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________________ maharSividyAnandaviracitaH tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaGkAraH tRtIya khaNDa hindIbhASAnuvAdikA gaNinI AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI
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________________ zrImadvidyAnandasvAmiviracitaH tattvArthazlokavArttikAlaGkAraH / (tRtIya khaNDa) HDSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS hindI bhASAnuvAdikA gaNinI AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI Wan prakAzaka : pannAlAla pATanI 29-A/3, rAmakRSNa samAdhi roDa (tIsarI maMjila) kolakAtA - 700054 RSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS (0)
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________________ ASSISISISIONSISBSHSSSSSSSSSSSSS OM tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAraH (tRtIya khaNDa) *SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS ke racayitA : maharSi vidyAnanda hindI anuvAdaka: : gaNinI AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI sampAdaka : DaoN. cetanaprakAza pATanI, jodhapura arthasahayoga zrImAn pannAlAla evaM zrImatI saroja pATanI .. 29-A/3, rAmakRSNa samAdhi roDa (tIsarI maMjila) kolakAtA - 700054 prAptisthAna cUr3IvAla phArma hAusa omeksa siTI ke sAmane, jayapura saMskaraNa : prathama, 500 pratiyA~ prakAzana tithi : dIpamAlikA, vi.saM. 2066 mUlya : 175) rupaye saMkalpanA : nidhi kampyUTarsa, jodhapura 0 0291-2440578 mudraka .. : hindustAna prinTiMga hAusa, jodhapura 0 0291-2433345 WEXSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSM
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________________ AryikAzrI ke dIkSAguru OOOOOOOLOOK ROOPOROPORorroras PARATORS parama pUjya (sva.) AcAryazrI vIrasAgara jI mahArAja svAtmaikaniSThaM nRsurAdipUjyaM, SaDjIvakAyeSu dayAcittaM / zrIvIrasindhuM bhavavArdhipotaM, taM sarivaryaM praNamAmi bhktyaa||
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________________ jinazAsanaprabhAvikA, siddhAntasaMrakSikA, taponidhi adhyAtmamUrti PUR FEER COMC00000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000 (sva.) pUjya AryikAzrI indumatI mAtAjI AryikA dIkSA samAdhi vi. saM. 1962 vi.saM. 2006 vi. saM. 2042 Deha (nAgaura) rAja. nAgaura (rAja.) sammedazikhara (bihAra)
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________________ prastuta grantha kI anuvAdikA AryikAzrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI janma vi. saM. 1985 mainasara-nAgaura (rAja.) AryikA dIkSA vi. saM. 2014 khAniyA-jayapura gaNinI pada vi. saM. 2043 kAnakI (bihAra)
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________________ prastuti pUjya AryikA 105 zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI kRta mUlAnugAmI hindI anuvAda sahita tattvArthazlokavArttikAlaGkAra kA dUsarA khaNDa mArca 2009 meM pAThakoM ke svAdhyAyArtha prastuta kiyA thaa| aba yaha tIsarA khaNDa pAThakoM ke kara-kamaloM meM sauMpate hue hameM hArdika AhlAda hai| gItA, kurAna aura bAibila kA jo AdaraNIya sthAna apane-apane sampradAya meM hai, usase bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna 'tattvArthasUtra' kA jaina anuyAyiyoM meM hai| racayitA pUjya umAsvAmI AcArya ne isameM 'gAgara meM sAgara' bhara diyA hai aura maharSi vidyAnanda svAmI ne isa paramAgama ke gUr3ha viSayoM ko apanI gambhIra zailI meM sarala banAkara, saMskRta gadya padya meM tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaGkAra ke rUpa meM abhivyakta kara, tattvajijJAsuoM kA mahadupakAra kiyA hai| siddhAnta mahodadhi paM. mANikacandra jI kauMdeya nyAyAcArya ne isa grantha para aneka varSoM taka athaka parizrama kara 'tattvArthacintAmaNi' nAmaka bhASA TIkA likhI hai jisakA svAdhyAya kara dezabhASAbhijJa svAdhyAya premiyoM ne lAbha uThAyA hai| - pUjya mAtAjI ne ati vistAra evaM svataMtravivecana na kara 'alaMkAra' kA mUlAnugAmI sarasa anuvAda prastuta kiyA hai| prathama khaNDa meM kevala eka sUtra kI vyAkhyA kA anuvAda huA thaa| dUsare khaNDa meM dUsare sUtra se AThaveM sUtra taka ke viSayoM kA arthAt dvitIya Ahnika paryanta sUtroM kA gambhIra vivecana hai| TIkAkAra maharSi ne samyagdarzana kA svarUpa, bheda, adhigamopAya, tattvoM kA svarUpa aura bheda, nikSepoM kA kathana, nirdezAdi padArtha-vijJAnoM kA vistAra, satsaMkhyA tattvajJAna ke sAdhana Adi para yatheSTa prakAza DAlA hai| prasaMgavaza samyagdarzana ke sambaMdha meM bahuta gaharAI se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| prastuta tRtIya khaNDa meM nauveM sUtra se lekara 20 veM sUtra taka yAnI tRtIya Ahnika paryanta sUtroM kA vizada vivecana hai| sUtra 9 : isa sUtra meM jJAna ke bhedoM kA ullekha hai| vArtikakAra ne mati Adi ke kramapUrvaka kathana kI upapatti darzAkara inako yathArtha jJAna siddha kiyA hai| prasaMgavaza pratyeka padArtha kA svarUpa, sAmAnya vizeSa kathaMcit bhedAbheda ke rUpa meM siddha kiyA hai| donoM hI padArtha ke svarUpa haiM evaM avinAbhAvarUpa se ekatra rahate haiN| jJAna sAmAnyapanA hone para bhI sabhI jJAna apane-apane svarUpa se bhinna haiN| manISI TIkAkAra ne pratyakSa Adi sabhI jJAnoM ko svAMza meM parokSa mAnane vAle mImAMsakoM ke, jJAnAntaroM se jJAna kA pratyakSa mAnane vAle naiyAyikoM ke, jJAna ko acetana mAnane vAle sAMkhyoM ke mata kA satarka khaNDana kiyA hai| isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA 58 vArtikoM se kI gaI hai| * sUtra 10 : isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA AcAryazrI ne 185 vArtikoM dvArA kI hai| sarvaprathama pramANa ke sthUla bheda va svarUpa kA nirdeza hai| isase svataH hI sarvavivAdoM kA zamana ho jAtA hai| jar3a indriyoM ko pramANa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 24 mAnane vAloM kA nirAkaraNa jJAna ko pramANa mAnane se ho jAtA hai| sannikarSa (vaizeSika mAnyatA) bhI pramANa nahIM hai, sarvathA bhinna aise jJAna aura AtmA bhI pramANa nahIM haiN| pramiti, pramANa aura pramAtA kA sarvathA bheda nahIM hai, sarvathA abheda bhI nahIM hai| bhedAbheda hai| bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta tadAkAratA bhI pramANa nahIM hai| sannikarSa aura tadAkAratA meM anvayavyabhicAra aura vyatireka vyabhicAra hote haiN| svasaMvedanAdvaita bhI pramANa nahIM ho sakatA hai; mithyAjJAna, saMzaya Adi bhI pramANa nahIM haiN| samyak zabda kA artha prazasta hai, avisaMvAda hai| jitane aMzoM meM avisaMvAdapanA hai, utane aMza meM pramANatA hai| matizruta ekadeza pramANa haiM, avadhijJAna-. mana:paryayajJAna ko svaviSaya meM pUrNa rUpa se pramANatA hai| kevalajJAna ko sarvapadArthoM meM sarvAMza meM pUrNarUpa se pramANatA hai| prasaMgavaza smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna Adi bhI inhIM pramANadvaya meM samAhita haiM, unheM pRthak mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, isa para vicAra kara "pramANa kI utpatti svata: hai yA parataH" isakA bhI sayuktika vivecana kiyA hai| . sUtra 11-12 : meM kramazaH 25 aura 39 vArtika haiN| parokSa va pratyakSa zabda kI nirukti ke sAtha matizrutajJAna ko parokSa aura zeSa tIna jJAnoM ko pratyakSa siddha karate hue anya vAdiyoM ke dvArA mAne hue sarva lakSaNoM meM doSoM kA udghATana kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 13 : isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM TIkAkAra ne matijJAna kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai jo 394 vArtikoM meM pUrNa huA hai| matijJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama se utpanna hone vAle smRti, pratyabhijJAna, saMjJA, cintA, abhinibodha Adi sabakA samAveza matijJAna meM hai| ye saba pramANa haiN| smRti Adi ko pramANa nahIM mAnane vAle vAdiyoM - bauddha, naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi ke siddhAntoM ko uddhRta kara unameM anarthaparamparA kA pradarzana kiyA hai| sUtra 14 : meM matijJAna ke nimitta kAraNoM kA nirUpaNa hai| yahA~ jJAna ke utpAdaka kArakoM kA varNana hai, jJApaka hetuoM kA nirUpaNa nahIM hai| dhAraNA paryanta jJAna to indriya anindriya donoM se utpanna hote haiM, smRti Adi meM kevala mana hI nimitta par3atA hai| paramparA se indriyA~ bhI nimitta ho jAtI haiN| artha aura Aloka jJAna ke kAraNa nahIM haiN| jJAnapanA aura jJeyapanA paraspara Azrita haiM kintu jJAna aura jJeya kI utpatti apaneapane nyAre kAraNoM se apane niyatakAla meM hotI hai| isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA 15 vArtikoM meM sampanna huI hai| ___ sUtra 15 : matijJAna ke bhedoM kA nirUpaNa karane ke lie yaha sUtra hai| pazcAt TIkAkAra ne avagraha Adi kA nirdoSa lakSaNa kahA hai| sabhI jJAna sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu ko viSaya karate haiN| akele sat sAmAnya kA hI nirbAdha jJAna nahIM hotA hai| ye avagraha Adi jJAna sadA krama se hI hote haiN| ye AtmA kI krama se utpanna huI bhinna-bhinna paryAyeM haiM kintu ye saba paryAyeM eka matijJAnasvarUpa haiN| darzanopayoga se avagrahajJAna bhinna hai| AkAMkSA se kucha milA huA IhAjJAna aura saMskAra rUpa dhAraNA jJAna svasaMvedana pratyakSa se pramANa rUpa hai| saMzaya aura viparyayajJAnoM kA nirAkaraNa karatA huA spaSTa avAyajJAna hai| ekadeza vizada hone se nyAyagranthoM meM ye jJAna sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa mAne gaye haiN| vastuta: ye sabhI jJAna parokSa haiN| yaha vivecana 68 vArttikoM meM pUrNa huA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 25 * sUtra 16 : meM matijJAna ke vizeSa prabhedoM kA 42 vArtikoM meM nirUpaNa hai| pUrva sUtra meM kahe gaye jJAnoM ke ye bahu Adika bAraha padArtha viSaya haiN| sUtra 17 : bahu-bahuvidha Adi dharmoM ke AdhArabhUta dharmI ko samajhAne ke lie yaha sUtra hai| isakI vyAkhyA TIkAkAra ne 5 vArttikoM meM kI hai| vastubhUta artha ke bahu Adika dharmoM meM avagrahAdi jJAna pravartate sUtra 18 : yaha sUtra nirdeza karatA hai ki avyakta padArtha kA avagraha hI hotA hai| IhA, avAya, dhAraNA, smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna nAma ke matijJAna ye avyakta artha meM nahIM pravartate haiN| isakI vizada vyAkhyA 9 vArtikoM meM huI hai| sUtra 19 : cakSu indriya aura mana se vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotA hai| zeSa cAra indriyoM se hotA hai| viSaya ke sAtha cakSu kI aprApti se mana indriya kI aprApti bhinna jAti kI hai| abhimukha ho rahe aprApta artha ko cakSu jAnatI hai aura mana abhimukha, anabhimukha, prApta, aprApta arthoM ko bhI jAna letA hai| abhAva bhI bhAva kAraNoM ke samAna kArya kI utpatti meM sahAyaka ho jAte haiN| TIkAkAra AcAryazrI ne vaizeSikoM dvArA mAnI gayI sphaTika kI utpAda vinAza prakriyA para acchA AghAta kiyA hai| mImAMsaka aura vaizeSikoM ne zabda ko bhI pudgala nahIM mAnA hai, unakI isa mAnyatA kA bhI AcAryazrI ne satarka khaNDana kiyA hai| mImAMsakoM kA zabda ko amUrta aura sarvagata kahanA pramANoM se bAdhita hai| AcAryazrI ne zrotra kA prApyakAritva puSTa kiyA hai| yaha vivecana 98 vArttikoM meM samAviSTa huA hai| yahA~ taka AcAryazrI vidyAnandajI ne matijJAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kA yuktisAdhya varNana kiyA hai| sUtra 20 : isa sUtra ke antargata 128 vArtikoM meM zrutajJAna va usake bheda-prabhedoM ke sambandha meM vistAra se vimarza kiyA gayA hai| zrutajJAna ke aMga bAhya aura aMga praviSTa Adi bhedoM kA pratipAdana karate * hue zrutajJAna kI prAmANikatA ko bahuta hI sundara DhaMga se siddha kiyA gayA hai| ___ isa prakaraNa ke sAtha tRtIya Ahnika sampUrNa hotA hai| isa prakAra isa khaNDa meM aneka mahattvapUrNa prakaraNoM kI vyAkhyA hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to 1066 vArtikoM se yukta isa tRtIya khaNDa meM matijJAna aura zrutajJAna kA hI vicAra hai| isase vArtikakAra aura TIkAkAra kI agAdha vidvattA kA patA lagatA hai| sUtrakAra ne to gAgara meM sAgara bharA hI hai| pariziSTa meM zlokAnukramaNikA dI gaI hai| AbhAra : pUjya gaNinI AryikA zrI supArzvamatI mAtAjI ke zrIcaraNoM meM savinaya vandAmi nivedana karatA hU~ jinhoMne apanI abhIkSNa jJAnArAdhanA aura tapa:sAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa isa gurugambhIra grantha kA .. mUlAnugAmI anuvAda kiyA hai aura isake sampAdana prakAzana karma se mujhe saMyukta kara mujha para atIva anugraha kiyA hai| maiM ApakA kRtajJa huuN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 6 yathAzIghra prakAzana hetu satata preraNA karane vAlI pUjya AryikA gauravamatI mAtAjI ke caraNoM meM savinaya vandAmi nivedana karatA huuN| paM. motIcandajI koThArI kI taiyAra kI huI pANDulipi se bhI mUla saMskRta pATha kA milAna kiyA hai ataeva maiM unakA bhI AbhArI huuN| hindI TIkAkAra siddhAntamahodadhi, syAdvAdavAridhi, nyAyadivAkara paM. mANikacandajI kaundeya, nyAyAcArya kI agAdha vidvattA evaM abhinandanIya pratibhA ko sAdara namana karatA hU~ jinakI pANDityapUrNa bhASA TIkA tattvArtha cintAmaNi' se prastuta saMskaraNa ko sa~vArane meM apratima sahAyatA milI hai| grantha ke prakAzaka zrImAn pannAlAlajI pATanI, kolakAtA ko hArdika dhanyavAda detA huuN| kampyUTarakArya ke lie nidhi kampyUTarsa ke DaoN. kSemaMkara pATanI va unake sahayogiyoM ko hArdika dhanyavAda detA huuN| zobhana evaM surucipUrNa mudraNa ke lie hindustAna priMTiMga hAusa, jodhapura ko dhanyavAda detA huuN| samyagjJAna ke isa mahadanuSThAna meM yatkiMcit sahayoga dene vAle sabhI bhavyoM ke prati hArdika AbhAra vyakta karatA hU~ aura sampAdana-prakAzana kArya meM rahI bhUloM ke lie svAdhyAyI bandhuoM se kSamAyAcanA karatA Onch dIpamAlikA 2009 vinIta 6. DaoN. cetanaprakAza pATanI 54-55 indrA vihAra sekzana 7 vistAra nyU pAvara hAusa roDa jodhapura - 342003
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________________ # do zabda pratyeka darzana yA dharma ke pravartaka kI eka AdhArabhUta vizeSa dRSTi rahI hai| bhagavAna buddha kI dRSTi madhyama pratipadA dRSTi hai jisameM ve saMvedanAdvaita, citrAdvaita, vijJAnAdvaita Adi ko siddha karate haiN| zaMkarAcArya kI advaita dRSTi hai, ve brahmAdvaita Adi ko siddha karate haiN| sAMkhyamata puruSa aura prakRti ko mAnatA hai| ye jitane bhI dArzanika haiM, ve ekAntavAdI haiN| unakA mata pratyakSa pramANa, Agama pramANa evaM yukti (anumAna) pramANa se bAdhita hotA hai ataH vaha avAstavika hai, paramArthabhUta nahIM hai| jainadarzana ke pravartaka mahApuruSoM kI bhI vastu ko siddha karane ke lie eka vizeSa dRSTi rahI hai vaha hai anekaantvaad| jaina dharma kA sArA AcAra-vicAra usI ke AdhAra para hai isIlie jaina darzana anekAntavAdI darzana kahalAtA hai aura anekAntavAda tathA jainadarzana paraspara paryAyavAcI jaise hogaye haiN| vastu sat hI hai vA asat hI hai, nitya hI hai athavA anitya hI hai, isa prakAra kI mAnyatA ko ekAnta kahate haiM aura vastu ko apekSA ke bheda se sat-asat, nitya-anitya Adi mAnanA anekAntavAda hai| yaha anekAntavAda pratyeka prANI ke anubhavagocara hai kyoMki sarvathA nitya, sarvathA anitya, sarvathA sat athavA sarvathA asat meM koI kriyA nahIM hotii| anAdikAlIna isa vastusthiti ko samajhAne ke lie tathA vastu kA yathArtha jJAna karAne ke lie pUrvaja gaNadhara deva, kundakundAcArya, pUjyapAdasvAmI, akalaMka deva, . samantabhadrAcArya, mANikyanandI Adi aneka AcAryoM ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai| vAstava meM, anekAtmaka artha kA prarUpaka syAdvAda hai| usI ko phalitavAda, saptabhaMgIvAda aura nayavAda kahate haiN| ye tInoM vAda jaina nyAya kI vizeSa dena haiM kyoMki jaina darzana anekAntavAdI hai aura anekAnta kA prarUpaNa syAdvAda ke binA nahIM ho sakatA hai| kintu syAdvAda ke dvArA prarUpita anekAnta vastu kI jaba koI vaktA yA jJAtA kisI eka dharma kI mukhyatA se carcA karatA hai to anekAtmaka dharma kA kathana eka sAtha eka samaya meM nahIM ho sakatA ata: usa samaya eka dharma kI mukhyatA aura dUsare dharmoM kI gauNatA hotI hai| inameM eka dRSTi ke mukhya aura anya dRSTiyoM ke gauNa hote hue bhI ve dharmanirapekSa nahIM haiM apitu sApekSa haiN| yadi nirapekSa haiM to mithyA haiN| ata: sApekSa kathana samyak hai aura nirapekSa kathana mithyA hai| isa sApekSa kathana ko hI naya vivakSA kahate haiN| yaha naya vivakSA jaina darzana kI vizeSatA hai jo itara darzanoM meM nahIM hai| - ataH anyAnya dArzanika vastu ke svarUpa kA vAstavika nirNaya nahIM kara paate| bauddha vastu ko kSaNika mAnate haiM, sAMkhya vastu ko nitya mAnatA hai ata: inake mata meM vastu ke vAstavika svarUpa kA bhAna nahIM hotaa| ... jaina darzana eka dravya padArtha ko hI mAnatA hai| usake mAnane para dUsare padArtha ke mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| guNa aura paryAya ke AdhAra ko dravya kahate haiN| ye guNa aura paryAyeM isa dravya ke hI AtmasvarUpa haiM ata: ye dravya se pRthak nahIM ho sakate haiN| lakSaNa, saMjJA, prayojana Adi kI apekSA inameM bheda hote hue bhI dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA bheda nahIM hai| jaise AtmA ke jJAna, darzana Adi guNa haiM aura
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 28 matijJAna Adi paryAya haiN| isameM jJAna kA lakSaNa jAnanA hai aura darzana kA lakSaNa dekhanA hai| yaha inakA lakSaNa bhinna-bhinna hai tathA inakI saMjJA (nAma) Adi bhI bhinna-bhinna hai| jJAna kA prayojana sva-para prakAzatva hai aura darzana kA anta:citprakAzatva hai, aadi| dravya kA lakSaNa utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvyAtmaka hai| kyoMki vastu kA svarUpa trayAtmaka hai| jaina zAstra meM vastu ko trayAtmaka kahate haiM, yaha to ThIka hI hai parantu hamAre anubhava meM bhI vastu kA trayAtmaka rUpa AtA hai| kyoMki trayAtmaka vastu ke binA koI bhI arthakriyA nahIM ho sktii| dravya, guNa aura paryAya ye tInoM hI satsvarUpa haiM aura tInoM hI utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvyAtmaka haiN| jaise miTTI pudgala dravya kI paryAya hai| usameM hamane gehU~ kA eka bIja boyaa| usa bIja kA saMyoga pAkara miTTI ke kaNa gehU~ ke aMkura rUpa se utpanna ho gye| usameM jo miTTI rUpa paryAya thI vaha to naSTa ho gaI arthAt usakA vyaya ho gayA aura gehU~ aMkura rUpa se utpanna hogaye tathA sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNAtmaka pudgala dhrauvya rUpa rhaa| gehU~ ke aMkura gehU~ ke vRkSa rUpa evaM gehU~ rUpa se pariNata hue to aMkura rUpa se vyaya aura gehU~ rUpase utpAda huA parantu pudgalAtmaka vastu na naSTa huI aura na utpanna huI apitu dhrauvya rUpa hai kyoMki satsvarUpa kA nAMza nahIM hotA aura na asat kA utpAda hotA hai| isa prakAra kundakundAdi AcAryoM ne aneka dRSTAntoM aura yuktiyoM ke dvArA vastu ke svarUpa kA kathana kiyA hai| unhIM AcAryoM kA anusaraNa karate hue pUjyapAda, samantabhadra, akalaMkadeva Adi ne aneka grantha rce| isI zRMkhalA meM vidyAnandAcArya hue haiN| akalaMkadeva ke pazcAt unake cAra pramukha TIkAkAra hue haiN| unameM bhI pramukha haiM AcArya vidyaannd| unhoMne akalaMkadeva kI gUDhArtha aSTazatI ko AtmasAt karate hue usakI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM jo aSTasahasrI racI, vaha bhAratIya darzanazAstra ke mukuTamaNi granthoM meM se eka hai| usakI pANDityapUrNa tArkika zailI, prameyabahulatA aura prAJjala bhASA vidvanmanomugdhakArI hai| akalaMkadeva kI gUDhArtha paMktiyoM ke abhiprAya ko yathArtha rUpa se udghATita karane meM vidyAnandAcArya kI pratibhA kA camatkAra apUrva hai| ye bhI bhaTTa akalaMka ke samAna SaDdarzanoM ke paNDita the| AcArya vidyAnanda ke chaha grantha upalabdha haiM - tattvArtha zlokavArttikAlaMkAra, aSTasahasrI, pramANaparIkSA, AptaparIkSA, satyazAsanaparIkSA aura ptrpriikssaa| eka grantha vidyAnanda mahodaya upalabdha nahIM hai| jaise samanta bhadrAcArya kA gandhahasti mahAbhASya aura kundakunda kI SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama tIna khaNDoM para likhita 12000 zloka pramANa parikarma nAmakI TIkA upalabdha nahIM haiN| pahale zAstrArthoM meM jo patra diye jAte the unameM kriyApada Adi gUDha rahate the ata: unakA Azaya samajhanA bahuta kaThina hotA thaa| usI ke vivecana ke lie vidyAnandAcArya ne patraparIkSA nAmaka eka choTe se prakaraNa kI racanA kI thii| jaina paramparA meM isa viSaya kI sambhavatayA yaha prathama aura antima svatantra racanA hai| vidyAnandAcArya ne samantabhadra ke 'yuktyanuzAsana' para bhI TIkA racI hai| akalaMkadevAcArya nyAya ke prasthApaka the to vidyAnanda usake sampoSaka aura saMvardhaka the|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 9 * vidyAnandAcArya ne paramANu se lekara mahAsthUlakAya taka pudgala tathA anantAnanta jIva tathA dharmAdi dravyoM meM chaha dravya aura sAta tattvoM kI jo siddhi kI hai vaha bhavyaprANI ke antastala kA sparza karane vAlI hai| inake guNoM kA mana ke dvArA cintana kara apane pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi kara sakate haiM, anya koI upAya nahIM hai| unake caraNoM meM zata-zata vandana, zata-zata namana, zata-zata arcn| isa kaThina grantha ke athaka parizrama pUrvaka sampAdana aura saMzodhanakartA zrImAn paNDita mahodaya cetanaprakAza jI pATanI ko zubhAzIrvAda hai ki unake Atmacintana rUpa dharmyadhyAna aura jJAna kI vRddhi ho aura anta meM samAdhimaraNa ho, yahI merI kAmanA aura bhAvanA hai| gat 40 varSoM se mere pratyeka kArya meM jo sahayogI rahI haiM, aharniza mana-vacana kAya se sevA meM tatpara rahI haiM, zArIrika zakti kSINa hone para bhI AryikA pada ko svIkAra kara jo apane dharmyadhyAna meM lIna rahatI haiM aisI AryikA zrI gauravamatI jI ke saMyama, dhyAna, jJAna kI uttarottara vRddhi ho| ve yathAzakti tapazcaraNa karake strIparyAya kA cheda karake svarga meM utpanna hoM aura vahA~ se cyuta hokara manuSyabhava prApta kara mokSa ko prApta kareM, yahI merI kAmanA, bhAvanA aura AzIrvAda hai| granthaprakAzana meM sahayogI zrI pannAlAlajI evaM zrImatI saroja pATanI ko tathA unake parivAra ko zubhAzIrvAda / unake jIvana meM dhArmika kAryoM kI vRddhi ho, anta meM samAdhimaraNa ho, yahI AzIrvAda hai| - AryikA supArzvamatI
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________________ // zrIvItarAgAya namaH // # zAstrasvAdhyAya kA prArambhika maMgalAcaraNa OM namaH siddhebhyaH! OM namaH siddhebhyaH! OM namaH siddhebhyaH ! oMkAraM bindusaMyuktaM, nityaM dhyAyanti yoginaH / kAmadaM mokSadaM caiva, OMkArAya namonamaH // aviralazabdaghanaugha-prakSAlitasakala-bhUtalakalaGkA / munibhirupAsitatIrthA, sarasvatI haratu no duritam // ajJAnatimirAndhAnAM, jnyaanaanyjnshlaakyaa| cakSurunmIlitaM yena, tasmai zrIgurave namaH / / zrIparamagurave namaH, paramparAcAryagurubhyo nmH| sakalakaluSavidhvaMsakaM, zreyasAM parivardhaka, dharmasambandhakaM, bhavyajIvamana:pratibodhakArakaM, puNyaprakAzakaM, pApapraNAzakamidaM zAstraM 'zrItattvArthazlokavArtikAlaGkAra' nAmadheyaM asya mUlagranthakartAraH zrIsarvajJadevAstaduttaragranthakartAraH zrIgaNadharadevAH pratigaNadharadevAsteSAM vaco'nusAratAmAsAdya pUjya zrIvidyAnandAcAryeNa viracitaM idaM zAstraM / zrotAra: sAvadhAnatayA shRnnvntu| . maGgalaM bhagavAn vIro, maGgalaM gautamo gnnii| maGgalaM kundakundAdyo, jainadharmo'stu mngglm|| sarvamaGgalamAGgalyaM, sarvakalyANakAraNam / pradhAnaM sarvadharmANAM, jainaM jayati zAsanam / /
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 11 matizrutAvadhimanaHparyayakevalAni jJAnam // 9 // kimarthamidaM sUtramAhetyucyate - atha svabhedaniSThasya jJAnasyeha prsiddhye| prAha pravAdimithyAbhinivezavinivRttaye // 1 // na hi jJAnamanvayameveti mithyAbhinivezaH kasyacinnivartayituM zakyo vinA matyAdibhedaniSThasamyagjJAnanirNayAt tdnymithyaabhiniveshvt| na caitasmAtsUtrAdRte tannirNaya iti sUktamidaM sNpshyaamH|| kiM punariha lakSaNIyamityucyate - samyagdarzana ke nirUpaNa ke anantara samyagjJAna kA prakaraNa hai| ataH prathama hI samyagjJAna ke bhedoM kA pratipAdaka sUtra kahA jAtA hai| matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna aura kevalajJAna ye pA~ca samIcIna jJAna haiN||9|| isa sUtra ko kisa prayojana ke lie kahA hai? aisI jijJAsA hone para zrI vidyAnanda svAmI kahate samyagdarzana ke prakaraNa ke anantara apane bhedoM meM sthita jJAna kI prasiddhi ke lie aura aneka pravAdiyoM ke jhUThe abhimAna se utpanna kadAgraha kI nivRtti karane ke lie yahA~ isa sUtra kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai||1|| .. mati, zruta Adi bheda vAle samyagjJAna kA nirNaya kiye binA kisI vAdI kA jJAna anvayarUpa hI hai aise jhUThe AbhimAnika Agraha kA kisI bhI prakAra se nirAkaraNa karanA saMbhava nahIM hai, jaise ki usase anya dUsare cArvAka, bauddha Adi ke mithyA zradvAna nahIM haTAye jA sakate haiM, tathA isa sUtra ke binA mati Adi bheda * vAle usa samyagjJAna kA nirNaya bhI nahIM hotA hai ata: yaha sUtra kahA hai, aisA hama bhale prakAra samajha rahe haiN| . bhAvArtha : aneka mImAMsaka Adi pravAdiyoM ke yahA~ jJAna ke viSaya meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke mantavya haiN| koI jJAna ko anvaya svarUpa hI mAnate haiM, bauddha pramANajJAna ke pratyakSa aura parokSa do bheda mAnate haiN| zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna unako iSTa nahIM hai| cArvAka kevala indriyajanya pratyakSa ko hI mAnate haiN| vaizeSika pratyakSa aura anumAna do pramANa mAnate hue jJAna ko svasaMvedI nahIM mAnate haiN| sAMkhyamatI pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama pramANa ina tIna hI prakAra ke jJAna ko mAnate haiN| naiyAyika pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura zAbda ina cAra pramANoM ko mAnakara dUsare jJAna se jJAna kA pratyakSa honA abhISTa karate haiN| arthApatti aura abhAva se sahita pA~ca, chaha pramANoM ko mAnane vAle prabhAkara jaiminIya mata ke anuyAyI sarvajJapratyakSa kA niSedha karate haiN| ina saba mithyAzraddhAnoM kI nivRtti ke lie bhedayukta jJAna kA sUtra ke dvArA kathana karanA atyAvazka hai| phira isa prakaraNa meM kisakA lakSaNa karane yogya hai ? aisI AkAMkSA hone para kahate haiM ki
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 12 jJAnaM saMlakSitaM tAvadAdisUtre niruktitH| matyAdInyatra tadbhedAllakSaNIyAni tttvtH||2|| na hi samyagjJAnamatra lakSaNIyaM tasyAdisUtre jJAnazabdaniruktyaivAvyabhicAriNyA lakSitatvAt tadbhedamAsRtya matyAdIni tu lakSyaMte tanniruktisAmarthyAditi budhyaamhe| kathaM? matyAvaraNavicchedavizeSAnmanyate yyaa| mananaM manyate yAvatsvArthe matirasau matA // 3 // zrutAvaraNavizleSavizeSAcchravaNaM zrutam / zRNoti svArthamiti vA zrUyatesmeti vAgamaH // 4 // avdhyaavRtividhvNsvishessaadvdhiiyte| yena svArthovadhAnaM vA sovadhiniyata: sthitiH||5|| ___ Adi ke "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH" isa sUtra meM jJAna to jJAna zabda kI nirukti se lakSaNayukta kara diyA gayA hai| vahA~ se usakA avadhAraNa kara lenA / yahA~ usa jJAna ke prakAra hone se mati,zruta Adi kA vastuta: lakSaNa karanA cAhie // 2 // isa avasara para samyagjJAna kA lakSaNa karanA Avazyaka nahIM hai, kyoMki usakA AdisUtra meM hI 'jJAna' zabda kI vyabhicAra doSa rahita nirukti karake lakSaNa kiyA jA cukA hai| usa jJAna ke bhedoM kA Azrayakara mati, zruta Adi jJAna to unakI zabda nirukti kI sAmarthya se lakSaNayukta ho jAte haiM, isa prakAra hama jAnate haiN| mati Adi kA zabda nirukti se hI lakSaNa kaise nikalatA hai ? aisI jijJAsA hone para kahate mati jJAna ko AvaraNa karane vAle karma ke kSayopazama rUpa vizeSaviccheda ho jAne se jisake dvArA avabodha kiyA jAtA hai vaha mati hai| "mana-jJAne" isa divAdigaNa kI dhAtu se karaNa meM ktin pratyaya karake mati zabda siddha kiyA gayA hai) athavA AtmA kA sva aura artha kI jJapti kA sAdhakatama rUpa pariNAma vizeSa matijJAna hai athavA mananaM mtiH| (isa prakAra mana dhAtu se bhAva meM kti pratyaya kara mati zabda banAyA gayA hai) // 3 // isa mati zabda kI utpatti tIna prakAra se hai "manyate mananaM mAtraM vA mati: arthAt AtmA jAnatA hai| yaha kartR vAcya hai| jisake dvArA jAnatA hai yaha karmavAcya hai aura manana karanA hI jisakA kArya hai yaha paryAya aura paryAyI meM bheda abheda kI vivakSA se kathana hai| zrutajJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se jo svArtha ko sunatA hai, vA sunA jAtA hai, athavA sunanA mAtra jisakA svabhAva hai vaha zruta kahalAtA hai| athavA Agama ko zruta kahate haiN|| 4 // arthAt mati aura zruta kartR-vAcya, karma-vAcya aura bhAva-vAcya se tIna prakAra haiN| mana dhAtu se 'kti' pratyaya aura 'zru' dhAtu se 'kta' pratyaya se mati aura zruta zabda kI niSpatti huI hai| kartR, karma aura bhAva ina tIna niruktiyoM meM paryAya aura paryAyI meM bheda aura abheda vivakSA meM tInoM pariNatiyA~ ghaTita ho jAtI haiN| avadhijJAna ko rokane vAle avadhijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazamarUpa vidhvaMsavizeSa se sva aura artha kA jisake dvArA pratyakSajJAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha avadhijJAna hai| athavA maryAdA ko liye pratyakSajJAna karanA vaha bhI avadhijJAna hai||5|| arthAt ava upasargapUrvaka 'DudhAJ' dhAtu se bhAva meM kti pratyaya karake avadhi zabda niSpanna kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 13 ynmnHpryyaavaarprikssyvishesstH| manaHparyayaNaM yena,manaHparyeti yopi vA // 6 // sa manaHparyayo jJeyo manotrArthA mnogtaaH| pareSAM svamano vApi tadAlaMbanamAtrakam // 7 // kSAyopazamikajJAnAsahAyaM kevalaM matam / yadarthamarthino mArga kevaMte vA tadiSyate // 8 // matyAdInAM niruktyaiva lakSaNaM sUcitaM pRthak / tatprakAzakasUtrANAmabhAvAduttaratra hi // 9 // yathAdisUtre jJAnasya cAritrasya ca lakSaNam / niruktervyabhicAre hi lakSaNAMtarasUcanam // 10 // ___ na matyAdInAM niruktistallakSaNaM vyabhicarati jJAnAdivat na ca tadavyabhicArepi tallakSaNapraNayanaM yuktamatiprasaMgAt sUtrAtivistaraprasaktiriti saMkSepataH sakalalakSaNaprakAzanAvahitamanA: sUtrakAro na niruktilabhye lakSaNe ytnaaNtrmkrot|| jo jJAna mana:paryayajJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazamarUpa vizeSa parikSaya se apane yA dUsare ke mana meM sthita padArthoM ko jAna letA hai yA manogata padArthoM kA jisake dvArA pratyakSa jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai vaha mana:paryaya hai| __ athavA jo jJAna mana meM sthita padArthoM ko cAroM ora se svataMtratApUrvaka pratyakSa jAnatA hai usako bhI mana:paryayajJAna samajhanA caahie| anya jIvoM kA mana va apanA mana bhI usa mana:paryayajJAna kA kevala AlaMbana mAtra hai // 6-7 // mana:upapada ke sAtha pari upasarga pUrvaka "iNa gatau" dhAtu se karma, karaNa aura kartA meM 'aJ' pratyaya karane se manaHparyaya zabda niSpanna huA hai| .. kevala zabda kA artha kisI kI bhI sahAyatA nahIM lene vAlA padArtha hai| yaha kevalajJAna anya cAra kSAyopazamika jJAnoM kI sahAyatA ke binA AvaraNa rahita kevala AtmA se prakaTa hone vAlA mAnA gayA hai| athavA svAtmopalabdhi ke abhilASI jIva jisa sarvajJatA ke lie mArga ko sevate haiM, grahaNa karate haiM, svIkAra karate haiM vaha kevalajJAna iSTa kiyA gayA hai||8|| - mati Adi jJAnoM kA pRthak-pRthak lakSaNa zabda kI nirukti karake hI sUcita kara diyA gayA hai| isalie hI to una mati Adi ke lakSaNa ke prakAzaka sUtroM kA uttara grantha meM abhAva hai| jaise ki Adi ke sUtra meM jJAna aura cAritra kA lakSaNa zabda nirukti se hI sUcita kara diyA gayA hai| yadi prakRti, pratyaya dvArA zabda kI nirukti karane se vAcya artha meM vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai taba to lakSaNoM ko sUcana karane vAle anya sUtroM ko banAnA Avazyaka hai, jaise ki samyagdarzana kA lakSaNasUtra pRthak banAyA gayA hai; anyathA nhiiN|| 9-10 // ___mati, zruta Adi zabdoM kI nirukti apane-apane lakSaNoM kA vyabhicAra nahIM karatI hai, jaise ki jJAna, cAritra, pramANa Adi kA zabdArtha svakIya apane lakSaNa kA vyabhicAra nahIM karatA hai ata: unameM vyabhicAra doSa na hone se unake lakSaNoM kI punaH sUtroM dvArA racanA karanA upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki usase atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| yAnI prasiddha zabda aura lakSaNa ghaTita sarala zabdoM ke bhI punaH lakSaNa sUtra banAnA anivArya hogA, aura aisA hone se sUtragrantha ke adhika vistRta ho jAne kA prasaMga aavegaa| ata: saMkSepa se sampUrNa padArthoM ke lakSaNa ke prakAzana meM jinakA mana saMlagna hai, aise sUtrakAra nirukti se prApta lakSaNa meM punaH anyArtha ke lie dUsarA prayatna nahIM karate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*14 svaMtatvAlpAkSaratvAbhyAM viSayAlpatvatopi c| materAdau vaco yuktaM zrutAttasya taduttaram // 11 // matisaMpUrvata: sAhacaryAt matyA kathaMcana / pratyakSatritayasyAdAvavadhiH pratipAdyate // 12 // srvstokvishuddhitvaattucchtvaaccaavdhidhvneH| tataH paraM punarvAcyaM manaHparyayavedanam // 13 // vizuddhataratAyogAttasya srvaavdherpi| aMte kevalamAkhyAtaM prkrssaatishysthiteH||14|| tasya nirvRttyavasthAyAmapi sadbhAvanizcayAt / tenaiva paJcamaM jJAnaM vidheyaM mokSakAraNaM // 15 // mati, zruta Adi jJAnoM ke kathana karane kA krama mati zabda 'dhi' saMjJaka hai, alpAkSara hai, alpa viSayaka hai, ata: usako sarvaprathama grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| arthAt mati yaha zabda svanta (dhi) saMjJaka hai, alpAkSara hai, avadhi Adi kI apekSA matijJAna kA viSaya alpa hai tathA cakSu indriyAdi ke prati niyata viSayatva hai, ata: matijJAna kA sarvaprathama grahaNa huA hai| matijJAna ke anantara zrutajJAna kahA gayA hai; kyoMki matijJAnapUrvaka hI zrutajJAna hotA hai isalie matijJAna ke bAda tathA usake samIpa zrutajJAna ko grahaNa kiyA gayA hai||11|| kisI apekSA matijJAna ke sAtha zrutajJAna kA sAhacarya bhI hai| jahA~ mati hai, vahA~ zruta hai aura jahA~ zrutajJAna hai, vahA~ matijJAna hai ata: AdhAratva aura avizeSatva hone se donoM meM sahacaratva hai| sahacara sambandha se bhI mati ke uttarakAla meM zruta kA vacana yukta hai| tInoM pratyakSoM meM avadhijJAna sabase kama vizuddhi vAlA hai, tuccha hai, ata: isakA sarvaprathama nirdeza hai| (yadyapi pratyakSa jJAna kI apekSA avadhijJAna avizuddha hai, parantu pratyakSa hone se aura matizrutajJAna kI apekSA vizuddha hone se avadhijJAna ko matizrutajJAna ke bAda aura pratyakSajJAna ke Adi meM avasthAna diyA gayA hai|) isase, sarvAvadhi se bhI vizuddhatara hone se avadhijJAna ke bAda mana:paryaya kA nirdeza kiyA hai| manaHparyayajJAna ke vizuddhatara hone kA kAraNa saMyama hai| mana:paryayajJAna saMyamIjanoM ke hI hotA hai ataH manaHparyaya kA grahaNa avadhi ke bAda kiyA gayA hai| sarvAvadhi se bhI vizuddhatara hone se tathA atIva utkRSTa hona se sampUrNa jJAnoM ke anta meM kevalajJAna ko grahaNa kiyA hai, kyoMki usase utkRSTa jJAna kA abhAva hai, aura sarvajJAnoM ke paricchedana meM kevalajJAna kA hI sAmarthya hai kevalajJAna sarvajJAnoM ko jAnatA hai, parantu kevalajJAna ko jAnane kA sAmarthya kisI jJAna meM nahIM hai, kyoMki isase adhika prakarSajJAna kA abhAva hai| kevalajJAna pUrvaka hI nirvANa hotA hai, na ki kSAyopazamika mati Adi jJAnoM ke sAtha / tathA usa kevalajJAna kA mokSa avasthA meM bhI ananta kAla taka vidyamAna rahanA nizcita hai, ata: mokSa ke kAraNabhUta pA~caveM jJAna kA anuSThAna anta meM karanA yogya hai||12-13-14-15|| ___isa sUtra meM mati Adi zabdoM ke pAThakrama meM zabda sambandhI aura artha sambandhI nyAya ke Azraya anusAra hone vAle ukta hetuoM se anya bhI hetu kyoM nahIM kahe? - isa prakAra kA prazna uThAnA zreSTha nahIM hai| kyoMki, una anya hetuoM ke kahane para bhI unase anya hetu kyoM nahIM kahe, isa prakAra kI zaMkA bhI nivRtta
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 15 naM hi sUtresminmatyAdizabdAnAM pAThakrame yathoktahetubhyaH zabdArthanyAyAzrayebhyo'nyepi hetavaH kiM noktA iti paryanuyoga: zreyAstaduktAvapyanye kinnoktA iti paryanuyogasyAnivRtteH kutazcitkasyacitkvacitsaMpratipattau tadarthahetvaMtarAvacanamiti samAdhAnamapi samAnamanyatra / / jJAnazabdasya saMbaMdhaH pratyekaM bhujivnmtH| samUho jJAnamityasyAniSTArthasya nivRttaye // 16 // matyAdIni jJAnamityaniSTArtho na zaMkanIyaH, pratyekaM jJAnazabdasyAbhisaMbaMdhAdbhujivat / na cAyamayuktikaH, sAmAnyasya svavizeSavyApitvAt suvarNatvAdivat / yathaiva suvarNavizeSeSu kaTakAdiSu suvarNasAmAnya pratyekamabhisaMbadhyate kaTakaM suvarNaM kuMDalaM suvrnnmiti| tathA matirjJAnaM zrutaM jJAnaM avadhirjJAnaM mana:paryayo jJAnaM nahIM ho sakatI / kisI bhI hetu se kisI bhI zrotA ko kahIM bhI bhale prakAra pratipatti (jJAna) ke ho jAne para puna: usake lie anya hetuoM kA vyartha vacana nahIM kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra samAdhAna karane para to anyatra bhI yahI samAdhAna samAna rUpa se lAgU ho jaaegaa| bhAvArtha : mati Adi zabdoM ke pahale-pIche prayoga karane para vArtikakAra ne do-do, tIna-tIna hetu batA diye haiN| inase atirikta bhI hetu kahe jA sakate haiM, jaise ki vizeSa rUpa se saMyama kI vRddhi hone para hI mati Adi jJAnoM kI krama se pUrNatA hotI hai yA uttarottara jJAnoM meM bahiraMga kAraNoM kI apekSA se hrAsa bhI hotA hai, kintu padoM ke pUrvApara prayoga karane para jisa kisI ziSya ko jisa kisI bhI upAya se saMtoSajanaka pratipatti ho jAya to phira isa alpasAra kArya ke lie zAstrArtha kI, yA sabhI hetuoM ke batAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM samajhI jAtI hai| ___mati Adi pratyeka meM 'jJAna' kA anvaya kara lenA cAhie, 'bhuji' ke samAna / jaise devadatta, jinadatta aura gurudatta ko bhojana kraao| isameM bhojana zabda kA sabake sAtha prayoga kiyA gayA hai| - devadatta ko bhojana karAo, jinadatta ko bhojana karAo ityaadi| isI prakAra yahA~ para 'jJAna' zabda pratyeka ke sAtha lagAnA caahie| jaise matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna iti| isa prakAra pA~coM kA samudAya eka jJAna hai, isa aniSTa artha kI nivRtti ho jAnA siddha hai, ye pA~coM svatantra pA~ca jJAna haiN||16|| _mati Adi pA~coM kA milA huA eka piNDa hokara eka jJAna hai| isa prakAra ke aniSTa artha ho jAne kI zaMkA nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki pA~coM meM se pratyeka meM jJAna zabda kA bhojana kriyA karAne ke samAna cAroM ora se sambandha hai| yaha kahanA yuktiyoM se rahita nahIM hai, kyoMki suvarNatva, mRttikAtva Adi ke samAna sAmAnya padArtha apane vizeSoM meM vyApta haiN| jisa prakAra suvarNa ke vizeSa pariNAma kar3e, kuMDala Adi meM sAmAnya rUpa se suvarNapanA pratyeka meM saba ora se saMbaddha hai arthAt kar3e meM sonA hai, kuMDala meM sonA hai ityaadi| usI prakAra mati jJAna hai, zruta bhI jJAna hai, avadhi bhI eka jJAna vizeSa hai evaM manaHparyayarUpa jJAna hai, kevala bhI jJAna hai| ina vizeSa-vizeSa jJAnoM meM bhI sAmAnya jJAnapane kA sambandha hai| isameM koI antara nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 16 kevalaM jJAnamityapi vishessaabhaavaat| sAmAnyabahutvamevaM syAditi cet, kathaMcinnAniSTaM sarvathA sAmAnyaikatve anekatvasvAzraye skRdvRttivirodhaadekprmaannuvt| kramazastatra tadvRttau sAmAnyAbhAvaprasaMgAt sakRdanekAzrayavartinaH saamaanysyopgmaat| na caikasya sAmAnyasya kathaMcidbahutvamupapattiviruddhaM bhuvyktitaadaatmyaat| yamAtmAnaM purodhAya tasya vyaktistAdAtmyaM yaM ca tAdAtmyaM tau cedbhinnau bheda eva, no cedabheda evetyapi bruvANo anabhijJa eva / yamAtmAnamAsRtya bhedaH saMvyavahriyate sa eva hi bhedo nAnyaH, yaM cAtmAnamavalaMbyAbhedavyavahAraH sa evAbheda iti tatpratipattau kathaMcidbhedAbhedau pratipannAveva tadapratipattau kimAzrayo'yamupAlaMbha: syAt prtipttivissyH| parAbhyupagamAzraya iti cet sa yadi tavAtrAsiddhaH kthmaashryitvyH| atha siddhaH kathamupAlaMbho vivaadaabhaavaat| "pratyeka vizeSa meM pUrNarUpa se vyApaka sAmAnya bhI bahuta ho jaaeNge| aisA kahane para jaina kahate haiM ki isa prakAra sAmAnya kA kathaMcit bAhulya hamako aniSTa nahIM hai| sabhI prakAra sAmAnya (jAti) kA ekatva mAnane para eka niraMza sAmAnya kA aneka apane AzrayoM meM eka hI samaya pUrNa rUpa se vartana kA virodha hotA hai, jaise eka paramANu kA eka samaya aneka sthAnoM para rahane kA virodha hai| yadi una aneka AzrayoM meM rahane vAle usa sAmAnya kI kramavAra vRtti mAnI jAtI hai, to sAmAnya ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| kyoMki, vaizeSikoM ne eka hI samaya aneka AzrayoM meM Thaharane vAlA sAmAnya padArtha svIkAra kiyA hai| (jo nitya hai, eka hai aura sakRt aneka meM anugatarUpa se rahatA hai, vaha sAmAnya hai kintu, jaina siddhAnta meM sadRza pariNAma aura UrdhvaaMza pariNAma ko sAmAnya mAnA gayA hai) vaha sAmAnya vyaktiyoM se (vizeSa) kathaMcit abhinna hai| eka sAmAnya kA bahuta vyaktiyoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya ho jAne ke kAraNa kathaMcit bahutapanA viruddha nahIM hai| jisa svarUpa ko Age karake usa sAmAnya kA vyakti se vizeSa se tAdAtmya nahIM hai, aura jisa svarUpa kI apekSA sAmAnya kA vyaktiyoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya hai, yadi sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM paraspara bhinna hai, taba to sAmAnya aura vyaktiyoM meM bheda hI rhegaa| yadi ve donoM svarUpa paraspara abhinna haiM to sAmAnya aura vizeSa vyaktiyoM meM sarvathA abheda hI hogA-isa prakAra kahane vAlA bhI jaina siddhAnta ko samajhane vAlA nahIM hai kyoMki jisa svarUpa kA Azraya lekara bheda kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai vaha svarUpa hI bhedarUpa hai| anya dharma aura dharmI bheda rUpa nahIM hai, tathA jisa AtmasvarUpa kA avalamba lekara vyakti aura sadRzapariNAmoM kA abheda vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai vahI abheda hai unakA anya zarIra abheda rUpa nahIM hai arthAt-bheda abheda to ApekSika dharma haiN| isa prakAra unakI pratIti hone para kathaMcit bheda aura kathaMcit abheda samajhanA caahie| yadi una svarUpoM kI pratipatti nahIM huI to kisakA Azraya lekara yaha ulAhanA denA pratipatti kA viSaya ho sakegA ? yadi sarvathA bhedavAdI yA abhedavAdI yoM kaheM ki hamane jainoM ke mAne hue kathaMcit bheda-abheda kA Azraya lekara bheda-abheda ko jAnakara hI ulAhanA diyA hai to hama kaheMge ki jainoM kA vaha mata svIkAra karanA yadi tumako isa prakaraNa meM asiddha hai, taba to vaha kaise AzrayaNIya ho sakegA ? jainoM ke vahA~ iSTa kiye gaye kathaMcit bheda abheda kI svIkRti ko yadi siddha mAnoge, to vaha ulAhanA kaise huA? kyoMki pramANasiddha
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 17 atha parasya vacanAdabhyupagama: siddhaH sa tu samyagmithyA ceti vivAdasadbhAvAdupAlaMbhaH zreyAn dossdrshnaat| guNadarzanAt kvacitsamAdhAnavaditi cet, kasya punardoSasyAtra darzanaM? anavasthAnasyeti cena, tasya prihttvaat| virodhasyeti cenna, pratIto satyAM virodhsyaanvtaaraat| saMzayasyeti cenna, clnaabhaavaat| vaiyadhikaraNasyApi na darzanaM, saamaanyvishessaatmnorekaadhikrnntyaavsaayaat| saMkaravyatikarayorapi na tatra darzanaM tadvyatirekeNaiva prtiiteH| mithyApratItiriyamiti cenna, sklbaadhkaabhaavaat| vizeSamAtrasya sAmAnyamAtrasya vA paricchedakapratyayaH bAdhakamiti cenna, tasya jAtucittadapariccheditvAt sarvajAtyaMtarasya sAmAnyavizeSAtmano vastunastatra pratibhAsanAt / pratyakSapRSThabhAvini vikalpe tathA pratibhAsanaM na pratyakSe nirvikalpAtmanIti cena, tasyAsiddhatvAt sarvathA nirvikalpasya niraakrissymaanntvaat| anumAnaM bAdhakamiti cenna, tasya vizeSamAtragrAhiNo'bhAvAta padArtha meM kisI ko vivAda nahIM huA karatA hai| athavA dUsare jainoM ke kathana mAtra se unake svIkAra karane se siddha mAna liyA hai, to bhI vaha samIcIna yA mithyA hai? isameM vivAda kA sadbhAva hai ata: doSoM ke dRSTigocara hone se ulAhanA denA ThIka hI hai| jaise guNoM ke dikhajAne se kahIM samAdhAna karanA zreSTha ho jAtA hai to isa prakAra kisI ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki phira kauna se doSa isa kathaMcit bheda abheda meM dRSTigocara hote haiM ? anavasthA doSa kA sadbhAva hai-yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki usa anavasthA doSa kA parihAra pahile prakaraNoM meM kiyA jA cukA hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM kathaMcit ekatva aura anekatva kI siddhi . kathaMcit bheda abheda meM virodhadoSa kA sadbhAva hai, yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki donoM dharmoM kI eka sthAna meM pratIti hone para virodha doSoM kA avatAra nahIM hotA hai| bheda abheda ke anekAnta meM saMzaya doSa kA sadbhAva hai-yaha bhI kathana ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki eka dharmI meM calAyamAna do Adi vastuoM kI pratipatti kara lenA saMzayajJAna hai kintu yahA~ kathaMcit bheda abheda meM pratipattiyoM kA calitapanA nahIM hai| isameM vaiyadhikaraNa doSa kA bhI darzana nahIM hai| kyoMki sAmAnyarUpa vizeSarUpa kA eka adhikaraNa meM rahanepane karake nirNaya ho rahA hai, una bheda-abhedoM meM donoM dharmoM kI yugapat prApti ho jAnA rUpa saMkara aura paraspara meM dharmoM kA viSaya gamanarUpa vyatikara doSa bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hote haiM, kyoMki una saMkIrNa aura vyatikIrNarUpa se atiriktasvarUpa se kathaMcit bheda abheda kI pratIti hotI hai| yaha pratIti mithyA hai aisA bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki isameM sampUrNa bAdhaka pramANoM kA abhAva hai| kathaMcit sAmAnya vizeSa meM ekatva hai, sarvathA nhiiN| kevala vizeSa kA aura akele sAmAnya kA pariccheda karane vAlA jJAna bAdhaka hai| aisA bhI nahIM kahanA kyoMki vaha samIcIna jJAna kabhI bhI una akele sAmAnya vA vizeSa kA pariccheda karane vAlA nahIM hai| usa pratIti meM to sampUrNa ekAntoM se nirAlI hI jAti vAlI sAmAnya, vizeSa Atmaka vastu kA pratibhAsa hotA hai| bauddha yadi kaheM ki sarvathA bheda abheda se vilakSaNa kathaMcit bheda abheda Atmaka sAmAnya vizeSa rUpa padArtha kA pratibhAsa pratyakSa pramANa ke pIche hone vAle jhUThe vikalpa jJAna meM hotA hai| arthAt ThIka vastu ko jAnane vAle nirvikalpasvarUpa pratyakSa jJAna meM to sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu pratibhAsita nahIM hotI hai| - aisA kahanA saMgata nhiiN| kyoMki, vaha nirvikalpaka pratyakSa asiddha hai| sabhI prakAra ke jJAnoM ke nirvikalpaka hone kA bhaviSya grantha meM hama nirAkaraNa karane vAle haiN| sabhI jJAna sAkAra hone se hI savikalpa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 18 sAmAnyamAtragrAhivat / sAmAnyavizeSAtmana eva jAtyaMtarasyAnumAnena vyvsthiteH| yathA hi / sAmAnyavizeSAtmakamakhilaM vastu, vstvnythaanupptteH| vastutvaM hi tAvadarthakriyAvyAptaM sA ca kramayogapadyAbhyAM, te ca sthitipUrvAparabhAvatyAgopAdAnAbhyAM, te ca sAmAnyavizeSAtmakatvena sAmAnyAtmanopAye sthityasaMbhavAt / vizeSAtmanosaMbhave puurvaaprsvbhaavtyaagopaadaansyaanupptteH| tadabhAve kramayogapadyAyogAdanayorarthakriyAnavasthite: na kasyacitsAmAnyaikAMtasya vizeSaikAMtasya vA vastutvaM nAma khrvissaannvt| na hi sAmAnyaM vizeSanirapekSa kAMcidapyarthakriyAM saMpAdayati, nApi vizeSaH sAmAnyanirapekSaH, suvarNasAmAnyasya kaMTakAdivizeSAzrayasyaivArthakriyAyAmupayujyamAnatvAt kaTakAdivizeSasya ca suvarNasAmAnyAnugatasyaiveti sklaavikljnsaakssikmvsiiyte| tadvadiha jJAnasAmAnyasya matyAdivizeSAkrAMtasya svArthakriyAyAmupayogo matyAdivizeSasya ca jJAnasAmAnyAnvitasyeti yuktA jJAnasya matyAdiSu pratyekaM prismaaptiH| tatazca matyAdisamUho sAmAnya, vizeSa Atmaka vastu ko jAnane vAle jJAna kA bAdhaka pramANa anumAna hai-aisA nahIM khnaa| kyoMki kevala vizeSoM ko grahaNa karane vAle anumAna jJAna kA abhAva hai, jaise ki kevala sAmAnya ko hI grahaNa karane vAle anumAna kA abhAva hai pratyuta sarvathAbheda abhedoM se bhinna tIsarI jAti vAle sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka hI vastu kI anumAna pramANa karake grahaNa vyavasthA hai| jaise sampUrNa vastue~ sAmAnya aura vizeSa aMzoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka haiM, anyathA vastupanA nahIM bana sakatA hai| vastupanA arthakiyArUpa sAdhya se vyApta hai, aura vaha arthakriyA artha meM krama se hotI hai aura yugapat hotI hai ata: ve arthakriyAyeM krama aura yaugapadya se vyApta haiM tathA ve donoM kramayogapadya bhI dhrauvya ke sAtha rahane vAle pUrvasvabhAvoM kA tyAga aura uttarasvabhAvoM kA grahaNa karane rUpa pariNAma se vyApta haiM aura ve sthiti sahita hAna upAdAnatraya bhI sAmAnya, vizeSa, Atmakapane ke sAtha vyApti rakhate haiM kyoMki, vastu ke sAmAnya svarUpa kA niSedha karane para sthiti honA aMsabhava hai aura vastu ke vizeSa svarUpa ko sambhava na mAnane para pUrva svabhAvoM kA tyAga aura uttarasvabhAvoM kI grAhyatA nahIM banatI hai, tathA usa pariNAma ke na hone para kramayogapadya kA ayoga ho jAne se kevala sAmAnya aura kevala vizeSa meM arthakriyA hone kI vyavasthA nahIM hotI hai| isalie, kisI bhI sAmAnya ekAnta ko athavA kevala vizeSa ekAnta koM vastupanA nAma mAtra ko bhI nahIM hai| jaise donoM se rahita kharaviSANa avastu hai, usI ke samAna vizeSarahita sAmAnya yA sAmAnya rahita vizeSa bhI avastu hai (nirvizeSaM hi sAmAnyaM bhavetkharaviSANavat sAmAnya rahitatvAcca vizeSastadvadeva hi)| vizeSa nirapekSa sAmAnya kisI bhI arthakriyA kA saMpAdana nahIM kara sakatA hai| tathA sAmAnya nirapekSa vizeSa se bhI arthakriyA nahIM bana sakatI hai| . kar3A Adi vizeSa pariNatiyoM ke Azraya hote hue hI suvarNa sAmAnya arthakriyA ko karane meM upayukta hotA hai tathA kar3e, bAjU Adi vizeSa bhI suvarNapana sAmAnya se anvita hote hI arthakriyA karane meM upayogI banate haiN| yaha avikalarUpa se sampUrNa manuSyoM kI sAkSI pUrvaka nizcita kiyA jAtA hai| usI ke samAna isa prakaraNa meM mati Adi kA vizeSoM se ghire hue hI jJAna sAmAnya kA pramitirUpa apanI arthakriyA karane meM upayoga hotA hai aura jJAna sAmAnya se anvita mati Adi vizeSoM kA apanI-apanI arthakriyA karane meM lakSya lagatA hai| isa kAraNa kArikA ke anusAra mati, zruta,Adi pratyeka meM jJAna zabda kA sambandha-karanA caahie| aura isase mati, zruta Adi sabakA samUha eka jJAna hai yaha aniSTa artha nivRtta ho jAtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 19 jJAnamityaniSTortho nivartita: syaat| kutoyamarthoniSTaH? kevalasya matyAdikSayopazamikajJAnacatuSTayAsaMpRktasya jJAnatvavirodhAt / matyAdInAM caikazaH sopayogAnAmuktajJAnAMtarAsaMpRktAnAM jJAnatvavyAghAtAt tasya pratItivirodhAcceti nishciiyte| kiM matizrutAvadhimana:paryayakevalAnyeva jJAnamiti pUrvAvadhAraNaM draSTavyaM tAni jJAnameveti parAvadhAraNaM vA tadubhayamavirodhAdityAha - matyAdInyeva saMjJAnamiti puurvaavdhaarnnaat| matyajJAnAdiSu dhvastasamyagjJAnatvamUhyate // 17 // saMjJAnameva tAnIti parasmAdavadhAraNAt / teSAmajJAnatApAstA mithyAtvodayasaMsRtA // 18 // na hyatra pUrvAparAvadhAraNayoranyonyaM virodhostyekataravyavacchedyasyAnyatareNAnapaharaNAt / nApi tayoranyatarasya vaiyarthyamekatarasAdhyavyavacchedyasyAnyatareNAsAdhyatvAdityavirodha ev|| prazna : pA~coM ko milA karake eka jJAnapanA ho jAnA yaha artha kisa kAraNa se aniSTa hai ? . uttara : aisA mAnane para pratipakSI karmoM ke kSayopazama se utpanna mati, zruta, avadhi aura mana:paryaya ina cAroM jJAnoM ke sAtha samparka nahIM rakhane vAle kevalajJAna ke jJAnapane kA virodha AtA hai arthAt chaThe se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka kisI eka munimahArAja ko cAroM jJAna labdhirUpa se eka samaya meM ho sakate haiN| kintu jJAnAvaraNa ke kSaya hone para utpanna kevalajJAna kA ukta cAroM jJAna se sAhacarya nahIM hai| mati, zruta Adi eka-eka jJAna ke upayoga sahita anya zruta Adi jJAnAntara se asaMyukta matijJAnAdi eka-eka jJAna ke jJAnapane kA vyAghAta ho jAtA hai| parantu mati Adika eka-eka ke jJAnapanA pratIta ho rahA hai ataH samudita ko eka jJAnapanA pratIti se virodha hai, aisA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai| - prazna : isa sUtra meM mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevala ye hI jJAna haiN| aisI pUrva avadhAraNA karanA cAhie athavA ve mati Adi jJAna hI haiM? isa prakAra evaM lagAkara avadhAraNA karanA Avazyaka hai? ... uttara : AcArya kahate haiM ki ye donoM hI avadhAraNAe~ viruddha na hone ke kAraNa hamako abhISTa haiN| isI ko vArtika dvArA kahate haiM - ___mati, zruta Adi pA~coM hI samIcIna jJAna haiN| isa prakAra pUrva avadhAraNA se kumati, kuzruta aura vibhaMga meM samyagjJAnapanA naSTa kara diyA gayA hai, aisA jAnanA caahie| tathA ve mati Adi jJAna samyagjJAna hI haiN| isa prakAra pichalI avadhAraNA meM mithyAtva karma ke udaya se saMsaraNa karane vAlI ajJAnatA dUra kara dI gaI hai, aisA samajha lenA cAhie // 17-18 // isa sUtra kI pUrva avadhAraNA aura uttara avadhAraNAoM kA paraspara virodha nahIM hai| kyoMki donoM meM se eka dvArA vyavaccheda ko prApta zeSa dUsare ke dvArA dUrIkaraNa nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra ina donoM meM se kisI eka avadhAraNA kA vyarthapanA bhI nahIM hai kyoMki donoM meM se kisI eka ke dvArA siddha kiyA gayA vyavaccheda hone rUpa kArya zeSa dUsare eka ke dvArA asAdhya hai| isa prakAra donoM evakAroM meM paraspara virodha nahIM hai apitu avirodha hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 20 kiM punaratra matigrahaNAt sUtrakAreNa kRtamityAha;matimAtragrahAdatra smRtyAdeoNnatA gtiH| tenAkSamatirevaikA jJAnamityapasAritam // 19 // sAnumAnopamAnA ca saarthaapttyaadiketypi| saMvAdakatvatastasyAH sNjnyaantvaavirodhtH||20|| ___ akSamatirevaikA samyagjJAnamagauNatvAt pramANasya nAnumAnAdi tatorthanizcayasya durlabhatvAditi ke ssaaNciddrshnN| sAnumAnasahitA samyagjJAnaM svasAmAnyalakSaNayoH pratyakSaparokSayorarthayo: pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAmavagamAt tAbhyAM tatparicchittau pravRttau prAptau ca visaMvAdAbhAvAdityanyeSAM / saivAnumAnopamAnasahitA samyagjJAnaM, upamAnAbhAve tathA cAtra dhUma ityupanayasyAnupapatteriti pareSAM / phira isa sUtra meM mati zabda ko grahaNa karane ke lie sUtrakAra ne kyA kiyA hai? isa prakAra kI jijJAsA hone para kahate haiM - sUtra meM matijJAna ke grahaNa se hI smRti, tarka, pratyabhijJAna Adi kA jJAnapanA jAna liyA jAtA hai isalie indriyoM se utpanna huA jJAna hI eka matijJAna hai; aise cArvAka ke siddhAnta kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai, tathA anumAna sahita indriyajanya jJAna (pratyakSa) ye do hI matijJAna haiM, yahA~ vaizeSika yA bauddha kA mata bhI dUra ho jAtA hai| anumAna aura upamAna sahita indriyajanya mati hI pramANa hai| anumAna, upamAna, arthApatti, zAbda, abhAva, saMbhava, aitihya Adi se sahita indriyamati pramANa hai| isa prakAra tIna, cAra, pA~ca Adi pramANoM ke mAnane vAle kapila, naiyAyika Adi kA mantavya bhI nivArita ho jAtA hai| kyoMki inameM se kisI ne bhI smRti yA tarkajJAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnA hai kintu saphala pravRtti ke janakapane rUpa saMvAdakapane se una smRti Adi ke bhI samIcIna jJAnapane kA koI virodha nahIM hai| indriyajanya matijJAna meM buddhi, smRti, vyAptijJAna, upamAna, vaisAdRzya jJAna, arthApatti Adi saba samA jAte haiN||19-20|| sparzana Adi indriyoM se utpanna huA matijJAna hI eka samyagjJAna hai, kyoMki pramANa kI mukhyatA hotI hai| arthAt saMsAra meM pramANa hI to nyAyAdhIza ke samAna pradhAna hai| anumAna, smRti Adi to pratyakSa kI sahAyatA cAhate haiM ata: gauNa hone se pramANa nahIM haiM tathA una anumAna Adi se artha kA nizcaya honA durlabha hai| aisA bRhaspati mata ke anuyAyiyoM kA (cArvAka kA) darzana hai| tathA vaha indriya pratyakSa to anumAna sahita hotA huA samyagjJAna hai| svalakSaNa rUpa pratyakSayogya viSaya kI to pratyakSa pramANa se jJapti ho jAtI hai aura sAmAnyarUpa parokSa viSaya kI anumAna pramANa se jJapti ho jAtI hai| ____ una pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANoM se una svalakSaNa aura sAmAnya viSayoM kI jJapti, pravRtti aura prApti karane meM visaMvAda nahIM hai| aisA bauddha kA mata hai| anumAna pramANa aura upamAna pramANa se sahita vaha indriya mati hI samyagjJAna hai| kyoMki bauddhoM ke sadRza yadi hama bhI upamAna ko na mAneMge to usa prakAra "vahni ke sAtha vyApti rakhane vAlA vaisA hI dhUma yahA~ hai" isa upanaya vAkya kI siddhi na ho skegii| ataH anumAna ke pA~ca avayavoM meM se upanaya ke bigar3a jAne para anumAna pramANa kaise sthita raha sakegA? .
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 21 / saivAnumAnopamAnArthApattyabhAvasahitAgamasahitA ca samyagjJAnaM tadanyatamApAyeparisamApteritItareSAM / tanmatimAtragrahaNAdapasAritaM / tataH smRtyAdInAM samyagjJAnatAvagamAt tthaavdhaarnnaavirodhaat| na ca tAsAM pramANatvaM viruddhaM saMvAdakatvAd / dRSTapramANAdgRhItagrahaNAdapramANatvamiticena, iSTapramANasyApyapramANatvaprasaMgAditi cetyissymaanntvaat|| __ zrutA vAcAtra kiM kRtamityAha;zrutasyAjJAnatAmicchaMstadvAcaiva niraakRtH| svArthekSamativattasya saMviditvena nirNayAt // 21 // na hi zrutajJAnamapramANaM kvacidvisaMvAdAditi bruvANaH svasthaH prtykssaaderpyprmaanntvaaptteH| saMvAdakatvAttasya pramANatve tata eva zrutaM prmaannmstu| na hi tatorthaM paricchidya pravartamAnorthakriyAyAM visaMvAdyate pratyakSAnumAnata iva zrutasyApramANatAmicchanneva zrutavacanena nirAkRto drssttvyH|| ataH tInoM ko pramANa mAnanA cAhie, yaha anya logoM kA mata hai tathA anumAna, upamAna, arthApatti, abhAva aura Agama sahita akSamati (pratyakSa) hI samyagjJAna hai, kyoMki ina ukta pramANoM meM se eka ke bhI abhAva se jJAna hone rUpa prayojana kI paripUrNatA nahIM ho pAtI hai| isa prakAra kA itara mImAMsakoM kA siddhAnta hai| isa prakAra ke saba anya matiyoM ke darzana sampUrNa (una) matijJAnoM ke grahaNa karane se dUra kara diye jAte haiN| isa prakAra smRti, tarka Adi ko samyagjJAnapane kA nirNaya ho jAne se donoM ora ke avadhAraNoM kA koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| una smRti, Adi ko pramANapanA viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki smRti Adi jJAna saMvAda karAne vAle haiN| koI kahe ki pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA gRhIta kiye gaye viSaya kA grahaNa karane vAle hone se smRti, tarka Adi ko pramANapanA nahIM hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki isase apane-apane iSTa pramANoM ko bhI apramANapane kA prasaMga AtA hai, jo Age spaSTa kiyA jaayegaa| zruta zabda ko isa sUtra meM kyoM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai ? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM jo cArvAka, bauddha, nAstika Adi zrutajJAna kA pramANapanA svIkAra nahIM karate haiM. una vAdiyoM kA * usa sUtrokta zruta zabda se khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai| .. indriyoM se utpanna huA pratyakSajJAna jaise apane aura apane viSaya ke jAnane meM saMvAdI hone ke kAraNa pramANarUpa mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra sva aura para padArtha ke jAnane meM saMvAdIpana hone ke kAraNa zrutajJAna kA bhI pramANarUpa se nirNaya hotA hai||21|| visaMvAdI hone se zrutajJAna apramANa hai| isa prakAra kahane vAlA vAdI svastha nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para kahIM-kahIM visaMvAda ho jAne se pratyakSAdi sabhI jJAnoM meM apramANatva kA praMsaga AyegA aura saMvAdakatva hone se pratyakSa jJAna ko pramANa mAnane se zrutajJAna ko bhI pramANa mAnanA par3egA, kyoMki usa zrutajJAna se artha ko jAnakara pravartane vAlA puruSa arthakriyA meM visaMvAdI nahIM hotA hai, jaise pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANa se artha ko jAnakara pravRtti karane vAle puruSa ke visaMvAda nahIM hotA hai| yahA~ sUtra meM zrutavacana se zrutajJAna kI apramANatA ko cAhane vAle puruSa kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai-aisA vicAra kara lenA cAhie, yA isa viSaya ko spaSTa dekha lenA caahie| arthAt zrutajJAna kI pramANatA kA Age vistAra se kathana kareMge usase vA anya granthoM se ise jAna lenA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 22 atrAvadhyAdivacanAt kiM kRtamityAha - jighrtytiiNdriyjnyaanmvdhyaadivcoblaat| pratyAkhyAtasunirNItabAdhakatvena tdgteH||22|| siddhe hi kevalajJAne sarvArtheSu sphuTAtmani / kAtsyena rUpiSu jJAneSvavadhiH kena bAdhyate // 23 // paracittAgateSvartheSvevaM saMbhAvyate na kim / manaHparyayavijJAnaM kasyacitprasphuTAkRtiH // 24 // svalpajJAnaM samArabhya prakRSTajJAnamaMtimam / kRtvA tanmadhyato jJAnatAratamyaM na hanyate // 25 // na hyevaM saMbhAvyamAnamapi yuktyAgamAbhyAmavadhyAdijJAnatrayamatIMdriyaM pratyakSeNa bAdhyate tasya tadaviSayatvAcca / nApyanumAnenArthApattyAdibhirvA tata evetyavirodha: siddhH|| ___ atIndriya jJAna ke pramANapane kI siddhi : isa sUtra meM avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna kA kathana kyoM kiyA gayA hai ? -aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM - jo cArvAka jar3avAdI indriyajanya pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnate haiM, ve atIndriyapratyakSa ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiN| isa sUtra meM avadhi Adi ke vacana kI sAmarthya se atIndriya jJAnoM ke upAdAna karane kI gandha A rahI hai (siddha ho jAtA hai) kyoMki pratyAkhyAta sunirNIta bAdhakatva hone se atIndriya jJAna kI gati (jJAna) hotI hai|arthaat atIndriya jJAna meM pramANapane ke bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hai||22|| .. trikAla trilokavartI sampUrNa padArthoM meM atyanta vizadasvarUpa jJAna karane vAle kevalajJAna ke siddha ho jAne para yathAyogya saMsArI jIva aura paudgalikarUpI padArthoM meM pUrNarUpa se vizada jJAnoM meM avadhijJAna kisake dvArA bAdhita ho sakatA hai ? arthAt sabako spaSTa jAnane vAle kevalajJAna ke siddha ho jAne para kevala rUpIpadArthoM ko spaSTa rUpa se jAnane vAlA avadhijJAna to sulabhatA se siddha ho jAtA haiN||23|| isa prakAra kevalajJAna ke siddha ho jAne para dUsare ke manogata artha ko jAnane vAlA tathA nirmala sAkAra mana:paryaya jJAna kisI saMyamI ko saMbhava kyoM nahIM hai? // 24 // arthAt mana:paryaya jJAna bhI ho sakatA sUkSma nigodiyA labdhyaparyAptaka jIva ke chaha hajAra bAraha bAra janma-maraNa kara anta meM tIna mor3A kI gati se marane kA prakaraNa prApta hone para vigraha gati ke pahale samaya meM sabase choTA jaghanya jJAna hotA hai| saMkleza kI kucha hInatA ho jAne se dUsare samaya meM jJAna bar3ha jAtA hai| akSara ke anantaveM bhAga svalpajJAna kA prArambha kara ananta bAra chaha vRddhiyoM ke anusAra antima prakarSatA ko prApta kevalajJAna taka atizaya se unake madhyarUpa se hone vAle jJAnoM kA tAratamya kisI ke dvArA bAdhita nahIM hotA hai|||25|| isa prakAra yukti aura AgamoM ke dvArA saMbhAvita yA siddha avadhi Adi tIna atIndriya jJAna bAhya indriyajanya pratyakSoM ke dvArA bAdhita nahIM hote haiM, kyoMki vaha indriya pratyakSa atIMdriya jJAnoM ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai| jo jJAna jisako viSaya nahIM karatA hai, vaha usakA sAdhaka yA bAdhaka nahIM hotA hai tathA anumAna pramANa ke dvArA athavA arthApatti, upamAna Adi pramANoM ke dvArA bhI avadhi Adi tIna pratyakSoM ko bAdhA prApta nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki avadhi Adi jJAna anumAnAdi jJAna kA viSaya nahIM, isa prakAra atIndriya pratyakSa ke sAtha anumAna Adi pramANoM kA avirodha siddha hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 23 kazcidAha, matizrutayorekatvaM sAhacaryAdekatrAvasthAnAdavizeSAcceti tadviruddhaM sAdhanaM tAvadAha - na matizrutayoraikyaM saahcryaatshsthiteH| vizeSAbhAvato nApi tato naanaatvsiddhitH||26|| sAhacaryAdisAdhanaM kathaMcinnAnAtvena vyAptaM sarvathaikatve tadanupapatteriti tadeva sAdhayenmatizrutayorna punaH sarvathaikatvaM tayoH kathaMcidekatvasya sAdhyatve siddhasAdhyatAnenaivoktA // sAhacaryamasiddhaM ca sarvadA ttshsthitiH| naitayoravizeSazca paryAyArthanayArpaNAt // 27 // sAmAnyArpaNAyAM hi matizrutayoH sAhacaryAdayo na vizeSArpaNAyAM paurvAparyAdisiddheH / kAryakAraNabhAvAdekatvamanayorevaM syAditicet na, tatopi kathaMcidbhedasiddhestadAha - kaarykaarnnbhaavaatsyaattyorektvmitypi| viruddhaM sAdhanaM tasya kathaMcidbhedasAdhanAt // 28 // koI kahatA hai ki matijJAna aura zrutajJAna donoM sAtha-sAtha rahate haiM aura eka AtmA meM donoM avasthAna karate haiM tathA donoM meM koI vizeSatA bhI nahIM hai ata: mati aura zruta jJAna meM ekapanA hai; nAnApanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra kahane para sabase pahale AcArya ise spaSTa karate haiM ki mati aura zruta ke abheda ko sAdhane vAlA hetu viruddha hai| matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM kathaJcit bheda hai- matijJAna aura zrutajJAna ke sAhacarya se athavA eka AtmA meM sAtha-sAtha sthiti hone se ekapanA bhI nahIM hai, tathA paraspara meM vizeSatA na hone se donoM meM siddha kiyA gayA ekapanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki ina hetuoM se to abhedapanA siddha nahIM hotA pratyut nAnApana kI siddhi hotI hai||26|| ... matijJAna aura zrutajJAna kA aikya siddha karane ke lie diye gaye sAhacarya Adi hetu to viruddha haiN| kathaMcit nAnApana ke sAtha vyApta hone se unakA sarvathA ekapanA mAnane para ve sahacarapanA Adi hetu nahIM bana sakate haiM ata: ve hetu usa kathaMcit nAnApana ko hI siddha karate haiM, sarvathA ekapane ko nahIM, tathA una donoM * jJAnoM meM kathaMcit ekapane ko sAdhya karane para siddhasAdhyatA hai| isa kathana se kathaMcit anekatva ke sAtha hetuoM kI vyApti kA samarthana ho jAtA hai| paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA se vicArA jAya to ina donoM meM sahacaratA aura sahasthiti asiddha hai (kyoMki matijJAna aura zrutajJAnarUpa paryAyeM AtmA meM krama se hI hotI haiN| eka samaya meM chadmastha jIvoM ke do upayoga nahIM hote haiM) tathA mati aura zruta meM paryAyadRSTi se avizeSapanA bhI nahIM hai kintu antara (vizeSapanA) hai| arthAt paryAya dRSTi se donoM meM antara hai||26|| - sAmAnya kI apekSA matizruta jJAnoM meM sahacarapanA Adi dharma Thahara jAte haiM, kintu vizeSa pariNAmoM kI vivakSA karane para ina donoM meM pUrva pIche, Adi kI siddhi hai| matijJAnapUrvaka zrutajJAna utpanna hotA hai, isa prakAra pUrvApara padArthoM meM kAryakAraNa bhAva hone se inameM ekapanA hai, aisA nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki kAryakAraNa bhAva se bhI unameM kathaMcit bheda hI siddha hotA hai| isI ko AcArya spaSTa karate haiM - . kAryakAraNa bhAva hone se zrutajJAna aura matijJAna meM ekatva hai, yaha hetu bhI viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai, kyoMki vaha kAryakAraNa bhAva to kathaMcit bheda ko siddha karatA hai||28||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 24 na hyupAdAnopAdeyabhAvaH kathaMcidbhedamaMtareNa matizrutaparyAyayorghaTate yatosya viruddhasAdhanatvaM na bhavet kathaMcidekatvasya sAdhane tu na kiNcidnissttm|| gocarAbhedatazcenna sarvathA tadasiddhitaH / zrutasyAsarvaparyAyadravyagrAhitvavAcyapi // 29 // kevljnyaanvtsrvtttvaarthgraahitaasthiteH| matestathAtvazUnyatvAdanyathA svmtkssteH||30|| __ "matizrutayornibaMdho dravyeSvasarvaparyAyeSu" iti vacanAdgocarAbhedastatastayorekatvamiti na pratipattavyaM sarvathA tdsiddheH| zrutasyAsarvaparyAyadravyagrAhitvavacanepi kevalajJAnavatsarvatattvArthagrAhitvavacanAt / "syAdvAdakevalajJAne sarvatattvaprakAzane'' iti tadvyAkhyAnAt / na matistasyArthitvAtmikAyAH svArthAnumAnAtmikAyAzca tthaabhaavrhittvaat| na hi yathA zrutamanaMtavyaMjanaparyAyasamAkrAMtAni sarvadravyANi gRhNAti tathAbhAvarahitatvAt / svamatasiddhAMte'syAH varNasaMsthAnAdistokaparyAyaviziSTadravyaviSayatayA prtiiteH| matijJAna aura zrutajJAnarUpa paryAyoM meM kAraNa-kAryarUpa se upAdAna-upAdeyapanA kathaMcit bheda mAne binA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai jisase kAryakAraNabhAva hetu ke viruddha hetvAbhAsapanA na ho sake tathA kathaMcit ekapane ko donoM meM siddha karane para syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ koI aniSTa nahIM hai| viSaya eka hone se mati aura zrutajJAna ko eka kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki usameM sabhI prakAra ke viSayoM kA abheda pAyA jAnA asiddha hai| ata: viSaya abheda bhI hetusvarUpAsiddha nAmaka hetvAbhAsa hai| zrutajJAna ko asarva paryAya aura sarva dravyoM ke grAhakapana hote hue bhI kevalajJAna ke samAna sampUrNa tattvArthoM kI grAhakatA siddha hai aura isa prakAra matijJAna meM parokSarUpa se sampUrNa arthoM ke grAhakapana kA abhAva hai| anyathA aisA nahIM mAnane para bauddha, naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi vAdiyoM ko bhI jainoM ke samAna apane siddhAntoM kI kSati prApta hotI hai||29-30|| matiMjJAna aura zrutajJAna kA viSayanibandha sarvadravya aura dravya kI asarva paryAyoM meM hai| isa kathana dvArA viSaya ko abheda mAnakara matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM ekapanA nahIM samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki sabhI prakAra se unameM viSayoM kA abheda asiddha hai| zrutajJAna ke asarvaparyAya aura sampUrNa dravyoM ke grAhakapana kA vacana hote hue bhI kevalajJAna ke samAna sampUrNa tattvArthoM kI grAhyatA kA vacana (kathana) hai| zrI samantabhadrAcAya ne AptamImAMsA meM usa sUtra kI isa prakAra vyAkhyA kI hai ki syAdvAda yAnI zrutajJAna aura kevalajJAna donoM hI sampUrNa tattvoM ko prakAzita karane vAle haiN| bheda itanA hI hai ki zrutajJAna parokSa rUpa se sampUrNa padArthoM ko jAnatA hai aura kevalajJAna sampUrNa padArthoM ko pratyakSa rUpa se jAnatA hai kintu matijJAna zruta ke sadRza nahIM hai, tarka svarUpa athavA svArthAnumAnasvarUpa usa matijJAna ke bhI zrutajJAna ke samAna sarvatattvoM kA grAhakapanA nahIM hai jisa prakAra ananta vyaMjanaparyAyoM se cAroM ora ghire hue sampUrNa dravyoM ko zrutajJAna grahaNa karatA hai| para matijJAna meM sarva padArthoM ko jAnane ke sAmarthya kA abhAva hai| apane jainamata ke siddhAnta meM varNa, rasa, saMsthAna Adi moTI-moTI thor3I sI paryAyoM se viziSTa dravya ke viSaya se isa matijJAna kI pratIti hotI hai
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 25 svamatavirodhopi tasyAnyathaivAvatArAt tayorasarvaparyAyadravyaviSayatvamAtrameva hi svasiddhAMte prasiddha na punaranaMtavyaMjanaparyAyAzeSadravyaviSayatvamiti tadvyAkhyAnamapyaviruddhameva bAdhakAbhAvAditi na viSayAbhedastadekatvasya saadhkH|| iMdriyAniMdriyAyattavRttitvamapi saadhnm| na sAdhIyoprasiddhatvAcchrutasyAkSAnapekSaNAt // 31 // ___matizrutayorekatvamiMdriyAniMdriyAyattavRttitvAdityapi na zreyaH sAdhanamasiddhatvAt sAkSAdakSAnapekSatvAcchrutasya, paraMparayA tu tasyAkSApekSatvaM bhedasAdhanameva saakssaadkssaapekssyorviruddhdhrmaadhyaassiddheH|| naanidriynimitttvaadiihnshrutyorih| tAdAtmyaM bhuveditvaacchutsyehaavypekssyaa||32|| avagrahagRhItasya vastuno bhedmiihte| vyaktamIhA zrutaM tvarthAn parokSAn vividhAnapi // 33 // ataH apane mata se virodha bhI AtA hai parantu yaha virodha nahIM hai kyoMki usakA dUsare prakAra hI vyAkhyAna dvArA kathana hai| una mati aura zruta donoM ke kevala asarva paryAya aura dravyoM ko viSaya karanApana hI apane (jaina) siddhAnta meM prasiddha hai, kintu phira donoM meM ananta vyaMjanaparyAya aura sampUrNa dravyoM ko viSaya kara lenApana nahIM mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra isa sUtra kA vyAkhyAna karanA bhI aviruddha hI par3atA hai| arthAt sarva dravya aura kucha paryAyoM ko jAnanA matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM samAna hai phira bhI zrutajJAna ke samAna matijJAna sUkSma vyaJjanAdi paryAyoM ko jAnane meM samartha nahIM hai| bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se viSaya kA abheda bhI una mati, zrutajJAnoM ke ekapana kA sAdhaka nahIM hai| ... matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM abheda siddha karane ke lie diyA gayA bahiraMga indriya aura antaraMga indriya ke AdhIna hokara pravarttanA rUpa hetu bhI upayukta nahIM hai| kyoMki usakA pakSa meM astitva na hone se vaha hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa hai, zrutajJAna ke sparzana Adi bahiraMga indriyoM kI apekSA nahIM hai||31|| matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM ekapanA hai| indriya aura mana ke AdhIna hokara pravRtti karane vAlA hone se, yaha hetu bhI zreSTha nahIM hai kyoMki isameM svarUpAsiddha doSa hai| sAkSAt avyavahita rUpa se zrutajJAna indriyoM kI apekSA nahIM karatA hai| paramparA se usa zrutajJAna ko bahiraMga indriyoM kI apekSA hai kintu isase bheda kI hI siddhi hotI hai| matijJAna ko sAkSAt rUpa se bahiraMga indriyoM kI apekSA hai aura zrutajJAna ko vyavahitarUpa se bahiraMga indriyoM kI apekSA hai| isa prakAra viruddha dharmoM se ArUr3hapane kI siddhi hone se mati aura zruta meM bheda siddha hotA hai| ata: ukta hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai| - isa prakaraNa meM IhAmatijJAna aura zabdajanya vAcya artha jJAna rUpa zrutajJAna kA nimitta kAraNa mana hai ataH mati aura zruta meM mana ke nimittapanA hone se donoM kA tAdAtmya hai-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| IhA matijJAna kI apekSA zrutajJAna bahuta adhika viSaya ko jAnane vAlA hai||32|| ___avagraha se grahaNa kI gaI vastu ke vizeSa aMzoM meM bheda ko grahaNa karane vAlA IhA jJAna vastu ke kevala thor3e bheda aMza kA prakaTarUpa se Ihana karatA hai aura zrutajJAna nAnA prakAra ke parokSa arthoM ko bhI jAnatA hai| arthAt eka tarapha to bindumAtra IhA jJAna kA viSaya aura dUsarI ora zrutajJAna kA samudra samAna aparimita ' vissy| aisI dazA meM donoM eka ho sakate haiM ? arthAt nhiiN||33||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 26 . na hi yAdRzamaniMdriyanimittatvamIhAyAstAdRzaM shrutsyaapi| tannimittatvamAnaM tu na tayostAdAtmyagamakamavinAbhAvAbhAvAt sattvAdivat / kecidAhurmatizrutayorekatvaM zravaNanimittatvAditi, tepi na yuktivaadinH| zrutasya / ___sAkSAcchra vaNanimittatvAsiddheH tasyAniMdriyavattvAdRSTArthasajAtIyavijAtIyanAnArthaparAmarzanasvabhAvatayA prsiddhtvaat| zrutvAvadhAraNAdye tu zrutaM vyAcakSate na te tasya zrotramaterbhedaM prkhyaapyitumiishte| zrutvAvadhAraNAcchutamityAcakSANAH zabdaM zrutvA tasyaivAvadhAraNaM zrutaM sapratipannAstadarthasyAvadhAraNaM taditi prssttvyaaH| prathamakalpanAyAM zrutasya zravaNamaterabhedaprasaMgo'zakyapratiSedhaH, dvitIyakalpanAyAM tu zrotramatipUrvameva zrutaM syAneMdriyAMtaramatipUrvaM / / tathAhi yadyapi IhA matijJAna aura zrutajJAna donoM hI mana se hote haiM kintu jisa prakAra IhAjJAna kA nimitta mana ko prApta hai, vaisA zrutajJAna kA nimittatva mana meM nahIM hai| ata: kevala sAmAnyarUpa se usa mana kA nimittapanA mati aura zruta ke tAdAtmyakapana kA gamaka hetu nahIM hai| prakaraNa prApta hetu aura sAdhya kI avinAbhAvarUpa vyApti nahIM banatI hai jaise ki sAmAnya sattA yA dravyatva Adi hetuoM se jar3a cetana, AkAza, pudgala, mukta, saMsArI Adi meM ekapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| koI vAdI kahatA hai ki karNa indriya ko nimitta pAkara matijJAna aura zrutajJAna hote haiM, ataH ina donoM meM aikyatA hai| granthakAra kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAle vAdI bhI yuktirpUvaka kahane vAle nahIM hai, kyoMki karNaindriyako sAkSAt nimitta mAnakara zrutajJAna kA utpanna honA asiddha hai| bhAvArtha : karNa indriyajanya matijJAna meM avyavahita rUpa se nimittakAraNa karNa indriya hai| bahuta se zrutajJAna zabda ko sunakara vAcya artha kI jJapti ke lie utpanna hote haiM, unameM paramparA se karNaindriya kAraNa hai| kAna se zabdoM ko sunakara karNajanya matijJAna hotA hai, pazcAt saMketa grahaNa kA smaraNa hotA hai, puna: vAcya artha se hone vAlA zrutajJAna samajhA jAtA hai|| "zrutamanindriyasya"-isa sUtrAnusAra usa zrutajJAna kI anindriyatva se (yAnI mana ko nimitta mAnakara) utpanna honA aura pratyakSa se dekhe nahIM gaye sajAtIya aura vijAtIya aneka arthoM kA vicAra karanA rUpa svabhAva se prasiddhi hai| zabda ko sunakara nirNaya karane se zrutajJAna hotA hai| isa prakAra jo zruta kA vyAkhyAna karate haiM ve vAdI usa zrutajJAna kA karNaindriyajanya matijJAna se bheda ko prasiddha karAne ke lie samartha nahIM haiN| unase pUchanA cAhie ki kyA sunakara avadhAraNa karane se zrutajJAna hotA hai ? athavA vyakta karane vAle vAdI zabda ko sunakara usI zabda ke nirNaya ko zrutajJAna samajha lete haiM ? athavA isa zabda dvArA kahe gaye vAcya artha ke nirNaya se zrutajJAna kA vizvAsa kara rahe haiM ? prathama kalpanA meM to zrutajJAna kA karNa indriyajanya matijJAna se abheda ho jAne ke prasaMga kA koI niSedha nahIM kara sakatA hai kyoMki zabdazravaNa pratyakSa matijJAna hai aura usI ko unhoMne zrutajJAna kaha diyA hai| dvitIya kalpanA svIkAra karane para akele karNa indriyajanya matijJAna ko hI kAraNa mAnakara zrutajJAna utpanna ho skegaa| anya rasanA ghrANa, sparzana, netra aura mana indriya se utpanna hue matijJAnarUpa kAraNoM se zrutajJAna nahIM ho skegaa| isI bAta ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| jinake dvArA zabda ko suna karake usake vAcya arthoM kA nizcaya hI zrutajJAna mAnA jAtA hai, unake dvArA netra Adi indriyoM dvArA utpanna hue matijJAna se zrutajJAna kA lAbha nahIM kiyA jaayegaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 27 zabdaM zrutvA tdrthaanaamvdhaarnnmissyte| yaiH zrutaM tairna labhyeta netrAdimatijaM zrutam // 34 // yadi punA rUpAdInupalabhya tadavinAbhAvinAmarthAnAmavadhAraNaM zrutamityapISyate zrutvAvadhAraNAt zrutamityasya dRSTvAvadhAraNAt zrutamityAdhupalakSaNatvAditi mataM tadA na virodhaH pratipattigauravaM na syAt / na caivamapi mateH zrutasyAbhedaH siddhyet tllkssnnbhedaaccetyupsNhrtvym|| tasmAnmatiH zrutAdbhinnA bhinnlkssnnyogtH| avadhyAdivadarthAdibhedAcceti sunizcitam // 35 // yathaiva hyavadhimana:paryayakevalAnAM parasparaM mateH svalakSaNabhedorthabheda: kAraNAdibhedazca siddhastathA zrutasyApIti yuktaM tasya mternaanaatvmvdhyaadivt| tataH sUktaM mtyaadijnyaanpNckm|| bhAvArtha : dekhA jAtA hai ki sparzana indriya se rUkhe, cikane, ThaNDe Adi ko jAnakara unase dUsare artha, IMTa, malAI, makhamala Adi arthoM kA aMdhere meM zrutajJAna ho jAtA hai| rasanA indriya se mIThApana Adi rasa yA rasavAn skandhoM ko cakhakara rasoM ke tAratamyarUpa anya padArthoM kA, pahale Ama se yaha adhika mIThA Ama hai aura amuka Ama nyUna rasa vAlA thA Adi jJAna ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra prathama darzana, punaH IhA matijJAna, pazcAt mana se jJAna hotA hai| prakaraNa meM chahoM indriyoM se utpanna hue matijJAna ke pazcAt arthAntaroM kA jJAna honA rUpa zrutajJAna mAnA gayA hai|||34|| punaH rUpa, Adi ko jAnakara rUpa, rasa, sparza Adi ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhanevAle anya arthoM kA avadhAraNa karanA bhI zrutajJAna iSTa hai| suna karake avadhAraNa karane se zrutajJAna hotA hai yaha to upalakSaNa hai| kintu dekha karake, sparza karake, sUMgha karake, cakhakarake aura mAnasa matijJAna karake bhI zrutajJAna hotA hai| isa prakAra mantavya hone se hama jainoM ko koI virodha nahIM hai| upalakSaNa mAnane se pratipatti karane meM kaThinAI nahIM hotI hai| anyathA eka-eka kA nAma lene se ziSya ko samajhAne meM adhika parizrama hotA hai isa prakAra matijJAna se zrutajJAna kA abheda siddha nahIM ho sakatA, una donoM ke lakSaNa pRthak-pRthak haiN| isa prakAra yahA~ calAye gaye prakaraNa kA aba saMkoca karanA caahie| __bhAvArtha : sunanA Adi indriyajanya jJAna matijJAna hai aura ina matijJAnoM se pIche hone vAlA arthanirNaya zrutajJAna hai| artha se arthAntara ke jJAna ko zrutajJAna kahate haiN| jahA~ kAryakAraNa kI abheda vivakSA hai vahA~ dhUma se agni kA jJAna honA abhinibodha matijJAna hai aura bheda vivakSA hone para dhUma se agni kA jJAna zrutajJAna hai| isa prakAra lakSaNa ke bheda se matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM bheda hai| - isalie bhinna-bhinna lakSaNoM kA sambandha hone ke kAraNa zrutajJAna se matijJAna bhinna hai jaise ki avadhi Adi jJAna zrutajJAna se bhinna hai athavA jaise avadhi Adi se matijJAna bhinna hai vaise zruta se bhI bhinna hai tathA viSayarUpa artha, kAraNa Adi ke bhedoM se bhI matijJAna se zrutajJAnoM kA bheda hai, yaha bAta nizcita kara dI gaI hai||35|| . jaise avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna kA paraspara meM tathA matijJAna kI apekSA se svalakSaNa artha bheda hai arthAt jAnane yogya viSaya kA bheda hai, kAraNa bheda arthAt kSayopazama, utpattikrama Adi kA bheda siddha hai, isI prakAra zrutajJAna kA bhI matijJAna se svalakSaNa Adi kI apekSA bheda hai| ata: vaha 'zrutajJAna bhI avadhi Adi ke samAna matijJAna se bhinna hai| isalie umAsvAmI ne mati Adi pRthak-pRthak pA~ca jJAna kahe haiM, ve yuktisaMgata haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 28 sarvajJAnamanadhyakSaM pratyakSorthaH prisphuttH| iti kecidanAtmajJAH pramANavyAhataM viduH // 36 // parokSA no buddhiH pratyakSorthaH sa hi bahirdezasaMbaMdhaH pratyakSamanubhUyata iti kecit saMpratipannAstepyanAtmajJA prmaannvyaahtaabhidhaayitvaat|| pratyakSamAtmani jJAnamaparatrAnumAnikam / pratyAtmavedyamAhaMti tatparokSatvakalpanAm // 37 // sAkSAtpratibhAsamAnaM hi pratyakSaM svasmin vijJAnamanumeyamaparatra vyAhArAderiti pratyAtmavedyaM sarvasya jJAnaparokSatvakalpanAmAhatyeva / / kiMcavijJAnasya parokSatve pratyakSorthaH svataH kthm| sarvadA sarvathA sarvaH sarvasya na tathA bhavet // 38 // __ grAhakaparokSatvepi sarvadA sarvathA sarvasya puMsaH kasyacideva svataH pratyakSortha:kazcitkadAcitkathaMciditi vyaahttraaN|| pratyakSa artha kA parisphuTa karane vAlA (vizada rUpa se jAnane vAlA) pratyakSa, anumAna Adi saba hI jJAna parokSarUpa hai| arthAt jainoM ke siddhAMta ke anusAra sabhI pratyakSa, anumAna, saMzaya, viparyaya Adi jJAnoM kA svAMza meM svasaMvedana pratyakSa honA hama mImAMsakoM ko iSTa nahIM hai-isa prakAra koI mImAMsaka kahatA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki jJAnasvarUpa apanI AtmA ko nahIM jAnane vAle bhI pramANoM se vyAghAta doSa ko prApta hote haiN||36|| sarva hI jJAna apanA saMvedana karane ke lie pratyakSa haiM isakI siddhi : hamArI parokSa buddhi bahirdeza sambandhI pratyakSa artha kA pratyakSa anubhava karatI hai, aisA koI (mImAMsaka) kahatA hai-vaha bhI Atmatattva ko jAnane vAlA nahIM hai kyoMki vaha pramANoM se vyAhata padArthoM kA kathana kara rahA hai| arthAt indriya pratyakSa (sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa) ke dvArA bAhya padArthoM ko to pratyakSa svIkAra karate haiM aura svasaMvedana ke dvArA AtmA kA pratyakSa anubhava nahIM karatA hai, aisA kisa prakAra siddha kara sakatA hai arthAt nahIM kara sakatA hai ? apitu apanI AtmA kA pratyakSa svasaMvedana honA siddha hai| apanI AtmA meM to vaha jJAna svasaMvedana pratyakSa se pratibhAsita hai aura dUsare AtmAoM meM utpanna huA jJAna pratyakSa hai, isa bAta ko hama anumAna dvArA jAna lete haiN| ataH pratyeka AtmA meM svasaMvedana pratyakSa se jJAna kA pratyakSapanA jJAna kI parokSapane kI kalpanA ko naSTa kara detA hai ataH sampUrNa jJAna svAMza ko jAnane meM pratyakSa pramANa rUpa hai||37|| apane meM to sAkSAt rUpa se pratyakSa pratibhAsamAna jJAna hai hI aura dUsaroM kI AtmA meM apane-apane jJAna kI pratyakSatA hama vacanakuzalatA, ceSTA, pravRtti, smaraNa honA Adi vyavahAra se anumAna kara lete haiN| ataH pratyeka AtmA meM apane-apane svasaMvedana pratyakSa se jAnA gayA jJAna sabhI jJAnoM ke svAMza meM parokSapane kI kalpanA ko samUla naSTa kara hI detA hai| athavA, vijJAna ko sarvathA parokSa mAnane para sabhI jIvoM ke sadA,sabhI prakAra se, sampUrNa padArtha usa prakAra svataH hI pratyakSa kyoM nahIM ho jAte ? // 38 // padArthoM ko grahaNa karane vAle jJAna kA parokSapanA hote hue bhI sadA sabhI prakAra sabhI jIvoM meM se kisI eka jIva ke kisI samaya kisI prakAra koI eka artha kA hI svataH pratyakSa hotA hai, yaha kahanA to pUrvApara vacanoM kA prakRSTa rUpa se atyadhika vyAghAta karanA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 29 tataH paraM ca vijJAnaM kimrthmupklpyte| kAdAcitkatvasiddhyarthamarthajJaptena sA parA // 39 // vijJAnAdityanadhyakSAt kuto vijJAyate praiH| liMgAccettatparicchittirapi liMgAMtarAditi // 40 // kvAvasthAnamanenaiva ttraarthaapttiraahtaa| avijJAtasya sarvasya jnyaapktvvirodhtH|| 41 // - svataH pratyakSAdarthAtparaM vijJAnaM kimarthaM copakalpita iti ca vaktavyaM paraiH kAdAcitkatvasiddhyarthamarthajJapteriti cet , ucyate / na sA parA vijJAnAt tato nAdhyakSA satI kuto vijJAtavyA? liMgAccettatparicchittirapi liMgAMtarAdeva ityetadupasthApanavirodhAvizeSAt / arthApattyaMtarAttasya jJAnenavasthAnAt / ___ mImAMsaka ke kathana meM artha kI jJapti yadi pratyakSarUpa jJAna se hotI hai to usase pRthak karaNajJAna punaH kisa prayojana ke liye kalpita kiyA jAtA hai ? yadi arthajJapti ke kabhI-kabhI hone kI siddhi ke lie pramANAtmaka karaNajJAna eka dvAra mAnA gayA hai to vaha arthajJapti to jJAna se bhinna koI alaga vastu nahIM hai| yadi parokSa karaNajJAna se pratyakSajJapti ko bhinna mAnA jAegA to vaha dUsaroM ke dvArA kaise jAnI jA sakegI ? yadi kisI avinAbhAvI hetu se usa arthajJapti kA jJAna karoge to usa hetu kA jJAna bhI anya hetuoM se jAnA jA sakegA aura unaM tIsare hetuoM kA jJAna bhI cauthe Adi hetuoM se jJAta hogaa| isa prakAra kahA~ avasthiti hogI ? aise to anavasthA doSa ho jaayegaa| isa kathana se arthApatti ke dvArA hetuoM kA jJAna mAnane para anavasthA ho jAne ke kAraNa vahA~ arthApatti bhI nahIM ho sktii| nahIM jAne hue saba jJApakoM ko jJApakapana kA virodha hai||39-40-41|| . bhAvArtha : 'nAjJAtaM jnyaapkN'| arthajJapti aura usako jatAne vAle hetu jJApaka haiN| ata: unakA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai| kAraka hetu to ajJAta hokara bhI kArya ko kara detA hai, kintu jJApaka hetu to jJAta hokara hI anya padArtha ko samajhAtA hai, anyathA nhiiN| jaba artha apane Apa hI pratyakSa hotA hai, to usase bhinna parokSavijJAna kisalie kalpita kiyA gayA hai ? isakA pratipakSI mImAMsakoM dvArA spaSTIkaraNa honA caahie| yadi artha kI jJapti kI siddhi ke lie kadAcit parokSajJAna kI kalpanA karate ho to vaha artha se apRthakbhUta arthajJapti parokSarUpa vijJAna se abhinna anadhyakSa hotI huI vaha arthajJapti phira kisase jAnane yogya hai ? yadi hetu se usa arthajJapti kA jJAna karoge to usa jJApaka hetu kI jJapti bhI anya liMga se hI hogI aura usa liMga kI bhI anya hetuoM se jJapti hogii| isa prakAra yaha aneka hetumAlAoM ke uThAne se virodha upasthita hogA kyoMki, nahIM jAnA gayA panA saba hetuoM meM vizeSatA rahita hai| yadi anya arthApattiyoM se usakA jJAna karoge to anavasthA doSa AyegA ataH jJAna kA svataH pratyakSa honA mAnA jAnA caahie| jJAna jaba ghaTa, paTa Adi ko jAnatA hai, tabhI apanI unmukhatA se svayaM ko bhI jAnatA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*30 etenopamAnAdestadvijJAnepyanavasthAnamuktaM sAdRzyAderajJAtasyopamAnAdyupajanaka tvAsaMbhavAt jnyaanepyupmaanaaNtraadipriklpnsyaavshyNbhaavitvaat| tadevaM pramANaviruddhaM saMvidaMto'nAtmajJA ev|| jJAtAhaM bahirarthasya sukhAdezceti nirNayAt / svasaMvedyatvataH puMso na doSa iti cenmatam // 42 // svasaMvedyAMtarAdanyadvijJAnaM kiM krissyte| karaNena vinA kartuH karmaNi vyAvRtirna cet // 43 // svasaMvittikriyA na syAt svataH puMsorthavittivat / yadi svAtmA svasaMvittAvAtmanaH karaNaM matam // 44 // svArthavittau tadevAstu tato jJAnaM sa eva nH| pratyakSa vA parokSaM taj jJAnaM dvaividhyamastu te||45|| na sarvathA pratibhAsarahitatvAt parokSaM jJAnaM karaNatvena prtibhaasnaat| kevalaM karmatvenApratibhAsamAnatvAt parokSaM taducyata iti kazcit taM pratyucyate - ___isa kathana se upamAna, vyAptijJAna Adi se una liMgo kA jJAna karane para bhI anavasthA doSa kaha diyA gayA samajha lenA cAhie kyoMki upamAna jJAna kA janaka sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna hai| vyAptijJAna ke janaka upalambha anupalambha hai| saMketa grahaNa kiyA gayA zabda Agama kA janaka hai| ina sabako jAnane kI AvazyakatA hai tabhI upamAna Adi jJAna pravRtta hote haiN| sAdRzya Adi ko binA jAne upamAna Adi kI jAnakArI asambhava hai| isa kAraNa una sAdRzya Adi ko jAnane meM bhI anya upamAna Adi kI kalpanA avazya hogI aura anavasthA doSa aayegaa| ata: isa prakAra pramANa se viruddha padArthoM kI sampratipatti karane vAle mImAMsaka anAtmajJa hI haiM arthAt svayaM apane ko bhI nahIM jAnate haiN| "bahiraMga ghaTa, paTa Adi artha aura sukha, icchA, jJAna Adi aMtaraMga arthoM kA maiM jJAtA hU~" isa prakAra nirNaya ho jAne se AtmA kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa jJAna se anubhava meM AtA hai, isameM koI doSa nahIM hai arthAt pratyakSa AtmA se ghaTa,paTa Adi arthoM kI pratyakSa jJapti ho jAnA nirdoSa hai||42|| aisA mAnane para to svasaMvedana pratyakSa se jAne gaye antaraMga pratyakSasvarUpa AtmA se pRthak vijJAna kyA karegA ? yAnI jaba AtmA pratyakSarUpa se nirantara pratibhAsita hai to karaNajJAna mAnanA vyartha hai||43|| yadi kaheM ki kartA AtmA karaNa ke binA karma karane meM vyApAra nahIM karatA hai to AtmA kI arthavedana ke samAna svayaM sva ko jAnane kI kriyA na ho skegii| yAnI, artha ke vedana meM AtmA ko jaise karaNa jJAna kI apekSA hai vaise hI svayaM apane ko jAnane ke lie bhI pRthak karaNajJAna kI apekSA hogI aura phira usa karaNajJAna vAle kartA AtmA ko bhI sva ke jAnane ke lie anya karaNajJAna kI AkAMkSA hogii| isa prakAra eka zarIra meM aneka pramAtA mAnane par3eMge aura anavasthA bhI ho jaayegii| yadi AtmA kA sva kI saMvitti karane meM svayaM AtmA hI karaNa hai, aisA mAnA jAtA hai taba to sva aura artha kI jJapti meM bhI vahI AtmA karaNa ho jaayegii| vahI AtmA to hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ jJAna svarUpa hai aura vaha jJAna pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai|44-45|| sarvathA pratibhAsoM se rahita hone ke kAraNa jJAna parokSa hai, aisA nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki karaNa rUpa se pramANajJAna kA pratibhAsa hotA hai| kevala karma rUpa se pratibhAsamAna nahIM hone ke kAraNa vaha karaNajJAna parokSa kahA jAtA hai, isa prakAra koI mImAMsaka kahatA hai| usake prati AcArya kahate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 31 karmatvenAparicchittirapratyakSaM ydiissyte| jJAnaM tadA paro na syAdadhyakSastata eva te||46|| yadi punarAtmA kartRtveneva karmatvenApi pratibhAsatAM virodhAbhAvAdeva / tataH pratyakSamastu artho anaMzatvAnna jJAnaM kAraNaM karma ca virodhAdityAkUtaM, tata evAtmA kartA karma ca mAbhUdityapratyakSa eva syAt / / tathAstviti mataM dhvastaprAyaM na punarasya te| svavijJAnaM tatodhyakSamAtmavadavatiSThate // 47 // apratyakSaH puruSa iti mataM prAyeNopayogAtmakAtmaprakaraNe nirastamiti neha punarnirasyate / tataH pratyakSa eva kthNcidaatmaabhyupgNtvyH| tadvijJAnaM pratyakSamiti vyavasthAzreyasI pratItyanatikramAt / / pratyakSaM svaphalajJAnaM karaNaM jnyaanmnythaa| iti prAbhAkarI dRSTiH sveSTavyAghAtakAriNI // 48 // pramiti ke karmapane se jJAna padArtha kI paricchitti na hone se hI yadi jJAna ko apratyakSa mAnA jAtA hai,taba to tumhAre mata meM karmapane se bhinna kartA AtmA kA pratyakSa jJAna nahIM ho skegaa||46|| yadi phira karttApana ke samAna karmapane se bhI AtmA kA pratibhAsa ho jAtA hai to usameM koI virodha nahIM hai| virodhAbhAva se AtmA kA pratyakSa artha ho jAtA hai| kintu jJAna to niraMza padArtha hai,ata: virodha hone ke kAraNa vaha jJAna karaNa aura karma donoM nahIM ho sakatA hai| jo artha karma hai vaha karaNa nahIM hai aura jo jJAna karaNa hai vaha karma nahIM ho sakatA hai| mImAMsakoM aisI ceSTA hone para jaina kahate haiM ki isa prakAra se AtmA bhI kartA aura karma na ho sakeMge kyoMki niraMza AtmA meM karttApana aura karmapana do viruddha dharma nahIM Thahara sakate haiM ataH AtmA kA bhI pratyakSajJAna nahIM ho sakegA, apratyakSa hI rhegaa| . prabhAkara mImAMsaka ko AtmA kA pratyakSa na honA iSTa hai ata: ve kahate haiM ki AtmA apratyakSa hI banI rho| granthakAra kahate haiM ki yaha mata bhI prAyaH pUrva prakaraNoM meM khaNDita kara diyA gayA hai| yahA~ phira isakA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| ataH AtmA ke samAna usa AtmA kA vijJAna bhI pratyakSarUpa se avasthita hai arthAt sabhI jJAna sva ko jAnane meM pratyakSarUpa haiN||47|| AtmA pratyakSa nahIM hai| isa prakAra ke mata ko upayoga svarUpa AtmA kI siddhi karane vAle Adya prakaraNa meM nirasta kara cuke haiM ata: phira usa AtmA ke apratyakSapane kA nirAsa nahIM karate haiN| bhAvArtha : pahile sUtra ke prakaraNa meM "kartRrUpatayAvitteH" se lekara "kathaMcidupayogAtmA" isa vArttika taka mImAMsakoM ke prati AtmA kA pratyakSa honA siddha kara diyA gayA hai ataH kathaMcit pratyakSarUpa hI AtmA svIkAra karanA caahie| usakA vijJAnarUpa pariNAma bhI pratyakSa hai| isa prakAra vyavasthA karanA zreSTha hai kyoMki isameM pratItiyoM kA atikramaNa nahIM hai| pramiti ke janaka jJAna ko karaNajJAna kahate haiM aura usa karaNajJAna se utpanna hue adhigama ko phalajJAna mAnate haiN| AtmA meM utpanna phalajJAna kA svayaM pratyakSa ho jAtA hai kintu karaNajJAna dUsare prakAra kA hai arthAt karaNajJAna kA pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra prabhAkaroM kA darzana to apane hI iSTatattvoM kA vyAghAta karane vAlA hai kyoMki jaise AtmA meM karmapane se paricchitti hone kA abhAva hai, ata: AtmA kA pratyakSa honA nahIM mAnA hai vaise hI AtmA ke phalajJAna kI bhI yadi karmapane se jJapti nahIM hotI hai, aisA mAnA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 32 karmatvena paricchitterabhAvo hyAtmano ythaa| phalajJAnasya tadvaccetkutastasya samakSatA // 49 // tatkarmatvaparicchittau phalajJAnAMtaraM bhavet / tatrApyevamato na syAdavasthAnaM kvacitsadA // 50 // phalatvena phalajJAne pratIte cetsamakSatA / karaNatvena tadjJAne kartRtvenAtmanISyatAm // 51 // tathA ca na parokSatvamAtmano na proksstaa| karaNAtmani vijJAne phalajJAnatvavedinaH // 52 // sAkSAtkaraNajJAnasya karaNatvenAtmani svakartRtvena pratItAvapi na pratyakSatA, phalajJAnasya phalatvena pratItau pratyakSamiti mataM vyAhataM / tataH svarUpeNa spaSTapratibhAsamAnatvAt karaNajJAnamAtmA vA pratyakSaH syAdvAdinAM siddhaH phljnyaanvt|| jAegA taba usa phalajJAna kA pratyakSapanA kaise siddha hogA? yadi phalajJAna pratyakSa hotA hai isalie usa phalajJAna meM bhI karmapane kI paricchitti ho jAtI hai taba to artha ke samAna karmasvarUpa phalajJAna kA adhigama hone rUpa dUsarA phalajJAna mAnanA par3egA aura vaha phalajJAna bhI pratyakSa tabhI ho sakegA jabaki usa phalajJAna ko pramiti kA karma banAyA jaayegaa| isa prakAra vahA~ bhI AkAMkSA zAnta na hone se kahIM dUra calakara bhI sadA avasthAna nahIM hogA ataH anavasthA doSa AyegA // 48-49-50 // ___ yadi anavasthA ke nivAraNa karane ke lie phalajJAna kI karmatva se pratIti ko na mAnakara phalajJAna ke phalapane se hI pratIti ho jAne para pratyakSatA mAna lI jAtI hai to karaNajJAna kI karaNapane se pratIti ho jAne para usakA pratyakSa honA mAna lenA cAhie tathA karttApana se AtmA kI pratIti ho jAne para AtmA kA bhI pratyakSa honA prabhAkaroM ko iSTa kara lenA cAhie arthAt jo karma hai, usakA hI pratyakSa hotA hai, aisA ekAnta nahIM hai / / 51 // tathA AtmA meM parokSapanA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai aura karaNasvarUpa pramANajJAna meM bhI parokSapanA nahIM AtA hai| phalajJAna kA pratyakSavedana mAnane vAle prabhAkara ko AtmA aura karaNajJAna kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa honA abhISTa karanA cAhie, korA Agraha karanA vyartha hai||52|| .. ___ karaNajJAna kI karaNapane se aura AtmA kI karttApana se sAkSAt vizada pratIti hone para bhI una karaNajJAna aura AtmA kA pratyakSa honA nahIM mAnA jAtA hai kintu phalajJAna kI phalapane se pratIti hone para bhI usakA pratyakSa honA pakSapAtavaza mAna liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra prabhAkaroM kA mata vyAghAta doSayukta hai arthAt pramiti kriyA kA karmapanA na hone se yadi pramANAtmaka karaNajJAna aura AtmA pramAtA kA pratyakSa nahIM mAnA jAtA to phalajJAna ko bhI pratyakSa honA nahIM mAnA jAnA cAhie, yadi phalajJAna ko pratyakSa mAnate ho to karaNajJAna aura AtmA ko bhI pratyakSa mAnanA cAhie anyathA vyAghAta doSa AtA hai| phalajJAna ke samAna apane svarUpa kA hI spaSTa pratibhAsa hone ke kAraNa karaNajJAna athavA AtmA syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ pratyakSasvarUpa siddha hai (vahI prabhAkara mImAMsakoM ko anukaraNIya hai)
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 33 jJAnaM jJAnAMtarAdvedyaM svaatmjnyptivirodhtH| prameyatvAdyathA kuMbha ityapyazlIlabhASitam // 53 // jJAnAMtaraM yadA jJAnAdanyasmAttena vidyte| tadAnavasthitiprApteranyathA hyavinizcayAt // 54 // arthajJAnasya vijJAnaM nAjJAtamavabodhakam / jJApakatvAdyathA liMgaM liMgino nAnyathA sthitiH||55|| ____ na hyarthajJAnasya vijJAnaM paricchedakaM kArakaM yenAjJAtamapi jJAnAMtareNa tasya jJApakaM syAt anavasthAparihArAditi ciNtitpraaym|| pradhAnapariNAmatvAt sarvaM jJAnamacetanam / sukhakSmAdivadityeke pratIterapalApinaH // 56 // cetanAtmatayA vitterAtmavatsarvadA dhiyH| pradhAnapariNAmatvAsiddhezzeti nirUpaNAt // 57 // tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmajJAnaM cetnmNjsaa| samyagityadhikArAcca saMmatyAdikabhedabhRt // 58 // jJAna sva aura para donoM kA jAnatA hai| naiyAyikoM kA kahanA hai ki jJAna dUsare jJAna se jAnane yogya hai kyoMki sva ke dvArA sva kI jJapti kA virodha hai tathA jJAna prameya hai, jo prameya hotA hai vaha dUsare jJAna ke dvArA jAnA jAtA hai| jaise-ghtt| AcArya kahate haiM ki yaha bhI kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jaba dUsare jJAna se prathama jJAna kA saMvedana honA mAnA jAegA taba to dUsare jJAna kA bhI tIsare jJAna se vedana mAnA jaayegaa| isa prakAra, saMvedana jJAnoM kI AkAMkSA bar3hane se anavasthA doSa kI prApti hotI hai anyathA yAnI anavasthA doSa ke nivAraNArtha tIsare, cauthe Adi jJAnoM se vizeSa rUpa se nizcaya bhI nahIM ho sakatA // 53-54 // -__ajJAta vijJAna arthajJAna kA bodhaka nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki vaha jJApaka hetu hai, arthAt jJAta dhUma hetu agnisAdhya kA jJApaka hai| sabhI jJApaka jJAta hote hue hI anya jJeyoM ke jJApaka hote haiM jaise liMgI ke liNg| anya prakAra se vyavasthA nahIM hai ataH anavasthA doSa ho jAne se jJAna dUsare jJAnoM se vedya nahIM hai, kintu svasaMvedya hai, aisA jAnanA caahie||55|| arthajJAna ko jAnane vAlA dUsarA vijJAna koI kAraka hetu to nahIM hai, jisase ki tIsare Adi jJAnoM se jJAta nahIM hotA huA bhI pahile arthajJAna kA jJApaka ho jAtA aura naiyAyikoM ke yahA~ Ane vAlI anavasthA kA parihAra ho jAtA kintu jJAna, zabda, liMga Adi to jJApaka hetu haiN| kAraka hetuoM ko jAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| arthAt kAraka hetu ajJAta hokara bhI kArya nimagna rahate haiN| kintu jJApaka hetu jJAnAntara se jJAta hue hI jJApaka ho sakate haiM / inako hama pUrva prakaraNoM meM kaha cuke haiN| ___sampUrNajJAna acetana hai, satvaguNa, rajoguNa aura tamoguNa kI sAmya avasthArUpa prakRti kA pariNAmapanA hone se| sukha, duHkha, moha, pRthvI, jala Adi ke samAna aisA kahane vAle bhI pratIti kA apalApa kara rahe haiM, kyoMki AtmA ke samAna jJAna kA sadA cetanapane se saMvedana ho rahA hai ataH pradhAna kA pariNAmapanA jJAna meM asiddha hai (aura asiddha hetvAbhAsa sAdhya ko siddha nahIM kara pAtA hai| vastuta: jJAna to AtmA kA pariNAma hai jJAna aura caitanya eka hI hai) ina bAtoM kA hama pahile sUtra ke prakaraNa meM nirUpaNa kara cuke haiN| apane aura para artha ko nizcaya svarUpa se jAnane vAlA jJAna sAkSAt cetanasvarUpa hai| tathA samyak (usa pada) kA adhikAra cale Ane ke kAraNa samyak mati, samyak zruta Adi bhedoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA jJAna hai| arthAt apane aura artha ko eka hI samaya meM jAnane vAle mati Adi pA~ca caitanya rUpa jJAna haiN||5657-58||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 34 ttprmaanne||10|| kutaH punaridamabhidhIyate - svarUpasaMkhyayoH kecitpramANasya vivaadinH| tatpratyAha samAsena vidadhattadvinizcayam // 1 // tadeva jJAnamAstheyaM pramANaM neNdriyaadikm| pramANe eva tad jJAnaM naikatryAdipramANavit // 2 // pramANaM hi saMkhyAvanirdiSTamatra tattvasaMkhyAvadvivacanAnta pryogaat| tatra tadeva matyAdipaMcabhedaM samyagjJAnaM pramANamityekaM vAkyamiMdriyAdyacetanavyavacchedena prmaannsvruupniruupnnprN| tanmatyAdijJAnaM paMcavidhaM pramANe eveti dvitIyamekatryAdisaMkhyAMtaravyavacche dena saMkhyAvizeSavyavasthApanapradhAnamityataH sUtrAtpramANasya svarUpasaMkhyAvivAdanirAkaraNapura:saranizcayavidhAnAt idamabhidhIyata eva // isa prakAra zrI umA svAmI AcArya una jJAnoM ke vidheya aMza ko dikhalAne ke lie sUtra kahate haiM - ve pA~ca prakAra ke jJAna hI pramANa haiN||10|| yaha sUtra kisa kAraNa kahA jA rahA hai? aisI jijJAsA hone para zrI vidyAnanda AcArya kahate haiN| pramANa ke svarUpa aura saMkhyA meM koI prativAdI vivAda kara rahe haiM, unake prati usa pramANa ke svarUpa aura saMkhyA kA saMkSepa se vizeSa nizcaya karAne ke lie AcArya umA svAmI ne 'tatpramANe' sUtra kA kathana kiyA hai arthAt tat zabda se pA~ca samIcIna jJAna hI pramANa haiN| yaha to pramANa kA lakSaNa hai aura 'pramANe' isa dvivacana se pramANa pratyakSa aura parokSarUpa hai, yaha pramANa kI saMkhyA kA nirNaya hai| isa prakAra evakAra lagAne se indriya sannikarSa Adi pramANa nahIM haiM, yaha vizvAsa kara lenA cAhie tathA yaha bhI ki ve jJAna do hI pramANarUpa haiN| eka, tIna, cAra Adi pramANoM ke na hone kI saMvitti kara lenA cAhie // 1-2 // arthAt isa sUtra meM yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki jJAna hI pramANa hai, sannikarSa Adi pramANa nahIM hai aura usa jJAna ke do bheda haiM pratyakSa aura prokss| isa sUtra meM tattvoM kI saMkhyA ke samAna saMkhyA vAle pramANa kA kathana kiyA hai| (kyoMki napuMsaka liMga meM pramANazabda kA prathamA ke dvivacana au' vibhakti ko anta meM lagAe hue pramANa pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai) vahI mati Adi pA~ca bheda vAle samyagjJAna pramANa haiN| isa prakAra pUrva pada meM eva lagAkara eka vAkya banAnA cAhie jo indriya-sannikarSa, jJAtRvyApAra Adi acetana padArthoM kA vyavaccheda karake pramANa ke svarUpa ko nirUpaNa karane meM tatpara hai| tathA ve mati Adi pA~ca prakAra ke jJAna do bheda rUpa hI haiN| isa prakAra, uttara pada meM eva lagAkara dUsarA vAkya banAnA jo ki cArvAka, sAMkhya Adi ke dvArA mAnI gayI eka, tIna, cAra, pA~ca Adi anya saMkhyAoM kA nirAkaraNa karake vizeSa saMkhyA kI vyavasthA karAne kA pradhAna kArya kara rahA hai ata: isa sUtra dvArA pramANa ke svarUpa aura saMkhyA meM par3e hue vivAdoM ke nirAkaraNapUrvaka pramANa ke svarUpa kA nizcaya aura saMkhyA kA vidhAna kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt ukta donoM kArya isa sUtra se hI ho sakate haiM, anyathA nhiiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 35 nanu pramIyate yena pramANaM taditIraNam / pramANalakSaNasya syAdidriyAdeH pramANatA // 3 // tatsAdhakatamatvasyAvizeSAttAvatA sthitiH| prAmANyasyAnyathA jJAnaM pramANaM sakalaM na kim // 4 // iMdriyAdipramANamiti sAdhakatamatvAtsupratItau vizeSaNa jJAnavat yatpunarapramANaM tanna sAdhakatamaM yathA prameyamacetanaM cetanaM vA zazadharadvayavijJAnamiti pramANatvena sAdhakatamatvaM vyAptaM na punarjJAnatvamajJAnatvaM vA tayoH sadbhAvepi pramANatvAnizcayAditi kshcit|| / tatredaM ciMtyate tAvadiMdriyaM kimu bhautikm| cetanaM vA prameyasya paricchittau pravartate // 5 // na tAvadbhautikaM tasyAcetanatvAd ghaTAdivat / mRtadravyeMdriyasyApi tatra vRttiprsNgtH||6|| pramiti pramANa hai, aise sarvathA ekAnta kA khaNDana evaM kathaMcit pramANa, prameya, pramiti aura pramAtA ke ekapane kI siddhi : zaMkA : jisase pramA kI jAya vaha pramANa hai, jisake dvArA padArtha jAne jAte haiM usako pramANa kahate haiM, aisA lakSaNa karanA upayukta hai, jisase indriya, sannikarSa Adi kA pramANapanA siddha ho jAtA hai| jJAna ke samAna indriya Adi ke bhI usa jJaptikriyA kA prakRSTa upakAraka rUpa sAdhakatamapanA avizeSa rUpa se avasthita hai| pramiti ke sAdhakatamapane se hI pramANapane kI sthiti hai; usa se hI pramANa lakSaNa kI paripUrNatA ho jAtI hai| anyathA pramANa ke lakSaNa meM yadi jJAna ko rakha diyA jAyegA to sabhI saMzaya Adi jJAna bhI kyoM nahIM pramANa hoMge ? arthAt-sakalajJAna pramANa ho jAyeMge // 3-4 // indriya, sannikarSa Adi pramANa haiN| samIcIna pratIti karane meM prakRSTa upakAraka hone se, jaise ki vizeSaNa kA jJAna vizeSya kI pramiti karAne meM sAdhakatama ho jAne se pramANa mAnA gayA hai| jo pramANa nahIM hai, vaha pramA kA sAdhakatama bhI nahIM hai| jaise ghaTa Adi jar3a prameya hai| athavA eka candramA meM candradvaya kA jJAna cetana hotA huA bhI pramANa nahIM hai| isa prakAra pramANapane se pramiti kA sAdhakatamapanA vyApta hai, kintu jJAnapanA athavA ajJAnapanA vyApta nahIM hai kyoMki unake vidyamAna hone para bhI pramANapane kA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai arthAt saMzaya, viparyaya ye jJAna to haiM, kintu pramANa nahIM haiM aura jar3a ghaTa, paTa Adi ajJAnarUpa bhI kisI ke dvArA pramANa nahIM mAne gaye haiN| aisA koI prativAdI kaha rahA hai| ___samAdhAna : yahA~ para jainAcArya isakA vicAra karate haiM ki paudgalika indriyA~ prameya kI paricchitti karane meM pravartta hotI haiM athavA AtmA kA pariNAmarUpa cetana indriyA~ prameya kI paricchitti meM sAdhakatama haiM? prathamapakSa ke anusAra paudgalika cakSu Adi indriyA~ to pramA kI karaNa nahIM haiN| kyoMki ve paTa Adi jar3a padArthoM ke samAna acetana haiN| (acetana padArtha to paricchitti kA karaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai|) anyathA mRtapuruSa kI jar3adravyasvarUpa indriyoM ko bhI paricchitti ke karAne meM pravRtta hone kA prasaMga AyegA // 5-6 / /
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 36 pramAtrAdhiSThitaM taccettatra varteta naanythaa| kiM na svApAdyavasthAyAM tadadhiSThAnasiddhitaH // 7 // AtmA prytnvaaNstsyaadhisstthaanaannaaprytnkH| svApAdAviti cetkoyaM prayatno nAma dehinaH // 8 // prameye pramitAvAbhimukhyaM caitadacetanam / yadyakiMcitkaraM tatra paTavat kimapekSate // 9 // cetanaM caitadevAstu bhAveMdriyamabAdhitam / yatsAdhakatamaM vittau pramANaM svArthayoriha // 10 // .. etenaivottaraH pakSaH ciMtitaH sNprtiiyte| tato nAcetanaM kiMcitpramANamiti saMsthitam // 11 // pramIyate'neneti pramANamiti karaNasAdhanatvavivakSAyAM sAdhakatamaM pramANamityabhimatameva anyathA tasya krnntvaayogaat| kevalamarthapramitau sAdhakatamatvamevAcetanasya kasyacinna saMbhAvayAma iti bhAveMdriyaM cetanAtmakaM sAdhakatamatvAt pramANamupagacchAmaH / na caivamAgamavirodhaH prasajyate, "labdhyupayogau bhAveMdriyaM" iti vacanAt upayogasyArthagrahaNasya prmaanntvopptteH|| pramiti ke kartA AtmA se adhiSThita hokara ve indriyA~ usa pramANarUpa kArya kI karane kI pravRtti karatI haiM anyathA (yAnI pramAtA ke adhikAra meM prApta hue binA) ve padArthoM ko jAnane ko pravRtta nahIM hotii| jaise mRta zarIra meM rahane vAlI indriyoM kI adhiSThAtA AtmA nahIM hai ata: ve paricchittirUpa kArya ko nahIM karatI haiN| aisA hai, to svapna, mUrchA Adi avasthAoM meM usa AtmA ke adhiSThAtApana kI siddhi hai phira bhI usa avasthA meM indriyA~ paricchitti ko kyoM nahIM karatI haiM? yadi kaho ki buddhipUrvaka prayatna karane vAlI AtmA unakA adhiSThApaka hai, svapna Adi meM prayatna rahita AtmA adhiSThAtA nahIM banatI hai,ata: mUrchA Adi avasthA meM indriyA~ adhiSThAtA ke puruSArtha binA pramiti kArya ko nahIM karatI haiM to zarIradhArI AtmA kA yaha prayatna kyA hai ? vastu, prameya viSaya meM pramiti ko utpanna karane meM AtmA kA abhimukhapanA yadi prayatna hai, taba to yaha abhimukhapanA acetana hai| paTa ke samAna acetana padArtha usa paricchitti kriyA meM kucha bhI na karane se akiMcitkara hai vaha akiMcitkara acetana kyoM apekSaNIya hogA? ___ yadi AtmA meM pramiti ke nimitta abhimukhapanA cetana hai taba to yaha cetana padArtha hI bAdhArahita bhAva indriya hai, jo ki cetana svarUpa, bhAva indriyA~ yahA~ sva aura artha kI pramA karane meM sAdhakatama huI haiM ataH pramANa haiN| (isase cetana ko hI pramANa mAnane vAlA jaina siddhAnta puSTa hotA hai)||7-8-9-10|| ___ukta kathana se hI (yAnI cetana pariNAma ko hI pramANapana kI puSTi kara dene se) dUsarA pakSa bhI vicArita kara diyA gayA hai, aisA jAnanA cAhie ata: koI bhI acetana padArtha pramANa nahIM hai, yaha siddhAnta siddha hotA hai||11|| ____jisake dvArA pramiti kI jAtI hai vaha pramANa hai| isa prakAra karaNa meM anaT pratyaya kara siddha kiye gaye karaNa sAdhanatva kI vivakSA hone para vaha pramiti kriyA kA prakRSTa upakAraka sAdhakatama pramANa abhimata hI hai| anyathA pramiti kA sAdhakatama na mAnane para usakA karaNapanA karanA yukta nahIM hotA hai| kevala yaha vizeSa hai ki padArthoM kI pramiti karane meM kisI bhI acetana padArtha ko sAdhakatamapanA hI hamArI saMbhAvanA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 37 arthagrahaNayogyatvamAtmanazcetanAtmakam / sannikarSaH pramANaM naH kathaMcitkena vAryate // 12 // tathApariNato hyAtmA pramiNoti svayaM svbhuH| yadA tadApi yujyeta pramANaM kartRsAdhanam // 13 // saMnikarSaH pramANamityetadapi na syAdvAdinA vAryate kathaMcittasya pramANatvopagame virodhAbhAvAt / puMso'rthagrahaNayogyatvaM sannikarSo na punaH sNyogaadirissttH| na hyarthagrahaNayogyatApariNatasyAtmanaH pramANatve kazcidvirodha: kartRsAdhanasya pramANasya tathaiva ca ghttnaat| pramAtrAtmakaM ca sa eva pramANamiti cet , pramAtRpramANayoH kthNcittaadaatmyaat|| pramAtA bhinna evAtmapramANAdyasya drshne| tasyAnyAtmA pramAtA syAt kinna bhedaavishesstH||14|| meM nahIM A rahA hai ataH pramA kA sAdhakatamapanA hone ke kAraNa cetanasvarUpa bhAva indriyoM ko hama pramANa svIkAra karate haiN| isa prakAra mAnane para Agama se virodha Ane kA koI prasaMga nahIM AtA hai kyoMki kSayopazama se utpanna huI vizuddhirUpa labdhi aura usase utpanna huA nirAkAra darzana aura sAkAra jJAnasvarUpa upayoga ye bhAva indriyA~ haiM, aisA umAsvAmI mahArAja kA vacana hai| arthoM ko vikalpasahita grahaNa karane rUpa jJAna upayoga ko pramANapanA siddha hai| AtmA kI cetanasvarUpa arthagrahaNa yogyatA yadi sannikarSa hai to yaha sannikarSa hama jainoM ke yahA~ pramANa hai| isa sannikarSa kA kisI bhI prakAra se kisI ke dvArA kyA nivAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai? nahIM kiyA jA sakatA tathA jaba artha ko grahaNa karane kI yogyatArUpa pariNati se pariNamana karatI huI AtmA svayaM svataMtra samartha hokara jAna rahI hai, taba bhI kartA meM anaT pratyaya kara sAdhA gayA pramANa cetanasvarUpa ho jAtA hai, arthAt svataMtra vivakSA meM kartR sAdhana hotA hai||12-13|| sannikarSa pratyakSa pramANa hai yaha mata bhI syAdvAdiyoM ke dvArA khaNDana nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| kisI apekSA usa sannikarSa ko pramANapana svIkAra karane meM hameM virodha nahIM AtA hai| AtmA kI artha ko grahaNa karane kI yogyatA hI to sannikarSa hai, parantu vaizeSikoM ke dvArA mAne gaye saMyoga, samavAya Adi sannikarSa abhISTa nahIM haiN| jisa samaya AtmA artha ke grahaNa karane kI yogyatArUpa pariNAma karatA hai, aisI AtmA ke pramANapana ho jAne meM koI virodha nahIM hai| kartR sAdhana pramANa bhI isI prakAra ghaTita hotA hai| zaMkA : pramAtA AtmA hai, vahI pramANa hai aisA kahA gayA hai| arthAt padArthoM ko jAnane vAlA AtmA hI pramANa hai aisA kahane para jJAna pramANa kaise ho sakatA hai ? samAdhAna : AcArya kahate haiM ki pramAtA aura pramANa meM kisI apekSA se tAdAtmya sambandha hai| arthAt arthagrahaNa yogyatA pariNati se pariNAma karane vAlI AtmA svaMtatra pramAtA hai aura usakA labdhi aura upayogarUpa pariNAma karaNa rUpa se pramANa hai tathA ajJAnanivRttirUpa pariNati pramiti hai| apane ko jAnate samaya svayaM prameyarUpa bhI hai| . jisa vaizeSika yA naiyAyika ke mata meM pramANa se pramAtA AtmA sabhI prakAra bhinna hI mAnI jAtI hai usake darzana meM dUsarI AtmA pramAtA kyoM na hogI, kyoMki bheda meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai||14||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*38 pramANaM yatra saMbaddhaM sa pramAteti cenna kim / kAyaH saMbaddhasadbhAvAttasya tena kathaMcana // 15 // pramANaphalasaMbaMdhI pramAtaitena duussitH| saMyuktasamavAyasya siddheH prmitikaayyoH||16|| jJAnAtmakapramANena pramityA cAtmanaH prH| samavAyo na yujyeta taadaatmyprinnaamtH||17|| tato nAtyaMtiko bhedaH pramAtuH svprmaanntH| svArthanirNItarUpAyAH pramitezca phlaatmnH||18|| tathA ca yuktimatproktaM pramANaM bhaavsaadhnm| satopi zaktibhedasya paryAyArthAdanAzrayAt // 19 // sarvathA pramAtuH pramitipramANAbhyAmabhedAdevaM tadvibhAga: kalpitaH syAnna punarvAstava iti na maMtavyaM, kathaMcidbhedopagamAt / sarvathA tasya tAbhyAM bhedAdupacaritaM pramAtuH pramitipramANatvaM na tAttvikamityapi na maMtavyaM kthNcittdbhedsyaapiisstteH| tathAhi - jisa AtmA meM samavAya sambandha se pramANa kahA gayA hai, vaha pramAtA hai anya jinadatta yA manuSya Adi pramAtA nahIM haiM, isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki usa jJAna kA zarIra ke sAtha bhI kisI apekSA svAzrayasaMyogasambandha vidyamAna hai aisI dazA meM vaha zarIra hI pramAtA kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt avazya hogA // 15 // isa ukta kathana se pramANa aura phala donoM kA sambandhI AtmA pramAtA hai| yaha bhI pakSa dUSita hai kyoMki pramiti aura kAya ke bhI saMyukta-samavAya sambandha siddha hai| arthAt - kAya dravya kA Atmadravya ke sAtha saMyoga hai aura kAyasaMyukta AtmA meM pramiti kA samavAya hai ataH pramiti kA sambandha mAnane para zarIra ke pramAtA bana jAne kA nivAraNa vaizeSika nahIM kara sakate haiN||16|| athavA jJAnAtmaka pramANa aura pramiti ke sAtha AtmA kA tAdAtmya pariNAmarUpa sambandha se bhinna koI samavAyasambandha yukta nahIM hai arthAt tadAtmaka pariNati ke atirikta koI samavAya siddha nahIM hai||17|| pramAtA kA apane pramANa se sarvathA bheda nahIM hai| apanA aura artha kA nirNaya karanA rUpa phalasvarUpa pramiti kA bhI pramAtA ke sAtha atyantarUpa se bheda nahIM hai tathA isI kathana se bhAvasAdhana pramANa ko bhI yukti sahita siddha kara diyA gayA hai| vidyamAna bhI bhinna-bhinna zaktiyoM kA paryAyArthika naya se Azraya nahIM karane ke kAraNa zuddhapramiti hI pramANa ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra vivakSA ke vaza pramANa, pramAtA, pramiti aura prameya saba eka ho jAte haiM // 18-19 / / zaMkA : pramiti aura pramANa ke sAtha pramAtA kA sarvathA abheda mAnane para unakA pramiti, pramANa aura pramAtArUpa se vibhAga karanA bhI kalpita hI hogA, vAstavika nahIM ? samAdhAna : aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki syAdvAda meM sarvathA abheda nahIM mAnA gayA hai, apitu kathaMcit bheda svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ata: pramiti, pramANa aura pramAtA tIna pRthak-pRthak vibhAga haiN| zaMkA : AtmA kA una pramiti aura pramANa ke sAtha sarvathA bheda ho jAne se pramAtA ko hI pramitipanA aura pramANapanA upacarita hai, pramAtA ko pramiti yA pramANa se tadAtmakapanA vAstavika nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 39 syAtpramAtA pramANaM syAtpramiti: svaprameyavat / ekAMtAbhedabhedau tu pramAtrAdigatau kva nH||20|| ekasyAnekarUpatve virodhopi na yujyte| mecakajJAnavatprAyazciMtitaM caitadaMjasA // 21 // yathaiva hi mecakajJAnasyaikasyAnekarUpamaviruddhamabAdhitapratItyA rUDhatvAt tathAtmanopi tadavizeSAt / na hyayamAtmArthagrahaNayogyatApariNataH sannikarSAkhyaM pratipadyamAnoprabAdhapratItyArUDho na bhavati yena kathaMcitpramANaM na syaat| nApyayamavyApRtAvastho'rthagrahaNavyApArAMtarasvArthavidAtmako na pratibhAti yena kathaMcitpramitirna bhavet / na cAyaM pramitipramANAbhyAM kathaMcidarthAMtarabhUtaH svataMtro na cakAsti yena pramAtA na syaat|| samAdhAna : yaha bhI nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki kisI apekSA unameM abheda bhI hamako iSTa hai| so hI kahate haiM pramAtA apane ko jAnate samaya jaise svayaM apanA prameya bana jAtA hai, vaise hI vaha pramAtA kathaMcit pramANarUpa bhI hai aura kathaMcit pramitisvarUpa bhI hai| pramAtA, pramiti, pramANa aura prameya meM ekAntarUpa se sarvathA bheda abhedoM ko hamane kahA~ mAnA hai arthAt kahIM bhI nahIM mAnA hai| eka padArtha ko aneka rUpa mAnane meM virodha doSa denA bhI yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki jaise bauddha yA naiyAyikoM dvArA mAne gaye eka citra-jJAna meM aneka nIla, pIta Adi AkAra pratibhAsa hote haiM; usI prakAra eka AtmA meM vAstavika pariNati ke anusAra prameyapana, pramitipana Adi svabhAva bana jAte haiN| isa tattva kI hama pUrva prakaraNa meM vistAra ke sAtha vicAraNA yA vivecana kara cuke haiM / / 20-21 // bAdhA rahita pratIti se aneka svabhAva eka meM ArUr3ha hone se jisa prakAra eka citrajJAna kA aneka svarUpa honA aviruddha hai, usI prakAra eka AtmA ke bhI vaha aneka rUpapanA aviruddha hai| ina donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| tathA arthagrahaNa yogyatArUpa pariNAma se pariNamana karatI huI yaha AtmA sannikarSa isa saMjJA ko prApta karatI huI nirbAdha pratIti se ArUr3ha nahIM ho rahI hai| aisA nahIM hai jisase ki vaha vilakSaNa saMnikarSa rUpa AtmA kathaMcit pramANa na ho| arthAt AtmA kathaMcit pramANa rUpa bhI hai-kyoMki aisI nirbAdha pratIti ho rahI hai| ataH kathaMcit sannikarSa isa saMjJA ko AtmA prApta ho rahI hai| artha grahaNa ke sammukha hone se sannikarSa pramANarUpa AtmA hai| tathA yaha AtmA kriyAtmaka vyApAra rUpa avasthA se rahita hokara anya arthagrahaNarUpa vyApAra meM sva aura artha kI jJapti svarUpa nahIM dekha rahI hai, yaha bhI nahIM samajhanA jisase ki vaha AtmA kathaMcit pramiti rUpa na ho ske| arthAt pramANAtmA hI vizeSa avasthA meM pramitirUpa hai| yaha AtmA pramiti aura pramANa se kathaMcit bhinna svataMtra pratibhAsita nahIM ho rahI hai| yaha bhI nahIM samajhanA jisase ki pramAtA na ho ske| bhAvArtha : AtmA svataMtra kartA, svataMtra pramAtA bhI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *40 saMyogAdi punaryena snnikrsso'bhidhiiyte| tatsAdhakatamatvasyAbhAvAttasyApramANatA // 22 // satIMdriyArthayostAvatsaMyoge nopjaayte| svArthapramitirekAMtavyabhicArasya darzanAt // 23 // kSitidravyeNa saMyogo nayanAderyathaiva hi| tasya vyomAdinApyasti na ca tajjJAnakAraNam // 24 // saMyuktasamavAyazca zabdena saha ckssussH| zabdajJAnamakurvANo rUpaciccakSureva kim // 25 // sNyuktsmvetaarthsmvaayopybhaavyn| zabdatvasya na netreNa buddhiM rUpatvavitkaraH // 26 // zrotrasyAyena zabdena samavAyazca tadvidam / akurvannantyazabdasya jJAnaM kuryAtkathaM tu vaH // 27 // . tasyaivAdimazabdeSa zabdatvena samaM bhvet| samavetasamavAyaM sadvijJAnamanAdivata // 28 // __ sannikarSa ko pramANa mAnane vAle vaizeSika kA khaNDana - jaise vaizeSika ne saMyoga, saMyuktasamavAya, saMyukta-samavetasamavAya, samavAya, samavetasamavAya aura vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAva-ye chaha laukika sannikarSa kahe haiM, tathA sAmAnya lakSaNa, jJAna lakSaNa aura yogaja lakSaNa nAmaka ina tIna alaukika saMnikarSoM kA kathana kiyA hai, una saMnikarSoM ko usa pramA kA sAdhakatamapanA na hone ke kAraNa pramANapanA nahIM hai| kyoMki indriya aura artha kA saMyoga hote hue bhI sva aura artha kI pramA utpanna nahIM hotI hai| ata: ekAntarUpa se sannikarSa ke pramANa kAraNa meM vyabhicAra dekhA jAtA hai| pRthvI dravya ke sAtha cakSu, sparzana Adi indriyoM kA jaisA saMyoga hai, vaisA una cakSu AdikoM kA AkAza, AtmA Adi ke sAtha bhI saMyoga sambandha hai kintu vaha saMyoga una AkAza Adi ke jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM mAnA gayA hai| yaha anvayavyabhicAra hai||2223-24|| ___ yaha sannikarSa sAdhakatama na hone se pramANa nahIM hai kyoMki jahA~-jahA~ sannikarSa ho vaha-vaha pramANa aisA sannikarSa ke sAtha anvaya nahIM hai| cakSu kA zabda ke sAtha saMyukta samavAya sambandha hai parantu vaha saMyukta samavAya sambandha zabda kA jJAna nahIM karatA huA cakSu ke dvArA rUpa kA hI jJAna kyoM kara rahA hai? arthAt jisa prakAra cakSu indriya kA rUpa ke sAtha saMyuktasamavAya nAmakA paramparA-sambandha sannikarSa pramANa hotA huA, rUpajJAna kA kAraNa hai, usI prakAra cakSu kA zabda ke sAtha bhI saMyuktasamavAya sambandha hai kintu vaha saMyuktasamavAya jaba zabda ke cAkSuSa jJAna ko nahIM kara rahA hai, to saMyuktasamavAya dvArA cakSu indriya rUpa jJAna kyoM karAtA hai? isI prakAra cakSu kA rUpatva jAti ke sAtha saMyuktasamavetasamavAya hai| cakSu se saMyukta ghaTa hai, ghaTa meM samavAya sambandha se rUpa rahatA hai aura rUpa meM rUpatva jAti kA samavAya hai ataH cakSu kA rUpatva ke sAtha saMyuktasamavetasamavAya sannikarSa hai| usI ke samAna zabdatva ke sAtha bhI yahI sannikarSa hai| cakSu se saMyukta AkAza hai AkAza meM samaveta zabda hai aura zabdaguNa meM zabdatva jAti kA samavAya hai, phira netra ke dvArA rUpatva kI vitti (jJAna) ke samAna zabdatva kI buddhi ko vaha sannikarSa kyoM nahIM karAtA hai? // 25-26 // cauthA sannikarSa karNavivara meM rahane vAle AkAza-dravyarUpa zrotra kA zabda guNa ke sAtha samavAya sambandha hai, Adi meM uccAraNa kiye gaye zabda ke sAtha hone vAlA samavAya usa prathama uccarita zabda ke jJAna ko na karatA huA, Apa vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ antima zabda ke jJAna ko kaise karA sakegA ? jaba vaizeSikoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*41 aMtyazabdeSu zabdatve jJAnamekAMtataH kthm| vidadhIta vizeSasyAbhAve yaugasya darzane // 29 // tathAgatasya saMyuktavizeSaNatayA dRshaa| jJAnenAdhIyamAnepi smvaayaadivitkutH||30|| yogyatAM kAMcidAsAdya saMyogAdirayaM ydi| kSityAdivittadeva syAttadA saivAstu saMmatA // 31 // svAtmA svAvRtivicchedavizeSasahitaH kvacit / saMvidaM janayanniSTaH prmaannmvigaantH||32|| zaktiriMdriyamityetadanenaiva niruupitN| yogyatAvyatirekeNa sarvathA tadasaMbhavAt // 33 // ke darzana meM aisI koI vizeSatA nahIM hai to phira antima zabdoM meM rahane vAle zabdatva kA hI ekAntarUpa se jJAna vaha sannikarSa kaise karA degA? yahA~ cauthe pA~caveM sannikarSa kA anvayavyabhicAra hai||27-28-29|| isa prakAra ke saMyukta samavAyAdikA netra ke sAtha saMyuktavizeSaNatA sambandha karake jJAna dvArA jAna lene para bhI samavAya, svarUpa, vizeSaNatA Adi uttarottara vRddhiMgata sambandhoM kA jJAna kaise karoge? arthAt jaise ki saMyoga aura samavAya ko sannikarSa dvArA jAnanA Avazyaka hai, vaise hI svarUpasambandha, vizeSaNatA sambandha Adi kA jAnanA bhI vaizeSikoM ko Avazyaka ho jAegA // 30 // bhAvArtha : isa kArikA meM tathAbhAva aura tathAgata do zabda haiN| jaba tathAgata zabda kA artha kiyA jAtA hai taba ghaTagata (ghaTa meM rahane vAle) samavAya ke sAtha cakSu kA saMyukta vizeSaNa sambandha, rUpa meM rahane vAle samavAya ke sAtha saMyukta samaveta vizeSaNa aura rUpatva jAti meM rahane vAle samavAya ke sAtha cakSu kA saMyukta samaveta-samaveta vizeSaNa kA dravya hone se cakSu aura ghaTa kA saMyoga sambandha hai| arthAt cakSu saMyukta ghaTa meM rUpaguNa samavAya se hai| usa rUpa guNa meM rUpatva kA samavAya hai, rUpatva meM pratiyogitA sambandha se samavAya hai usako cakSu indriya kaise grahaNa karatI hai? usameM sthita rasa ko cakSu indriya grahaNa kyoM nahIM karatI hai? yadi tathAbhAva zabda kA artha abhAva aura samavAya ke pratyakSa karAne meM saMyukta vizeSaNatA, saMyukta samaveta vizeSaNatA Adi sannikarSa mAnA jAtA hai to cakSu ke sAtha bhUtala saMyukta hai aura bhUtala meM ghaTa kA abhAva hai| Ama.ke rasa kA samavAya hai rasa meM rUpatva kA abhAva hai ataH cakSa ke dvArA rasa meM saMyukta samaveta vizeSaNatA sannikarSa dvArA rUpatva kA abhAva jAna liyA jAtA hai tathA rUpatva, rasatva Adi meM ghaTa Adi * kA abhAva saMyukta samaveta-samaveta vizeSaNatA sannikarSa se jAna liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra padArthoM kA abhAva samavAya cakSu ke dvArA kaise jAnA jAtA hai? arthAt nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| yadi sannikarSa saMyoga Adi kisI vizeSa yogyatA ko prApta karake pRthvI, jala Adi kA jJAna karAte haiM parantu vaha yogyatA AkAza, rasatva, zabdatva, Adi meM na hone se cakSu indriya ke dvArA unakI pramA nahIM ho pAtI hai| aisA kahate ho taba to hama jaina kaheMge ki vaha yogyatA hI sabako svIkAra karanI caahie| apanI AtmA hI apane jJAnAvaraNa karmoM ke kSayopazama vizeSa se yukta hokara kisI yogya padArtha meM jJAna ko utpanna karAtI hai usI ko nirdoSa pramANabhUta iSTa kiyA gayA hai| mImAMsakoM kI zaktirUpa indriyoM kA bhI isa ukta kathana se hI nirUpaNa kara diyA gayA samajha lenA cAhie kyoMki, yogyatA se atirikta una zaktirUpa indriyoM kI sabhI prakAra se asambhavatA hai vaha yogyatA AtmA kI labdhirUpa pariNati hai| ata: AtmA hI bhAva indriya sahita cakSu AdikoM ke dvArA niyata padArthoM ko jAnatA hai||31-32-33||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 42 sannikarSasya yogyatAkhyasya pramitau sAdhakatamasya pramANavyapadezyaM pratipAdyamAnasya svAvaraNakSayopazamaviziSTAtmarUpatAnirUpaNenaiva shkteH| iMdriyatayopagatAyAssA nirUpitA boddhavyA tasyA yogytaaruuptvaat| tato vyatirekeNa sarvathApyasaMbhavAt snnikrssvt| na hi tadvyatireka: sannikarSaH saMyogAdi: svArthapramitau sAdhakatamaH saMbhavati vyabhicArAt / tatra karaNatvAtsannikarSasya sAdhakatamatvaM tadvadidriyazakterapIticet, kutastatkaraNatvaM? sAdhaka tamatvAditi cet prspraashrydossH| tadbhAvAbhAvayostadvattAsiddheH sAdhakatamatvamityapi na sAdhIyo'siddhatvAt / svArthapramite: sannikarSAdisadbhAvepyabhAvAt, tadabhAvepi ca bhAvAt sarvavidaH / kathaM vA pramAturevaM sAdhakatamatvaM na syaat| na hi tasya bhAvAbhAvayoH pramiterbhAvAbhAvavattvaM nAsti? sAdhAraNasyAtmano nAstyeveti cet saMyogAderidriyasya ca pramiti meM prakRSTa sAdhakatama yogyatA nAmaka sannikarSa ko pramANa ke vyavahAra ko samajhane vAle vAdI ke dvArA svAvaraNa ke kSayopazama se viziSTa AtmasvarUpa nirUpaNa ke dvArA indriyapana se vaha zakti svIkAra kara lI gaI hai, yaha svayameva nirUpaNa kara diyA hai aisA samajha lenA cAhie kyoMki, vaha zakti yogyatA rUpa hI hai| usa yogyatA se bhinna indriya zakti kI sarvathA asambhavatA hai jaise ki yogyatA ke sivAya sannikarSa koI vastu nahIM hai| usa yogyatArUpa sannikarSa se atirikta vaizeSikoM dvArA mAne gae saMyoga saMyuktasamavAya Adi sannikarSa to sva aura artha kI pramA karAne meM sAdhakatama sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki isameM vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai arthAt jo-jo sannikarSa hotA hai vaha vastu ke jJAna karAne meM sAdhakatama ho, aisA niyama nahIM hai| jaise usa pramiti meM karaNa hone ke kAraNa sannikarSa ko sAdhakatamapanA hai| usI ke samAna indriya zaktiyoM ko bhI sAdhakatamapanA hai isa prakAra prativAdiyoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki una donoM meM karaNapanA kaise hai? yadi kriyAsiddhi meM prakaSTa sAdhakatama hone se karaNapanA kahoge to anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai kyoMki sAdhakatama hone se karaNapanA aura karaNapane se kriyA kA sAdhakatamapanA siddha hotA hai| anyonyAzraya ke nivAraNArtha usa karaNa ke hone para usa kArya kA honA aura na hone para utpanna nahIM hone kI siddhi se sAdhakatamapanA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki saMyoga Adi sannikarSa aura indriya zakti kA sva aura artha kI pramiti ke sAtha anvaya aura vyatireka siddha nahIM hai| AtmA, rasa, rasatva Adi ke sAtha cakSu kA saMyoga, saMyuktasamavAya, saMyuktasamavetasamavAya, sannikarSAdi hone para bhI athavA indriya zakti ke vidyamAna hone para bhI sva aura artha kI pramiti ho jAne kA abhAva hai| tathA bhUta, bhaviSya, dUravartI Adi padArthoM ke sAtha sarvajJa kI indriyoM kA una saMyoga Adi sannikarSoM ke nahIM hote hue bhI sarvajJa ke sva aura artha kI pramiti kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| (isalie sannikarSa pramANa meM anvaya vyabhicAra aura vyatireka vyabhicAra doSa Ate haiN|) athavA karaNa ke bhAva aura abhAva se kArya ke bhAva abhAva ho jAne se hI yadi karaNapanA vyavasthita hai to pramAtA AtmA ko sAdhakatamapanA kyoM nahIM hotA hai? arthAt svataMtrakarttA hone se AtmAsvarUpa kAraNa ke sAtha bhI svArthapramiti kA anvaya vyatireka bana jAtA hai| usa AtmA svarUpa kAraNa ke hone para pramiti
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 43 sAdhAraNasya sA kimasti? tasyAsAdhAraNasyAstyeveti cet, AtmanopyasAdhAraNasyAstu / pramAtuH kimasAdhAraNatvamiti cet, sannikarSAdeH kim? viziSTapramitihetutvameveti cet, pramAturapi tdev| tasya satatAvasthAyitvAt / sarvapramitisAdhAraNakAraNatvasiddherna saMbhavatIti cet, tarhi kAlAMtarasthAyitvAtsaMyogAderidriyasya ca tatsAdhAraNakAraNatvaM kathaM na siddhyet? tadasaMbhavanimittaM yadA pramityutpattau vyApriyate tadaiva sannikarSAdi tatkAraNaM nAnyadA ityasAdhAraNamiti cet tarhi yadAtmA tatra vyApriyate tadaiva tatkAraNaM nAnyadA ityasAdhAraNo heturstu| tathA sati tasyA nityatvApattiriti cet no doSoyaM, kathaMcittasyA nityatvasiddheH snnikrssaadivt| sarvathA kasyacinnityatve'rthakriyAvirodhAdityuktaprAyaM // kA sadbhAva, usa AtmA ke abhAva hone para pramiti kA abhAva nahIM hai? aisA bhI nahIM hai| kintu AtmA ke bhAva abhAva hone para pramiti kA bhAva abhAvapanA hai| yadi kaho ki sAdhAraNarUpa se AtmA ke bhAva abhAva hone para pramiti kA bhAva abhAva nahIM hai to kyA jisa saMyoga samavAya, Adi sannikarSa aura koI bhI indriya ina sAdhAraNa kAraNoM kA jJAna ke sAtha vaha bhAva abhAvarUpa anvaya vyatireka bhAva hai? yadi kaho ki viziSTa sannikarSa aura asAdhAraNa indriyoM kA arthapramiti ke sAtha bhAva abhAvapanA hai to viziSTa asAdhAraNa AtmA ke sAtha bhI pramiti kA bhAva abhAvapanA ho sakatA hai, to punaH AtmA bhI pramiti kA asAdhAraNa karaNa kyoM nahIM hogI? arthAt avazya hogii| pramAtA AtmA ke asAdhAraNapanA kyA hai? isa prakAra pUchane para hama bhI prazna kara sakate haiM ki sannikarSa, indriyavRtti Adi ke bhI asAdhAraNapanA kyA hai? yadi vaizeSika kahe ki pramiti kA vizeSoM se sahita hetupanA-hI sannikarSa Adi kI asAdhAraNatA hai, taba to pramitikartA AtmA kA bhI asAdhAraNapanA vahI (yAnI pramiti kA viziSTa hetupanA hI) hai| yadi vaizeSika yA mImAMsaka kaheM ki vaha nitya AtmA sarvadA avasthita rahatI hai| ata: usake sampUrNa anumiti, upamiti, zabdabodharUpa pramitiyoM kA sAdhAraNarUpa se kAraNapanA siddha hone se pramAtA ko asAdhAraNa kAraNapanA saMbhava nahIM hai (viziSTa kriyA ko karane vAlA vizeSa samayavartI padArtha hI karaNa hotA hai) kyoMki, kriyA ke atirikta adhika dera taka rahane vAlA sAdhAraNa kAraNa ho jAtA hai, taba to bahuta dera taka Thaharane vAle hone se saMyoga Adi sannikarSa aura indriya ko bhI usa pramA kA sAdhAraNakAraNapanA kyoM nahIM siddha hogA? jo usa asAdhAraNa kAraNapane ke asambhava sAdhAraNapane kA nimitta hai| yadi vaizeSika kahe ki jaba pramiti kI utpatti meM sannikarSa Adi vyApAra karate haiM tabhI ve usake kAraNa mAne jAte haiN| anya samayoM meM rahane vAle kAlAntara sthAyI sannikarSa Adi kAraNa nahIM haiM ata: sannikarSa aura indriyoM meM asAdhAraNakAraNapanA hai to hama jaina bhI kaha sakate haiM ki nitya AtmA jisa samaya usa pramiti ko utpanna karane meM vyApAra kara rahI hai, taba vaha pramA kA kAraNa hai| anya samayoM meM vaha nitya AtmA kAraNa nahIM hai| ataH sannikarSa Adi ke samAna AtmA bhI asAdhAraNa kAraNa hotA hai| yadi kaho ki aisA mAna lene para AtmA ke anityapane kA prasaMga hogA to hama jaina kahate haiM ki yaha AtmA ke anitya ' ho jAne kA praMsaga koI doSayukta nahIM hai| kyoMki, pariNAmI AtmA ko sannikarSa Adi ke samAna kathaMcit
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*44 pramANaM yena sArUpyaM kathyate'dhigatiH phlm| sannikarSaH kutastasya na prmaanntvsNmtH||34|| sArUpyaM pramANamasyAdhigatiH phalaM saMvedanasyArtharUpatAM muktvArthena ghttyitumshkteH| nIlasyedaM saMvedanamiti nirAkArasaMvidaH kenacitpratyAsattiviprakarSAsiddheH sarvArthena ghaTanaprasakteH srvaikvednaaptteH| karaNAde: sarvArthasAdhAraNatvena tatpratiniyamanimittatAnupapatterityapi yenocyate tasya sannikarSaH pramANamadhigatiH phalaM tasmAdatareNArthaghaTanAsaMbhavAt / sAkArasya samAnArthasakalavedanasAdhAraNatvAt kenacitpratyAsattiviprakarSe'siddhe sakalasamAnArthena ghaTanaprasakteH sarvasamAnArthaikavedanApatteH, tadutpatteriMdriyAdinA vybhicaaraaniyaamktvaayogaat| anityapanA siddha hai| sarvathA AtmA Adi kisI ko bhI nityapanA mAnane para arthakriyA hone kA virodha AtA hai| isa bAta ko pUrva meM hama kaI bAra kaha cuke haiN| jisa bauddha ke dvArA jJAna kA artha ke AkAra ho jAnA pramANa kahA gayA hai aura artha kI adhigati pramANa kA phala mAnA gayA hai, usake dvArA sannikarSa bhI pramANa kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai? arthAt sannikarSa ko bhI pramANa mAnanA cAhie // 34 // bauddha kahate haiM ki jJAna meM artha kA sadRza AkArasahitapanA pramANa hai| arthAt pramANasvarUpa usa tadAkAratA se hI jJAna niyata padArthoM ko jAnatA hai aura padArtha kI jJapti ho jAnA pramANa kA phala hai| jJAna kA artha ke sAtha sambandha karAne ke lie artharUpatA ko chor3akara anya koI samartha nahIM hai (yAnI savikalpaka jJAna artha ke sAtha nirvikalpaka buddhi ko tadAkAratA ke dvArA jor3a detA hai) usa tadAkAratA se artha kI jJapti ho jAtI hai ata: jJAna meM jJeya artha kA par3A huA AkAra hI pramANa hai| yaha nIla kA saMvedana hai ityAdi jJAnoM meM AkAra par3a jAne se hI sambandhayojaka vyavahAra hotA hai| nirAkAra jJAna kA kisI padArtha ke sAtha nikaTapana aura dUrapana ke asiddha ho jAne para sabhI padArthoM ke sAtha usa jJAna kI yojanA hone ke kAraNa sabhI padArthoM kA eka jJAna ho jAne kI Apatti hogI arthAt AkAra rahita jJAna sabhI viSayoM ke jAnane kA adhikArI ho jAyegA kyoMki nirAkAra jJAna ke lie dUravartI, nikaTavartI aura bhUta, bhaviSyat ke sabhI padArtha eka se haiM, kisI ke sAtha koI vizeSa sambandha nahIM hai| aisI dazA meM eka hI jJAna ke dvArA sabhI padArthoM kI jJapti ho jAne para indriya,mana Adi ke jJAna meM sAdhAraNa kAraNa ho jAne se ve usa jJAna kA pratiniyama karAne ke nimitta nahIM bana sakate haiM (ata: ghaTajJAna kA ghaTa hI aura paTajJAna kA paTa hI viSaya hai isakA niyama karane vAlI jJAna meM par3I huI tadAkAratA hI hai|) AcArya kahate haiM ki jisa bauddha ne yaha kahA hai, usake yahA~ sannikarSa pramANa aura adhigati usakA phala hai kyoMki usa sannikarSa ke binA artha ke sAtha jJAna kA jur3anA asambhava hai| (parantu bauddha sannikarSa ko pramANa nahIM mAnatA hai|) tathA tadAkAratA ko sampUrNa samAna arthoM ke jJAna karAne meM sAdhAraNapanA hone ke kAraNa kisI eka hI vivakSita padArtha ke sAtha nikaTapanA aura dUrapanA jaba siddha nahIM hai to sampUrNa hI jJAna arthoM ke sAtha sambandhita ho jAne kA prasaMga ho jAne se sabhI samAna arthoM kA eka jJAna ho jAne kI Apatti aayegii|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 45 tadadhyavasAyasya mithyAtvasamanaMtarapratyayena kutazcit site zaMkhe pItAkArajJAnajanitAkArajJAnasya tajjanmAdirUpasadbhAvepi tatra pramANatvAbhAvAditi kuto na saMmataM / satyapi sannikarSe'rthAdhigaterabhAvAnna pramANamiti cet - sannikarSe yathA stypyaadhigtishuunytaa| sArUpyepi tathA seSTA kSaNabhaMgAdiSu svayam // 35 // yathA cakSurAderAkAzAdibhiH satyapi saMyogAdau sannikarSe tadadhigaterabhAvastathA kSaNakSayasvargaprApaNazaktyAdibhirdAnAdisaMvedanasya satyapi sArUpye tadadhigateH zUnyatA svayamiSTaiva bhAvArtha : bauddha yadi kahe ki hama tadutpatti ko jJAna dvArA niyata vyavasthA karane meM niyAmaka mAnate haiN| arthAt jo jJAna jisa padArtha se utpanna hogA usI ko jAnegA, anya ko nahIM kyoMki jJAna apane utpAdaka kAraNarUpa viSaya ko jAnatA hai| "nAkAraNaM viSayaH" jo jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai vaha jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai| parantu isa kathana meM tadutpatti se indriyoM ke sAtha vyabhicAra AtA hai| kyoMki indriya Adi se vyabhicAra ho jAne ke kAraNa tadutpatti ko niyama karAne kA ayoga hai| tadadhyavasAya jJAna ke bhI niyata padArthoM kI vyavasthA karane meM niyAmakapanA nahIM hai kyoMki zukla zaMkha meM kisI kAraNavaza kAmalaroga vAle puruSa ko prathama hI 'pIlA zaMkha hai' aisA mithyAjJAna huA, usake anantara hI jJAna se utpanna huA dUsarA jJAna huA, jo ki pahale jJAna se utpanna hai| pahile jJAna kA AkAra bhI usameM hai tathA pahile jJAna kA adhyavasAya karane vAlA bhI hai| ata: pahile pIta AkAra ko jAnane vAle jJAna se utpanna hue dUsare pIta AkAra vAle jJAna ke tadutpatti, tadAkAratA aura tadadhyavasAya svarUpa ke vidyamAna hone para bhI usameM pramANatA kA abhAva hai| ataH tadadhyavasAya kA mithyAjJAna ke pIche hone vAle jJAna se vyabhicAra hai| isalie vaha sammata kaise nahIM hai| arthAt sannikarSa pramANa kyoM nahIM hai? . zaMkA : sannikarSa pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki sannikarSa ke hone para bhI artha ke jJAna kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai|.. . samAdhAna : jisa prakAra sannikarSa ke hote hue bhI arthajJapti kI zUnyatA dekhI jAtI hai, usI prakAra kSaNikatva Adi meM tadAkAratA hote hue bhI arthajJapti kA abhAva svayaM bauddhoM ne abhISTa kiyA hai| arthAtjaise vaizeSikoM dvArA mAne gaye sannikarSa anvayavyabhicAra sahita hone se pramA kA kAraNa nahIM haiM vaise hI sArUpya meM bhI anvayavyabhicAra AtA hai kyoMki svalakSaNa vastu kA kSaNikapanA tadAtmaka svarUpa hai ata: svalakSaNa se utpanna hue jJAna meM jaba svalakSaNa kA AkAra par3a gayA hai, to usase abhinna kSaNikapane kA bhI AkAra par3a cukA haiN| aisI dazA meM kSaNikapana kA AkAra hote hue bhI nirvikalpaka jJAna dvArA kSaNikatva kI adhigati honA bauddhoM ne svayaM nahIM mAnA hai||35|| - jisa prakAra cakSu Adi indriyoM kA AkAza, AtmA Adi dravyoM ke sAtha saMyoga sannikarSa vidyamAna hone para bhI una AkAza, Adi kI adhigati hone kA abhAva hai| arthAt cakSu Adi se unakA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| usI prakAra svalakSaNa yA dAtA ke dAna Adi ko jAnane vAle jJAna kA kSaNikatva, svargaprApaNazakti,
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 46 tadAlaMbanapratyayatvepi tasya tcchuunytaavt| "yatraiva janayedenAM tatraivAsya pramANatA" iti vcnaat| tato nAyaM snnikrssvaadinmtishete|| kiM casvasaMvidaH pramANatvaM sArUpyeNa vinA ydi| kiM nArthavedanasyeSTaM pAraMparyasya varjanAt // 36 // sArUpyakalpane tatrApyanavasthoditA na kim| pramANaM jJAnamevAstu tato nAnyaditi sthitam // 37 // svasaMvidaH svarUpe pramANatvaM nAstyevAnyatropacArAdityayuktaM sarvathA mukhyapramANAbhAvaprasaMgAt svmtvirodhaat| prAmANyaM vyavahAreNa zAstraM mohanivartanamiti vacanAt mukhyapramANAbhAve na svamatavirodha: saugatasyeti cet, syAdevaM / yadi mukhyaM pramANamayaM na vadet "ajJAtArthaprakAzo vA svarUpAdhigateH paraM" iti / narakagamanayogyatA Adi ke sAtha tadAkArapanA hote hue bhI una kSaNikatva Adi kI adhigati kA abhAva svayaM bauddhoM ne iSTa hI kiyA hai| bhAvArtha : dAtA ko viSaya karane vAle nirvikalpaka jJAna meM dAna kA AkAra par3a jAne se usakI tadAtmaka svargaprApaNazakti kA bhI AkAra usa jJAna meM par3a cukA hai| phira inako jAnane ke lie dUsare anumAna jJAna kyoM uThAye jAte haiM? arthAt tadAkAratA ke hone para bhI adhigati kI zUnyatA dekhI jAtI hai| jaise unako usa jJAna kA Alambana kAraNa mAnate hue bhI usa adhigati kI zUnyatA hai "jisa viSaya meM nirvikalpa buddhi utpanna hotI hai usa jJAna meM pramANatA hai," yaha bauddha kA vacana hai ata: yaha bauddha sannikarSa ko pramANa kahane vAle vaizeSikoM kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai arthAt bauddha aura vaizeSikoM ke kathana meM koI antara nahIM hai| athavA, tadAkAratA ke binA bhI yadi svasaMvedana ko pramANa mAnate ho to arthajJAna ko bhI tadAkAratA ke binA hI pramANapanA kyoM na mAna liyA jAtA hai ? isameM paramparA parizrama karanA bhI chUTatA hai, kyoMki isameM jJAna aura artha ke bIca meM tadAkAratA kA praveza nahIM hotA hai| yadi svasaMvedana pratyakSa meM bhI jJAna kA AkAra par3anA mAnoge to usako jAnane vAle usake svasaMvedana meM bhI tadAkAratA mAnanI par3egI aura usako bhI jAnane vAle tIsare svasaMvedana meM jJAna kA pratibimba mAnanA pdd'egaa| isa prakAra anavasthA kA udaya kyoM nahIM hogA? avazya hogA ataH jJAna hI pramANa hai usase bhinna sannikarSa, tadAkAratA, indriya Adi pramANa nahIM haiM, yaha nizcita sthita hai||36-37|| bauddha ke dvArA svIkRta saMvedanAdvaita kA khaNDana - ___ svasaMvedana pratyakSa ko jJAna kA svarUpa jAnane meM pramANatA nahIM hai anyatra upacAra hone se arthAt upacAra se hI svasaMvedana pratyakSa pramANa hai| tadAkAratA na hone se vaha mukhya pramANa nahIM mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kahanA bhI yuktirahita hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para mukhya pramANoM ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA aura aisA hone para bauddhoM ko apane mata se virodha AtA hai| pramANapanA koI vAstavika padArtha nahIM hai| kevala vyavahAra se pramANapanA mAna liyA gayA hai tathA zAstra bhI koI niyata pramANa nahIM hai| zAstra kevala moha kI nivRtti kara detA hai, aisA hamAre grantha meM kahA hai ataH mukhya pramANoM ke na mAnane para hamako apane mata se koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| aisA kahane vAle saugata ke prati syAdvAdI kahate haiM ki isa prakAra taba ho sakatA thA yadi yaha bauddha pramANa ko na kahatA kintu
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 47 saMvedanAdvaitAzrayaNAt / tadapi na c| tadityeveti cet na tasya nirsttvaat| kiM cedaM saMvedanaM satyaM pramANameva mRssaastymprmaannN| na hi na pramANaM nApyasatyaM / sarvavikalpAtItatvAt saMvedanameveti cet suvyavasthitaM tattvaM / ko hi sarvathAnavasthitAtkharaviSANAdasya vizeSaH / svayaM prakAzamAnatvamiticet tadyadi paramArthasat pramANatvamanvAkarSati / tato dvayaM saMvedanaM yathAsvarUpe kenacittadatatsvarUpamapi pramANaM tathA hi bahirarthe kiM na bhavet tasya tadvyabhicAriNo niraakrtumshkteH| pAraMparyaM ca parihatameva syAt / saMvidarthayoraMtarAle saaruupysyaaprveshaat| yadi puna: saMvedanasya svarUpasArUpyaM pramANaM sArUpyAdhigatiH phalamiti parikalpyate tadAnavasthoditaiva / tato jJAnAdanyadiMdriyAdisArUpyaM na pramANamanyatropacArAditi sthitaM jJAnaM pramANamiti / / bauddhoM ne to "ajJAta artha kA prakAza karane vAlA aura svarUpa kI adhigati kA utkRSTa kAraNa pramANa tattva mAnA hai|" saMvedanAdvaita kA Azraya karane se vaha mukhya pramANa nahIM hai aura na usa svasaMvedana ko pramANatA hai kevala vaha zuddha saMvedana hI hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki usa saMvedana advaita kA pUrva prakaraNoM meM khaNDana kiyA jA cukA hai| athavA yaha ApakA mAnA huA saMvedana yadi satya hai taba to pramANa hI hogA aura yadi mithyA hokara asatya hai to apramANa hI hai (aisI dazA meM pramANapanA aura apramANapanA kaise miTa sakatA hai?)| pramANapanA, apramANapanA, satyapanA Adi sampUrNa vikalpoM se rahita hone ke kAraNa saMvedana to saMvedana hI hai aura kucha nahIM, isa prakAra advaitavAdiyoM ke kahane para kyA tattva suvyavasthita ho jAtA hai? vasturUpa se sarvathA avyavasthita kharaviSANa se isa advaita saMvedana kA kaunasA antara hai? arthAt-sabhI vikalpoM se rahita saMvedana to khara viSANa ke samAna asat hI hai| yadi kaho ki saMvedana kA svayaM prakAzamAnapanA kharaviSANa se antara DAlane vAlA hai, to vaha saMvedana yadi vAstavika sat hai, taba to pramANapane ko khIMca letA hai ataH advaitavAdiyoM kA vaha anAkAra saMvedana jaise svarUpa meM pramANa hai, usI prakAra anAkAra saMvedana bahiraMga artha ko jAnane meM bhI pramANa kyoM nahIM ho jAtA hai? usase apane AkAra kA samAna arthoM se vyabhicAra rakhane vAle saMvedana kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki isa paramparA dvArA jJAna hone kA bhI parihAra ho hI jAvegA kyoMki jJAna aura artha ke antarAla (madhya) meM tadAkAratA kA praveza nahIM kiyA gayA hai| yadi phira saMvedana ke svarUpa meM jJAna svarUpa kA AkAra pramANa hai aura usa sArUpya kI adhigati honA phala hai, aisI kalpanA karate haiM to anavasthA doSa AtA hai| (arthAt tadAkAratA kI adhigati bhI sAkArajJAna dvArA hogI aura usa sAkArajJAna kI tadAkAratA kA adhigama bhI tadAkAra jJAna se hogaa| isa prakAra niyatavyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai)| tathA, jJAna se bhinna indriya, sannikarSa, tadAkAratA Adi vAstavika pramANa nahIM haiM,apitu upacAra mAtra se pramANa haiM arthAt jJAna dvArA jJapti karAne meM kucha sahakArI ho jAne se indriya aura sannikarSa ko vyavahAra se pramANa kaha diyA jAtA hai, anyathA nhiiN| taba to yaha bAta siddha hai, ki jJAna hI pramANa hai| arthAt jJAna hI hita prApti aura ahita parihAra karAne meM samartha ho sakatA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 48 mithyAjJAnaM pramANaM na smygitydhikaartH| yathA yatrAvisaMvAdastathA tatra pramANatA // 38 // yadi samyageva jJAnaM pramANaM tadA caMdradvayAdivedanaM vAvalyAdau pramANaM kathamuktamiti na codyaM, tatra tasyAvisaMvAdAt samyagetaditi svayamiSTeH / kathamiyamiSTiraviruddheti cet, siddhAMtAvirodhAttathA pratItezca // svArthe matizrutajJAnaM pramANaM dezata: sthitN| avadhyAdi tu kAtsnryena kevalaM sarvavastuSu // 39 // svasminnarthe ca dezato grahaNayogyatAsadbhAvAt matizrutayorna sarvathA prAmANyaM, nApyavadhimana:paryayayo: sarvavastuSu kevalasyaiva tatra prAmANyAditi siddhAMtAvirodha eva "yathA yatrAvisaMvAdastathA tatra pramANatA" iti vacanasya prtyeyH| pratItyavirodhastUcyate - ___ isa sUtra meM samyak kA adhikAra calA A rahA hai ataH saMzaya Adi mithyAjJAna pramANa nahIM haiM kyoMki jisa prakAra jahA~ para avisaMvAda hai, vahA~ usa prakAra pramANapanA vyavasthita hai|||38|| samIcIna jJAna hI yadi pramANa hai to bAvar3I Adi meM pratibimba ke vaza hue do candramA Adi kA jJAna pramANa kaise kaha diyA gayA hai? yaha samIcIna jJAna to nahIM hai isa prakAra kA AkSepa nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki vahA~ usa jJAna kA avisaMvAda hai aura anya vAdiyoM ne bhI yaha jJAna samIcIna hai', isa prakAra vivAda kiye binA svayaM iSTa kara liyA hai| isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| zaMkA : isa prakAra iSTa karanA aviruddha kaise hai? / samAdhAna : eka padArtha ke aneka nimitta milane para nAnA pratibimboM ke par3a jAne meM koI siddhAnta se virodha nahIM AtA hai isa prakAra kI pratIti bhI hotI hai| do candramA kA jJAna bhI kathaMcit pramANa hai, sarvathA nhiiN| matijJAna aura zrutajJAna apane viSaya sva aura artha meM ekadeza se, avadhi aura mana:paryaya apane niyata viSayoM meM pUrNapane se tathA kevalajJAna sampUrNa vastuoM meM pUrNarUpa se vizada hai, ataH pA~coM jJAna pramANabhUta haiN||39|| matijJAna aura zrutajJAna meM apane ko aura artha ko ekadeza se grahaNa karane kI yogyatA vidyamAna haiata: sarvathA unameM prAmANyapanA nahIM hai tathA avadhijJAna aura mana:paryayajJAna meM bhI sabhI prakAroM se pramANatA nahIM hai| sampUrNa vastuoM meM kevalajJAna ko hI sva aura artha ko jAnane meM pramANatA hai arthAt sarva dravyoM aura unakI sarva paryAyoM ko jAnane kI yogyatA kevalajJAna meM hI hai, anya jJAnoM meM nahIM hai ata: jaina siddhAnta se koI virodha nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki jahA~ jisa prakAra avisaMvAda hai, vahA~ usa prakAra pramANatA mAnI jAtI hai, yaha vacana vizvAsa karane yogya hai| arthAt saMkSepa meM yahI kahanA hai ki mati aura zrutajJAna pUrNa aMzoM meM pramANa nahIM haiM, ekadeza se pramANa haiN| tathA avadhi aura manaHparyaya apane niyata viSayoM meM pUrNatA se pramANa haiM kyoMki inakI parataMtratA bahuta ghaTa gaI hai tathA kevalajJAna to kathamapi parAdhIna nahIM hai, ata: yaha sarvAMgarUpa se pramANa hai| jisa prakAra jitane aMzoM meM jJAna kA avisaMvAda ho, usa prakAra utane aMzoM meM pramANatA hai| isa prakAra kI pratIti ke avirodha ko agrimakArikAoM dvArA kahate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 249 anupaplutadRSTInAM cNdraadiprivednm| tatsaMkhyAdiSu saMvAdi na pratyAsannatAdiSu // 40 // tathA grahoparAgAdimAtre zrutamabAdhitam / nAMgulidvitayAdau tanmAnabhede'nyathA sthite // 41 // ___ evaM hi pratIti: sakalajanasAkSikA sarvathA matizrutayoH svArthe pramANatAM haMtIti tayA tdettprmaannmbaadhm|| nanUpaplutavijJAnaM pramANaM kiM na deshtH| svapnAdAviti nAniSTaM tathaiva pratibhAsanAt // 42 // svapnAyupaplutavijJAnasya kvacidavisaMvAdinaH prAmANyasyeSTau tadvyavahAraH syAditicet - pramANavyavahArastu bhUyaH sNvaadmaashritH| gaMdhadravyAdivadbhUyo visaMvAdaM tadanyathA // 43 // jinakI dRSTi cyuta nahIM huI hai, aise puruSoM ko candramA Adi kA parijJAna unakI saMkhyA Adi viSayoM meM to saMvAdayukta hai parantu nikaTapanA Adi meM saMvAdI nahIM hai| tathA jyotiSa zAstra ke dvArA sUryagrahaNa, candragrahaNa kA sAmAnyarUpa se jJAna ho jAtA hai utanA zrutajJAna bAdhArahita hai kintu do aMgula tathA tIna aMgula grahaNa par3ane meM athavA bhinna-bhinna aneka dezoM meM usake pariNAma kA ThIka vidhAna karane meM vaha zrutajJAna bAdhArahita nahIM hai kyoMki, aneka dezoM aura grAmoM meM grahaNa kI vizeSatAyeM dUsare prakAroM se sthita hotI haiN| (ata: mati aura zruta sampUrNa rUpa se pramANa nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| jina jIvoM kI dRSTi cyuta ho rahI hai, unake matijJAna yA zrutajJAna to saMvAda rahita prasiddha hI hai|) // 40-41 / / isa prakAra kI pratItiyA~ sampUrNa manuSyoM kI sAkSI se prasiddha haiM,ataH ve pratItiyA~ hI mati aura zrutajJAna ke dvArA jAne gaye sva aura artha rUpa viSaya meM sabhI prakAroM se pramANapana ko naSTa kara detI haiN| kevala ekadeza se pramANapana ko rakSita rakhatI haiN| isa prakAra una pratItiyoM se jitanA aMza saMvAdarUpa hai, utane aMza meM bAdhArahita hone se mati aura zruta pramANa haiN| zaMkA : yadi thor3e-thor3e aMza se hI jJAna meM pramANatA AtI hai to svapna Adi avasthAoM meM hone vAle jhUThe jJAnoM ko bhI ekadeza se pramANapanA kyoM nahIM hogA? samAdhAna : AcArya kahate haiM yaha kathana ThIka hai, hamako aniSTa nahIM hai, kyoMki, usa prakAra hI pratibhAsa hotA hai||42|| prazna : kisI aMza meM avisaMvAda rakhane vAle svapna Adi meM hue calAyamAna jJAnoM ko yadi pramANapanA jainoM ko iSTa hai, taba to una mithyAjJAnoM meM usa pramANapane kA vyavahAra ho jAegA? aisA kahane para AcArya uttara dete haiM ki pramANatva kA vyavahAra to aneka bAra hue saMvAda kA Azraya lekara hotA hai| jaise gaMdha dravya, rasa dravya Adi haiM tathA bhUribhUri visaMvAda ke Azrita apramANa vyavahAra hotA hai arthAt jina jJAnoM meM ati adhika saMvAda hai, ve pramANa haiM tathA jina jJAnoM meM bahuta visaMvAda haiM, ve apramANa haiM // 43 // bhAvArtha : jaise bahuta bAra yaha candana kI gandha hai yA kapUra kI' isakA Azraya lekara gandha ke viSaya me visaMvAda hotA hai vaise hI pramANa meM jAnanA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *50 satyajJAnasyaiva pramANatvavyavahAro yuktimAn bhUyaH sNvaadaat| vitathajJAnasyaiva vA'pramANatvavyavahAro bhUyo visaMvAdAt tadAzritatvAttadvyavahArasya / dRSTo hi loke bhUyasi vyapadezo yathA gaMdhAdinA gaMdhadravyAdeH satyapi sprshvttvaadau| yeSAmekAMtato jJAnaM pramANamitaracca n| teSAM viplutavijJAnapramANetaratA kutaH // 44 // ____ athAyamekAMta: sarvathA vitathajJAnamapramANaM satyaM tu pramANamiti cet tadA kuto vitathavedanasya svarUpe pramANatA bahirarthe tvapramANateti vyvtisstthet|| svarUpe sarvavijJAnApramANatve mtksstiH| bahirvikalpavijJAnapramANatve pramAMtaram // 45 // na hi satyajJAnameva svarUpe pramANaM na punarmithyAjJAnamiti yuktaM / nApi sarvaM tatrApramANamiti sarvacittacaittAnAmAtmasaMvedanaM pratyakSamiti svmtkssteH| sarvaM mithyAjJAnaM vikalpavijJAnameva bahirarthe pramANaM satyajJAna meM hI pramANa kA vyavahAra yukti sahita hai aura bahulatA se visaMvAda ho jAne ke kAraNa mithyA jJAnoM ko hI apramANa kA vyavahAra hai, kyoMki una saMvAda aura visaMvAda ke AdhIna hokara vaha pramANapanA aura apramANapanA vyavasthita hotA hai| loka meM bhI bahubhAga se svabhAvoM meM vaisA vyavahAra honA dekhA jAtA hai jaise ki sparza, rasa Adi ke hone para bhI gandha dravya, rasa dravya Adi ko avibhAga praticchedoM kI pracuratA se gandha Adi karake gandhavAna rasavAna rUpavAnapane kA vyavahAra hotA hai| jina vAdiyoM ke yahA~ ekAnta se samIcIna jJAna pramANa hI hai aura usase bhinna mithyAjJAna sarvathA pramANa nahIM hai, aisA Agraha hai, unake yahA~ mithyAjJAnoM kI pramANatA aura apramANatA kaise vyavasthita hogI? arthAt nahIM ho sakatI // 44 // yadi kisI kA yaha ekAnta hai ki jhUThA jJAna to sabhI aMzoM meM apramANa hai aura satya jJAna sarva aMzoM meM pramANa hai, taba to mithyAjJAna ko svarUpa meM pramANapanA aura bahiraMga viSaya ko jAnane meM apramANapanA yaha kaise vyavasthita hogA ? yAnI mithyAjJAna apane ko jAnane meM apramANa hai taba to avyavasthA ho jaaegii| arthAt sabhI jJAnoM ko apanA svarUpa jAnane meM pramANapana anivArya honA caahie| sampUrNa vijJAnoM ko yadi svarUpa meM pramANapanA mAnA jAegA to bauddhoM ko apane siddhAnta kI kSati prApta hogI aura yadi vikalpajJAnoM ko bahiraMga artha ko viSaya karane meM pramANapanA mAnA jAegA to pratyakSa aura anumAna ina do pramANoM se alaga eka tIsarA pramANa mAnane kA prasaMga AyegA // 45 / / samIcIna jJAna hI apane svarUpa meM pramANa hai| mithyAjJAna apane svarUpa meM pramANa nahIM hai| yaha kahanA yukta nahIM hai tathA sabhI jJAna usa apane svarUpa ko jAnane meM apramANa haiM, yaha bhI kahanA yuktipUrNa nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para bauddhoM ke mata kI kSati hotI hai| sampUrNa AtmAoM ke jJAnoM kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa hotA hai, aisA bauddhoM ne mAnA hai| yAnI sabhI samyagjJAna aura mithyAjJAnoM kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa honA abhISTa kara jJAnoM ko svAMza meM apramANapanA kahane para bauddhoM ko apane mata kI hAni uThAnI par3atI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *51 svarUpavadityapyayuktaM, prkRtprmaannaatprmaannaaNtrsiddhiprsNgaat| timirAzvabhramaNanauyAtasaMkSobhAdyAhitavibhramasya vedanasya pratyakSatve pratyakSamabhrAMtamiti vizeSaNAnarthakyaM / tasyApyabhrAMtatopagame kuto visaMvAditvaM vikalpajJAnasya ca pratyakSatve kalpanApoDhaM pratyakSamiti virudhyate tasyAnumAnatve akSAdivikalpasyAnumAnatvaprasaMgastasyAliMgajatvAdananumAnatve pramANAMtaratvamanivAryamiti mithyAjJAnaM svarUpe pramANaM bahirarthe , tvapramANamityabhyupagaMtavyaM / tathA ca siddhaM dezataH prAmANyaM / tadvadavitathavedanasyApIti sarvamanavA ekatra pramANatvApramANatvayoH siddhiH / kathamekameva jJAnaM pramANaM vApramANaM ca virodhAditi cet no, asiddhtvaadvirodhsy| tathAhi - __ sabhI mithyAjJAna vikalpajJAnarUpa hI haiM ata: svarUpa meM ve jaise pramANa haiM, vaise bahiraMga artha meM bhI pramANa haiM, yaha kahanA bhI ayukta hai| kyoMki aisA kahane para abhISTa prakaraNa prApta pratyakSa aura anumAna ina do pramANoM se atirikta tIsare pramANa kI siddhi hone kA prasaMga AtA hai (parantu bauddhoM ne vikalpajJAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnA hai)| adhika USma ke kAraNa tamArA A jAne para timira doSa se aneka bhrAntajJAna hote haiN| zIghra-zIghra bhramaNa cakkara karane se bhI ghumArI Akara aneka padArtha ghUmate hue dekhate haiN| nAva meM baiThakara calane meM bhI digbhrama ho jAtA hai| ___ vizeSa kSobha kA kAraNa upasthita hone para viparIta jJAna ho jAte haiN| atyanta priya padArtha ke viyoga Adi kAraNoM se utpanna hue vibhrama jJAnoM ko yadi pratyakSa pramANa mAna liyA jAyegA to pratyakSa ke lakSaNa meM diyA gayA abhrAnta yaha vizeSaNa vyartha hogaa| arthAt 'kalpanApoDhamabhrAntaM pratyakSaM' isa pratyakSa ke lakSaNa meM bhramabhinnapanA vizeSaNa jo mithyAjJAnoM ke nivAraNArtha diyA hai, mithyAjJAnoM ko pramANa mAnane para vyartha par3atA yadi bauddha usa mithyAjJAna rUpa vikalpajJAna ko bhI abhrAntapanA svIkAra kara leMge to vikalpajJAna ko visaMvAdIpanA kaise ho sakegA? aura vikalpajJAna ko pratyakSapanA yadi iSTa kara liyA jAegA to "kalpanAoM se rahita pratyakSa pramANa hotA hai|" yaha abhISTa lakSaNa vAkya viruddha hogA ataH vikalpajJAna pratyakSa pramANa ho nahIM sktaa| yadi usa vikalpajJAna ko anumAna pramANa mAnoge to indriya, mana Adi se utpanna hue vikalpajJAna ko anumAnapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi avinAbhAvI hetu se utpanna nahIM hone se akSa Adi vikalpa ko anumAna pramANa nahIM mAnoge to pratyakSa aura anumAna se bhinna tIsarA pramANa mAnanA anivArya hogA ataH apane svarUpa ko jAnane meM mithyAjJAna pramANa hai aura bahiraMga viSayoM ke jAnane meM apramANa hai yaha svIkAra kara lenA caahie| aisA mAnane para to mithyAjJAna meM bhI ekadeza pramANapanA siddha ho jAtA hai| usI mithyAjJAna ke samAna samIcIna jJAna ko bhI ekadeza se pramANapanA hai| - isa prakAra hamArA pUrvokta mantavya sabakA saba nirdoSa hai, eka jJAna meM pramANapane aura apramANapane kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| ' eka hI jJAna pramANa aura apramANa kaise ho sakatA hai? kyoMki isameM virodha doSa AtA hai| isa prakAra nahIM kahanA kyoMki pramANapana aura apramANapana ke ekasthAna para hone meM virodha honA asiddha hai arthAt
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 52 na caikatra pramANatvApramANatve virodhinii| pratyakSatvaparokSatve yathaikatrApi sNvidi||46|| yayorekasadbhAve'nyatarAnivRttistayorna virodho yathA pratyakSatvaparokSatvayorekasyAM sNvidi| tathA ca pramANatvApramANatvayorekatra jJAne tato na virodhH| 'svasaMvinmAvatodhyakSA yathA buddhistathA ydi| vedyAkAravinirmuktA tadA sarvasya buddhatA // 47 // tayA yathA parokSatvaM hRtsaMvitteratopi cet / buddhAderapi jAyeta jADyaM mAnavivarjitam // 48 // na hi sarvasya buddhatA buddhAderapi ca jADyaM sarvathetyatra pramANamaparasyAsti yataH saMvidAkAreNeva vedyAkAravivekenApi saMvedanasya pratyakSatA yujyeta tadvadeva vA saMvidAkAreNa parokSatA tadayoge ca kathaM dRSTAMtaH sAdhyasAdhanavikala: heturvA na siddhaH syaat|| kisI apekSA vaha jJAna pramANa hai paripUrNa vastu ko jAnatA hai aura kisI apekSA apramANa hai| kevalajJAna ke pahale koI bhI sarva rUpa se vastu ko nahIM jAnatA hai| yahA~ para apramANa kA artha mithyAjJAna nahIM hai apitu ISad jJAna hai| so hI kahate haiM ___eka jJAna meM pramANapanA aura apramANapanA virodha doSa vAle nahIM haiM jaise ki bauddhoM ke yahA~ eka jJAna meM bhI pratyakSapanA aura parokSapanA virodhayukta nahIM hai||46|| jina donoM meM se eka ke vidyamAna hone para dUsare eka kI nivRtti nahIM hotI hai, unakA virodha nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| jaise eka saMvedana meM pratyakSapana aura parokSapana kA virodha nahIM hai, usI prakAra pramANapana aura apramANapana kA eka jJAna meM usa hetu se virodha nahIM hai arthAt vyApti evaM anumAna dvArA pramANatva aura apramANatva kA avirodha siddha kara diyA hai| jisa prakAra kevala svasaMvedana kI apekSA se buddhi pratyakSa hai, usI prakAra vedya, vedaka AkAra se rahitapanA bhI yadi pratyakSarUpa hotA to saba jIvoM ko sugatapanA prApta ho jAtA / yAMnI saba sarvajJa ho jaate| ___tathA usa vedyAkAra rahitapane se jaise buddhi kA parokSapanA hai, vaisA isa svasaMvitti kI apekSA se bhI yadi parokSapanA mAnA jAyegA to buddha yA anya mukta AtmA Adi ko bhI pramANa rahita hone se jar3atva ho jAvegA arthAt sarvAMgarUpa se jJAna meM parokSapanA kahanA jar3apana kahane ke samAna hai| yAnI jisako sva kA bhI pratyakSa nahIM hai jo apane Apako nahIM jAnatA hai, vaha jar3a hai|47-48|| sarvathA saba jIvoM ko buddhapanA ho jAe aura buddha Adi ko jar3apanA prApta ho jAe, isa viSaya meM dUsare bauddha Adi vAdiyoM ke yahA~ koI pramANa nahIM hai, jisase ki samvitti AkAra ke dvArA jaise saMvedana ko pratyakSapanA hai, vaise hI samvedya AkAra ke pRthak rUpa se bhI samvedana ko pratyakSapanA yukta ho| tathA vedya AkAra ke viveka jaise parokSapanA hai, usI prakAra jJAna meM samvitti AkAra ke bhI parokSapanA ho jaayegaa| jaba vaha vyavasthA hI nahIM hai to hamAre dvArA diyA huA eka saMvedana meM pratyakSaparokSapane kA dRSTAnta sAdhya aura sAdhana se rahita kaise ho sakatA hai? aura hetu bhI siddha kyoM nahIM hogA?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *53 - yaiva buddheH svayaM vittivedyaakaarvimukttaa| saivetyadhyakSataiveSTA tasyAM kinna parokSatA // 49 // ___ buddheH svasaMvittireva vedyAkAravimuktatA tasyAH pratyakSatAyAM vedyAkAravimuktatApi pratyakSataiva yadISyate tadA tasyAH parokSatAyAM svasaMvitterapi parokSatA kiM neSTA? svsNvittivedyaakaarvimuktyostaadaatmyaavishessaat|| nanu ca ke valabhUtalopalabdhireva ghaTAnupalabdhiriti ghaTAnupalabdhitAdAtmyepi na ke valabhUtalopalabdheranupalabdhirUpatAsti tadvadvedyAkAravimuktyanupalabdhitAdAtmyepi na svarUpopalabdheranupalabdhisvabhAvatA vyApakasya vyApyAvyabhicArAt vyApyasyaiva vyApakavyabhicArasiddheH paadptvshishipaatvvt| svarUpopalabdhimAtraM hi vyApyaM vyApikA ca vedyAkAravimuktyanupalabdhiriti cet naitadevaM tayoH samavyAptikatvena parasparAvyabhicArasiddheH kRtktvaanityvt| na hi vedyAkAravivekAnupalabdhAvapi jo jJAna kI svayaM samvitti hotI hai, vaha to vedyAkAra se rahitapanA hai ata: vedyAkAra se rahitapanA bhI pratyakSa iSTa kiyA jAtA hai to usa vedya AkArarahitapane ke parokSa hone para svasaMvedana ko bhI svAMza meM parokSapanA kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt avazya hogaa||49|| buddhi kI svasaMvitti honA hI vedyAkAroM se rahitapanA hai ata: usa buddhi ko pratyakSapanA hone para vedyAkAra rahitapanA bhI pratyakSa hI hai; parokSa nahIM hai| yadi sautrAntika isa prakAra iSTa kareMge taba to usa vedyAkAra rahitapane ke parokSapanA hone para svasaMvitti aMza ko bhI parokSapanA kyoM nahIM iSTa kara liyA jAtA hai? kyoMki jJAna kI sva saMvitti aura jJAna ke vedyAkAra rahitapana kA tAdAtmyasambandha vizeSatAoM se rahita hai arthAt svasaMvitti aura vedyAkAra rahitapane meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| . kevala rIte bhUtala kI upalabdhi hI ghaTa kI anupalabdhi hai, isa prakAra bhUtala kI upalabdhi aura ghaTa kI anupalabdhi kA tAdAtmya hone para bhI kevala bhUtala kI upalabdhi ko anupalabdhi svarUpapanA nahIM hai| usI ke samAna vedyAkAra kI vimukti rUpa anupalabdhi ke sAtha jJAna kI svarUpa saMvitti kA tAdAtmya sambandha hone para bhI buddhi kI svasaMvitti ko vimuktirUpa anupalabdhi kA parokSatA rUpa svabhAvapanA nahIM hai kyoMki vyApaka kA vyApya ke sAtha vyabhicAra nahIM hotA hai apitu vyApya ke hI vyApaka ke sAtha vyabhicAra kI siddhi hai, vRkSa aura ziMzipAtva ke samAna / bhAvArtha : vyApaka sarvatra rahatA hai, vyApya eka meM rahatA hai isalie jahA~ vyApya (zIzama) hogA vahA~ vyApaka (vRkSa) avazya hogA parantu vyApaka ke hone para vyApya kA honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| isa prakaraNa meM jJAna ke kevala svarUpa kI upalabdhi honA vyApya hai aura vedyAkAra rahitapanA rUpa anupalabdhi vyApikA hai (isalie svasaMvitti ke pratyakSa hone para vedyAkAra rahitatA kA pratyakSa honA kahA jA sakatA hai kintu vedyAkAra rahita ke parokSa hone para svasaMvitti ko parokSa nahIM kahA jA sktaa)| bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki bauddhoM ko vedyAkAravimuktirUpa anupalabdhi ke hone para bhI kisI eka saMvedana meM kabhI apane svarUpa kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai, yaha nahIM khnaa| arthAtvedyAkAra vimuktatA ko vyApaka aura svarUpa upalabdhi ko vyApya nahIM kaha skte| kyoMki ye donoM hI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *54 kvacitsaMvedane kadAcitsvarUpopalabdhirnAsti tataH pratyakSatvAt svasaMvedanAdabhinno grAhyAkAraviveka: pratyakSoM na punaH parokSAbAhyAkAravivekAdabhinnaM svasaMvedanaM buddheH parokSamityAcakSANo na parIkSAkSamaH / pratyakSatvaparokSatvayorbhinnAzrayatvAnna tAdAtmyamiti cenna ekajJAnAzrayatvAttadasiddheH / saMvinmAtraviSayA pratyakSatA vedyAkAravivekaviSayA parokSateti tayobhinnaviSayatve kathaM svasaMvitpratyakSataiva vedyaakaarvivekproksstaa| svasaMvedanasyaiva vedyAkAravivekarUpatvAditi cet, kathamevaM pratyakSaparokSatvayorbhinnAzrayatvaM / dharmidharmavibhedaviSayatvakalpanAditi cet tarhi na paramArthatastayorbhinnAzrayatvamiti saMvinmAtrapratyakSatve vedyAkAravivekasya pratyakSatvamAyAtaM tathA tasya parokSatve saMvinmAtrasya parokSatApi kiM na syaat| tatra nizcayotpatteH pratyakSateti cet, vedyAkAravivekanizcayAnupapatteH proksstaivaastu| tathA caikatra saMvidi siddhe pratyakSetarate pramANetarayoH prasArike sta iti na virodhH|| paraspara meM kRtakatva aura anitya ke samAna eka dUsare ke sAtha avinAbhAvI hai (inakA avinAbhAva siddha hai|) ataH pratyakSarUpa svasaMvedana se abhinna grAhyAkAra kA pRthagbhAva pratyakSa ho jAe, kintu phira parokSasvarUpa grAhyAkAra viveka se abhinna buddhi kA svasaMvedana parokSa na bane, isa prakAra kahane vAlA bauddha parIkSA ko sahana nahIM kara sakatA hai arthAt aisA kahane vAlA bauddha parIkSaka nahIM hai| pratyakSa aura parokSa kA bhinna-bhinna Azraya hone se unake tadAtmakapanA nahIM hai aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki una donoM kA Azraya eka jJAna hai ata: unameM bhinna Azraya asiddha hai yA ki kevala saMvedana meM pratyakSatva hai aura vedyAkAra ke pRthakpane se parokSatva hai ataH pratyakSa aura parokSa kA viSaya bhinna hai| isa prakAra kahate haiM to svasaMvitti kA pratyakSapanA hI vedyAkAra vimuktatA kA parokSapanA kyoM hai? arthAt bhinnabhinna viSaya hone para to svasaMvitti kA pratyakSapanA aura vedyAkAra kA parokSapanA alaga-alaga honA cAhie thaa| yadi svasaMvedana ko hI vedyAkAra vivekasvarUpa hone ke kAraNa una donoM ko eka kaha diyA jAtA hai to phira pratyakSa aura parokSa ko bhinna Azrayatva kaise siddha hotA hai? dharmI aura dharma ke pRthak-pRthak bheda kA viSaya karane vAlI kalpanA se bhinna AzrayapanA yadi svIkAra kareMge to vAstavika rUpa se una jJAna rUpa dharmI ke pratyakSapana aura vedyAkArarahitatArUpa dharma ke parokSapana kA Azraya bhinna-bhinna nahIM hone se kevala saMvedana ko pratyakSapanA mAnane para usake dharma vedyAkAra pRthagbhAva kA bhI pratyakSapanA prApta ho jAtA hai| vaise usa vedyAkAra viveka ko parokSapanA prApta hone para advaita saMvedana ko bhI parokSapanA kyoM nahIM prApta hogA? yadi usa saMvedana meM pIche vikalpajJAna dvArA nizcaya utpanna hone se pratyakSapanA hai, to vedyAkAra viveka meM nizcaya nahIM hone se parokSapanA hotA hai tathA (isa prakAra) eka jJAna meM pratyakSapanA aura parokSapanA siddha hote hue eka matijJAna yA zrutajJAna meM bhI pramANapana aura apramANapana ko phailAne vAle ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra eka jJAna meM pramANatva aura apramANatva kA koI virodha nhiiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 55 sarveSAmapi vijJAnaM svavedyAtmani vedakam / nAnyavedyAtmanIti syAviruddhAkAramaMjasA // 50 // ____ sarvapravAdinAM jJAnaM svaviSayasya svarUpamAtrasyobhayasya vA paricchedakaM tadeva nAnyaviSayasyeti siddha viruddhAkAramanyathA sarvavedanasya nirviSayatvaM sarvaviSayatvaM vA durnivAraM svaviSayasyApyanyaviSayavadaparicchedAtsvaviSayavadvAnyaviSayAvasAyAt / svAnyaviSayaparicchedanAparicchedanasvabhAvayoranyatarasyAM paramArthatAyAmapIdameva duussnnmunneymiti| paramArthatastadubhayasvabhAvaviruddhamekatra pramANetaratvayoravirodhaM saadhyti|| kiM ca - svvyaapaarsmaasktonyvyaapaarnirutsukH| sarvo bhAvaH svayaM vakti syAdvAdanyAyaniSThatAm // 51 // sarvognisukhAdibhAvaH svAmarthakriyAM kurvan tadaivAnyAmakurvannanekAMtaM vaktIti kiM nshciNtyaa| sa eva ca pramANetarabhAvAvirodhamekatra vyavasthApayiSyatIti sUktaM "yathA yatrAvisaMvAdastathA tatra pramANatA" iti|| sampUrNa vAdiyoM ke yahA~ vijJAna apane aura apane dvArA jAnane yogya viSayasvarUpa meM jJAna karane vAlA mAnA gayA hai| anya dUsare vedyasvarUpa meM jAnane vAlA prakRta vijJAna nahIM hai| isa prakAra vedakapanA aura avedakapanA hone se jJAna ke viruddha AkAroM ko zIghra jAna lete haiN||50|| sampUrNa pravAdiyoM ke yahA~ mAnA gayA jJAna apane viSaya yA kevala apane svarUpa athavA donoM kA jAnane vAlA hai, vahI jJAna anya viSayoM kA jJAyaka nahIM hai / isa prakAra eka jJAna meM jJAyakatva aura ajJAyakatva ye viruddha AkAra siddha hote haiN| anyathA yAnI jaise jJAna anya viSayoM kA vedaka nahIM hai, usI prakAra sva yA anya viSaya athavA ubhaya kA bhI vedaka na hotA to sabhI jJAna nirviSaya ho jaate| koI bhI jJAna kisI bhI viSaya ko nahIM jAna sakatA hai kyoMki anya viSayoM ke samAna apane viSaya kI bhI jJapti nahIM hotI hai tathA sva aura vedya ko jAnane ke samAna yadi anya udAsIna ajJeya viSayoM kA vedaka jJAna ho jAtA to sabhI jJAnoM ko sarva padArthoM kA viSaya kara lenA darnivAra ho jaataa| yadi sva aura anya viSaya kA pariccheda karanA aura sva yA anya athavA ubhaya viSayoM kA pariccheda nahIM karanA, ina donoM svabhAvoM meM se kisI eka ko hI vAstavika svabhAva mAnA jAe, aura zeSa ko vastubhUta dharma na mAnA jAe to bhI ye hI dUSaNa pRthak -pRthak lAgU ho jaaeNge| isa bAta ko pUrva kathita kathana se samajha lenA caahie| isa prakAra paramArtharUpa se ve vedakatva aura avedakatva donoM viruddha se hokara eka jJAna meM pAye jAte haiN| kyoMki aisA jJAna kA svabhAva hai aura vaha svabhAva (kartA) eka jJAna meM pramANapana aura apramANapana ke avirodha kI siddhi ko karatA hai| - jaba sampUrNa padArtha apane-apane yogya vyApAra karane meM lavalIna haiM aura anya padArtha ke karane yogya vyApAra meM utsuka nahIM hai, aisI dazA meM ve sabhI bhAva syAdvAdanIti ke anusAra pratiSThita rahane ko svayaM kaha rahe haiM // 51 // sabhI agni Adi bahiraMga padArtha aura sukha Adi antaraMga padArtha apanI-apanI arthakriyAoM ko karate hue aura anya kriyAoM ko usa samaya nahIM karate hue anekAnta ko kaha rahe haiM, to phira hamako vyartha cintA karane se kyA prayojana hai? vaha arthakriyA kA karanA aura na karanA hI pramANatva aura apramANatva ke
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 56 caMdre cNdrtvvijnyaanmnytsNkhyaaprvednm| pratyAsannatvaviccAnyatvekAdyAkAravinna cet // 52 // hataM mecakavijJAnaM tathA sarvajJatA kutH| prasiddhyedIzvarasyeti naanaakaaraikvitsthitiH||53|| eka evezvarajJAnasyAkAraH sarvavedakaH / tAdRzo yadi saMbhAvyaH kiM brahmaivaM na te matam // 54 // taccetanetarAkArakaraMbitavapuH svym| bhAvaikameva sarvasya saMvittibhavanaM param // 55 // yadyekasya viruddhyeta naanaakaaraavbhaasitaa| tadA nAnArthabodhopi naikAkArovatiSThate // 56 // nAnA jJAnAni nezasya kalpanIyAni dhiimtaa| krmaatsrvjnytaahaanernythaa'nnusNdhitH||57|| tasmAdekamanekAtmaviruddhamapi tttvtH| siddhaM vijJAnamanyacca vastusAmarthyataH svayam // 58 // avirodha kI eka jJAna meM vyavasthA karAtA hai| kahA hai ki "jisa prakAra jisa jJAna meM jitanA avisaMvAda hai, usa prakAra usa jJAna meM utanA pramANapanA hai aura jitanA usameM visaMvAda hai utanA apramANatva hai| . ' candramA meM candrapane kA jJAna pRthak hai aura usakI saMkhyA ko jAnane vAlA jJAna bhinna hai, tathA candramA ke nikaTavartIpana kA vedana anya hai| eka do Adi AkAroM ko jAnane vAlI paricchitti anya hai| (ataH eka-eka AkAra vAle jJAna pRthak-pRthak haiN| eka jJAna meM aneka AkAra nahIM haiN|) aisA nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki aisA mAnane para bauddhoM kA mAnA huA citrajJAna naSTa ho jAtA hai| tathA alaga-alaga AkAra vAle bhinna-bhinna jJAnoM ko mAnane vAle vAdI ke yahA~ sarvajJapanA kaise siddha ho sakatA hai? eka jJAna se aneka : padArthoM kA yugapat pratyakSa kara lenA hI sarvajJatA hai| isa prakAra aneka AkAra vAle eka jJAna kI siddhi ho jAtI hai|52-53|| yadi sampUrNa padArthoM ko jAnane vAle IzvarajJAna kA sabako jAnane vAlA eka hI AkAra sambhava hai arthAt paraspara eka dUsare se viziSTa aneka padArtha eka haiM; usa eka kA eka samudita AkAra eka jJAna meM par3atA hai| aisI sambhAvanA kI jAtI hai taba to isa prakAra eka parama brahmatattva hI tumhAre yahA~ kyoM nahIM mAna liyA jAtA hai? jJAna aura jJeya sabameM eka hokara vaha paramabrahma svayaM sabhI cetana-acetana AkAroM ke sahAre apane zarIra ko dhAratA huA eka bhAvarUpa hai| vahI sampUrNa padArthoM kI utkRSTa saMvitti honA hai| yadi eka advaita brahma ko nAnA AkAroM kA prakAzakapanA viruddha par3egA taba to hama jaina kahate haiM ki Izvara sarvajJa ke aneka arthoM kA jJAna bhI eka AkAra vAlA avasthita nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki eka jJAna meM aneka AkAra mAnane para hI vyavasthA ho sakatI hai|54-55-56|| buddhimAna puruSa ko Izvara ke aneka jJAna kalpita nahIM karane cAhie, kyoMki eka-eka jJAna dvArA eka-eka padArtha krama se jAnane para sarvajJapane kI hAni ho jAtI hai| anyathA dUsare pramANa se sarvajJatA mAnane para pahile pIche ke jJAnoM dvArA jAna liye gaye padArthoM kA anusandhAna nahIM ho sakatA hai||57|| ___ataH eka bhI vijJAna aneka Atmaka viruddha sadRza hotA huA bhI vAstavika rUpa se siddha ho jAtA hai| tathA anya bhI agni, sukha Adika padArtha vastu pariNati kI sAmarthya se svayaM aneka dharmAtmaka siddha haiN||58||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 57 nanvekamanekAtmakaM tattvata: siddhaM cet kathaM viruddhamiti syAdvAdavidviSAmupAlaMbha: kvacittadviruddhamupalabhya sarvatra virodhamudbhAvayatAM na punrbaadhyprtiitynusaarinnaam|| pramANamavisaMvAdi jnyaanmityupvrnnyte| kaizcittatrAvisaMvAdo yadyAkAMkSAnivartanam // 59 // tadA svapnAdivijJAnaM prmaannmnussjyte| tataH kasyacidartheSu paritoSasya bhaavtH||60|| na hi svaptau vedanenArthaM paricchidya pravartamAnorthakriyAyAmAkAMkSAto na nivartate pratyakSatonumAnato vA dahanAdyavabhAsasya dAhAdyarthakri yopajananasamarthasyAkAMkSitadahanAdyarthaprApaNayogyatAsvabhAvasya jAgraddazAyAmivAnubhavAt / tAdRzasyaivAkAMkSAnivartanasya pramANe prekssaavdbhirrthymaantvaat| tatotivyApi pramANasAmAnyalakSaNamiti AyAtam // zaMkA : jaba eka padArtha vAstavikarUpa se aneka dharma Atmaka siddha hai to ekapanA aura anekapanA viruddha kaise kahA jAtA hai? samAdhAna : isa prakAra syAdvAda se vizeSa dveSa karane vAloM kA ulAhanA unahI ke Upara lAgU hotA hai| jo kisI eka sthAna para usa ekapana aura anekapana ko viruddha dekhakara sabhI sthAnoM para virodha doSa ko uThA dete haiM kintu nirbAdha pratIti ke anusAra vastu ko jAnane vAle syAdvAdiyoM para koI ulAhanA nahIM AtA hai| - jo jJAna visaMvAdoM se rahita hai, vaha pramANa hai| isa prakAra kinhIM (bauddha) ke dvArA kahA jAtA hai| usameM avisaMvAda kA artha kyA hai? yadi jJAta padArtha meM AkAMkSA kA nivRtta ho jAnA avisaMvAda hai, taba to svapna Adi avasthAoM meM hue vijJAnoM ko bhI pramANapane kA prasaMga AegA, kyoMki una svapnAdi ke nimitta se hue jJAna dvArA jAne gaye padArthoM meM bhI kisI jIva ke paritoSa kA sadbhAva dekhA jAtA hai|59-60|| svapnAvasthA meM utpanna hue jJAna dvArA padArtha kI jJapti kA pravartaka manuSya arthakriyA ko karane meM AkAMkSAoM se nivRtta nahIM hotA hai, yaha nahIM samajhanA caahie| . kyoMki, pratyakSa athavA anumAna pramANa se jAgatI huI dazA meM jaise dAha, pAka, siMcana, pipAsAnivRtti Adi arthakriyAoM ko paidA karane meM samartha aura AkAMkSA kiye gae agni Adi arthoM ko prApta karAne kI yogyatA svabhAva vAle agni, jala Adi arthoM kA pratibhAsa hotA hai, vaise hI svapna meM bhI agni, jala Adi kA pratibhAsa ho jAtA hai aura usa hI prakAra kI AkAMkSAnivRtti kA hitAhita vicArane vAle puruSoM dvArA pramANa meM abhilASA kI jAtI hai (jAgRta avasthA meM padArthoM ko dekhakara jisa prakAra kI AkAMkSA nivRtti ho jAtI hai, vaisI hI svapna meM bhI padArthoM kA jJAna kara AkAMkSAnivRtti ho jAtI hai)| vicArazIla puruSa pramANajJAnoM se bhI yahI abhilASA rakhate haiN| ata: bauddhoM ke dvArA mAnA gayA AkAMkSAnivRttirUpa avisaMvAda yaha pramANa kA sAmAnya lakSaNa ativyApti doSavAlA hai| aisA samajhanA caahie| saMvAda kA artha vAstavika arthakriyA kI sthiti honA kahA gayA hai, aura usa arthakriyA kA ThaharanA, kisI prakAra bhI arthakriyA kI vimukti nahIM honA hai| aisI arthakriyA kI sthiti una svapna, matta Adi avasthAoM ke jJAna meM nahIM hai ata:
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 58 arthakriyA sthitiH proktA vimuktiHsA na tatra cet / zAbdAdAviva tadbhAvostvabhiprAyanivedanAt // 61 // nAkAMkSAnivartanamapi sNvaadn| kiM tarhi? arthakriyA sthitiH| sA caavimuktirviclnmrthkriyaayaaN| na ca tatsvapnAdau dahanAdyavabhAsasyAstIti kecit| teSAM gItAdizabdajJAnaM citrAdirUpajJAnaM vA kathaM prmaannN| tathA vimukterabhAvAt tadanaMtaraM kasyacitsAdhyasya phlsyaanubhvnaat| tatrApi pratipatturabhiprAyanivedanAt sAdhyAvimuktiriticet, tarhi nirAkAMkSataiva svArthakriyAsthiti: svapnAdau kathaM na syaat| prabodhAvasthAyAM pratipatturabhiprAyacalanAditicet, kimidaM taccalanaM nAma ? dhiG mithyA pratarkitaM mayA iti pratyayopajananamiti cet, ttsvpnaadaavpysti| na hi svapnopalabdhArthakriyAyAzcalanaM jAgraddazAyAM bAdhakAnubhavanamanumanyate, na lakSaNa meM ativyApti doSa nahIM hai| bauddha ke aisA kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki manohara vAditra yA saMgIta Adi ke zabdajanya jJAnoM meM jaisI thor3I dera Thaharane vAlI arthakriyA hai, vaisI svapna Adika meM bhI hotI hai| vahA~ bhI jJAtA ko iSTa artha ke abhiprAya kA nivedana karane se sAdhya kI vimukti na honA vidyamAna hai||61|| prazna : AkAMkSAoM kI nivRtti honA bhI avisaMvAda nahIM hai, to kyA hai? uttara : arthakriyA kA sthita rahanA hI avisaMvAda hai| vaha arthakriyA sthita rahanA vimukta nahIM honA hai| vaha hai arthakriyA meM vicalita nahIM honA aura vaha avicalanapana svapna Adi meM dekhI gaI agni Adi ke jJAnoM meM nahIM hai| arthAt-svapna meM dekhI gaI agni se zItabAdhA kI nivRtti nahIM hotI hai (ataH saMvAda kA lakSaNa arthakriyA kI sthiti karane para pramANa kA lakSaNaM ativyApta nahIM hogaa)| isa prakAra koI (sautrAntika bauddha) kahatA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane para unake yahA~ saMgIta Adi zabdoM kA jJAna athavA citra Adi kA rUpajJAna kaise pramANa ho sakegA kyoMki isa prakAra arthakriyA kI avimukti honA to vahA~ nahIM hai (gIta ko sunakara yA vijulI ko dekhakara unase hone vAlI arthakriyA adhika dera taka nahIM ThaharatI hai; zIghra hI vilIna ho jAtI hai)| yadi kaho ki usa saMgIta Adi ke jJAnoM ke avyavahita uttara kAla meM unake dvArA sAdhe gaye kisI sukha samvitti, pratikUlavedana Adi phala kA anubhava ho jAtA hai| ata: vahA~ bhI jJAtA puruSa ko abhipreta artha kA nivedana ho jAne se svapna kAla ke lie sAdhya kI avimukti hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM taba to isase AkAMkSArahitapanA hI jJAna kI apanI arthakriyA siddha huI / vaha svapna, matta (pAgala) Adi avasthAoM meM siddha kyoM nahIM hogI? avazya hogii| yadi kaho ki jAgRta avasthA meM pratipattA (jJAtA) ke abhiprAya kA calana ho jAtA hai so svapna jJAna dvArA arthakriyA kI sthiti honA nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| to usa abhiprAya kA calana kyA padArtha hai? yadi kaho ki dhikkAra hai ki 'maiMne svapna avasthA meM jhUThI hI pratarkaNAe~ kI thiiN|' isa prakAra jAgRta avasthA meM pratItiyoM kA utpanna ho jAnA hI svapna jJAnoM ke abhiprAyoM kA calAyamAnapanA hai, to vaha calana svapna Adika meM bhI vidyamAna hai| arthAt-jAgRta avasthA meM padArthoM ko dekhakara punaH svapna meM anya prakAra jAgane para svapna meM aisA pratyaya utpanna hotA hai ki dhikkAra hai, maiMne jAgRta avasthA meM jhUThI hI tarkaNAe~ kara lI thIM' yahA~ yaha kahanA yukta nahIM ho sakatA hai ki svapna meM dekhe gaye artha kriyA kA calAyamAna honA to jAgRta
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *59 punarjAgradazopalabdhArthakriyAyAH svapnAdAviti yuktaM vaktuM, sarvathA vizeSAbhAvAt / svapnAdiSu bAdhakapratyayasya sabAdhatvAnna tadanubhavanaM taccalanamiticet, kutastasya sbaadhtvsiddhiH| kasyacittAdRzasya sabAdhakatvadarzanAdicet, nanvevaM jAgabAdhakapratyayasya kasyacitsabAdhatvadarzanAt sarvasya sabAdhatvaM siddhyet / tasya nirbAdhasyApi darzanAnnaivamiti cet, satyasvapnajapratyayasya nirbAdhasyAvalokanAtsarvasya tasya sabAdhatvaM mA bhuut| tasmAdavicAritaramaNIyatvamevAvicalanamarthakriyAyAH saMvAdanamabhiprAyanivedanAt kvacidabhyupagaMtavyaM / te ca svapnAdAvapi dRzyaMta iti tatpratyayasya prAmANyaM durnivaarm|| prAmANyaM vyavahAreNa zAstraM mohnivrtnm| tatoparyanuyojyAzcettatraite vyavahAriNaH // 12 // zAstreNa kriyatAM teSAM kathaM mohanivartanam / tadaniSTau tu zAstrANAM pratItiAhatA na kim // 63 // avasthA meM bAdhaka kA anubhava honA mAna liyA jAye aura phira jAgRta avasthA meM dekhe gaye padArtha kI arthakriyA kA calAyamAnapanA svapna Adi meM bAdhakajJAna kA anubhava honA na mAnA jaaye| kyoMki sabhI prakAra se ina donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| yadi bauddha kahe ki jAgRta dazA ke bAdhaka pratyaya jo svapna Adi avasthA meM ho rahe haiM, ve svayaM bAdhA sahita haiM ataH svapna avasthAoM meM una bAdhaka jJAnoM kA anubhava karanA jAgRta dazA kI arthakriyA kA calAyamAnapanA nahIM hai to svapna Adi avasthAoM meM hue una bAdhakajJAnoM ke svayaM bAdhAsahitapane kI siddhi kaise hotI hai? yadi usa prakAra ke kisI eka jJAna ko bAdhakoM se sahitapanA dekhane se svapna ke bAdhakajJAnoM kA bAdhyapanA samajhA jAyegA, taba to hama bhI avadhAraNa pUrvaka kahate haiM ki isa prakAra to kisIkisI jAgRta dazA ke bAdhakajJAnoM meM bAdhaka sahitapanA dekhA jAtA hai ataH sabhI jAgRta dazA ke jJAnoM kA bAdhAsahitapanA siddha hogaa| . yadi kaho ki isa prakAra jAgRta dazAoM ke jJAna hI bAdhAoM se rahita dekhe jAte haiM ata: isa prakAra sabako bAdhya kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, to svapna meM utpanna hue satyajJAnoM kA bAdhArahitapanA bhI dekhA jAtA hai * ata: una sabhI svapnajJAnoM ko bAdhAsahitapanA nahIM hogaa| ataH arthakriyA kA calAyamAnapanArUpa saMvAdana nahIM mAnanA binA vicAra kiye hI manohara hai (vicAra karane para jIrNa vastra ke samAna saikar3oM khaNDa ho jAte haiN)| yaha mAna lenA caahie| tathA AkAMkSAnivRtti, paritoSa, arthakriyAsthiti, abhiprAya nivedana rUpa avisaMvAda to svapna Adi meM bhI dekhe jAte haiM ata: una svapna Adi ke jJAnoM ko bhI pramANapanA durnivAra ho jaaegaa| laukika vyavahAra se zAstrajJAna meM pramANapanA hai aura zAstra hI moha kI nivRtti karane vAle haiN| ata: usa pramANapane meM ye vyavahArIjana praznottara karane yogya nahIM haiN| isa prakAra bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki jisa kisI zAsra ke dvArA una vyavahAriyoM ke moha kI nivRtti kaise kI jAyegI? yadi usa moha kI . nivRtti ko vAstavika iSTa na karoge to zAstroM kA praNayana karanA vyAghAta doSayukta kyoM na hogA? // 62-63 / /
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 60 vyavahAreNa prAmANyasyopagamAttatrAparyanuyojyA eva vyvhaarinnH| kiM na bhavaMtaH svapnAdipratyayasya jAgratpratyayavat pramANatvaM vyavaharaMti tadvadvAdo jAgrabodhasyApramANatvamiti kevalaM tadanusAribhistadanurodhAdeva kvacitpramANatvamapramANatvaM cAnumaMtavyamiti bruvANaH kathaM zAstraM mohanivartanamAcakSIta na cedvyaakssiptH| ye hi yasyAparyanuyojyAstacchAstreNa kathaM teSAM mohanivartanaM kriyte| vyavahAre mohavat kriyata iti cet kutasteSAM vinizcayaH? prasiddhavyavahArAtikramAditicet kosau prasiddho vyavahAraH? sugatazAstropadarzita iti cet kapilAdizAstropadarzita: kasmAnna syAt? tatra vyavahAriNAmananurodhAditi cet, tarhi yata eva vyavahArijanAnAM sugatazAstrokto vyavahAraH prasiddhAtmA vyavasthita evamatikrAmatAM tatra mohanivartanaM siddhamiti kiM zAstreNa tadarthena tena / tannivartanasyAniSTau tu vyAhatA zAstrapraNItiH kiM na bhvet|| __ vyavahAra se zAstra kA pramANapanA mAnA gayA hai| ataH vyavahAra karane vAle laukikajana usa pramANavyavasthA meM tarkaNA karane yogya nahIM haiM ki jJAna hI pramANa hai| isa prakAra bauddha ke dvArA pramANa mAnane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aise svapna, madamatta Adi ke jJAnoM ko jagate hue jIvoM ke jJAna ke samAna pramANapane kA vyavahAra kyoM nahIM karate haiM? athavA svapna Adi jJAnoM ko apramANapane ke vyavahAra samAna jAgatI avasthA ke jJAna ko bhI vaha apramANapanA kyoM nahIM vyavahRta hotA hai? kevala usa vyavahAra ke anusAra calane vAle laukikajanoM ke dvArA usa vyavahAra ke anurodha se hI kisI meM pramANapana aura kisI meM apramANapana mAna lenA caahie| isa prakAra kahane vAlA bauddha zAstroM ko moha kI nivRtti karAne vAlA kaise kaha sakegA? athavA matta ke samAna ghabar3AyA huA kyoM nahIM samajhA jAegA? . athavA, jo saMsArI jIva jisake viSaya meM tarkaNA karane yogya hI nahIM hai, usa zAstra ke dvArA moha kI nivRtti kaise kI jA sakegI? yadi bauddha kahe ki vyavahAra meM jaise moha kara liyA jAtA hai, vaise hI zAsroM dvArA moha kI nivRtti kara lI jAtI hai| aisA kahane para jaina unase pUchate haiM ki una vyavahAriyoM ko vizeSarUpa se nizcaya kaise hogA ki hamArA moha nivRtta ho gayA hai? yadi loka meM prasiddha vyavahAra kA atikramaNa ho jAne se nizcaya honA mAnA jAegA, to phira vaha prasiddha vyavahAra kauna hai? yadi buddha ke zAstroM dvArA dikhalAyA gayA vyavahAra prasiddha kahA jAegA, taba to kapila, kaNAda, gautama Adi ke zAstroM dvArA dikhalAyA gayA vyavahAra prasiddha kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai? yadi una kapila Adi ke zAstra dvArA pradarzita kiye gaye vyavahAra meM vyavahArI jIvoM kI anukUla vartanA nahIM hai, ata: vyavahAra prasiddha nahIM hai, aisA kahoge to jaise vyavahArI manuSyoM kA sugata-zAstroM meM kahA gayA vyavahAra prasiddhasvarUpa hokara vyavasthita hai, usakA bhI atikramaNa ho jaaegaa| aura vahA~ to moha kI nivRtti pahale se hI siddha hai| aisI dazA meM usake lie banAye gaye una zAstroM dvArA kyA lAbha huA? yadi zAstra se usa moha kI nivRtti karanA iSTa nahIM hai taba to tumhAre yahA~ zAstroM kA banAnA vyAghAtayukta kyoM na ho jAvegA? (zAstroM ko mAnakara bhI tadanusAra prameya ko nahIM mAnanA vyAghAta doSa hai)|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 61 yuktyA yanna ghaTAmeti dRSTvApi zraddadhe na tt| iti bruvan pramANatvaM yuktyA zraddhAtumarhati // 64 // __na kevalaM vyavahArI dRSTaM dRSTamapi tattvaM yuktyA zraddhAtavyaM / sA ca yuktiH zAstreNa vyutpaadyte| tato zAstrapraNItiAhateti bruvan kasyacitpramANatvaM yuktyaiva shrddhaatumrhti|| tathAsati pramANasya lakSaNaM nAvatiSThate / parihartumativyApterazakyatvAtkathaMcana // 65 // pramANasya hi lakSaNamavisaMvAdanaM tacca yathA saugatairupagamyate tathA yuktyA na ghaTata evAtivyAptertuHpariharatvAdityuktaM svapnAdijJAnasya prmaanntvaapaadnaat|| kSaNakSayAdibodhe'vimuktyabhAvAcca duussyte| pratyakSepi kimavyAptyA taduktaM naiva lakSaNam // 66 // kSaNikeSu vibhinneSu paramANuSu srvtH| saMbhavopyavimokSasya na pratyakSAnumAnayoH // 67 // : na hi. vastunaH kSaNakSaye sarvato vyAvRttirna sa paramANusvabhAve vA pratyakSamapi ____ jo koI padArtha yukti (hetuvAda) se ghaTanA ko prApta nahIM hotA hai, usako dekhakara bhI maiM zraddhAna nahIM karatA huuN| isa prakAra kahane vAlA pramANa bhI yukti se zraddhAna karane ke lie yogya hogaa| arthAt pramANa kevala vyavahAra se hI nahIM mAnA jAtA hai, apitu use yuktisiddha bhI honA cAhie // 64 // vyavahArI mAnava ko laukika janoM ke dekhe hue padArtha kA zraddhAna nahIM kara lenA cAhie, kintu usako dekhe hue tattva kA bhI yukti se nizcaya karake zraddhAna karanA cAhie aura vaha yuktizAsra dvArA samajhI jAtI hai| ataH zAstroM ko banAnA vyAghAta yukta nahIM hai| isa prakAra kahane vAlA bauddha kisI ke pramANa kA bhI yuktiyoM se hI zraddhAna karane ke lie yogya hotA hai| usI prakAra bauddhoM dvArA mAnA gayA pramANa kA lakSaNa ThIka vyavasthita nahIM hai, kyoMki svapna Adi avasthA ke jJAnoM meM lakSaNa ke cale jAne se ativyApti doSa kA parihAra kaise bhI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| ("ataH avisaMvAdijJAnaM pramANaM" -yaha lakSaNa ThIka nahIM hai)||65|| pramANa kA vaha avisaMvAdIpanA lakSaNa jisa prakAra bauddhoM ne svIkAra kiyA, usa prakAra yuktiyoM se ghaTita nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki svapna, bhrAnta Adi ke jJAnoM ko pramANapane kA ApAdana karane se ativyApti doSa kA parihAra karanA atIva duHsAdhya hai| isa bAta ko hama pUrva meM kaha cuke haiN| ___ tathA arthakriyA kA abhAva nahIM hone se kSaNikatva, saMgIta Adi ke jJAna meM vaha lakSaNa nahIM jAtA hai ata: pratyakSa meM bhI lakSaNa ke na ghaTane se avyApti doSa se vaha lakSaNa dUSita ho jAtA hai ata: bauddhoM kA kahA gayA vaha lakSaNa ThIka nahIM hai| tathA pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANa ke viSayabhUta mAne gaye kSaNika aura vizeSa rUpa se bhinna-bhinna par3e hue paramANuoM meM avimokSa rUpa, arthakriyAsthitikA saba ora se sambhava nahIM hai ataH pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANoM meM lakSaNa ke nahIM ghaTane se asambhava doSa bhI hai||66-67|| . vastu ke kSaNikatva meM sabhI ora se vyAvRtti yAnI avicalapanA nahIM hai ataH anumAna meM lakSaNa nahIM jAtA hai aura paramANusvarUpa svalakSaNa meM avisaMvAda ke na hone se pratyakSa bhI saMvAdasvarUpa nahIM hai
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 62 saMvAdalakSaNamavimokSAbhAvAdityuktaM prAk / pratyakSAnumAnayorvA vimokSasyAsaMbhavAdavyAptyA vAsaMbhavena ca tallakSaNaM dUSyata eva, tatotivyAptyavyAptyasaMbhavadoSopadrutaM na yuktimllkssnnmvisNvaadnm|| ajJAtArthaprakAzazzellakSaNaM prmaarthtH| gRhItagrahaNAnna syAdanumAnasya mAnatA // 68 // pratyakSeNa gRhItepi kssnniktvaadivstuni| samAropavyavacchedAtprAmANyaM laiMgikasya cet // 69 // smRtyAdivedanasyAtaH prmaanntvmpiissytaam| mAnadvaividhyavidhvaMsanibaMdhanamabAdhitam // 70 // mukhyaM prAmANyamadhyakSe'numAne vyAvahArikam / iti bruvanna bauddhaH syAt pramANe lakSaNadvayam // 71 // cArvAkopi hyevaM pramANadvayamicchatyeva pratyakSamekameva pramANamagauNatvAt pramANasyeti vacanAdanumAnasya gaunnpraamaannyaaniraakrnnaat|| tatrApUrvArthavijJAnaM nizcitaM baadhvrjitm| pramANamiti yopyAha sopyetena nirAkRtaH // 72 // gRhItagrahaNAbhedAdanumAnAdi saMvidaH / pratyabhijJAnanirNItanityazabdAdivastuSu // 73 // isako hama pahale kaha cuke haiN| athavA pratyakSa aura anumAna meM se eka meM yA donoM meM avimokSarUpa avisaMvAda ke asambhava hone se avyApti aura asambhava doSa dvArA vaha pramANa kA lakSaNa avisaMvAda dUSita ho hI jAtA hai ataH bauddhoM ke yahA~ pramANa kA lakSaNa ativyApti, avyApti aura asambhava doSoM se yukta hone se avisaMvAdasvarUpa lakSaNa yuktisahita nahIM hai| "ajJAtArtha (apUrva artha) kA prakAza karanA yadi paramArtha rUpa se pramANa kA lakSaNa mAnA jAegA to anumAna ko pramANapanA nahIM prApta hogA (kyoMki vastubhUta jisa kSaNikatva ko nirvikalpaka pratyakSa ne jAna liyA thA usI grahaNa kiye hue artha kA anumAna dvArA grahaNa huA hai ataH anumAna jJAna ke bhI pramANatA nahIM ho sakatI) yadi kaho ki kSaNikatva, svargaprApaNa zakti Adi vastubhUta padArthoM kA pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA grahaNa ho jAne para bhI kisI kAraNavaza utpanna saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya aura ajJAnarUpa samAropa ke nirAkaraNa karane vAlA hone se anumAna jJAna ko pramANapanA hai| taba to smRti, vyAptijJAna Adi ko bhI samAropa kA vyavacchedaka hone se pramANapanA svIkAra karanA cAhie jo ki tuma bauddhoM dvArA mAne hue pratyakSa anumAna pramANoM kI dvividhapana ke vinAza kA kAraNa hai| pratyakSa meM pramANapanA mukhyarUpa se ghaTatA hai aura anumAna meM pramANapanA kevala vyavahAra ko sAdhane ke lie mAna liyA gayA hai| isa prakAra pramANa meM do lakSaNoM ko kahane vAlA bauddha to buddha nahIM hai (arthAt jJAnI nahIM hai)||68-71|| cArvAka, mImAMsaka Adi anya mata kA khaNDana : isa prakAra cArvAka bhI do pramANoM ko hI mAnatA hai| cArvAka kA kahanA hai ki pratyakSa hI eka pramANa hai, kyoMki vaha pratyakSa pramANa agauNa (pradhAna) hotA hai| pratyakSa kI sahAyatA se hone vAle anumAna pramANa gauNa hai| isa kathana se cArvAka ne anumAna ke gauNa pramANapana kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA hai| arthAt mukhya rUpa se to pratyakSa hI pramANa hai; parantu gauNa rUpa se anumAna ko bhI pramANa mAnA hai| jo kahatA hai ki pahale nizcita nahIM kiye hue apUrva artha kA bAdhAoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *63 naM pratyabhijJAnanirNIteSu nityeSu zabdAtmAdiSvartheSvanumAnAdisaMvidaH pravartate pissttpessnnvdvaiyrthyaadnvsthaaprsNgaacc| tato na gRhItagrahaNamityayuktaM, darzanasya parArthatvAdityAdi shbdaanitytvsaadhnsyaabhyupgmaat| tata eva tatsAdhanaM na punaH pratyabhijJAnAdityasAraM, nityaH zabdaH pratyabhijJAyamAnatvAdityatra hetvsiddhiprsNgaat| pratyabhijJAyamAnatvaM hi hetuH tadA siddhaH syAdyadA sarveSu pratyabhijJAnaM pravarteta tacca pravartamAnaM zabdanityatve pravartate na zabdarUpamAtre prtyksstvvdnekaaNtaarthprsNgaat| yadi punaH se rahita aura nizcayAtmaka vijJAna honA pramANa hai, use bhI isa kathana se nirAkRta kara diyA gayA samajha lenA cAhie (arthAt-bauddhoM ke ajJAta artha ko prakAza karane vAle pramANa ke samAna mImAMsakoM kA sarvathA apUrva artha ko jAnane vAlA jJAna pramANa hai, yaha siddhAnta bhI anumAna ko pramANapanA na bana sakane ke kAraNa khaNDanIya hai)| anumAna, pratyabhijJAna, tarka Adi saMvittiyoM ko gRhIta kA grahaNa karanApane kI apekSA abheda hone se yaha vahI zabda hai yaha vahI AtmA hai| isa prakAra ke pratyabhijJAna dvArA nirNIta kiye gaye zabda, AtmA Adi nitya vastuoM meM anumAna Adi kI pravRtti hotI hai (ataH kathaMcit gRhItagrAhI ko bhI pramANa mAnane meM koI kSati nahIM hai)|72-73|| pratyabhijJAna se nizcita kiye gaye zabda, AtmA Adi nitya arthoM meM anumAna Adi jJAna pravRtti nahIM karate haiM kyoMki pise hue ko pIsane ke samAna jAne hue ko jAnanA vyartha hai| tathA jAne hue ko jAnanA aura . phira jAne hue ko tIsarI bAra jAnanA ityAdi anavasthA doSa kA bhI prasaMga AtA hai ata: anumAna Adi saMvittiyoM ko gRhIta kA grAhakapanA nahIM hai| usa prakAra kahanA bhI ayukta hai kyoMki svayaM mImAMsakoM ne darzana yAnI zabda ko parArtha mAnA hai| "darzanasya parArthatvAt" ityAdi grantha meM zabda ke nityapana kI siddhi honA bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| usa anumAna se hI zabda kI nityatA siddha ho jAtI hai to phira pratyabhijJAna se zabda kI nityatA ko siddha nahIM kreNge| arthAt kisI zabda meM pratyabhijJAna se aura anya zabda meM anumAna se nityatA siddha ho jAtI hai| eka hI zabda meM do pramANoM se nityatA ko sAdhane kA vyartha parizrama nahIM karanA caahie| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM kA kahanA bhI niHsAra hai kyoMki isameM zabda nitya hai, pratyabhijJAna kA viSaya hone se isa anumAna meM diye gaye hetu kI asiddhi kA prasaMga AtA hai| pratyabhijJAyamAna hetu taba siddha ho sakegA jaba sampUrNa zabdoM meM pratyabhijJAna pravRtti karegA tathA sarva zabdoM meM pravartatA huA zabda ke nityapane meM pravRtti kregaa| kevala zabda ke svarUpa meM pratyakSapana ke samAna yadi pratyabhijJAna kA viSayapanA rahatA hai taba to aneka dharma vAle artha kI siddhi kA prasaMga AtA hai| (arthAt pratyabhijJAna se jAna liye gaye nityatva ko anumAna dvArA jAnA hai, ata: sarvathA apUrva artha kA vijJAna karanA yaha pramANa kA nirdoSa lakSaNa nahIM bana sakatA hai| isameM avyApti doSa AtA hai)| - mImAMsaka kahe ki yadyapi pratyabhijJAna se zabda, AtmA Adi ke nityatva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, kintu phira bhI kisI kAraNa se ajJAna, saMzaya Adi samAropa kI utpatti ho jAtI hai, ata: usa samAropa ke nivAraNArtha pravRtta huA anumAna pramANa apUrvArtha hI hai, pUvArthagrAhI nahIM hai| arthAt jAna liyA gayA bhI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 64 pratyabhijJAnAnnityazabdAdisiddhAvapi kutazcitsamAropasya prasUtestadvyavacchedArthamanumAnaM na pUrvArthamiti mataM tadA smRtitarkAderapi pUrvArthatvaM mA bhUt tata eva / tathA ca svaabhimtprmaannsNkhyaavyaaghaat:| kathaM vA pratyabhijJAnaM gRhItagrAhi pramANamiSTaM taddhi pratyakSameva vA tato'nyadeva vA pramANaM syaat|| pratyakSaM pratyabhijJA cedgrahItagrahaNaM bhvet| tatonyaccettathApyevaM pramANAMtaratA ca te // 74 // na hyananubhUtArthe pratyabhijJA srvthaatiprsNgaat| nApyasmaryamANe yato grahItagrAhiNI na bhvet|| . pratyakSeNAgrahIterthe pratyabhijJA prvrtte| pUrvottaravivartakagrAhAccennAkSajatvataH // 75 // pUrvottarAvasthayoryadvyApakamekatvaM tatra pratyabhijJA pravartate na pratyakSeNa paricchinnevasthAmAtre padArtha samAropa ho jAne se apUrvArtha ke sadRza hai| isa prakAra yadi mImAMsakoM kA mantavya hai taba to smRti, vyAptijJAna, svArthAnumAna Adi ke dvArA bhI pUrvagRhIta artha kA grAhakapanA nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki smRti Adika bhI to asmaraNa Adi samAropa ko dUra karane ke lie avatIrNa hote haiN| tathA isase (smRti Adi ko pramANa mAna lene para) mImAMsakoM ke dvArA pA~ca yA chaha pramANoM kI saMkhyA kA vyAghAta ho jAtA hai (arthAt-pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, zAbda, arthApatti aura abhAva ina chaha pramANoM meM antarbhAva nahIM hoM sakane ke kAraNa smRti, vyAptijJAna Adi ko bhinna pramANa mAnane para pramANoM kI abhISTa saMkhyA kA vyAghAta ho jAtA hai), tathA mImAMsakoM ke gRhIta kA grahaNa karane vAlA pratyabhijJAna pramANa kaise ho sakatA hai? vA mImAMsakoM ke dvArA mAne gaye pA~ca yA chaha pramANoM meM se vaha pratyabhijJAna pratyakSapramANa rUpa hogA athavA usa pratyakSa se bhinna hI koI dUsarA pramANa hogA? ___ yadi pratyabhijJAna ko pratyakSapramANa mAnA jAyegA to vaha gRhIta kA grAhI hI hogaa| yadi usa pratyakSa se anyajJAna ko pratyabhijJAna mAnoge to bhI tumhAre mata meM iSTa pramANoM se atirikta anya pramANa ko mAnane kA prasaMga aayegaa||74|| pUrva meM hyananubhUta artha meM to pratyabhijJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki sarvathA aisA mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| arthAt navIna padArthoM ko dekhakara sadA pratyabhijJAna hotA rahegA, tathA smaraNa nahIM kiye bhAvArtha : anubhava aura smaraNa se jAna liye gaye artha meM pratyabhijJAna kI pravRtti hotI hai| ata: vaha gRhItagrAhI hI hai| pUrvaparyAya aura uttaraparyAya meM rahane vAle ekapana kA grahaNa pratyabhijJAna karatA hai (usa ekapana kA grahaNa pratyakSa aura smaraNa nahIM kara sakatA hai|) ata: pratyakSa se agRhIta artha meM pratyabhijJA pravartta hotI hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki, unake mata meM pratyabhijJAna ko indriyoM se utpanna mAnA gayA hai (jo indriyoM ke sAtha anvayavyatireka rakhatA hai, vaha indriyajanya hI hotA hai kintu indriyoM kI usa ekatva meM pravRtti nahIM hai)||75|| pUrva avasthA aura uttara avasthA meM jo vyApaka ekatva hai, usa ekatva meM pratyabhijJAna pravarta hotA hai kintu pratyakSa se jJAta, anubhava meM, Agata vartamAna avasthA meM athavA smRti meM Agata pUrva avasthA meM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 65 smaryamANenubhUyamAne vA tato na grahItagrAhiNI cet tat nendriyajatvAttasyAH kathamanyathA prtykssetrbhaavH| na ceMdriyaM pUrvottarAvasthayoratItavartamAnayoH vartamAne tadekatve pravartituM samarthaM vartamAnArthagrAhitvAt saMbaMdhaM vartamAna ca gRhyate cakSurAdibhiriti vcnaat|| pUrvottaravivartAkSajJAnAbhyAM sopjnyte| tanmAtramiticetkveyaM tadbhinnaikatvavedinI // 76 // na hi pUrvottarAvasthAbhyAM bhinne ca sarvathaikatve tatparicchedibhyAmakSajJAnAbhyAM janyamAnaM pratyabhijJAnaM pravartate smaraNavat sNtaanaaNtraiktvvdvaa|| vivartAbhyAmabhedazcedekatvasya kathaMcana / tadgrAhiNyAH kathaM na syAtpUrvArthatvaM smRteriva // 77 // yadyavasthAbhyAmekatvasya kathaMcidabhedAttadgrAhIMdriyajJAnAbhyAM janitAyA: pratyabhijJAyA grahaNaM na virudhyate pratyabhijJAna pravRtti nahIM karatA hai ata: vaha pratyabhijJAna gRhIta viSaya ko grahaNa karane vAlA nahIM hai| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha pratyabhijJAna indriyajanya hai| anyathA (pratyabhijJAna ko indriyoM se janya nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) pratyakSa meM usakA antarbhAva kaise kiyA jA sakegA? indriyA~ to vyatIta pUrva avasthA aura vartamAna meM sthita uttara avasthA meM vartamAna ekatva meM pravRtti karane ke lie samartha nahIM hai kyoMki indriyoM kA svabhAva vartamAna kAla ke artha ko grahaNa karane kA hai| tumhAre granthoM meM aisA kathana hai ki sambadva hue aura vartamAna kAla ke sthita arthoM ko cakSu Adi indriyoM dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai (aisI dazA meM ekatva ko jAnane vAlA pratyabhijJAnaindriyoM se kaise utpanna ho skegaa?)| .. pUrva ke vivarta paryAyoM ko jAnane vAlA indriyajanya jJAna aura uttara avasthA ko jAnane vAlA indriyajanya jJAna ina do jJAnoM se vaha pratyabhijJAna utpanna hotA hai aura kevala usa ekatva ko viSaya karatA hai, taba vaha pratyabhijJA una donoM vivartoM se (paryAyoM se) bhinna ekatva ko jAnane vAlA kahA~ huA? (do vivartI se ekatva ko abhinna mAnane para to pratyabhijJAna gRhItagrAhI ho jaayegaa)||76|| pUrva aura uttara avasthA se sarvathA bhinna ekatva meM una donoM avasthAoM ko jAnane vAle do indriya jJAna se utpanna huA pratyabhijJAna pravRtti nahIM karatA hai jaise ki smaraNajJAna anubhUta se sarvathA bhinna artha meM pravRtta nahIM karatA hai| athavA santAnoM kA ekapanA bAlya avasthA, kumAra avasthAoM meM rahane vAle ekatva se sarvathA bhinna hai| usameM ekapana ko jAnane vAlA pratyabhijJAna jaise pravRtti nahIM karatA hai| ___pUrva aura uttara donoM paryAyoM se ekatva kA kathaMcit abheda mAnA jAyegA to usa ekatva ko grahaNa karane vAlA pratyabhijJAna smRti ke samAna pUrvagRhIta artha kA grAhIpanA kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt smRti jaise pUrva artha ko grahaNa karatI hai, vaise hI pUrva, uttara kI paryAyoM se abhinna ekatva ko jAnane vAlA pratyabhijJAna bhI pUrva artha kA grAhI hai, sarvathA apUrva artha kA nahIM // 77 / / - yadi do avasthAoM se ekatva kA kathaMcit abheda hone ke kAraNa una pUrva apara avasthAoM ke grahaNa karane vAle do indriyajanya jJAnoM se utpanna huI pratyabhijJA kA grahaNa karanA viruddha nahIM hotA hai apitu
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 66 sarvathAbhede tadvirodhAditi matistadAsyAH kathaM pUrvArthatvaM na syAt smRtivt| kathaMcitpUrvArthatve vA sarvaM pramANaM naikAMtenApUrvArthaM / tadvadevaM ca tatrApUrvArthavijJAnaM prmaannmitysNbNdh| etenAnumAnameva pratyabhijJAnapramANAMtarameva ceti pratyAkhyAtaM, sarvathApyapUrvArthatvanirAkRteH sarvapramANAnAM pramANAMtarAsiddhiprasaMgAcca / tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmajJAnaM maanmitiiytaa| lakSaNena gatArthatvAdvyarthamanyadvizeSaNam // 7 // gRhItamagRhItaM vA svArthaM yadi vyavasyati / tanna loke na zAstreSu vijahAti pramANatAm // 79 // bAdhavarjitatApyeSA nAparA svaarthnishcyaat| sa ca prabAdhyate ceti vyAghAtAnmugdhabhASitam // 8 // donoM avasthAoM se ekatva kA sarvathA bheda hone para virodha hotA hai| aisA mAnate haiM taba to isa pratyabhijJA ko smRtijJAna ke samAna pUrvagRhIta artha kA grAhIpanA kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt pUrvavivarta aura uttara vivarta do jJAnoM se jAnI jA cukI donoM vivarto se abhinna ekatva ko pratyabhijJA jAna rahI hai, taba to pratyabhijJAna ne gRhIta artha ko hI jAnA hai| yadi kathaMcit pUrva meM gRhIta artha ko grahaNa karanA mAnA jAtA hai to sabhI pramANa ekAnta se apUrva artha ko hI jAnane vAle haiM aisA siddha hotA hai ata: usI ke samAna pratyabhijJAna yA smaraNa apUrva artha ke grAhI nahIM hai| tathA isa prakAra "tatrApUrvArthavijJAnaM" isa kArikA dvArA jo sarvathA apUrva artha ke grAhaka jJAna ko pramANa kahA gayA hai, usakA yaha kahanA asambaddha hai (pUrvAparaviruddha sahita pratyabhijJAna pratyakSa pramANa nahIM hai, yaha ukta kathana se siddha kara diyA gayA hai| isa kathana se anumAna pramANarUpa hI pratyabhijJAna hai| athavA Agama, arthApattisvarUpa dUsare pramANarUpa pratyabhijJAna hai, yaha bhI khaNDita ho gayA hai, aisA samajha lenA caahie| kyoMki sabhI pramANoM ko sabhI prakAroM se apUrva artha ke grAhakapana kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai aisA mAnane para anya pramANoM kI asiddhi hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt-pratyakSa ke atirikta prAyaH sabhI pramANa kathaMcit jJAta hue pUrva artha ko jAnate haiM ataH sarvathA apUrva artha ke grAhaka hI jJAna ko pramANa mAnane para anya pramANoM kI siddhi nahIM ho skegii| sva aura artha kA nizcaya karane vAlA jJAna hI pramANa hai| itane lakSaNa se sarva prayojana siddha ho jAte haiN| ata: anya sarvathA apUrva artha kA grAhakapana, bAdhavarjitapanA, lokasammatapanA Adi vizeSaNa vyartha haiN||7|| jo jJAna grahaNa kiye jA cuke athavA gRhIta nahIM hue bhI apane aura artha ko yadi nizcaya karatA hai, to vaha jJAna loka meM aura zAstroM meM bhI pramANapane ko nahIM chor3atA hai||79|| __isa pramANa lakSaNa meM mImAMsakoM ne jo bAdhavarjitapanA pramANa ke lakSaNa meM likhA hai, so vaha bAdhavarjitapanA bhI sva aura artha ke nizcaya se koI bhinna nahIM hai| jaba sva aura artha kA nizcaya ho gayA hai, to vaha phira kisI bhI pramANa se bAdhita nahIM ho sktaa| jo bAdhita hai, vaha svArtha nizcaya nahIM hai aura jo svArtha nizcaya Atmaka jJAna hai, vaha bAdhita nahIM hai ataH svArthanizcaya meM bhI vyabhicAranivAraNArtha
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 67 bAdhakodayataH pUrvaM vartate svaarthnishcyH| tasyodaye tu bAdhyetetyetadapyavicAritam // 8 // apramANAdapi jnyaanaatprvRtternussNgtH| bAdhakodbhUtitaH pUrvaM pramANaM viphalaM ttH||8|| bAdhakAbhAvavijJAnAtpramANatvasya nishcye| pravRttyaMge tadeva syAtpratipattuH pravartakam // 83 // tasyApi ca pramANatvaM baadhkaabhaavvednaat| parasmAdityavasthAnaM kva nAmaivaM labhemahi // 8 // bAdhakAbhAvabodhasya svArthanirNItireva cet / bAdhakAMtarazUnyatvanirNItiH prathametra sA // 85 / / saMpratyayo yathA yatra tathA ttraastvitiirnne| bAdhakAmAvavijJAnaparityAgaH samAgataH // 86 // yaccArthavedane bAdhAbhAvajJAnaM tadeva nH| syAdarthasAdhanaM bAdhasadbhAvajJAnamanyathA // 87 // bAdhArahitapanA lagAnA mugdhamAnava kA kathana hai| bAdhaka pramANa ke udaya se pahale sva aura artha kA nizcaya hai pIche usa bAdhaka kA udaya hone para svArthanizcaya bAdhita ho jAtA hai yaha kahanA bhI avicArita hai| isa prakAra to apramANajJAna se bhI pravRtti hone kA prasaMga AtA hai, kyoMki, pravRtti ho cukane para bAdhaka ke udaya hone se pahilA jJAna bAdhya hogA ataH bAdhaka ke utpanna hone se pahile pramANa viphala ho jAtA hai||8081-82|| arthAt padArthoM kA nirNaya karake bhI jo jJAna anumAna Adi ke dvArA bAdhita ho jAtA hai vA usakA pratyakSAdi jJAna ke dvArA khaNDana ho jAtA hai vaha jJAna apramANa hI hai usako pramANita svIkAra karanA niSphala - yadi mImAMsaka kahe ki bAdhakAbhAva ke vijJAna se pramANapana kA nizcaya karane ko pravRtti kA aMga mAnA hai, taba to hama syAdvAdI kaha sakate haiM ki vaha bAdhakAbhAva kA jJAna hI pratipattA kA pravartaka hai| athavA usa bAdhakAbhAva ke vijJAna kA pramANapanA dUsare bAdhakAbhAva jJAna se nizcita hogA aura dUsare kA pramANapanA tIsare bAdhakAbhAva jJAna se jJAta hogaa| isa prakAra hama kahA~ avasthiti ko prApta kara sakeMge? arthAt kahIM * bhI avasthiti nahIM hone se anavasthA doSa ho jAegA // 83-84 // . yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki bAdhakAbhAva jJAna kA svArtha nirNaya karanA hI anya bAdhakoM kI zUnyatA kA nirNaya karanA hai, ata: tIsare cauthe Adi bAdhakAbhAvoM ke jJAnoM kI AkAMkSA nahIM hogI aura anavasthA doSa bhI nahIM hogaa| isakA samAdhAna karate hue jainAcArya kahate haiM ki pahile jJAna meM bhI svataMtra bAdhakAbhAva jJAna kyoM mAnA jAtA hai (prathama jJAna dvArA sva aura artha kA nirNaya karanA hI bAdhakAbhAvoM kA nirNaya karanA hai ataH pramANa ke lakSaNa meM bAdhakAbhAva vizeSaNa kA lagAnA vyartha hai)?||85|| . jisa prakAra jahA~ vAstavika nirNaya ho jAtA hai, vahA~ vaisI vyavasthA kara lI jAtI hai| isa prakAra kahane para to bAdhakAbhAva ke vijJAna kA parityAga ho jAtA hai (yAnI sva aura artha kA nirNaya ho jAnA hI bAdhakAbhAva hai| jahA~ svArtha kA nizcaya hai, vahA~ koI bhI bAdhaka phaTakane nahIM pAtA hai)||86|| jaise artha ko jAnane meM mImAMsakoM ne bAdhakoM ke abhAva ko jJAna mAnA hai, vahIM hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ sva artha ko sAdhane vAlA jJAna mAnA gayA hai| aura dUsare prakAra kA (yAnI svArtha ko nahIM sAdhane vAlA) jJAna to bAdhakoM ke sadbhAva kA jJAna hai / / 87 / / arthAt svArtha kA nirNaya nahIM karane vAlA jJAna bAdhA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 68 tatra dezAMtarAdIni vApekSya yadi jAyate / tadA sunizcitaM bAdhAbhAvajJAnaM na cAnyathA // 48 // aduSTakAraNArabdhamityetacca vishessnnm| pramANasya na sAphalyaM prayAtyavyabhicArataH // 89 // duSTakAraNajanyasya svArthanirNItyasaMbhavAt / sarvasya vedanasyotthaM tata evAnumAnataH // 10 // svaarthnishcaayktvenaadussttkaarnnjnytaa| tathA ca tattvamityetatparasparasamAzritam // 11 // yadi kAraNadoSasyAbhAvajJAnaM ca gamyate / jJAnasyAduSTahetUtthA tadA syaadnvsthitiH||12|| hetudoSavihInatvajJAnasyApi prmaanntaa| svahetudoSazUnyatvajJAnAttasyApi sA tataH // 93 // gatvA sudUramekasya tadabhAvepi maantaa| yadISTA tadvadeva syAdAdyajJAnasya sA na kim // 14 // evaM na bAdhavarjitatvamaduSTakAraNArabdhatvaM lokasaMmatatvaM vA pramANasya vizeSaNaM sphlpuurvaarthvt| svArthavyavasAyAtmakatvamAtreNa sunizcitAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvAtmanA pramANatvasya vA vyavasthiterapi parIkSakaiH prtipttvym|| varjita nahIM hai| isa prakaraNa meM dezAntara, kAlAntara Adi kI apekSA se yadi vaha jJAna utpanna hotA hai, taba to bAdhakoM ke abhAva kA jJAna nizcita ho sakatA hai, anyathA nizcita nahIM hai| sabhI deza aura sabhI kAloM meM bAdhakoM ke nahIM hone kA yadi nirNaya ho jAtA hai to bAdhakAbhAva jJAna pramANatA kA hetu ho sakatA hai kevala kabhI, kahIM aura kisI eka vyakti ko bAdhakoM kA abhAva to mithyAjJAnoM ke hone para bhI ho sakatA hai parantu vaha pramANa nahIM ho sakatA // 88 // pramANa ke sAmAnya lakSaNa meM diyA gayA nirdoSa kAraNoM se janyapanA yaha pramANa kA vizeSaNa bhI vyabhicAra rahitapane se saphalatA ko prApta nahIM ho sakatA hai tathA jo jJAna duSTa kAraNoM se janya hai, usake dvArA sva aura artha kA nirNaya honA hI asambhava hai ataH pramANa kA lakSaNa svArtha nizcaya hI paryApta hai tathA anumAna se bhI isa prakAra sampUrNa jJAnoM kI nirdoSa kAraNoM se utpatti hone kA nirNaya honA asambhava hai kyoMki usa anumAna kI bhI nirdoSa kAraNoM se utpatti ko jAnanA kaThina hai| vyAptijJAna kI nirdoSatA kA parijJAna usase bhI kaThina hai| ___ yadi sva aura artha kA nizcaya kArakapana se jJAna kI nirdoSa kAraNoM se utpannatA jAnI jAegI aura nirdoSa kAraNoM se utpatti hone kA kAraNa vaha svArthanizcAyakapanA mAnA jAe to isameM anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai||89-91|| yadi kAraNa doSa ke abhAva kA jJAna aduSTa hetu ke utpanna jJAna se hotA hai to anavasthA doSa AtA hai|92|| hetu doSa vihInatva jJAna kI pramANatA apane hetu ke doSa zUnyatva jJAna se hotI hai tathA usakI pramANatA dUsare jJAna se hotI hai|93|| bahuta dUra bhI jAkara anavasthA ke nivAraNArtha yadi kisI eka jJAna ko usa nirdoSa kAraNoM se janyapane kA jJAna na hote hue bhI pramANapanA iSTa kara loge to usa dUravartI jJAna ke samAna hI sabase pahile hue jJAna ko bhI nirdoSa kAraNoM se janyapana ke jJAna binA hI vaha pramANatA kyoM nahIM hai? // 94 // isalie pramANa ke svarUpa meM aduSTa kAraNoM se Arabdhatva vaha vizeSaNa avyabhicArI nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *69 svataH sarvapramANAnAM prAmANyamiti kecn| yataH svato'satI zaktiH kartuM nAnyena zakyate // 15 // teSAM svatopramANatvamajJAnAnAM bhavenna kim / tata eva vizeSasyAbhAvAtsarvatra sarvathA // 9 // yathArthabodhakatvena pramANatvaM vyvsthitm| arthAnyathAtvahetUtthadoSajJAnAdapohyate // 17 // tathA mithyaavbhaasitvaadprmaanntvmaaditH| arthayAthAtmyahetUtthaguNajJAnAdapohyate // 18 // yadyathArthAnyathAbhAvAbhAvajJAnaM nigdyte| arthayAthAtmyavijJAnamapramANatvabAdhakam // 19 // isa prakAra bAdhavarjitapanA, nirdoSa kAraNoM se utpannapanA, loka meM acchI prakAra pratiSThitatva, ye pramANa ke lakSaNa meM mImAMsakoM dvArA kahe gaye vizeSaNa saphala nahIM haiM jaise ki apUrvArtha vizeSaNa vyartha hai (naiyAyikoM ne bhI kvacit lokasammatapanA pramANa kA vizeSaNa abhISTa kiyA hai, kintu loka meM kaI pramANa viruddha rIti se bhI pracalita haiM, ata: ve vizeSaNa vyartha haiN| kevala sva aura artha kA nizcaya karA denA svarUpa athavA bAdhaka pramANoM ke asambhava kA acchI prakAra nizcita ho jAnA svarUpa hI pramANapane kI vyavasthA hai yaha parIkSakoM ko zraddhAna karane yogya hai| koI (mImAMsaka) kahate haiM ki sampUrNa pramANoM ko pramANapanA svata: hI prApta ho jAtA hai| arthAt sAmAnyajJAna ke kAraNoM se hI pramANapanA bana jAtA hai, dUsare hetuoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI hai, kyoMki svarUpa se avidyamAna zakti anya kAraNoM se utpanna nahIM kI jA sakatI (miTTI meM bhI jaladhAraNa zakti hai aura vaha ghaTa avasthA meM vyakta ho jAtI hai aise hI jJAna meM pramANapane kI zakti vidyamAna hai aisA nahIM hai ki pahale sAmAnyajJAna utpanna hotA hai aura pIche kisI kAraNa kAraNoM se usa jJAna meM pramANapanA AtA hai)| jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki una mImAMsakoM ke kathanAnusAra saMzaya Adi ajJAnoM kA apramANapanA bhI svataH kyoM na hogA ? kyoMki sarvajJAnoM meM sabhI prakAra se koI vizeSatA nahIM hai arthAt-kyA apramANapane kI zakti pIche kI jA sakatI hai? nhiiN| jaise pramANapanA svataH pUrva se vidyamAna hai, vaise hI apramANapanA bhI pahile se hI vidyamAna rahanA cAhie thaa| phira mImAMsaka apramANapane ko para se utpanna huA yA jAnA gayA kyoM kahate haiM? // 95-96 // jisa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke yahA~ yathArtha bodhakatva se pramANapanA vyavasthita hai, aura artha ke anyathApana tathA jJAna ke kAraNoM meM doSoM kA jJAna utpanna ho jAne se usa pramANapane kA apavAda ho jAtA hai||17|| vaha jJAna apramANa ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra mImAMsakoM ne pramANapanA vyavasthita kiyA thA usI prakAra sabhI jJAna mithyAprakAzaka hone ke kAraNa prathama se apramANarUpa hI vyavasthita haiM, yaha kahA jA sakatA hai| artha ke yathAtmakapane se aura hetuoM meM utpanna hue guNoM ke jJAna se usa apramANapana kA apavAda ho jAtA hai ata: artha kA yathArthapana aura guNayukta kAraNoM ke jJAna hone ke kAraNa pramANapanA parataH hai||98|| ' jaise mImAMsaka loga artha ke anyathApanake abhAva ke jJAna ko hI artha ke yathArthapana kA vijJAnarUpa kahate haiM aura vahI apramANapana kA bAdhaka hai|99||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 70 tathaivAstvarthayAthAtmyAbhAvajJAnaM svata: satAm / arthAnyathAtvavijJAnaM pramANatvApavAdakam // 100 // vijJAnakAraNe doSAbhAvaH prajJAyate gunnH| yathA tathA guNAbhAvo doSaH kiM nAtra manyate // 101 // yathA ca jAtamAtrasyAduSTA netrAdayaH svataH / jAtyaMdhAdestathA duSTAH ziSTaiste kiM na lkssitaaH||102|| dhUmAdayo yathAgnyAdIn vinA na syuH svbhaavtH| dhUmAbhAsAdayastadvattairvinA sNtybaadhitaaH||103|| ___ bhAvArtha : artha kA viparItapana apramANapane ko utpanna karAtA hai aura usakA abhAva svataH prAmANya utpanna ho jAne kA prayojaka ho jAtA hai; anyathApana ke abhAva kA jJAna koI pRthak svataMtra hetu nahIM hai, jise utpanna pramANapanA kahA jAe, kintu artha ke viparItapana kA abhAva jAnanA hI to artha ke yathArthapana kA jAnanA hai ata: vaha artha ke anyathApana se utpanna hone vAle apramANapana kA bAdhaka hokara jJAna meM svata: pramANapanA karA detA hai| apramANapana ko TAlane ke lie hI anya kAraNa kI AvazyakatA hai| pramANapanA to svataH prApta ho jAtA hai| AcArya kahate haiM, isameM yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki artha ke yathArthapana ke abhAva kA jJAna hI artha ke anyathApana kA vijJAna hai| . ___ vaha pramANapane kA apavAda karane vAlA hokara vidyamAna saba jJAnoM ke svata: apramANapana kA vyavasthApaka ho jAtA hai| ata: pramANa aura apramANa donoM ko parata: mAnanA caahie| eka ko svata: aura dUsare ko parataH mAnanA ucita nahIM hai||100 // jaise vijJAna ke kAraNa meM doSoM kA abhAva hI guNa kahA jAtA hai, vaise hI pramANa meM guNoM ke abhAva ko doSa kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai? // 101 // . bhAvArtha : jaise guNa koI svataMtra hokara pRthak hetu nahIM hai; doSa kA abhAva hI guNa hai| usI prakAra doSa koI bhinna svataMtra hetu nahIM hai| kintu guNoM kA abhAva hI doSa hai| aisI dazA meM parata: pramANatA ko utpanna karAne vAle guNoM kA anya kAraNoM dvArA nirAkaraNa ho jAne se svata: hI apramANapana A jAtA hai| yahA~ aisA kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai? jisa prakAra tatkAla utpanna hue bacce ke bhI netra, kAna Adika svata: hI aduSTa jAne jA rahe haiM, usI prakAra janma se andhe puruSa ke netra bhI svata: hI duSTa yA nirguNa ho rahe haiN| isa prakAra ziSToM ke dvArA kyoM nahIM dekhe gaye haiM? ataH aduSTapanA yA nirguNapanA kisI kA bhI nija gA~Tha kA svarUpa nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai||102|| yadi kaho ki agni Adika sAdhyoM ke binA dhUma Adika hetu svabhAva se hI nahIM hote haiM (ataH avinAbhAvasahitapanA dhUmahetu kA svAtmalAbha hai) to usI prakAra dhUmasadRza dikhane vAle dhUmAbhAsa Adika hetvAbhAsa bhI to una agnisadRza dikhane vAle agryAbhAsa Adi ke binA nahIM ho sakate haiM ataH dhUmAbhAsa Adika bhI abAdhita hokara svabhAva se svataH apramANapana ke vyavasthApaka ho jAyeMge, yAnI pramANapana ke samAna anumAna meM apramANapana kI bhI svataH vyavasthA ho jAegI use kauna roka sakatA hai ? // 103 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 71 yathA zabdAH svtstttvprtyaaynpraastthaa| zabdAbhAsAstathA mithyaapdaarthprtipaadkaaH||104|| duSTe vaktari zabdasya dosssttsNprtiiyte| guNo guNavatIti syAdvaktradhInamidaM dvayam // 105 // yathA vaktRguNairdoSaH zabdAnAM vinivrtyte| tathA guNopi taddoSairiti spRSTamabhIkSyate // 106 // yathA ca vaktabhAvena na syurdossaastdaashryaaH| tadvadeva guNA na syurmeghadhvAnAdivadhruvam // 107 // tatazca codanAbuddhirna pramANaM na vA prmaa| aaptaanaaptopdeshotthbuddhstttvprsiddhitH||10|| evaM samatvasaMsiddhau prmaanntvetrtvyoH| svata eva dvayaM siddhaM sarvajJAneSvitItare // 109 // ___ yathA pramANAnAM svata: prAmANyaM tathA apramANAnAM svato'prAmANyaM sarvathA vizeSAbhAvAt tayorutpattau svakArye ca sAmaNyaMtarasvagrahaNanirapekSatvopapatteH prkaaraaNtraasNbhvaaditypre|| mImAMsakoM ke darzana meM jisa prakAra zabda svata: hI apane vAcyArtha tattvoM ke samajhAne meM tatpara mAne gaye haiM, usI prakAra zabdAbhAsa bhI mithyApadArthoM ke svata: hI pratipAdaka mAne jA sakate haiM, kyoMki ina donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai| arthAt Agama meM pramANapana ke samAna kuzAstroM meM apramANapana bhI svataH utpanna ho sakatA hai| doSayukta vaktA ke hone para jaise zabda ke doSa pratIta hote haiM, vaise hI guNavAna vaktA ke hone para zabda ke guNa bhI svataMtra dikhate haiM kyoMki guNa-doSa donoM hI vaktA ke AdhIna haiM ata: donoM svataMtra haiM tathA jisa prakAra samIcIna satyavaktA puruSa ke guNoM ke dvArA zabdoM ke doSa nivRtta ho jAte haiM aura aprAmANya ke kAraNa doSoM ke Tala jAne se AgamajJAna meM svataH prAmANya A jAtA hai, usI prakAra jhUTha kahane vAle vaktA ke doSoM ke dvArA zabdoM ke guNa bhI nivRtta ho jAte haiM aisA spaSTa dekhane meM AtA hai| arthAt, prAmANya ke kAraNabhUta guNoM ke na hone se vAcyArtha jJAna meM svataH apramANapanA bhI A jAtA hai phira pramANapana kI hI .svataH utpatti kA Agraha kyoM kiyA jA rahA hai ? jaise vaktA ke abhAva meM usake AdhAra para hone vAle doSa nahIM ho sakate haiM (ataH apramANapana ke kAraNoM ke Tala jAne se svata: hI veda meM pramANapanA A jAtA hai)| usI prakAra hama bhI kaha sakate haiM ki meghazabda, vAtyA (A~dhI) ke zabda Adi meM vaktA ke na hone ke kAraNa hI guNa bhI nahIM haiM ataH nizcaya se unameM apramANapanA svata: utpanna ho jaaegaa||104-105-106-107|| tathA vidhiliGanta veda vAkyoM se utpanna huI karmakANDa kI prerikA buddhi pramANa bhI nahIM hai aura 'apramANa bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki Apta aura anApta ke upadezoM se utpanna huI buddhi ko usa pramANapana aura 'apramANapana kI vyavasthA siddha hai| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke yahA~ pramANapana aura apramANapana donoM kI samAna rUpa se siddhi ho jAne para sampUrNa jJAnoM meM pramANapana aura apramANapana svata: hI siddha ho jAtA hai||108 '109 // hai jisa prakAra pramANajJAnoM ko svataH pramANapanA iSTa hai, usI prakAra apramANabhUta kujJAnoM ko svataH apramANapanA ho jAne meM koI virodha nahIM hai kyoMki sabhI prakAroM se koI antara nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 72 svataH pramANetaraikAMtavAdinaM pratyAha - tannAnabhyAsakAlepi tathA bhaavaanussNgtH| na ca pratIyate tAdRk paratastattvanirNayAt // 110 // svataH prAmANyetaraikAMtavAdinAmabhyAsAvasthAyAmivAnabhyAsadazAyAmapi svata eva pramANatvamitaracca syAdanyathA tadekAMtahAniprasaMgAt / na cedRk pratIyate'nabhyAse parata: pramANatvasyetarasya ca nirnnyaat| na hi tattadA kasyacittathyArthAvabodhakatvaM mithyAvabhAsitvaM vA netuM zakyaM svata eva tasyArthAnyathAtvahetUtthadoSajJAnAdarthayAthAtmyahetUtthaguNajJAnAdvA anpvaadprsNgaat| tathA ca nApramANatvasyArthAnyathAbhAvAbhAvajJAnaM bAdhakaM pramANatvasya vArthAnyathAtvavijJAnaM siddhyet| na cAnabhyAse una donoM kI utpatti meM aura svakIya kArya meM anya sAmagriyoM kI tathA apane grahaNa kI koI apekSA nahIM hai| aisI dazA meM dUsaroM se pramANapana yA apramANapana utpanna karAnA anya kisI prakAra sambhava nahIM hai| isa prakAra koI anya kaha rahe haiN| svataH pramANatA aura parataH pramANatA kA khaNDana karake svata: aura parata: donoM se hotA hai, isakI siddhi : naiyAyika to pramANapane kI jJapti kA honA parataH hI mAnate haiM aura mImAMsaka sabhI jJAnoM meM pramANapanA svata: mAnate haiN| prathama hI jo pramANapana aura apramANapana ko svataH mAnate haiM, una ekAntavAdiyoM ke prati AcArya spaSTa uttara dete haiM pramANapana aura apramANapana kI svata: jJapti ho jAne kA ekAnta karanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para anabhyAsa kAla meM bhI svataH hI pramANapana yA apramANapana ho jAne kA prasaMga AegA kintu vaisI svataH jJapti honA pratIta nahIM ho rahA hai| anabhyAsa dazA meM to anya jJApakoM se tattva (yAnI usa pramANapana yA apramANapana) kA nirNaya hotA hai| arthAt- apanI paricita nadI, sarovara Adi ke jala kI gaharAI ke jJAna meM pramANatA svata: jAnI jAtI hai kintu dezAntara meM jala kI gaharAI ke jJAna meM paropadeza Adi anya jJApakoM se prAmANya jAnA jAtA hai||110|| pramANapana aura usase bhinna apramANapana kA svata: hI jJAna honA mAnane vAle ekAntavAdiyoM ke yahA~ abhyAsadazA ke samAna anabhyAsa dazA meM bhI svata: hI pramANapana aura isase bhinna apramANapana ho jaaegaa| anyathA anabhyAsa dazA meM donoM kI parataH jJapti mAnane para unake apane ekAnta kI hAni ho jAne kA (apane pakSa ke parityAga karane kA) prasaMga aaegaa| kintu aisA pratIta nahIM hotA hai| anabhyAsadazA meM pramANapanA aura apramANapanA dUsare kAraNoM se nirNIta kiyA jAtA hai| kyoMki usa samaya (anabhyAsa dazA meM) vaha pramANapana kisI ke satya artha ke avabodhakapana ko prApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai jisase ki artha ke viparItapana yA kAraNoM meM utpanna hue doSoM ke jJAna se zaMkA prApta apramANapana kA nirAkaraNa hokara apavAdarahita ho jAne ke prasaMga se usa jJAna ko svata: hI pramANapanA jJAta ho sakatA ho tathA anabhyAsa dazA meM vaha apramANapana kisI artha ke mithyAprakAzakapana ko bhI prApta nahIM karAyA jA sakatA hai, jisase ki arthake yathArtha Atmakapana yA kAraNoM meM utpanna hue guNoM ke jJAna se zaMkAprApta pramANapana kA nivAraNa kara apavAdarahita ho jAne se usa jJAna ko apramANapanA svata: hI autsargika jAnA jA ske|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *73 jJAnakAraNeSu doSAbhAvo guNAbhAvo vA guNadoSasvabhAvaH svato vibhAvyate yato jAtamAtrasyAduSTA duSTA vA netrAdayaH pratyakSahetavaH siddheyu: dhUmAditadAbhAsA vAnumAnahetavaH zabdatadAbhAsA vA zAbdajJAnahetavaH pramANAMtarahetavo vA yathopavarNitA iti| kathaM vAnabhyAse duSTo vaktA guNavAn vA svataH zakyovasAtuM yataH zabdasya doSavattvaM guNavattvaM vA vktrdhiinmnurudhyte| tathA vakturguNaiH zabdAnAM doSa upanIyate doSairvA guNa ityetadapi nAnabhyAse svato nirNeyaM, vaktRrahitatvaM vA guNadoSAbhAvanibaMdhanatayA codanAbuddheH pramANetaratvAbhAvanibaMdhanamiti na pramANetaratvayo samatvaM siddhyet svatastannibaMdhanaM sarvathAnabhyAse jJAnAnAmutpattau svakArye ca saamaayNtrsvgrhnnnirpeksstvaasiddheshc| tato na svata eveti yuktmutpshyaamH|| anabhyAsa dazA meM apavAda viSayoM ko TAlakara svataH hI donoM nahIM jAne jA sakate haiM aura aisA hone para viSaya arthake viparItapana kA abhAvajJAna to apramANapane kA bAdhaka nahIM siddha ho sakatA aura jJeya arthake viparItapana kA jJAna pramANapana kA bAdhaka nahIM siddha ho sktaa| artha kA yathArthapana aura viparItapana una apramANapana aura pramANapana ke vahA~ bAdhaka ho jAtA hai| unako dUra karane ke lie anya jJApakoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai tathA anabhyAsa dazA meM jJAna ke kAraNoM meM doSoM kA abhAva athavA guNoM kA abhAva vA guNa yA doSasvarUpa hai, yaha svataH to vicAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai jisase ki usI samaya utpanna hue bacce taka ke bhI netra Adi doSa rahita athavA doSa sahita hote hue ve pratyakSa ke pramANapana aura apramANapana ke kAraNa siddha ho sakeM athavA nirdoSa dhUma Adika hetu aura sadoSa hetvAbhAsa ye anumAna ke pramANapana aura apramANapana ke kAraNa siddha ho skeN| athavA nirdoSa zabda aura sadoSa zabdAbhAsa ye AgamajJAna ke pramANapana evaM apramANapana ke kAraNa siddha ho jaaeN| athavA Apane jisa prakAra anya pratyabhijJAna, arthApatti Adi pramANoM ke hetu varNana kiye haiM, ve nirdoSa aura sadoSa hote hue unake pramANapana aura apramANapana ke hetu siddha ho jaaeN| arthAt anabhyAsa dazA meM sadoSa evaM nirdoSa kAraNoM kA jAnanA kaThina hai| athavA anabhyAsa dazA meM doSavAna vaktA athavA guNavAna vaktA kA svata: hI nirNaya kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai jisase ki mImAMsakoM kA yaha anurodha ho sake ki zabda ko doSayuktapanA aura guNayuktapanA to vaktA ke AdhIna hai| tathA vaktA ke guNoM ke dvArA zabda ke doSoM kA nivAraNa ho jAtA hai aura vaktA ke doSoM se zabda ke guNa dUra kara diye jAte haiN| isa prakAra yaha bhI anabhyAsadazAmeM apane Apa nirNaya karane yogya nahIM hai| athavA veda kA vaktArahitapanA hI guNa aura doSa ke abhAva kA kAraNa ho jAne se vedavAkyajanya jJAna ke pramANapana aura apramANapana ke abhAva kA kAraNa ho jAtA hai, yaha bhI nirNaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, jisase abhyAsa aura anabhyAsa dazA meM pramANapana aura apramANapana kA eka sAdhana siddha ho ske| arthAtdonoM eka se haiN| svataH hone ke athavA parataH jJapti hone ke unake kAraNa eka se haiM aura sarvathA anabhyAsa dazA meM jJAnoM kI utpatti aura svakArya meM bhI anya sAmagrI aura svagrahaNa kA nirapekSapanA asiddha hai| yAnI pramANa ke kArya yathArtha pariccheda athavA "yaha pramANa hai"-aisA nirNaya honA rUpa kArya meM anya sAmagrI kI aura sva ke grahaNa kI jJAna ko apekSA hai| prAmANya kI utpatti meM jJAna ke sAmAnya kAraNoM se atirikta anya kAraNoM kI apekSA pahale batalA dI gayI hai ata: utpatti, jJapti aura svakArya karane meM prAmANya svataH hI hai, yaha ekAntavAdiyoM kA kahanA yukta nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 74 dvayaM parata eveti kecittadapi sAkulam / svabhyastaviSaye tasya parApekSAnabhIkSaNAt // 11 // svabhyastepi viSaye pramANApramANayostadbhAvasiddhau parApekSAyAmanavasthAnApatteH kutaH kasyacitpravRttinivRttI ca syAtAmiti na parata eva tdubhymbhyupgNtvyN|| tatra pravRttisAmarthyAtpramANatvaM prtiiyte| pramANasyArthavattvaM cennAnavasthAnuSaMgataH // 112 // pramANena pratIterthe yttddeshopsrpnnm| sA pravRttiH phalasyAptistasyAH sAmarthya miSyate // 113 // prasUtirvA sajAtIyavijJAnasya yadA tdaa| phalaprAptirapi jJAtA sAmarthyaM nAnyathA sthitiH||114|| tadvijJAnasya cAnyasmAt pravRttibalato ydi| tadAnavasthitistAvatkenAtra pratihanyate // 115 // svatastadbalato jJAnaM pramANaM cettathA na kim| prathamaM kathyate jJAnaM pradveSo nirnibNdhnm||116|| prAmANya aura aprAmANya kI jJapti abhyAsa dazA meM athavA anabhyAsa dazA meM dUsare kAraNoM se hI hotI hai, yaha kisI naiyAyika kA kathana bhI AkulatA sahita hai, kyoMki bhalI bhA~ti abhyAsa ko prApta hue viSaya meM usa prAmANya aprAmANya ke dvaya ko anya kAraNoM kI apekSA rakhanA nahIM dekhA jAtA hai||111|| samyak rUpa se abhyAsa ko prApta kiye gaye bhI viSaya meM pramANa aura apramANa ke usa pramANapana aura apramANapana ke adhigama kI siddhi karane meM yadi anyoM kI apekSA mAnI jAyegI to anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga aaegaa| ata: kisakI kisase pravRtti aura nivRtti ho sakegI? ata: vaha pramANapana aura apramANapana donoM kI jJapti kA para se hI honA nahIM svIkAra karanA caahie| vahA~ naiyAyika yA vaizeSika pravRtti kI sAmarthya se pramANapanA pratIta hotA hai, yaha mAnate haiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra pramANa ko artha sahitapanA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| jaise pramANa ke dvArA artha ke pratIta ho jAne para jo usa prameya ke deza meM jhaTapaTa gamana karatA hai, vaha pravRtti hai yA jalajJAna se jala ko jAnakara snAna, pAna, avagAhanarUpa phala kI prApti ho jAnA usa pravRtti kA sAmarthya hai? athavA jalajJAna kI dRr3hatA ko sampAdana karane ke lie jalajJAna ke samAna jAti vAle dUsare vijJAna kI utpatti ho jAnA sAmarthya hai? vA yadi prathama pakSa grahaNa karoge to snAna, pAna Adi phala kI prApti bhI anyajJAna se honA siddha hogii| anyathA (dUsare prakAroM se) vyavasthA nahIM ho skegii| usa phalaprApti ko jAnane vAle vijJAna kI pramANatA anya kisI pravRtti sAmarthya se yadi jAnI jAvegI to vaha dUsarA pravRtti sAmarthya bhI phalaprApti rUpa hogaa| vaha phalaprApti bhI kisI jJAna se jAnI gaI hokara hI sAmarthya bana sakatI hai nahIM jAnI gayI huI phala prApti to pravRtti sAmarthya bana nahIM sakatI hai ata: atiprasaMga doSa aaegaa| phalaprApti ko puna: jAnane ke lie anya jJAnoM kI AvazyakatA par3egI aura una jJAnoM ko pramANapanA anya pravRtti sAmaryoM se hogaa| taba to yahA~ anavasthA doSa kA pratighAta kisake dvArA ho sakatA hai? // 112115 // anavasthA doSa ke nivAraNa ke lie yadi usa pravRtti kI sAmarthya se hue dUsare jJAna ko pramANapanA svataH mAnA jAtA hai taba to usa prakAra pahalA jJAna bhI svataH pramANarUpa kyoM nahIM mAnA jAe? kAraNa ke binA hI donoM meM se kisI eka ke sAtha vizeSa dveSa karanA samucita nahIM hai||116||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *75 etenaiva sajAtIyajJAnotpattau niveditaa| anavasthAnyatastasya prmaanntvvyvsthiteH||117|| na ca sAmarthya vijJAne praamaannyaanvdhaarnne| tannibaMdhanamAdyasya jJAnasyaitat prsiddhyti||118|| na hyanavadhAritaprAmANyAdvijJAnAt pravRttisAmarthya siddhyati ytonvsthaaprihaarH| pramANatorthapratipattI pravRttisAmarthyAdarthavatpramANamityetadvA bhASyaM sughaTaM syAt pravRttisAmarthyAdasiddhAt prmaannsyaarthvttvaaghttnaat| kiM ca pramANataH pravRttirapi jJAtaprAmANyAdajJAtaprAmANyAdvA syAt / jJAtaprAmANyato mAnAtpravRttau kena vaaryte| parasparAzrayo doSo vRttipraamaannysNvidoH||119|| avijJAtapramANatvAt pravRttizcedvathA bhavet / prAmANyavedanaM vRtteH kSaure nakSatrapRSTivat // 120 // isa ukta kathana se sajAtIya jJAna kI utpatti rUpa pravRttisAmarthya kA bhI nivAraNa kara diyA gayA hai| dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra mAnI gayI sajAtIya jJAna kI utpatti meM bhI anavasthA doSa AtA hai yaha nivedana kiyA hai kyoMki usa dUsare sajAtIya jJAna ko pramANapanA anya sajAtIya jJAna se vyavasthita hotA hai| jaba taka pravatti sAmarthya ke vijJAna meM prAmANya kA nirNaya nahIM hogA taba taka usa pravRtti ke sAmarthya ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hone vAlI Adi ke jJAna kI yaha pramANatA prasiddha nahIM ho sakatI ataH anya jJAnoM ke dvArA pravRtti ke sAmarthya se vijJAna meM prAmANya kA nirNaya karane para anavasthA ho jAtI hai||117-118|| __ jisa pramANa kA nirNaya nahIM hai, usa vijJAna se pravRtti kA sAmarthya siddha nahIM hotA hai jisase ki anavasthA kA parihAra ho ske| anirNIta jJAna meM pramANatA siddha nahIM ho sakatI ataH jo jJAna pramANabhUta nahIM hai usase anavasthA kA parihAra nahIM ho sktaa| pramANa se artha kI pratipatti ho jAne para pravRtti kI sAmarthya se pramANa arthavAn hai isa prakAra yaha nyAyabhASya ghaTita hotA hai| arthAt-naiyAyikoM ke Upara anavasthA doSa lAgU rahegA aura nyAya bhASyakAra kA vacana ghaTita nahIM hogA kyoMki pramANoM se nahIM siddha kiye gaye pravRtti sAmarthya se to pramANa kA arthavAnapanA ghaTita nahIM hotA arthAt apramANabhUta jJAna se artha kI siddhi nahIM hotii| . kiM ca, jAna liyA gayA hai pramANapanA jisakA, aise pramANa se pravRtti karanA mAnate haiM? athavA nahIM jAnA gayA hai prAmANya jisakA aise pramANa se pravRtti honA mAnate haiM? isa prakAra prazna uThate haiM - jAna liyA gayA hai prAmANya jisakA aise pramANa se yadi prameya meM pravRtti honA mAnA jAyegA to pravRtti aura prAmANya jJAna meM anyonyAzraya doSa kaise nivArita kiyA jA sakatA hai? (pravRtti karAne vAle jJAna kA pramANapanA nizcaya ho jAne para usa prAmANyagrasta jJAna se prameya kI pratipatti aura prameya kI pratipatti ho jAne para usameM pravRtti hone kI sAmarthya se pramANapane kA nizcaya honA yaha anyonyAzraya doSa hai)| nahIM jAnA gayA hai prAmANya jisakA aise jJAna se yadi pravRtti honA mAnA jAyegA to. sarvatra prAmANya kA nizcaya karanA vyartha hogaa| jaise ki bAloM ke kATe jAne para phira nakSatra kA pUchanA vyartha hai| arthAt anirNIta pramANa se yadi padArtha kI jAnakArI ho jAtI hai to phira pramANa meM pramANatA kI AvazyakatA hI kyA hai? jaise zira muMDAne ke bAda nakSatra pUchanA vyartha hai, usI prakAra pramANa meM pramANatA ke binA vastu kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, to phira usameM pramANatA svIkAra karanA vyartha hai||119-120||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 76 arthasaMzayato vRttiranenaiva nivaaritaa| anarthasaMzayAdvApi nivRttirviduSAmiva // 121 // paralokaprasiddhyarthamanuSThAnaM prmaanntH| siddhaM tasya bahuklezavittatyAgAtmakatvataH // 122 // iti bruvan mahAyAtrAvivAhAdiSu vrtnm| saMdehAdabhimanyeta jADyAdeva mahattamAt // 123 // ____ paralokArthAnuSThAne mahAyAtrAvivAhAdau ca bahuklezavittatyAgAvizeSepi nizcitaprAmANyAdvedanAdekanAnyatra vartanaM saMdehAcca svayamAcakSANasya kimanyatkAraNamanyatra mhaattmaajjaaddyaat| ekatra parasparAzrayasyAnyatra prAmANyavyavasthApanavaiyarthyasya ca tdvsthtvaat|| tasmAtprekSAvatAM yuktA pramANAdeva nishcitaat| sarvapravRttiranyeSAM saMzayAderapi kvacit // 124 // isI hetu se artha ke saMzaya se hone vAlI vRtti kA nivAraNa kara diyA hai arthAt saMzaya jJAna se artha kI siddhi nahIM hotii| anartha ke saMzaya se bhI vidvAnoM kI anucita kAryoM se jaise nivRtti ho jAtI hai, vaise hI iSTa artha ke saMzaya se padArthoM meM pravRtti ho jAtI hai, yaha pakSa bhI isa ukta kathana se nivArita kara diyA gayA hai| aisA samajha lenA caahie| (prekSApUrvakArI puruSa saMzaya se pravRtti nahIM karate haiN)||121|| paraloka kI prasiddhi ke lie dIkSA, upavAsa, parISahasahana, brahmacarya Adi anuSThAna karanA pramANoM se siddha hai, kyoMki vaha anuSThAna adhikakleza, dhanatyAga, strIputranivAraNa Atmaka hai| atyanta parokSa paraloka kI siddhi ke lie parigraha kA tyAga, putra-ghara Adi kA tyAga, kAyakleza AMtmaka anuSThAnoM ko saMzaya rahita hokara svIkAra karate haiN| aisA kahane vAle jaba atyanta parokSa paraloka ke lie pramANoM se siddha kiye gaye anuSThAnoM meM pravRtti honA mAnate haiM aura bar3I yAtrA, vivAha, Adika. meM saMdeha se pravRtti karanA abhimAna pUrvaka abhISTa karate haiM, taba AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kathana karane vAle ekAntI puruSa mahAmUrkha haiM isameM jar3atA hI kAraNa kahI jA sakatI hai // 122-123 // - paraloka ke artha dIkSA Adi karmoM ke anuSThAna karane meM aura mahAyAtrA, vivAha pratiSThA karma Adi meM bahata kleza aura dhana tyAga vizeSatArahita hone para bhI eka sthala para (paraloka ke lie) to prAmANyanizcaya vAle vedana se pravRtti honA kaha rahe haiM tathA dUsare sthala para vivAha Adi meM naiyAyika loga svayaM saMdeha se pravRtti kara rahe haiN| unake isa kathana se adhika jar3atA ke atirikta dUsarA kyA kAraNa kahA jA sakatA hai? eka sthAna para anyonyAzraya doSa aura dUsare sthAna para pramANapane kI vyavasthA karAne kA vyarthapanA doSa vaise kA vaisA hI avasthita rahatA hai aura saMdeha se pravRtti honA mAnane se jJAnoM meM pramANapana vyartha hotA hai ata: hitAhita vicArane kI buddhi ko dhAraNa karane vAle puruSoM kA sabhI kriyAoM meM nizcita pramANa se hI pravRtti karanA yukta hai| vicAra kara kArya ko nahIM karane vAle dUsaroM ke kisI-kisI kArya meM saMzaya, viparyaya Adi se bhI pravRtti kA honA mAna liyA gayA hai||124||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 77 dvividhA hi pravartitAro dRzyate vicArya pravartamAnA: kecidavicArya caanye| tatraikeSAM nizcitaprAmANyAdeva vedanAt kvacitpravRttiranyathA prekssaavtvvirodhaat| pareSAM saMzayAdviparyayAdvA anyathA'prekSAkAritvavyAghAtAditi yuktaM vaktuM, lokavRttAnuvAdasyevaM ghttnaat| soyamudyotakara: svayaM lokapravRttAnuvAdamupayatprAmANyaparIkSAyAM tadviruddhamabhidadhAtIti kimnydnaatmjnytaayaaH| nanu ca lokavyavahAra prati bAlapaMDitayoH sadRzatvAdaprekSAvattayaiva sarvasya pravRtteH kvacitsaMzayAt pravRttiryuktaivAnyathA'prekSAvataH pravRttyabhAvaprasaMgAditi cet na, tasya kvacitkadAcitprekSAvattayApi prvRttyvirodhaat|| prekSAvatA punarjeyA kdaacitksycitkvcit| aprekSakAritApyevamanyatrAzeSavedinaH // 125 // kAryoM meM pravRtti karane vAle jIva do prakAra ke dekhe jAte haiM-vicAra kara pravRtti karane vAle tathA binA vicAre pravRtti karane vaale| una donoM meM prathama zreNI ke jIvoM kI kisI bhI kArya meM prAmANya ke nizcaya vAle jJAna se hI pravRtti hotI hai| anyathA (yadi prAmANya se nizcaya nahIM karane vAle jJAna se pravRtti karanA mAna liyA jAyegA to) una jIvoM ke vicArazAlinI buddhiyuktatA kA virodha AtA hai| tathA dUsarI zreNI vAle jIvoM ke saMzayajJAna aura viparyayajJAna se bhI kahIM pravRtti hotI hai| anyathA unake vicArakara kArya nahIM karane vAlI buddhi se sahitapane kA vyAghAta hogA, isa prakAra kahanA yukta hai| loka meM aisA hI bartAva dekhA gayA hai ataH yaha naiyAyikoM ke cintAmaNi grantha kI udyota nAmaka TIkA ko karane vAlA vidvAna svayaM loka meM Acarita anuvAda ko svIkAra karatA huA phira pramANapana kI parIkSA karate samaya usase viruddha kaha rahA hai| usameM apanI AtmA ko nahIM pahicAnane ke atirikta aura kyA kAraNa kahA jA sakatA hai-arthAt unakA yaha kathana unakI mUrkhatA ko prakaTa kara rahA hai| prazna : laukika vyavahAra ke prati bAlaka aura paMDita donoM samAna haiM ata: donoM kI hI vicAra rahita buddhi se yukta pravRtti honI cAhie ata: saMzayajJAna se pravRtti ho jAnA yukta hI hai| agara aisA na mAnakara anyathA mAnoge to jaina matAnusAra vicAra nahIM karane vAle ajJajanoM kI pravRtti hone ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| uttara : isa prakAra nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki una saba jIvoM kI kahIM-kahIM kabhI vicArayukta buddhisahitapane se bhI pravRtti ho jAne kA koI virodha nahIM hai| arthAt mUrkha bhI vicAra kara iSTakArya meM pravRtti karatA hai| sarva jIvoM meM se kisI jIva kI buddhiyukta kisI viSaya meM kisI bhI samaya kisI kAraNa se pravRtti hotI hai aura phira isI prakAra kisI jIva ke kahIM kisI samaya binA vicAre kArya karane vAlI buddhi se sahitapanA bhI aMtaraMga bahiraMga kAraNoM se bana jAtA hai| sampUrNa padArthoM ko yugapat jAnane vAle sarvajJa bhagavAna ke manapUrvaka vicAra karanA mAnA nahIM gayA hai ata: sarvajJa ke atirikta anya jIvoM ke buddhiyukta aura buddhi rahita hokara kArya karanA svakIya kAraNoM se bana jAtA hai||125||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 78 prekSAvaraNakSayopazamavizeSasya sarvatra sarvadA sarveSAmasaMbhavAt kasyacideva kvacitkadAcicca prekSAvattetarayoH siddhiranyatra prakSINAzeSAvaraNAdazeSajJAditi nizcitaprAmANyAtpramANAtprekSAvataH pravRttiH kadAcidanyadA tasyaivAprekSAvata: yataH saMzayAderapIti na sarvadA lokavyavahAraM prati bAlapaMDitasadRzau / kathamevaM prekSAvata: prAmANyanizcaye'navasthAdidoSaparihAra iti cet - tannAbhyAsAtpramANatvaM nizcita: svata eva nH| anabhyAse tu parata ityAhuH kecidaMjasA // 126 // tacca syAdvAdinAmeva svArthanizcayanAt sthitam / na tu svanizcayonmuktaniHzeSajJAnavAdinAm // 127 // hitAhita vicAra karane rUpa viziSTa matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke vizeSa kSayopazama kA honA sabhI viSayoM meM saba jIvoM ke sadA sambhava nahIM hai| ata: kisI jIva ke kisI-kisI viSaya meM kabhI-kabhI buddhiyuktapanA aura buddhirahitapane kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| naSTa ho gaye haiM sampUrNa jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa karma jisake aise sarvajJa ke atirikta dUsare saMsArI jIvoM meM buddhi (prekSA) aura buddhi rahitapanA vyavasthita hai| isa prakAra pramANapana kA nizcaya rakhane vAle pramANa se buddhimAna puruSa kI pravRtti honA kabhI-kabhI banatA hai aura dUsare samaya usI jIva kI buddhi ko AvaraNa karane vAle karma kA udaya hai, taba buddhi rahita jIva kI bhI prAmANyagrasta jJAna se hI pravRtti ho sakegI athavA kabhI ajJAniyoM ko saMzayAdika se bhI pravRtti ho sakatI hai sarvadA nahIM isalie sarvadA laukika vyavahAra ke prati bAlaka aura paNDita samAna nahIM haiN| isa prakAra buddhimAna puruSa ke bhI jJAna meM pramANapana kA nizcaya karane meM anavasthA, anyonyAzraya Adi doSoM kA parihAra kaise hogA? isa prakAra zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate haiM- . jaina darzana meM abhyAsa dazA meM svata: pramANa kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai| tathA isa kArikA meM tatra pATha hone se hamAre siddhAnta meM abhyAsa dazA meM svataH nizcaya hotA hai| anabhyAsa dazA meM anya kAraNoM se pramANapanA jAnA jAtA hai (jaise aparicita sthala meM zItala vAyu kamala gandha Adi se jalajJAna meM pramANapana kA nirNaya hotA hai) jaina matAnusAra koI vidvAna bhI isa nirdoSa siddhAnta ko svIkAra karate haiM, kintu kinhIM vidvAnoM kA isa prakAra svIkAra karanA syAdvAdiyoM ke hI siddhAnta anusAra mAnane para ghaTita hotA hai| kyoMki syAdvAdiyoM ne sva aura artha kA nizcaya karane vAle jJAna meM hI pramANapanA vyavasthita kiyA hai| apanA nizcaya na karana vAle sarva asvasaMvediyoM ke yaha vyavasthA nahIM bana sakatI hai||126127|| hAtA hA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 79 kaMcidatyaMtAbhyAsAt svataH pramANatvasya nizcayAnnAnavasthAdidoSaH, kvacidanabhyAsAt paratastasya vyavasthite vyAptirityetadapi syAdvAdinAmeva paramArthataH siddhyet svArthanizcayopagamAt / na punaH svarUpanizcayarahitasakalasaMvedanavAdinAmanavasthAdyanuSaMgasya tdvsthtvaat| tthaahi| vastuvyavasthAnibaMdhanasya svarUpanizcayarahitasyAsvasaMveditasyaivAnupayogAt / tatra nizcayaM janayata eva prmaanntvmbhyupgNtvym| tannizcayasya svarUpe svayamanizcitasyAnutpAditAvizeSAnnizcayAMtarajananAnuSaMgAdanavasthA, pUrvanizcayasyottaranizcayAtsiddhau tasya pUrvanizcayAdanyonyAzrayaNaM / yadi punarnizcayaH svarUpe nizcayamajanayannapi siddhyati nizcayatvAdeva na pratyakSamanizcayatvAditi mataM tadArthajJAnajJAnaM jJAnAMtarAparicchinnamapi siddhyet tadjJAnatvAt na punararthajJAnaM ___kahIM adhika paricita sthala meM atyanta abhyAsa ho jAne se pramANapane kA svataH nizcaya ho jAtA hai ata: anavasthA Adika doSa nahIM Ate haiN| kahIM aparicita dazA meM anabhyAsa hone se usa pramANapane kI anya kAraNoM se jJapti vyavasthA kara dI jAtI hai ataH avyApti doSa nahIM hai| isa prakAra kahanA bhI syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ hI vAstavikarUpa se siddha ho sakatA hai kyoMki unhoMne jJAna ke dvArA sva aura artha kA nizcaya ho jAnA svIkAra kiyA hai kintu svarUpa kA nizcaya nahIM karane vAle sarvajJa jJAna ko mAnane vAle naiyAyikoM ke siddhAnta meM anavasthA Adi doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai| jinake mata meM Izvara eka jJAna se sampUrNa padArthoM ko jAnatA hai aura dUsare se usa sarvajJAtR jJAna ko jAnatA hai, unake yahA~ anavasthA, anyonyAzraya Adi doSoM kA prasaMga honA vaise kA vaise hI avasthita rahatA hai| tathAhi sampUrNa vastuoM kI yathArtha vyavasthA karane kA kAraNabhUta jJAna mAnA gayA hai| yadi jJAna ko sva kA saMvedana karane vAlA nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to svarUpa kA nizcaya karane se rahita usa jJAna kI vastu vyavasthA karane meM koI upayoga nahIM hai| ata: usa svarUpa meM nizcaya ko utpanna karane vAle jJAna ko hI pramANapanaM svIkAra karanA cAhie aura vaha pramANapana kA nizcaya bhI yadi svarUpa meM svayaM anizcita hai, taba to aise ajJAta svanizcaya vAle jJAna kA, utpanna nahIM hone vAle jJAna se koI antara nahIM hai (jaise ki jise sukha duHkha kA jJAna nahIM huA vaha utpanna huA bhI utpanna nahIM huA sarIkhA hai) ata: sva kA nizcaya karane ke lie phira dUsare nizcaya kI utpatti karane kA prasaMga AyegA aura Age bhI yahI krama calegA ata: anavasthA hogii| pahile nizcaya kI uttarakAla meM hone vAle nizcaya se siddhi mAnane para aura usa uttara kAla ke nizcaya kI pUrvakAla ke nizcaya se siddhi mAnI jAye to parasparAzraya doSa aayegaa| ___yadi punaH sarvAGganizcaya svarUpa hone ke kAraNa nizcayAtmakajJAna svarUpa meM nizcaya nahIM karAtA huA bhI svayaM nizcayarUpa siddha ho jAtA hai parantu pratyakSa svayaM nizcayarUpa siddha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki pratyakSajJAna svayaM nizcayarUpa nahIM hai aisA mAnate ho to arthajJAna ko jAnane vAlA dUsarA jJAna tIsare anya jJAna se nahIM jAnA gayA bhI siddha ho jAyegA kyoMki vaha artha ko jAnane vAle pahile jJAna kA jJAna hai kintu yadi pahalA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 80 tasyAtattvAditi jJAnAMtaravedyajJAnavAdinopi naarthcintnmutsiidet| jJAnaM jJAnaM ca syAjjJAnAMtaraparicchedyaM ca virodhAbhAvAditi cet, tarhi nizcayo nizcayazca syAtsvarUpe nizcayaM ca janayettata eva sopi tathaiveti sa eva dossH| svasaMviditatvAnnizcayasya svayaM nizcayAntarAnapekSatvenubhavasyApi tadapekSA mA bhUt / zakyanizcayamajanayannevArthAnubhava: prmaannmbhyaaspaattvaadityprH| tasyApi "yatraiva janayedenAM tatraivAsya pramANatA" iti graMtho virudhyte| kazcAyamabhyAso nAma? punaH punaranubhavasya bhAva iti cet , kSaNakSayAdau tatpramANatvApattistatra sarvadA sarvArtheSu darzanasya bhAvAt prmaabhyaassiddheH| puna: punarvikalpasya bhAvaH sa iti cet, tatonubhavasya artha kA jJAna dUsare jJAna se nahIM jAnA gayA hai to siddha nahIM hogA kyoMki vaha pUrva jJAna kA jJAna nahIM kara rahA hai| isa prakAra anya jJAnoM se jAnane yogya prakRtajJAna ko kahanevAle naiyAyikoM ke yahA~ bhI artha kA saMvedana honA udghATita nahIM ho skegaa| yadi pahilA arthajJAna bhI banA rahe aura dUsare jJAnoM se jAnane yogya bhI hotA rahe, isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| aisA kahane para jaina bhI kaha sakate haiM ki artha kA nizcaya bhI banA rahe aura svarUpa meM nizcaya ko bhI utpanna karAtA rahe, isameM bhI koI virodha nahIM hai| yadi vaha nizcaya bhI usI prakAra mAnA jAyegA, taba to vahI doSa AyegA jo ki pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai| ___ yadi nizcaya jJAna ko svasaMvedana hone ke kAraNa svayaM nizcaya svarUpapanA hai, svayaM ko anya nizcayoM kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai, to pratyakSarUpa anubhava ko bhI una anya jJAnoM kI apekSA nahIM honI cAhie (ata: sabhI jJAna apane-apane svarUpa kA svayaM nizcaya kara leNge)| koI kahatA hai ki nizcaya karane kI sAmarthya ko utpanna nahIM karane vAlA bhI jJAna artha kA anubhava karake pramANa ho jAtA hai kyoMki nirvikalpakajJAna ko abhyAsa kI dakSatA hai| usa (bauddha) ke bhI mAne gaye isa grantha kA ukta kathana se virodha hotA hai ki nirvikalpaka jJAna jisa hI viSaya meM isa nizcayarUpa savikalpaka buddhi ko utpanna karA detA hai, usI viSaya meM isa pratyakSa ko pramANapanA hai| arthAt-jaise ghaTa kA pratyakSa ho jAne para pIche se usake rUpa, sparza Adi meM nizcaya jJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai ataH rUpa aura sparza ko jAnane meM nirvikalpakajJAna pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| yaha kathana bhI upari kathana se virUddha par3atA hai| kiMca-abhyAsa kyA padArtha hai? yadi punaH-punaH pratyakSarUpa anubhava kI utpatti ho jAnA abhyAsa kahA jAyegA taba to kSaNikapana Adi meM usa nirvikalpaka ko bhI pramANapane kA prasaMga AyegA, kyoMki sampUrNa arthoM meM tadAtmakaho rahe usa kSaNikapanarUpa viSaya meM darzana (nirvikalpakajJAna) kA sadA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai ataH nirvikalpa jJAna meM parama abhyAsa siddha hotA hai| (svalakSaNoM se kSaNikapanA abhinna hai ata: kSaNikatva meM to abhyAsa siddha ho rahA hai, bAra-bAra anubhava meM A rahA hai)| ___ yadi punaH-punaH vikalpajJAnoM kI utpatti honA vaha abhyAsa hai, aisA kahate ho to usa abhyAsa se anubhava ko pramANapanA honepara nizcaya kI utpatti se hI vaha pramANapanA hogA aisA mAnane para anavasthA aura
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 81 pramANatve nizcayajananAdeva tadupagataM syAditi pakSAMtaraM pATavametenaiva nirUpitaM / avidyAvAsanAprahANAdAtmalAbhonubhavasya pATavaM na tu pauna:punyenAnubhavo vikalpotpattirvA, yatobhyAsenaivAsya vyAkhyeti cet kathamevamaprahANAvidyAvAsanAnAM janAnAmanubhavAtkvacitpravartanaM siddhyet , tasya pATavAbhAvAt pramANatvAyogAt / prANimAtrasyAvidyAvAsanAprahANAdanyatra kSaNakSayAdyanubhavAditi doSApAkaraNe kathamekasyAnubhavasya pATavApATave parasparaviruddha vAstavena syaataaN| tayoranyatarasyApyavAstavatve kvacideva prmaanntvaaprmaanntvyorektraanubhvenupptteH| prkrnnaaprkrnnyornutpttirnenoktaa| arthitvAnarthitve punararthajJAnAtpramANAtmakAduttarakAlabhAvinI kathamarthAnubhavasya prAmANyetarahetutAM pratipadyete svmtvirodhaat| tataH svArthavyavasAyAtmakajJAnAbhidhAyinAmevAbhyAse svato'nabhyAse parataH praamaannysiddhiH|| anyonyAzraya doSa pahile kahe jA cuke haiN| isa kathana se anubhava kI dakSatA kA dUsarA pakSa bhI nirUpaNa kara diyA gayA samajha lenA caahie| - bauddha kahate haiM ki anAdikAlIna avidyArUpa vAsanA ke nAza ho jAne se anubhava kA AtmalAbha honA hI paTutA hai| punaH-punaH anubhava honA athavA bahuta bAra vikalpajJAnoM kI utpatti honA paTutA nahIM hai jisase ki abhyAsa se hI isa paTutva kI vyAkhyA ho ske| isa prakAra bauddha ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra se avidyA kA sarvathA nAzakara samyagjJAna ko dhArane vAle jIvoM kI viSayoM meM pravRtti cAhe ho jAe, kintu jina manuSyoM kI avidyAvAsanA naSTa nahIM huI hai, una jIvoM kI kisI viSaya meM anubhava jJAna se pravRtti honA kaise siddha hogA? kyoMki ApakI mAnI huI isa paTutA ke na hone ke kAraNa unake usa anubhava meM pramANapanA prApta nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi bauddha isa doSa kA nivAraNa yoM kareM ki sampUrNa prANiyoM kI avidyAvAsanA ke nAza hue binA bhI kSaNikatva, svargaprApaNazakti Adi kA anubhava ho jAtA hai taba to eka anubhava ke svalakSaNa viSaya meM pATava aura kSaNikatva viSaya meM apATavatva ye paraspara viruddha dharma vAstavika kaise hoMge? una donoM pATava apATavoM meM se kisI eka ko bhI vastubhUta nahIM mAnA jAyegA to eka anubhava meM kisI viSaya kI apekSA pramANapana aura kisI dUsare viSaya kI apekSA apramANapana kI siddhi nahIM ho skegii| arthAt jaba vastubhUta kisI vastu kA astitva hI nahIM hai to kauna prAmANika aura kauna aprAmANika aisA kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai| ... isa kathana se prakaraNa aura aprakaraNa kI upapatti na ho sakanA bhI kaha diyA gayA hai, tathA jJeya viSaya kA arthIpana aura kSaNika viSaya kA anabhilASukapana to pramANarUpa arthajJAna se uttarakAla meM hone vAle haiN| ve artha ke anubhava kI pramANatA aura apramANatA ke hetupana ko kaise prApta ho sakeMge? arthAt anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai| arthIpana yA anarthIpana se arthajJAna meM pramANatA yA apramANatA hove aura jJAna meM pramANatA aura aMpramANatA ke ho jAne para abhilASA hove to bauddhoM ko apane mata se virodha AtA hai ata: sva aura .artha ko nizcaya karanA svarUpa jJAna ko kahane vAle syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ abhyAsa dazA meM jJAna kI pramANatA svataH jAnane aura anabhyAsa dazA meM jJAna kI pramANatA parata: jAnane kI siddhi hotI hai| ekAntavAdI naiyAyika bauddha Adi ke yahA~ aneka doSa Ate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 82 svataH pramANatA yasya tasyaiva parataH katham / tadaivaikatra naivAtaH syAdvAdosti virodhtH||128|| naitatsAdhu pramANasyAnekarUpatvanizcayAt / prameyasya ca nirbhAgatattvavAdastu bAdhyate // 129 // tatra yatparato jJAnamanabhyAse pramANatAm / yAti svataH svarUpe tattAmiti kvaikarUpatA // 130 // svArthayorapi yasya syaadnbhyaasaatprmaanntaa| pratikSaNavivartAdau tasyApi parato na kim // 131 // syAdvAdo na viruddhotaH syAtpramANaprameyayoH / svadravyAdivazAdvApi tasya sarvatra nizcayaH // 132 // kevalajJAnamapi svadravyAdivazAtpramANaM na paradravyAdivazAditi sarvaM kathaMcitpramANaM, tathA tadeva svAtmanaH svataH pramANaM chadmasthAnAM tu parata iti sarvaM syAt svataH. syAtparataH. pramANamapagamyate virodhaabhaavaat| na punaryatsvataH tatsvata eva yatparatastatparata eveti srvthaikaaNtprskterubhypkssprkssiptdossaanussNgaat|| . jisa jJAna ko svAMza meM svataH pramANapanA hai, usI jJAna ko anabhyAsa dazA meM parataH pramANapanA kaise hogA? eka sthAna para eka hI samaya meM do viruddha dharma nahIM Thahara sakate haiM ataH virodha ho jAne se syAdvAda mata ThIka nahIM hai yaha kahanA prazasta nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANajJAna kA aneka svarUpoM se sahitapane kA nizcaya hotA hai, tathA pramANa se jAnane yogya prameya padArtha bhI aneka svarUpoM ko liye hue haiN| jo (bauddha)pramANa aura prameyoM ko aMzoM se rahita mAnate haiM, unakA tattvoM ke svarUparahita mAnane kA pakSa bAdhita ho jAtA hai|(arthaat jisa padArtha meM niHsvarUpatva yA aneka dharmoM se rahitapanA hai vaha kisI bhI pramANa se jAnA nahIM jAtA hai)||128-129|| una jJAnoM meM jo jJAna anabhyAsa dazA meM dUsare jJApaka hetuoM se pramANapana ko prApta hotA hai, vaha jJAnasvarUpa aMza meM svata: hI usa pramANapana ko prApta kara letA hai ata: ekarUpapanA jJAna meM kahA~ raha sakatA hai ? // 130 // bhAvArtha : jJAna meM aneka svabhAva vidyamAna haiN| prameya ke bhI aneka svabhAva haiN| ata: anabhyAsadazA meM jJAna ke viSaya aMza meM parataH prAmANya jAnA jAtA hai, kintu jJAna aMza meM vaha svataH pramANarUpa hai| jisake yahA~ anabhyAsa dazA hone se sva aura artha meM bhI pramANapanA parata: mAnA jAtA hai, usake yahA~ bhI pratikSaNa navIna-navIna paryAya Adi meM dUsaroM se pramANapanA kyoM nahIM mAnA jAvegA? isalie pramANatattva aura prameya tattvoM meM kathaMcit aneka svarUpoM ko kahane vAlA syAdvAda siddhAnta viruddha nahIM ho sakatA athavA svadravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI adhInatA se astipanA aura parakIya dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva se nAstipanA bhI syAdvAda mana meM sabhI sthaloM para nizcita hai|| 131-132 // kevalajJAna bhI apane dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI apekSA pramANa hai| dUsare jar3a yA matijJAna ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI adhInatA se pramANa nahIM hai| isa prakAra sabhI samyagjJAna kathaMcit pramANa haiM, aura kisI apekSA se pramANa nahIM bhI haiM tathA vaha kevalajJAna hI svakIya AtmA ko svata: pramANarUpa hai aura kSAyopazamika jJAnI chadmasthoM ko anya kAraNoM se pramANarUpa jAnane yogya hai| isa kAraNa sabhI jJAna- kathaMcit svata: pramANarUpa haiM aura kathaMcit parata: pramANarUpa svIkAra kiye jAte haiN| isameM koI virodha nahIM AtA hai phira
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 83 nanvasiddhaM pramANaM kiM svarUpeNa niruupyte| zazazRMgavadityeke tadapyunmattabhASitam // 133 // sveSTAniSTArthayoJjaturvidhAnapratiSedhayoH / siddhiH pramANasaMsiddhyabhAvesti na hi kasyacit // 134 // iSTArthasya vidheraniSTArthasya vA pratiSedhasya pramANAnAM tattvato'saMbhave kadAcidanupapatterna svarUpeNAsiddhaM pramANamanirUpaNAt zazazRMgavannAsti pramANaM vicAryamANasyAyogAditi svayamiSTamarthaM sAdhayannaniSTaM ca nirAkurvan pramANata eva kthmnunmttH| tataH prmaannsiddhiraadaayaataa|| nanu pramANasaMsiddhiH pramANAMtarato ydi| tadAnavasthiti! cet pramANAnveSaNaM vRthA // 135 // AdyapramANataH syAccetpramANAMtarasAdhanam / tatazcAdyapramANasya siddhernyonysNshryH|| 136 // aisA nahIM hai jo svataH pramANa hai vaha svataH hI pramANa rahe tathA jo para se pramANa hotA hai vaha para se hI pramANa hotA hai, isa prakAra sarvathA eka hI dharma mAnane kA prasaMga AtA hai jo ki pratItasiddha nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para svata: aura parata: ina donoM pakSoM meM diye gaye doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai| zaMkA : koI kahatA hai ki jaba pramANa apane svarUpa se siddha nahIM hai, to zaza ke sIMga samAna usakA nirUpaNa kyoM kiyA jAtA hai? uttara : AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA bhI unmattoM kA bhASaNa hai kyoMki kisI nAstika jJAtA ko apane iSTa artha ke astitva kI aura apane aniSTa artha ke niSedha kI siddhi pramANa kI siddhi ke abhAva . meM kisI ke bhI nahIM hotI hai (iSTa sAdhana aura aniSTabAdhana ye donoM pramANa kI siddhi hone para hI sambhava haiM) anyathA nhiiN||133-134|| vAstavika rUpa se pramANoM kI asambhavatA hone para iSTa artha kI vidhi aura aniSTa artha ke niSedha kI kabhI bhI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai ata: pramANatattva svarUpa se asiddha nahIM hai jisakA zazazRGga ke samAna nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA jA ske| yadi zUnyavAdI kahe ki pramANa nahIM hai, vicAra karane para pramANatattva kA yoga nahIM bana pAtA hai| isa prakAra svayaM iSTa artha ko dUsaroM ke prati pramANa meM siddha karane vAlA aura pramANa prameya Adi aniSTa tattvoM ko pramANa se hI nirAkaraNa karane vAlA zUnyavAdI svastha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? (pUrvAparaviruddha bAtoM ko kahane vAlA hone se vaha unmatta hai)| ata: binA kahe hI arthApatti se pramANa kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| prazna : (vaibhASika bauddha kahate haiM ki) pramANa kI siddhi yadi dUsare pramANoM se honA mAnoge to anavasthA doSa AyegA (kyoMki una dUsare Adi pramANoM kI siddhi anya tIsare, cauthe Adi pramANoM se hotehote kahIM vizrAma prApta nahIM hogaa)| yadi dUsare pramANoM se prakRta pramANa kI siddhi honA nahIM mAnoge to pramANoM kA anveSaNa karanA vyartha hogaa| tathA Adi meM hone vAle pramANa se yadi dUsare pramANa kI siddhi honA mAnA jAyegA, aura usa dUsare pramANa se prathama hone vAle pramANa kI siddhi mAnI jAyegI to anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai||135-136||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 84 prasiddhanAprasiddhasya vidhAnamiti nottrm| prasiddhasyAvyavasthAnAt pramANavirahe kvacit // 137 // parAnurodhamAtreNa prasiddhortho ydiissyte| pramANasAdhanastadvatpramANaM kiM na sAdhanam // 138 // parAbhyupagamaH kena siddhyatItvapi ca dvyoH| samaH paryanuyogaH syAtsamAdhAnaM ca nAdhikam // 139 // tatpramANaprameyAdivyavahAraH prvrtte| sarvasyApyavicAreNa svpnaadivditiitre||140|| teSAM saMvittimAtraM syAdanyadvA tttvmNjsaa| siddhaM svato yathA tadvatpramANamapare viduH||141|| yathA svAtaMtryamabhyastaviSaye'sya prtiiyte| prameyasya tathA neti na pramAnveSaNaM vRthA // 142 // paratopi pramANatve'nabhyastaviSaye kvacit / nAnavasthAnuSajyeta tata eva vyvsthiteH||143|| prasiddha padArtha se aprasiddha pramANa yA prameya kI vyavasthA kara lI jAtI hai, usa prakAra kA uttara .bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki kahIM bhI nirNIta rUpa se pramANatattva ko mAne binA prasiddhatattva kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai||137|| yadi koI kahe ki dUsaroM ke anurodha mAtra se padArtha ko prasiddha mAna liyA jAtA hai, jo ki prasiddha padArtha pratyakSa Adi pramANoM ko sAdhane vAlA hai, to usI prakAra pramANa kA sAdhana bhI kyoM na kara liyA jAya? (tAttvikarUpa se pramANa ko mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai)||138|| dUsare vAdiyoM kA svIkAra karanA kisa pramANa se siddha hai? isa prakAra kA prazna uThAnA aura samAdhAna karanA pramANa ko mAnane vAle aura nahIM mAnane vAle donoM ke ekasA hai| koI adhika nahIM hai ataH pramANa, prameya, pramAtA Adika vyavahAra sabhI ke yahA~ binA vicAra karake hI pravartta rahe haiM, jaise ki svapna, mUrcchita, Adi ke vyavahAra binA vicAre hI pracalita haiN| isa prakAra yahA~ taka anya bauddha yA zUnyavAdI kA kathana hai||139-140 // zUnyavAdiyoM ke kathana kA pratyuttara-jaise una bauddhoM ke yahA~ kevala saMvitti athavA anya koI zUnya padArtha yA tattvopaplava tattva kA vAstava meM apane Apa siddha honA mAnA gayA hai, usI ke samAna dUsare jaina, mImAMsaka, naiyAyika Adi vidvAn pramANatattva ko svataH siddha honA mAnate haiM tathA jisa prakAra abhyAsa kiye gaye paricita viSaya meM isa pramANa ko svataMtrarUpa se pramANapanA pratIta hotA hai usI prakAra prameya padArtha ko svataMtrapanA nahIM jAnA jA rahA hai| ataH prameya kI siddhi ko karAne ke lie pramANa kA anveSaNa karanA vyartha nahIM hai| yadyapi kahIM aparicita sthala para abhyasta nahIM kiye gae viSaya meM pramANajJAna kI pramANatA dUsare jJApakoM se bhI jAnI jAtI hai to bhI anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| kyoMki usI abhyAsa dazAvAle dUsare pramANa se anabhyasta dazA ke pramANa meM pramANapana kI vyavasthA ho jAtI hai (ata: sampUrNa pramANa, prameya Adi padArthoM kA Adya cikitsaka pramANatattva avazya mAnanA cAhie ) // 141-142-143 // .
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 85 svarUpasya svato gatiriti saMvidadvaitaM brahma vA svataH, siddhamupayannabhyastaviSaye sarvaM pramANaM tathAbhyupagaMtumarhati / nocedanavadheyavacano na prekssaapuurvvaadii| na ca yathA pramANaM svataH siddhaM tathA prameyamapi tasya tadvatsvAtaMtryApratIteH tathA pratItau vA prameyasya pramANatvApatteH, svArthapramitau sAdhakatamasya svataMtrasya prmaanntvaatmktvaat| tato na pramANAnveSaNamaphalaM, tena vinA svayaM prmeysyaavyvsthaanaat| yadA punaranabhyasterthe parataH pramANAnAM prAmANyaM tadApi nAnavasthA parasparAzrayo vA svataH siddhaprAmANyAt kutazcitkvacitpramANAdavasthopapatteH / nanu ca kvacitkasyacidabhyAse sarvatra sarvasyAbhyAsostu vizeSAbhAvAdanabhyAsa eva pratiprANi tdvaicitrykaarnnaabhaavaat| tathA ca kutobhyAsAnabhyAsayoH svata: parato vA prAmANyavyavasthA bhavediti cet| naivaM, tdvaicitrysiddheH|| jJAnAdvaitavAdI yA brahmAdvaitavAdI vidvAn sampaNa padArthoM ke svarUpa kA jJAna honA svata: hI mAnate haiN| jJAna aura AtmA kA svayaM apane Apa se jJAna honA prasiddha hI hai to abhyastaviSaya meM sampUrNa pramANoM ko usa prakAra svataH siddha svIkAra karane ke lie bhI vaha avazya yogya ho jAtA hai| yadi aisA nahIM mAneMge to vizvAsa nahIM karane yogya kathana karane vAlA hone se vicArapUrvaka kahane vAle nahIM kahe jA sakate (ata: abhyAsadazA meM pramANa kI svataH siddhi honA mAna lenA caahie)| jisa prakAra pramANatattva svataH siddha hai usa prakAra ghaTa, paTa Adi prameya svataH siddha nahIM hote haiN| kyoMki una prameyoM ko pramANa ke samAna siddhi hone meM svataMtratA pratIta nahIM ho rahI hai| yadi prameya kI bhI usa prakAra svataMtratA se svayaM pratIti honA mAnI jAyegI to prameya ko pramANapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| kyoMki sva aura artha kI pramiti svataMtra sAdhakatama ke hI pramANapanA vyavasthita hai| isalie pramANa kA anveSaNa karanA vyartha vA niSphala nahIM hai kyoMki usa pramANa ke binA prameya tattva kI vyavasthA nahIM ho pAtI hai| jaba anabhyasta viSaya meM pramANoM kI pramANatA anya jJApaka kAraNoM se mAnI jAyegI to bhI anavasthA athavA anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM Ate haiM kyoMki kisI bhI anabhyAsa dazA ke pramANa meM abhyAsa dazA ke svataH siddha pramANatA vAle kisI bhI svataMtra pramANa se pramANatA avasthita ho jAtI hai| zaMkA : kahIM bhI vizeSa abhyastasthala para kisI vyakti kA yadi abhyAsa mAnA jAyegA to sabhI sthaloM para saba jIvoM kA abhyAsa honA nizcita hogA kyoMki donoM meM vizeSatA kA abhAva hai (tathA yadi kisI jIva kA kisI aparicita sthala para anabhyAsa mAnA jAyegA to sabhI jIvoM kA sabhI sthAnoM para anabhyAsa hI hogA), kyoMki pratyeka prANI meM usa abhyAsa yA anabhyAsa kI vicitratA kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai ataH abhyAsadazA meM svataH pramANapane kI vyavasthA aura anabhyAsadazA meM dUsaroM se pramANapane kI vyavasthA kaise hogI? samAdhAna : granthakAra kahate haiM ki isa prakAra zaMkA nahI karanA kyoMki saMsArI jIvoM ke usa abhyAsa aura anabhyAsa kI vicitratA ke kAraNa siddha haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 86 dRSTAdRSTanimittAnAM vaicitryAdiha dehinAm / jAyate kvacidabhyAso'nabhyAso vA kathaMcana // 144 // dRSTAni nimittAnyabhyAsasya kvacitpauna:punyenAnubhavAdIni tad jJAnAvaraNavIryAMtarAyakSayopazamAdInyadRSTAni vicitrANyabhyAsa eva svahetuvaicitryAt jAyate, anabhyAsasya ca sakRdanubhavAdInyanabhyAsajJAnAvaraNakSayopazamAdIni ca / tadvaicitryAdvaicitrye'bhyAso'nabhyAsazca jaayte| tataH yuktA svataH paratazca prAmANyavyavasthA / tatprasiddhena mAnena svatosiddhasya sAdhanam / prameyasya yathA tadvatpramANasyeti dhiidhnaaH||145|| na hi svasaMvedanavadabhyAsadazAyAM svataH siddhena pramANena prameyasya svayamasiddhasya sAdhanamanurudhyamAnairanabhyAsadazAyAM svayamapi siddhasya pramANasya tadapAkartuM yuktaM, siddhenAsiddhasya saadhnopptteH| tataH sUktaM saMti pramANAnISTasAdhanAditi // tathAhi-isa saMsAra meM kucha dekhe hue kAraNa ora katipaya nahIM dekha sakane yogya parokSa nimitta kAraNoM kI vicitratA se prANiyoM ke kisI paricita viSaya meM abhyAsa aura kisI aparicita viSaya meM anabhyAsa kaise na kaise ho hI jAtA hai||144|| kisI viSaya meM abhyAsa ke dRSTa kAraNa punaH puna: anubhava honA Adi hai tathA usa viSaya saMbaMdhI jJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya karmoM kA kSayopazama honA Adi aMtaraMga kAraNa, bahiraMga indriyoM dvArA nahIM dikhate haiM, arthAt adRSTa haiN| ye dRSTa-adRSTa vicitra kAraNa bhI abhyAsa hone para apane kAraNoM kI vicitratA se bana jAte haiM / tathA anabhyAsa ke bhI dRSTa nimittakAraNa to eka bAra anubhava karanA (upekSA rakhanA, anyamanaska honA) Adi haiM, aura anabhyAsa ke adRSTa kAraNa jJAnAvaraNa aura antarAya karmoM kA kSayopazama, (uddhatapanA, kaSAya kA sadbhAva) Adi hai| unake bhI kAraNoM kI vicitratA se una kAraNoM meM vicitratA hone para kisI jIva kA kisI viSaya meM abhyAsa aura anabhyAsa honA bana jAtA hai ataH abhyAsa dazA meM svata: aura anabhyAsa dazA meM parataH prAmANika jJAna kI vyavasthA honA yukta hai| tathA svataH asiddha prameya kI svataMtra prasiddha pramANa ke dvArA jisa prakAra siddhi kI jAtI hai, usI ka samAna anabhyAsa dazA meM pramANa kI siddhi bhI abhyAsa ke prasiddha pramANa se kara lI jAtI hai| isa prakAra buddhidhana AcArya kahate haiM // 145 // svasaMvedana pratyakSa ke samAna abhyAsa dazA meM svataH prasiddha pramANa ke dvArA svayaM asiddha prameya kI siddhi ko anurodha kara kahane vAle vAdiyoM ke dvArA anabhyAsa dazA meM svayaM asiddha pramANa kI siddhi bhI prasiddha pramANa se ho jAtI hai| usakA khaNDana karanA ucita nahIM hai|kyoNki asiddha padArtha kI siddhi prasiddha tattva se hotI hai ata: yaha anumAna bahuta acchA kahA ki pramANa hai, kyoMki iSTa padArthoM kI siddhi ho rahI hai| (yahA~ taka advaitavAdI yA zUnyavAdI ke sammukha pramANatattva kI siddhi kA prakaraNa samApta huA)
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________________ __tattvArthazlokavArtika * 87 evaM vicArato mAnasvarUpe tu vyvsthite| tatsaMkhyAnaprasiddhyarthaM sUtre dvitvasya sUcanAt // 146 // tatpramANe, iti hi dvitvanirdezaH saMkhyAMtarAvadhAraNanirAkaraNAya yuktaH kartuM tatra viprtiptteH|| pramANamekameveti kecittAvat kudRssttyH| pratyakSamukhyamanyasmAdarthanirNItyasaMbhavAt // 147 // pratyakSameva mukhyaM svArthanirNItAvanyAnapekSatvAdanyasya pramANasya janmanimittatvAt na punaranumAnAdi tasya pratyakSApekSatvAt pratyakSajananAnimittatvAcca gaunntopptteH| na ca gauNaM prmaannmtiprsNgaat| tataH pratyakSamekameva pramANamagauNatvAt pramANasyeti kecit|| teSAM tatkiM svataH siddhaM pratyakSAMtaratopi vaa| svasya sarvasya cetyetadbhavet prynuyojnm||14|| isa prakAra ukta vicAra karane se pramANa kA svarUpa vyavasthita ho jAne para usa pramANa kI saMkhyA kI prasiddhi ke lie "tatpramANe" isa sUtra meM dvivacana "au" vibhakti ke dvArA pramANa ke do pane kA sUcana kiyA gayA hai||146|| pratyakSa aura parokSa svarUpa do pramANoM meM sAre pramANa garbhita haiM, isakA kathana ___ "tatpramANe" sUtra meM niyama se dvivacanapane kA kathana karanA anya naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi dvArA mAnI gayI pramANoM kI saMkhyAoM ke niyama ko nivAraNa karane ke lie kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki usa pramANa kI saMkhyA meM aneka vAdiyoM kA vivAda par3A huA hai| . pramANa meM vivAda karane vAloM meM koI (cArvAka) mithyAdRSTi kahate haiM ki pramANa eka hI hai| sampUrNa jJAnoM meM mukhya pratyakSa pramANa hai, kyoMki anya anumAna, Agama Adi se artha kA nirNaya honA asambhava hai||147|| pratyakSa hI mukhya pramANa hai kyoMki apane aura artha ke nirNaya karane meM usako anya kI apekSA nahIM hai| tathA pratyakSa hI anya anumAna Adi pramANoM ke janma kA nimitta hai| (ataH, pratyakSa hI mukhya pramANa hai|) tathA anumAna, upamAna Adika mukhya jJAna nahIM haiM, kyoMki unako pratyakSa kI apekSA hone ke kAraNa tathA pratyakSa ke janma kA nimittapanA nahIM hone ke kAraNa gauNapanA prasiddha hai; gauNa padArtha pramANa nahIM hotA hai, yadi gauNa ko pramANa mAneMge to atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| ata: eka pratyakSa hI pramANa hai| agauNa (mukhya) hone se sampUrNa viSayoM kI vyavasthA karane vAlA pramANa padArtha to agauNa honA caahie| isa prakAra kisI (cArvAka) ke kahane para AcArya kahate haiM una cArvAkoM ke yahA~ svayaM apane pUrvAparakAlabhAvI aneka pratyakSa aura anya sampUrNa prANiyoM ke pratyakSapramANa kyA svata: hI siddha haiM? athavA anya pratyakSoM se bhI ve siddha kiye jAte haiM? isa prakAra prazna karanA unake Upara lAgU hotA hai||148||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 88 svasyAdhyakSaM sarvasya vA svato vA siddhyet pratyakSAMtarAdveti prynuyogo'vshyNbhaavii|| . svasyaiva cet svataH siddhaM naSTaM gurvAdikIrtanam / tadavyaktapramANatvasiddhyabhAvAtkathaMcana // 149 // pratyakSAMtarato vAsya siddhau syaadnvsthitiH| kvacitsvato'nyato veti syAdvAdAzrayaNaM param // 150 // sarvasyApi svatodhyakSapramANamiti cenmtiH| kenAvagamyatAmetadadhyakSAdyogividviSAm // 151 // pramANAMtarato jJAne naikmaanvyvsthitiH| apramANAdgatAveva pratyakSaM kimu poSyate // 152 // pratyakSa hI eka pramANa mAnane vAle cAvAkoM ke Upara isa prakAra kA prazna avazya hotA hai ki apanA pratyakSa athavA sampUrNa prANiyoM ke pratyakSa kyA svataH hI siddha ho jAte haiM? athavA anya pratyakSa pramANoM se siddha kiyA jAtA hai? (arthAt-eka pratyakSa ko pramANa mAnane para svakIya siddhi aura dUsaroM ke pratyakSa pramANa kaise jAne jAte haiM?) yadi apane hI pratyakSoM kI apane Apase siddhi honA iSTa karoge to usa avyakta pramANa ko pratyakSa pramANa kA abhAva hone se, guru Adi kA kIrtana-stuti karanA naSTa ho jAtA hai| kisI prakAra se bhI pratyakSa pramANa se guru Adi kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| arthAt pratyakSa vA avyakta pramANa se guru Adi ke guNoM ko jAnanA zakya nahIM hai aura guNoM ke jAne binA stuti kaise kara sakate haiM? // 149 // (athavA bahuta varSa pUrva ho cuke guruoM kA yA unake pratyakSa jJAnoM ko tuma pratyakSa nahIM kara sakate ho| phira stuti kisakI kI jAya?) guru Adi ke isa pratyakSa kI yadi Apa anya pratyakSoM se siddhi honA mAnoge to una pratyakSoM kI siddhi bhI anya pratyakSoM se hogI aura unakI bhI anyoM se hogii| isa prakAra anavasthA doSa hogA (kyoMki ajJAta padArtha to kisI kA jJApaka nahIM hotA hai) kahIM svataH pratyakSoM se yadi pratyakSa jJAnoM kI siddhi honA mAnoge to syAdvAdasiddhAnta kA Azraya lenA hI par3egA // 150 // yadi sampUrNa jIvoM ke sabhI pratyakSoM kA svayaM apane Apa hI pratyakSa hokara pramANapanA prasiddha ho taba to sampUrNa prANiyoM ko apane-apane pratyakSoM kA svayaM pratyakSa pramANa hotA hai yaha kisake dvArA jAnA jAtA hai? isa bAta kA nirNaya kaise ho sakatA hai? pratyakSa pramANa se sampUrNa padArthoM kA eka hI samaya meM avalokana karane vAle kevalajJAnI yogiyoM se vizeSa dveSa karane vAle cArvAkoM ke yahA~ yaha nirNaya kisI bhI prakAra nahIM ho sakatA hai ki sabake pratyakSa apane-apane svarUpa meM vyavasthita haiN||151|| ___anya pramANoM se yadi sampUrNa prANiyoM ke pratyakSoM kA jJAna honA iSTa karoge to cArvAkoM ke yahA~ eka hI pratyakSa pramANa mAnane kI vyavasthA nahIM ho skegii| arthAt dUsaroM ke pratyakSapramANoM ko jAnane ke lie anumAna, Agama kI bhI zaraNa lenI par3atI hai| yadi apramANajJAna se hI una prANiyoM ke pratyakSoM ko jAna lenA mAnoge to phira eka pratyakSa ko bhI pramANapanA kyoM puSTa kiyA hai||152||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 89 / / sarvasya pratyakSaM svata eva pramANamiti pramANamaMtareNAdhigacchan prameyamapi tathAdhigacchatu vishessaabhaavaat| tatastaiH pratyakSaM kimu poSyata iti ciNtym|| pratyakSamanumAnaM ca pramANe iti kecana / teSAmapi kuto vyAptiH siddhyenmAnAMtarAdvinA // 153 // yopyAha-pratyakSaM mukhya pramANaM svArthAnirNItAvanyAnapekSatvAditi tasyAnumAnaM mukhyamastu tata eva / na hi tttsyaamnyaanpekssN| svotpattau tadanyApekSamiti cet , pratyakSamapi tatsvanimittamakSAdikamapekSate na punaH pramANamanyaditicet, tthaanumaanmpi| na hi tattrirUpaliMganizcayaM svahetumapekSya jaaymaanmnytprmaannmpeksste| sabhI prANiyoM ke sabhI pratyakSa svayaM apane Apa hI se pratyakSa hokara pramANa rUpa nirNIta ho rahe haiN| isa siddhAnta ko pramANa ke binA hI adhigama karane vAle cArvAka ghaTa, paTa Adi prameyoM ko bhI usI prakAra pramANa ke binA hI jAna leve| donoM prakAra ke jJeyoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai, to phira una cArvAkoM ke dvArA pratyakSa pramANa hI kyoM puSTa kiyA jA rahA hai? isa bAta kA Apa svayaM cintana kreN| bauddha aura cArvAka kA pramANa ke viSaya meM kathana ___ koI kahate haiM ki sUtra meM "pramANe" yaha dvivacana ThIka hai| pratyakSa aura anumAna ye do pramANa haiN| unake prati AcArya kahate haiM ki una bauddha yA vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ bhI anya tarka pramANa ko mAne binA sAdhya aura sAdhana kI vyApti kaise siddha hogI? __bhAvArtha : anumAna meM vyApti kI AvazyakatA hai| usako jAnane ke lie tarkajJAna mAnanA Avazyaka hogaa| mithyAjJAnasvarUpa tarka se samIcIna anumAna utpanna nahIM ho sakatA hai||153|| - cArvAka kahatA hai ki pratyakSa jJAna hI akelA mukhya pramANa hai, kyoMki pratyakSa ke sva aura artha ke nirNaya karane meM anya jJAnoM kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| ... usake mata meM anumAna pramANa bhI sva aura artha ke nirNaya karane meM anya kI apekSA na rakhane ke kAraNa mukhya pramANa ho jAyegA kyoMki usa anumAna ke bhI sva aura artha ke nirNaya karane meM dUsare jJAna kI apekSA nahIM hai| yadi koI kahe ki vaha anumAna apanI utpatti meM anya hetu (vyApti jJAna) Adi kI apekSA rakhatA hai to vaha pratyakSa bhI apane nimitta kAraNa indriya, Aloka Adi kI apekSA rakhatA hI hai, dUsare pramANoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai (kyoMki sabhI kArya apanI utpatti meM kAraNoM kI apekSA rakhate haiN)| isa prakAra anumAna bhI apane utpAdaka nimittoM kI apekSA rakhatA hai| yadi kaho ki pratyakSa jJAna svaviSaya kI jJapti karAne meM anya pramANoM ko nahIM cAhatA hai so pakSasattva, sapakSasattva, vipakSavyAvRttisvarUpa athavA kArya, svabhAva, anupalabdhisvarUpa yA pUrvavat zeSavat sAmAnya to dRSTarUpa tIna rUpa vAle liMga ke nizcaya karane rUpa apane hetu kI apekSA se utpanna anumAna bhI kisI anya pramANa kI apekSA nahI karatA hai kintu jo tIna svarUpa vAle hetu ko jAnane vAlA pramANa hai, vaha to anumAna kI utpatti kA kAraNa hI nahIM hotA hai kyoMki vyAptiyukta hetu ke jAnane meM hI vaha liMgajJAna kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai (ataH svArthoM ko jAnane meM pratyakSa ke samAna anumAna bhI svataMtra hai)|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 90 yattu trirUpaliMgagrAhi pramANaM tadanumAnotpattikAraNameva na bhavati, liMgaparicchittAveva caritArthatvAt / yadapyabhyadhAyi, pratyakSaM mukhyaM pramANAMtarajanmano nimittatvAditi tatrirUpaliMgAdinAnaikAMtikaM / yadi punararthasyAsaMbhave'bhAvAt pratyakSaM mukhyaM tadAnumAnamapi tata eva vishessaabhaavaat| taduktaM--"arthasyAsaMbhave bhAvAt pratyakSepi pramANatA / pratibaMdhasvabhAvasya taddhetutve samaM dvayam" iti| saMvAdakatvAttanmukhyamiti cet tata evAnumAnaM na punabhyAmarthaM paricchidya pravartamAnorthakriyAyAM visNvaadyte| vastuviSayatvAnmukhyaM pratyakSamiti cet tata evAnumAnaM tathAstu prApyavastuviSayatvAdanumAnasya vastuviSayaM prAmANyaM dvayoH iti vcnaat| tato mukhye dve eva pramANe pratyakSamanumAnaM ceti kecit ,teSAmapi yAvatkazciddhUmaH sa sarvopyagnijanmAnagnijanmA vA na bhavatIti vyAptiH sAdhyasAdhanayoH kutaH pramANAMtarAdvineti ciNtym|| cArvAkA ne jo yaha kahA thA ki pratyakSa pramANa hI mukhya hai, kyoMki vaha anya pramANoM ke janma dene kA nimitta hai, isa para bauddha kahate haiM ki isa prakAra vaha hetu trirUpaliMga, sAdRzyajJAna, saMketajJAna, vyApti jJAna Adika se vyabhicArI ho jAtA hai (ye liMga Adika anumAna Adi pramANoM kI utpatti ke kAraNa haiM, kintu cArvAkoM ne anumAna ko mukhya pramANa nahIM mAnA hai)| yadi phira cArvAka kahe ki vastubhUta artha ke na hone para pratyakSapramANa utpanna nahIM hotA hai ata: pratyakSa pramANa mukhya hai| taba to anumAna bhI artha ke na hone para mukhya pramANa ho jaayegaa| ina donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| vahIM bauddhoM ke yahA~ kahA hai ki artha ke vidyamAna nahIM hone para pratyakSa meM bhI pramANatA kA abhAva hai aura jJAna kA artha ke sAtha avinAbhAva saMbaMdha rakhane vAle svabhAva ko yadi pramANapane kA hetu mAnA jAyegA taba to donoM pratyakSa aura anumAna samAna koTi ke pramANa haiN| arthAt-svalakSaNa kSaNikapana Adi vastubhUta arthoM ke hone para hI utpanna hone se pratyakSa aura anumAna donoM kA pramANapanA eka sA hai| __ saphala pravRtti kA janaka hone se tathA saMvAdaka se yadi usa pratyakSa ko mukhya kahate ho to usI prakAra saMvAdaka hone se anumAna bhI mukhya ho jaayegaa| donoM pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANoM se artha kI paricchitti karake pravRtta hone se jJAna arthakriyA meM visaMvAda ko prApta nahIM karAtA hai arthAt-anumAna se agni, jala kA nirNaya kara saphala arthakriyAyeM ThIka-ThIka ho jAtI haiN| bauddha kahate haiM ki yadi cArvAka yathArthavastu ko viSaya karane vAlA hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa ko mukhya pramANa kahate haiM to prApya vastu kA viSaya karane vAlA hone se anumAna bhI mukhya pramANa ho jAyegA ata: pratyakSa aura anumAna ye do hI mukhya pramANa haiN| jainoM ke "tatpramANe" sUtra kA artha pratyakSa aura parokSa nahIM, apitu pratyakSa aura anumAna karanA hameM abhISTa hai| isa prakAra "yo'pyAha" se lekara "anumAnaM ca" taka kisI bauddha ne kathana kiyA hai| aba jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki una bauddhoM ke yahA~ jitane bhI koI dhUma haiM, ve sabhI agni se janma lene vAle haiN| agni se bhinna padArthoM se ve utpanna hone vAle nahIM haiM isa prakAra sampUrNa deza aura kAla ko vyApakara hone vAlI sAdhya aura sAdhana kI vyApti ko tIsare tarka pramANa ke binA kisase jAna sakoge? isa prazna ke uttara kA vicAra karanA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 91 pratyakSAnupalaMbhAbhyAM na tAvattatprasAdhanam / tayoH sannihitArthatvAt trikAlAgocaratvataH // 154 // kaarnnaanuplNbhaaccetkaarykaarnntaanumaa| vyApakAnupalaMbhAcca vyApyavyApakatAnumA // 155 // tadvyAptisiddhirapyanyAnumAnAditi na sthitiH| parasparamapi vyaaptisiddhaavnyonymaashryH||156|| yogipratyakSato vyAptisiddhirityapi durghttm| sarvatrAnumitijJAnAbhAvAt sklyoginH||157|| parArthAnumitau tasya vyApAropi na yujyte| ayoginaH svayaM vyAptimajAnAna: janAn prati // 158 // yoginopi prati vyarthaH svsvaarthaanumitaaviv| samAropavizeSasyAbhAvAt sarvatra yoginAm // 159 // pratyakSa aura anupalambha se to vyApti kA nirdoSa sAdhana karanA nahIM bana sakatA kyoMki bauddhoM ne una pratyakSa aura anupalambhoM ko atyanta nikaTavartI arthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA mAnA hai| ve pratyakSa aura anupalambha tInoM kAla ke sAdhya yA sAdhanoM ko viSaya nahIM karate haiN| kintu vyApti jJAna to sarvadeza aura sarvakAla ke sAdhya-sAdhanoM ko jAnatA hai| yadi kAraNa ke anupalambha se (kArya ke na dikhane para) kAryakAraNabhAvasambandha kA anumAna kiyA jAyegA, aura vyApaka ke anupalambha se vyApya ke nahIM dIkhane para vyApyavyApakabhAva sambandha kA anumAna kara liyA jAyegA, taba to usa vyApti ko sAdhane vAle anumAna kI janaka vyApti kA sAdhana bhI anya anumAna se kiyA jaayegaa| ... isa prakAra kahIM bhI sthiti nahIM hogii| (anumAna se vyApti ko jAnane meM anavasthA doSa pragaTa hai)| prakRta anumAna se usa vyApti ko jAnane vAle anumAna kI vyApti sadha jAyegI aura usa anumAna se prakRta anumAna kI vyApti siddha hogii| isa prakAra paraspara meM bhI vyApti ko siddha karane meM anyonyAzraya doSa bhI AtA hai // 154-155-156 // ____ sabako jAnane vAle yogiyoM ke pratyakSa se vyApti kI siddhi honA kaThina hai kyoMki sakala bhUta, bhaviSyat, vartamAna ke trilokavartI padArthoM ko yugapat jAnane vAle sakala yogI ke sabhI viSayoM meM pratyakSajJAna hotA hai| unake anumAna jJAna kA abhAva hai| isalie svayaM vyApti ko nahIM jAnane vAle, ayogI alpa jJAnI, manuSyoM ke prati parArthAnumAna karAne meM bhI usa yogipratyakSa kA vyApti ko jAnane vAlA vyApAra upayogI nahIM hotA hai, aura sarvajJa yogiyoM ke prati to svayaM apane pratyakSa se jAnI huI vyApti ke jJAna kA vyApAra karanA vyartha hI hai| jaise ki svArthAnumAna karane meM nikaTavartI sAdhya aura sAdhana kI pratyakSa se jAnI huI vyApti kA jJAna vyartha hogaa| yogiyoM ko sampUrNa triloka trikAlavartI padArthoM meM ajJAna, saMzaya Adi vizeSa samAropoM kA abhAva hai| (kisI kAraNa se utpanna samAropa ko dUra karane ke lie anumAna jJAna sarvatra nahIM ho sakatA) // 157-158-159 / /
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 92 etenaiva hatA dezayogipratyakSato gtiH| saMbaMdhasyAsphuTaM dRSTetyanumAnaM nirarthakam // 160 // tasyAvizadarUpatve pratyakSatvaM virudhyte| pramANAMtaratAyAM tu dve pramANe na tisstthtH||161|| na cApramANato jJAnAdyukto vyaaptivinishcyH| pratyakSAdiprameyasyApyevaM nirnniitsNgtH||12|| pratyakSaM mAnasaM yeSAM saMbaMdhaM liNgliNginoH| vyAptyA jAnAti tepyarthetIMdriye kimu kurvate // 16 // yatrAkSANi pravartate mAnasaM tatra vrtte| nonyatrAkSAdivaidhuryaprasaMgAt sarvadehinAm // 164 // saMbaMdhotIMdriyArtheSu nishciiyetaanumaantH| tadvyAptizcAnumAnenAnyena yAvatpravartate // 16 // prtykssnishcitvyaaptirnumaane'nvsthitiH| nivartyate tathAnyonyasaMzrayazceti kecana // 166 // teSAM tanmAnasaM jJAnaM spaSTaM na prtibhaaste| aspaSTaM ca kathaM nAma pratyakSamanumAnavat // 167 // isa ukta kathana se yogiyoM ke dezapratyakSa se vyApti ko jAna lene ke siddhAnta kA vyAghAta kara diyA gayA hai| kyoMki una dezayogiyoM ko bhI sAdhya-sAdhana ke sambandha kA vyAptijJAna cAroM ora se pragaTa pratyakSarUpa dRSTigocara ho rahA hai ata: una pratyakSajJAniyoM ko anumAna kA karanA vyartha hai| yadi vyApti ko jAnane vAle usa dezapratyakSa ko avizadarUpa mAnoge to usako pratyakSapanA viruddha pdd'egaa| yadi vyApti ko jAnane vAle pramANa ko anya pramANa mAnA jAyegA to pratyakSa aura anumAna do hI pramANa haiM, yaha vyavasthita nahIM hotA hai (tIsarA vyApti jJAna bhI pramANarUpa mAnanA hogA) // 160-161 // apramANajJAna se vyApti kA nizcaya karanA yukta nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANoM ke prameya tattvoM kA bhI apramANa jJAna se nirNaya honA saMgata ho jaayegaa||162|| jina vAdiyoM ke yahA~ mana-indriyoM se utpanna huA pratyakSajJAna vyApti se sAdhya aura sAdhana ke sambandha ko jAna letA hai, ve bhI vAdI indriyoM ke agocara atIndriya viSaya meM jJAna kaise karate haiM? jisa viSaya meM bahiraMga indriyA~ pravRtti karatI haiM usI viSaya meM antaraMga mana pravartatA hai, anya viSayoM meM nahIM pravartatA hai taba to sampUrNa prANiyoM ke bahiraMga indriya aura mana Adi se rahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| ___ bhAvArtha : una prANiyoM ke atIndriya, indriya, mana Adi ko alpajJa jIva apanI indriyoM se nahIM jAna skegaa| ataH anumAna bhI nahIM kara skegaa| ata: jIva kI indriyA~ siddha nahIM hoNgii||163-164|| atIndriya arthoM meM anumAna se sambandha kA nizcaya kara liyA jAtA hai, aura usa anumAna kI vyApti kA bhI nizcaya anya anumAna se kara liyA jAtA hai| yaha dhArA taba taka calatI rahegI jaba taka ki kisI pratyakSa se vyApti kA nizcaya kara liyA jaay| ata: anumAna meM anavasthA aura anyonyAzraya doSa nivRtta ho jAte haiN| aisA koI kahate haiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki unake vaha pratyakSa se vyApti ko nizcaya karane vAlA antima mAnasa jJAna spaSTa pratibhAsita nahIM hai ata: aspaSTajJAna pratyakSa kaise ho sakatA hai? jisa prakAra avizada anumAna pratyakSa nahIM kahA jAtA hai||165-166-167||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 93 tarkazcaivaM pramANaM syAtsmRtisaMjJA ca kiM na vaH / mAnasatvAvisaMvAdAvizeSAnnAnumAnyathA // 168 // mAnasaM jJAnamaspaSTaM vyAptau pramANamavisaMvAdakatvAditi vadan kathamayaM tarkameva necchet? smaraNaM pratyabhijJAnaM vA kutaH pratikSipet / tadavizeSAt manojJAnatvAnna tatpramANamiticet , naanumaansyaaprmaanntvprsNgaat| saMvAdakatvAdanumAnaM pramANamiti cet, tata eva smaraNAdi prmaannmstu| na hi tatorthaM paricchidya vartamAnorthakriyAyAM visaMvAdyate prtykssaadivt|| tarkAdermAnasedhyakSe yadi liNgaanpekssinnH| syAdatarbhavanaM siddhisttodhykssaanumaanyoH||169|| yadi tarkAdermAnasedhyAtarbhAvaH syAlliMgAnapekSatvAttato'dhyakSAnumAnayoH siddhiH pramANAMtarAbhAvavAdinaH saMbhAvyate naanythaa|| tadA mateH pramANatvaM nAmAMtaradhRtostu nH| tadvadevAvisaMvAdAcchrutasyeti pramAtrayam // 170 // isa prakAra yadi avisaMvAdI hone se pratyakSa jJAna ko pramANa mAnate ho to tumhAre darzana meM tarka, smRti, saMjJA, jJAna pramANa kyoM nahIM hogA? aura avisaMvAdIpana kI apekSA pratyakSa aura tarka smRti, saMjJA, jJAna meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai anyathA anumAna jJAna bhI pramANa nahIM ho sakatA // 168 // __ avisaMvAdI hone se mana se utpanna huA avizada jJAna bhI vyApti ko jAnane meM pramANa hai| isa prakAra kahane vAlA bauddha tarka ko pramANa kyoM nahIM mAnatA hai? tathA smaraNa aura pratyabhijJAna kA kisa pramANa se khaNDana karatA hai? kyoMki vaha avizada hokara samvAdIpanA, tarka, smaraNa aura pratyabhijJAna tInoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| mana se utpanna hone ke kAraNa ve tarka Adika tIna jJAna pramANa nahIM haiM aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA kahane se anumAna ko bhI apramANapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi samvAdI hone ke kAraNa anumAna ko pramANa mAnoge to samvAdI hone se smaraNa Adika ko bhI pramANa mAnanA par3egA kyoMki pratyakSajJAna ke samAna una smaraNa Adika se bhI artha kI paricchitti kara pravarttane vAlA puruSa arthakriyA meM visaMvAda nahIM karatA hai| liMga kI apekSA nahIM karane vAle tarka, smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, pramANoM ko yadi mAnasa pratyakSa meM garbhita karoge taba to pratyakSa aura anumAna ina do pramANoM kI siddhi ho sakegI, anyathA nhiiN||169|| yadi tarka Adi ko jJApaka hetu kI apekSA nahIM karane se mAnasa pratyakSa meM garbhita kiyA jAyegA to tIsare Adi anya pramANoM ko nahIM mAnane vAle bauddha yA vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ pratyakSa aura anumAna do pramANoM kI siddhi ho sakatI hai, anyathA nhiiN| taba to smRti, saMjJA, cintA Adi yA avagraha IhA prabhRti dUsare nAmoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle matijJAna kA pramANapanA vyavasthita ho jAne se hamAre aura tumhAre mAne hue isa jJAna meM kevala pRthak nAma nirdeza kA bheda hai, artha kA bheda nahIM hai| tathA matijJAna ke samAna zrutajJAna ko bhI avisaMvAda hone ke kAraNa pramANapanA ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra pratyakSa, anumAna aura zrutajJAna ye tIna pramANa siddha ho jAte haiN| yadi koI kahe ki indriyoM se utpanna hone ke kAraNa avagraha, IhA Adi jJAna indriyajanya pratyakSa . haiM aura indriyoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna Adika mAnasa pratyakSa haiM, hetu kI apekSA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 94 yo hyavagrahAdyAtmakamiMdriyajaM pratyakSama1rjanitatvAt tadanapekSaM tu smaraNAdi mAnasaM liMgAnapekSaNAditi brUyAt tena matijJAnamevAsmAkamiSTaM nAmAMtareNoktaM syaat| tadvizeSastu liMgApekSonumAnamiti ca pramANadvayaM matijJAnavyaktyapekSayopagataM bhvet| tathA ca zabdApekSatvAtkuto jJAnaM tataH pramANAntaraM na siddhyet saMvAdakatvAvizeSAditi prmaanntrysiddheH| "yatpratyakSaparAmarzivacaH pratyakSameva tat / laiMgikaM tatparAmarzi tatpramANAMtaraM na cet' sarvaH pratyakSeNAnumAnena vA paricchidyArthaM svayamupadizet parasmai nAnyathA tsyaanaapttvprsNgaat| tatra pratyakSaparAmaryupadezaH pratyakSameva yathA laiMgikamiti na zrutaM tataH pramANAMtaraM yena pramANadvayaniyamo na syAditi cet|| nAkSaliMgavibhinnAyAH sAmagyA vcnaatmnH| samudbhUtasya bodhasya mAnAMtaratayA sthiteH||171|| akSaliMmAbhyAM vibhinnA hi vacanAtmA sAmagrI tasyAH samudbhUtaM zrutaM pramANAMtaraM yuktamiti na tadadhyakSamevAnumAnameva vA sAmagrIbhedAt prmaannbhedvyvsthaapnaat|| nahIM hone ke kAraNa smaraNa Adika indriya pratyakSa aura mAnasa pratyakSa meM garbhita hai| isa para AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra usa vAdI ne hamArA mAnA gayA matijJAna dUsare nAma se svIkAra kiyA hai| usI matijJAna kA eka bheda to liMga kI apekSA rakhane vAlA anumAna hai| isa prakAra eka sAmAnya matijJAna ke vyakti kI apekSA se bheda ko prApta hue do pramANa pratyakSa aura anumAna svIkRta karane cAhie aura isI prakAra zabda kI apekSA se utpanna huA zrutajJAna usase bhinna tIsarA pramANa kyoM nahIM siddha hogA? arthAt avazya hogA kyoMki pratyakSa yA anumAna ke samAna saMvAdakapanA zrutajJAna meM bhI ekasA hai, koI antara nahIM hai| isa prakAra tIna pramANa prasiddha ho jAte haiN||170|| prazna : pratyakSa kA vicAra karane vAlA vacana pratyakSa rUpa hI hai aura anumAna kA parAmarza karane vAlA vacana anumAna pramANa rUpa hai ataH zrutajJAna pramANAntara nahIM hai? apitu pratyakSa kA hI bheda hai| (bauddha) sabhI upadezaka vidvAna pratyakSa athavA anumAna se svayaM, artha ko jAnakara dUsaroM ke lie upadeza dete haiM, anyathA (pratyakSa aura anumAna se svayaM nahIM jAnakara) upadeza nahIM de sakate haiM kyoMki artha ko binA jAne upadeza dene se anAptapane kA prasaMga AtA hai tathA pratyakSa jJAna se artha ko jAnakara parAmarza karane vAlA upadeza pratyakSa hI hai, jaise ki anumAna se artha ko jAnakara upadeza dene vAle kA vacana anumAnarUpa hai ataH zrutajJAna una pratyakSa aura anumAna se pRthak pramANa nahIM hai, jisase ki hamAre pratyakSa aura anumAna ina do pramANoM kA niyama nahIM ho sake? uttara : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSa kI sAmagrI indriya aura anumAna kI sAmagrI avinAbhAvI hetu se sarvathA bhinna ho rahI vacanarUpa sAmagrI se utpanna zrutajJAna kI tIsarI pRthak pramANa vyavasthA mAnanA upayukta hai||171|| .. pratyakSa aura anumAna ke kAraNa indriyA~ aura jJApaka hetuoM se vacanasvarUpa sAmagrI sarvathA bhinna hai| tathA usase samutpanna huA zrutajJAna bhI bhinna pramANa hai yaha siddhAnta yuktipUrNa hai ataH vaha zrutajJAna pratyakSarUpa athavA anumAna svarUpa nahIM hai, apitu inase bhinna pramANa hai, kyoMki sAmagrI ke bhinna-bhinna hone se pramANa ke bheda kI vyavasthA ho jAtI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 95 yatraMdriyamanodhyakSaM yogipratyakSameva vaa| laiMgikaM vA zrutaM tatra vRttermAnAMtaraM bhvet||172|| pratyakSAdanumAnasya mA bhUttarhi vibhinntaa| tadarthe vartamAnatvAt sAmagrIbhitsamA shrutiH||173|| na hi viSayasya bhedAt pramANabhedaH pratyakSAdanumAnasyAbhedaprasaMgAt / na ca tattato bhinnaviSayaM sAmAnyavizeSAtmakavastuviSayatvAt pratyakSameva sAmAnyavizeSAtmakavastuviSayaM na punaranumAnaM tasya sAmAnyaviSayatvAditicet tataH kasyacitkvacitpravRttyabhAvaprasaMgAt / sarvorthakriyArthI hi pravartate na ca sAmAnyamazeSavizeSarahitaM kAMcidarthakriyAM saMpAdayituM samarthaM tattu jnyaanmaatrsyaapybhaavaat| sAmAnyAdanumitAdvizeSAnumAnAt pravartakamanumAnamiti cet , na anvsthaanussNgaat| vizeSepi hyanumAnaM tatsAmAnyaviSayameva paraM vizeSamanumAya yadeva pravartakaM tatrApyanumAnaM tatsAmAnyaviSayamiti sudUramapi gatvA jisa bauddha ke yahA~ indriyapratyakSa, mAnasa pratyakSa, yogipratyakSa aura svasaMvedanapratyakSa ye cAra pratyakSa mAne gaye haiM, athavA tIna prakAra se hetuoM se utpanna huA anumAna mAnA gayA hai, usake unameM pravRtti karAne vAlA hone se zrutajJAna bhI tIsarA bhinna pramANa ho jAtA hai| yadi sAmagrI ke bheda se pramANa ke bheda ko na mAnakara prameya ke bheda se pramANa kA bheda mAnoge taba to bauddhoM ke yahA~ pratyakSa pramANa se anumAna pramANa kA bheda nahIM hogA, kyoMki pratyakSa ke dvArA hI jAne gaye vastubhUta kSaNikapanarUpa viSayoM meM anumAna pramANa pravRtti karatA hai| yadi sAmagrI ke bheda se pratyakSa aura anumAna kA bheda mAnA jAyegA to zrutajJAna bhI anumAna ke samAna sAmagrI bheda hone se bhinna pramANa ho jAyegA arthAt-pratyakSa jJAna kI indriya Adika sAmagrI hai aura anumAna kI hetu, vyApti, smaraNa Adi bhinna sAmagrI hai| usI ke samAna zabdasaMketa smaraNa Adika sAmagrI bhI zrutajJAna kI pRthak hI hai||172-173|| viSaya ke abheda se pramANa kA bheda mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| .. anyathA pratyakSa pramANa se anumAna ke bheda ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| athavA viSaya ke bheda se pramANa meM bheda mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para pratyakSa se anumAna ke abheda kA prasaMga AtA hai| vaha anumAna pramANa usa pratyakSa se bhinna viSaya vAlA nahIM hai, kyoMki sAmAnya vizeSarUpa vastu ko donoM hI pramANa viSaya karate haiN| pratyakSa hI sAmAnya vizeSarUpa vastu ko viSaya karatA hai, aura anumAna sAmAnyavizeSasvarUpa vastu ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai vaha anumAna kevala sAmAnya ko hI viSaya karatA hai, aisA kahane para to usa anumAna se kisI kI kahIM bhI pravRtti nahIM ho sakane kA prasaMga AvegA arthAtabhilASuka jIvoM kI pravRtti kevala sAmAnya meM nahIM ho sakatI hai vizeSoM ke binA korA sAmAnya asat hai, (jaise brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, zUdra, labdhyaparyAptaka manuSyoM ke atirikta sAmAnya manuSya koI vastu nahIM hai)| arthakriyA ko cAhane vAle sabhI manuSya arthoM meM pravRtti karate haiM kintu sampUrNa vizeSoM se rahita hotA huA sAmAnya kisI bhI arthakriyA ko banAne ke lie samartha nahIM hai| usameM jJAna mAtra kA bhI abhAva hai arthAt vaha vizeSarahita sAmAnya sulabhatA se svakIya jJAna karA dene rUpa arthakriyA ko bhI nahIM kara sakatA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 96 sAmAnyavizeSaviSayamanumAnamupagaMtavyaM tataH pravRttau tasya praaptiprsiddhH| sAmagrIbhedAdbhinnamanumAnamadhyakSAditi cet tata eva zrutaM.tAbhyAM bhinnamastu vishessaabhaavaat|| zabdaliMgAkSasAmagrIbhedAdyeSAM pramAtrayaM / teSAmazabdaliMgAkSajanmajJAnaM pramAMtaram // 174 // yogipratyakSamapyakSasAmagrIjanitaM na hi| sarvArthAgocaratvasya prasaMgAdasmadAdivat // 15 // ___ na hi yogijJAnamiMdriyajaM srvaarthgraahitvaabhaavprsNgaadsmdaadivt| na hIMdriyaiH sAkSAtparaMparayA vA sarverthAH sakRt saMnikRSyaMte na cAsaMnikRSTeSu tajjJAnaM sNbhvti| yogajadharmAnugrahItena manasA sarvArthajJAnasiddharadoSa iti ___ anumAna se jAna liye gaye sAmAnya se puna: dUsare vizeSa ko jAnane ke lie anumAna kiyA jAtA hai aura usa dUsare anumAna se vizeSa vyakti meM pravRtti hotI hai ata: anumAna pramANa pravartaka hai aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki isameM anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| vizeSa meM bhI jo pIche se anumAna hogA vaha sAmAnya ko viSaya karane vAlA hI hogA kAraNa ki sAmAnyarUpa se vyApti kA grahaNa hotA hai, usI prakAra vizeSa kA anumAna bhI sAmAnya rUpa se hogaa| puna: usa anya vizeSa ko anumAna karake jo hI anumAna pravartaka kahA jAvegA, vahA~ bhI vizeSa ko jAnane vAlA vaha anumAna punaH sAmAnya ko hI viSaya karegA aura phira sAmAnya ke dvArA vizeSa kI sAmAnyapane karake hI anumiti hogii| bahuta dUra jAkara bhI sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM ko viSaya karane vAlA anumAna svIkAra karanA pdd'egaa| usa anumAna se pravRtti honA mAnane para usa sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu kI hI prApti honA prasiddha ho jAtA hai| sAmagrI ke bheda se yadi anumAna ko pratyakSa se bhinna mAnoge to bhinna-bhinna utpAdaka sAmagrI hone se hI zrutajJAna bhI una pratyakSa aura anumAnoM se bhinna ho jAyeMge, bhinna-bhinna sAmagrI hone kA koI antara nahIM hai| (zabda, saMketagrahaNa Adi sAmagrI AgamajJAna kI hai aura hetu, vyAptigrahaNa, pakSatA yaha anumAna kI sAmagrI hai| tathA indriya, yogya deza, vizada kSayopazama, pratyakSa kI sAmagrI hai)| isa prakAra zabda, liMga aura indriya Adi sAmagriyoM ke bheda se jina vAdiyoM ke yahA~ pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama ye tIna pramANa mAne gaye haiM una kApiloM ke yahA~ jo jJAna zabda, liMga aura akSa (indriya) janya nahIM hai, vaha cauthA pRthak pramANa mAnanA pdd'egaa| yogiyoM kA sampUrNa padArthoM ko yugapat jAnane vAlA pratyakSa to indriya sAmagrI se utpanna nahIM huA hai| yogI ke pratyakSa ko bhI yadi indriyoM se utpanna huA mAnA jAyegA to (asmadAdikoM) alpajJAnI hama logoM ke alpajJAna samAna sarvajJa ke pratyakSa ko bhI sampUrNa arthoM ko viSaya nahIM karanepana kA prasaMga aayegaa| (indriyA~ to sampUrNa bhUta, bhaviSyat, dezAMtaravartI, sUkSma Adi arthoM ko nahIM jAna sakatI haiN| kevala sambandhita aura vartamAna ko hI jAna pAtI haiN)||174-175|| yogI (kevalajJAniyoM) kA jJAna indriyajanya nahIM hai anyathA sampUrNa arthoM ke grAhakapane ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai, jaise ki hama sArikhe chadmasthoM kA indriyajanya jJAna sampUrNa arthoM ko nahIM jAna sakatA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 97 cet , kutaH punastena manaso'nugrahaH? sakRtsarvArthasannikarSakaraNamiti cet tadvadasau yogajo dharmaH svayaM sakRtsarvArthajJAnaM parisphuTaM kiM na kurvIta paraMparAparihArazcaivaM syAnnAnyathA yogajadharmAt manasonugrahastato'zeSArthajJAnamiti paraMparAyA nisspryojntvaat| karaNAdvinA jJAnamityadRSTakalpanatyAgaH prayojanamiti cet / nanvevaM sakRtsarvArthasannikarSo manasa ityadRSTa kalpanaM tadavasthAnaM, sakRtsarvArthajJAnAnyathAnupapattestasya siddhernAdRSTakalpaneti cet na, anyathApi tatsiddheH AtmArthasannikarSamAtrAdeva hai| indriyoM ke sAtha sampUrNa arthoM kA avyavahita rUpa se athavA paramparA se bhI yugapat sannikarSa nahIM ho sakatA aura indriyoM se saMnikRSTa nahIM hue arthoM meM indriyajanya pratyakSajJAna honA sambhava nahIM hai| yadi naiyAyika yA sAMkhya kaheM ki sayogakevalI ke citta kI vRttiyoM ko rokakara eka artha meM zubhadhyAnarUpa yoga se utpanna hue dharma se anugraha ko prApta mana indriya se sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna honA siddha hotA hai ata: koI doSa nahIM hai, to usa samAdhijanya dharma se mana kA anugraha kaise hotA hai? yadi kaho ki eka hI bAra meM saMpUrNa arthoM ke sAtha mana kA saMnikarSa kara denA hI dharma kA mana ke Upara upakAra hai, taba to sampUrNa arthoM ke sAtha mana kA saMnikarSa kara dene ke samAna vaha yogaja dharma yugapat svayaM atIva vizada sampUrNa arthoM ke jJAna ko hI sIdhA kyoM nahIM kara letA hai ? isa prakAra karane se bIca meM paramparA lene kA parihAra bhI ho jAtA hai| anyathA paramparA kA nivAraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| yogaja dharma se mana ke Upara anugraha pahale kiyA jAe aura pIche usase sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna kiyA jAe, isa paramparA ko mAnanA niSprayojana hai| sAMkhya yA vaizeSikoM ne pratyakSajJAna kA karaNa saMnikarSa mAnA hai ata: sAMkhya kahatA hai ki karaNa ke binA jJAna ho jAe, aisA dekhA nahIM gayA hai ata: kevalajJAnI ke pratyakSa karane meM azeSa arthoM ke sAtha saMnikarSa mAnane kA yaha prayojana hai ki karaNa binA jJAna ho gayA, aisI adRSTa kalpanA ko tyAga diyA jaay| isake uttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra eka hI bAra meM sampUrNa arthoM ke sAtha mana kA saMnikarSa honA yaha adyapi dekhate nahIM gaye artha kI kalpanA karanA to vaisI kI vaisI avasthita hai| arthAt-aNu mana ke sAtha saMpUrNa arthoM kA saMnikarSa honA yaha adRSTa artha kI kalpanA hai, kyoMki sanikarSa ke binA to asaMkhya padArthoM kI cakSu mana aura tarka se jJaptiyA~ ho rahI hai| eka hI samaya meM sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna mana ke sAtha sampUrNa arthoM kA saMnikarSa hue binA nahIM bana sakatA hai, ata: usa sarva artha ke saMnikarSa kI siddhi ho rahI hai| yaha adRSTa kI kalpanA nahIM hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki anya prakAroM se bhI eka hI bAra sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna ho jAne kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| arthAt-naiyAyikoM ke matAnusAra triloka trikAlavartI, vyApaka, nitya AtmA ke sAtha artha kA saMnikarSa mAtra ho jAne se hI una sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna ho jAne kI upapatti hai| athavA jaina matAnusAra AtmA, mana, indriya aura artha kA saMnikarSa hue binA bhI kevala AtmA se jJAnAvaraNa kA kSaya ho jAne para
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 98 tadupapatteH / tathAhi / yogijJAnaM karaNakramAtivarti sAkSAtsarvArthajJAnavatvAt yannaivaM tanna tathA yathAsmadAdijJAnamiti yuktamutpazyAmaH / ata eva karaNAdvinA jJAnamiti dRSTaparikalpanaM prakSINakaraNAvaraNasya sarvArthaparicchittiH svAtmana eva karaNatvopapattezca bhaaskrvt| na hi bhAnoH sakalajaganmaMDalaprakAzanetiraM karaNamasti / prakAzastasya tatra karaNamiti cet , sa tato naarthaaNtrN| ni:prakAzatvApatteranatiramiti cet , siddhaM svAtmanaH karaNatvaM samarthita ca karturananyadavibhaktakartRkaM karaNamagnerauSNyAdivaditi nArthAMtarakaraNapUrvakaM yogijJAnaM / nApyakaraNaM yena tadidriyajamadRSTaM vA kalpitaM saMbhavet / ye tvAhuH, iMdriyAnidriyapratyakSamatIMdriyapratyakSaM cAkSAzritaM sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna honA bana jAtA hai| usI ko spaSTa kara anumAna dvArA kahate haiM) yogI kA jJAna indriyoM ke krama kA ullaMghana karatA hai sAkSAt sampUrNa arthoM ko jAnane vAlA jJAna hone se| jo jJAna kramavartI indriyoM ke upakrama kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai, vaha jJAna sampUrNa arthoM ko jAnane vAlA nahIM hai, jaise ki hama sabhI alpajJa jIvoM kA jJAna / isa siddhAnta ko hama yuktipUrNa (yathArtha) dekha rahe haiN| ataeva karaNa ke binA bhI jJAna ho jAtA hai, yaha svasaMvedana pratyakSa meM dekhe hue tattva kI hI kalpanA hai| jisa AtmA ke karaNajJAna ko rokane vAle jJAna ke AvaraNoM kA prakRSTa rUpa se kSaya ho gayA hai, usako saMnikarSa ke binA bhI sampUrNa arthoM kI paricchitti (jJAna) ho jAtI hai| athavA arthoM kI paricchitti karane meM svakIya AtmA ko hI karaNapanA hai, jaise ki sampUrNa arthoM ke prakAzita karane meM svayaM sUrya hI karaNa hai| sarvathA svAdhIna kevalajJAnarUpa karaNa ko AvaraNa karane vAle jJAnAvaraNa paTala kA nAza hone para sarva padArthoM kI paricchitti karane meM AtmA ko apane se pRthak karaNoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| jaise-sUrya ko sampUrNa jagat maNDala ko prakAzita karane meM koI dUsarA bhinna padArtha karaNa AkAMkSaNIya nahIM hai, yadi sUrya ko usa maNDala ko prakAzita karane meM prakAza ko karaNa mAnA jAyegA to vaha prakAza usa sUrya se bhinna arthAntara nahIM hai anyathA sUrya ko svayaM prakAza rahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi sUrya se prakAza abhinna hai to svayaM apane ko karaNapanA siddha ho jAtA hai| pUrva prakaraNoM meM AtmA kA hI karaNatva rUpa se samarthana kara cuke haiN| jaise agni kI uSNatA, UrdhvagamanasvabhAva Adika karaNa usa kartArUpa agni se abhinna haiM ataH sarvathA apane se bhinna karaNa ko kAraNa mAnakara yogI kA jJAna utpanna nahIM hotA hai aura yogI kA jJAna karaNa ke binA hI utpanna ho jAya, yaha bhI nahIM hai, jisase ki vaha indriyajanya mAnA jAya yA pUrva ukta adRSTa kI kalpanA saMbhava ho ske| bhAvArtha : kartA se abhinna karaNavAle kevalajJAna dvArA indriya, saMnikarSa Adi ke binA hI sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| jo vAdI aisA kahate haiM ki indriya pratyakSa, mAnasa pratyakSa tathA yogiyoM kA atIndriya pratyakSa ye sabhI pratyakSa jJAna akSa kA Azraya lekara utpanna hote haiM, kyoMki jJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama aura kSaya vAle AtmA ko akSa zabda kA vAcya arthapanA hai| yahA~ akSa kA artha AtmA liyA gayA hai ata: akSa kI apekSA rakhane vAlA pratyakSa aura liMga kI apekSA rakhane vAlA anumAna aura zabdasAmagrI kI apekSA rakhane vAlA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 99 kSINopazAMtAvaraNasya kSINAvaraNasya cAtmano'kSazabdavAcyatvAdanumAnaM liMgApekSaM zabdApekSaM zrutamiti pratyakSAnumAnAgamAH pramANAni vyavatiSThate akSAdisAmagrIbhedAditi teSAM smRtisaMjJAciMtAnAM pratyakSatvaprasaMga: kSINopazAMtAvaraNAtmalakSaNamakSamAzrityotpattiliMgazabdAnapekSatvAcca / pratyakSaM vizadaM jJAnaM yogItarajaneSu cet / smrnnaadervaishdyaadprtyksstvmaagtm||176|| vizadaM jJAnaM pratyakSamiti vacane smRtyaaderprtyksstvmityaayaatN| tathA ca pramANAMtaratvaM laiMgike zAbde vAnaMtarbhAvAdapramANatvAnupapatteH / kathamliMgazabdAnapekSatvAdanumAgamatA ca n| saMvAdAnApramANatvamiti saMkhyA pratiSThitA // 177 // zrutajJAna isa prakAra pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama ye tIna pramANa vyavasthita ho jAte haiM, kyoMki inameM akSa, liMga Adi sAmagrI bhinna-bhinna hai| aisA kahane vAloM ke siddhAnta meM smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna aura vyAptijJAna ko bhI pratyakSapane kA prasaMga AegA, kyoMki matijJAnAvaraNa karmoM ke kSayopazamasvarUpa AtmA nAma ke akSa ko lekara inakI utpatti hotI hai| liMga tathA zabda kI apekSA na hone se anumAna aura zrutajJAna meM smRti Adi garbhita nahIM ho skte| sarvajJa ke pratyakSoM meM aura anya saMsArI jIvoM ke pratyakSoM meM vizada pratyakSa jJAna ghaTita ho jAtA hai, taba to smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna Adi ko avizada hone ke kAraNa apratyakSapanA svayameva ghaTita ho jAtA hai||176|| vizada jJAna ko pratyakSa kahane para smRti Adika jJAnoM ko pratyakSarahita panA prApta hotA hai aura isa prakAra hone para smRti Adika ko pratyakSa se bhinna pramANapanA siddha hI hai| . hetu se utpanna hue anumAna pramANa meM athavA zabdajanya Agama jJAna meM smRti AdikoM kA antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai tathA smRti jJAna apramANa bhI nahIM hai ata: vaizeSika yA bauddhoM tathA kApiloM ko smRti Adika bhinna parokSa pramANa mAnane pdd'eNge| ve smRti Adika anumAna, AgamarUpa kaise nahIM haiM? yA apramANa bhI kyoM nahIM haiM? aisI jijJAsA hone para uttara diyA gayA hai smaraNa Adi ko liMga kI apekSA nahIM hone ke kAraNa anumAnapanA nahIM hai, zabda kI saMketasmaraNa dvArA sahakAritA nahIM hone se AgamapramANapanA bhI nahIM hai tathA saphala pravRtti ko karane vAle saMvAdIjJAna hone ke kAraNa smaraNa Adi apramANa bhI nahIM haiM ataH pramANoM kI saMkhyA pratiSThita hotI hai, athavA smRti, cintA, saMjJA Adi ko pRthak pramANa mAnakara ginane se pramANoM kI saMkhyA pratiSThita ho jAtI hai||177|| jisa prakAra smaraNa Adi ko avizada hone se pratyakSapanA nahIM hai, usI prakAra liMga aura zabda sAmagrI kA sahakRtapanA na hone se anumAna aura Agamapana bhI nahIM hai| sAtha hI meM samvAdaka hone ke kAraNa apramANapanA bhI nahIM hai ataH smRti, pratyabhijJAna aura tarka ko tIna pramANoM se atirikta cauthA Adi pramANapanA sulabhatApUrvaka prApta ho jAtA hai ata: tIna hI pramANa jJAna haiN| yaha saMkhyA pratiSThita ho sakatI hai , arthAt upahAsa pUrvaka vyaMgya karake pramANa kI tIna saMkhyA kA siddha na honA kaha diyA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 100 yathA hi smaraNAderavisaMvAdatvAnna pratyakSatvaM tathA liMgazabdAnapekSatvAnnAnumAnAgamatvaM saMvAdakatvAnApramANatvamiti pramANAMtaratopapatteH supratiSThitA saMkhyA trINyeva prmaannaaniiti|| etenaiva catuH pNcssttprmaannaabhidhaayinaaN| sveSTasaMkhyAkSatijJeyA smRtyAdestadvibhedataH // 178 // yepyabhidadhate pratyakSAnumAnopamAnazabdAH pramANAni catvAryeveti sahArthApattyA paMcaiveti vA sahAbhAvena SaDeveti vA, teSAmapi sveSTasaMkhyAkSati: pramANatrayavAdISTasaMkhyAnirAkaraNenaiva prtyetvyaa| smRtyAdInAM tato vishessaapekssyaarthaaNtrtvsiddheH| na hyupamAnepattyAmabhAve vA smRtyAdayoMtarbhAvayituM zakyA: sAdRzyAdisAmAyanapekSatvAt upmaanaarthaapttiruuptvenvsthaaprsNgaat| abhAvarUpatve sadaMze prvrtktvvirodhaat| . isa kathana se (smRti Adi kA bhinna pramANapanA siddha ho jAne se) aura svIkRta pramANoM meM antarbhAva na hone se hI cAra, pA~ca, chaha, sAta, ATha pramANoM ko kahane vAle vAdiyoM kI mAnI huI apanI abhISTa saMkhyA kI kSati ho gayI hai, aisA samajha lenA cAhie kyoMki smRti Adi una mAne hue niyata pramANoM se vibhinna siddha hote haiN||178|| ___jo bhI naiyAyika Adi kahate haiM ki pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura zabda-ye cAra hI pramANa haiN|' athavA arthApatti ke milAne para pA~ca hI pramANa haiM aura abhAva ko milAne se chaha hI pramANa haiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki una sabakI bhI apane abhISTa saMkhyA kI kSati isa tIna pramANa (pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama) ko mAnane vAle vAdI kI iSTa saMkhyA ke nirAkaraNa kara dene se hI samajha lenA cAhie, kyoMki smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarkoM ko viziSTa arthoM ke grahaNa karane kI apekSA se una pramANoM se bhinna pramANapanA siddha hai| naiyAyika Adi ke dvArA mAne gae upamAna pramANa yA arthApatti athavA abhAva meM to smRti Adi kA antarbhAva nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki upamAna kI sAmagrI sAdRzya aura arthApatti kI sAmagrI ananyathAbhavana tathA abhAva kI sAmagrI AdhAra "vastugrahaNa" manaindriya, pratiyogismaraNa Adi haiN| unakI apekSA to smaraNa Adi jJAnoM meM nahIM hai| smaraNa Adi ko upamAna yA arthApattirUpa mAnane para anavasthA doSa kA bhI prasaMga AtA hai| smaraNa Adi ko abhAva pramANarUpa mAnane para bhAva aMza meM pravartakapane kA virodha AtA hai, (kyoMki mImAMsakoM ke yahA~ asat aMza ko jAnane ke kAraNa abhAva pramANa ko nivRtti karane vAlA mAnA hai) jahA~ pA~ca pramANa kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai, vahA~ abhAva pramANa mAnA gayA hai| sadRzapana kI smRti aura pratyabhijJAna, tarka Adi ko yadi naiyAyika upamAnasvarUpa mAneMge taba to usa upamAna ke utpanna karane vAle sAdRzya Adi ko jAnane ke lie punaH smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi hone cAhie anyathA (yAnI jJAta hue binA) usa sAdRzya Adi ko usa upamAna pramANa ke utthAna karAne kI sAmarthya kI asambhavatA hai| yadi smRti Adi 1. naiyAyika pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura Agama ye cAra pramANa mAnate haiN| prabhAkara, mImAMsaka arthApatti adhika mAnatA hai aura jaiminI abhAva ke sAtha chaha pramANa mAnate haiN| cArvAka pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnatA hai aura bauddha pratyakSa aura anumAna ina do pramANoM ko mAnate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 101 sAdRzyasmRtyAdayo hi yApamAnarUpAstadA tadutthApakasAdRzyAdismRtyAdibhirbhavitavyaM anyathA tasya tadutthApanasAmarthyAsambhavAt smRtyAdyagocarasyApi tadutthApanasAmarthyatiprasaMgAt / pratyakSagocaracAri sAdRzyamupamAnasyotthApakamiti cenna, tasya dRSTadRzyamAnagogavayavyaktigatasya prtykssaagocrtvaat| gosadRzo gavaya ityatidezavAkyAhitasaMskAro hi gavayaM pazyatpratyeti gosadRzo'yaM gavaya iti| tatra godarzanakAle yadi gavayena sAdRzyaM dRSTaM zrutaM gavayadarzanasamaye smaryate pratyabhijJAyate ca gavayapratyayanimittaH soyaM gavayazabdavAcya iti saMjJAsaMjJisaMbaMdhapratipattinimittaM vA tadA siddhameva smRtyAdiviSayatvamupamAnajananasya sAdRzyasyeti kutaH pratyakSagocaratvaM? yatastatsAdRzyasmRtyAderupamAnatve anavasthA na syAt / tathApattyutthApakasyAnanyathA bhavanasya paricchedakasmRtyAdayo yadyarthApattirUpAstadA tadutthApakA parAnanyathA bhavanapramANarUpatvaparicchediraparaiH se viSaya nahIM kiye gae sAdRzya kI bhI usa upamAna ke utthita karAne meM zakti mAnI jAegI to atiprasaMga doSa aaegaa| arthAt gau aura gavaya ke sAdRzya ko binA jAne bhI vana meM rojha ko dekhakara isa gavaya ke sadRza gau hotI hai, aisA upamAna pramANa usa sAdRzya ke vidyamAna hone mAtra se utpanna hone kA prasaMga AegA kintu aisA hotA nahIM hai| pratyakSa kA viSaya karane vAlA sAdRzya upamAna kA utpAdaka hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki parvakAla meM dekhI gaI gau ke sadaza gavaya hotA hai| isa prakAra vaddhavAkya ko sanakara dhAraNA nAmaka saMskAra ko dhArane vAlA puruSa vana meM gavaya ko dekhatA huA avazya aisA nirNaya kara letA hai ki yaha gavaya gau ke sadRza hai| pratyakSa aura anumAna ina pramANoM ko mAnatA hai| vahA~ prathama gau kA darzana karate samaya yadi gavaya ke sAtha gAya kA sadRzapanA dekhA yA sunA hai, pIche gavaya kA darzana karate samaya usa dekhe yA sune hue sAdRzya kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai aura vaise sAdRzya kA smaraNa ho jAne se sAdRzya kA pratyabhijJAna hotA hai, taba vaha araNya meM dekhe gaye viziSTa pazu meM gavayajJAna kA nimittakAraNa hotA hai ki yaha vyakti gavayazabda kA vAcya hai| athavA saMjJA aura saMjJA vAle saMbaMdha kI pratipattirUpa upamAna kA nimitta vaha smRta yA pratyabhijJAta sAdRzya hai, taba to upamAna ko utpanna karane vAle sAdRzya ko smRti yA pratyabhijJAna kA viSayapanA siddha hI hai| isa prakAra vaha sAdRzya pratyakSa kA viSaya kaise ho sakatA hai ? jisase ki phira usa sAdRzya ko jAnane vAle smRti Adi ko upamAna pramANa mAnane para anavasthA doSa nahIM hotA hai? arthAt avazya hotA tathA arthApatti pramANa ko utthApana karAne vAle anyathA nahIM hone rUpa hetu ke jAnane vAle smRti Adi puna: yadi arthApatti rUpa hoMge taba to una arthApattiyoM ke utthApaka dUsare ananyathA bhavana ko pramANa rUpa hote hue jAnane vAle dUsare smRti Adi ko honA cAhie aura ve smRti Adi bhI puna: arthApattirUpa hoMge, isa arthApatti meM smaraNa kI aura tarka kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai anyathA arthApatti ke utthApaka ananyathA bhavana kI pratipatti nahIM hogii| isa prakAra aneka arthApattirUpa smRti Adi kI AkAMkSA bar3hatI rahane ke kAraNa anavasthA hotI hai jaise ki una smRti AdikoM ko anumAnasvarUpa kahane se anavasthA hotI hai vaise yahA~ samajhanA caahie| (kyoMki usa anumAna ke utthApaka vyAptismaraNa aura liMga ke pratyabhijJAna ko bhI punaH anumAnarUpa kahanA Avazyaka hogA)
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 102 smRtyAdibhirbhavitavyamityanavasthA taasaamnumaanruuptvvtprtipttvyaaH| kathamabhAvapramANarUpatve smRtyAdInAM sadaMze pravartakatvaM virudhyata iti cet , abhAvapramANasyAsadaMzaniyatatvAditi bruumH| na hi tadvAdibhistasya sdNshvissytvmbhyupgmyte| sAmarthyAdabhyupagamyata iti cet , pratyakSAderasadaMzaviSayatvaM tathAbhyupagamyatAM vizeSAbhAvAt / evaM cAbhAvapramANavaiyarthyamasadaMzasyApi pratyakSAdisamadhigamyatvasiddheH / sAkSAdaparabhAvapariccheditvAnnAbhAvapramANasya vaiyarthyamiti cet , tarhi smRtyAdInAmabhAvapramANarUpANAM sAkSAdabhAvaviSayatvAtsadaMze pravartakatvaM kathaM na viruddhaM / tato nopamAnAdiSu smRtyAdInAmaMtarbhAva iti pramANAMtaratvasiddheH siddhA sveSTasaMkhyAkSatiH ctuHpNcssttprmaannaabhidhaayinaam|| tadvakSyamANakAn sUtradvayasAmarthyataH sthitH| dvitvasaMkhyAvizeSotrAkalaMkairabhyadhAyi yH||179|| zaMkA : smRti Adi ko abhAva pramANarUpa mAnane para sadrUpa bhAva aMza meM pravRtti karA denA kaise viruddha par3atA hai ? samAdhAna : abhAva pramANa asadrUpa aMza meM niyata hai, aisA mImAMsaka kahate haiN| usa abhAva pramANa ko mAnane vAle mImAMsakoM ke dvArA usa abhAva pramANa kA viSaya bhAva aMza svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai (aisI dazA meM abhAvapramANarUpa smRti Adika se dhUma Adi ko jAnakara bhAva meM pravRtti kaise ho sakegI? yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki abhAva pramANa mukhyarUpa se vastu ke asat aMza ko jAnatA hai aura sat aMza ke binA asat aMza Thahara nahIM sakatA hai)| isa sAmarthya se abhAva pramANa dvArA bhAva aMza kA jAnanA bhI hameM svIkRta hai| AcArya kahate haiM taba to hama syAdvAdI kaheMge ki isa prakAra sAmarthya hone se pratyakSa anumAna Adi pA~ca bhAvagrAhI pramANoM ko bhI asat aMza kA viSaya karanA mAnanA caahie| kyoMki, ina donoM meM koI antara nahIM hai aura isa prakAra vyavasthA hone para to chaThe abhAva pramANa kA mAnanA vyartha siddha hotA hai kyoMki, pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se hI asat aMza kA bhI adhigama ho jAnA siddha ho jAtA hai| yadi abhAva pramANa sAkSAt avyavahitarUpa se anya bhAvoM kA paricchedI na hokara abhAva kA paricchedaka hai aura pratyakSa Adi pramANa to bhAva ko jAnakara pIche paramparA se abhAva ko jAnate haiM ata: sAkSAt abhAva kA jJAyaka hone se abhAva pramANa vyartha nahIM hai, taba to abhAva pramANasvarUpa smRti Adi jJAna bhI avyavahita rUpa se abhAva ko hI viSaya karegA, ataH smRti Adi ko bhAva aMza meM pravartakapanA kyoM viruddha nahIM par3egA? arthAt avazya pdd'egaa| upamAna, anumAna, arthApatti, abhAva, Agama, pramANoM meM smRti, pratyabhijJAna aura tarka kA antarbhAva nahIM ho pAtA hai| ataH smRti Adi ko bhinna pramANapane kI siddhi ho jAtI hai isalie cAra, pA~ca, chaha athavA aura bhI adhika pramANoM ko kahane vAle naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi ke yahA~ apane abhISTa pramANoM kI saMkhyA kA vighAta ho jAnA siddha hotA hai| __isa grantha meM Age kahe jAne vAle "Adye parokSaM," "pratyakSamanyat" -ina do sUtroM ke sAmarthya se jo do saMkhyA vizeSa pramANa kahA hai, usI ko akalaMka deva ne bhI pramANa ke do bheda kahe haiN||179||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 103 pratyakSaM vizadaM jJAnaM tridhA shrutmvissnnutm| parokSaM pratyabhijJAdI pramANe iti sNgrhH||180|| tridhA prtykssmityettsuutrvyaahtmiikssyte| pratyakSAtIMdriyatvasya niyamAdityapezalam // 181 // atyakSasya svasaMvittiH prtyksssyaavirodhtH| vaizadyAMzasya sadbhAvAt vyavahAraprasiddhitaH // 182 // pratyakSamekamevoktaM mukhyaM pUrNetarAtmakam / akSamAtmAnamAzritya vartamAnamatIMdriyam // 183 // parAsahatayAkhyAtaM parokSaM tu matizrutam / zabdArthazrayaNAdevaM na doSaH kazcidIkSyate // 184 // ___pratyakSaM vizadaM jJAnaM vidheti bruvANenApi mukhyamatIMdriyaM pUrNaM kevalamapUrNamavadhijJAnaM mana:paryayajJAnaM ceti niveditameva, tasyAkSamAtmAnamAzritya vrtmaantvaat| vyavahArataH punariMdriyapratyakSamaniMdriyapratyakSamiti vaishdyaaNshsdbhaavaat| tato na tasya suutrvyaahtiH| zrutaM pratyabhijJAdi ca parokSamityetadapi na sUtraviruddhaM, Adye zrI akalaMka deva kA yaha abhiprAya hai ki vizadajJAna pratyakSa hai| vaha avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai tathA aneka bAdhAoM ke viplava se rahita zrutajJAna, pratyabhijJAna tarka Adi parokSa pramANa haiN| isa prakAra pratyakSa aura parokSa do pramANoM meM sabhI pramANoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai||180|| koI kahatA hai ki jaina granthoM meM jo tIna prakAra kA pratyakSa jJAna mAnA gayA hai, vaha to sUtra se vyAghAtayukta dikha rahA hai kyoMki avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna ina tIna atIndriya pratyakSoM kA hI Apane niyama kiyA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki yaha kathana prazaMsanIya nahIM hai, kyoMki indriyoM se atikrAnta pratyakSa kA svasaMvedana ho rahA hai| isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| tathA ekadeza se vizadapanA indriya pratyakSoM meM bhI vidyamAna hai, ataH, vyavahAra kI prasiddhi se avagraha Adi bhI pratyakSarUpa haiN| arthAt-yadyapi mukhyarUpa se to avadhi Adi tIna hI pratyakSa haiM, parantu vizadapanA hone se indriya pratyakSa ko bhI parIkSAmukha Adi * nyAya ke anya granthoM meM sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa mAnA hai vastuta: ve parokSa haiM // 181-182 // ... pUrNa pratyakSa kevalajJAna tathA aparipUrNa pratyakSa avadhi aura manaHparyaya svarUpa ye saba eka hI mukhya pratyakSa pramANa kahe gaye haiM, kyoMki akSa yAnI AtmA ko hI Azraya lekara ke utpanna hote haiM ata: indriyoM se atikrAnta avadhi Adi tIna jJAna to indriya, Aloka, hetu, zabda Adi kI sahakAritA se nahIM hote haiM ata: ve mukhya pratyakSa kahe gaye haiM tathA mati aura zruta indriyAdi kI sahAyatA se hote haiM ataH ve parokSa mAne gaye haiN| isa prakAra zabda sambandhI nyAya aura artha sambandhI nyAya kA Azraya lene se koI bhI doSa dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai||183-184|| ___ vizada jJAna pratyakSa hai, vaha tIna prakAra kA hai, isa prakAra kahane vAle syAdvAdI ke mukhya rUpa se atIndriya aura pUrNa viSayoM ko jAnane vAlA kevalajJAna pratyakSa hai tathA apUrNa viSayoM ko jAnane vAlA avadhijJAna aura mana:paryaya jJAna bhI vikala atIndriya pratyakSa hai, aisA nivedana kara diyA hai kyoMki ye tInoM * pratyakSa jJAna AtmA kA Azraya lekara utpanna hote haiN| vyavahAra se phira pA~ca indriyoM se utpanna hue pratyakSa aura mana se utpanna hue pratyakSa bhI haiM, kyoMki ekadeza se vizadapanA unameM bhI vidyamAna hai ataH dvivacanAnta
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 104 parokSamityanena tasya prokssprtipaadnaat| avagrahehAvAyadhAraNAnAM smRtezca parokSatvavacanAt tadvirodha iti cenna, pratyabhijJAdItyatra vRttidvayena sarvasaMgrahAt / kathaM pratyabhijJAyA AdiH pUrvaM pratyabhijJAdIti smRtiparyaMtasya jJAnasya saMgrahAt prAdhAnyenAvagrahAderapi parokSatvavacanAt pratyabhijJA Adiryasyeti vRttyA punarabhinibodhaparyaMtasaMgRhIterna kAcitparokSavyaktirasaMgrahItA syAt / tata eva pratyabhijJAdIti yuktaM vyavahArato mukhyataH sveSTasya parokSavyaktisamUhasya pratyAyanAt anyathA smaraNAdi parokSaM tu pramANe iti saMgraha ityevaM spaSTamabhidhAnaM syAt / tataH zabdArthAzrayaNAnna kshciddossotroplbhyte|| Adye parokSam // 11 // . pada se eka parokSa aura eka hI vizada pratyakSa ko kahane vAle usa sUtra kA vyAghAta nahIM hotA hai tathA zrutajJAna aura pratyabhijJAna Adi parokSa haiN| isa prakAra yaha bhI sUtra se viruddha nahIM hai, kyoMki Age "Adye parokSam"isa sUtra se unake parokSapane kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| arthAt pratyakSa aura parokSa ina do jJAnoM meM sabhI jJAna garbhita ho jAte haiN| avagrahA IhA, avAya, dhAraNA aura smRti ko bhI parokSapanA kahA gayA hai ata: kevala zruta aura pratyabhijJAna Adi ke parokSapanA kahane hI se usa sUtra kA virodha AtA hai, aisA nahIM kahanA, kyoMki, pratyabhijJAdi-isa zabda meM SaSThI tatpuruSa aura bahubrIhi samAsa ina do vRttiyoM se sabhI parokSa pramANoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| zaMkA : sarvasaMgraha kaise ho jAtA hai ? __samAdhAna : jo jJAna pratyabhijJAna ke Adi (pUrvavartI) hai, ve pratyabhijJAdi haiN| isa prakAra SaSThI tatpuruSa samAsa se avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA, smRtiparyanta jJAnoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki avagraha Adi ke bhI pradhAnatA se parokSapana kA kathana kiyA gayA hai aura jisake Adi meM pratyabhijJA hai, aisI bahubrIhi nAmaka samAsavRtti se cintA, abhinibodha paryanta jJAnoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai ata: koI bhI parokSa pramANa asaMgrahIta nahIM hai ataH pratyabhijJAdi isa prakAra vArttika meM kahanA yuktipUrNa hai kyoMki vyavahAra aura mukhyarUpa se svayaM ko abhISTa parokSa vyaktiyoM ke samudAya kA nirNaya karA diyA gayA hai| avagraha Adi mukhya rUpa se parokSa haiM vyavahAra se pratyakSa bhI haiN| anyathA sabhI parokSoM kA saMgraha karanA yadi iSTa nahIM hai aura avagraha Adi kI parokSa meM gaNanA nahIM cAhate hote to smaraNa Adi to parokSa haiM aura avadhi Adi pratyakSa haiM, isa prakAra pratyakSa aura parokSa do pramANa haiM-aisA yaha spaSTa kathana kiyA gayA hai ataH zabda aura artha sambandhI nyAya kA Azraya lene se koI bhI doSa yahA~ upalabdha nahIM hai| (ataH svakIya prabhedoM se yukta pratyakSa aura apane bheda-prabhedoM se yukta parokSa ye do mukhya pramANa haiN| zeSa pramANajJAna inhIM do ke parivAra haiN)| sUtrakAra svayaM ina pA~ca jJAnoM ko iSTa bhedoM meM vibhakta karane ke lie sUtra kahate haiM - Adi meM hone vAle yA sUtra meM pahale uccAraNa kiye gaye matijJAna aura zrutajJAna-ye do parokSa pramANa haiN||11||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 105 akSAdAtmanaH parAvRttaM parokSaM tataH parairiMdriyAdibhirUkSyate siMcyatebhivardhyata iti parokSaM / kiM punastat, Adye jJAne mtishrute|| kutastayorAdyatA pratyeyetyucyate,Adye parokSamityAha suutrpaatthkrmaadih| jJeyAdyatA matirmukhyA zrutasya gunnbhaavtH||1|| yasmAdAdye parokSamityAha sUtrakArastasmAnmatyAdisUtrapAThakramAdihAdyatA jnyeyaa| sA ca matermukhyA kathamapyanAdyatAyAstatrAbhAvAt zrutasyAdyatA guNAbhAvAt nirupacaritAdyasAmIpyAdAdyatvopacArAt / avadhyAdyapekSayAstu tasya mukhyAdyateti cet na, mana:paryayAdyapekSayAvadherapyAdyatvasiddharmatyavadhyorgrahaNaprasaMgAt jo jJAna akSa yAnI AtmA se parAvRtta hai, vaha parokSa hai| AtmA se bhinna indriya, mana Adi kAraNoM se UkSita hotA hai, sIMcA jAtA hai, puSTikara hotA hai, vRddhi ko prApta hotA hai, usako parokSa kahate haiN| vaha parokSa zabda kA vAcya phira kyA padArtha hai? isa prakAra jijJAsA hone para Adi ke do jJAna-mati aura zruta haiM arthAt indriyAdhIna hone se matijJAna aura zrutajJAna parokSa haiN| una mati aura zruta donoM kA Adipana kaise saMbhava hai? aisA prazna hone para kahate haiM-Aye zabda dvivacanAnta hai| matizrutAvadhimanaHparyayakevalAni jJAnam / isa sUtra ke par3he jAne ke krama meM yahA~ Adi ke do jJAna parokSa haiM, aisA granthakAra kahate haiM ata: matijJAna ko mukhya AdyapanA hai aura usake nikaTa hone ke kAraNa zrutajJAna ko gauNarUpa se AdyapanA hai, aisA samajhanA caahie||1|| - jisa kAraNa sUtrakAra zrI umAsvAmI ne Adi ke do jJAna parokSa haiM, aisA sUtra kahA hai, usa kAraNa "matizruta" Adi sUtra ke paThanakrama se yahA~ prathama do kA AdipanA jAnanA cAhie aura vaha AdipanA matijJAna ko to mukhya hai kyoMki, usa matijJAna meM to kaise bhI Adi meM nahIM honepana kA abhAva hai| mati ke nikaTa vAle zrutajJAna ko AdyapanA gauNarUpa se hai| nirupacAra se yAnI mukhyarUpa se, Adi meM par3e hue matijJAna kI samIpatA se zruta ko Adyapane kA upacAra kara liyA gayA hai| avadhi Adi kI apekSA se to usa zrutajJAna kA mukhyarUpa se AdyapanA bana jAtA hai aisA nahI kahanA cAhie, kyoMki isa prakAra to manaHparyaya Adi kI apekSA avadhi ko bhI AdyapanA siddha ho jAegA aura aisA hone para mati aura avadhi ina do ke grahaNa karane kA prasaMga hogaa| Adye zabda ko dvivacanarUpa se kathana karane kA bhI isa prakAra koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| arthAt "Adye" yaha dvivacanAnta hone se Adi mati aura zruta ina do bhAgoM ko grahaNa karanA caahie| kevalajJAna kI apekSA se to saba (cAroM mati Adi) jJAnoM ko AdyapanA hote hue bhI mati Adi meM se mati aura zruta kA hI yahA~ samIcIna jJAna hotA hai kyoMki pA~ca jJAnoM meM se mati aura zruta ye do hI jJAna sAtha rahate haiM (anya do jJAnoM ke sAhacarya kA niyama nahIM hai)-aisA nahIM kahanA ucita hai kyoMki-mati apekSA se zruta Adi ke Adya se rahitapanA bhI vidyamAna hai ataH zruta Adi ko mukhyarUpa se Adyapane kI asiddhi honA banA rahatA hai| arthAt-Adi meM honepana kA nirNaya karane ke lie sahacarapanA hetu prayojaka nahIM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 106 dvitvnirdeshsyaapyevmvirodhaat| kevalApekSayA sarveSAmAdyatvepi matyAdInAM matizrutayoriha saMpratyaya: sAhacaryAditi cenna, matyapekSayA zrutAdInAmanAdyatAyA api sdbhaavaanmukhyaadytaanuppttestdvsthtvaat| Adyazabdo hi yadAdyameva tatpravartamAno mukhyaH, yatpunarAdhamanAdyaM ca kathaMcittatra pravartamAno gauNa iti nyAyAttasya guNabhAvAdAdyatA krmaarpnnaayaam|| buddhau tiryagavasthAnAnmukhyaM vaadytvmetyoH| avadhyAditrayApekSaM kathaMcinna virudhyate // 2 // parokSa iti vaktavyamAdye ityanena sAmAnAdhikaraNyAditi cet| atrocyateparokSamiti nirdezo jJAnamityanuvartanAt / tato matizrute jJAnaM parokSamiti nirnnyH||3|| dvayorekena nAyuktA samAnAzrayatA ythaa| godau grAma iti prAyaH prayogasyopalakSaNAt // 4 // pramANe iti vA dvitve pratijJAte prmaannyoH| pramANamiti varteta parokSamiti saMgatau // 5 // jo Adi meM hai, usI meM pravartta Adya zabda mukhya hai| aura jo padArtha phira kisI apekSA se Adya aura anAdya bhI hai, usameM pravartamAna Adya zabda gauNa hai| isa nyAya se usa zrutajJAna ko gauNabhAva se AdyapanA hai, kyoMki sUtra meM par3he gaye pATha ke krama kI vivakSA hai| ata: dvivacanAnta prayoga se Aye zabda se matijJAna aura zrutajJAna kA grahaNa hotA hai| athavA buddhi meM tirachA avasthita kara dene se ina matizruta donoM ko avadhi Adi tIna kI apekSA kathaMcit mukhya AdyapanA. viruddha nahIM par3atA hai||2|| zaMkA : jaba "Adye" aisA dvivacanAnta prayoga hai, to isake sAtha samAna adhikaraNapanA hone se "parokSe" isa prakAra dvivacanAnta prayoga sUtra meM kahanA cAhie (liMga, saMkhyA aura vacana ke samAna hone para hI samAnAdhikaraNa acchA banatA hai)| samAdhAna : yahA~ mati Adi sUtra meM par3e hue 'jJAna' isa pada kI anuvRtti haiM, vaha eka vacana hai| napuMsaka liMga hai isalie jJAna ke samAna adhikaraNa hone se parokSaM-aisA eka vacana nirdeza sUtra meM kahA hai ata: mati aura zruta do jJAna parokSa haiN| isa prakAra nirNaya ho jAtA hai| do uddezyoM kA bhI eka vidheya ke sAtha samAnAdhikaraNapanA ayukta nahIM hai, jaise ki "godau grAmaH" / godau nAma ke do hrada haiM; una donoM ke nikaTa hone vAlA grAma hai vaha eka grAma godau hai (yahA~ grAma zabda jAtivAcaka hai| godau ke samAna dvivacana nahIM huaa| yadi jAtivAcaka na hotA to usake liMga aura saMkhyA avazya prApta hote jaise ki godau rmnniiyau| ata: grAma eka vacana hai) isa prakAra ke bAhulyapane se prayogoM kA upalakSaNa hotA hai yadi "pramANe" aise dvivacanAnta prayoga kI pratijJA kI jAegI to phira bhI do mati zruta pramANoM meM ekavacana pramANa kI anuvRtti karanI pdd'egii| tabhI parokSa pramANa ke sAtha mati aura zruta saMgata ho sakate haiN||3-4-5|| bhAvArtha : Adye parokSe kahanA, phira parokSe pramANaM kahanA, isakI apekSA prathama se.hI "Adye parokSam' kahanA acchA hai| isameM lAghava hai tathA sUtra meM laghupanA bahuta prazaMsanIya guNa hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 107 kiM punastadanuvartanAtsiddhamityAha;jJAnAnuvartanAttatra nAjJAnasya proksstaa| pramANasyAnuvRtterna parokSasyApramANatA // 6 // akSebhyo hi parAvRttaM parokSaM shrutmissyte| yathA tathA smRti: saMjJA ciMtA cAbhinibodhikam // 7 // avagrahAdivijJAnamakSAdAtmA vidhaantH| parAvRttatayAmnAtaM pratyakSamapi dezataH // 8 // zrutaM smRtyAdyavagrahAdi ca jJAnameva parokSaM yasmAdAmnAtaM tasmAnnAjJAnaM zabdAdiparokSamanadhigamamAtraM vA - prtiitivirodhaat|| aspaSTaM vedanaM kecidarthAnAlaMbanaM viduH| manorAjyAdi vijJAnaM yathaivetyeva durghaTam // 9 // spaSTasyApyavabodhasya niraalNbntaaptitH| yathA caMdradvayajJAnasyeti kvArthasya nisstthitH||10|| phira usa jJAna kI anuvRtti se kyA siddha karanA hai? aisI AkAMkSA hone para uttara hai-isa sUtra meM (Adi ke do jJAna parokSa haiM) jJAna kI anuvRtti karane se ajJAna, indriya, saMnikarSa Adi jar3a padArthoM ko parokSapramANapanA aura pramANa kI anuvRtti karane se parokSa ko apramANapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki indriyoM se parAvRtta zrutajJAna ko parokSa iSTa kiyA gayA hai ataH smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tarka aura anumAna bhI parokSa haiN| akSa zabda kA artha AtmA karane se AtmA se parAvRtta hone ke kAraNa avagraha Adi vijJAna yadyapi pUrvAcAryoM ke sampradAya ke anusAra parokSa kahe gaye haiM, phira bhI ekadeza vizada hone se pratyakSa bhI haiN| akSa kA artha indriya aura anindriya bhI le liyA jAtA hai, kintu vizadapanA rahanA pratyakSa ke lie Avazyaka hai||6-7 8 // jaise zrutajJAna, smRti Adi aura avagraha Adi jJAna hI parokSa haiM, aisA pUrva AmnAya se prApta hai, usI prakAra zabda, indriya, saMnikarSa Adi ajJAna padArtha parokSa nahIM haiN| athavA kisI svapara prameya kA adhigama nahIM honA bhI parokSa nahIM hai kyoMki jar3a yA jJAnazUnya tuccha ko parokSa pramANa mAnane para pratIti se virodha AtA hai| prazna : avizada parokSajJAna vAstavika artha ko viSaya karane vAlA nahIM hai-jaise apane mana ke anusAra kalpita rAjA, maMtrI Adi ke avizada jJAna una vastubhUta rAjA Adi ko viSaya nahIM karate haiM, usI 'prakAra sabhI avizadajJAna artha ko viSaya nahIM karate haiM, ata: nirAlaMba haiN| (bauddha) .... uttara : AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kahanA durghaTa hai yAnI yaha yuktiyoM se ghaTita nahIM hotA hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para vizadapratyakSajJAna ko bhI Alambanarahitapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| jaise eka candramA meM candradvaya kA jJAna Alambanarahita hai isameM artha kI pratiSThApanA kisa jJAna ke dvArA jAnI jA sakatI hai| arthAt jhUThe manorAjya ko viSaya karane vAle parokSajJAna kA dRSTAnta dekara yadi sabhI parokSajJAna ko nirAlamba kaha diyA jAegA to A~kha meM aMgulI lagAkara avidyamAna do candroM ko dekhane vAle cAkSuSa pratyakSa kA dRSTAnta dekara sampUrNa pratyakSa jJAnoM ko bhI nirviSaya kahA jA sakatA hai||9-10||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 108 parokSaM jJAnamanAlaMbanamaspaSTatvAnmanorAjyAdijJAnavat ato na pramANamityetadapi durghaTameva / pratyakSamanAlaMbanaM spaSTatvAccaMdradvayajJAnAditi tsyaapyprmaanntvprsNgaat| tathA ca kveSTasya vyavasthA upaayaasttvaat|| anAlaMbanatA vyAptirna spaSTatvasya te ythaa| aspaSTatvasya tadviddhi laiMgikasyArthavattvataH // 11 // tasyAnarthAzrayatverthe syAtpravartakatA kutH| saMbaMdhAccenna tasyApi tathAtvenupapattitaH // 12 // liMgaliMgidhiyorevaM pAraMparyeNa vstuni| pratibaMdhAttadAbhAsazUnyayorapyavaMcanam // 13 // maNiprabhAmaNijJAne prmaanntvprsNgtH| pAraMparyAnmaNau tasya prtibNdhaavishesstH||14|| sampUrNa parokSa jJAna jAnane yogya viSayoM se rahita hai kyoMki ve avizada rUpa se jAnane vAle haiN| jaise mAnasika kAlpanika rAjya ke jJAnAdi viSaya se rahita hote haiM (vaha jJAna vAstavika rAjya Adi vastuoM ko sparza karane vAlA nahIM hai) ataH koI bhI parokSa jJAna pramANa nahIM hai| yaha kahanA bhI yuktiyoM se ghaTita nahIM hotA hai kyoMki spaSTa jJAna hone se pratyakSa jJAna apane grAhya viSaya ko sparza nahIM karatA hai, jaise candradvaya kA jJAna spaSTa hotA huA bhI nirviSaya hai| isa prakAra pratyakSa ke bhI apramANapane kA prasaMga AtA hai aura isase apane abhISTa tattva kI vyavasthA kahA~ kisa pramANa se ho sakegI ? kyoMki upAya tattva (pratyakSa yA parokSa pramANa, koI bhI) vidyamAna nahIM hai ata: upAyatattva kA asattva hai| jaise spaSTatva kI nirviSayatA ke sAtha vyApti nahIM hai arthAt-pratyakSa ko nirviSaya siddha karane vAlA anumAna ThIka nahIM hai| usI ke samAna aspaSTapane kI bhI nirviSayatA ke sAtha vyApti nahIM bana pAtI hai kyoMki, isameM anumAna se vyabhicAra AtA hai| samyak anumAna aspaSTa hote hue bhI apane grAhya artha se sahita mAnA gayA hai| yadi usa anumAna ko arthavAn nahIM mAnA jAegA to artha meM usako pravartakapanA kaise ho sakegA? anumAna dvArA avastubhUta sAmAnya ko jAnakara phira sAmAnya kA vizeSa artha ke sAtha sambandha ho jAne se anumAna kI artha meM pravartakatA hotI hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki sAmAnya ke sambandhI vizeSa ko jAnane vAlA vaha jJAna bhI nirviSaya hai aisI dazA meM artha meM pravRtti nahIM bntii||11-12|| bauddha ke anusAra liMga aura liMgI ko jAnane vAle jJAnoM kA bhI paramparA se yathArtha vastu meM avinAbhAva saMbaMdha hai (samIcIna hetu kI sAdhya sAmAnya ke sAtha vyApti hai aura sAdhyasAmAnya kA svalakSaNasvarUpa yathArtha vastu vizeSa ke sAtha saMbaMdha hai)| ataH paramparA se anumAna pramANa vastubhUta artha kA sparzI hai| anumAna pramANa se jAnakara vastu kI arthakriyA meM vaMcanA nahIM hai| arthAt tadAbhAsa se zUnya pratyakSa aura anumAna se jJAna vastu meM vaMcanA nahIM hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to maNi kI prabhA meM hue maNi ke jAnane vAle jJAna ko bhI pramANapane kA prasaMga AegA, kyoMki usa maNijJAna kA paramparA se yathArtha maNi meM avinAbhAvarUpa se saMbaMdha hai| ina donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai||13-14 / arthAt kisI cheda se Ane vAlA maNi ke prakAza kA jJAna bhI samIcIna ho jAegA, kyoMki vaha maNi ke sAtha sambandha rakhatA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 109 yathaiva na spaSTatvasyAnAlaMbanatayA vyAptitve svasaMvedanena vyabhicArAttathaivAspaSTatvasyAnumAnenAnekAMtAt tasyApyanAlaMbanatve kutorthe pravartakatvaM? saMbaMdhAditi cenna, tsyaapynupptteH| yaddhi jJAnaM yamarthamAlaMbate tatra tasya kathaM saMbaMdho nAmAtiprasaMgAt / tadanena yaduktaM "liMgaliMgidhiyorevaM pAraMparyeNa vastuni / pratibaMdhAttadAbhAsazUnyayorapyavaMcana' iti tanniSiddhaM, svaviSaye paraMparayApISTasya saMbaMdhasyAnupapatteH satyapi saMbaMdhe maNiprabhAyAM maNijJAnasya pramANatvaprasaMgAcca tdvishessaat|| taccAnumAnamiSTaM cenna dRSTAMtaH prsiddhyti| pramANatvavyavasthAnenumAnasyArthalabdhitaH // 15 // na hi svayamanumAnaM maNiprabhAyAM maNijJAnamarthaprAptitonumAnasya pramANatvavyavasthitau dRSTAMto nAma saadhyvaiklyaattthaa|| __ jisa prakAra spaSTapane kI viSayarahitapane ke sAtha vyApti mAnane para svasaMvedana pratyakSa ke sAtha vyabhicAra AtA hai, usI prakAra aspaSTapane kI nirviSayapane ke sAtha vyApti honA mAnane para anumAna se vyabhicAra AtA hai| yadi vyabhicAra nivRtti ke lie usa anumAna ko bhI viSaya rahita mAnoge to usa anumAna ko artha meM pravartakapanA kaise banegA? sAmAnya aura vizeSa kA saMbaMdha ho jAne se vizeSarUpa artha meM anumAna ko pravartakapanA hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki bauddha matAnusAra usa saMbaMdha kI bhI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| kAraNa ki jo bhI koI jJAna jisa kisI artha ko viSaya karatA hai, usa jJAna meM usa artha kA saMbaMdha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? (jJAna aura artha kA kalpanA se kiyA gayA viSayaviSayibhAva saMbaMdha hai vaha vRttipane kA niyAmaka nahIM hai)| parantu cAhe jisakA saMbaMdha mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai ataH kalpita saMbaMdha se anumAna ko artha meM pravartakapanA kisI bhI prakAra se nahIM ho sakatA hai| bauddha ne jo yaha kahA thA ki liMga jJAna aura sAdhyajJAna kA isa prakAra paramparA se paramArthabhUta vastu meM saMbaMdha hone se anumAna ko artha meM pravartakapanA hai ataH hetvAbhAsa yA sAdhyAbhAsoM se zUnya hetu sAdhyoM ke jJAna dvArA koI bhI nahIM ThagAyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra kA kathana bhI isa kathana se niSedha kara diyA gayA samajha lenA cAhie, kyoMki jJAna kA apane viSaya meM paramparA se bhI iSTa kiyA gayA saMbaMdha nahIM banatA hai ataH sambandha ke hone para bhI yadi pramANatA mAna lI jAegI to maNiprabhA meM hue maNijJAna ke pramANapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| yahA~ usa paramparA se artha ke sAtha sambandha hone kA koI antara nahIM hai| vaha maNiprabhA meM huA maNijJAna yadi anumAna pramANa iSTa hai to artha kI prApti se anumAna ko pramANapana kI vyavasthA karane meM koI dRSTAnta prasiddha nahIM hai| arthAt-artha kI prApti hone se anumAna pramANa hai jaise ki maNiprabhA meM mnnijnyaan| isa anumAna kA dRSTAnta prasiddha nahIM hai||15|| artha kI prApti se anumAna ko pramANapana kI vyavasthA karane meM maNijJAna dRSTAnta nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki maNiprabhA meM huA maNijJAna svayaM anumAna pramANa mAnA gayA hai aura yaha dRSTAnta sAdhya se vikala
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 110 mnniprdiipprbhyormnnibuddhyaabhidhaavtH| mithyAjJAnavizeSepi vizeSorthakriyAM prati // 16 // yathA tathA yathArthatvepyanumAnaM tdobhyoH| nArthakriyAnurodhena pramANatvaM vyavasthitam // 17 // tato naasyaanumaantdaabhaasvyvsthaa| dRSTaM yadeva tatprAptamityekatvAvirodhataH / pratyakSaM kasyacit taccenna syAdbhrAntaM virodhtH||18|| pratyakSamabhrAMtamiti svayamupayan kathaM bhrAMtaM jJAnaM pratyakSaM sannidarzanaM brUyAt ? apramANatvapakSepi tasya dRSTAMtatA ksstiH| pramANAMtaratAyAM tu saMkhyA na vyavatiSThate // 19 // tataH sAlaMbanaM siddhamanumAnaM prmaatvtH| pratyakSavadviparyAso vAnyathA syAddurAtmanAm // 20 // kathaM sAlaMbanatvena vyAptaM pramANatvamiti cethai arthAt jhUThe maNijJAna meM pramANapanA nahIM hai| tathAhi-yahA~ maNi kI prabhA meM maNibuddhi se aura dIpaka kI prabhA meM maNi kI buddhi se arthaprApti ke lie usa ora daur3anevAle do puruSoM ko mithyAjJAna kA avizeSa hote hue bhI arthakriyA ke prati jaisI vizeSatA mAnI jAtI hai, usI prakAra yathArthapanA hote hue bhI anumAna jJAna pramANa hai| usa samaya viSaya sahita hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa aura anumAna donoM kA pramANapanA hone para bhI arthakriyA ke anusAra anurodha se pramANapanA vyavasthita nahIM hai||16-17|| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke yahA~ anumAna aura anumAnAbhAsa kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai| arthAt mithyA anumAna aura samyak anumAna donoM eka se ho jAte haiM-jo padArtha dekhA gayA vahI padArtha prApta kiyA jAe, isa prakAra yadi ekapane ke avirodha se kisI kA bhI pratyakSa honA mAnoge to vaha bhrAntajJAna na ho sakegA kyoMki isameM virodha hai| arthAt artha kI prApti karA dene se jJAna meM pramANapanA nahIM hai apitu jJAna meM heya, upAdeya artha kI pradarzakatA hI pramANapanA hai||18|| pratyakSa bhrAMtirahita hotA hai, isa bAta ko svayaM svIkAra karane vAlA (bauddha) maNiprabhA ke bhrAnta jJAna ko pratyakSa pramANa kA samIcIna dRSTAnta kaise kaha sakegA? arthAt nahIM kaha sktaa| usa maNiprabhA meM hue maNijJAna ko yadi apramANa mAnA jAyegA to usako dRSTAntapane kI kSati hogii| yadi usako pratyakSa Adi se anya nirAlA pramANa mAneM to saMkhyA vyavasthita nahIM hotii| ata: anumAna pramANa AlaMbana sahita siddha hotA hai; vaha pramANajJAna hai, jaise ki pratyakSajJAna apane grAhya viSaya se sahita hai| anyathA durAgrahI jIvoM ke yahA~ yadi parokSa anumAna jJAna ko nirviSaya mAnA jAegA to pratyakSa bhI nirviSaya ho jaaegaa| athavA pratyakSa jJAna bhI duSTa jIvoM ke viparyaya jJAna ho jaayegaa||19-20|| viSayasahitapane ke sAtha pramANapanA hetu vyAptiyukta kaise hai? isa prakAra zaMkA karane para jainAcArya samAdhAna karate haiM artha ke asambhava hone para pratyakSa meM bhI pramANapane kA abhAva hotA hai ata: arthasahitapane ke sAtha pramANapanA vyApta mAnanA caahie| yadi prApti karane yogya artha kI apekSA se anumAna meM arthasahitapanA iSTa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 111 arthasyAsaMbhave bhAvAtpratyakSepi pramANatAm / tadavyAptaM pramANatvamarthavattvena manyatAm // 21 // prApyArthApekSayeSTaM cettathAdhyakSepi testu tt| tathA vAdhyakSamapyarthAnAlaMbanamupasthitam // 22 // pratyakSaM yadyavastvAlaMbanaM syAttadA nArthaM prApayediticetanumAnamavastveva saamaanymvlNbte| prApayatyarthamityetatsacetAnApya mokSate // 23 // tasmAdvastveva saamaanyvishessaatmkmNjsaa| viSayIkurutedhyakSaM yathA tadvacca laiMgikam // 24 // sarvaM hi vastu sAmAnyavizeSAtmakaM siddhaM tadvyavasthApayatpratyakSaM yathA tadeva viSayIkurute tayAnumAnamapi vizeSAbhAvAt / tathA satismRtyAdizrutaparyaMtamaspaSTamapi tttvtH| svArthAlaMbanamityarthazUnyaM tannibhameva naH // 25 // karoge to pratyakSa meM bhI artha kI apekSA se vaha pramANapanA iSTa kiyA jaaegaa| kintu avalamba kAraNa kI apekSA arthasahitapanA pratyakSa meM nahIM mAnA jAe to pratyakSapramANa bhI artha ko Alambana nahIM karane vAlA upasthita hotA hai| arthAt jisa prakAra anumAna jJAna meM padArtha grahaNa kie jAte haiM usI prakAra pratyakSa jJAna meM bhI artha kA grahaNaM honA cAhie parantu bauddhoM ne pratyakSa meM arthagrahaNa svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| . pratyakSa pramANa yadi vastubhUta svalakSaNa kA AlaMbana nahIM karegA to vaha artha ko prApta nahIM kara sakegA (ata: pratyakSa to vastu ko AlaMbana kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hotA hai| anya jJAna nhiiN)| isa prakAra bauddha ke kahane para AcArya kahate haiM- anumAna pramANa avastubhUta sAmAnya ko hI avalamba karatA hai, kintu artha ko prApta karA detA hai| isa prakAra kahane vAlA sahRdaya (bauddha) Aja nahIM chUTa skegaa| arthAt anumAna ke samAna pratyakSa bhI avastu ko AlaMbana karatA huA artha ko prApta karA degaa| phira pratyakSa ko sAvalambana kyoM mAnA jAtA hai? ata: parizeSa meM yahI siddha hogA ki sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu ko hI nirdoSa rUpa se jaise pratyakSa viSaya karatA hai, usI ke samAna liMgajanya anumAna pramANa bhI sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu ko hI viSaya karatA hai // 2324 // ... sampUrNa vastue~ sAmAnya vizeSa ubhaya Atmaka siddha haiN| anugata AkAra aura vyAvRtta AkAra padArthoM meM pAye jAte haiM ata: una vastuoM kI vyavasthA karatA huA pratyakSa jisa prakAra usa vastu ko hI viSaya karatA hai, usI prakAra anumAna bhI sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu ko jAnatA hai| una donoM jJAnoM meM vizeSaguNa kI apekSA koI antara nahIM hai aura isa prakAra siddha ho jAne para - smRti ko Adi lekara zrutajJAnaparyaMta parokSa jJAna vastuta: aspaSTa hI hai, to bhI svayaM apane ko aura artha ko AlaMbana karane vAle siddha haiM jo jJAna apane grAhya viSaya se rahita hai, vaha hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ tadAbhAsa hI mAnA gayA hai||25||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *112 yadArthAlaMbanaM parokSaM tatpramANamitaratpramANAbhAsamiti pramANasyAnuvartanAtsiddhaM // . prtykssmnyt|| 12 // nanu ca pratyakSANyanyAnIti vaktavyamavadhyAdInAM trayANAM pratyakSavidhAnAditi na zaMkanIyaM / yasmAtpratyakSamanyadityAha prokssaaduditaatprN| avadhyAditrayaM jJAnaM pramANaM caanuvRttitH||1|| uktAtparokSAdavaziSTamanyatpratyakSamavadhijJAnaM manaHparyayajJAnaM kevalajJAnamiti saMbadhyate jnyaanmitynuvrtnaat| pramANamiti ca tsyaanuvRtteH| tato na pratyakSANyanyAnIti vaktavyaM vizeSAnAzrayAt saamaanyaashrynnaadevessttvishesssiddhegrNthgaurvprihaaraacc|| ___ jo parokSa jJAna vAstavika artha ko viSaya karatA hai, vaha pramANa hai aura jo usase bhinna jJAna ThIka artha ko AlaMbana nahI karatA hai, vaha pramANAbhAsa hai| yaha pUrvasUtra se (prakRta sUtra meM) pramANapada kI anuvRtti karane se siddha ho jAtA hai| bhAvArtha : pramANasvarUpa matijJAna aura zrutajJAna donoM parokSa pramANa haiN| jo apramANa haiM ve tadAbhAsa haiN| AcArya umA svAmI agrima sUtra dvArA pratyakSa pramANa kA kathana karate haiM mati aura zrutajJAna se bace hue avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna pratyakSa pramANa haiM // 12 // zaMkA : sUtrakAra ko bahuvacana kA prayoga karate hue tIna pramANa pratyakSa haiM' aisA 'jas' vibhaktivAle pratyakSANi, anyAni aise pada bolane cAhie the kyoMki avadhi Adi tIna pratyakSa jJAnoM kA vidhAna kiyA samAdhAna : isa prakAra zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki jJAna aura pramANaM aise eka vacanAnta do padoM kI pUrvasUtroM se anuvRtti hai| ukta parokSa se anya bacA huA avadhi Adi tIna avayavoM kA samudAya jJAna pratyakSa hai| ataH jJAna jAti kI apekSA eka vacana hai||1|| pUrvakathita parokSajJAna se jo bhinna samyagjJAna avaziSTa raha gayA hai, vaha pratyakSa hai| isa prakAra jJAna kI anuvRtti karane se avadhijJAna, mana:paryayajJAna aura kevalajJAna inakA yahA~ sambandha ho jAtA hai aura mati, zruta Adi sUtra se yA "tatpramANe" sUtra meM se tatpadavAcya jJAna se anumAna eka vacana 'pramANaM' -isa prakAra usakI anuvRtti ho rahI hai (ata: isa sUtra kA eka vacanAnta prayoga karanA yukta hai), isalie vizeSa vyaktiyoM kA (paryAyoM kA) Azraya nahIM karane se bahuvacana vAle "pratyakSANi anyAni" -isa prakAra nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki prakaraNa meM eka sAmAnya kA Azraya lene se hI hamAre abhISTa vizeSa kI siddhi ho jAtI hai tathA bahuvacana prayoga se hone vAle grantha ke gaurava kA bhI parihAra ho jAtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 113 jnyaangrhnnsNbNdhaatkevlaavdhidrshne| vyudasyate prmaannaabhisNbNdhaadprmaanntaa||2|| samyagityadhikArAcca vibhNgjnyaanvrjnN| pratyakSamiti zabdAcca parApekSAnnivartanam // 3 // ___ na hyakSamAtmAnamevAzritaM paramiMdriyamaniMdriyaM vApekSate yataH pratyakSazabdAdeva parApekSAnnivRttirna bhavet / teneMdriyAniMdriyAnapekSamatItavyabhicAraM sAkAragrahaNamityetatsUtropAttamuktaM bhavati / ttH| pratyakSalakSaNaM prAhuH spaSTaM saakaarmNjsaa| dravyaparyAyasAmAnyavizeSArthAtmavedanam // 4 // sUtrakArA iti jnyeymaaklNkaavbodhne| pradhAnaguNabhAvena lkssnnsyaabhidhaantH||5|| yadA pradhAnabhAvena dravyArthAtmavedanaM pratyakSalakSaNaM tadA spaSTamityanena matizrutamiMdriyAniMdriyApekSaM vyudasyate, tasya sAkalyenAspaSTatvAt / yadA tu guNabhAvena tadA prAdezikapratyakSavarjanaM tadapAkriyate, ____ jJAna ke grahaNa kA sambandha hone se nirAkAra kevaladarzana aura avadhidarzana kA nivAraNa ho jAtA hai kyoMki ve darzana haiM, jJAna nhiiN| tathA pramANapada kA sambandha hone se avadhi Adi kA apramANapanA khaNDita ho jAtA hai evaM samyakpada kA adhikAra hone se vibhaMgAvadhi kA nivAraNa ho jAtA hai tathA sUtra meM par3e hue pratyakSa isa zabda se dUsaroM kI apekSA rakhane vAle parokSa jJAna kI bhI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai| athavA pratyakSapada se AtmamAtrApekSa se utpanna hone se dUsare indriya Adi kI apekSA rakhane vAle pratyakSa kI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai arthAt sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kA bhI nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai||2-3|| tyakSapramANa akSa yAnI AtmA kA hI Azraya lekara utpanna hotA hai; usase bhinna indriya aura mana kI vaha apekSA nahIM karatA hai, jisase ki pratyakSa zabda se para kI apekSA rakhane vAle jJAna kI nivRtti na ho, aisA nahIM hai| arthAt pratyakSa zabda se para kI apekSA rakhane vAle jJAna kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai ata: indriya aura anindriya kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlA tathA vyabhicAra doSa se rahita-aisA savikalpaka grahaNa karanA pratyakSa hai| isa prakAra isa sUtra se hI grahaNa kiye gaye artha ko zrI akalaMkadeva ne kahA hai| . isa hetu se sUtrakAra zrI umAsvAmI AcArya ne spaSTa aura savikalpa tathA vyabhicAra Adi doSarahita sAmAnyarUpa dravya aura vizeSa rUpa paryAya arthoM ko tathA apane svarUpa ko jAnanA hI pratyakSa kA lakSaNa kahA hai| isa prakAra akalaMka deva ke jJAna ko bhI jAnanA caahie| athavA isa jJAna ko akalaMka (nirdoSa) jAnanA cAhie kyoMki pradhAna aura gauNapane se lakSaNa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai||4-5|| ___ jisa samaya pradhAna rUpa se dravyasvarUpa artha aura svayaM apanA vedana karanA pratyakSa kA lakSaNa hai, taba 'spaSTa' vizeSaNa se indriya aura anindriya kI apekSA rakhane vAle matijJAna aura zrutajJAna kA nirAkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki ve smRti Adi sabhI matijJAna aura zrutajJAna sampUrNa aMzoM se aspaSTa haiM (arthAt pratyakSa ke lakSaNa meM spaSTa pada dene se hI unakA nirAkaraNa hotA hai)| kintu jaba gauNarUpa se dravya artha aura AtmA kA vedana karanA pratyakSa kA lakSaNa kahA jAtA hai, taba ekadeza se vizada (arthAvagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNArUpa indriya anindriya) pratyakSa chUTa jAte haiN| usakA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai kyoMki isameM vyavahAra naya kA Azraya liyA gayA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 114 vyvhaaraashrynnaat| sAkAramiti vcnaanniraakaardrshnvyudaasH| aMjase ti vizeSaNAdvibhaMgajJAnamiMdriyAniMdriyapratyakSAbhAsamutsAritaM / taccaivaMvidhaM dravyAdigocarameva nAnyaditi viSayavizeSavacanAddarzita / tata: sUtravArtikAvirodha: siddho bhavati / na caivaM yoginAM pratyakSamasaMgRhItaM yathA pareSAM tduktN|| lakSaNaM samametAvAn vishesso'shessgocrN| akramaM karaNAtItamakalaMkaM mahIyasAm // 6 // bhAvArtha : yadyapi vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi sa indriya aura mana se utpanna ekadeza vizada matijJAna ko bhI vyavahAra meM pratyakSa mAnA hai, parantu yahA~ para mukhya pratyakSa kA kathana hai, isalie inakA niSedha kiyA hai| ___ pratyakSa ke lakSaNa ko kahane vAle vArtika meM sAkAra isa vacana se vikalparahita darzana kI vyAvRtti kI gaI hai tathA aMjasA isa vizeSaNa se vibhaMgajJAna aura indriya pratyakSAbhAsa, mAnasapratyakSAbhAsa kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai arthAt ve jJAna spaSTa to haiM, kintu nirdoSa nahIM haiM, mithyAjJAnapane se dUSita haiN| viSaya vizeSa ke kathana se isa bAta ko prakaTa kiyA hai ki ___pratyakSapramANa dravya, paryAya, sAmAnya aura vizeSa svarUpa artha ko aura sva ko hI viSaya karane vAlA hai, isase bhinna kevala vizeSa athavA akele sAmAnya ko jAnane vAlA nahIM hai, viSayavizeSa ke kathana karane se isa bAta ko prakaTa kiyA hai ataH sUtra aura vArtika kA avirodha honA siddha ho jAtA hai tathA, isa prakAra pratyakSa kA lakSaNa karane se yogI pratyakSa asaMgrahIta nahIM hai apitu atIndriyajJAna kA bhI saMgraha ho jAtA hai| jaisA dUsaroM ne kahA hai ki indriya aura artha ke saMnikarSa se utpanna huA vyabhicAra doSa se rahita nirvikalpaka aura savikalpakasvarUpa jJAna pratyakSa pramiti hai| cakSu zrotra Adi indriyoM kI vRtti karanA pratyakSa hai yaha sAMkhyoM kA mata hai| AtmA aura indriyoM kA sat padArtha ke sAtha samprayoga hone para jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha pratyakSa hai ,aisA mImAMsaka kA kathana hai| ina saba pratyakSa ke lakSaNoM se atIndriya pratyakSoM kA saMgraha nahIM hotA hai kintu ArhatoM ke lakSaNa se sampUrNa pratyakSoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| Upara kahA gayA pratyakSa kA lakSaNa samAna rUpa se vyavahAra pratyakSa aura mukhya pratyakSa ina donoM meM ghaTita ho jAtA hai| parantu yaha vizeSa hai ki adhika pUjya puruSoM kA kevalajJAna rUpa pratyakSa azeSagocara hai (sampUrNa arthoM ko viSaya karatA hai)| krama se arthoM ko nahIM jAnatA hai| indriya, mana Adi karaNoM se atikrAnta hai tathA jJAnAvaraNa karma kalaMka rahita hone se akalaMka hai| (kintu indriyajanya pratyakSa alpa padArthoM ko viSaya karatA hai, krama-krama se arthoM ko jAnatA hai, karaNoM ke AdhIna hai aura karmapaTala se ghirA huA hone se sakalaMka hai arthAt pUrNa nirdoSa nahIM ha ) // 6 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 115 tadastIti kuto'vagamyata iti cet;etaccAsti sunirNItAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvataH / svasaMvittivadityukta vyAsatonyatra gamyatAm // 7 // dharmyatrAsiddha iti cennobhayasiddhasya pratyakSasya dhrmitvaat| taddhi keSAMcidazeSagocaraM kramaM karaNAtItamiti saadhyte'klNktvaanythaanupptteH| na cAkalaMkatvamasiddhaM tasya pUrvaM saadhnaat| pratiniyatagocaratvaM vijJAnasya pratiniyatAvaraNavigamanibaMdhanaM bhAnuprakAzavat ni:zeSAvaraNaparikSayAt ni:zeSagocaraM siddhyatyeva / tata: evAkrama tatkramasya klNkvigmkrmkRttvaat| yugapattadvigame kuto jJAnasya kramaH syaat| karaNakramAditi cena, tasya kevalajJAna kI siddhi hai yogiyoM kA pratyakSa kevalajJAna jagat meM hai, yaha kaise jAnA jAtA hai? isa prakAra pUchane para uttara diyA gayA hai ki yaha mukhya pratyakSajJAna svasaMvitti ke samAna asaMbhava bAdhaka hone se nirNIta hai| arthAt-isakI siddhi meM kisI prakAra kA bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai| isa prakAra saMkSepa meM pratyakSa pramANa kA kathana kahA hai| isakA vizeSa vistAra anya granthoM se jAnanA cAhie // 7 // . isa ukta anumAna meM dharmI (pakSa) asiddha hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki vAdI prativAdI donoM dvArA siddha, pratyakSa pramANa yahA~ dharmI (pkss)hai| ____ vaha kinhIM yogiyoM kA pratyakSa sampUrNa padArthoM ko yugapat viSaya karane vAlA hai, kramarahita hai aura indriyoM kI adhInatA se atikrAnta hai| isa prakAra dharmoM se yukta siddha kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki usa jJAna kA nirdoSapanA anya prakAroM se nahIM bana sakatA hai| yahA~ hetu kI akalaMkatA (nirdoSatva) asiddha nahIM hai, kyoMki pUrva prakaraNoM meM usako sAdha cuke haiN| pratyeka niyata padArtha ke gocaratva jJAna ko rokane vAle jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna huA vijJAna dIpaka ke samAna pratyeka niyata padArtha ko viSaya karatA hai kintu sampUrNa jJAnAvaraNa ke kSaya ho jAne se utpanna huA kevalajJAna sUrya prakAza ke samAna sampUrNa padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA siddha ho hI jAtA hai ataH sampUrNa jJAnAvaraNa ke kSaya ho jAne se hI vaha jJAna krama se padArthoM ko jAnane vAlA nahIM hai kintu yugapat sampUrNa padArthoM ko jAna letA hai| alpajJoM ke AvaraNarUpa kalaMkoM kA dUra honA krama se hai| ata: chadyasthoM kA jJAna niyata arthoM ko jAnane vAlA krama se hotA hai kintu pUjya puruSoM ke jaba yugapat usa AvaraNa kA vidhvaMsa ho jAtA hai to phira jJAna kA krama kisase hogA? kAraNa ke na hone para kArya nahIM hotA hai ataH sarvajJa kA pratyakSa kramarahita hai| . indriyoM kI pravRtti krama se hotI hai ataH sarvajJa kA jJAna bhI krama se padArthoM ko jAnatA hai-aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki vaha kevalajJAna indriyoM se atikrAnta hai| jo jJAna ekadeza se vizada hai yA sarvathA avizada hai, vahI indriya aura mana kI apekSA rakhane vAlA siddha hai| . . kintu jo jJAna phira sampUrNa viSayoM ko eka hI samaya meM adhika spaSTarUpa se viSaya karane vAlA hai, vaha bahiraMga antaraMga indriyoM kI apekSA nahIM karatA hai, tathA isa prakAra kA pratyakSajJAna bAdhakoM kI saMbhAvamA se yukta nahIM hai kyoMki usa sarvajJapane ko viSaya nahIM karanevAle pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANoM ke dvArA pratyakSajJAna meM bAdhA utpatti kA virodha hai (arthAt jo jJAna jisa viSaya meM pravRtti nahIM karatA hai, vaha
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 116 krnnaatiittvaat| dezato hi jJAnamavizadaM cAkSamanopekSaM siddhaM na punaH sakalaviSayaM parisphuTaM skRdupjaaymaanmiti| na caivaMvidhaM jJAnaM pratyakSaM saMbhavabAdhakaM , pratyakSAderatadviSayasya tadbAdhakatvavirodhAt / tata eva na saMdigdhAsaMbhavadvAdhakaM, nishcitaasNbhvdbaadhktvaat| na hi tAdRzaM pratyakSaM kiMcitsaMbhavadbAdhakamaparamasaMbhavadbAdhakaM siddhaM yenedaM saMprati saMdehaviSayatAmanubhavet / kathaM vAtyaMtamasaMdigdhAsaMbhavadbAdhakaM nAma? niyatadezakAlapuruSApekSayA nizcitAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvepi dezAMtarAdyapekSayA saMdigdhAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvamiti cenna, suSTha tathAbhAvasya siddheH / yathAbhUtaM hi pratyakSAdi pramANatratyedAnIMtanapuruSANAmutpadyamAnabAdhakaM kevalasya tathAbhUtamevAnyadezakAlapuruSANAmapIti kutastadbAdhanaM saMdehaH / yadi punaranyAdRzaM pratyakSamanyadvA tadbAdhakamabhyupagamyate tadA kevale ko matsaraH, kevalenaiva usakA bAdhaka yA sAdhaka nahIM hotA hai, jaise rUpa ko jAnane meM rasanA indriyajanya pratyakSa sAdhaka yA bAdhaka nahIM hai) ata: bAdhakoM kI asambhavatA se hI vaha sarvajJa bAdhakoM ke saMbhava nahIM hone ke saMdeha ko prApta bhI nahIM hai kyoMki bAdhakoM kI asambhavatA kA pakkA nizcaya ho gayA hai| ___ isa prakAra anumAna se nirNIta koI sakala pratyakSa bAdhaka kAraNoM se yukta ho aura dUsarA koI pratyakSa pramANa bAdhakoM kI sambhAvanA se rahita ho, aisA siddha nahIM hai, jisase ki yaha pratyakSa isa samaya saMdeha ke viSayapana kA anubhava kre| zaMkA : sarvajJa ke pratyakSa meM bAdhakoM kA atyanta rUpa se asambhava honA aura niHsandehatA kaise jAnI jAtI hai? niyata deza aura vartamAna kAla tathA sthUla buddhi sAdhAraNa puruSoM kI apekSA se bAdhakoM kI asambhavatA kA nizcaya hone para bhI anya deza, anya kAla aura asAdhAraNa buddhi vAle puruSoM kI apekSA se bAdhakoM kI asambhavatA saMdeha prApta hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki kevalajJAna meM acchI taraha se bAdhakoM kI asaMbhavatA kI siddhi kara dI gaI hai| isa deza meM rahane vAle aura Ajakala ke puruSoM ke jisa prakAra pratyakSa Adi pramANa kevalajJAna ke bAdhaka ho sakate haiM, vaise hI ve anya deza, anya kAla aura viziSTa puruSoM ke bhI pratyakSa Adi pramANa kevalajJAna ke bAdhaka ho sakate haiM kintu ye pratyakSa to bAdhaka nahIM haiM to ve pratyakSa bAdhaka kaise hoMge? aisI dazA meM unase bAdhA honA kaise saMbhava hai? aura saMdeha bhI kaise ho sakatA hai? yadi phira dezAntara yA kAlAntara meM hone vAle vijAtIya puruSoM ke pratyakSa athavA anumAna Adi pramANa anya prakAra ke haiM- ve isa deza aura isa kAla ke puruSoM ke jaise nahIM haiM to ve usa sarvajJa pratyakSa ke bAdhaka svIkAra kara liye jAte haiN| isa prakAra aprasiddha padArthoM kI kalpanA kara kahane se hama jaina kahate haiM ki ApakI kevalajJAna meM IrSyA kyoM hai? kevalajJAna se hI kevalajJAna kI bAdhA honA saMbhava hai| arthAt yadi dezAntara kAlAntara ke manuSyoM meM vilakSaNa prakAra ke pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANa mAnate haiM, to eka sAtha sabako jAnane vAlA kevalajJAna kyoM nahIM mAna liyA jAtA hai? ataH bAdhakoM ke asambhava kA nirNaya hone se atizaya pUjya puruSoM kA pratyakSa apane-apane svasaMvedana ke samAna siddha hai aura vaha jJAnAvaraNa kalaMka se rahita hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai| vistAra se usa sarvajJa pratyakSa kA anya granthoM meM samarthana kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 117 kevlbaadhnsNbhvaat| tataH prasiddhAtsunirNItAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvAtsvasaMvedanavanmahIyasAM pratyakSamakalaMkamastIti pratIyate prapaMcato'nyatra ttsmrthnaat|| pratyakSaM kalpanApoDhamabhrAMtamiti kecn| teSAmaspaSTarUpA syAt pratIti: kalpanAthavA // 8 // svArthavyavasitirnAnyA gatirasti vicaartH| abhilApavatI vittistadyogyA vApi sA ytH||9|| ____ aspaSTA pratIti: kalpanA, nizcitirvA kalpanA iti parisphuTaM kalpanA lakSaNamanuktvA abhilApavatI pratItiH kalpanetyAdi tallakSaNamAcakSANo na prekSAvAn grNthgaurvaaprihaaraat| na hi kAcitkalpanA spaSTAsti vikalpAnuviddhasya spaSTArthapratibhAsatA iti vacanAt / svapnavatI pratItirastIticenna, tasyAH saugatairiMdriyajatvenAbhyupagamAt svapnAtikeMdriyavyApArAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAt mAnasatve tasyA tdnupptteH| marIcikAsu toyapratItiH spaSTeti cenna, tasyAH svayamaspaSTatvepi marIcikAdarzanaspaSTatvAdhyAropAttathAvabhAsanAt / bauddha ke dvArA svIkRta pratyakSa jJAna ke lakSaNa kA khaNDana : koI (bauddha) pratyakSa kA lakSaNa kalpanAoM se rahita aura abhrAnta mAnate haiN| unase jaina AcArya pUchate haiM ki kalpanA kA svarUpa kyA hai? kyA aspaSTasvarUpa pratIti karanA kalpanA hai? athavA jJAna dvArA apanA aura artha kA nizcaya karanA kalpanA hai? yA zabdayojanA sahita hokara jJapti honA kalpanA hai? yA zabdasaMsargayogya pratibhAsa honA kalpanA mAnI gaI hai? vicAra karane se anya koI gati nahIM hai jisase ki vaha kalpanA siddha ho sakatI ho||8-9|| - avizada pratIti honA kalpanA hai athavA nizcayasvarUpa vikalpa honA kalpanA hai| isa prakAra adhika sphuTarUpa se kalpanA ke lakSaNa ko nahIM kahakara zabdayojanA vAlI pratIti kalpanA hai (vastu ko nahIM chUne vAlI paricchitti kalpanA hai) ityAdi rUpa se kalpanA ke lakSaNoM ko kahane vAle vicArazAlinI buddhi ke dhAraka nahIM haiM, kyoMki isa prakAra se grantha ke gaurava kA parihAra nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki koI bhI kalpanA spaSTa nahIM hai| bauddhoM ne svayaM apane grantha meM kahA hai ki kalpanA se otaprota artha kA spaSTa pratibhAsa nahIM ho pAtA hai| "svapna meM pratIti spaSTa hotI huI bhI kalpanA hai|" aisA bhI na khnaa| kyoMki svapna vAlI jJapti ko bauddhoM ne indriyajanya jJAna svIkAra kiyA hai| svapna ke nikaTa indriyoM ke vyApAra kA anvayavyatireka rUpa se anukaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| yadi usa svapna kI jJapti ko mana indriyajanya mAnegA to bahiraGga indriyoM ke sAtha anvayavyatireka nahIM hogaa| kalpanAsvarUpa marIcikA (bAlU, reta) se jala kI pratIti spaSTa hotI hai, aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha jalajJAna, yadyapi svayaM aspaSTa hai, phira bhI marIcikA ke cAkSuSa pratyakSa meM vidyamAna spaSTatA ko jalajJAna meM pUrI Aropita kara dene se spaSTa pratibhAsa ho jAtA hai ata: kalpanA kA aspaSTa lakSaNa avyApti doSayukta nahIM hai aura isa lakSaNa kI kahIM ativyApti bhI nahIM hai kyoMki kalpanArahita jJAna meM aspaSTatA kA abhAva hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 118 tato nAvyApIdaM lakSaNaM / nApyativyApi kvacidakalpanAyAH spaSTatvAbhAvAt / dUrAtpAdapAdidarzane kalpanArahitepyaspaSTatvapratIterativyApIdaM lakSaNamiti cenna, tasya viklpaaspsstttvenaiktvaaropaadspsstttoplbdhH| svayamaspaSTatve nirviklpktvvirodhaat| tato niravadyamidaM kalpanAlakSaNaM / etena nizcayaH kalpanetyapi niravA vicArita, lakSaNAMtareNApyevaMvidhAyAH pratIteH klpnaatvvidhaanaadgtyNtraabhaavaat|| tatrAdyakalpanApoDhe pratyakSe siddhasAdhanam / spaSTe tasminnavaizadyavyavacchedasya sAdhanAt // 10 // aspaSTapratibhAsAyAH prtiiternpohne| pratyakSasyAnumAnAderbhedaH kenAvabudhyate // 11 // svArthavyavasitistu syAtkalpanA yadi sNmtaa| tadA lakSaNametatsyAdasaMbhAvyeva sarvathA // 12 // . daviSTapAdapAdidarzanasyAspaSTasyApi pratyakSatopagamAtkathaM aspaSTapratIti lakSaNayA kalpanayApoLa pratyakSamiti vacane siddhasAdhanamiti kshcit| zrutametanna pratyakSaM zrutamaspaSTatarkaNaM iti vacanAt tato na doSa dUra deza se vRkSa Adi ke dRSTigocara hone para kalpanArahita samIcIna jJAna meM bhI aspaSTapanA pratIta hotA hai ata: kalpanA kA yaha lakSaNa ativyApta hai, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki usa dUra se dikhane vAle pratyakSa ko vikalpajJAna kI aspaSTatA ke sAtha ekapane kA Aropa ho jAne se avizadapanA pratIta he yadi vaha dUra se dekhe hue vRkSa kA jJAna svayaM aspaSTa hotA to nirvikalpakapane kA virodha AtA hai ataH aspaSTapanA kalpanA kA lakSaNa avyApti, ativyApti aura asambhava doSoM se rahita hone se nirdoSa hai| isa ukta kathana ke dvArA kalpanA kA sva aura artha nizcaya karanA-yaha lakSaNa bhI nirdoSa hai, yaha vicAra kara diyA gayA hai| anya lakSaNoM ke kahane se bhI isa prakAra kI pratIti se kalpanApane kA vidhAna ho jAtA hai| isake atirikta kalpanA ke lakSaNa karane meM anya koI upAya nahIM hai| (anya koI upAya zeSa nahIM hai) kalpanA ke una lakSaNoM meM se Adi meM kahI gaI kalpanA se aspaSTa pratibhAsa rahita yadi pratyakSa pramANa mAnA jAegA taba to siddhasAdhana doSa AtA hai kyoMki usa pratyakSa pramANa ke spaSTa hone para hI avaizadya ke vyavaccheda kI siddhi hotI hai| arthAt spaSTapane se avaizadya kI vyAvRtti karane para parokSa meM ativyApti nahIM hai| avizada pratibhAsa vAlI parokSa pratIti kI yadi vyAvRtti nahIM kI jAegI to pratyakSa pramANa kA bheda anumAna, Agama Adi se kisa pramANa ke dvArA jAna sakeMge (ata: avizada pratIti svarUpa kalpanA se rahita pratyakSa nirvikalpaka siddha hai| usa siddhi ko siddha karane se kyA lAbha hai?)||10-11|| sva aura artha ke nirNaya ko yadi kalpanA mAneMge to yaha kalpanA kA lakSaNa sarvathA sammata hI hai, kyoMki kisI bhI asatya kalpanA meM yaha lakSaNa nahIM jA sakatA hai| arthAt pramANajJAna hI sva aura artha kA nirNaya karatA hai ataH pratyakSa kA lakSaNa nirvikalpa karanA asambhava va doSayukta hI hai||12|| atidUravartI vRkSa Adi ke aspaSTa darzana ko bhI pratyakSapanA svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, to aspaSTa pratIti svarUpa kalpanA se rahita pratyakSa hai, aise kathana meM siddha-sAdhana doSa kaise huA?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*119 ityprH| pAdapAdisaMsthAnamAtre davIyasyApi spsstttvaavsthiteH| zrutatvAbhAvAdakSavyApArAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAcca pratyakSameva tat tathAvidhakalpanApoDaM ceti siddhsaadhnmev| na hi sarvamaspaSTatarkaNaM zrutamiti yuktaM smRtyAdeH zrutatvaprasaMgAt vyaMjanAvagrahasya vaa| na hi tasya spaSTatvamasti parokSatvavacanavirodhAt avyaktazabdAdijAtagrahaNaM vyaMjanAvagraha iti vacanAcca matipUrvamaspaSTatarkaNaM zrutamityupagame tu siddhaM smRtyAdimatijJAnaM vyaMjanAvagrahAdi vA zrutaM daviSTapAdapAdidarzanaM ca prAdezikaM pratyakSamiti na kiNcidvirudhyte| yadi punarnAspaSTA pratIti: kalpanA yatastadapohane pratyakSasya siddhsaadhnN| kiM tarhi? svArthavyavasitiH sarvakalpaneti pratyut jainoM ke yahA~ hI dUravartI padArtha ke pratyakSa meM vaizadya na hone se avyApti doSa AtA hai| isa prakAra kisI dUsare vAdI (bauddha) ke kahane para koI dUsarA kahatA hai ki yaha dUravartI vRkSa Adi kA jJAna zrutajJAna hai, pratyakSa nahIM hai, kyoMki matijJAna se jAne gaye artha ke sAtha saMsarga rakhane vAle anya padArthoM kI avizada tarkaNA karane ko zrutajJAna kahA hai. ataH koI doSa nahIM hai (yAnI zrutajJAna cAhe aspaSTa savikalpaka ho parantu sabhI pratyakSajJAna to aspaSTa kalpanA se rahita hone ke kAraNa nirvikalpaka haiM), kyoMki dUravartI vRkSa ke jJAna ko pratyakSa mAnA gayA hai| dUravartI vRkSa ke bhI sAmAnya vRkSa saMsthAna mAtra meM spaSTapanA avasthita hai ataH usameM zrutajJAna kA abhAva hai tathA indriyoM ke hone para dUravartI vRkSa kA jJAna hone rUpa anvaya aura indriyoM ke na hone para vRkSa kA darzana nahIM hone rUpa vyatireka kA anuvidhAna karane se vaha jJAna pratyakSa hI hai, aura sAmAnya vRkSa kI racanA ko spaSTa jAnane meM isa prakAra aspaSTa kalpanA se rahita bhI hai| ata: bauddhoM ke Upara siddhasAdhana doSa tadavastha hI hai| ... aspaSTa rUpa se vicArane vAle sabhI jJAnoM ko zrutajJAna kahanA yukta nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA kahane para smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, vyAptijJAna Adi ke zrutajJAnapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| tathA zabda Adi ko avyakta jAnane vAlA vyaMjanAvagraha bhI zrutajJAna ho jaaegaa| parantu vaha vyaMjanAvagraha spaSTa nahIM hai kyoMki vyaMjanAvagraha ko spaSTa mAnane para jaina siddhAntAnusAra vyaMjanAvagraha ko parokSa kahane kA virodha aayegaa| arthAt spaSTa jJAna parokSa nahIM hotA tathA avyakta zabda, rasa, gaMdha athavA sparza ko yA unake samudAyasvarUpa artha ko grahaNa karanA vyaMjanAvagraha hai, aisA rAjavArttika meM kahA gayA hai| matipUrvaka utpanna aspaSTa vicArane vAle jJAna ko zrutajJAna svIkAra kiyA hai ataH smRti Adi matijJAna siddha ho jAte haiN| vyaMjanAvagraha Adi bhI matijJAna haiM, zrutajJAna nahIM haiM tathA adhika dUravartI vRkSa Adi kA dekhanA ekadeza se vizada sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa hai| vyaMjanAvagraha sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa nahIM hai| aisA mAnane meM hama jainoM kA koI virodha nahIM hai| ___ yadi phira kaho ki aspaSTa pratIti kalpanA nahIM hai, jisase ki pratyakSa kI usa kalpanA se vyAvRtti karane para siddha sAdhana doSa ho ske| prazna : kalpanA kise kahate haiM? - uttara : sva aura artha kA nirNaya karanA kalpanA hai| granthakAra kahate haiM ki aisA kahane para to pratyakSa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 120 mataM tadA pratyakSalakSaNamasaMbhAvyaM ca tAdRzakalpanApoDhasya kadAcidasaMbhavAt vyvsaayaatmkmaansprtykssopgmvirodhshc| keSAMcitsaMhatasakalavikalpAvasthAyAM sarvathA vyavasAyazanyaM pratyakSaM pratyAtmavedyaM saMbhavatIti nAsaMbhavi lakSaNamiticet na, asiddhtvaat| yasmAtsaMhRtya sarvatazcittaM stimitenaaNtraatmnaa| sthitopi cakSuSA rUpaM svaM ca spaSTaM vyavasyati // 13 // tato na pratyakSaM kalpanApoDhaM pratyakSata eva siddhyati, naapynumaanaat| tathAhipunarvikalpayan kiMcidAsInme svaarthnishcyH| IdRgityeva budhyeta prAgiMdriyagatAvapi // 14 // tatonyathA smRtirna syAtkSaNikatvAdivat punaH / abhyAsAdivizeSastu nAnyaH svArthavinizcayAt // 15 // azvaM vikalpayataH prAgna ceMdriyagatAvapIdRzaH svArthanizcayo mamAsIditi pazcAt smaraNAttasyAH kA lakSaNa aMsabhava ho jAegA kyoMki vaisI svArtha nizcayarUpa kalpanA se rahita pratyakSa pramANa kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai| arthAt sarva hI pratyakSa svArtha vyavasAya rUpa hI hai, tathA bauddhoM ne bhI mAnasa pratyakSa ko nizcayasvarUpa svIkAra kiyA hai usakA virodha ho jAtA hai| / kinhIM jIvoM ke sampUrNa vikalpoM ke naSTa ho jAne kI avasthA meM sabhI prakAra vyavasAyoM (vikalpoM) se rahita pratyakSa jJAna pratyeka AtmA ko svasaMvedya hokara saMbhava ho rahA hai ata: bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta pratyakSa kA lakSaNa asaMbhava doSa se yukta nahIM hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki bauddhoM kA ukta kathana siddha nahIM hai, kAraNa ki saba ora se citta kA saMkoca karake stambhita yA prazAnta ho rahI aMtaraMga AtmA meM sthita puruSa cakSu dvArA apane jJAna ko bhItara aura rUpa ko bAhara spaSTa nirNIta kara rahA hai| arthAt saMkalpavikalpoM se rahita avasthA meM to aura bhI adhika spaSTa nirNaya hotA hai, svAtmA kA spaSTa anubhava hotA hai||13|| ___ ata: pratyakSa pramANa kalpanAoM se rahita hai yaha pratyakSa jJAna se siddha nahIM ho sktaa| tathA anumAna se bhI pratyakSa kA abhISTa vikalpoM se rahitapanA siddha nahIM hotaa| tathAhi-pUrva kAlIna vicAroM kA bAra-bAra vikalpa karatA huA jIva isa prakAra kA anumAna kara letA hai ki pUrva meM indriyajanya pratyakSa ke hone para use aisA kucha svArtha nirNaya ho cukA hai, usa nizcaya se hI smaraNa honA bana sakatA hai| anyathA (indriyajanya jJAna dvArA svArtha kA nizcaya na hone para) smRti nahIM ho sakatI jaise bauddhoM ke svalakSaNa kA nirvikalpaka pratyakSa hone para usase abhinna kSaNikapana kA bhI anizcaya Atmaka jJAna hI rahatA hai| unakA smaraNa vahIM hotA hai kyoMki anizcaya jJAna kA smaraNa nahIM hotA hai| yadi abhyAsa, buddhi, cAturya Adi vizeSoM se smaraNa honA mAnoge to ve abhyAsa Adi vizeSatAe~ to svArtha kA vizeSa nizcaya ho jAne ke atirikta aura koI bhinna padArtha nahIM haiN| arthAt-anirNayAtmaka jJAna meM abhyAsa Adi nahIM ho sakate kyoMki smaraNAdi nizcayAtmaka padArtha ke hI hote haiN||14-15|| indriyagatajJAna meM ghor3e kA vikalpa karane ke pUrva mere (jIva ko) aisA svArtha kA nirNaya nahIM thA parantu indriyajanya jJAna ke pazcAt mujhako isa prakAra kA svArtha nirNaya ho gayA hai jisa kAraNa ki pIche bhI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *121 svArthavyavasAyAtmakatvasya mAnAnna nirvikalpakatvAnumAnaM naam| na hIMdriyagataradhyavasAyAtmakatve smaraNaM yuktaM kSaNikatvAdidarzanavat abhyAsAdergodarzanasmRtiriticena, tasya vyavasAyAdanyasya vicaaraashtvaat|| tadakalpakamarthasya sAmarthyena samudbhavAt / arthakSaNavadityeke na viruddhasyaiva sAdhanam // 16 // jAtyAdyAtmakabhAvasya sAmarthyena smudbhvaat| savikalpakameva syAt pratyakSaM sphuTamaMjasA // 17 // paramArthe vizadaM savikalpakaM pratyakSaM na punaravikalpakaM vaishdyaaropaat| nanu kathaM tajjAtyAdyAtmakAdarthAdupajAyetAvikalpAnna hi vastu satsu jAtidravyaguNakarmasu zabdA: saMti tadAtmAno vA yena teSu pratibhAsamAneSu pratibhAseran / na ca tatra zabdAtpratItau kalpanA yuktA tasyAH zabdApratItilakSaNatvAdazabdakalpanAnAmasaMbhavAt / tato na viruddho heturiti cet| atrocyateusa indriya jJAna kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra usa indriyajJapti (yAnI pratyakSa ke svArtha kA nizcaya karA dene rUpa) dharma kA anumAna ho jAtA hai| kintu pratyakSa ke nirvikalpakatva kA kabhI bhI anumAna nahIM hotA hai| indriyajanyajJAna ko nirNayasvarUpa na mAnane para smaraNa honA yukta nahIM hai| jaise ki kSaNikapana Adi kA anadhyavasAyarUpa darzana ho jAne para smaraNa nahIM hotA hai| tathA gau kA nirvikalpaka darzana ho jAne para bhI abhyAsa Adi dvArA nirvikalpakajJAna kI smRti ho sakatI hai-aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki ve abhyAsa Adi nizcaya se bhinna koI pRthak padArtha nahIM haiN| bhAvArtha : vilakSaNa prakAra se dhArita jJAna hI saMskAra, abhyAsa, buddhicAturya, nizcaya, smRtihetu ' Adi nAmoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai anya koI jJAna nhiiN| . - artha ke sAmarthya se utpanna hone se pratyakSa jJAna kalpanA se rahita nirvikalpaka hai, jaise arthajanya huI usI artha kI uttara kSaNa kI paryAya nirvikalpaka hai| isa prakAra koI kahatA hai parantu usakA yaha kathana viruddha kA hI sAdhana hone se ThIka nahIM hai| arthAt nirvikalpaka artha ke nimitta se utpanna honA hetuviruddha hai tathA jAti Adi vAstavika padArthoM ke sAmarthya se samutpanna hone ke kAraNa pratyakSajJAna savikalpaka hai vaha nirdoSa aura spaSTa hai| (ataH pratyakSa meM nirvikalpa ko siddha karane ke lie diyA gayA bauddhoM kA nirvikalpaka artha kI sAmarthya se utpanna honA yaha hetu viruddha hai)||16-17|| paramArtha rUpa se pratyakSajJAna vizada aura savikalpaka hai, nirvikalpaka nahI, kyoMki usameM vaizadya kA vastubhUta Aropa ho rahA hai| arthAt jo vizada hotA hai, vaha jJAna savikalpaka hotA hai| - zaMkA : vaha pratyakSa jJAna jAti Adi svarUpa avikalpa artha se kaise utpanna hotA hai? samAdhAna : kyoMki vastubhUta jAti, dravya, guNa aura karma ina arthoM meM zabda kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| tathA ve zabda una jAti Adi Atmaka nahIM haiM jisase ki una jAti AdikoM ke pratibhAsita unake vAcaka zabda bhI pratibhAsita hote tathA jaba taka una arthoM meM zabda kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai, taba taka arthoM meM jAti Adi kI kalpanA karanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki, usa kalpanA kA lakSaNa zabda se pratIti honA mAnA gayA hai| zabdoM kI yojanA se rahita kalpanA asambhava hai ata: hamArA hetu viruddha nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 122 yathAvabhAsato kalpAt pratyakSAtprabhavannapi / tatpRSThato vikalpa: syAt tathAAkSAcca sa sphuttH||18|| darzanAdavikalpAdvikalpaH prajAyate na punararthAditi kuto vizeSaH / na cAbhilApavatyeva pratIti: kalpanA jAtyAdimatpratIterapi tthaatvaavirodhaat| saMti cArtheSu jAtyAdayopi teSu pratibhAsamAneSu prtibhaasern| tato jAtyAdyAtmakArthadarzanaM savikalpaM pratyakSasiddhamiti viruddhameva saadhnm|| na ca jaatyaadiruuptvmrthsyaasiddhmNjsaa| nirbAdhabodhavidhvastasamastAreki tttvtH||19|| jAtyAdirUpatve hi bhAvAnAM nirbAdho bodhaH samastamArekitaM haMtIti kiM nshciNtyaa| nirbAdhatvaM punarjAtyAdibodhasyAnyatra samarthita pratipattavyaM tato jAtyAdyAtmakasvArthavyavasitiH kalpanA spaSTA pratyakSe vyvtisstthte|| ___ bhAvArtha : kalpanAoM sa rahita artha hai, usase utpanna huA pratyakSajJAna bhI nirvikalpaka hai| kAraNa ke anurUpa kArya hotA hai| isa prakAra (bauddhoM ke) kahane para AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM ki - ___ jisa prakAra nirvikalpaka pratyakSa se utpanna jJAna bhI pIche savikalpaka ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra nirvikalpaka artha bhI indriyoM se spaSTa savikalpaka pratyakSa ho sakatA hai||18|| nirvikalpaka darzana se vikalpa jJAna utpanna hotA hai kintu phira nirvikalpaka artha se savikalpakajJAna utpanna nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra ke niyama meM kisa hetu se vizeSatA AtI hai? tathA, zabda yojanA vAlI pratIti hI kalpanA nahIM hai kintu, jAti, guNa Adi se yukta pratIti meM isa prakAra sadbhUta kalpanA kA koI virodha nahIM hai| vastubhUta arthoM meM jAti, guNa Adi kalpanAe~ bhI vidyamAna haiN| una arthoM ke prakAzamAna hone para ve sAmAnya vizeSaguNa Adi bhI pratibhAsita ho jAte haiM ata: jAti, dravya Adi svarUpa kalpanA ke sAtha tadAtmaka artha se utpanna artha kA darzana savikalpaka hai, yaha pratyakSa pramANa se siddha hai ataH nirvikalpa hetu viruddha hI hai| (sAdhya se viparIta vyApti rakhane vAlA hetu viruddha kahalAtA hai) vAstava meM ghaTa, paTa Adi padArthoM kA jAti Adi ke sAtha tadAtmaka bhAva asiddha nahIM hai, kyoMki nirbAdha jJAnoM ke dvArA isa viSaya kI saMpUrNa zaMkAoM ko vidhvasta kara diyA gayA hai arthAt sampUrNa padArtha sAmAnya-vizeSa Adi aneka dharmAtmaka haiM, isameM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai||19|| sabhI padArthoM ke jAti Adi, svarUpa hone meM samasta deza, kAla kI apekSA se hone vAlI bAdhAoM kA nAzaka samyagjJAna, jaba sampUrNa zaMkAoM ko naSTa kara detA hai, to aisI dazA meM hamako cintA karane se kyA lAbha hai? arthAt hama nizciMta haiN| jAti Adi se tadAtmaka artha ko jAnane vAlA jJAna bAdhAoM se rahita hai, isakA hama anya prakaraNoM meM samarthana kara cuke haiM vahA~ se samajha lenA cAhie ata: jAti Adi.se tadAtmaka ho rahe sva aura artha kA nirNaya karana rUpa spaSTa kalpanA pratyakSa jJAna meM vyavasthita hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 123 saMketasmaraNopAyA dRssttsNklpnaatmikaa| naiSA vyavasitiH spaSTA tato yuktAkSajanmani // 20 // yadeva hi saMketasmaraNopAyaM dRSTasaMkalpanAtmakaM kalpanaM tadeva pUrvAparaparAmarzazUnye cAkSuSe sparzanAdike vA darzane virudhyte| na ceyaM vizadAvabhAsArthavyavasitistathA, tato yuktA sA pratyakSe kutaH punariyaM na sNketsmrnnopaayetyucyte|| svato hi vyavasAyAtmapratyakSaM sakalaM mtm| abhidhaanaadypekssaayaamnyonyaashrynnaattyoH||21|| sati hyabhidhAnasmaraNAdau kvacidvyavasAya: sati ca vyavasAye hyabhidhAnasmaraNAdIti kathamanyonyAzrayaNaM na syaat| svAbhidhAnavizeSApekSA evArthanizcayairvyavasIyate iti bruvannArthamadhyavasyastadabhidhAnavizeSasya smarati ananusmaranna yojayati ayojayanna vyavasyatItyakalpakaM jagadarthayet / svavacanaviruddha cedN| kiM ca jo kalpanA saMketagrahaNa aura usake smaraNa Adi upAyoM se utpanna hotI hai, athavA dekhe hue padArtha meM anya saMbaMdhiyoM kA saMkalpa karane rUpa hai, vaha svArthanirNaya karane rUpa spaSTa kalpanA indriyajanya pratyakSa meM saMbhava hai, nirvikalpa pratyakSa meM nahIM // 20 // jo hI dRSTa padArtha meM saMketasmaraNa upAya (merA, terA Adi saMkalpa karane) rUpa kalpanA hai, vahI kalpanA pUrvAparaparAmarza zUnya cAkSuSa pratyakSa athavA sparzana Adi pratyakSoM meM viruddha par3atI hai kintu vizada prakAza rUpa se artha kA nirNaya karane rUpa-yaha kalpanA isa prakAra parAmarza karane vAlI nahIM hai| ata: vaha svArtha nirNayarUpa kalpanA pratyakSajJAna meM samucita hai| pratyakSa meM hone vAlI kalpanA zabdasaMbaMdhI saMketasmaraNa ke nimitta se utpanna kaise nahIM hai? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM: __ zabda yojanA, saMketasmaraNa karanA Adi kI apekSA binA utpanna hue sampUrNa pratyakSa svayaM apane Apa se nirNayasvarUpa haiN| yadi una pratyakSa aura nirNaya donoM meM bhI abhidhAna Adi kI apekSA mAnI jAegI to anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai||21|| . vAcaka zabda ke smaraNa Adi ke hone para kahIM ghaTa, paTa Adi meM nirNaya ho aura unakA nizcaya ho jAne para vAcaka zabda kA smaraNa Adi ho, isa prakAra anyonyAzraya doSa kyoM nahIM hogA? apane vAcaka zabda vizeSoM kI apekSA se hI padArtha nizcayoM ke dvArA nizcita kiye jAte haiM isa prakAra kahane vAlA (bauddha) artha kA nirNaya karate hue artha ke vAcaka vizeSa zabdoM kA smaraNa karatA hai, kyoMki, smaraNa nahIM karane vAlA to zabdoM ko artha ke sAtha jor3a sakatA hai, aura zabdoM ko artha ke sAtha nahIM jor3ane vAlA artha kA nizcaya nahIM kara pAtA hai ata: isa jagat ke nirvikalpaka hone kI abhilASA karatA hai, usakA yaha kathana svayaM meM virodhAtmaka hai| ... kiMca : jaba sabhI artha apanA nizcaya karAne meM apane vAcaka viziSTa zabdoM kI apekSA karate haiM (to vaha vAcaka zabda bhI to eka vizeSa artha hai)| usa zabdarUpa artha kA nizcaya karane ke lie bhI apane vAcaka anya zabdoM kI apekSA kI jaaegii| isa prakAra usa zabda ke bhI vAcaka zabdasvarUpa padArthoM kA nizcaya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 124 svAbhidhAnavizeSasya nizcayo ydypeksste| svAbhilASAMtaraM nUnamanavasthA tadA na kim // 22 // gatvA sudUramapyevamabhidhAnasya nishcye| svAbhilApAnapekSasya kimu nArthasya nizcayaH // 23 // abhidhAnavizeSazcet svasminnarthe ca nizcayam / kurvan dRSTaH svazaktyaiva liMgAdyarthepi taadRshH||24|| zAbdasya nizcayorthasya shbdaapekssostvbaadhitH| liMgajanmAkSajanmA ca tadapekSobhidhIyate // 25 // tataH pratyakSamAstheyaM mukhyaM vA dezatopi vaa| syAnirvikalpakaM siddhaM yuktyA syAtsavikalpakaM // 26 // sarvathA nirvikalpatve svArthavyavasitiH kutH| sarvathA savikalpatve tasya syAcchabdakalpanA // 27 // na kevalaM jainasya kathaMcitsavikalpakaM prtykssN| kiM tarhi saugatasyApItyAha;karanA yadi apane vAcaka anya zabdoM kI apekSA karatA hogA, taba to niyama se anavasthA doSa kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt avazya hogaa| isa prakAra bahuta dUra bhI calakara apane vAcaka zabdoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle zabdoM kA nirNaya mAnA jaaegaa| yAnI kucha dUra jAkara vAcaka zabdoM kA nirNaya unake abhidhAyaka zabdoM ke binA bhI honA mAnanA par3egA to pahale se hI vAcaka zabdoM ke binA bhI artha kA nizcaya karanA kyoM nahIM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai ataH saMketasmaraNa, zabdayojanA Adi ke binA bhI svArtha kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai||22-23|| - yadi kaho ki vAcaka vizeSa zabda apanI zakti ke dvArA apanA (zabda kA) aura artha kA nizcaya karate dekhA gayA hai, taba to usa zabda ke samAna hI apanI sAmarthya se hetu Adi artha bhI vAcaka zabdoM ke binA vaisA nirNaya karA deMge (pratyeka nizcaya ko karane meM vizeSa zabdoM ko vyartha kyoM lagAyA jaay)| zabda ko sunakara utpanna huA artha kA nirNaya to bAdhA rahita hotA huA zabda kI apekSA rakhane vAlA mAna liyA jAya, kintu jJApaka hetu se utpanna hue nirNaya (anumAna) aura indriyoM se utpanna hue nirNaya (pratyakSa) ko to usa zabda kI apekSA rakhane vAlA nahIM kahA jA sakatA // 24-25 // ata: yaha nizcaya karanA cAhie ki mukhya pratyakSa athavA ekadeza vizada saMvyavahAra pratyakSa-ye donoM hI kathaMcit nirvikalpaka siddha haiM aura yukti se kathaMcit savikalpaka bhI siddha haiN| arthAt saMketa-smaraNa, vAcaka zabda jor3anA Adi kalpanAoM se rahita pratyakSa nirvikalpaka hai aura spaSTa rUpa se svArtha vyavasAya karane rUpa sadbhUta kalpanA ke kAraNa pratyakSa savikalpaka bhI hai| sarvathA yadi pratyakSa ko nirvikalpaka mAna liyA jAegA to svArtha kA nirNaya kaise hogA ? svArtha nirNaya karanA bhI to eka kalpanA hai aura yadi usa pratyakSa ko sarvathA savikalpaka svIkAra kiyA jAegA to zAbdabodha ke samAna pratyakSa jJAna meM bhI zabdoM kI kalpanA ho jAegI (aisA hone para vaha pratyakSajJAna parokSa ho jAegA) // 26-27 // kevala jainoM ke yahA~ hI pratyakSajJAna kathaMcit savikalpaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kintu bauddhoM ke yahA~ bhI pratyakSa ko savikalpaka iSTa kiyA hai| isa bAta ko spaSTa kara AcArya kahate haiM - rUpa, vedanA, vijJAna, saMjJA, saMskAra ye pA~ca vijJAnadhAtu vitarka aura vicAra sahita haiN| nirUpaNa anusmaraNa Adi vikalpoM se rahita haiM (jJAna dvArA AlaMbana kAraNa ko viSaya karanA vitarka hai aura usI viSaya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 125 savitarkavicArA hi paMca vijJAnadhAtavaH / nirUpaNAnusmaraNavikalpenAvikalpakAH // 28 // ityevaM svymisstttvaannaikaaNtenaaviklpkN| pratyakSaM yuktamAsthAtuM parasyApi virodhataH // 29 // vidhUtakalpanAjAlaM yogipratyakSameva cet / sarvathA lakSaNAvyAptidoSaH kenAsya vAryate // 30 // laukikI kalpanApoDhA yatodhyakSaM tadeva cet / zAstrIyA sAsti tatreti naikAMtenAvikalpakam // 31 // tadapAye ca buddhasya na syaaddhrmopdeshnaa| kuTyAderyA na sA tasyetyetatpUrvaM vinizcitaM // 32 // tataH syAtkalpanAsvabhAvazUnyamabhrAMtaM pratyakSamiti na vyaahtN| ye tvAhuneMdriyAniMdriyAnapekSaM pratyakSaM tasya tadapekSAmaMtareNAsaMbhavAditi tAn pratyAha;meM dRr3ha jJapti karanA vicAra hai| ye do kalpanAe~ pratyakSa meM vidyamAna haiN)| kintu nAma Adi ke kalpanArUpa nirUpaNa aura pahale anubhUta kie gae padArtha ke anusAra vikalpa karane rUpa anusmaraNa Adi vikalpoM se vaha pratyakSa savikalpaka nahIM hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ne vitarka vicAra sahita vikalpa svayaM pratyakSa meM iSTa kiyA hai ataH ekAnta Agraha karake pratyakSa nirvikalpa kI zraddhA karanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki svayaM bauddha ke yA anya vAdiyoM ke yahA~ bhI pratyakSa ko sarvathA nirvikalpaka mAnane meM virodha AtA hai arthAt pratyakSa ko sarvathA nirvikalpa mAnane se apane hI vacanoM se virodha AtA hai||28-29|| yadi sarvajJayogiyoM kA pratyakSa kalpanAoM ke jAla se rahita hai, aisA bauddha kaheMge, taba to sabhI prakAra se isa pratyakSa ke bauddhoktalakSaNa ke avyApti doSa kA kisase nivAraNa hogA arthAt pratyakSa kA nirvikalpaka lakSaNa yogiyoM ke pratyakSa meM to ghaTa jAyegA parantu indriyapratyakSoM yA mAnasapratyakSoM meM ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| ataH avyApta hai||30|| . __ kyoMki lokavyavahAra meM kI gaI kalpanAoM se rahita jo pratyakSa hotA hai vahI nirvikalpaka pratyakSa hai| bauddha ke aisA kahane para granthakAra kahate haiM ki usa pratyakSa meM zAstra saMbaMdhI kalpanAe~ vidyamAna haiM, aisI dazA meM ekAntarUpa se pratyakSa nirvikalpaka nahIM hai apitu vikalpasahita hai||31|| usa zAstrIya kalpanA ke nahIM mAnane para buddha kA dharmopadeza saMbhava nahIM hai| jaise ki jhopar3I Adi ke dvArA dharmopadeza saMbhava nahIM hotA hai, parantu buddha ke dvArA dharmopadeza honA Apane mAnA hai vaha sarvathA nirvikalpaka buddha jJAna se nahIM ho sakatA hai| athavA vaha dharmopadeza buddha kA hai-aisA kahA nahIM jA sktaa| ina saba bAtoM kA hama pUrva prakaraNoM meM vizeSarUpa se nizcaya kara cuke haiN||32|| ___ ata: kalpanAsvabhAtoM se zUnya abhrAnta pratyakSa hai, yaha pratyakSa kA lakSaNa vyAghAtayukta hai arthAtkalpanApor3ha pratyakSa kA khaNDana ho jAtA hai| . jo anya vAdI yaha kahate haiM ki indriya aura mana kI apekSA binA pratyakSajJAna nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki unakI apekSA ke binA usa pratyakSa kI utpatti asambhava hai| isa prakAra kahane vAle (vaizeSikoM) ke prati AcArya kahate haiM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 126 yepi cAtmamanokSArthasannikarSodbhavaM viduH| pratyakSaM nezvarAdhyakSaM saMgrahastaiH kRto bhavet // 33 // nezvarasyAkSajajJAnaM srvaarthvissytvtH| nAkSaiH sarvArthasaMbaMdhaH sahaikasyAsti sarvathA // 34 // yogajAjjJAyate yattu jJAnaM dhrmvishesstH| na saMnikarSajaM tasmAditi na vyApi lakSaNaM // 35 // nanu ca yogajAddharmavizeSAt sarvArthairakSasannikarSastataH sarvArthajJAnamityakSArthasannikarSajameva tt| naitatsAraM / tatrAkSArthasannikarSasya vaiyarthyAt / yogajo hi dharmavizeSaH sarvArthAkSasannikarSamupajanayati na punaH sAkSAtsarvArthajJAnamiti svarucipradarzanamAtraM, vishesshetvbhaavaadityuktprtyym|| zrotrAdivRttiradhyakSamityapyetena ciNtitN| tasyA vicAryamANAyA virodhazca prmaanntH||36|| iMdriyANyarthamAlocayaMti tadAlocitaM manaH saMkalpayati tatsaMkalpitamahaMkArobhimanyate tadabhimataM jo bhI vidvAn pratyakSa ko AtmA, mana, indriya aura artha ke sannikarSa se utpanna huA mAnate haiM, unake dvArA Izvara ke pratyakSa kA saMgraha nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki Izvara kA jJAna indriyajanya nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha sampUrNa arthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA hai| eka jIva ke eka sAtha sampUrNa arthoM kA indriyoM ke sAtha sambandha honA sarvathA asambhava hai| yadi yoga se utpanna hue vizeSa atizayarUpa dharma se utpanna huA jJAna sampUrNa arthoM ko jAna letA hai, aisA mAnoge to pratyakSa sannikarSajanya nahIM raha sakatA, ata: vaha pratyakSa kA indriyArtha sannikarSa janyatva lakSaNa sampUrNa lakSyoM meM vyApaka nahIM hone se avyApti doSa se dUSita hai||3334-35|| vaizeSika kahate haiM ki viziSTa samAdhi se utpanna hue dharmavizeSa se indriyoM kA sampUrNa arthoM ke sAtha sannikarSa ho jAtA hai| usase sampUrNa arthoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai ataH sarvajJa kA jJAna bhI indriya aura artha ke sannikarSa se utpanna hotA hai| vaizeSikoM kA yaha kathana ni:sAra hai, kyoMki usa sarvajJa ke pratyakSa meM indriya aura artha kA sannikarSa vyartha par3atA hai| yoga se utpanna huA vizeSa dharma niyama se sampUrNa arthoM ke sAtha indriya ke sannikarSa ko to utpanna karA detA hai, kintu phira vizadarUpa se sampUrNa arthoM ke jJAna ko sAkSAt nahIM karA sakatA, ata: vaizeSikoM kA yaha kathana kevala svaruci mAtra kA pradarzana hai| isameM koI vizeSa kAraNa nahIM hai| isa bAta ko hama pUrva meM kaI bAra kaha cuke haiN| jaina siddhAntAnusAra samAdhi se hI eka viziSTa atizaya- kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai jisase yugapat sampUrNa padArthoM kA pratyakSa ho jAtA hai; bIca meM sannikarSa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| jo (sAMkhya) kAna, A~kha Adi indriyoM kA ughAr3anA, kholanA Adi vRtti ko pratyakSa pramANa mAnate haiM, unakA bhI isa uparyukta kathana se khaNDana kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki yadi usa indriyavRtti kA pramANoM se vicAra kiyA jAe to virodha doSa AtA hai| arthAt indriya vRtti pratyakSa pramANa hai, yaha sAMkhya mata ke bhI viruddha hai, ataH svavacana bAdhita hai||36|| indriyA~ artha kA sAmAnyarUpa se Alocana karatI haiM ki rUpa hai, rasa hai, gandha hai aadi| usa AlocanA kiye gae artha kA puna: mana saMkalpa karatA hai (ki vaha padArtha aisA hogA ityAdi); pazcAt saMkalpa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 127 buddhiradhyavaMsati tadadhyavasitaM puruSazcetayata iti zrotrAdivRttirhi na sakRtsarvArthaviSayA yatastatpratyakSatve yogipratyakSasaMgrahaH syaat| na ca pramANato vicAryamANA zrotrAdivRttiH sAMkhyAnAM yujyte| sA hi na tAvatpuruSapariNAmonabhyupagamAt ,nApi pradhAnasyAnaMzasyAmUrtasya nityasya sA kAdAcitkatvAt / na hyakAdAcitkasyAnapekSasya kAdAcitkaH pariNAmo yuktaH sApekSasya tu kutaH kauTasthyaM nAmApekSaNArthakRtAtizayasyAvazyaM bhAvAnniratizayatvavirodhAt kauttsthyaanupptteH|| puMsaH satsaMprayoge yadiMdriyANAM prjaayte| tadeva vedanaM yuktaM pratyakSamiti kecana // 37 // ___ te na samarthA nirAkartuM pratyakSamatIMdriyaM pratyakSatonumAnAdervA srvjnytvprsNgtH| na hyasarvajJaH sarvArthasAkSAtkArijJAnaM nAstIti kutazcitpramANAnnizcetuM samartha iti prtipaaditpraayN| na ca tadabhAvAnizcaye kiye gaye usa artha kA ahaMkAra tattva abhimAna karatA hai (ki maiM artha kA garva karatA huuN)| bAda meM abhimAna kie gae artha kA buddhi nirNaya kara letI hai| (yaha saba prakRti kA kArya hai)| anantara usa buddhi se nirNIta kiye gaye artha ko AtmA anubhava karatA hai| isa prakAra indriya, mana, saMkalpa Adi kI vRtti pratyakSa pramANa hai| isa prakAra kahane vAle (sAMkhya) ke vaha vRtti eka hI bAra sampUrNa arthoM ko viSaya nahIM kara sakegI jisase ki una saba padArthoM kA pratyakSa jJAna hone se yogiyoM ke pratyakSa kA saMgraha ho sktaa| bhAvArtha : indriyavRttirUpa pratyakSa se sarvajJapratyakSa kA saMgraha nahIM ho sakatA hai| pramANoM se vicArita kAna Adi indriyoM kI vRtti sAMkhyoM ke yahA~ yukti sahita nahIM ghaTita hotI hai, kyoMki sAMkhyadarzana meM isa indriyavRtti ko puruSa kA pariNAma svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai tathA aMzarahita, amUrta, nitya aisI prakRti kA bhI pariNAma yaha indriyavRtti nahIM hai, kyoMki indriyavRtti to kAdAcitka hai (kabhI kisI kAla meM hone vAlI hai) aura jo kAdAcitka hai, vaha nitya nahIM hai| athavA kisI sahakArI kI apekSA rakhane vAlI usa prakRti kA kabhI-kabhI hone vAlA pratyakSarUpa pariNAma honA ucita nahIM hai| yadi prakRti yA AtmA ko anya sahakAriyoM kI apekSA rakhane vAlA mAnA jAegA to unameM kUTasthapanA kaise bana sakegA? kyoMki apekSA kiye jA rahe padArtha se banAye gaye atizaya kA honA Avazyaka hai, upAdAna kAraNa meM yA kArya meM atizaya kara dene vAle ko hI sahakArI mAnA gayA hai, aura aisA hone para AtmA ke atizaya rahitapane kA virodha hogA tathA kUTasthapanA rakSita nahIM raha sakegA, ataH pratyakSa kA lakSaNa indriyavRtti mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| indriyoM kA vidyamAna padArtha ke sAtha samIcIna saMsarga hone para jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai usI jJAna ko pratyakSa pramANa mAnanA yukta hai| isa prakAra koI (mImAMsaka) kahate haiM // 37 // AcArya kahate haiM ki ve atIndriya pratyakSa kA nirAkaraNa karane meM samartha nahIM haiM, kyoMki pratyakSa se aura anumAna Adi pramANoM se sarvajJapana kA prasaMga pratIta hotA hai arthAt sarvajJa kI siddhi anumAna aura pratyakSa jJAna se hotI hai / - asarvajJa alpajJAnI prANI "sampUrNa arthoM kA sAkSAt karane vAle jJAna se yukta koI nahIM hai;" aisA kisI bhI pramANa se nizcaya karane ke lie samartha nahIM hai| isakA bahuta bAra pratipAdana kara diyA gayA hai| usa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 128 karaNajameva pratyayamiti niyamaH siddhyet // tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmavidhA prtykssmNjsaa| jJAnaM vizadamanyattu parokSamiti sNgrhH||38|| matiH smRti: saMjJA ciMtAbhinibodha ityanAMtaram // 13 // kimrthmidmucyte| matibhedAnAM matigrahaNena grhnnaadnythaatiprsNgaat|| matyAdiSvavabodheSu smRtyAdInAmasaMgrahaH / ityAzaMkyAha matyAdisUtraM matyAtmanAM vide||1|| matireva smRti: saMjJA ciMtA vAbhinibodhakam / nArthAMtaraM mtijnyaanaavRticchedprsuutitH||2|| yathaiva vIryAMtarAyamatijJAnAvaraNakSayopazamAnmatiravagrahAdirUpA sUte tathA smRtyAdirapi tato matyAtmakatvamasya veditvym|| sarvajJa pratyakSa ke abhAva kA nizcaya nahIM hai ata: indriyajanya jJAna hI pratyakSa hai, aisA mImAMsakoM kA niyama karanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| sva aura artha kA vizada nizcaya karane vAlA pratyakSa jJAna avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna ke bhedoM se tIna prakAra kA hai| sAkSAtrUpa se svArtha ko vizada jAnane vAlA jJAna pratyakSa hai aura anya avizada jJAna parokSa haiM, isa prakAra sabhI samyagjJAnoM kA pratyakSa aura parokSa do pramANoM meM saMgraha ho jAtA hai||38|| aba matijJAna ke prakAroM ko pragaTa karane ke lie (AcArya) agrima sUtra kahate haiM - matijJAna, smaraNa jJAna, pratyabhijJAna, vyAptijJAna aura anumAna ityAdi prakAra ke jJAna arthAntara nahIM haiN| ye sarva matijJAna hI haiN| matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama kA nimitta pAkara artha kI upalabdhi karanA sabameM eka sA hai||13|| zaMkA : yaha sUtra kisa prayojana ko sAdhane ke lie kahA gayA hai? . samAdhAna : matijJAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kA mati ke grahaNa karane se grahaNa hotA hai anyathA (yadi mati zabda ko grahaNa nahIM kiyA jAyegA vA matizabda se yadi indriya, anindriyajanya vizada pratyakSoM ko hI pakar3A jAyegA to) atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna-ina pA~ca jJAnoM meM smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi kA saMgraha nahIM ho sakatA hai, aisI AzaMkA hone para zrI umA svAmI AcArya ne smRti Adi ko matijJAna rUpa samajhAne ke lie isa "matiH smRti: saMjJA ciMtAbhinibodha ityanarthAntaram" sUtra ko kahA hai| smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tarka aura anumAna jJAna ye saba matijJAna hI haiM, matijJAna se sarvathA bhinna nahIM haiM kyoMki aMtaraMgakAraNa matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se smRti Adi kI utpatti hotI hai||1-2|| ___ jisa prakAra vIryAntarAya aura matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNAsvarUpa matijJAna utpanna hotA hai, usI prakAra smRti Adi bhI jJAna vIryAntarAya aura matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna hote haiM ataH smRti Adi ko matijJAna hI samajhanA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 129 iti zabdAt kiM gRhyate ityAha;iti zabdAtprakArAguddhirmedhA ca gRhyte| prajJA ca pratibhAbhAvaH saMbhavopamitI tathA // 3 // nanu ca kathaM matyAdInAmanAMtaratvaM vyapadezalakSaNaviSayapratibhAsabhedAditi cetkthNcidvypdeshaadibhedepyetdbhinntaa| na virodhamadhiSThAtumISTe praatiitiktvtH||4|| na hi vyapadezAdibhedepi pratyakSavyaktInAM pramANAMtaratvaM pareSAM, nApyanumAnAdivyaktInAmanumAnAditA sveSTapramANasaMkhyA niyamavyAghAtAt pratyakSatAnumAnAditvena vaa| vyapadezAdibhedAbhAvAnna doSa iti cet matijJAnatvena sAmAnyatastadabhAvAdavirodhostu / prAtItikI hyeteSAmabhinnatA kathaMciditi na pratikSepamarhati / kaH kasya prakAra: syAdityucyate 'iti' zabda se kyA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM : prakAra artha vAle 'iti' zabda se buddhi, medhA, prajJA, pratibhA, abhAva, sambhava aura upamAna kA grahaNa hotA hai||3|| zaMkA : jaba mati, smRti Adi kA nAmanirdeza, lakSaNa, viSaya aura mati Adi jJAnoM dvArA pratibhAsa honA pRthak-pRthak hai, to phira mati Adi kA anarthAntarapanA kaise hai? samAdhAna : mati Adi kA nAma, vyavahAra, lakSaNa, Adi kI apekSA yadyapi kathaMcit bhinna-panA hai, to bhI inameM abheda hai| isameM virodha sthApana ke lie koI samartha nahIM hai, kyoMki mati, smRti Adi meM ekasA manana honA pratItiyoM dvArA nirNIta hai // 4 // - rasanA indriyajanya pratyakSa, cakSu indriya se utpanna huA pratyakSa, yogI kA pratyakSa, Adi pratyakSa vyaktiyoM ke nAma saMkIrtana, lakSaNa Adi kA bheda hote hue bhI pratyeka pratyakSa kA pRthak -pRthak bhinna pramANapanA dUsare (naiyAyika Adi) vAdiyoM ne svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| tathA anvayI hetu se, vyatirekI hetu se evaM pUrvavat Adi hetuoM se utpanna hue anumAna athavA svArtha anumAna, parArtha anumAnarUpa se anumAna kA tathA pRthak-pRthak Adi vyaktiyoM kA avAMtara bheda hote hue bhI pRthak-pRthak anumAna AdipanA nahIM hai, kyoMki thor3e-thor3e se bheda kA lakSya kara yadi bhinna-bhinna pramANa svIkAra kie jAeMge, to apane abhISTa pramANoM kI saMkhyA ke niyama kA vyAghAta ho jaaegaa| - sampUrNa pratyakSa vyaktiyoM ko pratyakSapanA ekasA hai aura sabhI svArthAnumAna, parArthAnumAna vyaktiyoM ko anumAnapanA vaisA hI hai| sAmAnyata: vyapadeza, lakSaNa Adi kA bheda nahIM hone se pratyakSa Adi pramANoM kI avAMtara vyaktiyoM ko bhinna-bhinna pramANa bana jAne kA doSa nahIM AtA hai| aisA kahane para to sAmAnyarUpa se matijJAna ke dvArA ina mati, smRti Adi kA kathaMcit abhinnapanA pratItiyoM meM ArUr3ha hai ata: inake abheda kA khaNDana karane meM koI samartha nahIM hai| . mati, smRti Adi meM se kisake kaunase medhA Adi prakAra haiM? aisI jijJAsA hone para granthakAra samAdhAna karate haiM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 130 buddhimateH prakAraH syaadrthgrhnnshktikaa| medhA smRteH tathA zabdasmRtizaktirmanasvinAm // 5 // UhApohAtmikA prajJA ciMtAyAH prtibhopmaa| sAdRzyopAdhike bhAve sAdRzye tadvizeSaNe // 6 // pravartamAnA keSAMcid dRSTA saadRshysNvidH| saMjJAyAH saMbhavAdyastu laiMgikasya tthaagteH||7|| - matisAmAnyAtmikApi buddhiriMdriyAniMdriyanimittA sannikRSTArthagrahaNazaktikAvagrahAdimativizeSasya prkaarH| yathoktazabdasmaraNazaktikA tu medhA smRteH| sA hi keSAMcideva manasvinAM jAyamAnA viziSTA ca smrnnsaamaanyaat| UhApohAtmikA prajJA ciMtAyAH prakAraH pratibhopamA ca sAdRzyopAdhike vastuni keSAMcidvastUpAdhike vA sAdRzye pravartamAnA saMjJAyAH sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnarUpAyAH prakAraH, saMbhavArthApattyabhAvopamAstu laiMgikasya prakArastathA prtiiteH|| pratyekamitizabdasya tataH sNgtirissyte| samAptau ceti zabdoyaM sUtresminna virudhyate // 8 // matiriti smRtiriti saMjJeti ciMtetyabhinibodha iti prakAro na tadarthAMtarameva matijJAnamekamiti jJeyaM / _artha grahaNa karane kI zakti rUpa buddhi mati kA prakAra hai tathA yathokta zabdasmaraNa zaktisvarUpa medhA smRti kA prakAra hai| vaha manasvI ke viziSTa hotI hai| UhApohAtmikA prajJA ciMtAjJAna kA prakAra hai| pratibhAjJAna bhI tarkajJAna kA prakAra hai| sAdRzya vizeSaNa se yukta padArtha meM athavA usa padArtha ke vizeSaNa ho rahe sAdRzya meM kinhIM jIvoM ke pravartta rahA upamAnajJAna dekhA jAtA hai| so yaha sAdRzya ko jAnane vAle saMjJAjJAna kA prakAra hai tathA sambhava, arthApatti, abhAva Adika liGgajanya anumAnajJAna ke bhedaprabheda haiN| tInoM kI isa prakAra samIcIna pratIti hotI hai||5-6-7|| indriya aura mana ke nimitta se utpanna sAmAnya matijJAna buddhi hai tathA sannikRSTa ko prApta arthoM ke grahaNa karane kI zakti se viziSTa buddhi avagraha, IhA Adi vizeSa matijJAnoM kA prakAra hai| yathokta zabdoM kA aura unake vAcya arthoM kA smaraNa rakhane kI zakti se yukta medhA smaraNajJAna kA prakAra hai| vaha (medhA) kinhIM-kinhIM mahAmanA jIvoM ke utpanna hotI hai tathA anya sAmAnya smaraNoM se viziSTa hotI hai| bhUta, bhaviSyat , dezAMtaravartI, svabhAvaviprakRSTa Adi padArthoM kA samIcIna rUpa se tarka, vitarka sakaMlpa karanA svarUpa prajJA vyAptijJAnarUpa ciMtA kA prakAra hai aura prasAda guNa se yukta navIna arthoM ke jJAna ko ughAr3ane vAlI pratibhA bhI ciMtA kA prakAra hai| tathA sAdRzya vizeSaNavAlI vastu meM kinhIM-kinhIM jIvoM ke pravarttamAna upamAna sAdRzya kA pratyabhijJAna karane vAlI saMjJA kA prakAra hai| sambhavajJAna, arthApatti, abhAvapramANa aura koI-koI upamAna pramANa to liGgajanya anumAna ke bheda-prabheda haiM kyoMki isa prakAra pratIti hotI hai| / iti zabda kI mati, smRti Adi pratyeka meM saMgati kara lenA iSTa kahA gayA hai| tathA samApti artha meM pravata rahA yaha iti zabda bhI isa sUtra meM koI virodha ko prApta nahIM hotA hai||8|| mati isa prakAra kA jJAna, smRti isa prakAra kA jJAna, saMjJA isa prakAra kA jJAna, ciMtAjJAna aura anumAna ke bheda-prabheda rUpa jJAna matijJAna se bhinna nahIM haiM, eka matijJAnarUpa hI hai, yaha samajha lenA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 131 matyAdibhedaM matijJAnaM matiparisamAptaM tadbhedAnAmanyeSAmatraivAMtarbhAvAditi vyAkhyeyaM gatyaMtarAsaMbhavAt tathA virodhAbhAvAcca / smRtirapramANameva sA kathaM pramANetarbhavatIti cenna, tadapramANatve sarvazUnyatApatteH / tathAhismRteH pramANatApAye saMjJAyA na prmaanntaa| tadapramANatAyAM tu ciMtA na vyavatiSThate // 9 // tadapratiSThitau kvAtra mAnaM nAma prvrtte| tadapravartanedhyakSaprAmANyaM nAvatiSThate // 10 // tataH pramANazUnyatvAtprameyasyApi shuunytaa| sApi mAnAdvinA neti kimapyastIti sAkulam // 11 // tasmAtpravartakatvena pramANatvetra kasyacit / smRtyAdInAM pramANatvaM yuktamuktaM ca kaizcana // 12 // akSajJAnairanusmRtya pratyabhijJAya ciMtayet / Abhimukhyena tadbhedAn vinizcitya pravartate // 13 // athavA iti zabda kA samApti artha kara mati, smRti Adi bheda vAlA matijJAna cAroM ora se mati dvArA samApta ho cukA hai| usa mati ke anya bheda-prabhedoM kA mati, smRti, saMjJA, ciMtA, abhinibodha ina pA~coM meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai, aisA bhI vyAkhyAna kara lenA cAhie kyoMki anya upAyoM kI asambhavatA hai tathA siddhAnta se koI virodha bhI nahIM hai| gRhItapadArtha ko hI grahaNa karane vAlA smaraNajJAna apramANa hai| vaha pramANoM meM kaise garbhita ho sakatA hai? isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki usa smaraNa ko apramANa mAnane para sabhI pramANoM aura prameyoM ke zUnyapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| isI artha ko kahate haiM . smRti ko pramANa nahIM mAnane para saMjJA (pratyabhijJAna) meM pramANatA nahIM A sakatI, kyoMki pratyabhijJAna meM smaraNajJAna kAraNa hai| tathA usa pratyabhijJAna ko apramANa mAnane para ciMtAjJAna bhI vyavasthita nahIM ho sakatA (kyoMki ciMtAjJAna meM pratyabhijJAna kAraNa par3atA hai)| isI prakAra vyAptijJAnarUpa ciMtA kI pratiSThA nahIM hone para anumAnajJAna kahA~ pravRtti kara sakatA hai? (anumAna ke AtmalAbha meM vyAptijJAna kAraNa par3atA hai) tathA usa anumAna kI kahIM bhI pravRtti na hone para pratyakSa pramANa bhI Thahara nahIM sktaa| ata: sabhI jJApaka pramANoM kI zUnyatA ho jAne se prameya padArthoM kI bhI zUnyatA ho jAegI aura vaha zUnyavAdiyoM kI zUnyatA bhI pramANa ke binA siddha nahIM ho sktii| isa prakAra "kucha bhI tattva hai" isa vyavasthA ko karane ke lie bhArI AkulatA ho jaaegii||9-10-11|| . artha meM pravRtti karAne vAlA hone se kisI jJAna ko yadi pramANa mAnA jAegA taba to smRti, saMjJA Adi bhI pramANa ho jAeMge, kinhIM vidvAnoM ke dvArA kahA gayA yaha mantavya yuktipUrNa hai||12|| ___ kyoMki AtmA indriyajanya jJAna ke dvArA smaraNa karake pratyabhijJAna ke lie usa sadRzatA kA jJAna karatA hai aura tarkajJAnoM se dhUma, agni Adi kA sAhacarya grahaNa kara ciMttAjJAna meM pravRtti karatA hai| tathA artha kI abhimukhatA karake usake bhedoM kA vizeSa nizcaya kara agni Adi sAdhya meM anumAna dvArA pravRtti karatA hai||13||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 132 akSajJAnairvinizcitya pravartata iti yathA pratyakSasya pravartakatvamuktaM tathA smRtvA pravartata iti smRterapi pratyabhijJAya pravartata iti saMjJAyA api ciMtayat tat pravartata iti tarkasyApi Abhimukhyena tadbhedAn vinizcitya pravartata ityabhinibodhasyApi tatastataH pratipattuH pravRtteryathAbhAsamAkAMkSAnivRttighaTanAt / tatra pratyakSameva pravartakaM pramANaM na punaH smRtiriti matamupAlabhate;akSajJAnairvinizcitya sarva eva prvrtte| iti bruvan svacittAdau pravartata iti smRteH||14|| kathamgRhItagrahaNAttatra na smRteshcetprmaanntaa| dhArAvAhyakSavijJAnasyaivaM labhyeta kena saa||15|| viziSTasyopayogasyAbhAve sApi na cenmtaa| tadabhAve smaraNepyakSajJAnavanmAnatAstu naH // 16 // smRtyA svArthaM paricchidya pravRttau na ca baadhyte| yena prekSAvatAM tasyAH pravRttirvinivAryate // 17 // smRtimUlAbhilASAdervyavahAraH pravartakaH / na pramANaM yathA tadvadakSadhImUlikA smRtiH||18|| ___ jisa prakAra indriyajanya jJAnoM dvArA vizeSa nizcaya karake jIva jJeya padArthoM meM pravRtti karatA hai isalie usa pratyakSa jJAna ko pravartaka kahA hai, usI prakAra smRtijJAna se bhI padArtha kA smaraNa kara jIva pravRtti karatA hai ata: smRti ke bhI pravartakapanA hai| pratyabhijJAna karake bhI pravRtti karatA hai ata: saMjJA ko bhI pravartakapanA hai| usa pratyabhijJAna se jAne hue kA ciMtana karatA huA pravRtti karatA hai ata: tarka ko bhI pravartakapanA hai| ____tathA vyApti jJAna se saMbaMdha grahaNa kara abhimukhapane se usake bhedoM kA vizeSa nizcayakara anumAtA pravRtti karatA hai ata: abhinibodha (yAnI svArthAnumAna) ko bhI pravartakapanA hai| isalie jisa jJAna se pratIti karane vAle pratipattA (jJAtA) kI pravRtti hotI hai, usa pratibhAsa kA atikramaNa nahIM kara (yAnI smRti Adi se hue pratibhAsoM ke anumAna) AkAMkSAoM kI nivRtti honA ghaTita hotA hai/ jijJAsita padArtha kI AkAMkSA kI nivRtti karanA smRti Adi jJAnoM dvArA sAdhya kArya hai| ataH pravartakapanA smRti Adi meM bhI hai| ina jJAnoM meM se eka pratyakSa pramANa hI pravartaka hai| phira smRti Adi to artha meM pravRtti karAne vAle nahIM haiM? isa mantavya para AcArya ulAhanA dete haiM ki sampUrNa hI jIva indriyajanya jJAnoM ke dvArA padArthoM kA nizcaya kara pravRtti karate haiM, isa prakAra kahane vAlA (bauddha bhI) apanI AtmA, zarIra Adi meM smRti dvArA hI pravRtti karatA hai ataH smRti bhI pravRtti kA kAraNa hai||14|| to phira bauddha smRti ko pravartaka kyoM nahIM mAnate haiM?-yadi una pramANoM ke prakaraNa meM smRti ko gRhIta kA grahaNa karane vAlI hone se pramANa nahIM mAnoge to dhArAvAhI indriyajJAna ko vaha pramANapanA kaise prApta ho sakegA? viziSTa upayoga kA abhAva hone se dhArAvAhika jJAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnA jAe to pratyakSa jJAna ke samAna viziSTa upayoga ke sadbhAva meM syAdvAdiyoM ke bhI svArtha kI viziSTa navIna jJapti ho jAne para smaraNa meM bhI pramANatA aaegii||15-16|| smaraNa jJAna ke dvArA sva aura artha ko jAnakara pravRtti hone meM koI bhI bAdhA nahIM hai jisase ki usa smRti se vicArazAlI jIvoM kI ghaTa, paTa Adi meM pravRtti kA nivAraNa kiyA jAe // 17 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 133 ityAcakSaNiko nAmAnumAmasta pRthkprmaa| pratyakSaM taddhi tanmUlamiti caarvaaktaagtiH||19|| yopi pratyakSamanumAnaM ca pravartakaM pramANamiti manyamAnaH smRtimUlasyAbhilASAderiva vyavahArapravRtterhetoH pratyakSamUlasmaraNasyApi pramANatAM pratyAkSIta sonumAnamapi pratyakSAtpRthakpramANaM mAmasta tasya pratyakSamUlatvAt / na hyprtyksspuurvkmnumaanmsti| anumAnAMtarapUrvakamastIti cenna, tasyApi prtyksspuurvktvaat| sudUramapi gatvA tsyaaprtyksspuurvktvenvsthaaprsNgaat| tatpUrvatve siddhe pratyakSapUrvakamanumAnamiti na pramANaM syaat| tatazca baadhktvpraaptirsy|| svArthaprakAzakatvena pramANamanumA ydi| smRtirastu tathA naabhilaassaadistdbhaavtH||20|| svArthaprakAzakatvaM pravartakatvaM na tu pratyakSArthapradarzakatvaM nApyarthAbhimukhagatihetutvaM taccAnumAnasyAstIti jaise smatimala abhilASAdi se pravartaka vyavahAra pramANa nahIM hai, usI prakAra indriyajanyajJAna ko mUla kAraNa svIkAra kara utpanna smRti bhI pramANa nahIM hai| isa prakAra kahane vAle (bauddha) anumAna ko bhI pRthak pramANa nahIM mAna sakate kyoMki, usa anumAna kA bhI mUla kAraNa vaha pratyakSa pramANa hI hai| isa prakAra isa naiyAyika yA mImAMsaka athavA bauddha ko cArvAkapanA prApta ho jAtA hai, kyoMki cArvAka hI una jJAnoM ko pramANa nahIM mAnatA hai, eka pratyakSa ko hI pramANa mAnatA hai||18-19|| yadi bauddha artha meM pravRtti karAne meM kAraNa hone se pratyakSa aura anumAna ko pramANa mAnate haiM to smRti ke nimitta se utpanna abhilASA Adika se vyavahAra kI pravRtti hotI hai unako pramANa kyoM nahIM mAnate? yadi artha meM pravRtti karAne vAle abhilASA Adi ko smRti Adi se utpanna hone se pramANapanA nahIM mAneMge to bauddha anumAna ko bhI pratyakSa se pRthak pramANa nahIM mAna sakeMge, kyoMki usa anumAna kA mUla kAraNa pratyakSa hai| apratyakSapUrvaka koI bhI anumAna nahIM hotA hai| anumAna ke pIche hone vAlA dUsarA anumAna to pratyakSapUrvaka nahIM hai| ataH sabhI anumAna pratyakSapUrvaka nahIM hote haiM aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki dUsare tIsare Adi anumAna kA bhI paramparA se kAraNa pratyakSa hI hai| bahuta dUra bhI jAkara usa anumAna ko yadi pratyakSapUrvaka nahIM mAnA jAegA to anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga aaegaa| (kyoMki vyApti yA hetu ko anumAna dvArA jAnate jAnate AkAMkSA kI nivRtti nahIM hotI hai)| yadi dUra bhI jAkara kisI anumAna ke pUrva meM hue pratyakSa ko kAraNapanA siddha mAna loge to pratyakSapUrvaka anumAna hotA hai, yaha siddha hogA ataH vaha pramANa nahIM ho skegaa| isalie bauddha mata kI siddhi meM bAdhaka pramANa vidyamAna hai| sva aura artha kA prakAzaka hone se yadi anumAna ko pramANa svIkAra karoge to usI prakAra svapara prakAzaka hone se smRti jJAna ko bhI pramANa svIkAra karanA hogaa| jJAna se bhinna abhilASA, puruSArtha Adi to usa svArtha ke prakAzaka kA abhAva hone se ve pramANa nahIM ho sakate haiM, acetana padArtha pramANa nahIM haiM // 20 // . sva aura artha ko prakAzita karanA hI jJAna meM pravartakapanA hai, aisA bhI nahIM hai kyoMki pratyakSa artha
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 134 pramANatve smaraNasya tadastu tata eva naabhilaassaadestdbhaavaat| na hi yathA smaraNaM svArthasmartavyasyaiva prakAzakaM tathAbhilASAdistasya mohodyphltvaat|| samAropavyavacchedassamaH smRtyanumAnataH / svArthe pramANatA tena naikatrApi nivAryate // 21 // yathA cAnumAyAH kvacitpravRttasya samAropasya vyavacchedastathA smRterapIti yuktamubhayoH prmaanntvmnythaaprmaanntvaaptteH| smRtiranumAnatvena pramANamiSTamevaM nAnyatheti cet|| smRtirna laiMgikaM liMgajJAnAbhAvepi bhaavtH| saMbaMdhasmRtivanna syAdanavasthAnamanyathA // 22 // kI prApti meM pradarzakatva jJAna kI pravartakatA nahIM hai tathA artha kI ora sanmukha gati karAne kA kAraNa bhI jJAna kI pravartakatA nahIM hai| jaise kevalajJAna sarva padArthoM ko jAnatA hai parantu usameM pravartakapanA nahIM hai tathApi vaha pratyakSa jJAna pramANabhUta hai tathA vaha svArtha kA prakAzakapana anumAna ke bhI hai ata: yadi anumAna ko pramANa mAnA jAegA to usI prakAra smaraNa ko bhI vaha pramANapanA vyavasthita ho jAegA, kyoMki smRti meM bhI svArtha prakAzakatva hai| smRti jJAna ke abhAva meM abhilASA Adi pramANa nahIM haiM, kyoMki unameM sva aura artha kA pratibhAsa karA denA pana nahIM hai jaise smRti smaraNa karane yogya svArthoM kI hI prakAzikA hai, vaise abhilASA, rati, lobhavRtti Adika pariNatiyA~ svArthoM kI jJapti nahIM karA pAtI hai, kyoMki abhilASA Adi mohanIya karma ke udaya hone para AtmA ke vibhAva bhAva kA phala hai kintu, svArthoM kA prakAza karanA to jJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama yA kSaya ho jAne para AtmA kA svAbhAvika pariNAma hai| isalie yaha siddha hotA hai ki pratyakSa aura anumAna jJAna ke samAna-smRti jJAna bhI svapara-artha kA prakAzaka hone se pramANabhUta hai| smRti jJAna aura anumAna jJAna se samAropa (saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya) kA vyavaccheda honA bhI samAna hai ataH svArthoM ke jAnane meM pramANapanA donoM meM se kisI eka meM bhI nahIM rokA jA sakatA hai| arthAt saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya, ajJAna svarUpa samAropa kA vyavaccheda karane vAle hone se smRti aura anumAna donoM hI jJAna pramANa haiM // 21 // kisI viSaya meM pravRtta samAropa kA vyavaccheda jaisA anumAna pramANa se hotA hai,usI prakAra smRti se bhI samAropa kA vyavaccheda ho jAtA hai ata: donoM ko pramANapanA yukta hai| anyathA (eka sAtha donoM ke bhI) apramANapane kA prasaMga aaegaa| arthAt jaise smRti apramANa hai, vaise anumAna ko bhI apramANapanA prApta hogaa| anumAna ke pramANatva se smRtijJAna ko hama pramANa hI iSTa karate haiM, dUsare prakAroM se nhiiN| bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para AcArya kahate haiM smRtijJAna, anumAna svarUpa nahIM hai kyoMki vyAptiyukta hetu kA abhAva hone para bhI smaraNajJAna kA sadbhAva dekhA jAtA hai jaise sAdhya aura sAdhana ke sambandharUpa vyApti kA smaraNa karanA anumAna jJAna nahIM hai| anyathA (vyApti smaraNa ko bhI yadi anumAnarUpa mAnA jAyegA to) usa anumAna meM bhI vyApti smaraNa kI AvazyakatA hogI aura vaha vyAptismaraNa bhI tIsarA anumAna pdd'egaa| isa prakAra anavasthA doSa AyegA,
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 135 parAparAnumAMnAnAM kalpanasya prsNgtH| vivakSitAnumAnasyApyanumAnAMtarAjanau // 23 // saMbaMdhasmRtervAnumAnatve smartavyArthena liMgena bhAvyaM tasya tena saMbaMdhastvabhyupagaMtavyastasya ca smaraNaM paraM tasyApyanumAnatve tatheti parAparAnumAnAnAM klpnaadnvsthaa| na hyanumAnAMtarAdanumAnasya janane kvacidavasthA nAma sA saMbaMdhasmRtirapramANameveti cet|| nApramANAtmano smRtyA saMbaMdhaH siddhmRcchti| pramANAnarthakatvasya prasaMgAtsarvavastuni // 24 // na hyapramANAt prameyasya siddhau prmaannmrthvnnaam| na cApramANAt kiMcitsiddhyati kiMcinnetyardhajaratInyAyaH zreyAn sarvatra tdvishessaabhaavaat|| smRtistaditivijJAnamatIte bhavetkatham / syAdarthavaditi sveSTaM yAti bauddhasya lakSyate // 25 // kyoMki vivakSA prApta anumAna kI bhI anya anumAnoM se utpatti mAnane para uttarottara aneka anumAnoM kI kalpanA kA prasaMga hone se anavasthA doSa aayegaa||22-23|| avinAbhAva saMbaMdha kI smRti ko anumAna pramANa mAnane para to smaraNa karane yogya artha ke sAtha vyApti rakhane vAlA dUsarA hetu honA caahie| usakA bhI apane sAdhya ke sAtha saMbaMdha to svIkAra karanA hI cAhie (saMbaMdha ke binA akelA hetu nahIM ho sktaa)| phira usa saMbaMdha kA smaraNa bhI pRthak mAnanA hogaa| usa saMbaMdha smaraNa ko bhI anumAna pramANa kahoge to phira tisa prakAra anumAna ke lie bhI anya vyApti smaraNarUpa anumAnoM kI utthAna AkAMkSA bar3hatI hI calI jaaegii| isa prakAra Age-Age hone vAle anumAnoM kI kalpanA karane se anavasthA doSa aaegaa| dUsare anumAna se anumAna kI utpatti honA mAnane meM kahIM bhI ThaharanA (sthiti) nahIM ho sktii| __ "vaha sAdhana aura sAdhya ke saMbaMdha kI smRti to apramANa hI hai|" vaizeSikoM ke aisA kahane para AcArya usakA uttara dete haiM apramANasvarUpa smRti se sAdhya aura sAdhana kA avinAbhAva saMbaMdha siddha nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki yadi apramANa jJAnoM se hI artha kA nirNaya hone lage to sampUrNa vastu meM (yAnI vastuoM kA nirNaya karane ke lie) pramANajJAna ke vyartha ho jAne kA prasaMga AegA // 24 // apramANa se prameya kI siddhi mAnane para pramANajJAna to nAmamAtra bhI saphala nahIM ho sktaa| kucha padArthoM kI siddhi to apramANa jJAna se ho jAtI hai, aura kinhIM padArthoM kI siddhi apramANa se nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra ardhajaratInyAya zreSTha nahIM hai, kyoMki, sabhI sthaloM para usa artha kI svapara paricchitti svarUpa siddhi karAne vAle padArtha meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| - (saugata) so vaha thA'-isa prakAra vijJAna karanA smaraNa hai, vaha smaraNa atikrAnta bhUtakAlIna artha meM utpanna hotA hai ata: vaha arthavAna kaise hai? arthAt viSayabhUta artha kA bhUtakAla ke garta meM jAne para smaraNa hotA hai| usakA jJeya artha vartamAna meM nahIM rahatA phira smaraNa jJAna ko arthavAn kaise mAna sakate haiM? isa prakAra kahane para to bauddha kA abhISTa siddhAnta bhI calA jAtA hai, kyoMki saugata ne pratyakSajJAna kA kAraNa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *136 pratyakSamarthavanna syAdatIterthe smudbhvt| tasya smRtivadevaM hi tadvadeva ca laiMgikam // 26 // nArthAjanmopapadyeta pratyakSasya smRteriv| tadvatsa eva tadbhAvAdanyathA na kssnnkssyH||27|| arthAkAratvatodhyakSaM yadarthasya prabodhakaM / tata eva smRtiH kiM na svArthasya pratibodhakA // 28 // aspaSTatvena cennAnumAnepyevaM prsNgtH| prApyArthenArthavattA cedanumAnAyAH smRterna kim // 29 // tato na saugato'numAnasya pramANatAmupayaMstAmapAkartumIzaH sarvathA vizeSAbhAvAt / / manasA jnymaantvaatsNskaarshkaarinnaa| sarvatrArthAnapekSeNa smRtirnArthavatI ydi||30|| tadA saMskAra eva syaatprvRttistnnibNdhnaa| tatrAsaMbhavatorthe cedvyaktamIzvaraceSTitam // 31 // svalakSaNa artha ko mAnA hai| pratyakSajJAna ke utpanna hone para usakA kAraNa svalakSaNa artha naSTa ho jAtA hai ata: artha ke atIta ho jAne para usa bauddha ke yahA~ kSaNika padArtha se utpanna pratyakSa pramANa bhI smRti ke samAna . arthavAn na ho sakegA tathA usa pratyakSa ke hI samAna anumAnajJAna bhI atIta artha ke hone para utpanna hotA hai, ataH vaha bhI arthavAn nahIM ho skegaa||25-26|| smRti jaise artha se utpanna nahIM hotI hai, usI ke samAna pratyakSa kI utpatti bhI artha se mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| jaise smRti artha ke binA hI ho jAtI hai, vaise hI vaha pratyakSa bhI artha ke binA utpanna ho jAtA hai| anyathA kSaNikavAda nahIM rahegA kyoMki aisA mAnane para do-tIna Adi kSaNoM taka svalakSaNatattva kA sthita rahanA siddha hotA hai| ___ jaise arthAkAratva pratyakSa artha kA prabodhaka hai, usI prakAra smRti bhI sva para artha kI pratibodhikA kyoM nahIM hogI? avazya hogii||28|| aspaSTa pratibhAsa hone ke kAraNa smRti artha kI pratibodhikA nahIM hai-aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para anumAna ke bhI arthavAn nahIM hone kA prasaMga aaegaa| yadi prApta karane yogya vastubhUta svalakSaNa artha kI apekSA se anumAna ko arthavAn kahA jAtA hai, taba to prApta karane yogya artha kI apekSA se smRti jJAna ko bhI arthavAn kyoM nahI mAnA jAtA hai|||29|| ata: anumAna ke pramANapana ko svIkAra karane vAlA bauddha usa smRti kA khaNDana karane ke lie samartha nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki sabhI prakAroM se anumAna aura smRti meM koI prAmANya aura aprAmANya kI prayojaka vizeSatAoM kA abhAva hai jinase ki anumAna meM pramANapanA aura smRti meM apramANapanA ThaharA diyA jaae| yadi padArtha se sarvathA nirapekSa saMskAra sahakArI mana se utpanna hone se smRti arthavAlI nahIM haiaisA (bauddha) kaheMge, to saMskAra hI artha kI pravRtti meM kAraNa hoMge parantu artha ke binA kevala saMskAra dvArA pravRtti honA saMbhava nahIM hai| athavA smRti ko apramANa mAnanA vaizeSikoM dvArA mAne gaye svataMtra Izvara ke sadRza kucha bhI yukta-ayukta manamAnI kriyA karanA hai|30-31||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 137 anarthaviSayatvepi smRteH pravartamAnArthe pravartate saMskAre pravRtterasaMbhavAditi sphuTaM rAjaceSTitaM yatheSTaM prvrtmaanaat|| pratyakSaM mAnasaM jJAnaM smRteryasyAH prjaayte| sA hi pramANasAmagrIvartinI syAt pravartikA // 32 // pramANatvAdyathA liNgiliNgsNbNdhsNsmRtiH| liMgijJAnaphaletyAha saamgriimaanvaadinH||33|| tadapyasaMgataM liMgijJAnasyaiva prsNgtH| pratyakSatvakSaterliMgatatphalAyAH smRteriva // 34 // yasyAH smRteH pratyakSaM mAnasaM jAyate sA tadeva pramANaM tatsAmaNyaMtarbhUtatvataH pravartikA svArthe yathAnumAnaphalA sNbNdhsmRtirnumaanmeveti| vacanasaMbaMdhaM pramANamanumAnasAmaNyaMtarbhUtamapIti cetsmRti jJAna pramANabhUta hai usakI siddhi jaise koI svataMtra rAjA apane sAmarthya ke ghamaMDa meM Akara cAhe jaise kara (Taiksa) lagA detA hai, yatheSTa ceSTA karatA hai, vaise hI smRti ko vastubhUta artha kA viSaya karane vAlI nahIM mAnakara bhI pravRtti karane vAlA bauddha usa smRti ke dvArA artha meM pravRtti kara rahA hai yaha bauddha kI anargala ceSTA hai, kyoMki saMskAra hone para to pravRtti honA asambhava hai ataH pratyakSa jJAna yA apratyakSa anumAna jJAna ke samAna smRti bhI arthavAlI hai, pramANabhUta haiM; aisA mAnanA caahie| jisa smRti se pratyakSarUpa mAnasajJAna utpanna hotA hai, vahI smRti pratyakSa pramANa kI kAraNa sAmagrI meM vartatI huI pravartaka mAnI gaI hai (ata: pramANa kI kAraNa sAmagrI meM patita hone se smRti mukhya pramANa nahIM kintu gauNa pramANa hai ) / jaise anumAna dvArA sAdhya jJAnarUpa phala ko utpanna karane vAlI sAdhya aura hetu ke sambandha kI smRti upacarita pramANa hai- isa prakAra koI sAmagrI ko gauNapramANa mAnane vAlA vAdI kahatA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA bhI asaMgata hai, kyoMki isa kathana meM akele anumAna jJAna ke hI pramANapane . kA prasaMga aaegaa| eka anumAna hI pramANa hogA, pratyakSa nhiiN| pratyakSa kA pramANapanA naSTa ho jaaegaa| pratyakSa pramANa nahIM rahegA jaise hetu aura usakA phala sAdhya ke sambandha ko viSaya karane vAlI smRti ko pramANapanA nahIM mAnA jAtA hai||32-33-34|| jisa smRti se mAnasa pratyakSa utpanna hotA hai, vaha smRti pramANa kI sAmagrI meM aMtarbhUta hone ke kAraNa svArtha meM pravRtti karAne vAlI mAnI jAtI hai| jaise anumAna jJAna hai phala jisakA, aisI sAdhya sAdhanoM ke saMbaMdha kI smRti anumAnapramANarUpa hI hai| isa prakAra anumAna kI sAmagrI meM aMtarbhUta saMbaMdha kA kathana hone se smRti anumAna ke antargata hai, svataMtra pramANa nahIM hai| isa prakAra kisI ke kahane para AcArya kahate haiM pratyakSa ke samAna smRti kA bhI avyavahita phala jaba apanA aura artha kA vizeSa nizcaya karanA niyata hai to phira svArtha kI pramiti karane meM prakRSTa upakAraka hone ke kAraNa pratyakSa ko jaise pramANa kahA jAtA hai vaise hI svArtha ke nizcaya karAne meM kAraNaM hone se smaraNa kA pramANapanA kyoM nahIM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai? tathA paramparA se usa smaraNajJAna ke phala bhI pratyakSa ke phala samAna heya kA parityAga karanA, upAdeya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 138 pratyakSavatsmRteH sAkSAtphale svaarthvinishcye| kiM sAdhakatamatvena prAmANyaM nopagamyate // 35 // pAraMparyeNa hAnAdijJAnaM ca phlmiikssyte| tsyaastdnusmRtyNtryaathaarthyvRttitorthinH||36|| ___ tato na yogopi smRterapramANatvaM samarthayitumIzaH pratyakSAdipramANatvaM vA, ythoktdossaanussNgaat|| pratyabhijJAya ca svArthaM vartamAno yatorthabhAk / mataM tatpratyabhijJAnaM pramANaM paramanyathA // 37 // tadvidhaikatvasAdRzyagocaratvena nishcitN| saMkIrNavyatikIrNatvavyatirekeNa tattvataH // 38 // tena tu na punarjAtamadanAMkuragocaraM / sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnaM pramANaM naikatAtmani // 39 // ekatvagocaraM ca syAdekatve maanmNjsaa| na sAdRzye yathA tasmiMstAdRzoyamiti grahaH // 40 // kA grahaNa karanA, upekSA karanA Adi yA tadviSayakajJAna dekhe jA rahe haiM, kyoMki, artha kI abhilASA rakhane vAle jIva kI usa smRti ke anusAra smaraNa ke bhItara Ae hue artha meM yathArtharUpa se pravRtti hotI hai| arthAt smaraNa dvArA jIva abhISTa padArtha kI prApti aura aniSTa padArtha kA parityAga karate haiM ataH smRti jJAna pramANa hai||35-36|| ___tathA naiyAyika bhI smRti ke apramANapana kA samarthana karane ke lie samartha nahIM hai| athavA smRti ko pratyakSa, anumAna Adi svarUpa bhI siddha nahIM kara sakatA hai| arthAt-Avazyaka mAne gaye pratyakSa Adi pramANoM meM smRti kA aMtarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki smRti ko pratyakSa yA anumAna meM garbhita karane para pUrva meM kahe anusAra doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai| aba (AcArya) pratyabhijJAna kA vicAra karate haiM sva aura artha kA pratyabhijJAna karake pravRtti karane vAle puruSa ko arthabhAk (artha ko prApta karAne vAlA) pratyabhijJAna hai ata: darzana aura smaraNa ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hue pratyabhijJAna ko pramANa mAnA gayA hai, kintu, jo dUsarA pratyabhijJAna yathArtha kI jJapti karAne valAA nahIM hai, vaha anyathA (pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa) hai // 37 // jo ekatva aura sadRza ke yathArtha rUpa kA jJAna karatA hai vaha pramANabhUta. pratyabhijJAna hai parantu sAdRzya meM ekatva kA aura ekatva meM sadRza kA jJAna karatA hai vaha pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa hai| sAdRzya aura ekatva ke bheda se vaha pratyabhijJAna do prakAra kA hai| eka to ekapana ko viSaya karane vAlA ekatva pratyabhijJAna hai, dUsarA dRSTa aura dRzyamAna padArthoM meM sAdRzya ko viSaya karane vAlA sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna hai| yaha pratyabhijJAna aneka dharmoM kI yugapat prApti ho jAne rUpa saMkara doSa aura paraspara viSayoM meM gamana karane rUpa vyatikara doSa se rahita hai, ata: yathArtha rUpa se vastu kI jJapti karA detA hai| isalie sAdRzya aura ekatva ye donoM hI jJAna pramANabhUta haiM, parantu kATane para punaH utpanna hue madanAMkura, nakha keza Adi ke kATane para puna: utpanna hone para bhI yaha vahI nakhAdi hai, aisA kahane vAlA pratyabhijJAna pramANabhUta nahIM hai, kyoMki kATa dene para bhI puna: utpanna hone vAle aise keza Adi ko viSaya karane vAlA sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna unake ekapana ko jAnane meM pramANa nahIM hai| arthAt pUrva meM kaTa kara naSTa hue puna: utpanna hue padArthoM meM ve vahI haiM, aisA paramArza hojAtA hai| ye sanmukha sthita alaga naye utpanna hue keza haiM ataH inameM sadRzapane kA pratyabhijJAna ye "unake sarIkhe haiM" aisA kahanA to ThIka hai kintu "ve ke ve hI ye haiM" :- yaha Agraha karanA pratyabhijJAnAbhAsa hai||38-39-40||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 139 na hyevaM sAdRzyaikatvapratyabhijJAnayoH saMkaravyatikaravyatireko laukikaparIkSakayorasiddho'nyatra vibhrmaat| tato yuktaM svaviSaye niyamena pravartakayoH pramANatvaM prtykssaadivt|| tadityatItavijJAnaM dRzyamAnena naikatAM / vetti nedamiti jJAnamatIteneti kecana // 41 // tatsiddhasAdhanaM jJAnadvitayaM hyetdissyte| mAnadRSTerthaparyAye dRzyamAne ca bhedataH // 42 // dravyeNa tdblodbhuutjnyaanmektvsaadhnm| dRSTekSyamANaparyAyavyApinyanyattato matam // 43 // na hi sAMpratikAtItaparyAyayordarzanasmaraNe eva tatpratyabhijJAnaM yato doSAvakAzaH syaat| kiM tarhi? tadvyApinyekatra dravye sNklnjnyaanN| nanvevaM tadanAdiparyAyavyApi dravyaviSayaM prasajyeta niyAmakAbhAvAditi cenna, niyAmakasya sdbhaavaat|| kisI viSaya meM vibhrama hone se sAdRzya aura ekatva ko jAnane vAle pratyabhijJAnoM kA ekameka ho jAnA (saMkara doSa) yA kucha dharmoM kA paraspara badala jAnA vyatikara doSa-ina saMkara-vyatikara doSoM kA rahitapanA laukika aura parIkSaka janoM ko asiddha nahIM hai arthAt siddha hai| kisI viSaya meM vibhrama ke kAraNa ekatva vA sAdRzya meM viparItatA ho jAne para bhI vAstavika pratyabhijJAna meM saMkara vyatikara doSa nahIM hai ata: pratyabhijJAna pramANabhUtaM hai isameM kisI kA virodha nahIM hai isalie apane-apane viSaya meM niyama se pravRtti karAne vAle donoM pratyabhijJAnoM ko pratyakSa, anumAna Adi ke samAna pramANapanA yukta hai| kisI bauddha Adi kA kathana - 'vaha thA' aise bhUta padArtha ko jAnane vAlA vijJAna pratyakSa dvArA dekhe gae vartamAna artha ke sAtha ekapane ko nahIM jAna pAtA hai, tathA yaha hai' aisA vartamAna ko jAnane vAlA pratyakSa jJAna atIta padArtha ke sAtha vartamAna artha ke ekapana ko nahIM jAna sakatA hai kyoMki pratyakSajJAna avicAraka hai- isa prakAra koI vidvAna kahate haiM, parantu granthakAra kahate haiM ki yaha kisI kA kahanA siddha sAdhana hai, kyoMki bhUta aura vartamAna artha ko jAnane vAle ye do smaraNa aura pratyakSajJAna haiN| pUrva meM dhAraNA jJAna se dekhe hue arthaparyAya aura vartamAna meM dekhe jA rahe arthaparyAya meM viSayabheda rUpa se do jJAna pravRtti kara rahe haiM (ve eka dUsare ke viSaya ko nahIM chU sakate haiN)| una donoM jJAnoM kI sAmarthya se pazcAt utpanna huA tIsarA pratyabhijJAna dekhI jA cukI aura dekhI jA rahI paryAyoM meM dravyarUpa se vyApta ekatva ko siddha kara rahA hai| jo jJAna una smaraNa aura pratyakSa donoM jJAnoM se pRthak mAnA gayA hai tathA usakA viSaya ekatva bhI una donoM paryAyoM se nirAlA hai| ata: apUrva artha kA grAhaka hone se pratyabhijJAna pramANa hai||41-42-43|| ., . vartamAna kI paryAya ko jAnane vAlA darzana aura atIta paryAya ko jAnane vAlA smaraNa hI vaha pratyabhijJAna nahIM hai, jisase ki pratyabhijJAna ke apramANapana, vyarthapana, gRhItagrAhIpana Adi doSoM ko sthAna mila ske| zaMkA : pratyabhijJAna kyA hai? . samAdhAna : una bhUta aura bhaviSya kI donoM paryAyoM meM vyApane vAle ekadravya meM eka jor3a rUpa jJAna honA pratyabhijJAna hai| arthAt pratyakSa jJAna kA viSaya 'yaha' vartamAna paryAya ko jAna rahA hai aura smaraNa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 140 kSayopazamatastacca niyataM syAtkutazcana / anAdiparyayavyApi dravyasaMvittitosti nH||44|| tayA yAvatsvatIteSu paryAyeSvasti sNsmRtiH| kena tadvyApini dravye pratyabhijJAsya vAryate // 45 // bAlakohaM ya evAsaM sa eva ca kumaarkH| yuvAno madhyamo vRddho'dhunAsmIti prtiititH||46|| smRti: kinnAnubhUteSu svayaM bhedessvshesstH| pratyabhijJAnahetuH syAditi codyaM na yuktimat // 47 // tAdRkSayogyatAhAneH tadbhAve tvasti sAMginAM / vyabhicArI hi tannAnyo hetuH sarva: samIkSyate // 48 // bhUtakAlIna paryAya ko jAna rahA hai parantu ina donoM ke sAtha sambandha jor3ane vAlA ina donoM se bhinna pratyabhijJAna * zaMkA : jaba atIta aura vartamAna paryAyoM meM vyApaka eka dravya ko pratyabhijJAna jAnatA hai, taba anAdikAla kI bhUta paryAyoM meM vyApane vAle dravya ko viSaya kara lene kA prasaMga AegA, kyoMki aisA koI niyama karane vAlA kAraNa nahIM hai ki kucha varSa pUrva hI kI paryAyoM aura vartamAna paryAya meM rahane vAle ekapana se AkrAnta dravya ko pratyabhijJAna jAnatA hai, kintu asaMkhya varSa yA ananta varSa pahale vyatIta ho cukI paryAyoM meM rahane vAle dravya ko nahIM jAna sktaa| _____samAdhAna : aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki isameM niyama karAne vAle hetu kA sadbhAva hai| niyata pUrva paryAyoM meM rahane vAle dravya ko viSaya karane kA niyama to kisI kSayopazama se ho jAtA hai (aura vaha kSayopazama kisI bhI kaSAyoM kI vilakSaNa mandatA yA kAlANuoM ke nimitta se hotA hai) hamAre yahA~ pratyabhijJAna dvArA anAdikAla kI paryAyoM meM vyApaka dravya kI saMvitti honA bhI mAnA hai|| 44 // matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna vizeSa dhAraNArUpa saMvitti se jitanI (yathAyogya) atIta paryAyoM meM smRti hotI hai, unameM vyApane vAle dravya meM isakI pratyabhijJA ke hone kA kisake dvArA nivAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| arthAt una paryAyoM meM rahane vAle dravya viSaya ke pratyabhijJAna ko koI nahIM roka sakatA hai||45|| jo maiM pahale bAlaka thA, vahI maiM kumAra avasthA meM thA, tathA jo maiM yuvA thA athavA madhyama umra kA thA, vahI maiM isa samaya bUr3hA ho gayA hU~-aisI pratIti hotI hai, matijJAnAvaraNa kA vizeSa kSayopazama hone se yaha AtmA aneka varSoM kI paryAyoM ko bhI jAna sakatA hai, kyoMki kSayopazama ke anusAra smaraNa kI gaI pUrva paryAyoM meM rahane vAle dravya kA pratyabhijJAna ho jAtA hai||46|| arthAt dravya ananta paryAyoM kA piNDa hai, ataH pUrva paryAyoM se yukta dravya ko pratyabhijJAna jAna letA hai| __ svayaM anubhava kiye gaye ananta bheda-prabhedoM meM pratyabhijJAna kI kAraNabhUta smRti pUrNarUpa se kyoM nahIM hotI hai? aisA prazna uThAnA yukta nahIM hai| 47 // kyoMki vaise aMza-upAMzoM ke smaraNa karane kI yogyatA nahIM hai| jina jIvoM meM bheda-prabhedoM ko smaraNa karane kI kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA vidyamAna hai una paryAyoM ko to saba aMzoM kA smaraNa ho hI jAtA hai| isa prakaraNa meM niyata smRti hone kA kAraNa smRti jJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama vizeSa hai, usameM anya (adhyayana, abhyAsa Adi) sabhI hetu vyabhicArI dekhe jAte haiM ataH smaraNa kA aMtaraMga avyabhicArI kAraNa yogyatArUpa kSayopazama hI hai||48||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 141 smaraNasya hi nAnubhavanamAtraM kAraNaM sarvasya sarvatra svAnubhUterthe smrnnprsNgaat| nApi dRSTasajAtIyadarzanaM tasmin satyapi kasyacittadanupapattervAsanAprabodha: kAraNamiti cet , kuta: syAt / dRSTasajAtIyadarzanAditi cenna, tadbhAvepi tdbhaavaat| etenArthatvAdistaddhetuH pratyAkhyAtaH, sarvasya dRSTasya hetorvybhicaaraat| tadavidyAvAsanAprahANaM tatkAraNamiticet , saiva yogyatA smaraNAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNA tasyAM ca satyAM sadupayogavizeSA vAsanA prabodha iti nAmamAtraM bhidyte| tato yatrArthenubhavaH pravRttastatra smaraNAvaraNakSayopazame satyaMtaraMge hetau bahiraMge ca dRSTasajAtIyadarzanAdau smaraNasyotpattirna punastadabhAvetiprasaMgAditi nAnAdidravyaparyAyeSu svayamanubhUteSvapi kasyacitsmaraNaM, nApi pratyabhijJAnaM tannibaMdhanaM tasya yathA smaraNaM tathA pratyabhijJAnAvaraNakSayopazamaM ca padArthoM kA kevala anubhava kara lenA hI smaraNa kA kAraNa nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para sabhI jIvoM ke apane anubhUta viSayoM meM sarvatra smaraNa hone kA prasaMga AegA, (kintu sabhI dekhI, jAnI huI vastuoM kA smaraNa nahIM hotA hai), tathA dekhe hue padArtha ke samAnajAti vAle anya kisI padArtha kA dikha jAnA bhI smaraNa kA kAraNa nahIM hai kyoMki usa sajAtIya padArtha kA darzana hone para bhI kisI-kisI ke smaraNajJAna nahIM hotA hai| yadi smaraNa kA kAraNa pahale lagI haI vAsanAoM kA jAgRta honA hai, to vaha vAsanAoM kA prabodha kisa nimitta se hotA hai? dekhe hue padArtha ke sajAtIya padArtha ko dekhane se vAsanA kA udbodha honA mAnanA to ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki usa sajAtIya ke dekhane para bhI kisI kI ve vAsanAyeM prabuddha nahIM ho pAtI haiN| isa kathana se kisI dekhI huI vastu kI abhilASA rakhanA, prakaraNa prApta ho jAnA hetu kA bhI khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai| kyoMki sabhI dekhe hue hetuoM kA anvayavyabhicAra aura vyatirekivyabhicAra pAyA jAtA hai| ... yadi usa smaraNIya padArtha kI lagI huI avidyAvAsanA kA prakRSTa nAza ho jAnA hI smaraNa kA kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai. to vahI yogyatA smaraNAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama svarUpa iSTa hai| aura usa yogyatA ke hone para zreSTha upayoga vizeSarUpa vAsanA kA prabodha ho jAtA hai| isa kathana meM kevala nAma kA bheda hai (artha se koI bheda nahIM hai)| ata: jisa artha meM anubhava kI pravRtti hai, vahA~ smaraNAvaraNa kA kSayopazamasvarUpa aMtaraMga kAraNa aura dRSTapadArtha ke sajAtIya artha kA darzana, abhilASA Adika bahiraMga kAraNoM ke hone para smaraNa kI utpatti ho jAtI hai| smaraNAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama rUpa yogyatA ke abhAva meM smRti nahIM hotI hai| anyathA atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai (arthAt dekhe hue saba padArthoM kA yA adRSTapadArthoM kA bhI smaraNa hone kA prasaMga aayegaa)| svayaM anubhUta anAdikAla ke dravya kI paryAyoM meM kisI ko bhI sabhI paryAyoM kA smaraNa nahIM hotA hai tathA usa smaraNa ko kAraNa mAnakara hone vAlA pratyabhijJAna bhI sabhI paryAyoM meM nahIM ho pAtA hai kyoMki smaraNa ke anusAra aura pratyabhijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazamarUpa aMtaraMga kAraNa ke anukUla hone para usa pratyabhijJAna kA janma hotA hai ata: usa pratyabhijJAna kI vicitratA yuktiyoM se siddha hai, kyoMki usa pratyabhijJAna kA AvaraNa karane vAle karma ke kSayopazamasvarUpa yogyatAyeM vilakSaNa prakAra kI haiM to kAryoM ke vicitra hone meM kyoM Azcarya hai? kAryoM se hI to kAraNoM kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai| phira vaha vicitra prakAra
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 142 prAdurbhAvAdupapannaM tadvaicitryaM yogyatAyAstadAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNAyA vaicitryaat|| .. kutaH punarvicitrA yogyatA syaadityucyte;mlaavRtmnnervyktirythaanekvidhekssyte| karmAvRtAtmanastadvadyogyatA vividhA na kim // 49 // ___svAvaraNavigamasya vaicitryAnmaNerivAtmana: svarUpAbhivyaktivaicitryaM na hi tadviruddhaM / tadvigamastu svkaarnnvishessvaicitryaaduppdyte| tadvigamakAraNaM punarravyakSetrakAlabhavabhAvalakSaNaM yadanvayavyatirekastatsaMbhAvaneti paryAptaM prpNcen| sAdRzyaikatvapratyabhijJAnayoH sarvathA nirvdytvaat|| nnvstvektvsaadRshyprtiitirnaarthgocraa| saMvAdAbhAvato vyomakezapAzapratItivat // 50 // ___ sAdRzyapratyabhijJaikatvapratyabhijJA ca nAsmAbhirapahvayate tathA pratIteH, kevalaM sAnarthaviSayA saMvAdAbhAvAdAkAzakezapAzapratibhAsanavaditi cettatra yo nAma saMvAdaH prmaannaaNtrsNgmH| sodhyakSepi na saMbhAvya iti te kva pramANatA // 51 // kI yogyatA kisa nimitta se hotI hai? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM__ jaise mala se DhakI huI maNi kI mala ke tAratamya se dUra ho jAne para aneka prakAra kI abhivyakti (svacchatA) dekhI jAtI hai, usI prakAra pUrvabaddha karma se DhakI huI AtmA kI kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA bhI nAnA prakAra kI kyoM na hogI? avazya hI hogii||49|| svakIya AvaraNoM ke dUra hone kI vicitratA se maNi kA svacchabhAva jaise vicitra prakAra kA ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra karmoM dvArA AvRta jJAnamaya AtmA ke svarUpa ke prakaTa hone rUpa yogyatA bhI aneka prakAra kI hai, ata: vaha AtmA ke svarUpa kI vicitratA viruddha nahIM hai| AtmA se lage hue una karmoM kA viyoga honA toapane kAraNavizeSoM kI vicitratA se bana jAtA hai| una AvaraNoM ke upazama, kSaya, kSayopazamarUpa viyoga kA kAraNa phira ve dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAvasvarUpa padArtha mAne gae haiM, jinake sAtha anvaya, vyatireka hotA hai usameM yogyatA kI sambhAvanA hai, ata: isakA vistAra karanA anucita hai| yahA~ taka sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna aura ekatvapratyabhijJAna kI sabhI prakAra nirdoSa ho jAne se siddhi kI gaI hai| bauddha zaMkA : (dravya kI bhUta aura vartamAna paryAyoM meM rahane vAle) ekatva tathA (samAna paryAyoM meM rahane vAle) sAdRzya ko jAnane vAlI pratyabhijJAnarUpa pratIti to vAstavika artha ko viSaya karane vAlI nahIM hai, kyoMki una pratItiyoM meM saMvAda kA abhAva hai jaise ki AkAza ke kezoM kI guMthI huI coTI ko jAnane vAlI pratIti artha ko viSaya nahIM karatI hai|| 50 // sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna aura ekatva pratyabhijJAna ko hama chipAte nahIM haiM kyoMki aisA jJAna honA pratIta hotA hai| vaha pratyabhijJAna kevala samvAda nahIM hone ke kAraNa vAstavika artha ko viSaya karane vAlA nahIM hai| jaise AkAza kI coTI ko jAnane vAlA jJAna vastubhUta artha ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai, bauddha ke isa prakAra kahane para granthakAra kahate haiM ki yahA~ para jo pramANAntara ke saMgama rUpa saMvAda hai, vaha pratyakSa jJAna meM sambhava nahIM hai ataH pratyakSajJAna meM pramANatA kaise A sakatI hai|| 51 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 143 pratyakSaviSaye tAvannAnumAnasya sNgtiH| tasya svalakSaNe vRttyabhAvAdAlaMbanAtmani // 52 // tatrAdhyakSAMtarasyApi na vRttiH kSaNabhaMgini / tathaiva siddhasaMvAdasyAnavasthA tathA na kim // 53 // prApya svalakSaNe vRttirythaadhykssaanumaanyoH| pratyakSasya tathA kiM na saMjJayA saMpratIyate // 54 // . tyaalNbitmnyccetpraaptmnytsvlkssnnN| pratyakSeNAnumAnena kiM tadeva bhvnmte||55|| gRhItaprAptayorevAdhyAropAccettadeva tat / samAnaM pratyabhijJAyAM sarve pazyatu sddhiyH||56|| pratyakSa ke dvArA jAne gaye viSaya meM anumAna pramANa kI to saMgati nahIM hai kyoMki pratyakSa ke Alambana kAraNa svarUpa vastubhUta svalakSaNa meM usa anumAna pramANa kI vRtti kA abhAva hai arthAt bauddhoM ke matAnusAra anumAna jJAna avastubhUta sAmAnya meM rahatA hai| svalakSaNa ko anumAna nahIM chUtA hai|||52|| . usa prakRta pratyakSa ke kSaNika viSaya meM svalakSaNa ko jAnane vAle dUsare pratyakSa pramANa kI bhI vRtti nahIM ho sakatI (arthAt-bauddhoM ne pratyakSa kA kAraNa svalakSaNa mAnA hai| eka hI pratyakSa ko utpanna karAke jaba svalakSaNa naSTa ho gayA to vaha naSTa svalakSaNa dUsare pratyakSa ko kaise utpanna kara sakatA hai?)| usI prakAra prathama pratyakSa kA samvAdIpanA (satyapanA) dUsare pratyakSa kI pravRtti se mAnA jAegA to saMvAda kA anavasthA doSa kyoM nahI hogA? avazya hogA / / 53 / / arthAt pUrva pratyakSa jJAna meM saMvAdatA kisa jJAna se AI? yadi kaho ki isase pUrva hone vAle jJAna se AI? to usameM kisase AI? isa prakAra praznamAlA kI samApti na hone se anavasthA doSa AtA hai| (bauddhoM ke mata meM jJAna jisa viSaya ko jAnatA hai, usako Alambana kAraNa kahate haiM aura jJAna se jAnakara jisako hastagata kiyA jAtA hai, vaha prApta karane yogya svalakSaNa prApya kahalAtA hai) pratyakSa aura anumAna donoM meM se pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA jaise prApta karane yogya svalakSaNa vastu meM jJAtA kI pravRtti honA dekhA jAtA hai, usI prakAra pratyabhijJA ke dvArA vAstavika svalakSaNa meM pravRtti honA kyA nahIM dekhA jAtA hai? arthAt pratyabhijJAna se bhI usa hI yA usake sadRza pustaka Adi vastuoM meM pramAtAoM kI pravRttiyA~ hotI huI pratIta hotI haiN||| 54 // - usa pratyabhijJAna se avalambita padArtha anya hai aura pratyabhijJAna se jAnakara puna: prApta kiyA gayA svalakSaNa padArtha bhinna hai (ataH pratyakSa kA dRSTAMta sama nahIM hai)| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para to AcArya kahate haiM ki Apake mata meM pratyakSa athavA anumAna pramANa ke dvArA kyA vaha kA vahI padArtha prApta kiyA jAtA . hai? arthAt pratyakSa ke dvArA jJAta padArtha anumAna kA viSaya nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki vaha dUsare kSaNa meM naSTa ho jAtA hai // 55 // (bauddha) jJAna ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye Alambana padArtha aura hasta prApta kiye gaye svalakSaNa vastu ke ekapana kA adhyAropa kara dene se vaha Alambana karane yogya hI padArtha prApta kiyA jAtA hai| aisA kahane para granthakAra kahate haiM ki pratyabhijJAna meM bhI vaha samAna hai| sabhI zreSTha buddhi vAle usako dekheM, anubhava kreN| arthAt pratyabhijJAna ke dvArA bhI jAnI huI vastu pravRtti kara lene para prApta kara lI jAtI hai| yahA~ bhI jJAta aura prAptavya artha kA ekatvAropa sulabha hai // 56 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 144 pratyabhijJAnumAnatve pramANaM naanythetypi| tatra yuktaanumaansyotthaanaabhaavprsNgtH||57|| tatra liMge tadevedamiti jJAnaM nibaMdhanam / laiMgikasyAnumAnaM cedanavasthA prasajyate // 58 // liMgapratyavamarzeNa vinA nAstyeva laiMgikam / vibhinnaH sonumAnAccetpramANAMtaramAgatam // 59 // na hi liMgapratyavagamo pramANaM tato vyaaptivyvhaarkaalbhaavliNgsaadRshyaavyvsthitiprsNgaat| tathA caanumaanodyaasNbhvsttsNbhvetiprsNgaat| apramANAttadavyavasthitau pramANAnarthakyaprasaMga ityuktN| tatonumAnaM pratyabhijJAna anyathA (dUsarA) pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha pratyabhijJAna pramANa anumAna meM garbhita hai| aisA kahanA bhI yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA hone para anumAna pramANa kI utpatti ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai|| 57 // __ kyoMki usa anumAna meM "yaha vahI hetu hai" jo sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti rakhane vAlA hai; isa prakAra kA pratyabhijJAna kAraNa hai| ata: isa pratyabhijJAna ko punaH anumAna mAnoge to usa anumAna meM bhI yaha vahI hetu hai aise pratyabhijJAna kI AkAMkSA hone se anavasthA doSa ho jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai|| 58 // ___hetu kA pratyabhijJAna (vicAra) kiye binA liGgajanya anumAna jJAna nahIM ho sakatA ataH anavasthA doSa ke nivAraNArtha vaha liMga kA parAmarza karanA rUpa pratyabhijJAna yadi anumAna se sarvathA achUtA bhinna pramANa mAnA jAegA, taba to bauddhoM ko tIsare pRthak pramANa kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt pramANAntara kI siddhi hogI (kintu bauddhoM ne pratyakSa aura anumAna do hI pramANa mAne haiN)|| 59 // , "yaha vaisA hI hetu hai" aisA liGga kA pratyabhijJAna karanA apramANa nahIM hai kyoMki isako apramANa mAnane para usa pratyabhijJAna se vyApti, vyavahArakAla bhAvi liMga ke sAdRzya kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakane kA prasaMga AtA hai| aura vaisA hone para anumAna kI utpatti honA asambhava ho jAtI hai| phira bhI apramANa pratyabhijJAna se usa anumAna kI utpatti mAnoge to atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai kyoMki, apramANa jJAna se jAne gae hetu se usa sadRzapana kI vyavasthA honA mAnane para pramANa jJAnoM kI vyarthatA kA prasaMga AtA hai| yaha hama pahale bhI kaha cuke haiM ataH pratyabhijJAna anumAna pramANasvarUpa nahIM hai| zaMkA : phira kyA hai? samAdhAna : pratyakSa ke samAna apane dvArA jJAta kara liye gaye viSaya meM saphala pravRtti karA dene vAlA (saMvAdaka) hone se svataMtra pramANa hai| darzana karane yogya Alambana aura pIche prApta karane yogya svalakSaNa meM ekatA kA adhyAropa karake anya pramANoM kI saMgati honA svarUpa saMvAda jaisA pratyakSa pramANa meM hai, vaisA saMvAda isa saMjJA (pratyabhijJAna) meM bhI asiddha nahIM hai| athavA aisA nahIM mAneMge to pratyakSa aura anumAna meM bhI usa saMvAda kI asiddhi kA prasaMga aaegaa| isa ukta kathana se arthakriyA meM sthiti karA dene rUpa avisamvAda hai, usake na hone se pratyabhijJA pramANa nahIM hai| isa kathana kA bhI khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai kyoMki, pratyabhijJAna ko apramANa mAna lene para pratyakSa AdikoM ke apramANapana kA prasaMga AtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 145 pratyabhijJAnaM / kiM tarhi pramANAMtaraM saMvAdakatvAt pratyakSAdivat / na hi dRzyaprApyayorekatvAdhyAropeNa pramANAMtarasaMgamalakSaNa: saMvAda: saMjJAyAmasiddhaH, pratyakSAdAvapi tdsiddhiprsNgaat| etenArthakriyAsthitiravisaMvAdastadabhAvAnna pratyabhijJApramANamityapi pratyuktaM / tata eva prtykssaaderprmaanntvprsNgaat| pratipattuH paritoSAtsaMvAdastatra pramANatAM vyavasthApayatIti cet , pratyabhijJAnepi / na hi tataH pravRttasyArthakriyAsthitau paritoSo nAstIti / yadi puna: bAdhakAbhAva: saMvAdastadabhAvAnna pratyabhijJA pramANamiti mataM tadA na siddho hetuH saMvAdAbhAvAditi / tathAhisaMvAdo bAdhavaidhuryanizcayazcetsa vidyte| sarvatra pratyabhijJAne pratyakSAdAvivAMjasA // 60 // pratyakSaM bAdhakaM tAvanna saMjJAnasya jAtucit / tadbhinnagocaratvena paralokamateriva // 61 // yatra pravartate jJAnaM svayaM tatraiva sAdhakam / bAdhakaM vA parasya syAnnAnyatrAtiprasaMgataH // 62 // adRzyAnupalabdhizca bAdhikA tasya na prmaa| dRzyA dRSTistu sarvatrAsiddhA tagocare sadA // 63 // artha ko samajhane vAle pratipattA (jJAtA) ko saMtoSa ho jAne se una pratyakSa AdikoM meM saMvAda ho jAtA hai aura vaha saMvAda pratyakSa AdikoM meM pramANatA kI vyavasthA karA detA hai, isa prakAra kahane para to pratyabhijJAna meM bhI jJAtA ko saMtoSa ho jAne se pramANatA A jAegI kyoMki usa pratyabhijJAna se artha ko jAnakara paricita padArtha arthakriyA kI sthiti meM pravRtta hue jJAtA ko saMtoSa nahIM hai-aisA nahIM hai apitu arthakriyAsthiti meM adhika paritoSa milatA hai| yadi kaho ki usa pramANa ke viSaya meM bAdhaka pramANoM kA utpanna nahIM honA hI saMvAda hai, usa saMvAda ke na hone se pratyabhijJA pramANa nahIM hai to aisA mAnane para to bauddhoM kA saMvAdAbhAvarUpa hetu siddha nahIM hotA hai| ataH svarUpAsiddha hetvAbhAsa hai, kyoMki pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya kA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai| ata: bAdhakAbhAvarUpa saMvAda kA abhAva hetu pratyabhijJArUpapakSa meM sthita nahIM . tathAhi-anya bAdhaka pramANoM ke abhAva kA nizcaya ho jAnA yadi saMvAda kahA jAtA hai to vaha saMvAda pratyakSa Adi ke samAna sabhI pratyabhijJAnoM meM nirvighna vidyamAna hai, kyoMki pratyakSa pramANa to pratyabhijJAna kA kabhI bhI bAdhaka nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki pratyabhijJAna dvArA jAne gae viSaya se bhinna padArtha ko pratyakSajJAna viSaya karatA hai| jaise ki anumAna dvArA huI paraloka kI jJapti kA bAdhaka pratyakSa pramANa nahIM hotA hai| jo jJAna jisa viSaya meM svayaM pravRtti karatA hai, vaha jJAna usI viSaya meM sAdhaka athavA bAdhaka ho sakatA hai| dUsarA jJAna apane aviSaya meM sAdhaka yA parapakSa kA bAdhaka nahIM ho sktaa| anyathA atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| arthAt aviSayaka jJAna bAdhaka hoga to pratyakSa bhI bAdhaka ho jaaegaa|| 60-61-62 // __ nahIM dekhane yogya padArthoM kI anupalabdhi usa pratyabhijJAna kI bAdhaka nahIM hai (arthAt abhAva ko jAnane meM adRzyAnupalabdhi pramANa nahIM mAnI gaI hai ataH adRzyAnupalabdhi to pratyabhijJAna kI bAdhaka nahIM hai) tathA usa pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya meM dRzya kI anupalabdhi sarvatra sarvadA asiddha hai||63||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 146 tadevaM na pratyakSasvabhAvAnupalabdhirvA baadhikaa|| yatsattatsarvaM kSaNikaM sarvathaiva vilakSaNaM / tato'nyatra prtiighaataatsttvsyaarthkriyaakssteH||64|| arthakriyAkSatistatra krmvRttivirodhtH| tadvirodhastatonaMzaH syaannaapekssaavighaattH||65|| itIyaM vyApakA dRSTirnityatvaM haMti vastunaH / sAdRzyaM ca tataH saMjJA bAdhiketyapi durghaTam // 66 // sattvamidamarthakriyA vyAptaM sA ca kramAkramAbhyAM tau vA kSaNikAtsadRzAcca nivartamAnau svavyApyAmarthakriyAM nivrtytH| sA nivartamAnA svavyApyaM sattvaM nivartayatIti vyApakAnupalabdhinityasyAsattvaM sarvathA sAdRzyaM ca sAdhayaMtI nityatvasAdRzyaviSayasya pratyabhijJAnasya bAdhikAstIti kecit / tadetadapi durghttm| kuta: bhAvArtha : pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya dRSTavya artha kA sarvatra sarvadA upalambha ho rahA hai, anupalambha nahIM ataH pratyakSa yogya svabhAva vAle artha kI anupalabdhi to pratyabhijJAna ko bAdhA karane vAlI nahIM bauddha kahate haiM ki jo sat haiM, ve sabhI kSaNika haiM arthAt nitya nahIM haiN| athavA jo jo sat hai vaha sabhI prakAra se eka dUsare se vilakSaNa hai, arthAt koI bhI kisI ke sadRza nahIM hai, usase atirikta anya sthAnoM meM sat kA vyAghAta ho jAne se arthakriyA kI kSati hai| arthAt vyApaka arthakriyA se sattva vyApta hai| nitya yA sadRza padArtha meM arthakriyA na hone se paramArtha sat kA vyAghAta ho jAtA hai, tathA usa sarvathA nitya yA sadRza padArtha meM krama aura yugapat se pravRtti hone kA virodha hone se arthakriyA kI hAni ho jAtI hai| bhAvArtha : artha meM krama yA yaugapadya pravRtti hone se arthakriyA vyApta hai| nityapadArtha meM krama aura yugapatpana pravRtti nahIM hotI hai ataH arthakriyA bhI nahIM ho sktii| vyApaka ke na hone para vyApya bhI nahIM rahatA hai, kyoMki usa nitya ke sAtha arthakriyA kA virodha hai, tathA aMzoM se rahita kSaNika kA anya kAraNoM kI apekSA se vighAta hotA hai| isa prakAra yaha vyApaka kI anupalabdhi vastu ke nityapana aura sadRzapana ko naSTa kara detI hai| ata: vyApakAnupalabdhi ina ekatva pratyabhijJAna aura sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna kI bAdhaka hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki yaha bhI bauddhoM kA kahanA ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA hai||64-65-66|| bauddhoM kA kathana hai ki yaha vastubhUta padArthoM kA sattva arthakriyA se vyApta hai| tathA vaha arthakriyA krama se aura akrama se vyApta hai| aisI dazA meM krama aura akrama sarvathA nitya padArtha aura sadRza padArthoM se nirvRtta hote hue apane se vyApya arthakriyA ko bhI nivRtta karA dete haiM aura vaha arthakriyA jaba nitya padArtha se nivRtta ho jAtI hai, taba apane vyApya sattva ko bhI usa kUTastha se nivRtta karA letI hai| isa prakAra vyApaka kI anupalabdhi kUTastha nitya ke asattva kA aura sabhI prakAra asAdRzya kA sAdhana karAtI huI nityatva aura sAdRzya kA viSaya karane vAle pratyabhijJAna kI bAdhaka bana jAtI hai| bhAvArtha : vahvi kI anupalabdhi se jaise dhUma kA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai usI prakAra kramayogapadya yA arthakriyA kI anupalabdhi se nitya yA sadRza artha meM sattA kA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai| isalie
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 147 kSaNapradhvaMsinaH saMta: sarvathaiva vilkssnnaaH| iti vyApterasiddhatvAdviprakRSTArthazaMkinAm // 67 // nityAnAM viprakRSTAnAmabhAve bhAvanizcayAt / kutazcidvyAptisaMsiddhirAzrayeta yadA tadA // 8 // nedaM nairAtmakaM jIvaccharIramiti sAdhayet / prANAdimattvatosyaivaM vyatirekaprasiddhataH // 19 // yathA viprakRSTAnAM nityAdyarthAnAmabhAve sattvasya hetoH sadbAdhanizcayastadvyAptisiddhinibaMdhanaM tathA viprakRSTasyAtmana: pASANAdisvabhAve prANAdimattvasya hetorabhAvanizcayopi tadvyAptisiddhernibaMdhanaM kiM na bhavet? yato vyatirekyapi heturna syAt / na ca sattvAdasya vizeSaM pazyAmaH sarvathA gamakatvAgamakatvayoriti pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya ekapanA aura sAdRzya hI siddha nahIM ho skeNge| ata: anupalabdhi pramANa se pratyabhijJAna bAdhita ho jAtA hai isa prakAra koI bauddha kaha rahe haiN| granthakAra kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA bhI yuktiyoM se ghaTita nahIM hotA hai (durghaTa hai)| yaha kaise durghaTa hai? usake bAre meM kahate haiM svabhAvoM se viprakRSTa viruddha padArthoM ke sadbhAva meM AzaMkA karane vAloM ke yahA~ "jo jo sat haiM, ve kSaNika haiM" athavA "jo jo sat padArtha haiM, ve sarvathA hI visadRza haiM" -aisI vyApti asiddha hai| vyApti kA grahaNa sampUrNa dezakAlavartI sAdhya-sAdhanoM ke upasaMhAra se kiyA jAtA hai| ata: bauddha anumAna dvArA kSaNikatva ko aura vilakSaNatA ko siddha nahIM kara sakate haiN| 67 // jaba kAlatrayavartI nityapadArthoM kA aura svabhAva, deza, kAla se vyavadhAna ko prApta viprakRSTa padArthoM kA abhAva mAnane para sat kA nizcaya hotA hai, taba kisI vipakSavyAvRtti rUpa vyatireka ke bala se vyApti kI siddhi hone kA Azraya lete haiM, aisI dazA meM yaha jIvita zarIra AtmA rahita nahIM hai, kyoMki zvAsa, nizvAsa, Adi se sahita hai| jo sAtmaka nahIM hai, vaha prANa Adi se yukta nahIM hai, jaise ghaTa, paTa aadi| isa prakAra vyatireka kI prasiddhi ho jAne se yahA~ AtmasahitapanA siddha kara sakate haiM, kintu bauddhoM ne vyatirekI hetuoM se anumAna honA mAnA hI nahIM hai||68-69|| jisa prakAra viprakRSTa aura nitya padArthoM ke abhAva meM sat hetu ke sadbhAva kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai, aura vaha nizcaya hI pASANa Adi meM viprakRSTa AtmA ke abhAva hone para zvAsocchvAsa Adi hetu kA abhAva hai, yaha nizcaya usake vyApti kI siddhi kA kAraNa kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt jo jo sat svarUpa hai vaha kSaNika hai ataH nityAdi padArthoM kA abhAva siddha hotA hai kyoMki jo nizcaya hotA hai, vaha sat nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra bauddha darzana abhAva hetu sat ke sadbhAva kA nizcaya karatA hai| usI prakAra pASANAdi AtmA nahIM haiM, kyoMki zvAsocchvAsa Adi nahIM haiN| yaha hetu pASANa Adi meM AtmA ke abhAva kA sAdhaka kyoM nahIM hogA jisase bauddhoM ke yahA~ anvayI ke samAna vyatirekI bhI hetu na ho sake yAnI vyatirekI bhI hetu siddha hai| sattva hetu ko vyatireka kI sAmarthya se kSaNikapana sAdhya kA bodhaka mAna liyA jAye aura prANAdimattva ko sAtyakapana ko sAdhane ke lie gamaka na mAnA jAye, isa pakSapAta pUrNa ukti meM koI niyAmaka nahIM hai| hama sattva hetu se isa prANAdimattva kA sabhI prakAroM se gamakapana aura sarvathA ajJApakapana meM koI vizeSa camatkAra nahIM dekha rahe haiM phira sattva ko gamakapanA aura prANa Adi sahitapane ko agamakapanA kyoM kahA jA rahA hai? isa prakAra prANAdimattva aura
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 148 prANAdimattvAdervyAptasiddhimupayatAM sattvAderapi tadasiddhirbalAdApatatyeva / tato na kSaNikatvaM sarvathA vilakSaNatvaM vArthAnAM siddhyati viruddhatvAcca hetoH| tathAhikSaNikepi viruddhyete bhAvenaMze kramAkramau / svArthakriyA ca sattvaM ca tatonekAMtavRtti tat // 7 // sarvathA kSaNike na kramAkramau paramArthataH saMbhavatastadasaMbhave jJAnamAtramapi svakIyArthakriyAM kuto vyavatiSThate? yataH sattvaM tato vinivartamAnaM kathaMcitkSaNikenekAMtAtmani sthitimAsAdya tadviruddhaM na bhvedityuktottrpraayN| tathA ca kiM kuryAdityAha;nihaMti sarvathaikAMtaM sAdhayetpariNAminaM / bhavettatra na bhAve tatpratyabhijJA kathaMcana // 7 // pudgala kA itara dravyoM se bheda ko sAdhane ke lie diyA gayA rUpavattva ityAdika vyatirekI hetuoM kI vyApti kI siddhi ko nahIM svIkAra karane vAle bauddhoM ke yahA~ sattva, kRtakattva Adi hetuoM kI bhI apane sAdhya kSaNikapana Adi ke sAtha usa vyApti kA nahIM siddha honA balAtkAra se A jAtA hai, ataH padArthoM kA kSaNikapanA aura sarvathA vilakSaNapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| sattva hetu kI prakRtasAdhya ke sAtha vyApti siddha nahIM ho sktii| bauddha kSaNikapane kA siddhAnta puSTa karane ke lie diyA gayA sattva hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa prasiddha hI hai, isako kahate haiM kSaNika aura niraMza (nirAtmaka) bhAva meM bhI krama aura yaugapadya nahIM rahatA hai, tathA usameM apane yogya arthakriyA bhI nahIM hotI hai arthAt kUTastha ke samAna ni:svabhAva kSaNika padArtha meM bhI krama aura yaugapadya tathA arthakriyA kA honA viruddha hai kyoMki ye aneka dharma Atmaka padArtha meM pAye jAte haiM ataH vaha bauddhoM kA sattva hetu vipakSa meM vRtti hone se anaikAntika hai||70|| sarvathA dUsare kSaNa meM nAza hone vAle padArtha meM vAstavikarUpa se krama aura akrama saMbhava nahIM haiN| (krama-akrama to kAlAntarasthAyI padArtha meM ho sakatA hai) ata: una krama-akrama ke asambhava hone para jJAna mAtra honA bhI apanI arthakriyA meM kaise vyavasthita ho sakegA? jisase ki usa sarvathA kSaNika se nivRtti ko prApta sattva hetu anekAntasvarUpa kathaMcit kSaNikapadArtha meM sthiti ko prApta karake usa kSaNikapana se viruddha nahIM hotA ho? arthAt vyApaka ke na rahane para vyApya bhI nahIM rahatA hai, ataH kathaMcit kSaNikapana ke sAtha vyApti rakhane vAlA sattva hetu sarvathA kSaNikatva ko sAdhane meM viruddha hotA hai, ata: bauddhoM ke yahA~ mAnA gayA kSaNikapana siddha nahIM hotA hai, aura bhI isa prakAra kI zaMkAoM ke uttara hama pUrva prakaraNoM meM kaha cuke haiN| isa prakAra jainoM ke anusAra siddha kiyA gayA vaha hetu prakaraNa meM kyA karegA? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM ___ ataH sattva hetu se kathaMcit kSaNikapana aura alaga-alaga padArthoM meM kathaMcit sadRzapanA siddha ho jAne para nirbAdha siddha huI sadRzapana aura ekapana ko viSaya karane vAlI pratyabhijJA nAma kI pratIti padArthoM ke sarvathA nityapana athavA kSaNikapana ke ekAnta ko naSTa karatI hai, (aura padArthoM ke utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyarUpapariNAma ko siddha karatI hai)| aise anekAnta rUpa pariNAmI padArtha meM pratyabhijJAna kaise siddha nahIM hotA hai ? arthAt avazya hotA hai||71||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 149 dravyaparyAyAtmani nityAtmake vastuni jAtyaMtarapariNAminyeva dravyataH pratyabhijJA sadRzapariNAmato saMbhavati sarvathA virodhAbhAvAnna punarnityAdyakAMte virodhsiddheH| tathAhinityaikAMte na sA taavtpaurvaapryviyogtH| nAzakAMtepi caikatvasAdRzyAghaTanAttathA // 72 // nityAnityAtmake tvarthe kthNciduplkssyte| jAtyaMtare virudhyeta pratyabhijJA na sarvathA // 73 // tato na pratyabhijJAyAH kiMcidvAdhakamastIti bAdhAvirahalakSaNasya saMvAdasya siddherprmaanntvsaadhnmyuktN| nanu caikatve pratyabhijJA tatsiddhau pramANaM saMvAdAttatpramANatvasiddhau tatastadviSayasyaikatvasya siddhirityanyonyAzrayaH / dravya aura paryAyoM meM tadAtmaka kathaMcit nitya anityasvarUpa tathA pUrva svabhAva kA tyAga, uttara svabhAva kA grahaNa tathA sthUla paryAyoM kI dhruvatAsvarUpa aisI vilakSaNa gati kI vastu meM hI dravyadRSTi se sadRza pariNAma hone se pratyabhijJAna saMbhava hai| isameM sarvathA virodha kA abhAva hai| ekAnta se nitya kA kSaNika Adi padArthoM meM pratyabhijJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki nityAdi ekAnta meM pratyabhijJAna ke virodha kI siddhi hai| tathAhi-padArtha ko ekAnta se kUTastha nitya mAnane para pUrvApara kA viyoga ho jAne se usameM pratyabhijJA nahIM ho pAtI hai, tathA sarvathA kSaNa meM nAza ho jAne kA ekAnta mAnane para bhI ekapana aura sadRzapana ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| ataH sarvathA kSaNika pakSa meM bhI ekatva kA aura sAdRzya kA viSaya karane vAlI pratyabhijJA nahIM ho sakatI hai|||72|| ___ syAdvAdasiddhAntAnusAra nitya, anitya, ekAntoM se pRthak jAti vAle kathaMcit nitya-anitya Atmaka artha meM pratyabhijJAna hotA hai ataH nitya anitya se pRthak tIsarI jAti vAle artha meM pratyabhijJAna hone kA sarvathA virodha nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : nitya dravyoM ko dravyArthikanaya viSaya karatA hai aura aMza rUpa paryAyoM ko paryAyArthikanaya jAnatA hai, kintu dravya aura paryAyoM se tadAtmaka jAtyaMtara vastu ko pramANa jJAna jAnatA hai||73|| __ ata: siddha huA ki sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna aura ekatva pratyabhijJAna kA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai| isalie bAdhAoM ke abhAva se lakSaNa saMvAda kI siddhi ho jAne se pratyabhijJAna meM apramANapana siddha karanA yukta nahIM hai| zaMkA : usa vastubhUta ekatva kI siddhi ho jAne para bAdhA se rahita saMvAda se pratyabhijJAna meM pramANapanA siddha hotA hai aura usa pratyabhijJAna meM pramANapanA siddha ho cukane para usa pramANa ke viSayabhUta vAstavika ekatva kI siddhi hotI hai ata: yaha parasparAzraya doSa hai| yadi dUsare pratyabhijJAna se pahale pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya ekatva ko siddha kiyA jAtA hai, taba to dUsare pratyabhijJAna ke viSaya kI bhI anya tIsare Adi pratyabhijJAnoM se siddhi hogI taba anavasthA doSa aayegaa| samAdhAna : granthakAra kahate haiM ki isa prakAra bauddhoM ko nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki aisA kahane para pratyakSa ko bhI nIla Adi viSayoM ko jAnane meM pramANapanA sAdhane para samAna rUpa se anyonyAzraya aura anavasthA doSa prApta hote haiN| jaise vAstavika nIla padArtha ke siddha ho jAne para nIla pratyakSa (nIla saMvedana)
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 150 pratyabhijJAMtarAtprathamapratyabhijJAviSayasya sAdhane tadviSayasyApi pratyabhijJAMtarAtsAdhanamityanavasthAnamiti cenna, pratyakSasyApi nIlAdau pramANatvasAdhane smaantvaat| itarathA hinIlasaMvedanasyArthe nIle siddhe prmaanntaa| tatra tasyAM ca siddhAyAM nIlorthastena siddhyati / / 74 // ityanyonyAzritaM nAsti yathAbhyAsabalAtkvacit / svataH prAmANyasaMsiddheradhyakSasvArthasaMvidaH // 75 / / tadekatvasya saMsiddhau pratyabhijJA tdaashryaa| pramANaM tatpramANatve tayA vastvekatA gatiH // 76 // ityanyonyAzritirna syAtsvataH prAmANyasiddhitaH / svabhyAsAtpratyabhijJAyAstatonyatrAnumAnataH // 77 // prtybhijnyaaNtraadaadyprtybhijnyaarthsaadhne| yAnavasthA samA sApi pratyakSArthaprasAdhane // 78 // pratyakSAMtarata: siddhA svataH sA cennivrtte| pratyabhijJAMtarAdetattathAbhUtAnnivartatAm // 79 // ke pramANapanA AtA ha aura usa nIlasvalakSaNa meM hue nIla jJAna kI usa pramANatA ke siddha ho cukane para usa pramANa jJAna se nIla svalakSaNarUpI artha siddha hotA hai, yaha anyonyAzraya doSa hai| (dUsare Adi pratyakSoM se viSayasiddhi mAnane para anavasthA doSa bhI AtA hai)||4|| yadi bauddha kaheM ki kisI jJAna meM pramANapane kI siddhi yathAyogya abhyAsa ke bala se svayaM ho jAtI hai aura kisI artha meM vastubhUtapanA bhI abhyAsa ke sAmarthya se svayaM A jAtA hai ataH pratyakSarUpa svArtha samvitti kA pramANapanA svataH hI abhyAsavaza siddha hai ata: anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM hai| to usI prakAra hama syAdvAdI bhI kaha sakate haiM ki kahIM usa vastubhUta ekatva kI samIcIna siddhi hone para usake Azraya se pratyabhijJAna pramANa ho jAtA hai aura kvacit usa pratyabhijJA kA pramANapana siddha ho cukane para usa pramANa Atmaka pratyabhijJA ke dvArA vastubhUta ekapanA jAna liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM bhI anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM AtA hai| kyoMki abhyAsa hone se pratyabhijJAna ko svataH hI pramANapanA siddha ho jAtA hai| isa abhyAsa dazA ke atirikta anabhyasta dazA meM anumAna se pratyabhijJA ko pramANapanA siddha kara liyA jAtA ___ bhAvArtha : vaha anumAna yA usake bhI pramANapana ke lie uThAyA gayA anya anumAna abhyAsadazA kA hone se svata: pramANarUpa hai ata: jaise bauddha darzana meM pratyakSajJAna ke pramANatva meM anyonyAzrita doSa nahIM hai, vaise jainamata meM pratyabhijJAna meM bhI anyonyAzrita doSa nahIM hai||75-76-77|| sarvaprathama utpanna pratyabhijJA ke viSayabhUta artha ko siddha karane ke lie dUsarI Adi pratyabhijJAoM kI AkAMkSA ho jAne se jo saugata ne anavasthA doSa kahA thA, vaha doSa saugata ke pratyakSa dvArA artha kA samIcIna sAdhana karane meM bhI samAna hI hai arthAt pahale pratyakSa ke jAne hue viSaya kI siddhi anya pratyakSa pramANa se kI jAegI aura anya pratyakSa ke viSaya kA vAstavikapanA tIsare Adi pratyakSoM se sAdhA jaaegaa| isa prakAra anavasthA doSa AtA hai| yadi kaho ki abhyAsa dazA ke svataH siddha prAmANya ko rakhane vAle anya pratyakSa se AdyapratyakSa ke viSaya kA yathArthapanA siddha kara liyA jAtA hai, ata: anavasthA doSa nivRtta ho jAtA hai to isa prakAra hama jaina bhI kaha sakate haiM ki svataH siddha pramANabhUta abhyAsa dazA ke anya pratyabhijJAna se pahale pratyabhijJAna kA viSaya bhI vastubhUta siddha kara liyA jAtA hai, ata: anavasthA doSa nivRtta ho jAtA hai||78-79||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 151 tato naikatvaM pratyabhijJAnaM sAvadyaM srvdossprihaaraat|| sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnametenaiva vicAritam / pramANaM svArthasaMvAdAdapramANaM tatonyathA // 80 // nanvidaM sAdRzyaM padArthebhyo yadi bhinnaM tadA kutasteSAmiti prdRshyte| saMbaMdhatvAccet , kaH punaH sAdRzyatadvatAmAMtarabhUtAnAmakAryakAraNAtmanAM saMbaMdhaH? samavAya iti cet, kaH punarasau? na tAvatpadArthAMtaramanabhyupagamAt / avibhramadbhAva iti cet sarvAtmanaikadezena vA prativyakti / sarvAtmanA cetsAdRzyabahutvaprasaMgaH / na caikatra sAdRzyaM tsyaaneksvbhaavtvaat| yadi punarekadezena sAdRzyaM vyaktiSu samavetaM tadA sAvayavatvaM syaat| tathA ca tasya sAvayavaiH saMbaMdhaciMtAyAM sa eva paryanuyoga itynvsthaa| yadi punarabhinnaM ekatva ko jAnane vAlA pratyabhijJAna sadoSa nahIM hai, kyoMki prativAdiyoM dvArA uThAye gae sampUrNa doSoM kA parihAra kara diyA gayA hai| isa kathana se sAdRzya ko viSaya karane vAle pratyabhijJAna kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| apane aura artha ke jAnane meM saMvAdakatva hone se vaha sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna pramANa hotA hai aura usase anyathA hone para (yAnI sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna ke sva aura sAdRzya viSaya meM vyabhicAra yA bAdhA upasthita hone para) vaha sAdRzyajJAna apramANa ho jAtA hai|80|| bauddha : yaha sadRzapanA yadi padArthoM se bhinna hai, taba to una padArthoM kA yaha sAdRzya hai, aisA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? kyoMki jo jisase bhinna hotA hai, una padArthoM meM svasvAmI Adi saMbaMdha ko kahane vAlI SaSThI vibhakti nahIM hotI hai| yadi bheda rahane para bhI sadRza padArtha aura sAdRzya kA saMbaMdha ho jAne se "unakA yaha sAdRzya hai" yaha vyavahAra kareMge taba to sarvathA bhinna-bhinna par3e hue aura kAryakAraNasvarUpa nahIM hone vAle una sAdRzya aura sAdRzyavAna arthoM kA phira kaunasA saMbaMdha mAnA jAyegA? ____ yadi sadRza aura sAdRzya kA samavAya saMbaMdha hai, aisA kahoge to vaha samavAya kyA padArtha hai? vaizeSikoM ke samAna svataMtra pRthak padArtha to samavAya hai nahIM kyoMki jainoM ne vaizeSikoM ke samavAya ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| bauddha : vaha samavAya yadi aviSvagbhAvarUpa hai yAnI pRthagbhAva na hone denA svarUpa hai taba to vaha sAdRzya sampUrNa aMzoM meM rahatA hai? yA ekadeza meM rahatA hai? yadi gau Adi pratyeka vyaktiyoM meM pUrNa rUpa se sAdRzya rahatA hai taba to bahuta se sAdRzya hone kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki jo aneka vyaktiyoM meM pratyeka meM pUre bhAgoM meM rahatA hai, vaha eka nahIM aneka hai| eka hI vyakti meM pUrva arzI saM jaba sAdRzya raha jAtA hai to usa eka hI meM rahane vAle ko sadRzapanA prApta nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki vaha sAdRzya to aneka svabhAva rUpa hai arthAt sAdRzya do Adi vyaktiyoM meM rahatA hai, eka meM nhiiN| yadi phira eka hI sAdRzya kA aneka vyaktiyoM meM eka-eka deza se samavAya saMbaMdha dvArA rahanA mAnoge taba to vaha sAdRzya apane eka ekadezarUpa avayavoM se sahita hone se sAvayavI ho jAyegA aura vaisA hone para usa sAdRzya kA apane avayavoM ke sAtha puna: saMbaMdha kA vicAra hone para prazna khar3A rhegaa| isa prakAra anavasthA doSa AyegA ataH sadRza padArthoM se bhinna sAdRzya kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 152 sAdRzyamarthebhyo'bhyupagamyate tadApi tasyaikatve tadabhinnAnAmanAmekatvApattirekasmAdabhinnAnAM sarvathA naanaatvvirodhaat| padArthanAnAtvavadvA tasya nAnAtvebhyo'natirasya srvthaiktvvirodhaat| tathA cobhayorapi pakSayoH saadRshyaasmbhvH| sAdRzyavatAM sarvathaikatve tatra saadRshyaanvsthaanaat| sAdRzyaM sarvathA nAnAcet saadRshyruuptaanupptteH| sAdRzyamarthebhyo bhinnAbhinnamiti yuktaM virodhaadubhydossaanussNgaacc| tadarthebhyo yenAtmanA bhinnaM tenaivAbhinnaM virudhyte| pareNa bhinnaM tdnyenaabhinnmityvdhaarnnaattdubhydossprsktiH| saMzayavaiyadhikaraNyAdayopi doSAstatra durnivArA eveti sAdRzyasya vicArAsahatvAt kalpanAropitatvameva tadviSayaM ca pratyabhijJAnaM svArthe yadi punaH sadRza arthoM se sAdRzya ko abhinna svIkAra karate haiM to bhI usa sAdRzya ko yadi eka mAnA jAyegA to usa sAdRzya se abhinna arthoM ke bhI ekapana kA praMsaga AyegA kyoMki jo eka padArtha se abhinna hai. unake sarvathA anekapana kA virodha hai| athavA abhedapakSa meM padArthoM ke anekapana ke samAna usa sAdRzya ko bhI anekapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| aneka se abhinna padArtha ko sabhI prakAra ekapana ho jAne kA virodha hai, ataH ukta prakAra se bhinna-abhinna donoM bhI pakSoM meM sAdRzya kA bananA asambhava hai| sAdRzya vAle (ghaTa Adi) padArthoM ko sarvathA eka ho jAnA mAnane para to usa eka meM sadRzapanA vyavasthita nahIM ho sakatA (kyoMki sadRzapanA do meM rahatA hai, eka meM nahIM ata: eka hI meM rahane vAlA sAdRzya nahIM hotA hai)| yadi sAdRzya ko (vyaktiyoM ke samAna) sarvathA aneka mAnate ho to usako sAdRzyarUpapane kI anupapatti hogii| arthAt unameM sAdRzapanA nahIM raha sktaa| bauddha : sAdRzya ko arthoM se bhinna aura abhinna yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki eka hI dharma ko bhinna aura abhinna kahane meM virodha doSa aura ubhaya nAma ke doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| vaha sAdRzya sadRza arthoM se jisa svarUpa se bhinna hai, usI svarUpa se abhinna kahanA yaha viruddha hai| ___yadi vaha sAdRzya dUsare svabhAvoM se bhinna hai aura unase pRthak anya tIsare svabhAvoM se abhinna hai, aisA kahate haiM to ubhaya nAma ke doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai tathA usa bheda-abheda pakSa meM saMzaya, vaiyadhikaraNa, saMkara', vyatikara, anavasthA', apratipatti, abhAva -ina doSoM kA bhI kaThinatA se hI nivAraNa ho sakegA ataH ukta prakriyA se tumhArA mAnA huA sAdRzya padArtha vicAroM ko sahaja nahIM kara sakatA hai| isalie sAdRzya kalpanA Aropita hai (vastubhUta nahIM hai)| tathA sAdRzya kA viSaya karane vAlA pratyabhijJAna svakIya 1. vastu ke svarUpa kA nirNaya nahIM karanA, citta ko DA~vADola rakhanA saMzaya hai| 2. bheda aura abheda kA niyama karane vAle svabhAvoM kA bhinna adhikaraNa honA vaiyadhikaraNa hai| 3. bheda aura abheda kA ekameka ho jAnA saMkara doSa hai| 4. paraspara meM viSaya gamana karanA vyatikara hai| 5. vastu kA nirNaya nahIM honA, eka hetu kA kathana karake usase vastu kI siddhi nahIM hone se, dUsarA hetu kahanA, isa prakAra hetu ___ kI kAMkSA bar3hate rahanA anavasthA doSa hai| 6. vastu ke samajhane kA upAya zeSa na rahane se dharma adharma kI pratipatti nahIM honA apratipatti hai| 7. vastu ko siddha karane kA sAdhana nahIM honA abhAva apramANa hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 153 saMvAdazUnyaM na pramANaM naamaatiprsNgaat| kalpanAropitAdeva svArthasaMvAdAtpramANatve manorAjyAdivikalpakalApasya pramANatvAnuSaMgAt tAdRksaMvAdasya sadbhAvAditi kazcit taM pratyAha;bhedAbhedavikalpAbhyAM sAdRzyaM yena duussyte| vaisAdRzyaM kutastasya padArthAnAM prsiddhytu||81|| visadRzAnAM bhAvo hi vaisAdRzyaM tacca padArthebhyo bhinnamabhinna bhinnAbhinnaM vA syaadto'nygtybhaavaat| sarvathA sAdRzyapakSabhAvI doSo durnivAra iti kutsttsiddhiH| sAdRzyavadvasadRzamapi na paramArthamarthakriyAzUnyatvAt svalakSaNasyaiva sattvasya prmaarthtvaat| tasyArthakriyAsamarthatvAditicet , na vaisAdRzasAdRzyatyaktaM kiNcitsvlkssnnN| pramANasiddhamastIha yathA vyomakuzezayaM // 8 // pratyakSasaMvidi pratibhAnaM spaSTaM svalakSaNamiti cetviSaya meM saMvAda se zUnya hone se pramANa nahIM ho sktaa| yadi saMvAda rahita jJAna ko pramANa mAnA jAegA to ati-prasaMga doSa aaegaa| arthAt saMzaya Adi jJAna bhI pramANa ho jaaegaa| ____ yadi kalpanA se Aropita svArtha saMvAda se pratyabhijJAna ko pramANa mAnA jAegA to manorAjya (mAnasika bhAvanA se kalpita rAjA, maMtrI) Adi vikalpa jJAnoM ke samudAya ke bhI pramANatva kA prasaMga AegA, kyoMki kalpanA se Aropita saMvAdakatva manorAjyAdi kalpanA meM bhI vidyamAna haiN| aisA koI (bauddha) kahatA hai usake prati AcArya pratyuttara dete haiM jisake dvArA bheda aura abheda kA vikalpa uThAkara sAdRzya ko dUSita kiyA jAtA hai, unake mata meM padArthoM kA vaisAdRzya kaise siddha ho sakatA hai? // 81 // jo vilakSaNa padArthoM kA bhAva vaisAdRzya mAnA gayA hai, vaha visamAnatA vilakSaNa padArthoM se bhinna hai? yA abhinna hai? athavA bhinna abhinna hai? isase anya koI gati nahIM hai (yAnI koI upAya nahIM hai)| ina tInoM pakSoM meM ve hI sAdRzya ke pakSa meM hone vAle doSa sarvathA kaThinatA se bhI nahIM haTAye jA sakate haiM ata: usa vaisAdRzya kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai? arthAt vibhinna padArthoM meM par3I huI visamAnatA yadi unase sarvathA bhinna hai to "yaha unakI hai" yaha vyavahAra sarvathA bhedapakSa meM nahIM ho sakatA hai| * bauddha kahate haiM- sAdRzya ke samAna vaisAdRzya bhI vAstavika nahIM hai| arthakriyA se zUnya hone se sadRzavisadRza se rahita svalakSaNa tattva hI aneka arthakriyAoM ke karane meM samartha hai isalie vahI paramArtha hai| pratyuttara meM AcArya kahate haiM - vaisAdRzya aura sAdRzya se rahita koI bhI svalakSaNa pramANoM se siddha nahIM hai| jaise isa loka meM sAmAnya vizeSoM se rahita AkAzapuSpa pramANasiddha nahIM hai (yAnI asat hai) // 82 // .. bauddha kahate haiM ki svalakSaNa to pratyakSa jJAna meM spaSTarUpa se pratibhAsita hai| usakA AcArya uttara dete haiM ki
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 154 samAnAkAratA spaSTA pratyakSaM prtibhaaste| vartamAneSu bhAveSu yathA bhinnasvabhAvatA // 83 // idAnIMtanatayA pratibhAsamAnA hi bhAvAsteSu yathA parasparaM bhinnarUpaM pratyakSe spaSTamavabhAsate tathA samAnamapIti sadRzetarAtmakaM svalakSaNasiddhamanyathA vyomAraviMdavattasyAnavabhAsanAt / spaSTAvabhAsitvaM samAnasya rUpasya bhrAMtamiticet , bhinnasya kathamabhrAMta / bAdhakAbhAvAditi cet , sAmAnyaspaSTAvabhAsitve kiM bAdhakamasti? na tAvatpratyakSaM svalakSaNAni pazyAmIti prayatamAnasasyApi sthUlasthirAkArasya sAdhanasya sphuTaM drshnaat| tduktN| "yasya svalakSaNAnyekaM sthUlamakSaNikaM sphuttm| yadvA pazyati vaizadyaM tadviddhi sdRshsmRteH||" iti| . jaise padArthoM meM bhinna-bhinna svabhAva pratibhAsita hote haiM, usI prakAra vartamAnakAlIna samAna AkAratA bhI pratyakSa spaSTa pratibhAsita hotI hai arthAt yaha isase pRthak hai, isakA svabhAva isase bhinna hai ityAdi vyAvRti buddhiyoM se, jaise padArthoM meM vizeSa pratibhAsita hotA hai, usI ke samAna yaha bhI dravya hai, yaha usake . samAna hai ityAdi anvaya buddhi ke dvArA sAmAnya bhI spaSTa dikha rahA hai||83|| bauddha : isa samaya vartamAna kAla meM svabhAva se pratibhAsamAna padArtha hai| unameM paraspara eka dUsare se bhinna svarUpa kA jaise pratyakSajJAna meM spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai, usI prakAra se padArtha paraspara meM samAna haiM isa samAnarUpa kA bhI pratyakSa jJAna meM spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai| isa prakAra sadRza aura visadRza dharmasvarUpa svalakSaNa padArtha siddha hai anyathA (ni:svarUpa usa sAmAnya vizeSa rahita svalakSaNa kA) AkAza puSpa samAna kisI ko kabhI prakAzana nahIM hotA hai| padArthoM ke sAmAnyasvarUpa kA spaSTa pratibhAsa honA to bhrAnta hai (vastubhUta vizeSAtmaka svalakSaNa kA hI spaSTa prakAza hotA hai avastubhUta sAmAnya kA nhiiN|) isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para jaina kahate haiM ki vaisAdRzya (yAnI eka dUsare se sarvathA bhinna rUpa) kA pratibhAsa honA bhrAnti rahita kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? arthAt aisA kahane para padArthoM meM vaisAdRzya kA jAnanA bhI bhramarUpa ho jaaegaa| yadi kaho ki vaisAdRzya kA jAnanA bAdhaka pramANa na hone ke kAraNa abhrAMta hai, to sAmAnya kA spaSTa prakAza hone meM kaunasA bAdhaka pramANa hai? pratyakSa jJAna to sAdRzya kA bAdhaka nahIM hai, kyoMki svalakSaNoM ko maiM dekha rahA hU~, isa prakAra prayatna karane vAle bhI puruSa ke arthakriyA ko sAdhane vAle sthUla, sthira, sAdhAraNa AkAra vAle artha kA spaSTa pradarzana ho rahA hai arthAt pratyakSa dvArA sarvathA sUkSma, kSaNika, visadRza aise koI padArtha nahIM dikha rahe haiM kintu sthUla, kAlAntara taka Thaharane vAle, sadRza, arthoM kA vizada pratyakSa ho rahA hai| vahI granthoM meM kahA hai ki jisake yahA~ svalakSaNoM ko jAnane vAlA pratyakSa hI eka sthUla, akSaNika aise padArtha ko spaSTa dekha rahA hai, athavA vaizadyarUpa dekha rahA hai, usI ke samAna sAdRzya ko bhI pratyakSa jJAna spaSTa dekha rahA hai kyoMki pIche se sadRza padArtha kI smRti hotI hai| __bhAvArtha : yadi sAdRzya ko pratyakSa na dekhA hotA to pIche smaraNa kaise hotA ? ata: pIche se sAdRzya kI smRti hone se sAdRzya kA pratyakSa honA siddha hotA hai| sAmAnya ko spaSTa rUpa se dekhane meM anumAna bhI bAdhaka nahIM hai, kyoMki, aise anumAna kA utthApana karane vAle hetu kA abhAva hai| pratyeka padArtha yA paryAya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 155 nApyanumAnaM liMgAbhAvAt / svasvabhAvasthitaliMgAdutpannaM bhinnasvalakSaNAnumAnasAdRzyajJAnavaizadyasya bAdhakajJAnamiti cenna, tasyAviruddhatvAt / tathAhi-sadRzetarapariNAmAtmakAH sarve bhAvAH svbhaavvyvsthiternythaanupptteH| svasvabhAvo hi bhAvAnAmabAdhitapratItiviSayaH samAnetarapariNAmAtmakatvaM tasya vyavasthitirupalabdhistasyaiva sAdhikA na punaranyatra bhinnasya svalakSaNasya jAtucidanupalabhyamAnasya hetvsiddhiprsNgaat| tena hetavastatra prtyuktaaH| te hi yathopalabhyate tathA tairurarIkriyate anyathA vA? prathamapakSe viruddhA: sAdhyaviparItasya sAdhanAttasyaiva sttvaadisvbhaavenoplbhyte| yadi punaH parAbhitasvalakSaNasvabhAvAH sattvAdayo matAstadA tessaamsiddhirev| na ca svayamasiddhAste sAdhyasAdhanAyAlaM na tvayaM doSaH sarvahetuSu syAt / tathAhi-dhUmo'nagnijanyarUpo vA heturagnijanyatve sAdhye'nyathArUpo vA? prathamapakSe apane-apane svabhAva meM sthita liMga se utpanna hai, ataH svasvabhAvavyavasthitarUpa liGga se sarvathA visadRza svalakSaNoM ko jAnane vAlA anumAnajJAna sAdRzya ke vizadajJAna kA bAdhaka hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha anumAna sAdRzyasiddhi ke viruddha nahIM hai| isI bAta ko yoM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai sampUrNa padArtha sadRza aura visadRza pariNAmasvarUpa haiN| kyoMki ve apane-apane svabhAvoM meM vyavasthita haiN| yaha vyavasthA anyathA (yAnI sadRza visadRza svarUpa mAne binA) nahIM bana sktii| sampUrNa padArthoM kA svakIya svabhAva bAdhArahita pratItiyoM kA viSaya hotA huA sAmAnya vizeSa pariNAmasvarUpa hai| usakI vyavasthA yAnI yathArtha upalabdhi hI usakI sAdhikA hai| vaha hetu (upalabdhi) anya meM sAdhya ko siddha nahIM karatI hai| ekAntarUpa se anupalabhyamAna (dRSTigocara nahIM hone vAle) svalakSaNa kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki isameM hetu kI asiddhi kA prasaMga hai (sarvathA vilakSaNa svalakSaNa meM svabhAvavyavasthitirUpa hetu nahIM rahatA hai)| isa prakAra kahane vAle bauddhoM se hama pUchate haiM ki unake dvArA kathita sarvathA visadRza arthoM ko sAdhane ke lie prayukta upalabhyamAna hetuoM ko usI prakAra unhoMne svIkAra kiyA hai athavA dUsare prakAra se? pahale pakSa meM to ve sarvathA bheda ko sAdhane vAle bauddhoM ke prayukta kiye gaye hetu viruddha ho jAte haiM kyoMki sarvathA bhinna svabhAvarUpa sAdhya se viparIta kathaMcit sadRza, visadRza pariNAma ke sAdhana hote haiN| sAdhya se viparIta usa ubhayAtmaka padArtha ke sattva Adi svabhAva se upalabdha hote haiN| yadi phira dvitIya pakSa ke anusAra bauddhoM dvArA mAne gaye svalakSaNa ke svabhAva sattva Adika hetu abhISTa haiM, taba to una hetuoM kI asiddhi hI hai (pratIti ke binA mAne gaye svalakSaNa ke svabhAvarUpa sattva Adika hetu sampUrNa padArtharUpa pakSa meM nahIM Thaharate haiN)| jo hetu svayaM asiddha hai, vaha sAdhya ko sAdhane ke lie samartha nahIM hai| prazna : yaha doSa to sampUrNa hetuoM meM jA sakatA hai| jaise jagat meM prasiddha dhUmahetu agni se janyapanA sAdhya karane meM vaha hetu anagnijanya svarUpa hai, athavA anyathA hai| (yAnI agnijanya rUpa hai)| prathama pakSa grahaNa karane para to dhUmahetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai (kyoMki anagnijanya hetu agnijanya hetu agni ko siddha nahIM kara sakatA hai| vaha to agnirUpa sAdhya se viruddha anagni ke sAtha vyApti rakhatA hai)yadi dUsare pakSa ke anusAra agni se janyasvarUpa dhUmahetu mAnoge, taba to vaha abhI taka pakSa meM siddha nahIM huA hai| ataH sAdhya kA sAdhana 1. bauddha
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 156 viruddhastasyAnagnijanyatvasAdhanAt / sognijanyarUpastu na siddha iti kutaH sAdhyasAdhanaH / yadi punarvivAdApannavizeSaNApekSo dhUmaH kaMThAdivikArakAritvAdiprasiddhasvabhAvo heturiti mataM tadA sattvAdayopi tathA hetavo na viruddhA nApyasiddhA iti cennaitatsAraM, sattvAdihetUnAM vivAdApanavizeSaNApekSasya prasiddhasvabhAvasyAsaMbhavAt / arthakriyAkAritvaM prasiddhaH svabhAvasteSAmiticet na, tasyApi hetutvAt tatpratyakSatotikramAttadoSAnuSaMgasya bhAvAt tadavasthatvAt / sattvAdisAmAnyasya sAdhyetarasvabhAvasya sattvAditi cenna, anekAMtatvaprasaMgAt sAdhyetarayostasya bhAvAt / na ca pareSAM sattvAdisAmAnyaM prasiddha svlkssnnaikaaNtopgmvirodhaat| kalpitaM siddhamiticet vyAhatamidaM siddhaM paramArthasadabhidhIyate tatkathaM kalpitamaparamArthasaditi na vyaahnyte| na ca kalpitasya hetutvaM artho hyarthaM gamayatIti vacanAt / na ca pratIyate karane vAlA kaise ho sakatA hai? yAnI nahIM ho sktaa| yadi agnijanya yA anagnijanya ina vivAda meM par3e hue vizeSaNoM kI apekSA rakhatA huA kaMTha Adi meM vikAra karA denA Adi svabhAvoM se prasiddha dhUmahetu hai. taba to hamAre sattva, kRtakatva Adi hetu bhI viruddha nahIM haiN| __ aura (vilakSaNa sAdhane ke lie) asiddha bhI nahIM haiN| uttara : AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra yaha bauddhoM kA kathana sArahIna hai, kyoMki sattva Adi hetuoM ke vivAda meM par3e hue sadRzapana yA visadRzapana, vizeSaNa kI apekSA rakhane vAle prasiddha svabhAva kI asambhavatA hai| arthAt bauddhoM ke mAne gaye sattva Adi hetuoM kA svabhAva prasiddha nahIM hai| ataH sarvathA svabhAvabheda kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| una sattva Adi hetuoM kA prasiddha svabhAva arthakriyA ko karA denA hai, aisA bhI nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki, usa arthakriyAkArIpana ko bhI to bauddhoM ne hetu hI mAnA hai| usakI bhI pratyakSatA kA atikramaNa ho jAne se usa doSa kA prasaMga vidyamAna hai ata: asiddhatA, viruddhatA doSa arthakriyAkArIpana hetu meM bhI vaise ke vaise hI avasthita haiN| sAdhya aura sAdhana se bhinna svabhAva vAle sattva, kRtakatva Adi sAmAnya kA sattva vidyamAna hai (vahI vaisAdRzya ko sAdhane meM hetu hai)| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki sAdhya aura sAdhyAbhAva vAle meM vidyamAna rahane ke kAraNa sAmAnyarUpa se sattva yA kRtakatva hetu ke vyabhicArI ho jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai, tathA bauddhoM ke yahA~ sattva Adi kA sAmAnya prasiddha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki sAmAnya ko mAnane para bauddhoM ke ekAntarUpa se vizeSa svalakSaNoM ko hI svIkAra karanA virodhI hotA hai| sAmAnya kalpita siddha hai, aisA mAnanA vyAghAta doSa hai| kyoMki jo siddha ho cukA, vaha to vastubhUta sat kahA jAtA hai| kalpita aparamArtha sat hai yaha kathana vyAghAta doSa se dUSita kyoM nahIM hogA? bhAvArtha : jo paramArtha hai, vaha kalpita nahIM hai aura jo kalpita hai, vaha paramArtha pramANasiddha nahIM hai| kalpita padArtha hetu nahIM ho sakatA, vAstavika artha hI niyama se vastubhUta artha ko samajhAtA hai| aisA vidvAnoM kA vacana hai| tathA svalakSaNarUpa artha pratIta bhI nahIM ho rahA hai, jisakA dharma hetupanA kalpita kara liyA gayA hai aura jo sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka artha pratIta ho rahA hai, usako bauddhoM ne vastubhUta artha nahIM mAnA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 157 svalakSaNAtmakortho yasya hetutvaM dharmaH kalpate yastu pratIyate nAsAvartho'bhimata iti| kiMca talliMgamAzritya kSaNikaparamANusvalakSaNAnumAnaM pravarteta yatsAdRzyajJAnavaizadyapratibhAsasya bAdhakaM syaat| tato vidhvastabAdhaM vaisaadRshyjnyaanvtsaadRshyvaishdymiti| paramArthasatsAdRzyaM pratyabhijJAnasya vissybhaavmnubhvtyektvvt|| tadavidyAbalAdiSTA klpnaiktvbhaasinii| sAdRzyabhAsinI ceti vAgavidyodayAdhruvam // 84 // tadevaM nirbAdhabodhAdhirUDhe prasiddhepyekatve sAdRzye ca bhAvAnAM kalpanaiveyamekatvasAdRzyAvabhAsinI duraMtAnAdyavidyopajanitA lokasyeti buvANaH paramadarzanamohodayamevAtmano dhruvamavabodhayati, sahaka mAdiparyAyavyApino dravyasyaikatvena supratItatvAt / sAdRzyasya ca paryAyasAmAnyasya pratidravyavyaktivyavasthitasya samAnA iti pratyayaviSayasyopacArAdekatvavyavahArabhAjaH sakaladoSAsaMspRSTasya suspsstttvaat| ttstdvissyprtybhijnyaansiddhirnvdyaiv|| hai tathA usa liGga kA Azraya kara kSaNika ora paramANurUpa svalakSaNa kA sAdhaka kaunasA anumAna pravRtti karegA? jo sAdRzyajJAna ke vizada pratibhAsa kA bAdhaka hotA hai ata: bAdhAoM kA vidhvaMsa karane vAle sAdRzya kA visadajJAna honA siddha ho jAtA hai, jaise ki visadRzapane kA jJAna vizada rUpa se siddha hai ataH paramArthasvarUpa se vidyamAna sAdRzyapadArtha pratyabhijJAna ke viSayapana kA anubhava kara rahA hai| jaiseki pUrvottara paryAyoM meM rahane vAlA ekapanA pratyabhijJAna kA viSaya siddha hai| ___ yadi (bauddhoM ko) ekatva kA prakAza karane vAlI aura sAdRzya kA pratibhAsa karane vAlI vaha kalpanA (pratIti) avidyA kI sAmarthya se abhISTa hai, to nizcaya hI bauddhoM kA vacana svayaM avidyA ke udaya se pravartta ho rahA hai| arthAt yathArthavastu ko jAnane vAle pramANajJAna ko avidyAjanya kahane vAlA bauddha svayaM avidyA se pIr3ita hai||8|| ... uparyukta krama se padArthoM ke ekatva aura sAdRzya kA bAdhArahita jJAna meM prApta ho jAnA prasiddha ho jAne para bhI "yaha sAdRzya aura ekatva kA pratibhAsa karane vAlI pratItirUpa kalpanA kaThinatA se anta Ane vAlI anAdikAlIna lagI huI avidyA se laukika jIvoM ke utpanna ho jAtI hai|" isa prakAra kahane vAlA bauddha nizcaya se svayaM apane hI atyadhika darzana mohanIya karma ke udaya ko udghATita kara rahA hai| guNasvarUpa sahabhAvI paryAya aura artha, vyaMjana paryAyarUpa kramabhAvI paryAya dravya meM ekatvapana se vyApta pratIta ho rahI hai tathA pratyeka dravyavyaktiyoM meM samAnapane se vyavasthita ho rahI paryAyeM sAdRzya hai, yaha bhI pratIta ho rahA hai| yaha isake samAna hai, aise jJAna ke viSayabhUta aura upacAra se ekapana ke vyavahAra ko dhAraNa karane vAle tathA sampUrNa doSoM se nahIM chuye gaye sAdRzya kA bhI spaSTajJAna ho rahA hai| ata: usa sAdRzya ko viSaya karane vAle pratyabhijJAna kI siddhi nirdoSa hai| yahA~ taka saMjJA jJAna kA prakaraNa samApta hai| aba ciMtA jJAna kA kathana karate haiM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 158 saMbaMdhaM vyAptitorthAnAM vinizcitya prvrtte| yena tarkaH sa saMvAdAt pramANaM tatra gamyate // 85|| yena hi pratyayena pratipattA sAdhyasAdhanArthAnAM vyAptyA saMbaMdhaM nizcityAnumAnAya pravartate sa tarkaH saMbaMdhe saMvAdAtpramANamiti mnyaamhe| kutaH punarayaM saMbaMdho vastu sat siddho yatastarkasya tatra saMvAdAt pramANatvaM kalpito hi saMbaMdhastasya vicArAsahatvAdityatrocyatesaMbaMdho vastu snnrthkriyaakaaritvyogtH| sveSTArthatattvavattatra ciMtA syaadrthbhaasinii||86|| kA punaH saMbaMdhasyArthakriyA naam|| yeyaM saMbaMdhitArthAnAM sNbNdhvshvrtinii| saiveSTArthakriyA tajjJaiH saMbaMdhasya svadhIrapi // 8 // sati saMbaMdherthAnAM saMbaMdhitA bhavati nAsatIti tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyinI yA pratItA saivArthakriyA tasya tadvidbhirabhimatA yathA nIlAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyinI kvacinnIlatA nIlasyArthakriyA tasyAstatsAdhyatvAt / jisa jJAna ke dvArA arthoM ke saMbaMdha ko sampUrNa deza, kAla kA upasaMhAra karane vAlI vyApti ke dvArA vizeSa nizcaya kara anumAnakartA jIva pravRtti karatA hai, vaha tarkajJAna (ciMtA) usa saMbaMdha grahaNa meM saMvAda ho jAne ke kAraNa pramANa samajhA jAtA hai||85|| jisa jJAna ke dvArA jJAtA jIva sAdhya sAdhanarUpa arthoM meM vyApane vAle sambandha kA nizcaya karake anumAna ke lie pravRtti karatA hai, vaha tarkajJAna sAdhyasAdhana ke saMbaMdha ko jAnane meM bAdhArahita saMvAda hone ke kAraNa pramANa hai, aisA hama syAdvAdI mAnate haiN| bauddha : yaha saMbaMdha vastubhUta kaise siddha hotA hai jisase ki usa saMbaMdha ke jAnane meM samvAda ho jAne se tarkajJAna ko pramANa mAnA jAtA hai? kyoMki, vaha saMbaMdha padArtha kalpita hI hai, vicAroM ko nahIM jhela sakatA hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para AcArya apanA siddhAnta kahate haiM ____ arthakriyA ko karane vAlA hone se sambandha vastubhUta hai, jaise ki apane-apane abhISTatattva artha vAstavika haiN| usa saMbaMdha meM yathArthapana kA prakAza karAne vAlI ciMtA buddhi upayoginI ho rahI hai| arthAt anumAtA ke lie saMbaMdha kA jJAna (anumiti) karane meM cintA (tarkajJAna) upayogI hai / / 86 / / bauddha pUchate haiM ki saMbaMdha kI vaha arthakriyA kaunasI hai? isake bAre meM AcArya kahate haiM - saMbaMdha ke adhIna hokara varta rahI jo arthoM kI saMbaMdhitA hai, vahI saMbaMdha kI arthakriyA usa saMbaMdha ke vettA vidvAnoM ne abhISTa kI hai / saMbaMdha kA jJAna karA denA bhI saMbaMdha kI arthakriyA hai||87|| vastubhUta saMbaMdha ke hone para hI (ghRta jala, AtmA karmaAdi) arthoM kA sambandhapanA hotA hai| saMbaMdha ke na hone para (yA kalpita saMbaMdha ke hone para) saMbaMdhapanA nahIM hai| isa prakAra usa saMbaMdha ke anvayavyatireka kA anusaraNa karane vAlI jo pratIti hai, vidvAnoM ne usI saMbaMdha kI arthakriyA ko saMbaMdhIpanA abhISTa kiyA hai| jaise ki kisI nIla raMga se raMge hue vastra meM nIla ke sAtha anvaya vyatireka kA anuvidhAna karane vAlI nIlatA hI nIlaraMga kI arthakriyA hai kyoMki, vaha kapar3e meM nIlApana nIlaraMga se hI sAdhane yogya kArya hai tathA nIla kA jJAna karA denA bhI jaise nIla kI arthakriyA hai, vaise hI saMbaMdha kA jJAna karA denA bhI saMbaMdha kI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 159 saMbaMdhajJAnaM ca saMbaMdhasyArthakriyA nIlasya nIlajJAnavat / taduktaM / matyA tAvadiyamarthakriyA yaduta svaviSayavijJAnotpAdanaM naameti|| viziSTArthAn parityajya nAnyA saMbaMdhitAsticet / tadabhAve kutorthAnAM pratitiSThedviziSTatA // 48 // svakAraNavazAdeSA teSAM cet saiva sNmtaa| saMbaMdhiteti bhidyeta nAma nArthaH kathaMcana // 89 // na hi saMbaMdhAbhAvAH parasparaM saMbaddhA iti viziSTatA teSAM prtitisstthtytiprsNgaat| svakAraNavazAt keSAMcideva saMbaMdhapratyayahetutAsamAnapratyayahetutAvaditicet saiva saMbaMdhitA tadvaditi nAmamAtraM bhidyate na punararthaH arthakriyA hai| so hI kahA hai-ki apane svarUpa viSaya meM anya kI buddhiyoM dvArA vijJAna utpanna karA denA hI padArthoM kI arthakriyA hai| vizeSa avasthA vAle padArthoM ko chor3akara anya koI arthoM kA saMbaMdhIpanA nahIM hai isa prakAra usa saMbaMdha ke na mAnane para arthoM kA viziSTapanA kaise pratiSThita raha sakegA? yadi apane-apane kAraNoM ke kAraNa hI una arthoM kI viziSTatA honA abhISTa hai, taba to yahA~ saMbaMdhitA sammata hI hai| isa prakAra to nAma mAtra kA hI bheda hai| artha kA bhI bheda nahIM hai| bauddha jise viziSTatA kahate haiM, jaina use saMbaMdhitA kahate haiN| zabdoM meM vyartha jhagar3A karaMnA upayukta nahIM, ataH sambandha vastubhUta hai|88-89 // sambandha kA abhAva mAnane para padArtha paraspara meM saMbaMdha ko prApta hai| isa prakAra kI viziSTatA pratiSThita nahIM ho pAtI hai kyoMki isameM atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai (arthAt paraspara meM kAlANuoM kA yA jIva kA dUsare jIva ke sAtha sambandhita ho jAne kA prasaMga aaegaa)| . bauddha - apane-apane kAraNoM kI adhInatA se kinhIM hI atyAsanna avyavahita ho rahe padArthoM kA "inake sAtha inakA saMbaMdha hai"-isa jJAna kA kAraNa ho jAtA hai| aisA kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vahI apane niyata kAraNoM se kinhIM vivakSita arthoM ke saMbaMdhitapane kA jJAna karAne vAlA saMbaMdha pariNAma hI to saMbaMdhitA hai aMta: bauddhoM ke aura jaina mata meM kevala nAma rakhane meM hI bheda hai artha kA koI bheda nahIM hai| padArthoM ke vAstavika saMbaMdha ko pUrva prakaraNoM meM vistAra se siddha kara diyA gayA hai| mile hue padArthoM kA saMbaMdhIpanA hI isa saMbaMdha kI pramANaviSayatA ko vyavasthita karAne meM avyabhicArI nirdoSa kAraNa hai, ataH isa viSaya meM adhika vivAda karane se kucha bhI sAdhya nahIM hai| nirbAdha saMbaMdhIrUpa svakIya buddhi kI vyavasthA ho jAnA hI saMbaMdha kI nija arthakriyA hai| jaise ki agni kI dAha karanA, zoSaNa karanA, pAka karanA Adi arthakriyA hai| athavA bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta saMvedana kI apanI arthakriyA svarUpa kA pratibhAsa karanA hai| (arthAt bAdhArahita saMbaMdhabuddhi karA denA saMbaMdha kI avazyaMbhAvinI arthakriyA hai| vastubhUta kAraNa se hI vastubhUta kArya utpanna ho sakatA hai)| yadi usa saMbaMdhajJAna kI kevala vAsanAoM ke nimitta se utpatti honA mAnoge taba to sampUrNa padArthoM kI sabhI arthakriyAyeM kevala vAsanAoM ko hetu mAnakara hI utpanna ho jAeMgI ataH koI bhI vastu paramArtharUpa se arthakriyA ko karane vAlI nahIM bana skegii| isa prakAra yathArthavastupana kI vyavasthA kaise hogI?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 160 prasAdhitazca saMbaMdha: paramArthiko'rthAnAM prapaMcataH prAk saMbaMdhitAsya mAnavyavasthitiheturityalaM vivAdena nirbAdhaM saMbaMdhitAyAH svabuddheH svArthakriyAyAH saMbaMdhasya vyvsthaanaat| pAvakasya dAhAdyarthakriyAvat saMvedanasya svarUpapratibhAsanavadvA tasyA vAsanAmAtranimittatve tu sarvArthakriyA sarvasya vAsanAmAtrahetukA syAditi na kiMcitparamArthatArthakriyAkArIti kuto vastutvavyavasthA paritoSahetoH pAramArthikatvepyuktaM svapnopalabdhasya tattvaprasaMgAt iti na hi tatra paritoSaH kasyacinnAstIti sarvasya sarvadA sarvatra nAstyeveti cet jAgraddazArthakriyAyAstarhi sunizcitAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvAt paramArthasattvamityAyAtaM / tathA cArthAnAM saMbaMdhitArthakriyAsaMbaMdhasya kathaM paramArthasatIti na siddhyet| na hi tatra kasyacit kadAcit bAdhakapratyaya ucyate yena sunizcitAsambhavad bAdhakatvaM na bhavet / sarvathA saMbaMdhAbhAvavAdinastatrAsti bAdhakapratyaya iti cet , sarvathA zUnyavAdinastattvopaplavavAdino brahmavAdino vA jAgradupalabdhArthakriyAyAM kiM na baadhkprtyyH| sa bhAvArtha : jJAna hI to vastuoM ke vyavasthApaka haiM aura jJAnoM ko mithyA saMskAroM se utpanna hue mAna lene para koI vastu yathArtha nahIM rahatI hai| bauddha yadi AtmA ko paritoSa ke kAraNa arthoM ko vastubhUta padArtha mAneMge to bhI vastu vyavasthA nahIM ho sakegI, isakA pUrva meM kathana kara diyA gayA hai| svapna meM dekhe hue padArthoM se bhI kucha kAla taka parituSTi ho jAtI hai ataH svapna meM jAne hue strI, dhana Adi padArthoM ko bhI pAramArthikapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| usa svapna meM dekhe hae padArtha meM kisI ko bhI prasannatA nahIM hai-aisA nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki svapna meM dekhe gae padArthoM se bhI sukha, duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai| yadi (bauddha) kaheM ki sabhI svapnadarzI prANiyoM ko sarvadA sabhI sthaloM para paritoSa nahIM hotA hai, to jaina bhI kahate haiM ki jAgatI dazA kI arthakriyA ke bAdhakoM kA asambhava nizcita ho rahA hai ata: jAgRta avasthA meM padArtha paramArtharUpa se sat siddha ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra saMbaMdha kI arthoM ko saMbaMdhI kara dene rUpa arthakriyA paramArtha rUpa se kyoM nahI siddha hogI? jAgRta avasthA meM dekhe gae ghaTa Adi padArthoM kI una jala zItalatA Adi arthakriyA ko karane meM kisI ke bhI kisI bhI samaya bAdhakajJAna utpanna nahIM hotA hai, jisase ki bAdhakoM ke nahIM hone kA acchA nizcita honApana na hotA arthAt saMbaMdha hI se utpanna arthakriyAoM kA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai, aisA nirNaya ho rahA hai| sabhI prakAra se saMbaMdha ke abhAva ko kahane vAle ke yahA~ saMbaMdha kI arthakriyA meM bAdhaka jJAna kA astitva hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para jaina bhI yaha kaha sakate haiM ki sarvathA zUnya hI jagat ko kahane vAle yA sampUrNa tattvoM kI siddhi kA cyuta honA kahane vAle, athavA advaita brahma kA pratipAdana karane vAle vAdiyoM ke yahA~ bauddhoM kI mAnI huI aura jAgate hue puruSa kI jAna lI gaI arthakriyA meM bAdhakajJAna kyoM nahI mAnA jAtA hai? una zUnyavAdI, tattvopaplavavAdI aura brahmavAdiyoM ke mantavya anusAra huA vaha bAdhakajJAna avidyA kI sAmarthya se hotA hai, vaha pramANarUpa nahIM hai| isa prakAra bauddha ke kahane para jaina kahate haiM ki padArthoM ke saMbaMdhasahita yA saMbaMdhAtmakapane se usa avidyA kI sAmarthya se dUsare bauddha vidvAnoM ko bhI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 161 teSAmavidyAbalAditi cet saMbaMdhitAyAmapi tata eva pareSAM bAdhakapratyayo na pramANabalAditi nirvivAdametat yataH saiva tarkAt saMbaMdha pratItya vartamAnorthAnAM sNbNdhitaamaabaadhmnubhvti|| tattarkasyAvisaMvAdonumA sNvaadnaadpi| visaMvAde hi tarkasya jAtu tannopapadyate // 10 // ___ na hi tarkasyAnumAnanibaMdhane saMbaMdhe saMvAdAbhAvenumAnasya saMvAda: saMbhavinizcita: saMvAdastarkasya nAsti viprakRSTArthaviSayatvAditicettarkasaMvAdasaMdehe niHzaMkAnumitiH kva te| tadabhAve na cAdhyakSaM tato nessttvyvsthitiH||91|| tasmAtpramANamicchadbhiranumeyaM svsNblaat| ciMtA ceti vivAdena paryAptaM bahunAtra naH // 12 // bAdhakajJAna utpanna ho jaaegaa| pramANa kI sAmarthya se saMbaMdhIpana meM koI bAdhaka pratyaya upasthita nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra yaha tarka jJAna kA viSaya ho rahA saMbaMdha vivAdarahita siddha ho jAtA hai| kAraNa ki vahI vAdI tarka jJAna se saMbaMdha kA nirNaya karake pravRtti karatA huA padArthoM ke saMbaMdhIpana kA bAdhArahita anubhava kara rahA hai (yukti aura anubhava se jo bAta siddha ho jAtI hai, usase vivAda nahIM hotA hai)| uttaravartI anumAna kA saMvAda ho jAne se bhI usa tarkajJAna kA avisamvAdIpanA siddha hotA hai, anyathA nahIM kyoMki tarkajJAna kA visaMvAda hone para kabhI bhI anumAna kA saMvAdIpanA nahIM ho sakatA (kAraNa ke anurUpa kArya hotA hai)||90|| __anumAna pramANa kI utpatti meM kAraNa tarka ke dvArA jAne gaye saMbaMdha meM yadi samvAda kA abhAva hogA to anumAna jJAna ke bhI samvAda hone kA nizcaya nahIM ho sktaa| - bhAvArtha : upalaMbha aura anupalaMbha ke nimitta se hone vAlI vyApti ke jJAna ko tarka kahate haiN| sAdhya aura sAdhana meM avinAbhAva sambandha ko vyApti kahate haiN| avinAbhAva sambandha kA artha hai sAdhya ke binA sAdhana kA nahIM honaa| vyApti kA jJAna sAdhya aura sAdhana ke upalaMbha aura anupalaMbha se hotA hai ata: usa sAdhya aura sAdhana ke sambandha ko batAne vAle vyApti jJAna ko svIkAra karanA hogA, anyathA anumAna jJAna utpanna nahIM ho sktaa| . ... sUkSma, vyavahita aura viprakRSTa padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA hone se tarkajJAna ke saMvAdakapanA ghaTita - tarka ke samvAda meM saMdeha karane para nizaMka anumAna kahA~ hogA? arthAt kahIM bhI pramANabhUta anumAna nahIM ho sakegA aura usa anumAna pramANa kA abhAva ho jAne para pratyakSa pramANa kI bhI siddhi nahIM ho sakegI arthAt-pratyakSa jJAnoM meM bhI pramANapanA avisamvAda Adi hetuoM se anumAna dvArA hI siddha kiyA jAtA hai| anumAna aura pratyakSa ke binA bauddhoM ke yahA~ kisI bhI iSTa padArtha kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI ata: anumAna se jAnane yogya sampUrNa pratyakSoM kA apane-apane saMvAda ke bala se pramANapanA cAhane vAle bauddhoM ke dvArA ciMtArUpa tarkajJAna ko bhI pramANa mAnanA caahie| isa prakaraNa meM hamako bahuta vivAda karane se paripUrNatA ho cukI hai vyartha ke vivAda se kyA prayojana hai?||91-92||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 162 sarveNa vAdinA tataH sveSTasiddhiH prakartavyA anyathA prlaapmaatrprsNgaat| sA ca pramANasiddhimanvAkarSati tadabhAve tdnupptteH| tatra pratyakSaM pramANamavazyamabhyupagaccha tAnumAnamurarIkartavyamanyathA tasya sAmastyenApramANavyavacchedena prmaannsiddhyyogaat| niHsaMdehamanumAna chedatsatA sAdhyasAdhanasaMbaMdhagrAhi pramANamasaMdigdhameSitavyamiti tadeva ca tarkaH tatastasya ca saMvAdo ni:saMdeha eva siddho'nyathA pralApamAtramaheyopAdeyamazlIlavijUMbhitamAyAtIti paryAptamatra bhubhirvivaadairuuhsNvaadsiddherullNghnaarhtvaat|| gRhItagrahaNAttarko'pramANamiticenna vai| tsyaapuurvaarthveditvaadupyogvishesstH||93|| pratyakSAnupalaMbhAbhyAM saMbaMdho dezato gtH| sAdhyasAdhanayostarkAtsAmastyeneti ciMtitam // 14 // pramAMtarAgRhItArthaprakAzitvaM prpNctH| prAmANyaM ca gRhItArthagrAhitvepi kathaMcana // 15 // sabhI vAdiyoM ko apane abhISTa kI siddhi avazya karanI cAhie anyathA (yAnI abhISTa siddhi kiye binA) kevala vyartha vacana kahane kA prasaMga AtA hai, aura vaha apane abhISTa kI siddhi pramANa kI siddhi ko khIMca letI hai| pramANa ke abhAva meM iSTa tattvoM kI siddhi nahIM ho pAtI hai arthAt abhISTa tattva siddhi aura pramANa siddhi kA jJApyajJApakabhAva saMbaMdha hai| pratyakSa ko pramANa AvazyakarUpa se svIkAra karane vAle ko anumAna pramANa bhI avazya svIkAra karanA pdd'egaa| anyathA (anumAna ko pramANa mAne binA) samastarUpa se usa pratyakSa ko apramANoM kA vyavaccheda kara pramANapana kI siddhi na ho skegii| anumAna ko niHsandeha pramANa svIkAra karane vAle vAdI ko sAdhya aura sAdhana ke avinAbhAva saMbaMdha ko grAhaka pramANa kA saMzaya rahita anveSaNa karanA cAhie aura vahI tarka jJAna hai| usa tarka se saMbaMdha ke jJAna kA bAdhArahita rUpa saMvAda honA ni:saMzaya siddha ho hI jAtA hai| anyathA (yAnI saMvAda kI siddhi hue binA cAhe jaisI zaMkA karanA yA apane tattvoM kI siddhi karanA) kevala vyartha vacana kahanA hai| vaha heya aura upAdeya tattvoM kI vyavasthA karAne vAlA nahIM hai| isa prakaraNa meM bahuta se vivAda karane kyA prayojana hai? tarkajJAna ke samvAda hone kI siddhi aba ullaMghana karane yogya nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : jo bauddha Adi vidvAna pratyakSoM ko pramANa mAnate haiM, unheM kAlAntara, dezAntara aura puruSAntaroM ke pratyakSoM ko pramANapanA siddha karane ke lie anumAna kI zaraNa lenA Avazyaka hai aura anumAna pramANa kI utpatti vyApti jJAna ko pramANa mAne binA nahIM ho sakatI hai, ata: tarkajJAna pramANa hai| gRhIta grAhIhone se tarkajJAna apramANa hai, aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki saMbaMdha ko jAnane meM tarkakA hI vizeSa upayoga hone se tarka ko apUrva artha kA nizcaya karanA prApta hai| pahale pratyakSa aura anupalambha dvArA ekadeza se saMbaMdha jAnA gayA thA aura tarka se sAdhya sAdhana kA saMbaMdha sampUrNarUpa se jAna liyA jAtA hai| isakA hama vistAra se pUrva meM vicAra kara cuke haiM, ataH anya pramANoM se grahaNa nahIM kiye gaye artha kA prakAzakapanA tarka meM ghaTa jAtA hai tathA kathaMcit gRhIta artha kA grAhaka hote hue bhI tarkajJAna kA prAmANya pratiSThita ho jAtA hai arthAt anubhUta padArtha kA grahaNa karane vAlA bhI tarkajJAna kisI sambandha vizeSa kI apekSA agRhIta grAhI hone se pramANabhUta hai|93-94-95||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *163 kiM c| liMgajJAnAdvinA nAsti liNgijnyaanmitiissyti| yathA tasya tadAyattavRttitA na tadarthitA // 16 // prtykssaanuplNbhaadevinaanubhuutitstthaa| tarkasya tajjJatA jAtu na tadgocarataH smRtA // 17 // na hi yadyadAtmalAbhakAraNaM tattasya viSaya eva liMgajJAnasya liMgijJAnaviSayatvaprasaMgAt pratyakSasya ca cakSurAdigocaratApatteH / svAkArArpaNakSamakAraNaM viSaya iti cet kathamidAnI pratyakSAnupalaMbhayostarkAtmalAbhanimittayorviSayaM svAkAramanarpayatamUhAya sAkSAtkAraNabhAvaM cAnubhavataM tarkaviSayamAcakSatIta? tathAcakSANo vA kathamanumAnanibaMdhanasya liMgajJAnasya viSayamanumAnagocaratayA pratyakSaM prAcakSIta? na cedvikssiptH| tato na pratyakSAnupalaMbhArthagrAhI trkH| sarvathA kathaMcittadarthagrAhitvaM tu tasya nApramANatAM viruNaddhi prtykssaanumaanvdityuktN|| ___ athavA, jaise hetujJAna ke binA sAdhya kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai, usa sAdhya jJAna ko usa hetujJAna ke AdhIna hokara pravRtti hone se hI jAnA jAtA hai| vaise hI usa hetujJAna kA sAdhyajJAna dvArA viSaya ho jAnApana nahIM jAnA jAtA hai, apitu sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva sambandha se jAnA jAtA hai||96|| bhAvArtha : sAdhyajJAna kA utpAdaka kAraNa hetujJAna hai, avalamba kAraNa nahIM hai| jJApaka hetu aura kAraka hetuoM meM antara hai| sAdhya kA jJAna karAne meM anumAna jJAna svataMtra hai parantu usa anumAna kI utpatti hetujJAna ke adhIna hai? usI prakAra pratyakSa, anupalambha, abhyAsa Adi kAraNoM ke binA tarkajJAna kI bhI utpatti nahIM ho pAtI hai| una pratyakSa aura anupalambha Adi ke viSayoM ko jAnane kI apekSA se una kAraNoM kA jAna lenA tarka meM kabhI bhI nahIM mAnA gayA hai| tarkajJAna ke utpAdaka kAraNa upalambha anupalambharUpa jJAna haiM kintu pratyakSa yA anupalambha ke jAne hue viSaya ko tarkajJAna nahIM chUtA hai jaise ki anumAna apane utpAdaka hetu jJAna ko yA hetu ko viSaya nahIM karatA hai| ata: tarkajJAna apUrva artha kA grAhaka hai||97|| - jo padArtha jisake AtmalAbha kA kAraNa hai, vaha usa jJAna ke jAnane yogya viSaya hotA hai, yaha koI niyama nahIM hai| aisA niyama karane para to hetujJAna ko sAdhya jJAna meM viSayapana ho jAne kA prasaMga AyegA tathA ghaTa kA pratyakSa jaise ghaTa ko jAnatA hai, usI prakAra cakSu, kSayopazama Adi ko bhI viSaya karane laga jAegA jo ki cAkSuSa pratyakSa ke utpAdaka kAraNa haiM, yaha Apatti hogii| jJAna kA jo kAraNa svajanya jJAna meM apane AkAra kA arpaNa karane ke lie samartha hai, vaha jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai| aisA kahane para to hama syAdvAdI bhI kaha sakate haiM ki isa samaya bauddha tarka jJAna kI Atmalabdhi ke nimitta kA kAraNa pratyakSa aura anupalambha ko tarkajJAna kA viSaya kaise kaha sakate haiM? pratyakSa aura anupalambha yadyapi tarka jJAna ke avyavahita kAraNapana kA anubhava kara rahe haiM, tarka jJAna ke lie apane AkAra kA samarpaNa nahIM kara rahe hai| aisI dazA meM pratyakSa jJAna aura anupalambha jJAna dvArA jAna liyA gayA viSaya tarkajJAna se kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai? tarkajJAna ko tathA anumAna ke kAraNabhUta liGga jJAna ke pratyakSa viSaya ko anumAna kA viSaya ho jAne se anumeya kyoM nahIM kahatA hai? athavA liGga jJAna ke viSaya ko anumAna kA viSaya par3a jAne se pratyakSapane kA kyoM nahIM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 164 samAropavyavacchedAtsvArthe tarkasya maantaa| laiMgikajJAnavannaiva virodhamanudhAvati // 18 // pravRttazca samAropaH sAdhyasAdhanayoH kvacit / saMbaMdhe tarkato mAturvyavacchedyeta kasyacit // 19 // sNvaadkoprsiddhaarthsaadhnstdvyvsthitH| samAropachidUhotra mAnaM matinibaMdhanaH // 100 // pramANamUhaH saMvAdakatvAdaprasiddhArthasAdhanatvAt samAropavyavaccheditvAtpramANabhUtamatijJAnanibaMdhanatvAdanumAnAdivaditi sUktaM buddhyaamhe| nanUho matiH svayaM na punarmatinibaMdhana iti cenna, mativizeSasya tasya pratyAkhyAna kara dete haiM aura isa prakAra kahane vAlA vaha unmatta kyoM nahIM samajhA jAtA? arthAt jo jJAna ko janma dene vAle kAraNoM ko viSaya yogya banAtA hai, vaha avazya unmatta hai, ata: sarvathA pratyakSa aura anupalambha ke dvArA grahaNa kiye gaye arthoM kA grAhaka tarkajJAna nahIM hai apitu una pratyakSa anupalambhoM se kathaMcit gRhIta hue arthoM kA grahaNa karanA usa tarkajJAna kI pramANatA kA virodha nahIM karatA hai| jaise aneka pratyakSa aura anumAna kathaMcit pUrva artha ko jAnate hue bhI pramANabhUta haiN| isakA pahale vistAra sahita kathana kara diyA gayA hai| __ apane viSayabhUta padArtha meM utpanna saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya aura ajJAnarUpa samAropoM kA nirAkaraNa karane vAlA hone se tarka jJAna pramANa hai, jaise ki sAdhya ko jAnane meM saMzaya Adi ko dUra karane vAlA anumAna jJAna pramANa hai; isameM virodha doSa kA anusaraNa nahIM hai||98|| sAdhya aura sAdhana ke kisI kAryakAraNa bhAva, vyApya-vyApakabhAva, pUrvacarabhAva, uttaracarabhAva Adi saMbaMdhoM meM yadi saMzaya ajJAnarUpa samAropa hotA hai, to vaha samAropa kisI bhI pramAtA (AtmA) ke tarkajJAna dvArA nirAkRta ho jAtA hai||19|| vaha tarkajJAna saMvAdaka aura apUrva artha kA grAhaka tathA samAropa kA vyavacchedaka evaM upalambha anupalambharUpa matijJAna ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna huA hai ata: una matijJAna ke prakAroM meM UhajJAna (tarkajJAna) pramANa siddha hai||100|| ___bAdhA rahita pramANAntaroM kI pravRttirUpa saMvAda kA janaka hone se, apUrva artha kA grAhaka hone se, (prasiddha artha kA kAraNa hone se), saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya aura ajJAna rUpa samAropa kA nivartaka hone se aura pramANabhata upalambha, anupalambharUpa matijJAna aura dhAraNA, smati. pratyabhijJAnarUpa matijJAne ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hone se tarkajJAna pramANa hai| arthAt tarkajJAna matijJAna ke bheda dhAraNA, pratyabhijJAna ke kAraNa se utpanna hotA hai aura vyApya, vyApaka Adi hetuoM meM utpanna hone vAle saMzaya Adi samAropoM kA vinAzaka hai tathA sAdhya aura sAdhana se sambandha ko batAne vAlA hai tathA sAdhya-sAdhana kA sambandha anya jJAna se jAnA nahIM jAtA ata: yaha jJAna apUrva arthagrAhI hai isalie pramANabhUta hai| jaise anumAna, Agama Adi jJAna pramANa haiN| isa prakAra uparyukta prakaraNa meM tarka ko jJAna kahA gayA hai yaha siddha hai, aisA hama samajhate zaMkA : Uha (tarka jJAna) svayaM matijJAna hai, para matijJAna rUpa kAraNoM se utpanna huA nahIM hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki smaraNa nAma ke matijJAna meM jaise anubhava nAma kA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 165 pUrvamativizeSanibaMdhanatvAvirodhAt saadhnsyaasiddhtvaayogaat| na ca tannibaMdhanatvaM pramANatvena vyAptamanumAnena svayaM pratipannaM liMgajJAnaM mativizeSapUrvakatvasya pramANatvavyAptasya tatra prtiitervybhicaaraabhaavaat| zrutena vyabhicAra iti cena, tasya prmaanntvvyvsthaapnaat| tadavyabhicAriNo matinibaMdhanatvAtsaMvAdakatvAdevoha: pramANaM vyavatiSThata nanUhasyApi saMbaMdhe svArthe nAdhyakSato gtiH| sAdhyasAdhanasaMbaMdhe yathA naapynumaantH||101|| tasyohAMtarata: siddhau kvAnavasthAnivAraNaM / tatsaMbaMdhasya cAsiddhau nohaH syAditi kecana // 102 // nanUhasyApi svArthairUjhaiH saMbaMdhobhyupagaMtavyastasya ca sAdhyasAdhanasyeva nAdhyakSAdgatistAvato vyApArAt kartumazakteH sannihitArthagrAhitvAcca savikalpasyApi prtyksssy| nApyanumAnato'navasthAprasaMgAt tasyApi matijJAna kAraNa par3atA hai, usI prakAra usa tarka nAmaka vizeSa matijJAna ke kAraNa usake pUrva meM hue dUsare smRti, pratyabhijJAna, upalambha, anupalambha Adi matijJAna vizeSa haiM isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| matijJAna ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna honApana, hetu pakSa meM rahane se asiddha hetvAbhAsa bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki anumAnarUpa dRSTAnta meM matijJAnarUpa kAraNa se utpanna honA rUpa hetu pramANapanarUpa sAdhya ke sAtha vyApti ko rakhatA huA svayaM nahIM jAnA gayA hai, kyoMki hetu kA jJAnarUpa vizeSa matijJAna ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna honApana pramANatvarUpa sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhatA hai| usa hetu kI vahA~ anumAna meM pratIti hone kA koI vyabhicAra nahIM hai| kisI kA kathana hai ki matijJAna ko kAraNa mAnakara zrutajJAna utpanna huA hai, kintu usa zrutajJAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnA hai, ata: sAdhya ke na rahane para bhI zrutajJAna meM hetu ke raha jAne se jainoM kA hetu anaikAntika hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM, aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki usa zrutajJAna ko pramANapanA vyavasthita hai, ata: yaha hetu usa pramANapana ke sAtha avyabhicArIrUpa matinibaMdhanatva aura saMvAdaka hone se tarkajJAna ke pramANapanA vyavasthita ho hI jAtA hai| zaMkA : tarka jJAna se jAne gaye padArthoM kA apane sAdhya sAdhana saMbaMdha ko jAnane meM jaise pratyakSa se gati nahIM hai, usI prakAra anumAna se bhI usa saMbaMdha ko nahIM jAnA jA sakatA hai, yadi tarka se jAne gaye padArthoM kA apane jJApaka kAraNoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha kA jAnanA punaH dUsare tarkoM se siddha kiyA jAegA taba to anavasthA doSa kA nivAraNa kaise ho sakatA hai? arthAt tarka ke AtmalAbha meM dUsare tarka kI aura dUsare tarka meM tIsare tarka kI AkAMkSA bar3hatI jAne se anavasthA doSa AtA hai| yadi Uha se jAnane yogya padArthoM kA kisI jJApaka ke sAtha saMbaMdha hone kI siddhi na mAnI jAegI taba to UhajJAna pramANa nahIM ho skegaa| (sambandha ko jAne binA utpanna huA UhAjJAna mithyAjJAna ho jAtA hai) isa prakAra koI (bauddha) kahate haiN||101-102|| (tarkajJAna ko pramANa nahIM mAnane vAlA bauddha kahatA hai ki) UhajJAna kA bhI apane jAnane yogya taLa padArthoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha grahaNa karanA svIkAra karanA cAhie. parantu sAdhya-sAdhana ke usa saMbaMdha kA jJAna pratyakSa se to nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaise sAdhya aura sAdhana ke sambandha ko pratyakSa nahIM jAnatA hai kyoMki utane vyApAroM ko pratyakSajJAna nahIM kara sakatA hai| (arthAt jo-jo dhUmavAn pradeza haiM, ve saba agnimAna haiN| yA sAdhya ke
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 166 hyanumAnasya pravRttirliMgaliMgisaMbaMdhanizcayAt sa cohAttasyApi pravRttiH svArthasaMbaMdhanizcayAt sopyanumAnAMtarAditi tasyohAMtarAtsiddhau kveymnvsthaanivRttiH| yadi punarayamUhaH svArthasaMbaMdhasiddhimanapekSamANaH svaviSaye pravartate tadAnumAnasyApi tathA pravRttirastviti vyarthamUhaparikalpanamiti kshcit|| tanna pratyakSavattasya yogyatAbalataH sthiteH| svArthaprakAzakatvasya kvaanythaadhykssnisstthitiH||103|| yogyatAbalAdUhasya svArthaprakAzakatvaM vyavatiSThata eva pratyakSavat / na hi pratyakSa svvissysNbNdhgrhnnaapekssmnvsthaaprsNgaat| tathAhigrAhyagrAhakabhAvo vA saMbaMdhonyopi kshcn| svArthe na gRhyate kena pratyakSasyeti ciMtyatAm // 104 // hone para hI yaha hetu rahatA hai, sAdhya ke na hone para hetu nahIM rahatA hai| isakA utthApaka jJApakoM ko jAnane meM nirvikalpa pratyakSaM kA vyApAra nahIM calatA hai)|kyoNki AkAra rUpa savikalpa pratyakSajJAna ke bhI sannikaTa vartamAnakAla ke arthoM ke hI grAhyapanA hai| arthAt pratyakSajJAna vartamAna ke padArthoM ko hI jAnatA hai, tathA anumAna se bhI Uhya padArthoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha kI jJapti nahIM ho pAtI hai, kyoMki isameM anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| usa saMbaMdhagrAhI anamAna kI pravatti bhI heta aura sAdhya ke sambandha kA nizcaya ho jAne se hotI hai| saMbaMdha kA nizcaya to tarka se hI hotA hai, puna: usa tarka kI pravRtti bhI apane jAnane yogya arthoM ke sAtha jJApakoM kA saMbaMdha nizcaya ho jAne se hotI hai, phira vaha tarka ke utpAdaka saMbaMdha kI jJapti anya anumAnoM se hogii| isI prakAra usa anumAna kI anya tarka jJAnoM se siddhi mAnI jAegI, aisI dazA meM anavasthA doSa kI nivRtti kaise ho sakatI hai? yadi puna: yaha tarkajJAna apane viSayabhUta arthoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha ke jJAna kI siddhi kI apekSA nahIM karatA huA apane viSaya meM pravRtti karatA hai, taba to Uha ke dvArA saMbaMdha grahaNa karane kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle anumAna kI hI apane viSaya meM pravRtti ho jaayegii| ata: UhajJAna kI eka pRthak kalpanA vyartha hai-aisA koI bauddha kahatA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki samAdhAna - bauddha kA yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyakSa ke samAna usa tarka kA bhI svaviSaya prakAzakapanA yogyatA kI sAmarthya se prasiddha hai anyathA (yAnI yogyatA kI sAmarthya ko mAne binA) sva artha prakAzakatva pratyakSajJAna kI bhI vyavasthA kaise ho skegii?| arthAt-svAvaraNoM kI kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA dvArA apane viSayoM kA saMbaMdha kara pratyakSajJAna jaise niyata padArthoM ko jAna letA hai, usI prakAra tarka apanI yogyatA se dezAntara, kAlAntaravartI aneka padArthoM ke saMbaMdha kA parokSa jJAna kara letA hai||103|| pratyakSa ke samAna UhAjJAna kA bhI svArtha-prakAzakatva apanI yogyatA kI sAmarthya se vyavasthita hI hai| pratyakSajJAna apane jAnane yogya viSayoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha ke grahaNa kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai| yadi pratyakSa kI utpatti meM bhI saMbaMdha kA grahaNa honA mAnoge to anavasthA kA prasaMga aayegaa| isako granthakAra spaSTa karate pratyakSa kA apane viSaya ke sAtha grAhya grAhaka bhAva saMbaMdha yA viSayaviSayIbhAva saMbaMdha athavA aura koI tadutpatti, tadAkAra saMbaMdha hai? vaha sambandha kisa svArtha ke dvArA pratyakSa grahaNa kiyA jAegA? isakA kucha samaya taka ciMtana karo kyoMki pratyakSa ke utpAdaka saMbaMdha ko pratyakSa dvArA jAnane para anavasthA doSa AtA hai arthAt pratyakSa utpAdaka sambandha ko pratyakSa jJAna nahIM jAna sakatA // 104 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 167 pratyakSasyApi svArthe saMbaMdho grAhyagrAhakabhAvaH kAryakAraNabhAvo vAbhyupagaMtavya evAnyathA tataH svArthapratipattiniyamAyogAdatiprasaMgAt / sa ca yadi gRhIta evAdhyakSapravRttinimittaM tadA kena gRhyata iti ciMtyaM svena pratyakSAMtareNAnumAnena vaa|| svatazcettAdRzAkArA pratIti: svaatmnisstthitaa| nAsau ghaToyamityevamAkArAyAH prtiititH||105|| prtykssaaNtrtshcenaapynvsthaanussNgtH| tatsaMbaMdhasya cAnyena pratyakSeNa vinizcayAt // 106 // nAnumAnena tasyApi pratyakSAyattatA sthiteH| anavasthAprasaMgasya tadavasthatvatastarAm // 107 // svasaMvedanataH siddhe svArthasaMvedanasya cet / saMbaMdhokSadhiyaH svArthe siddha kshcidtiiNdriyH||108|| pratyakSa kA bhI apane grAhyaviSaya meM grAhya-grAhakabhAva, kAryakAraNabhAva athavA viSayaviSayIbhAva rUpa koI sambandha avazya svIkAra karanA hI par3egA anyathA usa pratyakSa se apane grAhya arthoM kI pratIti karane ke niyama kA ayoga hone se atiprasaMga doSa bhI aayegaa| arthAt sambandha ko nahIM prApta hue dezAntara, kAlAntara ke padArthoM ko bhI pratyakSa jAna sakegA, ataH sambandha jAnanA Avazyaka hai| yadi vaha sambandha kisI jJAna se gRhIta hokara hI adhyakSa kI pravRtti kA nimitta kAraNa banegA, to vaha sambandha punaH kisa jJAna se jJAta hogA? isakA vicAra karanA cAhie, kyA vaha pratyakSa svayaM apane se hI apane utthApaka sambandha kA jJAna kara legA? yA pratyakSoM aura anumAnAntaroM ke dvArA pratyakSa ke kAraNa sambandha kI jJapti karegA? vaha tAdRzAkAra sambandha kI jJapti svayaM apane pratyakSa svarUpa meM pratiSThita pratIta nahI hotA hai| arthAt koI bhI pratyakSa svayaM apane Apa sambandha ko nahIM jAna rahA hai| kyoMki vaha ghaTa hai' 'yaha pustaka hai' isa prakAra AkAra vAlI pratyakSa dvArA pratItiyA~ ho rahI haiM, inameM sambandha pratibhAsita nahIM hai| dvitIya vikalpa ke anusAra anya pratyakSoM se sambandha kA grahaNa honA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki isameM anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| sambandha kA aura una pratyakSoM ke utthApaka sambandhoM kA bhI nirNaya pRthak-pRthak anya pratyakSoM ke dvArA hI kiyA jAtA hai||105-106|| tathA, anumAna ke dvArA pratyakSa ke utthApaka usa sambandha kA grahaNa honA bhI nahIM banatA hai, kyoMki usa anumAna kI bhI sthiti pratyakSa ke adhIna hai ataH usa pratyakSa ke lie puna: anumAna dvArA sambandha grahaNa karanA AkAMkSita hogA, ata: anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga vaisA kA vaisA hI rhegaa||107|| apane viSayabhUta artha kI jJapti karane vAle indriyajanya jJAna kA apane artha meM sambandha kA grahaNa yadi svasaMvedana se hI siddha huA mAnA jAvegA (arthAt sva ke dvArA yogya artha kA jJAna karA denA hI sambandha kA grahaNa hai) taba to koI atIndriya sambandha siddha ho jAtA hai, jisakA ki dUsarA nAma kSayopazama hai| athavA svArthasaMvedana kI svasaMvedana kI svasaMvedana se siddhi hone ke kAraNa yadi indriyajanya jJAna kA koI labdhirUpa atIndriya sambandha siddha hai to vaha kSayopazama nAma kI yaha yogyatA hI hai| yaha yogyatA isa tarkajJAna meM bhI samAna hai| tarkajJAna ke viSayabhUta sambandha ke jJAna kI svataH saMvitti hone se vaha yogyatA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 168 kSayopazamasaMjJeyaM yogyatAtra smaantaa| saiva tarkasya saMbaMdhajJAnasaMvittitaH svtH||109|| na pratyakSaM svArthe saMbaMdhagrahaNApekSaM pravartate kvacidakasmAttatpravRttidarzanAt / kiM tarhi / tasya svasaMvedanAdivatsvArthagrahaNasiddhiH svatoMtIMdriyaH kshcitsNbNdhH| svArthAnumAnaH siddhayediticet saiva yogyatA svAvaraNakSayopazamAkhyA pratyakSasyArthaprakAzanahe turiha smaayaataa| tarka syApi svayaM vyAptigrahaNAnubhavAttajjJAnAvaraNakSayopazamarUpA yogyatAnumIyamAnA siddhyatu pratyakSavadanavasthAparihArasyAnyathA krtumshkteH| nanu ca yathA tarkasya svaviSayasaMbaMdhagrahaNamanapekSamANasya pravRttistathAnumAnasyApi sarvatra jJAne svAvaraNakSayopazamasya svaarthprkaashnheturvishessaat| tatonarthakameva tatsaMbaMdhagrahaNAya tarkaparikalpanamiticet , satyamanumAnasyApi svayogyatA grahaNanirapekSakamanumeyArthaprakAzanaM na punarutpattiliMgaliMgisaMbaMdhagrahaNanirapekSAstyaniyAmaka mAnI jAtI hai| arthAt pratyakSajJAna jaise ghaTa ko jAnane meM svataMtra hai, utpatti hone meM bhale hI indriya Adika kI apekSA kareM vaise hI apanI yogyatA anusAra anumAna jJAna sAdhya ko jAnane meM svataMtra hai, usI prakAra tarkajJAna bhI yogyatA ke vaza apane sAdhya aura sAdhana ke sambandha ko viSaya karane meM svataMtra hai| 108-109 // (bauddha) apane viSaya meM pratyakSa pramANa sambandha ke grahaNa kI apekSA rakhatA huA pravRtti nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki kisI eka viSaya meM akasmAt usakI pravRtti honA dekhA jAtA hai to, kyA hai? aisI jijJAsA hone para uttara hai ki svasaMvedana, citravedana Adi ke samAna usa pratyakSa kI svArtha ko grahaNa karane kI siddhi ho rahI hai arthAt indriya, AtmA, viSaya Adi kI yogyatA milane para spaSTa indriyajanyapratyakSa ho jAtA hai koI sambandha kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isa prakAra to svata: koI atIndriya sambandha svArtha anumAna siddha hotA hai? arthAt svArtha ke niyatarUpa se grahaNa kiye jAne rUpa kArya ko dekhakara kisI-na-kisI atIndriya sambandha kA anumAna ho jAne se indriyoM dvArA nahIM jAnane yogya sambandha siddha ho jAtA hai| bauddha ke aisA kahane para jaina kahate haiM-vahI viSayaviSayIbhAva kA niyAmaka sambandha to vaha yogyatA hai jisakA nAma svAvaraNakarmoM kA kSayopazama hai| vahI yogyatA pratyakSa ke dvArA niyata arthoM ke prakAza karane kA hetu hai| tarkajJAna kI svayaM vyApti ke grahaNarUpa anubhava se usa tarkajJAna ke AvaraNa karane vAle karmoM kI kSayopazama rUpa yogyatA bhI anumAna se jAnI gaI siddha hotI hai| anyathA (yAnI yogyatA ko mAne binA) anavasthA doSa kA parihAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise ki pratyakSa meM yogyatA ko mAne binA anavasthA kA parihAra nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaise apane sambandharUpa viSaya meM anya sambandha ke grahaNa kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle tarkajJAna kI apane viSaya meM pravRtti honA mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI anumAna kI bhI apane viSaya sAdhya ko jAnane meM vyAptirUpa sambandha ke grahaNa kI apekSA nahIM hokara hI pravRtti mAnanI cAhie kyoMki sabhI jJAnoM meM apaneapane AvaraNoM kI kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA hI svArtha ke prakAza karane meM hetu hai| pratyakSa yA tarka se anumAna meM koI vizeSatAM nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 169 gRhItatatsaMbaMdhasya pratipattuH kvcitkdaacidnutpttinishcyaat| naivaM pratyakSasyotpattirapi karaNArthasaMbaMdhagrahaNApekSA svayamagRhItatatsaMbaMdhasyApi punastadutpattidarzanAt / tadvadUhasyApyatIMdriyAtmArthasaMbaMdhagrahaNanirapekSasyotpattidarzanAnotpattAvapi saMbaMdhagrahaNApekSatvamiti yuktaM trkH|| pramANaviSayasyAyaM sAdhako na punaH svyN| pramANaM tarka ityetatkasyacidvyAhataM matam // 110 // pramANaviSaye zuddhiH kathaM naamaaprmaanntH| prameyAMtarato mithyaajnyaanaaccaittprsNgtH||111|| bhAvArtha : anumAna jJAna vyApti grahaNa hue binA bhI apanI yogyatA se hI sAdhya ko jAna legA, ataH usa sambandha ko grahaNa karane ke lie tarkajJAna kI kalpanA karanA vyartha hI hai| isa prakAra kI zaMkA ke pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki tumhArA kahanA ThIka hai| anumAna ke dvArA bhI apanI yogyatA ke bala se sambandha ke grahaNa kI nahIM apekSA rakhane vAle anumeya artha kA pratibhAsa honA hamako abhISTa hai kintu anumAna kI utpatti to hetu aura sAdhya ke sambandharUpa vyApti ke grahaNa kI nahIM apekSA rakhane vAlI nahIM hai| jisa puruSa ne una hetu aura sAdhya kA sambandha grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai, usa pratipattA ko kisI bhI sthala meM kabhI bhI anumAna kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai, aisA nizcaya hai| anumAna ke utpanna ho jAne para svataMtratA se anumAna dvArA anumeya artha kA prakAza ho jAtA hai, kintu usakI utpatti to svataMtra nahIM hai, kyoMki anumAna ko utpanna karAne meM smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, pratyakSa ina pramANoM kI AvazyakatA hai, ataH sAdhya ko jAnane vAlA anumAna svataMtra hai, kintu apanI utpatti meM sambandha grahaNa kI apekSA rakhatA hai, ataH parataMtra bhI hai| isa prakAra pratyakSa kI utpatti bhI indriya aura artha ke sambandha kA grahaNa karane kI apekSA nahIM rakhatI hai, kyoMki jisa puruSa ne una indriya aura arthoM ke sambandha ko svayaM grahaNa nahIM bhI kiyA hai, usake bhI phira usa pratyakSa ke samAna tarkajJAna kI bhI indriya agocara AtmA aura artha ke sambandha ko grahaNa nahIM karane kI apekSA rakhate hue bhI utpatti dekhI jAtI hai| tarka kI utpatti meM bhI sambandha ke grahaNa kI apekSA nahIM hai, ataH tarkajJAna meM anavasthA doSa nahIM AtA hai| isa prakAra matijJAna kA eka bheda tarkajJAna mAnanA yukta 'anumAna pramANa ke viSaya kA sAdhaka yA parizodhaka tarkajJAna svayaM to pramANa nahIM hai (arthAt jo jJAna pramANa kA sAdhaka hai vaha pramANa hI ho, yaha koI niyama nahIM hai), ataH anumAna pramANa kA sAdhaka tarkajJAna ekAntarUpa se pramANa nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra yaha kisI kA kathana vyAghAta doSa se yukta hai, kyoMki, pramANa ke viSaya meM apramANa jJAna se zuddhi kaise ho sakatI hai? anyathA (yAnI apramANa padArtha se pramANa kI zuddhi honA mAnA jAyegA to) dUsare ghaTa, paTa Adi prameyoM se athavA saMzaya Adika mithyAjJAnoM se bhI isa pramANa viSaya ke zodhakapane kA prasaMga AyegA // 110-111 // prazna : jaise saMzayita arthoM meM nirNaya karane ke lie pramANoM kI pravRtti honA loka meM dekhA jAtA hai, usI prakAra tarka se jAne gaye viSayoM meM bhI nirNayArtha manuSyoM kI pravRtti hotI hai, ata: yaha bhI saMzaya -- jJAna hogA ?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *170 yathA saMzayitArtheSu pramANAnAM pravartanaM / nirNayAya tathA loke tarkiteSviti cenmatam // 112 // saMzayaH sAdhakaH prAptaH pramANArthasya te tthaa| nApramANatvatastarkaH pramANamanumanyatAm // 113 // sa cetsaMzayajAtIyaH sNshyaatpRthgaasthitH| kathaM padArthasaMkhyAnaM nAnyathAstviti tvaznute // 114 // tasmAtpramANakartavyakAriNo veditaatmnH| sattarkasyApramANatvamavitaLa pracakSyate // 115 // pramANaM tarkaH pramANakartavyakAritvAt pratyakSAdivat pratyayasAdhanaM pramANakartavyaM tatkArI ca tarkaH prasiddha iti nAsiddho hetuH / nApyanaikAMtiko'pramANe vipakSe vRttybhaavaat| na hi prameyAMtaraM saMzayAdi vA pramANaviSayasya sAdhanaM virodhaat| tatastarkasthapramANaviSayasAdhakatvamicchatA prmaanntvmupgNtvym| kiM casamyak tarkaH pramANaM syaattthaanugraahktvtH| pramANasya yathAdhyakSamanumAnAdi cAznute // 116 // anugrAhakatA vyAptA pramANatvena lkssyte| pratyakSAdau tathAbhAse naagmaanugrhkssteH||117|| uttara : isa prakAra kahane vAle ke abhimata meM saMzaya jJAna bhI pramANa artha kA sAdhaka ho jAyegA, ata: apramANapane se saMzayajJAna kI jo vyavasthA thI vaha nahIM raha sktii| isI prakAra pramANa ke sAdhaka tarkajJAna ko bhI pramANa mAna lenA caahie| yadi tarka ko saMzaya kI jAti vAlA mAnA jAyegA, to vaha saMzaya se bhinna nahIM hogaa| aisI dazA meM padArtha kI saMkhyA karanA dUsare prakAra se kyoM nahIM ho jAegI ? dravya, guNa Adi meM to tarka nahIM ginAyA hai, ataH svayaM apane svarUpa ko jAnane vAle aura pramANa se karane yogya kArya ko banAne vAle samIcIna tarkajJAna ko apramANa kahanA binA vicAra kA hai arthAt vicAra karane para tarkajJAna kI pramANatA siddha hai||112-113-114-115|| pramANa se karane yogya kAryoM kA karane vAlA hone se tarkajJAna pramANa hai jaise pratyakSa, anumAna Adika jJAna pramANa haiN| pramANa kA kartavya pratIti kA sAdhana karanA hai| usakA karane vAlA tarkajJAna prasiddha hI hai| isalie hetu ke pakSa meM rahane se pratIti rUpa hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa bhI nahIM hai, tathA yaha hetu vyabhicArI bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki saMzaya Adika apramANarUpa vipakSoM meM pramANa karttavyakAritva hetu nahIM rahatA hai| pratiyogI ke sadRza ko pakar3ane vAle paryudAsa pakSa ke anusAra apramANa saMzaya Adika haiM aura 'natra' dvArA sarvathA niSedha ko hI karane vAle prasajyaniSedha ke anusAra ghaTa, paTa Adi apramANa haiN| ve sabhI itara prameya athavA saMzaya Adika apramANa padArtha pramANaviSaya ke sAdhaka nahIM haiN| pramANa dvArA sAdhane yogya kArya ko karane kA inameM virodha hai, ataH tarka ko pramANa viSaya kA sAdhakapanA cAhane vAle vAdI ko usakA pramANapanA svIkAra kara lenA cAhie aura bhI eka yaha bAta hai ki pramANoM kA anugraha karane vAlA hone se samIcIna tarkajJAna pramANa hai, jisa prakAra pratyakSa aura anumAna Adika pramANa pramANapana ko vyApta kara lene se pramANa haiM jaisA pramANoM kA anugraha karanA rUpa hetu pramANapanarUpa sAdhya se vyApta pratyakSa Adi dRSTAntoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| isa prakAra kA anugrahapana pramANAbhAsoM meM nahIM dikhatA hai, kyoMki yadi pramANAbhAsa meM anugrahatA svIkAra kI jAvegI to Agama ke anugraha karA dene kA pratyakSa Adi meM jo nirNaya hotA hai, usakI kSati ho jaayegii| (arthAt satyavaktA ke dvArA jJAta agni
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 171 yasminnarthaM pravRttaM hi pramANaM kiNcidaaditH| tatra pravRttiranyasya yAnugrAhakatAtra saa||118|| pUrvanirNItadADhaLasya vidhaanaadbhidhiiyte| uttareNa tu tadyuktamapramANena jAtucit // 119 // svayaM pramANAnAmanugrAhakaM tarkamicchannApramANaM pratipattuM samartho virodhaat| pramANasAmaNyaMtarbhUtaH kazcittarkaH pramANamiSTa eveti cenna, tasya svayaM prmaanntvopptteH| tathAhi-pramANaM tarka: sAkSAtparaMparayA ca svArthanizcayane phale sAdhakatamatvAtpratyakSavat svaviSayabhUtasya sAdhyasAdhanasaMbaMdhAjJAnanivRttirUpe sAkSAtsvArthanizcayane phale sAdhakatamastarkaH paraMparayA tu svArthAnumAne hAnopAdAnopekSAjJAne vA prasiddha evetyupsNhiyte|| tatastarkaH pramANaM naH syaatsaadhktmtvtH| svArthanizcayane sAkSAdasAkSAccAnyamAnavat // 120 // ke AgamajJAna kA dhUmahetu se utpanna anumAna dvArA aura agni ke pratyakSa dvArA anugraha kara diyA jAtA hai ata: anumAna aura pratyakSa jaise pramANa haiM, usI prakAra anumAna kA upakAraka hone se tarkajJAna bhI pramANa hai)| 116-117 // jisa artha meM koI bhI pramANa prathama se pravRtta hotA hai, usI viSaya meM anya pramANoM kI pravRtti ho jAnA yahA~ anugrAhakapanA mAnA gayA hai| vaha anugrAhakatA bhI pahale se nirNIta kiye gaye artha kI adhika dRr3hatA kA vidhAna karane se kahI jAtI hai| uttarakAlavartI pramANarUpa jJAna se pUrvanirNIta artha kI dRr3hatA kI jA sakatI hai| apramANajJAna meM yA apramANajJAna ke dvArA dRr3hatA kabhI nahIM ho sakatI hai, ataH dRr3hatA kA sampAdaka tarkajJAna pramANa hai||118-119|| pramANoM kA anugraha karAne vAle tarka jJAna ko svayaM cAhatA huA vidvAn isa tarka ko apramANa kahane ke lie samartha nahIM hai, kyoMki tarka ko apramANa kahanA svacanabAdhita hai, koI kahatA hai ki pramANa kI sAmagrI ke bhItara praviSTa hone se tarkajJAna pramANa hai, svataMtra nahIM hai? arthAt-tarkajJAna ko pramANa kI sAmagrI ke bhItara praviSTa huA mAnate haiM; svataMtra pRthak pramANa nhiiN| AcArya kahate haiM-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki usa tarka ko svayam pramANapanA yuktisiddha hai| avyavahita rUpa se svArtha kA nizcaya karanA rUpa phala meM aura paramparA se hone vAle phaloM meM prakRSTa upakAraka hone se tarkajJAna pramANa hai jaise ki pratyakSajJAna pramANa hai| tarkajJAna apane viSayarUpa sAdhya aura sAdhana ke avinAbhAvarUpa sambandha ke ajJAna kI nivRtti karanA rUpa svArthanizcayasvarUpa, avyavahita phala ko utpanna karane meM prakRSTa upakAraka hai aura paramparA se to svArtha anumAna meM, heya meM hAnabuddhi aura upAdeya meM upAdAna buddhi tathA upekSaNIya tattvoM meM upekSA buddhi karane rUpa phala meM karaNa (sAdhana) hotA huA tarkajJAna prasiddha hI hai| isa prakAra tarkajJAna para bahuta vicAra ho cukA hai| aba tarka ke prakaraNa kA upasaMhAra kiyA jAtA hai ki hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ tarkajJAna pramANa hai, apanA aura artha kA nizcaya karane meM sAdhakatamapanA hone se, jaise ki anumAna jJAna athavA anya sacce jJAna pramANa haiN| apane viSayabhUta svArtha kI ajJAnanivRtti karanA pratyeka jJAna kA sAkSAt phala hai aura pIche paramparA se AtmA ke puruSArtha kI pravRtti anusAra chor3anA, grahaNa karanA, upekSA karanA rUpa phala hai||120|| yahA~ taka tarkajJAna kA vicAra pUrNa ho gayA hai| aba matijJAna ke abhinibodha bheda kA vicAra karate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 172 sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnaM vidurbudhaaH| pradhAnaguNabhAvena vidhAnapratiSedhayoH // 121 // anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNaM tatra sAdhanaM / sAdhyaM zakyamabhipretamaprasiddhamudAhRtam // 122 // tatsAdhyAbhimukho bodho niyataH sAdhane tu yH| kRtoniMdriyayuktenAbhinibodhaH sa lkssitH||123|| sAdhyAbhAvAsaMbhavaniyamalakSaNAtsAdhanAdeva zakyAbhipretAprasiddhatvalakSaNasya sAdhyasyaiva yadvijJAnaM tadanumAnamAcAryA viduH ythokthetuvissydvaarkvishessnnyornytrsyaanumaantvaaprtiiteH| sa eva vAbhinibodha iti lkssitH| sAdhyaM pratyabhimukhasya niyamitasya ca saadhnenaanidriyyuktenaabhibodhsyaabhinibodhtvaat| nanu vidvAn puruSa sAdhana se sAdhya ke vijJAna ko anumAna pramANa kahate haiN| vaha anumAna jJAna pradhAna rUpa se prakRta sAdhya ke vidhAna karane meM aura gauNa rUpa se sAdhyabhinna padArthoM ke niSedha karane meM caritArtha hotA hai| athavA upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi hetu dvArA pradhAna aura gauNarUpa se sAdhya kI vidhi aura niSedha karane meM yukta rahatA hai||121|| zakya, abhipreta (iSTa) aura asiddha ke sAdhya ko siddha karane vAle sAdhana kA anyathAnupapatti eka lakSaNa kahA gayA hai||122|| arthAt anyathAnupapatti (sAdhya ke binA nahIM rahanA jisakA lakSaNa hai) vaha sAdhana hai aura zakya, iSTa aura asiddha sAdhya kahalAtA hai| 'sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnam' isakA artha yaha hai ki anindriya yAnI mana se sahakRta sAdhanajJAna se sAdhya kI ora abhimukha hokara niyata jo bodha kiyA gayA hai, vaha abhinibodha kA lakSaNa hai| arthAt abhi aura ni upasargapUrvaka budha avagamane' dhAtu se ghaJ pratyaya kara abhinibodha zabda banA hai| 'abhi' yAnI sAdhya ke abhimukha 'ni' yAnI avinAbhAvarUpa niyama se jakar3A huA bodha yAnI sAdhana se sAdhya kA jJAna honaa| isa prakAra nirukti karane se abhinibodha kA artha anumAna hotA hai| sAdhana kA jJAna anumAna kA utthApaka hai||123|| sAdhya kA abhAva hone para niyama se asambhava honA jisakA lakSaNa hai, aise sAdhana se hI zakya, abhipreta aura aprasiddhapanA lakSaNa vAle sAdhya kA jo vijJAna hotA hai, vaha anumAna hai, aisA AcArya mAna rahe haiN| pUrvoktAnusAra abhimukha aura niyamita artha ko kahane vAle tathA hetu karake jAne gae viSaya ko dvAra banAkara upAtta kiye gae abhi aura ni ina do vizeSaNoM meM se kisI bhI eka ke nahIM lagAne para anumAnapanA pratIta nahIM hotA hai, ata: vahI jJAna abhinibodha hai| jisameM ni aura abhi pratyaya lagA hai| aisA yahA~ anumAna ke prakaraNa meM lakSaNa prApta hai, kyoMki sAdhya ke prati unmukha aura anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama se veSTita artha kA mana indriya se niyojita sAdhana karake bodha hone ko abhinibodhapanA vyavasthita hai| arthAt sAdhana se jo sAdhya kA jJAna hotA hai vaha abhinibodha hai| zaMkA : pUrva AcAryoM ne sAmAnyarUpa se sabhI matijJAnoM ko abhinibodha kahA hai| zrI nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne bhI abhimuhaNiyamiyavohaNamAbhivohaNamaNidiyedijayam' -isa gAthA se indriya, anindriyoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 173 matijJAnasAmAnyamabhinibodhaH prokto na punaH svArthAnumAnaM tadvizeSa iti cenna, prakaraNavizeSAcchadrAMtarasaMnidhAnAdervA sAmAnyazabdasya vizeSe pravRttidarzanAt goshbdvt| tena yadA kRtaSaT triMzattrizatabhedamAbhinibodhika mucyate tadAbhinibodhasAmAnya vijJAyate, yadA tvavagrahAdimativizeSAnabhidhAya tataH pRthagabhinibodha ityucyate tadA svArthAnumAnamiti iMdriyAniMdriyAbhyAM niyamitasyAsarvaparyAyadravyaM pratyabhimukhasya bodhasyAsyAbhinibodhikavyapadezAdabhinibodha evAbhinibodhikamiti svArthekasya ThaNo vidhaanaat| na ca tadaniMdriyeNa liMgApekSeNaM niyamitaM sAdhyArthAbhimukhaM bodhanamAbhinibodhikamiti se utpanna hone vAle sabhI matijJAnoM ko abhinibodha kahA hai, kintu usa matijJAna ke vizeSa bheda svArthAnumAna ko abhinibodha nahIM kahA hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vizeSa prakaraNa hone se athavA anya zabdoM ke sannikaTa hone se yA tAtparya Adi se sAmAnya zabda kI vizeSa arthoM meM pravRtti honA dRSTigocara ho rahA hai, jaise ki vANI, dizA, pRthvI, vajra, kiraNa, pazu, netra, svarga, jala, bANa, roma ina gyAraha arthoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se rahane vAlA go zabda prakaraNa vizeSa hone para go yA vANI ko vizeSa rUpa se kahane laga jAtA hai| kvacit vizeSa zabda bhI sAmAnya kA vAcaka ho jAtA hai, ataH jaba tIna sau chattIsa bhedavAlA abhinibodha kahA jAtA hai, taba sAmAnya matijJAna hI abhinibodha samajhA jAtA hai kintu jaba matijJAna ke vizeSa bheda avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA Adi ko kaha cukane para una avagraha AdikoM se pRthak abhinibodha aisA kahA jAtA hai taba abhinibodha kA artha svArthAnumAna kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra indriya aura anindriya se / niyamita, thor3I sI paryAya aura sampUrNa dravyoM ke prati abhimukha bodha ko Abhinibodhika aisA nAma nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| abhimukha niyamita, bodha hI to Abhinibodhika hai| isa prakAra svArtha meM hI kiye gaye 'ThaNa' pratyaya kA vidhAna hai (ThaNa ko 'ika' Adeza ho jAtA hai jo prakRti kA artha hai, vahI svArtha meM kiye gaye pratyayoM se yukta pada kA artha hai)| vaha anumAnarUpa abhinibodha jJApaka liMga kI apekSA rakhane vAle mana ke vicAra dvArA niyamita sAdhya rUpa artha ke abhimukha hokara bodha karanA Abhinibodhika hai| yaha viruddha nahIM par3atA hai, kyoMki usa Abhinibodha kA lakSaNa karane vAle vAkya meM dUsare vAkya kA (Asrava-Agamana) ho jAtA hai arthAt lakSya meM zabda kA lakSaNa bhinna-bhinna abhISTa hai| . bhAvArtha : 'indriyAniMdriyajanyaM' isa lakSaNa kA artha indriya anindriya donoM se utpanna honA yaha to sAmAnya matijJAna meM ghaTa jAtA hai aura yoga vibhAga kara kevala anindriya kA AkarSaNa karane se anindriyajanya abhimukha niyata artha kA bodha karanA yaha lakSaNa svArthAnumAnarUpa abhinibodha meM ghaTa jAtA bauddhoM kA kathana hai ki anyathAnupapattirUpa eka lakSaNa vAle hetu se liGgI meM jJAna honA anumAna nahIM hai, jo ki abhinibodha zabda se kahA jAtA hai| zaMkA : abhinibodha kA artha kyA hai?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 174 virudhyate, tallakSaNavAkye vAkyAMtaropaplavAt / na tu naika lakSaNAlliMgAlliMgini jJAnamanumAnaM ydbhinibodhshbdenocyte| kiM trhi| trirUpAlliMgAdanumeye jJAnamanumAnamiti paramatamupadarzayannAha;nizcitaM pakSadharmatvaM vipakSe sattvameva ca / sapakSa eva janmatvaM tattrayaM hetulakSaNam // 124 // kecidAhurna tadyuktaM hetvAbhAsepi saMbhavAt / asaadhaarnntaapaayaallkssnntvvirodhtH||125|| asAdhAraNo hi svabhAvo bhAvalakSaNamavyabhicArAdagnerauSNyavat / na ca trairUpyasyAsAdhAraNatA taddhetau tadAbhAsepi tasya smudbhvaat| tato na taddhetulakSaNaM yuktaM pNcruuptvaadivt| kuta eva tadityucyate;vaktRtvAdAvasArvajJasAdhane trymiikssyte| na hetutvaM vinA sAdhyAbhAvAsaMbhUSNutAM ytH||126|| idamiha saMpradhArya trairUpyamAnaM vA hetorlakSaNaM viziSTaM vA trairUpyamiti? prathamapakSena samAdhAna : pakSa dharmatva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti, ina tIna rUpa vAle liGga se anumAna karane yogya sAdhya meM jJAna honA anumAna kahA gayA hai| bauddhoM ke isa mata kA khaNDana karate hue AcArya uttarapakSa kA spaSTa kathana karate haiM ki ye tInoM lakSaNa to hetvAbhAsa meM bhI pAye jAte haiN| saMdigdha sAdhya vAle pakSa meM nizcitarUpa se vRtti honA aura nizcita sAdhyAbhAvavAle vipakSa meM hetu kA asattva honA tathA nizcita sAdhya vAle sapakSa meM AdhAra-AdheyabhAva rUpa se janma lekara rahanA ye tInoM hI hetu ke lakSaNa haiM aisA koI bauddha kahate haiM, parantu isa prakAra (bauddha) kA kathana rUpa (pakSa dharmatva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti ye tInoM) hetu kA lakSaNa-yuktipUrNa nahIM hai kyoMki vaha lakSaNa hetvAbhAsa meM bhI sambhava hai| lakSya ke atirikta anya padArthoM meM nahIM rahane vAle asAdhAraNadharma ko lakSaNa kahate haiN| asAdhAraNapanA na hone se trairUpya ko hetu ke lakSaNapane kA virodha hai||124-125|| agni kI uSNatA ke samAna avyabhicArI hone se asAdhAraNa svabhAva bhAva hI lakSya kA lakSaNa hai| parantu bauddhoM dvArA mAne gaye hetu ke trairUpya ko asAdhAraNapanA nahIM hai, kyoMki isa hetu meM aura usake AbhAsarUpa hetvAbhAsa meM bhI usa trairUpya kI upapatti honA dRSTigocara hotA hai| ata: trairUpya ko hetu kA lakSaNa mAnanA yukta nahIM hai, jaise ki pakSasattva, sapakSasattva, vipakSavyAvRtti asatpratipakSapanA aura abAdhitapanA ina pA~ca rUpoM kA dharma pAJcarUpya yA ukta cAra rUpoM kA dharma cAturUpya Adika hetu ke lakSaNa nahIM haiN| vaha trairUpya hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai, yaha kaise jAnA? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya uttara dete haiM buddha ko asarvajJapanA siddha karane meM vaktApana, puruSapana Adi hetuoM meM ve tInoM rUpa dekhe jAte haiM, kintu sAdhya ke na rahane para hetu kA nahIM honApanarUpa anyathAnupapatti ke binA vaktRtva Adi meM hetupanA nahIM hai| hetu ke trairUpyalakSaNa kA vaktRtva Adi meM vyabhicAra hai, ata: trairUpya hetu meM asAdhAraNa dharma kA abhAva hone se vaha lakSaNa nahIM bana sktaa||126|| yahA~ para yaha vicAra karane yogya hai ki sAmAnyarUpa se (yAnI vizeSapana se rahita) trairUpya ko hetu kA lakSaNa mAnate haiM? yA kisI vizeSaNa se sahita isa trairUpya ko hetu kA lakSaNa kahate haiM? pahalA pakSa lene
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 175 tadasAdhAraNahetvAbhAsepi tAvadAditvalakSaNameva buddhosarvajJo vaktRtvAde rathyApuruSavadityatra hetoH pakSadharmatvaM sapakSe sattvaM vipakSe vaasttvN| sarvajJo vaktA puruSo vA na dRSTa iti| na ca gmktvmnythaanuppnntvvirhaat| viziSTaM trairUpyaM hetulakSaNamiti cet kuto na tadaviziSTaM ? // sarvajJatvena vaktRtvaM viruddhaM na vinishcitN| tato na tasya hetutvamityAcakSaNakaH svayam // 127 // tadekalakSaNaM hetorlakSayatyeva tttvtH| sAdhyAbhAvavirodho hi hetornAnyastato mataH // 128 // tadiSTau tu trayeNApi pakSadharmAdinAtra kiN| tadabhAvepi hetutvasiddheH kvacidasaMzayam // 129 // ___ sAdhyAbhAvavirodhitvAddhetustrairUpyamaviziSTakartRtvAditi vadannanyathAnupapannatvameva viziSTatvamabhyupagacchati saadhyaabhaavvirodhitvsyaivaanythaanuppnntvniymvypdeshaat| tathA pakSadharmatvamekamanyathAnupapannatvena viziSTaM sapakSe sattvaM vA vipakSAsattvameva vA nizcitaM sAdhyasAdhanAyAlamiti kiMtantrayeNa samuditena kartavyaM para to vaha trairUpya hetu kA asAdhAraNa dharma nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki yaha trairUpya hetvAbhAsa meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai; ata: trairUpya lakSaNa nahIM hai| buddha asarvajJa hai, vaktA hone se, puruSa hone se aadi| jaise ki galI meM calane vAlA manuSya asarvajJa hai| isa prakAra ke yahA~ anumAna meM hetu kA pakSavRttitva rUpa hai, arthAt vaktApana hetu buddha meM bhI hai| mumukSujanoM ke lie mokSa kA upadeza denA buddha kA kartavya bauddhoM ne mAnA hai| buddha meM puruSapanA bhI hai, ata: sapakSasattva bhI hai| nizcita rUpa se asarvajJa vartamAnakAla ke upadezakoM meM vaktApana, puruSapana, vidyamAna hai| sarvajJajIva paramAtmA vaktA athavA puruSa hote hue nahIM dekhe gaye haiN| isa prakAra vaktApana aura puruSapana hetu meM trairUpya hai| phira to mImAMsakoM dvArA kathita ukta anumAna dvArA kahA gayA buddha kA asarvajJapanA siddha ho jAtA hai, kintu jainoM dvArA mAne gaye hetu ke lakSaNa anyathAnupapannatva ke binA ve donoM hetu asarvajJapana sAdhya ke gamaka nahI bana pAte haiN| . yadi dvitIya pakSAnusAra vizeSoM se yukta trairUpya ko hetu kA lakSaNa kahoge to vaha trairUpya kisa vizeSaNaM se aviziSTa nahIM hai? arthAt trairUpya meM kaunasA vizeSaNa lagAyA jAtA hai? . sarvajJapana ke sAtha vaktApana hetu viruddha hotA huA vizeSarUpa se nizcita nahIM kiyA gayA hai arthAt sarvajJa bhI vaktA ho sakate haiM isameM koI virodha nahIM hai| ata: vaha vaktApana samIcIna hetu nahIM hai| isa prakAra kahane vAlA (bauddha) svayaM hI usa eka hI vipakSa viruddha ko hetu kA paramArtharUpa se lakSaNa karA rahA hai, kyoMki hetu kA sAdhyAbhAva ke sAtha virodha honA usa anyathAnupapatti se koI pRthak svarUpa nahIM mAnA gayA aura usa sAdhyAbhAva virodha yAnI anyathAnupapatti ko hI hetu kA lakSaNa iSTa karane para usa hetu meM pakSavRttipana Adi tIna dharmoM se kyA prayojana hai? kyoMki kahIM una tIna dharmoM ke abhAva hone para bhI saMzayarahita saddhetu siddha ho jAtA hai||127-128-129|| sAdhyAbhAva ke sAtha virodhIrUpa vizeSaNa na rahane se vaktApana, puruSapana ye sat hetu nahIM ho sakate " haiN| isa prakAra kahane vAle bauddha anyathAnupapatti nAmaka vizeSaNa se sahita hetu ko svIkAra kara rahA hai kyoMki sAdhyAbhAva ke sAtha virodha rakhane vAle kA hI anyathAnupapatti vyavahAra kara diyA jAtA hai, aura aisA hone
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 176 ytstddhetulkssnnmaackssiit| na hi pakSadharmatvazUnyo heturna sambhavati tthaahi| udeSyati muhUrtAnte zakaTaM kRttikodyaat| pakSadharmatvazUnyoyaM hetuH syAdekalakSaNaH // 130 // udeSyacchakaTaM vyoma kRttikodyvttvtH| iti prayogataH pakSadharmatAmeSyate ydi||131|| tadA dhUmognimAneSa dhUmatvAditigadyatAm / tataH svabhAvahetuH syAtsarvo liMgastrivAnna te||132|| yadi lokAnurodhena bhinnAH sNbNdhbhedtH| viSayasya ca bhedena kaaryaadynuplbdhyH||133|| kiM na tAdAtmyatajanmasaMbaMdhAbhyAM vilkssnnaat| anyathAnupapannatvAddhetuH syaatkRttikodyH||134|| para akele pakSadharmatvarUpa ko hI anyathAnupapatti vizeSaNa se viziSTa banAkara hetu ko sAdhya sAdhane ke lie sapakSa meM sattva athavA vipakSa meM asattvapane se nizcita kara sAdhya ko sAdhane ke lie paryApta kahA jA sakatA hai| ata: usa tIna avayava vAle samudita trairUpya se kyA karane yogya zeSa raha gayA? jisase ki usa trairUpya ko hetu kA lakSaNa kahate haiN| arthAt hetu kA lakSaNa trairUpya nahIM hai| pakSa dharma se rahita hetu saMbhava nahIM hai, yaha nahIM samajhanA caahie| isI bAta ko dRSTAnta dekara spaSTa karate haiM-eka muhUrtAntara rohiNI kA udaya hogA, kyoMki isa samaya kRtikA kA udaya hai| yaha hetu pakSa dharma se zUnya hotA huA bhI eka anyathAnupapatti nAma kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAne se saddhetu mAnA gayA hai||130|| vartamAnakAla meM kRtikA ke udaya se sahitapanA hone se AkAza bhaviSya meM udaya hone vAle rohiNI ke udaya se sahita hone vAlA hai| aise anumAna kA prayoga hone se AkAzarUpa pakSa meM kRttikodayasahitapanA hetukA rahanA yadi bauddha iSTa kareMge taba to vaha dhUma dhUmapanA hone se agni vAlA hai| isa prakAra anumAna banAkara kabhI kaha denA caahie| ataH sabhI hetu svabhAva hetu hI bana jaaeNge| kArya hetu aura anupalambha hetu bhI ukta prakAra se pakSa kI kalpanA karate hue pakSa ke yA sAdhya ke svabhAva ho jAeMge, aisI dazA meM tIna bheda vAle hetu siddha nahIM hote||131-132|| yadi loka ke anurodha se sambandha kA aura viSayabhUta sAdhya kA bheda ho jAne se kArya hetu, svabhAva hetu aura anupalambha ye tIna hetu mAna loge, athavA kAraNa ke abhAva ko jAnane ke lie kAryAnupalabdhi aura vyApaka kA abhAva sAdhane ke lie vyApya kI anupalabdhi Adi ko hetu mAnate ho to svabhAva hetu ke prayojaka tAdAtmya sambandha aura kAryahetu ke prayojaka tadutpatti sambandha se vilakSaNa anyathAnupapatti nAmaka
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 177 yathaiva hi lokaH kAryasvabhAvayoH saMbaMdhabhedAttatonupalabhasya ca viSayabhedAnedamanurudhyate tathAvinAbhAvaniyamamAtrAtkAryAdihetutrayAtkRttikodayAdi hetorapIti kathamasau caturtho heturna syAt / na hyatra lokasyAnurodhanavaco bAdhakAditi zakyaM vaktuM baadhkaasNbhvaat| nanvidamanyathAnupapannatvaM niyataM saMbaMdhena vyAptaM tadabhAve tatsaMbhavetiprasaMgAt sopi tAdAtmyatajjanmabhyAmatAdAtmyavatastajanmano vA sNbNdhaanupptteH| tataH kRttikodayAdau sAdhye na tAdAtmyasya tadutpattervA vaidhurye kutaH saMbaMdhastadabhAve kutonyathAnupapannatvaniyamo yena sa sambandha ho jAne se kRttikodaya bhI hetu kyoM nahIM ho jAyegA? arthAt vastuta: dekhA jAe to tadutpatti Adika aniyata sambandhoM kA vyabhicAra dRSTigocara hotA hai| ataH hetu dvArA sAdhya ko sAdhane meM anyathAnupapannatvarUpa sambandha hI nirdoSa hai| anya koI sambandha nirdoSa nahIM // 133-134 // jisa prakAra laukika jana kArya aura svabhAva ke sambandha kA tathA anupalambha ke viSaya kA bheda hone se hetuoM ke bheda kA anurodha karate haiM (arthAt tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti nAma ke do sambandha ho jAne se bhAvahetuoM ke svabhAva aura kArya ye do bheda ho jAte haiM) tathA abhAvarUpa viSaya ko sAdhane kI apekSA anupalabdhi nAma kA tIsarA hetu bhI siddha ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra kevala avinAbhAvarUpa niyama kA sambandhI hone se kArya Adi tIna hetuoM ke atirikta kRttikodaya, bharaNyudaya, candrodaya Adi hetuoM ke bhI bheda mAnakara cauthA hetu kyoM nahIM ho jAegA? (yAnI tIna ke atirikta caturtha paMcama Adi bhI hetu ke bheda ho jAeMge) isameM bAdhaka kAraNa utpanna ho jAne se loka kA anukUla AcaraNa karane vAlA vacana nahIM hai, aisA nahIM kaha sakate ho| kyoMki kRtikodaya Adi ko jJApaka hetu banAne meM sabhI lokasammata haiN| isameM bAdhaka pramANa saMbhava nahIM hai| zaMkA : yaha anyathAnupapattipanA to vyApaka sambandha se nizcita vyApta hai| usa sambandha ke na hone para bhI yadi anyathAnupapatti kA sadbhAva mAnA jAyegA to atiprasaMga doSa AegA (arthAt sambandha se rahita AkAza aura puSpa yA AtmA aura rUpa tathA pudgala aura jJAna Adi meM bhI anyathAnupapatti bana jaayegii)| vaha sambandha bhI tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti nAmaka do sambandhoM se hI vyApta hai| (jagat meM vAstavika sambandha do hI ho sakate hai)| jo padArtha tAdAtmya sambandha vAlA nahIM hai athavA tadutpatti sambandha vAlA nahIM hai, usake anya koI bhI sambandha nahI ho sakatA hai| ataH kRtikAdi sAdhya hetuoM meM apane sAdhya ke sAtha tAdAtmya aura tajjanyatvanAmaka sambandha ke bichur3a jAne para unase sambandha kaise bana sakatA hai? vyApaka ke nahIM rahane se vyApya bhI nahIM rahatA hai (tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti kA anyatarapanA vyApaka hai aura sambandha vyApya hai)| usa sambandha ke na hone para anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama bhI kaise raha sakatA hai? arthAt nahIM rahatA hai| vyApaka ke binA vyApya kI sthiti nahIM hai anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama bhI kaise raha sakatA hai? arthAt nahIM rahatA hai| vyApaka ke binA vyApya kI sthiti nahIM hai jisase ki vaha kRttikodaya hetu zakaTodaya sAdhya kA gamaka ho jaataa| arthAt tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti na hone se kRttikodaya meM koI sambandha nahIM, aura sambandha na hone se anyathAnupapatti nhiiN| isalie kRttikodayAdi caturtha hetu nahIM haiM ata: vyApaka kA anupalambha vahA~ loka kI anukUlatA kA bAdhaka pratIta ho rahA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 178 gamako hetuH syAditi vyApakAnupalaMbho bAdhakastatra lokAnurodhasya pratIyate kRttikodayAdergamakatvaM hetutvanibaMdhanaM tadevAnyathAnupapannatvaM sAdhayati tadapi saMbadhaM sopi tAdAtmyatajjanmanoranyataraM / tatra tadutpattirvartamAnabhaviSyato: kRttikodayazakaTodayayoH parasparamanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAsaMbhavAnna yujyata eva tAdAtmyaM tu vyomna: zakaTodayavattve sAdhye kRttikodayavattvaM zakyaM kalpayituM sAdhanadharmamAtrAnubaMdhinaH sAdhyadharmasya tdaatmtvopptteH| yata eva bAhyAlokatamorUpabhUtasaMghAtasya vyomavyavahArArhasya kRttikodayavattvaM tata eva bhaviSyacchakaTodayavattvaM hetvaMtarAnapekSatvAdeH siddhaM na tanmAnAnubaMdhitvamanityatvaM nityatvasya kRtakatvamAtrAnubaMdhitvavaditi kecittAn pratyAha;nAnyathAnupapannatvaM tAbhyAM vyAptaM nikssepnnaat| saMyogyAdiSu liMgeSu tasya tattvaparIkSakaiH // 135 // kRttikodaya Adi ko sAdhya kA gamakapanA hetu kA kAraNa hai aura vahI anyathAnupapannatvakosiddha kara rahA hai tathA vaha anyathAnupapatti bhI sambandha ko tathA vaha sambandha bhI tAdAtmya aura taMdutpatti donoM meM se kisI bhI eka ko siddha kara rahA hai| una do sambandhoM meM tadutpatti nAmakA sambandha to vartamAna kAla ke kRttikodaya hetu kA bhaviSya meM hone vAle zakaTodaya sAdhya ke sAtha paraspara meM anvaya aura vyatireka kA anuvidhAna karane kI asambhavatA hone se yukta nahIM hai (arthAt zakaTodaya aura kRttikodaya meM adhika kAla vyavadhAna hone se tadutpatti sambandha to bana nahIM sakatA hai) tAdAtmya sambandha kalpita kiyA jA sakatA hai ki AkAza ko pakSa mAnA jaay| usameM zakaTodayasahitapane ko sAdhya kiyA jAye aura kRttikA ke udaya se sahitapanA hetu mAnA jAe, taba to kevala hetu ke dharma kA hI anurodha karane vAle sAdhyarUpa dharma kA tAdAtmya rUpa se kalpanA karanA bana jAtA hai (yAnI vartamAna meM kRttikodayasahitapanA aura bhaviSya ke zakaTodaya se sahitapanA ina donoM AkAza ke dharmoM meM tadAtmakatA hai)| hama bauddhoM ke yahA~ AkAza koI amUrta, vyApaka padArtha nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kintu dina meM bahiraMga AlokarUpa bhUta pariNAma ke samudAya ko AkAza kahate haiN| aura rAta meM bhUtoM ke aMdhakArarUpa pariNAma kA ikaTThA ho jAnA hI AkAzapane se vyavahAra karane yogya hai| usa AkAza meM jaise vartamAna se kRttikodaya sahitapanA vidyamAna hai, usI prakAra bhaviSya meM hone vAle zakaTodaya se sahitapanA bhI siddha hai ataH hetu nirapekSa yA svabhAva se hI vaisI pariNati siddha hai| ata: sAdhya aura hetu ke eka hI ho jAne mAtra se anubaMdhI honApana siddha nahIM hotA hai| (jaise ki ghaTa kA ghaTa hI se tAdAtmaka honApana koI kAryakArI nahIM hai) athavA nitya kA anityapana kA kevala kRtakapana ke sAtha anubandhI honA jaise prayojaka nahIM hai| isa prakAra koI (bauddha) kaha rahe haiN| samAdhAna : zaMkA samAdhAna karate hue AcArya kahate haiM- tadutpatti aura tAdAtmya sambandha ke sAtha anyathAnupapanna vyApta nahIM hai, kyoMki tattvoM kI yathArtha parIkSA karane vAle vidvAnoM ke dvArA saMyogI, samavAyI Adi hetuoM meM bhI usa anyathAnupapatti kA prakSepa kiyA gayA hai kintu vahA~ tAdAtmya yA tadutpatti nahIM hai||135||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 179 arvAgbhAgo'vinAbhAvI parabhAgena ksycit| sopi tena tathA siddhaH saMyogI heturiidRshH||136|| sAsnAdimAnayaM gotvAdgaurvA sAsnAdimattvataH / ityanyonyAzrayIbhAvaH samavAyiSu dRzyate // 137 // caMdrodayo'vinAbhAvI pyonidhivivrdhnaiH| tAni tena vinApyetatsaMbaMdhadvitayAdiha // 138 // evaMvidhaM rUpamidamAmatvameva rasatvAdityekArthasamavAyino vRkSoyaM ziMzapAtvAdityetasya vA tadutpattitAdAtmyabalAdavinAbhAvitvaM / nAstyatra zItasparzogneriti virodhinastAdAtmyabalAttaditi svamanorathaM prathayatopi saMyogisamavAyinoryathoktayostatonyasya ca prasiddhasya hetorvinaiva tAbhyAmavinAbhAvitvamAyAtaM / nAstyevAtrAvinAbhAvitvaM viniyatamityetadAzaMkya pariharanAha; kisI bhI bhIta, kapATa Adi kA uralI ora kA bhAga to paralI ora ke bhAga ke sAtha avinAbhAva sambandha rakhane vAlA hai, vaha paralA bhAga bhI usa prakAra uralI ora ke bhAga ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhatA hai| isa prakAra ke samavyApti vAle saMyogI hetu siddha hai| tathA yaha pazu laTakatA huA gale kA carmarUpa sAsnA, sIMga, Adi dharmoM se yukta hone se baila hai| athavA yaha pazu gau hai kyoMki sAsnA, sIMga Adi se sahita hai, isa prakAra paraspara meM eka dUsare ke Azraya hotA huA samavAyI hetuoM meM avinAbhAva sambandha dekhA jAtA hai (arthAt jJAta hotA hai)| eka dharma se dUsare ajJAta dharma kA jJAna karA diyA jAtA hai| tathA caMdramA kA udaya honA bhI samudra kA jalavRddhi ke sAtha sambandha avinAbhAva rakhatA hai, aura samudra vRddhi honA usa caMdrodaya ke sAtha avinAbhAva kI dhAraNA karanA hai| isa kAraNa ukta tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti nAma ke do sambandhoM ke binA bhI yahA~ saMyogI, samavAyI, sahacara ye hetu bhI avinAbhAvI hokara apane sAdhya ke jJApaka dekhe jAte haiN||136-137-138|| isa prakAra rasa vAlA hone se yaha Amraphala isa prakAra ke rUpa vAlA hai kyoMki rUpa kA eka hI artha meM samavAya sambandha ho jAne se una donoM kA paraspara meM ekArthasamavAya sambandha mAnA gayA hai| inakA tadutpatti nAmaka sambandha se avinAbhAva bana jAtA hai| athavA yaha ziMzapA hone se vRkSa hai, aise isa anumAna ko tAdAtmya ke bala se avinAbhAvIpanA rahatA hI hai| yahA~ zItasparza nahIM hai kyoMki Aga jala rahI hai| isa prakAra virodhI hetu kA bhI tAdAtmya ke bala se avinAbhAva hai| isa prakAra sahacara, ekArtha samavAyI Adi hetuoM ko tAdAtmya tadutpatti meM garbhita kara apane manoratha ko cAroM ora prasiddha karane vAle bauddhoM ke yahA~ * yathAyogya abhI kahe gaye parabhAga, sAsnA Adika saMyogI aura samavAyI hetuoM ko tathA unase anya prasiddha candrodaya, chatra, bharaNyudaya Adi hetuoM ko bhI una tAdAtmya, tadutpatti ke binA hI avinAbhAvIpanA prApta ho jAtA hai| ___ yahA~ parabhAga, sAsnA Adi meM avinAbhAvIpanA vizeSarUpa se niyata nahIM hai| isa prakAra bauddha kI AzaMkA kA parihAra karate hue AcArya kahate haiM. apane sAtha saMyoga sambandha rakhane vAle dhUma ke binA bhI uSNa lohapiNDa meM agni dRSTigocara hotI hai, tathA samavAya sambandha vAle sIMga, sAsnA Adi bhI gau ke binA bhaiMsa meM dikha rahe haiN| ataH samavAyI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 180 saMyoginA vinA vahniH svena dhUmena dRshyte| gavA vinA viSANAdiH samavAyIti cenmtiH||139|| kAraNena vinA svena tasmAdavyApakena c| vRkSatvena kSate kiM na cuuttvaadirnekshH||140|| tato yathAvinAbhUte saMyogAdirna lkssyte| vyApako vyabhicAratvAttAdAtmyAttattathA na kim // 141 // dezakAlAdyapekSazcedbhasmAdervahnisAdhanaH / cUtatvAdirviziSTAtmA vRkSatvajJApako mtH||142|| saMyogAdiviziSTastanizcita: saadhysaadhnH| viziSTatA tu sarvasya sAnyathAnupapannatA // 143 // soyaM kAryAdiliMgasyAviziSTasyAgamakatAmupalakSya kAryasvabhAvairyAvadbhiravinAbhAvikAraNe teSAM hetuH svabhAvAbhAvepi bhAvamAtrAnuvirodhini "iSTaM viruddhakAryepi dezakAlAdyapekSaNaM / anyathA vyabhicArI syAdbhasme hetu dUSita hai| bauddhoM ke isa prakAra kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki apane kAraNa ke binA kArya nahIM hotA hai aura vyApaka ke binA vyApya nhiiN| kintu aneka bAra Amrapana, zIzopana Adi kI vRkSapane dvArA kSati dekhI gaI hai| arthAt zIzoM aura Ama ke per3oM ke samAna zIzoM, Ama, pIpala kI beleM bhI haiM, ye saba doSa acche nahIM haiN| kyoMki kAraNa ke binA kArya aura vyApaka ke binA vyApya nahIM hotA hai| vRkSapane se vyApya zIzoMpanA, AmrapanA pRthak hai| zIzoM kI bela to bhinna prakAra kI hogii| ataH Apa bauddhoM ke yahA~ avinAbhAva vAle hetuoM meM jisa prakAra saMyoga, samavAya, Adi sambandha nahIM dekhe jAte aura vyabhicArI hone se vyApyavyApakabhAva sambandha bhI nahIM dekhA jAtA hai, usI prakAra tAdAtmya sambandha hone se bhI vyabhicAra kyoM nahIM kahA jAtA hai ? // 139-140-141 // deza, kAla, AkAra Adi kI apekSA bhasma Adi hetu yadi agnisAdhaka mAne jAyeMge aura skandha Adi svarUpoM se viziSTa huA AmrapanA Adi hetu vRkSapana ke jJApaka mAne jAeMge taba to avinAbhAva se viziSTa hote hue saMyoga Adi bhI nizcita hokara sAdhya ke sAdhane vAle ho jAeMge aura vaha sampUrNa hetuoM kI viziSTatA to anyathAnupapatti hI hai| arthAt-jJApaka hetu kA prANa avinAbhAva hI hai| usase viziSTa hotA huA koI bhI saMyogI, sahacara, Amratva Adi hetu nizcita rUpa se sAdhya ko siddha karatA hI hai||142143|| bauddha kA kathana : vaha yaha bauddha kArya hetu, svabhAva hetu aura anupalabdhi hetu ko anyathAnupapatti nAma ke vizeSaNa se rahita sAdhya kA jJApakapanA nahIM hai, isa bAta kA upalakSaNa kara kahatA hai ki jitane bhI kArya aura svabhAvoM ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhane vAle kAraNa aura bhAvoM ke hone para una kAraNa aura bhAvarUpa sAdhyoM ke kArya aura svabhAva jJApaka hetu iSTa haiN| svabhAva na hone para bhI bhAva mAtra kA virodha karane vAle hetu meM vijJApakapanA nahIM hai| "viruddha kArya hone para bhI deza kAla Adi kI apekSA rakhane vAlA hetu jJApaka mAna liyA jAtA hai| anyathA (yAnI deza, kAla Adi vizeSaNa ke nahIM lagAne para to) vaha hetu vyabhicArI ho jAtA hai| jaise ki 'uSNatA sAdhane meM bhasma hetu vyabhicArI ho jAtA hai' ityAdi vacana ke dvArA hetu kI viziSTatA ko svayaM svIkRta karatA huA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 181 vA zItasAdhana' ityAdivacanena svayaM viziSTatAmupapanne yathA hetorgamakatvamavinAbhAvaniyamena vyAptamAcaSTe vinAbhAvaniyamaM tadabhAvepi tatsaMbhavAdanyathA tasya tena vizeSaNAnarthakyAt / tataH saMyogAdirapyavinAbhAvaniyamaviziSTo gamako heturityabhyupagaMtumarhati viziSTatAyAH sarvatrAnyathAnupapattirUpatvasiddheriti na tadutpattitAdAtmyAbhyAmanyathAnupapannatvaM vyAptaM / tadviziSTAbhyAM vyAptamiti cet tamunyathAnupapannatvenAnyathAnupapannatvaM vyAptamityAyAtaM / tacca na sAraM tasyaiva tenaiva vyApyavyApakabhAvavirodhAt vyApyavyApakayoH kthNcidbhedprsiddheH| "vyApakaM tadatanniSThaM vyApyaM tanniSThameva . ca" iti tayorviruddhadharmAdhyAsavacanAt / atha mataM tAbhyAM saMbaMdho vyAptastenAnyathAnupapannatvamiti / tadapyavicAritameva, tadvyatiriktasya saMyogAdeH saMbaMdhasya sadbhAvAt / bauddha avinAbhAvarUpa niyama se sAdhya ke sAtha vyApta hetu kA jJApakapanA yathArtha kaha rahA hai| tathA avinAbhAva niyama-ko bhI svayam kaha rahA hai| usa avinAbhAva ke na hone para bhI kArya aura svabhAva sambandha ho jAte haiN| anyathA (yAnI avinAbhAva ke binA bhI hetu yadi sAdhya kA jJApaka mAna liyA jAya taba to) usa hetu kA usa avinAbhAva se sahitapanA vizeSaNa lagAnA vyartha hogaa| ata: saMyogI, samavAyI Adi hetu bhI avinAbhAva rUpa niyama se viziSTa hote hue apane niyata sAdhya kI jJapti karAne vAle haiM aisA svIkAra karanA yogya hai| kyoMki, sampUrNa hetuoM meM viziSTapanA anthanupapattirUpa se siddha hai ata: tadutpatti aura tAdAtmya se anyathAnupapatti vyApta nahI hai| apitu anyathAnupapatti sampUrNa hetu ke sAtha vyApta hai| _ yadi kaho ki sAdhya ke binA hetu kA nahIM rahanA rUpa anyathAnupapatti se viziSTa tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti se hI anyathAnupapannapanA vyApta hai, taba to anyathAnupapannapane se hI anyathAnupapannapanA vyApta haiaisA siddha hotA hai, aura vaha kathana ni:sAra hai, kyoMki usakA hI usa hI ke sAtha vyApya vyApaka bhAva hone kA virodha hai| vyApya aura vyApakoM me kathaMcit bheda kI prasiddhi hai| usameM aura usase bhinna padArthoM .meM bhI rahane vAlA padArtha vyApaka hotA hai, tathA kevala usameM hI rahane vAlA vyApya hotA hai| isa prAkara una vyApya aura vyApakoM meM viruddha dharmoM se ArUr3ha kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| yadi bauddhoM kA yaha mantavya ho ki una tAdAtmya aura tadutpattirUpa vyApakoM se sambandha vyApta hai aura sambandharUpa vyApaka se anyathAnupapannatA vyApta hai to AcArya kahate haiM ki vaha mantavya bhI vAstavika vicArayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki una tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti se sarvathA atirikta saMyoga, samavAya, sahacara Adi aneka sambandhoM kA sadbhAva hai| 'saMyoga, samavAya Adi kAryakAraNa bhAva kA sambandha bhI asaMyogI aura asamavAyIrUpa kAryoM ke upakAraka ke binA kahIM bhI nahIM pAye jAte haiM -aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki AkAza, AtmA Adi nitya dravyoM ke nityasaMyoga Adi kA sambandha kisI ke kArya hue binA hI vidyamAna haiN| nityadravya saMbhava nahIM hai-aisA bhI nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki kSaNika paryAya ke samAna vaha nityadravya bhI pramANoM se siddha hai ataH sampUrNa hI niyata sambandha vyaktiyoM meM vyApaka aura tadAtmya, tadutpatti se anya yogyatAsvarUpa sambandha kahanA caahie| yogyatA kA lakSaNa kahate haiM-sarva sambandhoM ke bheda prabhedoM meM prApta yogyatA nAma kA eka sambandha mAna lenA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 182 kAryakAraNabhAvayorasaMyogAdirUpakAryopakArakabhAvamaMtareNa kvacidapyabhAvAditi cenna, nityadravyasaMyogAddezAMtareNaiva bhaavaat| na ca nityadravyaM na saMbhavet kSaNikapariNAmavattasya pramANasiddhatvAt tadavazyaM sarvasaMbaMdhavyaktInAM vyApakastadutpattitAdAtmyAbhyAmanya evAbhidhAtavyo yogyatAlakSaNa ityAha;yogyatAkhyazca saMbaMdha: srvsNbNdhbhedgH| syAdekastadvazAlliMgamekamevoktalakSaNam // 144 // vizeSatopi sNbNdhdvysyaivaavyvsthiteH| saMbaMdhaSaTkavannAto liMgeyattA vyvsthiteH||145|| tadvizeSavivakSAyAmapi saMkhyAvatiSThate / na liMgasya parairiSTA vizeSANAM bhutvtH||146|| saMbaMdhatvasAmAnyaM sarvasaMbaMdhabhedAnAM vyApakaM na yogyatAkhyaH saMbaMdha ityacodyaM, pratyAsatteriha yogyatAyAH sAmAnyarUpayoH svymupgmaat| saivAnyathAnupapattirityapi na maMtavyaM pratyAsattimAtre kvacitsatyapi tdbhaavaat| ____ usa eka sambandha ke vaza se eka hI prakAra kA hetu hai, jisakA ki 'anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNaM tatra sAdhanam' isa kArikA dvArA lakSaNa kaha diyA gayA hai||144|| arthAt sabhI hetuoM ke lakSaNa meM eka hI lakSaNa zreSTha hai ki sAdhya ke avinAbhAva, jisakA sAdhya avinAbhAva nahIM hai vaha hetu-hetvAbhAsa hai| vaizeSikoM ke mAne gaye saMyoga Adi chaha sambandhoM ke samAna bauddhoM ke dvArA mAne gaye vizeSa rUpa se bhI do sambandhoM kI bhI vyavasthA nahI ho pAtI hai| ata: ina tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti se hetuoM ke itane pariNAma kI ThIka vyavasthA nahIM huI // 145 // hetuoM ke vizeSa bhedoM kI vivakSA karane para bhI dUsaroM ke dvArA mAnI gayI hetu kI do yA tIna saMkhyA nirNIta nahIM hotI hai| kyoMki hetuoM ke bheda-prabheda bahuta se haiN| ve sabhI do Adi saMkhyAoM meM garbhita nahIM ho sakate haiN||146|| bhAvArtha : anyathAnupapattilakSaNavAlA hetu eka hI hai| vizeSa rUpa se yadi usake bheda kiye jAyeMge to upalabdhi, anupalabdhi yA vidhisAdhaka Adi bheda bhI ho sakate haiN| ___sAmAnyarUpa se sambandhatva dharma hI sampUrNa saMbaMdha ke bheda-prabhedoM kA vyApaka hai| bauddha : yogyatAnAmaka sambandha to sarvavyApaka nahIM hai| jaina: aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki isa prakaraNa meM sAmAnyarUpa se yogyatA ko hI sambandhapane se svayaM prativAdI ne svIkAra kiyA hai| niyata, aniyata sabhI sambandhoM meM vyApa rahI vaha yogyatA hI anyathAnupapatti hai, yaha bhI nahIM mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki-sAmAnyarUpa se aneka pratyAsattiyoM meM se kahIM yogyatA ke rahane para bhI anyathAnupapatti kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI pratyAsatti bhI sarvatra kAryakAraNa bhAva saMyogAdirUpa nahIM hai kyoMki sarvatra kAryakAraNabhAva, saMyoga Adi rUpa sambandha hote hue bhI avinAbhAva se rahita nahIM dikhate haiM-aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie (arthAt-sambandhoM me aneka sambandha to avinAbhAva se rahita haiN)| ata: sambandha ke vaza se bhI sAmAnya rUpa karake anyathAnupapatti hI eka hetu kA lakSaNa hai, aisA mAnanA caahie| vizeSarUpa se bhI tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti nAma ke do sambandhoM kI vyavasthA nahIM hai| jaise ki saMyoga Adi chaha sambandhoM kI jJApaka hetu ke prakaraNa meM saMkhyA vyavasthita nahIM hai aura una do, chaha Adi hetubhedoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 183 na hi dravyakSetrakAlabhAvapratyAsattaya: sarvatra kAryakAraNabhAvasaMyogAdirUpAH satyopyavinAbhAvarahitA na dRzyate tataH saMbaMdhavazAdapi sAmAnyatonyathAnupapattirekaiveti tallakSaNamekaM liNgmnumNtvyN| vizeSatopi saMbaMdhadvayasya taadaatmytjnmaakhysyaavyvsthaanaat| saMyogAdisaMbaMdhaSaTkavattadavyavasthAne ca kuto liMgeyattAniyama iti tadvizeSavivakSAyAmapi na parairiSTA liMgasaMkhyAvatiSThate vizeSANAM bhutvaat| pareSTasaMbaMdhasaMkhyAmatikrAmaMto hi saMbaMdhavizeSAstadiSTaliMgasaMkhyAM vighaTayaMtyeva sveSTavizeSayoH zeSavizeSANAmaMtarbhAvayitumazakteH viSayasya vidhipratiSedharUpasya bhedAlliMgabhedasthitirityapISTaM ttsNkhyaavirodhyev| yasmAtyathaivAstitvanAstitve bhidyete gunnmukhytH| tathobhayaM krameNeSTamakrameNa tvabAdhyatA // 147 // avaktavyottarA zeSAstrayo bhaMgAzca tttvtH| sapta caivaM sthite ca syustadvazAH saptahetavaH // 148 // kI vyavasthA nahIM hone para hetuoM kI itanI saMkhyA ke parimANa ko avadhAraNa karane kA niyama kaise siddha ho sakatA hai? isa prakAra hetuoM ke vizeSoM kI vivakSA hone para bhI dUsare prativAdiyoM dvArA iSTa kI gaI hetu saMkhyA nirNIta nahIM hotI hai kyoMki vyApya-vyApaka, pUrvacara, uttaracara, Adi ko siddha karane vAle hetuoM ke vizeSa sambandha bahuta se haiN| ve vizeSa sambandha dUsare prativAdiyoM se iSTa kI gaI hetu saMkhyA kA atikramANa karake unake dvArA abhISTa hetusaMkhyA ke niyama kA vighaTana karate hI haiM kyoMki apane iSTa kiye gaye tAdAtmya aura tadutpattirUpa vizeSoM meM avaziSTa bace hue pUrvacara Adi hetuoM ke vizeSa bhedaprabhedoM kA aMtarbhAva nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| tathA sAdhyarUpa viSaya ke vidhi aura niSedharUpa ko sAdhane vAle bheda se hetu ke vidhisAdhaka aura niSedhasAdhakaina do bhedoM kI vyavasthA mAnate haiM to usa bauddha kI tAdAtmya tadutpattirUpa do saMkhyA kA to virodhI hI hai| arthAt-vidhisAdhaka yA niSedhasAdhaka yaha do saMkhyA to ThIka hai, kintu tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti ye do hI bheda haiM-aisA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra astitva aura nAstitva ye do dharma gauNa aura mukhyarUpa se pRthak-pRthak haiM usI prakAra krama se kathana karane para astitva aura nAstitva ko milAkara ubhayanAmakA tIsarA bhaMga iSTa hai| tathA krama se rahita donoM dharmoM kI yugapat (yAnI eka hI kAla meM vivakSA hone para) avaktavya nAmaka cauthA dharma mAnA gayA hai (kyoMki eka zabda meM ekahI samaya meM aneka dharmoM kA kathana karane kA sAmarthya nahIM hai)| ina kathita cAra dharmoM se avazeSa rahe asti avaktavya 5 nAsti avaktavya 6 aura astinasti avaktavya 7 ye pRSTha bhAga meM avaktavyapada ko dhAraNa kiye hue tIna bhaMga bhI vAstavika rUpa se mAne gaye haiN| isa prakAra sAta bhaMgoM ke sthita ho jAne para una sAta bhaMgoM ke adhIna hokara vartane vAle sAta hetu hone caahie||147-148|| asti aura nAsti ina do dharmoM kA paraspara meM virodha hone ke kAraNa ubhayAtmaka tIsarA dharma nahIM bana sktaa| ata: ubhayasvarUpa yA astiavaktavyasvarUpa koI padArtha nahIM hai| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aneka dharmoM se tadAtmaka ho rahe padArthoM kA darzana ho rahA hai| anyathA ekAnta rUpa se padArtha kI vyavasthA dRSTigocara hotI hai, tathA ekAntavAda meM pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se virodha AtA hai (kyoMki sabhI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 184 virodhAnnobhayAtmAdirarthazcenna tthekssnnaat| anyathaivAvyavasthAnAtpratyakSAdivirodhataH // 149 // nirAkRtaniSedho hi vidhiH sarvAtmadoSabhAk / nirvidhizca niSedhaH syAtsarvathA svavyathAkaraH // 150 // nanu ca yathA bhAvAbhAvobhayAzritastrividho dharmaH zabdaviSayonAdivAsanodbhUtavikalpapariniSThita eva na bahi: svalakSaNAtmakastathA syAdavaktavyAdi paramArthatosannevArthakriyArahitatvAnmanorAjyAdivat na ca sarvathA kalpitortho mAnaviSayo nAma yena tadbhedAtsaptavidho heturApAdyate itytrocyte;naanaadivaasnodbhutviklpprinisstthitH| bhAvAbhAvobhayAdyarthaM spaSTaM jJAnevabhAsanAt // 151 // zabdajJAnaparicchedyopi padArthospaSTatayAvabhAsamAnopi naikAMtata: kalpanAropitasvArthakriyAkAritvAnnibadhimanubhUyate kiM punaradhyakSe spaSTamavabhAsamAno bhAvAbhAvobhayAdirartha iti paramArthasanneva // padArtha svAMzoM kI vidhi aura parAMzoM ke niSedha se yukta haiN)| niSedhoM kA sabhI prakAra nirAkaraNa karane vAlI vidhi sarva padArthasvarUpa ho jAne ke doSa ko dhAraNa karane vAlI hai| tathA vidhi se sarvathA rahita niSedha kA ekAnta bhI sabhI prakAra apanI vyathA ko karane vAlA hai arthAt-sabakA niSedha mAnane para iSTa padArtha kA jIvana azakya hai||149-150|| zaMkA : zabda ke dvArA bhAva, abhAva aura ubhaya kA Azraya lekara utpanna hue tIna prakAra ke dharma jisa prakAra anAdikAlIna mithyAvAsanA se utpanna hue vikalpajJAna meM sthita hokara zabda ke vAcya artha banate haiM, kintu ve tInoM dharma vastutaH bahiraMgasvalakSaNa svarUpa nahIM haiN| manorAjyAdi samAna arthakriyA rahita hone se kathaMcit avaktavya Adi cAra dharma bhI paramArtha rUpa se vidyamAna nahIM haiN| ataH sabhI prakAra se kalpita kara liyA gayA sAta bhaMga rUpa artha to pramANoM kA gocara kaise bhI nahIM hai jisase ki una sAta dharmoM ke bheda se hetu kA sAta prakAra se Apadana kiyA jA ske| samAdhAna : isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kathana karane para AcArya uttara dete haiM- . bhAva, abhAva, ubhaya, avaktavya, astiavaktavya, nAsti avaktavya, astinAstiavaktavya ina sAta dharmoM se tadAtmaka ho rahA artha vastubhUta hai| bauddhoM ke anusAra anAdikAla kI vAsanAoM se utpanna korI kalpanAoM meM pariniSThita padArtha nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANajJAna meM spaSTa rUpa se bhAva (astitva) Adi dharmasvarUpa artha pratibhAsita hotA hai||151|| zrutajJAna dvArA jJAta bhI padArtha avizadarUpa se pratibhAsamAna hai, ekAnta kalpanA se kalpita nahIM hai, kyoMki apanI vAstavika arthakriyAoM ke dvArA bAdhArahita padArtha anubhava meM A rahA hai, to phira pratyakSajJAna meM spaSTa rUpa se prakAzita bhAva, abhAva, ubhaya Adi dharmasvarUpa artha kA to kahanA hI kyA hai! arthAt pratyakSa se spaSTa pratibhAsita artha vastubhUta hI hai| isa prakAra astitva Adika dharmoM se tadAtmaka artha paramArtha rUpa se yathArtha meM vidyamAna hai, kapolakalpita nhiiN| ataH 'anaadivaasnodbhuutviklpprinisstthitH| zabdArthastrividho dharmo bhAvAbhAvobhayAzrita:'- yaha bauddhoM kA kathana ThIka nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 185 bhAvAbhAvAtmako nArthaH pratyakSeNa yadIkSitaH / kathaM tato vikalpaH syaadbhaavaabhaavaavbodhnH||152|| nIladarzanataH pItavikalpo hi na te mtH| bhrAMteranyatra tattvasya vyavasthitimadIpsitaH // 153 // tdvaasnaaprbodhaaccedbhaavaabhaavviklpnaa| nIlAdivAsanobodhAttadvikalpavadiSyate // 154 // bhAvAbhAvekSaNaM siddhaM vAsanobodhakAraNaM / nIlAdivAsanodbodhahetutadRSTivattataH // 155 // yathA nIlAdidarzanaM nIlAdivAsanobodhasya kAraNamiSTaM tathA bhAvAbhAvobhayAdyarthadarzanaM tadvAsanAprabodhasya svayameSitavyamiti bhAvAdyarthasya pratyakSataH paricchedaH siddhH|| yatraiva janayedenAM tatraivAsya prmaanntaa| kvAnyathA syAdanAzvAsAdvikalpasya samudbhave // 156 // __ jisa pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA astitva, nAstitva Atmaka artha dRSTigocara nahIM hote haiM to phira usa pratyakSa se bhAvoM aura abhAvoM ko samajhAne vAlA vikalpa jJAna kaise utpanna ho sakegA ? arthAt bauddhoM ke yahA~ pratyakSa ke dvArA nirvikalpaka rUpa se viSaya kie gae hI arthoM meM nirNayarUpa vikalpajJAna kI utpatti mAnI gaI hai| anyatra bhrAnti jJAna se tattva kI vyavasthA cAhane vAle bauddhoM ke mata meM nIla ke nirvikalpakajJAna se pIta ke vikalpajJAna kA honA nahIM mAnA gayA hai||152-153|| : una bhAva Adi kI vAsanAoM ke jAga jAne se yadi bhAva, abhAvoM kA vikalpa karoMge to nIla, pIta Adi svalakSaNoM kA pratyakSa kara pIche nIla Adi kI lagI huI vAsanAoM kA prabodha ho jAne se jaise una nIla Adi kA vikalpajJAna honA iSTa kiyA gayA hai, usI ke samAna bhAva aura abhAvoM kA pratyakSa karanA hI una bhAva abhAvoM kA vikalpajJAna karAne ke lie upayogI bhUta vAsanAoM ke prabodha karAne kA kAraNa hogaa| jaise ki nIla Adi kA darzana una nIla Adi kI AtmA meM pUrva meM lagI huI vAsanAoM kA prabodhaka hai| isa kAraNa bauddhoM ke yahA~ nirvikalpaka pratyakSa dvArA bhAva-abhAva Adi dharmoM kA dIkha jAnA unakI vAsanAoM ke udbodha kA kAraNa siddha ho jAtA hai||154-155|| jisa prakAra nIla Adi kI vAsanAoM ke prabodha kA kAraNa nIla Adi kA pratyakSa darzana mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra bhAva, abhAva, ubhaya, avaktavya Adi dharmasvarUpa artha kA pratyakSa bhI una bhAva Adi kI vAsanAoM ke jagAne kA kAraNa svayama iSTa kara lenA pddegaa| isa prakAra bhAva Adi svarUpa artha kI pratyakSa pramANa se jJapti honA siddha hotA hai| (bauddha) yadi nirvikalpakajJAna jisa aMza meM vAsanAoM ke dvArA isa savikalpaka buddhi ko utpanna karAtA hai to usI viSaya ko jAnane meM isa pratyakSa kA pramANapanA vikalpabuddhi dvArA vyavasthita kiyA jAtA hai| anyathA (yAnI bhAva Adi kA pratyakSajJAna honA na mAnane para) pramANatA kaise vyavasthita ho sakegI? vikalpajJAna kI samIcIna utpatti hone meM koI vizvAsa nahIM rahegA (yAnI pratyakSa kI bhitti para hI vikalpa jJAna kI utpatti mAnane meM to zraddhA ho sakatI hai, anyathA nhiiN)||156||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 186 yadi hi bhAvAdivikalpavAsanAyAH prabodhakAraNamAbhogAdyeva na punarbhAvAdidarzanaM tadA nIlAdivikalpavAsanayApi na nIlAdidarzanaM prabodhanibaMdhanamAbhogazabdayoreva ttkaarnntvaaptteH| evaM ca nIlAdau darzanAbhAvepi vikalpavAsanAyAH saMbhavAt sarvatra pratyakSapRSThabhAvino vikalpasya sAmarthyAtpratyakSasya pramANatAvasthApane'nAzvAsa eva syAt / svalakSaNadarzanaprabhavo vikalpastatpramANatAheturna sarva iti cennaanyonyaashryprsNgaat| tathAhi-siddhe svalakSaNadarzanaprabhavatve vikalpasya tatastaddarzanapramANatAsiddhiH tatsiddhau ca svasya svalakSaNadarzanaprabhavatvasiddhiriti nAnyatarasyApi tthorvyvsthaa| svalakSaNadarzanaprabhavatvaM nIlAdivikalpasya svasaMvedanAdeva siddhaM sarveSAM vikalpasya pratyAtmavedyatvAt tato nAnyonyAzraya iti cet, tarhi bhAvAbhAvobhayAdivikalpasyApyaliMgajasya zabdajasya ca bhAvAdidarzanaprabhavatvaM svasaMvedanAdeva kuto na ___ yadi bhAvAdi vikalpa vAsanAoM ko jAgRta karane kA kAraNa Abhoga Adi hI hai; bhAva abhAva Adi kA pratyakSa karanA vAsanA kA prabodhaka nahIM hai, taba to nIla Adi kI vikalpa vAsanAoM kA prabodhaka nIlAdi darzana bhI nahIM ho skte| apitu paripUrNatA aura zabda ko hI una nIla Adi kI vAsanAoM kA prabodha karane meM kAraNatA prApta ho jaayegii| isa prakAra nIla Adi meM darzana kA abhAva hone para bhI vikalpa vAsanAoM kI utpatti kI saMbhAvanA hai| sarvatra pratyakSa ke pIche hone vAle vikalpa jJAna ke sAmarthya se pratyakSa kI pramANatA ke vyavasthApana meM avizvAsa hI banA rhegaa| svalakSaNa nirvikalpa darzana (pratyakSa) se utpanna vikalpa jJAna usa pratyakSa pramANa kA vyavasthApaka hetu hai| sarva hI vikalpa jJAna pratyakSajanya tathA pratyakSoM kI pramANatA kA vyavasthApaka nahIM hai| aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai. kyoMki aisA mAnane para anyo'nyAzraya doSa AtA hai| jainAcArya usI ko anumAna dvArA siddha karate haiM, uttara kAlavartI vikalpa jJAna kA svalakSaNa darzana se utpanna honA siddha ho jAne para vikalpa jJAna se usake pUrvavartI janaka pratyakSa kA pramANapanA siddha hogA aura usa pUrvavartI pratyakSa kA pramANapanA siddha ho jAne para svayaM vikalpa jJAna ke svalakSaNa pratyakSa se utpanna honA siddha hogaa| isa prakAra una donoM meM se kisI eka kI bhI vyavasthA na ho skegii| nIla Adi ke vikalpajJAna kA svalakSaNa pratyakSa se utpanna ho jAnA to svayam vikalpa ko jAnane vAle svasaMvedana pratyakSa se hI siddha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki sampUrNa jIvoM ke vikalpa jJAnoM kA pratyeka AtmA meM apane-apane svasaMvedana se jAnane kI yogyatA nirNIta hai ata: parasparAzraya doSa nahIM AtA hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para syAdvAdI kahate haiM ki bhAva, abhAva, ubhaya Adi sAta dharmoM ko jAnane vAle vikalpajJAna kA bhI jo ki liGgajanya jJAna nahIM hai aura jo vikalpajJAna zabda se bhI janya nahIM hai, usakA bhI bhAva Adi ke darzana se utpatti svasaMvedana pratyakSa se hI kyoM nahIM siddha hogI ? avazya hogI kyoMki inameM sarvathA vizeSatA kA abhAva hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 187 te|| siddhyet? sarvathA vishessaabhaavaat| tadayaM nIlAdyarthaM pAramArthikamicchatA cAdyamavitathopagaMtumarhatyeveti tadanumAne sapta hetavaH syuH| yatazcaivaM kRttikodayAdeH kathaMcitpratItyatikrameNa svabhAvahetutvaM bruvataH sarvaH svabhAvahetuH syAdeka ev| saMbaMdhabhedAttadbhedaM sAdhayataH sAmAnyato vizeSatazca svessttliNgsNkhyaaksstiH| viSayabhedAcca tadbhedamicchataH saptavidho heturrthsyaastitvaadisptruuptyaanumeytvopptteH|| tasmAtpratItimAzritya hetuM gmkmicchtaa| pakSadharmatvazUnyostu gamakaH kRttikodyH||157|| palvalodakanairmalyaM tadAgastyudaye sa ca / tatra hetuH sunirNItaH pUrvaM zaradi sanmataH // 15 // caMdrAdau jalacaMdrAdi sopi tatra tathAvidhaH / chAyAdipAdapAdau ca sopi tatra kadAcana // 159 // nIla Adi arthoM ko vastubhUta cAhane vAlA yaha bauddha bhAva Adi sAta dharmoM ko satyArtharUpa svIkAra karane ke lie yogya ho hI jAtA hai| isa prakAra una sAta dharmoM ke anumAna karAne meM vizeSarUpa se sAta hetu ho jaaeNge| ataH pratIti kA atikramaNa karake isa prakAra AkAza ko pakSa mAnakara kRttikodaya, bharaNyudaya Adi ko svabhAvahetupanA kahane vAle bauddhoM ke yahA~ sabhI jJApaka hetu svabhAva hetu ho jAne se eka svabhAva nAma kA hI hetu hogaa| yadi janyajanaka saMbaMdha aura tAdAtmyasaMbaMdha tathA pratiyogitvasaMbaMdha ke bheda se usa jJApaka hetu ke kArya, svabhAva, anupalabdhi ina tIna bhedoM kI siddhi karoge taba to sAmAnya aura vizeSarUpa se svIkRta sva iSTa hetusaMkhyA kI kSati ho jaayegii| arthAt chatra Adi kAraNa hetuoM meM tathA vyApya, pUrvacara, sahacara, bhAvasAdhaka anupalabdhi, abhAvasAdhaka upalabdhi Adi hetu ke bhedoM meM bhI janakajanya saMbaMdha, vyApyavyApakasaMbaMdha, pUrvottarakAlasambandha Adi sambandhoM ke bheda hone se aneka hetu siddha ho jAyeMge tathA viSayoM ke bheda se usa hetu ke bhedoM ko svIkAra karane vAle bauddha ke yahA~ sAta prakAra ke hetu siddha ho jaaeNge| kyoMki, astitva Adi sAta dharmarUpa artha kA anumeyapanA siddha hai| ataH pramANoM se prasiddha pratIti ke Azraya se hetu kI jJApakatA cAhane vAle bauddhoM ke dvArA pakSa dharma se zUnya bhI kRttikodaya hetu uttarakAla meM hone vAle rohiNI sAdhya kA yA pUrvakAla meM ho cuke bharaNyudaya sAdhya kA jJApaka ho jAtA hai ataH hetu kA pakSadharmatva lakSaNa ThIka nahIM hai, avyApti doSa se dUSita hai| 157 // sarovara kA jala nirmala hai, agasti nAma ke tAre kA udaya hone se, isa anumAna meM agasti kA udaya hetu to agasti meM rahatA hai aura nirmalatArUpa sAdhya sarovara ke pAnI meM rahatA hai, kintu zarad Rtu ke Ane para usa samaya sAdhya ke sAtha niyatarUpa se vahA~ hetu nirNIta ho jAtA hai||158|| arthAt pakSa dharma se zUnya agasti kA udayarUpa hetu tAlAba ke jala kI svacchatA kA nimitta ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra avinAbhAva sambandha se pakSadharma se zUnya jala meM pratibiMbita candra Adi bhI AkAza meM sthita sUrya, candramA Adi ke uparAga (grahaNa) kalAhInatA, Adi kA anumAna karane meM gamaka hote hai| tathA vRkSa jala Adi ko sAdhane meM pakSadharmatva zUnya chAyA, zItalatA Adi hetu gamaka mAne gae haiN| vahA~ kabhI una hetuoM kA apane sAdhya ke sAtha sambandha jAnA jA cukA hai||159|| dUra sthita zuSka patte rUpa svahetu
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 188 parNakoyaM svasaddheturbalAdAheti duurge| kAryakAraNabhAvasyAbhAvepi sahabhAvitA // 160 // pitrorbrAhmaNatA putrabrAhmaNye pkssdhrmkH| siddho heturato nAyaM pkssdhrmtvlkssnnH||161|| nanvAkAzakAlAderdharmitve bhaviSyacchakaTodayapalvalodakanairmalyAdeH sAdhyatve kRttikodayatvAgastyudayAdehetutve pakSadharmatvayuktasyaiva hetutvamato nApakSadharmatvalakSaNo hetuH kazciditi cet , kimevaM cAkSuSatvAdi: zabdAnityatvaheturna syAt? na hi jagato vA dharmacAkSuSatvaM mahAnasadhUmaH pkssdhrmH| tathAhi-zabdAnityayogi jagaccAkSuSatvayogitvAt mahodadhi jagan mahAnasadhUmayogitvAditi kathaM na cAkSuSatvaM zabdAnityatvaM sAdhayet mahAnasadhUmo vA mahodadhau vahni tathA tvayA saMbhavAditi cet kRttikodayAdeH kutonvayasaMbhavaH ke bala se yaha vaTa kA vRkSa hai-isa prakAra yaha jJAna ho jAtA hai ataH apane sAdhya ko siddha karAne meM saddhetu kahA gayA hai| yahA~ dUra meM sUkhe par3e hue patte aura vRkSa kA vartamAna meM kAryakAraNa bhAva sambandha na hone para bhI sahabhAvitA grahaNa kara lI jAtI hai| isa hetu meM bhI pakSadharmatva nahIM hai||160|| yaha lar3akA brAhmaNa hai kyoMki isake mAtA-pitA brAhmaNa haiN| mAtApitA kA brAhmaNatva mAtA-pitA meM hai aura pakSa koTi meM putra hai ata: pakSadharmatvazUnya bhI yaha hetu siddha hai| ata: yaha vartanA hetu kA nirdoSa lakSaNa nahIM hai||161|| zaMkA : AkAza, kAla, deza Adi ko dharmI mAna lene para aura bhaviSya meM hone vAle rohiNI udaya yA vartamAna meM sarovara ke pAnI kI nirmalatA Adi ko sAdhya tathA kRttikodayapanA, agasti tArA kA udaya, Adi ko hetu karane para pakSadharmatva lakSaNa se yukta hI ko hetupanA siddha hotA hai ata: koI bhI hetu pakSadharmatva se rahita nahIM hai| samAdhAna : isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para to cAkSuSatA Adi bhI zabda kI anityatA sAdhane kA hetu kyoM na hoMge? avazya hoNge| ata: jagat kA dharma cAkSuSatva nahIM hai-aisA nahIM samajhanA caahie| arthAt jagat kA dharma cAkSuSatva hI hai tathA rasoIghara kA dhuA~ bhI jagat rUpa pakSa kA dharma hai| isI ko anumAna dvArA siddha karate haiN| jagat zabda anityatA ko dhArane vAlA hai| kyoMki netra indriyajanya pratyakSa ke viSayapana ko dhArane vAlA hone se; dUsarA anumAna mahAn bar3avAnala ko dhArane vAle samudra se sahita jagat agnimAna hai, rasoIghara ke dhuA~ kA sambandhI hone se| isa prakAra cAkSuSapnA hetu zabda kI anityatA ko kyoM nahIM siddha karegA? athavA rasoI ghara kA dhuA~ (hetu) mahAsamudra meM agni ko kyoM nahIM siddha karegA? kyoMki jagat ko pakSa karane para yaha ghaTita ho jAtA hai| bauddha kahate haiM ki isa prakAra cAkSuSatva ke zabda ke anityatva ke sAtha anvaya nahIM hai, aura mahAnasa dhUma kA samudra kI agni ke sAtha anvaya asambhava hai ataH hetu kA pahalA rUpa pakSavRttipanA hote hue bhI dUsarA rUpa sapakSavRttipanA nahIM ghaTita hone se ve samIcIna hetu nahIM haiN| isake pratyuttara meM jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki yadi aisA hai to kRttikodaya Adi ko AkAzarUpa pakSa meM bauddhoM ne anvaya kI saMbhAvanA kaise mAna
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 189 pUrvopalabdhAkAzAdedRSTAMtasya sadbhAvAdanvayaH siddhyatIticet , pUrvopalabdhajagato dRSTAMtasya siddhezcAkSuSatvayogitvAderanvayostu vizeSAbhAvAt tathApyasyAvinAbhAvAsaMbhavAdagamakatvevinAbhAvasvabhAvameva pakSadharmatvaM gamakatvAMgaM liMgasya lkssnnN| tathA ca na dharmadharmisamudAyaH pakSo nApi tattaddharmI tddhrmtvsyaavinaabhaavsvbhaavtvaabhaavaat| kiM tarhi, sAdhya eva pakSa iti pratipattavyaM tddhrmtvsyaivaavinaabhaavitvniymaadityucyte|| sAdhyaH pakSastu naH siddhastaddharmo heturitypi| tAdRkSapakSadharmatvasAdhanAbhAva eva vai||162|| ___ kathaM punaH sAdhyasya dharmasya dharmo hetustasyAdharmitvaprasaMgAditi cet na, tenAvinAbhAvAttasya dharma ityabhidhAnAt / na hi sAdhyAdhikaraNatvAtsAdhyadharmaH heturyena sAdhyadharmA dharmI syaat| tataH sAdhyAvinAbhAvI hetuH pakSadharma iti syAdvAdinAmeva pakSadharmatvaM hetorlakSaNamaviruddhaM spaSTamavinAbhAvitvasyaiva tathAbhidhAnAt / lI hai? hetu aura sAdhya se sahita pUrva meM dRSTa AkAza Adi dRSTAnta vidyamAna haiM? ata: kRttikodaya kA zakaTodaya ke sAtha anvaya siddha ho jAtA hai, aisA kahane para to cAkSuSatva, zabdAnityatva Adi se sahita pahale jAna liye gaye jagat ko dRSTAntapanA siddha hone se cAkSuSatvayogIpana, mahAnasadhUmase sahitapana,Adi hetuoM kA bhI anvayatva bana jAtA hai, kyoMki inameM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai, phira bhI yadi avinAbhAva kA asambhava ho jAne se ina cAkSuSatva, mahAnasadhUma Adi ko zabda ke anityatva yA samudra meM agnirUpa sAdhyoM kA sAdhakapanA nahIM hai, aisA mAnoge taba to avinAbhAvasvarUpa hI pakSavRttitva siddha hI hai aura vaha anyathAnupapatti hI hetu ke jJApakapana kA aGga hI nirdoSa lakSaNa hai| ... isa prakAra dharma aura dharmI kA samudAya rUpa pakSa nahIM banatA hai (yAnI sAdhyarUpI dharma aura sAdhyavAn parvata Adi dharmI kA samudAya bhI pakSa siddha nahIM hotA hai)| tathA, usa hetu aura sAdhya se viziSTa dharmI bhI pakSa nahIM hai, kyoMki usameM pakSa meM rahane rUpa avinAbhAva svabhAva kA abhAva hai| zaMkA : pakSa kise kahate haiM ? samAdhAna : anyathAnupapattirUpa hetu se sAdhane yogya zakya, abhipreta, aprasiddharUpa sAdhya hI pakSa hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| aise usa pakSa kA dharmapanA hI avinAbhAvIrUpa niyama ho sakatA hai| isI bAta kA spaSTa nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| ... hamAre syAdvAda mata meM prayogakAla meM sAdhane yogya sAdhya hI pakSa mAnA gayA hai aura usa sAdhya kA dharma hetu siddha hai, yaha bhI abhISTa hai| aisA hone para hetu ke pakSavRttitvarUpa sAdhane kA nizcaya se abhAva hI hai| arthAt pakSadharmatva hetu kA lakSaNa ghaTita nahIM hotA hai||162|| __usa sAdhya dharma kA dharma hetu kaise ho sakatA hai ? kyoMki aisA mAnane para usa sAdhya ke adharmIpana kA prasaMga AtA hai-aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki usa sAdhya ke sAtha hetu kA avinAbhAva hone se usa sAdhya kA dharma hetu hai, aisA kaha diyA jAtA hai (saMyoga sambandha se parvata meM agni rahatI hai, kintu niSThatva sambandha se agni meM parvata rahatA hai| viSayatA sambandha se artha meM jJAna rahatA hai kintu viSayitA saMbaMdha se jJAna meM artha rahatA hai| janyatva sambandha se beTe putra kA pitA hai aura janakatva sambandha se pitA kA putra hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 190 tacca kRttikodayAdiSu sAdhyadharmiNyasatsvapi yathA pratItirvidyata eveti kimAkAzAdidharmiparikalpanayA prtiitytilNghnaapryaatiprsNginyaa| tathA ca na parikalpitaM pakSadharmatvaM hetorlakSaNaM nApyanvaya ityabhidhIyate // niHzeSaM sAtmakaM jIvaccharIraM prinnaaminaa| puMsA prANAdimattvasya tvanyathAnupapattitaH // 163 // sapakSasattvazUnyasya hetorasya smrthnaat| nUnaM nizcIyate sadbhirnAnvayo hetulakSaNam // 164 // na cAdarzanamAtreNa vyatirekaH prsaadhyte| yena saMzayahetutvaM rAgAdau vaktRtAdivat // 165 // samavAya sambandha se zAkhAoM meM vRkSa hai aura samavetatva sambandha se vRkSa meM zAkhAe~ haiN| isI prakAra avinAbhAva sambandha se sAdhya meM hetu rahatA huA sAdhya kA dharma ho jAtA hai)| sAdhya ko saMyoga sambandha se adhikaraNa banAkara usameM rahane vAlA hetu hI sAdhya dharma bane, yaha koI niyama nahIM hai jisase ki sAdhyarUpI dharma puna: dharmI bana jAe, ataH sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhane vAlA hetu hI sAdhyarUpa pakSa kA dharma hai aisI vivakSA hone para syAdvAdiyoM ke hetu kA lakSaNa pakSadharmatva virodha rahita siddha hotA hai, tathA, spaSTarUpa se avinAbhAvIpana kA hI pakSavRttitva se kathana kiyA hai| jaise vaha pakSa dharmatva kRttikodayarUpa sAdhyadharma meM nahIM rahane para bhI hetu kI pratIti hai| aisI dazA meM AkAza, kAla Adi ko dharmIpana kI kalpanA karane se kyA lAbha hai? arthAt kucha bhI prayojana siddha nahIM hotA hai| usI prakAra kRttikodaya ke lie AkAza Adi kI kalpanA bhI pratIti kA ullaMghana karane meM tatpara atiprasaMga doSa se yukta hai| tathA prativAdI ke dvArA kalpita pakSavRttitva hetu kA lakSaNa siddha nahIM hai va hetu kA dUsarA svarUpaanvaya bhI hetu kA nirdoSa lakSaNa nahIM hai| arthAt sapakSa sattva hetu kA lakSaNa nirdoSa nahIM hai usI ko kahate jIvita puruSoM ke sampUrNa zarIra utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyarUpa pariNAma karane vAle puruSa ke dvArA AtmA sahita haiM, kyoMki zvAsa, ucchvAsa Adi prANAdimattva anyathA (yAnI Atmasahitapane ke binA) siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai| (jo sAtmaka nahIM hai, vaha prANa Adi se yukta nahIM hai| jaise ghaTa, paTa Adi haiN| jo-jo prANAdimAna haiM, ve-ve sAtmaka haiM, aisA anvaya dRSTAnta yahA~ nahIM milatA hai kyoMki sabhI prANAdimAna AtmA jIvita zarIroM ke antargata haiN| pakSa se bahirbhUta sapakSa honA cAhie), ata: sapakSa sattva se rahita bhI isa prANAdimatva hetu kA samarthana karane se sajjana puruSoM ke dvArA yaha avazya nizcita kara liyA jAtA hai ki hetu kA lakSaNa anvaya (yAnI sapakSasattva) nahIM hai arthAt sapakSasattva hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai||163-164|| kevala nahIM dIkhane se hI kisI kA abhAva siddha nahIM hotA jisase hetu saMdigdha vyabhicArI ho jAtA hai, jaise ki buddha meM rAga, dveSa Adi kI siddhi karane para vaktApana, puruSapana, Adi hetu saMdigdha vyabhicArI ho jAte haiM (arthAt buddha rAgAdimAn hai-vaktA hone se, puruSa hone se parantu vaktA aura puruSa ke hone para bhI vItarAgapanA saMbhava hai, ata: jaise rAgAdi ko sAdhane meM vaktApana hetu saMdigdha vyabhicArI hai aisA prANAdimatva hetu saMdigdha nahIM hai)| usa AtmA ke vicAra, zakti, bolanA, calanA Adi kAryoM kA bhasma Adi meM abhAva dekhA jAne se unameM prANa Adi kA abhAva siddha hai| isa prakAra sAdhya ke nahIM hone para hetu kA nahIM rahanA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 191 AtmAbhAvo hi bhasmAdau ttkaarysyaasmiikssnnaat| siddhaH prANAdyabhAvazca vyatirekavinizcayaH // 166 / / vaakriyaakaarbhedaadertyNtaabhaavnishcitH| nivRttinizcitA tajjJaiH ciMtA vyAvRttisAdhanI // 167 // sarvakAryAsamarthasya cetanasya nivartanaM / tatazcetkena sAdhyeta kUTasthasya niSedhanam // 16 // ___ yathA hi sarvakAraNAsamarthaM caitanyaM kAryAbhAvAdbhasmAdau niSeddhumazakyaM tathA kUTasthamapi krmyogpdyaabhyaamrthkriyaavirodhaat|| kSaNikatvena na vyAptaM sattvamevaM prsiddhyti| saMdigdhavyatirekAcca tatosiddhiH kSaNakSaye // 169 // cetanAcetanArthAnAM vibhAgazca na siddhyti| cittasaMtAnanAnAtvaM nijasaMtAna eva vA // 170 // na vedyavedakAkAravivekota: svsNvidH| sarvakAryeSvazaktasya sa tvasaMbhavabhASaNe // 171 // rUpa vyatireka kI vizeSatA se nizcaya kiyA gayA hai| (AtmA ke vacana, kriyA, AkAra, bhoga, ceSTA Adi vizeSoM kA bhasma Adi meM atyantAbhAva nizcita hai), ata: usa Atmatattva ko jAnane vAle vidvAnoM ke dvArA bhasma Adi meM AtmA ke sAtha prANAdi kI nivRtti nizcita kara dI gaI hai| vyatireka vyApti ko jAnane vAlA vyAptijJAna sAdhya aura sAdhana kI vyAvRtti ko sAdha detA hai||165-166-167|| ___yadi sarva kArya karane meM asamartha cetana kA nivartana kiyA jAtA hai to phira kUTasthapane kA niSedha karanA kisake dvArA siddha hogA // 168 // - jisa prakAra sampUrNa kAryoM ke karane meM asamartha caitanya ko bhasma Adi meM kArya kA abhAva hone se, niSedha karane ke lie azakya hai (arthAt-bhasma, mRtazarIra Adi meM vacana, zvAsa Adi kAryoM ko karane vAle caitanya kA abhAva hai)| kintu sabhI kAryoM ko karane meM asamartha caitanya kA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| usI prakAra kUTasthapana kA bhI bhasma, AtmA, zabda Adi meM krama aura yugapat arthakriyA kA virodha ho jAne ke kAraNa niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA (arthAt kUTastha nitya vA sarvathA kSaNika se kheta meM prApta huI bhasma aba khAta hokara anna svarUpa paryAyoM ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatI, ata: sarvathA nitya vA kSaNika siddha nahIM ho sktaa)| ___ isa prakAra kSaNika ekatva se vyApta sattva siddha nahIM hai, kyoMki kSaNakSayI padArtha meM saMdigdha aura vyatireka hone se sattva hetu asiddha hai arthAt sattva hetu se kSaNikatva siddha hone kA abhAva hai||169|| bauddhoM ke yahA~ cetana aura acetana arthoM kA vibhAga karanA bhI siddha nahIM hotA hai tathA vijJAnarUpa citta kI aneka saMtAneM nahIM bana skeNgii| athavA apane nija kI koI saMtAna hI nahIM bana skegii| arthAt kSaNika darzana meM cetanA, cetana padArtha kA vibhAga, citta saMtAna kA nAnApanA aura svakIya nija saMtAna kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii||170|| .. sabhI kAryoM meM azakta horahe padArtha kA sadbhAva karane meM svasaMvedanajJAna kA isa vedyAkAra aura vedakAkAra se pRthak bhAva siddha nahIM ho skegaa||171|| arthAt vijJAnAdvaitavAdI ke svasaMvedana meM vedya-vedaka bhAva nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki zuddha jJAna meM vedya-vedaka bhAva nahIM hai| cetana padArthoM meM acetana padArtha nahIM hai,
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 192 na saMti cetnessvcetnaastdvednaadikaaryaasttvaat| tathA na saMtyacetanArtheSu cetanAstita eveti cetanAcetanavibhAgo na siddhyatyeva sarvakAryakaraNAsamarthAnAM teSAM tatra niSeddhumazakteH / cetanArthA eva saMtu tathA vijJAnavAdAvatArAjjaDasya pratibhAsayogAditi cenna, tathA vijJAnasaMtAnAnAM naanaatvaaprsiddheH| kvaciccittasaMtateH saMtAnAMtarANAM sarvakAryakaraNAsamarthAnAM svakAryAsattvepi sattvAvirodhAt / mA bhUtsaMtAnAMtarasiddhistatheSTeriticenna, nijsNtaansyaapysiddhiprsNgaat| vartamAnacittakSaNe saMvedyamAne pUrvottaracittakSaNAnAmanubhavamAtramapyakurvatAM prtisseddhumshkytvaadekcittkssnnaatmktvaaptteH| na caikaH kSaNa: saMtAno nAma tata eva saMvedanAdvaitamastu uttama pAnadvayamiti vcnaat| nedamapi siddhyati vedyvedkaakaarviveksyaavyvsthaanaat| saMvedane vedyavedakAkArau na sta: svayamapratibhAsanAditi na zakyaM vaktumapratibhAsamAnayoH sttvvirodhaat| tata: kvacitkasyacitpratibhAsanAdeH kyoMki vedana, sukha, duHkha anubhava Adi kArya acetanoM meM nahIM pAye jAte haiN| usI prakAra acetana arthoM meM cetana padArtha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki unake alaga-alaga kArya paraspara meM nahIM dekhe jAte haiN| isa prakAra cetana aura acetana padArthoM kA vibhAga to bauddhoM ke yahA~ siddha hI nahIM ho pAtA hai, kyoMki sampUrNa kAryoM ke karane meM asamartha una caitanyoM kA una arthoM meM niSedha karane ke lie azakti hai (samarthatA nahIM hai)| vijJAnAdvaitavAdI bauddha kahate haiM ki jagat meM cetana artha hI rahe, koI bhI padArtha acetana nahIM hai, kyoMki sarvatra vijJAnavAda kA avatAra ho rahA hai| jar3a padArtha kA to pratibhAsa honA ayukta hai| isa prakAra nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki aisA mAnane para bauddhoM ke yahA~ vijJAna kI saMtAnoM kI anekatA prasiddha nahIM ho skegii| kisI prakRta eka citta saMtati ke (saMtAna meM) sampUrNa dRzyamAna kAryoM ke karane meM asamartha anya saMtAnoM ke nija kA koI kArya na hone se bhI unake sadbhAva kA koI virodha nahIM hai| (bauddhoM ke vicArAnusAra sarvatra sabakA sadbhAva sambhavanIya hai)| santAniyoM kI pravAharUpa saMtAna ke saMtAnAntara kI siddhi nahIM hai, kyoMki saMtAnAntara kA nahIM honA hameM iSTa hai| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA kahane para bauddhoM ke yahA~ apane nija ke pUrva aparakAla meM pravahamAna pariNAmoM kI eka saMtAna banane kI asiddhi kA prasaMga AegA (arthAt apane nija kI santAna bhI siddha nahI ho skegii)| vartamAna kAla ke eka cittakSaNa kA saMvedana hotA hai aisA mAnane para pUrvottara cittakSaNoM kA niSedha karanA zakya nahIM hai| aisI dazA meM pUrva uttara kAla ke sabhI vijJAnarUpa cittakSaNoM ko vartamAna kAla ke eka cittakSaNasvarUpa ho jAne kA prasaMga AvegA, kintu eka hI kSaNa kA kSaNika pariNAma to saMtAna nahIM bana sakatA hai arthAt bhUta bhaviSya ke binA vartamAna koI padArtha nahIM hai| zuddhavijJAnAdvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki isalie eka saMvedanAdvaita hI uttama hai| hamAre granthoM meM kahA hai ki saMvedana kA advaya hI uttama hai, kintu yahA~ bhI bauddhoM kA kahanA siddha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki, aisA mAnane para vedya AkAra aura jJAna ke vedana AkAroM kA pRthagbhAva vyavasthita nahIM ho pAtA hai| "saMvedana meM svayaM jAnane yogya vedya AkAra aura svayaM jAnane vAlA vedaka AkAra-ye donoM nahIM haiM kyoMki una AkAroM kA svayaM pratibhAsa nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kathana zakya nahIM hai, kyoMki
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 193 svakAryasyAbhAvAdabhAvasAdhane bhasmAdau caitanyasya svakAryanivRttinizcayAdabhAvo nizcetavya iti vipakSe bAdhakapramANAdeva prANAdimattvasya vyatireka: sAdhyate na punaradarzanamAtreNa yataH saMzayahetutvaM rAgAdau vaktRtvAderiva syaat| na caivamapariNAminAtmanA sAtmakaM jIvaccharIrasya siddhyti| yataHpariNAminamAtmAnamaMtareNa krmaakrmau| na syAtAM tadabhAve ca na prANAdikriyA kvacit // 172 // tannaikAMtAtmanA jIvaccharIraM sAtmakaM bhvet| niSkalasya shaanekdeshdehaastihaanitH||173|| jagat meM apratibhAsamAna padArthoM kA sadbhAva kahanA viruddha hai ata: kahIM bhI zuddha saMvedana meM kisI vedya AkAra yA vedaka AkAra kA abhAva bhI apane nijI kAryoM kI nivRtti hone kA nizcaya ho jAne se nizcita kara lenA caahie| isa prakAra sabhI jIvita zarIra AtmA sahita haiM, prANa Adi karake viziSTa hone se| isa anumAna meM par3e hue prANAdimattva hetu kA patthara Adi vipakSa meM prANa Adi sattA ke bAdhaka pramANa se hI vyatireka sAdhA jAtA hai, kyoMki kisI ke nahIM dIkhane mAtra se hI kisI kA abhAva siddha nahIM hotaa| jisase ki buddha ke rAga Adi ke sAdhane meM vaktApana, puruSapana Adi hetuoM ke samAna prANAdimattva kA hetupanA saMdigdha ho jaae| arthAt kevala nahIM dIkhane se jaise paramANu, pizAca, puNya, pApa Adi kA abhAva siddha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA vaise hI AtmA kA abhAva siddha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa prakAra apariNAmI AtmA se jIvita zarIra ke sAtmakapanA nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki, AtmA ko pariNAmI mAne binA krama aura akrama nahIM ho sakate tathA una krama aura akrama kA abhAva ho jAne para AtmA meM prANa, ceSTA, sukha, duHkha, saMvedana Adi kriyAyeM kahIM bhI nahIM ho sakatIM // 172 // __ ata: eka hI dharmasvarUpa se jIvita zarIra AtmA sahita nahIM hotA hai kyoMki kalAoM yAnI aMzoM se rahita hue AtmA ke eka sAtha aneka dezoM meM rahane vAlI deha meM vidyamAna rahane kI hAni ho jAtI hai| bhAvArtha : jIvita zarIra apariNAmI eka dharma vAle AtmA ke dvArA sAtmaka nahIM hai| sAMza AtmA kA hI zarIra ke bhinna-bhinna avayavoM meM nAnArUpa se pratibhAsa hotA hai||173|| niraMza AtmA mastaka Adi aneka dezoM meM sthita zarIra ko eka hI bAra vyApta kara letA hai aisA kauna zraddhAna kara sakegA?arthAt koI nhiiN| ___ sabase bar3e parama mahattva nAma ke parimANa kA dhArI hone se AtmA aneka deza meM deha ko vyApta kara hI letI hai| vaizeSikoM kA isa prakAra kahanA vyAghAta doSayukta hai kyoMki jo aMzoM se rahita hai, vaha sabase bar3e parimANa vAlA hai, aisA kahane para aMzarahita paramANu ko bhI paramamahAparimANa vAlA hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt niraMza paramANu bhI aneka dezoM meM sthita raha skegaa| yadi punaH svAraMbhaka avayavoM kA abhAva ho jAne se AtmA kA avayavarahitapanA hai, jaise AkAza ko banAne vAle koI choTe avayava nahIM haiM ataH AkAza niravayava mAnA gayA hai| aisA mAnane para to dUsare siddhAnta yAnI syAdvAda mata kI siddhi ho jAtI hai kyoMki AtmA kA sabhI prakAroM se avayavarahitapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| paramANu ke barAbara nApa liye gaye aura nija ke AtmabhUta ho rahe avayavoM (pradezoM) kA AtmA ke koI niSedha nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 194 niSkala: sakRdanekadezadehaM vyApnotyAtmeti kaH zraddadhIta? paramamahattvAdvyApnotyeveti cedvyAhatamidaM niraMzaH paramamahAn veti paramANorapi prmmhttvprsNgaat| yadi punaH svAraMbhakAvayavAbhAvAniravayavatvamAtmano gaganatvAdivaditi mataM tadA paramatasiddhiH sarvathA niravayavatvAsiddheH paramANupramIyamANasvAtmabhUtAvayavAnAmAtmanopratiSedhAditi smrthyissyte|| anekAMtAtmakaM sarvaM sattvAdityAdi sAdhanaM / samyaganvayazUnyatvepyavinAbhAvazaktitaH // 17 // nityAnityAtmakaH zabdaH zrAvaNatvAtkathaMcana / zabdatvAdvAnyathAbhAvAbhAvAdityAdihetavaH // 175 // hetoranvayavaidhurye vyatireko na cenna vai| tena tasya vinaiveSTeH sarvAnityatvasAdhane // 176 // nizcito vyatireka eva hyavinAbhAvaH sAdhanasya nAnyaH sa copadarzitasya sarvasya hetoranvayAsaMbhavena siddhytyev| satyevAgnau dhUma ityanvayanizcayegnyabhAve na kvaciddhUma iti vyatirekanizcayasya dRSTatvAt / ____ bhAvArtha : ghaTa-paTa Adi ko banAne vAle kapAla, taMtu Adi avayavoM ke samAna cittalakSaNa vAle AtmA ko banAne vAle koI avayava nahIM haiM ata: AtmA avayavarahita hai kintu paramANu ke barAbara AkAza pradezoM se nApa liye gaye svakIya aMzoM para zarIravyApI AtmA tadAtmaka hokara rahatA hai ata: AtmA avayavoM se sahita sAMza hai, isa prakaraNa kA yuktipUrvaka nirUpaNa Age kreNge| utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyarUpa sattA sahita hone se sampUrNa padArtha aneka dharmoM se tadAtmaka haiN| tathA arthakriyA ko karane vAle hone se sabhI padArtha pariNAmI haiM, ityAdi hetu samyakprakAra se anvaya se rahita haiM phira bhI avinAbhAva nAma ke guNa kI sAmarthya se samIcIna mAne gae haiM (jaba sabhI padArtha pakSakoTi meM haiM, to sapakSa banAne ke lie koI padArtha zeSa nahIM raha jAtA hai ataH ukta hetu kI sapakSa meM vRtti nahIM hai, aura bhI hetu aise haiM, jo ki sapakSa meM nahIM rahate haiM) zabda dravyArthika naya se nitya aura paryAyArthika naya se anityarUpa hai, karNa indriya se utpanna hue pratyakSa kA viSaya hone se, athavA zabda kathaMcit nitya anitya rUpa hai zabdapanA hone se, yadyapi ina do anumAnoM meM ghaTa, paTa Adi sapakSa to hai, kintu unameM zrAvaNatva aura zabdatva hetu nahIM rahate haiN| kyoMki anyathAbhAva (yAnI sAdhya ke nahIM hone para ho jAne kA abhAva hone se) zrAvaNatva, zabdatva ityAdi hetu bhI vyatireka kI sAmarthya se saddhetu haiN||174-175|| bauddha : sapakSavRttirUpa anvaya ke viyoga ho jAne para anyathAnupapattirUpa vyatireka bhI nahIM ho sktaa| jainAcArya: aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki usa anvaya ke binA hI usa vyatireka kA bana jAnA niyama se abhISTa hai| bauddhoM ke yahA~ bhI sarvapadArthoM kA anityapanA sAdhana karane para anvaya ke binA bhI sattva aura anitya kA avinAbhAva mAna liyA gayA hai||176|| . pratyakSAdi pramANoM se nizcita vyatireka hI hetu kA sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva hai, isase anya koI avinAbhAva nahIM hai, aura vaha avinAbhAva dikhalAye gaye sampUrNa hetuoM kA anvaya ke asaMbhava hone para to siddha nahI hotA hai| agni ke hone para hI dhuA~ hai, isa prakAra ke anvaya kA nizcaya hone para hI agni ke na hone para kahIM bhI dhUma nahIM rahatA hai, isa prakAra ke vyatireka kA nizcaya honA dekhA gayA hai tathA agni
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *195 saMdigdhenvayavyaMtirekasaMdehAcceti na vai maMtavyaM sarve bhAvAH kSaNikA: sattvAdityasyAnvayAsattvepi vyatirekanizcayasya svayamiSTeranyathA tasya gmktvaayogaat| nanvatra satyeva kSaNikatve sattvamiti nizcayamevAnvayostIti cet / atrocyatesAdhye satyeva sadbhAvanizcayaH sAdhanasya yH| sonvayazcettathaivopapattiH sveSTA pro'phlH||177|| yathaiva pratiSedhaprAdhAnyAdanyathAnupapattirvyatireka itISyate tathAvidhaprAdhAnyAttathopapattirevAnvaya iti kimaniSTaM syAdvAdibhistasya hetulkssnntvopgmaat| paropagatastu nAnvayo hetulakSaNaM pakSadharmatvavat nApi vytirekH| sa hi vipakSAdvyAvRtiH vipakSastadviruddhastadanyastadabhAvazceti trividha ev| tatrake hone para hI dhUma hogA yA nahIM hogA, usa prakAra anvaya ke saMdigdha hone para agni ke na hone para kahIM bhI dhUma na hogA yA hogA, aisA vyatireka kA saMdeha bhI ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ko kabhI nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki sampUrNa bhAva kSaNika haiM sat hone se, isa anumAna ke isa sattva hetu kA anvaya nahIM hone para bhI vyatireka kA nizcaya ho jAnA svayaM bauddhoM ne iSTa kiyA hai| anyathA (yAnI anvaya ke samAna vyatireka bhI naSTa ho jAyegA to) usa sattva hetu ko kSaNikatva kA jJApakapanA nahIM bana skegaa| ataH sadhetu kA lakSaNa anvaya hI nahIM ho sakatA apitu vyatireka bhI ho sakatA hai| zaMkA : isa hetu meM kSaNikatva ke rahane para hI sattvahetu kA rahanA, isa nizcaya ko hI anvaya mAnate haiM jo ki anvaya sattvahetu meM vidyamAna hai| (bauddha Agraha) samAdhAna : isa prakAra avadhAraNa kA prakaraNa upasthita hone para zrI vidyAnaMda AcArya pratyuttara meM kahate haiM sAdhya ke hone para hI sAdhana ke sadbhAva kA jo nizcaya hai, vahI anvaya hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usa prakAra sAdhya ke hone para hI hetu kI upapatti honA unhoMne apane yahA~ iSTa kara liyA hai, taba to ThIka hai| isase pRthak sapakSa meM vRttirUpa anvaya mAnanA vyartha hai||177|| - jisa prakAra pratiSedha kI pradhAnatA hone se sAdhya ke binA hetu kI anupapatti anyathAnupapatti nAmaka vyatireka mAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra vidhi kI pradhAnatA hone se sAdhya ke hone para hI hetu kI avasthiti rUpa tathopapatti hI anvaya hai| yaha kyA aniSTa hai ? arthAt nhiiN| syAdvAdiyoM ke dvArA usa tathopapattirUpa anvaya ko hetu kA lakSaNa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| naiyAyika, bauddha Adi ke dvArA svIkRta sapakSa meM vartanA rUpa anvaya hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai jaise ki pakSadharmatva hetu kA rUpa nahIM hai| yahA~ taka pakSadharmatva aura sapakSasattva ina do rUpoM kA hetu kA lakSaNapanA khaNDita kiyA hai| ___bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta vipakSa vyAvRtta rUpa vyatireka bhI hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha tIsarA rUpa vipakSa se vyAvRtti honA hai| vaha vipakSa se vyAvRtti sAdhya viruddha vipakSa, usa sAdhya se anya vipakSa athavA usa sAdhya kA abhAvarUpa vipakSa, ina tIna prakAra kA hI vipakSa ho sakatA hai| ina tInoM meM se ekaeka kA vicAra karate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 196 tadviruddhe vipakSe ca tadanyatraiva hetvH| asatyanizcitAsattvAH sAkalyAneSTasAdhanAH // 178 // yathA sAdhyAdanyasmin vipakSe nizcitAsattvA api hetavognitvAdayo neSTAH sattvAdisAdhanAsteSAM sAdhyAbhAvalakSaNepi pakSe kutshcidnishcitaasttvruuptvaat| tathA sAdhyAviruddhapi vipakSe nizcitAsattvA api dhUmAdayo neSTA agnyAdisAdhanAsteSAmagnyabhAve svymsttvenaanishcyaat| nanu ca sAdhyaviruddho vipakSaH sAdhyAbhAvarUpa eva paryudAsAzrayaNAt prasahyapratiSedhAzrayaNe tu tadabhAvastadviruddhAdanya iti sAdhyAbhAvavipakSa eva vipakSahetorasattvanizcayo vyatireko nAnya ityatrocyate;sAdhyAbhAve vipakSe tu yosattvasyaiva nishcyH| sovinAbhAva evAstu heto rUpAttathAha c||179|| anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim // 180 // usa sAdhya se viruddha vipakSa meM aura usa sAdhya se sarvathA bhinna ho rahe vipakSa meM sAdhya ke na hone para jina hetuoM kA abhAva nizcita nahIM hai, ve hetu sampUrNa rUpa se iSTasAdhya ko sAdhane vAle nahIM haiM ataH prathama vikalpa aura dvitIya vikalpa to prazasta nahIM haiN||178|| jisa prakAra sAdhya se sarvathA bhinna ho rahe vipakSa meM asattva kA nizcaya rakhane vAle bhI sattvAdika hetu agni Adi ko sAdhane vAle iSTa nahIM mAne gae haiM kyoMki una hetuoM ke sAdhyAbhAva lakSaNa kA vipakSa meM kisI bhI kAraNa se avidyamAna rahanA nizcita nahIM hai; usI prakAra sAdhya se viruddha vipakSa meM nizcita hai asattva jinakA, aise dhUma Adi bhI agni Adi ko sAdhane ke lie saddhetu iSTa nahIM mAne gaye haiM, kyoMki, una dhUma AdikoM kA agni ke na hone para svayaM avidyamAnapana kA nizcaya nahIM huA hai, arthAt avinAbhAva kA nizcaya hue binA vipakSa vyAvRtti kA kucha bhI mUlya nahIM hai| zaMkA : vipakSa se bhinna sadRza ko grahaNa karane vAle aura pada ke sAtha naj' kA yoga rakhane vAle paryudAsa kA Azraya karane se sAdhya se viruddha vipakSa sAdhyAbhAvasvarUpa hI hai| tathA sarvathA niSedha ko karane vAle aura kriyA ke sAtha naJ kA yoga dhArane vAle prasajya abhAva kA Azraya lene se to usa sAdhya kA abhAva usake viruddha se anya ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra sAdhyAbhAva hI vipakSa hai aura vipakSa meM hetu ke nahIM rahane kA nizcaya kara lenA vyatireka hai| isase pRthak koI vyatireka nahIM mAnA gayA hai arthAt sAdhya ke nahIM rahane para hetu kA nahIM rahanA vyatireka hai| samAdhAna : isa prakAra bauddha kI zaMkA kA aba yahA~ AcArya pratyuttara dete haiM ki sAdhya ke abhAvarUpa vipakSa meM jo hetu kI asattA kA nizcaya hai, yadi yahI vyatireka hai, taba to vaha avinAbhAva hI hetu kA rUpa hai (avinAbhAva se bhinna anya hetu nahIM hai)| so hI kahA hai ki jahA~ anyathAnupapatti vidyamAna hai, vahA~ pakSadharmatva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti rUpa tIna se kyA prayojana hai ? arthAt kucha nahIM, akelI anyathAnupapatti hI paryApta hai aura jahA~ anyathAnupapatti nahIM hai, vahA~ pakSa dharmatva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti se bhI kyA prayojana hai ? arthAt avinAbhAva ke binA tInoM rUpoM ke hone para bhI kucha lAbha nahIM hai, avinAbhAva hI hetu kA prANa hai||179-180||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 197 yathA caivamanyathAnupapannatvaniyame sati hetorna kiMcittrayeNa pakSadharmatvAdInAmanyatamenaiva paryAptatvAttasyaivAnyathAnupapannasvabhAvasiddheriti ca tasmiMstattrayasya hetvAbhAsagatasyevAkiMcitkaratvaM yuktaM // taddhetostriSu rUpeSu nirNayo yena vrnnitH| asiddhvipriitaarthvybhicaarivipksstH||181|| tena kRtaM na nirNItaM hetorlkssnnmNjsaa| hetvAbhAsAvyavacchedi tadvadetkathamanyathA // 182 // nanu ca pakSadharmatve nirNayazcAkSuSatvAderasiddhaprapaMcasya pratipakSatvena varNitaH sapakSasattve viruddhaprapaMcapratipakSatvena vipakSAsattve cAnaikAMtikavistArapratipakSeNeti kathaM hetvAbhAsAvyavacchedi hetorlakSaNaM tenoktaM yena pAramArthika rUpaM jJAnamiticet anyathAnupapannatvasyaiva hetulakSaNatvenAbhidhAnAditi brUmaH / tasyaivAsiddhaviruddhAnekAMtikahetvAbhAsapratipakSatvasiddheH / na hyanyathAnupapannatvaniyamavacanosiddhatvAdisaMbhavo virodhaat| isa prakAra jaise anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama ke hone para hetu kA una tIna rUpoM se kucha bhI prayojana nahIM sadhatA hai, kyoMki pakSavRttitva Adi tInoM meM se koI eka vipakSavyAvRtti rUpa karake hI pUrNa rUpa se kArya siddha ho jAtA hai aura vahI rUpa anyathAnupapattisvarUpa siddha hai| isa prakAra usa hetu meM una tInoM rUpoM kA rahanA hetvAbhAsagata hone se kucha bhI kArya karane vAlA nahIM hai, akiMcitkara hai, yaha kahanA yuktipUrNa hai, akelA avinAbhAva hI saddhetu kA vidhAtA hai| bauddhoM ne yaha kahA thA 'hetostriSvapi rUpeSu nirNayo yena vrnnitH| asiddhaviparItArtha* vyabhicArivipakSataH' arthAt-asiddha doSa kI vyAvRtti ke lie hetu kA rUpa pakSadharmatva mAnA gayA hai aura viruddha hetvAbhAsa ko haTAne ke lie sapakSasattva mAnA gayA hai tathA vyabhicAra doSa nivAraNa karane ke lie vipakSavyAvRttirUpa mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra tIna hetvAbhAsoM ke pratipakSI hone se hetu kA tIna rUpoM meM nirNaya kiyA gayA hai, parantu isa kathana se usa bauddha ne hetu kA lakSaNa nirdoSa rUpa se nirNIta nahIM kiyA hai anyathA vaha bauddha hetvAbhAsoM ko vyavaccheda nahIM karane vAle usa trairUpya ko hetu kA lakSaNa kaise kaha detA ? lakSya kA jo vizeSaNa alakSya se vyavaccheda karAne vAlA nahIM hai, vaha nirarthaka hai||181-182|| bauddha kahate haiM ki zabda anitya hai, cakSu indriya dvArA grAhya hone se, isa anumAna meM diye gaye cAkSuSatva tathA anya asiddha hetvAbhAsoM ke prapaMca kA pratikUla hone ke kAraNa hetu kA rUpa pakSadharmatva (vRtti) meM nirNIta kara kahA gayA hai tathA viruddha ke bhedaprabhedoM kA pratipakSI hone se hetu kA sapakSasattva meM nirNaya kahA hai tathA vyabhicAra ke vistAra kA pratipakSapane karake vipakSa vyAvRttirUpa meM nirNaya batAyA hai| isa prakAra tInoM rUpoM meM nirNaya karanA hetu kA lakSaNa hai jo ki hetvAbhAsoM kA pRthagbhAva kara rahA hai, ata: hetu kA trirUpa lakSaNa hetvAbhAsoM ko vyavaccheda karane vAlA kyoM nahIM hai? jisa anumAna dvArA vAstavikarUpa kA jJAna hotA hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki anyathAnupapatti ko hI hetu kA nirdoSa lakSaNa hama kahate haiM aura vaha avinAbhAva hI asiddha, viruddha aura anaikAntika hetvAbhAsoM kA pratipakSIrUpa karake siddha ho cukA hai arthAt anyathAnupapatti rUpa hetu hI sarva hetvAbhAsa kA khaNDana kara detA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 198 na caikena sakalapratipakSavyavacchede siddhe tadarthaM trayamabhidadhatAM tadekaM samarthaM lakSaNaM hetoJjataM bhavati tadeva tribhiH svabhAvairasiddhAdInAM trayANAM vyavacchedakamatastAni trINi rUpANi nishcitaanynuktaani| tadavacane vizeSato hetulkssnnsaamrthysyaavcnprsNgaat| taduktau tu vizeSato hetulakSaNaM jJAtameveticet na, abAdhitaviSayatvAdInAmapi vcnprsNgaat| teSAmanuktau baadhitvissytvaadivyvcchedaasiddheH| nizcitatrairUpyasya hetorbAdhitaviSayatvAdyasaMbhavAttadvacanAdeva tadvyavacchedasiddhernAbAdhitaviSayatvAdivacanamiti cet na, hetoH paMcabhiH svabhAvaiH paMcAnAM pakSavyApakatvAdInAM vyavacchedakatvAdvizeSatallakSaNasyaiva kathanAt anyathA tdjnyaanprsNgaat| tadvizeSavivakSAyAM tu paMcarUpatvavat trirUpatvamiti na vaktavyaM sAmAnyatonyathAnupapannatvavacanenaiva paryAptatvAt , rUpatrayamaMtareNa anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama ke kahane para asiddhatva, viruddhatva, vyabhicAritva, bAdhitatva, satpratipakSatva, ina hetvAbhAsoM kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai kyoMki ye viruddha haiM (jahA~ avinAbhAva hai, vahA~ hetvAbhAsa nahIM raha sakatA hai)| eka hI avinAbhAva sambandha se sampUrNa hetvAbhAsarUpa pratipakSiyoM kA vyavaccheda siddha ho jAne para usake lie tIna rUpoM ke hetu kA lakSaNa kathana karane vAle (bauddha) ko hetu kA eka samarthalakSaNa jJAta nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha eka avinAbhAva hI apane tIna svabhAvoM ke dvArA asiddha Adi tIna hetvAbhAsoM kA vyavaccheda kara detA hai, ata: hetu ke nizcita hue ve tIna rUpa nahIM kahe haiN| bauddha : una tIna rUpoM kA kathana nahIM karane para vizeSarUpa se hetu ke lakSaNa kI sAmarthya kA kathana nahIM karane kA prasaMga AtA hai kintu una tInoM rUpoM kA kathana kara dene para vizeSarUpa se hetu kA lakSaNa jJAta. ho hI jAtA hai| (ataH vizeSarUpa se vyutpatti karAne ke lie ve tIna rUpa kaha diye haiN)| jaina - aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki aisA kahane para abAdhita viSaya, asatpratipakSapanA, AzrayAsiddhi rahitapanA, AdirUpoM kA bhI kathana karane kA prasaMga AtA hai, yadi una abAdhita Adi rUpoM ko nahIM kahoge to agni anuSNa haiprameya hone se, ityAdi hetvAbhAsoM kA vyavaccheda siddha nahIM ho skegaa| bauddha kahatA hai ki jisa hetu ke trairUpya kA nizcaya hai, usa hetu ke bAdhita viSayapanA yA satpratipakSapanA Adi doSoM kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM hai ataH usa trairUpya ke kathana karane se hI una bAdhitapana Adi hetu doSoM kA vyavaccheda siddha ho hI jAtA hai| ataH abAdhitaviSayatva Adi rUpa nahIM kahe gaye haiN| __ jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki hetu ke pA~ca svabhAvoM ke dvArA hI pakSa avyApakatva Adi hetu doSoM kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai ataH vizeSarUpa se una pA~coM ko hI hetu kA lakSaNa kahanA caahie| anyathA una rUpoM ke ajJAna hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| tathA hetu ke Avazyaka vizeSarUpa kI vivakSA hone para bauddhoM dvArA jaise naiyAyikoM ke dvArA kathita hetu kA paMcarUpapanA svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAtA hai,usI prakAra tInarUpapanA bhI svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| sAmAnyarUpa se eka anyathAnupapatti ke vacana ke dvArA hI hetu kA pUrA kArya siddha ho jAtA hai (anya tIna yA pA~ca se kyA prayojana hai ?) / bauddha : tInoM rUpoM ke binA hetu ke asiddha Adi tIna doSoM kA vyavaccheda ho nahIM sakatA hai aura usa hetu meM tIna rUpoM ke sadbhAva hone se hetvAbhAsoM kA vyavaccheda ho jAtA hai ata: tIna rUpa kA kathana karanA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 199 hetorsiddhaaditryvyvcchedaanupptteH| tatra tasya tadbhAvAdupapannaM vacanamiti cetrUpatrayasya sadbhAvAttatra tadvacanaM ydi| nizcitatvasvarUpasya caturthasya vaco na kim // 183 // triSu rUpeSu cedrUpaM nizcitatvaM na saadhne| nAjJAtA siddhatA heto rUpaM syaattdvipryyH||184|| pakSadharmatvarUpaM syAjjJAtatve hetvbhedinH| hetorajJAnateSTA cennizcitatvaM tathA na kim // 185 // hetvAbhAsepi tadbhAvAtsAdhAraNatayA na cet / dharmAMtaramivArUpaM hetoH sadapi saMmatam // 186 // hatAsAdhAraNaM siddha sAdhanasyaikalakSaNaM / tattvataH pAvakasyaiva soSNatvaM tadvidAM matam // 187 // yo yasyAsAdhAraNe nizcita: svabhAvaH sa tasya lakSaNaM yathA pAvakasyaiva soSNatvapariNAmastathA ca hetoranyathAnupapannatvaniyama iti na sAdhAraNAnAmanyathAnupapattiniyamavikalAnAM pakSadharmatvAdInAM hetulakSaNatvaM nizcitaM tttvmaatrvt|| yukta hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usa hetu meM tIna rUpoM kA sadbhAva hone se yadi una tIna rUpoM kA kathana karanA mAnate ho to nizcita svarUpa caturtha hetu kA kathana karanA kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai? bauddha kahatA hai ki tIna rUpoM meM nizcitasvarUpa to hai hI ataH usako hetu se pRthak nahIM rakhA jAtA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA kahane para hetu kA rUpa asiddha, ajJAtAsiddha aura viparIta ho jAtA hai // 183-184 // bauddha kahatA hai ki hetu se abhinna hokara rahane vAle pakSadharmatva Adi svarUpa to jJAta anumAna ke prayojaka haiN| hetu ke ina rUpoM ke ajJAta hone para hetu kA ajJAtapanA iSTa kiyA hai (yAnI vaha hetu ajJAta hokara asiddha hai)| isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para to caturtha nizcitapanA bhI hetu kA svarUpa kyoM na hogA? yadi kaho ki nizcitapanA to hetvAbhAsa meM bhI vidyamAna hai, ata: hetu aura hetvAbhAsa meM sAdhAraNarUpa se raha jAne ke kAraNa vaha nizcitapanA samyak hetu kA rUpa nahIM hai| taba to hetu kA vidyamAna pakSadharmatva Adi kabhI anya dharmoM ke samAna hetu ke rUpa nahIM mAne jAeMge, kyoMki ve hetvAbhAsoM meM bhI mila jAte haiN| eka avinAbhAva hI hetu kA nirdoSa svarUpa hai, kheda hai ki phira bhI asAdhAraNa hetu mAnate haiM, vAstavika rUpa se hetu kA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa eka anyathAnupapatti hI siddha hai| jisa prakAra lakSyalakSaNa ko jAnane vAle vidvAnoM ke yahA~ agni kA lakSaNa uSNatA sahitapanA hI mAnA hai|| 185-186-187 // ___ jo svabhAva jisakA asAdhAraNa hokara nizcita kiyA gayA hai, vaha usakA lakSaNa hai (sampUrNa lakSyoM meM rahatA huA jo alakSyoM meM nahIM vyApatA hai, alakSyoM meM nahIM jAtA hai, vaha asAdhAraNa hai) jaise ki agni kA uSNa sahitapanA hI pariNAma hotA hai ata: agni kA lakSaNa uSNatva hai| usI prakAra hetu kA lakSaNa sAdhya ke binA hetu kA nahIM honA rUpa anyathAnupapatti niyama hai| anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama se rahita aura hetvAbhAsoM meM bhI sAdhAraNarUpa se pAye jAne vAle pakSavRttitva, sapakSavRttitva, vipakSavyAvRtti Adi ko hetu kA lakSaNa nizcita nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jaise ki kevala tattva hI hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai, kyoMki tattva to pakSa, sAdhya,
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 200 etena paMcarUpatvaM hetordhvastaM nibudhyte| sattvAdiSvagnijanyatve sAdhye dhUmasya kenacit // 18 // agnijanyoyaM dhUmaH sattvAt dravyatvAdvA dhUme sttvaadersNdigdhtvaat| tathAnvayaM pUrvadRSTadhUmegnijanyatve vyAptasya sattvAdeH sadbhAvAt vyatirekazca kharaviSANAdau sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanasya sattvAderabhAvanizcayAt / tathAtrAbAdhitaviSayatvaM vivAdApanne dhUmegnijanyatvasya baadhkaabhaavaat| tata evAsatpratipakSatvamanagnijanyatvasAdhanapratipakSAnumAnasaMbhavAditi siddhaM sAdhAraNatvaM paMcarUpatvasya trairUpyavat sAmastyena vyatireka nizcayasyAbhAvAdasiddhamiti cenna, tasyAnyathAnupapannatvarUpatvAt / tadabhAve jIva Adi bhI haiN| arthAt-sAmAnya rUpase satpanA bhI hetu kA yA kisI vizeSa padArtha kA lakSaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki sattvapanA hetu samAna hetvAbhAsoM meM bhI ghaTita hotA hai| ___ isa prakAra ukta kathana ke dvArA hetu kA paMcarUpapanA lakSaNa bhI nirasta kara diyA gayA, aisA samajha lenA caahie| kyoMki dhUma ko kisI ke bhI dvArA agni se janyapanA sAdhane para sattva, dravyatva Adi asat hetuoM meM paMcarUpapanA ghaTita ho jAtA hai||188|| naiyAyika kA kathana - yaha dhuA~ agni se utpanna huA hai sattva hone se athavA dravyatva hone se isa anumAna meM diye gaye sattva, dravyatva, paudgalikatva hetuoM kA saMdeharahita dhUmarUpa pakSa meM astitva hai tathA anvaya dRSTAntarUpa sapakSa meM bhI hetu kA astitva hai| pUrvadRSTa dhue~ meM agnijanyapane se vyApta sattva Adi hetuoM kA sadbhAva hai aura vipakSa vyAvRttirUpa vyatireka bhI bana jAtA hai| agnijanyatvarUpa sAdhya ke nahIM hone se kharaviSANa, Adi vipakSoM meM sattva Adi hetuoM kA abhAva nizcita hai, usI prakAra cauthA rUpa abAdhita viSayapanA bhI sattvAdi hetuoM meM ghaTa jAtA hai| vivAda meM par3e hue dhUmarUpapakSa meM agni se janyapanArUpa sAdhya kA koI dUsarA bAdhakapramANa nahIM hai| sabhI dhuA~ Aga se utpanna hai ataH pakSa meM sAdhya ke bAdhaka pramANoM ke na hone se sattva Adi hetu satpratipakSa doSa se rahita hai| sAdhya se viparIta agnijanyapana ke abhAva ko sAdhane ke lie kisI pratipakSI anumAna kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra naiyAyika kA paMcarUpatva bhI bauddhoM ke trairUpya ke samAna hetu kA sAdhAraNa svarUpa siddha hotA hai parantu hetu kA samIcIna lakSaNa paMcarUpatva nahIM ho sktaa| 'pUrNarUpa se vyatireka ke nizcaya kA abhAva hone se nizcaya sattva hetu asiddha hai ataH hetu ko paMcarUpa hI honA caahie|' aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki vAstava meM hetu kA lakSaNa anyathAnupapatti rUpa hI siddha hai| usa anyathAnupapatti ke abhAva meM zeSa cAra rUpa bane bhI raheM to bhI kucha prayojana ko sAdhane vAle na hone se ve akiMcitkara hI haiN| usa eka anyathAnupapatti se rahita (vikala) paMcarUpatva, trirUpatva Adi ko alakSaNa dvArA sAdhane yogya hone se yaha hamArA atideza karanA samucita hai| arthAt samIcIna hetuoM kA atikramaNa kara sattva Adi hetvAbhAsoM meM paMcarUpa sthita hone se paMcarUpatva hetu kA lakSaNa ati-vyApti doSa se dUSita hai, yaha hamArA kahanA ThIka hI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 201 zeSANAmakiMcitkaratvApattestadvikalpasyaiva paMcarUpatvAderalakSaNatvena sAdhyatvAdyuktotidezaH / evamanvayavyatirekiNo heto: paMcarUpatvamalakSaNaM vyavasthApyAnvayinopi nAnvayo lakSaNaM sAdhAraNatvAdevetyAha;anvayo lohalekhyatve paarthivtveshnestthaa| tatputratvAdiSu zyAmarUpatve kvcidiipsite||189|| . lohalekhyo'zaniH pArthivatvAddhAturUpavat , sa zyAmarUpastatputratvAttannaptvAdvA paridRSTatatputrAdivaditi hetvAbhAsepi sadbhAvAdanvayasya saadhaarnntvN| tato hetvlkssnntvN| yastu sAdhyasadbhAva eva bhAvo hetoranvayaH so'nyathAnupapannatvameva tathopapattyAkhyamasAdhAraNaM hetulakSaNaM / paropagatastu nAnvayastallakSaNaM nApi kevalavyatirekiNo vyatireka ityAhaadRSTimAtrasAdhyazca vyatirekaH smiikssyte| vaktRtvAdiSu buddhAdeH kiMcijjJatvasya sAdhane // 190 // isa prakAra anvaya aura vyatireka se sahita hetu kA paMcarUpapanA lakSaNa nahIM hai| isako vyavasthApita kara aba anvaya vAle hetu kA bhI lakSaNa sattvarUpa anvaya nahIM hai kyoMki sattvarUpa anvaya hetu aura hetvAbhAsoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se raha hI jAtA hai arthAt sattva rUpa anvaya hetu aura hetvAbhAsa sAmAnya rUpa se donoM meM pAyA jAtA hai, isa bAta kA granthakAra svayaM pratipAdana karate haiM hIrA pRthvI kA vikAra hone se lohe ke dvArA khuracA jAtA hai jaise pASANa aadi| isa anumAna meM pRthvI kA vikArapanA hetu anvayarUpa se vidyamAna hai| tathA 'garbhasthaH putraH zyAmo bhavitumarhati mitrAtanayatvAt dRSTaputravat' isa anumAna dvArA kisI abhISTa garbhasthita putra meM zyAmarUpapanA sAdhya karane para tatputratva Adi hetuoM meM anvayapanA kahIM para ipsita hai (iSTa hai)||189|| parantu vaha hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM ___vajra lohe kI chainI se khuracane yogya hai, pRthvI dravya kA vikAra hone se| jaise ki anya cAMdI, sonA, Adi dhAtu bheda karake ukere jAte haiM (yA pArthiva padArtha lohe se likhe jAne yogya hai) tathA garbhastha bAlaka kAle rUpa vAlA hai, kyoMki usa mitrA nAma kI kAlI strI kA lar3akA hai athavA usa vivakSita puruSa kA nAtI hai| jaise ki aura bhI katipaya dRSTigata usake putra, pautra, putriyA~ Adi kAle haiN| - isa prakAra hetvAbhAsa meM bhI anvaya kA sadbhAva hai ataH anvaya hetu kA sAdhAraNarUpa hai| isalie kA lakSaNa nahIM ho sktaa| jo sAdhya ke hone para hI hetu kA sadbhAva rUpa anvaya kahA jAegA vaha to tathopapatti nAma kI anyathAnupapatti hetu kA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa hotA hai| tathopapatti (sAdhya ke rahane para . hI hetu kA rahanA) aura anyathAnupapatti (sAdhya ke na rahane para hetu kA nahIM rahanA) rUpa do prakAra se avinAbhAva mAnA gayA hai kintu dUsare vAdiyoM ke dvArA svIkRta anvayIpanA hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai| tathA kevala vyatirekapanA bhI hetu kA lakSaNa vipakSavyAvRttirUpa vyatireka nahIM hai| isa bAta kA granthakAra spaSTIkaraNa karate haiM _ vaktA Adi meM alpajJa buddhAdi ke sAdhana meM dRSTigocara nahIM honA rUpa sAdhya vyatireka dekhA jAtA hai| yadi sampUrNarUpa se sAdhya kA abhAva hone para sakalatA se hetu ke abhAva kA pramANoM se nizcaya karanA
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________________ . tattvArthazlokavArtika 202 sAdhyAbhAve tvabhAvasya nizcayo yaH prmaanntH| vyatirekaH sa sAkalyAdavinAbhAva eva naH // 191 // satyapyabAdhitaviSayatAyAM satyapyasatpratipakSatAyAM ca hetau na rUpAMtaratvamanyathAnupapannatvAdityAha;abAdhitArthatA ca syAnnAnyA tsmaadsNshyaa| na vA satpratipakSatvaM tadabhAvenabhIkSaNAt // 19 // ___ na hi kvaciddhatau sAdhyAbhAvAsaMbhUSNutApAyepyabAdhitaviSayatvamasatpratipakSatvaM samIkSyate yena tato rUpAMtaratvaM / nanu ca yathA sparzAbhAve kvacidasaMbhavavatopi rUpasya sparzAdrUpAMtaratvaM tathAvinAbhAvAbhAve kvacidasaMbhavatopi tato rUpAMtaratvamabAdhitaviSayatvasyAsatpratipakSatvasya ca na virudhyatenyathA sparzAdrUpasyApi rUpAMtaratvavirodhAditi cet naitatsAraM, anyathAnupapannatvAdabAdhitaviSayatvAderabhedAt / vyatireka mAnA jAegA, taba to hamArA avinAbhAva hI Apane vyatireka mAna liyA hai| arthAt alpajJa nahIM hote hue bhI tIrthaMkara vaktA hai, puruSa hai, isameM anyathAnupapatti na hone se hI vaktRtva Adi asaddhetu haiM / / 190191 // jisa hetu ke sAdhya kA koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai, vaha abAdhita viSaya hai| isa prakAra kI abAdhita viSayatA ke hone para bhI aura jisa hetu ke sAdhya ke abhAva ko sAdhane ke lie dUsarA pratipakSI hetu nahIM hai, aisI asatpratipakSatA hote hue bhI hetu meM anyathAnupapatti se atirikta koI dUsarA rUpa kAryakArI nahIM hai| isa bAta kA svayaM vArtikakAra spaSTa nirUpaNa karate haiN| ____ usa anyathAnupapatti se bhinna koI abAdhitaviSayatA nahIM ho sakatI hai| nisaMzaya avinAbhAva hai| abAdhita viSayarUpa hai aura usa anyathAnupapatti ke atirikta asatpratipakSatva bhI koI pRthak rUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki usa anyAnupapatti kA abhAva hone para abAdhita viSayatva athavA asatpratipakSatva dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahA hai||192|| kisI bhI hetu meM sAdhya kA abhAva hone para hetu kA asambhavanArUpa svabhAva ke abhAva hone para bhI abAdhita viSayatva aura asatpratipakSatva nahIM dekhA jAtA hai, jisase ki usa avinAbhAva se una cauthe, pA~caveM abAdhitapanatva aura satpratipakSatva hetu kA pRthak rUpa mAnA jAe arthAt ve donoM hetu ke pRthak rUpa nahIM haiN| ___ zaMkA : jaise sparza ke abhAva meM nahIM hone vAle bhI rUpa kA sparza pRthaktva hai, arthAt sparza se rUpa-guNa pRthak hai, usI prakAra avinAbhAva ke abhAva hone para kahIM bhI nahIM sambhava hone vAlA abAdhita viSayatva aura asatpratipakSatva rUpAntara hai pRthakatva hai viruddha nahIM hai| anyathA (yadi asatpratipakSatva aura abAdhitaviSayatva donoM meM abheda svIkAra kiyA jAyegA to) sparza se rUpa guNa kA bhI bhinnaguNa svarUpa hone kA virodha ho jaaegaa| samAdhAna : isa kathana meM koI sAra nahIM hai, kyoMki anyathAnupapatti se abAdhita viSayatva Adi rUpoM kA abheda hai| arthAt paraspara meM eka dUsare kA abhAva hone para nahIM rahane vAle koI koI padArtha abhinna
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 203 sAdhyAbhAvaprakAreNopapatterabhAvo hyanyathAnupapattiH sa eva vAbAdhitaviSayatvamasatpratipakSatvaM ca pratIyate tatonyat kiMcinnaivaM sparzAdrUpasyAbhedaH pratItibhedAttato vissmo'ymupnyaasH| nanu hetUpanyAse sati krameNa pratIyamAnatvAdavinAbhAvAbAdhitaviSayatvAdInAmapi parasparaM bheda eveti cenna. baadhkkrmaapeksstvaatttkrmprtiiteH| zakeMdrapuraMdarAdipratItivadarthapratIteH krmaabhaavaat| na hyabhinnepyarthe bAdhakabhedo viruddho yatastatkramapratItirarthabhedakrama saadhyet| tato nAmamAtraM bhidyate hetoranyathAnupapannatvamabAdhitaviSayatvamasatpratipakSatvamiti nArthaH / etena yaduktaM hetorabAdhitaviSayatvAbhAve'nuSNognidravyatvAt nityo ghaTaH sattvAt pretyAsukhaprado dharmaH hote haiM jaise ki sattva aura artha kriyAkArIpana sarvathA bhinna nahIM hai aura koI-koI bhinna hote haiM jaise ki jJAnAvaraNa kA vighaTanA aura vIryAntarAya kA vighaTanA avinAbhAva hote hue bhI pRthak-pRthak haiN| isa prakaraNa meM sAdhya kA abhAva hone para hetu kI siddhi kA abhAva honA hI anyathAnupapatti hai| vahI abAdhita viSayapanA aura asatpratipakSapanArUpa pratIta ho rahA hai| usase bhinna kucha nahIM hai kintu isa prakAra sparza guNa se rUpaguNa kA abheda dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki unakI bhinna-bhinna pratIti ho rahI hai ataH yaha dRSTAnta viSama hai| zaMkA : anumAna meM hetu kA upanyAsa ho jAne para krama se pratIyamAna avinAbhAva aura abAdhitaviSayapana Adi kA bhI pArasparika bheda hI hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki bAdhakoM ke krama kI apekSA se unakA krama se honA pratIta ho rahA hai| vastuta: artha kI pratIti karane kA koI krama nahIM hai jaise ki paryAyavAcI zakra, indra, purandara Adi kI pratItiyoM kA krama nahIM hai arthAt eka hI indrarUpa artha ko kahane vAle zabdoM kA uccAraNa krama se hotA hai, kintu artha yugapat jAna liyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra prakRta sAdhya meM sambhAvanA karane yogya pratyakSa, anumAna Adi bAdhakoM kA kramika utthAna hotA hai aura unakA nirAkaraNa bhI eka avinAbhAva dvArA krama se kara diyA jAtA hai| kintu artha vahI eka banA rahatA hai| tathA eka abhinna ke bhI artha meM bhinna-bhinna bAdhakoM kA honA viruddha nahIM hai jisase ki una bAdhakoM kA krama se pratIta honA artha ke bhinnatva ko aura krama ko sAdha detA hai ataH kevala nAma kA hI bheda hai arthAt hetu ko anyathAnupapannapanA kho| abAdhitaviSayapanA aura asatpratipakSapana kaho, isameM koI artha bheda nahIM hai kevala nAma mAtra kA bheda hai| - jo yaha kahA gayA thA ki hetu kA abAdhitaviSayapanArUpa mAnane para agni ThaMDI hai kyoMki dravya hai jo jo dravya hote haiM ve ThaNDe hote haiM jaise vastra, pustaka, jala aadi| tathA ghaTa nitya hai kyoMki vaha sat hai jo-jo sattva haiM ve nitya haiM jaise AtmA, AkAza aadi| dharma dUsare janma meM sukha ko dene vAlA nahIM hai kyoMki AtmA kA guNa vizeSa hai| jo-jo AtmA kA guNa vizeSa hotA hai vaha sukha dene vAlA nahIM hotA jaise pApa karma parajanma meM sukha dene vAlA nahIM hai| ityAdi pratyakSa aura anumAna se abAdhita hetuoM ko apane sAdhya ke abodhakapana kA prasaMga aavegaa| arthAt agni meM ThaNDApana sAdhane ke lie diye gaye dravyatva hetu kA viSaya pratyakSa pramANa se bAdhita hai aura ghaTa meM nityapanA sAdhane ke lie diye gaye sattva hetu kA sAdhya nityatva ghaTa anitya hai, pariNAmI hone se| yaha anumAna se bAdhita hai, tathA para janma meM dharma se sukha kI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 204 puruSaguNavizeSatvAdityevamAdeH pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAmabAdhitaviSayasyApyagamakatvaprasaktirasatpratipakSatvAbhAve ca satpratipakSasya sarvagataM sAmAnyaM sarvatra satpratyayahetutvAdityevamAdergamakatvApattiriti tatpratyAkhyAtaM / pratyakSAdibhiH sAdhyaviparItasvabhAvavyavasthApanasya bAdhitaviSayatvasya vacanAt / pratipakSAnumAnena ca tasya satpratipakSatvasyAbhidhAnAt tadvyavacchedasya ca sAdhyasvabhAvena tathopapattirUpeNa sAmarthyAdanyathAnupapattisvabhAvena siddhatvAdabAdhitaviSayatvAde rUpAMtaratvakalpanAnarthakyAt satyapi tasya rUpAMtaratve tannizcayAsaMbhavaH parasparAzrayaNAt tatsAdhyavinizcayayorityAhayAvacca sAdhanAdarthaH svayaM na prtinishcitH| tAvanna baadhnaabhaavsttsyaacchkyvinishcyH||193|| sati hi bAdhanAbhAvanizcaye hetorabAdhitaviSayatvAsatpratipakSatvasiddheH sAdhyanizcayastannizcayAcca prApti hotI hai| Agama se 'puruSaguNavizeSatva hetu kA sAdhya sukha nahIM denA hai' bAdhita hotA hai ata: hetu kA guNa abAdhita viSayatva mAnanA caahie| tathA hetu kA guNa asatpratipakSapanA nahIM mAnane para satpratipakSa hetvAbhAsoM ko bhI sAdhya jJApakapane kA prasaMga ho jaayegaa| sAmAnyasvarUpa jAti sarvatra vyApaka hai kyoMki sabhI sthaloM para hai isa jJAna kA kAraNa hone se arthAt isa anumAna kA pratipakSI anumAna isa prakAra haisadRzapariNAmasvarUpa sAmAnya vyApaka nahIM hai kyoMki niyatadezavyApI vyaktiyoM ke sAtha pRthak-pRthak sAmAnya tadAtmaka haiN| yadi sAmAnya vyApaka hotA to dUravartI do vyaktiyoM ke antarAla meM bhI dIkhanA cAhie thaa| isI prakAra zabda nitya hai-pratyabhijJAna kA viSaya hone se; isakA pratipakSa zabda anitya hai-kRtaka hone se, yaha vidyamAna hai| ityAdi satpratipakSa hetvAbhAsoM ke gamakapana kA prasaMga aaegaa| usake nivAraNArtha hetu kA guNa asatpratipakSapanA honA caahie| isa prakAra ke asatpratipakSatva kA isa ukta kathana se khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai, aisA samajha lenA caahie| kyoMki pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANoM ke dvArA sAdhya se viparIta svabhAva kI vyavasthA karA denA hI bAdhita viSayapanA kahA gayA hai aura pratipakSI ko va siddha karane vAle dUsare anumAna ke dvArA use pUrva hetu kA satpratipakSapanA kahA gayA hai| kintu una donoM doSoM ke vyavaccheda utpatti rUpa sAdhane yogya svabhAva ke dvArA tathA sAmarthya se anyathAnupapattirUpa svabhAva ke dvArA una doSoMkA nirAkaraNa siddha ho jAtA hai ataH abAdhita viSayatva Adi ko hetu kA pRthak-pRthak rUpa mAnane kI kalpanA karanA vyartha hai| tathA abAdhita viSayatva Adi ko hetu kA rUpAntaratva hone para bhI unakA nizcaya karanA asambhava hai kyoMki abAdhita viSayatva Adi rUpoM se sahita usa hetu ke sAdhya aura una rUpoM kA vizeSa nizcaya karane meM anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai| isa bAta kA granthakAra svayaM nirUpaNa karate haiM jaba taka hetu ke dvArA sAdhyarUpa artha kA svayaM pratijJApUrvaka nizcaya nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, taba taka usa hetu ke viSaya sAdhya meM bAdhAoM ke abhAva kA vizeSarUpa se nizcaya karanA zakya nahIM hotA hai||193|| kyoMki bAdhakoM dvArA bAdhA hone ke abhAva kA nizcaya ho jAne para hetu ke abAdhitaviSayatva aura asatpratipakSa kI siddhi hotI hai, aura usa hetu dvArA sAdhya kA nizcaya hotA hai tathA usa sAdhya kA nizcaya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 205 bAdhanAbhAMvanizcaya itItaretarAzrayAnna tayoranyatarasya vyvsthaa| yadi punaranyataH kutazcittadbAdhanAbhAvanizcayAttadanizcayAMgIkaraNAdvA parasparAzrayaparihAraH kriyate tadApyakiMcitkaratvaM hetorupadarzayannAha;tadbAdhAbhAvanirNItiH siddhA cetsAdhanena kim / yathaiva hetorvezasya bAdhAsadbhAvanizcaye // 194 // tatsAdhanasamarthatvAdakiMcitkaratvaM tathA vA virahanizcaye kutazcittasya sdbhaavsiddheH| satatasAdhanAya pravartamAnasya siddhasAdhanAdapi na sAdhIyastallakSaNatvaM / nanvevamavinAbhAvopi lakSaNaM mA bhUnnizcayasyApi sAdhyasadbhAvaniyamanizcayAyattatvAt tasya cAvinAbhAvAdhInatvAditaretarAzrayasya prasaMgAt iti cenna, avinAbhAvaniyamasya hetau pramANAMtarAnizcayopagamAditaretarAzrayAnavakAzAt / UhAkhyaM hi ho jAne se bAdhAoM ke abhAva kA nizcaya hotA hai / isa prakAra anyonyAzraya doSa ho jAne se una donoM meM se eka kI bhI vyavasthA nahIM hotI hai| yadi phira naiyAyika anya kisI hetu ke dvArA una bAdhakoM ke abhAva kA nizcaya athavA AvazyakatA na hone ke kAraNa bAdhAoM ke abhAva kA nizcaya nahIM honA svIkAra karane se parasparAzraya doSa kA parihAra kiyA jAtA hai taba vaha hetu akiMcitkara ho jAtA hai| isa bAta kA granthakAra vizada rUpa se nirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM yadi kisI anya kAraNa se usa hetu ke sAdhya meM bAdhAoM ke abhAva kA nirNaya siddha ho jAtA hai to phira usa jJApaka hetu se kyA lAbha hai? jisa prakAra hetu ke veza (zarIra) ko bAdhA dene vAloM ke asadbhAva kA nizcaya ho jAne para punaH hetu ke lie anya hetu dene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| arthAt jaise agni ko siddha karane ke lie diye gaye dhUma hetu ko sAdhane ke lie puna: anya hetu kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki hetu kA nirbAdhita svarUpa pUrva meM nirNIta hI hai||194|| .. kinhIM anya hetuoM ko hI bAdhAoM ke abhAva ke nirNaya ko sAdhane meM samartha hone se prakRta meM kahA gayA hetu kucha bhI prayojana siddhi karane vAlA nahIM hai (akiMcitkara hai)| tathA cAhe jisa kAraNa se bAdhAoM ke abhAva kA nizcaya mAnane para to kisI anya hetu se una bAdhAoM kA sadbhAva bhI siddha ho jaaegaa| yadi una kAraNoM dvArA nirantara bAdhAoM ke abhAva ko sAdhana karane ke lie pravRtti karanA mAnA jAegA taba to prakRta hetu se siddha padArtha kA hI sAdhana huA, ataH siddhasAdhana doSa ho jAne se abAdhita viSayatva Adi ko hetu kA lakSaNapanA upayukta nahIM hai| zaMkA : isa prakAra hetu kA lakSaNa avinAbhAva bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki avinAbhAvI hetu kA nizcaya sAdhya ke sadbhAva hone para hI hetukA niyama se honA rUpa nizcaya ke adhIna hai aura usa niyama kA nizcaya avinAbhAva ke adhIna hai ataH anyonyAzrayadoSa kA prasaMga AtA hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki avinAbhAvarUpa niyama kA hetu meM nizcaya karanA anya tarkajJAna nAma ke pramANa se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai (vaha UhAjJAna avinAbhAva ke nizcaya karAne kA jJApaka kAraNa hai)| usa avinAbhAva ke nizcaya karane meM pratyakSa aura anumAna kA vyApara nahIM hai| isa bAta ko hama svataMtrarUpa se pUrva meM kaha cuke haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 206 pramANamavinAbhAvanizcayanibaMdhanaM pratyakSAnumAnayostatrAvyApArAdityuktaM tarhi yata evAnyathAnupapannatvanizcayo hetostata eva sAdhyasiddhestatra hetorakiMcitkaratvamiti cenna, tato dezAdivizeSAvacchinnasya sAdhyasya sAdhanAt sAmAnyata evohaatttsiddherityuktpraayN| athavAtrirUpahetuniSThAnavAdinaiva niraakRte| hetoH paMcasvabhAvatve taddhvaMse yatanena kim // 195 // na hi syAdvAdinAmayameva pakSo yatsvayaM paMcarUpatvaM hetornirAkartavyamiti trirUpavyavasthAnavAdinApi tannirAkaraNasyAbhimatatvAt paramatamabhimatapratiSiddhamitivacanAt tdlmtraabhiprytneneti| hetulakSaNaM vArtikakAreNaivamuktaM "anyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim" iti svayaM syAdvAdinAM tu tannirAkaraNaprayatne trayaM paMcarUpatvaM kimityapi vaktuM yujyate / sAMprataM pUrvavadAditrayeNa vItAditrayeNa vA kimiti vyAkhyAnAMtaraM samarthayituM taba to jisa tarkajJAna se hetu ke avinAbhAva kA (anyathAnupapannatva kA) nizcaya hotA hai, usa hI tarka se sAdhya kI siddhi arthAt jJapti ho jAyegI ata: usa sAdhya kA jJApana karane meM hetu kucha bhI kAryakArI nahIM huA arthAt akiMcitkara ho gyaa| aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki usa avinAbhAvI hetu se deza, kAla, AkAra Adi kI vizeSatAoM se yukta sAdhya kI siddhi kI jAtI hai, UhA se to sAmAnyarUpa se hI usa sAdhya kI siddhi hotI hai arthAt jitane dhUmavAn pradeza haiM ve agnimAn hote haiN| isa prakAra sAmAnyarUpa se sAdhya ko hama pahale se hI jAna rahe haiM kintu parvata meM dhUma ke dekhane se vizeSa sthala para usa samaya agni ko hetu dvArA vizeSarUpa se jAnA jAtA hai| isa bAta ko bhI hama pUrva meM kaI bAra kaha cuke haiM . ki vyApti jJAna sarvadeza, sarvakAlavartI avinAbhAva ko prakaTa karatA hai| athavA, hetu ke pakSasattva, sapakSasattva, vipakSavyAvRtti ina tIna rUpoM kI vyavasthA karane vAle bauddha dvArA jaba hetu ke ukta tIna ke sAtha abAdhitatva tathA satpratipakSatva ina pA~ca svabhAvasahitapane kA nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai arthAt paMcarUpoM kA khaNDana karane para hI to bauddhoM ke trairUpya kI pratiSThA ho sakatI hai ata: usa paMcarUpatva kA khaNDana karane meM hama vyartha prayatna kyoM kareM? arthAt bauddhamata meM abAdhitaviSayatva aura satpratipakSatva hetu ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai||195|| syAdvAdiyoM kA yaha pakSa nahIM hai ki hetu ke paMcarUpatva kA svayaM hI isa prakAra se nirAkaraNa karanA caahie| kintu hetu ke tIna rUpa kI vyavasthA ke pakSadhara bauddhoM ke dvArA bhI usa paMcarUpapana kA nirAkaraNa karanA abhISTa siddhAnta se hI anya naiyAyikoM kA mata khaNDita ho jAtA hai| dUsaroM kA viruddha mantavya apane aviruddha abhimata se niSiddha kara diyA jAtA hai ataH vizeSa prayatna se koI prayojana nahIM hai| rAjavArtikakAra zrI akalaMkadeva ne hetu kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hI kahA hai ki jahA~ anyathAnupapatti hai, usa hetu meM tIna rUpoM se kyA prayojana hai ? arthAt-kucha nahIM aura jisa hetu meM anyathAnupapatti nahIM hai, vahA~ tIna rUpoM se bhI iSTasiddhi nahIM ho pAtI hai| aise hI pA~ca rUpoM meM lagA lenA / isa prakAra syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ svayaM una rUpoM ke nirAkaraNa karane kA prayatna hone para vaha tIna rUpapanA yA pAMcarUpapanA kyA kara sakatA hai? yAnI kucha nahIM, yaha bhI kahane ke lie yukta ho jAtA hai| 1. naiyAyika 2. jainAcArya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 207 pratyakSapUrvakaM trividhamanumAnaM pUrvavaccheSavatsAmAnyato dRSTaM ceti nyAyasUtrasya vAkyabhedAtrisUtrI kaizcitparikalpitA syAt tAmanUdya nirAkurvannAha;pUrvaM prasajyamAnatvAt puurvpksssttoprH| zeSa: supakSa eveSTastadyogo yasya dRzyate // 196 // pUrvavaccheSavatproktaM kevalAsvapi saadhnm| sAdhyAbhAve bhavattacca trirUpAnna viziSyate // 197 // yasya vaidhAdRSTAMtAdhAraH kazcana vidyate / tasyaiva vyatirekosti nAnyasyeti na yuktimat // 198 // tato vaidhrmydRssttaaNtenessttovshymihaashryH| tadabhAvepyabhAvasyAvirodhAddhetutadvatoH // 199 // bhAvArtha : sAdhya ke sAtha jisakA avinAbhAva sambandha hai vahI vAstava meM hetu hai| isa prakAra jainAcArya ne niSedha hetu kA kathana kara diyA taba bauddha dvArA kathita hetu ke tIna aura naiyAyika dvArA svIkRta pA~ca aMga se kyA prayojana hai| tathA bauddhoM ke dvArA kathita tIna aMga kA vistAra pUrvaka khaNDana kara dene para naiyAyika ke pA~ca kA khaNDana karane kA prayatna karane se kyA prayojana hai kyoMki bauddhoM ke tIna ke khaNDana se unakA bhI khaNDana ho hI jAtA hai| tathA syAdvAdiyoM ke avinAbhAva hetu ke siddha hone se ve saba akiMcitkara haiN| - isa samaya pUrvavat', zeSavat aura sAmAnyatodRSTa' ina tIna rUpa karake athavA vIta, avIta aura vItAvIta ina tInoM bhedoM ke dvArA kucha bhI dUsare vyAkhyAna ko samarthana karane ke lie kisI TIkAkAra ne nyAyasUtra kA ullekha kara yaha kalpanA kI hai- 'atha tatpUrvakaM trividhamanumAnaM pUrvavaccheSavat sAmAnyato dRSTaM ca' pUrvavat zeSavat ; zeSavat sAmAnyato dRSTa, pUrvavat zeSavat sAmAnyato dRSTa, isa prakAra eka sUtra meM * yogavibhAga kara tIna sUtroM kA samAhAra kinhIM vidvAnoM dvArA kalpita kiyA jA sakatA hai| usa kalpanA kA anuvAda se nirAkaraNa karate hue AcArya spaSTa karate haiM pUrvavat zabda meM pUrva aura matupa ye do pada haiN| pUrva meM prasaMga prApta hone se pUrva kA artha pakSa hai| usase bhinna zeSa kA artha anvayadRSTAntarUpa sapakSa hai| matup kA artha yoga hai una pUrva yAnI pakSa aura zeSa yAnI sapakSa ina donoM kA jisa hetu meM yoga dekhA jAtA hai, vaha pUrvavat zeSavat anumAna kahA gayA hai isa anumAna kA hetu kevalAnvayI hai jaise ki sabhI padArtha kathana karane yogya haiM, kyoMki prameya haiN| . jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki yadi ApakA yaha hetu sAdhya ke abhAva hone para nahIM rahatA hai taba to vaha bauddhoM ke trirUpahetu se koI bhI vizeSatA nahIM rakhatA hai arthAt-pakSa aura sapakSa meM vRtti to Apane mAna hI lI hai kintu vipakSa meM vyAvRtti honA bhI pIche se vikalpa uThAne para mAna liyA hai ata: trirUpa kA khaNDana karane se pUrvavat zeSavat hetu kA bhI khaNDana ho jAtA hai||196-197|| .. jisa hetu kA vaidharmya dRSTAntarUpa koI AdhAra vidyamAna hai, usa hetu ke hI sAdhya ke na rahane para hetu kA na rahanA rUpa vyatireka mAnA jAtA hai| anya kevalAnvayI hetuoM kA vyatireka nahIM hai, isa prakAra naiyAyikoM kA kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki vaidharmya dRSTAnta meM Azraya avazya honA hI caahie| aisA yahA~ iSTa nahIM kiyA hai, hetu aura usase sahita sAdhya ina donoM kA usa sAdhya ke na hone para hetu ke abhAva ho jAne kA koI virodha nahIM hai arthAta sAdhya ke abhAva hotA hI hai ataH anvaya ke sAtha vyatireka rahatA hI hai||198-199|| 1. kevalAnvayI 2. kevala vyatirekI 3. anvayavyatirekI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 208 kevalavyatirekISTamanumAnaM na pUrvavat / tathA sAmAnyato dRSTaM gamakatvaM na tasya vaH // 200 // tadviruddha vipakSasyAsattve vyavasitepi hi| tadabhAve tvanirNIte kuto ni:saMzayAtmatA // 201 // yo viruddhotra sAdhyena tasyAbhAvaH sa eva cet / tato nivartamAnazca hetuH syAdvAdinAM matam / / 202 // anvayavyatirekI ca heturyastena vrnnitH| pUrvAnumAnasUtreNa sopyetena niraakRtH||203|| kAryAditrayavattasmAdetenApi trayeNa kim| bhedAnAM lakSaNAnAM ca vItAditritayena ca // 204 // kevalAnvayI kA vicAra kara aba kevalavyatirekI kA vicAra karate haiM ki jisa prakAra kevala vyatirekavyApti rakhane vAle anumAna ko pUrvavat (kevalAnvayI) anumAna iSTa nahIM hai, aura vaha avinAbhAva sahita hone se sAdhya kA bodhaka bhI nahIM hai, usI prakAra tumhAre yahA~ sAmAnya to dRSTa nAma kA (anvayavyatireka vAlA) hetu bhI sAdhya kA gamaka nahIM hai / / 200 // usa sAdhyavAn se viruddha vipakSa meM isa hetu ke asattva kA nirNaya hone para bhI usa sAdhya ke abhAva hone para hetu ke abhAva kA jaba taka kevalAnvayI hetu meM nirNaya nahIM huA hai, taba taka nisaMzayasvarUpa se kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? yadi (naiyAyika kaheM ki) yahA~ sAdhya se viruddha hai, vahI to usa sAdhya kA abhAva hai, to (hama jaina kaheMge ki) usa viruddha se nivRttarUpa hetu mAna liyA yahI to syAdvAdiyoM kA siddhAnta hai| yahA~ taka hetu ke do bhedoM kA vicAra kara diyA gayA hai arthAt kevala anvayI aura kevalavyatirekI hetu kA kathana kiyA hai||201-202|| una naiyAyikoM dvArA pahale ke anumAnasUtra karake jo ('pUrvavat zeSavat sAmAnyato dRSTa svarUpa') anvayavyatirekavAle hetu kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, vaha bhI ukta kathana karake khaNDita kara diyA gayA hai| 203 // kAryahetu, kAraNahetu aura akAryakAraNa hetuoM kA isa ukta kathana se nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| ataH hetu ke tIna aMga se kyA lAbha hai athavA kArya Adi tIna bhedoM ke samAna ina pUrvavat Adi hetu ke bhedoM aura lakSaNoM se koI phala nahIM siddha hotA hai tathA vIta, avIta aura vItAvIta ina tIna bhedavAle hetu karake bhI lAbha nahIM hai| arthAt (tathopapatti sAdhya) ke rahane para hI hetu kA rahanA anvayavyApti se viziSTa hue hetu ko vIta kahate haiM jaise ki ghaTa, paTa Adi padArtha sat haiM prameya hone se aura jisa hetu meM sAdhyAbhAvavadavRttitva' sAdhyAbhAva vAle vipakSa meM hetu kA nahIM rahanAsvarUpa kevala vyatireka vyApti pAI jAtI hai, vaha avIta hai jaise ki jIvita zarIra AtmAoM se sahita hai-prANa Adika sahitapanA hone se| tathA jisa hetu meM anvayavyatireka donoM ghaTa jAte haiM, vaha vItAvIta hai jaise ki zabda anitya hai-kRtaka hone se| yaha vyApti kA lakSaNa ghaTa jAtA hai| vastutaH yaha kahanA hai ki anyathAnupapattirUpa vyApti hI hetu kA prANa hai| anya kisI se bhI kisI vizeSa prayojana kI siddhi nahIM hai| tathA saMyogI, samavAyI, ekArthasamavAyI aura virodhI ina cAra bhedoM Adi se bhI koI prayojana nahIM sadhatA hai||204||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 209 pUrvavaccheSavatkevalAnvayisAdhanaM yathAvayavAvayavinau guNaguNinau kriyAkriyAvaMtau jAtijAtimatau vA parasparato bhinnau bhinnapratibhAsatvAt sahyaviMdhyavaditi tatsAdhyAbhAvepi yadi sttdaanaikaaNtikmev| athAsatkathaM na vyatirekyapi ? sAdhyAbhAve sAdhanasyAbhAvo hi vyatirekaH sa cAsyAstIti tadA kevalAnvayi liMgaM trirUpAdaviziSTatvAt vaidhaya'dRSTAMtAdhArAbhAvAnnAsya vyatireka iti cennedaM yuktimat , tadabhAvepi sAdhyAbhAvaprayuktasya saadhnaabhaavsyaavirodhaat| na hyabhAve kasyacidabhAvo virudhyate kharaviSANAbhAve gaganakusumAbhAvasya virodhaprasaMgAt sarvatra vaidharmyadRSTAMtedhikaraNasyAvazyaM bhaavityaanisstttvaacc| kiM cedaM kevala anvayavyAptiyukta hetu pUrvavat zeSavat nAmakA hai, jaise ki avayava aura avayavI, guNa aura guNI, kriyA aura kriyAvAna tathA jAti aura jAtimAn-ye padArtha paraspara meM eka dUsare se bhinna haiM-kyoMki jJAna dvArA inakA pRthak-pRthak pratibhAsa hotA hai, jaise sahya aura viMdhya parvata kA bhinna-bhinna pratibhAsa hotA mc. mc ___ isa prakAra kevalAnvayI hetu yadi sAdhya ke nahIM rahane para kahIM vidyamAna rahatA hai, taba to vyabhicArI hai aura vaha bhinna pratibhAsapanA hetu yadi sAdhya kA abhAva rahane para nahIM rahatA hai to vaha sAdhana vyatirekI kyoM nahIM hogA? arthAt naiyAyikoM se mAnA gayA kevalAnvayI hetu bhI vyatireka vyApti se yukta hai kyoMki sAdhya ke nahIM rahane para niyama se hetu kA nahIM rahanA hI vyatireka mAnA gayA hai aura vaha vyatireka isa bhinna pratibhAsatva hetu meM vidyamAna hai| isa prakAra naiyAyikoM dvArA mAnA gayA kevalAnvayI hetu bauddhoM ke tIna rUpa vAle hetu se koI vizeSatA nahIM rakhatA hai arthAt kevala anvaya vyApti vAlA mAnA gayA hetu vyatireka vyApti ko bhI dhArane vAlA ho jAtA hai|aisii dazA meM naiyAyikoM dvArA hetu ke pUrvavatzeSavat, pUrvavat sAmAnyato dRSTa, pUrvavat zeSavat sAmAnyatodRSTa-ye tIna bheda karanA vyartha hai, kyoMki kevalAnvayI aura anvaya-vyatirekI meM koI antara nahIM hai| ... isa bhinnapratibhAsatva hetu kA koI vaidharmyadRSTAntarUpa AdhAra nahIM hone se vyatireka ghaTita nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra kahanA yuktiyukta nahIM hai, kyoMki usa vaidharmyadRSTAnta ke na hone para bhI sAdhya kA abhAva rahane para prayukta kiye gae sAdhana ke abhAva kA koI virodha nahIM hai| kisI eka vivakSita padArtha ke abhAva hone para kisI eka padArtha kA abhAva honA sarvathA viruddha nahIM hai| anyathA kharaviSANa ke abhAva hone para AkAzapuSpa ke abhAva kA virodha ho jAne kA prasaMga aaegaa| sabhI vaidharmya dRSTAntoM meM adhikaraNa kA AvazyakarUpa se honA iSTa nahIM kiyA hai (aniSTa hI hai)| athavA, yaha guNaguNI Adi meM sarvathA bheda ko siddha karane vAlA bhinna pratibhAsatva hetu yadi kathaMcit pRthak pratibhAsarUpa hai, taba to anyathAnupapatti rUpa hetu se hI guNa, guNI, kriyA, kriyAvAn Adi meM kathaMcit bheda kI siddhi ho hI jAtI hai, vaha kevalAnvayI hetu se sarvathA bheda kI siddhi nahIM hotii| yadi anvaya sahita se hI hetu sAdhya kA jJApaka mAnA jAyegA to guNa, karma, sAmAnya, vizeSa, samavAya aura prAgabhAva, prAdhvaMsAbhAva, anyonyAbhAva, atyantAbhAva ye sampUrNa bhAva, abhAva padArtha dravyasvarUpa haiM-prameya hone se,
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 210 bhinnapratibhAsitvaM yadi kathaMcittadAnyathAnupapannatvAdeva kathaMcidbhedasAdhanaM nAnvayitvAt dravyaM guNakarmasAmAnyavizeSasamavAyaprAgabhAvAdayaH prameyatvAt pRthivyAdivadityetasyApi gamakatvaprasaMgAt / dharmigrAhakapramANabAdhitatvena kAlAtyayApadiSTatvAnnedaM gamakamiticet , tabAdhitaviSayatvamapi liMgalakSaNaM taccAnyathAnupapannatvamevetyuktaM / satpratipakSatvAnnedaM gamakatvamiti cettarhi asatpratipakSatvaM hetulakSaNaM tadapyavinAbhAva eveti niveditaM tatonyathAnupapannatvAbhAvAdevedamagamakaM / etena sarvathA bhinnapratibhAsatvaM bhedasAdhanamagamakamuktaM kAlAtyayApadiSTatvasatpratipakSatvAvizeSAt / avayavAdInAM hi sattvAdinA kathaMcidabheda: pramANena pratIyate sarvathA tadbhedasya saMkR dapyanavabhAsanAt / tata evAsiddhatvAnnedaM gamakaM siddhsyaivaanythaanuppttisNbhvaat| tathA pUrvavatsAmAnyato'dRSTaM kevalavyatirekiliMgaM vipakSe dezataH kAtya'to vA tsyaadRsstttvaat| sAtmakaM jIvaccharIraM prANAdimattvAt yanna sAtmakaM tanna prANAdimad dRSTaM yathA bhasmAdi na ca jaiseki pRthvI, jala, teja Adi padArtha dravya haiN| isa anumAna meM diye gaye prameyatva hetu ko bhI anvaya dRSTAnta hone se jJApaka kA prasaMga AtA hai (parantu naiyAyika yA vaizeSika guNa, karma Adi meM dravyapanA iSTa nahIM karate yadi guNa, karma Adika rUpa pakSa ko grahaNa karane vAle pramANa se bAdhita hone ke kAraNa kAlAtyayApadiSTa (bAdhita viSaya) ho jAne se yaha hetu gamaka nahIM hai to abAdhita viSayapanA bhI hetu kA lakSaNa bana jAtA hai aura vaha abAdhitapanA anyathAnupapattirUpa hI hai| isako hama pUrva meM kaha cuke haiN| ___ satpratipakSa hetvAbhAsa ho jAne se yaha prameyatva hetu gamaka nahIM hai| isa prakAra naiyAyikoM ke kahane para jaina kahate haiM ki taba to asatpratipakSatva bhI hetu kA lakSaNa ho jAtA hai jo ki naiyAyikoM ko iSTa hai| kintu vaha bhI avinAbhAva hI hai, isa bAta kA kathana bhI kara cuke haiN| isalie anyathAnupapannatva kA abhAva hone se prameyatva hetu sAdhya kA gamaka nahIM hai| isa ukta kathana se dvitIya vikalpa anusAra sarvathA bhinna pratibhAsitva hetu bhI guNa, guNI Adi ke bheda ko sAdhane meM gamaka nahIM hai, yaha bAta kahI jA cukI hai, kyoMki kAlAtyayApadiSTatva aura satpratipakSatva ina donoM doSoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai (arthAt kathaMcit bhinna pratibhAsitva aura sarvathA bhinna pratibhAsitva ye donoM hI hetu sarvathA bheda ko sAdhane meM bAdhita aura satpratipakSa hetvAbhAsa hai)| avayava avayavI Adi kA sattva, vastutva Adi hetuoM se kathaMcit abheda pramANa dvArA pratIta hotA hai| sarvathA bheda eka bAra bhI pratibhAsita nahIM huA hai ataH asiddha hetvAbhAsa hone se yaha bhinna pratibhAsatva hetu sarvathA bheda kA gamaka nahIM hai apitu siddha hetu kI anyathAnupapatti saMbhava hai| bauddha kA kathana - dUsare pUrvavat sAmAnyato'dRSTa ko kevalavyatirekI hetu mAnA hai, kyoMki vipakSa meM ekadeza se athavA sampUrNa rUpa se vaha nahIM dekhA gayA hai| jaise ki yaha jIvita zarIra AtmA sahita hai saprANa, (vAyu, nAr3I calanA Adi) hone se| jo padArtha AtmA se sahita nahIM hai, ve prANa se sahita nahIM dekhe gaye haiN| jaise bhasma aadi| usa prakAra kA prANa Adi se rahita jIvita zarIra nahIM hai ata: jIvita zarIra
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 211 tathA jIvaccharIraM tsmaatsaatmkmiti| tadetadapi na pareSAM gamakaM / sAdhyaviruddhe vipakSe ananubhUyamAnamapi sAdhyAbhAve vipakSe svayamasattvenAnizcayAt tatra tatra tasya sattvasaMbhAvanAyAM naikaaNtiktvopptteH| sAdhyaviruddha eva sAdhyAbhAvastato nivartamAnatvAdgamaka mevedamiti cet tarhi tadanyathAnupapannatvasAdhanaM sAdhyAbhAvasaMbhavaniyamasyaiva syAdvAdibhiravinAbhAvasyeSTatvAt na punH| kevalavyatirekitvAnnedaM kSaNikaM tatsaccittazUnyaM jIvaccharIraM prANAdimattvAt sarvaM kSaNika sattvAdityevamAderapi gamakatvaprasaMgAt / sAdhyAbhAvepyasya sadbhAvAnna sAdhanatvamiticet taddanyathAnupapattibalAdeva pariNAminA sAtmakatve prANAdimattvaM sAdhanaM nApariNAminA AtmA se sahita hai (yaha kevalavyatirekI hetu kA udAharaNa prasiddha hai) so yaha bhI pUrvavat sAmAnyato'dRSTa' hetu sAdhya kA bodhaka nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki sAdhya se viruddha ho rahe bhasma Adi kA vipakSa meM yadyapi anubhava nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai, to bhI sAdhyAbhAvarUpa vipakSa meM hetu kA svayaM nahIM rahane se nizcaya nahIM ho rahA hai| una vipakSoM meM usa hetu ke vidyamAna rahane kI sambhAvanA ho jAnA mAnane para to prANAdimattva hetu vyabhicArI ho jAtA hai| arthAt kabhI halana-calana rahita zarIra meM bhI AtmA raha sakatI hai| __(naiyAyika kahatA hai ki) sAdhya se viruddha hI to sAdhyAbhAvarUpa vipakSa hai| usa vipakSa se nivRtta hone ke kAraNa yaha prANAdimattva hetu Atmasahitapane kA gamaka hI hai| isa para jaina kahate haiM ki vaha kevalavyatirekIpanA bhI hetu kI anyathAnupapatti ko siddha karatA hai, kyoMki sAdhya ke abhAva hone para hetu kA niyama se asambhava hone ko hI syAdvAdiyoM ne avinAbhAva abhISTa kiyA hai kintu phira kevala vyatirekI iSTa siddhi nhiiN| yadi anyathAnupapatti kA tyAgakara mAtra kevalavyatirekIpana se hI hetu ko gamaka mAnA jAyegA to 'yaha kSaNika nahIM hai, zabdapanA hone se'| isa anumAna kA zabdatva hetu bhI gamaka ho jAegA, kintu naiyAyikoM ke yahA~ kSaNikatva kA abhAva sAdhane ke lie diyA gayA zabdatva hetu saddhetu nahIM hai, tathA jIvita zarIra AtmA se sahita hai-prANa Adi karake viziSTa hone se, aura sampUrNa padArtha kSaNika haiM, satrUpa hone se| isa prakAra ke anya bhI chAyA, agni Adi hetuoM ko bhI apane sAdhya kI jJapti karAnepana kA prasaMga aayegaa| arthAt yahA~ chAyA nahIM hai vRkSa nahIM hone se, yahA~ agni nahIM dhUma nahIM hone se Adi hetuoM se bhI sAdhya kI siddhi kA prasaMga AyegA, para aisA nahIM hai kyoMki dhUma ke binA bhI agni rahatI hai| halana-calana kriyA aura zvAsocchvAsa ke nahIM hone para AtmA sahita jIvita zarIra raha sakatA hai jaise kabhI nAr3I zvAsocchvAsa halana calana nahIM hone para bhI jIvita zarIra ho sakatA hai viziSTa mUrchA Adi meM ataH yaha hetu sad hetu nahIM hai| . sAdhya ke abhAva meM bhI ina sattva, prANAdimattva Adi hetuoM kA sadbhAva hai, ata: ye samIcIna hetu nahIM haiN| aisA kahate haiM to anyathAnupapatti kI sAmarthya se hI utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyarUpa pariNAma se yukta AtmA sahitatva sAdhane meM prANAdimattva hetu samIcIna hai| pariNamana karane se rahita sarvathA kUTastha AtmA se sahitapanA jIvita zarIra meM prANAdimattva hetu ke dvArA siddha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki apariNAmI AtmA se sahitapana ke sAtha prANAdimattva hetu kI usa anyathAnupapatti kA abhAva hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 212 sarvathA tdbhaavaat| tathA pUrvavaccheSavatsAmAnyato dRSTamanvayavyatirekisAdhanaM, yathAgniratra dhuumaaditi| tadapi ke valavyatirekiNo yogopagatasya nirAkaraNAdeva nirAkRtaM, sAdhyAbhAvasaMbhavaniyamanizcayamaMtareNa saadhntvaasNbhvaat| tadanena nyAyavArtikaTIkAkAravyAkhyAnamanumAnasUtrasya trisUtrIkaraNena pratyAkhyAtaM pratipattavyamiti liMgalakSaNAnAmanvayitvAdInAM trayeNa pakSadharmatvAdInAmiva na prayojanaM / nApi pUrvavadAdibhedAnAM kAryAdInAmiva satyanyathAnupapannatve tenaiva paryAptatvAt / yadapyatrAvAci udAharaNasAdharmyAtsAdhyasAdhanaM heturiti vItalakSaNaM liMgaM tatsvarUpeNArthaparicchedakatvaM vItadharma iti vacanAt / tadyathA-anityaH zabdaH utpattidharmakatvAdghaTavaditi zabdasvarUpeNotpattidharmakatvenAnityatvArthasya paricchedAt / tathodAharaNa vaidhAtsAdhyasAdhanaM heturityavItalakSaNaM parapakSapratiSedhenArtha--paricchedane vartamAnamavItamiti vacanAt / tdythaa| ata: naiyAyikoM dvArA mAnA gayA hetu kA dUsarA bheda bhI pratiSThita nahIM hotA hai| tathA anvaya aura vyatireka donoM se sahita hetu ko sAdhane vAlA pUrvavat zeSavat sAmAnyato dRSTa' hai, jaise ki isa parvata para agni hai-dhUma hone se| isa prayoga se dhUma hetu meM anvaya vyApti aura vyatireka vyApti donoM hotI haiN| isa prakAra vaha anvaya vyatirekI hetu bhI naiyAyikoM dvArA svIkAra kiye gaye dUsare kevalavyatirekI hetu kA khaNDana kara dene se hI nirAkRta kara diyA gayA hai, kyoMki, sAdhya ke na rahane para hetu kA nahIM rahanA niyama ke nizcaya binA anvaya yA vyatireka se sadhetutva kI asaMbhavatA hai| ataH isa ukta kathana ke dvArA nyAyavArtika kI TIkA karane vAle ke usa vyAkhyAna kA khaNDana kara diyA gayA samajha lenA cAhie, jo ki 'atha tatpUrvakaM trividhamanumAnam pUrvavaccheSavat sAmAnyatodRSTaJca' isa anumAna sUtra kA yoga vibhAga kara tIna sUtroM ke samudAyarUpa se kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra hetu ke anvayasahitatva, vyatirekasahitatva aura anvayavyatirekasahitatva lakSaNoM ke tIna avayavoM ke dvArA naiyAyikoM ke yahA~ kucha bhI prayojana siddha nahIM hotA hai| jaise bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta pakSavRttitva, sapakSavRttitva, vipakSavyAvRtti ina tIna rUpoM se koI prayojana nahIM nikalatA hai| tathA pUrvavat yA zeSavat athavA sAmAnyato dRSTa-vIta Adi bhedoM ke dvArA bhI koI phala nahIM hai, jaise ki kArya aura kAraNa tathA akAryakAraNa ina tIna bhedoM se koI abhISTa siddha nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki, hetu meM anyathAnupapatti hone se hI sampUrNa prayojana siddha ho jAte haiM arthAt anyathAnupapatti hI hetu kI paripUrNazakti jo yahA~ (isa hetu meM) yaha kahA gayA thA ki udAharaNa ke sAdharmya se sAdhya ko sAdhane vAlA hetu hai| yaha vItanAmaka hetu kA lakSaNa hai kyoMki usa hetu ke svarUpa ke dvArA sAdhya rUpa artha kI jJapti karA denA vIta hetu kA dharma hai', aisA mUlagranthoM meM kahA gayA hai usI ko udAharaNapUrvaka spaSTa karate zabda anitya hai-utpatti nAma ke dharma se sahita hone ke kAraNa, jaise ki ghdd'aa| yahA~ zabda ke svarUpa ke dvArA utpatti dharma sahita se anityapanArUpa sAdhya artha kI jJapti kI gaI hai (yaha prathama vIta kA udAharaNa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 213 nedaM nairAtmakaM jIvaccharIramaprANAdimattvaprasaMgAditi / yadubhayapakSasampratipannamaprANAdimattannirAtmakaM dRSTaM yathA ghaTAdi na cedamaprANAdijjIvaccharIraM-tasmAnna nirAtmakamiti nirAtmakatvasya parapakSasya pratiSedhanaM jIvaccharIre sAtmakatvasyArthaparicchittihetutvAditi nyAyavArtikakAravacanAt / tathodAharaNasAdharmyavaidhAbhyAM sAdhyasAdhanamanumAnamiti vItAvItalakSaNaM svapakSavidhAnena parapakSapratiSedhena cArthaparicchedahetutvAt / tadyathAsAgniH parvatoyamanagnirna bhavati dhUmavatvAdanyathA nirdhuumtvprsNgaat| dhUmavAnmahAnasaH sAgnirdRSTo'nagnistu mahAnaso hai) tathA udAharaNa ke vidharmatva se sAdhya ko sAdhane vAlA hetu hai| yaha avIta hetu kA lakSaNa hai, kyoMki sAdhya se pRthak parapakSa kA niSedha karake sAdhya artha kI jJapti karane meM sthita hetu avIta hai isa prakAra granthoM meM kahA gayA hai| usI ko udAharaNa dvArA kahate haiM ki yaha jIvita zarIra Atmarahita nahIM hai| anyathA aprANAdimatva kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt jIva rahita zarIra meM prANa nahIM rahate haiN| (isa prakAra niSedhapUrvaka sAdhya kI vidhi samajhAI gaI hai) nyAyavArtika ko banAne vAle vidvAn ne bhI aisA kathana kiyA hai ki jo vAdI, prativAdI ina donoM ke pakSa anusAra prANa Adi se rahita hone se vaha zarIra AtmA se rahita dekhA gayA hai; jaise ki ghar3A pdaarth| yaha jIvita zarIra prANAdimAn se bhinna nahIM hai, ata: Atmarahita nahIM hai| isa prakAra AtmarahitapanArUpa marapakSa kA niSedha karanA jIvita zarIra meM Atmasahitapana rUpa artha kI paricchitti kA kAraNa hone se avIta hetu mAnA gayA hai| tathA udAharaNa ke sadharmatva aura vidharmatva ke dvArA sAdhya aura sAdhana kA anumAna hotA hai| isa prakAra vItAvIta hetu kA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai| apane pakSa kI vidhi karake aura para pakSa kA niSedha karake artha kI paricchitti ke karAne vAle kAraNa ko vItAvIta hetu kahA jAtA hai| usI kA udAharaNa dete haiM ki yaha parvata agni sahita hai (agni rahita nahIM hai), dhUma sahita hone se| anyathA (parvata ko agni rahita mAnA jAtA hai to) dhUmarahitatva kA prasaMga AtA hai| jaise rasoIghara dhUmasahita hone se agnisahita hI dekhA jAtA hai| agni se rahita rasoIghara dhUmarahita dekhA jAtA hai| isa prakAra vItAvIta hetu siddha hai| ____ so yaha vIta, avIta aura vItAvIta kA tritaya bhI sAdhya sadbhAva ke abhAva meM sambhava nahIM hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki anyathAnupapatti kI sAmarthya se hI inameM gamakapanA AtA hai| parantu vItapana, avItapana Adi ke dvArA koI prayojana siddha nahIM hotaa| yadi vItapana Adi ke dvArA saddhetupanA mAna liyA jAyegA to anyathAnupapatti ke na hone para bhI 'mitrAtanayatva' isa strI kA garbhastha bAlaka kRSNa varNa kA hai mitrA kA putra hone se, jo jo mitrA ke putra haiM ve kRSNa varNa ke hote haiM jaise yaha putra yaha bhI mitrA kA putra hai isalie yaha bhI kRSNa varNa kA hai| isa hetu meM anumAna ke pA~coM aMga garbhita haiM, putra yaha hetvAbhAsa hai kyoMki mitrAtva hetu ke sAtha kRSNatva sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva nahIM hai ki kisI mAnava ke sAre putra kRSNa varNa ke hoN| bhinna varNa ke bhI ho sakate haiN| Adi hetvAbhAsoM ko vIta yA avItatva ke dvArA gamakatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| ataH vIta Adi kA kahA gayA lakSaNa (yA bheda karanA) prazasta nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 214 nidhUma iti tadetadvItAditritayaM yadi sAdhyabhAvasaMbhUSNuH tadAnyathAnupapattibalAdeva gamakatvaM na punarvItAditvenaivetyanyathAnupapattivirahepi gamakatvaprasaMgAt / yadi punaranyathAnupapattirvItAditvaM prApya hetorlakSaNaM tadA " devatAM prApya harItakI virecayate'' iti kasyacitsubhASitamAyAtaM / harItakyanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAdvirecanasya svadevatopayoginI tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAbhAvAttasyeti prakRtepi samAnaM / hetoranyathAnupapattisadasattvaprayuktatvAdgamakatvAgaMmakatvayoriti na kiMcidvItAditritayena lakSaNAnAM bhedAnAM vA sarvathA gamakatvAnaMgatvAt srvbhedaasNgrhaacc|| kAraNAtkAryavijJAnaM kaaryaatkaarnnvednm| akAryakAraNAccApi dRSTAtsAmAnyato gtiH||205|| tAdRzI tritayeNApi niyatena pryojnm| kimekalakSaNAdhyAsAdanyasyApyanivAraNAt // 206 // punaH prativAdI kahatA hai ki vIta Aditva ko prApta hokara anyathAnupapatti hetu kA lakSaNa bana sakatA hai| svataMtra anyathAnupapatti hetu kA lakSaNa nahIM hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki taba to yaha paribhASA caritArtha huI ki devatA ko prApta hokara hara recana karAtI hai| devatA ko prApta nahIM huI harra kucha nahIM kara sktii| bhAvArtha : andhabhakta kA vicAra hai ki sampUrNa kAryoM ko devatA karate haiN| annadevatA, jala devatA hI gehU~ Adi meM praviSTa hokara bhUkha, pyAsa ko dUra karate haiN| virecana' kA haraDa ke sAtha anvayavyatirekapanA hai, ata: iSTa devatA recana karAne meM upayogI nahIM hai kyoMki usa devatA ke sAtha usa recana kriyA kA anvayavyatireka nahIM hai ki harra meM devatA ke hone para mala nikala jAtA hai aura harar3a meM devatA ke na hone para recana nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra anvayavyatireka kA anuvidhAna nahIM karanA, kyoMki prakaraNa prApta hetu meM bhI samAnarUpa se anvayavyatireka vidyamAna hai parantu vItapana Adi ke hone para hetu kA gamakapana aura vItapana Adi ke nahIM hone para hetu kA agamakapanA (gamaka nahIM honA) yaha anvayavyatireka nahIM banatA hai| anyathAnupapatti ke sAtha hI anvayavyatireka banatA hai| anyathAnupapatti kI sattA se hetu kA gamakapanA prayukta kiyA gayA hai aura anyathAnupapatti kI asattA se hetu kA agamakapanA hai| isa prakAra hetu ke vIta Adi tIna avayavoM se kucha prayojana nahIM hai kyoMki ve sabhI prakAroM se hetu ke gamakapane ke prayojaka aMga nahIM hai| tathA una pUrvavat Adi yA vIta Adi bhedoM meM sampUrNa hetuoM ke bhedoM kA saMgraha bhI nahIM ho pAtA hai| kAraNa se kArya kA vijJAna honA aura kArya se kAraNa kA jJAna karanA tathA kAryakAraNa bhAva se rahita kisI padArtha se niyata dUsare kAryakAraNa bhinna padArtha kI jJapti ho jAnA, ye bhI sAmAnya se dekhe hue padArthoM dvArA anya padArthoM kI jJapti honA hai| yahA~ bhI ina tInoM se kyA prayojana hai ? kucha bhI nhiiN| yadi anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama se niyata hai taba to ukta tIna hetuoM se sAdhya kI jJapti honA nizcita hai, arthAt eka anyathAnupapattirUpa lakSaNa ke adhiSThita ho jAne se hI hetu kA gamakapanA nirNIta hotA hai aura anya hetuoM kA bhI saMgraha ho jAtA hai| tathA anupalabdhi, uttaracara Adi hetuoM kA nivAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| arthAt hetu kA mukhya kAraNa eka anyathAnupapatti hI hai // 205-206 // 1. sAMkhya, 2.jaina, 3. chatra se chAyA kA jJAna honA, 4. dhUma se agni kA jJAna honA, 5. kRtikodaya se muhUrta pIche rohiNI ke udaya kA jJAna honaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 215 nanu ca yavabIjasaMtAnotthaM ca kAraNaM vAnubhayaM vA syAt sarvaM vastu kAryaM vA nAnyA gatirasti yato'nyadapi liMga saMbhAvyate'nyathAnupapannatvAdhyAsAditi cenna, ubhayAtmanopi vastuno bhAvAt / yathaiva hi kAraNAtkAryenumAnaM vRSTyutpAdanazaktayomI meghA gaMbhIradhvAnatve ciraprabhAvatve ca sati samunnatatvAt prasiddhaivaMvidhameghabaditi / kAryAtkAraNe vahniratra dhUmAnmahAnasavaditi / akAryakAraNAdanubhayAtmani jJAnaM madhurarasamidaM phalamevaMrUpatvAttAdRzAnyaphalavaditi / tathaivobhayAtmakAt liMgAdubhayAtmake liMgini jJAnamaviruddhaM parasparopakAryopakArakayoravinAbhAvadarzanAt yathA bIjAMkurasaMtAnayoH / na hi bIjasaMtAnoM'kurasaMtAnAbhAve bhavati, nApyaMkurasaMtAno bIjasaMtAnAbhAve yataH parasparaM gamyagamakabhAvo na syaat| tathA cAstyatra deze yavabIjasaMtAno yvaaNkursNtaandrshnaat| asti yavAMkurasaMtAno yavabIjopalabdherityAdi liNgaaNtrsiddhiH| nanUSarakSetrasthena zaMkA : jau ke bIja kI saMtAna sa jau kA utpanna honA kAraNa hetu hai| athavA kAryakAraNa donoM se bhinna anubhaya hetu hai yA kAryarUpa hetu hai| saMsAra meM sabhI vastue~ kArya, kAraNa, akAryakAraNa ina tIna svarUpa hI haiM anya koI upAya nahIM hai jisase ki ina tIna se pRthak aura bhI kisI hetu kI sambhAvanA kI jA ske| jo ki anyathAnupapatti ke adhiSThita karane se jainoM dvArA pRthak mAnA jA rahA hai| ___samAdhAna : yaha zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki cauthe prakAra kI (kArya-kAraNa donoM svarUpa) bhI vastu vidyamAna hai| jaise prathama kAraNa se kArya meM anumAna karate haiM ki "yaha megha vRSTi ko utpanna karAne vAlI zakti se yukta hai, gambhIra zabda vAle aura adhika dera taka ghaTA mAMDakara Thaharane vAle prabhAva se yukta ho rahe haiM, vRSTi karane vAle meghoM meM prasiddha anya meghoM ke samAna haiN| ___ tathA dUsare hetu dvArA kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna kara lete haiM ki isa parvata meM agni hai kyoMki dhuA~ dIkha rahA hai, rasoI ghara ke smaan|" yaha kArya hetu hai| tathA kAryakAraNarahita anubhayAtmaka bhinna svarUpa udAsIna padArtha kA jJAna honA tIsarA anumAna hai| usakA dRSTAnta yaha hai ki yaha Amraphala mIThA rasavAlA hai, komalatA aura pIlA Adi rUpa kA dhAraka hone se, isa prakAra ke mIThe, pIle anya phaloM ke smaan| yaha tIsare prakAra kA hetu hai| ina tIna hetuoM ke samAna hI cauthA hetu bhI mAnanA Avazyaka hai| kAryakAraNa ina donoM svarUpasAdhya kA jJAna ho jAne meM bhI koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| paraspara meM eka dUsare kA upakAraka rahe aura upakRta padArthoM meM bhI eka dUsare ke sAtha avinAbhAva dekhA jAtA hai, jaise bIja aura aMkuroM kI saMtAna ke binA bIja aura aMkura saMtAna bhI nahIM hotI hai, jisase ki paraspara meM jJApyajJApaka bhAva na hotaa| arthAt anyathAnupapatti hone se bIjasaMtAna aura aMkurasaMtAna kA hetu-hetumadbhAva hai| jaise isa vivakSita deza meM jau ke bIjoM kI saMtAna cAlU hai kyoMki jau ke aMkuroM kI saMtAna dekhI jA rahI hai tathA isa deza meM jau ke aMkuroM kI saMtAna hai kyoMki jau ke bIjoM kI upalabdhi ho rahI hai| isI prakAra anya bhI anumAna ke prayoga kI siddhi hai arthAt aneka prakAra ke anumAna jJAna siddha ho sakate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 216 yavabIjasaMtAnena vyabhicArastadaMkurasaMtAne kvacitsAdhye tadvIjasaMtAne cokSyate tadaMkurasaMtAnena yavabIjamAtrarahitadezastheneti na maMtavyaM viziSTadezakAlAdyapekSasya tadubhayasyAnyonyamavinAbhAvasiddheH svasAdhye dhuumaadivt| dhUmAvayavisaMtAno hi pAvakAvayavisaMtAnairavinAbhAvI dezakAlAdyapekSyaivAnyathA gopAlaghaTikAyAM dhUmAvayavisaMtAnena vybhicaarprsNgaat| saMtAnayorupakAryopakArakabhAvopi na zaMkanIyaH paavkdhuumaavyvisntaanyostdbhaavprsNgaat| na caivaM vAcyaM, tayonimittAnimittabhAvopagamAt / pAvakadhUmAvayavidravyayornimittAnimittabhAvasiddhestatsaMtAnayorupacAranimittabhAva iti cenna, zaMkA : Usara bhUmi meM sthita jau ke bIjoM kI saMtAna se vyabhicAra AtA hai arthAt jaba taka jau paryAya rahegI taba taka jau kA sadRza pariNAma hotI huI saMtAna clegii| una jau ke aMkuroM kI saMtAna ko sAdhya karane para aura una jau ke bIjoM kI saMtAna ko hetu banAne para Usara bhUmi meM boye gaye jau ke bIjoM kI saMtAna se vyabhicAra AtA hai tathA kahIM jau ke bIjoM kI saMtAna ko sAdhya banAkara aura jau ke aMkuroM kI saMtAna ko hetu banAne para sAmAnyarUpa jau ke bIjoM se rahita deza meM sthita una jau ke aMkuroM kI saMtAna karake bhI vyabhicAra AtA hai| arthAt Usara bhUmi meM par3e hue jau apane kArya aMkuroM ko utpanna nahIM karate haiN| isa prakAra sAdhya ke na rahane para hetu ke raha jAne se vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai| ___samAdhAna : aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki viziSTa deza, viziSTa kAla tathA vizeSarUpa AkRti Adi kI apekSA se una kArya kAraNoM ke ubhaya kA paraspara meM avinAbhAva siddha hai jaise ki apane sAdhya agni Adi ko sAdhane meM deza Adika kI apekSA se dhUma Adika saddhetu mAne gae haiN| ___ dhUma svarUpa avayavI kA uttarottara paryAyoM meM dhUmasvarUpa sadRzapariNamana dhUmasaMtAna niyama se vizeSa deza, kAla, avasthA Adi kI apekSA rakhatA huA hI agnisvarUpa avayavI ke uttarottara samayoM meM pariNata huI agnirUpa saMtAnoM ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhatA hai| anyathA (vizeSaNoM kI apekSA na rakhakara) cAhe jisa dhUma se agni kI jJapti mAnI jAegI to gvAliyA kI ghar3iyA yA indrajAliyA ke ghar3e meM agni ke binA dhUmarUpa avayavI kI saMtAna ke Thahara jAne se vyabhicAra kA prasaMga aayegaa| isa prakAra prAyaH sabhI saddhetu vyabhicArI bana jaaeNge| saMtAnoM meM paraspara upakArI upakRtapanA nahIM hai| yaha zaMkA bhI nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki aisA mAnane para agnirUpa avayavI kI saMtAna aura dhUmasvarUpa avayavI kI saMtAna meM bhI upakArya upakArakabhAva ke abhAva kA prasaMga AegA kintu isa prakAra dhUma aura agni kI saMtAnoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva kA abhAva nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki unameM nimitta-naimittikabhAva vidvAnoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| agni aura dhUmasvarUpa avayavI dravya meM nimitta naimittikabhAva siddha hai| ata: unakI saMtAnoM meM bhI upacAra se nimitta naimittikabhAva mAna liyA gayA hai| vastuta: saMtAnoM me upakArya upakArakabhAva nahIM hai| aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki una vyaktiyoM se bhinna dhUmasaMtAna aura agnisaMtAna siddha nahIM haiN| arthAt nimitta agnisaMtAna se naimittika dhUmasaMtAna kI utpatti honA siddha hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 217 tdvytiriktsNtaansiddheH| kAlAdivizeSAtsaMtAna: saMtAnibhyo vyatirikta iti cet , kuta: kAlAdivizeSasteSAM saMtAnasyAnAdiparyavasAnatvAdapratiniyatakSetrakAryakAritvAcca saMtAninAM tadviparItatvAditi cenna, tasya padArthAMtaratvaprasaMgAt / saMtAno hi saMtAnibhyaH sakalakAryakaraNadravyebhyorthAMtaraM bhavaMstadvRttiratadvRttirvA ? tadvRttizcenna tAvadaguNastasyaikadravyavRttitvAt / saMyogAdivadanekadravyavRttiH saMtAno guNa iti cet sa tarhi saMyogAdibhyo'nyo vA syAttadanyatamo vA ? yadyanyaH sa tadA caturviMzatisaMkhyAvyAghAta:, tadanyatamazcet tarhi na tAvatsaMyogastasya vidymaandrvyvRttitvaat| saMtAnasya kaaltryvRttisNtaanismaashrytvaat| tata eva na vibhAgopi paratvamapi vA tasyApi dezApekSasya vartamAnadravyAzrayatvAt / pRthaktvaM ityapyasAraM, bhinnasaMtAnadravyapRthaktvasyApi santAniyoM se santAna abhinna hai| yadi kAla Adi vizeSoM kI apekSA saMtAniyoM se saMtAna bhinna hai, to saMtAniyoM aura saMtAna ke kAla Adi vizeSa kyoM hai? yadi kaho ki saMtAna kA kAla anAdi se abataka hai aura saMtAnI kA usase viparIta hai, (sAdisAnta hai) tathA saMtAna ko vizeSarUpa se aniyata sarva kSetroM meM kArya kA karttApanA hai aura saMtAnI vyakti niyata kSetra meM kArya ko karatA hai| isa prakAra saMtAna aura saMtAniyoM kA deza, kAla pRthak-pRthak hai parantu aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para usa saMtAna ko saMtAniyoM se sarvathA bhinna padArtha ho jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai| __pUrva, uttara kAloM meM hone vAle sampUrNa kAryakAraNa dravyarUpa saMtAniyoM se sarvathA bhinna saMtAna una saMtAniyoM meM rahatI hai? athavA una saMtAniyoM meM nahIM rahatA hai? yadi pahale pakSa ke anusAra una saMtAniyoM meM saMtAna kI vRtti hai aisA mAnoge to aneka kArya kAraNarUpa dravyoM meM rahane vAlA saMtAna guNa padArtha to ho nahIM sakatA hai| kyoMki rUpa, rasa Adika guNa eka dravya meM rahate haiN| yadi saMyoga, vibhAga, paratva, aparatva, dvitva Adi saMkhyA ina guNoM ke samAna saMtAna ko bhI aneka dravyoM meM rahane vAlA mAnoge to vaha saMtAna saMyogAdi guNoM se bhinna hai ki abhinna hai? yadi vaha saMtAna saMyoga AdikoM se bhinna hai, taba to guNoM kI (rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza, saMkhyA, pariNAma, pRthak, saMyoga, vibhAga, paratva, aparatva, gurutva, dravatva, sneha, zabda, buddhi, sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa, prayatna, dharma, adharma aura saMskAra ina vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ niyata) caubIsa saMkhyA kA vighAta hotA hai| yadi saMtAna saMyoga AdikoM se abhinna hai, aisA mAnoge taba to vaha saMtAna sarvaprathama saMyogasvarUpa to ho nahIM sakatI kyoMki vaha saMyogaguNa vartamAna kAla meM vidyamAna dravyoM meM rahatA hai aura saMtAna tInoM kAla meM sthita saMtAniyoM ke Azrita hai| ata:, saMyoga guNasvarUpa saMtAna nahIM ho sktii| tathA vibhAgarUpa bhI saMtAna nahIM hai| arthAt vibhAga bhI vartamAnakAla ke aneka dravyoM meM rahatA hai kintu saMtAna tInoM kAla ke saMtAniyoM meM rahane vAlI mAnI gaI hai tathA paratvaguNarUpa bhI saMtAna nahIM hai, kyoMki paratva bhI deza Adika kI apekSA rakhatA huA vartamAnakAla ke dravyoM ke Azrita hai, kintu saMtAna tInoM kAla ke dravya yA paryAyoM meM rahatA hai| aneka padArthoM meM rahane vAlA saMtAna pRthaktva guNarUpa hai, yaha kahanA bhI sAra rahita hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para bhinna saMtAna vAle dravyoM meM sthita pRthaktva ko bhI saMtAnatva kA prasaMga AtA hai| 1. jainAcArya kahate haiM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 218 / sNtaantvprsNgaat| tata evmsNkhyosau| etena saMyogAdInAM saMtAnatve bhinnasaMtAnagatAnAmapyeSAM saMtAnatvaprasaMgaH samApAdito boddhvyH| kAryakAraNaparamparAviziSTA sattAsaMtAna iti cet kutastadviziSTaH kAryakAraNopAdhitvAditicet, kathamevamanekA sattA na syaat| vizeSaNAnekatvAdupacArAdanekAstviticet kathamevaM paramArthatonekasaMtAnasiddhiryenaikasaMtAnAMtare pravRttiravisaMvAdinI syaat| yeSAM punarekAnekA ca vastunaH sattA teSAM sAmAnyato vizeSatazca tathA saMtAnaikatvanAnAtvavyavahAro na virudhyte| na ca viziSTakAryakAraNopAdhikayoH ata: vaha saMtAna aneka meM rahane vAlI dvitva, tritva, bahutva Adi saMkhyAsvarUpa nahIM hai apitu asaMkhyAta hai| isa ukta kathana se saMyoga, vibhAga Adi ko saMtAna mAnane para bhinna saMtAnoM meM prApta bhI ina saMyoga Adi ke saMtAna bana jAne kA prasaMga aaegaa| isakA bhI khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| kArya aura kAraNoM kI paramparA se viziSTa ekasattA ko yadi saMtAna kahoge to kisa kAraNa se usa sattA meM viziSTatA prApta huI? yadi kAryakAraNa rUpa vizeSaNoM se sattA kI viziSTatA ko svIkAra karoge taba to isa prakAra aneka sattAyeM kyoM nahIM ho jAeMgI? arthAt aneka kArya kAraNoM meM pRthak-pRthak rahane vAlI sattA aneka ho jaayegii| kintu vaizeSikoM ne sattA ko eka mAnA hai| yadi vaizeSika kaheM ki vizeSaNoM ke aneka hone ke kAraNa upacAra se sattA aneka hotI hai, vastutaH sattA eka hai| isa para jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra vAstavikarUpa se aneka saMtAnoM kI siddhi kaise ho sakatI hai jisase ki eka saMtAna se bhinna dUsarI saMtAna meM saMvAda ko rakhane vAlI pravRtti ThIka-ThIka ho sake? arthAt sattA eka hai to sampUrNa padArthoM kI sattArUpa saMtAna bhI eka hI rahegI, anya-anya nahIM hogii| parantu jina (syAdvAdiyoM) ke yahA~ vastu kI sattA eka aura aneka mAnI gaI hai, unake yahA~ sAmAnyarUpa aura vizeSarUpa se ekapana yA anekapana kA vyavahAra honA viruddha nahIM hai| kAryakAraNarUpa upAdhiyoM se viziSTa sattA vizeSa rUpa saMtAnoM kA paraspara meM upakArya upakArakabhAva nahIM hai kyoMki ve sattAyeM nitya haiN| nityoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva nahIM hotA hai-aisA bhI kahanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai kyoMki sattA vizeSoM meM kathaMcit anityapane kA virodha nahIM hai| syAdvAdasiddhAnta meM sampUrNa padArthoM kA paryAyArthika dRSTi se anityapanA vyavasthita kiyA gayA hai ata: vyaktirUpa saMtAniyoM ke samAna sattA vizeSarUpa saMtAnoM kA bhI kathaMcit upakRta upakAraka bhAva svIkAra karanA caahie| isa prakAra (bIja saMtAna aura akuMra saMtAna) ina donoM svarUpa kAryakAraNoM kA paraspara meM eka dUsare kA jJApakapanA siddha hotA hai ata: yaha kAryakAraNa ubhayarUpa hetu liMgoM ke kArya, kAraNa aura akAryakAraNarUpa tIna saMkhyA ke niyama kA vighaTana kara detA hai| isameM paraspara hetu sAdhya hokara eka se dUsare kA jJApana karane meM anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *219 sattAvizeSayo: saMtAnayoH parasparamupakAryopakArakabhAvAbhAvaH zAzvatatvAditi yuktaM vaktuM, kathaMcidazAzvatatvAvirodhAt / paryAyArthataH srvsyaanitytvvyvsthitiH| tataH saMtAninAmiva saMtAnayoH kathaMcidupakAryopakArakabhAvo'bhyupagaMtavya iti siddhamubhayAtmakayoranyonyaM sAdhanatvaM liMgatritayanimittaM vighaTayatyeva / na caivamanyonyAzrayaNaM tayorekatareNa prasiddhanAnyatarasyAprasiddhasya saadhnaat| tadubhayasiddhau ksycidnumaanaanudyaat|| saMprati parAbhimatasaMkhyAMtaraniyamamanUdya dUSayannAha;yaccAbhUtamabhUtasya bhUtaM bhUtasya sAdhanam / tathAbhUtamabhUttasyAbhUtaM bhUtasya ceSTyate // 207 // nAnyathAnupapannatvAbhAve tadapi saMgatam / tadbhAve tu kimetena niyamenAphalena vaH // 20 // na hyabhUtAdiliMgacatuSTayaniyamo vyavatiSThate bhUtAbhUtoyaM svabhAvasyApi liMgasya tAdRzi sAdhye sNbhvaat| na ca tadvyavacchedamakurvanniyamaH saphalo naam|| sarvahetuvizeSANAM saMgraho bhAsate ythaa| tathA tadbhedaniyame dvibhedo heturiSyatAm // 209 // saMkSepAdupalaMbhazcAnupalaMbhazca vastunaH / pareSAM tatprabhedatvAttatrAMtarbhAvasiddhitaH // 210 // kyoMki una donoM meM prasiddha eka hetu ke dvArA donoM meM se aprasiddha eka sAdhya kI siddhi kara lI jAtI hai| una donoM kI siddhi ho jAne para una donoM meM se kisI ke bhI anumAna kA udaya nahIM hotaa| ataH hetu kI saMkhyAoM kA ukta niyama karanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kArya aura kAraNa tathA akAryakAraNa ina tIna hetuoM se pRthak cauthA kAryakAraNa ubhaya hetu sthita hai| aba isa samaya anya vAdiyoM ke dvArA svIkRta hetuoM kI anya-anya vibhinna saMkhyA ke niyama kA anuvAda kara usako doSa pUrNa siddha karate hue AcArya spaSTa nirUpaNa karate haiM abhUta sAdhya kA abhUta hetu jJApaka hai aura bhUta sAdhya kA sAdhaka bhUtahetu hai| usI prakAra abhUta kA sAdhaka bhUtahetu hai| tathA bhUta sAdhya ko sAdhane vAlA abhUta hetu iSTa kiyA gayA hai| vaha sabhI anyathAnupapatti ke na hone para saMgaThita nahIM hote haiN| usa anyathAnupapatti ke hone para ina cAra bhedoM kA niyama niSphala karane se tumhAre kaunasA prayojana siddha hotA hai? arthAt abhUta Adi bheda karanA vyartha hai||207-208|| abhUta Adi hetu ke cAra bhedarUpa avayavoM kA niyama karanA vyavasthita nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki usa prakAra ke bhUta, abhUta, ubhayasvarUpa sAdhya ko sAdhane meM bhUtaabhUta-ubhayasvabhAva hetu kI bhI sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai aura usa pA~caveM hetu bheda ke vyavaccheda ko nahIM karane vAle cAra hetu kA niyama kaise bhI saphala nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| arthAt yadi anyathAnupapatti nahIM hai to hetubhedoM kA niyama karanA vyartha hai, aura yadi anyathAnupapatti hai to bheda, prabheda karanA ni:sAra hai| anyathAnupapatti hI hetu kA prANa hai| jaise sampUrNa hetuoM ke bhedoM kA saMgraha ho jAnA pratibhAsita hotA hai, usa prakAra se usa hetu ke bhedoM ko niyama se do prakAra ke hetu iSTa karanA caahie| saMkSepa se vastu kA upalambha honA aura anupalambha honA hetu ke ye do bheda karanA acchA hai| kyoMki anya zeSa bhedoM kA ina do bheda rUpa hone se inhIM do meM antarmAva siddha ho jAtA hai arthAt upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi rUpa do hetu meM sarva hetu garbhita ho jAte haiN|209-210||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 220 upalabdhyanupalabdhyoreveti sarvahetuvizeSANAmaMtarbhAva: pratibhAsate saMkSepAtteSAM tatprabhedatvAditi tadiSTi: shreysii| na hi kAryAdayaH saMyogyAdaya: pUrvavadAdayo vItAdayo vA hetuvizeSAstato bhidyate tdprbhedtvaaprtiiteH|| nanUpalabhyamAnatvamupalabho ydiissyte| tadA svabhAvahetuH sadvyavahAraprasAdhane // 211 // athopalabhyate yena sa tathA kaarysaadhnH| samAnonupalaMbhepi vicAroyaM kathaM na te // 212 // yadhupalaMbhaH karmasAdhanastadA svabhAvahetureva sadvyavahAre sAdhye karaNasAdhanamanupalaMbhe tata: sopi na svabhAvakAryahetubhyAM bhinnaH syAt / karmasAdhanatvenupalabhyamAnatvasya svbhaavhetutvaat| karaNasAdhanatvenupalaMbhanasya kAryasvabhAvayorvidhisAdhanatvAdanupalabhasya pratiSedhaviSayatvAdanyastAbhyAmanupalaMbha ityasaMgataM ityAha isa prakAra sampUrNa hetuoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kI upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi meM hI antarbhAva honA pratibhAsita hotA hai, kyoMki, saMkSepa se una do bhedoM ke hI ve saba kArya Adi, bhUta Adi, vIta Adi prabheda haiN| isa prakAra una do bhedoM ko iSTa karanA hI zreSTha hai| kArya, kAraNa Adi tathA saMyogI, samavAyI, ekArthasamavAyI aura virodhI tathA pUrvavat Adi athavA vIta Adi ye saba hetuoM ke vizeSa una do bhedoM se pRthak nahIM haiM, kyoMki kArya Adi ko upalabdhi anupalabdhi kA prabheda rahitatva pratIta nahIM hotA hai| pratyut kArya Adi se atirikta anya bhI pUrvacara, vyApaka, vyApaka viruddha Adi aneka hetu bhI upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi meM samA jAte haiN| bauddhoM kI zaMkA : upalaMbha zabda kA artha yadi karma artha kI pratipattI karAte hue upalambha kiyA gayApana iSTa kiyA gayA hai, taba to svabhAvavAn ke sadbhAva ke vyavahAra ko acchA sAdhane meM vaha upalambha hetu svabhAva hetu hI huA aura jisake dvArA upalambha kiyA jAtA hai vaha upalambha hai, isameM ghaJ pratyaya karane para upalambha banAyA jAyegA to upalambha hetu kArya hetu kyoM nahIM banegA? phira kArya aura svabhAva ke atirikta upalambha heta ke mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? yaha vicAra anapalambha zabda meM bhI karma sAdhana aura karaNa sAdhana vyutpatti karane para samAnarUpa se lAgU hotA hai ata: tumhAre yahA~ kArya aura svabhAva anupalambha hetuoM meM hI sarvahetuoM kA antarbhAva kyoM nahIM kara liyA jAtA hai? // 211-212 // bauddha kaha rahe haiM ki upalaMbha zabda yadi karma meM ghaJpratyaya kara siddha kiyA gayA hai, taba to svabhAva hetu hI hogaa| ata: vyavahAra samAnabhAva ke sadbhAva kA vyavahAra ko sAdhya karane meM sAdhya kA svabhAva upalambha hetu hai| yadi karaNa sAdhana upalambha zabda mAnA jAyegA to usakA artha kArya hetu hotA hai ata: vaha bhI svabhAva aura kArya hetuoM se bhinna nahIM ho sktaa| anupalambha zabda ko karma sAdhana mAnane para anupalambha kA anupalabdhi meM aMtarbhAva ho jAtA hai| bauddhoM ke yahA~ vidhi ko sAdhane vAle kArya aura svabhAva do hetu mAne gaye haiN| tathA una donoM se pRthak pratiSedha ko viSaya karane vAlA hone se tIsarA anupalambha hetu iSTa kiyA hai| samAdhAna : yaha bauddhoM kA kathana asaMgata hai| isa bAta ko AcArya mahArAja kahate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 221 yathA cAmuMpalaMbhena niSedho'rthasya saadhyte| tathA kAryasvabhAvAbhyAmiti yuktA na tadbhidA // 213 // nanu ca dvau sAdhanAvekaH pratiSedhaheturityatra dvAveva vastusAdhanau pratiSedhaheturevaika iti niyamyate na punauM vastusAdhanAveva tAbhyAmanyavyavacchedasyApi saadhnaat| tathA naika eva pratiSe dhaheturityavadhAryate tata eva yato liMgatrayaniyamaH saMkSepAnna vyavatiSThata iti na tadvibhedo heturiSyate tasyAvyavasthAnAdityatrAhaniSedhaheturevaika ityayuktaM vidherpi| siddharanupalaMbhenAnyavyavacchidvidhiryataH // 214 // nAstIha pradeze ghaTAdirupalabdhilakSaNaprAptasyAnupalabdharityanupalaMbhena yathA niSedhyasya pratiSedhastathA vyavacchedasya vidhirapi kartavya ev| pratiSedho hi sAdhyastato'nyo'pratiSedhastadvyavacchedasyAvidhau kathaM pratiSedhaH siddhyet ? tadvidhau vA kathaM pratiSedhaheturevaika ityavadhAraNaM sughaTa / guNabhAvena vidheranupalabhena sAdhanAtprAdhAnyena pratiSedhasyaiva vyavasthApanAtsughaTaM tathAvadhAraNamiti cet , tarhi dvau vastusAdhanAvityavadhAraNamastu tAbhyAM vastuna eva prAdhAnyena vidhAnAt / pratiSedhasya guNabhAvena sAdhanAt / yadi punaH pratiSedhopi kAryasvabhAvAbhyAM prAdhAnyena jisa prakAra anupalambha ke dvArA artha kA niSedha siddha kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra kArya aura svabhAvoM se bhI vastu kA niSedha siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai ataH anupalambha kA una kArya aura svabhAva se bheda karanA yukta nahIM hai||213|| bhAvArtha : bauddhoM dvArA mAnya hetu ke tIna bheda ThIka nahIM haiN| zaMkA : vastuvidhi ko sAdhane vAle hetu do prakAra ke haiM aura eka hetu pratiSedha ko sAdhane vAlA hai| isa prakAra isa kathana meM donoM hI hetu vastu ko sAdhane vAle haiM aura eka hetu pratiSedha ko sAdhane vAlA hI hai| isa prakAra evakAra lagAkara niyama kara diyA jAtA hai, kintu phira vastu kI vidhi ko hI sAdhane vAle do hetu haiM, aisA niyama to nahIM kiyA gayA hai kyoMki una do svabhAva aura kArya hetuoM se anya padArthoM kA vyavaccheda karanA bhI siddha kiyA jAtA hai tathA eka hI hetu niSedha kA sAdhaka hai| yaha bhI avadhAraNa nahIM kara sakate haiM, kyoMki niSedha sAdhaka hetu se anya kisI padArtha kI vidhi bhI siddha kI jA sakatI hai, jisase ki yahA~ saMkSepa meM tIna prakAra ke hetu kA niyama karanA vyavasthita na hove| arthAt bauddhoM dvArA mAne gaye kArya meM tIna hetu ThIka haiM, ata: upalambha, anupalambha do bheda iSTa nahIM haiM, kyoMki unakI samIcIna vyavasthiti nahIM ho sakatI hai| bauddhoM kI isa zaMkA kA AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM- niSedha ko sAdhane vAlA eka hI anupalambha hetu hai, yaha kahanA ayukta hai, kyoMki aisA kahane para anupalambha ke dvArA padArthoM kI vidhi bhI siddha ho jAtI hai tathA anya ke vyaccheda kI vidhi bhI anupalambha se kara dI jAtI hai| yAnI vidhi kI siddhi bhI anupalambha hetu se ho jAtI hai||214|| isa pradeza meM ghaTa, pustaka Adi nahIM haiM, kyoMki upalabdhisvarUpa kI yogyatA ko prApta hone kI upalabdhi nahIM ho rahI hai| arthAt yahA~ ghaTa Adi hote to avazya dIkhane meM Ate; dIkhane yogya hokara ve nahIM dIkha rahe haiM, ata: ve yahA~ nahIM hai| isa prakAra anupalambha ke dvArA jaise niSedha karane yogya ghaTa Adi kA pratiSedha ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra anya ghaTa Adi ke vyaccheda kI vidhi-bhI karanI cAhie kyoMki,
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 222 sAdhyate yathA nAnagniratra dhUmAt , nAvRkSo'yaM zizapAtvAditi mataM tadAnupalaMbhenApi vidhiH pradhAnabhAvena saadhytaa| yathAstyatrAgniranauSNyAnupalabdheriti kathaM niSedhasAdhana evaika ityekaM saMvidhitsoranyatpracyavate / nanu ca nAnagniratra dhUmAditi viruddhakAryopalabdhiH pratiSedhasya sAdhikA nAvRkSo'yaM zizapAtvAditi viruddhavyAptopalabdhizca yAvatkazcitpratiSedhaH sa sarvonupalabdheriti vacanAt / tathAstyatrAgniranauSNyAnupalabdherityayamapi svabhAvaheturauSNyopalabdhereva hetutvAtpratiSedhadvayasyaprakRtArthasamarthakatvAditi na prAdhAnyena dvau prtissedhsaadhnau| anumAna dvArA niSedha ko sAdhya kiyA gayA hai| usa pratiSedha se bhinna apratiSedha hai| yadi usa apratiSedha ke nirAkaraNa kI vidhi na kI jAyegI to niSedha kaise siddha hogA? yadi anupalambha hetu dvArA usa apratiSedha kI vidhi kI siddhi mAnoge to eka hetu pratiSedha kA hI sAdhaka hai| isa prakAra kA evakAra dvArA avadhAraNa karanA kisa prakAra ghaTita hogA? arthAt yahA~ evakAra nahIM laga sakatA hai| arthAt anupalambha hetu se vidhi aura niSedha donoM siddha hote haiN| bauddha kahatA hai- anupalambha hetu ke dvArA gauNarUpa se vidhi kI siddhi hotI hai| kintu pradhAnatA se anupalabdhi ke dvArA niSedha kI vyavasthA karAI jAtI hai, ataH isa prakAra eka hetu pratiSedha kA sAdhaka hai, yaha avadhAraNa karanA ghaTita ho jAtA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM taba to kArya, svabhAva ye do hetu bhAvasvarUpa vastu ke sAdhaka haiM, yaha niyama karanA cAhie kyoMki una do kArya svabhAva hetuoM se vastu ke bhAva kI pradhAnatA se vidhi kA vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai, niSedha ko gauNarUpa se siddha kiyA jAtA hai| yadi phira kArya aura svabhAva hetu se pratiSedha kI bhI pradhAnatA se siddhi kI jAyegI jaiseki 'yahA~ agnirahitapanA nahIM hai kyoMki dhuA~ ho rahA hai tathA yahA~ vRkSarahitapanA nahIM hai, kyoMki zIzoM kA per3a khar3A hai|' isa prakAra pradhAnatA se niSedha bhI siddha hotA hai, aisA mAnoge taba to anupalambha ke dvArA bhI pradhAnatA se vidhi kI siddhi honA mAnA jAnA caahie| jisa prakAra yahA~ agni hai, kyoMki uSNatArahitapanA nahIM dIkha rahA hai| isa prakAra eka anupalabdhi hetu niSedha ko hI sAdhane vAlA kaise ho sakatA hai? ataH eka bAta ko siddha karane para dUsarI bAta naSTa ho jAtI hai| eka kathana kI siddhi karane para dUsare para vyAghAta ho jAtA hai| prazna : yahA~ agni kA abhAva nahIM hai-dhUma hone se| isa anumAna meM viruddha kArya kI upalabdhirUpa anupalambha hetu niSedha kA sAdhaka hai tathA yaha pradeza vRkSa rahita nahIM hai, zIzoM ke hone se| yaha viruddha se vyApti kI upalabdhirUpa anupalambha hetu hai| jitane bhI koI niSedha sAdhe jAte haiM, ve sabhI anupalabdhi se hI siddha hote haiN| aisA bauddha granthoM meM kahA gayA hai| tathA yahA~ agni hai, anuSNatA ke upalabdhi nahIM hone se| isa prakAra yaha uSNatA kI upalabdhi svabhAva hetu hI hai, kyoMki anuSNatA kI anupalabdhi bhI svabhAva hai| arthAt anuSNatA kI anupalabdhi uSNatA kI upalabdhi hI hai| abhAva kA abhAva bhAvarUpa hotA hai| do niSedhoM ko prakRta artha kA samarthakapanA hai| kArya aura svabhAva hetu ye donoM pradhAnatA se niSedha ko sAdhane vAle nahIM haiM, kintu gauNarUpa se niSedha ko aura pradhAnatA se sadbhAva ko sAdhane vAle mAnate haiN| tathA eka anupalambha hetu to vidhi kA sAdhana nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, jisase ki ukta doSa A sakate hoN| isa prakAra koI (bauddha) kahatA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 223 nApyeko vidhisAdhano yato doSaH syAditi kazcit , sopi na prAtItikAbhidhAyI kAryasvabhAvAnupalabdhiSu pratIyamAnAsu vipryyklpnaat| tathAhi--sarvatra kAryasvabhAvahetoviruddhavyAptopalabdhirUpatApatteranupalabdhirevaikA syAt anupalabdhervA kAryasvabhAvahetutApattestAveva syAtAM tatra pratItyanusaraNe yathopayoktrabhiprAyaM kAryasvabhAvAvapi prAdhAnyena vidhiprtissedhsaadhnaavupeyau| vidhisAdhanazcAnupalaMbha iti na viSayabhedAlliMgasaMkhyAniyama: siddhyet|| ysmaadnuplNbhotraanuplbhytvmissyte| tathopalabhyamAnatvamupalabhaH svruuptH||215|| bhinnAvetau na tu svArthAbhedAditi niymyte| bhaavaabhaavaatmkaikaarthgocrtvaavishesstH||216|| upalabhyatvAnupalabhyatvasvarUpabhedAdeva bhinnAdupalambhAnupalabhau maMtavyau na punaH svaviSayabhedAditi niyamyate vidhipratiSedhAtmakaikavastuviSayatvasya tayorvizeSAbhAvAt / yathaivetyupalabhena prAdhAnyAdvidhiguNabhAvAt uttara : vaha bauddha bhI pramANa dvArA vizvAsa karane yogya kathana karane vAlA nahIM hai kayoMki usakA kathana sampUrNa laukika parIkSaka vidvAnoM dvArA pratIta kie jA rahe kArya, svabhAva aura anupalabdhi hetuoM meM viparIta kalpanA karane vAlA hai| jaina una bauddhoM kI viparIta kalpanA kA hI nidarzana karAte haiM ki isa prakAra to sabhI sthAnoM para kArya aura svabhAva hetuoM ko viruddha se vyApta kI upalabdhisvarUpa prApta ho jAegA ata: eka anupalabdhi hI hetu kA bheda mAnanA caahie| athavA anupalabdhi hetu ko bhI kArya hetutva yA svabhAvahetutva kI Apatti ho jAyegI ataH anupalabdhi kA do meM antarbhAva ho jAne se kArya aura svabhAva ye do hI hetu raha jAte haiN| yadi vahA~ pratIti kA anusaraNa karoge, taba to upayoga karane vAle abhiprAya kA atikramaNa nahIM kara kArya aura svabhAva hetuoM ko pradhAnatA se vidhi aura niSedha ko bhI sAdhane vAlA mAna lenA caahie| tathA anupalambha hetu ko bhI pradhAnatA se vidhi ko sAdhane vAlA mAna lenA cAhie ataH vidhi aura niSedharUpa * viSayoM ke bheda se hetu bhedoM kI saMkhyA kA niyama nahIM siddha ho sakatA hai| (jaina siddhAnta meM to upalabdhi, vidhi aura niSedhAtmaka hai aura anupalabdhi bhI vidhi niSedhAtmaka hai)| jisa prakAra yahA~ anupalabhamAna hetu anupalambha kahalAtA hai, usI prakAra upalambhamAna hetu upalabha kahalAtA hai ata: vastu ke dharmoM kI apekSA se ye donoM hetu bhinna-bhinna haiN| kintu apane dharmI artha ke abheda hone se donoM abhinna hI haiM, bhinna nahIM, aisA niyama kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki, bhAva aura abhAvasvarUpa eka artha ko viSaya karane rUpa dharma donoM hetuoM meM samAna hai| isameM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai|||215-216|| - eka vastu ke upalabhyapana aura anupalabhyapana nAmaka svarUpabhUta dharmoM ke bheda se hI upalambha aura anupalambhoM ko bhinna mAna sakate haiM, kintu phira bhI apane dharmIrUpa viSaya ke bheda se ye hetu bhinna nahIM haiMisa prakAra niyama kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki vidhi aura pratiSedhasvarUpa eka vastu ko viSaya karanA una donoM meM avizeSatA se vidyamAna hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 224 pratiSedhazca viSayIkriyate tathAnupalaMbhenApi / yathAnupalaMbhena pratiSedhaH prAdhAnyAt , vidhizca guNabhAvAttathopalaMbhenApIti ythaayogymudaahrissyte| tataH saMkSepAdupalaMbhAnupalaMbhAveva hetU prtipttvyau|| tattatraivopalaMbhaH syAtsiddhaH kAryAdibhedataH / kAryopalabdhiragnyAdau dhUmAdiH suvidhaantH||217|| kAraNasyopalabdhiH syAdviziSTajaladonnateH / vRSTau viziSTatA tasyAzcityA chaayaavishesstH||218|| kAraNAnupalaMbhepi yathA kArye vishisstttaa| bodhyAbhyAsAttathA kAryAnupalaMbhepi kAraNe // 219 // samarthaM kAraNaM tena nAtyakSaNagataM matam / tadbodhe yena vaiyarthyamanumAnasya gadyate // 220 // na cAnukUlatAmAtraM kAraNasya vishisstttaa| yenAsya pratibaMdhAdisaMbhavAdvyabhicAritA // 221 // bhAvArtha : bauddhoM ke samAna prameyabheda se pramANa ke bheda hone ko hama nahI mAnate haiN| pramANa kitane hI hoM kintu sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastunAma kA prameya eka hI hai| ... jisa prakAra upalambha hetu ke dvArA pradhAnatA se vidhi ko aura gauNarUpa se niSedha ko viSaya kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra anupalambha hetu ke dvArA bhI pradhAnatA se vidhi aura gauNarUpa se niSedha jAnA jAtA hai tathA jisa prakAra anupalambha ke dvArA pradhAnatA se niSedha aura gauNarUpa se vidhi kA jAnanA abhISTa hai, usI prakAra upalambha ke dvArA bhI pradhAnatA se niSedha aura gauNarUpa se vidhi kA jJApana karanA iSTa hai| ina saba hetubhedoM ke yathAyogya udAharaNa bhaviSya meM diye jaaeNge| ata: saMkSepa meM upalambha aura anupalambha ye hI do hetu samajha lene caahie| una hetubhedoM meM upalambha nAma kA hetu kArya, vyApya, kAraNa, pUrvacara, uttaracara, sahacara ina bhedoM se chaha prakAra kA siddha hai| jainasiddhAntAnusAra hetuoM kI bheda gaNanA karane se agni Adi kAraNoM ko sAdhya karane meM dhUma Adi hetu kArya upalabdhirUpa haiN||217|| viziSTa meghoM se bhaviSya meM hone vAlI varSA kI viziSTatA jAna lI jAtI hai tathA chAyAvizeSa se chatra kI jJapti ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra kAraNopalabdhi hetu ke udAharaNa jAnane caahie|||218|| __kAraNa ke pratyakSa na hone para bhI jisa prakAra kArya meM hone vAlI viziSTatA abhyAsa se jAna lI jAtI hai arthAt pratyakSa kArya se parokSakAraNa kA anumAna ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra kArya kA anupalambha hone para bhI kAraNa meM viziSTatA jAna lI jAtI hai||219|| bhAvArtha : pratyakSa ho rahe kAraNa hetu se parokSa kArya kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai| kArya ke karane meM samartha kAraNa ko hetu kahA hai, ataH antyakSaNa ko prApta kAraNa hetu nahIM mAnA gayA hai jisase ki uttarakSaNa meM usa kArya ke pratyakSa ho jAne para anumAna pramANa uThAne kA vyarthapanA kahA jaaye||220|| ___tathA, kAraNa ko jJApaka hetu banAne ke prakaraNa meM svarUpayogyatArUpa kevala anukUlatA ko bhI hama kAraNa kI viziSTatA nahIM mAnate haiM, jisase ki isa kAraNa kA pratibaMdha, pRthakkaraNa Adi sambhava hone se kAraNa hetu kA vyabhicAra doSa se yukta ho sakatA hai arthAt kArya karAne meM upayogI aura kAraNapane kI sAmarthya ke pratibandha se rahita kAraNa ko kArya kA jJApaka hetu mAnA jAtA hai| anya sabhI kAraNoM ko nahIM // 221 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 225 vaikalyapratibaMdhAbhyAmanAsAdya svabhAvatAm / viziSTatAtra vijJAtuM zakyA chAyAdibhedataH // 222 // tadvilope'khilakhyAtavyavahAravilopanam / tRptyaadikaarysiddhyrthmaahaaraadiprvRttitH||223|| hetunA yaH samagreNa kaaryotpaadonumiiyte| arthAMtarAnapekSatvAtsa svabhAva itIraNe // 224 // kAryotpAdanayogyatve kArye vA zaktakAraNam / svabhAvaheturityAyairvicArya prathame mataH // 225 / / svakArye bhinnarUpaikasvabhAvaM kAraNaM vadet / kAryasyApi svabhAvatvaprasaMgAdavizeSataH // 226 // samagrakAraNaM kAryasvabhAvo na tu tasya tt| ko'nyo brUyAditi dhvastaprajJAnairAtmavAdinaH // 227 // yatsvakAryAvinAbhAvi kAraNaM kAryameva tat / kAryaM tu kAraNaM bhAvItyetadunmattabhASitam // 228 // yadyapi anya kAraNoM kI vikalatA (rahitatA) aura kAraNoM ke sAmarthya ke pratibandha hone se svabhAva ko nahIM prApta hone vAlA hetu vyabhicArI ho sakatA hai| ___ parantu anya kAraNoM kI paripUrNatA aura kArya karane meM hetu kI sAmarthya kA pratibaMdha na hone se yahA~ kAraNa hetu kI viziSTatA ko vizeSarUpa se jAnA jA sakatA hai jaise chAyA uSNatA, Adi ke bheda se chatra, agni Adi kA kAraNapanA suvyavasthita hotA hai| yadi anya kAryoM kI pUrNatA aura hetu sAmarthya kI akSuNNatA rahate hue bhI usa kAraNa se kArya ke jJAna hone kA vilopa ho jAnA mAnoge to jagatprasiddha sampUrNa vyavahAroM kA vilopa ho jAyegA, parantu tRpti, pyAsa bujhanA Adi kAryoM kI siddhi ke lie AhAra, jalapAna Adi . meM pravRtti honA rUpa vyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai ataH sabhI kAraNoM ko to nahIM, kintu kArya ko niyama se karane vAle kAraNoM ko jJApaka hetu mAnanA nyAyya hai||222-223|| . bauddha : pUrNa sAmagrI se yukta hetu ke dvArA jo kArya ke utpAda kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha anya arthoM kI apekSA nahIM hone se svabhAva hetu hai| athavA kArya ke utpAda karAne kI yogyatA hone para kArya karane meM samartha kAraNa svabhAva hetu hai| aisA kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki Arya (vidvAna) ko vicAra kara prathama svabhAva hetu meM kAraNa hetu mAnanA nItiyukta hai, kintu bauddha apane kArya karane meM bhinnasvarUpa ho rahe eka kAraNa ko yadi svabhAva hetu kahatA hai taba to kArya hetu ko bhI svabhAva hetupana kA prasaMga AtA hai, kyoMki ina donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| arthAt svabhAvavAn kAraNa kA svabhAva kArya hetu ho sakatA hai| samagra kAraNa to kArya kA svabhAva hai, kintu usa samagra kAraNa kA svabhAva vaha kArya nahIM hai| naSTa ho gayA hai jJAna jinakA, aise anAtmavAdI ko chor3akara dUsarA kauna aisA kaha sakatA hai? arthAt koI nahIM kaha sktaa| ataH svabhAva hetu se atirikta jaise kArya hetu mAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra kAraNa hetu bhI pRthak mAnanA cAhie // 224225-226-227 // ___ jo kAraNa apane kArya ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhatA hai, vaha to kArya hI hai| bhaviSya meM hone vAle kAraNa bhI kArya ke janaka mAne gaye haiN| isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kahanA unmattoM kA bhASaNa hai| arthAt-kArya meM vyApAra karane vAle kAraNa mAne jAte haiN| bhaviSya meM hone vAle kAraNa kArya meM kaise sahAyatA kara sakate haiM? kathamapi nahIM // 228 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 226 parasparAvinAbhAvAt kazcid hetuH smaashritH| hetutattvavyavasthaivamanyonyAzrayaNAjanaiH // 229 // rAjyAdidAyakAdRSTavizeSasyAnumApakam / pANicakrAdi tatkAryaM kathaM vo bhAvikAraNam // 230 // tatparIkSakalokAnAM prsiddhmnumnytaam| kAraNaM kAryavaddheturavinAbhAvasaMgatam // 231 // evaM kAryopalabdhiM kAraNopalabdhiM ca nizcitya saMpratyakAryakAraNopalabdhiM vibhidyodaahrnnaah;kaarykaarnnnirmuktvstudRssttirvivkssyte| tatsvabhAvopalabdhizca tadasambandhanizcitA // 23 // kathaMcitsAdhyatAdAtmyapariNAmamitasya yaa| svabhAvasyopalabdhiH syAtsAvinAbhAvalakSaNA // 233 // utpAdAditrayAkrAMtaM samastaM sattvato ythaa| guNaparyayavadravyaM dravyatvAditi cocyate // 234 // yasyArthasya svabhAvopalaMbhaH sa vyvsaaykH| siddhistasyAnumAnena kiM tvayAnyatprasAdhyate // 235 / / samAropavyavacchedastenetyapi na yuktimt| nizciterthe samAropAsaMbhavAditi kecana // 236 // tadasadvastunonekasvabhAvasya vinishcite| sattvAdAvapi sAdhyAtmanizcayAnnizyamAnnRNAm // 237 // kArya aura kAraNa kA paraspara meM avinAbhAva hone se donoM meM se cAhe jisa kisI ko hetutattva kI vyavasthA kA Azraya lene para to isameM anyonyAzraya doSa Ane se hetu kI vyavasthA kaise ho skegii||229|| tumhAre mata meM rAjyAdi ko dilAne vAle puNya-pApa vizeSoM kA anumAna karAne vAle pANicakra (hastarekhA meM cakra kA cihna) Adi bhAvI kAraNa ke kArya kaise ho sakate haiM? // 230 // ataH parIkSaka janoM ko yaha prasiddha bAta mAna lenI cAhie ki kArya ke samAna avinAbhAva se yukta kAraNa bhI jJApaka hetu bana jAtA hai||231|| isa prakAra vidhi ko sAdhane vAle upalambha hetuoM meM se kArya-upalambha aura kAraNa-upalambha hetuoM kA nizcaya kara isa samaya kArya, kAraNa se rahita upalabdhi ke vizeSabheda kA udAharaNa dikhalAte hue AcArya nirUpaNa karate haiM kArya aura kAraNa se rahita vastu kA upalambha jaba vivakSita kiyA jAtA hai, taba vaha kArya kAraNa sambandha se rahita nizcita kI gaI svabhAva upalabdhi kahI jAtI hai| sAdhya ke sAtha kathaMcit tadAtmakapana pariNAma ko prApta svabhAva kA upalambha hotA hai vaha avinAbhAva svarUpa svabhAva upalambha hetu kA bIja hai| usake udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM ki sampUrNa padArtha utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ina tIna dharmoM se adhirUr3ha haiM, sattva hone se| jaise ghar3A, kar3A, Adi padArtha sattva hone se utpAdAdi tInoM se yukta hai tathA dravya sahabhAvI guNa aura kramabhAvI paryAyoM se yukta hai dravaNatva hone se| isa prakAra svabhAva upalambha ke udAharaNa kahe jAte haiN| sampUrNa padArthoM kA satpanA svabhAva hai aura guNaparyayavAn kA svabhAva dravyatva dharma hai||232-233-234|| koI zaMkA karatA hai-jisa artha ke svabhAva kA upalambha nizcayAtmaka hai, usa svabhAvavAn artha ke nizcaya kI siddhi to avazya ho jAtI hai phira usa svabhAvavAn artha kA anumAna ke dvArA tumane svabhAvavAn sUtra se bhinna kisa artha ko siddha kiyA hai? samAdhAna : svabhAvavAn artha meM kisI kAraNa se saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya athavA ajJAnarUpa samAropa utpanna ho jAtA hai, usakA vyavaccheda karanA anumAna se siddha kiyA jAtA hai| koI kahatA hai ki yaha tumhArA kahanA bhI yuktisahita nahIM hai, kyoMki nizcita kiye gaye artha meM samAropaM honA asaMbhava hai||235-236||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 227 nizcitAnizcitAtmatvaM na caikasya virudhyte| citratAjJAnavannAnAsvabhAvaikArthasAdhanAt // 238 // tata eva na pakSasya pramANena virodhanaM / nApi vRttirvipakSaste hetorekaaNttshcyuteH||239|| utpAdavyayanirmuktaM na vastu kharazRMgavat / nApi dhrauvyaparityaktaM tryAtmakaM svaarthtttvtH||240|| sahabhAvi guNAtmatvAbhAve dravyasya tattvataH / kramotpitsu svaparyAyAbhAvatve ca na kasyacit // 241 // nAkrameNa krameNApi kaarykaaritvsNgtiH| tadabhAve kutastasya dravyatvaM vyomapuSpavat // 242 // evaM heturayaM zakta: sAdhyaM sAdhayituM dhruvN| sattvavanniyamAdeva lakSaNasya vinizcayAt // 243 // tadiyamakAryakAraNarUpasya saadhysvbhaavsyoplbdhinishcitoktaa| AcArya kahate haiM-yaha kisI kA kahanA samIcIna nahIM hai kyoMki aneka svabhAva vAlI vastu kA vizeSa nizcaya ho jAne para bhI katipaya dharmayuktavastu kA nizcaya nahIM ho pAtA hai| jaise-sattva, pariNAmitva Adi hetuoM meM utpAda Adi se yukta sAdhyasvarUpa ke sAtha avinAbhAva kA nizcaya hone para bhI sAdhya kA nizcaya honA manuSyoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| eka bhAva ke nizcitasvarUpapana aura anizcitasvarUpapana meM koI virodha nahIM hai, kyoMki aneka svabhAva vAle eka artha ko citratva jJAna samAna siddha kiyA gayA hai| arthAt-vastu ke eka nizcitasvabhAva se anumAna dvArA anya svabhAvoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka vastu kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai||237-238|| pakSa (pratijJA) kA pramANa ke dvArA virodha nahIM AtA hai| eka hI dharma se yukta padArtha hai' isa siddhAnta se cyuta ho jAne ke kAraNa usa sattvahetu kI vipakSa meM vRtti bhI nahIM hai| jo utpAda aura vyaya se sarvathA rahita hai, vaha gadhe ke sIMga samAna koI vastu nahIM hai, tathA dhruvapana se rahita bhI koI vastubhUta padArtha nahIM hai ataH arthakriyA karanA rUpa, prayojana tattva kI apekSA se sampUrNa padArtha pUrvasvabhAva kA tyAga, uttaravartI svabhAvoM kA grahaNa tathA anvitarUpa se dhruvapanArUpa tIna dharmoM se tadAtmaka hai||239-240|| arthAt padArtha kA utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ke sAtha tadAtmaka sambandha hai-ina tInoM se rahita koI bhI padArtha nahIM anAdi se ananta kAla taka dravya ke sAtha dhruvarUpa se rahane vAle svabhAvI guNoM kA abhAva ho jAne para dravya kI yathArtha se yugapat kAryakArIpana kI saMgati nahIM ho sktii| tathA krama se utpanna hone vAle utpAda, vyayarUpa sva paryAyoM kA abhAva mAnane para kisI bhI dravya ke krama, krama se kAryakArIpana kI gati nahIM ho sakatI hai| jaba arthakriyA ko saMpAdana karAne ke bIjabhUta utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyasvarUpa sahabhAvI aura kramabhAvI pariNAma nahIM svIkAra karate haiM to usa padArtha kA dravyapanA kaise siddha ho sakatA hai? jaise ki krama aura yugapat arthakriyA ko na karane se AkAzapuSpa ko dravyapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra yaha dravyatva hetu sattvahetu ke samAna utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya Atmaka sAdhya ko sAdhane ke lie samartha hai, kyoMki isameM avinAbhAva hai| avinAbhAva se hI samIcIna hetu ke lakSaNa kA vizeSa nizcaya hotA hai||241-242-243||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 228 sAdhyAdanyasyopalabdhi punarvibhajya nizcinvannAha;sAdhyAdanyopalabdhistu dvividhaapyvsiiyte| viruddhasyAviruddhasya dRSTastena vikalpanAt // 244 // sAdhyAdanyasya hi tena sAMdhyena viruddhasyopalabdhiraviruddhasya vA dvidhA kalpyate sA gtyNtraabhaavaat| tatra pratiSedhe viruddhopalabdhirarthasya tdythaa| nAstyeva sarvathaikAMto'nekAMtasyopalaMbhataH // 245 // yAvatkazcinniSedhotra sa sarvonupalaMbhavAn / yattadeSa viruddhopalaMbhostvanupalaMbhanam // 246 // ityayuktaM tthaabhuutshruternuplNbhnN| tanmUlatvAttathAbhAve pratyakSamanumAstu te||247|| tathaivAnupalaMbhena virodhe sAdhite kvacit / syAtsvabhAvaviruddhopalabdhivRttistathaiva vA // 248 // isI kAraNa kArya, kAraNa svarUpa ke dvArA sAdhya svabhAva kI upalabdhi nizcita kI gaI hai arthAt dravyArthika naya se sAre padArthoM meM utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya kI upalabdhi siddha ho jAtI hai, phira bhI paryAya kI apekSA antara hai| so kahate haiM - aba sAdhya se anya kI upalabdhirUpa hetu kA phira vibhAga kara nizcaya karAte hue AcArya kahate haiM sAdhya se anya padArtha kI upalabdhi to donoM bhI prakAra kI nizcita jAnI jA rahI hai| usa sAdhya ke sAtha viruddha ho rahe kA upalambha honA aura usa sAdhya se aviruddha kA upalambha honA, isa prakAra se hetu ke do bheda kiye jAte haiN| arthAt viruddhopalabdhi aura aviruddhopalabdhi ke bheda se hetu do prakAra haiM // 244 // sAdhya se anya kI usa sAdhya ke dvArA viruddha ho rahe kI upalabdhi aura sAdhya se aviruddha kI upalabdhi do prakAra kalpita kI gaI hai| anya upAya kA abhAva hai| unameM prathama viruddhopalabdhi kA kathana karate haiM hetu ke dvArA artha kA niSedha (abhAva) siddha karane para viruddhopalabdhi hetu hotA hai jaisevastu sarvathA ekAnta (ekadharmAtmaka) nahIM hai, kyoMki aneka dharmoM kI upalabdhi ho rahI hai| prazna : 'jitane bhI koI yahA~ niSedha hai, ve sabhI anupalambhayukta haiM ata: yaha ekAnta se viruddha anekAnta kA upalambha honA anupalambha ho jAtA hai|' uttara : yaha kahanA yuktirahita hai kyoMki isa prakAra anupalambha sunA jAtA hai| usa anupalambha kA mUla kAraNa pratyakSa hai aura usa pratyakSa kA abhAva mAnane para tumhAre yahA~ pratyakSa pramANa anumAna ho jAtA hai arthAt anekAnta ke pratyakSa svarUpa upalambha se ekAntoM kA abhAva anumita ho jAtA hai| aisI dazA meM pratyakSa aura anumAna donoM pratiSThita bane rahate haiM, anyathA nahIM // 245-246-247 // arthAt pratyakSa jJAna ke dvArA sAdhana ko dekhakara sAdhya kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha anumAna jJAna hai| ___usI prakAra anupalambha ke dvArA kahIM virodha siddha karane para svabhAva viruddha kI upalabdhi kI pravRtti hotI hai jaise ki viziSTa uSNatA ke anupalambha se agni kA abhAva siddha kiyA jAtA hai athavA, usI prakAra kisI sAdhyarUpa dharmI meM pratyakSa pramANa dvArA hetu ke prasiddha ho jAne para kahIM liGgI kA jJAna pravata hotA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 229 liMge pratyakSataH siddhe sAdhyadharmiNi vA kvacit / liMgijJAnaM pravarteta nAnyathAtiprasaMgata // 249 // gauNazcedvyapadezo'yaM kAraNasya phalestu nH| pradhAnabhAvatastasya tatrAbhiprAyavartanAt // 250 // svabhAvaviruddhopalabdhiM nizcityAnupalabdherAMtarabhUtAM vyApyaviruddhopalabdhimudAharati;vyApakArthaviruddhopalabdhiratra niveditaa| yathA na sannikarSAdiH pramANaM parasaMmatam // 251 // ajJAnatvAdativyAprjJAnatvena miterih| vyApakavyApakadviSTopalabdhiyamiSyate // 252 // syAtsAdhakatamatvena svArthajJaptau pramANatA / vyAptA yA ca tayA vyAptaM jJAnAtmatvena sAdhyate // 253 // yadA pramANatvaM jJAnatvena vyAptaM sAdhyate'jJAnasya pramANatvetiprasaMgAt tadA tadviruddhasyAjJAnatvasyopalabdhippakaviruddhopalabdhirbodhyA na sannikarSAdiracetanaH prmaannmjnyaantvaaditi| yadA tu pramANatvaM sAdhakatamatvena vyAptaM tadapi jJAnAtmakatvena vyAptaM sAdhyate sAdhakatamasya pramANatAnupapatterajJAnAtmakasya ca svArthapramitau hai| anyathA liMgI ke jJAnoM kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| arthAt dRSTAnta meM vyApti kA grahaNa kie binA hI cAhe jisa atIndriya hetu se cAhe jisa sAdhya kA anumAna hone kA prasaMga aaegaa| yadi bauddha isa prakAra kahe ki kAraNatva kA vyavahAra karanA gauNa hai, taba to hama jaina bhI kaha sakate haiM ki hamAre yahA~ phalarUpa kArya meM svabhAvatva kA vyapadeza gauNarUpa se hotA hai| usa svabhAvavAna ke sAdhane meM athavA svabhAvaviruddha hetu ke virodhI bhAva ke sAdhane meM pradhAnarUpa se abhiprAya varta rahA hai||248-249-250|| ..isa prakAra svabhAva viruddha upalabdhi kA nizcaya kara anupalabdhi se arthAntarabhUta (bhinna svarUpa) ho rahI vyApyaviruddha upalabdhi kA udAharaNa dete haiN| - yahA~ vyApaka artha se viruddha upalabdhi kA nivedana kara diyA gayA hai| vaizeSika, sAMkhya Adi .paravAdiyoM ke dvArA mAne gaye sannikarSa, indriyavRtti, kArakasAkalya Adi pramANa nahIM haiM-ajJAnarUpa hone se| yahA~ jJAnatva ke dvArA pramANatA kI vyApti hai, ata: ajJAna ko pramANa mAnane para ativyApti doSa AtA hai arthAt ghaTa Adi bhI pramANa bana jAte haiM, jo iSTa nahIM hai| ata: isa hetu meM pramANarUpa sAdhya ke sAtha vyApaka jJAnatva se viruddha ajJAnapana kI upalabdhi vyApaka viruddha upalabdhi hai| athavA yaha ajJAnatva hetu vyApakaviruddha upalabdhi iSTa kI gaI hai| usa jJAnapane ke viruddha ajJAnatva kI upalabdhi ho rahI hai| sva aura artha kI jJapti karane meM prakRSTa upakArakatva ke dvArA jo pramANatA vyApta hai, vahI pramANatA jJAnarUpapane se vyApta hai aura vyApakajJAnapane ke niSedhasvarUpa kA ajJAnapana karake pramANatva kA abhAva siddha kiyA jAtA hai||251252-253|| jisa samaya pramANapanA jJAnapane se vyApta siddha kiyA jAtA hai taba ajJAna ko pramANapanA mAnane se pradIpa, ghaTa Adi meM atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai ataH sAdhya meM vyApaka jJAnapana se viruddha ajJAnapana kI upalabdhi rUpa hetu vyApakaviruddha upalabdhi hai aisA samajhanA caahie| acetana sannikarSa Adika pramANa nahIM haiM-ajJAnapanA hone se / isa anumAna meM vyApaka viruddha-upalabdhi hetu hai kintu pramANa pramiti ke sAdhakatama
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 230 sAdhakatamatvAyogAt / chidikriyAdAvevAjJAnAtmanaH parazvAdeH saadhktmopptteH| tadA vyApakavyApakaviruddhopalabdhiH saivodaahrtvyaa|| vyApakadviSThakAryopalabdhiH kaaryoplbdhigaa| zrutiprAdhAnyataH siddhA pAraMparyAviruddhavat // 254 // yathA nAtmA vibhuH kAye ttsukhaadyuplbdhitH| vibhutvaM sarvabhUtArthasaMbaMdhitvena vastutaH // 255 // vyAptaM tena virodhIdaM kAyasaMbaMdhamAtrakaM / kAya eva sukhAdInAM tatkAryANAM vibodhanam // 256 // nanu pradezavRttInAM teSAM saMvAdanaM kathaM / zarIramAtrasaMbaMdhamAtmano bhAvayetsadA // 257 // yato niHshessmuurtaarthsmbndhvinivrtnaat| vibhutvAbhAvasiddhiH syAditi kecitpracakSate // 258 // tadayuktaM manISAyAH sAkalyenAtmanaH sthiteH| tacchUnyasyAtmatAhAnestAdAtmyasya prasAdhanAt // 259 // se vyApta hai aura jJAnasvarUpa se pramiti kA sAdhakatamapanA vyApta siddha kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki pramiti ke asAdhakatama pramANatva nahIM ho sakatA hai tathA ajJAnasvarUpa padArthoMko kI pramiti meM sAdhakatamapanA ayukta bhI hai| chedana, takSaNa, prakAza Adi kriyAoM meM ajJAnasvarUpa pharsA, vasUlA, pradIpa Adi kA sAdhakatamapanA yukta hai, taba to vahI anumAna vyApaka-vyApaka-viruddha-upalabdhi kA udAharaNa samajhanA caahie| paramparA viruddha hetu ke samAna kAryopalabdhi ko prApta ho rahI vyApaka viruddha kArya upalabdhi hetu bhI Agama pramANa kI pradhAnatA se siddha hai-jaise AtmA vyApaka nahIM hai, kyoMki zarIra meM hI usake sukha, duHkha Adi guNoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai| vaizeSikoM ne AtmA, kAla, AkAza, dikvastuoM kA vibhupanA sampUrNa pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu aura mana-ina pA~ca mUrta arthoM ke sambandha se vyApta honA mAnA hai| usa vyApakapana se yaha kevala kArya se hI sambandhI honApana viruddha hai| usa AtmA ke kArya sukha Adi kA zarIra hI meM vizada bodha hotA hai ataH 'sarvamUrtadravyasaMyogitvaM vibhutvam' aise niSedha karane yogya vibhupana kA vyApaka sampUrNa mUrta dravyoM se sambandhIpanA hai aura sarvamUrta sambandhIpana se viruddha kevala zarIra meM hI sambandhIpanA hai| usa kArya sambandhIpana kA kArya zarIra meM hI sukha, duHkha, prayatna Adi kA upalambha honA hai, ata: yaha vyApakaviruddhakArya upalabdhi hetu hai||254-255-256|| zaMkA : eka pradeza meM sthita sukhAdi kA kathana kaise hotA hai ? zarIra parimANa AtmA meM bhI sampUrNa aMzoM meM pIr3A, sukha Adi kA sadA anubhava hotA hai tathA eka-eka pradeza meM pIr3A kA anubhava aneka bAra hotA rahatA hai| ___ sabhI aMzoM meM sarvagata kAryoM kA upalambha honA to kaThina hai| vyApakadravya ke pradezoM meM una sukha Adi kA samvAdIjJAna hotA hai| vaha sadA AtmA ke kevala zarIra meM hI sambandhIpana ko kaise samajhA sakatA hai? jisase ki sampUrNa pA~coM mUrta arthoM ka sAtha sambandha honA rUpa sarvagatapana kI vizeSatayA nivRtti ho jAne se AtmA meM vyApakapana kA abhAva siddha ho jaae| arthAt AtmA ke katipaya choTe-choTe aMzoM meM anubhava meM Ane vAle duHkha, sukha Adi AtmA ke vyApakapana kA bigAr3a nahIM kara sakate haiN| isa prakAra koI vaizeSika kahatA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 231 / / yadyapi zirasi sukhaM pAde me vedaneti vizeSataH pradezavRttitvaM sukhAdInAmanubhUyate tadanubhavavizeSANAM ca tathApi jJAnasAmAnyasya sarvAtmadravyavRttitvameva, jJAnamAtrazUnyasyAtmavirodhAdatiprasakteriti sAdhitaM upyogaatmsiddhau| tato yukteyaM vyaapkviruddhkaaryoplbdhiH|| viruddhkaarysNsiddhirnaastyekaaNtenpekssinny-| nekAMte'rthakriyAdRSTarityevamavagamyate // 260 // nirapekSaikAMtena hyanekAMto viruddhastatkAryamarthakriyopalabdhiniSedhyasyAbhAvaM saadhyti|| kAraNArthaviruddhA tUpalabdhirjJAyate ythaa| nAsti mithyAcaritraM me samyagvijJAnavedanAt // 261 // taddhi mithyAcaritrasya kAraNaM vinivrtyet| mithyAjJAnanivRttistu tasya tadvinivartikA // 262 // nanu ca samyagvijJAnAnmithyAjJAnanivRttirna mithyAcAritrasya nivRttikA prAdurbhUtasamyagjJAnasyApi samAdhAna : unakA yaha kathana ayukta hai kyoMki buddhi nAmakA guNa AtmA ke sakala aMzoM meM vyApta mAnA gayA hai| usa buddhi se zUnya padArthoM ko AtmApane kI hAni hai, kyoMki AtmA kA buddhi ke sAtha tadAtmaka honA siddha kiyA gayA hai| aura buddhi zarIra meM sthita AtmA kA jJAna karA rahI hai| arthAt AtmA ke sakala aMzoM meM vyApa rahI buddhi kI sthiti kevala zarIra meM hI ho rahI hai| ata: AtmA zarIra ke parimANa hI hai, vyApaka nahIM hai||257-258-259|| : mere sira meM sukha hai, pA~va meM vedanA hai ityAdi vizeSa rUpoM se AtmA ke sukha Adi kA yadyapi pradezoM meM rahanA anubhava meM A rahA hai aura una sukha Adi ke vizeSa samvedana hone kA bhI akhaNDa AtmA ke katipaya pradezoM meM hI anubhava hotA hai, to bhI jJAna sAmAnya kA sampUrNa AtmA-dravya ke pradezoM meM vartanA hI siddha hai| jo padArtha sAmAnya jJAna se bhI rahita hai, usake Atmapana kA virodha hai kyoMki jJAna rahita ko bhI yadi AtmA mAna liyA jAyegA to ghaTa, paTa Adi jar3a padArthoM meM bhI AtmA ke astitva kA prasaMga aaegaa| isa bAta ko hama upayogasvarUpa AtmA ko sAdhate samaya siddha kara cuke haiM ata: AtmA ko avyApaka sAdhane ke lie diye gae "kArya meM hI sukha Adi kI upalabdhi rUpa hetu vyApaka-viruddha kArya upalabdhi hai| yaha yukti siddha hai|" ___ viruddha kArya upalabdhi kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai ki anekAnta anapekSI ekAnta meM kisI bhI kArya kI siddhi nahIM hai| ataH apekSAoM se rahita sarvathA ekAnta nahIM hai, kyoMki aneka dharmoM se yukta padArtha meM . arthakriyA kA honA dekhA jAtA hai||260|| ___ nirapekSa ekAnta se anekAnta viruddha hai usa anekAnta artha kA kArya arthakriyA kI upalabdhi hai| vaha niSedha karane yogya ekAnta ke abhAva kI siddhi karatI hai yaha viruddha kArya-upalabdhirUpa hetu hai| kAraNArtha viruddha kI upalabdhi to aise jAna lI jAtI hai ki mere meM mithyAcAritra nahIM hai, kyoMki samyakjJAna kA vedana ho rahA hai, isa anumAna meM niSedha karane yogya mithyAcAritra kA kAraNa mithyAjJAna hai usa mithyAjJAna ke viruddha samyagjJAna kI upalabdhi hotI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 232 puMso'cAritraprasiddheH pUrvasya lAbhe bhajanIyamuttaramiti vacanAdanyathA tadvyAghAtAditi cenna, mithyAcAritrasya mithyAgamAdijJAnapUrvasya paMcAgnisAdhanAderniSedhatvAt / cAritramohodaye sati nivRttipariNAmAbhAvalakSaNasyAcAritrasya tu niSedhyatvAniSTermohodayamAtrApekSitvasya tu dvayorapyacAritramithyAcAritrayorabhedena vacanamAgame vyavasthitiviruddhameva mithyAdarzane mithyAcAritrasyAMtarbhAvAcca mithyaajnyaanvt|| kaarnndvisstthkaaryoplbdhiryaathaatmyvaakRtH| tasya tenAvinAbhAvAt pAraMparyeNa tattvataH // 263 // nAsti mithyAcAritramasya yAthAtmyavAkRditi kAraNaviruddhakAryopalabdhi: mithyAcAritrasya hi niSedhyasya kAraNaM mithyAjJAnaM tena viruddhaM samyagjJAnasya kArya yAthAtmyavacanaM tannirmAya suvivecitaM niSedhyAbhAvaM sAdhayatyeva ata: vaha samyagjJAna kA prakAza mithyAcAritra ke kAraNabhUta mithyAjJAna kI nivRtti ko karatA hai aura mithyAjJAna kI nivRtti usa mithyAcAritra kI vizeSa rUpa se nivRtta karAne vAlI ho jAtI hai||261-262|| zaMkA : samyagjJAna se mithyAjJAna kI nivRtti avazya ho jAtI hai kintu mithyAjJAna kI nivRtti to mithyAcAritra kI nivRtti karAne vAlI nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa AtmA ke samyagjJAna utpanna ho gayA hai, usake bhI acAritra kI prasiddhi hai| 'evaM pUrvasya lAbhe bhajanIyamuttaram' pUrva ke samyagjJAna ke lAbha hone para bhI uttaravartI cAritra bhajanIya hai| arthAt samyagjJAna ho jAne para bhI cAritra ho bhI athavA nahIM bhI ho, aisA mUlasUtra anusAra vArtika zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai| yadi samyagjJAna ke hone para samyakcAritra kI bhI siddhi . mAnI jAtI hai taba to usa akalaGkavacana kA vyAghAta hotA hai| samAdhAna : isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki samyagjJAna hetu se mithyAAgama, mithyAupadeza, hiMsApoSakaveda Adi ke jJAnoM ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hone vAle paMca agnisAdhana Adi mithyAcAritroM kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai parantu cAritramohanIya karma ke udaya se hone vAle nivRttipariNAmoM ke abhAvasvarUpa acAritra kA niSedha nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki usakA niSedha karanA ati sAmAnyarUpa se mohanIyakarma ke udaya kI apekSA rakhane vAlA acAritra aura mithyAcAritra donoM meM bhI abheda karake Agama meM nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| athavA mithyAcAritra aura acAritra kA abheda karake kathana karanA to Agama vyavasthA ke viruddha hI hai| athavA mithyAdarzana meM mithyAjJAna ke samAna mithyAcAritra kA antarbhAva kiyA gayA hai ata: mithyAjJAna kI nivRtti mithyAcAritra ko nivRtta karAne vAlA uttaravartI guNa bhajanIya hai| yaha vizeSacAritra kI apekSA se kathana hai sAmAnya kI apekSA nahIM hai| kAraNa viruddha kArya upalabdhi kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai ki isake mithyAcAritra nahIM hai kyoMki satyArthavacana bola rahA hai| vastutaH vicArA jAe to usa yathArtha vacana kA usa mithyAcAritra ke abhAva ke sAtha paramparA se avinAbhAva hai ata: yaha hetu sAdhya kA jJApaka hai||263|| ___isa jIva ke mithyAcAritra nahIM hai, yathArtha svarUpa vacana prayoga hone se; isa anumAna meM diyA gayA hetu kAraNaviruddha kAryaupalabdhirUpa hai kyoMki niSedha karane yogya mithyAcAritra kA kAraNa mithyAjJAna hai usa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 233 vybhicaaraabhaavaat|| kAraNavyApakadviSThopalabdhirnAsti nirvRtiH| sAMkhyAderjJAnamAtropagamAditi yathekSyate // 264 // nirvRte: kAraNaM vyAptaM dRssttyaaditrityaatmnaa| tadviruddhaM tu vijJAnamAtraM sAMkhyAdisammatam // 265 / / na hIyaM kAraNavyApakaviruddhopalabdhirasiddhA niSedhyasya nirvANasya hetorvyApakasya samyagdarzanAditrayAtmakatvasya nizcayAt tadviruddhasya jJAnamAtrAtmakatvasya sAMkhyAdibhiH svayaM sNmttvaat|| kAraNavyApakadviSThakAryadRSTistu tdvcH| samyagvivecitaM sAdhyAvinAbhAvi pratIyate // 266 // __sAMkhyAdernAsti nirvANaM jJAnamAtravacanazravaNAditi kAraNavyApakaviruddhakAryopalabdhiH pratyeyA suvivecitasya kAryasya saadhyaavinaabhaavsiddheH|| dRSTA sahacaradviSThopalabdhistadyathA myi| nAsti matyAdyavijJAnaM tattvazraddhAnasiddhitaH // 267 // mithyAjJAna se viruddha samyagjJAna hai, usa samyagjJAna kA kArya yathArthavacana kahanA hai| ataH samyagjJAna dvArA nirmita yathArtha vacana hetu suvivecita niSedhya mithyAcAritra ke abhAva ko siddha karatA hI hai| isameM koI vyabhicAra, asiddha Adi doSa nahIM Ate haiM arthAt viruddhakAryopalabdhi, anaikAntika Adi hetvAbhAsa se rahita hai| . kAraNa vyApaka viruddhopalabdhi hetu kA udAharaNa isa prakAra hai ki sAMkhyAdi ke mata meM mokSa nahIM hai, kyoMki unhoMne akele tattvajJAna ko hI mukti kA kAraNa svIkAra kiyA hai parantu ratnatraya se prApta karane yogya mokSa akele jJAna se prApta nahIM hotaa| mukti kA kAraNa samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra isa tritayasvarUpa se vyApta hai aura usa ratnatraya se rahita sAMkhyAdi ke dvArA svIkRta akelA vijJAna viruddha par3atA hai| arthAt sAMkhyoM ne tattvajJAnAn mokSaH' prakRti aura puruSa kA bhedajJAnarUpa-tattvajJAna se mokSa honA abhISTa kiyA hai| naiyAyikoM ne duHkha-janma-pravRtti Adi sUtra dvArA tattvajJAna ko hI mokSa kA kAraNa mAnA hai| vaizeSika, yoga Adi vAdiyoM ne bhI isI prakAra mAnA hai parantu yaha viruddha hai||264-265|| yaha kAraNa vyApaka viruddha upalabdhi hetu asiddha bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki niSedha karane yogya, nirvANa kA kAraNa mokSamArga hai| usa mokSamArga kA vyApaka samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra ina tInoM kI ekatA rUpa kA nizcaya hai| usa ratnatraya se viruddha akele jJAnasvarUpa ko hI sAMkhya Adi ne svayaM mokSa kA kAraNa svIkAra kiyA hai ataH kAraNa viruddha vyApakopalabdhi hai| __sAMkhya Adi ke yahA~ mokSa siddha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki unake yahA~ mokSa kA kAraNa akele jJAna kA hI vacana sunA jAtA hai, yaha kAraNa vyApaka viruddha kAryopalabdhi hetu hai, kyoMki pUrva meM bhalI prakAra vivecana kiye gaye isa hetu meM sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva pratIta ho rahA hai||266|| ___sAMkhya Adi prativAdiyoM ke yahA~ mokSa nahIM hai, kyoMki unake darzana meM mokSa ke kAraNoM meM akele jJAna kA hI vacana sunA jAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha kAraNa vyApaka viruddha kAryaupalabdhi hetu samajha lenA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 234 sahacAriniSedhena mithyAzraddhAnamIkSitam / tannihatyeva tadghAtitattvazraddhAnamaMjasA // 268 tadabhAve ca matyAdyavijJAnaM vinivrtte| matijJAnAdibhAvena tadAsya pariNAmataH // 269 // ___ sahacaraviruddhopalabdhirapi hi gamikA pratIyate iti prsiddhaasau| .. tathA shcrdvisstthkaarysiddhirniveditaa| prazamAdivinirNItestannAsmAsviti sAdhane // 270 // tasmin sahacaravyApi viruddhasyopalaMbhanam / saddarzanatvanirNIteriti tajjairudAhRtam // 271 // tadetatsahacaravyApi dvisstthkaaryoplNbhnm| pramANAdipratiSThAnasiddheriti nibudhyatAm // 272 // sahacArinimittena viruddhsyoplNbhnN| tannAstyasmAsu dRgmohaH pratipakSopalaMbhataH // 273 // yatheyaM sahacaraviruddhopalabdhirnAsti mayi matyAdyajJAnaM tattvazraddhAnopalabdheriti tathA isa prakAra samyakpa se vivecana kara diye gaye, kArya kA sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva siddha hai| pratiSedha karane yogya sAdhya meM sahacArI ke viruddha kI upalabdhirUpa (sahacara viruddhopalabdhi) hetu dekhA gayA hai jaise mujha meM mati Adi ajJAna (kumati, kuzruta, vibhaMga ajJAna) nahIM haiM, kyoMki jIva Adi tattvArthoM meM zraddhA kI siddhi hai| yahA~ sahacArI ke niSedha meM mithyAzraddhAna dRSTigocara ho rahA hai ataH niSedhya kujJAnoM ke sAtha rahane vAle mithyAzraddhAna se viruddha tattvazraddhAna kI siddhi dekhI jAtI hai ata: usa mithyAzraddhAna ko ghAtane vAlA tattvazraddhAna usa mithyAzraddhAna ko zIghra naSTa kara hI detA hai aura mithyAzraddhAna kA abhAva hone para kumati, kuzruta, vibhaMga ajJAnoM kI vizeSatayA nivRtti ho jAtI hai, kyoMki usa samaya tattvazraddhAna ke hone para isa kujJAna kA hI uttarakAla meM sumati, suzruta aura avadhijJAna paryAya rUpa meM pariNamana ho jAtA hai||267-268-269|| ___ sahacaraviruddha upalabdhi bhI apane sAdhya kI jJApikA pratIta hotI hai ata: vaha bhI hetu ke bhedoM meM prasiddha hai arthAt sahacaropalabdhi hetu bhI prasiddha hai| isI anumAna meM sahacara viruddha kArya upalabdhi kA nivedana kara diyA gayA samajha lenA caahie| jaise hama logoM meM kujJAna nahIM hai, kyoMki prazama, saMvega, anukampA Adi guNoM kA vizeSarUpa se nirNaya ho rahA hai| isa prakAra sAdhana (hetu) ghaTita ho jAtA hai| __ arthAt niSedha karane yogya matyajJAna Adi kA sahacArI mithyAzraddhAna hai| usase viruddha tattvazraddhAna hai usakA kArya prazama Adi guNoM kI siddhi hai||270|| __ usa pUrvokta sAdhya ko sAdhane meM hI samyagdarzanapane kA nirNaya karanA rUpa hetu lagA dene se sahacara vyApaka viruddha kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai isa prakAra anumAnavettA vidvAnoM ne udAharaNa diyA hai||271|| isI anumAna meM pramANa, prameya, vastutva, AtmA Adi tattvoM kI pratiSThApUrvaka siddhi hone se isa prakAra hetu lagA dene se yaha sahacaravyApakaviruddha-kArya upalabdhi samajha lenI cAhie / arthAt mithyAjJAna kA sahabhAvI mithyA zraddhAna hai; usakA vyApaka mithyAdarzana hai; usase viruddha samyagdarzana hai aura samyagdarzana kA kArya hai-pramANa, pramAtA, saMvara, nirjarA Adi tattvoM kI pratiSThA karAnA // 272 // niSedhya sAdhya ke sahacArI ke nimitta kAraNa se viruddha upalabdhirUpa pRthak hetu hai| usakA udAharaNa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 235 sahacaraviruddhakAryopalabdhiH prazamAdinizciteriti sahacaravyApakaviruddhopalabdhiH saddarzanatvanizciteriti sahacaravyApakaviruddhakAryopalabdhiH pramANAdivyavasthopalabdheriti sahacarakAraNaviruddhopalabdhirdarzanamohapratipakSapariNAmopalabdheriti nibudhyatAM mtyaadyjnyaanlkssnnnissedhyaabhaavaavinaabhaavprtiitervishessaat|| ityevaM tadviruddhopalabdhibhedAH prtiitigaaH| yathAyogamudAhAryAH svayaM tttvpriiksskaiH||274|| ityevaM niSiddhe viruddhopalabdhibhedAzcaturdazodAhRtA: pratItimanusaraMti kAryakAraNasvabhAvopalabdhirbhedatrayavattato yathAyogamanyAnyudAharaNAni lokasamayaprasiddhAni parIkSakairupadarzanIyAni prtiitidaaddhyopptteH|| saMprati sAdhyenAviruddhasyAkAryakAraNenArthasyopalabdhibhedAn vibhajya pradarzayannAha;sAdhyArthenAviruddhasya kaarykaarnnbhedinH| upalabdhistridhAmnAtA praakshottrcaarinnH||275|| yaha hai ki hama logoM meM darzana mohanIya karma kA udaya nahIM hai kyoMki usake pratipakSI samyagdarzanarUpa pariNAmoM kI upalabdhi hai| yahA~ niSedhayogya darzanamohanIya udaya kA sahacArI kumatijJAna hai usakA nimittakAraNa mithyAzraddhAna hai usake viruddha samyagdarzana pariNAmoM kI upalabdhi hai|||273|| jisa prakAra yaha sahacara viruddha upalabdhi hai, usakA udAharaNa hai-mujha meM mati, zruta, avadhi ke pratikUla ajJAna nahIM hai kyoMki tattvoM ke zraddhAna kI upalabdhi ho rahI hai, yaha hetu hai| usI prakAra sahacara viruddha kArya upalabdhi hetu prazama Adi kA nizcaya honA hai| tathA saddarzanatva kA nizcaya yaha hetu sahacaravyApakaviruddha upalabdhi hai aura pramANa Adi kI vyavasthA kA upalambha honA-yaha sahacaravyApaka-viruddha kAryaupalabdhi hetu hai| isI prakAra darzanamohanIya ke pratipakSI pariNAmoM kI upalabdhi, yaha hetu sahacarakAraNaviruddha upalabdhi hai, aisA samajha lenA cAhie kyoMki mati Adi kA ajJAnasvarUpa niSedhya ke abhAvarUpa sAdhya ke sAtha ina hetuoM ke avinAbhAva pratIta hone se koI antara nahIM hai| arthAt ukta hetuoM kA svakIya sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva vizeSatA rahita hokara pratIta ho rahA hai sAmAnya rUpa se donoM meM koI antara pratIta nahIM 'hotA hai| .. isa prakAra usa viruddha upalabdhi kI pratIti meM ArUr3ha bhedoM ke yathAyogya udAharaNa tattvoM kI parIkSA karane vAle vidvAnoM se svayaM samajha lene cAhie // 274 / / isa pUrvokta prakAra niSedhayukta sAdhya karane para viruddha-upalabdhi ke caudaha udAharaNa kahe gaye haiN| ve sabhI bheda kAryopalabdhi, kAraNa upalabdhi, svabhAva upalabdhi ina tIna bhedoM ke samAna pratIti kA anusaraNa kara rahe haiN| arthAt kAraNa, bhAva Adi ko sAdhane meM kArya, svabhAva Adi hetu jaise pratIta haiM, usI prakAra niSedha ko sAdhane meM viruddha upalabdhi ke bheda bhI pratIti meM Ate haiN| ataH parIkSaka vidvAnoM ke dvArA yogyatAnusAra anya bhI loka aura zAstra meM prasiddha udAharaNa dikhalA dene cAhie kyoMki udAharaNoM se pratIti dRr3ha hotI hai| yahA~ taka viruddhopalabdhi kA kathana kiyA hai| isa samaya sAdhya artha se aviruddha, kArya kAraNapane se rahita artha kI upalabdhi ke bhedoM ke vibhAgoM kA pradarzana karAte hue AcArya kahate haiN| aba 'tIsare akAryakAraNa hetu kA vistAra kahA jAtA hai -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 236 tatra pUrvacarasyopalabdhiH siddhAMtavedinAm / yathodeSyati nakSatraM zakaTaM kRttikodayAt // 276 // pUrvacAri na niHzeSa kAraNaM niymaadpi| kAryAtmalAbhahetUnAM kaarnntvprsiddhitH||277|| na rohiNyudayastu syAdamuSmin kRttikodayAt / tadanaMtarasaMdhitvAbhAvAtkAlAMtarekSaNAt // 278 // viziSTakAlamAsAdya kRttikAH kurvate ydi| zakaTaM bharaNiH kiM na tatkaroti tathaiva ca // 279 // vyavadhAnAdahetutve tasyAstatra va vaasnaa| smRtiheturvibhAvyeta tatta evetyavartinam / / 280 // kAraNaM bharaNistatra kRttikA shkaarinnii| yadi kAlAMtarApekSA tathA syAdazvinI na kim // 281 // sAdhyarUpa artha ke sAtha aviruddha-kArya-kAraNa bhedayukta hetu kI upalabdhi pUrvAcAryoM ke anusAra pUrvacara, sahacara aura uttaracarabhedoM se tIna prakAra kI mAnI gaI hai||275|| siddhAnta jAnane vAloM ne una tIna bhedoM meM pUrvacarahetu kI upalabdhi kA udAharaNa isa prakAra pradarzita kiyA hai ki eka muhUrta ke pIche rohiNI nakSatra kA udaya hogA kyoMki abhI kRttikA nakSatra kA udaya hai| yahA~ azvinI, bharaNI, kRttikA, rohiNI isa krama ke anusAra zakaTa (rohiNI) udaya kA pUrvacara kRttikA kA udaya hai||276|| pUrva meM rahane vAle sampUrNa padArtha hI niyama se kAraNa nahIM huA karate haiN| kyoMki jo pUrvavartI hai, vaha kArya ke AtmalAbha karane meM kAraNa hai, unheM kAraNapane kI prasiddhi hai| kRttikA udaya ke samaya meM rohiNI kA udaya to nahIM hai kyoMki usa kRttikA udaya ke avyavahita uttarakAla meM zakaTa udaya kA sammelana nahIM dekhA jAtA hai, kintu muhUrta pIche anyakAla meM zakaTa kA udaya honA dekhA jAtA hai ataH zakaTa udaya aura kRttikA udaya kAryakAraNa bhAva nahIM hone se kRttikA udaya kA kAraNa hetuoM meM aMtarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai||277-278|| yadi kaho ki kRttikA ke nakSatra kA udaya viziSTakAla ko prApta kara zakaTa ke udaya ko kara detA hai ata: kAraNa hetu hai taba to eka muhUrta kA vyavadhAna dekara jaise kRttikA rohiNI ko kara detI hai, vaise hI do muhUrta kA vyavadhAna dekara bharaNI aura tIna muhUrta kA vyavadhAna dekara azvinInakSatra hI zakaTa ko kyoM nahIM udayarUpa banA dete haiN||279|| adhika vyavadhAna ho jAne se azvinI, bharaNI ko yadi usa rohiNI ke udaya kA hetupanA na mAnoge taba to hama kaheMge ki dhAraNA nAmaka anubhava karate samaya bahuta kAla pahale ho cukI vAsanAe~ adhika kAla pIche hone vAlI smRti kA kAraNa kaise samajhI jAeMgI? azvinI Adi meM kAla kA vyavadhAna hone se ve rohiNI ke udaya meM kAraNa nahIM banatI haiM, aisA kahate ho to kAla vyavadhAna hone se dhAraNA jJAna smRti kA kAraNa kaise bana sakatA hai, nahIM bana sakatA, parantu bauddhoM ne dhAraNA ko smRti meM kAraNa mAnA hai| isa prakAra kArya meM vyApAra nahIM karane vAle padArtha ko kAraNa nahIM mAnanA caahie||280||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 237 pitAmahaH pitA kiM na tathaiva prpitaamhH| sarvo vAnAdisaMtAna: sUnoH pUrvatvayogataH // 282 // svarUpalAbhahetozcet pitRtvaM netarasya tu| prAk zakaTasya mA bhUvan kRttikaahetvstthaa||283|| pUrvapUrvacarAdInAmupalabdhiH pradarzitA / pUrvAcAryopalaMbhena tato nArthAMtaraM matam // 284 // sahacAryupalabdhiH syAtkAyazcaitanyavAnayam / viziSTasparzasaMsiddheriti kaizcidudAhRtam // 285 / / kArye heturayaM neSTaH smaansmytvtH| svAtaMtryeNa vyavasthAnAdvAmadakSiNazRMgavat // 286 // ekasAmagyadhInatvAttayoH syAtsahabhAvitA / kvAnyathA niyamastasyAstatonyeSAmitIti cet // 287 // naikadravyAtmatattvena vinA tasyA virodhtH| sAmagyekA hi tadravyaM rasarUpAdiSu sphuTam // 288 // kRttikA ko sahakArI kAraNa banAtI huI bharaNI bhI usa zakaTa ke udaya meM yadi kAraNa mAnI jAegI taba to kucha aura bhI anyakAla kI apekSA rakhatI huI bharaNI aura kRttikA ko sahakArIkAraNa mAnatI huI azvinI ko bhI zakaTa kA kAraNa kyoM nahIM mAnanA cAhie // 281 // jisa prakAra putra kA kAraNa pitA hai, usI prakAra pitAmaha athavA prapitAmaha bhI putrotpatti kA kAraNa kyoM nahIM kahA jAtA? evaM putra ke pUrva meM rahane kA sambandha hone se sabhI pahale kI anAdi saMtAna bhI putra kA bApa bana jaaveNgii| (parantu unako kAraNa mAnanA iSTa nahIM hai)||282|| . yadi putra ke svarUpa ko lAbha karAne meM kAraNa pahalI pIr3hI meM hone vAle janaka kA hI pitApana hai, anya bAbA Adi ko pitApanA nahIM hai, taba to pUrvakAla meM sthita kRttikA kA udaya bhI zakaTa ke udaya kA kAraNa nahIM hai||283|| pUrva pUrvavartI nakSatra Adi kI upalabdhi bhI isa pUrvacara nAma ke bheda se hI dikhalA dI gaI hai| pUrva AcAryoM ne bhI pUrvacara hetu se bhinna hetu nahIM mAnA hai| jaise ki do muhUrta pIche rohiNI kA udaya hogA kyoMki 'bharaNI kA udaya ho rahA hai| pUrvapUrvacara hetu bhI pUrvacara hetu meM garbhita ho jAtA hai|||284|| . sahacara upalabdhi kA udAharaNa - yaha zarIra caitanyayukta hai, mRta nahIM hai kyoMki jIvita puruSoM meM pAye jAne vAle viziSTa prakAra ke sparza kI siddhi ho rahI hai| aisA kinhIM vidvAnoM ne sahacara upalabdhi kA udAharaNa diyA hai||285|| isa sahacara hetu kA kAryahetu meM garbhita ho jAnA iSTa nahIM hai, kyoMki ina donoM kA samaya samAna hai| sAtha-sAtha rahane vAle sAdhya aura hetu svataMtratA se vyavasthita ho rahe haiM jaise ki gau ke mastaka para bAMye ora kA aura dAhine ora kA sIMga sAtha rahakara bhI svataMtra vyavasthita haiN| (pahale aura pIche samayoM meM hone vAloM meM kAryakAraNabhAva sambhava hai, sAtha rahane vAloM meM nahIM ata: yaha sahacara hetu kArya hetu se pRthak hai)||286|| eka sAmagrI ke adhIna hone se una dAyeM aura bAyeM sIMgo meM sahacarapanA hai anyathA unase bhinna padArthoM meM usa sAmagrI kA niyama kaise ho sakatA hai? arthAt sahacara hetuoM meM bhI kAryakAraNa bhAva mAna lenA cAhie tabhI to eka sAmagrI ke anusAra unameM sahacarapanA bana sakatA hai| bauddhoM kA aisA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki tattva ke binA eka dravya svarUpa ho jAnA eka sAmagrI kA virodha hai kyoMki vaha dravya hI to eka sAmagrI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 238 na ca tasyAnumA svaadymaanaadrsvishesstH| samAnasamayasyaiva rUpAderanumAnataH // 289 // kAryeNa kAraNasyAnumAnaM yenedmucyte| kAraNenApi rUpAdestato dravyeNa nAnumA // 290 // samAnakAraNatvaM tu sAmagyekA ydiissyte| payorasAtsarojanmarUpasyAnumitirna kim // 291 // yathaiva hi payorUpaM(?) ruupaadrsshaaykaat| tathA sarodbhavepIti syAtsamAnanimittatA // 292 // prtyaastterbhaavaaccetsaadhysaadhntaanyoH| naSTaikadravyatAdAtmyAt pratyAsattiH parA ca sA // 293 // . nnvrthaaNtrbhuutaanaamhetuphltaashritaam| sahacAritvamarthAnAM kuto niyatamIkSyate // 294 // kAryakAraNabhAvAste kasmAditi samaM na kim| tathA saMpratyayAttulyaM samAdhAnamapIdRzaM // 295 // hai| yaha rUpa rasa Adi meM spaSTa dekhA jAtA hai| aisI dazA meM rasa, rUpa Adi kA kAryakAraNabhAva kaise ho sakatA hai? unameM sahacara bhAva hI hai||287-288|| . rasa se rUpa kA anumAna karate samaya vaha kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna nahIM hotA, apitu sahacara hetu hai| svAdAtmaka rasa vizeSa se samAna samaya vAle hI rUpa Adi kA anumAna honA dekhA jAtA hai| jo kArya dvArA kAraNa kA jJAna honA rUpa anumAna kahA jAtA hai usa kAraNa dvArA rUpa Adi kA athavA usI kAraNa dravya ke dvArA rUpa Adi kA anumAna honA nahIM bana sakatA // 289-290 // arthAt rasa rUpa kA kAraNa nahIM hai kyoMki rasa se rUpa utpanna nahIM hotA apitu ve eka sAtha rahate haiM unakA dravya kSetra kAla eka hai jaise jJAna darzana sahacara hai kAraNa-kArya meM eka kSetra dravya nahIM hotA, ata: yaha sahacara hetu kArya-kAraNa se bhinna hai| yadi rUpa aura rasa kA kAraNa samAna hai, ata: rUpa aura rasa kI eka sAmagrI iSTa kI jAyegI taba to jala ke rasa se kamala ke rUpa kA anumAna kyoM nahIM hotA? kyoMki jala ke rasa kA kAraNa jala hai aura kamala ke rUpa kA kAraNa bhI vahI jala hai| jisa prakAra rasa hai sahAyaka jisakA, aise rUpa skaMdha se jala kA rUpa banatA hai, usI prakAra kamala meM bhI rUpa bana jAtA hai tathA, jaise pAnI bhI sarovara se utpanna hotA hai aura kamala bhI, donoM eka sAmagrI ke adhIna haiN| aisI dazA meM samAnanimittapanA ho jAegA // 291-292 // kArya aura kAraNoM kI pratyAsatti na hone se ina kAryakAraNa bhinnoM kA sAdhyasAdhanapanA yadi mAnoge taba to eka dravya ke sAtha tadAtmaka ho rahe rUpa sambandha ke atirikta aura koI vaha pratyAsatti nahIM hai| (arthAt kAryakAraNabhAva ko prApta padArthoM meM anya kSetrapratyAsatti, kAlapratyAsatti Adi kA pUrva meM khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai)||293|| zaMkA : sarvathA eka dUsare se bhinna aura kAryakAraNa bhAva ke Azraya se rahita padArthoM kA sahacAripanA kisa hetu se niyata kiyA jA sakatA hai? samAdhAna : bauddhoM ke yahA~ pUrva, uttaravartI niranvayakSaNika padArthoM kA kAryakAraNabhAva bhalA kisase nirNIta kiyA jAtA hai? arthAt pUrva samayavartI kSaNa kA uttara samayavartI kSaNikapariNAma ke sAtha bauddhoM ne
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 239 svakAraNAttathAgnizzejAto dhUmasya kaarkH| caitanyasahakAryastu sparzoMge tadadRSTataH // 29 // dRSTAddhetorvinA ye niymaatshcaarinnaaH| adRSTakaraNaM teSAM kiMcidityanumIyate // 297 // dravyato'nAdirUpANAM svabhAvostu na taadRshH| sAdhyasAdhanataivaiSAM tatkRtAnyonyamityasat // 298 // ye cArvAkparabhAgAdyA niyamena prspraaH| sahabhAvamitAsteSAM heturatena vrnnitH||299|| tatotItaikakAlAnAM gati: kiM kaaryliNgjaa| niyamAdanyathA dRSTiH shcaaryaadsiddhitH||300|| tthottrcrsyoplbdhistjjairudaahRtaa| udagAdbharaNirAgneyadarzanAnnabhasIti sA // 301 // koI bhI sambandha nahIM mAnA hai ata: bauddhoM kA sarvathA bhinna padArthoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva mAnanA aura jaina siddhAnta kA avinAbhAva mAnanA samAna kyoM nahIM hogA? yadi sarvathA pUrva apara kSaNoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva jAnA jA rahA hai, taba to isa prakAra kA samAdhAna hama jainoM ke yahA~ bhI samAna hI hai||294-295|| jaise apane kAraNoM se utpanna agni dhuA~ kI kAraka (utpAdaka) dekhI jAtI hai, usI prakAra zarIra meM sthita sparza bhI puNya, pApa se sahakRta caitanyarUpa sahakAra kAraNa se utpanna hotA hai| pratyakSa dekhe gaye hetu ke binA bhI jo artha niyama se sahacArI haiM unakA bhI koI na koI adRSTa kAraNa anumAna dvArA jAna liyA jAtA hai| arthAt jaise-eka hI guru ke pAsa par3he hue vidyArthiyoM kI buddhi ko dekhakara unake jJAnAvaraNa ke tIvra, manda, mandatara, madhyama Adi vijAtIya kSayopazamoM kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai vaise hI sAtha rahane vAle hetu aura sAdhyoM ke sambandha kA avinAbhAva rUpa se kahIM-kahIM anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai||296.297|| anAdinidhana dravya kI apekSA se anAdi se cale Ae svarUpoM kA usa prakAra kA svabhAva to nahIM hai (bauddha kisI bhI dravya ko anAdinidhana nahIM mAnate haiM) jisase ki ina sahacAriyoM kA usa dravyasvarUpa se kiyA gayA paraspara meM sAdhya sAdhana bhAva ho sakatA ho| jaina kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai, kyoMki padArthoM kA kAlAntara taka sthAyIpanA aura sambandha pUrva prakaraNoM meM siddha kiyA gayA hai||298|| . kisI bhIMta Adi kA pUrva pazcima bhAga Adi niyama se paraspara hai, sahabhAvI hai, unake sAdhya sAdhana bhAva hai| isa kathana se unake sahacArIpana kA sAdhana bhI varNana kara diyA gayA hai| - bhAvArtha : isa bhIMta meM parabhAga avazya hai, kyoMki uralA bhAga dIkha rahA hai, isa prakAra isa hetu ke dvArA sAtha rahane vAle katipaya padArthoM ke avinAbhAva kA kathana kiyA gayA hai||299|| ___ ataH atItakAla aura eka hI kAla meM hone vAle padArthoM kA jJAna kyA kArya hetu se utpanna huA mAnA hai? - kyoMki avinAbhAva niyama ke binA sahacarapane se kevala dekha lenA kArya kA gamaka nahIM hai| kyoMki avinAbhAvarahita padArthoM ke hetuhetumadbhAva kI asiddhi hai||300||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 240 / sarvamuttaracArIha kaarymityaaniraakRteH| nAnAprANigaNAdRSTAtsAtetaraphalAdvinA // 30 // pUrvottaracarANi syu ni kramabhuvaH sdaa| nAnyonyaM hetutA teSAM kAryAbAdhA tato matA // 303 // sAdhyasAdhanatA ca syaadvinaabhaavyogtH| hetvAbhAsAstato'nye ye saugatairupadarzitaM // 304 // - tadevaM sahacaropalabdhyAdInAM kAryasvabhAvAnupalabdhibhyonyatvabhAjAM vyavasthApanAttatonye hetvAbhAsA eveti na vaktavyaM saugatairityupadarzayati;pakSadharmastadaMzena vyApto hetustridhaiva sH| avinAbhAvaniyamAditi vAcyaM na dhImatA // 305 // usI prakAra una hetubhedoM ko jAnane vAle vidvAnoM ke dvArA uttaracara kI upalabdhi kA udAharaNa diyA gayA hai ki AkAzamaMDala meM bharaNI nakSatra kA udaya ho cukA hai, kyoMki kRttikA kA udaya dekhA jA rahA hai| isa prakAra vaha bharaNI udaya ke muhUrta pIche udaya hone vAlI kRttikA kI upalabdhi hai||301|| jo kahate haiM ki sarva uttaracara hetu kAryahetu meM garbhita ho jAte haiM, isakA bhI yahA~ nirAkaraNa kara diyA gayA hai, kyoMki sAtasvarUpa sukha aura asAtarUpa duHkha haiM-phala jinake aise aneka prANI samudAya ke puNyapApoM ke binA koI kArya hotA nahIM hai| (ataH sukha duHkharUpa phala se jo puNyapApa kA anumAna hai, vaha kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna hai)||302|| ___ krama se udaya hone vAle pUrva uttaracara nakSatra haiM, unakA paraspara meM hetupanA nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki, laukika athavA zAstrIya vidvAnoM kA bAdhArahita vyavahAra hove, usa prakAra hetuhetumadbhAva mAna kara samIcIna hetu kI vyavasthA kara lenI cAhie // 303 / / . anyathAnupapattirUpa avinAbhAva ke yoga se sAdhyasAdhana bhAva mAnA gayA hai| avinAbhAva ko na mAnakara jo saugatoM ne una vyApya Adi se pRthak hetu mAne haiM, ve saba hetvAbhAsa haiN| isa bAta ko pUrva meM dikhalA cuke haiN| anyathAnupapatti rUpa ke binA kevala avinAbhAva ke sambandha se sAdhyasAdhana bhAva nahIM hotA hai| kArya, svabhAva, anupalabdhi ye tIna hI hetu haiN| unake pRthak pUrvacara Adi hetvAbhAsa hI haiM isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kathana ThIka nahIM hai||304|| isa prakAra sahacara upalabdhi, pUrvacara upalabdhi Adi jo bauddhoM ke dvArA mAne gaye kArya hetu, svabhAva hetu aura anupalabdhi hetuoM se pRthak hai| unakI vyavasthApanA vA siddha ho jAne para bhI bauddhoM ko una kArya Adi tIna hetuoM se bhinna sabhI hetu hetvAbhAsa haiM-aisA nahIM kahanA caahie| isa bAta ko granthakAra dikhalAte ____ bauddhoM dvArA mAne gaye tIna hI hetu nahIM haiM kintu anya sahacara Adi hetuoM kI bhI vyavasthA kI jA cukI hai| ___ usa sAdhyavAna pakSa ke aMzarUpa sAdhya ke dvArA vyApta ho rahA vaha hetu tIna prakAra kA hai (pakSadharmatva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti) ina hetu meM hI avinAbhAva niyama ghaTita ho sakatA hai| aisA nahIM kahanA caahie| kyoMki sahacArI, uttaracArI hetu bhI pakSa dharmatva na hone para bhI, satyArtharUpa se hetu mAne gaye haiM ataH
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 241 pakSadharmAtyaye yuktAH sahacAryAdayo ytH| satyaM ca hetavo nAto hetvAbhAsAstathApare // 306 // tridhaiva vaavinaabhaavaaniymaaddheturaasthitH| kAryAdirnAnya ityeSA vyAkhyaitena nirAkRtA // 307 // tadevaM kasyacidarthasya vidhau pratiSedhopalabdhibhedAnabhidhAya saMprati niSedhenupalabdhiprapaMcaM na nizcinvannAha;niSedhe'nupalabdhiH syaatphlhetudvyaatmnaa| hetusAdhyAvinAbhAvaniyamasya vinizcayAt // 308 // niSedhe'nupalabdhireveti nAvadhAraNIyaM viruddhopalabdhyAderapi tatra pravRttiH niSedha evAnupalabdhirityavadhAraNe tu na doSaH pradhAnena vidhau tdprvRtteH| sA ca kaarykaarnnaanubhyaatmnaamvboddhvyaa|| tatra kAryAprasiddhiH syAnnAsti cinmRtvigrhe| vAkriyAkArabhedAnAmasiddheriti nizcitA // 309 // nanu vAgAdiSvapratibaddhasAmarthyAyA eva cito nAstitvaM vacanAnupalabdheH siddhyenna tu pratibaddhasAmarthyAyA pakSasattva nAmaka guNa ke nahIM rahane se kArya svabhAva, anupalabdhi hetuoM se bhinna sabhI hetu hetvAbhAsa nahIM ho sakate haiN| bhAvArtha : pakSadharmatva ke na hote hue bhI pUrvacara Adi hetuoM ko saddhetupanA siddha hai||305-306|| pakSasattva, sapakSasattva aura vipakSa vyAvRtti ina tIna guNoM se yukta kArya, svabhAva, anupalabdhi ye tIna hI hetu haiN| athavA kArya, kAraNa, akArya kAraNa tathA vIta, avIta, vItAvIta evaM pUrvavat Adi tIna saMyogI tIna hI prakAra ke hetu saba ora vyavasthita haiN| anya hetuoM ke bheda nahIM haiN| avinAbhAva niyama kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isa prakAra kA vyAkhyAna bhI isa ukta kathana se nirAkRta kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt pUrvavat Adi, kArya Adi se pRthak sahacara Adi hetu bhI avinAbhAva kI sAmarthya se saddhetu prasiddha haiN||307|| avinAbhAva sambandha ke binA hetu nahIM ho sktaa| isa prakAra kisI bhI artha kI vidhi ko athavA pratiSedha ko siddha karane ke lie diye gae upalabdhi ke bhedoM kA kathana karake aba niSedha ko sAdhane meM anupalabdhi hetuoM ke vistAra kA nizcaya karAte hue AcArya kahate haiM niSedha ko sAdhane meM phala (kArya), kAraNa aura ina donoM se pRthak tIsare akArya kAraNa svarUpa tIna prakAra kI anupalabdhi hai, kyoMki hetu kA sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhanA rUpa niyama kA vizeSa rUpa se nizcaya ho rahA hai|308|| ___ niSedha ko sAdhane meM anupalabdhi hI hetu hai| isa prakAra kA avadhAraNa nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki usa niSedha ko sAdhane meM viruddha upalabdhi Adi kI bhI pravRtti hotI hai| niSedha ko sAdhane meM hI anupalabdhi hetu upayogI hai| aisA avadhAraNa karane meM to koI vizeSa doSa nahIM AtA hai kyoMki pradhAna rUpa se vidhi karane meM usa anupalabdhi kI pravRtti nahIM mAnI gaI hai tathA vaha anupalabdhi kArya kI, kAraNa kI aura ubhayabhinna akAryakAraNa kI siddhi hai, aisA jAna lenA caahie| . usa anupalabdhi ke tIna bhedoM meM kArya kI anupalabdhi kA udAharaNa isa prakAra nizcita kiyA gayA hai ki isa mRtaka zarIra meM caitanya nahIM hai, vacana vizeSa aura kriyA vizeSoM kI anupalabdhi hone se // 309 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 242 vidyamAnAyA api vAgAdikArye vyApArAsaMbhavAnnAvazyaM kAraNAni kAryaM citi bhavaMti pratibaMdhavaikalyasaMbhave kasyacitkAraNasya svakAryAkaraNadarzanAttato neyaM kAryAnupalabdhirgamikA cinmAtrAbhAvasiddhAviti kazcit / tathApi saMbaMdhakAryAbhAvAtkathaM nityAtmAdyabhAvasiddhiriti svamatavyAhatiruktA / tataH svasaMtAne saMtAnAMtaraM vartamAnakSaNe kSaNAMtaraM saMvidadvaye vedyAkArabhedaM vA tatkAryAnupalabdherasatvena sAdhayatkAryAnupalabdheranyathAnupapattisAmarthyAnizcayAdgamakatvamabhyupagaMtumarhatyeva / svabhAvAnupalabdhestu tAdRzeniSTeH prakRtakAryAnupalabdhau punaranyathAnupapannatvasAmarthyanizcayo lokasya svata evAtyaMtAbhyAsAttAdRzaM loko vivecayatIti prasiddhastataH sAdhIyasI kaaryaanuplbdhiH|| kAraNAnupalabdhistu nArthitAcaraNaM shubhm| samyagbodhopalaMbhasyAbhAvAditi vibhAvyate // 310 // ____ samyagbodho hi kAraNaM samyakcAritrasya tadanupalabdhitaH svasaMtAne tadabhAvaM sAdhayati kutazcidupajAtasya zaMkA : vacana bolanA, hAtha pA~va kI kriyA karanA Adi vyApAroM meM apratibaddha sAmarthya se yukta caitanya kA hI nAstipanA mRtazarIra meM vacana anupalabdhi hetu se siddha ho sakatA hai, kintu jisa chipe hue caitanya kA bolanA, nAr3I calanA, hRdaya kI dhar3akana Adi vyApAra karAne kI sAmarthya naSTa ho gaI hai, usa gupta caitanya kA niSedha to vacana Adi kI anupalabdhi se nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki vaha supta caitanya nAr3I calanA Adi kAryoM ko nahIM karatA hai| sabhI kAraNa Avazyaka rUpa se kAryoM ko karate hI haiM, aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| pratibandhakoM ke A jAne se athavA anya kAraNoM kI vikalatA sambhava hone para koI kAraNa apane kAryoM ko nahIM karate hue dekhe gaye haiM ata: yaha kArya anupalabdhi hetu apane sAdhya kA gamaka nahIM hai| ataH sthUla, sUkSma, gupta sabhI sAmAnyarUpa se, caitanyoM ke abhAva ko sAdhane meM diyAgayA vacana Adi kI anupalabdhi hetu apane sAdhya kA sAdhaka na ho sakA, isa prakAra koI kahatA hai| ___isakA samAdhAna karate hue AcArya kahate haiM ki usake bhI sambandharUpa kArya kA abhAva hone se nitya AtmA, AkAza Adi ke abhAva kI siddhi kaise ho sakegI? kyoMki usako apane mata kA vyAghAta doSa kahA hai ataH apanI santAna meM saMtAnAntara ko athavA vartamAna kSaNika paryAya ke avasara meM anya kAloM kI paryAya ko tathA zuddhasaMvedana advaita meM vedya, vedaka, saMvitti ina tIna ke bheda ko unake kArya kI anupalabdhi se vaibhASika bauddha anyathAnupapatti kI sAmarthya ke nizcaya se kAryAnupalabdhi hetu kA gamakapanA svIkAra karane ke lie samartha ho hI jAtA hai ataH kAryAnupalabdhi ko gamaka mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| dRzya kAryoM kI anupalabdhi se kAraNa kA niSedha jAna lenA yogya hI hai| svabhAva anupalabdhi usa prakAra ke abhAva ko sAdhane meM iSTa nahIM hai| kyoMki yogya kAraNa ke abhAva ko sAdhane meM dI gaI prakaraNaprApta kArya-anupalabdhi meM anyathAnupapatti kI sAmarthya kA nizcaya jana samudAya ko svataH hI ho jAtA hai| bauddhoM ke yahA~ bhI yaha prasiddha hai ki atyanta abhyAsa ho jAne se usa prakAra ke artha kA loka svayaM vicAra kara letA hai ata: kAraNa-kArya kI anupalabdhi siddha hai| mujha meM samIcIna cAritra nahIM hai kyoMki samyagjJAna ke upalambha kA abhAva hai| yahA~ niSedhya samyakcAritra ke kAraNa samyagjJAna kI anupalabdhi hone se yaha kAraNa-anupalabdhi hetu kahA jAtA hai||310||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 243 vibhramasyAnyathA vicchedaayogaat|| ahetuphalarUpasya vastunonupalaMbhanam / dvedhA niSedhya tAdAtmyetarasyAdRSTikalpanAt // 311 // tatrAbhinnAtmanoH siddhirdvividhA sNprtiiyte| svabhAvAnupalabdhizca vyApakAdRSTireva ca // 312 // AdyA yathA na me duHkhaM vissaadaanuplNbhtH| vyApakAnupalabdhistu vRkSAdRSTena ziMzapA // 313 // kAryakAraNabhinnasyAnupalabdhirna budhytaam| sahacAriNa evAtra pratiSedhena vastunA // 314 // mayi nAsti matijJAnaM sdRssttynuplbdhitH| rUpAdayo na jIvAdau sparzAsiddheritIyatAm // 315 // saivamanupalabdhi: paMcavidhoktA shrutipraadhaanyaat| nanu kAraNavyApakAnupalabdhayopi zrUyamANAH sNti| satyaM / tAstvatraivAMtarbhAvamupayAMtItyAha;kAraNavyApakAdRSTipramukhAzcAsya dRssttyH| tatrAMtarbhAvamAyAMti pAraMparyAdanekadhA // 316 // kyoMki samyagjJAna avazya hI samyakcAritra kA kAraNa hai| usa samyakjJAna kA anupalambha hone se vaha jJAnAbhAva apanI Atma saMtAna meM usa samyakcAritra ke abhAva ko siddha karatA hai| kisI bhI bhrama kA dUsare prakAroM se nirAkaraNa nahIM ho pAtA hai| tIsarA bheda akAryakAraNasvarUpa vastu kA anupalambha do prakAra kA hai| niSedha karane yogya ke sAtha tAdAtmya rakhane vAle kI anupalabdhi aura niSedhya ke sAtha tAdAtmya nahIM rakhane vAle kI anupalabdhi // 311 // una do bhedoM meM se pahale niSedhya se abhinna svarUpa do padArthoM kI siddhi do prakAra kI pratIta hotI hai, svabhAva kI anupalabdhi aura vyApaka kI anupalabdhi // 312 // prathama svabhAva anupalabdhi kA udAharaNa-mujhe duHkha nahIM hai kyoMki kheda nahIM hai| dvitIya vyApaka anupalabdhi kA udAharaNa, yahA~ ziMzapA nahIM hai kyoMki koI vRkSa nahIM dikha rahA hai| duHkha kA svabhAva viSAda haiM aura ziMzapA kA vyApaka vRkSa hai / ataH svabhAva aura vyApaka kI anupalabdhi svabhAvavAn aura vyApya ke niSedha ko siddha kara detI hai||313|| - kArya aura kAraNa se bhinna cAhe jisakI anupalabdhi se cAhe jisa kisI kA abhAva siddha kiyA nahIM jA sakatA hai aisA samajhanA cAhie kintu pratiSedha karane yogya vastu ke sAtha rahane vAle kA hI yahA~ abhAva siddha kiyA jAtA hai| arthAt akAryakAraNarUpa vastu kI anupalabdhi kA dUsarA bheda atAdAtmya anupalabdhi hetu apane avinAbhAvI sAdhya ko hI siddha karatA hai| jaise mujha meM matijJAna nahIM hai kyoMki samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi nahIM hai| jIvadravya, AkAzadravya Adi meM rUpa Adi nahIM hai, kyoMki sparzaguNa kI anupalabdhi hai, isa prakAra samajha lenA caahie| arthAt matijJAna kA sahacArI samyagdarzana hai aura rUpa Adi kA sahacArI sparza hai| eka sahacArI ke na hone se dUsare avinAbhAvI sahacArI kA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai hetu kI jIvana zakti avinAbhAva hai||314-315|| . isa prakAra vaha anupalabdhi zruti kI pradhAnatA se pA~ca prakAra kI kahI gaI hai|
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________________ - tattvArthazlokavArtika * 244 kAH punastA ityAha;prANAdayo na saMtyeva bhasmAdiSu kdaacn| jIvatvAsiddhito hetuvyApakAdRSTirIdRzI // 317 // kvacidAtmani saMsAraprasUtirnAsti kaaty'tH| sarvakarmodayAbhAvAditi vA samudAhRtA // 318 // taddhetahetvadRSTiH syaanmithyaatvaadyprsiddhitH| tannivRttau hi taddhetukarmAbhAvAtkva sNsRtiH||319|| tatkAryavyApakAsiddhiryathA nAsti nirnvyN| tattvaM kramAkramAbhAvAdanvayakAMtatattvavat // 320 // tatkAryavyApakasyApi pdaarthaanuplNbhnN| pariNAmavizeSasyAbhAvAditi vibhAvyatAm // 321 // zaMkA : niSedhya - sAdhyaaMza ke kAraNa se vyApaka ho rahe kI anupalabdhi athavA sAdhyadala niSedhya ke vyApaka se vyApaka ho rahe kI anupalabdhi Adi bhI sunI jAtI hai phira pA~ca hI anupalabdhiyA~ kyoM kahIM ? isa prakAra kahane para AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM ki tuma ThIka kahate ho| pA~ca prakAroM ke atirikta bhI anupalabdhiyA~ haiM, kintu ve saba ina pA~coM meM hI antarbhAva ko prApta ho jAtI haiN| isa bAta ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai isa niSedhyasAdhya kI kAraNa, vyApaka anupalabdhi ko lekara ke jo anupalabdhiyA~ dekhI sunI jAtI haiM, ve saba aneka prakAra kI anupalabdhiyA~ una pA~coM meM hI paramparA se antarbhAva ko prApta ho jAtI haiN||316|| __ ve antarbhUta anupalabdhiyA~ phira kauna-kauna sI haiM? isa bAta ko kahate haiM bhasma Adi meM prANa, nAr3I calanA Adi kabhI bhI nahIM hai kyoMki prANadhAraNarUpa jIvapane kI unameM siddhi nahIM hai| isa prakAra kI hetu vyApaka anupalabdhi hai| arthAt niSedha karane yogya prANa Adi kA kAraNa zarIra sahitatva hai, aura zarIra sahitatva kA vyApaka jIvatva hai| kisI AtmA kA puna: saMsAra meM janma lenA sampUrNarUpa se nahIM hai-jJAnAvaraNa AyuSya Adi sampUrNa karmoM ke udaya kA abhAva hone se| saMsAra meM janma maraNa karane kA kAraNa AyuSya karma yA rAga, dveSa, yoga aura dravyakarma haiN| inakA vyApaka sampUrNa karmoM kA abhAva hai| ata: yaha kAraNa-vyApaka anupalabdhi hetu kahA gayA hai||317-318|| usa niSedhya ke hetuoM ke hetuoM kI anupalabdhi isa prakAra hai ki kisI AtmA meM phira saMsAra kI utpatti nahIM hai kyoMki mithyAdarzana, avirata, kaSAya Adi kI aprasiddhi hai| una mithyAtva Adi kI nivRtti ho jAne para unakA kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hone vAle karmoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai aura samasta karmoM kA abhAva ho jAne se phira saMsAra kI utpatti kaise ho sakatI hai ? arthAt karma rahita jIva kI punaH saMsAra meM utpatti, vipattiyA~ nahIM hotI haiN| saMsAra ke abhAva kA kAraNa karmoM kA abhAva hai aura karmoM ke abhAva kA kAraNa mithyAdarzana Adi kA abhAva hai ata: yaha hetu ke hetu kI anupalabdhi hai|319|| AcArya kArya vyApakAnupalabdhi kA udAharaNa dete haiM satsvarUpatattva pUrva uttara paryAyoM meM anvaya nahIM rakhane vAlA kSaNika nahIM hai, krama aura akrama kA abhAva hone se| jaise ki sarvathA kUTasthavAdI dvArA mAnA gayA korA anvaya sarvathA nitya ekAntarUpa tattva
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 245 kAraNavyAMpakA dRSTiH sAMkhyAdernAsti nirvRtiH| sadRSTyAditrayAsiddheriyaM punarudAhRtA // 322 // kAraNavyApakA vyAptiH svbhaavaanuplNbhnN| tatraiva pariNAmasyAsiddheriti yathocyate // 323 // pariNAmanivRttau hi tadvyAptaM vinivrtte| sadRSTyAditrayaM mArga vyApakaM pUrvavatparam // 324 // sahacAriphalAdRSTirmatyajJAnAdi nAsti me| nAstikyAdhyavasAnAderabhAvAditi darzitA // 325 // nAstikyapariNAmo hi phalaM mithyAdRzaH sphuTam / sahacAritayA matyajJAnAdivadvipazcitAm // 326 // shcaarinimittsyaanuplbdhirudaahRtaa| dRSTimohodayAsiddheriti vyaktaM tathaiva hi // 327 // nahIM hai, krama aura akrama nahIM hone se| yahA~ sAdhya meM niSedhya rUpa se sthita tattva kA kArya arthakriyA hai tathA arthakriyA ke vyApaka krama aura akrama haiN| ata: una krama, akramoM kI anupalabdhi hone se yaha kArya vyApaka anupalabdhi hai||320|| usa niSedhya ke kArya ke vyApaka ke vyApaka ho rahe padArtha kI anupalabdhi isa prakAra hai-bauddhoM dvArA svIkRta niranvaya kSaNika padArtha tattva nahIM hai-utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyarUpa pariNAma vizeSa kA abhAva hone se| yahA~ niSedhya tattva kA kArya arthakriyA hai| arthakriyA ke vyApaka krama aura akrama haiM tathA krama aura akrama ko bhI vyApane vAlA pariNAma vizeSa hai, usakI anupalabdhi hai ata: yaha kAryavyApaka-vyApaka-anupalabdhi hai, aisA samajhanA caahie||321|| sAMkhya, naiyAyika Adi prativAdiyoM ke yahA~ mokSa nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki unake samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI asiddhi hai| yahA~ niSedha karane yogya mokSa kA kAraNa mokSamArgarUpa pariNAma hai, usakA vyApaka ratnatraya hai, usakI anupalabdhi hai ata: yaha kAraNavyApaka anupalabdhi kahI gaI hai| kAraNavyApakaviruddha upalabdhi se yaha anupalabdhi pRthak hai // 322 // ... yaha kAraNa vyApaka anupalabdhi kA udAharaNa hai, usI ko sAdhya karane meM kAraNa ke vyApaka-vyApi svabhAva kI anupalabdhi isa dRSTAnta dvArA kahI jAtI hai ki sAMkhya Adi ke mata meM mokSa siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai-pariNAma vizeSa kI asiddhi hone se| yahA~ niSedhya mokSa kA kAraNa mokSamArgarUpa pariNAma hai| usakA vyApaka ratnatraya hai| usakA bhI vyApaka pariNAma honA hai| jaba sAMkhya Adi ke yahA~ AtmA meM pariNAma nahIM haiM, to pUrva svabhAva kA tyAga, uttara svabhAva kA grahaNa aura dravyarUpa se yA sthUlaparyAyarUpa se rUpapariNAma kI nivRtti ho jAne para usase vyApta ratnatraya kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai| vyApaka ke nahIM rahane para vyApya bhI nahIM rahatA hai, aura samyagdarzana Adi ratnatraya kI nivRtti se mArga kI tathA dUsare vyApaka kI pUrva ke samAna nivRtti ho jAtI hai ata: yaha kAraNa vyApaka vyApaka svabhAva kI anupalabdhi hai||323-324|| sahacarakArya kI anupalabdhi isa prakAra hai ki merI AtmA ke mati ajJAna, zrutaajJAna Adi bhAva nahIM haiM kyoMki nAstipana ke Agraha, abhiniveza Adi kA abhAva hai| yaha dikhAyA gayA hai kyoMki mithyAdarzana kA phala nAstika pariNAma haiM ataH yaha sahacara kArya anupalabdhi hetu mithyAdarzana kA kArya nAstika pariNAma kA sahacArI mati ajJAna Adi se viziSTa hotA hai| yaha vidvAnoM ke sammukha spaSTa viSaya hai||325-326||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 246 sahabhUvyApakA dRSTirnAsti vedkdrshnaiH| sahabhAvi matijJAnaM tattvazraddhAnahAnitaH // 328 // . shbhuuvyaapihetvaadydRssttyopyvirodhtH| pratyetavyAH prapaMcena lokazAstranidarzanaiH // 329 // sahacaravyApakakAryAnupalabdhiryathA nAstyabhavye samyagvijJAnaM darzanamohopazamAdyabhAvAt / sahacaravyApakakAraNAnupalabdhiryathA ttraivaadhHprvRttaadikrnnkaallbdhyaadybhaavaat| sahacaravyApakakAraNavyApakAnupalabdhistatraiva darzanamohopazamAditvAbhAvAditi samayaprasiddhAnyudAharaNAni / lokaprasiddhAni punarnAzvasya dakSiNaM zRga zRMgAraMbhakAbhAvAditi sahacaravyApakakAraNAnupalabdhiH / dakSiNazRMgasahacAriNo hi vAmazRMgasya vyApakaM zrRMgamAtraM tasya kAraNaM tadAraMbhakAH pudgalavizeSAH tadanupalabdhidakSiNazRMgasyAbhAvaM sAdhayatyeva / niSedhya ke sahacArI ke nimitta kI anupalabdhi kA yaha udAharaNa hai ki merI AtmA meM mati ajJAna Adi nahIM hai, kyoMki darzana mohanIya karma ke udaya kI asiddhi hai| usI prakAra mati ajJAna kA sahacArI mithyAzraddhAna hai| usa mithyAzraddhAna kA nimittakAraNa darzana mohanIya karma kA udaya hai ataH yaha sahacArI nimitta-anupalabdhi hai yA sahacArI kAraNAnupalabdhi hai||327|| sahacara vyApakAnupalabdhi isa prakAra hai ki mujhameM kSAyopazamika samyagdarzanoM ke sAtha hone vAlA matijJAna nahIM hai, kyoMki tattvoM ke zraddhAna kI hAni hai| yahA~ matijJAna kA sahacArI kSayopazama samyaktva hai| usakA vyApaka tattvazraddhAna hai ataH yaha sahacara vyApaka anupalabdhi kA dRSTAnta hai // 328 // sahacaravyApaka hetu anupalabdhi yA sahacara vyApaka kArya-anupalabdhi bhI avirodha se vistArapUrvaka lokaprasiddha aura zAstraprasiddha dRSTAntoM dvArA samajha lenI cAhie // 329 // sahacaravyApaka kArya-anupalabdhi kA dRSTAnta isa prakAra hai| jaise abhavya meM samIcIna jJAna nahIM hai kyoMki usake darzanamohanIya karma kA upazama, kSaya, kSayopazama kA abhAva haiN| abhavya meM samyagjJAna nahIM hai kyoMki adha:pravRtta, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa, kAlalabdhi Adi kA abhAva hai| arthAt niSedhya samyagjJAna ke sahacArI kSayopazama Adi samyaktva haiN| unakA vyApaka samyagdarzana sAmAnya hai| usake kAraNa adhaH pravattakaraNa, kAlalabdhi Adi haiN| unakI anupalabdhi se samyagjJAna kA abhAva siddha ho jAtA hai| sahacaravyApakakAraNa vyApaka anupalabdhi kA udAharaNa yaha hai-abhavya meM samyagjJAna ke abhAva ko sAdhya karane para darzana mohanIya karma ke upazama Adi bhAvoM ke abhAva hetu prasiddha hai| arthAt niSedhya samyagjJAna ke sahacArI kSayopazama samyaktva Adi haiM unakA vyApaka samyagdarzana hai usake kAraNa adha:karaNa Adi haiN| una karaNatraya, Adi ke vyApaka darzana moha ke upazama Adi haiN| unakA abhAva hone se abhavya meM samyagjJAna kA niSedha siddha kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra AptopajJa zAstroM ke anusAra aneka udAharaNa prasiddha haiN| loka meM prasiddha anupalabdhi ke udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM-ghor3e ke dakSiNa sIMga nahIM hai sIMga ko banAne vAle pudgalaskandhoM kA abhAva hone se| yaha sahacaravyApakakAraNa kI anupalabdhi hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 247 sahacaravyApakakAraNAnupalabdhistatraiva zRMgAraMbhakapudgalasAmAnyAbhAvAditi prtipttvyaani|| upalabdhyanupalabdhibhyAmityevaM srvhetvH| saMgRhyate na kAryAditritayena kathaMcana // 330 // nApi pUrvavadAdInAM tritayo na nissedhne| sAdhye tasyAsamarthatvAdvidhA caiva prayuktitaH // 331 // nanu ca kAryasvabhAvAnupalabdhibhiH sarvahetUnAM saMgraho mA bhUt sahacarAdInAM ttraaNtrbhaavyitumshkteH| pUrvavadAdibhistu bhavatyeva, vidhau niSedhe ca pUrvavataH parizeSAnumAnasya sAmAnyato dRSTasya ca pravRttyavirodhAtsahacarAdInAmapi ttraaNtrbhaavyitumshkytvaat| te hi pUrvavadAdilakSaNayogamanatikrAmaMto na tato bhidyaMta iti kshcit| sopi yadi pUrvavadAdInAM sAdhyAviruddhAnAmupalabdhiM vidhau prayuMjIta niSedhyaviruddhAnAM ca pratiSedhe niSedhyasvabhAvakAraNAdInAM tvanupalabdhiM tadA kathamupalabdhyanupalabdhibhyAM sarvahetusaMgrahaM necchet // pUrvavatkAraNAtkAryenumAnamanumanyate / zeSavatkAraNe kAryAdvijJAnaM niytsthiteH||332|| ____ unake kAraNa una sIMgoM ko banAne vAle vizeSa jAti ke pudgala haiN| inakI anupalabdhi hetu dakSiNasIMga ke abhAva ko siddhakaratI hai ata: yaha loka meM prasiddha sahacara vyApaka-kAraNa kI anupalabdhi hai tathA sahacara vyApakakAraNa-kAraNa kI anupalabdhi isa prakAra hai| azva ke sIdhI tarapha kA sIMga nahIM hai kyoMki sIMga ko banAne vAle pudgala sAmAnya kA abhAva hai| aMgopAMganAmakarma ke udaya se AhAravargaNA dvArA banAye gaye sIMga ke upayogI pudgalasAmAnya kA azva meM abhAva hai| unakA kAraNa sAmAnya pudgala haiM jo ki sIMga ke upayogI vizeSapudgala ko banAyA karate haiN| unakI anupalabdhi hone se ghor3e ke sira meM dakSiNasIMga kA abhAva siddha kiyA gayA hai ata: yaha sahacaravyApaka-kAraNa-kAraNa anupalabdhi hai| isI prakAra anya bhI udAharaNa samajha lene caahie| isa prakAra pUrva meM kathita upalabdhiyoM aura anupalabdhiyoM ke dvArA sampUrNa hetuoM kA saMgraha kara liyA jAtA hai kintu bauddha ke dvArA mAne gaye kArya, svabhAva, anupalabdhi hetutraya se kaise bhI sampUrNa hetuoM ke bheda saMgRhIta nahIM ho pAte haiN| tathA pUrvavat , zeSavat , sAmAnyato dRSTa ina tIna hetuoM ke dvArA bhI sabhI hetuoM kA saMgraha nahIM ho pAtA hai kyoMki niSedha ko sAdhya karane meM ve pUrvacara Adi tInoM asamartha haiM ataH jainasiddhAntAnusAra upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi ye do prakAra ke hI hetu prayukta kiye gaye haiN||330-331|| zaMkA : bauddhoM dvArA svIkRta kArya, svabhAva anupalabdhi hetuoM ke dvArA sampUrNa hetuoM kA saMgraha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki sahacara, pUrvacara Adi kA una tIna meM aMtarbhAva karanA zakya nahIM hai| kintu pUrvavat Adi bhedoM ke dvArA to saba hetuoM kA saMgraha ho hI jAtA hai kyoMki vidhi aura niSedha ko sAdhya karane meM pUrvavat hetu kI aura prasaMga prAptoM kA niSedha kiye jA cukane para parizeSa meM avaziSTa rahe kA anumAna karAne vAle zeSavat hetu kI tathA sAmAnyato dRSTa hetu kI pravRtti hone meM virodha nahIM AtA hai ataH sahacara, pUrvacara Adi kA bhI una pUrvavat zeSavat Adi meM antarbhAva karanA zakya hai, arthAt-pUrvavat, zeSavat aura sAmAnyato dRSTa hetu meM vidhi Adi sarva hetuoM kA saMgraha karanA zakya hai, kyoMki ve sahacara Adi hetu pUrvavat Adi ke lakSaNa ke sambandha kA atikramaNa nahIM karate hue una pUrvavatoM Adi se bhinna nahIM haiN| isa prakAra koI kaha rahA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 248 kAryakAraNanirmuktAdarthAtsAdhye tthaavidhe| bhavetsAmAnyato dRSTamiti vyAkhyAnasaMbhave // 333 // vidhau tadupalaMbhaH syunissedhenuplbdhyH| tatazca SaDvidho hetuH saMkSepAtkena vAryate // 334 // ___ atra niSedhenupalabdhaya eveti nAvadhAryate svabhAvaviruddhopalabdhyAdInAmapi tatra vyApArAt tata eva vidhAvevopalabdhaya iti nAvadhAraNaM zreya ityuktaprAyaM / etena prAgvyAkhyAnepi pUrvavadAdInAmupalabdhayastisronupalabdhayazceti saMkSepAt SaDvidho heturanivAryata iti niveditaM / atisaMkSepAdvizeSato dvividha ucyate samAdhAna : aba AcArya kahate haiM ki vaha naiyAyika bhI yadi sAdhya se aviruddha ho rahe pUrvavat Adi kI upalabdhi ko vidhi sAdhane meM prayoga karegA aura niSedhya se viruddha ho rahe pUrvavat Adi kI upalabdhi ko pratiSedha sAdhane meM prayukta karegA tathA niSedha karane yogya svabhAva, kAraNa Adi kI anupalabdhi ko vidhi aura niSedha ko sAdhane meM prayukta karegA taba to upalabdhi hetuoM ke dvArA hI saba hetuoM ke saMgraha ko kyoM nahIM caahegaa| arthAt-vidhi aura niSedha ko sAdhane vAlI upalabdhi tathA vidhi aura niSedha ko sAdhane vAlI anupalabdhi ke dvArA hI sampUrNa hetuoM kA saMgraha honA siddha hotA hai, anyathA nhiiN| ___ kAraNa se kArya kA anumAna pUrvavat hetu mAnA jAtA hai aura kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna zeSavat hai| hetu kI apane sAdhya ke sAtha niyata sthiti honI cAhie tathA kArya kAraNa rahita padArtha se usa prakAra ke kAryakAraNa rahita sAdhya meM jisa hetu se anumAna kiyA jAegA vaha sAmAnyato dRSTa hetu hai| isa prakAra naiyAyikoM dvArA vyAkhyAna honA saMbhava hone para vidhi ko sAdhane meM una pUrvavat Adi tIna ke upalambha aura niSedha ko sAdhane meM una tIna kI anupalabdhiyA~ hotI haiN| isa prakAra saMkSepa se chaha prakAra ke hetu kA kauna nivAraNa kara sakatA hai arthAt-syAdvAdI bhI kisI apekSA se pUrvavat Adi kI upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi ke bheda se chaha prakAra kA hetu mAnate haiM // 332-333-334 / / isa prakaraNa meM niSedha ko sAdhane meM anupalabdhiyA~ hI upayogI haiM, yaha avadhAraNA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki svabhAva se viruddha upalabdhi AdikoM kA bhI usa niSedha ko sAdhane meM vyApAra hotA hai| ataH vidhi ko sAdhane meM upalabdhiyA~ hI haiM, yaha avadhAraNA karanA zreSTha nahIM hai| isa bAta ko pUrva prakaraNoM meM kaha diyA gayA hai| isa kathana se yaha bhI nivedana kara diyA gayA hai ki pUrva meM kie hue vyAkhyAna meM bhI pUrvavat Adi kI upalabdhiyA~ tIna prakAra kI haiM aura pUrvavat Adi kI upalabdhiyA~ bhI tIna haiN| isa prakAra saMkSepa se chaha prakAra ke hetu kA nivAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ati saMkSepa meM hetu do prakAra kA kahA jAtA hai| tathA sAmAnya kI apekSA se anyathAnupapattirUpa niyama nAma ke lakSaNa se yukta eka hI hetu hai| isa prakAra kathana karane meM hameM kucha bhI viruddha nahIM dIkha rahA hai| arthAt-sAmAnya kI apekSA se anyathAnupapattisvarUpa eka hI hetu hai aura vizeSabhedoM kI apekSA karane para atisaMkSepa meM do prakAra kA hai-upalabdhi aura anupalabdhi aura saMkSepa meM pUrvavat Adi ke sAtha upalabdhi anupalabdhi ko jor3akara chaha prakAra kA hetu ho sakatA hai| evam vistAra se aneka bheda ho sakate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 249 sAmAnyAdekaM evAnyathAnupapattiniyamalakSaNortha iti na kiMcidviruddhamutpazyAmaH / SaDvidho hetuH kuto na nivAryata ityAha;kevalAnvayisaMyogI viitbhuutaadibhedtH| vinirNItAvinAbhAvahetUnAmatra saMgrahAt // 335 // na hi kevalAnvayike valavyatirekyanvayavyatirekiNaH saMyogisamavAyivirodhino vA vItAvItatadubhayasvabhAvA cAbhUtAdayo vA kAryakAraNAnubhavopalaMbhanAtikramaM niyatA niyatahetubhyonye bhaveyuravinAbhAvaniyamalakSaNayoginAM teSAM tatraivAMtarbhavanAditi prkRtmupsNhrnnaah|| anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNaM sAdhanaM ttH| sUktaM sAdhyaM vinA sadbhiH zakyatvAdivizeSaNaM // 336 / / evaM hi yairuktaM "sAdhyaM zakyamabhipretamaprasiddhaM tato prN| sAdhyAbhAsaM viruddhaadisaadhnaavissytvtH||" naiyAyika aura jainoM ke dvArA svIkRta chaha prakAra kA hetu nivArita kaise nahIM kiyA jAtA hai ? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM - kevalAnvayI, saMyogI, vIta, bhUta, Adi bhedoM se svIkRta sabhI hetuoM kA ina chaha hetuoM meM saMgraha ho jAtA hai kyoMki una kevalAnvayI Adi kA apane sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva vizeSarUpa se nirNIta hai| arthAt jina hetuoM kA apane sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAvarUpa niyama nizcita ho rahA hai ve vIta Adi koI : bhI hetu ina do, yA chaha bhedoM meM hI garbhita ho jAte haiM // 335 / / ___ yadyapi kevalAnvayI kevalavyatirekI, anvavyatirekI tathA saMyogI, samavAyI, virodhI athavA vIta, avIta, vItAvIta donoM svabhAvavAle tathA bhUta, abhUta, bhUtAbhUta rUpase mAne gaye hetuoM ke bheda kArya, kAraNa, akAryakAraNa upalabdhiyoM kA atikramaNa nahIM karate haiM jisase ki niyamayukta ho rahe hetuoM se pRthak ho jaate| avinAbhAva nAmaka niyamarUpa lakSaNa se yukta ho rahe una kevalAnvayI Adi kA una pUrvavat Adi meM hI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra do kArikAoM ke dvArA pUrvavat , zeSavat , sAmAnyato dRSTa kA vyAkhyAna jo kAraNa, kArya aura akAryakAraNa kiyA gayA hai, tadanusAra ina kAraNa hetu Adi meM hI sampUrNa kevalAnvayI, bhUta Adi kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra prakaraNa prApta vyAkhyAna kA upasaMhAra karate hue AcArya antima nirNaya karate haiM ki ___ sajjana puruSoM ne zakya, abhISTa, aprasiddha ina tInoM vizeSaNoM se yukta sAdhya ko avinAbhAvI .. anyathAnupapatti eka lakSaNa vAlA sAdhana kahA hai (hetu kahA hai)||336|| bhAvArtha : anyathAnupapatti hI hai lakSaNa jisakA, aisA hetu samIcIna hetu hotA hai| sAdhane ke lie zakyapanA aura vAdI ko abhISTa tathA prativAdI ko aprasiddha ina tIna vizeSaNoM se yukta sAdhya ke binA jo hetu nahIM rahatA hai, vaha hI sajjanoM ke dvArA samIcIna hetu kahA gayA hai| athavA anyathAnupapattinAmaka eka hI lakSaNa se yukta samIcIna hetu hotA hai aura zakya, abhipreta, aprasiddha ina tIna vizeSaNoM se yukta sAdhya * hotA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 250 iti taiH sUktameva, anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNasAdhanaviSayasya sAdhyatvapratItestadaviSayasya pratyakSAdiviruddhasya prasiddhasyAnabhipretasya vA sAdhayitumazakyasya saadhyaabhaastvnirnnyaat| tatra hizakyaM sAdhayituM sAdhyamityanena niraakRtH| pratyakSAdipramANairna pakSa ityetadAsthitam // 337 // tenAnuSNognirityeSa pakSaH pratyakSabAdhitaH / dhUmonagnija evAyamiti laiNgikbaadhitH||338|| pretyAsukhaprado dharma ityAgamanirAkRtaH / nRkapAlaM zucIti syAllokarUDhiprabAdhitaH // 339 // pakSAbhAsaH svavAgbAdhyaH sadA maunavratIti yH| sa sarvopi prayoktavyo naiva tattvaparIkSakaiH // 340 // zabdakSaNakSayakAMtaH sattvAdityatra kecn| dRSTAMtAbhAvatozakyaH pakSa ityabhyamaMsata // 341 // jina vAdiyoM ne isa prakAra kahA thA ki zakya, abhipreta aura asiddha dharma vAlA sAdhya hotA hai| usase bhinna dharma sAdhyAbhAsa kahA jAtA hai| jo ki viruddha, bAdhita Adi hetuoM (hetvAbhAsoM) ke dvArA kahA gayA hai| ve samIcIna sAdhana ke viSaya nahIM hone se azakya, anabhipreta aura asiddha dharma sAdhyAbhAsa kahe jAte haiN| jainAcArya kA yaha kathana samIcIna hai kyoMki anyathAnupapattinAmaka eka lakSaNa vAle hetu dvArA siddha kiye gae viSaya ko sAdhyapanA pratIta hotA hai| jo sAdhya karane ke lie azakya hai aura janasamudAya meM prasiddha hai athavA jo vAdI ko abhISTa nahIM hai, aise bAdhita, prasiddha, aniSTa dharma ko sAdhyAbhAsapane kA nirNaya hai| sAdhya ke lakSaNa una tIna vizeSaNoM meM vyavasthita hai-kAraNa ki-isa prakAra sAdhane ke lie jo zakya hotA hai vaha sAdhya hai| isa zakya vizeSaNa ke dvArA pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se nirAkRta pakSa nahIM honA caahie| yaha siddhAMta vyavasthita kiyA hai| arthAt jisa pratijJAvAkya meM pratyakSa Adi se bAdhA upasthita hogI vaha sAdhyakoTi meM nahIM raha sakatA hai||337|| isalie sAdhya ke lakSaNa meM zakyavAda vizeSaNa dene se inakI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai ki agni anuSNa hai| yoM yaha pakSa sparzana indriyajanya pratyakSapramANa se bAMdhita hai aura dhuA~ agni se bhinna padArthoM se utpanna hai, yaha pratijJA anumAna se bAdhita hai kyoMki agni se utpanna huA dhuA~ dRSTigocara ho rahA hai| isa prakAra avyabhicArI kAryakAraNabhAva kA anumAna kara liyA gayA hai tathA dharmapAlana karanA marane ke pIche sukha dene vAlA nahIM hai, yaha pakSa AgamapramANa se nirAkRta ho jAtA hai| arthAt Agama meM dharma ko sukha dene vAlA kahA hai, usa dharma ko sukha dene vAlA nahIM kahanA, duHkha dene vAlA kahanA Agama bAdhita hai // 338 // 'mAnava ke sira kA kapAla zuddha hotA hai, kyoMki prANI kA aMga hai| jo prANiyoM kA aMga hai vaha zuddha hotA hai jaise sIpa shNkhaadi|' yaha kathana lokarUr3hi se bAdhita hai, kyoMki loka meM mAnava kA sira kapAla azuddha mAnA gayA hai|||339|| svavacanabAdhita pratijJA bhI pakSAbhAsa hai| jaise ki "maiM sadA mauna vrata rakhatA huN|" yaha kathana svavacana bAdhita hai kyoMki bola rahA hU~ aura mauna vrata kara rahA huuN| isa prakAra lokabAdhita, anumAnabAdhita sAdhyAbhAsa kA prayoga nahIM karanA cAhie ata: jaina siddhAMta meM abAdhita ko hI sAdhya abhISTa kiyA hai||340||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 251 teSAM sarvamanekAMtamiti pakSo virudhyte| tata evobhayoH siddho dRSTAMto na hi kutracit // 342 // pramANabAdhitatvena saadhyaabhaastvbhaassnne| sarvastatheSTa eveha sarvathaikAMtasaMgaraH // 343 // tathA sAdhyamabhipretamityanena nivaaryte| anuktasya svayaM sAdhyabhAvAbhAvaH paroditaH // 344 // yathA hyukto bhavetpakSastathAnuktopi vaadinH| prastAvAdibalAtsiddhaH sAmarthyAdukta eva cet // 345 // svAgamoktopi kiM na syAdeva pakSaH kathaMcana / tathAnuktopi cokto vA sAdhyaH sveSTostu taattvikH|| nAniSTotiprasaMgasya parihartumazaktitaH // 346 // (SaTSam) pUrvapakSa - koI kahatA hai ki ekAnta meM zabda kSaNa meM naSTa hote haiM kyoMki sattva haiN| isameM dRSTAMta kA abhAva hai isalie azakya ko bhI pakSa svIkAra kiyA hai phira sAdhya meM zakya vizeSaNa kyoM diyA gayA hai? isa para jaina AcArya kahate haiM ki taba to unake yahA~ dRSTAMta nahIM mila sakane se sampUrNa padArtha aneka dharmavAle haiM, isa prakAra pratijJA karanA pakSaviruddha ho jaayegaa| donoM ke yahA~ pahale se prasiddha dRSTAnta kA abhAva karanA chIMka Adi pramANoM se bAdhita ho jAne ke kAraNa sabako anekAntapana ke isa sAdhane ko sAdhyAbhAsapanA kaheMge taba to usa prakAra saba padArthoM ke sarvathA ekAntapana kI pratijJA yahA~ iSTa hI kara lI gayI kintu sarvathA ekAnta bhI to pramANa se bAdhita hai||341-342-343|| ... tathA vAdI ko abhipreta sAdhya hotA hai / isa prakAra sAdhya ke lakSaNa meM par3e hue abhipreta isa vizeSaNa dvArA aniSTa ko svayaM hI sAdhyapanA nivAraNa kara diyA jAtA hai| dUsare vAdiyoM ne bhI aniSTa ko sAdhya nahIM mAnA hai| athavA zabda dvArA abhipreta sAdhya ko na kahA ho, yadi vAdI ne anya abhiprAyoM se samajhA diyA hai to vaha bhI sAdhya ho jAtA hai| anukta ko sAdhyarahitapana kA abhAva hai| kAraNa ki jisa prakAra vAdI ke dvArA kaMThokta kaha diyA gayA pakSa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra vAdI dvArA nahIM kahA gayA kintu abhipreta bhI pakSa ho jAtA hai| . yadi koI yoM kahe ki prastAva, prakaraNa Adi ke bala se siddha bhI pakSasAmarthya se kathita ho jAtA hai, sAdhya ho jAtA hai, taba to svakIya prAmANika AgamoM se kahA gayA bhI kathaMcit pakSa kyoM nahIM ho sakegA? ataH yaha siddha huA ki ukta ho athavA anukta yadi vAdI ko svayaM iSTa hai, to vaha yathArtha rUpa se sAdhya ho jaaegaa| jo vAdI ko iSTa nahIM hai, vaha kaise bhI sAdhya nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki aniSTa ko sAdhya mAnane para atiprasaMga kA parihAra nahIM kiyA jA skegaa| arthAt jo sAdhya vAdI ko iSTa nahIM hai usako siddha karane ke lie prayatna karanA vyartha hai, jaise ekAnta kSaNika vA kUTasthanitya ko siddha karane kA jainAcArya kA prayatna karanA vyartha hai, kyoMki apane iSTa kA ghAtakara aniSTa ko siddha karanA yogya nahIM hai||344345-346||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 252 nanu necchati vAdIha sAdhyaM sAdhayituM svayam / prasiddhasyAnyasaMvittikAraNApekSyavartanAt // 347 // prativAdyapi tsyaitnniraakRtiprtvtH| sabhyA nobhayasiddhAntavedino'pakSapAtinaH // 348 // ityayuktamavaktavyamabhipretavizeSaNam / jijJAsitavizeSatvamivAnye saMpracakSate // 349 // tadasadvAdineSTasya saadhytvaaprtighaatitH| svArthAnumAsu pakSasya tannizzayavivekataH // 350 // parArtheSvanumAneSu paro bodhayituM svym| kiM neSTasyeha sAdhyatvaM vizeSAnabhidhAnataH // 351 // zaMkA : vAdI svayaM to sAdhya ko sAdhane kI icchA nahIM karatA hai parantu prasiddha padArtha kI anya ko saMvitti karA dene kI apekSA se pravRtti karatA hai| prativAdI bhI usa sAdhya ke isa prakaraNa prApta nirAkaraNa ko karane meM tatpara hotA hai| nikaTa meM baiThe hue sabhA ke sadasya pakSapAtarahita haiM, ve vAdI prativAdI donoM ke siddhAntoM ko jAnane vAle nahIM haiM ataH sAdhya ke lakSaNa meM abhipreta' yaha vizeSaNa lagAnA ayukta hai evaM kahane yogya nahIM hai| sAdhya iSTa nahIM hotA hai jaise ki jAnane kI icchA kA viSayapanA yaha sAdhya kA vizeSaNa nahIM kahA jAtA hai| arthAt-vAdI kI apekSA se yadi sAdhya kA iSTa vizeSaNa lagAyA jAtA hai to prativAdI kI apekSA se sAdhya kA vizeSaNa jijJAsitapanA bhI lagAnA cAhie, aisA kahanA cAhie, kyoMki prativAdI ko jisakI jijJAsA hogI usa viSaya kA pratipAdana vAdI karatA hai| yadi kaho ki prativAdI to kisI tattva kI jijJAsA nahIM karatA hai| vaha to khaNDana karane ke lie Avezayukta hokara sannaddha ho rahA hai, taba to vAdI kI ora se bhI kucha kahe jAnA mAna liyA jAe, iSTa vizeSaNa lagAnA vyartha hai aisA koI kahatA hai||347348-349|| samAdhAna : AcArya kahate haiM ki unakA yaha kahanA satya nahIM hai, kyoMki vAdI dvArA iSTa dharma ke sAdhya kA pratighAta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai arthAt vAdI apane abhISTa sAdhya ko prativAdI ke sanmukha samIcIna hetuoM se sAdhatA hI hai| svArthAnumAnoM meM kiye gaye pakSa kA usa iSTa ke dvArA nizcaya kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, jaise dhUma ko dekhakara abhISTa agni kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai // 350 // ___ parArtha-dUsare pratipAdyoM ke lie kiye gaye anumAnoM meM to dUsarA (pratipAdya hI) svayaM samajhAne ke lie yogya hotA hai jo vAdI ko iSTa hai vahI to pratipAdya ko samajhAyA jAtA hai ata: yahA~ svArtha anumAna parArthaanumAna ina vizeSoM kA kathana nahIM karane se sAmAnya se iSTa ko sAdhyapanA kyoM nahIM abhISTa kiyA jAtA hai, arthAt kiyA hI jAtA hai||351||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 253 iSTaH sAdhayituM sAdhyaH svprprtipttye| iti vyAkhyAnato yuktamabhipretavizeSaNaM // 352 // aprasiddha tathA saadhymitynenaabhidhiiyte| tasyArekA viparyAsA vyutpattiviSayAtmatA // 353 / / tasya tadvyavacchedatvAtsiddhirarthasya tttvtH| tato na yujyate vaktuM vyasto hetorpaashryH||354|| saMzayo hyanumAnena yathA vicchidyate tthaa| avyutpattiviparyAsAvanyathA nirNayaH kathaM // 355 // avyutpannaviparyastau naacaarymupsrptH| kaucedeva yathA tadvatsaMzayAtmApi kazcana // 356 // nAvazyaM nirNayAkAMkSA sNdigdhsyaapynrthinH| saMdehamAtrakAsthAnAtsvArthasiddhau pravartanAt // 357 // jo vAdI ko abhISTa hai vahI apane aura dUsare kI pratipatti ke artha sAdhane ke lie sAdhya mAnanA cAhie, isa prakAra vyAkhyAna karane se sAdhya kA 'iSTa' vizeSaNa lagAnA yukta hai // 352 // vAdI ke dvArA kahA gayA sAdhya prativAdI yA pratipAdya-zrotAoM ko aprasiddha honA cAhie ata: sAdhya ke aprasiddha vizeSaNa se kahA gayA hai ki vaha sAdhya zrotAoM ke saMzaya, viparyaya aura ajJAna kA viSaya svarUpa hai| vAdI ke dvArA usa sAdhya kA jJAna karA dene para zrotAoM ke una saMzaya, viparyaya, ajJAnoM kA vyavaccheda ho jAne se artha kI yathArtharUpa se siddhi ho jAtI hai ataH yaha kahanA yukta nahIM hai ki tIna samAropoM meM se eka hI saMzaya kA hetu dvArA nirAkaraNa hotA hai|353-354|| bhAvArtha : sAdhya kA nirNaya ho jAne se pratipAdya ke samasta saMzaya, viparyaya aura ajJAnoM kA nivAraNa ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra anumAnajJAna ke dvArA saMzaya kA viccheda kiyA jAtA hai usI prakAra avyutpatti aura viparyayakA bhI viccheda kiyA jAtA hai| anyathA saMzaya ke dUra ho jAne para bhI viparyaya aura ajJAna dUra nahIM hote haiM, anirNaya vA viparItatA banI rahatI hai, to vaha nizcita hai' aisA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ata: pramANajJAna se tInoM samAropoM kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai||355|| koI kahatA hai ki jaise koI-koI ajJAnI, viparyaya jJAnI vastu kA yathArtha nirNaya karane ke lie AcArya ke nikaTa nahIM jAte haiM, unhIM ke samAna koI saMzayAlu puruSa bhI vastu kA nirNaya karane ke lie guru ke nikaTa jAkara nahIM pUchatA hai kyoMki niHprayojanI saMzayAlu ko bhI vastu ke nirNaya karane kI AvazyakarUpa se AkAMkSA nahIM hotI hai| saMdehamAtra meM hI vaha sthita rahatA hai| yadi apane kisI artha kI siddhi hotI ho taba to nirNaya karAne ke lie pravRtti karatA hai||356-357||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 254 yathA'pravartamAnasya saMdigdhasya prvrtnm| vidhIyatenumAnena tathA kiM na niSidhyate // 358 // avyutpnnviprystmnsopyprvrtnm| parAnugrahavRttInAmupekSAnupapattitaH // 359 // avineyiSu mAdhyasthyaM na caivaM prtihnyte| rAgadveSavihInatvaM nirguNeSu hi teSu na // 360 // svayaM mAdhyasthyamAlaMbya gunndossopdeshnaa| kAryA tebhyopi dhImadbhistadvineyatvasiddhaye // 361 // avyutpannaviparyastA prtipaadytvnishcye| pratipAdyaH kathaM nAma duSTojJaH svasuto jnaiH||362|| AcArya kahate haiM ki jaise sAdhya ko jAnane meM pravRtti nahIM karane vAle saMdigdha puruSa kI anumAna dvArA nirNIta sAdhya meM pravRtti karA dI jAtI hai vaise viparyasta mana vAle jIvoM kI bhI apravRtti kA niSedha anumAna dvArA kyoM nahIM karA diyA jAtA hai| arthAt-jaise saMdigdha kA saMzaya dUra karane ke lie AcArya anumAna ke dvArA usake saMzaya ko dUra karane ke lie prayatna karate haiM, vaise viparyaya jJAna vAle ko samajhAne kA prayatna kyoM nahIM karate haiM kyoMki dUsare jIvoM para anugraha karane meM sarvadA pravRtta AcAryoM kI ajJAnI aura viparyaya jJAnI jIvoM ke lie upekSA nahIM ho sakatI hai||358-359|| ___ arthAt AcArya, jaise saMdigdha jIva ko yathArtha nirNIta viSaya meM pravarttA dete haiM, usI prakAra ajJAnI aura mithyAjJAnI ko bhI yathArtha vastu meM lagA dete haiM ata: anumAna pramANa dvArA tInoM samAropoM kA vyavaccheda honA mAnanA caahie| isa prakAra sarva jIvoM ke prati anugrahavAna hone se avinItoM meM madhyapanA rakhane kA pratighAta bhI nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki upekSA kA artha hai nirguNI doSI, viparyaya jJAniyoM meM hamako rAgadveSa nahIM karanA hai apitu mAdhyasthya bhAvanA kA avalambana lekara unake lie bhI guNa aura doSoM kA upadeza denA hai kyoMki apanA ziSya banAne ke lie buddhimAnoM ke dvArA avinIta bhI pratipAdana (zikSA dene) karane ke yogya hotA hai| arthAt una avinItoM ko bhI guNadoSoM kA jJAna karAnA caahie| paropakAriyoM kA kartavya hai, ajJAniyoM ko jJAnI banAnA hai; kucAritravAloM ko saccaritra banAnA aura avinItoM ko vinaya saMpatti para jhukAnA hai||360-361|| yadi avyutpanna aura mithyAdRSTi, viparIta jJAnI jIvoM ko pratipAdana nahIM karane yogya nirNaya kara diyA jAyegA to pracaMDa, duSTa aura mUrkha apanA koI lar3akA hitaiSI gurujanoM ke dvArA samajhAne yogya kaise hogA arthAt nahIM hogaa| yadi ajJAnI aura AgrahI jIvoM ke lie upadeza denA nahIM mAnA jAyegA to mAtA-pitAoM ke dvArA apane mUrkha lar3ake ko bhI zikSA nahIM dI jAnI cAhie, kintu sabhI hitaiSIjana apane mUrkha bAlaka, bAlikAoM ko upadeza dekara hitamArga para lagAte hI haiN||362||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 255 'laukikasyAprabodhyatve kathamastu priiksskH| prabodhyastasya yatnena kramatastattvasaMbhavAt // 363 // pratipAdyastatastredhA pksssttprtipttye| saMdigdhAdiH prayoktavyo'prasiddha iti kIrtanAt // 364 // prazna : laukika viparyayajJAnI samajhAne yogya nahIM hone para parIkSA karane vAlA usako kaise samajhA sakatA hai ? uttara : tattvoM kI antaH praviSTa hokara parIkSA karane vAlA to kabhI kisI viSaya meM mUrkha hotA hai; kisI viSaya meM viparIta jJAnI hotA hai / usa parIkSaka ko to krama se yatna karake tattvoM kI jJapti karAnA saMbhava hai| avyutpanna ke bheda se pratipAdya pakSa tIna prakAra kA hai ata: una tInoM kI pratipatti karAne ke lie saMdigdha, viparyasta aura ajJAta aprasiddha pakSa vAdI ke dvArA prayukta karanA caahie| isa prakAra sAdhya ke tIna vizeSaNoM kI saphalatA kA pratipAdana karate hue vyAkhyAna kiyA hai||363-364|| bhAvArtha : iSTa, abAdhita aura asiddha ko sAdhya kahate haiN| isakA tAtparya hai ki jo vAdI ko iSTa hai vahI sAdhya hotA hai, aniSTa nahIM / isI prakAra jo pratyakSAdi kisI pramANa se bAdhita nahIM hai vaha sAdhya hotA hai| tathA jo abhItaka siddha na ho vaha sAdhya hotA hai kyoMki asiddha ko hI siddha kiyA jAtA hai| siddha vastu ko sAdhya nahIM banAyA jAtA hai| isalie sAdhya ke lakSaNa meM iSTa, abAdhita aura asiddha ye tIna vizeSaNa diye gaye haiN| sabhI vizeSaNa sabhI kI apekSA se nahIM hote haiM, apitu koI vizeSaNa kisI kI apekSA se hotA hai aura koI vizeSaNa kisI kI apekSA se hotA hai| sAdhya ke ina tIna vizeSaNoM meM iSTa vizeSaNa vAdI kI apekSA se hai, kyoMki samajhAne kI icchA vAdI ko hI hotI hai ata: jisa sAdhya ko vaha siddha * kara rahA hai vaha usako iSTa honA caahie| asiddha vizeSaNa prativAdI kI apekSA se hai kyoMki vaha samajhane kA icchuka hai icchA kA viSayabhUta padArtha iSTa hai| saMdigdha, viparyasta aura avyutpanna padArtha hI sAdhya hotA hai| isako batAne ke lie asiddha pada vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai| saMzaya ko saMdigdha kahate haiM; viparItajJAna ko viparyasta kahate haiM aura jisakA svarUpa ThIka se nizcita na ho usako avyutpanna kahate haiN| jaise mArga meM jAte hue vyakti kA tRNa sparza hone para yaha kyA hai?'-aisA anadhyavasAya rUpa jJAna hotA hai, usako avyutpanna kahate haiN| aniSTa aura pratyakSAdi pramANoM se bAdhita padArtha sAdhya nahIM hotA, isako batAne ke lie iSTa vizeSaNa diyA jAtA hai| isa vizeSaNa se yukta sAdhya ko siddha karane vAle hetuoM se jo jJAna hotA hai vaha anumAna jJAna kahalAtA hai| usa anumAna jJAna ko nahIM mAnane vAloM kA khaNDana karake anumAna jJAna ko siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| akiMcitkara hone se vAdI, prativAdI ke prasiddha pakSa ko sAdhya koTi meM rakhanA nirasta kara diyA gayA hai arthAt-agni uSNa hotI hai, jala pyAsa ko bujhAtA hai; ityAdi prasiddha viSaya sAdhya nahIM banAye jAte
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 256 suprasiddhazca vikSipta: pksso'kiNcitkrtvtH| tatra pravartamAnasya sAdhanasya svarUpavat // 365 // samArope tu pakSatvaM sAdhanepi na vaaryte| svarUpeNaiva nirdizyastathA sati bhavatyasau // 366 // jijJAsitavizeSastu dharmI yaiH pakSa issyte| teSAM saMti pramANAni sveSTasAdhanataH kathaM // 367 // dharmiNyasiddharUpepi heturgamaka issyte| anyathAnupapannatvaM siddhaM sadbhirasaMzayaM // 368 // dharmisaMtAnasAdhyAzcet sarve bhAvAH kssnnkssyaaH| iti pakSo na yujyeta hetostaddharmatApi ca // 369 // haiN| una prasiddha sAdhyoM ke sAdhane meM pravRtta hetu bhI svarUpa samAna kArya nahIM karatA hai ata: akiMcitkara hetvAbhAsa hai| yadi usa sAdhya meM koI saMzaya, viparyaya, ajJAna nAma kA samAropa upasthita ho jAtA hai taba usa sAdhya kA pakSapanA nivAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| arthAt-hetu ke bhI yadi samAropa ho jAtA hai to usa hetu ko sAdhya koTi meM lAkara anya hetuoM se pakSa banA liyA jAtA hai| aisA hone para vaha saMdigdha, viparyasta, ajJAta sAdhya apane svakIya rUpa ke dvArA hI nirdeza karane yogya hotA hai||365-366|| - jina vAdiyoM ke dvArA yaha kahA jAtA hai ki pakSa to prasiddha hI honA cAhie kintu jisa pakSa ke jAnane kI icchA vizeSarUpa se utpanna ho rahI hai, vaha dharmI pakSa banA liyA jAtA hai| una naiyAyika yA bauddhoM ke yahA~ "pramANAni santi sveSTasAdhanAt" pratyakSa Adika pramANa haiM, apane-apane abhISTa tattvoM kI siddhi honA dekhA jAtA hai| yaha pakSa kaise bana sakegA? yahA~ dharmI pramANoM ke dvArA sarvathA aprasiddharUpa hone para bhI hetu gamaka kaise mAna liyA gayA hai ? kintu sajjana vidvAnoM ne yahA~ saMzayarahita anyathAnupapatti ko siddha mAnA hai ata: yaha samIcIna hetu hai| bhAvArtha : bauddhoM kA yaha abhiprAya thA ki saMdigdha puruSa ko hI tattva ko jAnane kI icchA hotI hai, viparyayI aura ajJAnI to jAnane, samajhane kI icchA nahIM rakhate haiN| isake pratyuttara meM AcAryoM ne kahA hai ki "iSTa sAdhana kI vyavasthA hone se pramANatattva hai|" yaha to viparIta jJAnI yA ajJAniyoM ke prati hI vizeSarUpa se siddha kiyA jAtA hai| jo zUnyavAdI yA upaplavavAdI pramANa ko kisI bhI prakAra se jAnanA nahIM cAhate haiM, unake prati ukta pramANa sAdhaka anumAna kahA jAtA hai ataH prasiddha kintu jijJAsita vizeSa ko pakSa nahIM kahanA cAhie / / 367-368 // ___yadi kaho ki dharmI kI saMtAna sAdhya haiM, kyoMki vaha saMtAna dera taka TikatI hai, tabato sampUrNa padArtha kSaNika hai, yaha pakSa ThIka nahIM ho skegaa| tathA hetu ko usa pakSa kA dharmapanA bhI nahIM bana skegaa| kyoMki usa prakaraNa meM sampUrNa rUpa se dharmI padArthoM kI pratyakSa pramANa se prasiddhi nahIM hai| yadi anya anumAna se una
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 257 pratyakSeNAprasiddhatvAddharmiNAmiha kAtya'taH / anumAnena tatsiddhau dharmisattAprasAdhanaM // 370 // paraprasiddhitasteSAM dharmitvaM hetudharmavat / dhruvaM teSAM svataMtrasya sAdhanasya niSedhakaM // 371 // prasaMgasAdhanaM vecchettatra dharmigrahaH kutH| iti dharmiNyasiddhepi sAdhanaM matameva ca // 372 // vyApyavyApakabhAve hi siddhe sAdhanasAdhyayoH / prasaMgasAdhanaM proktaM tatpradarzanamAtrakaM // 373 // atha niHzeSazUnyatvavAdinaM prati taarkikaiH| virodhodbhAvanaM sveSTe vidhIyateti saMmataM // 374 // sampUrNa padArthoM ke jJAna kI siddhi karoge taba to yahA~ dharmiyoM kI sattA ko prasiddha karanA Avazyaka kArya hogaa| arthAt-kSaNikatva ko sAdhane vAlA anumAna gauNa ho jAyegA // 369-370 // pakSadharmatva hetu ke samAna una dharmiyoM kI anyavAdiyoM ke yahA~ prasiddhi ho jAne se unako dharmIpanA dRr3harUpa se nizcita hai| aisA kahane vAle una bauddhoM ke yahA~ svataMtra nAmake sAdhana kA niSedha karane vAlA yaha prasaMga sAdhana iSTa hai| kintu vahA~ bhI dharmI kA grahaNa kaise hogA vA kisa pramANa se hogA? . bhAvArtha : anumAna ke dvArA prakRta sAdhya ko sAdhane vAle hetu do prakAra ke hote haiN| eka svataMtra sAdhana, dUsarA prasaMga saadhn| jisameM pakSa, hetu, dRSTAMta vidyamAna rahate haiM, vahA~ para vyApti ko smaraNa karA kara sAdhya ko sAdhane vAlA hetu svataMtra sAdhana kahA jAtA hai, aura para kI dRSTi se vAdI ko aniSTa kA ApAdana karA dene vAlA hetu prasaMgasAdhana kahalAtA hai| jaise yaha parvata agniyukta hai-dhUma hone se yA zabda pariNAmI hai-kRtaka hone se, ityAdi hetu apane sAdhya ko sAdhane meM svataMtra hai| prasaMga sAdhana hetu se koI parokSa padArtha siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai| usa prasaMga sAdhana hetu se kevala ajJAna kI nivRtti hotI hai| isa prakAra dharmI kA grahaNa karanA kaThina hai| tabhI to siddhAnta meM dharmI ke aprasiddha hone para bhI saddhetu mAna hI liyA gayA hai| ataH sAdhya ke prasiddha hone kA Agraha karanA prazasta nahIM hai||371-372|| sAdhana aura sAdhya ke vyApya vyApakabhAva ke siddha ho jAne para prasaMga sAdhana kahanA usakA pradarzana mAtra hai||373|| aba AcArya kahate haiM ki sampUrNa padArthoM ko zUnya kahane vAle zUnyavAdI ke prati naiyAyikoM ke dvArA jo apane iSTa viSaya meM virodha kA utthApana kiyA jAtA hai, usameM hama sammata haiN| sabase prathama vaha zUnyavAda apramANa hone se akiMcitkara dIkha rahA hai| tathA zUnyavAda ke pramANa se aprasAdhana (aprasiddha) hone para sapramANakatA kaise A sakatI hai? arthAt jaba taka 'sarvazUnyaM zUnya' isa maMtavya ke pramANa se prakRSTa siddhi
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 258 tadapramANakaM taavdkiNcitkrmiikssyte| sapramANakatA tasya va pramANAprasAdhane // 375 // nanviSTasAdhanAt saMti pramANAnIti bhaassnne| samaH paryanuyogoyaM pramA zUnyatvavAdinaH // 376 // tadiSTasAdhanaM tAvadapramANamasAdhanam / svasAdhyena pramANaM tu na prasiddhaM dvayorapi // 377 / / tadasaMgatamiSTasya saMvinmAtrasya saadhnm| svayaM prakAzanaM dhvastavyabhicAraM hi susthitaM // 378 // svasaMvedanamadhyakSaM vAdino maanmNjsaa| tatonyeSAM pramANAnAmastitvasya vyvsthitiH||379|| nanviSTasAdhanaM dhrmiprmaannairprairyutm| tadiSTasAdhanatvasyetarathAnupapattitaH // 380 // evaM prayogataH siddhiH pramANAnAmanAkulam / tatsattA naiva sAdhyA syAtsarvatreti pare viduH||381|| nahIM hotI hai, taba taka usa zUnyavAda ko prAmANikatA kaise A sakatI hai| zUnyavAda ke dvArA pramANa se zUnyavAda kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai, kyoMki zUnyavAdI ke pramANa bhI nahIM hai||374-375|| . iSTa kI siddhi hone se zUnyavAda pramANa hai, yaha siddha hotA hai| isa prakAra zUnyavAdI ke kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki pramANa kA zUnyapanA mAnane vAle vAdI kI ora se yahI paryanuyoga samAna rUpa se lAgU hotA hai kyoMki zUnyavAdiyoM ke to iSTa kA sAdhana apramANa (pramANazUnyapanA) hai aura asAdhana hai ata: iSTasAdhana dvArA vastubhUta pramANoM kI siddhi nahIM ho sakI hai| _naiyAyika, zUnyavAdI ina donoM ke yahA~ bhI apane-apane sAdhya ke sAtha pramANapanA prasiddha nahIM hai jisase unake zUnyavAda kI siddhi ho ske||376-377|| tathA zUnyavAdI bauddhoM kA kahanA pUrvAparasaMgati se rahita hai, kyoMki akele zuddhasaMvedana kA hI sAdhana karanA unheM abhipreta hai jo ki svayaM prakAzita aura vyabhicAra doSoM se rahita sthita hai| taba svasaMvedana nAmakA pratyakSa hI vAdI ke yahA~ nirdoSa pramANa siddha hotA hai, ata: anya indriya pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANoM ke astitva kI bhI vyavasthA ho jAtI hai arthAt-jo pramANa, prameya, sva, para, vAdI, prativAdI, svapakSasAdhana, parapakSadUSaNa, samyagjJAna, mithyAjJAna Adi kucha bhI nahIM mAnatA hai, vaha to svayaM bhI nahIM hai ataH iSTatattva ke sAdhane se pramANoM kI siddhi kA ApAdana (grahaNa) karanA samucita hI hai||378-79|| yahA~ koI prativAdI prazna karatA hai ki jina zUnyavAdiyoM ke yahA~ iSTasAdhana hetu kI prasiddhi nahIM hai, unake prati iSTasAdhana ko dharmI banAkara phira dUsare pramANoM se yukta honA siddha karoge, anyathA usa iSTa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 259 yatobhayaM tadevaiSAM svayamagre vyavasthitam / hetorananvayatvasya prasaMjanamasaMzayaM // 382 // sattAyAM hi prasAdhyAyAM vizeSasyaiva sAdhanAt / yathAnanvayatAdoSastathAtrApyanidarzanAt // 383 // hetorananvayasyApi gmktvopvrnnne| sattA sAdhyAstu mAnAnAmiti dharmI na sNgrH||384|| dharmidharmasamUhotra pakSa ityapasAritam / eteneti sthitaH sAdhyaH pakSo vidhvastabAdhakaH // 385 // vyAptikAle mataH sAdhyaH pakSo yeSAM niraakulH| sonyathaive kathaM teSAM lkssnnvyvhaaryoH||386|| sAdhana kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| yadi isa prakAra ke anumAna prayoga se pramANoM kI AkulatArahita siddhi mAna lI jAtI hai taba to sabhI sthAnoM para una pramANoM kI sattA ko sAdhya nahIM karanA caahie|||380-381 // isake pratyuttara meM AcArya kahate haiM ki jisa bAta se ina zUnyavAdiyoM ko bhaya thA vaha prasaMga inake sanmukha Akara svayaM upasthita ho gayA arthAt zUnyavAdI pramANoM kI siddhi ko mAnanA nahIM cAhate the kyoMki iSTasAdhana hetu kA anvaya dRSTAnta nahIM milane ke kAraNa vaha kaha rahA thA ki anvaya dRSTAnta ke binA iSTasAdhana hetu pramANoM ko siddha nahIM kara sakatA hai| zUnyavAdiyoM ne anvayadRSTAnta bana jAne ke lie koI vastubhUta padArtha mAnA hI nahIM hai ata: hetu ke anvayadRSTAnta se rahitapana kA prasaMga denA ni:saMzaya hai| parantu sAmAnyarUpa se sAmAnyapramANa kI sattA siddha ho jAne para vizeSa pramANa kI hI sattA ko sAdhya banAne meM iSTasAdhana hetu kA prayoga karanA saphala ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra anvayarahitapanA doSa hai, usI prakAra dRSTAMta ke na hone se tuma zUnyavAdiyoM ke yahA~ bhI apane iSTa kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai arthAt zUnyavAdI ke vastupadArtha nahIM hone se pramANa ke abhAva siddhi karane meM anvayatva aura dRSTAMta kA abhAva hai||382-383 // __yadi anvaya dRSTAMta se rahita hetu ko bhI sAdhya kA jJApakapanA abhISTa kara loge, taba to pramANoMkI sattA bhI sAdhya ho jaayegii| isa prakAra dharmI prasiddha hI honA cAhie, yaha pratijJA siddha nahIM ho sakatI arthAt dharmI ekAnta se prasiddha hI hotA hai, aisA nahIM hai||384|| isa prakaraNa meM 'dharmI aura dharma kA samudAya pakSa hai|' yaha bhI isa ukta kathana dvArA nivAraNa kara diyA gayA hai ata: isase yaha siddha huA ki jisake bAdhaka jJAna vidhvasta ho gaye haiM use sAdhya pakSa mAnA gayA hai||385|| . jina vidvAnoM ke yahA~ vyAptigrahaNa kAla meM nirAkula hokara sAdhya hI pakSa mAnA gayA hai, unake yahA~ vaha sAdhya vyApti svarUpa grahaNa karane ke kAla meM aura anumAna prayoga karane para vyavahArakAla meM dUsare prakAra kA kaise ho sakatA hai? jo sAdhya ke sAtha nirNIta hetu kI vyApti ho jAne para vyApti kAla meM sAdhA jA rahA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 260 vyAptiH sAdhyena nirNItA hetoH sArdhaM prsaadhyte| tadevaM vyavahArepItyanavadyaM na cAnyathA // 387 // dharmiNopyaprasiddhasya saadhytvaaprtighaatitH| asti dharmiNi dharmasya ceti nobhayapakSatA // 388 // tadyatra sAdhanAdbodho niymaadbhijaayte| sa tasya viSayaH sAdhyo nAnyaH pakSostu jAtucit // 389 // tadevaM zakyatvAdivizeSaNasAdhyasAdhanAya kAlApekSatvena vyavasthApite anyathAnupapattyekalakSaNe sAdhane ca prakRtamabhinibodhalakSaNaM vyavasthitaM bhvti| yaH sAdhyAbhimukho bodhaH sAdhanenAniMdriyasahakAriNA niyamitaH sobhinibodhaH svaarthaanumaanmiti| kazcidAha; hai, usI prakAra vyavahAra kAla meM bhI sAdhya vahI rhegaa| dUsare prakAra se vyavasthA karanA ThIka nahIM hai| nirNIta ko vyavahAra meM lAnA hI nirdoSa mArga hai||386-387|| ataH aprasiddha dharmI kA sAdhyapanA pratihata nahIM hotA hai| arthAt-aprasiddha dharmI kA bhI sAdhyapanA surakSita hai aura dharmI ke hone para dharma kA astitva hai ata: dharmI aura dharma donoM ke samudAya ko pakSa kahanA ThIka nahIM hai||388|| ataH jahA~ avinAbhAva niyama ke anusAra sAdhana se sAdhya kA bodha ho jAtA hai, sAdhya usa avinAbhAvI hetu kA jJeya viSaya hai, usase pRthak pakSa kadAcit bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai||389|| ataH yahA~ taka hetu, sAdhya aura pakSa kA vizeSa vicAra kiyA gayA hai| zakyapana Adi vizeSaNoM se yukta sAdhya ko sAdhane ke lie prayogakAla kI apekSA anyathAnupapatti eka lakSaNavAle hetu kI vyavasthA karane para yaha prakaraNaprApta anumAna svarUpa abhinibodha kA lakSaNa karanA vyavasthita ho jAtA hai| arthAt isa prakaraNa meM sAmAnya matijJAna ko abhinibodha nahIM mAnA hai| kintu, anyathAnupapatti lakSaNa vAle hetu se zakya, abhipreta, asiddha sAdhya kA jJAna kara lenA abhinibodha hai| ___ mana kI sahakAritA ko prApta jJApaka hetu ke dvArA sAdhya ke abhimukha hokara niyama prApta jo jJAna hai, vaha abhinibodha hai| "abhi" yAnI abhimukha, ni yAnI avinAbhAvarUpa niyama prApta, bodha yAnI jJAna hai| vaha abhinibodha svArthAnumAna hai| yaha prakaraNa ke anusAra abhinibodha kA siddhAMta lakSaNa hai| koI (jaina) kahatA hai prazna : indriyoM se grahaNa karane yogya artha aura indriyoM se nahIM grahaNa karane yogya atIndriya artha ke abhimukha niyamita jJAna karanA abhinibodha mAnA gayA hai| kintu indriya aura mana se sahakRta kevala jJApaka liMga se utpanna jJAna abhinibodha nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| arthAt 'mati: smRti:' Adi sUtra meM kathita abhinibodha kA artha svArthAnumAna aura kvacit abheda dRSTi se parArthAnumAna hai kintu sAmAnya abhinibodha kA artha sabhI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 261 iMdriyANIMdriyArthAbhimukho bodho na tu smRtaH / niyatokSamanobhyAM yaH kevalo na tu liNgjH||39|| iMdriyAniMdriyAbhyAM niyamitaH kRtaH svaviSayAbhimukho bodhobhinibodha: prasiddho na punaraniMdriyasahakAriNA liMgena liMginiyamitaH kevala eva ciNtaapryNtsyaabhinibodhtvaabhaavprsNgaat| tathA ca siddhAMtavirodho'zakyaH parihartumityatrocyatesatyaM svArthAnumAnaM tu vinA yacchabdayojanAt / tanmAnAMtaratAM mAgAditi vyAkhyAyate tathA // 391 // na hi liMgaja eva bodhobhinibodha iti vyaackssmhe| kiM trhi| liMgajo bodhaH zabdayojanarahitobhinibodha eveti tasya pramANAMtaratvanivRttiH kRtA bhavati siddhAMtazca saMgRhItaH syAt / na hIMdriyAniMdriyAbhyAmeva svaviSayebhimukho niyamito bodhobhinibodha iti siddhAMtosti smRtyaadestdbhaavvirodhaat| kiM trhi| soniMdriyeNApi vAkyabhedAt / kathaM aniMdriyajanyAbhinibodhikamaniMdriyajAbhimukhaniyamitabodhanamiti vyAkhyAnAt / matijJAna hai| avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA, smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka ye sabhI jJAna indriya athavA mana se utpanna hue hone ke kAraNa matijJAna mAne gaye haiM, phira akele anumAna ko hI abhinibodha kyoM kahate haiM? // 390 // ____ indriya aura anindriya se niyamitakRta tathA apane viSaya kI ora abhimukha jJAna abhinibodha nAma se prasiddha hai| kintu phira mana ko hI sahakArI kAraNa mAnakara jJApaka hetu ke dvArA sAdhya ke sAtha niyamita kevala anumAna hI abhinibodha nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para avagraha Adika tathA smRti, pratyabhijJAna tarkaparyanta jJAnoM ko abhinibodhapana ke abhAva kA prasaMga AyegA, aura aisA hone para AptopajJa siddhAnta ke sAtha virodha kA parihAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| - uttara : yaha kahanA satya hai, parantu zabda kI yojanA ke binA jo hetujanya svArthAnumAna hotA hai vaha * matijJAna ke sivAya dUsare zruta, avadhi Adi pramANapana ko prApta na hove, ata: isa prakAra vyAkhyAna kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt zabda kI yojanA se sahita parArthAnumAna zrutajJAna ho sakatA hai, parantu artha se arthAntara kA jJAna nahIM karane vAlA svArthAnumAna to abhinibodha (matijJAna) hI hai // 391 // gomaTTasAra Adi granthoM meM abhinibodha ko matijJAna kahA hai| jJApaka hetu se hI utpanna huA jJAna abhinibodha hotA hai| isa prakAra evakAra lagA kara hama nahIM kahate haiN| to kyA kahate haiM? vAcaka zabdoM kI yojanA se rahita liMgajanya jJAna hai, vaha abhinibodha hai| usa liMgajanya jJAna ko zrutajJAna Adi anya pramANapana ho jAne kI nivRtti kara dI gaI hai tathA aisA kahane para jaina siddhAnta kA saMgraha bhI kara liyA gayA hai| kevala indriyoM aura anindriyoM ke dvArA apane viSaya (sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa, zabda aura sukha, jJAna, vedanA Adi viSayoM) meM abhimukha niyamaprApta bodha hI abhinibodha hai, yaha jaina siddhAnta nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para to smRti, tarka, saMjJA ina jJAnoM ko usa abhinibodhatva ko sadbhAva kA virodha ho jaayegaa| arthAt-indriyoM aura anindriya se niyamita abhimukha viSayoM meM ekadeza vizada jAnane ko hI abhinibodha yadi mAnA jAegA to smRti, saMjJA, ciMtA jJAnoM ko abhinibodhapanA viruddha ho jaayegaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 262 nanvevamapyarthApattiH pramANAMtaramapratyakSatvAt prokssbhedessuuktessvnNtrbhaavaat| pramANaSaTkavijJAtasyArthasyAnyathAbhavanayuktasya sAmarthyAdadRSTAnyavastukalpane arthApattivyavahArAt / taduktaM / "pramANaSaTkavijJAto yatrArthonanyathA bhvet| adRSTaM kalpayedanyaM saarthaapttirudaahRtaa||" pratyakSapUrvikA hyApattiH pratyakSavijJAtAdarthAdanyathA dRSTerthe pratipattiryathA rAtribhojI devadattoyaM divAbhojanarahitatve ciraMjIvitve ca sati stanapInAMgatvAnyathAnupapatteriti, anumAnapUrvvikA vAnumAnavijJAtAdarthAdyathAgamana zaktimAnAdityAdirgatyanyathAnupapatteriti / prazna : abhinibodha kyA hai? uttara : abhinibodha anindriya dvArA bhI apane viSaya meM abhimukha hokara niyamita artha ko jAnatA hai| isa prakAra 'indriyAnindriyanimittaM' athavA 'aNiMdaindiyaja' ina vAkyoM ke yogavibhAgakara vAkyabheda kara dene se ukta artha nikala jAtA hai| zaMkA : yaha artha kaise nikalatA hai? uttara : manarUpa anindriya se utpanna huA Abhinibodhika to anindriya se sahakRta liMga se utpanna huA hai aura niyamayukta sAdhya ke abhimukha jJAna hai isa prakAra vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| bhAvArtha : indriya aura anindriya se matijJAna utpanna hotA hai| isa pahale vAkya ke dvArA avagraha Adi gRhIta ho jAte haiM aura anindriya se matijJAna hotA hai| isa dUsare vAkya meM liMga se sahakRtapanA hone se abhinibodha dvArA svArthAnumAna kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| mImAMsakoM kA kahanA hai ki isa prakAra arthApatti nAmakA bhI eka pRthak pramANa mAnanA cAhie kyoMki vaha avizada hone se pratyakSapramANa to nahIM hai aura parokSa pramANa ke kahe hue mati, smRti, saMjJA, ciMtA, abhinibodha, Agama ina bhedoM meM usa arthApatti kA aMtarbhAva bhI nahIM hotA hai| tathA pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, zAbda, arthApatti abhAva ina chaha pramANoM se jJAna artha kA anyathA bhavan (usa adRSTa ke binA nahIM hone) se yukta artha ke sAmarthya se adRSTa dUsarI vastu kI kalpanA meM arthApatti pramANa kA vyavahAra hotA hai| . mImAMsaka granthoM meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki pratyakSa Adi chaha pramANoM meM se pramANa ke dvArA jJAta artha jahA~ ananyathAbhUta hai usa dUsare adRSTaartha kI jisa pramANa se kalpanA karAI jAtI hai, vaha arthApatti pramANa kahA gayA hai arthAt arthApatti pramANa se bhI laukika vyavahAra hotA hai| __pratyakSa jJAna se jJAta aura avinAbhUta artha ke dvArA adRSTa artha meM pratipatti honA hI pratyakSapUrvaka arthApatti hai| jaise devadatta avazya rAta meM bhojana karatA hai kyoMki dina meM bhojana nahIM karane vAlA aura adhika kAla taka jIvita rahane vAlA yaha devadatta sthUlastana sahita zarIra vAlA anyathA nahIM ho sakatA! anumAna pramANoM se jJAta artha se adRSTa artha ko jAna lenA anumAna pUrvikA arthApatti hai| jaise-sUrya, candramA Adi padArtha gamana zakti se yukta haiM kyoMki deza se dezAntara gamanarUpa gati honA unameM gamana zakti ke binA nahIM bana sakatA hai| yaha anumAna pUrvikA anyathAnupapatti hI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 263 tathopamAnapUrvikopamAnavijJAtAdarthAdvAhAdizaktirayaM gavayo gavayatvAnyathAnupapatteriti, tathAgamapUrvikA AgamavijJAtAdarthAdarthapratipAdanazaktiH zabdo nityArthasambandhatvAnyathAnupapatteriti, tathArthApattipUrvikArthApattirapattipramANavijJAtAdarthAdyathArAtribhojanazaktiH vivAdApanno devadattoyaM rAtribhojitvAnyathAnupapatteriti / tathaivAbhAvapUrvikArthApattirabhAvapramANavijJAtAdarthAdyathAsmAdgRhAbahistiSThati devadatto jIvitve satyatrAbhAvAnyathAnupapatteriti / etenAbhAvasya pramANAMtaratvamuktamupamAnasya vA vastuno sataH upamAna pramANa se jJAta anyathAbhUta artha se adRSTa artha kI jo kalpanA kI jAtI hai ki yaha rojha (gavaya) pazu lAdanA, daur3anA Adi zaktiyoM se yukta hai, anyathA (daur3anA Adi zaktiyoM se sahitapana ke binA) gavayapanA nahIM banatA hai| yaha upamAna pUrvikA arthApatti hai| bhAvArtha : yahA~ gau ke sadRza gavaya hai| aise vRddhavAkya ko sunakara vana meM jAkara galakambala se rahita baila sarIkhe pazu ko dekhakara yaha gavaya hai' aisA upamAna pramANa dvArA jAna liyA jAtA hai| ____ punaH gavayapane se 'vAha' Adi atIndriya zaktiyoM kA arthApatti dvArA jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai| tathA AgamapramANa dvArA jJAta artha se avinAbhAvI adRSTa artha kA jJAna kara lenA AgamapUrvaka arthApatti hai jaise ki yaha zabda amuka artha ko pratipAdana karane kI zakti se tadAtmaka hai| nitya artha ke sAtha sambandha anyathA (artha pratipAdana zakti ke sAtha tadAtmaka) bana nahIM sakatA hai| arthAt-yahA~ svAbhAvikI yogyatA aura saMketa ke vaza zabda aura artha ke nitya rahane vAle sambandha sahitatva ko Agama pramANa dvArA nirNIta kara punaH nitya artha ke sambandhI zabda kI artha pratipAdana zakti kA arthApatti dvArA jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai| anumAna Adi ko kAraNa mAnakara prathama arthApatti banA lI jAtI hai punaH usa arthApatti pramANa se jJAta artha se avinAbhAvI adRSTa artha kI dUsarI jJapti karanA arthApattipUrvikA arthApatti kahI jAtI hai jaise ki bhojana kara sakane vAlA aura bhojana nahIM kara sakane vAlA, isa prakAra vivAda meM par3A huA yaha devadatta rAta ko khAne kI zakti se yukta hai kyoMki arthApatti se jAna liyA gayA rAtribhojIpanA anyathA (bhojana karane kI zakti ke binA) anupapanna hai| yahA~ pratyakSa pramANa se devadatta ke avikRta moTepana ko dekhakara dina meM nahIM khAne vAle devadatta kA rAtri meM bhojana karanA prathama arthApatti se jAna liyA jAtA hai| punaH rAtribhojanapana kI anyathAnupapatti se rAta meM bhojana karane kI zakti kA jJAna dUsarI arthApatti se kiyA jAtA hai| tathA abhAva pramANa dvArA jJAta avinAbhUta artha se adRSTa anya artha meM kalpanA uThAnA abhAvapUrvaka arthApatti hai| jaise ki isa ghara se bAhara pradeza meM devadatta ThaharA huA hai, kyoMki jIvita hone para devadatta kA yahA~ ghara meM nahIM rahanA anyathA (bAhara Thaharane ke binA) asambhava hai| arthAt-jIvita devadatta ghara meM nahIM hai to vahA~ bAhara avazya hai, aisA nirNaya kara liyA jAtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 264 sduplNbhkprmaannaaprvRtterbhaavprmaannsyaavshyaashrynniiytvaat| sAdRzyaviziSTAdvastuno vastuviziSTAdvA sAdRzAt parokSArthapratipattirabhyupagamanIyatvAcceti kecit| saMbhavaH pramANAMtaramADhakaM dRSTvA saMbhavatya Dhakamiti pratipatteranyathA virodhAt / prAtibhaM ca pramANAMtaramatyaMtAbhyAsAdanyajanAvedyasya ratnAdiprabhAvasya jhaTiti pratipatterdarzanAdityanye tAn pratIdamucyate;siddhaH sAdhyAvinAbhAvo hyarthApatteH prbhaavkH| saMbhavAdezca yo hetuH sopi liMgAnna bhidyate // 392 // dRSTAMtanirapekSatvaM liMgasyApi niveditam / tanna mAnAMtaraM liMgAdarthApattyAdivedanam // 393 // isa ukta kathana se abhAvapramANa ko bhI smRti AdikoM se pRthak pramANapanA siddha kara diyA gayA hai tathA sAdRzya ko viSaya karane vAlA upamAna bhI pRthak pramANa hai| vastu ke sadbhAvoM ko hI jAnane vAle pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, zAbda, arthApatti ina pA~ca pramANoM kI vasta ke asadbhAva ko jAnane meM pravatti nahIM hotI hai ata: abhAva ko jAnane ke lie abhAva pramANa kA Azraya karanA bhI atyAvazyaka hai| ___ tathA upamAna bhI pRthak pramANa avazya hai kyoMki sAdRzyaviziSTa vastu se athavA vastuviziSTa sAdRzya se parokSa artha kI pratipatti karanA sabhI vAdiyoM ko svIkAra karane yogya hai, isa prakAra koI mImAMsaka kahate haiN| koI kahate haiM ki sambhava bhI pRthak pramANa hai| Ar3haka' ko dekhakara usameM arddha Ar3haka sambhava hai usakA yaha ardha Ar3haka hai| isa prakAra kI pratipattiyA~ hone kA anyathA (saMbhava ko pramANa mAne binA) virodha hai| eka pRthak pramANa prAtibha bhI hai| atyanta abhyAsa ke vaza se anya janoM ke dvArA nahIM jAne gaye ratna, svarNa Adi ke prabhAva kI turanta pratipatti honA dekhA jAtA hai| una mImAMsaka Adi vidvAnoM kA AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM sAdhya ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhanA hI arthApatti pramANa ko utpanna karAne vAlA siddha kiyA gayA hai tathA sambhava, prAtibha Adi pramANoM kA utthApaka jo hetu mAnA gayA hai, vaha bhI avinAbhAvI hetu se bhinna nahIM hai, arthAt-avinAbhAvI utthApaka hetuoM se utpanna hue sambhava Adi bhI anumAna pramANa meM garbhita ho jAte haiM // 392 // .. ___isa kathana se jJApaka hetu ke dRSTAnta se nirapekSatA kA kathana kara diyA hai| arthAt anvaya dRSTAnta ke binA bhI hetuoM se sAdhya kA jJAna anumAna dvArA ho jAtA hai ataH liMga se utpanna hue anumAna pramANa se atirikta arthApatti, sambhava, prAtibha Adi pRthak pramANa nahIM haiN| jaise pratyakSa ke kAraNa cakSu, karmakSaya, kSayopazama Adi bhinna jAti ke hote hue bhI unakA kArya pratyakSa ekasA mAnA gayA hai||393|| isa matiH smRti:' Adi sUtra meM matijJAna ke vizeSa bhedoM ko upalakSaNarUpa se sthita honA kahA hai| arthAt-jaise 'kAkebhyo dadhi rakSyatAm', kauoM se dahI kI rakSA krnaa| yahA~ kauA pada se dahI ko bigAr3ane vAlI billI, kuttA Adi sabakA grahaNa hotA hai| aise hI smRti Adi se sabhI prAtibha, svAnubhUti, 1. taulane/mApane kA eka vizeSa parimANa /
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 265 matijJAnavizeSANAmupalakSaNatA sthitN| tena sarvaM matijJAnaM siddhamAbhinibodhikam // 394 // tadiMdriyAnidriyanimittam // 14 // mativijJAnasyAbhyaMtaratvAttannimittaM matijJAnAvaraNavIryAMtarAyakSayopazamalakSaNaM prasiddhameva vAmunAnumAnAdestadbhAvAyogAdataH kimarthamidamucyate sUtramityAzaMkAyAmAha;tasya baahynimittopdrshnaayedmucyte| tadityAdivacaH sUtrakAreNAnyamatacchide // 1 // kasya punastacchabdena parAmarzo yasya bAhyanimittopadarzanArthaM tadityAdisUtramabhidhIyata iti tAvadAha; sphUrti, prekSA, prajJA Adi kA saMgraha kara liyA jAtA hai| ata: indriya, anindriyajanya sarva hI matijJAna Abhinibodhika siddha ho jAte haiN||394|| yadyapi ina avAntara bhedoM meM sUkSma bheda hai, parantu sabhI kA mukhya kAraNa matijJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama hai| isalie bheda rUpa nahIM hai| yahA~ taka matijJAna ke sampUrNa anarthAntara vizeSoM kA varNana kara diyA gayA hai| aba matijJAna ke nimitta kAraNoM kA nirUpaNa karane ke lie kahate haiM - vaha matijJAna indriya, sparzana Adi pA~ca tathA anindriya mana rUpa nimittoM se utpanna hotA hai||14|| zaMkA : matijJAna ke vijJAna kA abhyantara nimitta kAraNa matijJAnAvaraNa karma aura vIryAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama prasiddha hI hai| tathA anumAna, pratyabhijJAna Adi matijJAnoM ko indriya, anindriya nimittapane ke sambandha kA ayoga hai| arthAta anamAna ke kAraNa hetajJAna. vyAptismaraNa. tarkajJAna haiN| pratyabhijJAna ke kAraNa darzana aura smaraNa haiN| smRti kA kAraNa dhAraNA jJAna hai| tarka ke kAraNa upalambha aura anupalambha haiN| indriya aura anindriya to anumAna, smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka ina matijJAnoM ke kAraNa nahIM haiN| dhAraNA kA bhI avyavahita kAraNa avAyajJAna hai| avAya kA avyavahita kAraNa IhA matijJAna hai| IhA kA nimitta yA upAdAna avagraha jJAna hai| avagraha kA avyavahita pUrvavartI darzana upayoga hai| aMtaraMga kAraNa to matijJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama sabhI matijJAnoM meM upayogI hai ata: indriya aura anindriya ko matijJAna kA nimittakAraNa kahane vAle isa sUtra kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? - samAdhAna : aisI AzaMkA hone para AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM ki usa matijJAna ke bahiraMga nimittoM kA pradarzana karAne ke lie yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai| arthAt-anyavAdiyoM ke dvArA jJAna ke jo nimitta kAraNa mana aura indriyA~ mAnI jAtI haiM, ve bahiraMga nimitta haiM tathA anyamatoM kA vyavaccheda karane ke lie sUtrakAra dvArA tat indriya anindriya Adi vacana kahe gaye haiN||1|| arthAt jo sannikarSa, indriyavRtti, kArakasAkalya Adi ko matijJAna kA nimitta mAnate haiM unakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai ki matijJAna kI utpatti kA kAraNa indriya aura mana hai, sannikarSa Adi nahIM haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 266 tacchabdena parAmarzonAMtaramiti dhvaneH / vAcyasyaikasya mtyaadiprkaarsyaavishesstH||2|| matijJAnasya sAmarthyAllabhyamAnasya vaakytH| tadeva tacca vijJAnaM naanythaanuppttitH||3|| pratyAsannatvAdabhinibodhasya tacchabdena parAmarzaH prasaktazciMtA tasyAH pratyAsatteriti na maMtavyamanAMtaramiti zabdena vAcyasya matyAdiprakArasyaikasyAvizeSataH sAmarthyAllabhyamAnasya pratyAsannatarasya sukhavadbhAvAttacchabdena parAmarzotpatteH sveSTasiddhezca tasyAsya baahynimittmupdrshyitumidmucyte| kiM punastadityAha;vakSyamANaM ca vijJeyamatraMdriyamaniMdriyam / tad dvaividhyaM vidhAtavyaM nimittaM drvybhaavtH||4|| prazna : tat yaha sarvanAma pada pUrva meM jAne gae viSaya kA parAmarza karane vAlA hai, to phira yahA~ tat zabda se kisa parokSa padArtha kA parAmarza kiyA jAtA hai,jisake bahiraMga nimitta kAraNoM ko dikhalAne ke lie 'tadindriyAnindriyanimittam' yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai? uttara : isa prakAra jijJAsA hone para AcArya uttara dete haiN| pUrvasUtra meM kathita anarthAntara isa zabda kA tat zabda ke dvArA parAmarza hotA hai| pUrvasUtra meM iti kA artha prakAra kahA gayA hai ata: mati, smRti Adi prakAra svarUpa eka hI vAcya artha kA sAmAnyarUpa se parAmarza kara liyA gayA hai||2|| arthAt mati, smRti Adi sarvajJAna indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se utpanna hote haiN| __ prazna : uparyukta sUtravAkya kI sAmarthya se labhyamAna matijJAna kA tat zabda ke dvArA parAmarza honA caahie| arthAt mati smRti isa sUtra meM matijJAna ke prakAroM kA hI kathana kiyA hai| matijJAna kA nAma nirdeza nahIM hai| phira bhI vAkya kI sAmarthya se matijJAna grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai ata: vahI matijJAnavizeSa tat hai| uttara : AcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki avyavahita pUrva meM upAtta anarthAntara zabda hI anyathAnupapatti hone se grAhya hai||3|| pUrva sUtra dvArA kathita mati, smRti Adi matijJAna ke pA~ca bhedoM meM anta meM kaheM gaye abhinibodha kA nikaTavartI hone se tat zabda dvArA parAmarza honA prasaMga prApta hai, aura usa abhinibodha ke nikaTavartI hone se ciMtA ke parAmarza hone kA bhI prasaMga AtA hai| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki anantaraM isa zabda ke dvArA kathita mati, smRti Adi prakAroM se yukta mati Adi prakArarUpa eka kA sAmAnyarUpa se parAmarza honA bana jAtA hai| vaha eka prakAra hI vAkya kI sAmarthya se labhyamAna hai| anarthAntara kA vAcya atyanta nikaTa bhI hai ata: sukhapUrvaka upasthiti ho jAne ke kAraNa usakA tat zabda ke dvArA parAmarza honA bana sakatA hai| tathA usI se hamAre abhISTa kI siddhi bhI hotI hai ata: usa mati smRti Adi se anarthAntara isa matijJAna ke bahiraMga nimitta kAraNoM ko dikhalAne ke lie yaha sUtra kahA jAtA hai phira ve bahiraMga kAraNa kauna haiM? aisI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM yahA~ dvitIya adhyAya meM kathita indriya aura anindriya ko matijJAna kA nimitta kAraNa jAnanA caahie| dravya indriya aura bhAva indriya ke bheda se ve indriyA~ do prakAra kI haiM, aisA jAnanA caahie||4||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 267 vakSyate hi sparzanAdIMdriyaM paMca dravyabhAvato dvaividhyamAstighnuvAnaM tathAniMdriyaM cAniyatamiMdriyeSTebhyonyatvamAtmasAtkurvaditi nehocyte| tadbAhyanimittaM prtipttvyN| kimidaM jJApakaM kArakaM vA tasyeSTaM kutaH sveSTasaMgraha ityAha;nimittaM kArakaM yasya tattathoktaM vibhaagtH| vAkyasyAsya vizeSAdvA pAraMparyasya cAzritau // 5 // taddhi nimittamiha na jJApakaM ttprkrnnaabhaavaat| kiM tarhi / kArakaM / tathA ca sati prakRtamiMdriyamaniMdriyaM ca nimittaM yasya tattathoktamekaM matijJAnamiti jJAyate iSTasaMgrahaH / punarasya vAkyasya vibhajanAttadiMdriyAniMdriyanimittaM sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu, zrotra ye pA~coM bahiraMga indriyA~ dravya aura bhAva se do prakAra prApta haiM tathA mana bhI dravya, bhAva rUpa se do prakAra kA samajhanA caahie| jaise cakSu, rasanA Adi ke lie sthAna niyata hai, viSaya niyata hai, vaise mana kA sthAna aura viSaya niyata nahIM hai| ata: vicalita mana niyata iSTa kI gaI pA~ca indriyoM se bhinnapane ko apane adhIna karatA hai| arthAt AtmA kI mana indriyAvaraNa ke kSayopazama anusAra vicAra rUpa pariNati bhAvamana hai aura hRdayastha kamala meM manovargaNA se bana gayA paudgalika padArtha dravyamana hai| tathApi indriyoM ke samAna niyata viSaya aura niyata sthAna na hone se mana ko yahA~ indriya nahIM kahA gayA hai| mana aura indriyoM ko matijJAna ke bahiraMga kAraNa samajhanA caahie| .. kyA ye indriya, anindriya usa matijJAna ke jJApaka hetu haiM? athavA kAraka hetu iSTa kiye haiM? kisa prakAra inako hetu mAnakara apane iSTa sabhI bhedoM kA saMgraha ho sakatA hai? aisI pratipAdya kI AkAMkSA hone para vidyAnanda AcArya kahate haiM - jisakA jo nimitta kAraNa hai, vaha usakA usa prakAra kAraka hetu samajhanA caahie| isa sUtra ke vAkya vizeSa ke dvArA yoga-vibhAga karane se sabhI iSTa bhedoM meM indriya anindriya nimittapanA bana jAtA hai| athavA paramparA kA Azraya karane para to yogavibhAga na karate hue bhI sparzajJAna, rUpajJAna, smRti, ciMtA Adi meM indriya aura mana kA nimittapanA ghaTita ho jAtA hai||5|| isa sUtra meM kathita matijJAna ke nimitta indriyA~ aura mana kahe haiM, ve jJApaka hetu nahIM haiM? kyoMki yahA~ una jJApaka hetuoM kA prakaraNa nahIM hai| zaMkA : kaunasA hetu hai? samAdhAna : ve kAraka hetu haiM aura aisA hone para prakRta indriya aura mana hai nimitta jisakA. isa bahuvrIhI samAsa ke sAmarthya se uparyukta sarva mati smRti Adi sarva matijJAnoM ke bhedoM kA saMgraha ho jAtA hai| arthAtmatijJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama se hone vAle sarva matijJAna ke bheda indriya aura mana ke nimitta se hote haiM ata: isa sUtra se sabhI bheda-prabhedoM kA saMgraha kara liyA gayA hai aisA samajhanA caahie| isa sUtravAkya kA eka bAra indriya aura anindriya artha kara lenA caahie| puna: usa vAkya kA vibhAga kara akele anindriya artha ko hI grahaNa karanA caahie| yaha matijJAna indriya anindriyanimittoM se utpanna hotA hai| aisA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 268 dhAraNAparyaMta tadaniMdriyanimittaM smRtyAdInAM srvsNgrhaat| pAraMparyasya cAzrayaNe vAkyasyAvizeSato vaabhipretsiddhiH| yathA hi dhAraNAparyaMtaM tadidriyAnidriyanimittaM tathA smRtyAdikamapi tasya prNpryeNdriyaaniNdriynimitttvopptteH| kiM punaratra tadeveMdriyAnidriyanimittamityavadhAraNamAhosvittadiMdriyAnidriyanimittameveti kathaMcidubhayamiSTamityAha;vAkyabhedAzraye yuktmvdhaarnnmuttrN| tadabhede punaH pUrvamanyathA vyabhicAritA // 6 // artha karane se to avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA taka ke matijJAna, isa lakSaNa se yukta ho jAte haiM aura vaha anindriya nimitta se utpanna hotA hai| aisA vibhAga karane se smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna, ina sabakA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| bhAvArtha : dhAraNA paryantajJAna to indriya anindriya donoM se pRthak-pRthak utpanna ho jAte haiM ata: pUrA vAkya to dhAraNA paryaMta matijJAnoM meM ghaTita hotA hai kintu smRti Adika matijJAna mana ke nimitta se hI utpanna hote haiM ataH isa sUtra kA yoga-vibhAga kara anindriya pada hI artha ghaTita hotA hai| paramparA se hone vAle nimitta kAraNoM kA Azraya lene para to vizeSarUpa se vAkya kA vibhAga nahIM karane para bhI abhipreta kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| jaise avagraha se prArambha kara dhAraNAparyanta una matijJAnoM ke nimittakAraNa indriya anindriya haiM, usI prakAra smRti Adi ke bhI svakIya nimittakAraNa indriya aura anindriya haiM, kyoMki una smRti Adi meM paramparA se indriya aura mana nimitta kAraNa haiN| arthAt-sAmAnyarUpa se nimittakAraNoM kA vicAra karane para sampUrNa matijJAnoM ke kAraNa indriya aura anindriya hote haiN| yahA~ phira kisI kA prazna hai ki kyA vaha matijJAna hI indriya aura anindriyarUpa nimitta kAraNa se hotA hai| aisI avadhAraNA karanA abhISTa hai? athavA kyA vaha matijJAna indriya, anindriyarUpa nimittoM se hI utpanna hotA hai| yaha niyama karanA iSTa hai? isa prakAra jijJAsA hone para AcArya mahArAja kathaMcit donoM hI avadhAraNAoM ko iSTa karate hue yaha kArikA kahate haiM - . 'tadindriyAnindriyanimittaM' isa sUtra kA yogavibhAga kara vAkyabheda kA Azraya karane para to indriya aura mana ke nimitta se matijJAna utpanna hotA hai, aisI avadhAraNA karanA yukta hai arthAt - indriya anindriya nimittoM se hI vaha matijJAna hotA hai| dhAraNA paryanta matijJAna to indriya, mana donoM se hI utpanna hotA hai aura smRti Adi matijJAna mana se hI utpanna hote haiN| yadi vAkyabheda iSTa nahIM hai, taba yaha avadhAraNA karanA ayukta hai kyoMki smRti, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAnarUpa vaha matijJAna to svAtaMtrya se indriya mana donoM ke dvArA utpanna nahIM hotA hai tathA usa vAkyabheda kA Azraya nahIM karane para indriya mana se hI matijJAna utpanna hotA hai yaha avadhAraNa karanA upayukta hai| anyathA sUtra - vAkya ke artha meM vyabhicArI doSa upasthita hotA hai| bhAvArtha : mana, indriya donoM hI svataMtra kAraNoM se matijJAna hI utpanna hotA hai| isa pUrva avadhAraNA ko nahIM mAnane para matijJAna ke sivAya anya jJAnoM ko bhI indriyajanyapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| ataH uddezya dala meM avadhAraNA kara dene se vyabhicAra kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| matijJAna hI indriya anindriya ubhaya se janya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 269 'kutaH punaravadhAraNAdanyamatacchitkuto vA matyajJAnaM zrutAdIni ca vyavacchinnAnItyAha;dhvastaM tatrArthajanyatvamuttarAdavadhAraNAt / matyajJAnazrutAdIni nirastAni tu pUrvataH // 7 // atrArthajanyameva vijJAnamanumAnAtsiddhaM nArthAjanyaM yatastadvyavacchedArthamuttarAvadhAraNaM syAditi manyamAnasyAnumAnamupanyasya dUSayannAha;svajanyajJAnasaMvedyorthaH prameyatvato nnu| yathAniMdriyamityeke tdsdvybhicaartH||8|| hai, anya jJAna nahIM // 6 // arthAt vidyAnanda AcArya ne isa sUtra kA eka viziSTa artha kiyA hai jo pUjyapAda Adi pUrvAcAryoM ne nahIM kiyA hai| vidyAnanda AcArya ne isa sUtra ke do artha kie haiM; eka artha sAmAnya se matijJAna-utpatti meM indriyA~ mana nimitta hote haiN| yaha artha kiyA hai| aura dUsarA artha kiyA hai ki avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA jJAna indriya aura mana ke nimitta se hote haiM aura aura smRti, saMjJA, cintA, abhinibodha ye mana ke nimitta se hote haiN| tathA tat zabda se yaha bhI sUcita kiyA hai ki matijJAna hI inase hotA hai, anya (jJAna) nhiiN| ___zaGkA : pUrva kArikA meM kathita anya matoM kA nirAsa kaunasI avadhAraNA se hotA hai? tathA kisa avadhAraNA ke karane se matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, kumati, kuzruta, vibhaMga jJAna, manaH paryaya Adi jJAnoM kA vyavaccheda hotA hai? isa prakAra prazna hone para AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM-matijJAna indriya aura manase hI utpanna hotA hai, aisI avadhAraNA karane se bauddhoM dvArA svIkRta arthajanya (jJAna artha se utpanna hotA hai isa mAnyatA) kA khaNDana kiyA hai| arthAt-matijJAna indriya aura anindriya se hI utpanna huA hai, anya viSayarUpa artha se janya nhiiN| tathA prathama avadhAraNA se pahale, dUsare, tIsare guNasthAnoM meM hone vAle matiajJAna aura cauthe Adi guNasthAnoM meM hone vAlA zrutajJAna yA avadhijJAna tathA chaThe Adi meM hone vAlA mana:paryayajJAna evaM terahaveM, caudahaveM guNasthAnoM meM yA siddhaparameSThiyoM ke kevalajJAna kA athavA pahale dUsare guNasthAna ke kuzruta, vibhaMgajJAnoM kA nivAraNa kara diyA gayA hai arthAt indriya, anindriya donoM se utpanna hone vAlA eka matijJAna hI hai, anya nahIM // 7 // jo jJAna indriya aura mana ke nimitta se utpanna hotA hai, vaha matijJAna hI hai anya zruta Adi nahIM aura samyagjJAna kA prakaraNa hone se matyajJAna kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| loka meM sarva vijJAna arthajanya hI hai yaha bAta anumAna se siddha hai| ata: koI bhI yathArthajJAna artha se ajanya nahIM hai, jisase ki usa arthajanyapana kA niSedha karane ke lie uttara avadhAraNa kiyA jAya, isa prakAra mAnane vAle bauddhoM ke anumAna kA upakathana kara use dUSita karate hue AcArya kahate haiM - . . arthajanya jJAna kA khaNDana : bauddha kahate haiM ki artha apane se utpanna hue jJAna dvArA jAnane yogya hai-prameya hone se, jaise ki mana / arthAt-mana, indriya ko mana indriyajanya anumAna dvArA hI jAnA jAtA hai| athavA kSayopazama ko kSayopazamajanya jJAna dvArA hI jAnA jAtA hai| parantu jainAcArya kahate haiM ki unakA yaha kahanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai vyabhicAradoSa yukta hai, kyoMki vartamAna kAla ke sampUrNa artha svayaM apane se utpanna hue jJAna dvArA nahIM jAne jAte haiN| jAnane yogya samAnakSaNavartI saMvedana ke dvArA vaha artha nahIM jAnA jA sakatA hai| arthAt-kSaNikavAdiyoM ke
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 270 niHzeSavartamAnArtho na svajanyena srvvit| saMvedanena saMvedyaH samAnakSaNavartinA // 9 // svArthajanyamidaM jJAnaM styjnyaantvtonythaa| viparyAsAdivattasya stytvaanuppttitH||10|| ityapyazeSavidbodhairanaikAMtikamIritaM / sAdhanaM na tato jJAnamarthajanyamiti sthitam // 11 // nanvevamAlokajanyatvamapi jJAnasya cAkSuSasya na syAdiSTaM ca tdnythaanupptteH| parapratyayaH punarAlokaliMgAdiriti vacanAt / tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAttasya tajanyatve'rthajanyatvamapi satyasyAsmadAdijJAnasyAstu vishessaabhaavaat| na caivaM saMzayAdijJAnamaMtareNa virudhyate tasya satyajJAnatvAbhAvAt / matAnusAra jJAna kI utpatti ho jAne para ve kAraNa artha naSTa ho jAte haiN| aisI dazA meM bauddhoM ke yahA~ koI bhI vidyamAna padArtha svajanyajJAna dvArA vedya nahIM ho sktaa| artha ke kAla meM svajanyajJAna nahIM aura jJAnakAla meM artha nahIM rahatA hai| tathA yahA~ svasaMvedana pratyakSa bhI nahIM bana sakegA // 8-9 // ... yaha pratyakSajJAna apane viSayabhUta Alambana arthajanya hai-satyajJAna hone se| anyathA (pratyakSaMjJAna ko arthajanya na mAnane para) viparyaya, saMzaya Adi kujJAnoM ke samAna usa pratyakSa jJAna kA satyapanA nahIM bana sktaa| isa prakAra dUsare anumAna kA hetu bhI sarvajJajJAnoM se vyabhicAra doSayukta hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| arthAt triloka trikAlavartI padArthoM ko jAnane vAle sarvajJa ke jJAna apane Alambana akhila viSayoM se janya nahIM hote hue bhI satyajJAna haiN| jo kArya ke AtmalAbha meM kucha vyApAra karatA hai, vaha kAraNa hotA hai| bhUta, bhaviSya kI paryAyeM jaba jJAnakAla meM vidyamAna hI nahIM haiM, to ve kArya kI utpatti meM sahAyatA nahIM kara sakatI haiM, tathA jJAna ko arthajanya mAnane meM anvayavyabhicAra aura vyatireka vyabhicAra doSa Ate haiM, ataH viSayabhUta artha se janya jJAna nahIM hai, yaha siddhAnta sthita hai| isa prakAra avadhAraNa karane para bauddhamantavya kA vyavaccheda ho jAtA hai||10-11|| arthAt jJAna kI utpatti padArthoM se nahIM hai apitu matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna indriyajanya hai| bauddha kahatA hai-isa prakAra jJAna kI arthajanyatA kA khaNDana karane para cAkSuSaM jJAna kI AlokajanyatA bhI iSTa nahIM hogI parantu naiyAyikoM aura vaizeSikoM ne anyathAnupapatti se jJAna ko Aloka se janya abhISTa kiyA hai (jJeya artha ke sAtha tejasa Aloka kA sambandha hue binA cakSuindriyajanya pratyakSa kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai), tathA granthoM meM bhI kahA hai ki "Aloka, liGga, zabda Adi bhI jJAna kI utpatti ke kAraNa haiN|" yadi Aloka ke sAtha usa jJAna kA anvayavyatireka anuvidhAna hai, va cAkSuSapratyakSa kA usa Aloka se janyapanA mAnoge, taba to arthajanyapanA bhI hama logoM ke satyajJAnoM ke ho sakatA hai| jJAna ke sAtha anvayavyatireka ke anuvidhAna kI apekSA Aloka aura artha meM koI antara nahIM hai| ___ isa prakAra artha ke binA bhI utpanna saMzaya, viparyaya Adi jJAna dekhe jAte haiN| yaha viruddha nahIM hai, kyoMki una saMzaya Adi ko satyajJAnapana kA abhAva hai tathA hetu kA sarvajJajJAna ke sAtha vyabhicAra doSa bhI nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki hamane hama, tuma Adi laukika jIvoM ke samyagjJAna kA satyajJAnapanA hetu mAnA hai| sarvajJa kA jJAna hama sarIkhe vyavahArIjanoM se vilakSaNa hai ataH sarvajJoM kA jJAna arthajanya nahIM hai| una mahAn
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 271 nApi sarvavidvodhairanaikAMtikatvamasmadAdisatyajJAnatvasya hetutvaat| asmadAdivilakSaNAnAM tu sarvavidAM jJAnaM cArthAjanyaM nizcityAsmadAdijJAnejanyatvazaMkAyAM naktaMcarANAM mArjArAdInAmaMjanAdisaMskRtacakSuSAM vAsmadvijAtIyAnAmAlokAjanyatvamupalabhyAsmadAdInAmapi nArthavedanasyAlokAjanyatvaM zaMkanIyamiti kazcit taM pratyAha;AlokenApi janyatve nAlaMbanatayA vidH| kiMtviMdriyabalAdhAnamAtratvenAnumanyate // 12 // tathArthajanyatApISTA kAlAkAzAditattvavat / sAlaMbanatayA tvartho janakaH pratiSidhyate // 13 // idamiha saMpradhArya kimasmadAdisatyajJAnatvenAloko nimittamAtraM cAkSuSajJAnasyeti pratipAdyate kAlAkAzAdivat AhosvidAlaMbanatveneti ? prathamakalpanAyAM na kiMcidaniSTaM dvitIyakalpanA tu na yuktA puruSoM ke jJAna meM artha se ajanyapane kA nizcaya karake hama logoM ke jJAnoM meM bhI artha se nahIM utpanna hone kI zaMkA karane para to rAtri meM yatheccha vicarane vAle billI, siMha, ulUka Adi pazu-pakSiyoM yA aMjana, maMtra, pizAca Adi kAraNoM se saMskArayukta cakSuoM vAle manuSyoM, jo ki hama logoM se bhinna jAti vAle haiM, una jIvoM ke cAkSuSa pratyakSa ko Aloka se ajanyapanA dekhakara asmat Adi ke bhI arthapratyakSa ko Aloka se ajanyapanA sambhava hai, aisI zaMkA bhI nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki, vaha sarvajJa hama logoM se atizayayukta jJAna kA dhArI hai| isa prakAra koI bauddha vAdI kaha rahA hai| isake samAdhAna meM AcArya kahate haiM__ Aloka dvArA bhI jJAna kA janyapanA mAnane para AlambanarUpa se Aloka ko jJAna ke prati kAraNatA nahIM hai| kintu katipaya cakSuindriyoM ko bala prApta karA dene mAtra se kAla, AkAza Adi tattvoM ke samAna Aloka ko bhI nimitta mAnA jA sakatA hai| tathA usI prakAra balAdhAyakarUpa se jJAna meM arthajanyapanA bhI iSTa kara liyA jAtA hai| prameyatvaguNa kA yoga hone se arthoM kA apane-apane kAla meM sadbhAva rahanA mAtra jJAna kA balAdhAyaka bana sakatA hai kintu sAlambanarUpa se artha kI janakatA niSedha kI gaI hai| arthAt-jJAna kA jJeya ke sAtha viSayaviSayI bhAva ke atirikta koI kAryakAraNa AdhAra AdheyabhAva sambandha nahIM hai||1213|| yahA~ yaha vicAra kara nirNaya karane yogya hai ki hama laukika jIvoM ke satyajJAna ke dvArA Aloka cAkSuSa pratyakSa kA kAla, AkAza Adi ke samAna kevala nimitta kAraNa hai athavA Aloka ko cakSu indriyajanya pratyakSa kA AlambanarUpa kAraNa hai? prathama pakSa kI kalpanA karane para to hama jainoM ko koI aniSTa nahIM hai arthAt sampUrNa kAryoM meM jaise kAla, AkAza Adi padArtha apreraka hokara nimittakAraNa haiM, vaise hI manuSya Adi ke cAkSuSa jJAna kA Aloka bhI sAmAnya nimitta hai| dvitIya pakSa kI kalpanA karanA yuktipUrNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha pratItiyoM ke viruddha hai| mArjAra, vyAghra Adi jIvoM ke cAkSuSa pratyakSa meM Aloka kAraNa nahIM hai| manda teja ko dhArane vAlI cakSuoM se yukta manuSya Adi ko rUpa ke jJAna kI utpatti karane meM cakSu kA balAdhAnarUpa karake Aloka kAraNa pratIta ho rahA hai arthAt hama sarIkhe kucha jIvoM kI cakSu indriyA~ rUpa ke jJAna ko taba utpanna karatI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 272 pratItivirodhAt / rUpajJAnotpattau hi cakSurbalAdhAnarUpeNAlokaH kAraNaM pratIyate tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnasyAnyathAnupapatteH tadvadarthopi yadAdyakSaNajJAnasya janakaH syAnna kiMcidvirudhyate tasyAlaMbanatvena janakatvopagame vyaaghaataat| AlaMbanaM hyAlaMbanatvaM grAhyatvaM prakAzyatvamucyate taccArthasya prakAzakasamAnakAlasya dRSTaM yathA pradIpaH svprkaashsy| na hi prakAzyorthaH svaprakAzakaM pradIpamupajanayati svakAraNakalApAdeva tsyopjnnaat| prakAzyasyAbhAve prakAzakasya prkaashktvaayogaat| sa tasya janaka iti cet, prakAzakasyAbhAve prakAzyasyApi prkaashytvaaghttnaat| sa tasya jnkostu| tathA cAnyonyAzrayaNaM prakAzyAnupapattau prakAzakAnupapattestadanutpattau ca prkaashyaanutpttiriti| yadi punaH svakAraNakalApAdutpannayoH haiM jabaki una cakSuoM ko Aloka dvArA bala prApta ho jAtA hai| anyathA (yadi asmadAdikoM ke rUpajJAna kI utpatti meM balAdhAyaka rUpa karake Aloka ko kAraNa nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) cAkSuSa jJAna kA usa Aloka ke sAtha anvaya, vyatireka kA anuvidhAna karanA nahIM bana sakegA ki Aloka ke hone para cakSu dvArA divAcaroM ko rUpajJAna hotA hai aura Aloka ke nahIM hone para mandatejodhArI cakSu se rUpajJAna nahIM ho pAtA hai ata: rUpajJAna kA kAraNa balAdhAyakapane se Aloka ho sakatA hai| arthAt rUpajJAna ke mukhya kAraNa cakSuoM meM se kucha cakSuoM kI sahAyatA kara detA hai| usa Aloka ke samAna hI yadi artha ko bhI Adya samaya ke jJAna kA janaka kahoge taba to koI virodha nahIM hai parantu usa artha ko jJAna kA Alambana karake janakapanA mAnane para to vyAghAta doSa AtA hai arthAt jJAna kA viSayabhUta artha apanA jJAna utpanna karAne meM pradhAna hokara avalamba nahIM detA hai| Alambana kA artha AlambanapanA, jAnane yogyapanA, prakAzita hone yogyapanA kahA jAtA hai| aisA vaha AlambanapanA to prakAzaka jJAna yA pradIpa, sUrya Adi ke samAnakAla meM sthita artha kA dekhA jAtA hai; jaise ki apane prakAza kA Alambana kAraNa pradIpa hai| jo prakAzita hone yogya artha hai, vaha apane prakAza karane vAle pradIpa ko utpanna nahIM karAtA hai| kintu apane vartI, tela Adi kAraNa samudAya se hI usa dIpaka kI utpatti ho jAtI hai ataH artha yA Aloka ko jJAna kA kAraNa-kAraNa kaha sakate ho, kintu jJAna kA Alambana kAraNa artha hai, aisA nahIM kaha sakate haiN| prakAzane yogya artha ke nahIM hone para prakAzaka kI prakAzakatA kA yoga nahIM hai ata: vaha artha usa prakAzaka kA utpAdaka kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai| isa prakAra anvaya, vyatireka banAkara bauddha ke kahane para to prakAzaka ke na hone para prakAzya artha kI prakAzyatA bhI nahIM ghaTita hotI hai ataH vaha prakAzaka bhI usa prakAzya kA janaka ho sakatA hai aura aisA hone para anyonyAzraya doSa A jAtA hai ki prakAzya ke na hone para prakAzaka nahIM banatA hai aura usa prakAzaka ke nahIM hone para artha kA prakAzyapanA asiddha ho jAtA hai| yadi phira bauddha kahe ki svakIya kAraNa kalApoM se utpanna pradIpa aura ghaTa ko svarUpa se utpanna honA svIkAra kiyA hai, kintu pradIpa meM prakAzapanA aura ghaTa meM prakAzyapanA dharma paraspara avinAbhAva rakhate hue eka dUsare kI apekSA vAle hote hai, ataH anyonyAzraya hone para bhI unameM anyonyAzraya doSa kA abhAva mAnA gayA hai| taba to usI prakAra apanI-apanI sAmagrI ke bala ke utpanna jJAna aura jJeya arthoM kA bhI svarUpa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 273 pradIpaghaTayoH svarUpatobhyupagamAdanyonyApekSau prakAzakatvaprakAzyatvadharmoM parasparAvinAbhAvinau bhaviSyete tathAnyonyAzrayaNAttadabhAvAjjJAnArthayorapi svasAmagrIbalAdupajAtayo: svarUpeNa parasparApekSayA grAhyagrAhakabhAvadharmavyavasthA sthIyatAM tathA pratIteravizeSAt / taduktaM / "dharmadharmyavinAbhAvaH sidhytynyonyviikssyaa| na svarUpaM svato hyetatkArakajJApakAditi" tato jJAnasyAlaMbanaM cedartho na janaka: janakazcennAlaMbanaM virodhAt / pUrvakAlabhAvyartho jJAnasya kAraNaM samAnakAlaH sa evAlaMbanaM tasya kSaNikatvAditi cet na hi, yadA janakastadAlaMbanamiti kathamAlaMbanatvena janakorthaH saMvida: syAt / pUrvakAla evArtho janako ke dvArA paraspara kI apekSA se grAhya grAhakapana dharma kI vyavasthA kA zraddhAna kara lenA cAhie kyoMki usa prakAra pratIti hone kA koI antara nahIM hai| arthAt pitA aura putra ke zarIroM kI utpatti parasparApekSa nahIM hai parantu pitApana aura putrapana yaha vyavahAra hI eka dUsare kI apekSA rakhane vAlA hai| isI prakAra dIpa, ghaTa, jJAna, jJeya, ina padArthoM kI utpatti to svakIya niyata kAraNoM se hI hotI hai| kintu ApekSika dharma eka dUsare kI sahAyatA se vyavahata ho jAte haiN| ata: kArakapakSa kA anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM AtA hai aura jJApaka pakSa kA bhI paraspara Azraya doSa nahIM hotA hai| kevala vyavahAra paraspara kI apekSA se kara liyA jAtA hai| zrI samantabhadra AcArya bhagavAn ne bhI devAgama stotra meM kahA hai ki dharma aura dharmiyoM kA avinAbhAva to paraspara kI apekSA karake hI siddha hotA hai| kintu unakA svarUpalAbha anyonyApekSa nahIM hai kyoMki dharma aura dharmI padArthoM kA svarUpa pahale se hI svakIya pRthak-pRthak kAraNoM dvArA nirmita hai| jaise ki kAraka ke avayava kartA, karma, karaNa Adi pahale se hI niSpanna hai| phira bhI kisI vivakSita kriyA kI apekSA se unameM karttApana, karmapana kA vyavahAra siddha kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra jJApaka ke avayava pramANa, prameyoM kA svarUpa bhI svata: siddha hai parantu jJApyajJApaka vyavahAra hI paraspara kI apekSA rakhane vAlA hai| aise hI vAcya artha aura vAcaka zabda kA svarUpa lAbha apane-apane kAraNoM dvArA pUrva meM hI sthita hai| kevala aisA vyavahAra anyonyAzrita hai, ata: yaha siddha hotA hai ki yadi jJAna kA viSayabhUta Alambana artha mAnA jAyegA to vaha artha apane jJAna kA utpAdaka nahIM ho sakatA tathA artha ko yadi jJAna kA janaka kahoge to vaha artha jJAna kA Alambana nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki isameM virodha hai| arthAt indriya, adRSTa, Adi padArtha ghaTa jJAna ke kAraNa haiM kintu viSaya nahIM, aura cirabhUta kAla ke padArtha smaraNa meM Alambana haiM, kintu smaraNa ke avyavahita pUrvasamayavartI hokara utpAdaka kAraNa nahIM hai| bauddha : pUrvakAla meM sthita artha jJAna kA kAraNa hai aura vahI artha vartamAna samAnakAla meM usa.jJAna kA Alambana ho jAtA hai, kyoMki vaha artha kSaNika hai ata: dUsare kSaNaM meM A nahIM sakatA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM isa prakAra bauddhoM ke kahane para to jisa samaya vaha kSaNika artha jJAna kA janaka ho rahA hai, taba to Alambana nahIM hai aura jaba naSTa ho cukA artha Alambana mAnA hai, usa samaya vaha janaka nahIM hai| aisI dazA meM AlambanarUpa se vaha artha jJAna kA janaka kaise ho sakegA?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 274 jJAnasyAlaMbanaM ca svAkArArpaNakSamatvAditi vacanamayuktaM samAnArthasamanaMtarajJAnena vybhicaaraat| na tvAlaMbanatvena yo janakaH svAkArArpaNakSamazca sa grAhyo jJAnasya na punaH samanaMtaratvenAdhipatitvena vA yato vyabhicAra iti ceditraashryprsNgaat| satyAlaMbanatvena janakatverthasya jJAnAlaMbanatvaM sati ca tasminnAlaMbanatvena jnktvmiti| svAkArArpaNakSamatvavizeSaNaM caivamanarthakaM syAdAlambanatvena janakasya grAhyatvAvyabhicArAt / paramANunA vyabhicAra ityapi na zreya: paramANorekasyAlaMbanatvena jJAnajanakatvAsaMbhavAt / saMcitAlaMbanA: paMcavijJAnakAyA iti vcnaat| avyavahita pUrvakSaNa meM hI rahane vAlA artha jJAna kA janaka hai, aura jJAna ke lie apane AkAra ko arpaNa karane meM samartha hone ke kAraNa Alambana bhI hai| isa prakAra tadutpatti aura tAdrUpya donoM kA kathana karanA to yuktirahita hai, kyoMki samAna artha ke avyavahita uttaravartI jJAna ke dvArA vyabhicAra AtA hai| arthAt jJAna artha kA niyAmaka hai| jJAna, jJAna kA vyavasthApaka nahIM hai| dIpaka se pradIpAntara kI vyavasthA nahIM karAI jAtI hai sabhI jJAna apane svataMtra niyAmaka haiN| zaMkA : jo Alambana rUpa se jJAna kA janaka hai, aura apane AkAra ko arpaNa karane meM dakSa hai, vaha padArtha jJAna ke dvArA grAhya hotA hai kintu avyavahitapUrva meM (jJAna ke avyavahita pUrvakSaNa meM) sthita kisI padArtha ko jJAna kI grAhyatA prApta nahIM hai| tathA jJAna ke adhipatitva dvArA bhI grAhyatA nahIM hai| arthAt jo jJAna kA sarvatra svataMtra adhiSThAtA hai, vaha bhI jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai jisase ki samAna artha yA cakSu Adi se vyabhicAra ho sakatA hai| samAdhAna : isa kathana meM to anyonyAzraya doSa hone kA prasaMga AtA hai, kyoMki Alambana ke dvArA artha kA janakapanA siddha ho jAne para to artha ko jJAna kA AlambanapanA aura artha ko jJAna kA AlambanapanA siddha hone para Alambanatva ke dvArA janakatva siddha hotA hai ata: yaha anyonyAzraya doSa hai| athavA, jJAna ke viSayabhUta artha ko hI yadi jJAna kA janakapanA svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai to "apane AkAra ko jJAna ke lie arpaNa karane meM sannaddha" yaha vizeSaNa lagAnA vyartha hotA hai kyoMki jJAna ke Alambana hokara jo padArtha janaka haiM ve grAhyapana kA vyabhicAra nahIM karate haiN| bhAvArtha : jJAna kA Alambana hokara jo jJAna kA janaka hotA hai, vaha jJAna dvArA grAhya avazya hotA hai| phira jJAna kI viSayatA kA niyama karane ke lie apane AkAra ko jJAna ke lie samarpaNa karane kI zakti rakhanA, yaha grAhya viSaya kA vizeSaNa kyoM lagAyA jAtA hai ? bauddha kahate haiM ki yaha vizeSaNa lagAnA vyartha nahIM hai| anyathA paramANu se vyabhicAra AtA hai| arthAt kSaNika, asAdhAraNa, paramANu vastubhUta haiM aura jJAna kI utpatti meM Alambana hokara janaka haiM kintu jJAna kA viSaya nahIM haiM, kyoMki ve paramANu jJAna ke lie apane AkAroM kA samarpaNa nahIM kara sakatI haiM ataH svAkArArpaNakSama vizeSaNa denA saphala hai| granthakAra kahate haiM ki isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kathana bhI zreSTha nahIM hai, kyoMki Alambana se jJAna kA janakapanA eka paramANu ke asambhava hai| aneka paramANu ekatrita hokara jaba rUpaskandha, vedanAskandha, vijJAnaskandha, saMjJAskandha, saMskAra skandha-ye vijJAna ke pA~ca kAya bana jAte haiM, taba jJAna ke Alambana hote haiN| isa prakAra bauddha granthoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 275 pratyekaM paramANUnAmAlaMbanatve na te buddhigocarA iti grNthvirodhaat| tarhi yodhipatisamanaMtarAlaMbanatvenAjanako nimittamAtratvena janakaH svAkArArpaNakSamaH svasaMvedanasya grAhyostvavyabhicArAditi cenna, tasyAsaMbhavAt / na hi saMvedanasyAdhipatyAdivyatiriktonyaH prtyyosti| tatsAmAnyamastIti cet na, tasyAvastutvenopagamAjanakatvavirodhAt / vastutve tasya tato(taratve tadeva grAhyaM syAnna punarartho nIlAdirhetutvasAmAnyajanakanIlAdyartho grAhyaH saMvedanasyeti bruvANaH kathaM janaka eva grAhya iti vyavasthApayet / tato na pUrvakAlorthaH saMvido graahyH| kiM tarhi samAnasamaya eveti pratipattavyaM / nanvevaM yogivijJAnaM zrutajJAnaM meM kahA gayA hai| tathA bauddha aneka paramANuoM meM se eka nyArI paramANu ko yadi jJAna kA Alambana kAraNa mAneMge to ve alaga-alaga paramANu buddhi ke viSaya nahIM haiN|' isa grantha se svayaM bauddhoM ko virodha hogA ataH svAkAra ko arpaNa karane kelie samartha rahanA yaha vizeSaNa vyartha ho jAtA hai| ___ bauddha kahate haiM ki taba to yoM kaha denA acchA hai ki jo padArtha jJAna ke adhipatitva dvArA aura avyavahita pUrvavartIdvArA tathA viSayabhUta Alambana dvArA jJAna kA janaka nahIM hai, kintu jJAna kA kevala nimitta kAraNa bana jAne se janaka ho rahA hai, aura apane AkAra ko jJAna ke prati arpaNa karane ke lie taiyAra hai, vaha padArtha saMvedana dvArA grAhya ho jAtA hai| aisA niyama karane meM koI vyabhicAra doSa nahIM AtA hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki uparyukta kathana ucita nahIM hai kyoMki usakA aisA honA asambhava hai| adhipati yA samanantara athavA Alambanapana ke atirikta koI anya kAraNa samvedana ko utpanna karAne meM sambhava nahIM hai| jo padArtha una tIna rUpoM se janaka nahIM hai, vaha padArtha jJAna kA kaise bhI utpAdaka nahIM ho sakatA hai| phira bhI bauddha kahate haiM ki jJAna ke adhipati kAraNa AtmA, indriya Adi haiM, aura jJAna kA samanantara kAraNa to avyavahita pUrvakSaNavartI jJAna paryAya hai, jo ki upAdAna kAraNa mAnI gaI hai| tathA jJAna kA Alambana kAraNa to jJeyaviSaya hai| ina tIna ke atirikta bhI una tInoM meM rahane vAlA eka sAmAnya padArtha hai| vaha jJAna kA janaka bana jaaegaa| granthakAra kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki bauddhoM ne sAmAnya ko avastubhUta svIkAra kiyA hai| jo vastubhUta nahIM hai usako utpatti rUpa kriyA kA janakapanA viruddha hai| yadi usa sAmAnya ko vastubhUta mAnate haiM to una tIna kAraNoM se bhinna arthAntarabhUta vaha sAmAnya hI jJAna ke dvArA grahaNa karane yogya hotA hai phira nIla Adi svalakSaNarUpa artha to jJAna kA grAhya nahIM ho skaa| isa para bhI bauddha yadi isa prakAra kahe ki jJAna kA janaka sAmAnya hai aura hetutvarUpa sAmAnya kA janaka nIlAdika artha hai, jo ki samvedana kA grAhya ho jAtA hai taba to bauddha jJAna kA janaka padArtha hI grAhya hotA hai, isa bAta kI kaise vyavasthA karA sakegA ? ataH pUrvakAla meM sthita artha jJAna ke dvArA grAhya nahIM ho sakatA hai| zaMkA : kauna se samaya kA padArtha jJAna kA grAhya hai? samAdhAna : jJAna ke samAna kAla meM rahane vAlA hI padArtha grAhya hotA hai, yaha samajha lenA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 276 smRtipratyabhijJAdi vA kathamasamAnakAlArthaparicchidiH siddhyediti cet, samAnasamayameva grAhyaM saMvedanasyeti niymaabhaavaat| akSajJAnaM hi svasamayavartinamarthaM paricchinatti svayogyatAvizeSaniyamAdyathA smRtiranubhUtamAtraM pUrvameva pratyabhijJAtItavartamAnaparyAyavRttyekaM padaM ciMtA trikAlasAdhyasAdhanavyAptiM svArthAnumAnaM trikAlamanumeyaM zrutajJAnaM trikAlagocarAnaMtavyaMjanaparyAyAtmakAn bhAvAn avadhiratItavartamAnAnAgataM ca rUpidravyaM mana:paryayo'tItAnAgatAn vartamAnAMzcArthAn paramanogatAn, kevalaM sarvadravyaparyAyAniti vkssytegrtH|| jJAna ke utpAdaka kAraNa to pUrvakSaNavartI padArtha hI ho sakate haiM parantu jJAna kA viSaya samAnakAlavartI hI hai| zaMkA : samAna samaya vAle padArthoM ko hI yadi jJAna kA viSaya mAnA jAyegA, to yogI sarvajJa ke vijJAna vartamAna jJAna ke asamAna kAlIna bhUta, bhaviSya padArthoM ko pratyakSa jAnane vAle kaise siddha hoMge? athavA bhUta, bhaviSyat, vartamAna, trikAlavartI padArthoM ko parokSa jAnane vAlA Agamajanya jJAna kaise sadha sakegA? tathA smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, vyAptijJAna Adi bhUta, bhaviSyakAlIna padArthoM ko jAnane vAle kaise mAne jAveMge? samAdhAna : samAna samayavartI hI padArtha samvedana ke dvArA grAhya hote haiM, aisA niyama hama nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki apane AvaraNa karmoM kI kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA ke vizeSa niyama se aisA vyavasthita hone se indriyajanyajJAna to niyama se apane samaya meM hI rahane vAle artha ko jAnatA hai| arthAt indriyajanyajJAna bhUta, bhaviSyakAla ke arthoM ko nahIM jAna sakate haiM ataH cakSu, rasanA Adi se vartamAnakAla meM varta rahe, rUpa, rasa, rUpavAna, rasavAna Adi padArtha hI jAne jAte haiN| jisa prakAra ki smaraNajJAna apanI kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA ke anusAra pUrva meM anubhUta kevala bhUtakAla ke arthoM ko jAnatA hai, tathA pratyabhijJAna bhUtaM aura vartamAna kAla kI paryAyoM meM sthita eka padArtha ko jAnatA hai| athavA vartamAnakAla ke sAdRzya, dUrapana, sthUlapana Adi arthoM ko bhI jAnatA hai| tathA ciMtAjJAna tInoM kAla ke sAdhya aura sAdhanoM kA upasaMhAra kara avinAbhAva saMbaMdha ko jAna letA hai| evaM svArthAnumAna kAlatrayavartI anumeya padArthoM ko parokSarUpa se jAna letA hai| isI prakAra Apta vAkyajanya zrutajJAna yA anakSarAtmaka avAcya zrutajJAna to atyantaparokSa bhI tIna kAla meM varta rahe saMkhyAta asaMkhyAta ananta vyaMjanaparyAyasvarUpa bhAvoM ko avizada rUpa se jAna letA hai| avadhijJAna apane yogya bhUta, bhaviSya, vartamAna tInoM kAla ke rUpIdravyoM ko pratyakSarUpa se viSaya kara letA hai aura mana:paryayajJAna to apane aura parAye mana meM sthita atIta, anAgata, vartamAna kAla ke arthoM ko vizadarUpa se jAnatA hai| tathA sarvottama kevalajJAna trikAlavartI sampUrNa dravya aura paryAyoM ko ativizadarUpa se jAnatA hai| isa prakaraNa kA zrI umA svAmI mahArAja agrima sUtra dvArA spaSTa nirUpaNa kreNge|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 277 tato nAkAraNaM vitterviSayostIti durghaTam / yaM rUpasyApravedyatvApatteH kAraNatAM vinA // 14 // saMvedanasya nAkAraNaM viSaya iti niyame svarUpasyApravedyatvamakAraNatvAt tadvadvartamAnAnAgatAnAmatItAnAM cA'kAraNAnAM yogijJAnAviSayatvaM prsjyte|| asvasaMvedyavijJAnavAdI pUrvaM niraakRtH| parokSajJAnavAdI cetyalaM saMkathayAnayA // 15 // tata: sUktamidamuttarAvadhAraNaM paramatAlaMbanajanyatvavyavacchedArthaM sUtre pUrvaM tu matyajJAnAdinivRttyarthaM saMjJipaMceMdriyajameveti tadeveMdriyAnidriyanimittamucyate / saMjJipaMceMdriyANAM mithyAdRzAM ata: yaha siddha huA ki jJAna kA viSaya jJAna kA kAraNa nahIM hai| bauddhoM kA yaha kahanA ki "nAkAraNaM viSayaH" -jJAna kA jo kAraNa nahIM hai, vaha jJAna kA viSaya nahIM hai| yaha mantavya kaise bhI ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki, kAraNa binA bhI jJAna kA svakIyarUpa anubhava meM A rahA hai| yadi jJAna ke kAraNa ko hI jJAna kA viSaya mAnA jAyegA to jJAna ke svarUpa ke vedyatva nahIM hone kA prasaMga AegA jo ki bauddhoM ko iSTa nahIM hai| arthAt bauddhoM ne jJAna kA svasamvedana pratyakSa honA svIkAra kiyA hai, aura svayaM hI sva kA kAraNa ho nahIM sakatA hai| "naikaM svasmAt prajAyate" // 14 // samvedana kA jo utpAdaka kAraNa nahIM hai, vaha samvedana kA viSaya nahIM hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM dvArA niyama karane para to jJAna kesvarUpa ko asamvedyapanA prApta hogA, kyoMki jJAna kI utpatti meM jJAna to svayaM kAraNa nahIM hotA hai| yadi kAraNa nahIM hone para bhI jJAna kA svasamvedana pratyakSa dvArA viSaya honA mAna loge to usI ke samAna vartamAna, bhaviSya aura atIta kAla ke padArthoM ko yogIjJAna ke viSaya nahIM hone kA prasaMga AegA, kyoMki ve trikAlavartI padArtha yogIjJAna ke utpAdaka kAraNa nahIM ho sake haiN| jo kArya kI utpatti meM sahAyaka hokara arthakriyA ko kara rahe haiM ve avyavahita pUrvakSaNa ke padArtha to kAraNa mAne jAte haiM anya nhiiN| - jo asvasaMvedyavAdI naiyAyika jJAna kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa honA nahIM kahate haiM, unakA pUrva prakaraNoM meM nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai, tathA jJAna ko sarvathA parokSa mAnane vAle mImAMsaka vAdI ke mantavya kA bhI vizada rUpa se khaNDana kara diyA hai ata: jJAna kA svasamvedana pratyakSa hone ke siddhAnta meM vyartha vighna DAlane vAle kathana karane se kyA prayojana hai?||15|| ataH zrI vidyAnanda AcArya ne yaha bahuta acchA kahA hai ki "tadindriyAnindriya nimittm|" isa sUtra meM anukta bhI donoM evakAra umAsvAmI mahArAja ko abhipreta hai| usameM vaha matijJAna indriya anindriyoM se hI utpanna hotA hai| __ yaha vidheya dala kA uttara avadhAraNa to anyamati bauddhoM ke mantavyAnusAra jJAna kA Alambana viSaya se utpanna hone kA vyavaccheda karane ke lie diyA gayA hai aura vaha matijJAna hI indriya anindriyarUpa nimittoM se utpanna hotA hai| yaha pahalI avadhAraNA to matiajJAna, zrutajJAna Adi kI nivRtti karane ke lie hai| vaha matijJAna saMjJI paMcendriya jIvoM ke hI utpanna hotA hai ata: vaha matijJAna hI indriya aura anindriya nimittoM se utpanna huA kahA jAtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 278 matyajJAnamapIMdriyAniMdriyanimittamasti tasya kuto vyavacchedaH smygdhikaaraat| tata evAsaMjJipaMceMdriyAMtAnAM matyajJAnasya vyavacchedostu tarhi zrutavyavacchedArthaM pUrvAvadhAraNaM tsyaaniNdriymaatrnimitttvaat| tathA mithyAdRzAM darzanamohopahatamaniMdriyaM sadapyasatkalpaneti vivakSAyAM tadvedanamiMdriyajameveti matyajJAnaM sarvata ubhayanimittaM tatastadvyavacchedArthaM ca yuktaM puurvaavdhaarnnm|| avgrhehaavaaydhaarnnaaH|| 15 // ____kimarthamidamucyate na tAvattanmatibhedAnAM kathanArthaM matiH smRtyAdisUtreNa kathanAt / nApi materajJAtabhedakathanArthaM pramANAMtaratvaprasaMgAditi manyamAnaM pratyucyate; zaMkA : saMjJI paMcendriya mithyAdRSTi jIvoM ke bhI to mati ajJAna utpanna hone meM indriya aura anindriya nimitta hote haiM, to phira usa mati ajJAna kA pahalI avadhAraNA se vyavaccheda kaise ho sakatA hai? .. samAdhAna : pUrva sUtroM se yahA~ samyak zabda kA adhikAra calA A rahA hai| mithyAdRSTiyoM kA jJAna samIcIna nahIM hai, tathA mithyAdRSTiyoM ke indriya, anindriya bhI samyak nahIM haiM isalie mithyAdRSTiyoM ke jJAna kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| zaMkA : samyak kA adhikAra hone se hI ekendriya ko Adi lekara asaMjJI paMcendriyaparyanta jIvoM ke mati ajJAna kA vyavaccheda ho jAtA hai| arthAt samyagdarzana nahIM hone se asaMjJIparyanta jIvoM kA jJAna : samyagjJAna nahIM hai ataH pahalA evakAra vyartha hai? samAdhAna : zrutajJAna ke vyavaccheda ke lie pahalI avadhAraNA raho, kyoMki vaha zrutajJAna kevala manarUpa nimitta se hI utpanna hotA hai| mithyAdRSTi jIvoM kA darzanamohanIya karma ke udaya se vidyamAna bhI mana avidyamAna sadRza hai| isa prakAra vivakSA karane para vaha mithyAdRSTiyoM kA jJAna indriyajanya hI hai ataH sabhI saMjJI asaMjJI jIvoM ke mati ajJAnoM meM se koI bhI mati ajJAna donoM indriya anindriyarUpaM nimittoM se utpanna nahIM huA hai| aisA nahIM hai tathApi samyak pada se unakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai ata: usa matiajJAna kA vyavaccheda karane ke lie pahalI avadhAraNA karanA yuktipUrNa hai| yadyapi mati ajJAna bhI indriya aura mana ke nimitta se utpanna hotA hai parantu yahA~ samyak jJAna kA prakaraNa hone se unakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| aba zrI umA svAmI matijJAna ke bhedoM kA nirUpaNa karane ke lie sUtra kahate haiM avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA-ye cAra matijJAna ke bheda haiM arthAt pUrvasUtrAnusAra indriya aura mana se ye cAroM matijJAna hote haiM // 15 // ___ zaMkA : 'avagrahehAvAyadhAraNA:' yaha sUtra kisa prayojana ke lie kahA gayA hai ? matijJAna ke bhedoM ko kahane ke lie yaha sUtra nahIM hai kyoMki matijJAna ke bheda to 'mati:smRti: saMjJAciMtAbhinibodha ityanarthAntaram' isa sUtra dvArA kahe jA cuke haiM, tathA isa sUtra kA yaha prayojana bhI nahIM hai, ki matijJAna ke aba taka nahIM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 279 matijJAnasya nirNItaprakArasyaikazo vide| bhidAmavagrahetyAdisUtramAhAviparyayam // 1 // matijJAnasya nirNItAH prakArA matismRtyAdayasteSAM pratyekaM bhedAnAM vittyaivsuutrmidmaarbhyte| yathaiva hIMdriyamanomateH smRtyAdibhyaH pUrvamavagrahAdayo bhedAstathAniMdriyanimittAyA apIti prasiddha siddhaaNte|| kiMlakSaNAH punaravagrahAdaya ityAha;akSArthayogajAdvastumAtragrahaNalakSaNAt / jAtaM yadvastubhedasya grahaNaM tadavagrahaH // 2 // tadgRhItArthasAmAnye yadvizeSasya kAMkSaNam / nizcayAbhimukhaM sehA saMzIterbhinnalakSaNA // 3 // jAne jA cuke bhedoM ko kaha diyA jaae| arthAt matijJAna ke ajJAta bhedoM kA kathana karane ke lie bhI yaha sUtra nahIM kahA gayA hai, kyoMki aisA kahane para avagraha Adi ko matijJAna se.pRthak anya pramANa kA prasaMga AtA hai| isa prakAra se mana meM mAnane vAle ke prati AcArya dvArA samAdhAna kiyA jAtA hai - mati, smRti Adi prakAra nirNIta kara diye gaye haiM jisake, aise matijJAna ke eka eka bheda ko samajhAne ke lie umAsvAmI mahArAja ne zrotAoM kI viparIta buddhi kA abhAva karane ke lie avagrahehAvAyadhAraNA:' isa sUtra ko kahA hai||1|| ___ matijJAna ke mati, smRti, saMjJA, ciMtA, svArthAnumAna, pratibhA, arthApatti Adi prakAroM kA pUrva sUtra meM nirNaya kiyA jA cukA hai| una prakAroM ke pratyeka bheda kA jJAna karAne ke lie hI isa sUtra ko kahA gayA hai| jisa prakAra indriya aura mana se utpanna huI mati ke smRti Adi prakAroM se pahale avagraha, IhA, avAya Adika bheda utpanna hote haiM, usI prakAra kevala manarUpa nimitta se hI utpanna huI mati ke bhI pUrva meM avagraha Adi bheda utpanna hote haiN| aisA jaina siddhAnta meM prasiddha hai| bhAvArtha : jisa prakAra anumAna ke pahale vyAptijJAna, vyAptijJAna ke pahale pratyabhijJAna, pratyabhijJAna ke pahale smRtijJAna, smRti ke pahale dhAraNA, dhAraNA ke pahale avAya, avAya ke pahale IhA, IhA ke pUrva * meM avagraha-ye samyagjJAna hote haiN| yadyapi avagraha ke pahale kadAcit nirvikalpaka AlocanAtmaka darzana hotA hai| phira bhI samyagjJAna kA prakaraNa hone se unako yahA~ ginAyA nahIM hai| . phira una avagraha, IhA Adi kA nirdoSa lakSaNa kyA ho sakatA hai? isa prakAra jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM viSaya aura viSayI (artha aura sparzanAdi indriyoM) ke saMyoga se vastu kI sAmAnya mahAsattA kA Alocana karanA (vastu kI sattA mAtra kA avalokana karanA) svarUpa darzana upayoga ke anantara avAntara sattAvAlI vastu ke vizeSa bheda ko grahaNa karane vAlA jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai, vaha avagraha nAma kA matijJAna hai||2|| _____ usa avagraha se grahaNa kiye hue sAmAnya artha meM jo vizeSa aMzoM ke nizcaya karane ke lie abhimukha AkAMkSArUpa jJAna hai, usako IhA kahate haiN| vaha IhA jJAna saMzayAtmakajJAna se bhinna lakSaNavAlA hai arthAt saMzaya meM to viruddha do tIna Adi koTiyoM kA sparza hotA rahatA hai kinta IhAjJAna meM eka koTi kA hI nizcaya karane ke lie utsukatA pAI jAtI hai, jaise ki "yaha manuSya dakSiNa dezavAsI honA cAhie" // 3 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 280 tasyaiva nirNayo'vAya: smRtihetuH sA dhaarnnaa| iti pUrvoditaM sarvaM matijJAnaM caturvidham // 4 // sAmAnAdhikaraNyaM tu tdevaavgrhaadyH| taditi prAksUtratacchabdasaMbaMdhAdiha yujyate // 5 // tadiMdriyAniMdriyanimittamityatra pUrvasUtre yattadgrahaNaM tasyeha saMbaMdhAtsAmAnAdhikaraNyaM yuktaM tadevAvagrahAdaya iti / bhAvatadvatorbhedAttasyAvagrahAdayobhihitalakSaNA iti vaiyadhikaraNyameveti nAzaMkanIyaM tayoH kthNcidbhedaatsaamaanaadhikrnnyghttnaat| bhedaikAMte tadanupapatteH shyviNdhyvdityuktpraaym|| tatra yadvastumAtrasya grahaNaM pAramArthikam / dvidhA tredhA kvacijjJAnaM tadityekaM na cAparam / / 6 / / tanna sAdhvakSajasyArthabhedajJAnasya tttvtH| spaSTasyAnubhavAdbAdhA vinirmuktasya sarvadA // 7 // AkAMkSAjJAna dvArA jAne gaye artha kA dRr3ha nirNaya kara lenA avAyajJAna hai| vahI nirNaya pIche kAlAntara taka smaraNa banAye rakhane kA hetu hotA huA jaba dRr3hatara saMskArarUpa bana jAtA hai to vaha dhAraNA matijJAna samajhA jAtA hai| smRti kA kAraNabhUta jJAna dhAraNA hai| isa sampUrNa viSaya kA kathana pUrva meM kara diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra matijJAna cAra prakAra ke siddha haiN||4|| yahA~ adhikAra prApta matijJAna kA satrokta avagraha Adika ke sAtha samAna adhikaraNa kara lenA cAhie ki vaha matijJAna hI avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNAsvarUpa hai| pahale ke "tadindriyAnindriyanimittam" isa sUtra ke tat zabda kA sambandha ho jAne se yahA~ bhI tat yAnI vaha matijJAna avagraha Adi bhedasvarUpa hai| isa prakAra avagraha Adi ke sAtha sAmAnAdhikaraNya banA lenA yuktipUrNa hai||5|| _ "tadindriyAnindriyanimittam" aise isa pahale ke sUtra meM tat zabda grahaNa kiyA hai| usa tat zabda kI isa "avagrahehAvAyadhAraNA:" sUtra meM anuvRtti kara sambandha kara dene se vaha matijJAna hI avagraha Adi svarUpa hotA hai| isa prakAra samAna adhikaraNa kara lenA yukta ho jAtA hai| bhAva (pariNAma) aura bhAvavAna (pariNAmI) padArthoM kA bheda ho jAne ke kAraNa matijJAnarUpa pariNAmI ke avagraha Adi pariNAma haiM, jinake lakSaNa pUrva meM kahe jA cuke haiN| isa prakAra prakaraNa anusAra arthavaza tat zabda kI prathamA vibhakti kA SaSThIvibhaktirUpa vipariNAma kara SaSThyanta matijJAna kA prathamAnta avagraha Adi ke sAtha vyadhikaraNapanA hI subodhakAraka dIkhatA hai| aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki una pariNAmI aura pariNAma rUpa matijJAna aura avagraha Adi kA kathaMcit abheda ho jAne se samAna adhikaraNapanA ghaTita ho jAtA hai| sarvathA bheda kA ekAnta mAnane para to bhAva aura bhAvavAna meM vaha samAna adhikaraNa nahIM bana sakatA hai| jaise sarvathA bhinna sahya parvata aura viMdhyaparvata, sahya hI viMdhya hai, athavA viMdhya hI sahya hai, yaha samAnAdhikaraNa nahIM banatA hai| isa bAta ko hama pUrva meM kaI bAra kaha cuke haiN| brahmAdvaita - jo zuddha sattAmAtra vastu ko grahaNa karatA hai, vaha jJAna hI pAramArthika hai| avAntara bheda vAlI sattA ko jAnane vAlA bhedajJAna yathArtha nahIM hai| kahIM bhI indriya, anindriya se utpanna huA do prakAra kA jJAna yA bheda, abheda, bhedAbheda ke anusAra samAnAdhikaraNapanA vyadhikaraNapanA banAkara tIna prakAra ke kalpita kiye gae jJAna ve saba eka hI haiM, pRthak-pRthak nahIM arthAt cidAkAra, zuddha,
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 281 pratibhAsamAtrasya paramabrahmaNo'pi hi satyatvaM sarvadA bAdhavinirmuktatvamiSTamanyathA tadavyavasthAnAt taccArthabhedajJAnasyApi spssttsyaanubhuuyte| prtiniytkaalsNvednen| kathamasmadAdestatra sarvadA bAdharahitatvaM siddhyediti| cet pratibhAsamAtre kathaM / sakRdapi bAdhAnupalaMbhanAtsarvadA bAdhAsaMbhavanAnupapatteriticet bhedapratibhAsepi tata eva / caMdradvayAdivedane bhedapratibhAsasya bAdhopalaMbhAdanyatrApi bAdhasaMbhavanAnna bhedapratibhAse sadA bAdhavaidhuryaM siddhyatIti cettarhi vakulatilakAdivedane dUrAdabhedapratibhAsasya bAdhasahitasyopalaMbhanAdabhedapratibhAsepi sadA cinmAtra kI vidhi ko nirUpaNa karane vAlA eka hI jJAna vAstavika hai kyoMki vahI sarvatra pratibhAsamAtra hai| pratyakSa, parokSa athavA atyantaparokSa milAkara ye do tIna jJAna nahIM ho sakate haiM isa prakAra brahma advaitavAdiyoM kA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai kyoMki arthoM ke indriyoM se utpanna bhedajJAna kI yathArtharUpa se pratIti hotI hai| (pratyuta kevala abheda ko hI grahaNa karane vAle cinmAtra kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai) tathA vizeSa vastuoM ko grahaNa karane vAle aura bAdhAoM se rahita vizadasvarUpa bhedajJAna kA sadA anubhava hotA hai||6-7|| brahmAdvaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA svIkRta kevala pratibhAsarUpa paramabrahma kA bhI satyapanA sadA spaSTa rUpa se anupayukta hone se bAdhAoM se virahita hI iSTa mAnanA hogaa| anyathA (nirbAdhasvarUpa satya hue binA) usa pratibhAsasvarUpa paramabrahma kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakegI kintu vaha satyapane kA prANa bAdhArahitapanA padArthoM ke spaSTa bhedajJAna ke bhI anubhUta ho rahe haiN| pratyeka jJAna ke lie niyatakAla meM utpanna vizeSajJAnoM ke dvArA ghaTa paTa Adi ke vizeSa jJAnoM kA spaSTa anubhava ho rahA hai| ina satyajJAnoM meM kabhI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| - zaMkA : yahA~ advaitavAdI kahatA hai ki una bhedajJAnoM meM sadA bAdhArahitapanA hai, yaha hama logoM ke dvArA kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai? ina bhedajJAnoM meM kabhI bAdhAyeM na huI haiM aura na hoNgii| isa bAta ko alpajJa jIva jAna nahIM sakate haiN| samAdhAna : syAdvAdI kahate haiM ki tumhAre zuddha pratibhAsa mAtra yA usake jJAna meM sadA bAdhArahitapanA tuma atyalpajJoM ke dvArA kaise jAnA jA sakegA? zuddha cinmAtra meM eka bAra bhI bAdhA nahIM dIkhatI hai| yadi kaho ki zuddha cinmAtra meM sadaiva bAdhAoM kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai, to jisa prakAra zuddha cinmAtra meM sadaiva bAdhAoM kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai usI prakAra bheda rUpa jJAnoM meM bhI eka bAra bhI bAdhAoM kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai aisI bAdhAoM kI asambhava kI siddhi bheda pratibhAsoM meM bhI samajha lenA caahie| isa viSaya meM hamArA tumhArA praznottara uThAnA, denA ekasA par3atA hai| arthAt jaisA tuma kahate ho vaisA hama bhI kaha sakate haiN| - brahmaadvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki eka candramA meM do candramA ke jJAna meM bheda ke pratibhAsoM kI bAdhAe~ upasthita dekhI jAtI haiN| usI prakAra anya ghaTa, paTa Adi ke bheda pratibhAsoM meM bhI bAdhAoM kI sambhAvanA hai, isalie jainoM ke bhedapratibhAsa meM sadA bAdhArahitapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| . isake pratyuttara meM jaina kahate haiM ki maulazrI, tilaka Adi vRkSoM ke jJAna meM dUra se hue abheda pratibhAsa ke bAdhAsahitapana kI upalabdhi hotI hai ata: tumhAre pratibhAsamAtrarUpa abheda pratibhAsa meM bhI sarvadA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 282 bAdhazUnyatvaM mAsidhat / tatrApi pratibhAsamAtrasya bAdhAnupalabha iti cet caMdradvayAdivedanepi vizeSamAtrapratibhAse bAdhAnupalaMbha evetyupAlaMbhasamAdhAnAnAM samAnatvAdalamatinirbadhanena / nanu ca viSayasya satyatve saMvedanasya satyatvamiti nyAye pratibhAsamAtrameva paramabrahma satyaM tadviSayasya sanmAtrasya satyatvAnna bhedajJAnaM tadgocarasyAsatyatvAditi matamanUdya dUSayannAha;nanu sanmAtrakaM vastu vybhicaarvimuktitH| na bhedo vyabhicAritvAttatra jJAnaM na tAttvikam / / 8 // ityayuktaM sdaashessvishessvidhuraatmnH| sattvasyAnubhavAbhAvAdbhedamAtrakavastuvat // 9 // dRsstterbhedbhedaatmvstunyvybhicaartH| pAramArthikatA yuktA nAnyathA tadasaMbhavAt // 10 // na hi sakalavizeSavikalaM sanmAtramupalabhAmahe ni: sAmAnyavizeSavat satsAmAnyavizeSAtmano vastuno darzanAt / na ca tadvyabhicArosti ke nacitsadvizeSaNarahitasya sanmAtrasyopalaMbhepi sadvizeSAMtarabAdhArahitapanA siddha nahIM hotA hai| yadi vedAntI kahe ki dUra se bagIce meM vakula, tilaka Adi aneka vRkSa samudita hokara eka dikha rahe haiM, kintu nikaTa Akara bhinna-bhinna hokara vizada dikhate haiM, aura phira bhI vahA~ sAmAnya pratibhAsa hone kI koI bAdhA nahIM hai, cAhe bhinna dikheM yA abhinna, sAmAnya pratibhAsa hone meM to koI bAdhA nahIM hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki do candramA Adi ke jJAnoM meM bhI kevala vizeSa aMza (vizeSyadala ke pratibhAsane) meM to koI bAdhA nahIM dIkhatI hai| kevala vizeSaNabhUta saMkhyA kA atikramaNa hotA hai| isa prakAra hamAre tumhAre donoM ke yahA~ ulAhane aura samAdhAna samAna haiN| ata: bhedapratibhAsa yA abheda pratibhAsa ke prakaraNa ko adhika bar3hAnA upayukta nahIM hai| yahA~ advaitavAdiyoM kI zaMkA hai ki viSaya ke satya hone para usako jAnane vAle jJAna kI satyatA mAnI jAtI hai| isa prakAra nyAya ho jAne para pratibhAsa mAtra hI paramabrahma satya hai ata: usako viSaya karane vAlA kevala zuddha sat kA abhedajJAna hI satya hai| bhedajJAna satya nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki usakA viSaya bheda padArtha asatya hai, aparamArtha hai| isa prakAra ke advaitamata kA anuvAda kara usako dUSita karate hue AcArya spaSTa kathana karate haiM zaMkA : (advaitavAdI kahate haiM ki) vyabhicAra rahita hone se kevala zuddha sat hI paramArtha vastu hai| vizeSarUpa se dRSTigocara hone se bheda yathArtha nahIM hai, kyoMki bheda kA jJAna honA vyabhicAra doSa se yukta hai| samAdhAna : advaitavAdiyoM kA yaha kahanA yuktirahita hai, kyoMki sampUrNa viSayoM se rahita sattvasvarUpa kA sarvadA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| jaise ki sAmAnya se sarvathA rahita kevala vizeSasvarUpa vastu kI kabhI bhI pratIti nahIM hotI hai kintu abheda aura bhedasvarUpa vastu meM vyabhicAra se rahita pratIti hI pAramArthika yukta hai| anyathA arthAt bauddhoM ke kevala vizeSa aMza ko jAnane vAle nirvikalpaka darzana ko aura advaitavAdiyoM ke zuddha sAmAnyasattA ko prakAzita karane vAle darzana ko tAttvikapanA nahIM hai, kyoMki sAmAnya ke binA kevala vizeSa kA aura vizeSa ke binA kevala sAmAnya kA rahanA asambhava hai||8-9-10|| ___sampUrNa viSayoM se sarvathA rahita zuddha sanmAtra ko hama kabhI bhI nahIM dekha rahe haiM jaise ki sAmAnya se sarvathA rahita vizeSa kabhI dekhA nahIM jAtA hai arthAt sabako utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya vAle sAmAnya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 283 rhitsyaanuNplNbhnaat| tatastasyaiva satsAmAnyavizeSAtmanorthasyAvyabhicAritvalakSaNaM pAramArthikatvaM yuktamiti tadvidhAtRpratyakSaM siddham // jAtyAdikalpanonmuktaM vastumAtraM svlkssnnm| tajjJAnamakSajaM nAnyadityapyetena dUSitam // 11 // _ kiM punarevaM syAdvAdino darzanamavagrahapUrvakAlabhAvi bhavedityatrocyatekiMcidityavabhAsyatra vastumAtramapoddhRtaM / tadgrAhi darzanaM jJeyamavagrahanibaMdhanam // 12 // anekAMtAtmake bhAve prasiddhapi hi bhaavtH| puMsaH svayogyatApekSaM grahaNaM kvcidNshtH||13|| tenaarthmaatrnirbhaasaaddrshnaadbhinnmissyte| jJAnamarthavizeSAtmAbhAsi cittvena tatsamam // 14 // vizeSAtmaka sat vastu kA darzana hotA hai| usa sAmAnya vizeSa-Atmaka vastu meM koI vyabhicAra nahIM hai| kisI eka vizeSasat se rahita kevala sat kA upalambha hone para bhI sat ke anya vizeSoM se rahita sat mAtra kA kisI ko upalambha nahIM hotA hai| isalie usa sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu kA vidhAna karane vAlA pratyakSa pramANasiddha hai| arthAt vizeSarahita zuddha sattA mAtra vA nirvikalpa vastu dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahI hai apitu vizeSa sahita savikalpa vastu dRSTigocara ho rahI hai, anubhava meM A rahI hai, vahI satya hai| sabhI pratyakSa sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu kA vidhAna karate haiM, sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu kA niSedha nahIM karate haiN| jAtyAdi kalpanAoM se sarvathA rahita kSaNika svalakSaNamAtra vastubhUta jJAna hI indriyajanya hai, aura jJeya Adi koI vastu nahIM hai, aisA kahane vAle kA bhI khaMDana kara diyA gayA hai||11|| syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ mAnA gayA sAmAnya ko grahaNa karane vAlA darzanopayoga kyA phira isa prakAra sAmAnya vizeSa Atmaka vastu ko jAnane vAle avagraha jJAna se pUrvakAla meM hone vAlA hogA ? yA kaisA hogA? isa prakAra sacchiSya kI AkAMkSA hone para AcArya kahate haiM - * "kucha hai"- isa prakAra sAmAnya vastu ko grahaNa karane vAlA pratibhAsa darzanopayoga hai| vaha darzanopayoga avagraha jJAna kA kAraNa hai| aisA jAnanA caahie| bhAvArtha : padArtha ke vizeSa ko nahIM grahaNa kara kevala usakI mahAsattA kA Alocana karane vAlA darzana hai, usake pIche zIghra hI vizeSoM ko jAnane vAlA jJAna utpanna hotA hai vaha avagraha hai| isa sAmAnyagrAhI darzana ke pIche hue jJAna kA kAlavyavadhAna saba jIvoM ko pratIta nahIM hotA hai| vaha Alocana karane vAlA darzana upayoga avagraha matijJAna kA kAraNa hai||12|| . yadyapi sampUrNa padArtha bhAvadRSTi se sAmAnya-vizeSa, AdhAra-Adheya, janya-janaka Adi aneka dharma svarUpa prasiddha hone para bhI AtmA ke apanI jJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya ke kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA kI apekSA se kisI-kisI dharma meM aMzarUpa se grahaNa honA siddha hotA hai||13|| ataH sattAmAtra sAmAnya artha ko prakAzita karane vAle darzana se yaha vizeSasvarUpa arthoM ko grahaNa karane vAlA avagraha jJAna bhinna mAnA gayA hai| yadyapi caitanyarUpa se (vA jJAnasvarUpa se) darzana aura avagraha -- samAna haiM, tathApi sattA kA Alocana karane vAlA darzana pRthak hai, aura sAmAnya vizeSa vastu ko jAnane vAlA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 284 kRto bhedo nayAtsattAmAtrajJAtsaMgrahAtparam / naramAtrAcca netrAdidarzanaM vakSyategrataH // 15 // na hi sanmAtragrAhI saMgraho nayo darzanaM syAdityativyAptiH zaMkanIyA tasya zrutabhedatvAdaspaSTAvabhAsitayA nayatvopapatteH zrutabhedA nayA iti vcnaat| nApyAtmamAtragrahaNaM darzanaM ckssurvdhikevldrshnaanaambhaavprsNgaat| cakSurAdyapekSasyAtmanastadAvaraNakSayopazamaviziSTasya cakSurdarzanAdivibhAgabhAktve tu nAtmamAtragrahaNe darzanavyapadezaH zreyAnityagre prapaMcato vicaaryissyte|| nanvavagrahavijJAnaM darzanAjAyate ydi| tasyeMdriyamanojatvaM tadA kiM na virudhyate // 16 // pAraMparyeNa tajatvAttasyehAdividAmiva / ko virodhaH kramAdvAkSamanojanyatvanizcayAt // 17 // iMdriyAnidriyAbhyAM hi yastvAlocanamAtmanaH / svayaM pratIyate ydvttthaivaavgrhaadyH||18|| avagraha pramANa bhinna hai| arthAt pahale darzana to pramANa apramANa kucha bhI nahIM hai| dUsarA anadhyavasAya apramANa hai| tIsarA avagraha pramANa hai||14|| triloka, trikAla kI vastuoM ke sattvamAtra ko grahaNa kara jAnane vAle saMgraha naya se yaha Alocana Atmaka darzana upayoga nirAlA hai ata: saMgrahanaya se darzana kA bheda kara diyA gayA hai, kyoMki saMgrahanaya dvArA svajAti kA avirodha karake bhedoM kA samasta grahaNa hotA hai| advaitavAdiyoM ke brahmadarzana samAna kevala AtmA kA mana indriya dvArA acakSu darzana ho jAnA hI sampUrNa darzana upayoga nahIM hai, kyoMki AtmajJAna ke pUrvabhAvI cakSu, avadhi, kevala darzana bhI darzanopayoga meM parigaNita haiM, isakA kathana Age kreNge||15|| . sampUrNa vastuoM kI sattA ko grahaNa karane vAlA saMgrahanaya darzanopayoga hai| isa prakAra kI ativyApti doSa kI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki, vaha saMgrahanaya zrutajJAna kA bheda hai| avizada pratibhAsanevAlA jJAna hone se usa saMgraha ko nayapanA hai| zrutajJAna ke bheda nayajJAna hote haiM aisA granthoM meM kahA gayA hai tathA, kevala AtmA kA hI grahaNa karanA bhI darzanopayoga nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para acakSudarzana se atirikta cakSurdarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevaladarzana ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| yadi cakSu yA sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, zrotra, mana, rUpa acakSu Adi kI apekSA rakhane vAle aura cakSuH AvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama Adi se viziSTa AtmA ko hI cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana, kevaladarzanarUpa vibhAgoM ko dhAraNa kara lene vAlA mAnA jAtA hai, taba to kevala AtmA ke grahaNa karane meM hI darzana upayoga kA vyavahAra karanA zreSTha nahIM hai| isa bAta ko Age vistAra se varNana kreNge| zaMkA : avagraharUpa matijJAna yadi darzana se utpanna hotA hai, taba to usa matijJAna kA pUrva sUtrAnusAra indriya aura mana se janyapanA viruddha kyoM nahIM hogA? samAdhAna : IhA, avAya Adi jJAnoM ke samAna vaha avagraha bhI paramparA se indriya aura mana se janya hai| athavA krama se akSa aura mana dvArA janyapane kA nizcaya ho jAne ke kAraNa kaunasA virodha AtA hai ? koI virodha nahIM hai| arthAt sAkSAt rUpa se avagraha darzana se utpanna hotA hai parantu paramparA se indriya mana se janya hai yaha krama cAlU hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra anindriya se AtmA kA darzana honA svayaM pratIta ho rahA hai, usI prakAra avagraha, IhA Adi bhI indriya aura mana se hote hue svayaM pratIta ho rahe haiN||16-17 18 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 285 ya evAhaM kiMciditi vastumAtramiMdriyAniMdriyAbhyAmadrAkSaM sa eva tadvarNasaMsthAnAdisAmAnyabhedenAvagRhNAmi tadvizeSAtmanAkAMkSAmi tadeva tathAvaimi tadeva dhArayAmIti kramaza: svayaM darzanAvagrahAdInAmiMdriyAniMdriyotpAdyatvaM pratIyate pramANabhUtAtpratyabhijJAnAt kramabhAvyanekaparyAyavyApino dravyasya nishcyaadityuktpraaym|| varNasaMsthAdisAmAnyaM yatra jnyaanevbhaaste| tanno vizeSaNajJAnamavagrahaparAbhidham // 19 // vizeSanizcayo vA ya ityetduppdyte| jJAnenehAbhilASAtmA saMskArAtmA na dhAraNA // 20 // iti kecitprabhASate tacca na vyvtisstthte| vizeSavedanastheha dRDhasyehAtvasUcanAt // 21 // tato dRDhatarAvAyajJAnAd dRDhatamasya c| dhAraNatvapratijJAnAt smRtihetorvizeSataH // 22 // ajJAnAtmakatAyAM tu saMskArasyeha tasya vaa| jJAnopAdAnatA na syAdrUpAderiva sAsti ca // 23 // jo maiM "kucha hU~" - isa prakAra mahAsattAsvarUpa kevala sAmAnya vastu ko anindriyoM ke dvArA dekha cukA thA, so hI maiM rUpa AkRti racanA Adi sAmAnya bhedoM se usa vastu kA avagraha kara rahA hU~ tathA vahI maiM anya vizeSa aMza svarUpa karake usa vastu ke AkAMkSArUpa kA jJAna kara rahA huuN| tathA vahI maiM usI prakAra isa rUpa se usI vastu kA nizcaya kara rahA hU~ evaM vahI maiM usI vastu kI kAlAntara taka smaraNa karane kI yogyatA ko dhAraNa kara rahA hU~ isa prakAra krama se darzana, avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA jJAnoM kA indriyaanindriyoM ke dvArA utpatti kI yogyatA svayaM pratIta ho rahI hai| vahI eka AtmA krama se darzana aura aneka jJAnoM ko utpanna karatI hai ataH pramANabhUta siddha pratyabhijJAna ke dvArA krama se hone vAlI aneka paryAyoM meM vyApane vAle dravya kA nizcaya ho rahA hai isako hama pUrva meM kaI bAra kaha cuke haiN| jisa jJAna meM varNa, racanA, AkRti Adi kA sAmAnya se pratibhAsa hotA hai vaha jJAna hamAre yahA~ vizeSaNa jJAna hai| usakA dUsarA nAma avagraha hai| tathA jisa jJAna ke dvArA vastu ke vizeSa aMzoM kA nizcaya karAyA jAtA hai, vaha avAya hai| isa prakAra yaha avAya jJAna bhI utpanna ho sakatA hai| kintu abhilASArUpa se svIkRta IhA jJAna aura saMskArasvarUpa dhAraNAjJAna siddha nahIM ho pAte haiM, kyoMki abhilASA to icchA hai| vaha AtmA jJAna se pRthak svataMtra guNa hai tathA bhAvanArUpa saMskAra bhI jJAna se pRthak svataMtra guNa hai| ataH icchA aura saMskAra to jJAnasvarUpa nahIM ho sakate haiN| isa prakAra koI kahate haiN| isa prakAra koI kahate haiN| kintu unakA yaha mantavya vyavasthita nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki isa prakaraNa meM vastu ke aMzoM kI AkAMkSArUpa dRr3ha vizeSa jJAna ko IhApanA sUcita kiyA hai| usa dRr3ha IhA jJAna se adhika dRr3ha avAya jJAna hai aura avAya jJAna se bhI bahuta adhika dRr3ha tathA smRti kA kAraNabhUta dhAraNA jJAna vizeSarUpa se pratijJA hai| bhAvArtha : mohanIya karma ke udaya se AtmA ke cAritra guNa kI vibhAva paryAya icchA hai| AtmA ke caitanya guNa kA pariNAma jJAna hai ata: icchA se IhA jJAna pRthak hai| pUrvasamayavartinI AkAMkSA kA vikalpa karatA huA IhA jJAna utpanna hotA hai ataH use AkAMkSApana se vyavahAra kara liyA jAtA hai| dhAraNA jJAna to saMskArarUpa hai| jJAna meM viziSTa kSayopazamAnusAra atizayoM kA utpanna ho jAnA hI jJAnasvarUpa saMskAra hai| isase alaga koI bhAvanA nAma kA saMskAra hameM abhISTa nahIM hai| yadi isa prakaraNa meM saMskAra ko ajJAna
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 286 sukhAdinA na cAtrAsti vyabhicAraH kathaMcana / tasya jJAnAtmakatvena svasaMvedanasiddhitaH // 24 // sarveSAM jIvabhAvAnAM jiivaatmtvaarpnnaannyaat| saMvedanAtmatAsiddha pasiddhAntasaMbhavaH // 25 // ____ aupazamikAdayo hi paMca jIvasya bhAvAH saMvedanAtmakA evopayogasvabhAvajIvadravyArthAdeva / tatra keSAMcidasaMvedanAtmatvopadezAdanyathA tadvyavasthitivirodhAditi vkssyte|| tata eva pradhAnasya dharmA naavgrhaadyH| AlocanAdinAmAnaH svasaMvittivirodhataH // 26 // AlocanasaMkalpanAbhimananAdhyavasAnanAmAnovagrahAdayaH pradhAnasya vivartAzcetanA puMsaH svabhAva iti yepyAhustepi na yuktavAdinaH, svasaMvedanAtmakatvAdeva teSAmAtmasvabhAvatvaprasiddharanyathopagame svsNvittivirodhaat| na hIdaM svasaMvedanaM bhrAMtaM bAdhakAbhAvAdityuktaM purstaat|| svarUpa mAnA jAegA, taba to vaha saMskAra smaraNajJAna kA upAdAna kAraNa na ho sakegA, jaise ki rUpa, rasa Adi guNa jJAna ke upAdAna kAraNa nahIM haiM, kintu saMskArarUpa dhAraNA ko smRti jJAna kI vaha upAdAnatA prApta hai| ata: vaha saMskAra dhAraNA nAmaka jJAna hI hai| jJAna se bhinna koI guNa bhAvanA nAma kA saMskAra siddha nahIM hai||19-20-21-22-23|| tathA aisA mAnane para sukhAdi ke sAtha kisI prakAra kA vyabhicAra nahIM hai, kyoMki una sukhAdi kI jJAnasvarUpa se svasamvedana pratyakSa dvArA siddhi ho rahI hai| arthAt-cetana AtmA ke sukha, icchA, bhAvanA Adi rUpa sabhI pariNAmoM para caitanyabhAva anvita hai| jIva ke sampUrNa pariNAmoM ko cetana jIvasvarUpapane kI arpaNA karane vAlI naya se samvedanasvarUpapanA siddha hai ataH hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ apasiddhAnta ho jAne kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai||24-25|| jIva ke aupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, audayika, pAriNAmika pA~ca bhAva caitanya upayogasvarUpa jIva padArtha ko viSaya karane vAlI dravyArthikanaya kI apekSA se saMvedanAtmaka (caitanyasvarUpa) hI haiN| tathA pramANadRSTi yA paryAyArthika naya se vahA~ koI-koI bhAvoM kA asamvedana svarUpapanA upadeza kiyA hai| anyathA (jJAnAtmaka aura asaMvedanAtmaka hue binA) una bhAvoM kI ThIka-ThIka vyavasthA hone kA virodha hai| isako Age spaSTa kreNge| bhAvArtha : paryAya dRSTi se yadyapi upazamacAritra, icchA, Adi paryAyeM jJAnaparyAya se bhinna haiM ata: ve kathaMcit asamvedanasvarUpa ho sakatI haiM, phira bhI caitanyadravya kA anvitapanA aparihArya hai| ___ ata: cetana jIvadravya ke tadAtmaka pariNAma hone se avagraha Adi jJAna sattvaguNa, rajoguNa aura tamoguNa kI sAmya avasthArUpa pradhAna (prakRti) ke bhI dharma nahIM haiN| sAMkhyoM ke dvArA Alocana, saMkalpa, abhimAna Adi nAmoM se saMketita avagrahAdi ko jar3a prakRti kA dharma mAnane para unake svasamvedana pratyakSa hone kA virodha AtA hai| arthAt jJAnasvarUpa yA cetana jIvasvarUpa padArthoM kA hI svasamvedana pratyakSa honA sambhava hai||26|| ___ Alocana, saMkalpana, abhimAna, adhyavasAya, nAmoM ko dhArane vAle avagraha Adi jJAna prakRti ke hI paryAya (pariNAma) haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 287 nanu dUre yathaiteSAM kramazorthe pravartanaM / saMvedyate tathAsanne kinna saMviditAtmanAm // 27 // vizeSaNavizeSyAdijJAnAnAM samamIdRzaM / vedyaM tatra samAdhAnaM yattadatrApi yujyate // 28 // bhAvArtha : padArthoM kA sAmAnyarUpa se Alocana karanA avagraha hai, yaha indriyoM dvArA huA prakRti kA vivarta hai| "saMkalpa karanA" IhA hai| yaha bhI mana:janya prakRti kA pariNAma hai| "yaha aisA hI hai" isa prakAra abhimAna karanA avAya hai, jo ki prakRti kI ahaMkAra rUpa paryAya hai tathA dRr3ha nirNaya kara lenA dhAraNA hai, yaha to prakRti kA buddhirUpa pahilA pariNamana hai| cetanA to puruSa kA svabhAva hai| isa prakAra jo bhI sAMkhya kaha rahe haiM, ve bhI yuktipUrvaka kahane vAle nahIM haiM kyoMki, una Alocana Adi rUpa avagraha Adi jJAnoM ko svasamvedanasvarUpa hone ke kAraNa hI AtmasvabhAvapanA prasiddha hai| anyathA (jar3aprakRti kA dharma mAnane para to) unakA svasamvedana honA viruddha hotA hai| arthAt acetana pradhAna kA dharma sva saMvedanAtmaka nahIM ho sakatA, jaise acetana kI paryAya ghaTAdi svasaMvedanAtmaka nahIM hai| yaha svasaMvedana pratyakSabhrAnta bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki isa pratyakSa kA bAdhaka pramANa koI upasthita nahIM hotA hai| isakA hama pUrva prakaraNoM meM kathana kara cuke haiM ata: avagraha Adi jJAna cetana AtmA ke pariNAma haiM, paryAya haiM, pradhAna kI nhiiN| zaMkA : jisa prakAra dUravartI padArtha meM ina avagraha Adi jJAnoM kI krama-krama se pravRtti hotI hai| arthAt pahale indriya aura artha kI yogyadeza meM avasthiti hone para darzana hotA hai| pazcAt avagraha hotA hai, anantara AkAMkSArUpa IhA jJAna hotA hai, punaH avAya, usake pazcAt dhAraNA jJAna hote haiN| usI prakAra nikaTadezavartI padArtha meM samviditasvarUpa se mAne gaye avagraha AdikoM kI krama se hotI huI pravRtti kyoM nahIM hotI hai ? samAdhAna : jaise vizeSaNa vizeSya kA yA sAmAnyavizeSa Adi jJAnoM kA krama se honA anubhUta nahIM ho rahA hai, isI prakAra unake samAna yahA~ bhI avagraha Adi jJAnoM kI krama se pravartanA anubhava meM nahIM A * rahI hai| usameM yadi naiyAyika yaha samAdhAna kareM ki usa prakAra kA una vizeSaNa-vizeSya Adi jJAnoM kA krama se pravartanA kvacit pratyakSa se, kahIM anumAna se jAnA jA rahA hai| __arthAt vizeSa vizeSya jJAna krama se hote haiM, phira yugapat hote haiM, aisA pratIta hotA hai| vaha samAdhAna to yahA~ avagraha Adi meM bhI upayogI ho jAtA hai| arthAt krama se hone vAle avagrahAdika yugapat hue sarIkhe pratIta hote haiM // 27-28 // ___tathA kApila Alocana, saMkalpa, abhimAna, adhyavasAya ko krama se honA samajhatA hai| tathA advaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ darzana, zravaNa, manana nididhyAsana kI kramapravRtti jAnI gayI hai| anumAna kA upakAra karane vAle sambandhasmaraNa Adi kI krama se pravartanA jAnI jA rahI hai| arthAt pahale hetu kA darzana hotA hai| pIche vyApti kA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| puna: pakSavRttitva jJAna se anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai| AgamajJAna meM bhI krama dekhA jAtA hai| zabda kA zrotra indriya se zrAvaNa pratyakSa kara saMketa kA smaraNa karate hue aura isa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 288 tathaivAlocanAdInAM dRgAdInAM ca budhyte| saMbaMdhasmaraNAdInAmanumAnopakAriNAm // 29 // atyaMtAbhyAsato hyAzu vRtternuplkssnnm| kramazo vedanAnAM syaatsrvessaamvigaantH||30|| tataH kramabhuvovagrahAdayo anabhyastadezAdAvivAbhyastadezAdau siddhAH svAvaraNakSayopazamavizeSANAM krmbhaavitvaat| atrApara: prAha / nAkSajo'vagrahastasya vikalpAtmakatvAttata eva na pramANamavastuviSayatvAditi taM prtyaah;drvypryaaysaamaanyvissyovgrhokssjH| tasyAparavikalpenAniSedhyatvAt sphutttvtH||31|| saMvAdakatvato mAnaM svArthavyavasiteH phlN| sAkSAdvyavahitaM tu syAdIhA hAnAdidhIrapi // 32 // dravyaparyAyasAmAnyavizeSayovagrahokSajo yuktaH pratisaMkhyAnenAvirodhyatvAdvizadatvAcca tasyAnakSajatve zabda meM vaise hI pUrva sAMketika zabda kA sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna karate hue AgamajJAna utpanna hotA hai| atyanta . adhika abhyAsa ho jAne se ukta jJAnoM kI jhaTiti pravRtti ho jAtI hai ataH sthUladRSTi jIvoM ko unakA antarAla nahIM dikha pAtA hai| vastutaH AtmA ke sampUrNa jJAnoM kI nirdoSa rUpa se krama karake hI pravRtti hotI hai| arthAt atyadhika abhyAsa ho jAne se AzuvRtti kA dIkhanA nahIM hotA hai jaise zIghra pustaka ko par3hane vAlA jana akSaroM para krama se jAne vAlI dRSTi kI zIghra kramapravRtti ko nahIM nirakha pAtA hai||29-30|| ___ata: siddha huA ki abhyAsa nahIM kiye gaye deza, sthAnavartI Adi padArthoM meM jaise avagraha Adika jJAna krama se honA siddha hote haiM, usI prakAra abhyAsaprApta deza, kAla, padArtha Adi meM bhI avagrahAdi krama se hI utpanna hote haiM, kyoMki apane-apane AvaraNa karmoM ke kSayopazama kI vizeSatAe~ krama se hI hone vAlI ___ yahA~ koI dUsarA (bauddha vidvAn) kaha rahA hai ki avagrahajJAna indriyoM se utpanna huA nahIM hai| vaha avagraha to vikalpasvarUpa jJAna hai| indriyA~ saMkalpa, vikalparUpa jJAnoM ko utpanna nahIM karA sakatI haiN| avagrahajJAna vikalpasvarUpa hai, ata: avastu ko viSaya karane vAlA hone se vaha pramANajJAna nahIM hai| isa prakAra kahane vAle ko AcArya uttara dete haiM - . sAmAnyarUpa se dravya aura paryAyoM ko viSaya karane vAlA avagrahajJAna avazya hI indriyajanya hai| kyoMki vaha avagrahajJAna anya vikalpajJAnoM se niSedha karane yogya nahIM hai tathA vaha avagrahajJAna spaSTa bhI hai||31|| ___ yaha avagrahajJAna pramANa hai-saMvAdaka hone se, jo jJAna saphala pravRttijanaka yA bAdhArahitarUpa saMvAdaka hote haiM, ve pramANa hote haiN| isa avagrahajJAna kA sAkSAt phala to apanA aura artha kA nirNaya karanA hai, tathA paramparAprApta phala IhA jJAna ko utpanna karAnA athavA apane viSaya meM hAna, upAdAna, upekSA buddhiyA~ utpanna karA denA bhI hai||32|| 'yaha manuSya hai', 'yaha zuklavastu hai', 'yaha pustaka hai' - isa prakAra sAmAnyarUpaM se dravya aura
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 289 tdyogaat| zakyate hi kalpanAH pratisaMkhyAnena nivArayituM neMdriyabuddhaya iti svymisstteH| manovikalpasya vaizadyAniSedhopramANaM cAyaM saMvAdakatvAtsAdhakatamatvAdanizcitArthanizcAyakatvAt prtipttrpekssnniiytvaacc| na punarnirvikalpakaM darzanaM tadviparItatvAtsannikarSAdivat / phalaM punaravagrahasya pramANatve svArthavyavasthitiH sAkSAtparaMparayA tvIhA hAnAdibuddhirvA / nanu ca pramANAtphalasyAbhede kathaM pramANaphalavyavasthA virodhAditi cet na, ekasyAne kAtmano jJAnasya sAdhakatamatvena prmaanntvvyvsthiteH| kriyAtvena vizeSasvarUpa se paryAyoM ko viSaya karane vAle avagraha jJAna ko indriyoM se janya kahanA yukta hI hai kyoMki avagraha jJAna pratikUla sAdhaka pramANoM ke dvArA virodha karane yogya nahIM hai tathA avagrahajJAna spaSTa hai| yadi usa avagraha ko indriyoM se janya nahIM mAnA jAyegA to pratikUla pramANoM se virodha karane yogya ho jAyegA aura usa vizadajJAnapane kA ayoga ho jaaegaa| kalpanA jJAna to pratikUla pramANoM ke dvArA nivAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu indriyajanya jJAna to anya jJAnoM se bAdhya nahIM hai isa prakAra bauddhoM ne svayaM apane granthoM meM abhISTa kiyA hai| mana indriyajanya sacce vikalpajJAna ke vizadapana kA niSedha nahIM kiyA gayA hai| athavA vikalpa rUpa hone se avagraha jJAna ko apramANa kahanA upayukta nahIM hai| kyoMki yaha vikalpajJAna pramANa hainirbAdharUpa se samvAdaka hone se, pramiti kA sAdhakatama hone se, anizcita arthoM kA nizcita karane vAlA hone se aura arthoM kI pratipatti karane vAle AtmAoM kI apekSA karane yogya hone se| kintu bauddhoM dvArA mAnA gayA vastu, vastu aMza, saMsarga, vizeSya, vizeSaNa, artha vikalpa Adi kalpanAoM se rahita nirvikalpaka darzana pramANa nahIM hai usa pramANatva ke sAdhaka hetuoM se viparIta hetuoM kA sAdhaka hone se arthAt visamvAdakatva sabAdhapanA yA nirarthaka pravRttijanakapanA hone se, pramiti kA karaNa nahIM hone se, anizcita artha kA nizcayakarAne vAlA nahIM hone se jijJAsu puruSoM ko apekSaNIya nahIM hone se nirvikalpa darzana pramANa nahIM hai, jaise vaizeSikoM ke dvArA svIkRta sannikarSa yA kApiloM dvArA mAnI gayI indriyavRtti Adi pramANa nahIM hai| prakaraNa meM avagraha nAma kA matijJAna pramANa siddha ho jAtA hai, usakA sAkSAt yAnI avyavahita uttarakAla yA samAna kAla meM hI hone vAlA phala sva aura artha kA vyavasAya karA denA hai tathA avagraha kA paramparA se hone vAlA phala IhA jJAna athavA hAna, upAdAna, upekSAbuddhiyA~ karA denA hai| bhAvArtha : jaina siddhAntAnusAra dIpa aura prakAza ke samAna samakAla padArthoM meM bhI kAryakAraNa bhAva hai| kArya meM vyApAra karane vAle kAraNa kArya se pUrvakSaNa meM rahane caahie| kintu kAraNa ke sAtha kathaMcit abheda sambandha rakhane vAle nivRtti, vyavahAraprayojakatva Adi kArya to kAraNa ke samAnakAla meM raha jAte haiN| zaMkA : pramANa se phala ko apRthak (abheda) rUpa mAnane para pramANa aura pramANa ke phala kI vyavasthA kaise ho sakatI hai ? kyoMki isa prakAra mAnane meM virodha AtA hai| arthAt pramANa aura pramANa kA phala eka hI samaya eka padArtha meM sAtha nahIM rahate haiN| samAdhAna : isa prakAra kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aneka dharmasvarUpa eka jJAna ke bhI pramiti ke sAdhakatama kI apekSA pramANapanA vyavasthita hai aura usI jJAna ko svakIya jJAna kriyApana kI apekSA se
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 290 phltvvyvsthaanaadvirodhaanvtaaraat| kathamekaM jJAnaM karaNaM kriyA ca yugapaditi cet tacchaktidvayayogAt paavkaadivt| pAvako dahatyauSNyenetyatra hi dahanakriyA tatkAraNaM cauSNyaM yugapatpAvake dRSTaM tacchaktidvayasaMbaMdhAditi nirnniitpraayN| nanvarthopi vaizadyasya pratisaMkhyAnAnirodhyatvasya cAsaMbhavAnna tatovagrahasyAkSajatvasiddhiriti parAkUtamupadarya nirAkurute;nirvikalpakayA dRSTyA gRhIterthe svlkssnne| tadAnyApohasAmAnyagocaro'vagraho sphuTaH // 33 // sahabhAvI vikalpopi nirvikalpakayA dRshaa| parikalpanayA vAto niSedhya iti kecana // 34 // . tdstsvaarthsNvitterviklptvduussnnaat| sadA sa vyavasAyAkSajJAnasyAnubhavAtsvayam // 35 // phalapanA bhI vyavasthita hai| isameM virodha doSa kA avatAra nahIM hai| arthAt dIpa hI prakAza kA kAraNa hai, aura pradIpa hI prakAza karanA rUpa kriyA hai, isameM koI virodha nhiiN| eka jJAna eka hI samaya meM eka sAtha karaNa aura kriyA rUpa kaise ho sakatA hai ? aisI zaMkA karane para jainAcArya samAdhAna karate haiM ki una do kAryoM ko karAne vAlI do zaktiyoM ke yoga hone se do kArya hote haiM-jaise ki agni, pASANa Adi padArtha apanI aneka zaktiyoM ke bala se eka samaya meM aneka kAryoM ko kara dete haiN| agni apanI uSNatA se jala rahI hai yA jalA rahI hai| isa prakAra yahA~ jalanArUpa kriyA aura usakA kAraNa uSNapanA eka hI samaya agni meM una do dAhyatva, dAhakatva zaktiyoM ke sambandha se hote dekhe gaye haiN| usakA nirNaya pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| arthAt eka padArtha meM do tIna kyA anekAneka zaktiyA~ vidyamAna haiM aura unake kArya bhI satata hote rahate haiN| alpajJa jIvoM ko unake katipaya kArya jJAta ho jAte haiM, bahuta se jJAta nahIM hote haiN| zaMkA : avagrahajJAna ke vizadapana aura pratikUla pramANa se anirodhyapana kI asambhavatA hai ataH una hetuoM se avagraha ke arthajanyatva yA indriyajanyatva kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| samAdhAna : isa prakAra dUsare prativAdiyoM kI anadhikAra ceSTA ko dikhalAkara AcArya usakA nirAkaraNa karate haiN| bauddha kahatA hai-paramArthabhUta nirvikalpaka darzana ke dvArA gRhIta vastubhUta artha ke svalakSaNa kA avastubhUta anyApoha sAmAnya ko viSaya karane vAlA avagraha jJAna hotA hai| ('yaha vidyArthI hai', 'yaha vastra hai, isa prakAra sAmAnya ko jAnane vAlA avagraha saba jIvoM ke prakaTa hokara anubhUta ho rahA hai ) / athavA 'avagrahosphuTaH' aisA vaha sAmAnyagrAhI avagraha aspaSTa jJAna hai ataH avagraha vizada nahIM ho sakatA // 33 // nirvikalpaka darzana ke sahabhAvI avagraharUpa vikalpajJAna, nirvikalpaka darzana ke dvArA athavA dUsarI pratikalpanA se niSedhya hai ataH avagrahajJAna pratisaMkhyAna se anirodhya nahIM ho sakatA isa prakAra koI kahatA hai||34|| jainAcArya kahate haiM bauddhoM kA yaha kathana samIcIna nahIM hai kyoMki samyagjJAna ke dvArA huI sva aura artha kI saMvitti
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 291 manasoryugapadavRttiH sviklpaaviklpyoH| mohAdaikyaM vyavasyaMtItyasatpRthagapIkSaNAt // 36 // laiMgikAdivikalpasyAspaSTAtmattvopalaMbhanAt / yuktA nAkSavikalpAnAmaspaSTAtmakatoditA // 37 // anyathA taimirasyAkSajJAnasya bhrAMtatekSaNAt / sarvAkSasaMvido bhrAMtyA kinnoAte vikalpakaiH // 38 // ko nirvikalpaka kahanA dUSaNa hai| arthAt vaha saMvitti nirvikalpa nahIM hai, kyoMki nizcayAtmaka sahita indriyajanya jJAnoM kA svayaM anubhava ho rahA hai| nirvikalpaka jJAna se svArthoM kI saMvitti nahIM ho pAtI hai||35|| bauddhoM ke yahA~ jJAna pariNati do prakAra kI mAnI hai| eka to eka hI jJAnadhArA meM krama se zIghrazIghra nirvikalpakajJAna aura savikalpaka jJAna kA utpanna honA, dUsarA do jJAnadhArAoM kI sAtha-sAtha pravRtti honaa| ataH manarUpa do jJAnoM kI yugapat pravRtti hone ke kAraNa vyavahArI jana moha se savikalpaka aura nirvikalpaka jJAnoM kI ekatA kA nirNaya kara lete haiN| athavA do jJAnadhArAoM meM sadA rahane vAlI savikalpaka aura nirvikalpaka jJAnoM kI pravRttiyA~ hI moha se donoM ke aikya kA nizcaya karA detI haiN| ata: vyavahArI puruSa savikalpaka ke vyavasAya dharma kA nirvikalpaka jJAna meM adhyAropa kara letA hai aura nirvikalpaka ke spaSTatva dharma kA savikalpaka mithyAjJAna meM adhyavasAya kara letA hai| isa prakAra bauddhoM kA kahanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai, kyoMki pRthak-pRthak bhI svArthavyavasAya hotA dekhA jAtA hai| arthAt kisI padArtha meM prakRta dharma kI bAdhA upasthita hone para phira kadAcit usa dharma ke dIkha jAne se vahA~ usakA Aropa kara liyA jAtA hai, jaise japAkusuma ke sannidhAna se sphaTika meM raktimA kA Aropa kiyA jAtA hai, kintu sarvadA samyagjJAna ke dvArA svArtha vyavasAya kA jaba samvedana ho rahA hai, to aisI dazA meM adhyAropa karane kA avakAza nahIM rahatA hai||36|| .. liMgajanya anumAna jJAna yA zrutajJAna Adi vikalpajJAnoM kA avizadapanA upalabdha hai ata: indriyajanya vikalpajJAnoM ko bhI avizadasvarUpapanA kahanA yukta nahIM hai| arthAt kucha jJAnoM ko aspaSTa dekhakara sabhI jJAnoM ko avizada nahIM kaha skte| anyathA (anumAna ke samAna pratyakSajJAna ko bhI yadi aspaSTa kaha diyA jAvegA to) kAmalA roga vAle taimirika puruSa ke cakSuindriyajanya jJAna kA bhrAntapanA dekhane se nirdoSa A~khoM vAle anya sampUrNa jIvoM ke indriyapratyakSoM ko bhI bhrAntirUpa se tarkaNA kyoM nahI kara lI jAtI hai? kyoMki, vikalpa karane vAle bauddha sadRza bhramI jIvoM ko eka dekhakara sabako vaisA kahate haiM // 37-38 // jaina kahate haiM ki isa prakAra sva ko abhISTa nIla darzana aura nIla vikalpoM ke samAna vaha sahabhAva bhI godarzana aura azvavikalpoM meM ekapane kA vyavasAya kyoM nahIM karA detA hai? arthAt nirvikalpakajJAna dhArA meM hue pratyakSa godarzana meM savikalpakajJAnadhArA ke avizada azvavikalpa kA paraspara dharma ho jAnA caahie| yadi bauddha kaheM ki godarzana aura azvavikalpa meM iSTa kI gayI vizeSa pratyAsatti nahIM hai| ata: eka ke dharma kA dUsare meM Aropa nahIM hotA hai, kintu nIla svalakSaNa ke darzana aura nIla vikalpa meM vaha vizeSa pratyAsatti ekaviSayatva vidyamAna haiM ata: nirvikalpaka aura savikalpaka kA ekatva adhyavasAya ho jAtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 292 sahabhAvopi godRssttiturNgmviklpyoH| kinnaikatvaM vyavasyaMti sveSTadRSTivikalpavat // 39 // .. pratyAsattivizeSasyAbhAvAccetsotra koprH| taadaatmyaadeksaamgydhiintvsyaavishesstH||40|| tAdRzI vAsanA kAcidekatvavyavasAyakRt / sahabhAvAvizeSepi kayozcid dRgvikalpayoH // 41 // sAbhISTA yogyatAsmAkaM kssyopshmlkssnnaa| spaSTatvekSavikalpasya heturnAnyasya jAtucit // 42 // tannirNayAtmakaH siddhovagraho vstugocrH| spaSTAbhokSabalodbhUto'spaSTo vyaMjanagocaraH // 43 // spaSTAkSAvagrahajJAnAvaraNakSayopazamayogyatA hi spaSTAkSAvagrahasya heturaspaSTAkSAvagrahajJAnAvaraNakSayopazamalakSaNA punaraspaSTAkSAvagrahasyeti tata evobhayorapyavagrahaH siddhaH paropagamasya vaasnaadestddhetutvaasNbhvaat| saMpratIhAM vicaaryitumupkrmyte| kimaniMdriyajaivAhosvidakSajaivobhayajaiva veti| tatra taba to jaina kahate haiM ki vaha vizeSa pratyAsatti tAdAtmyasambandha ke anya aura kyA ho sakatI hai? eka hI tAdAtmya sambandha sAmagrI ke adhInapanArUpa sambandha donoM yAnI nIladarzana nIlavikalpa aura godarzana azvavikalpa meM vizeSatArahita hokara vidyamAna hai ata: eka sAmagrI ke vaza rahanA to niyAmaka nahIM ho skaa| hA~, tAdAtmya sambandha se saba nirvAha ho jAtA hai||39-40|| ___ saha bhAva kI avizeSatA hone para bhI kinhIM-kinhIM vizeSa darzana vikalpoM meM hI ekatva ke adhyavasAya ko karAne vAlI vaisI hI vAsanA hai, kintu godarzana, azvavikalpa Adi sabhI darzana vikalpoM meM sahabhAva ke samAnarUpa hone para bhI ekapane kA nirNaya nahIM karAtI hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki hamAre yahA~ bhI isako kSayopazamasvarUpa yogyatA mAnI hai, indriyajanya vikalpajJAnoM ke spaSTapana meM vaha spaSTa jJAnAvaraNa kSayopazama yogyatA hI kAraNa hai, anya anumAna AgamajJAna yA bhrAntajJAnoM ke kabhI bhI spaSTatA nahIM karA sakatI hai||41-42|| _ata: siddha huA ki sAmAnya, vizeSAtmaka vastu ko viSaya karane vAlA nizcayAtmaka avagraha jJAna hai, indriyoM kI sAmarthya se utpanna huA dravyasvarUpa vyakta artha ko prakAzita karane vAlA arthAvagraha spaSTa hai aura avyakta zabda, rasa, gandha, sparza, svarUpa vyaMjana ko jAnane vAlA vyaMjana avagraha aspaSTa hai| arthAt spaSTatA aura aspaSTatA kA sambandha viSaya se nahIM hai| kintu viSaya jJAna ke kAraNa jJAnAvaraNa kSayopazama vizeSa se hai||43|| spaSTa indriyajanya avagrahajJAna kA AvaraNa karane vAle karmoM ke kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA niyama se indriyajanya spaSTa avagraha kA kAraNa hai aura aspaSTa indriya avagrahajJAna ke AvaraNa karmoM ke kSayopazama svarUpa yogyatA hI aspaSTa indriya avagraha kA hetu hai| isa prakAra artha aura vyaMjana donoM kA bhI avagraha siddha ho jAtA hai| dUsare bauddha, advaitavAdI Adi vidvAnoM dvArA mAnI gayI vAsanA, yugapat vRtti, indriya, avidyA Adi ko spaSTapana yA aspaSTapana ke lie indriyajanya avagraha ke matijJAna kI hetutA kI asambhavatA hai| avagraha kA kathana pUrNa ho gyaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 293 nehAnidriyajaivAkSavyApArApekSaNA sphuttaa| svAkSavyApRtyabhAvesyAH prabhavAbhAvanirNayAt // 44 // na hi mAnasaM pratyakSamIhAstu spaSTatvAdakSajJAnasamanaMtarapratyayatvAcca nizcayAtmakamapi jAtyAdikalpanArahitamabhrAMtaM ceti kazcit / tadanizcayAtmakameva nirvikalpasyAbhrAMtasya ca nishcyaatmvirodhaadityprH| tanmatamapAkurvannAha;nApIyaM mAnasaM jnyaanmkssvitsmnNtrN| nizcayAtmakamanyadvA spaSTAbhaM tata eva nH||45|| tasya pratyakSarUpasya pramANena prasiddhitaH / svasaMvedanatonyasya kalpanaM kimu niSphalam // 46 // maanssmrnnsyaakssjnyaanaadutpttysNbhvaat| vijAtIyAtprakalpyeta yadi tattasya janma te // 47 // aba prakaraNaprApta IhA kA isa samaya vicAra karane ke lie upakrama racA jAtA hai| kyA mana, indriya se hI utpanna hone vAlI IhA hai? athavA bahiraMga indriyoM se hI utpanna IhAjJAna hai? yA indriya anindriya donoM se utpanna IhAjJAna hai? isa prakAra prazna hone para unameM se eka-eka vikalpa kA vicAra karate kevala mana se hI utpanna IhA nahIM hai, kyoMki sabhI indriyoM ke vyApAra kI apekSA rakhane vAlI IhA spaSTa pratIta ho rahI hai| AtmA aura indriya ke vyApAra nahIM hone para usa IhA kI utpatti ke abhAva kA nirNaya hai| arthAt-kevala mana se hI IhA utpanna nahIM ho jAtI hai| kintu AtmA aura bahiraMga indriyA~ bhI IhA kI utpatti meM vyApAra karatI haiM ataH IhA ubhayajanyA hai||44|| kevala mAnasapratyakSa hI IhA jJAna nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha IhA jJAna spaSTapanA hone ke kAraNa aura indriyajanya avagraha jJAna ke avyavahita uttaravartIjJAna hone ke kAraNa nizcayAtmaka bhI hai| arthAt-mAnasa pratyakSa ke atirikta bhI savikalpaka, nizcayAtmaka, anya IhA jJAna saMbhava hai| vaha IhAjJAna jAti, sambandha, zabda yojanA Adi kalpanAoM se rahita hai aura bhrAnti rahita hai 'kalpanApoDhamabhrAntaM pratyakSaM' isa prakAra koI * (tathAgata) kaha rahA hai| tathA vaha IhAjJAna anizcayasvarUpa hI hai, nizcayAtmaka nahIM hai, kyoMki bhrAnti rahita nirvikalpakajJAna ko nizcaya svarUpa hone kA virodha hai| isa prakAra koI dUsarA bauddha kaha rahA hai| unake mata kA nivAraNa karate hue AcArya mahArAja kahate haiM - yaha IhA jJAna mana indriya janya mAnasa pratyakSa hI nahIM hai kyoMki indriyajanya jJAna ke avyavahita uttarakAla meM IhAjJAna utpanna hotA hai| isalie IhAjJAna nizcayAtmaka, athavA anya bhI (agRhIta grAhaka, pratipattA ko apekSaNIya, samAropa niSedhaka Adi) vizeSaNoM se yukta hai| isalie hamane IhAjJAna ko spaSTa prakAza ke iSTa kiyA hai||45|| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSarUpa usa IhAjJAna kI pramANa ke dvArA prasiddhi hai tathA svasaMvedana pratyakSa se IhAjJAna pratyakSasvarUpa hai ataH isase IhAjJAna kI vyartha anya kalpanA kyoM kI jAtI hai? // 46 // .. yadi IhA ko mAnasa smaraNajJAna svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai to IhA kI bahiraMga indriyajanya jJAnoM se utpatti honA asambhava ho jAtA hai, kyoMki indriyapratyakSa jJAna se mAnasasmaraNa kI jAti pRthak hai| yadi bauddha * vijAtIya indriyajJAna se bhI usa mAnasasmaraNa kI utpatti kalpita karate haiM taba to mAnasapratyakSa kA janma
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 294 tadAkSavedanaM ca syAtsamanaMtarakAraNam / manodhyakSasya tasyaiva vailkssnnyaavishesstH||48|| pratyakSatvena vaishdyvstugocrtaatmnaa| sajAtIyaM manodhyakSamakSajJAnena cenmatam // 49 // smaraNaM saMvidAtmatvasaMtAnaikyena vstthaa| kinna siddhyedyatastasya tatropAdAnakArakam // 50 // anyathA na manodhyakSaM smaraNena slkssnnN| asyopAdAnatApAyAdityanarthakakalpanam // 51 // smaraNAkSavidobhinnau saMtAnau cedanarthakam / manodhyakSaM vinApyasmAtsmaraNotpattisaMbhavAt // 52 // akSajJAnaM hi puurvsmaadkssjnyaanaadythodiyaat| smRtiH smRtestathAnAdikAryakAraNatedRzI // 53 // saMtAnaikye tyorkssjnyaanaatsmRtismudbhvH| pUrvaM tadvAsanAyuktAdakSajJAnaM ca kevalAt // 54 // avyavahita pUrvavartI indriyajJAna se hI ho sakatA hai, pUrvavartI indriya jJAna hI usakA kAraNa ho sakatA hai, kyoMki usIke samAna vilakSaNapanA vizeSatArahita rUpa se rahatA hai||47-48|| .. paramArthavastu ko vizadarUpa se viSaya kara lene vAlA pratyakSa kI apekSA mAnasa pratyakSa bhI indriyajanya jJAna kI samAna jAti vAlA hai-aisA mAnane para to tumhAre (bauddhoM ke) jaise indriyapratyakSa aura mAnasapratyakSa ko pratyakSa kI apekSA se sajAtIya mAna liyA jAtA hai, to usI prakAra jJAnasvarUpa saMtAna ke ekatva kI apekSA se smaraNa bhI indriya jJAna ke sAtha samAna lakSaNa vAlA sajAtIya kyoM nahIM siddha hogA? ataH usa indriyajJAna ko usa smaraNa meM yA IhA jJAna meM upAdAna kAraNapanA bana hI jAtA hai| arthAt smaraNa yA IhA kA upAdAna kAraNa indrijanya jJAna ho sakatA hai| kyoMki jJAnapane kI apekSA unameM saMjAtIyatA hai||49-50|| anyathA (ukta prakAra se sajAtIyapane ko yadi svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAtA hai to) smaraNa ke sAtha sajAtIya mAnasa pratyakSa nahIM ho sakegA, aisI dazA meM isa mAnasa pratyakSa ko smaraNa kI upAdAna kAraNatA kA abhAva to AegA, ata: indriyajJAna aura smaraNa ke bIca meM mAnasa pratyakSa kI kalpanA karanA vyartha hai| arthAt indriyajJAna se avyavahita kAla meM upAdeyabhUta smaraNa jJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai bIca meM mAnasika pratyakSa kI kalpanA karanA vyartha hai||51|| ___yadi smaraNajJAna aura indriyajJAna donoM bhinna-bhinna santAna haiM taba to mAnasa pratyakSa kI kalpanA karanA vyartha hai, kyoMki isa mAnasa pratyakSa ke binA bhI smaraNa jJAna kI utpatti honA sambhava hai| jisa prakAra indriyajanya jJAna apane pahale indriyajJAnarUpa upAdAna se utpanna ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra smRtijJAna bhI pahale ke smaraNarUpa upAdAna se utpanna ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra kI kAryakAraNatA bauddha mAnyatAnusAra anAdi kAla se calI A rahI hai|52-53|| yadi bauddha una indriyajJAna aura smaraNajJAna kI ekasantAna svIkAra karatA hai to indriyajJAna svarUpa upAdAna se smRti kI utpatti ho sakatI hai| vAsanArahita kevala pUrva ke akSajJAna se indriyajJAna utpanna hogA, arthAt pUrvakAla kI usakI vAsanA se sahita viziSTa akSajJAna se smaraNajJAna utpanna ho jAyeMgA // 54 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 295 saha smRtyakSavijJAne tataH syAtAM kadAcana / saugatAnAmiti vyarthaM manodhyakSaprakalpanaM // 55 // syAdvAdinAM punrjnyaanaavRtticchedvishesstH| samAnetaravijJAnasaMtAno na virudhyate // 56 // nanvevaM parasyApi samAnetarajJAnasaMtAnaikatvamadRSTavizeSAdevAviruddhamatokSajJAnasamanaMtarapratyayaM nizcayAtmakaM mAnasapratyakSaM siddhyatItyabhyupagamepi dUSaNamAha;pratyakSaM mAnasaM svArthanizcayAtmakamasti cet / spaSTAbhamakSavijJAnaM kimarthakyAdupeyate // 57 // akSasaMvedanAbhAve tasyotpattau virodhtH| sarveSAmaMdhatAdInAM kRtaM tatkalpanaM ydi||58|| tadAkSAniMdriyotpAdyaM svArthanizcayanAtmakaM / rUpAdivedanaM yuktamekaM khyApayituM satAm // 59 // yadi bauddha smaraNa aura indriyajJAna kI santAna dhArAe~ do mAneMge, taba to bauddhoM ke yahA~ una do santAnoM se kabhI-kabhI smaraNa aura akSajJAna sAtha ho jAeMge ata: madhya meM mAnasa pratyakSa kI kalpanA karanA vyartha hai||55|| hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama vizeSa se sajAtIya aura vijAtIya jJAnoM kI santAna kA utpanna honA viruddha nahIM hai| arthAt-indriyajJAna ke uttara kAla meM smaraNa AvaraNa kA kSayopazama hone para usase smaraNajJAna ho jAtA hai, aura indriya AvaraNa kA kSayopazama hone para indriya jJAna se indriyajJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai| arthAt eka caitanya kI dhArA se pratipakSI karmoM ke kSayopazama yA kSaya anusAra vijAtIyajJAna vyakta hote rahate haiN| avadhijJAna, zrutajJAna kA upAdAna ho jAe aura zrutajJAna manaHparyaya kA upAdAna ho jAe tathA zrutajJAna se kevalajJAna upAdeya ho jAe, isameM koI virodha nahIM AtA hai||56|| . zaMkA : isa prakAra syAdvAdiyoM ke anusAra dUsare bauddhoM ke yahA~ bhI puNya pAparUpa adRSTa vizeSa se hI sajAtIya vijAtIya jJAnoM kI saMtAna kA ekapanA aviruddha ho jAtA hai| arthAt-eka santAna meM hI adRSTa . . anusAra krama se sajAtIya vijAtIya jJAna utpanna ho jaaeNge| isase indriyajanyajJAna ko avyavahita pUrvavartI kAraNa mAnakara nizcayasvarUpa mAnasapratyakSa kI utpatti siddha ho jAtI hai| . isa para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra svIkAra karane para bhI dUSaNa AtA hai| usako Age aura spaSTa karate haiM - yadi bauddhoM ke yahA~ apanA aura artha kA nizcaya karAne vAlA mAnasa pratyakSa abhISTa hai to spaSTa prakAzita indriyajanya nirvikalpakajJAna kisa prayojana kI apekSA se svIkAra kiyA jA rahA hai arthAt svapara kA nirNaya karane vAle mAnasa pratyakSa ke mAna lene para usake pUrva meM indriyajanya nirvikalpakajJAna mAnanA vyartha hai||57|| yadi bauddha kahe ki indriyajanya nirvikalpaka jJAna ke nahIM hone para usa mAnasa pratyakSa kI utpatti meM virodha AtA hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para indriya pratyakSa ke binA sabhI andhe, bahare Adi indriyavikala jIvoM ke bhI mAnasa pratyakSa hojAne kA prasaMga AyegA ataH usa indriyapratyakSa kI kalpanA karanA saphala hai| - AcArya kahate haiM ki taba to sajjana puruSoM ko indriya aura anindriya se utpatti karane yogya aura svArthoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 296 yathaiva hyakSavyApArAbhAve mAnasapratyakSasya nizcayAtmakasyotpattau jAtyaMdhAdInAmapi tadutpattiprasaMgAdadhabadhiratAdivirodhastathA manovyApArApAyepyakSajJAnasyotpattirviguNamanaskasyApi tadutpattiprasaMgAt manaskArApekSatvavirodha ityakSamanopekSamakSajJAnamakSamanopekSatvAdeva ca nizcayAtmakamastu kimanyena mAnasapratyakSeNa // nanu yadyekamevedamiMdriyAniMdriyanimittarUpAdijJAnaM tadA kathaM kramatovagrahehAsvabhAvau parasparaM bhinnau syAtAM nocetkathamekaM tadvirodhAdityatrocyate kA nizcaya karanA svarUpa aisA rUpa, rasa, sukha Adi ko viSaya karane vAlA ekajJAna mAna lenA yukta hai| arthAt indriya, anindriyoM se utpanna aura svArthoM kA nizcaya karAne vAle tathA rUpa Adi ko viSaya karane vAle eka matijJAna ko mAnanA cAhie // 58-59 // jaise indriya vyApAra ke nahIM hone para nizcayAtmaka mAnasa pratyakSa kI utpatti mAnane meM janmAMdha, janmabadhira, Adi jIvoM ko bhI rUpa, zabda, sukha Adi ke jJAnajanya una mAnasa pratyakSoM kI utpatti ho jAne kA prasaMga AegA aura aisA hone para andhapanA, bahirApanA, pAgalapana Adi vyavahAra kA virodha AtA hai| usI prakAra mana ke vyApAra binA bhI yadi indriyajanya jJAna kI utpatti mAnI jAegI to amanaska yA anyagatamanaska athavA vibhrAntamanaska jIva ke bhI usa indriyajJAna kI utpatti ho jAne kA prasaMga hogA, aura aisA hone para jagat meM prasiddha mana kI jJAna sukhAdika meM tatparatA kI apekSA rakhane kA virodha hogA / isalie matijJAna akSa aura mana kI apekSA rakhane vAlA hai-indriyajJAna hone se lokaprasiddha akSa aura mana kI apekSA rakhane vAle jJAna ke samAna tathA isI kAraNa vaha eka matijJAna nizcayAtmaka hai| isa prakAra siddha ho jAne para phira anya nirvikalpaka mAnasa pratyakSa ke mAnane se kyA lAbha hai? ataH indriya aura anindriyajanya jJAnoM se utpanna huA IhAjJAna mAnanA caahie| zaMkA : jaina siddhAnta meM yaha indriya aura anindriyarUpa nimittoM se utpanna huA rUpa, sukha Adi kA jJAna yadi eka hI mAnA gayA hai, taba to krama se hone vAle avagraha aura IhAsvarUpa jJAna paraspara meM bhinna kaise ho sakeMge? isa prakAra ve avagraha, IhA bhinna nahIM hokara abhinna ho jAeMge aura yadi jaina unako abhinna na mAneMge yAnI svasiddhAnta anusAra bhinna-bhinna mAnate raheMge to phira una jJAnoM ko eka matijJAna kaise kaha sakeMge? kyoMki bheda aura ekatva kA virodha hai| isa prakAra kI zaMkA kA AcArya samAdhAna karate haiM jIva ke jJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazamavizeSa ke krama ko hetu mAnakara utpanna hue tathA dravya aura paryAya ko viSaya karane vAle avagraha, IhAsvarUpa jJAna krama se utpanna hote haiN| una avagraha Adi jJAnoM meM eka hI samaya svagrahaNa kI apekSA se pratyakSapanA aura viSaya aMza kI apekSA se parokSapanA viruddha nahIM hai, tathA upayogarUpa vyakti aura yogyatArUpa zaktiyukta eka arthasahitapanA bhI viruddha nahIM hai, kyoMki nIla, pIta Adi vicitra pratibhAsane vAle citrajJAna ke samAna avagraha, IhA Adi kI vaisI pratIti hotI hai? bhAvArtha : sautrAntika bauddhoM ke matAnusAra ye tIna dRSTAnta samajhanA caahie| bauddhoM ne zuddhajJAna aMza
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 297 . krmaadvgrhhaatmdrvypryaaygocrN| jIvasyAvRtivicchedavizeSakramahetukam // 60 // ttsmkssetrvyktishktyekaarthvdekdaa| na viruddhaM vicitrAbhajJAnavadvA prtiititH||61|| pratyakSaparokSavyaktizaktirUpamekamarthaM vicitrAbhAsaM jJAnaM vA svayamaviruddhaM yugapadabhyupagacchat kramato dravyaparyAyAtmakamarthaM paricchiMdadavagrahehAsvabhAvabhinnamekaM matijJAnaM viruddhamudbhAvayatIti kathaM vizuddhAtmA? tdshkyvivecnsyaavishessaat| na hyekasyAtmano varNasaMsthAnAdivizeSaNadravyatadvizeSyagrAhiNAvagrahehApratyayau svahetukramAtkramazo bhavanna vAtmAMtaraM netuM zakyau saMtau zakyavivecanau na syAtAM citrajJAnavat tathA pratIteravizeSAt / kathaM punaravAyaH syAdityAha; ko pratyakSa mAnA hai aura vedya, vedaka, samvitti aMzoM ko parokSa mAnA hai| tathA zuddha jJAna advaitavAdiyoM ne jJAna aMza kI vyakti mAnI hai, aura vedya, vedaka, samvitti aMzoM ke viveka kI jJAna meM zakti mAnI hai| sAMkhyoM ne bhI prakRtirUpa eka artha ko eka hI samaya zakti aura vyaktirUpa mAnA hai, evaM aneka AkArarUpa pratibhAsoM se yuktajJAna bhI bauddhoM ne iSTa kiyA hai| ina dRSTAntoM se avagraha, IhA Adi ko dravyaparyAyasvarUpa artha ko grahaNa karane vAlA eka matijJAnapanA bhI viruddha nahIM hai||60-61|| mImAMsaka eka hI samaya meM eka hI padArtha vyakti kI apekSA se pratyakSasvarUpa aura usI samaya usakI atIndriya zaktiyoM kI apekSA se parokSasvarUpa se svIkAra karatA hai tathA bauddha svayaM yugapat nIla, pIta Adika vicitra pratibhAsa vAle eka citrajJAna ko aviruddha rUpa se svIkAra karate haiM, kintu dravya aura paryAyasvarUpa artha ko krama se jAnane vAle tathA avagraha, IhArUpa svabhAvoM se bhedabhAva ko prApta matijJAna ko eka mAnane meM virodha doSa kA udbhAva karate haiN| isa prakAra pakSapAtagrasta prativAdI vizuddha AtmA vAlA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? jisa prakAra bhinna-bhinna, pRthak karane kI azakyatA citrajJAna Adi padArthoM meM hai, vaise hI azakyavivecanA avagraha, IhA svabhAva vAle matijJAna meM bhI hai| ina donoM meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| eka hI AtmA ke apane-apane hetuoM ke kramAnusAra krama-krama se hone vAle aura varNa, saMsthAna Adi vizeSaNarUpa paryAya aura una paryAyoM se sahita vizeSya dravya ko grahaNa karane vAle avagraha IhA svarUpa do jJAna anya AtmAoM meM prApta karAne ke lie zakya nahIM hai| eka AtmA ke eka matijJAnasvarUpa avagraha, IhA jJAna citrajJAna ke samAna pRthak karane yogya nahIM ho skeNge| avagraha, IhAjJAna aura citrajJAna meM usa prakAra kI pratIti hone kA koI vizeSa nahIM hai| eka padArtha aneka dharmAtmaka hai| isa siddhAnta ko hama kaI bAra nirNIta kara cuke haiN| tIsarA avAya matijJAna kisa prakAra kA hogA ? isa prakAra pratipAdya kI jijJAsA hone para zrI vidyAnanda svAmI avAya kA lakSaNa kahate haiM avagrahajJAna se gRhIta artha ke vizeSa aMzoM kI AkAMkSA karane vAle IhAjJAna se utpanna nirNayaAtmaka spaSTa avAyajJAna hai| vaha avAyajJAna indriyajanya hai aura avAya ko AvaraNa karane vAle karmoM ke kSayopazama se hone vAlA hai| usa avAyajJAna ke nahIM hone para IhAjJAna se jAna liye gaye usa Ihita viSaya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 298 avgrhgRhiitaarthbhedmaakaaNksstokssjH| spaSTovAyastadAvArakSayopazamatotra tu||62|| saMzayo vA viparyAsastadabhAve kutshcn| tenehAto vibhinnosau saMzItibhrAMtihetutaH // 63 // vipriitsvbhaavtvaatsNshyaadhnibNdhnN| avAyaM hi prabhASate kecid dRDhataratvataH // 6 // akSajJAnatayA tvaikyamIhayAvagraheNa c| yAtyavAyaH kramAtpuMsastathAtvena vivartanAt // 65 // vicchedAbhAvataH spaSTapratibhAsasya dhaarnnaa| paryaMtasyopayuktAkSanarasyAnubhavAtsvayam // 66 // nanu ca yatraivAvagrahagRhItArthasya vizeSapravartanamIhAyAstatraivAvAyasya dhAraNAyAzca tato nAvAyadhAraNayoH pramANatvaM gRhItagrahaNAditi parAkUtamanUdya pratikSipannAha;meM kisI kAraNa se saMzaya yA viparyayajJAna ho sakatA hai, ata: saMzaya aura viparyaya ke nimittakAraNa IhAjJAna se avAyajJAna sarvathA bhinna hai| bhAvArtha : manuSya kA avagraha ho jAne para dakSiNadezIya yA uttaradezIya kI zaMkA upasthita ho jAne para yaha manuSya dakSiNI honA cAhie, aisA IhAjJAna utpanna hotA hai, kintu IhAjJAna se vaha saMzaya sarvathA dUra nahIM ho sakA hai| uttarI ko dakSiNI kaha diyA gayA ho aisA viparyaya ho jAnA bhI sambhava hai| isa viparyayajJAna kA nirAsa bhI IhA se nahIM ho sakA hai| kintu avAyajJAna se saMzaya aura viparyaya donoM kA nirAsa kara diyA jAtA hai, ata: apane-apane niyata viSayoM meM avagraha, IhA jJAna bhI vyavasAyAtmaka hai||62-63|| / kisI kA kathana hai ki saMzaya, viparyaya jJAnoM ke viparIta svabhAvavAlA hone se avAyajJAna saMzaya Adi jJAnoM kA kAraNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha avAyajJAna atyanta adhika dRr3hasvarUpa hai||64|| indriyajanya kI apekSA avagraha aura IhA ke sAtha avAyajJAna ekatA ko prApta hai kyoMki cetana AtmA kA krama-krama se usa prakAra avagraha, IhA, avAyarUpa se pariNamana hotA rahatA hai // 65 // arthAt-sAmAnya matijJAna kI apekSA avagraha IhA avAya eka hI haiN| avagraha Adi jJAnoM kA viccheda karane vAle karmoM ke kSayopazamarUpa abhAva ho jAne se avagraha Adi dhAraNAparyanta spaSTa pratibhAsane vAle jJAnoM kA svayaM vaisA anubhava ho rahA hai ata: akSarUpa AtmA yA indriya ko kAraNa mAnakara avagraha Adi kA AtmalAbha karanA upayogI hai||66|| zaMkA : jisa artha ko avagraha ne gRhIta kiyA hai, usI gRhIta artha ke vizeSa aMzoM meM IhAjJAna kI pravRtti hotI hai ata: IhAjJAna to pramANa ho sakatA hai kintu jahA~ IhAjJAna kI pravRtti hai, vahA~ hI avAyajJAna kI pravRtti hai, usI meM dhAraNA jJAna kI pravRtti hotI hai ataH avAya aura dhAraNA ko pramANapanA nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki ina donoM jJAnoM ne gRhIta viSaya ko hI grahaNa kiyA hai| isa prakAra dUsare prativAdiyoM ke saceSTa kathana kA khaNDana karate hue zrI vidyAnanda AcArya kahate haiM samAdhAna : samIcIna IhA jJAna ke dvArA jAne gaye svakIya artha meM avAya aura dhAraNAjJAnoM kI pravRtti hotI hai ataH gRhIta kA grahaNa karane se avAya aura dhAraNA ko yadi pramANapanA iSTa nahIM kiyA jAyegA, taba to tumhAre (bauddhoM ke) yahA~ anumAna pramANa se bhI apramANapana kA vyApAra hogA arthAt-anumAna bhI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 299 avAyasya pramANatvaM dhAraNAyAzca nessyte| samIhayehite svArthe gRhItagrahaNAditi // 67 // tadAnumApramANatvaM vyApriyAttata eva te| ityuktaM smaraNAdInAM prAmANyapratipAdane // 6 // satyapi gRhItagrAhitvevAyadhAraNayoH svasminnarthe ca pramANatvaM yuktmupyogvishessaat| na hi yathehAgRhNAti vizeSa kadAcitsaMzayAdihetutvena tathA cAvAya: tasya dRDhataratvena sarvadA saMzayAdyahetutvena vyaapaaraat| nApi yathAvAyaH kadAcidvismaraNahetutvenApi tatra vyApriyate tathA dhAraNA tasyAH kAlAMtarAvismaraNahetutvenopayogAdIhAvAyAbhyAM dRddhtmtvaat| prapaMcato nizcitaM caitatsmaraNAdipramANatvaprarUpaNAyAmiti neha prtnyte|| apramANa ho jAegA, kyoMki vaha anumAna bhI vyAptijJAna se gRhIta viSaya meM vyApAra karatA hai| isa bAta ko hama smaraNa tarka Adi jJAnoM ko pramANapanA pratipAdana karate samaya kaha cuke haiN||67-68|| - vizeSa upayoga se utpanna hone se gRhIta kA grAhakapanA hote hue bhI avAya aura dhAraNA jJAnoM kA sva aura artha viSaya ko jAnane meM pramANapanA mAnanA yukta hai, kyoMki, jisa prakAra IhA jJAna artha ke vizeSa ko kabhI-kabhI saMzaya, viparyaya Adi ke kAraNa ko jAnatA hai, usI prakAra avAya nahIM jAnatA hai, kyoMki vaha avAyajJAna apane viSaya ko jAnane meM atidRr3ha hai| isa kAraNa sabhI kAloM meM saMzaya Adi kA hetu nahIM ho karake avAya apane viSaya ko jAnane meM vyApAra kara rahA hai| arthAt-IhA jJAna hokara ke bhI usa viSaya meM saMzaya, viparyaya utpanna ho sakate haiN| kintu avAya ho jAne para usa viSaya meM kadAcit bhI saMzaya, viparyaya nahIM ho pAte haiN| tathA dhAraNA meM bhI jisa prakAra avAyajJAna kabhI-kabhI vismaraNa kA kAraNa hokara bhI usa artha ko jAnane meM vyApAra kara rahA hai, usI prakAra dhAraNAjJAna vyApAra nahIM kara rahA hai, kyoMki vaha dhAraNAjJAna to kAlAntara meM vismaraNa nahIM hone dene kA hetu hai| isalie avAyajJAna se dhAraNAjJAna vizeSa upayogI jJAna hai, ata: yaha dhAraNAjJAna avagraha, IhAjJAnoM se atyadhika dRr3ha hai| isa viSaya ko hama smaraNa Adi jJAnoM ke pramANapana kA prakRSTa kathana karane ke avasara meM vistAra se nizcita karA cuke haiM ata:yahA~ adhika vistAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| matijJAna ke vizeSa prabhedoM kA nirUpaNa karane ke lie zrI umAsvAmI AcArya kahate haiM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 300 . bahubahuvidhakSiprAnisRtAnuktadhruvANAM setarANAm // 16 // kimarthamidaM sUtraM brviiti| yadyavagrahAdiviSayavizeSanirjJAnArthaM tadA na vaktavyamuttaratra sarvajJAnAnAM viSayaprarUpaNAt prayojanAMtarAbhAvAditi manyamAnaM pratyAha;keSAM punarimevagrahAdayaH karmaNAmiti / prAha saMpratipattyarthaM bddhityaadiprbhedtH||1|| nAvagrahAdInAM viSayavizeSanirjJAnArthamidamucyate praadhaanyen| kiM trhi| bahvAdikarmadvAreNa teSAM prabhedanizcayArthaM karmaNi sssstthiividhaanaat| kathaM tarhi bahvAdInAM karmaNAmavagrahAdInAM ca kriyAvizeSANAM parasparamabhisaMbaMdha ityAha; bahuta adhika vastu yA bahuta saMkhyAvAlI vastu aura bahuta prakAra kI vastue~ tathA zIghra athavA sampUrNa nahIM nikale hue, nahIM kahe gaye aura nizcala tathA inase itara arthAt thor3e yA eka evaM eka prakAra yA alpa prakAra tathA cirakAla, pUrA nikalA huA, vacana se kahA gayA, asthira ina padArthoM ke avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA, smRti Adi jJAna hote haiN| pUrva sUtra meM kahe gaye jJAnoM ke ye bahu Adi bAraha padArtha viSaya haiN||16|| ___koI kahatA hai ki isa bahu Adi sUtra ko umAsvAmI mahArAja kisa lie kaha rahe haiM? yadi avagraha Adi jJAnoM ke vizeSa viSayoM kA nirNayajJAna karAne ke lie yaha sUtra kahA jAtA hai, taba to yaha sUtra nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki kucha Age calakara uttaravartI prakaraNa meM sampUrNa jJAnoM ke viSaya kA sUtrakAra dvArA spaSTa kathana kiyA hI jaaegaa| 'matizrutayornibandho' - yahA~ se lekara cAra sUtroM meM jJAna ke viSayoM kA nirUpaNa hai| isa viSayanirUpaNa ke atirikta anya koI prayojana dIkhatA nahIM hai| isa prakAra mAnane vAle vidvAn ke prati zrI vidyAnanda AcAya kahate haiM ye avagraha Adi kriyAvizeSa phira kina kAryoM ke hote haiM ? isako bheda-prabheda se samajhAne ke lie granthakAra umAsvAmI mahArAja ne bahu, bahuvidha ityAdi sUtra kahA hai||1|| avagraha Adi jJAnoM ke vizeSa viSayoM kA nirNaya karAne ke lie yaha sUtra pradhAnatA se nahIM kahA gayA hai, to kisa lie kahA gayA hai? aisI jijJAsA kA uttara hai ki bahu, bahuvidha Adika jJeya karmoM ke dvArA una avagraha Adi ke prabhedoM kA nizcaya karAne ke liye yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai| kartRkarmaNoH kRti SaSThI'- isa sUtra dvArA yahA~ karma meM SaSThI vibhakti kA vidhAna kiyA hai| arthAt avagrahNAti, Ihate, avaiti, dhArayatiisa prakAra gaNa ke rUpoM kA prayoga hone para to karma meM dvitIyA ho jAtI hai| kintu, kRdanta pratyayAnta avagraha, IhA, avAya, dhAraNA isa prakAra kriyAoM kA prayoga hone para to karma meM SaSThI vibhakti ho jAtI hai| ataH avagraha Adi jJAnoM ke vyApya bhedoM ko samajhAne ke lie yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai| ___ to phira bahu, bahuvidha Adi viSayabhUta karmoM kA aura avagraha Adi viSayI kriyAvizeSoM kA paraspara meM saba ora se kauna sA sambandha hai? isa prakAra kI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM bahu Adi karmoM kA aura avagraha Adi kriyAoM kA paraspara meM pratyeka ke sAtha saMzayarahita hokara
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 301 bahvAdyavagrahAdInAM prsprmsNshym| pratyekamabhisaMbaMdha: kAryo na samudAyataH // 2 // bahoH saMkhyAvizeSasyAvagraho vipulasya vaa| kSayopazamato nuH syAdIhAvAyotha dhAraNA // 3 // itarasyAbahorekadvitvAkhyasyAlpakasya vaa| setaragrahaNAdevaM pratyetavyamazeSataH // 4 // ___ bahuvidhasya vyAdiprakArasya vipulaprakArasya vA taditarasyaikadviprakArasyAlpaprakArasya vA, kSiprasyAcirakAlapravRtteritarasya cirakAlapravRtteH, aniHsRtasyAsakalapudgalodgatimata itarasya sakalapudgalodgatimataH, anuktasyAbhiprAyeNa vijJeyasyetarasya sarvAtmanA prakAzitasya, dhruvasyAvicalitasyetarasya vicalitasyAvagraha ityazeSatovagrahaH saMbaMdhanIyaH, tathehA tathAvAyastathA dhAraNeti samudAyatobhisaMbaMdhoniSTapratipattihetuH pratikSipto bhvti| kathaM bahubahuvidhayostaditarayozca bheda ityAha;paryApta rUpa se sambandha kara denA caahie| samudAyarUpa se sambandha nahIM karanA caahie| AtmA ke kSayopazama hone se saMkhyAvizeSa bahuta kA athavA adhika parimANa vAle vipula padArthAdi ke avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA jJAna hote haiN| isI prakAra itara sahita ke grahaNa se itara arthAt abahu yAnI eka, do nAmaka saMkhyA vizeSa athavA alpapadArtha ke avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra bahuvidha Adi aura abahuvidha Adi viSayoM ke avagraha, IhA Adi pUrNarUpa se samajha lene cAhie // 2-3-4 // bahu aura abahu ke avagraha Adi jaise kaha diye haiM, usI prakAra bahuvidha yAnI tIna, cAra Adi bahuta prakAroM ke athavA vistIrNa prakAroM ke tathA usa bahuvidha se itara yAnI eka do prakAra ke athavA anya prakAra ke viSayoM kA avagraha hotA hai| kSipra yAnI zIghra kAla meM hone vAlI pravRtti kA athavA usase itara yAnI adhika kAla kI pravRtti kA, anisRta yAnI jisake sampUrNa pudgala Upara ko nahIM nikala rahe haiM, usakA aura taditara yAnI jisake sampUrNa pudgala Upara prakaTa ho rahe haiM, usa padArtha kA jo binA kahe hI abhiprAya karake ThIka jAna liyA gayA hai usakA aura usase itara jo sampUrNarUpa se zabdoM dvArA prakAzita kara diyA gayA hai usa padArtha kA tathA dhruva yAnI calita nahIM ho usakA aura itara yAnI vicalita ho rahe unakA avagraha hotA hai| isa prakAra pUrNa rUpa se bahu Adika bAraha ke sAtha avagraha jJAna kA sambandha kara lenA cAhie, usI prakAra IhA tathA avAya aura dhAraNA kA bhI sambandha kara lenA caahie| samudAya se abhisambandha karanA abhISTa nahIM hai, kyoMki aniSTa kI pratipatti kA kAraNa hai| ata: vaha khaNDita kara diyA gayA hai| arthAt bahuta prakAra ke, bahuta nahIM kahe gaye, nikale hue padArthoM kA sthiratA se zIghra avagraha jJAna ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra kA samudita artha aniSTabodha kA kAraNa hone se nirAkRta kara diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra ke pratyeka padArtha ko bhinna-bhinna avagraha, IhA Adi hote haiN| bahu aura bahuvidha tathA unase itara eka aura ekavidha inameM kyA bheda hai? aisI AkAMkSA hone para zrI vidyAnanda AcArya kahate haiM bahu dharma to vyaktivizeSoM ke Azrita hai tathA bahuvidha jAti ke Azrita viSaya hai| ata: bahu kA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 302 vyaktijAtyAzritatvena bahorbahuvidhasya ca / bhedaH parasparaM tadvadbodhyastaditarasya ca // 5 // vyakti vizeSau bahutvataditaratvadharmoM jAtiviSayau tu bahuvidhatvataditaratvadharmAviti bahubahuvidhayostaditarayozca bheda: siddhaH / evaM baDhekavidhayorabheda ityapAstaM bahUnAmapyanekAnAmekaprakAratvaM hyekavidhaM na punarbahutvamevetyudAhRtaM drssttvym|| kSiprasyAcirakAlasyAdhruvasya clitaatmnH| svabhAvaikyaM na maMtavyaM tathA taditarasya ca // 6 // ____ acirakAlatvaM hyAzupratipattiviSayatvaM calitatvaM punaraniyatapratipattigocaratvamiti svabhAvabhedAt / kSiprAdhruvayo kymvseyN| tathA taditarayorakSipradhruvayostata ev|| vyakti ke AzritapanA hone se tathA bahuvidha ko jAti ke Azrita hone se unameM paraspara bheda hai| usI ke samAna yAnI eka aura ekavidha kA vyakti aura jAti ke Azrita hone se paraspara meM bheda samajhanA caahie||5|| .. bahutva aura usase bhinna alpatva dharma to pRthak-pRthak vizeSa vyaktirUpa hai tathA bahuvidha aura usase bhinna alpavidha dharma aneka meM pravartane vAle hone se jAti vizeSa haiN| isa prakAra bahu aura bahuvidha tathA unase itara alpa aura alpavidha meM paraspara bheda siddha hai| bhAvArtha : bheda, prabheda sahita aneka prakAra ke kaI jAti ke jIvoM kA jo grahaNa hai, vaha bahuvidha kA grahaNa hai| eka prakAra ke aneka jIvoM kA grahaNa ekavidha kA avagraha hai| eka do jIvoM kA jJAna abahu kA avagraha hai| kaI ghor3e, aneka baila, katipayamahiSa Adi kA samUhAlambanajJAna bhI bahuvidha kA avagraha samajhanA caahie| isa kathana se bahuta aura ekavidha kA abheda hai| yaha zaMkA bhI dUra kara dI gayI hai, kyoMki bhinnabhinna jAti ke eka-eka padArtha ko ekatrita kara bahutapanA ho sakatA hai, kintu ekavidhapanA to eka jAti ke aneka padArthoM kA hI hogaa| ata: bahuta bhI eka jAti ke aneka kA ekaprakArapanA ekavidha kahA jAtA hai| kintu vahA~ phira bahutapane kA vyavahAra nahIM karanA caahie| isa prakAra udAharaNa diyA jA cukA hai| ____zIghra kAla ke kSipra aura calitasvarUpa adhruva ke svabhAva meM bhI ekapanA nahIM mAnanA cAhie tathA unase itara akSipra aura dhruva kA bhI svabhAva eka nahIM hai||6|| kSipra (acira kAlapanA) to zIghra hI pratipatti kA viSaya hai aura adhruva (calitapanA) phira asthira padArtha kI pratipatti kA viSaya hai| isa prakAra svabhAva ke bheda hone se kSipra aura adhruva meM ekapanA nahIM samajhanA caahie| arthAt kSipra hI adhruva nahIM hai tathA unase viparIta akSipra aura dhruva kA bhI dera se pratIti karAnA aura sthira pratipatti karAnA, ina svabhAva bhedoM ke hone se unameM bhI ekapanA nahIM hai| sampUrNa pudgaloM kA prakaTarUpa bAhara nikala jAnA ni:sata hai, aura thor3e se katipaya pudgaloMke nikalane se huA jJAna anisRta hai| abhiprAyoM se jAna liyA gayA jJAna anukta hai| jabaki pUrNarUpa se nikAlA gayA padArtha nisRta hai aura pUrNarUpa se kaha diyA gayA padArtha ukta mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra unake bheda kA nirNaya ho jAne se unameM ekapane kA kucodya uThAnA yukta nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : anya ke upadezapUrvaka jo zabdajanya vAcya kA grahaNa hai, vaha ukta hai aura svata: jo grahaNa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika ** 303 niHzeSapudgalodgatyabhAvAdbhavati niHsRtH| stokpudglnisskraaNternuktstvaabhisNhitH||7|| niSkrAMto niHsRtaH kAtyA'duktaH saMdarzito mtH| iti tadbhedanirNIterayuktaikatvacodanA // 8 // __ aniHsRtAnuktayoniHsRtoktayozca naikatvacodanA yuktA lkssnnbhedaat| kuto bahvAdInAM prAdhAnyena taditareSAM guNabhAvena pratipAdanaM na punarviparyayeNetyatrocyate;tatra pradhAnabhAvena bahvAdInAM nivedanaM / prakRSTAvRttivizleSavizeSAt nuH samudbhavAt // 9 // tadvizeSaNabhAvena kathaM caatraalpyogytaaN| samAsRtya samudbhUteritareSAM vidhiiyte||10|| atha bahvAdInAM kramanirdezakAraNamAha;bahujJAnasamabhyaya' vizeSaviSayatvataH / sphuTaM bahuvidhajJAnAjAtibhedAvabhAsinaH // 11 // tatkSiprajJAnasAmAnyAttaccAniHsRtavedanAt / tadanuktagamAtsopi dhruvajJAnAtkutazcana // 12 // ho gayA hai, vaha ni:sRta hai| jalanimagna hAthI kI Upara nikalI huI sUMDa ko dekhakara hAthI kA jJAna ani:sRta matijJAna hai aura bAhara khar3e hue hAthI kA jJAna niHsRta hai yaha inameM bheda hai||7-8|| aniHsRta aura anukta tathA niHsRta aura ukta meM ekapana kA kutarka uThAnA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki inake lakSaNa bhinna-bhinna haiN| ___bahu, bahuvidha Adi kA pradhAnatA se kyoM pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai? aura alpa, alpavidha Adi itaroM kA pratipAdana gauNarUpa se kyoM kiyA gayA hai? phira viparIta hI pratipAdana kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA? isa prakAra jijJAsA hone para zrI vidyAnanda AcArya kahate haiM.. isa sUtra meM jIva ke prakRSTa jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna hone ke kAraNa bahu Adi kA pradhAnarUpa se nivedana kiyA hai aura una bahu Adi ke vizeSaNa hokara ke tathA alpayogyatA kA Azraya lekara itara alpa, alpavidha Adi ke jJAna AtmA meM utpanna ho jAte haiM, yaha samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| bhAvArtha : bahu, bahuvidha, zIghra, anisRta nahIM kahA gayA (anukta) avicalita (dhruva) ina padArthoM kI jJapti karane ke lie utkRSTa kSayopazama se hI nirvAha ho sakatA hai| vizeSa buddhimAna puruSa bahu Adi ko samajhakara usa buddhi se alpa Adi padArthoM ko bhI samajha letA hai| kintu alpa Adi ko jAnane vAlI buddhi dvArA zeSa bace hue bahutoM kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie bahu Adi ko mukhyatA se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai // 9-10 // aba bahu, bahuvidha Adi ke yathAkrama se nirdeza karane ke kAraNa ko AcArya kahate haiM jAti kA Azraya kara bhedoM kA kathana karane vAle bahuvidha padArthoM ke jJAna kI apekSA vizeSa rUpa se adhika padArthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA bahu kA jJAna pUjanIya hai| yaha spaSTa pratIta ho rahA hai| arthAt jAti kA avalambana kara padArthoM kA jAnanA utanA spaSTa nahIM hai, jitanA ki vyaktiyoM kA Azraya kara padArthoM kA jAnanA spaSTa hai ata: vyaktiyoM kA Azraya kara padArthoM kA jAnanA vizada yA AdaraNIya hai ataH bahuvidha se pahale bahu kA kahanA yogya hai tathA sAmAnya rUpa se zIghra padArtha ko jAnane kI apekSA usa bahuvidha kA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 304 tattadviSayabahvAdeH samabhyarhitatA tthaa| bodhyaM tadvAcakAnAM ca kramanirdezakAraNaM // 13 // bahvAdInAM hi zabdAnAmitaretarayoge dvaMdve bahuzabdo bahuvidhazabdAtprAk prayuktobhyarhitatvAt sopi kSiprazabdAt sopyaniHsRtazabdAtsopyanuktazabdAt sopi dhruvshbdaat| evaM kathaM zabdAnAmabhyarhitatvaM? tadvAcyAnAmarthAnAmabhyarhitatvAt / tadapi kathaM ? tadgrAhiNAM jnyaanaanaambhyrhittvopptteH| sopi jJAnAvaraNavIryAMtarAyakSayopazamavizeSaprakarSAduktavizuddhiprakarSasya paramArthatobhyarhitasya bhaavaaditi| tadeva yathoktakramanirdezakasya kAraNamavasIyate kaarnnaaNtrsyaaprtiiteH|| jJAna karanA AdaraNIya hai ata: kSipra ke pUrva meM bahuvidha kahA hai| usI prakAra kSipra kA jJAna bhI aniHsRta jJAna se zlAghya hai| aniHsRta padArtha ko batAne kI apekSA zIghra batAne para adhika labdhAMka prApta ho jAte haiN| usa anuktajJAna se aniHsRta kA jJAna pUjanIya hai, kyoMki chala kapaTapUrNa jagat meM anukta padArtha ko samajhanA jitanA sarala hai, utanA indriyoM dvArA aniHsRta padArtha kA samajhanA sukara nahIM hai| vaha anukta jJAna bhI kisI kAraNavaza dhruvajJAna se adhika arcanIya hai| acalita ko jAnane kI, mAyAviyoM ke anukta abhipretoM kA yA vidvAnoM kI gUr3ha carcA kA patA pA lenA kaThina hai, ataH alpa svarapanA, susaMjJApana Adi kA lakSya na rakhakara pUjyatA kA vicAra karate hue AcArya ne bahu, bahuvidha Adi sUtra meM padoM kA krama kahA hai||11-12|| una bahu, bahuvidha Adi ko viSaya karane kI apekSA se bahu Adi ke jJAnoM ko adhika pUjanIya samajha lenA caahie| tathA una bahu Adika ke vAcaka zabdoM ke bhI krama se nirdeza karane kA kAraNa samabhyarhitapanA jAnanA caahie||13|| arthAt samAsa meM jo alpa svara vAlA hotA hai usakA nyAsa prathama hotA hai, adhika svara vAloM kA bAda meM, usa apekSA bahu Adi kA krama nahIM samajhanA apitu pUjyatA kI apekSA aisA jaannaa| bahu, bahuvidha Adi zabdoM kA itaraitarayoga nAma kA dvandva samAsa hone para bahuvidha zabda se pahale bahuzabda prayoga kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki vizeSa-vizeSa aneka vyaktiyoM ko kahane vAlA vaha bahu zabda aneka jAtiyoM ko kahane vAle bahuvidha zabda se adhika pUjya hai aura vaha bahuvidha bhI kSiprazabda se adhika arcanIya hai tathA vaha kSipra zabda bhI aniHsRta se aura vaha aniHsRta bhI anukta zabda se tathA vaha anukta bhI dhruvazabda se adhika arcanIya hai| prazna : mukha, tAlu Adi athavA cetanaprayatna dvArA utpanna hue zabdoM meM pUjyapanA kaise hai? uttaraH una zabdoM ke vAcya arthoM kI paripUjyatA hone se vAcaka zabda bhI pUjya ho jAte haiM / zaMkA : una vAcya arthoM ko pUjyapanA kyoM hai? samAdhAna : una mahAn arthoM ke grahaNa karane vAle hone se zabdoM meM atipUjyapanA hai| arthAt AtmA kA guNa jJAna paramapUjya hai| usameM jo prakRSTa padArtha AdaraNIya hokara viSaya ho rahe haiM, ve bhI pUjya ho jAte haiN| viSayI dharma ko viSaya meM Aropita kara liyA jAtA hai, jaise ki jar3a ghaTa ko pratyakSajJAna kA viSaya hone se pratyakSa kaha dete haiN| zaMkA : vaha jJAna bhI pUjya kyoM hai? ..
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 305 vijAnAti na vijJAnaM bahUn bhuvidhaanpi| padArthAniti keSAMcinmataM pratyakSabAdhitam // 14 // pratyakSANi bahUnyeva teSvajJAtAni cetkatham / tadvadbodhaikanirmAsaiH zanaizcenAprabAdhanAt // 15 // tdbodhbhutaavittirbaadhikaatreticenmtN| sA yokena bodhena tadartheSvanumanyatAm // 16 // bahubhirvedanairanyajJAnavedyaistu sA ydi| tadavasthA tadA praznonavasthA ca mhiiysii||17|| samAdhAna : jJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAMtarAya karmoM ke vizeSa kSayopazama ke prakarSa hone se utpanna huI, ukta pUjyajJAnoM kI vizuddhi kA prakarSa vAstavikarUpa se pUjanIya hai| arthAt-vizuddhi hI paramapUjya hai| usakI AtmIya vizuddhi usake kAraNa viziSTa kSayopazama hai| yahA~ kArya ke svakIya dharma kA kAraNa meM Aropa hai aura kSayopazama kI prakarSatA se jJAna meM pUjyatA kA saMkalpa hai| yahA~ kAraNa kA dharma kArya meM Aropita kiyA hai tathA jJAna meM pUjyatA A jAne se usake dvArA jAnane yogya jJeya padArthoM meM bhI pUjyapane kA adhyAropa hai| pratipAdaka ke jJAna kA kArya hone se aura pratipAdya zrotA ke jJAna kA kAraNa hone se zabda bhI apane kAraNa aura kAryoM se pUjyatva ko prApta hotA hai ataH sUtra meM kahe gaye padoM ke krama se nirdeza karane kA kAraNa vahI nizcita kiyA jAtA hai| anya koI kAraNa pratIta nahIM ho rahA hai| ____eka hI jJAna bahuta se aura bahuta prakAra ke padArthoM ko kaise bhI nahIM jAna sakatA hai-"pratyarthaM jJAnAbhinivezaH" / pratyeka artha ko jAnane ke lie eka-eka jJAna niyata hai| isa prakAra kinhIM vidvAnoM kA mata hai, vaha pratyakSa se hI bAdhita hai| arthAt-eka cAkSuSa pratyakSa hI sAmane Aye hue aneka vRkSoM, manuSyoM, dhAnyoM, pazuoM Adi ko jAna letA hai| jAtirUpa se prameyoM ko jAnane vAle jJAna aneka prakAra ke arthoM ko jAna rahe haiM, ataH pratyeka jJAna kA viSaya eka niyata padArtha mAnanA yA pratyeka viSaya kA eka niyata jJAna mAnanA pratyakSa viruddha hai|||14|| / yadi bauddha kaheM ki atizIghratA se jhaTa pIche-pIche pravRtti hone ke kAraNa athavA yugapat aneka pratyakSa utpanna ho jAne ke kAraNa athavA yugapat pratyakSa utpanna ho jAne ke kAraNa ve aneka pratyakSa jJAta nahIM ho sakate haiN| unake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki una ajJAta aneka pratyakSoM kI sattA kaise jAnI jAyegI? una aneka jJAnoM ko jAnane ke lie yadi eka-eka ko prakAzane vAle aneka jJAna mAne jAyeMge, taba to saikar3oM prakAzaka jJAnoM ke dvArA unakA pratibhAsa honA mAnanA pdd'egaa| yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki una jJAnoM kA bhI nirbAdha se nirNaya nahIM hotA hai||15|| arthAt-aneka padArthoM ko jAnane vAlA eka jJAna nirbAdha siddha . una aneka jJAnoM ke bahutapane kA jJAna bAdhaka hai| isa prakAra bauddha kA mantavya hone para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aneka jJAnoM ke bahutapane kA vaha jJAna yadi eka hI jJAna ke dvArA hotA hai to usI aneka jJAnoM ko jAnane vAle eka jJAna samAna aneka arthoM meM bhI eka jJAna dvArA jJapti honA mAna lenI caahie| yadi anya tIsare prakAra ke aneka jJAnoM se jAnane yogya dUsare prakAra ke bahuta jJAnoMke dvArA bahutoM ko jAnane vAle pahale aneka jJAnoM kA vaha pratibhAsa mAnA jAyegA, taba to tIsare prakAra ke jJAnoM ko jAnane ke lie cauthe prakAra , ke jJAna ke lie anya jJAna kI AvazyakatA hogii| tathA usakA pA~cavA~ jJAna, isa prakAra prazna vaisA kA vaisA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 306 svato bahvarthanirbhAsijJAnAnAM bahutA gtiH| nAnyonyamanusaMdhAnAbhAvAtpratyAtmavartinAm // 18 // . tatpRSThajo viklpshshednusNdhaankRnmtH| sopi nAnekavijJAnaviSayastAvake mate // 19 // bahvarthaviSayo na syAdvikalpaH kthmnythaa| spaSTaH paramparAyAsaparihArastathA sati // 20 // yathaiva bahvarthajJAnAni bahUnyevAnusaMdhAnavikalpastatpRSThajaH spaSTo vyavasyati tathA spaSTo vyavasAya: sakRdbahUn bahuvidhAn vA padArthAnAlaMbatAM virodhaabhaavaat| paraMparayA zazvadevaM parihataM syAttato jhaTiti bahvAdyarthasyaiva prtiptteH|| evaM bahutvasaMkhyAyAmekasyAvedanaM na tu| saMkhyeyeSu bahuSvityayuktaM kecitprapedire // 21 // banA rhegaa| tathA isase mahatI anavasthA ho jaayegii||16-17|| bahuta arthoM ko prakAzita karane vAle aneka jJAnoM kA bahutapanA svata: hI jAna liyA jAtA hai| aisA. . kahanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki aisA mAnane para pratyeka apane-apane svarUpa meM rahane vAle una jJAnoM kA paraspara meM pratyabhijJAnarUpa anusaMdhAna nahIM ho skegaa| kintu, eka jIva ke aneka jJAnoM kA anusaMdhAna ho rahA hai, jaise ki sparza indriya se jAne gaye padArtha ko maiM dekha rahA hU~, dekhe hue padArtha kA hI svAda le rahA hU~, ityAdi jJAnoM ke paraspara meM anusaMdhAna hote haiM // 18 // una bahuta se jJAnoM ke pIche hone vAlA vikalpajJAna yadi una jJAnoM ke anusaMdhAna ko karane vAlA mAnA jAyegA to vaha bhI tumhAre mata meM aneka vijJAnoM ko viSaya karane vAlA nahIM mAnA gayA hai| eka . vikalpajJAna bhI eka hI jJAna ko jAna skegaa| anyathA yadi pratyeka viSaya ke lie pratyeka jJAna ke siddhAnta ko chor3akara eka vikalpajJAna dvArA bahuta jJAnoM kA viSaya kara lenA mAna leMge, taba to vikalpajJAna bahuta arthoM ko viSaya karane vAlA kaise nahIM hogA? apitu aneka padArthoM ko jAnane vAlA vikalpa spaSTa dikha rahA hai| aisA mAnane para paramparA se atyanta kaThina parizrama kA parihAra bhI ho jAtA hai| arthAt eka jJAna sva ko spaSTarUpa se jAnatA huA aneka arthoM ko sAkSAtjAna rahA hai, isameM koI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai||1920|| una jJAnoM ke pIche anusaMdhAna karane vAlA vikalpa jaise hI bahuta arthoM ko jAnane vAle bahuta jJAnoM ko spaSTa hotA huA nirNaya kara letA hai, usI prakAra spaSTa avagraha AdirUpa vyavasAya bhI eka hI bAra meM bahuta se athavA bahuta prakAra ke padArthoM ko viSaya kara letA hai, isameM virodha kA abhAva hai, aura isa prakAra jJAnoM ko jAnane ke lie jJAna aura unako bhI mAnane ke lie punaH jJAna, isa paramparA ke kaThina zrama kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai, tathA zIghra hI bahu Adi arthoM kI pratipatti ho jAtI hai ata: eka jJAna bhI aneka aura aneka prakAra ke arthoM ko jAna sakatA hai isameM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| koI kahatA hai ki eka jJAna ke dvArA bahutva nAma kI eka saMkhyA meM Avedana karA diyA jAtA hai| kintu ginane yogya saMkhyA vAle bahuta arthoM meM jJapti nahIM karAI jAtI hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki unakA yaha kahanA yuktirahita hai kyoMki bahutva nAma kI saMkhyA se viziSTa aneka saMkhyA karane yogya arthoM meM eka bahujJAna kI pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai ataH eka jJAna dvArA bahutva saMkhyA ko jAnane vAle vAdI ko bahutva saMkhyA se
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 307 bahutvena viziSTeSu saMkhyeyeSu prvrtitH| bahujJAnasya tadbhedaikAMtAbhAvAcca yuktitaH // 22 // na hi bahutvamidamiti jJAnaM bahuSvartheSu kasyaciccakAsti bahavomI bhAvA ityekasya vedanasyAnubhavAt / saMkhyeyebhyo bhinnAmeva bahutvasaMkhyAM saMcinvan bahavo iti cet teSAM satsamavAyitvAdityayuktA prtipttiH| kuTAdyavayavipratipattau sAkSAttadAraMbhakaparamANupratipattiprasaMgAt / anyatra pratipattau nAnyatra pratipattiriti cet, tarhi bahutvasaMvittau bahvarthasaMvittirapi maabhuut| yeSAM tu bahutvasaMkhyAviziSTeSvartheSu jJAnaM pravartamAnaM bahavorthA iti pratIti: teSAM na doSosti, bahutvasaMkhyAyAH saMkhyeyebhyaH sarvathA bhedaanbhyupgmaat| guNaguNinoH kathaMcidabhedasya yuktyA vyvsthaapnaat| tato na pratyarthavazavarti vijJAnaM bahubahuvidhe sNvednvyvhaaraabhaavprsNgaat|| kathaMcit abhinna aneka bahuta padArthoM kA jJAna ho jAnA yuktisaMgata hai||21-22|| bahuta arthoM ko nahIM jAnakara una bahuta se arthoM meM yaha eka bahuta saMkhyA hai-isa prakAra kA jJAna kisI ko bhI pratibhAsita nahIM hotA hai, kintu bahuta padArthoM ko yugapat jAnane vAle aneka arthoM kA eka jJAna hotA huA anubhava meM AtA hai| "saMkhyA karane yogya arthoM se sarvathA bhinna bahutvanAmaka saMkhyA guNa ko ikaTThA jAnane vAlA" bahuta artha hai- aisA anubhava kara letA hai, kyoMki ve bahuta se artha usa saMkhyA ke samavAyasambandha vAle haiN| vastuta: eka jJAna se bahuta saMkhyA kA jJAna hotA hai| isa prakAra pratipatti karanA ayukta hai, kyoMki samaveta padArtha ke jAnane se yadi samavAyI padArthoM kI pratipatti hone lage taba to ghaTa, paTa Adi avayaviyoM kI jJapti ho jAne para una ghaTa Adi ke avyavahitarUpa se samavAyI Azraya rahane vAle paramANuoM kI jJapti ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| arthAt jaise bahuta saMkhyA kA samavAya sambandha bahuta se arthoM meM hai, usI prakAra avayavI ghaTa Adi kA samavAya sambandha usako prArambha karane vAle aneka paramANuoM meM hai| anya padArtha meM pratipatti ho jAne se usase pRthak dUsare padArthoM meM to usI jJAna se pratipatti nahIM ho sakatI . hai| ghaTa ko jAnane vAlA jJAna ghaTa se sarvathA bhinna kAraNa paramANuoM ko nahIM jAna sakatA hai| aisA kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki prakRta meM bahuta saMkhyA kI jJapti ho jAne para bhI usa bahutva saMkhyA se bhinna bahuta arthoM kI saMvitti bhI nahIM hogii| jina syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ bahuta saMkhyAoM se viziSTa aneka arthoM meM pravRttamAna eka jJAna hI "ye bahuta artha haiM"- isa prakAra pratItirUpa ho jAtA hai, una jainoM ke yahA~ to koI doSa nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki saMkhyA karane yogya aneka padArthoM se bahutva saMkhyA kA sarvathA bheda nahIM mAnA gayA hai| guNa aura guNI ke kathaMcit abheda ko hama yuktiyoM se vyavasthApita kara cuke haiM ataH pratyeka artha ke adhIna hokara rahane vAlA vijJAna nahIM hai| anyathA (eka jJAna kI eka hI artha ko viSaya karane kI adhInatA se vRtti mAnI jAegI to) bahuta aura bahuta prakAra ke arthoM meM eka samvedana hone ke vyavahAra ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| parantu ekajJAna se aneka arthoM ko yugapat jAna rahe pratIta hote haiN| jJAnoM ko pratyeka artha ke adhIna hokara vartane vAlA mAnane para to mecakajJAna kaise ho sakegA?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 308 kathaM ca mecakajJAnaM prtyrthvshvrtini| jJAne sarvatra yujyeta pareSajJAM nagarAdiSu // 23 // - na hi nagaraM nAma kiM cidekamasti grAmAdi vA yatastadvedanaM pratyarthavazavarti syAt / prAsAdAdInAmalpasaMyuktasaMyogalakSaNAt pratyAsattinagarAdIti cet na, prAsAdAdInAM svayaM saMyogatvena sNyogaaNtraanaashrytvaat| kASTheSTakAdInAM tallakSaNA pratyAsattirnagarAdi bhavatviticenna, tsyaapynekgtvaat| na hi yathaikasya kASThAderekena kenacidiSTakAdinA saMyogaH sa evAnyenApi sarvatra saMyogasyaikatvavyApitvAdiprasaMgAt smvaayvt| citraikarUpavaccitraikasaMyogo nagarAdhekamiti cenna, saadhysmtvaadudaahrnnsy| na hyekaM citraM rUpaM . prsiddhmubhyorsti|| arthAt-aneka nIla, pIta Adi AkAroM ko jAnane vAlA citrajJAna to eka hokara anekoM kA pratibhAsa kara rahA hai| tathA vaizeSikoM ke matAnusAra nagara, grAma Adi meM eka jJAna nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki aneka gharoM pazuoM Adi kA sAmudAyika eka jJAna hone para hI eka nagara kA jJAna ho sakatA hai||23|| .. nagara athavA grAma Adika koI eka vastu nahIM hai jisase ki unameM, nagara senA Adi kA eka jJAna hotA huA pratyeka artha ke vazavartI ho ske| ata: aneka ko bhI jAnane vAlA eka jJAna mAnanA pdd'egaa| isa para yadi vaizeSika isa prakAra kaheM ki nagara to eka hI padArtha hai| aneka prAsAdoM Adi kA ati alpa saMyukta saMyogasvarUpa lakSaNa pratyAsatti saMbaMdha ho jAnA hI eka nagara hai| arthAt eka ghara kA dUsare ghara se ati nikaTa saMyoga aura usa saMyukta ghara kA tIsare se saMyoga honA hai| isI prakAra bAjAra, mohalle Adi aneka kA ati nikaTa eka saMyoga ho jAnA hI eka nagara padArtha hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki una prAsAdoM Adi ko bhI saMyogapane se vaizeSikoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| arthAt-IMTa cUnA, lakar3I Adi ke saMyoga ko hI prAsAda yA ghara mAnA hai| ghaTa-paTa ke samAna eka dravya ghara nahIM hai ata: saMyogasvarUpa prAsAdoM kA punaH saMyogasvarUpa nagara nahIM bana sakatA hai, kyoMki saMyogaguNa meM puna: dUsarA saMyogaguNa nahIM rhtaa| kATha, IMTa Adi kI tatsvarUpa pratyAsatti hI nagara Adi haiM aisA nahIM kahanA kyoMki aneka kATha, IMToM kA vaha saMyoga bhI to aneka meM sthita hai| ata: ve saMyoga aneka haiM, eka nhiiN| jisa prakAra eka kATha, IMTa Adi kA kisI dUsare eka IMTa, cUnA, Adi ke sAtha saMyoga hai, vahI saMyoga pRthak tIsare IMTa Adi ke sAtha nahIM hai| isa prakAra saba saMyoga ke mAnane para to saMyoga guNa ko samavAya ke samAna ekapana, vyApIpana, nityapana Adi kA prasaMga aayegaa| nIla avayava, pIta avayava Adi se banAye gae avayavI meM rahane vAlA karbura yA citra-vicitra ekarUpa nAmaka guNa ke samAna eka citra saMyoga hI nagara, grAma Adi eka padArtha hai| aisA nahIM kahanA, kyoMki citravarNa nAmakA udAharaNa hI sAdhya ke samAna asiddha hai, asiddha udAharaNa se sAdhya nahIM sadhatA hai| laukika aura parIkSakoM ke yahA~ yA hamAre-tumhAre yahA~ yA donoM ke yahA~ eka citra rUpa koI padArtha prasiddha nahIM hai arthAt pA~ca varSoM se atirikta koI chaThA citravarNa nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 309 yathA nIlaM tathA citraM rUpamekaM paTAdiSu / citrajJAnaM pravarteta tatretyapi virudhyate // 24 // citrasaMvyavahArasyAbhAvAdekatra jAtucit / nAnArtheSviMdranIlAdirUpeSu vyavahAriNAm // 25 // ekasyAnekarUpasya citratvena vyvsthiteH| maNyAderiva nAnyasya sarvathAtiprasaMgataH // 26 // yathAnekavarNamaNermayUrAdervAnekavarNAtmakasyaikasya citravyapadezastathA sarvatra rUpAdAvapi sa vyavatiSThate nAnyathA |n hyekatra citravyavahAro yuktaH saMtAnAMtarArthanIlAdivat nApyanekatraiva tadvadeveti niruupitpraaym|| nanvevaM dravyamevaikamanekasvabhAvaM citraM syAnna punarekaM rUpaM / tathA ca tatra citravyavahAro na syaat| atrocyate jisa prakAra nIlA eka rUpa hai, usI prakAra kapar3A Adi meM eka citrarUpa bhI dekhA jAtA hai| unameM citrarUpa ko grahaNa karane vAle jJAna kI pravRtti hotI hai| granthakAra kahate haiM ki isa prakAra bhI vaizeSikoM kA kahanA viruddha hai kyoMki citra vyavahAra kA abhAva hone se nIla, pIta Adi rUpoM ko milAkara eka vastu meM raMga kabhI bhI nahIM bana sakatA hai| arthAt - sarvathA eka svabhAva vAle padArtha meM citrapane kA vyavahAra kabhI bhI nahIM hotA hai| vyavahAra karane vAle laukika puruSoM kA nAnArUpa vAle indranIlamaNi, mANikya Adi aneka padArthoM meM yA ina maNiyoM kI banI huI mAlA meM eka ke bhI aneka kA citrapana kA vyavahAra hotA hai| eka raMga-biraMge citrapatra meM kar3he hue yA chape hue bhUSaNa, vastra Adi ke aneka raMga dikhalAye jAne para citrapanA vyavahRta ho jAtA hai| jaina siddhAMtAnusAra aneka rUpa svabhAva vAle eka padArtha kI citrapanA se vyavasthA hotI hai| jaise ki citramaNi Adi meM citratA hai| citramaNi kI aneka varNa rekhAyeM dIkhatI rahatI haiN| anya padArthoM ko citrapanA nahIM mAnA gayA hai| citravarNa ko yadi sarvathA svataMtra raMga mAnA jAegA to aneka prakAra ke raMgoM ke mizraNa se nAnA citra mAnane pdd'eNge| taba ativyApti yA atiprasaMga doSa aaegaa||24,25,26|| jisa prakAra aneka varNavAle maNi yA mayUra, nIlakaNTha Adi ke athavA aneka varNAtmaka kapar3e Adi eka padArtha ke citrapana kA vyavahAra lokaprasiddha hai, usI prakAra sabhI rUpa, sparza, rasa Adi meM bhI vaha usI prakAra se vyavasthita hai, dUsare prakAroM se nahIM, kyoMki sarvathA eka svabhAva padArtha meM citra vyavahAra nahIM hai, jaise ki anya nAnA santAnoM ke viSayabhUta arthoM ke nIla, pIta Adi ko milAkara citrapanA nahIM bana sakatA hai| tathA sarvathA aneka padArthoM meM bhI vaha citrapanA nahIM bana sakatA hai| jaise ki aneka santAnoM ke jJAna dvArA jAna liye gaye pRthak-pRthak arthoM ke una bhinna-bhinna nIla, pIta Adi kA milakara citra nahIM bana sakatA hai| isa bAta ko hama prAyaH karake pahile prakaraNoM meM kaha cuke haiN| zaMkA : isa prakAra aneka svabhAva vAlA eka dravya hI to citra ho sakegA, koI eka rUpaguNa to citra nahIM ho sakegA, aura vaisA hone para usa citravarNa meM citrapane kA vyavahAra nahIM ho sktaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 310 citraM rUpamiti jJAnameva na prtihnyte| ruupepynekruuptvprtiitestdvishesstH||27|| nanu rUpaM guNastasya kathamanekasvabhAvatvaM virodhaat| naitatsAdhu yataHguNonekasvabhAvaH syAdrvyavanna gunnaashryH| iti rUpaguNenekasvabhAve citrazemuSI // 28 // na hi guNasya nirguNatvavanirvizeSatvaM rUpe nIlanIlataratvAdivizeSapratIteH / pratiyogyapekSastatra vizeSo na tAttvika iti cenna, pRthktvaadertaattvikprsNgaat| pRthaktvAderanekadravyAzrayasyaivotpatterna pratiyogyapekSatvamiti cenna, tathApi tasyaikapRthaktvAdipratiyogyapekSayA vyavasthAnAt / sUkSmatvAdyapekSaikadravyAzrayamahattvAdivat . samAdhAna : isa prakAra zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate haiM- "yaha citrarUpa hai" isa prakAra ke jJAna kA pratighAta nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| dravya ke samAna rUpaguNa meM bhI aneka svabhAvapanA pratIta ho rahA hai| arthAtsyAdvAdasiddhAntAnusAra dravya, guNa, paryAyoM meM bhI aneka svabhAva mAne gaye haiN| apane-apane una vizeSoM kI apekSA se rUpa, rasa Adi guNa yA paryAyeM bhI aneka svabhAva vAlI hokara citra kahI jA sakatI haiM // 27 // zaMkA : rUpa to guNa hai| usa guNa kA aneka svabhAvasahitapanA kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai? kyoMki rUpa guNoM meM aneka svabhAva mAnane meM virodha utpanna hotA hai| arthAt-aneka guNa aura paryAyoM kA dhAraka dravya to aneka svabhAvavAlA ho sakatA hai, kintu eka guNa meM yA eka-eka paryAya meM punaH aneka svabhAva nahIM raha sakate haiN| samAdhAna : yaha kahanA zreSTha nahIM hai kyoMki siddhAMta isa prakAra vyavasthita hai| anaMtaguNoM kA samudAya hI dravya hai ataH abhinna hone ke kAraNa dravya ke samAna guNa bhI aneka svabhAva se sahita hote haiM kintu "dravyAzrayA nirguNA guNAH" isa sUtrAnusAra vaha guNa anya guNoM kA Azraya nahIM hai| isa prakAra aneka svabhAva vAle rUpa guNa meM citravicitra aisI pramAbuddhi ho jAnA samucita hI hai||28|| guNa kA anya guNoM se rahitapanA jaise abhISTa hai, vaisA vizeSa svabhAvoM se rahitapanA iSTa nahIM hai, kyoMki rUpaguNa meM yaha nIlA hai, usase bhI adhika nIlA vastra hai| yaha nIla raMga usa vastra se bhI atyadhika nIlA hai, ityAdi prakAra ke vizeSoM kI pratIti hotI hai| zaMkA : usa rUpa guNa meM pratiyogiyoM kI apekSA se aneka vizeSa dIkha rahe haiM ve aneka vizeSa vAstavika nahIM haiN| samAdhAna : aisA nahIM hai| kyoMki isa prakAra kahane para to pRthaktva, vibhAga, dvitva, tritva, saMkhyA Adi ko bhI avastubhUta hone kA prasaMga aaegaa| arthAt-dUsare padArtha kI apekSA se hI kisI vastu meM pRthapanA niyata kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki dopanA, tInapanA Adi saMkhyAyeM anya padArthoM kI apekSA se ginI jAtI haiN| ata: anya padArthoM ke nimitta se utpanna hue naimittika dharma ko vastu svabhAva svIkAra nahIM karane para pudgala ke nimitta se hone vAle jIvake, rAga, dveSa, mithyAtva Adi pariNAma bhI vAstavika nahIM ho skte| pRthaktva, vibhAga, saMyoga Adi to aneka dravyoM ke Azraya se utpanna hote haiM ataH ve pratiyogiyoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhate haiN| isa prakAra vaizeSika kA kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pRthaktva Adi kI vyavasthA eka dUsare dravya ke pRthakpana Adi pratiyogiyoM kI apekSA se hI vyavasthita rahatI hai| jaise sUkSmatva, hrasvatva
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 311 tasyAskhalatpratyayaviSayatvena pAramArthikatvena nIlataratvAderapi rUpavizeSasya pAramArthikatvaM yuktamanyathA nairaatmyprsNgaat| nIlataratvAdivatsarvavizeSANAM pratikSepe drvysyaasNbhvaat| tato dravyavadguNAderanekasvabhAvatvaM pratyayAviruddhamavaboddhavyam / / nanvanekasvabhAvatvAtsarvasyArthasya tttvtH| na citravyavahAraH syAjjainAnAM kvacidityasat // 29 // siddhe jAtyaMtare citre tatopoddhRtya bhaasste| jano hyekamidaM nAnA vetyrthitvvishesstH||30|| siddhepyekAnekasvabhAve jAtyaMtare sarvavastuni syAdvAdinAM citravyavahArAheM tato yoddhArakalpanayA kvacidekatrArthitvAdekamidamiti kvacidanekArthitvAdanekamidamiti vyavahAro janaiH pratanyata iti sarvatra sarvadA Adi kI apekSA rakhane vAle eka dravya ke Azrita mahattva Adika dharma mAne jAte haiN| arthAt-Ama kI apekSA AmalA choTA hai aura A~vale se ilAicI choTI hotI hai| isa prakAra anya padArthoM kI apekSA se aNutva, mahattva, dIrghatva, hrasvatva, parimANa vaizeSikoM ne svayaM svIkAra kiye haiN| jaise usa pRthaktva, mahattva Adi kI bAdhA rahita jJAna ke viSaya dhruva rUpa se pratIti hone se pAramArthika haiM, usI prakAra rUpa ke nIla, nIlatara, nIlatama Adi vizeSa svabhAvoM ko bhI vastubhUtapanA yukta mAna lenA cAhie / anyathA (naimittika bhAvoM ko yadi sva kA bhAva nahIM mAnA jAyegA to) nIla, nIlataratva ke samAna vastuoM ke svabhAva rahitapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| nIla, nIlatara Adi ke samAna sampUrNa vizeSoM kA yadi nirAkaraNa kareMge to dravya kI bhI siddhi asambhava ho jaaegii| arthAt-svabhAvoM ke binA dravya kA AtmalAbha asambhava hai ata: siddha huA ki dravya ke samAna guNa, paryAya karma ke bhI aneka svabhAvoM se sahitapanA kisI bhI prAtItika jJAna se viruddha nahIM hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| . zaMkA : sampUrNa arthoM ko yathArtharUpa se jaba aneka svabhAva sahitapanA siddha ho jAtA hai taba to jainoM ke kisI bhI vizeSa padArtha meM citravicitrapane kA vyavahAra nahIM ho sktaa| samAdhAna : isa prakAra kahanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai, kyoMki vibhinna dUsarI jAti vAle citra padArtha ke siddha ho jAne para vizeSa citrita padArtha kI pRthakbhAva kalpanA kara vyavahArI manuSya vizeSa-vizeSa prayojanoM kA sAdhaka hone se una arthoM meM se kisI ko yaha eka hai aura kinhIM ko ye aneka haiM, isa prakAra kaha detA hai| ___bhAvArtha : pratyeka padArtha se aneka prayojana sadha sakate haiN| kintu arthakriyA ke abhilASI jIva ko usa vastu se jo vizeSa prayojana prApta karanA hai tadanusAra ekapanA, anekapanA, citrapanA, vicitrapanA vyavahRta kara liyA jAtA hai||29,30|| arthAt vastu aneka dharmAtmaka hai; unameM jisadharma kI vivakSA hotI hai, vaktA usI kA kathana karatA hai| eka svabhAva aura aneka svabhAvoM ke dhAraka sampUrNa vastuoM ke jAtyantara anekAMtAtmakapane kI siddhi ho jAne para yadyapi sampUrNa hI vastue~ syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ citrapane ke vyavahAra karane yogya hai; phira bhI eka svabhAva vAle aura aneka svabhAva vAle ina do jAtiyoM se bhinna jAtyantara vastuoM se kisI viziSTa vastu kI pRthak bhAva-kalpanA karake kisI hI vizeSa eka vastu meM icchAvaza yaha
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 312 citravyavahAraprasaMgataH kvacitpunarekAnekasvabhAvabhAvArthitvAccitravyavahAropIti naikameva kiMciccitraM nAma yatra niyataM vedanaM syaatprtyrthvshvrtiiti|| yogijJAnavadiSTaM tadbahvAdyarthAvabhAsanam / jJAnamekaM sahasrAMzuprakAzajJAnameva cet // 31 // tadevAvagrahAdyAkhyaM prApnuvat kimu vaaryte| na ca smRtisahAyena kAraNenopajanyate // 32 // bahvAdyavagrahAdIdaM vedanaM zAbdabodhavat / yenAvabhAsanAdbhinnaM grahaNaM tatra neSyate // 33 // ____ yo hyanekatrArthekSAvabhAsanamIzvarajJAnavadAdityaprakAzanavadvyAcakSIta na tu tadgrahaNaM smRtisahAyeneMdriyeNa janitaM tasya prtyrthivshvrtitvaat| sa idaM praSTavyaH kimidaM bahvAdyarthe avagrahAdivedanaM smRtinirapekSiNAkSaNa janyate smRtisahAyena vA? prathamapakSe siddhaM syAdvAdimataM bahvAdyarthAvabhAsanasyaivAvagrahAdijJAnatvena vyavasthApanAt / eka hai, isa prakAra ekapane kA vyavahAra aura anekapana kI abhilASA hone ke kAraNa kinhIM vastuoM meM, anekatva vyavahAra manuSyoM ke dvArA vistRta kiyA jAtA hai| isalie sarvatra aura sarvadA sarva vastuoM meM citra vyavahAra kA prasaMga hone ke kAraNa punaH kahIM aneka AkAravAlI vastu meM yugapat eka svabhAva aura aneka svabhAvoM ke sadbhAva kI abhilASukatA ho jAne se citrapane kA vyavahAra bhI prasiddha hai| arthAt vivakSAvaza citrapane kI pracuratA se kisI hI vizeSa vastu meM citrapane kA vyavahAra hotA hai| isalie siddha huA ki eka hI koI padArtha citra hI nahIM hai jisameM ki niyatarUpa se eka jJAna pratyeka artha ke adhIna hokara vartane vAlA ho sake arthAt citra padArtha kisI apekSA se aneka haiM unameM eka jJAna ho rahA hai| sarvajJa yogI ke jJAna samAna vaha jJAna bahu, bahuvidha Adi arthoM kA prakAzane vAlA iSTa hai| sahasrakiraNa vAle sarya ke prakAza samAna eka jJAna hI aneka kA pratibhAsa kara detA hai| isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to avagraha nAma ko prApta vahI anekagrAhI eka jJAna kyoM niSedha kiyA jA rahA hai? zabdajanya jJAna zAbdabodha karane para pUrva-pUrva samayoM ke uccArita hokara naSTa hote jA rahe aura pahale-pahale ke vargoM kI smRti ko sahAya pAkara antima varNa kA huA zravaNa hI zAbdajJAna karA detA hai, usI prakAra eka-eka jJAna dvArA pahale dekhe gaye eka-eka aneka arthoM kI smRtiyA~ AtmA meM utpanna ho jAtI haiM, una smRtiyoM kI sahAyatA pAkara indriyajanya antimajJAna bahu Adi anekako jAna letA hai| yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai. kyoMki yaha baha Adika arthoM kA avagraha Adika jJAna zAbdabodha ke samAna smatisahakata kAraNa se utpanna nahIM hotA hai, jisase ki vahA~ avabhAsa se bhinna grahaNa iSTa nahIM kiyA jaae| smRti kI apekSA se rahita hokara eka jJAna bahu Adika arthoM ko jAna letA hai||31,32,33|| vaizeSika - yugapat aneka padArthoM ko jAnane vAle IzvarajJAna ke samAna yA sUryaprakAza ke samAna indriyajanya eka jJAna bhI aneka arthoM meM rahatA hai kintu una aneka padArthoM kA grahaNa yugapat nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki smRti kI sahAyatA ko prApta kara indriyoM se vaha jJAna utpanna huA hai| pratyeka artha ke AdhIna hokara jAnane vAlA hone se vaha jJAna eka hI samaya meM aneka ko nahIM jAna sakatA hai| jaina - isa prakAra kahane vAlA naiyAyika pUchane yogya hai ki bahu, bahuvidha Adika arthoM meM rahane vAlA avagraha, IhA Adi svarUpa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 313 dvitIyakalpanAyAM tu pratItivirodhataH svayamananubhUtapUrvepi bahvAdyarthevagrahAdipratIte: smRtisahAyeMdriyajanyatvAsaMbhavAt tatra smRteranudayAt tasyAH svayamanubhUtArtha eva pravartanAdanyathAtiprasaMgAt / tato nedaM bahvAdyavagrahAdijJAnamavabhAsanAdbhinnaM zabdajJAnavatsmRtisApekSaM grahaNamiti maMtavyaM / yato yugapadanekAMtArthe na syAt / bhavatu nAmadhAraNAparyaMtamavabhAsanaM tatra na puna: smaraNAdikaM virodhAditi manyamAnaM pratyAhabahau bahuvidhe cArthe setare'vagrahAdikam / smaraNaM pratyabhijJAnaM ciMtA vAbhinibodhanam // 34 // dhAraNAviSaye tatra na viruddhaM prtiititH| pravRtteranyathA jAtu tanmUlAyA virodhataH // 35 // yaha jJAna kyA smRti kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlI indriya ke dvArA jAnA gayA hai? athavA smRti kI sahAyatA ko dhArane vAlI indriyoM se utpanna huA hai| prathama pakSa lene para to syAdvAdiyoM kA mata siddha hotA hai kyoMki syAdvAda siddhAnta meM bahu Adika arthoM ke jJAna ko hI avagraha, IhA Adika jJAna svarUpa se vyavasthita (nizcita) kiyA hai arthAt smRti kI apekSA nahIM kara indriyoM se bahuta, alpavidha Adi aneka arthoM kA eka jJAna ho jAtA hai| dUsare pakSa kI kalpanA karane para to pratItiyoM se virodha AtA hai kyoMki pahale kabhI svayaM anubhava meM nahIM Aye hue bahu Adi arthoM meM avagraha AdijJAnoM kI pratIti hotI hai| apUrva arthoM meM smRti kI sahAyatA prApta indriyoM se utpanna honA to asambhava hai| usa adRSTapUrva artha meM smRtijJAna kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki svayaM (pahile pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama Adi jJAnoM se) anubhUta arthoM meM hI "tat ityAkArA" "vaha thA" isa vikalpavAlI smRti kI pravRtti hotI hai, anyathA (nahIM anubhUta kiye artha meM bhI yadi smRti kI pravRtti mAnI jAyegI to) atiprasaMga doSa aayegaa| ___arthAt - ananta ajJAta padArthoM kI dhAraNAjJAna nAmaka saMskAra ke binA bhI smRti ho jaayegii| parantu aisA hotA nahIM hai ata: siddha huA ki yaha bahu Adika aneka arthoM ke avagraha Adika jJAna pratyeka artha meM jJAna.rUpa se bhinna nahIM hai, tathA zabdajanya zrutajJAna jaise saMketa smaraNa kI apekSA sahita arthoM kA grAhaka hai| isake samAna avagraha Adi jJAna nahIM haiN| avagraha Adi to smaraNakI apekSA binA hI ho jAte haiM, yaha mAna lenA cAhie ata: aneka dharmAtmaka artha meM yA aneka arthoM meM yugapat avagraha Adika pratyeka jJAna kI pravRtti ho jAtI hai| pravRtti nahIM hotI hai, aisA nahIM hai| una bahu, bahuvidha Adi arthoM meM * dhAraNAparyanta, (avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA taka) jJAna ho sakate haiM kintu, phira smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, Adi jJAna to una bahu Adi viSayoM meM nahIM ho sakate kyoMki isameM virodha doSa AtA hai| - isa prakAra mAnane vAloM ke prati AcArya kahate haiM - bahuta aura bahuta prakAra ke tathA unase itara alpa, alpavidha Adi arthoM meM avagraha Adi dhAraNA taka jJAna hote haiN| usI prakAra bahu Adi 12 prakAra ke arthoM meM smRti, pratyabhijJAna, vyAptijJAna, anumAna jJAna bhI hote haiN| dhAraNAjJAna dvArA viSaya kiye gae una bahu Adi arthoM meM smaraNa Adi jJAnoM kI pratIti kA virodha nahIM hai| anyathA (dhAraNA kiye gaye bahu Adika arthoM meM yadi smRti Adi kI pravRtti nahIM mAnI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 314 na hi dhAraNAviSaye bahvAdyarthe smRtivirudhyate tanmUlAyAstatra prvRtterjaatucidbhaavprsNgaat| nApi tatraM smRtiviSaye pratyabhijJAyAstata eva / nApi pratyabhijJAviSaye ciMtAyAciMtAviSaye vAbhinibodhasya tata eva pratIyate ca tatra tanmUlA pravRttirabhrAMtA ca pratItiriti nizcitaM prAk // kSaNasthAyitayArthasya niHzeSasya prsiddhitH| kSiprAvagraha eveti kecittadaparIkSitam // 36 // sthAsnUtpitsuvinAzitvasamAkrAMtasya vstunH| samarthayiSyamANasya bahutobahutogrataH // 37 // kauTasthyAtsarvabhAvAnAM prsyaabhyupgcchtH| akSiprAvagrahaikAMtopyetenaiva niraakRtH||38|| jAegI to) una dhAraNAdi ko mUlakAraNa mAnakara utpanna huI lokapravRtti kA virodha ho jaaegaa| arthAt - dhAraNA Adi ke anusAra bahu Adika arthoM meM kabhI bhI pravRtti nahIM ho sakegI // 34-35 // ___ saMskArarUpa dhAraNAjJAna kA viSayabhUta bahu, bahuvidha Adi arthoM meM smaraNa ho jAnA viruddha nahIM hai|' yadi dhAraNA dvArA jJAta viSaya meM smRti honA viruddha mAnA jAyegA to una viSayoM meM dhAraNA ko mUla kAraNa mAnakara utpanna huI pravRtti ko kabhI bhI nahIM hone kA prasaMga aaegaa| arthAt - dhAraNAmUlaka smRti ke dvArA RNa lenA-denA, sthAnAntara meM jAkara apane ghara lauTanA Adi aneka pravRttiyA~ dekhI jAtI haiM unake abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| usa smaraNa jJAna dvArA jJAta viSayoM meM pratyabhijJAna kI pravRtti honA bhI viruddha nahIM hai| tathA smRti ke kAraNa pratyabhijJAna dvArA jAna liye gaye viSaya meM cintAjJAna kI, aura cintAdvArA viSaya kiye gae artha meM anumAnajJAna kI pravRtti bhI viruddha nahIM hai kyoMki una jJeya viSayoM meM vyAptijJAna rUpa cintA kI pratIti hotI hai| arthAt-jahA~ dhuA~ hotA hai, vahA~ agni hotI hai-jo kRtaka hai, vaha aMnitya hai ityAdi vyAptijJAna pratyabhijJeya viSaya meM pratIta hotA hai aura vyApti jJAna se jAne jA cuke viSaya meM yaha parvata agnimAna hai, yaha ghaTa anitya hai, ityAdika anumAna jJAna bhI dekhe jAte haiN| ina pUrva ke jJAnoM ko mUla kAraNa mAnakara utpanna huI pravRttiyA~ abhrAnta nirNIta hotI haiN| isakA pUrva meM kathana kara diyA gayA hai| bauddha - sampUrNa ghaTa, paTa, AkAza, AtmA Adi arthoM kI ekakSaNa taka hI sthAyIpane kI prasiddhi hai ataH zIghra avagraha honA to ThIka hai, kintu akSipra avagraha kisI kA nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki ekakSaNa se adhika kAlataka koI bhI padArtha sthira nahIM rahatA hai| isake pratyuttara meM granthakAra kahate haiM ki aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki dhrauvya, utpAda aura vyaya se yukta vastu kA bahuta-bahuta yuktiyoM se Age grantha meM samarthana karane vAle haiN| arthAt - vastu kAlAntara meM rahane vAlI hone se dhruvarUpa hai| yadyapi sUkSma RjusUtranaya kI dRSTi se eka paryAya kSaNataka ThaharatI hai, tathApi vyavahAra naya yA sakalAdezI pramANa dvArA vastu adhika kAla taka ThaharatI huI jAnI jAtI hai ataH dhruvarUpa se vastu ke avagraha, IhA Adi jJAna ho sakate haiM / / 36-37 // sampUrNa padArtha utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya ina tIna svabhAvoM se yugapat samAlIr3ha haiN| ataH sampUrNa padArthoM ko kUTastha nitya hone ke kAraNa akSipra avagraha ko hI svIkAra karane vAle kApila ke akSipra avagraha ekAnta kA bhI isa kathana ke dvArA khaNDana kara diyA gayA hai||38||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 315 kSiprAvagrahAdivadakSiprAvagrahAdayaH saMti trayAtmano vastunaH siddheH|| praapykaariidriyairyukto'nisRtaanuktvstunH| nAvagrahAdirityeke'prApyakArINi tAni vA // 39 // prApyakAribhiriMdriyaiH sparzanarasanaghrANazrotrairanisRtasyAnuktasya cArthasyAvagrahAdiranupapanna eva virodhAt / tadupapannatve vA na tAni prApyakArINi cakSurvat / cakSuSopi hyaprAptArthaparicchedahetutvamaprApyakAritvaM taccAnisRtAnuktArthAvagrahAdihetoH sparzanAderastIti kecit|| tannAnisRtabhAvasyAnuktasyApi ca kaishcn| sUkSmairaMzaiH pariprAptasyAkSaistairavabodhanAt // 40 // zIghra avagraha ho jAnA, zIghra hI IhAjJAna ho jAnA Adi ke samAna akSipra ke avagraha, IhA Adi jJAna bhI ho jAte haiM, kyoMki utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya, ina tIna avayavAtmaka vastu kI pramANoM se siddhi hai| ___ "jJeya padArthoM ke sAtha sambandha kara pratyakSajJAna karAne vAlI sparzana indriya, rasanA indriya, ghrANa indriya aura karNa indriyoM ke dvArA anisRta vastu ke aura anukta padArtha ke sAtha sambandha nahIM ho sakatA hai ataH prApyakArI ina cAra indriyoM dvArA anisRta, anukta artha ke avagraha Adi nahIM ho sktaa| yadi sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, zrotra indriyoM ke dvArA anisRta, anukta ke avagraha Adi jJAna mAna liye jAyeMge to ve cAroM indriyA~ cakSa ke samAna aprApyakArI ho jaaeNgii| isa prakAra koI eka vaizeSika kaha rahA hai||39|| . vaizeSika kahate haiM ki viSayoM se sambandha kara jJAna karAne vAlI prApyakArI sparzana, jIbha, nAka, ina cAra indriyoM ke dvArA anisRta, anukta artha ke avagraha Adika jJAna honA asiddha hI hai kyoMki inase avagraha Adi hone meM virodha hai| jo prApyakArI haiM ve anisRta, anukta ko nahIM jAna sakate haiM aura jo anisRta, anukta arthoM ko jAna rahI haiM, ve sambandhita viSayoM ko prApta kara prApyakArI nahIM bana sakatI haiN| __una anisRta anukta arthoM ke avagraha Adi jJAna upapatti kI kAraNabhUta cAra indriyA~ cakSu ke samAna prApyakArI nahIM ho sktiiN| arthAt-cakSu ke samAna cAra indriyA~ bhI aprApyakArI rheNgii| cakSu ko dUravartI 'aprApta artha ke pariccheda karane kA hetupanA hI cakSu ko aprApyakAritva hai aura vaha aprApyakArIpanA anisRta anukta arthoM ke avagraha Adi jJAnoM kI kAraNabhUta sparzana Adi indriyoM ke bhI sthita hai| aisI dazA meM cAra indriyoM ko bhI aprApyakArIpanA prApta hotA hai isa prakAra koI kahate haiN|" aba AcArya uttara dete haiM ki - yaha kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki anisRta padArtha aura anukta padArthoM kI bhI unake sUkSma aMzoM ke dvArA prAptirUpa sambandha ho jAtA hai| tabhI to prApta viSaya kA una sparzana, rasana, ghrANa, zrotra indriyoM ke dvArA avagraha Adi rUpa jJAna hotA hai| ___bhAvArtha - bahuta dUra rakhI huI agni ko hama sparzana indriya se chUkara jAna lete haiN| yahA~ agni ke cAroM ora phaile hue skandha pudgala usa agni ke nimitta se uSNa ho gaye haiN| agni se jalI huI lakar3I jaise agni kahI jAtI hai, vaise hI abheda dRSTi se ve uSNaskandha agnisvarUpa mAne jAte haiM ata: sUkSma aMzoM ke dvArA dUra kI agni ko hI chUkara hamane yahA~ se sparzana kiyA hai| isI prakAra dUra kUTI jA rahI khaTAI yA kuTakI kA sUkSma aMzoM se rasanA dvArA saMsarga hokara hI rAsana pratyakSa hotA hai| kapUra Adi dUra rahate hue bhI kapUra ke pAriNAmika choTe-choTe aMzoM ko nAsikA dvArA prApta kara hI anisRta padArtha kI gandha ko sUMghA jAtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 316 nisRtoktamathaivaM syAttasyetyapi na shkyte| srvaapraaptimvekssyaivaanisRtaanukttaasthiteH||41|| na hi vayaM kAtsnyenAprAptimarthasyAnisRtatvamanuktatvaM vA. brUmahe ytstdvgrhaadihetoriNdriysyaapraapykaaritvmaayujyte| kiM tarhi / sUkSmairavayavaistadviSayajJAnAvaraNakSayopazamarahitajanAvedyaiH kaizcit prAptAnavabhAsasya cAnisRtasyAnuktasya ca paricche de pravartamAnamiMdriyaM nAprApyakAri syaacckssussvevmpraapykaaritvsyaaprtiiteH| kathaM tarhi cakSuraniMdriyAbhyAmanisRtAnuktAvagrahAdistayorapi prApyakAritvaprasaMgAditi cenna, yogyadezAvasthitereva. dUravartI paudgalika zabda kI pariNati dvArA phailakara choTe-choTe avayavoM karake kAna taka A jAne para hI zrAvaNa pratyakSa hotA hai ata: cAra indriyoM ke prApyakArIpanA hote hue bhI anisRta aura anukta arthoM ke avagraha Adika jJAna siddha ho jAte haiN||40|| ___ isa prakAra kahane para to vastu kA jJAna nisRta aura ukta hI hai arthAt indriyoM dvArA jaba sUkSma aMza sambandhita kara liye gaye haiM, taba to vaha jJAna nisRta aura ukta artha kA hI kahA jAtA hai| aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie kyoMki sampUrNa aMzoM kI aprApti kA vicAra karake hI anisRta aura anukta kI vyavasthA kI gayI hai||41|| ___hama syAdvAdI sampUrNarUpa se prApti nahIM hone ko artha kA anisRtapanA athavA anuktapanA nahIM kahate haiM, jisase ki sUkSma aMzoM se sambandhita kintu pUrNa avayavoM se nahIM prApta una arthoM ke avagraha Adi jJAnoM kI kAraNa sparzana Adi indriyoM ko aprApyakArIpana kA Ayojana kiyA jaae| zaMkA : to kyA kahate haiM? samAdhAna : sUkSma avayavoM ko viSaya karane vAle jJAnAvaraNa kSayopazama se rahita jIvoM ke dvArA nahIM jAnane yogya aise kitane hI choTe-choTe avayavoM dvArA prApta aura aba taka nahIM pratibhAsa kiye gae anisRta anukta artha ke pariccheda karane meM pravarta indriyA~ aprApyakArI nahIM haiM, kyoMki cakSu meM isa prakAra kA aprApyakArI pratIta nahIM hotA hai| ___ bhAvArtha : sUkSma aura sthUla aMza yA mUlapadArtha ke sAtha sabhI prakAra sambandha na karake cakSu asambaddha artha ko jAnatI hai ata: cakSu meM aprApyakArIpana hai| sUkSma aMzoM se prApti hokara padArtha jJAna karAne vAlA kalpita aprApyakArIpanA cakSu meM nahIM hai| prakaraNa meM sUkSma avayavoM se prApti hokara sparzana Adi indriyoM se anisRta artha kA avagraha kiyA gayA hai ata: cAra indriyA~ aprApyakArI nahIM haiN| ve sUkSma avayava sabhI sAmAnya jIvoM dvArA nahIM jAne jAte haiM ata: anisRta yA anukta artha kA vaha avagraha kisI viziSTa jJAnI ke mAnA gayA hai| vaizeSika kahatA hai - cakSu aura mana ke dvArA anisRta aura anukta artha ke avagraha Adi jJAna kaise ho sakate haiM? kyoMki aisA mAnane para una cakSu aura mana ko bhI prApyakArIpana kA prasaMga aaegaa| arthAt : sUkSma avayavoM ke sAtha prApti kI vivakSA karane para cakSu aura mana dvArA avagrahIta artha ke bhI prApyakArIpana ho jaayegaa| jainAcArya kahate haiM - aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki yogya deza meM avasthita ho jAne ko yahA~ prAptipada se kahA gayA hai| arthAt indriya aura arthoM kA yogyadeza meM sthita rahanA prApti mAnA gayA hai| padArtha ke dUra rahate hue bhI cakSu aura mana kA yogyadezapanA bana jAtA hai kintu zeSa cAra
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 317 praapterbhidhaanaat| tathA ca rasagaMdhasparzAnAM svagrAhibhiriMdriyaiH spRSTibaMdhasvayogyadezAvasthiti: zabdasya zrotreNa spRSTimAtraM rUpasya ckssussaabhimukhtyaantiduuraaspRsstttyaavsthitiH| sA ca yathA sakalasya vastrAdestathA tadavayavAnAM ca keSAMciditi tatparicchedinA cakSuSA ' praapykaaritvmupddhaukte| svasminnaspRSTAnAmabaddhAnAM ca tadavayavAnAM kiyatAM cittena paricchedanAt tAvatA cAnisRtAnuktAvagrahAdisiddheH kimadhikenAbhihitena // dhruvasya setarasyAtrAvagrahAderna baadhyte| nityAnityAtmake bhAve siddhiH syAdvAdinoMjasA // 42 // indriyoM kA artha se sambandha ho jAne para hI yogya deza avasthAna bana sakatA hai| vaisA hone para rasa, gaMdha aura sparzoM kI apane ko grahaNa karane vAlI indriyoM ke dvArA sparza kara aura bandha hokara sambandha ho jAne para apane yogya deza avasthiti hai| zabda kI yogyadeza avasthiti to zrotra indriya ke sAtha kevala sparza ho jAne para hI mila jAtI hai| tathA cakSu ke sAtha rUpa kI yogyadeza avasthiti to abhimukha se aura adhika dUra yA atinikaTa nahIM hokara sparza nahIM karatI huI avasthiti honA hai| arthAt - rasa, gandha aura sparza ko to sambandha karake sparzana, rasanA, nAsikA indriyA~ jAnatI haiN| kintu, zabda kA kevala kAna se chU jAne para hI avagraha kara liyA jAtA hai| tathA cakSu ke sAtha viSaya ke chU jAne aura ba~dha jAne kI AvazyakatA sarvathA nahIM hai phira bhI itanI sAmagrI avazya cAhie ki dRSTavya padArtha cakSu ke sanmukha ho ske| vimukha padArtha tattva adhika dUra ke vRkSa, sumeru yA atinikaTavartI aMjana, palaka, tila ko bhI cakSu nahIM dekha sakatI hai ataH yogya deza meM avasthita padArtha ko dekhane vAlI A~kha aprApyakArI mAnI jAtI hai sparzana Adi cAra indriyA~ prApyakArI haiN| - yogya deza kI avasthiti jaise sampUrNa nikale hue vastra Adi arthoM ke nisRta jJAna meM sambhava hai, usI prakAra una vastra Adi ke Tukar3e sUta Adi kitane hI avayavoM ke nikalane para aniHsRta jJAna meM bhI pAye jAte haiN| isa prakAra kucha avayavoM ko dekhakara una avayaviyoM kA pariccheda karane vAlI cakSu ke * aprApyakArIpanA prasiddha ho jAtA hai| arthAt - padArthoM kA kathana karane ke avasara para kucha arthoM kA kathana nahIM hone para bhI abhiprAya dvArA cakSu se anukta kA avagraha ho jAtA hai| pratibhAzAlI vidvAn aniHsRta aura anukta sukha, du:kha icchAoM kA mana indriya se avagraha kara lete haiN| sva kA sparza nahIM karake aura bandha ko prApta nahIM hue usa viSayI avayavI tathA usake kitane hI avayavoM kA mana ke dvArA pariccheda ho jAtA hai| basa, utane se hI anisRta, anukta arthoM ke cakSu aura mana ke dvArA avagraha Adi prasiddha ho jAte haiN| adhika kahane se kyA lAbha? arthAt - isa viSaya meM adhika kahanA vyartha hai| yahA~ taka aniHsRta aura anukta kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| aba dhruva aura adhruva kA varNana karate haiM - isa prakaraNa meM dhruva padArtha ke aura itara (adhruva) padArtha ke avagraha Adi jJAna bAdhita nahIM haiM, kyoMki syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ nirdoSarUpa se nityAnityAtmaka padArthoM meM jJapti ho rahI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 318 yadi kazciddhRva evArthaH kazcidadhruvaH syAttadA syAdvAdinastatrAvagrahAvabodhamAcakSANasya svasiddhAMtabAdha: syAnna punarekamarthaM kathaMciddhRvamadhruvaM cAvadhArayatastasya siddhAMte suprasiddhatvAtsa tathA virodhI bAdhaka iti cet na, tasyApi supratIte vissye'nvkaashaat| pratItaM ca sarvasya vastuno nityaanityaatmktvaat| pratyakSatonumAnAcca tasyAvabodhAdanyathA jAtucidapratIte: paramArthato nobhayarUpatArthasya tatrAnyatarasvabhAvasya kalpanAropitatvAdityapi na kalpanIyaM nityAnityasvabhAvayoranyatarakalpitatve tadavinAbhAvinoparasyApi kalpitatvaprasaMgAt / na cobhayostayoH kalpitatve kiMcidakalpitaM vastuno rUpamupapattimanusarati yatastatra vyavatiSThate vAyamiti tdubhymNjsaabhyupgNtvym|| arthAt : kathaMcit nitya kI apekSA hone se artha ko dhruva rUpa se jAnatA hai (dhruva rUpa se yathAvasthita artha ko jAna letA hai|) tathA saMkleza aura vizuddhi pariNAmoM se sahakRta jIva kathaMcit anityapana kI vivakSA karane para punaH-punaH nyUna, adhika, adhruva vastu kA parijJAna karatA hai||42|| yadi koI padArtha dhruva hI hotA aura koI padArtha adhruva hI hotA taba to usa dhruva ekAnta yA adhruvaekAnta padArtha meM avagraha jJAna ko kahane vAle syAdvAdI ke yahA~ sva siddhAMta se bAdhA upasthita hotI kintu eka hI padArtha ko kisI apekSA se dhruvasvarUpa aura anya apekSA se adhruvasvarUpa avadhAraNA karane vAle anekAntavAdI ke siddhAMta meM nitya, anityasvarUpa artha kI pramANoM se siddhi hotI hai, ataH dhruva adhruva kI avagraha meM koI Apatti (bAdhA) upasthita nahIM ho sktii| vastuoM ko dhruva, adhruva svarUpa mAnane para to sahAnavasthA doSa vA prasiddha virodha doSa bAdhaka haiM, aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pramANoM se pratIta viSaya meM virodha doSa kA avakAza nahIM hai kyoMki sampUrNa vastuoM ke nitya, anitya AtmakapanA pratIta ho rahA hai ataH virodha doSa kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai tathA pratyakSa aura anumAna pramANa ke dvArA una dhruva adhruva svarUpa vastuoM kA abAdhita jJAna ho rahA hai| anyathA (ekAnta rUpa se dhruva yA kevala adhruva rUpa se) vastu kI kabhI bhI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| isa kAraNa dhruva adhruva padArtha ke avagraha Adi jJAna ho jAne meM koI bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotI hai| "paramArtha se padArtha ke dhruva aura adhruva donoM svarUpapanA ThIka nahIM hai| una donoM meM se eka dhruva hI yA adhruva hI svarUpa se vastu kA tadAtmakapanA samucita hai| donoM meM se zeSa bacA huA dharma kalpanA se Aropita hai; vastubhUta nahIM hai|" isa prakAra bhI kalpanA nahIM karanA cAhie kyoMki nitya anityapanArUpa do svabhAvoM meM se kisI eka ko bhI yadi kalpita mAnA jAtA hai to usake sAtha avinAbhAva rakhane vAle dUsare nityapana yA anityapana svabhAva ko bhI kalpitapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| una donoM svabhAvoM ko kalpita mAna lene para vastu kA koI bhI rUpa akalpita hotA huA siddhi kA anusaraNa nahIM kara sakatA jisase ki kisI bhI usa vastu meM yaha ni:svabhAvavAdI bauddha apanI vyavasthA kara ske| ___arthAt : kisI bhI padArtha ko yadi mukhya, akalpita yA apane svabhAvoM meM vyavasthita nahIM mAnA jAegA to sampUrNa bhI jagat kalpita ho jaaegaa| aisI dazA meM bauddha apanI svayaM kI siddhi bhI nahIM kara
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 319 arthasya // 17 // kimarthamidaM sUtryate sAmarthyasiddhatvAditi cedatrocyate;nanu bahvAdayo dharmAH setarAH kasya dharmiNaH / te'vagrahAdayo yeSAmityarthasyeti sUtritam // 1 // na kazciddharmo vidyate bahvAdibhyonyo'nanyo vAnekadoSAnuSaMgAttadabhAve na tepi dharmANAM dhrmprtNtrlkssnntvaatsvtNtraannaamsNbhvaat| tataH keSAmavagrahAdayaH kriyAvizeSA ityAkSipaMtaM prtiidmucyte| skeNge| ata: una donoM dhruva, adhruva svarUpoM ko sulabhatA se pratyeka vastu meM nirdoSa svIkAra kara lenA caahie| isa prakAra bahu Adika bAraha bhedoM ke avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNAjJAna ho jAte haiN| bahu, bahuvidha Adi dharmoM ke AdhArabhUta dharmoM ko samajhAne ke lie zrI umAsvAmI AcArya agrimasUtra kA pratipAdana karate haiM-cakSu Adi indriyoM ke viSayabhUta padArtha ko artha kahate haiN| usa bahu Adi vizeSaNoM se viziSTa artha ke avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNAjJAna hote haiM; smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna Adi jJAna bhI artha ke hI hote haiN||17|| ___yaha sUtra kisa prayojana ke lie banAyA gayA hai? kyoMki bahu Adika dharmoM ke kathana kara dene kI sAmarthya se hI dharma vAlA artha to svataH pratIta siddha ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra zaMkA ke uttara meM zrI vidyAnanda AcArya kahate haiM - - alpa, alpavidha Adi itaroM se sahita bahu, bahuvidha Adi dharma kisa dharmI ke haiM? jina bahu AdikoM ke ve avagraha Adi cAra jJAna ho skeN| isa prakAra jijJAsA hone para "arthasya" aisA sUtra AcAryapravara zrI umAsvAmI mahArAja dvArA kahA gayA hai||1|| bhAvArtha : jo koI dharmI ko na mAna kara akele dharmoM ko hI jJAna viSaya kA svIkAra karate haiM, jaise ki rUpa, rasa to haiM kintu pudgaladravya koI dharmI nahIM hai, jJAna sukha to hai, AtmA nahIM hai| una vAdiyoM ke nirAkaraNArtha 'arthasya' yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai| - bahu, bahuvidha Adi dharmoM se sarvathA bhinna athavA abhinna koI dharmI padArtha vidyamAna nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para aneka doSoM ke Ane kA prasaMga AtA hai| arthAt dharmI se dharma kA sarvathA bheda mAnane para "isa dharmI ke ye dharma haiN|" aisA niyata vyapadeza nahIM ho skegaa| jala kA uSNatA aura agni kA dharma zItapanA bana jaayegaa| tathA dharmI kA dharmoM se abheda mAnane para dharmoM ke samAna dharmI bhI aneka ho jaayeNge| tathA usa dharmI kA abhAva ho jAne para usake Azrita rahane vAle ve dharma bhI siddha nahIM hote haiN| kyoMki dharmI ke parAdhIna hokara rahanA dharmoM kA lakSaNa hai| sabhI dharma dharmI ke AdhIna rahate haiN| svataMtra rahane vAle dharmoM kI asambhavatA hai| ataH avagraha, IhA, Adi jJaptikiyA ke vizeSa kina viSayoM ke hote haiM? isa prakAra AkSepa karane vAle bauddhoM ke prati yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai| bAdhArahita pratItiyoM se siddha dharmI svarUpa artha ke aura dharmI ke AdhInatA se pratIti meM Ane vAle anya Adi itaroM se sahita ve bahu Adika dharmoM kI avagraha Adi vizeSoM se paricchittiyA~ jJAna ho jAtA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 320 arthasyAbAdhitapratItisiddhasya dharmiNo bahvAdInAM setarANAM tatparataMtratayA pratIyamAnAnAM dharmANAmavagrahAdayaH paricchittivizeSAstadekaM matijJAnamiti sUtratrayeNaikaM vAkyaM caturthasUtrApekSeNa vA pratipattavyaM // ____ kaH punarartho nAmetyAha;yo vyakto dravyaparyAyAtmArthaH sotraabhisNhitH| avyaktasyottare sUtre vyaMjanasyopavarNanAt // 2 // kevalo nArthaparyAyaH sUreriSTo virodhtH| tasya bahvAdiparyAyaviziSTatvena sNvidH||3|| tata eva na niHzeSaparyAyebhyaH parAGmukham / dravyamartho na cAnyonyAnapekSya tavayaM bhavet // 4 // evamarthasya dharmANAM bahvAdItarabhedinAm / avagrahAdayaH siddhaM tanmatijJAnamIritam // 5 // hai| ata: vaha saba eka matijJAna hai| isa prakAra tIna sUtroM ke ekAvayavIrUpa se eka vAkya banAkara eka .matijJAna kA vidhAna kiyA gayA samajhanA caahie| arthAt avagra hehAvAyadhAraNA:1 bahubahuvidhakSiprAnisRtAnuktadhruvANAM setarANAM 2 arthasya 3 ina tInoM sUtroM kA ekIbhAva kara dharmI padArtha ke bahu Adi dharmoM kA avagrahajJAna hotA hai| IhA AdikajJAna bhI hote haiN| athavA cauthA sUtra "tadindriyAnindriyanimittaM' milAkara isa prakAra zabdabodha karanA ki artha ke bahu Adika dharmoM kA indriya anindriyoM karake avagrahajJAna hotA hai| IhA AdijJAna bhI hote haiN| athavA cauthe sUtra "matiHsmRti: saMjJAcintAbhinibodha ityanAntaram' kI apekSA rakhate hue ukta tIna sUtroM dvArA eka vAkya banAkara yaha artha kara lenA cAhie ki artha ke dharma bahu Adi ke avagraha Adi jJAna hote hue smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi jJAna bhI ho jAte haiN| tathA tIna sUtroM ke sAtha bhaviSya ke "vyaMjanasyAvagrahaH" isa cauthe sUtra kA yoga kara dene para yaha artha samajha lenA cAhie ki dharmI vyakta artha aura avyakta artha ke bahu Adi dharmoM kA avagraha ho jAtA hai| vyakta artha ke dharmoM ke IhA Adi yA smaraNa Adi matijJAna bhI ho jAte haiN| yaha sUtra meM kahA gayA artha kyA padArtha hai? isa prakAra ziSya kI jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM-dravya aura paryAyoM se tadAtmaka dharmI vastubhUta vyakta padArtha hai, vahI isa prakaraNa meM artha zabda se abhipreta hai kyoMki agrima bhaviSya sUtra meM avyakta vyaMjana kA varNana kiyA jAegA // 2 // virodha hone se dharmI artha se rahita kevala artha kI paryAyeM svarUpa hI artha zrI umAsvAmI AcArya ko iSTa nahIM hai| ___arthAt : dharmI ke binA kevala paryAyasvarUpa dharmoM kA rahanA viruddha hai| kyoMki bahu, bahuvidha Adi paryAyoM se viziSTa rUpa se usa artha kA samvedana prasiddha hai ataH sampUrNa paryAyoM se parAGmukha dravya bhI artha nahIM mAnanA caahie| tathA paraspara eka dUsare kI apekSA nahIM rakhate hue kevala dravya yA akele paryAya ye donoM bhI svataMtrarUpa se artha nahIM haiM arthAt - paramArtha rUpa se svakIya dravya aura paryAyoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka vastu hI artha hai||3-4|| isa prakAra vyavasthita artha ke bahu, alpa Adika bAraha bheda vAle dharmoM ke avagraha Adi jJAna hote
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 321 naM hi dharmI dharmebhyo'nya eva yataH saMbaMdhAsiddhiranupakArAt tadupakAre vA kAryakAraNabhAvApattestayordharmadharmibhAvAbhAvognidhUmavat / dharmiNi dharmANAM vRttau ca sarvAtmanA pratyeka dharmibahutvApattiH ekadezena sAvayavatvaM punastebhyovayavebhyo bhede sa eva paryanuyogonavasthA ca, prakArAMtareNa vRttAvadRSTaparikalpanamityAdidoSopanipAtaH syaat| nApyananya eva yato dharyeva vA dharma eva tdnyetraayaaH| ye cobhayAsattvaM tatopi sarvo vyavahAra ityupAlaMbhaH sNbhvet| nApi tenaiva rUpeNAnyatvamananyatvaM ca dharmadharmiNoryato haiN| ata: inako yuktiyoM se siddha matijJAna kahA gayA hai||5|| syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ apane nijadharmAM se sarvathA bhinna hI dharmI nahIM mAnA gayA hai, jisase ki anupakArI hone se svasvAmi vyavahAra ke kAraNa SaSThI saMbaMdha kI asiddhi ho sakatI ho| arthAt-bhedavAdI naiyAyikoM ke yahA~ dharma aura dharmI kA paraspara meM upakAra nahIM hone se una dharmadharmiyoM ke sambandha kI siddhi nahIM ho pAtI hai| parantu syAdvAdamata meM koI virodha nahIM hai| yadi naiyAyika una dharmadharmiyoM kA paraspara upakAra mAneMge, taba to una dharmadharmiyoM ke kAryakAraNabhAva ho jAne kA prasaMga AyegA, jaise ki agni aura dhUma kA kAryakAraNabhAva sambandha hai| parantu unameM dharmadharmIbhAva sambandha nahIM bana skegaa| kyoMki samAnakAlIna padArthoM meM hone vAlA dharmadharmIbhAva sambandha hai| aura krama se hone vAle padArthoM meM hone vAlA kAryakAraNabhAva sambandha hai| dharmI meM dharmoM kI vRtti mAnane para yadi sampUrNarUpa se vRtti mAnI jAyegI taba to dharmI ke zarIra meM pUre aMza se eka-eka dharma ke rahane para dharmiyoM ke bahutapane kA prasaMga aayegaa| . arthAt pratyeka dharma pUre dharmI meM samA jAyeMge to pratyeka dharma ke Thaharane ke lie aneka dharmI caahie| yadi dharmI ke eka-eka deza karake una dharmoM kI vRtti mAnI jAe to dharmI ko sAvayavatva kA prasaMga aaegaa| phira una eka-ekadezarUpa avayavoM se dharmI kA bheda hI mAnA jaaegaa| aisI dazA hone para puna: una apane niyata avayaMvoM meM bhI ekadeza se hI avayavI rahegA aura phira vahI avayavoM meM pUrNarUpa se yA ekadeza se rahane kA prazna uThAyA jaayegaa| isa prakAra bhedavAdI ke yahA~ dharmI meM dharmoM yA avayavoM kI vRtti mAnate-mAnate anavasthA doSa aayegaa| pUrNarUpa se yA ekadeza se vRtti honA nahIM mAnakara anya prakAroM se vRtti mAnane para to adRSTa kI kalpanA karanI pdd'egii| isa prakAra aneka doSa bhedavAdiyoM ke Upara Ate haiN| isalie dharma aura dharmI kA sarvathA bheda nahIM mAnakara kaMthacit bheda mAnanA caahie| tathA dharmoM se dharmI sarvathA abhinna bhI ho, yaha bhI hama jainoM ke yahA~ nahIM hai| jisase ki akelA dharmI hI rahe athavA akele dharma hI vyavasthita rheN| una donoM dharma yA dharmiyoM meM se eka ke bhI vizleSa ho jAne para donoM kA hI abhAva ho jAtA hai| arthAt - jo avinAbhUta tadAtmaka artha hai, unameM se eka kA apAya karane para zeSa bace hue kA bhI apAya avazyaMbhAvI hai| tathA sarvathA abheda ho jAne se sabhI meM dharmapane ' yA dharmIpane kA vyavahAra ho jAyegA, yaha ulAhanA denA bhI sambhava nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki syAdvAdiyoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *322 virodhobhayadoSasaMkaravyatikarAH pratipattavyAH syuH| kiM tarhi / kathaMcidanyatvamananyatvaM ca yathApratItijAtyaMtaramaviruddhaM citravijJAnavatsAmAnyavizeSavadvA sattvAdyAtmakaikapradhAnavadvA citrpttvdvetyuktpraayN| tata eva na siddhAnAmasiddhAnAM vA bahvAdInAM dharmiNi na pArataMtryAnupapattiH kathaMcittAdAtmyasya tataH pArataMtryasya vyvsthiteH| ne dharma-dharmI kA sarvathA abheda nahIM mAnakara kathaMcit abheda mAnA hai| syAdvAda siddhAnta meM dharma aura dharmI meM jisa rUpa se bheda mAnA hai usI rUpa se abheda nahIM mAnA gayA hai jisase ki virodha doSa, ubhayadoSa, saMkara, vyatikaradoSa, apratipattidoSa Ate haiN| arthAt - jisa svarUpa se bheda mAnA jAtA hai usI svarUpa se abheda mAnane para virodha AtA hai| bhAvArtha : jaba eka hI vastu meM kathaMcit bheda aura kathaMcit abheda mAnate haiM to una donoM ke apekSaNIya dharmoM kA saMmizraNa ho jAne se ubhayadoSa, bheda-abheda ke bhinna-bhinna avacchedakoM kI yugapat prApti, . ho jAne se saMkara doSa, paraspara viSayoM meM gamana ho jAnA rUpa vyatikara doSa, bheda-abheda aMzoM meM punaH ekaeka meM bheda-abheda kI kalpanA karate rahanA anavasthA doSa, vastu meM bheda-abheda ke niyAmaka donoM dharma rahate haiM to kisa dharma se bheda mAnA jaae| aura kisase abheda? isa prakAra saMzaya doSa, aisI avyavasthita dazA meM vastu kI nirNIta pratipatti nahIM ho skegii| yaha apratipattidoSa, anirNIta vastu kA yA do viruddha dharmoM ke kAraNa vastu kA abhAva hI kahanA par3atA hai ataH abhAva doSa ina ATha doSoM kI bhedAbheda ubhaya Atmaka rUpa se pratIta vastu meM saMbhAvanA nahIM hai, kyoMki pramANa se jAna lie gae padArtha meM koI doSa nahIM Ate haiN| yadi jaina vidvAna dharma aura dharmI kA bheda bhI nahIM mAnate haiM, abheda bhI nahIM mAnate haiM tathA usa eka hI rUpa se bheda-abheda donoM ko nahIM mAnate haiM, to dharma dharmI ko kaise kyA mAnate haiM? isa prakAra tIvra jijJAsA hone para AcArya kahate haiM ki-pratIti kA atikramaNa nahIM kara dharma aura dharmI kA kathaMcit bheda aura kathaMcit abheda mAnA gayA hai| bheda aura abheda kI jAtiyoM se yaha kathaMcit bheda-abheda tIsarI, jAti kA hokara aviruddha hai, jaise bauddhoM ke aneka AkAroM se milA huA eka citra vijJAna hai arthAt jaise citrajJAna eka AkAra tathA nIla, pIta Adi aneka AkAra se rahita pRthak jAti kA hai, athavA vaizeSikoM ke dvArA svIkRta sAmAnyasvarUpa vyApaka jAtiyoM kI vizeSarUpa vyApya jAti ke samAna hai| pudgala meM paTatva kI apekSA vizeSapanA bhI hai aura sattA, dravyatva kI apekSA sAmAnyapanA bhI hai| tathA kApiloM ne sattvaguNa, rajoguNa, tamoguNa ina tIna kI tadAtmaka avasthA rUpa eka prakRti ko mAnA hai| triguNa Atmaka vaha pradhAna una pRthak-pRthak tIna ke tritva yA AkAza ke ekatva se bhinna jAti ko liye hue hai athavA naiyAyikoM ke yahA~ mAnA gayA citrapaTa tattva to aneka bhinna-bhinna rUpoM se yA zuddha eka rUpa se yukta padArthoM kI apekSA pRthak tIsarI jAtivAlA padArtha hai| isa prakAra kitane hI ekAntavAdiyoM ke dvArA mAne gaye dRSTAntoM se vastu kA bheda abheda Atmaka jAtyantarapanA sAdha lenA caahie| isa bAta ko hama pahile kitane hI sthaloM para prAyaH kaha cuke haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 323 na ca tadravyArthataH satAM paryAyArthato'satAM dharmANAM dharmI viruddhyate'nyathaiva virodhaat| tato dravyaparyAyAtmArthoM dharmI vyaktaH pratIyatAmavyaktasya vyaMjanaparyAyasyottarasUtre vidhaanaat| dravyanirapekSastvarthaparyAyaH kevalo nArthotra tsyaaprmaannktvaat| nApi dravyamAnaM parasparaM nirapekSaM tadubhayaM vA tata ev| na caivaMbhUtasyArthasya vivartAnAM bahvAdItarabhedabhRtAmavagrahAdayo virudhyate yena evaikaM matijJAnaM yathoktaM na siddhyet|| ataeva kathacit bheda-abheda-Atmaka vastu ke nirNIta ho jAne se niSpanna athavA nahIM niSpanna bahu, bahuvidha Adi dharmoM kI eka dharmI meM usake parataMtra rahane kI asiddhi nahIM hai arthAt - dharma dharmiyoM meM paraspara parAdhInatA hai tathA unake sAtha kathaMcit tAdAtmya rUpa se parataMtratA kI vyavasthA hai| ___usa vastu meM dravyArthikanaya se vidyamAna aura paryAyArthika naya se avidyamAna dharmoM kA AdhArabhUta dharmI viruddha nahIM hai| anyathA (jisa apekSA se vidyamAna aura usI apekSA se avidyamAna athavA jisa apekSA se avidyamAna aura usI apekSA se vidyamAna mAnA jAtA hai to) virodha AtA hai parantu bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se mAnane para anekAntoM meM yathArtha rUpa se vastu saMskRta ho jAtI hai| ataH dravya aura paryAyoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka artha hI yahA~ vyakta adhika prakaTadharmI samajha lenA caahie| vyaMjana paryAya svarUpa avyakta dharmI kA uttaravartI "vyaMjanasyAvagrahaH" isa sUtra meM vidhAna kiyA jaaegaa| sarvathA dravya nirapekSa kevala artha paryAya hI yahA~ artha vivakSita nahIM hai, kyoMki usa akelI artha- paryAya ko hI vastupane kI jJapti karanA aprAmANika hai tathA paryAyoM se rahita kevala dravya ko hI yahA~ artha nahIM liyA gayA hai, kyoMki kevala dravya ko - paryAyoM se rahita jAnanA aprAmANika hai| athavA paraspara kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle kevala dravya yA paryAya ye donoM bhI yahA~ artha nahIM haiM kyoMki yaha pramANa siddha nahIM hai| arthAt : AtmA kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlA jJAna aura jJAna kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlA AtmA jaise pramANa kA viSaya nahIM haiM, usI prakAra dravya kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlA nirAdhAra paryAya aura paryAyoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlA Adheya rahita dravya, ye donoM bhI koI padArtha nahIM haiM ataH parasparApekSA dravya aura paryAyoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka vastu hI artha hai| isa prakAra vastubhUta artha ke bahu, bahuvidha aura unase itara alpa, alpavidha Adi bhedoM ko dhArane vAle paryAyoM ko viSaya karane vAle avagraha Adika jJAna viruddha nahIM haiM jisase yathArtha kahA gayA eka matijJAna siddha nahIM ho ske| arthAt : dravya, paryAya, Atmaka artha ke bahu Adika bAraha bheda vAle paryAyoM ko viSaya karane vAle avagraha Adi aura smRti Adika matijJAna hI haiN| ve saba matijJAna kI apekSA eka haiN| prasaMga prAptoM meM vizeSa niyama karane ke lie tathA ziSyoM kI vyutpatti ke lie sUtrakAra agrima sUtra . kahate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika ** 324 vyNjnsyaavgrhH|| 18 // nArabdhavyamidaM pUrvasUtreNaiva siddhatvAt ityArekAyAmAha;niyamArthamidaM sUtraM vyaMjanetyAdi drshitm| siddhe hi vidhirArabhyo niyamAya mniissibhiH||1|| kiM punayaMjanamityAha;avyaktamatra zabdAdijAtaM vyNjnmissyte| tasyAvagraha eveti niyamobbhakSavadgataH // 2 // IhAdayaH punastasya na syuH spssttaarthgocraaH| niyameneti sAmarthyAduktamatra pratIyate // 3 // avyakta padArtha kA avagraha hI hotA hai| IhA, avAya, dhAraNA, smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, tarka, anumAna nAma ke matijJAna ye avyakta artha meM pravRtti nahIM karate haiN||18|| - pahale ke "arthasya" sUtra karake hI isa "vyaMjanasyAvagraha:" sUtra kA prameya siddha ho jAne se isa sUtra kA Arabdha nahIM karanA caahie| isa prakAra kI ziSya kI zaMkA kA samAdhAna zrI vidyAnanda AcArya vArttika dvArA karate haiM - yaha "vyaMjanasyAvagrahaH" sUtra niyama karane ke lie dikhalAyA gayA hai kyoMki kArya siddha ho jAne para punaH Arambha kI gaI vidhi vicArazAlI vidvAnoM ne niyama karane ke lie mAnI hai| arthAt - vyaMjana artha kA avagraha ho jAnA yadyapi pUrvasUtra se hI siddha thA, kintu yahA~ yaha dikhalAnA hai ki avyakta vastu kA avagraha hI hotA hai, IhA, Adi nahIM // 1 // vyaMjana kA kyA artha hai? isa prakAra kI jijJAsA kA uttara hai - yahA~ avyakta zabda, sparza, rasa, gaMdha kA athavA sparzavAna pudgala, rasavAna pudgala Adi kA samudAya hI vyaMjana iSTa kiyA gayA hai| usa vyaMjana kA avagraha hI hotA hai| isa prakAra kA niyama jalabhakSaNa ke samAna jAna lenA caahie| arthAt - jaise koI anupavAsa karane vAlA jala pItA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vaha anna, dUdha, miSTAnna nahIM khAkara usa dina kevala jala hI pItA hai| isa prakAra avadhAraNAtmaka jJAna ho jAtA hai||2|| usa avyakta padArtha ke phira IhA Adi matijJAna nahIM hote haiM- kyoMki ve IhA Adi jJAna vyaktarUpa se spaSTa artha ko viSaya karane vAle haiN| isa prakAra niyama karake sUtra kI sAmarthya se kaha diyA gayA artha yahA~ pratIta ho jAtA hai| arthAt-avyakta ke IhA Adi jJAna nahIM hote haiN| yaha sUtra meM kaNThokta nahIM kahA gayA hai| phira bhI niyama karane kI sAmarthya se arthApatti se labdha ho jAtA hai||3|| zaMkA : jisa prakAra indriyoM se spaSTa artha ko viSaya karane vAlA arthAvagraha hotA hai, usake samAna vaha vyaMjanAvagraha bhI spaSTa viSaya karane vAlA kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai? indriyajanya to yaha bhI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 325 nanvarthAvagraho yadvadakSataH spssttgocrH| tadvat kiM nAbhimanyeta vyNjnaavgrhopysau||4|| kSayopazamabhedasya taadRsho'sNbhvaadih| aspaSTAtmakasAmAnyaviSayatvavyavasthitam // 5 // adhyakSatvaM na hi vyAptaM spaSTatvena vishesstH| daviSThapAdapAdhyakSajJAnasyAspaSTatekSaNAt // 6 // vizeSaviSayatvaM ca divA taamspkssinnaaN| tigmarocirmayUkheSu bhRgapAdAvabhAsanAt // 7 // nanu ca dUratamadezavartini pAdapAdau jJAnamaspaSTamasmadAderasti vizeSAviSayaM cAdityakiraNeSu dhyAmalAkAramadhukaracaraNavadavabhAsanamulUkAdInAM prasiddhaM / na tu tadakSajaM zrutamaspaSTatvAcchutamaspaSTatarkaNamiti vacanAt / tato na tena vyabhicArokSajatvasya hetoH spaSTatve sAdhye vyaMjanAvagrahe dharmiNIti kshcit| tanna yuktyAgamAviruddhaM daviSThapAdapAdijJAnamakSajamakSAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvAt sannikRSTapAdapAdivijJAnavat / samAdhAna : yahA~ avyakta artha kA vyaMjanAvagraha karate samaya usa prakAra ke spaSTa jAnane vAle vizeSa kSayopazama kI asambhavatA hai ata: vyaMjanAvagraha kA aspaSTa svarUpa sAmAnya padArtha ko hI viSaya karanA vyavasthita kiyA gayA hai| arthAt arthAvagraha yA vyaMjanAvagraha karate samaya sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka artha ekasA hai, phira bhI kSayopazama ke adhIna jJAnoM kI pravRtti hone ke kAraNa vyaMjanAvagraha dvArA avyakta zabdAdi ke samudAya kA hI jJAna hotA hai, IhA Adi kA nahIM // 4-5 // pratyakSa kI spaSTatA ke sAtha vizeSarUpa se vyApti nahIM hai kyoMki adhika dUravartI vRkSa ke pratyakSa jJAna kA aspaSTapanA dekhA jAtA hai tathA vizeSoM kA viSaya karanA bhI pratyakSa ke sAtha vyApta nahIM hai| aMdhakAra meM dekhane vAle ullU, cimagAdar3a Adi pakSiyoM ko dina meM sUrya kI kiraNoM meM bhramara ke pairoM kA pratibhAsa hotA hai| arthAt - pratyakSajJAna hokara bhI koI-koI jJAna aspaSTarUpa se sAmAnya kA viSaya karate haiN| spaSTa rUpa se sabhI vizeSa aMzoM ko jAna lenA pratyakSajJAna ke lie Avazyaka nahIM hai // 6-7 // .. zaMkA : bahuta adhika dUra deza meM sthita vRkSa Adi padArthoM meM hamAre jaise alpajJAniyoM ko aspaSTajJAna hotA hai tathA aMdhere meM dekhane vAle ullU Adi tAmasa pakSiyoM ko dina ke samaya sUrya kI kiraNoM meM utpanna huA thor3A, kAlA-kAlA, bhramara ke caraNa samAna dIkha jAnA vizeSa aMza ko viSaya nahIM karane vAlA prasiddha hai| parantu vizeSa kA viSaya nahIM karane vAlA vaha jJAna indriyoM se janya nahIM hai, pratyut avizada hone ke kAraNa zrutajJAna hai| avizada vikalpa rUpa tarkaNAe~ karane vAlA jJAna zrutajJAna hotA hai| isa prakAra ArSa granthoM meM kahA gayA hai| ata: vyaMjanAvagraha pakSa meM spaSTatva ko sAdhya karane para indriyajanyatvapana hetu kA usa dUravartI vRkSa ke jJAna yA dina meM ullUka Adi kA jJAna karake vyabhicAra doSa yukta nahIM hotA hai| isalie arthAvagraha ke samAna vyaMjanAvagraha ko bhI spaSTa jJAna mAnanA caahie| aisA kahane vAle ke prati AcArya kahate haiM - uparyukta kisI kA kahanA yukti aura Agama se aviruddha nahIM hai arthAt-yaha kathana Agama aura yukti ke viruddha hai| .. dUravartI vRkSa ke dekhane ko aura dina meM ullU Adi ke dekhane ko pratyakSa nahIM mAnanA, yaha mata anumAna aura Agama se viruddha hai, kyoMki adhika dUravartI vRkSa Adi kA jJAna indriyajanya hai, indriyoM ke
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 326 zrutajJAnaM vA na bhavati sAkSAtparaMparayA vA matipUrvakatvAbhAvAt tadvadeveti yuktiviruddhamAgamaviruddhaM ca tasya zrutajJAnatvaM yato dhImadbhiranubhUyate / na cAspaSTatarkaNaM zrutasya lakSaNaM smRtyAderapi zrutatvaprasaMgAt / matigRhItertheniMdriyabalAdaspaSTaM svasaMvedanapratyakSAdanyatvAttarkaNaM nAnAsvarUpaprarUpaNaM zrutamiti tasya vyAkhyAne 'zrutaM matipUrva' ityetadeva lakSaNaM tathoktaM syAt tacca na prkRtjnyaanesti| na hi sAkSAccakSurmatipUrvaka sAtha anvaya, vyatireka kA anuvidhAna karanevAlA hone se| arthAt-indriyoM ke hone para vaha jJAna hotA hai, indriyoM ke nahIM hone para dUra se vRkSa kA jJAna yA dina meM ullU ko jJAna nahIM hotA hai| jaise ki nikaTa deza ke vRkSa Adi kA vizeSa jJAna indriyoM ke sAtha anvaya, vyatireka ko anuvidhAna karane vAlA hone se indriyajanya hai| vastuta: ukta jJAna pratyakSa nahIM hai, kyoMki "Adye parokSam" isa sUtra dvArA indriya, anindriyajanya matijJAna ko parokSa mAnA hai| kintu vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ indriyajanyajJAna pratyakSa mAnA gayA hai| ye ukta jJAna zrutajJAna to kaise bhI nahIM ho sakate kyoMki ina jJAnoM meM avyavahita sAkSAt athavA vyavahita paramparA rUpa se matipUrvakatva kA abhAva nahIM hai| (atinikaTavartI vRkSa ke jJAna samAna) arthAt-koI Adi ke zrutajJAna to sAkSAt matijJAna ko pUrva mAnakara utpanna hote haiM aura koI zrutajJAnajanya dUsare zrutajJAna paramparA dvArA matipUrvaka hote haiM kintu ina dUravartI vRkSa Adi ke jJAnoM ke pUrva meM matijJAna kA abhAva kathamapi nahIM hai ata: ukta jJAna zrutajJAna nahIM ho sakate haiN| vyaMjana avagraha Adi jJAnoM ko zrutajJAna kahanA yuktiyoM se tathA AgamapramANa se viruddha hai, kyoMki pratibhAzAlI vidvAnoM ke dvArA Agama pramANa ukta jJAnoM meM zrutajJAna se bhinnatA kA anubhava kiyA jA rahA hai| tathA avizadarUpa se vikalpanAe~ karanA zrutajJAna kA lakSaNa nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para smRti, tarkajJAna Adi ko bhI zrutajJAnapane kA prasaMga AtA hai| ye jJAna bhI apane viSayoM kI avizada vikalpanAe~ karate haiN| yadi "aspaSTatarkaNaM zrutaM' isa lakSaNa vAkya kA matijJAna dvArA gRhIta artha meM mana indriya kI sAmarthya se jo avizadaprakAzI (svasamvedanapratyakSa) se bhinnapanA hone ke kAraNa tarkaNa, nAnA svarUpoM kA nirUpaka zrutajJAna hai| aisA paribhASaNa karane para to "zrutaM matipUrva' yaha lakSaNa hI vyAkhyAna karane ke samaya kaha diyA gayA hai kintu vaha zrutajJAnapanA to prakaraNa prApta dUravartI jJAna yA ullUka jJAnoM meM nahIM hai kyoMki vaha dara vakSa Adi kA jJAna sAkSAta rUpa se cakSa indriyajanya matijJAna ko kAraNa mAnakara utpanna nahIM hotA hai| yadi aisA hotA to usa spaSTa pratibhAsa ke avyavahita kAla pIche usa dUravartI vRkSa Adi kA avizada pratibhAsa hone kA prasaMga aataa| yaha jJAna paramparA se bhI matijJAnapUrvaka nahIM hai, jaise ki parArthAnumAna meM karNa indriya dvArA Apta ke zabda ko sunakara hetu kA jJAna svarUpa pahilA zrutajJAna kahA jAtA hai| pIche usa zrutajJAna se sAdhyajJAnarUpa dUsarA zrutajJAna ho jAtA hai| isa dUsare zrutajJAna meM paramparA se matijJAna pUrvavartI rahatA hai| kintu yahA~ dUra vRkSa Adi ke jJAna meM paramparA se matijJAna kAraNa nahIM hai| ata: liGga, vAcya Adi ke zrutajJAna ke pUrvaka se usa dUravRkSa Adi jJAna kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 327 tatspaSTapratibhAsAnaMtaraM tdspssttaavbhaasnprsNgaat| nApi paraMparayA liMgAdizrutajJAnapUrvakatvena tsyaannubhvaat| na cAtra yAdRzamakSAnapekSaM pAdapAdi sAkSAtkaraNapUrvakaM prarUpaNamaspaSTaM tAdRzamanubhUyate yena zrutajJAnaM tdnumnyemhi| zrutasya smRtyAdyapekSayA spsstttvaat| saMsthAnAdisAmAnyasya prtibhaasnaat| sannikRSTapAdapAdipratibhAsanApekSayA tu daviSThapAdapAdipratibhAsanamaspaSTamakSajamapIti yukto'nena vyabhicAraH prkRthetoH| aparaH praah| spaSTameva sarvavijJAnaM svaviSayenyasya tdvyvsthaapktvaayogaadkssprtibhaasnvt| tato nAspaSTo vyaMjanAvagraha iti naiva manyeta spaSTAspaSTAvabhAsayorabAdhitavapuSoH svayaM srvsyaanubhvaat| nanu cAspaSTatvaM yadi jJAnadharmastadA kathamarthasyAspaSTatvamanyasyAspaSTatvAdakSanyasyAspaSTatvetiprasaMgAditicet tarhi spaSTatvamapi yadi jJAnasya dharmastadA kathamarthasya spaSTatAtiprasaMgasya smaantvaat| viSaye viSayidharmasyopacArAdadoSa iti cet tata evAnyatrApi na tathA isameM jaise sAkSAt indriya vyApArapUrvaka spaSTa prarUpaNa hai vaisA vRkSAdi indriya anapekSa anubhava meM nahIM A rahe haiN| arthAt jaise vRkSa ko sAkSAt jAnakara pIche yaha Amra vRkSa hai, isa para rAtri meM pakSI rahate haiM ityAdi prakAra ke avizada vicAra jaise indriyoM kI apekSA se nahIM hote haiM, usI prakAra kA vicAra ekadama dUra se vRkSa ko dekhane para anubhava meM nahIM A rahA hai jisase ki hama usako zrutajJAna mAna leN| zrutajJAna yA smaraNajJAna Adi parokSa jJAnoM kI apekSA se to vaha dUravartI vRkSa kA jJAna spaSTa hai kyoMki, sAmAnyarUpa se sanniveza, U~cAI Adi kA to vizada pratibhAsa ho rahA hai, parantu zrutajJAna meM saMketasmaraNa Adi madhyavartI apekSaNIya pratItiyoM kA vyavadhAna par3a jAne se vizada pratibhAsa nahIM ho pAtA hai| adhika nikaTavartI vRkSa Adi ke pratibhAsa kI apekSA se to atizaya dUravartI vRkSa Adi ke pratibhAsa ko aspaSTapanA hai| vaha jJAna indriyoM se janya bhI hai| isa kAraNa prakaraNa prApta indriyajanya hetu kA isa dUravartI vRkSa ke aspaSTa jJAna se vyabhicAra doSa uThAnA yukta hI hai| koI dUsarA prativAdI kahatA hai ki sampUrNa vijJAna spaSTa hI hote haiM kyoMki apane-apane viSaya ko jAnane meM anya kisI ko bhI una jJAnoM kI vyavasthA karA dene kA yoga nahIM hai| jaise ki indriyajanya jJAnoM ko svayaM apane viSaya kA vyavasthApakapanA hone se spaSTapanA niyata hai ataH vyaMjanAvagraha matijJAna bhI avizada nahIM hai, spaSTa hI hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki bAdhA ko prApta nahIM hai zarIra (svarUpa) jisakA, aise spaSTa aura aspaSTa pratibhAsoM kA sampUrNa prANiyoM ko svayaM anubhava ho rahA hai| arthAt jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ke anusAra vyaMjanAvagraha, smaraNa, anumAna, Agama Adi jJAnoM ko anya pratItiyoM kA vyavadhAna par3a jAne ke kAraNa avizadapanA aura jJAnAvaraNa karma ke viziSTa kSayopazama aura kSaya ke kAraNa svasamvedana pratyakSa, indriyajanya pratyakSa, sarvajJapratyakSa, ina jJAnoM kA spaSTapanA svayaM anubhUta ho rahA hai| ___ prazna : vyaMjanAvagraha, smaraNa Adi jJAnoM ke avasara para mAnA gayA aspaSTapanA yadi jJAna kA dharma mAnA jAegA, taba to artha kA aspaSTapanA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? (arthAt-cetanajJAna kA aspaSTapanA jar3a artha meM to nahIM rakhA jA sakatA hai) yadi anya vastu ke aspaSTatva se dUsare padArtha kA aspaSTapanA mAnA jAegA to atiprasaMga doSa aayegaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 328 doSaH / yathaiva hi dUrAdaspaSTasvabhAvatvamarthasya sannikRSTaspaSTatApratibhAsena bAdhyate tathA sannihitArthasya spaSTatvamapi dUrAdaspaSTatA pratibhAsena nirAkri yata iti nArthaH svayaM kasyacitspaSTo'spaSTo vA svaviSayajJAnaspaSTatvAspaSTatvAbhyAmeva tasya tathA vyvsthaapnaat| nanvevaM jJAnasya kutaH spaSTatA? svajJAnatvAditi cenna, anavasthAnuSaMgAt / svata eveti cet sarvajJAnAnAM spaSTatvApattirityatra kshcidaacsstte| akSAtspaSTatA jJAnasyeti tadayuktaM, daviSThapAdapAdijJAnasya divA tAmasakhagakulavijJAnasya ca spsstttvprsNgaat| tadutpAdakamakSameva na bhavati daratamadivasakarapratApAbhyAmpahatatvAt marIcikAsu toyAkArajJAnotpAdakAkSavaditi cet tarhi tAbhyAmakSasya uttara : isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki spaSTapanA yadi jJAna kA dharma hai, taba artha kA spaSTapanA kaise kahA jA sakegA? tumhAre Upara bhI atiprasaMga doSa kI samAnatA hai| arthAt-jJAna ke spaSTapane se yadi artha kA spaSTapanA hone lage to nIma ke kaTupane se dezAntaravartI khAMDa meM bhI kaTutA A jaaegii| prazna : jJAna aura jJeya kA ghaniSTarUpa se viSayaviSayI bhAva sambandha ho jAne ke kAraNa viSaya-jJeya meM viSayI-jJAna ke spaSTapane kA upacAra kara liyA jAtA hai| ataH koI doSa nahIM hai| uttara : isa prakAra kahane para to hama syAdvAdavAdI bhI kaha sakate haiM ki aspaSTapane ke dUsare sthala para bhI viSayI ke dharma kA viSaya meM Aropa kara dene se koI doSa nahIM AtA hai| arthAt padArtha ke spaSTa na hone para jJAna ko aspaSTa kaha diyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra dUra se jAne gaye artha kA aspaSTa svabhAvapanA vahA~ jAte-jAte jJAtA ko artha ke atinikaTavartI ho jAne para spaSTa pratibhAsa ke dvArA bAdhita ho jAtA hai? usI prakAra sannikaTavartI artha kA jJAna dvArA AyA huA spaSTapanA bhI haTakara dUra se dekhane para artha ke aspaSTapanA pratibhAsa dvArA nirAkRta ho jAtA hai ataH siddha ho jAtA hai ki kisI bhI jIva ke dvArA jAnA gayA artha svayaM spaSTa athavA aspaSTa nahIM hai kintu apane ko viSaya karane vAle jJAna ke spaSTapana aura aspaSTapana ke dvArA hI usa artha kI spaSTatA aura aspaSTatA vyavasthita hai| arthAt spaSTa, aspaSTapanA to svakIya jJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama ke kAraNa se vastuta: vidyamAna hai| arthAt jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama ke anusAra spaSTatA aura aspaSTatA jJAna meM hI rahatI hai, padArtha meM nhiiN| zaMkA : isa prakAra jJAna ke bhI spaSTatA kaise prApta hotI hai? usa jJAna ke svasvarUpa ko jAnane vAle anya jJAna se prakRta jJAna meM spaSTatA kahanA to ucita nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt dUsare jJAna kA spaSTapanA usako jAnane vAle tIsare jJAna se aura tIsare jJAna kA spaSTapanA usako jAnane vAle cauthe jJAna se mAnanA pdd'egaa| yadi jJAna ko spaSTapanA svata: hI prApta ho jAtA hai, taba to sabhI vyaMjanAvagraha, smaraNa, anadhyavasAya Adi jJAnoM ko spaSTatA ko prApta ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra kisI ke kahane para usakA uttara dene ke lie bIca meM hI anadhikArI kahatA hai ki jJAna kI spaSTatA to indriyoM se A jAtI hai arthAt jo jJAna indriyoM se janya hai, ve spaSTa haiN| granthakAra kahate haiM ki yaha una naiyAyikoM kA kahanA yukti rahita hai, kyoMki yadi indriyoM se hI jJAna meM spaSTapanA Ane lage to adhika dUravartI vRkSa Adi ke jJAna ko tathA dina meM ullUka Adi pakSiyoM ke samudAya ko hone vAle jJAna ko bhI spaSTapane kA prasaMga aaegaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 329 svarUpamupahanyate zaktirvA / na tAvadAdyaH pakSaH tatsvarUpasyAvikalasyAnubhavAt / dvitIyapakSe tu yogytaasiddhistdvytirekennaakssshktervyvsthiteH| kSayopazamavizeSalakSaNAyAH yogyatAyA eva bhAveMdriyAkhyAyAH sviikrnnaarhtvaat|| jJAnasya spaSTatA '' lokanimittetyapi dUSitam / etena sthApitAtvIhA kSAyikaM ca vazaMkarI // 8 // saivAspaSTatvahetuH syAdvyaMjanAvagrahasya nH| gNdhaadidrvypryaaygraahinnopykssjnmnH||9|| yathA spaSTajJAnAvaraNavIryAMtarAyakSayopazamavizeSAdaspaSTatA vyavatiSThata iti nAnyo heturavyabhicArI tatra saMbhAvyate tatorthasyAvagrahAdiH spaSTo vyaMjanasyAspaSTo'vagraha eveti suuktm|| ___ una dUravartI vRkSa ke jJAna yA dina meM tAmasa pakSiyoM ke jJAnoM ko utpanna karAne vAlI indriyA~ hI nahIM hotI haiM kyoMki, adhika dUra deza se aura sUrya ke pratApa se ve iMdriyA~ naSTa ho cukI haiM, jaise ki camakate hue bAlU reta yA phUle hue kAMsa Adi mRgatRSNAoM meM jala kA vikalpa karane vAle jJAna kI utpAdaka indriyA~ naSTa ho jAtI haiN| isa para AcArya naiyAyikoM se pUchate haiM ki - una atizaya dUra deza athavA sUrya pratApa ke dvArA kyA indriyoM kA svarUpa hI pUrA naSTa kara diyA jAtA hai? athavA indriyoM kI abhyantara zakti naSTa kara dI jAtI hai? unameM pahilA pakSa to grahaNa karanA ucita nahIM hai. kyoMki una indriyoM ke avikala svarUpa kA anubhava ho rahA hai| arthAt indriyoM kA AkAra vaisA kA vaisA hI banA huA hai| dUsarA pakSa lene para to (prakRSTa dUra deza yA sUrya kiraNa-pratApa se cakSu kI zakti naSTa ho jAtI hai ) yogyatA kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| yogyatA se atirikta indriyoM ke zakti kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki bhAvendriya nAma se prasiddha jJAnAvaraNa karma ke vizeSa kSayopazamasvarUpa yogyatA hI ko indriyazaktipanA svIkAra karanA yogya hai| . jJAna kA spaSTapanA Aloka ke nimitta se hotA hai, isa prakAra vaizeSikoM kA kahanA bhI isa ukta kathana se dUSita kara diyA gayA hai| jaise artha ke spaSTa avagraha ko sthApana kiyA hai, usI prakAra IhA jJAna, avAya, dhAraNA bhI pratiSThita ho jAte haiN| matijJAna aura avadhi, mana:paryayajJAnoM meM apane kSayopazama ke anusAra jaise spaSTapanA niyamita hai, vaise hI kSAyika kevalajJAna meM karmoM ke kSayarUpa yogyatA ke kAraNa spaSTapanA vyavasthita hai| spaSTajJAna ko karAne vAlI yogyatA hI jJAna ke spaSTatva ko vaza kara rahI hai, prakaTa kara rahI hai|||8|| aspaSTa jJAna ko vaza karane vAlI vaha yogyatA hI jJAna ke aspaSTapana kA kAraNa hai| gaMdha, rasa, sparza inase yukta pudgala dravya athavA ina guNa yA dravyoM kI sugandha, uSNatA Adi paryAyoM athavA zabdasvarUpa paryAyoM ko grahaNa karane vAle tathA cAra indriyoM se utpanna vyaMjanAvagraha ko hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ aspaSTa mAnA gayA hai|||9|| jisa prakAra jJAnAvaraNa ke spaSTa kSayopazama se katipaya jJAnoM kA spaSTapanA vyavasthita hai, usI prakAra jJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya ke aspaSTakSayopazamavizeSa se kinhIM jJAnoM kA aspaSTapanA vyavasthita hai| isa prakAra jJAna ke spaSTapana aura aspaSTapana kI vyavasthA hai| isake atirikta anya koI hetu unakI vyavasthA karane meM vyabhicAradoSa rahita saMbhava nahIM hai ata: artha (vastu) ke bahu Adi dharmoM ke avagraha IhA Adi katipaya matijJAna spaSTa haiM aura avyakta artha kA kevala eka avagraha hI aspaSTa hotA hai| aisA kahanA bhI yukta hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 330 na cakSuranindriyAbhyAm // 19 // kimavagrahehAdInAM sarveSAM pratiSedhArthamidamAhosvidvyaMjanAvagrahasyaiveti zaMkAyAmidamAcaSTe;netyAdyAha niSedhArthamaniSTasya prasaMginaH / cakSurmanonimittasya vyaMjanAvagrahasya tat // 1 // vyaMjanAvagraho naiva cakSuSAniMdriyeNa ca / aprApyakAriNA tena spaSTAvagrahahetunA // 2 // prApyakArIMdriyaizcArthe prAptibhedAddhi kutracit / tadyogyatAM vizeSAM vA'spaSTAvagrahakAraNam // 3 // yathA navazarAvAdau dvivyaadyaastoyviNdvH| avyaktAmArdratAM kSiptAH kurvati prApyakAriNaH // 4 // ukta sUtrAnusAra sampUrNa indriyoM ke dvArA sAmAnyarUpa karake vyaMjanAvagraha ho jAne kA prasaMga prApta hone para jina indriyoM se vyaMjanAvagraha hone kI sarvathA asambhavatA hai, una do indriyoM dvArA vyaMjanAvagraha kA niSedha karane ke lie AcArya sUtra kahate haiM- cakSu indriya aura anindriya ke dvArA vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotA hai, zeSa cAra indriyoM se hI hotA hai, cakSu aura mana ke dvArA vyakta artha kA hI jJAna hotA hai, avyakta kA nahIM // 19 // avyakta artha ke avagraha, IhA Adika sabhI jJAnoM kA niSedha karane ke lie yaha sUtra kahA hai? athavA avyakta artha ke vyaMjanAvagraha ke hI niSedhArtha yaha sUtra kahA hai-aisI zaMkA hone para AcArya kahate haiM ki - pUrva meM kahe gaye "vyaMjanasyAvagrahaH" isa sUtrAnusAra cakSu aura mana ke nimitta se bhI vyaMjanAvagraha ho jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai, jo ki iSTa nahIM hai ataH prasaMga prApta usa aniSTa cakSu aura mana ke nimitta se hone vAle vyaMjanAvagraha kA niSedha karane ke lie "na cakSuranindriyAbhyAM" yaha sUtra kahA gayA hai| ataH spaSTa avagraha kA hetu jJeyaviSayoM ko prApta nahIM kara jJAna karAne vAle cakSu aura mana ke dvArA vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotA hai| arthAt spaSTa avagraha ke kAraNa una cakSu aura mana ke dvArA avyakta artha kA avagraha nahIM hotA hai| ata: avyakta artha ke IhA Adi jJAna cakSu aura mana tathA anya sparzana Adi indriyoM se nahIM hote haiN| pUrva sUtra meM avyakta artha kA vyaMjana avagraha honA hI batAyA gayA hai ataH avyakta viSaya meM chahoM indriyoM karake IhA, avAya Adi matijJAnoM kA niSedha ho jAtA hai| tathA vyakta artha meM hI smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, anumAna Adi jJAna utpanna hote haiN||1-2|| viSaya ko prApta hokara jJAna karAne vAlI indriyoM ke dvArA artha meM prApti ho jAne ke bheda se kahIMkahIM aspaSTa avagraha ke kAraNa usa yogyatA vizeSa ko prApta kara vyaMjanAvagraha hotA hai| arthAt spaSTa artha kA sparzanA yA sparza karake hI zrotra, tvak, rasanA, ghrANa indriyoM ke dvArA aspaSTa avagraha kI yogyatA prApta hone para vyaMjanAvagraha matijJAna hotA hai||3|| _ jisa prakAra miTTI ke naye sikorA Adi bartanoM meM pAnI kI do, tIna, cAra Adi bUMdeM prApyakArI hokara avyakta gIlepana ko karatI haiM, parantu lagAtAra jalabinduoM ke DAlate rahane para ve hI jalabindue~ usa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 331 pauna:punyena vikSiptA vyaktAM tAmeva kurvate / tatprAptibhedatastadvadiMdriyANyapyavagraham // 5 // aprAptikAriNI cakSurmanasI kurutaH punH| vyktaamrthpricchittimpraaptervishesstH||6|| yathAyaskAMtapASANa: zalyAkRSTiM svshktitH| karotyaprAptikArIti vyaktimeva zarIrataH // 7 // na hi yathA svArthayoH spRSTilakSaNAprAptiranyopacayaspRSTi tAratamyAdbhidyate tathA tayoraprAptirdezavyavadhAnalakSaNApi kaatnye'naaspRssttervishessaat| tadvyavadhAyakadezAspadAdaprAptirapi bhidyate eveti cet kimayaM paryudAsapratiSedhaH prasajyapratiSedho vA ? prathamapakSe'kSArthAprAptiranyA na vArthaH punarevaM "naJiva yuktamanyasadRzAdhikaraNe tathA hyarthagatiH" iti vacanAt sA ca nAvagrahAdeH kAraNamiti tadbhedepi kutastadbhedaH / vyakta ArdratA ko kara detI haiN| kyoMki vyakta, avyakta gIlA karane meM una jalabinduoM kI pAtra ke sAtha prApti viziSTa prakAra kI hai, usI prakAra prathama indriyoM ke dvArA avyakta avagraha hotA hai punaH tadanantara vyakta avagraha hotA hai // 4-5 // kintu phira aprApyakArI cakSu aura mana ye do indriyA~ vyakta arthajJapti ko karatI haiN| arthAt aprApyakArI hone se cakSu aura mana se vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki donoM indriyoM meM aprApti hone kA koI antara nahIM hai| jaise dUra se lohe ko khIMcane vAlA cumbaka patthara apanI zakti se hI suI, bANa Adi kA AkarSaNa kara letA hai| isa kAraNa vaha cumbaka pASANa AkarNya viSaya ke sAtha prApti nahIM karatA huA apanI zakti se hI kheMcanA rUpa kArya ko vyakta hI kara detA hai||6-7|| bhAvArtha - jaise cumbaka aprApya lohe ko khIMcatA hai| parantu ati dUravartI, atIta, anAgata aura vyavahita ko nahIM khIMcatA hai, usI prakAra aprApyakArI cakSu bhI aprApya ko grahaNa karake bhI atidUravartI, atIta, anAgata aura vyavahita ko grahaNa nahIM karatI hai| tathA eka cumbaka dUra se lohe ko khIMcatA hai aura dUsarA dUra se to khIMca nahIM sakatA hai, kintu lohe kA sparza ho jAne para usako khIMce rahatA hai| aisI hI dazA aprApyakArI aura prApyakArI indriyoM kI samajha lenaa| jaise sva yAnI indriyA~ aura artha kA sparza ho jAnA svarUpa prApti dUsare ke sAtha nyUna adhika, ekadeza sarvadeza Adi chUne ke tAratamya se bheda rUpa hotI haiM, usa prakAra una indriya aura viSayoM kI daizika vyavadhAna lakSaNa svarUpa aprApti bhinna-bhinna nahIM hotI hai kyoMki apane pUrNa svarUpa se dUradezavartI viSaya ke sAtha asparza hone kA koI antara nahIM hai arthAt-prApyakArI cAra indriyoM kI viSaya ke sAtha bhAvarUpa prApti kA to bheda ho sakatA hai, kintu aprApyakArI do indriyoM kI viSayoM ke sAtha abhAvasvarUpa aprApti pRthakpRthak nahIM hai| una donoM ke madhya meM antarAla karAne vAle dezoM kA AdhAna ho jAne se aprApti bhI to bhinna-bhinna ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra kisI ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaha aprApti zabda meM par3A huA yaha "naJ' kyA uttarapada ke pUrva meM milarahA aura tadbhinna tatsadRza ko grahaNa karane vAlA paryudAsa niSedha hai? athavA kriyA ke sAtha anvita hokara sarvathA niSedha karane vAlA prasajya abhAva hai? prathama pakSa grahaNa karane para to indriya
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 332 dvitIyapakSe tu prApterabhAvo'prAptiH sA ca na bhidyate' bhAvasya svayaM srvtraabhedaat| kathamavagrahAdyutpattau sA kAraNamiti cet tasyAM tatprAdurbhAvAnubhavAt nimittamAtratvopapatteH prAptivat pradhAnaM tu kAraNaM svAvaraNakSayopazama eveti na kiMcana viruddhmutpshyaamH| atra parasya cakSuSi prApyakAritvasAdhanamanUdya dUSayannAha;cakSuH prAptaparicchedakAraNaM bahirindriyAt / sparzanAdivadityeke tanna pakSasya bAdhanAt // 8 // aura artha kI aprApti to pRthak ho jAegI parantu phira artha to isa prakAra alaga-alaga nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki paribhASA kA aisA vacana prasiddha hai ki "paryudAsapakSa meM naJ kA artha ivakAra yukta hai| isa prakAra niyama se anya sadRza adhikaraNa meM artha kI jJapti ho jAtI hai| "bhUtale ghaTAbhAvaH" yahA~ ghaTAbhAva kA artha ghaTa se rahita hai kintu vaha aprApti to cakSu, mana dvArA hue avagraha, IhA Adi jJAnoM kA kAraNa nahIM hai ataH deza bheda se aprApti kA bheda hone para bhI una avagraha Adi jJAnoM meM bheda kaise ho sakatA hai? arthAt nhiiN| bhAvArtha : isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki prApti kA bheda ho jAne se sparzana yA zrotrajanya vyaMjanAvagrahoM meM to kucha antara hai kintu cakSu, mana se utpanna arthAvagrahoM meM ekasI aprApti hone ke kAraNa antara nahIM hai| dvitIya "prasajyapakSa" kA Azraya lene para to prApti kA abhAva aprApti hai, kintu vaha aprApti to svayaM bhinna nahIM hai| abhAva padArtha to svayaM sarvatra bheda nahIM rakhatA huA ekasA rahatA hai ataH aprApyakArI indriyoM ke dvArA avagraha ekasA hotA hai| zaMkA : prasajyarUpa aprApti ko avagraha Adi jJAnoM kI utpatti meM kAraNa kaise kaha dete ho? samAdhAna : una cakSu aura mana ke aprApti hone para una avagraha AdikoM kI utpatti hone kA anubhava hotA hai ata: sAmAnya rUpa se kevala aprApti ko nimittapanA bana jAtA hai jaise ki prApyakArI cAra indriyoM dvArA avagraha Adi utpanna hone meM prApti ko sAmAnya nimittapanA bana jAtA hai, kyoMki avagraha Adi jJAnoM kI utpatti meM pradhAnakAraNa to apane-apane AvaraNa karmoM kA kSayopazama hI hai| isa prakAra ke siddhAnta meM koI viruddha doSa nahIM dIkhatA hai arthAt puNya aura pApa yA cumbaka jaise padArtha ko nahIM prApta kara hI khIMca lete haiM, usI prakAra cakSu aura mana indriyA~ aprApta artha ko viSaya kara letI haiM, isameM koI doSa nahIM hai| ___ isa prakaraNa meM dUsare vidvAnoM ke cakSu meM prApyakArIpana ke sAdhana ko anuvAda kara dUSita karate hue AcArya spaSTa vivecana karate haiM - vaizeSika : cakSu apane sAtha sambandha ko prApta artha kI paricchitti kA kAraNa hai, bAhya indriya hone se sparzana, rasanA Adi indriyoM ke samAna / jainAcArya - parantu ApakA yaha mantavya ThIka nahIM hai, pakSa kA bAdhaka hone se| bhAvArtha : bahirindriyatva hetu kAlAtyayApadiSTa hai| arthAt - sabhI A~khoM vAle jIva dUravartI padArtha ko hI dekhate haiN| pratyut A~kha ke sAtha sambandha ko prApta huA padArtha to dIkhatA bhI nahIM hai||8|| padArthoM kI aprApti kara jAnane vAle dekhane vAle kRSNa tArAmaNDala golaka Adi svarUpa bAhya kA prApta honA pratyakSa pramANa se bAdhita hai| arthAt bahiraMga cakSu jaba cakSupada se lie jAyeMge taba to artha kI aprApti kara jAnane
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 333 bAhyaM cakSuryadAM tAvat kRSNatArAdi dRzyatAm / prAptaM pratyakSato bAdhAt tasyArthAprAptivedinaH // 9 // zaktirUpamadRzyaM cedanumAnena baadhnm| Agamena sunirNItAsaMbhavadbAdhakena ca // 10 // vyaktirUpasya cakSuSaH prApyakAritve sAdhye pratyakSeNa bAdhyate pkssonussnnognirityaadivt| pratyakSataH saadhyvipryysiddheH| zaktirUpasya tasya tathAtvasAdhanenumAnena bAdhyate tata eva sunirNItAsaMbhavadbAdhakenAgamena c| kiM tadanumAnaM pakSasya bAdhakamityAha;tatrAprAptiparicchedi cakSuH spRssttaanvgrhaat| anyathA tadasaMbhUtenA'NAderiva sarvathA // 11 // vAlI usa cakSu kI pratyakSa se hI bAdhA upasthita hotI hai kyoMki bAhya dIkhane vAlI cakSu dUra se hI jAnatI hai, padArtha kA sparza karake nahIM; sparza karake jAnanA-yaha pratyakSa bAdhita hai tathA, dIkhane meM nahIM Ane vAlI koI zaktirUpa cakSu to anumAna pramANa se bAdhita hai| bAdhaka pramANoM kA asaMbhava honApana jisakA nirNIta hai, aise Agama pramANa dvArA bhI prApyakArI sAdhane vAlA anumAna bAdhita hai||9-10|| . laukika janoM meM prasiddha golakasvarUpa vyaktirUpa cakSu kA prApyakArIpanA sAdhya karane para to pratijJAsvarUpa pakSa pratyakSapramANa karake hI bAdhita ho jAtA hai, jaise ki agni ThaNDI hai, yaha pakSa sparzanapratyakSa karake bAdhita hai kyoMki, zIta sAdhya se viparIta uSNapanA agni meM pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA siddha hai, usI prakAra prasiddha dRzyamAna golakarUpa cakSu kA prApyakArIpana sAdhya se viparIta aprApyakArIpanA cAkSuSapratyakSa yA spArzana pratyakSa se siddha hai| yadi naiyAyika usa zaktirUpa cakSu kA usa prakAra prApyakArIpanA siddha kareMge, arthAt golakacakSu ke kRSNa tArA ke agrabhAga meM sthita cakSu kI zakti viSaya ko prApta kara jJAna karAtI hai - aisA mAneMge taba unakA pakSa anumAna pramANa se bAdhita hotA hai| (isI se hI, sAdhya se viparIta aprApyakArIpana kI siddhi ho jAne se) vaizeSikoM kA anumAna sadoSa hotA hai tathA jisake bAdhaka pramANoM kA asambhava honA nirNIta hai, usa Agama se bhI naiyAyikoM kA pakSa bAdhita hai "apuDhe puNa passade rUvaM" chue binA hI cakSu dvArA rUpa yA rUpavAn padArtha dekha liyA jAtA hai, ityAdi Agama prasiddha hai| pakSa kA bAdhaka vaha anumAna kaunasA hai? isa prakAra vaizeSikoM kI jijJAsA para AcArya kahate haiMcakSu, jisa padArtha ke sAtha cakSu kI prApti nahIM hai, usa aprApta artha kI jJapti karAne vAlI hai| sarvathA sparza kiye gaye aMjana, palaka Adi kA avagrahajJAna karAne vAlI nahIM hone se| anyathA (aprApya artha ke paricchedI ko mAne binA) cakSu ko vaha spRSTa padArtha kA avagraha nahIM honA sarvathA asambhava hai| arthAt-cakSu indriya sparza karake avagraha nahIM kara sktii| yadi sparza karake avagraha nahIM hai arthAt jo indriyA~ prApta artha kI jJapti karAtI haiM, ve chuye hue artha kA avagraha avazya karAtI haiN||11|| parantu cakSu chUe padArtha kA avagraha nahIM karAtI hai| . sAdhya ke abhAva meM nahIM honA vyatireka vyApti hai| usa kevala vyatireka vyApti vAle hetu se utpanna vaizeSikoM kA anumAna tathA syAdvAdI siddhAnta meM anyathAnupapatti nAmaka eka lakSaNa vAle hetu ke yoga se
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*334 kevalavyatirekAnumAnamanyathAnupapattyekalakSaNayogAdupapannaM pakSasya bAdhakamiti bhaavH| atra hetorasiddhatAmAzaMkya pariharannAha;cakSuSA zaktirUpeNa taarkaagtmNjnN| na spRSTamiti taddhetorasiddhatvamihocyate // 12 // zaktiH zaktimatonyatra tiSThatArthena yujyte| tatrasthena tu naiveti konyo brUyAjaDAtmanaH // 13 // ___ vyaktirUpAccakSuSaH zaktimatonyatra dUrAdideze tiSThatArthena ghaTAdinA zaktIMdriyaM yujyate na punarvyaktinayanasthenAMjanAdineti konyo jaDAtmavAdino bruuyaat| dUrAdidezasthenArthena vyakticakSuSaH saMbaMdhapUrvaka cakSuH saMbadhyate tadvedanasyAnyathAnupapatteriticet syAdetadevaM yadyasaMbaMdhena tatra vedanamupajanayituM netreNa na zakyeta siddha anumAna ke dvArA usa cakSu ke prApyakArIpana ko sAdhane vAle pakSa kA bAdhaka ho jAtA hai, arthAt cakSu kA prApyakArIpanA anumAna bAdhita hai yaha tAtparya hai| ___ isa kevala vyatirekI anumAna meM diye gae hetu ke asiddhapana kI AzaMkA kara puna: usakA parihAra karate hue AcArya kahate haiM - ____ yadi vaizeSika kahe ki zaktisvarUpa cakSu ke dvArA A~kha ke tArAoM meM lagA huA aMjana chuA nahIM gayA hai ata: usa spRSTa anavagraha hetu kA asiddhapanA yahA~ kahA jAtA hai| to isake uttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki zaktimAna kI zakti anya deza meM sthita artha ke sAtha to saMyuktaho jAe parantu usI zaktimAna ke deza meM sthita padArtha ke sAtha saMyukta nahIM hove, isa bAta ko jar3a AtmA ko mAnane vAle naiyAyika yA vaizeSika ke atirikta dUsarA kauna vidvAn kaha sakatA hai? arthAt koI nhiiN| zaktimAn cakSu to uttamAMga meM hai aura usakI zaktiyA~ dUravartI parvata Adi padArthoM kesAtha jur3a jAtI haiM, kyA ve zaktiyA~ bhI kahIM apane zaktimAna artha ko chor3akara dUradeza meM Thahara sakatI haiM? zaktiyA~ sazakta meM hI rahatI haiN| ___ ve apane zaktimAn Azraya ko chor3akara anyatra nahIM jA sakatI haiN| ata: dUra deza meM par3e hue padArtha ke sAtha to cakSu kI zakti cipaTa jAya, kintu cakSu ke atinikaTa spRSTa aMjana se na cipaTe, aisI bAtoM ko jJAnI to nahIM kaha sakate haiM // 12-13 // ___zakti ko dhArane vAle vyaktirUpa cakSu se anya sthala para dUra, atidUra Adi dezoM meM sthita ghaTa, Adi padArthoM ke sAtha to zaktirUpa cakSu indriya saMyukta ho jAtI hai, kiMtu phira cakSu meM sthita aMjana, Adi ke sAtha saMyukta nahIM hotI hai, isa siddhAnta ko jar3aAtmavAdI ke sivAya aura kauna dUsarA vijJa kaha sakegA? arthAt caitanyasvarUpa AtmA ko kahane vAlA vidvAn aisI bAtoM ko nahIM kaha sakatA hai ata: hamArA spRSTa artha kA aprakAzakapana hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa nahIM hai| ___ atidUra, vyavahita Adi dezoM meM sthita artha ke sAtha vyaktirUpa taijasa cakSu kA pahale sambandha hokara zaktirUpa cakSu una dUradezI padArthoM ke sAtha sambandha kara letI hai kyoMki una dUradezI padArthoM kA jJAna anyathA (cakSu kA sambandha hue binA) siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai, isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kA kahanA to taba ho sakatA thA ki yadi sambandha nahIM karake una dUradezavartI padArthoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 335 manovat / na hi prAptireva tasya viSayajJAnajanananimittamaMjanAdeH prAptasyApravedanAt / yogyatAyAstatrA bhAvAttadapravedanamiti cet saivAstu kiM praaptinirbdhen| yogyatAyAM hi satyAM kiMcidakSaM prAptamarthaM paricchinatti kiMcidaprAptamiti yathApratItamabhyupagaMtavyaM / na hi prAptyabhAve'rthaparicchedanayogyatAkSasya na saMbhavati mnovdvirodhaabhaavaat| yena pratItyatikramaH kriyate tato na svarUpAsiddho hetuH / ___ pakSAvyApakopi na bhavatItyAha;pakSAvyApakatA hetormanasyaprApyakAriNi / virahAditi maMtavyaM naasyaapksstvyogytH||14|| meM jJAna ko utpanna karAne ke lie mana ke samAna cakSu dvArA sAmarthya nahIM hotA kintu viSaya ke sAtha sambandha nahIM karake bhI cakSuindriya mana ke samAna jJAna utpanna karane meM nimitta ho sakatI hai| usa cakSu kI viSaya ke sAtha prApti ho jAnA hI koI viSayajJAna ko utpanna karane kA nimitta nahIM hai, kyoMki A~kha ke sAtha sarvathA saMyukta aMjana, Adi kA vedana nahIM hotA hai| yadi vaizeSika kaheM ki usa aMjana Adi meM cAkSuSa pratyakSa ho jAne kI yogyatA nahIM hai, ata: unakA vedana nahIM ho pAtA hai to usa para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaha yogyatA hI cAkSuSapratyakSa kA nimitta ho jaayegii| vyartha hI cakSu ke sAtha viSaya kI prApti kA Agraha karane se kyA lAbha hai? svakIya svAvaraNa kSayopazamarUpa yogyatA ke hone para hI koI sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, zrotra-indriyA~ to prApta artha kI paricchitti karatI haiM aura yogyatA hone para koI mana aura cakSu indriyA~ aprApta artha ko jAna letI haiN| isa prakAra pramANasiddha pratIta padArtha kA atikramaNa nahIM karake svIkAra kara lenA caahie| cakSu, sparzana Adi indriyoM kI viSaya ke sAtha prApti nahIM mAnane para arthajJapti karAne kI yogyatA hI indriyoM ke saMbhava nahIM hai - yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie kyoMki mana indriya ke samAna cakSu indriya kI bhI viSaya ke sAtha prApti nahIM hone para arthagrahaNa yogyatA ho jAne kA koI virodha nahIM hai, jisase ki pratItiyo kA atikramaNa kiyA jAe / pratyuta prApti ke binA bhI mana aura cakSuyeM artha ko vyakta jAnate haiN| arthAt bAlaka, vRddha, pazu, pakSiyoM taka ko cakSu ke aprApyakArIpana kI pratIti hotI hai ata: cakSu meM aprApyakArIpana siddha karane ke lie diyA gayA spRSTa-anavagraha hetu svarUpAsiddha hetvAbhAsa nahIM hai| yaha spRSTAnavagraha hetu apane pakSa meM avyApaka bhI nahIM hai (arthAt pakSa ke pUre bhAgoM meM vyApa jAtA haiN| jo hetu pUre pakSa meM nahIM vyApatA hai, usako bhAgAsiddha hetvAbhAsa kahate haiN|) yaha bhAgAsiddha hetvAbhAsa nahIM hai, usI ko kahate haiN| aprApyakArI mana meM spaSTa artha kA prakAzana nahIM karanA rUpa hetu kI pakSa meM avyApakatA hai| arthAt cakSu ke samAna mana indriya bhI to aprApyakArI hai ata: atinikaTa padArtha kA avagraha nahIM karanA yaha hetu mana meM nahIM rahatA hai ata: mana indriya meM hetu kA viraha hone se spRSTa artha aprakAzakapanA hetu bhAgAsiddha hai, pUre pakSa meM vyApaka nahIM hai, aisA nahIM mAnanA cAhie kyoMki isa mana ko yahA~ anumAna meM pakSapane kI yogyatA nahIM mAnI gaI hai| arthAt akelA cakSu hI pakSa hai isameM spRSTAnavagraha hetu vyApaka hai| arthAt mana
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*336 cakSureva hyatrapakSIkRtaM na punarmanastasyAprApyakAritvena prasiddhatvAt svayamaprasiddhasya sAdhyatvena vyvsthaapnaat| na cedamaprasiddhamityAha;manaso'prApyakAritvaM nAprasiddhaM pravAdinAm / kvAnyathAtItadUrAdipadArthagrahaNaM ttH||15|| na hyatItAdayo dUrasthArthA manasA prApyakAriNA viSayIkartuM zakyA iti sarvaiH pravAdibhiraprApyakAri tadaMgIkartavyamanyathAtItadUrAdivastuparicchitteranupapatteH / tato na pakSAvyApako hetuH spRSTAnavagrahAditi pakSIkRte cakSuSi bhaavaat| nApyanaikAMtiko viruddho vA prApyakAriNi vipakSe sparzanAdAvasaMbhavAdityato hetorbhavatyeva sAdhyasiddhiH / / itazca bhavatItyAha; kA aprApyakArIpanA anya hetu se siddha kiyA gayA hai jaise zarIra ke sampUrNa pradezoM meM sukha, duHkha Adi kA avagraha karAne vAlA hone se athavA bhUta, bhaviSya yA dUravartI padArthoM kA vicAra karane vAlA hone se mana aprApyakArI hai||14|| isa prakaraNagata anumAna meM akelA cakSu hI pakSa hai, kintu mana ko pakSa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki mana kI sabhI ke yahA~ aprApyakArIpana se prasiddhi hai| arthAt naiyAyika, vaizeSikoM ne bhI mana ko prathama se hI aprApyakArI svIkRta kiyA hai| svayaM aprasiddha ko hI sAdhyarUpa se vyavasthApita kiyA gayA hai| .. mana kA aprApyakAritva aprasiddha nahIM hai arthAt prasiddha hI hai| isa bAta ko AcArya kahate haiM naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi pravAdiyoM ke yahA~ mana, indriya kA aprApyakArIpanA aprasiddha nahIM hai| anyathA (mana ko aprApyakArIpana mAne binA) usa mana se atIta kAla ke yA dUra dezavartI padArthoM kA grahaNa kaise ho sakegA? arthAt-mana ko aprApyakArI mAnane para hI bhUta, bhaviSya, dUra, atidUravartI padArthoM kA jJAna ho sakegA, ataH mana aprApyakArI siddha hai||15|| atIta Adi kAloM meM rahane vAle athavA dUra deza meM sthita artha mana ko prApyakArI mAnane para usa prApyakArI mana ke dvArA viSaya nahIM kiye jA sakate haiN| arthAt-jaba ve padArtha vartamAna kAla, deza meM vidyamAna hI nahIM haiM, to unake sAtha mana kA sambandha kathamapi nahIM ho sakatA hai ata: sabhI pravAdiyoM ke dvArA vaha mana indriya aprApyakArI hai aisA aMgIkAra karanA caahie| anyathA (mana ko aprApyakArI mAne binA) mana ke dvArA atIta-kAlIna tathA dUradeza Adi meM rahane vAle padArthoM kI paricchitti honA nahIM bana sktii| ataH "spRSTAnavagrahAt" yaha hetu pakSAvyApaka nahIM hai kyoMki yaha hetu pakSIkRta cakSu meM pUrNarUpa se vidyamAna hai| yaha spRSTAnavagraha hetu anaikAntika athavA viruddhahetvAbhAsa bhI nahIM hai kyoMki, yaha hetu sparzana, rasanA indriya Adi vipakSa meM saMbhava nahIM hai| isalie isa spRSTAnavagraha nirdoSa hetu se aprApta artha ke pariccheditva sAdhya kI siddhi ho hI jAtI hai| dUsare, isa hetu se bhI aprApyakArIpana sAdhya kI cakSu meM siddhi hojAtI hai| isa bAta ko AcArya kahate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 337 kAcAdyaMtaritArthAnAM grhaaccaapraaptkaaritaa| cakSuSaH prApyakAritve manasaH sparzanAdivat // 16 // nanu ca yadyaMtaritArthagrahaNaM svabhAvakAlAMtaritArthagrahaNamiSyate tadA na siddhaM sAdhanaM cakSuSi tdbhaavaat| dezAMtaritArthagrahaNaM cettadeva sAdhyaM sAdhanaM cetyAyAtaM / dezAMtaritArthagrAhitvameva hyaprApyakAritvamiti kazcit , tdst| cakSuSoprAptamarthaM paricchettuM zakteH sAdhyatvAttatrAprasiddhatvAdaprAptakAraNazaktitvasyAprApyakAritvasyeSTatvAt / sAdhanasya punaraMtaritArthagrahaNasya svsNvednprtyksssiddhsyaabhidhaanaat| nanu ca kAcAdyaMtaritArthasya prAptasyaiva cakSuSA paricchedAdasiddho heturityAzaMkAM pariharannAha;vibhajya sphaTikAdIMzcetkathaMciccakSuraMzavaH / prApnuvaMstUlarAzyAdInnazvarAnneti cAdbhutam // 17 // kAca, abhraka Adi se vyavahita ho rahe padArthoM kA grahaNa karane vAlI hone se cakSu ke aprApyakArIpanA hai, jaise ki sparzana, rasanA Adi indriyoM ke samAna cakSu ko bhI prApyakArI mAnane para cakSu ke dvArA kAca Adi se vyavahita padArtha kA grahaNa nahIM ho skegaa| arthAt-sparzana, rasanA indriyoM ke dvArA kAca Adi se vyavahita padArthoM kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai, parantu cakSu ke dvArA to hotA hai, ataH cakSu aprApyakArI hai||16|| - zaMkA : yadi antarita artha kA grahaNa karanA hai to svabhAvavyavahita kAlavyavahita padArthoM kA grahaNa karanA jainoM dvArA iSTa kiyA gayA hai, taba to hetu siddha nahIM hai arthAt-asiddha hetvAbhAsa hai kyoMki, cakSu rUpa pakSa meM vaha svabhAvavyavahita, kAlavyavahita artha kA grahaNa karanA hetu nahIM hai| yadi antaritArtha grahaNa kA artha dezavyavahita artha kA grahaNa karanA mAnA jAyegA taba to vahI sAdhya aura vahI sAdhana ho jAtA hai kyoMki dezAMtarita artha kA grAhakapanA (hetu) hI to niyama se aprApyakArIpanA hai| dUravartI padArthoM ko nahIM saMbaddha kara jAna lenA sAdhya hI to dezAntarita artha kA grAhakapanA hai| aisA koI kahatA hai| samAdhAna : uparyukta kahanA satyArtha nahIM hai, kyoMki asaMbaddha artha ko jAnane ke lie cakSu kI zakti hai| arthAt cakSu aprApta artha ko jAnane meM samartha hai, prApya ko nahIM ata: sAdhya kA artha yahI hai| - aprApta artha kA jJAna karA dene kI kAraNazakti se sahitapane ko hI aprApyakArIpanA iSTa kiyA hai ataH zakya, aprasiddha aura iSTa aisA sAdhya aprApyakArIpana hai| tathA phira svasamvedana pratyakSa dvArA prasiddha ho rahe antaritArtha grahaNa ko hetu svarUpa kA kathana kiyA hai| dezAntaravartI padArtha kA cakSu dvArA grahaNa sabako svasaMvedana se siddha hai ata: yaha donoM prativAdiyoM ke yahA~ prasiddha hetu hai| zaMkA : kAca, abhraka Adi se dezavyavahita padArthoM ke sAtha cakSu kA sambandha ho jAne para hI unakA cakSu dvArA pariccheda hotA hai ataH cakSu ko aprApyakAritva siddha karane meM diyA gayA kAcAdyaMtarita arthagrahaNa hetu pakSa meM nahIM rahane ke kAraNa asiddha hetvAbhAsa hai| isa AzaMkA kA parihAra karate hue zrI vidyAnanda AcArya kahate haiM - yadi sphaTika Adi kaThora padArthoM ko kathaMcit tor3a-phor3a kara cakSu kI kiraNeM bhItara artha ke sAtha prApta ho jAtI haiM, aura nAzazIla ati komala ruI kI rAzi, Adi ko bhedakara bhItara ghusa kara unase vyavahita manuSya Adi kA cAkSuSa pratyakSa nahIM karAtI hai, yaha bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai||17||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika* 338 niSThurasthirasvabhAvAn sphaTikAdIn vibhajya nayanarazmayaH prakAzayaMti / na punarmudunAzisvabhAvAMstUlarAzyAdIniti kimatyadbhutamAzritya hetorasiddhatAmudbhAvayataH kathaM svasthAH? // sAmarthyaM pAradIyasya ythaa''ysyaanubhedne| nAlAMbUbhAjanodbhede manAgapi samIkSyate // 18 // kAcAdibhedane zaktistathA nynrocissaaN| saMbhAvyA tUlarAzyAdibhidAyAM neti kecana // 19 // tadaprAtItikaM soyaM kAcAdiriti nishcyaat| vinAzavyavahArasya tatrAbhAvAcca kasyacit // 20 // bhAvArtha : jo sphaTika lohe kI chainI se bhI nahIM kaTatA hai, usako yadi cakSu kI taijasa kiraNe tor3a-phor3a kara bhItara ghusa jAtI haiM, to komala ruI Adi meM to sulabhatA se ghusakara unake nIce rakhe hue padArtha kA pratyakSa kara lenA cAhie isameM kaunasI bAdhA hai? atIva kaThina tathA sthira svabhAva vAle sphaTika Adi padArthoM ko cIrakara unase vyavahita padArthoM ke sAtha bhItara saMyukta hokara cakSu kI kiraNeM unheM prakAzita kara detI haiN| kintu phira adhika mRdu aura alpakAla meM nAza svabhAva vAle ruI piNDa Adi padArthoM ko bhedakara inase vyavahita padArthoM ko athavA ruI Adi ke moTe madhya bhAga yA talabhAga ko prakAzita nahIM karatI haiM yaha siddhAnta to AzcaryakArI hai| isa prakAra hamAre kAcAdyaMtarita arthagrahaNa hetu kI asiddhatA kA udbhAvana karane vAle vidvAn AtmasvabhAva meM sthita kaise kahe jA sakate haiM? jisa prakAra lohe ke bane hue padArthoM ko bhedane meM pAre se bane hue padArtha kA sAmarthya dekhA jAtA hai, kintu tUmbIpAtra ko bhedane meM pAre kI banI huI rasAyana kA sAmarthya kiMcit bhI nahIM dekhA jAtA hai| usI prakAra nayanakiraNoM kI zakti kAca, abhraka Adi kA bheda karane meM paryApta hai, kintu kapAsapiNDa Adi ko bhedane meM cakSukiraNoM kA sAmarthya saMbhava nahIM hai| isa prakAra kisI ke kahane para AcArya kahate haiM ki unakA yaha kahanA pratItiyoM dvArA siddha nahIM hai kyoMki ye ve hI kAca, sphaTika Adi haiM - isa prakAra pratyabhijJAna dvArA nizcaya ho rahA hai| unameM kisI bhI jIva ko vinaSTapane kA vyavahAra nahIM hotA hai| cakSu kI razmiyA~ yadi kAca Adi ko bheda detIM to ve avazya TUTa-phUTa kara naSTa ho jaate| kintu kAca Adi ko dekhane vAle jIva "yaha vahI kAca hai, jisako maiM eka ghar3I pahile se barAbara dekha rahA hU~" aisA ekatva pratyabhijJAna jagat prasiddha hai ataH cakSu kiraNoM kA kAca Adi meM praveza kaise bhI saMbhava nahIM hai||18-19-20|| usa kAca, sphaTika Adi kA nAza hokara samAna racanA vAle unakI punaH zIghra utpatti ho jAtI hai| isalie sthUla dRSTi vAlA manuSya usake nAza ko nahIM jAnakara vaisA hI mAna letA hai, jaise ki kATa diye gaye aura phira naye utpanna hue keza, nakha Adi kA ye ve hI haiM, aisA pratyabhijJAna kara letA hai| arthAtsphaTika, kAca, bAra-bAra TUTa-phUTa kara zIghra navIna bana jAtA hai, parantu manda buddhi usako nahIM jAna sktaa| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra mAnane para to kahIM bhI padArtha meM "yaha nahIM hai," aisA pratyabhijJAna usake ekatva kA sAdhaka siddha nahIM ho sakegA aura aisI dazA meM sampUrNa jagat kSaNadhvaMsI hai, aisA bauddha siddhAnta
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArbika * 339 samAnasannivezasya tsyotptternaashitaa| jano manyeta ninakezAderveti cenmatam // 21 // na kvacitpratyabhijJAnamekatvasya prsaadhkN| siddhyediti kSaNadhvaMsi jagadApAtamaMjasA // 22 // AtmAdyekatvasiddhizcetpratyabhijJAnato dRDhAt / dAyAttatra kuto bAdhAbhAvAccetprakRte samaM // 23 // na hi sphaTikAdau pratyabhijJAnasyaikatvaparAmarzinaH kiMcidbAdhakamasti purussaadivt| tadbhedanAbhyupagame tu bAdhakamastItyAha;kAcAdyaMtaritAnarthAn pazyatazca nirNtrN| tatra bhedasya niSThAnAnnAbhinnasya karagrahaH // 24 // satataM pazyato hi kAcazilAdInnayanarazmayo niraMtaraM bhidaMtIti pratiSThAyAM kathamabhinnasvabhAvAnAM tathA tasya hastena grahaNaM taccedasti tadbhedAbhyupagamaM bAdhiSyata iti kiM nshciNtyaa|| siddha ho jaaegaa| tathA AtmA Adi bhI kSaNika ho jaaeNge| "yaha vahI AtmA hai"-isa ekatva pratyabhijJAna ko AbhAsa mAnakara sphaTika ke samAna sadRza sanniveza vAle dUsare AtmA kI zIghra utpatti mAnakara AtmA meM kSaNikatva mAna liyA jaaegaa| yadi vaizeSika kaheM ki ekatva ko sAdhane vAle dRr3ha pratyabhijJAna se AtmA, AkAza Adi ke ekatva kI siddhi kara leMge, taba to usa ekatva sAdhaka pratyabhijJAna meM dRr3hatA kisase AegI? yadi bAdhA rahita hone se pratyabhijJAna kI dRr3hatA mAnI jAegI, taba to AtmA ke ekapana ko sAdhane vAle pratyabhijJAna ke samAna prakaraNa prApta sphaTika ke ekapana ko sAdhane vAle pratyabhijJAna meM bhI vaisI hI dRr3hatA vidyamAna hai arthAt sphaTika TUTA-phUTA nahIM hai vaha kA vahI hai, yaha nirbAdha pratIti hai| ataH isako bhI svIkAra karanA cAhie // 21-22-23 // sphaTika, kAca Adi viSayoM meM ekatva ko siddha karane vAle pratyabhijJAna pramANa kA bAdhaka koI pramANa nahIM hai, jaise ki AtmA, AkAza Adi ke ekatva pratyabhijJAna kA koI bAdhaka nahIM hai| . pratyuta vaizeSikoM ke anusAra una sphaTika, abhraka Adi kA chedana, bhedana svIkAra karane meM bAdhaka pramANa mila jAtA hai| isI bAta ko AcArya kahate haiM - - tathA aisA mAnane para kAca, sphaTika Adi se vyavahita arthoM ko niraMtara dekhane vAle puruSa ko usI abhinna kAca Adi kA hAtha se grahaNa nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki vaizeSika matAnusAra nayanarazmiyoM ke dvArA una kAca Adi kA phUTa jAnA siddha ho cukA hai| jo padArtha TUTa-phUTa cukA hai, usI padArtha kA phira hAtha dvArA pakar3anA nahIM ho sakatA hai||24|| - satata kAca, zilA, sphaTika, mAlA Adi ko dekhane vAle puruSa kI cakSurazmiyA~ nirantara unako tor3atI-phor3atI rahatI haiN| isa prakAra vaizeSika mantavyAnusAra siddha ho jAne para yaha batAo ki unhIM abhinna svabhAva vAle kAcazilA Adi padArthoM kA usI prakAra usa dekhane vAle ke hAtha se grahaNa kaise ho jAtA hai? arthAt jaise mudgara, moMgarA se ghar3e ke cakanAcUra ho jAne para usI paripUrNa ghar3e kA phira hAtha se pakar3anA nahIM hotA hai,isI prakAra cakSu kiraNoM dvArA sphaTika kA chedana bhedana ho jAne para punaH unhIM sphaTika, kAca Adi kA grahaNa nahIM ho sakegA, kintu unhIM sphaTika Adi kA vaha grahaNa hotA huA dekhA jAtA hai| vaha
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 340 vinAzAnaMtarotpattau punarnAze punrbhvet| kuto niraMtaraM tena chAditArthasya darzanam // 25 // sparzanena ca nirbhedazarIrasya mahoMginAm / sAMtareNAnubhUyete tasya sparzanadarzane // 26 // ___ sphaTikAderAzUtpAdavinAzAbhyAmabhedagrahaNaM niraMtaraM pazyataH saMtataM na tadbhedAbhyupagamasya bAdhaka mityayuktamAzveva darzanAdarzanayostatra prasaMgAt / sparzanAsparzanayozca / na ca tatra tadA kasyacidupayuktasyAsadarzanAsparzanAbhyAM vyavahite darzanasparzane samanubhUyete / tadvinAzasya pUrvottarotpAdAbhyAmAzu grahaNa hI una sphaTika Adi ke chedana, bhedana ke svIkAra karane meM bAdhA ddaalegaa| usa dazA meM hamako cintA karane se kyA lAbha hai? ___vinAza ke anantara hI zIghra punaH navIna sphaTika utpanna ho jAtA hai aura phira zIghra cakSukiraNoM se naSTa kara diyA jAtA hai tathA phira utpanna ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisI avasthA meM usa sphaTika se AcchAdita artha kA nirantara darzana kaise ho sakegA? __ arthAt cakSurazmiyA~ jaba sphaTika ko tor3atI-phor3atI raheMgI aura vaha kSaNa-kSaNa meM nayA utpanna hotA rahegA, aisI dazA meM cakSurazmiyA~ bhItara jAkara artha ke sAtha sambandha kaise kara skeNgii| arthAt sphaTika se Dhake hue artha kA darzana nahIM honA cAhie, kintu hotA hai||25|| _____ saMsArI prANiyoM ke zarIra kA teja sparzana indriya ke dvArA (dUsare zarIra kI uSNatA kA) nirbheda rUpa se anubhava hotA hai| kintu naSTa ho rahe usa zarIra ke darzana aura sparzana to antarasahita hI anubhUta kiye jAte haiN| ____ jahA~ satata utpAda yA vinAza hotA rahatA hai, usa padArtha kA darzana aura sparzana to madhya meM abhAva kA antarAla DAlakara hotA hai jaise ki bAdaloM meM bijalI dikhanA athavA calate hue pahiye ke aroM kA chUnA antarAla sahita hai| kintu yahA~ prakRta meM sphaTika kA darzana aura sparzana donoM antarAla rahita hote haiM aisI dazA meM sphaTika Adi kA zIghratA se nAza yA utpAda mAnanA ucita nahIM hai||26|| ____ "sphaTika, kAca Adi kA atizIghra utpAda aura vinAza ho jAne se sAdRzya bhrAnti ke vaza nirantara ekapane rUpa abheda ko grahaNa karanA to sadA dekhane vAle puruSa ke una sphaTika Adi ke chedana, bhedana svIkAra karane kA bAdhaka nahIM hai arthAt ghaNToM nirantara dekhane vAle puruSa ke sphaTika Adi kA zIghra utpAda aura vinAza ho jAne ke kAraNa "yaha vahI sphaTika hai" aisA sAdRzya ke vaza abheda jJAna hotA hai| vastutaH dekhA jAe to vaha sphaTika sadA cakSu kI kiraNoM se chida-bhida rahA hai ata: usa sAdRzyamUlaka ekatva grahaNa se vaizeSikoM dvArA sphaTika kA bhida jAnA svIkAra karanA bAdhita nahIM hotA hai| vaizeSika kA yaha kahanA ayukta hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para vahA~ zIghra hI darzana aura adarzana ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| tathA sparzana aura asparzana ho jAne kA bhI prasaMga hogaa| bhAvArtha : A~khoM se eka hAtha dUra para rakhe hue sphaTika ko hama A~khoM se dekha rahe haiM, hAtha se chU rahe haiN| yadi sphaTika kA usa samaya vahA~ zIghra utpAda evaM vinAza mAnA jAyegA to sphaTikaM ke naSTa hone
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 341 bhAvibhyAM tirohitatvAnna tatrAdarzanamasparzanaM vA syAditi cet| nanvevaM tadutpAdasya pUrvottaravinAzAbhyAmAzu bhAvibhyAmeva virodhAnnadarzanasparzane mAbhUtAM tadutpAdayoH svamadhyagatavinAzatirodhAne sAmarthya bhAvasvabhAvatvena balIyastvAta tadvinAzayoH svamadhyagatotpAdatirodhAne'bhAvasvabhAvatvena durbalatvAditi cenna. bhAvAbhAvasvabhAvayoH smaanbltvaat| tayoranyatarabalIyastve yugpdbhaavaabhaavaatmkvstuprtiitivirodhaat| na hi vastuno bhAva eva kadAcitpratIyate svarUpAdicatuSTayeneva pararUpAdicatuSTayenApi bhaavprtiitiprskteH| na para usakA adarzana aura asparzana honA caahie| dekhanA, chUnA bIca-bIca meM ruka jAnA caahie| vahA~ sphaTika kA cAkSuSa pratyakSa aura spArzana pratyakSa karane meM upayoga lagA rahe kisI bhI jIva ke ho rahe darzana aura sparzana to adarzana aura asparzana se vyavahita anubhUta nahIM kiye jA rahe haiM arthAt sphaTika ko dekhane chUne vAlA manuSya bar3I dera taka usI sphaTika ko dekhatA, chUtA rahatA hai| ataH sphaTika kA zIghra utpAda, vinAza mAnanA anucita hai| atizIghra hone vAle pUrva samaya ke utpAda aura uttaravartI samaya ke utpAda ke dvArA, Age pIche ke utpAda ke dvArA usa sphaTika ke madhyavartI vinAza kA tirobhAva ho jAtA hai ata: upayukta jIva ko adarzana athavA asparzana nahIM hote haiN| Age pIche hone vAle utpAda madhya ke vinAza ko chipA dete haiN| isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra to dvitIya samaya kA pahalA vinAza aura caturtha samaya kA vinAza - ina zIghra hone vAle do vinAzoM ke dvArA hI usa sphaTika ke tRtIya samayavartI madhya ke utpAda kA virodha ho jAne ke kAraNa usa sphaTika ke darzana aura sparzana nahIM hone caahie| - sphaTika ke idhara-udhara ke do utpAdoM kI apane madhya meM par3e hue vinAza ko tirobhAva karane kA sAmarthya hai| utpatti bhAva svarUpa padArtha hai aura vinAza abhAva svarUpa padArtha hai| abhAva kI apekSA bhAvapakSa vizeSa balavAna hotA hai ata: usa sphaTika ke paryAyoM meM pahale pIche par3e hue do vinAzoM ko apane madhya meM prApta utpAda ke tirodhAna karane meM abhAvasvabhAvapanA ho jAne ke kAraNa durbalapanA hai arthAt abhAva ko chipA nahIM sakatA parantu bhAva abhAva ko chipA detA hai| _isa prakAra nahIM kahanA cAhie kyoMki vastu ke anujIvI, pratijIvI guNasvarUpa bhAva, abhAva donoM ko samAna balasahitapanA hai| donoM kA sAmarthya barAbara eka sA hai| una bhAva-abhAva donoM meM se kisI eka ko yadi adhika balavAna mAnA jAegA to yugapat bhAva abhAvasvarUpa vastu kI pratIti kA virodha aaegaa| arthAt eka balavAna se dUsare nirbala bhAva yA abhAva kI hatyA kara dene para vastu meM eka hI samaya meM bhAva aura abhAva donoM nahIM pAye jA skeNge| kintu vastu sadA hI bhAva, abhAva donoM ke sAtha tadAtmaka rUpa se pratIta ho rahI hai| isameM virodha kA abhAva hai ataH bhAva aura abhAva donoM samAna bala vAle hote hue vastu meM apanA jJAna aura arthakriyAoM ko karAte haiN| __ vastu kA bhAva svabhAva hI dIkhe aisA kabhI pratIta nahIM hotA hai anyathA svarUpa Adi dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvoM ke catuSTaya karake jaise vastu kA astitva mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI pararUpa Adi dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ke catuSTaya karake bhI vastu ke sadbhAva kI pratIti hone kA prasaMga aaegaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 342 cAnAdyanaMtasarvAtmakaM ca vastu pratibhAti yatastathAbhyupagamaH zreyAn / nApyabhAva eva vastunonubhUyate pararUpAdicatuSTayeneva svarUpAdicatuSTayenApyabhAvapratipattiprasaMgAt / na ca sarvathApyasatpratibhAti yatastadabhyupagamopi kasyacitpratitiSThet / prarUpitaprAyaM ca bhAvAbhAvasvabhAvavastupratibhAsanamiti kRtaM prapaMcena / sarvathotpAde vinAze ca punaH punaH sphaTikAdau darzanasparzanayoH sAMtarayoH prasaMjanasya durnivaartvaat| tadarthonumIyeteticenna, teSAM kAcAderna bhrAMtatvamarthoparaktasya vijJAnasyAnudgatirnaH (?) // bhAvArtha : "sadeva sarvaM ko necchet svarUpAdi catuSTayAt" vastu apane svarUpa nitya guNa, paryAya, avibhAga praticcheda, naimittikasvabhAva, paryAya zaktiyA~, azuddha dravya ke kAlAntara sthAyI guNa Adi svakIya zarIra ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva se satsvarUpa hai| vastu yadi sarvathA bhAvarUpa hI hotI to usameM prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva, itaretarAbhAva, atyantAbhAva nahIM pAye jAte aura aisA hone para vastu anAdi, ananta, sarvAtmaka ho jaatii| arthAt prAgabhAva ko mAne binA sampUrNa ghaTa, paTa Adi padArtha anAdi se cale Arahe ho jAte kyoMki prAgabhAva hI to kArya utpatti ke prathama samaya taka una ghaTaAdi ke sadbhAva ko roke hue thaa| jaba prAgabhAva hI nahIM mAnA jA rahA hai to dravyoM kI sampUrNa kArya paryAyeM anAdikAlIna ho jAyeMgI aura dhvaMsa ke nahIM mAnane para sampUrNa paryAyeM anaMtakAla taka Thaharane vAlI ho jAeMgI tathA eka dravya kI vivakSita paryAyoM kA anya paryAyoM meM yadi anyonyAbhAva nahIM mAnA jAyegA to jo paryAya cAhe jisa paryAyasvarUpa ho jaayegii| jaba paraspara parihAra ko karane vAlA anyonyAbhAva nahIM mAnA jAtA hai to anyonya meM bheda, paraspara meM vastu meM bheda nahIM hogaa| isI prakAra eka dravya yA usakI paryAyoM kA dUsare dravya athavA usakI paryAyoM meM trikAla rahane vAlA atyantAbhAva nahIM mAnA jAegA to sarva padArtha eka ho jaayeNge| atyantAbhAva ke binA ukta prakAra ke sAMkarya ko kauna roka sakatA ata: jaina siddhAntAnusAra dravya, guNa paryAyeM, svarUpa vastue~ apane-apane svarUpa meM sthita haiM aura ve padArtha anAdi ananta sarva Atmaka pratibhAsita nahIM hote haiM jisase ki isa prakAra vastu kA sadbhAva hI svIkAra karanA zreSTha samajhA jaae| vastutaH bhAva abhAva donoM svabhAvoM ke tAdAtmya se padArtha guMthe hue haiN| aisA devAgama stotra meM likhA hai| abhAva ekAnta kA nirAkaraNa : vastu kA sarvathA abhAva hI anubhava meM nahIM A rahA hai| kyoMki pararUpa Adi ke catuSTaya se jaise abhAva mAnA jA rahA hai, usI ke samAna svarUpa Adi ke catuSTaya se bhI vastu ke abhAva kA jJAna hone kA prasaMga aayegaa| sarvathA asat vastu to pratibhAsita nahIM hotI hai jisase ki usa abhAva ekAMta kA svIkAra karanA kisI zUnyavAdI yA tattvopaplavavAdI kA pratiSThita ho ske| sabhI prAmANika vidvAnoM ko bhAva aura abhAvasvarUpa vastu kA pratibhAsa ho rahA hai| isakA pUrva meM varNana kiyA gayA hai ataH yahA~ adhika vistAra rUpa kathana karane se kyA lAbha?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 343 prAptasyAMtaritArthena vibhinnasya priikssnnaat| nArthasya darzanaM siddhyedanumA ca tathaiva vA // 27 // nanvatyaMtaparokSatve styaarthsyaanumaagteH| vijJAnasyoparaktatve tena vijJAyate katham // 28 // tathA zazvadadRzyena vedhasA nirmitaM jagat / kathaM nizcIyate kAryavizeSAccetparairapi // 29 // ___yathaivAtrAsmadAdivinirmitetaraccharIrAdiviziSTaM kAryamupalabhya tasyezvareNAtyaMtaparokSeNa nirmitatvamanumIyate bhavatA tathA parairapi vijJAnaM nIlAdyarthAkAraviziSTaM kAryamabhisaMvedya nIlAdyarthonumIyata iti samaM pazyAmaH / yathA ca kAcAdyaMtaritArthe pratyakSatA vyavahAro vibhramavazAdevaM bahirarthepIti kuto matAMtaraM niraakriyte?|| vaizeSika-matAnasAra yadi sphaTika, kAca Adi kA punaH-punaH sarvathA utpAda aura tvarita-tvarita vinAza mAnA jAyegA to sphaTika Adi meM cAkSuSapratyakSa aura spArzana pratyakSoM ko antarAla sahita ho jAne kA prasaMga A jAnA durnivAra hogaa| arthAt sphaTika ke utpAda hone para usakA darzana aura sparzana tathA sphaTika ke zIghra nAza hone para usakA adarzana aura asparzana hotA rhegaa| usI sphaTika kI uttara-uttara sadRza paryAyoM meM "yaha vahI sphaTika hai," aisA vaha sphaTika artha anumAna se jJAta ho jAtA hai| aisA kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki una draSTA, spRSTA jIvoM ke kAca Adika ke jJAna ko bhrAntapanA nahIM hai| jJeya artha kA jJAna meM AkAra par3akara uparAga yukta ho rahe vijJAna kA udbhava hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ nahIM mAnA gayA hai| sphaTika, kAca Adi se vyavahita ho rahe artha ke sAtha cAroM ora se prApta cakSu ke dvArA TUTe-phUTe sphaTika kA dIkhanA nahIM hotA hai| ataH cakSu dvArA prApta artha kA dekhanA pratyakSa pramANa dvArA siddha nahIM ho sakegA aura usI prakAra ke pUrvokta anumAna dvArA cakSu kA aprApyakAritva siddha ho cukA hai||27|| . vaizeSika kahatA hai ki svalakSaNasvarUpa padArthoM ke atyanta parokSa mAnane para bauddhoM ke yahA~ artha kI anumAna dvArA bhI jJapti kaise hogI? vijJAna ko artha AkAra se pratibimbita mAnane para usa jJAna ke dvArA atyanta parokSa yA bhUta, bhaviSyat artha kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai? // 28 // vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ bhI sarvadA adRzya Izvara ke dvArA nirmANa kiyA gayA yaha jagat hai, yaha kaise nirNIta kiyA jAtA hai? yadi vizeSa kAryoM se sarvajJa, sarva zaktimAn, Izvara, sraSTA kA anumAna karoge to bauddhoM ke dvArA bhI usI prakAra atyanta parokSa artha kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai||29|| jisa prakAra Izvarasiddhi ke avasara para hama Adi sAdhAraNa jIvoM dvArA banAe gae ghaTa Adi se vibhinna jAti ke zarIra Adi vilakSaNa kAryoM ko dekhakara unakA atyanta parokSa Izvara se nirmitapanA anumAna dvArA jAna liyA jAtA hai, aisA Apane (vaizeSikoM ne) mAnA hai, usI prakAra anya bauddhoM ke dvArA bhI nIla, pIta Adi arthoM ke AkAra se viziSTa vijJAnasvarUpa kArya ko dekhakara nIla Adi arthoM kA anumAna kara liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama jaina tuma bauddha aura vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ samAnarUpa se honA dekha rahe haiN| jisa prakAra kAca Adi se vyavahita artha ke pratyakSa ho jAnepana kA vyavahAra vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ bhrAntivaza hotA hai, usI prakAra vijJAnAdvaitavAdI bauddhoM ke yahA~ bahiraMga artha meM bhI bhramavaza jJAna hotA hai - aisA mAna liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra tuma vaizeSika una bauddhoM ke dUsare mata kA nirAkaraNa kaise kara sakoge? arthAt nahIM kara skte|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 344 pratyakSeNAprabAdhena bahirarthasya drshnm| jJAnasyAMtaH prasiddhaM cennAnyathA parikalpyate // 30 // kAcAdyaMtaritArthepi smaanmidmuttrN| kAcAderbhinnadezasya tasyAbAdhaM vinizcayAt // 31 // . yathA mukhaM nirIkSate darpaNe pratibiMbitam / svadehe saMspRzaMtIti bAdhA siddhAtra dhImatAm // 32 // tathA na sphaTikAMbhobhrapaTalAvRtavastuni / svadezAditayA tasya tadA pazcAcca darzanAt // 33 // na ca nayanarazmayaH prasiddhAH pramANasAmarthyAdeH sphaTikAdIn vibhajya ghaTAdIn prakAzayaMtItyAha;na cekSate'smadAdInAM sphurNtshckssurNshvH| sAMdhakAranizIthinyAmanyAnabhibhavAdapi // 34 // yadyanudbhUtarUpAste zakyaMte nekSituM jnaiH| tadA pramAMtaraM vAcyaM tatsadbhAvAvabodhakam // 35 // - nirbAdha pratyakSa pramANa ke dvArA bahiraMga ghaTa Adi vastubhUta arthoM kA darzana to jJAna ke bhItara prasiddha hai| anyathA (vijJAnAdvaita rUpa se) kalpita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra kahane para to hamArA bhI yaha uttara samAnarUpa se hai ki kAca, sphaTika Adi se AcchAdita artha meM bhI usI kA nirbAdha pratyakSa pramANa. ke dvArA dera taka dekhanA, chUnA hotA rahatA hai| kAca Adi se Dhake hue bhinna deza vAle usa artha kA bAdhArahita vizeSarUpa se nizcata hotA hai ata: padArtha ko prApta nahIM karake bhI cakSu padArthoM ko jAna letI hai|||30-31|| jisa prakAra mAnava pratibimbita mukha ko to darpaNa meM dekhate haiM aura apane zarIra meM usa mukha ko chUte haiM, isa prakAra kI bAdhA yahA~ buddhimAnoM ke matAnusAra siddha mAnI gaI hai| arthAt artha kA jJAna anyatra hotA hai aura artha kI prApti dUsare sthala para hotI hai| pratibimba prApta mukha ke jJAna meM jaisI bAdhA upasthita hai, usI prakAra kI bAdhA to sphaTika, svacchajala, abhraka yA zukla bAdaloM ke paTala Adi se AcchAdita vastu ke jAnane meM nahIM hotI hai kyoMki kAca Adi se Dhake hue una padArthoM kA usa samaya aura pIche kAloM meM bhI usI apane deza, kAla, avasthA Adi sahita darzana hotA rahatA hai| arthAt do aMgula moTI sphaTikazilA ke Upara se do aMgula nIce rakhA huA padArtha vahA~ kA vahIM aura jaise kA taisA Age-pIche dIkhatA rahatA hai aura sphaTika zilA bhI vahI dIkhatI, chUtI rahatI hai, TUTa-phUTa nahIM gayI hai| ata: cakSu kA aprApyakArIpanA yuktiyoM se siddha hai||32-33|| netroM kI ve razmiyA~ pramANoM kI sAmarthya, yukti, dRSTAMta Adi se prasiddha nahIM haiM, jo sphaTika, kAca Adi ko tor3a-phor3akara bhItara ke ghaTa, citra, auSadhi Adi padArthoM kA prakAza karA sakatI hoN| isa kathana kA AcArya spaSTa nirUpaNa karate haiM- hamAre sarIkhe jIvoM ke camakatI huI netrakiraNeM to nahIM dikhatI haiN| andhakAra sahita kAlI rAta meM anya prakAzakoM dvArA bhI abhibhava tiraskRta nahIM karane yogya hama logoM kI sphurAyamAna netroM kI kiraNe dRSTigocara nahIM hotI haiN||34|| - asmadAdika jIvoM kI ve netrakiraNe anudbhUtarUpa vAlI haiM ata: aprakaTarUpa viziSTa hone ke kAraNa manuSyoM ke dvArA ve dekhI nahIM jA sakatI haiN| isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to vaizeSikoM ko una netra kiraNoM ke sadbhAva ko samajhAne vAlA pramANAntara kahanA cAhie kyoMki hama logoM ke netra to aba cakSukiraNoM ko dekhane ke lie samartha nahIM haiM // 35 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 345 razmivallocanaM sarvaM taijasatvAt pradIpavat / iti siddhaM na netrasya jyotiSkatvaM prasAdhayet // 36 // taijasaM nayanaM satsu snnikRssttrsaadissu| rUpasya vyaMjakatvAccetpradIpAdivadIryate // 37 // hetordine nishaanaathmyuukhairvybhicaaritaa| taijasaM nihitaM caMdrakAMtaratnakSitau bhavAH // 38 // tejonusUtritA jJeyA gA mUloSNavatI prbhaa| nAnyA marakatAdInAM pArthivatvaprasiddhitaH // 39 // cakSuSastaijasatve sAdhye rUpasyaiva vyaMjakatvAdityasya hetozcaMdrAdyudyotena mUloSNatvarahitena pArthivatvena vyabhicArAdagamakatvAttattaijasatvasyAsiddherna tato razmivaccakSuSaH siddhyet|| vaizeSika anumAna pramANa dvArA netroM kI kiraNoM ko siddha karate haiM ki sampUrNa cakSue~ kiraNoM se sahita haiM, pradIpa kalikA ke samAna tejodravya dvArA nirmita hone se| taijasatva hetu netroM ke dIpta kiraNasahitatva ko siddha karatA hai| isa anumAna meM diyA gayA taijasatva hetu netra ke bhAsvarasvarUpavAle tejodravya se nirmita taijasa ko siddha nahIM karatA hai, yadi anya padArthoM ke rUpa, rasa, gaMdha Adi ke sannikRSTa hone para bhI vaha rUpa kA hI vyaMjaka ho jAne se, pradIpa, sUrya Adi ke samAna nayana taijasa hai, to isa prakAra vaizeSika ke nirUpaNa karane para jainAcArya kahate haiN||36-37|| : cakSu meM taijasatva ko sAdhane ke lie diye gae rUpa kA hI prakAzakapanA hetu kA dina meM nizAnAtha (candramA) kI kiraNoM ke dvArA vyabhicArI hotA hai arthAt prabhA ko dRSTAnta mAna lene para hetu meM parakIya vizeSaNa nahIM hai| candrakAntamaNi, pannAratna Adi se bhI vyabhicAra hotA hai| yadi candrakAnta ratna kI bhUmi Adi meM taijasadravya ko mAnakara unameM pAyI jAne vAlI kiraNoM meM tejodravya kA anvita sUtra ba~dhA huA mAna lenA bhI upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki tejodravya padArthoM kI prabhA to mUla meM uSNatA se sahita hotI hai| mUla meM uSNa aura prabhA meM bhI uSNa jo padArtha hai, vaha agnisvarUpa taijasa padArtha hai, kintu mUla meM anuSNa aura prabhA meM uSNa padArtha sUrya to Atapayukta kahA jAtA hai| mUla aura prabhA donoM meM uSNatArahita padArtha candramA, pannA, khadyota, udyotavAn kahe jAte haiM, jainasiddhAntAnusAra sUrya vimAna kA zarIra sarvathA uSNa nahIM hai, kintu usakI prabhA ati uSNa hai ataH sUryakiraNoM se bhI vyabhicAra ho sakatA hai| ata: mUla kAraNa meM uSNatAvAlI prabhA se sahita kiraNeM hI taijasa kahI jA sakatI haiM anya pannA, maNi, vaiDUryaratna, nIlamaNi AdikoM ko to pRthvI kA vikArapanA prasiddha hai| yAnI jo mUla meM anuSNa hai aura jisakI prabhA bhI anuSNa hai, vaha taijasa nahIM haiN||38-39|| cakSu kA taijasapanA sAdhya karane para rUpa Adi ke sannihita hone se, rUpa kA hI vyaMjakapanA hone se, yoM isa hetu kA candramA, marakata maNi Adi ke udyota karake vyabhicAra AtA hai, jo ki mUla meM aura prabhA meM uSNatA se rahita hotA huA pRthvI kA vikAra mAnA gayA hai| cakSussannikarSa meM vyabhicAra vAraNa karane ke lie dravyatva aura jJAna ke kAraNa ko hI jJAna kA viSaya mAnane vAle vAdI ke yahA~ cAkSuSapratyakSa ke viSaya ho rahe rUpa, rUpavAna artha, rUpatva, rUpAbhAva ina karake hue vyabhicAra ke nivAraNArtha karaNatva vizeSaNa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 346 rUpAbhivyaMjane cANAM nAlokApekSaNaM bhavet / taijasatvAtpradIpAderiva sarvasya dehinaH // 40 // yathaikasya pradIpasya suspssttaarthprkaashne| maMdatvAdasamarthasya dvitIyAderapekSaNam // 41 // tathAkSNorna viruddhyeta sUryAlokAdyapekSaNaM / svakArye hi svajAtIyaM sahakAri pratIkSyate // 42 // tdsllocnsyaarthprkaashitvaavinishcyaat| kathaMcidapi dIpAdinirapekSasya pradIpavat // 43 // aMdhakArAvabhAsosti vinAlokena cenna vai| prasiddhasteMdhakArosti jJAnAbhAvAtparorthakRt // 44 // pareSTyAstIti cettasyAH siddhaM ckssurtaijsN| pramANatvenyathA nAMdhakAraH siddhyettatastava // 45 // lagAne para bhI candra udyota Adi karake vyabhicAra doSa lagA rahanA tadavastha rahatA hai ataH hetu kA gamakapanA nahIM hone ke kAraNa cakSu meM taijasapane kI siddhi nahIM ho skii| isa kAraNa usa taijasatva hetu se cakSu kI kiraNavattA siddha nahIM ho paaegii| athavA yadi sampUrNa zarIrI AtmAoM kI cakSuoM ko kiraNa sahita taijasa mAnA jAegA taba to teja kA vivarta hone ke kAraNa cakSuoM ko rUpa kI abhivyakti karAne meM anya sUrya, pradIpa Adi ke Aloka yA prakAza kI apekSA nahIM honA caahie| jaise ki pradIpa, sUrya Adi ko rUpa ke prakAzane meM anya sUrya, dIpa Adi ke AlokAMtara kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai kintu manuSya Adi ko aMdhere meM cAkSuSa pratyakSa karane ke lie . Aloka prakAza kI apekSA hotI dekhI jAtI hai ata: cakSu kA taijasapanA asiddha hai||40|| vaizeSika kahatA hai ki artha ke spaSTa prakAza karane meM manda hone ke kAraNa asamartha ho rahe eka dIpaka ko jaise dUsare, tIsare Adi dIpakoM kI apekSA ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra manda prakAzI hone se manuSyoM ke netroM ko bhI sUrya, candra, pradIpa Adi ke Aloka, udyota Adi kI apekSA karanA viruddha nahIM par3atA hai, kyoMki apane dvArA karane yogya kArya meM apanI samAna jAti vAle sahakArI kAraNa kI pratIkSA ho hI jAtI hai ata: taijasa netroM ko taijasa sUrya, dIpa Adi kI AkAMkSA honA svAbhAvika hai||41-42|| ___ jainAcArya kahate haiM ki yaha vaizeSikoM kA kahanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai kyoMki pradIpa ke samAna anya dIpaka, sUrya Adi kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAle manuSyoM ke netroM ko kisI bhI prakAra se arthaprakAzakapane kA vizeSa nizcaya nahIM hai| arthAt-manuSyoM ko cAkSuSapratyakSa karane meM anya Aloka kI apekSA Avazyaka hai| manda se bhI atimanda pradIpa ko svaprakAzana meM anya dIpoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai||43|| ___"rAtri meM Aloka ke binA bhI andhakAra kA pratibhAsa ho jAtA hai ata: cAkSuSa pratyakSa karane meM Aloka kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai|" aisA kahate ho to (Apake) vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ jJAnAbhAva se atirikta koI bhinna arthakriyA ko kahane vAlA andhakAra nAmaka padArtha nizcaya se prasiddha hI nahIM mAnA gayA hai| phira Aloka andhakAra ke binA hI dIkha jAne kA hama para vyartha ApAdana kyoM kiyA jAtA hai? // 44 // jainoM ke Upara andhakAra ke Aloka binA hI pratyakSa ho jAne kA kaTAkSa kiyA jA sakatA hai| yadi dUsare (jainoM kI) dRSTi se hI andhakAra nAmaka padArtha siddha kiyA jAtA hai, to syAdvAdiyoM kI usa dRSTi ko pramANapanA mAnane para cakSu ataijasa bhI siddha ho jAtI hai| anyathA (jaina AcAryoM ke iSTa siddhAnta ko
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 347 ataijasAMjanApekSi cakSU rUpaM vyanakti yN| nAtaH samAnajAtIyasahakAri niyamyate // 46 // taijasamevAMjanAdi rUpaprakAzane netrasya sahakAri na puna: pArthivameva tatrAnudbhUtasya tejodravyabhAvAdityayuktaM pramANAbhAvAt / taijasamaMjanAdi rUpAvabhAsane nayanasahakAritvAddIpAdivatyapyasamyak, cNdrodyotaadinaanaikaaNtaat| tasyApi pakSIkaraNAnna vyabhicAra iti cenna, hetoH kAlAtyayApadiSTatvaprasaMgAt / paMkSasya pratyakSAnumAnAgamabAdhitatvAt tasya prtykssennaataijstvenaanubhvaat| na taijasazcaMdrodyoto pramANapanA nahIM mAnane para to) tumhAre yahA~ andhakAra padArtha siddha nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt jainoM ke abhISTa siddhAntAnusAra yadi andhakAra ko paudgalika tattva mAnA jAyegA to unhIM ke abhISTa anusAra cakSu kA ataijasapanA bhI siddha ho jaaegaa||45|| arthAt taijasa apanI samAna jAti vAle anya taijasa padArtha ko sahakArI cAhatA hai| so unakA yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki ataijasa aMjana yA kAjala kI apekSA rakhane vAlI cakSu jisa rUpa ko vyakta karatI hai, usameM cakSu kA sahakArI kAraNa koI samAna jAti kA taijasa padArtha apekSaNIya nahIM hai| bhAvArtha : samAnajAtIya taijasa padArtha hI netroM kA sahakArI hai, yaha niyama nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki cazmA Adi anya padArtha bhI sahakArI hote haiN|||46|| (vaizeSika) tejodravya se bane hae aMjana Adi padArtha svarUpa ko prakAzane meM netra ke sahakArI kAraNa haiM kintu ve aMjana Adi vivarta kevala pArthiva hI nahIM haiM, kyoMki una aMjana Adi meM aprakaTa tejodravya kA sadbhAva hai ataH taijasa netra ke taijasa padArtha hI sahAyaka hue| - vaizeSikoM kA yaha kathana yuktirahita hai, kyoMki aMjana Adi meM chipe hue tejodravya ke sadbhAva kA sAdhaka koI pramANa nahIM hai| yadi vaizeSika yaha anumAna pramANa deveM ki aMjana, cazmA Adi taijasa padArtha haiM - rUpa ko prakAzane meM netroM ke sahakArI kAraNa hone se, jaise dIpaka, bijalI Adi padArtha ke prakAzana meM sahakArI kAraNa haiN| vaizeSikoM kA yaha anumAna samIcIna nahIM hai, kyoMki candra udyota, mANikya prakAza Adi ke dvArA inameM vyabhicAra doSa AtA hai| ve taijasa nahIM hote hue bhI netroM ke sahakArI haiN| yadi vaizeSika unako pakSa nahIM hote hue bhI aMjana Adi ke sAtha pakSa koTi meM kara leMge aura mAna leMge ki isase vyabhicAra nahIM hogA, to aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki aisI dazA meM nayana sahakAritva hetu ko bAdhita hetvAbhAsa hojAne kA prasaMga aaegaa| aMjana, candrodyota Adi meM taijasapanA sAdhane para pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama pramANoM se pakSa bAdhita ho jAtA hai, kyoMki una aMjana, udyota Adi kA pratyakSa pramANa dvArA ataijasasvarUpa anubhava meM A rahA hai ataH kAle aMjana, pIle udyota, abhAsura cazmA Adi kA taijasapanA pratyakSabAdhita hai| vaizeSikoM ne bhI inako pArthiva mAnA hai| tumhAre anumAna meM isa anumAna pramANa se hI bAdhA yoM AtI hai ki candrodyota taijasa nahIM hai, netroM ko Ananda kA kAraNa hone se jala, karpUra, mamIrA Adi ke samAna / isa prakAra anumAna se bAdhA hone ke kAraNa tumhArA nayanasahakAritva hetu satpratipakSa hetvAbhAsa bhI hai| prAyaH ataijasa, zItala padArtha hI nayanoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 348 nyaanaanNdhetutvaatslilaadivditynumaanaat| mUloSNavatI prabhA teja ityAgamAccAbdhijalakallolaizcaMdrakAMtapratihatAH sUryAMzavaH pradyotate zizirAzca bhvNti| tata eva nayanAnaMdahetava ityAgamastu na pramANaM, yuktyananugRhItatvAt tthaavidhaagmaaNtrvt| tadananugRhItasyApi prmaanntvetiprsNgaat| puruSAdvaitapratipAdakAgamasya pramANatvaprasaMgAt sklyaugmtvirodhaat| kiMcakimuSNasparzavijJAnaM taijasekSNi na jaayte| tasyAnudbhUtatAyAM tu rUpAnudbhUtatA kutH||47|| ke AnandadAtA haiN| tathA Agama pramANa se bhI tumhArA hetu bAdhita hai| mUla meM jo uSNa hai aura jisakI prabhA bhI uSNa hai, vaha taijasa padArtha hai| jaina siddhAnta meM sUrya kI prabhA ko uSNa hone para bhI mUla meM sUrya ko uSNa nahIM hone ke kAraNa taijasa nahIM mAnA gayA hai| yadi vaizeSika yaha Agama dikhalAveM ki samudra ke jala kI laharoM ke dvArA candrakAnta maNi ke sAtha pratighAta ko prApta sarya kiraNeM hI candravimAna dvArA prakaSTa udyota kara rahI haiN| athavA sUryakiraNe hI samudra jala se TakarA kara Upara candramA ke bhItara se prakAzatI haiM, yA candramA kI kAnti se TakarAkara uchalatI huI sUrya kiraNeM camakatI haiM aura samudra jala kA sparza ho jAne se ve zItala bhI ho gayI haiM ata: netroM ko Ananda dene kA hetu ho gaI haiN| ___ AcArya kahate haiM ki yaha Agama to pramANa nahIM hai, kyoMki yuktiyoM ke anugraha se rahita hai, jaise ki usa prakAra ke anya Agama pramANa nahIM mAne gae haiM arthAt-vartamAna ke katipaya vaijJAnikoM ne kucha tAre aise mAne haiM, phailate-phailate bhI jinakA prakAza asaMkhya varSoM se yahA~ pRthvI para aba taka nahIM A pAyA hai| aisA unakI pustakoM meM likhA hai| pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu-ina tattvoM ko milAkara hI jIvAtmA bana jAtI hai, ityAdi Agama yA pustakeM ayukta hone ke kAraNa jaise pramANa nahIM haiM, usI prakAra caMdra ke nijI udyota ko sUrya kiraNoM kA udyota kahanA aura samudra jala ke sparza se unheM zItala kahanA ayukta hai| candramA meM khaNDita nIlamaNi kA Tukar3A sarIkhA kAlA padArtha jo atizaya yukta dIkha rahA hai, usa cihna ko koI to kalaMka hI A~kA karate haiM, anya vidvAna samudra meM se calI AI kIcar3a mAna rahe haiM, koI usako hariNa kaha rahe haiM, anya vidvAna usako pRthvI kI chAyA kahate haiM, kintu kavi kahate haiM ki rAta meM pAna kara liyA gayA gAr3ha andhakAra hai parantu jo yuktiyoM se anugRhIta nahIM hai aise cAhe jisa kisI Agama ko bhI yadi pramANa mAna liyA jAegA to atiprasaMga doSa aaegaa| hiMsA, jhUTha Adi ke pratipAdaka bhI zAstra kaSAyavAna jIvoM ke dvArA racita haiM tathA bhedavAdI, naiyAyika, vaizeSika, mImAMsaka Adi vidvAnoM ke yahA~ bhI brahmAdvaita ke pratipAdaka Agama ko pramANapane kA prasaMga AyegA, aura aisA hone para usake sAtha sampUrNa naiyAyika, vaizeSika aura yogya vidvAnoM ke mata kA virodha ho jAegA, kintu dvaitavAdI naiyAyikoM ne advaita pratipAdaka Agama ko ayukta hone ke kAraNa pramANa nahIM mAnA hai| cakSu ko tejodravya se nirmita huA mAnane para A~kha meM uSNa sparza kA vijJAna utpanna kyoM nahIM hotA hai? yadi usa taijasa netra ke uSNa sparza kA anubhUtapanA svIkAra kareMge taba to teja ke bhAsvararUpa kA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *349 tejodravyaM hyanudbhUtasparzamudbhUtarUpabhRt / dRSTaM yathA pradIpasya prabhAbhAraH smNttH||48|| tathAnudbhUtarUpaM tadudbhUtasparzamIkSitam / yathoSNodakasaMyuktaM paramudbhUtatadvayam // 49 // nAnudbhUtadvayaM tejo dRSTaM ckssurytstthaa| adRSTavazatastaccetsarvamakSaM tathA na kim // 50 // suvarNaghaTavattatsyAdityasiddhaM nidrshnN| pramANabalatastasya taijasatvAprasiddhitaH // 51 // anubhUtapanA kaise ho sakatA ha? arthAt - jisa taijasa padArtha kA uSNa sparza hai, usakA rUpa avazya udbhUta hai aura jisakA rUpa anubhUta hai, usakA sparza avazya udbhUta hai| phira netra meM kama-se-kama uSNa sparza yA bhAsvara zukla donoM meM se eka to abhivyakta honA hI caahie| netra meM tejodravya ke upajIvaka bhAsvararUpa aura uSNa sparza donoM nahIM pratIta hote haiM ata: cakSu taijasa nahIM hai, paudgalika hai||47|| jo tejodravya anubhUta sparzavAlA hai, vaha niyama se udbhUtarUpa ko dhAraNa kie hue dekhA gayA hai, jaise ki pradIpa kA cAroM ora se phaila rahA dIptiyoM kA samudAya vyakta uSNa sparza vAlA nahIM hai| parantu tejodravya ke upajIvI camakIle udbhUtarUpa ko avazya dhAraNa kie hue hai| tathA jisa tejodravya meM bhAsvararUpa udbhUta nahIM bhI hai, usameM tejodravya ke upayogI udbhUta uSNasparza avazya pratIta ho rahA hai| jaise ki uSNajala meM saMyukta ho rahA tejodravya udbhUta rUpavAna yadyapi nahIM hai, kintu uSNasparzavAna avazya hai| isa prakaraNa meM yaha kahanA hai ki uSNa jala kA uSNa sparza vastuta: jala kA hI tadAtmaka pariNAma hai| jala meM sUcI agrabhAgoM ke samAna ghuse hue mAne gaye tejodravya kA vaha aupAdhika pariNAma nahIM hai| uSNa sparza yadi jala kA, nija svabhAva nahIM hai, to uSNajala kA nyArA svAda bhI tejodravya kA hI mAnA jaaegaa| uSNajala meM tejodravya udbhUta sparzavAlA hai| udbhUtarUpa aura anubhUtasparza vAle Aloka, prabhA, dIpti Adi haiM, tathA udbhUta sparza aura anubhUtarUpa vAle uSNajala saMyukta taijasa, agni Adi haiN| ukta (ina) donoM jAti ke taijasa dravyoM se bhinna jitane bhI agni, jvAlA, taptaloha golA Adi padArtha haiM, ve saba taijasa padArtha (una) udbhUta bhAsvararUpa aura udbhUta uSNa sparza donoM se sahita hai| udbhUtarUpa aura udbhUtasparza donoM jisameM aprakaTa hoM, aisA tejodravya dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahA hai jisase ki cakSu anudbhUtarUpavAn aura anudbhUta sparzavAn mAna liyA jaae| Apa yadi cakSu ko taijasadravya mAnate haiM to udbhUtarUpa aura udbhUta uSNasparza donoM meM se eka ko to avazya netra meM prakaTa mAnanA caahie| donoM ko aprakaTa mAnane se to vaha netra kA taijasa kisI prakAra saMbhava nahIM hai| yadi puNya yA pApa ke vaza se usa netra meM donoM ke udbhUta nahIM hone para bhI taijasapanA mAna liyA jAegA athavA taijasanetra ke bhI kinhIM jIvoM ke puNya, pApa anusAra donoM rUpa-sparzoM kA udbhUtapanA dRSTigata nahIM ho rahA, aisA svIkAra kiyA jAegA taba to sampUrNa indriyoM ko usa prakAra kA anudbhUtarUpa sparzavAlA kyoM nahIM mAna lenA cAhie? jaise ki naiyAyikoM ne svarNa ke bane hue ghaTa meM uSNasparza aura bhAsvararUpa donoM kA aprakaTapanA mAnA hai| isI ke samAna sparzana, rasanA Adi indriyA~ bhI taijasa ho jAyeMgI ataH pramANoM kI sAmarthya se usa suvarNa ghaTa ko taijasapanA prasiddha nahIM hai ata: siddha nahIM hue dRSTAMta suvarNaghaTa ke bala se cakSu meM taijasarUpa aura uSNasparza donoM kA anubhUta hokara raha jAnA siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai ata: vaizeSikoM ke pUrvokta anumAna se cakSu kA taijasapanA siddha nahIM ho sakA, ukta dRSTAnta svayaM hI siddha nahIM hai||48-49-50-51||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 350 noSNavIryatvatastasya taijasatvaM prsiddhyti| vyabhicArAnmarIcAdidravyeNa taijasena vaH // 52 // tato nAsiddhatA hetoH siddhasAdhyasya budhyte| cAkSuSatvAdito dhvAne'nityatvasya yathaiva hi // 53 // tadevaM taijasatvAdityasya hetorasiddhatvAnna cakSuSi razmivattvasiddhinibaMdhanatvaM yatastasya razmayorthaprakAzanazaktayaH syuH satAmapi teSAM bRhattaragiriparicchedanamayuktaM manasodhiSThAne sarvathetyAha;saMtopi razmayo netre manasAdhiSThitA ydi| vijJAnahetavortheSu prApteSveveti manyate // 54 // mnsonnutvtshckssurmyuukhessvndhisstthiteH| bhinnadezeSu bhuuystvprmaannuvdekshH||55|| mahIyaso mahIdhrasya paricchittirna yujyte| krameNAdhiSThitau tasya tadaMzeSveva sNvidH||56|| vaizeSika kahate haiM ki cakSu taijasa hai - uSNavIrya sahita hone se, jaise ki jvaalaa| arthAt netra meM ati uSNa zakti hai ata: netra se A~sU uSNa nikalate haiN| netra kI taijasa zakti se dRSTipAta hokara bAlaka, sundara avayava, bhakSya, peya padArtha dRSTidoSa se grasita . ho jAte haiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra uSNavIrya yuktapane se cakSu kA taijasapanA bhI prasiddha nahIM hai kyoMki miraca, pIpala Adi se vyabhicAra ho jAyegA, jo ki tuma vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ miraca Adi ko taijasa padArtha nahIM mAnA hai| arthAt miraca, saMkhiyA Adi bhI bar3I-bar3I uSNazaktiyoM ke kArya karate haiN| pAlA girane se vRkSa dagdha ho jAte haiM, kintu ve taijasa nahIM haiM // 52 // ataH svarUpAsiddha hetvAbhAsa se sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM jAnI jAtI hai| jisa prakAra zabda meM cAkSuSatva, rAsanatva Adi asiddha hetuoM se anityapane kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai|||53|| isa prakAra "taijasatvAt" isa hetu kI asiddhatA ho jAne se cakSu meM taijasatva ko jJApaka kAraNa mAnakara kiraNasahitapane kI siddhi nahIM kara skte| athavA isa taijasatva hetu ko cakSu meM kiraNasahitapane kI siddhi kA kAraNapanA nahIM hai jisase ki usa cakSu kI razmiyA~ artha ko prakAzane kI zaktivAlI ho skeN| yadi cakSu meM kiraNoM kA sadbhAva bhI mAna liyA jAe to bhI una razmiyoM ke dvArA cakSu se adhika bar3e parvata kI jJapti karanA ayukta hogaa| arthAt choTI sI cakSuoM kI kiraNe kosoM dUrI parvata barAbara phailakara kaise prakAza karA sakatI haiM? tathA vaizeSikoM dvArA mAne gaye adhiSThAtA aNu mana ke dvArA cakSuoM kA adhiSThAna (adhikRtapanA) mAnane para to sabhI prakAroM se mahAn parvata kI paricchitti sarvathA nahIM ho sakatI hai| isI bAta ko vizada rUpa se Age kahate haiM - cakSu meM mana se adhiSThita vidyamAna kiraNeM bhI sambandha ko prApta arthoM meM vijJAna kI utpAdaka kAraNa haiM, aisA mAnA jAtA hai taba to mana kA aNupanA hone ke kAraNa cakSu kI aneka aura lambI-caur3I bhinna-bhinna dezoM meM phailI huI kiraNoM meM adhiSThAna nahIM ho skegaa| jaise ki eka-eka paramANu hokara bahuta se dezoM meM phaila rahe paramANuoM meM eka paramANu kA yugapat adhiSThAtApana nahIM bana pAtA hai| arthAt eka choTA sA paramANu eka samaya meM eka hI paramANu para adhikAra jamA sakatA hai| eka paramANu barAbara ho rahA mana asaMkhya kiraNoM para apanA adhikAra kaise bhI Aropita nahIM kara sakatA hai| aisI dazA meM vizAla parvata kI cakSudvArA jJapti honA yukta nahIM pdd'egaa| ___ una mana kI krama, krama se aneka kiraNoM meM adhiSThiti mAnI jAegI, taba to usa parvata ke choTechoTe aMzoM meM hI aneka jJAna ho skeNge| eka vizAla parvata kA eka jJAna nahIM ho skegaa||54-55-56||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 351 niraMzovayavI zailo mahIyAnapi rocissaa| nayanena paricchedyo manasAdhiSThitena cet // 57 // na syAnmecakavijJAnaM nAnAvayavagocaram / taddeziviSayaM cAsya manohInaidRgaMzubhiH // 58 // zailacaMdramasozcApi prtyaasnndvisstthyoH| sahajJAnaM na yujyeta prasiddhamapi saddhiyAm // 59 // kAlena yAvatA zailaM prayAMti nayanAMzavaH / keciccaMdramasaM nAnye tAvataiveti yujyate // 6 // tayozca kramato jJAnaM yadi syAtte manodvayaM / nAnyathaikasya manasastadadhiSThityasaMbhavAt // 61 // vikiirnnaaneknetraaNshuraasherpraapykaarinnH| manasodhiSThitau kAyasyaikadezepi tisstthtH||62|| niraMza tathA akhaNDa eka avayavI vizAla parvata mana ke dvArA adhiSThita cakSu ke dvArA jAnA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki raMga biraMge citra meM aneka avayavoM ko viSaya karane vAlA aura usa deza meM sthita avayavoM ko viSaya kara jAnane vAlA citrajJAna to mana ke adhiSThAtRtva se rahita cakSu kiraNoM ke dvArA nahIM ho skegaa| arthAt - bhinna-bhinna dezoM meM par3e hue citra vicitra raMga ke avayavoM kA eka hI samaya citrajJAna to taba ho sakatA hai, jabaki aneka avayavoM para usI samaya netra kiraNe par3eM aura una avayavoM meM saMyukta ho rahI saMpUrNa kiraNoM ke sAtha mana kI bhI yugapat adhiSThiti ho, kintu choTA sA paramANu barAbara mana anekadezIya kiraNoM meM yugapat kaise adhiSThAna kara sakatA hai? // 5758 // ... cakSu kiraNoM dvArA viSaya kI prApti mAnane para atinikaTa parvata kA aura adhika dUravartI candramA kA eka sAtha jJAna nahIM ho sakegA, jo ki samIcIna jJAna karane vAle prAmANika puruSoM ke yahA~ bhI prasiddha hai| nayana kI kitanI hI kiraNeM jitane kAla meM parvata ko prApta hotI haiM, utane hI samaya meM anya koI kiraNeM candramA ko prApta ho jAtI haiM, aisA karanA bhI yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki nikaTavartI parvata to jhaTa A~khoM se prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| kintu adhika dUra hajAroM kosa taka candramA ke pAsa cakSu kiraNeM jhaTa nahIM pahu~ca sakatI haiN| parantu buddhimAna puruSoM ko candramA aura parvata kA yA zAkhA aura candramA kA yugapat cAkSuSajJAna hotA hai|59-60|| yadi (vaizeSika) kahe ki una parvata aura candramA kA jJAna krama se hotA hai, taba to do mana avazya ho jAeMge anyathA (do mana ko mAne binA) donoM kA jJAna nahIM ho skegaa| kyoMki aNu pramANa eka mana kI una donoM ke Upara adhiSThiti honA asambhava hai||61|| vaizeSika kahate haiM ki mana indriya to aprApyakArI hai, ataH zarIra ke eka deza meM sthita aprApyakArI mana kA phailI huI, aneka netra kiraNoM kI rAzi ke Upara adhiSThAtRtva honA sambhava hai| isa para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para to eka sAtha upayukta ho rahI pA~ca indriyoM kA adhiSThApaka yaha mana kyoM nahIM mAna liyA jAtA hai? // 62 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika ** 352 sahAkSapaMcakasyaitatkiM nAdhiSThAyakaM mataM / yato na kramatobhISTaM rUpAdijJAnapaMcakam // 63 // tathA ca yugpjjnyaanaanutptterprsiddhitH| sAdhye manasi liMgatvaM na syAditi manaH kutH||64|| mano'nadhiSThitAzcakSUrazmayo yadi kurvte| svArthajJAnaM tadapyetaddUSaNaM duratikramam // 65 // tatokSirazmayo bhittvA kAcAdInnArthabhAsinaH / teSAmabhAvato bhAvepyuktadoSAnuSaMgataH // 66 // kAcAdyaMtaritArthAnAM grahaNaM cakSuSaH sthitam / aprApyakAritAliMgaM parapakSasya bAdhakam // 67 // evaM pakSAsyAdhyakSabAdhAmanumAnabAdhAM ca prarUpyAgamabAdhAM ca darzayannAha;spRSTaM zabdaM zRNotyakSamaspRSTaM ruupmiikssyte| spRSTaM baddhaM ca jAnAti sparza gaMdhaM rasaM tathA // 68 // ityAgamazca tasyAsti bAdhako baadhvrjitH| cakSuSoprApyakAritvasAdhanaH shuddhdhiimtH||69|| jisase ki krama se abhISTa kiye gae rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza zabda inake pA~ca jJAna eka sAtha nahIM ho sake arthAt aprApyakArI mana kI eka samaya meM aneka padArthoM ke Upara adhiSThiti mAnane para eka sAtha pA~coM jJAna ho jAne cAhie aura vaisA hone para yugapat jJAna ke utpatti kI prasiddhi ho jAne se mana ko sAdhya karane meM "yugapat jJAnAnutpatti', yaha jJApaka hetu nahIM ho sakegA aisI dazA meM atIndriya anindriya mana kI siddhi kaise hogii||62-63-64|| mana indriya se anadhiSThita cakSu kiraNeM yadi apane aura padArthoM ke jJAna ko utpanna kara detI haiM to bhI isa dUSaNa kA atikramaNa karanA duHsAdhya hai arthAt mana kA adhiSThAna nahIM mAnane para to adhika sulabhatA se yugapat pA~coM jJAna ho jAne cAhie parantu pA~coM indriyoM ke dvArA eka sAtha jJAna nahIM hotA hai||65|| __ataH cakSu kI razmiyA~ kAca Adi ko tor3a-phor3a kara bhItara ghusa jAtI haiM aura prApta hue artha kA cAkSuSapratibhAsa karA detI haiN| aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki una netroM ke razmiyoM kA abhAva hai| yadi unakA sadbhAva bhI mAna liyA jAyegA to pUrva meM kahe gaye doSoM kA prasaMga AtA hai| kAca, sphaTika Adi se AcchAdita arthoM kA cakSu ke dvArA grahaNa karanA pramANa pratiSThita ho cukA hai| vahI cakSu ke aprApyakArIpana kA jJApaka hetu hotA huA vaizeSika, naiyAyika Adi dUsare vidvAnoM ke dvArA svIkRta prApyakArIpana ke pakSa kA bAdhaka hai||66-67|| isa prakAra vaizeSikoM ke dvArA mAne gaye cakSu ke prApyakArIpana pakSa kI pratyakSapramANa se aura anumAna pramANoM se Agata bAdhA kA nirUpaNa kara aba AgamapramANa se Agata bAdhA ko dikhalAte hue granthakAra kahate saMsArI AtmA zabda ko sparza karake sunatI hai, rUpa ko binA sparza kie dekhatI hai, usI prakAra sparza, rasa aura gandha ko baddha aura sparza karake jAnatI hai| isa prakAra bAdhAoM se rahita prAmANika Agama usa cakSu ke prApyakArIpana kA bAdhaka hai, aura vizuddha buddhi vAle puruSoM ke sanmukha vaha Agama cakSu ke aprApyakArIpana kA sAdhana karA detA hai ataH pratyakSa, anumAna aura nirbAdha Agama, ina pramANoM se cakSu ke aprApyakArIpanA siddha kara diyA gayA hai|68-69||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 353 nanu nayanAprApyakAritvasAdhanasyAgamasya bAdhArahitatvamasiddhamiti parAkUtamupadarya duussynnaah;mnovdviprkRssttaarthgraahktvaanussNjnN| netrasyAprApyakAritve bAdhakaM yena gIyate // 7 // tasya prAptANugaMdhAdigrahaNasya prsNjnm| ghrANAdeH prApyakAritve bAdhakaM kena baadhyte||71|| sUkSme mahati ca prApteravizeSepi yogytaa| gRhItuM cenmahaddavyaM dRzyaM tasya na cAparam // 72 // tarhAprApterabhedepi cakSuSaH shktiriidRshii| yathA kiMciddhi dUrArthamavidikkaM prpshyti||73|| ___nanu ca ghrANAdIMdriyaM prApyakAri prAptamapi tatrANugaMdhAdiyoginaH paricchinatti nAsmadAdestAdRzAdRSTavizeSasyAbhAvAt mahattvAdyupetadravyaM gaMdhAdi tu paricchinatti tAdRgadRSTavizeSasya netroM ke aprApyakArIpana ko sAdhane vAle Agama kA bAdhArahitapanA asiddha hai| aisI dUsaroM kI sazaMka ceSTA ko dikhalAkara granthakAra use dUSita karate hue agrima vArtika kahate haiM - netra ko yadi aprApyakArI mAnA jAegA to dUradezavartI yA bhUta, bhaviSyat kAlavartI viprakRSTa arthoM kA netra dvArA grahaNa karane kA prasaMga AegA, jaise ki aprApyakArI mana indriya se dUra deza ke aura kAlAMtarita padArthoM kA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| arthAt - netroM ko viSaya ke sAtha sambandha ho jAne kI jaba AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai to sumeruparvata, svayaMprabhadIpa yA rAma, rAvaNa Adi kA cAkSuSa pratyakSa ho jAnA caahie| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra netra ke aprApyakArIpana meM jisa vidvAn dvArA ukta prasaMga prApta honA bAdhaka kahA jAtA hai, usake yahA~ ghrANa, sparzana Adi indriyoM ke prApyakArIpana anusAra prApta paramANu ke gaMdha, rasa, sparza ke bhI grahaNa ho jAne kA prasaMga kyoM nahIM bAdhaka hogA? nAsikA Adi ke prApyakArIpana meM isa bAdhaka kI bhalA kisake dvArA bAdhA uThAyI jA sakatI hai? // 70-71 // arthAt ghrANa Adi indriyA~ prApyakArI haiM unase paramANu meM sthita gaMdha Adi kA grahaNa honA caahie| isameM bAdhaka kauna hai? . yadi vaizeSika kaheM ki sUkSma aura sthUla padArthoM meM sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa indriyoM kI prApti honA yadyapi vizeSatAoM se rahita hai, ekasA hai, phira bhI mahattva pariNAmayukta dravya hI una indriyoM dvArA pratyakSa karane yogya hai| anya sUkSmapadArthoM kI indriyoM dvArA pratyakSa ho jAne kI yogyatA nahIM hai, taba to hama jaina bhI kaha sakate haiM ki cakSu aprApti yadyapi samavahita aura vipRkRSTa padArthoM ke sAtha ekasI hai, koI bheda nahIM hai, to bhI cakSu kI zakti isa prakAra kI hai ki jisase vaha eka dUra artha ko jo ki vidizAoM meM pratimukha par3A nahIM hokara sanmukha sthita hai usako dekhatI hai, anya ayogya atidUra ke viprakRSTa padArthoM ko nahIM dekha sakatI hai| zaktirUpa yogyatA kI sArvatrikatA to mAnanI par3egI ataH aprApti hone para bhI cakSu indriya yogya padArtha kA hI pratyakSa karAtI hai, ayogya arthoM kA nahIM // 72-73 // zaMkA : ajJa jIvoM kI ghrANa Adi indriyA~ to prApta paramANu ke gandha, rasa, sparzoM ko nahIM jAnatI haiM, kintu yogiyoM kI prApyakArI ghrANAdi indriyA~ aNu meM prApta aNuoM kI gandha Adi ko bhI cAroM ora se jAna letI haiN| isa prakAra ke puNyavizeSa kA hama logoM ke pAsa abhAva hai ataH asmad Adi kI bahiHindriyA~ paramANu, vyaNuka ke gandha Adi ko nahIM jAna sakatI haiN| hA~, mahattva, udbhUta, rUpa, anabhibhava
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 354 sadbhAvAdityadRSTavaicitryAttadvijJAnabhAvAbhAvavaicitryaM manyamAnAn pratyAha;samaM cAdRSTavaicitryaM jnyaanvaicitrykaarnnN| syAdvAdinAM pareSAM cetyalaM vAdena tatra naH // 4 // syAdvAdinAmapi hi cakSuraprApyakAri keSAMcidatizayajJAnabhRtAmRddhimatAmasmadAdyagocara viprakRSTasvaviSayaparicchedakaM tAdRzaM tdaavrnnkssyopshmvishesssdbhaavaat| asmadAdInAM tu yathApratIti svArthaprakAzakaM svAnurUpatadAvaraNakSayopazamAditi samamadRSTavaicitryaM jnyaanvaicitrynibNdhnmubhyessaaN| tato na . nayanAprApyakAritvaM bAdhyate kenacit ghrANAdiprApyakAritvavaditi na tadAgamasya bAdhosti yena bAdhako na syAt pakSasya / tadevaM Adi se sahita ho rahe dravya yA usake gaMdha Adi guNoM ko jAna letI haiM, kyoMki usa prakAra ke mahattva aneka dravyavattva Adi se sahita padArthoM ko jAnane kA puNyavizeSa hama sthUladRSTiyoM ke pAsa vidyamAna hai| isa prakAra adRSTa kI vicitratA se una vijJAnoM ke hone, nahIM hone kI vicitratA bana jAtI hai| isa prakAra kahane vAle vaizeSikoM ke prati AcArya mahArAja samAdhAna kahate haiM - puNya pApa (prakaraNa anusAra jJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama, kSaya) rUpa adRSTa kI vicitratA hI tadutpanna jJAna kI vicitratA kA kAraNa hai| yaha bAta hama syAdvAdiyoM ke aura naiyAyika, vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ samAnarUpa se mAna lI gaI hai| isa kAraNa usa prakaraNa meM hamAre vivAda karane se kyA lAbha? arthAt vivAda nahIM karanA caahie|74|| syAdvAdiyoM ke siddhAnta meM bhI niyama se aprApyakArI cakSu kinhIM kinhIM atizayayukta jJAna ko dhArane vAle aura koSTha, dUrAt vilokana Adi Rddhi vAle jIvoM ke jJAnoM ko rokane vAle cAkSuSa pratyakSAvaraNa ke viziSTa kSayopazama kA sadbhAva hone se una viprakRSTa svabhAva vAle svakIya viSayoM kI paricchedaka ho jAtI haiM, jina viSayoM ko asmad Adi jIvoM kI sAmAnya cakSue~ nahIM jAna sakatI haiM arthAt viziSTa kSayopazama hone se vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ yogiyoM kI aura hamAre yahA~ RddhimAna atizaya jJAnI jIvoM kI cakSue~ viprakRSTa padArthoM ko bhI jAna letI haiN| hama tuma Adi sAmAnya jIvoM kI cakSue~ alpa, dUra, avyavahita padArtha ko dekhatI haiM, vaisA pratIti ke anusAra apane viSaya kI prakAzaka apane-apane anurUpa usa cAkSuSapratyakSAvaraNa ke kSayopazama se aprApta artha kA pratyakSa kara letI haiN| vaha cAkSuSapratyakSa apane ko aura svaviSaya ko jAna jAtA hai ataH jJAna kI vicitratA kA kAraNa adRSTavaicitrya donoM vAdI-prativAdiyoM ke yahA~ samAna hai| netroM kA aprApyakArIpanA kisI bhI pramANa se bAdhita nahIM ho pAtA hai arthAt-kisI bhI vAdI ke dvArA bAdhita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, jaise ki nAsikA, rasanA Adi indriyoM kA prApyakArIpanA abAdhita hai| tathA cakSu ko aprApyakArI kahane vAle usa Agama kI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai, jisase ki hamArA Agama pramANa tumhAre cakSu ke prApyakAritva ko siddha karane vAle anumAna kA bAdhaka nahIM ho| sohI kahA hai - cakSu indriya prApti hokara artha kA pariccheda karAne vAlI hai, isa prakAra yaha pratijJAvAkya to pratyakSa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 355 pratyakSeNAnumAnena svAgamena ca baadhitH| pakSaH prAptiparicchedakAri cakSuriti sthitaH // 75 // kAlAtyayApadiSTazca heturbAhyedriyatvataH / ityaprAptArthakAritve ghrANAderiva vAMchite // 76 // ___ na hi pakSasyaivaM pramANabAdhAyAM hetuH pravartamAnaH saadhysaadhnaayaalmtiitkaaltvaadnythaatiprsNgaat|| etena bhautikatvAdisAdhanaM tatra vAritaM / pratyetavyaM pramANena pakSabAdhasya nirNayAt // 77 // prApyakAri cakSu tikatvAtkaraNatvAt ghrANAdivadityatra na kevalaM pakSaH prtykssaadibaadhitH| kAlAtyayApadiSTazceddhetuH puurvvduktH| kiM tInaikAMtikazceti kathayannAha; pramANa aura anumAna pramANa tathA zreSTha yuktipUrNa samIcIna AgamapramANa ke dvArA bAdhita hai| aisI dazA meM vaizeSikoM ke dvArA prayukta kiyA gayA "bAhya indriyapanA hone se" yaha hetu bAdhita hetvAbhAsa hai| arthAt pratyakSa Adi pramANoM ke dvArA cakSu kA aprApyakArIpanA siddha ho jAne para pIche kAla meM vaha hetu prayukta kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra ghrANa Adi ke samAna isa daSTAnta se prApyakAritA ko vAJchAyukta iSTasAdhya karane para kahA gayA bAhya indriyatva hetu bAdhita hai kyoMki pratyakSa, anumAna aura Agama ina tIna pramANoM se cakSu meM aprApyakArIpanA siddha ho cukA hai||75-76|| isa prakAra vaizeSikoM kA pakSa (indriya prApyakArI hai) pramANoM ke dvArA bAdhita ho jAne ke kAraNa pravarttamAna sAdhya ko sAdhane ke lie samartha nahIM hai, kyoMki hetu atIta kAla hai; sAdhanakAla ke bIta jAne para bolA gayA hai| anyathA (pramANoM se aprApyakAritva ke siddha ho jAne para pIche bolA gayA hetu bhI yadi apane sAdhya prApyakArIpana ko siddha karegA to niyata vyavasthAoM kA ullaMghana karanA rUpa) atiprasaMga doSa aayegaa| arthAt - agni zItala hai, sUrya sthira hai, naraka-svarga nahIM hai, dharma-sevana karamA paraloka meM duHkha kA kAraNa hai, ityAdi pratijJAyeM bhI siddha ho jaaeNgii| ... isa ukta kathana se bhautikapanA, karaNapanA Adi hetu bhI usa cakSu ko prApyakAritva sAdhane meM nivAraNa kara diye gaye samajha lene cAhie, kyoMki pramANoM ke dvArA pakSa kI bAdhA ho jAne kA nirNaya ho rahA hai // 77 // . ... vaizeSika : cakSu prApyakArI hai - bhautikapanA, karaNapanA Adi hetu bhI usa cakSu ko prApyakAritva hai-jJapti kA sAdhakatama hone se, ghrANa Adi (nAsikA, rasanA, tvacA, zrotra) ke smaan| vaizeSikoM ke ina anumAnoM meM pakSa (pratijJA) pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se bAdhita hai| itanA hI nahIM apitu pUrva ke bAhya indriyatva hetu ke samAna bhautikatva aura karaNatva hetu kAlAtyayApadiSTa hai| kevala bAdhita hetu hI nahIM smjhnaa| taba . aura kyA samajhA jAe? isakA uttara - apitu ukta hetu vyabhicArI bhI haiN| bhAvArtha : vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu, AkAza, ye pA~ca dravya bhUta padArtha mAne gaye haiN| bahiraMga indriyoM se grahaNa karane yogya vizeSa guNoM ke dhAraka dravya bhUta kahe jAte haiN| inameM pRthvI se ghrANa indriya banatI hai| jala se rasanA indriya upajatI hai| cakSu indriya tejodravya kA vikAra hai| tvacA indriya vAyu kA vivarta hai| zrotra AkAzasvarUpa hai, jabaki bhautika cAra indriyA~ prApyakArI haiM, to cakSu bhI prApyakArI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 356 ayaskAMtAdinA lohamaprApyAkarSatA svyN| anaikAMtikatA heto tikArthasya bAdhyate // 7 // kAyAMtargatalohasya bahirdezasya vkssyte| nAyaskAMtAdinA prAptistatkarairvoktakarmaNi // 79 // yathA kastUrikAdravye viyuktepi pttaaditH| tatra saugaMdhyataH prAptistaddhANubhiriSyate // 8 // ayaskAMtANubhiH kaizcittathA lohepi sessytaaN| vibhaktepi tatastatrAkRSTyAdedRSTitastadA // 81 // ityayuktamayaskAMtamaprAptaM prati darzanAt / lohAkRSTeH pariprAptAstadaMzAstu na jAtucit // 82 // .. yathA kastUrikAdyarthaM gNdhaadiprmaannvH| svAdhiSThAnAbhimukhyena tAn nayaMti pttaadigaaH||83|| tathAyaskAMtapASANaM sUkSmabhAgAzca lohgaaH| ityAyAtamitoprAptAyaskAMto lohakarmakRt // 84 // honI caahie| ghrANa Adi ke samAna cakSu bhI jJAna kA kAraNa hai| isa prakAra vaizeSika kA kathana va anumAna pakSa pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se bAdhita hai tathA anaikAntika bhI hai| isI kA samarthana karate hue jainAcArya kahate ___ lohe ko svayaM prApta na hokara dUra se AkarSaNa karane vAle ayaskAMta yA cumbaka Adi ke dvArA hetu kA vyabhicArIpanA hai ata: bhautika artha kA prApyakArIpanA bAdhita ho jAtA hai||78|| . zarIra ke antargata va bAhara deza meM rakhe hue lohe kA ayaskAMta, cumbaka pASANa Adi ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hai, tathApi ukta AkarSaNa kriyA karane vAle una ayaskAMta Adi kI kiraNoM ke dvArA prApta lohe ke sAtha sambandha prApta hotA hai, isakA varNana Age kreNge| ata: bhautikatva hetu vyabhicArI hai // 79 // . paTa, patra Adi se kastUrI, itra Adi dravya ke viyukta hone para bhI una paTa Adi meM sugandhapanA ho jAne ke kAraNa, jaise una kastUrI Adi kI phailI huI gandhAdi ke dvArA paramANuoM ke sAtha prApti iSTa hai, usI prakAra lohe meM bhI ayaskAMta cumbaka kI kinhIM-kinhIM aNuyeM yA choTe-choTe skandhoM ke sAtha prApti mAna lenI caahie| tabhI to usa cumbaka se vibhakta hote hue bhI lohe meM usa samaya AkarSaNa Adi karma dekhe jAte haiN| bhAvArtha : kastUrI Adi kI gandha kucha dUra par3e hue vastra Adi meM bhI isa sugandhita padArthoM ke sUkSma . skandhoM kA sambandha hone se suvAsanA utpanna ho jAtI hai| usI ke samAna cumbaka pASANa ke phailane vAle choTe-choTe skandhoM dvArA loha kI prApti ho jAne para hI lohe kA AkarSaNa ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kisI prativAdI kA kahanA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki dUra se kheMcane vAle, asambandhita, ayaskAMta cumbaka ke prati loha kA AkarSaNa dekhA jAtA hai| cAroM ora meM kisI bhI ora se prApta usa ayaskAMta ke aMza to kabhI bhI nahIM dekhe jAte haiN|80-81-82|| jisa prakAra gandhadravya Adi ke paramANu meM vA choTe skandha apane AdhArabhUta gandhavAn padArtha kI hI abhimukhatA se paTa Adika meM prApta kastUrI Adi artha ko una paTa Adi meM le jAte haiM arthAt sugandha Adi ke sUkSma avayava dUra par3e hue bhI sugandhitadravya ko paTa Adi ke sAtha jor3a dete haiM, usI prakAra loha meM prApta choTe-choTe bhAga ayaskAMta pASANa meM prasiddha nahIM hai| ataH siddha hotA hai ki loha ke sAtha asambandhita ayaskAMta pASANa loha ke AkarSaNa karma ko kara rahA hai||83-84|| bhAvArtha : kastUrI ke paramANuoM kI apane adhiSThAna ke anusAra vastra meM prApti hotI dekhI jAtI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 357 nanu yathA harItakI prApya malamaMgAdvirecayati tathAyaskAMtaparamANavaH zarIrAMtargataM zalyaM prApyAkarSati zarIrAditi manyamAnaM pratyAha;prAptA harItakI zaktA kartuM malavirecanaM / malaM na punarAnetuM harItakyaMtaraM prati // 85 // tarhi yathAnanAnnirgato vAyuH padmanAlAdigaH prApya pAnIyamAnanaM pratyAkarSati tathAyaskAMtAMtaragAH paramANavo bahiravasthitAyaskAMtAvayavino nirgatAH prApya lohaM taM pratyevAkarSatIti zaMkamAnaM pratyAha;AkarSaNaprayatnena vinaannkRtaanilH| padmanAlAdigoMbhAMsi nAkarSati mukhaM prati // 86 // tarhi puruSaprayatnanirapekSA yathAdityarazmayaH prApya bhUgataM toyaM tameva prati nayaMti tathAyaskAMtaparamANavopItyabhimanyamAnaM pratyAha;sUryAMzavo nayaMtyaMbhaH prApya tatsUryamaMDalaM / citrabhAnutviSo nAstamiti svecchopakalpitam // 87 // hai| kintu cumbaka ke sUkSma bhAgoM kA apane adhiSThAna ke Azrita hokara nikaTa jAnA pratIta nahIM hotA hai| ataH aprApyakArI mana ke samAna cakSu indriya aprApyakArI hai| jisa prakAra bar3I harar3a peTa meM jAkara zarIra ke sabhI aMga-upAMgoM se mala kA vizeSarUpa se recana karA detI hai, usI prakAra cumbaka pASANa ke paramANu bhI sambandha ko prApta hokara zarIra ke bhItara praviSTa huI suI, kIla ko zarIra ke bAhara khIMca lete haiM, sparza kiye binA nahIM khIMcate haiN| isa prakAra kahane vAle prativAdI ke prati AcArya kahate haiM - taba to mukha se nikala cukI vAyu jaise kamalanAla Adi meM prApta jala ko mukhadvAra ke prati AkarSaNa karatI hai, usI prakAra ayaskAMta ke antaraMga paramANu yA cumbaka aura lohe ke antarAla meM par3e hue cumbaka paramANu hI bAhara sthira ho rahe ayaskAMta avayavI se nikalate hI zarIra ke bhItara lohe ko prApta hokara usa lohe ko cumbaka avayavI ke prati khIMca lete haiN| isa prakAra zaMkA karane vAle ke prati AcArya kahate haiM - ___ mukha se kI gayI vAyu kamalanalI Adi meM prApta vAyu AkarSaNa prayatna ke binA jala ko mukha ke prati nahIM khIMca sakatI hai| arthAt cakSu ke aprApyakAritva ko siddha karane meM syAdvAdiyoM kI ora se diye gae ayaskAMta dRSTAnta ko padmanAla kI vAyu kA dRSTAnta dekara bigAr3anA ThIka nahIM hai| athavA bhautikatva hetu kA ayaskAMta karake hue vyabhicAra doSa kA nivAraNa yavanAla kI vAyu se nahIM ho sakatA hai||86|| ... sUrya kI kiraNeM puruSa ke prayatna kI apekSA ke binA pRthvI meM prApta jala ko sUrya ke prati hI le jAtI haiM, usI prakAra ayaskAMta ke paramANu bhI prApta hokara loha ko apane nikaTa khIMca lete haiN| isa prakAra mAnane vAle prativAdI ke prati AcArya uttara kahate haiM - sUrya kI kiraNeM pRthvI para nIce utarakara, jala ko prApta hokara, phira usa sambandhita jala ko sUrya maMDala ke prati prApta karAtI haiM, kintu ve sUrya kiraNeM astAcala ko prApta sUryamaMDala ke prati jala ko nahIM prApta karAtI haiN| yaha to apanI icchA se upakalpita kiyA gayA vijJAna hai| sUrya kiraNeM aprApta hokara bhI jala
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 358 ni:pramANakamudAharaNamAzrityAyaskAMtasya prApyakAritvaM vyavasthApayankathaM na svecchAkArI? tadAgamAtsiddhamiti cena, tasya pratyAgamena sarvatra dRSTeSTAviruddhena pramANatAmAtmasAtkurvatA pratihatatvAt svayaM yuktyananugRhItasya pramANatvAnabhyupagamAcca na tatastatsiddhiH yatoyaskAMtasya prApyakAritvasiddhau tenAnaikAMtikatvaM bhautikatvasya na syaat|| tathaiva karaNatvasya manasA vybhicaaritaa| maMtreNa ca bhujaMgAdhuccATanAdikareNa vA // 8 // zabdAtmano hi maMtrasya prAptina bhujgaadinaa| manAgAvartamAnasya dUrasthena pratIyate // 89 // ko sUryamaMDala kI ora gurutvIya zakti ke anusAra khIMca letI haiM ata: ukta prativAdiyoM kI ora se diye gae dRSTAnta hamAre aprApyakArIpana ke anukUla hI par3ate haiM, kyoMki dUravartI aprApta padArtha kA pratibimba darpaNa le. letA hai tathaiva cakSu bhI ayaskAMta pASANa ke samAna aprApyakArI hai||87|| aprAmANika udAharaNoM kA Azraya lekara ayaskAMta cumbaka ke prApyakArIpana kI vyavasthA karane vAlA vRddha vaizeSika icchApUrvaka kArya ko karane vAlA kyoM nahIM hai? Agama se cumbaka pASANa kA prApyakArIpanA siddha hai, aisA bhI kahanA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki, tumhAre ayukta ke pratikUla aura pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANoM se sarvatra aviruddha hone ke kAraNa pramANapane ko apane adhIna karane vAle zreSTha Agama ke dvArA usa vaizeSikoM ke Agama kA pUrva prakaraNa meM pratighAta kara diyA gayA hai kyoMki jo Agama svayaM yuktiyoM se anugRhIta nahIM hai usako pramANa svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai| __ ata: una harDa, mukhavAyu, sUryakiraNa Adi dRSTAntoM se usa cakSu ke prApyakArIpana kI siddhi nahIM ho pAtI hai, jisase ki ayaskAMta kA prApyakArIpanA siddha ho jAne para usa ayaskAMta ke dvArA bhautikatvahetu kA anaikAntika hetvAbhAsapanA nahIM ho sakatA hai| arthAt bhautikatva hetu ayaskAMta karake vyabhicArI hai| sabhI paudgalika padArtha prApta hokara hI AkarSaNa Adi kriyAoM ko karate haiM, yaha Agraha prazasta nahIM hai| tIrthaMkara ke janma kalyANaka ke samaya dUravartI aneka sthAnoM para ghaMTanAda, siMhanAda, Asanakampa Adi hone laga jAte haiN| ___ isI prakAra karaNatva hetu kA bhI mana ke dvArA aura sarpa Adi ke uccATana, nirviSIkaraNa, vazIkaraNa Adi ko karane vAle maMtrI ke dvArA vyabhicArIpanA AtA hai| arthAt-bhautikatva hetu ke samAna karaNatva hetu bhI mana aura maMtra karake vyabhicArI hai|88| thor3A sA bhI parivartana nahIM karane vAle zabdasvarUpa maMtra kI dUradeza meM sthita sarpa Adi ke sAtha prApti mAnanA bhI pratIta nahIM ho rahA hai // 89 // arthAt zabda rUpa maMtra bhujaMgAdi ko prApta hue binA bhI viSa ko dUra karane meM samartha haiN| cakSu dRzyaviSaya ke sAtha sambandha kara usakA cAkSuSa pratyakSa karAne vAlI hai, churikA Adi ke samAna
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 359 prApyakAri cakSuH karaNatvAddAtrAdivadityatrApyaMzata: sarvAn pratyudyotakareNokto heturanaikAMtiko manasA maMtreNa ca sarpAdyAkRSTikAriNA pratyeyaH pakSazca pramANabAdhitaH puurvvt|| tadevaM cakSuSaH prApyakAritve nAsti sAdhanaM / manasazca tatastAbhyAM vyaMjanAvagrahaH kutaH // 10 // yatra karaNatvamapi cakSuSi prApyakAritvasAdhanAya nAlaM ca tatrAnyatsAdhanaM dUrotsAritameveti manovadaprApyakAri cakSuH siddhN| tatazca na cakSurmanobhyAM vyaMjanasyAvagraha iti vyvtisstthte|| dUre zabdaM zRNomIti vyavahArasya drshnaat| zrotramaprApyakArIti kecidAhustadapyasat // 91 // . dUre jighrAmyahaM gaMdhamiti vyvhRtiikssnnaat| ghrANasyAprApyakAritvaprasaktiriSTahAnitaH // 12 // karaNapanA hone se| isa prakAra ke yahA~ anumAna meM eka-eka aMza se sabhI indriyoM ke prati yA sampUrNa vAdiyoM ke prati vaizeSikoM ke udyotakara vidvAna ke dvArA kathita karaNatva hetu mana aura sarpa Adi kA AkarSaNa karane vAle maMtra se vyabhicArI hai, aisA vizvAsapUrvaka nirNaya kara lenA caahie| mana aura maMtra donoM prApta nahIM hokara dUra se hI kArya karate rahate haiN| udyotakara paMDita ke isa anumAna kA pakSa pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama pramANoM se bAdhita bhI hai| jaise ki pahale bAhya indriyatva hetu dvArA uThAyA gayA anumAna bAdhAgrasta kara diyA gayA isa prakAra cakSu aura mana kA prApyakArIpanA siddha karane meM naiyAyika yA vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ koI samIcIna jJApaka hetu nahIM hai| mana ke prApyakArIpana ko to ve prathama se hI iSTa nahIM karate haiM ataH una cakSu aura mana se vyaMjanAvagraha kaise ho sakatA hai? arthAt - kathamapi nhiiN| ata: "na cakSuranindriyAbhyAm" - yaha sUtra yukta hai||90|| jahA~ cakSu ke prApyakAritva ko sAdhane meM vaizeSikoM dvArA diyA gayA karaNatva hetu bhI cakSu meM prApyakAritva ko sAdhane ke lie samartha nahIM hai, to phira vahA~ koI anya dUsare bhautikatva, bAhya indriyatva viprakRSTArthagrAhakatva hetu to dUra se hI nikAla diye gae haiM ata:mana ke samAna cakSu indriya bhI aprApyakArI siddha hai| ataH cakSu aura mana ke dvArA aspaSTa vyaMjanAvagraha nahIM ho pAtA hai| isa prakAra sUtra nirdoSa vyavasthita ho jAtA hai| ... dUra kSetra meM sthita zabda ko 'maiM suna rahA hU~'- isa prakAra vyavahAra ke dekhane se zrotra indriya aprApyakArI hai| isa prakAra kisI mImAMsaka kA kahanA bhI satya nahIM hai, kyoMki dUra deza meM sthita gandha ko 'maiM sUMgha rahA huuN|' isa prakAra kA vyavahAra bhI dekhA jAtA hai ata:mana nAsikA ko aprApyakArIpanA siddha ho jAne kA prasaMga AvegA to iSTa siddhAnta kI hAni ho jAegI kyoMki, nAsikA kA aprApyakArIpanA to vAdI prativAdI donoM ko hI abhISTa nahIM hai|91-92|| prakRSTa gandha ke adhiSThAnabhUta kisI dUravartI prApta dravya kA sambandha ho jAne para dUrapane se usa prakAra
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 360 gaMdhAdhiSThAnabhUtasya dravyaprAptasya ksycit| dUratvena tathA vRttau vyavahArotra cennRNAm // 13 // samaM zabde samAdhAnamiti yatkiMcanedRzaM / codyaM mImAMsakAdInAmaprAtItikavAdinAm / / 94 // kuTyAdivyavadhAnepi zabdasya shrvnnaadydi| zrotramaprApyakArISTaM tathA ghrANaM tatheSyatAM // 15 // dravyAMtaritagaMdhasya ghrAtasUkSmasya tasya cet / ghrANaprAptasya saMvittiH zrotraprAptasya no dhvaneH // 16 // . yathA gaMdhANavaH kecicchaktAH kuTyAdibhedane / sUkSmAstathaiva naH siddhAH pramANadhvanipudgalAH // 17 // pudgalapariNAmaH zabdo bADeMdriyaviSayatvAt gaMdhAdivadityAdi pramANasiddhAH zabdapariNatapudgalAH ityagre smrthyissyaamhe| te ca gaMdhapariNatapudgalavat kuTyAdikaM bhitvA sveMdriyaM prApnuvaMtaH paricchedyA iti na ke jJAna kI pravRtti ho jAtI hai, aura vaisA hone para manuSyoM ke isa gandha meM dUravartI gandha ko jAna lene kA vyavahAra ho jAtA hai| arthAt mUla prakRSTa gandhayukta dravya kI gandha se suvAsita paudgalika padArtha kA sambandha hone para hI ghrANa indriya sUMghatI hai| isa prakAra kahane para zabda meM bhI vahI samAdhAna sadRza hai, kyoMki pratIti ke anusAra nahIM kahane vAle mImAMsaka, vaizeSika Adi ke dvArA jo koI bhI prazna uThAye jAeMge, unakA samAdhAna gandhadravya ke dRSTAnta se kara diyA jAegA athavA zrotra para diye gae zaMkA samAdhAna usI ke samAna ghrANa indriya para bhI lAgU ho jAte haiM / / 93-94 // . bhIti Adi ke vyavadhAna hone para bhI zabda kA zravaNa hotA hai ataH zrotra ko yadi aprApyakArI iSTa kiyA jAtA hai, taba to usI prakAra nAsikA indriya ko bhI aprApyakArI iSTa kara lenA cAhie arthAt bhIti aura prAsAda paMktiyoM kA vyavadhAna hote hue bhI gaMdha sUMgha lI jAtI hai| bhIti Adi se vyavahita gandhayukta sUkSma dravya kA ghrANa ke sAtha sambandha hone se samvitti hotI hai arthAt jo sUMghe jA cuke haiM, ve gandhadravya ke cAroM ora phaile hue sUkSma aMza hI haiN| kucha bhIti, chappara unakA vyavadhAna nahIM kara sakate haiN| isa prakAra to hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ bhI karNaindriya ke sAtha sambandhita zabda kA hI zrAvaNapratyakSa kahA jAtA hai| prathama hI dUra pradeza meM utpanna hue zabda kI paudgalika lahareM phailatI-phailatI kAna ke nikaTa A jAtI haiM ata: gandha aNuoM ke samAna sUkSma zabdapudgala bhI pramANoM se siddha haiN| gandha aura zabda para zaMkA-samAdhAna eka sA hai| jisa prakAra kitanI hI gaMdha paramANu bhIMta Adi ko chedane-bhedane meM samartha hai, usI prakAra hama syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ zabdasvarUpa sUkSma pudgala bhI pramANoM se siddha hai|95-96-97|| zabda pudgala kA pariNAma hai, gandha, rasa Adi ke samAna bAhya indriya kA viSaya hone se; ityAdi pramANoM se yaha bAta siddha ho jAtI hai ki pudgala dravya hI zabda svarUpa pariNata hue haiN| isa siddhAnta ko agrima pA~caveM adhyAya meM aura bhI vistAra ke sAtha samarthana kareMge tathA ve sUkSma zabda pudgala padArtha to gandhasvarUpa pariNata pudgala dravya ke samAna bhIti Adi ko bhedakara apane ko pratyakSa karane vAlI karNa indriya ko prApta hone para hI jAnane yogya haiN| ataH aprApta pudgaloM kA zrotra indriya se grahaNa nahIM hotA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 361 teSAmaprAptAnAmiMdriyeNa grhnnN| kathaM mUrtAH skaMdhAH zrAvaNasvabhAvAH kuTyAdinA mUrtimatA na pratihanyate iti cet, tavApi vAyavIyA dhvanayaH zabdAbhivyaMjakAH kathaM te na pratihanyate iti samAnaM codyN| tatpratighAte tatra zabdasyAbhivyakterayogAdanabhivyaktasya ca zravaNAsaMbhavAdapratighAtaH tasya kuTyAdinA siddhastadaMtaritasya zravaNAnyathAnupapatteriti cet , tata eva zabdAtmanAM pudgalAnAmapratighAtostu dRDhaparihArAt / dRSTo hi gaMdhAtmapudgalAnAmapratighAtastadvacchabdAnAM na virudhyate / yadi punaramUrtasya sarvagatasya ca zabdasya parikalpanAttavyaMjakAnAmevApratighAtAt zravaNamityabhinivezaH tathA gandhasyAmUrtasya kastUrikAdidravyavizeSasaMyogajanitAvayavA vyaMjakAmUrtadravyAMtareNApratihatAstathA ghrANahetavaH iti "rasa Adi yukta mUrta paudgalika zabda hI karNa indriya se sunane yogya svabhAva ke dhAraka mUrtimAn bhIti Adi ke dvArA pratighAta ko prApta kyoM nahIM hote haiM? isa prakAra mImAMsakoM kI ora se prazna hone para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki tumhAre yahA~ bhI zabda ko abhivyakta karane vAlI aura vAyu kI banI huI ve mUrtadhvaniyA~ bhIti Adi ke dvArA pratighAta ko kyoM nahIM prApta ho jAtI haiM? hamAre samAna tumhAre Upara bhI prazna vaisA hI khar3A rahatA hai| vAyu nirmita una dhvaniyoM kA bhIti Adi se yadi pratighAta honA mAnA jAtA hai to usa bhitti ke dvArA vyavahita pradeza meM prathama se vidyamAna nitya, vyApaka zabda kI abhivyakti ho jAne kA yoga nahIM bana sakegA aura aisA hone se aprakaTa zabda kA karNa indriya dvArA sunanA asambhava ho jAegA, ataH usa vAyu racita dhvani kA bhitti Adi ke dvArA pratighAta nahIM honA arthApatti se siddha hai, kyoMki una bhIti Adi se vyavahita zabda kA sunA jAnA anyathA (vyaMjaka vAyuoM kA apratighAta hue binA) nahIM bana skegaa| isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usI prakAra bhIti ke bhItara zabda kA sunA jAnA anyathA ' (zabda kA apratighAta huye binA) asambhava hai| ata: zabdasvarUpa pudgaloM kA bhIti Adi ke sAtha apratighAta hai, aisA mAnane para hI usa zaMkA kA dRr3ha rUpa se parihAra ho sakatA hai| gandha svarUpa pudgaloM kA bhI bhIti Adi ke dvArA pratighAta nahIM hotA huA dekhA gayA hai ataH gandhapudgaloM ke samAna una zabda pudgaloM kA bhI bhIti Adi ke dvArA pratighAta nahIM honA viruddha nahIM par3atA hai arthAt yukta hI hai| ___ yadi phira mImAMsaka kahe ki hamAre yahA~ zabda sarva vyApaka aura amUrta hai ataH zabda ke vyaMjaka vAyuoM hI ke apratighAta (aroka) ho jAne se zabdoM kA zravaNa ho jAtA hai to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke dvArA siddhAnta kalpita karane para to amUrta gandha ke bhI kastUrI Adi dravya vizeSoM ke saMyoga se utpanna hue avayava hI vyaMjaka haiM aura usa prakAra anya mUrta dravyoM se apratighAta ko prApta gandha ke sUMghe jAne meM nAsikA ke sahakArI kAraNa haiN| arthAt isa prakAra zabda ke samAna gandha ko bhI amUrta, vyApaka mAna liyA jaaegaa| dhvani ke samAna gandha vyaMjaka padArthoM kA hI jAnA-AnA kalpita kiyA jA sakatA hai| koI rokane vAlA nahIM hai| usakA nirAkaraNa kaise ho sakatA hai?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 362 kalpanAnuSajyamAnA kathaM nivAraNIyA ? gaMdhasyaivaM pRthivIguNatvavirodha iti cet zabdasyApi pudgalatvavirodhastathA paraiH zabdasya dravyAMtaratvenAbhyupagamAdadoSa iti cettathA gaMdhopi dravyAMtaramabhyupagamyatAM pramANabalAyAtasya parihartumazakte : / sparzAdInAmapyevaM dravyAMtaratvaprasaMga iti cet , tAnyapi dravyAMtarANi saMtu / nirguNatvAtteSAmadravyatvamiti cet , tata eva zabdasya dravyatvaM mAbhUt mahattvAdiguNAzrayatvAt zabde dravyatvamiti cettat eva gaMdhasparzAdInAM dravyatvamastu / teSUpacaritamahattvAdaya iti cet zabdepyupacaritAH sNtu| kutaH zabdena gandha ko amUrta, vyApaka mAnane para to gandha ko pRthvI kA guNapanA kahane kA virodha hogaa| arthAt naiyAyikoM ne gandha ko pRthvI kA guNa mAnA hai ata: ve gandha ko amUrta yA vyApaka nahIM kaha sakate haiN| mImAMsaka ke aisA kahane para to hama jaina kaheMge ki isa prakAra zabda ko bhI amUrta vyApaka mAnane para pudgalapane kA virodha hogaa| arthAt zabda ko paudgalikapanA jaba hama jainoM ke yahA~ siddha ho cukA hai, to mImAMsaka zabda ko amUrta aura vyApaka kaise mAna sakeMge? isa para mImAMsaka kaheM ki isa prakAra dUsare vidvAnoM ne yAnI hama mImAMsakoM ne zabda ko bhinna dravyapane se svIkAra kara liyA hai ataH vaizeSikoM ke dvArA pRthak siddhAnta mAna lene para hama para doSa nahIM AtA hai| gandha ko pRthvI kA guNa yA zabda ko AkAza kA guNa mAnane vAle vaizeSikoM ke yahA~ bhale hI koI doSa AtA ho, hameM kyA? isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke kahane para syAdvAdI kaha dete haiM ki isa prakAra gandha bhI eka bhinna dravya svIkAra kara liyA jAe; usameM koI doSa nahIM AtA hai? pramANa kI sAmarthya se Agata padArtha kA parihAra kevala svecchApUrvaka niSedha kara dene se hI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa para mImAMsaka yadi kaheM ki aisA mAnane para sparza, rasa Adi ko bhI nyArA-nyArA dravyapanA ho jAne kA prasaMga aaegaa| hama syAdvAdI kahate haiM ki ve sparza Adi bhI nyAre-nyAre dravya ho jAe~; koI kSati nahIM hai| arthAt guNa aura dravya kA kathaMcit tAdAtmya hai ataH dravya ke svarUpa to guNoM meM bhI lAgU ho sakate haiN| pudgala ke guNa bhI mUrta kahe jAte haiN| guNoM meM punaH dUsare guNa nahIM rahate haiM ata: guNa rahita hone ke kAraNa una sparza, rasa Adi guNoM meM dravyapanA ghaTita nahIM hotA hai, isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki usI prakAra zabda ko bhI dravyapanA ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA hai| zabda ko bhI to vaizeSikoM ne rUpa, rasa Adi ke samAna AkAza kA guNa mAnA hai| anya guNoM kA AdhAra nahIM hone se vaha bhI dravya nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi mahattva, sthUlatva Adi guNoM kA AzrayapanA ho jAne se zabdoM meM dravyapanA mAnoge taba to usI prakAra gandha, sparza Adi ko bhI dravyapanA honA caahie| mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki una gandha, uSNa sparza Adi meM to upacAra se prApta mahattva, sthUlatva Adi guNa kalpita kara liye gaye haiN| arthAt - vastuta: uSNadravya yA gandhadravya hI mahAn yA sthUla haiM, unakI sthUlatA, mahattA hI samavetatva yA ekArthasamavAya sambandha se guNa meM Aropita kara lI jAtI hai| taba to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki zabda meM bhI mahattva Adi guNa vastuta: nahIM mAnane cAhie, upacAra se Aropita karanA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 363 tadupacAra iticet gaMdhAdiSu kutaH ? svAzrayamahattvAditi cet tata eva zabdasya dravyaMtva mAbhUt mahattvAdiguNAzrayatvAt zabde dravyamiti cettat eva zabdepi mukhymhttvaadersNbhvH| zabde kimavagataH ? tvayApi gaMdhAdau sa kimu nishcitH| gaMdhAdayo na mukhyamahattvAdyupetAH zazvadasvataMtratvAdabhAvavadityatonumAnAttadasaMbhavo nizcita iti cet , tata eva zabdepi sa nizcIyatAM / zabde tadasiddherna tannizceyaH sarvadA tasya svataMtrasyopalabdheriti cet gaMdhAdAvapi tata eva tdsiddheH| kutastu tannizcayaH tasya kSityAdidravyataMtratvena pratIterasvataMtratvasiddhiriti prazna : zabda meM kisa hetu se una mahattva Adi kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai? uttara : jainAcArya bhI mImAMsakoM se pUchate haiM ki gandha, sparza Adi meM mahattva Adi guNoM ke rahane ke upacAra kA nimitta kyA hai? yadi kaho ki apane AdhArabhUta dravyoM ke mahattva se Adheya gandha Adi meM bhI mahattva upacarita ho jAtA hai, taba to zabda meM bhI apane AdhAra pudgala ke mahattva se mahattva upacarita kara liyA jAtA hai AdhAra ke dharma Adheya meM A jAte haiN| zabda meM mukhya mahattva, sthUlatva Adi kA asaMbhavapanA kaise jAna liyA hai, jisase ki jaina zabda meM mahattva Adi ko mukhya rUpa se nahIM mAnakara upacAra se mAna rahe haiM? mImAMsakoM ke isa prazna ke pratyuttara meM jaina pUchate haiM ki kyA mImAMsakoM ne bhI gaMdha Adi meM vaha mukhya mahattva Adi kA abhAva nizcita kara liyA hai? jisase ki gandha, sparza Adi meM upacarita mahattva Adi guNoM ko mAnate haiN| isa para mImAMsaka anumAna banAkara kahate haiM ki gandha Adi guNa mukhyarUpa se mahattva, hrasvatva Adi guNoM se yukta nahIM haiM, sarvadA svataMtra nahIM hone se, jaise ki abhAva pdaarth| isa anumAna se parAdhIna gandha Adi meM una mukhya mahattva Adi kA asaMbhava nizcita kara liyA gayA hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra zabda meM bhI mukhyarUpa se mahattva Adi kA asambhava nirNIta kara liyA gayA hai| zabda bhI sarvadA parataMtra hone ke kAraNa abhAva ke saMmAna hotA huA mukhya mahattva Adi ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sktaa| . sadA parataMtrapanA hetu zabda meM nahIM rahatA hai, ata: pakSa meM nahIM rahane vAle usa svarUpAsiddha hetu se mahattva Adi guNoM kA mukhyarUpa se nahIM rahanA zabda meM nizcaya karane yogya nahIM hai, kyoMki sadA hI svataMtra hokara rahane vAle usa zabda kI upalabdhi ho rahI hai| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki gandha, sparza Adi meM bhI hetu kI asiddhi ho jAne se usa mukhya mahattva ke asambhava kI siddhi nahIM ho skegii| arthAt gandha Adi guNa bhI to svaMtatra dIkha rahe haiN| puna: mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki una gandha Adi kI svataMtra upalabdhi hone kA nizcaya kaise ho sakatA hai? kyoMki gandha Adi to sadA pRthvI Adi dravyoM ke adhIna pratIta hote haiM ataH asvataMtrapanA hetu gandha, sparza Adi meM to siddha hotA hai| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki zabda kI upalabdhi bhI vaktA, bherI Adi dravyoM kI adhInatA se hotI hai ata: asvataMtrapana hetu kI zabda meM siddhi ho jAne para zabda meM mukhya rUpa se mahattvaguNa nahIM Thahara sakatA hai| gandha Adi ke samAna upacAra se hI mahattva Adi raha sakate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 364 cet zabdasyApi vaktR bheryaadidrvytNtrsyoplbdhrsvtNtrtvsiddhrstu| tasya tadabhivyaMjaka dhvaninibaMdhanatvAttaMtratvopalabdheriti cet tarhi vityAdidravyasyApi gaMdhAdivyaMjakavAyuvizeSanibaMdhanatvAttu gaMdhAdestaMtratvopapatti : / zabdasya vakturanyatropalabdherna taMtratvaM sarvadeti cet gaMdhAderapi kastUrikAdidravyAdanyatropalaMbhAttatparataMtratvaM sarvadA maabhuut| tatonyatrApi sUkSmadravyAzritA gaMdhAdayaH pratIyate iti cet zabdopi tAlvAdibhyo'nyatra sUkSmapudgalAzrita eva zrUyata iti kathamiva svataMtraH / tadAzrayadravyasya cakSuSopalabdhi: syAditi cet gaMdhAdyAzrayasya kiM na syAt? sUkSmatvAditi cet tata eva zabdAzraya dravyasyApi usa zabda kI abhivyakti karane meM dhvanirUpa vAyu ko kAraNapanA hone se usa zabda ko vAyu kI parAdhInatA kI upalabdhi hai ataH vastutaH zabda svataMtra hai| isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki pRthvI, jala, agni Adi dravyoM ko bhI gandha, sparza Adi ke vyaMjaka vAyu vizeSoM kA kAraNapanA hone se gandha Adi ko una pRthvI Adi kI. parAdhInatA hai| vAstava meM gandha, sparza Adi sadA svataMtra haiN| vaktA ke deza se anya dezoM meM bhI vaktA ke zabdoM kI upalabdhi hone se zabda parataMtra nahIM hai| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kahane para to gandha, sparza Adi kI bhI kastUrI, agni, itra Adi dravyoM ke deza se anya dezoM meM upalabdhi hotI hai ata: gandha Adi bhI una kastUrI Adi ke sadA parAdhIna nahIM hai| aisI dazA hone para gandha Adi meM mukhya mahattva Adi guNoM kA abhAva sAdhane ke lie diyA gayA asvataMtrapanA hetu asiddha ho jAtA hai| usa gaMdhavAle yA sparzavAna dravya ke kSetra se anya sthAnoM meM bhI phaile hue sUkSma dravya ke Azrita gaMdha, sparza Adi pratIta hote haiN| isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke kahane para syAdvAdI kahate haiM ki aise to zabda bhI tAlu, kaNTha, mukha Adi se anya pradezoM meM phaile hue sUkSma pudgaloM ke Azrita sune jAte haiM ataH zabda svataMtra kaise kahe jA sakate haiM? arthAt - gandha ke samAna zabda bhI choTe-choTe pudgala skandhoM ke Azrita hokara dUra taka sunAI par3ate haiM, anyathA nhiiN| usa zabda ke Azrita paudgalika dravya kI cakSuindriya ke dvArA upalabdhi ho jAnI cAhie // arthAt jaise pudgalanirmita ghaTa Adi padArtha cakSu se dIkhate haiM, usI prakAra zabdAzritapudgala bhI A~khoM se dIkhanA caahie| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM kI zaMkA para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki taba to gaMdha Adi ke Azrita pRthvI Adi padArthoM kI bhI cakSu dvArA upalabdhi kyoM nahIM ho jAtI hai? arthAt - gandha vAle yA rasa vAle padArtha meM rUpa to avazya hai hI, phira khulI itra kI zIzI kI dUra taka phailI huI sugandha kA Azraya pRthvI dravya cakSu se kyoM nahIM dIkha jAtA hai? yadi mImAMsaka kahe ki gandha ke Azraya dravya sUkSma hai ataH sthUladarzI jIva kI cakSu se unakI jJapti nahIM ho pAtI hai| to jainAcArya bhI kaha sakate haiM ki zabda ke Azraya pudgaladravya bhI sUkSma hone ke kAraNa cakSu ke dvArA upalabdha nahIM hote haiN| isa prakAra zabda aura gandha Adi meM kie gae sabhI AkSepa aura samAdhAna hamAre tumhAre yahA~ samAna hai, aisA hama dekha rahe haiN| ata: yadi gandha Adika ke "sadA asvataMtrapanA" - isa jJApaka hetu ke dvArA mahattva, hrasvatva Adi se sahitapane kA abhAva siddha kiyA jAtA hai to guNa rahita ho jAne se una gandha Adi ko dravyapanA nahIM bana skegaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 365 na cakSuSopalabdhiriti sarvaM samaM pazyAmaH / tato yadi gaMdhAdInAM zazvadasvataMtratvAnmahattvAdyupetatvAbhAvAdAkhyAto na dravyatvaM tadA zabdasyApi na tt| nanu zabdasyAdravyatvepyasarvagatadravyAzrayatve kathaM sakRtsarvatropalaMbhaH yathA gaMdhAdeH samAnapariNAmabhRtAM pudgalAnAM svakAraNavazAt samaMtato visrpnnaat| vRkSAvyavahitAnAM visarpaNaM kathaM na teSAmiticet , yathA gaMdhadravyaskaMdhAnAM tathA pariNAmAt tadeva gaMdhAdikRtapratividhAnatayA dUrAdekotkaraH zabde samasto nAvataratIti tadvatprAptasyeMdriyeNa grahaNaM nirArekamavatiSThate tathA pratIterityAha; taba zabda ko bhI sadA svataMtra nahIM hone ke kAraNa mukhya mahattva Adi se sahitapanA nahIM bana skegaa| ataeva vaha zabda bhI dravya nahIM ho skegaa| arthAt - donoM meM koI antara nahIM dIkhatA hai| zaMkA : zabda ko adravya hone para asarvagata dravya ke Azraya rahane vAlA mAnoge to eka hI samaya meM sarvatra kosoM taka cAroM ora zabda kA upalambha kaise hogA? samAdhAna : jaise gandha, sparza Adi adravya hote hue aura asarvagata dravya ke Azrita hote hue bhI kucha dUra taka saba ora upalambha ho jAte haiN| eka sA sugandhita yA uSNanAma ke samAna pariNAma ke dhAraka paMktibaddha pudgaloM kA apane-apane kAraNoM ke vaza se dazoM dizAoM meM saba ora se phailanA ho jAtA hai| bhAvArtha : tIvra sugandha, durgandha vAle padArthoM ke nikaTavartI pudgaloM kI vaisI hI sugandha, durgandharUpa pariNati dUra taka hotI jAtI hai| kucha pariNatiyA~ to itanI sUkSma haiM ki indriyA~ unako nahIM jAna pAtI haiN| yahI vyavasthA zabda meM bhI lagA lenA caahie| vaktA ke mukha se zabda ke nikalate hI zabda pariNatiyogya pudgala skandhoM kA saba ora laharoM ke sadRza zabdanAmaka pariNAma ho jAtA hai| jisa jIva ko jitane dUra ke zabda ko sunane kI yogyatA prApta hai, vaha apane kSayopazama anusAra una zabdoM ko suna letA hai| ... vRkSa, parvata Adi se vyavadhAna ko prApta una zabdoM kA phailanA kyoM nahIM hotA hai? athavA vRkSa, bhIti Adi se TakarAkara zabda ko bhI vahIM gira jAnA cAhie, phailanA nahIM caahie| isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke kahane para jainAcArya kahate haiM ki gandhadravya ke skandhoM kA jaise TakarAkara vahIM giranA yA vahIM phailanA athavA phaila jAnA nahIM hotA hai, usI prakAra paudgalika zabda skandhoM kA bhI usa prakAra pariNAma ho jAne se vRkSAdi ke dvArA TakarAkara giranA Adi nahIM hotA hai, apitu visarjana ho jAtA hai| arthAt koI-koI manda zabda manda gandha ke samAna nahIM bhI phaila pAte haiN| nimittoM ke anusAra naimittika bhAva banate haiM ata: isa prakAra paudgalika zabda para kI gaI zaMkA gandha Adi ke lie kie gae mImAMsakoM ke pratividhAnarUpa se uttara ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra samasta zaMkAoM kA puMja zabda meM dUra hI se avatIrNa nahIM ho pAtA hai| arthAt gandha ke uttara se sampUrNa zaMkAe~ dUra pheMka dI jAtI hai ataH usa gandha ke samAna sambandha ko prApta hue hI zabda kA karNa indriya ke dvArA grahaNa honA nisaMzaya pratiSThita hotA hai, kyoMki isa prakAra pratIti ho rahI hai| isI bAta ko granthakAra zrI vidyAnanda AcArya agrima vArtika dvArA spaSTa karate haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *366 tatrArekotkaraH sarvo gaMdhadravye smsthitH| samAdhizzeti na vyAsenAsmAbhirabhidhIyate // 18 // prapaMcato vicAritametadanyatrAsmAbhiriti nehocyte|| zrutaM matipUrvaM vynekdvaadshbhedm|| 20 // kimarthamidamupadiSTaM matijJAnaprarUpaNAnaMtaramityAha;kiM nimittaM zrutajJAnaM kiM bhedaM kiM prabhedakam / parokSamiti nirNetuM zrutamityAdi sUtritam // 1 // usa zabda meM uThAI gayI sampUrNa zaMkAoM kA samUha gandhadravya meM Akara samAnarUpa se upasthita ho jAtA hai aura jo usa gandha dravya kA samAdhAna kiyA jAtA hai, vahI samAdhAna paugalika zabda dravya meM lAgU ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra hamane vistAra ke sAtha isakA kathana nahIM kiyA hai| yahA~ saMkSepa meM hI kiyA hai kyoMki inakA vistArapUrvaka kathana hamane anyatra kiyA hai; yahA~ nahIM kiyA hai| ataH pudgaladravya kI paryAya zabda hai; yaha jagat prasiddha siddhAnta hai||98|| yahA~ taka do parokSa jJAnoM meM se matijJAna kA varNana kara dUsare krama prApta zrutajJAna kA nirUpaNa karane ke lie zrI umAsvAmI mahArAja agrima sUtra kahate haiM - zrutajJAna matijJAna pUrvaka hotA hai, usake do, aneka aura bAraha bheda haiM // 20 // bhAvArtha : zrutajJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se utpanna artha, arthAntara jJAna honA zrutajJAna hai| vaha matipUrvaka hotA hai| usake aMgabAhya aura aMgapraviSTa - ye do bheda haiN| bhagavAna sarvajJa deva rUpI himAcala se nikalI huI vacana rUpI gaMgA ke artharUpI nirmala jala se prakSAlita antaHkaraNa vAle RddhidhArI gaNadharoM dvArA grantharUpa se racita AcAra Adi 12 aMga-aMga praviSTa kahalAte haiN| ArAtIya AcArya kRta, aMga artha ke AdhAra se racita grantha aMgabAhya hai| 'kAlika utkAlika Adi bhedoM se aMgabAhya aneka prakAra kA hai| aMga praviSTa, AcAra, sUtrakRta, sthAna, samavAya, vyAkhyAprajJapti, jJAtRdharmakathA, upAsakAdhyayana, antakRddaza, anuttaropapAdikadaza, praznavyAkaraNa, vipAkasUtra, dRSTivAda-ina bhedoM se bAraha prakAra kA hai| athavA solaha sau cautIsa karor3a, tirAsI lAkha, sAta hajAra, ATha sau aThAsI (16348307888) apunarukta akSaroM kA sampUrNa zruta ke eka kama ekaTThi pramANa akSaroM meM bhAga dene se eka sau bAraha karor3a tirAsI lAkha aThAvana hajAra pA~ca (1128358005) pada to aMgapraviSTa ke haiM aura zeSa ATha karor3a eka lAkha ATha hajAra eka sau picattara akSaroM kA aMga bAhya hai|| ___ matijJAna kA nirUpaNa karane ke avyavahita uttara hI, isa sUtra kA zrI umAsvAmI mahArAja ne kisa prayojana ke lie upadeza kiyA hai? isa prakAra kI jijJAsA kA zrI vidyAnanda AcArya uttara dete haiM - usa parokSa zrutajJAna kA nimitta kAraNa kyA hai? aura zrutajJAna ke bheda kauna aura kitane haiM? tathA parokSa zrutajJAna ke bhedoM ke bhI uttara bheda kitane aura kauna-kauna haiM? isa prakAra kI jijJAsAoM kA nirNaya "zrutaM matipUrvaM vyanekadvAdazabhedam' sUtra dvArA zrI umAsvAmI mahArAja ne nirUpita kiyA hai||1||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 367 _ kiM nimittaM zrutajJAnaM nityazabdanimittamanyanimittaM ceti zaMkAmapanudati matipUrvakamiti vcnaat| kiM bhedaM tat? SaDbhedaM dvibhedamityabhedaM veti saMzayaM sahasraprabhedaM dvAdazaprabhedamanekabhedaM veti cArekAmapAkaroti vyanekadvAdazabhedamiti vcnaat| tatra kimidaM zrutamityAha;zrute'nekArthatAsiddhe jJAnamityanuvartanAt / zravaNaM hi zrutajJAnaM na punaH zabdamAtrakam // 2 // kisa padArtha ko nimittakAraNa mAnakara zrutajJAna utpanna hotA hai? nitya apauruSeya zabda ke nimitta se yA kisI anya nimitta se yA kisI puNya vizeSa yA bhAvanA jJAna se zrutajJAna hotA hai? isa prakAra kI zaMkA kA "matipUrvaM" - isa vacana se nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| arthAt matijJAnasvarUpa nimitta se zrutajJAna utpanna hotA hai| nitya zabda Adi se naimittika zrutajJAna nahIM hotA hai| sUtra ke uttarArddha kA phala yaha hai ki usa zrutajJAna ke kitane bheda haiM? isa prazna ke uttara meM katipaya vidvAn kahate haiM ki zrutajJAna ke chaha bheda haiN| Rgveda, sAmaveda, yajurveda, atharvaveda, dhanurveda, Ayurveda haiN| yA zikSA, vyAkaraNa, kalpa, nirukta, chanda jyotiSa ye veda ke chaha aMga haiN| tIna veda aura tIna upaveda hokara bhI chaha bheda ho jAte haiN| tathA zrutajJAna ke brAhmaNa-bhAga aura maMtra bhAga ye do bheda haiN| athavA advaitavAdiyoM ke anusAra veda kA koI bheda nahIM hai| eka hI prakAra kA brahmapratipAdaka veda hai| aupAdhika bheda mUlapadArtha ko bhinna prakAra kA nahIM kara sakate haiN| isa prakAra ke saMzaya kA "vyanekadvAdazabhedam' ke dvi isa vacana se nivAraNa ho jAtA hai| . arthAt vaha zrutajJAna mUla meM do bheda vAlA hai| usake chaha Adi bheda nahIM haiN| koI-koI mImAMsaka vedoM kI sahasra zAkhAyeM mAnakara veda ke uttara prabheda hajAra mAnate haiN| "sahasrazAkho ved:"| anya koI vyAkaraNa, nyAya, sAhitya, siddhAnta, itihAsa, jyotiSa, maMtra Adi prabhedoM se Agama ke bAraha uttara bheda mAnate haiN| kinhIM vidvAnoM ne anya bhI aneka uttara bheda svIkAra kie haiN| koI aise bhI haiM, jo uttara bhedoM ko mAnate hI nahIM haiN| isa prakAra kI zaMkA kA nirAsa to "vyanekadvAdazabhedam' - isa sUtrArddha ke "anekadvAdazabhedam" vacana se ho jAtA hai| arthAt - zrutajJAna ke do bhedoM ke uttarabheda aneka aura bAraha haiM, nyUna adhika nahIM haiN| isa sUtra meM sthita yaha zruta kyA padArtha hai? isa prakAra kI jijJAsA para zrI vidyAnanda AcArya kahate motho zruta zabda ke aneka artha haiN| zAstra, nirNIta artha zabda Adi katipaya artha sahita siddha hote hue bhI "matizrutAvadhimana: paryayakevalAni jJAnam" - isa sUtra se jJAnam zabda kI anuvRtti cale Ane ke kAraNa bhAvarUpa zravaNa dvArA nirvacana kiyA gayA zruta kA artha zrutajJAna hai| kintu phira kAnoM se sunA gayA kevala zabda hI zruta nahIM hai| arthAt - "zravaNaM zrutaM'- isa prakAra bhAva meM kta pratyaya kara vyutpanna zrutapada jJAna kI anuvRtti hone se rUr3hi ke adhIna hotA huA kisI vizeSajJAna ko kahane vAlA hai||2||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 368 kathamevaM zabdAtmakaM zrutamiha prasiddha siddhAMtavidAmityAha;taccopacArato grAhyaM shrutshbdpryogtH| zabdabhedaprabhedoktaH svayaM tatkAraNatvataH // 3 // tacca zabdamAnaM zrutamiha jJeyamupacArAt vyanekadvAdazabhedamityanena zabdasaMdarbhasya bhedaprabhedayorvacanAt svayaM sUtrakAreNa zrutazabdaprayogAcca / sa hi zrUyatesmeti zrutaM pravacanamityasyeSTArthasya saMgrahArthaH shreyo| nAnyathA spaSTajJAnAbhidhAyinaH zabdasya pryogaarhtvaat| kutaH punarupacAra: ttkaarnntvaat| zrutajJAnakAraNaM hi pravacanaM ____vizeSa jJAna ko yadi zruta kahA jAtA hai to yahA~ isa prakaraNa meM siddhAntavediyoM ke zabdAtmaka zruta kaise prasiddha ho sakatA hai? isa prakAra prazna hone para AcArya kahate haiM ki - mukhyarUpa se zruta kA artha zrutajJAna hai aura upacAra se vaha zabdAtmaka zruta bhI zrutazabda karake grahaNa karane yogya hai| tabhI to zabdoM ke hone vAle do bheda aura aneka yA bAraha prabheda bhagavAna sUtrakAra ne svayaM kaha diye haiN| arthAt - yadi jJAna kA hI grahaNa iSTa hotA to zabda ke hone vAle bheda-prabhedoM kA vacana nahIM kahate, ata: upacAra se zabdAtmaka zruta bhI avazya grAhya hai // 3 // .. bhAvArtha : vaktA ke zrutajJAna kA kArya aura zrotA ke zrutajJAna kA kAraNa hone se zabda bhI zruta kahe jA sakate haiN| tat zrutajJAnaM kAraNaM yasya" athavA "tasya zrutajJAnasya kAraNaM"- isa prakAra bahubrIhi yA tatpurUSa samAja dvArA "tatkAraNaM' kI vyutpatti kara dene se ukta abhiprAya dhvanita ho jAte haiM // 3 // . yahA~ vaha zruta to zabdamAtra hai, vaha upacAra se samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki usa zruta ke do bheda haiM tathA aneka aura bAraha bheda haiN| isa kathana se sUtrakAra ne zabda sambandhI racanA vizeSa ke yahA~.saMbhava bheda-prabhedoM kA kathana kiyA hai| tathA sUtragrantha banAne vAle zrI umAsvAmI mahArAja ne svayaM zrutazabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| arthAt aMgabAhya, aMgapraviSTa yA aneka, bAraha ye bheda-prabheda to zabda ke hI ho sakate haiN| zrutajJAna meM to zabda dvArA ye bheda prabheda upacAra se mAne gae haiM, maulika nhiiN| svayaM sUtrakAra ne zruta zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, joki "zru zravaNe' dhAtu se karma meM ktapratyaya karane para sulabhatA se zabda zruta ko kahane ke lie abhimukha huA hai| jo karNa indriya dvArA sunA jA cukA hai, vaha zruta hai| isa prakAra nirvacana kiyA gayA zabdamaya zrutapravacana hai| isa prakAra ke isa iSTa artha kA saMgraha karane ke lie zruta zabda kA prayoga karanA zreSTha hai| jJAna aura zabda donoM meM rahane se zrutapada kA prayoga karanA anya prakAroM se samucita nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi jJAna hI artha, sUtrakAra ko abhISTa hotA to spaSTa rUpa se jJAna ko kahane vAle jJAna, pramANa, vedana, zrutajJAna Adi padoM kA hI prayoga karanA yogya thaa| bhAva aura karma meM niSThA pratyaya kara jJAna aura zabda donoM ko kahane vAle zruta kA prayoga karanA ucita nahIM thA, kintu prayoga kiyA hai ata: arthApatti se siddha ho jAtA hai ki mukhya rUpa se zrutajJAna aura gauNarUpa se zabdAtmaka zruta iSTa hai| zaMkA : zabda meM zrutapane kA upacAra kaise kiyA gayA? samAdhAna : zrutajJAna kA kAraNa hone se pravacana ko upacAra se zruta kahate haiM kyoMki zrotAoM ke zrutajJAna kA kAraNa niyama se pravacana hai ataH vaha zabda upacAra se zrutapramANa kaha diyA jAtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 369 shrutmityupcryte| mukhyasya zrutajJAnasya bhedapratipAdanaM kathamupapannaM tajjJAnasya bhedaprabhedarUpatvopapatteH dvibhedapravacanajanitaM hi jJAnaM dvibhedaM aMgabAhyapravacanajanitasya jJAnasyAMgabAhyatvAt aMgapraviSTavacanajanitasya caaNgprvisstttvaat| tathAne kadvAdazaprabhedavacanajanitaM jJAnamane kadvAdazaprabhedakaM kAlikotkAlikAdivacanajanitasyAnekaprabhedarUpatvAt , AcArAdivacanajanitasya ca dvAdazaprabhedatvAdidamupacaritaM ca zrutaM vyanekadvAdazabhedamihaiva vkssyte| dvibhedamanekadvAdazabhedamiti pratyekaM bhedazabdasyAbhisaMbaMdhAt tathA caturbhedo zaMkA : zrutajJAna ke mukhya bheda-prabhedoM kA ukta rItyA pratipAdana karanA kaise yuktiyukta ho sakatA samAdhAna : bheda-prabheda vAle una zabdoM se utpanna hue zrutajJAna ke bhI una do Adi ko bheda prabhedasvarUpapanA bana jAtA hai ata: do bheda vAle zabdamaya pravacana se utpanna huA zrutajJAna ina aMgabAhya aura aMgapraviSTa bhedoM se do bheda vAlA hai| madhyamapada ke akSaroM kA zrutajJAna ke akSaroM meM bhAga dene para zeSa bace ATha karor3a eka lAkha ATha hajAra eka sau pacahattara akSaroM kA svarUpa zabdamaya zrutapravacana se utpanna huA jJAna aMgabAhya hai aura bAraha aMgoM meM praviSTa kucha nyUna 18446744073709551615 itane apunarukta akSara athavA inase kitane hI gune punaruktaakSaroM yA eka sau bAraha karor3a tirAsI lAkha aTThAvana hajAra pA~ca . madhyama padoM svarUpa zabdazruta pravacana se utpanna huA jJAna to aMgapraviSTa hai| isa prakAra do prakAra ke pravacana se do bheda vAlA zrutajJAna kahA jAtA hai| tathA, aMgabAhya bheda ke aneka prabheda aura aMgapraviSTa bheda ke bAraha prabhedasvarUpa vacana se utpanna huA jJAna aneka prabheda aura bAraha prabheda vAlA vyavahRta hotA hai| svAdhyAyakAla meM par3hane yogya niyatakAla vAle vacana kAlika haiM aura svAdhyAya kAla ke lie aniyata kAlarUpa vacana utkAlika haiN| inake bheda sAmAyika, uttarAdhyayana Adi haiN| aise kAlika Adi vacanoM se utpanna huA aMga bAhya jJAna aneka prabhedarUpa hai aura aTThAraha hajAra, chattIsa hajAra Adi madhyama padosvarUpa AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga Adi vacanoM se utpanna huA aMgapraviSTa jJAna ke bAraha prabheda haiM, ata: yaha zabdasvarUpa zruta upacarita pramANa hai| isa zabda zruta ke dravya rUpa se do bheda athavA aneka aura bAraha prabheda yahA~ hI grantha meM spaSTa kiye jaaeNge| ye saba bheda zabdasvarUpa dvAdazAMga vANI aura aMgabAhya vANI ke haiN| dvandva samAsa ke Adi yA anta meM par3e hue pada kA pratyeka pada meM sambandha ho jAtA hai| . ata: yahA~ bhI "vyanekadvAdazabhedam" isa samAsita pada ke anta meM par3e hue bheda zabda kA tInoM meM samantAt sambandha ho jAne se do bheda, aneka bheda aura bAraha bheda aisA artha ho jAtA hai aura aisA hone para atiprasaGgoM kI vyAvRtti kara dI jAtI hai| anyamatI vidvAn vedarUpa zruta ke Rg, yajur, sAma, atharva ye cAra bheda mAnate haiM, athavA cAra vedoM ke zikSA, vyAkaraNa, kalpa. nirukta, chanda, jyotiSa ye chaha aMga svarUpa prabheda mAnate haiM, yA vedoM kI hajAra zAkhAyeM svIkAra karate haiN| itara paNDita Atmatattva pratipAdaka Iza, kena, tittiri Adi daza upaniSadoM yA anya upaniSadoM ko bhI svIkAra karate haiN| ityAdi bheda prabheda vAle zrutAbhAsa
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 370 veda: SaDaMgaH sahasrazAkhaH ityAdi zrutAbhAsanivRttirapramANatvapratyakSatvAdini vRttizca kRtA bhvti| kathamityAha;samyagityadhikArAttu shrutaabhaasnivrtnm| tasyAprAmANyavicchedaH prmaannpdvRttitH||4|| parokSAviSkRtestasya prtyksstvniraakriyaa| nAvadhyAdinimittatvaM matipUrvamiti shruteH||5|| na nityatvaM dravyazrutasya bhAvazrutasya vA na nityanimittatvamiti sAmarthyAdavasIyate mtipuurvtvvcnaadvdhyaadynimitttvvt| zrutanimittatvaM zrutasyaivaM bAdhyeteti na shNkniiyN| kutaH ? kI nivRtti ukta bheda prarUpaNa se ho jAtI hai| "tatpramANe" sUtra se pramANa pada kI anuvRtti cale Ane se do, aneka, bAraha bheda vAle zruta ke apramANapane kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai aura "Adye parokSam" kaha dene se zruta ko pratyakSapramANapane kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai| zrutajJAna meM avagraha, IhA AdipanA bhI niSiddha hoz2AtA hai| "matipUrvaM" aisA kaha dene se avadhi Adi pratyakSapramANarUpa nimittoM se zruta kI utpatti honA pratiSiddha kara diyA gayA hai| tathA, zrutajJAna kisI bhI jJAna ko pUrvavartI nahIM mAnakara svataMtra tathA mati yA kevalajJAna ke samAna ho jAtA hai, isa aniSTa prasaMga kI bhI "matipUrva' kaha dene se nirAkRti kara dI gaI hai| kaise yA kisa prakAra kara dI gaI hai? isakI upapatti ko svayaM granthakAra spaSTa karate haiM - .. "tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam" - isa sUtra se samyak isa pada kA adhikAra calA A rahA hai ata: veda vyAsokta purANa Adi zAsrasadRza dIkhane vAle zrutAbhAsoM kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai aura "tatpramANe" sUtra se pramANa pada kI anuvRtti hone ke kAraNa usa zrutajJAna ke apramANapane kA viccheda ho jAtA hai| Adi ke do jJAna parokSa haiN| isa prakAra pUrva meM hI zrutajJAna ko parokSapanA prakaTa kara dene se usa zruta ke pratyakSapana kA nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra "matipUrva" - isa sUtra kA zravaNa hone se zruta meM avadhi, mana:paryaya Adi nimittoM se utpanna hone kA bhI niSedha kiyA gayA hai ata: matipUrva, samyak, parokSaM, pramANaM, zrutaM isa vAkyArtha dvArA aniSTa nivRtti hokara zruta kA svarUpa nirUpaNa ho jAtA hai||4-5|| zabdasvarUpa dravyazruta ke athavA labdhi upayogasvarUpa bhAvazruta ke nityapanA nahIM hai tathA vyApaka, kUTastha nitya, zabdoMsvarUpa nimitta se utpanna honA bhI nahIM hai| yaha sUtra ke sAmarthya se hI arthApatti dvArA nizcita kara liyA jAtA hai kyoMki sUtrakAra kA zrutajJAna ko matipUrvaka vacana hai| jaise ki avadhi Adi nimittoM kA naimittikapanA zruta meM nahIM hai| arthAt - pravAharUpa se dravyazruta yA bhAvazruta nitya ho sakate haiM kintu vyaktirUpa se zruta anitya hai aura anitya matijJAna se utpanna hotA hai| anitya zabdoM se bhAvazruta hotA hai| avadhi Adi jJAna zruta ke nimitta nahIM haiN| isa prakAra matijJAna ko hI zruta kA nimitta mAna lene para to phira zrutajJAna ke pIche usa zrutajJAna ko nimitta mAnakara utpanna hone vAle dravyazruta yA bhAvazruta kI utpatti meM bAdhA AtI hai, aisI zaMkA nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *371 pUrvazabdaprayogasya vyavadhAnepi darzanAt / na sAkSAnmatipUrvasya zrutasyeSTasya bAdhanam // 6 // liMgAdivacanazrotramatipUrvAttadarthagAt / zrutAcchutamiti siddhaM liMgAdiviSayaM vidAm // 7 // nanvevaM kevalajJAnapUrvakaM bhagavadarhatprabhASitaM dravyazrutaM viruddhyata iti manyamAnaM pratyAha;na ca kevalapUrvatvAtsarvajJavacanAtmanaH / zrutasya matipUrvatvaniyamotra virudhyte||8|| jJAnAtmanastathAbhAvaprokte gnnbhRtaampi| matiprakarSapUrvatvAdarhatproktArthasaMvidaH // 9 // zrutajJAnaM hi matipUrvaM sAkSAtpAraMparyeNa veti niyamyate na punaH zabdamAtraM yatastasya kevalapUrvatvena virodha: syAt / na ca gaNadharadevAdInAM zrutajJAnaM kevalapUrvakaM tannimittazabdaviSayamatijJAnAtizayapUrvakatvAttasyeti niravadyaM // __ vyavadhAna ho jAne para bhI pUrvazabda kA prayoga honA dekhA jAtA hai ata: jisa zruta meM sAkSAtrUpa se athavA zrutajanya zrutajJAna meM paramparA se matijJAna nimitta ho rahA hai, usa iSTa zruta ke utpatti kI koI bAdhA prApta nahIM hai| arthAt - "matipUrvaM' kahane se sAkSAt matipUrvaka aura paramparAmatipUrvaka donoM kA grahaNa ho jAtA hai| liMga Adi ke vacana ko pUrva meM zrotra matijJAna se jAnakara usake vAcya artha kA viSaya karane vAle pahale zrutajJAna se sAMdhya Adi ko viSaya karane vAlA dUsarA zrutajJAna vidvAnoM ke yahA~ isa prakAra se prasiddha hai| arthAt usa dUsare zrutajJAna se anumeyapana dharma ko jAnane vAlA tIsarA zrutajJAna bhI utpanna ho sakatA hai| jisa hetu se jahA~ mUla sAdhya ko sAdhA jAtA hai, vahA~ dasa, pandraha bhI zrutajJAna uttarottara ho sakate haiN| una sabake pahile hone vAlA matijJAna unakA paramparayA nimittakAraNa hai||6-7|| zaMkA : isa prakAra kahane para arhantadeva dvArA kathita zabdAtmaka dravyazruta ko kevalajJAnapUrvakapanA viruddha hogA, kyoMki jainAcArya zruta ke pUrva meM matijJAna yA zrutajJAna hI svIkAra karate haiN| arthAt devAdhideva bhagavAna ke zabdamaya dravyazruta ke pUrva meM kevalajJAna hai| vyavahita yA avyavahitarUpa se matijJAna vahA~ pUrvavartI nahIM hai ata: matipUrvaka zrutajJAna ghaTita nahIM hai| isa prakAra kahane vAle ke prati AcArya samAdhAna kahate haiM ___ sarvajJa pratipAdita vacanasvarUpa zruta kevalajJAnapUrvaka ho jAne se isa prakaraNa meM zruta ke matipUrvaka hone ke niyama kA koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| kyoMki jJAnAtmaka zruta ko matijJAnapUrvaka kahA hai| aisA hone para sabhI zrutajJAnoM ko sAkSAt yA paramparA se matipUrvakapanA siddha hotA hai| cAra jJAna ko dhArane vAle gaNadhara deva ke bhI aha~tabhASita artha kI zrutajJAnarUpa samvitti ko prakarSamatijJAnapUrvakapanA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki bhagavAna ke zabdoM ko karNa indriya se sunakara zrAvaNamatijJAnapUrvaka zrutajJAna gaNadharoM ke bhI hotA hai, gaNadharoM ke lie koI pRthak mArga nahIM hai||8-9|| jJAnasvarUpa zruta sAkSAt athavA paramparA se pUrvavartI matijJAna se hI utpanna hotA hai, aisA niyama kiyA gayA hai kintu phira bhI sampUrNa zabdAtmaka zruta matipUrvaka hai, yaha niyama nahIM kiyA gayA hai, jisase ki una sarvajJa vacanoM ko kevalajJAnapUrvakapanA hone ke kAraNa virodha doSa ho sakatA hai| arthAt - dravyazruta ke pUrva meM kevalajJAna ke ho jAne se zrutajJAna ke matipUrvakapana kA pUrvApara meM koI virodha nahIM AtA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 372 matisAmAnyanirdezAnna shrotrmtipuurvkN| zrutaM niyamyate'zeSamatipUrvasya viikssnnaat||10|| zrutvA zabdaM yathA tasmAttadarthaM lakSayedayaM / tathopalabhya rUpAdIna) tannAMtarIyakam // 11 // yathA hi zabda: svavAcyamavinAbhAvinaM pratyApayati tathA rUpAdayopi svAvinAbhAvinamarthaM pratyApayaMtIti zrotramatipUrvakamiva zrutajJAnamIkSyate / tato na zrotramatipUrvakameva taditi niyamaH zreyAn , mtisaamaanyvcnaat|| gaNadhara deva AdikoM ko utpanna huA zrutajJAna bhI kevalajJAnapUrvaka nahIM hai, kyoMki usa zrutajJAna ke nimittakAraNa sarvajJa kathita zabdoM ko viSaya karane vAle karNa indriyajanya viziSTa atizaya vAle matijJAna ko avyavahita pUrvavartI mAnakara una gaNadhara Adi ke vaha dravya evaM bhAva zrutajJAna utpanna hotA hai ata: "matipUrva' yaha zrutajJAna kA lakSaNa sUtra nirdoSa hai| "matipUrva" aisA nirdeza karake sAmAnyarUpa se sampUrNa matijJAnoM kA saMgraha hone se kevala zrotraindriyajanya matijJAna ko hI pUrvavartI mAnakara zrutajJAna utpanna hotA hai, aisA niyama nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki rUpa kA cAkSuSajJAna, rasa yA rasavAna kA rAsana jJAna athavA smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi sabhI prakAra ke matijJAnoM-svarUpa pUrvavartI nimittoM se zrutajJAnoM kI utpatti hotI huI dekhI jAtI hai| yaha zrutajJAnI jIva yA zrutazabdaprayoktA vaktA jisa prakAra zabda ko sunakara usase usake vAcya artha ko lakSita kara detA hai, usI prakAra cakSu Adi indriyoM dvArA rUpa, sparza Adi arthoM ko matijJAna se jAnakara una arthoM ke avinAbhAvI arthAntaroM ko bhI zrutajJAna dvArA grahaNa kara letA hai| usameM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai| karNa indriya ke samAna anya pA~coM indriyoM se bhI matijJAna hokara usako pUrvavartI nimitta kAraNa ho jAne para dravyazruta yA bhAvazruta utpanna hote haiM ataH zruta kI bahubhAga pravRtti zrotra indriyajanya matijJAnapUrvaka zrutajJAna meM hotI hai| etAvatA anya indriyajanya matijJAnapUrvaka hone vAle zrutoM kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai||10-11|| jisa prakAra zabda apane avinAbhAvIvAcya artha kA niyama se nizcaya karA detA hai, usI prakAra rUpa, rasa Adi bhI apane sAtha avinAbhAva rakhane vAle dUsare arthoM kI pratIti karA dete haiM ataH zrotramatipUrvaka zrutajJAna ke samAna cAkSuSa Adi matipUrvaka bhI zrutajJAna hote dekhe jAte haiN| zrutajJAna kevala zrotramatipUrvaka hI hai, yaha niyama karanA zreSTha nahIM hai| anyathA andhe, bahare jIvoM ke zrutajJAnoM meM yA anya bhI jIvoM ke zrutajJAnoM meM lakSaNa nahIM ghaTane se avyApti doSa AegA ata: sUtrakAra ne sAmAnya matijJAnoM ke saMgrahArtha "matipUrva" aisA sAmAnya karake mati yaha vacana kahA hai, jo ki sabhI matijJAnoM ko zruta kA nimitta honA saMbhava hai| ___ isa prakAra smaraNa, pratyabhijJAna, dhAraNA Adika matijJAna hI zrutajJAna ho jAeMge, yaha prasaMga bhI prApta nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki, sUtrakAra ne usa zrutajJAna ke matipUrvakapane kA niyama kiyA hai, kintu ye smRti Adika to svayaM matijJAnarUpa hI haiN| yadi ina smaraNa Adi ke pUrva meM sAkSAt yA paramparA se matijJAna hotA, taba to ye zruta kahe jA sakate the| kintu, ye smaraNa Adika to mUla meM hI svayaM matijJAnasvarUpa haiN| zrutajJAnAvaraNa karma ke vizeSa kSayopazama
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 373 na smRtyAdi matijJAnaM zrutamevaM prsjyte| matipUrvatvaniyamAttasyAsya tu mtitvtH||12|| zrutajJAnAvRticchedavizeSApekSaNasya c| smRtyAdiSvaMtaraMgasyAbhAvAna shruttaasthitiH||13|| matirhi bahiraMga zrutasya kAraNaM aMtaraMgaM tu zrutajJAnAvaraNakSayopazamavizeSaH / sa ca smRtyAdermativizeSasya nAstIti na shruttvm|| matipUrvaM tato jJeyaM zrutamaspaSTatarkaNam / na tu sarvamativyAptiprasaMgAdiSTabAdhanAt // 14 // ___ zrutamaspaSTatarkaNamityapi matipUrvaM nAnArthaprarUpaNaM zrutajJAnAvaraNakSayopazamApekSamityavagaMtavyamanyathA smRtyAdInAmaspaSTAkSajJAnAnAM ca shruttvprsNgaat| siddhAMtavirodhApattiriti sUktaM matipUrvaM zrutaM / taccakI apekSA zrutajJAna ko hotI hai| zrutajJAna kA vaha antaraMga kAraNa hai| smRti Adi antaraMga kAraNa matijJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazamavizeSa se utpanna hote haiM, ataH smRti Adi meM zrutajJAnAvaraNakarma ke kSayopazamasvarUpa antaraMga kAraNa ke nahIM hone se zrutapanA vyavasthita nahIM ho pAtA // 12-13 // matijJAna dravyazruta yA bhAvazruta kA bahiraMga kAraNa hai| zruta kA antaraMga kAraNa to zrutajJAnAvaraNa karma kA vizeSa kSayopazama hai| vaha zrutajJAnAvaraNa karma kA vizeSa kSayopazama smRti Adi ke nahIM hai| ataH smRti Adi ko zrutapanA nahIM hai| - jo koI prativAdI avizadarUpa tarkaNA karane ko zrutajJAna kahate haiM, unako bhI usa aspaSTa tarkaNa lakSaNa se vaha matipUrvaka hotA huA hI aspaSTa samvedana zruta samajhanA caahie| kintu sabhI avizada samvedanoM ko zruta nahIM samajha lenA caahie| - anyathA (matipUrvaka hone vAle yA indriyapUrvaka hone vAle athavA vyAptijJAnapUrvaka hone vAle evaM avagrahapUrvaka hue Adi) sabhI avizada jJAnoM ko yadi zruta mAnA jAyegA taba to rAsana, spArzana matijJAna, anumAna, IhA Adi aspaSTa jJAnoM meM ativyApti doSa ho jAne kA prasaMga hogaa| aura aisA hone se iSTasiddhAnta meM bAdhA upasthita ho jaaegii||14|| ____ padArthoM kA avizada vedana karanA zrutajJAna hai aura vaha zrutajJAna matipUrvaka hotA hai| tathA zrutajJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama vizeSa kI apekSA se utpanna huA aura avinAbhAvI aneka arthAntaroM kA prarUpaNa karane vAlA jJAna zrutajJAna hai aisA samajha lenA caahie| anyathA (aisA nahIM mAnane para) smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi tathA anya indriyoM se janya aspaSTa matijJAnoM ko bhI aspaSTa samvedana hone ke kAraNa zrutapane kA prasaMga AegA aura aisA hone para jaina siddhAnta ke sAtha virodha ho jAne kI Apatti ho jAtI hai ata: matijJAnapUrvaka zrutajJAna hotA hai yaha matijJAna kA lakSaNa samIcIna hai| bahiraMga kAraNa matijJAna se aura antaraMga kAraNa zrutajJAnAvaraNa kSayopazama se utpanna huA avizadajJAna zrutajJAna hai| tathA zrutajJAna to - "zrutaM matipUrvaM' - itane sUtrArddha kA vyAkhyAna kara aba "vyanekadvAdazabhedam" isa uttarArddha kA bhASya karate haiM - ki vaha zrutajJAna aMgabAhya aura aMgapraviSTa ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| isameM prathama (aMgabAhya) to kAlika, utkAlika, Adi ke bheda se aneka prakAra kA hai| tathA aMga svarUpa vaha zrutajJAna
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 374 dvibhedamaMgabAhyatvAdaMgarUpatvataH zrutam / anekabhedamatraikaM kAlikotkAlikAdikam // 15 // dvaadshaavsthmNgaatmtdaacaaraadibhedtH| pratyekaM bhedazabdasya saMbaMdhAditi vAkyabhit // 16 // mukhyA jJAnAtmakA bhedaprabhedAstasya suutritaaH| zabdAtmakAH punargauNAH zrutasyeti vibhidyate // 17 // tatra zrutajJAnasya matipUrvakatvepi sarveSAM vipratipattimupadarzayati;zabdajJAnasya sarvepi mtipuurvtvmaadRtaaH| vAdinaH zrotravijJAnAbhAve tasyAsamudbhavAt // 18 // bhavatu nAma zrutajJAnaM matipUrvakaM yAjJikAnAmapi tatrAvipratipatteH "zabdAdudeti yaj vijJAnamapratyakSe'pi vastuni / zAbdaM taditi manyate pramANAMtaravAdinaH" iti vacanAt / zabdAtmakaM tu zrutaM vedavAkyaM na matipUrvaka tasya nityatvAditi manyamAnaM pratyAhaAcAra, sUtrakRta, sthAna Adi bhedoM se bAraha avasthA ko (bAraha bheda ko) prApta hai (yA bAraha bhedoM meM avasthita hai|) dvandva samAsa antargata bheda zabda kA pratyeka meM sambandha ho jAne se do bheda, aneka bheda aura * bAraha bheda, isa prakAra bhinna-bhinna tIna vAkya ho jAte haiN||15-16|| ___isa sUtra meM kathita zrutajJAna ke bheda-prabheda mukhya rUpa se to jJAnasvarUpa sUcita kiye gae haiN| tathA zruta ke zabdAtmaka bheda gauNarUpa se kahe gae haiN| isa prakAra zruta ke mukhyarUpa se jJAnasvarUpa aura gauNarUpa se zabdasvarUpa vizeSa bheda kara lenA caahie| bhAvArtha : vastuta: jaina siddhAnta meM jJAna ko hI pramANa iSTa kiyA hai kintu jJAna ke kAraNoM meM pradhAna kAraNa zabda hai| mokSa yA tattvajJAna ke upayogI athavA viziSTa vidvattA sampAdanArtha zabda hI kAraNa par3ate haiN| ata: ziSya ke jJAna kA kAraNa aura vaktA ke jJAna kA kArya hone se usa jJAna ke pratipAdaka vacana ko bhI upacAra se pramANa kaha diyA jAtA hai||17|| isa prakaraNa meM zrutajJAna kA matipUrvakapanA sampUrNa vAdiyoM ke yahA~ siddha ho jAne para bhI kisIkisI ke yahA~ isa viSaya ko granthakAra vivAdagrasta dikhalAte haiM - sampUrNa vAdI vidvAnoM ne bhI zabdajanya vAcya arthajJAnarUpa zrutajJAna kA matipUrvakapanA svIkAra kiyA hai, kyoMki karNa indriyajanya matijJAna ke nahIM hone para usa zAbdabodha kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai| bhAvArtha : zabda zravaNa, saMketasmaraNa ye sabhI vAcyArtha jJAnoM meM kAraNa par3a jAte haiN| isa prakAra vyatirekebala se matijJAna aura zrutajJAna kA kAryakAraNa bhAva sabako abhISTa hai||18|| __mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki vaha zrutajJAna matijJAnapUrvaka hai to hoo, isameM koI kSati nahIM hai kyoMki jyotiSToma Adi yajJoM kI upAsanA karane vAle mImAMsakoM ke bhI usameM koI vipratipatti (vivAda) nahIM hai| hamAre granthoM meM isa prakAra kathana kiyA hai ki "apratyakSa padArthoM meM bhI zabda se saMketasmaraNa dvArA jJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai| AgamajJAna ko pRthak pramANa mAnane vAle vidvAn usa jJAna ko zAbdabodha isa nAma se svIkAra karate haiM, kintu vaha zabdAtmaka zruta vedoM ke vAkya haiN| ve matijJAnapUrvaka utpanna nahIM hote haiM kyoMki ve veda ke vAkya nitya haiN| isa prakAra apane manonukUla mAnane vAle mImAMsakoM ke prati AcArya paramArtha tattva ko kahate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 375 zabdAtmakaM punaryeSAM zrutamajJAnapUrvakaM / nityaM teSAM pramANena virodho bahucoditaH // 19 // pratyakSabAdhanaM tAvadagnimILe purohitN| ityevamAdizabdasya jJAnapUrvatvavedanAt // 20 // tadvyakte: jJAnapUrvatvaM svayaM saMvedyate na tu / zabdasyeti na sAdhIyo vyakteH shbdaatmktvtH||21|| zabdAdAMtaraM vyaktiH zabdasya kthmucyte| saMbaMdhAcceti saMbaMdhaH svabhAva iti saikatA // 22 // zabdavyakterabhinnaikasaMbaMdhAtmatvato na kim / saMbaMdhasyApi tadbhede'navasthA kena vAryate? // 23 // jina mImAMsakoM ke yahA~ zabdAtmaka zruta ajJAnapUrvaka aura nitya mAnA gayA hai, unake yahA~ pramANoM ke dvArA virodha AtA hai| isako hama bahuta prakAra se pUrva prakaraNoM meM kaha cuke haiN||19|| una pramANoM meM se pahale pratyakSa pramANa dvArA to bAdhA isa prakAra hai ki "agnimIDe purohitaM" - isa prakAra ke anya bhI vaidika zabdoM kA jJAnapUrvaka vedana ho rahA hai| "agni kI yA purohita kI maiM stuti kara rahA hU~" ityAdi zabdajanyajJAna zabda kA zrAvaNa pratyakSa se aura usa artha ke sAtha zabda kA saMketa smaraNa kara pIche hI AgamajJAna hotA huA jAnA jA rahA hai| athavA "agnimIDe' Adi zabdoM kI bhI utpatti jJAnapUrvaka hI hotI hai||20|| zabda kI abhivyakti hI jJAnapUrvaka hotI huI svayaM jAnI jA rahI hai parantu zabda ko jJAnapUrvakapanA nahIM hai, zabda to nitya hai| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM kA kahanA prazaMsanIya nahIM hai, kyoMki zabdoM kI abhivyakti to zabda-Atmaka nizcita hai| ghaTa kI abhivyakti ghaTasvarUpa hI hotI hai, ataH zrutajJAna matijJAnapUrvaka hotA hai-yaha kahanA samIcIna hai||21|| yadi zabda kI abhivyakti ko zabda se pRthak padArtha svIkAra karate haiM, taba to zabda kA prakaTa honA zabda kA hai, yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai? zabda aura abhivyakti kA sambandha ho jAne se vaha abhivyakti zabda kI kaha dI jAtI hai| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kahane para to zabda aura abhivyakti kA vaha sambaMdha sva kA bhAvasvarUpa svabhAva hI mAnA jAegA aura isa prakAra mAnane para to phira vahI zabda aura abhivyakti kA ekapanA prApta ho jAtA hai ata: abhivyakti ke samAna vaidika zabda bhI jJAna se utpanna hue kahe jaaeNge||22|| zabda ke usakI prakaTatA ke sAtha hone vAle sambandha ko yadi pratiyogI, anuyogI donoM padArthoM se abhinna mAnA jAegA, taba to abhinna eka sambandhAtmakapanA ho jAne se zabda aura abhivyakti donoM eka kyoM nahIM ho jAyeMge? yadi zabda aura vyakti ke bIca meM par3e hue sambandha kA bhI una pratiyogI, anuyogI donoM se bheda mAnA jAegA to anavasthA doSa kisake dvArA nivArA jA sakatA hai? __ arthAt bhinna sambandha ko jor3ane ke lie anya sambandha kI AvazyakatA hogI, aura sambandhiyoM se bhinna par3e hue anya sambandha ko bhI "unakA yaha hai" - isa prakAra vyavahAra karAne ke lie cauthe, pA~caveM Adi sambandhoM kI AkAMkSA bar3hatI hI jAegI ata: anavasthA doSa aaegaa| isakA nivAraNa mImAMsakoM ke dvArA nahIM ho sakatA hai||23||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 376 bhinnAbhinnAtmakatve tu saMbaMdhasya ttstv| zabdasya buddhipUrvatvaM vyakteriva kathaMcana // 24 // vyaktivarNasya saMskAraH zrotrasyAthobhayasya vaa| tadbuddhitAvRticchedaH sApyetenaiva dUSitA // 25 // vizeSAdhAnamapyasya naabhivyktirvibhaavyte| nityasyAtizayotpattivirodhAtsvAtmanAzavat // 26 // kalazAderabhivyaktiIMpAdeH prinnaaminH| prasiddheti na sarvatra doSoyamanuSajyate // 27 // nityasya vyApino vyaktiH sAkalyena ydiissyte| kiM na sarvatra sarvasya sarvadA tdvinishcyH||28|| yadi kaho ki zabda aura usakI abhivyakti ke madhya meM par3A huA sambandha to pratiyogI abhivyakti aura anuyogI zabda se kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna svarUpa hai, taba to tumhAre yahA~ abhivyakti ke samAna zabda ko bhI kisI apekSA se buddhipUrvakapanA siddha hotA hai| ataH zabda cAhe vaidika ho athavA laukika, maMtra athavA koI bhI ho, ve anitya haiN| zabda vastutaH pudgala kI paryAya haiN||24|| . mImAMsaka yadi akAra, gakAra Adi vargoM ke saMskAra ho jAne ko zabda kI abhivyakti kahate haiM, yA zrotra indriya ke atizayAdhAnarUpa saMskAra ko zabda kI abhivyakti mAnate haiM, athavA varNa aura zrotra donoM ke saMskArayukta ho jAne ko zabda kI abhivyakti svIkAra karate haiM - jo saMskAra usa zabda ke jJAna ho jAne kA AvaraNa karane vAle karma Adi kA vicchedasvarUpa mAnA jAtA hai, to AcArya kahate haiM ki vaha saMskAra aura abhivyakti bhI isa yukta kathana se dUSita kara dI gaI hai| arthAt zabda ko kUTastha nitya mAnane para aura zrotra ko nitya AkAzasvarUpa svIkAra karane para unakA AvaraNa karane vAlA koI saMbhava nahIM hai||25|| mImAMsaka ke matAnusAra isa zabda ke vizeSa atizayoM kA AdhAna kara denA rUpa abhivyakti bhI vicAra karane para nirNIta nahIM ho sakatI hai, kyoMki sarvathA kUTastha nitya zabda ke atizayoM kI utpatti hone kA virodha hai - jaise ki kUTastha nitya padArtha kI svAtmA kA nAza ho jAnA viruddha hai arthAt apane pUrva svabhAvoM kA tyAga, uttarasvabhAvoM kA grahaNa aura sthUla dravyarUpa se sthiratA rUpa se pariNamana karane vAle padArtha meM hI utpAda yA vinAza bana sakate haiN| sarvathA nitya zabda meM navIna atizayoM yA vizeSatAoM kA AdhAna nahIM ho sakatA hai||26|| ___jaise aMdhere meM rakhe hue kalaza Adi pariNAmI padArthoM kI dIpaka Adi se abhivyakti honA prasiddha hai| ataH pariNAmI padArthoM kI abhivyakti ho jAnA rUpa isa doSa kA prasaMga sarvatra nahIM lagatA hai| arthAt pariNAmI padArtha kI pariNAmI padArtha se abhivyakti saMbhava hai| zabda apane prAcIna svabhAva kA tyAga kare aura navIna zrAvaNa svabhAva ko grahaNa kare, taba pariNAmI zabda kI vyaMjakoM se abhivyakti ho sakatI hai| ataH utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya lakSaNa vAle pariNAmI padArtha meM abhivyaMjya-abhivyaMjaka bhAva banatA hai, kUTastha meM nhiiN||27|| athavA, nitya aura sarvatra vyApI zabda kI abhivyakti sampUrNa rUpa se mAnate ho to sarvatra sarva jIvoM ke usa zabda kA nizcaya kyoM nahIM hotA hai? arthAt jaba eka sthAna para abhivyaMjaka dvArA zabda prakaTa ho cukA hai to sarvatra, sarvadA sabako usa akhaNDa, niraMza zabda ke zravaNa karane meM vilamba nahIM honA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 377 svAdRSTavazataH puMsAM shaabdjnyaanvicitrtaa| vyaktepi kAtya'taH zabde bhAve sarvAtmake na kim // 29 // dezatastadabhivyaktI sAMzatA na virudhyte| vyaMjake yattu zabdAnAmabhinne sakalazrutiH // 30 // tasya kvacidabhivyaktau vyApAre dezabhAk svtH| nAnArUpe tu nAnAtvaM kutastasyAvagamyatAm // 31 // svAbhipretAbhilApasya shruternyonysNshryH| siddha vyaMjakanAnAtve viziSTavacasaH zrutiH // 32 // prasiddhAyAM punastasyAM tatprasiddhirhi te mte| yadi pratyakSasiddheyaM viziSTavacasaH shrutiH||33|| yadi kaho ki kRtsna rUpa se zabda ke abhivyakta ho jAne para bhI jIvoM ke apane-apane puNya, pApa ke vaza se zabda sambandhI jJAna hone kI vicitratA hotI hai to jaise zabda ko vyApaka aura nitya mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI sarva padArthAtmaka bhI mAna lenA cAhie ataH abhAva padArtha ko nahIM mAnakara sampUrNa bhAvoM ko sarvAtmaka kyoM nahIM mAnanA cAhie ? // 28-29 // ___yadi zabda kI sAkalyena abhivyakti nahIM mAnakara ekadeza se abhivyakti honA mAneMge taba to vyaMgya zabda aura vyaMjaka vAyu Adi meM aMzasahitapanA meM virodha nahIM aaegaa| arthAt zabda ko prakaTa aura aprakaTa do rUpa mAnane para zabda ke aneka aMza mAnane par3eMge, jo ki mImAMsakoM ne nahIM mAne haiN| syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ zabda ko sAMza mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM AtA hai| vyaMjaka vAyuoM ke adhIna hokara zabdoM ko abhinna mAnane para sampUrNa varNoM kI yugapat zruti ho jAegI // 30 // - yadi mImAMsaka usa vyaMjaka kA zabda ke kisI hI aMza meM abhivyakti karane ke nimitta vyApAra mAneMge, taba to vaha zabda svataH hI choTe-choTe dezoM ko dhArane vAlA siddha hogA, niraMza nahIM rhegaa| athavA mImAMsaka akhaNDa eka varNa ke abhivyaMjaka kaNTha tAluoM se akAra, ikAra bhAga kI abhivyakti honA svIkAra kareMge to bhI zabda meM svataH deza aMzoM kA dhAraNa karanA prApta hogaa| eka hI varNa ke ikAra, akAra, ukAra Adi nAnAsvarUpa svIkAra kareMge to usa zabda kA yA usake vyaMjakoM kA aneka svarUpapanA kaise jAnA jA sakegA? yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki zrotAoM ko apane-apane abhISTa zabdoM kA zravaNa hone se varNa aura unake vyaMjaka kAraNa anekarUpaM siddha ho jAte haiM to jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA mAnane para usameM anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai kyoMki vyaMjakoM kA anekapanA siddha ho jAne para to viziSTa aneka vacanoM kA zravaNa honA siddha hotA hai aura phira vizeSa viziSTa vacanoM kA zravaNa prasiddha hone para una vyaMjakoM kA nAnApana siddha hotA hai| yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki yaha viziSTa vacanoM kA zravaNa to sabhI jIvoM ko pratyakSa pramANa se siddha hai ataH anyonyAzraya doSa nahIM hotA hai| isa para to jaina kaheMge ki pratyakSa prasiddha hone ke kAraNa hI vacanoM kA matipUrvakapanA siddha hai, yaha kyoM nahIM saralatA se mAna liyA jAtA hai? zaMkA : hamAre yahA~ vacanoM kA uccAraNa karanA dUsaroM ke jJAnoM kA nimitta kAraNa mAnA gayA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 378 zemuSIpUrvatAsiddhirvAcAM kiM naanumnyte| nanu jJAnanimittatvaM vAcAmuccAraNasya nH||34|| siddhaM nApUrNarUpeNa prAdurbhAvaH kadAcana / karturasmaraNaM tAsAM tAdRzInAM vizeSataH // 35 // puruSArthopayogitvabhAjAmapi mhaatmnaaN| naivaM sarvanRNAM kartuH smRterprtissiddhitH||36|| tatkAraNaM hi kANAdAH smaraMti caturAnanaM / jainA: kAlAsuraM bauddhAH svASTakAtsakalA: sadA // 37 // sarve svsNprdaaysyaavicchedenaavigaantH| nAnAkartRsmRternAsti tAsAM kartetyasaMgataM // 38 // apUrva (navIna) svarUpa se buddhi dvArA zabdoM kA kabhI bhI utpAda honA siddha nahIM hai, kyoMki usa prakAra ke una apauruSeya vacanoM ke banAne vAle kartA kA vizeSarUpa se smaraNa nahIM hotA hai| AtmA ke puruSArtha karane meM upayoga sahitapane ke dhAraka mahAtmAoM ko bhI veda ke kartA kA smaraNa nahIM hotA hai| samAdhAna : AcArya kahate haiM ki mImAMsakoM ko isa prakAra nahIM kahanA cAhie, kyoMki sabhI manuSyoM ko veda ke kartA kI smRti ho jAne kA pratiSedha nahIM hai| arthAt bahuta se vicArazIla manuSya veda / ke kartA kA smaraNa karate haiN| kaNAda mata ke anuyAyI vaizeSika, veda ke kartA brahmA kA smaraNa kara ArAdhanA karate haiM aura jaina jana veda ke kartA kAlAsura ko kahate haiN| sampUrNa bauddhoM ke yahA~ apane-apane aMzoM ko banAne vAle ATha vidvAnoM ko veda kA kartA mAnA gayA hai| yaha saba apane-apane RSiyoM kI AmnAya se cale Aye zAstra pravAha anusAra vedakartAoM kA kucha ko chor3akara sabhI jIvoM ko sadA smaraNa horahA hai ata: kartA kA asmaraNa honA veda yA anya zabdoM ko nityapanA siddha karane ke lie upayogI nahIM hai // 31-3233-34-35-36-37 // ___ mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki vaizeSika, jaina, bauddha Adi vedakartA vAdI sabhI vidvAn apanI-apanI sarvajJamUlaka RSi-sampradAya kA madhya meM viccheda nahIM hone ke kAraNa anindita rUpa se caturmukha, kAlAsura, aSTaka Adi aneka kartAoM kA smaraNa karate haiM ataH pratIta hotA hai ki veda kA kartA koI nahIM hai, tabhI to nirNItarUpa se eka kartA kA jJAna nahIM ho pAtA hai| bhAvArtha : yadi veda kA hI koI kartA hotA to eka hI vidvAn hokara smRta kiyA jaataa| kintu yahA~ koI kisI ko aura koI anya ko kartA smaraNa kara rahA hai ata: veda kA koI kartA nahIM hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra mImAMsakoM kA kahanA to asaMgata hai, kyoMki bhinna-bhinna zAkhAoM ke khaNDarUpa se aneka kartAoM kI smRti ho jAne se veda kA bahuta kartAoM ke dvArA banAyA gayApana siddha ho jAtA hai| jaise ki usa prakAra ke anya zAstra koI-koI aneka vidvAnoM ke banAye hue haiN| yadi mImAMsakajanoM ke yahA~ veda ko nitya, apauruSeya siddha karane ke lie kartA kA smaraNa nahIM honA hetu iSTa kiyA jAyegA to veda kA apauruSeyapanA apane ghara kI mAnyatA hI samajhanA caahie| jabaki veda ke kartA kA smaraNa ho rahA hai| yoM to koI purAne khaNDahara, kuA Adi ko bhI apauruSeya kahanA cAhie, kyoMki usako bhI apane ghara meM khaDairA ke kartA kA smaraNa nahIM ho rahA hai| 1. madhupiMgala kA jIva jisane asura paryAya meM parvata kA sahAyaka bana yajJa dharma kI sthApanA kii|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 379 bahukartRkatAsiddheH khaMDazastAdRganyavat / karturasmaraNaM heturyAjJikAnAM yadISyate // 39 // tadA svagRhamAnyA syaadvedsyaapaurusseytaa| jagato'kartRtApyevaM pareSAmiti cenna vai||40|| kartuH smaraNahetustatsiddhau taizca pryujyte| mahattvaM tu na vedasya prativAdyAgamAt sthitam // 41 // yenAzakyakriyatvasya sAdhanaM tattava smRtiH| puruSArthopayogitvaM vivAdAdhyAsitaM kathaM // 42 // vizeSaNatayA hetoH prayoktuM yujyate satAM / vedAdhyayanavAcyatvaM vedAdhyayanapUrvatAm // 43 // na vedAdhyayane zaktaM prajJApayitumanyavat / yathA hiraNyagarbhaH so'dhyetA vedasya sAdhyate // 44 // yugAdau prathamastadbuddhAdiH svAgamasya c| sAkSAtkRtyAgamasyArthavaktA kartAgamasya cet // 45 / / isa prakAra dUsare vaizeSika, naiyAyika, yaugoM ke yahA~ jagat kA akartRkapanA bhI bana jAegA, jo ki unako nizcaya se iSTa nahIM ho sakatA hai| kAraNa ki usa jagat-kartA, Izvara kI siddhi karane meM una vaizeSika Adi ke dvArA kartA kA smaraNa honA jJApaka hetu prayukta kiyA jAtA hai| mImAMsaka vaizeSikoM ke jagatkartA ke smaraNa ko mAnate hI nahIM haiN||38-39-40|| mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki veda bahuta bar3A grantha hai| koI bhI vidvAn itane mahAn grantha ko banA nahIM sakatA hai| isake pratyuttara meM jaina kahate haiM ki vedoM kA bar3appana to jaina, bauddha Adi prativAdiyoM ke Agama se pratiSThita nahIM ho rahA hai, jisase ki nahIM kiyA jA sakanApana usa hetu kI tumhAre yahA~ smRti ThIka mAnI jA ske| .. veda ke nityatva ko siddha karane ke lie diye gaye hetu kA apauruSeya vizeSaNa sampUrNa puruSoM ke prayojana sAdhane meM upayogI hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki vaha vizeSaNa to vivAdagrasta hai ata: hetu kA vizeSaNasvarUpa ho karake prayukta karane ke lie sajjana puruSoM ke sammukha kisa prakAra yukta ho sakatA hai? // 42 // ... mImAMsaka anumAna ke dvArA isa bAta ko siddha karate haiM ki sarva vedoM kA par3hanA sadA se ho guruoM ke adhyayanapUrvaka hI calA A rahA hai kyoMki udAtta, anudAtta, svarita Adi se sahita hokara vaidika mantroM kA uccAraNapUrvaka adhyayana guruvarya ke zabdoM se hI kahA jA sakatA hai - jaise ki vartamAna kAla meM paramparA se cale Aye guruoM se hI veda kA adhyayana ho rahA hai ataH vaidika zabda anAdi anidhana hai| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kahane para hama jaina kahate haiM ki vedAdhyayana vAcyapanA hetu vedAdhyayana pakSa meM vedAdhyayana pUrvakapane ko samajhAne ke lie samartha nahIM hai, jaise ki anya hetu vedAdhyayanapUrvakapanA sAdhane ke lie samartha nahIM hai||43|| jisa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke dvArA yuga kI Adi meM veda kA sabase prathama adhyayana karane vAlA brahmA siddha kiyA hai, usI prakAra buddha, kapila Adi bhI yuga kI Adi meM apane-apane Agama ke adhyayana karane vAle mAne jA rahe haiN| yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki buddha Adi to Agama ke artha kA vizada pratyakSa kara usa artha ke vaktA haiM ataH ve to Agama ke banAne vAle kartA (upacAra se) kahe jAte haiM, kintu veda ke hamAre mAne hue vaktAoM dvArA atIndriya arthoM kA pratyakSa nahIM ho pAtA hai ata: veda ke adhyetA yA adhyApaka kevala
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 380 agnirityagnirityAdervaktA kartA tu taadRshH| parAbhyupagamAtkartA sa cedvede pitaamhH||46|| tata eva na dhAtAstu na vA kshcitsmtvtH| nAnadhItasya vedasyAdhyetAstyadhyApakAdvinA // 47 // na sosti brAhmaNotrAdAviti naadhyetRtaagtiH| svargedhItAn svayaM vedAnanusmRtyeha saMbhavI // 4 // brahmAdhyetA pareSAM vAdhyApakazcedyathAyathaM / sarvepi kavayaH saMtu tathAdhyetAra eva ca // 49 // ityakRtrimatA sarvazAsrANAM smupaagtaa| svayaM janmAMtarAdhItamadhIyAmahi saMprati // 50 // anuvAdaka hI samajhe jAte haiM kartA nhiiN| isake pratyuttara meM jainAcArya kahate haiM ki vaidika agni zabda aura laukika agni ityAdika zabdoM kA jo koI vaktA hai, vahI vaktA agni isa zabda kA kartA hai aura vaisA hI agni zabda veda meM sunA jA rahA hai ata: vahA~ bhI to vaktA hI kartA samajhA jaaegaa| sahasra zAkhA vAlA veda svarga meM pahile brahmA ke dvArA bahuta dina taka par3hA jAtA hai| phira vahA~ se. utara kara manuSyaloka meM manu Adi RSiyoM ke lie prakAza diyA jAtA hai| aura phira svarga meM jAkara cirakAla par3hA jAtA hai| yaha brahmA, manu Adi kI saMtAna anAdi se calI A rahI hai, aisA mAnanA vyartha hai|45-46|| yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki buddha, naiyAyika Adi dUsare vidvAnoM ne to apane-apane Agama ke kartA svayaM buddha Adi svIkAra kie haiM ata: dUsaroM ke kahane se hI una AgamoM kA vaha kartA mAnA jA cukA hai to veda meM bhI vaizeSika vidvAn brahmA ko karttA mAnate haiM isa aMza meM unakA svIkAra karanA kyoM nahIM mAna liyA jAtA hai? yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki isalie vidhAtA bhI kartA nahIM hai| tathA, aura bhI koI veda kA kartA nahIM hai, kyoMki sabhI atIndriya jJAna rahita hone se samAna hI haiN| tathA pUrva meM veda kA adhyayana nahIM karane vAlA koI bhI chAtra par3hAne vAle adhyApaka ke binA veda kA adhyayana nahIM kara sakatA hai| isa prakAra kahanA bhI upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki isa yuga kI Adi meM koI aisA brAhmaNa, yA brahmA siddha nahIM hai jisakA ki par3hane vAlApana jAna liyA jAya ataH veda ke adhyetApana kA jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai|46-47|| mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki svarga meM jAkara svayaM adhyayana kiye hue vedoM ko pIche-pIche smaraNa kara yahA~ martyaloka meM brahmA vedoM kA adhyayana karane vAlA hai aura dUsare manu, yAjJavalkya Adi RSiyoM kA yathAyogya adhyApana karAne vAlA saMbhava hai| AcArya kahate haiM ki isa prakAra kahane para to sampUrNa kavijana bhI svakRta kAvyoM ke par3hane vAle hI ho jaayeNge| arthAt choTe-choTe pustaka yA zlokoM athavA padyoM ko banAne vAle kavi logoM kA bhI brahmA dvArA adRzyarUpa se adhyApana karanA siddha ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra sampUrNa choTe bar3e zAstroM ko akRtrimapanA prApta ho jAtA hai|48-49 / / veda ko banAne vAle vidvAnoM ko to isa prakAra samvedana nahIM hotA hai ki svayaM anya pUrva janma meM par3he jA cuke gIta Adi ko hama isa vartamAna janma meM par3ha rahe haiM ata: una kaviyoM yA zAstraracayitAoM ko adhyetApana nahIM hai| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kahane para to saMvedana ke binA usI dina ke utpanna hue bacce
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________________ . tattvArthazlokavArtika * 381 iti saMvedanAbhAvAtteSAmadhyetRtA na cet / puurvaanubhuutpaanaadestdhrjaatdaarkaaH||51|| smartAraH kathamevaM syustathA saMvedanAdvinA / smRtiliMgavizeSAccetteSAM tatra prasAdhyate // 52 // kavInAM kiM na kAvyeSu pUrvAdhIteSu saanvyaa| yadi hyutpattivarNeSu padeSvartheSvanekadhA // 53 // vAkyeSu ceha kurvaMtaH kavayaH kaavymiikssitaaH| kiM na prajApatirvedAn kurvannevaM stiikssitH||54|| kazcitparIkSakairlokaiH sdbhistddeshkaalgaiH| tathA ca zrUyate sAmagirA sAmAni rugnirAT // 55 // RcaH kRtA iti kveyaM vedsyaapaurusseytaa| pratyabhijJAyamAnatvaM nityaikAMtaM na sAdhayet // 56 // paurvAparyavihInerthe tadayogAdvirodhataH / pUrvadRSTasya pazcAdyA dRzyamAnasya caikatAm // 57 // phira pahile janmoM meM iSTa sAdhakapane se anubhUta kie gae stanyapAna, apane mukhadvAra kI ora dUdha ko le jAnA, hAthoM se pakar3ane kA anusaMdhAna rakhanA Adi kriyAoM ke smaraNa karane vAle kaise ho sakeMge? arthAt pUrva janma meM kiye jA cuke kRtyoM kA aba samvedana hogA tabhI usake anusAra isa janma meM kriyAe~ kI jA sakatI haiM anyathA nahIM // 50-51 // vaidika zabdoM aura arthoM kI to una brahmA, manu Adi ko vizeSa rUpa se smRti hotI hai| ata: uttarajanma meM vizeSa samvedana hone ke kAraNa una manu Adi ke una vedoM meM vizeSa smRtisvarUpa jJApakaliMga se pUrvajanma kA adhyayana prakRSTa rUpa se anumAna dvArA siddha kiyA jAtA hai kintu kaviyoM ko vizeSa smRti nahIM hone ke kAraNa apane banAye gae gIta, kavitA Adi kA pUrvajanmoM meM adhyayana karanA nahIM siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra mImAMsaka ke kahane para. to kaviyoM kI bhI pUrvajanmoM meM par3he hue hI vartamAnakAlIna kAvyoM meM anvaya rUpa se Agata vaha vizeSa smRti kyoM nahIM mAna lI jAtI hai ? // 52 // yadi akAra, kakAra Adi vargoM meM yA subanta, tiGanta padoM meM athavA paraspara meM eka dUsare kI apekSA rakhane vAle padoM ke nirapekSa samudAyarUpa vAkyoM meM inake arthoM se aneka prakAra se utpatti honA dekhA jAtA hai, aura una varNa, pada, vAkyoM kI jor3a milAkara navIna kAvyoM ko karate hue kavijana dekhe gae haiM (athavA isI janma meM vizeSa vyutpatti ko prApta kara kavi loga naye-naye kAvyoM ko banA dete haiN|) isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kahane para brahmA bhI vedoM ko karane vAlA kyoM nahIM dekhA gayA kahA jAtA hai? vedoM ke banate samaya usa deza, usa kAla meM prApta hue rAgadveSavihIna sajjana laukika parIkSakoM ke dvArA veda kA kartA bhI koI puruSa dekhA gayA hai| veda, vedAMga, zruti, smRti, purANa Adi koI bhI akRtrima nahIM haiM, aura usa prakAra sunA bhI jAtA hai ki sAmaveda kI vANI ke dvArA sAmamaMtroM ko par3hA jAtA hai| usase aneka rogoM kA nivAraNa ho jAtA hai| Rgveda kI RcAyeM amuka RSiyoM ke dvArA banAyI gayI haiN| isa prakAra zrutiyA~ jaba utpanna huI sunI jA rahI haiM, to bhalA veda kA apauruSeyapanA kaise raha sakatA hai? // 53-54-55 // yadi kaho ki veda nitya hai, kyoMki yaha vahI hai, isa prakAra ekatva pratyabhijJAna sadA se veda kA hotA AyA hai| parantu yaha pratyabhijJAna kA viSayapanA hetu bhI veda ke ekAntarUpa se nityapane ko siddha nahIM kara sakatA hai kyoMki, pUrva, apara avasthAoM se rahita kUTastha padArtha meM usa ekatva pratyabhijJAna ke hone
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 382 vetti sA pratyabhijJeti prAyazo viniveditam / dRSTatvadRzyamAnatve rUpe pUrvApare na cet // 58 // bhAvasya pratyabhijJAnaM na syAttatrAzvazRMgavat / tadA nityAtmakaH zabdaH pratyabhijJAnato yathA // 59 / / devadattAdirityastu viruddho heturiiritH| darzanasya parArthatvAdityapi paradarzitaH // 60 // viruddho heturityevaM shbdktvprsaadhne| tato'kRtakatA siddherbhaavaannyshktitH||61|| vedasya prathamodhyetA karteti mtipuurvtH| padavAkyAtmakatvAcca bhAratAdivadanyathA // 2 // kA ayoga hai kyoMki usameM virodha doSa AtA hai| arthAt kUTastha to jaisA kA taisA hI rahegA, romAgramAtra bhI palaTa nahIM sakatA hai| pUrva meM yadi pratyabhijJAna kA viSaya nahIM thA, to pratyabhijJAna hone para bhI pratyabhijJAna dvArA jJeya nahIM ho sakatA hai| pahile dekhA jA cukApana aura aba dekhA jA rahApana, ye parivartita dharma kUTastha meM nahIM Tika sakate haiN| vaha dRSTa hogA to dRSTa hI rahegA aura yadi dRzyamAna ho gayA to sadA dRzyamAna hI banA rhegaa| pUrva kAla meM dekhe hue padArtha kI pIche vartamAna meM dekhe jA rahe padArtha ke sAtha ekatA ko jo jJAna jAnatA hai, vaha pratyabhijJAna hai| isa prakAra prAyaH kaI bAra hama pUrva meM vizeSarUpa se nivedana kara cuke haiM ataH kathaMcit pUrva, uttara avasthAoM ko thor3A palaTate hue kAlAMtarasthAyI padArtha meM pratyabhijJAna honA saMbhava hai||56-57|| vaidika zabdoM kI pUrva kAla meM dRSTatA aura vartamAna meM dRzyamAnapanA ye do svarUpa koI pahile pIche ke nahIM haiN| arthAt ye to kevala aupAdhika bhAva haiM ataH zabda kI kUTasthanityatA kA bAlAgra bhI TUTa nahIM sktaa| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM ke kahane para to ghor3e ke sIMga samAna kisI bhI padArtha kA vahA~ pratyabhijJAna nahIM ho skegaa| jisa prakAra zabda pratyabhijJAna hone se anityAtmaka siddha ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra devadatta, jinadatta, AkAza Adi bhI pratyabhijJAyamAna hetu se nitya, anitya Atmaka siddha ho skeNge| isa prakAra mImAMsakoM kA pratyabhijJAyamAnatva hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa kahA gayA hai| aisA samajhanA cAhie // 58-59 // vAcya artha kA bodha karAne ke lie bole gaye zabda to dUsaroM ke hitArtha hI hote haiN| isa prakAra zabda svarUpa darzana kA parArthapanA ho jAne se zabda kA ekapanA sAdhane meM diyA gayA "darzanasya parArthatva" yaha dUsaroM kA dikhalAyA gayA hetu bhI viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai| arthAt zabda ke sAdRzya ko lekara vAkya kA arthabodha kiyA jA sakatA hai| ata: sarvathA nityapana isa abhISTa sAdhya se viruddha kathaMcit nitya, anityapana ke sAtha vyApti rakhane vAlA hone se ukta hetu viruddha hetvAbhAsa hai||60|| __ata: naya yA yuktiyoM kI zakti se veda ke akRtrimapane kI siddhi kA abhAva ho jAne se veda pauruSeya siddha ho jAtA hai| mAnasa matijJAna yA usake bhI pUrvavartI vidvAnoM ke zAstra zravaNa rUpa matijJAna ko pUrvavartI kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hone se, bhArata, bhAgavatapurANa Adi granthoM ke samAna sarvaprathama veda ko par3hane vAlA vidvAn hI veda kA kartA hai| prathama adhyetA hI veda kA kartA hai - pada, vAkya, AtmakapanA hone se, jaise ki mahAbhArata, manusmRti Adi grantha sakartRka haiM, usI prakAra veda kA prathama adhyetA hI veda kA kartA hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 383 tadayogAdvirudhyeta saMgirau ca mhaansH| sarveSAM hi vizeSANAM kriyA zakyA vacottare // 63 // vedavAkyeSu dRzyAnAmanyeSAM ceti hetutaa| yuktAnyathA na dhUmAderagnyAdiSu bhvedsau||64|| tataH sarvAnumAnAnAmucchedaste duruttrH| pramANaM na punrvedvcsokRtrimtvtH||65|| sAdhyate cedbhavedarthavAdasyApi prmaanntaa| aduSTahetujanyatvaM tadvatprAmANyasAdhane // 66 // hetvaabhaasnmityuktmpuurvaarthtvmpydH| bAdhavarjitatA hetustatra cellaiMgikAdivat // 67 // kimakRtrimatA tasya poSyate kAraNaM vinaa| puMso doSAzrayatvena pauruSeyasya duSTatA // 68 // ___ arthAt matipUrvaka hone aura varNa, pada, vAkyasvarUpa hone se veda pauruSeya haiN| puruSa ke kaNTha, tAlu Adi sthAna yA prayatnoM se zabda navIna banAyA gayA hai anyathA (veda ko sakartRka mAne binA) usa matipUrvakapane kA aura pada, vAkya, Atmakapane kA ayoga hone se virodha hotA hai| jaise parvata meM mahAnasa (rasoIghara) kA virodha hai| ataH sampUrNa viSayoM kI kriyA anya vacanoM meM kI jA sakatI hai| bhAvArtha : eka bhramaNa yA gamana kriyA ko dekhakara vaisI dUsarI kriyAoM meM bhI sAdRzyamUlaka jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai| vedavAkyoM meM bhI dekhe gaye athavA anya sadRza zabdoM ko bhI zAbdabodha jJApaka hetupanA yukta hai| anyathA (sAdRzya anusAra dUsare hetuoM ko jJApaka hetu nahIM mAnA jAyegA, taba to) agni Adi sAdhyoM ko sAdhane meM diye gae dhUma Adi ko vaha jJApakahetupanA nahIM bana sakegA, ata: tumhAre yahA~ sampUrNa anumAnoM kA mUloccheda ho jaaegaa| isakA uttara tuma ati kaThinatA se bhI nahIM de sakate ho, ataH zruta zabdoM ke sadRza zabdoM ko sunakara bhI zAbdabodha ho jAtA hai ata: veda ko anitya mAnanA hI zreSTha hai||61-6263-64|| zaMkA : vedokta vacana akRtrima hone se pramANa nahIM - aisA kahane para to karmakANDa pratipAdaka maMtroM kI stuti karane vAle arthavAda kRtrima vAkyoM ko bhI pramANapanA prApta ho jaaegaa| arthAt unakA hI zravaNa, manana, dhyAna karanA cAhie, yaha siddha hogaa||65|| ___samAdhAna : mImAMsakoM dvArA vedavacana ko pramANapanA sAdhane meM diyA gayA aduSTa hetuoM se janyapanA hetu bhI usI akRtrimapana hetu ke samAna vyabhicArI hetvAbhAsa hai| yaha bhI ukta kathana ke dvArA kaha diyA gayA hai| arthAt yahA~ iSTa pramANoM meM pramANatA ko sAdhane ke lie prayukta kiye gae tIna jJApaka hetu to vedavacanoM ko pramANapanA sAdhane meM dUSita kara diye gae haiN||66|| una veda vacanoM meM pramANapanA siddha karane ke lie diyA gayA bAdhavarjitapanA hetu bhI liMgajanya anumAna yA pratyakSapramANa Adi ke samAna veda vacanoM ko anitya siddha karane vAlA hone se phira binA kAraNa hI usa veda kA akRtrimapanA kyoM puSTa kara rahA hai? // 67 // jaise anumAna Adi pramANa bAdhaka kAraNoM se rahita haiM arthAt anumAna pramANa ke mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai usI prakAra veda ko kRtrima mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahI hai to phira vyartha meM veda ko akRtrima siddha karane kA prayatna kyoM kiyA jA rahA hai| anumAna pramANa aura pratyakSa pramANa se veda kA kRtrimapanA siddha hI hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 384 zakyate tajasaMvitterato baadhnshNknN| ni:saMzayaM punarbAdhavarjitatvaM prsiddhyti||69|| kartRhInavaco vitterityakRtrimatArthakRt / pareSAmAgamasyeSTaM guNavadvaktRkatvataH // 70 // . sAdhIyasIti yo vakti sopi mImAMsakaH kathaM / samatvAdakSaliMgAdeH kasyacidduSTatA dRzaH / / 71 // shbdjnyaanvdaashNkaapttestjnmsNvidH| mithyAjJAnanimittasya yadyakSAdestadA na tAH // 72 // tAdRzaH kiM na vAkyasya shrutyaabhaastvmissyte| guNavadvaktRkatvaM tu parairiSTaM yadAgame // 73 // tatsAdhanAMtaraM tasya prAmANye kAMcana prti| sunirbAdhatvahetorvA samarthanaparaM bhavet // 74 // mImAMsaka kahate haiM ki jagat ke puruSa rAga, dveSa, ajJAna, svArtha, pakSapAta, IrSyA Adi aneka doSoM ke Azraya se yukta haiM ata: unake dvArA nirmita pauruSeya vacanoM meM duSTatA hai| kyoMki zabdoM ko banAne vAle hetu puruSa duSTa haiM ata: aise una doSayukta hetuoM se utpanna hue zAbdabodha ke bAdhakoM kI zaMkA kI jA sakatI. hai| saMzayarahita hokara bAdhavarjitapanA kartAhIna apauruSeya vacanoM se utpanna samvitti ke hI prasiddhi hai isalie veda kA akRtrimapanA hI arthakRta hai| (veda kA akRtrimapanA vyartha nahIM hai|) dUsare vAdI jainoM ke yahA~ Agama kA guNavAna vaktA dvArA uccArita zabdoM se janyapanA hone ke kAraNa pramANapanA iSTa kiyA gayA hai| usakI apekSA veda kA akRtrimapanA hI zreSTha hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki aisA kahane vAlA mImAMsaka bhI samIcIna . vicAra karane vAlA kaise samajhA jA sakatA hai? kyoMki aisA mAnane para pratyakSa ke kAraNa indriyA~ aura anumAna ke kAraNa jJApaka hetu tathA upamAna ke kAraNa sAdRzya Adi ko bhI samAnapane se nityatA mAnane kA prasaMga aayegaa| kisI doSI puruSa dvArA bole gae zabda se utpanna hue jJAna samAna kisI-kisI puruSa ke netroM ke bhI doSoM se sahitapanA dekhA jAtA hai ata: una cakSu, liMga, sAdRzya Adi se utpanna hue sabhI jJAnoM ko apramANapana kI AzaMkA kA prasaMga prApta ho jaayegaa| yadi mImAMsaka kaheM ki mithyAjJAna ke nimitta akSa, liMga Adi se samIcIna jJAna ke kAraNa akSa Adi bhinna haiM ata: samIcIna anitya cakSu Adi se utpanna huI ve samvittiyA~ duSTa kAraNajanya nahIM haiM, duSTa, indriya Adi se utpanna hue pratyakSa Adi to pratyakSAbhAsa, anumAnAbhAsa, upamAnAbhAsa kahe jAte haiN| taba to hama jaina kaha deMge ki jisa prakAra ke doSayukta puruSoM ke vAkyoM ko bhI zruti AbhAsapanA kyoM nahIM iSTa kara liyA jAe? doSayukta puruSoM ke vAkyoM se utpanna huA jJAna zrutAbhAsa hai athavA veda kI zrutiyA~ bhI jo bAdhA sahita arthoM ko kara rahI haiM, ve zruti-AbhAsa haiM // 6869-70-71-72 / aduSTakAraNajanyatva meM na kA artha paryudAsa saMgrahaNa karane para guNavAna hai vaktA jisakA, aisA guNavat vaktRkapanA to dUsaroM (syAdvAdI vidvAnoM) ke dvArA Agama meM iSTa kiyA gayA hai athavA kRtrima, smRti, jaimini sUtra Adi AgamoM meM dUsare mImAMsakoM ne guNavAna vaktA ke dvArA pratipAditapanA jo abhISTa kiyA hai, vaha to veda kA kinhIM-kinhIM vidvAnoM ke prati pramANapanA sAdhane meM eka dUsarA sAdhana upasthita ho jAtA hai| athavA bAdhArahitapana hetu se bhI usa pramANapana ko sAdhane vAle jJApakoM kA utkRSTa samarthana ho jAtA
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 385 tanno na pauruSeyatvaM bhavatastatra tAdRzaM / maMtrArthavAdaniSThasyApauruSeyasya bAdhanAt // 75 // vedasyApi payodAdidhvane!SphalyadarzanAt / satyaM zrutaM sunirNItAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvataH // 76 // pratyakSAdivadityetatsamyak prAmANyasAdhanaM / kadAcitsyAdapramANaM zuktau rajatabodhavat // 77 / / nApekSaM saMbhavadbAdhaM dezakAlanarAMtaraM / sveSTajJAnavadityasya nAnaikAMtikatA sthitiH||78|| hai ataH hamAre aura Apake yahA~ eka samAna dUSitakAraNajanya yA bAdhA sahita pauruSeyapanA samIcIna zruta meM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai parantu jisakA vaktA nirdoSa hai usake aduSTa kAraNajanyatva, apUrvArthatva, bAdhAvarjitatva usa sadAgama meM ghaTita ho jAte haiN|73-74 // __karma pratipAdaka maMtra aura arthavAda meM niSThA rakhane vAle apauruSeya ke pramANa se bAdhA AtI hai| arthAt ve apauruSeya hote hue bhI bAdhA rahita nahIM hone ke kAraNa tumhAre yahA~ pramANa tathA apauruSeyapanA kisI bhI pramANa kA sAdhaka nahIM hai| corI, vyabhicAra Adi kukarmoM ke upadeza yA gAlI, kuvacana Adi bhI duSTasampradAya anusAra kAla se cale A rahe haiN| etAvatA hI unameM prAmANya nahIM A jAtA hai| jaise ki bAdaloM kA garjanA, bijalI kA kar3akanA, samudra kA putkAra karanA ityAdi dhvaniyoM kA niSphalapanA dekhA jAtA hai, usI prakAra apauruSeya veda ko bhI niSphalapanA prApta hai| tathA akRtrimapanA, prAcInatA athavA arvAcInatA koI samIcInatA ke prayojaka nahIM haiN|||75|| ataH yahA~ taka yaha siddhAnta siddha huA ki zabdAtmaka yA jJAnAtmaka zruta satya hai-bAdhakoM ke asambhava hone kA nirNaya hone se pratyakSa, anumAna Adi ke samAna / isa prakAra yaha pramANapane kA sAdhana samIcIna hai| arthAt zAstroM kI samIcInatA ko sAdhane ke lie bAdhakoM ke asambhava kA nirNaya honA rUpa hetu nirdoSa hai| kabhI-kabhI jhUThe zAstra apramANa bhI ho jAte haiN| jaise ki sIpa meM cA~dI kA jJAna apramANa hai| jo zruta pramANa nahIM hai, usameM bAdhakoM kA utthAna ho jAtA hai| jaise ki sIpa meM hue cA~dI ke jJAna meM "yaha cA~dI nahIM hai" - isa prakAra kA bAdhaka pramANa sthita hai||76-77|| __mImAMsakoM ke apane abhISTa pratyakSa Adi jJAnoM meM jaise bAdhakoM kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai, usI prakAra samIcIna zruta meM, dezAntara meM yA dUsare kAloM meM, athavA anya puruSoM dvArA bAdhAyeM hone kI apekSA nahIM hai| arthAt Adhunika aihika puruSoM ke samAna dezAntara, kAlAntara ke manuSya bhI ekasI pramANapana, apramANapana kI vyavasthA karate haiN| ataH samIcIna zruta to sabhI deza, sampUrNa kAla aura akhila vyaktiyoM kI apekSA se bAdhArahita hai ataH sunizcitAsambhavadvAdhakapana isa hetu ke vyabhicArIpana (anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa) kI vyavasthiti nahIM ho sakatI hai||78|| avyakta (avizada) rUpa se artha ko kahane vAle vacanoM se utpanna hue zrutajJAna kI pratyakSa pramANoM dvArA bAdhA kA abhAva hone se samIcIna zAstra dvArA kahe gaye anekAnta meM kisI kAla meM bhI pratyakSa pramANoM se bAdhA upasthiti kA abhAva hone se yaha asambhava bAdhaka hetu asiddha hetvAbhAsa bhI nahIM hai| anumAna
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 386 na ca hetursiddhoymvyktaarthvcovidH| pratyakSabAdhanAbhAvAdanekAMte kadAcana // 79 // anumeye'numAnena baadhvaidhurynirnnyaat| tRtIyasthAnasaMkrAMte tvAgamAvayavena ca // 8 // parAgame pramANatvaM naivaM saMbhAvyate sdaa| dRSTeSTabAdhanAtsarvazUnyatvAgamabodhavat // 8 // bhAvAdyekAMtavAcAnAM sthitaM dRSTeSTabAdhanaM / sAmaMtabhadrato nyAyAditi nAtra prapaMcitam // 8 // kariSyate ca tadvatsa yathAvasaramagrataH / yuktyA sarvatra tattvArthe paramAgamagocaram // 83 // pramANa se jAnane yogya anekAnta meM anumAna ke dvArA bAdhA nahIM Ane kA nirNaya ho jAne se aura pratyakSa, anumAna ina do pramANoM se pRthak tIsare Agamagamya sthAna meM saMkrAnta prameya meM Agama pramANoM ke avayavoM ke dvArA bAdhA rahitapane kA nirNaya ho rahA hai| pratyakSa yogya, anumAna gocara aura Agama viSaya padArthoM meM pratyakSa, anumAna, Agama, pramANa to pratyuta zruta ke sAdhaka ho rahe haiN| ve samIcIna zruta ke kabhI bAdhaka nahIM haiN| syAdvAdiyoM ke zruta yA zrutajJAna - kA koI bhI bAdhaka nahIM hai, ataH bAdhA rahitapanA hI zruta kI satyatA kA jJApaka hetu hai||79-80|| dUsare naiyAyika, mImAMsaka Adi ke dvArA svIkRta Agama meM pramANapanA sarvadA saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki una dUsaroM ke Agamokta tattvoM meM pratyakSa anumAna Adi pramANoM ke dvArA bAdhA AtI hai, jaise ki sabhI padArthoM ke zUnyapane yA upaplutapane ko puSTa karane vAle Agama jJAnoM kI pramANatA ina pratyakSa aura anumAnoM se bAdhita yukti, zAstra, anubhavoM se virodha rahita vacanoM ko kahane vAle aha~ta deva hI nirdoSa sarvajJa haiN| arhata deva kA pratipAdita kiyA gayA Agama hI pramANa hai| zrI jinendradeva ke matarUpI amRta se jo prANI bAhya hai, yA apane Apta ke abhimAna meM dagdha hai, unakA abhISTa pratyakSa pramANa se bAdhita hai|81|| kapila, zUnyavAdI, naiyAyika, advaitavAdI, bauddha, mImAMsaka, vaizeSika Adi ekAntavAdiyoM dvArA mAne gaye bhAva ekAnta, abhAvaekAnta, bhedaekAnta, abhedaekAnta, kSaNikaekAnta, nityaekAnta Adi ekAnta vacanoM ke pratyakSa, anumAna Adi pramANoM se bAdhA AtI hai| sampUrNa jIvoM ke cAroM ora se kalyANa karane vAle zrI samantabhadrAcArya ke devAgama stotra meM kahI gayI nIti se ekAnta vacanoM kA pramANoM se bAdhita ho jAnA prasiddha hai ata: isa prakaraNa meM hamane adhika vistArapUrvaka vicAra nahIM kiyA hai| bhagavAna samantabhadrAcArya ne "bhAvaikAnte padArthAnAM" - yahA~ se prArambha kara "iti syAdvAdasaMsthiti:" paryanta AptamImAMsA meM sadekAnta, ekatvaikAnta, pRthaktvaikAnta, avAcyaikAnta, nityaikAnta, hetuvAda, AgamavAda, puruSArthavAda, jJAnastokavAda Adi ekAnta vacanoM meM aneka bAdhAyeM siddha kara dI haiN| (jinheM) vahA~ dekhanA caahie| tathA usI ke samAna aura bhI yathAyogya avasara para Age isa grantha meM bhI zrI guruvarya samantabhadrasvAmI kI zikSA ke anusAra isa tattvArtha-mokSazAstra meM paramAgama ke viSayabhUta sUkSmatattvoM ko saba sthaloM para yukti ke dvArA siddha kara diyA jAegA // 83 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 387 proktabhedaprabhedaM tacchutameva hi tadRDhaM / prAmANyamAtmasAtkuryAditi naziMtayAtra kim // 84 // tadevaM zrutasyApauruSeyataikAMtamapAkRtya kathaMcidapauruSeyatvepi codanAyAH prAmANyasAdhanAsaMbhavaM vibhAvya syAdvAdasya ca sunizcitAsaMbhavadbAdhakatvaM prAmANyasAdhanaM vyavasthApya sarvathaikAMtAnAM tadasaMbhavaM bhagavatsamaMtabhadrAcAryanyAyAdbhAvAdye kAMtanirAkaraNapravaNAdAvedya vakSyamANAcca nyAyAtsaMkSepataH pravacanaprAmANyadADhaya'mavadhArya tatra nizcitaM nAmAtmasAtkRtya saMprati zrutasvarUpapratipAdakamakalaMkagraMthamanuvAdapurassaraM vicArayati; isa sUtra meM do, aneka, bAraha bheda-prabhedoM se yukta zruta hI kahA gayA hai aura vaha zruta hI dRr3hapramANapane ko apane adhIna kara skegaa| isa prakAra aba yahA~ hamako adhika cintA karane se kyA prayojana hai? // 84 // isa prakAra zruta kI mImAMsakoM dvArA racita apauruSeyatA ke ekAnta kA khaNDana kara aura kathaMcit vidhi liGanta vedavAkyoM ke apauruSeyapanA hote hue bhI unameM prAmANya kI siddhi ke asambhava kA vicAra kara tathA syAdvAdasiddhAnta ke hI pramANapane kI vastubhUta sAdhana se nizcita kI gayI bAdhakoM kI asambhavatA ko vyavasthApita kara evaM ca sarvathA ekAntavAdoM ko usa prAmANya ke asambhava kA bhAva, abhAva, nityapana, anityapana Adi ekAntoM ke nirAkaraNa karane meM pravINa bhagavAna zrI samantabhadrAcArya ke nyAya se nivedana kara aura bhaviSya meM samantabhadra kI zikSAnusAra kahe jAne vAle nyAya se saMkSepa meM yathArtha pravacana ke pramANapana kI dRr3hatA kA nirNaya karAkara usameM nizcitapane ko apane adhIna kara, aba isa samaya zruta ke svarUpa ko pratipAdana karane vAle zrI akalaMkAcArya ke grantha kA anuvAdapUrvaka vicAra karate haiN| bhAvArtha : yahA~ taka zruta kI apauruSeyatA kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| veda ko apauruSeya mAnane para bhI meghadhvani Adi ke samAna pramANapane kI siddhi honA asambhava hai| yahA~ koI kahate haiM ki zabda kI yojanA laga jAne se vaha jJAna zruta ho jAtA hai| isa para do vikalpa uThate haiM ki zabda kI yojanA kara dene se zruta hI hotA hai? athavA zruta zabda kI anuyojanA se zruta hotA hai? zruta hI zabda kI yojanA se hotA hai, isa prakAra pahalA niyama karane se to zrI akalaMkadeva kA kahanA yuktipUrNa hai| koI virodha nahIM hai, kyoMki zabda kI yojanA karane ke pIche jo koI vAcya artha hotA hai, vaha saba zrutajJAna hai| yadi anyathA (zabda kI anuyojanA se hI zruta hotA hai aisI) avadhAraNA kI jAegI, taba to iSTasiddhAnta se virodha AegA, kyoMki zrutajJAna ke yadi zabda kI anuyojanA ko zrutapanA kahA jAegA, taba to zrotra indriyajanya jJAna matijJAna nahIM ho sakegA parantu zabda ke zrAvaNapratyakSa ko zrotra matijJAna kahate haiN| usameM zabda kI yojanA laga jAne se vaha zrutajJAna ho jaaegaa| athavA jJAna meM kAlA hai, nIlA hai - Adi zabdoM kI yojanA se yadi zrutapanA vyavasthita kiyA jAegA to zrotra se anya cakSu, rasanA, ghrANa Adi indriyajanya matijJAnoM ko nimitta pAkara utpanna huA zrutajJAna nahIM ho sktaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 388 atra pracakSate kecicchrutaM shbdaanuyojnaat| tatpUrvaniyamAdyuktaM naanythessttvirodhtH||85|| zabdAnuyojanAdeva zrutaM hi yadi kthyte| tadA zrotramatijJAnaM na syAnnAnyamatau bhavam // 86 // yadyapekSavacasteSAM zrutaM saaNvyvhaarikN| sveSTasya bAdhanaM na syAditi saMpratipadyate // 87 // na sosti pratyayo loke yaH zabdAnugamAdRte / ityekAMtaM nirAkartuM tathoktaM tairiheti vA // 8 jJAnamAdyaM smRti: saMjJA ciMtA caabhinibodhikN| prAgnAmasaMsRtaM zeSaM zrutaM zabdAnuyojanAt // 89 // atrAkalaMkadevAH prAhuH "jJAnamAdyaM smRti: saMjJA ciMtA cAbhinibodhikaM / prAGnAmayojanAccheSaM zrutaM shbdaanuyojnaat|" iti tatredaM vicAryate matijJAnAdAdyAdAbhinibodhikaparyaMtAccheSaM zrutaM zabdAnuyojanAdevetyavadhAraNaM zrutameva zabdAnuyojanAditi vA ? yadi zrutameva zabdAnuyojanAditi pUrvaniyamastadA na kazcidvirodha: bhAvArtha : zabda kI yojanA se hI yadi zruta samajhA jAegA, taba to zrotra matipUrvaka hI zruta hogaa| cakSu Adi matipUrvaka zruta nahIM ho sakegA kintu yaha bAta jaina siddhAnta ke viruddha par3atI hai| zabda kI yojanA se hI zruta hotA hai| isa prakAra una akalaMkadeva ke vacana yadi samIcIna vyAvahArika apekSA karake kahe gae haiM, taba to apane iSTa siddhAnta meM bAdhA nahIM A sakatI, kyoMki anya indriyajanya matijJAnoM ko nimitta kAraNa mAnakara utpanna huA zrutajJAna jAnA jA rahA hai ataH zruta meM zabda yojanA kA niyama karanA Avazyaka nahIM hai| avAcya padArthoM ke aneka zrutajJAna hote haiN| sparzana Adi indriyoM se arthoM kA matijJAna kara ananta arthAntaroM kA jJAna hotA hai vaha saba zruta hI hai|85-56-87|| ___ loka meM aisA koI bhI jJAna nahIM hai jo ki zabda ke anugamana ke binA hI ho jAtA ho| (sabhI jJAna aura jJeya zabda meM anuviddha hote haiN)| isa prakAra ke zabdaikAnta kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie akalaMkadeva ne isa prakAra zabda kI yojanA ke pUrva matijJAna hotA hai aura pIche zabda kI yojanA lagA dene se zrutajJAna ho jAtA hai - aisA kahA hai, so ThIka hI hai| arthAt indriyoM dvArA sparza, rasa, rUpa, gandha, zabda, sukha Adi ke jJAna to matijJAna haiM aura yaha usase komala hai, 'yaha usase adhika mIThA hai'- ityAdi zabda yojanA kara dene para hone vAlA jJAna zrutajJAna hai| zrI akalaMkadeva kA yahI abhiprAya hai ki zabda kI yojanA se pUrva avagraha Adi tathA smRti, saMjJA, cintA aura abhinibodha- ye saba jJAna matijJAna svarUpa haiM kintu zabda kI anuyojanA kara dene se nAma karake Azrita ho jAne para ve avagrahAdijJAna zrutajJAnarUpa ho jAte haiN||88-89|| __isa prakaraNa meM zrI akalaMkadeva ne kahA hai ki nAma yojanA se pUrva smRti, saMjJA, ciMtA aura anumAna jJAna parokSa matijJAnarUpa hai aura zabdoM kI yojanA kara dene se to ve jJAna parokSa zrutasvarUpa ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra akalaMkadeva ke usa vyAkhyAna meM yaha vicAra kiyA gayA hai ki matizabda ko Adi lekara abhinibodhaparyanta vyavasthitajJAna pUrva meM matijJAna hai| zeSa pIche zabda kI yojanA kara dene se hI zrutajJAna ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra eva lagAkara avadhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai? athavA zruta hI zabdoM kI anuyojanA se hotA hai, isa prakAra eva lagAkara avadhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai?
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 389 shbdsNsRssttjnyaansyaashrutjnyaantvvyvcchedaat| atha zabdAnuyojanAdeva zrutamiti niyamastadA zrotramatipUrvakameva zrutaM na cakSurAdimatipUrvakamiti siddhAMtavirodha: syAt / sAMvyavahArikaM zAbdaM jJAnaM zrutamityapekSayA tathA niyame tu neSTabAdhAsti cakSurAdimatipUrvakasyApi zrutasya paramArthatobhyupagamAt svsmysNprtiptteH| athavA "na sosti pratyayo loke yaH shbdaanugmaadRte| anuviddhamivAbhAti sarvaM zabde pratiSThitaM // " ityekAMtaM nirAkartuM prAgnAmayojanAdAdyamiSTaM na tu tannAmasaMsRSTamiti vyAkhyAnamAkalaMkamanusatavyaM / tathA sati yadAha para: "vAgrUpatA yadi "zrutam zabdAnuyojanAt" yahA~ zruta hI zabda kI anuyojanA se hotA hai| isa prakAra prathama vidheyadala meM evakAra dvArA niyama kiyA jAegA, taba to zrI akalaMkadeva ke vyAkhyAna se koI virodha nahIM hai kyoMki zabda ke sAtha saMsarga ko prApta jJAna ke zruta se bhinna azrutajJAna kA usI prakAra avadhAraNa karane se vyavaccheda honA sambhava hai| bhAvArtha : zabda kI yojanA se jo jJAna hogA vaha zruta hI hogaa| zrutabhinna kisI matijJAna, avadhi, manaHparyaya yA kevalajJAna svarUpa nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi zabda kI anuyojanA se hI zruta hotA hai, isa prakAra niyama kiyA jAyegA taba to zrotra indriyajanya matijJAnasvarUpa nimitta se hI zrutajJAna ho skegaa| cakSu, rasanA Adi indriyoM se janya matijJAnoM ko nimitta kAraNa mAnakara zrutajJAna nahIM ho sakegA, kintu rasanA Adi indriyoM se paramparayA tathA anya prakAroM se bhI aneka avAcya arthoM ke zrutajJAna jagat meM prasiddha haiM ataH ukta prakAra niyama karane para siddhAnta se virodha AtA hai| upadeza denA, sunanA yA zAstra ko par3hanA, bA~canA, Agamagamya prameyoM ko yuktiyoM se samajhAnA Adi samIcIna vyavahAra meM zabdajanyajJAna sabhI zruta haiN| isa apekSA karake yadi zabdayojanA se hI zruta hai, isa prakAra niyama kiyA jAyegA, taba to iSTa siddhAnta meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai, kyoMki cakSu Adi se utpanna hue matijJAna ko pUrvavartI kAraNa mAnakara utpanna zrutoM ko paramArtharUpa se zrI akalaMkadeva ne svIkAra kara liyA hai| isa prakAra apane siddhAnta kI samIcIna pratipatti ho jAtI hai| athavA, "jagat meM aisA koI bhI jJAna nahIM hai, jo zabda ke anugamana binA hI ho jAtA ho| sampUrNa padArtha zabda meM anuviddha hue ke samAna pratiSThita ho rahe haiN|" isa prakAra zabda ke ekAnta kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie nAmayojanA ke pahale to Adima matijJAna iSTa kiyA gayA hai kintu nAma ke saMsarga se yukta vaha jJAna matijJAna nahIM hai, kintu zruta hai, isa prakAra zrI akalaMkadeva dvArA kahe gae vyAkhyAna kA zraddhApUrvaka anukaraNa karanA cAhie aura usa prakAra hone para yAnI zabdoM ke saMsarga se rahita matijJAna kI siddhi ho jAne para yaha mantavya bhI usa zabdaikAntavAdI kA nirAkRta kara diyA jAtA hai| . jo anya matAvalambI zabdAdvaitavAdI kahatA hai - ki "sarvadA nitya rahane vAlA zabdasvarUpapanA yadi jJAnoM meM se uchAlakara dUra kara diyA jAegA, taba to jJAna kA prakAza hI prakAzita nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki vaha zabda svarUpapanA hI to jJAna meM aneka
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 390 cedutkrAmedavabodhasya shaashvtii| na prakAzaH prakAzeta sA hi pratyavamarzinI' iti tadapAstaM bhavati tayAM vinaivAbhinibodhikasya prakAzanAdityAvedayativAgrUpatA tato na syAdyoktA prtyvmrshinii| matijJAnaM prakAzeta sadA taddhi tayA vinA // 10 // na hIMdriyajJAnaM vAcA sNsRssttmnyonyaashryprsNgaat| tathAhi / na tAvadajJAtvA vAcA sNsRjedtiprsNgaat| jJAtvA saMsRjatIti cet tenaiva saMvedanenAnyena vA ? tenaiva cedanyonyAzrayaNamanyena cedanavasthAnaM / atra zabdAdvaitavAdinAmajJatvamupadI dUSayannAha;prakAra ke vicAroM ko karane vAlA hai|" isa kathana kA bhI AcAryoM ne nirAkaraNa kiyA hai kyoMki zabda yojanA ke binA bhI avagraha Adi aura smRti Adi matijJAna jagat meM prakAzita haiN| artha aura zabda kA koI ajahat sambandha bhI nahIM hai| zabda yojanA se rikta matijJAna ko granthakAra svayaM nivedana karate haiN| . ___ isalie zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ne jo jJAna meM vAgUpatA ko hI vicAra karane vAlA kahA thA, vaha yukta nahIM hai kyoMki usa zabdasvarUpapane ke binA bhI vaha matijJAna niyama se sadA prakAzita rahatA hai| bhAvArtha : indriya aura mana se jo jJAna hote haiM, ve arthavikalpasvarUpa AkAra se sahita avazya haiM, kintu zabdAnuviddha nahIM haiN| vastu ko nirUpaNa karane para vaha matijJAna zrutajJAna ho jAtA hai| matijJAna ke sAtha avinAbhAva rakhane vAle zrutajJAna meM hI zabda yojanA lagatI hai| savikalpaka mati, avadhi, mana:paryaya aura kevalajJAna ye saba svakIya svarUpa meM avaktavya haiN| zrutajJAna kA alpabhAga hI zabda yojanA ke yogya hai||10|| indriyoM se utpanna matijJAna to zabdoM ke sAtha saMsargayukta hotA nahIM hai| anyathA anyonyAzraya doSa ho jAne kA prasaMga AtA hai| isI ko spaSTa kara AcArya kahate haiM ki pUrva meM ajJAta vacanoM ke sAtha jJAna kA saMsarga nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki aisA mAnane para atiprasaMga doSa AtA hai| arthAt - binA jAne hI zabdoM kA saMsarga laga jAne se to cAhe jisa ajJAta padArtha ko vacanoM dvArA bolanA zakya ho jaayegaa| kITa, pataMga, pazu, pakSI bhI ajJAta ananta padArtha ke zabdayojaka bana jaayeNge| yadi isa atiprasaMga ke nivAraNArtha padArtha ko jAna karake zabda kA saMsarga ho jAtA hai - isa prakAra mAnoge, taba to hama kaheMge ki usI zabdasaMsRSTa hone vAle samvedana ke dvArA jJAna honA mAnoge? athavA kyA anya kisI jJAna ke dvArA indriyajJAna ko jAnakara usake sAtha vacanoM kA saMsarga honA iSTa karoge? yadi prathama pakSAnusAra usI jJAna ke dvArA jAna lenA mAnA jAegA to anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai. kyoMki usI jJAna se indriyajJAna kA jAnanA siddha hotA hai aura indriya jJAna ke jAna liye jAne para usakA jAnanA siddha hotA hai| arthAt - zabda kA saMsarga ho jAne para jJAna honA siddha hotA hai aura jJAna ho jAne para zabda kA saMsarga honA siddha hotA hai| yadi dvitIya pakSAnusAra anya samvedana karake indriya jJAna ko jAnA jAegA, taba to anavasthA hogI kyoMki anyajJAna ko bhI jAnakara vacanoM kA saMsarga taba lagAyA jAegA jabaki tRtIya jJAna se usa anya jJAna ko jAna liyA jaaegaa| isa prakAra jJAnoM ke jJApaka caturtha, paMcama Adi jJAnoM kI bar3hatI-bar3hatI dUra jAkara bhI avasthiti nahIM hogI, ataH kathamapi indriyajanya jJAnoM ke sAtha vacanoM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 391 vaikharI madhyamAM vAcaM vinAkSajJAnamAtmanaH / svasaMvedanamiSTaM nonyonyAzrayaNamanyathA // 11 // pazyaMtyA tu vinA naitadvyavasAyAtmavedanam / yuktaM na cAtra saMbhAvyaH proktonyonyasamAzrayaH // 12 // vyApinyA sUkSmayA vAcA vyAptaM sarvaM ca vedanaM / tayA vinA hi pazyaMtI vikalpAtmA kutaH punH||13|| madhyamA tadabhAve kva nirbIjA vaikharI ravAt / tataH sA zAzvatI sarvavedaneSu prakAzate // 14 // iti yepi smaaddhyustepynaalocitoktyH| zabdabrahmaNi nirbhAge tathA vaktumazaktitaH // 15 // na hyavasthAzcatasrosya styaadvaitprsNgtH| na ca tAsAmavidyAtvaM tattvAsiddhau prasiddhyati // 16 // kA saMsarga nahIM hotA hai ve apane svarUpa se avAcya hokara pratiSThita haiN| arthAt matijJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryaya jJAna aura kevala jJAna svArtha haiM apane svarUpa kA anubhava karate haiM, dUsaroM ko samajhAne kI unameM sAmarthya nahIM hai, parantu zrutajJAna parArtha aura svArtha donoM prakAra kA hai, vacanAtmaka parArtha hai ataH matijJAna zabdAtmaka nahIM, vacanAtmaka zruta jJAna hI hai| isa avasara para zabdAdvaitavAdI vidvAnoM kA ajJapanA dikhalAkara unako doSayukta karate hue AcArya kahate haiM - zabdAdvaitavAdI kA kathanaH vaikharI aura madhyamA nAmaka do vANiyoM ke binA indriyajanya jJAna hamako iSTa hai aura AtmA kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa bhI vaikharI aura madhyamAvANI kI zabdayojanA ke binA hI hamane svIkAra kiyA hai ata: pUrva meM diyA gayA anyonyAzraya doSa hamAre Upara lAgU nahIM ho sktaa| anyathA pazyantI nAmaka vANI ke binA indriyajanya matijJAna aura AtmA kA svasaMvedana pratyakSa yaha nizcayAtmaka jJAna honA yukta nahIM hai| isa pazyantI vANI se indriyajanya jJAna aura AtmajJAna ko anuviddha mAnane para hI anyonyAzraya doSa saMbhava nahIM hai|91-92|| ___ jyotisvarUpa hokara sabake antaraMga meM prakAzita nitya, vyApaka, sUkSmA nAmakI vANI ke dvArA sampUrNa jJAna hI vyApta ho rahe haiM kyoMki, usa sUkSmA ke binA vikalpasvarUpa pazyantI vANI bhI kaise ho sakatI hai? aura usa pazyantI vANI ke abhAva meM puna: vaha bIja rahita madhyamAvANI bhI kaise ho sakatI hai? aura madhyamA zabda ke binA vaikharI kahA~ Tika sakatI hai? nimitta binA naimittika kArya nahIM ho sakate ataH vaha sarva vANiyoM kI AdyajananI sanAtana, nitya, sUkSmA vANI sampUrNa jJAnoM meM prakAzita rahatI hai ataH indriya anindriya jJAnoM meM jo bhI kucha prakAza dikha rahA hai, vaha saba sUkSmAvANIrUpa hai||93-94 / / jainAcArya isakA pratyuttara dete haiM ki ukta prakAra se jo bhI koI zabdAdvaitavAdI samAdhAna karate haiM, vaha bhI saba avicArita (kathana) hai, kyoMki bhAgarahita, niraMza, akhaNDa zabda brahma meM cAra bheda kara kathana karanA zakya nahIM hai| arthAt niraMza zabda brahma kI bhinna-bhinna cAra avasthAyeM satya nahIM haiM kyoMki cAra avasthAoM ko satya mAnane para to dvaita kA prasaMga AtA hai tathA una cAra avasthAoM kA avidyApanA bhI zabdabrahma ke paramArtharUpa se astitva kI siddhi nahIM hone se prasiddha nahIM ho sakatA hai|95-96||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 392 ___ caturvidhA hi vAgvaikharI madhyamA pazyaMtI sUkSmA ceti| tatrAkSajJAnaM vinaiva vaikharyA madhyamayA cAtmanaH prabhavati svasaMvedanaM ca anyathAnyonyAzrayaNasya durnivaartvaat| tata evAnavasthAparihAropi / na caivaM vAgrUpatA sarvavedaneSu pratyavamarzinIti virudhyate pazyatyA vAcA vinaakssjnyaanaaderpysNbhvaat| taddhi yadi vyavasAyAtmakaM tadA vyavasAyarUpAM pazyaMtIvAcaM kastatra niraakuryaadvyvsaayaatmktvprsNgaat| na caiva manyonyAzrayonavasthA vA yugptsvkaarnnvshaadvaaksNvednyostaadaatmymaapnnyorbhaavaat| yatpunaravyavasAyAtmakaM darzanaM tatpazyaMtyApi vinopajAyamAnaM na vAcAnanugataM sUkSmayA vAcA sahotpadyamAnatvAt tasyAH sakalasaMvedanAnuyAyisvabhAvatvAt / tayA vinA punaH pazyaMtyA madhyamAyA vaikharyAzcotpattivirodhAdanyathA nirbiijtvprsNgaat| tatastadvIjamicchatA vaikharI, madhyamA, pazyantI aura sUkSmA ina bhedoM se zabdavANI cAra prakAra kI hai| bhAvArtha : manuSya, pazu, pakSI Adi ke bolane, sunane meM Ane vAlI sthUlavANI vaikharI hai| jApa dete samaya yA cupake pATha karate samaya antaraMga meM jalpa kI gaI zvAsa ucchvAsa kI apekSA nahIM rakhane vAlI . vANI madhyamA hai tathA varNa, pada, mAtrA, udAtta Adi vibhAgoM se rahita vANI pazyantI hai jo ki padArthoM ke jAnane svarUpa hai evaM aMtaraMga jyotisvarUpa sUkSmAvANI jagat meM sarvadA sarvatra vyApta ho rahI hai| una vANiyoM meM se vaikharI aura madhyamA ke binA bhI indriyajanyajJAna aura AtmA kA svasamvedana pratyakSa utpanna ho jAtA hai| anyathA indriya aura Atma saMvedana meM madhyamA aura vaikharI kA saMsarga mAnane para anyonyAzrayadoSa kA nivAraNa kaThinatA se bhI nahIM ho skegaa| anavasthA tathA parihAra bhI nahIM ho skegaa| tathA isa prakAra mAnane para sampUrNa jJAnoM meM vicAra karane vAlI mAnI gayI vAgarUpatA viruddha nahIM par3atI hai| kyoMki, pazyantI vANI ke binA indriyajJAna Adi kA doSa bhI asambhava hai| arthAt - indriyajJAna Adi meM pazyaMtI vANI ke sAtha tAdAtmya ho jAne se vAksvarUpapanA abhISTa kiyA hai kyoMki nizcayAtmaka, vyavasAyasvarUpa pazyaMtI vANI kA unameM se kauna nirAkaraNa kara sakegA? anyathA indriyajJAna Adi ko anizcayAtmakatva kA prasaMga aayegaa| vaha nizcayasvarUpa ko prApta pazyantI vANI kA hI.mAhAtmya hai| isa prakAra hama advaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ anyonyAzraya athavA anavasthA doSa nahIM AtA hai kyoMki apane kAraNoM ke vaza se tadAtmakapane ko prApta hI vacana aura jJAnoM kI yugapat utpatti honA mAnA gayA hai| jo punaH anizcayAtmaka darzana pazyantI vANI ke binA bhI utpanna hotA hai parantu sabhI vANiyoM ke sAtha vaha ananugata nahIM hai arthAt anugata hai kyoMki caitanya svarUpa nirvikalpadarzana sUkSma vANI ke sAtha hI utpanna hotA hai tathA usa sakSma vANI kA sakala saMvedana ke sAtha anagata hokara rahanA svabhAva hai| u sUkSma vANI ke binA pazyantI, vaikharI aura madhyamA kI utpatti kA virodha hai| anyathA (yadi sUkSmA vANI ke binA hI pazyantI Adi vANI kI utpatti mAna lene para) madhyamA Adi vANI ke nirbIjatA kA prasaMga AyegA arthAt sUkSmA vANI rUpa kAraNa ke binA bhI madhyamA Adi kI utpatti rUpa kArya kI utpatti ho jaaegii| isalie tInoM vacanoM ko bIjabhUta svIkAra karane vAle vidvAna puruSoM ko pazyantI, madhyamA, vaikharI ko utpanna karane kI zaktirUpa, sarvadA sarvavyApinI aura satata prakAzamAna sUkSmA vANI ko avazyaM svIkAra karanA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 393 tadutpAdanazaktirUpA sUkSmA vAk vyApinI satataM prkaashmaanaabhyupgNtvyaa| saivAnupariharatyabhidhAnAdyapekSAyAM bhavedanyonyasaMzraya iti dUSaNaM "abhilaaptdNshaanaambhilaapvivektH| apramANaprameyatvamavazyamanuSajyate" ityanavasthAnaM ca abhilApasya tadbhAgAnAM vA parAbhilApena vaikharIrUpeNa madhyamArUpeNa ca vinirbAdhasaMvedanotpatterapramANaprameyatvAnuSaMgAbhAvAditi ye samAdadhate tepyanAlocitoktaya eva, niraMzazabdabrahmaNi tathA vktumshkteH| tasyAvasthAnAM catasRNAM satyatve'dvaitavirodhAt / tAsAmavidyAtvAdadoSa iti cenna, zabdabrahmaNonaMzasya vidyAtvasiddhau tdvsthaanaamvidyaatvaaprsiddhH| taddhi zabdabrahma niraMzamiMdriyapratyakSAdanumAnAtsvasaMvedanapratyakSAdAgamAdvA na prasiddhyatItyAha yadi vaha sUkSmA vANI bhI vAcaka zabda saMketa Adi kI apekSA karatI hai to anyonyAzraya doSa AtA hai ataH sUkSmA vANI meM zabda yojanA saMketa Adi kI apekSA nahIM hai| tathA vAcaka devadatta zabda aura usake dakAra, ekAra, vakAra Adi aMzoM ke vAcaka punaH anya zabdoM kA vicAra karane se avazya hI apramANatva aura aprameyatva kA prasaMga aaegaa| ____ bhAvArtha : yadi sabhI vAcaka zabda aura jJAyaka jJAnoM meM zabda kA anuviddhapanA mAnA jAegA to viziSTa manuSya kA vAcaka devadatta zabda meM sthita de, va, Adi ke vAcaka zabda bhI zabdAntara kI apekSA kareMge atiprasaMga aura anavasthA doSa AegA ataH prameya ke jJApaka jJAna aura usase anaviddha zabda tathA zabdoM ke vAcaka bhI anya zabda evaM anya zabdoM ke bhI vAcaka aura anya zabdoM ke bhI aMzoM ko kahane vAle zabdAntaroM kA vicAra karane para jagat meM na koI pramANa vyavasthita ho sakatA hai aura na kisI prameya kI siddhi ho sakatI hai, parantu, zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke anavasthA doSa nahIM A sakatA kyoMki vAcaka zabda aura usake varNa, mAtra svarUpa aMzoM kA kathana karane vAle zabdAntaroM tathA vaikharI, madhyamAsvarUpa vAcaka zabdoM ke dvArA sarvathA bAdhA rahita saMvedana utpanna hotA hai ata: apramANatva aura aprameyatva kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| vaikharI, madhyamA Adi sthUla vANiyoM ke lie hI vAcakoM kI AvazyakatA hai parantu sUkSmA vANI ke lie pada, mAtrA Adi vAcaka zabdoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| isa prakAra zabdAdvaitavAdI samAdhAna karate haiN| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki unakA yaha samAdhAna bhI binA vicAra kA kathana hai| arthAt unake ina kathanoM meM koI tathya nahIM hai kyoMki niraMza akhaNDa zabda brahma meM vaikharI, madhyamA, pazyantI aura sUkSmA rUpa cAra bheda karanA zakya nahIM hai| zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke zabdabrahma meM yadi madhyamA, vaikharI Adi cAra avasthAyeM satya haiM, taba to zabdAdvaita kA virodha hotA hai - arthAt zabda advaita na rahakara dvaita ho jAtA hai| "zabda brahma to niraMza akhaNDa rUpa hI hai, avidyA ke kAraNa cAra avasthA rUpa pratIta hotA hai, vAstavika nahIM hai| ata: hamArA kathana nirdoSa hai|" aisA kahanA bhI ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki niraMza zabda brahma ke samIcIna vidyA ke siddha ho jAne para usa avasthA meM zabda brahma ke avidyApana kI aprasiddhi hI hai arthAt vidyAvAna brahma kI paryAya vidyA rUpa hI hotI hai, avidyA rUpa nhiiN| . zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA svIkRta niraMza zabda brahma indriya pratyakSa, anumAna, svasaMvedana pratyakSa aura Agama pramANa se prasiddha nahIM hai| isI bAta ko AcArya kahate haiM -
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 394 brahmaNo na vyavasthAnamakSajJAnAt kutazcana / svapnAdAviva mithyAtvAttasya sAkalyataH svayam // 17 // nAnumAnAttatorthAnAM prtiiterdurlbhtvtH| paraprasiddhirapyasya prasiddhA nApramANikA // 18 // . svataH saMvedanAsiddhiH kSaNikAnaMzavittivat / na parabrahmaNo nApi sA yuktA sAdhanAdvinA // 19 // AgamAdeva tatsiddhau bhedasiddhistathA na kim| nirbAdhAdeva cettattvaM na pramANAMtarAdRte // 10 // tadAgamasya nizcetuM zakyaM jAtu priiksskaiH| na cAgamastato bhinnaH samasti paramArthataH // 101 // tadvivartastvavidyAtmA tasya prajJApakaH kathaM / na cAvinizcite tattve phenabuddavadbhidA // 102 // spArzana pratyakSa, cAkSuSa pratyakSa Adi kisI bhI indriyajanya pratyakSa ke dvArA niraMza zabda brahma kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai kyoMki svapna jJAna ke samAna indriyajanya jJAna ko svayaM zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ne pUrNa rUpa se mithyA svIkAra kiyA hai||17|| - _ anumAna jJAna (pramANa) se bhI zabda brahma kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki prativAdiyoM ne kahA hai ki "anumAna se arthoM kI pratIti honA durlabha hai| tathA zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ anumAna pramANa kI prasiddhi nahIM hai aura usako apramANa bhI mAnA hai ata: usa aprAmANika jJAna se parama brahma kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai||98|| ___ bauddhoM ke dvArA svIkRta kSaNika, niraMza jJAna kI, jaise svasamvedana pratyakSa se siddhi zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ne nahIM mAnI hai, usI ke samAna nitya, vyApaka, zabda paramabrahma kI bhI svataH samvedana pratyakSa se siddhi nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki sAdhana ke binA brahma kI siddhi yuktiyukta nahIM hai||19|| yadi Agama pramANa se zabdabrahma kI siddhi mAnate haiM taba to usa zabdabrahma ke samAna Agama se zabdabrahma ke bheda kI bhI siddhi kyoM nahIM hogI? apitu, avazya hogii| arthAt Agama meM zabda ke bheda mAne haiM-vaha bhI svIkAra karanA par3egA tathA Agama pramANa se yadi zabdabrahma kI siddhi karate ho to vaha Agama bhI anumAna Adi pramANoM ke binA nirbAdha siddha nahIM ho sktaa| tathA zabdabrahma ko niraMza siddha karane vAle usa Agama kA nirbAdhapanA parIkSakoM ke dvArA tarka anumAna Adi pramANoM ke binA kabhI bhI nizcaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ parama brahma se bhinna dUsarA koI paramArthabhUta Agama svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai ataH Agama se bhI zabdabrahma kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai // 100-101 // arthAt brahma aura Agama meM kathaMcit bheda mAnane para hI gamya aura gamakapanA siddha ho sakatA hai - anyathA nhiiN| tathA avidyAtmaka usa parama brahma kI paryAya bhI zabdabrahma kI jJApaka kaise ho sakatI hai? arthAt avastubhUta avidyA se vastubhUta tattva kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI, jaise kalpita modaka se jaTharAgni zAMta nahIM ho sakatI aura kASTha nirmita bAdAma ke khAne se mastaka meM tarI nahIM A sktii| jaba taka bhedayukta anumAna pramANa se nirbAdha Agama vizeSa rUpa se nizcita nahIM hotA hai, taba taka advaita zabdabrahma kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| arthAt - anumAna pramANa ke binA tattva kA nizcaya nahIM ho sktaa|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 395 mAyeyaM bata duHpArA vipazciditi pshyti| yenAvidyA vinirNItA vidyAM gamayati dhruvam // 103 // bhraaNte/jaavinaabhaavaadnumaatraivmaagtaa| tato naiva paraM brahmAstyanAdinidhanAtmakam // 104 // vivartetArthabhAvena prakriyA jagato ytH| bhrAntibIjamanusmRtya vidyAM janayati svayaM // 105 // na hi bhrAMtiriyamakhilabhedapratItirityanizcaye tadanyathAnupapattyA tadvIjabhUtaM zabdatattvamanAdinidhanaM brahma siddhyti| nApi tadasiddhau bhedapratItibhrAMtiriti parasparAzrayaNAtkathamidamavatiSThate "anAdinidhanaM brahma zabdatattvaM zabda advaitavAdI kahate haiM ki vastata: jala ke samAna zabdabrahma eka hai| usake aneka babaloM ke samAna bheda ke dvArA jIvoM ko asatya pratibhAsa ho rahA hai| bar3A kheda hai jisakA jAnanA bahuta kaThina hai aisI yaha mAyA kA prabhAva hai| vidvAna jana vAstavika tattva ko dekha lete haiM jisase ki vizeSa rUpa se nirNIta avidyA usa vidyA kA dRr3ha rUpa se jJApana karA detI hai, kyoMki binA bhitti ke bhrAntajJAna utpanna nahIM hotA hai ata: saba mithyAjJAna, samyagjJAnoM kA bIjabhUta zabdabrahma hai| jainAcArya pratyuttara dete haiM ki bhrAntiyoM kA bIja ke sAtha avinAbhAva mAnane se to (isa prakAra yahA~) anumAna pramANa hI A gayA aura aisA hone para hetu, pakSa dRSTAnta Adi ko mAna lene se dvaita ho jAtA hai| bIjabhUta brahma aura naimittika avidyAyeM mAnI gaI hai| isase bhI dvaita siddha hotA hai, advaita nahIM ata: anAdi, anantasvarUpa zabda parabrahma kaise bhI siddha nahIM ho pAtA hai, jisase ki tumhArA yaha kahanA zobhanIya ho ki vaha zabdabrahma hI ghaTa, paTa Adi artha pariNAmoM karake paryAyoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai| isa prakAra jagat kI prakriyA calatI hai| vaha zabdabrahma hI bhrAnti ke nimitta kAraNoM kA anusaraNa kara smaraNa kiyA jAkara pazcAt svayaM vidyA ko utpanna kara detA hai| yaha advaitavAdiyoM kA kathana dvaita ke siddha hone para hI yukta hotA hai, anyathA nahIM // 102-103-104-105 // ghaTa, paTa Adi sampUrNa bhedoM ko prakAzita karane vAlI yaha pratIti bhrAntisvarUpa hai| isa prakAra jaba taka nizcaya nahIM hogA, taba taka usa bhrAnti kI anyathA anupapatti ke dvArA usakA bIjabhUta anAdi, ananta, vyApaka, zabdabrahma tattva siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai| tathA jaba taka advaita zabdabrahma kI siddhi nahIM hogI, taba taka ghaTa Adi kI bheda pratIti bhI bhrAntirUpa siddha nahIM ho sktii| isa prakAra parasparAzraya doSa ho jAne se yaha vakSyamANa advaitavAdiyoM kA grantha kaise vyavasthita ho sakatA hai ki zabdatattvasvarUpa paramabrahma anAdikAla se calA AyA huA anantakAla taka akSINa hotA huA pravartatA rhegaa| ghaTa, paTa Adi artha svarUpa se vaha zabdabrahma hI pariNamatA hai| jina pariNAmoM se gRha, kalaza, pustaka, bAla, vRddha, svarga, naraka Adi bhedarUpa jagat kI prakriyA banatI hai| bhAvArtha : bhedapratItiyoM ke bhramarUpa siddha ho jAne para zabdAdvaita siddha ho aura advaita ke siddha ho jAne para bhedapratIti bhramasvarUpa siddha ho| isa prakAra itaretarAzraya doSa ho jAne se advaitavAdiyoM ke mantavyAnusAra zabdabrahma kA nityapanA aura dRzya jagat svarUpa se usakA pariNAma honA siddha nahIM ho pAtA hai; jisase ki usa zabdabrahma kI vaikharI, madhyamA, pazyantI, sUkSmA ye cAra sadpa athavA asapa avasthAe~ sambhava ho ske| yAnI zabdabrahma ke siddha nahIM hone para usakI avasthAe~ AkAza puSpa kI sugandhiyoM samAna siddha nahIM
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 396 yadakSaraM / vivartetArthabhAvena prakriyA jagato ytH||" iti yatastasya catasrovasthA vaikharyAdayaH saMbhAvyate satyo'satyo vaa| na ca tadasaMbhavenAyaM sarvatra pratyaye zabdAnugamaH siddhyet sUkSmAyAH sarvatra bhAvAt / yatobhidhAnApekSAyAmakSAdijJAnenyonyAzrayo'navasthA na ca syaatsrvthaikaaNtaabhyupgmaat|| syAdvAdinAM punarvAco drvybhaavviklptH| dvaividhyaM dravyavAgdvadhA dravyaparyAyabhedataH // 106 // zrotragrAhyAtra paryAyarUpA sA vaikharI mtaa| madhyamA ca paraistasyAH kRtaM nAmAMtaraM tathA // 107 // dravyarUpA punarbhASAvargaNAH pudgalAH sthitaaH| pratyayAnmanasA nApi sarvapratyayagAminI // 10 // bhAvavAgvyaktirUpAtra viklpaatmnibNdhnN| dravyavAcobhidhA tasyAH pazyaMtItyanirAkRtA // 10 // hotI haiM, aura una cAra avasthAoM ke asambhava ho jAne se sampUrNa jJAnoM meM yaha zabdoM kA anugama karanA to siddha nahIM ho sakatA ki sUkSmA vANI sabhI jJAnoM meM vidyamAna hai| jJAnoM meM zabda ke dvArA anuviddhapanA nahIM hai, jisase ki anya vAcaka zabdoM kI apekSA karate-karate indriyajanya, liMgajanya Adi jJAnoM meM anyonyAzraya aura anavasthA doSa nahIM ho ske| arthAt jJAna ko cAroM ora se zabda se guMthA huA mAnane para anyonyAzraya aura anavasthA doSa Ate haiM, kyoMki zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ne sabhI prakAroM se zabdAnuviddhapane kA ekAnta cAroM ora svIkAra kara liyA hai ataH zabda kA saMsarga karane para usI samvedana aura anya saMvedanoM dvArA jAnane meM ukta doSa upasthita ho jAte haiN| punaH, syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ dravyavacana aura bhAvavacana ke vikalpa se vacanoM ko do prakAra kA mAnA hai| unameM dravyavacana, dravya aura paryAya ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| zrotra indriya se grahaNa karane yogya vacana paryAyarUpa vAk hai| dUsaroM ne (mImAMsaka) Adi ne usa paryAyarUpa vacana ko hI vaikharI aura madhyamA ye dUsare nAma diye haiN| ata: zabda mAtra bheda hai| tAtparya artha eka hI hai| pudgala kI karNa indriya se grahaNa karane yogya paryAya ko zabda mAnA gayA hai||106-107|| dravyasvarUpa bhASAvargaNA sthita pudgala kaNTha, tAlu Adi kA nimitta pAkara akAra, kakAra, akSarAtmaka yA anakSarAtmaka zabda rUpa pariNata hote haiN| ve dravyavAk jJAna aura mana ke dvArA bhI sampUrNa jJAnoM meM anugama karane vAle nahIM haiM kyoMki vyaktirUpa bhAvavAk hI paulika vikalpajJAna aura dravyavAk ke AtmalAbha kA kAraNa hai| bhAvavAk bhI vyaktisvarUpa aura zaktisvarUpa do prakAra kA hai| usa bhAvavANI kI saMjJA yadi advaita vAdiyoM ne pazyantI rakha dI hai to usakA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ne vikalpasvarUpa nizcayAtmaka pazyantI vANI mAnI hai| jaina granthoM meM bhI vIryAntarAya aura matizruta jJAnAvaraNa karmoM kA kSayopazama hone para tathA aMgopAMga nAmakarma ke udaya kA pUrNalAbha hone para hone vAle vikalpoM kA yathAyogya antarjalpa kahA hai| yaha pazyantI yA bhAvavAk dravyavANI kI utpatti kA kAraNa hai| yaha bhAvavAk kA pahilA vyaktirUpa bheda hai||108-109||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika*397 vAgvijJAnAMvRticchedavizeSopahitAtmanaH / vaktuH zaktiH punaH sUkSmA bhAvavAgabhidhIyatAm // 110 // tayA vinA pravartate na vAcaH kasyacitkvacit / sarvajJasyApyanaMtAyA jnyaanshktestdudbhvH||111|| iti cidrUpasAmAnyAtsarvAtmavyApinI na tu| vizeSAtmatayetyuktA mati: prAGnAmayojanAt // 112 // zabdAnuyojanAdeva zrutamevaM na baadhyte| jJAnazabdAdvinA tasya zaktirUpAdasaMbhavAt // 113 // labdhyakSarasya vijJAnaM nityodghaattnvigrhN| zrutAjJAnepi hi proktaM tatra srvjghnyke||114|| sparzaneMdriyamAtrotthe mtyjnyaannimittkN| tatokSarAdivijJAnaM zrute sarvatra saMmatam // 115 // nAkalaMkavacobAdhA saMbhavatyatra jAtucit / tAdRzaH saMpradAyasyAvicchedAdhuktyanugrahAt // 116 // ___ bhAvavAk kA dUsarA bheda zakti bhAvavAk hai| vacanoM se janya zAbdabodha jJAna ko AvaraNa karane vAle karmoM ke vizeSa kSayopazama se upahataM (yukta) vaktA AtmA kI jo zakti hai, vaha zaktisvarUpa bhAvavAk zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA sUkSmAvANI kahI jAtI hai| kyoMki, usa zaktirUpa sUkSmAvANI ke binA kisI bhI jIva ke kahIM bhI vacana kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| sarvajJa bhagavAna ke bhI anantajJAna, zakti yA vIrya zakti ke hone se hI usa dvAdazAMga vANI kI utpatti mAnI gayI hai| arthAt : pratipakSI karmoM ke kSayopazama yA kSaya ke ho jAne para prameyoM kA vAcana karAne ke lie yA zabdoM ko yathAyogya banAne ke lie utpanna huI puruSArtha zakti hI zabdoM kI jananI hai| usako sUkSmA kahane meM koI kSati nahIM hai| isa prakAra sAmAnya caitanyasvarUpa kI apekSA se usa zaktirUpa sUkSmAvANI ko sampUrNabhASAbhASI AtmAoM meM vyApaka mAna sakate haiN| kintu vizeSa vizeSasvarUpa se sarvavyApaka nahIM hai| isa prakAra nAma yojanA se pahile smRti Adi jJAna matijJAnasvarUpa kahe gaye haiN| sabhI jJAnoM meM nAma kA saMsarga anivArya nahIM hai| ataH zabda kI pIche yojanA kara dene se hI zruta hotA hai, isa prakAra kA niyama bhI ukta apekSA lagAne para bAdhita nahIM hotA hai| kAraNa ki zaktisvarUpa jJAna vANI ke binA usa parArthazruta kI utpatti asambhava hai||110-111-112-113|| ___yaha jaghanya zrutajJAna nitya udghATita zarIra vAlA hai| yAnI isake Upara koI AvaraNa karane vAlA karma nahIM hai| jaghanya jJAna AvaraNa rahita hai| isake Upara ke zrutabhedoM ko paryAyAvaraNa, paryAyasamAsAvaraNa Adi karma Dhakate haiN| ataH labdhyakSara jJAnajIva ke nitya prakAzamAna jaghanya vijJAna hai| sarvajJAnoM meM jaghanya kuzrutajJAna meM bhI pUrva meM kahA gayA zaktirUpa zruta avazya vidyamAna hai| sUkSmanigodiyA jIva ke kevala sparzana .' indriya se utpanna hue matyajJAna ko nimittakAraNa mAnakara jaghanyajJAna hotA hai| ____isase siddha hotA hai ki akSara, akSarasamAsa, pada, padasamAsa Adi vijJAna bhI sAmAnya cidrUpa karake vyApta haiN| sampUrNa zrutoM meM jJAnasvarUpa zabda kI anuyojanA karanA hamako sammata hai| bhAvArtha : sarva jJAnoM meM utkRSTa kevalajJAna hai aura sampUrNa jJAnoM meM choTA jJAna sUkSma nigodiyA kA jaghanya jJAna hai| sUkSmanigodiyA labdhyaparyAptaka jIva apane sambhavanIya chaha hajAra bAraha janmoM meM bhramaNa karatA huA, anta ke janma meM yadi tIna mor3AvAlI gomUtrikA gati se mare taba prathama mor3A ke samaya meM sarva
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 398 nanu ca zrotragrAhyA paryAyarUpA vaikharI madhyamA ca vAguktA zabdAdvaitavAdibhiryato nAmAMtaramAtraM tasyAH syAnna punararthabheda iti / nApi pazyaMtI vAgavAcakavikalpalakSaNA sUkSmA vA vAk shbdjnyaanshktiruupaa| kiM tarhi / sthAneSUraHprabhRtiSu vibhajyayamAne vivRte vAyau varNatvamApadyamAnA vaktRprANavRttihetukA vaikhrii| "sthAneSU vivRte vAyau kRtvrnntvprigrhH| vaikharI vAk prayoktRNAM prANavRttinibandhanA" iti vcnaat| tathA madhyamA kevalameva buddhyupAdAnA kramarUpAnupAtinI vaktRprANavRttimatikramya pravartamAnA nizcitA "kevalaM buddhyupAdAnA jaghanyajJAna utpanna hotA hai| isa jJAna meM bhI ananta avibhAga praticcheda hote haiM, kyoMki zakti ke aMzoM kI jaghanya vRddhi ko avibhAga praticcheda kahate haiN| yaha sabase choTA jJAna bhI jaghanya antaroM se anantaguNA hai| ata: isa jJAna meM anantAnanta avibhAga praticcheda mAne gaye haiN| sparzana indriyajanya matiajJAnapUrvaka yaha labdhyakSara zrutAjJAna hai| ye kAraNa kAryasvarUpa donoM jJAna kujJAna haiN| kisI bhI jIva ko kadApi isase nyUnajJAna prApta hone kA avasara prApta nahIM huA aura na hI hogaa| itanA zrutajJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama sadA hI banA rahatA. . hai ata: labdhi (sabase choTe kSayopazamajanya jJAna) akSara (yAnI avinazvara) hai| itanA jJAna bhI yadi naSTa ho jAya to Atmadravya kA hI nAza ho jAegA // 114-115 // ata: isa prakaraNa meM zrI akalaMkadeva ke vacana kI bAdhA kabhI-bhI saMbhava nahIM hai, kyoMki usa prakAra ke sarvajJokta sampradAya kA viccheda nahIM huA hai| tathA zabda kI yojanA se hI zruta hotA hai, isa siddhAnta meM bhI pUrvoktAnusAra yuktiyoM kA anugraha ho rahA hai, arthAt yaha kathana yuktisiddha bhI hai||116|| zaMkA : zrotra se grahaNa karane yogya vaikharI aura madhyamA vANI jo zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA kahI gayI hai, vaha jainoM dvArA mAnI gayI paryAyarUpa vANI nahIM hai, jisase ki usake kevala nAma kA antara samajhakara usa paryAya vANI kA dUsarA nAma hI madhyamA yA vaikharI ho jAye aura arthabheda nahIM ho ske| tathA vAcakoM ke vikalpasvarUpa lakSaNavAlI pazyantI vANI bhI nahIM mAnI gaI hai| zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ zabdazaktisvarUpa yA vyaktisvarUpa sUkSmAvANI nahIM mAnI gaI hai| zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke yahA~ vaikharI Adi vANI kaisI mAnI gayI ___samAdhAna : isakA uttara yaha hai ki "chAtI, kaMTha, tAlu ityAdi sthAnoM meM vibhAga ko prApta vAyu ke rukakara phaTa jAne para vaha jo vAyu hakAra, kakAra, ikAra Adi varNapane ko prApta aura zabdaprayoktAoM kI prANavRtti kI kAraNabhUta vaikharI vANI hai aisA grantha kA vacana hai| arthAt jaise tumbI, bAMsurI Adi ke chedoM meM se mukhavAyu vibhakta hotI huI miSTa svaroM meM pariNata ho jAtI hai, tathaiva kAnoM se sunane yogya moTI vaikharI vANI zabdabrahma kA vivarta hai| (paryAya hai) ___ tathA zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ke dvArA svIkRta madhyamA vANI kevala buddhi ko hI upAdAna kAraNa mAnakara krama se hone vAle apane svarUpa ke anusAra calI A rahI hai aura vaktA kI prANavRtti kA atikramaNa kara pravRtta hotI hai| hamAre darzana meM isa prakAra likhA hai ki kevala buddhi ko upAdAna kAraNa mAnakara utpanna aura kramarUpa se anupAta karane vAlI tathA zvAsocchvAsa kI pravRtti kA atikramaNa kara madhyamA vANI pravRtta hotI
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 399 krmruupaanupaatinii| prANavRttimatikramya madhyamA vAk pravarttate' iti vcnaat| pazyantI punaravibhAgA sarvataH saMhatakramA prtyeyaa| sUkSmAtra svarUpajyotirevAntaravabhAsinI nityaavgntvyaa| "avibhAgAnupazyantI sarvataH sNhRtkrmaa| svarUpajyotirevAntaH sUkSmA vaagvbhaasinii| 1 / " iti vacanAt / tato na syAdvAdinAM kalpayituM yuktAzcatasro'vasthAH zrutasya vaikharyAdayastadaniSTalakSaNatvAditi kecit| te'pi na praatiitikoktyH| vaikharyA madhyamAyAzca shrotrgraahytvlkssnnaantikrmaat| sthAneSu vivRto hi vAyurvaktRNAM prANavRttizca varNatvaM parigRhNatyA hai| phira tIsarI pazyantI vANI to vibhAga rahita hotI huI saba ora se varNa, pada Adi ke krama kA saMkoca karatI huI samajhanI cAhie, aura yahA~ cauthA sUkSmavAk to zabda brahmasvarUpa kI jyoti hI hai| vaha sUkSmA antaraMga meM sadA prakAzita nitya samajhanI caahie| ina donoM vANiyoM ke lie hamAre granthoM meM isa prakAra kathana hai ki jisameM saba ora se krama kA upasaMhAra kiyA jA cukA hai, aura vibhAga bhI jisameM nahIM hai, vaha to pazyantI hai| arthAt akAra; kakAra Adi varNa ke vibhAga rahita aura varNapadoM ke bolane ke krama se rahita pazyantI hai, aura zabda jyotisvarUpa hI sUkSmAvANI hai, jo antaraGga meM prakAza kara rahI hai| parantu syAdvAdiyoM ne aisI dravyavAk bhAvavAk nahIM mAnI hai ataH syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ zruta kI vaikharI, madhyamA Adika cAra avasthAyeM kalpanA karane ke lie kiyA gayA parizrama samucita nahIM hai, kyoMki jainoM ke mAne hue vacanoM ke ve lakSaNa hama zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ko iSTa nahIM haiN| isa prakAra koI (zabdAnuviddhavAdI) kaha rahe haiN| aba AcArya unakI zaMkA kA uttara dete haiM ki ve vidvAn bhI pratItiyoM se yukta kathana karane vAle nahIM haiM, kyoMki vaikharI aura madhyamA zrotra se grahaNa karane kI yogyatA kA ullaMghana nahIM kara rahI haiN| arthAt zabdAdvaitavAdI ne bhI ina vANiyoM kI zrotragrAhyatA svIkAra kI hai aura syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ paryAyarUpa dravyavAk bhI karNa indriya se grAhya mAnI gaI hai ataH karNa indriya se grahaNa karane yogyapanA, isa lakSaNa kA ullaMghana nahIM huA hai| tathA tAlu Adi sthAnoM meM phaila rahI vAyu aura vaktAoM kI zvAsocchvAsa pravRtti hI varNapane ko parigrahaNa karane vAlI vaikharI vANI ke kAraNa mAne haiN| vaikharI kA lakSaNa varNapane kA parigraha kara lenA hai aura vaha to kAna indriya dvArA grAhya ho jAnApanasvarUpa pariNati hI hai| jagat meM phailI huI bhASAvargaNAyeM yA zabdayogyavargaNAyeM pahile kAnoM se sunane yogya nahIM thIM, akSarapada yA dhvanirUpa paryAya rUpa hone para bhI ve kAnoM se sunane yogya ho jAtI haiN| aisA mAnanA kisI ko bhI aniSTa nahIM hai| arthAt hamArI zrotra se grAhya ho rahI paryAyavANI aura tumhArI vaikharIvANI samAna hI hai| tathA kevala buddhi ko hI madhyamA kI upAdAna kAraNa tumane mAnI hai aura vaktA kI prANavRttiyoM kA atikramaNa karanA to madhyamA kA nimitta kAraNa mAnA gayA hai tathA varNa, pada Adi ke krama se apane svarUpa kA anugama karanA hI yaha madhyamA kA lakSaNa bhI zrotra dvArA grahaNa karane yogyapana se viruddha nahIM par3atA hai ataH madhyamA kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| syAdvAdiyoM ke yahA~ paryAyarUpa antarjalpasvarUpa zabda kAnoM se sunane yogya mAne gaye haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *400 vaikharyA:kAraNaM / varNatvaparigrahastu lakSaNaM / sa ca zrotragrAhyatvapariNAma eva / iti na kizcidaniSTaM / tathA kevalA buddhirvaktR prANavRttyatikra mazca madhyamAyAH kAraNaM tu lakSaNaM kra marUpAnupAtitvameva ca tatra zrotragrahaNayogyatvAviruddhamiti na niraakriyte| pazyantyAH sarvataH saMhatakramatvamavibhAgatvaMca lakSaNaM / tacca yadi sarvathA tadA pramANavirodho, vAcyavAcakavikalpakramavibhAgayostatra prtibhaasnaat| kathaMcittu saMhRtakramatvamavibhAgatvaM ca tatreSTameva, yugpdupyuktshrutviklpaanaamsmbhvaadvrnnaadivibhaagaabhaavaaccaanupyuktshrutviklpsyeti| tasya vikalpAtmakatvalakSaNAnatikrama eva / sUkSmAyA: punarantaHprakAzamAnasvarUpajyotirlakSaNatvaM kathaMcinnityatvaM ca nityodghATitAnnirAvaraNalabdhyakSarajJAnAcchaktirUpAcca citsAmAnyAnna viziSyate / sarvathA nityAdvayarUpatvaM tu pramANaviruddhasya veditpraaym| ityalaM prapaMcena "zrutaM zabdAnuyojanAdeva" ityavadhAraNasyAkalaMkAbhipretasya kadAcidvirodhAbhAvAt ; tathA saMpradAyasyAvicche dAdyuktyanugrahAcca sarvamatipUrvakasyApi shrutsyaakssrjnyaantvvyvsthiteH| atropamAnasyAntarbhAva vibhAvayannAhaH zabdAdvaitavAdiyoM ne pazyantI kA lakSaNa kramoM kA saMhAra kiyA jAnA aura vibhAga rahitapanA kiyA hai| parantu vANiyoM meM vaha krama kA saMhAra aura avibhAgatva yadi sarvathA rUpa se mAnA jAtA hai, taba to pramANoM se viruddha hai. kyoMki una zabdoM meM vikalpajJAna ke anasAra vAcya aura vAcakoM kA krama tathA varNa. pada Adi ke vibhAgoM kA pratibhAsa ho rahA hai| saMhRta, kramapanA aura vibhAgarahitapanA yadi kathaMcid mAnA jAtA taba to hameM bhI vahA~ zabda meM iSTa hI hai| upayoga ko prApta zruta ke aneka vikalpoM kA eka hI samaya meM honA asambhava hai tathA vAcya vAcaka ke krama ke vibhAga kI bhI asambhavatA hai kintu zruta ke vikalpoM kA upayogarUpa pariNAma AtmA meM nahIM hai| usa anupayukta ho rahe zruta ke vikalpa ke varNa, pada, paMkti Adi kA vibhAga usa samaya nahIM hai| ataH usa pazyantI vANI ke vikalpasvarUpapane lakSaNa kA jainAcArya dvArA svIkRta bhAvavANI se atikramaNa kaise bhI nahIM ho pAtA hai| kathaMcit lakSaNa aikya hI hai aura kathaJcit bhinna hai| sUkSmA kA antaHprakAzamAna jyotiHsvarUpa lakSaNa bhI kathaMcit nitya udghATita kevalajJAna ke samAna nirAvaraNa tathA kSayopazamalabdhi se avinAzI, aise sUkSma nigodiyA labdhyaparyAptaka jIva ke zaktirUpa caitanya sAmAnya se athavA anya kSayopazamika zaktirUpa labdhiyoM kI apekSA sUkSmA meM koI vizeSatA nahIM hai parantu sarvathA usa sUkSmAvANI ko nitya aura advaitasvarUpa mAnanA pramANaviruddha hai| isa bAta ko hama bahuta bAra nivedita kara cuke haiM ataH yahA~ adhika vistAra karane se koI vizeSa prayojana siddha nahIM hotA hai| ___ "zabda kI anuyojanA se hI zruta hotA hai|" isa prakAra zrI akalaMkadeva ko abhipreta avadhAraNA kA kabhI bhI virodha nahIM hotA hai arthAt virodha kA abhAva hai| AmnAyoM kI vicchitti nahIM hone se aura yuktiyoM kA anugraha ho jAne se bhI sampUrNa matijJAnoM ko pUrvavartI kAraNa mAnakara utpanna hue zruta ko akSarajJAnapanA vyavasthita hai| yAnI bhAva zabdoM kI yojanA kara dene se hI ve zruta ho sakate haiN| zrotra se atirikta anya indriyoM se janya matijJAna dvArA hue arthAntara ke jJAna meM yA avAcya zrutajJAna meM athavA anya zrutoM meM bhI bhAvavAkpa caitanya zabdoM kI yojanA kara dene se hI zrutapanA vyavasthita ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 401 kRtAbhidezavAcyAbhiH saMskArasya kvacitpunaH / saMvitprasiddhasAdharmyAttathA vAcakayojitA // 117 // prakAzitopamA kaizcitsA zrutAnna vibhidyte| zabdAnuyojanAttasyAH prasiddhAgamavittivat // 118 // pramANAntaratAyAntu pramANaniyamaH kutH| saMkhyA saMvedanAdInAM pramANAMtaratA sthitau // 119 // pratyakSaM vyAdivijJAnamuttarAdharyavedinaM / sthaviSThorudaviSThAlpalaghvAsannAdivicca cet // 120 // nopadezamapekSeta jAtu rUpAdivittivat / paropadezanirmuktaM pratyakSaM hi satAM mataM // 121 // ttsNjnyaasNjnyismbndhprtipttirpeksste| paropadezamadhyakSaM saMkhyAdiviSayaM yadi // 122 // zabda kI anuyojanA se hI zruta hotA hai, athavA zruta hI zabda kI anuyojanA se hotA hai| isakA vicAra kara aba naiyAyikoM dvArA pRthak pramANa mAne gae upamAna ke antarbhAva kA AcArya spaSTa vyAkhyAna karate hue kahate haiM - gau. ke sadRza gavaya hotA hai| isa atideza vAkya ke dvArA bhAvanA nAmaka saMskAra vAle puruSa ko phira kahIM rojha vyakti meM prasiddha gau ke samAna dharmapane se tisa prakAra "yaha gavaya hai|" isa prakAra gavaya vAcaka zabda kI yojanApUrvaka jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha kinhIM naiyAyikoM ke dvArA upamAna pramANa mAnA gayA hai| kintu "yaha gavayaSada se vAcya hai" isa prakAra kI vaha upamA to zruta se vibhinna nahIM hai kyoMki usa upamiti ke zabda kI anuyojanA hai| jaise ki anya prasiddha zabdAnuyogI AgamajJAna isa zruta se bhinna nahIM hai| .. bhAvArtha : zruta meM hI upamAnapremANa garbhita ho jAtA hai| "zrutaM zabdAnuyojanAt' yaha lakSaNa yahA~ ghaTita ho jAtA hai||117-118|| yadi upamAna pramANa ko niyata pramANoM se pRthak pramANapanA mAnA jAyegA taba to pramANoM kA niyama kaise ho sakegA? saMkhyA ke jJAna Adi ko bhI alaga pramANa mAnane kI vyavasthA karane kA prasaMga aaegaa| bhAvArtha : eka rupaye ke 25 Ama Anepara cAra rupaye ke sau Ama Ate haiN| isa prakAra atideza vAkya smaraNa karake mAnava parimita padArthoM kA gaNita lagA letA hai| rekhAgaNita ke niyamAnusAra viSkambha ke varga ko daza gunA karake usakA vargamUla nikAlane para paridhi nikala AtI haiM, aisA smaraNa hotA hai| isa jJAna ko bhI pramANAntara mAnanA pdd'egaa| parantu yaha pRthak jJAna nahIM hai||119|| . yadi naiyAyika do, daza Adi saMkhyAoM ke athavA Upara nIcepana ke tathA atisthUlapana moTApana, adhikadUrapana, alpapana, laghupana, nikaTavartIpana Adi ke jJAnoM ko pratyakSa pramANarUpa mAneMge, taba to ukta kahe hue jJAna kabhI bhI upadeza kI apekSA nahIM kareMge, jaise ki rUpa, rasa Adi ke pratyakSa jJAnoM ko anya ke upadeza kI apekSA nahIM hai| sarva vidvAn isa pratyakSajJAna ko paropadezarahita mAnate haiN||120-121|| ... gAya ke samAna hI gavaya hotA hai, isa artha kI vAcaka gavaya saMjJA hai aura yaha rojha vyakti gavaya saMjJAvAna hai| isa prakAra saMjJA aura saMjJI ke sambandha kI pratipatti hI paropadeza kI apekSA karatI hai| saMkhyA
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________________ .. tattvArthazlokavArtika 2402 tadopamAnataH saitat pramANAntaramastu vH| nopamAnArthatA tasyAstadvAkyena vinodbhavAt // 123 // . AgamatvaM puna: siddhamupamAnaM zrutaM ythaa| siMhAsane sthito rAjetyAdizabdotthavedanaM // 124 // prasiddhasAdharmyAt sAdhyasAdhanamupamAnaM, gauriva gavaya iti jJAnaM / tathA vaidhAd yo'gavayo mahiSAdiH sa na gauriveti jnyaanN| sAdharmyavaidhAbhyAM sNjnyaasNjnyismbndhprtipttirupmaanaarthH| ayaM sa gavayazabdavAcyaH piMDa, iti so'yaM mahiSAdiragavayazabdavAcya iti vaa| sAdharmyavaidhopamAnavAkyAdisaMskArasya prtipaadysyopjaayte| iti dvedhopamAnaM zabdAtpramANAntaraM ye samAcakSate teSAM dvyAdisaMkhyAjJAnaM pramANAntaraM, gaNitajJasaMkhyAvAkyAhitasaMskArasya pratipAdyasya punarvyAdiSu saMkhyAviziSTadravyadarzanAdetAni dravyAdIni tAnIti saMjJAsaMjJisambandhapratipattiAdisaMkhyAjJAnapramANaphalamiti pratipattavyaM / tathottarAdharyajJAnaM sopAnAdiSu Adi kA jJAna to paropadeza kI apekSA nahIM karatA hai ataH saMkhyA Adi kA viSaya karane vAlA vaha jJAna pratyakSa hI hai| isa prakAra naiyAyika ke kahane para to upamAna pramANa se atirikta vaha sambandha kI pratipatti / hI tuma naiyAyikoM ke pramANAntara ho jAtI hai| kyoMki usa upamAna vAkya ke binA hI usa sambandha pratipatti kI utpatti ho jAtI hai| ata: upamAna pramANa meM usakA antarbhAva nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai||122-123|| sthUlatva Adi ke jJAnoM ko jisa prakAra AgamapanA siddha ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra upamAna pramANa ko bhI zrutajJAna jAnanA caahie| siMhAsana para sthita ko rAjA aura bA~ye ora choTe Asana para baiThe hue ko maMtrI samajhanA, ityAdika Apta zabdoM ko sunakara puna: rAjasabhA meM jAkara una zabdoM ke saMskAra se utpanna hue una-una vyaktiyoM meM rAjA, maMtrI Adi ke jJAna ko jisa prakAra zrutapanA hai, usI prakAra upamAna ko bhI zrutapanA siddha hai ataH arthAntara kI pratipatti karane vAle upamAna yA pratyabhijJAna sabhI zrutajJAna hI haiM / / 124 // - prasiddha padArtha ke sAdharmya se aprasiddha sAdhya ko sAdhanA upamAna pramANa hai, jaise ki gau ke sadRza gavaya hotA hai, tathA prasiddha padArtha ke vilakSaNa dharmasahita se aprasiddha sAdhya kA sAdhanA upamAna hai| jaise ki gau yA gosadRza gavaya se bhinna bhaiMsA Adi pazu haiN| ve gau ke sadRza nahIM haiM, yaha jJAna bhI upamAna hai| sAdharmya aura vaidharmya ke dvArA saMjJA aura saMjJI ke sambandha kI pratipatti ho jAnA upamAna pramANa ke lie hai| jaise yaha vaha pazupiMDa hI gavayapada kA vAcya hai| athavA ye aMgulInirdiSTa bhaiMsA Adi pazu usa gavaya zabda ke vAcya nahIM haiN| prasiddha padArtha ke samAna dharma athavA vilakSaNa dharma sahitapane kI upamA ko kahane vAle vAkya, saMketa, citradarzana Adi kA anubhava kara punaH bhAvanA saMskAra rakhane vAle pratipAdya ke upamAna jJAna utpanna hotA hai| ___ isa prakAra jo do prakAra ke upamAna ko zabda pramANa se pRthak pramANa kahate haiM, unake yahA~ do Adi saMkhyAoM kA jJAna bhI alaga pramANa ho jaaegaa| gaNita vidyA ko jAnane vAle vidvAn ke dvArA kahe gaye saMkhyAoM ke vAkyoM ke saMskAra dhAraka pratipAdya ko puna: do Adi saMkhyA vAle navIna sthaloM para vaisI saMkhyAoM se viziSTa dravyoM ko dekhane se ye pandraha chakkA nabbe rupaye haiM, ityAdi usI prakAra pahile dekhe hue una do Adi saMkhyAoM ke samAna haiN| isa prakAra saMjJA saMjJiyoM ke sambandha kI pratipatti ho jAtI hai| vaha do Adi saMkhyAoM kA jJAnasvarUpa pramANa kA phala hai, aisA samajhanA caahie|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 403 sthaviSThajJAnaM parvAdiSu mahattvajJAnaM svavaMzAdiSu daviSThajJAnaM candrArkAdiSvalpatvajJAnaM sarSapAdiSu, laghutvajJAnaM tUlAdiSu, pratyAsannajJAnaM svagRhAdiSu, saMsthAnajJAnaM tryastyAdiSu, vakrAdijJAnaM ca kvacitpramANAMtaramAyAtaM / paropadiSTottarAdharyAdivAkyAhitasaMskArasya vineyajanasya punarauttarAdharyadarzanAdidaM tadauttarAdharyAdIti saMjJAsaMjJisambandhapratipattestatphalasya bhAvAnna hi saMkhyAjJAnAdi pratyakSamiti yuktaM vAk , paropadezApekSAvirahaprasaMgAt rUpAdijJAnavat, paropadezavinirmuktaM pratyakSamityatra satAM sNprtiptteH| yadi puna: saMkhyAdiviSayajJAnaM pratyakSamaparopadezameva tatsaMjJAsaMjJisambandhapratipattereva paropadezApekSAnubhavAditi mataM tadA saiva saMjJAsaMjJisambandhapratipattiH pramANAntaramastu, vinopamAnavAkyena bhAvAdupamAne'ntarbhAvitumazakyatvAt / nanu tathA soSAna, nasainI Adi meM Upara nIcepana kA jJAna, paMvolI Adi meM adhika sthUlapana kA jJAna, svakIya ghara ke bA~sa Adi meM mahAnpana kA jJAna tathA candramA, sUrya Adi meM bahuta dUrapane kA jJAna evaM sarasoM tila Adi meM alpapane kA jJAna aura ruI Adi meM halkepana kA jJAna, apane gRha Adi meM nikaTavartIpane kA jJAna aura tikone, caukone Adi AkAra vAle padArthoM meM Ter3hepana, sUdhepana Adi saMsthAna jJAna pRthak-pRthak pramANa ho jaayeNge| .. ajJAta puruSa ko kisI hitaiSI ne upadeza ke dvArA sopAna kA jJAna karAyA ki amuka sIr3hI U~cI hai, amuka sIr3hI nIcI hai, ityAdi vAkyoM ke AdhAna rakha kara vinIta puruSa ko phira Upara aura adhara dharmavAle padArtha kA darzana ho jAne se, yaha vahI uttarapanA aura adharapanA Adi hai| isa prakAra usa upamAna ke saMjJAsaMjJisambandha pratipattirUpa phala kA sadbhAva hai| ataH inakA kaunase pramANa meM antarbhAva karoge? saMkhyAjJAna, sthUladhana kA jJAna, Adika jJAna pratyakSapramANa hai, aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki inako pratyakSa jJAna meM garbhita karane para ukta jJAnoM meM paropadeza kI apekSA rakhane ke abhAva kA prasaMga aaegaa| jaise ki rUpa, rasa Adi ke pratyakSajJAna anya ke upadezoM kI apekSA kI apekSA nahIM rakhate haiN| sampUrNa pratyakSa pramANa paropadezoM kI apekSA se sarvathA rahita hai| isa prasiddha siddhAnta meM sampUrNa sajjana vidvAnoM ko pratipatti hai| kintu saMkhyA ke jJAna karane meM gaNitazAstroM ke karaNasUtra kI AkAMkSA ho rahI hai| yaha bA~sa kI paMvolI sthUla hai, yaha bA~sa laMbA hai, sarasoM choTI hai, ityAdi jJAnoM meM paropadezoM kI apekSA hai| ataH ye uktajJAna pratyakSa pramANa nahIM ho sakate haiN| yadi phira saMkhyA, sthUlatA Adi ko viSaya karane vAle jJAna pratyakSa pramANa hI haiM, inameM paropadeza kI koI apekSA nahIM hai, unake saMjJA saMjJI sambandha kI pratipatti ko hI paropadeza kI apekSA rakhane kA anubhava ho rahA hai| aisA mAnate ho to usa saMjJA aura saMjJA vAle arthoM ke sambandha kI jJapti honA hI pRthak pramANa jAnanA caahie| upamAna vAkya ke binA hI utpanna hote haiN| isalie upamAna pramANa meM antarbhAva karanA zakya ' nahIM hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 404 cAptopadezAtpratipAdyasya tatsaMjJAsaMjJisambandhapratipattirAgamaphalameva tato'pramANAMtaramiti cettoptopadiSTopamAnavAkyAdapi tatpratipattirAgamajJAnameveti nopamAnaM zrutAtpramANAntaraM, siMhAsanastho rAjA maMcake mahAdevI suvarNapIThe sacivaH etasmAtpUrvata etasmAduttarata etasmAddakSiNata etannAmetyAdivAkyAhitasaMskArasya punastathaiva darzanAtso'yaM raajetyaadisNjnyaasNjnyisNbndhprtipttiH| SaDAnano guhazcaturmukho brahmA tuMganAso bhAgavataH kSIrAmbhovivecanatuNDo haMsaH saptacchada ityAdivAkyAhitasaMskArasya tathA pratipattirvA yadyAgamajJAnaM tadA tadvadevopamAnamavaseyaM vishessaabhaavaat| yadi punarupamAnopameyabhAvapratipAdanaparatvena viziSTAdupamAnavAkyAdutpadyamAnaM zrutAtpramANAntaramityabhinivezastadA rUpyarUpakabhAvAdipratipAdanaparatvena tato'pi viziSTAdrUpakAdivAkyAdupajAyamAnaM vijJAnaM pramANAntaramanumanyatAM, tasyApi svaviSayapramitau zaMkA : yathArtha vaktA ke upadeza se ziSya ko vaha saMjJA-saMjJiyoM ke sambandha kI pratipatti honA AgamajJAna kA phala hai ata: vaha pRthak pramANa nahIM hai| samAdhAna : aisA kahane para to AptapuruSa dvArA upadiSTa upamAna vAkya se usa sAdRzya viziSTa gau yA goviziSTa sAdRzya kI pratipatti bhI AgamapramANa hai| zruta se nirAlA upamAna pramANa nahIM ho sakatA ata: upamAna vAkya se utpanna vaha sambandha pratipatti bhI Agama pramANa hai| prathama rAjasabhA meM jAne vAle kisI navapuruSa ko darabAra meM Ane jAne vAle kisI mitra ne samajhA diyA ki madhya meM siMhAsanastha rAjA, bAyeM aura suvarNa ke uccAsana para baiThI huI strI paTarAnI aura suvarNa : ke pITha para baiThA huA maMtrI hai| isase pUrva deza meM aura isase uttara kI ora tathA isase dakSiNa kI ora amuka amuka nAma vAle padavIdhara puruSa haiM jo amuka-amuka grAma ke haiM, ityAdi vAkya ke saMskAroM ko dhAraNa karane vAle puruSa ko punaH anyadA rAjasabhA meM jAkara usI prakAra dekhane se aura yaha vahI rAjA hai, yaha strI mahAdevI hai, yaha suvarNa pITha para baiThA huA maMtrI hai, ityAdi pahale gRhIta kI gayI saMjJAyeM aura sammukha sthita saMjJA vAle janoM ke sambandha kI pratipatti ho jAtI hai| chaha mukhoM se yukta kArtikeya ko guha, cAra mukha vAlA brahmA, unnata nAsikA vAlA pakSI viSNu bhagavAna kA vAhana, garur3a bhAgavata hai| mile hue kSIra aura jala ke pRthagbhAva karane meM dakSa, coMca ko dhArane vAlA pakSI haMsa hotA hai| sAta-sAta pattoM ke gucchoM ko dhArane vAlA jo vRkSa hai, vaha saptacchada hai ityAdi vAkyoM ke saMskAra ke dhAraka puruSa ko isa prakAra rAjA, kArtikeya, Adi kI pratipatti honA yadi AgamajJAna mAnA gayA hai, to unhIM ke samAna upamAna ko bhI Agama jJAna nirNaya kara lenA caahie| kyoMki haMsa, saptacchada Adi ke AgamajJAnoM se gau ke sadRzajJAnarUpa upamAna meM koI vizeSatA nahIM pAI jAtI hai| _ yadi tumhArA, upamAna upameya bhAva ko pratipAdana karane meM tatpara hone ke kAraNa vizeSatAoM ke dhAraka upamAna vAkya se utpanna upamAna pramANa zruta se pRthak pramANa hai, aisA abhiprAya hai taba to rUpaka alaMkAra, utprekSA alaMkArayukta AptavAkyoM dvArA kahe gaye rUpyarUpakabhAva, upamita upameyabhAva Adi ko pratipAdana karane meM tatpara hone ke kAraNa usa upamAna vAkya se bhI viziSTa rUpaka, utprekSA, ananvaya Adi
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 405 . saadhktmtvaadvisNvaadktvaabhaavaadprmaanntvaayogaat| atha rUpakAdyalaMkArabhAjo'pi vAkyavizeSAdupajAtamarthajJAnaM zrutameva pravacanamUlatvAvizeSAditi matistadopamAnavAkyopajanitamapi vedanaM zrutajJAnamabhyupagantavyaM tata evetyalaM prapaMcena / pratibhA kiM pramANamityAha;uttarapratipattyAkhyA pratibhA ca zrutaM mtaa| nAbhyAsejA susaMvittiH kUTadrumAdigocarA // 125 // uttarapratipattiH pratibhA kaizciduktA sA zrutameva, na pramANAntaraM, zabdayojanAsadbhAvAt / ke vAkyoM se utpanna hue vijJAna ko bhI pRthak pramANa mAnanA pdd'egaa| kyoMki una rUpaka, samAsokti Adi vAkyoM dvArA utpanna hue vijJAnoM ko bhI apane viSaya kI pramiti meM sAdhakatamapanA hone se visaMvAdakapane kA abhAva hai ata: apramANa kA ayoga hai arthAt upamAna pramANa ke samAna alaMkAra vAkyoM ko bhI pRthak pramANa mAnanA pdd'egaa| . athavA rUpaka, prativastu, upamA Adi alaMkAroM ko dhArane vAle vAkya vizeSoM se utpanna huA arthajJAna zruta hI hai, kyoMki pravacana ko mUla kAraNa mAnakara utpanna huA jJAnapanA ukta jJAnoM meM vizeSatAoM se rahita hai| arthAt jinake prakRSTavacana haiM, una Apta puruSoM ke dvArA uccArita kie gae vacanoM ke nimitta se rUpaka Adi upAdhiyoM se yukta jJAna ho jAte haiM "prakRSTaM vacanaM yasya" aisA vigraha karane se rUpaka Adi sahita arthoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| pRthak-pRthak kahe hue do vAkyoM kA jahA~ vastusvabhAva karake sAmAnya kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha prativastu upamA hai, jaise ki svarga loka kA pAlana karane meM eka indra hI samartha hai, chaha khaNDoM ko pAlane meM eka cakravartI hI samartha hai| isI prakAra gagana, gagana ke hI AkAra vAlA hai| samudra samudrasarIkhA hI gaMbhIra hai, ityAdi ananvaya alaMkAra ke udAharaNa haiN| ina alaMkAroM se yukta kavivAkyoM ko sanakara jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha zAbdabodha meM antarbhata ho jAtA hai-aisA mAnanA cAhie ataH pravacana rUpa nimitta se utpanna hone ke kAraNa zrutajJAnapanA iSTa kara lenA caahie| adhika vistAra karane se kyA prayojana hai? kisI kA prazna hai ki pratibhA kaunasA pramANa hai? isa prazna kA AcArya mahArAja spaSTa uttara dete haiM deza, kAla, prakaraNa anusAra uttara kI zIghra pratipatti ho jAnA pratibhA nAma kA jJAna hai| aura vaha pratibhA zruta hI mAnI gaI hai, kyoMki abhyantara yA bahiraMga meM zabdayojanA karane se vaha pratibhA utpanna hotI hai ataH zratajJAna meM hI usakA antarbhAva hai| zabdoM ke binA hI atyanta abhyAsa se jo zIghra hI uttara pratipattisvarUpa samvedana ho jAtA hai, vaha pratibhA zruta nahIM hai, kintu matijJAna hai| jaise ki zikhara, dhAnya rAzi yA vRkSa Adi ko viSaya karane vAlI pratibhA matijJAna hai arthAt prajJA, medhA, manISA, prekSA, pratipatti, pratibhA, sphUrtiAdika jJAna saba matijJAna ke vizeSa haiN| smRti, pratyabhijJAna Adi bhI zabda yojanA ho jAne para zrutajJAna kahe jAte haiN| zabda yojanA ke pUrva ve matijJAna haiN||125|| viziSTa kSayopazama anusAra prathama se hI uttara kI samIcIna pratipatti ho jAnA pratibhA hai| kinhIM logoM ne use pRthak pramANa kahA hai| kintu jaina siddhAntAnusAra vaha pratibhA zrutajJAna kA bheda hai| zruta se pRthak pramANasvarUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki isameM vAcaka zabdoM kI yojanA kA sadbhAva hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *406 atyantAbhyAsAdAzu pratipattirazabdajA kUTadrumAdAvakRtAbhyAsasyAzupravRttiH pratibhA paraiH proktaa| sA na zrutaM, sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnarUpatvAttasyAstayoH pUrvottarayorhi dRSTadRzyamAnayoH kUdrumayoH sAdRzyapratyabhijJA jhaTityekatAM parAmRSantI tdevetyupjaayte| sA ca matireva nizcitetyAha;"so'yaM kUTa iti praacyaudiicydRssttekssmaannyoH| sAdRzye pratyabhijJeyaM matireva hi nizcitA // 126 // zabdAnuyojanAttveSAM zrutamastvakSavittivat / saMbhavAbhAvasaMvittirapattistathAnumA // 127 // kinhIM ne kahA ki atyanta abhyAsa ho jAne se kRSakajanoM ko palAlakUTa, vRkSa Adi meM zabda bole binA hI jo unakI zIghra pratipatti ho jAtI hai, tathA pravRtti kA abhyAsa nahIM hone para bhI puruSa ko jhaTiti, kUTa vRkSa, jala Adi meM usa pratibhA ke anusAra pravRtti hotI hai, vaha pratibhA hai| jainAcArya kahate haiM ki jo yaha anabhyAsI puruSa kI pratibhA hai, vaha zruta nahIM hai| kyoMki, vaha pratipatti to sAdRzya pratyabhijJAnarUpa hone ke kAraNa matijJAnasvarUpa hai| pahile kahIM dekhe hue aura bIca meM abhyAsa chUTa jAne para bhI navIna dekhe jA. rahe kUTa, druma Adi meM sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnasvarUpa pratibhA dvArA pravRtti ho jAtI hai| pahile kahIM dekha lie gae aura aba uttarakAla meM dekhe jA rahe kUTa, vRkSa Adi ke ekapana kA parAmarza karAtI huI "yaha vahI hai" isa prakAra sAdRzya pratyabhijJA utpanna hotI hai| vaha matijJAna hI nizcita hai| koI-koI pratibhA anumAna-matijJAna svarUpa bhI ho jAtI hai ataH pratibhA kA mati ke bhedoM meM yA zruta meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| usI ko AcArya kahate haiM - ___"yaha vahI kUTa hai" isa prakAra pUrvakAlavartI dekhe gae aura uttarakAlavartI dekhe jA rahe eka padArtha meM hone vAlI mati pratibhA ekatva pratyabhijJAnasvarUpa hai| tathA, pUrvakAla meM dekhe gae kUTa ke sadRza dUsare kUTa ke vartamAna kAla meM dekhane para sAdRzya viSaya meM hone vAlI yaha pratibhA sAdRzya pratyabhijJAnasvarUpa matijJAna hai| kintu, zabda kI anuyojanA se utpanna huI yaha pratibhA zrutajJAna hai| aisA samajhanA caahie| jaise indriyoM se utpanna hue matijJAna bhI yadi zabda kI yojanA se prarUpita kie jAte haiM to ve zrutajJAna ho jAte haiM, usI prakAra sambhavapramANa, abhAva samvedana, arthApatti pramANa tathA anumAna pramANa bhI samajha lenA caahie| bhAvArtha : Aja aSTamI hai to kala navamI avazya hogI, ityAdi jJAna sambhava pramANa hai| tathA pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna, zAbda, arthApatti ina pA~ca pramANoM ke dvArA vastu kA sadbhAva nahIM gRhIta hone para punaH jisa pramANa se usa pratiyogI vastu kA abhAva sAdha diyA jAtA hai, vaha abhAva pramANa hai| abhAva ke AdhArabhUta vastu kA grahaNa kara aura pratiyogI kA smaraNa kara indriyoM kI apekSA binA hI mana se nAstitva kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| chaha pramANoM se jAna liyA gayA artha jisa padArtha ke binA nahIM ho sake, usa adRSTa artha kI kalpanA karAne vAle jJAna ko arthApatti kahate haiN| agni ke kArya dAha ko pratyakSa jAnakara agni meM dahanazakti kA pratyakSapUrvaka arthApatti se jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai tathA avinAbhAvI hetu se sAdhya kA jJAna honA anumAna pramANa mAnA gayA hai| sambhava, abhAva, arthApatti, anumAna, itihAsa, upamAna Adi ko vidvAnoM ne pRthak-pRthak svataMtra pramANa mAnA hai| kintu ye saba zabdayojanA se rahita hote hue matijJAna mAne gae haiM / / 126-127 //
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 407 nAmAsaMsRSTarUpA hi matireSA prkiirtitaa| nAtaH kazcidvirodho'sti syAdvAdAmRtabhoginAM // 128 // nAmAsaMsRSTarUpA pratibhA saMbhavavittirabhAvavittirarthApattiH svArthAnumA ca pUrvaM mtirityuktaa| nAmasaMsRSTA tu samprati zrutamityucyamAne pUrvAparavirodho na syAdvAdAmRtabhAjAM sambhAvyate, tathaiva yuktyaagmaanurodhaat| tadevaM pUrvoktayA matyA saha zrutaM parokSaM pramANaM sakalamunIzvaravizrutamunmUlitani:zeSadurmatanikaramiha tattvArthazAstre samudIritamiti parIkSakAzcetasi dhArayantu svprjnyaatishyvshaadityupsNhrnnaah| .. iti zrutaM sarvamunIzavizrutaM / sahoktamatyAtra prokssmiiritN|| prmaannmunmuulitdurmtotkrN| parIkSakAzcetasi dhArayantu tm||129|| iti tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkAre prathamasyAdhyAyasya tRtIyamAhnikam // nAma ke saMsarga se yukta hote hue ye sampUrNa samyagjJAna zrutajJAna kaha die jAte haiN| isa kAraNa anekAnta nIti anusAra syAdvAdarUpa amRta kA bhoga karane vAle jainoM ke yahA~ koI bhI virodha nahIM AtA hai||128|| ataH jitane bhI naiyAyika Adi ke dvArA svIkRta eka do tIna, cAra, pA~ca, chaha saMkhyA vAle pramANa haiM ve sarva mati zruta ina do jJAnoM meM hI garbhita ho jAte haiN| . nAma yojanA ke saMsarga se rahita-svarUpa ho rahI pratibhA buddhi, sambhavavitti, abhAvavitti, arthApatti, svArthAnumiti, pratyabhijJAnasvarUpa upamiti, tarkamati Adi buddhiyoM ko pahile "matismRti" Adi sUtra meM matijJAnasvarUpa aisA kahA thaa| aura aba vAcaka zabda nAmoM ke saMsarga se yukta pratibhA Adi buddhiyoM ko zrutajJAna kahane para syAdvAda rUpI amRta kA sevana karane vAle anekAntavAdI jainoM ke yahA~ isa prakAra pUrvavartI aura pazcimavartI grantha meM koI virodha doSa sambhava nahIM hai| kyoMki, usa prakAra hI yukti aura Agama ke anurodha se nirNIta hai| arthAt pratibhA, sambhava Adika jJAna zabdayojanA nahIM kara dene para matijJAna haiM, aura zabdayojanA ke sAtha pratibhA Adi jJAna zruta haiN| ata: isa prakAra pUrva meM kahI gaI mati ke sAtha yaha isa sUtra meM kahA gayA zrutajJAna-ye donoM avizada prakAzI hone se parokSa pramANa haiN| yaha siddhAnta sampUrNa munivaroM ke siddhAnta meM prasiddha hai| matijJAna aura zrutajJAna ke bheda-prabhedoM kI siddhi ho jAne se sampUrNa prativAdiyoM ke dUSita matoM kA samudAya nirAkRta kara diyA hai| aise parokSa pramANa kA "Adye parokSam" aura "matiH smRtiH saMjJA ciMtA" - yahA~ se lekara "zrutaM matipUrvaM vyanekadvAdazabhedam' yahA~ taka "tattvArtha sUtra" meM zrI umAsvAmI ne nirUpaNa kiyA hai| parIkSaka jana isa bAta ko apanI dUragAminI prajJA buddhi ke camatkAra kI adhInatA se citta meM dhAraNa kreN| tIsare Ahnika ke anta meM isI bAta kA upasaMhAra, saMkoca karate hue zrI vidyAnaMda AcArya AzIrvAdAtmaka vacana kahate haiM - prAmANika sampUrNa RSIzvaroM meM prakhyAta zrutajJAna ko yahA~ tattvArtha sUtra meM matijJAna ke sAtha rakhate hue donoM jJAna parokSa pramANa haiM; isa prakAra yukti aura Agama ke anusAra zrI umAsvAmI ne kathana kiyA hai| tathA mati aura zruta ina do parokSa pramANoM se zabdAdvaitavAdI Adi vidvAnoM ke dUSita matoM ke samudAya ko lIlA maMtra se ukhAr3akara pheMka diyA hai ataH hama parIkSakoM ko sAgraha sUcanA dete haiM ki ve aise pramANa prasiddha usa parokSa pramANa ko citta meM nirdhAraNa kareM jisase ki ajJAna aMdhakAra kA vinAza hokara jJAna sUrya kA udaya ho||129|| isa prakAra zlokavArtikAlaGkAra grantha meM prathama adhyAya kA tIsare prakaraNoM kA samudAya svarUpa Ahnika pUrNa huaa||
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 2408 pariziSTa : zrutajJAna ke bheda zrutajJAna do bheda, aneka bheda aura bAraha bheda vAlA hai| aGga bAhya aura aGga praviSTa ke bheda se zrutajJAna do prakAra kA hai| aMgabAhya zruta ke dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana Adi aneka bheda haiN| mukhyatA se caudaha prakIrNaka ke bheda se aMgabAhya ke caudaha bheda haiN| aMgapraviSTa ke bAraha bheda haiN| aMgabAhya ke mukhya caudaha bheda nimnalikhita prakAra haiM - 1. sAmAyika - isameM vistAra se sAmAyika kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 2. stava - isameM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti kA varNana hai| 3. vandanA - - - isameM eka tIrthaMkara kI stuti kA kathana hai| pratikramaNa isameM kie hue doSoM kA nirAkaraNa batalAyA hai| vainayika isameM cAra prakAra kI vinaya kA varNana hai| 6. kRtikarma isameM dIkSA, zikSA Adi satkarmoM kA varNana hai| 7. dazavaikAlika - isameM yatiyoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai| isake vRkSa, kusuma Adi daza adhyayana M3 haiN| uttarAdhyayana isameM bhikSuoM ke upasarga-sahana ke phala kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kalpavyavahAra - isameM yatiyoM ke sevana karane yogya vidhi kA varNana aura ayogya sevana karane para prAyazcitta kA varNana hai| 10. kalpAkalpa - isameM yatiyoM aura zrAvakoM ko kisa samaya kyA karanA cAhie, kyA nahIM, ityAdi kA nirUpaNa hai| 11. mahAkalpa - isameM yatiyoM kI dIkSA, zikSA, bhAvanAtmaka saMskAra, uttamArtha gaNapoSaNa Adi kA varNana hai| 12. puNDarIka - isameM devapada kI prApti karAne vAle puNya kA varNana hai| ' 13. mahApuNDarIka - isameM devAGganApada ke hetubhUta puNya kA varNana hai| 14. azItikA isameM prAyazcitta kA varNana hai| ina caudaha bhedoM ko prakIrNaka kahate haiN| AcAryoM ne alpa Ayu, alpabuddhi aura hInabalavAle ziSyoM ke upakAra ke lie prakIrNakoM kI racanA kI hai| vAstava meM, tIrthaMkara paramadeva aura sAmAnya kevaliyoM ne jo upadeza diyA, usakI gaNadhara tathA anya AcAryoM ne zAstra rUpa meM racanA kI aura vartamAna kAlavartI AcArya jo racanA karate haiM, vaha bhI Agama ke anusAra hone se prakIrNakarUpa se pramANa hai; bartana yA kUpa meM grahaNa kie gae kSIrasamudra ke nIra ke smaan| arthAt jisa prakAra ghaTa Adi meM bharA huA kSIrasamudra kA jala kSIrasamudra kA hI jala kahalAtA hai, usI prakAra kevalipraNIta vacanoM kA vistAra karane vAle AcAryoM ke vacana kevalI ke hI vacana kahalAte haiN|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 409 aGgapraviSTa ke bAraha bheda haiM - 1. AcArAGga isameM yatiyoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA aThAraha hajAra 2 sUtrakRtAGga 3. sthAnAGga 4. samavAyAGga - isameM jJAna, vinaya, chedopasthApanA Adi kriyAoM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA chattIsa hajAra hai| - eka, do, tIna Adi ekAdhika sthAnoM meM SaDdravya Adi kA nirUpaNa hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA bayAlIsa hajAra hai| - isameM dharma, adharma, lokAkAza, eka jIva asaMkhyAta pradezI hai, sAtaveM naraka kA madhyabila, jambUdvIpa, sarvArthasiddhi kA vimAna aura nandIzvara dvIpa kI vApI ina sabakA eka lAkha yojana pramANa hai, ityAdi varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA causaTha hajAra hai| isameM jIva haiM yA nahIM ityAdi prakAra ke gaNadhara ke dvArA kiye gaye sATha hajAra praznoM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA do lAkha aTThAIsa hajAra 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti 6. jJAtRkathA . - - isameM tIrthaMkaroM aura gaNadharoM kI kathAoM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca lAkha pacAsa hajAra hai| 7 upAsakAdhyayana - - isameM zrAvakoM ke AcAra kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA gyAraha lAkha sattara hajAra hai| 8 antaH kRtadaza - pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke samaya meM dasa-dasa muni hote haiM jo upasargoM ko sahakara mokSa pAte haiN| una muniyoM kI kathAoM kA isameM varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA teIsa lAkha aTThAIsa hajAra hai| 9.. anuttaropapAdikadaza - pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke samaya dasa-dasa muni hote haiM jo upasargoM ko sahakara pA~ca anuttara vimAnoM meM utpanna hote haiN| una muniyoM kI kathAoM kA isameM varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA bAnave lAkha cavAlIsa hajAra hai| 10. praznavyAkaraNa - isameM prazna ke anusAra naSTa, muSTigata Adi kA uttara hai| isake padoM kI . saMkhyA terAnave lAkha solaha hajAra hai| 11. vipAkasUtra - isameM karmoM ke udaya, udIraNA aura sattA kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA eka karor3a caurAsI lAkha hai| 12. dRSTivAda - nAmaka bArahaveM aGga ke pA~ca bheda haiM - 1. parikarma, 2. sUtra, 3. prathamAnuyoga, . 4. pUrvagata aura 5. cuulikaa| inameM (1) parikarma ke pA~ca bheda haiM - 1. candra prajJapti ___- isameM candramA kI Ayu, gati, vaibhava Adi kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA chattIsa lAkha pA~ca hajAra hai| 2. sUryaprajJapti - isameM sUrya kI Ayu, gati, vaibhava Adi kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca lAkha tIna hajAra hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 410 3. jambUdvIpa prajJapti - isameM jambUdvIpa kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA tIna lAkha paccIsa' hajAra hai| 4. dvIpasAgara prajJapti - isameM sabhI dvIpoM aura sAgaroM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA bAvana lAkha chattIsa hajAra hai| 5. vyAkhyAprajJapti - isameM rUpI, arUpI Adi chaha dravyoM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA caurAsI lAkha chattIsa hajAra hai| (2) sUtra - isameM jIva ke kartRtva, bhoktRtva Adi kI siddhi tathA bhUtacaitanyavAda kA khaNDana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA aThAsI lAkha hai| (3) prathamAnuyoga isameM trezaTha zalAkA mahApuruSoM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca hajAra hai| (4) pUrvagata - isake utpAdapUrva Adi caudaha bheda haiM - 1. utpAdapUrva - isameM vastu ke utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA eka karor3a hai| 2. agrAyaNIpUrva - isameM aMgoM ke pradhAnabhUta arthoM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA chyAnave lAkha hai| 3. vIryAnupravAda pUrva - isameM baladeva, vAsudeva, cakravartI, indra, tIrthaMkara Adi ke bala kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA sattara lAkha hai| 4. astinAstipravAda pUrva - isameM jIva Adi vastuoM ke astitva aura nAstitva kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA sATha lAkha hai| 5. jJAnapravAda pUrva - isameM ATha jJAna, unakI utpatti ke kAraNa aura jJAnoM ke svAmI kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA eka kama eka karor3a hai| 6. satyapravAdapUrva ___ - isameM varNa, sthAna, do indriya Adi prANI aura vacanagupti ke saMskAra kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA eka karor3a aura chaha hai| 7. AtmapravAdapUrva - isameM jJAnAdi, AtmakartRtvAdi svarUpa kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA chabbIsa karor3a hai| 8. karmapravAdapUrva - isameM karmoM ke bandha, udaya, upazama, udIraNA aura nirjarA kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA eka karor3a assI lAkha hai| 9. pratyAkhyAnapUrva - isameM dravya aura paryAyarUpa pratyAkhyAna kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA caurAsI lAkha hai| 10. vidyAnupravAda - isameM pA~ca sau mahAvidyAoM, sAta sau kSudravidyAoM aura aSTAMgamahAnimittoM ___ kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA eka karor3a dasa lAkha hai| 11. kalyANapUrva - isameM tIrthaMkara, cakravartI, balabhadra, vAsudeva, indra Adi ke puNya kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA chabbIsa karor3a hai|
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *411 12. prANAvAyapUrva - isameM aSTAMga vaidyavidyA, gArur3avidyA aura mantra-tantra Adi kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA teraha karor3a hai| 13. kriyAvizAlapUrva - isameM chanda, alaMkAra aura vyAkaraNa kI kalA kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA nau karor3a hai| 14. lokabindusAra - isameM nirvANa ke sukha kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA sAr3he bAraha karor3a hai| isa prakAra caudaha pUrva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| prathama pUrva meM dasa, dvitIya meM caudaha, tRtIya meM ATha, cauthe meM aThAraha, pA~caveM meM bAraha, chaThe meM bAraha, sAtaveM meM solaha, AThaveM meM bIsa, nauveM meM tIsa, dasaveM meM pandraha, gyArahaveM meM dasa, bArahaveM meM dasa, terahaveM meM dasa aura caudahaveM pUrva meM dasa vastue~ haiN| saba vastuoM kI saMkhyA eka sau paJcAnave hai| eka-eka vastu meM bIsa-bIsa prAbhRta hote haiN| saba prAbhRtoM kI saMkhyA tIna hajAra nau sau hai| dUsare pUrva meM jo caudaha vastue~ haiM, unake nAma isa prakAra haiM - pUrvAnta, parAnta, dhruva, adhruva, cyavanalabdhi, adhruvasaMpraNidhi, artha, bhaumAvayAdya (?), sarvArtha, kalpanIya jJAna, atItakAla, anAgata kAla, siddhi aura upAdhya (?) / cyavanalabdhi nAmaka vastu meM 20 prAbhRtaka haiN| una prAbhRtoM meM jo cauthA prAbhRta hai usake 24 anuyogadvAra haiN| unake nAma isa prakAra haiN| kRti, vedanA, sparzana, karma, prakRti, baMdhana, nibaMdhana, prakrama, anupakrama, abhyudaya, mokSa, saMkrama, lezyA, lezyAkarma, lezyApariNAma, sAtA-asAtA, dIrgha-hasva, bhavadhAraNIya, pudgalatva, nidhatta-anidhatta, sanikAcita, anikAcita, karma-sthiti aura pazcimaskandha / yahA~ alpabahutva paccIsavA~ adhikAra hotA hai, kintu caubIsa hI anuyogoM meM alpabahutva sAdhAraNa arthAt samAna rUpa se hai, isalie vaha bhI caubIsavA~ adhikAra hI kahA jAtA hai (alpabahutva nAma kA pRthak adhikAra nahIM hai)| (5) cUlikA - cUlikA ke pA~ca bheda haiM - 1. jalagatA cUlikA - isameM jala ko rokane, jala ko barasAne Adi ke mantra-tantroM kA varNana hai| isake padoM kI saMkhyA do karoDa nau lAkha navAsI hajAra do sau hai| 2. sthalagatA cUlikA - isameM thor3e hI samaya meM aneka yojana gamana karane ke mantra-tantroM kA varNana hai| isake pada jalagatA ke samAna hai| 3. mAyAgatA cUlikA - isameM indrajAla Adi mAyA ke utpAdaka mantra-tantroM kA varNana hai| isake pada do karor3a nau lAkha navAsI hajAra do sau haiN| 4. AkAzagatA cUlikA - isameM AkAza meM gamana ke kAraNabhUta mantra-tantroM kA varNana hai| isake pada do karor3a nau lAkha navAsI hajAra do sau haiN| 5. rUpagatA cUlikA - siMha, vyAghra, gaja, uraga, nara, sura Adi ke rUpoM (veSa) ko dhAraNa karAne vAle mantra-tantroM kA varNana hai| ina sabake padoM kI saMkhyA jalagatA cUlikA ke padoM kI saMkhyA ke barAbara hI hai| isa prakAra bArahaveM dRSTivAda aMga ke parikarma Adi pA~ca bhedoM kA varNana huaa| yahA~ jo padoM ke dvArA saMkhyA kahI gaI hai, use grantha kI pada-saMkhyA kahate haiM; arthAt granthoM kI padasaMkhyA kA kathana karate haiN| ikyAvana karor3a ATha lAkha caurAsI hajAra cha: sau sAr3he ikkIsa anuSTupa, eka pada meM hote haiN| isa prakAra eka pada meM granthoM kI saMkhyA 510884621 - hai| isa prakAra padagrantha haiM tathA unake akSara 16 haiN| aMgapUrva zruta ke eka sau bAraha karor3a terAsI lAkha aTThAvana hajAra pA~ca pada hote haiN|
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________________ 111 . .170 249 285 / anya 196 - 201 208 tattvArthazlokavArtikAlaMkArAMtargata zlokasUcI - tRtIya khaMDa - zloka pRSTha saM. | zloka (a) | adhyakSatvaM na hi vyAptaM agnirityagnirityAde anupaplutadRSTInAM ajJAnatvAdativyApteH | anAlaMbanatAvyAptiH ataijasAMjanApekSi anumAnamavastveva atra pracakSate kecit | anugrAhakatA vyAptA athasvabhedaniSThasya | anyathAnupapatyekaajJAtArtha prakAzazce anekAMtAtmakaM sarvaM ajJAnAtmakatAyAM tu | anyathAnupapannatvaM atyaMtAbhyAsato hyAzu 288 anvayo lohalekhyatve athopalabhyate yena 220 | anvayavyatirekI ca arthajJAnasya vijJAnaM 33 | anyathAnupapattyekaarthagrahaNayogyatvaM 37 | anekAMtAtmake bhAve aMtyazadveSu zadvatve 41 | anyathA taimirasyAkSa arthakriyAsthitiH proktA 58 | anyathA na manodhyakSaM arthasaMzayato vRttiH | anumeyenumAnena / atyakSasya svasaMvittiH | apramANAdapi jJAnAt arthasyAsaMbhave'bhAvAt | aprasiddhaM tathA sAdhyaM arthAkAratvatodhyakSaM | apramANatvapakSepi arthakriyAkSatistatra | aprAptikAriNI cakSuH atha ni:zeSazUnyatva | abAdhitArthatAtra syAt aduSTakAraNArabdha | ayaskAMtAdinA loha - adRzyAnupalabdhizca 145 | ayaskAMtANubhiH kaizcit adRSTimAtrasAdhyazca 201 ) avadhyAvRtividhvaMmaaMdhakArAvabhAsosti 346 / avagrahagRhItasya 283 294 (16 110 331 202 356 356
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 413 pRSTha saM. 394 107 402 36 pRSTha saM. | zloka ___75 | AgamAdeva tatsiddhau | AgamatvaM puna: siddhaM | AtmA prayatnavAMstasya 124 AtmAbhAvo hi bhasmAdau AtmAyekatva siddhizcet AdyapramANata: syAccet 254 | Adye parokSamityAha AdyA yathA na me duHkhaM 254 AlokenApi janyatve 191 183 / 339 105 243 271 . 76 zloka avijJAtapramANatvAt avagrahAdi vijJAnaM arvAgbhAgovinAbhAvI abhidhAnavizeSazcet avaktavyottarAzeSAavyutpannaviparyastauavyutpannaviparyasta avineyeSu mAdhyasthaM / avyutpannaviparyastAavagrahagRhItArthaavAyasya pramANatvaM avyaktamatra zadvAdiaspaSTaM vedanaM kecit aspaSTapratibhAsAyAH aspaSTatvena cennAnuasvasaMvedyavijJAnaakSebhyo hi parAvRttaM akSajJAnairanusmRtya akSajJAnairvinizcitya akSArthayogajAdvastu akSajJAnaM hi pUrvasmAt akSasaMvedanAbhAve akSajJAnatayAtvaikyaahetuphalarUpasya (A). AkarSaNaprayatnena 107 129 133 36 / 146 150 151 228 iti bruvan mahAyAtrA 324 | ityevaM svayamiSTatvAt | iti zadvAtprakArArthAt 118 | ityAcakSaNiko itIyaM vyApakA dRSTiH 277 ityanyonyAzritaM nAsti 107 ityanyonyAzritirna syAt ityayuktaM tathAbhUtaityevaM tadviruddhopa | ityayuktamavaktavyaM 294 ityapyazeSavidbodhaiH ityayuktaM sadAzeSaiti kecitprabhASate ityAgamazca tasyAsti itarasyAbahoreka357 | ityayuktamayaskAMtaM 132 235 252 270 ra8ra 285 352 301 356
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 414 pRSTha saM.. . . . .. 75 397 zloka ityakRtrimatA sarvaiti saMvedanAbhAvAt iti yepi samAdadhyuH iti cidrUpasAmAnyaiMdriyAniMdriyAyattaiMdriyANIMdriyArthAbhiiMdriyAniMdriyAbhyAM hi iSTaH sAdhayituM sAdhyaH IhAdayaH punastasya 115 pRSTha saM. | zloka 380 | | etenaivottaraH pakSaH 381 | etenaiva sajAtIya391 | etenaiva hatAdeza | etenaiva catuHpaMca25 | etaccAsti sunirNItA261 | etena paMcarUpatvaM 284 | etena bhautikatvAdi | evaM samatvasaMsiddhau | evaM vicArato mAna | evaM heturayaM zaktaH 226 | evaM prayogataH siddhiH evaM bahutvasaMkhyAyAM | evamarthasya dharmANAM 258 306 320 utpAdAditrayAkrAMtaM utpAdavyayanirmuktaM uttarapratipatyAkhyA udeSyati muhUrtAte udeSyacchakaTaM vyomaupalabdhyanupalabdhibhyAM 176 176 129 226 308 UhApohAtmikA prajJA 376 (R) 24 kathaMcidvyapadezAdi247 | kathaMcitsAdhyatAdAtmya kathaM ca mecakajJAnaM kalazAderabhivyaktiH kevalajJAnavatsarvakarmatvenAparicchittiH karmatvena paricchitteH kartuH smaraNahetustat | kartRhInavacovitteH | kariSyate ca tadvatsa | kavInAM kiM na kAvyeSu 309 | kshcitpriiksskailokaiH RcaH kRtA iti kveyaM (e) ekasyAnekarUpatve eka evezvarajJAnaekatvagocaraM ca syAt ekasAmAyadhInatvAt ekasyAnekarUpasya 379 384 386 237 / 381 . 3/1
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 415 344 352 355 356 176 224 / 351 283 348 225 226 366 231 / kisa 383 360 284 zloka kAryakAraNabhAvAtsyAt kAraNena binA svena kAryAditrayavattasmAt kAraNAnupalaMbhAccet kAraNAtkAryavijJAnaM kAraNasyopalabdhiH syAt kAraNAnupalaMbhepi kAryotpAdanayogyatve . kAryakAraNanirmuktakAraNArthaviruddhA tu kAraNadviSTakAryopa- . kAraNavyApakadviSTokAraNavyApakadviSTa kAraNaM bharaNistatra kArye heturayaM neSTaH kAryeNa kAraNasyAnukAryakAraNabhAvAste kAraNAnupalabdhistu kAryakAraNabhinnasya kAraNavyApakAdRSTikAraNavyApakAdRSTiH kAraNavyApakavyApikAryakAraNanirmuktAt kAcAdyaMtaritArthAnAM kAcAdibhedane zaktiH kAcAdyaMtaritAnarthAn pRSTha saM. | zloka 23 | kAcAdyaMtaritArthepi 180 | kAcAdyaMtaritArthAnAM kAlAtyayApadiSTasya kAyAMtargatalohasya kiM na tAdAtmyatajanya kAlena yAvatA zailaM 224 kiMcidityavabhAsyatra | kimuSNasparzavijJAnaM kiM nimittaM zrutajJAnaM kimakRtrimatA tasya 232 | kuTyAdivyavadhAnepi 233 | kRto bhedo nayAtsattA 233 | kRtAtidezavAkyArtha236 | kevalAnvayi saMyogI237 | keSAM punarime'vagra238 kevalo nArthaparyAya238 kecidAhurna tadyuktaM 242 | kevalavyatirekISTa | kauTasthyAtsarvabhAvAnAM kramAdavagrahehAtma| kvAvasthAnamanenaiva kvacidAtmani saMsAra248 / (ga) 337 | gatvA sudUramekasya ra gatvA sudUramapyevaM 339 / guNonekasvabhAvaH syAt 401 249 300 320 174 208 243 314 243 297 245 29 244 68 124 310
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika *416 zloka gaMdhAdhiSThAnabhUtasya gRhItagrahaNAbhedAt gRhItamagRhItaM vA gRhItagrahaNAttatra gRhItaprAptayorekAgRhItagrahaNAttarko grAhyagrAhakabhAvo vA gocarAbhedatazcenna gauNazcedvyapadezoyaM (ca) caMdre caMdratvavijJAnacaMdrodayo'vinAbhAvI caMdrAdau jalacaMdrAdi cakSuH prAptaparicchedacakSuSA zaktirUpeNa citrasaMvyavahArasya citraM rUpamiti jJAnaM cetanAtmatayA vittecetanaM caitadevAstu cetanAcetanArthAnAM pRSTha saM. | zloka 360 jJAnazadvasya saMbaMdha: | jJAtAhaM bahirarthasya 66 | jJAnaM jJAnAMtarAdvedyaM 132 | jJAnAMtaraM yadA jJAnAt 143 jJAnAtmakapramANena 162 | jJAtaprAmANyato mAnAt jJAnAnuvartanAtatra jJAnagrahaNasaMbaMdhAt 229 | jJAnasya spaSTatAloka jJAnAtmanastathAbhAva jJAnamAdyaM smRti: saMjJA 187 | taccetanetarAkAra332 | taccAnumAnamiSTaM cet 334 | tacca syAdvAdinAmeva taccopacArato grAhyaM tatkarmatvaparicchittau tatsvArthavyavasAyAtma | tatsAdhakatamatvasya 191 | tatredaM ciMtyate tAvat / tato nAtyaMtiko bhedaH 121 | tatrApUrvArthavijJAnaM * 283 | tatsvArthavyavasAyAtma 22 | tatra dezAMtarAdIni 256 | tatazca codanAbuddhiH 12 | tatra pravRttisAmarthyAt jAtyAdyAtmakabhAvasya jAtyAdikalpanonmuktaM jighratyatIndriyajJAnaM jijJAsitavizeSastu jJAnaM saMlakSitaM tAva
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 417 pRSThasaM 244 266 277 10 280 285 120 286 297 303 303 131 / 139 304 142 306 320 zloka tatra yatparatojJAnaM tatpramANaprameyAditatprasiddhena mAnena tataH sAlaMbanaM siddha tatrAdyakalpanApoDhe tatonyathA smRtirna syAt tataH pratyakSamAstheyaM tatsvArthavyavasAyAtma tataH pramANazUnyatvAt tatsiddhasAdhanaM jJAnatatra yo nAma saMvAdaH tatrAdhyakSAMtarasyApi tatra liMge tadevedaM tattarkasyAvisaMvAdo tatastarkaH pramANaM naH. tatsAdhyAbhimukho bodho tato yathAvinAbhUte tato vaidharmyadRSTAMte tattatraivopalaMbha: syAt tatparIkSakalokAnAM tata eva na pakSasya tatra pUrvacarasyopatato'tItaikakAlAnAM tatra kAryAprasiddhiH syAt tatrAbhinnAtmanoH siddhi: tatkAryavyApakAsiddhi: pRSTha saM. | zloka 82 | tatkAryavyApakasyApi 84 | tacchadvena parAmarzo 86 | tato nAkAraNaM vitteH tatra yadvastumAtrasya tato dRDhatarAvAya tata eva pradhAnasya 124 / tatsamakSetaravyakti 128 / tatra pradhAnabhAvena tatkSiprajJAnasAmAnya| tattadviSaya bahvAdeH tatpRSThajo vikalpazcet | tata eva na niHzeSa144 tatrAprAptiparicchedi 161 | tato nAsiddhatA heto tato'kSirazmayo bhitvA tatrArekotkara: sarvo tadvyakte: jJAnapUrvatvaM tatkAraNaM hi kANAdAH tata eva na dhAtAstu | tataH sarvAnumAnAnAM 227 | tatsAdhanAMtaraM tasya 236 | tatsaMjJAsaMjJisaMbaMdha239 | tataH paraM ca vijJAnaM | tathAstviti mataM dhvasta| tathA ca na parokSatvatathA pariNato hyAtmA 350 171 352 100 366 375 07 378 380 383 384 401 243
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 418 234 251 zloka tathA ca yuktimatproktaM tathA'bhAvazca saMyuktatathA grahoparAgAditathA sati pramANasya tathA mithyAvabhAsitvAt tathaivAstvarthayAthAtmyatathaivAnupalabhena tathA sahacaradviSTatathottaracarasyopatathA sAdhyamabhipretaM tathArthajanyatApISTA tathaivAlocanAdInAM tathAzazvadadRzyena tathA na sphaTikAMbhobhratathAkSNorna virudhyeta tathAnudbhUtarUpaM tat tathA ca yugapajjJAnAtathAyaskAMtapASANaM tadeva jJAnamAstheyaM tathaiva karaNatvasya tadA svapnAdivijJAnaM tadvijJAnasya cAnyasmAt tadvyAptisiddhirapyanyatadA mateH pramANatvaM tadvakSamANakAtsUtra tadakalpakamarthasya pRSTha saM. | zloka 38 | tadapAye ca buddhasya 41 | tadapratiSThitau kvAnu tadA saMskAra eva syAt tadapyasaMgataM liMgi| tadvidhaikatvasAdRzya | tadityatItavijJAnaM 228 tadekatvasya saMsiddhau | tadavidyAbalAdiSTA tadekalakSaNaM hetoH | tadiSTau tu trayeNApi 271 / tadA dhUmognimAneSa 288 | tadvizeSavivakSAyAM 343 | tadvAsanAprabodhAccet | tadbAdhAbhAvaniNItiH | taddhetostriSu rUpeSu 349 tadviruddha vipakSe ca 352 | taviruddha vipakSasyA | tadvilopekhilakhyAta tadasadvastunoneka| tadayuktaM manISAyAH | taddhi mithyAcaritrasya 74 | tadabhAve ca matyAdya91 | tadetatsahacaravyApi | taddhetuhetvadRSTiH syAt 102 | tadasadvAdineSTasya 121 | tadapramANakaM tAvat 197 196 208 356 225 34 230 231 234 234 244 252 258
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 419 zloka saM 385 140 143 290 351 397 3 161 353 14 Ple tadiSTasAdhanaM tAvat tadasaMgatamiSTasya tadyatra sAdhanAdbodho tadgRhItArthasAmAnye tadasatsvArthasaMvitteH tadAkSavedanaM ca syAt tadAkSAnidriyotpAdyaM tadAnumA pramANatvaM tadvizeSeNa bhAvena tadbodhabahutAvittiH tadevAvagrahAdyAkhyaM / tadaprAtItikaM soyaM tadasallocanasyArthatadevaM cakSuSaH prApyatadA svagRhamAnyA syAt tadayogAdvirudhyeta . tadAgamasya nizcetuM tadvivartastvavidyAtmA tadopamAnata: saitat tannAnabhyAsakAlepi tannAbhyAsAtpramANatvaM tanna pratyakSavattasya tannaikAMtAtmanA jIvatanna sAdhvakSajasyArtha tannirNayAtmakaH siddho tannAnisRtabhAvasya pRSTha saM. | zloka 258 | tanno na pauruSeyatvaM 258 | tayA yathA parokSatvaM 260 | tayA yAvatsvatIteSu 279 | tayAlaMbitamanyaccet tayozca kramato jJAnaM 294 | tayA vinA pravartate 295 | tarkazcaivaM pramANaM syAt 299 | tarkAdermAnase'dhyakSe 303 | tarkasaMvAdasaMdehe 305 | taprApterabhedepi 312 | tasya nirvRtyavasthAyAM 338 | tasmAnmatiH zrutAdbhinnA 346 tasyaivAdimazadveSu 359 | tasyAdekamanekAtma379 | tasyApi ca pramANatvaM 383 | tasmAtprekSAvatAM yuktA 394 | tasyAvizadarUpatve tasyAnAzrayatverthe 402 | tasmAdvastveva sAmAnya72 | tasmAtpravartakatvena 78 | tasmAtpramANamicchadbhiH 166 | tasyohAMtarataH siddhau 193 | tasmAtpramANakartavya280 | tasmAtpratItimAzritya 292 | tasminsahacaravyApi / 315 | tasya tadvyavacchedatvAt 6 92 394 | 108 111 131 161 165 170 187 ' 234 252
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 420 zloka pRSTha saM. | zloka 265 / 293 | 264 282 139 tasya bAhyanimittopatasyaiva nirNayovAyaH tasya pratyakSarUpasya tasya prAptANugaMdhAditasya kvacidabhivyaktI tAdRkSayogyatAhAneH tAdRzI tritayenApi tAdRzI vAsanA kAcit tAdRzaH kiM na vAkyasya teSAM svatopramANatvaM teSAM saMvittimAtraM syAt teSAM tatkiM svataH siddha teSAM tanmAnasaM jJAnaM tena tu na punarjAtatena kRtaM na nirNItaM tenAnuSNognirityeSa teSAM sarvamanekAMta tenArthamAtranirbhAsAt tejonusUtritA jJeyA tejodravyaM hyanudbhUtataijasaM nayanaM satsu tridhA pratyakSamityetat triSu rUpeSu cedrUpaM trirUpahetuniSThAnatrithaiva vAvinAbhAva 180 280 | duSTakAraNajanyasya duSTe vaktari zabdasya 353 dUre zabdaM zRNomIti 377 | dUre jighrAmyahaM gaMdha 140 dRSTAdRSTanimittAnAM 214 | dRSTaM yadeva tatprApta | dRSTAsahacaradviSTodRSTAddhetorvinA yerthA dRSTAMtanirapekSatvaM dRSTerabhedabhedAtma| dravyeNa tadbalodbhUta | dezakAlAdyapekSazcet 138 | dezatastadabhivyaktI devadattAdirityastu dravyato'nAdirUpANAM | dravyaparyAyasAmAnyadravyAMtaritagaMdhasya dravyarUpA punarbhASAdvayaM parata eveti dvayorekena nAyuktA dvAzAvasthamaMgAtma 199 | dvibhedamaMgabAhyatvAt 206 | (dha) 241 | dharmiNyasiddharUpepi dharmisaMtAna sAdhyAzcet 377 382 - 250 239 251 288 360 396 74 24. | daya 106 103 374 374 256 256
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 421 pRSTha saM. 238 238 zloka dharmidharmasamUhotra dharmiNopyaprasiddhasya dhAraNAviSaye tatra dhUmAdayo yathAgnyAdi dhruvasya setarasyAtra dhvastaM tatrArthajanyatvaM 252 70 258 258 282 284 287 311 319 325 339 pRSTha saM. | zloka 259 / na ca tasyAnumA svodya260 | nanvarthAMtarabhUtAnAM 313 | nanu necchati vAdIha | nanviSTasAdhanAt saMti 317 | nanviSTasAdhanaM dharmi | nanu sanmAtrakaM vastu nanvavagrahavijJAnaM | nanu dUre yathaiteSAM 35 | nanvanekasvabhAvatvAt | nanu bahvAdayo dharmAH nanvarthAvagraho yadvat 52 | na kvacitpratyabhijJAnaM | nanvatyaMtaparokSatve | na cekSatesmadAdInAM 83 | na syAnmecakavijJAnaM 92 | na ca kevalapUrvatvAt 122 | na smRtyAdi matijJAnaM 142 | na vedAdhyayane zaktaM | na sosti brAhmaNotrAdau | na ca heturasiddhoyaM | na so'sti pratyayo loke | na hyavasthA catasrosya nAnidriyanimittatvAnAnAjJAnAni nezasya nAkSaliMgavibhinnAyAH nApramANAtmano smRtvA 343 344 351 na matizrutayoraikyaM . nanu pramIyate yena na tAvadbhautikaM tasyAnanUpaplutavijJAnaM . na caikatra pramANatvana ca sAmarthyavijJAne nanvasiddhaM pramANaM kiM nanu pramANasaMsiddhina cApramANato jJAnAt na.ca jAtyAdirUpatvaM nanvastvekatvasAdRzyana vaisAdRzyAsAdRzyananUhasyApi saMbaMdhe na cAdarzanamAtreNa na vedyavedakAkAra nanUpalabhyamAnatva-. na cAnukUlatAmAtraM nanu pradezavRttInAM na rohiNyudayastu syAt 371 373 379 380 386 388 391 24 128
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 422 pRSTha saM. 267 190 178 303 376 185 zloka nArthAjjanmopapadyetanAnumAnena tasyApi nAnyathAnupapannatvaM nAnAdivAsanodbhUta nAnyathAnupapannatvanAkrameNakrameNApi nAstikyapariNAmo hi nApi pUrvadAdInAM nAvazyaM nirNayAkAMkSA nApIyaM mAnasaM jJAnaM nAnudbhUtadvayaM tejonApekSaM saMbhavAdbAdhaM nAnumAnAttatorthAnAM nAkalaMkavaco bAdhA nAmAsaMsRSTarUpA hi nityAnityAtmakaH zabdaH nityAnAM viprakRSTAnAM nihaMti sarvathaikAMtaM nityaikAMte na sA tAvat nityAnityAtmaketvarthe nizcitaM pakSadharmatvaM nirAkRtaniSedho hi niSedhaheturevaikanizcitAnizcitAtmatvanirvRteH kAraNaM vyAptaM niSedhe'nupalabdhi:syAt pRSTha saM. | zloka 136 | nimittaM kArakaM yasya 167 | niHzeSaM sAtmakaMjIva niHzeSavartamAnArtho 184 ni:zeSapudgalaudgatya 219 / nirvikalpakayA dRSTyA 227 niSkrAMto niHsRtaH kAtyA't nisRtoktamathaivaM syAt 247 | niyamArthamidaM sUtraM | niraMzovayavI zailo 293 | nityasya vyApino vyaktiH nIlasaMvedanasyArthe nIladarzanata: pItanezvarasyAkSajaM jJAnaM nedaM nairAtmakaM jIvanehAnidriyajaivAkSa netyAdyAha niSedhArtha| naitatsAdhu pramANasya | naika dravyAtmatatvena | noSNavIryatvatastasya | nopadezamapekSeta174 | (pa) | paracittAgateSvarthe| parAnurodhamAtreNa paraloka prasiddhyarthaM parAbhyupagamaH kena 241 / paratopi pramANatve 394 126 147 407 293. 330 237 350 401 184 227
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 423 378 65 207 207 236 237 240 247 371 331 381 zloka parArthAnumitau tasya parAsahatayAkhyAtaM parokSamiti nirdezo parAparAnumAnAnAM palvalodakanairmalyaM parNakoyaM svasaddhetupariNAminamAtmAnaM pakSadharmatvarUpaM syAt parasparAvinAbhAvAt pakSadharmastadaMzena pakSadharmAtyaye yuktAH / pariNAmanivRttau hi pakSAbhAsaH svavAgbAdhaH parArtheSvanumAneSu paraprasiddhitasteSAM pakSAvyApakatAhetoH pareSTyAstIti cettasyAH parokSAviSkRtestasya parAgame pramANatvaM pazyaMtyA tu vinA naitat pAraMparyeNa hAnAdipAraMparyeNa tajatvAt pitrorbrAhmaNatA putra - pitAmahaH pitA kiM na punarvikalpayan kiMcit puMsaH satsaMprayoge ya pRSTha saM. | zloka 158 | puruSArthopayogitva103 pUrvottara vivartAkSa pUrvanirNIta dADhya'sya pUrvaM prasajyamAnatvAt 187 | pUrvavaccheSavatproktaM 188 | pUrvacAra na ni:zeSa pUrvapUrvacarAdInAM 199 | pUrvottaracarANi syu226 | pUrvavatkAraNAtkArye240 | pUrvazabdaprayogasya pauna:punyena vikSiptA | paurvAparyavihInerthe | pratyakSamAtmani jJAnaM pratyakSaM svaphalajJAnaM pradhAnapariNAmatvAt .. pramAtrAdhiSThitaM taccet prameye pramitAvAbhi pramAtAbhinna evAtma 386 | pramANaM yatra saMbaddhaM pramANaphalasaMbaMdhI 138 | pramANaM yena sArUpyaM pramANavyavahArastu pramANamavisaMvAdi prAmANyaM vyavahAreNa pratyakSeNa gRhItepi 127 | pratyakSaM pratyabhijJA cet 250 257 MM 370 37 391 284 237 120
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 424 zloka 143 143 144 145 zloka pratyakSeNAgrahIterthe pramANena pratIterthe prasUtirvA sajAtIyaprekSAvatA punarjeyA prasiddhenAprasiddhasya pramANamekameveti pratyakSAMtarato vAsya pramANAMtarato jJAne pratyakSamanumAnaM ca pratyakSAnupalaMbhAbhyAM pratyakSaM mAnasaM yeSAM pratyakSanizcitavyApti pratyakSAdanumAnasya pratyakSaM vizadaM jJAnaM pratyakSaM vizadaM jJAnaM pratyakSamekamevoktaM pramANe iti vA dvitve prApyArthApekSayeSTaM cet pratyakSamanyadityAha pratyakSalakSaNaM prAhuH pratyakSaM kalpanApoDaM pravartamAnA keSAMcit pratyekamiti zadasya pratyakSamarthavanna syAt pratyakSaM mAnasaM jJAnaM pramANatvAdyathAliMgi .169 : 64 | pratyakSavatsmRteH sAkSAt | pratyabhijJAya ca svArthaM 74 | pratyakSaviSaye tAvat 77 | prApya svalakSaNe vRttiH 84 | pratyabhijJAnumAnatve 87 | pratyakSaM bAdhakaM tAvat 88 | pratyabhijJAMtarAdAdya88 | pratyakSAtarataH siddhA pratyakSAnupalaMbhAbhyAM | pramAMtarAgRhItArtha | pratyakSAnupalaMbhAdeH 92 | pramANaviSayasyAyaM 95 | pramANaviSaye zuddhiH 99 / pratiSedhe viruddhopa103 | pratyAsatterabhAvAccet 103 | prANAdayo na saMtyeva 106 | pretyAsukhaprado dharmaH 111 / pramANabAdhitatvena 112 | prativAdyapi tasyaitat | pratipAdyastatastredhA 117 | pratyakSeNAprasiddhatvAt 130 | prasaMgasAdhanaM vecchet | pratyAsattivizeSasya 136 | pratyakSatvena vaizadya | pratyakSaM mAnasaM svArtha137 | pratyakSANi bahUnyeva 228 238 244 250 251 257 257 130 292 137 | pratyakSa 295 305
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 425 paSTha saM. 67 343 | 140 380 zloka prApyakArIndriyairyukto prApyakArIndriyaizcArthe prAptasyAMtaritArthena pratyakSeNAprabAdhena pratyakSeNAnumAnena prAptA harItakI zaktA pratyakSabAdhanaM tAvat pratyakSAMtaratazcennA prasiddhAyAM punastasyAM pratyakSAdivadityetat prakAzitopamA kaizcit pramANAMtaratAyAM tu pratyakSaM vyAdivijJAnaM . pravRttazca samAropa: proktabhedaprabhedaM tat phalatvena phalajJAne 394 106 130 185 pRSTha saM. | zloka bAdhavarjitatApyeSA 330 bAdhakodayataH pUrvaM bAdhakAbhAvavijJAnAt 344 | | bAdhakAbhAvabodhasya 355 bAlakohaM ya evAsaM 357 bAhyaM cakSuryadA tAvat 375 | brahmAdhyetA pareSAM vA 167 | brahmaNo na vyavasthAna 377 | buddhau tiryagavasthAnAt | buddhirmateH prakAra: syAt 401 401 | bhAvAbhAvAtmako nArthaH bhAvAbhAvekSaNaM siddhaM bhAvasya pratyabhijJAnaM bhAvAdyekAMtavAcAnAM bhAvavAgvyaktirUpAtra bhrAMte/jAvinAbhAvAt bhinnAvetau na tu svArthabhinnAbhinnAtmakatve tu | bhedAbhedavikalpAbhyAM 305 / (ma) 306 | matyAvaraNaviccheda matyAdInAM niruktyaiva 312 matisaMpUrvataH sAha313 matyAdInyeva saMjJAnaM 379 / matimAtragrahAdatra 185 382 386 396 395 223 376 153 bahvAdhavagrahAdInAM bahoH saMkhyAvizeSasya bahujJAnasamabhyarthya bahubhirvedanairanyabahvarthaviSayo na syAt bahutvena viziSTeSu bahvAdyavagrahAdIdaM bahI bahuvidhe cArthe bahukartRkatA siddheH 14
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 2426 108 13 110 142 / zloka maNiprabhA maNijJAne maNipradIpaprabhayoH matyAdiSvavabodheSu matireva smRtiH saMjJAmanasA janyamAnatvAt malAvRtamaNervyakti mayi nAsti matijJAnaM matijJAnavizeSANAM matijJAnasya sAmarthyAt matijJAnasya nirNItamanasoryugapavRttiH manaso'prApyakAritvaM manasoNutvatazcakSumahIyaso mahIdhrasya mano'nadhiSThitAzcakSUmanovadviprakRSTArthamatisAmAnyanirdezAt matipUrvaM tato jJeyam madhyamA tadabhAve kva mAnasasmaraNasyAkSa mAyeyaM bata duHpArA mithyAjJAnaM pramANaM na mukhyaM prAmANyamadhyakSe mukhyA jJAnAtmakAbheda pRSTha saM. | zloka | yathAdisUtre jJAnasya | yadyekasya virudhyeta128 | yaccArthavedane bAdhA yadi kAraNadoSasya | yathArthabodhakatvena yadyathArthAnyathAbhAvA243 yathA ca jAtamAtrasya yathA zadvAH svatastattva 266 | yathA vaktRguNairdoSaH 279 | yathA ca vaktabhAvena .. 291 | | yathA svAtaMtryamabhyasta336 | yatrAkSANi pravartate 350 | yathaivAstitvanAstitve 350 | yatpratyakSaparAmarzi yatrendriyamanodhyakSaM 353 yathA tathA yathArthatve 372 | yathAvabhAsato kalpAt yatra pravartate jJAnaM 391 | yatsattatsarvaM kSaNika 293 | yathA saMzayitArtheSu yasminnarthe pravRttaM hi yadi lokAnurodhena | yatraiva janayedenAM | yasya vaidhaHdRSTAMtA yaccAbhUtamabhUtasya 6 | yathA cAnupalaMbhena 373 | 145 146 170 171 176 185 207 (ya) 207 yanmanaHparyayAvAra 221
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 427 pRSTha saM. 126 158 53 126 182 208 312 320 zloka yasmAdanupalaMbhotra yatsvakAryAvinAbhAvi yasyArthasya svabhAvopayAvan kazciniSedhotra yathAnAtmA vibhuH kAye yato nizzeSamUrtArthayathaiva hi payorUpaM yathA hyukto bhavetpakSaH yathA'pravartamAnasya . yatobhayaM tadeveSAM yathA nIlaM tathA citraM yathA navazarAvAdau yathAyaskAMtapASANaH yathAsukhaM nirIkSate yadyanudbhUtarUpAste yathaikasya pradIpasva yathA kastUrikAdravye yathA kastUrikAdyarthaM yathA gaMdhANavaH kecit yadyapekSya vacasteSAM yAvacca sAdhanAdarthaH yuktyA yanna ghaTAmeti yugAdau prathamastadvat ye cArvAk parabhAgAdyAye nAzakyakriyatvasya yeSAmekAMtato jJAnaM pRSTha saM. | zloka 223 | yepi cAtmamanokSArtha225 | yeyaM saMbaMdhitArthAnAM | yaiva buddheH svayaM vittiH 228 | yogyatAM kAMcidAsAdya yogipratyakSato vyAptiyoginopi prati vyarthaH yogipratyakSamapyakSa | yogajAjjJAyate yattu 254 | yogyatAkhyazca sambandhaH 259 | yo viruddhotra sAdhyena 309 / yogijJAnavadiSTaM tat 330 | yo vyakto dravyaparyAya 331 | (ra) 344 / razmivallocanaM sarvaM 344 | rAjyAdidAyakAdRSTa346 | rUpatrayasya sadbhAvAt 356 / rUpAbhivyajana cAkSNA 356 | (la) 360 | lakSaNaM samaye tAvAn 388 | labdhyakSarasya vijJAnaM liMgazadAnapekSatvAt | liMgaliMgidhiyorevaM liMgapratyavamarzeNa liMgajJAnAdvinA nAsti | liMge pratyakSataH siddhe liMgAdivacanazrotra 345 226 199 346 114 397 99 108 144 239 163 79 229 371
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 428 - 37 zloka laiMgikAdi-vikalpasya laukikI kalpanApoDhAlaukikasyAprabodhyatve (va) vaktRtvAdAvasArvajJavakSyamANaM ca vijJeyaM varNasaMsthAdisAmAnyaM vAkyabhedAzraye yuktaM vAkriyAkArabhedAdevAkyeSu ceha kurvaMtaH vAgrUpatA tato na syAt vAgvijJAnAvRticchedavizuddhataratAyogAvijJAnasya parokSatve vijJAnAdityanadhyakSAt vivartAbhyAmabhedazcet vijJAnakAraNe doSavidhUtakalpanAjAlaM viziSTasyopayogasya viziSTArthAnparityajya vizeSatopi saMbaMdhavirodhAnnobhayAtmAdi viruddhakAryasaMsiddhiH viziSTakAlamAsAdya vyavadhAnAdahetutve vyaMjanAvagraho naiva pRSTha saM. | zloka 291 | vyaktivarNasya saMskAra: 125 | vidhau tadupalaMbhaH syuH 255 vizeSanizcayo vA ya vizeSaNavizeSyAdi 174 viparItasvabhAvatvAt 266 vicchedAbhAvataH spaSTa-- vijAnAti na vijJAnaM 268 vizeSaviSayatvaM ca 191 vibhajya sphaTikAdIMzcet vinAzAnaMtarotpattau 390 vikIrNAnekanetrAMzu 397 vizeSAdhAnamapyasya vizeSaNatayA hetoH | viruddho heturityevaM | vivartenArthabhAvena 65 | vetti sA pratyabhijJeti 70 | vedasya prathamodhyetA 125 vedavAkyeSu dRzyAnAM | vedasyApi payodAdi 159 vaikalyapratibaMdhAbhyAM | vaikharI madhyamAM vAcaM vyApakArthaviruddhopavyApakadviSTakAryopa| vyAptaM tenaM virodhIdaM 236 | vyAptikAle mataH sAdhya330 | vyAptiH sAdhyena nirNItA 3/2 382 382 383 132 / 385 225 391 229 230 236 230 259 260
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 429 367 372 373 126 396 13 333 124 14 zloka vyaktijAtyAzritatvena vyApinyA sUkSmayA vAcA vyApyavyApakabhAve hi (za) zabdaM zrutvA tadArthAnAM zaktiridriya mityetat zabdaliMgAkSasAmagrI zakyaM sAdhayituM sAdhyaM zabdakSaNakSayaikAMta: zaktirUpamadRzyaM cet zaktiH zaktimatonyatra zabdAtmano hi maMtrasya . zabdajJAnasya sarvepi zabdAtmakaM punaryeSAM zabdAdAMtara vyaktiH zabdavyakterabhinnaikazakyate tajjasaMvitteH zabdajJAnavadAzaMkAzabdAnuyojanAdeva zabdAnuyojanAdeva zabdAnuyojanAtveSA zAstreNa kriyatAM teSAM zAbdasya nizcayo'rthasya zemuSIpUrvatAsiddhi zailacaMdramasozcApi zrutAvaraNavizleSa pRSTha saM. | zloka 302 | zrutasyAjJAnatAmicchaM zrute'nekArthatAsiddhezrutvA zabdaM yathA tasmAt zrutajJAnAvRticcheda| zrotrasyAyena zabdena zrotrAdivRttiradhyakSaM 96 | zrotragrAhyAtra paryAya250 | (sa) 250 sa manaHparyayo jJeyo svAbhidhAnavizeSasya 334 | sarvastokavizuddhitvA358 | saMjJAnameva tAnIti sarvajJAnamanadhyakSaM | saMyogAdi punaryena 375 | satIndriyArthayostAvat 375 saMyuktasamavAyazca saMyuktasamavetArtha sannikarSe yathA satya | sarveSAmapi vijJAnaM 397 saMpratyayo yathA yatra 406 | sarvasyApi svatodhyakSa saMbaMdhotIndriyArtheSu 124 | samyagityadhikArAcca 378 | saMhRtya sarvatazcittaM 351 | saMketasmaraNopAyA12 | sarvathA nirvikalpatve 374 375 384 3 388 | savaSAmApa 113 120 123
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 430 pRSTha saM. 245 226 . .2 246. 246 253 164 256 164 170 2 170 2 5 .290 zloka savitarkavicArA hi samAropavyavacchedaH saMvAdo bAdhavaidhuryAsaMbaMdhaM vyAptitorthAnAM saMbaMdho vastu sannarthasamAropavyavacchedAt saMvAdako prasiddhArthasaMzayaH sAdhakaH prAptaH sa cetsaMzayajAtIyaH samyaktarkaH pramANaM syAt sarvajJatvena vaktRtvaM saMyoginA vinA vahniH saMyogAdiviziSTaH syAt sapakSasattvazUnyasya sarvakAryAsamarthasya sarvahetuvizeSANAM saMkSepAdupalaMbhazca samarthaM kAraNaM tena samagrakAraNaM kAryasamAropavyavacchedaH sahabhAvi-guNAtmatvasahacAriniSedhena sahacArinimittena sahacAryupalabdhi: syAt samAnakAraNatvaM tu sarvamuttaracArIha | zloka 125 || | sahacAriphalAdRSTiH | sahacArinimittasya 145 | sahabhUvyApakAdRSTiH 158 sahabhUvyApihetvAdya saMzayo hyanumAnena samArope tu pakSatvaM sattAyAM hi prasiddhAyAM | satyaM svArthAnumAnaM tu 170 | samAnAdhikaraNyaM tu | sarveSAM jIvabhAvAnAM saMvAdakatvato mAnaM 180 sahabhAvI vikalpopi sahabhAvopi godRSTi | saMtAnaikye tayorakSa saha smRtyakSavijJAne 219 | saMzayo vA viparyAsaH | samAnasannivezasya 224 | saMtopi razmayo netre sahAkSapaMcakasyaitat | samaM cA'dRSTavaicitryaM | samaM zabde samAdhAna samyagityadhikArAttu sarve svasaMpradAyasyasAdhyArthenAviruddhasya sAdhyasAdhanatA ca syAt 240 | sAbhISTA yogyatAsmAkaM 292 294 295 298 339 350 225 352 134 354 360 370 234 378 237 235 138
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika 431 286 113 349 132 353 189 357 132 134 135 zloka sAmarthyaM pAradIyasya sAdhyate cedbhavedarthasAdhIyasIti yo vakti sAdRzyapratyabhijJAnaM samAnAkAratA spaSTA sadhanAtsAdhyavijJAnasAsnAdimAnayaM gotvAt sAdhyaH pakSastu naH siddhaH sAdhye satyeva sadbhAva: sAdhyAbhAve vipakSe tu sAdhyAbhAve tvabhAvasya sAdhyAdanyopalabdhistu svaMtattvAlpAkSaratvAbhyAM . sAnumAnopamAnA ca sAhacaryamasiddhaM ca sArUpyakalpane tatra siddhe hi kevalajJAne siddhaH sAdhyAvinAbhAvo siddhe jAtyaMtare citre sthAsnUtpitsuvinAzitva spaSTasyApyavabodhasya sparzanena ca nirbheda spRSTaM zabdaM zRNotyakSasparzaneMdriyamAtrotthaM smRtyAdi vedanasyAtaH siddhaM nApUrNarUpeNa smRtyAdi zrutaparyaMta pRSTha saM. | zloka 338 | suprasiddhazca vikSiptaH 383 | sukhAdinA na cAtrAsti 384 | sUtrakArA iti jJeyaM 151 | smRteH pramANatApAye 154 | suvarNaghaTavattatsyAt 172 smRtyA svArthaM paricchidya 179 | sUkSme mahati ca prApteH | sUryAMzavo nayaMtyaMbhaH smRtimUlAbhilASAdeH 196 smRtirna laiMgikaM liMga202 smRtistaditi vijJAna 228 smRtiH kinnAnubhUteSu 14 | smaraNaM saMvidAtmatva smaraNAkSavidobhinnau smartAraH kathamevaM syuH 46 | | syAdvAdo na viruddho'taH 22 | syAtsAdhakatamatvena syAdvAdinAM punarjJAnA 311 syAdvAdinAM punarvAco syAtpramAtA pramANaM syAt svalpajJAnaM samArabhya svasaMvedyAMtarAdanyasvasaMvittikriyA na syAt svarUpasaMkhyayo kecit svarUpe sarvavijJAna svasaMvinmAtratodhyakSA111 | svavyApArasamAsakto 140 294 294 381 82 229 264 397
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________________ tattvArthazlokavArtika * 432 zloka 377 . pRSTha saM. | zloka 69 | svAdRSTavazataH puMsAM | svAbhipretAbhilApasya | so'yaM kUTa iti prAcyau| saivAspaSTatvahetuHsyAt 377 406 329 svataH sarvapramANAnAM svatastabalato jJAnaM svataH pramANatA yasya sveSTAniSTArthayotiH svakAraNavazAdeSA svasyaiva cetsvataH siddhaM svato hi vyavasAyAtmasvatazcettAdRzAkArA svasaMvedanataH siddheH svakArye bhinnarUpaikasvarUpalAbhahetozcet svakAraNAttathAgnizcet svayaM mAdhyasthyamAlaMbya svasaMvedanamadhyakSaM svArthavittau tadevAstu svajanyajJAnasaMvedyo svAtmAsvAvRtivicchedasvasaMvidaH pramANatvaM svArthe matizrutajJAnaM svato bahvarthanirbhAsi svArthanizcAyakatvena svataH saMvedanAtsiddhiH svArthayorapi yasya syAt svArthavyavasitirnAnyA svArthavyavasitistu syAt svArthaprakAzakatvena svAgamoktopi kiM na syAt svArthajanyamidaM jJAnaM hataM mecakavijJAnaM haMtAsAdhAraNaM siddhaM hetudoSavihInatvahetoranvayavaidhurye hetvAbhAsana hetvAbhAsepi tadbhAvAt hetunA yaH samagreNa hetorananvayasyApi | hetordine nizAnAtha 383 140 147 148 269 | (kSa) | kSaNakSayAdibodhe'pi kSaNikeSu vibhinneSu | kSayopazamatastacca 306 | kSaNapradhvaMsinaH saMtaH .. 68 | kSaNikepi viruddhyete | kSayopazamasaMjJeyaM 82 | kSaNikatvena na vyAptaM kSaNasthAyitayArthasya | kSayopazamabhedasya 133 | kSAyopazamikajJAnA251 | kSitidravyeNa saMyogo 270 | kSiprasyAcirakAlasya 168 191 118 | kSayA 325 302
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