara | 2 koDAkor3I sAgara Ayu-utkRSTa 3 palya 2 palya 2 palya 1 palya 1 palya 1 samaya + jaghanya 1 pUrvakoTi 4.| AhAra pramANa bera pramANa vaher3A pramANa A~valA-pramANa 5. avagAhanA-utkRSTa | 6000 dhanuSa 4000 dhanuSa 2000 dhanuSa jaghanya 4000 dhanuSa 2000 dhanuSa 500 dhanuSa 6. AhAra-antarAla 3 dina bAda 2 dina bAda 1 dina bAda 7. kavalAhAra hai kintu | nihAra kA abhAva nihAra kA abhAva | abhAva | uttAnazayana 3 dina paryanta 5 dina paryanta | 7 dina paryanta a~gUThA cUsa | upavezana (baiThanA) 3 dina paryanta 5 dina paryanta | 7 dina paryanta | asthira-gamana 3 dina paryanta 5 dina paryanta 7 dina paryanta 11. sthira-gamana | 3 dina paryanta 5 dina paryanta 7 dina paryanta h2. kalA-guNa prApti | 3 dina paryanta 5 dina paryanta 7 dina paryanta h3. tAruNya prApti | 3 dina paryanta 5 dina paryanta 7 dina paryanta h4. samyaktva-yogyatA 3 dina paryanta 5 dina paryanta 7 dina paryanta h5. zarIra pRSThabhAga | 256 128 kI haDDiyA~ h6. saMyama abhAva | guNasthAna aparyApta meM mithyAtva-sAsAdana mithyAtva-sAsAdana | mithyAtva-sAsAdana paryApta meM pahale se cAra taka pahale se cAra taka | pahale se cAra taka h8. | zarIra kI kAnti sUryaprabhA sadRza pUrNa candraprabhA-sadRza | priyaMgu-phala-sadRza .| maraNa ke bAda zarIra meghavat vilIna | meghavat vilIna meghavat vilIna 20. maraNa ke bAda gati-mithyAdRSTi bhavanatrika meM bhavanatrika meM bhavanatrika meM samyagdRSTi | dUsare svarga paryanta / dUsare svargaparyanta dUsare svarga paryanta abhAva abhAva bhUgola :: 539 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #549
i in nadiyA~ co o bhogabhUmi meM utpanna jIvoM kI vaibhava-darzaka-tAlikA kra. nAma tiloya paNNattI pRSTha 113 1. bhUmi svaccha, sApha, kIr3oM Adi se rahita, nirmala-darpaNa-sadRza, paMca varNa kii| gAthA-324-325 2. tRNa (ghAsa) | pA~ca varNa kI mRdula, madhura, sugandhita aura cAra aNgul-prmaann| gAthA-326 3. vApikAe~ jala-jantu-rahita aura sarva vyAdhiyoM ko naSTa karane vAle amRtopama nirmala | jala se yukta / gAthA 328-330 4. prAsAda aneka prakAra kI mRdula zayyAoM aura anupama AsanoM se yukta / gA.- 331 parvata svarNa evaM ratnoM ke pariNAma svarUpa tathA kalpavRkSoM se yukta aura unnt| gAthA-332 ubhaya taToM para ratnamaya sIr3hiyoM se saMyukta aura amRta-sadRza uttama jala se shit| gAthA-334 7. jIva vikalatraya evaM asaMjJI jIvoM kA tathA roga, kalaha aura IrSyA Adi kA abhAva / gAthA-335-336 kAla | rAta-dina ke bheda, andhakAra garmI-sardI kI bAdhA aura pApoM se rhit| gA.- 337 9. utpatti yugala-utpatti hotI hai| anya parivAra evaM grAma nagarAdi se rahita hote haiN| gAthA-338 10. bala eka puruSa meM nau hajAra hAthiyoM ke braabr| gAthA-342-344-345 11. zarIra prazasta 32 lakSaNa yukt| kavalAhAra karate hue bhI nihAra se rhit| gA.- 344 12. kalpavRkSa |10 prakAra ke| gAthA-346 13. | peya padArtha 32 prakAra ke| gAthA-347 14. |vAditra | nAnA prakAra ke| gAthA-348 15. AhAra 116 prakAra kaa| (16) vyaMjana-17 prakAra ke| (17) dAla-14 prakAra kii| gA.-351 18. | khAdya padArtha | 108 prakAra ke| gAthA-351 19. svAdya padArtha 363 prakAra ke| (21) rasa-63 prakAra ke| gAthA-352 21. bhavana svastika evaM nandyAvarta Adi 16 prakAra ke| gAthA-353 22. phUla mAlAe~ | 16000 prakAra kii| gAthA-356 23. | bhoga cakravartI ke bhoga se anntgunne| gAthA-361 24. bhoga-sAdhana vikriyA dvArA aneka prakAra ke zarIra banAte haiN| gAthA-362 25. AbhUSaNa puruSa ke 16 prakAra ke aura strI ke 14 prakAra ke| gAthA-366 26. kalA-guNa 64 kalAoM se yukt| gAthA-389 27. |saMhanana vajravRSabhanArAca / gAthA-343 saMsthAna samacaturastra zarIra / gAthA-343 29. maraNa ka dalI ghAta rhit| 30. | maraNa kA kAraNa puruSa kA chIMka aura strI ke jNbhaaii| gAthA-381 -trilokasAra gAthA-786-791 bhI dekheM 540 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #550
bharata-airAvata kSetroM ke sabhI mleccha khaMDoM meM tathA vijayArdha parvatoM kI zreNiyoM meM avasarpiNI ke caturtha kAla ke Adi se anta taka AryakhaMDoM jaisI Ayu, utsedha, sukhAdi kI hAni hotI rahatI hai tathA utsarpiNI ke tRtIyakAla jaisI Adi se anta taka kramika vRddhi hotI rahatI hai| yahA~ avasarpiNI ke 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 tathA utsarpiNI ke 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 kAloM jaisI vartanA nahIM hotii|106 ataH ye bhI avasthita bhUmiyA~ haiN| karmabhUmiyA~ 08- asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya, vidyA aura zilpa-ina chaha karmoM dvArA jahA~ AjIvikA arjita kI jAtI hai tathA devapUjA, gurUpAsanA, svAdhyAya, saMyama, tapa aura dAna-ye 6 prazasta karma jahA~ kie jAte haiN| prakarSarUpa se pApa aura puNya karmoM kA upArjana jahA~ hotA hai| ve saba karmabhUmiyA~ haiN| sAtaveM naraka taka le jAne vAle prakarSapApa-karmoM kA tathA sarvArthasiddhi taka le jAne vAle prakarSa-puNya-karmoM kA upArjana inhIM karmabhUmiyoM meM hotA hai| mokSa hetu prabala puruSArtha/ sAdhanA bhI inhIM meM saMbhava hotI hai| bharata, airAvata tathA videha kSetroM ke AryakhaMDoM meM ye karmabhUyimA~ haiN| DhAIdvIpa meM 5 bharata, 5 airAvata aura 5 videha-ye 15 karmabhUmiyA~ haiM, para AryakhaMDoM kI apekSA inakI saMkhyA 170 hai| eka-eka videha meM 32-32 AryakhaMDa haiN| pA~coM videhakSetroM ke 160 tathA 5 bharata aura 5 airAvata kSetroM ke 10 AryakhaMDoM ko milAne para inakI kula saMkhyA 170 ho jAtI hai| yahA~ yaha vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki SaTakAla-parivartana kevala bharata aura airAvata ke AryakhaMDoM meM hI hotA hai; kyoMki ye anavasthita kSetra/bhUmiyA~ haiN| avasthita kSetra/ bhUmiyA~ hone ke kAraNa videha kSetroM ke sabhI AryakhaMDoM meM SaTkAla-parivartana nahIM hotaa| yahA~ hamezA caturthakAla hI vartatA rahatA hai| kubhoga bhUmiyA~ 09_ "SaNNavati kubhogabhUmayaH" / / 13, zA.sA. samu. lavaNasamudra aura kAlodaka samudroM ke donoM Antarika aura bAhya taToM ke pAsa 24-24 antarvIpa haiN| donoM samudroM ke cAroM taToM ke 24x4-96 antarvIpa hI 96 kubhoga bhUmiyA~ haiN| yahA~ kutsitarUpa vAle kumAnuSa tiryaMca rahate haiN| ye sabhI antarvIpa madhura rasa vAle phala-phUloM se yukta kalpavRkSoM ke vanakhaMDoM se tathA jala se paripUrNa bAvar3iyoM sahita haiN| lavaNa-samudra kumAnuSa-dvIpa Mm sirong (r) bhUgola :: 541 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #551
yahA~ kumAnuSa-tiryaMca yugalarUpa meM janamate-marate haiN| inheM kisI prakAra kA zArIrika kaSTa, vyAdhi Adi nahIM hote| ye mandakaSAyI hote haiN| vanoM meM vRkSoM ke nIce rahakara phala-phUla khAkara zAntimaya jIvana jIte haiN| kucha kumAnuSa guphAoM meM rahate haiM aura madhura svAdiSTa miTTI khAte haiN| inakI Ayu eka palya kI hotI hai| inakA zarIra eka koza (2000 dhanuSa) U~cA hotA hai| ye Ayuparyanta uttama bhoga bhogate haiN| Ayu pUrNa hone para mithyAdRSTi bhavanatrika meM tathA samyagdRSTi saudharma-IzAna svargoM meM janma lete ___ kumAnuSoM meM kauna janamate haiM- jo diga. muni hokara bhI mAyAcArI karate haiN| jyotiSa tathA mantra Adi kA prayoga kara AhAra Adi prApta karate haiM, dhana cAhate haiN| Rddhirasa-sAta gAravoM se tathA AhAra-bhaya-maithuna-parigraha saMjJAoM se yukta hote haiN| dUsaroM ke vivAha karAte haiM, samyaktva kI virAdhanA karate haiN| apane doSoM kI AlocanA nahIM karate aura dUsaroM ko doSa lagAte haiN| jo mithyAdRSTi paMcAgni tapa tapate haiM, mauna chor3akara bhojana karate haiN| jo durbhAvanA se, apavitratA se, sUtaka se, puSpavatI ke saMsarga se jAtisaMkara Adi doSoM se yukta hote hue bhI satpAtroM ko dAna dete haiM tathA kupAtroM ko dAna dene vAle sabhI kubhogabhUmiyoM meM kumAnuSa-tiryaMca hote haiN| tiryaMcoM kI bhogabhUmi-vyavasthA- mAnuSottara parvata ke Age svayaMbhUramaNadvIpa ke madhya meM sthita svayaMprabhaparvata taka ke asaMkhyAta-dvIpoM meM tiryaMcoM kI jaghanya bhogabhUmi vyavasthA hai| yahA~ kevala yugaliyA tiryaMca hI utpanna hote haiN| ye eka palya kI AyuvAle hote haiM tathA jaghanya bhogabhUmi ke sukhoM ko bhogate haiN| Ayu ke anta meM marakara bhavanatrika meM janma lete haiN| yadi samyaktva sahita hote haiM, to saudharma-IzAna svargoM taka bhI janma dhAraNa karate haiN|110 tiryaMcoM kI karmabhUmi-vyavasthA- svayaMprabha parvata se bAhara Adhe svayaMbhUramaNa dvIpa aura sampUrNa svayaMbhUramaNa samudra meM tiryaMcoM kI karmabhUmi vyavasthA hai| yahA~ ke jalacara, thalacara, nabhacara tiryaMcoM meM samyaktva grahaNa karane kI tathA aNuvratoM ko dhAraNa kara dezavratI hone kI yogyatA hai| kinhIM ko jAtismaraNa se aura kinhIM ko devoM dvArA dharmopadeza milane se samyaktva ho jAtA hai| kadAcit koI dezavratI bhI bana jAte haiN| yahA~ aise samyaktvI aura dezavratI tiryaMca asaMkhyAta haiM, jo Ayu pUrNa kara devagati pAte haiN| yahA~ para duSamA nAmaka paMcama kAla-jaisI vartanA sadA hotI rahatI hai| utkRSTa avagAhanA ke tiryaMca yahIM pAye jAte haiN|111 Urdhvaloka-adholoka ke Upara sAta rAjU U~cA mRdaMgAkAra Urdhvaloka hai| ina sAta rAjuoM meM sumeru parvata kI U~cAI barAbara madhyaloka kI U~cAI bhI zAmila hai| Urdhvaloka meM vimAnavAsI devoM aura muktajIvoM ke avasthAna haiN| 542 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #552
devagati nAmakarma kA udaya hone para jo nAnA prakAra kI bAhya vibhUti se yukta dvIpasamudra Adi aneka sthAnoM meM krIDA karate haiM, ve deva kahalAte haiN| ve cAra nikAyasamUhavizeSa/jAtivAle haiM-bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSka aura vaimaanik| inameM bhavanavAsiyoM ke 10, vyantaroM ke 8, jyotiSka devoM ke 5 tathA 16 svargoM taka ke kalpavAsI devoM ke 12 bheda hote haiN|14 devoM ke ukta cAra nikAyoM meM dasa-dasa prakAra ke deva hote haiM-(1) indra, (1) sAmAnika, (3) trAyiMstraza, (4) pAriSad, (5) AtmarakSa, (6) lokapAla, (7) anIka, (8) prakIrNaka, (9) Abhiyogya aura (10) kilvissik| inameM se trAyiMstraza aura lokapAla-ye do bheda vyantara aura jyotiSI devoM meM nahIM hote| (1) anya devoM meM nahIM pAyA jAne vAlA aNimA Adi Rddhi-rUpa aizvarya jinake pAyA jAtA hai, vaha 'indra' hotA hai| (2) sthAna, Aya, zakti, parivAra aura bhogopabhoga Adi meM jo indroM ke samAna hote haiM, parantu indroM ke samAna AjJA tathA aizvarya nahIM hotA, ve 'sAmAnika' deva hote haiN| ye pitA, guru, upAdhyAya Adi ke samAna AdaraNIya hote haiN| (3) mantrI tathA purohita ke samAna hita cAhane vAle deva 'trAyiMstraza' kahalAte haiM, ye saMkhyA meM tetIsa hI hote haiN| (4) sabhya, sabhAsada, mitra aura nartakAcArya ke samAna deva 'pAriSad' kahalAte haiN| ye vinodazIla hote haiN| (5) kavaca, zastradhArIaMgarakSakoM kI bhA~ti pIche khar3e rahane vAle deva 'AtmarakSa' hote haiN| yadyapi indra ko koI bhaya nahIM hotA, phira bhI vibhUti darzAne tathA dUsaroM para prabhAva DAlane ke lie ye deva hote haiN| (6) lokapAla artharakSaka ke samAna loka kA pAlana va rakSaNa karate haiN| (7) padAti Adi sAta prakAra kI senA ke deva 'anIka' kahalAte haiN| (8) nagaravAsI tathA prAntavAsI jana ke samAna 'prakIrNaka' deva hote haiN| (9) Abhiyogya deva dAsoMjaise hote haiM, jo vimAna Adi khIMcane ke lie vAhakarUpa se pariNata ho jAte haiN| (10) pApoM kI bahulatA vAle pApazIla antavAsI kI taraha sImA ke pAsa rahane vAle deva 'kilviSika' kahalAte haiN|15 bhavanavAsI- bhavanoM meM rahane kA svabhAva hone se ye 'bhavanavAsI' kahalAte haiN|16 ye 10 prakAra ke haiM-(1) asurakumAra, (2) nAgakumAra, (3) vidyutkumAra, (4) suparNakumAra, (5) agnikumAra, (6) vAtakumAra, (7) stanita kumAra, (8) udadhikumAra, (9) dvIpakumAra, (10) dikkumaar|" yadyapi ina-saba kA vaya aura svabhAva avasthita hai, to bhI inakI veza-bhUSA, zastra, yAna, vAhana aura krIr3A Adi kumAroM ke samAna hotI hai| isa kAraNa ye sabhI 'kumAra' kahalAte haiN|18 ratnaprabhA pRthvI ke paMkabahula bhAga meM asurakumAroM ke bhavana haiM aura kharabhAga meM zeSa 9 prakAra ke bhavanavAsiyoM ke bhavana haiN| bhavanavAsiyoM ke kula 7 karor3a 72 lAkha bhavana haiN| ye sabhI caukora sugandhita, ramaNIka udyotarUpa tathA indriyoM ko sukhadAyI haiN| inameM itane bhUgola :: 543 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #553
hI jina-bhavana haiM tathA 10 prakAra ke caityavRkSa bhI jina-pratimAoM sahita vidyamAna haiN| ye bhavanavAsI aSTagaNa RddhiyoM ke dhArI tathA maNimaya AbhUSaNoM se dIpta hote haiN| pUrvabhava ke tapa ke prabhAva se Ayuparyanta sukharUpa iSTa-bhoga bhogate haiN| rAgavaza ye deva dvIpa, kulAcala, bhogabhUmi, nandanavana, bAvar3I aura nadI taToM para bhI krIr3A karate haiN| (ti. pa. 3/249) inakA vaikriyika zarIra mala-mUtra aura saptadhAtuoM se rahita hotA hai| ___vyantara- aneka dezAntaroM meM inakA nivAsa hone se ye vyantara kahalAte haiN| nAmakarma ke udaya se inake 8 kula hote haiM- (1) kinnara, (2) kimpuruSa, (3) mahoraga, (4) gandharva, (5) yakSa, (6) rAkSasa, (7) bhUta aura (8) pishaac| ye deva divya vaikriyika zarIravAle tathA mAnasika AhAra karane vAle hote haiN| kinnara haritavarNa, kimpuruSa dhavalavarNa, mahoraga zyAmavarNa, gandharva hemavarNa, yakSa-rAkSasa-bhUta-pizAca-ye sabhI zyAmavarNa hote haiN| inake AvAsoM meM jina-pratimA aura mAnastambha-sahita caityavRkSa bhI hote haiM / 120 ___ jambUdvIpa se asaMkhyAta dvIpa-samudra lA~ghakara citrA pRthvI ke kharabhAga meM sAta prakAra ke vyantaroM ke AvAsa haiM tathA paMkabahula bhAga meM rAkSasoM ke AvAsa haiN| inake sivAya pRthvI ke Upara madhyaloka ke bhUmitala para bhI dvIpa, parvata, samudra, grAma, nagara, tirAhAcaurAhA, ghara-A~gana, galI, vana, udyAna, jalAzaya, vRkSa, devAlaya Adi meM bhI ye nivAsa karate haiN| ___ jyotiSa deva- ye pA~ca prakAra ke haiM- (1) sUrya, (2) candra, (3) graha, (4) nakSatra, aura (5) prakIrNaka taare|22 ye deva prakAzamAna vimAnoM meM rahate haiM / ataH jyotissk| jyotiSI deva kahalAte haiN| ye madhyaloka meM pRthvI ke samatala bhUbhAga se 790 yojana kI U~cAI se lekara 900 yojana kI U~cAI taka 110 yojana moTe bhAga meM vidyamAna haiN| jyotiSiyoM kA yaha pahela tiryakrUpa se asaMkhyAta dvIpa samudroM taka ghanodadhivAtavalaya taka phailA hai| sabase nIce tAre haiM aura sabase Upara anta meM zani kA vimAna hai|23 jyotiSka tAre / sUrya / candramA nakSatra | budha / zukra | guru | maMgala | zani bhUtala se | 790 | 800 880884 | 888 891 | 894897 | 900 U~cAI yojana | yojana | yojana | yojana yojana | yojana yojana | yojana | yojana -citrA pRthvI se Upara budha aura zani ke antarAla meM 888 yojana se 900 yojana ke bIca meM zeSa bace 83 grahoM kI nitya nagariyA~ haiN|124 jyotiSI devoM ke vimAna lohe ke ardhagole ke samAna Upara samatala aura caur3e tathA nIce golAkAra haiM / 125 inakA prakAzita nicalA bhAga hI hameM dikhatA hai| rAhu kA vimAna candramA ke vimAna ke nIce tathA ketu kA vimAna sUrya vimAna ke nIce cAra 544 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #554
pramANAMgula ke antara se calatA hai| gativizeSa ke kAraNa jisa pUrNimA ko rAhuvimAna candravimAna ko AcchAdita karatA hai, taba candragrahaNa hotA hai tathA jisa amAvasyA ko ketuvimAna sUrya vimAna ko AcchAdita karatA hai taba sUryagrahaNa hotA hai / (tri. sA. 339-340) sUrya aura candramA ke vimAnoM ko 16-16 hajAra, grahoM ke vimAna ko ATha-ATha hajAra, nakSatroM ke vimAna ko 4-4 hajAra aura tAroM ke vimAna ko do-do hajAra vAhaka deva lekara calate haiN| yadyapi jyotiSka vimAna svabhAvataH sadaiva ghUmate rahate haiM, to bhI samRddhi-vizeSa ko abhivyakta karane ke lie Abhiyogya deva inheM nirantara Dhote rahate haiN| ye deva siMha, gaja, vRSabha aura azva kA AkAra dhAraNa kie rahate haiN| _ 'meru pradakSiNA-nityagatayo nRloke'| 4/13 ta. sUtra-manuSya loka meM jyotiSI deva nirantara gamana karate rahate haiN| isake bAhara ve gamana nahIM karate; kyoMki manuSya-loka ke bAhara ke jyotiSka vimAna sthira svabhAva vAle haiM'-'bahiravasthitAH 14/15 ta. sUtra-manuSya loka meM jyotiSiyoM ke vimAna Abhiyogya jAti ke devoM se prerita hokara nirantara gatizIla rahate hai, kyoMki ina devoM kA karma gati-rUpa se hI phalatA hai| ye sumeru parvata se 1121 yojana dUra rahakara hI usa parvata kI pradakSiNA karate haiN|126 ___'tatkRtaH kAlavibhAgaH' 4/14 ta. sUtra- stava, lava, ghar3I, muhUrta, pahara, dinarAta, pakSa, mAha, Rtu, ayana, saMvatsara Adi vyavahAra-kAla kA vibhAga gatizIla jyotiSI devoM dvArA kiyA huA hai| inake gamana ke phalasvarUpa hI jagat meM ghar3I-ghaMTA, dinarAta Adi kA vyavahAra hotA hai| yaha kAla-vyavahAra manuSya-loka meM hI hotA hai| isake bAhara ke jyotiSI deva sthira-svabhAvI haiM, gamana nahIM krte| ataH kAla-vyavahAra nahIM hai| __ manuSyaloka meM 132 sUrya tathA 132 candramA haiM-jambUdvIpa meM do-do, lavaNasamudra meM cAra-cAra, dhAtakIkhaMDa meM 12-12, kAlodadhi meM 42-42 aura puSkarArdha meM 72-72 sUrya aura candramA haiN| jyotiSiyoM meM candramA indra aura sUrya pratIndra hotA hai| eka candraparivAra meM eka sUrya, 28 nakSatra, 88 graha aura 66975 kor3Akor3I tAre hote haiN| jambUdvIpa meM do sUrya aura do candramA haiN| eka sUrya jambUdvIpa kI parikramA do dinarAta meM pUrI karatA hai| isakA paribhramaNa-kSetra jambUdvIpa meM 180 yojana tathA lavaNa-samudra meM 3300 yojana hai| sUrya-paribhramaNa kI kula 184 galiyA~ (vIthI) haiN| inameM do sUrya kramazaH eka-eka galI meM ghUmate haiN| candramA ko pUrI parikramA dene meM do dinarAta se kucha-adhika samaya lagatA hai| isI se candrodaya ke kAla meM hInAdhikatA hotI hai| candrakalAe~ ghaTatI-bar3hatI kyoM haiM? ...zrI trilokasAra (gAthA-342) ke anusAra bhUgola :: 545 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #555
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir candra vimAna ke kula 16 vibhAga haiN| eka-eka dina meM eka-eka bhAga kRSNarUpa pariNamana karatA hai aura 15 dina meM vaha pUrA kRSNarUpa ho jAtA hai; phira agale pratipadA se pratyeka dina eka-eka bhAga zvetarUpa se pariNamana karatA hai aura 15 dina meM pUrNamAsI taka vaha pUrA zuklarUpa ho jAtA hai| anya AcAryoM ke anusAra aMjanavarNa rAhu kA vimAna pratidina eka-eka patha meM 15 kalA-paryanta candra-bimba ke eka-eka bhAga ko AcchAdita karatA hai, phira punaH vahI rAhu pratipadA se pUrNimA taka apane gamana-vizeSa se ekaeka vIthI meM eka-eka kalA ko chor3atA jAtA hai| isa kAraNa candra-kalAe~ prati-pakSa ghaTatI aura bar3hatI rahatI haiN| ___ uttarAyaNa-dakSiNAyana-sUrya kA bhItarI prathama galI se bAharI antima galI kI ora gamana 'dakSiNAyana' kahalAtA hai aura bAharI antima vIthI se bhItarI prathama vIthI kI ora gamana 'uttarAyaNa' kahA jAtA hai| zrAvaNakRSNa pratipadA ko karkarAzi meM rahate hue sUrya bhItarI prathama galI meM gamana karatA hai, taba dina 18 muhUrta kA aura rAtri 12 muhUrta kI hotI hai| prathama galI se antima galI kI ora gamana karane para sUrya kI gati kramaza: teja hotI jAtI hai aura dina kA pramANa ghaTane aura rAtri kA pramANa bar3hane lagatA hai| mAgha kRSNa pratipadA ko makara rAzi meM rahate hue sUrya antima galI meM bhramaNa karatA hai| yahA~ para rAtri 18 muhUrta kI aura dina 12 muhUrta kA hotA hai| bAharI paridhi se bhItarI paridhi kI ora sUrya ke gamana karane para rAtri ghaTane aura dina bar3hane lagatA hai| sUryagati bhI kramazaH manda hotI jAtI hai| bAharI paridhi meM sUrya siMhavat teja calatA hai, madhyama vIthiyoM meM ghor3evat tathA bhItarI vIthiyoM meM hAthIvat gamana karatA hai|127 bhavanatrika meM kauna janma lete haiM?-- bhavanavAsI, vyantara aura jyotiSI devoM ko bhavanatrika kahate haiN| jinamata ke viparIta dharma kA AcaraNa karane vAle, nidAna-sahita tapa tapane vAle, Aga, jala Adi se marane vAle, khoTe tapa tapane vAle tathA sadoSa cAritra-pAlaka jIva bhavanatrika meM janma lete hai|128 jo kutapoM dvArA zarIra ko kaSTa dete haiM, samyak tapa aMgIkAra karake bhI viSayAsakta ho jalate rahate haiM, ve saba vizuddha lezyAoM se devAyu kA bandha kara bAda meM krodhAdi kaSAyoM dvArA isa Ayu kA ghAta kara samyaktva se mana haTAkara bhavanatrikoM meM janamate haiN|129 __ vaimAnika deva-vaimAnikA: 4/16, ta.sUtra-caturtha nikAya ke deva vaimAnika deva haiN| vimAnoM meM rahane ke kAraNa inheM vaimAnika kahA gayA hai|130 yadyapi jyotiSI deva bhI vimAnoM meM rahate haiM, to bhI ina caturtha nikAya ke devoM meM hI vaimAnika saMjJA rUr3ha hai| inakA janma vimAnoM meM upapAda zayyA para hotA hai| inake vimAna 3 prakAra ke haiM-(1) indraka, (2) zreNIbaddha aura (3) prkiirnnk| sabhI vimAnoM ke madhya meM indra kI bhA~ti sthita vimAna 'indraka' kahalAte haiN| ye pratyeka 546 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #556
paTala meM eka-eka hI hote haiN| indraka vimAna kI cAroM dizAoM meM paMktirUpa se sthita vimAna ' zreNIbaddha' vimAna kahalAte haiN| vidizAoM meM phUloM kI taraha akrama se bikhare vimAna 'prakIrNaka' vimAna kahe jAte haiN| ina-saba meM vaimAnika deva rahate haiN| kalpopapannAH klpaatiitaashc| 4/17, ta. sUtra-vaimAnika devoM ke do bheda haiM-(1) kalpopapanna aura (2) klpaatiit| jahA~ indra, sAmAnika Adi 10 prakAra ke bhedoM kI kalpanA hai, aise 16 svargoM ke deva 'kalpopapanna' kahe jAte haiN| jinameM indra Adi kI kalpanA nahIM kI jAtI, aise 16 svargoM se Upara ke sabhI deva 'kalpAtIta' kahe jAte haiN| 9 graiveyaka, 9 anudiza aura 5 anuttara vimAnoM ke deva 'kalpAtIta' haiN| inameM koI choTA yA bar3A nahIM hai| sabhI samAna/eka-jaise haiM, ahamindra haiN| ___ uparyupari 4/18, ta. sUtra-vimAnavAsiyoM ke svarga Upara-Upara haiM, jyotiSI vimAnoM kI taraha tirache nahIM haiM tathA vyantaroM ke AvAsoM-jaise aniyamita bhI nahIM haiN| yadyapi svargoM ke bIca meM asaMkhyAta karor3a yojanoM kA antara hai, vyavadhAna hai, phira bhI do ke bIca meM anya koI sajAtIya svarga nahIM hai, ataH samIpatA ke kAraNa 'Upara-Upara' kahA gayA hai| saudharma-IzAna, sAnatkumAra-mAhendra, brahma-brahmottara, lAntava-kApiSTha, zukra-mahAzukra, zatAra-sahasrAra, Anata-prANata, AraNa-acyuta-ina ATha yugaloM meM kalpavAsI deva rahate haiN| inake Upara 9 graiveyaka, 9 anudiza, 5 anuttara vimAnoM meM kalpAtIta deva rahate haiN| sabhI svargoM meM kula 63 paTala haiN| bhUtala se 99040 yojana Upara sumeruparvata kI cUlikA se eka bAla ke antara se saudharma svarga ke prathama paTala kA RtuvimAna pahalA indraka vimAna hai| svargoM ke antima 63veM paTala kA indraka vimAna sarvArthasiddhi hai| donoM ke bIca 61 paTala aura haiN| ISatprAgbhAra pRthvI aura siddhazilA- sarvArthasiddhi ke dhvajadaMDa se bAraha yojana Upara 'ISatprAgbhAra' nAmakI AThavIM pRthvI hai| isake ThIka madhya meM cA~dI-jaisI sapheda chatrAkAra 'siddhazilA' hai| yaha madhya meM ATha yojana moTI hai; phira kramazaH ghaTatI huI donoM choroM para eka-pradeza-mAtra raha gayI hai| yaha sIdhe rakhe kaTore ke samAna yA uttAna dhavala chatra ke samAna hai| isI ko siddhakSetra yA siddhAlaya kahate haiN| isa siddhAlaya ke uparima bhAga tanuvAtavalaya meM anantAnanta siddha parameSThI virAjamAna haiN| isa siddhAlaya kA vyAsa manuSyaloka ke barAbara 45 lAkha yojana hai|132 __ pA~ca paitallA aura tIna lakhUre-(1) prAgbhArabhUmi (siddhazilA), (2) manuSyaloka, (3) prathama svarga kA RtuvimAna, (4) prathama naraka kA sImantaka indraka bila, tathA (5) siddhAlaya- ye pA~coM vistAra kI apekSA 45-45 lAkha yojana vistRta haiN| yahI 'pA~ca paitallA' kahalAte haiN| (1) sarvArtha siddhi, (2) jambUdvIpa aura sAtaveM naraka bhUgola :: 547 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #557
kA (3) apratiSThAna indraka bila-- ye tInoM eka-eka lAkha yojana vistRta haiN| inheM 'tIna lakhUre' kahA jAtA hai|133 vimAnoM kA AdhAra- saudharmayugala ke vimAnoM kA AdhAra jala hai| sAnatkumAra yugala vAyu para AdhArita hai| brahmAdi 8 svargoM ke vimAnoM kA AdhAra jala aura vAya donoM haiN| Anata svarga se Upara ke sabhI vimAna AkAza para AdhArita haiN| vastutaH devavimAna narakabiloM kI taraha kisI pRthvI para na hokara adhara meM haiN| vahA~ ke pudgala skandha hI jalAdirUpa se pariNata hue haiN|134 vimAnoM kA varNa- prathama svarga-yugala ke vimAna kRSNa, nIla, rakta, pIta aura zukla varNa ke haiN| sAnatkumAra-mAhendra svargoM ke vimAna nIla, rakta, pIta, aura zuklavarNa haiN| brahmAdi 4 svargoM ke vimAna rakta, pIta aura zukla varNa haiN| zukrAdi 8 svargoM ke vimAna pIle aura sapheda haiN| inake Upara ke sabhI vimAna zuklavarNa haiN| sarvArthasiddhivimAna parama zuklavarNa kA hai|35 devoM kI utpatti aura zarIra kI divyatA- pUrvAMcala meM sUryodaya kI bhA~ti deva sukha-rUpa upapAda zayyA para janamate haiN| janamate hI eka antarmuhUrta me chahoM paryAptiyA~ pUrNa kara divya vaikriyika zarIra dhAraNa kara lete haiN| unakA zarIra sukha-rUpa sugandhita divya skandhoM se banA hotA hai| usameM nakha, keza, roma, camar3A, mala-mUtra, rakta-mAMsa Adi sapta dhAtue~ nahIM hotiiN| puNyodaya se unheM rogAdi bhI nahIM hote| ve 16 varSIya kumAra kI taraha sadA dikhate haiN| ve mAnasika AhAra karate haiM, para unheM nIhAra nahIM hotaa| inakA zarIra nigodiyA jIvoM se rahita pratyeka zarIra hotA hai, kyoMki inakA nigoda jIvoM se sambandha nahIM hotaa|136 deviyoM kI utpatti- sabhI kalpavAsI vaimAnika devoM kI deviyA~ saudharma-IzAna svargoM meM hI utpanna hotI haiN| Upara ke svargoM ke deva apanI-apanI niyoginI deviyoM kI utpatti ko avadhijJAna se jAnakara mUlazarIra sahita apane vimAnoM meM le jAte haiN| devoM ke zarIra kI U~cAI-prathama yugala ke deva sAta hAtha U~ce hote haiN| Upara ke svargoM ke devoM ke zarIra kI U~cAI kramazaH ghaTatI jAtI hai| Upara anuttara vimAnoM meM mAtra eka hAtha hI U~cAI raha jAtI hai| bhavanavAsI devoM meM asurakumAra 25 dhanuSa aura zeSa deva 10 dhanuSa U~ce hote haiN| vyantara deva 10 dhanuSa aura jyotiSI deva sAta dhanuSa U~ce hote haiN| deva vikriyA dvArA apane zarIra ko choTA yA bar3A aneka rUpoM meM badala sakate haiN| ataH vikriyA-nirmita zarIroM kI U~cAI aneka prakAra kI hotI hai| __ ucchvAsa aura AhAra-grahaNa- Ayu kI sthiti pramANa ke anusAra devoM ke ucchvAsa aura AhAra-grahaNa kI avadhi bhinna-bhinna hotI hai| eka sAgara kI Ayu vAle deva eka pakSa ke antara se zvAsa lete haiM aura eka hajAra varSa ke antara se mAnasika AhAra 548 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #558
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir karate haiN| isa taraha jitane sAgaroM kI Ayu hotI hai| utane pakSoM ke bAda ve zvAsa lete haiM aura utane hI hajAra varSoM ke bAda ve mAnasika-AhAra grahaNa karate haiN| eka palya kI Ayu vAle deva 5 dina ke antara se AhAra aura 5 muhUrta ke antarAla se zvAsa grahaNa karate haiN| devoM ke mana meM AhAra kA vikalpa hote hI kaMTha se amRta jhara jAtA hai aura ve tapta ho jAte hai| yahI unakA mAnasika-AhAra hai| devoM meM kAmasevana/pravIcAra-'kAyapravIcArA A-aizAnAt'-4/7 ta. sUtra / bhavanatrika sahita aizAna svarga taka ke deva manuSyoM kI taraha zarIra se hI kAmasevana karate haiN| 'zeSAH sparza-rUpa-zabda-manaH pravIcArAH' -ta. sU. 4/7 / sAnatkumAra-mAhendra svargoM ke devadeviyA~ paraspara aMgasparza kara kAmasevana ke sukha kA anubhava karate haiN| brahma se kApiSTha svargoM taka ke deva-deviyA~ paraspara sundara rUpa ko dekhakara hI tRpta ho jAte haiN| zukra se sahasrAra taka ke deva-deviyA~ paraspara zabda-zravaNa mAtra se hI sukhAnubhava karate haiN| Anata se acyuta svargoM ke deva-deviyA~ mana meM eka-dUsare kA vicAra Ate hI tRpta ho jAte haiN|137 'pare' pravIcArAH' -ta.sU. 4/9 / kalpAtIta deva pravIcAra se rahita hote haiM; kyoMki unheM kAmavedanA hI nahIM hotii|138 16 svargoM ke Upara deviyA~ hI nahIM hotii| vahA~ sabhI deva ahamindra hote haiN|138 vaimAnika devoM kA vaiziSTya-vaimAnikoM meM Upara-Upara ke devoM meM sthiti (Ayu), zApa-anugraha kI zakti (prabhAva), sukhAnubhUti, zarIra tathA vastrAbharaNoM kI kAnti (dyuti), lezyA kI nirmalatA/pariNAma-vizuddhi, indriya aura avadhijJAna ke viSaya adhikaadhika hote haiN| zakti aura prabhAva Upara ke devoM meM adhika hote hue bhI inake upayoga kA avasara prAya: inheM nahIM AtA; kyoMki Upara ke deva gati, zarIra, parigraha aura abhimAna kI dRSTi se hIna-hIna hote haiM arthAt Upara ke deva gamanAgamana kama karate haiM, unake zarIra kI U~cAI aura mUrchA-pariNAma (parigraha) bhI uttarottara kama hotA jAtA hai| abhimAna bhI Upara-Upara ghaTatA jAtA hai|140 jinendroM kI mahApUjA aura kalyANakoM ke samaya sabhI ahamindra apane hI sthAna para rahakara mastaka para aMjalipuTa rakhakara namana karate haiN| devoM kI anya vizeSatAe~-devoM kA akAlamaraNa nahIM hotaa| ina kA zarIra aura vastrAbhUSaNa divya hote haiN| zarIra sadA yuvA aura sugandhita rahatA hai| laukAntika devoM ko chor3a 16 svargoM ke devoM kI aneka deviyA~ hotI haiM, jo apane zarIra se pRthak vikriyA bhI kara sakatI haiN| devoM meM strIveda aura puruSaveda hI hote haiM, napuMsaka nhiiN| inheM bhavapratyaya kuavadhi yA su-avadhijJAna hotA hai tathA inake ATha RddhiyA~ bhI hotI haiM-ye apane zarIra ko choTA yA bar3A (aNimA), meru kI taraha vizAla (mahimA) vajra kI taraha kaThora tathA bhArI (garimA), ruI kI taraha bhAra-hIna (laghimA) banA sakate bhUgola :: 549 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #559
haiN| ye bhUtala para sthira rahakara a~gulI se sUrya-cA~da kA sparza kara sakate haiM (praapti)| jala kI taraha pRthvI para tathA pRthvI ke samAna jala para cala sakate haiM (praakmy)| inake sivAya sAre saMsAra meM prabhutva sthApita karane kI sAmarthya (Izitva) aura jIvoM ko vaza meM karane kI zakti (vazitva) bhI inameM hotI hai| devoM meM jaghanya Ayu 10 hajAra varSa tathA utkRSTa Ayu 33 sAgara hotI hai| laukAntika deva- jinake loka (saMsAra) kA anta A gayA hai aura jo brahmaloka ke anta meM rahate haiM, aise nikaTa saMsArI deva 'laukAntika' deva haiN| ye manuSya paryAya pAkara niyama se mokSa jAte haiN|141 ye 14 pUrvo ke pAThI, jJAnopayogI, saMsAra se udvigna, anityAdi bhAvanAoM ko bhAne vAle, zukla-lezyA-dhArI, ati-vizuddha samyagdRSTi hote haiN| viSaya-virakta hone se 'devarSi' kahe jAte hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke dIkSA-kalyANakoM meM unake vairAgya kI prazaMsA/anumodanA karane hetu nIce manuSyaloka meM Ate haiN| ye 5 hAtha U~ce hote haiN| inakI Ayu 8 sAgaroM kI hotI hai| vaimAnikoM meM kauna utpanna hote haiM ?- saMjJI paMcendriya manuSya aura tiryaMca hI vaimAnika devoM meM utpanna hote haiN| mithyAdRSTi 12veM svarga taka tathA avirata samyagdRSTi aura dezavratI manuSya-tiryaMca 16veM acyuta svarga taka utpanna hote haiN| 16veM svarga ke Upara jinaliMgadhArI munirAja hI janma lete haiN| mithyAdRSTi muni bhI jinaliMga ke prabhAva se 9 veM graiveyaka taka utpanna hote haiN| 14 pUrvadhArI munirAja lAntava svarga se nIce utpanna nahIM hote| 42 Adhunika vijJAna kI khoja-Adhunika vijJAna ne yantroM/upakaraNoM aura prayogoM ke mAdhyama se madhyalokAntargata anavasthita bhUmaMDala ke sImita rUpamAtra ko jAnA hai, avasthita/ zAzvata/sthira bhUbhAga ko nahIM jAna pAyA hai| sImita bhUmaMDala-dvIpa-mahAdvIpa, taraMgAyita jalamaMDala, vASpayukta gaisIya vAyumaMDala, gatimAna sauryamaMDala, asthira garama bhUgarbha tathA antarikSAntargata brahmAMDa kI kalpanA hI Aja ke vijJAna kI khoja hai| ___ antarikSa vijJAniyoM ke anusAra- isa asIma AkAza meM aneka nIhArikAe~ (gaileksIja) haiN| eka nIhArikA meM anekoM saura-parivAra haiM aura eka saura-parivAra meM eka tArA (sUrya) candramA aneka graha-upagraha tAre tathA ulkA-samUha hote haiN| saurya-- parivAra kA kendra sUrya hotA hai| brahmAMDa (yUnivarsa) meM aise karor3oM saurya-parivAra haiN| isa taraha asIma AkAza meM asaMkhya bhramaNazIla golAkAra piMDa hai| hamArA saurya-parivAra bhI kisI nIhArikA ke chora para AkAzagaMgA (Milky way) meM sthita hai aura apanI hI paridhi meM dhImI gati se gatimAna hai| ___Adhunika vijJAna isa saurya-parivAra ko lekara hI sRSTi/loka kI vivecanA karatA hai| triloka kI avadhAraNA Adhunika vijJAna meM na hone se Urdhva loka (svargoM) aura 550 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #560
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir adholoka (narakoM) kA kathana / ullekha isameM nahIM hai| saurya parivAra samanvita AkAza - gaMgA tathA brahmAMDa taka hI Aja ke vijJAna kA 'yUnivarsa' vistRta hai, jisakA paripUrNa paricaya ina vaijJAnikoM ko nahIM hai; kyoMki Adhunika vijJAna bhautikavAdI aura prayoga pakSI hone se prayoga karake hI kisI tathya kA nirdhAraNa karatA hai / Urdhvaloka- adholoka (svarga-naraka) prayogasiddha tathA sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa na hone se vijJAna inheM nahIM maantaa| inake bhautika sAdhanoM meM isa asIma lokAloka ko dekhane-jAnane-samajhane kI sAmarthya hI nahIM hai| Aja ke vijJAna ne Aja taka jo bhI khojA hai, jAnA hai, vaha to sImita buddhi aura indriya-janya va kSAyopazamika jJAna kA hI prati phala hai| sImita indriyajanya-jJAna se katipaya tathyoM kA hI bodha ho pAtA hai, sampUrNa kA nahIM / Adhunika bhUgola ke sAre tathya sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa haiM, jabaki jainabhUgola ke sabhI tathya kevalI - pratyakSa haiN| vaise bhI yantroM se prApta jAnakArI kI apekSA yogiyoM kI dRSTi adhika vistRta aura vizvasanIya hotI hai / nirIkSaNa, parIkSaNa, vizleSaNa karake Aja ke vaijJAnikoM ne jo bhUgola - khagola sambandhI tathya saMgRhIta kie haiM, ve anumAna para bhI AdhArita haiM / ataH vivAdita bhI haiN| Adhunika bhUgola ke tathya sImita haiM, jabaki jainabhUgola kA kSetra aura viSaya bahuta vyApaka, vistRta, hRdayAkarSaka aura vismayakArI hai| jainabhUgola ke mApaka AvalI, palya, sAgara, rAjU, jagacchreNI, jagatpratara Adi bhI Adhunika mApakoM se bhinna haiM, adbhuta aura AzcaryakArI bhI haiM / hamArI bhAva - bhAsanA ke viSaya haiN| jainabhUgola kI Adhunika bhUgola se saMgati kyoM nahIM ? - Adhunika bhUgola ke adhyetAoM ko jainabhUgola asaMgata aura vismayakArI isalie lagatA hai, kyoMki Adhunika bhUgola meM anavasthita/ azAzvata bhUgola ke tathya varNita haiM, jo satata parivartanazIla rahe haiN| jaina sAhitya meM avasthita / zAzvata bhUgola kA varNana hai, jo kevalI / sarvajJa - prajJapta hai, jisameM kalpoM kA zatavRtta samAhita hai / avasthita / zAzvata kSetra - jahA~ SaTkAla-parivartana nahIM hotA, sadA eka-sI vartanA hotI hai, ve avasthita kSetra haiM / Urdhvaloka- adholoka avasthita kSetra haiN| madhyaloka meM bhI bhogabhUmi, kubhogabhUmi evaM karmabhUmi ke mleccha khaMDoM meM bhI SaTkAla-parivartana nahIM hotA / ataH ye bhI avasthita / zAzvata bhUmiyA~ haiM / ina saba kA vivecana jainabhUgola meM pAyA jAtA hai, jo Adhunika bhUgola meM nahIM hai / anavasthita/ azAzvata kSetra - bharata aura airAvata ke 5-5 AryakhaMDoM meM utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI ke chaha-chaha kAla-parivartana hote haiN| tadanusAra hAni-vRddhi aura parivartana hote rahate haiM / ataH ye kSetra anavasthita haiM / avasarpiNI ke anta meM saMvartaka vAyu aura 49 divasIya kuvRSTiyoM se ina AryakhaMDoM meM pralaya ke phalasvarUpa pRthvI eka yojana nIce taka cUra-cUra ho jAtI hai tathA utsarpiNI ke prArarambha meM 49 divasIya suvRSTiyoM se ina AryakhaMDoM kA kAyA kalpa ho jAtA hai / ina AryakhaMDoM kA dharAtala yojana- bhara bhUgola : 551 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #561
Upara uTha jAtA hai aura golAkAra dikhane lagatA hai| aneka choTe-choTe parvata aura upasamudra bhI prakaTa ho jAte haiN| ina AryakhaMDoM meM Antarika aura bAhya zaktiyoM dvArA dharAtalIya svarUpa nirantara parivartita hotA rahatA hai| jisase yahA~ kA dharAtala sadA-kAla ekarUpa nahIM rhtaa| Aja ke bhU-vettAoM ne bhI ise mAnA hai, svIkArA hai| unake anusAra yaha dRzyamAna bhUmaMDala araboM varSa pUrva eka peMjiyA ke rUpa meM thA, jisameM sabhI mahAdvIpa jur3e hue the| kAlAntara meM Antarika zaktiyoM ke phalasvarUpa ye alaga-alaga hue haiM aura inake bIca meM mahAsAgara tathA aneka upasAgara aura jhIleM banI haiN| aneka bhUbhAga samudra meM DUba gaye, aneka Upara ubhara Aye haiN| isI anavasthita bhUgola kA vivecana Adhunika bhUgola karatA hai| isI se donoM meM asaMgati pratIta hotI hai| niSkarSa-karaNAnuyoga meM pratipAdita svarga-naraka, bhUgola-khagola viSayaka sabhI vivaraNa indriyajJAnagamya na hone se AsthA-vizvAsa aura zraddhA ke viSaya haiM; kyoMki svarga-naraka hamAre pratyakSa nahIM, parokSa haiN| hamAre indriyajJAna se nahIM jAne jA skte| dvIpa-samudra Adi padArtha/sthAna dUravartI evaM atyanta prAcIna haiN| sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra Adi khagolIya piMDa bhI dUrArtha haiM, sabhI kevalIgamya haiN| jainabhUgola dharmadhyAna kA viSaya hai| dhyAnastha zramaNa saMsthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna meM inake svarUpa vistAra Adi ke viSaya meM cintavana kiyA karate haiN| jainAcAryoM ne jainasAhitya meM jainabhUgola kA isI se vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| uparyukta samasta vivecana pramukha rUpa se nimnAMkita granthoM para AdhArita haiMsandarbha-grantha 1. tiloya-paNNattI-(A. zrI yativRSabha), dvitIya saMskaraNa, vi. saM. 2050 prakAzaka-zrI bhAratavarSIya di. jaina mahAsabhA, lakhanaU 2. trilokasAra-(A. zrI nemicandra si. ca.), prathama saMskaraNa, vI. ni 2501 prakAzaka-zrI zAntivIra di. jaina saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI 3. mUlAcAra-(A. zrI vaTTakera) pA~cavA~ saMskaraNa, san 2004, prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI, 110003 4. jaMbadIva paNNatti-saMgaho-(zrI padmanandi) dvitIya AvRtti, san 2004 prakAzaka zrI jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura-7 5. lokavibhAga-(zrI siMha sUrarSi), dvitIya AvRtti, san 2001, prakAzaka-zrI jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura 6. harivaMza purANa-(zrImajjinasenAcArya), chaThA saMskaraNa, san-2000, prakAzaka bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI-110003 552 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #562
7. AdipurANa-(prathama bhAga) (A. zrI jinasena) , chaThA saMskaraNa, 1998, prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI-110003 8. kArtikeyAnuprekSA-(zrI svAmikumAra) dvitIya AvRtti, vI. ni. 2504, prakAzaka zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa 9. sarvArthasiddhi-(A. zrI pUjyapAda), 15vA~ saMskaraNa, san 2009, prakAzaka bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI-110003 10. tattvArtharAjavArtika-(A. zrI akalaMka deva), AThavA~ saMskaraNa, san 2008, prakAzaka- bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI-110003 11. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhA. 3-(kSa. zrI jinendravarNI), 5vA~ saMskaraNa-1997, / prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI-110003 12. jaina tattvavidyA-(munizrI pramANasAgara jI), 10vA~ saMskaraNa-2008, prakAzaka bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nayI dillI-110003 13. trilokabhAskara-(AryikA zrI jJAnamatI mAtA jI), dvi. saMskaraNa-1999, prakAzaka-zrI di. jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna, hastinApura 14. caracAzataka-(kavivara zrI dyAnatarAya), dvitIya AvRtti, apraila-1997, prakAzaka zrImatI gItAdevI vIracaMda mittala, 48 jUnApIThA, indaura 15. tattvArthasUtra nikaSa-sarvodaya vidvatsaMgoSThI, satanA-sita. 2004, prakAzaka-sakala di. jaina samAja, satanA (ma.pra.) 16. tIrthaMkara-mAsika jainabhUgola vizeSAMka, agasta-1992, sampAdaka-DaoN. nemicanda jaina, indaura sandarbha-saMketa 1. lokAlokavibhakte-yugaparivRttezcaturgatInAM c| ____ Adarzamiva tathAmatiravaiti karaNAnuyogaM ca / / 44 / / -- ratnakaraNDazrA. 2. 'loko jane'pi bhuvane syAdavAttu vilokane' -vizvalocana kosh| 3. 'dharmAdharmAdIni dravyANi yatra lokyante, saH lokaH' -sarvArthasiddhiH --dIsaMti jattha atthA jIvAdIyA sa bhavyade loo 1121 / / - kArtikeyAnuprekSA -dhammAdhammAgAsA gadirAgAdi jIva poggalANaM c| jAvattAvallogo AyAsamado paramaNaMtaM / / / / -trilokasAra -lokyante'sminnirIkSyante jIvAdyAH saparyayAH / iti lokasya lokatvaM nirAhustattvadarzinaH / / 4/13 / / --AdipurANa kSiyanti nivasantyasmin jIvAdi drvyviststraaH| iti kSetraM nirAhustaM lokmnvrthsNjnyyaa|4/14|| -AdipurANa 4. savvAgAsamaNaMtaM tassa ya bahubhAgamhibhajjha-disa - bhagAmiha / bhUgola :: 553 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #563
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org logo saMkhapadeso jagaseDhi - ghaNappamANo hu / 3 / / logo akidimo khalu aNAzaNihiNo sahAbaNivvatto / jIvAjIvehiM phuDo savvAgAsavayavo Nicco / / 4 / / - trilokasAra -tiloyapaNNattI- paThamo mahAdhikAra, gAthA - 91-92 - savvAyAsamaNaMtaM tassa ya bahumajjha-saMThio loo| so keNa vi Neva kao Naya dhario hari-harAdIhiM / 1115 / / -kArtikeyA. - harivaMza purANa - 4 / 1-5 - AdipurANa - 4 / 39-42 - acala anAdi ananta akRta anamiTa akhaMDa saba / amala ajIba arUpa paMca nahiM ika aloka nabha / / nirAkAra avikAra ananta pradesa virAjai / suddha suguna avagAha dasauM disa anta na pAjai / / yA madhya loka nabha tIna vidha akRta amiTa anaIsarau / avicala anAdi anaaMta saba bhAkhyau zrI AdIsvarau / 16 || Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir - kina hU na karau na dharai ko, SaTa dravyamayI na harai ko / so lokamAMhiM bina samatA, duHkha sahe jIva nita bhramatA / / - chahaDhAlA, daulatarAma - loka aloka AkAza mA~hiM thira nirAdhAra jAno / 5. heTThima loyAAro vettAsaNa-saNNiho sahAveNa / puruSa rUpa kara kaTI dhare SaTa dravyana soM mAno / / - maMgatarAyakRta isakA koI na karatA haratA amiTa anAdi hai / - (lokabhAvanA) -caracAzataka majjhima loyAAro ubbhiya - mura- addha- sAriccho / 1137 / / uvarima loyAAro ubbhiya - mukheNa hoI sarisatto / saMThANo edANaM lAyANaM ehiM sAhemi / / 138 - ti.pa./ paDhama adhi. / - pUraba-pacchima sAtanarka taleM rAjU sAta AgeM ghaTA madhyaloka rAjU eka rahA hai| U~ bar3ha gayA brahmaloka rAja pA~ca bhayA AgeM ghaTA anta eka rAjU se dahA hai / / dacchina- u - uttara Adi madhye anta rAjU sAta U~cA caudaha rAjU SaTa- dravya bharA lahA hai / asaMkhyAta paradesa mUratIka kiyau bhesa karai dharai harai kauna svayaMsiddha kahA hai / / 7 / / - adholokavetrAsana madhyaloka thAlI bhana Uradha mRdaMga gani aiso hI visekhie / kara kaTi dhAri pAUM kauM pasAri narAkAra 554 :: jainadharma paricaya - ubbhiya dalekkamurabaddhaya saMcaya -saNNiho have logo / addhadayo murabasabho coddasa - rajjUdao savvo / 16 / / - trilokasAra -- ti. pa. 1/149-143, - kArtikeyAnuprekSA 118-120 - harivaMza pu. 4/6-11 - caudaha rAjU utaMga nabha loka puruSa saMThANa | tAmeM jIva anAditaiM bharamata haiM bina jJAna / / - lokabhAvanA (12 bhAvanA) For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #564
Der3ha muraja AkAra avinAsI pekhie|| ghara mAMhi chIko jaise, loka hai aloka bIci chIMke kauM AdhAra, yaha nirAdhAra lekhie|| -caracAzataka-8 6. -rAjU, asaMkhyAta yojanoM vAlI kSetra mApane kI sabase bar3I ikAI hai| 7. edeNa payAreNaM nnippnntti-loy-khett-diihttN| ___ vAsa udayaM bhaNAmo NissaMdaM ditttti-vaadaado||1/148 / / -tiloya pnnnnttii| 8. -loya bahumajjha dese rukhe sArava rajjupadara judaa| coddasa-rajjuttaMgA tasaNAlI hodi gunnnnaamaa||143 / / -trilokasAra --eiMdiehiM bharido paMca-payArehiM savvado loo| tasa-NADIe vi tasA, Na bahirA hoMti savvattha / / 122 / / -kaartikeyaanuprekssaa| -Ukhala meM cheka vaMsanAla loka trasanAlI, U~cai caude caurI eka rAjU, trasa bharI hai| yAmaiM trasa bAhira thAvara Au bA~dhI kahU~, marana sauM agAU gayau, trasacAla karI hai|| bAhira thAvara koutrAsa ADa bA~dhI hou, maranasamai kAramAna trasarIti dharI hai| kevala samudghAta trasarUpa tahAjAta, tInau bhAMti uhAM trasa, jinavAnI khirI hai|| -caracAzataka-10 9. loya-bahamajjha dese. tarummi sAraM va rjjprjuudaa| terasa rajjucchehA kiMcUNA hodi tsnnaalii||2/6|| -ti. pa. 10. sayalo esaya loo NippaNNo setthi-viNd-maannenn| tiviyappo NAdavvo hetttthim-mjjhill-udddd-bheenn||1/136 / / -ti.pa. ---merussa hiTTha-bhAe satta vi rajjU havei ah-loo| uDDhammi uDDhaloo, merusamo majjhamo loo / / 120. kArtikeyAnu. -AdipurANa-caturthaparva-39-40 11. gomutta-mugga-vaNNA ghaNodadhI taha ghANANilo vaauu| taNuvAdo bahu-vaNNo rukkhassa tayaM va valaya-tiyaM / / 1/271 / / -ti. pa. paDhamo loyAdhAro ghaNovahI iha ghaNANilo ttto| tapparado taNuvAdo, aMtammi NahaM NiAdhAraM / /272 / / --ti.pa. -gomutta-mugga-NANA-vaNNANa ghaNaMbu-ghaNa-taNUNa hve| vAdANaM valayatayaM rukkhassa tayaM va logss||123 / / -trilokasAra -harivaMzapurANa-4/33-34, AdipurANa-4/43-44 -tInauM loka tInauM vAtavalai ber3he saba ora, vRcchachAla, aMDajAla tana-vAma dekhie|4|| - caracAzataka 12. ti. paNNattI-1/274-276-trilokasAra-124-126-harivaMza purANa-4/34-41 ghanAmbuvAtAkAzapratiSThAH saptAdho'dhaH / / 3/1 / / tattvArthasUtra -caracAzataka-'talai vAtavalai mauTe...eka bhAga maiM nihArane / 15 / / 13. ratna-zarkarA-bAlukA-paMka-dhUma-tamo-mahAtama:prabhA bhUmayo... / / 3/1 / / ta. sUtra -trilokasAra-144-145-harivaMza purANa-4/43-46 14. tri. sAra-146, 149-ti. paNNattI-2/9, 22-harivaMza pu. 4/47-48, 57-58 15. ta. sUtra-3/2, tri. sAra-151-ti. pa.-1/27-harivaMzapurANa-4/73-74 bhUgola :: 555 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #565
16. ti. paNNattI-2/11-15, 20 17. ti. pa. 219-trilokasAra-146-148 18. tri.sAra-179-182 19. tri. sAra-153 20. ti. pa. 2/36-39,71-72, 94 21. trilokasAra-184-194, 197-ti. pa.-2/29-35, 309-harivaMzapurANa-4/355-368 tattvArthasUtra-3/3, 4, 5 sUtra 22. "nArakA nityaashubhtrleshyaa-prinnaam-deh-vednaa-vikriyaaH"||3/3 / / tattvArthasUtra 23. tri. sAra-198-200-ti. pa. 2/203-216-ta. sUtra-4/34, 35, 36 sUtra -harivaMza purANa-4/249-294-kArtikeyAnuprekSA-gAthA-165 24. ti.pa. 2/217-tri.sA.-201-hari. purANa-4/295-339-kArtike.-168 25. ti.pa. 2/272-tri.sAra-202-harivaMzapurANa-4/340 26. 'bahvArambhaparigrahatvaM nArakasyAyuSaH' 6/14 ta.sU./ti.pa. 2/294-302/harivaMza pu.-4/372 27. ti.pa.-2/285-287-harivaMza pu. 4/375-377-tri.sAra-205 28. ti.pa. 2/290-293-tri.sAra-203-204 harivaMza pu. 4/378-382 29. rayaNAdi NArayANaM NiyasaMkhAdo asNkhbhaagmidaa| paDisamayaM jAyaMte tattiyamettA ya maraMti puDhaM / 12/289 / / ti. paNNattI 30. ti. pa. 2/288-tri. sAra-206-harivaMza pu. 4/371 31. ti.pa. 2/362-364 32. lo. vi. 1/3-harivaMza pu. 5/9 33. ttraivaasmin-nsNkhey-saagr-dviip-vessttitH| jambUdvIpaH sthito vRtto jmbuupaadplkssitH||5|2|| hari.pu. tattvArthasUtra 3/7, 8 sUtra 34. tasaNAlI bahumajjhe cittAa khidIa uvarime bhaage| aivaho maNuvajago joynn-pnndaal-lkkh-vikkhNbho||4/6|| ti. pa. 35. tanmadhye merunAbhitto yojana-zata-sahasra-viSkaMbho jambUdvIpaH ||t. sUtra 3/9 mANusa-jaga-bahumajjhe vikkhAdo hodi jaMbudIo tti| ekajjoyaNa-lakkhaM vikkhaMbhajudo sarisa-baTTo ||4/11||-ti.p. -harivaMzapu.-5/3-lokavibhAga-1/7 36. ta. sUtra-3/10-ti. pa. 4/92-93-trilokasAra-564-harivaMza pu. 5/13-14 37. himavaM mahAdihimavaM Nisaho NIlo ya rummi siharI y| mulovari samavAsA maNiyAsA jalaNihiM ptttthaa||565 / / tri.sAra -ti. pa. 4/96, 102-ta. sUtra-3/11-harivaMza pu. 5/15-16 38. tri.sAra-566, ti.pa. 4/97-ta. sUtra-3/12, 13 sUtra 39. tri.sAra-567-ta. sUtra-3/14, 16 sUtra-harivaMza pu. 5/120-121 40. ta. sUtra-3/17, 18, 19-tri. sAra-572-harivaMza pu. 5/129-130 41. tri. sAra-578-579-ta. sUtra 3/20, 21, 22-harivaMza pu. 5/133-135 42. ti. pa. 4/103-tri.sAra-604 harivaMza pu. 5/17-18 ta. sUtra-3/24, 32 43. ti. pa. 4/109-110 harivaMza pu. 5/20-21 556 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #566
44. ti. paNNattI-4/269-271 45. tri.sAra-582-597 ti.pa. 4/213, 247, 255-267-harivaMza pu. 8/136-151 46. ti. pa. 4/271-274 47. harivaMza pu. 5/51-55 48. tri. sAra-882 49. harivaMza pu. 5/70-73 50. tri. sA. 882 51. harivaMza pu. 5/87-90 52. tri.sA. 606-harivaMza pu. 5/283-285 53. tri.sA.-607-harivaMza pu. 5/288, 290, 295 54. tri. sAra-608 55. tri. sAra.-611 56. tri.sA. 637-haraviMza pu. 5/302 57. tri.sAra-633-634-harivaMza pu. 5/347-350, 353 58. harivaMza pa. 5/167 59. tri. sAra-663-664-harivaMza pu. 5/211-213 60. tri.sA. 882 61. ti.pa. 4/2100-2101, 2148-49-tri.sAra-654-655 62. ti. pa. 4/2114-2116--tri.sAra-656-harivaMza pu. 5/194-197 63. ti. pa. 4/2119-2124-tri. sAra-659-harivaMza pu. 5/200-201 64. ti.pa. 4/2128-2130 tri. sAra-661 65. ti.pa. 4/2219-2221-tri. sAra-639-650-harivaMza pu. 5/172, 177, 186-lo. vi. 1/126, 130-132, 141 66. ti. pa. 4/2171-72, 2178-83, 2207-tri. sAra-651, harivaMza pu0 187-189-loka vibhAga-1/142-144 67. tri. sAra-665-669-harivaMza pu. 5/244-252-loka vibhAga 1/192-197 68. -lokavi. 1/206-208 69. tri.sAra-679-680 70. harivaMza pu. 5/99-101 71. tri.sAra-882 72. harivaMza pu. 5/102-104 73. harivaMza pu. 5/105-108 74. tri. sAra-882 75. ti. pa. 4/2428-2431-lokavi. 2/2-3-harivaMza pu.-5/430, 434 76. tri. sAra-896-897-lo.vi. 2/10-12, 16-17 -ti. pa.-4/2438____2439-harivaMza pu. 5/442-444, 451, 455-456, 458 77. ti. pa. 4/2456-2459-lokavi.-2/13,16-17, tri. sAra-898, harivaMza pu. 5/448, 452 78. tri.sAra-899-900-ti.pa. 4/2460-265,-harivaMza pu. 5/448-449 79. ti. pa. -4/2518-2529-tri.sAra-913-914-lo.vi. 2/33-40 bhUgola :: 557 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #567
80. tri.sAra-909-912-ti.pa. 4/2498-2515-lo.vi. 2/31-32-harivaMza pu. 5/469 470 81. tri.sAra TIkA gAthA-901 82. tri.sAra-925-927-loka vi. 3/1-5, 20-21 82. ti. pa. 4/2567-2618-harivaMza pu. 5/489-513-'dvirdhAtakI khaMDe' 3/33 ta. sUtra 83. ti.pa. 4/2762-2780 lokavi. 3/41-43 harivaMza pu. 5/562, 567-575 84. ti.pa. 4/2788-lo. vi. 3/54-55-harivaMza pu. 5/562-575 tattvArthasUtra 3/34 85. tri. sAra 937-942-loka vi. 3/66-67 harivaMza pu. 5/591-595 -ti. paNNattI-4/2792-96, 2809-2814, 2920-2926 86. "ttraardhtRtiiydviipsmudraumnussykssetrm||10| zAstrasArasamuccaya 87-88. lokavi.-4/1-2 89. tri. sAra 965-harivaMza pu. 5/646-lokavi.-4/31 90. tri. sAra-319 91. harivaMzapu. 5/628-629-lokavi. 4/13-14 92. tri. sAra-320-harivaMza pu. 5/632-lo.vi. 4/15 93. tri. sAra.323-harivaMza pu. 5/7, 30-732 94. tri. sAra-324-harivaMza pu. 5/730-733 95-97. tri. sAra-325-331 98. lo. vi. 1/17-20, 30, 41-45 99. tri. sA. 943-946 lo. vi. 4/60-65 harivaMza pu. 5/686-697 100. tri. sA. 947-960-harivaMza pu. 5/628-629 loka vi. 4/68-87 101. tri. sA. 966-977, 984-985-harivaMza pu. 5/647-682 lo. vi. 4/32-54 102. harivaMza pu. 5/683-685 103. tri. sA.-779-781-harivaMza pu. 5/56-63 ta. sUtra 3/27-28 sarvArtha si. vRtti. 418-420 104. tri. sAra-882 105. ta. sU. 3/31 sarvArtha si. vRtti 426 106. tri. sA. 883 107. tri. sA.-786-791-ti.pa. 4/324-427-loka vi. 5/5-34 harivaMza pu. 7/64-110 'triMzat bhogbhuumyH'|12|| zAstrasAra samuccayaH 108. ta. sU. 3/37, savArtha si. vR.-437, tri. sA. 882-883, lo. vi. 5/138-144, zA.sA. samu/11 109. tri. sA.-913-924, loka vi. 3/52-53 jaMbUdIva pa. 10/47-86 110. jaMbUdIva pa. 11/186-192 harivaMza pu. 7/115 111. tri. sAra-324, 884 112. ti.pa. 1/138 jaMbUdIva pa. 11/106, loka.vi. 1/6 113. sarvArtha si.-443, zA.sA.sa./29, ta. sUtra/4/1 114. dazASTa-paMca-dvAdaza vikalpAH kalpopapannaparyantAH 14/3 || ta. sUtra 115. sarvArtha si. vR. 449, ta. rA. vA. 4/4, 1-10 116. bhavaneSu basanazIlA: bhavanavAsinaH ta.rA.vA./4/10/1/216 117. ta.sU. 4/10 558 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #568
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 118. kumAravizeSakriyAdiyogAt kumArAH -ta.rA.vA. 4/10/7/16, savArtha si. vRtti-461 119. vyantarAH kinnara-kiMpuruSa-mahoraga-gaMdharva-yakSa-rAkSasa-bhUtapizAcA: 4/11 ta. sU., zA.sA.sa. 31 120. tri.sA. 252-254 lokavi. 9/47-54 121. savArtha si. vR. 463 122. ta. sU. 4/12 zA. sA. sa.-32 123-124. tri. sA. 332-334-savArtha si. vR. 465 125. tri. sAra-336 126. sarvArtha si. vR. 467 127. sarvArtha si. vR. 469,-tri.sA. 387-388 128. tri. sA. 450 129. ti. pa. 3/252-253 130. ta. rA. vA. 4/16/1 131. ta. rA. vA. 4/18/1 132. tri. sA. 557-558-harivaMza pu. 6/126-129 133. harivaMza pu. 6/89-90 134. jainatattvavidyA-pR. 110 135. ta. rA. vA. 4/19/8 136. ti. pa. 3/211-212 130. tri. sA. 550-553-'devo AhAro asthi Natthi nIhAro/nikkuciyA hoMti-'bodhapAhuDaTIkA "deva...patteyasarIro vuccaMti, edesiM NigodajIvehiM saha saMbaMdhAbhAvo' dhavalA/14/5-6-91/ 21/8 137. ta. sU. 4/8-ta. rA. vA. 4/8/5 138. ta. sU. 4/9-ta. rA. vA. 4/9/1-2, mUlAcAra/1139-1144 139. ta. sU. 4/36 140. 4/41 ta. sUtra 141. ta. sU. 4/24-ta. rA. vA. -4/24/1-2 142. tri, sAra-545-547, mUlAcAra-1171-1178 ta. sUtra-6/19, 20, 21 bhUgola :: 559 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #569
jainoM kA bhASA-cintana vRSabha prasAda jaina jaina paramparA meM bhASA kI dArzanika dRSTi bhI apanI eka alaga pahacAna rakhatI hai aura prayoga kI vizleSaNa dRSTi bhii| sabhI vaidika darzana bhASA ke dArzanika dRSTi para to bhinna-bhinna vicAra hI rakhate haiM, para saba kI bhASA ke prayoga ko vizleSaNa karane kI dRSTi lagabhaga eka hai| jainoM kI bhASA-dRSTi kA camatkAra yaha hai ki unakI bhASA-dRSTi jahA~ bhASA ke dArzanika pakSa ko bhinna prakAra se dekhatI hai, vahIM bhASA ke prayoga pakSa ko bhii| bhASA ke prayoga-pakSa ko lekara carcA prAkRta-saMskRta Adi ke vyAkaraNa-grathoM meM tathA dArzanika pakSa kI carcA jaina paramparA ke darzana sambandhI granthoM meM milatI hai| sampUrNa bhAratIya paramparA meM bhASA ke bAre meM do taraha se vicAra milate haiM- 1.bhASA ke jo SAstra haiM, ve bhASA ke bAre meM kisa rUpa meM vicAra karate haiM? 2. hamArI hI paramparA meM bhASetara viSayoM ke jo zAstra haiM, ve bhASA ke bAre meM kisa rUpa meM vicAra karate haiM? yadyapi pahale bindu para hamane jaina vyAkaraNa vAle Alekha meM kucha saMkSipta carcA hama kara cuke haiM, phira bhI ina donoM binduoM para isa Alekha meM vicAra karane kI koziza hai, kyoMki hamArI paramparA meM donoM taraha se bhASA para bar3I sUkSmatA se vicAra huA hai| balki mujhe to lagatA hai ki sampUrNa bhAratIya cintana bhASA-mUlaka rahA hai, isIlie to hamArI paramparA meM ukti milatI hai ki "sarva khalu bhASayA prtibhaaste"| bhAva yaha hai ki saMsAra meM jo kucha dikhatA hai, vaha bhASA se hI dikhatA hai| bhASA se hI saMsAra kI pahacAna hai va hotI hai| bhASA na ho, to saMsAra kI pahacAna na ho; isIlie to yaha kahane meM koI atiraMjanA na hogI ki bhASA na ho, to saMsAra na ho, kyoMki bhASA hI saMsAra kI vastuoM ko pahacAna detI hai| isIlie to vaiyAkaraNoM ke bhagavAn bhartRhari ne saMsAra kI prakriyA kA prArambha zabda-tattva se mAnA hai aura ve vAkyapadIya meM kahate haiM ki anAdinidhanaM brahma zabdatattvaM ydkssrm| vivartate'rthabhAvena prakriyA jagato ytH|| bhAva yaha hai ki Adi aura antarahita jo akSara (avinAzI) zabda-tattva hai, asala 560 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #570
meM vahI brahma hai, vahI artha rUpa se bhAsita hotA hai aura usI se jagat kI prakriyA (sRSTi) calatI hai| zabda/bhASA ke dArzanika pakSa para vicAra karane se pahale yaha Avazyaka hai ki hama jaina dArzanikoM dvArA dI gaI zabda kI paribhASAoM para kucha vicAra kreN| isa dRSTi se hama sabase pahale sarvArthasiddhi kI zabda kI paribhASA ko lete haiM- "zabdata iti zabdaH, zabdanaM zabdaH" arthAt jo zabda rUpa hotA hai, vaha zabda hai, zabdana zabda hai| sarvArthasiddhi kI isa zabda kI paribhASA se do bAteM khAsakara sAmane AtI haiM- pahalI yaha ki zabda rUpI hai arthAt rUpavAlA hotA hai aura dUsarI yaha ki zabda meM dhvani rUpa kriyA avazya hotI hai| isake bAda hama jaina dArzanikoM meM rAjavArtikakAra dvArA kI gaI zabda kI paribhASA ko lete haiM- "zapatyarthamAhvayati pratyAyayati, zapyate yena zapanamAtraM vA zabdaH" arthAt jo artha kA AhvAna karatA hai, artha ko kahatA hai, yA jisake dvArA artha ko kahA jAtA hai athavA zapana mAtra zabda hai| rAjavArtika kI zabda kI yaha paribhASA arthaparaka hai, arthAt zabda ke uddezya sampreSya ko mUla meM rakhakara kI gayI hai| isa paribhASA se tIna bAteM ubharakara AtI haiM- zabda kA uddezya artha ko / abhiprAya ko sampreSita karanA hai, dUsarI ki sampreSaNa rUpa kriyA meM zabda karma-sAdhana ke rUpa meM hai, tIsarI ki zabda apanI paryAya meM kriyAdharma vAlA jainadarzana sambandhI granthoM meM zabda ke paryAya ke rUpa meM 'nAma' pAribhASika kA prayoga aura milatA hai| jisake dvArA artha ko jAnA jAe athavA artha ko abhimukha kareM, vaha nAma kahalAtA hai| dhavalA meM isa nAma ko hI paribhASita karate hue likhA gayA hai- jisa nAma kI vAcaka rUpa se pravRtti meM jo artha avalambana hotA hai, vaha nAma-nibandhana hai, kyoMki usake binA nAma kI pravRtti sambhava nhiiN| jainadarzana kahatA hai ki zabda pudgala kI paryAya hai, isIlie jainadarzana meM zabda ko pudgala-janya aura dravya rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA gayA hai| pro. dAsa gupta ke anusAra jainadarzana meM pudgala eka bhautika padArtha hai aura yaha parimANa-vizeSa se yukta mAnA gayA hai aura isa pudgala kI utpatti paramANuoM se hotI hai| ye paramANu jainadarzana meM parimANa-rahita evaM nitya mAne gaye haiN| navIM zatI ke jainAcArya prabhAcandra ne zabda ko pudgala kA kArya mAnate hue unheM pudgaloM meM usI prakAra Azrita mAnA, jaise koI bhI kAryadravya apane kAraNa dravya meM Azrita rahatA hai| guNa kI dRSTi se jainadarzana zabda ko sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka mAnatA hai| sabhI zabdoM meM anugata rahane vAlA usakA rUpa zabdatva sAmAnyAtmaka hai| zaMkha zabda, ghaMTA zabda, udAtta, anudAtta, svarita Adi usake vizeSAtmaka rUpa haiN| zabda kI yaha sAmAnyavizeSAtmakatA jainadarzana ke anusAra usakI paudgalikatA kA pramANa hai| paudgalika hone jainoM kA bhASA-cintana :: 561 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #571
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kA artha hai zabda dravya hai, paramANu-janya hai| paMcAstikAya meM ullekha hai ki zabda skandha-janya hai| skandha paramANu-dala kA saMghAta hotA hai aura ina skandhoM ke Apasa meM TakarAne se / sparzita hone se zabda utpanna hotA hai, isaprakAra yaha zabda niyata rUpa se utpanna hone vAlA, utpAdya hai arthAt pudgala kI paryAya hai| zabda kI yaha utpatti pudgala - skaMdhoM ke Apasa meM TakarAne se / sparzita hone/saMghAta aura bheda se hotI hai| AcArya prabhAcandra ne zabdoM ko pudgala kA kArya mAnate hue unheM pudgaloM meM usIprakAra mAnA hai, jaise ki koI bhI kArya dravya kAraNa-dravya meM Azrita rahatA hai| jainadarzana meM pudgalAstikAya Adi ke mUlabhUta paramANu nitya mAne gae haiN| vaizeSika meM pRthivI, jala, teja, aura vAyu ke paramANuoM meM jAtibheda mAnA gayA hai, parantu jAti kI dRSTi se sabhI paramANu eka jaise haiN| sabhI meM rUpa, rasa, gandha, aura sparza dharma pAe jAte haiN| una eka-vidha paramANuoM se utpanna padArthoM meM bheda kA kAraNa ghana-prutara honA hai| zabda bhI inhIM eka-vidha paramANuoM ke saMyoga-vizeSa kA phala hai| zabda ke dravyatva kI carcA karate hue AcArya prabhAcandra apane prameyakamalamArtaNDa meM kahate haiM ki tIvra - zabda ke sunane se kAna kA pardA vidIrNa hotA huA dekhA jAtA hai, isase zabda kI sparza-guNa-dharmatA siddha hotI hai / vidAraNa kA kAraNa abhighAta hai aura kisI sparzavAn dravya se hI sambhava hai, asparzI se nhiiN| isIprakAra zabda meM alpatva, dIrghatva evaM mahattva parimANa dekhane meM AtA hai| yathA- 'alpo zabdaH ' 'mahAna zabdaH ' 'eka zabdaH' 'dvau zabdaH' Adi prayogoM meM zabda meM saMkhyA guNa upalabdha hotA hai| pratikUla dizA se Ane vAlI vAyu dvArA zabda kA abhighAta dekhA jAtA hai, isase zabda meM saMyoga guNa kI upalabdhi pramANita hotI hai, ataH ina guNoM kA Azraya hone se zabda dravya - rUpa hai| guNAzraya hone ke atirikta kriyAzrita hone se bhI zabda dravyAtmaka hai| vaizeSika zabda ko guNa mAnane ke kAraNa usameM kriyA ko svIkAra nahIM krte| ataH dUrastha zabda ke grahaNArtha unheM vIci-taraMga nyAya se athavA kadamba - mukula nyAya se zabda se zabdatara kI utpatti mAnanI par3atI hai| jabaki vAstavikatA isase kahIM bhinna hai| zabda kI yaha utpatti pudgala skandhoM ke saMghAta aura bheda se hotI hai| AcArya prabhAcanda ne zabdoM ko pudgala kA kArya mAnate hue unheM pudgaloM meM usI prakAra zra mAnA hai, jaise ki koI bhI kArya dravya kAraNa - dravya meM Azrita rahatA hai| - jaina dArzanikoM ke anusAra pudgala dravya kA sAmAnya lakSaNa hai- rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza se yukta honA / pudgala ke do bheda haiM-- 1. paramANu 2. skandha 562 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #572
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir paMcAstikAya meM paramANuoM ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai-- saba skandhoM kA jo antima khaNDa hai arthAt jisakA dUsarA khaNDa nahIM ho sakatA, use paramANu jAno / vaha paramANu nitya hai, zabda-rUpa nahIM hai, eka pradezI hai, avibhAgI hai aura mUrtika hai"Adhunika vijJAna ne paramANu ke bhI jo proTona, nyUTrona Adi khaNDa kie haiM, usase bhI jainadarzana kI mAnyatA para koI AghAta nahIM hotA, kyoMki jainadarzana ke anusAra vaha paramANu hai, jo akhaNDya ho arthAt yadi nyUTrona se bhI koI choTA khaNDa ho jAe, to hama nyUTrona ko akhaNDya nahIM kaha pAe~ge, hA~, yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vartamAna jJAna ke anusAra proTona akhaNDya hai, para vastutaH vaha hai to nhiiN"| jisameM eka rasa, eka rUpa, eka gandha aura do sparza guNa hote haiM, jo zabda kI utpatti meM kAraNa to haiM, parantu svayaM zabda-rUpa nahIM hai, skandha se pRthak hai, use paramANu jAno / yadyapi nitya hai, tathApi skandhoM ke TUTane se isakI utpatti hotI hai arthAt aneka paramANuoM kA samUha - rUpa skandha jaba vighaTita hotA hai, taba vighaTita hote-hote usakA anta paramANu rUpoM meM hotA hai, isa dRSTi se paramANuoM kI bhI utpatti mAnI gayI hai, parantu dravya- rUpa se to paramANu nitya hI hai| yaha skandhoM kA kAraNa bhI hai aura skandhoM ke bheda se utpanna hone ke kAraNa kArya bhI / aneka paramANuoM ke bandha se jo dhUpa meM jo kaNa ur3ate hue dikhAI dete haiM, ve bhI skandha hI haiN| pudgala kI paramANu- avasthA svAbhAvika paryAya hai aura skandha-avasthA vibhAva paryAya / pro. esa. ena. dAsa gupta ke anusAra jainadarzana meM pudgala eka bhautika padArtha hai aura use parimANa - vizeSa se yukta mAnA gayA hai| isa pudgala kI utpatti paramANuoM se batAI gayI hai| ye paramANu jainadarzana meM parimANa rahita evaM nitya mAne gaye haiN| I jainadarzana meM zabda ko utpAdya mAnane ke kAraNa jo anya darzanoM meM isakI nityatA svIkArI gaI hai, vaha bhI khaNDita ho jAtI hai| mukhya rUpa se yaha AkAza kA guNa na hokara pudgala - dravya kA hI vikAra hai, kevala eka paramANu yA kevala eka skandha zabda ko utpanna nahIM kara sktaa| isase siddha hotA hai ki kevala eka paramANu zabda-rUpa nahIM hotA hai| jainoM kA kahanA hai ki jaise vaizeSika svIkArate haiM ki zabda AkAza kA guNa hotA hai- ko sahI mAna liyA jAe, to mUrtika karNendriya ke dvArA zabda kA grahaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki amUrtika AkAza kA guNa bhI amUrtika hI hogA aura amUrtika ko mUrtika indriya jAna nahIM sktii| Aja ke vaijJAnika bhI isa bAta ko siddha karate haiM ki zabda vaikuama rikta sthAna meM saMcarita nahIM hotA, yadi zabda AkAza ke dvArA utpAdya hotA yA AkAza kA guNa hotA, to vaha vaikuama-zUnya arthAt rikta sthAna meM bhI sunA jAtA, kyoMki AkAza to sarvatra vidyamAna hai| vaijJAnikoM kI dRSTi meM yaha sAmAnya anubhava hai ki zabda kA mUla saMgharSaNa meM hai / udAharaNArtha- svara - utpAdana ke samaya meM svaritra ke kA~Te, ghaMTI, piAno kI tantriyA~ aura vA~surI kI vAyu zabda Adi sabhI kampAyamAna sthiti meM hote haiN| zabda jainoM kA bhASA - cintana : 563 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #573
TakarAtA bhI hai, kyoMki kue meM AvAja karane se pratidhvani sunAI par3atI hai| Aja ke vijJAna ne apane reDiyo, TI.vI. aura grAmophona Adi yantroM se zabda ko pakar3akara aura apane abhIpsita sthAna meM bhejakara usakI paudgalikatA prayoga se siddha kara dI hai| yaha zabda pudgala ke dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, pudgala se hI dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, pudgaloM se rukatA hai, pudgaloM ko rokatA hai, pudgala kAna Adi ke pardo ko phADatA hai, paudagalika vAtAvaraNa meM anukampana paidA karatA hai, ataH zabda paudgalika hai| skandhoM ke paraspara saMyoga, saMgharSaNa aura vibhAga se zabda utpanna hotA hai, jihvA aura tAlu Adi ke saMyoga se nAnAprakAra ke bhASAtmaka prAyogika zabda utpanna hote haiN| isake utpAdaka utpAdana kAraNa aura sthUla nimitta kAraNa donoM hI paudgalika haiN| isa prakAra vijJAna bhI zabda ko AkAza kA guNa nahIM maantaa| ataH zabda mUrtika aura utpAdya hai| ___ zabda ko dravya mAnane ke hetuoM ko spaSTa karate hue AcArya prabhAcandra kahate haiM ki cU~ki tIvra zabda ke zravaNa se kAna ke parde kA phaTanA dekhA jAtA hai| isase zabda kA eka sparza guNa vAlA dravya honA siddha hotA hai| vidAraNa kA kAraNa abhighAta hai aura vaha kisI sparzavAn dravya kA hI ho sakatA hai| zabda sahacarita vAyu ke abhighAta se vAdhirya kI utpatti unheM nahIM jNctii| isI prakAra zabda meM alpatva, mahattva parimANa bhI dekhane meM AtA hai| yathA 'alpozabdaH', 'mahAn zabdaH' tathA 'ekaH zabdaH', 'dvau zabdau' Adi prayogoM meM zabda meM saMkhyA-guNa upalabdha hotA hai| pratikUla dizA se Ane vAlI vAyu dvArA zabda kA abhighAta dekhane meM AtA hai| isase zabda meM vAyu-saMyoga guNa kI upalabdhi pramANita hotI hai| ataH ina guNoM kA Azraya hone se zabda dravya-rUpa hai| ____ guNAzraya hone ke atirikta kriyAzraya hone se bhI zabda dravyAtmaka hai| vaizeSika zabda ko guNa mAnane ke kAraNa usameM kriyA ko svIkAra nahIM krte| ata: dUrastha zabda ke grahaNArtha unheM vIcI-taraMga nyAya se athavA kadamba-mukula nyAya se zabda ke zabdAntara kI utpatti mAnanI par3atI hai, parantu jainoM ko zabda ko dravya mAnane ke kAraNa usameM kriyA mAnanA sutarAM abhISTa hai| isase jainoM ne naiyAyikoM ke zabdaja-zabda ke siddhAnta ko anAvazyaka kahA hai| jainadarzana meM anya dravyoM ke samAna hI zabda ko bhI sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| sabhI zabdoM meM anugata rahane vAlA usakA rUpa zabdatva sAmAnyAtmaka hai| zaMkha zabda, ghaMTA zabda, pazu zabda, nArI zabda, udAtta, anudAtta, svarita Adi usake vizeSAtmaka rUpa haiN| zabda kI yaha sAmAnya-vizeSAtmakatA jainadarzana ke anusAra usakI paudgalikatA kA hI pramANa hai| zabda kevala zakti nahIM hai, kintu zaktimAna pudgaladravya skandha hai, jo vAyu dvArA 564 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #574
dezAntara ko jAtA huA AsapAsa ke vAtAvaraNa ko jhanakAtA jAtA hai| yantroM se isakI gati bar3hAI jA sakatI hai aura usakI sUkSma lahara ko sudUra deza se pakar3A jA sakatA hai| vaktA ke tAlu Adi ke saMyoga se utpanna huA eka zabda mukha se bAhara nikalate hI cAroM ora ke vAtAvaraNa ko usI zabda rUpa meM kara detA hai| vaha svayaM bhI niyata dizA meM jAtA hai aura jAte-jAte zabda se zabda, zabda se zabda utpanna karatA jAtA hai| zabda ke jAne kA artha paryAya vAle skandha kA jAnA hai aura zabda kI utpatti kA bhI artha AsapAsa ke skandhoM meM zabda-paryAya kA utpanna honA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zabda svayaM dravya kI paryAya hai aura isa paryAya kA AdhAra hai pudgl-skndh| paryAya-rUpa-zabda kevala zakti nahIM hai, kyoMki zakti nirAdhAra nahIM hotI, usakA koI na koI AdhAra avazya hotA hai aura isakA AdhAra hai- pudgl-drvy| isake sAtha hI sAtha jainadarzana kI yaha bhI mAnyatA rahI hai ki sabhI zabda vAstava meM kriyAvAcI hI haiN| jAtivAcaka azvAdi zabda bhI kriyAvAcaka haiM, kyoMki Azu arthAt zIghra gamana karane vAlA azva kahA jAtA hai| guNa vAcaka zukla, nIla Adi zabda bhI kriyAvAcaka hai, kyoMki zuci arthAt pavitra honA rUpa kriyA se zukla tathA nIla ra~gane rUpa kriyA se nIla kahA jAtA hai| devadatta Adi yadRcchA zabda bhI kriyAvAcI hai, kyoMki deva hI jisa puruSa ko deve, aise kriyA rUpa artha ko dhAratA huA devadatta hai| isIprakAra yajJadatta bhI kriyAvAcI hai| daNDI, viSANI Adi saMyogadravyavAcI yA samavAyadravyavAcI zabda bhI kriyAvAcI hI haiM, kyoMki daNDa jisake pAsa varta rahA hai, vaha daNDI aura sIMga jisake varta rahe hai, vaha viSANI kahA jAtA hai| jAti zabdAdi rUpa pA~ca prakAra ke zabdoM kI pravRtti to vyavahAra mAtra se hotI hai| zabda ke zravaNa aura saMcAra sambandhI niyama vaktA bolane ke pUrva bhASA-paramANuoM ko grahaNa karatA hai, bhASA ke rUpa meM unakA pariNamana karatA hai aura anta meM unakA utsarjana karatA hai| utsarjana ke dvArA bAhara nikale hue bhASA-pudgala AkAza meM phailate haiN| vaktA kA prayatna yadi manda hai, to vaha pudgala abhinna rahakara "jala-taraMga" nyAya se asaMkhya yojana taka phailakara zaktihIna ho jAte haiM aura yadi vaktA kA prayatna tIvra hotA hai, to ve bhinna hokara dUsare asaMkhya skandhoM ko grahaNa karate-karate ati-sUkSma kAla meM lokAnta taka cale jAte haiN| jaba do skandhoM ke saMgharSa se koI eka zabda utpanna hotA hai, to vaha Asa-pAsa ke skandhoM ko apanI zakti ke anusAra zabdAyamAna kara detA hai arthAt usake nimitta se una skandhoM meM bhI zabda-paryAya utpanna ho jAtI hai| jaise- jalAzaya meM eka kaMkar3a DAlane para jainoM kA bhASA-cintana :: 565 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #575
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jo prathama lahara utpanna hotI hai, vaha apanI gati/zakti se pAsa ke jala ko kramazaH taraMgita karatI jAtI hai aura yaha vIci -taraMga nyAya kisI na kisI rUpa meM bahuta dUra taka prArambha rahatA hai| zabda pudgala apane utpatti pradeza se uchalakara dazoM dizAoM meM jAte hue utkRSTa rUpa se loka ke anta bhAga taka jAte haiM- saba nahIM jAte haiM, thor3e hI jAte haiN| yathA- zabda paryAya se pariNata hue pradeza meM ananta pudgala avasthita rahate haiM / (usase lage hue) dUsare AkAza pradeza meM usase ananta - guNe - hIna pudgala avasthita rahate haiN| tIsare AkAza pradeza meM usase lage hue ananta - guNe - hIna pudgala avasthita rahate haiN| cauthe AkAza pradeza meM usase ananta - guNe - hIna pudgala avasthita rahate haiN| isa taraha ve anantaropanidha kI apekSA vAta-valaya paryanta saba dizAoM meM uttarottara eka-eka pradeza ke prati anantaguNe--hIna hote hue jAte haiN| ye saba zabda - pudgala eka samaya meM hI loka ke anta taka jAte haiM, aisA koI niyama nahIM hai; kintu aisA upadeza hai ki kitane hI zabda pudgala kama se kama do samaya ra antarmuhUrta kAla ke dvArA loka ke anta ko prApta hote haiN| isa taraha pratyeka samaya meM zabda paryAya se pariNata hue pudgaloM ke gamana aura avasthAna kA kathana karanA cAhie / hama jo zabda sunate haiM, vaha vaktA kA mUla zabda nahIM suna pAte / vaktA kI zabdazreNiyA~ AkAza-pradeza kI paMktiyoM meM phailatI haiN| ye zreNiyA~ vaktA ke pUrva-pazcima, uttara - dakSiNa, U~cI aura nIcI, chahoM dizAoM meM haiN| hama zabda kI sama-zreNI meM hote haiM, to mizra zabda ko sunate haiM arthAt vaktA dvArA uccarita zabda-dravyoM aura unake dvArA vAsita zabda - dravyoM ko sunate haiN| yadi hama vizreNI (vidizA) meM hote haiM, to kevala vAsita zabda hI suna pAte haiN| (prajJApana, pada 11) manuSya bhASAgata sama zreNirUpa zabda ko yadi sunatA hai, to mizra ko hI sunatA hai aura ucchreNi ko prApta hue zabda ko yadi sunatA hai, to niyama se para- ghAta ke dvArA sunatA hai| samazreNi dvArA Ate hue zabda pudgaloM ko para ghAta aura apara ghAta rUpa se sunatA hai / yathA - yadi para- ghAta nahIM hai, to bANa ke samAna Rjumati se karNachidra meM praviSTa hue zabdapudgaloM ko sunatA hai, kyoMki samazreNi se karNachidra meM praviSTa hue zabda - - pudgaloM kA zravaNa upalabdha hotA hai| ucchreNi ko prApta hue zabda punaH zarAghAta ke dvArA hI sune jAte haiM, anyathA unakA sunanA nahIM bana sakatA hai| jainadarzana meM bhASAtmaka zabda aura abhASAtmaka zabda ke bheda se zabda ke prathamataH do bheda kiye gaye haiN| abhASAtmaka zabda punaH prAyogika aura vaisrasika ke bheda se do prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai| abhASAtmaka prAyogika prakAra kA zabda bhI tata, vitata, ghana aura sauSira ke bheda se phira cAra prakAra kA hotA hai| 566 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #576
dhavalA meM zabda ke cha: bheda svIkAre gaye haiM- tata, vitata, ghana, sauSira, ghoSa aura bhaassaa| sarvArthasiddhi ke anusAra meghAdi ke nimitta se jo zabda utpanna hote haiM, ve vaisrasika haiN| camar3e se mar3he hue puSkara, bherI aura darda se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai, vaha tata hai| tAMta vAle vINA aura sughoSa Adi se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai, vaha vitata hai| tAla, ghaNTA aura lAlana Adi ke tAr3a se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai, vaha ghana hai tatha bA~surI aura zaMkha Adi ke phUMkane se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai, vaha sauSira hai| dhavalA meM varNita zabda-bhedoM kI vyAkhyA meM sarvArthasiddhi kI apekSA kucha bhinnatA milatI hai, jaise- vINA ke zabda ko sarvArthasiddhi meM vitata kahA gayA hai, jabaki dhavalA aura paMcAstikAya meM yaha tata mAnA gayA hai| bherI kA zabda sarvArthasiddhi meM tata hai, jabaki dhavalA meM yaha vitata mAnA gayA hai| sarvArthasiddhikAra ne bhASAtmaka zabda ke bhI do bheda kie haiM- 1. sAkSara yA akSarAtmaka, 2. ankssraatmk| sarvArthasiddhi ke anusAra jisase unake sAtizaya jJAna kA patA calatA hai, aise dviindrika Adi jIvoM ke zabda anakSarAtmaka haiN| dhavalA kI anakSarAtmaka zabda kI paribhASA meM kucha antara hai, isake anusAra dvIndriya se lekara asaMjJI paMcendriya paryApta jIvoM ke mukha se utpanna huI bhASA tathA bAlaka aura mUka saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoM kI bhASA bhI anakSarAtmaka bhASA hai| paMcAstikAya meM divyadhvanirUpa zabdoM ko bhI anakSarAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| ___ akSarAtmaka zabda ko paribhASita karate huye sarvArthasiddhikAra kahate haiM ki jisameM zAstra race jAte haiM, jisameM AryoM aura mlecchoM kA vyavahAra calatA hai, aise saMskRta zabda aura isake viparIta zabda, ye saba AkSara-zabda haiN| dhavalAkAra ne upadhAna se rahita indriyoM vAle saMjJI paMcendriya paryApta jIvoM kI bhASA ko akSarAtmaka kahA hai| dravyasaMgraha kI TIkA meM akSarAtmaka zabda kI aura vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki akSarAtmaka bhASA saMskRta, prAkRta aura unake apabhraMza rUpa paizAcI Adi bhASAoM ke bheda se Arya va mleccha manuSyoM ke vyavahAra ke kAraNa aneka prakAra kI hai| akSarAtmaka zabda kI uparyukta tInoM paribhASAoM se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki vaha dhvani samUha, jisameM akSarIya bheda kiyA jA sake aura jo sampreSaNa rUpa vyavahAra meM hetu hai, akSarAtmaka zabda hai| __ bhASA-vyavahAra kI dRSTi se akSarAtmaka zabda ke bhI bhagavatI-ArAdhanA meM nau bheda kiye gaye haiM- AmantraNI,, AjJApanI, yAcanI, praznabhASA, prajJApanI, pratyAkhyAnI, icchAnulomA, saMzayavacana, ankssrvcn| jainoM kA bhASA-cintana :: 567 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #577
zabda bhASAtmaka abhASAtmaka akSarAtmaka anaakSarAtmaka prAyogika vaisrasika tata vitata ghana sauSira zabda aura artha kA sambandha jaina dArzanika zabda aura artha meM vAcaka-vAcya sambandha kahate haiN| parIkSAmukha meM varNita hai ki zabda aura artha meM vAcaka-vAcya zakti hai, usameM saMketa hone se arthAt isa zabda kA vAcya yaha artha hai, aisA jJAna ho jAne se zabda Adi se padArthoM kA jJAna hotA hai| zabda aura artha meM jaba koI sambandha nahIM hotA, to zabda artha kA vAcaka kaise ho? isa prazna kA uttara kaSAyapAhuDakAra dete haiM ki jisa prakAra se pramANa kA artha ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai, tathApi vaha artha kA vAcaka ho jAtA hai| pramANa aura artha ke svabhAva se hI grAhaka aura grAhya kA sambandha hai, to zabda aura artha meM bhI svabhAva se hI vAcaka aura vAcya sambandha kyoM nahIM mAna lete? aura yadi zabdArtha meM svabhAvataH hI vAcya-vAcaka bhAva hai, taba phira puruSa ke yA jIva ke uccAraNa ke prayatna kI kyA AvazyakatA? yadi svabhAva se hI pramANa aura artha meM sambandha hotA, to indriya-vyApAra kI va prakAza kI AvazyakatA kyoM kara par3atI? ataH pramANa aura artha kI bhA~ti hI zabda meM bhI arthapratipAdana kI zakti samajhanI cAhie, athavA zabda aura artha kA sambandha kRtrima hai arthAt yaha sambandha ke dvArA kiyA huA hai, ataH puruSa ke vyApAra kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| ataH zabda aura artha meM vAcya-vAcaka bhAva sambandha hai, kaSAyapAhuDa kI bhI yahI mAnyatA hai| jaina dArzanikoM kI eka mAnyatA yaha bhI hai ki bhinna-bhinna zabdoM ke bhinna-bhinna artha hote haiN| sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai ki yadi zabdoM meM bheda hai, to arthoM meM bhI avazya honA caahie| rAjavArtika ke anusAra zabda kA bheda hone para artha arthAt vAcya padArtha kA bheda Avazyaka hai| rAjavArtika ke anusAra jitane zabda haiM, utane hI artha haiN| jaina dArzanika yaha bhI kahate haiM ki zabda kA artha dezakAlAnusAra pariveza ko dhyAna meM rakhakara 568 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #578
hI karanA cAhie, kyoMki eka-samaya meM aura eka-paristhiti meM eka zabda kA artha kucha hotA hai aura paristhiti yA samaya ke badalate hI usa zabda kA artha bhI badala jAtA hai| isaprakAra spaSTa hai ki jaina dArzanikoM ne zabda ke avadhAraNAtmaka pakSa para hI nahIM, balki usake dArzanika pakSa para, usake artha ke sAtha hone vAle sambandha para, usake arthabodha para evaM usake svarUpa para apanI alaga pahacAna rakhate hue vicAra kiyA hai aura apane isaprakAra ke vicAra se sampUrNa bhAratIya bhASA-zAstrIya cintana yA bhAratIya bhASA-zabdacintana ko samRddha kiyA hai| jainoM kA bhASA-cintana :: 569 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #579
vyAkaraNa pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina kucha praznoM ke sAtha isa Alekha ko prArambha karanA cAhatA huuN| pahalA prazna yaha ki Akhira jaina vyAkaraNoM yA jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNa kI alaga se bAta karane kI jarUrata kyA hai?... isI se sambaddha dUsarA prazna aura ki yadi jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNa yA vyAkaraNoM kI bAta na kI jAe, to bauddhika jagat kI Akhira kyA kSati hogI yA ho rahI hai, jaisI ki deza ke adhikAMza vizvavidyAlayoM ke saMskRta vibhAgoM kI hai?.... jaina vyAkaraNoM yA jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNa kI viSaya vastu aura sAmagrI ko yadi Apa gambhIra dRSTi se dekheM yA vicAra kareM, to Apako ina donoM praznoM ke saTIka uttara apane Apa mila jaaeNge| jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNa yA vyAkaraNoM ke kisI bhI pATha se jaba Apa gujarate haiM, to Apa bar3e sahaja hI yaha mahasUsane lagate haiM ki ye jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke grantha pUrI taraha eka bhinna bhAva-dhArA para likhe gae grantha haiN| itanA hI nahIM, balki inakI bhASA ko dekhane kI dRSTi bhI jainetara vyAkaraNoM se alaga hai| isa Alekha meM ina biMduoM para hama saMkSepa meM hI pATha AdhArita vicAra ke sAtha kucha bAta karanA cAhate haiN| sabase pahalI bAta yaha ki ina jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNoM kA prArambha kisI vaidika devatA ke smaraNa ke sAtha nahIM huA hai arthAt inake maMgalAcaraNoM meM kisI na kisI jaina pUjya puruSa kA smaraNa sAkSAt yA parokSa rUpa meM huA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha ki inameM eka ora jahA~ vaidika saMskRta kI saMracanA ko lekara koI vyAkaraNika niyama nahIM diye gae haiM, vahIM inameM se kucha meM pAli prAkRta-apabhraMza kI saMracanA ke niyamoM ko samAhita kiyA gayA hai aura kucha jaina paramparA vizeSa ke pAribhASikoM ko bhI vyAkhyAta kiyA gayA hai, jinakI carcA jainetara vyAkaraNoM meM lagabhaga nahIM hai| isase spaSTa hai ki ina jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNoM kI bhAva-bhUmi bhinna hai| isa Alekha meM maiM tIna pramukha jaina vyAkaraNoM yathA- jainendra, zAkaTAyana va kAtantra ko lekara isa prasaMga meM kucha carcA kruuNgaa|| jainendra vyAkaraNa kA Arambha 'siddhiranekAntAt ' sUtra se kiyA gayA hai| prakRta prathama sUtra meM sUtrakartA ne jainadarzana ke mUla mantra anekAnta, jo jIva ke abhilakSya mokSa kI prApti kA sarvottama sAdhana hai, se hI prakRti-pratyayAdi vibhAga ke dvArA zabdoM kI siddhi ko bhI pradarzita kiyA hai| isaprakAra anekAnta ko granthakAra ne sabhI vidyAoM ke mUla meM 570 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #580
svIkRta kiyA hai| jainendra paMcAdhyAyI meM jainendrakAra ne Rlaka ke sthAna para zabdArNava meM Rka pratyAhAra hI rakhA hai, arthAt la kA antarbhAva R meM hI kara liyA hai| vastutaH laukika saMskRta meM mUla arthAt dhAtu ke rUpa meM prayukta lakAra se banane vAlA koI zabda hai bhI nahIM, isIlie la kA ullekha pANini kI paramparA kI taraha svatantra rUpa se jainendra meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai| ___ jainendra meM kAraka-krama pANini ke hI samAna kramazaH apAdAna, sampradAna, karaNa, adhikaraNa, karma aura kartA ke rUpa meM hai| kArakoM meM kartA, adhikaraNa aura karaNa kI paribhASA jainendra kI pANini ke samAna hI hai| kevala 'AdhAro'dhikaraNam' isa pANini ke sUtra ke adhikaraNa pada ko jo pANini ne napuMsakaliMga meM prayukta kiyA hai, jainendra ne pulliMga meM 'adhikaraNaH' karake rakhA hai| AdhAra kI vyAkhyA karate hue mahAvRttikAra likhate haiM-'yadadhInA yasya sthitiH, sa tasyAdhAraH' arthAt jisake adhIna jisakI sthiti hotI hai, vaha usakA AdhAra hotA hai| apAdAna, sampradAna evaM karma kI vyAkhyA meM jainendra ne camatkRti kI hai| apAdAna ke sandarbha meM jahA~ pANini kevala'dhruvamapAye'pAdAnam' kahate haiM, vahA~ jainendra ne 'dhyapAye dhruvamapAdAnam (jai.1/2/110)' kahA hai arthAt buddhipUrvaka apAya sAdhya meM jo dhruva hai, vaha apAdAna hotA hai| mahAvRttikAra ne 'prAptipUrvaka vizleSa ko apAya kahA hai aura buddhi ke dvArA kie hue apAya ko dhyapAya (dhiyA apAya:), avicala athavA avadhibhUta ko dhruva mAnA hai|' isa paribhASA meM vyavahRta jainendra ke viziSTa zabda yA pada dhyapAya kI sArthakatA ke lie mahAvRttikAra kA mata hai ki pANini ke kevala apAya kathana se 'adharmAjjugupsate' Adi meM apAdAnatva nahIM ghaTatA, jabaki vastutaH vyavahAra meM hai| prekSApUrvaka duHkha-hetu adharma hai, isaprakAra kI buddhi ke dvArA jo samprApya hai, usase jo nivartita karatA hai, vahA~ apAdAnatva huaa| isaprakAra dhyapAya pada ke rakhane se 'caurebhyaH bibheti, adhyayanAt parAjayate, upAdhyAyAdadhIte, yavebhyo gAM vArayati, kUpAdandhaM vArayati, akAryAtsutaM vArayati' Adi udAharaNoM meM prayukta kramaza: caura, adhyayana, upAdhyAya, yava, kUpa aura akArya ina sabhI meM apAdAnatva ghaTa jaaegaa| isaprakAra jainendra kI apAdAna paribhASA meM nihita cintana jainendra kA apanA maulika hai| isIprakAra sampradAna ke viSaya meM jainendra kI ukti hai-'karmaNopeyaH sampradAnam' (1/ 2/111) arthAt karma ke dvArA jo upeya/prApya artha hai, vaha kAraka sampradAna hotA hai| 'kaJapyam' (1/2/120) kartA ke dvArA, kriyA ke mAdhyama se jo Apya hai, use pUjyapAda ne karma kahA hai- 'prApyaM viSayabhUtaM ca nirvayaM vikriyaatmkm| kartuzca kriyayA vyaapybhiipsitaaniipsitetrt|'-mhaavRttikaar abhayanandi ke dvArA uddhRta isa zloka ke sabhI aMzoM-prApya, viSayabhUta, nirvartya, vikriyAtmaka, kartA kI kriyA ke dvArA vyApyatA, Ipsita aura anIpsita meM jainendrokta lakSaNa kI vyApti ke kAraNa karmatva sahaja ghaTa jAtA hai, jabaki pANini ke lakSaNa kI gati kevala Ipsitatama taka hI hai| vyAkaraNa :: 571 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #581
kAraka ke ina tInoM lakSaNoM meM jainendra kI saMkSepaNa pravRtti ke sAtha-sAtha usake cintana kI maulikatA ke pratyakSa darzana hote haiN| jahA~ pANini paramparA meM kevala cha: kAraka kartA, karma, karaNa, sampradAna, apAdAna aura adhikaraNa hI svIkRta haiM, vahA~ jainendra (mahAvRtti 1/2/126 ke anusAra) eka hetu kAraka ko aura upasthApita karate haiN| isaprakAra krama ke anusAra jainendra meM kArakoM kI sthiti haiapAdAna-1/2/110, sampradAna-1/2/111, karaNa-1/2/114, adhikaraNa-1/2/116, karma1/2/120, kartA-1/2/125 aura hetu-1/2/126| jahA~ pANini ne adarzana ko lopa mAnA hai, vahA~ jainendrakAra nAza kI 'kha' saMjJA kahate haiM (jai. 1/1/61) / isase abhiprAya yaha hai ki jahA~ pANini kI paramparA ke vaiyAkaraNa zabda ko nitya mAnate haiM, vahA~ pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM ke isa mata se jainendrakAra kA sAmya nahIM hai, vastuta: jainadarzana meM zabda ko pudgala kA hI aMga mAnA gayA hai| ata: ve use ajara-amara kaise mAne? ... isalie vaha to vahA~ anitya hai aura pUjyapAda jahA~ jainendra vyAkaraNa ke praNetA haiM, vahIM jainadarzana ke mUla sUtra-grantha tattvArthasUtra kI bhI racanA kI TIkA 'sarvArthasiddhi' hai unhoMne, to ve bhalA zabda ko nitya kaise svIkAreM?...saca, uccarita hokara naSTa honA hI paudgalika zabda kI niyati bhI hai unake anusaar| ___prAtipadika ke lie jainendra meM 'mRt' saMjJA kA vyavahAra huA hai aura mRt arthAt prAtipadika kI paribhASA bhI jainendrakAra kI apanI hai-'adhumRt (jai.1/1/5)''dhuvarjitamarthavacchabdarUpaM mRtsaMjJaM bhavati-mahAvRttiH' arthAt dhuvarjita (dhAtu se bhinna) arthavAn zabdarUpa mRtsaMjJaka hotA hai| jabaki pANini arthavAn dhAtubhinna pratyayarahita varNAnupUrvI ko prAtipadika kahate haiN| vastutaH sArthaka varNasamudAya ke mUla rUpa kI prAtipadika aura dhAtu do hI sthitiyA~ ho sakatI haiM, pratyaya to artha ke dyotana kA kAma karate haiM, na ki artha ke dhAraNa kaa| ataH 'apratyayaH' pada ko (prAtipadika) mRt kI paribhASA ke lie sUtra meM rakhane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM samajhI pUjyapAda svAmI ne| - jainendra kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai saMkSepaNIyatA, vaiyAkaraNa devanandi ne isa saMkSepa kI pravRtti ko apanAne meM vibhinna pravidhiyA~ apanAI haiM, jinameM se pramukha haiM 1. jainendra ke racanA-kAla ke anupayogI prakaraNoM ko zAstra meM na sa~jonA, phalataH vaidika svara evaM ekazeSa prakaraNa jainendra meM nahIM haiN| 2. prayukta it saMjJA ke sthaloM ko kama krnaa| 3. sUtra ke pada-krama meM privrtn| yathA-pANini-AdeH parasya, jai. parasyAdeH 1/1/ 51- phalata: eka mAtrA kA lAghava aura vaiyAkaraNa to ardhamAtrA ke lAghava ko hI putrotsava mAnate haiM, to eka mAtrA kI hrasvatA se kitanI prasannatA huI hogI?..... yaha svayaMsiddha hai| 4. zAstra ke adhyAyoM kA kama karanA, phalataH anuvRtti kA kArya punaH punaH nahIM karanA 572 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #582
pdd'aa| 5. prayukta saMjJAoM ko hrasvIkRta krnaa| yathA-prathamA- vA, bahuvacana-bahu, bhuvriihibm| 6. aneka sUtroM ke sthAna para eka sUtra kA pryog| aisA karane meM granthakAra ne prAyaH do, tIna, cAra, pA~ca sUtroM ke sthAna para eka sUtra to banAyA hI hai, para jahA~ pANini ne 13 sUtra banAe, una sabake lie jainendra ne kevala eka sUtra se hI sArA kAma kiyA- kustumburu... (413116) sUtroM ko bhI choTA kiyaa| yathA- pA. - tulyabalavirodhe paraM kaarym| jai. sparddhaparam (112190) pA. pratyayalope prtyylkssnnm| jai. tyakhe tyAzrayam (11163) pA. na lumtaangg| jai. nomatA goH (1164) 7. sUtra-saMkhyA kA kama karanA to svAbhAvika hI thaa| 8. pratyayoM kI saMkhyA ghttaanaa| jaise- pANini ke sampUrNa strI vAcaka pratyayoM se hone vAle kArya ko kevala ATha strI pratyayoM- TApa, Apa, Ga DAya, phaD, U, khamU evaM zya- meM hI samAhita kara liyA hai| ___ 9. aneka aise sthala bhI haiM, jahA~ pANini ne kevala eka sUtra banAyA hai, vahA~ jainendra ne do yA adhika sUtroM ko rakhA hai, isase jJAtavya hai ki jainendrakAra kI icchA sUtra-pATha ke saralIkaraNa kI rahI ho| yathA- jai. 1/2/16-17 - pA. 1/3/22 jai. 1/4/19-20-21 pA. 2/3/10 isaprakAra hama dekhate haiM ki-pUjyapAda ne apane jainendrAnuzAsana meM jahA~ pUrvapracalita sAmagrI kI bahuza: rakSA kI hai, vahIM saMkSepaNIyatA ko, svakAlIna saMskRti ko, dharma ko, darzana ko, aneka navIna sthitiyoM-vizeSatAoM ko, nae-nae niyamoM ko, naI zabdasiddhi-prakriyA ko evaM sUtroM meM gunthita abhinava bhASA-cintana ko bhI sameTA hai, aMkita kiyA hai| aba zAkaTAyana ke prasaMga se carcA Age bar3hAte haiN| zAkaTAyana kI sabase baDI vizeSatA apane grantha meM svarAdhyAya ke pratipAdana kI hai, jisakA isa dRSTi se ullekha na pANini ke dvArA hI aura na cAndra ne hI kiyA hai| pANini ke mata meM zabda se pUrva arthAt subanta se pUrva pratyaya nahIM hote, jabaki zAkaTAyana ne eka sthAna para isa pUrva kI paramparA ko haTAte hue subanta zabda se pUrva pratyaya 'bahu' ke lie upadeza kiyA hai| supaH prAgbahurvA / (3/4/68) vibhASA supo bahu ca purastAttu assttaa.| zAkaTAyana zabdAnuzAsana meM aneka pratyaya navIna bhI prayukta hue haiN| yathA-trapc, edyus, rhi, TenyaNa, kRtvas, trA, sAt, kaTya, TanaNa, khnu, la, sna, kAra, rUpya, AhaNa, NDhin, cudgacu, zAkin, shaaktt| pratyaya kI vyAkhyA bhI zAkaTAyana kI apanI hai| ve kahate haiM- zaSThayartha se bhinna vyAkaraNa :: 573 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #583
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org vihita varNa samudAya pratyaya hai / (pratyayaH kRto'SaSThyAH / 1/1/41) bhASAvijJAna yA zabdazAstra kI ikAI vAkya ko bhI zAkaTAyana ne maulika rUpa se paribhASita kiyA hai| sAkSAt athavA paramparA se aprayujyamAna tiDanta kA vizeSaNa prayujyamAna athavA aprayujyamAna tiGanta ke sAtha vAkya hotA hai / (ti vAkyam 1/1/61) pada kI ikAI dhAtu kI vyAkhyA bhI zAkaTAyana kI apanI maulika hai / kriyA kI pravRtti jisa varNa athavA zabda ke dvArA abhidheya ho, vaha dhAtu hai / (kriyArthI dhAtuH (1/1/ 22) I taparaH tatkAlasya / sthAnivadAdezo 'nalavidhau / suptiDataM padam / zAkaTAyana zabdAnuzAsana kI eka vizeSatA saMkSepIkaraNa bhI hai| saMkSepIkaraNa ko baratane meM zAkaTAyana ne it saMjJA ke sthaloM ko bahuta kama kara diyA hai; pariNAmataH sUtra bhI kama banAne par3e haiM aura pratyaya bhI choTe arthAt saMkSipta ho gae haiN| jahA~ pANini va jainendra ne aneka strI pratyaya banAe, vahA~ zAkaTAyana ne sampUrNa strI pratyayoM ke sthAna para apane zAstra meM kevala do AG va DI pratyaya hI prayukta kie haiN| zAkaTAyana ne vaidika vADmaya ke lie apane vyAkaraNa meM niyama nahIM pratipAdita kie haiM, astu isase bhI kaI sau sUtroM kA prayoga kama huA hai| isa saMkSiptatA kI pravidhi meM zAkaTAyana ne sUtroM ko bhI saMkSipta kiyA hai| jahA~ pANini, cAndra va kAtantra aneka padoM vAle sUtroM kA vyavahAra karate haiM, vahA~ zAkaTAyana ne kevala mAtra eka pada vAle aneka sUtra hI banAe haiM athavA sUtroM kI nirmANa kI prakriyA ko hI saMkSipta kiyA hai| yahA~ prastuta zAkaTAyana kI sUtrAtmaka saMkSipti ko nimna sUtroM kI tulanA karane para pratyakSa kara skeNge| yathA pANini Adirantyena shetaa| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zAkaTAyana sAtmetat 1/1/1 teyAn 1/1/3 sthAnIvAnalAzraye 1/1/50 suDpadam 1/1/62 anekazaH pANini ke eka se adhika sUtroM ko zAkaTAyana ne eka sUtra meM hI saMkSipta kiyA hai / yathA zAkaTAyana pANini DhoDhe lopaH / rori / 1/1/31 donoM ke sthAna para eka sUtra hI kahIM-kahIM zAkaTAyana ne sampUrNa prakaraNa ko eka sUtra meM hI saMkalita kara liyA hai| jaise samasta it saMjJA vidhAyaka sUtroM kI vidhi ko eka hI sUtra 'aprayogIt' (1/1/5) saMkSepIkaraNa kI prakriyA meM zAkaTAyana ne pratyaya evaM AgamoM ko bhI saMkSipta kiyA 574 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #584
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra hai / yathApANini kAmyac yat lyuT anIyar www. kobatirth.org zAkaTAyana kAmya ya ana anIya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zatR atR bhAratIya vyAkaraNa ke paridRzya ko dhyAna se dekheM, to eka bAta sApha ubharakara AtI hai ki yahA~ ke vyAkaraNa granthoM ko do varga meM rakhA jA sakatA hai- (1) ve grantha, jinameM pratyAhAra / mAhezvara sUtroM jaisI saMkalpanA hI nahIM hai yA use sthAna nahIM diyA gayA; (2) isa varga meM ve grantha Ate haiM, jinhoMne pratyAhAra / mAhezvara sUtroM ke AdhAra para vyAkaraNa zAstra kA purassaraNa kiyaa| kAtantra pratyAhAra sUtroM / mAhezvara sUtroM ke binA likhA gayA vyAkaraNa hai| aba maiM kAtantra ke sandarbha se yahA~ bAta karanA cAhatA hU~ / Aja kAtantra ke svarUpa ko lekara yaha carcA kucha loga karane lage haiM ki isa vyAkaraNa kA uddezya kama samaya meM saMskRta vyAkaraNa kI jAnakArI / dakSatA upalabdha karA denA mAtra hai, kyoMki pANinIya vyAkaraNa ko par3hakara dakSatA pAne meM lagabhaga bAraha varSa lagate haiM / the; isalie yaha vyAkaraNa pANini ke vyAkaraNa kA kevala saMkSipta rUpa bhara hai, para mujhe yaha mAnyatA samIcIna nahIM lagatI hai| isake do pramukha kAraNa haiM - (1) bhAratIya paramparA meM koI vastu yA vicAra kevala isalie racA jAtA ho yA racI gaI ho ki use pahale se kevala choTA karanA hai - isake udAharaNa sAmAnyataH hameM nahIM milate haiM, kyoMki hamArI pUrI paramparA jahA~ eka ora vicAra ke mUla utsa va prakRti ko rekhAMkita karatI hai, vahIM dUsarI ora usakI pallavana paddhati ko, isalie hamAre yahA~ koI bhI racanA kevala saMkSepaNa ke lie nahIM hotI; (2) hamAre yahA~ koI bhI racanA bhinna rUpa meM taba racI jAtI hai ki jaba yaha par3atAla ho cukI hotI hai ki nizcita samaya avadhi meM pahalI racanA ThIka taraha se pUrI bAta nahIM kaha pAtI aura tatsandarbhita paristhiti meM racanAkAra ko lagatA hai ki upalabdha racanA meM pallavita vicAra samucita nahIM haiM yA hama ukta pallavita vicAra se bhinna dRSTi rakhate haiM, phalata: hamAre lie apane vicAra purassaraNa ke lie eka nayI racanA aparihArya hai / yahA~ isa Alekha meM prayojanIyatA para carcA tIna dRSTiyoM se karanA apekSita hai - (1) kAtantra Akhira kAtantrakAra ke dvArA kyoM racA gayA ?... (2) kAtantra meM aisA kyA hai, jo anyoM se bhinna hai ?... (3) kAtantra para aba Aja bAta karane kI jarUrata kyoM hai ? .... katantra ke sampUrNa sAhitya meM jo sandarbha milate haiM, unase tIna bAteM ubharakara AtI haiM- (1) kAtantra aindra paramparA kA vyAkaraNa hai tathA ho sakatA hai ki usakA saMkSipta rUpa bhI ho; (2) kAtantra kAlApaka vyAkaraNa kA saMkSipta rUpa hai aura vaha pANini se pUrvavartI vyAkaraNa :: 575 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #585
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kalApI paramparA para AdhArita hai ( prabhudayAla agnihotrI, pR.66-67); (3) kAtantra kA apara nAma kAlApaka hai, usake paThana-pAThana kI paramparA gA~va-gA~va meM thI (grAme - grAme kAlApakam - pataMjali mahAbhASya, 4/3/109); pro. belvalkara to yahA~ taka kahate haiM ki kAtantra jitanA loka - vizruta thA, utanA anya zAstra nhiiN)| itanA hI nahIM, balki usake paThana-pAThana kI paramparA bhArata ke bAhara bhI thI ( yudhiSThira mImAMsaka, pR. 326), balki eka bAta aura ki aindra - kAlApaka - kAtantra ne sampUrNa bhArata ke vyAkaraNa - cintana ko prabhAvita kiyA - yahI kAraNa hai ki svayaM pANini sampradAya meM jina pUrva vyAkaraNa paramparAoM kA ullekha hai, unameM kAlApaka bhI hai| pro. lakSmInArAyaNa tivArI pAli ke kAccAyana vyAkaraNa ko pUrI taraha kAtantra se prabhAvita mAnate haiM (kAccAyana kI bhUmikA, pR. 38), DaoN. barnala ne tolakApyam ko bhI isa paramparA se prabhAvita mAnA hai (pro. belvalkara, pR. 9) / pro. belvalkara ne hI eka uddharaNa dete hue yaha bAta kahI ki yaha kAlApa vyAkaraNa, jo chandazAstra meM arthAt vedAdi ke pArAyaNa meM lIna haiM, alpa buddhi vAle haiM, anya zAstroM ke adhyayana meM rata haiM, vyApArI haiM, kRSi Adi kAryoM meM lage haiM, itanA hI nahIM, balki jo loka-kalyANa kI yAtrAoM meM saMlagna haiM, IzvaravAdI haiM, vyAdhiyoM se ghire haiM tathA Alasya se yukta haiM, aise janoM ko zIghra bodha karAne ke lie racA gayA hai| (chAndasaH svalpamatayaH zAstrAntararatAzca ye / vaNik sasyAdisaMskRtA: lokayAtrAdiSu sthitAH / IzvarAH vyAdhiniratAstathAlasyayutAzca ye / teSAM kSipraprabodhArthamanekArthaM kAlApakam / / - pro. belvalkara, pR. 68, rAmasAgara mizra, pR. 10) / ina ullikhita prayojanoM ke atirikta mujhe lagatA hai ki hamArI sampUrNa paramparA vAcika rahI hai, ataH vyAkaraNa kI bhI vAcika hI rahI hogI, mahAbhASya meM prayukta Ahnika Adi zabda isa bAta kI ora saMketa bhI dete haiM ki eka dina meM par3hAyA jAne vAlA yA carcA kiyA jAne vAlA pATha Ahnika hai| cU~ki 'indreNa proktam aindram' kI vyutpatti ke anusAra indra dvArA kahe hue rUpa meM hone ke kAraNa aindra vyAkaraNa vAcika rUpa meM calatA rahA, yaha paramparA bhArata ke yA bhArata ke AsapAsa ke kisI eka kSetra meM hI rahI hogI - aisA bhI nahIM hai, balki yaha sampUrNa bhArata va Asa-pAsa lambe bhU-bhAga meM pracalita rahI, jisakI puSTi kAtantra ke bahuvidha - bAMglA va kazmIrI Adi pAThoM se hotI hai, yathA-' te vargAH paca paca paca (rUpamAlA), te vargA paca pacaza: (nyAsa 1/1/10) ' yaha sthiti sAmAnyataH pANini kI paramparA kI nahIM hai / isaprakAra ke pATha yaha saMketa dete haiM ki kAtantra kA prayoga - phalaka bahuta vistIrNa thA aura isIlie isake prayoktAoM ke bIca meM bahupATha pracalita the / ... aura jaba anya zAstroM kI taraha aindra kI vAcika paramparA kSINa hotI najara AI, taba kAtantrakAra ne usa paramparA ko pUrNatantra kA rUpa dete hue kAtantra raca diyA, para usameM do sambhAvanAe~ vizeSa haiM- (1) loka meM pracalita vistIrNa paramparA kA hissA hone ke kAraNa yaha apane Apa meM sahaja va sarala rUpa meM raca gayA, (2) vyAkaraNa - -gRhItAoM ko saralatA se samajha meM A jAye - isakA vizeSa 576 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #586
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dhyAna rakhate hue racanAkAra ne aise sahaja rUpa meM kAtantra kI racanA kI / dhyAna se racanA ke vaicArika / dArzanika pakSa para vicAra kareM, to yaha bAta bhI spaSTa rUpa meM ubhara kara AtI hai ki kAtantra sahaja, sarala aura choTA tantra hote hue bhI vaicArika rUpa meM bar3I samRddha evaM puSTa racanA hai| bhASA kA AdhAra vAkya hotA hai aura vAkya kA AdhAra pada aura pada ke binA bhASA kI gati nahIM hotI hai, arthAt bhASA kA prayojana siddha nahIM hotA hai / isalie bhASA ke prayojana kI siddhi kA sAkSAt kAraNa pada hai| pANinIya paramparA zabda meM yA pada meM hI jor3e jAne vAle yojaka pratyayoM ke AdhAra para pada ke nirmANa kI bAta karatI hai, arthAt pada kI pahacAna yojaka vibhakti pratyayoM ke AdhAra para hI pANini paramparA meM sambhava hai| isIlie to vahA~ pada kI paribhASA dete hue AcArya pANini kahate haiM ki 'suptiGantam padam ' para yaha paribhASA kAtantrakAra ko mAnya nahIM hai aura ve kahate haiM ki 'pUrvaparayorartholabdhau padam ' / isa paribhASA ko dhyAna se dekheM to yaha bAta spaSTa dikhatI hai ki zarvavarmA kI dRSTi pada kI siddhi meM bhI bhASA ke carama lakSya arthopalabdhi para rahI hai / ve una zabdoM ko pada mAnane ko taiyAra nahIM, jinameM kevala yojaka vibhakti pratyaya lage hoM aura prakRti se yukta hoM, para arthopalabdhi na karA rahe hoN| unheM to dhvaniyoM kI vaha saMgaThita rAzi hI pada ke rUpa meM svIkAra hai, jo arthopalabdhi karAtI hai arthAt sAkSAt artha-bodha kA kAraNa hai, isalie ve aisI dhvaniyoM ke samUhoM ko pada ke rUpa meM nahIM svIkArate, jo sUkti va pada se yukta to hoM, para sArthaka artha lie na hoN| isake sAtha hI sAtha unake mata meM aisI dhvaniyoM kA samUha bhI pada hone kI arhatA nahIM rakhatA, jo kevala prakRti ke sAtha jur3ane kI sambhAvyatA ke kAraNa jur3atA ho, vastutaH vaha bhASA meM svIkAra na ho / bhAva yaha hai ki kAtantrakAra yaha kahanA cAhate haiM ki saba prakRtiyoM ke sAtha saba pratyaya nahIM jor3e jA skte| kisa prakRti ke sAtha kauna-sA pratyaya jur3egA - isakI saMgati bhASA meM bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai; yaha do rUpoM meM hotI hai- eka to kisa pratyaya ke sAtha kauna-sI prakRti AtI hai isa dRSTi se, aura dUsarI kisa prakRti ke sAtha kauna-sA pratyaya jur3atA hai isa dRSTi se, para ye donoM dRSTiyA~ sIdhe niyantrita hotI haiM arthopalabdhi se / isa pUre ke pUre bhASAyI darzana ko kAtantrakAra sirpha eka sUtra se rakha dete haiM aura unakI isa dRSTi ko lekara hI hameM bhASA meM nirantara yaha parIkSaNa karate rahanA cAhie ki dhvaniyoM kA vaha samUha hI pada ho sakatA hai, jo arthopalabdhi kA sAdhana ho; jo arthopalabdhi kA sAdhana nahIM hai, vaha pada nahIM ho sakatA / kAtantra meM dhvaniyoM ke jisa svarUpa kI carcA milatI hai, vaha svarUpa bhI pANinIya paramparA ke ThIka samAna nahIM hai, yathA- G J, N, n, m dhvaniyA~ pANinIya paramparA meM nAsikya kahI gayI haiM, jabaki kAtantrakAra inheM anunAsika kahate haiN| sUtra hai-- 'anunAsikA DaMganamA:' 1/1/13 | isase spaSTa hai ki donoM paramparAoM meM ina dhvaniyoM ko eka jaisA nahIM mAnA gyaa| yadi ina dhvaniyoM ke bhautika uccAraNa ko bhI dekhA jAya, to bhI yaha bAta For Private And Personal Use Only -- vyAkaraNa :: 577

Page #587
sApha lagatI hai ki ye dhvaniyA~ kevala nAsikya nahIM ho sakatIM; kyoMki inake uccAraNa meM nAsikA aura mukha donoM vivaroM kA prayoga hotA hai| cUMki donoM vivaroM kA prayoga hotA hai, ataH inakA yathArtha uccAraNa anunAsika hI hai| aba sabAla uThatA hai ki isa anunAsika ko vyakSjana mAnA jAya yA svara? pANinIya paramparA meM anunAsika dhvaniyA~ svara mAnI gayI haiM, jabaki kAtantrakAra inheM 'kAdIni vyaMjanAni' tathA 'te vargAH paca pacAH' kahakara inheM vyaMjana hI mAnate haiN| ina dhvaniyoM ke donoM paramparAvartI ullekhoM ko dhyAna se dekhA jAya to tIna sthitiyA~ ubharakara AtI haiM - pahalI sthiti meM kAtantrakAra ina dhvaniyoM ko anunAsika rUpa meM suna rahe the, isalie inakA svarUpa unhoMne anunAsika hI kahA, jo pANinIya mata ke anusAra svara kA eka bheda hai| hameM bhASA meM aise aneka udAharaNa milate haiM, jahA~ svara dhvaniyA~ kAlakrama meM vyaMjana rUpa meM parivartita hotI dekhI gayI haiM, para jahA~ ye vyaMjana rUpa meM parivartita haiM, vahA~ ye vyaMjana ke pramukha AdhAra abhilakSaNoM se hI sampanna haiM, svaroM ke AdhAra abhilakSaNoM se nhiiN| isase aisA lagatA hai ki kAtantrakAra ina dhvaniyoM kI prakRti ke anusAra inake svarUpa ko anunAsika ke guNa se yukta hI pAte haiM, para ve vargIkaraNa kI dRSTi se inheM vyaMjana ke sAtha rakha dete haiM, jabaki pANini inheM vyaMjana rUpa hI dekhate haiM aura vyaMjana rUpa se hI vargIkRta karate haiN| dUsarI sthiti yaha hai ki kAtantrakAra ke samaya ina dhvaniyoM kI sthiti spaSTa nahIM thI, isalie uccAraNa ke stara para unhoMne inheM anunAsika kahA aura vargIkaraNa ke stara para vyNjn| tIsarI sthiti yaha hai ki pANinIya paramparA ina dhvaniyoM kA jo nAsikya uccAraNa kaha rahI hai, vaha vastutaH sambhava nahIM, para bhASAI-vyavasthA kI dRSTi se ye dhvaniyA~ vyaMjana to haiM, para inheM anunAsika hI mAnA jAnA cAhie, jaisA ki kAtantrakAra kA mata hai yA unakI prastuti hai|| loka, bhASA aura artha ina tInoM sandarbho se bhASA aura vyAkaraNa jur3e hue haiM aura ye tInoM paraspara sampRkta haiN| yathArtha ghaTanA ghaTatI hai, usakA pratyakSa hokara prayoktA ko bodha hotA hai aura usa bodha se bhASika zabda janma letA hai; aisI hI dUsarI sthiti meM bhASika zabda se artha-bodha hotA hai aura vaha artha-bodha loka meM vidyamAna vastu kI ora saMketa karatA hai; tIsarI sthiti meM mastiSka meM vidyamAna bahuta sAre arthoM meM se eka artha ko kahane ke lie vaktA cunatA hai aura tadanusAra usa artha kI vAcika dhvani kA uccAraNa kara yathArtha jagat meM vidyamAna vastu kI ora saMketa karatA hai- ina tInoM sthitiyoM ke paridRzya meM bhASA aura vyAkaraNa ghUmatA hai| bhASyakAra pataMjali apane bhASya meM- 'lokataH' tathA 'lokato'rthaprayukte zabdaprayoge zAstreNa dharmaniyamaH' kA prayoga kara spaSTa saMketa dete haiM ki zabdoM ke artha ke nirdhAraNa kA nikaSa loka hai, jabaki kAtantrakAra isase aura Age jAte haiM aura ve kahate haiM ki 'lokopacArAd grahaNa-siddhiH' 1/1/23 / isase spaSTa hai ki lokavyavahAra se hI jisa vastu kI ora saMketana hotA hai, usake grahaNa kI siddhi hotI hai aura isaprakAra ve apane zAstra ko kevala sAkSAt artha kI hI sambhAvyatA taka sImita nahIM 578 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #588
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir karate, balki zabda kI dhvanyAtmaka zakti ke dvArA bodhya yathArtha jagat kI jo vastu hai, usa taka le jAte haiM aura unake TIkAkAra to yaha bhI kahate haiM ki vastutaH artha ke prayoga meM aura zabda ke prayoga meM sabase bar3A pramANa yadi koI hai, to vaha hai loka vyavahAra / bhAva yaha hai ki zAstra se koI zabda na bhI bana rahA ho aura loka vyavahAra meM vaha pracalita ho, to use hameM svIkAra lenA cAhie aura zAstra ko use siddha karane ke niyama khojane cAhie tathA antataH yadi zAstra meM niyama na hoM, to use niyama dene cAhie; jabaki bhASyakAra zabda ke artha-nirdhAraNa meM loka ko to pramANa mAnate haiM, para zabda ke prayoga ko pUrI taraha lokAzrita nahIM chor3ate, isIlie to vahA~ ullekha milatA hai ki 'ekozabdaH samyagjJAtaH.... kAmadhuk bhavati' arthAt dhArmika kriyAoM meM zabda ke jisa rUpa kI svIkRti zAstra meM hai, ThIka usI rUpa meM prayoga karane para hI usa dhArmika kriyA ke lakSya kI prApti hotI hai aura isaprakAra ve zabda-sAdhana ko pUrI taraha zAstra - AdhArita mAnakara hI calate haiN| pANini paramparA jahA~ avyayIbhAva samAsa karane ke lie aneka sUtroM kA vidhAna karatI hai, vahIM kAtantrakAra kevala eka sUtra se vaha kAma kara lete haiN| vaha sUtra hai- 'pUrvaM vAcyaM bhaved yasya, so'vyayIbhAva ishyte'| yadyapi pANinIya paramparA meM bhI yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki avyayIbhAva samAsa meM pUrvapada pradhAna hotA hai, para isakA ullekha sUtra meM nahIM milatA, jabaki kAtantra meM vaha ullekha hI avyayIbhAva kA kendra hai| pUrva zabda-rUpa vAcya rUpa se pradhAna jahA~ ho, vahA~ avyayIbhAva samAsa hotA hai aura usake pratipAdya artha meM vAcakatva hone para bhI artha kI pradhAnatA kI dRSTi se hI zabda kI pradhAnatA kI bAta kahI gaI hai; isIlie unakA sUtra hai ki- 'pUrvaM vAcyaM bhavedyasya so'vyayIbhAva izyate' / kAtantrakAra kI kAraka kI dhAraNAe~ bhI apane meM viziSTa haiM aura unako dekhane se lagatA hai ki unake pIche eka pUrI kI pUrI bhinna dArzanika pRSThabhUmi kAma karatI hai| udAharaNa ke lie kartA ko hI leM - kartA kI paribhASA karate hue ve kahate haiM ki jo kriyA karatA hai, vaha kartA hai- yaH karoti sa kartA / bhAva yaha hai ki jo kriyA ko karane vAlA hai, vaha kAtantra ke anusAra kartA hai, usase bhinna kartA nahIM ho sakatA, jabaki pANinIya paramparA kartA ko svatantra mAnatI hai, isIlie vahA~ sUtra hai - svatantraH kartA / kAtantrakAra bhI kartA ko svatantra mAnate haiM, para use niSkriya nhiiN| vaha kriyA ko karane vAlA hai arthAt kAtantrakAra vedAntiyoM se isa bAta para bhinna haiM ki vahA~ pratyeka jIva svatantra hote hue bhI kucha kara nahIM sakatA, jo kucha kriyA usake dvArA hotI hai, Izvara- icchA se hotI hai / yaha kAtantrakAra ko svIkAra nahIM hai / isIprakAra jo kiyA jAtA hai, vaha karma hai / bhAva yaha hai ki jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra koI bhI karma kisI vyakti ke sAtha binA kiye hue nahIM jur3atA hai, isIlie use kriyA kA phala mAnA gayA hai| isIlie vahA~ paribhASA dI gayI hai'yat kriyate tat karma' jabaki pANinIya paramparA meM kartA ke Ipsitatama ko karma mAnA gayA hai-- 'karturIpsitatamaM karma' / bhAva yaha hai ki pANinIya paramparA jagat ke kartA ke rUpa meM For Private And Personal Use Only vyAkaraNa :: 579

Page #589
Izvara ko dekhatI hai aura usa Izvara ko jisa kriyA vizeSa ke dvArA jo karma sampanna karAnA hotA hai, vaha vaha karatA hai, jabaki zarvavarmA kI paramparA se sApha dikhatA hai ki kartA jo kriyA karatA hai, usakA phala karma hai arthAt karma pratyeka kriyA kA phala hai| binA kriyA ke karma kI sthiti nahIM hai| muktAtmA jaba sAMsArika kriyAoM se mukta ho jAtI hai, pariNAmasvarUpa vaha karma se niSkalaMka ho jAtI hai| aise hI karaNa kI paribhASA karate hue kAtantrakAra kahate haiM ki jisake dvArA kriyA kI jAya, vaha karaNa hai, jabaki pANini kahate haiM ki 'sAdhakatamaM karaNam' kriyA-siddhi meM jo prakRSTa upakAraka hotA hai, vaha karaNa kahalAtA hai aura kriyA Izvara-icchA se hotI hai, to bhAva yaha huA ki Izvara-icchA rUpa kriyA ke sampAdana meM jo bhI jIva lagate haiM, ve hI prakRSTa upakAraka hote haiM, jabaki yaha bAta zarvavarmA nahIM mAna pAte, kyoMki ve pratyeka kriyA ko pratyeka jIvarUpa kartA ke adhIna dekhate haiM aura usa kriyA ke sampAdana meM hone vAlI jo bhI vastu yA kriyA mAdhyama banatI hai, use ve karaNa kahate haiM, yathA- 'yena kriyate tat krnnm'| sampradAna ke viSaya meM bhI pANini kI mAnyatA hai- dAnabhUta karma ke dvArA jo abhipreta hotA hai, vaha sampradAna-saMjJaka kahalAtA hai tathA unakI paramparA yaha bhI mAnatI hai, kriyA ke dvArA jo abhipreta hotA hai, usakI sampradAna saMjJA hotI hai| Izvara-icchA huI gAya ko dAna dene kI, aba prazna uThatA hai ki gAya kise dI jAe?... gAya rUpa dAna karma kA abhipreta huA brAhmaNa, isalie brAhmaNa sampradAna khlaayaa| isItaraha koI nArI zayana-kriyA Izvara-icchA se pati ke lie karatI hai, to zayana-kriyA kA abhipreta huA pati, isalie pati sampradAna hai| ye sthitiyA~ kAtantrakAra ko ThIka nahIM lgtii| ve kahate haiM, jise kucha dene kI icchA ho yA jise kucha rucikara lagatA ho athavA jo dhAraNa karatA ho, kAtantrakAra kI dRSTi meM vaha sampradAnasaMjJaka hotA hai| isase lagatA hai ki kAtantrakAra kI paribhASA bhI yadyapi abhiprAyArthaka hai, para vaha Izvara-icchA kendrita nahIM hai| apAdAna kI paribhASA pANinIya paramparA meM 'dhruvamapAye apAdAnam' apAyakriyA hone para arthAt alaga hone para jo dhruva rahe, usa kAraka meM apAdAna saMjJA hotI hai, kyoMki kAtantrakAra kahate haiM ki- 'yato'paiti bhayamAdatte tadapAdAnam' jisase dUra hotA hai, DaratA hai aura grahaNa karatA hai, vaha kAraka apAdAna saMjJA vAlA hotA hai| yadyapi pANini kI paribhASA meM svecchA se apAya-kriyA yA rakSA-kriyA hotI hai| kAtantra meM isataraha kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| isake sAtha hI kAtantrakAra ne apAdAna kI prakriyA ko sarala banAyA hai, isIlie apAdAna saMjJaka paMcamI kA sarvanAma meM prayoga karake eka hI pada se apAya, bhaya aura rakSA - tInoM kriyAoM ke srota ko apAdAna meM rakhA gayA hai, jabaki pANini paramparA meM isake lie tIna bhinna srota haiN| adhikaraNa kI paribhASA pANini aura kAtantra meM lagabhaga samAna-sI hai| pANini kI prakriyA meM adhikaraNa ke lie kahA gayA hai- 'aadhaaro'dhikrnnm'| kriyA kI siddhi meM jo AdhAra hai, usa kAraka kI adhikaraNa saMjJA hotI hai| aise hI kAtantrakAra kahate haiM ki 'ya AdhArastadadhikaraNam' jo 580 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #590
AdhAra hai, usa kAraka ko adhikaraNa kahate haiM aura donoM prakriyAe~ kriyA ke tIna bheda hI mAnatI haiM- eka aupazleSika, dUsarA vaiSayika, tIsarA abhivyaapk| pANini paramparA meM kArakoM ke krama meM sabase pahale apAdAna, phira sampradAna aura isake bAda karaNa aura taba adhikaraNa, usake bAda karma aura krtaa| kAtantra kI sUtrapAThI prakriyA meM karaNa se adhikaraNa ko pahale rakhA gayA hai| isase spaSTa lagatA hai ki kAtantra kI dRSTi meM kriyA kI sampannatA meM adhikaraNa kI sthiti pahale hotI hai, karaNa kI bAda meN| isaprakAra sampUrNa kArakIya paridRzya ko dekheM, to kAtantra meM kriyA ke niSpAdana meM sabase pahale apAdAna AtA hai, jahA~ se vastutaH kriyA kA Arambha hotA hai; tadanantara sampradAna AtA hai, jisake lie kriyA ho rahI hai aura bAda meM adhikaraNa AtA hai, jo AdhAra rUpa hai arthAt kriyA kA AdhAra rUpa adhikaraNa hI kAtantrakAra kA abhISTa hai aura usake bAda jisase kriyA honI hai, vaha karaNa sammukha hotA hai aura tadanantara karma aura krtaa| pANini kI dRSTi meM karaNa adhika mahattvapUrNa kriyA-niSpAdaka hai, jabaki kAtantrakAra kI dRSTi meM karaNa aura adhikaraNa donoM kI mahattA hai, para adhikaraNa kI mahattA prathamataH isalie hai, kyoMki vahI vaha AdhAra prastuta karatA hai, jisa para kriyA ko niSpanna honA hai, jabaki karaNa kriyA ko niSpanna karane kA sAdhana banatA hai| vastutaH apAdAna aura sampradAna kI sthiti yadyapi ina donoM kI sattA kriyA ke niSpanna hone se vaicArika adhika hai| kriyA vastutaH gati pAtI hai adhikaraNa ke anantara aura pUrNa hotI hai kartA kI abhIpsita kriyA vAle kartA kI vivakSA ke pUrNa hone para, isIlie yaha krama AcAryoM ne kAraka ke vicAra karate samaya upasthita kiyA hai| isaprakAra spaSTa hai ki jaina saMskRta vyAkaraNoM meM aisI bahuzaH sAmagrI hai, jo jainetara saMskRta vyAkaraNoM meM nahIM hai aura usa sAmagrI se eka bhinna bhAratIya bhASika vicArasaraNi ke darzana hote haiM tathA kaI bAra pANini vyAkaraNa kI tulanA meM bhASA sIkhane meM kama samaya va kama zrama bhI lagatA hai aura bhinna vicAra-saraNi va bhinna vyAkaraNika prakriyA ke darzana hote haiM, ataH yadi isa sAmagrI ko adhyayana-adhyApana se dUra rakhA gayA, to nizcita rUpa se hama saMskRta vyAkaraNa-paramparA ke eka mahattvapUrNa aMza se vaMcita raha jAe~ge aura samagra bhAratIya vyAkaraNa paramparA se paricita na ho paaeNge| vyAkaraNa :: 581 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #591
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya DaoN. kamaleza jaina jaina santoM tathA anya granthakAroM ne bhAratIya vidyA kI vividha vidhAoM ko atyadhika samRddha kiyA hai| koza yA zabdakoza nirmANa ke kSetra meM bhI unakA yogadAna kama mahattva kA nahIM hai| bhAratIya vAGmaya meM zabdakozoM kI eka sudIrgha evaM vizAla paramparA milatI hai aura lagabhaga eka hajAra se bhI adhika zabdakozoM kI aba taka racanA ho cukI hai / ye zabdakoza bhArata kI vibhinna bhASAoM meM milate haiN| koza eka sandarbha-grantha ke samAna hotA hai, jisameM zabdarUpoM kA paricaya, uccAraNa, vyAkaraNanirdeza, vyutpatti, vyAkhyA, paryAya, liMga, artha, vAkya - vinyAsa tathA zabdoM kA varNAdi krama se saMyojana kiyA jAtA hai| koza kI AvazyakatA isalie bhI par3atI hai| ki usameM artha kA anuzAsana kiyA jAtA hai, isalie kisI zabda - vizeSa ke nizcita arthabodha ke lie koza kA paThana-pAThana jarUrI hotA hai| kucha TIkAkAroM ke anusAra, vyAkaraNa prAmANika hote hue bhI koza vizeSa balavAn hotA hai / unake mata se jisa zabda kI siddhi kisI vyAkaraNa ke vacana se nahIM hotI ho, usake sAdhutva kA bodha mAtra koza se kiyA jA sakatA hai| 582 :: jainadharma paricaya koza vyAvahArika sAhitya kA eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa aMga mAnA gayA hai| bhAratavarSa meM kozoM kA astitva bhI DhAI hajAra varSa se adhika purAnA hai aura yaha bhI satya hai ki usake pahale bhI bhAratIya paramparA prAcIna kAla meM maukhika calatI thI / ataH yaha kahanA bahuta kaThina hai ki koza kI yaha paramparA kaba se prArambha huI; parantu bhASika zabdoM kA avicchinna aMga hone se koza ko utanA hI prAcIna mAnanA cAhie jitanI ki bhASA / jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki jaina paramparA meM yuga- vizeSa ke anurUpa sAhitya sRjana kI pravRtti vizeSa rUpa se dekhI jAtI hai| isalie isa kathana meM kucha sacAI bhI hai ki 'prAkRta jainoM kI bhASA hai' parantu jaina granthakAroM ne bhAratavarSa kI prAya: sabhI pramukha bhASAoM meM sAhitya racanA kI aura isIlie vibhinna bhASAoM meM unake dvArA likhe gaye zabdakoza Adi Aja bhI upalabdha hote haiM / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #592
koza evaM usakA mahattva-koSa zabdAdisaMgraha ke anusAra zabdoM kA saMgraha koSa yA koza kahalAtA hai| koza meM vizeSa krama se zabdoM kA saMgraha hotA hai tathA usake adhyayana se zabdoM kI prakRti, vibhinna avayavoM evaM arthoM kA jJAna hotA hai| isa taraha zabdakoza kI prakRti ekArthaka, paryAyArthaka, yA niruktimUlaka zabdoM kA saMgraha ho sakatI hai, para saba kA abhiprAya zabda aura artha kA jJAna hI hotA hai| jisa prakAra zarIra meM zrotra-indriya kI mahattA hai, usI prakAra arthajJAna ke lie koza kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| isIlie nirukta (koza vizeSa) ko veda-puruSa kA zrotra kahA gayA hai-niruktaM zrotramucyate koza se zabdoM ke nizcita artha kA bodha hotA hai| arthajJAna ke binA vyakti mAtra zabdarUpa bhAra kA vAhaka hotA hai, usake phala kA adhikArI nahIM bana paataa| spaSTataH zabda ke arthagrahaNa meM zabdakoza kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hotI hai| zabdoM meM saMketagrahaNa kI yogyatA koza-sAhitya ke dvArA hI pratIta hotI hai| isIlie koza kI mahattA spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jaise rAjAoM yA rASTroM kA kArya koza (khajAnA) ke binA nahIM cala sakatA aura koza ke binA zAsana-sUtra ke saMcAlana meM bahuta kaThinAI hotI hai, usI prakAra vidvAnoM ko bhI zabda-koza ke binA artha-grahaNa meM kaThinAI hotI hai kozasyaiva mahIpAnAM kozasya vidussaampi| upayogo mahAneSa klezastena vinA bhvet|| jaina kozAdi kahane kA aucitya-jaba koza-vyAkaraNa Adi sarvopayogI aura sArvajanIna sAhitya hai, taba usake sAtha jaina, bauddha yA vaidika jaisI sAmpradAyikatA kI chApa kahA~ taka ucita hai? ...sAhitya meM sAmpradAyika bheda kyoM? ...isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki-(1) pratyeka darzana ke apane kucha vicAra evaM mAnyatAe~ hotI haiM aura ina mAnyatAoM ke anusAra usakI zabdAvalI bhI kucha aMzoM taka sAmpradAyika vAtAvaraNa se prabhAvita rahatI hai, ataH ina zabdoM kA tAttvika artha usa sampradAya ke abhyAsI hI samajha pAte haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadarzana ke prakAza meM zabdoM ke arthoM kA vivecana jaina kozoM meM hI sambhava hai| (2) pratyeka darzanaprasthAna yA paramparA meM AvazyakatAnusAra naye-naye zabdoM kA gaThana yA saMyojana kiyA jAtA hai| ataH purAnI yA pracalita zabdAvalI unake bhAvoM kI abhivyaMjanA meM saphala nahIM ho paatii| ataeva sAmpradAyika kozakAra uparyukta prakAra kI zabdAvaliyoM kA cayana karate haiN| jaina-paramparA ke vargaNA, jina, arhat, nAbhija Adi saikar3oM zabda haiM, jinake paryAyavAcI amarakoza, baijayantI, medinI, vizvaprakAza Adi kozoM meM nahIM haiN| ata: jaina kozakAroM ne sAdhAraNIkaraNa ke AdhAra para aise kozoM kA nirmANa kiyA, jo saba ke lie samAna rUpa se upayogI ho sakate haiN| (3) koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 583 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #593
sAmpradAyika kozoM kA eka uddezya yaha bhI hai ki apane sampradAya meM prayukta hone vAle pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA, saMkalana aura pratipAdana ho jaaye| (4) sAmpradAyika granthoM meM Aye vyaktiyoM ke nAma, vastuoM ke nAma tathA bhaugolika, aitihAsika evaM Agamika zabdAvaliyoM ke arthoM kA nirUpaNa bhI sAmpradAyika kozoM meM hI sambhava hai| (5) pratyeka dharma yA paramparA kA kisI eka bhASA vizeSa ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha pAyA jAtA hai, isalie bhASA-vizeSa sampradAya-vizeSa ke dharmagranthoM kI bhASA mAna lI jAtI hai| jaise-vaidika dharma ke lie saMskRta, bauddhadharma ke lie pAli aura jainadharma ke lie prAkRta / ataH sAmpradAyika kozakAra apane-apane dharma granthoM meM vyavahRta bhASA ke koza grantha bhI likhate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina kozakAroM ne saMskRta ke koza granthoM ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta aura dezI bhASAoM meM bhI koza-granthoM kI racanA kI hai| jaina koza sAhitya kA udbhava aura vikAsa- jaina mAnyatAnusAra, tIrthaMkarakRta dvAdazAMgavANI (12 vibhAgoM meM vargIkRta pravacana vizeSa) ke antargata sabhI prakAra kA jaina sAhitya saMnniviSTa ho jAtA hai, isalie koza viSayaka sAhitya bhI satyapravAdapUrva aura vidyAnuvAda kI pA~ca sau mahAvidyAoM meM eka akSara-vidyA meM samAhita hai| prArambha meM dvAdaza-aMga, caturdazapUrvo ke bhASya, cUrNiyA~, vRttiyA~ tathA vibhinna prakAra kI TIkAe~ hI koza-sAhitya kA kArya karatI rahI haiN| kAlAntara meM jaba cUrNiyoM, bhASyoM Adi se zabdArthoM kI pUrNataH jAnakArI nahIM ho sakI, to zabdakozoM kI AvazyakatA pratIta prApta ullekhoM/saMketoM ke anusAra spaSTa hotA hai ki jainaparamparA meM likhe gaye aneka koza-grantha Aja upalabdha nahIM haiM, ataH yaha kahanA atyanta kaThina hai ki sarvaprathama kauna-sA jaina koza likhA gyaa| isa viSaya meM DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI kA nimna kathana samucita pratIta hotA hai-"upalabdha jaina koza sAhitya meM dhanaJjaya kavi kI nAmamAlA hI sabase prAcIna koza hai| yadyapi IsA kI pA~cavIM aura chaThI zatAbdI meM koza kA svarUpa nizcita ho cukA thaa| saMghadAsagaNi kI vasudevahiMDI kI 'cattAri aTTa' vAlI gAthA ke 14 artha kie gaye haiN| ye nAnA artha hI anekArtha koza kI buniyAda haiN| jainoM meM pracalita dvisandhAna, catussandhAna, saptasandhAna, caturviMzatisandhAna-jaise anekArthaka kAvyoM kI paramparA isa bAta kA jvalanta pramANa hai ki jainoM meM koza-sAhitya kA sRjana bhASya aura vRttiyoM ke pazcAt kAla meM hI huA hogaa| anekArthaka sAhitya tabhI likhA jAtA hai, jaba kozoM meM zabdoM ke vibhinna artha nizcita kara lie jAte haiN| eka-eka zloka ke sau-sau arthoM kI abhivyaMjanA karanA sAdhAraNa bAta nahIM hai|" ___ yahA~ para jaina kozakAroM dvArA racita/sampAdita saMskRta, prAkRta tathA saMskRta-prAkRta mizra, dezI evaM apabhraMza viSayaka vibhinna kozoM kA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta kiyA 584 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #594
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jA rahA hai| nAmamAlA aparanAma dhanaJjayanAmamAlA - mahAkavi dhanaJjaya ( 813I.) ke tIna koza upalabdha haiM--1. nAmamAlA, 2. anekArthanAmamAlA, aura 3. anekArtha nighaMTu / inhoMne viSApahAra aura dvisandhAnakAvya bhI likhe haiM / inake sandhAna- kAvyoM kI aneka kaviyoM ne muktakaMTha se prazaMsA kI hai| nAmamAlA ke anta meM prApta padya se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi dhanaJjaya kI loka meM dvisandhAna - kavi ke rUpa meM kIrti vyApta thI pramANamakalaGkasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNam / dvisandhAnakaveH kAvyaM ratnatrayamapazcimam / / arthAt bhaTTa akalaMkadeva kA pramANazAstra, pUjyapAda devanandi kA lakSaNa (vyAkaraNa) zAstra aura dvisandhAnakavi kA kAvya, ye tInoM apUrva ratnatraya haiM / vAdirAjasUri ne apane pArzvanAthacarita ke prArambha meM dvisandhAna kAvya kI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai ki dhanaJjaya dvArA kahe gaye aneka sandhAna (artha bheda) vAle aura hRdaya sparzI vacana kAnoM ko hI priya kyoM lageMge, jabaki arjuna ke dvArA chor3e jAne vAle aneka lakSyoM ke bhedaka marmabhedI bANa karNa ko priya nahIM lagate / aneka bhedasandhAnAH khananto hRdaye muhu: / bANA dhanaJjayonmuktAH karNasyaiva priyAH kthm|| nAmamAlA - sarala aura sundara zailI meM likhA gayA eka saMskRta - koza hai| isameM vyavahAra meM prayukta hone vAle sabhI paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| isameM kavi ne 200 zlokoM meM saMskRta kI zabdAvalI kA cayana kiyA hai aura gAgara meM sAgara bharane kI yukti caritArtha kI hai| isa koza meM kisI eka zabda se anya zabda banAne kI prakriyA batAI gayI hai, jo apane-Apa meM nirAlI hai| kisI anya koza meM yaha paddhati dikhAI nahIM detii| isa paddhati kA bar3A lAbha yaha hai ki eka prakAra ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke jJAna se dUsare prakAra ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA jJAna sahajatayA ho jAtA hai| jaise- pRthvI ke nAmoM ke Age 'dhara' yA dhara ke paryAyavAcI zabda jor3a dene se vRkSa nAma ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra jala zabda ke Age 'svAmin' Adi zabda jor3a dene se machalI ke nAma, vRkSa zabda ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke Age 'cara' zabda jor3a dene se bandara ke nAma, jala zabda ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke Age 'prada' zabda jor3a dene se 'bAdala' ke nAma, 'udbhava' zabda jor3a dene para 'kamala' ke nAma, evaM 'dhara' jor3a dene se samudra ke nAma bana jAte haiM I isa prakAra mahAkavi dhanaJjaya ne apanI isa vaijJAnika paddhati dvArA isa koza ko koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya : : 585 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #595
adhika upayogI tathA lokapriya banAyA hai| koza meM kula 1700 saMskRta zabdoM ke artha diye gae haiN| nAmamAlA koza para amara kIrtikRta (samaya 15vIM zatI) bhASya bhI upalabdha hotA hai| isameM nAmamAlA ke samasta zabdoM kI vyutpattiyA~ kI gayI haiN| ina vyutpattiyoM se zabdoM kA sAMskRtika-itihAsa prastuta karane meM bahuta sahAyatA milatI hai| ____ anekArtha-nAmamAlA- yaha bhI mahAkavi dhanaJjaya kI racanA hai| isameM eka zabda ke aneka arthoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| koza meM mAtra 46 padya haiN| maMgalAcaraNa ke pazcAt kavi ne kahA hai ki kaviyoM kI hitakAmanA kI dRSTi se gambhIra, sundara, vicitra aura vyApaka artha ko prakaTa karane vAle kucha zabdoM kA nirUpaNa karatA hU~ gambhIraM ruciraM citraM vistiirnnaarthprkaashkm| zAbdaM manAk pravakSyAmi kavInAM hitkaamyyaa|| isa koza meM adya, aja, aMjana, akSa, Adi, ananta, anta, zabda, arka, iti kadalI, kambu, ketana, kIlAla, kaivalya, koTi, kSIra Adi sau zabdoM ke vibhinna arthoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| anekArtha nighaMTu- isakI racanA bhI mahAkavi dhanaJjaya ne kI hai| isa koza meM 238 zabdoM ke vibhinna arthoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| isameM zlokoM kI kula saMkhyA 154 hai, jinameM eka-eka zabda ke tIna-tIna, cAra-cAra artha batalAye gaye haiN| ___ pAiyalacchInAmamAlA (prAkRtalakSmInAmamAlA)- yaha prAkRtabhASA kA prathama upalabdha kozagrantha hai| isake racayitA kavi dhanapAla haiN| isa koza kI racanA vikramasaMvat 1029 meM dhArAnagarI meM huI thii| isase pUrva nighaMTu, amarakoza, halAyudha Adi aneka saMskRta ke koza-granthoM kI racanA ho cukI thii| pAiyalacchInAmamAlA meM zabdoM kA cayana akArAdi krama se na karake viSaya, samaya, sthAna Adi ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| jaise-prathama 1 se 7 gAthAoM meM vibhinna deva paryAyoM kA ullekha hai| 10vIM gAthA meM kamala zabda ke paryAyoM kA nirUpaNa hai| kamala bhauMrA kA priya hai, ataH 11vIM gAthA meM bhauMrA ke gyAraha nAma batAe gaye haiN| __isa koza meM kula 279 gAthAe~ haiN| prathama gAthA meM maMgalAcaraNa tathA grantha ke anta meM cAra gAthAoM meM kavi ne apanA paricaya diyA hai| zeSa 274 gAthAoM meM 998 zabdoM ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA saMkalana hai| isameM tIna prakAra ke zabdoM kA saMgraha hai-tatsama, tadbhava evaM deshy| inameM saMskRta vyutpattiyoM se siddha prAkRta zabdoM tathA dezI zabdoM kA saMkalana hai| jaise ki bhramara zabdoM ke paryAyavAcI dete hue likhA hai 586 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #596
phullaMdhuA rasAUbhiMgA bhasalA yA mahuarA alibo| iMdidirA durehA dhuagAyA chappayA bhamarA / / arthAt phullaMdhua, rasAU, bhiMga, bhasala, mahuara, ali, iMdidira, dureha, dhuagAya, chappaya aura bhamara, ye 11 nAma bhramara ke haiN| ina gyAraha nAmoM meM phullaMdhuya, rasAU, bhasala, iMdidira aura dhuagAya ye pA~ca zabda dezI haiN| aise to phullaMdhua kI vyutpatti puSpandhaya aura rasAU kI rasAyut se kI jA sakatI hai aura puSpandhaya kA artha bhI puSparasa kA pAna karane vAlA bhramara hogA, kintu ye donoM zabda dezI hI haiN| ___ isa koza meM 'sundara' zabda ke paryAyavAciyoM meM 'laTTha' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai, yaha bhI dezI zabda hai| isameM kucha aise bhI dezI zabda Aye haiM, jinakA prayoga Aja bhI lokabhASAoM meM hotA hai| jaise-alasa yA Alasa ke paryAyavAciyoM meM eka 'maTTha' zabda AyA hai| braja bhASA meM Aja bhI isa zabda kA prayoga 'AlasI' ke artha meM hotA hai| isI prakAra nUtana pallavoM ke lie kuMpala zabda milatA hai| yaha zabda bhI braja, bhojapurI aura khar3I bolI- ina tInoM meM prayukta hotA hai| isa prakAra isa koza meM aneka aise dezI zabda saMgRhIta haiM, jinakA prayoga Aja bhI Arya bhASAoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| koza ke anta meM pratyayoM ke artha batalAe gaye haiN| 'ira' pratyaya ko svabhAvasUcaka aura illa, itra, Ala pratyaya ko matvarthaka batAyA gayA hai| isa taraha kozakAra ne isa koza ko saba taraha se upayogI banAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| kozakAra dhanapAla ke bAda hemacandrasUri (IsavI 1088-1172) kA sthAna AtA hai| inhoMne sAhitya, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, koza, chanda Adi viSayoM para mahattvaparNa racanAe~ kii| rAjA siddharAja jayasiMha aura kumArapAla inakI vidvattA se bahuta prabhAvita the| unake agAdha pAMDitya ke kAraNa unheM 'kalikAlasarvajJa' jaisA viruda diyA gyaa| inake cAra koza-grantha prApta hote haiM-1. abhidhAnacintAmaNi, 2. anekArthasaMgraha, 3. nighaMTu aura 4.deshiinaammaalaa| inameM prathama tIna saMskRta ke koza haiM aura cauthA dezI zabdoM kA koza hai| nighaMTu kA viSaya vanaspati-zAstra hai| abhidhAnacintAmaNi- jaina paramparA meM isa koza kA vizeSa mahattva hai| saMskRta ke jaina kozoM meM yahI eka aisA koza hai, jisameM jainadharma-darzana sambandhI viSayoM kA vivecana hai| isameM tIrthaMkaroM ke nAma, pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke paryAyavAcI zabda, tIrthaMkaroM ke mAtA-pitA ke nAma, tIrthaMkaroM ke atizayoM kI nAmAvali, bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna kAlIna caubIsI, gaNadharoM ke nAma, tIrthaMkaroM ke dhvajacihna, antima kevalI, zrutakevalI, tIrthaMkaroM kI janmabhUmiyA~, jaina AmnAya dvArA samasta devagati, tiryaJcagati ke jIvoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 587 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #597
caturthakAMDa meM pRthvI, apa, tejas, vAyu aura vanaspati kAyika jIva-paryAya kA vistRta nirUpaNa hai| dvIndriya jIvoM kI nAmAvali cAra zlokoM meM dI gayI hai aura trIndriya, caturindriya aura asaMjJI paJcendriya jIvoM kI nAmAvalI bhI pUre vistAra ke sAtha 20 zlokoM meM varNita hai| yahA~ trasa aura sthAvaroM ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA vistAra itanA adhika hai ki saMskRta bhASA ke kisI bhI koza meM paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA utanA varNana nahIM miltaa| ____ abhidhAnacintAmaNi eka padyamaya koza hai, isameM kula chaha kAMDa haiN| pahalA kAMDa devAdhideva nAma kA hai, isameM 96 padya haiN| dUsare devakAMDa meM 250 padya haiN| tIsare bhartyakAMDa meM 598 padya haiN| cauthe bhUmikAMDa meM 423 padya haiN| pA~caveM nAraka kAMDa meM 6 padya haiM evaM chaThe sAmAnya kAMDa meM 179 padya haiN| isa taraha koza meM kula 1542 padya haiN| isa koza ke prArambha meM hI kozakAra ne rur3ha, yaugika aura mizra zabdoM ke paryAyavAcI zabda likhane kI pratijJA kI hai| sambandhoM meM sva-svAmi-bhAva, janya-janaka-bhAva, kArya-kAraka-bhAva, bhojya-bhojaka-bhAva, pati-kalatra-bhAva, vAhya-vAhaka-bhAva, jJAtisambandha, AzrayAzrayibhAva evaM vadhya-vadhakabhAva ko grahaNa kiyA gayA hai aura inhIM sambandhoM ke anusAra paryAya zabdoM kA kathana kiyA hai| tatpazcAt anyAnya vyutpattijanya paryAyoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| ___abhidhAnacintAmaNi meM kaI maulikatAe~ pAyI jAtI haiN| pahalI maulikatA yaha hai ki hemacandra ne dhanaJjaya ke samAna zabdayoga (mUla zabda meM dUsarA zabda jor3akara) se aneka paryAyavAcI zabdoM ko banAne kA vidhAna kiyA hai, parantu paddhati meM 'kaviruDhyA jJeyodAharaNAvalI' ke anusAra unhIM zabdoM ko grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, jo kavi-sampradAya meM pracalita haiN| jaise-pativAcaka zabdoM meM kAntA, priyatamA, vadhU, praNayinI evaM nibhA zabdoM ko yA inake samAna anya zabdoM ko jor3a dene se patnI ke nAma aura kalatra vAcaka zabdoM meM vara, ramaNa, praNayI evaM priya zabdoM ko yA inake samAna anya zabdoM ko jor3a dene se pati-vAcaka zabda bana jAte haiN| gaurI ke paryAyavAcI zabda banAne ke lie ziva zabda meM ukta zabda jor3ane para ziva-kAntA, ziva-priyatamA, ziva-vadhU, ziva-praNayinI Adi zabda banate haiN| isa koza kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM paryAyavAcI zabdoM kI saMkhyA bahuta hai| ___ anekArthaka saMgraha- abhidhAnacintAmaNi meM jahA~ hemacandra ne eka zabda ke aneka paryAyavAcI batAe haiM, vahA~ isa koza meM eka zabda ke aneka arthoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai| prakRta koza kI zailI bhI abhidhAna-cintAmaNi kI hI hai| grantha meM sAta kAMDa haiM, jinake kula 1931 zloka haiN| pahale ekasvara kAMDa meM 160 zloka, dUsare dvisvarakAMDa meM 608 zloka haiN| tIsare trisvarakAMDa meM 814 zloka haiN| cauthe catuHsvara kAMDa meM 359 588 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #598
zloka haiN| paMcama paJcasvara kAMDa meM 57 zloka haiN| chaThe SaTsvarakAMDa meM 7 zloka haiM tathA sAtaveM avyayakAMDa meM 68 zloka haiN| isa koza kA medinI aura vizvaprakAza koza para bahuta prabhAva pAyA jAtA hai| __ nighaMTu zeSa- yaha eka vanaspati koza hai| hemacandrakRta isa koza meM chaH kAMDa haiN| prathama vRkSakAMDa meM 181 zloka haiN| dvitIya gulmakAMDa meM 105 zloka haiN| tRtIya latAkAMDa meM 44 zloka haiN| caturtha zAkakAMDa meM 34 zloka haiN| paMcama tRNakAMDa meM 17 zloka haiM aura SaSTha dhAnyakAMDa meM 15 zloka haiN| nighaMTu kI kula zloka saMkhyA 396 hai| vaidyaka zAstra ke lie isa koza kI bahuta upayogitA hai| anekArtha saMgraha ke TIkAkAra ke anusAra, nighaMTu likhane ke samaya hemacandra ke samakSa dhanvantari nighaMTu, rAjakoza nighaMTu, sarasvatI nighaMTu Adi auSadhikoza vidyamAna the| hemacandra ne ukta sabhI kozoM kA manthana kara nayA nighaMTu taiyAra kiyA hai| DaoN. bullara ne ise eka zreSTha vanaspati koza (Botanical Dictionary) kahA hai| dezInAmamAlA- prAkRta dezI zabdoM ke jJAna ke lie yaha prathama koza hai| isa koza kI racanA kA prayojana batAte hue hemacandra ne likhA hai ki isakI racanA siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana ke aSTama adhyAyagata prAkRta bhASAoM ke vyAkaraNa kI pUrti hetu kI gayI hai iya rayaNAvaliNAmo dehIsaddANa-saMgaho eso| vAyaraNa sesaleso raiyo sirihemacandamuNivaiNA / / 8.77) dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki durbodha evaM duHsandarbhita zabdoM ke arthajJAna ke lie yaha grantha likhA gayA hai (1.3) / dezInAmamAlA ke do aura nAma milate haiM-desIsaddasaMgaho aura rynnaavli| sAmAnyataH prAkRta bhASA meM tIna prakAra ke zabda pAye jAte haiM-(1) tatsama arthAt saMskRta ke samAna, (2) tadbhava arthAt saMskRta se vikRta hokara Aye, aura (3) dezaja arthAt vyAkaraNa Adi saskAroM se rahita, kevala paramparA-prasiddha shbd| isa koza meM dezaja yA dezya zabdoM kA hI saMkalana hai| kozakAra ke anusAra, jo zabda na vyAkaraNa se siddha ho, na saMskRta kozoM meM prasiddha ho aura na lakSaNA zakti se siddha ho, use dezI kahate haiM (1.4) / dezInAmamAlA meM sabhI zabda dezI nahIM haiN| isameM saMkalita zabdoM kI kula saMkhyA 3978 hai, jinameM tatsama 100, saMzayayukta tadbhava 528, garbhitatadbhava 1850, aura avyutpAdita (dezI) zabda 1500 haiN| varNakrama se likhe gaye isa koza meM ATha adhyAya haiM aura kula 783 gAthAe~ haiN| jaise dhanapAlakavi kI pAiyalacchInAmamAlA prAkRta ke Arambhika abhyAsiyoM ke lie koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 589 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #599
upayogI hai, usI taraha yaha nAmamAlA praur3ha vidvAnoM ke lie bhI upayogI hai| dezInAmamAlA meM marAThI, kannar3a, gujarAtI, braja aura avadhI bhASA ke kaI zabda pAye jAte haiN| ataH prAkRta bhASA ke sAtha-sAtha anya prAdezika bhASAoM aura bolioM ke zabdoM ko avagata karane ke lie yaha koza bahuta upayogI hai| vastukoza- yaha koza vararuci, halAyudha, zAzvata, amarasiMha Adi ke kozoM ko dekhakara banAyA gayA hai| isake racayitA nAgavarma dvitIya haiN| isa koza meM kannar3a bhASA meM prayukta hone vAle saMskRta zabdoM kA artha padyamaya rUpa se kiyA gayA hai| isakA racanA kAla 1139-1149 IsavI hai| saMskRta-kannar3a kA yaha sabase bar3A koza mAnA jAtA ___ liGgAnuzAsana- yaha bhI hemacandra praNIta eka laghu abhidhAnakoza hai| isameM 138 zloka haiN| isake sAta vibhAga haiN| pahale puliMgAdhikAra meM 17, dUsare strIliMgAdhikAra meM 33, tIsare napuMsakaliMgAdhikAra meM 24, cauthe puMstrIliMgAdhikAra meM 12, pA~caveM punapuMsakaliMgAdhikAra meM 36, chaThe strInapuMsakaliMgAdhikAra meM 5 tathA svatastriliMgAdhikAra meM mAtra 6 zloka haiM, anta meM 5 zloka aura bhI haiN| usake bAda 38 zlokoM meM nibaddha 'ekAkSara koza' bhI hai, jisameM kevala eka akSara vAle zabdoM ke vividha arthoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vizvalocanakoza- zrIdharasena kRta isa koza kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isakA dUsarA nAma muktAvalikoza bhI hai| isakA racanA kAla 14vIM zatI hai| yaha koza vidyArthiyoM evaM praur3havidvAnoM ko samAna upayogI hai| aneka granthoM meM isake uddharaNa milate haiN| isa koza meM 245 zloka haiN| inameM svaravarNa aura kakAra Adi ke krama se zabdoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| sampAdaka ke anusAra, "saMskRta meM kaI nAnArtha koza haiM, parantu jahA~ taka hama jAnate hai ki koI bhI itanA bar3A aura itane adhika arthoM ko batalAne vAlA nahIM hai| isameM eka-eka zabda ko jitane arthoM kA vAcaka batalAyA hai, dUsaroM meM prAyaH isase kama hI batalAyA hai| nAmamAlA ziloMcha- jinadevasUri ne abhidhAnacintAmaNi ke pUraka ke rUpa meM vikrama saMvat 1433 meM isakI racanA kI thii| isameM 149 zloka haiN| zeSanAmamAlA- hemacandra kRta yaha koza pA~ca khaMDoM meM vibhakta hai| kula zloka saMkhyA 208 hai| pahale devAdhikAMDa meM 2, dUsare kAMDa meM 90, tIsare kAMDa meM 65, va cauthe kAMDa meM 40 aura pA~caveM nAraka kAMDa meM 2 tathA 9 anya zloka haiN| yaha lokapracalita zabdAvalI kA eka sundara saMgraha dikhAI detA hai| anekArtha dhvanimaMjarI- yaha eka laghukAya racanA hai| isake racayitA koI jaina muni haiN| isameM kula 224 zloka va tIna pariccheda haiN| prathama zlokAdhikAra meM 104, 590 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #600
dvitIya arddhazlokAdhikAra pariccheda meM 87 aura tRtIya padAdhikAra pariccheda meM 33 zloka haiN| yaha eka anekArthaka koza hai| isake prathama pariccheda meM eka zloka meM eka zabda ke aneka arthoM kA ullekha hai| dUsare pariccheda meM mAtra Adhe zloka meM hI zabda kA artha varNita hai aura tRtIya pariccheda meM cauthAI zloka meM eka zabda ke aneka artha nibaddha haiN| sAtha hI kucha navIna zabdoM kA saMkalana bhI isa koza meM milatA hai| dvirUpakoza nighaMTu- yaha harSa kavi kRta koza adyAvadhi aprakAzita hai| koza meM kula 230 zloka haiN| anumAnataH yaha kisI jaina kavi kI racanA hai| isakI tADapatrIya prati di.jaina maTha cittAmUra meM surakSita hai| ekAkSaranAmamAlA- yaha 115 zlokoM kI laghu racanA hai| isake racayitA jainamuni vizvazambhu haiN| isameM varNAdikrama se eka-eka varNa kA alaga-alaga artha batAyA gayA hai| uparyukta prasiddha evaM prAcIna saMskRta, prAkRta evaM dezI koza sAhitya ke atirikta kucha aise kozoM kI sUcanAe~ milatI haiN| inameM eka ekAkSara nAmamAlA ke lekhaka jinadattasUri ke ziSya amaracandra haiN| isameM eka-eka akSara kA varNamAlA krama se artha batalAyA gayA hai| dUsarI racanA rAjazekhara ke ziSya sudhAkailAzakRta hai; isameM mAtra 50 padya haiM; jinameM varNamAlA krama se eka-eka varNa kA pRthak-pRthak artha batalAyA gayA hai| eka anya ekAkSara nAmamAlA dhanaJjaya kI nAmamAlA meM amarakIrti-kRta bhASya ke sAtha prakAzita hai| isameM kula 19 zloka haiN| racanA sAdhAraNa hai| svaraviziSTa ekaeka akSara kA pRthak-pRthak artha batalAyA gayA hai| inake atirikta puruSottama devakRta trikAMDazeSa, hArAvalI aura ekAkSara koza ke bhI ullekha milate haiN| yadyapi ye racanAe~ abhI taka aprApta haiN| rAmacandrakRta 'dezya-nideza-nighaMTu' aura vimalasUriracita 'dezya zabda samuccaya' bhI upayogI haiN| saMvat 1640 meM vimalasUri ne dezInAmamAlA ke zabdoM kA sAra lekara akArAdikrama se dezyanidezanighaMTu kI racanA kii| puNyaratnasUrikRta dvayakSarakoza, asagakavikRta nAnArtha koza, rAmacandrakRta nAnArthasaMgraha evaM harSakIrtiracita nAmamAlA kI gaNanA bhI upayogI kozoM meM kI jAtI hai| __zabdaprabhedanAmamAlA athavA zabda-bheda-prakAza kI racanA mahezvara kavi ne kI hai| isakA eka pracalita nAma vizvaprakAza bhI hai| kharataragacchIya bhAnukesa ke ziSya jinavimala ne isakI vRtti saMvat 1654 meM likhii| sAdhukIrti upAdhyAya ke ziSya sAdhusundara gaNi ne zabdaratnAkara kI racanA kI hai| isa koza meM 6 kAMDa aura 1011 zloka haiN| tapAgacchIya sUracandra ke ziSya bhAnucandra ne nAmasaMgrahakoza kI racanA kI hai| harSakIrti sUri kI laghunAmamAlA bhI bhASA aura sAhitya ke abhyAsI ko upayogI kRtiyA~ haiN| dhanamitra racita eka nighaMTu kI sUcanA bhI milatI hai| anekArtha koza kI sUcanA madana parAjaya koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 591 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #601
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ke kartA ke nAma se milatI hai| inake alAvA amarakoza kI kaI jainaTIkAe~ bhI milatI haiM, jinameM AzAdhara kRta kriyAkalApa TIkA mahattvapUrNa hai| saMskRta, prAkRta bhASA ke kozoM ke atirikta jainAcAryoM / kozakAroM ne kannar3a, hindI Adi bhASAoM meM bhI kozoM kI racanA kI hai / kavi banArasIdAsa ne saMvat 1670 meM vijayAdazamI ke dina apane mitra narottama ke anurodha para hindI nAmamAlA rcii| isa racanA kA pramukha AdhAra dhanaJjayanAmamAlA hai, parantu yaha padyAnuvAda mAtra nahIM hai / kavi ne dUsare kaI kozagranthoM kA adhyayana kara ise saba taraha se upayogI banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| isameM kula 175 padya haiM, jinameM 350 viSayoM ke nAmoM kA sundara pratipAdana hai / ukti vyakti prakaraNa - yaha paM. dAmodara kRta 12vIM zatI kI racanA hai / isameM dezya zabdoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai| yaha racanA tatkAlIna lokabolI kA samyak paricaya detI hai / isa grantha kA dUsarA nAma prayogaprakAza bhI hai 1 uktiratnAkara - isake racayitA sundaragaNi haiM / isakI racanA 17vIM zatI meM huI / isameM dezyabhASA ke sabhI prakAra ke ukti-mUlaka prayogoM kA saMgraha hai / dezya bhASA ke saMskRtarUpa jAnane ke lie bhI yaha atyanta upayogI hai / uktiratnAkara kA eka anya nAma auktika pada hai| uparyukta saMskRta, prAkRta evaM dezya koza granthoM ke atirikta Adhunika yuga meM bhI vividha koza granthoM kA nirmANa huA hai| ina Adhunika kozoM kA prArambha unnIsavIM zatI se mAnA jA sakatA hai / yadyapi ina kozoM kI racanA - zailI kA AdhAra pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA nirmita koza rahe hai, tathApi bhAratIya kozakAroM dvArA AvazyakatA ke anusAra yathocita parivartana - parivardhana bhI hote rahe haiN| pichalI do zatAbdiyoM meM jaina santoM evaM anya vidvAnoM dvArA jainadarzana, prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza evaM anya kSetroM meM vibhinna kozoM kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai| abhidhAnarAjendrakoza- isa koza kA nirmANa zrI vijaya rAjendra sUri ne kiyA / isameM akArAdikrama se prAkRta zabda, saMskRta rUpa, tadanantara vyutpatti, liMganirdeza usake bAda usakA artha diyA gayA hai| koza kI zloka saMkhyA 450000 parimANa hai, jinameM 60000 prAkRta zabdoM kA saMkalana / vyAkhyAna hai / koza ke kula 10560 pRSTha haiM, jo sAta bhAgoM meM vibhAjita haiM / apane vizAla AkAra-prakAra ke kAraNa ise mahAkoza bhI kahA gayA hai| prakAzaka jaina prabhAkara priMTiMga presa, ratalAma ne isake sAta bhAga IsavI san 1910 se 1925 taka chApe haiN| isa koza kI apanI upayogitA evaM mahattA hai / kozakAra ne isameM prAkRta jaina Agama, vRtti, bhASya, niryukti, cUrNi Adi meM ullikhita siddhAnta, itihAsa, zilpa, vedAnta, nyAya, vaizeSika, mImAMsA Adi kA saMgraha kiyA hai| isa koza kI apanI sImA bhI hai| isameM mAtra ardhamAgadhI prAkRta jaina AgamoM kA upayoga 592 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #602
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI yaha eka uddharaNa koza jaisA bana gayA hai / isalie vidvAnoM ne isakI AlocanA bhI kI hai| pAisabuha (prAkRta zabdAmbudhi). - isake racayitA vijayarAjendrasUri haiM / racanAkAla 1899 IsavI hai| abhidhAnarAjendra ke lagabhaga eka dazaka bAda isakA sampAdana huA thA / yaha zabdakoza abhidhAna rAjendra kA hI laghu saMskaraNa hai / sambhavataH yaha aprakAzita hai| ardhamAgadhI koza - isa koza ke racayitA muni ratanacanda zatAvadhAnI haiN| yaha koza mUlata: gujarAtI meM likhA gayA thA aura isakA hindI evaM a~grejI rUpAntara anya vidvAnoM ne kiyA thaa| koza ke cAra bhAgoM meM pahalA bhAga san 1923 meM, dUsarA bhAga san 1927 meM, tIsarA bhAga san 1929 meM tathA cauthA bhAga san 1932 meM prakAza meM AyA / koza ke kula 3600 pRSTha haiN| prakRta koza kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM sabhI mUla uddharaNa diye gae haiN| ye uddharaNa saMkSipta hone para bhI upayogI haiN| isa koza meM vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, piMDaniryukti, oghaniyukti Adi granthoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI pratyeka zabda ke sAtha usakA vyAkaraNa bhI hai| pratyeka bhAga meM kucha citroM kA bhI saMyojana hai / ardhamAgadhI koza kA eka anya nAma An Illustrated Ardha - Magadhi Dictionary bhI hai| isakA prakAzana S.S. Jain Conference indaura dvArA huA / koza ke pariziSTa ke rUpa meM isakA pA~cavA~ bhAga bhI san 1838 meM niklaa| isameM ardhamAgadhI, dezI tathA mahArASTrI zabdoM kA saMskRta, gujarAtI, hindI aura a~grejI bhASAoM ke anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzana huA; parantu unakA vyAkaraNa yahA~ nahIM diyA gayA hai| yaha bhAga bhI lagabhaga 900 pRSThoM kA hai| muni zrI kA yaha zrama chAtroM, adhyApakoM tathA zodhakartAoM ke lie atyadhika upayogI hai| pAiyasaddamahaNNavo (prAkRtazabdamahArNavaH ) - yaha prAkRta bhASA kA mahattvapUrNa evaM upayogI koza hai| koza ke nirmAtA paM. haragovinda trivikramacandra seTha haiN| zrI seTha kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya meM saMskRta, prAkRta aura gujarAtI bhASA ke prAdhyApaka the / akele eka vyakti dvArA 14 varSoM ke kaThora parizrama se yaha prAmANika koza banAyA gyaa| sampAdaka ke anusAra, isameM prAkRta ke vividha bhedoM aura viSayoM ke jaina - jainetara sAhitya ke yatheSTa zabdoM kA saMkalana, Avazyaka avataraNoM se yukta, zuddha evaM prAmANika rIti se kiyA gayA hai| koza ke nirmANa meM lagabhaga 300 granthoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai / prAyaH pratyeka zabda ke sAtha sambaddha grantha kA pramANa diyA gayA hai| eka zabda ke jitane sambhAvita artha ho sakate haiM, unakA koza meM samAveza kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha meM prayukta prAyaH sabhI grantha zvetAmbara sampradAya se sambaddha haiM, tathApi yaha koza prAkRta bhASA mAtra ke lie upayogI hai| san 1928 meM jaba isakA prathama saMskaraNa nikalA thA, taba taka koza - paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 593 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #603
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bahuta kama prAkRta sAhitya prakAza meM A pAyA thA, kaI granthoM kA vidhivat sampAdana bhI nahIM huA thA, ataeva adyatana saMskaraNa nikAlane kI AvazyakatA hai| purAtana jaina vAkya -: - sUcI - yaha eka vizeSa prakAra kA koza - grantha hai| isake sampAdaka paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra haiN| isa koza meM 64 mUla granthoM ke padya yA vAkya akArAdi krama se saMyojita haiN| sAtha hI isameM 48 TIkAdi vyAkhyAtmaka granthoM meM uddhRta prAkRta padya bhI saMgRhIta haiN| isa taraha isa koza meM 25352 prAkRta padyoM kI anukramaNikA hai| koza ke AdhArabhUta grantha prAyaH digambara paramparA ke haiN| san 1950 meM vIra sevA mandira se isakA prakAzana huaa| prArambha meM 168 pRSThoM kI mahattvapUrNa prastAvanA hai, jisameM sampAdaka ne upayukta granthoM aura granthakAroM ke samaya va yogadAna para adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai| jainavidyA ke zodhakartAoM ke lie yaha grantha bahuta upayogI hai| jaina - grantha- prazasti saMgraha - yaha bhI eka viziSTa koza hai| isakA prakAzana do bhAgoM meM vIra sevA mandira se huA / prathama bhAga kA prakAzana san 1954 meM paM. paramAnanda zAstrI ke sahayoga se paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra ke sampAdakatva meM huA / isameM prAkRta, saMskRta bhASAoM ke 171 granthoM kI prazastiyoM kA saMkalana hai| ina prazastiyoM kA aitihAsika evaM sAMskRtika dRSTi se bahuta mahattva hai / inameM saMgha, gaNa, gaccha, vaMza, guruparamparA, sthAna, samaya Adi kA vivaraNa milatA hai| isa bhAga meM kucha pariziSTa die gaye haiM, jinameM prazasti meM Aye bhaugolika nAmoM, saMghoM, gaNoM, gacchoM, sthAnoM, rAjAoM, rAjamantriyoM, vidvAnoM, AcAryoM, bhaTTArakoM tathA zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ke nAmoM kI sUcI Adi akArAdikrama se saMyojita kI gayI hai| prathama bhAga ke lie paM. paramAnanda zAstrI dvArA likhita prastAvanA ( pRSTha 1-113) adhika mahattvapUrNa hai / prazastisaMgraha ke dvitIya bhAga kA prakAzana san 1963 meM vIra sevA mandira, dehalI se huaa| isameM vizeSakara apabhraMza granthoM kI 122 prazastiyA~ saMkalita haiN| ye prazastiyA~ sAhitya aura itihAsa ke sAtha hI sAmAjika aura dhArmika rIti-rivAjoM para gaharA prakAza haiM / isakI adhikAMza prazastiyA~ aprakAzita hastalikhita granthoM se lI gayIM hai grantha meM kucha pariziSTa haiM, jinameM bhaugolika, grAma, nagara, nAma, saMgha, gaNa, gaccha, rAjA Adi ko akArAdi krama se rakhA gayA hai| sampAdaka paM. paramAnanda zAstrI kI 150 pRSThIya prastAvanA bahuta upayogI hai| 1 prazasti-saMgraha -- isakA sampAdaka paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI dvArA kiyA gayA / vi. saM. 1909 meM jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA se isakA prakAzana huaa| isameM 39 granthakAroM dvArA likhita prazastiyA~ aura sAtha meM unakA saMkSipta sArAMza hindI meM diyA gayA hai| jaina jema DikzanarI (Jain Gem Dictionary) - isakA sampAdana jugamandharalAla jaina (je. ela. jainI) ne kiyA thaa| san 1919 meM ArA se isakA prakAzana huaa| jaina 594 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #604
dharma-darzana ko aMgrejI mAdhyama meM prastuta karane meM zrI jainI kA mahattvapUrNa evaM avismaraNIya yogadAna hai| jaina pAribhASikoM ko samajhane ke lie yaha eka pratinidhi grantha hai| isa koza kA uddezya eka hI jaina pAribhASika ke vibhinna anuvAdoM meM bhinna-bhinna aMgrejI paryAyoM se bacAva karake ekarUpatA paidA karanA hai aura jaina-jainetara pAThakoM ke mana meM sambhAvita duvidhA yA bhrAnti kA nivAraNa karanA hai| isakA mUla AdhAra paM. gopAladAsa baraiyAkRta jaina siddhAnta pravezikA mAnI jAtI hai| bRhajjaina zabdArNava- yaha koza bI.ela.jaina aura zItalaprasAda jaina ne taiyAra kiyA thaa| isakA san 1924 aura 1934 meM do bhAgoM meM prakAzana kiyA gyaa| jaina kakko - yaha eka laghu koza hai| isake lekhaka balabhI chaganalAla haiN| isakA prakAzana ahamadAbAda se huA thaa| isa koza meM prAkRta zabdoM kA gujarAtI meM anuvAda kiyA gayA hai| igliMza prAkRta DikzanarI- isakI racanA eca.Ara. kApaDiyA ne kI thii| san 1941 meM sUrata se isakA prakAzana huA thaa| ___ alpaparicita saiddhAntika zabdakoza- isa koza kA nirmANa AnandasAgara sUri dvArA kiyA gyaa| san 1954 meM isakA pahalA bhAga sUrata se prakAzita huaa| isa koza meM jaina saiddhAntika zabdoM ko saMkSepa meM vizleSita kiyA gayA hai| bAda meM isake tIna bhAga aura prakAzita hue| lezyAkoza- isa koza ke sampAdaka mohanalAla bAMThiyA aura zrIcanda coraDiyA haiN| san 1966 meM kalakattA se isakA prakAzana huaa| isameM sampUrNa jaina vAGmaya ko sArvabhaumika dazamalava vargIkaraNa paddhati se 100 vargoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai aura AvazyakatA ke anusAra use yatra-tatra parivartita bhI kiyA gayA hai| mUla viSayoM meM se aneka viSayoM ke upaviSayoM kI sUcI bhI isameM dI gayI hai| grantha ke prastutIkaraNa ke tIna AdhAra haiM- 1. pAThoM kA milAna, 2. viSaya ke upaviSayoM kA vargIkaraNa tathA 3. hindI anuvaad| mUla pATha ko spaSTa karane ke lie TIkAkAroM kA AdhAra liyA gayA hai| yadyapi isa saMkalana ko zvetAmbara Agama-granthoM taka sImita rakhA gayA hai, tathApi sampAdana, vargIkaraNa tathA anuvAda ke kArya meM niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi, vRtti Adi vyAkhyAoM tathA siddhAnta-granthoM kA yathocita upayoga huA hai| koza meM 43 granthoM kA upayoga huA hai| sampAdaka ne digambara-sampradAya-gata granthoM ke AdhAra para svatantra lezyAkoza prakAzita karane kA sujhAva diyA hai| vidvad vinodinI- isakA saMkalana evaM sampAdana bhAgacandra jaina bhAskara ne kiyA hai| isameM saMskRta, pAli, prAkRta, hindI aura gujarAtI sAhitya meM upalabdha prahelikAoM koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 595 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #605
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai| isakA prakAzana amola jaina jJAnAlaya, dhUliyA~ se san 1968 meM huaa| kriyAkoza - isa grantha ke bhI sampAdaka mohanalAla bAMThiyA aura zrI canda corar3iyA haiN| san 1969 meM jainadarzana samiti kalakattA ne isakA prakAzana kiyA hai / isa koza kA saMkalana bhI dazamalava vargIkaraNa ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai aura unake upaviSayoM kI eka lambI sUcI hai| kriyA ke sAtha karma viSayaka sUcanAe~ bhI isameM dI gayI haiM / lezyA-koza ke samAna isake sampAdana ke bhI tIna AdhAra haiN| kriyA koza meM 45 zvetAmbara AgamoM kA upayoga huA hai / kucha digambara paramparA ke AgamoM kA bhI upayoga huA hai| jainendrasiddhAnta koza- isa koza ke racayitA kSullaka jinendra varNI haiN| koza kA prakAzana bhAratIya jJAnapITha ne cAra bhAgoM meM san 1970 se 1973 ke bIca kiyA / isameM jaina tattvajJAna, AcArazAstra, karmasiddhAnta, bhUgola, aitihAsika va paurANika vyakti, rAjavaMza, Agama, zAstra va zAstrakAra, dhArmika va dArzanika sampradAya Adi se sambaddha lagabhaga 6000 zabda tathA 2100 viSayoM kA sAMgopAMga vivecana kiyA gayA hai| koza kI sAmagrI saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza meM likhita lagabhaga 100 prAcIna granthoM se lI gayI hai| mUlasandarbha evaM uddharaNa ke sAtha-sAtha hindI anuvAda bhI diyA gayA hai| koza meM Avazyaka rekhAcitra tathA sAraNiyA~ dI gayI haiM, jisase viSaya aura adhika spaSTa ho gayA hai| viSaya, prastuti aura mudraNa kI dRSTi se yaha koza sarvAdhika lokapriya evaM sandarbha grantha bana gayA hai| koza meM adhikatara digambara sampradAya ke granthoM kA upayoga huA hai| koza ke pariziSTa ke rUpa meM pA~cavA~ bhAga bhI nikalA hai| isameM cAroM bhAgoM ke zabdoM-viSayoM kA sandarbha sahita vistRta vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| eDikzanarI oNpha prAkRta prApara nemsa- isa koza kA sampAdana mohanalAla mehatA aura ke. Ara. candra ne milakara kiyaa| san 1972 meM ela. DI. iMsTITyUTa oNpha iMDolaoNjI, ahamadAbAda ne ise do bhAgoM meM prakAzita kiyA hai| yaha koza jaina sAhitya vizeSatayA ardhamAgadhI (zvetAmbara) AgamoM meM ullikhita vyaktigata nAmoM ke sandarbha meM prAmANika jAnakArI prastuta karatA hai / isa dRSTi se digambara sampradAya ke sAhitya ko lekara aisA eka koza nitAnta apekSita hai / jaina lakSaNAvalI - yaha eka jaina pAribhASika- koza hai| isakA sampAdana bAlacandra zAstrI ne kiyA / isa koza meM lagabhaga 400 digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAya ke granthoM se una zabdoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai, jo pAribhASika haiM, arthAt jinakI kucha na kucha paribhASA upalabdha hotI hai| jainadarzana ke sandarbha meM yaha eka mAtra aisA paribhASA - 596 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #606
koza hai, jisameM eka hI sthAna para vikAsakrama kI dRSTi se paribhASAe~ prastuta kI gayI haiN| sAtha hI pratyeka zabda ke sAtha vizeSa paribhASAoM kA hindI anuvAda kramasaMkhyA ke sAtha diyA gayA hai| akArAdikrama se tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta koza kA prakAzana kramaza: IsvI 1972, 1975 evaM 1981 huaa| __ Agama zabda koza- (prAkRta)-bhAga-1, jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM dvArA san 1980 meM isa koza kA prakAzana huaa| isameM AcArAMgAdi 11 AgamoM meM Aye zabdoM kA saMgraha hai| sAtha hI una-una AgamoM kA sthAna-nirdeza isameM kiyA gayA hai| __ jaina bibliyogrAphI : yUnivarsala ensAyaklopIDiyA oNpha jaina repharensajaina sandarbho kI dRSTi se yaha eka mahattvapUrNa koza (vizvakoza) hai| mUlataH isa koza kI yojanA evaM sAmagrI kA saMkalana san 1945 meM bAbU choTelAla jI ne kiyA thaa| bAda meM isakA saMzodhana evaM sampAdana A.ne. upAdhye dvArA kiyA gayA aura 1982 meM isakA dvitIya saMzodhita saMskaraNa niklaa| isa koza meM deza-videza meM prakAzita granthoM aura patrikAoM se aise sandarbho ko viSayAnusAra ekatrita kiyA gayA hai, jinameM jainadharma evaM saMskRti se sambaddha kisI bhI prakAra kI sAmagrI prakAzita hai| kozagata sAmagrI ko ATha vibhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA hai| yaha koza do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| donoM bhAgoM kI praviSTiyA~ 2916 haiN| kula pRSTha saMkhyA 1918 hai| pahalA bhAga 1044 pRSThoM meM pUrA hotA hai| zeSa pRSTha dUsare bhAga ke haiN| niHsandeha yaha koza bhAratIya, vizeSataH jaina saMskRti se sambaddha zodhakArya hetu upayogI sandarbha-grantha hai| ise adyatana karane kI AvazyakatA hai| nirukta-koza- (prAkRta)-ardhamAgadhI AgamoM meM prayukta prAkRta zabdoM kA artha jAnane ke lie yaha koza adhika upayogI hai| koza ke sampAdana-nirdezaka AcArya mahAprajJa haiN| I. san 1984 meM ise jainavizvabhAratI, lADanUM ne prakAzita kiyA hai| dezI zabda-koza- hemacandrasUri praNIta dezInAmamAlA ke dezya zabdoM ke arthajJAna ke lie uttama racanA hai| isa koza kA sampAdana nirdezana AcArya mahAprajJa ne kiyA hai| I. san 1988 meM jainavizva bhAratI, lADanUM se isakA prakAzana huA hai| 439 pRSThIya isa koza meM lagabhaga 10,000 zabda sandarbha-sahita saMgRhIta haiN| __apabhraMza hindI koza- apabhraMza jaina sAhitya kI pramukha bhASAoM meM eka hai, parantu apabhraMza kA koI svatantraya koza nahIM miltaa| prAkRta kozoM se hI isakA kAma calAyA jAtA hai| vastutaH prAkRta koza se apabhraMza koza kI pUrti hotI nahIM hai| apabhraMza ke kSetra meM sambhavataH yaha eka pahalA svatantra koza hai| isake sampAdaka DaoN. narezakumAra haiN| 869 pRSThIya isa koza meM 23000 zabda vizleSita haiN| isa koza koza-paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 597 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #607
meM mUla apabhraMza zabda, saMskRta rUpa, vyutpatti, artha aura apekSita sandarbha Adi prAmANikatA se prastuta kiye gae haiN| isakA prathama saMskaraNa 1987 I. meM prakAzita huaa| dvitIya saMzodhita evaM vistRta saMskaraNa san 1999 I. meM niklaa| isa koza kA prakAzana DI.ke. priMTavarlDa (prA.) li., nayI dillI dvArA huA hai| sAmAnyataH yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki prAkRta ke kozoM se hI apabhraMza ke adhyayana meM sahAyatA mila jAtI hai, parantu kaI vidvAnoM kA yaha saghana anubhava hai ki apabhraMza ke saikar3oM aise zabda haiM, jinakA artha prAkRta ke zabda se alaga hai| ataH apabhraMza bhASA ke svatantra koza kI apekSA nirantara banI rhii| isa prakAzana se ukta kamI kI eka hada taka pUrti ho gayI hai| DaoN. devendra kumAra jaina zAstrI bhI apabhraMza koza hetu kArya kara rahe the; parantu unake divaMgata ho jAne para vaha kArya kahA~, kisa sthiti meM hai? use prakAza meM AnA caahie| prAkRta hindI koza- yaha pAiyasaddamahaNNavo kA eka saMkSipta aura apekSAkRta laghukAya saMskaraNa hai| isakA sampAdana DaoN. ke. Ara. candra ne kiyA hai| isameM bRhatkAya pAiyasaddamahaNNavo ke adhika upayogI evaM mahattvapUrNa zabdoM kA saMkalana hai| IsvI san 1987 meM prAkRta jaina vikAsa phaMDa, ahamadAbAda ne isakA prakAzana kiyaa| DikzanarI oNpha prAkRta leMgveja- yaha eka mahattvAkAMkSI vizAla yojanA hai| bhaMDArakara zodha saMsthAna, pUnA dvArA lagabhaga 2 dazaka pUrva yaha kArya prArambha huA thaa| bahuta samaya taka pro. ghATage ke kuzala nirdezana meM yaha kArya claa| aba taka isa koza ke 1800 (a se U varNa taka) pRSTha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| isa koza meM prAkRta zabdoM kA aitihAsika dRSTi se adhyayana prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| kundakunda koza- yaha eka laghukAya jebI koza hai| isake sampAdaka DaoN. udayacandra jaina udayapura haiN| AcArya kundakunda ke sAhitya ko AdhAra banAkara isakI racanA kI gayI hai| jaina paramparA meM sambhavataH yaha prathama koza hai, jisameM kisI eka AcArya/lekhaka kI kRtiyoM ko AdhAra banAyA gayA hai| isa koza kA prakAzana zrI digambara jaina sAhitya saMrakSaNa samiti, vivekavihAra dillI dvArA vIra nirvANa saMvat 2517 (I. 1991) meM huaa| prAkRta hindI zabdakoza- isa koza ke sampAdaka bhI DaoN. udayacandra jaina, udayapura haiN| yaha koza do bhAgoM meM prakAzita hai| isa koza meM vividha sAhitya se zabdoM kA cayana karake unheM saMyojita kiyA gayA hai| vizeSakara zaurasenI prAkRta ke zabdoM ko dekhane-samajhane kI dRSTi se yaha koza upayogI hai| isakA prakAzana san 2005 meM nyU bhAratIya buka kAraporezana, dillI ne kiyA hai| sudhAsAgara hindI iMgliza DikzanarI- isake sampAdaka DaoN. ramezacandra jaina, 598 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #608
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bijanaura haiN| yaha eka pAribhASika koza hai| isameM pratyeka pAribhASika kA vizleSaNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai / RSabhadeva jaina granthamAlA, sAMgAnera, jayapura se isakA prakAzana huA hai| mUlAcAra vasunandi pAribhASika koza - isameM mUlAcAra kI vasunandikRta vyAkhyA ke AdhAra para pAribhASikoM kI vyAkhyA dI gayI hai| isa koza ke sampAdaka bhI DaoN. ramezacandra jaina, bijanaura haiN| inake dvArA SaTkhaMDAgama-dhavalA - jIvaTThANa koza ke rUpa meM eka anya pAribhASika koza kA kArya pragati para hai I jaina uddharaNa koza - yaha eka vizeSaprakAra kA koza hai| isameM digambara evaM zvetAmbara sampradAya ke vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya se uddharaNoM kA cayana evaM saMkalana kara unheM akArAdi krama se saMyojita kiyA gayA hai| mUlataH yaha kArya bI. ela. iMsTITyUTa oNpha iMDolaoNjI, dillI kI zodha evaM prakAzana yojanA se sambaddha hai / isa koza kI sAmagrI kA saMkalana evaM sampAdana prakRta Alekha ke lekhaka ne svayaM kiyA hai| ukta koza ko tIna yA cAra bhAgoM meM prakAzita karane kA prastAva hai| isakA pahalA bhAga san 2003 meM bI.ela.AI. evaM ema. ela. bI. DI. dvArA prakAzita ho cukA hai| isameM IsavI cauthI zatI se 9vIM zatI taka ke vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya se lagabhaga 11000 uddharaNoM kA saMyojana hai| dUsarA bhAga bhI san 2010 meM isI saMsthAna se prakAzita ho cukA hai| isameM IsavI 10-12 zatI ke sAhitya se lagabhaga 12000 uddharaNoM kA saMkalana hai / koza kA tIsarA bhAga mudraNAdhIna hai| yaha koza aitihAsika evaM sAMskRtika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai, kyoMki isameM jaina paramparA ke vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya meM uddhRta vaidika, jaina aura bauddha paramparA ke prApta va aprApta granthoM athavA granthakAroM ke uddharaNa saMyojita haiM / bhikSu Agama viSaya koza - isa koza meM Agama ke viSayoM ko saMgRhIta kiyA gayA hai| isakA prathama bhAga I. san 1996 meM jaina vizvabhAratI se prakAzita huaa| jisameM ardhamAgadhI (zvetAmbara) paramparA meM mAnya pA~ca AgamoM- Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana, nandI aura anuyogadvAra tathA inake vyAkhyA granthoM ke AdhAra para viSayoM kA vyAkhyAna mUla- sandarbha tathA hindI anuvAda sahita kiyA gayA hai| isa koza ke dUsare bhAgoM meM AcAracUlA, nizItha, dazA, kalpa aura vyavahAra tathA inake vyAkhyA-granthoM ke AdhAra para viSayoM kA vizleSaNa hai| vizeSatA yaha hai ki unakA mUla pATha evaM hindI anuvAda sAtha meM hai| isa bhAga kA prakAzana I. 2005 meM huaa| Age kA kArya para hai| yaha eka mahattvapUrNa evaM upayogI koza hai| jaina pAribhASika zabdakoza- isakA prakAzana jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya, lADanU~ se san 2009 meM huA hai| isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa koza meM zvetAmbara koza - paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 599 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #609
aura digambara donoM paramparAoM ke granthoM kA upayoga huA hai| yaha zabdakoza kA hindI saMskaraNa hai| isakA saMskaraNa bhI prakAzita huA hai| isa koza meM pAribhASika, usakA mUlapATha, evaM hindI anuvAda diyA gayA hai| yaha eka mahattvapUrNa koza hai| ___ahiMsA vizvakoza- isake sampAdaka nandakizora AcArya haiN| prakAzaka prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI jayapura evaM bhaMvaralAla-kAMtAbAI jaina malTI parpaja phAuMDezana, jalagA~va hai| isakA prathama saMskaraNa 2010 I0 hai| isa vizvakoza meM vibhinna dharmoM aura darzanoM meM vikasita ahiMsA ke siddhAnta haiN| isameM ahiMsA ke vibhinna AyAma prastuta kiye gaye haiN| yahA~ para aparigraha vizvakoza para kArya cala rahA hai| __muni dIpasAgarakRta Agama saddakoso, jinezvara sUri kRta kathAkozaprakaraNa, jinaratnakoza bhA-1, jaina kriyAkoza, nAnArthodaya sAgara koza- ghAsIlAla jI kRta, AryikA candanAmatI kRta bhagavAna mahAvIra hindI aMgrejI jainazabdakoza, AryikA vizuddhamatI kRta-ratnatraya pAribhASika koza, Encyclopaedia of Jainism-P.C. Nahar, K.C. Ghosal, Encyclopaedia of Jainis-Nagendra Kumar Singh. muni rAkeza kumAra kRta jaina yoga pAribhASika zabdakoza, pudgala koza-bAMThiyAkRta, vardhamAna jIvana koza-bAMThiyAkRta, yogakoza bhAga 1-2, ekArthaka koza, jaina Agama vanaspati koza, jaina Agama prANI koza, jaina Agama vAdya koza Adi bhI hai| ye koza pratyakSataH dekha nahIM pAne se unake vizeSa paricaya nahIM diye jA rahe haiN| jaina purANakoza- jaina vidyA saMsthAna, digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIra jI dvArA san 1993 meM isakA prakAzana huaa| isameM 12609 nAma saMkalita haiN| isameM pAribhASika tathA saMjJA zabdoM kA vyAkhyAsahita saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| isa koza kA AdhAra padmapurANa, mahApurANa, harivaMza purANa, pAMDava purANa aura vIravardhamAna carita ye pA~ca purANa haiN| ___ isa prakAra jaina santoM evaM anya granthakAroM dvArA prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, dezI tathA Adhunika bhASAoM ke prAcIna va Adhunika kozAdi granthoM kA yaha saMkSipta vivaraNa hai| vartamAna meM bhI aneka vidvAnoM, saMsthAnoM dvArA jaina-darzana-viSayaka kozoM evaM vizvakozoM para kArya cala rahe haiN| isa Alekha meM yaha dRSTi aura prayatna rahA hai ki jaina paramparA se sambaddha kisI bhI prakAzita-aprakAzita, upalabdha-anupalabdha koza grantha kA nyUna yA adhika paricaya eka sthAna para mila jaaye| niSkarSa rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina paramparA meM koza praNayana kI eka vistRta zrRMkhalA hai, jisase bhAratIya vAGmaya samRddha evaM gauravazAlI banA hai| jaina santoM, vidvAnoM ne bhArata kI vibhinna bhASAoM meM vividha prakAra ke kozoM kA nirmANa karake vividha 600 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #610
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir apekSAoM/AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti kI hai| koza- lekhana kI yaha paramparA prAcIna kAla se Aja taka nyUnAdhika rUpa meM nirantara gatimAna hai| sahAyaka grantha sUcI 1. saMskRta prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA - AcArya zrI maghavA nirvANa zatAbdI mahotsava vyavasthA samiti, saradAra zahara, rAjasthAna, dvitIya saMskaraNa, san 1993 | 2. bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa meM jaina vADmaya kA avadAna, prathamakhaMDa, akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad, IsvI san 1982 (jaina koza sAhitya, pRSTha 177-190) / 3. prAkRta sAhitya aura bhAratIya paramparAe~, prAkRta adhyayana granthamAlA 1, IsvI san 2010, ( prAkRta koza sAhitya paramparA, pRSTha 389 - 403) / 4. apabhraMza hindI koza, sampAdaka- nareza kumAra, prakAzaka-mudraka - DI. ke. priMTavarlDa (prA.) li., naI dillI, I. san 1999 5. prAkRta hindI zabdakoza, sampAdaka- udayacandra jaina, nyU bhAratIya buka kAraporezana, dillI 'a' se 'na', prathama bhAga I. 2005, ('pa' se 'ha' bhAga 2 ) I. 2005 6. vRhad saMskRta hindI zabda koza, bhAga 1-3, sampAdaka - udayacandra jaina, nyU bhAratIya buka kAraporezana, dillI, 2006 7. jaina pAribhASika zabdakoza (hindI saMskaraNa) mukhya sampAdaka - yuvAcArya mahAzramaNa, sampA. sAdhvI vizruta vibhA. jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanU~, I. san 2009 8. ahiMsA vizvakoza, sampAdaka- nandakizora AcArya, prAkRta bhAratI puSpa 284, jayapura, san 2010 koza - paramparA evaM sAhitya :: 601 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #611
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra DaoN. kamaleza kumAra jaina saMskRta alaMkArazAstra ke kSetra meM jainadharma ke anuyAyI saMskRtajJoM kI sevA vizeSa mahattva rakhatI hai| sampradAyagata bheda ke hote hue bhI jaina AcAryoM ne darzanAdi dUsare viSayoM ke anurUpa alaMkArazAstra - sambandhI cintana meM pUrNarUpeNa sAdhikAra yogadAna kiyA hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki unake dvArA racita aneka grantha upalabdha hote haiM, jinake manana ke binA saMskRta alaMkArazAstroM kI pUrNatA aura vyApakatA kA jJAna sambhava nahIM hai / ina AcAryoM ne pratiSThita alaMkAra-sambandhI siddhAntoM kA maulika DhaMga se vivecana kiyA hai aura kAvya ke sabhI upAdAnoM para vicAra prastuta kiye haiM / ataH saMskRta alaMkArazAstra meM jainAcAryoM kI dena mahattvapUrNa hai / prAcInatama AcArya bharatamuni ke nATya sampradAya, bhAmaha tathA udbhaTa ke alaMkAra sampradAya, daNDI aura vAmana ke guNa - rIti sampradAya tathA antima dhvanikAra ke dhvanisampradAya Adi alaMkAra - zAstra ke yahI pramukha prasthAna arthAt sampradAya haiM / yadyapi jainAcAryoM (AlaMkArikoM) ne kisI naye sampradAya kA prArambha nahIM kiyA, phira bhI ina sabhI sampradAyoM kI mAnyatAoM kA pUrNAMga mUlyAMkana unake granthoM kI advitIya vilakSaNatA I For Private And Personal Use Only yahA~ sabhI jaina- AlaMkArikoM kA kAlAnukramika paricaya tathA unakI kRtiyoM kA ullekha karate hue alaMkArazAstra meM unake yogadAna ko rekhAMkita kiyA jA rahA hai| kala kI dRSTi se prathama AcArya AryarakSita IsA kI prathama zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM aura antima AcArya siddhicandragaNi IsA kI solahavIM zatI ke haiN| inake atirikta anya kaI TIkAkAra hue haiM, jinakI paramparA aThArahavIM zatI taka milatI hai| ina AcAryoM meM ArakSita vizuddha AlaMkArika nahIM haiM, phira bhI unakA samAveza isalie kiyA gayA hai ki inakI kRti meM prasaMgavaza alaMkArazAstra ke kucha mahattvapUrNa tathya upalabdha hote haiM / prasaMga ke bhinna hone para bhI unake dvArA pratipAdita tathya sAhitya ke lie upayogI siddha hote haiM / ataH unakA vivecana vAMchanIya hai / isa paramparA meM dUsare haiM 'alaMkAradappaNa' ke racayitA ajJAtanAmA AcArya / prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hone para bhI 'alaMkAra602 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #612
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dappaNa' kA vizeSa mahattva hai, kyoMki isameM alaMkAra - sambandhI vivecana saMskRta kI hI paramparA ke anusAra kiyA gayA hai| prathama zatI ke AryarakSita aura ekAdaza zatI ke alaMkAradappaNakAra ke anantara hama vAgbhaTa - prathama se zurU hone vAle jaina AlaMkArikoM kI paramparA meM praveza karate haiM / yaha paramparA dvAdaza zatAbdI se avicchinna calatI hai| paricayAtmaka vivaraNa prArambha karane ke pUrva yaha ullekhanIya hai ki dharma kI dRSTi se sampradAya - bheda ke hote hue bhI ye sabhI AcArya alaMkAra - sampradAya ke adhikArI pravaktA haiM aura sabane alaMkAra - zAstra ke sabhI pratipAdya tattvoM para gambhIra tathA sUkSma vivecana prastuta karate hue saMskRta alaMkAra - sAhitya ko paripuSTa kiyA hai| AryarakSita AryarakSita kI gaNanA eka viziSTa yuga-pradhAna AcArya ke rUpa meM kI jAtI hai / inakA janma vIra-nirvANa saMvat 522 meM, dIkSA (22 varSa kI Ayu meM) vIra - nirvANa saMvat 544 (I. san 17) meM, yugapradhAna pada ( 62 varSa kI Ayu meM) vIra - nirvANa saMvat 584 (I. san 57 ) meM tathA svargavAsa ( 75 varSa kI Ayu meM) vIra - nirvANa saMvat 597 (I. san 70) meM mAnA jAtA hai / kucha AcAryoM ke matAnusAra AryarakSita kA svargavAsa vIra - nirvANa saMvat 584 (I. san 57 ) meM huA thA / inake pitA kA nAma somadeva thA, jo mAlavAntargata dazapura (mandasaura) ke rAjA udayana ke purohita the tathA mAtA kA nAma rudrasomA thaa| alaMkAra zAstra para eka racanA anuyoga dvAra - sUtra prApta hai / anuyogadvAra - sUtra : jaina- paramparA meM Agama - sAhitya kA vizeSa mahattva hai / yaha AgamasAhitya aMga-praviSTa aura aMga bAhya ke rUpa meM do prakAra hai / aMga - bAhya AgamoM meM eka hai anuyogadvAra -sUtra, jo prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai / ise cUlikA - sUtra bhI kahate haiN| anuyogadvAra - sUtra meM anuyoga ke cAra dvAra - upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura naya para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| upakrama ke dvitIya bheda nAma nirUpaNa ke prasaMga meM eka - nAma, dvinAma, trinAma Adi kramazaH dasa nAmoM taka utanI - utanI saMkhyA vAle viSayoM kA pratipAdana hai| nau nAmoM ke antargata rasoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| rasoM ke nAma haiM- vIra, zrRMgAra, adbhuta, raudra, vrIDanaka, bIbhatsa, hAsya, karuNa aura prazAnta / isI prakAra anugama ke antargata alIka, upaghAtajanaka, nirarthaka, chala Adi battIsa doSoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| alaMkAra - dappaNakAra 'alaMkAra - dappaNa' ke kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai / tathApi isake prArambhika maMgalAcaraNa ' AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 603 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #613
meM lekhaka ne zrutadevatA ko namaskAra kiyA hai, ataH itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki isakI racanA kisI jainAcArya ne kI hogii| zrI agaracandra jI nAhaTA ke eka lekha se jJAta hotA hai ki jaisalamera ke bRhad jJAna bhaNDAra kI tAr3apatrIya prati meM 'alaMkAradappaNa' ke atirikta kAvyAdarza aura udbhaTAlaMkAra laghu-vRtti bhI likhI hai, kAvyAdarza ke anta meM prati kA lekhana-kAla 'saMvat 1161 bhAdrapade' likhA hai| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki prastuta racanA saMvat 1161 ke pUrva kI hogii| ukta zrIyuta nAhaTA jI ne bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA ke alaMkAra-dappaNa ke anuvAda ke prArambha meM (bhUmikA svarUpa) prastuta grantha ke alaMkAra sambandhI vivaraNa ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue isakA nirmANa kAla 8vIM se 11vIM zatAbdI mAnA hai| jainAcArya-praNIta saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha prAyaH sabhI alaMkArazAstra saMvat 1161 ke pazcAt race gaye haiN| ataH pUrvavartI hone se 'alaMkAradappaNa' kI mahattA svayaMsiddha hai| alaMkAra-dappaNa : prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha yaha eka mAtra kRti hai| isameM kevala 134 gAthAe~ haiM, jinakA sIdhA sambandha alaMkAroM se hai| isameM kucha aise navIna alaMkAroM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai, jo isake pUrva racita granthoM meM upalabdha nahIM haiN| isIlie isakI mahattA para prakAza DAlate hue zrI agaracandra nAhaTA ne likhA hai ki isa grantha meM nirUpita rasika, premAtizaya, dravyottara, kriyottara, guNottara, upamA-rUpaka, utprekSA-yamaka alaMkAra anya lakSaNa granthoM meM prApta nahIM haiN| ye alaMkAra navIna nirmita haiM, yA kisI prAcIna alaMkArazAstra kA anusaraNa haiM, nizcita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| phira bhI upamA Adi ke mahattvapUrNa vivecana se prastuta grantha kI maulikatA akSuNNa hai| vAgbhaTa-prathama vAgbhaTAlaMkAra ke yazasvI praNetA vAgbhaTa-prathama aura AcArya hemacandra, ye donoM samakAlIna AcArya hote hue bhI kAla kI dRSTi se vAgbhaTa-prathama hemacandra ke pUrvavartI haiM, kintu vAgbhaTa-prathama kI apekSA AcArya hemacandra ko adhika prasiddhi prApta huI hai, isalie kucha vidvAnoM ne AcArya hemacandra ko pUrva meM sthAna diyA hai aura vAgbhaTa-prathama ko bAda me| kAvyAnuzAsana ke racayitA vAgbhaTa ko abhinava-vAgbhaTa athavA vAgbhaTadvitIya ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| DaoN. nemicandra jyotiSAcArya ne neminirvANakAvya ke kartA vAgbhaTa ko vAgbhaTa-prathama kahA hai; kintu Adhunika vidvAn sAmAnyataH vAgbhaTAlaMkAra ke kartA ko vAgbhaTa-prathama aura kAvyAnuzAsana ke kartA ko vAgbhaTa-dvitIya mAnate hai| AcArya vAgbhaTa kA prAkRta nAma bAhaDa tathA pitA kA nAma soma thaa| yaha eka kuzala kavi aura kisI (jayasiMha rAjA ke) rAjya ke mahAmAtya the| prabhAvaka-carita meM bAhaDa 604 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #614
ke sthAna para thAhaDa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| inako prabhAvaka carita ke anya kaI sthaloM para bhI thAhaDa nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya vAgbhaTa-prathama ne samuccayAlaMkAra ke udAharaNa meM nimna tIna ratnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai-(1) aNahillapATanapura nAmaka nagara, (2) rAjA karNadeva ke suputrarAjA jayasiMha aura (3) zrIkalaza nAmaka haathii| isase yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki AcArya vAgbhaTa-prathama cAlukyavaMzIya karNadeva ke putra rAjA jayasiMha ke samakAlIna the| rAjA jayasiMha kA rAjya kAla vi.saM. 1150 se 1199 (1093 I. se 1143 I.) taka mAnA jAtA hai| ataH vAgbhaTa-prathama kA bhI yahI kAla pratIta hotA hai| isakI puSTi prabhAvaka-carita ke isa kathana se bhI hotI hai ki vi. saM. 1178 meM municandrasUri ke samAdhimaraNa hone ke eka varSa pazcAt devasUri ke dvArA thAhaDa (vAgbhaTa) ne mUrti-pratiSThA kraaii|' tAtparya yaha ki usa samaya vAgbhaTa vidyamAna the| ata: vAgbhaTa kA samaya ukta rAjA jayasiMha kA hI kAla yukti-yukta mAlUma hotA hai| aba taka upalabdha pramANoM ke anusAra unakA eka mAtra alaMkAra grantha 'vAgbhaTAlaMkAra' hI prApta hai| vAgbhaTAlaMkAra : 'vAgbhaTAlaMkAra' eka bahucarcita kRti hai| isakI saMskRta TIkAe~ jaina vidvAnoM ke atirikta jainetara vidvAnoM dvArA bhI likhI gayI haiN| pA~ca paricchedoM meM vibhAjita vAgbhaTAlaMkAra para likhI gayI upalabdha evaM anupalabdha kula TIkAoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga 17 hai| itanI adhika TIkAoM se hI isa grantha kI mahattA siddha ho jAtI hai| AcArya hemacandra ___ AcArya hemacandra bahumukhI pratibhAsampanna vidvAn the| unakI sAhitya-sAdhanA atyanta vizAla aura vyApaka hai| jIvana ko saMskRta, saMvarddhita aura saMcAlita karane vAle jitane pahalU haiM, una-saba para unhoMne apanI adhikArapUrNa lekhanI calAyI hai| unakI sAhitya sevA ko dekhakara vidvAnoM ne unheM 'kalikAlasarvajJa' jaisI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA hai| ___ AcArya hemacandra kA janma vikrama saM. 1145 meM kArtika pUrNimA kI rAtri ko dhuMdhukA nAmaka nagara (gujarAta) ke moDha vaMza meM huA thaa| unakA bAlyAvasthA kA nAma cAMgadeva thA tathA unake pitA kA nAma cAciga aura mAtA kA nAma pAhiNI devI thaa| 'honahAra biravAna ke hota cIkane pAta' ke anusAra bAlaka cAMgadeva kA dhIre-dhIre vikAsa hone lgaa| use bacapana se hI dharma-guruoM ke samparka meM rahane kA saubhAgya prApta huA thaa| ataH unhoMne ATha varSa kI alpAyu meM hI apane samaya ke prasiddha AcArya devacandra se dIkSA grahaNa kara lI thii| dIkSA ke pazcAt unakA nAma somacandra rakhA gyaa|" AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 605 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #615
somacandra ne thor3e hI samaya meM tarka-sAhitya Adi sabhI vidyAoM meM ananya pravINatA prApta kara lI thii| tatpazcAt unhoMne apane guru ke sAtha vibhinna sthAnoM meM bhramaNa kiyA aura apane zAstrIya evaM vyAvahArika jJAna meM kAphI vRddhi kii| vikrama saMvat 1166 meM 21 varSa kI alpAyu meM hI muni somacandra ko unake guru ne AcArya pada para pratiSThita karake hemacandra nAma diyaa| jisake kAraNa unhoMne AcArya hemacandra ke nAma se pratiSThA prApta kii| unakI mRtyu vi.saM. 1229 meM huI thii| __ AcArya hemacandra ne vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda, alaMkAra, darzana, purANa, itihAsa Adi vividha viSayoM para saphalatApUrvaka sAhitya sRjana kiyA hai| zabdAnuzAsana, kAvyAnuzAsana, chandonuzAsana, dvayAzraya mahAkAvya, yogazAstra, dvAtriMzatikAe~, abhidhAna-cintAmaNi tathA triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita- ye unakI pramukha racanAe~ haiN| _ isa prakAra AcArya hemacandra eka sAtha kavi, kathAkAra, itihAsakAra evaM Alocaka the| ve saphala aura samartha sAhityakAra ke rUpa meM prakhyAta hue haiN| pAzcAtya vidvAn DaoN. piTarsa ne unake vidvattApUrNa granthoM ko dekhakara unheM 'jJAnamahodadhi 13-jaisI upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA hai| kAvyAnuzAsana : AcArya hemacandra kA yaha alaMkAra-viSayaka ekamAtra grantha hai| isakI racanA vi.saM. 1196 ke lagabhaga huI hai| isameM sUtrAtmaka zailI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kAvyaprakAza ke pazcAt race gaye prastuta grantha meM dhvanyAloka, locana, abhinavabhAratI, kAvyamImAMsA aura kAvyaprakAza se lambe-lambe uddharaNa prastuta kiye haiN| isase kucha vidvAn ise saMgraha-grantha kI koTi meM mAnate haiN| AcArya mammaTa ne kula 67 alaMkAroM kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu hemacandra ne mAtra 29 alaMkAroM kA ullekha kara zeSa kA inhIM meM antarbhAva kiyA hai| mammaTa ne jisa alaMkAra ko aprastutaprazaMsA nAma diyA hai, use hemacandra ne 'anyokti' nAma se abhihita kiyA hai| mammaTa kAvyaprakAza ko 10 ullAsoM meM vibhakta karake bhI utanA viSaya nahIM de pAye haiM, jitanA hemacandra ne kAvyAnuzAsana ke kevala 8 adhyAyoM meM prastuta kiyA hai| isake sAtha hI hemacandra ne alaMkAra-zAstra meM sarvaprathama nATya-viSayaka tattvoM kA samAveza kara eka navIna paramparA kA praNayana kiyA hai, jisakA anusaraNa paravartI AcArya vizvanAtha Adi ne bhI kiyA hai| ___ kAvyAnuzAsana meM tIna bhAga pAye jAte haiM- (1) sUtra, (2) alaMkAracUDAmaNi nAmaka vRtti aura (3) viveka nAmaka ttiikaa| ina tInoM ke racayitA AcArya hemacandra hI haiN| rAmacandra-guNacandra rAmacandra aura guNacandra kA nAma prAya: sAtha-sAtha liyA jAtA hai| ina vidvAnoM ke 606 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #616
mAtA-pitA aura vaMza ityAdi ke viSaya meM koI ullekha nahIM milatA hai| ata: itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye donoM vidvAn satIrtha the| AcArya rAmacandra ne apane aneka granthoM meM apane ko AcArya hemacandra kA ziSya batalAyA hai| ye unake paTTadhara ziSya the| eka bAra tatkAlIna gurjara nareza siddharAja jayasiMha ne AcArya hemacandra se pUchA ki Apake paTTa ke yogya guNavAn ziSya kauna hai ? isake uttara meM hemacandra ne rAmacandra kA nAma liyA thaa| rAmacandra apanI asAdhAraNa-pratibhA evaM kavi-karma-kuzalatA ke kAraNa 'kavikaTAramalla' kI sammAnita upAdhi se alaMkRta the| yaha upAdhi unheM siddharAja jayasiMha ne prasanna hokara pradAna kI thii| ___ mahAkavi rAmacandra samasyApUrti karane meM bhI catura the| eka bAra vArANasI se vizvezvara kavipattana nAmaka nagara Aye the tathA ve AcArya hemacandra kI sabhA meM gye| vahA~ rAjA kumArapAla bhI vidyamAna the| vizvezvara ne kumArapAla ko AzIrvAda dete hue kahA'pAtu vo hemagopAla: kambalaM dnnddmudvhn'| cU~ki rAjA jaina the, ataH unheM kRSNa dvArA apanI rakSA kI bAta acchI nahIM lgii| ataH unhoMne krodha-bharI dRSTi se dekhaa| tabhI rAmacandra ne ukta zlokArddha kI pUrti ke rUpa meM 'SaDdarzanapazugrAmaM cArayat jainagocare' yaha kahakara rAjA ko prasanna kara diyaa| - AcArya rAmacandra kI vidvattA kA paricaya unakI sva-likhita kRtiyoM meM bhI milatA hai| raghuvilAsa' meM unhoMne apane ko vidyAtrayIcaNam' kahA hai| isI prakAra nATyadarpaNavivRtti kI prArambhika prazasti meM 'vidyavedinaH' tathA antima prazasti meM vyAkaraNanyAya aura sAhitya kA jJAtA kahA hai| ___'prabhAvakacarita' aura 'upadezataraMgiNI' se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya hemacandra aura siddharAja jayasiMha samakAlIna the tathA usa samaya taka rAmacandra apanI asAdhAraNapratibhA ke kAraNa pratiSThA prApta kara cuke the| AcArya rAmacandra kA sAhityika-kAla vi.saM. 1193 se 1233 ke madhya rahA hai| mahAkavi rAmacandra prabandha-zatakartA ke nAma se vikhyAta haiN| unhoMne apane nATyadarpaNa meM svaracita 11 rUpakoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| isakI sUcanA prAya: 'asmadupajJe- 'ityAdi padoM se dI gayI hai, jinake nAma nimna prakAra haiM- (1) satya harizcandra nATaka, (2) nalavilAsa-nATaka, (3) raghuvilAsa-nATaka, (4) yAdavAbhyudaya, (5) rAghavAbhyudaya, (6) rohiNImRgAMkaprakaraNa, (7) nirbhayabhIma-vyAyoga, (8) kaumudImitrANandaprakaraNa, (9) sudhA-kalaza, (10) mallikAmakaranda-prakaraNa aura (11) vnmaalaa-naattikaa| kumAra bihAra zataka, dravyAlaMkAra aura yaduvilAsa Adi-ye unake anya pramukha grantha haiN| isake alAvA kucha choTe-choTe stava bhI pAye jAte haiN| isa prakAra unake upalabdha AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 607 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #617
granthoM kI kula saMkhyA DaoN. ke.eca. trivedI ne 47 svIkAra kI hai Po nATyadarpaNa : yaha nATya viSayaka prAmANika evaM maulika grantha hai| isameM mahAkavi rAmacandra-guNacandra ne aneka navIna tathyoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| AcArya bharata se lekara dhanaMjaya taka calI A rahI nATyazAstra kI akSuNNa paramparA kA yukti-pUrNa vivecana karate hue AcArya ne prastuta grantha meM pUrvAcArya svIkRta nATikA ke sAtha prakaraNikA nAma kI eka navIna vidhA kA saMyojana kara dvAdaza-rUpakoM kI sthApanA kI hai| isI prakAra rasa kI sukha-duHkhAtmakatA svIkAra karanA- isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai| nATyadarpaNa meM nau rasoM ke atirikta tRSNA, ArdratA, Asakti, arati aura santoSa ko sthAyIbhAva mAnakara kramazaH laulya, sneha, vyasana, duHkha aura sukha-rasa kI bhI sambhAvanA kI gayI hai| isameM zAnta-rasa kA sthAyIbhAva zama svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha meM aise aneka granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jo adyAvadhi anupalabdha hai| kArikA rUpa meM nibaddha kisI bhI gUr3ha viSaya ko apanI svopajJa vivRti meM itane spaSTa aura vistAra ke sAtha prastuta kiyA hai ki sAdhAraNa buddhi vAle vyakti ko bhI viSaya samajhane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava nahIM karanA par3atA hai| isIlie isa grantha kI katipaya vizeSatAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya ne likhA hai ki nATya viSayaka zAstrIya granthoM meM 'nATyadarpaNa' kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai| yaha vaha zrRMkhalA hai, jo dhanaMjaya ke sAtha vizvanAtha kavirAja ko jor3atI hai| isameM aneka viSaya bar3e mahattvapUrNa haiM tathA paramparAgata siddhAntoM se vilakSaNa haiM, jaise rasa kA sukhAtmaka hone ke atirikta duHkhAtmaka ruup| isake atirikta AcArya upAdhyAya ne prAcIna aura adhunA luptaprAya rUpakoM ke uddharaNa prastuta karane ke kAraNa isakA aitihAsika mUlya bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| ina saba vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa nATyadarpaNa anupama evaM utkRSTa koTi kA grantha hai| prastuta grantha meM do bhAga pAye jAte haiM-prathama kArikAbaddha mUlagrantha aura dvitIya usake Upara likhI gayI svopajJa vivRti| kArikAoM meM grantha kA lAkSaNika bhAga nibaddha hai tathA vivRti meM tadviSayaka udAharaNa evaM kArikA kA spssttiikrnn| yaha grantha cAra vivekoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| narendraprabhasUri ___ narendraprabhasUri harSapurIya gaccha-paramparA ke AcArya the| inake guru kA nAma naracandrasUri aura dAdA-guru kA nAma devaprabhasUri thaa| guru naracandrasUri nyAya, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya aura jyotiS ke prakANDa vidvAn the, jisakI puSTi ukta viSayoM para likhe gaye unake granthoM aura TippaNiyoM se hotI hai| guru ke AdezAnusAra narendraprabhasUri ne 'alaMkAra-mahodadhi' nAmaka grantha kI racanA 608 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #618
kI thii| isakA lekhana kAla vi.saM. 1280 (I. san 1223) hai tathA isakI svopajJa TIkA kA lekhana kAla vi.saM. 1282 (I. san 1225) hai| ata: narendraprabhasUri kA samaya vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha nizcita hotA hai| rAjazekhara-sUri ne nyAyakandalI-paMjikA meM narendraprabhasUri kI do racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai-alaMkAra-mahodadhi aura kaaNkutsth-keli| isake atirikta viveka-pAdapa aura viveka-kalikA nAmaka do subhASita-saMgraha tathA do vastupAla prazasti-kAvya bhI pAye jAte haiN| sAtha hI girinAra ke vastupAla ke eka zilAlekha ke zloka bhI narendraprabhasUri racita haiM / alaMkAra-mahodadhi : yaha eka alaMkAra-viSayaka grantha hai| narendraprabhasUri dvArA race gaye granthoM meM yaha sarvocca hai| prastuta grantha para kAvyaprakAza kI chAyA pratIta hotI hai| ataH DaoN. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA kA yaha kathana ucita hI hai ki 'alaMkAra-mahodadhi' kA sArA tIsarA taraMga kAvya-prakAza ke cauthe adhyAya kA eka lambA aura saralIkRta saMskaraNa hai| unake anusAra alaMkAra-mahodadhi kAvyaprakAza-jaise durUha granthoM kI apekSA sarala hai; jisakI puSTi alaMkAra-mahodadhi ke racane meM kAraNabhUta mahAmAtya vastupAla ke nivedana se bhI hotI hai| isake sAtha hI prastuta grantha para kAvyaprakAza kI apekSA hemacandrAcArya ke kAvyAnuzAsana kA prabhAva adhika pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki kavi-zikSA prasaMga meM kAvyAnuzAsana kI svopajJa alaMkAra-cUDAmaNi nAmaka TIkA kA eka sampUrNa aMza hI prAyaH uddhRta kara diyA gayA hai lekina isake sAtha hI alaMkAra-mahodadhi meM kucha aisI vizeSatAe~ pAyI jAtI haiM, jo use kAvyaprakAza aura kAvyAnuzAsana se pRthak siddha karatI haiN| udAharaNArtha kAvyaprakAza meM 61 arthAlaMkAroM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai aura kAvyAnuzAsana meM mAtra 35 kA; kintu alaMkAra mahodadhi meM 70 arthAlaMkAroM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra kAvyaprakAza meM kula milAkara 603 udAharaNa prastuta kiye gaye haiM, jabaki alaMkAra-mahodadhi meM 982 ityaadi| uparyukta ke atirikta anya kaI vizeSatAe~ rahane ke bAvajUda lekhaka ne isakI maulikatA kA dAvA nahIM kiyA hai, jo nirabhimAnatA kI dRSTi se upayukta bhI hai| isameM yatra-tatra bharata, bhAmaha aura Anandavardhana Adi prAcIna AcAryoM ke uddharaNa prastuta kiye gaye haiN| prastuta grantha ATha taraMgoM meM vibhAjita hai| amaracandrasUri kAvyakalpalatA Adi granthoM se jJAta hotA hai ki amaracandrasUri zvetAmbara sampradAya ke AcArya aura vAyaDagacchIya AcArya jinadattasUri ke ziSya the| inakI 'bAlabhArata' nAmaka kRti se jJAta hotA hai ki ye sAdhu hone se pUrva kadAcit (vAyaDa) brAhmaNa the| AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 609 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #619
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org isa sambandha meM DaoN. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA ne likhA hai ki 'yaha bhI asambhava pratIta nahIM hotA ki vaha brAhmaNa hI thA; kyoMki jaina sAdhu hone ke bAvajUda usane apane 'bAlabhArata' grantha ke pratyeka sarga ke prArambha meM vyAsa kI aura usI grantha kI prazasti meM vAyaDoM ke deva vAyu (pavanadeva) kI stuti kI hai / 26 amaracandrasUri apanI kAvya-kalA ke kAraNa aneka upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita the| unakI eka suprasiddha kRti 'padmAnanda' mahAkAvya hai, jisameM Adya tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA caritracitraNa kiyA gayA hai / isakA samaya vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha tathA caudahavIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa mAnanA upayukta pratIta hotA hai| inakI racanAoM para dRSTipAta karane se jJAta hotA hai ki amaracandrasUri kAvya, vyAkaraNa, chanda, alaMkAra aura kalA Adi vividha viSayoM ke praur3ha vidvAn the / inakA Azukavitva inakI kavitA - cAturI kA dyotaka hai| DaoN. zyAmasundara dIkSita aura DaoN. gulAbacandra caudharI Adi vidvAnoM ne inake granthoM kI saMkhyA 13 svIkAra kI hai, jinake nAma nimna prakAra haiM- 1. bAlabhArata, 2. padmAnandamahAkAvya, 3. kAvyakalpalatA - vRtti, 4. kAvyakalpalatA yA kavizikSA, 5. caturviMzatijinendrasaMkSiptacaritAni, 6. sukRta saMkIrtana ke pratyeka sarga ke cAra zloka, 7. syAdizabdasamuccaya (vyAkaraNa), 8. kAvyakalpalatAparimala, 9. chandoratnAvalI, 10. alaMkAra - bodha, 11. kalAkalApa, 12. kAvyakalpalatAmaMjarI aura 13. muktAvalI / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kAvyakalpalatA-vRtti : AcArya amaracandrasUri ne apane kalAguru arisiMhakRta kavitArahasya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kucha arisiMha racita sUtroM aura kucha svaracita sUtroM ko lekara kAvyakalpalatA nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI hai / ataH mUla sUtroM kA nAma kAvyakalpalatA hai, punaH una sUtroM para amaracandrasUri ne kavizikSA nAmaka vRtti likhI hai, jo aba kAvyakalpalatA vRtti ke nAma se prasiddha hai / I 610 :: jainadharma paricaya amaracandrasUri ke paravartI AcArya devezvara ( 14vIM zatAbdI kA Arambha) ne apane grantha kavi-kalpalatA ke lie amaracandrasUri kI kAvyakalpalatA ko hI Adarza mAnA hai tathA usameM se bahuta se niyamoM tathA lakSaNoM kA akSarazaH grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| kAlAntara meM kAvyakalpalatA ke Upara aneka TIkAe~ racI gayI haiN| 28 isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki vidvatsamAja meM bhI kAvyakalpalatA ko mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta thA / isa grantha meM amaracandrasUri ne kavi - pada ke abhilASiyoM ko prArambha hone vAlI kaThinAIyoM se bacane ke lie kavi - zikSA para vistRta prakAza DAlA hai| ye chanda ko kAvya kA mUla mAnate haiM / ataH chanda - racanA kI prakriyA kA vibhinna prakAra se vivecana hai tathA chandoM meM prayukta hone vAle aneka prakAra ke sahasroM zabdoM kA saMkalana kiyA For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #620
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir gayA hai, jo chanda: koza ke abhAva kI pUrti karatA hai / ataH isa grantha ke adhyayana se kaviyoM kA mArga prazasta ho jAtA hai / prastuta grantha chandasiddhi, zabdasiddhi, zleSasiddhi aura arthasiddhi nAmaka cAra pratAnoM meM vibhakta hai / punaH pratyeka ke upavibhAga kiye gaye haiM, jo stavaka kahalAte haiM / pratyeka pratAna meM kramaza: 5,4,5, aura 7 stavaka haiM, jinakI kula saMkhyA 21 hai / vinayacandrasUri vibhinna kAloM meM vinayacandra nAma ke aneka AcArya hue haiM / kintu prastuta sthala meM jina AcArya kA kathana kiyA jA rahA hai, ve kAvyazikSA ke racayitA AcArya vinayacandrasUri haiN| ye candragacchIya AcArya aura raviprabhasUri ke ziSya the| ye saMskRta aura prAkRta ke vidvAn the tathA kAvyazAstra unakA priya viSaya thA | kAvyazikSA ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki vinayacandrasUri na kevala alaMkArazAstra ke hI jJAtA the, apitu vyAkaraNa, koza Adi para bhI unakA samAna adhikAra thA / DaoN. gulAbacandra caudharI ne unakA sAhityika kAla saM. 1286 se lekara saM. 1345 taka svIkAra kiyA hai / DaoN. hariprasAda zAstrI ne kAvyazikSA aura mallisvAmI (nAtha) carita ina do ko hI AcArya vinayacandrasUri kI racanAe~ svIkRta kI haiM, jo 'vinaya zabdAMkita' haiM 130 kintu inake atirikta pArzvanAthacarita aura kAlikAcAryakathA (prAkRta) bhI unakI racanAe~ pratIta hotI haiM, kyoMki pArzvanAthacarita 'vinaya zabdAMkita' mahAkAvya hai / 1 ataH yaha kRti bhI ukta lekhaka kI honI cAhie tathA kAlikAcAryakathA (prAkRta) kI racanA saM. 1286 meM huI hai| 2 yaha kAla kAvyazikSAkAra vinayacandrasUri kA hai / ataH yaha kRti bhI ukta kavi kI hogI, isameM sandeha nahIM / isa prakAra vinayacandrasUri kI cAra kRtiyA~ tarka kI kasauTI para kharI utaratI haiM- kAvyazikSA, mallisvAmIcarita, pArzvanAthacarita aura kAlikAcAryakathA ( prAkRta) / inake atirikta jaba taka koI puSTa AdhAra nahIM mila jAte haiM, taba taka anya kRtiyoM athavA anya kAla se AcArya vinayacandrasUri kA sambandha jor3anA ucita nahIM hai / kAvyazikSA : prastuta racanA AcArya vinayacandrasUri kI saMgRhIta kRti hai / isameM kavi ne kAvyaracanA hetu kavi ke lie Avazyaka vyAvahArika jJAna kI zikSA dI hai| granthakAra kA dAvA ho athavA nahIM, kintu niSpakSa samAlocaka kI dRSTi se itanA avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMskRta kA sAmAnya jJAna rakhane vAlA vyakti bhI prastuta grantha kI sahAyatA se padya racanA kara sakatA hai| isake adhyayana se kaI aitihAsika evaM bhaugolika tathyoM para prakAza par3atA hai| isIlie DaoN. bhogIlAla sAMDesarA ne likhA hai| AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 611 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #621
ki vinayacandra kI kavi (kAvya) zikSA isalie vizeSa upayogI hai ki usameM itihAsa, bhUgola aura madhyakAlIna bhArata kI sAhityika sthiti kI aneka sUcanAe~ milatI haiN| prastuta grantha meM vibhinna AcAryoM ke vibhinna granthoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai, jinameM kAlidAsa, bANa, bhavabhUti aura hemacandra Adi ke grantha ullekhanIya haiN| yaha chaH paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai| vijayavarNI __vijayavarNI digambara jaina muni vijayakIrti ke ziSya the| inhoMne rAjA kAmirAja kI prArthanA para zRMgArArNava candrikA nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| isameM inhoMne karnATaka ke suprasiddha kavi guNavarmA kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| guNavarmA kA samaya I. san 1225 (vi.saM. 1282) ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai| ataH vijayavarNI kA samaya IsA kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA madhya bhAga mAnanA samIcIna hogaa| vijayavarNI dvArA racita alaMkAra-viSayaka zRMgArArNava-candrikA nAmaka grantha ke atirikta anya koI grantha upalabdha nahIM hai, kintu ukta grantha ke AdhAra para itanA avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki vijayavarNI eka rAjamAnya mahAkavi the| sambhava hai ki inhoMne anya granthoM kA bhI praNayana kiyA ho, kintu isa sandarbha meM aitihAsika sAmagrI upalabdha na hone se nizcayapUrvaka kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| zRMgArArNavacandrikA : isameM vijayavarNI ne kucha aise viSayoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA hai, jinakA ullekha alaMkArazAstroM meM prAyaH kama hI milatA hai| jaise varNa-gaNa-phala nirNaya aadi| jisa prakAra ekAvalI, pratAparudrayazobhUSaNa aura rasagaMgAdhara meM kaviyoM ne svaracita padyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, usI prakAra vijayavarNI ne 'zRMgArArNavacandrikA' meM sabhI udAharaNa sva-racita prastuta kiye haiN| ye sabhI udAharaNa kavi ne apane AzrayadAtA gaMgavaMzIya rAjA kAmirAja kI stuti meM likhe haiM, ata: isa grantha kA apara nAma 'kAmirAja stuti' grantha kahA jAye, to atyukti na hogii| prastuta grantha dasa paricchedoM meM vibhakta ajitasena jaina paramparA meM ajitasena nAma ke aneka AcArya hue haiN| prastuta AlaMkArika digambara sampradAya ke jainAcArya the| alaMkArazAstra para racita unakI 'alaMkAra-cintAmaNi' nAmaka kRti isa bAta kA sabala pramANa hai ki unheM alaMkAra-zAstra kA talasparzI jJAna thaa| yadyapi AlaMkArika ajitasena kI guru-paramparA Adi ke sambandha meM koI spaSTa 612 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #622
ullekha nahIM milatA hai tathApi Adhunika zodha-marmajJoM kA kathana dhyAna dene yogya hai| DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina ne likhA hai ki ajitasena yatIzvara dakSiNadezAntargata tuluva pradeza ke nivAsI senagaNa-pogarigaccha ke muni, saMbhavatayA pArzvasena (jJAta tithi 1154 I.) ke praziSya aura padmasena (jJAtatithi 1271 I.) ke guru mahAsena ke sadharmA yA guru the| DaoN. nemicandra jyotiSAcArya ne bhI ajitasena ke senasaMgha ke AcArya hone kI puSTi kI hai| unakI isa mAnyatA kA hetu zRMgAramaMjarI kA antima bhAga hai| AcArya ajitasena kA lekhanakAla lagabhaga vikrama kI caudahavIM zatAbdI kA madhya bhAga (I. 1293 ke lagabhaga) hai| yahI samaya paM. amRtalAla zAstrI ko bhI abhISTa ajitasena kI sAmAnyata: do racanAe~ mAnI jAtI haiM-(1) alaMkAracintAmaNi aura (2) gaarmNjrii| ye donoM alaMkAra-viSayaka haiN| inake atirikta DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina ne vRttavAda, chandaHprakAza aura zrutabodha-ina tIna granthoM ke kartA ke rUpa meM bhI prastuta ajitasena kI sambhAvanA vyakta kI hai| lekina kisI nizcita pramANa ke abhAva meM kucha bhI kahanA ucita pratIta nahIM hotA hai| zRMgAramaMjarI' adyAvadhi aprakAzita hai| alaMkAra-cintAmaNi : alaMkArazAstra ke antargata jina viSayoM kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai, una sabhI viSayoM kA samAveza prastuta grantha 'alaMkAra cintAmaNi' meM kiyA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM isa grantha kI bhASA itanI sarala hai ki saMskRta kA sAmAnya jJAna rakhane vAlA vyakti bhI isake marma ko samajha sakatA hai| kisI bhI vyakti ko kavi banane ke lie prArambha meM kisI sAmAnya viSaya ko lekara padya-racanA karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai, usakA nimnalikhita udAharaNa dekhie kitanA sarala hai! zayyotthitaH kRtasnAno vraaksstsmnvitH| gatvA devArcanaM kRtvA zrutvA zAstraM gRhaM gtH||" prastuta padya meM eka zrAvaka ke dainika jIvana kA svAbhAvika evaM manohArI citra prastuta kiyA gayA hai| alaMkAroM ke lie to yaha grantha alaMkAra-cintAmaNi siddha hotA hai| isake adhikAMza bhAga arthAt sampUrNa pA~ca paricchedoM meM se dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha meM alaMkAroM kA hI vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai, zeSa prathama aura paMcama meM anya viSayoM kA samAveza hai| jina alaMkAra-zAstroM meM sva-racita udAharaNa prastuta kie gaye haiM, unakI saMkhyA alpa hai| ataH adhikAMza alaMkAra-viSayaka granthoM meM udAharaNoM kA cayana anya kaviyoM ke granthoM se kiyA gayA hai| isameM AlaMkArikoM ne prAyaH eka hI saraNI kA anusaraNa kiyA hai arthAt apane granthoM meM unhIM cune-cunAye udAharaNoM ko sthAna diyA hai, jo AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 613 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #623
paramparA se prApta haiM, kintu alaMkAra-cintAmaNi meM prAya: navIna udAharaNoM kA cayana kiyA gayA hai, jo lekhaka ke athaka parizrama ke dyotaka haiN| sabhI udAharaNa purANoM aura stotroM se gRhIta hone ke kAraNa lekhaka ne prastuta grantha ko stotragrantha kI saMjJA se vibhUSita kiyA hai| isameM anya AcAryoM ke matoM ko bhI yatra-tatra sthAna diyA gayA hai| vAgbhaTa-dvitIya vAgbhaTa-dvitIya kA samaya vikrama kI 14vIM zatAbdI hai| ye medapATa (mevADa) nivAsI nemikumAra ke putra aura mavakalapa tathA mahAdevI ke pautra the| inake jyeSTha bhrAtA kA nAma zrIrAhaDa thA, jinake prati vAgbhaTa ko agAdha zraddhA thii| inake pitA nemikumAra ne apane dvArA upArjita dravya se rAhaDapura meM utuMga zikhara vAlA bhagavAn neminAtha evaM naloTakapura meM 22 devakulikAoM se yukta AdinAtha kA mandira banavAyA thaa| AcArya vAgbhaTa-dvitIya ne aneka navIna aura sundara nATakoM evaM mahAkAvyoM ke atirikta chanda tathA alaMkAra-viSayaka granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| kAvyAnuzAsana ke atirikta unakI do anya racanAe~ bhI upalabdha haiM- (1) RSabhadevacarita mahAkAvya aura (2) chndo'nushaasn| jinakA ullekha kAvyAnuzAsana (pR. 15, 20 kramaza:) meM milatA hai| inakA viSaya-vivecana nAma se hI spaSTa hai| kAvyAnuzAsana : kAvyAnuzAsana mahAkavi vAgbhaTa-dvitIya kA alaMkAra-viSayaka grantha hai| isakI racanA sUtra-zailI meM kI gayI hai| isa para unhoMne alaMkAra-tilaka nAmaka svopajJavRtti kI bhI racanA kI hai, jisase viSaya ko samajhane meM sahAyatA milatI hai| isa para hemacandrakRta kAvyAnuzAsana kI chAyA spaSTa pratIta hotI hai| prastuta grantha pA~ca adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| maNDana-mantrI maNDana kA nAma prAyaH maNDana-mantrI ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| ye zrImAla vaMza meM paidA hue the| inake pitA kA nAma bAhar3a aura pitAmaha kA nAma jhAMjhar3a thaa| ye bahuta hI pratibhA sampanna vidvAn aura rAjanItijJa the| zrImanta kula meM utpanna hone ke kAraNa unameM lakSmI evaM sarasvatI kA abhUtapUrva mela thaa| ye udAra aura dayAlu prakRti ke the| alpavaya meM hI maNDana mAlavA meM mANDavagar3ha ke bAdazAha hozaMga ke kRpApAtra bana gaye the aura kAlAntara meM unake pramukha mantrI bne| samrATa hozaMga inakI vidvattA para mugdha the| rAjakArya ke atirikta bace samaya ko maNDana vidvat-sabhAoM meM hI vyatIta karate the| ye pratyeka vidvAn aura kavi kA bahuta sammAna karate the tathA unako bhojana-vastra evaM yogya pAritoSika Adi dekara unakA utsAhavardhana karate the| maNDana saMgIta ke vizeSa premI the| isake atirikta ve jyotiSa, chanda, alaMkAra, nyAya, vyAkaraNa Adi anya vidyAoM 614 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #624
meM bhI nipuNa the| maNDana kI vidvatsabhA meM kaI vidvAn evaM kuzala kavi sthAyI rUpa se rahate the, jinakA samasta vyaya vaha svayaM vahana karate the| maNDana ke dvArA likhe evaM likhavAye gaye granthoM kI pratiyoM meM pradatta prazastiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki maNDana vikrama kI pandrahavIM zatAbdI taka jIvita the| ___ maNDana ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai, jinameM se nimna grantha prakAza meM Aye haiM-(1) kAdambarI darpaNa, (2) campUmaNDana, (3) candravijayaprabandha, (4) alaMkAramaNDana, (5) kAvyamaNDana, (6) zRMgAramaNDana, (7) saMgItamaNDana, (8) upasarga-maNDana, (9) sArasvatamaNDana aura (10) kviklpdrum| alaMkAramaNDana : prastuta kRti maNDana mantrI kI alaMkAra-viSayaka racanA hai| isameM unhoMne alaMkAra-zAstrIya viSayoM kA samAveza kiyA hai, jo nAma se hI spaSTa hai| 'alaMkAra-maNDana' pA~ca paricchedoM meM vibhAjita hai| bhAvadevasUri AcArya bhAvadevasUri pratibhA sampanna vidvAn the| unakA samaya IsA kI caudahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha aura pandrahavIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArddha pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki inhoMne pArzvanAtha-carita kI racanA vi.saM. 1412 meM zrIpattana nAmaka nagara meM kI thI, jisakA ullekha pArzvanAtha-carita kI prazasti meM kiyA gayA hai| bhAvadevasUri ke guru kA nAma jinadevasUri thaa| ye kAlikAcArya santAnIya khaMDillagaccha kI paramparA ke AcArya the| AcArya bhAvadevasUri ne alaMkAra-viSayaka 'kAvyAlaMkArasArasaMgraha' ke atirikta aura kitane tathA kauna-kauna se granthoM kI racanA kI hai, yaha spaSTa nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki ina granthoM meM paraspara eka-dUsare kA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM hai, kintu 'pArzvanAtha-carita' jaidiNacariyA (yati-dinacaryA)' aura 'kAlikAcAryakathA' nAmaka granthoM meM kAlikAcArya-santAnIya bhAvadevasUri kA spaSTa nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai, ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki uparyukta granthoM ke racayitA prastuta bhAvadevasUri hI hoNge| uparyukta samaya-nirdhAraNa unake 'pArzvanAtha-carita' ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| kAvyAlaMkArasAra-saMgraha : AcArya bhAvadevasUri viracita 'kAvyAlaMkArasAra-saMgraha' nAmaka grantha saMkSipta kintu mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM AcArya bhAvadevasUri ne prAcIna granthoM se sArabhUta tattvoM ko grahaNa kara saMgRhIta kiyA hai| yaha grantha ATha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| padmasundaragaNi zvetAmbara jaina vidvAn paM. padmasundaragaNi nAgaurI tapAgaccha ke prasiddha bhaTTAraka yati the| inake guru kA nAma padmameru aura praguru kA nAma Anandameru thaa| padmasundaragaNi ko mugala bAdazAha akabara kI sabhA meM bahu-sammAna prApta thaa| unakI paramparA ke paravartI AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 615 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #625
bhaTTAraka yati 'harSakIrtisUri' kI 'dhAtutaraMgiNI' ke pATha se jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMne bAdazAha akabara kI sabhA meM kisI mahApaNDita ko parAjita kiyA thA, jisake sammAna svarUpa unheM bAdazAha akabara kI ora se rezamI vastra, pAlakI aura grAma Adi bheMTa meM prApta hue the| ve jodhapura ke hindU nareza mAlavadeva dvArA bhI sammAnita the| itanA hI nahIM inake guru padmameru aura praguru Anandameru ko kramazaH akabara ke pitA humAyU~ aura pitAmaha bAbara kI rAjasabhA meM pratiSThA prApta thii| __padmasundaragaNi ne '(akabarasAhi)-zRMgAra-darpaNa' kI racanA vi.saM. 1626 ke AsapAsa kI hai tathA zvetAmbarAcArya hIravijaya kI bAdazAha akabara se bheMTa vi.saM. 1639 meM huI thI, usa samaya padmasundaragaNi kA svargavAsa ho cukA thaa| ataH padmasundaragaNi kA samaya vikrama kI 17vIM (IsA kI 16vIM kA uttarArddha) zatAbdI mAnanA upayukta hogaa| padmasundaragaNi ne sAhitya, nATaka, koSa, alaMkAra, jyotiSa aura stotra viSayaka aneka granthoM kA praNayana kiyA hai| digambara sampradAya ke vidvAn rAyamalla se unakI pragAr3ha maitrI thii| isalie unhoMne kucha granthoM kI racanA rAyamalla ke anurodha para bhI kI hai| unake pramukha grantha nimna prakAra hai-rAyamallAbhyudayakAvya, yadusundara mahAkAvya, pArzvanAthacarita, jambUcarita, rAjapraznIya nATyapadabhaMjikA, paramatavyavacchedasyAdvAdadvAtriMzikA, pramANasundara, sArasvatasvarUpamAlA, sundara prakAzazabdArNava, hAyana-sundara, SaDbhASAgarbhitanemistava, varamaMgalikAstotra, bhAratIstotra, bhaviSyadattacarita aura jJAnacandrodaya nATaka, aadi| DaoN. nemicandra jyotiSAcArya ne inakI kevala do hI racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai-bhaviSyadatta-carita aura rAyamallAbhyudaya mhaakaavy| jabaki paM. nAthUrAma premI aura DaoN. gulAbacandra caudharI ne inakI anya kRtiyoM kA bhI sapramANa ullekha kiyA hai| akabarasAhibhaMgAradarpaNa : prastuta alaMkArazAstra-viSayaka grantha mugala bAdazAha akabara kI prazaMsA meM racA gayA hai| isake pratyeka ullAsa ke anta meM akabara prazasti-padyoM kI racanA kI gayI hai| akabarasAhibhaMgAradarpaNa kI tulanA dazarUpaka aura nATyadarpaNa se kI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki isameM nATyazAstrIya tattvoM kA vizeSa rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| cAra ullAsoM meM vibhAjita isa grantha meM kula 345 padya haiN| siddhicandragaNi ye apane samaya ke mahAn TIkAkAra aura sAhityakAra the| ye tApagacchIya upAdhyAya bhAnucandragaNi ke ziSya the| bhAnucandragaNi aura siddhicandragaNi ko mugala bAdazAha akabara ke darabAra meM samAna rUpa se sammAna prApta thaa| siddhicandragaNi zatAvadhAnI the| unake 616 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #626
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir prayoga dekhakara bAdazAha akabara ne 'khuzaphahama' (tIkSNa buddhi) kI mAnaprada upAdhi pradAna kI thI, jisakI puSTi unake dvArA racita pratyeka grantha kI antima prazasti se hotI hai 54 ina prazastiyoM se yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki inhoMne apane prabhAva ke dvArA zatruMjaya tIrtha para lage hue kara ko mApha karAyA thA tathA siddhAcala parvata para mandira-nirmANakArya meM bAdhaka rAjakIya niSedhAjJA ko bhI haTavAyA thA 55 siddhicandragaNa apane guru bhAnucandragaNi ke aneka sAhityika anuSThAnoM meM sahayogI the|" bANabhaTTa racita kAdambarI para apane guru ke sAtha likhI gayI, inakI TIkA sarvAdhika prasiddha hai| isa TIkA ke adhyayana se inake koza viSayaka jJAna kA sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| ye chaha zAstroM ke jJAtA tathA phArasI ke adhyetA the 17 siddhicandragaNi ne dhAtumaMjarI nAmaka grantha kI racanA vi.saM. 1650 (I. san 1593) 58 aura kAvyaprakAza - khaNDana kI racanA vi.saM. 1703 ( I. san 1646) 59 meM kI thI tathA vAsavadattA kI TIkA saMvat 1722 (I. san 1665 ) meM kI thI / ataH inakA sAhityikaukta tithiyoM ke madhya mAnanA hogaa| itanA lambA sAhityika kAla inake dIrghajIvI hone kA puSTa pramANa hai / jaisA ki prArambha meM kahA gayA hai ki siddhicandragaNi eka mahAn TIkAkAra aura sAhityakAra the / inheM vyAkaraNa - nyAya aura sAhitya - zAstra kA Thosa jJAna thA, jisakI puSTi unake dvArA race gaye sAhitya se hotI hai| sUkti- ratnAkara inake gahana adhyayana aura pANDitya kA dyotaka hai| unake dvArA viracita adyAvadhi jJAta granthoM kI saMkhyA 19 hai, jinake nAma nimna prakAra haiM- kAdambarI uttarArddha TIkA, zobhanastuti TIkA, vRddhaprastAvoktiratnAkara, bhAnucandra-carita, bhaktAmara stotra - vRtti, tarkabhASA - TIkA, jinazataka - TIkA, vAsavadattA-TIkA, kAvyaprakAza-khaNDana, anekArthopasarga-vRtti, dhAtumaMjarI, AkhyAtavAdaTIkA, prAkRtasubhASita-saMgraha, sUktiratnAkara, maMgalavAda, saptasmaraNavRtti, lekhalikhanapaddhati aura saMkSipta - kAdambarI - kathAnaka 10 isake atirikta kAvyaprakAza - khaNDana meM kAvyaprakAza para likhI gayI guru nAmaka bRhad TIkA kA bhI ullekha milatA hai 11 kAvyaprakAzakhaNDana : AcArya mammaTa viracita kAvyaprakAza kA sIdhA-sIdhA artha lagAnA hI duSkara hai, punaH usakA khaNDana karanA to aura bhI atiduSkara hai, kintu AcArya siddhicandragaNi ne kAvyaprakAza kA khaNDana kara apanI prakhara buddhi kA merudaNDa sthApita kiyA hai| inhoMne kAvyaprakAza ke unhIM sthaloM kA khaNDana kiyA hai, jinameM unakI asahamati thii| prastuta racanA ke kAraNoM para prakAza DAlate hue muni jinavijaya ne likhA hai ki- 'mahAkavi mammaTa ne kAvya-racanA viSayaka jo vistRta vivecana apane vizada grantha meM kiyA hai, usameM se kisI lakSaNa, kisI udAharaNa, kisI pratipAdana evaM kisI nirasana sambandhI ullekha ko siddhicandragaNi ne ThIka nahIM mAnA hai aura isalie unhoMne apane mantavya ko vyakta karane ke lie prastuta racanA kA nirmANa kiyA 162 ataH isa AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 617 For Private And Personal Use Only -

Page #627
grantha ke adhyayana se unakI navIna mAnyatAoM para prakAza par3atA hai aura vairAgya kI jhalaka bhI dRSTigocara hotI hai| 'kAvyaprakAza-khaNDana' kAvyaprakAza kI taraha dasa ullAsoM meM vibhakta hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainAcAryoM ne anya aneka viSayoM ke sAtha hI lokavyavahAra meM prayukta hone vAle alaMkArazAstrIya siddhAntoM kA bhI samyak vivecana kiyA hai, jisase unake ihaloka viSayaka jJAna kI bhI puSTi hotI hai| sandarbha 1. jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga-2, pR. 590. 2. prabhAvaka carita-AryarakSitacarita, pR. 9-18. AryarakSita kA jIvana carita prabhAvaka carita ke pUrva racita granthoM-Avazyaka cUrNi aura Avazyakamalayagiri-vRtti Adi meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| 3. sundarapaa. viNNANaM vimlaalNkaarrehisriirN| suhadeviaMca kavvaM ca paNavia pvrnnnnddddhN||1|| 4. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-5, pR. 99. 5. prAkRta bhASA kA ekamAtra AlaMkArika grantha alaMkAra darpaNa-gurudeva zrIratnamuni smRtigrantha, pR. 394-398. 6. 'prAkRta bhASA kA ekamAtra alaMkArazAstraH alNkaardppnn'| -marudharakezarI munizrI mizrImalajI ___mahArAja abhinandana grantha meM prakAzita, caturtha khaNDa, pR. 429. 7. aNahillapATalaM puramavanipatiH krnndevnRpsuunuH| zrIkalazanAmadheyaH karI ca jagatIha rtnaani|| -vAgbhaTAlaMkAra, 4/132. 8. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 328. gaNeza tryaMbaka dezapAMDe ne vAgbhaTa kA lekhana kAla IsvI san 1122 se 1156 mAnA hai| -bhAratIya sAhitya-zAstra, pR. 135. 9. zataikAdazake sASTAsaptatau vikrmaarktH| vatsarANAM vyatikrAnte shriimunicndrsuuryH|| ArAdhanAvidhizreSThaM kRtvA praayopveshnm| zamapIyUSakallolaplutAste tridivaM yayuH / / vatsare tatra caikatra pUrNe zrIdevasUribhiH / zrIvIrasya pratiSThAM sa thAhaDo kaarynmudaa|| -prabhAvakacarita, vAdidevasUricarita, 71-73. 10. hisTrI Apha iMDiyana liTarecara (ema. vinTaranitsa), vAlyUma sekeNDa, pR. 282. 11. prabhAvakacarita, hemacandrasUricarita, zloka-34. 12. kumArapAla pratibodha, hemacandrajanmAdivarNana. pa. 21. 13. hemacandrAcArya kA ziSya maNDala, pR. 4. 14. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-5, pR. 100. 15. zabda-pramANa-sAhitya chndolkssmvidhaayinaam| zrI hemacandrapAdAnAM prasAdAya namo nmH|| - hindI nATya-darpaNa, vivRtti, antima prazasti, padya-1. sUtradhAra-dattaH zrImadAcAryahemacandrasya ziSyeNa rAmacandreNa viracitaM nalavilAsAbhidhAnamAdyaM 618 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #628
ruupkmbhinetumaadeshH| - nalavilAsa, pR. 1. zrImadAcAryazrIhemacandraziSyasya prabandhazatakarturmahAkaveH rAmacandrasya bhUyAMsaH prbndhaaH| - nirbhayabhIma vyAyoga, pR.1. 16. Aha zrIhemacandrasya na ko'pyevaM hi cintakaH / AdyopyabhUdilApAlaH satpAtrAbhbhodhicandramAH / / sajjJAnamahimasthairya munInAM kiM na jaayte| kalpadrumasame rAjJi tvayIdRzi kRtasthitau / / astyAmuSyAyaNo rAmacandrAkhyaH kRtishekhrH| prAptarekhaH prAptarUpaH saMghe vishvklaanidhiH|| -vahI, pR. 131-133. 17. prabandha-cintAmaNi, kumArapAlAdiprabandha, pR. 89. 18. paMcaprabandhamiSapaMcamukhAnakena vidvanmanaH sadasi nRtyati yasya kiirtiH| vidyAtrayISaNamacumbitakAvyatandraM kastaM na veda sukRtI kila raamcndrm|| -nalavilAsanATaka, prastAvanA, pR. 33. 19. prANAH kavitvaM vidyAnAM lAvaNyamiva yossitaam| vidyavedito'pyamai tato nityaM kRtspRhaaH|| -prArambhika prazasti, 9. shbdlkssm-prbhaalkssm-kaavylkssm-kRtshrmH| vAgvilAsastrimArgo no pravAha iva jaahnjH|| -antima prazasti, 4. 20. dI nATyadarpaNa oNpha rAmacandra eNDa guNacandraH e kriTIkala sTaDI, pR. 221-222, nalavilAsa ke saMpA, jI.ke. gonDekara evaM nATyadarpaNa ke hindI vyAkhyAkAra AcArya vizvezvara ne ukta granthoM kI bhUmikA meM rAmacandra ke jJAta granthoM kI kula saMkhyA 39 mAnI hai| 21. alaMkAramahodadhi, prArambhika prazasti, 1/6. 22. tasya garoH priyaziSyaH prabhunarendraprabhaH prabhAvADhyaH / yo'laMkAramahodadhimakarot kAkutsthakeliM c|| -mahAmAtya vastupAla kA sAhitya maNDala aura saMskRta sAhitya meM usakI dena, vibhAga 2, adhyAya-5, pR. 104-106 23. vahI, vibhAga-3, adhyAya-14, pR. 225. 24. draSTavya-alaMkAra-mahodadhi, prArambhika prazasti, 1/17-18. 25. tulanA kIjie-alaMkAra-mahodadhi, 1/10 kI TIkA aura kAvyAnuzAsana, 1/10 kI svopajJa __alaMkAra-cUr3AmaNi TIkA meN| 26. mahAmAtya vastupAla kA sAhitya maNDala aura saMskRta sAhitya meM usakI dena, pR. 90. 27. terahavIM-caudahavIM zatAbdI ke jaina saMskRta mahAkAvya, pR. 255 evaM jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-6, pR. 77, 514. 28. draSTavya-saMskRta zAstroM kA itihAsa, pR. 240. 29. dhammakkhANaya kosa (dharmAkhyAna koza) ke TIkAkAra, vi.saM. 1166 -jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-6, pR. 253. cUnar3IrAsa, nirjharapaMcamIkahArAsa aura kalyANarAsa ke racayitA apabhraMza kavi (I. 12vIM zatI)-tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, bhAga-4, pR. 191. kAlikAcArya kathA (prAkRta) ke racayitA evaM raviprabha ke ziSya (saM. 1286)-jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-6, pR. 210. kAlikAcArya kathA (saMskRta) ke racayitA evaM ratnasiMhasUri ke ziSya (14vIM zatI), vahI, AlaMkArika aura alaMkArazAstra :: 619 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #629
pR. 211. AdinAtha caritra ke racayitA (vi.saM 1474), jinaratnakoza, pR. 28. 30. kAvyazikSA, bhUmikA, pR. 10. 31. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-6, pR. 121. 32. vahI, pR. 210. 33. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, khaNDa-4, pR. 309. 34. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-5, pR. 122. 35. jaina-sandeza (zodhAMka 2), 18 disambara, 1958, pR. 79. 36. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, bhAga-4, pR. 31. 37. mahAvIra jayantI smArikA, apraila, 1963, pR. 95. 38. jaina sandeza (zodhAMka 2), 18 disambara, 1958, pR. 79. 39. alaMkAra-cintAmaNi, 1/5. 40. atrodAharaNaM puurvpuraannaadisubhaassitm| puNyapuruSasaMstotraparaM stotramidaM ttH|| -alaMkAra cintAmaNi, 1/5. 41-44. kAvyAnuzAsana, vAgbhaTa, alaMkAratilaka-vRtti 45. zrI yatIndrasUri abhinandana grantha, 'mantrImaNDana aura unakA gauravazAlI vaMza', pR. 128. 134. 46. pArzvanAtha-carita, prazasti 47. AcAryabhAvadevena praacyshaastrmhoddheH| AdAya sAraratnAni kRto alNkaar-sNgrhH|| -kAvyAlaMkAra sAra-saMgraha, 8/8. 48. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pR. 395 kA sandarbha 49. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 396.. 50. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, khaNDa-4, pR. 83. 51. draSTavya-jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR. 396-397. 52. draSTavya-jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-6, pR. 67. 53. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, pR. 554. 54. kAdambarI-TIkA uttarArddha kI antima prazasti 55. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, pR. 554. 56. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-6, pR. 219. 57. kartA zatAvadhAnAnAM vijetonmttvaadinaam| vettA SaDapi zAstrANAmadhyetA phaarsiimpi|| -(bhaktAmarastotravRtti), bhAnucandragaNicarita, pR. 59. 58. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-5, pR. 45. 59. saMvat 1703 varSe Azvina zudi 5 guro likhitm| - kAvyaprakAza-khaNDana, pR. 101 / bhAnucandragaNi carita saMgRhIta kAvyaprakAza khaNDana kI prazasti meM lekhanakAla saMvat 1722 likhA hai| -bhAnucandragaNi carita, pR. 62.. 60. bhAnucandragaNicarita, inTroDakzana, pR. 71-74. 61. asmatkRtabRhaTTIkAto avaseyaH (pR. 3) gurunAmnA bRhaTTIkAtaH, pR. 94. 62. kAvyaprakAza-khaNDana-kiMcit prAstAvika, pR. 3. 620 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #630
Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA AcArya rAjakumAra jaina bahuta hI kama loga isa tathya ko jAnate haiM ki jisa prakAra vaidika sAhitya se Ayurveda kA nikaTa sambandha hai, usI prakAra jaina sAhitya aura jainadharma se bhI Ayurveda kA nikaTatama sambandha hai| jaina sAhitya se Ayurveda kI nikaTatA kA anumAna isa tathya se sahaja hI lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki jaina vAGmaya meM anya viSayoM kI bhA~ti Ayurveda zAstra yA vaidyaka viSaya kI prAmANikatA bhI pratipAdita hai| jainAgama meM vaidyaka (Ayurveda) viSaya ko bhI jinAgama ke aMga ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha eka mahattvapUrNa jJAtavya tathya hai, ki jainAgama meM kevala usI zAstra, viSaya yA Agama kI prAmANikatA svIkRta kI gayI hai jo sarvajJa dvArA kathita yA sarvajJa jinendra deva ke vacanoM para AdhArita evaM pratipAdita hai| sarvajJa kathana ke atirikta anya kisI viSaya kA jaina Agama meM koI sthAna yA mahattva nahIM hai| jainadharma meM aise sabhI zAstroM ko zruta kahA jAtA hai, jo sarvajJa jinendra deva ke vacanoM ke AdhAra para racita hote haiM yA jinameM jinendra deva ke vacana sAkSAt nibaddha hoN| vartamAna meM dhArmika granthoM ke rUpa meM, AcArazAstra ke rUpa meM, nItizAstra ke rUpa meM, gaNitazAstra, jyotiSa grantha, vyAkaraNa grantha, Ayurveda grantha Adi ke rUpa meM jo bhI sAhitya upalabdha hai, vaha-saba jainadharma ke antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI upadeza paramparA se sambaddha hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI divyadhvani ko avadhAraNa karane vAle unake pradhAna gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko dhAraNa kara use bAraha aMga aura caudaha pUrva ke rUpa meM nibaddha kiyA thaa| yaha sampUrNa sAhitya dvAdazAMga zruta kahalAtA hai| isa dvAdazAMga zruta ke pAragAmI zrutakevalI kahalAte haiN| jainadharma ke anusAra jJAna ke dhArakoM meM do prakAra ke jJAnI mahattvapUrNa mAne jAte haiM, jo pratyakSa jJAna aura parokSajJAna ke dhAraka hote haiN| pratyakSa jJAniyoM meM kevalajJAnI aura parokSa jJAniyoM meM zrutakevalI mahattvapUrNa haiN| kevalajJAnI samasta carAcara jagat ko pratyakSa jAnate aura dekhate haiM tathA zrutakevalI zAstra meM varNita pratyeka viSaya ko spaSTa jAnate haiN| dvAdazAMga zruta meM bArahavA~ jo dRSTivAda nAma kA aMga hai, usake pA~ca bhedoM ke Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 621 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #631
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir antargata eka pUrvagata nAma kA jo bheda hai, usake bhI caudaha bheda haiM / pUrvagata ke una caudaha bhedoM meM bArahavA~ bheda 'prANAvAya' ke nAma se kahA gayA hai| isa prANAvAya pUrva ke antargata hI aSTAMga Ayurveda kA kathana hai| jainAcAryoM ke anusAra yaha prANAvAya pUrva hI vaidyaka zAstra yA Ayurveda vidyA kA mUla hai| isa prANAvAya pUrva ke anusAra athavA isake AdhAra para hI paravartI AcAryoM ne vaidyaka sambandhI anyAnya granthoM kI racanA kI / zrI vIrasenAcArya ne 'kasAyapAhuDa' kI jayadhavalA TIkA meM dvAdazAMga zruta ke antargata 'prANAvAya pUrva' kI vyAkhyA nimna prakAra se kI hai " prANAvAyapavAdo dasavihapANANaM hANi - baiDhIo vaNNedi / hodu AuapANassa hANI AhAraNirohAdisamubbhUdakayalIghAdeNa, Na puna vaDDhI, ahiNavadiThadibaMdhavaDDhIe viNA ukkaiDhaNAe TThidisaMtavaiDhIe abhaavaado| Na esa doso, aTThahi AgAri sAhi AuaM baMdhamANajIvANamAuapANassa baDhidaMsaNAdo / karituraya - NarAyi-saMbaMddhamaMTThagamAuveyaM bhaditti vRttaM hodi / vuccade - zAlAkyaM kAyacikitsA bhUtataMtraM zalayamagadataMtraM rasAyanataMtraM bAlarakSA bIjavarddhanamiti Ayurvedasya aSTAMgAni / " arthAt prANAvAyapravAda nAma kA pUrva dasa prakAra ke prANoM kI hAni aura vRddhi kA varNana karatA hai (pA~ca indriya, tIna bala, Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa ye dasa prakAra ke prANa hote haiM) / AhAra nirodha Adi kAraNoM se utpanna hue kadalIghAta maraNa ke nimitta bhale hI Ayu prANa kI hAni ho jAve, parantu Ayu prANa kI vRddhi nahIM ho sakatI; kyoMki navIna sthitibandha kI vRddhi hue binA utkarSaNa ke dvArA kevala sattA meM sthita karmoM kI sthiti kI vRddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai, yaha koI doSa nahIM hai; kyoMki ATha apakarSoM ke dvArA Ayukarma kA bandha karane vAle jIvoM ke AyuprANa kI vRddhi dekhI jAtI hai| yaha (prANAvAyapravAda pUrva) hAthI, ghor3A, manuSya Adi se sambandha rakhane vAle aSTAMga Ayurveda kA kathana hai| Ayurveda ke ATha aMga kauna se haiM? batalAte haiM - zAlAkya, kAyacikitsA, bhUtatantra, zalya, agadatantra, rasAyanatantra, bAlarakSA aura bIjavardhana ye Ayurveda ke ATha aMga haiM / rAjavArtika meM prANAvAya kA svarUpa nimna prakAra se ullikhita hai"kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgamAyurvedaH bhUtikarmajAMguliprakramaH prANApAnavibhAgo'pi yatra vistareNa varNitaH tatprANAvAyam / ' 12 arthAt jisa zAstra meM kAya, tadgata doSa aura cikitsA Adi aSTAMga Ayurveda kA varNana vistArapUrvaka ho, pRthvI Adi mahAbhUtoM kI kriyA, viSaile prANiyoM aura unake viSa kI cikitsA Adi tathA prANa - apAna kA vibhAga jisameM vistArapUrvaka varNita ho, vaha " prANAvAya" hai / Azaya kA aisA hI kathana gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa) kI karnATaka vRtti meM nimna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai 622 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #632
"prANAnAmAvAdaH prarUpaNamasminniti prANAvAdaM dvAdazaM pUrva mdu| kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgamAyurbedamaM bhUtikarmajAMgulikaprakramaM IlApiMgalasuSumnAdibahuprakAra prANApAnavibhAgamaM dazaprANaMga-lupakArakApakAraka dravyaMgalumaM gatyAdyanusAradiMvarNisugumalli dvilakSaguNita paMcAzaduttaraSaTzatapadaMgalutrayodazakoTigalappuvaM budrth| 13 ko 13000000013 jIvatattvapradIpikA saMskRta chAyA-prANAnAM AvAdaH prarUpaNamasminniti prANAvAyaM dvAdazaM pUrva, tacca kAyacikitsAdyaSTAMgamAyurveda bhUtikarmajAMgulikaprakramaM ilApiMgalAsuSumnAdibahuprakAra prANApAnavibhAgaM dazaprANAnAM upakArakadravyANi gatyAdyanusAreNa vrnnyti| tatra dvilakSaguNita paMcAzaduttaraSaTchatAni padAni trayodazakoTaya ityartha : 13 ko| - arthAt prANoM kA AvAda-kathana jisameM hai, vaha prANAvAda nAmaka bArahavA~ pUrva hai| vaha kAyacikitsA Adi aSTAMga Ayurveda, jananakarma, jAMguliprakrama, Ir3A-piMgalA-suSumnAdi aneka prakAra ke prANa-apAna (zvAsocchvAsa) ke vibhAga tathA dasa prANoM ke upakAraka apakAraka dravya kA gati Adi ke anusAra varNana karatA hai| usameM do lAkha se guNita chaha sau pacAsa arthAt teraha karor3a pada haiN| dvAdazAMga ke antargata nirUpita prANAvAya pUrva nAmaka aMga mUlata: ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM lipibaddha hai| isa prANAvAya pUrva ke AdhAra para hI anyAnya jainAcAryoM ne vibhinna vaidyaka granthoM kA praNayana kiyA hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne bhI prANAvAya pUrva ke AdhAra para hI kalyANakAraka nAma ke vaidyaka grantha kI racanA kii| isa tathya kA ullekha AcArya zrI ne apane kalyANakAraka nAmaka grantha meM sthAna-sthAna para kiyA hai| isake atirikta grantha ke anta meM unhoMne spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai sarvArthAdhikamAgadhIvilasad bhASAparizeSojvalaprANAvAyamahAgamAdavitathaM saMgrahya sNksseptH| ugrAdityagururguruguNairudbhAsi saukhyAspadaM zAstraM saMskRtabhASayA racitavAnityeSa bhedstyoH|| arthAt sampUrNa artha ko pratipAdita karane vAlI ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM jo atyanta sundara prANAvAya nAmaka mahAgama (mahAzAstra) hai, use yathAvat saMkSepa rUpa se saMgraha kara ugrAditya guru ne uttamottama guNoM se yukta sukha ke sthAnabhUta isa (kalyANakAraka) zAstra kI saMskRta bhASA meM racanA kii| ina donoM (prANAvAya aura kalyANakAraka) meM yahI antara hai| uparyukta vivaraNa ke anusAra Ayurveda ke ATha aMga hote haiN| sthAnAMga meM bhI Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM kI carcA kI gayI hai| yathA "aTTavidhe Auvede paNNate taM jahA - kumArabhicca kAyatigicchA sAlAtI sallahattA jaMgolI bhUtavejjA khArataMte rsaaynne|''6 arthAt aSTavidha Ayurveda kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| yathA-kaumArabhRtya, kAyacikitsA, Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 623 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #633
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zAlAkya, zalyahartA (zalyatantra), jaMgolI (agadatantra), bhUtavidyA, kSAratantra (vAjIkaraNa) aura rsaayn| Ayurveda zAstra meM bhI ATha aMgoM kA hI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| maharSi suzruta ke anusAra-"tadyathA-zalyaM zAlAkyaM kAyacikitsA bhUtavidyA kaumArabhRtyamagadatantraM rsaayntntrNvaajiikrnntntrmiti|" arthAt zalyatantra, zAlAkya tantra, kAyacikitsA, kaumArabhRtya, bhUtavidyA, agadatantra, rasAyana aura vAjIkaraNa ye ATha aMga Ayurveda ke hote __ isa prakAra dvAdazAMga meM Ayurveda kA pratipAdana hone se jainadharma meM Ayurveda kI prAmANikatA spaSTa hai| aba yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki ise aMgapraviSTa ke antargata rakhA jAya yA aMgabAhya ke antargata, kyoMki AcAryoM ke anusAra zrutajJAna do prakAra kA hotA hai : 1. aMgapraviSTa aura 2. aMgabAhya / dvAdazAMga kA varNana aMgapraviSTa ke antargata kiyA gayA hai, jisameM dRSTivAda nAmaka bArahavA~ aMga aura usake bheda-prabheda bhI samAviSTa haiN| kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha bhI abhimata hai ki vartamAna meM dRSTivAdAMga pUrNataH lupta ho cukA hai, usakA koI bhI bheda kisI bhI rUpa meM vidyamAna nahIM hai| ataH tadviSayaka jo grantha Ajakala milate haiM, ve sarvajJa ke sAkSAt vacana na hokara unake vacanoM ko AdhAra banAkara racita granthoM para AdhArita haiN| Ayurveda, jise prANAvAya kI saMjJA dI gayI hai, para bhI yaha bAta lAgU hotI hai| aisI sthiti meM use aMgapraviSTa zruta mAnanA ucita nahIM hai, kintu yaha tarka samIcIna pratIta nahIM hotaa| Aja bhI bArahaveM dRSTivAda aMga kA kucha bhAga upalabdha hai| zAstrakAroM AcAryoM ne pahale hI aMgapraviSTa zruta ke bAraha aura aMgabAhya zruta ke caudaha bheda batalAe haiN| inameM koI bhI parivartana yuktiyukta pratIta nahIM hotaa| ataH Ayurveda yA prANAvAya ko aMgabAhya meM ginanA tarkasaMgata nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| anuyoga ke antargata __ jaina siddhAntoM yA jaina mAnyatAoM ke avalambanapUrvaka jainAcAryoM ke dvArA jo bhI grantha race gaye haiM, usa sampUrNa jaina vAGmaya ko cAra anuyogoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| yathA-prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura drvyaanuyog| jina zAstroM meM tIrthaMkara, cakravartI Adi mahApuruSoM ke caritra (jIvana-prasaMgoM) kA vistAra-pUrvaka varNana ho vaha prathamAnuyoga hai, jisa zAstra meM guNasthAna, mArgaNA Adi rUpa jIva kA, karmoM kA tathA triloka Adi kA nirUpaNa ho vaha karaNAnuyoga hai, jisa zAstra meM zrAvaka (gRhastha) evaM zramaNa (muni) dharma ke AcaraNa kA nirUpaNa vistArapUrvaka ho vaha caraNAnuyoga hai tathA jisa zAstra meM Sadravya, sapta tattva Adi saiddhAntika viSayoM tathA sva-para-bhedavijJAna Adi viSaya kA samIcIna nirUpaNa kiyA gayA ho, vaha dravyAnuyoga hai| isa caturvidha anuyoga meM Ayurveda viSaya kA kathana kisake antargata kiyA gayA hai? isa 624 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #634
para vicAra apekSita hai| ina cAra anuyogoM ke antargata tattat viSayaka granthoM kA parigaNana kiyA gayA hai, kintu jainAcAryoM ne isakA spaSTa ullekha kahIM nahIM kiyA ki prANAvAya pUrva (Ayurveda) viSaya kA avalambana kara racita granthoM kA parigaNana kisa anuyoga ke antargata kiyA jAye?.... jabaki svAmI samantabhadra, pUjyapAda Adi manISI aura udbhaTa jainAcAryoM ke dvArA Ayurveda viSaya ko adhikRta kara grantha racanA kI gayI hai| dvAdazAMgAntargata prANAvAya pUrva kA parigaNana aura isa viSaya ko adhikRta kara jaina vidvAnoM dvArA grantha-racanA se isa viSaya kI prAmANikatA asandigdha rUpa se pratipAdita hotI hai| aisI sthiti meM kisI anuyoga ke antargata isakA parigaNana nahIM kiyA jAnA kucha vismayakAraka hI mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa viSaya para jaba gambhIratApUrvaka adhyayana aura manana kiyA gayA, to sahaja hI yaha tathya udghATita huA ki jaina muniyoM, vidvAnoM evaM manISI AcAryoM ne prANAvAya pUrva (Ayurveda) para AdhArita jina granthoM kA praNayana kiyA hai, unameM se aneka granthoM meM sarvAMga pUrNa Ayurveda kA pratipAdana hai| una granthoM kA adhyayana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki Ayurveda mAtra cikitsA-zAstra hI nahIM hai, apitu isameM AhAragata pathya vyavasthA tathA sAmAnya AhAra-vihAra ke niyamoM kA vyApaka rUpa se pratipAdana hai| kisa prakAra ke AhAra-vihAra kA prabhAva manuSya ke svAsthya para kaise par3atA hai aura kisa prakRti vAle manuSya ke lie kauna-sA AhAra-vihAra hitakara aura kauna-sA ahitakara hai? isakI vistRta vivakSA kI gayI hai| manuSya ko prAtaH brAhmamuhUrta meM uThakara kauna-kauna sI kriyAe~ dainika rUpa se karanA cAhie, arcana, pUjana, vandana, AhAracaryA, vizrAma Adi kA vivecana vistArapUrvaka dinacaryA prakaraNa ke antargata kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra rAtricaryA ke antargata zayana Adi nizAkAlIna caryA ke niyama batalAye gaye haiM ki svastha aura rogI vyakti ko kaba-kaba kisa prakAra aura kitanI nidrA lenI cAhie? tathA dina meM sone se kyA hAni yA guNa hote haiM? ityAdi viSayoM para yuktiyukta rUpa se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| ___ isake atirikta manuSya ke AcaraNa kI zuddhi para vizeSa jora diyA gayA hai aura isake lie sAtvika AhAra-sevana kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| AcaraNa kI zuddhatA hetu dUSita manobhAvoM ke parityAga kA nirdeza karate hue saMyamapUrvaka jIvana-yApana, ahiMsA kA paripAlana Ayurveda zAstra karatA hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya dvArA praNIta kalyANakAraka grantha jo sampUrNataH Ayurveda viSaya ko hI ullikhita karatA hai, meM madya, mAMsa, madhu kA sevana varjita karate hue kisI bhI rUpa meM inake sevana kA ullekha nahIM hai| yaha isa grantha kI maulika vizeSatA hai| yaha grantha yathArthataH jaina dRSTikoNa aura jina-mArga kA anusaraNa karate hue racA gayA hai| manuSya ke AcaraNa-sambandhI anyAnya viSaya isameM Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 625 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #635
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pratipAdita haiN| manuSya ke vyaktigata dainika AcaraNa kA prabhAva usake svAsthya para kisa prakAra par3atA hai aura mithyA yA ahita AcaraNa kisa prakAra rogotpatti kA mUla kAraNa hai tathA vyAdhitAvasthA meM upavAsa, ahita dravyoM ke sevana se virati, ubAle hue jala kA sevana, auSadhi evaM pathya sevana hetu niyata kAla kA nirdeza Adi samasta viSaya manuSya ke AcaraNa se sambandhita haiM aura yahI Ayurveda kA mukhya pratipAdya hai| Ayurveda yA vaidyaka vidyA meM cikitsA sambandhI siddhAntoM ke pratipAdana ke atirikta AhAra-caryA evaM AcaraNa-sambandhI viSayoM kI pramukhatA dI gayI hai| rogopacAra hetu bhI pathya ke antargata AhAra sambandhI niyamoM tathA AcaraNa-sambandhI anyAnya sAvadhAniyoM kI samIcIna vyavasthA kI gayI hai| jaise jvara meM laMghana (upavAsa) kA nirdeza, uSNodaka sevana kA vidhAna, vizrAma Adi kA nirdesh| kAsa-zvAsa meM dahI, kelA, ur3ada kI dAla kA niSedha, AyAsa, adhvagamana, divAzayana Adi kA niSedha tathA laghu aura uSNaguNa-pradhAna AhAra sevana kA vidhAna / isI prakAra anya sabhI vyAdhiyoM meM hitAhita viveka pUrvaka pathyApathya kA vidhAna batalAyA gayA hai| sabhI prakAra kI AhAra-caryA tathA manuSya dvArA kI jAne vAlI kriyAe~ manuSya ke AcaraNa kI hI aMga haiN| ataH unheM dvividha AcaraNa ke antargata mAnA jA sakatA hai-hitAcaraNa aura ahitaacrnn| isa prakAra yaha AyurvedazAstra bhI eka prakAra kA AcAra-zAstra hI hai| sampUrNa jaina vAGmaya ko cAra anuyogoM meM vibhAjita karane kI dRSTi se uparyukta vivecana ke AdhAra para Ayurveda zAstra ko caraNAnuyoga ke antargata parigaNita kiyA jA sakatA hai| caraNAnuyoga meM sabhI prakAra kA AcAra (AcAra-vihAra, AcaraNa Adi) ullikhita hai| ataH Ayurveda meM AcaraNa-sambandhI niyamoM evaM siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana hone se vaha bhI caraNAnuyoga ke antargata parigaNita kiyA jAnA caahie| isa prakAra jaina dharmAnusAra AyAda bhI anya zAstra yA vidyAoM kI bhA~ti dvAdazAMga zruta ke antargata vivakSita hai| dvAdazAMga zruta cU~ki tIrthaMkara kI vANI dvArA udghATita hai, tadvat Ayurveda bhI tIrthaMkara kI vANI dvArA udbhuta hai| isakA pratipAdana zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne nimna prakAra se kiyA hai divyadhvani-prakaTitaM paramArthajAtaM sAkSAttathA gaNadharo'dhijage smstm| pazcAt gaNAdhipanirUpitavAkprapaMcamaSTArthanirmaladhiyo munyo'dhigmuH|| evaM jinaantr-nibndhnsiddhmaargaadaayaatmaaytmnaakulmrthgaaddhm| svAyambhuvaM sakalameva sanAtanaM tat sAkSAt zrutadalaiH shrutkevlibhyH|| __ arthAt isa prakAra kI bhagavAna kI divyadhvani dvArA prakaTita (Ayurveda sambandhI) samasta (cAra prakAra ke) tattvoM ko sAkSAt gaNadhara parameSThI ne jAna liyaa| tadanantara gaNadharoM dvArA nirUpita vastu svarUpa ko nirmala mati, zruta, avadhi evaM manaHparyaya jJAnako 626 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #636
dhAraNa karane vAle yogiyoM ne jAna liyaa| isa prakAra yaha sampUrNa Ayurveda zAstra RSabhanAtha tIrthaMkara ke bAda ajitanAtha, sambhavanAtha Adi caturviMzati (mahAvIra) tIrthaMkara paryanta anavarata rUpa se calA AyA hai| (arthAt caubIsoM tIrthaMkaroM ne isakA pratipAdana kiyA hai|) yaha atyanta vistRta hai, doSa-rahita hai tathA gambhIra vivecana se yukta hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke mukhAravinda se svayaM prakaTa hone ke kAraNa 'svAyambhuva' (svayambhU) hai / anAdikAla se cale Ane ke kAraNa (bIjAMkura nyAya se) sanAtana hai aura govardhana, bhadrabAhu Adi zruta kevaliyoM ke mukha se alpAMga jJAnI yA aMgAMga jJAnI muniyoM ke dvArA sAkSAt sunA huA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki zrutakevaliyoM ne anya muniyoM ko isa zAstra kA upadeza diyaa| isa prakAra zrI ugrAdityAcArya ke ukta kathana se yaha suspaSTa hai ki yaha AyurvedazAstra triloka-hitArthI tIrthaMkaroM ke dvArA pratipAdita hone se jinAgama hai| unase gaNadhara, pratigaNadharoM ne ise grahaNa kiyA aura pratigaNadharoM/ zrutakevaliyoM evaM unake pazcAdvartI anya muniyoM ne yathAkrama se use jaanaa| isI krama meM jina muniyoM jainAcAryoM ne Ayurveda viSaya ko adhikRta kara vaidyaka granthoM kI racanA kI hai, unakA kramAnusAra varNana nimna prakAra haizrI samantabhadra (I. caturtha zatAbdI se pA~cavIM zatAbdI) dakSiNa kI digambara-AcArya-paramparA meM samantabhadra kA nAma vizeSa rUpa se smaraNIya hai| ye prasiddha vAdI, nyAya-vyAkaraNa-vaidyaka-siddhAnta meM niSNAta aura dArzanika the| ye pUjyapAda se pUrvavartI the| karnATaka meM isa mahAn tArkika kA avataraNa na kevala jaina itihAsa meM kintu samasta-dArzanika sAhitya ke itihAsa meM eka smaraNIya yugapravartaka rUpa se mAnA jAtA hai| bhadrabAhu, samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, akalaMka Adi AcAryoM ko dakSiNa ke prasiddha dravir3a saMgha ke nandisaMgha kA batAyA jAtA hai| AptamImAMsA' kI eka hastaprati ke anusAra samantabhadra uragapura (vartamAna uraiyUra, tamilanADu) ke rAjakumAra the| 'jinastutizataka' ke eka padya se jJAta hotA hai ki inakA mUla nAma zAntivarmA thaa| .. zravaNabelagola ke candragiri parvata para sthita pArzvanAthamandira meM lage 'malliSeNa prazasti' zilAlekha (san 1128) meM kahA gayA hai ki inako 'bhasmakavyAdhi' huI thI, jisa para inhoMne vijaya pAyI thI, padmAvatI devI se udAttapada prApta kiyA thA, apane mantroM se candraprabha kI mUrti prakaTa kI thii| kalikAla meM inhoMne jainadharma ko prazasta banAyA, saba tarapha se kalyANakArI hone ke kAraNa (bhadraM samantAd) ye 'samantabhadra' kahalAye 'vandyo bhasmakabhasmasAtkRtipaTuHpadmAvati devatA dattodAttapadaH svmntrvcnvyaahuutcndrprbhH| Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 627 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #637
AcAryaH sa samantabhadragaNabhRd yeneha kAle kalau jainaM vartma samantabhadramabhavad bhadraM samantAd muhuH||' prabhAcandra ke 'kathAkoza' meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki samantabhadra ne apanI 'bhasmaka' vyAdhi ke zamana ke lie veza badalakara aneka sthAnoM para bhramaNa kiyaa| anta meM vArANasI ke ziva mandira meM vipula naivedya se unakA roga dUra huaa| vahA~ ke rAjA ne unako ziva ko praNAma karane kI AjJA dI, taba unhoMne 'svayambhUstotra' kI racanA kii| usI samaya 'candraprabhastuti' ke paThana ke samaya zivaliMga se bhagavAna candraprabha kI mUrti prakaTa huii| zravaNabelagola ke ukta zilAlekha ke anusAra bAda meM unhoMne pATaliputra, mAlava, sindhu, Takka (paMjAba), kAMcI, vidizA, aura karahATaka (karhADa, mahArASTra) meM vAdoM meM vijaya prApta kara jainamata ko pratiSThita kiyaa| ___ unhoMne jaina sAhitya meM saMskRta ke upayoga ko puraskRta kiyaa| tArkika dRSTi se jainamata ko pratiSThApita kiyaa| ___ 'AptamImAMsA' yA 'devAgamastotra' inakI 'yugapravartaka' racanAe~ haiM / isameM mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA tarkabhUmi para pratipAdana karate hue 'syAdvAda' kA sarvaprathama, vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| yuktyanuzAsana' meM vividha ekAntavAdoM ko doSayukta pramANita karate hue 'anekAnta' vAda ko spaSTa rUpa se pratipAdita kiyA thaa| 'svayambhUstotra' aura jinastutizataka meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti hai| 'ratnakaraNDa' meM zrAvakoM ke lie samyak 'darzana', 'jJAna' aura 'cAritra' ke rUpa meM gRhasthoM ke dharmAcaraNa kA vistAra se spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| samantabhadra kA sAhitya vistRta nahIM hai, parantu maulika hone se bahuta pratiSThita hai| ___isakA kAla vIra ni.saM. kI dasavIM zatI (373 se 473 I.) mAnA jAtA hai| kucha vidvAna I. dUsarI yA tIsarI zatI mAnate haiN| aisI mAnyatA hai ki samantabhadra karnATaka ke kAravAra jile ke honnAvAra tAlluke (tahasIla) ke gerasappA ke samIpa 'heDalli' meM pITha banAkara nivAsa karate the| isa sthAna ko saMgItapura bhI kahate haiN| kannar3a bhASA meM 'hADDa' kA artha saMgIta aura 'hAllI' kA artha nagara yA pura hai| ataH hADalli kA saMskRta nAma saMgItapura hai| yahA~ candragiri aura indragiri nAmaka do parvata haiN| ina para samantabhadra tapazcaraNa karate the| gerasappanA ke jaMgala meM aba bhI zilAnirmita caturmukha mandira, jvAlAmAlinI mandira aura pArzvanAtha kA jaina caityAlaya hai| vahA~ dUrI taka prAcIna khaNDahara, mUrtiyA~ Adi milate haiM , jisase vahA~ vizAla bastI honA pramANita hotA hai|' aisI kiMvadantI hai ki yahA~ jaMgala meM eka 'siddharasakUpa' hai| kaliyuga meM dharmasaMkaTa paidA hone para isa rasakUpa kA upayoga hogaa| 'sarvAMjana' nAmaka aMjana A~kha meM A~jane se isa kUpa ko dekhA jA sakatA hai| isa aMjana kA prayoga samantabhadra ke 'puSpAyurveda' 628 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #638
grantha meM diyA gayA hai-aMjana ke nirmANa hetu puSpa bhI isI vana meM milate haiN| * samantabhadra vaidyaka aura rasavidyA meM bhI nipuNa the| unake aneka rasayoga pracalita haiM / samantabhadra se pUrva bhI aneka jaina muniyoM ne vaidyaka granthoM kI racanA kI thii| samantabhadra ne apane 'siddhAntarasAyanakalpa' grantha meM likhA hai __ 'zrImadabhallAtakAdrau vasati jinamuniH sUtavAde rasAbjaM' 10 anyatra bhI unhoMne likhA hai-'rasendra jainaagmsuutrbddhN'| isase jaina Agama meM pUrva se aneka vaidyaka va rasavAda sambandhI grantha vidyamAna honA pramANita hotA hai| ve saba racanAe~ aba kAlakavalita ho cukI haiN| samantabhadra bhI acche cikitsaka the| unake nimna vaidyaka granthoM kA patA calatA hai, vartamAna meM ye grantha alabhya haiM 1. aSTAMga-saMgraha 2. siddhAntarasAyanakalpa vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ke anusAra isameM aThAraha hajAra zloka honA batAyA jAtA hai, parantu aba isake kucha vacana idhara-udhara vikIrNa rUpa se anya granthoM meM udhata milate haiN| inako ekatrita karane para una zlokoM kI saMkhyA bhI do-tIna hajAra taka pahu~ca jAtI hai| isameM Ayurveda ke ATha aMgoM-kAya, bAla, graha, UrkhAga, zalya, daMSTrA, jarA aura viSa kA vivecana thaa| ____ yaha grantha jaina Ayurveda ke granthoM meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa thaa| isameM jaina siddhAntAnusAra viSayoM kA vivecana hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane grantha kalyANakAraka kI racanA zrI samantabhadra dvArA racita aSTAMga yukta grantha sambhavataH aSTAMga-saMgraha ke AdhAra para kI thI, jaisA ki unake nimna kathana se spaSTa hai aSTAMgamapyAkhilatra samantabhadraiH proktaM savistaravaco vibhvairvishessaat| saMkSepatonigaditaM tadihAtmazaktyA kalyANakArakamazeSapadArthayuktam / / " arthAt zrI samantabhadra svAmI dvArA atyanta vistArapUrvaka vANI vaibhava se vizeSataH sampUrNa aSTAMgayukta Ayurveda zAstra kA kathana kiyA gayA thaa| use hI apanI zakti ke anusAra saMkSipta rUpa se samasta padArthoM se yukta yaha kalyANakAraka mere dvArA kahA gayA hai| __isake atirikta AcArya samantabhadra dvArA racita eka anya grantha 'siddhAntarasAyanakalpa' kI carcA zrI vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne nimna prakAra se kI hai Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 629 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #639
AcArya samantabhadra hara-eka viSaya meM advitIya vidvattA ko dhAraNa karane vAle hue| Apane nyAya, siddhAnta ke viSaya meM jisa prakAra praur3ha prabhutva ko prApta kiyA thA, usI prakAra Ayurveda ke viSaya meM bhI advitIya vidvattA ko prApta kiyA thaa| Apake dvArA siddhAnta rasAyanakalpa nAmaka vaidyaka grantha kI racanA aThAraha hajAra zloka parimita kI gayI thI, parantu Aja vaha kIToM kA bhakSya bana gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM para usake kucha zloka milate haiM, jinakA saMgraha karane para 2-3 hajAra zloka sahaja saMgRhIta ho sakate haiN| ahiMsAdharmapremI AcArya ne apane grantha meM auSadhayoga meM pUrNa ahiMsA-dharma kA hI samarthana kiyA hai| isake alAvA Apake racita grantha meM jaina pAribhASika zabdoM kA prayoga evaM saMketa bhI tadanukUla diye gaye haiN| isalie artha karate samaya jainamata kI prakriyAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara artha karanA par3atA hai| udAharaNArtha 'ratnatrayauSadha' kA ullekha grantha meM AyA hai| isakA artha vajrAdi ratnatrayoM ke dvArA nirmita auSadhi aisA artha sarvasAmAnya dRSTi se pratIta hotA hai, kintu vaisA nahIM hai| jainadharma meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ko ratnatraya ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| ve jisa prakAra mithyA darzana, jJAna aura cAritra rUpa tridoSoM kA nAza karate haiM, usI prakAra rasa, gandhaka va pASANa ina tridhAtuoM kA amRtIkaraNa kara taiyAra hone vAlA rasAyana vAta, pitta va kapha rUpI tridoSa ko dUra karatA hai| ataeva usa rasAyana kA nAma 'ratnatrayauSadha' rakhA gayA hai| ___isI prakAra auSadhi nirmANa ke pramANa meM bhI jainamata prakriyA ke anusAra hI saMketa saMkhyAoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| jaise rasasindUra ko taiyAra karane ke lie kahA gayA hai ki "sUtaM kesari gandhakaM mRga navAsAraM drumaM ityaadi| yahA~ vicAraNIya viSaya yaha hai ki yaha pramANa kisa prakAra liyA huA hai? ise samajhane ke lie jainadharma kI kucha mUla bAtoM kA jJAna Avazyaka hai| jaise jainadharma meM caubIsa tIrthaMkara hote haiN| pratyeka tIrthaMkara kA eka cihna hotA hai, jise lAMchana kahate haiM / jaise prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA cihna vRSabha yA baila hai tathA caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA cihna siMha hai| usake anusAra jina tIrthaMkaroM ke cihna se pramANa kA ullekha kiyA jAya utanI hI saMkhyA meM pramANa kA grahaNa karanA caahie| udAharaNArtha, Upara ke vAkya meM 'sUtaM kesari' pada AyA hai| yahA~ kesari (siMha) caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA cihna hai, ata: kesarI zabda se 24 saMkhyA kA grahaNa karanA caahie| isI prakAra 'gaMdhaka mRga' yahA~ mRga solahaveM tIrthaMkara kA cihna hone se 16 saMkhyA kA grahaNa karanA caahie| abhipretArtha yaha huA ki pArada 24 bhAga pramANa aura gandhaka 16 bhAga pramANa ityAdi prakAra se artha grahaNa karanA caahie| samantabhadra ke grantha meM sarvatra isI prakAra ke sAMketika va pAribhASika zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| 630 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #640
puSpAyurveda AcArya samantabhadra ne isameM 18000 prakAra ke parAga-rahita puSpoM se nirmita rasAyanauSadhiprayogoM ke viSaya meM batAyA hai| vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne likhA hai-"isa puSpAyurveda grantha meM kri.pU.3 re zatamAna kI karNATaka kI lipi upalabdha hotI hai, jo-ki bahuta muzkila se vA~cane meM AtI hai| itihAsa saMzodhakoM ke lie yaha eka apUrva va upayogI viSaya hai| aThAraha hajAra jAti ke kevala puSpoM kA hI jisameM kathana ho, usa grantha kA mahattva kitanA hogA yaha bhI pAThaka vicAra kreN| abhI taka puSpAyurveda kA nirmANa jainAcAryoM ke sivAya aura kisI ne bhI nahIM kiyA hai| Ayurveda saMsAra meM yaha eka adbhuta cIja hai|"13 inake vistRta paricaya ke lie jainAcAryoM kA itihAsa dekhanA caahie| zrI samanta bhadra aura unake grantha 'siddhAntarasAyanakalpa' meM nihita prayogoM aura unakI nirmANaprakriyA se spaSTa hai ki rasavidyA kA paryApta vikAsa vikrama kI dvitIya zatAbdI meM dakSiNa bhArata meM ho cukA thaa| kintu Ayurveda ke vartamAna rasazAstra ke adhyetAoM evaM vidvAnoM ko isakI jAnakArI nahIM hone se rasazAstra ke vikAsa kA yaha kAla vikrama kI dvitIya zatAbdI se dasavIM zatAbdI taka andhakArAvRta rhaa| zrIpUjyapAda (devanandi) (464-524 I.) zrI pUjyapAda svAmI ne 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka vaidyaka grantha kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| isa tathya kI puSTi karnATaka (kannar3a) bhASA evaM saMskRti ke manISI vidvAna jainAcArya jagaddala somanAtha ne bhI kI hai| unhoMne bhI pUjyapAda svAmI dvArA likhita kalyANakAraka grantha kA karnATaka bhASA meM bhASAnuvAda kara use kannar3a lipi meM lipyantarita kiyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki yaha grantha kitanA mahattvapUrNa rahA hai| prastuta grantha meM pIThikA prakaraNa, paribhASA prakaraNa, SoDaza jvara-cikitsA-nirUpaNa Adi aSTAMga se saMyukta haiN| kannar3a bhASA ke vaidyaka granthoM meM yaha grantha sarvAdhika prAcIna evaM vyavasthita hai| pUjyapAda svAmI aura unake kalyANakAraka grantha kI carcA karate hue eka sthAna para AcArya jagaddala somanAtha ne spaSTa kiyA hai sukaraM tAnene pUjyapAdadamunigala muMpelada kalyANakArakam vAhaTasiddhasAracarakAdyutkRSTatamaM sadaguNAdhikama varjita madyamAMsamadhuMva kaNIraMdi lokarakSakamA citramadAge citrakavi somaM peldani talitayiM / / 4 AcArya vijayaNNa upAdhyAya dvArA likhita (saMkalita) 'sAra-saMgraha' nAmaka eka Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 631 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #641
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir grantha kI prati jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA meM surakSita hai| isa grantha meM jo maMgalAcaraNa diyA gayA hai, usameM bar3e spaSTa rUpa se pUjyapAda dvArA kathita kalyANakAraka grantha kA ullekha hai jisase spaSTa hai ki pUjyapAda svAmI ne 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka eka grantha kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| 'sAra-saMgraha' meM vihita maMgalAcaraNa nimna prakAra hai namaH zrIvardhamAnAya nirdhuutklilaatmne| kalyANakArako granthaH pUjyapAdena bhaassitH|| sarvalokopakArArthaM kathyate saarsNgrhH|| pUjyapAda dvArA likhita Ayurveda ke aneka granthoM kA ullekha hai, jinameM se kucha nimna haiM-ratnAkarauSadha yoga grantha, bhaiSajyaguNArNava, vaidyasAra, nidAnamuktAvali, madanakAmaratna, vidyAvinoda, pUjyapAda-vaidyaka, vaidyakazAstra, nAr3IparIkSA aadi| yogaratnAkara meM pUjyapAda ke nAma se aneka rasayogoM ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, jisase pUjyapAda dvArA racita kisI vizAla rasagrantha hone kA saMketa milatA hai| isI prakAra 'vasavarAjIyam' nAmaka grantha meM bhI pUjyapAda ke nAma se aneka rasayoga uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| jaise-bhramaNAdi vAtaroga meM gandhaka rasAyana yoga ke anta meM likhA hai azIti vAtarogAMzca hyA~syaSThavidhAni c| manuSyANAM hitArthAya pUjyapAdena nirmitH|| isI prakAra kAlAgni rudrarasa ke pATha meM bhI pUjyapAda ke nAma kA ullekha nimna prakAra se hai azIti vAtajAn rogAn gulmaM ca grhnniigdaan| rasaH kAlAgnirudro'yaM puujypaadvinirmitH|| isake atirikta vAtAdi roga meM trikaTukAdi nasya ke pATha meM-pUjyapAdakRto yogo narANAM hitakAmyayA, jvarAMkuzarasa ke pATha meM-pUjyapAdopadiSTo'yaM sarvajvaragajAMkuzaH, caNDabhAnurase-nAmnAyaM caNDabhAnuH sakalagadaharo bhASitaH pUjyapAdaiH, zophamudgara rasezophamudgara nAmA'yaM pUjyapAdena nirmitaH / pAtrakesari yA pAtrasvAmI (chaThI zatI) ___ inake viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki ye dakSiNa ke ahicchatranagara ke rAjapurohita the| ye samantabhadra kI AptamImAMsA ko par3hakara atyanta prabhAvita hue aura inhoMne jainadharma aMgIkAra kara liyaa| ye digambara the| bauddhoM dvArA pratipAdita hetu ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana karane ke lie inhoMne padmAvatI devI kI kRpA se 'trilakSaNakadarzana' nAmaka grantha likhA 632 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #642
thaa| jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, ArA 1.5.103 ke anusAra zravaNabelagolA ke malliSeNaprazasti (san 128) meM isa prasaMga kA nimna ullekha milatA hai 'mahimA sa pAtrakesariguroH paraM bhavati yasya bhktyaasiit| padmAvatIsahAyAtrilakSaNakadarzanaM kartum / / ugrAdityAcArya ne apane grantha 'kalyANakAraka' meM zalyatantraM pAtra svAmI proktam (ka. kA. 20/85) ityAdi vAkya dvArA inake dvArA racita zalyatantra nAmaka grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha grantha vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| inakA kAla vIranirvANa kI gyArahavIM zatI (5vIM-6vIM zatI I.) mAnA jAtA hai| siddhasena yaha dakSiNa ke prAcIna prasiddha digambara AcArya the, jinhoMne 'agadatantra' (viSa) aura 'bhUtavidyA' (ugragrahazamana) para grantha likhA thaa| yaha aba aprApya hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane grantha 'kalyANakAraka' (pa. 20/85) meM inakA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai___ 'viSogragrahazamanavidhiH siddhasenaiH prsiddhaiH|' ataH inakA kAla 8vIM zatI se pUrva kA pramANita hotA hai| inake kAla va sthAna kA vizeSa paricaya nahIM milatA hai| meghanAda yaha dakSiNa kI digambara paramparA ke AcArya aura vaidyaka ke vidvAn the| inake dvArA viracita 'bAlavaidya' (kaumArabhRtya bAlacikitsA) kA ullekha ugrAdityAcArya ne apane grantha kalyANakAraka (paM. 20/85) meM isa prakAra kiyA hai-'meghanAdaiH zizUnAM vaidyN'| ataH inakA kAla 8vIM zatI se pUrva kA jJAta hotA hai| siMhanAda (siMhasena) inake nAma kA pAThAntara 'siMhasena' milatA hai| inhoMne 'bAjIkaraNa' aura 'rasAyana' para cikitsAgrantha likhA thaa| zrI ugrAdityAcArya ne apane grantha kalyANa kAraka (pa. 20/85) meM inakA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA hai-'vRSyaM ca divyAmRtamapi kathitaM siNhnaadairmuniindraiH|' / vRssy-baajiikrnn| divyAmRta-dIrghAyu dene vAlA shaastr-rsaayntntr| inakA kAla 8vIM zatI se pUrva kA pramANita hotA hai| Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 633 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #643
dazarathamuni yaha dakSiNa ke digambara muni the| inhoMne 'kAyacikitsA' para koI grantha likhA thaa| yaha vartamAna meM aprApta hai| zrI ugrAdityAcArya dvArA praNIta kalyANakAraka (pR. 20/85) meM inakA pUrvAcArya ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai-kAye sA cikitsA dshrthgurubhiH'| ___ sambhavataH ye ugrAditya ke guru rahe hoN| unake anya guru, jinakA kalyANakAraka meM do tIna sthAnoM para ullekha hai, kA nAma zrInandi thaa| 'AdipurANa' ke kartA jinasena ke dazarathaguru satIrtha (sahapAThI, gurubhAI) the| inake guru AcArya vIrasena (SaTkhaNDAgama para 'dhavalA' aura kaSAyaprAbhRta para 'jayadhavalA' TIkA ke racayitA) the| ye mUlasaMgha ke paMcAstUpAnvaya ke AcArya the| jinasena aura dazarathaguru ke prasiddha ziSya guNabhadra hue| uttarapurANa kI prazasti (zloka saM. 11-13) meM AcArya guNabhadra ne likhA hai-'jisa prakAra candramA kA sadharmI sUrya hotA hai, usI prakAra jinasena ke sadharmI yA satIrtha dazaratha guru the| jo-ki saMsAra ke padArthoM kA avalokana karAne ke lie advitIya netra the| inakI vANI se jagat kA svarUpa avagata kiyA jAtA thaa|' gommaTadeva muni yaha dakSiNa bhArata ke digambara AcArya the| inakA 'merutantra' yA 'merudaNDatantra' nAmaka vaidyagrantha kA ullekha milatA hai| isake pratyeka pariccheda ke anta meM pUjyapAda kA sammAnapUrvaka nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai| gommaTa deva ne 'merutantra' nAmaka vaidya grantha meM pUjyapAda ko apanA guru batalAte hue unake vaidyAmRta nAmaka grantha kA ullekha nimna prakAra se kiyA hai siddhAntasya ca vedino jinamate jainendra pANinya c| kalpa vyAkaraNAya te bhagavate devyAliyA raadhiyaa|| zrI jainendra vacassudhArasavaraiH vaidyAmRto dhaaryte| zrI pAdAsya sadA namo'stu gurave zrI pUjyapAdau muneH|| yaha grantha kannaDa bhASA meM rahA hogaa| aba yaha upalabdha nahIM hai| ataH ye pUjyapAda se paravartI haiN| jaina siddhA. bhavana ArA (bihAra) se prakAzita 'sArasaMgraha' meM gommaTadevakRta' nAr3IparIkSA aura jvaranidAna Adi ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| gommaTadeva muni ne merudaNDa tantra nAmaka grantha kA nirmANa kiyA thA, jisameM AyurvedIya cikitsA sambandhI rasayogoM kA ullekha hai| isa grantha meM lekhaka ne zrIpUjyapAda svAmI kA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa evaM ullekha kiyA hai| vartamAna meM yaha grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| zrIvardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne 'kalyANakAraka grantha ke apane sampAdakIya vaktavya meM 634 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #644
pRSTha 39 para isakA ullekha kiyA hai| isake atirikta zrI vijayaNNa upAdhyAya dvArA racita sArasaMgraha (aparanAma) akalaMka saMhitA meM pRSTha 33 se gommaTadeva muni ke 'merudaNDa tantra' ke nAr3I parIkSA, jvara nidAna Adi aneka prakaraNa saMkalita haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki gommaTadeva muni dvArA racita yaha grantha pUrva meM vidyamAna thaa| kalyANakAraka aura usakA kartA ugrAdityAcArya dakSiNa ke jainAcAryoM dvArA racita 'Ayurveda' yA 'prANAvAya' ke upalabdha granthoM meM ugrAdityAcArya dvArA racita 'kalyANakAraka' sabase prAcIna, mukhya, sampUrNa aura mahattvapUrNa hai| prANAvAya kI prAcIna jaina paramparA kA digdarzana hameM ekamAtra isI grantha se prApta hotA hai| yahI nahIM, isakA anya dRSTi se bhI bahuta mahattva hai| IsavI AThavIM zatAbdI meM pracalita cikitsA-prayogoM aura rasauSadhiyoM se bhinna aura sarvathA navIna prayoga hameM isa grantha meM dekhane ko milate haiN| ___ sabase pahale 1922 meM narasiMhAcArya ne apanI puratattva sambandhI riporTa meM isa grantha ke mahattva aura viSayavastu ke vaiziSTya para nimnAMkita paMktiyoM meM prakAza DAlA thA, taba se aba taka isa para paryApta UhApoha kiyA gayA hai| "Another manuscirt of some interest is the medical work 'kalyanakaraka of Ugraditya, a jaina author, who was a contemporary of the Rastrakuta King Amoghvarsha I and of the eastern Chalulya king kali vishnuvardhan V. The work opens with the state meat that the science of medicine is divided into two parts, namely prevention and cure, and gives at the end a long discourse in sanskrit prose on the uselessness of a flesh diet. said to have been delivered by the author at the court of Amoghvarsha, where many learned men and doctors had assembled." ___ (Mysore Arechaeological Report, 1922 page 23) ___ arthAt "anya mahattvapUrNa hastalikhita grantha ugrAditya kA cikitsAzAstra para 'kalyANakAraka' nAmaka racanA hai| yaha vidvAn jaina lekhaka aura rASTrakUTa rAjA amoghavarSa prathama tathA pUrvI cAlukya rAjA kali viSNuvardhana paMcama kA samakAlIna thaa| grantha ke prArambha meM kahA gayA hai ki cikitsA vijJAna do bhAgoM meM ba~TA huA hai, jinake nAma haiM'pratibandhaka cikitsA' aura 'pratikArAtmaka cikitsA' tathA isa grantha ke anta meM saMskRta gadya meM mAMsAhAra kI nirarthakatA ke sambandha meM vistRta sambhASaNa diyA gayA hai jo batAyA jAtA hai ki amoghavarSa kI rAjasabhA meM lekhaka ne prastuta kiyA thA, jahA~ para aneka vidvAna aura cikitsaka ekatrita the| Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 635 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #645
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org granthakAra paricaya - grantha 'kalyANakAraka' meM kartA kA nAma ugrAditya diyA huA hai / unake mAtA-pitA aura mUla nivAsa Adi kA koI paricaya prApta nahIM hotA / parigraha kA tyAga karane vAle jaina sAdhu ke lie apane vaMza kA paricaya dene kA vizeSa Agraha aura AvazyakatA bhI pratIta nahIM hotI / hA~, guru kA aura apane vidyApITha kA paricaya vistAra se ugrAditya ne likhA hai / guru - ugrAditya ne apane guru kA nAma ' zrInandi' batAyA hai| vaha sampUrNa AyurvedazAstra (prANAvAya) ke jJAtA the| unase ugrAditya ne prANAvAya meM varNita doSoM, doSaja ugrarogoM aura unakI cikitsA Adi kA saba prakAra se jJAna prApta kara isa grantha kalyANakAraka meM pratipAdana kiyA hai|" isase jJAta hotA hai ki zrInandi usa kAla meM 'prANAvAya' ke mahAna vidvAna aura prasiddha AcArya the / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zrInandi ko 'viSNurAja' nAmaka rAjA dvArA vizeSa rUpa se sammAna prApta thA / 'kalyANakAraka' meM likhA hai - " mahArAjA viSNurAja ke mukuTa kI mAla se jinake caraNayugala zobhita haiM arthAt jinake caraNakamala meM viSNurAja namaskAra karatA hai, jo sampUrNa Agama ke jJAtA haiM, prazaMsanIya guNoM se yukta haiM aura unase hI merA uddhAra huA hai / " "unakI AjJA se nAnA prakAra ke auSadhi - dAna kI siddhi ke lie (arthAt cikitsA kI saphalatA ke lie) aura sajjana vaidyoM ke vAtsalya pradarzanIrUpI tapa kI pUrti ke lie jinamata (jainAgama) ke uddhRta aura loka meM 'kalyANakAraka' ke nAma se prasiddha isa zAstra ko maiMne banAyA / " nivAsasthAna aura kAla - ugrAditya kI nivAsa bhUmi 'rAmagiri' thI, jahA~ unhoMne zrInanda guru se vidyAdhyayana tathA 'kalyANakAraka' grantha kI racanA kI thI / kalyANakAraka meM likhA hai 64 'veMgIzatrikaliMgadazajananaprastutyasAnUtkaTaH prodyadvRkSalatAvitAnanitarataiH siddhaizca vidyAdharaiH / sarve mandira kaMdaropaguhAcaityAlayAlaMkRte ramye rAmagirau mayA viracitaM zAstraM hitaM prANinAm / / 75 "sthAnaM rAmagirigirIndrasadRzaH sarvArthasiddhiprada' (ka. kA. pR. 21, zloka 3) 'rAmagiri kI sthiti ke viSaya meM vivAda hai| zrI nAthUrAma premI kA mata hai ki chattIsagar3ha mahAkauzala kSetra ke saragujA sTeTa kA rAmagar3ha hI yaha rAmagiri rahA hogA / yahA~ guhA, mandira aura caityAlaya haiM tathA ugrAditya ke samaya yahA~ siddha aura vidyAdhara vicaraNa karate rahe hoNge|" svayaM granthakAra kI prazasti ke AdhAra para - " yaha kalyANakAraka nAmaka grantha aneka alaMkAroM se yukta hai, sundara zabdoM se grathita hai, sunane meM sukhakara hai, apane hita kI kAmanA karane vAloM kI prArthanA para nirmita hai, prANiyoM ke prANa, Ayu, sattva, vIrya, bala ko utpanna karane vAlA aura svAsthya kA kAraNabhUta hai / " pUrva ke gaNadharAdi dvArA pratipAdita 'prANAvAya' ke mahAna zAstra rUpI nidhi se udbhUta hai / " acchI yuktiyoM yA vicAroM se yukta hai| jinendra bhagavAna (tIrthaMkara) dvArA pratipAdita 636 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #646
hai| aise zAstra ko prApta kara manuSya sukha prApta karatA hai| ___ "jinendra dvArA kahA huA yaha zAstra vibhinna chandoM (vRttoM) meM racita pramANa, naya aura nikSepoM kA vicAra kara sArthaka rUpa se 'do hajAra pA~ca sau tairAsI chandoM' meM racA yA hai aura jaba taka sUrya, candra aura tAre maujUda haiM, taba taka prANiyoM ke lie sukhasAdhaka banA rhegaa|" _ 'prANAvAya' kA pratipAdaka hone kA pramANa dete hue ugrAditya ne kalyANakAraka meM pratyeka pariccheda ke anta meM likhA hai "jisameM sampUrNa dravya, tattva va padArtharUpI taraMga uTha rahe haiM, jisake ihaloka aura paraloka ke lie prayojanabhUta arthAt sAdhanarUpI do sundara taTa haiM, aise jinendra ke mukha se bAhara nikale hue zAstrarUpI sAgara kI eka bUnda ke samAna yaha zAstra (grantha) hai| yaha jagat kA eka mAtra hitasAdhaka hai (ataH isakA nAma 'kalyANakAraka' hai)| ___ 'kalyANakAraka' ke prArambhika bhAga (prathama pariccheda ke Arambha ke dasa padyoM meM) AcArya ugrAditya ne martyaloka ke lie jinendra ke mukha se Ayurveda (prANAvAya) ke prakaTita hone kA kathAnaka isa prakAra pratipAdita kiyA hai___ bhagavAn RbhaSadeva prathama tIrthaMkara the| unake samavasaraNa meM bharata cakravartI Adi ne pahu~ca kara logoM ke rogoM ko dUra karane aura svAsthyarakSaNa kA upAya puuchaa| taba pramukha gaNadharoM ko upadeza dete hue bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke mukha se sarasa zAradAdevI bAhara prakaTita huii| unakI vANI meM pahale puruSa, roga, auSadha aura kAla-isa prakAra sampUrNa Ayurveda zAstra ke cAra bheda batalAte hue ina vastucatuSTayoM ke lakSaNa, bheda, prabheda Adi saba bAtoM ko batAyA gyaa| ina saba tattvoM ko sAkSAt rUpa se 'gaNadhara' ne smjhaa| gaNadharoM dvArA pratipAdita zAstra ko nirmala mati, zruta, avadhi va mana:paryaya jJAna ko dhAraNa karane vAle yogiyoM ne jaanaa| isa prakAra yaha sampUrNa AyurvedazAstra RSabhanAtha tIrthaMkara ke bAda mahAvIraparyanta caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM taka avirala calA aayaa| yaha atyanta vistRta hai, doSarahita hai, gambhIra vastu-vivecana se yukta hai| tIrthaMkara ke mukha se nikalA huA yaha jJAna 'svayaMbhU' hai aura anAdikAla se calA Ane ke kAraNa 'sanAtana' hai| govardhana, bhadrabAhu Adi zrutakevaliyoM ke mukha se alpAMga jJAnI yA aMgAMga jJAnI cAra muniyoM ke dvArA sAkSAt sunA huA hai arthAt zrutakevaliyoM ne anya muniyoM ko isa jJAna ko diyA thaa|" isa prakAra prANAvAya (Ayurveda) sambandhI jJAna mUlataH tIrthaMkaroM ke dvArA pratipAdita hai, ataH yaha 'Agama' hai| unase ise gaNadhara, pratigaNadharoM ne, unase zrutakevalI aura unase bAda meM hone vAle anya muniyoM ne kramazaH prApta kiyaa| isa taraha paramparA se cale A rahe isa zAstra kI sAmagrI ko guru zrInandi se sIkhakara ugrAditya ne 'kalyANakAraka' grantha kI racanA kii| ataH kalyANakAraka paramparAgata jJAna ke AdhAra para racita zAstra hai|" Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 637 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #647
granthagata vizeSatAe~ prANAvAya-paramparA kA ullekha karane vAlA yaha ekamAtra grantha upalabdha hai| sambhavataH isake pUrva aura pazcAt kA etadviSayaka sAhitya kAlakavalita ho cukA hai| isameM 'prANAvAya' kI digambara-sammata paramparA dI gayI hai| apane pUrvAcAryoM ke rUpa meM tathA jina granthoM ko AdhArabhUta svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, unake praNetAoM ke rUpa meM ugrAditya ne jina muniyoM aura AcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, ve sabhI digambara paramparA ke haiN| ataH yaha nizcita rUpa se kaha sakanA sambhava nahIM hai ki isa sambandha meM zvetAmbara paramparA aura usake AcArya kauna the?... phira bhI grantha kI prAcInatA (8 vIM zatI meM . nirmANa honA) aura racanAzailI va viSayavastu ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kalyANakAraka kA mahattva bahuta bar3ha jAtA hai| isa grantha ke adhyayana se jo vizeSatAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM, ve nimna haiM1. grantha ke upakrama bhAga meM Ayurveda ke avataraNa arthAt martyaloka meM Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA kA jo nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai, vaha sarvathA navIna hai| isa prakAra ke avataraNa sambandhI kathAnaka Ayurveda ke anya pracalita evaM ArSa zAstra-granthoM jaise carakasaMhitA, suzrutasaMhitA, kAzyapasaMhitA, aSTAMgasaMgraha Adi meM prApta nahIM hote| kalyANakAraka kA varNana 'prANAvAya' paramparA kA sUcaka hai arthAt 'prANAvAya' saMjJaka Agama kA avataraNa tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI meM hokara janasAmAnya taka pahu~cA-isa aitihAsika paramparA kA inameM varNana hai| 'prANAvAya' paramparA meM jJAna kA mUla tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI ko mAnA gayA hai| yaha paramparA isa prakAra calatI hai tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI (Agama) gaNadhara aura pratigaNadhara zrutakevalI bAda meM RSi - muni 2. kalyANakAraka meM kahIM bhI cikitsA meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA prayoga nahIM batAyA gayA hai| jaina matAnusAra ye tInoM vastue~ asevya haiM : mAMsa aura madhu ke prayoga meM jIva-hiMsA kA vicAra bhI kiyA jAtA hai| madya jIvana ke lie 638 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #648
azucikara, mAdaka aura azobhanIya mAnA jAtA hai| Asava ariSTa kA prayoga to kalyANakAraka meM AtA hai, jaise-prameharogAdhikAra meM AmalakAriSTa aadi| Ayurveda ke prAcIna saMhitA granthoM meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA bharapUra vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| caraka Adi meM mAMsa aura mAMsarAsa se sambandhita aneka cikitsAprayoga diye gaye haiN| madya ko agnidIptikara aura AzuprabhAvazAlI mAnate hue aneka rogoM meM inakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| rAjayakSmA jaise rogoM meM to mAMsa aura madya kI vipula guNakAritA svIkAra kI gayI hai| madhu anupAna aura sahapAna ke rUpa meM aneka auSadhiyoM ke sAtha prayukta hotA hai tathA madhUdaka, madhvAsava Adi kA pAnArtha vyavahAra varNita hai| cikitsA meM vAnaspatika aura khanija dravyoM ke prayoga varNita haiN| vAnaspatika dravyoM se nirmita svarasa, kvAtha, kalka, cUrNa, vaTI, Asava-ariSTa, ghRta aura tela kI kalpanAe~ dI gayI haiN| kSAra nirmANa aura kSAra kA sthAnIya aura Abhyantara prayoga bhI batAyA gayA hai| agnikarma, sirAvedha aura jalaukAvacAraNa kA vidhAna bhI hai| aneka prakAra ke khanija dravyoM kA auSadhIya prayoga kalyANakAraka meM milatA hai| yadi isa grantha kA racanAkAla 8vIM zatI sahI hai, to yaha nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki rasa (pArada) aura rasakarma (pArada kA mUrcchana, mAraNa aura bandha, isa prakAra vividha karma, rasasaMskAra, rasa-prayoga) kA prAcInatama prAmANika ullekha hameM isa grantha meM prApta hotA hai| isa para eka svatantra adhyAya grantha ke 'uttaratantra' meM 24vA~ pariccheda 'rasarasAyanavidhyadhikAra' ke nAma se diyA gayA hai| kula 56 padyoM meM pArada sambandhI 'rasazAstrIya' samasta vidhAna varNita hai| jaina siddhAnta kA anusaraNa karate hue kalyANakAraka meM saba rogoM kA kAraNa pUrvakRta 'karma' mAnA gayA hai| 5. zrI vijayaNNa upAdhyAya kRta 'sArasaMgraha' isa grantha kI eka prati jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA meM vidyamAna hai, jisakA grantha naM. 255 kha hai| isa grantha kA ullekha zrI paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI dvArA sampAdita (likhita) prazasti saMgraha tathA jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga-6, kiraNa-2 meM prazasti saMgraha ke antargata kiyA gayA hai| zrI paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI dvArA diye gaye vivaraNa ke anusAra yaha grantha rAjakIya prAcya pustakAgAra, maisUra se lipibaddha karAyA gayA hai| vahA~ kI mudrita grantha tAlikA meM grantha kA nAma 'akalaMka saMhitA' aura kartA kA nAma akalaMka bhaTTa likhA milatA hai| kintu isakA koI AdhAra najara nahIM AtA hai| grantha Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 639 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #649
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir meM ullikhita nimna zlokoM se spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki isa grantha kA nAma ' sArasaMgraha ' hai aura isake kartA zrImadvijayaNNopAdhyAya haiM namaH zrI vardhamAnAya nirdhUtakalilAtmane / kalyANakArako grantha pUjyapAdena bhASitaH / / sarvalokopakArArthaM kathyate sArasaMgrahaH / zrImadvAgbhaTTasuzrutAdivimala zrI vaidyazAstrArNave / bhAsvatasusArasaMgrahamahAbhAmAnvite saMgrahe / / mantrajJairaparapalAlyasadvijayaNNopAdhyAyasannirmite / granthe'sminmadhupAkasAravicaye pUrNo bhavenmaMgalam / / AyurvedAcArya zrI paM. vimala kumAra jaina kA bhI kahanA hai ki bundelakhaNDa meM bhI mujhe isakI eka do pratiyA~ dRSTigocara huI haiM aura una pratiyoM meM isakA nAma 'sArasaMgraha ' hI milatA hai| balki unhoMne isa grantha ko AdyopAnta dekhakara batalAyA hai ki isameM pRSTha 1 se 5 taka samantabhadra ke rasa- prakaraNa sambandhI kucha padya, pRSTha 6 se 32 taka pUjyapAdokta rasa, cUrNa, nAr3I parIkSA evaM jvara nidAna Adi kucha bhAga haiN| inake atirikta bhinna-bhinna prakaraNa meM suzruta, vAgbhaTa, hArIta muni evaM rudradeva Adi vaidyAcAryoM ke bhI mata milate haiM / isa grantha ke pRSTha 3 se uddhRta kara jo maMgalAcaraNa Upara diyA gayA hai, vaha zrI samantabhadrAcArya ke 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra' meM vihita maMgalAcaraNa ke padya kAhI pUrvArdha hai / isakA kevala uttarArdha grantha ke saMgrahakartA vijayaNNa dvArA kRta hai| isa grantha meM prazasti bhAga nahIM hone se isakA kAla nirdhAraNa sambhava nahIM hai / lekhaka ne na to svayaM ke viSaya meM kucha likhA hai aura na hI grantha- nirmANa ke samaya Adi ke viSaya meM ullekha kiyA hai| isase isake samaya kA nizcaya karane meM kaThinAI hai / phira bhI jina AcAryoM ko isa grantha meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, unake bAda hI isa grantha kA nirmANa (saMgraha) huA hogA, yaha spaSTa hai / zrI anantadeva sUrikRta rasa - cintAmaNi yaha grantha saMvat 1967 zake 1982 meM zrI veMkaTezvara presa, bambaI dvArA prakAzita huA thaa| jo aba anupalabdha hai| isakI pratiyA~ aba bhI yatra tatra pustakAlayoM meM mila jAtI haiN| isakI bhASA TIkA rAjavaidya paM. muralIdhara zarmA dvArA kI gayI hai / prastuta grantha ke viSaya meM ve likhate haiM ki rasa- cikitsA ke grantha bahuta haiM, parantu kuSTha arza Adi mahAvyAdhiyoM ko naSTa karane meM jaise sahaja aura camatkArI adbhuta siddha-prayoga isa rasa cintAmaNi meM hai, vaise kisI bhI grantha meM nahIM dekhe jaate| isake atirikta dhAtukriyA bhI isameM bahuta camatkArI likhI hai aura vedha vidhi ( dhAturaMjana) ke jo prayoga isameM 640 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #650
likhe haiM, ve to bhAgya hI se kisI ko siddha hote hoNge| na aba pahale kA samaya hai, na aba usake upakaraNa haiM, na kriyA hai| isase ve siddha na bhI hoM to Azcarya nhiiN| isI se hara-eka manuSya ko isI ora vizeSa dhyAna na dekara isa grantha ke anya camatkArI siddha prayogoM se lAbha uThAnA ucita hai| prastuta grantha gyAraha stabakoM, jo adhyAya ke dyotaka haiM, meM vibhAjita hai| isameM AdyopAnta kula zloka saMkhyA 1682 hai| grantha ke prathama stabaka meM maMgalAcaraNa evaM nirdeza ke pazcAt 20 prakAra kI rasabhasma-vidhi varNita hai| anantara khecarI guTikA aura gaMdhaka grAsa vidhi kA ullekha hai| isameM zlokoM kA pramANa 120 hai| dvitIya stabaka rasakriyA prakaraNa ke nAma se ullikhita hai, jisameM 17 yogoM kI nirmANa-vidhi evaM unake guNa-dharma kA ullekha hai| isameM kula zloka saMkhyA 142 hai| tRtIya stabaka meM 21 rasayogoM kI nirmANa vidhi 98 zlokoM meM pratipAdita hai| caturtha stabaka meM 128 zlokoM meM 24 yogoM kA ullekha hai| paMcama stabaka meM rasamardana, svedana, mUrcchana, adha:pAtana, UrdhvapAtana, niyAmana, nirodhana Adi kriyA vidhiyA~ tathA dravyoM kI sattvapAtana Adi 31 vidhiyA~ varNita haiN| inameM kula zloka 162 haiN| SaSTa stabaka meM svarNakaraNa kI 8 aura raupyakaraNa kI 11 vidhiyA~ varNita haiN| isake zlokoM kA parimANa 145 hai| saptama stabaka meM vibhinna mahattvapUrNa 18 rasayogoM kA varNana hai, jo 213 zlokoM ke antargata pratipAdita hai| aSTama stabaka meM vibhinna 16 rasayoga haiM, aura zlokoM kA pramANa 182 hai| navama stabaka meM 198 zlokoM meM 41 yogoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dazama stabaka meM 45 zloka meM 13 yoga batalAe gaye haiN| ekAdaza stabaka meM kula zloka 138 haiM, jisameM 33 yogoM kA ullekha hai| zrI guNAkara kRta yogaratnamAlAvRtti Ayurveda meM rasa-cikitsA ke pravartaka rasasiddha AcArya nAgArjuna ne yogaratnamAlA nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| isa grantha para guNAkara ne eka vRtti likhI hai, jo guNAkara vivRtti ke nAma se vikhyAta hai| zrI guNAkara zvetAmbara jaina vidvAna the aura unakI vidvattA kI paryApta chApa unake dvArA racita vivRtti para par3I hai| ve eka suyogya vaidya evaM siddhahasta cikitsaka bhI the| apane cikitsA kArya meM rasayogoM kA prayoga ve adhikatara karate the| piTarsana riporTa 2, epeNDiksa pR. 330 aura riporTa 4, pR. 26 para dI gayI jAnakArI ke anusAra nAgArjuna ne yogaratnamAlA nAmaka vaidyaka grantha kI racanA kI hai| usa para guNAkara sUri ne vi.saM. 1296 meM vRtti likhI hai| isake anusAra yaha racanA terahavIM zatAbdI kI pramANita hotI hai| isa vRtti kA ullekha 'e caikalisTa oNpha saMskRta meDikala menuskripTa ina iNDiyA' meM kraM. saMkhyA 1057 para kiyA gayA hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki isa vRtti kI eka prati bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha saMsthAna, pUnA meM 175 para upalabdha hai| Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 641 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #651
zrI merutaMga sUri dvArA rasAdhyAya para kRta TIkA yaha grantha AcArya kaMkAlIya dvArA racita hai, jo eka jaina vidvAna haiN| isa grantha para jaina vidvAna zrI merutaMga sUri (merutaMga jaina) dvArA vidvattApUrNa TIkA likhI gayI hai| zrI merutaMga sUri aMkAlA gaccha ke zrI mahendraprabha sUri ke ziSya the| isa grantha ko 'zrI jinaratnakoza' meM pRSTha 328 para uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, jisake anusAra zrI merutaMga sUri dvArA isa para saM. 1443 meM TIkA likhI gayI thii| zrI priyavrata zarmA ne isa grantha ko apane Ayurveda kA vaijJAnika itihAsa nAmaka grantha meM uddhRta kiyA hai| unake anusAra zrI merutaMga jaina ne isa para 1386 I. san meM TIkA likhI thii| yaha grantha caukhambA saMskRta sIrIja vArANasI se prakAzita ho cukA hai, kintu vartamAna meM aprApya hai| somaprabhAcArya kRta 'rasa-prayoga' ___ 'rasa-prayoga' nAma ke grantha kA ullekha zrI ambAlAla pI. zAha ne apane grantha jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa bhAga 5 meM kiyA hai, kintu usameM vistRta vivaraNa nahIM diyA gayA hai| isa grantha ke racayitA zrI somaprabhAcArya haiN| granthakartA ke viSaya meM bhI koI jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai| __'zrI jinaratnakoza' meM bhI yaha grantha uddhRta hai, jisake anusAra cikitsA viSaya para yaha grantha somaprabhAcArya dvArA likhita hai| zrIjinaratnakoza ke anusAra yaha grantha somaprabhAcArya dvArA likhita hai| zrI jina ratnakoza ke anusAra yaha grnth| 'A list of manuscript in the Jain Bhandar at Humbacchakatte, Distt. Shimoga, Mysore meM kra. saMkhyA 125 para ullikhita hai| isI AdhAra para ise 'zrIjinaratnakoza' meM uddhRta hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki isa grantha kI prati hambukkA kaTTe jilAzivamogA (maisUra) ke jaina bhaNDAra meM vidyamAna hai| mANikyadeva kRta 'rasAvatAra' yaha grantha mANikyadeva dvArA racita hai| kahIM-kahIM granthakartA kA nAma mANikyacandra uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha aura granthakartA donoM ke viSaya meM koI vistRta jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hone se isa para prakAza DAlanA sambhava nahIM hai| isa grantha kA ullekha Ayurveda ke itihAsajJoM ne bhI apanI kRtiyoM meM kiyA hai| 'rasayogasAgara' nAmaka eka grantha meM isa grantha ke aneka yoga uddhRta haiN| 'zrIjinaratnakoza' meM bhI pR. 328 para isa grantha kA ullekha hai| isakI eka prati zrI yAdava zrI trikama jI AcArya ke pAsa bhI thI, jo unhoMne zrI hariprasanna jI zAstrI ko apane grantha 'rasayogasAgara' ke nirmANArtha dI thI, jo bAda meM kArya pUrA hone ke pazcAt lauTA dI gayI thI, kintu usake pazcAt usakA koI atA-patA nahIM hai| 642 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #652
harSakIrtisUri kRta 'yoga cintAmaNi' ___ cikitsAyoga ke isa mahattvapUrNa grantha ke racayitA bhiSagvara jainAcArya zrI harSakIrtisUri haiN| isa grantha kA nirmANa anya pUrvavartI vaidyaka granthoM se sAra grahaNa kara saMskRta bhASA meM kiyA gayA hai| ataH isakA apara nAma 'vaidyakasArasaMgraha' bhI hai| isa grantha ke tRtIya adhyAya ke anta meM jo puSpikA dI gayI hai, usameM bhI isakA spaSTa ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yathA-"iti zrI bhaTTAraka zrI harSakIya'pAdhyAyasaMkalite yogacintAmaNau vaidyakasArasaMgrahe guTikAdhikArastRtIyaH" isa puSpikA se yaha bhI dhvanita hotA hai ki inakA pUrA nAma bhaTTAraka zrI harSakIrti upAdhyAya thaa| caturtha adhyAya ke anta meM ullikhita puSpikA se unake gaccha para bhI paryApta prakAza par3atA hai| puSpikA nimna prakAra hai"zrImannAgapurIyatapAgacchIya zrI harSakIya'pAdhyAyasaMkalite yogacintAmaNau vaidyakasArasaMgraha kvaathaadhikaarshcturthH|" isake anusAra ye nAgapurIya tapAgaccha se sambandhita the| AcArya priyavrata zarmA ne inheM nAgapura tathA gaccha sthAna kA nivAsI batalAyA hai, jo ThIka nahIM hai| vastutaH jaina sAdhuoM kA pRthak-pRthak gaccha hotA hai, jisase ve sambandhita rahate the, na ki eka sthAna ke nivAsI the| kyoMki jaina sAdhu kisI eka sthAna para satata nivAsa nahIM karate haiN| varSAkAla ko chor3akara ve sthAna-sthAna vihAra karate rahate haiN| ataH unheM kisI sthAna vizeSa kA nivAsI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ___ granthakartA ne prastuta grantha ko 'sArasaMgraha' kahate hue isameM sAta adhyAya hone kA ullekha kiyA hai pAkacUrNaguTI kvAthaghRtatailAH smishrkaaH| adhyAyAH sapta vakSyante granthe'smin sArasaMgrahe / / arthAt prastuta 'sArasaMgraha' nAmaka grantha meM pAkAdhikAra, cUrNAdhikAra, guTikAdhikAra, kvAthAdhikAra, ghRtAdhikAra, tailAdhikAra aura mizrAdhikAra ye sAta adhyAya kahe gaye haiN| RddhisAra yA rAmaRddhisAra (rAmalAla) 20vIM zatI yaha kharataragacchIya kSemakIrti zAkhA ke kuzalanidhAna ke ziSya the| ye bahuta acche cikitsaka the| inake dvArA likhe hue kaI grantha haiN| saba grantha unhoMne svayaM prakAzita kiye the| 'dAdAjI kI pUjA' (saM. 1953, bIkAnera) inakI atyanta prasiddha racanA hai| yaha bIkAnera ke nivAsI the| inake adhikAMza grantha saM. 1930 se 67 ke madhya ke haiN| inakA likhA huA 'vaidyadIpaka' nAmaka vaidyakagrantha hai| yaha mudrita hai| santAnacintAmaNi, guNavilAsa, svapnasAmudrikazAstra, zakunazAstra bhI viSaya se sambandhita grnth| Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 643 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #653
muni kAntisAgara ___ yaha kharataragacchIya 'jinakIrtiratnasUrizAkhA' ke jinakRpAcaMdasUri ke ziSya u. sukhasAgara ke ziSya the| ApakA hindI, rAjasthAnI sAhitya para acchA adhikAra thaa| isake atirikta itihAsa, purAtatva, kalA aura Ayurveda tathA jyotiSa kA bhI acchA jJAna thaa| yaha acche cikitsaka va rasAyanajJa the| 'khaNDaharoM kA vaibhava', 'khoja kI pagaDaNDiyA~, jaina dhAtu pratimA lekha, zramaNasaMskRti aura kalA, saIkI-eka adhyayana Adi uccakoTi ke zodhapUrNa grantha haiN| 'ekaliMgajI kA itihAsa' aprakAzita hai| Ayurveda sAhitya para bhI Apane kucha lekha likhe haiM-'Ayurveda kA ajJAta sAhitya' (mizrImala abhinandanagrantha, pR. 300-317) aadi| kannaDa ke jaina Ayurveda-granthakAra mArasiMha (961-974) __yaha karNATaka kA gaMgavaMzIya rAjA thaa| isane 961-964 I. taka rAjya kiyaa| yaha bahuta pratApI, pratibhAsampanna aura samRddhivAna rAjA thaa| jainadharma ke utthAna meM usane paryApta yogadAna diyA thaa| usane jIvana ke paravartI kAla meM rAjya tyAga kara baMkApura meM ajitasena bhaTTAraka ke samIpa sallekhanA dhAraNA kI thii| ___kuDulUra ke dAnapatra meM mArasiMha ko vyAkaraNa, tarka, darzana aura sAhitya kA vidvAna hone ke sAtha 'azvavidyA' aura 'gajavidyA' meM bhI nipuNa batAyA gayA hai| azvavidyA aura gajavidyA meM azvoM kI cikitsA va gajoM kI cikitsA kA bhI ullekha kucha vidvAnoM ke anusAra kahA jAtA hai| parantu usakA azva yA gaja cikitsA para koI vaidyakagrantha prApta nahIM hotaa| kIrtivarmA (1125 I.) yaha karNATaka kA cAlukya rAjA thaa| yaha jaina dharmAnuyAyI thaa| isane 1125 I. meM kannar3a bhASA meM 'govaidya (ka)' grantha likhA hai| yaha grantha karnATakI bhASA (kannaDI) meM hai| kannar3a meM Ayurveda sambandhI grantha likhane vAloM meM isakA nAma sarvaprathama hai| kIrtivarmA ke pitA kA nAma rAjA trailokyamalla, agraja kA nAma rAjA vikramAMka aura guru kA nAma devacandra muni thaa| ye cAlukya vaMzI the| trailokyamalla kA zAsanakAla I. 1042 se 1068 aura inake bar3e bhAI kA zAsanakAla I. 1076 se 1126 taka rhaa| ataH kIrtivarmA kA kAla 1125 I. pramANita hotA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki trailokyamalla kI ketalI devI nAmaka eka rAnI jaina matAnuyAyI thI, jisane kucha jaina mandira bhI banavAe 644 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #654
the| kIrtivarmA sambhavatayA isI kA putra thaa| kIrtivarmA ne apane lie kavi kIrticandra, kandarpamUrti, samyaktvaratnAkara, budha bhavyabAndhava, vaidyaratna, kavitAbdhicandram, kIrtivilAsa Adi vizeSaNa prayukta kiye haiN| ___ahiMsAvAdI jainadharma meM prANimAtra para dayA kI bhAvanA se manuSyetara vaidyaka para bhI grantha racanA huI thii| isameM govaidyaka kA pramukha sthAna hai| yaha grantha aprakAzita hai| isameM govyAdhiyoM kI nidAna sahita auSadha, mantra Adi ke dvArA vistAra se cikitsA kA pratipAdana hai| somanAtha kavi (1140 I.) yaha jaina dharmAnuyAyI aura jagaddala kA sAmanta thaa| vicitrakavi usakI upAdhi thii| yaha karNATaka kA nivAsI thaa| isane 1140 I. ke lagabhaga pUjyapAdakRta saMskRta ke 'kalyANakAraka' kA kannar3I bhASA meM anuvAda kiyA thaa| somanAthakRta yaha grantha 'karNATaka kalyANakAraka' kahalAtA hai| isakI karNATaka meM Aja bhI bahuta prasiddhi hai| isameM pIThikA-prakaraNa, paribhASAprakaraNa, SoDazajvara-cikitsA-nirUpaNa-prakaraNa Adi aSTAMga Ayurveda cikitsA dI gayI hai| pUjyapAda ne apane grantha meM madya, mAMsa aura madhu kA prayoga sarvathA niSiddha batAyA hai| somanAtha ne kannaDI kalyANakAraka meM likhA hai'sukaraM tAnene pUjyapAda-munigal muMpelad kalyANakArakamaM vAhaTasiddhasAracarakAdyutkRSTamaM sadguNAdhika varjitamadya-mAMsamadhuvaM karNaTAdilokaraM kSayamA citramadAge citrakavi somaM peladaniM tlitiyN| svayaM somanAtha ne likhA hai ki usake isa grantha kA saMzodhana samanobANa aura abhayacandra siddhAti ne kiyA hai| granthArambha meM mAdhavacandra kI stuti hai, jisakA ullekha zravaNabelagola ke 1125 I.ke zilAlekha naM. 384 meM huA hai| ata: somanAtha kA kAla 1140 I. ke lagabhaga nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai| amRtanandi (13vIM zatI) __yaha dakSiNa ke digambara AcArya the| inhoMne jaina dRSTi se vanaspati-nAmoM ke pAribhASika arthoM ko batAne ke lie 'nighaNTu-koSa' kI racanA kI thii| yaha koSa atyanta vistRta hai| isameM 22000 zabda haiN| yaha prArambha se sakAra (sa.sA.) taka hI prApta hai, zeSa bhAga sambhavataH granthakAra dvArA pUrNa nahIM kiyA jA sakA ho| isameM vanaspatiyoM ke nAma jaina paribhASAoM ke anusAra sUcita kiye gaye haiN| jaiseabhavyaH - haMsapAdi munikhajUrikA rAjakhajUra ahiratrA - vRzcikAli vardhamAnA __- madhuramAtuluMga Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA 645 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #655
ananta RSabha AmraH suvarNa vardhamAnaH - zvetairaNDaH pAThe kI latA vItarAgaH RSabhA Amalaka yaha koSa atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| varddhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ko isakI hastaprati baiMgalora meM vaidya paM. yallappA zAstrI ke pAsa dekhane ko milI thii| amRtanandI kannar3a prAnta ke nivAsI the| inakA kannar3a meM 'alaMkArasaMgraha' yA 'alaMkArasAra' nAmaka grantha bhI milatA hai| isakI racanA manva rAjA ke Agraha se isa saMgrahAtmaka grantha ke rUpa meM kI gayI thii| manva bhUpati kA kAla 1299 I. (saMvat 1355) ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai| ataH amRtanandi kA kAla 13vIM zatI pramANita hotA hai| maMgarAja yA maMgarasa prathama (1360 I.) _ 'vijayanagara' ke hindU sAmrAjya ke Arambhika kAla meM 'rAjA harihararAya' ke samaya meM maMgarAja prathama' nAmaka kannaDI jaina kavi ne vi.saM. 1416 (1360 I.) meM 'khagendramaNidarpaNa nAmaka vaidyakagrantha kI racanA kI thii| yaha kannar3I (karnATaka bhASA) meM bahuta vistRta grantha hai| yaha viSa-cikitsA sambandhI uttama grantha hai| isameM sthAvaraviSoM kI kriyA aura unakI cikitsA kA varNana hai| grantha meM lekhaka ne apane ko 'pUjyapAda' kA ziSya batAyA hai aura likhA hai-sthAvaraviSoM sambandhI yaha sAmagrI usane 'pUjyapAdIya' grantha se saMgRhIta kI hai| ___ maMgarAja kA hI nAma 'maMgarasa' thaa| isane apane ko hoyasala rAjya ke antargata mugulipura kA rAjA aura pUjyapAda kA ziSya batAyA hai| isakI patnI kA nAma kAmalatA thA aura isakI tIna santAneM thiiN| yaha kannar3a sAhitya ke campUyuga kA mahattvapUrNa kavi thaa| ___ isane vijayanagara ke rAjA harihara kI prazaMsA kI hai, ata: maMgarAja usakA samakAlIna thaa| isakI 'sulalita-kavi-pikavasaMta', vibhuvaMzalalAma' Adi aneka upAdhiyA~ haiN| maMgarAja ne likhA hai ki janatA ke nivedana para usane sarvajanopayogI isa vaidyakagrantha kI racanA kI hai| isameM auSadhiyoM ke sAtha mantra-tantra bhI diye haiN| granthakAra likhatA hai-auSadhiyoM se Arogya, Arogya se deha, deha se jJAna, jJAna se mokSa prApta hotA hai| ataH maiM auSadhi zAstra kA varNana karatA huuN| isa grantha meM sthAvara aura jaMgama donoM prakAra ke viSoM kI cikitsA batalAI gayI hai| ___ yaha grantha zAstrIya zailI meM likhA gayA hai, ataH isameM kAvyacamatkAra bhI vidyamAna hai| isakI zailI lalita aura sundara hai| isakA prakAzana madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya, madrAsa ke dvArA kannar3a sIrIja ke antargata san 1942 meM kiyA gayA hai| 646 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #656
zrIdharadeva (1500 I.) yaha digambara jaina paNDita thaa| inakA 'jagadeka mahAmantravAdi' vizeSaNa milatA hai| yaha vijayanagara rAjya kA nivAsI thaa| isane 1500 I. meM 'vaidyAmRta' kI racanA kI hai| isameM 24 adhikAra haiN| yaha kannaDI bhASA meM hai| bAcarasa (1500 I.) yaha digambara jaina vidvAn thaa| yaha vijayanagara ke hindU rAjya kA nivAsI thaa| isane 1500 I. meM 'azvavaidya' kI racanA kI thii| isameM azvoM (ghor3oM) kI cikitsA kA varNana hai| yaha kannar3I bhASA meM hai| padmarasa (1527 I.) maisUra nareza cAmarAja ke Adeza se 'pabhaNNa paNDita' yA 'pabharasa' ne 1527 I. meM 'hayasArasamuccaya' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| isameM ghor3oM kI cikitsA kA varNana hai| padmarasa bhaTTAkalaMka kA ziSya thaa| yaha digambara jaina thaa| padmarasa jainazAstroM kA uccakoTi kA vidvAna thaa| maMgarAja yA maMgarasa (dvitIya) isakA racita 'maMgarAjanighaNTu' grantha hai| yaha aprakAzita hai| maMgarAja yA maMgarasa (tRtIya) kannar3a sAhitya meM vibhinna kAloM meM hone vAle tIna maMgarasa mAne jAte haiM 1. maMgarasa prathama - 'khagendramaNidarpaNa' kA kartA 2. maMgarasa dvitIya - 'maMgarAjanighaNTu' kA kartA 3. maMgarasa tRtIya - 'sUpazAstra' Adi granthoM kA kartA maMgarasa tRtIya kA kAla 16vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha mAnA jAtA hai| yaha kSatriya thaa| isakA pitA caMgAlva sacivakulodbhava kallahallikA vijayabhUpAla thA, jo vIramogha bhI thaa| mAtA kA nAma devile aura guru kA nAma cikkaprabhendu diyA hai| isakI prabhurAja, prabhukula aura ratnadIpa-upAdhiyA~ thii| sUpazAstra ke alAvA isake jalanRpa-kAvya, nemijinezasaMgati, zrIpAlacarite, prabhaMjanacarite aura samyaktvakaumudI grantha haiN| ___ 'sUpazAstra' pAkazAstra sambandhI grantha hai| yaha kannar3a bhASA meM 'vArdhaka SaTpadi' nAmaka chanda meM 356 padyoM meM pUrNa huA hai| yaha viSTapAka, pAnaka, kalamannapAka, zAkapAka Adi pAkazAstra ke saMskRta granthoM ke AdhAra para likhA gayA hai| isa grantha meM ina granthoM kA ullekha hai| maMgarasa ke anusAra pAkazAstra striyoM ke lie atyanta priya aura upayogI hai| rasanendriyatuSTi se hI laukika aura pAralaukika sukha milatA hai| Ayurveda (prANAvAya) kI paramparA :: 647 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #657
maMgarasa kA sUpazAstra grantha prAcya saMzodhanAlaya, mAnasagaMgotrI, maisUra se prakAzita ho cukA hai| sAlva (16vIM zatI, uttarArdha) yaha bahamukhI pratibhAsampanna jaina kannar3a kavi thaa| isake pitA kA nAma dharmacandra aura guru kA nAma zrutakIrti thaa| isakA kAla 16vIM zatI kA madhya yA uttarArdha mAnA jAtA hai| isake kannar3a bhASA meM racita aneka grantha haiM-bhArata, zAradAvilAsa, rasaratnAkara, vaidysaaNgty| bhArata kI racanA kavi ne apane AzrayadAtA rAjA sAlvamalla yA sAlvadeva kI preraNA se 'bhAminI SaTpadi' chanda meM kI thii| isa grantha kA anya nAma 'nemIzvaracarite' bhI hai| yaha dhArmika kathA grantha hai| zAradAvilAsa meM dhvanisiddhAnta kA pratipAdana hai| rasaratnAkara meM alaMkArazAstra kA nirUpaNa hai aura nau rasoM kA vistAra se varNana hai| 'vaidyasAMgatya' eka uttama vaidyaka grantha hai| 'sAMgatya' kannar3a kAvya ke chanda-vizeSa kA nAma hai| ___ yahA~ jainAcAryoM dvArA racita katipaya AyurvedIya granthoM kA ullekha nAtisaMkSepavistAra rUpa se kiyA gayA hai, jisase jaina Ayurveda kI paramparA aura Ayurveda ke vikAsa evaM Ayurveda sAhitya nirmANa meM jainAcAryoM ke yogadAna para kucha prakAza par3atA hai| sandarbha sUcI 1. jayadhavalA sahita kasAyapAhuDa bhAga 1, pejja dosa bihatti gAthA-115 2. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 1/120, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vArANasI 3. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA 366 4. vahI-jIvatattva pradIpikA TIkA 5. kalyANakAraka a. 25, zloka 54 sampAdaka, zrIvardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI, solApura 6. sthAnAMga, sUtra 611 7. suzrutasaMhitA, sUtrasthAna, 1/7, hindI vyAkhyA-anideva gupta, prakAzaka, motIlAla banArasI dAsa, dillI 8. kalyANakAraka pR. 4, zloka 9-10 9. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga-1, pR. 102 10. kalyANakAraka-sampAdakIya vaktavya pR. 37 11. kalyANakAraka pR. 555, zloka 86 12. kalyANakAraka-sampAdakIya pR. 36 13. kalyANakAraka-sampAdakIya pR. 37-38 14. kalyANakAraka-sampAdakIya pR. 40 15. kalyANakAraka-pR. 555, zloka 87 648 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #658
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa Aloka jayapati jainAcAryoM ne jyotiSa ke kSetra meM nimna prakAra yogadAna dekara bhAratIya jJAna, bhAratIya sAhitya aura bhAratIya manISA kI zrIvRddhi meM apanI bhUmikA nibhAyI hai-- 1. vaicArika rUpa meM jainAcAryoM kI pramukha mAnyatA anya bhAratIya jyotiSa cintakoM se isa bindu para alaga hai ki ve mAnate haiM ki jyotiSa jJAna jIva ke lie kAraka nahIM, sUcaka hai| hA~, jIva jyotiSa jJAna kI sUcanA ko lekara apane kriyamANa karmoM kI dizA badalakara yA samyak rAha para calakara apanI bhavitavyatA ko badala sakatA hai| 2. jainAcArya manuSya ke jIvana meM Ane vAlI parezAniyoM ke nirAkaraNa ke nimitta graha - pUjA ko mahatva nahIM dete, ve kahate haiM ki jitendra kI bhakti / pUjA se duSTa graha svayameva zAnta hote haiM aura jIvana sukhamaya hotA hai| 3. pUjA, dIkSA va graha- karma Adi sabhI ke lie jainAcArya bhI muhUrta vijJAna ko mahattva dete haiN| 4. jainAcArya nakSatroM kI saMkhyA 28 mAnate haiN| 5. jainAcAryoM ne kevala jaina jyotiSa ke vikAsa meM hI yogadAna nahIM diyA, balki bhAratIya jyotiSa ke vikAsa meM bhI yogadAna diyA hai| manuSya kI socane-samajhane kI yogyatA ne manuSya ko 'kyoM' aura 'kaise' ke savAla utthaaye| isake phalasvarUpa vaha apane vartamAna aura bhaviSyakAla ke viSaya kI jAnakArI ke lie hamezA se utsuka banA rahA hai| mAnava mana kI nayI vastuoM ke viSaya meM jAnane kI prabala icchA hara samaya banI rahatI hai| jaise pRthvI para vibhinna prakAra kI ghaTa rahI ghttnaaeN| sUrya pratidina pUrva dizA meM kyoM udita hotA hai ? Rtue~ kramAnusAra kyoM AtI haiM yA AkAzamaNDala meM graha kyoM bhramaNa karate haiM ? ityAdi / to prathama manuSya jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 649 isI dizA meM jaba manuSya kA dhyAna AkAza - maNDala kI tarapha gayA, For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #659
ko sUrya, candra tathA tAroM ko jAnane kI prabala icchA jAgrata huii| manovaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se vizleSaNa karane para jJAta hotA hai ki mAnava kI uparyukta jijJAsA ne hI use jyotiSazAstra ke gambhIra rahasyodghATana ke lie pravRtta kiyaa| jyotiSazAstra paribhASA "jyotiSAM sUryAdigrahaNabodhakaM zAstram" arthAt sUrya Adi graha aura kAla kA bodha karAne vAle zAstra ko jyotiSazAstra kahA jAtA hai| jyotiSazAstra hameM sauramaNDala meM sthita graha, nakSatra Adi kA, pRthvI para ghaTa rahI ghaTanAoM kA, Apasa meM samanvaya kA jJAna karAtA hai| vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki isa zAstra kI utpatti kaba huI?--yaha kahanA abhI anizcita hai| hA~, isakA vikAsa, isake zAstrIya niyamoM meM saMzodhana aura parivarddhana prAcIna kAla se Aja taka nirantara hote cale Aye haiN| jyotiSa aura isakA vikAsa jyotiSa ke saMkSepa meM tIna bheda- horA, siddhAnta aura saMhitA aura vistAra meM pA~ca bheda-horA, siddhAnta, saMhitA, prazna aura zakuna haiN| yadi hama ina pA~ca bhedoM kI paribhASA kA virAT vizleSaNa kareM to manovijJAna jIvavijJAna, padArthavijJAna, rasAyanavijJAna, cikitsAvijJAna ityAdi bhI jyotiSa zAstra meM antarbhUta ho jAte haiN| isa zAstra kI paribhASA bhAratavarSa meM samaya-samaya para vibhinna rUpoM meM mAnI jAtI rahI hai| sudUra kAla meM kevala jyotiH padArthoM-graha, nakSatra, tAroM Adi ke svarUpa vijJAna ko hI jyotiSa kahA jAtA thaa| usa samaya saiddhAntika gaNita kA bodha isa zAstra meM nahIM hotA thA, kyoMki usa kAla meM kevala dRSTi-paryavekSaNa dvArA nakSatroM kA jJAna prApta karanA hI abhipreta thaa| brAhmaNa aura AraNyakoM ke samaya meM yaha paribhASA aura vikasita huI tathA isa kAla meM nakSatroM kI AkRti, svarUpa, guNa, evaM prabhAva kA parijJAna prApta karanA jyotiSa mAnA jAne lgaa| AdikAla' meM nakSatroM ke zubhAzubha phalAnusAra kAryoM kA vivecana tathA Rtu, ayana, dinamAna, lagna Adi ke zubhAzubha anusAra vidhAyaka kAryoM ko karane kA jJAna prApta karanA bhI isa zAstra kI paribhASA meM parigaNita ho gyaa| sUryaprajJApti, jyotiSakaraNDaka, vedAMga-jyotiSa Adi granthoM ke bAda hI jyotiSa ke gaNita aura phalita,-ye do bheda spaSTa hue the| yaha bhASA yahIM sImita nahIM rahI, jJAnonnati ke sAtha-sAtha vikasita huii| rAzi 650 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #660
aura grahoM ke svarUpa, raMga, dizA, tattva, dhAtu Adi ke vivecana bhI isake antargata A gye| AdikAla ke anta meM jyotiSa ke horA, gaNita yA siddhAnta aura phalita ye tInoM bheda svatantra rUpa se mAne jAne lge| grahoM kI sthiti, ayanAMza, pAta Adi gaNita jyotiSa ke antargata, janmakAlIna grahoM kI sthiti ke anusAra vyakti ke phalAphala kA nirUpaNa horA jyotiSa ke antargata tathA zubhAzubha samaya kA nirNaya, vidhAyaka, yajJa-yagAdi kAryoM ke karane ke lie samaya aura sthAna kA nirdhAraNa phalita jyotiSa kA viSaya mAnA gyaa| pUrvamadhyakAla kI antima zatAbdiyoM meM siddhAnta jyotiSa ke svarUpa meM bhI vikAsa huA, lekina khagolIya nirIkSaNa aura grahavedha kI paripATI ke kama ho jAne se gaNita ke kalpanA jAla dvArA grahoM ke sthAnoM kA nizcaya karanA siddhAnta jyotiSa ke antargata A gayA tathA pUrva madhyakAla ke prArambha meM jyotiSa kA artha skandhatraya-horA, siddhAnta aura saMhitA ke rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA gayA, parantu isa yuga ke madhya meM saMzodhana dekhe aura Age jAkara yaha paMcarUpAtmaka-horA, gaNita yA siddhAnta, saMhitA, prazna aura zakuna rUpa ho gyaa| jyotiSa kA udbhava-sthAna aura kAla yogavijJAna bhAratIya AcAryoM kI vibhUti mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ ke RSiyoM ne yogAbhyAsa dvArA apanI sUkSma prajJA se zarIra ke bhItara hI sauramaNDala ke darzana kiye aura apanA nirIkSaNa kara AkAzIya sauramaNDala kI vyavasthA kii| aMkavidyA jo isa zAstra kA prANa hai, usakA Arambha bhI bhArata meM huaa| ___madhyakAlIna bhAratIya saMskRti nAmaka pustaka meM zrI ojhA jI ne likhA hai-"bhArata ne anya dezavAsiyoM ko jo aneka bAteM sikhAyIM, unameM sabase adhika mahattva aMkavidyA kA hai| saMsAra-bhara meM gaNita, jyotiSa vijJAna kI Aja jo unnati pAI jAtI hai, usakA mUla kAraNa vartamAna aMka krama hai, jisameM 1 se 9 taka ke aMka aura zUnya-ina 10 cihnoM meM aMkavidyA kA sArA kAma cala rahA hai| yaha krama bhAratavAsiyoM ne hI nikAlA aura use sAre saMsAra ne apnaayaa|" isa udAharaNa se spaSTa hai ki prAcInatama kAla meM bhAratIya-RSi khagola aura jyotiSazAstra se paricita the| Rgveda aura zatapatha brAhmaNa Adi granthoM ke adhyayana se patA calatA hai ki Aja se kama se kama 28000 varSa pahale bhAratIyoM ne khagola aura jyotiSazAstra kA manthana kiyA thaa| ve AkAza camakate hue nakSatrapuMja, zazipuMja, devatApaMja, AkAzagaMgA. nihArikA Adi ke nAma, rUpa, raMga, AkRti se pUrNatayA paricita the| kauna-sA nakSatra jyotipUrNa hai, nabhomaNDala meM grahoM ke saMcAra se AkarSaNa kaise hotA jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 651 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #661
hai?...tathA grahoM kA prabhAva pRthvI sthita prANiyoM para kaise par3atA hai? ityAdi bAtoM kA vedoM meM varNana hai| jainagrantha sUryaprajJapti, gargasaMhitA, jyotiSkaraNDaka ityAdi meM jyotiSazAstra kI aneka mahattvapUrNa bAtoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jaina jyotiSa ke vidvAna garga, RSiputra aura kAlakAcArya ne paramparAgata zazicakra kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| mAnava-jIvana aura bhAratIya jyotiSa samasta bhAratIya jJAna kI pRSThabhUmi darzanazAstra hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki bhArata anya prakAra ke jJAna ko dArzanika mApadaNDa dvArA mApatA hai| isI aTala siddhAnta ke anusAra vaha jyotiSa ko bhI isI dRSTikoNa se dekhatA hai| bhAratIya darzana ke anusAra AtmA amara hai, isakA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA hai| adhyayana zAstra kA kathana hai ki dRzya sRSTi kevala nAma, rUpa aura karma nahIM hai, kintu isa nAmarUpaka AvaraNa ke lie AdhArabhUta eka arUpI, svatantra aura avinAzI Atma-tattva hai tathA prANimAtra ke zarIra meM rahanevAlA yaha tattva nitya evaM caitanya hai, kevala karmabandha ke kAraNa vaha paratantra aura vinAzIka dikhalAI par3atA hai| vaidika darzanoM meM karma ke-saMcita, prArabdha aura kriyamANa ye tIna bheda mAne gaye haiN| saMcita karma-kisI ke dvArA vartamAna kSaNa taka kiyA gayA, jo karma hai-cAhe vaha isa janma meM kiyA gayA ho yA pUrva janmoM meM, yaha-saba saMcita kahalAtA hai| aneka janma-janmAntaroM ke saMcita-karmoM ko eka-sAtha bhoganA sambhava nahIM hai; kyoMki inase milanevAle pariNAmasvarUpa phala paraspara-virodhI haiM, ataH inheM eka ke bAda eka bhoganA par3atA hai| __ prArabdha karma- saMcita meM se jitane karmoM ke phala ko pahale bhoganA zurU hotA hai, utane ko hI prArabdha kahate haiN| __tAtparya yaha hai ki saMcita arthAt samasta janma-janmAntara ke saMgraha meM se eka choTe se bheda ko prArabdha kahate haiN| kriyamANa karma- jo karma abhI ho rahA hai yA jo abhI kiyA jA rahA hai, vaha kriyamANa karma hai| isa prakAra ina tIna karmoM ke kAraNa AtmA aneka janmoM/paryAyoM ko dhAraNa kara saMskAra arjana karatA calA A rahA hai| AtmA ke sAtha anAdikAlIna karma-pravAha ke kAraNa liMgazarIra, kArmANa zarIra aura bhautika sthUla-zarIra kA sambandha hai| jaba eka sthAna se AtmA isa bhautika zarIra kA tyAga karatA hai, to liMga-zarIra 652 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #662
use anya sthUla zarIra kI prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai| isa sthUla bhautika zarIra meM vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM praveza karate hI AtmAjanma-janmAntaroM ke saMskAroM kI nizcita smRti ko kho detA hai| isalie jyotirvidoM ne prAkRtika jyotiSa ke AdhAra para kahA hai ki yaha AtmA manuSya ke vartamAna sthUla zarIra meM rahate hue bhI eka se adhika jagat ke sAtha sambandha rakhatA hai| ___ mAnava kA bhautika zarIra pradhAnataH jyotiH, mAnasika aura paudgalika ina tInoM upazarIroM meM vibhakta hai| ___ yaha jyoti: upazarIra (Astral's body) dvArA nakSatra jagat; mAnasika zarIra dvArA mAnasika jagat se aura paudgalika upazarIra dvArA bhautika jagat se sambaddha hai| ata: mAnava pratyeka jagat se prabhAvita hotA hai tathA apane bhAva, kriyA dvArA pratyeka jagat ko prabhAvita karatA hai| usake vartamAna zarIra meM jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya Adi aneka zaktiyoM kA dhAraka AtmA sarvatra vyApaka hai tathA zarIra pramANa rahane para bhI apane caitanya kriyAoM dvArA vibhinna jagatoM meM apanA kArya karatA hai| manovaijJAnikoM ne AtmA kI isa kriyA kI vizeSatA ke kAraNa hI manuSya ke vyaktitva ko bAhya aura Antarika do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| bAhya vyaktitva vaha hai, jisane bhautika zarIra ke rUpa meM avatAra liyA hai| ___ Antarika vyaktitva vaha hai, jo aneka bAhya vyaktitvoM kI smRtiyoM, anubhavoM aura pravRttiyoM kA saMzleSaNa apane meM rakhatA hai| bAhya aura Antarika ina donoM vyaktitva sambandhI cetanA ke jyotiSa meM vicAra, anubhava aura kriyA ye tIna rUpa mAne gaye haiN| bAhya vyaktitva ke tIna rUpa Antarika vyaktitva ke ina tInoM rUpa se sambaddha haiM, para Antarika vyaktitva ke tIna rUpa apanI nijI vizeSatA aura zakti rakhate haiM, jisase manuSya ke bhautika (kriyA), mAnasika (anubhava) aura AdhyAtmika (vicAra) ina tInoM jagatoM kA saMcAlana hotA hai| manuSya kA anta:karaNa ina tInoM vyaktitva ke ukta tInoM rUpoM ko milAne kA kArya karatA hai| dUsare dRSTikoNa se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye tInoM rUpa eka maulika avasthA meM AkarSaNa aura vikarSaNa kI pravRtti dvArA antaHkaraNa kI sahAyatA se santulita rUpa ko prApta hote haiN| ____ tAtparya yaha hai ki AkarSaNa kI pravRtti bAhya vyaktitva ko aura vikarSaNa kI pravRtti Antarika vyaktitva ko prabhAvita karatI hai aura ina donoM ke bIca meM rahanevAlA anta:karaNa jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 653 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #663
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra inheM santulana pradAna karatA hai / manuSya kI unnati aura avanati isa santulana ke palar3e para hI nirbhara hai 1 www. kobatirth.org - mAnava-jIvana ke bAhya vyaktitva ke tIna rUpa aura Antarika vyaktitva ke tIna rUpa tathA eka anta:karaNa - ina sAta ke pratIka saura - jagat meM rahanevAle sAta grahasUrya, candramA, maMgala, budha, bRhaspati, zukra aura zani mAne gaye haiM / uparyukta sAta rUpa saba prANiyoM ke eka se nahIM hote haiM, kyoMki janma-janmAntaroM ke saMcita, prArabdha karma vibhinna prakAra ke haiM, ataH pratIka rUpa graha apane-apane pratirUpya ke sambandha meM vibhinna prakAra kI bAteM prakaTa karate haiM / pratirUpyoM kI saccI avasthA bIjagaNita kI avyaktamAna kalpanA dvArA niSpanna aMkoM ke samAna prakaTa ho jAtI hai / bhAratIya darzana meM bhI " yathA piNDe tathA brahmANDe" kA siddhAnta prAcIna kAla se pracalita hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki vAstavika saura - jagata meM sUrya, candra Adi grahoM ke bhramaNa ke niyama kAraNa haiM, ve hI niyama prANimAtra ke zarIra meM sthita saura- jagat ke grahoM ke bhramaNa karane meM bhI kAma karate haiM / ataH AkAza - sthita graha zarIra sthita grahoM ke pratIka haiN| Antarika vyaktitva kAraka ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki saura- jagat ke sAtha graha mAnava jIvana ke vibhinna avayavoM ke pratIka haiM / ina sAtoM grahoM ke kriyA-phala dvArA hI jIvana kA saMcAlana hotA hai I budha 654 :: jainadharma paricaya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bAhya vyaktitva kAraka bAhya vyaktitva kAraka - bRhaspati, maMgala, candramA Antarika vyaktitva kAraka - zukra, budha, sUrya antaHkaraNa kAraka - zani brahaspati For Private And Personal Use Only antaHkaraNa kAraka zAni

Page #664
AcArya varAhamihira ke siddhAntoM ko manana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki zarIracakra hI graha-kakSAvRta hai| isa kakSAvRta ke dvAdaza bhAva mastaka, mukha, vakSasthala, hRdaya, udara, kaTi, vasti, liMga, jaMghA, ghuTanA, piNDalI aura paira kramazaH meSa, vRSa, mithuna, karka, siMha, kanyA, tulA, vRzcika, dhanu, makara, kumbha aura mIna saMjJaka haiN| ina bAraha rAziyoM meM bhramaNa karanevAle grahoM meM AtmA ravi, mana candramA, dhairya maMgala, vANI budha, viveka guru, vIrya zukra aura saMvedana zani hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki varAhamihirAcArya ne sAta graha aura bAraha rAziyoM kI sthiti dehadhArI prANI ke bhItara hI batalAyI hai| isa zarIra sthita sauracakra kA bhramaNa AkAzasthita sauramaNDala ke AdhAra para hI hotA hai| jyotiSazAstra vyakta saurajagat ke grahoM kI sthiti, gati Adi ko prakaTa karatA hai, isalie isa zAstra dvArA nirUpita phaloM kA mAnava-jIvana se sambandha hai| prAcIna bhAratIya AcAryoM ne prayogazAlA ke abhAva meM apane divya yogabala dvArA Abhyantara saurajagat kA pUrNa darzana kara AkAzamaNDalIya saura-jagat ke niyama nirdhArita kiye the, unhoMne apane zarIrastha sUrya kI gati nizcita kI thii| isI kAraNa jyotiSa ke phalAphala kA vivecana Aja bhI vijJAna-sammata mAnA jAtA hai| jyotiSa aura jaina paramparA __ jaina paramparA batalAtI hai ki Aja se lAkhoM varSa pUrva karmabhUmi ke prArambha meM prathama kulakara pratizruti ke samaya meM jaba manuSya ko sarvaprathama sUrya aura candramA dikhalAI par3e, to ve inase sazaMkita hue aura apanI utkaNThA zAnta karane ke lie ukta pratizruti nAmaka kulakara manu ke pAsa gye| ukta manu ne hI saura-jagat sambandhI sArI jAnakAriyA~ batalAyIM aura ye hI saura-jagat kI jJAtavya bAteM jyotiSazAstra ke nAma se prasiddha huiiN| mUlabhUta saura-jagat ke siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para gaNita aura phalita jyotiSa kA vikAsa pratizruti manu ke sahasroM varSa ke bAda huA tathA graha-nakSatroM kI sthiti ke AdhAra para bhAvI phalAphaloM kA nirUpaNa bhI usI samaya se hone lgaa| jaina jyotiSa kA vikAsa ___ jainAgama kI dRSTi se jyotiSa zAstra kA vikAsa vidyAnuvAdAMga aura parikramoM se huA hai| samasta gaNita-siddhAnta jyotiSa parikramoM meM aMkita hai aura aSTAMganimitta kA vivecana vidyAnuvAdAMga meM kiyA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama dhavalA TIkA meM pandraha prakAra ke muhUrta Aye haiN| muhUrtoM kI nAmAvalI vIrasena svAmI kI apanI nahIM hai, kintu pUrva paramparA se zlokoM ko unhoMne uddhRta jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 655 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #665
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kiyA hai / ataH muhUrta - carcA jaina paramparA meM paryApta prAcIna hai / 'praznavyAkaraNa' meM nakSatroM ke phaloM kA vizeSa DhaMga se nirUpaNa karane ke lie kula, upakula aura kulopakuloM meM vibhAjana kA varNana kiyA hai / yaha varNana - praNAlI saMhitA zAstra ke vikAsa meM apanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai| isa varNana kA prayojana usa mahIne ke phalAdeza se sambandha rakhatA hai / isa grantha meM Rtu, ayana, mAsa, pakSa, nakSatra aura tithi sambandhI carcAe~ bhI upalabdha haiN| samavAyAMga meM nakSatroM kI tArAe~, unake dizAdvAra Adi kA varNana hai| ThANAMga meM candramA ke sAtha sparzayoga karane vAle nakSatroM kA kathana kiyA hai / aSTAMga nimitta - jJAna kI carcAe~ bhI Agama-granthoM meM milatI haiN| gaNita aura phalita jyotiSa kI aneka maulika bAtoM kA saMgraha Agama-granthoM meM hai / phuTakara jyotiSa-carcA ke alAvA sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti, jyotiSakaraNDaka, aMgavijjA, gaNivijjA, maNDalapraveza, gaNitasArasaMgraha, gaNitasUtra, vyavahAra gaNita, jainagaNitasUtra, siddhAntaziromaNi -vedya muni, gaNitazAstra, gaNitasAra, joisAra, paMcAGgAnayanavidhi, iSTatithisAraNI, lokavijayayantra, paMcAGgatattva, kevalajJAna horA, ayajJAnatilaka, AyasadyAva prakaraNa, riTThasamuccaya, ardhakANDa, jyotiSaprakAza, jAtakatilaka, nakSatracUDAmaNi Adi saikar3oM grantha jaina jyotiSa se sambandhita Aja upalabdha haiN| viSaya - vicAra kI dRSTi se jaina jyotiSa ko pradhAnataH do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| eka gaNita aura dUsarA phalita / gaNita-jyotiSa - saiddhAntika dRSTi se gaNita kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai; grahoM kI gati, sthiti, vakrI, mArgI, madhyaphala, mandaphala, sUkSmaphala, kujyA, prijyA, bANa, cApa, paridhiphala evaM kendraphala Adi kA pratipAdana binA gaNita jyotiSa ke nahIM ho sakatA hai| AkAzamaNDala meM vikIrNitA tArikAoM kA grahoM ke sAtha kaba, kaisA sambandha hotA hai, isakA jJAna bhI gaNita - prakriyA se saMbhava hai| jainAcAryoM ne gaNita jyotiSa sambandhI viSaya kA pratipAdana karane ke lie pATIgaNita, rekhAgaNita, bIjagaNita, trikoNamiti, golIyarekhAgaNita, cApIya evaM vakrIya trikoNamiti, pratibhAgaNita, zRgonnatigaNita, paMcAGganirmANa gaNita, janmapatranirmANa gaNita, grahayuti, udayAsta sambandhI gaNita evaM yantrAdi sAdhana sambandhI gaNita kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| phalita jyotiSa- isameM grahoM ke anusAra phaloM kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| pradhAnatayA isameM graha, nakSatrAdi kI gati yA saMcAra Adi ko dekhakara prANiyoM kI bhAvI dazA, kalyANa-akalyANa Adi kA varNana hotA hai| jainAcAryoM ne phalita siddhAnta kA parijJAna karane ke lie phuTakara carcAoM ke atirikta varSabodha, grahabhAva prakAza, ber3AjAtaka, praznazataka, prazna caturviMzatikA, lagnavicAra, jyotiSaratnAkara prabhRti granthoM kI racanAe~ kI haiN| 1 656 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #666
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir phalita viSaya ke vistAra meM aSTAMga-nimittajJAna bhI zAmila hai aura pradhAnataH yahI nimittajJAna saMhitA viSaya ke antargata AtA hai| jaina dRSTi meM saMhitA granthoM meM aSTAMga nimitta ke sAtha Ayurveda aura kriyAkANDa ko bhI sthAna diyA hai| RSiputra, mAghanandI, akalaMka, bhaTTavasari Adi ke nAma saMhitA-granthoM ke praNetA ke rUpa se prasiddha haiN| praznazAstra aura sAmudrika-zAstra kA samAveza bhI saMhitA-zAstra meM kiyA hai| ataH phalita zAstra meM horAzAstra, saMhitAzAstra, muhUrtazAstra, sAmudrikazAstra, praznazAstra, svapnazAstra evaM nimittazAstra Adi haiN| __horA kA artha hai- lagna aura jaatk-shaastr| isakI utpatti ahorAtra zabda se hai| Adi zabda 'a' aura antima zabda 'tra' kA lopa kara dene se 'horA' zabda banatA hai| lagna para se zubha-azubha phala kA jJAna karAnA horA-zAstra kA kAma hai| isameM jAtaka ke janma ke samaya ke nakSatra, tithi, yoga, karaNa Adi kA phala ati-uttamatA ke sAtha batAyA jAtA hai| jainAcAryoM ne isameM graha evaM varNasvabhAva, guNa, AkAra Adi bAtoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| janma-kuNDalI kA phala batAnA isa zAstra kA mukhya uddezya hai| AcArya zrIdhara ne yaha bhI batalAyA hai ki AkAza sthita zazi aura grahoM ke bimboM meM svAbhAvika zubha aura azubhapanA maujUda hai, kintu unameM paraspara sAhacaryAdi tAtkAlika sambandha se phala-vizeSa zubha aura azubha rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, jisakA prabhAva pRthvIsthita prANiyoM para bhI pUrNarUpa se par3atA hai| isa zAstra meM deha, dravya (dhanabhAva), parAkrama, sukha, suta (santAna), zatru, kalatra, Ayu, bhAgya, rAjyapada (karma), lAbha aura vyaya ina bAraha bhAvoM kA varNana rahatA hai| isa zAstra meM lagna aura lagneza ko prAthamikatA dI gayI hai| ye-jaba jAtaka kI janmakuNDalI meM acche hoM, to azubha sambhAvanA ghaTa jAtI hai| __ jaise yadi lagna tathA lagneza balavAna ho, to paristhitiyA~ viparIta hone para bhI jAtaka una paristhitiyoM ko apane anurUpa banAne meM sakSama hotA hai tathA zarIra, sukha evaM Ayu Adi kI kamI nahIM hotii| yadi lagna athavA lagneza kI sthiti viruddha hai, to jAtaka ko saba taraha se zubha karmoM meM vighna-bAdhAe~ upasthita hotI haiN| lagna ke sahAyaka lagna ko milAkara 12 bhAva haiM, kyoMki AcAryoM ne janmakuNDalI (bhacakra) ko jAtaka kA pUrNa zarIra mAnA hai| yadi janmakuNDalI meM 12 bhAvoM meM koI bhAva bigar3a jAye, to jAtaka ko usa bhAva se sambandhita sukha kA abhAva rahatA hai| ___ataeva lagna-lagneza, bhAgya-bhAgyeza, paMcama-paMcameza, sukha-sukheza, aSTama-aSTeza Adi bhAva-bhAveza tathA sUrya, candra Adi grahoM kI sthiti tathA graha sphuTa meM vakrI, mArgI, bhAvoddhAraka cakra, dreSkANacakra, kuNDalI aura navAMza kuNDalI Adi kA vicAra isa zAstra meM jainAcAryoM ne vistAra se kiyA hai| saMhitA-isa zAstra meM bhUzodhana, dikzodhana, zalyoddhAra, melApaka, grahopakaraNa jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 657 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #667
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir iSTikAdvAra, grahArambha, grahapraveza, jalAzaya, ulkApAta evaM grahoM ke udayAsta kA phala Adi aneka bAtoM kA varNana rahatA hai| jaina AcAryoM ne saMhitA granthoM meM pratimA nirmANa vidhi evaM pratiSThA Adi kA bhI vidhAna likhA hai| yantra, tantra, mantra Adi kA vidhAna bhI isa zAstra meM hai| phalita viSaya ke vistAra meM aSTAMga-nimitta-jJAna bhI zAmila hai aura pradhAnataH yahI nimitta-jJAnasaMhitA viSaya ke andara AtA hai| jaina dRSTi meM saMhitA granthoM meM aSTAMga nimitta ke sAtha Ayurveda ko bhI sthAna diyA hai| aSTAMganimitta- jina lakSaNoM ko dekhakara bhUta aura bhaviSyat meM ghaTita huI aura hone vAlI ghaTanAoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai, unheM nimitta kahate haiN| nyAyazAstra meM do prakAra ke nimitta mAne gaye haiM- kAraka aura suuck| 'kAraka' vaha nimitta hai, jo kisI vastu ko sampanna karane meM sahAyaka hote haiN| jaise ghar3e ke lie kumhAra nimitta hai aura paTa ke lie julaahaa| julAhe aura kumhAra kI sahAyatA ke binA paTa aura ghaTa rUpa kAryoM kA bananA sambhava nahIM haiN| dUsare prakAra kA nimitta 'sUcaka' hai| inase kisI vastu yA kArya kI sUcanA milatI hai, jaise signala kI battI harI ho jAne yA jhuka jAne se gAr3I Ane kI sUcanA / jaina jyotiSazAstra meM sUcakanimitta kI vizeSatAoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| ___ saMhitAzAstra mAnatA hai ki pratyeka ghaTanA ke ghaTita hone se pahale prakRti meM vikAra utpanna hotA hai| ina prAkRtika vikAroM kI pahacAna se vyakti bhAvI zubha-azubha ghaTanAoM ko saralatApUrvaka jAna sakatA hai| graha nakSatrAdi kI gatividhi kA bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna kAlIna kriyAoM ke sAtha kArya-kAraNa kA bhAva-sambandha sthApita kiyA gayA hai| ina avyabhicarita kAryakAraNa bhAva se bhUta, bhaviSyat kI ghaTanAoM kA anumAna kiyA hai aura isa anumAna jJAna ko avyabhicArI mAnA hai| nyAyazAstra bhI mAnatA hai ki suparIkSita avyabhicArI kArya-kAraNa bhAva se jJAta ghaTanAe~ nirdoSa hotI haiN| utpAdaka sAmagrI ke sadoSa hone se hI anumAna sadoSa hotA hai| anumAna kI avyabhicAritA suparIkSita nirdoSa utpAdaka sAmagrI para nirbhara hai| ___ ataH graha yA anya prAkRtika kAraNa kisI vyakti kA iSTa-aniSTa sampAdana nahIM karate, balki iSTa yA aniSTa rUpa meM ghaTita hone vAlI bhAvI ghaTanAoM kI sUcanA dete haiN| saMkSepa meM yaha karma-phala ke abhivyaMjaka haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya Adi ATha karma tathA mohanIya ke darzana aura cAritramoha bhedoM ke kAraNa karmoM ke pradhAna nau bheda jainAgama meM batAye gaye haiN| pradhAna nau graha inhIM karmoM ke phaloM kI sUcanA dete haiN| 658 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #668
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir grahoM ke AdhAra para vyakti ke bandha, udaya aura sattva kI karmapravRttiyoM kA vivecana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai / ataH jyotiSazAstra meM avyabhicArI sUcaka nimitta kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| inhIM sUcaka nimittoM ke saMhitAgranthoM meM ATha bheda kiye gaye haiM, ve haiM vyaMjana, aMga, svara, bhauma, chinna, antarikSa, lakSaNa evaM svapna / vyaMjananimitta jJAna - tila, massA, caTTA Adi ko dekhakara zubhAzubha kA nirUpaNa karanA vyaMjana - nimitta - jJAna hai| jaise sAdhAraNataH puruSa ke zarIra meM dAhinI ora tila, massA, caTTA zubha samajhA jAtA hai aura nArI ke zarIra meM inhIM vyaMjanoM kA bAyIM ora honA zubha hai, dAhine paira meM tila hone se vyakti jJAnI hotA hai, Adi / aMganimittajJAna -- hAtha, pA~va, lalATa, mastaka aura vakSaHsthala Adi zarIra ke aMgoM ko dekhakara zubhAzubha phala kA nirUpaNa karanA aMga-nimitta hai| jaisa- nAsikA, netra, danta, lalATa, mastaka aura vakSaHsthala ye chaH avayava unnata hone se manuSya sulakSaNayukta hotA hai, jisa vyakti kI jihvA itanI lambI ho, jo nAka kA agrabhAga sparza kara le, to vaha yogI va mumukSu hotA hai / mastaka para vicAra karate samaya batAyA gayA hai ki mastaka ke sambandha meM cAra bAteM vicAraNIya haiM - banAvaTa, nasajAla, vistAra aura AbhA / banAvaTa se vicAra, vidyA aura dhArmikatA ke mApa kA patA calatA hai| mastaka ke nasAla se vidyA-vicAra aura pratibhA kA parijJAna hotA hai| vicArazIla, vyaktiyoM ke mAthe para sikur3ana aura granthiyA~ dekhI jAtI haiN| rekhAvihIna cikanA - mastaka pramAda, ajJAna aura lAparavAhI kA sUcaka hai| vistAra meM mastaka kI lambAI, caur3AI aura gaharAI sammalita hai / mastaka kI AbhA kA vahI mahattva hai, jo kisI sundara bane makAna meM ra~gAI, putAI kA hotA hai| oThoM para vicAra karate samaya kahA gayA hai ki moTe oThoM vAlA vyakti mUrkha, durAgrahI aura durAcArI hotA hai| choTe mu~ha meM adhika patale oTha kaMjUsI, daridratA aura cintA ke sUcaka haiN| sarasa, sundara aura AbhA - yukta patale oTha hone para vyakti vidvAna, dhanI, sukhI aura priya hotA hai } aMganimittajJAna meM zarIra ke samasta aMgoM kI banAvaTa, rUpa-raMga tathA unake sparza kA bhI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| svaranimittajJAna -- cetana prANiyoM ke aura acetana vastuoM ke zabda sunakara zubhAzubha kA nirUpaNa karanA svaranimitta kahalAtA hai| podakI kA 'cilicili' isa prakAra kA zabda sunAI par3e, to lAbha kI sUcanA samajhanI caahie| 'cikuciku' isa prakAra kA zabda jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 659 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #669
sunAI par3e, to bulAne ke lie sUcanA samajhanI caahie| podakI kI 'kItukItu' zabda kAmanAsiddhi kA sUcaka hai|| ___ isa nimitta meM kAka, ullU, billI, kuttA Adi ke zabdoM kA vizeSa rUpa se vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| ___ murgA, hAthI, mora aura zRgAla krUra zabda kareM, to aneka prakAra ke bhaya, madhura zabda karane se iSTa-lAbha tathA ati-madhura zabda karane se dhanAdi kA zIghra lAbha hotA hai| kabUtara aura tote kA rudana sarvathA azubhakAraka mAnA jAtA hai| gAya, baila, bakarI, bhaiMsa inakI madhura, komala, karkaza evaM madhyama dhvaniyoM ke anusAra phalAdezoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| rone kI dhvani tathA ha~sane kI dhvani sabhI pazu-pakSiyoM kI azubha mAnI gayI hai| bhaumanimitta jJAna- bhUmi ke raMga, cikanAhaTa, rUkhepana Adi ke dvArA zubhAzubhatva avagata karanA bhauma-nimitta kahalAtA hai| isa nimitta meM gRha-nirmANayogya bhUmi, devAlayanirmANayogya bhUmi, jalAzaya-nirmANayogya bhUmi Adi bAtoM kI jAnakArI prApta kI jAtI hai| bhUmi ke rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza dvArA usake zubhAzubhatva ko jAnA jAtA hai| bhUmi ke nIce jala kA vicAra karate samaya batAyA gayA hai ki jisa sthAna kI miTTI pANr3a aura pIta varNa kI ho tathA usameM se zahada-jaisI gandha nikalatI ho, vahA~ jala nikalatA hai| nIlakamala ke raMga kI miTTI ho, vahA~ khAre jala kA srota milatA hai| kisI bhI makAna meM kahA~ asthi hai aura kahA~ para dhana-dhAnyAdi hai, isakI jAnakArI bhI bhUmi-gaNita ke anusAra kI jAtI hai| jyotiSazAstra ke viSayoM meM aise kaI prakAra ke gaNita haiM, jo bhUmi ke nIce kI vastuoM para prakAza DAlate haiN| batAyA gayA hai ki jisa sthAna kI miTTI hAthI ke mada ke samAna gandha vAlI ho yA kamala ke samAna gandha vAlI ho aura jahA~ prAyaH koyala AyA-jAyA karatI ho, aura gohada ne apanA nivAsa banAyA ho, isa prakAra kI bhUmi meM nIce svarNAdi dravya rahate haiN| dUdha ke samAna gandha vAlI bhUmi ke nIce rajata; madhu aura pRthvI ke samAna gandha vAlI bhUmi ke nIce rajata aura tAmra; kabUtara kI bITa ke samAna gandha vAlI bhUmi ke nIce patthara aura jala ke samAna gandhavAlI bhUmi ke nIce asthiyA~ milatI haiN| chinnanimittajJAna- vastra, zastra, Asana aura chatrAdi ko chidA huA dekhakara zubhAzubha kA phala kahanA chinna-nimitta-jJAna ke antargata hai| batAyA gayA hai ki naye vastra, Asana, zaiyA, zastra, jUtA Adi ke nau bhAga karake vicAra karanA caahie| vastroM ke koNoM ke cAra bhAgoM meM devatA, pAzanta-mUla bhAga ke do bhAgoM meM manuSya aura madhya ke tIna bhAgoM meM rAkSasa basate haiN| nayA vastra yA uparyukta nayI vastuoM meM syAhI, gobara, kIcar3a Adi laga jAye, uparyukta vastue~ jala jAyeM, phaTa jAyeM, kaTa jAyeM, to azubha phala samajhanA caahie| rAkSasa ke bhAgoM meM vastra meM cheda ho jAye, to vastra ke svAmI ko roga yA 660 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #670
mRtyu hotI hai| manuSya bhAgoM meM cheda ho jAne para putra-janma hotA hai tathA vaibhavazAlI padArthoM kI prApti hotI hai| devatAoM ke bhAgoM meM cheda hone para dhana, aizvarya, vaibhava, sammAna evaM bhogoM kI prApti hotI hai| devatA, manuSya aura rAkSasa ina tInoM bhAgoM meM cheda ho jAne para atyanta aniSTa hotA hai| naye vastroM meM kurtA, TopI, kamIja, koTa Adi Upara pahane jAne vAle vastroM kA vicAra pramukha rUpa se karanA cAhie tathA zubhAzubha phala UparI vastroM ke jalane-kaTane kA vizeSa hotA hai| saba se adhika nikRSTa TopI kA jalanA yA phaTanA kahA gayA hai| antarikSanimittajJAna- graha-nakSatroM ke udaya yA asta dvArA zubhAzubha kA nirUpaNa karanA antarikSa nimitta hai| zukra, budha, maMgala, guru aura zani ina pA~ca grahoM ke udayAsta dvArA hI zubhAzubha phala kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| yataH sUrya aura candramA kA udayAsta pratidina hotA hai, ataeva zubhAzubha phala ke lie ina grahoM ke udayAsta vicAra kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI hai| isa nimitta jJAna dvArA prAkRtika evaM rAjanItika ApadA kA zubhAzubha phala kahA jAtA hai| lakSaNanimittajJAna- svastika, kalaza, zaMkha, cakra Adi cihnoM ke dvArA evaM hasta, mastaka aura pada-tala kI rekhAoM dvArA zubhAzubha kA nirUpaNa karanA lakSaNa-nimitta hai| yaha jJAna sAmudrika zAstra ke antargata AtA hai| karalakkhaNa meM batAyA gayA hai ki manuSya lAbha-hAni, sukha-dukha, jIvana-maraNa, jaya-parAjaya, evaM svAsthya-asvAsthya rekhAoM ke bala se prApta karatA hai| puruSoM ke lakSaNa dAhine hAtha se aura striyoM ke bAe~ hAtha kI rekhAoM se avagata karane caahie| hastasaMjIvana meM AcArya meghavijayagaNi ne batAyA hai ki saba aMgoM meM hAtha zreSTha hai, kyoMki sabhI kArya hAtha dvArA kiye jAte haiN| hAtha meM janmapatrI kI taraha grahoM kA avasthAna batAyA hai| __ tarjanI mUla meM bRhaspati kA sthAna, madhyamA a~gulI ke mUla deza meM zani kA sthAna, anAmikA ke mUla deza meM ravi sthAna, kaniSThA ke mUladeza meM budha sthAna tathA bRhadaMguSTha ke mUla zukra-sthAna hai| maMgala ke do sthAna batAe gaye haiM-1. tarjanI aura bRhadguli ke bIca meM pitRrekhA ke samApti sthAna ke nIce aura 2. budha ke sthAna ke nIce tathA candra ke sthAna ke Upara AyurekhA aura pitRrekhA ke nIcevAle sthAna se batAyA gayA hai| rekhAoM ke varNa kA phala batalAte hue jainAcAryoM ne likhA hai ki rekhAoM ke raktavarNa hone se manuSya Amodapriya, sadAcArI aura ugra svabhAva kA hotA hai| yadi raktavarNa meM kAlI-AbhA mAlUma par3e, to pratihiMsAparAyaNa, zaTha aura krodhI hotA hai| isa zAstra meM pradhAna rUpa se AyurekhA, mAtRrekhA, pitRrekhA evaM samayanirNaya rekhA, jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 661 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #671
UrdhvarekhA, antaHkaraNa rekhA, strIrekhA, santAnarekhA, samudrayAtrA rekhA yA maNibandha rekhA Adi rekhAoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sabhI grahoM ke parvata bhI sAmudrika zAstra meM batalAye gaye haiN| inake phala kA vizleSaNa bahuta sundara DhaMga se jainAcAryoM ne kiyA hai| __ praznanimittajJAna zAstra- praznazAstra nimitta-jJAna kA eka pradhAna aMga rahA hai| isameM dhAtu, mUla, jIva, naSTa, muSTi, lAbha, hAni, roga, mRtyu, bhojana, zayana, janma, karma, senAgamana, nadiyoM kI bAr3ha, avRSTi, anAvRSTi, ativRSTi, phasala, jaya-parAjaya, lAbhahAni, vidyAsiddhi, vivAha, santAnalAbha, yaza prApti evaM jIvana ke vibhinna praznoM kA uttara diyA gayA hai| jainAcAryoM ne aSTAMganimitta para aneka grantha likhe haiN| bhadrabAhusaMhitA isa viSaya kA eka pramukha grantha hai| praznazAstra nimitta-zAstra kA vaha aMga hai, jisameM binA kisI gaNita kriyA ke trikAla kI bAteM batAI jAtI haiN| praznanimitta kA vicAra tIna prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai- praznAkSara-siddhAnta, praznalagnasiddhAnta aura svaravijJAna siddhaant| ___ praznAkSara-siddhAnta kA AdhAra manovijJAna hai; yata:bAhya aura Abhyantarika donoM prakAra kI vibhinna paristhitiyoM ke adhIna mAnava-mana kI bhItarI taha meM jaisI bhAvanAe~ chipI rahatI haiM, vaise hI praznAkSara nikalate haiN| ataH praznAkSaroM ke nimitta ko lekara phalAdeza kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| kevalajJAnapraznacUr3AmaNi' praznAkSara-siddhAnta kA eka mahattvapUrNa jaina grantha hai| do-cAra granthoM meM prazna kI praNAlI prazna-lagna ke anusAra milatI hai| yadi lagna yA lagneza balI hue aura svasambandhI grahoM kI dRSTi huI to kArya kI siddhi aura isake viparIta meM asiddhi hotI hai| candronmIlana prazna meM caryA, ceSTA evaM hAva-bhAva Adi se praznoM ke uttara diye haiN| jaise ha~sate hue prazna pUchane se kArya siddha hotA hai aura udAsIna rUpa se prazna karane para kArya asiddha rahatA hai| vAstava meM jaina praznazAstra bahuta unnata hai| jyotiSa ke aMgoM meM jitanA adhika yaha zAstra vikasita huA hai, utanA dUsarA zAstra nhiiN| svapnanimittajJAna'- jaina mAnyatA meM svapna saMcita-karmoM ke anusAra ghaTita hone vAle zubhAzubha phala ke dyotaka batAye gaye haiN| svapnazAstroM ke adhyayana se spaSTa avagata hotA hai ki karmabaddha prANimAtra kI kriyAe~ sAMsArika jIvoM ko usake bhUta aura bhAvi jIvana kI sUcanA detI haiN| svapna kA antaraMga kAraNa jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya ke kSayopazama ke sAtha mohanIya kA udaya hai| jisa vyakti ke jitanA adhika ina karmoM kA kSayopazama hogA, usa vyakti ke svapnoM kA phala bhI utanA hI adhika satya niklegaa| tIvrakarmoM 662 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #672
ke udayavAle vyaktiyoM ke svapna nirarthaka evaM sArahIna hote haiN| isakA mukhya kAraNa jainAcAryoM ne yahI batAyA hai ki suSuptAvasthA meM bhI AtmA to jAgrata rahatI hai, kevala indriyoM aura mana kI zakti vizrAma karane ke lie suSupta-sI ho jAtI hai| jisake uparyukta karmoM kA kSayopazama hai, usake kSayopazamajanya indriyA~ aura mana-sambandhI-cetanA yA jJAnAvasthA adhika rahatI hai| isalie jJAna kI ujjvalatA se nidrita avasthA meM jo kucha dekhate haiM, usakA sambandha hamAre bhUta, vartamAna aura bhAvi jIvana se hai| isI kAraNa svapnazastriyoM ne svapna ko bhUta, vartamAna aura bhAvi jIvana kA dyotaka batalAyA hai| upalabdha jaina jyotiSa meM svapnazAstra apanA vizeSa sthAna rakhatA hai| jahA~ jainAcAryoM ne jIvana meM ghaTanevAlI aneka ghaTanAoM ke iSTAniSTa kAraNoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai, vahA~ svapna ke dvArA bhAvi-jIvana kI unnati aura avanati kA vizleSaNa bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa DhaMga se kiyA hai| yoM to prAcIna vaidika dharmAvalambI jyotiSazAstriyoM ne bhI isa viSaya meM paryApta likhA hai, para jainAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita svapna-zAstra meM kaI vizeSatAe~ haiN| vaidika jyotiSazAstriyoM ne Izvara ko sRSTikartA mAnA hai, isalie svapna ko Izvaraprerita icchAoM kA phala batAyA hai| varAhamihira, bRhaspati aura paulastya Adi vikhyAta gaNakoM ne Izvara kI preraNA ko hI svapna meM pradhAna kAraNa mAnA hai| phalAphala ke vivecana meM dasa-pA~ca sthaloM meM bhinnatA milegii| jainasvapnazAstra meM pradhAnatayA sAta prakAra ke svapna batAye gaye haiM1. dRSTa- jo kucha jAgRta-avasthA meM dekhA ho, usI ko svapnAvasthA meM dekhA jaae| 2. zruta- sone se pahale kabhI kisI se sunA ho, usI ko svapnAvasthA meM dekhA jaae| 3. anubhUta- jisakA jAgRta-avasthA meM kisI bhA~ti anubhava kiyA ho, usI ko svapna meM dekhe| 4. prArthita- jisakI jAgRta-avasthA meM prArthanA-icchA kI ho, usI ko svapna meM dekhe| 5. kalpita- jisakI jAgRta-avasthA meM kalpanA kI gayI ho, usI ko svapna meM dekhe| 6. bhAvika- jo kabhI na dekhA ho yA sunA ho, para jo bhaviSya meM honevAlA ho, use svapna meM dekhe| 7. vAta, pitta aura kapha inake vikRta ho jAne se dekhA jaae| ina sAta prakAra ke svapnoM meM se kevala bhAvika svapna kA phala satya hotA hai| phalita jaina jyotiSazAstra zaka saMvat kI 5vIM zatAbdI meM atyanta pallavita aura jyotiSa : svarUpa aura vikAsa :: 663 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #673
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org puSpita thA / isa kAla meM honevAle varAhamihira - jaise prasiddha gaNaka ne siddhasena aura devasvAmI kA smaraNa kiyA hai tathA do cAra yogoM meM matabheda dikhalAyA hai tathA isI zatAbdI ke kalyANavarmA ne kanakAcArya kA ullekha kiyA hai / yaha kanakAcArya bhI jaina gaNaka pratIta hote haiM / ina jainAcAryoM ke granthoM kA patA adyAvadhi nahIM laga pAyA hai, para itanA nissandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye jaina gaNaka jyotiSazAstra ke mahAna prarvatakoM meM se the| saMhitAzAstra ke racayitAoM meM vAmadeva kA nAma bhI bar3e gaurava ke sAtha liyA gayA hai| vaha vAmadeva lokazAstra ke vettA, gaNitajJa evaM saMhitAzAstra meM dhurINa kahe gaye haiM / isa prakAra phalita jaina jyotiSa vikAsazIla rahA hai| saMkalana AbhAra 1. vizeSa jAnane ke lie dekheM: 'svapna aura usakA phala jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, bhAga - 11, kiraNa 1 2. bhAratIya jyotiSa - DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya 3. kevalajJAnapraznacUDAmaNi- DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya 4. bhadrabAhusaMhitA - DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya 664 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #674
divyadhvani : kampyUTara vijJAna pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina bhagavajjinendra ko jaba kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai, tadanantara samavasaraNa meM unake sarvAMga se eka vicitra garjanA rUpa U~kAramaya dhvani khiratI hai, jise divyadhvani kahA jAtA hai| yadyapi yaha mAnyatA bahuta sApha nahIM hai, tathApi harivaMzapurANa meM (3/16-38) divyadhvani ko prAtihAryo meM tathA sarvamAgadhI bhASA ko devakRta atizayoM meM ginA gayA hai, jabaki tiloyapaNNatti meM yaha ullekha milatA hai ki aThAraha mahAbhASAoM tathA sAta sau kSudra bhASAoM se yukta divyadhvani kevalajJAna ke gyAraha atizayoM meM se eka hai (ti.pa. 4/ 899-906), jo bhI ho, yahA~ yaha prazna vivecya nahIM hai ki divyadhvani prAtihAryoM kA aMga hai athavA kevalajJAna ke atizayoM kA?... athavA kevalajJAna hone para hone vAle devakRta atizayoM kA?... para isa bindu para sabhI AcArya eka-mata haiM ki arhanta bhagavAna ke upadeza dene kI sabhA samavasaraNa ke parakoTe meM sabhI AgamyamAna yathA- tiryaMca, manuSya va deva Adi jIva nizcita prakoSTha meM hI bhagavajjinendra kI amRtavANI se karNo ko tRpta karane ke lie baiThate haiM aura vahA~ baiThakara sabhI apanI-apanI bhASA meM pariNamyamAna vANI meM apanI-apanI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna bhI zrI gaNadhara deva ke mAdhyama se pAte haiM aura saba kI samaSTi rUpa meM eka-jaisI hI, para vastutaH pratyeka kI alaga-alaga yaha anubhUti hotI hai ki bhagavajjinendra hamArI bhASA meM hama ko hI lakSya kara kaha rahe haiN| yahA~ mahattvapUrNa yaha hai ki yaha saba ko kahane ke mAdhyama zrI gaNadhara deva hI banate haiM (parovadeseNa binA akkharaNakkharasaruvAsesabhAsam tara kusalo samavasaraNajaNamettarUvadhArittaNeNa amhamhANam bhASAhi amhamhANaM ceva kahadi ti savvesiM pacca uppAyao samavasaraNajaNasodidiesu sagamuhaviNiggayANeya bhAsANaM saMkareNa pavesassa viNavArao gaNaharadevo gaMthakattAro - dhavalA 9/4, 1, 44/128/6) / isa bindu para bhI jaina paramparA ke sabhI AcArya eka-mata haiM ki kevalajJAna se alaMkRta bhagavat jinendra nikhila brahmANDa ke jJAna ke nidhAna haiM, isIlie to koI bhI bhavya jIva apanI kisI bhI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa/samAdhAna samavasaraNa meM pAtA hai| kampyUTara ke vikAsa ke mUla meM vaijJAnikoM kA prArambha se lekara nirantara yaha divyadhvani : kampyUTara vijJAna :: 665 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #675
bahuta spaSTa lakSya rahA hai ki 'hama kampyUTara ko eka aise jJAnasrota ke rUpa meM vikasita karake raheMge/kareMge, jisameM akhila brahmANDa kI sakala jAnakArI isa rUpa meM rakha dI jAegI' aura isI dizA meM saMgaNaka-vaijJAnika nirantara gatizIla rahe haiM tathA kucha aMzoM meM lakSya kI prApti bhI unhoMne kI hai| isIlie kampyUTaravijJAna meM DATAbesa se Upara uThakara eka aura mahattvapUrNa dhAraNA Knowledge Base jJAnasrota kI bahuta tejI se naye rUpa meM ubharakara AyI hai| aba prazna uThatA hai ki isa lakSya kI parikalpanA kA vicAra kampyUTara ke vaijJAnikoM ke mastiSka meM kaise ubharA saca pUchie to yaha bAta bahuta spaSTa hai ki pazcimI jagat vaicArika rUpa meM utanA samRddha nahIM hai, jitanA ki bhArata / isakA kAraNa bahuta spaSTa hai ki unakI sAhitya-saMskRti kI paramparA utanI samRddha nahIM hai, jitanI ki bhArata kii| eka aura kAraNa hai ki Aja kI tathAkathita apane ko Adhunika kahalAne vAlI pIr3hI kA sabase bar3A doSa hai ki Computer Science ke loga jisase lete haiM, usake prati mana se kRtajJatA jJApita bhI nahIM karanA cAhate haiN| isIlie sAmAnyata: ve dAtAra ko smaraNa hI nahIM karate haiM aura yadi kahIM bhUla se smaraNa karanA par3a jAe, to kevala vAcika-stara para dhanyavAda dekara alaga ho jAte haiN| eka kAraNa aura hai ki hama tathAkathita Adhunika kahe jAne vAle loga pUrvAgraha ke sAtha paramparA kI sArI mAnyatAoM ko rUr3hi yA dakiyAnUsI mAnakara calate haiM, isalie unameM yadi koI bAta mahattva kI hai bhI, to use mahattvapUrNa mAnane meM apanI heThI mAnate haiN| yahI ina saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM ke sAtha huA; anyathA samavasaraNa meM vidyamAna kevalajJAnI jinendra ke svarUpa kI dhAraNA ke ThIka samAna lakSya kI dhAraNA binA jaina paramparA ke nAmollekha ke nahIM pnptii| khule mastiSka se yahA~ yaha sambhAvanA bhI vyakta karate haiM ki jina logoM ke vaicArika samparka se saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM ke mastiSka meM yaha vicAra vikasita huA ki unhoMne apane vaicArika AdAna-pradAna meM saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM ko isa dhAraNA ke sAtha jaina paramparA kA bodha na karAyA ho, yadi aisA hai to hajAroM varSoM se isa paramparA ko surakSita rakhane vAle zAstra hamAre sammukha haiM, Aja hI hama unheM svIkAra kara leN| yahIM maiM sampreSaNavijJAna (Communication Science) kI bAta aura karanA cAhatA hU~ ki sampreSaNavijJAna kI yaha pramukha mAnyatA hai ki sampreSaNa avyavasthA meM nahIM hotA. sampreSaNa kI apanI vyavasthA hotI hai, yA sampreSaNa ke lie vyavasthA Avazyaka hai| yaha vyavasthA hotI hai grahItA-sApekSya, "Whom to Address" saapekssy| mAna lIjie ki Apako koI bAta pahu~cAnI hai una daza logoM taka, jo bhinna-bhinna pramukha bhASAoM ke jAnakAra haiM, to kyA unheM eka-sAtha eka-kakSa meM sambodhA jA sakegA? ... nahIM, yaha sambhava nhiiN| bhinna-bhinna pramukha bhASAoM ke hameM bhinna-bhinna varga banAne hoMge aura taba hama sambodhana kA kArya prArambha kreNge| yahIM yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki pratyeka varga ke grahItAoM 666 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #676
(Recipient) ko kendra meM rakhakara hameM bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke Port vikasita karane hoMge, jo eka hI srota-sAmagrI ko bhinna-bhinna prakAra se parivartita karane meM sakSama hone caahie| isIlie Aja kA saMgaNakavijJAna sampreSaNavijJAna kA aMga hai aura sampreSaNavijJAna kI sampreSaNIyatA kA lakSya vyavasthA meM hI pUrA hotA hai| ThIka isI sampreSaNIya vyavasthA ko lakSya meM rakhakara samavasaraNa ke parakoTe meM vibhinna bhASika vargoM ke lie vibhinna prakoSThoM kI vyavasthA meM hI bhagavat jinendra kI vANI khiratI hai, usake bAhara/samavasaraNa ke bAhara nhiiN| Aja se lagabhaga sau sAla pahale samavasaraNa-sabhA kI isa dhAraNA ko tathAkathita vaijJAnika A~kha se dekhane vAle yA vicAra karane vAle logoM ke dvArA kapola-kalpanA mAnA jAtA thA aura TippaNI kI jAtI thI ki kahIM yaha bhI sambhava hai ki jahA~ vaktA eka bhASA meM bola rahA ho aura bhinna-bhinna bhASAoM ke grahItA apanI-apanI bhASA meM usa kathana ko suna rahe hoM, jaisI ki mAnyatA hai ki "jinendra ke sarvAMga se nigadita vANI ko saba apanI-apanI bhASA meM suna rahe hote haiM"-Aja saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM ne uparyukta soca rakhane vAle logoM ko mazInI anuvAda kI dhAraNA dekara cunautI hI nahIM dI hai, balki unheM eka karArA uttara bhI diyA hai| mazInI anuvAda ke mUla meM yaha parikalpanA hai ki jisa dina hama pUrI taraha mazInI anuvAda kA tantra vikasita kara leMge, usa dina koI bhI saMgaNaka (mazIna) upalabdha hogI, to bhI mazIna hameM kisI bhI srotabhASA se apekSita lakSyabhASA meM usakA anUdita rUpa svata: upalabdha karA degii| hamane aba taka mazInI anuvAda ke jo tantra vikasita kiye haiM, unameM isa dizA meM hameM bahuta-aMzoM meM saphalatA bhI milI hai| aba Age hama mazInI anuvAda ke vartamAna meM upalabdha tantroM kI kucha mAnyatAoM ko lekara isa carcA ko kucha aura Age bddh'aaeNge| sAmAnya bhASA-prayoktA ke bhASA-prayoga ke pIche usake mana kI. usakI vivakSA kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hotI hai| balki yU~ kahA jA sakatA hai ki vivakSA ke binA bhASA mUrta rUpa hI nahIM le sakatI, yaha bhASA-prayoktA ke mana kI vivakSA hI hai ki vaha use bhASA-prayoga taka pahu~cAtI hai, isalie yahA~ taka kahA jAtA hai ki mana kI vivakSA ke binA bhASA-vyavahAra sambhava hI nahIM hai| bhASA-prayoga kI yaha prakRti eka lambe samaya se mazInI anuvAda ke kSetra meM kArya kara rahe saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM ke lie samasyA banI rahI hai aura hai ki bhASA-prayoga ko kampyUTara se sambhava banAne ke liye mAnava-mana ko, usakI vivakSA ko kampyUTara meM kaise DhAlA jAe?...isa samasyA para kArya karanevAlA saMgaNakavaijJAnikoM kA eka varga aba yaha mAnakara cala rahA hai ki saMgaNaka se bhASAyI saMsAdhana (Language Processing) ke lie kampyUTara meM mana ko DhAlane (Impleament) kI jarUrata hI nahIM hai, vahIM dUsarA varga mana ko DhAlane kI bAta kI dizA meM Age bar3hane kA divyadhvani : kampyUTara vijJAna :: 667 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #677
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir prayAsa kara rahA hai / yahIM divyadhvani kI yaha mAnyatA bar3e mahattva kI hai va uddharaNIya hai ki divyadhvani ke lie mana yA vivakSA kA honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| isIlie to mahApurANa meM yaha ullekha milatA hai ki - " bhagavAn kI vaha vANI bolane kI icchA ke binA hI prakaTa ho rahI thI" (vivakSaNAmantareNAsya viviktAsIt sarasvatI-mahApurANa 24 / 84, 1/186) / mana ke abhAva ke sambandha meM dhavalA meM yaha ullekha milatA hai ki upacAra se mana ke dvArA satya aura anubhaya ina donoM prakAra ke vacanoM kI utpatti kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| (asato manasaH kathaM vacanadvitaya samutpattiriti cenna, tasya jJAnakAryatvAt / - dhavalA 1 / 1, 1.50/284/ 2) tathA arhantaparameSThI meM mana ke abhAva hone para mana ke kArya rUpa vacana kI saMbhAvyatA ke sandarbha meM dhavalA kI mAnyatA hai ki vacana mana ke kArya nahIM haiM, balki jJAna ke kArya haiN| (tatra manaso'bhAve tatkAryasya vacaso'pi na sattvamiti cenna, tasya jJAnakAryatvAt / -dhavalA, 1/1, 1.112/368 / 3) isIlie yaha Avazyaka hai ki mazInI anuvAda kI dizA meM kArya kara rahe saMgaNaka - vaijJAnikoM ko saMgaNaka meM mana ko DhAlane kA prayAsa na karate hue jJAnasrota ke rUpa meM use vikasita karanA caahie| aba yahIM eka zaMkA aura mana meM uThatI hai ki jaba sAmAnya bhASAyI prayoga meM mana kI bhUmikA hai, to mazInI anuvAda kI prakriyA meM mana ko kyoM na jor3A jAe ?... isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki mazInI anuvAda kI prakriyA meM nivezya sAmagrI (Inputable Material) ke rUpa meM bhASAyI prayoga, jo anUdita honA hai, svayaMprApta hotA hai, jabaki sAmAnya bhASAyI sRjana meM vicAra yA ghaTanA nivezya sAmagrI ke rUpa meM prApta hotI hai, aura vicAra yA ghaTanA ko bhASAyI rUpa dene ke lie vivakSA tathA mana kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, jabaki mazInI anuvAda kI prakriyA yAntrika hai, dUsare - mazInI anuvAda kI prakriyA ke anantara anUdita rUpa meM prApta hone vAle vacana jJAna kA viSaya bane vacanoM kA pariNAma hoMge, na ki mana kA viSaya hue vicAra yA ghaTanA kA pariNAma, ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki mazInI anuvAda kI prakriyA meM mana yA vivakSA kI apekSA nahIM hai| divyadhvani aura saMgaNaka - vijJAna ke kucha samatulya bindu aura haiM ki jisa prakAra samucita dIkSita gaNadhara ke binA divyadhvani nahIM khiratI hai aura gaNadhara mahArAja dvibhASi kA kAma karate haiM, ThIka vaise hI saMgaNaka ke anuprayogoM ko sampAdita karane ke lie hameM samucita dIkSita prAkalanakartA (Programmer) kI aparihArya AvazyakatA hotI hai aura vaha samucita dIkSita prAkalanakartA sAmAnya prayoktAoM kI AvazyakatAoM ke sampAdanArtha mAdhyama kA kArya karatA hai| jisaprakAra divyadhvani akSara aura anakSara ubhaya rUpa hotI hai (akkharANakkharappiyA / kaSAyapAhuDa 1/1/516/126/2) ThIka usI prakAra kampyUTara kI bhASA ko vikasita karane ke lie isake svarUpa ko akSarAtmaka tathA anakSarAtmaka bhI mAnA gayA hai| jisa prakAra divyadhvani kA pragaTanA viziSTa samaya va 668 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #678
avasthAdi meM hotA hai, usI prakAra saMgaNaka ke samucita prayoga ke lie saMgaNaka vaijJAnikoM kI mAnyatA hai ki viziSTa samaya va viziSTa paristhitiyoM kA dhyAna rakhA jaaye| jisa prakAra divyadhvani ke viSaya meM yaha mAnyatA hai ki vaha svayaM artha rUpa na hokara, arthanirUpaka hotI hai| isalie isameM nAnAprakAra ke hetuoM ke dvArA bhavya jIvoM kI zaMkA samAdhAna ke lie nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| (NANAvihahedUhiM divyajhuNI bhaNai bhvvaannN|tiloypnnnntti 4/905) ThIka vaise hI saMgaNakIya bhASAe~ svayaM artha-rUpa nahIM hotI haiM aura mazInI anuvAda kI prakriyA meM saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM kA eka varga yaha bhI mAnatA hai ki anuvAda kI prakriyA meM hameM artha ke saMsAdhana kI bAta nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki artha kA sthAna/Azraya sAMsArika jIvoM kA/manuSyoM kA mastiSka hI hai yA ho sakatA hai, koI yantra yA mazIna nahIM / isalie artha ko mazIna se saMsAdhita karane kA vyartha kA dabAva mazIna para nahIM DAlA jAnA caahie| jisaprakAra ke bhavyajIvoM ke zaMkA nivAraNArtha sAdhana banI abhASAtmaka divyadhvani bhavyajIvoM kA viSaya banakara sAmAnya-bhASAtmaka ho jAtI hai, ThIka usI prakAra prAkalana kI bhASAe~ (Programming Languages) sAmAnya bhASA kI vyavasthA ko apane meM na saMjoye-hue abhASAtmaka hote hue bhI bhASAyI saMsAdhana kA mAdhyama hone ke kAraNa bhASAtmakatA se jur3I rahatI haiN| jisa prakAra bhavya jIva apanI zaMkAoM ke nivAraNArtha ananta jJAna ke bhaNDAra para AdhRta divyadhvani kI zaraNa lete haiM, ThIka usI prakAra Aja ke yuga ke saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM kI yaha mUla parikalpanA rahI hai ki jaba hama pUrI taraha jJAnasrota vikasita kara leMge, jise jijJAsA hogI, vaha mAnava apanI zaMkAoM ke samAdhAna ke lie saMgaNaka ke ananta jJAnakoSa kI zaraNa legaa| isa prakAra yaha spaSTa hai ki Aja ke saMgaNaka-vijJAna va mazInI anuvAda kI adhikAMza mAnyatAe~ divyadhvani ke mUla soca para AdhArita haiM, yA yoM kaheM ki isake vikAsa meM kahIM na kahIM kisI na kisI rUpa meM pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa meM divyadhvani ke soca kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA rahI hai| yahIM yaha bhI mahattvapUrNa anusandheya hai ki saMgaNaka-vaijJAnikoM ko apane saMgaNakIya tantra ko vikasita karane ke lie divyadhvani ke svarUpa ko aura-sUkSma tathA vizada rUpa meM vivecita karate hue apane vaijJAnika vikAsa kA AdhAra banAnA caahie| divyadhvani : kampyUTara vijJAna :: 669 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #679
pratIka darzana elAcArya prajJasAgara muni anAdikAla se dharma aura darzana ke sAtha pratIkoM kA ghaniSTha sambandha rahA hai| jisake phalasvarUpa sthApatya kalA, citrakalA pANDulipiyoM tathA zilAlekhoM meM bhI pratIkoM ko paryApta sthAna milaa| dharma bhAvanA pradhAna hotA hai, use abhivyakta karane ke lie pratIkoM kA avalambana eka prabala sAdhana hai| zAstra vacana hai ki sAdhana ke binA sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| pratIka rUpa sAdhana se kisI varga vizeSa kA hI jJAna nahIM hotA, apitu sampUrNa saMskRti va sabhyatA kA samyagjJAna hotA hai| jaina saMskRti meM aneka pratIka pratibimbita haiM, jo apane Apa meM aneka dhArmika rahasyoM va prAcIna saMskRti ko samAhita kie huye haiN| jainadharma meM pratIkoM ke mAdhyama se cetana tattva ko jar3a se Upara uThAne evaM Atmatattva pradAna karane kI kalA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| ye tadAkAra pratIka atadAkAra hone ke lie nimitta haiM upAdAna jAgRta karane ke lie| atadAkAra pratIka bhAvanAtmaka tathA tadAkAra pratIka citrAtmaka hote haiN| citra cAritravarddhaka, jJAnavarddhaka, puNyavarddhaka, utsAhavarddhaka evaM samyagdarzanavarddhaka hote haiN| jainAcArya citroM ke mahattva ko isa prakAra kahate haiM 'kalAnAM pravaraM citraM, dhrm-kaamrth-mokssdm| mAglyaM prathamaM caitad, gRhe yatra prtisstthitm||' citra-kalA kI zreSThatA (ramaNIyatA) kA sUcaka yaha citra ghara meM jahA~ bhI sadbhAva sthApita kiyA jAtA hai, usase parama maMgala hotA hai aura usase dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ye cAroM puruSArtha bhI prApta hote haiN| jainadharma meM tadAkAra pratIkoM kI saMkhyA aneka hai jaise- samavasaraNa, mAnastambha, caityAlaya, jinamandira, jinapratimA, caityavRkSa, paMcaparameSThI, nandIzvaradvIpa, sumeruparvata, tInaloka, aSTa prAtihArya, aSTamaMgala dravya, solaha svapna, svastika, jaina pratIka, zrIvatsa, bIjAkSara, paMcaraMgI dhvaja, vidhAna maMDapa, zrImaMDapa, dharmacakra tathA lAMchana aadi| jaina dhvaja, jaina pratIka evaM jainadharma se sambandhita anya pratIkoM kA saMkSipta paricayavivaraNa isa prakAra hai 670 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #680
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org jainadhvaja -- yaha dhvaja AkAra meM AyatAkAra hai tathA isakI lambAI va caur3AI kA anupAta 3.2 hai| isa dhvaja meM pA~ca raMga haiM- lAla, pIlA, sapheda, harA aura nIlA (kAlA) / lAla, pIle, hare, nIle raMga kI paTTiyA~ caur3AI meM samAna haiM tathA sapheda raMga kI paTTI anya raMgoM kI paTTI se caur3AI meM dugunI hotI hai| dhvaja ke bIca meM jo svastika hai, usakA raMga kesariyA hai| jaina samAja ke isa sarvamAnya dhvaja meM pA~ca raMgoM ko apanAyA gayA hai jo paMca parameSThI ke pratIka haiM / dhvaja meM zveta raMga - arhanta parameSThI (ghAtiyA karma kA nAza karane para zuddha nirmalatA kA pratIka) / lAla raMga - siddha parameSThI ( aghAtiyA karma kI nirjarA kA pratIka) / pIlA raMga- AcArya parameSThI (ziSyoM ke prati vAtsalya kA pratIka) / harA raMga - upAdhyAya parameSThI (prema-vizvAsa - AptatA kA pratIka) / nIlA raMga - sAdhu parameSThI (sAdhanA meM lIna hone kA aura mukti kI ora kadama bar3hAne kA pratIka) / - ye pA~ca raMga, paMca aNuvrata evaM paMca mahAvratoM ke pratIka rUpa meM bhI sapheda raMga ahiMsA, lAla raMga satya, pIlA raMga acaurya, harA raMga brahmacarya, nIlA raMga aparigraha kA dyotaka mAnA jAtA hai| dhvaja ke madhya meM svastika ko apanAyA gayA hai jo caturgati kA pratIka hai| yathA LA 'narasuratiryaGnArakayoniSu paribhramati jIvaloko'yam / kuzalA svastikaracanetIva nidarzayati dhIrANAm // ' Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir arthAt yaha jIva isa loka meM manuSya, deva, tiryaMca tathA nAraka yoniyoM (caturgati) meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai, mAno isI ko svastika kI kuzala racanA vyakta karatI hai| svastika cihna jainadharma kA Adi cihna hai jise sadA mAMgalika kAryoM meM prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| itihAsa kI dRSTi se mathurA ke purAtattva saMgrahAlaya meM sthita tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI mUrti para bane hue sAta sarpa-phaNoM meM se eka para aMkita hai / svastika kA cihna mohana -jo-dar3o ke utkhanana meM bhI aneka muharoM para prApta huA hai| vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki pA~ca hajAra varSa pUrva kI sindhu sabhyatA meM svastikapUjA pracalita thI / jo ki prAcInatA kA dyotaka hai| svastika ke Upara tIna bindu haiM, jo samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra ko darzAte haiN| yathA samyagdarzana-jJAna- cAritrANi mokssmaargH| AcArya umAsvAmI, tattvArthasUtra, 1/1 pratIka darzana :: 671 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #681
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra Wan www. kobatirth.org tIna ratna ke Upara ardhacandra - jIva ke mokSa yA nirvANa kI kalpanA kI gaI hai arthAt siddhazilA ko lakSita karatA hai / jIva svarga, martya evaM pAtAla loka meM sarvatra vyApta haiM / nArakI jIva dharma se devatA bana sakatA hai aura ratnatraya ko dhAraNa kara mokSa prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| arddhacandra ke Upara jo bindu hai, vaha uttama sukha kA pratIka hai / yathAbinduH syAduttamaM sukhm| jaina saMskRti meM svastika kA vizeSa mahattva hai aura isalie ise dhvaja ke bIca meM rakhA gayA hai / caturgati saMsAra ke paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai, isase Upara uThakara ahiMsA ko AcaraNa meM aura arhanta ko hRdaya meM dhAraNa kara hama nirvANa ko prApta kara skeN| jaina pratIka - pratIka meM bhI svastika ko triloka ke AkAra puruSAkAra meM apanAyA gayA hai, jisakA jaina zAsana meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai aura yaha sarvathA maMgalakArI hai| svastika ke Upara tIna bindu ratnatraya ke dyotaka haiM, jo ratnatraya ko darzAte haiM / ratnatraya ke Upara ardhacandra siddhazilA ko lakSita karatA hai / svastika ke nIce jo hAtha kA cihna diyA gayA hai, vaha abhaya kA bodha detA hai tathA hAtha meM bhI jo cakra diyA gayA hai, vaha trilokanAtha dharmacakra ke adhinAyaka bhagavAn Adi puruSa vRSabhanAtha tIrthaMkara ke adharma para vijaya kA tathA dharma prabhAvanA kA dyotaka hai / niHspRha prabhu ne sUrya ke samAna nAnA dezoM meM vyApta ajJAnAndhakAra ke nivAraNArtha vicaraNa kiyaa| atizayoM se sampanna bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ne jahA~ vihAra kiyA, vahA~ sukha-zAnti kA prasAra rahA, kyoMki prabhu ke maMgala-vihAra pradeza meM roga, grahapIr3A, bhaya tathA zoka kI AzaMkA ke lie bhI sthAna nahIM thA / yathAtrijagadvallabhaH zrImAn bhgvaanaadipuurussH| pracakre vijayodyogaM dharmacakrAdhinAyakAH // *aNNoSa utAreNa jIvA' Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir AcArya jinasena, mahApurANa, 25 / 244 atha puNyaiH samAkRSTo bhavyAnAM niHspRhaH prabhuH / deze-deze tamazchettuM vyacarad bhAnumAniva // yatrAtizayasampanno vijahAra jinezvaraH / tatra rogagrahAtaMkazokazaMkApi durlabhA // dharmazarmAbhyudaya, 21 / 166, 173 tIrthaMkara vRSabhadeva se mahAvIra paryanta taka kA dharmacakra jagat meM jayavanta hokara pravartita ho rahA hai| isa dharmacakra kA samyagdarzana rUpa madhya tumba (kendra) hai| AcArAMgAdika dvAdazAMga usake Are (ArA) haiN| paMca mahAvrata Adi rUpa usake nemi (dhurA) haiN| tapa rUpa usakA AdhAra hai| aisA bhagavAn jinendradeva kA dharmacakra aSTakarmoM ko jItakara parama vijaya ko prApta hotA hai / yathA 672 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #682
sammaiMsaNatuMbaM duvAlasaMgArayaM jiNiM daannN| vayaNemiyaM jage jayadi dhammacakkaM tvodhaarN|| bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 7/1865 jainazAsana meM dharmacakra ke vividha rUpa milate haiN| zAstroM meM dharmacakra ke ina rUpoM kA spaSTa varNana milatA hai| zivakoTi AcArya kI 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM bAraha Are vAle dharmacakra kI carcA milatI hai| ye bAraha Are jinavANI ke dvAdazAMga ke pratIka haiN| caubIsa Are vAlA dharmacakra caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA pratIka hai| SoDaza Are vAlA dharmacakra bhI prAcIna pratimAoM ke sAtha milatA hai| SoDaza kAraNa bhAvanAoM se tIrthaMkara prakRti kA bandha hotA hai| mahAkavi asaga ne 'varddhamAnacarita' meM sUrya kI bhA~ti bhAsvara sahastra kiraNoM vAle dharmacakra kA varNana kiyA hai, jo tIrthaMkaroM ke Age-Age calatA hai| inake atirikta prAcIna kalAkRtiyoM meM jinabimboM ke Upara tathA caraNoM meM bhI dharmacakra milate haiM, jinakI pUjA karate hue zrAvakagaNa dikhAe gaye haiN| hamane caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke pratIka 24 Are vAle dharmacakra ko svIkAra kiyA hai| cakra ke bIcoM-bIca meM jo OM likhA haA hai vaha paMca-parameSThI kA pratIka hai| pratIka ke nIce jo prAkRta bhASA meM athavA saMskRta bhASA meM kramazaH 'aNNoNa uvayAreNa jIvA' athavA 'parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' vAkya diyA hai, isakA tAtparya hai jIvoM para paraspara upakAra krnaa| pratIka meM jainadarzana kA yaha sUtra yuga-yuga se sampUrNa jagata ko zAntipUrNa sahaastitva kI ora bar3hane kI preraNA detA hai| pratIka jisa sundara DhaMga se bana par3A hai, usase samUce jaina zAsana kI bahuta sundara abhivyakti milatI hai| yaha pratIka anAdikAlIna tInaloka ke AkAra kA bodha karAtA huA kahatA hai ki caturgati meM bhramaNa karatI huI AtmA ahiMsA dharma ko apanAkara samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra ke dvArA mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai| sacamuca meM yaha pratIka hameM saMsAra se Upara uThakara mokSa ke prati prayatnazIla hone kA mArgadarzana karatA hai| - jaina dhvaja evaM jaina pratIka kA vikAsa bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke samaya jainadharma ke sabhI sampradAyoM ke pramukha logoM kI upasthiti meM huaa| zrIvatsa- jainadharma evaM kalA meM zrIvatsa kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| jainadharma meM zrIvatsa ko mAMgalika cihna ke sAtha mahApuruSoM ke lAMchana ke rUpa meM bhI mAnyatA dI gayI hai| zrIvatsa puNyAtmAoM kA zArIrika lakSaNa hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke vakSasthala para rahane vAlA cihna hai, unake vAtsalya kA dyotaka hai| jaina tIrthaMkara pratimAoM meM prAyaH sabhI mUrtiyoM meM zrIvatsa kA aMkana cartudalIya puSpa catuSkoNika vibhinna AkAra meM utkIrNa kie jAte haiM, vibhinnatA pratIka darzana :: 673 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #683
hote hue unakI pratIkAtmaka bhAvanA eka samAna hai| aSTa prAtihArya jinendra bhagavAn kI samavasaraNa sthalI meM aneka maMgala dravya rUpI sampadAe~ suzobhita rahatI haiN| unhIM meM aSTa prAtihArya maMgala ke pratIka haiN| ___ azoka vRkSa- jina vRkSoM ke nIce bhagavAn tIrthaMkara ko kevalajJAna huA thA, ve hI azoka vRkSa haiN| azoka vRkSa sukha va zAnti ke pratIka haiM, jisake nIce Akara sAre zoka dUra ho jAte haiN| siMhAsana- azoka vRkSa ke samIpa tIrthaMkara kA vizAla siMhAsana zobhAyamAna hotA hai| siMhAsana zreSThatA kA pratIka hai| tIna chatra- tIrthaMkaroM ke mastakoM ke Upara tIna chatra zobhAyamAna hote haiN| yaha trilokavartI prabhutA ke jIvanta pratIka haiN| bhAmaNDala- jinendra bhagavAna ke Atma _prakAza kA dyotaka hai| yaha karor3oM sUryoM ke sadRz ujjvala tIrthaMkaroM kA prabhAmaNDala jayavantatA kA pratIka hai| divyadhvani- yaha mahAdivya-dhvani sarvabhASAmayatA kI pratIka hai| puSpa vRSTi- puSpa vRSTi ko Ananda va maMgala kA pratIka mAnA hai| cauMsaTha camara- jaina Agama meM jinendra bhagavAna ke 64 camara kahe gaye haiM aura ye hI camara cakravartI se lekara rAjA paryanta Adhe-Adhe hote hai| cakravartI ke battIsa, ardhacakrI ke solaha, maNDalezvara ke ATha, ardhamaNDalezvara ke cAra, mahArAja ke do aura rAjA ke eka camara hotA hai| ata: camara prabhutA ke pratIka mAne gaye haiN| dundubhinAda- yaha sarvalokavyApI kIrti kA pratIka hai| dumA aSTa maMgala dravya ___ jainadharma meM maMgala cihnoM kI nAmAvalI meM aSTa maMgala dravya kA viziSTa sthAna hai| tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke janma ke samaya dikkumAriyA~ inhIM aSTa maMgala dravyoM ko lekara indrANI ke Age-Age calatI hai| bhagavAn kI samavasaraNa sthalI meM bhI cAroM dizAoM meM gopura dvAroM para yaha rakhe jAte haiN| yaha bhI saMkhyA meM ATha hai| yathA bhiNgaar-kls-dppnn-caamr-dhy-viynn-chtt-supitttthaa| advattara-saya-saMkhA, pattekkaM maMgalA tesN|| bhaMgAra, kalaza, darpaNa, caMvara, dhvajA, bIjanA, chatra aura suprasiddha (ThonA) ye ATha 674 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #684
- bhArI maMgala dravya haiN| kalaza- kalaza sRjana, saubhAgya evaM pUrNatA kA dyotaka hai| chatra- zreSThatA kA pratIka hai| jinendra bhagavAna kI tIna loka meM prabhutA ko darzAtA TEGREENA gAra PASSS dhvajA- bhagavAna ke tInoM loka ke / svAmitva ko prakaTa karatI hai| darpaNa- Atmadarzana kA pratIka hai| vyajana (paMkhA)- zItalatA kA pratIka hai| camara- camara bhagavAna ke advitIya jagata ke prabhutva ko sUcita karatA hai| jhArI- eka prakAra kA ghaTa jisameM pavitra jala rahatA hai, jisase jinendra bhagavAn ke caraNa dhoye jAte hai va abhiSeka kiyA jAtA hai| yaha pavitratA kA dyotaka hai| suprasiddha (ThonA)-yaha bhagavAn kI triloka-pUjyatA kA pratIka hai| bIjAkSara zrI- zakti kA pratIka hai| zrI bIjAkSara eka prakAra kA pratiSThA pada hai aura pratiSThA ke anukUla zrI 105,108,1008 Adi saMkhyAoM ke sAtha prayoga meM AtA hai| bhagavattva ke samAna 'zrI' tattvataH bhI vibhu hai| yantroM meM bhI zrI ko sarvazreSTha mAnA jAtA hai| zrI mokSa lakSmI kA bhI pratIka hai| bhagavAn jinendra kI pUjana thAlI meM zrI bIjAkSara zreya kA pratIka hrIM- bIjAkSara kalyANavAcaka hai| yaha caubIsa tIrthaMkara kA pratIka rUpa hai| hrIM meM - ha-sUrya zakti kA bIja hai 'ra' agnibIja zaktiprasphoTaka, samasta pradhAna bIjoM kA janaka hai| 'I' amRtabIja kA pratIka hai jJAnavardhaka hai| 'ma' zabda siddhidAyaka aura pAralaukika siddhiyoM kA pradAtA hai| hrIM ko sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke nAmAkSaroM kA vAcaka kahA gayA hai| hrIM bIjAkSara ke candra meM candraprabhu va puSpadanta bhagavAna sthApita haiM candrabindu meM neminAtha va munisuvrata nAtha, hrIM kI kalA meM padmaprabhu 'I' kI mAtrA meM supArzvanAtha va pArzvanAtha pratiSThita haiN| 'ha' meM anya solaha tIrthaMkara bhagavAn pratibimbita hote haiN| hrIM ke samAna kaloM ko lakSmI prApti vAcaka, kSIM ko zAntivAcaka, kSvI ko bhoga vAcaka, 'prI' stambha vAcaka pratIka haiN| yaha samasta bIjAkSara anta:karaNa aura vRtti kI zuddha preraNA ke pratIka haiN| mAnastambha samavasaraNa racanA kA hI yaha eka mahattvapUrNa pratIka hai| yaha tIrthaMkara kI mahattA kA pratIka hai| mAnastambha kI U~cAI dekhakara mithyAdRSTi logoM kA abhimAna naSTa ho jAtA hai| pratIka darzana :: 675 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #685
mAnastambhoM kI U~cAI tIrthaMkaroM kI U~cAI se bAraha gunA hotI hai| mAnastambha khaMDoM meM vibhAjita hotA hai| jaina mandira ke sammukha vizAla stambha banavAne kI prathA madhyakAlIna bhArata meM rahI hai| jaina vAstukalA kA yaha pramukha aMga hai| mandira ke sAmane pUrva yA uttara dizA meM mandira kI U~cAI se savA yA Der3ha U~cAI ke banAye jAte haiN| inako sthApita karane kA mukhya prayojana yahI hai ki inake darzana se manuSya abhimAna se rahita ho jAe va unake mana meM dhArmika zraddhA utpanna ho| supratiSThA (svastika)- svastika se maMgala bhAvanA kA pratIka hai zubha kArya kA dyotaka hai| svapna jaina zAstroM meM zubha aura azubha svapnoM kA bahula mAtrA meM varNana milatA hai| 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI mAtAoM ko zubha svapna Aye evaM bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke putra cakravartI bharata tathA AcArya bhadrabAhu ke ziSya samrATa candragupta ko azubha svapna aaye| sarvaprathama bhagavAn AdinAtha kI mAtA dvArA dekhe gaye svapna inakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai gajendrabhavadAtAGgaM vRSabhaM dundubhisvnm| siMhamullaGkatAdrayyagraM lakSmI snApyAM surdvipaiH|| dAminI lambamAne khe zItAMzuM dyotitaambrm| prodyaltamabjinIbandhuM bandhuraM jhssyugmkm|| kalasAvamRtApUrNI saraH svacchAmbu saambujm| vArAziM kSubhitAvartaM saiMha bhaasurmaasnm|| vimAnamApatat svargAd bhuvo bhvnmudbhvt| ratnarAziM sphuradrazmi jvalanaM prjvldyutim|| AcArya jinasena, AdipurANa, 12/148.151 svaccha aura sapheda zarIra dhAraNa karanevAlA airAvata hAthI, dundubhi ke samAna zabda karatA huA baila, pahAr3a kI coTI ko ullaMghana karanevAlA siMha, devoM ke hAthiyoM dvArA nahalAyI gayI lakSmI, AkAza meM laTakatI huI do mAlAe~, AkAza ko prakAzamAna karatA huA candramA, udaya hotA huA sUrya, manohara machaliyoM kA yugala, jala se bhare hue do kalaza, svaccha jala aura kamaloM se sahita sarovara, kSubhita aura bha~vara se yukta samudra, dedIpyamAna siMhAsana, svarga se AtA huA vimAna, pRthivI se prakaTa hotA huA nAgendra kA bhavana, prakAzamAna kiraNoM se zobhita ratnoM kI rAzi aura jalatI huI dedIpyamAna agni| avadhijJAna ke dvArA jinhoMne svapnoM kA uttama phala jAna liyA hai, aisA rAjA nAbhirAya marudevI ke lie svapnoM kA phala kahane lge| 676 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #686
he devi, suna, hAthI ke dekhane se 200BALASH tere uttama putra hogA, uttama baila dekhane se vaha samasta loka meM jyeSTha hogaa| siMha ke dekhane se vaha ananta bala se yukta hogA, mAlAoM ke dekhane se samIcIna dharma ke tIrtha (AmnAya) kA calAnevAlA hogA, lakSmI ke dekhane se vaha sumeru parvata ke mastaka para devoM ke dvArA abhiSeka ko prApta hogaa| pUrNa candramA ke dekhane se samasta logoM ko Ananda denevAlA hogA, sUrya ke dekhane se dedIpyamAna prabhA kA dhAraka hogA, do kalaza dekhane se aneka nidhiyoM ko prApta hogA, machaliyoM kA yugala dekhane se sukhI hogaa| sarovara ke dekhane se aneka lakSaNoM se zobhita hogA, samudra ke dekhane se kevalI hogA, siMhAsana ke dekhane se jagat kA guru hokara sAmrAjya ko prApta kregaa| devoM kA vimAna dekhane se vaha svarga se avatIrNa hogA, nAgendra kA bhavana dekhane se avadhijJAna rUpI locanoM se sahita hogaa| camakate hue ratnoM kI rAzi dekhane se guNoM kI khAna hogA aura nirdhUma agni ke dekhane se karmarUpI indhana ko jalAnevAlA hogA tathA tumhAre mukha meM jo vRSabha ne praveza kiyA hai, usakA phala yaha hai ki tumhAre nirmala garbha meM bhagavAn vRSabhadeva apanA zarIra dhAraNa kreNge| aba, bharatacakravartI dvArA dekhe gaye svapnoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra haisiMho mRgendrapotazca turagaH kribhaarbhRt| chAgA vRkssltaagulmshusskptropbhoginH|| zAkhAmRgA dvipaskandhamArUDhAH kauzikAH khgaiH| vihitopadravA dhvAkSai prathamAzca prmodinH|| zuSkamadhyaM taDAgaM ca pryntprcurodkm| pAMzudhUsarito ratnarAziH shvaarthbhugrhitH|| tAruNyazAlI vRSabhaH zItAMzuH privessyuk| mitho'GgIkRtasAGgattyau puGgavau sngglcchiyau|| ravirAzAvadhUralavataMso'bdastirohitaH / saMzuSkastaruracchAyo jiirnnprnnsmuccyH|| SoDazaite'dya yAminyAM dRSTAH svapnA vidAM vr| phalavipratipattiM me tadgatAM tvmpaakuru|| AcArya jinasena, AdipurANa, 41/36.41 (1) siMha, (2) siMha kA baccA, (3) hAthI ke bhAra ko dhAraNa karanevAlA ghor3A, (4) vRkSa, latA aura jhAr3iyoM ke sUkhe patte khAne vAle bakare, (5) hAthI ke skandha para baiThe pratIka darzana :: 677 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #687
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hue vAnara, (6) kauA Adi pakSiyoM ke dvArA upadrava kie huye ulUka, ( 7 ) Ananda karate hue bhUta, (8) jisakA madhyabhAga sUkhA huA hai aura kinAroM para khUba pAnI bharA huA hai aisA tAlAba (9) dhUli se dhUsarita ratnoM kI rAzi, (10) jisakI pUjA kI jA rahI hai aisA naivedya ko khAnevAlA kuttA, (11) javAna baila, ( 12 ) maMDala se yukta candramA, (13) jo paraspara meM mila rahe haiM aura jinakI zobhA naSTa ho rahI hai aise do baila, (14) jo dizArUpI strIratnoM ke-se bane hue AbhUSaNa ke samAna hai tathA jo meghoM se AcchAdita ho rahA hai aisA sUrya, (15) chAyArahita sUkhA vRkSa aura (16) purAne pattoM kA samUha / he jJAniyoM meM zreSTha ! Aja maiMne rAtri ke samaya ye solaha svapna dekhe haiM / he nAtha, inake phala ke viSaya meM jo mujhe sandeha hai, use dUra kara diijie| aisA bharata cakravartI ne AdinAtha bhagavAn se kahA / AdinAtha bhagavAn apane divyajJAna se isa prakAra kahate haiM - tUne jo svapna meM isa pRthvI para akele vihAra kara parvata ke zikhara para car3he teIsa siMha dekhe haiM usakA spaSTa phala yahI samajha ki zrImahAvIra svAmI ko chor3akara zeSa teIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya meM duSTa nayoM kI utpatti nahIM hogI / tadanantara dUsare svapna meM akele siMha ke bacce ke pIche calate hue hariNoM kA samUha dekhane se yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki zrI mahAvIra svAmI ke tIrtha meM parigraha ko dhAraNa karanevAle bahuta-se kuliMgI ho jaaveNge| bar3e hAthI ke uThAne yogya bojha se jisakI pITha jhuka gayI hai, aise ghor3e ke dekhane se yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki paMcamakAla ke sAdhu tapazcaraNa ke samasta guNoM ko dhAraNa karane meM samartha nahIM ho skeNge| koI mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNoM ke pAlane karane kI pratijJA lekara unake pAlana karane meM AlasI ho jAyeMge, koI unheM mUla se hI bhaMga kara deMge aura koI unameM mandatA yA udAsInatA ko prApta ho jaayeNge| sUkhe patte khAnevAle bakaroM kA samUha dekhane se yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki AgAmI kAla meM manuSya sadAcAra ko chor3akara durAcArI ho jAyeMge / gajendra ke kandhe para car3he hue vAnaroM ke dekhane se jAna par3atA hai ki Age calakara prAcIna kSatriya vaMza naSTa ho jAe~ge aura nIca kula vAle pRthvI kA pAlana kreNge| kauvoM ke dvArA ulUka ko trAsa diyA jAnA dekhane se prakaTa hotA hai ki manuSya dharma kI icchA se jainamuniyoM ko chor3akara anya mata ke sAdhuoM ke samIpa jaayeNge| nAcate hue bahuta-se bhUtoM ke dekhane se mAlUma hotA hai ki prajA ke loga mithyAtva Adi kAraNoM se vyantaroM ko deva samajhakara unakI upAsanA karane lgeNge| jisakA madhyabhAga sUkhA huA hai, aise tAlAba ke cAroM ora pAnI bharA huA dekhane se prakaTa hotA hai ki dharma AryakhaNDa se haTakara prayatnavAsI- mleccha khaMDoM meM hI raha jAyegA / dhUli se malina hue ratnoM kI rAzi ke dekhane se yaha jAna par3atA hai ki paMcamakAla meM RddhidhArI uttama muni nahIM hoNge| Adara-satkAra se jisakI pUjA kI gayI hai, aise kutte ko naivedya khAte hue dekhane se mAlUma hotA hai ki vratarahita brAhmaNa guNI pAtroM ke samAna satkAra paaeNge| U~ce svara se zabda karate hue taruNa baila kA vihAra dekhane se sUcita hotA hai ki loga taruNa avasthA meM hI munipada meM Thahara sakeMge, anya avasthA meM nahIM / parimaNDala 678 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #688
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir se ghire hue candramA ke dekhane se yaha jAna par3atA hai ki paMcamakAla ke muniyoM meM avadhijJAna aura mana:paryaya jJAna nahIM hogaa| paraspara milakara jAte hue do bailoM ke dekhane se yaha sUcita hotA hai ki paMcamakAla meM munijana sAtha-sAtha raheMge, akele vihAra karane vAle nahIM hoMge meghoM ke AvaraNa se ruke hue sUrya ke dekhane se yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki paMcamakAla meM prAya: kevalajJAnarUpI sUrya kA udaya nahIM hogaa| sUkhA vRkSa dekhane se sUcita hotA hai ki strIpuruSoM kA caritra bhraSTa ho jAyegA aura jIrNa pattoM ke dekhane se mAlUma hotA hai ki mahAauSadhiyoM kA rasa naSTa ho jaaegaa| aisA phala denevAle ina svapnoM ko tU dUra - vipAkI arthAt bahuta samaya bAda phala denevAle samajha, isalie inase isa samaya koI doSa nahIM hogA, inakA phala paMcamakAla meM hogA / AdipurANa, 41/63.80 isI prakAra samrAT candragupta ke svapna bhI kucha milate-julate haiM ekadA'sau vizAMnAthaH prasuptaH sukhanidrayA / nizAyAH pazcime yAme vAtapittakaphAtigaH // imAn SoDaza duHsvapnAn dadarzA''zcaryakArakAn / kalpapAdapazAkhAyA bhaGgamastamanaM raveH // tRtIyaM titauprakSamudyanda vidhumaNDalam / turIyaM phaNinaM svapne phaNadvAdazamaNDitam // vimAnaM nAkinAM kamraM vyagghuTantaM vibhaasurm| kamalaM tu kacArastha nRtyantaM bhuutvRndkm|| khadyotodyotabhadrAkSItprAnte tucchajalaM saraH / madhye zuSkaM hemapAtre zunaH kSIrAnnabhakSaNam // jJAstrAmRyaM gajAruDhamabdhiM kuulprlopnm| bAhyamAnaM tathAvatsairbhUribhArabhRtaM ratham // rAjaputraM mayAruDhaM rajasA pihitaM punaH / rajarAzi kanatkAntiM yuddhaM cAsitadantinoH // AcArya zrI ratnanandI, zrI bhadrabAhucaritra, 10.17 kisI samaya mahArAja candragupta sukhanidrA meM vAta-pitta-kapha Adi rahita (nIroga avasthA meM) soe huye the, usa samaya rAtri ke pichale pahara meM Azcaryajanaka nIce likhe solaha khoTe svapna dekhe| ve ye haiM For Private And Personal Use Only (1) kalpavRkSa kI zAkhA kA TUTanA, (2) sUrya kA asta honA, (3) cAlIna ke samAna chidra sahita candramaNDala kA udaya, (4) bAraha phaNavAlA sarpa, (5) pIche lauTA huA devatAoM kA manohara vimAna, (6) apavitra sthAna para utpanna huA vikasita kamala, (7) nRtya karatA huA bhUtoM kA parikara, (8) khadyota kA prakAza, (9) anta meM thor3e se pratIka darzana :: 679

Page #689
jala kA bharA huA tathA bIca meM sukhA huA sarovara, (10) suvarNa ke bhAjana meM zvAna kA khIra khAnA, (11) hAthI para car3hA huA bandara, (12) samudra kI maryAdA chor3anA, (13) choTe-choTe baccoM se dhAraNa kiyA huA aura bahuta bhAra se yukta ratha, (14) U~Ta para car3hA huA tathA dhUli se AcchAdita rAjaputra, (15) dedIpyamAna kAntimukta ratnarAzi tathA (16) kAle hAthiyoM kA yuddh| ___ AcArya bhadrabAhu ne samrATa candragupta ko unake dvArA dekhe gaye svapnoM ke phaloM ko isa prakAra batAyA 1. kalpavRkSa kI zAkhA kA bhaMga dekhane se aba Age koI rAjA jina bhagavAna ke kahe huye saMyama kA grahaNa nahIM kreNge| 2. sUrya kA asta honA dekhanA-paMcama kAla meM kevalajJAniyoM kA abhAva batAtA hai| 3. candramaMDala kA bahuta chidrayukta dekhanA-paMcama kalikAla meM jinamata ke aneka matoM kA prAdurbhAva kahatA hai| ____4. bAraha phaNayukta sarparAja ke dekhane se bAraha varSa paryanta atyanta bhayaMkara durbhikSa pdd'egaa| 5. devatAoM ke vimAna ko ulTA jAtA huA dekhane se paMcamakAla meM devatA vidyAdhara tathA cAraNamuni nahIM aaeNge| 6. khoTe sthAna meM kamala utpanna huA jo dekhA hai, usase bahadhA hIna-jAti ke loga jinadharma dhAraNa kareMge, kintu kSatriya Adi uttama kula-sambhUta manuSya nahIM kreNge| 7. Azcaryajanaka jo bhUtoM kA nRtya dekhA hai, usase mAlUma hotA hai ki manuSya nIca devoM meM adhika zraddhA ke dhAraka hoNge| 8. khadyota kA udyota dekhane se jinasUtra ke upadeza karanevAle bhI manuSya mithyAtva se yukta hoMge aura jinadharma bhI kahIM-kahIM rhegaa| / 9. jala rahita tathA kahIM thor3e jala se bhare hue sarovara ke dekhane se jahA~ tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke kalyANAdi huye aise tIrthasthAnoM meM kAmadeva ke mada kA chedana karanevAlA uttama jinadharma nAza ko prApta hogA tathA kahIM dakSiNAdi deza meM kucha rahegA bhii| ___10. suvarNa ke bhAjana meM kutte ne khIra khAyI hai, usase mAlUma hotA hai ki lakSmI kA prAyaH nIca puruSa upabhoga kareMge aura kulIna puruSoM ko duSprApya hogii| ____ 11. U~ce hAthI para bandara baiThA huA dekhane se nIca kula meM paidA hone vAle loga rAjya kareMge, kSatriya loga rAjya rahita hoNge| 12. maryAdA kA ullaMghana kiye hue samudra ke dekhane se prajA kI samasta lakSmI rAjA loka grahaNa kareMge tathA nyAya-mArga ke ullaMghana karane vAle hoNge| 13. bachar3oM se naha kiye hue ratha ke dekhane se bahudhA loga tAruNya avasthA meM saMyama grahaNa kareMge, kintu zakti ke ghaTa jAne se vRddha avasthA meM dhAraNa nahIM kara skeNge| 680 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #690
14. U~Ta para car3he hue rAjaputra ke dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki- rAjA loga nirmala dharma ko chor3akara hiMsA mArga svIkAra kreNge| ___15. dhUli se AcchAdita ratnarAzi ke dekhane se nirgrantha muni bhI paraspara meM nindA karane lgeNge| 16. tathA kAle hAthiyoM kA yuddha dekhane se megha manobhilaSita nahIM brseNge| rAjana! isa prakAra svapnoM kA jaisA phala hai, maiMne tumase khaa| rAjA bhI svapnoM kA phala sunakara saMsAra se bhayabhIta hokara virakta-citta huaa| paMcavarNa varNasvarUpa- pA~ca varNo (raMga) kA zAstroM meM aneka sthAnoM meM varNana milatA hai| varNa zabda kA anekoM arthoM meM prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| yathA 'varNazabdaH kvacidrUpavAcI zuklavarNamAnaya shuklruupmiti| akSaravAcI kvacidyathA siddho varNasamAmnAyaH iti| kvacit brAhmaNAdau yathAtreva varNAnAmadhikAra iti|' AcArya zivakoTi, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 47/160/1 -varNa zabda ke aneka artha haiN| varNa-zuklAdika varNa jaise sapheda raMga ko laao| varNa zabda kA artha akSara aisA bhI hotA hai, jaise varNoM kA samudAya anAdikAla se hai| varNa zabda kA artha brAhmaNa Adika aisA bhI hai| jainAcAryoM ne 'varNa' zabda kI nirukti isa prakAra kI hai'varNyata iti varNaH' AcArya pUjyapAda, sarvArthasiddhi, 2/20/178/1 --jo dekhA jAtA hai, vaha varNa hai| varNa bheda __sa paMcavidhaH kRSNanIlapItazuklalohitabhedAt' AcArya pUjyapAda, sarvArthasiddhi, 5/23/294/2 kAlA, nIlA, pIlA, sapheda aura lAla ke bheda se varNa pA~ca prakAra kA hai| aura bhI'zvetapItanIlAruNakRSNasaMjJAH paMcavarNAH' AcArya brahmadeva sUri, bRhad dravyasaMgraha, 7, pRSTha 19 paMcavarNa kA mahattva jainadharma meM pA~ca varSoM kA atyadhika mahattva hai| pratyeka mAMgalika va dhArmika kAryoM meM pA~ca varSoM se nirmita vastu kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| saMkSepa rUpa se hama paMcavarNa kA mahattva isaprakAra samajha sakate haiM jaina paramparA meM paMcavarNAtmaka pratIka kA prayoga paMcaparameSThI, samavasaraNa, dhvaja, mayUrapicchI, syAdvAda, svargoM ke prAsAda Adi ke artha meM huA haiarhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu- ye pA~ca parameSThI hote haiM, inakA varNa pratIka darzana :: 681 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #691
kramaza: paMca raMga kA hotA hai| yathA "sphaTikazveta-raktaM ca pIta-zyAma-nibhaM tthaa| etatpaMcaparameSThI pNcvrnn-ythaakrmm||" mAnasAra, 55/44 sphaTika ke samAna zveta, lAla, pIta, zyAma (harA) aura nIlA (kAlA) -ye pA~ca varNa kramaza: paMcaparameSThI ke sUcaka haiN| ___ paMcavarNa meM samavasaraNa- jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI pravacana sabhA ko samavasaraNa kahate haiN| yahA~ para tIna gatiyoM (deva, manuSya va tiryaMca) ke bhavya jIvoM ko bhedabhAva rahita samAna zaraNa milatI hai| yaha bAraha sabhAoM meM vibhAjita tathA paMcavarNa kA hotA hai| yathA'paMcavaNNa-rayaNahiM samUhahiM suvicita sahamaMDavahiM' mahAkavi budha zrIdhara, pAsaNAhacariu, saMdhi 8/8/140 arthAt paMcavarNa ke ratna samUhoM se suvicitra sbhaamNddp| paMcavarNa meM jainazAsana dhvaja- yaha dhvaja AkAra meM AyatAkAra hai tathA isakI lambAI va caur3AI kA anupAta 3-2 hai| isa dhvaja meM pA~ca raMga haiM- lAla, pIlA, sapheda, harA aura nIlA (kaalaa)| lAla, pIle, hare, nIle raMga kI paTTiyA~ caur3AI meM samAna haiM tathA sapheda raMga kI paTTI anya raMgoM kI paTTI se caur3AI meM dugunI hotI hai| dhvaja ke bIca meM jo svastika hai, usakA raMga kesariyA hai| jaina samAja ke isa sarvamAnya dhvaja meM pA~ca raMgoM ko apanAyA gayA hai jo paMca-parameSThI ke pratIka haiN| dhvaja meM zveta raMga-arhanta parameSThI (ghAtiyA karma kA nAza karane para zuddha nirmalatA kA prtiik)| lAla raMga-siddha parameSThI (aghAtiyA karma kI nirjarA kA prtiik)| pIlA raMga-AcArya parameSThI (ziSyoM ke prati vAtsalya kA prtiik)| harA raMga-upAdhyAya parameSThI (premavizvAsa-AptatA kA prtiik)| nIlA raMga-sAdhu parameSThI (sAdhanA meM lIna hone kA aura mukti kI ora kadama bar3hAne kA prtiik)|-ye pA~ca raMga, paMca aNuvrata evaM paMca mahAvratoM ke pratIka rUpa meM bhI sapheda raMga ahiMsA, lAla raMga satya, pIlA raMga acaurya, harA raMga brahmacarya, nIlA raMga aparigraha kA dyotaka mAnA jAtA hai| dhvaja ke madhya meM svastika ko apanAyA gayA hai, jo caturgati kA pratIka hai| 'paMcavaNNA pavittA vicittA dhayA' puSpadanta mahAkavi, mahApurANa, 24-12-2, pRSTha 122 paMcaraMgI pavitra vicitra dhvaja hai| 'vijayApaMcavarNAbhA paMcavarNamidaM dhvajam' pratiSThAtilaka, 5-10 evaM AzAdharasUri, pratiSThAsAroddhAra, 3-209 682 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #692
pA~ca varNoM kI AbhA se yukta vijayA devI pA~ca varNoM se yukta dhvajA ko hAtha meM dhAraNa karatI hai| 'maalaahrikmlaaNbrgruddebhgveshckraashikhihsaiH| upalakSitadhvajAni nyasAmi dazadikSu paMcavarNAni // ' nemicandradeva, pratiSThAtilaka, dhvaja-pUjana-vidhi, 1, pRSTha 118 mAlAhari yaha zloka bola kara dasa dhvajAoM kI dasa dizAoM meM sthApanA kreN| dasa dhvajAoM para krama se isa prakAra cihna hote haiM- mAlA, siMha, kamala, vastra, garur3a, hAthI, baila, cakavA, mora, hNs| ye dhvajAe~ paMcavarNa vAlI hotI haiN| - paMcavarNa meM digambara muni kI mayUrapicchi- digambara jaina muni ke karakamala meM sadA mayUrapicchI hotI hai| ve isake binA kahIM A-jA nahIM sakate haiN| yaha mayUrapaMkha pA~ca guNoM se sampanna evaM pA~ca varNa vAlA hotA hai| yathA 'rajasedANamagahaNaM saddavasukumAladA laghuttaM c| jatthede paMcaguNA taM paDilehaNaM psNsNti||' mUlArAdhanA, 98 isa prakAra picchi paMcaguNa vibhUSita hai| mUlArAdhanA meM picchi ke anya pA~ca guNa batAte hue kahA hai ki raja aura sveda kA agrahaNa, mRdutA, sukumAratA aura laghutva (halkApana) jisa picchi meM ye paMcaguNa vidyamAna hoM, usa pratilekhana-upakaraNa kI prazaMsanIyatA asandigdha hai| 'chatrArthaM cAmarArthaM ca rakSArthaM srvdehinaam| yantramantraprasiddhyarthaM paMcaite picchilkssnnm||' mantralakSaNazAstra mantralakSaNa zAstra kahatA hai ki picchi AvazyakatA hone para chatra bhI hai aura cAmara bhI, yantra aura mantra kI prasiddhi (siddhi) ke lie bhI isakA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai aura sampUrNa prANiyoM kI rakSA ke lie to hai hii| 'mayUrapicchaM mRdupNcvrnn| mithyAtvanAzaM mdsiNhraajm||' paMcavarNa kI dhvajA evaM sAhU naTTala- 11vIM zatAbdI meM rAjA anaMgapAla ke pradhAnamantrI sAhU naTTala ne tIrthaMkara vRSabhadeva kA mandira banavAyA thA aura usameM paMcavarNa kI dhvajA pratIka darzana :: 683 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #693
phaharAyI thii| yathA'kArAvivi NAheyaho Nikeu, paviiNNu paMcavaNaM sukeu' vibudha zrIdharakRta, pAsaNAhacariu, 1/9/11 "yenArAdhya vizuddha-dhIramatinA devAdhidevaM jinm| satpuNyaM samupArjitaM nijaguNaiH saMtoSitA baandhvaaH|| jainaM caityamakAri sundarataraM jainI pratiSThAM tthaa| sa zrImAnviditaH sadaiva vijayAtpRthvItale ntttthlaa||" jainagrantha-prazasti-saMgraha, bhAga 2, pRSTha 85 zrI anaMgapAla rAjA ke pradhAnamantrI zrI naTThala sAhU ne tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva (AdinAtha) kA eka zikharabaddha mandira banavAyA aura mUrti kI paMcakalyANaka-pratiSThA karAkara usa mandira meM virAjamAna krvaayii| (isa mandira para paMcavarNI mahAdhvajA phaharA rahI thii)| mandira meM praveza kara una sAhU naTThala ne mana se tIrthaMkara-pratimA ko bhaktipUrvaka praNAma kiyaa| ve sAhU naTThala sadaiva vijayI hoN| ____ paMcavarNI dhvajagIta- jaba bhI kabhI dhArmika va mAMgalika kAryakrama hote haiM, to usameM sarvaprathama paMcaraMgI dhvajA ko phaharAyA jAtA hai| tatpazcAt dhvaja gIta gAyA jAtA hai| paMcavarNa kA phala varNa svasthatA va prasannatA ke bhI pratIka hote haiN| jisa prakAra vartamAna meM raMgoM ke dvArA bImArI dUra kI jA rahI hai, usIprakAra jainagranthoM meM likhA hai ki yadi pA~ca varSoM kA dhyAna kiyA jAe to usase aneka prakAra lAbha prApta kie jA sakate haiN| paMcavarNa kA phala isaprakAra hai "zAntau zvetaM jaye zyAma, bhadre raktamabhaye hrit| pItaM dhanAdisaMlAbhe, paMcavarNa tu siddhye||" umAsvAmi-zrAvakAcAra, 138, pRSTha 55 1. zvetavarNa zAnti kA pratIka hai| 2. zyAmavarNa vijaya kA sUcaka hai| 3. raktavarNa kalyANa kA kAraka hai| 4. haritavarNa abhaya ko darzAtA hai| 5. pItavarNa dhanAdi ke lAbha kA darzaka hai| isaprakAra pA~coM varNa siddhi ke kAraNa haiN| saMkSepa meM, pratIka paramparA vicAra kareM to yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki jaina-jIvana pratIkoM se/pratIkAtmakatA se bharA hai| pratIkAtmakatA jIvantatA kA AdhAra hai aura yaha pratIkAtmakatA jainoM ke AdikAla se lekara vartamAna taka vikasita hotI AyI hai| jainoM ne apanI pratIkAtmakatA kA prayoga tantra, mantra, pUjA paddhati, yantra, kalAoM evaM dhyAna Adi 684 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #694
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sabhI prasaMgoM meM kiyA hai| lezyAoM kI carcA bhI pratIkAtmakatA kI ora saMketa karatI hai / yaha jaina pratIkAtmakatA jahA~ sahaja hI vastu tattva kI ora le jAtI hai, vahIM bhedakatA ko dikhAne meM bhI sApha saMketa karatI hai| jainoM kI pratIkAtmakatA jahA~ bhAratIya pratIka paramparA ko samRddha karatI hai vahIM apanI alaga pahacAna banAye hue bhI hai| For Private And Personal Use Only pratIka darzana :: 685

Page #695
nA mUrtikalA (kalAtmaka evaM sAmAjika sandarbha aura vaiziSTya) pro. mArutinandana prasAda tivArI bhAratIya kalA tattvataH dharma ke mAdhyama se jIvana kI mUrta abhivyakti hai| kalA ke vibhinna mAdhyamoM meM anekazaH dhArmika AsthA aura usake pratIka ArAdhya devoM ko mUrta abhivyakti pradAna kI gyii| kAla evaM kSetra ke sandarbha meM sambandhita dharma yA sampradAya aura jIvana zailI meM hone vAle vaicArika tathA sAmAjika parivartanoM evaM vikAsa se zilpa kI viSayavastu meM bhI parivartana hue| vastutaH vibhinna dharmoM evaM samakAlIna jIvana se sambandhita kalA hI apane samaSTirUpa meM bhAratIya kalA hai| zailI kI dRSTi se kisI kAla vizeSa kI kalA meM bhinnatA nahIM hotI, unakI svarUpagata bhinnatA unake dhArmika kalevara aura viSayavastu yAnI devamUrtiyoM ke lakSaNoM ke sandarbha meM hI dekhI jA sakatI hai| zilpI yA rUpakAra kevala kalA-dharmI hI hotA thaa| jainadharma zramaNa-paramparA kA eka pradhAna dharma rahA hai| yadyapi jainadharma para vidvAnoM ne vistAra se kArya kiyA hai, tathApi jainadharma ke siddhAntoM kI pratyakSa saMvAhinI jainakalA para yatheSTa kArya nahIM huA hai| sthApatya, mUrti tathA citra tInoM hI vidhAoM meM jainakalA dharma evaM darzana ke vaiziSTya ko samAhita kara maurya kAla se nirantaratA meM vikasita huii| sAtha hI jainakalA meM bhAratIya saMskRti evaM kalA kA samaSTirUpa bhI abhivyakta huA hai, jisameM udAratA aura parasparatA donoM ke udAharaNa dekhe jA sakate haiN| vItarAgI tIrthaMkaroM (jinoM), bAhubalI evaM bharata muni kI mUrtiyoM meM jainadharma ke tyAga aura sAdhanA kI pratyakSa abhivyakti huI hai, jise jana-jana taka sampreSita karanA hI dharma aura kalA kA mUla uddezya rahA hai| prastuta lekha meM hama jaina mUrtiyoM kI prArambha se lekara 14vIM-15vIM zatI I. ke madhya kI vikAsayAtrA aura sAtha hI jaina mUrtikalA ke nijI evaM akhila bhAratIya vaiziSTya kI vivecanA karane kA prayAsa kreNge| bhAratIya itihAsa ke adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki jaina paramparA meM kucha hI zAsakoM, sAmantoM evaM senApatiyoM ne jainadharma ko prazraya diyA thaa| inameM maurya (candragupta maurya aura samprati, cauthI-tIsarI zatI I.pU.), cedi (khAravela, pahalI zatI I.pU.), gupta (rAmagupta, 686 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #696
cauthI zatI I. kA uttarArdha), pratihAra (nAgabhaTTa dvitIya, nauvIM zatI I.), caulukya (kumArapAla, vimala, pRthvIpAla, tejapAla, 12vIM-13vIM zatI I.), hoyasala (viSNuvardhana kI rAnI zAntalA, 12vIM zatI I.), gaMga (rAcamalla ke sAmanta evaM senApati cAmuNDarAya, 10vIM zatI I.) tathA rASTrakUTa (amoghavarSa, nauvIM zatI I.) zAsaka aura unake zAsanAdhikArI mukhya haiN| vastuta: samakAlIna dhArmika paramparAoM ke sAtha parasparapUrNa udAra sambandhoM ke kAraNa bhArata ke prAyaH sabhI kSetroM ke zAsakoM (pAla zAsakoM ke atirikta) ne jaina dharma ke prati Adara kA bhAva rakhA aura jainakalA ke vikAsa ke lie zAsakIya samarthana ke sAtha hI zreSThI evaM samAja ke samRddhajanoM dvArA jaina kalA ko diye jAne vAle saMrakSaNa ko bhI protsAhita kiyaa| khajurAho ke pArzvanAtha (mUlataH AdinAtha) mandira (954 I.) ke nirmANakartA vyApArI pAhila kA candela zAsaka dhaMga dvArA sammAna kiyA jAnA,-aisA hI eka viziSTa udAharaNa hai| aneka kalAkendroM para vaidika-paurANika (brAhmaNa) evaM jainadharma se sambandhita mandiroM tathA mUrtiyoM kA sAtha-sAtha nirmANa evaM vikAsa tathA unheM prApta bahuvidha saMrakSaNa bhArata kI samanvaya-sadbhAva kI saMskRti kI rASTrIya cetanA aura mUrtikalA :: 687 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #697
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vaiziSTya ke sAkSI haiN| osiyAM, khajurAho, mathurA, devagar3ha, elorA, bAdAmI, ayahola aise hI kucha purAsthala haiN| tulanAtmaka dRSTi se apekSAkRta kama zAsakIya samarthana ke bAvajUda vyApAriyoM, vyavasAyiyoM evaM vyApaka loka samarthana ke kAraNa jainadharma evaM kalA ne abhUtapUrva unnati kii| yahI kAraNa thA ki binA vizeSa rAjakIya samarthana ke kaI svatantra evaM lambI kAlAvadhi vAle jaina kalAkendra bhI vikasita hue, jinameM mathurA (u. pra. 150 I. pU. se 1032 I.), devagar3ha (lalitapura, u.pra., chaThI se 16vIM zatI I.) khaNDagiri guhA (uDIsA, 11vIM-12vIM zatI I.) delavADA (mAuNTa AbU, rAjasthAna 1035 se 13vIM zatI I.) tathA kumbhAriyA (banAsakAMThA, gujarAta, 11vIM- 13vIM zatI I.) kucha mukhya jainapurAsthala haiN| jainadharma aura kalA ko jainetara zAsakoM evaM lokasamarthana milane ke cAra kAraNa the : prathama - bhAratIya zAsakoM kI dharmasahiSNunIti; dvitIya - jainadharma kA anya dharmoM ke prati Adara aura samanvaya kA bhAva; tRtIya - jainadharma kI vyApAriyoM- vyavasAyiyoM evaM sAmAnya janoM ke madhya vizeSa lokapriyatA; caturtha - nArI jagata kA vizeSa samarthana evaM sahayoga | jainadharma evaM kalA ke vikAsa meM mahilAoM kA yogadAna agraNI rahA hai, jisake prArambhika abhilekhIya pramANa kuSANakAla se hI milane lagate haiM / mathurA ke kuSANakAlIna jaina mUrtilekhoM meM zreSThin, sArthavAha, gandhika, suvarNakAra, vardhakin (bar3haI), lauhakarmaka, prAtArika (nAvika), vezyA, nartakI evaM videzI mUla kI mahilAoM ke pracura ullekha haiN|' osiyAM, khajurAho, jAlora evaM anya aneka madhyayugIna jaina purA - sthaloM ke mUrtilekhoM se uparyukta cAra bAtoM kI puSTi hotI hai / jainadharma meM mUrti-nirmANa evaM pUjana kI prAcInatA para vicAra karanA bhI yahA~ prAsaMgika hai / bhArata kI prAcInatama sabhyatA saindhava sabhyatA hai, jisakA kAla lagabhaga 2300 I.pU. se 1750 I.pU. hai / saindhava sabhyatA ke prArambhika avazeSa mukhyataH har3appA aura mohanajodar3o se prApta hue haiN| mohanajodar3o se hameM pA~ca aisI muhareM milI haiM, jina para kAyotsarga - mudrA jaisI mudrA meM donoM hAtha nIce laTakAkara khar3I puruSa AkRtiyA~ banI haiN| har3appA se eka nagna puruSa AkRti (kabandha) bhI milI hai| ye sindhu sabhyatA se prApta aise udAharaNa haiM, jinameM AkRtiyoM kI nagnatA aura unakI mudrA (kAyotsarga jaisI) paravartI jina mUrtiyoM kA smaraNa karAte haiM, kintu saindhava sabhyatA kI lipi ko pUrI taraha par3he jAne taka isa sambandha meM nizcayapUrvaka kucha bhI kahanA samIcIna nahIM hogA / prAmANika taura para prAcInatama jJAta tIrthaMkara (yA jina) mUrti mauryakAla kI hai| yaha mUrti paTanA ke samIpa lohAnIpura (citra saM. 1) se milI hai aura samprati paTanA saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai| mUrti kA digambaratva aura kAyotsarga - mudrA isake jinamUrti hone ke nizcayAtmaka pramANa haiN| jJAtavya hai ki kAyotsarga-mudrA kevala jinoM ke nirUpaNa meM hI vyakta huI hai / isa mUrti ke sira, bhujA aura jAnu kA bhAga khaNDita hai| mUrti para mauryayugIna 688 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #698
camakadAra Alepa kAla-nirdhAraNa meM sahAyaka hai| lohAnIpura se zuMgakAla yA kucha bAda kI eka anya jinamUrti bhI milI hai, jisameM nIce laTakatI donoM bhujAe~ bhI surakSita haiN| jaina paramparA ke anusAra jainadharma ko lagabhaga sabhI samartha maurya zAsakoM kA samarthana prApta thaa| candragupta maurya kA jaina dharmAnuyAyI honA tathA jIvana ke antima varSoM meM bhadrabAhu ke sAtha dakSiNa bhArata jAnA suvidita hai| azoka ne bhI nirgranthoM evaM AjIvikoM ko dAna diye the| samprati ko bhI jainadharma kA anuyAyI kahA gayA hai|' udayagiri (purI, ur3IsA) sthita hAthIgumphA ke pahalI zatI I. pUrva ke khAravela ke lekha meM bhI kaliMga jina (-pratimA) kA ullekha AyA hai| lekha meM ullekha hai ki kaliMga kI jisa jina(-pratimA) ko nandarAja tivasasata varSa pUrva kaliMga se magadha le gayA thA, use khAravela punaH vApasa le aayaa| 'tivasasata' zabda kA artha adhikAMza vidvAna 300 varSa mAnate haiN| ataH khAravela ke lekha ke AdhAra para bhI jinamUrti kI prAcInatA cauthI zatI I.pU. taka AtI hai| isa prakAra uparyukta pramANa mauryakAla meM nizcita rUpa se jainadharma meM mUrti nirmANa evaM pUjana kI vidyamAnatA kI sUcanA dete haiN| lohAnIpura kI jinamUrti ko bhAratIya paramparA meM ArAdhya devoM kI prAcInatama mUrti hone kA bhI gaurava prApta hai| ____ mauryakAla meM jinamUrti-nirmANa kI jo paramparA prArambha huI, usakA Age kI zatAbdiyoM meM pallavana aura puSpana huaa| lagabhaga pahalI zatI I. pUrva kI kAyotsarga-mudrA meM khar3I pArzvanAtha kI do nirvastra kAMsya mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| prathama udAharaNa (nizcita prApti sthala jJAta nahIM hai) chatrapati zivAjI saMgrahAlaya, mumbaI meM haiN| causA (bhojapura, bihAra) se prApta dUsarA udAharaNa paTanA saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai|" ina mUrtiyoM meM pArzvanAtha ke sira para sarpaphaNoM (pA~ca yA sAta) ke chatra haiN| mathurA se lagabhaga dUsarI pahalI zatI I.pU. se jaina AyAgapaToM (pUjA zilApaTTa) ke udAharaNa mile haiN| AyAgapaTa usa saMkramaNa kAla kI zilpa-sAmagrI hai, jaba upAsyadevoM kA pUjana pratIka aura mAna va rUpa meM sAtha mUrtikalA :: 689 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #699
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sAtha ho rahA thaa|+- ina AyAgapaToM para jaina pratIkoM ke sAtha hI mAnava rUpa meM jina mUrti bhI utkIrNa hai| dUsarI - pahalI zatI I.pU. ke eka AyAgapaTa (rAjya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU, kramAMka je. 253) para madhya meM sAta sarpaphaNoM ke chatra se yukta pArzvanAtha kI dhyAnastha mUrti utkIrNa hai| dhyAnamudrA meM tIrthaMkara kI yaha prAcInatama jJAta mUrti hai| mathurA se la. 150 I.pU. se 11vIM zatI I. ke madhya kI prabhUta jaina mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| ye mUrtiyA~ Arambha se madhya yuga (11vIM zatI I.) taka kI jaina pratimAoM kI vikAsa zrRMkhalA ko pradarzita karatI haiM / zuMga-kuSANa kAla meM mathurA meM sarvaprathama jinoM ke vakSaHsthala para zrIvatsa cihna kA utkIrNana aura jinoM kA dhyAna - mudrA meM nirUpaNa prArambha huaa| jJAtavya hai ki jina - mUrtiyA~ sarvadA kAyotsarga aura dhyAna-mudrAoM meM hI nirUpita huiiN| mathurA meM kuSANa-kAla meM RSabhanAtha, sambhavanAtha, munisuvrata, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha evaM mahAvIra kI svatantra mUrtiyA~, RSabhanAtha aura mahAvIra ke jIvana-dRzya, AyAgapaTa, jina caumukhI tathA sarasvatI evaM naigameSI kI mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa huI / rAjya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU (kramAMka je. 616) meM surakSita eka paTTa para mahAvIra ke garbhApaharaNa kA dRzya hai / 14 rAjya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU (kramAMka je. 354) ke hI eka anya paTTa para indra sabhA kI nartakI nIlAMjanA ko RSabhanAtha kI sabhA meM nRtya karate hue dikhAyA gayA hai / jJAtavya hai ki nIlAMjanA ke nRtya ke kAraNa hI RSabhanAtha ko vairAgyabhAva utpanna huA thaa| 15 guptakAla meM jaina purAsthaloM kA vistAra huA aura mathurA evaM causA ke atirikta rAjagIra, vidizA, nacanA, durjanapura, vArANasI, kahauma, udayagiri evaM akoTA se bhI jaina mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| isa kAla meM kevala jinoM kI svatantra evaM jina caumukhI mUrtiyA~ hI bniiN| inameM RSabhanAtha, ajitanAtha, candraprabha, puSpadanta, " neminAtha, pArzvanAtha (citra saM. 4) evaM mahAvIra (citra saM. 5) kA nirUpaNa huA hai / zvetAmbara jina mUrtiyoM (akoTA) ke spaSTa pramANa bhI guptakAla se hI milate haiN| jina mUrtiyoM meM yakSa-yakSI kA rUpAyana bhI guptakAla meM prArambha huA, jisake udAharaNa rAjagIra (pA~cavIM zatI I.) akoTA evaM vArANasI (chaThI zatI I.) se mile haiN| 1 10vIM se 12vIM zatI I. ke madhya jaina pratimA - lakSaNa - viSayaka grantha evaM zilpasAmagrI vipulatA aura vividhatA meM upalabdha hai / sarvAdhika jaina mandira aura phalataH una para prabhUta saMkhyA meM mUrtiyA~ bhI isI kAla meM bniiN| gujarAta aura rAjasthAna meM zvetAmbara evaM anya kSetroM meM digambara sampradAya ke mandiroM evaM mUrtiyoM kI pradhAnatA rahI hai| gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke zvetAmbara jaina mandiroM meM 24 devakulikAoM ko saMyukta kara unameM 24 jinoM kI mUrtiyA~ sthApita karane kI paramparA lokapriya huI / zvetAmbara sthaloM kI tulanA meM digambara sthaloM para jinoM kI adhika mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa huIM, jinameM svatantra tathA dvitIrthI, tritIrthI evaM caumukhI (citra saM. 6) mUrtiyA~ haiM / 690 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #700
PN digambara sthaloM para jinamUrtiyoM meM navagraha, bAhubalI evaM pAramparika yakSa-yakSI ke atirikta cakrezvarI, ambikA yakSiyoM evaM lakSmI-jaisI deviyoM ko bhI jina mUrtiparikara meM nirUpita kiyA gyaa| zvetAmbara sthaloM para jinamUrtiyoM meM lAMchanoM ke sthAna para pIThikA lekhoM meM unake nAmollekha kI paramparA lokapriya thii| jinoM ke jIvanadRzyoM evaM samavasaraNoM ke udAharaNa bhI mukhyataH zvetAmbara sthaloM para hI sulabha haiN| 11vIM se 13vIM zatI I. ke madhya ke ye udAharaNa osiyAM, kumbhAriyA, mAuNTa AbU (vimala basahI, lUNa basahI) evaM jAlora se mile haiM / / __zvetAmbara sthaloM para jinoM ke bAda 16 mahAvidyAoM aura digambara sthaloM para yakSayakSiyoM kA rUpAyana hI sarvAdhika lokapriya thaa| 16 mahAvidyAoM meM rohiNI, vajrAMkuzI, vajrazrRMkhalA, apraticakrA, acchuptA evaM vairoTyA kI hI sarvAdhika mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| zAntidevI, brahmazAnti yakSa, jIvantasvAmI mahAvIra, gaNeza evaM 24 jinoM ke mAtA-pitA ke sAmUhika aMkana bhI zvetAmbara sthaloM para hI lokapriya the| sarasvatI, balarAma, kRSNa, aSTadikpAla, navagraha evaM kSetrapAla Adi kI mUrtiyA~ zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparA ke jaina purAsthaloM para samAna rUpa se utkIrNa huiiN| jaina yugaloM (tIrthaMkaroM ke mAtA-pitA), rAma-sItA evaM rohiNI, manovegA, gaurI, gAMdhArI yakSiyoM aura garur3a yakSa kI mUrtiyA~ kevala digambara-purAsthaloM para hI milI haiN| digambara sthaloM para paramparA meM avarNita prakAra kI bhI kucha mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| dvitIrthI aura tritIrthI jina mUrtiyoM kA aMkana aura devagar3ha se prApta do udAharaNoM meM tritIrthI mUrtikalA :: 691 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #701
mUrtiyoM meM jinoM ke sAtha samAna AkAra vAlI sarasvatI aura bAhubalI AkRtiyoM kA aMkana, bAhubalI aura ambikA kI do mUrtiyoM (devagar3ha, khajurAho) meM yakSa-yakSI kA nirUpaNa tathA RSabhanAtha (citra saM. 2) kI kucha mUrtiyoM (devagar3ha, khajurAho) meM pAramparika yakSa-yakSI, gomukha-cakrezvarI ke sAtha hI ambikA, lakSmI, sarasvatI kA aMkana isa koTi ke kucha pramukha udAharaNa haiN| __zvetAmbara aura digambara sthaloM kI zilpa-sAmagrI ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki puruSa devoM kI tulanA meM deviyoM kI AkRtiyA~ bahuta adhika saMkhyA meM ukerI gyiiN| jainakalA meM deviyoM kI vizeSa lokapriyatA tAntrika prabhAva kA pariNAma ho sakatI hai| deviyoM (yakSI evaM mahAvidyA) kI prabhUta saMkhyA meM ukerI svatantra mUrtiyA~ jaina paramparA meM zaktipUjana kI vizeSa lokapriyatA kA bhI saMketa detI haiN| tAntrika prabhAva ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se katipaya sandarbho kI ora dhyAna AkRSTa karanA bhI yahA~ upayukta hogaa| khajurAho ke pArzvanAtha mandira (950-70 I.) kI bhitti para cAroM tarapha zaktiyoM ke sAtha AliMgana-mudrA meM brAhmaNa devoM kI mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa haiN| inameM ziva, viSNu, brahmA, agni, kubera, rAma, balarAma aura kAmadeva kI zaktisahita AliMgana mUrtiyA~ haiM, jo spaSTataH khajurAho ke vaidika-paurANika paramparA ke mandiroM kA prabhAva hai| isI mandira ke uttarI aura dakSiNI zikhara evaM garbhagRha ke zikhara para kAma-kriyA meM rata tIna yugala bhI AmUrtita haiN| kAma zilpa aura Apattijanaka sthiti meM jaina sAdhuoM ke kucha aMkana devagar3ha evaM khajurAho ke jaina mandiroM ke praveza-dvAroM para bhI draSTavya haiN| chattIsagar3ha ke AraMga sthita jaina mandira (bhANDa deula, 11vIM zatI I.) para bhI kAma-zilpa viSayaka kaI mUrtiyA~ haiN| uparyukta digambara sthaloM ke atirikta nADalAI (pAlI, rAjasthAna) ke zAntinAtha mandira (zvetAmbara) ke adhiSThAna para bhI kAma-kriyA meM rata kaI yugaloM kA aMkana huA hai| yadyapi jaina mandiroM para devatAoM kI zakti sahita AliMgana mUrtiyA~ evaM kAma-zilpa para utkIrNana paramparA-sammata nahIM hai, tathApi jaina dharma meM samaya ke anurUpa kucha Avazyaka parivartana bhI hote rahe haiN| madhya yuga tAntrika prabhAva kA yuga thaa| phalataH jainadharma meM bhI usa prabhAva ko kiMcit niyantraNa ke sAtha svIkAra kiyA gayA, jise kalA meM bhI uparyukta sthaloM para abhivyakti milI, para isa prabhAva ko uddAma nahIM hone diyA, jaisAki khajurAho, moDherA aura ur3IsA ke vaidika-paurANika paramparA ke mandiroM para kAma-zilpa ke uddAma aMkanoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| jaina grantha harivaMzapurANa (jinasena kRta, 783 I.) meM eka sthala para ullekha hai ki zreSThi kAmadatta ne eka jina mandira kA nirmANa karavAyA aura sampUrNa prajA ke kautuka ke lie isa mandira meM kAmadeva aura rati kI bhI mUrti bnvaayii| grantha meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki jina mandira kAmadeva ke mandira ke nAma se prasiddha thA aura kautukavaza Aye logoM 692 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #702
ko jinadharma kI prApti kA kAraNa bhI thaa|" jina mUrtiyoM ke pUjana ke sAtha grantha meM rati aura kAmadeva kI mUrtiyoM ke pUjana kA bhI ullekha hai| jaina harivaMzapurANa kA ullekha spaSTataH kAmazilpa ke sAmAjika aura manovaijJAnika abhISTa ko prakaTa karatA hai, jo jainakalA kA vaiziSTya bhI rahA hai| isI pRSThabhUmi meM madhyapradeza meM khajurAho ke pArzvanAtha mandira (la. 950-70 I.) evaM karnATaka meM jinanAthapura (hasana) sthita zAntinAtha mandira (12vIM zatI I.) para paMcapuSpazara evaM ikSudhanu se yukta kAmadeva kI svatantra evaM zaktisahita mUrtiyA~ bAhya bhitti para ukerI gyiiN| AThavIM se 12vIM-13vIM zatI I. ke madhya ke jaina granthoM (pAdaliptasUri kRta nirvANakalikA-la. 900 I. hemacandra kRta triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritra-12vIM zatI I. kA uttarArdha evaM jinasena aura guNabhadra kRta mahApurANa (AdipurANa evaM uttarapurANa), AThavIM-nauvIM zatI I., vasunandI kRta pratiSThA-sAra-saMgraha-12vIM zatI I., AzAdhara kRta pratiSThAsAroddhAra-13vIM zatI I. kA pUrvArdha jaise zvetAmbara evaM digambara grantha) meM jaina devakula aura jinoM tathA anya devoM ke svatantra lakSaNoM kA ullekha huA hai| pUrNa vikasita jaina-deva-kula meM 24 jinoM evaM anya 39 zalAkApuruSoM ke atirikta, 24 yakSa-yakSI, 16 mahAvidyAe~, aSTa-dikpAla, navagraha, kSetrapAla, gaNeza, zrI lakSmI evaM sarasvatI, brahmazAnti yakSa, kapardi yakSa, bAhubalI, 64 yoginI, zAntidevI, jinoM ke mAtA-pitA evaM paMcaparameSThI sammilita haiN| zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA ke granthoM meM jaina-deva-kula kA vikAsa bAhya dRSTi se samarUpa rahA hai| kevala devatAoM ke nAmoM evaM kabhI-kabhI unakI lAkSaNika vizeSatAoM ke sandarbha meM hI donoM paramparAoM meM bhinnatA dRSTigata hotI hai| mahAvIra ke garbhApaharaNa, jIvantasvAmI mahAvIra kI mUrti- paramparA evaM mallinAtha ke nArI tIrthaMkara hone ke ullekha kevala zvetAmbara granthoM meM hI varNita haiM, isI kAraNa unake mUrta udAharaNa bhI kevala zvetAmbara sthaloM para hI upalabdha haiN| ___mUrti-lakSaNa kI dRSTi se lagabhaga nauvIM-10vIM zatI I. taka jina mUrtiyA~ pUrNata: vikasita rUpa se ukerI jAne lgiiN| pUrNa vikasita jina mUrtiyoM meM lAMchanoM, yakSa-yakSI evaM aSTaprAtihAryoM ke sAtha hI laghvAkAra jina mUrtiyoM, navagrahoM, sarasvatI, lakSmI, gajAkRtiyoM, dharmacakra, vidyAoM ko bhI darzAyA gayA hai| siMhAsana ke madhya meM padma se yukta zAntidevI, gajoM tathA mRgoM evaM kalazadhArI gomukha tathA vINA aura veNuvAdana karatI AkRtiyoM kA aMkana kevala pazcima bhArata ke zvetAmbara-sthaloM para hI lokapriya thaa| zvetAmbara grantha vAstuvidyA (vizvakarmA kRta, 12vIM zatI I. kA prArambha) ke 'jinaparikaralakSaNa' (22.10-12, 33-39) meM ina vizeSatAoM kA spaSTa ullekha huA hai| 11vIM se 13vIM zatI I. ke madhya zvetAmbara sthaloM para RSabhanAtha, zAntinAtha, munisuvrata, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha tathA mahAvIra ke jIvanadRzyoM kA bhI mandiroM kI dIvAroM aura ca~dovA para vizada aMkana huA, jisake udAharaNa, osiyAM kI devakulikAoM, mUrtikalA :: 693 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #703
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kumbhAriyA ke zAntinAtha evaM mahAvIra mandiroM, jAlora ke pArzvanAtha mandira aura mAuNTa AbU vimala sahI aura lUNa vasahI meM draSTavya haiN| inameM jinoM ke paMcakalyANakoM (garbha, janma, dIkSA, kaivalya, nirvANa-zayana ke sthAna para dhyAnastharUpa meM) evaM kucha anya mahattvapUrNa ghaTanAoM ko darzAyA gayA hai, jinameM bharata aura bAhubalI ke yuddha, zAntinAtha ke pUrvajanma meM kapota kI prANarakSA kI kathA, neminAtha ke vivAha aura vairAgya, munisuvrata ke jIvana kI azvAvabodha aura zakunikA vihAra kI kathAe~ tathA pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra ke pUrvajanma kI kathAe~ aura tapasyA ke samaya upasthita upasargoM ke dRzyAMkana mukhya haiN| digambara- sthaloM para madhyayuga meM neminAtha ke sAtha devagar3ha (citra saM. 3) aura mathurA ke udAharaNoM meM unake cacere bhAI balarAma aura vAsudeva kRSNa, pArzvanAtha ke sAtha sarpaphaNoM ke chatra vAle cAmaradhArI dharaNendra yakSa evaM chatradhAriNI padmAvatI yakSI tathA jina mUrtiyoM ke parikara meM bAhubalI, kSetrapAla, sarasvatI, lakSmI Adi ke aMkana vizeSataH ullekhanIya aura kSetrIya vaiziSTya ke rUpa meM draSTavya haiN| lagabhaga 10vIM zatI I. meM jina mUrtiyoM ke parikara meM 23 yA 24 choTI jinamUrtiyoM kA aMkana bhI prArambha huA / baMgAla kI jina mUrtiyoM meM parikara kI jina-AkRtiyA~ adhikAMzataH lAMchana se bhI yukta haiN| jina caumukhI yA sarvatobhadrikA jina mUrtiyoM kA utkIrNana pahalI zatI I. meM mathurA meM prArambha huA aura Age kI zatAbdiyoM meM sabhI kSetroM meM lokapriya thA / kuSANa mUrtilekhoM meM Aye 'pratimA sarvatobhadrikA' yA 'sarvatobhadra pratimA' kA artha hai, vaha pratimA, jo sabhI ora se zubha yA maMgalakArI hai / deg kuSANa caumukhI mUrtiyoM meM cAra dizAoM meM kAyotsarga - mudrA meM cAra alaga-alaga jina mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa haiN| jina caumukhI kI dhAraNA ko vidvAnoM ne jina samavasaraNa kI prArambhika kalpanA para AdhArita aura usameM hue vikAsa kA sUcaka mAnA hai / parantu isa bAta ko svIkAra karane meM kaI kaThinAiyA~ haiM / 22 samavasaraNa aisI devanirmita sabhA hai, jahA~ kaivalya-prApti ke bAda pratyeka jina apanA prathama upadeza dete haiM / samavasaraNa tIna prAcIroM vAlA devanirmita bhavana hai, jisameM 694 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #704
sabase UparI bhAga meM jina-AkRti dhyAna-mudrA meM (pUrvAbhimukha) virAjamAna hotI hai| sabhI dizAoM ke zrotA jina kA darzana kara sakeM, isa uddezya se vyantara devoM ne anya tIna dizAoM meM bhI usI jina kI tIna bhavya pratimAe~ sthApita kii| yaha ullekha sarvaprathama AThavIM-nauvIM zatI I. ke jaina granthoM meM AyA hai| prArambhika jaina granthoM meM cAra dizAoM meM cAra jinoM kI alaga-alaga mUrtiyoM ke nirUpaNa kA ullekha nahIM prApta hotA hai| aisI sthiti meM kuSANakAlIna jina caumukhI mUrti meM cAra alaga-alaga jinoM ke utkIrNana ko samavasaraNa kI mUla avadhAraNA se prabhAvita aura usameM hue vikAsa kA sUcaka kataI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| AThavIM-nauvIM zatI I. ke granthoM meM bhI samavasaraNa meM kisI eka hI jina ke hone tathA usI jina kI tIna mUrtiyoM ke sthApita kiye jAne kA ullekha milatA hai, jabaki kuSANakAlIna caumukhI meM cAra alaga-alaga jinoM kA nirUpaNa abhISTa thaa| sarvaprathama lagabhaga nauvIM zatI I. se hI caumukhI mUrti meM samavasaraNa kI dhAraNA ke anurUpa eka hI jina kI cAra mUrtiyA~ bananI prArambha huIM (citra saM. 6) / mathurA kI 1023 I. kI caumukhI mUrti ke lekha meM ullekha hai ki yaha mahAvIra kI jina-caumukhI hai| samavasaraNa meM jina sadaiva dhyAna-mudrA meM AsIna hote haiM, jabaki kuSANakAlIna caumukhI mUrtiyoM meM jina sadaiva kAyotsarga-mudrA meM khar3e haiN| isa prakAra jahA~ hameM samakAlIna jaina granthoM meM caumukhI mUrti kI kalpanA kA nizcita AdhAra nahIM prApta hotA hai, vahIM tatkAlIna evaM pUrvavartI zilpa meM aise eka mukha aura bahumukhI zivaliMga evaM yakSamUrtiyA~ prApta hotI haiM, jinase jina caumukhI kI dhAraNA ke prabhAvita rahe hone kI sambhAvanA ho sakatI hai| jina caumukhI para svastika aura maurya zAsaka azoka ke sAranAtha siMha-zIrSa-stambha kA bhI prabhAva asambhava nahIM hai / cAra alaga-alaga jinoM (RSabhanAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha evaM mahAvIra) kA aMkana karane vAlI kuSANakAlIna caumukhI mUrtiyoM ko saMyukta yA saMghAta mUrtiyoM kI koTi meM bhI rakhA jA sakatA hai| jJAtavya hai ki vaidika-paurANika paramparA meM bhI kuSANa kAla meM hI ardhanArIzvara mUrti ke rUpa meM saMyukta mUrtiyoM kA ukerana prArambha huaa| ___ lagabhaga 10vIM zatI I. meM caturviMzati jina-paTToM kA nirmANa prArambha huaa| 11vIM zatI I. kA eka viziSTa caturviMzati jina-paTTa devagar3ha ke sAhU jaina saMgrahAlaya meM hai| isameM jinoM ke sAtha aSTaprAtihAryoM, lAMchanoM evaM yakSa-yakSI kA aMkana huA hai| bhavagatIsUtra, tattvArthasUtra, antagaDdasAo evaM paumacariya jaise prArambhika jaina granthoM meM yakSa-yakSI ke pracura ullekha haiN| inameM mANibhadra, pUrNabhadra aura bahuputrikA yakSI kI sarvAdhika carcA hai| jinoM se saMzliSTa prAcInatama yakSa-yakSI sarvAnubhUti (yA kubera) aura ambikA kI avadhAraNA prAcIna paramparA ke mANibhadra-pUrNabhadra yakSoM aura bahuputrikA yakSI se prabhAvita haiM, jo kramazaH dhana-samRddhi ke devatA kubera aura mAtRdevI kI pUrva paramparA se sambandhita hai| lagabhaga chaThI-sAtavIM zatI I. meM jinoM ke zAsana aura upAsaka mUrtikalA :: 695 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #705
devoM ke rUpa meM jina mUrtiyoM meM yakSa-yakSI kA rUpAyana prArambha huA, jisakA sabase prArambhika udAharaNa (chaThI zatI I.) akoTA (gujarAta) se milA hai| harivaMzapurANa (66.43-45) ke anusAra yakSa-yakSI yA zAsana devatA sarvadA vItarAgI tIrthaMkaroM ke samIpa rahate haiM aura jinabhaktoM kI bhautika AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti karate haiN| sAtha hI bhUta, pizAca, graha, roga Adi ke prakopa ko bhI zAnta karate haiN| yakSa-yakSiyoM kA aMkana jinamUrtiyoM ke siMhAsana yA pIThikA para kramaza: dAhine aura bAe~ choroM para kiyA gyaa| jinamUrtiyoM meM yakSa-yakSI kA rUpAyana jainakalA meM jainadharma-darzana ke do bhAvabhUmi ko sampRkta rUpa meM vyakta karatA hai| vItarAgI jina AdhyAtmika utkarSa ke zreSTha stara kI preraNA dete haiM, jabaki yakSa-yakSI bhaktoM kI bhautika AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti karate haiN| ___ lagabhaga chaThI se nauvIM zatI taka ke granthoM meM kevala yakSarAja (sarvAnubhUti), dharaNendra, cakrezvarI, ambikA aura padmAvatI kI hI kucha lAkSaNika vizeSatAoM ke ullekha milate haiN| 24 jinoM ke yakSa-yakSI kI sampUrNa sUcI lagabhaga AThavIM-nauvIM zatI I. meM nirdhArita huI (kahAvalI, tiloyapaNNati aura pravacanasAroddhAra) | jabaki unakI svatantra lAkSaNika vizeSatAe~ 11vIM-12vIM zatI I. meM niyata huI, jinake ullekha nirvANakalikA, triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritra, pratiSThAsArasaMgraha, evaM paravartI pratiSThAsAroddhAra, pratiSThAtilakam jaise zilpazAstroM meM haiN| zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparAoM kI sUciyoM meM mAtaMga, yakSezvara evaM Izvara yakSoM tathA naradattA, mAnavI, acyutA evaM kucha anya yakSiyoM ke nAmollekha eka se adhika jinoM ke sAtha kiye gaye haiN| bhRkuTI kA yakSa aura yakSI donoM ke rUpa meM ullekha hai| 24 yakSa aura yakSiyoM meM se kaI ke nAma evaM unakI lAkSaNika vizeSatAe~ vaidikapaurANika aura kabhI-kabhI bauddha devatAoM se mela khAtI haiN| vaidika-paurANika devoM se prabhAvita yakSa-yakSI tIna koTi meM vibhAjya haiN| pahalI koTi meM aise yakSa-yakSI haiM, jinake mUla devatA Apasa meM kisI prakAra sambandhita nahIM haiN| adhikAMza yakSa-yakSI isI koTi ke haiN| dUsarI koTi meM aise yakSa-yakSI haiM, jo mUla rUpa se Apasa meM bhI sambandhita haiM, jaise zreyAMsanAtha ke Izvara yakSa aura gaurI ykssii| tIsarI koTi meM aise yakSa-yakSI yugala haiM, jinameM yakSa eka aura yakSI dUsare svatantra sampradAya ke devatA ke samAna haiN| lagabhaga chaThI zatI I. meM sarvaprathama sarvAnubhUti evaM ambikA ko akoTA meM mUrta abhivyakti milii| isake bAda dharaNendra aura padmAvatI kI mUrtiyA~ bniiN| lagabhaga 10vIM zatI I. meM anya yakSa-yakSiyoM kI bhI mUrtiyA~ banane lgiiN| chaThI zatI I. meM jina mUrtiyoM kI pIThikA para aura lagabhaga nauvIM zatI I. meM svatantra mUrtiyoM ke rUpa meM yakSa-yakSiyoM kA nirUpaNa prArambha huaa| chaThI se nauvIM zatI I. ke madhya kI RSabhanAtha, zAntinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha evaM kucha anya jinoM kI mUrtiyoM meM yakSa-yakSI mukhyataH sarvAnubhUti (kubera) evaM ambikA hI haiN| 10vIM zatI I. se sarvAnubhUti evaM ambikA ke sthAna 696 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #706
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir para pAramparika yA svatantra lakSaNoM vAle yakSa-yakSI kA jinoM ke sAtha nirUpaNa prArambha huA, jisake aneka udAharaNa devagar3ha, gyArasapura, khajurAho, elorA, zravaNabelagola, rAjya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU evaM anya sthAnoM para haiN| RSabhanAtha, neminAtha aura pArzvanAtha ke sAtha kramazaH gomukha - cakrezvarI, sarvAnubhUti - ambikA tathA dharaNendra - padmAvatI yakSayakSI kA niyamita nirUpaNa hI jainakalA meM sarvAdhika lokapriya thA / yakSiyoM meM cakrezvarI, ambikA evaM padmAvatI (citra saM. 9-10 ) kI hI sarvAdhika svatantra mUrtiyA~ jaina purAsthaloM para banI / zalAkApuruSoM meM se kevala balarAma, kRSNa, rAma aura bharata (cakravartI - rUpa meM na hokara muni-rUpa meM) kI hI mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa huii| 10vIM - 11vIM zatI I. kI balarAma aura vAsudeva kRSNa ke aMkana ke udAharaNa devagar3ha (citra saM. 3), khajurAho, mathurA aura mAuNTa AbU se mile haiN| balarAma khajurAho ke pArzvanAtha mandira (950-70 I.) kI bhitti para svatantra rUpa meM aura neminAtha mUrti parikara meM vAsudeva kRSNa ke sAtha mathurA aura devagar3ha ke udAharaNoM meM rUpAyita hue haiN| zrI lakSmI aura sarasvatI ke ullekha prArambhika jaina granthoM meM haiM / sarasvatI kA aMkana kuSANa kAla meM ( rAjya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU, je. 24, 132 I.) aura zrI lakSmI kA aMkana 10vIM zatI I. meM huaa| bhArata meM sarasvatI kI prAcInatama jJAta mUrti bhI jaina paramparA kI kuSANa kAlIna sarasvatI mUrti hai / sarasvatI aura lakSmI (zrI) kI manojJa mUrtiyA~ mathurA ke atirikta devagar3ha, khajurAho, vimala vasahI (citra saM. 8), lUNa vasahI aura zravaNabelagola se milI haiN| pustakadhAriNI sarasvatI kI kalAtmaka dRSTi se sundaratama mUrtiyA~ bIkAnera ke samIpa pallU se milI haiN| 10vIM zatI I. se 14 yA 16 mAMgalika svapna samUha meM bhI zrI (lakSmI) kA gajalakSmI rUpa meM aMkana devagar3ha, khajurAho evaM kumbhAriyA ke jaina mandiroM ke pravezadvAroM ke meharAboM para dekhA jA sakatA hai| samRddhi kI devI lakSmI aura jJAna kI devI sarasvatI ke pUjana aura mUrti nirmANa kI paramparA akhila bhAratIya paramparA kA vaiziSTya hai| jise jainadharma aura kalA meM bhI jIvana ke do mukhya aura anivArya tattvoM kA rUpAMkana mAnanA cAhie / 10vIM se 12vIM zatI I. ke madhya zAntidevI, gaNeza (gajamukha, modakapAtra yukta), indra, brahmazAnti evaM kaparddi yakSoM kI mUrtiyA~ bhI jaina purAsthaloM para banIM / jaina paramparA gaNeza ke lakSaNa pUrNataH vaidika - paurANika paramparA se prabhAvita haiN| gaNeza kI svatantra mUrtiyA~ osiyA (jodhapura, rAjasthAna) kI 11vIM zatI I. kI jaina devakulikAoM, kumbhAriyA ke neminAtha mandira (12 zatI I.) aura naDalaI ke jaina mandira para ukerI haiN| brahmazAnti evaM kaparddi yakSoM kI svatantra mUrtiyA~ gujarAta ke zvetAmbara mandiroM para utkIrNa haiM, jinake svarUpa kramazaH brahmA aura ziva kA smaraNa karAte haiM / 7 jinoM aura yakSa-yakSiyoM ke bAda mahAvidyAoM ko jaina devakula meM sarvAdhika pratiSThA mUrtikalA :: 697 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #707
milii| sthAnAMgasUtra, sUtrakRtAMga, nAyAdhammakahAo aura paumacariya jaise prArambhika evaM harivaMzapurANa, vasudevahiNDI, AdipurANa aura triSaSTizalAkApuruSa jaise paravartI granthoM (chaThI se 12vIM zatI I.) meM vidyAoM ke aneka ullekha haiN|28 jaina granthoM meM varNita aneka vidyAoM meM se 16 pramukha vidyAoM ko lekara lagabhaga nauvIM zatI I. meM 16 mahAvidyAoM kI sUcI niyata huI aura nauvIM se 12vIM zatI I. ke madhya inhIM 16 vidyAdeviyoM ke svatantra lakSaNa nirdhArita hue| zilpa meM bhI tadanurUpa inakI mUrtiyA~ bniiN| vidyAoM kI prAcInatama mUrtiyA~ osiyA~ ke mahAvIra mandira (la. AThavIM zatI I.) se milI haiN| nauvIM se 13vIM zatI I. ke madhya gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke zvetAmbara jaina mandiroM (kumbhAriyA, delavAr3A tAraMgA, jAlora) meM vidyAoM kI aneka mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa huiiN| 16 mahAvidyAoM ke sAmUhika zilpAMkana ke udAharaNa kramazaH kumbhAriyA ke zAntinAtha mandira (11vIM zatI I.), AbU ke vimala vasahI (do udAharaNa : raMgamaNDapa aura devakulikA 41, 12vIM zatI I.) evaM lUNa vasahI (raMgamaNDapa, 1230 I.) se mile haiN| digambara purAsthaloM para vidyAdeviyoM ke rUpAyana kA ekamAtra udAharaNa khajurAho ke AdinAtha mandira (11vIM zatI I.) kI bAhya bhitti kI vIthikAoM meM utkIrNa hai| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha ke putra bAhubalI ko unakI gahana sAdhanA aura tyAga ke kAraNa vizeSa pratiSThA prApta hai| zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparA ke granthoM meM bharata aura bAhubalI ke yuddha aura bAhubalI kI kaThora tapazcaryA ke vistRta ullekha haiN| sunandA putra bAhubalI ko dakSiNa bhAratIya paramparA meM 'gommaTa yA gommaTezvara' nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| kevalI hote hue bhI bAhubalI ko jaina kalA meM sAdhanA, tyAga aura ahiMsA kA pratIka hone ke kAraNa jinoM ke samAna pratiSThA milii| agraja bharata cakravartI para vijaya ke antima kSaNoM meM saba-kucha tyAgane kA nirNaya lekara sAdhanA ke mArga para calane vAle bAhubalI ko jainakalA meM zraddhA kA zIrSastha sthAna pradAna kiyA gayA, phalataH vizAlatama mUrtiyA~ bAhubalI kI bniiN| zilpa meM bAhubalI kA digambara sthaloM para sarvAdhika aMkana milatA hai aura usameM bhI karnATaka ke digambara sthaloM pr| digambara sthaloM para chaThI-sAtavIM zatI I. meM bAhubalI kA nirUpaNa prArambha ho gayA, jisake udAharaNa bAdAmI evaM ayahola kI guphA mUrtiyoM ke rUpa meM milate haiN| ___ donoM hI paramparAoM kI mUrtiyoM meM bAhubalI ko kAyotsarga-mudrA meM dikhAyA gayA hai| zvetAmbara sthaloM para bAhubalI dhotI pahane dikhAye gaye haiM, jabaki digambara sthaloM para nirvastra haiN| bAhubalI kI mUrtiyoM meM sAmAnyatayA hAthoM aura pairoM meM latA-vallariyA~ lipaTI haiM, sAtha hI zarIra para sarpa, vRzcika aura chipakalI Adi kA bhI aMkana devagar3ha evaM khajurAho kI mUrtiyoM meM huA hai| elorA, zravaNabelagola (citra saM. 7), kArakala, veNUra kI mUrtiyoM meM samIpa hI vAlmIka se nikalate sarpo kA ukerana huA hai| ye vizeSatAe~ bAhubalI kI gahana tapasyA ke bhAva ko mUrtamAna karatI haiN| zravaNabelagola 698 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #708
(hasana, karnATaka) kI 58 phITa U~cI gommaTezvara bAhubalI kI mahApramANa zailotkIrNa mUrti gahana sAdhanA aura tyAga kA jIvanta pratIka hai| yaha mUrti jainakalA ke sAtha hI bhAratIya kalA kA bhI apratima udAharaNa hai| prakRti aura viSadhara jIvoM ke sAhacarya meM bAhubalI kI nizcala sAdhanA sahRdaya manuSya aura prakRti ke saha-astitva kA vartamAna ke sandarbha meM anukaraNIya udAharaNa bhI hai| devagar3ha, sirona, khajurAho evaM bilhArI kI digambara paramparA kI mUrtiyoM meM AdipurANa (khaNDa 2, 36.183) aura harivaMzapurANa (11.101) ke vivaraNoM ke anurUpa donoM pAryoM meM sarvAlaMkRta sudarzanA do vidyAdhariyoM ko bAhubalI ke zarIra se lipaTI mAdhavIlatAoM ko haTAte hue dikhAyA gayA hai| khajurAho aura devagar3ha kI do bAhubalI mUrtiyoM (12vIM zatI I.) meM jina ke samAna hI unake sAtha aSTa-prAtihArya sahita yakSa-yakSI ko bhI nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| devagar3ha kI 11vIM zatI I. kI eka tritIrthI mUrti meM eka hI pIThikA para do jinoM ke sAtha samAna AkAra-prakAra vAlI tIsarI mUrti bAhubalI kI hai| ye mUrtiyA~ jainakalA kA vaiziSTya prakaTa karatI haiM, jisameM tIrthaMkara na hote hue bhI tyAga-sAdhanA kA zreSTha pratIka hone ke kAraNa bAhubalI ko jinoM ke samAna pratiSThA pradAna kI gyii| tyAga, sAdhanA aura ahiMsA kA zreyas -mArga jaina kalA meM sarvadA dRr3hatA aura spaSTatA ke sAtha prastuta huA hai| isakA udAharaNa na kevala buddha evaM vaidika-paurANika paramparA ke ziva, viSNu, zakti jaise devI-devatAoM kI mUrtiyoM meM pradarzita abhaya evaM varada-mudrA ke sthAna para vItarAgI tIrthaMkaroM kI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kI mudrAoM (dhyAna evaM kAyotsarga) aura kAyotsarga-mudrA meM banI latA-vallariyoM se veSTita bAhubalI kI mUrtiyoM meM draSTavya hai, varan bharata muni kI mUrtiyoM se bhI yahI bhAva vyakta huA hai| dhyAtavya hai ki bharata kI mUrti cakravartI zAsaka ke rUpa meM nahI bniiN| bharata ne jaba cakravartI pada kA tyAgakara dIkSA lI aura sAdhanA ke mArga para cale, tabhI upAsyadeva bane aura isI kAraNa jaina kalA meM bharata kI mUrtiyA~ muni rUpa meM banIM, jo jainakalA kA vaiziSTya hone ke sAtha hI bhAratIya kalA evaM cintana kA bhI vilakSaNa udAharaNa hai| devagar3ha (u.pra.), zatrujaya (gujarAta) evaM zravaNabelagola (karnATaka) se prApta mUrtiyoM meM bharata muni ko kAyotsarga-mudrA meM sAdhanArata dikhAyA gayA hai aura unakI mUrti kI pIThikA para cakravartI pada ke abhilakSaNa, jinakA dIkSA ke pUrva bharata ne tyAga kiyA thA, utkIrNa haiN| inameM navanidhiyoM (kubera sahita navaghaTa) evaM 14 ratnoM (khaDga, kheTaka, azva, gaja Adi; (mahApurANa, khaNDa eka, bhAga do, 37, 73-74; triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritra, 1.4.708-712) kA aMkana eka cakravartI ke bhautika jagat kI sattA aura samRddhi ke sampUrNa tyAga ko vyakta karatA hai| aise tyAga ke bAda hI bhAratIya paramparA meM koI bhI upAsya yA ArAdhyadeva ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hotA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti ke marma kA isase mUrtikalA :: 699 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #709
adhika saTIka aMkana aura kyA ho sakatA hai, isa prakAra jaina kalA meM bAhubalI evaM bharatamuni kI mUrtiyA~ bhAratIya saMskRti ke zAzvata mUlyoM kI jIvanta abhivyakti haiN| jainakalA meM sthApatya evaM mUrti donoM hI vidhAoM meM kalAtmaka saundarya ke sAtha hI arthapUrNa dArzanika cintana kA bhAva bhI sarvatra pratyakSa huA hai| bhAratIya sthApatya kI paramparA meM jaina mandira bhI pratIkAtmaka rUpa se sUkSma-jagat kI abhivyakti kA mAdhyama rahe haiM, jina para carAcara jagat kI samaveta upasthiti bhAratIya cintana ke samaSTi bhAva ko ujAgara karatI haiN| jaina mandiroM para eka ora vItarAgI tIrthaMkaroM aura tyAga evaM sAdhanA ke pratIka bAhubalI kI mUrtiyA~ ukerI gayIM, to dUsarI ora vaidika-paurANika paramparA ke rAma, vAsudeva-kRSNa, balarAma, ziva, viSNu, brahmA aura kAmadeva kA zilpAMkana huA, jo jainacintana ke samanvaya-bhAva ko mUrtamAna karate haiN| tIrthaMkara kI mUrtiyoM meM lAMchana ke rUpa meM pazu-pakSI jagata aura zIrSa bhAga meM sAMketika rUpa se azoka-vRkSa kI upasthiti tathA kAyotsarga meM sAdhanArata bAhubalI ke sAtha zarIra para latA-vallariyoM evaM sarpa tathA vRzcika Adi kA aMkana jainakalA meM vanaspati aura pazu jagat yAnI paryAvaraNa ke mahattva ke prati samajha aura sarokAra ko ujAgara karatA hai| tIrthaMkaroM evaM bAhubalI kI mUrtiyoM meM alaukika evaM AdhyAtmika saundarya ke darzana hote haiM, jo upAsakoM ko zAnti kI preraNA dete haiN| bRhatsaMhitA, mAnasAra evaM anya granthoM meM tIrthaMkara mUrtiyoM ke 'rUpavAna, manohara evaM surUpa' hone kA bhI ullekha huA hai| aisA bhI nahIM thA ki jainakalA meM zRMgAra yA bhautika jagat ke saundarya ko mahattva hI nahIM diyA gyaa| jainakalA meM yakSa-yakSI, vidyAdeviyoM aura apsarAoM, nRtyAMganAoM tathA zrRMgAra evaM prasAdhikAoM aura kAma-zilpa ke ukerana meM laukika saundarya ko anubhUti ke yathArtha dharAtala para vyakta kiyA gayA hai, jisameM kisI kA bhI mana moha lene kI zakti hai aura jo zrAvakazrAvikA yA gRhastha jIvana ke bhautika anurAga kI vyAvahArika anivAryatA ko rekhAMkita karate haiM / vastutaH jainakalA meM AdhyAtmika aura laukika saundarya kA adbhuta samanvaya vyakta huA hai, jo jainakalA kA vaiziSTya hone ke sAtha hI bhAratIya kalA kI mUladhArA kI bhI abhivyakti hai| yahI vizeSatA jainakalA kI loka-vyApti kA AdhAra bhI rahI sandarbha 1. epigrAphiyA iNDikA, khaNDa 1, kolakAtA, 1892, lekha saM. 1, 2, 7, 21, 29; khaNDa 2, kolakAtA, 1894, lekha saM. 5, 16, 18, 39. 2. DI.Ara. bhaNDArakara, ArkialaoNjikala sarve oNpha iMDiyA, ainuala riporTa, 1908-09; kolakAtA, 1912, pR. 108; pI.sI. nAhara, jaina inskrIpzansa, bhAga-1, kolakAtA, 1918 pR. 192-94; epigrAphiyA iMDikA, khaNDa-11, pR. 52-54; vijayamUrti (saM.), jaina zilAlekha 700 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #710
saMgraha, bhAga-3, bambaI, 1957, pR. 79, 108; paramAnanda jaina zAstrI, "madhya bhArata kA jainapurAtatva", anekAnta, varSa 19, aMka 1-2, pR. 57. 3. draSTavya, jAna mArzala, mohanajodar3o eNDa di iNDasa sivilijezana, khaNDa-1, landana, 1931, ___phalaka 12, citra, 13, 14, 18, 19, 22 pR. 45 phalaka 10. 4. Ara.pI. candA, "sindha phAiva thAUjaNDa iyarsa ego" mADarna rivyU, saM. 52, aMka. 2, agasta 1932, pR. 151-160; TI.ena. rAmacandrana, "har3appA eNDa jainijma (hindI anuvAda)", anekAnta, varSa 14, janavarI, 1957, pR. 157-161, yU.pI. zAha, sTaDIja ina jaina ArTa, vArANasI, 1956, pR 3-4. 5. draSTavya ke.pI. jAyasavAla, 'jaina imejeja oNva maurya pIriyaDa', jarnala oNpha bihAra ur3IsA risarca sosAyaTI, khaNDa 23, bhAga 1, 1937, pR. 130-32; e. banarjI evaM zAstrI "mauryana skalpacarsa phrAma lohAnIpura, paTanA", rjanala oNpha bihAra-ur3IsA risarca sosAyaTI, khaNDa 26, bhAga 2, 1940, pR. 120-24 6. ke.pI. jAyasavAla, pUrva nirdiSTa, pR. 131 7. draSTavya Ara.ke. mukharjI, candragupta maurya ainDa hija TAimsa, dillI, 1966, pR. 39-41 8. Ara.ke. mukharjI, azoka, dillI , 1974, pR. 54-55 9. pariziSTaparva, 9.54; romilA, thApara, azoka eNDa di DiklAina oNva di mauryaja, AksaphorDa, 1963, pR. 187 10. DI.sI. sarakAra, selekTa inskripzansa, khaNDa 1, kolakAtA, 1965 pR. 213-21 11. yU.pI. zAha, "aina arlI bronja imeja oNva pArzvanAtha ina di priMsa oNva velsa myUjiyama, mumbaI", buleTina priMsa oNva velsa myUjiyama, vesTarna iDiyA, aMka 3, 1952-53, pR. 6365; e.ke. prasAda, "jaina bronjeja ina di paTanA myUjiyama", mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya golDena jubilI vAlyUma, mumbaI, 1968, pR. 275-80 12. Ara.sI. zarmA, "pri kaniSka buddhisTa AikAnogrAphI eTa mathurA", ArkialaoNjikala kAMgresa ___ eNDa seminAra peparsa, nAgapura 1972, pR. 193-94 13. zrIvatsa, dharmacakra, svastika, matsyayugala, trirtn| 14. jI. vyUrara, "spesimensa oNva jaina skalpacarsa phrAma mathurA", epigrAphiyA iNDikA, khaNDa 1, kolakAtA, 1894, pR. 314-18 15. paumacariya, 3-122, 26 16. Ara.sI. agravAla, "nyUlI DiskavarDa skalpacarma phrAma vidizA," jarnala oNpha oriyaNTala insTITyUTa, khaNDa 18, aMka 3 mArca, 1969, pR. 252-53 17. harivaMzapurANa, 29.1-5 (saM. pannAlAla jaina, jJAnapITha mUrtidevI jaina granthamAlA, saMskRta granthAMka 27, vArANasI, 1962, pR. 3781 18. harivaMzapurANa, 29.9-10 19. 63 zalAkApuruSoM kI sUcI meM 24 jinoM ke atirikta 12 cakravartI, 9 baladeva, 9 vAsudeva aura 9 prativAsudeva sammilita haiN| 20. epigrAphiyA iNDikA, khaNDa 2, kolakAtA, 1894, pR. 202-203, 210 21. draSTavya, yU.pI. zAha, sTaDIja ina jaina ArTa, vArANasI, 1955, pR. 94-95; sudhIna De, "caumukhI e simbAlika jaina ArTa", jaina jarnala, khaNDa 6, aMka 1, julAI 1971, pR. 27; bI.ena. mUrtikalA :: 701 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #711
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org zrIvAstava, "sama inTaresTiMga skalpacarsa ina di sTeTa myUjiyama, lakhanaU", saMgrahAlaya purAtatva patrikA, aMka 9, jUna 1972, pR. 45 22. draSTavya mArutinandana prasAda tivArI, "sarvatobhadrikA jina mUrtiyA~ yA jina caumukhI" sambodhi, khaNDa 8, aMka 1-4, apraila 79 janavarI 80, pR. 1-7 23. pI.ke. agravAla, "di Tripala yakSa sTaicU phrAma rAjaghATa", chavi, (saM. Ananda kRSNa) vArANasI 1971, pR. 340-42 24. vI.esa. agravAla, bhAratIya kalA, vArANasI pR. 336 va 343 25. yU. pI. zAha, "yakSaja varazipa ina arlI liTarecara", jarnala oNpha oriyaNTala insTITyUTa, khaNDa 3, aMka 1 sitambara, 1953, pR. 61-62 26. jaina granthoM ke AdhAra para 24 yakSa evaM yakSiyoM ke nAma nimnalikhita haiM : gomukha-cakrezvarI ( yA apraticakrA), mahAyakSa - ajitA (rohiNI), trimukha- duritAri (prajJapti), yakSezvara (yA Izvara ) - kAlikA ( yA vajra zrRMkhalA), tumbaru (yA tumbara), mahAkAlI ( puruSadattA), kusuma ( yA puSpa), acyutA (yA manovegA), mAtaMga (yA varanandi), zAntA (yA kAlI), vijaya (yA zyAma), bhRkuTI ( yA jvAlAmAlinI), ajita - sutArA (yA mahAkAlI), brahma- azokA ( yA mAnavI), Izvara - mAnavI (yA gaurI), kumAra- caNDA (yA gAndhArI), SaNmukha (cartumukha), viditA (yA vairoTI), pAtAla - aMkuzA (yA anantamatI), kinnara - kandarpA (yA mAnasI), garuDa-nirvANI (yA mahAmAnavI), gandharva-balA (yA jayA), yakSendra (yA khendra), dhAraNI (yA tArAvatI), kubera (yA yakSeza), vairoTyA (yA aparAjitA), varuNa - naradattA (bahurUpiNI), bhRkuTI - gAMdhArI (yA cAmuNDA), gomedha - ambikA (AmrA yA kuSmADinI), pArzva (yA dharaNa), padmAvatI evaM mAtaMga - siddhAyikA ( yA siddhAyinI ) / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 27. yU. pI. zAha, "brahmazAnti eNDa kaparddi yakSaja", jarnala ema.esa. yUnivarsiTI, bar3audA, khaNDa 7, aMka 1, mArca 1958, pR. 59-72 28. draSTavya, yU.pI. zAha, " AikAnogrAphI oNva di siksaTIna jaina mahAvidyAja", jarnala iNDiyana sosAyaTI oNva oriyaNTala ArTa, khaNDa 15, 1947, pR. 114-77; mArutinandana prasAda tivArI "di AikAnogrAphI oNva di siksaTIna mahAvidyAja aija riprejeNTeDa ina di sIliMga oNva di zAntinAtha Tempala, kumbhAriyA", sambodhi ( ahamadAbAda), khaNDa 1, aMka 3, akTUbara 1973, pR. 15-22 29. vistAra ke lie draSTavya, sAgaramala jaina tathA mArutinandana prasAda tivArI, jaina sAhitya aura zilpa meM bAhubalI, vArANasI, 1981 30. vistAra ke lie draSTavya, mArutinandana prasAda tivArI, evaM zAnti svarUpa sinhA, jaina kalA tIrtha : devagar3ha, vArANasI, 2002 I. 702 :: jainadharma paricaya 31. pU.ni., pR. 109-112 32. mAruti nandana prasAda tivArI evaM zAnti svarUpa sinhA, jaina ArTa aiNDa aistheTiksa, naI dillI, 2011, pR. 178-199 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #712
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org saMgIta Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pro. vRSabhaprasAda jaina sampUrNa bhAratIya saMgIta meM nAda ko prANa mAnA gayA hai| jaina saMgIta - zAstrakAra bhI saMgIta ke prANa ke rUpa meM nAda ko hI mAnate haiM, para khAsa bAta yaha hai ki ye ise AkAza yA zabda kA guNa na mAnakara pudgala kA guNa mAnate haiM aura pudgaloM ko paramANu-rUpa meM dekhate haiM / jo guNa sahita pUrI taraha gala jAe tathA jo pUraNadharma se bhI yukta ho, use pudgala mAnA gayA hai| jaina sAhitya meM nAda kalA kA AkAra Adhe candramA ke jaisA mAnA gayA hai aura vaha AdhA candramA sapheda raMga vAlA hai tathA usa arddhacandra para lagane vAlA bindu nIle raMga kA hai| nAdazcandrasamAkAro bindunIlasamaprabhaH // 2 // - RSimaMDalastotra yaha nAda kisI aura ke dvArA suzobhita nahIM hotA, balki vaha svayaM suzobhita hotA hai, isIlie yaha nAda - svara kahalAtA hai / yaha nAda - svara hI gAe aura sune jAne vAle pada kA AdhAra hai aura vaha pada artha ko sampreSita karatA hai| saMgIta kI sabhI vidhAoM meM bhI isa nAda kA hI mUla AdhAra hai| isa nAda ke (saMgIta ke) madhura AsvAdana se paritRpta hokara devagaNa sukhapUrvaka jIvana jIte haiN| yaha nAda paramapada dene vAlA hai aura isase paramadeva jinezvara kI ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| sampUrNa bhAratIya paramparA yaha mAnatI hai ki manuSya kI manuSyatA va devoM ke devatva ke sAtha saMgIta bhItara taka jur3A hai| jaina paramparA meM saMgIta kA ullekha hameM nimna rUpoM meM milatA hai 1. saMgIta - zAstra ke mUla granthoM ke rUpa meM; 2. sAhitya ke granthoM meM jina kAvya-rUpoM kA prayoga huA hai, sAMgItika prayoga ke rUpa meM una kAvya-rUpoM meM rAga-rAginiyoM ke ullekha ke sAtha; 3. mandira aura rAjamahaloM kI dIvAroM para aMkita mudrAoM ke rUpa meM; 4. jainadharma se jur3e hue sAMskRtika utsavoM meN| ina sabhI rUpoM meM jaina saMgIta kA sabase mahattvapUrNa pakSa yaha hai ki jaina-saMgIta zAnta, nirveda evaM bhakti-pradhAna hai| bhAva yaha hai ki vahA~ zRMgAra bhI rUpa-darzana yA pradarzana ke lie nahIM, balki vAtsalya meM yA bhakti meM ramane ke lie hai; ThIka vaise hI yuddha yuddha ke lie saMgIta :: 703 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #713
nahIM, zAnti kI sthApanA ke lie hai| zAstra evaM prayoga donoM dRSTiyoM se jaina saMgIta kI bhAratIya sAhitya aura kalA jagat ko mahattvapUrNa dena hai| zAstra kI dRSTi se tIna racanAe~ mahattvapUrNa haiM- 1. AcArya pArzvadeva kA 'saMgIta-samayasAra', 2. AcArya sudhAkalaza kA 'saMgIta-sAropaniSad-sAra', tathA 3. maMDana kA 'sNgiit-mNddn'| saMgIta ke uparyukta tInoM zAstrIya-sandarbho ke atirikta Agama, darzana evaM sAhitya Adi ke jaina granthoM meM bhI saMgIta ke mahattvapUrNa uddharaNa va ullekha milate haiN| rAyapaseNIya sutta meM bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI kI vandanA karate hue AcArya sUryAbhadeva ne battIsa prakAra ke abhinayAtmaka nATakoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| kalpasUtra TIkA va kalikA purANa meM causaTha kalAoM kA varNana hai tathA inheM mahilA guNa kahA gayA hai| ubavAisa sUtra meM campA nagarI kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki vahA~ naToM, nartakoM, saMgItajJoM tathA lAsya nRtya karane vAlI nartakiyoM kA AvAgamana hotA rahatA thaa| aisA hI ullekha aupapattika sUtra meM bhI hai| rAjapraznIya Agama meM mahAvIra svAmI ke jIvana-carita ko nRtya-pradhAna nATya ke rUpa meM abhinIta kiye jAne kA ullekha hai| jaina AgamoM meM campA, rAjagRha, zrAvastI, kauzAmbI aura mithilA Adi bhArata ke prAcIna nagaroM tathA vahA~ ke nAgarIya jIvana kA vistAra se varNana hai| ina varNanoM meM aneka prakAra kI kalAoM, vidyAoM aura manoraMjanoM kA bhI ullekha hai| ubavAisa sUtra meM likhA hai ki campAnagarI meM naToM, nartakoM, lAsya nRtya karane vAlI nartakiyoM aura tAnapurA vINA Adi vAdyoM ke bajAne vAle kalAkAroM kA AnA-jAnA lagA rahatA thaa| ___ThANAMga sutta, rAyapaseNIya tathA kalpasUtra meM, anuyogadvAra-sUtra meM saMgIta-saMbandhI sAmagrI kAphI mAtrA meM ullikhita hai| svara, gIta, mUrcchanA Adi ganrdhava ke viSayoM kA sUtra-baddha vivaraNa vahA~ hai| yaha bhI ullekha hai ki saMgIta athavA gandharva-zAstra una viSayoM meM se hai, jinakA parivartana bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA huaa| ina viSayoM kA saiddhAntika vivecana prAcIna granthoM meM hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra pUrva grantha jainoM kI prAcInatama paramparA ke vAhaka haiM tathA yaha paramparA bhagavAna mahAvIra taka pahu~catI hai| jaina siddhAnta granthoM meM prAcIna lalita kalAoM ke antargata jina 72 athavA 64 kalAoM kI gaNanA pAI jAtI hai, inakA adhyayana kSatriyoM tathA mahilAoM ke dvArA kiyA jAtA thaa| laukika vidhAoM tathA kalAoM ke antargata gAthA, AkhyAna tathA kathAoM kI zikSA isa yuga meM pAramparika rUpa se pradAna kI jAtI rahI hai| rAyapaseNIya ke anusAra AcAryoM ke tIna varga the- 1. kalAyariya arthAt kalAcArya, 2. sippAyariya arthAt zilpAcArya, tathA 3. dhammAyariya arthAt dhrmaacaary| AcAryoM ko samAja meM sammAna kI dRSTi se dekhA jAtA thaa| saMgItakuzala gaNikAoM kA rAjasabhA meM sammAna kiyA jAtA thaa| campA nagarI kI gaNikAe~ saMgIta tathA vaiSikI kalAoM meM pAraMgata batAyI gayI haiM, aura inheM rAjakoSa se paryApta vetana pradAna kiyA jAtA thaa| gaNikAoM ke atirikta nRtya kA vyavasAya karane vAlA niTTayAva 704 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #714
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir arthAt nartakiyoM kA viziSTa varga thA / holI - jaise utsavoM para nimna jAti ke vyakti nagara mArgoM para samUha gAna nRtyAdi karate the / / uttarAdhyayana kI TIkA meM vArANasI ke do mAtaMgaputroM kI kathA AI hai, jo gAyaka tathA nartakoM kI ToliyA~ banAkara sAre nagara meM ghUmate-phirate the / I bhAratIya janatA kA laukika vyavahAra sadaiva dharma se anuprANita rahA hai| saMgItakalA bhI dhArmika abhivyaMjanA se achUtI na raha skii| jaina AgamoM kA jana-jana meM pracAra karane ke lie calita nAmaka gItoM kA upayoga kiyA jAtA thA / mahAvIra ke jIvana-darzana sambandhI nATakoM kA abhinaya kiyA jAtA thA, aise bhI kucha ullekha haiM ki jisameM jaina muni bhI bhUmikAbhinaya karate the / piMDanijjuti meM pATaliputra meM abhinIta raThThavAla nAmaka nATaka kA ullekha hai, jisakA abhinaya AzADhabhUha nAmaka jainamuni ne kiyA thA / nRtya nATya ke antargata druya (druta), vilambiya (vilambita), duyavilambaya (druta - vilambita) antriya (acita), Aramadra, pasAriya, bhantasabhAnta, utpayapavata ityAdi aMgoM kA ullekha jaina granthoM se prApta hotA hai| inameM se kucha nRtyAlayoM ke, kucha abhinaya - prakAroM ke tathA kucha nRtya - prakAroM ke nidarzaka pratIta hote haiN| jaina granthoM meM vAdya viyAhapaNNaTTitta, rAyApaseNIya, jIvAbhigama, jaMbudIvapaNNatti, anuyogasUtra Adi granthoM meM saMgIta ke tatkAlIna prAcIna vAdyoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| rAyapaseNIya sutta saM. 64 meM turIya arthAt tUrya ke antargata nimna vAdyoM kA ullekha milatA hai - 1. saMkha (zaMkha), 2. siMga (zuMga), 3. zaMkhiyA, 4. kharamuhI, 5. peyA, 6. pIripiriyA, 7. paNava, 8. paDaha (paTaha)gh 9. bhammA athavA DhakkA, 10. horambhA athavA mahADhakkA, 11. bherI, 12. jhallarI, 13. dunduhi arthAt dundubhi, 14. muray arthAt muraja, 15. muiMga arthAt mRdaMga, 16. nandImuiMga arthAt nandI mRdaMga, 17. AliMga arthAt AliMgya, 18. kuTumba athavA kastumba, 19. gomuhI arthAt gomukhI, 20. maddala arthAt mardala, 21. vINA, 22. vipaMcI, 23. vallakI, 24. mahatI, 25. kacchabhI athavA kacchapI, 26. cittavINA arthAt citrAvINA, 27. baddhIsA athavA carcasA, 28. sughozA, 29. nandIghozA, 30. bhAmarI arthAt bhramarI, 31. chambhAmarI, 32. paravAyaNI arthAt parivAdinI, 33. tUNA arthAt turNa, 34. tumbavINA, 35. AmoTa arthAt Amoda, 36. jhaMjhA, 37. nakula, 38. mugaNDa arthAt mukunda, 39. huDukI arthAt huDukkA, 40 vicikkI, 41. karaDA athavA karaTI, 42. DiMDima, 43. kiNiya arthAt kiNita, 44. kaDamba athavA kanDA, 45. r3ar3ariyA arthAt dardaraka, 46. DaDDaragA arthAt dardarikA, 47. kalasiyA arthAt kalazikA, 48. maDDaya, 49. tala, 50 tAla, 51. kaMsatAla arthAt kAMsyatAla, 52. riMgirisiyA athavA susabhArikA, 53. laTiyA, 54. magarikA athavA maMgariyA, 55. suMsumArikA athavA zuzumArikA, 56. vaMsa arthAt vaMzA, saMgIta :: 705 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #715
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 57. veDu athavA veNu, 58. vAlI, 59. parillI athavA parilI, 60. vaDhDhagA athavA baddhakA / vRhatkalpa kI bhASyapIThikA meM nimna bAraha vAdyoM ke nAma Ae haiM- 1. bhammA, 2. mukunda, 3. maddala, 4. bar3ambana athavA kar3ava, 5. sallarI 6. huDuka, 7. kaMsAla, 8. kAhala, 9. talimA, 10. vaMsa, 11. paNava, 12. saMkha / haribhadra kI I. 11 kI Avazyaka vRtti meM nimna carmavAdyoM kA ullekha hai- bhammA, mukunda, karaTikA, talimA ityAdi / sUyagaDaMga meM nimna do vAdyoM kA ullekha hai - 1. kukkaya vINA 2. vaNupalAsIya vAdya / inameM se dUsarA vAdya vaMza ke kASTha se nirmita kiyA jAtA thA aura vAma hasta meM pakar3akara phUtkAra ke sahAre dakSiNa hAtha kI aMguliyoM se bajAyA jAtA thA / vRhatkalpa bhASya meM kAnha vAsudeva kI caturvidha bherI kA ullekha hai - 1. komudikA, 2. saMgAmiyA, 3. dumbhuiyA, 4. asivopasaminI / ina bheriyoM ko alaukika guNoM se yukta mAnA jAtA thA / asivopasiminI ke bajAe jAne para roga nivAraNa hotA hai, aisI laukika mAnyatA thI / ina bheriyoM kA nirmANa prAyaH candana ke kASTha se kiyA jAtA thA, zaMkha kA upayoga paryaTaka sAdhu mahAtmAoM ke dvArA kiyA jAtA thaa| gaMgAtIra nivAsa karane vAle vAnaprastha tAvasa arthAt tApasa zaMkhadhamaga tathA kUladhamaga kahalAte the| laukika mAnyatA meM zaMkha, bherI tathA nandItUra kA vAdana zubhAzaMsaka mAnA jAtA thA / bherI vAdya kA upayoga janatA ko kisI ghaTanA kI sUcanA dene ke lie lokotsavoM para tathA yuddha ke avasara para kiyA jAtA thA / jaina kAla meM brAhmaNoM ke mahattva ko kama karane tathA varNAzramoM ke bandhanoM ko tor3ane kA prayatna kiyA jAne lagA / phalasvarUpa saMgIta para brAhmaNoM kA jo eka mAtra adhikAra thA, vaha aba sarva-sAdhAraNa ke hAthoM meM pahu~ca gayA / zUdra evaM anya pichar3e varga ke logoM meM bhI kalAtmaka cetanA kA AvirbhAva hone lgaa| saMgIta kI nIMva mahAvIra svAmI ke siddhAntoM lagabhaga 600 varSa I.pU. ke siddhAntoM yathA - satyatA, pAvanatA, sundaratA, ahiMsA aura asteya para rakhI gii| isaprakAra saMgIta ke dharAtala ko punaH U~cA banAyA gyaa| isa yuga meM vINA kA pracAra pragatipUrNa thA / vINA ke dvArA dhArmika siddhAntoM kA pracAra kiyA gyaa| parivAdinI, vipaMcI, vallakI, nakulI, kacchapi ityAdi prAcIna vINAe~ pracAra meM thiiN| isa kAla meM rAjya kI ora se saMgIta kI pratiyogitAe~ bhI prAraMbha kI gaI thIM, jinameM bhAga lene ke lie koI pratibandha nahIM thaa| vijetAoM ko puraskRta bhI kiyA jAtA thaa| aisA bhI ullekha hai ki jaina yuga meM saMgIta ne apane purAne jAtIya bandhana ko tor3a diyA thaa| vaha saba ke lie sAdhanA kA mukhya viSaya bana gayA thA / una pichar3e samajhe jAne vAle varga ke logoM ne jo aba taka saMgIta ke jJAna se vaMcita rakhe jAte the, pUrA lAbha uThAnA prArambha kara diyA thA / pazu kI tRpti jaise AhAra lene aura pAnI pIne mAtra se ho jAtI hai, manuzya kI tRpti utane se nahIM hotI hai aura yadi utane se hotI hotI, to manuSya bhI pazu se Upara na uThA 706 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #716
huA hotaa| bhAva yaha hai ki manuSya bhI pazuvat hI rahA hotaa| isIlie nItizataka meM kahA gayA- sAhitya-saMgIta-kalA-vihInaH sAkSAt pazuH pucchaviSANahInaH / isIlie loka meM mAnyatA hai ki jo sUkti sunakara, gIta meM bahakara athavA bAlakoM kI ceSTAe~ dekhakara dravita nahIM hotA, vaha yA to mukta-mahAtmA hai yA pazu hai, kula milAkara bhAva yaha hai ki saMgIta kI dhvani hI manuSya ko manuSya banAtI hai aura isIlie use bhItara taka prabhAvita karatI hai, Andolita karatI hai| mahAkavi janna ne apane anantanAtha kAvya meM likhA hai ki saMgIta se patthara pighala jAtA hai, bhayaMkara sarpa bhI svara-laharI meM tanmaya hokara bar3e saumya bhAva se sira DulAne lagatA hai; puruSa pallava-adhikatA se vikasita hone lagate haiM; pazu mohita mugdha ho jAte haiM aura lagAtAra rone vAlA bAlaka zAnta ho jAtA hai, bAdala barasane lagate haiN| isalie he bhagavana! kyA saMgItAtmaka prArthanA mujhe AtmA meM tanmaya kara ApasadRz nahIM banA sktii| "kallu krguvdu| ugraphaNi solluvdu| vaNabharaM pllivipudu| eralisilakuvadu pazu mo hipdu| nillade aluva ele psule| saMtasava ne duvdu| mugilo sardu bhale garevadu / sallalite saMgItarasa ke yatraM ninnate bhADanaMta jinendr"| bhAva yaha hai ki jahA~ jainadharma meM nara se nArAyaNa banane kI bAta Atma-sAdhanA se kI gayI hai, vahIM isa Atma-sAdhanA ke mAdhyama ke rUpa meM jaina saMgItAcAryoM ne saMgIta ko bhI mAnA hai aura isIlie isa taraha ke bhAva kavi janna ne apane kAvya meM vyakta kie haiN| jaina saMgIta mAnatA hai ki prabhu kI stuti ke pada zlokamaya, chandamaya yA bhajana ke rUpa meM milate haiN| unheM bhakta jaba gAtA hai, to tanmaya ho jAtA hai| kula milAkara bhajana kI gAyana rUpa bhakti meM tanmayatA kI anubhUti hotI hai| vividha rAgoM meM gAye hue pada mana meM zAnti utpanna karate haiM aura adbhuta Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai| isa prakAra saMgIta bhakti meM sahAyaka hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki AcAryoM ne oMkAra ko parama saMgIta kahA hai| yaha oMkAra jahA~ Izvara kA vAcaka hai, vahIM Izvara ke mAdhyama paMca-parameSThi kA vAcaka bhI hai aura paMca-parameSThi ke rUpa meM virAjamAna mUla AtmA kA vAcaka hai| isalie oMkAra kI ArAdhanA parama saMgIta kI ArAdhanA hai, saMgItamaya AtmA kI ArAdhanA hai| nAbhi kendra se uThane vAlA hrasva, dIrgha aura pluta meM kiyA gayA oMkAra-rUpa-uccAraNa jahA~ brahmA, viSNu, maheza rUpa tInoM zaktiyoM kA vAcaka banatA hai, vahIM paMcAkSarI oMkAra paMca-parameSThi ke saMgIta meM bahAkara sarAbora karane vAle adhyAtma-sarovara meM DubakI lagAne vAlA bana jAtA hai| AcArya vidyAnandajI kahate haiM ki bhakti ke lie tanmayatA aura tanmayatA ke lie nAda-saundarya Avazyaka hai, nAda-saundarya kI bhAvanA saMgIta ko janma detI hai| kaisA adbhuta vicAra hai jainAcArya kA! vINA kI jhanakAra, veNukI svara-mAdhurI, mRdaMga, muraja, parNava, dardura, puSkara Adi aneka vAdya prANoM meM ekIbhAva utpanna karate haiM, ekIbhAva se dhyAna kI siddhi hotI hai aura dhyAna kI siddhi se mana, vacana kAya ekaniSTha hokara samAdhi kA anubhava karate haiN| vIra, zrRMgAra aura zAnta rasa kI anubhUti ko saMgIta se sau-gunA saMgIta :: 707 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #717
kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMgIta se cAra vyaktiyoM meM goSThIbandha hotA hai| ve milakara gAte haiM, tanmayatA anubhava karate haiN| raNabherI ko sunakara vIroM ke bhujadaMDa phaDaka uThate the, para vahI bherI kAyaroM ko bhayAkrAnta karatI thI, -yaha hai saMgIta-vidyA kA saundry| AcArya pArzvadeva apane 'saMgIta-samayasAra' meM kahate haiM ki saMgIta ke svara-zAstra meM sAta svara mAne gaye haiM aura unameM prathama svara kA nAmakaraNa Adi-tIrthaMkara ke nAma para AdhArita hai, isIlie vahA~ sAta svaroM kI gaNanA RSabha se kI gii| jaise yuga ke Adi meM RSabha se padArthoM ke jJAna kA varNana huA hai, vaise hI saMgIta ke svaroM meM RSabha ko prAthamikatA dI gyii| isalie jaina saMgIta saptasvaroM meM RSabha ko pahalA svara mAnatA hai, kyoMki RSabha svara kI utpatti meM ve hI mUla kAraNa haiM, jo tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke pitA nAbhi ke rUpa meM dikhAI dete haiN| isalie hI unhoMne kahA ki nAbhi se samudita jo vAyu hai, vaha vAyu kaNTha tathA zIrSa bhAga se samAhata hotA hai aura jaba samAhata hotA hai, taba RSabha svara kI utpatti hotI hai| yaha itihAsa-prasiddha tathya bhI hai ki RSabhadeva kI utpatti Adi-manu nAbhi se huI thii| yathA "nAbhessamuditaH vAyuH knntthshiirsssmaahtH| RSabhaM vinaded yasmAttasmAd RSabha iiritH||" ____nAdotpatti kA pratipAdana karate hue AcArya pArzvadeva kahate haiM ki svara, gIta, vAdya aura tAla ina cAroM kI utpatti nAda ke binA nahIM ho sakatI, isaprakAra sampUrNa jagat vastuta: nAdAtmaka hai aura isIlie brahmA, viSNu aura mahezvara ina tInoM hI devoM ko nAdAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| nAda ke utpanna hone kI vidhi yaha hai ki nAbhi meM brahma-sthAna hai, nAda brahma-sthAna meM vAsa karatA hai, jise brahma-granthi bhI kahA jAtA hai aura usa brahma-granthi ke kendra meM prANa sthita haiN| usa kendrastha prANa se agni kI utpatti hotI hai, para jaba agni aura maruta kA saMyoga ho jAtA hai, taba nAda utpanna hotA hai| nAda ke 'na' aura 'da' ye donoM akSara kramazaH prANa-maruta aura prANAgni ke vAcaka haiN| "nAdotpattiH ythaashaastrmidaaniimbhidhiiyte| svaro gItaM ca vAdyaM ca tAlazceti ctussttym|| na siddhayati binA nAdaM tasmAnnAdAtmakaM jagat / nAdAtmAnastrayo devA brhmaa-vissnnumheshvraaH|| nAbhau yad brahmaNaH sthAnaM brahmagranthizca yo mtH| prANastanmadhyavartosyAdagneH prANAt smudbhvH|| agnimArutayoryogAdbhavennAdasya smbhvH| nakAraH prANa ityukto dakAro vhnirucyte|| artho'yaM nAdazabdasya saMkSepAt prikiirtitH| sa ca paMcavidho nAdo mtNg-munismmtH|| AcArya pArzvadeva to yaha bhI kahate haiM ki nAda ke pA~ca bheda haiM, (mujhe lagatA hai ki ki ye pA~ca bheda hI paMcAkSarI oMkAra kI ora saMketa karate hoM) ye bheda haiM- atisUkSma, 708 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #718
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sUkSma, puSTa, apuSTa aura kRtrim| nAbhi meM atisUkSma, hRdaya meM sakSma, kaMTha meM pRSTa, sira meM apuSTa aura mukha meM kRtrima-nAda nivAsa karatA hai| kucha vidvAnoM ke mata meM zira meM apuSTa ke sthAna para avyakta nAda kA ullekha hai, parantu hama use nahIM mAnate; kyoMki vaha utpanna nahIM hai, to usakI sattA kaise?... arthAt unheM zira meM avyakta nAda kI sthiti svIkAra nhiiN| ve Age kahate haiM ki nAda se bindu kI utpatti hotI hai aura nAda se sampUrNa vAGmaya arthAt vAra-vistAra kI utpatti hotI hai| AcArya sudhAkalaza kA kathana hai- "tAnA, nAtA, natA, nantA, tenna, tennaka, tannaka, pratyeka svara meM sAta-sAta tAna haiN|" unake mUla zabda haiM "tanna tennA yaducyante tAnAste svrsNsthitaaH| AlaptizrutisaMsthAnavyayapakartAra eva te|| taanaa-naataa-ntaa-nntaa-tnn-tennk-tnnkaaH| vijJeyAste kramAt tAnAH sapta sapta svare svre||" dhruvapada/dhrupada gAyakoM kI paramparA meM ye bola Aja bhI AlApa ke AdhAra haiN| AcArya vRhaspati saMgIta-samayasAra kI apanI bhUmikA meM kahate haiM ki vimalamatiyukta sAdhaka evaM zAntacitta prAcIna jaina AcAryoM ne bhI saMgIta ko zrutipadaviSaya (guru-ziSyaparamparA ke anusAra zikSA kA viSaya) banAyA thA, unameM se eka, AcArya pArzvadeva ne kucha aise tatvoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai, jo anya AcAryoM ke dvArA anukta haiM, mahAtmA zrI pArzvadeva apane guNa-gaNa ke kAraNa prasiddha haiN| ve Age likhate haiM ki saMgIta-samayasAra meM AcArya pArzvadeva ne bharata, mataMga, dattila, kohala, AMjaneya, tumburu, bhoja, kazyapa aura yASTika jaisI sabhI ajaina mahAvibhUtiyoM ke mata ko sAdara mAnA hai, parantu unhoMne jaina dRSTikoNa ke anusAra zabda ko 'anitya' aura 'avyApaka' kahakara kohala ke mata kA pracaNDa khaNDana kiyA hai| 'bhakti ke aMgUra aura saMgIta-samayasAra' nAmaka kRti meM tIrthakara mAsikI ke sampAdaka DaoN. nemicanda jI kahate haiM-"jaina saMgIta kI apanI maulika paramparA hai| lalitakalAoM ke kSetra meM jainAcAryoM ne jo mahattvapUrNa yoga diyA hai, usase sambandhita tathya uttarottara sAmane A rahe haiN| idhara hue anusaMdhAnoM ne sthiti ko aura spaSTa va aura prAmANika banA diyA hai|... jainAcArya saMgIta-marmI itane the ki unhoMne Atma-vidyA ke sandarbha meM digambara jaina muniyoM kI vividha mudrAoM ke bar3e kalAtmaka varNana kie haiN| saMgItasamayasAra meM unhoMne apanI advitIya kalA-pratibhA ke kAraNa saMgIta kI sUkSmatAoM kI bar3I sundara vivecanA kI hai| jainAcAryoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne tapazcaryA ko bhI kalA ke pArasa se chUkara svarNa bnaayaa| jaba eka aparigrahI kalA kA Alambana letA hai, to kalA apane udAtta-vyaktitva ko bar3I vilakSaNa mudrAoM meM prastuta karatI hai| saMgIta ke isa saMgIta .. 700 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #719
zAstrIya vaibhava ko AcArya zrI pArzvadeva ke dvArA racita saMgIta-samayasAra meM AsAnI se dekhA jA sakatA hai| jainAcAryoM ne bheda-vijJAna aura samyagjJAna-kalA ke mAdhyama se muktijaisI durlabha nidhi ko sahaja hI upalabdha kiyA hai| isa prakAra jaina adhyAtma-vidyA kA kSetra kalA-virahita-kSetra nahIM hai| Atma-vidyA ke kSetra meM kalA kI kaI abhinava mudrAe~ vyakta huI haiN| AtmA ke khojiyoM ne kalA ko eka udAtta aura uttama khoja kahA hai| jaina saMgIta isakA pratyakSa udAharaNa hai| nAda saMgIta kA prANa hai| yaha nAda zabda saMskRta dhAtupATha kI nad dhAtu se niSpanna hotA hai| isakA mUla artha avyakta zabda hai| avyakta aura vyakta dhvani ke do rUpa haiN| kucha vidvAn vyakta aura avyakta ke mizrita rUpa vyaktAvyakta ko dhvani ke tIsare bheda ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiN|...pr mujhe to lagatA hai ki saMgIta kA viSaya kevala vyakta-nAda hI nahIM, avyakta-nAda bhI hai| mujhe to yaha bhI lagatA hai ki saMgIta meM vyakta nAda ke mAdhyama se kI jAne vAlI ArAdhanA ke dvArA arthAt dhvaniyoM kI ArAdhanA ke dvArA avyakta anahada nAda ko nirantara pAne kA yatna hotA hai, yaha yatna hI nAdArAdhanA hai| bhAva yaha hai ki saMgIta meM kevala vyakta dhvani kA hI adhyayana nahIM hotA hai yA honA cAhie, balki avyakta dhvaniyoM kA bhI adhyayana honA cAhie aura saMgIta ko vyaktAvyakta dhvani kA paryAya mAnA jAnA caahie| isa nAda kA mUla-sthAna manuSya ke zarIra meM nAbhi-sthAna ko, nAbhi-sarovara ko, brahma-sarovara ko, nAbhi-hRd ko mAnA gyaa| bhAva yaha hai ki isa nAbhi-sthAna ko hI, nAbhi-sarovara, tathA nAbhi-hRd kahA gyaa| isa nAbhi-sarovara meM divya kamala utpanna hotA hai, usa para brahmA kA Asana parikalpita hai| brahmA kA svarUpa caturmukha hai, unakI saMjJA prajApati hai| vahI sRSTi ke sarvaprathama chandogAyI haiN| zabda-brahma ko nada kahA gayA aura usI nada se utpanna vAk ko nAda kahA gyaa| isIlie brahmA ko nAda kA udgAtA bhI kahA gayA aura isIlie yaha bhI kahA gayA ki vahI zruti athavA zruta kA gAyana karate haiN| yaha zruta zabdAvachinna hai, ataeva utpannadhvaMzI hai, pudgaladharmA hai, parantu isa bhAvazruta kA artha viSayAvacchinna hai, anAdinidhana va nitya hai| isIlie nAda kI upAsanA brahma kI upAsanA hai, kyoMki usase tanmayatA utpanna hotI hai aura tanmayatA se jIva Atmastha hotA hai| oMkAra ko nAda arthAt brahma kA sarvocca gAna mAnA gayA hai aura isa oMkAra ko bindu se yukta mAnA gayA hai| bindu sRSTi kA parama-rahasya hai| isa oMkAra kA hI yogI nitya dhyAna karate haiM, kyoMki yaha oMkAra kAma aura mokSa donoM kA dene vAlA hai, nAda kI pratikRti hai| AcArya vidyAnanda jI kahate haiM ki nAda sphoTajanmA hai aura yaha sphoTa vyaSTi rUpa bhI hai, samaSTi-rUpa bhii| vyaSTi-nAda se uThakara sAdhaka samaSTi-nAda ko sunane kA yatna bhI karate haiM aura sunane meM yaha bhI AyA hai ki unheM anAhata nAda yA anahada nAda ke rUpa meM virATa Atma-sattA meM gUMjane vAle isa apArthiva nAda ko sunane kA saubhAgya milatA hai| yogijana 710 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #720
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ne isa anahada nAda kA anubhava varNana karate hue likhate haiM ki yaha sarvaprathama samudra-garjana, megha-stanita, bherI-rava, aura jharjhara dhvani ke samAna sunAI detA hai| madhya meM mRdala, zaMkha, ghaMTA aura kAhala se utpanna dhvani ke samAna zabda kI pratIti hotI hai aura anta meM kiMkaNi, vaMzI, bhramara aura vINA ke nikvANa-jaisI dhvani sunAI par3atI hai| isa prakAra nAnA prakAra ke zabda deha ke bhItara hI sunAI dete haiN| isa anahada nAda ke sunane meM tanmaya huA yogI sAdhaka saMsAra ke samasta paudgalika viSayoM se apane ko sahaja vimukta pAtA hai| jisa prakAra puSpa ke makaranda rasa kA pAna karane vAlA bhramara usa puSpa ke gandha kI apekSA nahIM karatA athavA jaise ghAsa caratI huI gAya ko yava-samaSTi ko dene vAlI gopAlI ke hAthoM meM racI huI meMhadI nahIM dikhatI athavA AhAra grahaNa karate hue zramaNa-muni jisa prakAra AhAra dene vAle ke maNi-kaNThAbharaNoM se nirapekSa rahate haiM, vaise hI zuddha-nAda meM ramA citta viSayoM kI AkAMkSA nahIM krtaa| isa anahada nAda ko nirantara sunate rahane se apekSita dhyAna meM ekAgratA, nirAkulatA aura zAnti kA anubhava hotA hai| jaina saMgIta yaha kahatA hai ki jarA yaha cintana kareM ki kaMTha, oSTha, mUrdhA, tAlu Adi pradezoM se uccarita hone vAlI akSarAtmaka dhvani kaMTha se pahale kahA~ thI?... uttara milegA hRdaya pradeza meN| hRdaya se pahale kahA~ thI?kRkRka uttara milegA mUlAdhAraM meM yA mUlAdhAra sthita agni vAyu meM aura usase pUrva mana meM aura mana se pahale buddhi meM aura sabase pahale AtmA meN| anusandhAna kI vIthiyoM meM praveza karatA huA cetana anta meM AtmA ko hI pA letA hai, yahI nAdopAsanA kA carama prayojana hai| isa prakAra jainAcArya vidyAnanda jI to yahA~ taka kahate haiM ki yaha bhI sApha hai ki nAda kI Arambhika sAdhanA zabda, gIta, laya, tAla, vAdya Adi kI apekSA karatI hai| so'haM ke pATha ko ghokhanA par3atA hai yA usakA anunAda karanA par3atA hai; parantu nAda ke sthUla rUpa se sUkSma kI ora calate-calate zabda Adi kA paridhAna niSprayojana ho jAtA hai aura taba yaha nAda nirgrantha athavA digambara athavA yathAjAtarUpadhara ho jAtA hai| zizira Rtu meM vRkSoM ke pattoM kI taraha isakeM bAhya upakaraNa jhara jAte haiN| zabda-samuccaya kI nirjarA ho jAtI hai aura zuddha oMkAramaya nAda zeSa raha jAtA hai aura isa avasthA meM sampUrNa para-samayoM kA anta hotA hai, vizuddha sva-samaya kI prApti hotI hai| yahA~ Ane para yaha saMgIta, yaha nAdopAsanA samayasAra kA sArthaka vizeSaNa arjita kara letI hai| isIlie nAda kA mUla-anusandhAna yA mUla-prayojana Atmasannidhi yA Atma-saMvit hai| isIlie yaha samayasAra hai, yogiyoM ke dvArA dhyeya hai| jo nAda svayaM suzobhita hotA hai, vaha svara kahalAtA hai| svara kA adhikaraNa pada hai aura vaha artha kA pratipAdaka hai yathA- 'svayaM yo rAjate nAdaH svaraH sa prikiirtitH| padaM svarAdhikaraNamarthasya prtipaadkm||' aura vizuddha-nAda kA prabhAva Azcaryajanaka hai| yaha nAda parama-pada ko dene vAlA hai| isase paramadeva jinezvara kI ArAdhanA hotI hai aura kevala ArAdhanA hI nahIM hotI hai, balki parama-pada kI prApti bhI hotI hai| aise uttama prabhAva kA saMgIta :: 711 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #721
dhAraka vizuddha-nAda zuddha sattva sajjanoM ke pavitra zarIra meM utpanna hotA hai| isa uttama nAda kI jaya ho| jainAcArya pArzvadeva kRta saMgIta-samayasAra ko par3hane se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki prAcIna yuga meM jaina sAdhuoM ko vividha kalAoM kA viziSTa jJAna thA aura inhoMne inakA mananacintana evaM AloDana karane ke bAda maulika vizleSaNa kiyA thaa| sAtha hI unheM kAvyazAstra, nATyazAstra, saMgItazAstra ke gUDha evaM sUkSma siddhAntoM evaM unake prayoga kA adbhuta parijJAna thaa| __idhara 20vIM sadI meM zramaNa jaina bhajana pracAraka saMgha ne sana 1970 meM 'susaMgIta jaina patrikA' kA prakAzana kiyaa| isameM jaina saMgIta ko lekara bar3I maulika aura khojapUrNa sAmagrI hai| vAstava meM jaina saMgIta ko lekara itanA acchA saMkalana aba taka dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| isake kaI lekha anusandhAna kI nidhi haiM- aisA tIrthakara ke sampAdaka DaoN. nemicanda jI mAnate haiN| DaoN. zrImatI hema bhaTanAgara ne zrRMgAra yuga meM saMgIta-kAvya viSaya para apane zodhaprabandha meM niSkarSa rUpa meM jaina rAga-mAlAoM kI carcA kI hai| unakA kathana hai ki jaina muni saMgIta kA jJAna bhI adhika mAtrA meM rakhate the| aisA unake granthoM kA avalokana karane se vidita hotA hai| jaise muniyoM meM rAga-mAlAe~ likhane kA bar3A pracAra thaa| kavi apane tIrthakara kA yaza varNana karate samaya rAga tathA rAginiyoM meM bA~dhakara kAvya-racanA karate the, isa prakAra jaina kaviyoM kI saMgIta-priyatA asandigdha hai|| ___ kula milAkara uparyukta carcA se tathya ye ubharakara Ate haiM ki jainAcAryoM ne jahA~ bhAratIya-saMgIta ke siddhAnta-pakSa ko saMgIta-samayasAra va saMgItopaniSatsAroddhAra Adi racanAe~ racakara samRddha kiyA, vahIM vibhinna rAga-rAginiyoM meM naye prayogoM ko lAkara prayoga-pakSa ko bhI nayI dizAe~ diiN| sabase bar3I bAta yaha hai ki jaina saMgIta ke ina mahArathiyoM ne saMgIta ke vizva- paTala para apanI alaga pahacAna rakhate hue bhI apanI samanvayAtmaka dRSTi se bhAratIya-saMgIta kI zrI-vRddhi meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhaaii| 712 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #722
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jinamandira evaM gRha-vAstu paM. sanatakumAra vinoda kumAra jaina tInoM lokoM meM jina - mandira kI sthiti anAdikAla se hai| jo ratnacUrNa, svarNa, rajata, IMTa, patthara va kASTha Adi se nirmita batAe gaye haiM tathA jinameM bhagavat sarvajJa, vItarAga kI pratimAe~ rahatI haiM, ve caityAlaya arthAt jinamandira haiN| ye do prakAra ke haiM- 1. kRtrima jinAlaya, 2. akRtrima jinAlaya / kRtrima jinAlaya jo deva, vidyAdhara aura manuSyoM dvArA banavAe jAte haiM, ye kRtrima caityAlaya manuSyaloka meM hI hote haiM / akRtrima jinAlaya jo kisI ke dvArA banavAe gaye nahIM hote haiM, prAkRtika, zAzvata aura anAdianidhana hote haiN| ye akRtrima caityAlaya cAroM prakAra ke devoM ke bhavana, prAsAda va vimAnoM tathA sthala - sthala para tInoM lokoM meM vidyamAna haiN| madhyaloka ke terahadvIpoM meM sthita jinacaityAlaya haiM / bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSka aura vaimAnika devoM Adi sabhI ke AvAsIya parisara meM akRtrima jinAlaya haiN| ina saba kI saMkhyA asaMkhyAta hai / akRtrima jinAlayoM kA vistAra uttama, madhyama, jaghanya ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai / utkRSTa avagAhanA sau yojana lambI, pacAsa yojana caur3I, pacahattara yojana U~cI haiN| akRtrima jinAlaya zAzvata haiM / kRtrima jinAlaya bharatakSetra, airAvatakSetra meM kAla-parivartana ke kAraNa parivartanIya haiN| bharatakSetra meM jinamandiroM kI aitihAsikatA jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM avasarpiNI kAla ke suSamA-duSamA nAmaka tIsare kAla ke caurAsI lAkha pUrva, tIna varSa, ATha mAha aura eka pakSa zeSa rahane para indra kI AjJA se utsAhI devoM ne ayodhyA nagarI ko banAyA thaa| kAlAntara meM indra ne sarvaprathama jinamandira evaM gRha - vAstu :: 713 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #723
mAMgalika kArya karake ayodhyApurI ke bIca meM jinamandira kI racanA kI thii| prathama tIrthaMkara AdinAtha bhagavAna ke janma ke pahale hI nagara, bhavana evaM dIkSAgrahaNa ke pUrva devakRta kRtrima jinAlaya kA nirmANa ho gayA thaa| manuSyakRta kRtrima jinAlaya sarvaprathama bharata cakravartI ne kailAza parvata para bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAna ke arhanta tIrthaMkaroM ke alaga-alaga jinamandiroM ke rUpa meM banavAye the| ataH lagabhaga eka kor3Akor3I sAgara pUrva manuSyoM dvArA kRtrima jinAlayoM kA nirmANa prArambha ho gayA thaa| taduparAnta cakravartI, balabhadra, mahAmaNDalezvara, maNDalezvara, mukuTabaddha rAjA, zrAvaka evaM samAja dvArA nagara, upanagara, tIrthakSetroM Adi meM mandira-nirmANa aneka prakAra se huaa| jaise-guphAmandira, bhauMhare mandira, upanagara, tIrthakSetro Adi para mandira nirmANa aneka prakAra se huaa| jaise-guphAmandira, bhauMhare mandira, bAbanajinAlaya, merumandira, samavasaraNa mandira, caubIsI jinAlaya, gRha caityAlaya aadi| 160 IsvI pUrva kuruvaMza ke rAjA khAravela ne guphAmandira kA nirmANa kaliMgadeza meM karavAyA, jo samakAlIna mandiroM meM sarvAdhika prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| vAstu aura jainAgama vAstu-vidyA tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke mukhakamala se nirgata, gaNadharadeva dvArA racita bAraha aMgoM aura caudaha pUrva meM hI samAhita hai| dvAdazAMga ke bArahaveM aMga ke pA~ca adhikAra haiM__ 1. parikarma, 2. sUtra, 3. prathamAnuyoga, 4. pUrvagata, 5. cuulikaa| cUlikA ke pA~ca bheda haiM-1. jalagatA, 2. sthalagatA, 3. mAyAgatA, 4. rUpagatA, 5. aakaashgtaa| inameM sthalagatA cUlikA 20989200 padoM dvArA pRthvI ke bhItara gamana karane ke kAraNabhUta mantra, tantra aura tapazcaraNa Adi tathA vAstu-vidyA evaM bhUmi-sambandhI zubha va azubha kAraNoM kA varNana karatI hai|" vAstuvidyA prAcInatama vidyA hai, isakI viSayavastu jainAgama sAhitya meM pracuratA se prApta hotI hai| bhagavAn AdinAtha ne apane putroM ko aneka zAstroM kA adhyayana karAyA thA, usameM anantavijaya nAmaka putra ko citrakalA ke zAstra evaM sUtradhAra kI vidyA tathA makAna banAne kI vidyA kA upadeza diyA thaa| isa vidyA ke pratipAdaka zAstroM meM aneka adhyAyoM kA vistAra thA tathA usake aneka bheda the| kalpavRkSoM ke samApta hone para AjIvikA hetu bhagavAn AdinAtha ne logoM ko videhakSetra kI paramparAnusAra SaTkarma karane kA upadeza diyA thaa| usameM zilpakarma dvArA mandira aura gRha banAne kA upadeza diyA thaa|e jainAgama meM vAstu-vijJAna kA varNana anAdi-kAla se prApta hai| mandira-vAstu jainAgama sAhitya meM akRtrima jinAlayoM ke vistAra kA kathana hai| yaha-saba vAstuzAstra , 714 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #724
ke anurUpa hI hai| caityAlaya kI lambAI se AdhI caur3AI tathA donoM ke yoga se AdhI U~cAI hai| usI prakAra dvAroM kI U~cAI se AdhI cauDAI hai| tIrthaMkara kI dharma-sabhA samavasaraNa hai, isameM deva, vidyAdhara, manuSya evaM tiryaMca sabhI upadeza sunate haiN| isakI racanA indra kI AjJA se kubera karatA hai| samavasaraNa kA nirmANa vAstuzAstra ke anurUpa hI hotA hai| jisa prakAra vAstuzAstra meM gRhasvAmI ke hAtha se nApa kara usakA vistAra grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai aura zubhAzubha ke anusAra bhavana, mandira Adi kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA hai; usI prakAra jina tIrthaMkara kA samavasaraNa hotA hai| unhIM tIrthaMkara ke zarIra kI avagAhanA ke anusAra samavasaraNa kI racanA hotI hai, jaise-samavasaraNa meM prathama dhUlizAla koTa evaM vediyoM kI U~cAI tIrthaMkaroM ke zarIra kI U~cAI se caugunI hotI hai| caityaprAsAda bhUmi, mandiroM evaM mandiroM ke antarAla meM pA~ca bhavana haiM, unakI U~cAI, bhUmiyoM ke praveza-dvAra para nATya-zAlAoM, caitya-vRkSoM, dhvaja-stambhoM, siddhArtha-vRkSoM, krIr3AzAlAoM, prAsAda, stUpa evaM bAraha sabhAoM ke koThoM kI U~cAI, tIrthaMkara ke zarIra kI U~cAI se bAraha-guNI hotI hai| sIr3hiyoM kI U~cAI, caur3AI evaM vApikAoM kI lambAI, caur3AI barAbara hotI hai| pratiSThAgranthoM meM sukha ko cAhane vAloM ko vAstuzAstrAnusAra hI mandira evaM pratimA ke nirmANa karAne kA nirdeza hai, evaM bhUmi ke zubhAzubha lakSaNa aura bhUmi-parIkSA ke aneka prakAra diye haiN| vartamAna meM vAstu ke sabhI mAnonmAna jainadharma kI trailokya sambandhi akRtrima jinAlayoM kI mAnyatAoM se prabhAvita haiM, aisA DaoN. hIrAlAla jI kA mata hai| mandira nirmANa-vidhi pratiSThApATha meM mandira-nirmANa kI tIna vidhiyA~ kahI haiM1. mandira nirmANa ke lie vargAkAra bhUmi ke paccIsa aMza pramANa bhAgakara madhya ke nava aMza meM madhya bhAga meM arhanta kI sthApanA kare, donoM pArzvabhAga meM siddha aura upAdhyAya, UrzvabhAga meM AcArya aura anya sthAnoM meM Agama, nirvANakSetra, sAdhu, maNDalavidhAna kA sthAna evaM sAmagrI kA sthAna banAnA caahie| pUrvottara dvAra yA dakSiNa dvAra, pUrvadizA meM nRtyasaMgIta kA sthAna, uttara meM svAdhyAya-kakSa, pazcima bhAga meM bhaNDAra, dakSiNa meM vidyA-zAlA evaM cAroM tarapha pradakSiNA bhUmi banAkara yantra kI taraha mandira nirmANa krnaa| 2. pUrva uttara meM bar3A dvAra, dakSiNa meM choTA dvAra madhyabhAga meM devacchada kI vedI, usameM eka sau ATha garbhagRha, inameM jinabimba, cAroM tarapha pradakSiNA, Age prekSAgRha, AsthAna-maNDapa pIche puSkariNI vApikA nirmANa kara akRtrima jinAlaya kI taraha racanA karanA caahie|" 3. pUrvottara yA uttara meM eka hI dvAra, bIca meM cauka, mahAzAntikAdi maNDala jinamandira evaM gRha-vAstu :: 715 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #725
ke Age jinabimba kI sthApanA, alaga sthAna-sUcaka vedI, tIna kaTanI Upara aNDAkAra zikhara usameM dhvajA, kiMkiNI evaM zikhara ke UparI bhAga meM jinendra-bimba zobhAyamAna kara pradakSiNA aura sarasvatI-bhaNDAra kI racanA karanA caahie| ye mandira do khaNDa, tIna khaNDa, cAra khaNDa Adi ke banAe~, kintu zikhara, dhvajA Adi Upara ke khaNDa meM bnaaveN| mandira-nirmANa vAstuzAstra ke viparIta banAye jAne para anartha kA yoga banatA hai| caityAlayoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai1. sAmAnya caityAlaya, 2. gRha-caityAlaya 1. sAmAnya caityAlaya-ve caityAlaya haiM, jo nagara, grAma, tIrtha-kSetra, nadI, parvata Adi para banAye jAte haiM, ye kRtrima aura akRtrima hote haiN| akRtrima jinAlaya tInoM lokoM meM 85697481 haiM evaM kRtrima jinAlaya asaMkhyAta hote haiN| 2. gRha-caityAlaya-ve caityAlaya haiM, jo deva, vidyAdhara aura manuSyoM ke nivAsasthAnoM meM hote haiN| akRtrima gRha-caityAlaya cAroM prakAra ke devoM ke bhavanoM, AvAsoM,vimAnoM meM zAzvata evaM asaMkhyAta hote haiN| kRtrimacaityAlaya vidyAdhara aura manuSyoM ke gRhoM meM hote haiM, jinendra-bhakta seTha ke satakhaNDA bhavana ke Upara pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kA gRhacaityAlaya thaa| bIsaveM tIrthaMkara munisuvratanAtha bhagavAn ke zAsana kAla meM sapta RSiyoM ne aMguSThapramANa jinapratimA apane gharoM meM sthApana karane kA upadeza diyA thaa|' gRha-caityAlaya evaM pratimA pUrva yA uttaramukhI karanA zreSTha hai| gRha meM praveza karate hue vAma bhAga kI ora zalya rahita Der3ha hAtha U~cI bhUmi para devasthAna banAnA cAhie, nIcI bhUmi para banAne se vaha santAna ke sAtha nicalI-nicalI avasthA ko prApta hotA jAegA arthAt usakI unnati bAdhita ho jAegI-aisA zAstrolekha hai / gRha-caityAlaya meM puSpaka vimAna AkAra sadRza lakar3I kA gRha mandira banAnA caahie| upapITha, pITha aura usake Upara samacaurasa pharza Adi banAnA caahie| cAroM koNoM para cAra stambha, cAroM dizAoM meM cAra dvAra, cAra toraNa, cAroM ora chajjA aura kanera ke puSpa jaisA pA~ca zikhara (eka madhya meM gumbaja usake cAroM konoM para eka-eka gumaTI) karanA caahie| eka dvAra, do dvAra athavA tIna dvAra vAlA aura eka zikhara vAlA bhI banA sakate haiN| garbhagRha sama caurasa aura garbhagRha ke vistAra se savAI U~cAI honA caahie| gRha-caityAlaya ke zikhara para dhvajadaNDa kabhI bhI nahIM rakhanA cAhie stUpa - jaina vAstukalA ke kSetra meM stUpa kA sthAna sarvaprathama rahA pratIta hotA hai| vastutaH jaina paurANika anuzruti ke anusAra bhI mAnavIya sabhyatA ke itihAsa meM manuSya dvArA nirmita 716 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #726
sarvaprathama vaha stUpa thA, jisakA hastinApura meM rAjA zreyAMsa ne varSopavAsI Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ko ikSurasa kA AhAra dene ke upalakSya meM pAraNA-sthala para nirmANa karAyA thaa| mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIle kI khudAI meM jisa vizAla jaina stUpa ke avazeSa prApta hue haiM, paramparAnuzruti use mUlataH devoM dvArA nirmita-huA batAtI hai| yaha jaina stUpa bhArata deza kA sarvaprAcIna jJAna-stUpa hai| stUpa kA nirmANa-kAla IsApUrva 600 se kucha pUrva hI hai| takSazilA ke nikaTa sikarapa evaM mathurA meM jainastUpa the| akabara ke zAsanakAla meM AgarA ke sAhU ToDara ne mathurA ke 514 stUpoM kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA thA 4 guhA-mandira tIsarI-cauthI zatI IsvI se guhA-mandira astitva meM aaye| 5vIM se 12vIM zatIparyanta guhA-sthApatya kA svarNa-yuga thaa| zolApura ke nikaTa dhArAziva kI guphAe~ atyanta vizAla haiN| tinnevalI jile meM sthita kulumulu ke guhA-mandira sundara haiN| 8vIM, 10vIM zatI I. meM rASTrakUTa yuga meM ye jJAna-kendra rahe haiN| ur3IsA meM khaNDagiri-udayagiri ke guhA-mandira, bihAra ke rAjagiri kI sonabhaNDAra Adi guphAe~, madhya pradeza meM vidizA ke nikaTa udayagiri kI guphAe~, karnATaka meM zravaNavelagolastha candragiri kI, saurASTra meM jUnAgar3ha kI, mahArASTra meM bAdAmI ajantA, elorA, aihola, paTanI, nAsika, aMkaI, dhArAziva (terApura) Adi kI tathA tamilanADu meM kulumulu evaM sittanavAsala kI utkhanita guphAe~ athavA guhA-mandira jainaguhA-sthApatya ke mahattvapUrNa udAharaNa haiN| mandira kI AvazyakatA sukha kA mUla kAraNa samyagdarzana hai| yaha mokSa kA prathama sopAna hai| ise prApta karane kA eka kAraNa deva-darzana hai| mandira ke abhAva meM devadarzana nahIM ho sakatA hai, ataH zrAvaka bhagavAn kI vItarAga mudrA ke darzana se Atma-zuddhipUrvaka apanA kalyANa karate haiN| zrAvakoM ko apane dhana kA upayoga jinAgama meM kahe gaye jinabimba, jinAlaya, jinayAtrA, jinapratiSThA, dAna, pUjA aura zAstra-lekhanAdi sapta kSetroM meM karane kA nirdeza hai| isameM jinabimba aura jinAlaya banavAne kA kathana hai| jo jinamandira banavAte haiM, ve sabhI puNya karate haiN| jinabimba se zobhAyamAna jinamandira munirAjoM dvArA vandanIya hote haiN| inake darzana-vandana se bhavyajIvoM ke bhava-rUpI tApa naSTa ho jAte haiM "e navadevatAoM meM jinacaityAlaya deva ke rUpa meM pUjyatA ko prApta haiN| jinacaityAlaya hone se bhavyajIva abhiSeka, mahotsava, ghaNTA, cAmara, dhvajA Adi ke dAna se nirantara puNya-lAbha karate haiN|28 mandira hone se dhArmika utsava meM dhArmika logoM ke ekatra hone se dharma kA pracAra hotA hai| dharma ke viSaya meM utsAha bar3hatA hai| pApoM kA prakSAlana hotA hai| paMcamakAla meM zramaNoM ke Azraya-sthala aura dharmAyatana jinamandira evaM gRha-vAstu :: 717 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #727
jinamandira na hoM, to unase hone vAle satkArya nahIM ho sakate haiM arthAt jinamandirarahita grAma meM zrAvaka ko nahIM rahanA caahie| AcAryoM ne zrAvakoM ko jinamandira banavAne kA nirdeza diyA hai| jinamandira banavAne se hone vAle puNya-lAbha ke bAre meM ullekha hai ki jo manuSya dhaniyA patra ke barAbara jinabhavana aura sarasoM barAbara jina pratimA banavAtA hai, vaha tIrthaMkara pada prApta karane ke yogya puNya karatA hai aura jinhoMne vizAla jinabhavana banavAye unake puNya kA varNana karane meM kauna samartha ho sakatA hai! isa kalikAla meM jinamandira, munijanoM kA avasthAna aura dAna yahI dharma hai| ina tInoM kA mUlakAraNa zrAvaka hai| mokSamArga evaM Atma kalyANa hetu zrAvaka ko pratidina chaha Avazyaka karane ko kahA hai| jinameM pUjA prathama Avazyaka hai| pUjA ke lie jinamandira atyanta Avazyaka hai| vasatikA gRhastha ko apanA anta samaya jAnakara apane ghara yA jinAlaya meM sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA nirdeza hai| 1a usake lie sthAna ke zubhAzubha kA jainAgama meM vistRta varNana hai| jo sthAna vRkSa-patra-rahita hoM, tathA jahA~ kaNTaka bhare na hoM, vajrapAta na huA ho, sUkhe vRkSa na hoM, kaTuka-rasa vAle na hoM, dAvAnala se jala na gaye hoM, rudradeva kA mandira, pattharoM aura IMToM kA Dhera na ho; tRNa, kASTha aura patroM se bharA sthAna, zmazAna, TUTe pAtra, khaNDahara cAmuNDA Adi raudra devoM ke sthAna nIcajanoM kA sthAna evaM anya prakAra se aprazasta na hoN| aise sthAnoM para kSapaka ko nirAkulatA nahIM hotI hai| arhanta yA siddhoM kA mandira, samudra ke samIpa, kamaloM ke sarovara ke nikaTa, jahA~ dUdha vAle vRkSa hoM, puSpa phaloM se bhare hoM, udyAna meM sthita bhavana ho; toraNa-prAsAda-nAgoM, yakSoM kA sthAna ho yA anya sundara sthAna samAdhi ke lie prazasta hai| bakSapaka kI vasatikA, gAyanazAlA, nRtyazAlA, gajazAlA, azvazAlA, kumbhakArazAlA, yantrazAlA, zaMkha, hAthIdA~ta Adi kA kAma karane vAloM kA sthAna, kolika, dhobI, bAjA bajAne vAle, Doma, naTa, aura rAjamArga ke samIpa kA sthAna cAraNazAlA, patthara kA kAma karane vAle, kalAla, ArA cIrane vAloM kA sthAna, jalAzaya, mAlAkAra kA sthAna, Adi sthAnoM meM nahIM honA caahie| jisakI dIvAra majabUta ho, kapATa-sahita hoM, gA~va ke bAhara jahA~ bacce, bUDhe aura cAra prakAra kA saMgha jA sakatA ho, aisI vasatikA udyAna, ghara, guphA, yA zUnya ghara meM honI caahie| saMstara saMstara cAra prakAra ke kahe gae haiM 1. bhUmi saMstara 718 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #728
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 2. zilA saMstara 3. phalaka saMstara 4. tRNa sNstr| 1. bhUmi-saMstara kaThora ho, U~cI-nIcI na ho, sama ho, chidra-rahita ho, cIMTI Adi se rahita ho, kSapaka ke zarIra ke barAbara ho, gIlI na ho, majabUta ho, gupta ho, prakAza-sahita ho, vahI bhUmi prazasta-saMstara-rUpa hotI hai| ___2. zilA-saMstara Aga se, kUTane se, ghisane se, prAsuka ho, TUTA-phUTA na ho, nizcala ho, saba ora se jIva-rahitta, samatala evaM prakAza-yukta honA caahie| ____ 3. phalaka-saMstara saba ora se bhUmi se lagA ho, vistIrNa ho, halkA ho, uThAne lAne, le jAne meM suvidhA ho| acala ho, zabda na karatA ho, jantu rahita, chidra- rahita ho, TUTA-phUTA na ho, cikanA ho,-aisA saMstara zreSTha hotA hai|s 4. tRNa saMstara gA~Tha-rahita tRNoM se banA ho, tRNoM ke madhya meM chidra na ho, Te tRNa na lage hoM, mRdu sparza vAlA ho, jantu rahita ho, sukha pUrvaka zuddhi karane yogya ho aura komala ho, aisA tRNa-saMstara honA caahie| niSIdhikA jahA~ kSapaka ke zarIra ko sthApita kiyA jAtA hai, usa sthAna ko niSIdhikA kahate haiN| niSIdhikA ekAnta sthAna meM ho, jahA~ dUsare loga use na dekha sakeM, nagara Adi se na ati-dUra aura na ati-nikaTa honA caahie| vistIrNa ho, prAsuka ho tathA atidRr3ha ho, cITiyoM, chidroM se rahita, prakAza vAlI, samabhUmi ho, gIlI evaM jantu-rahita honA caahie| niSIdhikA kSapaka ke sthAna se naiRtya, dakSiNa yA pazcima dizA meM honA caahie| gRha-vAstu gRha aura mandira kA avinAbhAvI sambandha hai| jisakI bhIta lakar3iyoM se, chappara bA~sa aura tRNa se banatA hai, vaha gRha hai| ise vAstu kahate haiN| paM. AzAdhara jI ne dIvAroM aura bA~sa ke chappara ko gRha nahIM, apitu strI arthAt kulapatnI ko gRha kahA hai| isase hI zrAvaka aura zramaNa-dharma kI paramparA calatI hai| sukha-samRddhi ke lie zrAvaka ko apanA ghara vAstuzAstrAnusAra banAnA cAhie, kyoMki prakRti se sAmaMjasya banAkara rakhanA svastha aura sukhI jIvana ke lie Avazyaka hai| vAstuzAstra isI sAmaMjasya ko banAne evaM banAye rakhane ke bAre meM dizA-nirdeza karatA hai| zrAvaka ko apane ghara kI pUrva dizA meM zrI-gRha, Agneya meM rasoI, dakSiNa meM zayana, naiRtya meM Ayudha, pazcima meM bhojana-kriyA, vAyavya meM dhana-saMgraha, uttara meM jala sthAna jinamandira evaM gRha-vAstu :: 719 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #729
evaM IzAna meM devagRha banAnA caahie| ___ zubha gRha-jisa gRha meM vedha Adi doSa nahIM haiM, bahuta dvAra nahIM haiM, devatA kI pUjA hotI hai, atithi kA Adara hotA hai| lAla raMga kA paradA lagA ho, acchI taraha sApha-saphAI hotI ho, jahA~ choTe-bar3e bhAI Adi kI acchI taraha vyavasthA/pratiSThA ho,jahA~ sUrya kI kiraNeM praveza nahIM karatI hoM, dIpaka sadA jalatA rahatA ho, rogI puruSoM kA poSaNa hotA hai, thake hue manuSyoM kI vaiyAvRtti hotI ho, usa ghara meM lakSmI nivAsa karatI hai| aisA ghara zubha hotA hai| ___azubha gRha-devakula ke samIpa ghara hone se duHkha hote haiN| caurAhe para hone se artha-hAni, dhUrta, madirA pAna karane vAloM ke ghara ke samIpa ghara hone se putra aura dhanakSaya, jisa ghara meM anAra, kelA, berI aura bijaurA hote haiM, ve vRkSa ghara kA mUla se vinAza kara dete haiN| pIpala ke vRkSa se sadA bhaya rahatA hai| vaTa vRkSa se rAjajanita pIr3A hotI hai| Umara vRkSa se netrapIr3A, dUdha vAle vRkSa se dhananAza, kAMTe vAle vRkSa se zatru bhaya rahatA hai| ina vRkSoM kI lakar3I kA bhI tyAga kara denA caahie| isa prakAra ke gRha azubha hote haiN| ye sadA duHkha ke kAraNa hote haiN| aise gRhoM meM nivAsa karanevAle sadA duHkhI rahate haiN| ataH vAstu zAstra ke AdhAra se doSoM kA nirAkaraNa karanA caahie| vAstu kI vaijJAnikatA vAstu prakRti ke anukUla nirmANa kA vijJAna hai, jisase prakRti kI poSaNakArI zakti prApta kara mAnava uttarottara vikAsa karatA hai| vAstu meM vyakti kI prakRti (naisargika svabhAva) ke anurUpa kisa prakAra, kisa anupAta meM, kisa dizA meM, kaisA nirmANa kiyA jAe, jo usake vikAsa meM sahAyaka ho, isakA varNana hai| vAstu vijJAna manuSya va usake cAroM ora vyApta vAtAvaraNa kA adhyayana karatA hai, aura use manuSya kI zakti evaM mAnasika sthiti ke anusAra banAne meM sahAyatA karatA hai| vAstu yAni bhUmi-bhavana se jur3A eka aisA vijJAna, jisameM paryAvaraNa meM vyApta UrjAoM ke samucita upayoga dvArA sukhada va svastha jIvana ke lie vistRta vyAkhyA milatI hai| vAstuzAstra prAkRtika niyamoM para AdhArita hai, prAkRtika zaktiyoM kA santulana isakA AdhAra hai| mandiroM ke nirmANa meM vAstu zilpakAroM ne apanI buddhimattA kA bharapUra upayoga kiyaa| prAcIna paramparAoM evaM zAstroM ke AdhAra para nirmita mandiroM ne bhArata ke sAMskRtika gaurava ko sthApita kiyaa| mandira kA mahattvapUrNa pahalU usakA UrjAmaya vAtAvaraNa hai| mandira kI AkRti evaM vahA~ nirantara mantroM ke pATha kI dhvani kA parArvatana ArAdhaka ko UrjA pradAna karatA hai| jaba hama pApamaya sthAnoM meM jAte haiM, to svAbhAvika rUpa se hamAre mana meM pApa karane ke ku-vicAra Ate haiN| mandira meM isake viparIta ArAdhya prabhu ke prati vinaya, zraddhA 720 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #730
tathA zaraNAgata -jaise bhAva utpanna hote haiN| mandira kA zAnta UrjAmaya vAtAvaraNa mana kI caMcala gati ko sthiratA detA hai| anAyAsa hI hamAre mana meM bhagavAn kI bhakti, anurAga tathA unake guNa-grahaNa karane kI bhAvanA hotI hai| karmodaya aura vAstuzAstra kSetra, kAla, bhava aura pudgala kA nimitta pAkara karmoM kA udaya hotA hai| ina karmanimittoM kA prabhAva karmodaya ko prabhAvita karatA hai| karmodaya meM vAstu (gRha) bhI nimitta banatA hai| hama hamezA azubha nimitta haTAte haiM aura zubha nimitta juTAte haiN| azubha vAstu karmodaya meM azubha nimitta banatA hai, kyoMki kAraNa ke anurUpa hI kArya hotA hai|" udAsIna, preraka nimitta, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva sabhI kAraNoM ko kAryotpatti meM kAraNa mAnanA caahie| samavasaraNa meM azubha karma prakRtiyA~ zubha rUpa, narakoM meM zubha prakRtiyA~ azubha rUpa evaM svargAdika meM azubha prakRtiyA~ zubha rUpa saMkramita hokara udaya meM AtI haiM, ata: kSetrAdi kA prabhAva mana para par3atA hai, ye bhAvoM ko zuddhAzuddha karate haiM evaM karmodaya bhI bAharI pariveza se prabhAvita hotA hai arthAt vAstuzAstrAnukUla gRhoM kA nirmANa kara unameM rahane vAloM ke mana ko vizuddha banAne meM sAdhaka banAyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki kAryoM ko kAraNa hI banAte haiM aura kAraNoM meM par3I huI sAmarthya nimitta kAryoM kA upajA detI haiN|" karmoM ke udaya badale jA sakate haiN| karmoM meM saMkramaNa, visaMyojana, udIraNA, pradezodaya ho jAte haiN| madhya meM hI Ayu kA apavartana ho sakatA hai, puNya karma pApa bana jAtA hai, pApa bhI puNya rUpa ho sakatA hai| jaise-kAraNa mileMge, vaise hI kArya hoNge| nimitta-naimittika karmoM kI zakti acintya hai| udaya ke lakSaNa meM yAnI karmoM ke phala dene meM bhI dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvoM ko nimitta kAraNa svIkAra kiyA hai|" karmodaya dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva ke nimitta se hotA hai, ata: nimittoM meM parivartana kara karmodaya meM parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise lobha utpanna karane vAlI sAmagrI kA sAnnidhya TAlakara aura nirlobha kI preraNA dene vAle nimittoM kA Azraya lekara lobha ke udaya ko TAlA jA sakatA hai| vartamAna meM prApta sAmagrI ko manuSya apane puruSArtha dvArA pratikUla se anukUla karatA hai, jabaki viparIta puruSArtha se anukUlatA bhI pratikUlatA meM parivartita ho jAtI hai| vAstu-vijJAna meM aisI hI puruSArtha kriyAoM kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jisase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki upalabdha vAstu-saMracanA hamAre lie hitakara hai athavA nhiiN| yaha bhI jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki vAstu meM pratikUlasaMracanA ko kaise anukUla kiyA jaae| karmaphalAnusAra prApta vAstu-saMracanAoM ko vijJAnasammata, vAstuzAstra se puruSArthapUrvaka apane anukUla banAkara jIvana sukhI kaise banAe~?A3 vikala kAraNa se kArya nahIM hotA, kintu sampUrNa avikala kAraNoM se kArya upajatA hai| kSetra nimitta se narakoM meM para-pIr3A pahu~cAne ke vicAra hote rahate haiN| tIrthasthAna, jinamandira evaM gRha-vAstu :: 721 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #731
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir mandira, bAjAra, nATakagRha ityAdi meM zubha - azubha bhAva hote rahate haiM, arthAt pratikUla gRhoM meM bhI zubhabhAva nahIM ho pAte, nirantara kalaha, vivAda, viSAda Adi ke pariNAma hote haiM, jo karmoM ke saMkramaNa ke kAraNa banate haiM / isase gRhoM kA nirmANa vAstuzAstrAnukUla honA caahie| jo mandira vAstuzAstrAnukUla nahIM bane hote haiM, unameM pUjAdi karane para mana sthira nahIM ho pAtA, padAdhikArI kalaha karate rahate haiM / jinamandira aura gRha kI zAzvata anAdi paramparA meM bharata, airAvata kSetra kI utsarpiNI avasarpiNI kAla kI parivartanIya avasthAoM meM bhI gRha aura mandira kI akSuNNa paramparA rahI hai| jainAgama meM jahA~ mandira aura gRha ke vAstu kA ullekha hai, vahIM gRhastha evaM muniyoM ke anta - samaya meM sallekhanA, samAdhi aura zava - visarjana hetu vasatikA, saMstara, evaM niSIdhikA ke vAstu kA bhI kathana hai| inake nirmANa kA mAnonmAna akRtrima caityAlaya evaM videha kSetrAdi kI zAzvata karmabhUmiyoM meM gRhAdikoM ke mAna ko pramukha rakhA gayA hai / vAstuzAstra ke pratikUla nirmANAdi karane ke viparIta pariNAmoM kA bhI jainAgama meM ullekha hai| bharatakSetra kI parivartanIya karmabhUmi ke prArambha meM kulakaroM ke mArgadarzana meM gRhAdikoM kA nirmANa hotA hai / isa karmabhUmi ke prArambha meM kulakaroM evaM prathama tIrthaMkara ne bhI gRha, mandira Adi kI saMracanA, avadhijJAna ke dvArA videhakSetra Adi kI vyavasthA ke anusAra nirdeza diye the evaM vAstu, jyotiS, kalA, zilpa, nRtya, gIta, gaNitazAstra Adi lokopakArI vidyAoM kA upadeza diyA thA / ye saba jainAgama dvAdazAMga ke aMga haiM / inake anusAra hI kArya karanA arthAt vAstuzAstrAnusAra hI gRha - mandira Adi kA nirmANa karanA zreyaskara hai| vAstu-vidyA lokopakArI vidyA hai, isakA apanA mahattva hai / aneka AcAryoM ne vAstuvidyA ke ullaMghana na karane kA nirdeza diyA hai| sandarbha 1. dRSadiSTakA kASTAdiracite zrImadbhagavatsarvajJavItarAga pratimAdhiSThitaM caityagRday / --bodhapAhuDa TIkA 8, 76, 13 2. jainendra siddhAnta koza bhAga 2 pR. 300 kSullaka jinendra varNI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana 1990 3. tiloyapaNNatti sattamo mahAhiyAro gAthA 114 pRSTha 269 zrI yativRSabhAcArya TIkA 105 AryikA vizuddhamati mAtAjI prakAzaka - prakAzana vibhAga zrIbhAratavarSIya digambara jaina mahAsabhA 1984 4. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 2, pRSTha 303, 304 5. trilokasAra, naratiryaglokAdhikAra, pRSTha 749 zrI nemIcandra siddhAntacakravartI, vyAkhyAkAra zrI mAdhavacandra traividyadeva, hindITIkA 105 AryikA vizuddhamati mAtAjI prakAzaka - sAhitya bhAratI prakAzana gannaura sonIpata hariyANA 6. AdipurANa, sarga 12, pRSTha 264, AcAryajinasena, sampAdaka, anuvAdaka - paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka- bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1993, caturtha saMskaraNa 7. AdipurANa (AcArya jinasena), sarga 12, pRSTha 255 8. AdipurANa (AcArya jinasena), sarga 16, pRSTha 359 722 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #732
9. pratiSThA pATha (AcArya jayasena), zloka 17, pRSTha 6, vasuvindu aparanAma AcArya jayasena, prakAzaka-hIrAcandra nemIcandra dozI solApura, vIra nirvANa saMvat 2452 10. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 2, pRSTha? 11. dhavalA pustaka 1 pRSTha 113, bha. puSpadanta bhUtavalI, zrI vIrasena svAmI kRta dhavalA TIkA, prakAzaka-jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA, san 1980 12. AdipurANa, bhAga 1, (AcArya jinasena), sarga 16, zloka 122 pRSTha 357 12e. AdipurANa, bhAga 1, (AcArya jinasena), sarga 16, zloka 182 pRSTha 362 13. trilokasAra naratiryaglokAdhikAra pRSTha 749 gAthA 978 14. trilokasAra naratiryaglokAdhikAra pRSTha 732 se 862 15. pratiSThAsAroddhAra, pRSTha 2, zloka 17, paM. AzAdhara, anuvAdaka-paM. manoharalAla zAstrI, prakAzaka-jaina grantha uddhAraka kAryAlaya, vikrama saMvat 1974 16. pratiSThA pATha (AcArya jayasena) zloka 134se 136 pRSTha 33 17. pratiSThA pATha (AcArya jayasena) zloka 137 pRSTha 34 18. pratiSThA pATha (AcArya jayasena) zloka 138 se 141 pRSTha 34, 35 19. jJAnapITha-pUjAMjali, pRSTha 4, 5 / bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dasavA~ saMskaraNa, san 1997 ___maMgalASTaka-jyotiraya'ntara bhAvanAmaragRhe.... 20. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra adhyAya 1, zloka 20, pRSTha 52, svAmI samantabhadrAcArya, saMskRta TIkA-zrI prabhAcandrAcArya, hindI TIkA-paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka-vItarAga vANI TrasTa TIkamagar3ha ma. pra. 21. padmapurANa sarga 92 zloka 76 zrI raviSeNAcArya, sampAdaka-anuvAdaka-naM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, san 1978 22. zrAvakAcAra, saMgraha, bhAga 3, umAsvAmI zrAvakAcAra zloka 98, 99, pRSTha 160 23. vAstusAra 3, prAsAda prakaraNa parama jaina candrAMgaja Thakkura pheru, anuvAdaka aura sampAdaka paM. bhagavAnadAsa jaina, prakAzaka-AcArya jJAnasAgara vimarza kendra vyAvara, rAjasthAna, zloka 63 se 68 pRSTha 149, 150 24. yuga-yuga meM jaina dharma, pRSTha 56, DA. jyotiprasAda jaina prakAzaka-prAcya zramaNa bhAratI, mujaphpharanagara, 25. yuga-yuga meM jaina dharma pRSTha 58 26. dhavalA pustaka 6, 1, 9, 9, 10, 430 27. zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga 2, dharmopadeza pIyUSavarSa zrAvakAcAra, zloka 217, pRSTha 484, sampAdaka, anuvAdaka paM. hIrAlAla jaina zAstrI, siddhAntAcArya, prakAzaka-jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha solApura-2 san 2001 27e. jJAnapITha-pUjAMjali, pRSTha 8-9, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dasavA~ saMskaraNa san 1997 dRSTASTakastotram-dRSTaM jinendrabhavanaM bhavatApahArI..... 28. zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga 2, dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra, zloka 81-82, pRSTa 159 29. zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga 2, sAgAra dharmAmRta zloka 37 pRSTha 12 30. zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga 1, vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, zloka 481-482, pR. 475 zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga 3, padmanandi paMcaviMzatikA, zloka 22, pRSTha 438 31. zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga 3, padmanandi paMcaviMzatikA, zloka 6-7, pRSTha 427 jinamandira evaM gRha-vAstu :: 723 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #733
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 31a zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga 1, vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, zloka 271, pRSTha 451 31ba. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayI TIkA gAthA 557 se 561 31sa. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayI TIkA gAthA 632 se 642 31da. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayI TIkA gAthA 1962 se 1964 pRSTha 766, 67 AcArya zivakoTi racita prakAzaka- zrI ema. esa. jaina (adhyakSa) zrI nirgrantha granthamAlA samiti 2008 39. kaundeya kaumadI pRSTha 57 40. kaundeya kaumadI pRSTha 78 32. dhavalA 14, 5-6, 41, 39, 3 33. zrAvakAcAra - saMgraha bhAga 2 sAgAra dharmAmRta zloka 59 pRSTha 16 34. zrAvakAcAra - saMgraha bhAga 3 umAsvAmI zrAvakAcAra zloka 112, 113 pRSTha 162 35. zrAvakAcAra - saMgraha bhAga 4 kundakunda zrAvakAcAra zloka 94, 97, 102, 105 pRSTha 81, 82 36. vAstu vijJAna, saMkalana sampAdana - paM. sanatakumAra vinodakumAra jaina, prakAzaka- - devendrakumAra abhiSekakumAra jaina bijalIvAle 1/6001 kabUlanagara zAhadarA dillI 37. rAjavArtika adhyAya 8 sUtra 3 pRSTha 454 prakAzaka - dulIcandra bAkalIvAla yUnivarsala ejensIja, deragA~va AsAma 38. kaundeya kaumadI, pRSTha 46, paM. mANikacandrajI kaundeya vA vyaktitva kRtitva prakAzaka1008 candraprabha digambara jaina atizaya kSetra prabandha samiti deharA tijArA mArca 2005 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 724 :: jainadharma paricaya 41. kaundeya kaumadI pRSTha 83 42. jaina darzana meM nizcaya aura vyavahAra-naya- eka anuzIlana, pR. 160, DaoN. ratanacandra jaina bhopAla prakAzaka- pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI, san 1997 43. vAstu cintAmaNI, AcArya devanandI jI mahArAja, pRSTha 4, prakAzaka - zrI prajJAzramaNa digambara jaina saMskRti nyAsa, nAgapura, san 1998 44. AdipurANa, sarga 16, zloka 125, pRSTha 357 For Private And Personal Use Only -

Page #734
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobaithong vAstu DaoN. rAjendra jaina jaina mAnyatAnusAra vAstu vAstu zabda kI vyutpatti saMskRta ke 'vas' dhAtu se huI hai, jisakA zAbdika artha hai, nivAsa kI bhUmi / "prakRti aura mAnava meM sahI sambandha sthApita karane kI sthApatya-kalA kA nAma vAstu hai" vAstukalA ke siddhAnta prAkRtika paristhitiyoM evaM bhaugolika sthiti ke anusAra nirmita hue haiM / vAstu eka vyavasthA hai, jo sUrya kI kiraNoM, cumbakIya taraMgoM evaM gurutvIya AkarSaNa ke anusAra kArya karatI hai| vAstu bhUmi aura bhavana se jur3A eka aisA vijJAna hai, jisameM vAtAvaraNa meM vyApta UrjAoM ke samucita upayoga dvArA sukhada va svastha jIvana ke lie vistRta vyAkhyA milatI hai / samUcI sRSTi UrjA ke saMvahana-cakra se calatI hai, yahA~ taka ki mAnava kA zarIra bhI UrjA ke vazIbhUta hai| isI prakAra jamIna, ba~gale, phasaleM, kArakhAne, vidyA kendra, audyogika pratiSThAna para, usa jamIna kI UrjA-saMvahana kA sukha-kAraka yA duHkhakAraka prabhAva par3atA hai| ina UrjAoM kA parIkSaNa evaM dizAgata UrjA ke jJAna kA nAma hai vAstu aura isa zilpakalA ke zilpI ko "vAstukAra" kA nAma diyA gayA hai| jaba hama eka cumbaka ko paryAvaraNa meM ghumAte haiM, to usameM vidyut taraMgeM paidA hotI haiM, ThIka isI prakAra pRthvI bhI cumbaka pratIka hai, cumbaka ghumAne para paryAvaraNa meM cumbakIya kSetra nirmita hotA hai, jo ki mAnava zarIra para sukhakAraka va dukhakAraka asara DAlatA hai / prAkRtika UrjAe~ gRhoM kI gati dvArA prApta hotI haiM / ye UrjAe~ do prakAra kI hotI 1. brahmANDIya UrjA (Cosmic Energy) 2. bhUgarbhIya UrjA (Geopathic Energy) pratyeka gRha kA apanA UrjA-puMja hotA hai, isakA sIdhA prabhAva mAnava jIvana para par3atA hai| bhUgarbha meM aneka gaisa, Thosa, drava khanijoM kA bhaNDAra hai| __ jIvana para par3atA hai| bhUgarbha meM aneka gaisa, Thosa, drava khanijoM kA bhaNDAra hai| jinameM nirmita UrjA caTTAnoM ke bIca kI darAroM se evaM jamIna ke andara bahane vAlI vAstu :: 725 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #735
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jaladhArAoM se pRthvI kI UparI sataha para AtI hai, jisakA prabhAva pRthvI para nirmita bhUkhaNDa, bhavanoM tathA kArakhAnoM para par3atA hai, isa UrjA ko bhUgarbhIya UrjA kahate haiN| jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra tIrthaMkara bhagavanta ke mukhakamala se nirgata gaNadhara deva dvArA racita 12 aMga evaM caudaha pUrva meM se dRSTivAda nAma ke bArahaveM aMga ke pA~ca bheda meM sthalagatA ke antargata vAstu-vidyA evaM tantra-mantra kA varNana hai, jisake 2,09,89,200 pada haiN| bhagavAna AdinAtha kI ayodhyA nagarI bhI devoM ne vAstu ke anusAra hI basAyI thI, jisameM jAti, varNa-vyavasthA evaM dizA ke anusAra nagara ko basAyA gayA thaa| cakravartI ke 14 ratnoM meM eka ratna sthapati (bhUmi aura makAna banAne kI kalA) thaa| jaba bhagavAna yoganirodha kriyA karate haiM, taba mukha sirpha pUrva yA uttara dizA kI ora karate haiM / bhagavAna AdinAtha ne apane putra anantavIrya ko vAstu kA jJAna diyA thA, tabhI se yaha vidyA pracalita hai / anAdikAla se manuSyoM evaM devoM dvArA jinamandira evaM samavasaraNa kI racanA hotI rahI hai, jisakA ullekha tiloyapaNattI, trilokasAra, jambUdIva saMgaho Adi prAcIna granthoM meM hai| jisase siddha hotA hai ki jabase sRSTi hai, jaina dharma hai, tabhI se vAstu - vidyA hai| vAstu ko prabhAvita karane vAle mUla - ghaTaka : mUlataH vastu evaM vAstu ko cAra ghaTaka prabhAvita karate haiM : dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva / dravya vAstu se abhiprAya hai ki bhUmi kraya karane meM vyaya kI jAne vAlI rAzi kI gunnvttaa| guNavattA se tAtparya hai, nirmANa meM upayoga hone vAlI pU~jI / jaise katlakhAne, camar3A vyApAra, pesTIsAIDa phekTrI Adi hiMsAtmaka tarIke se kamAyA gayA dravya zubha kAryoM (jaise- dharmAyatana, santa-nivAsa tathA AvAsa Adi ke lie bhI) meM lagAne para azubha phaladAyI hotA hai / kSetra vAstu se abhiprAya bhUmi ke guNadharma se hai / jisa kSetra kA cayana karane jA rahe haiM, vaha bhUmi paoNvaraphula hai yA nahIM, usameM koI nakArAtmaka UrjA yA zalya to nahIM hai| sAmAnya zabdoM meM bhUmi kI dazA kA vAstavika jJAna karanA hI kSetra vAstu hai / kAla vAstu se abhiprAya hai, cayanita bhUmi para kArya zubhArambha karane kA zubha muhUrta / yU~ to samudra meM vidyamAna sIpa meM pAnI kI bU~da sadaiva hI giratI hai, parantu svAti nakSatra meM girI huI bUMda motI kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai / isI prakAra zubha muhUrta meM kiyA gayA kArya sadaiva hI nirvighna aura zubha phaladAyI hotA hai| bhAva vAstu se abhiprAya hai, zilpI ke nirmANa karate vakta bhAvoM kI pradhAnatA / agara nirmANa karane vAle zilpI ke bhAva zuddha hoM aura vaha santuSTa ho, to kArya sucAru rupa se sampanna hotA / ataH zilAnyAsa ke samaya sarvaprathama zilpI kA TIkAkaraNa vastra aura mudrA ke dvArA karanA cAhie / 726 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #736
vAstu va vastu (Building Material)-bhavana vAstu ke nirmANa meM prayukta kI jAne vAlI sAmagrI para sUrya-kiraNoM kA sIdhA prabhAva par3atA hai / jaise--prAcIna kAla meM miTTI ke makAna banAye jAte the, jo-ki sarvazreSTha hote the, kAraNa yaha hai ki miTTI ArdratA ko avazoSita kara vASpIkRta kara detI hai tathA vAyu ke samparka meM Akara vAyu meM upasthita vibhinna rogANuoM ko samApta karatI hai evaM tApamAna ucita banA rahatA hai, jisase nivAsa-kartA kA mana zAnta rahatA hai, jo-ki dharma-ArAdhanA meM sahAyaka hai / ___ ghara kI chata, phlora, dIvAra meM koTA sTona, saiNDa sTona evaM siremika TAilsa kA prayoga kara sakate haiM / bhUlakara bhI ghara meM grenAiTa, mArbala, kAlA patthara Adi kA prayoga nA kareM, kyoMki yaha sUrya kI lAbhakArI kiraNoM ko bhI hAnikAraka kiraNoM meM parivartita kara dete haiN| ve ghara (pakke makAna) jinameM kA~krITa, sImenTa plAsTara, penTa, vArniza tathA pI.vI.sI. Adi kA bharapUra prayoga hotA hai, ve svAsthya ke lie hAnikAraka siddha hote haiN| jina bhavanoM (kacce makAna) meM patthara, miTTI, IMTa, reta, cUnA, mArTara, lakar3I Adi kA prayoga hotA hai, ve bhavana saura evaM brahmANDIya UrjAoM ke sucAlaka hote haiM tathA nakArAtmaka UrjAoM ko niSkAsita kara dete haiN| prAcIna kile, mandira, pASANa (saiNDasTona) se nirmita kiye jAte the, jisake pIche mukhya tathya yaha thA ki, pASANa meM bArIka-bArIka (adRzya) chidra hote haiM, jo ki sUrya kI UrjA ko andara taka pahu~cAne meM sakSama hote haiM / bhavana kI dIrghAyu hetu ina pASANoM ko isa taraha se samAyojita kiyA jAtA thA ki eka nara aura dUsarA mAdA patthara Apasa meM milAkara lagAye jAte the| AkarSaNa ke siddhAnta ke kAraNa ye hajAroM varSa taka eka dUsare se jur3e rahate haiN| raMga- vibhinna raMgoM kA hamAre tana-mana para bhinna-bhinna prabhAva par3atA hai| raMgoM kA cayana vyakti kI rAzi evaM vAstu sthAna ke upayoga para nirbhara karatA hai| jaise zayanakakSa zukra graha kA pratinidhitva karatA hai, ata: usameM zukra se sambandhita raMga kA hI cayana kiyA jAnA caahie| jaise ki gulAbI, baiMganI evaM sapheda rNg| isI taraha rasoI ghara kI Antarika sajjA meM halkA pIlA, nAraMgI evaM sapheda raMga kara sakate haiM / baiThaka-kakSa meM pistA, halkA pIlA tathA adhyayana-kakSa meM halkA pIlA, halke nIle raMga kA upayoga kareM; parantu ghara meM kahIM bhI kAlA, maTamailA aura bhUre raMga kA prayoga nA kareM, kyoMki ye sabhI raMga zani aura rAhu-ketu ke pratIka haiM, jo- ki mana ko udvigna karate haiN| ____ bhUmi cayana (Land Selection)- AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI ne aSTAMga-nimitta meM "bhUmi-nimitta" batAyA hai, jisameM bhUmi ke prakAra aura guNa-dharmoM kA varNana hai / sAmAnyataH vAstu meM dizA ko hI mahattva diyA jAtA hai / jabaki yathArtha yaha hai ki dizA se kahIM jyAdA bhUmi kI antardazA mahattva rakhatI hai| bilkula vaise hI, jaise mAnava kI UparI saMracanA se jyAdA mahattvapUrNa usakI antara-AtmA yA AbhA-maNDala hotA hai| vAstu meM vAstu :: 727 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #737
dizA kA mahattva to hai, kintu dazA kA mahattva usase kahIM jyAdA hai| bhUmi kI dazA kA kisI bhI nirmANa kArya meM 70 pratizata yogadAna hotA hai, jabaki UparI saMracanA arthAt dizA vinyAsa mAtra 30 pratizata prabhAva DAlatI hai / dizA vinyAsa yadi bAharI vAtAvaraNa ko prabhAvita karatA hai, to dazA-vinyAsa Antarika bhUgarbhIya saMracanA evaM bhUmi-gata UrjA ko prabhAvita karatA hai / bhUmi kA cayana, kArya-vizeSa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA jAtA hai / dhArmika kAryoM ke lie zAnta tathA nivAsa ke lie prazasta bhUmi kA cayana kiyA jAtA hai / isI prakAra dharmagranthoM meM to yuddha ke liye nirdayI, niSThura bhUmi ke cayana kA varNana AyA hai / jaba mahAbhArata kA yuddha huA, to bhUmi-cayana ke liye zrIkRSNa ne usa bhUmi ko cunA, jahA~ mA~ ne siMcAI ke lie jala ko rokane hetu nahara meM miTTI ke badale apane bacce ko lagA diyaa| bacce kI mRtyu hone ke uparAnta binA kisI kheda ke svayaM hI bacce ko jamIna meM gAr3ha diyA / zrIkRSNa jI ne yahI bhUmi yuddha ke lie sarvottama mAnI, jahA~ mA~ kI mamatA bhI svArtha kI bali car3ha gaI, yahI jagaha "kurukSetra" kahalAtI hai / bhUmi kI antardazA mAnavIya saMvedanAoM para gaharA prabhAva DAlatI hai / bhUmi cayana karane kI kaI vidhiyA~ haiM, jinameM se pA~ca pramukha haiM : 1. bhautika vidhi (Physical Method)- rasa, gandha, varNa, svara evaM ghanatva ke AdhAra para bhUmi kA cayana kiyA jAtA hai| 2. rAsAyanika vidhi (Chemical Method)- bhUmi meM upasthita tattva ke AdhAra para bhUmi kA cayana kiyA jAtA hai / 3. bhaugolika vidhi (Geographic Method)- bhUmi kA utAra-car3hAva, nadIpahAr3a Adi kI sthiti ke AdhAra para bhUmi kA cayana kiyA jAtA hai| 4. yAntrikIya vidhi (Mechanical Method)- yAntrika upakaraNoM (lecara eMTinA) ke dvArA bhUmi kI UrjA kA parIkSaNa kiyA jAtA hai| . 5. DAujiMga vidhi (Dousing Method)- isa vidhi meM vyakti apanI saMvedanazIlatA ke mAdhyama se bhUmigata UrjA kA jJAna karatA hai| ___ bhUmi kA cayana bhinna-bhinna jAti ke lie bhinna-bhinna hotA hai| | varNa | raMga | svAda | gandha brAhmaNa | sapheda | mIThA | ghI kSatriya | lAla | kasailA| rakta vaizya | pIlA | khaTTA | tela | kAlA | kar3avA machalI 728 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #738
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir jo bhUmi sparza karane para grISma Rtu meM zItala tathA zIta Rtu meM uSNa mahasUsa hotI hai vaha bhUmi zreSTha hotI hai / ghI, dUdha, dahI ke svAda vAlI bhUmi nivAsa athavA dharmAyatana ke yogya hotI hai / jisa miTTI kI gandha kesara, mogarA, gulAba, kevar3A, candana-jaisI ho, usa bhUmi ko bhI zreSTha bhUmi kI upamA dI gaI hai / raMgoM ke AdhAra para harI-pIlI sapheda raMga kI bhUmi sukha-zAnti evaM samRddhi- pradAtA hotI hai| jisa bhUmi meM Izvara kA dhyAna karane athavA mAlA japane meM mana ekAgra banA rahe, vaha bhUmi UrjAvAna hotI hai / isake viparIta yadi mana kI ekAgratA bhaMga ho yA Izvara-bhakti meM vighna Ae yA uccATana, ho to nizcita taura para vaha bhUmi zApita, bAdhita yA nakArAtmaka hai| jaba taka isa bhUmi kI nakArAtmakatA kA nidAna na hogA, taba taka nirmANa kArya prArambha na kreN| rAsAyanika vidhi meM miTTI kI dazA kA jJAna karane ke lie cAroM dizAoM aura vidizAoM se miTTI ekatrita karake ATha kaToroM meM pRthak-pRthak DAleM, sAtha hI pratyeka kaTore meM pA~ca-pA~ca grAma sindUra DAleM / yadi ghola kA raMga lAla banA rahe, to bhUmi uttama hai aura yadi kisI kaTore ke ghola kA raMga kAlA ho jAe, to usa sthala para nakArAtmaka UrjA utpanna karane vAlA koI bhI tattva bhUmi meM vidyamAna hogaa| isI prakAra ke AThoM dizAoM, vidizAoM meM gAya ke ghI dIpaka jalAkara parIkSaNa kiyA jAtA hai| jisa sthala para nirmANa karanA hai yA nivAsa sthAna banAnA ho, usa bhUmi kA DhalAna uttara, pUrva yA IzAna kI tarapha ho, to bhUmi sukhadAyI hotI hai / yadi DhalAna Agneya koNa kI tarapha ho, to agni kA bhaya rahatA hai / yadi DhalAna dakSiNa kI tarapha ho, to mRtyutulya kaSTa hotA hai / naiRtya kI ora ho, to gRha-svAmI ko saMkaTa ke bAdala chAye rahate haiM / vAyavya kI tarapha ho, to corI kA bhaya, pazcima kI tarapha ho, to zoka utpanna karAtI hai / grAma, nagara, mohallA, mahala, ghara, mandira Adi kA nirmANa vahA~ kareM, jahA~ nadI uttara-pUrva meM tathA pahAr3a dakSiNa-pazcima meM ho / yaha samasthiti siddhAnta (Iso stacey Principal) kahalAtA hai| gRha-nirmANa isa taraha kareM ki uttara-dakSiNa dizA kI lambAI jyAdA ho, jisase pRthvI ke cumbakIya prabhAva se samparka banA rhe| dhyAna rakheM ki jo bhUmi U~cI-nIcI ho yA vakrIya ho yA darAreM par3I ho, baMjara ho, sA~pa yA cUhoM kA bila ho, zApita, bAdhita yA pIr3ita ho, vaha bhUmi nivAsa-yogya nahIM hotI hai / jahA~ pahale kabhI maraghaTa, yamaghaTa, katlakhAnA, aspatAla yA pulisa thAnA rahA ho usa bhUmi para kadApi mandira yA gRha-nirmANa nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki racanA to dhvasta kI jA sakatI hai, parantu vargaNAe~ sadaiva vidyamAna rahatI haiM / isake sAtha hI bhUmi kI urvaraka kSamatA bhI bhUmi parIkSaNa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rakhatI hai / jisa bhUmi meM saptadhAna (gehU~, jau, tila, sarasoM, brIhI, zAla, mUMga) DAlane para sAta divasa taka anukUla vAtAvaraNa meM aMkurita nA vAstu :: 729 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #739
ho, aisI bhUmi ko adhama bhUmi samajhA jAtA hai| bhUmi kI UrjA mApane kI DAujiMga paddhati meM bhUmi cayanakartA apane hAthoM meM ela (L) zepa kI do kaoNpara rADeM lekara naMge paira calatA hai| raoNDa kI ghUmane kI tIvratA ke AdhAra para bhUmi kI UrjA kA jJAna hotA hai tathA bhUmi meM chipI huI ajJAta vastue~ jaise khanija sampadA, jala, isake alAvA, bhUmi meM chipI zalya, kaMkAla va anya negeTivapaoNjiTiva UrjA utpanna karane vAle tattva khoje jAte haiN| hAlAMki yaha paddhati sadiyoM purAnI hai| phira bhI Azcaryacakita karane vAlI hai| maiM svayaM eka DAujara hU~ aura isa vidhi se 200 se adhika sthaloM para kaMkAla (haDDiyA~) nikAla cukA hU~, jinameM se 9 jaina mandira sammilita haiM / yahI nahIM manuSyoM kA AbhA maNDala evaM svAsthya kA parIkSaNa bhI isa vidhi se kiyA jA sakatA hai| vAstu evaM zuddhIkaraNa vidhi- cayanita bhUmi kI UparI parata jo-ki bAharI vAtAvaraNa se dUSita rahatI hai, use lagabhaga 3 phITa se lekara 5 phITa taka khodakara alaga kara deM / bhUmi ko samasta nakArAtmaka UrjA evaM duSprabhAvoM se mukta karane hetu bhUmi meM pArA ropita (Inject) kreN| pArA jamIna ke kSetraphala evaM nakArAtmaka UrjA ko AdhAra mAnakara havA ke pravAha kI dizA meM bhUmi meM ddaaleN| nizcita taura para kucha hI dinoM meM samasta nakArAtmaka UrjA palAyana kara jaaegii| jaise hI pArA bhUmigata hotA hai, vaha vaise hI bhUmi ke samasta vikAroM ko naSTa kara detA hai, kyoMki pArA eka bubhukSu dhAtu hai| ___ bhUmi ke "garbha-vinyAsa" (zilAnyAsa) kA vAstu meM bar3A mahattva hai| zilAnyAsa zreSTha muhUrta, zubha mAsa, pakSa, nakSatra, lagna, dina va grahoM kI zuddhi ke AdhAra para kareM / garbha-vinyAsa meM cA~dI kA nandAvarta svAstika avazya DAleM evaM tAmra pAtra meM cA~dI, tAMbA, pArA kA svAstika paMcaratna, cA~dI kA savA rupayA, jar3a dhAnya auSadhi evaM savA kilo gAya kA ghI rakheM, jisase bhUmi ratnaprabhA va ghRtatulya sugandha vAlI ho jaavegii| - nirmANa kArya prArambha karane se pUrva vAstu-rajisTrI (bhUmi meM nivAsarata devatAoM se nirmANa kI AjJA) avazya karAyeM / vAstu ke 49 arghya car3hAkara vidhivat tarIke se kalaza dIpa sahita sthira lagna aura candra svara meM sthApita kreN| dhyAna rakheM ki zilAnyAsa ke gaDhDhe ko Dhakate vakta dIpa prajvalita rahe jisase Apake gRha vAstu kI jyoti jIvanta hogii| zilAnyAsa ke uparAnta zilpI kA tilakakaraNa vastra aura mudrAe~ dekara kareM / bhUmi yadi nivAsa ke lie taiyAra karanA ho, to usa bhUmi para sAta divasa taka prathama janane vAlI gAya ko bachar3e sahita sevA kI jAye / jaba gAya bachar3e ko vAtsalya (cATatI hai) karatI hai, to usake mukha se jo lAra bhUmi para giratI hai, usase bhUmi vAtsalyamayI ho jAtI hai / jisase nivAsakartAoM meM Apasa meM prema, sneha, vAtsalya banA rahatA hai| yadi bhUmi vANijya, vyApAra hetu taiyAra karanA ho, to zilAnyAsa ke gaDDhe 730 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #740
meM evaM IzAna koNa para vRSakopa (jahA~ baila apanA sIMga mAratA hai) miTTI DAleM, jisase vyApAra meM kabhI kamI nahIM aayegii| jisa bhUmi para dharmAyatana, ArAdhanA-kakSa, sAdhanA-kakSa taiyAra karanA ho, usa bhUmi para bhagavAna ke nirvANa-sthala (sammeda zikhara) kI miTTI ddaaleN| bhUmi ko UrjAvAna banAne hetu zilAnyAsa se pUrva bhUmi para 11,000 bhUmi jAgaraNa mantra, zAnti mantra evaM vardhamAna mantra kI jApa gAya ke ghI kA dIpaka jalAkara kreN| nirmANa meM khudAI, IzAna se prArambha kareM evaM bharAI naiRtya koNa se kreN| nirmANa meM IMTa aura patthara kI jur3AI hamezA nara va mAdA IMTa aura patthara ko jor3akara kareM, jisase vaha lambe samaya taka jur3e rheNge| ____ rasoI ghara- gRha vAstu meM sabase mahatvapUrNa aMga hai rasoIghara, rasoIghara UrjA kA vaha kendra hai, jisake dvArA ghara kA hara sadasya UrjA prApta karatA hai evaM bhAvanAtmaka rUpa se jur3atA hai| sahI dazA evaM dizA meM nirmita rasoI ghara mAnasika evaM zArIrika sthiti ko anukula banAne meM parama-sahayogI hotA hai| rasoI ghara bhUkhaNDa ke Agneya koNa (SE) para isa prakAra nirmita kareM ki usa sthala para samucita havA evaM prakAza kA intajAma ho, jisase sUrya kI alTrAvAyaleTa kiraNoM ke prabhAva se bhojana rogANu mukta ho jAye / bhojana taiyAra karate vakta gRhiNI kA mukha pUrva kI tarapha honA cAhie / rasoIghara Agneya meM banAnA yadi sambhava nA ho to vAyavya (NW) meM bhI banA sakate haiM parantu kisI bhI avasthA meM IzAna (NE) evaM naiRtya (SW) meM nA banAyeM / IzAna kA banA rasoIghara mAnasika trAsa va naiRtya meM banA rasoIghara gRhasvAmI ko saMgharSa karA sakatA hai| rasoI ghara ke kSetraphala ke anupAta kA dhyAna rkheN| dhumra Aya kA kSetraphala banAnA caahie| 8 la. 4 cau. -- zeSa 2 bace rasoI ghara Agneya (SE) koNa para banAnA cAhie, kyoMki dina ke pUrvArdha meM sUrya kI alTrAvaoNyaleTa kiraNoM kI pracuratA rahatI hai, jisakI upasthiti meM bhojana banAne vAle kA mana-mastiSka prazasta banA rahatA hai| bhojana meM vastra-zuddhi ke sAtha-sAtha bhAva-zuddhi (suvicAra, merI bhAvanA par3hate hue) ke sAtha bhojana taiyAra kareM, to bhojana svayameva hI svAdiSTa bana jAtA hai / rasoIghara meM pleTaphArma kAle patthara kA na banAyeM, kyoMki kAle patthara meM sUkSma jIva jaise cIMTI Adi dikhAI nahIM par3ate / sAtha hI kAlA raMga kRSNalezyA kA pratIka hai, jo rAhu-zani kA dyotaka hai / pIlA, lAla (lAkhA grenAiTa), sapheda, grIna patthara lagA sakate haiM, parantu phlora para mArbala (CaCo3) nA lagAyeM, varnA ghuTanoM meM darda banA rahegA / pleTaphArma para Aga aura pAnI dUra-dUra rakheM / vAstu :: 731 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #741
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org donoM tattva Apasa meM zatru haiM, jisase vicAroM meM bhinnatA va kleza azanti banI rahegI / rasoIghara ke ThIka sAmane yA pAsa meM zaucAlaya nahIM honA cAhie, anyathA hamAre dvArA visarjita rogANu hamAre khAdya-padArthoM para baiThakara rogoM kI utpatti karA deMge / rasoI ghara meM sepTika TaiMka, pAnI kI TaMkI, gaDhDhA nahI honA cAhie, varanA mahilAoM ko haDDI aura nasoM meM pIr3hA banI rahegI / rasoIghara kI dIvAla kA raMga halkA pIlA, nAraMgI athavA sapheda rkheN| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zayana kakSa - zayana kakSa ghara kA vaha mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, jahA~ sAre dina kI thakAna ArAma pAtI hai| nidrA hara vyakti va vanaspati ke lie Avazyaka hotI hai| hama apane jIvana kA eka tihAI samaya zayanakakSa meM hI vyatIta karate haiN| zayana karane kI zailI kA bhI eka vaijJAnika AdhAra hai| galata vidhi se kiyA gayA zayana kupaca, blaDa prezara, tanAva, mAigrena Adi kI vajaha bana sakatA hai| agara hama zayana karane se pUrva kucha bAtoM kA dhyAna rakheM, to ina samasyAoM se mukta ho sakate haiN| gRha-svAmI kA zayana kakSa bhUkhaMDa ke naiRtya meM (SW) koNa para banAnA cAhie, kyoMki yaha sthAna sthira tathA ArAmadAyaka hotA hai / yaha kakSa sabhI kakSoM meM bar3A evaM ucita AkAra-prakAra kI banAvaTa kA honA cAhie tathA dhyAna rahe ki palaMga lakar3I kA hI ho, kyoMki, lakar3I uSNa evaM komala hone ke sAtha-sAtha vidyuta kI kucAlaka bhI hotI hai| zayanakakSa meM palaMga isa taraha lagAe~ ki leTate samaya paira uttara dizA yA pazcima dizA kI ora hoM, lekina bhUlakara bhI paira dakSiNa meM na kreN| mAnava zarIra bhI eka cumbaka kA pratirUpa hai, jisameM sira uttarI dhruva kA dyotaka mAnA gayA hai, jaba hama sira dakSiNa dizA meM rakhate haiM, to viparIta dhruva hone se AkarSaNa paidA hotA hai aura acchI gaharI nidrA AtI hai| palaMga ke ThIka sAmane zaucAlaya kA praveza dvAra na ho tathA na hI palaMga ke Upara bIma ho aura na hI ovarahaiDa TaiMka ho, anyathA hArTa aTaika jaisI bImAriyoM kI sambhAvanA bar3ha jAtI hai / agara sambhava ho, to zaucAlaya (WC) kA nirmANa zayanakakSa ke sAtha na kareM, kyoMki yaha negeTiviTI kA pramukha kendra hai| prAcIna vAstugranthoM meM zaucAlaya kI vyavasthA kA varNana kahIM nahIM hai, jisase siddha hotA hai ki loga zauca hetu ghara ke bAhara jAyA karate the, parantu Aja ke pariveza meM yaha sambhava nahIM hai / ataH kama-se- -kama aTaica zaucAlaya (WC) kA nirmANa na karAe~ / 732 :: jainadharma paricaya zayana kakSa meM palaMga ke samIpa svica borDsa, Tebala laiMpa, mobAila yA kampyUTara Adi na rakheM, kyoMki vidyut cumbakIya taraMgeM kakSa meM phaila jAne se nIMda evaM mana kI ekAgratA bhaMga ho jAtI hai, jisase svAsthya para duSprabhAva par3atA hai| zayanakakSa meM For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #742
yuddha, aparAdha, azAnti, Akroza kA citraNa karatI huI koI bhI peMTiMga na lagAe~ tathA palaMga ke sammukha darpaNa na lagAe~, kyoMki darpaNa zarIra kI sabhI UrjAoM ko parAvartita kara detA hai| zayana-kakSa meM kabhI vRkSa kI chAyA nahIM par3anI cAhie, anyathA zayana karane vAloM ko sAiTikA, oNrtharAiTisa tathA slipa-Diska hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai aura yadi palaMga ke pIche khir3akI yA daravAje hoM athavA e.sI. yA kUlara hoM, to kamaradarda banA rahatA hai| ___ gRhasvAmI ke zayanakakSa ke alAvA baccoM kA adhyayana-kakSa pUrva, IzAna athavA uttara dizA meM banAnA cAhie tathA gesTarUma vAyavya (NW) meM honA cAhie aura choTe bhAI-bahanoM kA kakSa dakSiNa yA pazcima dizA meM honA caahie| ___ vAstu va svAsthya - sUrya kI kiraNeM mAnava-jIvana para sIdhA prabhAva DAlatI haiN| sUryodaya ke samaya alTrAvaoNyaleTa aura inphrAreDa kiraNoM kA hamArI tvacA, bhojana aura rasoIghara, zayana-kakSa, ArAdhanA-kakSa kI Antarika vyavasthA para sakArAtmaka prabhAva par3atA hai| subaha ke samaya madhumeha ke rogiyoM ko ghUmane kI salAha isalie dI jAtI hai, kyoMki subaha sUrya kI kiraNoM meM viTAmina DI kI pracura mAtrA rahatI hai| Agneya (SE) dizA meM taiyAra rasoI se kIr3e phaphUMda, jIvANu Adi ke utpanna hone, Thaharane kI sambhAvanA bAkI dizAoM kI tulanA meM kAphI-kama rahatI hai| isake viparIta dopahara ke samaya nikalane vAlI kAsmika kiraNeM isa hada taka duSprabhAva DAlatI haiM ki mahilAoM meM hone vAle stana kaiMsara aura skina kaiMsara jaise asAdhya rogoM kA kAraNa banatI haiM, kyoMki dopahara ke samaya ina kiraNoM kI tIvratA meM badalAva A jAtA hai| ucca zaktizAlI vidyuta lAIna (High Tension Line) ke nIce nivAsa, vyApAra, vidyAlaya rahane se nivAsakartA ko kaiMsara roga hone kI sambhAvanA bar3ha sakatI hai, sIr3hI ke nIce zaucAlaya, janareTara Adi kI vyavasthA na kareM, anyathA bhUkhaMDa kA santulana bigar3a jaaegaa| ghara kI nAlI coka rahane se aneka asAdhya rogoM kI utpatti hotI hai| bhUmi meM yadi pAnI kA bahAva galata dizA meM ho athavA pAnI kI TaMkI se lagAtAra pAnI bahatA ho, to damA, TIbI- jaisA roga hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| bhUmi kA vAyavya koNa kaTA huA ho, to blaDaprezara, sardI-jukAma, mUtra vikAra ho sakatA hai| bhUkhaMDa meM naiRtya dvAra ho, to gRha-svAmI lambI bImArI kA zikAra ho sakatA hai, parantu yadi dakSiNa bhAga meM kuA~ ho, to gRha svAmI bImAra banA rhegaa| hara vyakti ke lie usake zarIra va mana ke AdhAra para hara dizA sahI nahIM hotI hai| usa vyakti vizeSa ko pUrNa rUpa se samajha lene ke bAda hI usake lie upayukta dizA kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai aura isake lie jarUrI hai ki usa vyakti kI vAstu :: 733 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #743
sAiklojIkala va phijiyolaoNjikala prakriyAoM ko samajha jaae| sabhI dizAoM va koNoM meM vizeSa lakSaNa va manovaijJAnika bhAva pAye gye| uttara vAyu-pravAha cumbakIya va ThaMDA sakArAtmaka UrjA va ekAgratA se paripUrNa pazcima ArAmadAyaka kSetra AdhyAtmika UrjA | sakArAtmaka UrjA va | ekAgratA se paripUrNa | pUrva gurutvAkarSaNa bala saura UrjA kA srota kA bala sthira ArAmadAyaka va zAnti kSetra | sUrya kI jalatI huI | alTrAvaoNyaleTa kiraNeM garmI va tanAva dakSiNa ArAdhanA kakSa-"ArAdhanA kakSa adhyAtma va vyavahAra kA vaha bejor3a saMgama hai, jo hameM zAnti ke sarovara meM DubakI lagAne kI kalA sikhAtA hai|" dharma ArAdhanA hetu mana kI ekAgratA parama Avazyaka hai| ataeva jahA~ hama ghara meM pratyeka kArya hetu vizeSa sthala niyakta karate haiM, vahIM Izvara-bhakti -jaise pavitra kArya hetu zAMta, svaccha, UrjAvAna kSetra kA cunAva bhI ati-mahattvapUrNa hai| ArAdhanA hetu IzAna dizA sarvottama hai| yaha devasthAna mAnA jAtA hai| sAtha hI pRthvI kA jhukAva IzAna kI ora rahatA hai, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa yaha kSetra vizeSa UrjA ekatra karatA hai, jo mana kI ekAgratA ke lie sahayogI hotI hai| ataeva IzAna koNa para kI gaI bhakti tathA svAdhyAya mana ko sukha zAnti pradAna karAne vAlA hotA hai| isa kakSa ko UrjAvAna banAne hetu IzAna koNa para pUrNa bharA huA maMgala-kalaza vidhi-vidhAna pUrvaka sthApita kareM evaM apane iSTadeva va guru kI phoTo uttara va pUrvAbhimukha lagAe~ evaM svayaM ArAdhanA-jApa karate samaya mu~ha uttara evaM pUrva dizA meM rkheN| kakSa kA raMga saMyojana pIlA, nAraMgI, sapheda rakheM, kyoMki ye raMga guru-graha ke haiN| kakSa ke phlora para mArbala lagA sakate haiN| kakSa kI alamArI uttara-pUrvAbhimukha ho, lekina dhyAna rakheM ki use kabhI khulI na chodd'eN| kakSa kA dvAra uttara yA pUrva dizA meM hI rkheN| jisa kSetra para sAdhanA, mantra, jApa, bhakti lambe samaya taka kI jAtI hai, vahA~ eka vizeSa UrjA-puMja nirmita hotA hai, jisase ghara ko sakArAtmaka UrjA prApta hotI hai| 734 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #744
mahattvapUrNa tathya jisa prakAra manuSya nAsikA ke mAdhyama se zvasana kriyA karatA hai, usI taraha bhavana bhI mukhya dvAra ke dvArA zvAsa letA hai| ataH mukhya dvAra ucita sthAna para, bheda rahita, susajjita honA caahie| bhUkhaMDa ke nau barAbara hisse meM se cauthe sthAna para mukhya dvAra kA nirmANa karanA caahie| mukhya dvAra para dahalIja avazya honA caahie| dahalIja (caukhaTa) ke nIce cA~dI kA tAra, svAstika evaM cA~dI kI mudrA avazya ddaaleN| bhUkhaMDa ke brahma-sthala para koI gaDDA, kuA~ yA besameMTa na bnaaeN| bhUkhaMDa ke IzAna koNa para kuA~, boriMga athavA rikta sthAna chor3eM, jisase vahA~ sUrya kI lAbhakArI kiraNeM saMcita rheNgii| bhavana yA bhavana ke samIpa dUdha vAle, kAMTe vAle vonasAI vRkSa na lagAe~, kyoMki ye sabhI vikAsa kI gati meM avarodhaka-dyotaka haiN| / ghara meM caitya vRkSa pIpala, vaTa, kadamba, kelA, anAra aura nIbU ke vRkSa kadApi na lgaaeN| ghara ke praveza-dvAra para raMgolI, svastika, mAMgalika pratIka (aSTamaMgala) avazya lgaaeN| ghara meM UrjA bar3hAne hetu nitya jinendra deva kI ArAdhanA kareM evaM mAha meM eka bAra gAya ke ghI ke 48 dIpaka se bhaktAmara kA pATha avazya kareM, isase ghara kI sArI nakArAtmaka UrjA palAyana kara jaaegii| ghara ke IzAna koNa ko hamezA saMrakSita, saMvardhita karake rakheM, kabhI koI azuddha (zaucAlaya) sthala kA nirmANa na kreN| bhUmi kI azuddhiyoM, vighna va vyantara bAdhAoM ko dUra karane ke lie zamI kI lakar3I abhimantrita karake jamIna meM gAr3a deM, sabhI amaMgaloM ko naSTa kara siddhi detI hai| vAstu, Izvara dvArA pradatta varadAnoM ko apane jIvana meM AtmasAta karane kI preraNA dekara sukhada ehasAsa utpanna karAtA hai| vAstu ke siddhAnta pratyeka deza kI bhaugolika sthiti ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna hote haiN| vAstu aise bhavana kA sRjana karatA hai, jo prAkRtika UrjAoM se otaprota hote haiM aura isa prakAra kI UrjAe~ bhavana meM sva-cAlita prakriyAoM kA sRjana karatI haiN| gRha-saMyojana se lekara jIvana- saMyojana taka prakRti kI vibhinna zaktiyA~ bhinna-bhinna bhAgoM meM bhinna-bhinna vAtAvaraNa kA sRjana karatI haiM, parantu yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki pratyeka vyakti kA AbhAmaMDala sarvatra eka-jaisA mahasUsa kre| pratyeka vyakti ke mastiSka kI kArya-zailI, bhAvanAe~, vyavahAra yahA~ taka ki akArikI (Physiology) pRthak hotI hai| ataH yaha mAnanA ki vAstu pratyeka vAstu :: 735 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #745
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vyakti para sama-prabhAva DAlatI hai, galata hai| vAstu meM dizA tathA dazA ke sAtha-sAtha janma patrikA evaM mUlAMka kA vizeSa mahattva hai yA yU~ kahA jAe ki vAstu jyotiSa ke binA adhUrA hai| donoM kA samanvaya vAstu ko sampUrNatA pradAna karatA hai| vAstu kA samucita samAyojana jIvana ko sAMsArika tathA AdhyAtmika kAryoM ko karane ke lie UrjA pradAna karatA hai| isIlie jaina zAstroM meM vizeSakara kahA gayA ki vAstu vyavasthita jIvana jIne kI kalA kA nAma hai| sandarbhita grantha-sUcI 1. vAstusAra prakaraNa zrI Thakkura pherU dvArA (san 1372) meM racita evaM paMDita bhagavAnadAsa jaina dvArA anuvAdita 2. prasAda maMDana zrI Thakkura pherU dvArA (san 1372) meM racita evaM paMDita bhagavAnadAsa jaina dvArA anuvAdita 3. (Waves, Optics and electromagnatics) R.K. Singh, M.C. Shaha, A. K. Shrivastava (Wieley Estern Ltd. Delhi) 4. Colour Therapy (Healey with colour) R.B. Amber, Firma KLM Ltd. Kolkata 5. Engineering Material S.C. Rangwala, Charotar Pub. House, Anand 6. bRhatsaMhitA DaoN. sureza mizra, raMjana pablikezana, dillI 7. samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra (vAstuzAstrIya bhavana-niveza) DaoN. dvijendra nAtha zukla, meharacanda lachamanadAsa pablikezana, naI dillI 8. pratiSThA pATha AcArya jayasena 9. pratiSThA sAroddhAra paM. AzAdharajI 736 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #746
videzoM meM jainadharma pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina jainadharma aura usake dhArmika granthoM kI mAnyatA hai ki jainadharma anAdinidhana hai aura usakA mUla utsa bhAratavarSa hai| kuchakoM kI mAnyatA hai ki jisa prakAra Aryadharma bAhara se AyA, vaise hI AryoM ke sAtha jainadharma bhI; para isa mAnyatA ke pakSa meM bahuta koI Thosa AdhAra nahIM hai| hA~, aise pramANa jarUra milate hai ki jainadharma bhAratavarSa taka hI sImita nahIM rahA, vaha videzoM meM bhI gyaa| aba savAla yaha hai ki jainadharma ke sUtra jo videzoM meM gaye ve kisa-kisa rUpa meM gye| Aja se lagabhaga cha: hajAra varSa pahale uttara bhArata kA mahAnagara kAlI baMgA, sarasvatI mahAnagara ke taTa para basA huA thA aura vaha AtmamArgI anu-janapada kI rAjadhAnI thaa| yahA~ jainadharma kI bahuta prabhAvanA thii| isake antargata rAjasthAna kA gaMgAnagara jilA aura usake Asa-pAsa kA kSetra AtA thaa| misra, sumera aura anya dezoM ke jahAja taTIya parivahana mArga se bhArata Ate the| ve canhudar3o, mohanajodar3o aura kAlIbaMgA se vyApAra sAmagrI aura yAtriyoM ko lAte-le jAte the| bhArata ke ina dezoM ke sAtha vyApArika evaM sAMskRtika rizte the| zrI gokula prasAda jI ullekha karate haiM ki anya janapada ke jainAcArya onasI the, ve darzana, jaina tattvArtha jJAna, artha vyavasthA aura rAjya vyavasthA Adi meM pAraMgata the| ___ lagabhaga 4700 varSa pUrva sumera kSetra (sumeriyA) AtmamArga kA anuyAyI thA vahA~ bhI jainadharma kI bahuta prabhAvanA thii| janapada paddhati (prajAtAntrika cunAva paddhati) para AdhArita sumeriyA kA ati prasiddha saMnyAsI jana-rAjana gilagameza thaa| vaha lagabhaga 4700 varSa pahale sumera kSetra se bhArata AyA thA aura bhArata ke sabase bar3e jIvana mukta saMnyAsI jaina AcArya uttama pITha se Atma mArga aura Atma siddhi kA jJAna aura AcAra sIkha kara gayA thaa| sumera kSetra ke loga tatkAlIna jainAcArya uttama pITha ko utanA pIsTana ke nAma se Aja taka yAda karate haiN| __ itihAsa meM aise ullekha milate haiM ki jaba-jaba saMgrAma hue yA dharmayuddha hue to kabhI AryoM ne jainoM para AkramaNa kiyA to kabhI AryoM ne bauddhoM, para to kabhI bauddhoM ne jainoM para, to kabhI bauddhoM ne AryoM para aura jaba-jaba isa prakAra ke dharmayuddha hue to lAkhoM dharmI mAre videzoM meM jainadharma :: 737 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #747
gye| lAkhoM ko apane deza-vatana ko chor3akara kahIM sudUra jAkara apane prANa bacAne par3e aura isa prakAra ve sAre vizva meM palAyana kara gye| jinake ora-chora kA kucha patA nahIM hai ki ve kaba kahA~ se gye| jaba ve bAhara gaye to apane sAtha apanI saMskRti bhI le gaye, apanA dharma bhI le gye| hA~ yaha bAta jarUra hai ki unameM se kitane apanI saMskRti ko bacA sake, kitane apane dharma ko aura unameM se bahuta aise bhI gaye, jo jahA~ gaye ve vahA~ kI dharma aura saMskRti meM aise vilA gaye ki kahIM se bhI unake mUla dharma aura saMskRti kI pahacAna sambhava nahIM hai| kucha ne apanI mUla saMskRti aura dharma ko bacAye rakhA, kucha ne kucha badalA aura kucha ne dUsaroM para apane dharma aura saMskRti ke prabhAva chor3e aura prabhAva chor3ate hue dUsaroM ko aMgIkAra kara liyaa| Aja ina saba sUtroM kA lekhA-jokhA hamAre pAsa nahIM hai| isake bAda pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra ke yuga meM jainadharma kA punarutthAna huA aura deza meM jaina bAhulya 16 mahAjanapada sthApita hue| inasAiklopIDiyA oNpha varlDa rilIjansa ke vikhyAta lekhaka zrI kItha ke anusAra veriMga, jalaDamarUmadhya se lekara grIna laiNDa taka sAre uttarI dhruvasAgara ke taTavartIya kSetroM meM koI aisA sthAna nahIM hai, jahA~ prAcIna zramaNa saMskRti ke avazeSa na milate hoM aura ye avazeSa soviyata yUniyana ke sAiveriyA ke beriMga jalaDamarUmadhya se phinalaiNDa, laipalaiNDa aura grInalaiNDa taka phaile hue haiN| ve kahate haiM ki vahA~ yaha saMskRti prAcIna kAla se nirantara kama-adhika rUpa meM vidyamAna thI, lekina bAda meM IsAI dharma ke pracArakoM ne ise pUrI taraha se naSTa kara diyaa| usa dharma ke zramaNa saMnyAsI yA to mAre gaye yA unhoMne AtmahatyA kara lii| aise bhI aneka avazeSa milate haiM jo yaha kahate haiM ki sAiberiyA ke turka jAtiyoM se calakara yaha dharma turkistAna (TarkI) aura madhya eziyA ke anya dezoM-pradezoM meM phailaa| dUsarI ora isa saMskRti ne maMgoliyA, tibbata, cIna aura jApAna ko prabhAvita kiyaa| RSabhadeva aura unakI saMskRti paramparA meM hue 23 anya tIrthaMkaroM dvArA pravartita mahAn zramaNa saMskRti aura sabhyatA kA uttara se dakSiNa aura pUrva se pazcima taka sampUrNa bhArata meM pracAra-prasAra prAgvaidika kAla meM hI ho gayA thaa| sarvaprathama to yaha saMskRti bhArata ke adhikAMza bhAgoM meM phailI aura taduparAnta vaha bhArata kI sImAoM ko lAMghakara vizva ke anya dezoM meM pracalita huI aura antatogatvA usakA vizvavyApI pracAra-prasAra huA tathA vaha saMskRti kAlAntara meM yUropa, rUsa, madhya eziyA, laghu eziyA, maisopoTAmiyA, mistra, amerikA, yUnAna, baibIloniyA, sIriyA, sumeriyA, cIna, maMgoliyA, uttarI aura madhya aphrIkA, bhUmadhya sAgara, roma, IrAka, arabiyA, ithopiyA, romAniyA, svIDana, phinalaiMDa, thAIlaiMDa, jAvA, sumAtrA, zrIlaMkA Adi saMsAra ke sabhI dezoM meM phailI tathA vaha 4000 IsA pUrva se lekara IsA kAla taka pracuratA se saMsAra bhara meM vidyamAna rhii| isa zramaNa saMskRti 738 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #748
aura sabhyatA kA utsa bhArata thaa| bhArata ke aitihAsika utkhanana se hameM jo sAmagrI prApta huI hai, usameM RSabha kI kAyotsarga mudrA kI mUrtiyA~ tathA sira para paoNca phaNa vAlI supArzvanAtha kI pASANa mUrtiyA~ to milI hai, kintu yajJa kI sAmagrI kI pratilipiyA~ aura yajJa kuMDa Adi nahIM mile| isase aisA lagatA hai ki prArambha meM janatA mUrti upAsaka to thI, para yajJa dharmI nahIM thI aura bAda meM kucha kevala mUrti upAsaka raha gaye, kucha kevala yajJa karmI aura kevala mUrti upAsaka va yajJa karmI bhI bana gye| kula milAkara Aja sampUrNa vizva se jo hameM aitihAsika sAmagrI milatI hai, usase videzoM meM jainadharma kI nimna sthitiyA~ dekhane ko milatI haiM: 1. jainadharma se AkRSTa hokara jo loga jainadharma kI jIvana paddhati ko yahA~ se sIkha kara gaye usake AdhAra para unhoMne apane yahA~ jaina dharma phailaayaa| 2. jo loga vibhinna yuddhoM, kalahoM ke kAraNa apane mUla sthAna se uchinna hokara gaye unake dvArA bhI jainadharma se sambandhita pratIkoM ko videza kI dharatI para pahu~cAyA gyaa| 3. madhyottara kAla meM jaina dhArmikoM meM bahutere vyApAra pradhAna ho gaye aura ve AjIvikA ke nimitta, vyApAra ke nimitta videzoM meM gaye aura vahA~ unhoMne apanI dharma saMskRti kI rakSArtha dharma pratIka bnaaye| 4. kucha jaina parirAjaka bhI apane vRjana karma ke daurAna sudUra cale gaye aura unhoMne janatA meM jainadharma ke saMketoM ko/pratIkoM ko sthApita kiyaa| videzoM meM jainadharma zIrSaka para vicAra karate samaya Aja savAla yaha bhI uTha sakatA hai ki hama videza kise maane| prAcIna kAla ke bhArata se bAhara ke dezoM ko videza mAne yA unheM mAnate hue vRhattara bhArata ke una dezoM ko bhI videza meM gine jo Aja ke bhArata se bAhara haiN| yA phira kevala bRhattara bhArata ke bAhara ke dezoM ko videza meM gineN| kula milAkara ina tInoM prakAra ke sthAnoM meM hama jise bhI videza mAne, usa videza meM jainadharma ke sUtra milate haiN| para eka bAta khAsa hai ki jainadharma yA jaina anuyAyI jahA~ bhI gaye, vahA~ unhoMne apanI alaga pahacAna banAe rakhate hue bhI anya dharmoM para AkramaNa kA mArga kabhI nahIM apnaayaa| hA~, kucha ne apanI pahacAna banAne ke lie saMgharSa jarUra kie para ve saMgharSa apanI astitva kI rakSA ke lie the dUsaroM para AkramaNa ke lie nhiiN| isalie jahA~ bhI saMsAra meM jaina dharmAnuyAyI rahe, usa deza ke rAjanaitika va sAmAjika vyavasthA ko svIkArate hue unhoMne bar3e sAmya bhAva se apanI dharma aura saMskRti kI yathA sambhava rakSA kii| isalie aise sUtra kahIM se nahIM milate ki jainoM ke dvArA dharmayuddha haye hoN| kyoMki ve mAnate haiM ki agara AtmA kA sAmyabhAva naSTa huA to Atmadharma hI nahIM bacegA aura jaba Atmadharma hI nahIM bacegA to na yaha loka ThIka se raha pAyegA aura na agalA lok| kula milAkara saMketa to pUre vizva se kisI na kisI rUpa meM jainadharma ke milate haiM para usakA mUla utsa nirvivAda videzoM meM jainadharma :: 739 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #749
rUpa se bhArata rahA hai| isa lambI yAtrA meM dharma kI mukhya aura upa paramparAe~ bhI deza-kAla aura paristhiti ke anusAra badalI hai| jainadharma ke vaizvika sandarbha ke adhyayana ke lie DA. kAmatA prasAda jaina kI digambaratva aura digambara muni va zrI gokula prasAda jaina kI videzoM meM jainadharma kRti dekheN| __ vartamAna meM, jainadharma vaizvika sandarbho para vicAra kareM to hamAre sAmane amerikA, aphrIkA, yUropa, siMgApora Adi ke bhU bhAgoM para phaile jainadharma ke rUpa najara Ate haiM, jinapara pRthaka saMkSipta Alekha diye jA rahe hai| 740 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #750
aphrIkA meM jainadharma DaoN. devendra jaina videzoM meM jainadharma ke vistAra kA lekhA-jokhA karate samaya hameM do binduoM para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai| prAcIna itihAsa ke avalokana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki jainadharma ke vicAroM evaM avadhAraNAoM kA videzoM meM acchA pracAra-prasAra thaa| prArambhika zatAbdiyoM meM, jainadharma na kevala bhArata meM, apitu vizva kI samRddha prAcIna sabhyatAoM meM pahu~ca banA cukA thaa| dUsare bindu para vicAra karate samaya hama Adhunika itihAsa para dRSTi rakhate haiN| Adhunika itihAsa ke adhyayana se phalita hotA hai ki Adhunika yuga meM jainoM kA videzoM meM pravAsita honA hI pramukha hai| vyApAra aura vANijya dvArA tIvragati se dhanopArjana karane ke uddezya se jainoM ne videzoM meM pravAsa karanA prArambha kiyA hai| Adhunika samaya meM jainoM kI mahattvapUrNa upasthiti aphrIkA meM kendrita rahI hai| kucha prAcIna sandarbho ko chor3a deM, to aphrIkA meM jainadharma kucha sImA taka bhAratIyoM ke aphrIkA meM Agamana se jur3A huA hai| aphrIkA meM bhAratIyoM kA Agamana anubandhita zramika ke rUpa meM san 1860 se prArambha huA hai| anubandhita zramika kI vicAradhArA aMgrejI sAmrAjya kI eka vyavasthA thI, jo ki gulAmI ke vikalpa ke rUpa meM prArambha kI gayI thii| gulAmI prathA kI samApti san 1833 meM samagra aMgrejI sAmrAjya meM huii| isake sAtha hI bhAratIyoM ke aphrIkA meM pravAsita hone ke pazcAt bhAratIyoM ne vyApAra evaM vANijya meM kuzala hone ke kAraNa, vyApArika vistAra ke lie aphrIkA meM pravAsita honA prArambha kiyaa| isI krama meM jainoM ne, mukhyatayA vyApAra evaM vANijya ke uddezya se aphrIkA meM pravAsita honA prArambha kiyaa| san 1896 meM pahalI bAra jainoM ne aphrIkA ke lie palAyana kiyaa| prArambhika samaya meM, jainoM ne choTe vANijya se kArya prArambha kiyaa| pramukhataH jo bhAratIya zramika rela Adi nirmANa kArya meM kAryarata the, unako Avazyaka sAmagrI upalabdha karAnA hI pramukha uddezya thA aura isa prakAra samaya kI eka choTI sImA avadhi meM jainoM ne eka pramukha bhAratIya samudAya ke rUpa meM khuda ko sthApita kiyaa| san 1926 meM mombAsA zahara (kenyA) meM eka zAnadAra jaina mandira kI sthApanA kI gii| zAyada, Adhunika yuga meM aphrIkA meM jainadharma :: 741 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #751
videzoM meM yaha prathama jaina mandira hai| eka aura sandarbha se isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai ki alekjeMDariyA (Alexandria) meM bhAratIyoM kI eka pravAsita kAlonI thii| Quseir (eka bandaragAha zahara, misra ke uttara meM) se prApta eka Ostrakon se isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai| isakA anumAnita samaya 23 AD mAnA jAtA hai| isameM brAhmI lipi meM likhI huI mAlavAhaka sUcI prApta huI hai| khudAI meM pAe gaye miTTI ke bartanoM para bhI tamila-brAhmI meM eka Alekha milA hai| ye sAre tathya isa. bAta ko sUcita karate haiM ki vyApAra evaM vANijya ke lie bhAratIyoM kA AvAgamana evaM pravAsa ina misra evaM najadIkI aphrIkI dezoM ke sAtha thaa| __bhAratIya upamahAdvIpa meM bArahavIM zatAbdI ke pazcAt rAjakIya uthala-puthala ke sunahare atIta ko chinna-bhinna kara diyaa| vibhinna rAjasattAoM meM varcasva kI lar3AI prArambha ho gii| dhArmika kaTTaratA ke kAraNa choTI-choTI rAjasattAaiM Apasa meM yuddha karane lgiiN| isa paristhiti kA videzI sattAoM ne avasara pAkara bhAratIya upamahAdvIpa meM apane paira pasArane prArambha kara diye| isa rAjakIya arAjakatA meM jaina dharmAvalambiyoM ko atyAdhika kSati huii| jaina dharmAvalambiyoM ke ahiMsaka caritra ke kAraNa rAjakIya prabhAva kama huA, kintu kisI taraha jaina dharmAnuyAyiyoM ne vaidika aura hindU avadhAraNAoM ko parivartita rUpa meM apanA liyA aura apane astitva ko banAye rkhaa| jainoM ne hindU Adi gotroM ko apanA liyA aura bhAratIya pahacAna ke sAtha apane Apa ko jor3a liyaa| __ itihAsa-lekhana jainoM kI eka bahuta bar3I kamajorI rahI hai| jainoM ne sAhityika paridRzya meM bahuta samaya bAda lekhana prArambha kiyA hai| Adhunika yuga meM jainoM ke aphrIkA pravAsita hone ke ullekha osavAla jAti ke itihAsa se prApta hote haiN| aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki osavAla jaina zrI jeThA Ananda (khAra, verajA) ne choTI nAvoM ke dvArA pahalI bAra 1896 meM madAgAsakara (aphrIkA) meM padArpaNa kiyaa| ve jaMjIvAra (aphrIkA) hokara hI madAgAsakara phuNce| unhoMne anya osavAloM ko bhI aphrIkA meM vyApAra aura vANijya ke vistAra ke lie prerita kiyaa| san 1899 meM anya osavAla jaina zrI hiraNI kArA, zrI popaTalAla varSI evaM zrI naththU devajI iMDiyA ne mombAsA (kenyA) zahara meM pahu~cakara choTI-choTI vyApArika gatividhiyA~ prArambha kii| __ aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki zrImatI kanubhAI hirajI pahalI osavAla mahilA mombAsA meM phuNcii| zrI ratilAla hirajI kArA pahale osavAla jaina the, jinhoMne san 1902 meM aphrIkA meM janma limA / vyApAra aura vANijya meM kuzala hone ke kAraNa, jainoM ne zIghra hI pragati ke naye sopAnoM ko prApta kiyaa| maisarsa meghajI laDDA eNDa kampanI pahalI kampanI thI, jo osavAla jainoM dvArA sthApita kI gii| isa prakAra mombAsA meM alpAvadhi meM hI jainoM ne eka pramukha samudAya ke rUpa meM svayaM ko sthApita kara liyaa| san 1918 meM pahalI bAra eka dhArmika saMgaThana banAyA gayA, isakA nAma thA- zrI halArI jaina jJAna vardhaka 742 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #752
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir maMDala / Adhunika yuga meM videzoM meM jainoM kI eka zAnadAra upalabdhi- jaba san 1926 meM eka bhavya jaina mandira (derAsara) kA nirmANa huA / prArambhika samaya meM jainoM ne choTe-choTe vyavasAya ke mAdhyama se sampUrNa pUrvIya evaM dakSiNa aphrIkA meM pravAsita honA prArambha kiyA, nirmANa udyoga evaM phuTakara vyApAra ke mAdhyama se vyApArika saphalatAe~ prApta kiiN| jainoM ne bar3e supara mArkeTa, nirmANa kArya vAlI kampaniyA~ tathA baiMkiMga evaM vitta vyavasAya meM praveza kiyaa| mombAsA se yugAMDA evaM taMjAniyA Adi dezoM meM vyavasAya prArambha kiyaa| Aja yugAMDA evaM taMjAniyA meM jainoM ke bhavya mandira haiM, jo jainoM kI svatantra pahacAna hai / sAutha aphrIkA meM bhAratIyoM kA Agamana mukhyataH eka anubandhita majadUra ke rUpa meM huA thaa| hIrA evaM sone kI khoja ke pazcAt, vyApArika avasaroM kI talAza meM aneka vyApArI bhAratIyoM kA Agamana bhI sAutha aphrIkA meM huA thaa| sAutha aphrIkA ke jaina saMgaThana ke mAdhyama se jJAta hotA hai ki san 1901-1903 ke daurAna, prathama jainoM meM zrI vI. DI. mehatA, ema. ema. modI, e. ena. gosAliyA, ke. mehatA, pI. pI. pUnAthara evaM pI. sAMgave ke parivAra pramukha haiN| prArambhika jainoM ko sAutha aphrIkA meM sthAnIya aphrIkA evaM pravAsita a~grejoM se bahuta saMgharSa karanA par3A thA / yaha saMkSipta Alekha 'aphrIkA meM jainadharma' ke adhyayana kA zurUAtI adhyAya hI kahA jA sakatA hai| isa viSaya para aura zodha aura anusandhAna kI AvazyakatA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only aphrIkA meM jainadharma : 743

Page #753
yUropa meM jainadharma ajita kumAra jaina bainAr3I yUropa meM jainadharma ke prasaMga hameM yUnAiTeDa kiMgaDama, veljiyama, jarmanI, phrAMsa, iTalI evaM grIsa se milate haiN| jo jaina loga yUnAiTeDa kiMgaDama meM Aja raha rahe haiM, unameM se kucha sIdhe bhArata se Aye, aura kucha aphrIkana dezoM ke mAdhyama se, para khAsa bAta yaha hai ki jo aphrIkana dezoM se briTena meM Akara base, ve bhI bhAratIya mUla ke haiN| svatantratA ke bAda Aja lagabhaga 25 se 30 hajAra kI janasaMkhyA bhAratIya mUla ke jainoM kI yUnAiTeDa kiMgaDama meM hai| inameM se adhikAMza loga landana ke AsapAsa rahate haiM aura kula jaina AbAdI ke lagabhaga 75 se 80 pratizata ke loga pUrvI aphrIkA yathA- kenyA, yugAMDA, taMjAniyA Adi se hokara yahA~ Aye aura kucha yamana se| zeSa 20 pratizata loga sIdhe bhArata se yahA~ aaye| kula jainoM kI janasaMkhyA meM adhikAMza zvetAmbara haiM, para digambara bhI kama nahIM haiN| zvetAmbaroM meM bhI kucha mUrtipUjaka haiM aura kucha mUrtipUjaka nahIM bhii| briTena ke kula jainoM kI mAtRbhASA pramukhataH gujarAtI hai aura ve ghara meM gujarAtI kA hI prayoga karate haiN| lagabhaga 10 pratizata aise loga bhI haiM, jo mAravAr3I, hindI aura paMjAbI mUla ke haiN| yadyapi inake gharoM meM inakI mAtRbhASAe~ bolI jAtI haiM, para inake uttarAdhikAriyoM kI gujarAtI, hindI Adi mAtRbhASAe~ usa taraha samRddha nahIM hai, jaisI ki pUrva pIr3hI ke logoM kii| samasta jaina yahA~ do utsava sAtha-sAtha manAte haiN| ye haiM-mahAvIra jayantI aura paryuSaNa prv| ___yUnAiTeDa kiMgaDama meM pramukhataH jainoM ke cAra nimnAMkita sthAna darzanIya haiM1. jaina senTara, 32 AksaphorDa sTrITa, lIsesTara (eka mandira evaM eka oNDiToriyama) 2. osavAla senTara, nArthAva, nikaTa porTsa bAra (eka bar3A oNDiToriyama evaM eka gRhacaityAlaya), 3. mahAvIra phAuMDezana senTara, kenTana, miDalaseksa (eka gRha-caityAlaya), 4. digambara senTara, hairo, miDalaseksa (eka mndir)| uparyukta ke alAvA lIDsa ke hindU mandira meM, phailthama ke jalArAma mandira meM evaM bambile ke hindU mandira meM bhI jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyA~ darzana, pUjA ke lie upalabdha haiN| jaina samAja, mainacesTara meM bhI jaina mandira va kendra nirmANa kI prakriyA meM haiN| yUropa ke jaina lekhakoM meM pramukha haiM DaoN. pITara phlUgala, DaoN. naTubhAI zAha, paoNla meriTa, paoNla DanDasa, evaM DaoN. vinoda 744 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #754
kpaasii| yUnAiTeDa kiMgaDama ke kucha jaina saMgaThana nimna nAmoM se bhI saMcAlita haiM__ 1. aiDena venika esoziyezana oNva yU. ke., 6 kelvina aivenyU, paoNmarsa grIna, landana, ena-13 4-TI jI, 020 8292 0938 2. zrI digambara jaina esoziyezana 1, di brADave, vIlDasTona, hairo miDalaseksa eca-e-37-I-eca www.sdja.co.uk ___3. inTaranezanala mahAvIra jaina mizana, 25 sanI gArDena, henDana, landana ena DablyU-4020 8203 1634 ___ 4. insTITyUTa oNva jainolaoNjI, misTara Ara. pI. candariyA, 23 reDanora plesa landana, DablyU -2 2-TI-jI-020 7723 2323 ___5. jaina samAja yUropa, jaina senTara, 32 AksaphorDa sTrITa, lIsesTara ela-I-15 eksa yU-0116 254 1150 6. jaina samAja mainacesTara, jaina kamyuniTI senTara, 669 sTaoNkaporTa roDa, lAMga sAiTa, mainacesTara ema-12 7. jaina vizva bhAratI, seyara senTara oNksageTa lena, landana, ena-DablyU-2 7-jeena-020 8452 0913 8. mahAvIra phAuMDezana, DaoN. vinoda kapAsI-11 liMDase DrAiva, kenTana, miDalaseksa eca-e-3 0-TI-e-020 8204 2871 beljiyama meM jainadharma beljiyama ke jaina pramukhataH hIre ke vyavasAyI haiN| inakI saMkhyA lagabhaga 1500 ke AsapAsa hai aura inameM se adhikAMza enTavarpa meM rahate haiM tathA hIre ke thoka vyavasAya meM saMlagna haiM / inhoMne vilrijka (Wilrijk) enTavarpa ke samIpa bahuta hI sundara jaina mandira va sAMskRtika kendra vikasita kiyA hai| inake AdhyAtmika pramukha haiM - zrI rameza mehatA, jinhoMne 17 disambara, 2009 ko beljiyama ke dhArmika pramukhoM kI pariSada sthApita kii| ___beljiyama meM jaina sAMskRtika kendra, lAra sTrITa 34, 2610 villijka veljiyama meM hai| jarmanI meM jainadharma jarmanI meM jainadharma kA itihAsa va paramparA bahuta prAcIna hai, jisakA prArambhika ullekha pro. harmana jaikobI, vebara, alsaDaoNpha, glesana-apa, brUna, bole Adi vidvAnoM ke zodha se milatA hai| DaoN. cArlote krUsa jainijma se itanI adhika prabhAvita huIM ki unhoMne jainijma ko hRdaya se hI apanA liyaa| ve lambe samaya taka bhAratavarSa meM rahIM aura apanA zarIra tyAga bhI bhAratavarSa meM hI jaina paramparAnusAra kiyaa| bhAratavarSa se jarmanI meM jAne vAle jainoM kI saMkhyA amerikA, briTena va kanADA kI tulanA meM kama hai| isakA mUla kAraNa yaha yUropa meM jainadharma :: 745 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #755
rahA ki yahA~ jarmana bhASA ke binA kAma calanA muzkila thaa| aMgrejI mAdhyama bhASA briTena, amerikA aura kanADA hI nahIM, oNsTreliyA aura nyUjIlaiMDa meM bhI bhAratIyoM ke pravrajana kI adhika saMkhyA meM kAraNa bnii| dhyAna se dekheM to jarmanI bhAratIyoM ke pravrajana kA isa taraha kendra nahIM rahA, jisa taraha uparyukta anya deza rhe| 1970 se 1990 ke dazakoM meM pramukha rUpa se jarmana mUla ke kurta titz2a, harsana, kuhna, mArkusa mizanara jainadharma ke prati AkarSita hue| inhoMne jainadharma kA adhyayana hI nahIM kiyA, balki jainadharma ko jIvana meM apanAyA bhii| mArkusa mizanara ne eka jarmana patrikA Jain-PFAD kA prakAzana bhI 1987 meM kiyA apanI jaina gatividhiyoM ko bar3hAne ke lie 'jaina jarmana antarrASTrIya pariSada' kI sthApanA bhI varSa 1989 meM kii| pariSada kA uddezya jarmana bhASA ke mAdhyama se antarrASTrIya stara para jainadharma ke sArvabhaumika siddhAntoM ko prasArita karanA thA, para durbhAgya se eka samaya aisA AyA, jaba ve svayaM isa jaina antarrASTrIya pariSada se alaga ho gaye aura kAlAntara meM jarmana jaina patrikA kA prakAzana bhI ruka gyaa| kurta titz2a ne mahAvIra para jainadharma kI aisI pustaka prakAzita kI, jo jarmana janatA ke dvArA bahuta sarAhI gyii| bAta itanI hI nahIM, jarmana ke eka rAjya ke skUloM meM bhI isa pustaka ke kucha aMza par3hAe jAte haiN| kAlAntara meM kurta titz2a ne aMgrejI meM bhI jainijma nAma se eka pustaka prakAzita kii| ahiMsA dharma ke nAma se eka aura mahattvapUrNa racanA motIlAla banArasIdAsa ke mAdhyama se aMgrejI meM prakAzita kI, jisakI carcA bhI samAlocakoM ke bIca khUba huI aura anta meM 78 varSa kI Ayu meM apane oNsTreliyAI ghara meM NamokAra mantra kA pATha karate hue zarIra chor3a diyaa| harmana kula aise vyaktitva haiM, jo aneka jainAcAryoM ke samparka meM Aye, aura khAsakara AcArya AryanandI munirAja ke samparka meM aura inhoMne tattvArthasUtra kA AMzika anuvAda kiyA tathA do anya pustakeM yathA -'karma svayaM ke bhAgya kA nirmAtA', 'brahmAMDa ke kendra kI kuMjI' nAmaka pustakeM aMgrejI aura jarmana donoM bhASAoM meM prakAzita kii| ina donoM pustakoM kA pracAra-prasAra bhI khUba huaa| isa Alekha ke lekhaka ne bhI kIla va phrenkaphurta Adi vizvavidyAlayoM meM jarmana zAkAhAra pariSada dvArA Ayojita jainadharma viSayaka aneka vyAkhyAna diye| vartamAna vidvAnoM meM rAvarTa jAiDana bosa bhI aise vidvAna haiM, jinhoMne lagabhaga 15 varSa taka bhArata meM rahakara adhyayana, anusandhAna kiyA aura aba myUnikha vizvavidyAlaya meM par3hA rahe haiN| inakI eka pustaka 'jainijma : Aja aura isakA bhaviSya' bhI mahattvapUrNa hai| inake Alekha 'jaina spriTa' patrikA meM bhI chape haiN| yaha bhI sunA gayA hai ki inhoMne aNuvrata aMgIkAra kiye haiM tathA kucha aMzoM meM sAdhaka kA jIvana jInA bhI prArambha kara diyA hai| vartamAna meM jarmana logoM meM peTrA zilara, robina sTeja, kornila vAvariskI, phreDarika vaoNlpha Adi aise loga haiM, jinhoMne jarmana vAtAvaraNa ke anurUpa apane AcaraNa ko jaina sImAoM meM bA~dhakara jInA prArambha kara diyA hai| ye saba aise loga haiM, jinhoMne aneka tIrthakSetroM ke darzana bhI kiye haiN| 746 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #756
thaoNmasa diksa eka aise chAyAcitrakAra haiM, jinhoMne lothara kleyarinTa ke sAtha mAunTa AbU va raNakapura ke mandira va jainadharma nAmaka pustaka likhI hai aura aMgrejI va jarmanabhASA meM prakAzita kI hai| DaoN. narendra kumAra jaina barlina meM rahate haiN| yoga vidyAlaya calAte haiM aura dhyAna kA prArambha bhI NamokAra mantra ke sasvara uccAraNa se karate haiM tathA inake skUla meM prativarSa mahAvIra jayantI manAI jAtI hai| jarmanI kI rAjadhAnI meM TrAuDila pANDyA , jo gurudeva citrabhAnu ke ziSya haiN| barlina meM eka yoga skUla calAte haiM tathA isameM jaina dhyAna para vizeSa bala diyA jAtA hai| kArlA evaM krizciyana jIrDsa AcArya tulasI aura AcArya mahAprajJa ke anukartA haiM tathA jainijma ke sandeza kA pracAra-prasAra karate haiM tathA ye do vevasAITsa bhI calAte haiM, jinake pate nimnAnusAra haiM-1. www.herenow4u.de. aura 2. www.jain-germany.de. ____ hamane Upara yaha ullekha kiyA hI hai ki bhAratavarSa se bahuta kama jaina hI jarmanI meM sthAnAntarita hue haiN| lagabhaga 12 vyApArI parivAra aise haiM, jo Idara ovarasTena meM rahate haiM, jo mUlyavAna pattharoM ke vyAvasAyika kendra ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| ye aise parivAra haiM, jo lambe samaya se jarmana meM rahate hue bhI jarmana bhASA usa taraha nahIM bola pAte haiM, jisa taraha bolI jAnI caahie| isake alAvA AI. TI. prophezanalsa va bhAratIya chAtra bhI jarmanI meM Ate-jAte rahate haiM tathA inakA bhI rujhAna kevala jaina mandira kI jAnakArI taka hI sImita hai| kucha bhAratIya DaoNkTarsa va zaikSika logoM ne jarmanoM se vivAha kiye haiM tathA unake pArivArika nAma bhI jaina paramparAnurUpa haiM tathA ve jainadharma kA paripAlana lagabhaga nahIM hI karate haiN| 2008 meM prAkRta jJAnabhAratI antarrASTrIya puraskAra prasiddha jarmana vidvAna pro. DaoN. viliyama bole aura pro. DaoN. klAusa brUna ko 25 maI, 2008 ko diye gye| inhoMne prAkRta aura jainijma para aneka pustakeM likhIM haiM tathA bahuta khyAti arjita kI hai| isa kAryakrama meM bhAratIya vidyA ke vizeSajJa pro. DaoN. vaMzIdhara bhaTTa, DaoN. pITara phlUgala, pro. DaoN. brukara Adi ne bhAga liyA thaa| Tyuvigana meM janme peTrika epha. krugara 'jaina adhyayana kendra' ke adhyakSa haiM, jo phrI yUnIvarsiTI varlina meM hai| inhoMne skaoNTalaiMDa, svIDana va nArdana AyaralaiMDa meM aneka varSoM taka jJAnArAdhanA kI hai| phrI yUnIvarsiTI, varlina meM 'jaina adhyayana kendra' kI sthApanA itihAsa evaM sAMskRtika kendra ke antargata 2011 meM huii| peTrika krugara yadyapi jaina kalA itihAsa evaM dharma meM samarpita haiM, para inakA vRhattara uddezya yaha bhI hai ki jainijma aura ahiMsA kA pracAra Ama janatA ke bIca meM honA cAhie aura isI dRSTi se ye san 2010 meM eka jaina veva porTala kI TIma ke sadasya bhI bane tathA jaina oNna lAina meM patrikA bhI prakAzita karate haiN| phrAMsa meM jainadharma pIyare emila eka phrAMsa ke avakAza prApta pablika eDaminisTreTara haiN| jaba ye 22 varSa ke the, taba unheM pahalI bAra jainadharma kI jAnakArI huii| 1993 meM avakAza prApta karane yUropa meM jainadharma :: 747 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #757
ke bAda phreMca bhASA ke mAdhyama se jainijma ko pracArita evaM prasArita karane kA nirNaya liyaa| inake aneka Alekha briTena se prakAzita hone vAlI jaina spriTa meM prakAzita hue haiN| 1998 meM inakI pahalI phreMca anuvAda 'bhagavAn mahAvIraH aitihAsika sandarbho meM prakAzita haI aura usI varSa inhoMne vilAsa saMgave kI jainadharma viSayaka pustaka kA bhI phreMca anuvAda prakAzita kiyaa| 2003 meM inakI pahalI pustaka jainijma para bhArata se prakAzita huii| tattvArtha sUtra, samayasAra aura niyamasAra para bhI apane kucha vyAkhyAna phreMca bhASA meM diye hai| maiDama pro. DaoN. kaiyA evaM pro. DaoN. nalinI balavIra sAravona yUnIvarsiTI meM jainadharma par3hAtI iTalI meM jainadharma __ iTalI kI prasiddha popa siMgara klAuDiyA presTorino jainadharma ke prati bahuta AkarSita huI va unhoMne pUrA jIvana jainadharma aura sAdhanA ko samarpita kara diyaa| klAuDiyA kA janma jinevA meM huA aura unhoMne aneka pustakeM jainadharma para itAlavI bhASA meM likhiiN| inhoMne prAkRta bhASA bhI sIkhI hai aura samaNasuttaM kA itAlavI bhASA meM anuvAda bhI kiyA hai| ve jAnavaroM ke adhikAra para kAma karatI haiM aura pUrI taraha zAkAhAra kA pAlana karatI grIsa meM jainadharma DimiTrisa jI. epha. jaina kA janma grIsa ke parama rUr3hivAdI krizciyana parivAra meM huA aura isake bAvajUda unhoMne krizciyana dharma kA anupAlana dArzanika kAraNoM se nahIM kiyaa| bAda meM jo jIvana paddhati apanAI, unheM lagA ki vaha to jainadharma-darzana ke atyadhika najadIka hai aura phira ve usI ke adhyayana-manana meM juTa gye| ye sambhavataH grIsa meM akele jaina haiM, jo grIka, aMgrejI aura hindI bhASAe~ jAnate haiM tathA Vegan jainadharma kA anupAlana karate haiN| ___ yUropa ke jainadharma ke paricaya se aisA lagatA hai ki yUropa meM jainadharma ke sUtra kevala bhAratIya mUla ke jainoM ke hAtha meM hI nahIM, balki yUropiyana mUla ke jainoM ke hAtha meM bhI 748 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #758
siMgApora meM jainadharma prIti zAha Aja se lagabhaga sau sAla pahale kucha jaina bandhu bhArata se apane Arthika vikAsa ke lie pahalI bAra siMgApora aaye| dakSiNa pUrvI eziyA meM vyApAra ko vikasita karane ke lie siMgApora eka mahattvapUrNa zahara mAnA jAtA thaa| apane deza aura parivAra se dUra hone ke bAvajUda apane dharma aura saMskRti ke dAyare meM rahanA, ina saba ke lie jarUrI thaa| siMgApora meM choTA-sA hI sahI, yadi eka jaina samAja kI sthApanA ho jAya to isa deza meM apane parivAra ke sAtha rahanA AsAna ho jAya, isa khyAla ne jaina bhAiyoM ke dimAga meM ghara kara liyA thaa| 1921 ke paryuSaNa parva kA Arambha ho cukA thaa| saMvatsarI pratikramaNa to sAtha hI karanA hogA, aisI kucha bhAvanA lekara lagabhaga 10-12 jainabandhu zrI govinda bhAI zAha ke ghara ikaTThe hue, aura phira to yaha jaise silasilA bana gayA, paryuSaNa parva, Ayambila olI, mahAvIra jayantI-ye sabhI tyohAra gine-cune jaina bandhu sAtha-sAtha manAne lge| yU~ kahiye to jaina samAja kI eka anaupacArika zuruAta ho cukI thii| dUsare vizva yuddha ke sampanna hone para bhArata se jaina bandhu apane parivAra sameta siMgApora Ane lge| san 1947 kI mahAvIra jayantI ke dina lagabhaga 60-70 jaina bandhu eka jagaha jamA hue aura taba pahalI bAra samAja kI gatividhiyoM ko calAne ke lie candA ikaTThA kiyA gyaa| ___ 1960 taka samAja meM sadasyoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga sau taka pahu~ca gayI thI / jaina bandhu parva manAne ke lie kabhI Arya samAja to kabhI bauddha mandira meM milane lage the| apane dharma ko sAmUhika rUpa se manAne ke lie eka sunizcita sthAna kI kamI sabhI jaina bandhuoM ko khala rahI thii| __1970 ke varSa taka isa mahattvAkAMkSA ne saba ke mana meM ghara kara liyA thaa| eka sAla kI kar3I mahenata ke bAda, nayI pIr3hI ke junUna aura purAnI pIr3hI ke mArgadarzana meM isa samAja ne karIba 59,000/- DaoNlara jamA kara liye the| isa mahattvAkAMkSA ke phalasvarUpa 18 jAlAna yAsIna, siMgApore para 'siMgApora jaina sosAiTI' kA dhvaja laharAyA gyaa| vaha usa samaya eka kaccI imArata aura usa taka pahu~catA eka kaccA rAstA hI thaa| kintu jaina bandhuoM ke hausale bulanda the| saba bujurgoM kI kar3I mehanata ke pazcAt san 1978 meM dau siMgApora meM jainadharma :: 749 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #759
maMjila vAlI ImArata khar3I kI gyii| ____ 1998 meM isa imArata kA punarnirmANa kiyA gyaa| siMgApora meM bar3hatI huI jaina AbAdI ko najara meM rakhate hue ise vizAla tathA Adhunika rUpa diyA gyaa| san 2006 meM siMgApore jaina sosAiTI, iMTara religiasa organAijezana oNpha siMgApora kI dasavIM sadasya bana gyii| sabhI dharmoM ke prati AdarabhAva, ye hI 'iro' kA dhyeya hai| __2007-2008 taka siMgApora meM jaina parivAroM kI saMkhyA bahuta bar3ha gayI thii| aneka derAvAsI parivAra bhI siMgApora meM sthAyI ho gaye the| derAsarajI kA nirmANa aura bar3hatI AbAdI donoM samasyAoM ko hala karanA thaa| unnatizIla nayI pIr3hI ne sthAnaka meM hI derAsarajI ke nirmANa kA bIr3A utthaayaa| __2009 kI sAla meM yaha kAma pUrNa huaa| nayI imArata samaya kI AvazyakatA ke anusAra bhavya tathA Adhunika banAI gayI / dUsarI maMjila para bhagavAn mahAvIra kI mUrti kI sthApanA huii| siMgApora jaina sosAiTI mahilA saMgha jaba samAja kA puruSavarga sosAiTI kI imArata ke nirmANa meM lagA thA, taba samAja kI mahilAoM ne bhI apanI gatividhiyA~ Arambha kara dI thiiN| samAja kI kucha mahattvapUrNa jimmedAriyA~ nibhAte hue ve eka dUsare se jur3I rhii| mahilA samAja ke sadasya bar3e pyAra aura dulAra ke sAtha samAja ke hara kArya ko nibhAtI haiN| hara sAla kI donoM ayambila olI para rasoI kA pUrA kAma ye hI sa~bhAlatI haiN| svAmI vAtsalya ke bhoja para lagabhaga 800 logoM kA khAnA banatA hai / zuddha aura svAdiSTa bhojana siMgApora jaina sosAiTI kI eka pahacAna bana cukA hai| paryuSaNa parva ke bAda, vratI-tapasviyoM ke lie khAsa prakAra kA bhoja bar3I dhyAnapUrvaka evaM Adara ke sAtha banAyA jAtA hai| ye hI mahilA sadasya avasara Ane para samAja ke lie pU~jI ikaTThI karane meM bhI puruSa varga se pIche nahIM htttii| 1997 kI sAla meM yuvA mahilAoM kA alaga dala banAyA gyaa| nayI pIr3hI kI mahilAe~ alaga tarIke se samAja kI sevA karanA cAhatI thiiN| unhoMne apane samAja ke bujurgoM ke Adara-sammAna aura manoraMjana ke lie hara sAla kucha kAryakrama karane kI ThAna lI aura taba se hara sAla bar3e joza aura Ananda se vividha kAryakramoM kA Ayojana karatI haiN| bujurgoM ne bhI dhIre-dhIre samAja calAne kI jimmedArI ina kAbila kandhoM para DAlane kI zuruAta kara dii| siMgApora jaina samAja kAphI pragatizIla hai| san 2006, meM pahalI bAra mahilA saMgha se do mahilAoM ko samiti kI sadasya hone kA nimantraNa diyA gyaa| sabhI dharma-kriyA aura kAryakramoM ke Ayojana meM aba adhika suvidhA hone lgii| siMgApora jaina yuvA saMgha jaina yuvA saMgha hara sAla kucha aise kAryakramoM kA Ayojana karatA hai, jisake antargata 750 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #760
yuvA sadasyoM ko jainadharma kI vizeSatAe~ aura Aja ke daura meM bhI usakI prAsaMgikatA se pahacAna karavA skeN| yuvA saMgha apane samAja ke sAtha pUre siMgApora samudAya ke lie bhI kucha karanA cAhatA hai / siMgApore vegetAriyana sosAiTI ke kAryakramoM meM bhI ve apanA hAtha baTAte haiN| siMgApora ke anAthAlaya aura vRddhAzrama meM bhI ve kaI bAra apanI sevAeM pradAna karate haiN| ahiMsA ke guNoM kA prasAraNa karane ke lie ve kaI kAryakramoM kA Ayojana karate haiN| vibhinna dezoM ke yuvA jaina saMgaThanoM se yaha mitratA aura bhAIcAre kA sambandha banAe rakhate haiN| jaina pAThazAlA san 1970 meM siMgApora jaina pAThazAlA Arambha hi| bhAvI pIDhI ko apane dharma kI pahacAna karavAnA, apane mUlyoM kA una nanheM dimAgoM meM AropaNa karanA jarUrI thaa|apnii vividha prathAoM se nayI pIr3hI ko jyotimAna karane ke lie isa pAThazAlA kI sthApanA kI gyii| yahA~ jainadharma ke niyamoM ko khUba manoraMjaka rUpa se sikhAyA jAtA hai| badalate samaya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue vibhinna mAdhyama,jaise kampyUTara aura khela ke jariye jaina dharma kI paramparAe~ aura kriyAoM kA artha sikhAyA jAtA hai| baccoM ke zArIrika, mAnasika aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie yoga, sAmAyika aura vividha kheloM kA Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai| prativarSa vibhinna dhArmika sthAnoM kI saira kA Ayojana hotA hai, tAki jainadharma ke anekAntavAda ke siddhAnta ko samajhAyA jA ske| isa pAThazAlA ko jainadharma kI eka agraNI saMsthA banAne ke lie hara eka prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| vibhinna dhArmika gatividhiyA~ mahAvIra jayantI : mahAvIra jayantI kI hArdika pratIkSA hara eka sadasya karatA hai| isa avasara kA Ayojana karane meM sArA samAja jI-jAna se juTa jAtA hai| mahAvIra jayantI kA kAryakrama tIna dina kA hotA hai| isa kAryakrama ke antargata kaI bAra videza se jainadharma ke vidvAnoM ko bhI Amantrita kiyA jAtA hai| videzoM meM ina jaina tyohAra kI chuTTI nahIM hotI, sabhI tyohAra zanivAra aura ravivAra kI chuTTI meM hI manAye jAte haiN| aise tyohAra sAtha manAnA jarUrI ho jAtA hai, kyoMki vyasta jIvana meM parivAra ko eka dharma kI Dora se bA~dhanA bahuta kaThina hai| mahilAe~ lagabhaga 800 logoM ke bhoja kI vyavasthA meM vyasta ho jAtI haiN| jaina pAThazAlA ke bacce bhI apanI kalA kA pradarzana karane ko utsuka rahate haiN| samAja ke hara eka parivAra se eka puruSa sadasya isa bhoja kI taiyArI meM sAtha detA hai aura eka mahilA pUr3I belane ke kAma meM madada karatI hai| mahAvIra jayantI utsava siMgApora jaina samAja kI ekatA kA pratIka hai| paryuSaNa parva aura samUha pAranA : paryuSaNa parva, eka aisA samaya hai jaba sthAnaka meM siMgApora meM jainadharma :: 751 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #761
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org sadasyoM kI sabase adhika bhIr3a hotI hai| hara varSa siMgApore jaina rilijiasa sosAiTI kisI jJAnI aura jainadharma ke vidvAn guru / vaktA ko samAja ke dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie Amantrita karatI hai| ina dasa dinoM meM sabhI jaina bandhuoM kA eka mAtra uddezya rahatA hai dharma kI ArAdhanA tathA jJAna kI prApti / saMvatsarI ke dina sAmUhika pratikramaNa bar3I zraddhA se kiyA jAtA hai| sabhI jIvoM se kSamApanA kI yAcanA kI jAtI hai| tapasviyoM kA bar3e bhAvapUrvaka abhivAdana hotA hai| samiti ke sadasya hara eka tapasvI ke ghara jAkara unakI sukha zAnti kI abhilASA karate haiM / samUha pAranA ke dina sampUrNa samAja ekatrita hokara tapasviyoM kA abhinandana karate haiM aura unakI taraha tapasyA kara sakeM aise AzISa kI yAcanA karate haiN| samAja kI bujurga mahilAe~, tapasviyoM ke lie bar3e hI jatana se zarIra ke lie halkA evaM AsAnI se hajama ho sake aisA bhojana banAtI haiN| bhArata meM jabaki jyAdAtara tapasvI apane ghara para pAranA karate haiM, siMgApora samAja ke samUha pArane se maiM khAsa prabhAvita huI / sthAnaka kI UparI maMjila para sabhI tapasviyoM ke Asana lagAe~ jAte haiN| samAja ke sabhI sadasya katAra meM lagakara hara eka tapasvI ko pAranA karAne kA saubhAgya lete haiN| yuvA pIr3hI bhI ina gatividhiyoM meM zAmila hotI hai, jo Age calakara isa paramparA kI dharohara ko sNbhaaleNge| divAlI aura Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nUtana varSa divAlI mahAvIra prabhu kA nirvANa divasa hai| isa dina sthAnaka meM ' bhaktAmara stotra' kA pATha hotA hai| naye varSa kA Arambha mAMgalika stotra gAkara kiyA jAtA hai, jisake bAda sAre sadasya eka dUsare ko nUtana varSa kI badhAiyA~ dete haiM / pUjA : pichale 18 sAloM se hara ravivAra ko 'zrI bhaktAmara stotra' kA pATha hotA hai| siMgApora ke sthAnaka meM vividha pUjA kI gayI haiM, jaise ki navagRha pUjA, siddhacakra pUjA aura bhavya adhara abhiSeka pUjA / siMgApora meM sthAnaka meM bhagavAnajI kI mUrti kI sthApanA se hamAre dezavAsI bhAIyoM kA svapna sAkAra ho gayA / 752 :: jainadharma paricaya siMgApora jaina samAja kI kucha khAsa gatividhiyA~ siMgApora jaina relijiusa sosAiTI ne sabase pahalI eziyana jaina kAnphereMsa kA Ayojana kiyaa| 1990 ke mArca mahIne meM Ayojita isa sammelana kA mUla viSaya thA 'vizva zAnti kI tarapha ' / AcArya suzIlamunijI kI chatrachAyA meM, adhyakSa zrI nagInabhAI doSI ne bar3I lagana se isakA Ayojana kiyaa| jaba janavarI 2001 meM bhuja meM bhUkampa huA thA, taba siMgApora samAja ne bar3I phurtI se apanI sArI zaktiyA~ kAryarata kara dIM, tAki apane dezabandhuoM kI madada kara skeN| siMgApora jaina rilijiasa sosAiTI ne siMgApore ke kaina saMgaThanoM se madada maaNgii| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #762
siMgApora sikha samAja ne 62000/- DaoNlara kI pU~jI jaina samAja ko dii| Ananda melA jaisI gatividhiyA~ Ayojana karake kucha aura paise jamA kiye| lagabhaga 300000/- DAlara kI pU~jI jamA kara kucha svayaMsevaka bhuja pahu~ce, jinameM kucha DAkTara bhI the| rAmakRSNa mizana aura svAmInArAyaNa saMsthA ke sAtha milakara unhoMne pAThazAlA aura davAkhAnA banAne meM madada kii| zivira hara dUsare varSa samAja jaina zivira kA Ayojana karatI hai| maleziyA aura iMDoneziyA jaisI paDosI dezoM ke kisI sundara paryaTaka sthala para cAra dina kI yAtrA kA Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai| naisargika vAtAvaraNa meM bar3e harmollAsa ke sAtha zArIrika, mAnasika aura AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| yoga, khelakUda, nAca-gAnA ina sabhI gatividhiyoM kA Ayojana dharmAnusAra kiyA jAtA hai / par3osI deza jaise maleziyA, iMDoneziyA aura hoMgakoMga se bhI jaina bandhuoM ko Amantrita kiyA jAtA hai| siMgApore ke vyasta jIvana se haTakara prakRti ke A~gana meM dharma kI zikSA hama saba milakara grahaNa karate haiN| siMgApora jaina samAja kI kucha khAsa gatividhiyA~ samasyAe~ apane deza aura saMskRti se dUra dharma kA AcaraNa karanA thoDA sA kaThina hotA hai| jaina parivAroM ko sabase bar3I kaThinAI hotI hai jaina bhojana ke upalabdhatA kii| ghara se bAhara jaise-daphtaroM aura pAThazAlAoM meM jaina to kyA zAkAhArI vyaMjana bhI bar3I muzkila se milatA hai| pAThazAlA aura vidyAlayoM meM abhI taka jainadharma kyA hai, aura jainI kisa prakAra se ahiMsA kA pAlana karate haiM, usa viSaya para koI jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai| yuvA varga jo vidyAlayoM meM dina ke 10 se 12 ghaMTe bitAte haiM, unheM kaI bAra parezAniyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| yahA~ ke jyAdAtara jaina parivAra ghara ke bAhara jaina bhojana kI apekSA na rakhate hue ghara ke zAkAhArI bhojana se hI kAma calAte haiN| ina sArI samasyAoM ke bAvajUda, mere mata meM bhArata se bAhara rahakara bhI apanA dharma aura apanI saMskRti kI pahacAna nayI pIr3hI ko karavA sake isakA zreya hamAre jaina bujurgoM ko jAtA hai, jinhoMne Aja se sau sAla pahale siMgApora deza ko jaina dharma kA paricaya krvaayaa| siMgApora meM jainadharma :: 753 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #763
amerikA meM jainadharma DaoN. saMjaya jaina "asalI taraha se to dharma Apa loga amerikA meM nibhA rahe haiM"-bhArata se Aye eka paMDitajI kA yaha vAkya sunakara maiM socane laga gyaa| kyA hama loga bhArata se hajAroM mIla dUra, sahI meM dharma acchI taraha nibhA pA raheM haiM ? yaha bAta to hai ki amerikA meM jaba san 1984 meM pahalI bAra maiM zikSA ke lie pahu~cA, tabase aba taka amerikA meM jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM aura jaina mandiroM kI saMkhyA kAphI bar3ha gayI hai| saMkhyA meM bar3hotarI ke prabhAva se jainadharma kA pAlana karanA bhI AsAna ho gayA hai, lekina kyA hama loga dharma vaise nibhA pA raheM haiM, jaise hamAre sAdharmika bandhu bhArata meM nibhAte haiM ? isa taraha ke hareka prazna ke samAna isakA eka sIdhA-sA uttara 'nahIM' hai| amerikA meM kucha jagaha dharma kI kriyAe~ acche se hotI haiM, kahIM jJAna kI carcA, aura kahIM donoM hI; kahIM samAja bar3A hai to kahIM samAja choTA hai| zAyada amerikA meM kahIM para dharma bhArata kI kisI jagaha se acchA nibhAyA jAtA hogA, lekina ausatana to merI samajha meM bhAratavAsI hI jainadharma ke pAlana meM Age hoNge| isa lekha meM amerikA meM jainadharma ke pramukha pahaluoM kA varNana prastuta hai| amerikA meM jainiyoM kA itihAsa' ___amerikA meM jainadharma kA itihAsa kA prArambha huA san 1893 zrI vIracanda rAghavacanda gA~dhI ke Agamana se| zrI vI. rA. gA~dhI apane guru muni AtmArAmajI kI preraNA se amerikA meM dharmoM kI prathama vizva saMsada meM jainadharma ke pratinidhi banakara Aye the aura unhoMne apane prabhAvazAlI vaktRtva se jainadharma aura bhAratIyatA kA jhaMDA U~cA kiyA thaa| mani AtmArAmajI jainadharma ke bAre meM vizva saMsada meM jAgarUkatA paidA karanA cAhate the, parantu munidharma ke niyamoM ke antargata vaha svayaM isa saMsada meM nahIM jA sakate the| isalie unhoMne 29 varSIya vIracanda rAghavajI gA~dhI ko isa mahattvapUrNa kArya ke lie niyukta kiyA aura unheM chaha mahIne ke lie prazikSita kiyaa| vaise zrI vI. rA. gA~dhI khuda bhI pahale se hI bahuta jJAnI the| unakA bacapana se hI dharma se bahuta lagAva thA-vaha 1885 meM 21 varSa kI Ayu meM bhArata ke jaina esosiezana ke pahale avaitanika saciva bane the| zrI vI. rA. gA~dhI ke bhASaNoM ko amerikA meM hara jagaha bahuta sarAhA gayA aura unako kaI sthAnoM se Amantrita kiyA gyaa| vaha pahalI yAtrA meM do sAla taka amerikA 754 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #764
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir meM rahe aura usake bAda san 1897 meM phira se AmantraNa para chaH mahIne ke lie gye| jainadharma kA amerikA vAloM ko agalA paricaya milA san 1904 se 1905 taka / sAgauna kI lakar3I se banI pAlItAnA ke mandiroM kI 20 varga phuTa AkAra aura 35 phuTa U~cI pratikRti seMTa luisa pradarzanI meM pradarzita karane ke lie bhejI gayI thii| pradarzanI ke bAda mandira lAsa vegAsa aura bAda meM laoNsa eMjilsa le jAyA gayA thaa| aba yaha laoNsa eMjilsa kI jaina sosAiTI ke svAmitva meM hai / isake bAda san 1933 meM berisTara campatarAya jaina zikAgo meM 'varlDa phelozipa oNpha phesa' (dharmoM ke vizvabandhutva kI saMsthA) ke mAdhyama se 'ahiMsA eja da kI TU varlDa pIsa' (vizvazAnti kI kuMjI ke rUpa meM ahiMsA) para eka bhASaNa prastuta kiyaa| usake karIba eka dazaka bAda, alIgaMja uttara pradeza ke DaoN. kAmatA prasAda jaina ne amerikA Akara jainadharma kA pracAra kiyaa| DaoN. kAmatA prasAda jaina 'varlDa jaina mizana' ke saMsthApaka aura 'vAisa oNpha ahiMsA' ke sampAdaka aura prakAzaka the / unhoMne amerikA aura yUropa meM jainadharma kA pracAra kiyA thaa| amerikA meM unake prabhAva se kucha jAne-mAne logoM ne jainadharma ahiMsA ke patha se prabhAvita hokara use apanAyA / san 1950 ke bAda se kucha jaina loga amerikA ke vizvavidyAlayoM meM par3hane Aye aura phira yahIM basa gaye / san 1965 ke bAda amerikA ne pezevaroM aura kuzala takanIziyanoM ke lie ApravAsa ke svAgata ke dvAra khola diye aura bahuta se bhAratIya yahA~ Aye, jisameM jaina loga bhI zAmila the| san 1967 se 1971 taka aphrIkA ke vibhinna dezoM meM kharAba paristhitiyoM kI vajaha se, bahuta se bhAratIya mUla ke loga vahA~ se pazcima dezoM meM gaye / yaha loga adhikatara vyApArI the, aura isa taraha amerikA meM vyApArI varga ke bahuta se jaina loga phuNce| gurudeva citrabhAnu ke san 1971 meM nyUyaoNrka meM Agamana se phira amerikA meM jainadharma ke sAdhu-puruSoM ke Ane kI zrRMkhalA Arambha huii| usI varSa zravaNabelagolA aura mUDabidrI maThoM ke zrI cArukIrti bhaTTAraka, aura hombuja ke zrI devendrakIrti bhaTTAraka bhI amerikA aaye| san 1975 meM suzIla kumAra muni amerikA Aye aura usake bAda se kaI sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM kA amerikA AnA-jAnA huaa| jainiyoM kI amerikA meM tAdAda bar3hI aura jainadharma ke anuyAyI pUjA, tyauhAra aura jJAnacarcA ke lie milane lge| san 1976 meM DaoN. narendra seThI, jo ki kolambiyA vizvavidyAlaya meM prophesara the, ke netRtva meM aura gurudeva citrabhAnu tathA suzIla kumAra muni preraNA se nyUyaoNrka meM amerikA kA pahalA jaina seMTara sthApita kiyA gyaa| suzIla kumAra muni ne amerikA meM kaI jaina kendroM kI sthApanA kii| jaba suzIla kumAra muni ko AcArya pada mila gayA, unhoMne amerikA ke nyUjarsI prAnta meM san 1983 meM 'siddhAcalama' nAma ke eka jaina maTha' kI sthApanA kI - yaha pazcimI duniyA meM pahalA jaina maTha thA / amerikA meM jainadharma :: 755 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #765
amerikA vizvadvIpa meM jaina janasaMkhyA ke acche A~kar3e upalabdha nahIM haiN| san 1987 meM 'jaina seMTara oNpha bRhattara greTara bosTana ke jaina kendra kI DAirekTarI oNpha jainsa risAIDiMga ina yU esa e eMDa kanADA' (saMyukta rAjya amerikA aura kanADA meM rahane vAle jainiyoM kI nirdezikA) meM yaha anumAna lagAyA gayA thA ki lagabhaga 3000 jaina parivAra ina dezoM meM usa samaya raha rahe the| san 1992 kI jaina DAirekTarI oNpha naoNrtha amerikA (uttarI amerikA ke jainoM kI nirdezikA) meM 5019 parivAroM kI sUcI bnii| DaoN. bhuvanendra kumAra ne isa viSaya para zodha karake yaha niSkarSa nikAlA ki ina nirdezikAoM meM jaina samAja ke eka aMza ke hI A~kar3e the aura san 1992 meM unake anumAna se amerikA aura kanADA meM jainoM kI saMkhyA 80,000-1,00,000 ke bIca meM thii| dUsare srotoM se Ajakala bhArata ke bAhara rahane vAle jaina pravAsiyoM meM kama-se-kama eka tihAI (lagabhaga eka lAkha) amerikA meM rahate haiN| 5 / amerikA meM lagabhaga 100 jagahoM para jaina dhArmika samudAya amerikA meM jaina tIrtha zAyada amerikA meM jaina tIrtha ke bAre meM par3ha kara pAThakoM ko Azcarya hogaa| AcArya suzIla muni ke dvArA sthApita kiyA gayA siddhAcalama aba amerikA ke jaina tIrtha ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| siddhAcalama zaharoM kI bhIr3a-bhAr3a se dUra, pahAr3iyoM ke bIca eka bahuta hI zAnta aura manohara sthala para banAyA gayA hai| isakA parisara 120 ekar3a kA hai, isameM eka bhavya mandira, do choTe mandira, eka sAmudAyika bhojanazAlA, pustakAlaya, muniyoM aura sAdhviyoM ke rahane ke kakSa, aura yAtriyoM ke rahane kI kaI Adhunika kuTiyAe~ haiN| yahA~ para mandiroM meM zvetAmbara aura digambara paddhati kI pratimAe~ haiN| parisara meM cAroM tarapha sundara vana hai, eka tarapha eka jhIla hai aura kAphI khulI jagaha bhI hai|| AcArya jI ke saMgha ke sthApita karane ke bAda se siddhAcalama meM adhikatara muni mahArAjoM kA nivAsa rahatA hai, aura bhArata se bhI sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM kA prAyaH AnAjAnA rahatA hai| vahA~ para prAyaH vibhinna pUjAoM, vidhAna aura ziviroM kA Ayojana hotA rahatA hai| AsapAsa ke zaharoM kI jaina samAja yahA~ para basoM meM bhara ke saptAhAnta aura chuTTI ke dinoM meM yAtrA ke lie AtI hai| AsapAsa ke zaharoM ke jaina parivAra bhI bhArata se Ae hae parivAra janoM ko yahA~ lekara Ate haiN| san 2011 meM siddhAcalama ke parisara meM zikharajI kI choTe paimAne kI eka pratikRti banAyI gayI hai| zikharajI kI sArI ToMka usI khAke meM banAI gayI haiN| jabaki bhArata ke sammeda zikharajI kI yAtrA 27 kilomITara kI hai, isa pratikRti zikharajI kI yAtrA 56 ki.mI. kI hai| cU~ki amerikA meM rahane vAle jainoM ko pramukha tIrtha zikharajI meM Ane kA saubhAgya muzkila se milatA hai, vaha siddhAcalama jAkara zikharajI yAtrA ke anubhava ke bAre 756 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #766
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir meM kucha jAna sakate haiM aura amerikA ke isa jaina tIrtha meM bhakti kA Ananda uThA sakate haiN| amerikA meM jaina saMsthAe~ 1 amerikA aura kanADA meM aba bahuta sArI jaina saMsthAe~ haiN| pratyeka bar3e zahara meM jaina senTara yA jaina sosAiTI haiN| nyUyaoNrka, zikAgo, vAziMgaTana, saina phrAMsisko aura ToreMTo jaise bar3e zaharoM meM to kaI jaina saMsthAe~ haiM / pheDarezana oNpha jaina esosiezansa ina amerikA (JAINA - jainA) ina saba saMsthAoM kA ekachatra saMgaThana hai| jainA hara dUsare sAla julAI ke mahIne ke pahale haphte meM kisI bar3e zahara meM sammelana Ayojita karatI hai| jisameM amerikA aura kanADA ke jaina bar3I saMkhyA meM sammilita hote haiM / isa sammelana meM bhArata se sabhI pramukha jaina sampradAyoM ke sAdhu puruSa aura vidvAna dharma carcA ke lie Ate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie, san 2011 ke sammelana meM zvetAmbara AcArya candanA jI, digambara cArukIrti bhaTTAraka jI, jaina vizva bhAratI kI samanI akSaya prajJAjI, zrI mAnaka munijI ne pravacana diye| jayapura ke paMDita ToDaramala smAraka bhavana ke paMDita hukama canda bhArilla, zrImad rAjacandra ke IzvarabhAI bhakta, DaoN. vipina dozI aura paMDita dhIrajalAla mehatA jaise vidvAnoM ne dharmacarcA karake amerikA meM base jainoM kA jJAnavardhana kiyaa| dharma-karma kI bAtoM ke sAtha-sAtha kucha sAMskRtika, svAsthyaprada aura laukika kAryakrama bhI calate rahate haiM / prAtaH kAla pUjA aura yoga kI kakSAoM kI vyavasthA hotI hai| sUryAsta se pahale bhojana ke pazcAt sAMskRtika kAryakrama jaise ki dharma kI kathAoM para AdhArita nATaka, raas| garabA, dharma para praznottara kI spardhAe~ aura vivAha kI Ayu vAle yuvA aura yuvatiyoM aura unake parivAra vAloM ke milane ke samAroha calate rahate haiM / hAlA~ki yaha sammelana to do tIna dinoM kA hI hotA hai, bhArata se Aye hue vidvAna sammelana se pahale aura bAda meM kucha haphtoM taka jagaha-jagaha se pravacanoM aura carcA ke lie Amantrita kiye jAte haiM / jainA sammelana ke pahale aura bAda meM goSThiyoM kA bhI Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai| jaise ki hara bAra jainA sammelana ke pahale, eka haphte ke lie jaina adhyAtma akeDamI oNpha naoNrtha amerikA (JAANA - jAnA) kA sammelana hotA hai jisameM paMDita hukamacanda bhArilla dharma kI carcA karate haiM / jainA sammelana ke bIca vAle varSoM meM yaMga jaina esosiezana (yuvA jaina saMgha) kA sammelana hotA hai| isameM amerikA meM bar3e ho rahe kizora aura yuvA varga ke lie unakI Ayu aura jJAna upayukta dharma carcA aura sAMskRtika kAryakrama kA Ayojana hotA hai - jaise ki nRtya aura taraha-taraha ke kheloM kI spardhA / isake alAvA yaMga jaina esosiezana kI sAla meM do tIna bAra saptAhAnta aura chuTTiyoM meM riTrITa tathA aura bhI kaI gatividhiyA~ hotI haiN| jainA kA sAlAnA sammelana to bahuta prasiddha hai, para usake alAvA jainA ke aura bhI kAryakrama calate rahate haiN| jainA kI ejukezana kameTI (zikSA samiti) ne varSoM kI mehanata amerikA meM jainadharma : 757 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #767
karake jaina baccoM ke lie jaina pAThazAlA ke pAThyakrama ko AMgla bhASA meM anuvAdita kiyA hai| amerikA meM adhikatara hara jaina kendra meM zanivAra yA ravivAra ko jaina pAThazAlAoM kI kakSAe~ hotI haiM, aura inameM adhikatara 'jainA' ke mAdhyama se banAye gae pAThyakrama kA hI prayoga hotA hai| kucha jagaha alaga pAThyakrama kA prayoga hotA hai| jaise ki jaina vizva bhAratI ke dvArA banAye gae paatthykrm| amerikA meM jaina mandira ____ 2010 meM amerikA meM bhArata ke bAhara vizva ke kisI bhI deza se sabase adhika jaina mandira haiN| 2006 kI gaNanA ke anusAra amerikA meM 26 jaina mandira haiM, jo ki adhikatara saMgamaramara ke haiM aura unake zikhara aura meharAba rAjasthAnI vAstukalA kI zailI yAda dilAte haiN| ___ jahA~ taka merI jAnakArI hai, AcArya suzIla kumAra kI preraNA se hI amerikA meM jainoM ne hindU mandiroM meM jaina vediyA~ sthApita kI, aura jahA~ bhI hindU mandira vAloM ne eka se jyAdA pratimA rakhane kI anumati dI, vahA~ AcArya jI kI preraNA se zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paddhati kI pratimAe~ sthApita kI gyiiN| adhikatara sabhI bar3e zaharoM meM hindU mandira haiM, aura unameM se kucha meM eka yA do jaina pratimAe~ bhI haiN| sirpha bahuta bar3e zaharoM meM hI alaga jaina mandira haiM, aura kahIM-kahIM to eka hI zahara meM eka se jyAdA jaina mandira haiN| udAharaNArtha- amerikA kI rAjadhAnI vAziMgaTana aura usake AsapAsa ke kSetra meM lagabhaga 14 mandira haiM, inameM se eka jaina mandira hai (silvara spriMga nAma kI jagaha para), aura bAkI hindU mandira haiM, jinameM se do hindu mandiroM meM jaina pratimAe~ haiM, silvara spriMga ke jaina mandira meM zvetAmbara aura digambara pratimAe~ haiM, zaiMTIlI ke rAjadhAnI mandira nAma ke hindU mandira meM eka zvetAmbara aura eka digambara pratimA hai, aura aDelphI ke hindU mandira meM eka digambara pratimA hai| nyUyaoNrka aura usake AsapAsa ke kSetra meM do jaina mandira haiN| nyUyaoNrka ke kvIMsa ilAke meM pichale kucha sAloM meM nava nirmita jaina mandira kI dUsarI maMjila para zvetAmbara paddhati kA mandira aura sthAnakavAsI paddhati kA sthAnaka kakSa hai, tIsarI maMjila para digambara paddhati kA mandira, zrImad rAjacandra dhyAna kakSa aura pustakAlaya hai, aura cauthI maMjila para dAdAvADI mandira, aSTApada mahAtIrtha kI pratikRti aura bhojanazAlA hai| isI prakAra saina phrAMsisko ke nikaTa milpiTAsa meM bane bhavya jaina mandira meM pahalI maMjila para jaina pAThazAlA ke lie kaI kakSa aura dUsarI maMjila para eka bar3e kakSa meM zvetAmbara aura digambara pratimAe~ aura zrImad rAjacandra kI mUrti hai, phInIksa kA navanirmita mandira zAyada amerikA meM pahalA jaina mandira hai, jisake Age mAnastambha kI sthApanA huI hai| phInIksa ke jaina mandira meM bhI zvetAmbara aura digambara pratimAe~ haiM, aura mandira se lage eka kakSa meM zrImad rAjacandra kA citra aura unakA sAhitya hai| milpiTAsa aura phInIksa ke mandiroM meM vedI kI parikramA patha kI dIvAroM meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI 758 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #768
pratimAe~ haiM, aura donoM hI mandiroM meM inameM se bAraha digambara aura bAraha zvetAmbara paddhati kI haiN| amerikA mahAdvIpa meM kucha hI jagaheM aisI haiM, jahA~ zvetAmbara aura digambara mandira alaga haiN| kanADA ke ToreMTo zahara meM alaga-alaga zvetAmbara aura digambara mandira haiN| nyUyaoNrka ke dUsare jaina mandira meM jo ki hAiDa pArka meM hai, sirpha zvetAmbara pratimAe~ haiM / isI taraha nyU jairsI ke cerI hila zahara ke jaina mandira meM sirpha zvetAmbara pratimAe~ haiN| bahuta bar3e zaharoM ke jaina mandiroM meM to roja digambara pratimAoM kA prakSAla aura zvetAmbara pratimAoM kI candana pUjA hotI hai, para jyAdAtara jagahoM para ye kriyAe~ khAlI zanivAra aura ravivAra ko hI ho pAtI haiM / sthAnIya jaina samAja kI isa majabUrI ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue yahA~ ke mandiroM meM pratimAoM kI 'arddha' pratiSThA hI kI gayI hai| amerikA meM jaina tyauhAra amerikA meM jahA~-jahA~ jaina seMTara haiM, vahA~ jyAdAtara jaina tyauhAroM para pUjA aura samAroha hote haiN| ina sabhI jagahoM para mahAvIra jayantI, divAlI, dazalakSaNa aura paryuSaNa parva manAye jAte haiM / isake alAvA kucha aura tyauhAra sthAnIya mAnyatAoM aura dinoM ke lie manAye jAte haiN| cenTilI (vAziMgaTana ke nikaTa) ke rAjadhAnI mandira meM agasta ke mahIne meM jaina pratimA pratiSThA samAroha aura pArzvanAtha jayantI sAtha-sAtha manAI jAtI hai aura disambara ke mahIne meM pArzvanAtha nirvANa divs| rAjadhAnI mandira ke jaina bhakta iMgliza kaleMDara se hara naye sAla kI zurUAta bhI 1 janavarI ko pUjA ke sAtha karate haiN| amerikA ke vyasta jIvana meM vIka De ke dina par3e tyauhAroM para pUjA meM kama hI loga ekatrita ho pAte haiN| isalie phira usake bAda ke zanivAra ke dina usa tyauhAra ko phira manAyA jAtA hai, jisameM jyAdA loga sammilita hote haiN| kaI jaina seMTaroM meM mahAvIra jayantI para bar3e sAMskRtika kAryakrama kA Ayojana hotA hai, jisameM sthAnIya jaina parivAra ke bacce aura bar3e mila karake jaina bhajana, nRtya aura nATakoM kA Ayojana karate haiN| ye nATaka aura nRtya adhikatara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana kI ghaTanAoM yA anya paurANika kathAoM para AdhArita hote haiN| amerikA meM dazalakSaNa aura paryuSaNa parva bhI bahuta utsAha se manAe jAte haiN| bahuta se jaina seMTaroM meM, dazalakSaNa yA pardUSaNa ke daurAna pUjA aura pravacana ke lie vidvAnoM aura zAstriyoM ko Amantrita kiyA jAtA hai| ATha yA dasa dinoM taka subaha pUjA aura zAma ko pravacanoM kA krama calatA hai| amerikA meM kucha hI jaina vidvAna aura zAstrI upalabdha haiM, isalie kaI jagaha bhArata se vidvAna aura zAstrI Ate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie, cenTilI ke rAjadhAnI mandira meM san 2009 aura 2010 meM ajamera ke paM. kumudacandra sonI aura san 2011 meM lakhanaU ke DaoN. vRSabhaprasAda jaina ne dazalakSaNa parva para sthAnIya jainiyoM kI dharma aura jJAna vRddhi kA mArgadarzana kiyaa| kucha jagaha para jahA~ jaina samAja thor3A bar3A aura samartha hai, pardUSaNa ke ATha dina aura dazalakSaNa ke dasa dina yAnI ki aThAraha dina taka amerikA meM jainadharma :: 759 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #769
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra haiM www. kobatirth.org pUjA aura pravacana kI zrRMkhalA calatI hai| silvara spriMga ke jaina mandira meM san 2011 meM aThAraha dinoM ke lie dharma-vRddhi kI vyavasthA kI gii| isa mandira meM rahane kI vyavasthA hai aura 18 dinoM ke lie zuddha bhojana kI bhI vyavasthA karAI gayI thI / silvara spriMga aura AsapAsa ke kaI vRddha-avasthA ke loga ina parvoM ke daurAna mandira meM hI vAsa karate I Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dazalakSaNa aura paryUSaNa parvoM para Aye hue vidvAnoM aura zAstriyoM ke saujanya se isa daurAna yA kucha dina pahale aura bAda bahuta sI jagaha vidhAna aura pATha bhI kie jAte haiM / amerikA meM jaina rahana-sahana 1 amerikA meM bahuta se jaina apane dharma ke niyamoM kA jahA~ taka sambhava hai, pAlana karate haiN| bhArata meM janma lekara yahA~ Akara basane vAle jaina jyAdAtara zAkAhArI hI bane rahe, para amerikA meM janma lekara vahIM para bar3hane vAle jainoM meM zAkAhArI kI mAtrA kucha kama hai| kucha hI jaina parivAra haiM, jinake ghara para pyAja aura lahasuna nahIM banatA para ina parivAra vAloM kA pyAja-lahasuna kA pUrI taraha tyAga nahIM ho pAtA, kyoMki ghara se bAhara aisA bhojana bar3I muzkila se hI upalabdha hotA hai| rAtri bhojana tyAga vAle to zAyada kucha vRddha avasthA ke loga raha gaye haiN| ye loga riTAyara hokara amerikA meM base apane baccoM ke sAtha rahane ke lie Aye aura jIvana bhara ke liye hue niyamoM kA pAlana kara rahe haiM / jyAdAtara jaina bacce hara zanivAra yA ravivAra ko yA hara dUsare zanivAra yA ravivAra ko jaina pAThazAlAoM meM jAkara apane mahAna dharma ke bAre meM sIkhate haiN| para jahA~ ye pAThazAlAe~ upalabdha nahIM hai, yA kama baccoM ke sAtha cala rahI haiM, vahA~ jaina mAtA- 1 tA-pitA apane baccoM ko hindU saMsthAoM kI kakSAoM jaise ki svAmI saccidAnanda saMsthAoM yA hindU mandiroM dvArA prAyojita bAla mandira meM bhejate haiN| amerikA meM jainadharma kA pAlana karane meM kaThinAiyA~ vizva meM hara jagaha kI taraha amerikA meM jaina alpa saMkhyA meM haiM / amerikA ke jaina samAja ne alpa saMkhyA kI kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karane ke lie naI soca kA upayoga kiyA hai| isa naI soca ke anusAra amerikA meM calI huI naI prathAe~ bhArata meM dekhane ko nahIM mileMgI - jaise ki hindU mandiroM meM jaina pratimAe~ aura sabhI jaina sampradAyoM kA mila-jula kara rahanA, sAtha meM mandira banAnA, aura sAtha meM sammelanoM meM bhAga lenA / amerikA meM base hue hindU samAja kI sahAyatA se jainoM ko mandiroM meM pratimAe~ sthApita karane kI suvidhA milI aura jaina samAja isake lie apane sthAnIya hindU samAjoM ke AbhArI haiN| jahA~ eka tarapha pUjA kI suvidhA huI hai, vahIM dUsarI tarapha kucha samajhaute bhI karane par3e haiM / hindU mandiroM meM hindU pUjAoM ko prAthamikatA milatI hai aura jaina samAja ko isako vicAra meM rakhanA par3atA hai| jaina loga apanI pratimAoM ko zuddha vastroM meM hI prakSAla yA candana pUjA ke lie chUte haiM, lekina kucha hindU bhakta anajAne meM jaina pratimAoM 760 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #770
ko na chUne kI sUcanA lagA hone para bhI apane roja ke vastroM meM jaina pratimAoM ke paira chU lete haiM, una para phUla, kumakuma, paise ityAdi car3hA dete haiN| __ isI prakAra jaina sampradAyoM ke mile hue mandira meM bhI pratyeka sampradAya ko kucha samajhaute karane par3ate haiM aura choTe sampradAya vAloM ko prAya: yahI lagatA hai ki unheM unake pUre adhikAra nahIM mila rhe| isI taraha bhArata ke vibhinna jagahoM se Aye hue jaina loga amerikA meM milakara pUjA karate haiN| jahA~-jahA~ eka hI jagaha ke loga jyAdA hote haiM, vahA~ unhIM ke ilAke kI prathAoM aura bhASA kA jora rahatA hai aura kabhI-kabhI aura jagaha ke logoM ko isameM kucha samajhaute karane par3ate haiN| amerikA meM adhikatara jaina gujarAta se haiM aura inameM adhikatara zvetAmbara sampradAya vAle haiN| isalie kaI jagaha jaina pUjAe~ aura samAroha gujarAtI bhASA meM hote haiM aura jinako gujarAtI nahIM AtI hai, vaha pUrI taraha se bhAga nahIM le pAte haiN| udAharaNArtha-zikAgo zahara meM hue 2008 ke yuvA jaina sammelana meM lagabhaga 2 hajAra gujarAtI yuvAoM ke bIca kevala 6 yuvA the, jo gujarAtI bhASA nahIM jAnate the- aura ye loga sammelana kI gatividhiyoM meM pUrI taraha bhAga nahIM le paaye| kaI jagahoM para gujarAtI jaina samAja alpa saMkhyaka logoM kI samasyAoM ke bAre meM jAgarUka hai aura aise logoM ko gatividhiyoM meM sammilita karane kI pUrI ceSTA karatA hai| ___ jaina zrAvakoM ko amerikA meM dharma ke pAlana meM zAyada sabase bar3I samasyA hai ki yahA~ para bar3I ho rahI Ane vAloM pIr3hiyoM ko dhArmika saMskAra kaise die jAe~? bhArata meM to ghara meM raha rahe bujurgoM se, mandira aura AsapAsa meM rahane vAle sahadhArmika bandhuoM se, dhArmika tyohAroM ke manAne meM, zahara meM Aye hue muniyoM aura sAdhviyoM ke darzanoM aura pravacanoM ke mAdhyama se baccoM meM dharma ke saMskAra par3a jAte haiN| amerikA meM adhikatara parivAra meM khAlI mAtA-pitA aura bacce hote haiM aura adhikatara parivAroM meM mAtA aura pitA donoM hI naukarI karate haiN| bacce bhI skUla kI par3hAI, khela aura sAMskRtika gatividhiyoM meM vyasta rahate haiN| ina saba ke bIca dharma kI kathAoM aura carcA kA samaya kama hI mila pAtA hai| jaina samAjoM meM jaina pAThazAlA aura jaina tyauhAroM ke manAne se isa kArya meM thor3I sahAyatA huI hai, para sAre jaina ina maukoM kA lAbha nahIM le pA rahe haiN| __jaina zrAvakoM, khAsataura se digambara jaina zrAvakoM ko, amerikA meM jainadharma ke mArga darzana ke lie yahA~ para muniyoM aura sAdhviyoM ke sAnnidhya kA abhAva bahuta khalatA hai| yahA~ taka ki, adhika dhArmika bhAvanA rakhane vAle loga isa kAraNa se kabhI-kabhI bhArata vApisa bhI lauTa jAte haiN| anya jaina sampradAyoM ke muni aura sAdhviyA~ to Ate haiM, para vaha bhI itane nahIM milate, jitane ki bhArata meN| pichale kucha sAloM meM digambara jaina sampradAya kI kSullikA zubhamatI jI apane saMgha ke AcArya sanmati sAgara mahArAja kI anumati se do bAra amerikA AyIM aura prabhAvI pravacana diye| san 2007 ke jainA ke sammelana meM kSullikA zubhamatI jI ke kezalauMca se, dekhane vAloM ko digambara dharma ke niyamoM ke bAre amerikA meM jainadharma :: 761 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #771
meM patA claa| bhaTTAraka mahArAjoM ke amerikA Ane-jAne se digambara sampradAya kA pratinidhitva hotA hai aura dharma kA jJAnavardhana bhI hotA hai, parantu yahA~ para bar3hane vAlI pIr3hI muniyoM ke AcaraNa ko pAsa se nahIM dekha pAtI hai| __ muniyoM ke abhAva se amerikA meM pratimAoM kI prANa pratiSThA meM bhI kaThinAI hotI hai| amerikA meM huI digambara pratimAoM kI prANa pratiSThA ke lie bhArata meM bhaTTAraka mahArAjoM ko Amantrita kiyA jAtA hai| kucha jaina samAja vAle bhArata meM prANa pratiSThA karAke pratimAoM ko amerikA lAte haiN| udAharaNa ke lie, nyUyaoNrka ke kvIMsa ke jaina mandira kI zvetAmbara pratimAoM kI aMjana-zalAkA kriyA sUrata meM aura digambara pratimAoM kI paMca kalyANaka kriyAe~ AgarA meM kI gayIM aura usake bAda hI yaha pratimAe~ amerikA le jAI gyiiN| ___ amerikA vAsiyoM meM svAsthya kI bar3hatI huI jagarUkatA kI vajaha se ghara ke bAhara zAkAhArI bhojana milanA AsAna hotA jA rahA hai, phira bhI kaI resTorenTsa meM zAkAhAriyoM ko khAlI salAda yA ubalI huI sabjiyA~ khAkara hI kAma calAnA par3atA hai| bar3e zaharoM meM pUrNa zAkAhArI resTorenTsa mila jAte haiM, para vo bhI gine-cune hI -inameM se kucha to dakSiNa bhAratIya bhojana vAle hote haiM aura kucha cInI zAkAhArI prathA ke| inameM se kucha hI jagaha, pahale kahane para binA pyAja aura lahasuna kA khAnA banAne kI vyavasthA hai| binA pyAja aura lahasuna khAne vAle ko adhikatara ghara meM khAnA hotA hai-apane yA apane jaise hI aura jainiyoM ke ghara meN| kucha jaina parivAroM ke dvArA Ayojita pArivArika samArohoM, jaise ki zAdiyA~, janmadina ityAdi meM, adhikatara binA pyAja aura lahasuna aura rAtribhojana tyAga vAloM ke lie alaga vyavasthA hotI hai| vyAvasAyika aura prophesanala logoM ke lie pyAja-lahasuna tyAga kA niyama pAlana karanA muzkila ho jAtA hai| amerikA ke jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM ko amerikA meM base hue kucha jaina vidvAna aura amerikA ke vegana mUbameMTa ke samarthaka dUdha aura dUdha se bane hue anya khAdya padArtha chor3ane ke lie protsAhita kara rahe haiM, aura kucha jaina logoM ne aisA kiyA bhI hai| amerikA meM dUdha dene vAlI gAyoM ke sAtha bahuta krUratA hotI hai-bar3e-bar3e DeyarI phaoNrma meM gAya eka jagaha para khar3I rahatI hai, aura unake thanoM meM dUdha nikAlane kI mazIna lagI rahatI hai| unako taraha-taraha ke injekzana diye jAte haiM, jisase vaha kama Ayu meM aura adhika mAtrA meM dUdha ___anta meM, amerikA meM base jaina loga kyA apanA dharma acche se nibhA pA rahe haiM? isa lekha ko par3hane ke bAda par3hane vAle zAyada apane-apane najarie se alaga-alaga mata para phuNceN| aura aise prazna kA eka uttara zAyada hai bhI nhiiN| dharma ke prati jAgarUka loga duniyA ke kisI bhI kone meM raha kara apanA dharma acche se nibhA sakate haiM aura dharma ke prati udAsIna loga sammeda zikharajI meM rahakara bhI jindagI ko vyartha gavA~ sakate haiN| paMDita jI 762 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #772
kA kathana dazalakSaNa meM utsAha se bhAga le rahe zrAvakoM ke lie thA aura Aja kala ke bhautika jindagI meM vyasta logoM kI apekSA se merI dRSTi meM sahI thaa| AzA hai pAThaka isa bAta se sahamata hoNge| jaya jinendr| sandarbha 1. isa khaMDa meM dI gaI jAnakArI nimna pustaka para AdhArita hai-DaoN. bhuvaneMdra kumAra (1996), kanADiyana sTaDIsa ina jainijma, jaina hyumenITIja presa, mississaugA, oMTAriyo, kanADA 2. kvIna, eDavarDa la.; prothero, sTIphena ra.; zeTuka gArDinara ha. (2009) ensAIklopeDiyA oNpha amerikena rilijiasa hisTarI, inphobesa pabliziMga, pRSTha saMkhyA 531, ISBN 978-0-8160 6660-5 3. yaha maTha bhArata meM sthita digambara jaina maThoM kI taraha nahIM hai, yahA~ para zvetAmbara saMgha virAjamAna 4. lI, jonAthana ha. kSa. (21 disambara 2010), ensAIklopeDiyA oNpha eziyana amerikana pholkalora eMDa pholkalAipha, e.bI.sI.-sI.ela.AI.o., pRSTha saMkhyA 487-488, ISBN 978-0-313-35066-5 5. vAIlI, krisTI la. (2004), hisTorikala DikzanarI oNpha jainijma, skereko presa, pRSTha saMkhyA 19, ISBN 978-0-8108-5051-4 6. lI, jonAthana ha. kSa. (21 disambara 2010), ensAIklopeDiyA oNpha eziyana amerikana pholkalora eMDa pholkalAipha, e.bI.sI.-sI.ela.AI.o., pRSTha saMkhyA 487-488, ISBN 978-0-313-35066-5 amerikA meM jainadharma :: 763 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #773
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 3. jaina sAhitya pro. vRSabha prasAda jaina jaina sAhitya para yA usakI vizeSatAoM para jaba carcA karanI ho, to pramukha rUpa se nimna binduoM para vicAra ubharate haiM 1. vaha sAhitya jo jaina racanAkAroM ke dvArA racA gayA, 2. jainadharma kI mUla mAnyatAoM ko lekara jo sRjanAtmaka sAhitya racA gayA, vaha jainAcAryoM dvArA racA gayA ho athavA jainetara racanAkAroM, dvArA racA gayA ho| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sAhitya mAtra ko dekhane kI dRSTi kyA jainAcAryoM kI kucha jainetara sAhityakAroM se bhinna rahI / yadi rahI to kina binduoM para ? pahale donoM binduoM para vicAra vibhinna bhASAyI sAhitya vAle AlekhoM meM huA hai| jaise jaina saMskRta sAhitya meM, jaina prAkRta sAhitya meM, jaina marAThI sAhitya meM aadi-aadi| tIsare bindu para vicAra lagabhaga una AlekhoM meM nahIM haiM aura isa bindu para jaba hama gambhIratA se vicAra karate haiM, to yaha bAta sApha sAmane AtI hai ki sAhitya kI racanA jaina jIvana kA abhinna aMga rahI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sampUrNa bhAratIya bhASAoM ke sAhitya para dRSTi DAleM, to Apako yaha bAta sApha dikha jAegI ki vibhinna bhAratIya bhASAoM meM aisI aneka sAhityika kRtiyA~ haiM jo dhArmika sAhitya nahIM hai, jo dArzanika sAhitya bhI nahIM hai, para utkRSTa sAhitya kI ve pratirUpa haiN| Apa tamila ke sAhitya ko uThAkara dekheM, kannar3a ke sAhitya ko uThAkara dekheM, hindI ke sAhitya ko uThAkara dekheM Adi-Adi, to yaha bAta sApha dikhegI ki ina bhASAoM kA khAsakara jo Adima sAhitya hai, vaha utkRSTa sAhitya kA namUnA hone ke sAtha-sAtha vibhinna sAhityika mAnakoM ko gar3hane meM mArgadarzakajaisI bhUmikA nibhAtA hai, aura una mAnakoM / paimAnoM para calakara adhikAMza bhAratIya bhASAoM kA sAhitya vikasita huA yA adhikAMza uttaravartI bhAratIya bhASAoM ke sAhitya ne apane nikAsa meM una paimAnoM ko AtmasAta kiyA / Apa rasapradhAna jaina sAhitya ko dekheM to zrAMgArika sAhitya meM bhI vatsala aura zAnta kI pradhAnatA ke darzana hote haiM aura yaha vatsalarUpa adbhuta hai| vaise darzana sampUrNa bhAratIya 764 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #774
sAhitya meM lagabhaga alabhya-se haiN| tIrthaMkara bAlaka ko snAna ke lie jaba sumeru parvata para le jAte haiM usa samaya ke bAlaka ke kapola para par3ane vAle bimba kA jo varNana hai, vaha alaukika-sA hai aura yaha zrRMgAra, vAtsalya evaM zAnta kA adbhuta namUnA hai aura isakI mohakatA aisI camatkAra pUrNa hai, jo na kevala zrRMgAra meM bana sakatI hai, na vatsala bhAva meM, na bhakti meN| kaI bAra isa prakAra ke varNanoM ko par3hanepara lagatA haiM ki hameM sAhityazAstra meM kucha-aura mAnaka banAne pdd'egeN| Apa bhaktikAlIna jaina sAhitya ko dekheM, to aisI bahuta sI padAvalI milegI, jo na saguNa bhakti kI hai, na nirguNa bhakti kI hai, para bhaktikAla kI hai| aisI padAvalI ke kucha namUne hama AdhyAtmika padAvalI se pA sakate haiN| isa jaina AdhyAtmika padAvalI kA jo adhyAtma rasa hai yA bhaktirasa hai, vaha adbhuta hai aura isake namUne hameM madhyakAla se arthAt apabhraMza se bar3e spaSTa rUpa meM milane lagate haiM, jinakI kramika zRMkhalA hameM uttarakAla meM hindI kI AdhyAtmika padAvalI ke Adhunika kAla ke pUrvArddha taka milatI hai aura yaha zrRMkhalA aisI adbhuta hai jo bhakti rasamaya bhI hai para bhaktikAla kI bhakti-rasa-pradhAna anya kAvyadhArA se bhinna bhI hai| jaina sAhitya kI eka pramukha vizeSatA yaha rahI hai ki usane vyakti ko saMskArita karane kA kAma pramukha rUpa se kiyA hai| yahA~ sahitasya ke bhAva kI pradhAnatA usa rUpa meM svIkRta nahIM hai, jaisI kucha sAhityazAstrI svIkArate haiN| jaina yaha mAnate haiM ki vyakti vizeSa jaba sAhitya ke samparka meM AtA hai, to vaha aura usakA jIvana sAhitya ke prabhAva se svayaM saMskArita hotA calatA hai| aura jaba vyakti saMskArita hotA calegA, to vaha apane-Apa dUsare saMskArita vyakti se jur3egA hii| isalie jaina, sAhitya-cintana yaha mAnatA hai ki sAhitya se vyakti kA saMskAra hotA hai, vyakti ke saMskAra se samAja kA saMskAra hotA hai aura isIlie vyakti ke niyamita saMskAra ke nirmANa ke lie hI svAdhyAya kI bAta jaina vyakti- vizeSa ke saMskAra meM DAlI gayI hai aura yaha bAta kevala gRhasthoM taka hI sImita rakhI gayI hai, aisA tathya nahIM hai balki kathya to yaha hai ki svAdhyAya ke patha para hI mukti milatI hai aura jisakA pathika donoM ko honA hotA hai gRhastha ko bhI aura sAdhu ko bhii| kula milAkara kathya yaha hai ki jaina sAhitya kI kucha aisI sAhityika vizeSatAe~ hai jo usakI jainetara sAhitya se bhinnatA vAlI pahacAna ko gar3hatI haiM aura isa dRSTi se jaina sAhitya kA alaga se AloDana karane kI jarUrata hai| jaina sAhitya :: 765 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #775
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org bhaktikAvya 2. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir guNavattA, parimANa, vividhatA Adi aneka dRSTiyoM se jaina vADmaya kA bhAratIya vAGmaya meM viziSTa sthAna hai| bhaktikAvya bhI isakA apavAda nahIM hai| jaina kaviyoM ne prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya bhASAoM meM, sabhI prakAra kI kAvyazailiyoM meM vipula mAtrA meM uccakoTi ke bhaktikAvya ko racA, jisa saba kA ullekha isa laghu nibandha meM zakya nahIM hai / jaina bhaktikAvya sAhitya ke lagabhaga Adima kAla se hI anekAneka rUpoM meM upalabdha hai / yathA - maMgalAcaraNa, bhakti, stuti, stotra, pUjA, vidhAna, AratI, pada, aSTaka, dazaka, paccIsI, battIsI, cAlIsA, pacAsA, zataka ityAdi / ina sabhI rUpoM kA mukhya viSaya apane ArAdhya kI guNastutirUpa bhakti hI hai, ataH ye sabhI vastutaH bhaktikAvya ke vividha rUpa haiM / inameM sarvaprathama to, jaina-granthoM ke prArambha meM maMgalAcaraNa hetu race gae chanda jaina bhaktikAvya ke utkRSTa udAharaNa mAne jAne cAhie / atyanta sAragarbhita hone se ye chanda bar3e hI mahattvapUrNa haiM / katipaya maMgalAcaraNa chanda to aise haiM, jo Age calakara haiN| na kevala inake bhaktikAvyoM ke, balki darzana evaM nyAya zAstra ke granthoM ke bhI mUlAdhAra bane haiN| inameM 'SaTkhaNDAgama' aura 'tattvArthasUtra' ke nimnalikhita maMgalAcaraNa - chanda vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiM 1. " Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM, Namo AiriyANaM / Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe savvasAhUNaM / / "mokSamArgasya netAraM, bhettAraM karmabhUbhRtAm / jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM, vande tadguNalabdhaye / / "2 pro. vIrasAgara jaina For Private And Personal Use Only ukta donoM maMgalAcaraNa-va -kAvya sampUrNa jaina bhaktikAvya ke mUla srota to pratIta hote hI haiM, jaina - bhakti kI samUcI avadhAraNA ko spaSTa karane meM bhI bar3e samartha lagate haiN| inake AdhAra para jaina vADmaya meM aneka grantha likhe ge| udAharaNArtha - 'tattvArthasUtra' ke maMgalAcaraNa ko AdhAra banAkara AcArya samantabhadra ne 'AptamImAMsA', AcArya akalaMka 766 :: jainadharma paricaya

Page #776
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ne 'aSTazatI' evaM AcArya vidyAnandi ne 'aSTasahastrI' va 'AptaparIkSA' Adi aneka mahAna granthoM kI racanA kI / maMgalAcaraNa ke atirikta bhaktiyoM ke nAma se bhI jainavADmaya meM vizAla bhaktikAvya racA gayA hai| inameM AcArya kundakunda ( prathama zatAbdI) aura AcArya pUjyapAda (pA~cavIM zatAbdI) jaise dhurandhara AcAryoM kI bhaktiyA~ vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| Aja bhI hajAroM sAdhu aura zrAvaka ina bhaktiyoM kA nitya pATha karate haiM / bhAvagAmbhIrya aura zilpa - donoM hI dRSTiyoM se ye bhaktiyA~ sampUrNa bhAratIya bhakti kAvya meM apanA bejor3a sthAna rakhatI haiM / - ina bhaktiyoM ke zIrSaka isa prakAra haiM- siddhabhakti, zrutabhakti, cAritrabhakti, yogibhakti, nirvANabhakti, AcAryabhakti, paMcamahAgurubhakti, vIrabhakti, tIrthaMkarabhakti, zAntibhakti, samAdhibhakti, nandIzvarabhakti aura caityabhakti / AcArya kundakunda kI bhaktiyA~ prAkRta bhASA meM haiM, jabaki AcArya pUjyapAda kI bhaktiyA~ saMskRta meM / AcArya kundakunda aura AcArya pUjyapAda ke atirikta katipaya anya AcAryoM ne bhI kucha bhaktiyA~ likhI haiM / jaise- zrutasAgara sUri ( 16vIM zatI) kI siddhabhakti / maMgalAcaraNa aura bhaktiyoM ke atirikta 'stotra' ke nAma se bhI vizAla jainabhaktikAvya upalabdha hai| jaina stotra - sAhitya kA prArambha vaise to prAkRtabhASA meM ho cukA thA aura 'jayatihuaNa', 'uvasaggaharaM', 'bhayaharaM' Adi aneka stotroM kI racanA ho cukI thI, parantu saMskRta bhASA meM Akara to jaina stotra sAhitya kA adbhuta vikAsa huaa| DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI ke anusAra saMskRta bhASA meM lagabhaga 1000 se adhika jaina stotra likhe gaye / For Private And Personal Use Only saMskRta - jaina- stotra - sAhitya ke AdyaracanAkAra AcArya samantabhadra (dUsarI zatAbdI) ke mAne jAte haiN| AcArya samantabhadra ke stotra jaina bhaktikAvya ke samUce darzana ko bar3e hI spaSTa zabdoM meM aura tArkika rIti se prastuta karane meM atyanta samartha haiN| stuti, stutya, stotA, stutiphala, stutividhi Adi sabhI viSayoM para AcArya samantabhadra ne bar3e hI saTIka vicAra apane stotroM meM abhivyakta kie haiN| bhAva evaM kalA donoM hI dRSTiyoM se AcArya samantabhadra ke stotra bar3e utkRSTa haiM / AcArya samantabhadra ke ina stotroM ke sambandha meM DaoN. premasAgara ne likhA hai- " AcArya samantabhadra ke 'svayambhU-stotra' tathA 'stuti - vidyA' samUce bhAratIya bhakti - sAhitya ke jagamagAte ratna haiN| hRdaya kI bhaktiparaka aisI koI dhar3akana nahIM, jo inameM saphalatA ke sAtha abhivyakta na huI ho / bhAva aura kalA kA aisA anUThA samanvaya bhArata ke kisI anya stotra meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai / " AcArya samantabhadra ke stotroM meM 'svayambhUstotra' yA 'vRhatsvayambhUstotra' sarvAdhika bhaktikAvya .. 767

Page #777
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir prasiddha haiN| isameM kula 143 saMskRta - chandoM meM RSabhAdi caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti kI gayI hai| stuti ke mAdhyama se bhI vastutaH jainacintana ko aura isake sAtha hI sAtha jainacintana ke mUlAdhAra tattva anekAnta - syAdvAda kI bhI yahA~ (Deepness Thought) adbhuta vyAkhyAe~ haiM / AcArya samantabhadra ke isa stotra kA paravartI jaina bhaktikAvya para bar3A prabhAva par3A hai / paccIsoM kRtiyA~ to 'svayambhUstotra' ke nAma se hI likhI gayI haiN| isake atirikta isa stotra ke viSaya evaM zailI kA anukaraNa karate hue to vividha bhASAoM aura vividha kAlakhaNDoM meM Aja taka zatAdhika kRtiyoM kI racanA huI hai| AcArya samantabhadra ke 'svayambhUstotra' ke atirikta saMskRta - jaina - stotra - sAhitya meM katipaya nimnalikhita stotra atyadhika pracalita haiM 1. bhaktAmara stotra ( AcArya mAnatuMga, sAtavIM zatI) 2. kalyANamandirastotra ( AcArya siddhasena apara nAma kumudacandra, sAtavIM zatI) 3. viSApahArastotra ( mahAkavi dhanaMjaya, AThavIM zatI) 4. jinasahasranAmastotra ( AcArya jinasena, AThavIM zatI) 5. ekIbhAvastotra ( AcArya vAdirAjasUri, gyArahavIM zatI) 6. pArzvanAthastotra ( kavivara dyAnatarAya, aThArahavIM zatI) 7. mahAvIrASTakastotra ( kavivara paM. bhAgacanda, unnIsavIM zatI) ina stotroM kA hajAroM jaina sAdhaka, sAmAnya jana bhI kaNThastha ho jAne se prAyaH pratidina pATha karate haiM aura isalie jaina bhakti - kAvya-saMgraha kI prAyaH pratyeka pustaka meM saMkalita hai| ina stotroM para saMskRta hindI Adi bhASAoM meM TIkAe~ to likhI hI gayI haiM, unakA hindI, marAThI, kannar3a, gujarAtI, a~grejI Adi prAya: sabhI bahupracalita bhASAoM meM gadyAnuvAda aura padyAnuvAda bhI kiyA jA cukA hai| isake atirikta inakI madhura svaroM meM oNDiyo-vIDiyo kaiseTsa aura sIDIja bhI banI haiN| ina stotroM kI lokapriyatA kA eka pramANa yaha hai ki sAmAnya loga inakA asalI nAma taka nahIM jAnate, phira bhI inheM apane hI rakhe hue nAma ke dvArA bahuta adhika par3hatesunate haiN| jaise- 'bhaktAmara stotra' kA vAstavika nAma to 'RSabhadeva-stotra' hai, kintu usakA prathama pada 'bhaktAmara ' hai - 'bhaktAmara - praNata- mauli-maNi - prabhANAm...', ata: usakA nAma janasAdhAraNa meM 'bhaktAmara stotra' hI pracalita ho gayA hai| isI prakAra devAgamastotra, kalyANamandira stotra aura ekIbhAva stotra kA bhI mUla nAma to kramazaH AptamImAMsA, pArzvanAthastotra aura caturviMzatitIrthaMkarastotra hai, kintu janasAdhAraNa meM unake nAma unake prAthamika padoM ke AdhAra para hI uparyuktAnusAra par3a gaye haiN| aisI hI sthiti aura bhI aneka stotroM kI hai| ukta sabhI jaina stotroM kA mUlataH adhyayana karane ke lie vibhinna sthAnoM se 768 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #778
prakAzita aura stotra-saMgraha usake mUla pAThoM ke atirakti nimna jinavANI-saMgrahoM ko bhI dekhanA caahie| yathA1. jaina stotra samuccaya, sampAdaka-muni caturavijaya, nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI, vi.saM. 1984 jaina stotra pATha saMgraha, sampAdaka-bra. dharmacandra jaina, prakAzaka-bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvatpariSad, gulAbavATikA, lonI roDa, dillI, san 2003 jJAnapITha pUjAMjali, sampAdaka-DaoN. e.ena. upAdhye evaM paM. phUlacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI 4. pUjana-pATha-pradIpa, mUla sampAdaka-paM. hIrAlAla jaina kauzala, prakAzaka zailI, zrI pArzvanAtha di. jaina mandira, purAnI sabjI maNDI, dillI-7 5. vRhajjinavANI saMgraha, sampAdaka-DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla, ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa, jayapura ukta stotroM meM bhI prasiddhi kI dRSTi se AcArya mAnatuMga kA 'bhaktAmara stotra' vizeSa rUpa se vikhyAta hai; kyoMki ise jainadharma ke digambara aura zvetAmbara-donoM hI sampradAyoM meM bar3I bhakti ke sAtha par3hA-par3hAyA jAtA hai| isameM zvetAmbara sampradAya ke anusAra 44 aura digambara sampradAya ke anusAra 48 vasantatilakA chanda haiM, jo bhAvavibhora karane kI adbhuta kSamatA rakhate haiN| udAharaNArtha nimnalikhita chanda dekhie "nidhUmavartirapavarjita-tailapUraH kRtsnaM jagattrayamidaM prkttiikrossi| gamyo na jAtu marutAM calitAcalAnAM dIpo'parastvamasi nAtha jgtprkaashH||6||" padyAnuvAda isa taraha hai dhUmarahita bAtI gata neha, parakAzai tribhuvana-ghara eh| vAtagamya nAhIM paracaNDa, apara dIpa tuma balau akhnndd| maMgalAcaraNa, bhakti aura stotroM ke atirikta jaina bhaktikAvya meM pUjAoM kA bhI bar3A bhaNDAra hai| sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kI to pRthak-pRthak aura sAmUhika rUpa se anaginata pUjAe~ likhI hI gayI haiM, siddha bhagavantoM, sAmAnya kevaliyoM, vividha tIrtha-kSetroM, jinavANI yA sarasvatI, nirgrantha munirAjoM aura dazalakSaNa, solahakAraNa, rakSAbandhana Adi pauM taka kI saikar3oM pUjAe~ haiN| deva-zAstra-guru, paMcaparameSThI Adi nAmoM se sAmUhika pUjAe~ bhI bar3I saMkhyA meM jaina kaviyoM ne likhI haiN| jaina bhakti kAvya meM upalabdha prAkRta, saMskRta va hindI kI sabhI jaina pUjAoM kI kula saMkhyA hajAroM meM hogii| pratyeka tIrthaMkara pUjA ke mukhyata: 5 bhAga hote haiM-sthApanA, aSTaka, paMcakalyANaka, bhaktikAvya :: 769 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #779
jayamAlA aura aashiirvcn| sthApanA meM stutya yA pUjya kA AhvAnana karake use apane hRdaya meM sthApita kiyA jAtA hai| aSTaka meM usI pUjya kI jala, candana, akSata, puSpa, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa, phala-ina ATha dravyoM se pRthak-pRthak pUjA karane ke bAda ina sabakA mizraNa rUpa arghya car3hAkara pUjA kI jAtI hai| 'paMcakalyANaka' vAlA bhAga kevala 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI pUjA ke lie hI prayoga kiyA jAtA hai jisameM garbhakalyANaka, janmakalyANaka, tapakalyANaka, jJAnakalyANaka aura mokSakalyANaka-ina paMcakalyANakoM se yukta tIrthaMkara ke pRthak-pRthak pA~ca arghya car3hAe jAte haiN| 'jayamAlA' pUjA kA bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa bhAga hotA hai| isameM pUjya kA guNAnuvAda to hotA hI hai, para aneka bAra unake jIvanacaritra Adi kA bhI sundara varNana upalabdha hotA hai| kabhI-kabhI jainadarzana ke tattvajJAna kA gUr3ha vyAkhyAna bhI ina jayamAlAoM meM upalabdha hotA hai yathA "sumati tIna sau chattIsoM, sumati bheda drshaay| sumati dehu vinatI karoM, sumati vilamba kraay|| paMca parAvaratana harana, paMca sumati sita dain| paMca labdhi dAtAra ke, guNa gAU~ dina rain||" kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki ukta dohoM kA sAhityika saundarya bhI manomugdhakArI hai| pUjA ke antima bhAga 'AzIrvacana' meM bhaktoM evaM jagat ke sabhI jIvoM ke kalyANa kI zubhakAmanA kI jAtI hai| jaina bhaktikAvya meM pUjAkAvya kA sthAna bhI bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai| lAkhoM zrAvaka-zrAvikAe~ pratidina anivArya rUpa se jainamandiroM meM jAkara zuddha vastra pahanakara, aSTa dravya se thAla sajAkara utsAhapUrvaka gA-gAkara ina pUjAoM ko par3hate haiN| DaoN. dayAcanda jaina sAhityAcArya kI kRti 'jaina pUjA kAvya : eka cintana' Adi grantha isa viSaya meM bar3e sahAyaka siddha hoge| ___jaina-pUjAkAvya ke antargata vRhatpUjAoM ke nirmANa kI bhI paramparA pracalita rahI hai, jise 'maNDalavidhAna' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| jaina kaviyoM ne saikar3oM maNDalavidhAna alaga-alaga taraha ke likhe haiM, inameM se aneka vidhAna to aise haiM jinakA pATha eka dina meM pUrA ho hI nahIM sakatA, usake lie kaI dinoM taka kucha ko meM ATha-dasa dinoM taka pUjA calanI hotI hai| katipaya suprasiddha jaina pUjana-maNDalavidhAnoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM siddhacakramaNDala vidhAna ___ 2. indradhvajamaNDala vidhAna ____3. yAgamaNDala vidhAna 4. cauMsaTha RddhimaNDala vidhAna 770 :: jainadharma paricaya 1. For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #780
maMgalAcaraNa, bhakti, stotra, pUjA evaM vidhAna ke atirikta jainabhaktikAvya meM 'stuti' yA 'bhajana' ke rUpa meM bhI hajAroM pada Aja upalabdha haiN| hindI (braja) bhASA meM to ina padoM kA lekhana itanI vipula mAtrA meM huA hai ki usakA eka vizAla koza-grantha hI alaga se prakAzita kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhAvagAmbhIrya aura padalAlitya-donoM hI dRSTiyoM se sabhI samIkSakoM ne ina padoM kI mukta-kaNTha se sarAhanA kI hai| udAharaNArtha eka pada draSTavya hai "nirakhata jinacandra-vadana, sva-pada-suruci aaii|| pragaTI nija Ana kI, pichAna jJAna-bhAna kI, kalA udyota hota kAma-yAminI plaaii|| sAsvata Ananda-svAda, pAyo vinasyo visAda, Ana meM aniSTa iSTa kalpanA nsaaii| sAdhI nija sAdhakI, samAdhi mohavyAdhi kI, upAdhi ko virAdhi ke ArAdhanA suhaaii|| dhana dina china Aja suguna, cinte jinarAja abai, sudhare saba kAja 'daula' acala riddhi paaii||" hindI padoM ke racayitAoM meM paM. banArasIdAsa, bhUdharadAsa, dyAnatarAya, bhagavatIdAsa, daulatarAma, bhAgacanda Adi kaviyoM ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| ____ aba yahA~ saMkSepa meM jainadharma ke bhakti siddhAnta ko samajhane kA bhI kucha prayatna kiyA jAtA hai : jainadharma ke bhakti siddhAnta ko samajhane ke lie nimnalikhita cAra viSayoM kA jJAna atyanta Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai 1. ArAdhya kA svarUpa (stutya), 2. bhakta kA svarUpa (stotA), 3. bhakti kA svarUpa (stuti), 4. bhakti kA phala (stuti-phl)| ina cAroM ke svarUpa ko saMkSepa meM spaSTa karane vAlA eka sAragrAhI zloka AcArya jinasena kRta 'jinasahasranAma stotra' meM upalabdha hotA hai, jo isa prakAra hai ___ "stutiH puNya-guNotkIrtiH stotA bhavyaH prsnndhiiH| niSThitArtho bhavAMstutyaH, phalaM naizreyasaM sukham // 10 artha bhagavAna ke pavitra guNoM kA kIrtana karanA 'stuti' hai, prasanna buddhi vAlA bhavya jIva 'stotA' hai, pUrNatayA kRtakRtya vItarAga sarvajJa paramAtmA stutya' haiM aura mokSa bhaktikAvya :: 771 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #781
sukha kI prApti 'stuti-phala' hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadharma ke anusAra stutya (ArAdhya) to kevala eka vahI hai jo mukta (janma-maraNa se rahita) evaM pUrNatayA zuddha-buddha arthAt vItarAga-sarvajJa" paramAtmA hai, kyoMki stuti kA prayojana (phala) mokSa (svayaM bhI pUrNa zuddha-buddha ho jAnA) hai| ___ isa dRSTi se yadyapi arhanta-siddha paramAtmA hI vAstava meM stutya haiM, kintu jaina kaviyoM ne apane bhaktikAvya meM inake atirikta katipaya anya ko bhI prayojanavazAt apanI stuti/bhakti kA viSaya banAyA hai| jaise1. vItarAga-sarvajJa paramAtmA kI vANI bhI stutya hai, kyoMki vaha bhI bhakta ko zuddha-buddha hone kA mArga samajhAtI hai| jinavANI kI pUjA bhI prakArAntara se jina bhagavAna kI hI pUjA hai| yathA "ye yajante zrutaM bhaktyA te yajante'JjasA jinm| na kiJcidantaraM prAhurAptA hi shrutdevtaaH||12 2. vItarAga-sarvajJa paramAtmA ke mArga para tejI se calane vAle AcArya, upAdhyAya sAdhu bhI stutya haiM, kyoMki ve unhIM ke pratibimba svarUpa haiM aura ve hameM mokSamArga para calane hetu sAkSAt rUpa se preraka siddha hote haiN| 3. jinacaitya (pratimA) aura jinacaityAlaya bhI stutya haiM, kyoMki unake mAdhyama se hama vItarAga-sarvajJa paramAtmA kI ArAdhanA sugamatA se kara pAte haiN| 4. tIrthasthAna bhI stutya haiM, kyoMki vahA~ para hamArA upayoga vItarAgatA-sarvajJatA kI ArAdhanA meM vizeSa lagatA hai| isI prakAra kucha anya bindu bhI hamArI stuti ke viSaya bane haiM, parantu carama lakSya ke rUpa meM se to pUrNa zuddha-buddha, janma-maraNa rahita mukta paramAtmA hI jaina stuti kA mukhya viSaya hai| daraasala, jainadarzana ke anusAra isa loka meM ananta AtmAe~ haiM aura ve sabhI samAna evaM svatantra haiN| sabhI AtmAe~ anAdikAla se azuddha svarNa-pASANa ke samAna moharAga-dveSAdi vikAroM se sahita bhI haiN| __ aisI sthiti meM jo AtmA samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra apanAkara apane moha-rAgadveSAdi vikAroM ko pUrNataH naSTa kara detA hai aura pUrNa zuddha-buddha mukta ho jAtA hai, vahI vAstava meM hamArI carama stuti kA viSaya hotA hai; kyoMki usase hameM svayaM bhI apane vikAroM ko naSTa kara zuddha-buddha banane kI preraNA yA zikSA milatI hai| yadyapi vaha zuddha-buddha paramAtmA pUrNata: vItarAga hone se bhakta ko zuddha-buddha banane meM kisI bhI prakAra kI koI sahAyatA nahIM karatA, kiJcit zikSA yA preraNA bhI sAkSAt 772 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #782
rUpa se nahIM detA, phira bhI bhakta ko sahaja hI unake guNastavana se aisI zikSA yA preraNA mila jAtI hai| ise hI vyavahAra se aisA kahA jAtA hai ki hameM unase zikSA prApta huii| yaha ThIka usI prakAra hai, jisa prakAra ki candramA ko zItalatAkArI aura santApahArI kahA jAtA hai| vastutaH candramA jAna-bUjhakara kisI ko zItalatA detA nahIM, usakA santApa dUra karatA nahIM, parantu jo vyakti usake Azraya meM jAte haiM, unheM apaneApa zItalatA prApta ho jAtI hai aura unakA santApa dUra ho jAtA hai| ata: aisA kahA jAtA hai ki candramA zItalatAdAyaka aura santApahAraka hai| jisa prakAra loka meM jise zreSTha khilAr3I bananA ho, use sarvotkRSTa khilAr3I ke prati bahumAna AtA hai, zreSTha vaktA bananA ho to zreSTha vaktA ke prati bahumAna AtA hai, zreSTha lekhaka bananA ho to zreSTha lekhaka ke prati bahumAna AtA hai, bar3A vyApArI bananA ho to bar3e vyApArI ke prati bahumAna AtA hai; usI prakAra jise pUrNa zuddha-buddha mukta paramAtmA bananA ho, use pUrNa zuddha-buddha mukta paramAtmA ke prati sahaja hI bahumAna AtA hai| yahI bhakti hai| ukta laukika udAharaNoM meM to koI kisI rUpa meM hamArI sahAyatA kara bhI sakatA ho, kintu svayaM ke zuddha-buddha paramAtmA banane meM paramAtmA hamArI kisI prakAra se koI sahAyatA nahIM karate haiM, koI preraNA bhI nahIM dete haiN| hama to svayaM hI unake uttama guNoM kI smRti se apane citta ko pavitra karate haiN| isa viSaya meM AcArya samantabhadra kA eka zloka bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa hai, jo isa prakAra hai "na pUjayArthastvayi vItarAge na nindayA nAtha vivaantvaire| tathApi te puNyaguNasmRtirnaH punAti cittaM duritaanyjnebhyH||" 14 artha-he jinendra! tuma vItarAga ho, ata: pUjA se tumheM kucha nahIM hotA, tuma vItadveSa bhI ho, ata: nindA se bhI tumheM kucha nahIM hotaa| tathApi tumhAre pavitra guNoM kI smRti hamAre citta ko pAparUpI kAlimA se mukta kara pavitra banA detI hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki jainadharma ke anusAra bhagavAna pUrNataH rAga-dveSa rahita (vItarAga) hote haiN| ve jagat ke kartA-dhartA-hartA to hote hI nahIM, prazaMsA-nindA sunakara kiJcit rAga-dveSa bhI nahIM karate haiN| ataH unheM bhaktoM kA anugraha aura duSToM kA nigraha karane vAlA kahanA paramArthataH satya nahIM hai| jaina bhakti-siddhAnta kI eka aura mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha kisI vyakti-vizeSa ko apanA stutya nahIM mAnatI, apitu vItarAgatAdi guNoM ko hI vAstava meM apanA stutya mAnatI hai| sabhI jaina bhakta kaviyoM ne isa prakAra kA bhAva bArambAra prakaTa kiyA hai-prAkRta-saMskRta bhASAoM meM bhI aura hindI meM bhii| yathA bhaktikAvya :: 773 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #783
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 1. 2. www. kobatirth.org "bhavabIjAGkurajananAH rAgAdyAH kSayamapugatAH ysy| brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastasmai / / " 15 jisane rAga-dveSa- kAmAdika jIte saba jaga jAna liyaa| saba jIvoM ko mokSamArga kA nispRha ho upadeza diyA / buddha - vIra - jina - hari-hara-brahmA yA usako svAdhIna kaho / bhaktibhAva se prerita ho yaha citta usI meM lIna rho||" jainadharma meM bhakti kI paribhASA hI guNAnurAga hai "arhadAdiguNAnurAgo bhakti: / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 117 jina jinendra, arhat, arihaMta Adi bhI koI vyakti vizeSa yA usake nAma vizeSa nahIM hai, apitu jisa bhI jIva ne apane moha - rAga- -dveSAdi vikAroM ko yA indriyAsakti ko jIta liyA hai aura jinhoMne vItarAgatAdi guNoM ko prApta kara lene ke kAraNa pUjyatA ko prApta kara liyA hai, use hI jina, jinendra, arhat yA arhanta Adi kahA gayA hai| 'bhakti' kI paribhASA meM Agata 'guNAnurAga' pada kA artha bhI vAstava meM unake guNoM ko jAnanA, pahacAnanA aura unheM prApta karane kA puruSArtha karanA hI samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki jainadharma meM andhabhakti yA korI bhAvukatApUrNa bhakti nahIM hotI, apitu usameM pUrNa jAgRta viveka bhI hotA hai aura vaha kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM hamAre moha-rAgadveSa ko kSaya karane meM upayogI avazya banatI hai| AcArya kundakunda deva ne bhI yahI kahA hai "jo jANadi arihaMtaM, davvattaguNattapajjayattehiM / so jANadi appANaM, moho khalu jAdi tassa layaM / / 8 artha-jo arhanta ko dravyatva, guNatva aura paryAyatva ke dvArA jAnatA hai, vaha apane AtmA ko jAna letA hai aura usakA moha avazya naSTa ho jAtA hai| anta meM, niSkarSa ke rUpa meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki 1. jaina bhakti siddhAnta ko samajhane ke lie cAra viSayoM kA jJAna anivArya haistutya, stotA, stuti evaM stutiphala / 2. jainadharma ke anusAra mAtra vItarAga - sarvajJa paramAtmA hI stutya (upAsya) hai, anya jo moha - rAga-dveSa - ajJAna Adi vikAroM se sahita hai, stutya nahIM ho sakatA / hA~, vItarAga - sarvajJa jinendra deva kI vANI, unakI pratimA, AcArya-upAdhyAyasAdhu parameSThI aura tIrthasthAnAdi vItarAgatA - sarvajJatA ke sAdhaka nimitta bhI stutya mAne gae haiN| 774 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #784
3. jaina-bhakti vyaktivizeSa yA nAmavizeSa ko mahattva nahIM detI, apitu vItarAgatAdi ___ guNoM ko vizeSa mahattva detI hai| guNAnurAga kA hI nAma bhakti hai| 4. stutya svarUpa paramAtmA pUrNataH rAga-dveSa-rahita hone ke kAraNa pUjaka-nindaka kA kucha bhI bhalA-burA nahIM krte| pUjaka-nindaka apane bhAvoM ke kAraNa svayameva vaisA phala prApta karate haiN| 5. paramAtmA ke guNastavana rUpa bhakti se bhakta ko sahaja hI vItarAgatAdi uttama guNoM kI prApti hotI hai| yadyapi vItarAgatAdi guNoM kI prApti meM bhI paramAtmA bhakta kI koI sAkSAt sahAyatA nahIM karate haiM, use kisI prakAra kI koI preraNA bhI nahIM dete. parantu bhakta unake guNoM ke smaraNa-cintana se mahAn preraNA prApta karatA hai aura phira pUrNa vItarAgatAdi guNoM kI prApti meM bhI saphala ho jAtA hai| 6. jainadharma ke anusAra bhakti kA prayojana kisI bhI prakAra kA koI bhaya yA AzA nahIM hai, apitu vItarAga-sarvajJa paramAtmA ke prati bhakta ke hRdaya meM sahaja hI utpanna huA aisA Adara-bahumAna kA bhAva hai, jo use AtmasvarUpa kI pahacAna karAkara usake moha-rAga-dveSa-ajJAnAdi vikAroM ke kSaya kA hetu banatA hai| 7. jainadharma meM bhakti kI adhikatA (andhabhakti) kA nahIM, apitu usakI samIcInatA kA mahattva hai (samyak prnnmy)| samIcIna bhakti hI zreSTha/sArthaka bhakti kahI gayI hai, tathA samIcIna bhakti ke lie sarvaprathama paramAtmA ko svarUpataH bhalI bhA~ti jAnanA Avazyaka kahA hai| 8. jainadharma ke anusAra paramAtmA kI bhakti-stuti kA antima phala svayaM bhI zuddha buddha paramAtmA bana jAnA hai| ananta kAla taka bhagavAna kA dAsa hI bane rahane kI kAmanA jaina-bhakti meM nahIM kI jAtI hai-"taulauM seOM caraNa jinake, mokSa jaulauM na paauuN|"19 arthAt-he jinendra! maiM taba taka Apake caraNoM kI sevA karU~, jaba taka ki mokSa prApta na kara luuN| 9. jainadharma ke anusAra paramAtmA kI bhakti-stuti ke aneka rUpa ho sakate haiMdarzana, pUjana, nati, vinati, praNati, pUjana, japa, tapa, dhyAna, svAdhyAya, ityaadi| koI bhI bhakta apane hisAba se kisI bhI rUpa ke dvArA paramAtmA ke guNoM ko pahacAnakara unake prati apane hRdaya meM Adara-bahumAna kA bhAva utpanna kara svayaM bhI vItarAga-sarvajJa banane kA puruSArtha kara sakatA hai| sandarbha 1. AcArya puSpadanta-bhUtabali, SaTkhaNDAgama, gAthA 1 2. AcArya umAsvAmI, tattvArthasUtra, maMgalAcaraNa 3. dekho-jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 3, pRSTha 197 bhaktikAvya :: 775 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #785
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 4. dekho - jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 3, pRSTha 197 5. DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna, pRSTha 71 - evaM 499 6. DaoN. premasAgara jaina, jaina zodha aura samIkSA, pRSTha 40 7. kavi vRndAvanadAsa kRta sumatinAtha tIrthaMkara pUjA, jayamAtA, chanda 1 va 3 8. prakAzaka- bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI, san 2003 9. daulata vilAsa, pada 28, bhAratIya jJAnapITha nayI dillI 10. jinasahasranAma stotra, jJAnapITha pUjAMjali, pRSTha 408 11. zuddha arthAt vItarAga / buddha arthAt sarvajJa / 12. paM. AzAdhara, sAgAra dharmAmRta, 2/44 13. " zazi zAntikaraNa tapaharana heta / svayameva tathA tuma kuzala deta / " - kavivara daulatarAma, devastuti (daulatavilAsa, pRSTha ) 14. AcArya samantabhadra, svayambhU srota, vAsupUjya stavana, chanda 2 15. AcArya hemacandrasUri, syAdvAdamaMjarI, prastAvanA, pRSTha 7 16. kavivara jugalakizora mukhtAra, merI bhAvanA, chanda 1 17. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, gAthA 46 18. AcArya kundakunda, pravacanasAra, gAthA 80 19. zAntipATha bhASA, jJAnapITha pUjAMjali, pRSTha 161 776 :: jainadharma paricaya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 20. dhavalA, pustaka 9, khaNDa 4, bhAga 1, sUtra 55, pRSTha 293 meM dvAdazAMga ke svAdhyAya ko bhI stuti kahA hai / yathA - " bArasaMga... / tamhi jo uvaogo vAyaNa-pucchaNapariyaTTaNANuvekkhaNasarUvo so vi thaovayAreNa / " arthAt dvAdazAMga rUpa jinavANI meM bA~canA, pRcchanA, parivartanA, anuprekSA rUpa upayoga lagAnA bhI upacAra se stava (stuti) hai / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #786
prAkRta-apabhraMza sAhitya-paramparA pro. rAjArAma jaina deza-videza ke prAcyavidyAvidoM ke anusAra bhAratIya vAGmaya kA uSa:kAla vaidika-kAla meM una sAdhaka tapasviyoM kI vANI se prArambha hotA hai, jinhoMne uSAsundarI ke lAvaNya ko parakhA aura sarAhA thaa| prakRti kI komala aura raudra-zaktiyoM ne kautUhala aura Azcarya se jana-mana ko bhara diyA thaa| ata: unhoMne AzA-nirAzA, harSa-viSAda evaM sukha-duHkha sambandhI udgAroM ko alaMkRta-vANI meM sa~jokara prakaTa kiyA aura isake samakAlIna grantha Rgveda meM prAcya bhAratIya bhASA aura sAhitya kI prathama-rekhA aMkita huii| Rgveda kI bhASA chAndas thii| atharvaveda kI bhI bhASA chAndas thI; kintu ina donoM (Rgveda aura atharvaveda) kI chAndas-bhASA meM paryApta antara hai| kucha bhASA-zAstriyoM kA abhimata hai ki Rgveda kI bhASA brAhmaNa-sAhitya kI saMskRta meM DhalI huI eka sunizcita paramparA-sammata hai, jaba ki atharvaveda kI bhASA samakAlIna jana-bhASA mizrita hai aura isake sAhitya meM paryApta loka-tattva bhI pAye jAte haiN| isa kAraNa gaveSakoM ke anusAra Arya-bhASA aura Arya-sAhitya para dravir3a evaM muNDA-varga kI bhASA tathA sAhitya kA prabhAva paryApta rUpa meM par3A hai aura atharvaveda isI prabhAva ko abhivyakta kara rahA hai| AryoM ke sAmAjika vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha bolacAla kI bhASA bhI parivartita hotI rhii| isa kAraNa dhvanyAtmaka evaM pada-racanAtmaka dRSTi se usameM paryApta vikAsa hotA rhaa| brAhmaNa evaM upaniSad-kAla meM vaibhASika pravRttiyA~ spaSTataH parilakSita hotI haiN| vaidika-kAla para prAcya jana-bhASA kA itanA adhika prabhAva par3A ki jisase brAhmaNagranthoM ne asaMskRta tathA azuddha prAcya-prabhAva se apane ko surakSita rakhane kI ghoSaNA kii| kauSItakI-brAhmaNa meM udIcya logoM ke uccAraNa kI prazaMsA kI gayI hai aura unheM bhASA kI zikSA meM guru bhI mAnA gayA hai| chAndas-yugIna dezya-bhASA hI prAkRta thI maharSi pANini (IsA-pUrva chaThI sadI ke AsapAsa) ne jisa saMskRta-bhASA kA prAkRta-apabhraMza sAhitya-paramparA :: 777 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #787
zabdAnuzAsana likhA hai, vaha udIcyA-bhASA hI hai| prAcyA-bhASA, udIcyA kI dRSTi se asaMskRta evaM azuddha thI, kyoMki usa para muNDA aura dravir3a-jaisI loka-bhASAoM kA paryApta prabhAva thaa| vrAtyoM kI nindA jahA~ unake yajJa-yAgAdi meM AsthA na rahane ke kAraNa kI gayI thI, vahIM unakI dezyabhASA bhI eka kAraNa thaa| ataH yaha svIkAra karanA par3egA ki chAndas-yuga meM dezya-bhASA kI eka kSINa-dhArA pravAhita ho rahI thI, jo Age calakara prAkRta ke nAma se vikhyAta huii| kucha vidvAnoM kI yaha bhI mAnyatA hai ki chAndas ke samAnAntara koI jana-bhASA avazya thI aura yahI jana-bhASA pariniSThita sAhitya ke rUpa meM vedoM meM prayukta huii| maharSi pANini ne vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM dvArA saMskRta ko anuzAsita kara laukika saMskRtabhASA kA rUpa upasthita kiyaa| pANini ke vyAkaraNa se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki chAndas kI pravRttiyA~ vaikalpika thii| ataH unhoMne ina vikalpoM kA parihAra kara eka sArvajanIna mAnya-rUpa upasthita kiyaa| veda kI vaikalpika vidhiyA~ apane mUlarUpa meM barAbara calatI rhiiN| jinake Upara pANinIya-tantra kA aMkuza nahIM rahA aura ve vikasita pravRttiyA~ prAkRta ke nAma se pukArI jAne lgiiN| prAcyA : dezya athavA prAkRta kI mUla-srota prAcyA, jo ki 'dezya' yA 'prAkRta' kI mUla hai, usakA vAstavika rUpa kyA thA, isakI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| vardhamAna mahAvIra evaM gautama buddha ke upadezoM kI bhASAprAkRta bhI Aja mUlarUpa meM upalabdha nhiiN| usakA jo rUpa Aja nizcita rUpa se upalabdha hai, vaha hai priyadarzI samrATa azoka ke zilAlekhoM kI bhaassaa| ina zilAlekhoM kI bhASA meM bhI ekarUpatA nahIM hai| unameM vibhinna vaibhASika pravRttiyA~ sannihita haiN| prAkRta ke vividha rUpa evaM unakA sAhitya ukta zilAlekhoM kA prathama-rUpa pUrva kI sthAnIya bolI hai, jo ki azoka kI rAjadhAnI pATaliputra meM vyavahAra meM lAI jAtI thI aura jise usake sAmrAjya kI 'antaHprAntIya-bhASA' kahA jA sakatA hai| dUsarA rUpa uttara-pazcima kI sthAnIya bolI hai, jisakA atyanta prAcIna svarUpa ukta zilAlekhoM meM surakSita hai| eka prakAra se isI bhASA ko sAhityika prAkRta kA mUlarUpa kahA jA sakatA hai| tIsarA rUpa pazcima kI sthAnIya bolI hai, jisakA rUpa hindukuza-parvata (vartamAna pAkistAna) ke AsapAsa se evaM vindhyAcala ke samIpavartI pradezoM meM mAnA gayA hai| bhASA-zAstriyoM kA aisA anumAna hai, ki yaha paizAcI-bhASA (prAkRta) rahI hogI athavA isI se paizAcI-bhASA kA vikAsa huA hogaa| 778 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #788
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir priyadarzI azoka ke zilAlekhoM ke ukta bhASA - bhedoM meM se pUrvIya-bhASA kA sambandha mAgadhI evaM ardhamAgadhI ke sAtha hai| mAgadhI prAkRta kA koI svatantra grantha vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke pravacanoM kA saMkalana dvAdazAMga - vANI ke nAma se prasiddha hai, jisakI bhASA ardhamAgadhI thI, kintu upalabdha ardhamAgadhI Agama - sAhitya kI bhASA meM bhI prAcyakAlIna aneka pravRttiyA~ dRSTigocara nahIM hotIM / uttara - pazcima kI bolI kA sambandha zaurasenI ke sAtha hai, jisakA vikasita rUpa di. jainAgamoM evaM samrATa khAravela ke hAthIgumphA - zilAlekha tathA saMskRta - nATakoM meM upalabdha hai / pazcimI bolI kA sambandha paizAcI ke sAtha hai, jisakA rUpa mahAkavi guNADhya kRta 'vaDDhakahA' meM surakSita thA, jo durbhAgya se vartamAna meM anupalabdha hai, parantu prakArAntara se vaha avazya hI saMskRta - nATakoM meM prakIrNaka rUpa meM upalabdha hai| prathama prAkRta ke 'ArSa' evaM 'zilAlekhIya ' -- ye do bheda kie gaye haiN| ArSaprAkRta jainAgamoM evaM bauddhAgamoM kI bhASA mAnI gayI hai, jinakI carcA Upara kI jA cukI hai / zilAlekhIya prAkRta ke namUne ke rUpa meM brAhmI evaM kharoSThI lipiyoM meM upalabdha zilAlekha haiM / dvitIya- prAkRta meM vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA vivecita mahArASTrI, zaurasenI, mAgadhI aura paizAcIbhASAoM kA sAhitya prastuta hotA hai / ukta mahArASTrI prAkRta ko dvitIya - prAkRta kI sAhityika pariniSThita bhASA mAnA gayA hai| mahAkavi daNDI ne mahArASTrI prAkRta kI paryApta prazaMsA kI hai / vararuci ke prAkRta - prakAza' se hI isa tathya kA samarthana hotA hai ki mahArASTrIya prAkRta paryApta samRddha rUpa meM vartamAna thI / yaha bhASA - zailI usa samaya Avindhya - himAlaya rUpa bhArata kI rASTrabhASA mAnI jA sakatI hai / yadyapi suprasiddha prAcyabhASAvid DaoN. manamohana ghoSa mahArASTrI aura zaurasenI ko do pRthak-pRthak bhASAe~ nahIM mAnate, balki eka hI bhASA kI do zailiyA~ mAnate haiN| unakA kathana hai ki " gadya-zailI kA nAma zaurasenI aura padya - zailI kA nAma mahArASTrI hai|" mUlataH to yaha sAmAnya prAkRta hI hai aura zailI - bheda se hI usake do bheda kiye jA sakate haiM, kintu DaoN. ghoSa kI yaha mAnyatA sarvasammata nahIM hai| bhASA - zAstriyoM ke anusAra madhyakAla meM jaba saMskRta dharma aura kAvya kI bhASA bana gayI aura bolacAla kI bhASA se bahuta dUra haTa gayI, taba lokaparaka sudhAravAdI krAnti ne ukta prAkRta bhASA ko apane pracAra-prasAra kA mAdhyama bnaayaa| yaha satya hai ki prArambha meM prAkRta - sAhitya dhArmika krAnti se prAdurbhUta huA, tadanantara saundarya aura antas-bhAvanAoM kI abhivyaMjanA bhI isa bhASA meM kI jAne lgii| ataeva rasamaya sAhitya kI racanAe~ bhI prAkRta meM kI jAne lgiiN| phalataH kAvya, nATaka evaM anya prAkRta- apabhraMza sAhitya - paramparA :: 779 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #789
sAhityika vidhAoM ke praNayana kA mAdhyama bhI prAkRta bnii| setubandha', 'gauDavaho'jaise zAstrIya mahAkAvyoM ke atirikta 'gAthAsaptazatI'-jaisI jana-jIvana se sambandhita marmasparzI racanAe~ aura anya zAzvata-koTi kI darjanoM racanAe~ bhI prAkRta meM likhI gyiiN| prAkRtoM ke vikAsa meM jainAcAryoM kA yogadAna jainAcArya-lekhakoM kI yaha vizeSatA rahI hai ki unhoMne lokanAyaka vardhamAnamahAvIra ke samAna hI paravartI kAloM meM lokabhASA prAkRta ko sammAna diyaa| yahI kAraNa hai IsvI san ke prArambha se hI zAzvata-koTi ke vividha viSayaka zatAdhika prAkRtagrantha likhe gye| unake prAkRta-kathA sAhitya kI prazaMsA to prAcya evaM pAzcAtya prAcyavidyAvidoM ne mukta-kaNTha se kI hai| guNa evaM parimANa donoM hI dRSTiyoM se vaha vizAla hai| suprasiddha jarmana-vidvAn DaoN. morisa viMTaranitz2a ne kahA hai ki "zramaNasAhitya kI kathAe~ kevala nijandharI kathAoM se hI nahIM lI gayIM, apitu loka-kathAoM, parI-kathAoM aura dRSTAnta-kathAoM se bhI gRhIta haiN|.....jain sAhitya kI TIkAoM evaM vipula jaina kathA-sAhitya ke mAdhyama se prAcIna bhAratIya kathA-rUpI amUlya ujjvala maNiyA~ hamAre sammukha nirantara prasUta hotI rhiiN| yadi jaina-lekhaka ina bhAratIya kathAoM ko prazraya na dete, to Aja unakA astitva hI nahIM rhtaa| jaina-lekhakoM ne nissandeha vividha kathAnakoM evaM AkhyAnoM ke una vividha rocaka rUpoM kI bhI surakSA kI hai, jinakI sUcanA anya srotoM se bhI upalabdha hai|" zodhArthiyoM kI dRSTi se ukta kathA-sAhitya ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai(1) upadezoM kI puSTi evaM spaSTIkaraNa ke nimitta nIti, AcAra evaM dharma sambandhI sUktiyoM ko lekara likhI gayI laukika evaM dRSTAnta kthaaeN| (2) ghaTanA pradhAna pravAhAtmaka AkhyAna, jinake anta meM koI zikSA athavA cAritrika niSkarSa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| (3) bRhatkathA-isa koTi kI kathAe~, jo Adhunika upanyAsa ke samAna vistRta dharAtala para nirmita haiN| tathA, (4) purANa evaM crit-saahity| jainAcAryoM ne vividha pakSIya prAkRta jaina-sAhitya kA vargIkaraNa dravyAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga evaM prathamAnuyoga rUpa caturvidha-anuyogoM meM karate hue kathAsAhitya ko prathamAnuyoga-sAhitya kI saMjJA pradAna kI hai| ina anuyoga-vidhA ke rUpa meM zAzvata-koTi ke zatAdhika granthoM kI racanAe~ huiiN| saMskRta-nATakoM meM prayukta prAkRta-sandarbho ke atirikta svatantra rUpa se prAkRta-bhASA meM nATaka bhI likhe gye| rUpaka-tattva kI dRSTi se ina nATakoM ko 'saTTaka' kI saMjJA 780 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #790
pradAna kI gyii| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki saMskRta-nATikA kA parivartita rUpa hI prAkRtasaTTaka hai| nATya-zAstra meM varNita nATikA ke prAyaH samasta lakSaNa saTTaka-granthoM meM sannihita haiN| ina saTTakoM kA nAyaka straiNa evaM vilAsI prakRti kA rAjA hotA hai, jo rAjya kA bhAra apane mantrI ko sauMpakara anta:pura meM vilAsa-krIDAe~ karatA rahatA hai| saTTaka meM nATikA ke samAna aMka, pravezaka evaM viSkambhaka nahIM hote| aMka ko 'javanikA' kahA jAtA hai| samasta saTTaka cAra javanikAntaroM meM vibhakta hote haiN| ye bhaMgAra-rasa pradhAna hote haiM aura inameM raudra-rasa kA abhAva hotA hai| isake atirikta anya rasa gauNa rahate haiN| vIra, bhayAnaka evaM vIbhatsa rasoM kA prayoga kamatara rahatA hai| adbhutarasa anivAryataH hotA hai| saTTaka kA nAma nAyikA ke nAma para rakhA jAtA hai| IsA pUrva 200 varSa ke AsapAsa utkIrNita bharahata ke eka zilAlekha meM 'sADika' zabda kA ullekha milatA hai| jo nRtya ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| nATya-zAstriyoM ke anusAra saTTaka zabda usI kA paravartI rUpa hai| mahAkavi zAradAtanaya ne bhI saTTaka ko nRtya-bhedAtmaka kahA hai| kula milAkara saTTaka' zabda kA kramika-vikAsa karpUramaMjarI' (rAjazekhara, 10vIM sadI) evaM anya saTTakoM meM milatA hai| jaina stotra-sAhitya anya vidhAoM meM prAkRta-bhASAtmaka jaina stotra-sAhitya bhI vizAla, sarasa evaM hRdayasparzI hai| isameM AtmavizvAsa aura AtmavismRti gahare rUpa meM aMkita hai| unameM bhAvukatA evaM hRdaya kI taralatA itanI saghana hai ki unheM prAkRta kAvya-zreNI meM parigaNita kiye binA nahIM rahA jA sktaa| apabhraMza : lakSaNa-zAstriyoM kI dRSTi meM ___ bhASA-zAstriyoM ne tIsarI koTi kI prAkRta ko apabhraMza kahA hai| kucha lakSaNazAstriyoM ke anusAra apabhraMza eka bhraSTa bhASA hai, kintu apabhraMza-bhASA-vizeSajJa isa kathana se sahamata nahIM haiN| unake anusAra yaha (apabhraMza) vaha bhASA hai, jisakI zabdAvalI evaM vAkya-vinyAsa saMskRta-zabdAnuzAsana ke niyamoM aura upaniyamoM se anuzAsita nahIM aura jo zabdAvalI dezI-bhASAoM meM pracalita hai tathA saMskRta ke zabdoM ke yathArtha uccarita na hone ke kAraNa kucha vikRta rUpa meM uccarita hai, vahI zabdAvalI apabhraMza-bhASA ke antargata AtI hai| ataH apabhraMza vaha bhASA hai, jisameM prAkRta kI tulanA meM apekSAkRta adhika dezI zabda upalabdha haiM tathA vAkya-racanA evaM anya kaI dRSTiyoM se saralIkaraNa tathA dezIkaraNa kI pravRtti adhikatara prApta hotI hai aura jisakI zabda-rAzi maharSi prAkRta-apabhraMza sAhitya-paramparA :: 781 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #791
pANini ke vyAkaraNa se siddha nahIM hai| ukAra-bahulA-bhASA-suprasiddha lakSaNazAstrI bharatamuni (dUsarI sadI IsvI) ne yadyapi apabhraMza kA spaSTa ullekha nahIM kiyA, phira bhI unhoMne saMskRta evaM prAkRta ke sAthasAtha dezya bhASA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai aura isI bhASA meM zabara, AbhIra, cANDAla, draviDa, oDra tathA anya vanecaroM kI vibhASAoM kI bhI ginatI kI hai| ataH bharatamuni kA ukta ullekha apabhraMza ke astitva kI sUcanA detA hai, kyoMki Age calakara vividha dezoM meM vividha prakAra kI bhASAoM ke prayoga kiye jAne kA unhoMne ullekha kiyA hai| unake anusAra himAlaya ke pArzvavartI dezoM tathA sindhu-sauvIra dezavAsiyoM ke lie ukAra-bahulA-bhASA kA prayoga honA caahie| ukAra-bahula zabda vastutaH apabhraMza kI hI sarvavidita pravRtti hai| isase apabhraMza tathA usakA prayoga karane vAle sthaloM kI sUcanA mila jAtI hai| ___ yaha niyama to sarvavidita hI hai ki jaba koI bhI bolI vyAkaraNa evaM sAhitya ke niyamoM meM Abaddha ho jAtI hai, taba vaha kAvya-bhASA kA rUpa grahaNa kara letI hai| usakA yahI rUpa pariniSThita kahalAtA hai aura vaha kAvya ke ramya kalevara meM suzobhita hone lagatA hai| prastuta apabhraMza-bhASA kI bhI yahI sthiti hai| apabhraMza kAvya-racanA meM nipuNa rAjA guhasena balabhI (gujarAta) ke rAjA dharasena dvitIya (678 I. ke lagabhaga) ke eka dAnapatra se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki usake samaya meM saMskRta evaM prAkRta ke sAtha hI apabhraMza meM bhI kAvya-racanA karanA eka viziSTa pratibhA kA dyotaka prazaMsanIya cihna mAnA jAne lagA thaa| ukta dAna-patra meM rAjA dharasena ne apane pitA guhasena (559-569 I.) ko saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza kAvya-racanA meM atyanta nipuNa kahA hai| isa tathya se bhI vidita hotA hai ki apabhraMza-bhASA IsvI kI chaThI sadI taka vyAkaraNa evaM sAhitya ke niyamoM se pariniSThita ho cukI thI aura vaha kAvya-racanA kA mAdhyama bana cukI thii| AcArya bhAmaha (chaThI sadI kA antima caraNa) ne apabhraMza ko kAvya-racanA ke lie atyanta upayogI mAnate hue use saMskRta evaM prAkRta ke bAda tRtIya sthAna diyA hai| yadyapi bhAmaha ne yaha sUcanA nahIM dI ki apabhraMza kisakI bolI thI yA kise isakA prayoga karanA cAhie; phira bhI yaha to spaSTa hai ki apabhraMza kA astitva bhAmaha ke samaya meM A cukA thA athavA apabhraMza ne kAvya kA paridhAna svIkAra kara liyA thaa| mahAkavi daNDI ne apabhraMza kAvyoM meM prayukta hone vAle osarAdi chandoM kA nirdeza karake apabhraMza-sAhitya ke samRddha ho cukane kI sUcanA bhI dI hai| isa prasaMga meM yahA~ 782 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #792
yaha dhyAtavya hai ki daNDI ne pracalita sAhitya ko cAra bhedoM-(saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza evaM mizra) meM vibhakta kiyA hai| bhASA-bheda kA usakA dRSTikoNa nahIM hai| kucha loga apabhraMza ko bhramavaza prAkRta se bhinna mAnane lagate haiM, kintu daNDI ne aisA kabhI bhI nahIM kiyA aura kahIM bhI nahIM khaa| jisa prakAra pAli prAkRta kA eka prAcInatama rUpa hai, usI prakAra apabhraMza bhI prAkRta kA eka navInatama rUpa hai| campU-kAvyakAra udyotana sUri ke vicAra kramazaH vikasita hote-hote apabhraMza-bhASA ne AThavIM sadI taka eka aisA gauravapUrNa sthAna prApta kara liyA thA ki jaina mahAkavi udyotana sUri (vi. saM. 835) ko apanI "kuvalayamAlAkahA' meM saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza kI tulanA karate hue likhanA par3A__"aneka pada-samAsa, nipAta, upasarga, vibhakti evaM liMga inakI durUhatA ke kAraNa saMskRta durjanoM ke samAna viSama hai| samasta kalA-kalApoM kI mAlA-rUpI jala-kalloloM se vyApta, lokavRttAnta rUpI mahAsAgara se mahApuruSoM dvArA niSkAsita, amRta-binduoM se yukta tathA yathAkramAnusAra varNoM evaM padoM se saMghaTita vividha racanAoM ke yogya aura sajjanoM kI madhura-vANI ke samAna hI sukha dene vAlI prAkRta-bhASA hotI hai| saMskRta evaM prAkRta se mizrita zuddha-azuddha padoM se yukta sama evaM viSama taraMga-lIlAoM se yukta, varSA-kAla ke navIna megha-samUhoM ke dvArA pravAhita jalapUroM se yukta, parvatIya nadI ke samAna tathA praNayakupita praNayinI ke samullApoM ke samAna hI apabhraMza rasamadhura hotI hai|" rudraTa (nauvIM sadI) ne apane kAvyAlaMkAra meM apabhraMza ko sAhityika bhASA kA gaurava pradAna karate hue use deza-bheda se vividha prakAra kA batalAyA hai| mahAkavi rAjazekhara (dasavIM sadI) kRta 'kAvyamImAMsA' meM kAvyarUpI puruSa ke zarIra-gaThana kI carcA karate hue apabhraMza ko usakI jaMdhA mAnA gayA hai tathA usake pracAra kSetra marubhUmi, Takka evaM bhAdAnaka batAe gaye haiN| eka anya sthAna para usameM surASTra, travaNa tathA anyAnya samIpavartI prAntoM ke nivAsiyoM ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki ve saMskRta kA prayoga to bar3A acchA karate haiM, kintu unakI saMskRta apabhraMza se milatI huI rahatI hai| Age calakara punaH batalAyA gayA hai ki samrATa ke sabhI karmacAriyoM, sevikAoM tathA ghaniSTha mitroM ko apabhraMza kA jJAna honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai| punaH yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki rAja-darabAra meM citrakAra, mANikya-bandhaka, vaikaTika, svarNakAra, varddhaki, lauhakAra Adi ke pUrva apabhraMza-kaviyoM ko baiThAyA jAnA caahie| AcArya nami sAdhu (san 1069 I. ke lagabhaga) ne apabhraMza ke upanAgara, AbhIra evaM grAmyA-ye tIna pramukha bheda karate hue use anekabhedA svIkAra kiyA hai tathA loka prAkRta-apabhraMza sAhitya-paramparA :: 783 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #793
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org ko hI usakA srota mAnA hai| nami sAdhu ne magadha meM bhI apabhraMza ke pracAra kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa kathana se yaha anumAna sahaja hI lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki apabhraMza, lokabhASA kA rUpa grahaNa kara rahI thI aura deza-vizeSa ke kAraNa usameM aneka zAkhAe~upazAkhAe~ utpanna ho rahI thIM / Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir uparyukta tathyoM kA sUkSma adhyayana karane se yaha spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki I. pU. dUsarI sadI se jahA~ apabhraMza kA nAmollekha mAtra milatA thA aura apANinIya zabdoM ke atirikta vAle zabdoM ko apabhraSTa, vikRta yA azuddha zabda apabhraMza kI saMjJA prApta karate the, vahIM IsvI san kI 6ThI - 7vIM sadI taka vaha eka sAhityika bhASA ke rUpa meM pracalita ho gayI aura 10vIM - 11vIM sadI taka vaha eka sazakta evaM samRddha-- bhASA ke rUpa meM vikasita ho gyii| isa kAraNa itihAsakAroM ne use apabhraMza bhASA aura usake sAhitya kA svarNakAla mAnA hai| tatpazcAt vahI Adhunika dezyabhASAoM ke rUpa meM vikasita hone lagI, yadyapi apabhraMza - sAhitya kI racanA 15vIM 16vIM sadI taka calatI rahI / apabhraMza - sAhitya kA prArambha muktakoM se samIkSakoM ke anusAra apabhraMza - sAhitya muktaka-kAvya se prArambha hokara prabandhakAvya zailI meM paryavasAna ko prApta huA / yataH bhAratIya sAhitya kI paramparA muktaka se prArambha huI prApta hotI hai| prArambha meM jIvana yathArthataH kinhIM eka-do bhAvanAoM ke dvArA hI abhivyaMjita kiyA jAtA hai, para jaise-jaise jJAna aura saMskRti ke saMsAdhanoM kA vikAsa hone lagatA hai, jIvana bhI vividhamukhI hokara sAhitya ke mAdhyama se prasphuTita hotA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki saMskRta aura prAkRta meM sAhitya kI jo vividha pravRttiyA~ agrasara ho rahI thIM, prAyaH ve hI pravRttiyA~ kucha rUpAntarita hokara apabhraMza - sAhitya meM bhI praviSTa huiiN| phalataH dohA-gAna ke sAtha-sAtha prabandhAtmaka paddhati bhI apabhraMza meM samAdRta huii| isa dRSTi se caumuha, droNa, IzAna, joiMdu, svayambhU, puSpadanta, vIra, dhanapAla Adi kaviyoM kI apabhraMza racanAe~ Adarza udAharaNa haiM / 784 :: jainadharma paricaya apabhraMza-sAhitya : jaina - sAhitya kA paryAyavAcI yaha tathya hai ki apabhraMza-sAhitya ke vikAsa meM jainAcAryoM kA abhUtapUrva yogadAna rahA / guNa evaM parimANa donoM hI dRSTiyoM se to vaha zAzvata koTi kA aura rAjAoM, nagaraseThoM tathA bhaTTArakoM ke AzrayadAna ke kAraNa sarvAdhika vikasita likhita hai hI, balki dUsare zabdoM meM yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki apabhraMza-sAhitya apanI pracuratA aura vividhatA ke kAraNa jaina sAhitya kA hI paryAyavAcI - jaisA ho gayA / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #794
apabhraMza-sAhitya kA vaiziSTya __apabhraMza-sAhitya kA vaiziSTya kaI dRSTiyoM se vizeSa mahattvapUrNa isalie bhI hai, kyoMki caturvidha-anuyogoM kI samRddha-sampadA ko sameTe hue bhI usake prAyaH pratyeka grantha ke Adi evaM anta kI prazastiyoM meM samakAlIna gaMga, rASTrakUTa, cAlukya, tomaravaMzI evaM mugalavaMzI rAjAoM, nagaraseThoM, amAtyoM, bhaTTArakoM, pUrvavartI evaM samakAlIna granthakAroM evaM unake granthoM ke ullekhoM ke atirikta bhI anya samakAlIna rAjanItika, sAmAjika tathA loka-jIvana sambandhI tathyoM kA udghATana kiyA gayA hai| bhale hI isa sAhitya ke racanAkAra jaina rahe hoM, kintu unhoMne jahA~ samakAlIna bhAratIya itihAsa ke vikAsa ke lie prAmANika vividha tathya prastuta kiye, vahIM Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM ke vikAsa ke lie bIjAropaNa bhI kiyaa| unakI vargIkRta vidhAoM kA ullekha yahA~ kiyA jA rahA hai, jisase ki usakI pracuratA evaM vividhatA kI jAnakArI mila ske| vaha isa prakAra hai: 1. muktaka-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 11 se bhI adhika) 2. kathA-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 9 se bhI adhika) 3. carita-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 30 se bhI adhika) 4. rUpaka-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 8 se bhI adhika) 5. khaNDa-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 25 se bhI adhika) 6. apabhraMza-mahAkAvya-(pramukha grantha 19 se bhI adhika) 7. rAsA-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 24 se bhI adhika) 8. phAgu-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 12 se bhI adhika) 9. carcarI evaM stuti-stotra-sAhitya-(pramukha grantha 20 se bhI adhika) 10. sandhi-kAvya-(pramukha grantha 23 se bhI adhika) 11. gadyAMza samanvita kAvya-sAhitya-(pramukha grantha 10 se bhI adhika) 12. jayamAlA kAvya-sAhitya (25 se bhI adhika) evaM 13. kulaka-kAvya-sAhitya (14 se bhI adhika) apabhraMza ke ukta nAma to prakAzita kucha pramukha granthoM kI kAvya-zailiyoM ke ullekha mAtra haiN| abhI aise bhI aneka grantha haiM, jo deza-videza ke prAcya-zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM aprakAzita rUpa meM hI par3e hue apane sUcIkaraNa athavA prakAzanoM kI pratIkSA meM vyagra haiN| suprasiddha bhASAvid DaoN. bholAnAtha tivArI ke anusAra paravartI kAloM meM apabhraMza bhI kramazaH vikasita hotI huI sthAnIya prabhAvoM ke AdhAra para nimna bhedoM meM vargIkRta kI gayI (1) zaurasenI-apabhraMza- jisase hindI, rAjasthAnI, paMjAbI, gujarAtI, pahAr3I prAkRta-apabhraMza sAhitya-paramparA :: 785 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #795
bhASAoM kA vikAsa huaa| inameM se gujarAtI evaM rAjasthAnI zaurasenI kI nAgara-apabhraMza-zreNI kI mAnI gyiiN| (2) mAgadhI evaM ardhamAgadhI-apabhraMza- jinase bihArI, maithilI, bAMglA, asamiyA evaM ur3iyA kA vikAsa huaa| isI prakAra(3) mahArASTrI-apabhraMza se marAThI, (4) brAcaDa-apabhraMza se sindhI, tathA (5) kekaya-apabhraMza se laha~dA, darada jaisI Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM kA vikAsa huaa| isa prakAra apabhraMza-bhASA kA apanA aitihAsika mahattva hai, kyoMki vaha Adhunika bhAratIya AryabhASAoM kI jananI ke rUpa meM pratiSThita huii| niSkarSa rUpa meM kahanA cAheM, to yaha kaha sakate haiM ki sAhitya ke bahu-AyAmI nirmANa, vikAsa evaM sarvAMgINa banAne ke lie sArthaka prayatna meM jaina-kaviyoM, santasAdhakoM, sAdhviyoM, viduSI mahilAoM, itihAsakAroM, samIkSakoM tathA vividha-pakSIya, cintaka-lekhakoM ke yogadAnoM kI nirantaratA aitihAsika rahI hai| unakA vaiziSTya yaha rahA ki unake lekhana meM uttejanA ke sthAna para preraNA, anuzAsana, saha-astitva, sarvodaya, paMcazIla evaM vizvamaitrI kI bhAvanA ko jana-jana meM jAgrata karane kA mUla uddezya rahA aura usakI isa pravRtti ne use vizva-sAhitya kI zreNI meM pratiSThita karane ke lie yogya bhUmikA taiyAra kI hai| 786 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #796
saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA DaoN. dAmodara zAstrI jaina paramparA kA mUla Agama-sAhitya prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai| prArambha se hI isa paramparA meM prAkRta bhASA ko sarvAdhika Adara-satkAra diyA jAtA rahA hai, kintu kAlakrama se dharmapracAra evaM dharmaprabhAvanA ke ujjvala bhaviSya ko dRSTi meM rakhakara, jaina AcAryoM ne saMskRta Adi bhASAoM meM bhI pracura mAtrA meM sAhitya racA, jo unake udAra dRSTikoNa ko abhivyakta karatA hai| AgamoM kI vyAkhyA meM saMskRta ko pratiSThA milI, aura isameM kramazaH saMvardhana ke sAtha aneka maulika saMskRta grantha race gye| ina granthoM ne sAhityasarjana ke vividha AyAmoM ko spaSTa kiyaa| jaina darzana va nyAya ke kSetra meM saMskRta bhASA meM race gaye praur3ha granthoM kI eka anavarata uccastarIya paramparA rahI hai, jisameM anekAntavAda kI sthApanA ke alAvA, anya dArzanika siddhAntoM ke khaNDana-maNDana kI tatkAlIna dArzanika pravRtti kA bhI pramukha darzana hotA hai| jaina dharma, jaina AcAra, naitika upadeza, adhyAtmasAdhanA Adi aneka kSetroM meM saMskRta grantha race gaye, to alaMkAra, chandazAstra, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya Adi vividha viSayoM meM lAkSaNika zAstroM kI bhI racanA huii| saMskRta kozagrantha bhI prakAza meM aaye| aitihAsika, paurANika, carita-kAvya va muktaka-kAvyoM kI racanA ke sAtha-sAtha kathA va stuti jaise sarasa granthoM tathA karma-bandha, gaNita va jyotiSa Adi nIrasa viSayoM para praur3ha va durUha grantha bhI race gye| isa prakAra, yaha paramparA itanI samRddha hai aura racA gayA sAhitya itanI pracura mAtrA meM hai ki use eka prakaraNa yA adhyayana meM sameTa pAnA kaThina hai, ataH isakI eka saMkSipta jhalaka hI prastuta karanA yahA~ sambhava hai, kintu sarvaprathama yaha batAnA Avazyaka hai ki prAkRtAnurAgI jaina-paramparA meM saMskRta sAhitya kI paramparA kA sUtrapAta kisa taraha evaM kisa paristhiti meM huaa| bhAratIya saMskRti meM AdaraNIya bhASA ko 'devabhASA' nAma se pukArA gyaa| vaidika paramparA meM saMskRta bhASA ko 'devabhASA' ke rUpa meM pratiSThA prApta thI, to jaina paramparA meM 'prAkRta' ko| cU~ki paramAdhideva tIrthaMkara (bhagavAn mahAvIra) ke upadeza kI bhASA prAkRta hai, isalie ise hI 'devabhASA' (yA divyabhASA) ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA jAnA saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 787 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #797
svAbhAvika thaa| kucha samaya taka bhASA-vizeSa ke prati adhika pakSapAta yA anurAga kI sthiti donoM paramparAoM meM rahI; kintu kramazaH unakA dRSTikoNa udAra hotA gyaa| yadyapi aitihAsika dRSTi se dekheM, to donoM bhASAoM kA apanA-apanA utkarSa-kAla bhI rahA hai| kintu anta meM eka samanvaya-yuga bhI AtA hai, jisameM saMskRta va prAkRta donoM bhASAe~ samAna rUpa se AdaraNIya ho gayIM aura donoM ko hI sAhityakAroM ne udAra dRSTikoNa se apnaayaa| donoM hI bhASAe~ saMkIrNatA va sAmpradAyikatA ke ghere se nikalakara sAhityaracanA kI mAdhyama bniiN| samanvaya-yuga ko pratibimbita karanevAle kucha tathya isa prakAra haiM- pANini-zikSA (padya-3) meM saMskRta va prAkRta- donoM ko hI bhagavAn zaMkaraupadiSTa kahA gyaa| bharata ke nATyazAstra (18/28) meM prAkRta va saMskRta donoM bhASAoM ko cAroM varNoM dvArA sevita batAyA gyaa| nATya paramparA meM pAtrAnusAra donoM bhASAoM kA prayoga mAnya kiyA gyaa| AcArya rAjazekhara ne kAvyapuruSa ke nirUpaNa meM saMskRta ko usakA mukha batAkara prAkRta ko bAhu btaayaa| mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke 'kumArasambhava' mahAkAvya (7/40) meM sarasvatI ko ziva-pArvatI yugala kI saMskRta va prAkRta donoM bhASAoM meM kramazaH stuti karate hue dekhate haiN| 'kAmasUtra' (4/37) meM yaha parAmarza diyA gayA hai ki goSThiyoM meM bahumAna pAne meM vahI saphala ho sakatA hai, jo saMskRta va dezabhASA (prAkRta) donoM kA ekAntika prayoga nahIM karatA, apitu donoM ko yathocita rUpa se vyavahAra meM lAtA hai| jaina dhArmika paramparA meM saMskRta-praveza kI pRSThabhUmi udAra dRSTikoNa kI ukta sArvabhaumika bayAra ne jaina paramparA ko bhI prAkRta kI jagaha saMskRta ko Adara dene hetu prerita kiyaa| AcArya umAsvAmI (yA umAsvAti) ne (I. dUsarI zatI meM) 'tattvArthasUtra' nAmaka sarvaprathama sUtra-grantha saMskRta meM likhaa| zvetAmbara AgamoM kI antima vAcanA (I. 5vIM zatI lagabhaga) AcArya devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke netRtva meM huI aura unheM antima rUpa se vyavasthita va lipibaddha kiyA gyaa| ina AgamoM para vyAkhyA-grantha prArambha meM prAkRta meM hI race gaye, kintu kAlAntara meM saMskRta ko bhI sthAna milA aura svatantra vyAkhyAe~ bhI saMskRta meM likhI jAne lagI, jisakA prathama sUtrapAta AcArya haribhadra (I. 8vIM zatI) ne kiyaa| prArambha meM rUr3hivAdiyoM kI ora se saMskRta kA virodha bhI kiyA gayA, kintu samanvaya kA dRSTikoNa antataH vijayI huaa| isa sambandha meM 'prabhAvakacarita' meM varNita AcArya siddhasena ke yogadAna ko yahA~ smaraNa karanA prAsaMgika hogaa| AcArya siddhasena (I. 5vIM) bacapana se hI saMskRta ke abhyAsI the| apane sAdhu-jIvana meM unhoMne prAkRta siddhAntoM ko saMskRta bhASA meM anUdita karane kA vicAra saMgha ke samakSa prakaTa kiyaa| rUr3hivAdiyoM kI ora se itanA 788 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #798
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir virodha huA ki saMgha ne AcArya siddhasena se (pArAJcita) prAyazcita - svarUpa 12 varSoM taka gaccha tyAga kara duSkara tapasyA karane ko kahA gyaa| isameM zarta yaha bhI thI ki yadi ina sAdhanA-varSoM meM dharma-prabhAvanA kA koI mahanIya kArya ho sake, to avadhi pUrNa hone se pahale bhI unheM saMgha meM punaH padasthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa AcArya siddhasena ko yaha prAyazcita karanA pdd'aa| isI avadhi meM unake dvArA dharma-prabhAvanA kA eka kArya sampanna huA, vaha yaha thA ki unhoMne ujjayinI ke mahAkAla mandira meM 'kalyANamandira stotra' kA pAThakara ziva-liMga kA sphoTana kara pArzvanAtha tIrthaMkara kA bimba prAdurbhUta kraayaa| isase rAjA vikramAditya kI jina- zAsana ke prati anurakti bddh'ii| isa dharma-prabhAvanA ke kAraNa siddhasena ko punaH jaina saMgha meM samAdRta sthAna prApta ho sakA / inhIM rUr3hivAdiyoM ko lakSya kara AcArya siddhasena ne (dvAtriMzati kA - 6 / 2 ) kahA - " maiM purAnI rUr3hi (ke vicAroM) ko Dhone ke lie paidA nahIM huA hU~, bhale hI mere duzmanoM kI saMkhyA bddh'e|" isa ghaTanA se yaha to spaSTa ho hI jAtA hai ki dRr3hanizcayI udAramanA AcArya siddhasena ne jo ukta kadama uThAyA, usakA saMskRta ko pratiSThita hone meM kAphI yogadAna rahA hai| jaina saMskRta sAhitya - paramparA ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se AcArya siddhasena kA ukta yogadAna avismaraNIya rahegA / digambara paramparA kI mAnyatA ke anusAra jaina AgamoM kA sarvAdhika bhAga kAlakrama se naSTa ho gayA, kintu I. prArambhika zatI meM AcArya puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ne avaziSTa Agama ko lipibaddha kiyA / isa pavitra dina ko zrutapaMcamI (jyeSTha zuklA paMcamI) ke nAma se prasiddhi prApta hai / isI krama meM AcArya guNadhara evaM anya AcAryoM ne 'kaSAyaprAbhRta' kI racanA kI / digambara AgamoM kI bhASA pramukhataH zaurasenI prAkRta hai| AcArya puSpadanta va AcArya bhUtabali dvArA racita 'SaTkhaNDAgama' Agama para AcArya vIrasena ne dhavalA TIkA likhI, jo saMskRta - prAkRta mizrita thI / digambara paramparA meM saMskRta ko vyAkhyA -granthoM meM sthAna dene kA yaha prathama prayAsa thaa| udhara zvetAmbara AgamoM para sarvaprathama TIkA cUrNi jo likhI gayIM, ve bhI saMskRta - prAkRta mizrita thiiN| ina cUrNikAroM meM agastya siMha sthavira (vi. tIsarI zatI) tathA jinadAsa gaNI mahattara (I. chaThI zatI) ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| prakhyAta vidvAn DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ke mata meM dhavalA kI racanA ke samaya taka karmasiddhAnta ke vyAkhyAna meM to prAkRta kA hI mAdhyama svIkRta thA, kintu darzana va nyAya viSayaka vivecana meM saMskRta ko mAdhyama rUpa meM apanAyA jAne lagA thaa| ukta udAravAdI dRSTikoNa ke dyotaka aneka vacana prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM prApta hote haiN| 'anuyogadvAra sUtra' Adi meM saMskRta va prAkRta donoM ko RSibhASita kahakara samAna Adara vyakta kiyA gayA, jo tatkAlIna samanvaya-dRSTi kA sUcaka hai| nauvIM zatI saMskRta sAhitya - paramparA :: 789 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #799
I. taka jaina paramparA meM praur3ha cintana ke lie saMskRta kI upAdeyatA sarvasvIkRta ho cukI thii| siddharSi (I. 9-10) ne apane grantha 'upamitibhavaprapaMca kathA' (1/51-52) meM spaSTa kahA-"saMskRta va prAkRta ye donoM bhASAe~ sAhitya-racanA kI dRSTi se pradhAna haiM, kintu inameM saMskRta bhASA praur3ha vidvAnoM ke hRdaya meM baiThI huI hai, unake lie sarala bAlasubodhya prAkRta bhASA utanI hRdayahAriNI nahIM hotii|" uparyukta pRSThabhUmi ke AdhAra para yaha spaSTa ho gayA hai ki jaina paramparA meM saMskRta ke praveza ke pIche kyA-kyA tatkAlIna paristhitiyA~ thIM...jaina AcAryoM dvArA sAhitya kI vividha vidhAoM meM racita sAhitya kI sudIrgha va samRddha paramparA kA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai jaina darzana, jaina AcAra va jaina sAdhanA ___jaina paramparA meM saMskRta ko vidvajjanabhogya mAnakara jaina-tattva-jJAna, jaina-AcAra aura jaina adhyAtma-sAdhanA Adi viSayoM para pracura mAtrA meM saMskRta granthoM kI racanA huI hai| jaina darzana va tattvajJAna kA sarvaprathama saMskRta-grantha 'tattvArthasUtra' (mokSazAstra) upalabdha hai, jisake racayitA AcArya umAsvAmI yA umAsvAti haiN| isakA racanA kAla I. dUsarI zatI (lagabhaga yA kucha paravartI) mAnA jAtA hai| yahI eka aisA maulika grantha hai, jisa para digambara va zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM kI zraddhA hai, yadyapi donoM paramparAoM ne mAmUlI pATha-bhedoM ke sAtha isa para vyAkhyA prastuta kI hai| sUtrAtmaka yaha grantha dasa adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai aura jaina darzana ke mUlabhUta sAta tattvoM (jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA va mokSa) kA Agamika dhArA ke anurUpa vidhivat nirUpaNa karatA hai| lokapriyatA va vyApaka pracAra-prasAra kI dRSTi se isakA atyanta mahattva hai| digambara paramparA meM isa para AcArya pUjyapAda devanandI (I.5) dvArA kRta 'sarvArthasiddhi', AcArya akalaMka (I.8) dvArA racita 'tattvArtharAjavArtika' tathA AcArya vidyAnandi (I.9) dvArA racita 'tattvArthazlokavArtika'- ye TIkAe~ pramukha rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM 'tattvArthabhASya' (svopajJa bhASya) tathA AcArya siddhasena gaNi-racita TIkAe~ pramukha rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| paravartIkAla meM bhI aneka TIkAe~ likhI jAtI rhiiN| isa grantha se prerita hokara, pramukha jaina AcArya amRtacandra (I. 10-11) ne 'tattvArthasAra' nAmaka svatantra saMskRtapadyAtmaka racanA kI hai| ___ paravartIkAla meM jaina AcAra (zrAvaka va sAdhu kI caryA) para anekAneka saMskRta kRtiyoM kI racanA kI gayI, jinameM AcArya samantabhadra dvArA viracita 'ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra' hai, jisameM 150 zlokoM meM samyaktva va cAritra ke sabhI pakSoM, vizeSakara gRhastha-caryA ke svarUpa ko samyaktayA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| isakA racanA-kAla I. dUsarI zatI 790 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #800
mAnA jAtA hai, vastutaH isa grantha ne zrAvakAcAra ke eka mAnaka grantha-jaisI khyAti prApta kI hai| AcArya amRtacandra kRta 'puruSArthasiddhayupAya' grantha (aparanAma-jinapravacanarahasyakoza) bhI isI krama meM eka mahattvapUrNa saMskRta grantha hai, jisameM 226 saMskRta padyoM meM cAritra viSayaka pramukha tattvoM ke atirikta hiMsA-ahiMsA ke sUkSma svarUpa kA bhI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isI grantha meM jaina anekAnta-nIti ko gopI kI upamA ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| isakA racanA-kAla I. 10-11vIM zatI lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai| zrAvakAcArapradhAna saMskRta racanAoM meM AcArya somadeva (I.10) dvArA racita 'yazastilakacampU' hai, jisake 5-8 AzvAsoM meM AcAra kA vistRta nirUpaNa hai| isI taraha AcArya amitagatikRta 'zrAvakAcAra' (I. 1000 lagabhaga) tathA paM. AzAdhara (I. 13vIM) dvArA racita 'sAgAradharmAmRta' grantha pramukha rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| isI krama meM guNabhUSaNa-kRta 'zrAvakAcAra' (I. 14-15) tathA rAjamalla-racita 'lATIsaMhitA' (17vIM zatI I.) Adi anekAneka kRtiyA~ parigaNanIya haiN| muniyoM ke AcAra para bhI aneka saMskRta kRtiyA~ prakAza meM AyIM, jinameM zrIcAmuNDarAyakRta (I. 11vIM) 'cAritrasAra' (aparanAma-bhAvanAsArasaMgraha), AcArya vIranandI (I. 12vIM) dvArA racita 'AcArasAra' pramukha haiN| paM. AzAdhara (I. 13vIM) dvArA racita 'anagAradharmAmRta' grantha bhI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai, jo muni-cAritra kA sAMgopAMga nirUpaNa karatI hai| isI para granthakAra dvArA hI racita bhavyakumudacandrikA nAmaka saMskRta TIkA tathA jJAnadIpikA nAmaka paMjikA upalabdha hai, jo viSayavastu ko spaSTa karane kI dRSTi se atyanta upAdeya hai| __jaina adhyAtma-sAdhanA jaina-AcAra kA sArabhUta tattva hai| ata: isa viSaya para anekAneka saMskRta grantha race gaye, jinameM kucha mahattvapUrNa granthoM kA ullekha yahA~ prastuta hai| saMskRta meM adhyAtmaparaka granthoM kI racanA kA prArambha AcArya pUjyapAda (I. 5vIM zatI) dvArA kiyA gayA aura unake samAdhizataka' (samAdhitantra) va 'iSTopadeza', ye do grantha adhyAtmayoga ke pramukha sUtroM ko vyAkhyAyita karate haiN| samAdhizataka meM kula 105 saMskRta padya haiM aura iSTopadeza meM 51 pdy| jaina dhyAna-yoga dvArA AtmA bahirAtmA se Upara uThakara 'antarAtmA' kI sthiti meM pahu~ce aura phira paramAtmA kI sthiti prApta kare, isa sAdhanA-sUtra ko sAdhaka antarmukha hokara kisa prakAra kriyAnvita kare, isakA nirdeza ina granthoM meM hai| nizcaya hI apane pUrvavartI AcArya kundakunda ke mokSaprAbhRta Adi prAkRta-granthoM kA prabhAva bhI inameM parilakSita hotA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ke bAda jaina adhyAtma-yoga ke sazakta vyAkhyAkAra AcArya haribhadra (I.8) hue, jinhoMne prAkRta va saMskRta donoM bhASAoM meM yoga-viSayaka grantha race haiN| saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 791 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #801
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir saMskRta meM 'yogabindu', 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' tathA ' SoDazaka', - ye tIna grantha unake yahA~ ullekhanIya haiM, jinameM AcArya kA vizeSa cintana to jhalakatA hI hai, sAtha hI vaidika va bauddha paramparA kI yoga-sAdhanA ke vicAroM ko AtmasAt kara jaina sAdhanA ko kucha naye rUpa meM prastuta karane kA unakA saphala prayAsa bhI dikhAI detA hai| unhoMne sAmayika paristhiti ke anurUpa, jaina Agama - paramparA meM bikhare hue yoga-sAdhanA ke sUtroM ko ekatrita kara, loka - ruci kA dhyAna rakhate hue viziSTa varNana zailI ke mAdhyama se yogasAdhanA kA eka sahaja bodhagamya svarUpa upasthApita kiyA aura apane vyApaka, udAra va samanvayAtmaka dRSTikoNa ke sAtha yoga-sAdhanA se sambandhita vividha pakSoM para prakAza DAlane kA saphala prayAsa kiyA hai| yoga-sambandhI nirUpaNa meM unakI sarvatomukhI pratibhA, zAstrAntaravijJatA tathA samanvayAtmaka, tulanAtmaka va manovaijJAnika dRSTiyoM kA adbhuta samanvaya dRSTigocara hotA hai| jaina paramparA meM svIkRta guNasthAnoM va yogadarzana- sammata yogAGgoM Adi kA samanvayAtmaka rUpa ATha yoga- dRSTiyoM ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai, jisameM bauddha paramparA ke 'abhidharmakoza' grantha meM varNita ATha dRSTiyoM ke cintana ko bhI dhyAna meM rakhA gayA pratIta hotA hai| isa taraha unakI abhinava maulika dRSTi, lokottara pratibhApUrNa vaiduSya va udAra dRSTikoNa kI chApa sarvatra pratibimbita hotI hai / 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' para svayaM AcArya haribhadrakRta tathA upAdhyAya yazovijayagaNI ( 18vIM zatI) kRta TIkA bhI upalabdha hai / AcArya guNabhadra (9vIM zatI) kRta AtmAnuzAsana tathA AcArya amitagati (1011vIM zatI) kRta 'subhASitaratnasandoha' bhI dhyAna-sAdhanA kI pUrvapIThikA prastuta karate haiN| AcArya zubhacandra (I. 11vIM zatI) kA 'jJAnArNava' nAmaka grantha jaina yoga paramparA ke vividha pakSoM kA nirUpaNa karane vAlI eka pramukha va ullekhanIya racanA hai| karIba do hajAra se adhika saMskRta zlokoM tathA 39 yA 42 prakaraNoM vAlA yaha grantha jainayoga ke adhyetAoM ke lie atyanta upAdeya hai / pUrvavartI yogaviSayaka granthoM kA prabhAva bhI isa para spaSTa jhalakatA hai| isa grantha para paM. nayavilAsa (vikrama 17vIM zatI) dvArA racita eka saMskRta - TIkA bhI upalabdha hai / zvetAmbarAcArya hemacandra (I. 12vIM zatI) dvArA viracita yogazAstra bhI eka sarvopayogI grantha hai, jisameM hajAra saMskRta zlokoM meM muni va zrAvaka ke dharmoM evaM sAdhanA ke vividha pakSoM para vistRta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| 'jJAnArNava' grantha kA prabhAva isa grantha meM kucha sthaloM para dikhAI detA hai| isameM prANAyAma ko mokSaprApti meM bAdhaka batAyA gayA hai, jo granthakAra ke maulika cintana ko abhivyakta karatA hai| adhyAtmayoga kA paM. AzAdhara racita adhyAtmarahasya yA yogoddIpana (I. 13vIM zatI) laghu grantha bhI upalabdha huA hai| 792 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #802
nyAyazAstrIya saMskRta-jainagrantha tattvamImAMsA va jJAnamImAMsA se sambandhita pramukha jaina siddhAnta va dArzanika mAnyatAoM para samakAlIna pracalita nyAyazAstrIya va tArkika zailI meM aneka saMskRta praur3ha granthoM kI racanA huI, jinakA saMkSipta vivaraNa yahA~ prastuta hai| - hama dekhate haiM ki jaina paramparA meM zAstrIya nyAya-carcA kA kramika vikAsa huA hai| mUlataH jinavANI yA Agama svataHpramANa hai aura use tarka kA viSaya banAyA nahIM jA sakatA, yaha jaina mAnyatA prArambha se rahI hai| paravartI AcAryoM ne ukta cintana ko nayA AyAma dete hue kahA- Agamagamya-tattva sUkSma va sthUla donoM prakAra ke haiN| sUkSma tattva bhale hI tarka kI sImA se pare haiM, kintu sthUla tattvoM kI hama dRSTAnta, tarka va yukti ke AdhAra para parIkSA kara sakate haiM aura aise tattva hetuvAdagamya haiN| isa prakAra 'tarka' paddhati ko AMzika rUpa se svIkRta kiyA gyaa| yaha yuga Agama va hetu ke samanvaya kI bhAvanA kA thaa| kAlAntara meM Agamika mAnyatA va anekAntavAda-jaise maulika siddhAnta ke poSaNa kI dRSTi se yuktipradhAna zAstroM kI racanA prArambha huii| uparyukta pRSThabhUmi meM kramika vikasita jaina nyAyazAstrIya paramparA ke antargata jaina AcAryoM dvArA racita nyAyazAstrIya saMskRta granthoM kI sudIrgha paramparA rahI hai, jisakA saMkSipta vivecana karanA hI yahA~ sambhava hogaa| jaina paramparA meM saMskRta bhASA ke mAdhyama se nyAyazAstrIya carcA kA sUtrapAta karane kA zreya digambara AcArya samantabhadra (I. 2-3rI zatI)aura zvetAmbara AcArya siddhasena (I. 4-5vIM zatI) ko hai| [kucha vidvAn AcArya samantabhadra ko I. 5-6ThI zatI kA mAnakara unheM siddhasena se paravartI mAnate haiN|] AcArya samantabhadra ne 'AptamImAMsA' (devAgamastotra), 'bRhatsvayambhUstotra' va 'yuktyanuzAsana' kI racanA kI aura unameM stuti ke mAdhyama se nyAyazAstrIya viSayoM kI bhI carcA kii| ___114 saMskRta padyoM vAlI kRti 'AptamImAMsA' meM yaha spaSTa vicAra kiyA gayA hai ki vaktA yadi Apta (sarvajJa, vItarAga) na ho, to tattva kI siddhi hetu (tarka) ke AdhAra para kI jAtI hai| isa grantha meM sarvajJa kI siddhi hetuvAda se kI gayI hai, sAtha hI anekAntavAda evaM saptabhaMgIvAda kI sthApanA karate hae usake vyAvahArika upayoga kI paddhati bhI prastuta kI gayI hai| isI pRSThabhUmi meM bhAvaikAnta, abhAvaikAnta Adi ekAntavAdoM kA nirAkaraNa bhI kiyA hai| unhoMne yaha bhI ghoSita kiyA ki 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga jaina nyAya meM hI samucita rUpa se huA hai, ekAntavAdiyoM ke nyAya meM nhiiN| AptamImAMsA meM granthakAra ne nityAnitya, sAmAnya-vizeSa, bhedAbheda, bhAvAbhAvaina virodhI vAdoM ke madhya anekAntavAda ke AdhAra saptabhaMgI kI yojanA karate hue saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 793 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #803
samanvaya sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isa prakAra isa grantha ko anekAnta-vyavasthA kI eka AdhArabhUta kRti kahA jA sakatA hai| AptamImAMsA (devAgamastotra) para do mahattvapUrNa TIkAe~ likhI gayIM- bhaTTa akalaMka (I. 7-8vIM) dvArA racita 'aSTazatI', tathA AcArya vidyAnandi (I. 8-9vIM) dvArA racita 'aSTasahasrI', (jo aSTazatI ko AtmasAt kara likhI gayI hai)| aSTasahasrI grantha apanI praur3hatA, durUhatA va gambhIratA ke kAraNa 'kaSTasahasrI' nAma se bhI khyAta hai| aSTasahasrI para bhI saMskRta meM TIkA Adi likhI gayIM, jinameM laghu samantabhadra (I. 13) dvArA racita aSTasahasrIviSamapadatAtparya TIkA tathA upAdhyAya yazovijaya (18vIM zatI) dvArA racita TippaNI ullekhanIya haiN| AcArya samantabhadra ke dUsare (64 saMskRta padyoM vAle) grantha 'yuktyanuzAsana' meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI stuti ke mAdhyama se anekAntavAda-saptabhaMgIvAda kA nirUpaNa karate hue anya ekAntavAdI darzanoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura jinendra-zAsana ko hI 'sarvodayI tIrtha' rUpa meM udghoSita kiyA gayA hai| unake tIsare (143 saMskRta zlokoM vAle) grantha 'svayambhU stotra' meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti ke mAdhyama se gambhIra dArzanika carcA prastuta kI gayI hai| isa grantha meM bhI syAdvAda va anekAntavAda kI sayuktika sthApanA kI gayI hai| anekAnta meM bhI anekAnta dRSTi sArthaka ho sakatI hai-yaha batAkara isa grantha meM anekAntavAda ke AdhAra ko adhika sudRr3hatA pradAna kI gayI hai| AcArya siddhasena Agama va hetuvAda- donoM kI svatantratA ke pakSadhara the| unake mata meM Agamasiddha atIndriya padArthoM ko hetu yA tarka se atIta bhale hI mAna leM, kintu indriyagamya viSayoM ko hetuvAda (tarka) ke AdhAra para jAnanA-samajhanA nyAyasaMgata hai| isa vaicArika pRSThabhUmi meM unakA 'nyAyAvatAra' grantha battIsa kArikAoM meM nibaddha hai aura pramANazAstrIya carcA kI dRSTi se prathama grantha mAnA jAtA hai| inase pUrvavartI AcArya, umAsvAmI (umAsvAti) apanI kRti tattvArthasUtra meM jJAna va pramANa kA samanvaya prastuta kara cuke the| AcArya siddhasena ne isa grantha meM pramANa, pramAtA, prameya va pramiti- ina cAroM tattvoM kI jainadarzana-sammata vyAkhyA prastuta kI aura anumAna ke hetu Adi aMgoM kA eka saMkSipta vyavasthita rUpa prastuta kiyA, jo paravartI AcAryoM dvArA pallavita, pariSkRta, vikasita Adi hotA rhaa| unhoMne dArzanika carcA meM anumAna kA jo lakSaNa prastuta kiyA, vahI paravartI tArkikoM dvArA AdhAra rUpa se mAnya rahA hai| isI krama meM AcArya mallavAdI (I. 4-6 zatI) dvArA racita 'dvAdazAranayacakra' nAmaka grantha bhI jaina nyAya kI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| isa para siMhasUrigaNi kRta vRtti hai, jisake AdhAra para hI isakA uddhAra ho pAyA hai| dArzanika jagat meM anekAntadarzana kI dArzanika carcA ne kramaza: vyApaka svarUpa dhAraNa kiyaa| dUsarI tarapha jaina paramparA meM yaha AvazyakatA samajhI jAne lagI ki anya darzanoM 794 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #804
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kI pramANa- carcA ke Aloka meM apanI pramANa sambandhI mAnyatA ko isa prakAra suvyavasthita rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jAe, tAki prabala yukti va tarka ke AdhAra para usakI zreSThatA sthApita ho sake / anya darzanoM kI ora se prayukta kiye jA rahe kaTUktipUrNa AkSepoM kA pratyuttara denA bhI jaina AcAryoM ke lie Avazyaka - sA ho gayA thA / aisI sthiti meM AcArya akalaMka (I. 7-8) eka sazakta nyAya- pratiSThApaka ke rUpa meM Age Aye / jaina nyAya ko eka vyavasthita rUpa dene ke kAraNa unheM jaina-nyAya kA pravartaka kahA jAtA hai / unake dvArA prasthApita jaina nyAya-paddhati kA hI anusaraNa yA vistAra paravartI jaina AcAryoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai / 'laghIyastraya', 'nyAyavinizcaya', 'siddhivinizcaya' 'pramANasaMgraha' - ina cAra mUla granthoM ke alAvA unhoMne tattvArthasUtra para tattvArtharAjavArtika nAmaka TIkA bhI likhI hai| isake atirikta AptamImAMsA para unakI aSTazatI nAmaka TIkA bhI prApta hai| sabhI grantha tArkika zailI kA AdhAra lekara viSaya kA nirUpaNa karate haiN| prathama kRti 'laghIyastraya' tIna prakaraNoM kA eka saMgraha hai, jinake nAma haiM- pramANapraveza, nayapraveza aura prvcnprvesh| isa para 'nyAyakumudacandra' (laghIyastrayAlaMkAra) nAmaka TIkA AcArya prabhAcandra (I. 10-11 ) dvArA likhI gayI hai, jo TIkAgrantha hote hue bhI jaina nyAya ke eka advitIya maulika va prAmANika grantha kI taraha hI vidvatsamAja meM AdRta haiN| AcArya akalaMka ke 'siddhivinizcaya' para AcArya anantavIrya ( I. 10vIM zatI) ne TIkA likhakara grantha ke gUr3ha rahasyoM ko udghATita kara jaina nyAya - zAstra kA mahAn upakAra kiyA hai| 'nyAyavinizcaya' meM pratyakSa, anumAna va Agama- ina tIna pramANoM kA sayuktika vivecana kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi isa grantha kI mUlaprati aprApya hai, kintu vAdirAja sUri (13vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'vivaraNa' nAma kI TIkA ke AdhAra para isakA uddhAra kiyA gayA hai / 'pramANasaMgraha' meM pramANasambandhI zAstrIya carcA hai / isameM pramANa, naya va nikSepa kA vivecana hai / sambhavataH yaha akalaMka kI antima racanA hai| isameM pratyakSa, anumAna Adi ke svarUpa, hetu va hetvAbhAsa, vAda lakSaNa, saptabhaMgI va nayoM ke svarUpa Adi samasta pramANa-sambandhI pakSoM kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha siddhivinizcaya meM pratyakSasiddhi, savikalpasiddhi, pramANAntarasiddhi, jIvasiddhi Adi prastavoM ke antargata pramANa Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ina maulika granthoM ke atirikta tattvArthasUtra kI TIkA 'tattvArtharAjavArtika' meM bhI prasaMgavaza nyAyazAstrIya viSayoM para tArkika zailI se vivecana upalabdha hai / AcArya akalaMka ke bAda jaina nyAya- paramparA ko sudRr3ha AdhAra dene kA zreya zvetAmbara AcArya haribhadra (I. 7-8 ) tathA digambara AcArya vidyAnandi (I. 8-9 ) ko hai / AcArya haribhadra ke saMskRta meM jaina- nyAya sambandhI pramukha grantha haiM - 'anekAntajayapatAkA' (svopajJa saMskRta sAhitya - paramparA :: 795 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #805
vRtti sahita), 'zAstravArtAsamuccaya', 'SaDdarzanasamuccaya', 'anekAntavAdapraveza' va 'srvjnysiddhi'| ina sabhI granthoM meM AcArya haribhadra ne pratyeka vivecanIya viSaya para tArkika zailI se carcA kI hai aura vaiduSyapUrNa yukti, pramANa Adi ke AdhAra para anya matoM kA khaNDana kiyA hai evaM svamata kI sthApanA kI hai; kintu sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa tathya yaha hai ki ve zAstrIya carcA meM madhyastha va pakSapAtahIna dRSTikoNa apanAne ke prabala pakSadhara the| unhoMne spaSTa ghoSaNA kI ki merA na to bhagavAna mahAvIra ke prati pakSapAta hai aura na hI kapila Adi dArzanikoM ke prati vidveSa-bhAva hai| jo bhI yuktisaMgata ho, use svIkAra karane kA merA Agraha hai| unake granthoM meM unakA maulika va svatantra cintana parilakSita hotA hai| yadyapi ArSa (Agama) paramparA ke prati unakI agAr3ha zraddhA hai, phira bhI ve tArkika paramparA kI upekSA nahIM karate aura vaicArika udAratA kA bhI pUrNa pradarzana karate haiN| ___ AcArya haribhadra jahA~ zvetAmbara paramparA ke prati AsthA rakhate the, vahA~ AcArya vidyAnandi digambara paramparA ke prabala samarthaka va poSaka the| AcArya vidyAnandi kI jo pramukha saMskRta racanAe~ jaina nyAya-sAhitya kI amUlya nidhi haiM- 'AptaparIkSA', 'pramANaparIkSA', 'patraparIkSA' aura 'styshaasnpriikssaa'| unakI vidyAnandimahodaya nAmaka kRti bhI hai, kintu vaha anupalabdha hai| ukta maulika granthoM ke atirikta do TIkA grantha bhI haiM, jinameM aSTasahasrI (jo AptamImAMsA va usa para akalaMkakRta aSTazatI TIkA para vyAkhyA hai) tathA tattvArthazlokavArtika (tattvArthasUtra para TIkA) ullekhanIya haiN| uparyukta grantha meM Apta-parIkSA kI racanA sarvArthasiddhi-grantha (tattvArthasUtra para pUjyapAdakRta TIkA) ke prathama maMgalAcaraNa 'mokSamArgasya netAraM' para bhASya rUpa meM kI gayI hai| samasta granthoM meM AcArya vidyAnandi ne jaina nyAya-paramparA ko aura bhI adhika parimArjita va pariSkRta yA sazakta banAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| satyazAsanaparIkSA grantha meM sabhI dArzanika mAnyatAoM ko pUrvapakSa rUpa meM upasthApita kara uttarapakSa rUpa meM unameM doSoM kI udbhAvanA karate hue unakA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura jaina mata kI nirdoSatA pratipAdita kI gayI hai| AcArya vidyAnandi ke bAda AcArya anantakIrti (I. 10vIM) ne 'bahatsarvajJasiddhi' tathA laghusarvajJasiddhi'-ye do grantha race, jinameM sarvajJatA kI siddhi kI gayI hai| nyAya, vaizeSika Adi darzanoM ke sUtra-granthoM kI taraha jaina-nyAya kA paricayAtmaka va suvyavasthita jJAna karAne kI dRSTi se saMskRta meM do sUtra grantha bhI race gayemANikyanandI AcArya (I. 11) dvArA viracita 'parIkSAmukha' tathA AcArya vAdidevasUri (I. 12vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'prmaannnytttvaalokaalNkaar'| chaha paricchedoM va 212 sUtroM vAle parIkSAmukha grantha meM pramukhataH pramANa, pramANAbhAsa kA vivecana hai aura usake antargata 796 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #806
anya sabhI sambaddha viSayoM kA bhI nirUpaNa hai| isa para aneka TIkAgrantha bhI likhe gaye, jinameM AcArya prabhAcandra (I. 11) dvArA prameyakamalamArtaNDa', AcArya laghu anantavIrya (vi. 12vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'prameyaratnamAlA' Adi pramukha haiN| inameM prameyakamalamArtaNDa' TIkAgrantha hote hue bhI khaNDana-maNDanAtmaka dRSTi se praur3ha zAstrIya carcA se yukta eka maulika va prAmANika grantha ke rUpa meM vidvAnoM meM vizeSa AdaraNIya rahA hai| viSayavivecana meM inakI AsthA digambara mAnyatA ke prati spaSTa abhivyakta hotI hai| isameM bhUtacaitanyavAda, sarvajJatva, IzvarakartRtva, kevali-kavalAhAra, strI-mukti, veda kI apauruSeyatA, kSaNikavAda, sAmAnya (jAti) svarUpa, jaya-parAjaya-vyavasthA Adi aneka viSayoM kA vistRta tArkika zailI se vicAra karate hue jaina dRSTi se unakI samIkSA kI gayI hai| AcArya prabhAcandra ke dUsare grantha 'nyAyakumudacandra' kA ullekha pahale kiyA jA cukA hai jo akalaMka-kRta laghIyastraya para eka vizAlakAya TIkA grantha hai| yaha grantha bhI jaina nyAya kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa pratiSThApaka grantha mAnA jAtA hai| __AcArya vAdidevasUri-racita pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra ATha paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai aura kula sUtroM kI saMkhyA 377 hai| isa grantha para granthakAra ne syAdvAdaratnAkara nAmaka svopajJa vistRta bhASya bhI likhA hai| yaha bhASya 84 hajAra zloka-parimANa vAlA hai aura grantha ke arthagAmbhIrya ko adhikAdhika vizada rUpa se prakAzita karatA hai| inhIM ke ziSyaratna zrI ratnaprabhasUri (I. 12-13vIM zatI) ne 'syAdvAdaratnAkarAvatArikA' nAmaka TIkA likhI hai, vaha bhI eka praur3ha racanA hai| jaina-nyAya kI paramparA ko Age bar3hAne vAle AcAryoM kI ukta paramparA anavarata pravahamAna rhii| isI krama meM I. 11vIM zatI ke AcArya vAdirAja hue, jinakI do racanAe~ upalabdha haiM--'nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa' tathA 'prmaannnirnny'| pahalA grantha akalaMka-kRta nyAyavinizcaya kI vizAla TIkA ke rUpa meM hai aura dUsarA eka gadyAtmaka laghu maulika kRti hai, jisameM jaina nyAya va pramANazAstra se sambandhita sArabhUta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isI paramparA meM zrI abhayadevasUrI (I. 10-11) ne AcArya siddhasena kRta 'sanmatitarka' (prakaraNa) para eka tattvabodhavidhAyinI (vAdamahArNava) nAmaka vizAlakAya TIkA likhI hai-jo dArzanika jagat meM atyanta AdaraNIya rahI hai| ukta jaina nyAya-paramparA ko adhika parivarddhita va paripuSTa karane vAle AcAryoM meM kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya hemacandra (I. 12vIM), AcArya malliSeNa (I. 14vIM zatI), tathA upAdhyAya zrI yazovijaya (I. 18vIM) ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| AcArya hemacandra ne saMskRtapadyAtmaka do dvAtriMzatikAe~- 'anyayogavyavacchedikA' tathA 'ayogavyavacchedikA' ke atirikta 'pramANamImAMsA' nAmaka (apUrNa) grantha racakara nyAyasAhitya ke bhaNDAra ko samRddha kiyaa| dvAtriMzatikAoM meM jinendra-stuti ke mAdhyama se saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 797 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #807
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir dArzanika carcA kI gayI hai aura anya darzanoM kA nirAkaraNa karate hue jaina mata ko pratiSThApita kiyA gayA hai / isake atirikta, jaina darzana ke mUlabhUta siddhAnta anekAntavAda, syAdvAda, saptabhaMgI, nayavAda Adi kI bhI saMkSipta carcA kI gayI hai| 'anyayogavyavacchedikA' dvAtriMzatikA para AcArya malliSeNa ne 'syAdvAdamaMjarI' nAmaka vistRta TIkA likhI, jisameM vividha dArzanika matoM kI praur3ha tArkika zailI se samIkSA kI gayI hai aura yukti purassara syAdvAda kI mahattA ko pratiSThApita kiyA gayA hai| isa kRti ko bhI vidvAnoM meM vizeSa Adara prApta hai I AcArya hemacandra kI dUsarI kRti 'pramANamImAMsA' hai, jo apUrNa rUpa meM prApta hai| prathama adhyAya ko do AhnikoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| grantha meM upalabdha sUtroM kI saMkhyA 100 hai, jina para granthakAra kI svopajJa vRtti bhI hai / grantha meM pramANa va prameya kA vistRta vivecana hai aura pramANazAstrIya dRSTi se isa grantha kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isameM yatra-tatra granthakAra kA maulika cintana bhI abhivyakta huA hai| AcArya hemacandra ke bAda abhinava dharmabhUSaNa yati (14-15vIM zatI) hue, jinhoMne 'nyAyadIpikA' nAmaka eka maulika nyAyasambandhI grantha rcaa| yaha grantha bhI jaina nyAya ke adhyetAoM ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| jaina paramparA meM navyanyAya zailI ko pratiSThApita karanevAle AcArya ke rUpa meM upAdhyAya yazovijaya (I. 18vIM zatI) kahe jAte haiM, jinhoMne aneka tarkapradhAna granthoM kI racanA kii| inakI pramukha nyAya- -viSayaka saMskRta kRtiyA~ hai - jaina tarkabhASA, anekAntavyavasthA, saptabhaMgInayapradIpa, nayapradIpa, nayopadeza, nayarahasya, jJAnabindu, jJAnasAraprakaraNa, anekAntapraveza, vAdamAlA, aadi| isake atirikta nyAyakhaNDakhAdya va nyAyAloka - jaisI unakI kRtiyA~ navyanyAyazailI kA pratinidhitva karatI haiN| AcArya vidyAnandi - kRta aSTasahasrI para inake dvArA racita 'vivaraNa' bhI prApta hotA hai| I. 18vIM meM hI narendrasena nAmaka jaina tArkika hue, jinhoMne 'pramANaprameyakalikA' nAmaka laghu grantha likhA, jisameM pramANa va prameya-sambandhI vividha mAnyatAoM kI sayukti AlocanA- pratyAlocanA kara jaina siddhAnta kI pratiSThApanA kI gayI hai / isa prakAra IsvI prathama-dvitIya zatI se lekara aThArahavIM zatI taka saMskRta meM jainanyAya sAhitya kA sRjana hotA rahA hai aura Adhunika yuga meM bhI yaha paramparA pravartita hai| isa prasaMga meM AcArya tulasI dvArA racita 'bhikSunyAyakarNikA', 'jainasiddhAntadIpikA' Adi grantha ullekhanIya haiN| stuti - sAhitya va purANasAhitya kI paramparA jaina AcAryoM ne kAvya kI aneka vidhAoM meM saMskRta sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA hai / saMskRta kAvya - nirmANa kI dRSTi se AcArya samantabhadra va AcArya siddhasena jaise 798 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #808
kaviyoM ne stuti-sAhitya ke mAdhyama se saMskRta kAvya-paramparA kA zrIgaNeza kiyA hai| ina kaviyoM ne iSTadeva kI stuti ke byAja se sarvajJa-siddhi tathA ekAntavAdoM kI samIkSA karate hue nyAyaparamparA kA bhI zrIgaNeza kiyA hai| kAlakrama se dArzanika matasthApana kA lakSya na rakhakara mAtra bhaktibhAvapUrNa stuti-kAvyoM kI racanA bhI prArambha huii| dUsarI ora abhISTa deva tIrthaMkara Adi kI kathAoM ko aitihAsika va kAvyAtmaka- donoM dRSTiyoM se kAvyarUpa meM rUpAyita karane kI bhAvanA se purANa-sAhitya bhI prakAza meM aayaa| vaidika paramparA meM racita purANasAhitya bhI jainAcAryoM ke samakSa thA hI, vahA~ purANa ke viziSTa pA~ca lakSaNa nirdhArita the| ve the- sRSTi varNana, pralaya varNana, rAjavaMza-krama varNana, manvantara-varNana, rAjavaMza kA crit-vrnnn| jaina paramparA meM bhI purANasAhitya meM ina pA~ca lakSaNoM ko nyUnAdhika rUpa meM samAhita kiyA gayA, kintu jaina paramparA kA apanA vaiziSTya thA, jisake kAraNa jaina purANa vaidika purANoM se apanA pArthakya surakSita rakhe hue haiM, yadyapi varNana-zailI kI dRSTi se donoM meM samAnatA bhI dRSTigocara hotI __ svatantra stutirUpa meM AcArya samantabhadra-kRta 'jinazataka' (apara nAma-stutividyA va jinazatakAlaMkAra) bhI ullekhanIya hai| isI krama meM mAnatuMgAcArya (5-6zatI lagabhaga) dvArA racita 'bhaktAmara stotra' adhika lokapriya va prasiddhi prApta hai| isameM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI stuti kI gayI hai| paramparA bheda se isameM 48 yA 44 saMskRta padya pAye jAte haiN| isakI lokapriyatA hI kaheMge ki isakA sampAdana va jarmana bhASA meM (DaoN. jaikobI dvArA) anuvAda kiyA gayA hai| isa stotra para aneka TIkAe~ bhI likhI gyiiN| bhaktAmara stotra ke padyAzoM ko AdhAra banAkara samasyApUrti ke rUpa meM bhI aneka stotroM kA nirmANa huA hai, jinameM dharmasiMha-kRta 'sarasvatIbhaktAmarastotra' tathA bhAvaratna-kRta 'nemibhaktAmara stotra' ullekhanIya haiN| bhaktAmara stotra kI hI taraha anya lokapriya stotra 'kalyANamandira stotra' hai, jisameM 44 padya haiN| isake kartA kumudacandra (kucha ke mata meM siddhasena) haiN| isakA bhI jarmanI meM anuvAda huA hai aura 20-25 TIkAe~ bhI isa para likhI gayI haiN| donoM hI stotroM meM kAvyAtmaka kalpanA va sundara alaMkAroM kA samAveza hai| isI krama meM pUjyapAda devanandI (I. 5) kRta (26 padyoM kA) siddhapriyastotra va dazabhaktiyA~ (yA bAraha bhaktiyA~), dhanaJjaya kavi (7-8 zatI) dvArA racita (40 padyoM kA) 'viSApahAra stotra', akalaMka (I. 8) kRta (16 padyoM kA) 'akalaMka stotra', bappabhaTThi (I.9) kRta 'sarasvatI stotra', AcArya vidyAnandi (8-9vIM I.) kRta 'pArzvanAtha stotra', vAdirAja kRta (11vIM zatI) (26 padyoM kA) "ekIbhAva stotra', evaM bhUpAlakavi kRta 'jinacaturviMzatikA', hemacandra kRta (12vIM zatI) 'vItarAga stotra', 'mahAdeva stotra', va 'mahAvIra stotra' Adi pramukha rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| ina sabhI saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 799 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #809
stotroM meM stutikAra apane bhaktipUrita hRdaya ko ArAdhya deva ke samakSa samarpita karate hue pratIta hote haiN| inameM bhakti, darzana va adhyAtma kI triveNI pravAhita hai| upAsya kI mahattA, Atma-nivedana tathA kahIM-kahIM abhISTa kArya ko camatkArika rUpa se siddha karAne kI AkAMkSA bhI prakaTa huI dekhI jAtI hai| bhakti bhAvanA evaM rAgAtmaka vRttiyoM kA udAttIkaraNa inameM adbhuta rUpa se dRSTigocara hotA hai| vaidika paramparA meM viSNusahasranAmastotra kAphI lokapriya rahA hai| jaina paramparA meM bhI bhaktivaza jinasahasranAma stotroM kI racanA huI hai| prathamataH AcArya jinasena dvitIya (9vIM zatI) kRta 'jinasahasranAma stotra' hai, jisameM jinendra ke 1008 nAmoM kI gaNanA huI hai aura nAnA vizeSaNoM se paramAtmA kI stuti kI gayI hai| isI krama meM paM. AzAdhara (13vIM zatI), vinayavijaya upAdhyAya (17vIM zatI) Adi kaviyoM dvArA racita jinasahasranAma-stotra bhI prApta hote haiN| paurANika zailI kI sarvaprathama saMskRta racanA raviSeNa (I. 7vIM) dvArA viracita 'padmacarita' prApta hotI hai| yaha 123 paryoM meM vibhakta hai aura prAyaH (18 hajAra se adhika) anuSTup chandoM meM yaha nibaddha hai| pUrvavartI kavi vimalasUri kRta prAkRta 'paumacariu' (I. 1-4 zatI anumAnita) kA prabhAva isameM spaSTa dekhA jA sakatA hai| dUsarI paurANika saMskRta racanA jinasena-racita (I. 8vIM zatI) 'harivaMzapurANa' meM harivaMzIya tIrthaMkara neminAtha kA carita varNita hai| isake bAda AcArya jinasena (I. 9vIM zatI) tathA unake ziSya guNabhadra (I. 9vIM zatI) dvArA kramazaH racita 'mahApurANa' hai, jo AdipurANa va uttarapurANa ina do rUpoM meM vibhakta hai| AdipurANa meM 47 parva aura 1500 zloka haiM, jaba ki uttarapurANa meM 29 parva tathA 8 hajAra zloka haiN| AdipurANa meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA tathA uttarapurANa meM zeSa 23 tIrthaMkaroM kA carita varNita hai| yaha kRti jainapurANakoza jaisI hai, kyoMki isameM prasaMgavaza samasta tatkAlIna rAjAoM va pramukha caritanAyakoM (63 zalAkApuruSoM), mahApuruSoM va ullekhanIya vyaktitvoM se jur3I kathAe~ samAhita ho gayI haiN| bhASA va zailI kA sauSThava tathA alaMkArAdi kAvyazAstrIya vizeSatAoM se yaha pUrNa hai| tIrthaMkara va munirAjoM ke dharmopadeza ke rUpa meM jaina-tattvajJAna kA yaha koza hI bana par3A hai| malliSeNa (11vIM zatI) tathA zvetA. AcArya mallibhUSaNa (I. 13) kRta mahApurANa bhI prApta hote haiN| isI krama meM AcArya hemacandra (12vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita' nAmaka paurANika kAvya bhI ullekhanIya hai, jinameM 10 paryoM meM tIrthaMkara Adi tiresaTha zalAkApuruSoM (mahApuruSoM) kA carita nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| pANDavoM se sambandhita aneka purANa race gaye haiM, jinake kartA maladhArI devaprabhasUri (I. 12vIM), AcArya zubhacandra (I. 16vIM zatI), tathA sakalakIrti (15vIM zatI I.) Adi ullekhanIya haiN| isI paramparA meM muni zrIcandra (vi. saM. 11vIM) dvArA racita purANasAra tathA dAmanandi 800 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #810
AcArya (11vIM zatI lagabhaga) dvArA racita purANasAra-saMgraha bhI ullekhanIya haiN| ukta purANa-sAhitya ke sAtha-sAtha kisI vizeSa tIrthaMkara yA mahApuruSa para bhI paurANika sAhitya kI aneka racanAe~ huI haiM, kintu una saba kA nirUpaNa karanA yahA~ sthAna kI maryAdA ke kAraNa sambhava nahIM hai| purANoM ke alAvA bhI anekAneka carita-kAvyoM va kathA-granthoM kI racanA hotI rahI hai| inakA saMkSipta nirUpaNa Age prastuta hai| saMskRta-kAvya-paramparA svarNayuga mAne jAne vAle guptakAla meM saMskRta meM ucca koTi kI racanAe~ hone lagI thiiN| zAstrIya paddhati para kAvya kI aneka vidhAe~-mahAkAvya, gadyakAvya, campUkAvya, kathAkAvya, dUtakAvya, anekArthakAvya, nATaka Adi vikasita huiiN| jaina paramparA meM AlaMkArika zailI meM carita va kathAoM para kAvya-racanAe~ nirmita kI jAne lgiiN| samasta jaina kAvya sAhitya kA paricaya denA yahA~ sambhava nahIM hai, mAtra eka jhalaka hI prastuta kI jA sakatI hai, kintu samagra jaina saMskRta kAvya sAhitya ke bAre meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha bahuAyAmI hai, pracura mAtrA meM hai aura uccastarIya bhii| rasa, dhvani, zabdAlaMkAra, arthAlaMkAra pratibhA, kisI bhI kSetra meM jaina AcArya ajaina kaviyoM va sAhityakAroM meM kisI bhI taraha pIche nahIM rahe haiN| caritanAmAnta saMskRta-kAvya prArambha meM purANazailI va kAvyazailI donoM sampRkta thIM, kintu kAlAntara meM alaMkaraNa kI pravRtti evaM saundarya-bodha kI cetanA kA vikAsa huA, taba mahAkAvyoM kA pRthak rUpa meM nirmANa prArambha huaa| purANa-kathAoM se anuprANita carita-kAvya likhe gye| ye ve kAvya haiM, jinameM tIrthaMkarAdi mahApuruSoM kA AkhyAna nibaddha hai, kintu vastu-vyApAroM kA niyojana kAvyazAstrIya paramparA ke anurUpa kiyA jAtA hai| purANa meM aneka nAyakoM kA astitva hotA hai, vahA~ ina kAvyoM meM eka hI nAyaka kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| inake mAdhyama se jIvanopayogI sandeza diyA gayA hai, jo puruSArtha ko jAgrata karatA hai| aise caritakAvyoM meM jaTAsiMhanandi (I. 8vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'varAGgacarita' hai| isameM tIrthaMkara neminAtha va zrIkRSNa ke samakAlIna 'varAGga' nAmaka mahApuruSa kA carita varNita hai| isameM 31 sarga haiM, yadyapi mahAkAvya-lakSaNa ke anusAra 30 se adhika sarga nahIM hone caahie| azvaghoSa kavi ke buddhacarita ke samakakSa isa kAvya ko rakhA jA sakatA hai| isI taraha vIranandI (I. 10) kRta 'candraprabhacarita', asaga-kavi (10vIM zatI) kRta 'zAntinAthacarita' va vardhamAnacarita', vAdirAja (I. 11vIM zatI) kRta 'pArzvanAthacarita', AcArya hemacandra (I. 12vIM zatI) kRta 'kumArapAlacarita', mANikyacandra sUri (vi. saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 801 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #811
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 13vIM zatI) kRta 'pArzvanAthacarita' maladhArI hemacandra (vi. 14vIM zatI) kRta 'neminAthacarita', candratilaka (vi. 14vIM zatI) kRta 'abhayakumAracarita', bhAvadevasUri (vi. 14vIM zatI) kRta 'pArzvanAthacarita' Adi -Adi ullekhanIya haiN| uparyukta kAvyoM meM 'kumArapAlacarita' (dvayAzrayakAvya) isalie mahattvapUrNa hai ki isameM rAjA kumArapAla ke carita ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM (sUtroM) ke udAharaNa bhI prastuta kie gaye haiM / isI zailI ke anurUpa eka anya kRti ' zreNikacarita' (durgavRttidvayAzraya mahAkAvya) hai, jisake racayitA jinaprabhasUri (vi. 14vIM zatI) haiN| isameM zreNika ke carita ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha-sAtha kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM (sUtroM) ke prayogoM kA vyAvahArika rUpa bhI prastuta kiyA gayA hai| viziSTa mahApuruSoM meM kAmadevoM ke rUpa meM vikhyAta pradyumna, jIvandhara Adi para bhI saMskRta mahAkAvya / kAvya likhe jAte rahe haiN| inameM mahAsenAcArya (11vIM zatI), bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti ( 15vIM zatI), zubhacandra (17vIM zatI) Adi kRta 'pradyumnacarita' prasiddha haiM / vAdIbhasiMha sUri kRta ' kSatracUDAmaNi' (jIvandharacarita), mahAkavi haricandra kRta 'jIvandhara campU' Adi anekAneka kAvya bhI isI koTi ke antargata haiN| kucha aise bhI jaina saMskRta kAvya haiM jinake nAmoM meM 'carita' zabda anta meM nahIM hai, kintu ve mahAkAvya -sadRza hI haiN| aise mahAkAvyoM meM mahAkavi haricandra (I. 1112vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'dharmazarmAbhyudaya', vAgbhaTa dvitIya (12vIM zatI) kRta 'neminirvANa', abhayadevasUri (vi. 13vIM zatI) kRta 'jayantavijaya', kavi vastupAla (vi. 13vIMzatI) kRta 'naranArAyaNAnanda', mahAkavi bAlacandra ( 13-14vIM zatI) kRta 'vasantavilAsa' Adi ullekhanIya haiN| isI krama meM mahAkavi arhaddAsa (13vIM zatI) kRta 'munisuvrata mahAkAvya', mahAkavi amaracandra kRta 'bAlabhArata' va 'padmAnanda' - ye do mahAkAvya bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / sandhAna- kAvya pUrA kAvya ekAdhika artha ko abhivyakta kare, vaha sandhAna kAvya hotA hai| isake bhI aneka prakAra haiM - dvisandhAna, catussandhAna, saptasandhAna Adi Adi / isa taraha kA prathama mahAkAvya hai mahAkavi dhanaJjaya ( 8vIM zatI) kRta 'dvisandhAna mahAkAvya ' / meghavijaya upAdhyAya (18vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'saptasandhAna mahAkAvya', haridatta sUri (18vIM zatI) kRta 'rAghavanaiSadhIya', surAcArya (vi. 11vIM zatI) kRta 'nAbheyanemidvisandhAna' mahAkAvya Adi bhI ullekhanIya haiN| nAbheyanemidvisandhAna kAvya meM eka sAtha tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva tathA tIrthaMkara neminAtha kI kathAe~ samAnAntara calatI haiN| mahopAdhyAya kavivara samayasundara (vi. 17vIM zatI) ne 'aSTalakSI' grantha kI racanA kI hai, jisameM eka padya 802 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #812
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ke ATha lAkha artha sambhava haiN| isa grantha ne samrATa akabara tathA usake sabhAsadoM ko Azcaryacakita kara va hataprabha kara diyA thA / anya bhI mahattvapUrNa racanAe~ haiM, una saba kA nirUpaNa karanA yahA~ sambhava nahIM hai| isI taraha aitihAsika mahApuruSoM ke jIvana carita ko bhI mahAkAvyoM meM nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| aise mahAkAvyoM meM padmagupta (I. 11) kRta 'navasAhasAMkacarita', AcArya hemacandra (I. 12vIM zatI) kRta 'kumArapAlacarita', sarvAnanda kavi racita 'jagaDUcarita' (jisameM vi. 14vIM zatI meM hue jagaDUzAha kA yazogAna kiyA gayA hai), udayaprabhasUri (13vIM zatI) kRta 'dharmAbhyudaya' kAvya ullekhanIya haiN| laghukAvya, samasyApUrti kAvya, sUktikAvya va sandeza kAvya kucha saMskRta kAvya aise bhI haiM, jo mahAkAvya ke sabhI lakSaNoM ko pUrA nahIM karate aura unakI vastu-vyApAroM kI yojanA mahAkAvya-stara kI nahIM hotI / unameM kathApravAha ke mor3a kama hote haiM, prakRti - varNana Adi meM bhI apekSita camatkArapUrNatA nahIM hotI / aise kAvyoM meM vAdIbhasiMha ( 9vIM zatI) kRta 'kSatracUr3AmaNi kAvya', somakIrti (16vIM zatI) kRta 'pradyumnacarita' tathA isake atirikta, dhanezvara sUri (vi. 5vIM zatI) kRta 'zatruMjayamAhAtmya', bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti ( 14vIM zatI) racita 'sudarzanacarita' bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / isI taraha kucha laghukAvya bhI haiM, jinheM mahAkAvya yA khaNDakAvyoM kI zreNI meM rakhA nahIM jA sakatA hai| inameM prAyaH chaH se kama sarga hI haiN| aise kAvyoM meM vAdirAja (11vIM zatI) kRta 'yazodharacarita' va 'sudarzanacarita', jayatilaka ( 15vIM zatI) kRta 'malayasundarIcarita', padmasundara ( 17vIM zatI) kRta 'rAyamallAbhyudayakAvya', jagannAtha kavi (17vIM zatI) kRta 'suSeNacarita' Adi ke nAma ullekha yogya haiN| isake atirikta, jayazekhara sUri (vi. 15vIM zatI) kRta 'jainakumArasambhava' tathA cAritrabhUSaNa kRta ( cAritrasundaragaNI) 'mahIpAlacarita' ke nAma isa krama meM parigaNanIya haiN| samasyApUrti ke rUpa meM bhI kucha kAvyoM kI racanA huI hai| upAdhyAya meghavijaya (17vIM zatI I.) ne 'zAntinAthacarita' kI racanA kI hai, vaha naiSadhamahAkAvya ke prathama sarga ke samasta zlokoM kI samasyApUrti ke rUpa meM likhA gayA hai| isameM cha: sarga haiN| inhIM kI dUsarI kRti devAnanda hai, jo mAgha kAvya ke pratyeka zloka ke antima caraNa ko lekara samasyApUrti ke rUpa meM hai| kahIM kahIM mAgha kAvya ke prathama, dvitIya yA tRtIya caraNa ko bhI samasyApUrti hetu AdhAra banAyA gayA hai| sAta sargoM vAle isa kAvya meM vijayadeva sUri kA carita varNita hai| jaina paramparA meM sUkti kAvya bhI prakAza meM Aye haiM, jinameM upadeza, prema va nIti se sambandhita kAvyAtmaka abhivyakti huI hai| inameM sadAcAra-sambandhI sArvajanika siddhAntoM saMskRta sAhitya - paramparA :: 803 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #813
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir SAIT athavA jIvana ke zAzvata va sArvabhaumika mUlyoM kA upasthApana kiyA gayA hai| jaina paramparA ke saMskRta sUkti-kAvyoM meM AcArya guNabhadra dvArA (I. 9vIM zatI) viracita 'AtmAnuzAsana', AcArya zubhacandra dvArA ( 12vIM zatI) racita 'jJAnArNava', AcArya amitagati dvArA (vi. 11vIM zatI) racita 'subhASitaratnasandoha', arhaddAsa dvArA (I. 13vIM zatI) racita ' bhavyajanakaNThAbharaNa' tathA somaprabha dvArA ( 13vIM zatI I.) racita 'sUktimuktAvalI' kAvya Adi mahattvapUrNa haiM | jaina AcAryoM ne saMskRta meM sandeza kAvyoM yA dUtakAvyoM kI bhI racanA kara sAhityabhaNDAra ko samRddha kiyA hai| ina racanAoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki inameM zrRMgAra rasa kI jagaha zAnta rasa ko pradhAnatA dI gayI hai aura adhikAMzataH pArzvanAtha va neminAtha Adi ke jIvana-vRttoM ko AdhAra banAyA gayA hai| aise jaina sandeza kAvyoM meM kavi vikrama (13-14vIM zatI) kRta 'nemidUta', mahendraprabhasUri ke ziSya kavi merutuMga (dvitIya) (I. 14 - 15vIM zatI) kRta 'jainameghadUta', vAdicandrasUri ( 17vIM zatI) kRta 'pavanadUta', vinayavijaya gaNI ( 18vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'indudUta' tathA mahopAdhyAya meghavijaya (vi. 18vIM zatI) dvArA racita 'meghadUtasamasyAlekha' Adi mahattvapUrNa haiN| vi. 15vIM zatI meM cAritrasundaragaNI dvArA meghadUta ke antima caraNoM ko lekara samasyApUrti ke rUpa meM racA gayA 'zIladUta' nAmaka dUtakAvya bhI kavipratibhA kA paricAyaka hai / gadyakAvya va kathAsAhitya kathA va AkhyAna pradhAna saMskRta kAvyoM kI racanA bhI jaina AcAryoM ne paryApta mAtrA meM kI hai / kavi-jagat meM gadya kAvya ko kaviyoM kI pratibhA kI kasauTI mAnA jAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM naitika upadeza se pUrNa va vairAgyavardhaka tathA karma - siddhAnta ko puSTa karane vAlI kathAoM kA sAhitya bhaNDAra bhI ati samRddha rahA hai| kucha viziSTa kRtiyoM kA nirdeza yahA~ prastuta hai / saMskRta gadyAtmaka AkhyAnoM meM dhanapAla kavi (10vIM zatI I.) racita 'tilakamaMjarI', AcArya vAdIbhasiMha (oDavadeva) racita 'gadyacintAmaNi' (11vIM zatI lagabhaga) Adi pramukha haiN| siddharSi kRta 'upamitibhavaprapaMcakathA' ( 10vIM zatI I. prArambha) saMskRta-gadyakathA kA zreSTha udAharaNa hai| isake atirikta, amarasundara (vi. 15vIM zatI) kRta 'aMbaDacaritra', jJAnasAgarasUri ( 15vIM zatI) kRta 'ratnacUDakathA', jinakIrti ( 15vIM zatI) kRta 'campaka zreSThikathAnaka', jayavijaya ke ziSya mAnavijaya (16- 17vIM zatI) kRta 'pApabuddhi- dharmabuddhikathA' (kAmaghaTakathA) Adi saMskRta kathA sAhitya kI zrIvRddhi karane vAlI kRtiyA~ haiN| saMskRta padyoM meM racita hariSeNa (zaka saM. 853) dvArA racita 'kathAkoSa' bhI kathAoM kA vipula srota hai| anya kathA - saMgrahAtmaka saMskRta kRtiyoM 804 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #814
meM amitagati-(I. 11vIM zatI) kRta 'dharmaparIkSA', prabhAcandra (13vIM zatI) kRta 'kathAkoSa', rAjazekhara (14vIM zatI) kRta 'antarkathAsaMgraha', nemidatta (16vIM zatI) kRta 'ArAdhanA kathAkoSa', zubhazIla gaNI (15vIM zatI) kRta 'paMcazatI prabodhasambandha', hemavijaya (1600I.) kRta 'kathAratnAkara' ullekhanIya haiN| isI sandarbha meM kathAsaMgraha rUpa meM 'samyaktvakaumudI' nAma se aneka kRtiyA~ prApta haiM, jinake racayitA jinaharSagaNI (15vIM zatI), somadeva sUri (16vIM zatI) Adi prasiddha sAhityakAra rahe haiN| __ kucha aisI bhI gadyAtmaka yA padyAtmaka saMskRta kRtiyA~ haiM, jinameM aitihAsika ghaTanA yA AcAryoM Adi ke aitihAsika vRtta nibaddha haiM, ata: inakI upayogitA spaSTa hai| aisI kRtiyoM meM dhanezvarasUri (7-8vIM zatI) kRta zatrujayamAhAtmya, tathA prabhAcandra (13vIM zatI), merutuMga (14vIM zatI) evaM rAjazekhara (14vIM zatI)-ina tIna AcAryoM dvArA pRthak-pRthak racita prabhAvakacaritra Adi pramukha haiN| saMskRta nATya-sAhitya saMskRta nATya-paramparA meM bhI jaina paramparA kA paryApta yogadAna rahA hai| rAmacandra sUri (13vIM zatI) kRta 'nirbhayabhImavyAyoga', 'nalavilAsa', 'kaumudImitrAnanda'; hastimalla (13vIM zatI) kRta 'vikrAnta kaurava', 'subhadrA', 'maithilIkalyANa' va 'aMjanApavanaMjaya', jinaprabhasUri-ziSya rAmabhadra (13vIM zatI) kRta 'prabuddharauhiNeya'; yaza:pAla (13vIM zatI) kRta 'moharAjaparAjaya', vIrasUri ziSya jayasiMha sUri (13vIM zatI) kRta 'hammIramadamardana', padmacandra ziSya yazazcandra (14-15vIM zatI lagabhaga) kRta 'prabodhacandrodaya', bAlacandra (8-9 zatI prAyaH) kRta 'karuNAvajrAyudha' Adi nATaka vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| saMskRta koza-sAhitya ___ saMskRta koza sAhitya ko samRddha karane meM bhI jaina paramparA agrasara rahI hai| prAcInatama saMskRta koza haiM- 'nAmamAlA' aura 'anekArthanAmamAlA', jinake racayitA haiM-dhanaMjaya (I. 8-9zatI) / isake bAda AcArya hemacandra dvArA abhidhAnacintAmaNi' va 'anekArthasaMgraha', zrIdharasena (13-14 zatI I.) dvArA 'vizvalocana koza' (muktAvali koza), tathA jinadattasUri ke ziSya amaracandra dvArA 'ekAkSaranAmamAlA' Adi koza race gye| saMskRta-alaMkAra-zAstra va chandazAstra saMskRta alaMkAra va chandazAstra sambandhI kRtiyoM meM vAgbhaTa (12vIM zatI) kRta 'vAgbhaTAlaMkAra' hemacandra (12vIM zatI) kRta 'kAvyAnuzAsana', arisiMha (13vIM zatI) saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 805 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #815
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kRta 'kAvyakalpalatA', narendraprabhasUri (vi. 1282) kRta 'alaMkAramahodadhi', hemacandra ke ziSyadvaya rAmacandra va guNacandra kRta 'nATyadarpaNa', ajitasena (14vIM zatI) kRta 'alaMkAra cintAmaNi' tathA abhinava vAgbhaTa (14vIM zatI) kRta 'kAvyAnuzAsana' kA sthAna sarvopari hai| AcArya bhAvadevasUri (vi. 15vIM) kA 'kAvyAlaMkArasAra' nAmaka grantha bhI atyanta sarala va sarasa grantha hai / kAvyaprakAza para mANikyacandra kI saMketA nAmaka TIkA, kAvyAlaMkAra para nemi sAdhu kRta TIkA tathA kAvyakalpalatA para zrI amaramuni kI TIkA bhI viziSTa kRtiyoM meM mAnI jAtI haiN| vyAkaraNa sambandhI sAhitya vyAkaraNa sAhitya kI racanA karane vAle jaina AcAryoM va vidvAnoM meM 'jainendra vyAkaraNa' ke racayitA AcArya devanandI pUjyapAda (I. 413-455), jainendra vyAkaraNa ke parivardhita saMskaraNa ke rUpa meM racita 'zabdArNava' ke racayitA guNanandI ( 10vIM zatI), zabdArNava candrikA ke racayitA somadeva (zaka saM. 1127), jainendra vyAkaraNa kI mahAvRtti ke racayitA abhayanandI (I. 750), zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa tathA amoghavRtti ke racayitA AcArya palyakIrti (zaka saM. 736-789), 'kriyAratnasamuccaya' ke kartA zrI guNaratna (I. 1343-1418), 'haimazabdAnuzAsana' ke racayitA zrI hemacandra ( 12vIM zatI) tathA 'kAtantrarUpamAlA' ke racayitA zrI bhAvasena traivedya (14vIM zatI) ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM / gaNita va jyotiSa zAstra gaNita va jyotiSa zAstra para aneka jaina AcAryoM va vidvAnoM ne apanI lekhanI uThAyI aura saMskRta sAhitya ko anupama dena dii| mahAvIrAcArya ( I. 850) kRta 'gaNitasAra saMgraha' va jyotiSa paTala, zrIdhara (dasavIM zatI kA antima bhAga) kRta 'gaNitasAra' va 'jyotirjJAnavidhi', ajJAtakartRka 'candronmIlana', jinasenasUri ke putra malliSeNa (I. 1043) kRta 'AyasadbhAva, udayaprabhadeva (I. 1220) kRta 'Arambhasiddhi' (yA vyavahAracaryA), padmaprabhasUri (vi. 1294) kRta 'bhuvanadIpaka', mahendrasUri (zaka saM. 1292) kRta 'yantrarAja', hemaprabha ( 14vIM zatI kA prathama caraNa) kRta ' trailokyaprakAza' nAmaka grantha anupama mahattva ke haiM / bhadrabAhu ke vacanoM ke AdhAra para nirmita bhadrabAhusaMhitA (6-9vIM zatI ke madhya ) bhI jaina jyotiSa sAhitya kI viziSTa kRti hai / Adhunika kAla meM bhI jainAcAryoM va jaina vidvAnoM ne saMskRta meM sAhitya-racanA kara bhAratIya vAGmaya ko samRddha kiyA hai| Adhunika samaya ke AcAryoM meM AcArya jJAna sAgara jI va AcArya vidyAsAgara kI pramukha kRtiyA~ haiM -jayodaya, dayodaya, sudarzanodaya Adi 806 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #816
mahAkAvya (AcArya jJAnasAgara jI); zramaNa zatakam, niraJjana zatakam, bhAvanAzatakam, pariSahajaya zatakam, sunIti zatakam Adi zataka (AcArya vidyAsAgara jI); vAdopaniSad, zikSopaniSad, sattvopaniSad ,RSibhASita sUtram, hiMsASTakam, karmasiddhi, dharmopaniSad Adi (AcArya vijaya hemacandrasUri ke ziSya AcArya vijaya kalyANa bodhi sUrIzvara; maNibhadra mahAkAvyaM, saMvegaratiH, smRti maMdira prazasti kAvya, zubhAbhilASA (muni prazamarati mahArAja) isa prakAra deza ke pratyeka kone meM aura pratyeka kSetra kI lokabhASA meM jaina AcAryoM va vidvAnoM ne vipula sAhitya kI racanA kI, jisase vahA~ saMskRta kA pracAra aura sAMskRtika ekatA kA sUtrapAta huaa| bhAratIya sAhitya aura saMskRti ke akhaNDa, avicchinna pravAha aura vikAsa va usakI samasta bhinna-bhinna dhArAoM aura usake mUla srota kI ekatA ko samajhakara bhAratavarSa kI akhaNDa rASTrIyatA va saMskRti kI anubhUti ke lie sAhitya ke isa akSaya-apAra bhaNDAra kA vyavasthita adhyayana na kevala Avazyaka, balki sarvathA anivArya hai| isake binA Aja ke svatantra rASTra, usakI saMskRti aura anekavidhi bhASAoM meM hama usakI vAstavika ekatA aura akhaNDatA ke darzana nahIM kara skte| jaina saMskRta sAhitya ke adhyayana se hameM isa deza kI lokasaMskRti ke vividha rUpoM kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| tatkAlIna sAmAjika, dArzanika, rAjanItika va Arthika Adi sthitiyoM kA vizada citra hamArI A~khoM ke sAmane spaSTa ho jAtA hai aura aneka aitihAsika tathyoM kA bhI udghATana hotA hai| aneka vidvAnoM ne jaina saMskRta sAhitya ke AdhAra para sAMskRtika svarUpa kA citra prastuta karane kA prayAsa bhI kiyA hai| isa prakAra jaina sAhitya-paramparA sRjanAtmakatA kI dRSTi se to samRddha hai hI, sAhityika va sAMskRtika itihAsa ko jAnane kI dRSTi se bhI upAdeyatA rakhatI hai| pramukha AdhAra-grantha 1. jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa (bhAga-1-6), prakAzaka; pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vaaraannsii| 2. saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna (DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI), prakAzaka: bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillii| 3. jaina dharma ke prabhAvaka AcArya (sAdhvI saMghamitrA), prakAzaka: jaina vizvabhAratI prakAzana, laaddnuuN| 4. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina dharma kA yogadAna (DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina), prakAzaka: madhyapradeza zAsana sAhitya pariSad, bhopaal| 5. jaina nyAya kA vikAsa (muni nathamala), prakAzaka: jaina vidyA anuzIlana kendra, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jypur| 6. jaina nyAya (paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI), prakAzaka: bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillii| saMskRta sAhitya-paramparA :: 807 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #817
kannar3a jaina sAhitya DaoN. esa. vI. sujAtA kannar3a bhASA kA ujvala itihAsa 2000 sAla prAcIna hai| Aja use zAstrIya bhASA kI mAnyatA prApta huI hai| kannar3a bhASA dakSiNa bhArata meM pracalita drAvir3a bhASA parivAra kI eka prAcIna va ziSTa bhASA hai| isakA prAcInatama likhita rUpa 450 I. ke zilAlekha meM upalabdha hai| kannar3a meM likhita vAGmaya lagabhaga 6 sadI se Arambha huA hai aura Aja taka avirata dhArA rUpa meM pravAhita calI A rahI hai| ___kannar3a bhASA ke prayoga meM samaya-samaya para parivartana hotA A rahA hai| bhASAvidoM ne use vividha caraNoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| haLagannar3a (purAnA kannar3a) 6 se 10 vIM sadI taka, nagannar3a (madhyakAlIna) 11 se 15vIM sadI taka aura 16vIM sadI se hosagannar3a (nayA), 20vIM sadI meM Adhunika kannar3a (prastuta) lipi ne brAhmI lipi se udgama hokara kaI parivartanoM ke bAda prastuta rUpa dhAraNa kiyA hai| ___ kannar3a sAhitya kA udgama hI jaina kaviyoM dvArA huA hai| jaina AcAryoM ne dharma prasAraNa hetu jahA~-jahA~ bihAra kiyA vahA~ kI dezI bhASAoM ko apnaayaa| jaina kaviyoM ne bhI jaina tattva, zAstra, mahApuruSoM ke carita aura anya vicAroM para sarasa kAvyoM aura kRtiyoM kI racanAe~ kI haiN| kannar3a vAGmaya mandira meM andara aura bAhara ke bahuteka amUlya va AkarSaka pratimAe~ jaina kRtiyA~ hI haiN| praur3ha chanda campU (gadya-padya mizrita) se lekara, gadya aura SaTpadI (6 paMktiyoM kA chanda), sAMgatya (4 paMktiyoM kA chanda) jaise varNaka (gAyana yogya aura sudIrgha racanA ke lie prayoga kiye jAne vAle) chanda, Adhunika samaya meM sarala gadya, padya Adi sAhityika prakAroM meM jaina sAhitya kI racanA hotI A rahI hai| jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa meM muniyoM, zrAvaka, kaviyoM ke alAvA mahilAoM aura ajaina vidvAnoM kA yogadAna ullekhanIya hai| isa samRddha paramparA kI eka lekha meM samIkSA karanA asambhava hai| tathApi viSaya-vastu aura sAhityika prakAra ke AdhAra para kannar3a jaina sAhitya kA sthUla rUpa se paricaya karane kA prayAsa yahA~ kiyA gayA hai| kannar3a meM upalabdha prathama grantha 'kavirAjamArga' hai| 9vIM sadI meM racita isa grantha kA 808 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #818
racayitA rASTrakUTa samrATa amoghavarSa nRpatuMga ke AsthAnakavi zrIvijaya thA, jo jaina thaa| kavirAjamArga eka lAkSaNika grantha hai, usameM tatkAlIna aura pUrva ke gadya va padya kaviyoM ke nAma aura unake kAvyoM se cune hue kucha lakSya padya bhI sammilita haiN| unameM se kucha padya jaina rAmAyaNa va harivaMza se cune huye haiN| isa grantha meM ullikhita durvinIta, (gaMgavaMza ke nareza) tuMbalUru AcArya, saigoTTa zivamAra (gaMga rAjA) ke nAma, kAvyoM ke nAma, kucha padya uttarakAlIna kAvyoM meM aura zilAlekhoM meM bhI milate haiM / guNavarma (1) ne zUdraka va harivaMza nAmaka do kAvyoM kI racanA kI thI; va harivaMza 22veM tIrthaMkara neminAtha kA carita hai| sAhityika itihAsakAroM ne 9 se 12vIM sadI taka kI avadhi ko 'jainayuga' mAna liyA hai| usa yuga ke pampa-ponna aura ranna 'kavi ratnatraya' mAne gaye haiN| unake nAma aura kAvya ke mahattva ko uttarakAlIna sabhI jaina aura kaI ajaina kaviyoM ne apane kAvyoM ke Arambha meM gauravapUrvaka smaraNa kiye haiN| ___ adhyayana kI dRSTi se kannar3a jaina vAGmaya ko do vargoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiMsRjanazIla aura sRjnetr| sRjanazIla kRtiyoM meM kathAvastu, kavi kI pratibhA, sarasa zailI, zabda kauzala kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| sRjanetara varga meM tattvazAstra, vijJAna, gaNita, AcAra sambandhI sAhitya tathA TIkA grantha, adhyayana grantha sammilita hote haiN| sRjanazIla sAhitya meM pramukha haiM-purANa, carite aura kthaagrnth| jaina purANoM ke kucha viziSTa lakSaNa aura ananyatA isa prakAra haiM-pANini ke anusAra purANa purAne vicAroM ko batalAne ke kAraNa 'purA bhavam ' hai, phira bhI zAzvata tattvoM ko kahalAne ke kAraNa nityanUtana hai| purANa atyanta saMkIrNa vAstavikatA hai| atIta ke citraNa ke sAtha-sAtha ve bhaviSya ko bhI sUcita karate haiN| purANa meM itihAsa, aitihya, sAhityika sarasatA sammilita hai| pratyeka kRti meM kucha aMza pradhAna dikhAI detA hai| bhAratIya purANoM meM dhArmika pariveSa, sAhityika guNoM kA Adhikya hotA hai| sRSTi, prakRti ke niyama, mAnava kI sAdhanA, usakI jaya-parAjaya, ye saba purANoM ke viSaya haiN| dharatI, AkAza, kAla, jIviyA~ ye saba purANoM ke pAtra haiN| itihAsa, bhUgoLa, khagoLa, kAlagaNanA, jIvavikAsa krama, pApa-puNya, punarjanma, mokSa Adi kA vivaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| ___ ye lakSaNa kannar3a jaina purANoM meM bhI dikhAI dete haiN| yahA~ mAnava va usakI sAdhanA kendra-vastu hai| mAnava jIvana kA utAra-car3hAva, AtmA kA ratnatraya patha meM prayANa, karmanirjarA tathA unase mukti prApti karane kA divya sandeza ina kAvyoM meM milatA hai| purANoM ke nAyaka tIrthaMkara, zalAkApuruSa hote haiN| kathAnaka ke sAtha-sAtha dharma tattva kA vistRta vivaraNa bhI kiyA jAtA hai| kAla va loka varNana se jaina purANoM kA Arambha hotA hai| kulakara, samavasaraNa maMDapa, aNuvrata-mahAvrata, tapa-dhyAna, paMcakalyANaka, anuprekSA kA sandarbhAnusAra vivaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| jinasenAcArya (9vIM sadI) apane mahApurANa meM purANoM ke 8 avayava honA kannar3a jaina sAhitya :: 809 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #819
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir Avazyaka mAnate haiM-loka, deza, pura, rAjya, tIrtha, tapa, gati va phl| kannar3a jaina purANakartAoM ko prAkRta va saMskRta purANoM se preraNA milii| eka laukika aura eka dhArmika kAvya likhane kI yaha prathA, Age ke jaina kaviyoM dvArA jArI rakhI gyii| laukika kAvya meM, apane AzrayadAtA ko kAvya ke nAyaka ke sAtha samIkaraNa karake kAvya likhane kI paramparA, Adikavi pampa se lekara bahuteka jaina kaviyoM ne apanAI hai| kannar3a kaviyoM ne 9vIM se 11vIM sadI taka haLagannar3a ke campU chanda meM tIrthaMkaroM ke purANa rce| kAvyoM meM unhoMne purANoM ke bAre meM apanA dRSTikoNa prastuta kiyA hai| pampa kavi ke anusAra purANa kI racanA va paThana karmanirjarA aura puNyaprApti kA kAraNa hai - pesargoDiMdranareMdravaMdhananoraldettAnumororme ciM tisidroMgaM pavaNillaM puNyamene pUNdolpiMdaMmoraMte bhA visi tAM tanmayanAgi taccaritamaM kAvyaMgaLoLkUDe baM NNisipeL dAtana karmanirjareyanaMtiMtuMtenal barSAme 1-37 // (AdipurANa) [indra, narendroM se vandita jinezvara ko eka bAra smaraNa karane vAle ko agaNita puNya prApta hotA hai, to jinezvara ke carita ko kAvya rUpa meM batAne vAle ke to pUrNa rUpa se karma nirjarA hotI hai] kavi janna ke anusAra purANa 'aruhana mUrtiyaMte nirAbharaNa' [arhanta kI mUrti kI taraha niralaMkRta] aura 'bALabaTTeya paramAgama' [jIvana patha kA antima caraNa] / prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha ke purANa ko kannar3a ke Adikavi va mahAkavi pampa ne 941 I. meM racA hai| AdipurANa ke 16 AzvAsoM (adhyAyoM) meM RSabhanAtha ke 10 pUrvabhavoM ke kathAnaka, tIrthaMkara bhava ke pA~coM kalyANakoM kA sarasa citraNa hai| tattva, kAlavicAra, kulakaroM kA varNana, svargoM kA varNana Adi zAstrAnusAra hai| lalitAMga va svayamprabhA ke prema, viraha, vajrajaMgha-zrImati kA sahamaraNa, RSabhanAtha ke janmAbhiSeka ityAdi kA varNana rasapUrNa zailI meM kiyA gayA hai| nIlAMjanA nRtya aura RSabhanAtha ke vairAgyodaya kA prasaMga to, kannar3a sAhitya meM kalAtmaka va avismaraNIya mAnA gayA hai| bharata aura bAhubali ke upAkhyAna meM bharata kA garva, bAhubali kA abhimAna, donoM kA AmanA-sAmanA, bAhubali kA manaHparivartana atyanta nATakIya rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| tIna prakAra ke dharmayuddha meM bAhubali se parAjita hokara bharata cakraratna ko bAhubali para prayoga karatA hai| cakraratna bAhubali ko pradakSiNA karake usake pAsa khar3A ho jAtA hai / taba zarama se sira jhukAkara khar3e huye bharata ko sambodhita karake bAhubali kahatA hai nelasuge ninna vakSadoLe nizcalamIbhaTakhaDUgamaMDlo tpalavanavibhrama bhramariyappa manohari rAjyalakSmi bhU 810 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #820
valayamanayyanittudrumanAM ninagittenidrevudaNNa nI nIlida latAMgigaM dharegamATisidaMdu negaLte maasde|| AdipurANa -14-128 [sainikoM kI talavAroM meM vihAra karane vAlI rAjalakSmI tumhArI chAtI meM zAzvata rUpa se khar3I rhe| isa rAjya ko pitAzrI ne mujhe diyA thaa| maiM use tumheM de rahA huuN| tumhArI patnI va rAjya ko agara cAhA to kyA mere yaza para kalaMka nahIM lagegA?] pampa ke bAda kavi hastimalla ne 'pUrvapurANa' (gadya-1250 I.), zAntakIrti ne 'purudevacarita' (sAMgatya-1725 I.) boramaNNa ne 'Adiparamezvara carita' (yakSagAna1750 I.), vardhamAna paMDita ne 'purudeva carita' (gadya-1888 I.) kAvyoM meM RSabhanAtha ke carita citrita kiye haiN| __ dUsare tIrthaMkara ajitanAtha ke carita kA citraNa kavi ranna (993 I.) ke 'ajita tIrthaMkara purANa tilaka' kAvya meM kiyA gayA hai| kAvya meM sagara cakravartI kA kathAnaka atyanta AkarSaka rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| AThaveM tIrthaMkara candraprabha ke carita kA citraNa kavi aggaLa ne 'candraprabha purANa' meM, (campU-1210 I.) kavi doDr3ayya ne 'candraprabha carite' meM (sAMgatya-1550 I.) tathA nauveM tIrthaMkara puSpadanta ke carita kA citraNa dUsare guNavarma ne 'puSpadanta purANa' (campU-1200 I.) meM kiyA hai| ___ 14veM tIrthaMkara anantanAtha ke carita ko kavicakravarti janna ne 'anantanAtha purANa' (campU 1230 I.) meM prastuta kiyA hai| 14 AzvAsoM meM vibhAjita kAvya meM vasuSeNa aura sunandA kA upAkhyAna zrRMgAra va karuNa rasapUrNa hokara atyanta janapriya hai|| ____ 15veM tIrthaMkara dharmanAtha kA carita citraNa bAhubali paMr3ita ke campUkAvya 'dharmanAtha purANa' (1352 I.) aura madhura kavi kI kRti meM kiyA gayA hai| 16veM tIrthaMkara zAntinAtha kA carita kavicakravarti ponna ke 'zAntipurANa' (campU10vIM sadI) meM citrita hai| isameM tIrthaMkara ke 12 pUrva bhavoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa kAvya kA cAritrika dRSTi se bhI mahattva hai| dAnacintAmaNi attimabbe ke pitA mallapayya aura cAcA punnamayya ke bAre meM vivara prastAvita hai| 1235 meM kamala bhava dvArA racita 'zAntIzvara purANa' (campU) aura zAntakIrti muni ke 'zAntIzvara carite' (sAMgatya 1732 I.) meM bhI bhagavAna zAntinAtha kA carita upalabdha hai| abhinava pampa ke nAma se prakhyAta kavi nAgacandra ne (1100 I.) 'mallinAtha purANa' meM 19veM tIrthaMkara mallinAtha kA caritra citraNa kiyA hai| isa kAvya meM kavi ne zAntarasa kA ullekha karake sabhI jaina purANoM ke aMta:srota ko zabda rUpa se abhivyakta kiyA hai - ninage rasamoMde zAMtame jineMdra manayA rasAMbunidhiyoLagA kannar3a jaina sAhitya :: 811 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #821
hanumirdu mikka rasamaM kanasinoLaM neneyadaMtu mADenagaruhA (mallinAtha purANa-10-112) (arhan, Apa to kevala zAntarasa kA hI pratirUpa haiM ata: Apa mujha para yaha anugraha kareM ki maiM usa rasa ke alAvA kisI anya rasa ke bAre meM sapane meM bhI na socU~) 22veM tIrthaMkara neminAtha ke carita citraNa karane vAle 8 kAvya haiN| guNavarma I kA 'harivaMza' (900 I. anupalabdha), karNapArtha kA 'neminAtha purANa' (1160 I. campU) nemicandra kA 'neminAtha purANa' (1200 I. campU), bandhuvarma kA 'harivaMzAbhyudaya' (1200 I. campU), mahAbala kA neminAtha purANa (1254 I.-campU), tIsare maMgarasa kA 'nemijineza saMgati' (1510 I.-sAMgatya), sALava kA 'sALvabhArata' (16vIM sadI SaTpadi) candrasAgaravarNi kA 'jinabhArata' (19vIM sdii-ssttpdi)| ina kAvyoM meM neminAtha ke carita ke sAtha vAsudeva kRSNa aura pAMDavoM ke kathAnaka bhI mahattvapUrNa haiN| pradyumna kA upAkhyAna bhI sarasa DhaMga se citrita hai| 23veM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ke carita citraNa karane vAle kAvyoM meM marubhUti-kamaTha kI kathA avismaraNIya hai| 1222 I. meM pArzvapaMDita ne 'pArzvanAtha purANa' (campU), 1722 meM zAntakIrti muni ne 'pArzvanAtha carite' (sAMgatya) race haiN| 24veM tIrthaMkara vardhamAna ke carita ko kannar3a kaviyoM ne AdarapUrvaka citrita kiyA hai| dUsare nAgavarma ne 1041 I. meM 'vardhamAna purANa' (campU), AcaraNNa ne 1200 I. meM 'vardhamAna purANa' (campU), padmakavi ne 1528 I. meM 'vardhamAna carite' (sAMgatya), jinasena dezavrati ne 17vIM meM 'vardhamAna purANa' (sAMgatya) kAvyoM meM vardhamAna ke pUrvabhavoM kA vistRta citraNa aura mahAvIra bhava ke paMcakalyANoM kA citraNa sucAru rUpa se kiyA hai| anya zalAkApuruSoM kAmadeva aura Asannabhavya zrAvakoM ke carita citraNa karane vAle 30 se adhika carita kAvya prakAzita haiN| saikar3oM kAvya pAMDulipi ke rUpa meM saMrakSita haiN| prakAzita kRtiyoM meM nAgakumAra carite' (kalyANakIrti-1445, bAhubali-1590, bommaNa1760, candrasAgaravarNi-1814) 'jIvandhara carite' (bhAskara-1425, terakaNAMbi bommarasa1485) 'yazodhara carite' (janna-1230; piriyanemaNNa-16vIM sadI, padmanAtha-16vIM sadI) 'sukumAra carite' (zAntinAtha-1070), 'sanatkumAra carite' (terakaNAMbi bommarasa1485, pAyaNamuni-1610) 'zrIpAla carite' (tIsare maMgarasa-1510, indradevarasa-1700), 'bhujabali carite' (paMcabANa-1614) 'gomaTezvara carite' (ananta-1784, cadura candrama1646) sAhityika guNoM se bhare hue haiN| kucha kAvyoM meM aitihAsika vivara bhI sammilita haiN| jIvandhara carite meM yaha ullekha milatA hai ki jaba mahAvIra tIrthaMkara kA samavasaraNa mahiSamaMDala meM AyA thaa| taba vahA~ ke rAjA jIvandhara ne dIkSA grahaNa kara lI thii| mahiSamaMDala Aja ke karnATaka (maisUra) kA purAnA nAma hai| niMbasAmaMta carite kA nAyaka 812 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #822
niMba rASTrakUTa samrATa kA sAmanta thaa| gomaTezvara caritoM meM zravaNabeLagoLa aura kArkala meM gomaTezvara mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kA savivara citraNa milatA hai| padmanAtha kavi viracita 'jinadattarAya carite' (1680 I.) meM kanArTaka ke prasiddha atizaya kSetra huMcA (zimogA jilA) ke rAjavaMzoM kA itihAsa aura mAtA padmAvati yakSI kI mahimA kA varNana hai| sabhI carita granthoM meM tatkAlIna samAja kI bhASA, AcaraNa, sAmAjika vyavasthA, vivAha paddhati, zikSaNa Adi se sambandhita upayukta vivaraNa milate haiN| jaina paramparA ke rAmAyaNa granthoM meM nAgacandra kA 'rAmacandracarita purANa' (1100 I.campU), pamparAmAyaNa ke nAma se prasiddha hai| kAvya meM rAvaNa ke udAtta vyaktitva kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| kAvya samIkSaka use udAtta rAvaNa, duranta rAvaNa mAnate haiN| kumudendu kavi kA kumudendu rAmAyaNa (1275 I.) SaTpadi chanda meM likhA gayA hai| devappa kavi kA 'rAmavijaya' 1525 meM, devacandra kA 'rAmakathAvatAra' 1800 I. meM racita hai| candrasAgaravarNi, zizumAyaNa ne bhI rAmakathA kAvya race haiN| jaina paramparA ke mahAbhArata kathAoM meM sALva kavi kA 'jina bhArata' prasiddha hai| brahmaziva kI 'samayaparIkSA' (1150 I.), vRttavilAsa kI 'dharmaparIkSA' (1350 I.) viDambanAtmaka sAhitya ke nidarzana hai| mallikArjuna kA 'sUktisudhArNava', abhinavavAdi vidyAnanda kA 'kAvyasAra' (1550 I.) prAcIna kAvya kRtiyoM se cune huye padyoM ke saMkalana haiN| ___ chanda kI dRSTi se bhI jaina sAhityakAroM kI dena vaividhyapUrNa hai| jainadharma kI prabhAvanA hetu janabhASA prayoga karane kI paramparA mahAvIra tIrthaMkara ke samaya se hI jArI hai| kannar3a sAhitya ke itihAsa se pratIta hotA hai ki kannar3a kavi bhI tatkAlIna loka kI nikaTatama vastu, bhASA, zailI va chanda kA prayoga karate Aye haiN| campU chanda meM racita kannar3a kAvyoM meM anya dharma kI tulanA meM jaina kaviyoM aura kAvyoM kI saMkhyA adhika hai| lagabhaga 37 kaviyoM dvArA viracita jaina kAvyoM kI saMkhyA karIba 50 hai| sAMgatya chanda ke sambandha meM dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki 100 se adhika kaviyoM dvArA 140 se adhika kAvya race gaye haiN| lagabhaga 11 zataka upalabdha haiM, jinameM ratnAkara ke ratnAkara zataka, aparAjitezvara zataka va triloka zataka atyanta janapriya haiN| isake alAvA yakSagAna (saMgItamaya nATyarUpa) Adi sAhityika prakAroM meM bhI kRtiyoM kI racanA kI gyii| paMcabANa ke gIta, candaNavarNi kA kandarpakoravaMli, devacandra kA padmAvati yakSagAna ullekhanIya hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se kannar3a jaina kaviyoM ne ziSTa va praur3ha bhASA ke prayoga ke sAtha ucita mAtrA meM dezI zailI ko bhI apanAyA hai| 13vIM sadI ke kavi AMDayyA kA sthAna ananya hai| usane apane 'kabbigara kAva' meM saMskRta zabdoM ke prayoga kiye binA, kevala kannar3a zabdoM se hI pUrNa kAvya kI racanA kI hai| kaI kannar3a kaviyoM ne zilAlekhoM kI bhI racanA kI hai| ratna kavi kA 'lakkuMDi kannar3a jaina sAhitya :: 813 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #823
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zAsana', boppaNNa kA 'gommaTastuti' sarasa kavitAe~ haiM / anupamarUpane smaranudagrave nirjitacakri mattudA rane nere geldumittanakhiLorviyaMnatyabhimAniye tapa sthanuMmeraghrittiLeyoLirdapurdebananUna bodhane vinihatakaryabaMdhanene bAhubalIzanidenudAttano // (gommaTastuti) [ kyA bAhubali sundara hai ? vaha to kAmadeva hai, kyA parAkramI hai ? usane cakravarti ko hraayaa| kyA vaha udAra hai ? vijayI hokara bhI apane sAre rAjya ko bhAI ko sauMpa diyaa| kyA vaha atyanta abhimAnI hai ? tapa karate hue usane socA ki bhAI ko dI huI bhUmi para do paira rakhe haiN| kyA vaha sva- bodha hai ? karmabandha se mukta huaa| aisA bAhubali kitanA udAtta hai ] janna, nAgacandra, pArzvapaMDita jaise prasiddha kaviyoM ne bhI zilAlekha likhe haiM / kucha jainakAvyoM se cune hue padya, zilAlekhoM meM ullikhita haiM / kannar3a gadya - prakAra meM bhI jaina kRtikAroM kI dena maulika hai / kannar3a kI upalabdha prathama gadyakRti 'boDDrArAdhanA' (890 I.) jaina kathAkoza hai| 10vIM zatAbdI ke gaMgasenAnI cAmuMDarAya kRta 'triSaSTilakSaNa mahApurANa' meM 63 zalAkApuruSoM kA carita citrita hai| yaha kannar3a meM racita ekaika mahApurANa hai / gadyakRtiyoM meM 12vIM sadI ke hastimalla kA 'pUrvapurANa', 19vIM sadI ke devacandra kA 'rAjAvalI' ullekhanIya haiN| kathA prakAra ke poSaNa meM bhI kannar3a jaina kaviyoM kI dena gaNanIya haiN| nayasena kA 'dharmAmRta' ( 1100 I.) prasiddha kathAkoza hai, jisameM desI bhASA kA prayoga viziSTa hai| nAgarAja kA 'puNyAsrava' (1350 I.) aura tIsare maMgarasa kA 'samyaktva kaumudI' ( 1510 I.) AkarSaka va bodhaprada kathAoM kA saMkalana hai| jaina darzana va siddhAnta ke bAre meM racita kannar3a granthoM meM mAghaNaMdi AcArya kA 'padArthasAraM ' (1260 I.) 30 paricchedoM meM vibhAjita hai / karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga va dravyAnuyoga ke antargata saptatattva, navapadArtha, ratnatraya, saptabhaMgI, 14 guNasthAna Adi tattvoM kA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA hai| isa grantha ke paThana va manana dvArA pratyeka AtmA bhedavijJAna ko jJAna prApta karake, 18 doSoM ko naSTa karake paramAtmA banane hetu prayatna karane kA divya sandeza hai / bandhuvarma ke 'jIvasambodhana' (1260 I.) meM 12 anuprekSAoM kA savistAra vivecana ke sAtha upabandha ke rUpa meM kathAe~ bhI dI gayI haiN| Ayatavarma viracita 'zrAvakAcAra' ( 1400 I.) aura vijayaNNa ke 'dvAdazAnuprese' kRtiyoM meM tattvoM kA pUrNa paricaya milatA hai| kannar3a ke zabdakoza, kAvyazAstra, vyAkaraNa sambandhI bahuteka kRtiyoM ke kartA jaina hI haiN| 10vIM zatAbdI ke ranna kA 'rannakanda', 12vIM zatAbdI ke dUsare guNavarNa kA 814 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #824
'chandoviciti', 1330 I. ke kezIrAja kA 'zabdamaNidarpaNa', 17vIM zatAbdI ke bhaTTAkaLaMka kA 'zabdAnuzAsana', guNacandra kA 'chandasAra' bhASAvijJAna sambandhI kRtiyA~ hai| inake alAvA jaina kaviyoM dvArA viracita vijJAna, gaNita, vaidya Adi kSetroM se sambandhita kaI kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiN| saigoTTa zivamAra kA 'gajASTaka', tIsare maMgarasa kA 'sUpazAstra', sALva kavi kA 'vaidyasAMgatya', candrama kA 'gaNitasAra', padmaNNa paMDita kA 'hayasAra', Adi mahattvapUrNa mAne gae haiN| 11vIM zatAbdI ke zrIdharAcArya dvArA racita 'jAtakatilaka' kannar3a kA prathama jyotiSagrantha hai| dUsare nAgavarNa ke 'zabdasmRti', 'bhASAbhUSaNa', 'kAvyAvalokana', 'vastukoza', chandovicita kannar3a kAvya vyAsaMga ke sahAyaka vyAkaraNa, alaMkAra, chanda se sambandhita haiM / zAstra pAMDitya, saMkalanakauzala, prayoga naipuNya ke sAtha sUkSma rasagrahaNa zakti, samanvaya dRSTikoNa se yukta ye kRtiyA~ mahattvapUrNa mAnI gayI haiN| Adhunika yuga meM 20vIM sadI ke kannar3a sAhitya ne pAzcimAtya sAhitya ke prabhAva se nayA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyaa| isa yuga meM bhI jaina lekhakoM va vidvAnoM kI sabhI sAhityika prakAroM meM dena ullekhanIya hai| sRjanazIla sAhitya ke do janapriya prakAra haiM - upanyAsa va kathA (khaanii)| mirji aNNarAya, ji. brahmappA Adi lekhakoM ne jaina mahApuruSoM ke kathAnaka ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika upanyAsoM kI bhI racanA kI hai| cAmuMDarAya, khArabela, dAnacintAmaNi, ratnAkara Adi ke upanyAsa prasiddha aitihAsika jaina sAdhakoM se kannar3a vAcakoM ko paricita karAte haiN| AcAryoM va anya dhArmika vyaktiyoM kA jIvana citraNa 'cAritra cakravarti' Adi kRtiyoM meM kiyA gayA hai| prAcIna kannar3a kAvyoM ko zAstrIya vidhAna meM sampAdita karake kaI vidvAnoM ne jaina sAhitya paramparA ko saMrakSita kiyA hai| paMDitaratna e. zAntirAjazAstrI ne bAhubali kA 'nAgakumAra carita', tIsare maMgarasa kA 'nemijineza saMgati' jaise kAvyoM kA sampAdana karake maulika prastAvanA likhI hai| DaoN. haM. pa. nAgarAjayyA ne 'sALva bhArata', 'dhanyakumAra carite', 'zAntipurANa', 'nAgakumAra SaTpadi', candrasAgaravarNi ke kAvyoM ko sampAdita kiyA hai| DaoN. ema. e. jayacandra ne indradevarasa viracita 'zrIpAlacarita', ajJAta kavayitrI viracita 'candanAMbikeya kathe' Adi kAvyoM ko sampAdita kiyA hai| sukumAra carite kA saMgraha, cAmuMDarAya purANa, bharateza vaibhava Adi kAvyoM kA sampAdana DaoN. kamalA hepanA dvArA huA hai| paMDita pa. nAgarAjayyA ne jIvandhara cariteya saMgraha, ajitapurANa saMgraha Adi kRtiyoM kI racanA kI hai| __ bhASAntara kSetra meM isa yuga meM gaNanIya sAdhanA dikhAyI detI hai| paMDitaratna e. zAntirAjazAstrI dvArA jinasenAcArya ke mahApurANa (saMskRta) amitagati ke dharmaparIkSA (saMskRta) nemicandrAcArya ke dravyasaMgraha (prAkRta), mirji aNNarAya dvArA samayasAra (prAkRta), ratnakaraMDaka zrAvakAcAra (saMskRta) bhAratIya saMskRti ke jainadharmada kor3age (hindI), raviSeNa rAmAyaNa (saMskRta), bhuvanahaLLi Di. padmanAbhazarma dvArA sarvArthasiddhi (saMskRta), kannar3a jaina sAhitya :: 815 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #825
kundakundAcArya ke sabhI grantha (prAkRta), chahaDhAlA (hindI), ema. sI. padmanAbhazarma dvArA gommaTasAra (prAkRta), yazastilaka campU (saMskRta), paMDita subbayya zAstrI dvArA SaTkhaMDAgama ke pahale do bhAga, es. bi. basaMtarAjayyA dvArA kundakundAcArya ke aSTapAhur3a, yogIndu kRta yogasAra bhASAntarita hue haiN| DaoN. jayacandra ne ArAmasohA kahA (prAkRta) chakkaMDAgama lehaNa kathA (hindI) Adi kRtiyoM kA bhASAntara kiyA hai| rASTrIya prAkRta adhyayana va saMzodhana saMsthA dvArA dhavalA grantha ke sabhI sampuTa va cune hue dhavaletara kRtiyoM kA bhASAntara ho rahA hai| dhavaletara kRtiyoM kI zrRMkhalA meM DaoN. esa. vi. sujAtA dvArA puSpadanta kavi kA tisaTTi mahApurisa, guNAlaMkAra kA anaMtanAtha purANa kannar3a rUpa meM prakAzita hai| unhIM ke dvArA bhASAntarita 'amerikAdalli jainadharma' (mUla aMgrejI DaoN. bhuvanendrakumAra) amerikA meM jaina samAja kA nikaTa citraNa hai| zrImati kausalyA dharaNendrayya ne maraNakaMDikA kA kannar3a anuvAda kiyA hai| vidvAnoM dvArA jaina vAGmaya sambandhI adhyayana granthoM evaM sAndarbhika granthoM kI racanA avirata ho rahI hai| paMDita bhujabali zAstri dvArA racita kannar3a prAntIya tAr3apatrIya sUci (pAMDulipi), Adarza sAhitigaLu, Adarza jaina vIraru, Adarza jaina mahiLeyaru upayukta sandarbha grantha haiN| unhoMne pampayuga ke jaina kavi Adi kRtiyoM kI hindI meM racanA karake hindI bhASika vidvAnoM ko kannar3a vAGmaya kA paricaya karAyA hai| DaoN. ema. DI: vasantarAja ne 'jainAgama itihAsa dIpike' meM Agama kA udgama, lipibaddha hone kA itihAsa savistAra citraNa kiyA hai| jaina tattva va granthoM para aneka vidvAnoM dvArA prastuta DAkTareTa nibandha prakAzita huye haiN| DaoN. Ti. vi. veMkaTAcala zAstri ke 'kannar3a neminAtha purANagaLu-oMdu taulavika adhyayana', DaoN. rAjazekhara icvaMgi ke 'pArzvanAtha purANagaLu-oMdu taulavika adhyayana', DaoN. ema. e. jayacandra ke 'prAcIna kannar3a jaina sAhityadalli jAnapada kayegaLu-oMdu adhyayana', DaoN. padmA zekhara ke 'kannar3adalli jIvandhara sAhitya' DaoN. esa. pi. padmaprasAda ke 'jaina janapada sAhitya-oMdu adhyayana' Adi, inake alAvA vividha viSayoM para adhyayana grantha bhI prakAzita huye haiN| kucha aura pramukha kRtiyA~ hai| DaoN. haM. pa. nAgarAjayyA ke 'yakSayakSiyaru', 'hoMbujada zAsanagaLu', DaoN. appaNNa haMje ke 'dhAravAr3a parisaradalli jainadharma' aadi| jaina mahilAoM dvArA sAhityika kSetra meM kI gayI sAdhanA bhI ullekhanIya hai| DaoN. kamalA haMpanA dvArA prAcIna kannar3a kAvyoM kA sampAdana ke alAvA jaina sAhitya parisara Adarza jaina mahiLeyaru jaise adhyayana granthoM kI racanA huyI hai| DaoN. sarasvati vijayakumAra ke pI-eca. DI. nibandha AdipurANagaLa taulanika adhyayana' meM saMskRta, kannar3a AdipurANoM kI samIkSA kI gayI hai| ji. esa. basaMtamAlA loka gItoM ke saMkalana va adhyayana ke sAtha baccoM ke lie dhArmika kahAniyA~ likhane meM prasiddha hai| DaoN. padmAvatayyA ne 816 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #826
amoghavarSa ke 'praznottara ratnamAlikA' aura mahAvIrAcArya ke 'gaNitasAra saMgraha' kRtiyoM kA kannar3a anuvAda kiyA hai| DaoN. esa. vi. sujAtA hindI, aMgrejI, prAkRta kRtiyoM kA kannar3a anuvAda karane meM nirata hai| jainetara vidvAnoM dvArA bhI kAphI mAtrA meM jaina sAhitya kA sampAdana va adhyayana kiyA gayA hai| pro. ke. ji. kundaNagAra, pro. mariyappa bhaTTa, ji. pi. rAjaratnaM, ma. pra. pUjAra, DaoN. Ti. vi. veMkaTAcala zAstri, DaoN. bi. vi. zirUra, DaoN. bi. esa. kulakarNi, pro. Ti. esa. kezava bhaTTa, ela. guMDappa, bi. esa. saNNayya, DaoN. vAI. si. bhAnumati, DaoN. ela. basavarAju, DaoN. pi. vi. nArAyaNa, DaoN. ji. ji. maMjuvAyana, DaoN. ema. si. cidAnandamUrti, DaoN. ema. ema. kalaburgi Adi vidvAnoM ne kannar3a jaina kAvyoM kA sampAdana, hosagannar3a rUpAntara, vizleSaNAtmaka lekha, saMzodhana ityAdi kSetra meM gaNanIya kArya kiyA hai| kannar3a jaina vAGmaya kI dhArA satata bahatI AyI hai vistAra aura guNavattA donoM isameM sammilita haiN| sandarbha grantha 1. kannar3a sAhitya caritre --DaoN. raM. grI. mugaLi : gItA buka hAusa, beMgalUra, 1998 2. sAmAnyanige sAhitya caritre-saM 4-campU kavigaLu-DaoN. pi. vi. nArAyaNa, saM 9 saM DaoN. haM. pa. nAgarAjayya : prasArAMga beMgaLUru vizvavidyAlaya, 2000 3. kannar3a sAMgatya sAhitya : DaoN. vIraNNa rAjUra, 1975 4. kannar3a sAhityakejaina kavigaLa koDuge -mUlahindI paM. ke. bhujabali zAstri kannar3a anu. esa. mi. pATIla : vivekodaya granthamAlA, 1974 5. Adhunika kannar3a jaina lekhakaru-saM. DaoN. esa. mi. pATIla : kannar3a jaina sAhitya sammelana, zravaNabeLagoLa, 2005 6. pampa kaviya AdipurANaM-saM. evaM anu. ke. ela. narasiMhazAstri : kannar3a sAhitya pariSattu, beMgalUru, 1980 7. kannar3a AditIrthaMkara caritegaLu-DaoN. sarasvati vijayakumAra : savi prakAzana, maisUra, 1994 8. kannar3a sAhityadalli purANaprajJe -DaoN. ke. ela. gopAlakRSNayya : kannar3a sAhitya pariSantu, 1988 kannar3a jaina sAhitya :: 817 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #827
tamila jaina sAhitya siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma kI pUrva sthiti ko jAnane ke lie hameM mukhya rUpa se tamila sAhitya kA hI Azraya lenA hotA hai| ___ 'kurala' ke tatkAla bAda kA samaya prAcIna tamila sAhitya kI samRddhi kA samaya hai, jisakA nirmANa mukhya rUpa se jainoM ke saMrakSaNa meM huA hai| isa kAla ko tamila sAhitya kA uccatama kAla' kahate haiN| yaha kAla bauddhika dRSTi se jainoM ke prAbalya kA kAla hai; rAjanItika dRSTi se nhiiN| isI kAla ke antargata IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM tamila kA prasiddha grantha 'zilappadikAram' racA gyaa| isakA racayitA llaMgovADigal thaa| vaha cera rAjakumAra zegoMTTavana kA bhAI thA aura sambhavatayA jainadharma kA anuyAyI bhii| 'zilappadikAram' tathA 'maNimekhalai' meM tatkAlIna dravir3a saMskRti ko spaSTa dekhA jA sakatA hai| usa samaya vahA~ pUrNa dhArmika sahanazIlatA thI aura jainadharma kA praveza rAjagharAnoM taka meM ho cukA thaa| isa kAvya meM varNita jaina AcAra-vicAroM se tathA jaina vidyA kendroM ke ullekhoM se pAThaka ke mana para nissandeha yaha prabhAva par3atA hai ki dravir3oM kA bahubhAga jainadharma ko apanAye hue thA aura unakI saMkhyA barAbara bar3ha rahI thii| __ IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI jaina itihAsa kI dRSTi se bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| isa zatAbdI meM jainadharma kA khUba pracAra huaa| isakA kAraNa kundakunda jaise mahAn jainAcAryoM kA prAdurbhAva tathA karnATaka meM gaMgoM kA rAjya thaa| gaMgavaMza meM gaMgavAr3I para dUsarI zatI se lekara gyArahavIM zatI taka lagabhaga nau sau varSa rAjya kiyaa| vaha vaMza jainadharma kA mahAn saMrakSaka thaa| zrI AyaMgara ne 'periya purANam' ke karnATaka rAjA ko kalabhra pramANita kiyA hai aura Age likhA hai ki 'periya purANa' ke anusAra kalabhroM ne jainadharma ko apanAyA aura jainoM se, jinakI saMkhyA agaNya thI, bar3e prabhAvita hue| kahA jAtA hai ki tamila pradeza meM jainadharma ko aura bhI adhika dRr3hatA se sthApita karane ke lie jainoM ne svayaM kalabhroM ko Amantrita kiyA thaa| ata: kalabhroM kA tathA unake bAda ke samaya ko jainoM kI zakti-sampannatA kA madhyAhnakAla kahA jAtA hai| isI samaya meM jainoM ne prasiddha 'nAladiyAra' 818 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #828
grantha kI racanA kii| 'nAladiyAra' meM muThTharayyara ke do ullekha haiM, jinameM batalAyA gayA hai ki kalabhra jaina haiM aura tamila sAhitya ke saMrakSaka haiN| tamila sAhitya ko jainoM kI dena tamila sAhitya ke bhaNDAra kI bahumUlya sampatti hai| tamila bhASA meM pAye jAne vAle saMskRta yaugika zabdoM kA bahubhAga jainoM kA RNI hai| unhoMne jo zabda saMskRta se liye, tamilabhASA ke svarasambandhI niyamoM ke anusAra unheM parivartita kara diyaa| jaina tamila sAhitya kI eka bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki kucha uccakoTi ke granthoM meM, udAharaNa ke lie 'kurala' aura 'nAlaDiyAra' meM kisI vizeSa dharma aura devatA kA nirdeza nahIM hai| kevala tamila sAhitya hI nahIM, karnATaka sAhitya kA bahubhAga bhI jainoM kA RNI hai| yathArtha meM ve inake mUla utpAdaka haiN| jainoM kI dUsarI bahumUlya dena hai--ahiNsaa| jainoM kI ahiMsA ke hI prabhAva ke kAraNa vaidika yajJoM meM hone vAlI hiMsA pUrNatayA banda ho gayI aura yajJa meM pazu ke sthAna para ATe se banAe gaye pazu kA upayoga kiyA jAne lgaa| isa viSaya meM tamila kaviyoM ne jainoM se preraNA grahaNa kI aura atizaya ghRNA darzAne ke lie tamila sAhitya se uddharaNa die gaye; kyoMki dravir3oM kA bahubhAga mAMsabhakSI thaa| dakSiNa bhArata meM bRhat parimANa meM mUrtipUjA aura mandiroM kA nirmANa bhI jaina prabhAva kI dena hai| jaina loga apane tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyA~ banavAte the aura vizAla mandiroM meM pratiSThita karake unakI pUjA karate the| pUjA kI yaha zailI bar3I prabhAvaka aura AkarSaka hai, ataH usakA tatkAla anukaraNa kiyA gyaa| __ jaina granthakAroM ne prArambha se hI tamila deza kI sAhityika pravRttiyoM meM bhAga liyA thaa| aisA bhI mata hai ki saMgama nAma usakI racanA tathA tamila deza meM jainadharma ke prasthApaka jainAcAryoM kI hI dena hai, kyoMki jainadharma kI sAdhu saMsthA saMgha, gaNa Adi ke rUpa meM prArambha se hI bar3I suvyavasthita thii| usI anubhava kA upayoga jainAcAryoM ne saMgama kI racanA meM kiyaa| saMgha aura saMgama nAmoM meM bhI sAmya hai| tolakAppiyam tamila jaina sAhitya kA samRddha bhaMDAra hai, yahA~ kucheka pramukha racanAoM kA ullekha Avazyaka lagatA hai| yaha tamila bhASA kA sabase pracIna vyAkaraNa grantha hai| yaha eka jaina vidvAn kI racanA mAnA jAtA hai| isa grantha meM 3 bar3e adhyAya aura pratyeka adhyAya meM 9 vibhAga haiN| maraviyala vibhAga meM tolakAppiyam ne ghAsa aura vRkSa ke samAna jIvoM ko ekendriya, ghoMghe ke samAna jIvoM ko doindriya, cIMTI ke samAna jIvoM ko trIindriya, kekar3e ke samAna jIvoM ko cauindriya, bar3e prANiyoM ke samAna jIvoM ko paMcendriya aura manuSya ke samAna jIvoM ko chaH indriya kahA hai| jIvoM kA yaha vibhAga sabhI jaina granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| kurala tamila jaina sAhitya :: 819 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #829
tamilabhASI janatA meM pracAra kI dRSTi se yaha nItigrantha tamila sAhitya meM sabase pradhAna mAnA jAtA hai| isakI racanA jisa chanda meM kI gayI hai, vaha kuralaveNavo ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura tamila sAhitya kA khAsa chanda hai| pustaka kA nAma 'kurala' usameM prayukta chanda ke kAraNa par3A hai| sampUrNa grantha meM ahiMsA dharma kI stuti hai| tamilavAsI isa grantha ko apanA tamila veda yA IzvarIya grantha mAnate haiN| isI se tamila prAnta ke prAyaH sabhI sampradAya ise apanA batalAte haiN| jaina-paramparA bhI isa grantha ko jainAcArya kundakunda apara nAma elAcArya kI racanA batalAtI hai| isa grantha ke tIna viSaya mukhya haiM-arama (dharma), porula (artha), inavam (kaam)| ye tInoM viSaya isa prakAra samajhAe gaye haiM ki ve mUlabhUta ahiMsA siddhAnta ke sAtha sambaddha rheN| grantha ke Adi meM granthakAra dharma ke adhyAya meM likhate haiM-sahasroM yajJoM ko karane kI apekSA kisI prANI kA vadha na karanA aura use bhakSaNa na karanA adhika zreyaskara hai| yahI jainoM kA 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH' siddhAnta hai| kurala ke sambandha meM zrI eriyala kahate haiM- "kurala meM sabase bar3hakara Azcaryajanaka bAta yaha hai ki isake racayitA ne jAti, dharma, sampradAya Adi kI ora dhyAna na dekara samasta mAnava jAti ko sambodhana kiyA hai| usane pUrNa naitikatA kA sUtra rUpa meM kathana kiyA hai| usane gArhasthika aura sAmAjika jIvana ke sarvocca niyamoM ko eka sUtra meM nibaddha kiyA hai| vicAra, bhASA, kavitA, AdhyAtmika cintana Adi para usakA pUrNa prabhutva hai|" ___ aneka videzI bhASAoM meM usakA anuvAda huA hai| usake vicAra pratyeka dhArmika ke hRdaya aura mastiSka ko AkRSTa karate haiN| nAlaDiyAra tamila sAhitya meM dUsarA udbodhaka jainagrantha nAlaDiyAra hai| kurala aura nAlaDiyAra eka-dUsare ke prati TIkA kA kAma karate haiN| aura donoM milakara tamila janatA ke sampUrNa naitika tathA sAmAjika siddhAnta ke Upara mahAn prakAza DAlate haiN| nAlaDiyAra kA nAmakaraNa kurala ke samAna usake chanda ke kAraNa huA hai| nAlaDiyAra kA artha haibeNavA chanda kI cAra paMktiyoM meM kI gayI rcnaa| isake 40 adhyAyoM meM 400 padya haiN| kurala ke pazcAt tamila meM isI kA Adara hai| isameM manuSya kI tRSNA ke AdhArabhUta sAMsArika sukhoM kI anityatA aura ni:sAratA ko batalAkara guNoM ke utpAdana para tathA santa jIvana para vizeSa jora diyA hai| ina padyoM ke racayitA madurA ke kucha jaina haiN| isameM sarvottama naitika vicAra grathita haiN| tamila bhASA ke aThAraha nIti granthoM meM kurala aura nAlaDiyAra atyanta mahattvapUrNa samajhe jAte haiN| tamila sAhitya ke paramparAgata adhyayana ke lie ina donoM granthoM kA adhyayana Avazyaka hai| tamila sAhitya meM pA~ca mahAkAvya haiM-zilappadikAram, valayApati, cintAmaNi, 820 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #830
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir kuNDalakezi aura maNimekhalai / inameM se prathama tIna jaina lekhakoM kI kRti haiM aura zeSa do bauddha vidvAnoM kI kRti haiN| ina pA~ca mahAkAvyoM meM tIna hI upalabdha haiM, valayApati tathA kuNDalakezi anupalabdha haiN| TIkAkAroM ke dvArA yahA~-vahA~ uddhRta padyoM ke sivAya ina granthoM ke sambandha meM kucha bhI vidita nahIM hai| prakIrNaka rUpa meM prApta katipaya padyoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki valayApati jaina granthakAra ke dvArA racita thA / isI prakAra bauddhagrantha kuNDalakezi ke sambandha meM bhI kucha jJAta nahIM hai| nIlakezi grantha meM uddhRta padyoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki kuNDalakezi eka dArzanika grantha thA, jisameM vaidika tathA jainadarzana kA khaNDana karake bauddha darzana ko pratiSThita karane kI koziza kI gayI thI / avaziSTa tIna granthoM meM bauddha grantha maNimekhalai kI kathA kA sambandha zilappadikAram se hai, jo spaSTatayA jaina grantha hai / zilappadikAram yaha atyanta mahattvapUrNa tamila grantha hai| isa grantha ke racayitA llaMgobADigal cera nareza ceralAdana ke laghuputra the / llaMgobADigal ceralAdana ke pazcAt honevAle nareza zenaguTuvana kA choTA bhAI thaa| isI se usakA nAma llaMgobADigal arthAt choTA yuvarAja thaa| vaha jaina muni ho gaye the / isa grantha meM varNita kathA kA sambandha nagara puhAra kAverI pumapaTTaNa ke - jo cola rAjya kI rAjadhAnI thI- mahAn vaNik parivAra se hai| kaNNakI nAma kI nAyikA isI vaizyavaMza kI thii| vaha apane zIla aura patibhakti ke lie prakhyAta thI / cU~ki isa kathA meM pANDya rAjya kI rAjadhAnI madurA meM nUpura athavA zilambu becane kA prasaMga hai, isalie yaha duHkhAnta racanA zilambu mahAkAvya kahI jAtI hai| isa kathA kA sambandha tIna mahArAjyoM se hai| ataH isakA lekhaka, jo cera yuvarAja hai, puhAra, madurA tathA vanajI nAma kI tIna rAjadhAniyoM kA varNana vistAra se karatA hai / astu ! cintAmaNi tamila jaina granthoM meM cintAmaNi niHsandeha sarvotkRSTa hai| usakA racayitA tirutakka deva saMskRta kA eka pramukha vidvAn thA / usake isa grantha meM saMskRta meM jo kucha sarvottama hai, vaha to saMgRhIta hai hI; kintu saMgamakAlIna kavitAoM kA stara bhI usameM diyA hai / usake sAtha hI jainadharma ke mukhya siddhAntoM kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA hai| isameM rAjA jIvaka kA pUrA jIvanavRttAnta aura usake vividha jIvana-prasaMgoM ke avasara kA lAbha uThAkara aneka dhArmika upadeza die gaye haiM / saMskRta ke gadyakAvya cintAmaNi tathA kSatracUr3AmaNi meM bhI jIvaka yA jIvandhara kA carita varNita hai| donoM saMskRta racanAe~ vAdIbhasiMhakRta haiM / inhIM ko tamila 'jIvakacintAmaNi' kA AdhAra mAnA jAtA hai / 'cintAmaNi' tamila sAhitya kA 'mAsTara pIsa' hai / zaiva vidvAnoM taka ne usakI tamila jaina sAhitya :: 821 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #831
prazaMsA kI hai| usakI itanI adhika khyAti se IrSyAlu hokara zaiva kavi sekkiLAra ne periyapurANa kI racanA kI thii| kintu usakI racanA cintAmaNi kI lokapriyatA ko dabA nahIM skii| sekkiLAra ne apane periyapurANa meM cintAmaNi kI jo prazaMsA kI hai, usase patA calatA hai ki usake samaya meM cintAmaNi kI kitanI pratiSThA thii| 'periyapurANa' colanareza kulottuMga kI prArthanA para racA gayA thaa| kulottuMga kA rAjya-kAla I. 1080 se 1118 hai| ataeva isase pahale 'jIvakacintAmaNi' racA gayA thaa| isakI varNita kathA bhI bar3I manorama aura zikSAprada hai| naccinArakkiniyara kI TIkA ke sAtha yaha mudrita ho cukA hai| isameM 30 lamba aura 3145 padya haiN| nariviruttam ___ tirutakka deva kI eka aura ullekhanIya racanA hai| usakA nAma 'nariviruttam' hai| isameM kevala 50 padya haiN| aura sambhavatayA 'hitopadeza' kA eka kathA ke AdhAra para jainadharma ke kucha sarvottama siddhAntoM ko nibaddha kiyA hai| zailI bar3I manorama hai, bAla aura vRddha donoM ke hI lie AkarSaka hai| kavi ne manuSya kI icchAoM ko asthira aura sampatti tathA sAMsArika sukha ko kSaNabhaMgura batalAyA hai| kathA saMkSepa meM isa prakAra eka bAra eka jaMgalI hAthI kheta meM upaja ko kucala rahA thaa| eka zikArI use mAranA cAhatA thaa| eka U~cI bhUmi para khar3A hokara usane hAthI para bANa se prahAra kiyaa| usa bhUmi ke nIce sarpo ke bila the| udhara hAthI marA, idhara sarpa ne zikArI ko Dasa liyaa| zikArI ne sA~pa ke do Tukar3e kara diye aura sarpa ke jahara se mara gyaa| eka syAra yaha saba dekhatA thaa| vaha jhAr3iyoM se nikalakara usa sthAna para AyA aura prasannatApUrvaka bolA-yaha hAthI kA zarIra chaha mAsa ke lie paryApta hai| zikArI se bhI sAta dina kA kAma cala sakatA hai| sarpa eka dina ke lie hI hogaa| aisA apane mana meM kahate hue vaha zikArI ke pAsa gyaa| usakI dRSTi dhanuSa para pdd'ii| jyoM hI usane dhanuSa kI tA~ta meM mu~ha mArA ki dhanuSa TUTakara usake mu~ha meM bar3I jora se lgaa| tatkAla usakA prANAnta ho gyaa| isa kahAnI ke dvArA jisa satya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, vaha spaSTa hai| nIlakezi isake racayitA ke viSaya meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hai| yaha bhAratIya darzana se sambaddha eka tarkapUrNa grantha hai| aura isa para vAmanamuni racita eka samayadivAkara nAma kI utkRSTa TIkA hai| yaha vAmanamuni ve hI haiM, jo sAhityika grantha meru mandirapurANa ke bhI racayitA haiN| __ aisA pratIta hotA hai ki nIlakezi kI racanA bauddha grantha 'kaNDalakezi' ke prativAda 822 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #832
ke lie kI gayI thii| kuNDalakezi ke dArzanika vicAroM kA khaNDana karanA hI usakA uddezya hai| usakI kathA bhI kuNDalakezi ke hI sA~ce meM DhalI huI hai| vaha koI paurANika kathA nahIM hai, kintu dArzanika vivAda kI bhUmikA nirmANa karane ke lie hI sambhavataH usakI kalpanA kI gayI hai| kathA kA sambandha jisa deza se hai, usakI rAjadhAnI hai-punnddrvrdhn| usake bAhara kAlI kA eka mandira hai| vahA~ eka dina kucha nAgarika balidAna ke lie kucha pazu-pakSI lAte haiN| usa mandira ke samIpa vidyamAna municandra nAma ke yogI unheM pazu-balidAna se rokate haiM aura kahate haiM ki yadi tuma pazu-pakSiyoM kI miTTI se banI mUrtiyoM ko kAlI ke mandira meM car3hAoge to devI pUrNa santuSTa hogI aura tuma bahuta-se prANiyoM ke ghAta ke pApa se bhI bcoge| logoM ko to yaha bAta pasanda AyI, kintu kAlIdevI atyanta kruddha huii| usane cAhA ki maiM isa jaina muni ko yahA~ se bhagA dU~, jisase ve balidAna meM bAdhA na DAla skeN| munijI kI AdhyAtmika zakti ke sAmane apane ko hIna anubhava karake kAlIdevI apanI adhiSThAtrI devI nIlakezi kI khoja meM nikalI aura usase apanA kaSTa nivedana kiyaa| nIlakezi ne puNDravardhana nagara meM padhArakara muni ko bhayabhIta karane ke aneka upAya kiye, kintu muni vicalita nahIM hue| taba nIlakezi ne usa deza kI sundarI rAjakumArI kA rUpa dhAraNa karake apanI zRMgArika ceSTAoM se muni ko vicalita karanA cAhA, kintu muni ne svayaM hI usake isa banAvaTI rUpa kA pardAphAza kara diyaa| taba to nIlakezi ne munirAja se prabhAvita hokara apanA aparAdha svIkAra kiyA aura kSamA maaNgii| munirAja ke kSamAdAna karane para nIlakezi ne kRtajJatAvaza pavitra jIvana bitAne kI icchA prakaTa kii| taba munirAja ne use ahiMsA dharma kA upadeza dekara usa pradeza meM ahiMsA dharma kA pracAra karane kA Adeza diyaa| nIlakezi ne ise svIkAra kiyA aura manuSya rUpa ko dhAraNa karake ahiMsA dharma ke pracAra meM apanA samaya lgaayaa| yahI viSaya isa grantha ke 'dharman uraicaukkam' nAma ke prathama adhyAya meM varNita hai| isa grantha meM Atmatattva aura ahiMsA tattva ke AdhAra para mRtyu ke anantara bhI mAnavIya tattva kA avasthAna aura ahiMsAmUlaka dharma kI pradhAnatA ko siddha kiyA gayA yaha grantha tamila sAhitya ke prAcIna kAvya granthoM meM se hai| isameM kula 894 padya haiN| pro. cakravartI ne ise sampAdita karake prakAzita kiyA thaa| yaha tamila sAhitya ke vidyArthiyoM ke lie bhI bar3A upayogI hai| isase vyAkaraNa tathA muhAvare ke kitane hI prayoga aura prAcIna zabda prakAza meM Ate haiN| ataH isa grantha meM kurala aura nAlaDiyAra ke ullekha pAye jAte haiM, ataH yaha grantha unake bAda kI kRti honA caahie| yazodharakAvya __isake racayitA koI jaina muni the| unake sambandha meM anya kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hai| isakI kathA saMskRta bhASA ke yazastilaka campU, yazodharacarita Adi meM varNita hai| TI. tamila jaina sAhitya :: 823 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #833
baiMkaTa ramana AyaMgara ne isakA prakAzana kiyA thaa| cULAmaNi yaha grantha jaina kavi tolA molittevara ke dvArA racA gayA hai| vaha kAraveTa nagara ke adhipati vijaya ke Azrita the| isakA AdhAra jinasena racita mahApurANa kI eka paurANika kathA hai| kathA kA nAyaka tiviTTana yA triviSTapa nau vAsudevoM meM se eka hai| isakA kAvya-saundarya cintAmaNi ke samAna hai| isameM kula 12 sarga aura 2131 padya haiN| merumandarapurANa yaha bhI tamila bhASA kA eka mahAn grantha hai| sAhityika zailI kI uttamatA kI dRSTi se yaha tamila bhASA ke zreSThatama sAhitya ke sadRza hai| yaha meru aura mandara sambandhI paurANika kathA ke AdhAra para racA gayA hai| isI se meru aura mandara yuvarAjoM ke nAma para ise merumandara purANa kahate haiN| isa kathA kA varNana mahApurANa meM AyA hai aura ise vimalanAtha tIrthaMkara ke samaya kI ghaTanA batalAyA hai| nIlakezi ke TIkAkAra vAmana muni hI isake racayitA haiN| ve bukkarAya ke samaya meM 14vIM sadI ke lagabhaga vidyamAna the| jainadharma ke mahattvapUrNa siddhAntoM ke pratipAdana ke lie hI unhoMne isa kathA kA Azraya liyA hai| isameM 30 adhyAya tathA 1405 padya haiN| pro. e. cakravartI ne ise bhUmikA aura TippaNa ke sAtha prakAzita karAyA thaa| zrIpurANa tamila ke jainoM meM yaha bahu pracalita hai| yaha tamila-saMskRta mizrita gadya meM racA gayA hai| isakA AdhAra jinasena svAmI kA mahApurANa hai| isameM 24 tIrthaMkara, 12 cakravartI, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 pratinArAyaNa, 9 baladeva-ina 63 zalAkApuruSoM kA carati varNita hai| isI se ise tresaTha zalAkApuruSa purANa bhI kahate haiN| isake racayitA kA nAma ajJAta hai| yApyaruMgalamkArikai yaha tamila chandazAstra kA grantha amRtasAgara ke dvArA racA gayA hai| yaha lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| isake maMgalAcaraNa ke eka zloka meM arhanta parameSThI ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki yaha jaina granthakAra kI kRti hai| svayaM granthakAra ne yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki yaha eka saMskRta grantha ke AdhAra para racA gayA hai| isa para guNasAgara racita TIkA hai| yaha chandazAstra kA mukhya grantha hai| chandoM tathA padya-racanAoM ke sambandha meM ise pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| isake dyotaka 824 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #834
avataraNa tamila sAhitya meM pAye jAte haiN| inhIM amRta-sAgara ke dvArA racita yApyaruMgalavirutti nAmaka eka tamila chandazAstra kA aura bhI grantha hai| yaha prakAzita ho cukA hai| neminAtham yaha tamila vyAkaraNa kA grantha hai| isake racayitA guNavIra paNDita haiN| yaha malayapura meM racA gayA hai| vahA~ neminAtha bhagavAn kA mandira hai| isI se ise neminAtham nAma diyA gayA hai| isake racayitA guNavIra paNDita kalandai ke vAcAnanda muni ke ziSya the| cU~ki pahale ke tamila vyAkaraNagrantha bahuta vizAla aura bahuzramasAdhya the, isalie isa vyAkaraNa grantha kI racanA kI gyii| isake Arambha ke padyoM meM likhA hai ki jalapravAha ke dvArA malayapura ke jainamandira ke vinAza ke pUrva yaha grantha racA gayA thaa| ata: isako I. san ke prArambha kAla kI racanA kahA jAtA hai| nannU lU yaha tamila vyAkaraNa para dUsarA grantha hai| yaha sabase adhika pracalita hai, tolakAppiyam ke bAda isI kI pratiSThA hai| ziyagaMga nAmaka sAmanta ke anurodha para bAvanandi muni ne isakI racanA kI thii| isake racayitA tolakAppiyam agattiyam tathA avinayam nAmaka tamila vyAkaraNa granthoM meM hI pravINa nahIM the, kintu saMskRta vyAkaraNa jainendra meM bhI pravINa the| isa para bahuta-sI TIkAe~ haiN| inameM mukhya TIkA mallinAtha kI banAI huyI hai| yaha skUla aura kaoNlejoM meM pAThyapustaka ke rUpa meM nirdhArita hai| tamila koSa sAhitya meM bhI jainoM kI dena mahattvapUrNa hai| tamila koSoM meM tIna grantha mahattvapUrNa haiM -divAkara nighaNTu, piMgala nighaNTu aura cUr3AmaNi nighaNTu / ye tInoM koSa padya meM racita haiN| prathama koSa ke racayitA divAkara muni haiM, dUsare ke piMgala aura tIsare ke maNDala puruss| tamila vidvAnoM kA abhimata hai ki ye tInoM jaina the| prathama divAkara nighaNTu kA astitva to lupta ho cukA hai, zeSa donoM upalabdha haiN| inameM se antima cUr3AmaNi nighaNTu kA khUba pracAra hai| usakI bhUmikA ke padyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki usakA racayitA jaina grAma peru mandira kA nivAsI thA, jo dakSiNa arkATa jile ke tindivana tAlukA se kucha mIla dUrI para hai| isake sivAya lekhaka ne jinasenAcArya ke ziSya guNabhadrAcArya kA ullekha kiyA hai| ye guNabhadra uttarapurANa ke racayitA haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki maNDala puruSa guNabhadra ke pazcAt hue haiN| vaha do aura nighaNTuoM kA bhI ullekha karate haiN| cUr3AmaNi-nighaNTu viruttama chanda meM likhA gayA hai| usameM bAraha adhyAya haiN| jAphanA ke svaara mukha nAvalara racita TIkA ke sAtha vaha prakAzita ho cukA hai| tamila jaina sAhitya :: 825 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #835
tirunUrantadi isake lekhaka eka alavAra haiN| unhoMne jainadharma dhAraNa kiyA thaa| kahate haiM ki jaba vaha eka dina jinAlaya ke pAsa se jA rahe the, unhoMne mandira ke bhItara mokSa tathA mokSamArga kA upadeza karate hue jainAcArya ko sunaa| usase AkRSTa hokara vaha mandira ke bhItara gaye aura unhoMne AcArya se unakA upadeza zravaNa karane kI AjJA maaNgii| usake bAda unhoMne jainadharma ko aMgIkAra kara liyA aura apane isa parivartana kI smRti meM mAilapura ke neminAtha bhagavAn ko sambodhita karate hue yaha grantha bnaayaa| yaha bhaktirasa kA atyanta sundara grantha hai| antadi eka prakAra kI vizeSa racanA hai, jisameM pUrva padya kA antima zabda dUsare padya kA prathama tathA mukhya zabda ho jAtA hai| antadi kA artha hai-anta aura Adi, isameM padyoM kI eka paMkti zabdavizeSa se paraspara sambandhita rahatI hai, jo pUrva padya meM antima zabda hotA hai aura bAda ke padya meM phlaa| tirunUrantadi sau padyoM kI aisI hI eka racanA hai| yaha madurA ke tamila saMgama ke dvArA saMcAlita zena tamila patra meM TippaNI sahita chapA thaa| tirukkalambagam yaha bhI bhaktirasa kA grantha hai| isake lekhaka udIcideva nAma ke jaina haiN| ve thoNDa maNDala deza ke antargata velora jile ke arNI ke pAsa arapagaI nAmaka sthAna ke nivAsI the| rulambagam kA artha hai-laghu kavitAoM kA aisA mizraNa, jisameM aneka chandoM ke padya hoN| yaha grantha kevala bhaktirasa pUrNa hI nahIM hai, kintu saiddhAntika bhI gaNita, jyotiSa tathA phalita vidyA-sambandhI granthoM ke nirmANa meM bhI jainoM kA yoga rahA hai| aiMcUvaDi gaNita kA pracalita grantha hai tathA jinandramauli jyotiSa kA pracalita grantha hai| jo vyApArI paramparA ke anusAra apanA hisAba-kitAba rakhate haiM, ve prArambha meM aiMcUvaDi nAmaka gaNita grantha kA abhyAsa karate haiN| isI prakAra tamila jyotiSI jinendra mauli kA abhyAsa karate haiN| pro. AyaMgara ne likhA hai ki durbhAgya se vividha viSayoM se sambaddha bahuta-sA jaina tamila sAhitya maThoM aura bhaNDAroM meM banda par3A hai| yaha AzA kI jAtI hai ki dakSiNa ke zikSita jaina bhAI use prakAza meM lAe~ge aura taba hama yaha siddha kara sakeMge ki dakSiNa bhArata ke sAhityika itihAsa meM jainoM kA kitanA mahAna bhAga rahA hai| (sAbhAra-dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma) 826 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #836
marAThI jaina sAhitya __ DaoN. kusuma paToriyA, nAgapura prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya bhASAoM kI bhA~ti marAThI bhASA va sAhitya ke vikAsa meM jainAcAryoM kI ullekhanIya bhUmikA hai| zrI ra. kulakarNI ke anusAra marAThI kI garbhAvasthA se jainoM kA marAThI se sambandha hai| jainoM ne marAThI ke bacapana kA pAlana-poSaNa kiyA hai|' marAThI ke astitva ke saMketa AThavIM zatAbdI se milate haiN| koUhalakavi apanI lIlAvaIkahA ko 'marahaTTha-devi-bhAsA' meM racita kahate haiM, to udyotana sUri 'marahaTTha-bhAsA' kA usakI vizeSatAoM sahita ullekha karate haiN| zravaNabelagola kA 'zrIcAvuNDarAe~ karaviyaleM' lekha tathA kannaDa mahAkaviyoM ke kAvyoM meM marAThI vAkyoM ke prayoga marAThI ke prasAra ko sUcita karate haiN| marAThI ke Adyagrantha hone kA zreya zrIpati (10vIM zatAbdI) dvArA saMskRta meM racita jyotipatnamAlA kI marAThI TIkA ko hai, jo mahAkavi abhimAnameru puSpadanta ke bhatIje the| upalabdha marAThI jaina sAhitya kA Arambha 15vIM zatAbdI se hotA hai| ullekhanIya hai ki Arambhika kRtiyoM meM marAThI bhASA ke lie 'desabhASA', 'mharASTri' 'mAgadhI' 'marASTa bhASA' manhASTa' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| marAThI meM racanA karane kA uddezya svayaM granthakAroM ne ziSyoM ko dharmopadeza va jaina kathAoM kA jJAna karAnA, janakalyANa, mithyAtva kA apasAraNa, dharmaprabhAvanA, zrAvakoM para upakAra ke sAtha svakalyANa, bhakti meM jIvana-yApana karake mana kI caMcalatA ko rokanA va mokSamArga meM lagAnA Adi batAyA hai| isa uddezya kI pUrti ke lie pUrva sAhitya se prerita va anUdita sAhitya kI nirmiti adhika huii| isa samaya jaina samAja ko bRhattara samAja se vedavirodhI nAstika ke rUpa meM upekSA mila rahI thii| vaha-svayaM apane dharma se anabhijJa thaa| ataH anAyAsa hI hindU dharma meM rUpAntarita hote hue jaina samAja ko apane dharma meM sthira karanA samaya kI AvazyakatA thI, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa bhaTTArakoM ke isa yuga meM paNDita bhaTTArakoM va unake ziSyoM dvArA maThoM va mandiroM meM rahakara purAne sAhitya ke saMrakSaNa kA mahattvapUrNa kArya sampanna huaa| marAThI jaina sAhitya kA Arambha prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, gujarAtI, hindI, kannaDa marAThI jaina sAhitya :: 827 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #837
Adi ke granthoM ke viSayoM se anabhijJa marAThI pAThakoM ke samakSa una viSayoM ko unakI bhASA meM prastuta karane se huA hai| aisA karate hue kaviyoM ne kathAvastu meM parivartana karanA anucita samajhA hai| janArdana kavi navarasoM kI nirmiti kI dRSTi se zoka kA prasaMga prastuta karate haiM, turanta ise aparAdha mAnakara kSamA yAcanA karate haiN| inhoMne kathAoM ko sarvajJamukha se nirgata tathA paramparA prApta hone se inakI zuddhatA banAe rakhanA apanA dAyitva mAnA hai| marAThI jaina sAhitya vividha vidhAoM meM prApta hotA hai| inameM purANa, carita aura kathAkAvyoM ke rUpa meM prApta prabandhAtmaka kAvya pramukha haiN| paurANika mahAkAvyoM meM guNakIrtikRta padmapurANa, jinadAsakRta harivaMzapurANa, mahIcandrakRta AdinAthapurANa va devendrakIrtikRta kAlikApurANa, caritakAvyoM meM guNadAsakRta zreNikacaritra, janArdanakRta zreNika caritra, nAgo AyA kRta jasodharacaritra, guNanandIkRta jasodharapurANa, megharAja kA jasodhararAsa, dAmApaNDita kA jambUsvAmIcarita, vIradAsakRta sudarzanacarita, jinasAgarakRta jIvandharapurANa ullekhanIya haiN| ye paurANika-caritagrantha padmapurANa, harivaMzapurANa va Adi purANa Adi prasiddha saMskRta purANoM ke AdhAra para vikasita to haiM hI, para inake sAkSAt preraNAsrota brahma jinadAsa dvArA gujarAtI meM racita kramaza: rAmAyaNarAsa, harivaMzarAsa va AdinAtharAsa haiN| brahma jinadAsa rAjasthAnI-hindI ke prasiddha kavi rahe haiN| devagiri (marAThavAr3A) meM janame marAThI harivaMzapurANa ke racayitA brahma jinadAsa gujarAtI-rAjasthAnI kAvyoM ke racayitA brahma jinadAsa se bhinna haiN| gujarAtI brahma jinadAsa ne apane ziSya guNadAsa (guNakIrti) ko marAThI meM racanA karane kI preraNA dI thii| ina kAvyoM se ina kaviyoM ke pANDitya va inakI kavitvazakti kA patA calatA hai| marAThI-sAhitya ke itihAsakAroM ke anusAra nAmadeva ke pazcAt tathA ekanAtha ke Agamana taka marAThI sAhitya meM eka zUnya-sA nirmita ho gayA thaa| isa zUnya ko bharane kA kAma jainAcAryoM ne kiyA hai| dharma-kathA kI apanI sImAoM meM inhoMne apanI samartha abhivyakti va praur3habhASAzailI se ina prabandhoM ko kAvyAtmaka guNoM se sampanna kiyA hai| kAlikA purANa kA mahattva sAhityetara-dRSTi se bhI hai| madhyayuga meM vizeSataH mahArASTra meM durgA yA kAlI kA samIkaraNa padmAvatI ke sAtha huaa| yaha kAlikApurANa kAlI yA padmAvatI ke mAhAtmya kA varNana karatA hai| isake prathama ATha prakaraNoM meM zreNikarAja kathA, caturtha va paMcama kAla kA varNana, kulakaroM kA varNana, mahAbalarAjA kI kathA, somavaMza va pANDavoM kI utpatti, parazurAma kI kathA va mAhorakSetra kI nirmiti Adi prasaMga haiN| zeSa 21 taka ke adhyAyoM meM mahakAvatI ke bogAra va unakA liMgAyatoM se saMgharSa, tagA bogAroM kI utpatti, musalamAnoM se hone vAle kaSToM kA varNana hai| isI bhAga meM tatkAlIna mahArASTra meM jainoM ke apane astitva ke lie saMgharSoM kA vivaraNa hai| kAsAra, bogAra, tagarabogAroM ke vyApArI samAja kI jAnakArI paurANika paddhati se 828 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #838
dI gayI hai| somavaMzI kSatriya jainoM se utpanna tagarabogAroM kA paristhitivaza zaiva honA va liMgAyatoM dvArA jainoM ko liMgAyata banAyA jAnA Adi vivaraNoM meM aitihAsika satya anusyUta hai| mahArASTra meM carcita kSatriyoM ke chiyAnave kuloM kA bhI yahA~ ullekha hai| yahIM padmAvatI kA varNana hai| kAma ke badale upaja kA aMza Adi pAne vAle baluta kahalAte haiN| padmAvatI ko ina balutedAroM kI nimna varga ke samAja kI devI batAyA gayA hai| choTemoTe vyApArI, luhAra, sunAra, sutAra Adi kArIgara varga kI yahI pUjya devI haiN| zravaNabelagola se lekara kAraMjA taka ke pradeza ke jainoM meM hue parivartana ko jAnane ke lie yaha atyanta upayogI grantha hai| inhoMne apane grantha kA AdhAra saMskRta meM racita mahApadmapurANa batAyA hai| jinaratnakoza meM bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti ke ziSya jinadAsaracita saMskRta padmapurANa ke atirikta anya saMskRta padmapurANoM kA ullekha hai| inameM se kisa purANa meM kAlikAkathA hai, yaha zodha kA viSaya hai| zeSa adhyAyoM meM inhoMne samyaktvakaumudI, dharmaparIkSA tathA anantavratakathA kA gumphana kiyA hai| caritakAvyoM meM guNadAsa kA zreNikacaritra prathama va utkRSTa sAhityika grantha hai| susambaddha kathAnaka, rocaka va mukhyakathA ke pravAha se sambaddha upakathAe~, nagara, maNDapa, vivAha abhayakumAra kI bAlalIlA Adi prabandhakAvyocita varNana va zreNika, celanA, abhayakumAra, nandA, kuNika Adi ke caritra-citraNa inakI kAvya-pratibhA ke nidarzana haiN| marAThI bhASA, tatkAlIna marAThI samAja va saMskRti ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai| isI zreNika caritra ko AdhAra banAkara janArdana kavi ne cAlIsa adhyAyoM vAlA zreNikapurANa likhaa| janArdana kavi kI bhASA atyanta praur3ha va racanA zreSTha darje kI hai| nau rasoM kI abhivyaMjanA ke lie kAvya kA vistAra kiyA hai| alaMkAra pracura bhASA zailI va samartha abhivyakti kauzala muktezvara va ekanAtha ke guNoM kA samanvaya pratIta hotA hai| jinasenakRta jambUsvAmIcarita susambaddha kathAnaka va alaMkRta zailI kA uttama mahAkAvya hai| dAmApaNDita ne saMskRta grantha ke AdhAra para jambUsvAmI caritra racA hai| yaudheya deza ke rAjA yazodhara ke carita para tIna kAvyoM kI racanA huI hai| vyutpanna paNDita megharAja kA jasodhararAsa bhASA-adhyayana kI dRSTi se upayogI hai| inakI mAtRbhASA gujarAtI thii| bhASA para bhI gujarAtI kA saMskAra hai| grantha kA nAma bhI jasodhararAsa hai| nAgorAyA kA jasodharacaritra vAdirAjasUri ke saMskRta 'yazodharacaritam' para AdhArita hai| bhASA para barArI bolI kA prabhAva hai| guNanandI ne jasodharapurANa ke lie sakalakIrti ke grantha ko apanA AdhAra banAyA hai| sudarzana para bhI do racanAe~ haiN| kAmarAja kRta sudarzanacarita jisakA AdhAra jinadAsakRta sudarzanarAsa tathA vIradAsa (muni avasthA meM pAsakIrti) kA sudarzanacarita hai| jisakA AdhAra sakalakIrtikRta saMskRta grantha hai, dayAbhUSaNa ne gujarAtI rAsa ke AdhAra marAThI jaina sAhitya :: 829 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #839
para bhaviSyadatta bandhudatta purANa kI racanA kI hai| jinasAgara kI 'lahu-aMkuzakathA' rAma ke putroM kI kathA hai| sItA vanavAsa ke bAda lahu-aMkuza ke janma se unake mokSa taka kI sampUrNa kathA hai| pravAhapUrNa bhASA, sundara zabdavinyAsa, rocaka saMvAda va anurUpa chandoyojanA Adi guNoM se yukta kathA-kAvya hai| rAma ke putroM para svatantra rUpa se racita sambhavataH yaha prathama kathAkAvya hai| rukmiNIharaNa geyatA-guNa se yukta eka khaNDakAvya kahA jA sakatA hai| guNakIrti kA hI neminAtha pALaNA, neminAtha vivAha va neminAtha jinadIkSA jIvana ke ekadeza kA varNana hone se khaNDakAvya kahe jA sakate haiN| sabhI kAvya dharmakathAe~ haiN| vIradAsa ne apanI kathA ko nAgarakathA kahA hai| apanI kathA ko nAgarakathA kahane kA uddezya sundara alaMkArapUrNa sAhityika kRti hai| iti sudarasena kthaasaar| guru vaMdilA dhrmcNdr| bovI bAMdhatA virsaagr| kathA nAgara prisaavi||" vizva ke prathama rUpakAtmaka prabandha hone kA zreya siddharSisUri kI 'upamitibhava prapaMcA kathA' ko hai| isake pazcAt saMskRta meM jaina va jainetara kaviyoM ne kaI pratIka nATakoM kI racanA kI hai| paNDita sUrijanakRta 'paramahaMsakathA' aisI hI rUpakAtmaka kathA hai| isameM moha se saMgrAma kara viveka dvArA paramahaMsa ko mukta karane kI kathA hai| 'moharAjaparAjaya' nAmaka nATaka meM bhI kumArapAla dvArA viveka kI sahAyatA se moharAja ko parAjita karane kA varNana hai| 'rayaNaseharanivakahA' nAmaka prAkRta kAvya kA rUpakAtmaka aMza tatkAlIna prAcIna gujarAtI meM isa prakAra hai kAyApATaNi haMsarAjA phurai pvntlaar| tINaI pATaNi vasai jogI jANai jogvicaar|' gujarAtI kavi jayazekharasUri ne 'paramahaMsaprabodha' kI racanA kI-uparyukta tInoM racanAe~ gujarAtI kaviyoM kI hai| pratIta hotA hai ki gujarAtI meM likhita brahma jinadAsa ke paramaMhasarAsa ke AdhAra para paM. sUrijana ne isakI marAThI meM prastuti kii| marAThI meM ye do hI rUpakakathAe~ haiM paramahaMsakathA aura dAnazIlatapa bhaavnaa| paramahaMsakathA meM rUpaka kA sundara nirvAha huA hai| kAyAnagarI meM paramahaMsa rAjA rAjya karatA hai| mAyA ke kAraNa vaha bandI bana jAtA hai| viveka moha se ghanaghora saMgrAma kara paramahaMsa ko mukta karAtA hai| yahA~ mukhyArtha va vyaMgyArtha donoM kA sundara samanvaya huA hai| moha mAyA, viveka cetanA Adi amUrta pAtra, kalAtmaka DhaMga se mUrtita hue haiN| isa kathA meM tatkAlIna rAjakIya jIvana pratibimbita huA hai| tarALa (nagararakSaka paharedAra) se sAmAnya janatA AtaMkita rahatI thii| vaha nagara meM Ane-jAne vAle logoM para nigAha rakhatA thaa| bhikhAriyoM ke 830 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #840
veza meM guptacara ghUmate the| dAna, zIla, tapa va bhAvanA, ye cAroM bha. mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM jAkara apanI-apanI zreSThatA ghoSita karate haiN| isa prakAra caitanya phAga bhI choTIsI rUpakAtmaka racanA hai| rUpakAtmaka (Allegorical) kathA dvArA ina kaviyoM ne marAThI meM eka nayI vidhA sthApita kI hai| ___ jainetara sampradAyoM kI avizvasanIya mAnyatAoM, andhavizvAsa, atiraMjita, asvAbhAvika kathAkalpanAoM para vyaMgya karate hue haribhadrasUri ne dhUrtAkhyAna kI racanA kii| usI kA pallavana dharmaparIkSA nAmaka grantha kI kathAoM meM huA hai| dharmaparIkSA nAmaka lagabhaga bIsa grantha likhe jA cuke haiN| inake uddezya ke viSaya meM kaviyoM ne kahA hai ki buddhi ke abhimAna yA pakSapAta se maiMne jainetara siddhAntoM kA khaNDana nahIM kiyA hai| satpuruSoM ko sugati prApta ho-yahI merA uddezya hai| marAThI meM bhI vizAlakIrti va devendramuni ne dharmaparIkSA likhI haiN| isa prakAra ina kathAoM ko marAThI meM lAkara usI saduddezya kI pUrti kI gayI hai| puNyAsrava kathAkoSa laghukathAoM kA koza grantha hai| mumukSu rAmacandra kI mUla saMskRta va nAgarAja kI kannaDa racanA ke AdhAra para jinasena ne isakI marAThI meM racanA kii| puNyAsrava kathAkoSa kI kathAoM meM paurANika kathAoM ke sAtha-sAtha aneka loka-kathAe~ haiN| bhadrabAhu kathA meM candragupta maurya kA itihAsa kucha aMzoM meM surakSita hai| ArAdhanA kathAkoza va samyaktvakaumudI bhI aisI hI laghukathAoM ke koza haiN| vratakathA eka anya prakAra kA kathA-bheda hai| madhyayuga taka vrata zabda ahiMsAdi ke atirikta upavAsa ke artha meM adhika prayukta hone lagA thaa| bhinna-bhinna avasaroM para kiye jAne vAle vividha upavAsoM kI vidhi, unakA phala, udyApana vidhi va unase sambaddha kathAoM ke varNana ina vratakathAoM meM haiN| ina kathAoM kA prArambha 'NANapaMcamI kahAo' se mAnA jA sakatA hai| apabhraMza yuga meM inakA vistAra huA hai| marAThI meM lagabhaga pacAsa se adhika vratakathAe~ likhI gayI haiN| aneka kathAe~ atyanta sarasa haiN| bahuta sambhava hai ki vrata ke dina ina kathAoM kA mandiroM meM vAcana huA karatA rahA hogaa| ina kathAoM ke atirikta marAThI meM svatantra bhavAntara-kathAe~ bhI racI gayI haiN| sabhI purANa-caritra Adi meM caritanAyakoM ke pUrvabhava samAhita rahate haiM, parantu bhavAntara-kathAoM kI svatantra rUpa se racanA marAThI sAhitya kA vaiziSTya hai| inameM megharAja va gaMgAdAsakRta pArzvanAtha bhavAntara, cimanApaNDitakRta neminAtha bhavAMtara va chatrasenakRta AdinAtha bhavAntara vaiziSTyapUrNa haiN| __marAThI meM stotra kI racanA bhI vipula-mAtrA meM huI hai| ye stotra saMskRta bhaktAmara Adi ke anuvAda bhI ke rUpa meM prastuta haiM, svatantra bhii| tIrthaMkaroM ke atirikta gomaTa svAmI, padmAvatI va kSetrapAla bhI stutya haiN| stutikAroM meM jinasAgara, mahIcanda va cimanApaNDita pramukha haiN| isa kAla meM stutya Adarza ke guNoM kI prApti kA lakSya na hokara yAcanA marAThI jaina sAhitya :: 831 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #841
va vara mA~ganA pramukha rahA hai| mAjhe bola pavitra komala tujhyA zrotrIM na kA biNbtii| vAkye he zravaNAMta jhoMbati taI pASANa hI phuutttii||" bArahamAsA kI paramparA hindI meM bahuta samRddha rahI hai| bArahamAsA virahagIta hai| marAThI meM virahagIta 'virANI' va zRMgArika lAvaNI ke rUpa meM haiM, para bArahamAsA pratyeka mahIne kI pArzvabhUmi meM viraha-vedanA ko vyakta karane ke kAraNa viziSTa hai| isakA mUla kAlidAsa ke RtusaMhAra meM khojA jA sakatA hai| jainoM kI vItarAga-paramparA meM rAjImatI hI aisA pAtra hai, jise AdhAra banAkara bArahamAsA likhe gaye haiN| marAThI meM bhI dinAsA kavi ne bArAmAsI racakara isa lokakAvya kI paramparA kA marAThI meM zrIgaNeza kiyaa| lokagIta lorI ko marAThI meM aMgAI/aMgAIgIta kahate haiN| loriyoM kA prArambha jo jo (jhopa-jhopa) arthAt so jA so jA ina zabdoM meM hotA hai| pALaNAgIta kucha isI prakAra ke haiN| guNakIrtikRta 'neminAthapALaNA' marAThI kA pahalA pALaNA (jhUlA) hai| isakA prArambha bhI 'jo jo' zabda se hai| isake pazcAt mahAvIrapALaNA, padmAvatIcA pALaNA, cakravartIcA pALaNA, nemIzvarapALaNA Adi pALaNA-gIta milate haiN| ye pALaNAgIta ina caritanAyakoM ke janmotsava haiN| marAThI meM pracalita lAvaNI, povADA, kIrtana, bhUpALI Adi lokakAvya ke prakAra bhI jainakaviyoM ne AtmasAta kiye haiN| lAvaNI kA prayoga hAva-bhAva pradarzita kara nAcane ke lie racita zRMgArika gIta ke rUpa meM huA hai, jisakA upayoga mahatIsAgara ne apane guru kI stuti 'devendralAvaNI' meM kiyA hai| povADA yazogAna hotA hai| bhUpALI prabhAtI hotI hai| isake atirikta aneka pada va gIta likhe gaye haiN| piMgA, phugaDI, ceMDUphaLI, TiparI, layalAkhoTA, jhampA Adi kheloM ke lie bAlakoM ke khelate samaya gAye jAne vAle gIta likhe gaye haiM, jinake dvArA bAlamana para dhArmika saMskAra utpanna karane kA bhAva hai| marAThI jaina kaviyoM ne pajAe~ va AratiyA~ baDI tanmayatA se likhI haiN| geyatA inakA mukhya guNa hai| ye mandiroM meM vAdyoM ke sAtha sAmUhika rUpa se gAyI jAtI thiiN| kucha AratiyA~ artha kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| ye AratiyA~ mandiroM va mUrtiyoM ke itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / prAyaH AratiyoM meM sthAna, mandira va mUlanAyaka kA ullekha milatA hai| padyakAvyoM ke atirikta jainAcAryoM ne marAThI sAhitya ko paramahaMsakathA ke rUpa meM eka sundara campU kAvya diyA hai| eka hajAra oviyoM ke madhya varNana gadya meM haiN| gadya meM choTe-choTe vAkya haiM-dUtAce vRttAMta sAMgitale, maga to dutAprati bollaa| 832 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #842
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org marAThI racanAkAroM ne zAstrIya granthoM kI bhI racanA kI hai| prajJAcakSu yAdavasuta ne vividha vRttoM meM 222 padyoM meM aSTakarmaprakRti nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI hai| karmasiddhAnta para marAThI meM yaha ekamAtra kRti hai / jJAnodaya tIna adhyAyoM meM 100 ovI meM AtmajJAna kI prApti kA vivecana hai / 'AtmakhyAti' AcArya kundakunda ke samayasAra grantha para amRtacandrAcArya kRta 'AtmakhyAti' TIkA kA marAThI rUpAntara hai / jinasena va ratnakIrti donoM ne apane upadeza - ratnamAlA granthoM meM zrAvaka ke SaTkarmoM kA upadeza diyA hai| jinakathA yA jinAgamakathA meM chahakAla, caubIsa tIrthaMkara va bAraha aMgoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa hai| dilasukha ne apane 'svAtmavicAra' nAmaka grantha meM vividha darzanoM ke Atma viSayaka vicAroM kI samIkSA kI hai| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir zAstrIya granthoM meM dharmAmRtatattvasAra gadyAtmaka hai, jisameM zrAvaka kI AcAra-saMhitA ke sAtha lokaracanA, gaNita, tIrtha tattvavarNana Adi kA bhI saMkSipta varNana hai / isake nAmakaraNa para paM. AzAdharajI ke dharmAmRta kA prabhAva pratIta hotA hai| bhASA, sAMskRtika itihAsa Adi ke dRSTikoNa se yaha mahattvapUrNa hai| dharmAmRta, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra kI marAThI TIkA, svAtmavicAra va AtmakhyAti Adi ye grantha gadya meM haiM / ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra kI yaha TIkA saMskRta TIkA ke anurUpa mUla muddoM kA sparza karane vAlI hai| zAstrIya granthoM kI gadyazailI praur3ha, arthagarbha, spaSTa va mArmika hai| paramahaMsakathA campUkAvya kA gadya cUrNa zailI kA hai| prAyaH sabhI kavi bahuzruta va bahubhASAvida the| saMskRta, prAkRta, kannar3a, hindI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAoM ke uttama jJAtA the| aneka kaviyoM ne do yA do se adhika bhASAoM meM racanA kI hai| gujarAtI - kannaDa se isa sAhityika AdAna ne sAMskRtika sambandhoM ko dRr3ha kiyA hai| ye donoM naye pravAha marAThI ko inhIM kaviyoM ne diye haiN| sabhI sAhityakAra sAhityaracanA ke prati satarka the| unhoMne apane kavitva ke parimArjana ke lie zabdakoza, chanda, mahAkAvya, vyAkaraNa, tarka, saMgIta sabhI kA niSThA se adhyayana kiyA hai| jaina zAstra va sAhitya ke to adhyetA the hii| inhoMne apane ko sarasvatI kA kRpApAtra kavIzvara mAnA hai / jainAcArya rasAsvAda ko brahmAnaMdasahodara nahIM mAnate, vaha mohanIya karma ke udaya kA pariNAma hai| 14 kahA~ to rasAsvAda ke lie citta vAsanAyukta (savAsana) honA anivArya hai, to dUsarI ora AtmAnanda jo vItarAga (vAsanAmukta) citta meM hI sambhava hai / rasAsvAda se bhI vivekI manuSya ko saMsAra kA vAstavika svarUpa jAnanA cAhie / ataH ina kaviyoM kA zRMgAra - varNana sAhityasarjanA kI anivAryatA hai, zRMgAra ke nIce sarvatra vairAgya kI dhArA hai / vipralambha zRMgAra ke Azraya rAjImatI va aMjanApavanaMjaya haiN| sudarzana caritra meM zRMgArAbhAsa ke darzana hote haiN| yuddhaprasaMgoM meM vIra rasa jambUsvAmIcaritra, zreNikacarita, padmapurANa Adi meM hai / karuNa celanA ke vilApa meM padmapurANa meM, hAsya marAThI jaina sAhitya :: 833 -- For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #843
rasa samyaktva kaumudI meM hai| vIbhatsa kAmajIvana kI AdhArabhUta striyoM ke prati virakti meM hai| guNakIrti kA padmapurANa, janArdana kA zreNikacarita va jinasena kA jambUsvAmIcaritra rasa-dRSTi se ullekhanIya haiN| zleSAtmaka kliSTa racanA ke prati ina kaviyoM kA upekSAbhAva svAbhAvika hai, kyoMki, ye kavi sAmAnyajana ke lie kavikarma kara rahe the| saMgItAtmakatA para ye adhika sajaga hai, isalie anuprAsa va sAmAnya yamaka inake lie upayogI rahe haiN| janArdana naye upamAnoM kI yojanA karate haiN| alaMkAra vastu va dRzya kA citra upasthita karane meM samartha haiN| inhoMne alaMkAroM ke binA bhI aneka dRzyoM ke sajIva citra upasthita kiye haiN| zreNika, abhayakumAra, celanA, jasodhara, amRtamatI, sudarzana, jambUsvAmI, jIvandhara Adi sabhI ke caritra sImAoM meM Abaddha hote hue mArmika bana par3e haiN| prakRti citraNoM meM nayA va tAjApana hai, prAcIna kAvyoM kA anukaraNa nhiiN| * garjanA gajAcyA gjghnnttaa| abhrapaTala ratha daattaa| vijA lavatI vikttaa| tethe pai||16 chandoM kI dRSTi se ovI aura abhaMga ye prAcIna marAThI ke lokapriya chanda haiN| saMskRta meM anuSTup kI taraha ovI choTA-sA va sarvAdhika prayukta chanda hai| prAyaH sabhI jaina kaviyoM ne ovI kA hI prayoga adhika kiyA hai| sambhava hai ovI anuSTup kA apabhraMza hI ho| tIna caraNoM vAlI ovI ko gAyatrI chanda kahA hai| kucha kaviyoM ne saMskRta vRttoM kA upayoga kiyA hai| bhaktAmara kA anuvAda vasaMtatilakA vRtta meM hI huA hai| abhaMga kA upayoga muktakakAvya ke lie hotA hai| marAThI saMta vAGmaya meM abhaMga kA adhika prayoga hai| mahatIsAgara, kavIndrasevaka va cimanApaNDita ne bhI bhakti va vairAgya ke lie abhaMga racanA kii| inameM cimanA paNDita ke abhaMga aprApta haiN| jaina kaviyoM ne rAjasthAnI hindI va gujarAtI se dUhA, caupai, vastu (raDDA) savaiyA Adi chanda marAThI ko diye haiN| ___bhASA kI dRSTi se bhI ina kaviyoM kA marAThI bhASA va sAhitya ko pradeya anupekSaNIya hai| pandrahavIM zatAbdI se Aja taka kI marAThI jaina sAhitya kI yAtrA eka dIrghayAtrA hai| isa yAtrA meM sthAnIya va kAla ke prabhAva par3e haiN| isakA Arambha vidarbha pradeza meM gujarAtI kaviyoM ne kiyA hai| isake prathama kavi guNadAsa (guNakIrti) IDara pITha se sambaddha kintu jaisavAla jAti ke the|" isalie inakI bhASA para gujarAtI va hindI kA prabhAva hai| Arambhika sAhitya ke AdhArabhUta grantha saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza ke atirikta gujarAtI, kannaDa bhI rahe haiN| ata: isameM dekhiyalA, jima, tima, pAkhe, kahanA, kAjo, hanAnA, suhAvaNA, pakhI, jhUlanA Adi gujarAtI zabdoM ke sAtha bone, mAtu, guDhI, mAMdusa, 834 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #844
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir katti Adi kannar3a zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai / samyaktva, mithyAtva, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, karmaprakRti, mohanIya, kSAyika Adi jaina darzana ke pAribhASika zabdoM se marAThI ko samRddha kiyA hai| marAThI kI prAdezika boliyoM barArI (vidarbha pradeza kI vanhADI) va ahirANI (khAnadeza kI bolI) ke prAcIna rUpa bhI ina racanAoM meM dekhe jA sakate haiM / nIbA racita do gIta haiM, eka ahirANI gIta, jisameM zrIpura ke antarikSa pArzvanAtha kI stuti hai / zrIpura nagra suhAvane shie| taThe svAmi jIna pAsa / nIlavarana sarira vo tyAnhA / sohe vo ugravaMsa || suhAvane, sahie, tyAnhA, sohe Adi zabda hindI ke AsapAsa hai / Age bhI isa taraha 'mananI Asa' 'me dekhA' Adi prayoga haiN|" vidarbha pradeza ke kaviyoM kI praur3ha saMskRtaniSTha bhASA para bhI vanhADI bolI kA prabhAva hai| khuDikA, phAsuka, richinI, biMjhagirI, lahu, dullabha, sAhamI jaise apabhraMza zabda bhI prAcIna jaina marAThI meM haiN| aneka lokoktiyoM va muhAvaroM se paripUrNa bhASA kA prayoga hai| mudraNakalA se vartamAna yuga meM krAntikArI parivartana huA hai| 1850 ke bAda aneka jaina patra-patrikAe~ marAThI meM prakAzita huiiN| isa yuga meM bhI mukhya kArya anya bhASAoM se marAThI meM anuvAda kArya pramukha hai| marAThI saMskRti meM race-base seTha hIrAcaMda nemacanda dozI haiN| inhoMne jainabodhaka mAsika patrikA kA prArambha kiyaa| svaracita 'jaina dharmAcI mAhitI' ke sAtha anya samAja meM jAgRti karane vAlI pustakoM kI racanA kI / inakI dUsarI pIr3hI meM jIvarAja gautamacanda dozI ne tattvArthasUtra, AtmAnuzAsana va tatkAlIna vidvAnoM ke hindI granthoM kA marAThI anuvAda kiyaa| tIsarI pIr3hI ke rAvajI sakhArAma doSI ne marAThI anuvAda kA kAma Age bddh'aayaa| isI parivAra kI kaMkubAI ne bhI anuvAda kA kArya kiyA / bra. jIvarAja jI ne apanI samasta sampatti kA dAnakara jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha kI sthApanA kii| isakI jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA ne 50 se adhika grantha prakAzita kiye haiN| vardhA ke nemacanda va gaNapatarAva cavaDe ne jisa kAla meM marAThI meM 'saMgIta saubhadra', 'saMgIta zAkuntala' Adi rUpa meM saMskRta nATakoM ke anuvAda likhe jA rahe the, taba saMgIta suzIlamanoramA, saMgIta garvaparihAranATaka va aneka kRtiyoM kI racanA kii| jainabandhu mAsika patrikA kA prakAzana kiyA / bAlacanda kastUracanda gAMdhI, dhArAziva (usmAnAbAda) ne kRSNAjI nArAyaNa jozI ke saMskRta kAvya va zAstroM ke anuvAda prakAzita kie| nAnA rAmacandra nAga ne jainadharma svIkAra kara aneka granthoM ke anuvAda va chAtropayogI sAhitya kI sarjanA kii| kallappA bharamAppA niTave, kolhApura, jainendra mudraNAlaya ke saMcAlaka the| inhoMne jainoM ke pramukha saMskRta granthoM kA marAThI marAThI jaina sAhitya :: 835 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #845
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org bhASAntara kiyA / jinadAsa pArzvanAtha phaDakule ne lagabhaga 20 granthoM kA marAThI va hindI anuvAda kiyA hai| motIcanda hIrAcanda gAMdhI ne bhI kaI granthoM kA anuvAda kiyA / vizeSa yaha hai ki tamila kurala kAvya va zvetAmbara AcArya siddharSikRta upamitibhava prapaMcAkathA kA bhI anuvAda kiyA hai| mahAvIracaritra va tIrthavaMdanA vistRta svatantra pustakeM haiM / anuvAdoM ke atirikta Adhunika yuga meM jina svatantra granthoM kI racanA huI, unameM tAtyA pAMgaLa kA bha. mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda kI pA~ca zatAbdiyoM kA itihAsa vAlA kundakundAcAryacaritra, jainadharma, rAvajI nemacanda zahA kA jainadharmAdarza, jainadharma viSayaka AkSepoM kA nirasana, tIrthaMkaroM kI prAcInatA, pUjA va sadya:sthiti, jagaduddhAraka jainadharma, jaina va hindU, paMDharapura kA viThobA, AcArya AnandaRSijI kI jainadharma kI vizeSatA, bAbagauMDA bhujagauMDA pATIla kA 'dakSiNabhArata va jainadharma' 'aitihAsika jainavIra' AppA : bhAU magadUma ke nemisAgaracarita, sapta samrATa, jainavIra striyA~, caudA ratne, vanarAja va vAsantI zahA kA pahilA samrATa ullekhanIya haiN| sabase mahattvapUrNa nAma hai dattatraya bhimAjI raNadive kA, jinhoMne prAcIna pAramparika jaina caritoM para kAvya va upanyAsa ke sAtha sAmAnya rUpa meM bhI 25 upanyAsa likhe haiM 120 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir sampUrNa marAThI jaina sAhitya kA mukhya pradeya yaha hai ki inhoMne ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya va aparigraha ko sarvocca jIvanamUlya mAnA hai / dayA, kSamA, zAnti, saMyama tyAga guNoM kI upAsanA kI hai| mAnava jIvana ko sukhI banAne ke lie udAtta jIvana mUlyoM kI pratiSThA kI hai| sAmAjika dRSTi se jaina samAja ke pRthak astitva banAye rakhane meM isa marAThI jaina sAhitya kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| jaina samAja ke lopa se jainadharma kA lopa svAbhAvika thA / ataH yaha dhArmika sAmAjika kArya inakA bahuta mahattvapUrNa pradeya hai / isI se sambaddha eka dUsarA pradeya yaha hai ki isameM tatkAlIna jaina samAja citrita huA hai| unake janmotsava, vivAha, bhoja, vizAlakAya mandira, pUjA-arcA, muni - jIvana vyApAra, vyApAra meM hAni-lAbha Adi ke citra haiM / mAMsAhAra atyanta nindya thA / chuAchUta thA / satpAtroM ko dAna tathA saMghapati banAkara tIrthayAtrA karAnA mukhya kArya thA / citrapothI, pustaka, suvarNazalAkA, vidyArthiyoM ko lekhana-sAmagrI va kSullikAoM ko sAr3I - dAna karane ke ullekha haiM / 836 :: jainadharma paricaya zramaNa sAhitya kI paramparA ko akhaNDita rakhanA tathA pUrvavartI sAhitya kA uttarAdhikAra marAThI bhASA taka pahu~cAnA eka zreSTha kArya hai / marAThI bhASA kI samRddhi meM jainoM ne mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA hai / va inhoMne marAThI . bhASA ko aneka naI kAvya-1 - vidhAe~, viSaya, zabdasampadA, chanda, lokoktiyA~ va muhAvare diye haiM / For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #846
sandarbha 1. neminAtha bhavAntara kA prAstAvika-marAThI bhASecyA garbhAvasthepAsUnaca jaina paMthAcA marAThI bhASezI AlelA disato...marAThIce bAlapaNa jainaparampareta jopAsale gele. 2. lIlAvaI-kahA, gAthA 41 tathA 1330 3. kuvalayamAlA, pR. 152-3 anu. 246 4. manhATe bolaNe (jasodhara rAsa 5/1160) mharASTi (harivaMza purANa 2166) manhASTa bhASA (pArzvanAtha bhavAntara 45) manhASTa kAmarAjakRta sudarzanacaritra 15/683 manhASTa (vIradAsakRta sudarzanacarita bhASA mAgadhI (jasodharapurANa guNanandI 1/14) / manhATI saMskRta ke lekhaka zaM. bA. jozI isa pradeza kA mUla nAtha marahaTTa mAnA hai-pR. 31) 5. dharmAmRta 1 va 2 padmapurANa 1/36-43 harivaMzapurANa 5/63-66 jasodharapurANa 1/17 AdipurANa (mahIcandra) 1/6 jasodharadAsa (meghA paNDita 1/68) sudarzanacaritra 25/31 jambUsvAmIpurANa (jinasena 1/24) / 6. zreNikacaritra hA anyAya kSamA kraavaa| pahilyA granthIM upmaa| kathilI nAhIM duHkha premaa| tI myA adyamAna vrnnilii| 38/199 hA aparAdha ghAlA pottiiN| puDhe kathevarI dyAvI dRSTi 138/199 yethe kAsiyA vistaar| aise na vadAveM zrote catura / navarasa kathecA prkaar| yAca caritrI aannilaa|| 39/195 7. jinaratnakoza, pR. 331 8. prAcIna marAThI jaina sAhitya DaoN. subhASacandra akkoLe pR. 237 9. rayaNaseharanivakahA, pR. 10 10. amitagatikRta dharmaparIkSA 1/10-12 na buddhigarveNa na pakSapAtato mayAnyazAstrArthavivecanaM kRtm|| vimucya mArga kugatipravartakaM zrayantu santaH sugtiprvrtkm| 11. jinasAgarakRta padmAvatI stotra-12 . 12. prAcIna marAThI jaina sAhitya, DaoN. subhASacandra akkoLe pR. 56 13. paramahaMsakathA jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA pR. 51 14. ajitakIrtikRta alaMkAracintAmaNiH tena saMvedyamAno yo mohniiysmudbhvH| rasAbhivyaMjakasthAyibhAva civRttiviparyayaH / / 15. ekalA AtmA karme veDhilA/taise lakSmaNa mleMche veddhilaa| padmapurANa 16/133 kI kalpavRkSa ___ sAMDonI vegA/bAbhaLIcyA bhakSI sheNgaa|| jasodhararAsa, 239 16. guNakIrtikRta padmapurANa 18/220 17. prAcIna marAThI jaina sAhitya, pR. 25 18. vahI, uddhRta, pR. 109 19. vahIM uddhRta cAraThANA vratakathA pR. 93 20. vartamAna kAlIna marAThI jaina sAhityakAra evaM unakI racanAe~ jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga-7 marAThI jaina sAhitya :: 837 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #847
hindI jaina sAhitya pro. (zrImatI) puSpalatA jaina hindI sAhitya kI eka lambI paramparA hai aura usa paramparA se jainAcArya AdikAla se hI jur3e rahe haiN| hindI kI lagabhaga sabhI pravRttiyoM ke ve janaka aura purodhA bhI haiN| hindI bhASA aura sAhitya ke vikAsa meM bhI unakA anUThA yogadAna avismaraNIya hai| unake sAhitya meM eka ora jahA~ AlaMkArikatA, sAhityikatA aura zAntarasa-pravaNatA mukharita hotI rahI hai, vahIM ve vizuddha puruSArthavAdI arthAt AtmavAdI, dhyAnavAdI, kriyAvAdI, karmavAdI aura nirvANavAdI bhI rahe haiN| unhoMne utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya rUpa tripadI kI pRSThabhUmi meM vastu kI yathArthavattA ko parakhA, ratnatraya kA AsvAda cakhA, Asava-bandha kI prakriyA samajhI aura saMvara-nirjarA ke mAdhyama se paramAtmapada prApti kI ora apane caraNa bddh'aaye| vaibhAvika pariNati se mukta hokara svAbhAvikatA, samarasatA, samatA aura sahajatA se bhare AcaraNa kI mahAvIthi para unhoMne pada-nyAsa kiyaa| jainAcAryoM kA samUcA hindI sAhitya ko'haM- se 'so'haM' kI yAtrA kI ora bar3hatA huA dikhAI detA hai| yahI unakA sAMskRtika vajUda hai aura yahI unakA yogadAna hai| prastuta Alekha meM hama hindI sAhitya paramparA ko jainAcAryoM kA yogadAna hindI ke AdikAla aura madhyakAla kI paridhi meM rahakara prastuta karane kA prayatna kreNge| AdikAlIna hindI jaina kAvya-pravRttiyA~ itihAsa kA madhyakAla saMskRta aura prAkRta kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| gupta sAmrAjya ke patana ke bAda bANa aura zrIharSa taka kAnyakubja saMskRta kA pradhAna kendra rhaa| isI taraha mAnyakheTa, mAhiSmatI, paTTaNa, dhArA, kAzI, lakSmaNavatI Adi nagara bhI isa dRSTi se ullekhanIya haiN| isa kAla meM saMskRta sAhitya pAMDitya-pradarzana tathA zAstrIya vAda-vivAda ke pacar3e meM par3a gyaa| vahA~ bhAvapakSa kI apekSA kalA pakSa para adhika jora diyA gyaa| ise hrAsonmukha kAla kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai| uttarakAla meM usakA koI vikAsa nahIM ho skaa| isa yuga meM jinabhadra, haribhadra, zIlAMka, abhayadeva, malayagiri, hemacandra Adi kA 838 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #848
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pUrNa sAhitya; amRtacandra, jayasena, malliSeNa, meghanandana, siddhasenasUri, mAghanandi, jayazekhara, AzAdhara, ratnamandiragaNI Adi kA siddhAnta sAhitya; haribhadra, akalaMka, vidyAnanda, mANikyanandi, prabhAcanda, hemacanda, malliSeNa, yazovijaya Adi kA nyAya-viSayaka sAhitya; amitagati, somadeva, mAghanandi, AzAdhara, vIranandi, somaprabhasUri, devendrasUri, rAjamalla Adi kA AcAra - zAstra sAhitya; akalaMka, vappibhaTTi, dhanaMjaya, vidyAnandi, vAdirAja, mAnatuMga, hemacanda, AzAdhara, padmanandi, divAkaramuni Adi kA bhakti - paraka sAhitya; raviSeNa, jinasena, guNabhadra, zrIcanda, dAmanandi, malliSeNa, devaprabhasUri, hemacanda, AzAdhara, jinaharSagaNi, merutuMgasUri, vinayacandasUri, guNavijayagaNi Adi kA paurANika aura aitihAsika kAvya - sAhitya; hariSeNa, prabhAcanda, siddharSi, ratnaprabhAcArya, jinaratnasUri, mANikyasUri Adi kA kathA-sAhitya saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha huA / isI taraha lalita, jyotiSa, koza, vyAkaraNa, Ayurveda, alaMkAra - zAstra Adi kSetroM meM jaina kaviyoM ne saMskRta bhASA ke sAhitya - bhaMDAra ko bharapUra samRddha kiyA / isI yuga meM prAkRta bhASA meM AgamoM para bhASya, cUrNi va TIkA - sAhitya likhA gayA / karma - sAhitya ke kSetra meM vIrasena, jayasena, nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI, vIrazekharavijaya, candarSi mahattara, gargarSi, jinaballabhagaNi, devendrasUri, harSakulagaNi Adi AcAryoM ne; siddhAnta ke kSetra meM haribhadrasUri, kumAra kArtikeya, zAntisUri, rAjazekharasUri, jayaballabha, guNaratnavijaya Adi AcAryoM ne; AcAra va bhakti ke kSetra meM haribhadrasUri, vIrabhadra, devendrasUri, vasunandi, jinaprabhasUri, dharmaghoSasUri Adi AcAryoM ne; paurANika aura kathA ke kSetra meM zIlAcArya, bhadrezvarasUri, somaprabhAcArya, zrIcandasUri, lakSmaNagaNi, saMghadAsagaNi, dharmadAsagaNi, jayasiMhasUri, devabhadrasUri, devendragaNi, ratnazekharasUri, udyotanasUri, guNapAlamuni, devendrasUri Adi AcAryoM ne prAkRta bhASA meM zatAdhika grantha likhe / lAkSaNika, gaNita, jyotiSa, zilpa Adi kSetroM meM bhI prAkRta bhASA ko apanAyA gayA, jisane hindI ke vikAsa meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA / apabhraMza kA hindI para prabhAva prAkRta ke hI uttaravartI vikasita rUpa apabhraMza ne to hindI sAhitya ko sarvAdhika prabhAvita kiyA hai| svayaMbhU (7-8vIM zatI) kA paumacariu aura riTThaNemicariu, dhavalA (10-11vIM zatI) aura yaza: kIrti ( 15vIM zatI) ke harivaMzapurANa, puSpadanta ( 10vIM zatI) ke tisaTThipurisaguNAlaMkAra ( mahApurANa), jasaharacariu aura NAyakumAracariu, dhanapAla dhakkar3a (10vIM zatI) kA bhavisayattakahA, kanakAmara ( 10vIM zatI) kA karakaMDa cariu, dhAhila (10vIM zatI) kA paumasiricariu, harideva kA mayaNaparAjaya, abdula rahamAna kA saMdesarAsaka, rAmasiMha kA pAhur3adohA, devasena kA sAvayadhammadohA Adi saikar3oM grantha apabhraMza meM likhe gaye haiM, jinhoMne hindI ke AdikAla aura madhyakAla hindI jaina sAhitya :: 839 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #849
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| unakI sahaja-sarala bhASA svAbhAvika varNana aura sAMskRtika dharAtala para vyAkhyAyita dArzanika siddhAntoM ne hindI jaina sAhitya kI samagra kRtiyoM para apanI amiTa chApa chor3I hai / bhASika parivartana bhI ina granthoM meM sahajatApUrvaka dekhA jA sakatA hai / hindI ke vikAsa kI yaha Adya kar3I hai / apabhraMza - sAhitya kA hindI - sAhitya para prabhAva apabhraMza bhASA kI taraha apabhraMza sAhitya ne bhI hindI, jaina va jainetara sAhitya ko kama prabhAvita nahIM kiyA hai, yaha sAhitya mukhyataH prabandhakAvya, khaMDakAvya aura muktakakAvya kI pravRttiyoM se jur3A huA hai / purANakAvya aura caritakAvya saMvetAtmaka haiN| yahA~ jaina mahApuruSoM ke carita kA AkhyAna karate hue AdhyAtmikatA aura kAvyatva kA samanvaya kiyA gayA hai| samUce jaina sAhitya meM ye donoM tattva ApAdamagna haiM / apabhraMza sAhitya kA prabhAva maru gurjara sAhitya para bhI par3A hai| apabhraMza kI citradarzana, svapnadarzana, zukahaMsa Adi ko dUta banAne kI pravRtti, samudra yAtrA meM tUphAna Adi kathAnaka rUr3hiyA~ apabhraMza se gurjara aura rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM pallavita huI haiN| apabhraMza ke dohA, caupAI, soraThA, kavitta, savaiyA, chappaya Adi mAtrika chandoM kA prayoga yahA~ bahuta huA hai / rAsa, phAgu, caupai, veli, carcarI, chappaya, bArahamAsA, lAvaNI, prahelikA, AkhyAna, carita, vAvanI, chattIsI, sattarI, cUnaDI Adi jaise vividha kAvyarUpa apabhraMza - sAhitya ke hI prabhAva meM panape haiN| jaina sAhitya kA aMgI - rasa zAntarasa bhakti aura nirveda kI goda meM palakara apabhraMza sAhitya ke dvAra se yahA~ aura bhI vikasita huA hai| rasarAja zAntarasa kA sthAyI bhAva vairAgya hai, jo jainadharma kI mUla AtmA hai / jaina sAhitya kA adhikAMza bhAga vairAgyaparaka hI hai| apabhraMza aura avahaTTa apabhraMza ne kAlAntara meM sAhityika rUpa le liyA aura bhASA ke vikAsa kI gati ke hisAba se vaha Age bar3hI, jisako avahaTTa kahA gyaa| isI ko hama purAnI hindI kahanA caaheNge| vidvAnoM ne isakI kAla sImA 11vIM zatI se 14vIM zatI taka rakhI hai| abdula rahamAna kA sandesarAsaka, zAlibhadra sUri kA bAhubalI rAsa, jinapadma sUri kA thUlabhadda phAgu Adi racanAe~ isI kAla meM AtI haiM / kAla-vibhAjana jaina sAhitya ko hama do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiM- pahalA apabhraMzabahula hindI - kAla aura dUsarA prArambhika hindI - kAla | svayaMbhU ne apabhraMza ko 'desI bhAsA' kI saMjJA dI hai| isase hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza aura dezI bhASA ke mahattva ko vizeSa rUpa se samajhA jA sakatA hai / uttarakAlIna kavi lakSmaNadeva ne NemiNAhacariu 840 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #850
meM 'Nau sakkaDa pAua desa bhAsA' kahakara isI svarUpa ko 'avahaTTa aura desila vaanA' kI saMjJA dI hai| rudraTa, rAjazekhara Adi kaviyoM ne bhI apabhraMza ko bhASA ke vibhedoM meM ginA hai| ataH isa kAla ko hindI kA AdikAla kahA jA sakatA hai| isake bAvajUda vyAvahArika dRSTi se AdikAla ko lagabhaga 11vIM zatI se 14vIM zatI taka mAnate haiM; 7vIM zatI se 10vIM zatI taka kA kAla usakI pRSThabhUmi ke rUpa meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| AdikAla kA apabhraMza-bahula prArambhika sAhitya __ prAkRta ke hI uttaravartI vikasita rUpa apabhraMza ne to hindI sAhitya ko sarvAdhika prabhAvita kiyA hai| svayaMbhU (7-8vIM zatI) kA paumacariu aura riTThaNemicariu, dhavala (10-11vIM zatI) aura yaza:kIrti ke harivaMzapurANa, puSpadanta (10vIM zatI) tisaTTipurisa guNAlaMkAru (mahApurANa), jasaharacariu, NAyakumAra cariu, dhanapAla dhakkaDa (10vIM zatI) kA bhavisayatta kahA, kanakAmara (10vIM zatI) kA karakaMDacariu, dhAhila (10vIM zatI) kA paumasiricari, harideva kA mayaNaparAjaya, abdula rahamAna kA sandesarAsaka, rAmasiMha kA pAhuDa dohA, devasena kA sAvayadhammadohA Adi saikar3oM grantha apabhraMza meM likhe gaye haiM, jinhoMne hindI ke AdikAla aura madhyakAla ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| unakI sahaja-sarala bhASA, svAbhAvika varNana aura sAMskRtika dharAtala para vyAkhyAyita dArzanika siddhAntoM ne hindI jaina sAhitya kI samagra kRtiyoM para apanI amiTa chApa chor3I hai| bhASika parivartana bhI ina granthoM meM sahajatApUrvaka dekhA jA sakatA hai| hindI ke vikAsa kI yaha Adya kar3I hai| apabhraMza kA kSetra bar3A vistRta hai| use hama pUrvI, pazcimI, uttarI aura dakSiNI apabhraMza meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiN| pUrvI apabhraMza se hI baMgalA, ur3iyA, bhojapurI, maithilI, avadhI, chattIsagar3hI, vaghelI Adi bhASAe~ nikalI haiM aura pazcimI apabhraMza se rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, bundelI Adi bhASAe~ udbhUta huI haiN| donoM ke mUla meM zaurasenI prAkRta rahI hai| zaurasenI prAkRta se zaurasenI apabhraMza aura isase eka ora hindI kI boliyA~ brajabhASA, khar3I bolI, bundelI tathA dUsarI ora usake eka prAdezika rUpa nAgara yA mahArASTrI apabhraMza se gujarAtI aura pazcimI rAjasthAnI kA vikAsa huA hai| __ apabhraMza kaviyoM kI bhASA hindI ke AdikAla kI ora jhukatI huI dikhAI detI hai| hemacandra taka Ate-Ate yaha pravRtti aura adhika parilakSita hone lagatI hai| udAharaNata: bhallA huA jo mAriA, bahiNi mhArA kNtu| lajjejjantu vayaMsiya hu, jai bhagga dharu eNtu|| hindI jaina sAhitya :: 841 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #851
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hindI ke AdikAla ko adhikAMza rUpa meM jaina kaviyoM ne samRddha kiyA hai| inameM gujarAtI aura rAjasthAnI kaviyoM kA vizeSa yogadAna rahA hai / yahA~ hama apabhraMza kaviyoM ko chor3akara gujarAtI aura rAjasthAnI hindI jaina sAhityakAroM kA vizeSa ullekha kara rahe haiN| unakA samaya sAdhAraNataH 13-14vIM zatI ke bIca hotA hai| isa yuga meM kAvya aura rAsA sAhitya hI adhika milatA hai / isalie yahA~ hama pravRtti-gata ullekha na kara AcArya-krama se usakA vivaraNa prastuta kara rahe haiN| 11-12vIM zatI kA sAhitya apabhraMza- mUlaka hai| isalie use yahA~ vistArabhaya se chor3A jA rahA hai| 13vIM zatI ke hindI jaina kavi abhayadeva sUri-navAMgI vRttikAra abhayadeva (saM. 1139) kA 'jayati - humaNastotra' tathA dvitIya abhayadeva kA 'jayantavijaya kAvya' (saM. 1285) prasiddha hai / Asiga (saM. 1257 ) - ApakI tIna racanAe~ milatI haiM- jIvadayArAsa, (53 gA.) candanavAlA rAsa (35 padya) aura zAntinAtha raas| inakI bhASA kA udAharaNa hai- "kedhira sAli dAli bhujaMtA, dhima dhalahalu majjhe vilahaMtA" / zrAvaka jagaDU (13-14vIM zatI) - kharataragacchIya AcArya jinezvara sUri ke ziSya the| ApakI racanA 'samyaktva mAi caupai (64 padya), upalabdha hai| isakI bhASA kA udAharaNa dekheM - " samakita viNu jo kriyA karei, tAlailohi nIru ghAlei " / jinezvara sUri (saM. 1207 ) - Apa jinapati ke paTTadhara the| ApakI cAra racanAe~ upalabdha haiM- 1. mahAvIra janmAbhiSeka (14 padya), 2. zrIvAsupUjya bolikA, 3. carcarI, aura 4. zAntinAtha bolI / anya pramukha AdikAlIna hindI jaina kavi isa prakAra haiM- jayamaMgalasUri (13vIM zatI) - mahAvIra janmAbhiSeka | jayadevagaNa ( 13vIM zatI) - ' bhAvanA sandhi' kAvya / delahaNa - gayasukumAlarAsa (34 padya) - saM. 1300 / dharmasUri-jambUsvAmIcarita (41 padya) - saM. 1266, sthUlabhadrarAsa (47 padya) / subhadrAsatI catuSpadikAra (42 padya), mayaNarehArAsa (36 padya) / nemicandra bhaMDArI - SaSTizataka ( 160 gAthA, prAkRta) guruguNavarNana (35 padya) / pRthvIcandra - mAtRkA prathamAkSara dohA (58 dohe) (saM. 1265), ( rasavilAsa ) / pAlhaNa - AbUrAsa (neminAtha rAso) - ) - 50 padya (saM. 1289 ) / puNyasAgara - zrI jinacandrasUri aSTakam (saM. 1205), bhattau - - zrImajjinapatisUrINAM gItam (20 dvipadikAe~) - 13vIM zatI / yaza: kIrti ( prathama ) - jagatsundarI prayogamAlA - (13vIM zatI) / ratnaprabha sUri'antaraMga sandhi' kAvya (saM. 1227) - 37 kulaka / zAharayaNa - jinapati sUri dhavalagIta (saM. 1277 ) / zrAvaka lakhaNa - jinacandrasUri kAvyASTakam (13vIM zatI) / paMDita lAkhUjiNadattacariu (saM. 1275 ) / zrAvakalakhamasI - jinacandrasUri varNanArAsa (saM. 1371) / 842 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #852
lakkhaNa-aNuvayarayaNa paIu (saM. 1313) / lAkhabhadeva-NemiNAhacariu (saM. 1510) / varadatta-vaira saamicritr| vajrasena sUri-bharatezvara bAhubalI ghora (45 padya)-saM. 1235 / vAdidevasUrari-municandra guru stuti (25 padya) (saM. 1200) / pramANanaya tattva lokaalNkaar| vijayasena sUri-revaMtagiri rAsa (saM. 1287)-(72 padya) (khNddkaavy)| udayaprabhasUrisaMghapaticarita, dhrmaabhyudy| viirprbh-cndrprbhklsh| zAlibhadra-bharatezvara bAhubalirAsa (saM. 1241)-203 padya, buddhirAsa, hitshikssaaprbuddhraas| sirimA mahattarA-jinapati sUri badhAmaNA gIta (saM. 1233) 20 gaathaa| sumatigaNi-nemirAsa-57 padya (saM. 1267), gaNadhara saardhshtkvRhd-vRtti| suprabhAcArya-vairAgyasAra (77 padya) (13vIM shtii)| somaprabhakumArapAlapratibodha (saM. 1251) / sUktimuktAvalI (sindUra prakaraNa) / sumatinAtha critr| ___ zatArtha kAvya-haribhadrasUri-NeminAhacariu (saM. 1216) / harideva-mayaNaparAjaya cariu (13vIM shtii)| ajJAtakavi-kartRka racanAe~-gurugaNa SaTpaTa (saM. 1278) / jiNadattasUristuti (saM. 1211) / 14vIM zatI ke hindI jaina kavi abhayatilaka gaNi-mahAvIra rAsa (saM. 1307) 21 pdy| amara prabhasUri-tIrthamAlastavana (saM 1323)-36 pdy| Anandatilaka-ANaMdA (14vIM shtii)| ambadevasUri-samarAdAsa (saM 1371) / udayakaraNa-kayalavADa pArzvastotra (14vIM shtii)| jIrAvalA pArzvanAtha stotra / phalabarddhi pArzvanAtha stotra / udayadharma-uvaesa mAla kahANaya chappaya (81 chappayachanda) (14vIM shtii)| guNAkarasUri-zrAvaka vidhi rAsa (saM. 1371) / ghelha-cauvIsa gIta (saM. 1371) / cAritragaNi-jinacandra sUri reluA (9gA) (14vIM shtii)| chalhu-kSetrapAla dvipadikA (saM. 1425)-(8 gaa.)| pahADiyA rAga, prabhAtika naamaavli| ___ jayadeva muni-bhAvanA sandhi prakaraNa (14vIM zatI)-6 kddvk| jayadharma-jinakusala sUri reluA (10 gaa.)| dharmacarcarI, sAlibhadraseluA, thuulibhdrvrnnnaabolii| jinakuzalasUricaityavandanA kulakavRtti (14vIM shtii)| jinacandrasUri catuHsaptatikA, phalaudhI pArzvastotra, siddhakSetra Adi jina stavana aura bhI aneka stotr| jinapadmasUri-thUlibhaddaphAgu (27 padya)-14vIM shtii| zrI zatrujaya caturviMzati stvn| jinaprabhasUri-padmAvatI caupAI (37 padya) lagabhaga 700 saMskRta stavana vividhatIrtha klpprdiip| devacandrasUri-rAvaNa pArzvanAtha vinatI (9gA.) (14vIM shtii)| dharmakalaza-jinakuzala sUripaTTAbhiSekarAsa (saM. 1377) / dharmasUri-samedazikharatIrtha namaskAra (14vIM shtii)| dhArisiMha-zrIneminAtha dhula (71 chnd)| padma-neminAtha phAgu (saM. 1370) sAlIbhadrakakka, duuhaamaatRkaa| padramatnajinaprabodha sUrivarNana (10 gaa.)| prajJAtilaka-kacchulIrAsa (saM. 1363) / pheru (Thakkura)zrI yugapradhAna catuSpadikA (28 gaa.)| mahezvarasUri-saMyamamaMjarI (35 dohe) (saM. 1365) / hindI jaina sAhitya :: 843 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #853
merutuMga-prabandha cintAmaNi (saM. 1361) / modamadira-caturviMzati jinacatuSpadikA (27 chnd)| maMDalika-pethar3a rAsa (65 padya) (saM. 1360) / ralha-jiNadattacaritra (saM. 1354) / munirAjatilaka-zAlibhadrarAsa (35 padya)- saM. 1332 / rAjakIrti-cauvIsa jina stavana (25 gaa.)| rAjaballabha-thUlibhaddaphAga (saM. 1340) / rAmabhadra-zAntinAthakalaza (10 gaa.)| zrAvaka lakhamasI-jinacandrasUrivarNanArAsa (saM. 1341) / lAkhama (lakSmaNadeva)NemiNAhacariu (saM. 1510) / lakSmItilaka upAdhyAya-pratyeka buddhacaritra (10130 padya)saM. 1311 / zrAvaka dharmaprakaraNa bRhadvRtti (15131 padya) (saM. 1317) / zAntidevarAsa (saM. 1313) / vastiga-vIsa viharamAnarAsa (saM. 1462) cihuMgati cupii| vinayacandrasUrineminAthacatuSpAdikA (40 pdy)| bAravratarAsa (41 padya), Ananda prathamopAsaka sndhi| vIraprabha-zrI candraprabha kalaza (16 gaathaa)| zrIdhara-bhaviSyadattakathA, candraprabhacarita, vaDDhamANacariu, shaantijincrit| zAntibhadra-caturviMzatinamaskAra (14vIM shtii)| zAntisUri-sImandhara stavana (8 gA.) / sahaja jJAna-zrI jinacandrasUri vivaahlu| sAramUrtijinapadmasUri paTTAbhiSeka (saM. 1390) / somamUrti-zrIjinezvara sUri saMyama zrI vivAha varNanArAsa (33 padya) / jinaprabodha sUri carcarI (16 gaa.)| jinaprabodhasUri bolikA (12 gaa.)| solaNu-carcarikA (38 pdy)| hemabhUSaNagaNi-yugapradhAna zrI jinacandrasUri carcarI (saM. 1341) (25 pdy)| ajJAtakartRka racanAe~-jinacandrasUri phAgU (saM. 1341), zrI jiNacanda sUri catuSpadI (10 gA.), saptakSatrI rAsa (saM. 1327) 119 padya, bArahavrata caupAI, stambhatIrtha ajita stavana (25 gA.), anAthI kulaka (36 kddii)| dhanA sandhi (61 gAthA), kesI goyama sandhi, anAthI muni caupAI (63 gaa.)| Ananda sandhi, hematilakasUri sandhi, yugavara guru stuti (gA. 6) / antaraMgarAsa (67 kaDI), karmagati caupaaii| ratnazekhararAsa (268 padya), mAtRkA caupai (64 chnd)| AdikAlIna kaviyoM ke isa saMkSipta vivaraNa ko dekhane para hamArA dhyAna isa kAla kI vividha vidhAoM kI ora khiMca jAtA hai, jinakA prayoga ina kaviyoM ne kiyA hai| ina kAvya-rUpa vidhAoM meM rAsA, caupai, carcarI, phAgu, rUpaka, vivAhalau, reluA Adi vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| kAvya-rUpa apabhraMza kI kAvya-vidyA AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM aneka rUpoM meM pravAhita huI hai| carita, AkhyAna, sandhi, lAvaNI Adi sabhI-kucha isI ke aMga haiN| prabandha kAvyoM ko chanda, prabandha, rAsa-rAso, cariu Adi kahA gayA hai| samarArAsa, pethar3arAsa, vastupAla-tejapAla rAsa vastutaH prabandha-kAvya haiN| gaNapatikRta mAdhavAnala, jayazekharasUrikRta tribhuvanadIpaka, prabandha lAkha kA jiNadattacariu, varadatta kA vairasAmicaritra, 844 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #854
haribhadrasUri kA neminAhacariu, harideva kA mayaNaparAjayacariu aisI hI AdikAlIna racanAe~ haiN| sandhi bhI AkAra-prakAra meM prabandhakAvya meM laghu rUpa hI haiN| ratnaprabhakRta antaraMgarAsa (saM. 1237), jinaprabhasUrikRta mayaNarehA-sandhi, anAthI sandhi, jIvAnuzAsti sandhi, jayadeva gaNi kI bhAvanA-sandhi isa vidhA kI ullekhanIya racanAe~ haiN| isI taraha mAtRkA bhI eka prakAra kA kAvya-rUpa hai, jo bAraha khar3I para AdhArita hai| chadma kI dUhAmAtRkA aisI hI racanA hai| unhIM kI eka-aura racanA hai, jo sAlIbhadrakakka ke nAma se vizruta hai| yaha kakka zailI mAtRkA-jaisI hI hai| isameM bhI 'a' se calakara 'kSa' para racanA samApta hotI hai| reluA nAma kI racanAe~ bhI aisI hI haiN| cAritragaNi kI jinacandrasUri reluA, jayadharma kI jinakuzalasUri reluA isa sandarbha meM ullekhanIya haiN| 14vIM zatI kI reluA saMjJaka kucha anya racanAe~ bhI haiM-jinakuzala sUri reluA, sAlibhadra reluA, gurAvalI reluA aadi| stavana, prakaraNa, gIta, stotra, chappaya Adi kAvya vidhAe~ bhI yahA~ dRSTavya haiN| ___ adhyAtmavAdI kaviyoM meM dasavIM zatAbdI ke devasena aura joindu tathA rAmasiMha ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| devasena kA sAvaya-dhamma-dohA zrAvakoM ke lie nItiparaka upadeza prastuta karatA hai| joindu ke paramAtmaprakAza aura yogasAra meM sarala bhASA meM saMsArI AtmA ko paramAtmapada prApti kA mArga batAyA gayA hai| rAmasiMha ne pAhur3a dohA meM samyagdarzana-jJAna-caritra ke vyAvahArika svarUpa ko pratipAdita kiyA hai| ina tInoM AcAryoM ke granthoM kI bhASA hindI ke AdikAla kI ora jhukatI huI dikhAyI detI hai| hemacandra (1088-1172 I.) taka Ate-Ate yaha pravRtti aura-adhika parilakSita hone lagatI hai bhallA huA jo mAriA, bahiNi mhArA kNtu| . lajjejjantu vayaMsiyahu, jai bhagga dharu eNtu|| hindI ke AdikAla ko adhikAMza rUpa meM jaina-kaviyoM ne samRddha kiyA hai| inameM gajarAtI aura rAjasthAnI kaviyoM kA vizeSa yogadAna rahA hai| AdikAla ke prathama hindI kavi ke rUpa meM bharatezvara bAhubalI ke racayitA (saM 1241) zAlibhadra sUri ko svIkAra kiyA jAne lagA hai| yaha racanA pazcimI rAjasthAnI kI hai| jisameM prAcIna hindI kA rUpa udghATita huA hai| isameM 203 chanda haiN| kathA kA vibhAjana vasatu, ThavaNi, dhaula, troTaka meM kiyA gayA hai| nATakIya saMvAda sarasa, sarala aura prabhAvaka hai| bhASA kI saralatA udAharaNIya hai candra-cUDa vijjAhara rAu, tiNi vAtaI mani vihIya visaau| hA kula maNDaNa hA kulavIra, hA samaraMgaNi sAhasa dhIra / tthvnni13|| hindI jaina sAhitya :: 845 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #855
jinadatta sUri ke carcarI upadeza, rasAvanarAsa aura kAla svarUpa kulakama apabhraMza kI dRSTi se ullekhanIya haiN| kavi Asiga kA jIvadayA-rAsa (vi. saM. 1257, san 1200) yadyapi AkAra meM choTA hai, para prakAra kI dRSTi se upekSaNIya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| isameM saMsAra kA sundara citraNa huA hai| inhIM kavi kA candanavAlA rAsa hai, jisameM usane nArI kI saMvadenA ko bar3e hI sarasa DhaMga se ukerA hai, abhivyakta kiyA hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se dekhie bhuMbhara bholI tA sukumAlA nAu dInhu tasu caMdaNa baalaa||21|| Adho khaMDA tapa kiA, kiva Abhai bahu sukkha nihaannu| 26 / / vijayasena sUri kA revaMtagiri rAsa (vi. saM. 1287 san 1230) aitihAsika rAsa hai, jisameM revaMtagiri jaina tIrtha yAtrA kA varNana hai| yaha cAra kaDavoM meM vibhakta hai| isameM vastupAla, tejapAla ke saMgha dvArA tIrthaMkara neminAtha kI mUrti-pratiSThA kA gItiparaka varNana hai| bhASA prAMjala aura zailI AkarSaka hai| isI taraha sumatigaNi kA neminAtha rAsa (saM. 1295), devendra sUri kA gayasukumAla rAsa (saM. 1300), palhaNa kA AbUrAsa (13vIMzatI), prajJAtilaka kA kachUlI rAsa (saM. 1363), ambadeva kA samarA rAsu (saM. 1371), zAlibhadra sUri kA paMcapAMDava carita rAsa (saM. 1410), vinayaprabha kA gautama svAmI rAsa (saM. 1412), devaprabha kA kumArapAla rAsa (saM. 1450) Adi kRtiyA~ vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| isa kAla kI kucha phAgu kRtiyA~ bhI isameM sammilita kI jA sakatI haiN| ina phAgu kRtiyoM meM jinapadma kI siri thUlibhadda phAgu (saM. 1390), rAjazekhara sUri kA neminAtha phAgu (saM. 1405), katipaya ajJAta kaviyoM kI jina candra sUri phAgu (saM. 1341), vasanta vilAsa phAgu (saM. 1400) kA bhI ullekha karanA Avazyaka hai| AdikAla kI isa bhASika aura sAhityika pravRtti ne madhyakAlIna kaviyoM ko behada prabhAvita kiyaa| viSaya, bhASA zailI aura paramparA kA anusaraNa kara unhoMne AdhyAtmika aura bhakti-mUlaka racanAe~ likhiiN| ina racanAoM meM unhoMne AdikAlIna kAvya zailiyoM aura kAvya rUr3hiyoM kA bhI bharasaka upayoga kiyaa| hindI ke AkhyAnaka kAvya apabhraMza sAhitya meM grathita loka-kathAoM para khar3e hue haiN| devasena, joindu aura rAmasiMha-jaise rahasyavAdI jaina kaviyoM ke prabhAva ko hindI santa-sAhitya para AsAnI se dekhA jA sakatA hai| bhASA, chanda, vidhAna aura kAvya rUpoM kI dRSTi se bhI apabhraMza kAvyagata vasantu-Rtu-varNana aura prakRti-citraNa uttarakAlIna hindI kaviyoM ke lie upajIvaka siddha hue haiN| jAyasI aura tulasI para unakA amiTa prabhAva dRSTavya hai| chanda-vidhAna, kAvya aura kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM ke kSetra meM yaha prabhAva adhika dekhA jAtA hai| prabhAva hI kyA prAyaH samUcA hindI-jaina-sAhitya apabhraMza-sAhitya kI rUr3hiyoM para likhA gayA hai| 846 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #856
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hindI gIti - kAvya gAthAsattasaI kA prabhAva saMskRta ke AcArya govardhana aura amaruka para dikhAI detA hai, to hindI ke kavi vihArI kI vihArI satasaI, dayArAma kI dayArAma satasaI jaise kAvyoM meM bhI usakI paramparA samAhita hai / isI taraha vajjAlaggaM ne bhAmaha, bhartRhari, paMDitarAja jagannAtha Adi saMskRta kaviyoM ko aura tulasIdAsa, rahIma Adi hindI kaviyoM ko prabhAvita kiyA hai / isa kAvya meM muni jayavallabha ne lokajIvana kA bar3A mArmika citraNa prastuta kiyA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM nimna gAthA dekhie, jisameM laukI ke phUla kA kitanA sundara citraNa huA hai mA iMdiMdira tuMgasu paMkayadalaNilaya mAlaIvirahe / tuMkiNikusumAi~ na saMpaDaMti divve parAhutte / / - bhramaravajjAH gAthA saM. 245 isI sandarbha meM prAkRta ke uvasaggahara stotra, ajiyasaMtithuya Adi stotra - kAvya aura vairAgyazataka, vairAgya- rasAyana - prakaraNa Adi nIti- paraka gIti-kAvyoM ko bhI ullikhita kiyA jA sakatA hai / prAkRta- gIti-kAvya yA muktaka kAvya kI pRSThabhUmi meM pAralaukikatA aura mukti - prApti kA dRSTikoNa mukhya rahA hai / isa dRSTi se sUtrakRtAMga aura uttarAdhyayana kA vizeSa sthAna hai| muktaka kAvya ke racanAkAroM meM AcArya kundakunda, svAmI kArtikeya, zivArya, nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI, yogIndu, hemacandra, muni rAmasiMha, devasena Adi santoM ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| gAthAsaptazatI, setubandha, karpUramaMjarI, vajjAlaggaM Adi grantha bhI muktaka kAvya kI paramparA meM Ate haiN| isI paramparA se paramAtmaprakAza, pAhuDa-dohA, sAvaya- dhamma- dohA jaise muktaka - kAvya bhI sambaddha haiN| isa paramparA ne rIti- yugIna hindI - muktaka - kAvya-paramparA para bhI vizada prabhAva DAlA hai| isa yuga meM zrRMgAra aura prakRti ko kAvya kA mukhya viSaya banAyA gyaa| vizeSatA yaha rahI ki rItikAlIna kaviyoM ne nAyikAoM ke zRMgAra aura prasAdhana meM jo atizayokti - pUrNa vyaMjanA kA pradarzana kiyA, vaha prAkRta kAvya meM nahIM dikhtaa| prAkRta muktaka kAvya meM nAyikAe~ nAgarika evaM grAmya ina donoM kSetroM se AtI thiiN| inake prema-prasaMgoM meM tatkAlIna rIti-nIti, AcAra-vicAra evaM yuga- sandarbhoM kA pratiphalana hotA thA / yahA~ mAtra zabdADambara aura alaMkAra-priyatA hI nahIM thI, balki tAralya aura ukti - vaicitrya bhI dikhAI detA thA / yaha saba rItikAlIna - hindI - muktakakAvya meM nahIM milatA / satasaI ke vyaMjanA- garbhita-kAvya - jaisA koI bhI rItikAlIna hindI kAvya dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki prAkRta kAvyoM ko alaMkAra hindI jaina sAhitya :: 847 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #857
zAstriyoM ne kAphI uddhRta kiyA hai| pAli meM koI uddharaNa unheM isIlie nahIM mila pAyA kyoMki prAkRta jaisA vaividhya vahA~ nahIM thaa| isI taraha ke anya prAkRta kAvyoM meM vilhaNa kRta caura paMcAsikAya, govardhana kRta AryA saptasatI, kSemendra kRta ghaTakarpUra tathA nemidUtam aura rahamANa kRta sandesarAsaka vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| anya zrRMgAra paraka racanAoM meM jayavallabha kRta vajjAlaggaM pramukha hai| isa kAla kI kavayitriyoM meM vijayA karanATI, zIla bhaTTikA aura mArUlA motikA ke nAma bhI chandala granthoM meM ullikhita hue haiN| jayadeva aura vidyApati bhI prAkRta aura apabhraMza muktaka paramparA ke RNI haiN| prAkRta gItikAvya ke sAtha usake pramukha chanda gAhA kI bAta kie binA muktaka kAvya paramparA kI bAta adhUrI raha jaaegii| gAthA vastutaH gIti hai jisakA sambandha mantragAna aura lokagIta se rahA hai| isa prakAra apabhraMza aura avahaTTa se saMkramita hokara AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya prAcIna dAya ke sAtha satata bar3hatA rahA aura madhyakAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya ko vaha paramparA sauMpa dii| madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kaviyoM ne apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya kI lagabhaga sabhI vizeSatAoM kA Acamana kiyA aura unheM suniyojita DhaMga se sa~vArA, bar3hAyA aura samRddha kiyaa| isa pravRtti meM jaina kaviyoM ne AdAna-pradAna karate huekatipaya naye mAnoM ko bhI prastuta kiyA hai jo kAlAntara meM vidhA ke rUpa meM svIkRta hue haiN| yahI unakA yogadAna hai| prAcIna hindI bhASA kA bhASA-vaijJAnika adhyayana karane se yaha tathya bhI pracchanna nahIM rahatA ki zaurasenI prAkRta ke AdhAra para Adhunika pazcimI aura madhyadezIya hindI bhASAoM kA vikAsa huaa| pazcimI hindI meM gujarAtI aura rAjasthAnI tathA madhyadezIya hindI meM pazcimI hindI sammilita hai| yaha pazcimI hindI uttarapradeza ke sampUrNa pazcimI kSetra aura hariyANA meM bolI jAtI hai| brajabhASA, bundelI aura kannaujI bhI isI meM garbhita hai| pUrvI hindI se yaha pRthak hai| pUrvI hindI kA vikAsa ardhamAgadhI kI apabhraMza se huA hai isake antargata tIna boliyA~ AtI haiM-avadhI, vaghelI aura chttiisgddh'ii| ina pUrvI aura pazcimI hindI ke rUpoM meM vaise hI AdAna-pradAna huA hai jaise zaurasenI aura ardhamAgadhI meN| zaurasenI hI apabhraMza, avahaTTa aura tamila, kannaDa aura Adhunika Arya bhASAoM ko bhI prabhAvita karatI hai| isI taraha mahArASTrI prAkRta kA bhI acchA prabhAva jainetara sAhitya para dikhAI detA hai| prAcIna kAla meM jaina saMskRti samagra vRhattara bhArata meM phailI huI thii| jaina sAdhaka padavihArI hone ke kAraNa loka saMskRti aura bhASA ke AvAhaka rahe haiN| prAyaH sabhI prAcya bhAratIya bhASAoM kA sAhitya jainAcAyoM kI lekhanI se prabhUta saMvardhita huA hai| tamila bhASA ke prAcIna pA~ca mahAkAvyoM meM zilappadikArama, valayApani aura jIvaka 848 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #858
cintAmaNi jaina kAvya haiN| usake pA~ca laghukAvya bhI jaina kAvya haiM-nIlakezi, cUDAmaNi, yazodhara kAviyama, nAga kumAra kAviyama tathA udayapAna kthai| isI taraha vyAkaraNa, chanda zAstra, koza Adi kSetroM meM bhI jaina kaviyoM ne mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA hai| ___ karnATaka pradeza to jainadharma kA gaDha rahA hai| AcArya kundakunda, umAsvAmI, samantabhadra, akalaMka, somadeva Adi zatAdhika AcArya yahIM hue haiN| kannaDa jaina kaviyoM meM pampa, ponna, ranna, jinasena, cAmuMDarAya, zrIdhara, zAntinAtha, nAgacandra, nemicandra, voppaNa, AcaNNa, mahabala Adi vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM jinhoMne kannaDa sAhitya kI sabhI vidhAoM ko AdikAla se hI samRddha kiyA hai| isI taraha marAThI sAhitya ke prAcIna jaina kaviyoM meM jinadAsa, guNadAsa, megharAja, kAmarAja, guNanandi, jinasena Adi ke nAma avismaraNIya haiN| gujarAtI kA bhI vikAsa apabhraMza se huA hai| 12vIM zatI se apabhraMza aura gujarAtI meM pArthakya dikhAI dene lagatA hai| gujarAta prArambha se hI jaina saMskRti kA kendra rahA hai| jaina kaviyoM ne rAso, phAgu, bArahamAsA, kakko, vivAhalu, caccarI, AkhyAna Adi vidhAoM ko samRddha karanA prArambha kiyaa| hindI sAhitya kI dRSTi se zAlibhadrasUri (1185 I.) kA bharatezvara bAhubalirAsa prathama prApya gujarAtI kRti hai| usake bAda dhammu kA jamburAsa, vinayaprabha kA gautamarAsa, rAjazekhara kA neminAtha phAgu Adi prAcIna gujarAtI sAhitya kI zreSTha kRtiyA~ haiM jinheM hindI jaina sAhitya se jor3A jAtA hai| madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kAvya pravRttiyA~ jaina kaviyoM aura AcAryoM ne madhyakAla kI sAMskRtika pRSThabhUmi meM paiThakara aneka sAhityika vidhAoM ko prasphuTita kiyA hai| unakI isa abhivyakti ko hama nimnAMkita kAvya rUpoM meM vargIkRta kara sakate haiM 1. prabandha-kAvya-mahAkAvya, khaMDakAvya, purANa, kathA-carita, rAsA, sandhi aadi| 2. rUpaka-kAvya-holI, vivAhalo, cetanakarmacarita aadi| 3. adhyAtma aura bhaktimUlaka-kAvya-stavana, pUjA, caupaI, jayamAla, cAMcara, phAgu, cUnar3I, velI, saMkhyAtmaka, baarhmaasaa| aadi| 4. gItikAvya, aura 5. prakIrNaka kAvya-rItikAvya, koza, Atmacarita, gurvAvalI aadi| madhyakAlIna jaina kAvya kI ina pravRttiyoM ko samIkSAtmaka dRSTikoNa se dekhane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki sabhI pravRttiyA~ mUlata: AdhyAtmika uddezya ko lekara prastuta huI haiM, jahA~ AdhyAtmika-uddezya pradhAna ho jAtA hai, vahA~ svabhAvataH kavi kI lekhanI AlaMkArika na hokara svAbhAvika aura sAttvika ho jAtI hai| usakA mUla utsa rahasyAtmaka anubhava aura bhakti rahA hai| hindI jaina sAhitya :: 849 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #859
1. prabandha-kAvya prabandha-kAvya ke antargata mahAkAvya aura khaMDakAvya donoM Ate haiN| jahA~ taka rAsokAvya paramparA kA sambandha hai, usake mUla pravartaka jaina AcArya hI rahe haiN| jaina rAso kAvya gIta-nRtya-paraka adhika dikhAI dete haiN| inheM hama khaMDakAvya ke antargata le sakate haiN| kaviyoM ne inameM tIrthaMkaroM, cakravartiyoM aura AcAryoM ke carita kA saMkSipta-citraNa prastuta kiyA hai| kahIM-kahIM ye rAso upadeza-paraka bhI hue haiN| inameM sAdhAraNataH paurANikatA kA aMza adhika hai, kAvya kA kama / saMyoga-viyoga kA citraNa bhI kiyA gayA hai, para vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha vairAgyamUlaka aura zAntarasa se ApUrita hai| AdhyAtmikatA kI anubhUti vahA~ TapakatI huI dikhAI detI hai| rAjula aura neminAtha kA sandarbha jaina kaviyoM ke lie adhika anukUla-sA dikhAI diyA hai| jaina prabandha kAvyoM ko hama samAsata: isa prakAra Alekhita kara sakate haiM-1. purANa kAvya (mahAkAvya aura khaMDa kAvya), 2. carita kAvya, 3. kathA kAvya aura 4. rAso kaavy| 2. paurANika-kAvya ____ paurANika kAvya meM mahAkAvya aura khaMDa kAvya sammilita hote haiN| aise hI kucha mahAkAvyoM aura khaMDakAvyoM kA yahA~ hama ullekha kara rahe haiN| udAharaNArtha-brahmajinadAsa ke AdipurANa aura harivaMzapurANa (vi. saM. 1520), vAdicandra kA pAMDavapurANa (vi. saM. 1654), zAlivAhana kA harivaMzapurANa (vi. saM. 1695) bulAkIdAsa kA pAMDavapurANa (vi. saM. 1754, padya 5500), khuzAlacandrakAlA ke harivaMzapurANa, uttarapurANa aura padmapurANa (saM. 1783), bhUdharadAsa kA pArzvapurANa (saM. 1789), navalarAma kA vartamAna purANa (saM. 1825), dhanasAgara kA pArzvanAthapurANa (saM. 1621), brahmajita kA munisuvratanAthapurANa (saM. 1645), vaijanAtha mAthura kA vardhamAnapurANa (saM. 1900), sevArAma kA zAntinAtha purANa (saM. 1824) jinendrabhUSaNa kA nemipuraann| ye purANa bhAva aura bhASA kI dRSTi se uttama haiN| jinheM Aja khaMDakAvya kahA jAtA hai, unheM madhyakAla meM 'sandhi' kAvya kI saMjJA dI gyii| sandhi vastutaH sarga ke artha meM prayukta hotA thA, para uttarakAla meM eka sarga vAle khaMDa kAvyoM ke lie isa zabda kA prayoga hone lgaa| pramukha jaina sandhi-kAvyoM meM ullekhanIya kAvya hai-jinaprabhasUri kA anatthi sandhi (saM. 1297) aura mayaNarehA sandhi, jayadeva kA bhAvanA-sandhi, vinayacanda kA Anandasandhi (14vIM zatI), kalyANatilaka kA mRgAputra-sandhi (saM. 1550), cArucandra kA nandana maNihAra-sandhi, (saM. 1587), saMyamamUrti kA udAhara rAjarSi sandhi (saM. 1590), dharmameru kA sukhadukha: vipAka sandhi (saM. 1604), guNaprabhasUri kA citra-sambhUti-sandhi (saM. 1608), 850 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #860
kuzala lAbha kA jinarakSita-sandhi (saM. 1621), kanakasoma kA harikezI-sandhi (saM. 1640), guNarAja kA sammati-sandhi (saM. 1630), cAritra siMha kA prakIrNaka-sandhi (saM. 1631), vimala vinaya kA anAthI-sandhi (saM. 1647), vinaya samudra kA namisandhi (saM. 17vIM zatI), guNaprabha sUri kA citra-sambhUti-sandhi (saM. 1759) aadi| aise pacAsoM sandhi-kAvya bhaMDAroM meM bikhare par3e hue haiN| 3. carita-kAvya carita granthoM meM kaviyoM ne mAnava kI sahaja prakRti aura rAgAdi vikAroM kA sundara varNana kiyA hai| madhyakAlIna katipaya carita-kAvya isa prakAra haiM-saghAru kA pradyumnacarita (saM. 1411), IzvarasUri kA lalitAMga carita (saM. 1561), ThakurasI kA kRSNa carita (saM. 1580), jayakIrti kA bhavadevacarita (saM. 1661), gauravadAsa kA yazodhara carita (saM. 1581), mAladeva kA bhojaprabandha (saM. 1612, padya 2000), pAMDe jinadAsa kA jambUsvAmI carita (saM. 1642), narendrakIrti kA sagara prabandha (saM. 1646), vAdicandra kA zrIpAla AkhyAna (saM. 1651), parimalla kA zrIpAla caritra (saM. 1651), pAme kA bharatabhujabali caritra (saM. 1616), jJAnakIrti kA yazodhara caritra (saM. 1658), pArzvacandra sUri kA rAjacandra pravahaNa (saM. 1661), kumudacandra kA bharata bAhubalI chanda (saM. 1670), nandalAla kA sudarzana carita (saM. 1663), banavArI lAla kA bhaviSyadatta caritra (saM. 1666), bhagavatI dAsa kA laghusItA satu (saM. 1684), kalyANa kIrtimuni kA cArudatta prabandha (saM. 1612), lAlacandra kA padminI caritra (saM. 1707), rAmacandra kA sItA caritra (saM. 1713), jodharAja godIkA kA prItaMkara caritra (saM. 1721), jinaharSa kA zreNika caritra (saM. 1724), vizvabhUSaNa kA pArzvanAtha caritra (saM. 1738), kizanasiMha ke bhadrabAhu caritra (saM. 1783) aura yazodhara carita (saM. 1781), lohaTa kA yazodhara caritra (saM. 1721), ajayarAja kA yazodhara caritra (saM. 1721), ajayarAja pATaNI kA neminAtha caritra (saM. 1793), daulata rAma kAsalIvAla kA jIvandhara caritra (saM. 1805), bhAramala kA cArudatta caritra (saM. 1813), zubhacandradeva kA zreNika caritra (saM. 1824), nAthamala millAkA nAgakumAra caritra (saM. 1810), cetana vijaya kA sItA caritra aura jambUcaritra (saM. 1853), pAMDe lAlacanda kA varAMgacaritra (saM. 1827), hIrAlAla kA candraprabha caritra, Tekacanda kA zreNika caritra (saM. 1883), aura brahma jayasAgara kA sItAharaNa (saM. 1835) / ina carita kAvyoM meM tIrthaMkaroM yuvA-mahApuruSoM ke carita kA citraNa kara mAnavIya bhAvanAoM kA bar3I sugamatA pUrvaka citraNa kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi yahA~ kAvya kI apekSA caritrAMkana adhika huA hai, parantu caritra prastuta karane kA DhaMga aura usakA pravAha prabhAvaka hai| Ananda aura viSAda, rAga aura dveSa tathA dharma hindI jaina sAhitya :: 851 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #861
aura adharma Adi bhAvoM kI abhivyakti bar3I sarasa huI hai| ___ isa prakAra madhyakAlIna hindI jaina carita kAvya bhAva, bhASA aura abhivyakti kI dRSTi se ucca koTi ke haiN| vastu aura uddezya bar3I sUkSmatA se samAhita hai| pAtroM ke vyaktitva ko ubhArane meM jaina siddhAntoM kA avalambana jisa DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai, vaha prazaMsanIya hai| sAMsArika viSamatAoM kA spaSTIkaraNa aura lokaraMjanakArI tattvoM kI abhivyaMjanA jaina sAdhaka kaviyoM kI lekhanI kI vizeSatA hai| prAcIna kAvyoM meM caritArthaka pavIDo kAvya bhI upalabdha hote haiN| isI sandarbha meM bhagavatIdAsa ke vRhad sItA satu aura laghu sItA satu-jaise sat-saMjJaka kAvya bhI ullekhanIya haiN| 4. kathA-kAvya madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kathA-kAvya vizeSa rUpa se vrata, bhakti aura stavana ke mahattva kI abhivyakti ke rUpa meM prastuta kie gaye haiN| vahA~ ina kathAoM ke mAdhyama se viSayakaSAyoM kI nivRtti, bhautika sukhoM kI apekSA zAzvata sukha kI prApti kA mArga darzAyA gayA hai| unameM citrita pAtroM ke bhAva caritra, prakRti aura vRtti ko spaSTa karane meM ye kathA- kAvya adhika sakSama dikhAI dete haiN| aise hI kathA-kAvyoM meM brahmajinadAsa (vi. saM. 1520) kI ravivrata-kathA, vidyAdhara-kathA, samyaktva kathA Adi, vinayacandra kI nirjarapaMcamI-kathA (saM. 1576), ThakurasI kI meghamAlAvrata-kathA (saM. 1580), devakalaza kI RSidattA (saM. 1569), rAyamalla kI bhaviSyadattakathA (saM. 1633), vAdicandra kI ambikA-kathA (saM. 1651), chItara TholiyA kI holikA kathA (saM. 1660), brahmagulAla kI kRpaNa jagAvanadvAra kathA (saM. 1671), bhagavatIdAsa kI sugandhadasamI kathA, pAMDe hemarAja kI rohaNIvrata kathA, mahIcanda kI Adityavrata kathA, TIkama kI candrahaMsa kathA (saM. 1708), jodharAja godIkA kA kathAkoza (saM. 1722), vinodIlAla kI bhaktAmarastotra kathA (saM. 1747), kizanasiMha kI rAtribhojana kathA (saM. 1773), Tekacandra kA puNyAsravakathAkoza (saM. 1822), jagatarAya kI samyaktva kaumudI (saM. 1721) ullekhanIya hai| ye kathA-kAvya kaviyoM kI racanA-kauzalya ke udAharaNa kahe jA sakate haiN| 5. rAsA-sAhitya hindI jaina kaviyoM ne rAsA-sAhitya ke kSetra meM apanA amUlya yogadAna diyA hai| sarvekSaNa karane se spaSTa hai ki rAsA-sAhitya ko janma denevAle jaina kavi hI the| janma se lekara vikAsa taka jainAcAryoM ne rAsA-sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA hai| rAsA kA sambandha rAsa, rAsA, rAsu, rAsau Adi zabdoM se rahA hai, jo 'rAsaka' zabda ke hI parivartita aura vikasita rUpa haiN| 'rAsaka' kA sambandha nRtya, chanda athavA kAvya 852 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #862
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vizeSa se hai / yaha sAhitya gIta - nRtyaparaka aura chanda - vaividhya-paraka milatA hai| jaina kaviyoM ne gIta-nRtyaparaka - paramparA ko adhika apanAyA hai| inameM kaviyoM ne dharmapracAra ko vizeSa mahattva diyA hai| isa sandarbha meM zAlibhadra sUri kA pA~ca pANDava rAsa (saM. 1410), vinayaprabha upAdhyAya kA gautamarAsa (saM. 1412), somasundara sUri kA ArAdhanArAsa (saM. 1450), jayasAgara ke vayarasvAmI gururAsa aura gautamarAsa, hIrAnandasUri ke vastupAla tejapAla rAsAdi (saM. 1486), sakalakIrti (saM. 1443), ke solahakAraNa Adi ullekhanIya haiN| brahmajinadAsa (saM. 1445 - 1525) kA rAsA - sAhitya kadAcit sarvAdhika hai| unameM rAmasItArAsa, yazodhararAsa, hanumatarAsa (725 padya), nAgakumArarAsa, paramahaMsarAsa (1900 padya), ajitanAtha rAsa, holIrAsa ( 148 padya), dharmaparIkSArAsa, jyeSTha jinavara rAsa (120 padya), zreNikarAsa, samakitamithyAtvarAsa (70 padya), sudarzanarA (saM. 337 padya), ambikA rAsa (158 padya), nAga zrIrAsa (253 padya), jambUsvAmI rAsa (10005 padya), bhadrabAhurAsa, karmavipAka rAsa, sukauzala svAmI rAsa, rohiNIrAsa, solahakAraNarAsa, dazalakSaNarAsa, anantavratarAsa, baMkacUla rAsa, dhanyakumArarAsa, cArudatta - prabandha-rAsa, puSpAMjali-rAsa, dhanapAlarAsa (dAnakathA rAsa), bhaviSyadatta jIvandhararAsa, nemIzvararAsa, karakaMDurAsa, subhaumacakravartIrAsa aura aTThamUlaguNa rAsa pramukha haiM / inakI bhASA gujarAtI - mizrita hai| ina granthoM kI pratiyA~ jayapura, udayapura, dillI Adi ke jaina - zAstra - bhaMDAroM meM upalabdha haiM I inake atirikta munisundarasUri kA sudarzana zreSThirAsa (saM. 1501), muni pratApacanda kA svapnAvalIrAsa (saM. 1500), somakIrti kA yazodhararAsa (saM. 1526), saMvega sundara upAdhyAya kA sArasikhAmanarAsa (saM. 1548), jJAnabhUSaNa kA posaharAsa (saM. 1558), yaza: kIrti kA neminAtharAsa (saM. 1558), brahmajJAnasAgara kA hanumantarAsa (saM. 1630), matizekhara kA dhannArAsa (saM. 1514), vidyAbhUSaNa kA bhaviSyadattarAsa (saM. 1600), udayasena kA jIvandhararAsa (saM. 1606), vinayasamudra kA citrasena padmAvatIrAsa (saM. 1605), rAyamalla kA pradyumnarAsa (saM. 1668 ), pAMDe jinadAsa kA yogIrAsA (saM. 1660), hIrakalaza kA samyaktva kaumudIrAsa (saM. 1626), bhagavatIdAsa (saM. 1662) ke jogIrAsA Adi, sahajakIrti ke zIlarAsAdi (saM. 1686 ), bhAU kA neminAtha rAsa (saM. 1759), cetanavijaya kA pAlarAsa jaina rAsA - granthoM meM ullekhanIya haiN| - ina rAsA granthoM meM zRMgAra, vIra, zAnta aura bhakti rasa kA pravAha dikhAI detA hai / prAyaH sabhI rAsoM kA anta zAntarasa se raMjita hai, phira bhI prema aura viraha ke citroM kI kamI nahIM hai / isa sandarbha meM 'aMjanA - sundarI rAsa' ullekhya hai, jisameM aMjanA ke viraha kA sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only hindI jaina sAhitya :: 853

Page #863
isa prakAra jaina rAsA sAhitya eka ora jahA~ aitihAsika athavA paurANika mahApuruSoM ke caritra kA citraNa karatA hai, vahIM sAtha hI AdhyAtmika athavA dhArmika AdarzoM ko bhI prastuta karatA hai| jainoM kI dhArmika rAsa paramparA hindI ke AdikAla se hI pravAhita hotI rahI hai| madhyayugIna rAsA sAhitya meM AdikAla rAsA sAhitya kI apekSA bhAva aura bhASA kA adhika sauSThava dikhAI detA hai| AdhyAtmika rasAnubhUti kI dRSTi se yaha rAsA sAhitya adhika vivecanIya hai| 6. rUpaka-kAvya ____ AdhyAtmika rahasya ko abhivyakta karane kA sarvottama sAdhana pratIka aura rUpaka hote haiN| jaina kaviyoM ne sAMsArika citraNa, AtmA kI zuddhAzuddha-avasthA, sukha:dukha kI avasthAe~, rAgAtmaka vikAra aura kSaNabhaMguratA ke dRzya jisa sUkSmAnvekSaNa aura gahanaanubhUti ke sAtha prastuta kiye haiM, vaha abhinandanIya hai| rUpaka kAvyoM kA uddezya vItarAgatA kI sahaja pravRtti kA loka-mAMgalika citraNa karanA rahA hai| AtmA kI svAbhAvika kSamatA mithyAtva Adi ke bandhana se kisa prakAra grasita hokara bhavasAgara meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai aura kisa prakAra usase mukta hotA hai, isa pravRtti aura nivRtti mArga ko vizleSita kara jaina kaviyoM ne AtmA kI atula zakti ko rUpakoM ke mAdhyama se udghATita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| isa vidhi se jaina tattvoM ke nirUpaNa meM nIrasatA nahIM A pAyI, balki bhAva-vyaMjanA kahIM adhika gaharAI se ubhara sakI hai| isa dRSTi se tribhuvanadIpaka prabandha, vidyAvilAsa pavAr3A, nATaka samayasAra, cetanakarmacarita, madhu binduka caupaI, upazama paccIsikA, paramahaMsa caupaI, muktiramaNI cUnar3I, cetana pudgala dhamAla, mohaviveka yuddha Adi racanAe~ mahattvapUrNa haiN| rUpakoM ke mAdhyama se vivAhalau bhI bar3e sarasa race gaye haiN| ina rUpaka kAvyoM meM dArzanika, AdhyAtmika tathA sUkSma bhAvanAoM kA sundara vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| nATaka samayasAra isa dASTi se vizeSa ullekhanIya hai| kavi banArasIdAsa ne rUpaka ke mAdhyama se mithyAdRSTi jIva kI sthiti kA kitanA sundara citraNa kiyA hai,- yaha dekhate hI banatA hai-kAyA citrasArI maiM karama parajaMka maarii| isa prakAra rUpaka kAvya AdhyAtmika cintana ko eka naI dizA pradAna karate haiN| sAdhakoM ne AdhyAtmika sAdhanoM meM prayukta vividha tattvoM ko bhinna-bhinna rUpakoM meM khojA hai aura unake mAdhyama se cintana kI gaharAI meM pahuMce haiN| isase sAdhanA meM nikhAra A gayA hai| rUpakoM ke prayoga ke kAraNa bhASA meM sarasatA aura AlaMkArikatA svabhAvata: abhivyaMjita huI hai| 7. adhyAtma aura bhakti-mUlaka kAvya hindI jaina sAhitya mUlataH adhyAtma aura bhakti-paraka hai| usameM zraddhA, jJAna aura 854 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #864
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 2. AcAra, tInoM kA samanvaya hai / arhanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ina paMcaparameSThiyoM kI bhakti meM sAdhaka kavi samyak sAdhanA patha para calatA hai aura sAdhya kI prApti kara letA hai| isa samyak sAdhana aura sAdhya kI anubhUti kaviyoM ke nimnAMkita sAhitya meM vividha prakAra se huI hai I 1. jaina kaviyoM ne jaina - siddhAntoM kA vivecana kahIM-kahIM gadya meM na kara padya meM kiyA hai / vahA~ prAyaH kAvya gauNa ho gayA hai aura tattva - vivecana mukhya / udAharaNataH bha. ratnakIrti ke ziSya sakalakIrti kA ArAdhanA pratibodhasAra, yazodhara kA tattvasAradUhA, vIracanda kI sambodhasattANu bhAvanA Adi ko hama AdhyAtmika kAvya kaha sakate haiN| stavana jaina kaviyoM kA priya viSaya rahA hai| bhakti ke kSetra meM ve kisI se kama nahIM rhe| ina kaviyoM aura sAdhakoM kI ArAdhya ke prati vyakta niSkAma bhakti hai| unhoMne paMcaparameSThiyoM kI bhakti meM stotra, stuti, vinatI, dhUla Adi aneka prakAra kI racanAe~ likhI haiN| paMcakalyANaka stotra, paMcastotra Adi racanAe~ vizeSa prasiddha haiM / ina racanAoM meM mAtra stuti hI nahIM, pratyuta vahA~ jaina siddhAntoM kA mArmika vivecana bhI nibaddha hai| 3. caupAI, jayamAla, pUjA Adi jaisI racanAoM meM bhI bhakti ke tattva nihita haiM / dohA aura caupAI apabhraMza sAhitya kI dena hai| jJAnapaMcamI caupAI, siddhAnta caupAI, DholA mAru caupAI, kumati vidhvaMsa caupAI jaisI - caupAIyA~ jaina sAhitya meM prasiddha haiN| eka ora jahA~ siddhAnta kI prastuti hotI hai, dUsarI ora aitihAsika tathyoM kA udghATana bhI / mUladeva caupAI isakA udAharaNa hai| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 4. pUjA sAhitya jaina kaviyoM kA adhika hai| paMcaparameSThiyoM kI pUjA, paMcama dazalakSaNa, solahakAraNa, nirdoSasaptamIvrata Adi vrata-sambandhI - pUjA, devaguruzAstrapUjA, jayamAla Adi aneka prakAra kI bhaktiparaka racanAe~ milatI haiN| dyAnatarAya kA pUjA - sAhitya vizeSa lokapriya huA hai / 5. cAMcara, holI, phAgu, yadyapi lokotsavaparaka kAvya rUpa hai, para usameM jaina kaviyoM ne bar3e hI sarasa DhaMga se AdhyAtmika vivecana kiyA hai| cAMcara yA carcarI meM strI-puruSa hAthoM meM choTe-choTe DaMDe lekara TolI - nRtya karate haiM / rAsa meM bhI lagabhaga yahI hotA hai| hiMDolanA holI aura phAgu meM to kaviyoM ne AdhyAtmikatA kA sundara puTa diyA hai| kahIM-kahIM sundara rUpaka tattva bhI milatA hai| 6. velikAvya rAjasthAna kI paramparA se gu~thA huA hai / vahA~ cAraNa kaviyoM ne isakA upayoga kiyA hai / bAda meM veli - kAvya kA sambandha bhakti kAvya hindI jaina sAhitya :: 855 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #865
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir se ho gyaa| jaina kaviyoM ne ina veli-kAvyoM meM bhakti tattva vivecana aura itihAsa prastuta kiyA hai / 7. saMkhyAtmaka aura varNanAtmaka sAhitya kA bhI sRjana huA hai / chanda saMkhyA ke AdhAra para kAvya kA nAmakaraNa kara diyA jAnA usa samaya eka sarvasAdhAraNa prathA thI, jaise- madanazataka, nAmavAvanI, samakita battIsI, Adi / 8. bArahamAsA yadyapi Rtu-paraka gIta hai, para jaina kaviyoM ne ise AdhyAtmikasA banA liyA hai| neminAtha ke viyoga meM rAjula ke bArahamAsa kaise vyatIta hote, isakA kalpanAjanya citraNa bArahamAsoM kA mukhya viSaya rahA hai, para sAtha hI adhyAtma bArahamAsA, sumati - kumati bArahamAsA Adi jaisI racanAe~ bhI upalabdha hotI haiN| 8. AdhyAtmika kAvya katipaya AdhyAtmika kAvya yahA~ ullekhanIya haiM - ratnakIrti kA ArAdhanA prAtibodhasAra (saM. 1450), mahanandi kA pAhur3a dohA (saM. 1600), brahmagulAla kI trepanakriyA (saM. 1665), banArasIdAsa kA nATaka samayasAra (saM. 1630) aura banArasIvilAsa manoharadAsa kI dharma - parIkSA (saM. 1705), bhagavatIdAsa kA brahma - vilAsa (saM. 1755 ), vinayavijaya kA vinayavilAsa (saM. 1739), dyAnatarAya kI sambodhapaMcAsikA tathA dharmavilAsa (saM. 1780), bhUdharadAsa kA bhUdhara - vilAsa, dIpacanda zAha ke anubhava prakAza Adi (saM. 1781 ), devIdAsa kA paramAnanda - vilAsa aura pada - paMkata (saM. 1812), ToDaramala kI rahasyapUrNa ciTThI (saM. 1811), budhajana kA budhajana - vilAsa, paM. bhAgacanda kI upadezasiddhAnta-mAlA (saM. 1905), chatrapata kA manamohana paMcazatI (saM. 1905) Adi / jayasAgara (saM. 1580 - 1655) kA cunaDI - gIta eka rUpaka kAvya hai, jisameM neminAtha ke vana cale jAne para rAjula ne cAritrarUpI cUnar3I ko jisa prakAra dhAraNa kiyA, usakA varNana hai / vaha cUnar3I navaraMgI thii| guNoM kA raMga, jinavANI kA rasa, tapa kA teja milAkara vaha cUnar3I raMgI gyii| isI cUnar3I ko or3hakara vaha svarga gayI / saMvAda bhI eka prAcIna vidhA rahI hai, jisameM praznottara ke mAdhyama se AdhyAtmika jijJAsA kA samAdhAna kiyA jAtA thA / narapati (16vIM zatI) kA dantajivhA saMvAda, sahaja sundara (saM. 1572) kA A~kha - va - kAna saMvAda, yauvana-jarA-saMvAda-jaisI AkarSaka aisI sarasa racanAe~ haiM, jinameM do indriyoM meM saMvAda hotA hai, jinakI pariNati adhyAtma meM hotI hai / anya racanAoM meM rAvaNa - mandodarI - saMvAda (saM. 1562), motI kampAsiyA saMvAda, udyama karma saMvAda, samakitazIla saMvAda, kesigotama saMvAda, manajJAna saMgrAma, sumati - kumati kA jhagar3A, aMjanA sundarI saMvAda, udyama karma saMvAda, kapaNanArI saMvAda, paMcendriya saMvAda, jJAna-darzana- cAritra saMvAda, jasavaMtasUri kA locana - kAjala - saMvAda (17vIM 856 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #866
zatI) Adi bIsoM racanAe~ haiM, jinameM rahasyAtmakatA ke tattva itane-adhika mukharita hue haiM ki saMvAda gauNa ho gaye haiN| 9. stavana-pUjA aura jayamAla-sAhitya __ AdhyAtmika stavana-pUjA aura jayamAla kA apanA mahattva hai| sAdhaka rahasya kI prApti ke lie iSTadeva kI stuti aura pUjA karatA hai| bhakti ke sarasa pravAha meM usake rAgAdika- vikAra prazAnta hone lagate haiM aura sAdhaka zubhopayoga se zuddhopayoga kI ora bar3hane lagatA hai| paMcaparameSThiyoM kA stavana, tIrthakaroM kI pUjA aura unakI jayamAlA tathA AratI Adi sAdhanA kA patha nirmANa karate haiN| isa sAhitya vidhA kI sImandhara svAmI stavana, mithyA dukkaNa vinatI, garbhavicAra stotra, gajAnanda paMcAsikA, paMca stotra, sammedazikhara stavana, jaina caubIsI, vinatI saMgraha, nayanikSepa stavana Adi zatAdhika racanAe~ haiM, jo rahasya bhAvanA kI abhivyakti meM anyatama sAdhana kahI jA sakatI haiN| bhaktibhAva se otaprota honA inakI svAbhAvikatA hai| __ pUjA aura jayamAlA sAhitya meM bhI katipaya udAharaNa dRSTavya haiM, jo rahasyAtmaka tattva kI gahanatA ko samajhane meM sahAyaka banate haiN| arjunadAsa, ajayarAja pATanI, dyAnatarAya, vizvabhUSaNa, pAMDe jinadAsa Adi aneka kavi hue haiM, jinhoMne saMgIta sAhitya likhA hai| dekhie, kavivara dyAnatarAya kI solahakAraNa pUjA meM kitanI bhAva vibhoratA hai-kaMcana jhArI nirmala nIra, pUjoM jinavara gun-gmbhiir|| caupaI kAvyoM meM jJAnapaMcamI, balibhadra, DholA-mAru, kumatividhvaMsa, viveka, malasundarI Adi racanAe~ ullekhanIya haiM, jo bhASA aura viSaya kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| inake atirikta mAladeva kI purandara cau., surasundarI cau., vIrAMgada cau., devadatta cau. Adi, rAyamala kI candragupta cau., sAdhukIrti kI namirAja cau., sahajakIrti kI harizcandra cau., nAhara jaTamala kI premavilAsa cau., TIkama kI caturdaza cau., jinaharSa kI RSidattA cau., yati rAmacandra kI mUladeva cau., lakSmI ballabha kI ratnahAsa caupaI bhI sarasatA kI dRSTi se udAharaNIya haiN| 10. cUnar3I-kAvya ___cUnar3I-kAvya meM rUpaka-kAvya-tattva adhika garbhita rahatA hai| isI ke mAdhyama se jainadharma ke pramukha tattvoM ko prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| vinayacanda kI cUnar3I (saM.1576), sAdhukIrti kI cUnar3I (saM. 1648), bhagavatIdAsa kI mukati-ramaNI-cUnar3I (saM. 1680), candrakIrti kI cAritra cUnar3I (saM.1655) Adi kAvya isa sandarbha meM ullekhanIya haiN| vinayacandra kI cUnar3I meM patnI pati se aisI cUnar3I cAhatI hai, jo use bhava-samudra se pAra karA ske| hindI jaina sAhitya :: 857 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #867
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org 11. phAgu, beli, bArahamAso aura vivAhalo sAhitya phAgu meM bhI kavi atyanta bhaktavibhora aura AdhyAtmika santa-sA dikhAI detA hai| isameM kavi tIrthaMkara yA AcArya ke prati samarpita hokara bhakti rasa ko ur3elatA hai| maladhArI rAjazekhara sUri kI nemicanda phAgu (saM. 1405), halarAja kI sthUlabhadra phAgu (saM. 1409), sakalakIrti kI zAntinAtha phAgu (saM. 1480), somasundara sUri kI neminAtha varasa phAgu (saM. 1450), jJAnabhUSaNa kI AdIzvara phAgu (saM. 1560), mAladeva kI sthUlabhadra phAgu (saM. 1612), vAcaka kanaka soma kI maMgala kalaza phAgu (saM. 1649), ratnakIrti, dhanadevagaNa, samaMdhara, ratnamaMDala, rAyamala, aMcalakIrti, vidyAbhUSaNa Adi kaviyoM kI neminAtha tIrthaMkara para AdhArita phAgu racanAe~ kAvya kI naI vidhA ko prastuta karatI hai, jinameM sarasatA, sahajatA aura samarasatA kA darzana hotA hai / neminAtha aura rAjula ke vivAha kA varNana karate samaya kavi atyanta bhaktavibhora aura AdhyAtmika saMta-sA dikhAI detA hai| isI taraha hemavimala sUri phAgu (saM. 1554), pArzvanAtha phAgu (saM. 1558), vasanta phAgu, suraMgAnidha nemi phAgu, adhyAtma phAgu Adi zatAdhika phAgu racanAe~ AdhyAtmikatA se jur3I huI haiM / inake atirikta phAgulamAsa varNana siddhivilAsa (saM. 1763), adhyAtma phAgu, lakSmIballabha phAgu racanAoM ke sAtha hI dhamAla - saMjJaka racanAe~ bhI jaina kaviyoM kI milatI haiM, jinheM hindI meM dhamAra kahA jAtA hai / aSTachApa ke kavi nandadAsa aura govindadAsa Adi ne vasanta aura TolI padoM kI racanA dhamAra nAma se hI kI hai| lagabhaga 15-20 aisI hI dhamAra racanAe~ milatI haiM, jinameM jina samudrasUri kI nemi - horI racanA vizeSa ullekhanIya hai / 858 :: jainadharma paricaya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir beli sAhitya meM vAchA kI cahu~gati veli (saM. 1520 I.), sakalakIrti ( 16vIM zatAbdI) kI karpUrakatha beli, mahAraka vIracanda kI jambUsvAmI beli (saM. 1690), ThakurasI kI paMcendriya beli (saM. 1578), malladAsa kI krodhabeli (saM. 1588), harSakIrti kI paMcagati beli (saM. 1683 ), brahma jIvandhara kI guNaNA beli (16vIM zatAbdI), abhayanaMdi kI hariyAla beli (saM. 1630), kalyANakIrti kI laghu- bAhubalI beli (saM.1692), lAkhAcaraNa kI kRSNarukmaNi beli TabbATIkA (saM. 1638), tathA 6vIM zatI ke vIracandra, devAnaMdi, zAMtidAsa, dharmadAsa kI kramazaH sudarzana bali, jambUsvAminI beli, bAhubalinI beli, bharata beli, laghubAhubali beli, gurubeli aura 17vIM zatI ke brahmajayasAgara kI mallidAsinI beli va sAha lohaThakI SaDlezyAbeli kA vizeSa ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai, jisameM bhakta kaviyoM ne apane sarasa bhAvoM ko gunagunAtI bhASA meM utArane kA saphala prayatna kiyA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #868
bArahamAsA bhI madhyakAla kI eka vidhA rahI hai, jisameM kavi apane zraddhAspada deva yA AcArya ke bArahamAsoM kI dinacaryA kA vidhivat AkhyAna karatA hai| aisI racanAoM meM hIrAnanda sUri kA sthUlibhadra bArahamAsA aura neminAtha bArahamAsA (saM.15vIM zatI), DUMgara kA neminAtha phAga ke nAma se bArahamAsA (saM. 1535), brahmabUcarAja kA nemIzvara bArahamAsA (saM. 1581), ratnakIrti kA nemi bArahamAsA (saM. 1614), jinaharSa kA nemirAjamati bArahamAsA (saM. 1713), ballabha kA nemirAjula bArahamAsA (saM. 1727), vinodIlAla agravAla kA nemirAjula bArahamAsA (saM. 1749), siddhivilAsa kA phAguNamAsa varNana (saM. 1763), bhavAnIdAsa ke adhyAtma bArahamAsa (saM. 1781), sumati-kumati bArahamAsa, vinayacandra kA neminAtha bArahamAsa (18vIM zatI) Adi racanAe~ vizeSa prasiddha haiN| ye racanAe~ adhyAtma aura bhaktiparaka haiN| isI taraha kI aura-bhI zatAdhika racanAe~ hai, jo rahasya-sAdhanA kI pAvana saritA ko pravAhita kara rahI haiN| svatantra rUpa se bArahamAsA 16vIM zatI ke uttarArdha se adhika milate haiN| vivAhalo bhI eka vidhA rahI hai, jisameM sAdhaka kavi ne apane bhaktibhAva ko piroyA hai| isa sandarbha meM jinaprabhasUri (14vIM zatI) kA antaraMga vivAha, hIrAnaMdasUri (15vIM zatI) ke aThArahanAtA vivAhalo aura jambUsvAmI vivAhalo, brahmavinayadeva sUri (saM. 1615) kA neminAtha vivAhalo, mahimasundara (saM. 1665) kA neminAtha vivAhalo, sahajakIrti kA zAntinAtha vivAhalau (saM. 1678), vijaya ratnasUri kA pArzvanAtha vivAhalo (saM. 8vIM zatI) jaisI racanAe~ vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| ina kAvyoM meM carita nAyakoM ke vivAha prasaMgoM kA varNana to hai hii| para kucha kaviyoM ne vratoM ke grahaNa ko nArI kA rUpaka dekara usakA vivAha kisI saMyamI vyakti se racAyA hai| isa taraha dravya aura bhAva donoM vivAha ke rUpa yahA~ milate haiN| aise kAvyoM meM udayanaMdi sUri vivAhalA, kIrtiratna sUri, guNaratna sUri, sumatisAdhu sUri aura hema vimala sUri vivAhale haiN| brahma jinadAsa (15vIM zatI) ne apane rUpaka kAvya 'paramahaMsa rAsa' meM zuddha svabhAvI AtmA kA citraNa kiyA hai| yaha paramahaMsa AtmA mAyA-rUpa-ramaNI ke AkarSaNa se moha grasita ho jAtA hai| cetanA-mahiSI ke dvArA samajhAye jAne para bhI vaha mAyAjAla se bAhara nahIM nikala paataa| usakA mAtra bahirAtmA-jIva kAyA-nagarI meM baca rahatA hai| mAyA se mana-putra paidA hotA hai| mana kI nivRtti va pravRtti rUpa do patniyoM se kramaza: viveka aura moha nAmaka putroM kI utpatti hotI hai| ye sabhI paramahaMsa (bahirAtmA) ko kArAgAra meM banda kara dete haiM aura nivRtti tathA viveka ko ghara se bAhara kara dete haiN| idhara moha ke zAsanakAla meM pApa-vAsanAoM kA vyApAra prArambha ho jAtA hai| moha kI dAsI durgati se kAma, rAga, aura dveSa ye tIna putra tathA hiMsA, ghRNA aura nidrA ye tIna putriyA~ hotI haiN| viveka sanmati se vivAha karatA hai, samyaktva ke khaDga se mithyAtva hindI jaina sAhitya :: 859 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #869
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org ko samApta karatA hai| paramahaMsa Atmazakti ko jAgrata kara svAtmopalabdhi ko prApta karatA hai / isI taraha brahmavRcarAja, banArasIdAsa Adi ke kAvya bhI isI prakAra bhAvAbhivyakti se otaprota haiN| phAgu sAhitya meM neminAtha phAgu (bhaTTAraka ratnakIrti) yahA~ ullekhanIya hai / kavi ne rAjula kI sundaratA kA varNana kiyA hai Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir candravadanI mRgalocanI, mocanI khaMjana miin| vAsaga nItpo veNii, meNiNa madhukara dIna / / yugala gala dAye zazi, upamA nAsA kITa / adhara vidruma sama upamA, daMta nU nirmala nIra || ciduka kamala para SaTpada, Ananda karai sudhApAna / grIvA sundara somIta kamba kapolane bAna / / kucha phAguoM meM adhyAtma kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / isa dRSTi se banArasIdAsa kA adhyAtma phAga ullekhanIya hai jisameM kavi ne phAga ke sabhI aMga pratyaMgoM kA sambandha adhyAtma se jor3a diyA hai - bhavaparaNati cAcarita bhaI ho, aSTakarma bana jAla / aitihAsika kAvya ke sAtha hI AdhyAtmika veliyA~ bhI milatI haiN| ina AdhyAtmika veliyoM meM 'paMcendriya veli' vizeSa ullekhanIya hai, jisameM kavi ThAkurasI ne paMcendriyaviSaya vAsanA ke phala ko spaSTa kiyA hai| sparzendriya meM Asakti kA pariNAma hai ki hAthI lauha zrRMkhalAoM se ba~dha jAtA hai aura kIcaka, rAvaNa Adi dAruNa duHkha pAte haiM / vana taruvara phala sau~ phiri, paya pIvata hu svaccaMda | parasaNa indrI preriyo, bahu dukha sahai gayanda / / bAdhyo pAga saMkula ghAle, so kiyo masakai cAle / parasaNa prarehaM dukha pAyo, tini aMkuza dhAvA dhAyo / / parasaNa rasa kIcaka pUrayau, sahi bhIma zilAtala cUryo / parasaNa rasa rAvaNa nAmai, vAracau laMkesura rAmai / / parasaNa rasa zaMkara rAcyau tiya Age naTa jyau nAcyo / / madhyakAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM 'bArahamAsA' bahuta likhe gaye haiM / unameM se kucha to nizcita hI uccakoTi ke haiM / kavi vinodIlAla kA nemi - rAjula bArahamAsA yahA~ ullekhanIya hai, jisameM bhAva aura bhASA kA sundara samanvaya dikhAI detA hai / yahA~ rAjula ne apane priya nemi ko prApya pauSa mAha kI vividha kaThinAiyoM kA smaraNa dilAyA hai 860 :: jainadharma paricaya piya pauSa meM jAr3au dhano, bina sauMr3ha ke zIta kaise bhara ho / kahA oDhege zIta lage jaba hI, kidhI pAtana kI dhuvanIdhara ho || For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #870
tumharo prabhu jI tana komala hai, kaise kAma kI phaujana sauM lara hau| jaba AvegI zIta taraMga sabai, taba dekhata hI tinako Dara ho|| 12. saMkhyAtmaka-kAvya madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kaviyoM ne saMkhyAtmaka sAhitya kA vipula parimANa meM sRjana kiyA hai| kahIM yaha sAhitya stutiparaka hai, to kahIM upadeza-paraka, kahIM adhyAtmaparaka hai, to kahIM rhsy-bhaavnaa-prk| isa vidhA meM samAsa-zailI kA upayoga dRSTavya hai| lAvaNyasamaya kA sthUlabhadra ekavIso (saM. 1553), hIrakalaza siMhAsanavatIsI (saM.1631), samayasundara kA dasazIla tapabhAvanA saMvAdazataka (saM. 1662), dAso kA madanazataka (saM. 1645), udayarAja kI guNavAvanI (saM. 1676), banArasIdAsa kI samakitavattIsI (saM. 1681), pAMDe rUpacanda kA paramArtha dohAzataka, Anandaghana kA Anandaghana bahattarI (saM. 1705), pAMDe helarAja kA sitapaTa caurAsI bola (saM. 1709), jinaraMga sUri kI prabodhavAvanI (saM. 1731), rAyamalla kI adhyAtmavattIsI (17vIM zatI), vihArIdAsa kI sambodhapaMcAsikA (saM. 1758), bhUdharadAsa kA jainazataka (1781), budhajana kA carcAzataka Adi kAvya adhyAtma-rasatA ke kSetra meM ullekhanIya haiN| 13. gIti-kAvya gIti kAvya kA sambandha AdhyAtmika sAdhanA se bhI hai| AdhyAtmika bhAvanA ke bAdhaka tattvoM ko dUrakara, sAdhaka sAdhakatattvoM ko prApta karatA hai aura unameM ramaNa karate hue eka aisI sthiti ko prApta kara letA hai, jaba usake mana meM saMsAra se vitRSNA aura vairAgya kA bhAva jAgrata ho jAtA hai| phalataH vaha sadguru kI preraNA se AtmA kI vizuddhAvasthA meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| isa avasthA meM sAdhaka kI AtmA paramAtmA se sAkSAtkAra karane ke lie Atura ho uThatI hai aura usa sAkSAtkAra kI abhivyakti ke lie vaha rUpaka, AdhyAtmika vivAha, AdhyAtmika holI, phAgu Adi sAhityika vidhAoM kA avalambana khoja letI hai| madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kAvyoM meM ina vidhAoM kA vizeSa upayoga huA hai| usameM sAdhanAtmaka aura bhAvanAtmaka donoM prakAra kI rahasya-sAdhanAoM ke digdarzana hote haiN| sAdhanA kI cirantanatA, mArmikatA, saMvadenazIlatA, svasaMvedanatA, bhedavijJAna Adi tattvoM ne sAdhaka ko niraMjana, nirAkAra, parama vItarAga Adi rUpoM meM page hue sAdhya ko prApta karane kA mArga prastuta kiyA hai aura cidAnanda caitanyamaya brahmAnanda rasa kA khUba pAna karAyA hai| sAtha hI paramAtmA ko alakha, agama, nirAkAra, adhyAtmagamya, parabrahma, jJAnamaya, cidrUpa, niraMjana, anakSara, azarIrI, gurugusAI, agUr3ha Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kara use rahasyamaya banA diyA hai| dAmpatya-mUlaka-prema kA bhI sarala hindI jaina sAhitya :: 861 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #871
pravAha usakI abhivyakti ke nirjhara se jharatA huA dikhAI detA hai, ina-saba tattvoM ke milana se jaina-sAdhakoM kA rahasya parama rahasya bana jAtA hai, jo gItikAvya kI AtmA hai| gItikAvya meM nAmasmaraNa aura dhyAna kA vizeSa mahattva hai| unase geyAtmaka tattva meM saghanatA AtI hai| isalie jaina sAdhakoM ne nAma sumirana aura ajapA jApa ko apanI sahaja sAdhanA kA viSaya banAyA hai| sAdhAraNa rUpa se paramAtmA aura tIrthaMkaroM kA nAma lenA sumirana hai tathA mAlA lekara unake nAma kA japa karanA bhI sumirana hai| DaoN. pItAmbara datta baDthavAla ne sumirana ke jo tIna bheda mAne haiM, unheM jaina sAdhakoM ne apanI sAdhanA meM apanAyA hai| unhoMne bAhyasAdhana kA khaMDanakara anta:sAdhanA para bala diyA hai| vyavahAra naya kI dRSTi se jApa karanA anucita nahIM hai, para nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se use bAhya kriyA mAnA hai| tabhI to dyAnatarAya jI aise sumirana ko mahattva dete haiM jisameM aso sumarana kariye re bhaaii| pavana thaMmai mana kitahu na jaaii|| AnaMdaghana kA bhI yahI mata hai ki jo sAdhaka AzAoM ko mArakara apane anta: karaNa meM ajapA jApa ko jagAte haiM, ve cetana-mUrti niraMjana kA sAkSAtkAra karate haiN| isIlie santa AnaMdaghana bhI so'haM ko saMsAra kA sAra mAnate haiM cetana aisA jJAna vicaaro| sohaM sohaM sohaM sohaM sohaM aNu nabI yA saaro|| isa AdhAra para hama kaha sakate haiM ki hindI jaina sAhitya meM gItikAvya kA pramukha sthAna rahA hai| usameM vaiyaktika bhAvAtmaka anubhUti kI gaharAI, AtmaniSThatA, sarasatA aura saMgItAtmakatA Adi tattvoM kA sanniveza sahaja hI dekhane ko mila jAtA hai| lAvanI, bhajana, gIta, pada Adi prakAra kA sAhitya isake antargata AtA hai| isameM adhyAtma, nIti, upadeza, darzana, vairAgya, bhakti Adi kA sundara citraNa milatA hai| kavivara banArasIdAsa, budhajana, dyAnatarAya, daulatarAma, bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa Adi kaviyoM kA gIti-sAhitya vizeSa ullekhanIya hai| jaina gItikAvya sUra, tulasI, mIrA adi ke pada-sAhitya se kisI prakAra kama nahIM hai| bhakti-sambandhI padoM meM sUra, tulasI ke samAna dAsya-sakhya-bhAva, dInatA, pazcAttApa Adi bhAvoM kA sundara aura sarasa citraNa hai| jaina kaviyoM ke ArAdhya rAma ke samAna zakti aura saundarya se samanvita yA kRSNa ke samAna zakti saundarya se yukta nahIM hai| ve to pUrNa vItarAgI haiN| ata: bhakta na unase kucha abhISTa kI kAmanA kara sakatA hai aura na usakI AkA~kSA pUrNa hI ho sakatI hai| isake lie to use hI samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kA paripAlana karanA hogaa| ataH yahA~ abhivyakta bhakti niSkAma va ahetuka-bhakti hai| bhAvAveza meM kucha kaviyoM ne avazya unakA patita-pAvana rUpa aura ulAhanA Adi se sambaddha pada likhe haiN| 862 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #872
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir hindI jaina kaviyoM ne gItikAvya ko eka nayI dizA dI hai| use unhoMne adhyAtmika sAdhanA se jor3a diyA hai| isalie usameM saghanatA, gambhIratA aura sacetanatA adhika dikhAI detI hai / madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kaviyoM meM ye gItAtmaka tattva adhika vikasita hue haiN| banArasIdAsa, jinaprabhasUri, Anandatilaka, vRndAvana, udayarAja, jinarAjasUri, bhUdharadAsa, dyAnatarAya, devIdAsa, bhagavatIdAsa, vinayasAgara, anandaghana, yazovijaya Adi kavi isa sandarbha meM vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| Adhunika kAla meM gItikAvya kA aura bhI vikAsa huA / vyakti kI paristhitiyA~ badalatI gayIM aura vaha sAMsArikatA meM pha~satA gayA; phira bhI saMskAroM ne use svayaM ko khojane ke lie vivaza kara diyaa| bhAvoM ke saMsAra ne AdhyAtmikatA kI ora khIMcakara use satya para pratiSThita hone kA AmantraNa diyA / jaina kaviyoM ne isa AmantraNa ko apane kAvya-sRjana meM utaaraa| zatAdhika jaina kaviyoM ne gItikAvya likhe / Adhunika jaina kavi, anekAnta kAvya saMgraha aura Adhunika jaina kaviH cetanA ke svara nAma se prakAzita saMkalana isake udAharaNa haiM / yugala kizora mukhtAra ne 'merI bhAvanA' likhakara gItikAvya ko nayA rUpa diyaa| narendra bhAnAvata, zAntA jaina, mizrIlAla jaina, jugalakizora 'yugala', saroja kumAra jaina, kalyANakumAra 'zazi', rUpavatI kiraNa, mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA, vIrendra prasAda jaina Adi zatAdhika kaviyoM ne isa kSetra meM naye mAnadaMDa sthApita kie haiN| cU~ki Adhunika kAla ko hamane apanI adhyayana paridhi se bAhara rakhA hai, isalie hama isa para carcA nahIM kara rahe haiM / 14. prakIrNaka kAvya prakIrNaka kAvya meM yahA~ hamane lAkSaNika sAhitya, koza, gajala, gurvAvalI, AtmakathA Adi vidhAoM ko antarbhUta kiyA hai| ina vidhAoM kI ora dRSTipAta karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina kavi adhyAtma aura bhakti kI ora hI AkarSita nahIM hue, balki unhoMne chanda, alaMkAra, AtmakathA, itihAsa Adi se sambaddha sAhitya kI sarjanA meM bhI apanI pratibhA kA upayoga kiyA hai| lAkSaNika sAhitya meM piMgala ziromaNi, chandovidyA, chanda mAlikA, rasamaMjarI, caturapriyA, anUparasAla, rasamoha, zRMgAra, lakhapati piMgala, mAlApiMgala, chandazataka, alaMkAra Azaya Adi racanAe~ mahattvapUrNa haiM / isI taraha anastamitavrata sandhi, madanayuddha, anekArtha nAmamAlA, nAmamAlA, AtmaprabodhanAmamAlA, ardhakathAnaka, akSaramAlA, gorAbAdala kI bAta, rAmavinoda, vaidyakasAra, vacanakoza cittaur3a kI gajala, kriyAkoSa, ratnaparIkSA, zakunaparIkSA, rAsavilAsa, lakhapatamaMjarI nAmamAlA, gurvAvalI, caitya paripATI Adi racanAe~ vividha vidhAoM ko sameTe hue haiM / isI taraha kucha hiyAlI saMjJaka racanAe~ bhI milatI haiM, jo hindI jaina sAhitya :: 863 For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #873
prahelikA ke rUpa meM likhI gayI haiN| bauddhika vyAyAma kI dRSTi se inakI upayogitA niHsaMdigdha hai| madhyakAlIna jainAcAryoM ne aisI aneka samasyAmUlaka racanAe~ likhI haiN| ina racanAoM meM samayasundara aura dharmasI kI racanAe~ vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| uparyukta prakIrNaka kAvya meM madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kaviyoM ne kahIM rasa ke sambandha meM vicAra kiyA hai, to kahIM alaMkAra aura chanda ke sambandha meM kahIM koza likhe haiM to kahIM gurvAvaliyA~, kahIM gajaleM likhI haiM, to kahIM jyotiSa para vicAra kiyA hai| yaha saba unakI pratibhA kA pariNAma hai| yahA~ hama unameM se katipaya udAharaNa prastuta kreNge| rItikAlIna adhikAMza vaidika kavi mAMsala zRMgAra kI vivRtti meM lage the, jabaki jaina kavi lokapriya mAdhyamoM kA sadupayoga AdhyAtmika kSetra meM kara rahe the| isa sandarbha meM eka kavi ne hariyAlI likhI hai, to anya santa kaviyoM ne ulaTavAsiyoM-jaise kavitta likhe haiN| __ 17vIM zatI ke hindI racanAkAroM meM Anandaghana, kalyANakIrti, kSemarAja, tribhuvanakIrti, dharmasAgara, yazovijaya, sumatisAgara, hIrakuzala Adi tathA 18vIM zatI ke hindI racanAkAroM meM kanakakIrti, kuzalavijaya, khuzAlacanda kAlA, jodharAja godhIkA, devIdAsa, daulatarAma kAsalIvAla, bulAkIdAsa, bhUdharadAsa, yazovijaya, lAvaNya vijaya, vidyAsAgara, surendrakIrti, pAMDe hemarAja Adi zatAdhika hindI jainAcArya hue haiM, jinhoMne hindI kI vividha pravRttiyoM ko samRddha kiyA hai| isa kAla ke kAvya meM bhAvagAmbhIrya aura tIvrAnubhUti kA pratibimbana hotA hai, jisameM adhyAtma, bhakti aura zIla samAyA huA hai| yahA~ vraja-bhASA kA vizeSa prabhAva dikhAI detA hai| isa prakAra Adi-madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kAvya kI pravRttiyoM kI ora dRSTipAta karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki sAdhaka kaviyoM ne sAhitya kI kisI eka vidhA ko nahIM apanAyA, balki lagabhaga sabhI vidhAoM meM apanI pratibhA ko unmeSita kiyA hai| yaha sAhitya bhAva, bhASA aura abhivyakti kI dRSTi se bhI uccakoTi kA hai| yadyapi kaviyoM kA yahA~ AdhyAtmika athavA rahasya bhAvanAtmaka uddezya mUlataH kAma karatA rahA, para unhoMne kisI bhI prakAra se pravAha meM gatirodha nahIM hone diyaa| rasacarvaNA, chandavaividhya, upamAdi alaMkAra, ojAdi guNa svAbhAvika rUpa se abhivyaMjita hue haiN| bhASAdi bhI kahIM bojhila nahIM ho paaii| phalataH pAThaka sarasatA aura svAbhAvikatA ke pravAha meM lagAtAra bahatA rahatA hai aura rahasya bhAvanA ke mArga ko prazasta kara letA hai| jainetara kaviyoM kI tulanA se bhI yahI bAta spaSTa hotI hai| 864 :: jainadharma paricaya For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #874
Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra www. kobatirth.org Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke kucheka upayogI prakAzana jaina siddhAnta - siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI jaina nyAya - siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI samIcIna jainadharma - siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI maMgalamantra NamokAra - DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI jyotiSAcArya varNa, jAti aura dharma - siddhAntAcArya paM. phUlacandra zAstrI jaina tattvavidyA - muni pramANasAgara bhAratIya itihAsa : eka dRSTi - DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina jainadarzana kA astitvavAdI cintana - DaoN. pradyumna kumAra anaMga pramukha aitihAsika jaina puruSa aura mahilAe~ - DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina jainadharma meM vijJAna - DaoN. nArAyaNa lAla kachArA dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma - siddhAntAcArya paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI jainadarzana meM nayavAda - DaoN. sukhanandana jaina bhAratIya jyotiSa - DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI jyotiSAcArya kevalajJAna prazna cUr3AmaNi - DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI jyotiSAcArya apabhraMza bhASA sAhitya kI zodha pravRttiyA~ - DaoN. devendra kumAra zAstrI jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga - 1 - DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina solaha kAraNa bhAvanA - mahAtmA bhagavAnadIna bhAratIya darzana meM AtmA evaM paramAtmA - DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina jainadharma meM varSAyoga - upAdhyAya prajJasAgara muni jainadharma meM gurupUrNimA - upAdhyAya prajJasAgara muni Religion & Culture of the Jains -Dr. Joyti Prasad Jain Structure & Functions of Soul in Jainism -Dr. S. C. Jain Aspects of Jain Religion -Dr. Vilas A. Sangave Jain Litrature in Tamil -Prof. A. Chakravarti For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #875
958 20 LM bhAratIya jJAnapITha 18, insTITyUzanala eriyA, lodI roDa, nayI dillI - 110 0031 saMsthApaka : sva. sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina, sva. zrImatI ramA jaina For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #876
Serving JinShasan 151407 gyanmandir@kobatirth.org bhAratIya jJAnapITha 18, insTITyUzanala eriyA, lodI roDa, nayI dillI - 110 003 | saMsthApaka : sva. sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina, sva. zrImatI ramA jaina For Private And Personal Use Only