Jain Dharma me Dhyana ka Aetihasik Vikas Kram

Author(s): Uditprabhashreeji
Publisher: Prachya Vidyapith Shajapur
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/001711/1

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama * mahAsatI DaoN. uditaprabhA' 'USA' www.jainelibrary.or

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dhyAna amRta-bindu 1. bAhya kolAhala se dUra, Atmika zAnti evaM cira Ananda kI anubhUti dhyAna sAdhanA se hI saMbhava ho sakatI hai| eka pala ke liye lagatA hai, jhaMjhAvAta zAnta ho gayA hai| sAdhanA kA uttarottara vikAsa krama vastutaH sRjanAtmakatA ke zikhara kI yAtrA hai| yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma. sA. "madhukara' DAyarI se saMkalita 2. dhyAna kA prayoga karanA eka pravRtti hai, kintu prayojana usase bhinna hai aura vaha hai jAgarUkatA kA vikaas|jiivn ke prati, vartamAna samasyAoM ke prati jAgarUkatA aae| jo soyA huA jIvana hai, mUrchA kA jIvana hai, pramAda aura Alasya kA jIvana hai vaha TUTe aura vyakti satata jAgarUka bana jaave| AcArya mahAprajJa 'finding your spiritual center' se uddhRta 3. dhyAna dvArA Atmika UrjA ko UrdhvagAmI kiyA jA sakatA hai| dhyAna sAdhanA meM lIna prANI vikAroM kA virecana karate hae Aloka se saMprakta ho jAtA hai| mana zAnta-sthira aura zItala ho jAtA hai| prANI jaba gahanatama kendra para samAdhistha ho jAtA hai to AMdhI ke bAda jala vRSTi hone para harItimA kI anubhUti karatA hai| AryA umarAva kuMvara 'arcanA' 4. dhyAna mana kA udaghATana aura usI ke dvArA pratyakSIkaraNa hai| vaha eka nirbAdha avalokana hai, eka aisA avalokana jisameM koI pRSThabhUmi nahIM hotI jisameM eka ananta zUnyatA hotI hai, jisameM avalokana hotA hai| vicAra kAla hai aura aise avalokana ke liejo vicAra kI sImA ke pare AtA hai, eka aise mana kI AvazyakatA hotI hai jo anupama rUpa se zAnta hai, mauna hai| je. kRSNamUrti 'zikSA saMvAda chAtroM aura zikSakoM se uddhRta For Private & Rersonal Use Only

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jainadharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama [ jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna lADanUM (mAnya vizva vidyAlaya ) pI. eca. DI. upAdhi ke lie svIkRta zodha prabandha ] anusandhitsu : sAdhvI DaoN. uditaprabhA 'uSA' ema. e. pI. eca. DI.

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* jaidha dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama * sAdhvI DaoN. uditaprabhA 'uSA' * mArgadrazikA : mahAyogezvarI mahAsatI zrI umarAvakuMvara jI ma. sA. 'acarnA' . *nidezaka : DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina, zAjApura * prathamAvRtti : janavarI 2007 * pratiyA~ : 1200 * prakAzaka / prApti sthAna (1) muni zrI hajArImala smRti prakAzana, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.) (2) prAcya vidyApITha dupAr3A ror3a, zAjApura (ma. pra.) * artha sahayogI : udAramanA zrImAn sureza kumAra nikhila kumAra baida - cainnaI * prApti sthAna : 1. sarasvatI pustaka bhaNDAra, hAthI khAnA, ratanapola, ahamadAbAda -1 2. bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana kacaur3I galI cauka, vArANasI - 1 3. pArzvanAtha vidyApITha karaudI, po. bI. eca. yU., vArANasI - 5 4. Dr. Peter Flugel 16, Elsinore Garden, LONDON, NW 2-1 SS, ENGLAND P.No. 0044 207898 4020 mudraNa : mUlya : 200/

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Registration No.R.-JVBI/PhD/J-157/2002-03 ja Bharatis ti Institute ity), Ladnun med University), las (Deemed un Vain Vishit mA Doctor of Philosophy This is to cortify that Sudhui. Idit Prab.la Isha'... 8/3 of Bhri/Smi_ Bal Chand Lain has been admitted to the Doctor of Philosophy in Scirology and Bembasahine Religioz. 8 Philosophy ofthis Onstitute on......28.02.2005....-----... pramANita kiyA jAtA hai ki sAdhvI udita mAmA "umA' putra/putrI zrI/zrImati ------ bAla canda jaina-------------------ko isa saMsthAna dvArA jaina vidyA evaM tulanAtmaka dharmattathAdarzana viSaya meM vivAha 28.02.2005 ko DaoNkTara oNna philaoNtati kI upAdhi pradAna kI jAtI hai| pamANe jaM. sAdhvI udita nAmA 'uSA------- sirI/sirImaI ------------bAla canda jaina---------------- ssa puttassa/puttIe imeNaM saMThANeNaM jaina vidyA evaM tulanAtmaka dharma tathA darzana visaammi divase..28.02.2005... DaoNkTara oNva filaoNsafi tti uvAhI pdijji| Title of the thesis: jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Sushamati Ragnanther Ladnun (Rojosmon) Bated_19-25022005 Vice-Chancellor

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| AzIrvacana..... jijJAsu, zodhArthI sAdhvI DaoN. udita prabhA 'uSA' dvArA praNIta 'jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama" utkRSTa zodhagrantha hai / isameM dhyAna kI vyAkhyA aura mUlyAMkana tArkika DhaMga se kiyA hai| yaha grantha Alocya kSetra kA mIla staMbha siddha hogA aisA vizvAsa hai| maiM kAmanA karatA hU~ ki sAdhvI jI bhaviSya meM bhI zodha-sAdhanA ko jArI rakhate hue naye kSitija udghATita kreNge| ____ - muni zrI vinayakumAra 'bhIma' maisura

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hArdika AzIrvacana....... jJAna cakSu jaba khulate haiN| sad sAhitya ke puSpa khilate hai // dhyAna kA kA jaina darzana meM vizeSa mahattva hai, yaha hameM bAhya saMsAra ke UhApoha se dUra zAMta mana se jor3atA hai| taba aisA pratIta hotA hai vikAra samApta ho gae hai aura eka nayI UrjA hamAre spandanoM meM Akara basa jAtI hai| ___ dhyAna jIvana kI aisI utkRSTa sAdhanA hai, jisake dvArA sAdhaka lokottara Aloka se AplAvita ho jAtA hai| merI antevAsinI ziSyA DaoN. udita prabhA 'uSA' ko lekhana, manana aura zodha meM viziSTa abhirUci rahI hai| unakI lekhanI se nisRtaH lagabhaga ATha racanAyeM preraNAdIpa banakara jijJAsu dharmonmukha zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM kA patha prazasta kara rahI hai / unake anavarata kaI varSoM ke zodha kA pratiphala hai-"jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krm|" - isa zodha grantha para unheM lADanUM saMsthAna dvArA vidyA vAcaspati kI upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyaa| yaha gaurava kA viSaya hai| prastuta zodhagrantha ke nau adhyAyoM meM bhAratIya saMskRti aura vAGmaya meM dhyAna sAdhanA kA vistRta varNana hai / zodhArthI sAdhvI jI ne jainAgamoM evaM paravartI AcAryoM dvArA praNIta granthoM kA gahana adhyayana kiyA hai| sudhI pAThaka isa grantha ke mAdhyama se dvandva se mukta hokara ekAgracita hokara apanA kalyANa kara sakate hai | isase unakI saMkalpa zakti kA vikAsa hogA evaM vijAtIya tattva palAyana kreNge| maiM sAdhvI DaoN. udita prabhA 'uSA' ko isa grantha praNayana ke lie sAdhuvAda dete hue zodha prakriyA ko jArI rakhane kA AhvAna bhI karatI huuN| - AryA umarAva kuMvara "arcanA" byAvara

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samarpaNa. parama zraddheyA mahAyogezvarI guruvaryA zrI umarAvaku~vara jI ma. sA. 'arcanA' AdhyAtmapatha kI parama sAdhikA hai, yoga kI zabdAvalI meM kahA jA sakatA hai gaMgA-yamunA ke pAra zunya ghATa para jAnA hai, divya jharane kA amRta pAnA hai, unake jIvana kA lakSya hai| maiMne sirpha dhyAna sAdhanA ke viSaya meM jo likhA hai unhoMne anubhUta kiyA hai| zrI caraNa sAdhanA kamala para maNDarAte jJAna-bhramara, darzana sI mahaka aura cAritra kI AbhA ne mere santapta mana ko badalI kA ahasAsa karAyA, jinhoMne mere jIvana kI dazA aura dizA badalI unhIM guruvaryA zrI ke kara-kamaloM meM sAdara, savinaya, sabhakti sarvAtmanA samarpita yaha laghu prayAsa " tvadIyaM vastu yogIndra ! tubhyameva samarpaye!! vinita : * AryA DaoN. udita prabhA 'uSA' For Private Personal Use Only www.jainaprary.org

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/ zrutajJAna pracAra prasAra ke sazakta sAthI udAracettA zrImAn bAlacanda jI baida - sau. rUkamAdevI baida, cainnaI mAnava jIvana kI sArthakatA AdhyAtmonmukha patha para caraNa bar3hAne meM hai| jo bhAgya ke bharose baiThakara samaya kA sadupayoga nahIM karate unakA jIvana pAnI ke bulabule ke sahaza kava samApta ho jAtA hai patA hI nahIM calatA hai| kucha loga vicAroM kI jAla meM itanA adhika ulajha jAte haiM ki nirNaya hInatA ke zikAra ho * jAte hai| dUsarI ora aise bhI prANI hai jo samaya kA sadupayoga karate hue svastha cintana kI dizA meM bar3hate hai ve samaya ke saragama para tapa tyAga aura zubha bhAvoM ke gIta cher3ate hai| ve hI kismata ke kArIgara kahalAte hai| aise hI kismata ke kArIgara the vIra vasuMdharA rAjasthAna ke nAgaura jile meM base hue 'Deha' grAma nivAsI dharmaniSTha zraddhAvAna suzrAvaka 'zrImAn bAlacanda jI baida saubhAgyavatI rUkamAdevI baida' Apa cainnaI mahAnagarI meM phAinensa kA vyApAra karate the| apanI vyavahAra kuzalatA, buddhi cAturya ke balabUte para apane vyavasAya ko vistRta banAyA / Apake roma-roma meM zraddhA kA nirjhara pravAhita thA / AsthAvAna zrImAn bAlacanda jI tathA dharmapravRtti meM sadaiva agrasara sau. rUkamAdevI donoM kI jor3I sacamuca hI vilakSaNa thii| ApakI dhArmika kAryoM meM lagana, rUci prazaMsanIya thii| Apa zrI sampanna hote hue bhI Apa meM sahajatA, vyavahAra meM madhuratA, vacanoM meM saralatA tathA sAdhu-sAdhvI jI kI sevA meM udAratA evaM AsthA dRSTigocara hotI thii| suzrAvikA svAdhyAya premI, samAjasevI sau. rUkamAdevI sAhUkAra peTha mahilA maNDala kI mahAmaMtrI hai| nirantara tapa, sAdhanA meM Atmatattva ko zuddha karate hue sAMsArika jIvana meM bhI ArAdhanA kI rUr3hiyoM para kadama dara kadama Age bar3ha rahI hai| ApakI jIvana bagiyA meM cha: puSpa aMkurita hue| zrI sureza kumAra, sau. vimalAjI, sau. saMgItA, sau. santoSa, sau. rAjakumArI evaM uSA kumaarii| apanI santAnoM ko Apane saMskAra vaibhava pracura mAtrA meM diye| Apake saMskAra siMcana kA hI yaha upahAra hai ki ApakI suputrI 'uSA' ke manobhUmi meM vairAgya bIja aMkurita huaa| vaha vairAgya kA bIja 25 janavarI 1981 meM bahuzruta paMDitaratna yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma. sA. 'madhukara' ke pAvana mukhAraviMda se dIkSA maMtra zravaNakara saMyama ke tarU ke rUpa meM parivartita huA aura uSA sAdhvI uditaprabhA ke zramaNaveza meM

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mahAyogezvarI zraddhayA pU. umarAva kuMvara jI ma. sA. 'arcanA' kI nezrAya meM jIvana sAphalyatA kI anubhUti karate hue nitya nayA sRjana kara rahI hai| samaya ko mUlyavAna motI banA rahI hai| zAsana kI sevA meM ratna arpita karake dharma dalAlI kA mahattvapUrNa kArya yApana kiyA hai| Apake suputra sureza kumAra jI baida ne bhI vyApArika kSetra meM apanI kAryazailI va yogyatA ke kAraNa viziSTa pahacAna banAyI hai| Apane kaI kalyANakArI yojanAoM meM apanA Arthika sahayoga dekara mUrtarUpa pradAna kiyA hai| Apane apanI udAratA kA paricaya dete hue apanI mAtuzrI rUkamAbAI sA kI preraNA se mahAsatI DaoN. udita prabhA jI ma.sA. 'uSA' ke zodha 'jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama' ko prakAzita karavAne meM apanA Arthika sahayoga pradAna karake apanI AtmIyatA udAratA, sAhitya rUcitA evaM zikSA sevA kA Adarza prasthApita kiyA hai etadartha sAdhuvAda / parivAra paricaya dharmapatnI - zrImatI rUkamAbAI baida putra, putra-vadhU - sureza kumAra jI - lIlAjI pAMca putriyA~ - zrImatI vimalA jI koThArI, zrImatI saMgItA jI lor3hA zrImatI santoSa jI bAghamAra, zrImatI rAjakumArI caurar3iyA pautra - nikhila kumAra do pautrI - nikkhitA evaM namratA / 'bAlacanda rI zubhra jyotsnaa| AsthAmaya jIvana udAra mnaa| arcanA loka udita huI uussaa| dhyAna razmiyoM se nava jaya bnaa| sRSTi ne kiyA divya shrRNgaar| AtmasAta kare kRti ke vicAra / dhyAnastha sAdhaka namana zat zat vaar|'

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zratajJAna pracAra-prasAra ke sazakta sAthI :) parasparograho jIvAnam sau. zrImatI rukamAbAI sA baida sva. zrImAn bAlacanda jI baida

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prAkkathana -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna aura yoga kI paramparA kA astitva prAkaitihAsika kAla se hI upalabdha hotA hai / mohanajodar3o aura har3appA se upalabdha sIloM meM dhyAnastha yogiyoM ke aMkana isa bAta ke pramANa haiM ki bhArata meM dhyAna evaM yoga kI jar3eM atigahana hai| yaha eka nirvivAda tattva hai ki aupaniSadika paramparA aura sahavRrtI zramaNa paramparAoM meM dhyAna sAdhanA unakI dainika-caryA kA Avazyaka aMga hotI thii| mahAvIra aura buddha ke pUrva bhI dhyAna sAdhanA kI aneka vidhiyA~ pracalita thii| isa prakAra dhyAna-sAdhanA paddhati bhAratIya sAdhanA-paddhati kA pramukha aMga rahI hai| jaisA ki hamane prArambha meM ullekha kiyA / mohanajodar3o aura har3appA ke kAla se lekara vartamAna yuga taka dhyAna sAdhanA ke purAtAtvika aura sAhityika ullekha prApta hote haiM / yadyapi dhyAna sAdhanA kI vividha vidhiyoM ko lekara Aja taka bahuta likhA gayA hai aura likhA jA rahA hai tathA vartamAna tanAva ke yuga meM dhyAna sAdhanA kI aneka paddhatiyA~ vibhinna dharmoM kI zAkhAoM aura prazAkhAoM meM Aja bhI prAyogika rUpa se pracalita hai aura unake sambandha meM aneka granthoM kA prakAzana bhI huA hai| kintu prAka-aitihAsika kAla se lekara Aja taka dhyAnoM kI kaunakauna sI viziSTa paramparAe~ rahI hai aura dhyAna sAdhanA ke kSetra meM unakI apanI maulikatA kyA hai? isa para koI bhI zodha kArya nahIM huA hai| isI dRSTi ko lekara sAdhvI zrI uditaprabhAjI ne "jaina dharma meM dhyAna kI paramparA, mahAvIra se lekara mahAprajJa taka" isa viSaya para apanA zodha prabandha mere nirdezana meM likhA hai, jo jaina dharma meM dhyAna kI paramparA ke itihAsa ko jAnane kA eka mahattvapUrNa sAdhana mAnA jA sakatA hai| Aja jo dhyAna kI vividha paramparAeM pracalita haiM, unako mUlata: do bhAgoM meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai-(1) pAtaMjala yogasUtra para AdhArita dhyAna aura yoga kI paramparAe~ aura (2) rAmaputra kI zramaNa-dhArA se vikasita dhyAna aura yoga kI prmpraaeN| phira bhI pAtaMjala yogasUtra aura rAmaputra kI vipazyanA kI dhyAna paddhati kA mUla lakSya to mana kI bhAga-daur3a yA vikalpAtmaka pravRttiyoM ko samApta karanA hI rahA hai| cAhe yogaH cittavRtti nirodhaH kI paribhASA ko le yA citta samAdhi yA mana

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ko amana banAne kI bAta ko le, dhyAna sAdhanA ke mUla lakSya meM koI antara nahIM aataa| yadi kahI antara hai to vaha una paddhatiyoM meM hai, jinake AdhAra para cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha yA mana ko amana banAne kI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| yaha satya hai ki Aja hama saba tanAva meM jI rahe haiM, kintu sabhI kA lakSya tanAva se mukti pAnA hai| isa prakAra yadi hama dekhe to Aja vizva kI sabhI sAdhanA-paddhatiyoM kA mukhya lakSya tanAva kA nirAkaraNa hai| isa taraha dhyAna aura sAdhanA kI cAhe aneka paddhatiyA~ pracalana meM ho, kintu una sabakA lakSya to eka hI hai| cAhe lakSya cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha ho yA nirvikalpasamAdhi ho athavA jaina darzana kI bhASA meM yoga se Ayoga kI yAtrA ho, mUla bAta kevala itanI hI hai ki mana kI bhAga-daur3a kama ho evaM AkAMkSAoM aura icchAoM kA stara nimnatama bindU taka Aye / prAcInakAla se lekara Aja taka dhyAna kI samagra sAdhanAoM kA lakSya mana ko amana banAnA hI rahA hai| jaina paramparA meM AcArya hemacandra ne mana ke cAra stara- (1) vikSipta mana, (2) yAtAyata mana, (3) ziliSa mana aura (4) sulIna mana batAye hai aura dhyAna sAdhanA kA lakSya sulIna mana hI mAnA gayA hai| sulIna mana vaha hai jahA~ manovRttiyoM kA laya ho jAtA hai, icchA, AkAMkSA aura vAsanA kA vilaya ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra bauddhadarzana meM mana ke sthAna para citta ke cAra sthAna batAye gaye haiM- (1) kAmAvacara, (2) rUpAvacara, (3) arUpAvacara, (4) lokottara / inameM lokottara citta rAga, dveSa aura moha se rahita vikalpazUnya avasthA hai| lokottaracitta kA vikAsa tabhI hotA hai, jaba vAsanAe~ vilIna ho jAtI hai| isI krama meM yogadarzana meM citta kI pA~ca bhUmiyA~ yA stara batAye gaye haiM- (1) kSipta, (2) mUr3ha, (3) vikSipta, (4) ekAgra aura (5) niruddha / ina pA~coM bhUmiyoM meM antima bhUmi to nirUddhacittabhUmi hI hai| nirUddhacittabhUmi vaha hai jahA~ sabhI vRttiyA~ laya ho jAtI hai| citta vikalpa zUnya bana jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate hai ki dhyAnamArga kI ina vibhinna sAdhanA paddhatiyoM ke mUla lakSya meM kahIM koI mahattvapUrNa antara nahIM hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki jisa prakAra yogadarzana meM ekAgra citta aura nirUddhacitta meM antara kiyA gayA hai, usI prakAra jaina paramparA meM dhyAna aura vyutsarga meM antara kiyA gayA hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra dhyAna cittavRtti kI ekAgratA kA nAma hai aura vyutsarga citta vRttiyoM ke vilaya kI avasthA hai| jise hama nirvikalpa samAdhi ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kara sakate hai| vikalpoM aura vAsanAoM kA janma citta yA mana meM hotA hai aura ve vikalpa

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aura vAsanAeM hI hameM tanAvayukta banAte hai| tanAvoM ke kAraNa citta kI vRtti asaMtulita ho jAtI hai aura asaMtulita cittavRtti kA prabhAva hamAre bAhya vyavahAroM para bhI par3atA hai aura vaha hamAre bAhya vyavahAroM ko bhI asaMtulita banA detI hai| bAhya vyavahAroM ke asaMtulana se parivAra, aura samAja kI zAMti bhaMga hotI hai aura yaha asaMtulana kramazaH vikasita hotA huA rASTrIya aura antarrASTrIya zAMti ko bhI bhaMga kara detA hai| vastutaH dhyAna isa vaiyaktika, sAmAjika aura vaizvika asaMtulana ko samApta karane kI hI eka prakriyA hai| dhyAna kA mahattva na kevala AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke lie hai, apitu vaha vaiyaktika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya aura antarrASTrIya asaMtulana ko samApta karane kA bhI eka mahattvapUrNa sAdhana hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaiyaktika jIvana meM jaise-jaise tanAva kI vRddhi ho rahI hai, sAmAjika asaMtulana meM bhI vRddhi ho rahI hai| pariNAmataH logoM meM dhyAna kI rUci kA bhI vikAsa ho rahA hai / Aja vizva meM dhyAna kI vividha paddhatiyoM ke prati jo AkarSaNa bar3A hai, usakA mUlabhUta kAraNa vaiyaktika jIvana aura sAmAjika jIvana meM asaMtulana kI vRddhi hI to hai| ataH dhyAna sAdhanA eka aparihAryatA banatI jA rahI hai| __cAhe dhyAna kA lakSya cittasamAdhi yA nivikalpatA ho kintu jaba vyakti usa citta samAdhi yA nivikalpatA ke lie vibhinna paddhatiyoM ko dekhatA hai to svAbhAvika rUpa se usake mana meM yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki vaha kise cuneN| dhyAna kI sAdhyAtmaka ekarUpatA ke bAvajUda jo sAdhanAtmaka vaividhya rahe haiM, ve hamAre cunAvoM ko vikalpayukta banAte hai, kintu ina vidhi vikalpoM meM se hama kisako cune yaha nirNaya karane se pUrva hameM ye jAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai, ki dhyAna sAdhanA kI kaunasI paddhati kisa yuga meM vikasita huii| kyoMki sAdhyAtmaka ekarUpatA ke bAvajUda jo sAdhanAtmaka vaividhya AtA hai, vaha deza kAlagata paristhitiyoM para AdhArita hotA hai| sAtha hI usa yuga meM dhyAna sAdhanA kI jo vividha paddhatiyA~ pracalita hotI hai vaha bhI eka dUsare ko prabhAvita karatI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina paramparA meM bhI dhyAna sAdhanA kI vidhiyoM ko lekara kAlakrama meM eka parivartana dekhA jAtA hai| sAdhvI zrI uditaprabhAjI ne mere sAnidhya meM zodha kArya karate hue jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM kAlakrama meM kyA-kyA parivartana Ae hai aura kina-kina kAraNoM se Ae hai, isakA vizleSaNa vistAra se kiyA hai aura yahI unake isa zodha prabandhana kI vizeSatA kahI jA sakatI hai| hama dekhate hai ki jaina dhyAna sAdhanA paddhati, bauddha dhyAna sAdhanA paddhati aura

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yoga sUtra kI dhyAna sAdhanA paddhati meM bAhyataH vibheda hote hue bhI jo kucha eka rUpatA pratIta hotI hai usakA mUlabhUta kAraNa yaha hai ki ina tInoM kA mUla eka hI rahA hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se adhyayana karane para yaha spaSTa rUpa se jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIra kI aura boddhoM kI dhyAna sAdhanA paddhati unake pUrvavartI AcArya rAmaputra kI sAdhanA paddhati se prabhAvita rahI hai| kyoMki hama dekhate haiM ki tripiTaka sAhitya meM buddha ne jina AcAryoM se dhyAna sIkhA thA, unameM eka pramukha nAma AcArya rAmaputra kA bhI hai| tripiTaka sAhitya meM isa sambandha meM spaSTa ullekha bhI hai / jaina paramparA meM bhI sUtrakRtAMga meM, prAcIna aMtakRtdazA kI viSayavastu meM aura RSibhASita meM rAmaputra ke ullekha upalabdha hai| isa prakAra jaina aura bauddha dhyAna paddhatiyoM kA mUla vastutaH rAmaputra kI dhyAna sAdhanA paddhati rahI huI hai, aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki donoM meM zabdagata aura paddhatigata aneka samarUpatAeM prApta hotI haiN| maharSi paMtajali ko bhI rAmaputra kA samakAlIna hI mAnA jA sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki aneka prasaMgoM meM jaina dhyAna paddhati aura pAtaMjali yoga sUtra praNIta dhyAna paddhati meM bhI kucha aMzoM meM sAmya najara AtA hai| punaH yaha bhI suspaSTa hai ki kAlAMtara meM jaina dhyAna paddhati para hindU paramparA meM vikasita vibhinna dhyAna paddhatiyoM kA prabhAva AyA hai| AThavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya haribhadra ne yogasUtra praNIta dhyAnapaddhati aura yogapaddhati ke AdhAra para jaina-yoga kI dhyAna paddhati kA vikAsa kiyaa| usake pazcAt punaH dasavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya zubhacandra ne tAMtrika dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kA anukaraNa kara ke pArthivI, vAyavI, AgneyI, vArUNI Adi dhAraNAoM kI carcA kii| AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra meM zubhacandra kA anusaraNa kiyaa| isa prakAra jaina dhyAna vidhi aitihAsika vikAsa krama meM mahAvIra se lekara AcArya hemacandra taka anya dhyAna paramparAoM kA prabhAva bhI dekhA jAtA hai| AcArya mahAprajJa jI ne bhI bauddha vipazyanA, pataMjala ke yogasUtra evaM tAMtrika dhyAna sAdhanA ko samanvita kara prekSA dhyAna ko punarjIvita kiyA hai| sAdhvI uditaprabhAjI ne . apane zodha prabaMdha-"jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama" meM isakI carcA kI hai| vartamAna yuga meM mAnava samAja kI sabase pramukha samasyA usakA tanAva yukta jIvana aura tanAva mukti ke sAdhanoM meM eka pramukha sAdhana dhyAna bhI hai| jaina dharmoM meM mahAvIra se lekara mahAprajJa taka dhyAna kI jo dhArA pravAhita hotI rahI hai usameM aneka jaina AcAryoM kA avadAna rahA hai| prastuta zodha prabaMdha ke vibhinna adhyAyoM meM unake isa avadAna ko rekhAMkita kiyA gayA hai| jaina AcAryoM kI yaha vizeSatA

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rahI hai ki ve dezakAla gata paristhitiyoM ke anusAra apanI sahavartI paramparAoM kA sahayoga lekara apane dhyAna sAdhanA kI vidhi ko vikasita parimArjita aura pariSkArita karate rahe hai / sAdhvI uditaprabhAjI ne apane isa zodha prabandha meM una saba jaina AcAryoM ke avadAna ko rekhAMkita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / sAdhanA kI koI bhI paramparA ho vaha na to zUnya se hI TapakatI hai aura na vaha apanI sahavartI paramparAoM se pUrNataH aprabhAvita rahatI hai| jaina dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kA kAla - krama meM jo vikAsa huA hai, vaha apane sahavartI anya paramparAoM se aprabhAvita nahIM rahA hai| prastuta zodha prabaMdha meM ina saba tathyoM kA prastutIkaraNa prAmANikatA pUrvaka huA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki prastuta kRti ko hama " jaina dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kA itihAsa" bhI kaha sakate hai / sAdhvI uditaprabhAjI isa hetu dhanyavAda kI pAtra hai / hamArI yahI upekSA hai ki ve bhaviSya meM isI taraha se prayatna aura purUSArtha karate hue bhAratI ke bhaNDAra ko samRddha karatI rahe ! isa grantha ke prakAzana kI isa velA meM manapramudita hai, kyoMki yaha unake zrama kI sArthakatA kA avasara hai| jana-jana isase lAbhAnvita ho yahI upekSA hai| nidezaka prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura (ma. pra. )

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Page #21
svakathya prastuta zodhagrantha mAnava jIvana ke usa mahattvapUrNa pakSa kA saMsparza karatA hai jo mAMsala yA bhautika jIvana se sarvathA pRthak antarjIvana se sambaddha hai| bahirjIvana to sthUla hai, bhautika yA paudgalika hai| isalie vaha sabhI dvArA carama cakSuoM se dekhA jA sakatA hai, kintu Abhyantarika jIvana ke nirIkSaNa-parIkSaNa ke lie prajJAtmaka cakSuoM kI AvazyakatA hai| ina cakSuoM ke khule binA jIvana ke antaratama meM dRSTi jA nahIM sktii| bhAratIya saMskRti kI yahI vizeSatA hai ki isameM kevala bahirdarzana ko sthAna nahIM hai, antardarzana kI usameM mahattA hai| isalie vahA~ aihika ke sAtha-sAtha pAralaukika jIvana bhI apanA mahattva rakhatA hai, jo kevala bhautika jIvana meM atyanta Asakta rahatA huA pAralaukika yA AdhyAtmika jIvana se asaMspRSTa rahatA hai vaha adhUrA hai, apUrNa hai| bhAratIya saMskRti meM bhI jaina saMskRti kA cintana aura gaharAI meM gyaa| "ahiMsA vinnANaM' jaisI Agamika uktiyA~ isake pramANa haiN| unhoMne kevala bhautika vijJAna ko hI vijJAna nahIM mAnA ahiMsA jaise AdhyAtmika viSayoM ke gahana cintana-manana aura anuzIlana ko bhI vijJAna kI saMjJA dii| kyoMki yaha AdhyAtmika vijJAna jIvana ko usa zreyaskara patha ke sAtha jor3a detA hai jo use usakI antima maMjila taka pahu~cA . sakatA hai| ise sAdhane ke lie bhAratIya manISiyoM ne vizeSata: jaina manISiyoM ne eka sAdhanA kA mArga diyA jisa para calatA haA vyakti apane aihika jIvana ko sammArjita karatA haA AdhyAtmika lakSya ko sAdha sake / yoga usa sAdhanA kA hI eka rUpa hai jo vividha paramparAoM meM vividha rUpoM meM vikasita huii| jaina dharma meM vrata, guNasthAna, tapazcaraNa, pratimA-vahana ityAdi ke rUpa meM usakA vikAsa huaa| vahIM samanvayavAdI AcAryoM dvArA jaina yoga ke rUpa meM saMpratiSThita huaa| unake anusAra yoga vaha mAdhyama hai, jo yogoM kA mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika, pravRttiyoM kA pariSkAra, parimArjana aura antata: parizodhana kara sAdhaka ko parama nirmala zuddha paramAtma svarUpa taka pahu~cA de| jahA~ mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika pravRttiyoM kA koI astitva hI na rhe| usI ko mukti, mokSa yA parinirvANa zabdoM dvArA abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| vaha parama AnandamayI avasthA hai jisake samakSa sabhI bhautika sukha nagaNya ho jAte haiN| dhyAna usa ArAdhanA kA mukhya sAdhana yA mAdhyama hai jisakA srota sarvajJa prarUpita Agama vAGmaya se lekara

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aba taka avicchinna rUpa meM calA A rahA hai| usI ke aitihAsika vikAsa krama kA svarUpa, itivRtta prastuta zodha grantha meM upasthApita kiyA gayA hai / 'prayojanamanuddizya mando'pi na prvrtte'| yaha prAcIna ukti hai jisakA bhAva yaha hai ki prayojana ke binA manda yA ajJAnI vyakti bhI kisI kArya meM pravRtta nahIM hotA / ataH sahasA yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki vijJAna ke vartamAna yuga meM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA yA yoga jaise viSaya kI kyA upayogitA hai? mAnava ko to Aja atyadhika sAdhana cAhie jisase vaha sukhapUrvaka jI ske| usake lie use dhArmika evaM AdhyAtmika viSayoM se kyA upalabdha hogA ? isa prazna kA samAdhAna pAne ke lie hameM gaharAI meM jAnA hogaa| Aja vijJAna ne mAnava ko vipula mAtrA meM bhautika sAdhana prApta karA diye haiM / jo kArya dinoM aura mahinoM meM hote the ve vaijJAnika upakaraNoM dvArA kSaNoM meM ho jAte haiM / sukha-suvidhAoM ke aneka sAdhana Aja vijJAna ne juTA diye haiN| sabako ve prApta nahIM haiM, yaha to sAmAjika avyavasthA kA pariNAma hai| kintu Aja bhautika dRSTi se kahIM kucha bhI kamI nahIM hai| yaha saba hote hue bhI Aja kA mAnava adhikAdhika tanAvagrasta hai / aba se pUrva jaba bhautika sAdhana alpa mAtrA meM the taba ke mAnava aura Aja ke mAnava kI tulanA kI jAya to spaSTa rUpa meM siddha hogA ki vijJAna dvArA pradatta bhautika sAdhana ke bAvajUda Aja kA mAnava atyanta duHkhita aura udvigna hai / bar3I-bar3I aTTAlikAoM meM pracuratama sAdhanoM ke madhya rahatA huA bhI na vaha sukha se so pA rahA hai, na vaha nizcintatA pUrvaka raha hI rahA hai| bahuta kucha pA lene para usakI tRSNA Age se Age bar3hatI jA rahI hai| isI pIr3A aura vedanA ke sAtha vaha saba kucha chor3akara calA jAtA hai| - I dUsarI ora eka aura dRzya hai jahA~ hiMsA, upadrava, AtaMka, vaira bhAva kA nagna nRtya dikhalAI de rahA hai| naitika mUlya samApta hote jA rahe haiM / pArasparika sauhArda, AtmIyatA miTatI jA rahI hai| hiMsA kI dAnavIya zakti dvArA mAnava saba kucha prApta kara lenA cAhatA hai / Aja ke vaijJAnika yuga kI yaha kitanI bar3I viDambanA hai / mAnava meM itanA chala aura kapaTa vyApta ho gayA hai ki vaha maitrI kI bAta karatA hai kintu usake bhItara dveSa kI Aga sulagatI rahatI hai| yaha kevala sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM taka hI sImita nahIM hai, bar3e-bar3e rASTrAdhyakSa taka isa vikAra se grasta haiM / vijJAna isa vikarAla bhISaNa samasyA kA koI samAdhAna na de sakA hai, na de pAyegA / isakA samAdhAna dharma aura adhyAtma se hI prApta ho sakatA hai / Aja isakA sthAna gauNa hotA jA rahA hai| isalie ye vikAra bar3ha rahe haiN| hiMsA dvArA samasyA ko na

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sulajhA pA sakane ke kAraNa Aja yadyapi mAnava ahiMsA kI ora dekhane to lagA hai kintu abhI ahiMsA meM usakI niSThA niSpanna nahIM ho sakI hai| aise samaya meM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke ananya sAdhana dhyAnayoga kA apanA mahattva hai| dhyAna dvArA vyakti Atmakendrita hotA hai jisase vaha vikArajanita dUSita aura pApamaya vAtAvaraNa se dUra hotA hai| hiMsA, vaira-virodha - vaimanasya se haTakara usakI niSThA ahiMsA, vizvamaitrI aura samatva bhAva samAzrita hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja bhAratavarSa meM tathA anyatra dhyAnayoga ke aneka prayoga cala rahe haiM / vikAragrasta jagat vizAla hai / usakI tulanA meM ye prayatna kAphI choTe haiM kintu jisa prakAra eka choTI cinagArI virAT agnijvAlA kA rUpa le letI hai, usI prakAra hama kyoM na AzA kareM ki jyoM-jyoM adhyAtma, darzana, dhyAna sAdhanA Adi Age bar3hate jAyeMge nayI mAnasikatA kA abhyudaya hogaa| eka dina mAnavatA ko isI kA Azraya lenA hogA, anyathA usake astitva ko bacA lenA bahuta kaThina hai / yaha harSa kA viSaya hai ki adhyAtma bhAva ke paripoSaka dhyAnayoga para adhyayanamanana, anusaMdhAna ke anekAneka prayoga cala rahe haiM / yadi prayogoM ke sAtha vizuddha tattvadarzana jur3A rahe to ve atyanta sazakta aura zAzvata bana sakate haiM / isI kAraNa yaha sarvathA vAMchanIya hai ki dhyAnayoga para adhika-se-adhika gaveSaNA ho / kyoMki vaha jIvana kA eka aisA aMga hai, jisako apanAne se mAnava vikAramukta hokara sahaja hI AdhyAtmika aura naitika unnati ke patha para agrasara ho sakatA hai| jaina evaM jainetara siddhAntoM aura vidhikramoM kA vivecana karate hue dhyAnayoga kI aitihAsika vikAsa paramparA para mere dvArA prastuta yaha zodha grantha aisA hI upakrama hai jo mere lie to Atmazreyas kA hetu hai hI mujhe AzA hai, adhyetAoM aura pAThakoM ke lie bhI yaha AdhyAtmika sanmArga kA pradarzaka banegA / kriyoddhAra se pUrva jJAnoddhAra Avazyaka hotA hai, jaba vyakti ke mana meM agrAhya kA tyAga aura grAhya ke svIkAra kA bhAva jAgRta ho jAtA hai taba vaha usI patha ko svIkAra karatA hai, jo zAntimaya ho / vyakti-vyakti se samAja aura rASTra kA nirmANa hotA hai| ataeva vyakti kA jIvana yadi vikAra-rahita ho jAya to vaha nirvikAratA kA srota rASTravyApI yA lokavyApI bhI bana sakatA hai| zrama pravrajyA ke pazcAt mere jIvana ne nayA mor3a liyaa| maiM eka aise saMsAra yA parivAra meM A gayI jahA~ bhautika abhIpsAoM kA sthAna Atma jAgaraNa kI preraNAoM liyA / merA vizeSa saubhAgya yaha rahA ki guruvaryA mahAsatI jI zrI umarAvaku~vara jI 'arcanA' jaisI parama ucca koTi kI jJAna-darzana- cAritra-saMvAhikA, sAdhvIratna ma.sA.

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kA anavarata sAnnidhya prApta huA, jo mere dIkSA - kAla se lekara aba taka mujhe prApta hai, unhIM ke zrIcaraNoM meM baiThakara maiMne vidyAdhyayana tathA zAstrAnuzIlana kiyaa| unake dhyAnayoga niSNAta jIvana ko dekhate hue maiM antaH prerita hotI rahI ki isa sambandha meM maiM adhikAdhika jJAna prApta karU~, apanA adhyayana bar3hAU~, phira use apanI jIvana sAdhanA meM kriyAnviti pradAna karU~ / yathAruci, yathAzakti, yathAvasara maiM apanA adhyayana bar3hAtI rahI aura jaina siddhAntoM ke sAtha-sAtha jaina yoga, dhyAna sambandhI granthoM ko bhI par3hatI rhii| tabhI se mere mana meM bhAva thA ki jaba kabhI anukUlatA hogI, maiM dhyAna yoga para sUkSma zodhapUrNa kArya karU~ guruvaryA kA priya viSaya hai| mere adhyayana kA krama to calatA hI rahA, parIkSAoM meM merI vizeSa ruci nahIM thI kintu vyavasthita adhyayana kI dRSTi se maiMne jainolaoNjI meM 2001 meM ema.e. parIkSA uttIrNa kI, merA vaha pUrvavartI bhAva vizeSa rUpa se jAgRta huA ki yadi maiM dhyAna yoga sambandhI viSaya lekara zodha karU~ to kitanA acchA ho / jJAna bar3hane ke sAtha-sAtha vaha mere AdhyAtmika pariSkAra aura sAdhanA ke utkarSa meM sahAyaka banegA kyoMki mere dvArA parigRhIta zrAmaNya kA yahI parama lakSya hai / yaha prasannatA ka viSaya hai ki Aja jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM adhyayana aura zodha kI bahumukhI pravRttiyA~ gatizIla haiM / jaina zikSArthI aura zodhArthI to isa ora kAryazIla haiM hI, jainetara jijJAsu aura anusaMdhitsu bhI jaina darzana, tattvajJAna tathA sAdhanA kI dizA meM adhyayana evaM anusaMdhAna karane meM unase bhI adhika rucizIla evaM kriyAzIla haiM / jaina darzana kI vaijJAnika cintanadhArA ne Aja vidvajagat ko nizcaya hI AkRSTa kiyA hai aura cintaka aura manISI yaha mAnane lage haiM ki jIvana kI aneka samasyAoM aura vipannatAoM kA samAdhAna isa darzana se yathArtha rUpa meM prApta ho sakatA hai / 1 jaina dhyAna yoga ke aneka pakSoM ko lekara hamAre deza ke aneka vizvavidyAlayoM meM zodhakArya huA hai, ho rahA hai, una sabakA paryavekSaNa karate hue merI parama zraddhAspadA guruvaryA ne mujhe vizeSa rUpa se saMketa kiyA ki jaina dhyAna yoga ke vikAsa kI eka lambI aitihAsika yAtrA hai jo Agama kAla se lekara uttarottara abhivRddhi pAtI huI, adyAvadhi gatizIla hai / yadi usa para vizleSaNAtmaka, tulanAtmaka, samIkSAtmaka dRSTi anusaMdhAna kiyA jAya to yaha AtmopakAra aura paropakAra donoM dRSTiyoM se bar3A hI zreyaskara siddha ho sakatA hai| 1 pUjyA guruvaryAzrI ke isa saMdeza ko eka AtmajAgaraNa kA saMdeza evaM nirdeza hue maiMne ise saharSa zirodhArya kiyA tathA isa sambandha meM maiMne pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama mAnate

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zodhasaMsthAna, hindU vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke pUrva nidezaka, aneka granthoM ke lekhaka tathA cintaka DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina Adi se isa viSaya meM vizeSa rUpa se vicAravimarza kiyA, unheM yaha viSaya bahuta hI upayogI pratIta huA aura unhoMne mujhe isa ora gatizIla rahane hetu vizeSa prerita kiyaa| - prAta: smaraNIyA, parama pUjanIyA guruvaryA zrI evaM vidvadjanoM se abhiprerita hokara maiMne apanA kArya prArambha kiyaa| mere viSaya se sambaddha jaina, vaidika, bauddha Adi vibhinna paramparAoM ke sAhitya kA saMgraha kiyA tathA unakA sUkSmatA se adhyayana prArambha kiyaa| mujhe yaha vyakta karate hue atyanta prasannatA hotI hai ki vidvadvarya DaoN. sAgaramalajI jaina ne mujhe isa kArya meM nirdezana denA svIkAra kiyaa| unake nirdezana meM merA kArya gatizIla hotA gyaa| apane gRhIta viSaya meM mujhe naye-naye tathya milate gye| mujhe apane adhyayana aura zodha ko Age bar3hAne meM eka aura sundara suyoga prApta huaa| vidvamUrdhanya DaoN. chaganalAla jI zAstrI kA bhI yatheSTa sahayoga aura mArga-darzana prApta haa| unake gahana adhyayana evaM anubhUtiparaka cintana se mujhe bahuta bala milaa| ina donoM vidvAnoM ne jisa Adara, sadbhAvanA aura AtmIyatA ke sAtha isa zodhakArya meM sambala pradAna kiyA vaha sarvathA avismaraNIya hai| maiMne apane zodhakArya ko bhAratIya saMskRti kI triveNI-jaina, vaidika, bauddha dhArAoM ke nirmala srota se prArambha kiyaa| unameM ucchalita hotI dhyAna mUlaka urmiyoM kA saMsparza karate hue maiMne tadviSayaka sUkSma tattvoM ko khojane kA prayAsa kiyaa| jaina Agama, darzana, tatsambandhI vAGmaya, bauddha grantha, upaniSad, purANa, mahAbhArata aura anekAneka granthoM meM Aye dhyAna viSayaka vivecana ko upasthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyaa| AcArya haribhadra, zubhacandra, hemacandra, upAdhyAya yazovijaya Adi aneka jaina manISiyoM dvArA racita dhyAna yoga sambandhI granthoM kA parizIlana kara dhyAna viSayaka mahattvapUrNa sandarbho kA parizIlana kiyA tathA unheM samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se racane kA prayAsa kiyaa| Age bar3hate hue aitihAsika kAlakrama ke sAtha isa dhyAna viSayaka sAhityika racanA meM jo vizrAmasthala Aye tathA unameM jo tadviSayaka sAhityika sarjana ke rUpa meM navAbhinava unmeSa dhyAna yoga ke sAtha jur3ate gaye unakA bhI mUlyAMkana kiyA tathA vartamAna meM saMpravRtta jaina dhyAna vidhAoM kA hArda prastuta karate hue tulanAtmaka tathA samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se unakI vizeSatAoM para apane vicAra prastuta kiye| anta meM, upasaMhAra, niSkarSa evaM upalabdhi ke rUpa meM maiMne una tathyoM kI ora iMgita kiyA hai jo AdhyAtmika dRSTi se to kalyANakArI haiM hI, sAMsArika, pArivArika, sAmAjika evaM vaiyaktika jIvana meM

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bhI bahuta hI preraNAspada siddha ho skeNge| mere AdhyAtmika jIvana kI ananya unnAyikA parama sammAnanIyA guruvaryA mahAsatI zrI umarAva ku~vara jI ma.sA. 'arcanA' ke zubhAzIrvAda aura vidvadjanoM kI zubhakAmanAoM kA hI supariNAma mAnatI hU~ ki merA yaha zodhakArya saMtoSajanaka rUpa se saMpanna ho skaa| paramazraddhayA guruvaryA to mere jIvana ke sarvasva haiM, unheM maiM kyA sAdhuvAda dUM, unake prati maiM kyA kRtajJatA jJApita karU~, mujhameM jo kucha bhI hai unhIM kI dena hai| maiM unake zrIcaraNoM meM atyanta zraddhA, samarpaNa evaM vinaya bhAva se abhinata haiN| maiM apanI parama zraddheyA guruvaryA kI antevAsinI merI sabhI samAdaraNIyA bhaginIvRnda kI bhI hRdaya se AbhArI hU~ jo kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM sahayoginI rahI haiM, kyoMki koI bhI mahattvapUrNa kArya sahavartiyoM ke sAhacarya evaM sahayoga ke binA saphala nahIM ho sktaa| zodha grantha ke nirdezaka samAdaraNIya DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina kA tathA isa kArya meM sahayogI mAnanIya DaoN. chaganalAla jI zAstrI kA bhI maiM hRdaya se AbhAra mAnatI huuN| mAnanIya prophesara DaoN. cetanaprakAzajI pATanI ne zodhaprabandha kA bhASika pariSkAra kara evaM isakA prUpha saMzodhana kara merA kArya sahaja kara diyA, isake lie maiM Apake prati hArdika dhanyavAda jJApita karatI huuN| jaina-jainetara divaMgata granthakAroM, udbuddha cetA manISiyoM ko jinake dvArA racita granthoM kA adhyayana-anuzIlana kara maiMne unase prApta jJAna ke sudhA kaNoM ko baTorate hae apane adhyayana aura zodhapAdapa kA siMcana kiyA, hRdaya se unakA Adara pUrvaka smaraNa karatI hU~ tathA una divaMgata AtmAoM ke prati zraddhAbhAva vyakta karatI huuN| zrI mahAsatI zrI saradAra umarAva pustakAlaya-byAvara, phalavRddhi pArzvanAtha grantha bhaMDAra-mer3atA roDa, samyagjJAna bhaMDAra rAvaTI-jodhapura, Agama prakAzana samiti-byAvara, jinadatta maNDalaajamera, vItarAga svAdhyAya maMdira TrasTa, purAnI maMDI-ajamera, insTITyUTa oNpha iNDolaoNjIkala sTaDI evaM risarca lAibrerI-saradArazahara, prAcya vidyApITha-zAjApura Adi sabhI pustakAlayoM ke adhikAriyoM ko maiM hRdaya se sAdhuvAda detI hU~ jahA~ ke durlabhamahattvapUrNa granthoM se maiMne adhyayana meM lAbha utthaayaa| zraddhAzIla, vidyAnurAgI, dharmapremI, zrAvakapravara zrImAn surezakumArajI nikhila kumAra jI vaida-cainnaI, bhI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM jo mere isa zodha-kArya meM preraka evaM utsAhavardhaka hI nahIM rahe apitu, ise prakAzita karavAne meM udAra mana se artha sahayoga dekara zrutasevA kA anupama lAbha prApta kiyA hai| zAstra to jJAna ke agAdha mahodadhi haiM, unameM jijJAsu anusaMdhitsu, mumukSujana

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jitanI gaharAI se nimagna hote haiM, DubakiyA~ lagAte haiM ve utanA hI adhika jJAnarUpI AtmA ko prApta karate jAte haiN| unakI divya AbhA se jIvana udyotita hotA hai| hama sasIma zakti yukta prANI haiM, isalie isa jJAna rUpI sAgara kI thAha pAnA to du:zakya hai hI para jitanA kucha satata prayatna dvArA jAgarUkatA pUrvaka prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai, vaha to vyakti ke apane vaza kI bAta hai| isI pariprekSya meM merA yaha eka choTA sA prayatna hai| isa zAstrIya jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha mere jIvana kI ve anubhUtiyA~ bhI jur3I haiM jo adhyayana kAla meM spandita hotI rahI haiN| zrAmaNya jIvana kI saMvAhikA hone ke nAte maiM apane adhyayana evaM zodhamUlaka upakrama ko sAdhanA kA hI eka aMga mAnatI huuN| isake dvArA saMsphUrta utsAha merI saMyama sAdhanA meM merA sambala banegA jisase merI gati sarvadA avyAhata rhegii| ata: mere lie to yaha zreyaskara hai hI, mujhe AzA hai jo jijJAsu mumukSu bhAI bahana isakA adhyayana kareMge unheM isase dhyAna sAdhanA kI preraNA prApta hogI jo hamArI saMskRti kI eka amUlya nidhi hai| jaina dharma meM dhyAna sAdhanA kI cAhe koI bhI vidhi kyoM na ho lakSya eka hI hai ki vyakti vibhAva se svabhAva kI dizA meM pragati kare sAkSIbhAva aura sajagatA se jInA siikhe| yadi yaha kRti kucha logoM ko bhI isa dizA meM prerita kara sake to maiM apanA prayatna sArthaka maanuuNgii| * AryA DaoN. uditaprabhA 'uSA' ema.e., pI.eca.DI.

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| hArdika preraNAsprada * DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI saMsAra meM jitane bhI prakAra ke prANI haiM, unameM mAnava kA sthAna sarvottama mAnA gayA hai| mAnava mananazIla hotA hai| vaha sat-asat kA bheda karane meM sakSama hotA hai, kintu yaha taba hotA hai, jaba usakA viveka jAgRta ho| vItarAga, sarvajJa mahApuruSoM ne, mahAn jJAnijanoM ne, anubhava-niSNAta saMtoM ne mAnava ko viveka-jAgaraNa aura AtmotthAna kA jo patha batalAyA, vahI dharma ke nAma se vizruta huaa| "dhAraNAddharmamityAhuH, dharmo dhArayate prajAH' arthAt dharma yaha tattva hai, jo mAnava mAtra dvArA dhAraNa yA svIkaraNa karane yogya hai| isI kAraNa vaha dharma kahA jAtA hai| vaha jana-jana ko dhAraNa karatA hai-usake sahAre pratyeka manuSya sAttvika, zuddha jIvana jIne kA mArga prApta karatA hai| dharma ke binA jIvana zUnya hai| dharma sarvavyApaka evaM zAzvata siddhAntoM para TikA hai| ahiMsA, karuNA, maitrI, satya, zIla, zauca, samatA tathA sevA Adi se jIvana ko saMvAranA, sammArjita karanA, pariSkRta karanA vaha sikhalAtA hai / vaha zAnti se jIvana jIne kA patha darzana detA hai| jahAM dharma ke nAma para saMgharSa hue, raktapAta huA, vaha saba usake vAstavika svarUpa ko na samajhane ke kAraNa huaa| jaina dharma Atmazuddhi ke mArga para agrasara hone kA eka aisI jIvana zailI prastuta karatA hai, jisakA avalambana kara mAnava apane jIvana ko sArthaka banA sakatA hai / jaina dharma koI sampradAya nahIM hai, vaha to eka aisA sAdhanA kA mArga hai, jise svIkAra karane meM jAti, varga, varNa Adi bAhya bheda jarA bhI bAdhaka nahIM bnte| dharma ke bahiraMga aura aMtaraMga ke rUpa meM do pakSa haiM / bahiraMga vratopavAsAdi bAhya kriyAoM para Azrita hai, antaraMga AtmA kI cintana, manana, parizIlana, anuvikSaNa, prekSaNa Adi sthitiyoM ke sAtha jur3A hai, jisameM dhyAna kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai| dhyAna kA sambandha indriya niyantraNa kara cita ko ekAgratA pUrvaka kisI

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viSaya ke sAtha jor3ane se hai / vaha viSaya sat bhI ho sakatA hai, asat bhI ho sakatA hai / asat vaha hotA hai, jo kAma, krodha, aiSaNA, vAsanA, bhogecchA Adi ke sAtha jur3A huA ho / sat vaha hotA hai, jo jIva ko usake zuddha svarUpa tathA svabhAva kI dizA meM le jAtA hai| asat kI ora le jAne vAlA dhyAna sAvadya - pApayukta hai, tyAjya hai| zAstroM meM usakA ArttadhyAna evaM raudra dhyAna ke rUpa meM varNana huA hai / grAhya AtmA ko zubha kramazaH zuddha svarUpa kI dizA meM le jAne vAlA dhyAna dharma dhyAna tathA zukla dhyAna ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAta huA hai / yahI Adeya, 1 yA svIkArya hai, kyoMki isase jIva apane karma - kAluSya athavA pApa-mala kA prakSAlana karatA huA apane zuddha svarUpa ko adhigata karane kI yAtrA meM Aga bar3hatA jAtA hai / aMtata: vaha vItarAgatA kA mArga apanA letA hai aura adhyAtmayoga kI paramAvasthA athavA paramAtmAvasthA prApta kara letA hai / yoga kA sAmAnya artha jur3anA hai / vahA~ AtmA kA apane zuddha svarUpa ke sAtha jur3Ava hotA jAtA hai, taba jIva bahirAtmabhAva se mur3akara aMtarAtmabhAva kI ora agrasara hotA-hotA paramAtmabhAva ko uddiSTa kara calatA jAtA hai / vahI zuddha dhyAna adhyAtma yoga kA rUpa le letA hai / AtmA kA parama lakSya nirvANa yA mokSa hai / samagra karmoM kA kSaya hone para vaha prApta hotA hai| karmakSaya meM dhyAna kI bar3I mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| jo sAdhanA kI U~cAiyoM para pahu~ce, una AcAryoM, saMtoM tathA sAdhakoM ne dhyAna sAdhanA kA uttarottara vikAsa karane kA prayatna kiyaa| unakA eka hI lakSya thA ki dhyAna dvArA jIva apane mAlinya evaM kAluSya kA apanayana karatA huA AtmojjvalatA prApta kare / jaina AgamoM meM nirjarA Adi tattvoM ke vivecana ke antargata dhyAna kA varNana AyA hai | AgamoM ke vyAkhyAkAroM ne jahA~, jaisA apekSita huA, usakA vizleSaNa kiyA hai / eka samaya thA jaba bhAratavarSa meM sabhI dharmoM meM "yoga" ke nAma se sAdhanA kA vizeSa upakrama prasphuTita huA thA / maharSi pataMjali dvArA nirUpita aSTAMga yoga meM dhyAna kA sAtavAM sthAna hai| vaha sAdhanA kI antima maMjila samAdhi para ArohaNa karane kA ananya mAdhyama hai /

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jaina AcAryoM ne bhI svataMtra rUpa se jaina yoga para grantha likhe / unameM dhyAna kA vizeSa rUpa se vistAra pUrvaka apane maulika cintana ko jor3ate hue jo vizada rUpa meM pratipAdana kiyA, vaha atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| una mahAn lekhakoM meM svanAmadhanya AcArya zrI haribhadra sUri, AcArya zrI hemacandra, AcArya zrI zubhacandra, AcArya zrI somadeva evaM upAdhyAya zrI yazovijaya Adi ke nAma pramukha rUpa se lie jA sakate haiN| yaha likhate hue bar3I prasannatA hotI hai ki sAdhvI jI zrI DaoN. udita prabhAjI ma. sA. 'uSAjI' ne "jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama'' nAmaka apane pI. eca. DI. ke zodha-grantha meM AgamakAla se lekara aba taka dhyAna yoga kA jo vikAsa huA hai, usakA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se jo nirUpaNa kiyA hai, vaha vAstava meM unake gahana adhyayana evaM vaiduSyapUrNa zrama kA sUcaka hai| unhoMne AgamoM ke una bahuta se prasaMgoM ko khoja nikAlA hai, jahA~ dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM aise saMketa Ae haiM, jo usake uttarakAlIna vikAsa ke bIja kahe jA sakate haiN| unhoMne AcArya zrI haribhadra sUri dvArA racita yogadRSTi samuccaya, yogabindu, yogazataka tathA yogaviMzikA aura unakI anya racanAoM meM Ae hue dhyAna viSayaka prasaMga, AcArya hemacandra kRta yogazAstra, AcArya zubhacandra praNIta jJAnArNava, AcArya somadeva dvArA racita yoga mArga evaM upAdhyAya yazovijaya dvArA nirmita adhyAtmasAra, pAtaMjala yoga TIkA, inake atirikta anyAnya jaina AcAryoM tathA vidvAnoM dvArA racita dhyAna-stava, dhyAnazataka, dhyAna-dIpikA Adi granthoM kA zodhAtmaka dRSTi se parizIlana kara jaina paraMparA meM uttarottara vikAsazIla dhyAna kA jo vivecana kiyA hai, vaha vAstava meM jaina yoga ke saMdarbha meM unakA mahattvapUrNa kRtitva hai| unake isa sArasvataH upakrama meM, zodha-kArya meM mujhe bhI unheM sahayoga karane kA, mArga darzana dene kA avasara prApta huA hai, jo mere lie harSa kA viSaya hai| bhAratIya vidyA ke antargata yoga-vizeSataH jaina yoga merA atyanta priya viSaya hai, jisa para maiM lagabhaga arddha zatAbdI se adhyayanarata hU~ | sAdhvIjI ne prastuta viSaya para aharniza parizrama karate hue jo mahattvapUrNa zodha-kArya kiyA hai, vaha unake apane sAdhanA-pravaNa jIvana ke lie to zreyaskara hai hI, dhyAna-yoga ke kSetra meM gahana adhyayana evaM anusaMdhAna karane vAloM ke lie bhI vAstava meM preraNAspada hai| sAdhvIjI ko apanI guruNIvaryA

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mahAsatI jI zrI umarAva kuMvara jI ma. sA. "arcanA" jaisI parama viduSI aura yoga sAdhikA kI chatracchAyA prApta hai, yaha unakA saubhAgya hai| maiM AzA karatA hU~ ki ve apanI gurUNImaiyA ke tattvAvadhAna meM dhyAna tathA sAdhanA ke kSetra meM uttarottara vikAsa karatI jaaeN| ema. e. (traya), pI. eca. DI., kAvyatIrtha, vidyAmahodadhi pUrva prophesara - madrAsa yunivarsiTI, cainnaI tathA prAkRta risarca insTITyUTa, vaizAlI saradAra zahara - 331413

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abhisammata raNajItasiMha kUmaTa mahAsatI zrI uditaprabhA jI ma. sA. 'USA' ne "jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama" para zodha grantha likha kara sAhitya aura sAdhanA donoM kI apUrva sevA kI hai| "dhyAna" vItarAgatA prApta karane kI sAdhanA kA abhinna hI nahIM zIrSastha aMga hai / tapa ke bAraha bhedoM meM prathama chaH bAhya tapa kahalAte haiM aura bAkI ke chaH tapa Antarika tapa kahalAte haiM jinameM svAdhyAya, dhyAna va kAyotsarga zAmila haiN| AbhyAntara tapa hI sAdhanA kA mUla aMga hai aura jaba taka sAdhaka apane antara meM DubakI nahIM lagAtA, bAhya sAdhanA samudra ke kinAre para sIpa aura kaMkara ikaTThe karane ke samAna hai / yaha eka viDambanA hai ki vartamAna meM pracalita jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM dhyAna kI apekSA vrata, upavAsa Adi bAhya tapa para adhika jora hai na ki dhyAna va kAyotsarga para / sAdhaka dhyAna va kAyotsarga se AtmAnubhUti karatA hai, sva-bodha, samAdhi va prajJA prApta karatA hai aura isa prakAra jIvana kA lakSya sAdhatA hai| dhyAna jaina sAdhanA kA abhinna aMga prArambha se hI rahA hai isa bAta ko bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke kAla se siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA parantu aitihAsika pramANa juTAnA saMbhava nahIM hai| Agama kAla ke sAhitya va mUrti kalA se pramANita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki jaina sAdhanA meM dhyAna kI paramparA rahI hai aura isa para kAphI jora bhI thA / Agama sAhitya meM prathama aMga " AcArAMga sUtra" ke navama adhyAya meM varNita mahAvIra kI sAdhanA se pramANita hotA hai ki dhyAna sAdhanA hI unakI pramukha sAdhanA thI aura vaha sAdhanA kitanI hI kaSTaprada, duruha, pIDAkArI aura virodhIjana ke bIca rahI ho bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apanI samAdhi, smRti aura sahanazIlatA ko nahIM chor3A aura kAyA ko vosarA kara samAdhistha rahe / nimna uddharaNa mahAvIra ke dhyAna ko pUrNataH ujAgara karatA hai : avi jhAi se mahAvIre, AsaNatthe akukkue jhANaM uDDhaahe tiriyaM ca, pehamANe samAhipaDiNNe / AcArAMga sUtra adhyAya 9 uddezyA 4 gAthA 67 arthaH- ve mahAvIra utkRSTa AsanoM meM sthita ho avirata sthira dhyAna karate the / (zarIra meM hI) urdhva, adho, aura tiryaga dekhate hue samAdhistha aura apratijJa

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rahate the| AcArAMga kA navama adhyAya hI nahIM, samUcA AcArAMga sUtra dhyAna va apramattatA ke bAre meM hai aura bauddha dharma kI vipazyanA aura jaina dharma ke dhyAna meM sAmyatA ke bAbata uddharaNa sahita "jinavANI" va "svAdhyAya saMdeza " meM lekhaka ne prastuta kiyA hai / gahana adhyayana se spaSTa hogA ki AcArAMga meM dhyAna ke bAbata jitanA lekhana hai vaha kisI anya Agama meM nahIM hai| yaha hamArA durbhAgya hai ki isakI gaharAI meM hama jA na sake aura uttarakAla meM yoga darzana se prabhAvita ho naI dhyAna zailI kA vikAsa kiyA aura AcArAMga ke sUtroM ko bhUla gye| maiM mahAsatIjI ke lekhana se aura adhika sahamata nahIM ho sakatA jaba unhoMne yaha likhA ki 'AcArAMga jaise prAcIna stara ke AgAmoM meM AtmasajagatA yA sAkSI bhAva kI jisa dhyAna vidhi ke saMketa upalabdha hote haiM vaha dhyAna vidhi kAlakrama meM vismRta hotI gaI aura mukhya rUpa se citta kI ekAgratA ko hI AdhAra banAkara dhyAnavidhi kA vikAsa kiyA gayA / " yaha bAta tatvArthasUtra meM dI gaI dhyAna kI paribhASA va usake bheda, lakSaNa, Alambana Adi ke vivecana se spaSTa hai / Agamottara kAla meM vividha AcAryoM dvArA vikasita dhyAna paddhatiyoM para pAtaMjali ke yoga darzana va tAntrika sAdhanA vidhiyoM kA prabhAva rahatA hai / 44 "mahAvIra se mahAprajJa taka" ke sAhitya kA adhyayana, zodhana va samAlocana kara mahAsatIjI ne na kevala apanI adhyavasAyitA va kaThina parizrama kA paricaya diyA hai, apanI antardRSTi va gahana anveSaNa kA bhI paricaya diyA hai / buddha dharma va vaidika dharma kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana kara vizAla dRSTi kA bhI paricaya diyA hai| dhyAna kisI eka sampradAya kI bapautI nahIM hai| dhyAna ke dvArA koI bhI Atmopalabdhi, sajagatA, samatA, sahiSNutA, karuNA, muditA Adi guNoM kI prApti kara prajJA, samAdhi va vItarAgatA prApta kara sakatA hai| dhyAna paddhati ke vikAsa meM jaina, buddha evaM yoga darzana kA yogadAna rahA hai aura dhyAna pUrI bhAratIya saMskRti kI thAtI bana gayA hai / mahAsatIjI bhAgyazAlI haiM ki unheM AdhyAtmayoginI AryA umarAvakuMvarajI mahArAja kI nezrAya meM adhyayana va zodha karane kA avasara milA isalie unheM alaukika mArgadarzana milA aura anupama kRti samAja kI sevA meM samarpita kii| unakA anekAneka sAdhuvAda | sI - 303 DaiphoDila, hIrAnandAnI gArDana, pavaI, mumbaI - 400076, phona - 022-25706525

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44 pU. sAdhvIjI zrI uditaprabhA jI ma. sA. 'USA' ne "dhyAna" kA AdyopAMta sarvekSaNa karake, hameM dhyAna kI 2600 varSo se jyAdA samaya kI yAtrA karAI haiM / "dhyAna" ko karma - nirjarA kA eka uttama mAdhyama mAnA gayA haiM / Atma-ciMtana karatehue jaba dhyAna meM nirvikalpatA kI sthiti banatI hai, to AtmA se karma mala haTatA hai aura AtmA vizuddhAvasthA meM pahuMcatI hai| sugama AdhAra aise sazakta mAdhyama ko sAdhAraNa janatA ke lie sulabha va AsAna banAne ke lie, samaya samaya para, usa kAla ke anusAra, manISiyoM ne usakA ciMtana va vikAsa kiyA haiM / kAla ke lambe pravAha meM aise par3Ava bhI Aye, jaba yaha mAdhyama vismRta hotA gayA / avanati ke usa daura meM usakI upayogitA va prAyogikatA gauNa ho gii| phira kisI sAdhaka aura sudhAraka dvArA isako kathita "naye - rUpa" meM parosA gyaa| isa prakAra vikAsa ke sAtha, "pracAra aura prasAra " kI prabalatA aura kamajorI ke anurUpa, yaha mAdhyama bhI samaya-samaya para ujAgara aura vistRta huA hai / DaoN. jIvarAja jaina abhI AvazyakatA thI, dhyAna ke isa lambe saphara ko saMpUrNa rUpa se khoja nikAlakara prastuta karane kI / jisase Aja jo vibhinna rUpa meM, vibhinna dRSTikoNa se, alaga-alaga rUpa meM va nAma se yaha mAdhyama prasArita ho rahA hai, usako samagra rUpa se samajhA jA ske| isake aneka rUpa meM cala rahe abhiyAna meM nihita eka rUpatA va sApekSatA ko samajhA jA sake / ummIda hai, upasaMhAra meM pU. sAdhvI jI ne jo niSkarSa nikAlA hai, vo pAThakavRMda ko isa samagratA kA digdarzana karAyegA / tathA dhyAna kI vibhinna nAmoM se pahacAnI jAne vAlI paddhatiyoM ko isa prakAra vikasita karane meM madada karegA ki yaha mAdhyama sarvasAdhAraNa ke lie, Atmazodhana kA eka AsAna aura sulabha yAna bana ske| hara skUla bacce ko isakA AsAna va prabhAvI abhyAsa karAyA jA sake / Aja kI vikasita saMcAra vyavasthA meM, unakI jIvanacaryA kA yaha eka anivArya aMga bana sake / - *

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mukhya bAta hai ki yaha zodha-prabaMdha, bhaviSya ke zodhArthiyoM ke lie, bahuta hI prAmANita aura sugama AghAra bnegaa| merI kalpanA ke anusAra, navama adhyAya ke bAda, yadi tulanAtmaka rUpa se prastuta karane kA eka aura adhyAya rahatA to zodha prabaMdha kI upayogitA bddh'tii| isa adhyAya meM "prAyogika"niSkarSoM ko samAviSTa kiyA jA sakatA thA / phalasvarUpa bhAvI zodha ke lie kucha kSetra iMgita ho jaate| abhI "dhyAna" para kAphI prayoga cala rahe haiN| naye-naye vaijJAnika siddhAntoM kA, tathA naI-naI zArIrika aura mAnasika jAnakAriyoM kA sahArA liyA jA rahA haiM / kramavAra prAyogika zodha bhI ho rahI haiN| unakI sthitiyoM kA saMkalana ho sake to acchA haiN| cUMki viSaya vikAsa-yAtrA kA hI haiM, ataH Aja kI ho rahI zodha ko isIlie zAyada chor3a diyA gayA hai| CE, FIE, FIIW Jamshedpur

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viSaya sUcI Prii 2 MMS khaNDa prathama bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA 1-48 bhAratIya saMskRti kI do dhArAe~ zramaNa saMskRti prAcInatA cAturyAma dharma - paMca mahAvrata matamatAntara Atmavizuddhi aura samatA kI sAdhanA nirvikalpatA kI upalabdhi kA mAdhyama vibhinna zramaNa paramparAoM meM dhyAna rAmaputta kI dhyAnasAdhanA aura usakA bauddha aura jaina paramparA para prabhAva jaina paramparA meM dhyAna aura tatsambaMdhI sAhitya brAhmaNa saMskRti vaidika paramparA meM dhyAnavidhi * * pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi zrImad bhagavadgItA meM dhyAnayoga yogavAziSTha meM dhyAnayoga bauddha dharma meM dhyAna kI paramparA evaM dhyAnaviSayaka sAhitya bauddha dharma kA dhyAna sampradAya

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khaNDa dvitIya : prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna 1-51 DECE S yoga aura dhyAna kI bhAratIya paramparA Agama-kartA-aMgapraviSTa-aMgabAhya AcArAMga sUtra aura usake vyAkhyA sAhitya meM dhyAna sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM dhyAna sambandhI nirdeza sthAnAMga sUtra meM dhyAna sambandhI vivecanA samavAyAMga sUtra meM dhyAna bhagavatI sUtra aura dhyAna praznavyAkaraNa sUtra aupapAtika sUtra . uttarAdhyayana sUtra dazavaikAlika sUtra dazAzrutaskandha sUtra Avazyaka sUtra Avazyaka niyukti khaNDa tRtIya : zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga pRSThabhUmi - SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA mUlAcAra - bhagavatI ArAdhanA - AcAryakundakunda - paMcAstikAya, samayasAra. niyamasAra, mokSapAhur3a kArtikeyAnuprekSA yogasAra SAKSI . . 1-25 dravyasaMgraha

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1-31 khaNDa caturtha : AcArya umAsvAti, ninabhadra maNi aura pUjyapAda ke anyoM meM dhyAnavimarza * AcArya umAsvAtikRta tattvArthasUtra jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka pUjyapAda - iSTopadeza, samAdhitaMtra khaNDa paMcama : AcArya haribhada mUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA 1-39 600X3dosdoddasiddlessette..... yogadRSTi samuccaya - icchAyoga, zAstrayoga, sAmarthyayoga - dharmasaMnyAsa aura yogasaMnyAsa, ATha yogadRSTiyA~ yogazataka - nizcaya yoga - vyavahAra yoga yogaviMzikA yogabindu paMcAzakaprakaraNa khaNDa ptth| AcArya zabhacandra bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke 1-72 sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza AcArya zubhacandra : jJAnArNava - dhyAnayoga - dhyAnasiddhi-sAdhyatA/asAdhyatA dvAdaza bhAvanAe~ - dhyAna kA svarUpa - dhyAtA kI yogyatA - dhyAna ke bhedamaitrI, pramoda, kAruNya, mAdhyasthya bhAvanA, dhyAnayogya sthAna, Asana, prANAyAma pratyAhAra, dhAraNA - samudghAta prkriyaa| tritattva - ziva, garur3a, kaamtttv| AcArya bhAskaranandi : dhyAnastava AcArya somadeva kRta : yogamArga AcArya somadeva kRta : yazastilakacampU

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khaNDa samma : AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandra gaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdezaba yogazAstra : dhyAna kA anupama grantha yogapradIpa : gAgara meM sAgara 'dhyAnadIpikA' : saMkalanagrantha khaNDa aSTama yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM vyAvasAyanA * upAdhyAya yazovijaya adhyAtmasAra adhyAtmopaniSad * jJAnasAra * Anandaghana Anandaghana padAvalI anya pada khaNDa navama : Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA zrImad rAjacandra vipassanA dhyAna paddhati AcArya tulasI kA manonuzAsana samIkSaNa dhyAna 'mahAsatI zrI umarAvaku~vara 'arcanA' ma.sA. kA mudrAdhyA AcArya zivamuni kA dhyAnayoga AcArya mahAprajJa kA prekSAdhyAna upasaMhAra sahAyaka grantha-sUcI 1-63 1-31 1-48 1-13 1-6

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama khaNDa : - prathama bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA Ha * bhAratIya saMskRti kI do dhArAe~ * zramaNa saMskRti prAcInatA cAturyAma dharma - paMca mahAvrata matamatAntara Atmavizuddhi aura samatA kI sAdhanA nirvikalpatA kI upalabdhi kA mAdhyama vibhinna zramaNa paramparAoM meM dhyAna * rAmaputta kI dhyAnasAdhanA aura usakA bauddha aura jaina paramparA para prabhAva jaina paramparA meM dhyAna aura tatsambaMdhI sAhitya brAhmaNa saMskRti vaidika paramparA meM dhyAnavidhi pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi zrImad bhagavadgItA meM dhyAnayoga yogavAziSTha meM dhyAnayoga bauddha dharma meM dhyAna kI paramparA evaM dhyAnaviSayaka sAhitya bauddha dharma kA dhyAna sampradAya M

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama khaNDa:-prathama PERS bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna kI paramparA bhAratIya RSiyoM, dArzanikoM aura cintakoM kA lakSya sthUla jIvana kA nidarzana kabhI nahIM rhaa| unhoMne jIvana kI sUkSmatama, atala gaharAiyoM meM apanI prajJA ke sahAre praveza kiyA, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa adhyAtma darzana astitva meM aayaa| unhoMne sthApita kiyA ki mAtra deha kA saMrakSaNa, usakA paripoSaNa-saMvarddhana aura usase utpanna sukha hI parama satya nahIM hai| unhoMne deha meM sanniviSTa Atmatattva kI garimA kA sAkSAtkAra kara usakI mahimA prakaTa kii| AtmamUlaka cintanadhArA jaba zAzvata karmadhArA ke sAtha saMyukta ho jAtI hai taba jIvana meM usa tattva kI niSpatti hotI hai jise saMskRti kahA jAtA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kI do dhArAe~ saMskRti kA vikAsa jIvanadRSTi ke AdhAra para hotA hai| bhArata meM bhogamUlaka aura tyAgamUlaka jIvanadRSTiyoM ke AdhAra para kramaza: do saMskRtiyoM vaidika aura zramaNa kA vikAsa huaa| vaidika dhArA bhogamUlaka pravRtti mArga kI saMpoSaka rahI hai jabaki zramaNa dhArA tyAgamUlaka nivRttiparaka sAdhanA para bala detI rahI hai| ina donoM dhArAoM kA sundara vivecana DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apane lekha 'zramaNa evaM vaidika dhArA kA vikAsa evaM pArasparika prabhAva' meM kiyA hai| usI AdhAra para yahA~ ina donoM dhArAoM ke vikAsa aura unake dhArmika, dArzanika aura sAMskRtika pradeyoM kI tAlikA prastuta hai jo inakI dRSTi-bhinnatA ko siddha karatI hai| . ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama manuSya deha cetanA vAsanA viveka bhoga virAga (tyAga) abhyudaya (preya) niHzreyas svarga mokSa (nirvANa) karma sanyAsa pravRtti nivRtti pravartaka dharma nivartaka dharma alaukika zaktiyoM kI upAsanA Atmopalabdhi samarpaNamUlaka bhakti-mArga yajJamUlaka cintana pradhAna karma-mArga jJAnamArga dehadaNDanamUlaka tapa mArga

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama mamm~~~~~~~~~ mA pravartaka dharma / nivartaka dharma (1) dArzanika pradeya 1. jaivika mUlyoM kI pradhAnatA | 1. AdhyAtmika mUlyoM kI pradhAnatA | 2. vidhAyaka jIvanadRSTi 2. niSedhaka jIvanadRSTi | 3. samaSTivAdI 3. vyaSTivAdI 4. vyavahAra meM karma para bala, phira bhI 4. vyavahAra meM naiSkarmya kA samarthana, bhAgyavAda evaM niyativAda kA samarthana ____ phira bhI dRSTi puruSArthaparaka | 5. IzvaravAdI | 5. anIzvaravAdI | 6. IzvarIya kRpA para vikAsa 6. vaiyaktika prayAsoM para vizvAsa, __ karmasiddhAnta kA smrthn| | 7. sAdhanA hetu bAhya sAdhanoM para bala | 7. sAdhanA hetu Antarika vizuddhatA para bl| 8. jIvana kA lakSya svarga/Izvara ke / 8. jIvana kA lakSya mokSa/nirvANa ___ sAnnidhya kI prApti kI prApti | (2) sAMskRtika pradeya 19. varNavyavasthA aura jAtivAda kA / 9. jAtivAda kA virodha, varNavyavasthA kA janmanA AdhAra para samarthana kevala karmaNA AdhAra para samarthana 10.gRhastha jIvana kI pradhAnatA / 10.saMnyAsa jIvana kI pradhAnatA 11.sAmAjika jIvanazailI 11.ekAkI jIvanazailI 12.rAjataMtra kA samarthana 12.janataMtra kA samarthana 13.zaktizAlI kI pUjA 13.sadAcArI kI pUjA 14.vidhi-vidhAnoM evaM karmakANDoM 14.dhyAna aura tapa kI pradhAnatA kI pradhAnatA 15.brAhmaNa saMsthA(purohita varga) kA vikAsa | 15.zramaNa saMsthA kA vikAsa 16.upAsanA mUlaka dRSTi 16.samAdhimUlaka dRSTi

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AMERICASSORati zramaNa saMskRti zramaNa paramparA kA bhAratIya saMskRti meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| zramaNa zabda zram dhAtu se niSpanna huA hai, jisakA artha hai - parizrama karanA, udyoga krnaa| pAli prAkRta bhASA meM yaha zabda 'samaNa' hai, jo sam dhAtu se nirmita hai| ye zabda hI saMketa karate haiM ki zramaNa zrama, zama aura sama ke dharAtala para sthita hai| 'zrama' zabda kA artha puruSArtha, udyama yA Atma-parAkrama hai| 'zama' kA artha nirveda yA vairAgya hai| 'sama' kA artha samatA, samatva athavA sarva bhUtoM ko Atmavat samajhanA hai| isa prakAra zramaNa zabda eka aise adhyAtma - karmayogI kA sUcaka hai jisake jIvana meM apane parama lakSya ko prApta karane kA na kevala utsAha hI hotA hai varan usa dizA meM agrasara hone kA puruSArtha yA satata udyama bhI hotA hai| aisA sAdhaka Atmonmukha hotA hai| vaha bhautika utkarSa ko apanA parama lakSya nahIM mAnatA, use sAMsArika jIvana kI eka AvazyakatA mAtra samajhatA hai| ata: usake mana meM bhoga, vAsanA, eSaNA ityAdi se virakti hotI hai| vaha jo bhI karatA hai inameM Asakti na rakhate hue karatA hai| aise sAdhaka kI dRSTi meM prANi-jagat meM kisI prakAra kA bhedabhAva nahIM hotaa| usake hRdaya meM samatva kA agAdha sAgara laharAtA rahatA hai| sabhI prANiyoM ke prati usakI sneha, samAnatA kI dRSTi hotI hai, apanI ora se kisI ko pIr3A pahu~cAne meM usakI jarA bhI mAnasikatA nahIM hotii| apane sAmarthya se jitanA, jaisA bana sakatA hai vaha unakA hita hI sAdhatA hai| dArzanika dRSTi se usakI yaha mAnyatA hotI hai ki apane utthAna aura patana kA vaha svayaM hI uttaradAyI hai| apanA hita yA ahita karanA usake apane hAtha meM hai| vaha karma siddhAnta para aTala vizvAsa karatA hai| aise AtmapuruSArtha zIla, nirvedasampanna, samatva-bhAvopapanna satpuruSoM dvArA sevita, Acarita, saMprasArita, kriyAnvita cintanadhArA 'zramaNa saMskRti' ke nAma se abhihita huI hai| isameM kisI Izvara ko sRSTi ke racayitA, pAlanakartA, saMhartA Adi ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| isake anusAra pratyeka vyakti apane zrama va satkarmoM se svayaM Izvara bana sakatA hai| vaha Izvara ke prasAda para nirbhara nahIM hai balki usakA svayaM kA puruSArtha use utkarSa kI carama sthiti taka pahu~cA sakatA hai| usakA mUla lakSya hai Atmacintana, bheda-vijJAna tathA karmakSaya hetu saadhnaa| cAhe brAhmaNa ho

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama yA kSatriya, vaizya ho yA zUdra sabhI ko samAna rUpa se Atmacintana karane evaM mukti prApta karane kA adhikAra hai|' AgamoM meM spaSTarUpa se kahA gayA hai ki manuSya karma se hI brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra hotA hai| koI bhI vyakti mAtra gotra athavA dhana se zreSTha nahIM hotA, usakI zreSThatA to usake uttama karma, vidyA, dharma aura zIla se hai| AtmA svarUpata: nirmala aura nirvikAra hai| karma usake mUla svarUpa ko AvRta kara dete haiN| AtmA ke isa vikAra bhAva ko dUra karane ke lie zuddha bhAvapUrvaka samatA kI sAdhanA apekSita hai| zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA zramaNa saMskRti ke udbhava aura usakI prAcInatA ke sandarbha meM yahA~ adhika kahane kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| itanA nizcita hai ki zramaNa saMskRti vaidika saMskRti ke bAda kI saMskRti nahIM hai| sindhu ghATI ke utkhanana meM prApta kucha yaugika mudrAe~, vaidika sAhitya meM prayukta vrAtya, vAtarazanA muni, zramaNa Adi zabda, vedoM aura purANoM meM RSabhadeva ke nAmollekha tathA caryA aura kriyA-prakriyA se spaSTa hai ki zramaNa saMskRti vaidika saMskRti kI pUrvavartI hai| yadyapi vaidika sAhitya se prAcIna koI zramaNa sAhitya upalabdha nahIM hai, isalie bhale hI koI use pUrvavartI na mAne, para samakAlIna to avazya hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| pAli sAhitya meM samaNoM ke cAra prakAra batAye gaye haiM - 1. maggajina - sAdhanA ke mArga ko bhalI-bhA~ti jAnane vAle, 2. maggadesina - usakA upadeza karane vAle, 3. maggajIvina - jIvana meM use kriyAnvita karane vAle aura 4. maggaisina - mArga ke tattvadarzana ko AtmasAt karane vaale|' 1. uttarAdhyayana sUtra tathA kammaM vijjA ca dhammo ca sIlaM jIvitamuttamaM / evenamaccA sujjhanti na gottena dhanena vaa|| visuddhimgg||1|| uddhRta - amara bhAratI-zramaNa saMskRti aMka mArca-apraila 1971 2. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 25.33 3. jainijma ina buddhisTa liTarecara, prathama adhyAya, DaoN. bhAgacandra jaina bhAskara 4. sUtta nipAta 828

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama tattvadarzana meM matabheda utpanna hone ke phalasvarUpa aneka dRSTiyoM kA prAdurbhAva huaa| bauddha darzana meM ina sabhI dRSTiyoM kA saMkalana bAsaTha prakAra kI mithyAdRSTiyoM (micchAdiTThi) ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| jaina sAhitya meM inakI saMkhyA 363 batAI gayI hai| ThANAMga sUtra meM zramaNoM ke pA~ca bheda nirdiSTa haiM- nigaNTha (jaina), sakka (bauddha), tApasa, geruya aura privraajk| suttanipAta meM ye bheda yoM milate haiM - titthiya, AjIvika aura nignntth| inheM vAdasIla kahA gayA hai| zramaNa saMskRti meM jaina aura bauddha do pravAha pramukha haiN| vinTaranitsa aura DaoN. harmana yAkobI ne bhI inakA ullekha kiyA hai| jaina aura bauddha dharma zramaNa saMskRti kI pramukha zAkhAyeM haiN| inake dhArmika evaM sAmAjika cintana meM samatA aura samanvayAtmakatA kI pratiSThA huI hai| bauddha dharma se bhI jaina dharma prAcIna hai| bauddhapiTakoM meM bauddha dharma kA virodha karane ke prasaMgoM meM tathA bauddha dharma ko aMgIkAra karane ke prasaMgoM meM nirgranthoM kA ullekha huA hai| isase bhI yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki bauddhadharma jainadharma kA paravartI hai| bauddha sAhitya meM zramaNa paramparA ke chaha sampradAyoM kA evaM unake AcAryoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| unhIM chaha meM cAturyAma saMvara ke pravartaka ke rUpa meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirgrantha jJAtRputra ke nAma se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke atirikta akriyAvAda ke pravartaka ke rUpa meM AcArya pUraNakazyapa, niyativAda ke pravartaka ke rUpa meM makkhaligosAla, ucchedavAda ke pravartaka ke rUpa meM ajita kezakambali, anyonyavAda ke pravartaka ke rUpa meM prakrudha kAtyAyana tathA nikSepavAda ke pravartaka ke rUpa meM saMjaya velaTThiputta kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| bauddha sAhitya meM inakA jo varNana milatA hai usase inake siddhAntoM para vizeSa prakAza nahIM pdd'taa| ye saba zramaNa saMskRti meM isalie svIkRta the kyoMki ye tapazcaraNa, kAyakleza, kaSTa-sahana, dhyAna Adi meM vizvAsa karate the aura vaidika paramparA meM svIkRta Izvara ke sRSTi-kartRtva, yajJa-yAga, karma-kANDa Adi meM vizvAsa nahIM karate the| 5. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra 1.1.11 6. sthAnAMga sUtra 9.56 7. sUttanipAtta, 381 ~~~~~~~~~ 7 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA inake siddhAntoM ke pratipAdaka grantha Aja prApta nahIM haiN| sambhava hai, inakA bhI sAhitya rahA ho aura uttarottara anuyAyiyoM ke ghaTate jAne se aura phira na rahane para sAra-saMbhAla ke abhAva meM naSTa ho gayA ho / zramaNa paramparA aura nahIM to aitihAsika dRSTi se RSabhadevakAlIna to hai hI / RSabhadeva ke bAda tebIsa tIrthaMkara aura hue, jinhoMne isa paramparA ke vikAsa meM apanA yoga diyaa| ina tIrthaMkaroM meM vizeSa rUpa se pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke ullekha pAlitripiTaka meM upalabdha hote haiN| vahA~ 'sAmaNNa - phalasUtta' meM pArzvanAtha ke cAturyAma saMvara kA ullekha hai para usakA vivecana nahIM / kintu 'aMguttara nikAya' meM isa sambandha meM Aye hue ullekha se cAturyAma saMvara kA kucha spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra' Adi AgamoM se bhI isakA samarthana spaSTa rUpa se hotA hai / ataH zramaNasAdhanA meM jainasAdhanA, bauddhasAdhanA se pUrvavartI siddha hotI hai| cAturyAmadharma- paMca mahAvrata jaina paramparA meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva se mahAvIra paryanta caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI saMyamamUlaka sAdhanA kA krama to vastutaH ekasA hI rahA hai kintu zAbdika dRSTi se vahA~ cAturyAma dharma aura paMca mahAvrata dharma ke rUpa meM kathanabheda dRSTigocara hotA hai / prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva aura antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zAsanakAla meM paMca mahAvrata - mUlaka dharma pracalita rahA / prANAtipAtavarjana ahiMsA, mRSAvAdavarjana satya, adattAdAnavarjana acaurya, abrahmavarjana - brahmacarya tathA parigrahavarjana aparigraha ke rUpa meM prasRta rhaa| dvitIya tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ajitanAtha se tebIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha taka cAturyAma dharma saMpravRtta rahA / - - 8. aMguttaranikAya bhA. 3 pR. 276-77 9. sthAnAMga sUtra 266 khaNDa : prathama donoM meM tattvataH samAnatA thI kintu cAturyAma dharma meM cauthe yAma meM cauthe aura pA~caveM mahAvrata kA samAveza kiyA gayA / ataH brahmacarya aura aparigraha donoM ko eka hI yAma meM parigRhIta kiyA gayA / tadanusAra strI ko bhI eka prakAra kA parigraha hI mAnA gyaa| aisA kyoM huA, isa sambandha meM 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM bar3I hI sundara carcA -

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khaNDa: prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AyI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI cAturyAma paramparA ke zramaNa bhI vidyamAna the| eka bAra aisA prasaMga banA - bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pramukha gaNadhara gautama aura pArzva paramparA ke pramukha santa kezI svAmI kA milana haa| donoM meM isa sambandha meM vicAra-vimarza huaa| gautama ne vahA~ bar3A hI sundara samAdhAna diyaa| unhoMne batAyA ki prathama tIrthaMkara ke samaya loga Rju - jar3a hote haiM - arthAt bahuta sarala hote haiN| inheM hara kisI bAta ko bahuta hI spaSTa aura vistRta rUpa meM samajhAnA hotA hai| isalie inheM samajhAne ke uddezya se pA~coM vratoM kA pRthak - pRthak upadeza kiyA gyaa| antima tIrthaMkara ke samaya loga vakrajar3a hote haiN| ve kisI viSaya kA spaSTa ullekhavivecana na hone para kucha avAMchita mArga nikAla lene kA prayAsa kara sakate haiN| ve aisA na kara sakeM, ataeva bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pA~ca mahAvratoM kA pRthak-pRthak ati spaSTa rUpa se upadeza diyA, vizleSaNa kiyaa| dvitIya se tebIsaveM tIrthaMkara taka ke loga 'Rju prAjJa' kahe gaye haiN| ve svabhAva se hI sarala hote haiN| sAtha-hI-sAtha prajJAzIla bhI hote haiN| saMkSepa meM upadiSTa viSaya ko bhI bhalI-bhA~ti samajhane meM sakSama hote haiN| ata: madhyavartI bAIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke zAsanakAla meM cAturyAma dharma kA upadeza diyA jAtA rhaa| abhiprAya yaha hai ki cAturyAma dharma aura paMca mahAvratoM meM tattvata: koI antara nahIM hai, kevala kathanabheda hai| katipaya matamatAntara ukta chaha zAstAoM ke atirikta kucha choTe-moTe zAstA aura bhI the jo apaneapane mata kA pracAra-prasAra samAja meM kara rahe the| 'brahmajAla suttaM' ke bAsaTha dArzanika mata isa prasaMga meM ullekhanIya haiN| inheM gaMbhIra, durbodha Adi kahA gayA hai| ___ 'sUtrakRtAGga' meM dArzanika mata-matAntaroM kI saMkhyA 363 batAI gaI hai| ye 363 mata mukhyatayA cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiye gaye haiM - kriyAvAdI, akriyAvAdI, ajJAnavAdI aura vainyik| inake atirikta yajJa, bhUta, preta, pazu Adi kI bhI pUjA kI jAtI thii| kaI aise sampradAya bhI the jo brAhmaNa saMskRti ke aura zramaNa saMskRti ke kucha-kucha siddhAntoM ko mAnakara calate the| ___ 'aupapAtika sUtra' meM vAnaprasthoM, pravrajita zramaNoM aura parivrAjakoM Adi kA ullekha huA hai| unakI caryA na to sarvathA brAhmaNa saMskRti ke siddhAntoM se saMgati

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA rakhatI thI aura na hI zramaNa saMskRti kA pUrI taraha anusaraNa karatI thii| ve sAdhaka bAhya zuddhi meM vizvAsa karate the tathA sAtha-hI-sAtha tapasyA Adi meM bhI pravRttizIla the / zramaNoM kI taraha pAda - vihAra karate the| unake apane-apane samudAya 27110 'aupapAtika' meM ambar3a nAmaka eka parivrAjaka kA varNana AyA hai jo apane samaya kA, apanI paramparA kA atyanta prasiddha vyakti thA / kahA gayA hai ki usake sAta sau antevAsI the| aisA bhI ullekha huA hai ki dAtA ke abhAva meM jala na milane ke kAraNa una sabhI ne AmaraNa anazana dvArA apane prANoM kA visarjana kiyA / " 'sUtrakRtAMga' meM paMca mahAbhUtavAda, ekAntavAda, tajjIvataccharIravAda, akArakavAda, AtmaSaSThavAda tathA kSaNikavAda kA ullekha huA hai 112 'brahmajAla sutta' meM aura 'sUtrakRtAMga' meM nirdiSTa ye dArzanika mata ekadUsare ke pUraka kahe jA sakate haiN| inameM adhikAMza sampradAya zramaNa saMskRti ke dharAtala para khar3e hue haiM aura pratyakSa-apratyakSa rUpa se kisI-na-kisI prakAra zramaNa paramparA se prabhAvita haiN| khaNDa : prathama AcAra niyamoM ke yat kiJcit bheda ke AdhAra para ye bhinna-bhinna mata, vAda yA samudAya astitva meM aaye| apane - apane prabhAvita kSetroM meM vyApta bhI rahe, kintu zanaiH zanaiH unakA astitva lupta hotA gayA aura mukhyata: jaina aura bauddha paramparAoM meM hI zramaNa saMskRti poSita hotI rahI / 'bhAgavata' Adi hindU granthoM meM aise sAdhakoM kI paramparA kA ullekha hai jo vana, giri-kandarA, zmazAna bhUmi Adi ekAnta sthAna ko AvAsa hetu svIkAra karake vahA~ dhyAna-sAdhanA karate the / inakA sAmAjika logoM se spaSTa pArthakya dRSTigocara hotA thaa| inameM se aneka to nirvastra rahate the aura jaTAjUTa dhAraNa karate the / AhAra kI dRSTi se inakA jIvana titikSApUrNa thA / yaha paramparA 'tApasa' nAma se prasiddha huI / tApaso meM brAhmaNa aura zramaNa saMskRti kA mela thA / 'sUtrakRtAMga' evaM 'aupapAtika sUtra' 10. aupapAtika sUtra pR. saMkhyA 125-135 11. vahI, pR. saM. 136-141 12. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra, 1/1, pR. 20/38 10 INN

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khaNDa : prathama 13 meM aise vividha tApasoM kA ullekha hai / ' jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama prAcIna vAGmaya meM avadhUta zabda kA prayoga bhI hai| avadhUta zabda una sAdhakoM ke lie prayukta huA jo laukika suvidhAoM se sarvathA vimukha rahakara anAsakta jIvana vyatIta karate the aura ekAnta meM dhyAna-sAdhanA karate the / 'bhAgavata' meM RSabhadeva kA eka avadhUta sAdhaka ke rUpa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| 14 'bhAgavata' meM hI bharata ke ghora titikSAmaya jIvana kA eka avadhUta sAdhaka ke rUpa meM citraNa huA hai| 'bhAgavata' ke gyArahaveM skandha meM dattAtreya kA bhI eka aise hI sAdhaka ke rUpa meM varNana hai| 15 bauddha tripiTaka evaM jainAgamoM meM bhI yatra tatra avadhUta sAdhakoM kA ullekha hai| bauddha sAdhakoM meM dhUtAMga bhikSuoM aura unakI sAdhanA kA vivaraNa milatA hai| majjhimanikAya 16 meM buddha kI tapomaya caryA kA jaisA ullekha hai, vaise hI 'AcArAMga sUtra' meM mahAvIra kI caryA varNita hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra jaba lAr3ha deza meM vihAra karate the taba ve ghAsa - kaMTakAdi kA kaThora sparza, zItasparza, bhayaMkara garmI kA sparza, DA~sa aura maccharoM kA daMza ina nAnA prakAra ke duHkhada sparzo ( parISahoM) ko sadA samyak prakAra se sahana karate the / vahA~ anArya loga una para DaNDoM se AghAta karate the tathA una para zikArI kutte chor3a dete the jo unheM kATa khAte / vahA~ ke loga rUkhA-sUkhA khAne vAle the ata: unake svabhAva meM bhI bar3I kaThoratA tathA rukSatA thI / vahA~ vicaraNa karane vAle zramaNa lAThI tathA nAlikA lekara vicaraNa karate the / ' 7 'AcArAMga sUtra' ke SaSTha adhyayana kA nAma dhUtAdhyayana hai| isameM sAdhaka kI usa caryA kA varNana hai jahA~ vaha laukika bhAva se mur3akara adhyAtma bhAva meM abhirata rahatA hai| bauddha vAGmaya ke antargata 'visuddhimagga' meM kaSTamaya sAdhanA kA varNana hai, use dhUtAMga kahA gayA hai| 13. aupapAtika sUtra 74 14. zrImad bhAgavata skaMdha 5 3.20 patra saM. 7 ~~~ 15. vahI, 11.6.25 30, 32-35 patra saM. 13, 44 16. majjhimanikAya, mahAsIhanAda suttaM 1/12 pR. 96 17. AcArAMga sUtra 1.9.3.293-295 11

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama 'dhUta' zabda ke sambandha meM muni rAkeza jI kI mAnyatA hai ki sambhavata: prayatnalAghava kI prakriyA ke anusAra avadhUta zabda ke saMkSiptIkaraNa meM kevala 'dhUta zabda hI avazeSa raha gayA ho|18 pataMjali ke 'yogasUtra' meM yogiyoM kA varNana hai| cittavRttiyoM ke nirodha hetu prayatnazIlatA, jo AtmA ko antataH apane svarUpa meM avasthita karAtI hai, eka yogAbhyAsI kI sAdhanA-yAtrA hai| pataMjali ne videhayogI kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai| unake anusAra videhayogI unheM kahA jAtA hai jo vitarkAnugata aura vicArAnugata samAdhi siddha karake zarIra se asaMga arthAt dehabhAva se vimukta hote haiN| isa paramparA meM haThayoga kA ullekha bhI prAsaMgika hai| haThayoga ke Adi AcArya AdinAtha yA ziva mAne jAte haiN| manthAna, bhairava, siddha, buddha, kaMthar3I, koraMTaka, surAnanda, siddhapAda, carapaTI, niraMjana, kapAlI Adi ne haThayoga kI sAdhanA se hI Atmasiddhi prApta kii| uparyukta vivecana se yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki nissandeha zramaNa saMskRti bhAratavarSa kI eka atyanta gauravazIla saMskRti rahI hai, jo prAgaitihAsika kAla se hI bhArata ke vividha aMcaloM meM phalatI-phUlatI rahI hai| zramaNa saMskRti kI vicAradhArA vaidika saMskRti kI vicAradhArA se bhinna hai| vaidika saMskRti pravRtti-pradhAna hai jabaki zramaNa saMskRti zrama, zama evaM sama se AplAvita nivRtti pradhAna hai| vaidika saMskRti meM yajJayAga Adi karma-kANDa tathA pUjA-upAsanA Adi kA prAdhAnya hai| zramaNa saMskRti AdhyAtmika abhyudaya, parama kalyANa tathA zAnti Adi hetu saMyama, vrata evaM tapazcaraNa para AdhArita hai| jaina paramparA bauddha paramparA se milatIjulatI eka sarvathA svataMtra pRthak paramparA hai| tripiTaka-sAhitya kA parizIlana karane para spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki tathAgata buddha ne aneka sthaloM para zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ko 'niggaMtha nAthaputta' Adi nAma se sambodhita kiyA hai| 18. jaina yoga kI paramparA pR. 4 19. haThayoga pradIpikA 6-9

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khaNDa: prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama chaThI zatAbdI I. pUrva ke prathama caraNa taka to zramaNa saMskRti jaina saMskRti ke hI pUrva rUpa meM vikasita thii| anantara tathAgata buddha ke kAraNa isakI eka dhArA bauddha dharma ke rUpa meM pravAhita ho calI aura kAlAntara meM jaina aura bauddha donoM ke liye hI zramaNa saMskRti zabda vyavahRta hone lgaa| isakA pramukha kAraNa thA ki donoM mahApuruSa mahAvIra aura buddha samakAlIna the aura donoM kI vicAra-dhArAoM meM bahuta aMzoM meM samAnatA thii| zramaNa paramparA prArambha se hI tapa aura tyAga mUlaka rhii| upalabdha vAGmaya se jJAta hotA hai ki dhyAna- sAdhanA vastuta: zramaNa paramparA kI tapazcaryA kA hI eka rUpa thaa| lagabhaga sabhI zramaNa dhArAyeM apanI sAdhanA- vidhiyoM meM samAdhi aura dhyAnasAdhanA ko mahattva detI thiiN| zramaNa aura tApasa kI dainika caryA meM tapa kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna thaa| 'RSibhASita sUtra' meM gardabhAla (dagabhAla) ke adhyayana meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki jo sthAna zarIra meM mastaka kA hai, vRkSa ke lie jar3a kA hai vahI sthAna samasta munidharma meM dhyAna kA hai|20 isase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki zramaNa paramparA mUlata: dhyAna - sAdhanA mUlaka rhii| gardabhAla RSivara aura unake ziSya saMjaya kA ullekha 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' ke 18 veM adhyAya meM milatA hai| vahA~ unakI sAdhanA kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki ve tapodhanamuni kAmpilya nagara ke kezava udyAna meM svAdhyAya aura dhyAna se yukta hokara dharmadhyAna kI sAdhanA karate the| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki gardabhAla RSi kI jo sAdhanA paddhati thI usameM dhyAna kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna thaa|| ___RSibhASita' meM gardabhAla RSi ke dvArA dhyAna ke mahattva ko spaSTa karanA aura unake ziSya saMjaya ke dvArA dhyAna kI sAdhanA meM nirata rahanA yaha sUcita karatA hai ki zramaNa sAdhanA meM dhyAna eka mahattvapUrNa pakSa thaa| jaina aura bauddha granthoM meM jahA~ RSiyoM kI dinacaryA kA ullekha hai vahA~ unakI dhyAna-sAdhanA kA ullekha avazya 20. isibhAsiyAI 22/14 sIsaM jahA sarIrassa, jahA mUlaM dumasma y| savvassa sAdhudhammassa, tahA jhANaM vidhiiyte|| 21. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 18.4 aha kesarammi ujjANe, aNagAre tvodhnne| sajjhAyajjhANaM saMjutte, dhammajjhANaM jhiyAyai / / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 13 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa: prathama hai| jaina paramparA meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM muni kI dinacaryA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| usameM spaSTa rUpa se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki muni dina ke prathama prahara meM svAdhyAya kareM, dvitIya prahara meM dhyAna, tRtIya prahara meM bhikSAcaryA aura caturtha prahara meM phira svAdhyAya kreN| isI prakAra rAtri ke prathama prahara meM svAdhyAya, dvitIya prahara meM dhyAna, tRtIya prahara meM nidrA evaM caturtha prahara meM puna: svAdhyAya kreN| isa prakAra zramaNa sAdhakoM aura tApasoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA kI pravRtti mukhya thii| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura bhagavAna buddha ne apane sAdhanAtmaka jIvana kA adhikAMza samaya dhyAna meM hI vyatIta kiyA thaa| vastuta: zramaNa sAdhanA yA tApasa sAdhanA meM dhyAna ko sarvopari mAnA gayA hai| kyoMki zramaNa paramparA meM Atmavizuddhi kA jo mArga pratipAdita hai usake lie svAdhyAya aura dhyAna do Avazyaka tattva mAne gaye haiN| 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM yaha prazna kiyA gayA hai ki kAyotsarga (dhyAna) se jIva ko kyA prApta hotA hai? isake uttara meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki kAyotsarga ke dvArA AtmA atIta aura vartamAna ke doSoM kI vizuddhi karatA hai aura isa vizuddhi ke dvArA anta meM vaha prazasta dhyAna ko prApta ho kara sukhapUrvaka vicaraNa karatA hai|22 isase yahI phalita hotA hai ki Atmavizuddhi aura AtmazAnti kA yadi koI saphala mArga ho sakatA hai to vaha mArga dhyAna kA hI hai| Atmavizuddhi aura samatA kI sAdhanA zramaNa paramparA kA mukhya lakSya Atmavizuddhi rahA hai| Atmavizuddhi se tAtparya hai - citta meM uThane vAlI icchAoM, AkAMkSAoM, kaSAyoM aura vAsanAoM ke saMskAroM ko samApta krnaa| saMkSepa meM kahA jAya to rAga aura dveSa janya tanAvoM se AtmA ko mukta rakhanA hI usakI vizuddhi hai| rAga aura dveSa ke nimitta se hamArI cetanA kA samatva bhaMga hotA hai aura citta meM tanAva utpanna hotA hai| vastuta: tanAva se mukta aura samatA se saMyukta AtmA kI avasthiti hI zramaNa sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to zramaNa sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya vikalpajAla se tanAvayukta bane hue citta ko nirvikalpatA kI ora le jAnA hai| vikalpoM kI mUla kAraNa icchAe~ aura AkAMkSAe~ haiN| yadi citta ko nirvikalpa banAnA hai to icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se mukta honA hogaa| icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se mukta hone ke lie rAga-dveSa ko samApta karanA 22. vahI, 29-12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 14 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ hogaa| vastuta: rAga aura dveSa meM bhI rAga, Asakti yA tRSNA kA tattva hI pradhAna hotA hai| dveSa kA janma to rAga kI pUrti meM hone vAlI bAdhAoM ke kAraNa hotA hai| . bhAratIya saMskRti kI tInoM dhArAoM jaina, bauddha aura hindU kA mukhya lakSya kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM eka hI rahA hai| jaina sAdhanA kA lakSya hai - vyakti rAga aura dveSa se mukta ho| kyoMki usameM rAga aura dveSa ko hI karmabandha athavA AtmA kI avizuddhi kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| bauddha darzana meM kahA gayA hai ki citta kI vizuddhi yA nirvikalpatA ke lie tRSNA se mukta honA Avazyaka hai| hindU paramparA meM AtmA kI vizuddhi ke lie Asakti kA parityAga Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| 'gItA' ke anusAra Asakta citta kI sabhI kriyAe~ bandhana kA kAraNa hotI haiM aura anAsakta citta kI sabhI kriyAe~ vimukti kI dizA meM le jAtI haiN| isakA tAtparya yahI hai ki Atmavizuddhi athavA samatA kI sAdhanA ke lie cittavRtti ko rAgadveSa, tRSNA yA Asakti se vimukta banAnA hai| nirvikalpatA kI upalabdhi kA mAdhyama citta ko nirvikalpa banAne ke lie usakI ekAgratA Avazyaka hotI hai| kyoMki jaba taka citta meM icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ aura vAsanAe~ uThatI rahatI haiM taba taka vaha ekAgra nahIM ho paataa| ina icchAoM, vAsanAoM aura AkAMkSAoM ke vaividhya ke kAraNa citta aneka bhAgoM meM ba~Ta jAtA hai| 'AcArAMga sUtra' meM kahA gayA hai ki icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM se yukta citta vibhinna chedoM vAlI calanI ke samAna hotA hai| yaha bikharA huA citta hI hamArI azAnti aura tanAva kA kAraNa hotA hai| isase hI AtmA kI samatA bhaMga hotI hai| jitanI AkAMkSAe~ aura icchAe~ hotI haiM, citta utane hI rUpa le letA hai ata: citta ko ekAgra karane kI AvazyakatA hai| yadyapi kabhI-kabhI vAsanAgata citta bhI ekAgra ho jAtA hai kintu usakI isa ekAgratA meM nirvikalpatA nahIM hotI hai| jaina paramparA meM Artta dhyAna meM bhI kabhIkabhI citta kI ekAgratA dekhI jAtI hai kintu vaha ekAgratA samatA yA Atma-vizuddhi meM sahAyaka nahIM hotii| ata: ekAgratA ke sAtha-sAtha nirvikalpatA Avazyaka hai| nirvikalpatA kI sAdhanA ke lie citta ko aise viSaya para kendrita kiyA jAtA hai TwiCNEPAL ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama jisase usameM tanAva utpanna na ho| isI nirvikalpatA kI siddhi hetu kI jAne vAlI citta kI ekAgratA ko dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| vibhinna zramaNa paramparAoM meM dhyAna ___ dhyAna kI prArambhika sAdhanA hetu zramaNa paramparA meM tIna tattva Avazyaka mAne gaye haiM - (1) zArIrika sthiratA, (2) vANIgata mauna aura (3) citta ko vikalpoM se dUra karane ke lie kisI viSaya yA vastu para use kendrita krnaa| citta kI ekAgratA ko vikasita karane ke lie dhyAna kI vibhinna vidhiyA~ khojI gaI haiN| kisI bindu vizeSa para dhyAna ko kendrita karane se trATaka dhyAnavidhi kA vikAsa huaa| 'AcArAMga sUtra' ke navama adhyAya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA isa prakAra kI dhyAna sAdhanA kA ullekha hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki ve tIrtha kI bhitti para dRSTi ko kendrita karake dhyAna karate the| dhyAna ke dUsare rUpa kA ullekha zvAsa para citta ko kendrita karane kI vidhi ke rUpa meM milatA hai| prAcIna jaina granthoM meM zvAsocchvAsa para dhyAna kendrita karane ko kahA gayA hai| ise hI bauddha paramparA meM AnApAnasatI ke rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai| vartamAna meM bhI vipazyanA kA prArambhika bindu AnApAnasatI hai| AcArAMga meM dhyAna kA eka tIsarA rUpa zArIrika kriyA ke atirikta cita ko ekAgra karanA hai| dhyAna kA yaha rUpa hI Age calakara lokavipazyanA yA lokaprekSA ke rUpa meM vikasita huaa| jaina TIkAkAroM ne 'loka' kA eka artha zarIra bhI mAnA hai| isa prakAra trATaka sAdhanA ke atirikta zvAsa prekSA, zarIra prekSA aura vicAra prekSA ke saMketa bhI prAcIna jaina AgamoM meM aura bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya meM upalabdha hote haiN| rAmaputta kI dhyAna-sAdhanA aura usakA bauddha aura jaina paramparA para prabhAva zramaNa paramparA atyanta prAcIna hai| zramaNa sAdhaka dainika jIvanacaryA meM dhyAna sAdhanA ko vizeSa mahattva dete the| mahAvIra aura buddha ke pUrva bhI aneka aise zramaNa sAdhaka the jo dhyAnasAdhanA kI viziSTa vidhiyoM ke na kevala jJAtA the, apitu apane sAnnidhya meM aneka sAdhakoM ko dhyAna kI una vidhiyoM kA abhyAsa bhI karavAte the| ina AcAryoM kI dhyAna-sAdhanA kI apanI-apanI viziSTa vidhiyA~ thIM, aise saMketa 23. AcArAMga sUtra 1.9.45 WINNARENama st" KAMNAM .. .. ' E

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama bhI milate haiM / buddha apane sAdhanAkAla meM aise hI eka dhyAnasAdhaka zramaNa AcArya rAmaputta ke pAsa svayaM dhyAnasAdhanA ke abhyAsa ke lie gaye the / rAmaputta ke sambandha tripiTaka sAhitya meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki bhagavAna buddha jJAnaprApti ke pazcAt bhI apanI sAdhanA kI upalabdhiyoM ko batAne hetu unase milane ke lie utsuka the, kintu taba taka unakI mRtyu ho cukI thI / 24 isa prakaraNa se isa sambhAvanA se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai ki bauddha paramparA meM vipazyanA kI jo vidhi Aja taka surakSita rahI hai vaha rAmaputta se pUrNataH aprabhAvita rahI hogI / yaha to svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki bauddha paramparA meM isa vidhi meM kucha pariSkAra hue hoMge kintu vipazyanA kI yaha vidhi bauddha paramparA kI maulika vidhi ho, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| usake samarUpa ullekha AcArAMga aura anya jaina AgamoM meM bhI milate haiN| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki rAmaputta kI yaha vidhi jaina paramparA meM samAnAMtara rUpa se vikasita hotI rahI hai / Agama sAhitya meM rAmaputta kA ullekha hameM tIna sthAnoM para milatA hai| sarvaprathama sUtrakRtAMga 2' meM rAmaputta kA ullekha hai aura unakA aise RSi ke rUpa meM ullekha hai jo AcAra ke stara para nirgrantha paramparA se bhinna hote hue bhI mAnya rahe haiN| rAmaputta kA dUsarA ullekha 'aMtagar3adazAo 26 meM rAmaputta nAmaka adhyayana ke rUpa meM milatA hai| kintu kheda hai ki vartamAna 'aMtagar3adazAoM' meM yaha adhyayana anupalabdha hai / kintu 'sthAnAMga sUtra' meM dasa dazAgranthoM kA ullekha karane ke pazcAt pratyeka grantha ke adhyAyoM kI sUcI dI gaI hai| vahA~ 'antagar3adazAoM' ke eka adhyayana kA zIrSaka rAmaputta hai| vidvAnoM kA aisA mAnanA hai ki 'antagar3adazAo' kI prAcIna viSaya vastu meM parivartana huA hai aura kinhIM ajJAta kAraNoM se vaha adhyayana vahA~ se vilupta ho gayA / rAmaputta kA tIsarA ullekha RSibhASita 7 meM milatA hai| RSibhASita meM rAmaputa ko arhat RSi kahA gayA hai| mAtra yahI nahIM unake upadeza ko bhI sAra rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| ve kahate haiM ki "maiM asamAdhita azubhalezyA vAlA hU~, 24. Dictionary of Pali Proper Names, By J. P. Malal Sekhar Vol. 1 P. 382-83 25. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra 1.3.4.2-3 26. sthAnAMga 10.133 isameM antakRtadazA kI prAcIna viSayavastu kA ullekha hai| 27. isibhAsiyAiM adhyAya 23 17 J

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa: prathama gaNDa - rAga - dveSamaya du:khamaraNa rUpI gA~Tha (vraNa) se pIr3ita huuN| du:khamaraNa ke granthibandhana se jIrNa (zithila) ho rahA huuN| isa granthi kA maiM nAza karUMgA, duHkha-maraNa kA nAza karake rhuuNgaa| ata: du:kha-mRtyu rUpI gA~Tha kA nAza karake jJAna-darzana-cAritra kI AsevanA kruuNgaa| jJAna se jAnakara, darzana se dekhakara, saMyama se saMyamita hokara, tapa se aSTavidha karmaraja maila ko jhar3akA kara, AtmA ko zodhita kara anAdi-ananta dIrghamArga vAle caturgati rUpa saMsAra kI aTavI ko pAra kara ziva, acala, aruja, akSaya, avyAbAdha, puna: janmarahita siddhagati nAmaka sthAna ko prApta kara bhaviSya meM zAzvata kAla paryanta maiM vahA~ sthiti kruuNgaa|28 'RSibhASita' meM isa upadeza ko dekhakara spaSTa rUpa se yaha lagatA hai ki rAmaputta ke vicAroM kA jaina paramparA ke sAtha atyanta naikaTya thaa| jaina paramparA ke samAna unhoMne bhI aSTakarma kA ullekha kiyA hai| aSTakarma se vimukti ke bAda siddha avasthA ke svarUpa kA unakA citraNa bhI jaina paramparA ke 'zakrastava' ke pATha se sAmya rakhatA hai| rAmaputta ke isa adhyayana ke pUrva vAle adhyayana meM to dhyAna kI mahimA kA vistRta ullekha huA hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai jisa prakAra zarIra meM sira kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai usI prakAra sAdhanA meM dhyAna kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai|29 aisA lagatA hai ki vartamAna yuga meM vipazyanA kI jo paddhati pracalita hai, use dRSTigata rakhate hue jaina paramparA meM jaina Agama sAhitya ko AdhAra banAkara jo prekSAdhyAnavidhi kA vikAsa huA hai vaha vidhi apane mUla rUpa meM kahIM-na-kahIM bhAratIya zramaNa paramparA ke mahAzramaNa rAmaputta kI dhyAna-sAdhanA vidhi kA hI AMzika rUpa se saMskArita svarUpa hai| yaha durbhAgyapUrNa sthiti hai ki vartamAna meM RSibhASita meM upalabdha eka adhyAya ko chor3akara jaina aura bauddha sAhitya meM athavA upaniSad-sAhitya meM rAmaputta kI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kA vizeSa vivaraNa dene vAlA aMza yA koI svataMtra grantha Aja upalabdha nahIM hai| phira bhI jo saMketa upalabdha hue haiM unake AdhAra para nirvivAda rUpa meM yaha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai ki jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM jo dhyAna sAdhanA vidhiyA~ rahI haiM ve rAmaputta kI dhyAnasAdhanA vidhi se pUrNata: aprabhAvita rahI hoM, agrima pRSThoM 28. vahI, a. 23 29. vahI, a. 22.14 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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khaNDa: prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm meM yaha vivecana kareMge ki jaina aura bauddha paramparAoM meM isa sAdhanA vidhi kA vikAsa kaise huaa| na paramparA meM dhyAna aura tatsaMbaMdhI sAhitya jaina dharma mukhya rUpa se sAdhanAparaka dharma hai| usake sAhitya meM AcAra pakSa kI hI pramukhatA dekhI jAtI hai| jaina Agama sAhitya ko mukhya rUpa se cAra anuyogoM meM (vibhAgoM meM) varNita kiyA gayA hai : dravyAnuyoga, gaNitAnuyoga, dharmakathAnuyoga, crnnaanuyog| jJAna aura sAdhanA kA pakSa mukhya rUpa se caraNa-karaNAnuyoga ke antargata AtA hai| jaina AgamoM meM AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, bhagavatI, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika Adi grantha caraNa - karaNAnuyoga se saMbaMdhita mAne gaye haiN| ina granthoM meM yathAprasaMga dhyAna aura kAyotsarga kA vivecana upalabdha hai| vaise dhyAna aura kAyotsarga jaina paramparA meM abhyantara tapa ke antargata Ate haiN| ina granthoM meM aura vizeSa rUpa se una prasaMgoM meM jahA~ abhyantara tapoM kA varNana huA hai vahA~ dhyAna aura kAyotsarga saMbaMdhI vizeSa carcA huI hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAna dene yogya hai ki mUla AgamoM meM dhyAna aura kAyotsarga ko alaga-alaga batAyA hai| vastuta: jaina paramparA meM dhyAna citta kI ekAgratA aura nirvikalpatA kI sAdhanA hai to kAyotsarga deha ke prati nirmamatva kI sAdhanA hai| citta ke vikalpoM ke mUla meM kahIM-na-kahIM mamatva kA bhAva nihita hotA hai| ata: nirmamatva kI sAdhanA ke binA nirvikalpatA kI sAdhanA saMbhava nahIM hai| isa saMbaMdha meM gahana vivecanA kI dRSTi se AgamoM kI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM likhe gaye niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi aura TIkA grantha mahattvapUrNa haiN| niyukti sAhitya meM vizeSa rUpa se 'Avazyaka niyukti' isa saMbaMdha meM vizeSa prakAza DAlatI hai| niyuktiyoM ke atirikta bhASya, cUrNi aura TIkA sAhitya meM bhI dhyAna aura kAyotsarga saMbaMdhI vivecana upalabdha hote haiM jinakI carcA Age yathAprasaMga kI jaaegii| yahA~ jaina paramparA ke dhyAna saMbaMdhI sAhitya kA sUcanAtmaka Akalana prastuta hai - sarvaprathama AcArAMga sUtra meM sAkSIbhAva kI sAdhanA ke rUpa meM dhyAna - sAdhanA ke nirdeza vikIrNa rUpa meM prApta hote haiM kintu ye saMdarbha jaina paramparA kI prAcIna dhyAna ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 19 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa: prathama paddhati ko jAnane ke lie atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiN| 'vipazyanA' aura 'prekSA' isI ke vikasita rUpa haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM abhyantara tapa ke bhedoM kA jo ullekha upalabdha hotA hai usa para uttarAdhyayana kI TIkAoM meM vizeSa rUpa se prakAza DAlA gayA hai| kAyotsarga ko, jo dhyAna kA hI eka agrima caraNa hai, jaina paramparA meM chaha Avazyaka kartavyoM meM mAnA gayA hai| ata: Avazyaka sUtra para likhI gaI Avazyaka niyukti, Avazyaka cUrNi Adi meM isa saMbaMdha meM vistRta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| Avazyaka sUtra para aneka TIkAyeM likhI gaI haiM, ve sabhI kAyotsarga ke saMbaMdha meM vistAra se prakAza DAlatI haiN| isI prakAra sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga tathA unakI TIkAoM meM bhI dhyAna ke prakAra, lakSaNoM aura AlambanoM Adi kA vistRta varNana milatA hai| AgamoM ke pazcAt AcArya umAsvAti ke tattvArtha sUtra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| umAsvAti ne tattvArtha sUtra ke navama adhyAya meM dhyAna para vizeSa prakAza DAlA hai, yadyapi mUla sUtroM meM jo vivecana hai vaha sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga ke anurUpa hI hai| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA vizeSAvazyaka bhASya yadyapi Sar3Avazyaka kI vivecanA kI dRSTi se hI likhA gayA thA kintu saMyoga se vizeSAvazyaka bhASya sAmAyika kI vivecanA taka hI sImita raha gyaa| saMbhavata: yahI kAraNa rahA hogA ki jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne dhyAna jaise mahattvapUrNa viSaya para alaga se eka grantha kI racanA kI jo dhyAnazataka - jhANAjjhayaNa ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| saMbhavata: dhyAna ke saMbaMdha meM yaha prathama svataMtra racanA hai| jinabhadragaNi ke isa 'dhyAna zataka' yA 'jhANAjjhayaNa' se yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki ve jaina paramparA kI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi ke eka marmajJa sAdhaka evaM vivecaka the| pUjyapAda devanaMdi kA samAdhitaMtra AdhyAtmika anubhUtiyoM kA ajasra srota hai| iSTopadeza meM bhI pUjyapAda ne gaharI DubakiyA~ lagAyI haiN| use par3hane vAlA koI bhI vyakti adhyAtma se tAdAtmya kie binA nahIM raha sktaa| pUjyapAda yogAnubhUti kI paramparA ke Adi srota haiN| AcArya haribhadra sUri ve pahale manISI haiM jinhoMne yoga ko eka svataMtra viSaya ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| unhoMne saMskRta meM yogadRSTisamuccaya, yogabindu tathA prAkRta ~xxxxxxxxxxxxxx. 20 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama Prof meM yogazataka (jogasayaNa) aura yoga - viMzikA ( jogavihANa vIsiyA ) nAmaka grantha likhe| ina granthoM meM aneka prakAra se jainayoga kA bar3A sUkSma vizleSaNa huA hai, phira bhI racanAkAra ko santuSTi prApta na hone se unhoMne pAtaMjala yogasUtra meM varNita yogasAdhanA aura usakI vizeSa paribhASAoM ke sAtha jaina yoga sAdhanA kI tulanA kI hai| 30 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama 'yogabindu' meM yoga kI bhUmikA para vicAra karate hue adhyAtma, bhAvanA, dhyAna, samatA, vRttisaMkSaya ye pA~ca prakAra btaaye| sAtha hI yoga ke adhikArI ke apUrvabandhaka, samyakadRSTi, dezavirati aura sarvavirati ye cAra vibhAga kiye| 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' meM una dvArA nirUpita - AviSkRta mitrA, tArA, balA, dIprA, sthirA, kAMtA, prabhA evaM parA nAmaka ATha yogadRSTiyA~ yoga ke kSetra meM niHsandeha unake maulika ciMtana kI dena haiN| 31 'yogazataka' meM yoga ke nizcaya aura vyavahAra ye do bheda kiye gaye haiM / 'yogaviMzikA' meM dharmasAdhanA ke lie kI jAne vAlI sAdhanA ko yoga kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai aura yoga ke sthAna, UrNa, artha, Alambana aura anAlambana ye pA~ca bheda batalAye haiM / siddha Prefe hue| AcArya haribhadra ke pazcAt AcArya hemacandra isa paramparA meM mIla ke patthara unake dvArA praNIta yogazAstra eka utkRSTa grantha hai| isameM pAtaMjala yogasUtra aSTAMgayoga kI taraha zramaNa evaM zrAvaka jIvana kI AcAra - sAdhanA kA ullekha hai / sAtha hI isameM Asana, prANAyAma Adi kA bhI varNana hai / piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM kA bhI bar3A gambhIra vivecana kiyA gayA hai| piNDastha dhyAna kI unhoMne pArthivI, AgneyI, vAyavI, vAruNI tathA tattvabhU nAmaka pA~ca dhAraNAoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isameM pRthvI, agni, jala, vAyu tathA AtmasvarUpa ke AdhAra para dhyAna karane kA bar3A vilakSaNa vizleSaNa hai / 32 'jJAnArNava' AcArya zubhacandra kI prasiddha racanA hai| isameM prANAyAma aura 30. yogabindu 419-420 31. yogadRSTisamuccaya 21.186 32. yogazAstra 7.10.25 21

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa: prathama dhyAna ke svarUpa aura bheda, piNDastha dhyAna kI dhAraNAoM ke atirikta zivatattva, garur3atattva aura kAmatattva ke rUpa meM dhyAna kA gahana nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| AcArya somadeva sUri ne bhI yoga ke viSaya meM yogamArga grantha likhA hai| yazastilakacampU ke 39 veM aura 40 veM kalpa meM bhI unhoMne yogaviSayaka carcA prazasta paddhati se kI hai| AcArya bhAskaranandi ne apanI laghukRti 'dhyAnastava' meM dhyAna kA suvyavasthita va kramabaddha varNana kiyA hai| AcArya sakalacandra ne 'dhyAna dIpikA' kI racanA kI hai lekina isa grantha ke parizIlana aura paryavekSaNa se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha eka saMkalanAtmaka grantha hai| isameM jo arddhamAgadhI kI gAthAe~ AyI haiM ve adhikAMzata: AcArya haribhadrasUri racita yogazataka se lI gaI haiN| saMskRta ke katipaya zloka AcArya zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava va hemacandra ke yogazAstra se uddhRta haiN| isa grantha meM dhyAna kI Avazyaka bhUmikA ke rUpa meM jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura vairAgya bhAvanAoM kA varNana hai| tatpazcAt anityAdi dvAdaza bhAvanAoM kA vivecana hai| jaina sAhitya meM yogapradIpa nAmaka kRti suprasiddha hai| isa laghu kRti meM racayitA ne yoga jaise gaMbhIra viSaya para saMkSepa meM jo prakAza DAlA hai vaha vAstava meM gAgara-meMsAgara bharane jaisA upakrama hai| yaha sArabhUta saMgrAhaka kRti hai| isakA mukhya viSaya AtmasvarUpa kA darzana yA sAkSAtkAra hai| AtmA apane zuddha paramAtmabhAva ke rUpa meM kisa prakAra pariNata ho sakatI hai tathA kaise sarvasaMkalpavarjita paramAtmapada ko prApta kara sakatI hai isa viSaya kA prastuta kRti meM vizeSa rUpa se nirUpaNa huA hai| upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI ne adhyAtmasAra, adhyAtmopaniSad, yogAvatArabattIsI, pAtaMjalayogasUtravRttiH, yogaviMzikA TIkA, yogadRSTi kI sajjhAya Adi granthoM kA praNayana kiyaa| adhyAtmasAra meM jaina paramparA meM vizruta dhyAna ke vividha bhedoM kA samanvayAtmaka varNana hai| adhyAtmopaniSad meM yogavAsiSTha aura taittirIya upaniSad ke mahattvapUrNa uddharaNa dekara jaina darzana ke sAtha tulanA kI gayI hai| yogAvatArabattIsI meM pAtaMjalayogasUtra meM jo yogasAdhanA kA varNana hai, usakA jainadRSTi se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| unhoMne jaina dRSTi se pAtaMjala yogasUtra para bhI eka laghuvRtti likhI hai| adhyAtmayogI Anandaghana kRta 'caubIsI va unake sphuTa padoM meM tathA yogirAja zrImad ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 22 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama rAjacandra ke sAhitya meM bhI dhyAna saMbaMdhI tattvoM para cintana kiyA gayA hai| AcArya tulasI ke 'manonuzAsanam' meM jaina yoga kA eka nayI zailI se pratipAdana huA hai| __vartamAna meM pracalita vipazyanA dhyAnasAdhanA, prekSAdhyAna sAdhanA, samIkSaNa dhyAnasAdhanA, dhyAnayoga va dhyAnamudrA para bhI agrima adhyAyoM meM vistRta carcA kreNge| brAhmaNa saMskRti sAMskRtika dRSTi se bhArata meM mukhya rUpa se do dhArAe~ saMpravAhita huIM, jinheM brAhmaNa aura zramaNa ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| brAhmaNa zabda apane mUla artha meM jAtivAcaka nahIM hai| yaha brahma se sambaddha hai| brahma zabda kA prArambhika artha yajJa hai, yajJa kA saMbaMdha vedoM se hai| yajJa saMbaMdhI vaidika karmakANDa se jaba mAnava mana ko saMtoSa nahIM milA to usane vedAMta kA vikAsa kiyA aura brahma zabda ko usa paramasattA se jor3A jo sampUrNa astitva ke mUla meM nihita hai| veda kA artha anubhUti yA jJAna hai| vedoM se hI vedAnta ke jJAna - mArga kA vikAsa huaa| isa prakAra karmakANDa jJAnamArga meM rUpAntarita huA aura kahA gayA 'Rte jJAnAt na muktiH ' jJAna ke binA mukti nahIM hotii| vedAnta kA yahI mukhya svara hai| kahA gayA hai - zlokArthena pravakSyAmi yaduktaM grnthkottibhiH| brahma satyaM jaganmithyA, jIvo brahmaiva naaprH|| isa zloka kA Azaya yaha hai ki brahma, jIva tathA avidyA yA mAyA mukhyata: ye tIna tattva haiN| brahma parAtpara, parama jyotirmaya, zaktimaya, Anandamaya sarva vyApaka tattva hai| jIva vAstava meM brahma hI hai, kintu avidyA ke kAraNa vaha apane ko pRthak mAnatA hai| vedAnta meM eka udAharaNa diyA gayA hai - aMdhakAra kA samaya hai| eka vyakti mArga para cala rahA hai, mArga meM eka rassI par3I hai, use ThIka-ThIka dikhAI na dene ke kAraNa vaha sarpa pratIta hotI hai| usake kadama vahIM ruka jAte haiN| vaha sarpa ke bhaya se ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 23 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA Age nahIM bddh'taa| jyoMhI a~dherA miTa jAtA hai, prakAza ho jAtA hai use sApha-sApha yaha dikhAI dene lagatA hai ki vaha to bhramavaza rassI ko sA~pa samajha rahA thaa| vaha jhaTa se Age bar3ha jAtA hai| yahI bAta jIva ke lie hai| jisa prakAra rajju meM sarpa kI bhrAnti miTa jAne para pathika Age kI ora bar3hane lagatA hai usI prakAra avidyA, ajJAna ke miTane para jIva kA apane ko brahma se bhinna mAnane kA bhrama dUra ho jAtA hai aura vaha usa ora bar3hane lagatA hai / aisA kahA jAtA hai ki jahA~ vyakti ko kisI viSaya kA yathArtha bodha ho jAtA hai to anivAryataH usakI kriyA tadanurUpa bana jAtI hai, anyathA vaha jJAna kevala kathana yA bhASA taka hI sImita hotA hai, antarAtmA ko nahIM chUtA hai / jo AtmA ko, Atmika vikAsa ko, AdhyAtmika sukha ko parama zreyaskara jAne, mAne, para yadi usake dainaMdina kriyAkalApa meM bhautika sukha-samRddhi kI vAMchanIyatA kA udyama dikhAI de to usakA AdhyAtmika jJAna kathanI se Age nahIM jaataa| jJAna kI sArthakatA isI meM hai ki vaha kriyAnvita bhI ho / ataH usase bhI eka sAdhanA vidhi kA vikAsa huaa| W vaidika paramparA meM dhyAna vidhi khaNDa : prathama zramaNa paramparA kI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi se vaidika paramparA bhI aprabhAvita nahIM rhii| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina Adi kucha vidvAnoM kA to yahA~ taka mAnanA hai ki jisa paramparA kA mUla utsa upaniSadoM meM hai ve upaniSad mUlataH zramaNa paramparA ke hI grantha haiM aura zramaNa aura vaidika paramparA ke adhikAdhika samanvita rUpa haiM / kaThopaniSad meM kahA gayA hai ki yaha AtmA satya, tapa, samyak jJAna aura brahmacarya se prApta hotI hai| isa zarIra ke antargata jo jyotirmaya zuddha Atma tattva rahA huA hai usako kSINadoSa arthAt - vikalpa aura vAsanAoM se rahita citta vAle yatigaNa prApta karate haiN| satyena tapasA labhyazca eSa AtmA samyagjJAnena brahmacaryeNa nityaM, antaH zarIre jyotirmayo hi zubhro yaM pazyanti yatayaH kSINadoSAH / isa prakAra upaniSad kAla se hI hindU paramparA meM jisa sAdhanAvidhi kA vikAsa huA vaha kisI na kisI rUpa meM zramaNadhArA se prabhAvita hai| bhAratIya zramaNa dhArA 24

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khaNDa: prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kA vaiziSTya yaha rahA hai ki usane bAhya kriyAkANDoM ke sthAna para AdhyAtmika vizuddhi hetu jisa tapa aura dhyAna sAdhanA kA vikAsa kiyA thA, ve tattva hindU paramparA meM bhI yathAvat svIkRta rahe haiN| rUpa meM vedoM, vaidika paramparA meM adhyAtma aura jJAna mArga ke prastotA ke brAhmaNa granthoM aura AraNyakoM ke bAda upaniSadoM kA krama AtA hai| vedoM meM spaSTa rUpa se kisI dhyAna vidhi kA ullekha nahIM milatA, yadyapi aneka sthAnoM para unameM yoga zabda kA ullekha huA hai; kintu yoga zabda sarvatra hI yogasAdhanA yA dhyAnasAdhanA kA sUcaka ho, aisA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / aneka saMdarbhoM meM yoga zabda yukti yA jor3a ke artha meM AyA hai| kucha veda maMtra avazya aise haiM jinameM yoga zabda sAdhanA kA vAcaka pratIta hotA hai| kucha prasaMgoM meM cittavRttiyoM kI ekAgratA athavA unheM antarmukhI banAne kI prArthanA ke rUpa meM bhI yoga zabda prayukta huA hai 1 sAmAnyatayA veda mUla meM karmakANDaparaka hI adhika rahe haiM / brAhmaNa grantha bhI mUlata: yajJa-yAga saMbaMdhI karmakANDoM se bhare hue haiN| AraNyakoM meM antarmukhI sAdhanA ke kucha sUtra avazya upalabdha hote haiN| inakA vAstavika artha meM vikAsa upaniSadoM meM hI dekhA jAtA hai| upaniSadoM ko hama kAlakrama ke AdhAra para do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate haiN| prAcIna upaniSad aura paravartI upaniSad / yadyapi prAcIna upaniSadoM yathA Iza, kena, kaMTha, muNDaka, bRhadAraNyaka, taittirIya, etareya, chAndogya, zveta Adi meM adhyAtmaparaka aneka sUtra upalabdha hote haiM, phira bhI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kA spaSTa ullekha kahIM bhI prApta nahIM hotaa| ye upaniSad mUlataH indriya - nigraha evaM manonigraha, AtmAnubhUti evaM AtmasvarUpa Adi kI carcA taka hI sImita haiN| phira bhI indriya aura mana se Upara uThakara AtmAnubhUti kI dizA meM jo sAdhanAparaka saMdarbha inameM upalabdha haiM ve kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM dhyAnasAdhanA se saMbaMdhita mAne jA sakate haiN| prAcIna upaniSadoM meM chAndogyopaniSad meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki hRdaya kI eka sau eka nAr3iyA~ haiM unameM se eka mastaka kI ora jAtI hai| usake dvArA Upara kI ora jAne vAlA jIva amaratva ko prApta hotA hai| zeSa nAr3iyA~ utkramaNa kA kAraNa hotI haiN| 33 isa prasaMga meM aisA pratIta hotA hai ki upaniSad kAla meM cittavRttiyoM ko ekAgra 33. chAndogyopaniSad 8.6.6 25

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ karane ke rUpa meM dhyAna kI koI prakriyA rahI hogii| 'chAndogya' kA uparyukta prasaMga kahIM-na-kahIM SaTcakra kA bhedana karate hue brahmarandha meM sthita hone kI bAta avazya karatA hai| prAcIna upaniSadoM meM zvetAzvataropaniSad aisA upaniSad hai jisameM dhyAna sAdhanA ke spaSTa ullekha upalabdha haiN| usake prathama adhyAya ke 14veM zloka meM kahA gayA hai ki apane deva ko araNi aura praNava uttarAgni karake dhyAnarUpa manthana ke abhyAsa se gUr3ha rUpa se rahe hue paramAtmA ko dekheN| isI prakAra dvitIya adhyAya ke AThaveM-nauveM zloka meM dhyAna sAdhanA kI eka samagra vidhi kA nirdezana huA hai| unameM kahA gayA hai ki sira, grIvA aura vakSasthala ina tInoM ko unnata rakhate hue zarIra ko sIdhA rakhakara mana ke dvArA indriyoM ko hRdaya meM sanniviSTa kara vidvAn oMkAra rUpa naukA ke dvArA sampUrNa pravAhoM ko pAra kara jAtA hai| isa prakAra upaniSadoM meM zvetAzvataropaniSad spaSTa rUpa se na kevala dhyAna kA ullekha karatA hai apitu dhyAnavidhi kA bhI nirdeza karatA hai| paravartI upaniSadoM zIra 'dhyAnabindu upaniSada' eka aisA upaniSad hai jisakI viSayavastu dhyAna se saMbaMdhita hai| isameM na kevala dhyAna kA vivecana huA hai apitu prANAyAma Adi kA bhI vistRta vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| yaha upaniSad yama aura niyama ko chor3akara Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ina chaha aMgoM kA ullekha karatA hai| sAdhanA ke ina chaha aMgoM kA ullekha na kevala dhyAnabiMdUpaniSad meM huA hai apitu amRtanAdopaniSad meM bhI milatA hai| isI prakAra jhUrIyopaniSad meM bhI inhIM SaDAMgoM kA vivecana upalabdha hai| isase aisA lagatA hai ki 34. zvetAzvataropaniSad 1.14 35. vahI, 2.8.9 36. dhyAnabindUpaniSad 41 AsanaM prANanirodha: pratyAhArazca dhaarnnaa| dhyAnaM samAdhiretAni yogAGgAni bhavanti SaT / / 37. amRtanAdopaniSad pratyAhArastathA dhyAnaM praannaayaamo'pdhaarnnaa| tarkazcaiva samAdhizca SaDaGgo yoga ucyte|| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 26 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama pAtaMjala yogasUtra meM jo aSTAMga yoga kA ullekha hai vaha yA to inhIM upaniSadoM kA eka agrima caraNa hai athavA ina upaniSadakAroM ne yama aura niyama ko chor3akara ina . Sar3AMgoM ko hI apanA viSaya banAyA hai| . ina pramukha paravartI upaniSadoM ke atirikta bhI kucha anya upaniSadoM meM dhyAna saMbaMdhI ullekha mila jAte haiM kintu vistAra bhaya se yahA~ una sabakI carcA nahIM kara rahe haiN| upaniSadoM ke pazcAt smRtiyoM kA krama AtA hai| smRtiyoM meM manusmRti aura yAjJavalkya smRti meM dhyAna saMbaMdhI ullekha upalabdha hote haiN| manusmRti meM batAyA gayA hai ki prANAyAma dvArA zArIrika doSoM ko naSTakara dhAraNA ke dvArA pUrvajanmArjita tathA vartamAna taka ke sAre pApoM ko dUra kara denA cAhie tathA pratyAhAra ke dvArA saMyoga yA saMsarga prApta hone para bhI unase dUra rahakara navIna doSa yA kilviSa utpanna nahIM hone denA cAhie aura adhika dera taka dhAraNA-dhyAna sampanna ho jAne para, yogI ke anta:karaNa ke sarvathA zuddha ho jAne para jo jIva ke zeSa bace durguNa hote haiM, ve saba naSTa hokara aizvara arthAt Izvara ke sabhI guNa use prApta ho jAte haiN|38 maharSi kA kathana hai ki citta kI vRttiyoM kA samyak nirodhakara dhyAnayoga ke dvArA sUkSma AtmA ko apane hRdaya ke antargata paramAtmA meM avasthita dekhanA caahie|39 isake lie vedAnta yA Atma tattva kA bAra - bAra zravaNa, manana, cintana aura samAhita hokara dhyAna karanA caahie| sArAMza yaha hai ki zarIra ke antargata paramAtmA ko sthita dekhanA caahie| isake adhika sUkSma svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue maharSi batalAte haiM ki manuSya ke hRdaya ke antargata eka nAr3Ikanda hai, jahA~ se hitAhitasaMjJaka bahattara hajAra choTI-bar3I nAr3iyA~ nikalakara manuSya ke sampUrNa zarIra meM mana, prANa, rakta Adi kA saMcAra karatI haiN| usa nAr3Ikanda ke antargata candramA eka tejomaya maNDala hai, jisake antargata sUkSma jIvAtmA nirvAta dIpazikhA ke samAna sthita hokara sabakA saMcAlana karatA hai| usa prakAzamaya jyotipuJja kA yogI ko nirantara dhyAna karanA caahie| isase dhIre - dhIre dhAraNA, dhyAna evaM samAdhi kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| yoga - sAdhanA dvArA yaha sAkSAtkAra sampanna ho jAne para jIva kramaza: jIvanmukti, videhasthiti aura kaivalya 38. manusmRti 6.72 39. yAjJavalkya smRti 3.4.64 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 27 ~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ prApta kara sarvathA kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai aura usakA saMsAra meM puna: Agamana nahIM hotaa|40 maharSi yAjJavalkya ne yoga sAdhanA ke zArIrika prakAra kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| tadanusAra kisI ekAnta evaM pavitra sthAna meM kuza, mRgacarma aura usake Upara vastra bichAkara padmAsana lagAkara baiThanA caahie| Thor3I ko kaNThakUpa meM sthira kara, jihvA ko ulaTakara tAlu meM sthita kara leM tathA hoThoM ko baMda kara leN| dA~toM kA paraspara sparza na kreN| isa prakAra nizcala baiThakara paiMtAlIsa bAra cuTakI lagAne taka sAdhaka ko pUraka, kumbhaka evaM recaka prANAyAmoM kA abhyAsa karanA caahie| sampUrNa indriyoM ko unake viSayoM se sarvathA muktakara citta ko kahIM bhI anyatra nahIM jAne denA cAhie, isase vaha dhAraNA evaM dhyAna karane meM sakSama ho jAtA hai| sAdhaka ko apane citta ko zuddha AtmA meM sthita karanA cAhie aura hRdaya meM dIpazikhA ke tulya bhagavAna ke nizcala rUpa kA dhyAna karanA caahie| RICERatopati pAtaMjala yoga darzana meM dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi yogasAdhanA kA prAcInatama upalabdha grantha yogasUtra hai| yaha maharSi pataMjali dvArA racita hai, jise unhoMne yoga kA anuzAsana hI mAnA hai| maharSi pataMjali kA yogasUtra samAdhipAda, sAdhanapAda, vibhUtipAda tathA kaivalyapAda nAmaka cAra pAdoM meM vibhakta hai| upaniSadoM meM bhI 'yoga' kA ullekha hai| yathA 'tAM yogamiti manyante sthirAmindriyadhAraNAm' arthAt yoga vahI hai jahA~ indriyA~ sthira rUpa se sAdhaka ke vaza meM ho jAtI haiM, kintu isa viSaya ko eka svataMtra darzana ke rUpa meM sthApita karane kA zreya maharSi pataJjali ko prApta hai| yoga zabda yuj dhAtu se - ghaJ pratyaya hokara niSpanna hotA hai| saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM yuj dhAtu ke do artha haiM - saMyoga (jor3anA) evaM smaadhi| bhAratIya yogadarzana meM yoga zabda donoM arthoM meM prayukta huA hai| prAya: sabhI yogacintakoM ne yoga kA artha samAdhi ke rUpa meM kiyA hai| bauddha 40. vahI, 3.4.108-109 41. rudhAdigaNI, 'yuj' dhAtu, yujirayoge, siddhAntakaumudI (rudhAdigaNa) 42. divAdigaNI, 'yuj' yuj samAdhizcittavRttinirodha: siddhAnta kaumudI (divAdigaNa) ~~~~~~~~~~~~-~~ 28 cmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama vicArakoM ne bhI yoga kA artha samAdhi grahaNa kiyA hai| maharSi pataMjali ne yoga kA artha samAdhi kiyA hai arthAt cittavRtti kA nirodha hI yoga hai|43 inake grantha meM yoga ke ATha aMgoM - yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi kA nirvacana upalabdha hai| inameM prathama pA~ca bahiraMga tathA antima tIna antaraGga sAdhana kahe gaye haiN| bahiraMga sAdhana yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma aura pratyAhAra kI sahAyatA se aMtaraMga sAdhana dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi dvArA niruddha citta meM apane vAstavika svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| dhAraNA, dhyAna evaM samAdhi ina tIna yogAMgoM kA atyadhika mahattva isalie hai ki sAdhaka yA yogI inhIM ke sahAre daihika bhAva se chUTatA huA uttarottara AtmotkarSa yA AdhyAtmika abhyudaya kI unnata bhUmikA para ArUr3ha hotA jAtA hai| pataMjali ne dhAraNA kA lakSaNa karate hue kahA hai - AkAza, sUrya, candra Adi deha ke bAharI deza sthAna haiM tathA hRtkamala, nAbhicakra Adi bhItarI dezasthAna haiN| inameM se kisI eka deza meM cittavRtti lagAnA dhAraNA hai|14| bhASyakAra vyAsa dezabandha ke saMbaMdha meM likhate haiM - nAbhicakra, hRdayakamala, mastaka, jyotipuMja, nAsikAgra, jihvAgra Adi sthAnoM para yA kisI bAhya viSaya para cittavRtti kA TikAva dhAraNA hai|45 vyAsa ne apane bhASya meM cittabandha ke jo AdhAra batalAye haiM, unameM nAbhicakra aura hRdayakamala abhyantara AdhAra haiN| ye deha ke bhItara sthita haiN| mastaka, nAsikA kA agrabhAga tathA jihvA kA agrabhAga ye dehagata bAhya AdhAra haiN| sUrya, candra Adi prakAzapuMja dehAtirikta bAhya AdhAra haiN| niSkarSa yaha hai ki citta ko kisI eka dhyeya para ekAgra karanA hI dhAraNA hai aura yogasAdhanA kI dRSTi se yaha Avazyaka tattva hai, kyoMki ekAgratA ke abhAva 43. pAtaMjala yogadarzana 1.2 44. vahI 45. vyAsa bhASya pR. 277 46. (ka) sadRSTi dvAtriMzikA 24.18 (kha) dvA. dvA. patra saMkhyA 149 cittasya dhAraNAdeze prtyysyaiktaantaa| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 29 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama meM samAdhi kI pUrNatA prApta nahIM ho sktii| pataMjali ne dhyAna kA lakSaNa batAte hue likhA hai - "tatra pratyayaikatAnatA dhyAnam"47 usa deza vizeSa meM, jisameM sAdhaka ne dhAraNA ko siddha kiyA hai, citta kA nirantara sadRzapravAha hI dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| ekatAnatA se tAtparya hai citta kI ekAgratA, aisA vAcaspati mizra kA mata hai8, bhASyakAra ne bhI vRttyantara se abAdhita sadRza pravAha ko hI dhyAna mAnA hai|49 jisa prakAra dhyAnAvasthA meM citta kI pUrNa ekAgratA dhAraNA para vijaya prApta kiye binA asaMbhava batAyI gayI hai usI prakAra antima yogAMga samAdhi ke lie dhyAna para vijaya prApta karanA bhI sAdhaka ke lie anivArya hai| pAtaMjala yoga meM vyAkhyAta dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi kA jainayogasammata dhyAna meM samAveza ho jAtA hai| citta kI ekarUpatA /ekAgratA / sthiratA hetu citta kI samasta vRttiyoM kA nirodha apekSita hai| vRttiyoM ke prakAroM ke bAre meM yogasUtra meM ullekha hai| (vRttayaH paJcatavya: kliSTAkliSTAH) vRttiyA~ pA~ca prakAra kI hotI haiM, inameM koI kliSTa hotI haiM, jaise rAga-dveSAdi aura jo avidyA Adi pA~coM klezoM kI nAzaka aura guNAdhikAra kI virodhI viveka khyAtirUpa vRtti hotI hai, vaha akliSTa kahalAtI hai| pA~ca vRttiyoM ke nAma haiM 50 pramANa, viparyaya, vikalpa, nidrA aura smRti| jinake dvArA manuSya aneka prakAra kA jJAna arjita karatA hai, ve pramANa haiN| pratyakSa, anumAna, zabda Adi pramANa kahalAte haiN| mithyAjJAna viparyaya kahalAtA hai| vividha kalpanAoM ko vikalpa kahA jAtA hai| nIMda nidrA hai tathA smRti smaraNa hai, jo pramANAdi cAroM vRttiyoM se prabhAvita rahatI haiN|1 ina vRttiyoM ke atirikta avidyA, asmitA, rAga, dveSa, abhiniveza Adi pA~ca klezoM ke nirodha kA bhI varNana 47. yogasUtra 3.2 48. ekatAnataikAgratA tattvavaizAradI pR. 279 49. vyAsa bhASya pR. 279 (sadRza: pravAha: pratyayAnteNa parAmRSTo dhyaanm|) 50. pAtaMjalayogadarzana 1.6 51. vahI, 1.10 ~~~~~~~ 30 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama kiyA gayA hai 152 haiM samasta vRttiyoM aura klezoM ke nirodha ke lie yahA~ do sAdhana vyavahRta hue abhyAsa aura vairAgya / 3 vairAgya dazA meM bhI kabhI mana bahirmukhI ho sakatA hai, kintu nirantara abhyAsa se vaha antarmukhatA kI ora mur3a jAtA hai| 54 mana kI sthiratA kA bAra-bAra prayAsa abhyAsa" tathA laukika-alaukika viSayoM ke prati mamatva kA na honA vastuta: vairAgya kahalAtA hai| 56 55 dhyAna prakriyA se abhyAsa aura vairAgya sadhatA hai| vAstava meM, viSayI mana ko nirviSaya banAnA dhyAna kI uccatama avasthA hai| 57 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama vaha dhyAna hI samAdhi ho jAtA hai, usa samaya kevala dhyeya svarUpa kA hI bhAna hotA hai aura apanI vRttiyoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| dhyAna karate-karate jaba yogI kA citta dhyeyAkAra ko prApta ho jAtA hai aura vaha svayaM bhI dhyeya meM tanmaya - sA bana jAtA hai, dhyeya se bhinna apane Apa kA jJAna use nahIM - -sA raha jAtA hai, usa sthiti kA nAma samAdhi hai|58 dhyAna meM dhyAtA, dhyAna aura dhyeya yaha tripuTI rahatI hai| samAdhi meM kevala dhyeya vastu hI rahatI hai arthAt dhyAtA, dhyAna, dhyeya ina tInoM kI ekatA sI ho jAtI hai I - dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi meM paraspara itanA hI bheda samajhanA cAhie ki do ghaNTe paryanta dhyeya rUpa viSaya meM cittavRtti ko lagAe rakhanA dhAraNA, caubIsa ghaNTe paryanta ekatAna citta se dhyeya kA cintana karanA dhyAna tathA dvAdaza dina paryanta nirantara dhyAna ko dhyeyAkAra kara denA samAdhi kahI jAtI hai| yahI bAta skanda purANa meM bhI kahI gaI hai " pA~ca nAr3ikA (ghaTikA ) kAla paryanta cittavRtti kI sthiti dhAraNA, 60 nAr3ikA 52. vahI, 1.11 53. vahI, 1.12 54. bhagavad gItA 6.35 55. (ka) pAtaMjala yogasUtra 1.13, (kha) yogavAsiSTha 6.2/67/43 56. vahI, 1.15 57. sAMkhyadarzana 6.25 ( maharSi kapila ) 58. pAtaMjala yogadarzana 3.3 59. skanda purANa - dhAraNA paJcanADIkA, dhyAnaM syAt SaSTinADikam / dinadvAdazakenaiva, samAdhirabhidhIyate // 31

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA kAla paryanta cittavRtti kI sthiti dhyAna tathA dvAdaza dina paryanta cittavRtti kI sthiti samAdhi kahI jAtI hai / bAraha dina paryanta jo cittavRtti kI ekAgratA rUpa samAdhi hai, vaha pUrNa samAdhi hai / yogaparamparA viSayaka brahmavijJAna nAmaka grantha meM tripuTI ke vizleSaNa meM kahA gayA hai ki lagAtAra eka hI viSaya ko ananyamanaska bhAva se dekhanA dhAraNA hai| dhAraNA kA kAla DhAI ghaMTA rahatA hai / jaba citta abAdha gati se ekadeza uparAnta bhI sthira rahatA hai to dhyAna Arambha ho jAtA hai; jaba ananya viSayaka citta chaha ghaMTe taka abAdha gati se sthira rahe to usakI dhyAna saMjJA banatI hai| isake Age samAdhi prAraMbha hotI hai jisameM abhyAsI svarUpazUnya ho jAtA hai aura kevala dhyeya artha hI bhAsita hotA hai / yaha sthiti bAraha ghaMTe banI rahe taba usakI samAdhi saMjJA hotI hai| 60 yahA~ chaha ghaMTe taka abAdhita gati se dhyAna ke rUpa meM mana ke sthira rahane kA jo kathana kiyA gayA hai, vaha vicAraNIya hai / abAdhagati kA tAtparya yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki dhyAna kA sAtatya yA nairantarya chaha ghaMTe taka avicchinna rUpa meM banA rahatA hai to yaha jainayoga meM svIkRta dhyAna - kAla se saMgata nahIM hotA kyoMki vahA~ usakA anavacchinna kAla antarmuhUrta mAnA gayA hai| abAdhagati kA eka tAtparya yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki dhyAnayogI svIkRta dhyAna kI eka dhArA ke TUTate hI tatkAla naye rUpa meM punaH dhyAna prAraMbha kara detA hai / yoM prati antarmuhUrta ke pazcAt isa krama ke calate rahane meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI, bAhya dRSTi se vahA~ dhyAtA kI dhyAna gati abAdhita hI parilakSita hotI hai / antarvRtti sUkSma dhyAna krama kI bhagnatA to svAnubhUti gamya hai| yadi mana kI caMcalatA ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue socA jAya to yaha saMbhava nahIM lagatA ki bIca-bIca meM TUTe binA chaha ghaMTe taka ekatAnatA ke rUpa meM dhyAna sthiti pA sake / kintu uttarottara TUTate - jur3ate jAte dhyAna ke tAne-bAne ke AdhAra para vaha dIrghakAla vyApI bhI ho sakatA hai| sAdhanAkrama kI dRSTi se samAdhi kI do avasthAe~ sthira kI gayI haiM - samprajJAta samAdhi aura asamprajJAta samAdhi 1 / jisa samAdhi ke dvArA saMzaya viparyayAdi se rahita 60. brahmavijJAna pR. 878 61. yogasUtra. 1.17.18 khaNDa : prathama 32 Pdf

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama bhAjya (Izvara aura paccIsa tattva) kA svarUpa jAnA jAtA hai use samprajJAta samAdhi aura jisameM kisI jJeya kA jJAna nahIM hotA use asamprajJAta samAdhi kahA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM unheM krama se sabIja samAdhi aura nirbIja 2 samAdhi bhI kahA gayA hai| samprajJAta samAdhi ke cAra bheda haiM - savitarka, savicAra, sAnanda aura sasmita / jaba sthUla mahAbhUtoM aura indriyoM ko viSayarUpa se grahaNa karake pUrvApara ke anusaMdhAnapUrvaka zabda va artha ke ullekhabheda ke sAtha bhAvanA kI jAtI hai taba savitarka samAdhi hotI hai| isI Alambana meM jaba pUrvApara ke anusaMdhAna aura zabdollekha ke binA bhAvanA pravRtta hotI hai taba nirvitarka samAdhi hotI hai| jahA~ dhyeya padArtha sUkSma ho vahA~ ukta donoM kI saMjJA savicAra aura nirvicAra samAdhi hai| nirbIja samAdhi meM samasta kleza-karmoM ke bIja naSTa ho jAte haiN| isa avasthA taka pahu~cate - pahu~cate sAdhaka kI samasta vRttiyoM kA pUrNa rUpa se nirodha ho jAtA hai, phalasvarUpa usakA citta zAMta, nizcala aura nispRha hotA hai| cittavRtti ke nirodha se draSTA/AtmA apane svarUpa meM sthita ho jAtA hai|63 dhyAna kI parama sthiti ko prApta ho jAtA hai| ___maharSi pataMjali ne samprajJAta aura asamprajJAta dvividha samAdhi ko yoga meM parigaNita kiyA hai64 isI dRSTi se 'cittavRtti nirodha' yaha yoga kA lakSaNa kiyA hai| samprajJAta yoga meM katipaya cittavRttiyA~ hotI haiM tathA asamprajJAta meM cittavRttiyoM kA sarvathA nirodha ho jAtA hai| ubhayavidha yoga meM yoga ke lakSaNa ke samanvaya hetu sUtra meM sarva pada kA samAveza sUtrakAra ne nahIM kiyA hai| bhASyakAra vyAsa ke anusAra asamprajJAta samAdhi meM sarva cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha ho jAtA hai tathApi samprajJAta samAdhi meM viveka-khyAtirUpa sAtvika vRtti vidyamAna rahatI hai, ata: bhASyakAra ne "sarvazabda kA grahaNa sUtra meM na hone se samprajJAta bhI yoga hai, 62. sabIja aura nirbIja dhyAna kA ullekha upAsakAdhyayana (622-23) meM bhI huA hai| 63. yogasUtra 1.3 64. yogasUtra, 1.17, 18, 46. 51 ~~~~~~~~~~~ 33 ~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama aisA nirdeza kiyA hai|65 ekAgra evaM niruddha bhUmigata vRttinirodha hI yoga hai| citta kI pratyeka bhUmigata vRtti nirodha nahIM hai| niruddha bhUmigata vRttinirodha, vRttiyoM kA pUrNa nirodha hone se asamprajJAta samAdhi kA sAkSAt sAdhana hone se yoga hI hai, tathApi ekAgra bhUmigata vRttinirodha kI kAraNatA ko spaSTa karate hue vyAsa likhate haiM, yatacitta meM sadbhUta padArtha (arthAt dhyeya) ko pradyotita karane se, klezoM ko kSINa karane se, karmoM ke bandhana arthAt karmAzaya ko zithila karane se tathA asamprajJAta samAdhi meM bhI sahAyaka banane se samprajJAta yoga kahA jA sakatA hai|00 vAcaspati mizra yoga ke virodhI tattvoM-kleza evaM vipAkAzaya ko utpanna karane vAlI citta kI vRttiyoM ke nirodha ko yoga mAnate haiN| aisA mAnane se samprajJAta tathA asamprajJAta donoM samAdhiyoga zabda meM parigaNita hote haiN| bhojadeva ne apanI vRtti rAjamArtaNDa meM citta kI ekAgra avasthA meM bahirvRtti nirodha hone se ise yoga mAnA hai tathA niruddha bhUmi meM sarvavRttiyoM aura saMskAroM kA laya hone se yoga kI saMbhAvanA vyakta kI hai| donoM hI bhUmiyoM meM citta kA ekAgratA rUpa pariNAma rahatA hai| vijJAnabhikSu 'yogalakSaNa' ke isa sUtra ke sAtha agrima sUtra ko sammilita kara artha karate haiN| unake anusAra citta kI vRttiyoM kA nirodha jo draSTA ko vAstavika svarUpa meM avasthita karAne kA hetu ho, vahI yoga kahA jA sakatA hai, anya nahIM,69 isa prakAra samprajJAta aura asamprajJAta donoM samAdhiyoM kA antarbhAva sUtragata yoga zabda meM ho jAtA hai| isa sAdhanA paddhati ke sAta aMga batAye gaye haiN| SaSTa karma, Asana, mudrA, pratyAhAra, prANAyAma, dhyAna aura smaadhi| gheraNDa saMhitA aura haThayoga pradIpikA 65. vyAsa bhASya, 1.2 pR. 9 66. vahI, 1.1 pR. 1 67. tattvavaizAradI, 1.2 pR. 10 68. bhojavRtti, 1.2 pR. 3 69. yogavArttika 1.2, pR. 13 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, 34 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama haThayoga ke pramukha grantha haiN| __ haThayoga meM ir3A, piMgalA, suSumnA, gAMdhArI, hastajihvA, pUSA, yazasvinI, alambuSA, kuhu tathA zaMkhinI Adi kA ullekha hai| . caurAsI Asana siddhi prApta karane meM vizeSa sahAyaka mAne gaye haiN| unameM bhI siddhAsana, padmAsana, bhadrAsana, vajrAsana, svastikAsana, siMhAsana, gomukhAsana, vIrAsana, matsyAsana, mayUrAsana, kukkuTAsana, garur3Asana Adi pramukha haiN|| haThayoga meM nAr3Izuddhi ke lie prANAyAma kA mahattva bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| jaina paramparA meM haThayoga ko vizeSa mahattva nahIM diyA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki haThayoga ke dvArA kiyA gayA niyantraNa na to sthAyI lAbha detA hai aura na hI isase Atmazuddhi hotI hai| mukti kI prApti meM bhI isakA mahattva svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| zrImadbhagavadgItA meM dhyAnayoga bhAratIya vAGmaya meM zrImadbhagavadgItA kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| 'gItA' mahAbhArata yuddha ke maidAna meM upadiSTa yogaviSayaka grantha hai| yuddha ke prAMgaNa meM zrIkRSNa arjuna ko prerita karate hue kahate haiM ki "tasmAd yogI bhavArjuna" arthAt he arjuna ! tuma yogI bno| jaba apane yuddhonmukha suhajjanoM ko dekhakara arjuna kA hRdaya vyathita ho uThatA hai taba zrIkRSNa ne dayArdra hRdaya va azrupUrNa netroM se yukta viSaNNavadana arjuna ko yuddha ke lie prerita karate hue jo AdhyAtmika upadeza diyA, vaha gItA kA pramukha abhidhyeya rahA hai| zrIkRSNa arjuna ko yogI banAnA cAhate haiM ata: ve arjuna se kahate haiM - "tasmAda yogI bhvaarjun| arthAt tuma yogI bno|72 gItA meM yoga kA vibhinna pakSoM meM ullekha haA hai| usameM yoga kA svara kabhI karma ke sAtha, kabhI bhakti ke sAtha aura kabhI jJAna ke sAtha sunAI detA hai|73 70. gorakSa saMhitA 26-27 71. gheraNDa saMhitA 3. 3-6 72. zrImad bhagavadgItA 6.46 73. gItA rahasya (paM. bAlagaMgAdharatilaka) bhAga do kI zabda suucii| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 35 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa: prathama gItA ke sabhI adhyAyoM meM yoga kI carcA huI hai kintu chaThe adhyAya meM vizeSa rUpa se yoga aura yogI ke svarUpa para cintana huA hai| gItA meM sthitaprajJa ke svarUpa kA vizleSaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki he pArtha ! manuSya jaba manogata saba icchAoM ko tyAgakara apane Apa apane meM hI santuSTa hotA hai taba use sthitaprajJa kahA jAtA hai| sthita-prajJa muni du:khoM meM udvigna na hokara sukha kI ora ni:spRhatA rakhatA huA rAga, bhaya aura krodha se rahita hotA hai| Age vahA~ aura bhI kahA gayA hai ki viSayoM kA cintana karane vAle puruSa kI una viSayoM meM Asakti ho jAtI hai, Asakti se una viSayoM kI kAmanA utpanna hotI hai aura kAma se krodha, krodha se mUr3ha bhAva, mUr3ha bhAva se smRti vibhrama, smRti vibhrama se buddhi arthAt jJAna zakti kA nAza ho jAtA hai aura buddhinAza se vaha svayaM naSTa ho jAtA hai| chaThe adhyAya meM yoga ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue pahale se naveM zloka taka karmayoga kA varNana huA hai| vahA~ batAyA hai ki jo samatA karmayoga se prApta hotI hai, vahI samatA dhyAnayoga se bhI prApta hotI hai| dhyAnayoga kI preraNA dete hue kahA gayA hai ki mana aura indriyoM ko niyantrita karake AzA aura parigraha se rahita hote hue ekAnta sthAna meM akele sthita hokara Atmacintana karanA caahie| yathAyogya AhAra-vihAra aura karmoM meM ucita pravRtti karane vAle aura yathAyogya zayana tathA jAgRta rahane vAle vyakti ke du:khoM kA nAza karane vAlA yoga hotA hai| jisa samaya svAdhIna huA citta AtmA meM hI avasthita hotA hai taba samasta kAmanAo kI ora se ni:spRha ho jAne para usa yogI ko yoga se yukta kahA jAtA hai|6 __ dhyAnayogI apane dvArA apane Apa meM sukha kA anubhava karatA hai aura isa sukha meM sthita huA vaha kabhI kiJcit mAtra bhI vicalita nahIM hotA hai| jisa sukha ko pAkara usase adhika dUsarA kucha bhI lAbha nahIM mAnatA aura paramAtma prApti rUpa jisa avasthA meM sthita yogI bar3e bhArI duHkha se bhI calAyamAna nahIM hotA7 usakA 74. gItA, 2, 55-56 75. vahI, 2.62, 63 76. vahI, 6. 17-20 77. vahI, 6.21-22 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 36 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama nAma yoga hai| vaha samasta du:khoM kA nAzaka hai, aisA jAnakara yogI ko virakta citta se usameM saMlagna honA caahie| saMkalpa se utpanna hone vAlI sampUrNa kAmanAoM kA pUrNarUpa se tyAga karake mana se indriyasamUha ko niyantrita karake, dhairyapUrvaka saMsAra se dhIre-dhIre uparata hotA huA mana ko AtmasvarUpa meM sthira karatA hai, phira kucha bhI cintana nahIM karatA hai| yadi mana asthira hai phira viSayoM meM caMcala huA hai to use rokakara paramAtmA meM hI niruddha kreN|78 sarvavyApI ananta cetana meM ekIbhAva meM sthiti rUpa yoga se yukta AtmA vAlA tathA sabako samabhAva se dekhane vAlA yogI AtmA ko sampUrNa bhUtoM meM sthita aura sampUrNa bhUtoM ko apane svarUpa meM sthita dekhatA hai| jo samabhAva meM sthita hokara rAgadveSAdi se zUnya, pUre vizva meM apanI AtmA ke samAna hI sabake sukha-duHkha kI bhAvanA karatA hai aura sarvatra paramAtmA ko nirantara dekhatA hai vahI sarvazreSTha yogI hai|'' dhyAnI yogI kauna ho sakatA hai, isake lie gItA ke 18veM adhyAya meM spaSTa vivecana hai - vizuddha buddhi se yukta, sAtvika aura niyamita bhojana karane vAlA, zabdAdi viSayoM kA tyAga karane vAlA, ekAnta deza kA sevana karane vAlA, sAtvika dhAraNA zakti ke dvArA anta:karaNa aura indriyoM kA saMyama karake mana, vANI aura zarIra ko vaza meM karane vAlA, ahaMkAra, bala, ghamaMDa, kAma - krodha aura parigraha kA tyAga karane vAlA, mamatA rahita zAntiyukta, dhyAna yoga meM parAyaNa puruSa, saccidAnanda brahman (AtmA) meM abhinna bhAva se sthita hone kA pAtra hotA hai|80 zrImadbhagavadgItA pavitra evaM prabhAvazAlI grantha hai| isameM pada-pada para yoga ke dvArA bhagavatsAkSAtkAra kA hI Ananda prApta hotA dikhatA hai| isameM dhyAna vidhi kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki zuddha evaM pavitra bhUmi para Asana sthApita kara usake Upara baiThakara citta aura indriyoM kI kriyAoM ko vaza meM rakhate hae mana ko ekAgra karake anta:karaNa kI zuddhi ke lie yoga kA abhyAsa kre| yoga meM sthira hokara, 78. vahI, 6.23-26 79. vahI, 6.29-30 80. vahI, 18, 51-53

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA sthiratApUrvaka kAyA, sira aura grIvA ko sIdhe acala dhAraNa karake anya dizAoM ko dekhate hue apanI nAsikA ke agrabhAga para dRSTi rakhe 181 na yogavAziSTha meM dhyAnayoga maharSi vaziSTha ne bhagavAna zrIrAma ko yoga kA jo upadeza kiyA thA vaha sabhI yogazAstroM meM advitIya hai, usakA saMgraha maharSi vAlmIki ne 'mahArAmAyaNa' nAma se kiyA aura vahI yogavAziSTha ke nAma se prasiddha huA / yaha bhAratIya darzanazAstra aura adhyAtmavidyA kA sarvottama ucca koTi kA grantha hai / isa grantha meM AdyopAnta yoga jJAna ke sabhI aMgoM kA vistAra se varNana huA hai, kintu upazama prakaraNa ke chattIsaveM sarga dhyAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ dhyAna ke paryAya rUpa meM samAdhi kA pratipAdana huA hai| buddhi, ahaMkAra, citta, karma, kalpanA, smRti, vAsanA, indriyA~, deha padArtha Adi ko mana ke rUpa meM hI mAnA gayA hai| 82 - samAdhi kA lakSaNa batAyA hai. jo guNoM kA samUha hai, guNAtmaka tattva hai vaha samAdhi hai evaM jo para padArthoM ko anAtmarUpa dekhate hue apane Apako kevala inakA sAkSIbhUta cetana jAnatA hai aura jisakA citta svabhAvasattA meM lagakara zItala ho gayA hai vaha samAdhistha kahalAtA hai8 3 yogavAziSTha meM yoga zabda kA artha hai . saMsAra sAgara se pAra hone kI yukti 84 / yoga ke tIna prabheda kiye gaye haiM -85 - 1. eka tattva kI dRr3ha bhAvanA 2. prANoM kA nirodha aura 3. mana kI zAnti - manonirodha | eka tattva kI dRr3ha bhAvanA se mana zAnta hokara AtmA meM vilIna ho jAtA 81. vahI, 6, 10-13 82. yogavAziSTha 6.1.14-17, 6.7.11, 6.139.1, 3.110.46 83. vahI, upazama prakaraNa adhyAya - 36/10 84. vahI, nirvA. pU. 13.3 85. yogamanovijJAna pR. 12 eka tattva ghanAbhyAsa / khaNDa: prathama P 38 -

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khaNDa : prathama hai aura prANoM kA spandana svayaM hI ruka jAtA hai| 86 eka tattva kA dRr3ha abhyAsa tIna prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai brahmabhAvanA, abhAva bhAvanA aura kevalI bhAvanA 187 prANanirodha jaise paMkhe kA hilanA baMda hote hI havA kA calanA banda ho jAtA hai usI prakAra prANoM kI gati ruka jAne para mana bhI zAnta ho jAtA hai| prANoM kA spandana rukane se mana zAnta ho jAtA hai aura mana ke zAnta ho jAne para saMsAra kA laya ho jAtA hai| 88 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama prANa kyA hai ? prANoM kI pragati kisa prakAra hotI hai ? aura prANAyAma kaise kiyA jAtA hai, ina viSayoM kI carcA yogavaziSTha meM vistAra se huI hai| mana kI zAnti mana ke nirodha dvArA sAdhaka apanI icchAoM kA pUrI taraha se zamana kara letA hai| 89 mana ko zAnta karane ke upAya - binA ucita yukti ke mana ko jItanA kaThina hai / mana ko zAnta karane kI aneka yuktiyA~ haiM - - jJAnayukti, saMkalpayukti, bhogoM se virakti, vAsanAtyAga, ahaMbhAva kA nAza, kartRtva bhAva kA tyAga, sarvatyAga, samAdhi kA abhyAsa, layakriyA Adi / bauddha dharma meM dhyAna kI paramparA evaM dhyAna viSayaka sAhitya bauddha dharma meM nirvANa- prApti ke lie do sAdhanoM se sampanna hone kA vizeSa rUpa se nirdeza kiyA hai| unameM pahalA sAdhana zIlavizuddhi aura dUsarA cittavizuddhi hai / zIlavizuddhi kA artha satkarmoM ke anuSThAna se AcAra aura vyavahAra viSayaka zuddhi prApta karanA hai / zIlavizuddhi kI prakriyA kA vivecana hameM aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai | kintu cittavizuddhi kA saMdeza AcAryoM ke dvArA maukhika rUpa meM diyA jAtA 86. yogavAsiSTha nirvA. pR. 68.48 87. vahI, sthiti 4.53 88. yogavAsiSTha 5.78. 15-6 89. vahI, 5.8 90. vahI, upa pR. 91-34 39 PPP

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA 1 rahA hai| isalie usakA vivecana 'visuddhimagga' jaise bahuta hI kama granthoM meM prApta hotA hai / vinayapiTaka, suttapiTaka evaM abhidhammapiTaka ye tIna bauddha dharma ke AdhArabhUta grantha haiN| suttapiTaka ke aneka sUtroM meM bhagavAna buddha ne samAdhi kI zikSA dI hai| Age calakara AcArya buddhaghoSa ne 'visuddhimagga' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI jisameM isa viSaya kA sundara prAmANika rUpa meM varNana hai / hInayAna kI dRSTi se usameM dhyAna yoga kA vistAra se vivecana huA hai| mahAyAna sUtrAlaMkAra tathA yogAcAra meM, dasabhUmizAstra meM dhyAna yoga kA nirUpaNa huA hai| bauddha sAdhanA meM dhyAna ke sAtha hI samAdhi, vimutti, samatha, bhAvanA, visuddhi, vipassanA, adhicitta, yoga, kammaTThAna, padhAna, nimitta, ArambhaNa Adi zabdoM kA bhI upayoga aura vizleSaNa huA hai| inameM dhyAna aura samAdhi pramukhata: pAribhASika zabda mAne gaye haiN| bhagavAna buddha ne cittazuddhi ke lie dhyAna kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| pAlibhASA meM dhyAna ko 'jhAna' kahA jAtA hai| isakI vyutpatti 'jhAyati' kriyA se huI hai, jisakA artha hotA hai - cintana karanA athavA bhAvanA karanA / buddhaghoSa ne isakI vyutpatti isa prakAra se kI hai jhAyati upa-nijjhAyati - jJAnaM / iminA yogino jhAyantIti - jhAnaM / 1 dhyAna kA dUsarA artha vRttiyoM ko jalAnA bhI kiyA gayA hai| paccIkA dhamme jhAyatIti jhAnaM athavA paccanIka dhamme dahati gocaraM vA cintetIti attho || 2 khaNDa : prathama samAdhi ( sam + A + dhA) zabda kA prayoga citta kI ekAgratA (cittassa ekaggatA) yA samatA ke saMdarbha meM kiyA gayA hai| 3 buddhaghoSa ne isa paribhASA meM 'kusala' zabda aura jor3a diyA hai kusala cittekaggatA / yahA~ " sammA samAdhIti yathA samAdhi, kusala samAdhi / 94 kahakara buddhaghoSa ne spaSTa karane kA 91. samantapAsAdikA, pR. 145-146 92. vahI, pR. 145-46 93. dhammasaMgaNi, pR. 10 94. visuddhimagga pR. 4 - 40 INNNN

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khaNDa : prathama PPP prayatna kiyA hai ki samAdhi kA saMbaMdha zubha bhAvoM ko ekAgra karane se hai / uparyukta paribhASA se hama yaha niSkarSa nikAla sakate haiM ki samAdhi meM sirpha kuzala karmoM se hI saMbaMdha hai jabaki dhyAna kuzala aura akuzala donoM hI bhAvoM se sambaddha hai| ataH dhyAna kA kSetra samAdhi kI apekSA vistRta hai| bauddha sAdhanA paddhati meM dhyAna kA artha kisI viSaya para cintana karanA hai|" parantu abhyAsa ke binA kucha bhI saMbhava nahIM hai, citta kA abhyAsa hI dhyAna hai / " bAhya viSayoM kI Asakti se mukta honA hI dhyAna hai| 7 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama bauddha yoga meM samAdhi ko prApta karane ke lie dhyAna kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| 98 buddhaghoSa ne dhyAna ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai : 1. jo citta kI viSayabhUta vastu para nikaTa se cintana karatA hai, vaha dhyAna ( ArambhaNa upa-ni-jjhAna), aura / (jjhAna) / 2. dhyeya vastu ke lakSaNoM kI parIkSA karane vAlA dhyAna ( lakkhaNa - upa-ni inameM se prathama ArambhaNa- upanijjhAna ATha prakAra kA hai| cAra rUpAvacara dhyAna aura cAra arUpAvacara dhyAna / inheM samApatti bhI kahA jAtA hai / upacAra samAdhi kI prArambhika bhUmikA hai aura zeSa usakI vikasita avasthAe~ hai / lakkhaNa upanijjhAna ke tIna bheda haiM- vipassanA, magga aura phala / vipassanA meM prajJA, jJAna aura darzana hotA hai / sAdhAraNata: tripiTaka meM vipassanA kA prayoga samaya ke sAtha milatA hai- samatho ca vipassanA 199 95. samantapAsAdikA, pR. 145-146 96. dhyAna sampradAya pR. 81 97. di sUtra oNva - ve lega, pR. 47 98. dIrghanikAya 1.2, pR. 28-29 99. dIrghanikAya, 3 pR. 273, majjhimanikAya 1. pR. 495 saMyukta nikAya, pR. 360 ityAdi / 41 ~~~ of

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama / isameM viSayavastu ke lakSaNoM para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| 'magga' meM usakA kArya pUrNa hotA hai aura usakI niSpatti phala meM hotI hai| isI ko lokottara dhyAna kahate haiM jo nirvANa kA viziSTa rUpa mAnA jAtA hai|100 vipassanA meM sAta prakAra kI vizuddhi pAyI jAtI hai - zIla vizuddhi, citta vizuddhi, dRSTi vizuddhi, kaDA vitaraNa vizuddhi, maggAmagga jJAna-darzana-vizuddhi, pariSadA jJAna darzana vizuddhi tathA jJAna darzana vishuddhi|101 dhyAna kA bheda - bhedAGga vivAda kA viSaya rahA hai| suttapiTaka meM dhyAna ke cAra bheda milate haiM, jabaki abhidhamma piTaka meM use pA~ca bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| rUpAvalambana para citta kI ye vibhinna avasthAe~ haiM jo kramaza: isa prakAra haiM - 1. vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha aura ekAgratA se sahita prathama dhyAna / 2. prIti, sukha aura ekAgratA se sahita dvitIya dhyaan| 3. sukha aura ekAgratA se sahita tRtIya dhyaan| 4. ekAgratA se sahita caturtha dhyaan|102 dhyAna ke ukta prakAroM meM kramaza: eka-eka guNa kama hotA jAtA hai - arthAt - prathama dhyAna meM sutta paramparA kI dRSTi se vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha aura ekAgratA ye pA~coM aMga vidyamAna rahate haiN| dvitIya dhyAna meM vitarka aura vicAra ko chor3a zeSa guNa upasthita rahate haiN| tRtIya dhyAna meM prIti nahIM rahatI aura caturtha dhyAna meM sukha kA abhAva hokara mAtra ekAgratA raha jAtI hai| 'visuddhimaggo' meM inakI vistAra se vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| 'abhidharma paramparA' meM rUpAvacara dhyAna pA~ca mAne jAte haiN| upekSA-ekAgratA sahita paMcama rUpAvacara dhyAna bhI batAyA gayA hai|103 100. sa dhamma pakAsinI, pR. 196 101. abhidhammattha saMgraha, kammaTThAna saMgraha 102. visuddhimagga pariccheda - 4 103. abhidhammattha saMgaho 1.17 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 42 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yahA~ kuzala citta kA saMbaMdha rUpAvacara, arUpAvacara evaM lokuttara cittoM se hI hai| 104 kuzala citta ke Alambana ko kammaTThAna bhI kahA gayA hai| kammaTThAnoM kI saMkhyA bauddha dharma meM cAlIsa kahI gayI hai - dasa kasiNa (kRSNa), dasa azubha, dasa anusmRti, cAra brahmavihAra, eka saMjJA, eka vyavasthAna tathA cAra Arupya haiN| inakI prApti meM bAdhaka tattva haiM- pA~ca kAmacchanda, vyApAda, thInamiddha, uddhacca kukkucca evaM vicikicchA, inakA upazama kramaza: samAdhi, prIti, vitarka, sukha aura vicAra se hotA hai|105 arUpAvacara dhyAna rUpAvacara dhyAna kI caturtha athavA paMcama avasthA ke bAda yadyapi nirvANa kA sAkSAtkAra saMbhava hai phira bhI sAdhaka nirvarNa aura nirAkAra Alambana para dhyAna karatA hai, yahI arUpAvacara dhyAna hai| isakI cAra avasthAyeM hotI haiN| ____ 1. AkAzAnaJcAyatana - isameM sAdhaka ananta AkAza para vicAra karatA hai| 2. vijJAnAnaJcAyatana - isa avasthA meM ananta AkAza sthUla pratIta hone lagatA hai aura vijJAna sUkSma lagane lagatA hai| 3. AkiJcanyAyatana - isa avasthA meM AkiJcanyAyatana para kucha nahIM, 'zUnya zUnya', dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| 4. naiva saMjJA-asaMjJA Ayatana - isa avasthA meM bhavasaMjJAna kI anantatA para na saMjJA aura na asaMjJA ArambhaNa para dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai|106 isake atirikta bauddha dhyAna kI vidhiyA~ jApAna (jena - jhAna) barmA, thAIlaiNDa, tibbata, cIna, koriyA ityAdi kI bauddha paramparAoM meM bhI pAI jAtI haiN| hInayAna meM dhyAna dhyAna kA upayoga lakSya kI siddhi ke lie hotA hai| hInayAna aura mahAyAna 104. vahI, navanIta TIkA 105. visuddhimagga, pR. 95 106. (ka) visuddhimagga pariccheda 10 tathA 3 (kha) abhidhammattha saMgaho 1.11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 43 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama meM lakSya kI siddhi meM hI pUrNata: bheda dRSTigocara hotA hai| hInayAna meM nirvANa-prApti hI jIvana kA carama lakSya batAyA gayA hai| arhat pada-prApti dvArA vaha siddha hotA hai| arhata kevala apane kleza kI nivRtti kI abhilASA rakhatA hai| vaha apane ko apane meM hI sImita rakhatA hai| nirvANa kI prApti citta ke rAga Adi klezoM ko dUra karane se hotI hai| isa kArya meM sAdhaka ko dhyAnayoga se yatheSTa sahAyatA prApta hotI hai| dhyAna se prApta samAdhi ke binA sAdhaka kA mana vAsanAmaya jagat kA atikramaNa nahIM kara sktaa| vaha rUpa dhAtu meM nahIM jA sktaa| samAdhi dvArA sAdhaka rUpa dhAtu meM jA sakatA hai| cAra dhyAnoM kA saMbaMdha rUpa dhAtu se hai| inameM se pratyeka Ayatana ke sAtha dhyAna kA saMbaMdha hai| prathama meM AkAza kI anantatA kA, dvitIya meM vijJAna kI anantatA kA, tRtIya meM akiJcanatA kI anantatA kA aura caturtha meM bhavasaMjJAna kI anantatA kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| cauthe Ayatana ko bhavAgra kahA jAtA hai| sAdhaka sthUla jagat se apane dhyAna kA Arambha karatA hai aura usake bala para sUkSma jagat meM saMpraviSTa hotA hai| jagat usake lie svalpa, sUkSma banatA jAtA hai, isa dhyAnakrama se vaha eka bindu para pahu~catA hai jahA~ jagat kI samApti hotI hai| vahI bindu bhavAgra kahA gayA hai| vahA~ pahu~cane ke pazcAt use nirvANa meM kUdane meM, nimagna ho jAne meM jarA bhI dera nahIM lgtii| nirvANa kI prApti hote hI sAdhaka arhat pada pA letA hai, vaha kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna tadjanita samAdhi, nirvANa kA ananya hetu hai|107 ABRE mahAyAna meM dhyAna ___ mahAyAna kA lakSya hInayAna se bhinna hai| usakA antima uddezya buddhatva kI prApti hai| yaha eka janma ke vyApAra para avalambita nahIM hai| aneka janmoM paryaMta puNyasaMbhAra kA saMcaya karatA huA sAdhaka jJAna-saMbhAra kI prApti karatA hai, atyadhika jJAnasaMpanna hotA hai| mahAyAna sampradAya meM sAdhaka ko sabase pahale bodhi citta ko grahaNa karanA hotA hai| jaina darzana meM jise samyakbodhi yA samyakjJAna kahA gayA hai, bodhicitta kA vahI Azaya hai| jaba sAdhaka ko bodhicitta kI prApti ho jAtI hai to use pAramitAoM kA abhyAsa karanA hotA hai, jise usakI Avazyaka caryA kahA gayA hai| pAramitA meM pAram+itA ye do zabda haiN| pAram kA artha 'paripUrNatA' aura itA kA 107. bauddhadarzana mImAMsA pR. 333-334 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 44 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama artha 'paha~cA haA hai| pUrNatva ko pAramitA kahA jAtA hai| pAli bhASA meM isake lie pAramI zabda kA prayoga huA hai| pAramitAoM ke dAna, zIla, naiSkarma, prajJA, vIrya, zAnti, satya, adhiSThAna, maitrI, upekSA ye nAma haiN|108 aisA kahA jAtA hai ki inhIM pAramitAoM ke dvArA zAkyamuni tathAgata buddha ne 550 bAra vividha rUpoM meM janma lekara samyak saMbodhi kI lokottara saMpatti adhigata kii| aisA bhI mAnA jAtA hai ki pAramitAoM kA anuSThAna kevala manuSya-janma meM hI ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM, jAtaka granthoM se yaha prakaTa hai ki buddha ne tiryaMca yoni meM bhI janma lekara pAramitAoM kA parizIlana kiyaa| jaina darzana ke anusAra samyakdRSTi sAdhaka kI vaha bhava-paramparA, jisameM vaha apane pUrvArjita karmoM kA bhogakSaya karatA huA uttarottara AtmojjvalatA kI ora prayANa karatA hai, pAramitAoM se tulanIya hai| jJAna - saMbhAga kA adhigama hone se vaha prajJA-pAramitA kA adhikArI banatA hai| prajJA pAramitA kA tAtparya prakRSTa, uttama, sAdhanAparaka jJAna kA abhyudaya hai| usake binA buddhatva kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI hai, prajJA pAramitA taka pahu~cane ke lie samAdhi kI atyanta AvazyakatA hai| etadartha sAdhaka ko aneka bhUmiyA~ pAra karanI par3atI haiN| mahAyAna sUtrAlaMkAra meM ve pramuditA, vimalA, prabhAkarI, arciSmatI, sudarjayA, abhimukti, duraGgamA, acalA, sAdhumatI, dharmamedhyA ke nAma se ye abhihita huI haiN|109 mahAyAna ke siddhAntAnusAra buddhatva pada kI prApti ke sAdhanA-mArga meM inakA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| bhUmikAoM ko pArakara sAdhaka samAdhi kI sthiti meM pahu~catA hai| bauddha darzana ke anusAra dhyeya viSaya do prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai vasturUpa tathA klpnaamaatr| vasturUpa sthUla hai| kalpanAmAtra sUkSma hai, vaha bAhya vasturUpa nahIM hotaa| vastu ke svarUpa kI apekSA vastu kI pratIti yA kalpanA para citta lagAne se samAdhi kI avasthA utpanna hotI hai| usake lie 10 anusmRtiyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai- buddhAnussati, dhammAnussati, saMghAnussati, zIlAnussati, yAgAnussati, devatAnussati, maraNAnussati, kAmagatAnussati, AnApAnAnussati, upssmaanussti| ina anusmRtiyoM meM kramaza: buddha, dharma, saMgha ke guNoM para zIla, tyAga, devaloka, mRtyu, kAyamizrita 108. vahI, pR. 125 109. vahI, pR. 336-337

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa: prathama vividha prakAra ke mala, aMga - pratyaMga, ekAnta sthAna meM baiThakara zvAsa -prazvAsa para dhyAna tathA upazama rUpa nirvANa para dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| . yahA~ AnApAna nAmaka navama anusmRti vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya hai| vipazyanA ke rUpa meM jisa dhyAna paddhati kA vistAra huA hai usake mUla meM yahI anusmRti hai| __ bauddhoM ne aSTAMga yoga ke sthAna para SaDaMgayoga ko mAnyatA dI hai| ye chaha aGga isa prakAra haiM - pratyAhAra, dhyAna, prANAyAma, dhAraNA, anusmRti aura smaadhi| bauddhoM ke eka sampradAya ke anusAra citta hI ekamAtra satya hai| ata: citta kI ekAgratA ke lie 'jhANa' sAdhanA vihita hai| bauddhoM kI yaha dhyAna sAdhanA haThayoga kI paddhati ke samAna hai| isa prakAra bauddha dharma ke vibhinna sampradAyoM meM dhyAna sAdhanA saMbaMdhI sAhitya upalabdha hotA hai| yaha eka vizeSa mahattvapUrNa bAta hai ki bauddha dharma meM Age calakara eka aise sampradAya kA vikAsa huA jo dhyAna sampradAya (jhena sampradAya) ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ usakA kiMcit paricaya Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| bauddha dharma kA dhyAna sampradAya 28veM AcArya bodhidharma ne san 520 yA 526 IsavI meM cIna jAkara vahA~ dhyAna sampradAya (cAna-tsuMga) kI sthApanA kii| bodhidharma kI mRtyu ke bAda bhI cIna meM unakI paramparA calatI rhii| unake uttarAdhikArI isa prakAra hue : 1. hui-ke (san 506-593 IsavI) 2. saMga-tsan (mRtyu san 606 IsavI) tAo-hasina (san 580-651 IsavI) huMg-jena (san 601-674 IsavI) 5. hui-neMga (san 638-713 IsavI) cIna se yaha sAdhanA-tattva jApAna gyaa| yeI-sAi (san 1141-1215) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 46 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : prathama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama nAmaka jApAnI bhikSu ne cIna meM jAkara isakA adhyayana kiyA aura phira jApAna meM isakA pracAra kiyaa| jApAna meM isakI pradhAna tIna zAkhAe~ haiN| pahalI zAkhA rijaI nAma kI hai jisake pravartaka cInI mahAtmA rijaI the| isameM yeI-sAi, dAe-o (san 1235-1308), deto (san 1282-1336), kvajana (san 1277-1360 IsavI), hekumina (san 1685-1768) jaise vicAraka dhyAnayogI hue| dUsarI zAkhA sAto nAma kI hai| isakI sthApanA yeI-sAi ke bAda unake ziSya do gen (san 1200-1253) ne kii| isakA sambandha cInI mahAtmA hui-neMga ke ziSya ciMga-yU-An aura unake ziSya zihU-tAu (san 700-790) se rahA hai| tIsarI zAkhA obAku nAma kI hai| isakI sthApanA iMjena (san 1592-1673) ne kii| isake pravartaka cInI mahAtmA haAG po the jinakA samaya 9vIM zatI hai aura jo huI-neMga kI ziSya paramparA kI tIsarI pIDhI meM the| yaha zAkhA buddha ke nAma-japa se mukti-prApti saMbhava mAnatI hai|110 vastuta: aisA lagatA hai ki dhyAna kA bIja bhArata se hI cIna aura jApAna gayA, vahA~ para aMkurita, pallavita evaM phalita huA aura jana-mAnasa meM ghulamila gyaa| dhyAna kevala adhyAtma taka hI sImita nahIM rahA, balki isane pUre jIvana-pravAha meM apanA oja aura teja bikherA hai| yei-sAi kI eka pustaka krojana goko kurona (dhyAna ke pracAra ke rUpa meM rASTra kI surakSA) ne dhyAna ko vIratva aura rASTra-surakSA se bhI jor3a diyA hai| jApAnI sipAhiyoM meM dhyAna kA vyApaka pracAra hai| manobala, anuzAsana, dAyitva bodha aura anta:nirIkSaNa ke lie vahA~ dhyAnAbhyAsa Avazyaka mAnA jAtA hai| jApAna ne svAvalambI banakara jo pragati kI hai, usake mUla meM dhyAna kI yaha UrjA avazya pravAhita hai| Aja pazcimI rASTroM meM bhI dhyAna kA AkarSaNa bar3hA hai| yaha isI dhyAna tattva kA prasAra hai, cAhe isakI preraNA unheM sIdhI bhArata se milI ho, cAhe cIna - jApAna ke mAdhyama se| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki kAlakrama meM na kevala zramaNa paramparA meM apitu hindU paramparA meM bhI dhyAna eka mahattvapUrNa sAdhanA vidhi ke rUpa meM ubhara kara sAmane AyA hai| bhAratIya AdhyAtmika sAdhanA vidhi meM dhyAna kA lakSya manuSya ko tanAvoM se mukta kara Atmika zAnti pradAna karanA hai| pratyeka AdhyAtmika sAdhanA vidhi kA yaha eka 110. dhyAnasampradAya - DaoN. bharatasiMha upAdhyAya ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 47 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna paramparA khaNDa : prathama mahattvapUrNa aMga rahA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti meM nivRtti mUlaka zramaNadhArA meM dhyAna kA udbhava huaa| yahIM se apanI yAtrA prArambha karate hue bhagavAna buddha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanAvidhi meM praviSTa huaa| dUsarI ora upaniSad kAla se yaha hindU sAdhanA vidhi kA bhI eka Avazyaka aMga bnaa| kAlakrama meM dhyAnavidhi Adi meM parizodhana hote rahe aura usake pariNAma svarUpa aneka dhyAna vidhiyoM kA vikAsa huaa| - - - - - ~~~~~~ -48 ~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama khaNDa : - dvitIya prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna yoga aura dhyAna kI bhAratIya paramparA Agama-karttA- aMgapraviSTa- aMgabAhya AcArAMga sUtra aura usake vyAkhyA sAhitya meM dhyAna sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM dhyAna sambandhI nirdeza sthAnAMga sUtra meM dhyAna sambandhI vivecanA samavAyAMga meM dhyAna sUtra bhagavatI sUtra aura dhyAna praznavyAkaraNa sUtra aupapAtika sUtra uttarAdhyayana sUtra dazavaikAlika sUtra dazAzrutaskandha sUtra Avazyaka sUtra Avazyaka niryukti 1 ------

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya khaNDa:-dvitIya prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna mokSa, parinirvANa yA mukti sAdhaka kA parama lakSya hai| yaha vaha sthiti hai jahA~ AtmA sarvathA du:khavimukta parama zAnta, saccidAnanda svarUpa, bandhanavimukta hokara sarvathA paramAtma svarUpa bana jAtI hai| saMsArI jIva anAdi kAla se karmabaddha hai| karmoM ke paudgalika AvaraNoM dvArA jIva kA jJAna, darzana, cAritra evaM Anandamaya svarUpa AvRta rahatA hai| jaba taka ye AvaraNa bane rahate haiM, jIva apanI zuddha svAbhAvika sthiti se dUra rahatA hai, vaibhAvika sthiti meM banA rahatA hai, taba taka janma-maraNa ke cakra meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| ye bandhana tabhI samApta hote haiM jaba sAdhanA dvArA jIva samasta karmoM ko kSINa kara DAlatA hai| isalie kahA gayA hai- kRtsnakarmavipramokSo mokssH| karmakSaya ke lie saMvara aura nirjarA mUlaka sAdhanA kA jainadarzana meM vizada vivecana prApta hotA hai| pUrva saMcita aura vartamAna meM ba~dhane vAle karmoM kA sarvathA apagama ho jAne se AtmA kI karmamuktatA siddha hotI hai| kSaNa-pratikSaNa AtmapradezoM ke sAtha saMzliSTa hone vAle karmoM ke avarodha hetu AtmA kA jo anta:parAkrama ghaTita hotA hai use saMvara kahA jAtA hai| sarovara meM jisa praNAlikA se varSA Adi kA jala bharatA rahatA hai vaha usa praNAlikA ko roka dene ke bAda banda ho jAtA hai, yahI sthiti saMvara kI hai| karmoM ke Ane ke mArga ko Asrava kahA gayA hai vaha saMvara se ruka jAtA hai| jaina sAhitya meM yaha zloka bahuta prasiddha hai Amravo bandhahetuH syAt saMvaro moksskaarnnm| itIyamAhatI dRSTiranyat srvprpnycnm|| arthAt Asrava bandha kA hetu hai tathA saMvara mokSa kA kAraNa hai| jainadarzana kA yahI sArabhUta dRSTikoNa hai aura to saba vistAra mAtra hai| 1. tattvArtha sUtra 10.3 pR. 235

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama mmmmmmmmmmmmwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww isa zloka meM mukhyata: yaha tattva pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki jaba karmoM ke Ane kA pravAha banda ho jAtA hai, AtmapradezoM ke sAtha abhinava karmoM kA saMzleSa nahIM hotA hai to AtmA ko eka mArga prApta ho jAtA hai jisase usakI unnati kA krama nirdhArita ho jAtA hai| isa zloka meM jo kahA gayA hai isameM eka bAta aura yojanIya hai| saMvara dvArA nUtana karmoM kA AnA to avaruddha ho jAtA hai kintu jIva dvArA pahale bA~dhe hae karma athavA Atma-saMzliSTa karma jaba taka kSINa nahIM hote taba taka usakI bandhana se sarvathA mukti nahIM ho paatii| saMcita karmoM ke kSaya ke lie tapazcaraNa mUlaka sAdhanA-patha kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| usase karmoM kA nirjaraNa hotA jAtA hai| dIvAla para gIlI miTTI ke lage hue kaNa jaise dhUpa se sUkha kara jhar3ate jAte haiM usI prakAra tapazcaraNa dvArA saMcita karma, AtmasaMzliSTa karma pudgala nirjIrNa hote jAte haiN| isa tattva ko jainadarzana meM nirjarA kahA gayA hai| isI tattva ke AdhAra para AtmapuruSArtha sAdhya sAdhanA-patha kA bahumukhI vikAsa huaa| nirjarA tattva ke bAraha bhedoM meM gyArahavA~ dhyAna hai| vaise to nirjarA ke sabhI bheda karmakSaya kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiM, AcaraNIya haiM, kintu inameM dhyAna kA atyanta mahattva hai kyoMki dhyAna sAdhaka ko eka aisI pavitra bhUmikA pradAna karatA hai, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa nirjarA tattva ke antargata pratipAdita sabhI tapoM ko kramaza: sAdhane kI mAnasikatA utpanna hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dhyAna kA vivecana AgamoM tathA unakI niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi, vRtti, TIkA Adi vyAkhyA sAhitya ke granthoM meM vizeSa rUpa se huA hai| itanA hI nahIM, dhyAna para svataMtra grantha kI racanA bhI huii| yoga aura dhyAna kI bhAratIya paramparA : bhArata meM dhyAna sAdhanA ke kSetra meM maharSi pataMjali ke 'yogasUtra' kA vizeSa mahattva hai| unhoMne yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi kA aSTAMga yoga ke rUpa meM pravartana kiyaa| inameM pahale pA~ca zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchvAsa Adi ke pramArjana hetu prayojanIya haiM tathA antima tIna dhAraNA, dhyAna, samAdhi anta:pramArjana evaM vizodhana ke hetu haiN| . .. PRAST

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya daihika, mAnasika evaM kAyika vikAsa kI dRSTi se pataMjali kI yaha sAdhanA paddhati kAphI AkarSaka bnii| logoM kA, vizeSata: jijJAsu aura mumukSu jana kA isa ora vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna gyaa| isameM unakI ruci bhI vizeSa rUpa se bar3hatI gii| isa sAdhanA paddhati kA kendra AtmA hai| apane Antarika udyama se hI yaha siddha hotI hai| isalie anyAnya dharmoM ke vijJajanoM, AcAryoM kA bhI dhyAna gyaa| phalasvarUpa bauddha dharma Adi zramaNa paramparA ke samudAyoM meM bhI isa ora vizeSa abhiruci utpanna huii| apane sAdhanA tattvoM ko yathAsaMbhava isa paddhati dvArA prastuta karane kA prayAsa huaa| lagabhaga pA~cavIM-chaThI zatAbdI meM bhArata ke pUrvAMcala bihAra meM bauddha sAdhakoM meM sAdhanA kI eka yogAnugata vizeSa zailI kA prAdurbhAva huaa| vajrayAna, siddhayAna yA sahajayAna ke rUpa meM vaha prasiddha hai| ise bauddha dharma kI mahAyAna sAdhanA ke kSetra meM uttaravartI vikAsa kahA jA sakatA hai| ve sAdhaka jo isameM niSNAta ho jAte the, ve siddha kahe jAte the| isI kAraNa ise siddhayAna kahA gyaa| vajra kI bhA~ti yaha sAdhanA kA ati kaThora patha thA isalie isakI vajrayAna saMjJA huii| sahajatA yA svAbhAvikatA mUlaka hone se ise sahaja yAna kahA gyaa| . inakI sAdhanA meM haThayoga kA bhI samanvaya thaa| inakA sAhitya dohAkoza, caryAgIti ke rUpa meM pUrvI apabhraMza meM prApta hotA hai| dohAkozoM meM unhoMne atyanta sarala zailI meM apane siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| caryAgItiyoM meM geya padoM dvArA apanI anubhUtiyA~ pragaTa kI haiN| sarahapA, kaNhapA, tilopA Adi isa paramparA ke mukhya sAdhaka hue haiN| yaha paramparA Age calakara vikAragrasta ho gii| nAthayogiyoM kI paramparA meM haThayoga kA prAdhAnya thaa| gorakhanAtha isa paramparA ke mahAn yogI the jinhoMne bhAratavarSa ke bhinna-bhinna pradezoM meM bhramaNa kara yoga kA pracAra kiyaa| yogiyoM ke lie ye brahmacarya para bahuta adhika bala dete the| unake 'gorakSa paddhati' Adi aneka grantha suprasiddha haiN| AcArya evaM manISI santa sadaiva bar3e vyApaka dRSTikoNa vAle rahe haiN| unhoMne apane siddhAntoM ke anurUpa una sabhI bAtoM ko svIkAra karane se kabhI paraheja nahIM kiyA jo jana-jana ke Atma-kalyANa ke rUpa meM sahAyaka hoN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jaina darzana aisA mAnatA hai ki samyaktvI dvArA parigRhIta mithyAzruta bhI samyakzruta

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ho jAtA hai| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki yadi grAhaka samyak jJAna, sadbuddhi sacintana yukta ho to vaha apanI paramparA se bhinna mAnyatAoM se bhI kisI sadvastu ko gRhIta karatA hai to usake lie vaha upAdeya hai| aisA karane meM saiddhAntika dRSTi se koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| isa tAttvika mAnyatA ne jaina dharma evaM darzana ko atyanta vyApaka vistAra pAne kA avasara pradAna kiyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jana-jana ke kalyANa ke lie apane siddhAMtoM ke prasAra hetu prAkRta bhASA ko svIkAra kiyA, jo usa samaya dhArmika kSetra meM zAstrIya bhASA ke rUpa meM svIkRta nahIM thii| nimnAMkita zloka se yaha spaSTa hotA hai : bAla-strI-vRddha-mUrkhANAM, nRNAM cAritrakAMkSiNAm / anugrahArthaM tattvajJaiH, siddhAntaH prAkRtaH kRtH||' bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bAlaka, strI, vRddha evaM azikSita una sabhI logoM para jo cAritra kI AkAMkSA karate haiM, anugraha karate hue unake kalyANa ke lie prAkRta bhASA meM dharma ke siddhAntoM kA upadeza diyaa| "bhagavaM ca NaM addhamAgahIe bhAsAe dhammamAikkhai''3 ityAdi uktiyA~ isI bhAva kI dyotaka haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhASA ke kSetra meM eka bar3I krAnti kii| yahA~ isakA ullekha karane kA yahI Azaya hai ki prANimAtra ke hita ke lie, AdhyAtmika utthAna ke lie apane siddhAntoM ke anurUpa kisI bhI vidhA ko svIkAra karane meM jaina paramparA ke mahApuruSa kabhI udAsIna nahIM rhe| ___ yahI bAta yoga ke kSetra meM bhI yojanIya hai| jainAcAryoM ke mana meM nissandeha yaha cintana ubharA ho ki yadi apane dharma va darzana ke AtmazuddhimUlaka karmakSayakAraka siddhAMtoM ko yogasAdhanA ke rUpa meM prastuta kareM to unake AdhyAtmika abhiyAna meM eka nayA AyAma jur3a sakatA hai| isa kSetra meM sabase pahale pAdanyAsa karane vAle mahAmahima AcArya zrI haribhadrasUri the| ve svabhAva se hI mahAn utkrAntacetA the| vidvAn brAhmaNa kula meM unakA janma huA thaa| veda-vedAMga Adi vibhinna zAstroM ke ve pAragAmI vidvAn 2. dazavaikAlika vRtti pR. 223 3. samavAyAMga sUtra 34.22, 23

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya the| eka vizeSa prasaMgavaza prerita hokara unhoMne jainadharma - darzana ko AtmasAt kiyaa| itanA hI nahIM ve usameM tanmaya ho gye| anekAneka viSayoM para unhoMne granthoM kI racanA kii| yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya yaha hai ki jaina sAdhanA paddhati ko yoga kI vidhA meM DhAlane kA unhoMne jo mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA, vaha jaina itihAsa meM sadA svarNAkSaroM meM likhA rhegaa| unhoMne isa saMbaMdha meM apanA maulika cintana prakaTa karate hue svataMtra rUpa se yoga para 'jainayoga' kI saMskRta evaM prAkRta meM racanA kii| haribhadra jainayoga ke saMpratiSThApaka kahe jA sakate haiN| isa paramparA ko uttaravartI aneka jainAcAryoM aura lekhakoM ne vRddhiMgata kiyaa| kintu jahA~ taka dhyAna-sAdhanA kA prazna hai, vaha jaina paramparA meM atiprAcIna kAla se svIkRta rahI hai| mahAvIra kI dhyAnasAdhanA kA ullekha AcArAMga jaise prAcInatama jainAgama meM Aja bhI surakSita hai| jaina darzana kI caturvidha dhyAna kI avadhAraNA apanI maulika hai| sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga Adi AgamoM meM ina cAroM dhyAnoM ke lakSaNoM, avalambanoM evaM upaprakAroM kA vistRta ullekha milatA hai| yadyapi jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA paddhati ko haribhadra, zubhacandra, hemacandra Adi ne anya paramparAoM se kucha tattvoM ko grahaNa kara pallavita evaM puSpita kiyA hai, phira bhI unakI mUla dRSTi Agama para hI AdhArita rahI hai| Agama: Agama zabda kI vyutpatti 'A' upasarga pUrvaka - 'gam' dhAtu meM ghaJ' pratyaya lagAne se hotI hai| isake aneka artha banate haiN| jaisA-jaisA prasaMga hotA hai vaisAvaisA artha Agama zabda se grahaNa kara liyA jAtA hai| udAharaNArtha - latAoM para naye pattoM kA nikalanA bhI Agama kahalAtA hai, jaise - "latAyAM pUrNalUnAyAM prasUnasya AgamaH kutH"| zabda rUpa meM akSaroM kA AnA bhI Agama kahalAtA hai| prastuta prasaMga meM Agama kA artha hai - paramparAgata dhArmika siddhAnta grNth| purAtana jaina AcAryoM ne Agama zabda kI anekavidha vyAkhyAe~ kI haiN| jaise 'Agamyante maryAdayA'vabuddhyante yathA anenetyAgamaH' arthAt jisase vastu tattva 4. saMskRta hindI koza, le. vAmana zivarAma ApaTe pR. 139-40 5. ratnAkarAvatA rikAvRtti

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kA paripUrNa jJAna ho, vaha Agama hai| AptavacanAdAvirbhUtamarthasaMvedanaM Agama: Apta vacana se utpanna arthajJAna Agama kahA jAtA hai| jisase ucita dizA va vizeSa jJAna upalabdha hotA hai, use Agama yA zrutujJAna kahate haiN|' AgamoM ke kartA : tIrthaMkara kevala artharUpa meM upadeza karate haiM aura gaNadhara use graMthabaddha yA sUtrabaddha karate haiN| arthAtmaka graMtha ke praNetA tIrthaMkara hote haiN| etad artha hI AgamoM meM yatratatra (tassa NaM ayamaDhe paNNate) aisA pATha prayukta huA hai| isa prakAra jainAgamoM ko tIrthaMkara praNIta kahA jAtA hai, yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki jaina AgamoM kI prAmANikatA kevala gaNadhara kRta hone se hI nahIM hai, apitu usake artha ke prarUpaka tIrthaMkara kI vItarAgatA evaM sarvArthasAkSAtkAritva ke kAraNa hai| jaina anuzruti ke anusAra gaNadhara ke samAna hI anya pratyekabuddha nirUpita Agama bhI pramANa rUpa hote haiN| gaNadhara kevala dvAdazAMgI kI hI racanA karate haiN| aMgabAhya AgamoM kI racanA sthavira karate haiN|' AgamoM kA vibhAjana : __ AcArya devarddhigaNikSamA-zramaNa ne AgamoM ko aMga-praviSTa aura aMgabAhya ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai|12 aMgapraviSTa aura aMga-bAhya kA vizleSaNa karate hue jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa ne tIna hetu batalAe haiM aMgapraviSTa vaha zruta hai : 1. jo gaNadharoM ke dvArA sUtra rUpa se banAyA huA hotA hai| 2. jo gaNadharoM ke dvArA prazna karane para tIrthaMkara ke dvArA pratipAdita hotA hai LEARN 6. syAdvAdamaMjarI zloka 38 TIkA 7. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya gA. 559 8. pramANanaya tattvAloka 4,1 9. naMdIsUtra gA. 40 10. mUlAcAra gA. 5-80 (kha) jaya dhavalA pR.153 11. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya gA. 550 (kha) bRhat kalpabhASya gA. 144 12. ahavA taM samAsao duvihaM paNNattaM taMjahA - aMga paviTTha aMgabahiraMca naMdI sUtra 43 ~~~~~~~~~. 7

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya 3. jo zAzvata satyoM se saMbaMdhita hone ke kAraNa dhruva evaM sudIrghakAlIna hotA hai / 13 etadartha hI samavAyAMga' 4 meM spaSTa kahA hai dvAdazAMga bhUta gaNipiTaka bhI nahIM thA, aisA nahIM hai, nahIM hai, 'nahIM hogA' aisA bhI nahIM hai / vaha thA, hai, aura hogA / vaha dhruva hai, niyata hai, zAzvata hai, akSaya aura nitya hai / aMgabAhya zruta vaha hotA hai - 1. jo sthavira kRta hotA hai / 2. jo binA prazna kie tIrthaMkaroM dvArA pratipAdita hotA hai / AcArya akalaMka ne kahA hai ki ArAtIya AcAryoM ke dvArA nirmita Agama aMga-pratipAdita artha ke nikaTa yA anukUla hone ke kAraNa aMgabAhya kahalAte haiN| 15 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 4 mUla tathA 4 cheda evaM 1 Avazyaka isa prakAra kula 32 AgamoM ko sthAnakavAsI, terApaMthI sampradAyoM meM prAmANika mAnA gayA hai| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA meM inake atirikta dasa pannA (prakIrNaka) tathA mahAnizItha, jItakalpa, ogha niryukti evaM piNDa niryukti sahita 45 Agama mAnya haiN| - AgamoM meM dhyAna kisa rUpa meM ullikhita hai, AgAmI pRSThoM meM usakA vivecana prastuta hai - AcArAMga sUtra aura usake vyAkhyA sAhitya meM dhyAna : jaina dharma meM dhyAna kI paramparA prAgaitihAsika kAla se calI A rahI hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se sarvaprathama 'AcArAMga' meM mahAvIra ke dhyAna saMbaMdhI aneka saMdarbha upalabdha hote haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ko 'dhyAnayogI' vizeSaNa se bhI vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| 1 13. vizeSAvazyaka bhA. gA. 552 14. samavAyAMga, samavAya 148 15. aMkalaMka, tattvArtharAja vArtika 1 / 20 8

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ___ AcArAMga prathama zrutaskaMdha ke upadhAna sUtra nAmaka navama adhyayana meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dhyAna - sAdhanA saMpRkta carcA kA jo varNana AyA hai vaha bar3A hI mArmika hai| ve apane dhyAna meM kitane dRr3ha niSprakampa aura prabala the, yaha usa varNana se vyakta hotA hai| dhyAna ke aneka Alambana hote haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra kabhI- kabhI eka-eka prahara paryaMta tiryak bhitti para apanI A~khoM ko ekAgrakara antarAtmA ke dhyAna meM lIna rhte| bhitti para dhyAna meM ekAgra unake netroM ko dekhakara bhayabhIta bane hue bacce 'are ! yaha kauna hai? mAro ise mAro !' yoM kahakara cillAne lgte| jaba kabhI bhagavAna kisI gRhastha yA anya tIrthika jana-saMkula sthAna para Thahare hue hote to unheM dekhakara kAmavihvala nAriyA~ unase kAmayAcanA krtiiN| kintu ve bhoga ko karmabandha kA hetu mAnate hue kadApi abrahmacarya kI ora nahIM jhukte| ve antarAtma bhAva meM gahanatayA saMpraviSTa hokara dhyAna meM tanmaya rhte| kabhI Thaharane hetu kinhIM gRhasthoM kA sthAna prApta ho jAtA to ve gRhIjanoM ke sAtha jarA bhI ghulate-milate nahIM the| ve unake saMparka-saMsarga kA parityAga karate hue dharmadhyAna meM sarvathA nimagna rhte| kisI ke dvArA kucha pUche jAne para bhI ve kucha nahIM bolte| yadi unheM bolane ko bAdhya kiyA jAtA to ve sthAna kA parityAga kara anyatra cale jAte parantu apane dhyAna kA kadApi atikramaNa nahIM krte| jo loga unheM abhivAdana, namana yA praNamana karate, unake prati ve AzIrvacana nahIM bolate aura anArya sthAnoM meM jahA~ loga unheM DaNDoM se tAr3ita karate, unake bAla noMca lete, aMga-bhaMga karane kA yatna karate kintu ve unheM abhizApa nahIM dete| bhagavAna kI yaha dhyAnamayI sAdhanA anya sAdhakoM ke lie sugama nahIM thii| bhagavAna mahAvIra utkaTika Adi dhyAnoM, citta AsanoM meM avasthita hokara citta ko sthira kara dhyAna krte| ve Urdhva, adha:, tiryak loka meM vidyamAna jIvAdi padArthoM ke dravyatva, paryAyatva, nityatva, anityatva Adi ko dhyAna kA viSaya athavA Alambana bnaate| ve adhyAtma se asambaddha viSayoM ke saMkalpa se dUra rahate hue dhyAnapUrvaka AtmasamAdhi meM hI kendrita rhte| ve krodha Adi kaSAyoM ko zAnta kara Asakti kA parivarjana kara, zabda evaM 16. AcArAMga sUtra 1.9. 45-48 ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya rUpa ke prati mUrcchA rahita banakara dhyAna - nirata rahate / chadmastha kAla meM dharmamUlaka uttama anuSThAna meM parAkramazIla rahate hue unhoMne eka bAra bhI pramAda kA sevana nahIM kiyaa| 17 AcArAMga sUtra kI zIlAMkAcArya TIkA meM, AcArAMga cUrNi evaM Avazyaka cUrNi meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dhyAnasAdhanA ke saMdarbha meM vivecana karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki ve mukhyatayA Urdhvaloka, madhyaloka meM vidyamAna jIva - ajIva Adi tattvoM kA Alambana kara dhyAna karate the / Urdhvaloka ke antargata AkAzadarzana, adholoka ke antargata bhUlokadarzana, madhyaloka ke antargata tiryak bhitti darzana, ina lokoM meM vidyamAna tattvoM kA Alambana lekara bhagavAna dhyAna karate the| kyoMki lokacintana meM utsAha, parAkrama aura ceSTA yA sakriyatA kA Alambana AdhAra hotA hai / Urdhvagati, adhogati evaM tiryak ti ke hetu banane vAle bhAvoM kA lokatraya ke darzana se parityAga kara liyA jAtA hai / netroM ko nirnimeSa visphArita, udghATita rakhate hue Urdhvaloka, adholoka aura madhyaloka ke bindu para sthira karane se tInoM lokoM ko parijJAta kiyA jA sakatA hai|' 8 aura bhI kahA gayA hai - bhagavAna mahAvIra niSkaSAya tathA Asaktirahita, zabda evaM rUpa Adi meM mUrcchAzUnya AtmasamAdhi meM abhirata hokara dhyAna karate the / dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM unakA samaya, sthAna yA vAtAvaraNa vizeSa kA koI Agraha nahIM thA / vRttikAra ke anusAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ne chadmastha avasthA meM kaSAyAdi pramAdoM kA sevana nahIM kiyaa| cUrNikAra ne isa saMdarbha meM vizeSa rUpa se bhagavAna kI chadmastha avasthA meM asthika grAma meM eka bAra antarmuhUrta ke atirikta nidrArUpa pramAda ke sevana karane kA ullekha kiyA hai| 19 pramAda ke pA~ca bhedoM meM mada- viSaya - kaSAya, nidrA aura 17. AcArAMga sUtra 1.9 107-108 18. (ka) AcArAMga zIlA. TIkA, patrAMka 315 (kha) AcArAMga cUrNimUla pATha TippaNa sUtra 320 (ga) Avazyaka cUrNi pR. 324 19. cUrNi ( 1 ) (ka) AcArAMga zIlA, TIkA patrAMka 315 (kha) AcArAMga cUrNi mUlapATha TippaNa sUtra 321 10 NA

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama vikathA meM kevala nidrArUpa pramAda kA hI antarmuhUrta paryaMta unake dvArA sevana kiyA gyaa| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki unhoMne kisI bhI anya pramAda kA jarA bhI sevana nahIM kiyaa| AcArAMga sUtra' ke navama adhyayana kI 15vIM gAthA kI vyAkhyA karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra peDhAla nAmaka grAma meM kollAga nAmaka caitya meM tIna dinoM ke upavAsa meM the| ve kAyotsarga kI mudrA meM avasthita the| unakA zarIra Age kI ora kucha jhukA thaa| unakI dRSTi eka pudgala para nimeSa rahita thii| isa mudrA meM unhoMne eka rAtri mahAmudrA kI ArAdhanA kii|20 bhagavAna mahAvIra ke tapazcaraNa kI yaha vizeSatA thI ki ve atyadhika kaThora tapa karate hue bhI apanI samAdhi arthAt uccatama dhyAnAvasthA ke prati sadaiva sajaga rahate the|21 sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM dhyAna saMbaMdhI nirdeza : __ dvAdazAMgI ke dvitIya aMga sUtrakRtAMga sUtra' ke SaSTha adhyayana ke 'mahAvIratthavo' (vIratthui) meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dhyAna kA saMketa rUpa meM jo ullekha huA hai vaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| bhagavAna dharmadhyAna kI parisImAoM ko pArakara zukla dhyAna kI ArAdhanA meM saMlagna the| "zodhayatyaSTaprakArakarmamalaM zucaM vA klamayatIti zuklam" jo karmamala kA zodhana karane vAlA hai tathA zoka ko aura viSAda ko miTA DAlatA hai use zukla dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dhyAna ArAdhanA meM zukladhyAna ke aise hI svarUpa kA darzana hotA thaa| jaba bAhya abhiniveza miTa jAte haiM to mana meM caMcalatA utpanna hone ke hetu naSTa ho jAte haiN| mana sthiratA prApta kara letA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dhyAna ko haMsa, phena, zaMkha aura indu ke samAna parama zukla evaM atyanta ujjvala batAyA gayA hai| ve anuttara dhyAna ke ArAdhaka kahe gaye haiN|22 anuttara zabda parama 20. AcArAMga cUrNi pR. 300/301 21. AcArAMga vRtti patra 312 22. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra 1.6.16 yuvAcArya zrI madhukara mizrImala jI ma. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna - khaNDa : dvitIya uccAvasthA kA dyotaka hai - "nAsti uttaraM yasmAt tad anuttaram' arthAt jisase Age bar3hakara aura nahIM hotA use anuttara kahA jAtA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dhyAnaArAdhanA anuttara koTi kI thii| sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke saMskRta TIkAkAra mahAn vidvAn AcArya zIlAMka ne isa gAthA kI vyAkhyA karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dhyAna kA vizeSa rUpa se vizleSaNa kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki jisase uttara, pradhAna yA zreSTha anya dharma nahIM hotA vaise anuttara dharma ko bhalIbhA~ti prarUpita kara, prakAzita kara bhagavAna uttama dhyAna dhyAte the| bhagavAna ko jaba jJAna-sarvajJatva, yA kevalajJAna utpanna ho gayA taba ve yoganirodha kAla meM kAyayoga kA nirodha karate hue zukla dhyAna ke tRtIya bheda sUkSmakriyApratipAtI dhyAna meM saMlagna hote the| jaba yogoM kA nirodha ho gayA taba ve zukla dhyAna ke cauthe bheda vyuparatakriyAnivRtti meM abhirata hue the| AgamakAra isI tathya kA digdarzana karAte hae pratipAdana karate haiM ki jo dhyAna atyanta ujjvala-nirmala, svaccha padArtha kI taraha zukla hai, jisase doSa apagata haiM, jo nirdoSa hai, suvarNa ke sadRza nirmala hai athavA jo apagaMDa apadravya rahita jala ke phena - jhAga kI jyoM atyanta vizada hai, mala rahita hai, zaMkha evaM candra ke samAna ekAnta rUpa se avadAta zukla tathA zubhra hai; vaha zukladhyAna kahA jAtA hai| bhagavAna zukla dhyAna ke ukta do bhedoM kI sAdhanA meM nirata rahate the|23 sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke prathama zrutaskaMdha ke 'vIrya' nAmaka aSTama adhyayana ke anta meM paNDitavIrya, prajJAzIla, AtmaparAkramI sAdhaka ke Adarza anuprANita jIvana ke sambandha meM gAthAe~ AyI haiM jo bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa haiN| dUsarI gAthA ke pahale do caraNa "jhANajogaM samAhRTuM kAyaM viusejja savvaso" sAdhaka kI dhyAna parAyaNatA ke dyotaka haiN| kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka dhyAnayoga ko samyak AhRta kara, svAyatta kara pUrNarUpeNa apanI kAya kA vyutsarga kre| yahA~ sAdhaka ke sAdhanAgata anyAnya karttavyoM kA ullekha karane ke sAtha usake dhyAnayogI hone kA vizeSa saMketa hai| dhyAna ke samyak grahaNa karane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki vaha cira abhyAsa dvArA dhyAna meM paripakvatA, dRr3hatA, sthiratA prApta kare aura usameM utanI UrdhvagAmitA prApta kara le ki phira use apanI deha kA bhI bhAna na rhe| 23. sUtrakRtAMga 1.6.16 (zIlAMkAcArya kRta TIkA) pR. 355 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yahA~ eka bAta aura vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna dene yogya hai ki dhyAnayoga ko samyak samAhRta karane kA yahA~ yaha abhiprAya hai ki dhyAnAbhyAsa se pUrva use dehazuddhi, zvAsazuddhi, bhAvazuddhi kI dRSTi se yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma Adi kI sAdhanA bhI, jitanI dhyAnasAdhanA meM apekSita hai, utanI karanI caahie| yoga kA pahalA aMga yama hai jisake antargata ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahma, aparigraha kA samAveza hai| ina pA~coM yamoM kA jIvana meM apane sAmarthya ke anusAra abhyAsa karanA Avazyaka hai| yadyapi sAmAnya sAdhaka ke jIvana meM yaha sampUrNata: sadha nahIM pAtA kyoMki inakI sampUrNatA to taba sadha pAtI hai jaba mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika, kRta, kArita, anumodanA pUrvaka inakI ArAdhanA ho| kintu inameM niSThAzIla honA, jIvana meM inake anusaraNa meM vizvAsa rakhanA to sabhI ke dvArA zakya hai| isI prakAra niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra ke sambandha meM jJAtavya hai| inakA bhI yathAzakya abhyAsa kiyA hI jAnA caahie| isa prakAra tana, mana aura bhAva kI nirmalatA sadha jAne para dhyAnayoga kA samyak avalambana ho jAtA hai| jainayoga ke svanAmadhanya saMpratiSThita AcAryazrI haribhadrasUri ne 'yogabindu' meM pUrvasevA ke nAma se kucha aisI bAtoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jo yoga aura dhyAna sAdhanA ke pUrva jIvana meM utArI jAnI caahie|24 jaba taka mana meM ahiMsA, karuNA, maitrI, samatA, mRdutA, namratA jaise nirmala, komala bhAva avasthita na hoM phira bhI koI vyakti sIdhA hI dhyAna jaisI ucca sAdhanA meM saMlagnatA kA puruSArtha kare to vaha kaise saphala ho sakatA hai ? sUtrakAra ke dvArA jo, 'samyak' samAhRta, pada likhA gayA hai, isameM isI prakAra kA bhAva antarnihita hai| kheda kA viSaya yaha hai ki Aja dhyAnayoga ke upakrama to bahuta calate haiM kintu dhyAnAbhyAsa ke pUrva jaisI kAyika, mAnasika taiyArI honI cAhie usa para bahuta kama lakSya diyA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki kSaNa bhara ke lie jaba taka sAdhaka dhyAna meM baiThatA hai, taba taka zAnti milatI hai, uThane para vilupta ho jAtI hai| ye sandarbha isa tathya ke paricAyaka haiM ki AdhyAtmika sAdhakoM yAnI saMyamiyoM 24. yogabindu zloka 101.130 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i 13 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa: dvitIya ke jIvana meM dhyAna atyanta mahattvapUrNa aMga rahA hai|25 TIkAkAra AcArya zIlAMka ne 'jhANajogaM' pada kA vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki citta kA nirodha karanA asat viSayoM se use rokanA, dharma kA cintana karanA Adi ko dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| usameM mana, vacana evaM zarIra dvArA vizeSa rUpa se saMlagna honA, usase jur3anA dhyAnayoga hai| dhyAnayoga kA acchI taraha upAdAna kara, use grahaNa kara, akuzala azubha yoga meM - pravRttiyoM meM jAte zarIra Adi kA nirodha kara use usa ora na jAne de|26 yahA~ 'jhANajogaM samAharTsa' pada kA artha TIkAkAra ne citta-vRtti kA nirodha kiyA hai| pataMjali ne 'yogasUtra' meM sAdhaka dvArA cittavRttiyoM kA sampUrNata: nirodha kiyA jA sake, yaha sambhava nahIM mAnA hai| ata: unako azubha se mor3akara zubha cintana para ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai taba dharmadhyAna kI sthiti banatI hai| isalie eka mAtra nirodha kA vidhAna vyAvahArika dRSTi se kriyAbhyAsa ke sAtha saMgata pratIta nahIM hotaa| sthAnAMga sUtra meM dhyAna sambandhI vistRta vivecanA : dvAdazAMgI kA tIsarA aMga 'sthAnAMga sUtra' hai| isameM saMkhyA krama se vibhinna viSayoM kA sthAnoM ke rUpa meM vivecana hai| eka-eka padArtha kA jisameM varNana hai vaha prathama sthAna hai| isI krama se uttarottara varNana huA hai| isake caturtha sthAna meM cAra dhyAnoM kA vivecana hai| vahA~ unake prakAra, lakSaNa, Alambana aura anuprekSA kA varNana huA hai| dhyAna ke cAra prakAra - ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna haiN|27 yahA~ jJAtavya yaha hai ki yadyapi Artta aura raudra dhyAna sAdhanA meM anupayogI aura vighnakAraka haiM kintu yahA~ unakA jo ullekha huA hai vaha dhyAna kI azubha, zubha evaM zuddha avasthA ko lakSita kara huA hai| azubha kA parityAga, zubha aura zuddha kA svIkAra sAdhaka kA lakSya hotA hai| parityAjya yA pariheya vastu ko bhI jAnanA Avazyaka hai| saMsAra meM jJeya, upAdeya aura heya tIna prakAra ke padArtha hote haiM, zubha yA azubha 25. sUtrakatAMga sUtra 1.8.26 26. vahI, 1.8.26 (zIlAMkAcArya kRta TIkA) pR. 414 27. sthAnAMga sUtra 4.1.60-72 pR. 222-226 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 14 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sabhI padArtha jJeya haiN| unameM upAdeya ve haiM jo AtmA kA kalyANa karate haiM, hita sAdhate haiN| heya ve haiM jo AtmA ko vikAragrasta banAte haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki yahA~ Arta, raudra kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai tAki unheM jAnakara sAdhaka unakA parityAga kre| ArtadhyAna : ta yAnI pIr3A, du:kha utpanna karane vAlA ArtadhyAna hai| ArttapariNAmoM meM hone vAlA cintAnirodha ArttadhyAna hai| yaha cAra prakAra kA hai ___ 1. amanojJa (apriya) vastu kA saMyoga hone para usake dUra karane kA bArabAra cintana krnaa| 2. manojJa (priya) vastu kA saMyoga hone para usakA viyoga na ho, aisA bArabAra cintana krnaa| 3. AtaMka (ghAtaka roga) hone para usake dUra karane kA bAra-bAra cintana krnaa| 4. prItikAraka, kAmabhoga kA saMyoga hone para usakA viyoga na ho, aisA bArabAra cintana krnaa| sAMsArika vyakti kA prAya: yahI cintana rahatA hai ki use jIvana meM aisA kucha na dekhanA par3e jo usake lie apriyakara ho| kintu karmapariNAmavaza kaba kyA sthiti A jAye, koI nahIM jaantaa| jaba kisI ko apriya vastu, sthiti prApta ho jAtI hai to vaha atyanta vyAkula ho uThatA hai aura bAra-bAra usake mana meM yahI AtA hai ki vaha isa sthiti se kaise chUTe ? vaha atyadhika arti-Antarika pIr3A se kuMThita hotA huA eka mAtra usI meM apane mana ko ekAgra kiye rahatA hai| yaha ekAgratA to hai kintu isakA lakSya dUSita aura vikRta hai| ata: yaha AtmA ke lie azreyaskara hai, aprazasta hai| ___ isI prakAra jaba kisI ko manacAhI vastu prApta ho jAtI hai taba vaha nirantara yahI socatA rahatA hai ki vaha usase kabhI pRthak na ho| kyoMki priya vastu kA sadA saMyoga banA rahe, yaha hara koI cAhatA hai| usake mana meM yaha bhIti banI rahatI hai ki kahIM yaha sthiti calI na jaay| yaha dhyAna bhI pahale kI bhA~ti AtmA kA akalyANa karatA hai| zarIra meM kaba kyA roga utpanna ho jAya, kaba kauna sI vipatti A par3e, kauna ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya jAnatA hai ! jaba kisI ke sAtha aisA ghaTita ho jAtA hai arthAt jaba vaha rogagrasta, pIr3Atura yA saMkliSTa ho jAtA hai taba use aura kucha nahIM sUjhatA, eka mAtra usakA mana isI bAta para ekAgra banA rahatA hai, TikA rahatA hai ki yaha AtaMkapUrNa rugNatA yA kaSTa kaise miTe? isa ekAgratA meM vyakti apane Apako bhUla jAtA hai| kevala usa AtaMkapUrNa paristhiti meM hI ulajhA rahatA hai| yaha bhI eka doSapUrNa manodazA, mAnasika ekAgratA hai| AtmasvarUpa kA jinako bhAna nahIM hotA vaise kAmabhogArthI jana kAmya, bhogya padArthoM kI prApti hone para unhIM meM ulajhe rahate haiN| kahIM ye kAma-bhoga naSTa na ho jaoNya, eka mAtra yahI bhAva, yahI ekAgratA unameM banI rahatI hai| ye cAroM bheda anukUla, pratikUla athavA priya, apriya avasthAoM para Tike hue haiN| kyoMki ina binduoM para ekAgratA banatI hai, isalie ye dhyAna saMjJA ke antargata to Ate haiM kintu ye sarvathA anupAdeya evaM pariheya haiN| ArtadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa kahe gaye haiM, jaise - 1. krandanatA 2. zocanatA 3. tepanatA 4. pridevntaa| krandanatA se tAtparya hai krandana karanA, U~cI AvAja meM karAhate hue rudana krnaa| jaba apriya avasthA banI rahatI hai, priya avasthA calI jAtI hai taba ajJa puruSa kI aisI hI sthiti hotI hai| vaha dainyabhAva prakaTa karatA huA zoka karatA hai, usake netroM se azrudhArA bahane lagatI hai aura vaha karuNAjanaka zabdoM meM vilApa karatA hai| jaba kisI meM ye sthitiyA~ prApta hoM taba kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha ArttadhyAna kI sthiti meM hai| ye krandana, rudana Adi kriyAyeM azubha karmabandha kI hetu haiN| Y raudradhyAna: nirantara rudra yA krUra kAryoM ko karanA, Arambha-samArambha meM lage rahanA, unako karate hue jIvarakSA kA vicAra na karanA, jhUTha bolate aura corI karate hue bhI parapIr3A kA vicAra na karake Anandita honA, ye sarva raudradhyAna ke kArya kahe gaye haiN| raudradhyAna ke cAra prakAra : hiMsAnubandhI : nirantara hiMsaka pravRttiyoM meM tanmayatA karAne vAlI citta kI ekaagrtaa| 2. mRSAnubandhI : asatya bhASaNa sambandhI ekaagrtaa| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 16 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1.

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama 3. steyAnubandhI : nirantara corI karane - karAne kI pravRtti sambandhI ekaagrtaa| saMrakSaNAnubandhI : parigraha ke arjana aura saMrakSaNa sambandhI tnmytaa| raudradhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa : 1. utsanna doSa : hiMsAdi kisI eka pApa meM nirantara pravRtti krnaa| 2. bahudoSa : hiMsAdi sabhI pApoM meM sadA saMlagna rhnaa| ajJAnadoSa : kuzAstroM ke saMskAra se hiMsAdi adhArmika kAryoM ko dharma maannaa| 4. AmaraNAnta doSa : maraNa kAla taka bhI hiMsAdi karane kA anutApa na honaa| raudra kA artha rudratA yA krUratApUrNa AcaraNa hai| hiMsA aisA karma hai jise karate samaya vyakti atyanta krUra hotA hai| usameM karuNA yA dayA kA bhAva sarvathA lupta ho jAtA hai| isalie vaha nirantara vaisI pravRtti meM saMlagna rahatA hai| vaha kutsita, doSapUrNa yA mithyAzAstroM ke saMskAra ke kAraNa hiMsAdi pApapUrNa kAryoM ko dharma mAnatA huA unameM saMlagna rahatA hai| ina pravRttimUlaka cihnoM yA lakSaNoM ko dekhane se yaha parijJAta hotA hai ki amuka vyakti raudradhyAna kI sthiti meM hai| Artta, raudradhyAna ke svarUpa, lakSaNa, duSpariNAma ityAdi kA jaba bhalIbhA~ti jJAna ho jAtA hai taba vyakti una para gaharAI se cintana karatA hai, phalasvarUpa usake mana meM yaha bhAvodreka prakaTa hotA hai ki vaha apane Apa ko inase bcaaye| dharmadhyAna : dharmadhyAna cAra prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, (1) AjJAvicaya (2) apAyavicaya (3) vipAkavicaya (4) sNsthaanvicy| AjJA kA artha tIrthaMkara deva kI dharmadezanA yA dharmopadeza hai| vicaya zabda vicAra kA sUcaka hai| isa dhyAna meM sAdhaka jinaprarUpita tattvoM, siddhAntoM ke cintanavimarza meM apane Apako saMlagna karatA hai, anya saba ora se usakI dRSTi haTa jAtA hai| isI meM vaha apane ko lIna banA detA hai| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 17 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna - khaNDa : dvitIya apAyavicaya - apAya kA artha patana, saMkaTa yA vighna hai| athavA saMsArI jIva ke rUpa meM utpanna honA AtmA ke lie patana rUpa hai| usake kAraNoM para, usase bacane ke upAyoM para cintana meM apane ko saMlagna karanA apAyavicaya hai| jainadarzana karmavAdI darzana hai| mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika pravRttiyoM dvArA karma-pudgaloM kA bandha hotA hai| unakI sthiti ke anusAra unakA vipAka yA paripAka hotA hai, ve phala dete haiN| isa viSaya para apane mana ko saMlIna karanA vipAkavicaya hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra yaha loka puruSAkAra hai| yahI apane - apane karmoM ke anusAra jIvoM ke janma-maraNa kA AdhAra hai| loka ke svarUpa ke cintana meM mana ko samAyojita karanA saMsthAnavicaya hai| ina cAroM hI dhyAnoM meM jIva apane anta:svarUpa kI ora unmukha hone kI preraNA prApta karatA hai| ina cAroM ke bhinna-bhinna viSaya aise haiM jo AtmA ke sAtha sIdhe jur3e hue haiN| sarvajJa vItarAga prabhu kI vANI sarvathA tathya, satya aura visaMvAdarahita hai| isa para cintana karate rahane se mana meM usake prati saghana zraddhA kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai jisase AtmA meM ujjva latA AtI hai| saMsAra meM patana ke kAraNoM se apane Apa ko dUra rakhane ke cintana meM ekAgra hone se sahaja hI mana meM yaha preraNA jAgatI hai ki vaha aise azubha-asat- apavitra kArya na kare, jinase use bhavacakra meM bhramaNa karanA pdd'e| ___ karmoM ke vipAka para cintana se hI sAdhaka ke mana meM yaha antarbhAva jAgRta hotA hai ki use karma karate samaya atyanta jAgarUka rahanA caahie| aise karma kabhI na kareM jinake pariNAma-svarUpa jIva ko aneka saMkaTa-kaSTa jhelane pdd'eN| jaba sAdhaka loka ke virAT svarUpa ke cintana meM apane ko niyojita karatA hai to use sahaja hI yaha bhAna hone lagatA hai ki isa loka meM usakA astitva kitanAsA hai| vaha kisa bAta kA garva kare, vaha to isake atIva choTe-se-choTe bhAga para avasthita hai| usakA ahaMkAra dUra hone lagatA hai| use apanA astitva-bodha prApta hotA hai| dharmadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa : (1) AjJAruci (2) nisargaruci (3) sUtraruci (4) avgaaddh'ruci| jisa prakAra Arta aura raudradhyAna ke lakSaNa nirUpita hue haiM jinase unakI pahacAna hotI hai, usI taraha dharmadhyAna kI pahacAna ke lie ye cAra lakSaNa pratipAdita hue haiN| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 18 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ vocatalotrwadmaRITE

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khaNDa: dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AjJAvicaya dhyAna meM jinapravacana ke cintana meM ekAgra honA batalAyA gayA hai| yahA~ usakI pahacAna kI ora saMketa hai| jina-AjJAvicaya para jo cintana satata jur3A rahatA hai use apane dhyAna kA viSaya banA letA hai usameM sahaja hI jinaprarUpita tattvoM ke vicAra, cintana-manana meM ruci utpanna hotI hai| unake prati zraddhA kA bhAva udbhUta hotA hai tathA bhakti bhAva kA srota umar3ane lagatA hai| jaba yaha vyakti meM dRSTigocara hotA hai to yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki yaha jIva dharmadhyAna kA ArAdhaka hai| jaba sarvajJaprarUpita tattvoM meM abhiruci, vizvAsa aura bhakti utpanna ho jAtI hai to usake mana meM dhArmika kRtyoM ke prati jo jinavANI meM vyAkhyAta hue haiM, sahaja hI ruci utpanna ho jAtI hai| Agama bhagavat vANI kA pratinidhitva karate haiM kyoMki jinendra dvArA artharUpa meM bhASita aura unake pramukha antevAsI gaNadharoM dvArA zabda rUpa meM saMkalita Agama hameM vaha bodha pradAna karate haiM jisase hamArI AtmA kA kalyANa hotA hai| dharmadhyAna ke ArAdhaka kI sUtra-Agama ke paThana-pAThana aura parizIlana meM abhiruci rahatI hai kyoMki vaha yaha jAnatA hai ki isase usako tattvoM kA bodha prApta hogA, jisase dhArmika kRtyoM ko bhalIbhA~ti sAdha pAne kA yathArtha patha prApta ho skegaa| cauthe lakSaNa meM avagAr3ha ruci zabda AyA hai, yaha bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| paThana-pAThana, cintana-manana taba sArthakya pAtA hai jaba ArAdhaka unameM DUba jAtA hai, nimagna ho jAtA hai, vaisA hone se use tattvadarzana samyak AtmasAt ho jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna ke ArAdhaka meM aisA bhI bhAva banA rahatA hai ki vaha sUtrAnuzIlana meM tanmayatA prApta kara le| dharmadhyAna ke cAra Alambana : 1. vAcanA 2. pratipRcchanA 3. parivartana 4. anuprekssaa| Alambana kA artha AdhAra yA TikAva hai| kisI bhI padArtha kI avasthiti ke lie AdhAra yA Alambana kI nitAnta AvazyakatA rahatI hai| vItarAgadeva kI AjJA para cintana, usameM abhiruci aura usameM nimagna ho jAne kI bhAvanA ke panapane ke cAra AdhAra haiN| pahalA AdhAra vAcanA hai| vAcanA kA artha par3hanA, samajhapUrvaka par3hanA hai| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 19 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya prajJAzIla janoM kI to aura bAta hai, sAdhAraNa vyakti ko apane paThana meM kahIM bhI zaMkA, jijJAsA ho to use jJAnI gurujana se unakA nivAraNa karanA, samAdhAna pAnA apekSita hai / pratipRcchanA kA yahI abhiprAya haiN| zruta, zAstra yA vidyA tabhI bhalIbhA~ti adhigata hotI hai, jaba usakI bArabAra AvRtti kI jAya, abhyAsa kiyA jaay| aisA karane se usakA tAtparya acchI taraha hRdayaMgama ho jAtA hai| abhyAsa nahIM karane se vidyA viSa ke tulya ho jAtI hai arthAt vaha adhyetA ke lie upayogI nahIM rahatI / aparipakva yA adhUrA jJAna hAniprada bhI hotA hai / jisa taraha pAcana na hone se bhojana viSa jaisA prabhAva karatA hai usI prakAra aparipakva yA adhUrA jJAna hAniprada hotA hai / use hRdaya punarAvartana kA bhAva mUla vANI ko bAra-bAra Avartita karate hu meM jamA lenA, kaMThastha kara lenA hai| usase Age kI bhUmikA usake artha kA anuprekSaNa kara usa para cintana-manana karane kI hai| cauthe Alambana anuprekSA kA yahI Azaya hai| dharmadhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~ : (1) ekatvAnuprekSA (2) anityAnuprekSA (3) azaraNAnuprekSA ( 4 ) saMsArAnuprekSA / yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki AgamakAra ne Artta, raudra dhyAna kA jo paricaya karAyA hai vaha jJeyatva, heyatva kI dRSTi se hai, arthAt unheM jAnanA cAhie aura unakA parityAga karanA cAhie / dharmadhyAna kA paricaya upAdeyatva kI dRSTi se hai arthAt use svIkAra karanA cAhie, usakA abhyAsa karanA cAhie, usameM tanmaya honA cAhie / ataeva unake lakSaNoM ke sAtha-sAtha unake AlambanoM kA kathana kiyA gayA aura unakI anuprekSAoM kA bhI tridhAna kiyA gayA jo ekatva, anityatva, azaraNatva tathA saMsArAnuprekSA ke rUpa meM cAra prakAra kI haiN| ye anuprekSAe~ sAdhaka ke dhyAnopakrama ko sudRr3ha aura sazakta banAtI haiN| yaha tathya hai ki jIva akelA hI janma letA hai, svakRta karmAnurUpa sukhamaya, duHkhamaya phala bhogatA hai aura akelA hI vaha saMsAra - sAgara meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| isa anuprekSA kI upAdeyatA yaha hai ki mAnava bar3A digbhrAnta rahatA hai, vaha samajhatA hai maiM akelA nahIM huuN| mere kitane sampanna sambala pArivArika mitrajana haiN| isa ajJAnajanita 20

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama bhrAnti ke svarUpa vaha Atmabodha khoye rahatA hai aura dhArmika cintana meM saMlagna hone meM na usakI ruci hotI hai tathA na usa ora kabhI vaha samudyata hotA hai| yadi mAnava jIvana kI kriyA-prakriyA para vicAra kareM to hameM Aja lagabhaga aisA hI dikhalAI par3atA hai| isa bhrama aura ajJAna ko dUra karane meM ekatvAnuprekSA atyanta preraNAspada hai| upAdhyAya vinayavijaya jI ne kitanA sundara likhA hai : "eka utpadyate tanumAn, eka eva vipadyate ! eka eva hi karma cinute ekaikaH phala-maznute !!28 arthAt prANI akelA hI utpanna hotA hai, vaha akelA hI vipanna hotA hai, kaSTa pAtA hai, maraNa pAtA hai, vaha akelA hI karmoM kA saMcaya karatA hai aura akelA hI unakA phala bhogatA hai| sAMsArika mAnava meM eka bar3I mAnasika durbalatA yaha hai ki vaha bhautika padArthoM ko sAMsArika upAdAnoM ko jo nazvara haiM, nitya mAnatA hai isalie dhana-vaibhava, sAdhanasAmagrI ityAdi meM mohamUr3ha banA rahatA hai| sahI mArga para vaha tabhI A sakatA hai jaba usake mana meM yaha bhAva baddhamUla ho jAya ki ye sAMsArika bhautika padArtha vinazvara haiM, anitya haiN| isa prakAra kA anuprekSaNa, cintana-manthana sAMsArika padAgoM ke sAtha vidyamAna usakI Asakti ko dUra karatA hai| anityAnuprekSA kA yahI abhipreta hai| sAMsArika vyakti kI yaha mAnyatA dekhI jAtI hai ki vaha apane parivAra, dhanasampatti tathA suhRdjanoM ko apane lie surakSAkendra yA zaraNa mAnatA hai| usakA aisA vizvAsa dRSTigocara hotA hai ki ina sabake hote use kauna hAni pahu~cA sakatA hai| kintu usakA yaha vizvAsa sarvathA mithyA hai| karmajanita roga, pIr3A evaM du:kha ko koI bhI nahIM bA~Ta sakatA, koI bhI nahIM miTA sktaa| cAhe koI apane ko hIroM se taula de kintu karmaja vyAdhi to kisI ke dvArA miTAyI hI nahIM jaatii| isalie satya aura yathArtha yaha hai ki prANI ke lie koI bhI zaraNabhUta nahIM hai| vaha nitAnta azaraNa, asahAya aura asurakSita hai| yaha anuprekSaNa-cintana sAdhaka ko dharmadhyAna meM abhirata, saMlagna bane rahane meM sphUrti pradAna karatA hai| azaraNAnuprekSA ka yahI abhiprAya hai| 28. zAnta sudhArasa bhAvanA, ekatva bhAvanA gItikA 1 padya 2 pR. 21

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya yaha saMsAra manuSya, nAraka, deva, tiryaMcaM rUpa cAra gatiyoM se yukta hai| saMsAra ke sabhI prANI vividha rUpoM meM inhIM cAra gatiyoM meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| apane-apane karmoM ke anusAra ve utpanna hote haiM, dehAvasAna prApta karate haiM, anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM ko jhelate haiN| yaha anAdi kAla se calA A rahA hai / bhavacakra bar3A viSama evaM durgama hai| jo apanA vAstavika svarUpa na samajhakara dharmAnuprANita nahIM hotA vaha isI caturgatimaya jAgatika jaMjAla meM aTakA rahatA hai / saMsArAnuprekSA saMsAra ke svarUpa kA bodha karAte hue AtmasvarUponmukha banane kI preraNA pradAna karatI hai / dharmadhyAna dvArA AtmotthAna ke isa maulika darzana kA uttaravartI AcAryoM ne aneka rUpoM meM vistAra kiyA, naye-naye AyAma isameM jor3e gae jinakA Akalana zodhaprabandha meM Age kiyA jAyegA / zukladhyAna : AD yaha dhyAna AtmA kI siddhi kA mUlamaMtra hai / vairAgya bala se dhArAvAhI manoyogapUrvaka cintana se viSaya kaSAyoM kA sambandha sarvathA pRthak ho jAtA hai / zarIra kA chedana-bhedana hone para bhI sthira huA citta leza mAtra bhI calAyamAna nahIM hotA, meru sama aTala rahatA hai, apane AtmasvarUpa, satcit Ananda ko prApta karatA hai yaha zukla dhyAna kI sthiti hai| isake cAra bheda haiM : (1) pRthaktvavitarka vicAra ( 2 ) ekatvavitarka avicAra ( 3 ) sUkSmakriya anivRtti (4) samucchinna kriya apratipAtI sthAnAMga sUtra kI vRtti meM zukladhyAna ke bhedoM ke saMdarbha meM vitarka aura vicAra kA vivecana karate hue pratipAdita huA hai ki zrutAvalambI vikalpa vitarka hai| vicAra kA abhiprAya parivartana hai jaise pUrvadhara muni pUrvazruta ke anusAra kisI eka dravyA Alambana lekara dhyAna karatA hai parantu usake kisI eka pariNAma yA paryAya para vaha sthira yA ekAgra nahIM rahatA, vaha usake vividha pariNAmoM yA paryAyoM para vicaraNa karatA hai / zabda se artha aura artha se zabda para vicaraNa karatA hai / mana vacana aura kAya meM se kisI eka dUsare para saMkramaNa karatA hai, vividha dRSTikoNoM se usa para cintana karatA hai| yaha pRthaktva vitarka vicAra kA svarUpa hai| 29 29. sthAnAMga sUtra (4 / 1 / 247 ) vRtti patra 191 22

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khaNDa : dvitIya pRthaktvavitarka vicAra : isameM artha, vyaMjana aura yoga kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| eka zabda ko vicAra kara dUsare zabda meM pravRtta honA zabda saMkramaNa hai / eka yoga ko chor3akara dUsare yoga meM pravRtta honA yoga saMkramaNa hai / eka padArtha kA vicAra kara use chor3a dUsare padArtha meM vicAra kA jAnA artha saMkramaNa hai| isameM zrutajJAna kA AdhAra lekara bhinna - bhinna dRSTikoNoM se jar3a - cetana, mUrta- amUrta, utpAda, vyaya, paryAya, dravyoM kA cintana-manana kiyA jAtA hai| maharSi pataMjali ne 'yogasUtra' meM savitarkasamApatti kA jo varNana kiyA hai 30 vaha pRthaktvavitarka vicAra zukladhyAna se tulanIya hai / vahA~ zabda, artha aura jJAna ina tInoM vikalpoM se saMkIrNa sammilita samApatti samAdhi ko savitarka samApatti kahA gayA hai| jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jaina evaM pAtaMjala yoga se sambaddha ina tInoM vidhAoM kI gaharAI meM jAne se aneka dArzanika tathyoM kA prAkaTya sambhava hai| kSapaka ekatva vitarka avicAra zukladhyAna : bArahaveM guNasthAnavartI kSINamohI sAdhaka kI manovRtti itanI sthira ho jAtI hai ki vahA~ na dravya, guNa, paryAya ke cintana kA parivartana hotA hai aura na artha, vyaMjana (zabda) aura yogoM kA hI saMkramaNa hotA hai / kintu vaha dravya, guNa yA paryAya meM se kisI eka ke gambhIra evaM sUkSma cintana saMlagna rahatA hai aura usakA vaha cintana kisI eka artha, zabda yA yoga ke Alambana se hotA hai| usa samaya vaha ekAgratA kI carama koTi para pahu~ca jAtA hai aura isI dUsare zukladhyAna kI prajvalita agni meM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya karma kI sarva prakRtiyoM ko bhasma kara anantajJAna, darzana aura bala-vIrya kA dhAraka sayogI jina bana kara terahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai / - maharSi pataMjali dvArA varNita nirvitarka samApatti ekatva vitarka avicAra se tulanIya hai pataMjali likhate haiM- jaba smRtiparizuddha ho jAtI hai arthAt zabda aura pratIti kI smRti lupta ho jAtI hai / cittavRtti kevala arthamAtra kA dhyeya mAtra kA nirbhAsa karAne vAlI, dhyeya mAtra ke svarUpa ko pratyakSa karAne vAlI hokara svayaM svarUpa zUnya kI taraha bana jAtI hai taba vaisI sthiti nirvitarka samApatti se saMjJita hotI hai / 31 30. yogasUtra 1.42 31. yogasUtra 1.43 23 -

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya ___ maharSi pataMjali ke anusAra yaha vivecana sthUla dhyeya padArthoM kI dRSTi se hai, jahA~ dhyeya padArtha sUkSma hoM vahA~ ukta donoM kI saMjJA vicAra aura nirvicAra samAdhi ho jAtI hai|32 yaha tulanA kevala bAhya svarUpa kI dRSTi se hai| zukla dhyAna kI sthiti inase aura adhika sUkSma evaM anta:sparzinI hotI hai| sthAnAMga sUtra kI saMskRta vRtti meM AcArya abhayadeva sUri ne ekatvavitarka avicAra saMjJaka zukladhyAna ke dUsare bheda kA vizleSaNa karate hue kahA hai ki utpAda Adi paryAyoM ke ekatva - abheda vRtti se kisI eka paryAya kA caitasika ekAgratA ke sAtha ciMtana karanA, usa para sthira honA ekatva hai| isa dhyAna meM artha, vyaMjana evaM yogoM kA saMkramaNa nahIM hotaa| pavana rahita sthAna meM sannihita dIpaka jaise spandanAdi kriyAoM se rahita hokara prakAza karatA hai, usI bhA~ti AtmA yogAdi meM saMkramaNa na karate hue dhyAna meM samavasthita rahatI hai| isa dhyAna ke pariNAmasvarUpa mohakarma sarvathA kSINa ho jAtA hai| dvAdaza guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka meM yaha dhyAna ghaTita hotA hai|33 sUkSmakriya anivRtti zukladhyAna : terahaveM guNasthAnavartI sayogI jina kA AyuSya jaba antarmuharta pramANamAtra zeSa rahatA hai aura usI kI barAbara sthiti vAle vedanIya, nAma aura gotra karma raha jAte haiM taba ve sayogI jina bAdara tathA sUkSma sarva manoyoga aura vacana yogoM kA nirodha kara sUkSma kAyayoga kA Alambana lekara sUkSmakriyaanivRtti dhyAna dhyAte haiN| isa samaya zvAsocchvAsa jaisI sUkSma kriyA zeSa rahatI hai aura isa avasthA se nivRtti yA vApisa lauTanA nahIM hotA hai, ata: ise sUkSmakriya anivRtti kahate haiN| samucchinna kriya apratipAtI : yaha zukladhyAna sUkSma kAyayoga kA nirodha hone para caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai aura yogoM kI pravRtti kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAne se AtmA ayogI jina ho jAtA hai| isa cauthe zukla dhyAna dvArA ve ayogI jina aghAti karmoM kI zeSa rahI 85 prakRtiyoM kI pratikSaNa asaMkhyAta guNita krama se nirjarA karate hue antima kSaNa meM karma-lepa se sarvathA vimukta hokara siddha paramAtmapada ko prApta 32. vahI, 1.44 33. sthAnAMgasUtra (4.1.247) vRtti pR. 191 / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 24 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kara lete haiN| isa prakAra zukladhyAna se yogakriyA samucchinna (sarvathA vinaSTa) ho jAtI hai aura usase nIce patana nahIM hotA, ata: isakA samucchinnakriya apratipAtI yaha sArthaka nAma hai| . zukladhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa : zukladhyAna ke sadhane ke cAra lakSaNa batalAye gaye haiN| ve haiM (1) avyatha (2) asammoha (3) viveka aura (4) vyutsrg| zukladhyAna meM avasthita ArAdhaka atyadhika AtmasthiratA prApta karatA jAtA hai| isalie bAhara kI pratikUla paristhitiyA~ ise vicalita nahIM kara pAtI haiN| vaha kisI bhI prakAra kI vyathA yA pIr3A se, parISahoM se, parotpAdita kaSToM se vyathita nahIM hotA, kadApi kSubdha nahIM hotA, 'avyatha' zabda kA yahI bhAva hai| sAdhanA kA mArga bar3A kaMTakAkIrNa hai| usameM anekAneka vighna upasthita hote haiN| yadi sAdhaka paripakva na ho to ve use mohamUr3ha banA dete haiN| mithyAtvI deva Adi bhI use dhyAna se vicalita karane kA duSprayAsa karate haiM kintu zukladhyAna kA ArAdhaka yadi antarjAgarUkatA liye hotA hai to vaha kadApi vimohita nahIM hotaa| 'asammoha' isI bhAva kA dyotaka hai| zukladhyAna ke ArAdhaka meM uttama bhedavijJAna kI sthiti utpanna ho jAtI hai| vaha sabhI saMyogoM ko apanI AtmA se sarvathA bhinna mAnatA hai| aisA bhedavijJAna jaba ho jAtA hai, taba sAdhaka meM sahaja hI apanI vizuddhAvasthA meM bane rahane kI kSamatA A jAtI hai| aisA hone ke mUla meM viveka kI pRSThabhUmi hai| jaba viveka adhigata ho jAtA hai taba bhedavijJAna niSpanna hotA hai| sAdhaka jaba sva-para ke bheda se sarvathA abhijJa ho jAtA hai taba jAgatika padArthoM ke prati yahA~ taka ki apane deha ke prati bhI usakA mamatva miTa jAtA hai| vaha apane deha ke lie upayogI vastuoM meM bhI sarvathA AsaktizUnya bana jAtA hai| yaha atyanta ni:saMgatA kI sthiti hai| anAsaktimaya jIvana kA yaha utkRSTa rUpa hai jo zukladhyAna meM pratiphalita hotA hai| ye caturvidha lakSaNa yA sAdhaka ke jIvana kI cAra sthitiyA~ usake zukladhyAnarata hone kI pahacAna haiN| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 25 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya zukladhyAna ke cAra Alambana : (1) kSAnti (2) mukti (3) Arjava aura (4) mArdava, zukladhyAna ke ye cAra Alambana prajJapta hue haiN| kSAnti kA artha kSamAzIlatA hai| yaha taba sadhatI hai jaba anukUla pratikUla ke bheda se vyakti U~cA uTha jAtA hai| yahA~ mukti kA artha lobhAtmaka vRtti se U~cA uThanA hai| yaha bhI AtmA kI zuddhatvopapanna dazA hai| Arjava kA abhiprAya RjutA yA saralatA hai| mArdava kA Azaya mRdutA yA komalatA hai| ina cAroM hI kA abhiprAya AtmA kI nirmalatA, pavitratA evaM sAtvikatA ke sAtha jur3A hai| dharmadhyAna jaise ucca UrdhvagAmI sAdhanA patha para agrasara sAdhaka sahajarUpa meM inakA anuprekSaNa karate rahate haiN| ye Atma-nairmalya ke ve rUpa haiM jinase usakI sahajatA abhivyakta hotI hai| zukladhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~ : (1) anantavRttitAnuprekSA (2) vipariNAmAnuprekSA (3) azubhAnuprekSA (4) apaayaanuprekssaa| jIva apane karmoM ke anusAra dIrgha kAla taka saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| eka jIva saMsAra ke samasta pudgaloM kA jaba kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM upayoga kara letA hai taba use eka pudgalaparAvarta kahA jAtA hai| aise ananta pudgalaparAvartoM meM se use gujaranA hotA hai| jaba vaha carama pudgala parAvarta meM hotA hai taba kahIM svata: prerita Atma-parAkrama ke bala se mithyAtva kI granthi ko bhagna karane kI dizA meM unmukha hotA hai| isa prakAra kA cintana anantavRttitAnuprekSA hai| yaha zukladhyAna meM saMpravRtta sAdhaka meM hotI hai| saMsAra ke vibhinna padArtha vividha pariNamanoM meM se gujarate haiN| pariNamanoM kA vaividhya anekAneka rUpa liye rahatA hai| yaha bhI anta:cintana kI sUkSma prakriyA hai jo vipariNAmAnuprekSA meM ghaTita hotI hai| tattvata: yaha saMsAra, zarIra aura bhautika bhoga-sukha azubha haiN| AtmA ke lie ve azreyaskara aura akalyANakArI haiN| sUkSma, talasparzI dRSTikoNa se aisA vicAra karanA azubhAnuprekSA hai| Atma-vikAsa meM apAya, vighna, bAdhA, avarodha utpanna karane vAle doSoM para ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 26

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jo rAga - dveSa ke kAraNa utpanna hote haiM, sUkSma cintana karanA apAyAnuprekSA hai| sUkSma dhyAna gahana Antarika anubhUti kA viSaya hai| yaha sAmAnya sAdhakoM ke nahIM sdhtaa| uccatama guNasthAnoM ko prApta mahAn adhyAtmayogiyoM ke yaha sadhatA hai| jaisA Upara vivecana kiyA gayA hai, isa dhyAna meM yogI bahirjagat se chUTatA-chUTatA antarjagat meM itanA lIna ho jAtA hai ki antata: vaha jIvana kA parama sAdhya parinirvANa yA mokSa adhigata kara letA hai| yaha yogI kI sAdhanA kA parama zreyaspUrNa paryavasAna hai| samavAyAMga sUtra meM dhyAna : dvAdazAMgI ke caturtha aMga 'samavAya' ke cauthe samavAya meM dhyAna ke cAroM bhedoM kA ullekha huA hai| isI sUtra meM battIsaveM samavAya meM battIsa yogasaMgrahoM kA varNana AtA hai| inameM mukhya rUpa se una tathyoM kA samAkalana hai jo eka adhyAtmayogI sAdhaka ke jIvana meM pariSkAra lAte haiN| inake antargata dhyAna saMvarayoga' aTThAIsavA~ yogasaMgraha hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sAdhaka dharmadhyAna ko svAyatta karane tathA zukladhyAna taka pahu~cane, usa dizA meM bar3hane ke lie Asrava dvAroM kA saMvaraNa kregaa| Avazyaka niyukti meM 'dhyAna saMvara yoga' kA Azaya 'sUkSma dhyAna' hai| bhagavatI sUtra aura dhyAna : dvAdazAMgI ke pA~caveM aMga 'vyAkhyAprajJapti' sUtra meM gautama gaNadhara aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke praznottara ke rUpa meM dhyAna kA vizada vivecana huA hai| gautama ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se pRcchA kI ki "bhagavan ! dhyAna kyA hai? kitane prakAra kA hai ?" bhagavAna ne uttara diyA, "gautama ! dhyAna ke cAra prakAra AtaM, raudra, dharma aura zukla haiN|"36 isa Agama meM ina cAroM dhyAnoM ke svarUpa, lakSaNa Adi kA vaisA hI varNana hai jaisA sthAnAMga sUtra meM hai| vistAra evaM piSTapeSaNa ke bhaya se hama yahA~ usakI carcA nahIM kara rahe haiN| bhagavAna isI saMdarbha meM apanI adhyAtma sAdhanA ke antargata dhyAnAtmaka prakriyA va anubhUti kA vivecana karate hue apane ziSya gautama gaNadhara se kahate haiM - 34. samavAyAMga sUtra samavAya 4.20 pR.11 35. samavAyAMga sUtra samavAya 32 pR. 93 36. bhagavatI sUtra 25.7.509-513 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 27 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya "maiM chadmastha avasthA meM thA taba gyAraha varSa kA sAdhu paryAya pAlatA huA nirantara dodo dina ke upavAsa karatA huA, tapa evaM saMyama dvArA AtmA ko bhAvita, svabhAvApluta karatA huA, grAmAnugrAma viharaNa karatA huA suMsubhAra nagara pahu~cA / vahA~ azoka vanakhaNDa nAmaka udyAna meM azoka vRkSa ke nIce pRthvI para sthita zilApaTTa ke pAsa aayaa| donoM paira saMhRta kiye - sikor3e, Asanastha huA, bhujAoM ko lambA kiyA phailAyA / eka pudgala para dRSTi sthApita kI / netroM ko animeSa rakhA, deha ko thor3A jhukAyA / aMgoM ko, indriyoM ko yathAvat Atmakendrita rkhaa| eka rAtri kI mahApratimA svIkAra kii| yaha krama Age vihAracaryA meM cAlU rhaa|' 137 PPP bhagavAna ke tapazcaraNa kA yaha prasaMga unake dhyAna, mudrA, Asana, avasthiti Adi kI ora iMgita karatA hai| isake AdhAra para spaSTa rUpa meM to kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kintu itanA avazya anumeya hai ki unake dhyAna kA apanA koI vizeSa krama avazya rahA, jisakA vizada varNana hameM jaina AgamoM meM prApta nahIM hotA / uparyukta saMdarbhoM se yaha vyakta hotA hai ki jaina sAdhanA ke antargata sAdhaka dhyAna kA vizeSa rUpa se abhyAsa karate haiN| yaha unakI dainaMdina caryA kA mukhya bhAga hai| dhyAna ke sAtha sAtha Asana vizeSa ke bhI prayoga hote rahe haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki uttaravartI kAla meM dhyAnasAdhanA kA prayoga kama hotA gayA tathA anazana Adi tapa para adhika jora diyA jAtA rahA / sambhava hai aisI vizeSa racanA bhI rahI ho, jisameM dhyAna-viSayaka sabhI pakSoM kA sAGgopAMga vivecana huA ho kintu vaha sAhitya surakSita na raha sakA ho / AcArya bhadrabAhu ke sambandha meM yaha ullekha hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke lagabhaga 160 varSa pazcAt pATaliputra meM AcArya sthUlibhadra ke netRtva meM AgamoM kI prathama vAcanA huI / isa vAcanA meM bArahavA~ aMga 'dRSTivAda' kisI ko smaraNa nahIM thaa| usake jJAtA kevala AcArya bhadrabAhu the / ve usa samaya nepAla meM 'mahAprANa dhyAna' kI sAdhanA kara rahe the / vaha 'mahAprANa dhyAna' kyA thA isakA koI ullekha prApta nahIM hotA / sambhavata: prANavAyu ke AdhAra para dhyAna kI koI vizeSa prakriyA rahI hogI / 37. vahI, 3.2.105 28

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AtmA kI ( cetanA kI ) pariNati ke tIna rUpa batalAye gaye haiM(1) hIyamAna, (2) avasthita aura (3) varddhamAna hIyamAna vaha pariNati hai jo kramazaH ghaTatI jAtI hai| varddhamAna use kahA jAtA hai jo kramaza: varddhanonmukha hotI hai / avasthita use kahA jAtA hai jo hAni tathA vRddhi se rahita hotI hai / avasthita pariNati meM na to hIyamAnatA hotI hai aura na varddhamAnatA hotI hai, usameM avasthitA yA sthiratA hotI hai| hIyamAna tathA varddhamAna pariNati meM ekAgratA nahIM sadha pAtI / kevala avasthitatA meM hI ekAgratA pratiphalita hotI hai| dhyAna kA sambandha ekAgratA se hai / isalie use avasthita pariNati se jor3A jA sakatA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura gaNadhara gautama ke praznottaroM ke rUpa meM eka prasaMga AyA hai / gautama ne bhagavAna se pUchA - "bhagavan ! avasthita pariNati kitane samaya taka ho sakatI hai ? usakA kAlamAna kyA hai ?" bhagavAna ne samAdhAna karate hue kahA, " gautama ! avasthita pariNati kama-se-kama eka samaya aura adhika se adhika antarmuhUrta taka ho sakatI hai|' isI AdhAra para dhyAna kA kAlamAna nirdhArita kiyA gayA jisakA anusaraNa -karate hue uttaravartI AcAryoM ne use vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| jJAtavya yaha hai ki dhyAna kA sAtatya aura nairantarya antarmuhUrta se adhika ho nahIM sakatA, jo Aja kAlaparyanta satata dhyAna nimagnatA kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai vaha Agamika dRSTi se yathArtha nahIM hai| hA~, itanA avazya hai ki antarmuhUrta ke pazcAt punaH dhyAna kA krama prArambha kiyA jA sakatA hai arthAt pUrvavartI dhyAna se use jor3A jA sakatA hai / isa taraha Age bhI yaha krama gatizIla raha sakatA hai| yoM madhyavartI vyavadhAna pUrvaka dIrghakAlika dhyAna bhI ho sakatA hai| kintu avyavahita nirantara ke rUpa meM vaisA nahIM hotA / yaha kathana sarva sAdhAraNa kI dRSTi se hai| uccatama guNasthAnavartI sAdhakoM para lAgU nahIM hotA / usa koTi ke sAdhaka Aja prApta bhI nahIM haiM 38 1 bhagavatI sUtra ke pazcAt jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, antakRtadazA aura anuttaraupapAtikadazA ye cAra grantha kathAtmaka haiN| inameM sAdhakoM ke dhyAna sambandhI nirdeza ko chor3akara dhyAna-sambandhI carcA kA abhAva hai / 'upAsakadazA' meM kuNDakaulika Adi zrAvakoM ke dhyAna kI vizeSa carcA hai / 38. vahI 25.6.770 29

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya praznavyAkaraNa sUtra : dvAdazAMgI kA dasavA~ aMga sUtra 'praznavyAkaraNa sUtra' hai| yaha Asrava vivecana aura saMvara vivecana dvAroM yA bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| saMvara dvAra meM eka sthAna para nirgranthoM kI ikatIsa upamAe~ varNita haiN| unameM "khANuM ceva uDDakAe'' ke rUpa meM bAvIsavIM upamA kA ullekha huA hai| sthANu kA artha sUkhA dU~Tha hotA hai| jisa taraha vaha U~cA uThA hotA hai usI prakAra nirgrantha kAyotsarga meM sthita rahate haiN| isa upamA se siddha hotA hai ki nirgranthoM dvArA dhyAna aura kAyotsarga kiyA jAnA vizeSa guNa rahA hai| kAyotsarga dhyAna kI vaha utkRSTa sthiti hai jahA~ sAdhaka itanA Atmamaya ho jAtA hai ki usako apanI deha kA bhI bhAna nahIM rahatA, mAnoM usane deha kA utsarjana yA parityAga kiyA ho|" inhIM upamAoM meM "suNNAgArA vaNassaMto NivAya saraNappadIpajjhANamiva Nippa kNpe|" isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki jisa prakAra zUnya AgAra meM nirvAta - vAyu rahita sthAna meM jisa taraha dIpa prajvalita rahatA hai, usI prakAra nirgrantha dhyAnAvasthA meM niSprakampa rahate haiN|40 isa upamA kA yaha Azaya hai ki nirgrantha sAdhaka pragAr3ha dhyAna ke abhyAsI hote haiN| ve apane dhyeya meM sarvathA tanmaya hote haiN| isalie ve usameM susthira, avicala aura niSprakampa rahate haiN| isa sUtra meM karmabandha ke rUpa meM AsravoM kA aura Asravanirodha ke rUpa meM saMvaroM kA varNana hai| isalie dhyAna kA pRthak rUpa meM vivecana nahIM haA hai kyoMki dhyAna kA sambandha nirjarA tattva ke sAtha hai kintu ye do upamAyeM mahAvratI sAdhakoM ke atyanta dhyAnAbhyAsI hone kA saMketa karatI haiN| inase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki 'dhyAnAbhyAsa' sAdhu kI mahattvapUrNa vizeSatAoM meM sammilita rahA hai| isa sUtra ke tRtIya saMvara dvAra sUtra meM asteya vrata kI tRtIya bhAvanA ke antargata saMyamI sAdhaka ko daihika aura mAnasika zuddhipUrva zayyA-parikarma-varjana kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ use nirantara AtmA ke dhyAna meM rata rahane, samitiyoM kA pAlana karane evaM rAgadveSa rahita hokara dharma kA AcaraNa karane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai|41 aparigrahI saMyamI sAdhaka kI grAma-nagara Adi meM viharaNa ke antargata kisa 39. praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 2.5.163 pR. 250 40. vahI, 2.5. 164 pR. 251 41. vahI, 2.3 pR. 209 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama prakAra kI caryA rahe isa prasaMga meM kahA gayA hai ki jo jitendriya, pariSaha vijetA, nirbhIka, jJAnI - dhyAnI sAdhaka aparigraha bhAva se Apanna- yukta hotA huA niraticAra nirdoSa cAritra kA dhairya ke sAtha pAlana karatA hai vaha muni sadaiva adhyAtma dhyAna meM nirata rahatA huA rAgAdi se asaMpRkta hotA hai, dharmAcaraNa kA yathAvat AcaraNa karatA hai / 42 punaH vipAka sUtra kathAtmaka hai| upAMga sAhitya meM aupapAtika, jIvAbhigama evaM prajJApanA ko chor3akara zeSa upAMgoM meM dhyAna sambandhI nirdeza upalabdha nahIM haiN| aba hama tIna upAMgoM meM dhyAna sambandhI caryA kisa rUpa meM upalabdha hai, yaha dekhane kA prayatna kreNge| khaNDa : dvitIya Pe Pad aupapAtika sUtra : prathama upAMga 'aupapAtika sUtra' meM Abhyantara tathA bAhyatapamUlaka AcAra kA anusaraNa karane vAle sAdhakoM kA varNana AyA hai / vahA~ chaha Abhyantara tapoM ke antargata dhyAna, usake bheda, lakSaNa, Alambana, anuprekSA Adi kA vivecana hai / vaha prAyaH usI prakAra kA hai jaisA 'sthAnAMga sUtra' meM vyAkhyAta huA hai jisa para pahale carcA kI jA cukI hai| 43 prastuta sUtra meM eka sthAna para bhagavAna mahAvIra ke anagAroM kI utkRSTa dharmArAdhanA kA vivecana huA hai| vahA~ apanI-apanI abhiruci ke anusAra anagAra bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM dharma kI ArAdhanA karate the / isa para bar3e hI nape tule zabdoM meM sundara rUpa meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai| usI ke antargata kahA gayA hai ki kucha sAdhaka apane donoM ghuTanoM ko U~cA uThAe mastaka ko nIcA kiye yoM eka vizeSa Asana meM avasthita hote hue dhyAna rUpI koSTha meM praviSTa hote the, dhyAnarata rahate the / 1 44 isa vivecana se yaha pragaTa hotA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zramaNa saMgha meM aneka dhyAnayogI saMta the| unakI dhyAnasAdhanA meM vizeSa abhiruci thI / aisA bhI prakaTa hotA hai ki ve dhyAna meM vizeSa AsanoM kA bhI upayoga karate the / dhyAnavizeSa meM AsanavizeSa 42. praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 2.5 pR. 252 43. aupapAtika sUtra 30 pR. 49-50 44. vahI, 31 pR. 80 31

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya kI bhI apanI upayogitA hai| yahA~ 'uDDhajANu ahosirA' padoM kA jo prayoga huA hai vaha unakI Asanagata sthiti kA dyotaka hai| yahA~ pradhAnatA to dhyAna kI hI hai, Asana kI usameM sahakAritA rahatI hai| dhyAna aura Asana kI mukhya - gauNa sthiti sadaiva dhyAna meM rakhanI cAhie / uttarAdhyayana sUtra : uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA pahalA adhyayana 'vinaya sUtra' saMjJaka hai / vinaya zabda bar3A vyApaka hai| vaha vinamratA ke sAtha sAtha dharmasaMgata AcAra kA bhI dyotaka hai| isa adhyayana meM saMyatI sAdhaka ko vinayazIla pavitra sAdhanAmaya AcAra yukta hone kA vividha rUpoM meM upadeza diyA hai| dd eka sthAna para kahA gayA hai ki nava pravarjita saMyamI sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha kabhI cANDAlika karma cANDAla jaise dUSita, nindita karma nahIM kare aura use bahuta AlApa - saMlApa, nirarthaka bhASaNa bhI nahIM karanA caahie| use cAhie ki vaha yathAsamaya apane svAdhyAya meM lagA rahe, tatpazcAt vaha ekAkI dhyAnAbhyAsa kare / 45 AgamakAra ke isa kathana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki sAvadya karmoM se bacate hue ahiMsA ke paripAlana, nirarthaka AlApa - saMlApa ke varjana aura svAdhyAya ke parizIlana ke sAtha-sAtha dhyAnAbhyAsa kA bhI eka saMyamI sAdhaka ke lie Avazyaka rUpa meM vidhAna rahA hai| dhyAna dainaMdina sAdhanAmaya jIvana kA eka mahattvapUrNa aMga rahA hai / uttarAdhyayana ke aThArahaveM adhyayana meM eka dhyAna yogI gardabhAlI nAmaka saMyamI sAdhaka kA varNana AyA hai jo dharmadhyAna meM atyanta nimagna the| saMjaya nAmaka rAjA ne jo AkheTa hetu vahA~ AyA thA, unake sAmane hI eka mRga ko mAra DAlA / jaba usakI dRSTi mauna dhyAnarata muni kI ora gaI to rAjA bhayabhIta ho gayA / muni apane dhyAna meM saMlagna rhe| unhoMne rAjA kI ora koI dhyAna nahIM diyA / punaH rAjA ne apane pApapUrNa kRtya ke lie unase kSamAyAcanA kI / jaba dhyAnayogI sAdhaka jA mana ko duSkRta pRthak hokara sukRta kI aura mur3ate hue dekhA to use dharmopadeza diyA / usake pariNAmasvarUpa vaha rAjA dharmAnurAgI banA aura phira usane saMyama - jIvana 45. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 1-10 32

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama svIkAra kara liyaa| dhyAna se vizuddhiprApta sAdhaka ke vyaktitva meM kitanI prabhAvakatA A jAtI hai, yaha isakA udAharaNa hai|46 uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 26veM adhyayana meM zramaNoM kI samAcArI - dinacaryA kA varNana huA hai| usake antargata ekasthAna para kahA gayA hai ki zramaNa dina ke prathama prahara meM svAdhyAya, dvitIya prahara meM dhyAna, tRtIya prahara meM bhikSATana-bhikSAcaryA kare tathA caturtha prahara meM puna: svAdhyAya kre|47 dina kI bhA~ti rAtricaryA ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki zramaNa rAta ke prathama prahara meM svAdhyAya, dvitIya meM dhyAna, tRtIya meM nidrA aura caturtha meM puna: svAdhyAya kre|48 jIvana divasoM aura rAtriyoM kA eka pralamba saMkalana hai| jIva dvArA baddha AyuSya ke anurUpa yaha saMkalana eka vizeSa kAlAvadhi taka vidyamAna rahatA hai| vaise to kSaNa - kSaNa kA yoga jIvana hai| kintu sthUla rUpa meM dina aura rAta ko usakI ikAiyoM ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isalie sAdhu ke lie jaba karaNIyatA kA viSaya nirUpita hotA hai to dinacaryA aura rAtricaryA ke rUpa meM hI use vyAkhyAta kiyA jAtA hai| dinacaryA yA rAtricaryA meM unhIM kAryoM ko vizeSa rUpa meM gRhIta kiyA jAtA hai jo jIvana meM sarvAdhika Avazyaka hote haiM, upayogI hote haiM aura anuprekSaNIya hote haiN| AgamakAra ne dina ko cAra praharoM meM vibhakta karate hue jo cAra mukhya kArya batAye haiM ve sAdhanAmaya jIvana ke lie sarvathA anivArya haiN| dina aura rAtri donoM ke hI prathama prahara meM AgamakAra ne zramaNa ke lie svAdhyAya karane kA nirdeza diyA hai| svAdhyAya zruta ke mAdhyama se AtmAnuzIlana kI vaha uttama prakriyA hai jisase jIvana meM satsaMskAra, zubha bhAva aura sad adhyavasAya kA udaya hotA hai| ye hI to ve sattva haiM jinake AdhAra para jIvana kA yAna bhalIbhA~ti saphalatApUrvaka apane lakSya kI ora gatizIla raha sakatA hai| dina aura rAtri ke dUsare prahara meM jo dhyAna kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai vaha 46. vahI, 18.4-18 47. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 26.12 48. vahI, 26.18 .

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya manovaijJAnika dRSTi se bahuta hI samIcIna aura upayukta hai kyoMki svAdhyAya dvArA jaba antarAtmA meM nirmala bhAva samudita ho jAte haiM, taba dRSTi ko, mana ko ekAgra hone kI pRSThabhUmi prApta ho jAtI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, dhyAna ke anurUpa mAnasika bhUmikA bana jAtI hai| ataeva dvitIya prahara meM dhyAna karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra svAdhyAya pratyeka divasa aura pratyeka rAtri kA eka aparihArya kArya hai, usI prakAra dhyAna bhI anivAryarUpeNa karaNIya hai| svAdhyAya aura dhyAna ko AtmA kI khurAka kahA jA sakatA hai| jisa prakAra deha-nirvAha hetu bhikSAcaryA dvArA prApta AhAra aura vyavahArajanita UrjA-kSaya kI paripUrti hetu nidrA Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra jIvana meM dhyAna bhI parama Avazyaka hai| usase Antarika UrjA meM navIna zakti kA saMcAra hotA hai, AdhyAtmika AhlAda kA anubhava hotA hai, saMyama ke patha para saphalatApUrvaka calate rahane kI zakti prApta hotI hai aura jIvana meM divyatA kI pratIti hotI hai| / prastuta sUtra kA 29 vA~ adhyayana samyak parAkrama hai| usameM samyaktvamUlaka Atma-parAkrama kA kina-kina kAraNoM se kisa-kisa rUpa meM abhyudaya hotA hai, usakA bar3A hI sundara vivecana huA hai| eka prasaMga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pramukha gaNadhara gautama ne bhagavAna se jijJAsA kI ki prabhuvara! mana ke ekAgrasanniveza se arthAt mana kI ekAgratA se jIva kyA phala prApta karatA hai ? bhagavAna ne uttara diyA ki mana ke ekAgra sanniveza se cittavRtti kA nirodha hotA hai, cittavRtti sthira banatI hai|49 uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 30 veM adhyayana meM "tavamaggagaI" tapomArgagati ke rUpa meM karmakSaya mUla tapazcaraNa kA vivecana huA hai| bAhyatapa aura Abhyantaratapa ke rUpa meM usake do bheda kiye haiN| Abhyantara tapa ke antargata vahA~ dhyAna evaM kAyotsarga kI bhI carcA AyI hai kahA gayA hai ki - aTTha rUddhANi vajjitA, jhAejjA susmaahie| dhammasukkAiM jhANAI, jhANaM taM tu buhaave|| Arta evaM raudra dhyAna kA parityAga kara AtmajAgarUka sAdhaka dharma aura zukla dhyAna kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, yaha usakA dhyAna rUpa Antarika tapa hai| 49. vahI, 29.26 pR. 501 50. vahI 30.35 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 34 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya navatattva meM nirjarA ke rUpa meM tapa kA hI vivecana huA hai| nirjarA aura tapa lagabhaga ekArthakatA liye hue haiN| inake bAhya aura Abhyantara do bheda haiN| dhyAna Abhyantara tapa meM hai| anazana Adi bAhya tapa kA sambandha vizeSataH daihika upakramoM ke sAtha hai| Antarika tapa antarAtmA se jur3e hue haiN| dhyAna antarAtmA kA parizodhaka hai| isalie use Abhyantara tapoM meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama huA prastuta sUtra meM lezyAoM ke svarUpa, bheda, upAttatA Adi kA jahA~ vistRta vivecana hai vahA~ sAdhaka ke zukla lezyA meM pariNata hone kA ullekha AyA hai| lezyAoM sarvotkRSTa, parama zuddha zuklalezyA hai, jo AtmA kI nirmalatA, niSkaluSatA pavitratA pRkta hai| jaba sAdhaka use prApta kara letA hai to vaha AdhyAtmika utkarSa kI parAkASThA prApta karatA hai| zuklalezyA kisa prakAra upAtta hotI hai ise prakaTa karate hue likhA hai ki jaba sAdhaka Artta aura raudra dhyAna kA parityAga kara detA hai, dharmadhyAna kI ora kramaza: bar3hatA huA zukladhyAna meM lIna banatA jAtA hai, citta meM sarvathA viSAda rahita hotA huA indriyoM kA damana karatA huA vaha samiti aura gupti yukta hotA hai, prazAntatA yukta hotA hai to vaha zuklalezyA meM pariNata hotA hai| 51 yahA~ zukla lezyA meM pariNata hone ke jina hetuoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai unameM sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa Artta aura raudra dhyAna kA varjana kara dharma - zukla dhyAna meM saMlagna honA hai| yaha dhyAna - saMlagnatA itanI pravAhakArI hotI hai ki anyAnya hetu svayaM hI siddha ho jAte haiN| aisI pavitra dhyAnAvasthA meM vidyamAna sAdhaka kA citta sahaja hI prazAnta rahatA hai, sAdhaka kI indriyA~ aura mana anAyAsa vazIbhUta ho jAte haiM 1 samitiyA~ aura guptiyA~ bhI siddha ho jAtI haiN| uccadhyAna ke siddha hone se yaha saba pratiphalita hotA hI hai| dhyAna kI yaha apanI anupama vizeSatA hai 1 dazavaikAlika sUtra : sUtra dazavaikAlika AtmA ke nirmala svarUpa ke ke sambandha meM kahA prAkaTya hai ki jo trAtA samasta prANiyoM kA rakSaka-ahiMsaka sAdhaka, svAdhyAya tathA dhyAna meMrata rahatA hai, niSpApa bhAva yukta tapa meM saMlagna rahatA hai usake pUrvakRta pApamala ke naSTa ho jAne se vizuddhi hotI hai tathA use apane nirmala zuddha AtmasvarUpa kA 51. vahI, 34-31 P 35

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| 52 dazavaikAlika sUtra ke caturtha SaDjIvanikAya adhyayana ke anta meM batAyA hai ki - lokAloka ko jAnane ke bAda meM kevalajJAnI jina mana, vacana, kAyA ina tInoM yogoM kA nirodha kreN| 53 mana, vacana aura kAyA dvArA AtmapradezoM meM jo parispandana hotA hai, use yoga kahate haiN| yaha yoga jaba zubha kArya meM pravRtta hotA hai, taba vaha zubha karmoM kA Asrava karatA hai aura jaba vaha azubha kArya meM pravRtta hotA hai, taba vaha azubha karmoM kA Asrava karatA hai / sUtrakAra kahate haiM ki kevalI jina jIvana ke antima kSaNoM meM yoga pravRtti nahIM karate, ve yogoM kA nirodha karate haiM - arthAt cAra aghAtiyA - vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra rUpa jo karma avazeSa haiM, unheM bhI naSTa kara dete haiN| aneka bhavoM se saMcita jo karmAMza haiM, unakA kSaya karane ke lie yoga kA nirodha karate haiM / khaNDa : dvitIya TIkAkAra kahate haiM ki saMsAra - paribhramaNa se ukatAye hu aura anantakAlIna sthAyIrUpa apanI Atmika saMpatti ko cAhane vAloM ko dharma aura zukladhyAna tathA vyutsarga tapa Adi dvArA apane zubhAzubha karmoM ke kSaya karane kA puruSArtha karanA cAhie / yoganirodhajanya sthiratA prApta ho jAne para kevalI jina ko kisa phala kI prApti hotI hai ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna dete hue Age sUtrakAra kahate haiM ki yogoM kA nirodha karane para kevalI jina ke pUrvasaMcita karma naSTa ho sakate haiM aura tabhI unheM siddhi arthAt siddha gati kI prApti ho sakatI hai| 52. dazavaikAlika sUtra 8.63 53. vahI, hindI bhASA TIkA sahitam 4.23, 24 J TIkAkAra kahate haiM ki isase to yahI siddha hotA hai ki ajIvasaMbaMdhajanya IryApathika aura sAmparAyika kriyA se sarvathA rahita hone para hI jIva ko siddhagati prApta hotI hai| kyoMki jIva ko kriyA karAne vAlI do hI cIjeM haiM eka mana vacana - kAya rUpa yoga aura dUsarI krodha-mAna- mAyA - lobharUpa kaSAya / kevalI jina ne jaba ina donoM kAraNoM kA abhAva kara diyA to kriyA kaise ho sakatI hai ? kAraNa naSTa ho jAne para kArya kI utpatti kisI bhI taraha siddha nahIM hotI, yaha bAta sarvasammata 36 - -

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai aura isIlie siddhAvasthA meM jIva akriya hI rahatA hai| balki yoM kahanA cAhie ki sarvathA akriyadazA kA nAma hI siddhi yA mokSa hai| isase jo loga 'kriyAvAn rahate hue bhI mokSa ho jAtA hai' yA 'siddha jIva kriyA karate haiM yaha mAnate haiM, unakA nirasana karanA hI zAstrakAra kA Azaya hai| dazavaikAlika sUtra ke paMcama piNDaiSaNA adhyayana meM batAyA hai ki - sAdhu bhikSA, AhAra lekara upAzraya meM guru ke samIpa Akara gamanAgamana kI kriyA kA prAyazcitta karane ke lie sthiracitta hokara "iriyAvahiyAe" sampUrNa sUtra par3hakara dhyAna kre| kyoMki jaba taka vidhipUrvaka dhyAna nahIM kiyA jAyegA taba taka aticAroM kI AlocanA nahIM ho skegii| isalie gamanAgamana ke bAda kAyotsarga arthAt dhyAna karane kA ullekha hai|54 prastuta saMdarbha se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki sAdhu AhAra lAte hI bhojana nahIM kare apitu sarvaprathama vidhipUrvaka dhyAna kre| isI saMdarbha meM Age batAyA gayA hai ki "iriyAvahiyAe' dhyAna ke anantara dhyAna karatA huA sAdhaka kyA cintana kare ? isa viSaya meM sUtrakAra (zayyaMbhavAcArya) ne batAyA hai ki - sAdhu bhikSA lAne ke pazcAt guru ke samakSa kAyotsarga kare, taba usa kAyotsarga meM gamanAgamana (Ane - jAne) kI kriyA karate samaya tathA anna-pAnI grahaNa karate samaya jo koI aticAra lage hoM, una sabako samyak prakAra se smaraNa kara apane vikAra-zUnya hRdaya meM sthApita kre| TIkAkAra ne kahA hai ki kAyotsarga (dhyAna) kI dazA meM avikSipta citta hone se sabhI vastuoM kA vicAra pUrNarUpeNa ThIka ho sakatA hai| ata: pratyeka vastu kA vicAra dhyAna vRtti se honA caahie| isI adhyayana meM Age batAyA hai ki jina sUkSma aticAroM kI samyaktayA AlocanA na huI ho aura jo pUrva karma tathA pazcAt karma arthAt jo pahale yA pazcAt kAla meM doSa lagA ho to Alocaka sAdhu puna: pratikramaNa kara "goyaracariyAeM" ityAdi sUtra kA dhyAna kare aura usameM vismaraNa hue aticAroM kA ciMtana kre| TIkAkAra ne batAyA hai ki jaba samyak prakAra se cintana kiyA jAyegA tabhI sarva prakAra se 54. vahI, " " 5.88 55. vahI, " " 5.89 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 37 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya aticAroM kA smaraNa ho skegaa| samyak cintana hI vAstava meM sarvazreSTha vastu hai| smaraNa rahe ki jaisA cintana dhyAnAvasthA meM kiyA jA sakatA hai vaisA binA dhyAnAvasthA ke prAya: nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| dhyAnAvasthA meM cittavRttiyA~ caMcalatA chor3akara sthira ho jAtI haiM, citta vRttiyoM kI sthiratA meM hI samyak cintana saMbhava hai| dazAzrutaskaMdha sUtra : __dazAzrutaskaMdhasUtra meM bArahavIM bhikSu pratimA ke antargata kAyotsarga kA varNana karate hue batalAyA gayA hai ki saMyamI sAdhaka kisI eka paudgalika padArtha para dRSTi rakhate hue dhyAnapUrvaka use niSpAdita kre|56 Avazyaka sUtra : Avazyaka sUtra meM aticAroM kI vizeSa zuddhi ke lie vidhipUrvaka kAyotsarga ke svarUpa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| anta meM eka bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa bAta kA ullekha huA hai| kAyotsarga karane vAlA sAdhaka apanA mana:saMkalpa vyakta karatA huA kahatA hai ki jaba taka maiM arihaMta bhagavantoM ko namaskAra na kara lU~ taba taka eka sthAna para sthita huA mauna rakhatA huA dharmadhyAna meM citta ko sthira kara apanI deha ko sAvadha kAryoM se pRthak karatA huuN| isa prakAra deha kA vyutsarjana karatA huuN| yaha bAta kAyotsarga meM dhyAna ke antarniveza para prakAza DAlatI hai| arihaMtoM ko vandana-namana na karane taka dhyAna meM avasthita rahane kA jo ullekha huA hai vaha sAdhaka ko antarjagat meM le jAne kI eka vizeSa prakriyA kA sUcaka hai| usase pratiphalita ujjvala nirmala manobhAva jaba arihaMtoM ke vandana-namana meM kriyAnvita hote haiM taba vaha vandana-namana AtmavikAsa kI dRSTi se bar3A cAmatkArika ho jAtA hai| dhyAna kAyotsarga kI isa prakriyA meM eka aisA vaiziSTya jor3a detA hai jisase sAdhaka kAya se atIta hone ke Antarika udyama meM sakSama banatA hai|57 kAyotsarga dhyAna kA hI eka pariSkRta rUpa hai| Sar3AvazyakoM arthAt anivArya rUpa se karaNIya chaha karttavyoM meM dhyAna yA kAyotsarga kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| 56. dazAzrutaskaMdha sUtra bhikSupratibhA 57. Avazyaka sUtra AgAra sUtra pR. 15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 38 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Avazyaka niyukti meM dhyAna : Avazyaka niyuktikAra AcArya bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) ko jaina paramparA meM bahuta sammAna aura bahamAna prApta hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI pA~cavIM-chaThI zatI hai| Avazyakaniyukti ke kAyotsarga nAmaka prakaraNa ke AdhAra para inheM eka siddhayogI kI pratiSThA dI jA sakatI hai| isa prakaraNa meM kAyotsarga kA vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| kAyotsarga jaina sAdhanA kA eka abhinna aMga hai, jisake binA dhyAna siddha nahIM hotaa| kAyotsarga ko anuyogadvAra meM vraNa-cikitsA kahA gayA hai| satata sAvadhAna rahane para bhI pramAda Adi ke kAraNa sAdhaka kI sAdhanA meM doSa laga jAte haiM, bhUleM ho jAtI haiN| ina bhUloM rUpI jakhmoM ko ThIka karane ke lie kAyotsarga eka prakAra kA marahama hai, jo avicAra rUpI ghAvoM ko ThIka kara detA hai| saMyamI jIvana ko adhikAdhika pariSkRta karane ke lie, prAyazcitta karane ke lie, apane Apako vizuddha banAne ke lie, AtmA ko mAyA, mithyAtva aura nidAna zalya se mukta karane ke lie pApakarmoM ke nirghAta ke lie kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai|58 kAyotsarga antarmukha hone kI eka pavitra sAdhanA hai| Sar3Avazyaka meM kAyotsarga ko svataMtra sthAna prApta hai, jo isa bhAvanA ko abhivyakta karatA hai ki pratyeka sAdhaka ko prAta: aura saMdhyA ke samaya zarIra aura AtmA kA bhedavijJAna karanA caahie| bhikSu ke lie dina meM aneka bAra kAyotsarga karane kA vidhAna hai|9 kAyotsarga karane ke aneka prayojana haiM - pravRtti- nivRtti kA santulana,60 bhayanivAraNa,61 sva-doSa darzana,62 karmakSaya,63 kaSAya-vijaya,64 aniSTanivAraNa65 aadi| 58. vahI, tassa uttarI kA pATha. 59. (ka) dazavaikAlika sUtra 10-13 (kha) dazavaikAlika culikA 2.7 60. Avazyaka niyukti gA. 1466 61. vahI, gA. 1468 62. vahI, gA. 1511 63. vahI, gA. 1568 64. vahI. 1471 65. vahI, 1551 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 39 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya kAyotsarga do zabdoM se banA hai - kAyA + utsarga arthAt zarIra ko chodd'naa| kAyA ke gyAraha paryAyavAcI zabda haiM - kAya, zarIra, deha, bodi, upacaya, ucchya, samucchya, kalevara, bhastrA, tanu aura paannu| utsarga ke paryAyavAcI zabda gyAraha haiM - utsarga, vyutsarjana, ujjhana, avakiraNa, chardana, viveka, varjana, tyajana, unmocanA, parizAtanA evaM shaatnaa|| kAyotsarga ke do prakAra batAye gaye haiM - 1. ceSTA kAyotsarga, 2. abhinava kaayotsrg|68 ceSTA kAyotsarga doSavizuddhi ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| yAtrA, zauca, Adi ke lie bAhara Ane-jAne meM jo pravRtti hotI hai yA nidrA Adi meM jo doSa lagatA hai usakI zuddhi ke lie yaha kiyA jAtA hai aura abhinava kAyotsarga do sthitiyoM meM kiyA jAtA hai - dIrghakAla taka Atmacintana ke lie Atmazuddhi ke lie sAdhaka mana ko ekAgra karane kA prayatna karatA hai aura dUsarA saMkaTa Ane pr| jaise - rAjA, viplava, agnikANDa, durbhikSa aadi| ceSTA kAyotsarga se zarIra kI caMcalatA kA nirodha hotA hai| ata: ise kAyika dhyAna bhI kahA gayA hai|69 ceSTA kAyotsarga kA kAla ucchvAsa para AdhArita hai| vibhinna sthitiyoM meM vaha kAyotsarga ATha, paccIsa, sattAIsa, tIna sau, pA~ca sau aura eka hajAra ATha ucchvAsa taka kiyA jAtA hai| abhinava kAyotsarga kA kAla jaghanya antarmuharta aura utkRSTa eka varSa kA hai| bAhubalI ne eka varSa taka kAyotsarga kiyA thaa| doSa - vizuddhi ke lie jo kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai, usa kAyotsarga ke pA~ca prakAra hote haiM - daivasika kAyotsarga, rAtrika kAyotsarga, pAkSika kAyotsarga, cAturmAsika kAyotsarga aura sAMvatsarika kaayotsrg| kAyotsarga tIna prakAra se kiyA jA sakatA hai| khar3e hokara, baiThakara evaM 66. vahI, 1460 67. vahI, 1465 68. vahI, 1466 69. vahI, 1484, 1488 70. yogazAstra 3 patra 25 ~~~~~~~~mmmmmm 40 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama leTakara 171 zArIrika avasthiti aura mAnasika cintanadhArA kI dRSTi se AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kAyotsarga ke nau prakAra kiye haiN| 72 kAyotsarga ke bhedoM meM dhyAna kI saMlagnatA hai| dhyAna se kAyotsarga suphalita hotA hai / zArIrika sthiti 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. utsRta - utsRta utsRta utsRta - niSaNNa niSaNNa - utsRta niSaNNa niSaNNa - niSaNNa nipanna - utsRta niSaNNa batalAye haiM - khar3A khar3A dharma - zukla dhyAna / na dharma - zukla, na Artta - raudra, kintu cintanazUnya dazA / Artta - raudra dhyAna / dharma - zukla dhyAna na dharma zukla, na Arttaraudra, kintu cintanazUnya dazA / nipanna nipanna . leTakara Artta - raudra dhyAna / 'Avazyaka cUrNi' meM AcArya jinadAsa gaNimahattara ne kAyotsarga ke do prakAra 71. Avazyaka niryukti 1475 72. vahI 1459-60 khar3A baiThA baiThA baiThA leTakara leTakara 1. dravya kAyotsarga aura 2. bhAva kAyotsarga | mAnasika vicAra dharma - zukla dhyAna na dharma - zukla, na Artta raudra, kintu cintanazUnya dazA / Artta - raudra dhyAna / 41 - NNNN - N

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya dravya aura bhAva ke bheda ko samajhAne ke lie AcAryoM ne cAra bheda batalAe haiN|' 73 1. utthita utthita 2. utthita - niviSTa 3. upaviSTa - utthita 4. upaviSTa - niviSTa kAyotsarga ke uparyukta nau bhedoM meM mukhya tIna hI zabda haiM- utsRta, niSaNNa aura nipnn| ina tInoM ke dravya aura bhAva se cAra cAra vikalpa kiye jAte haiM / yathA dravya se ucchrita, bhAva se ucchrita, dravya se ucchrita, bhAva se anucchrita dravya se anucchrita, bhAva se ucchrita, dravya se anucchrita, bhAva se anucchrita / aise hI niSaNNa aura nippanna ke bhI cAra cAra vikalpa samajhane cAhie / kAyotsarga ke ina bhedoM meM dhyAna kA jisa jisa rUpa meM samAveza huA hai usase yaha spaSTa hai ki vaha kAyotsarga kA pravezadvAra hai / yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki kAyotsarga kI pavitratA evaM vizuddhi meM dharma dhyAna aura zukladhyAna kA hI sthAna hai / kAyotsarga meM svadoSoM kI yathAkrama meM AlocanA kI jAtI hai, evaM jaba taka guru kAyotsarga sampanna na kare taba taka zvAsa-prazvAsa ko sUkSma kara dharma - zukla dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| 74 kAyotsarga kA parimANa yA avadhi bhinna-bhinna avasaroM ke lie bhinna-bhinna batAI gaI hai| usakI avadhi yA kAlamAna ko zvAsa ke AdhAra para zloka dvArA nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai| 75 zvAsa ke ucchvAsa kI lambAI yA kAlamAna ko zloka ke caturthAMza ke smaraNa se nizcita kiyA gayA hai|' ataH kAyotsarga ke sAtha zvAsa kI prekSA yA zvAsa kA upayoga bhI jur3A huA hai| 76 kAyotsarga ke abhyAsa se aneka niSpattiyA~ hotI haiM - dharma kA bodha, deha jADya zuddhi, mati jADya zuddhi, sukha-duHkha titikSA, anuprekSA aura dhyAna- ekAgratA ke vikasa meM asAdhAraNa lAbha kI prApti hotI hai| 77 73. amitagati zrAvakAcAra 8.5 7-61 74. Avazyaka niryukti gA. 1514 75. vahI, gA. 1544 76. vahI, gA. 1553 77. kAyotsargazataka gA. 13 42 Prod

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AcArya bhadrabAha ne 'Avazyakaniyukti' meM kAyotsarga ke vizada vivecana ke antargata dhyAna kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| kyoMki kAyotsarga ke binA dhyAna siddha nahIM hotaa| AcArya ne citta kI ekAgratA athavA kisI eka Alambana para citta ko sthira karane yA TikAne ko dhyAna kahA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki dhyAna mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika tIna prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai| dhyAnanirata sAdhaka 'merA zarIra aprakampita ho' isa saMkalpa ke sAtha sthirakAya banatA hai| yaha kAyika dhyAna hai| jaba vaha saMkalpa ke sAtha apane vacanayoga ko sthira banAtA hai taba usake vAcika dhyAna sadhatA hai| jaba vaha apane mana ko ekAgra karatA hai aura vANI ko evaM zarIra ko bhI usI lakSya para kendrita karatA hai taba usake kAyika, vAcika evaM mAnasika tInoM prakAra ke dhyAna eka sAtha niSpanna hote haiN|9 isa grantha meM cAra prakAra ke dhyAnoM kA ullekha bhI huA hai| vahA~ usake zubha aura azubha do bheda AkhyAta kiye gaye haiN| prathama do dhyAna azubha haiM, ve saMsAra ko bar3hAne vAle haiM evaM antima do zubha haiM ve mukti ke hetu haiN| ata: dharma aura zukladhyAna hI adhikRta haiN| dhyAna kA kAlamAna antarmuhUrta hai| dhyAnasAdhanA meM UrdhvagAmitA ke do rUpa haiM - chadmastha kA dhyAna evaM vItarAga prabhu kA dhyaan| chadmastha kA dhyAna antarmuharta paryanta mana kI sthiratA yA cintana kI ekAgratAmUlaka hotA hai tathA jina yA vItarAgatA kA dhyAna kAyika sthiratA rUpa hai|81 kAyotsarga kA artha, prayojana, vidhi, bheda, phala, abhyAsI kI arhatA, dhyAna aura kAyotsarga meM saMbaMdha jaise viSayoM para prakAza DAlate hue anta meM kahA gayA hai ki kAyotsarga se sabhI prakAra ke du:khoM se vimukti hotI hai| saMkSepata: kAyotsarga mokSamArga ke rUpa meM upadiSTa hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne82 likhA hai - kAyotsarga sthiti meM yadi bhaktibhAva se 78. Avazyaka niyukti gA. 1463 79. vahI, gA. 1474, 1476-1478 80. vahI, gA. 1495 81. vahI (bhAga 2) pR. 71 82. vahI gA. 1548 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 43 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya koI candana lagAe yA koI dveSa ke kAraNa vasaule se usake zarIra kA chedana kare, cAhe jIvana rahe, cAhe mRtyu kA varaNa karanA par3e, para sAdhaka deha meM Asakta nahIM hotA hai / vaha sabhI sthitiyoM meM sama rahatA hai| usI kA kAyotsarga vizuddha hotA hai / kAyotsarga ke samaya deva, mAnava aura tiryaMca saMbaMdhI sabhI prakAra ke upasarga upasthita hone para unheM acchI taraha se sahana karatA hai, usI kA kAyotsarga vastutaH sahI kAyotsarga hai| 83 84 jaise kAyotsarga meM avasthita hone para sArA zarIra darda karane lagatA hai, pratyeka aMga meM eka prakAra kI vedanA hone lagatI hai, vaise hI kAyotsarga meM sAdhaka ke AThoM karma pIr3ita hote haiM aura ve dhIre - dhIre naSTa hone lagate haiN|' AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kAyotsarga ke sAdhakoM ke lie jina tathyoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, ve tathya sAdhaka ke anta meM bala kA saMcAra karate haiM aura vaha dRr3hatA ke sAtha kAyotsarga meM tallIna ho jAtA hai, para isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki vaha mithyA Agraha ke cakkara meM par3akara apane jIvana ko homa de| kyoMki sabhI sAdhakoM kI sthiti samAna nahIM hotii| kucha sAdhaka viziSTa hote haiN| ve kaSToM se ghabarAte nahIM, zera kI taraha dahAr3ate hue Age bar3hate haiM para kucha durbala sAdhaka bhI hote haiM / unake lie 'Avazyaka sUtra' meM AgAroM kA nirdeza hai| jaise kAyotsarga meM khAMsI, chIMka, DakAra, mUrchA Adi vividha vyAdhiyA~ ho sakatI haiN| kabhI zarIra meM prakampana Adi bhI ho sakatA hai to bhI kAyotsarga bhaMga nahIM hotaa| kisI samaya sAdhaka kAyotsarga meM khar3A hai| usa samaya makAna kI dIvAra yA chata girane kI sthiti bhI paidA ho sakatI hai| makAna meM yA jahA~ para khar3A hai vahA~ para agnikAMDa bhI ho sakatA hai / taskara aura rAjA Adi ke bhI upasarga paidA ho sakate haiM / usa samaya kAyotsarga se nivRtta hokara sAdhaka surakSita sthAna para jA sakatA hai / tathApi usakA kAyotsarga bhaMga nahIM hotA kyoMki kAyotsarga kA mUla uddezya samAdhi hai| yadi samAdhi bhaMga hotI hai, Artta aura raudra dhyAna meM pariNata hotI hai to phira vaha kAyotsarga nahIM hai| kAyotsarga meM samAdhi kI abhivRddhi ho to vaha kAyotsarga hitAvaha hai / jisa kArya ko karane se samAdhi kI vRddhi hotI ho, Artta aura raudra dhyAna bar3hate hoM to vaha kAyotsarga ke nAma para kiyA gayA kArya vivekapUrvaka nahIM hai| AcArya ne to yahA~ taka kahA hai 85 ki sAdhaka kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3A hai aura yadi kisI dUsare 83. vahI, gA. 1549 84. vahI, gA. 1551 85. vahI, gA. 1516 44

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khaNDa : dvitIya _jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sAdhaka ko sA~pa Adi ne Dasa liyA ho aisI sthiti meM sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha samaya ke pUrva hI kAyotsarga khola de| kyoMki kisI ko sahayoga dene kA prasaMga upasthita huA ho, use usa samaya sahayoga na denA anupayukta hai| usa samaya usako sahayoga denA adhika zreyaskara hai| Avazyakaniyukti' meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA varNana karate hue ullekha huA hai ki unakA sAdhanA kAla bAraha varSa teraha pakSa kA rhaa| usameM ve anazana, Asana, dhyAna Adi kI sAdhanA meM saMlagna rhe| isa avadhi meM unhoMne mAtra tIna sau unacAlIsa dina (339) AhAra-pAnI grahaNa kiyA tathA utkaTikAsana, niSadhAkAyotsarga pratimAyeM Adi kaI sau bAra ArAdhita kii|86 ____ bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana-prasaMgoM ke antargata 'Avazyaka cUrNi' meM ullekha huA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra vihAra karate hue morAk sanniveza meM padhAre, vahA~ duIjaMtaka nAmaka paramatavAdiyoM kA eka Azrama thaa| Azrama kA kulapati bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pitA siddhArtha kA mitra thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne eka rAtri Azrama meM vyatIta kii| kulapati ke anurodha para bhagavAna Asa-pAsa ke sthAnoM meM vicaraNa karate hue cAturmAsa pravAsa hetu Azrama meM Aye, kulapati ne unheM ghAsa - phUsa kI kuTiyA meM tthhraayaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra vahA~ rahate hue samagra samaya dhyAna meM vyatIta karane lge| paryApta vRSTi ke abhAva meM vana meM gAyoM ke khAne yogya ghAsa nahIM ugI thI; gAyeM Azrama meM A jAtI to unako mAra-pITa kara bhagAne lge| bhagavAna mahAvIra to sadaiva apane dhyAna meM hI tanmaya rahate the| Azrama ke bhItara-bAhara kauna kyA kara rahA hai, isa ora unakA kadApi dhyAna nahIM jAtA thaa| phalata: bhagavAna kI parNakuTIra kI ghAsa gAyeM khAtI rhtiiN| bhagavAna kI isa upekSA kI zikAyata tApasoM ne kulapati se kii| isa para kulapati ne Akara bhagavAna se kahA - "kumAra ! apane ghoMsale kI to pakSI bhI rakSA karatA hai Apa rAjakumAra hote hue bhI Azrama kI rakSA nahIM kara sakate, bar3A Azcarya hai" bhagavAna ne kulapati kA kathana suna kara vicAra kiyA, "mere yahA~ rahane se AzramavAsiyoM ko kaSTa hotA hai|" ve ASAr3ha zuklA pUrNimA ke pandraha dina vyatIta hone para varSAkAla meM hI vahA~ se vihAra kara gye| usa samaya unhoMne 'aprItikara : 86. vahI, gA. 534 ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ 45 -

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya sthAna meM na rahanA, nitya dhyAna meM tanmaya rahanA, sadaiva mauna rahanA, hAtha meM bhojana karanA, gRhasthoM kA vinaya nahIM karanA', ye pA~ca pratijJAyeM kiiN| inameM nitya dhyAna meM lIna rahane kI dUsarI pratijJA se yaha vyakta hotA hai ki dhyAna unakI jIvana-sAdhanA kA ananya aMga thaa| jisa taraha nitya prati paudgalika deha ke lie bhojana apekSita hotA hai, usI taraha AdhyAtmika jIvana ke lie ve dhyAna ko paramAvazyaka mAnate the|87 bhagavAna mahAvIra ke tIvratama tapomaya sAdhanAmaya jIvana ke eka prasaMga kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jaba ve dRDhabhUmi ke per3hAla grAma meM viharaNazIla the taba unhoMne paullAsa meM tridivasIya upavAsa kiyaa| kAyotsarga mudrA meM sthita hue unakA zarIra Age kI ora jhukA huA thA, dRSTi eka pudgala para sanniviSTa thii| netra nirnimeSa the| zarIra praNihita samyak avasthita thA tathA indriyA~ gupta-vaMzagata thIM, donoM paira paraspara saTe the| donoM hAtha pralambita the| isa mudrA meM bhagavAna ne dhyAnAbhirata eka rAtri meM mahApratimA kI ArAdhanA kii| eka anya prasaMga meM batAyA gayA hai ki sAnuvRSTi grAma meM bhagavAna ne bhadrA, mahAbhadrA aura sarvatobhadrA pratimA kI ArAdhanA kii| ve solaha dina-rAta satata dhyAnarata aura upavAsa yukta rhe|88 kevalajJAna utpanna hote samaya bhagavAna kisa avasthA meM vidyamAna the, unakA ullekha karate hue niyuktikAra ne kahA hai - bhagavAna usa samaya utkaTikAsana meM sthita the| unake dvidivasIya upavAsa thaa| ve dhyAnAntarikA meM - gahanatama dhyAnamudrA meM - dhyAnAvasthA meM vartamAna the|89 ____ Avazyakaniyukti' meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA jo varNana AyA hai, usase prakaTa hotA hai ki unakI dhyAnasAdhanA bar3I hI dRr3ha, udagra aura susthira thii| ve kisI bhI sthiti meM usase calita nahIM hote the| vahA~ eka ghaTanA kA ullekha huA 87. vahI, cUrNi pR. 271 88. vahI, 89. vahI ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 46 ~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai| bhagavAna kumAragrAma aura chammANIgrAma nAmaka bahirvRtti sthAna meM dhyAnastha khar3e the / gvAloM ne unheM aneka prakAra se utpIr3ita kiyA / hRdayadrAvaka upasarga kiye, jisase bhayaMkara vedanA huI / kintu bhagavAna Atmacintana meM lIna rahe / una kaSToM ko pUrvakRta karmoM kA vipaka phala samajhate hue samabhAvapUrvaka sAdhanA meM tanmaya rahe / 'Avazyaka niryukti' meM katipaya anya prasaMgoM kA bhI ullekha huA hai jahA~ aneka prakAra ke vighnoM bAdhAoM, pariSahoM tathA upasargoM ke Ane para bhI bhagavAna kI sudRr3ha dhyAnasAdhanA jarA bhI vyAhata nahIM huI / atyanta kaSTaprada viSama sthitiyoM meM bhI ve apane dhyAna meM avicala rahe / 91 jaba bhagavAna dhyAnastha hote to unheM sardI-garmI kA bhI dhyAna nahIM rahatA thA / haliga nAmaka grAma ke bAhara haliduga vRkSa ke nIce ve dhyAnastha mudrA meM khar3e the / kar3akar3AtI sardI par3a rahI thI / kucha yAtriyoM ne usI vRkSa ke nIce vizrAma kiyA aura sardI se rAhata pAne hetu agni prajvalita kii| sUryodaya se pUrva hI una yAtriyoM ne to vahA~ se prasthAna kara diyA kintu agni kI lapaTeM dhyAnastha khar3e mahAvIra ke pairoM taka gaIM, unakA ziSya gozAlaka to Aga kI lapaToM se ghabarAkara anyatra calA gayA para mahAvIra dhyAna meM lIna rahe / " kyoMki unakI sAdhanA bheda - vijJAna kI sAdhanA thI, ve Atma-sAdhanA meM lIna the, unheM zarIra kA kucha bhI bhAna nahIM thA / zArIrika kaSToM ko karmanirjarArtha sahana karanA hI unhoMne apanA dhyeya banA rakhA thaa| zUlapANiyakSa ke dvArA vibhinna hAthI, pizAca, sarpa Adi ke rUpa banAkara A~kha, kAna, nAsikA, sira, dA~ta, nakha, pITha ina sapta sthAnoM meM diye gaye bhayaMkara upasargoM se nirmita vedanAe~ dI giiN| ina lomaharSaka upadravoM kI lambI zrRMkhalAoM ko, ve sumeru kI bhA~ti aDiga nizcala rahakara samabhAva se sahana karate rahe / antataH zUlapANiyakSa bhagavAna kI sAdhanA ke sAmane jhuka gyaa| 2 caNDakauzikasarpa ne bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra para viSailI phuMkAra pheMkI va pairoM para daMza diyA, kintu bhagavAna kI premAmRta kI varSA ne use zAnta kara diyA / 3 zAlIzIrSa 90. (ka) vahI, ( bhAga 1 ) gA 461 (kha) vahI, gA. 525 91. (ka) vahI, 279, ( malayagiri) (kha) vahI, (haribhadra ) 479 (ga) vahI hari bhadra TIkA gA. 479 kI cUrNi 92. vahI, gA. 464 evaM usakI cUrNi 93. vahI, gA. 468 47

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya gA~va meM kaTapUtanA ke zIta parISaha ko bhagavAna mahAvIra ne samatA bhAva se sahana kara parama avadhi jJAna prApta kiyaa| 4 bhagavAna mahAvIra dRr3habhUmi ke per3hAla udyAna ke polAsa caitya meM aSTama tapa kI ArAdhanA kara eka pudgala para dRSTi kendrita kara dhyAnastha khar3e the| usI samaya svargaloka meM zakrendra ne bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kI prazaMsA kii| prazaMsA ko sunakara saMgama nAmaka deva bhagavAna mahAvIra kI parIkSA karane hetu bhUloka meM, jahA~ bhagavAna dhyAnastha the, vahA~ aayaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ko aneka upasarga dene lgaa| usane zarIra ke roma - roma meM bhayaMkara vedanAe~ dIM, phira bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra apane dhyAna meM aDiga sthira rhe| pratikUla upasargoM meM sthira dekhakara saMgama bhagavAna ko anukUla upasarga dene lgaa| phira bhI bhagavAna ko calAyamAna hote na dekhakara saMgama Ahata ho gyaa| usane eka rAtri meM mahA bhayaMkara bIsa upasarga kiye, jo kramaza: haiM 1. dhUlavarSA kI 2. kIr3iyA~ banakara bhagavAna ke zarIra ko chedA 3. DA~sa banakara daMza diye| 4. kIr3e banakara kATA 5. bicchU aura 6. sarpa banakara daMza diye 7. nevalA aura 8. cUhA banakara kATA 9. hAthI aura 10. hathinI banakara uchAlA, rauMdA 11. pizAca hokara khaDga se khaNDa-khaNDa kiye, 12. vyAghra banakara phAr3A 13. siddhArtha aura 14. trizalA banakara karuNa krandana kiyaa| 15. pairoM para khIra pkaaii| 16. pakSI banakara mAMsa nauNcaa| 17. kharabata se bhagavAna ko uThA - uThA kara paTakA 18. kalaMka lIvAta se cakravat ghumAyA 19. kAlacakra banAkara AkAza meM le jAkara pttkaa| 20. tuma mere upasargoM se nahIM Dige isalie vara mAMgo, ityaadi| eka rAtri meM bIsa upasarga karane para bhI bhagavAna avicala rhe| isa prakAra lagAtAra chaha mAha taka saMgama unheM kaSTa detA rhaa| mAraNAntika vedanA va dAruNa kaSToM ko sahana karane se va nirantara dhyAnastha rahane se bhagavAna ko divya zakti kI prApti huii| usa divya zakti ke sAmane antata: mithyAdRSTi saMgamadeva ko parAsta hokara svasthAna para lauTanA pdd'aa| 94. vahI, gA. 489 evaM usakI cUrNi 95. (ka) vahI, gA. 497-504 (kha) vahI, gA. 506 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 48 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama upasarga tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRsstt| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane sAdhanA - kAla meM aneka upasargoM evaM parISahoM ko sahana kiyaa| parISaha anukUla bhI the to pratikUla bhii| unameM jaghanya upasarga kaTapUtanA vyantarI kA zIta parISaha aura utkRSTa kAnoM se kIla nikAlane kA parISaha thaa| bhagavAna ne sabhI parISahoM ko samabhAva se sahana kara karmanirjarA kara AtmasamAdhi prApta kii| vastuta: jaba bhI kisI upasarga kI sthiti hotI bhagavAna dhyAna meM ArUr3ha ho jaate| dhyAna kI ekAgratA ke kAraNa ve daihika upasarga bhagavAna ke citta ko vicalita nahIM kara ske| 'Avazyakaniyukti' kI dhyAna saMbaMdhI gAthAoM kI cUrNi meM jinadAsa gaNi mahattara ne na kevala dhyAna ko paribhASita kiyA hai apitu cAroM dhyAnoM ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki kisa nimitta se kauna sA dhyAna hotA hai| dhyAna kA svarUpa: jIvassa egagga-jogAbhiNiveso jhaannN| aMtomuhuttaM tIvrayogapariNAmassa avasthAnamityarthaH / nirvAta sthAna meM sthira dIpazikhA ke samAna nizcala aura anya viSayoM ke saMkalpa se rahita kevala eka hI viSaya kA dhArAvAhI cintana dhyAna kahalAtA hai arthAt antarmuhUrta kAla taka sthira adhyavasAna evaM mana kI ekAgratA ko dhyAna kahate haiN| dhyAna ke bheda : dhyAna prazasta aura aprazasta rUpa se do prakAra kA hai| Artta aura raudra aprazasta dhyAna haiM, ata: heya haiM, tyAjya haiN| dharma tathA zukla prazasta dhyAna haiM, ata: upAdeya haiM, AdaraNIya haiN| Arta Adi cAroM hI dhyAnoM kA svarUpa saMkSepa meM smRtistha raha sake, isake lie eka gAthA AcArya jinadAsa maNi mahattara ne Avazyaka cUrNi' ke pratikramANAdhyayana meM 'uktaMca' ke rUpa meM uddhRta kI hai| gAthA saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA meM sammizrita hai aura bar3I hI sundara hai| 96. vahI, cUrNi gA. 524 kI pR. 293 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 49 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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prAcIna jaina ardhamAgadhI vAGmaya meM dhyAna khaNDa : dvitIya hiMsANuraMjitaM raudra, aTai kaamaannurNjitN| dhammANuraMjiyaM dhammaM, sukkaM jhANaM nirNjnnN|| arthAt hiMsA se anuraJjita-raMgA huA dhyAna raudra aura kAma se anuraMjita dhyAna Arta kahalAtA hai| dharma se anuraMjita dhyAna dharmadhyAna hai aura zukladhyAna pUrNa niraMjana hotA hai| isa prakAra jaina Agama sAhitya meM AcArAMga sUtra meM dhyAna kA mukhya lakSya jJAtA - draSTA bhAva yA sAkSIbhAva meM rahane kA abhyAsa hai| AcArAMga meM dhyAna vastuta: AtmasajagatA kI sthiti hai jisakA ullekha bAra - bAra yaha kaha kara kiyA gayA hai ki sAdhaka ! tU jAna aura dekh| AcArAMga ke pazcAt AgamoM meM vizeSa rUpa se cAra dhyAnoM kA ullekha huA hai aura usameM dhyAna ke upa prakAroM, lakSaNoM, dhyAna ke AlambanoM aura dhyAna kI bhAvanAoM yA anuprekSAoM kA ullekha vistAra se milatA hai| isa saMdarbha meM sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, aupapAtika sUtra meM vizeSa varNana hameM prApta hotA hai| jaina Agama sAhitya meM dhyAna kA mukhya lakSya citta kI nirvikalpatA yA AtmA kA AtmA meM avasthita honA hI hai| dazavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka AtmA ke dvArA AtmA kI samprekSA kre| vastuta: dhyAna AtmA ke dvArA AtmA meM sajaga hone kI prakriyA hI hai| kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka atIta aura anAgata viSayoM ke saMbaMdha meM kalpanAmukta hokara vartamAna kA anupazyI ho| AtmA kA AtmA meM ramaNa karanA hI dhyAna hai| 'appA appammi rao, iNameva paraM have jhaannN|' isa prakAra jaina Agama sAhitya meM dhyAna eka kriyA ke rUpa meM nahIM apitu eka AdhyAtmika sthiti ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita huA hai| vaha AtmA meM avasthita hone kI va AtmA meM ramaNa karane kI vidhivizeSa mAnA gayA hai| prastuta adhyAya meM AgamoM ke sAtha-sAtha hamane niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi aura TIkAoM ko bhI samAhita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isakA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki Agamika vyAkhyA sAhitya meM viSayavastu kA cAhe vistAra huA, kintu usakA mUla AdhAra Agama hI rahe haiN| AgamoM meM hameM dhyAnasAdhanA ke AdhyAtmika pakSa ke sAtha97. samaNasuttaM 18 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 50 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : dvitIya P jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sAtha usake vidhi-vidhAna kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| AdhyAtmika pakSa meM Atmaavasthiti yA AtmaramaNa yA AtmasajagatA ko hI dhyAna kahA gayA hai / vyavahAra kI apekSA to unhoMne dhyAna ke prakAroM, lakSaNoM, AlambanoM aura bhAvanAoM kI carcA kI hai| N 51

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khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ KRISSEUR khaNDa: - tRtIya zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga - * pRSThabhUmi - SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA mUlAcAra - bhagavatI ArAdhanA - AcArya kundakunda - paMcAstikAya, samayasAra, niyamasAra, mokSapAhur3a * kArtikeyAnuprekSA * yogasAra * dravyasaMgraha

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya khaNDa:-tRtIya zaurasenI prAkata sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga prAcIna jaina vAGmaya prAkRta bhASA meM sannibaddha hai| zvetAmbara Agama arddhamAgadhI prAkRta meM racita haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra vartamAna avasarpiNI ke antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne arddhamAgadhI bhASA meM artha rUpa meM dharmadezanA dii| gaNadharoM dvArA usakA zabda rUpa meM saMgrathana huaa| ve hI Agama paramparA se cale Ate hue Aja prApta haiN| AgamoM kA vizuddha rUpa yathAvat banA rahe isake lie Agama-vAcanAyeM huiiN| mathurA meM tIsarIcauthI zatI meM huI mAthurI vAcanA ke samaya AgamoM kA eka zaurasenI saMskaraNa huaa| arddhamAgadhI, mAgadhI aura zaurasenI ke bIca kI bhASA thii| usameM kucha tattva mAgadhI ke aura kucha zaurasenI ke mizrita the| mAgadhI bolI kA pracArakSetra magadha dakSiNa bihAra aura zaurasenI bolI kA pracArakSetra pazcimI madhya bhArata thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM pUrva bhArata kI boliyoM para AdhArita eka prakAra se samparka bhASA arddha mAgadhI hI thii| kyoMki mAgadhI aura zaurasenI donoM kA hI milAjulA rUpa hone ke kAraNa jisa prakAra mAgadhI prAkRta ke kSetra meM nivAsa karane vAle logoM dvArA arddhamAgadhI saralatA se samajhI jAtI thI usI prakAra vaha zaurasenI ke kSetra meM nivAsa karane vAle logoM dvArA bhI sahajatayA samajhI jAtI thii| arddhamAgadhI prAkRta meM praNIta AgamavAGmaya aMga, upAMga, cheda, mUla, Avazyaka, prakIrNaka Adi aneka bhedoM meM vibhakta hai| unameM se aMga, upAMga Adi battIsa sUtra graMtha, sabhI zvetAmbara saMpradAyoM dvArA svIkRta haiN| zvetAmbara maMdiramArgI sampradAya meM prakIrNakoM ke rUpa meM battIsa se adhika paiMtAlIsa AgamoM, adhikatama caurAsI (84) AgamoM kI bhI mAnyatA hai| digambara paramparA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA bhASita AgamoM kI mAnyatA nahIM hai kintu zaurasenI AgamoM (mathurAgama) ke AdhAra para racita paravartI AcAryoM ke graMtha unheM Agamatulya mAnya haiN|

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khaNDa : tRtIya. jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama huhRC ina zaurasenI Agamatulya graMthoM meM kaSAyapAhur3a, SaTkhaNDAgama, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA evaM AcArya kundakunda ke graMtha samAhita haiN| lagabhaga tIsarI - cauthI zatI ke Asa - pAsa guNadhara' nAmaka mahAn AcArya hue| unhoMne 'jJAnapravAda' nAmaka pA~caveM pUrva kI dasavIM vastu ke AdhAra para zaurasenI prAkRta meM kaSAya-pAhur3a nAmaka mahAn graMtha kI racanA kI jo SaTkhaNDAgama ke samakakSa hI mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya dharasena kA samaya vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI se pA~cavIM zatI ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai| isa sambandha meM vidvAnoM ke aneka mata haiN| isI kAla ke samIpavartI AcArya kundakunda the| digambaroM meM AcArya dharasena ke ziSya puSpadaMta aura bhUtabalI dvArA racita SaTkhaNDAgama eka prAcIna graMtha hai| yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki AcArya dharasena ko AMzika rUpa se pUrvajJAna thaa| saMgha ke anurodha para muni puSpadaMta aura bhUtabalI ko unhoMne jJAna pradAna kiyA, jinhoMne SaTkhaNDAgama kI, racanA kI isakI bhASA bhI zaurasenI prAkRta hai| zopanI bhASA kI vizeSatA: bhArata ke pazcimI bhAga kI lokabhASA zaurasenI prAkRta meM pracalita thii| mathurA acela (digambara) paramparA kA mukhya kendra thaa| vaha zaurasenI bhASA-bhASI kSetra kA madhyavartI sthAna rhaa| usake pAripArzvika bhAgoM meM prAcIna kAla meM digambara muniyoM kA adhika vicaraNa huaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne sAhitya-racanA meM zaurasenI prAkRta ko mAdhyama ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyaa| pazcima bhArata kA vaha bhAga zUrasena pradeza ke nAma se vikhyAta thaa| jisa prakAra magadhapradeza ke kAraNa vahA~ kI bhASA kA nAma mAgadhI par3A usI prakAra zUrasena pradeza ke kAraNa vahA~ kI bhASA zaurasenI khlaayii| . yadyapi arddhamAgadhI aura zaurasenI donoM hI bhASAyeM mUlata: prAkRta hI haiM kintu, sthAna-viSayaka antara ke kAraNa unameM zabda, dhAtu, prakRti, pratyaya Adi ke saMdarbha meM kucha-kucha bhinnatA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne apane prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke anta meM mAgadhI, arddhamAgadhI, zaurasenI, paizAcI evaM cUlikA paizAcI kA varNana kiyA hai| vahA~ unhoMne arddhamAgadhI aura zaurasenI ke jo lakSaNa batalAye haiM usase unakI bhinnatA prakaTa hotI hai| ina para arddhamAgadhI evaM mahArASTrIprAkRta kA prabhAva hai| 1. jaina dharma pRSTha 262 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3 warrior

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya KHEDAARRESAMAY SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA : AcArya bhUtabalI - puSpadanta (prathama zatAbdI) viracita SaTkhaNDAgama para AcArya vIrasena svAmI (9 vIM zatAbdI) dvArA dhavalA nAmaka eka vistRta TIkA racI gaI hai| SaTkhaNDAgama ke vargaNA nAmaka pA~caveM khaNDa 'karma anuyoga dvAra' meM daza karmabhedoM ke antargata AThaveM tapa:karma kA nirdeza karate hue use chaha Abhyantara aura chaha bAhya tapa ke bheda se bAraha prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| dhyAna : ___ AcArya vIrasena ne apanI TIkA meM Abhyantara tapa ke pA~caveM bheda dhyAna kI prarUpaNA karate hue tattvArtha- sUtra ke anusAra hI yaha kahA hai ki uttama saMhanana vAlA jIva eka viSaya kI ora jo citta ko ekAgra karatA hai use dhyAna kahate haiN| ekAgratA kA Alambana lene vAlA sthira mana hai, usakA nAma dhyAna hai| dhyAtA : 'dhavalA' meM dhyAtA kA vicAra karate hue usameM kauna - kaunasI vizeSatAyeM honI cAhie, ise spaSTa karane ke lie aneka mahattvapUrNa vizeSaNoM kA upayoga karate hae kahA hai ki uttamasaMhanana se yukta, oghabalI- prakhara Atmabala sahita, oghasUraatyadhika AdhyAtmika zaurya dhairya samAyukta aura caudaha athavA dasa-nau pUrvo kA dhAraka dhyAtA hI dhyAna karane kI arhatA rakhatA hai, use itane pUrvo kA dhAraka kyoM honA cAhie, ise spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki jJAna ke binA nau padArthoM kA bodha na ho sakane se usake dhyAna kI upapatti nahIM ho sakatI hai| vaha dhyAtA samasta antaraMga-bahiraMga parigraha kA tyAgI hotA hai, kyoMki jo kSetra, vAstu, dhana, dhAnya, dvipada, catuSpada, yAna, Asana Adi bahiraMga parigraha aura mAyA, lobha, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, strIveda, puruSaveda aura napuMsaka veda Adi aMtaraMga parigraha kI AkAMkSA se ghirA hai, usake uccakoTikA dharmadhyAna yA zukladhyAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| 2. SaTkhaNDAgama 5, 4, 25-26 pu. 13 pR. 54 3. tattvArtha sUtra 9.26 4. SaTkhaNDAgama, dhavalA TIkA pR. 64 5. vahI, pu. 13, pR. 65

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khaNDa : tRtIya dhyeya : TIkAkAra ne Age krama prApta dhyeya kA nirUpaNa karate hue aneka vizeSaNoM se viziSTa vItarAga jinezvara ko, siddha bhagavantoM ko, jinadeva dvArA upadiSTa nau padArthoM ko tathA bAraha anuprekSAoM Adi ko dhyeya - dhyAna ke yogya kahA hai / " dhyAna ke 6 bheda : jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhavalA meM dhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue usake dharma aura zukla ina do bhedoM kA hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 7 Artta aura raudra ina do bhedoM kA nahIM / saMbhava hai, tapa prakaraNa hone se Artta va raudra ina do aprazasta dhyAnoM kI parigaNanA na kI gaI ho / kintu tapa kA prakaraNa hone para bhI mUlAcAra, 8 tattvArtha, aura aupapAtika sUtra 10 meM uparyukta Artta aura raudra ko sammilita kara dhyAna ke pUrvokta cAra bhedoM kA hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 9 svayaM vIrasenAcArya ke ziSya AcArya jinasena ne bhI aprazasta aura prazasta ina do bhedoM kA nirdeza karake unameM aprazasta ko Artta aura raudra ke bheda se do prakAra kA tathA prazasta ko dharma aura zukla ke bheda se do prakAra kA batalAyA hai| dharmadhyAna dhyeya ke bheda se cAra prakAra kA hai : apAyavicaya, 3. vipAkavicaya aura 4. saMsthAnavicaya / 6. vahI, pu. 13 pR. 69-70 7. vahI, pu. 13 pR. 70 1. AjJAvicaya: AjJA, Agama, siddhAnta aura jinavacana ye samAnArthaka zabda haiN| isa AjJA ke anusAra pratyakSa va anumAnAdi pramANoM ke viSayabhUta padArthoM kA jo cintana kiyA jAtA hai usakA nAma AjJAvicaya hai / 11 2. apAyavicaya : mithyAtva, asaMyama, kaSAya aura yoga se utpanna hone 8. mUlAcAra 5.197 9. tattvArthasUtra 9.28 10. aupapAtika sUtra 20 pR. 43 11. SaTkhaNDAgama, dhavalA TIkA pu. 13 pR. 71 5 1. AjJAvicaya, 2.

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga ___ khaNDa : tRtIya vAle, janma - jarA, aura maraNa kI pIr3A kA anubhava karate hue unase hone vAle apAya kA vicAra karanA, apAyavicaya dharmadhyAna hai|12 3. vipAkavicaya : prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza ke bhedoM se zubha - azubha karmoM ke vipAka kA smaraNa karanA vipAkavicaya hai|13 4. saMsthAnavicaya : tInoM lokoM ke AkAra, pramANa evaM unameM vartamAna jIvoM kI Ayu Adi kA vicAra karanA saMsthAnavicaya hai|14 kucha AcAryoM ke anusAra dharmadhyAna asaMyata samyakdRSTi se lekara sUkSmasAMparAya taka sAta guNa - sthAnoM meM hotA hai; jaba ki kucha AcArya apramattasaMyata guNasthAna se hI dharmadhyAna kI sambhAvanA mAnate haiN|15 zukladhyAna : kaSAyamala kA abhAva honA hI zukladhyAna hai,16 isake cAra bheda haiM : pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra, ekatvavitarkaavIcAra, sUkSmakriyAapratipAtI, samucchinna kriyA apratipAtI yA vyuprtkriyaanivRtti| 1. pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra : pRthaktva kA artha hai bheda, vitarka kA artha hai dvAdazAMga zruta aura vIcAra kA matalaba hai artha, vyaMjana aura yoga kA bdlnaa| pRthaktva arthAt bhedarUpa se vitarka arthAt zruta kA vIcAra arthAt badalanA jisa dhyAna meM hotA hai vaha pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra nAmaka prathama zukladhyAna hai| 2. ekatvavitarkavIcAra : eka ke bhAva ko ekatva kahate haiM, vitarka dvAdazAMga ko kahate haiM aura vIcAra kA artha asaMkrAnti hai| abhedarUpa se vitarka sambandhI artha, vyaMjana aura yogoM kA avIcAra arthAt asaMkrAnti jisa dhyAna meM hotI hai vaha ekatvavitarka avIcAra dhyAna hai| isa dhyAna ke dvArA eka hI yoga kA Azraya lekara eka hI dravya kA 12. vahI, pR. 72 13. vahI, pR. 72 14. vahI, pR. 72 15. SaTkhaNDAgama : eka parizIlana pR. 512 - 513 16. SaTkhaNDAgama, dhavalATIkA pu. 13 pR. 73 ~~~~~~~~~~~mmmm 6 cmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyAtA cintana karatA hai| isalie isako ekatvavitarkadhyAna kahA gayA hai| 3. sUkSmakriyA apratipAtI : kriyA kA artha yoga hai| vaha jisake patanazIla ho vaha pratipAtI kahalAtA hai aura usakA ulTA apratipAtI kahalAtA hai| jisameM kriyA arthAt yoga sUkSma hotA hai, vaha sUkSmakriya kahA jAtA hai aura sUkSmakriyA hokara jo apratipAtI hotA hai vaha sUkSmakriyA apratipAtI dhyAna kahalAtA hai| yahA~ kevalajJAna hone se zrutajJAna kA abhAva ho jAtA hai isalie yaha avitarka hai aura arthAntara kI saMkrAnti kA abhAva hone se avIcAra hai athavA vyaMjana aura yoga kI saMkrAnti kA abhAva hone se avIcAra hai| 4. samucchinna kriyA apratipAtI : isa dhyAna meM kriyA arthAt yoga samyak prakAra se ucchinna ho jAtA hai ata: vaha samucchinnakriya kahalAtA hai aura samucchinnakriya hokara jo apratipAtI ho vaha samucchinna kriyA apratipAtI dhyAna hai| yaha zrutajJAna se rahita hone se avitarka hai| jIvapradezoM ke parispanda kA abhAva hone se avIcAra hai athavA artha, vyaMjana, aura yoga kI saMkrAnti kA abhAva hone se avIcAra hai| cAra karmoM kA vinAza isa dhyAna kA phala hai| saba karmoM se mukta huA jIva eka samaya meM siddhi ko prApta hotA hai| ___isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki SaTkhaNDAgama mUlataH karmasiddhAnta kA graMtha hai| usameM karma siddhAnta ke sAtha - sAtha guNasthAnoM kA bhI saMyojana kiyA gayA hai aura isalie usameM guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se dhyAna kA varNana hai| ___ jJAtavya hai ki SaTkhaNDAgama aura usakI dhavalA TIkA mukhyata: dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI hI carcA karatI hai| usase yaha phalita hotA hai ki SaTkhaNDAgama aura usakI dhavalA TIkA meM sAdhanAtmaka dRSTi se hI dhyAna kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| ata: usameM Arta aura raudradhyAna kA vizeSa vicAra nahIM hai| puna: dhyAna ko guNasthAnoM ke sAtha jor3ate hue yaha kahA gayA hai ki dharmadhyAna kA prArambha avirata samyakdRSTi nAmaka cauthe guNasthAna se sambhava hai aura gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka ho sakatA hai| yahA~ jJAtavya tathya yaha hai ki tattvArtha sUtra meM dharmadhyAna kA prArambha apramattasaMyata nAmaka sAtaveM guNasthAna se mAnA gayA hai| yaha matabheda vizeSa rUpa se vicAraNIya hai| isase aisA lagatA hai ki SaTkhaNDAgama mUlata: karma saiddhAntikoM kI paramparA kA anusaraNa karatA hai, yahI kAraNa ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 7 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya hai ki tattvArthasUtra kI zlokavArtika TIkA meM navameM adhyAya ke 36 veM sUtra meM apramattasaMyata "apramattasaMyatasya" yaha mUla pATha bhI nahIM diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ko lekara tattvArthasUtra ke bhASyamAna pATha se zlokavArtika mAnya pATha meM antara hai| saMkSepa meM SaTkhaNDAgama aura dhavalA TIkA kI paramparA aura tattvArtha sUtra ke bhASyamAna kI paramparA bhinna - bhinna pratIta hotI hai| mUlAcAra : mUlAcAra digambara jaina paramparA kA zramaNAcAra viSayaka mahattvapUrNa graMtha hai| yaha zaurasenI prAkRta meM racita hai| prathama mUla aMga Agama 'AcArAMga' ke AdhAra para racita hone ke kAraNa yaha mUlAcAra ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| isameM zramaNoM ke AcAra se sambaddha viSayoM kA vistRta varNana hai| munidharma kI paramparA dIrghakAla paryanta sundara, samIcIna aura utkRSTa rUpa meM calatI rahe, isalie isa grantha kA praNayana huaa| saMyamI sAdhaka munidIkSA grahaNa karate samaya zramaNAcAra kI zuddha paramparA ko jAne, etadartha AcArya vaTTakera ne isakI racanA kii| isameM zramaNa-nirgranthoM kI AcAra saMhitA kA vistRta suvyavasthita vizada rUpa meM varNana hai| yaha acela paramparA kI eka prAcIna evaM prAmANika racanA hai| jisa prakAra anyAnya prAcIna AcAryoM tathA graMthakAroM kA itihAsa hameM suvyavasthita evaM prAmANika rUpa meM prApta nahIM hotA hai vahI sthiti AcArya vaTTakera ke sAtha bhI hai| paramparA se aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki ye sambhavata: cauthI-pA~cavIM zatAbdI ke Asa-pAsa hue hoN| kahA jAtA hai ki ye dakSiNa bhArata meM vaTTakerI nAmaka sthAna ke nivAsI the| vaTTakera digambara paramparA ke mUlasaMgha ke pramukha AcArya the| 'mUlAcAra' kA adhyayana-anuzIlana karane se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki ye bahuzruta, uccakoTi ke siddhAntavettA manISI the aura utkRSTa cAritravAna dharmanAyaka the| digambara tathA zvetAmbara paramparA ke katipaya graMthoM meM 'mUlAcAra' kI kucha gAthAyeM samAna rUpa meM prApta haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pazcAt nirgrantha paramparA jaba zvetAmbara - digambara ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta huI taba donoM hI paramparAoM ke AcAryoM ko zruta kaMThastha rUpa meM prApta thaa| saMgha ke do bhAgoM meM vibhAjana ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama se pUrva kI racanA hone ke kAraNa sambhava hai ina gAthAoM kA upayoga donoM hI paramparA ke AcAryoM ne prasaMgAnusAra apanI racanAoM meM samAnarUpa se kiyA ho| isase isa graMtha kI maulikatA meM koI bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotii| dhyAna bhI zramaNa - sAdhanA kA eka mahattvapUrNa aMga hai| vaha nirjarA ke bAraha bhedoM ke antargata hai| AcArya vaTTakera ne nirjarA ke vivecana ke prasaMga meM dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| __unhoMne sabase pahale Artta-raudra dhyAna kI carcA kI hai, unake bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai|17 ___ Age unhoMne kahA hai ki ye donoM dhyAna bhayotpAdaka haiM, uttama gati meM pratyUhavighna rUpa haiN| inakA parityAga kara dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ko samyak rUpa meM svIkAra karanA caahie|18 isake pazcAt inhoMne dharmadhyAna ke cAroM bhedoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAnavicaya saMjJaka bhedoM kA pRthak - pRthak vivecana karate hue inakI vizeSatAoM tathA Atmazuddhi mUlaka niSpattiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| sAtha hI sAtha dhyAna kI paribhASA hetu anuprekSAoM ke abhyAsa kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai|19 tadanantara unhoMne zukladhyAna ke svarUpa aura bhedoM kA AkhyAna kiyA hai jo AtmA ke vizuddha svarUpa ke sAtha saMpRkta hai|20 dhyAna kI sudRr3hatA aura sthiratA kA saMsUcana karate hue graMthakAra ne prasaMgopAttatayA likhA hai ki jaise girirAja meru pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa dizAoM se AtI huI vAyu se pracAlita nahIM hotA, usI prakAra yogI nAnA upasargoM ke Ane para bhI akampa bhAva se nirantara dhyAna meM nirata rhe|21 17. mUlAcAra 5.197 - 199 pR. 253 - 256 18. vahI, 5.200 pR. 257 19. vahI, 5.201-206 pR. 257-260 20. vahI, 5.207-208 pR. 261-262 21. vahI, 9.118 pR. 497

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga bhagavatI ArAdhanA : AcArya zivAryakRta 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM muniyoM kI aneka sAdhanAoM aura vRttiyoM kA vistRta varNana huA hai| isakA racanAkAla sambhavata: pA~cavIM zatAbdI honA caahie| isameM samyak darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura tapa Adi cAra ArAdhanAoM kI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| isameM lagabhaga 271 gAthAoM meM cAroM prakAra ke dhyAna kA nirUpaNa huA hai| kahA gayA hai ki ratnatraya kA ArAdhaka hI samyak dhyAna kara sakatA hai| isameM tapa ke antargata hI Agama kathita dhyAna kA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha para aparAjitasUri ( anumAnata: vikrama kI 9 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrva ) ke dvArA 'vijayodayA' nAmaka TIkA aura paM. AzAdhara (vi. 13 vIM zatAbdI) dvArA 'mUlArAdhanA darpaNa' nAmaka TIkA racI gaI hai| isake atirikta AcArya amitagati (vi. 11 vIM zatAbdI) dvArA saMskRta meM padyAnuvAda bhI kiyA gayA hai| Arya jinanandigaNI, sarvaguptagaNI aura Arya mitranandI unake vidyA evaM zikSA guru 24122 khaNDa : 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' kI vijayodayA TIkA meM rAga-dveSa aura mithyAtva ke saMparka se rahita hokara padArtha kI yathArthatA ko grahaNa karane vAlA jo viSayAntara ke saMcAra se rahita jJAna hotA hai use dhyAna kahA gayA hai / Age ekAgracintAnirodha ko bhI dhyAna kahA gayA hai| 23 tRtIya dhyAna ke cAra bheda Artta, raudra, dharma aura zukla haiM / 25 ArttadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM- aniSTasaMyogaja, iSTaviyogaja, pariSaha ( vedanA) janya aura nidAna ye saMkSepa meM kaSAya sahita Artta dhyAna ke bheda haiN| 24 1. corI, 2 jhUTha aura 3. hiMsA kA rakSaNa tathA 4. viSaya saMrakSaNa ke lie satata cintana / kaSAya sahita raudradhyAna ke ye cAra bheda haiM / ' grantha meM bhaktapratyAkhyAna ke bhedabhUta savIcAra bhakta pratyAkhyAna ke prasaMga meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki jo saMsAra paribhramaNa ke duHkhoM se DaratA hai vaha Artta aura raudra dhyAna kA tyAga kara saMkleza ke vinAzaka cAra prakAra 22. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza pR. 485 23. bhagavatI ArAdhanA vijayodayA TIkA. 21 va 70 gA. 1693 24. vahI gA. 1697 25. vahI gA. 1998 10

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khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ke dharma aura cAra prakAra ke zukladhyAna kA hI cintana kiyA karatA hai| vaha pariSahoM se santapta hokara bhI kabhI Arta aura raudra ina durvyAnoM kA cintana nahIM krtaa|26 . sugati arthAt uttama gati meM inako pratibandhaka jAnakara inase dUra rahatA huA, samyak buddhi - sampanna kSapaka dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ko dhyAtA hai|27 dhyAna kI sAmagrI : bhagavatI TIkA meM nAka ke agra bhAga para dRSTi ko sthira karake ekaviSayaka parokSa jJAna meM caitanya ko rokakara zuddha cidrUpa apanI AtmA meM smRti kA anusaMdhAna kare, dhyAna kI aisI sAmagrI batalAyI hai| yaha dhyAna saMsAra se chUTane ke lie kiyA jAtA hai|28 viSayoM se indriyoM ko aura mana ko haTAkara vIryAntarAya se utpanna hue vIrya pariNAma ko sthApita karake AtmA meM mana ko lagAtA hai arthAt vIrya pariNAma se apanI zuddha AtmA meM mana ko dhAraNa karatA hai| phira eka viSaya meM mana ko rokakara AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya ina cAra prakAra ke dharmadhyAna ko dhyAtA hai|29 tadanantara AjJAvicayAdi cAroM bhedoM ke pRthak - pRthak lakSaNa, dharmadhyAna ke Alambana Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai|30 dharmadhyAna ke caturtha bheda saMsthAnavicaya meM sambaddha bAraha anuprekSAoM kA bhI nAma nirdeza kara unameM kisa prakAra kyA cintana karanA cAhie, isakI vistAra se prarUpaNA kI gaI hai|31 Age yaha kahA gayA hai ki ukta bAraha anuprekSAe~ dharmadhyAna kI AlambanabhUta haiN| dhyAna ke AlambanoM ke Azraya se muni usa dhyAna se cyuta nahIM hotaa| vAcanA, pRcchanA, parivartanA aura anuprekSA ye ukta dharmadhyAna ke Alambana haiN| loka dharmadhyAna 26. vahI gA. 1669-70 27. vahI gA. 1699 28. vahI gA. 1701 29. vahI gA. 1702-03 30. vahI, gA. 1705-09 31. vahI, gA. 1710-73 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 11 ~~~~~~~~~~

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya ke AlambanoM se bharA huA hai, dhyAna kA icchuka kSapaka mana se jisa ora dekhatA hai vahI usa dharmadhyAna kA Alambana ho jAtA hai / 32 zukladhyAna : dharmadhyAna meM paripUrNa huA apramatta saMyamI hI zukladhyAna dhyAne meM samartha hotA hai kyoMki prathama sopAna arthAta dharmadhyAna ke nahIM hone para dUsarA sopAna car3hanA asambhava 33 zukla dhyAna ke bhI cAra bheda haiM: (1) pRthaktvavitarka vIcAra (2) ekatvavitarka avIcAra (3) sUkSmakriyA apratipAtI ( 4 ) samucchinna apratipAtI / 34 cAroM zukla dhyAna meM antara : Age zukla dhyAna ke ina cAroM bhedoM kA svarUpa samajhAyA gayA hai| 35 TIkAkAra ne ina cAroM dhyAnoM meM antara spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki ekatvavitarkaavIcArazukla dhyAna eka hI dravya kA Azraya letA hai jabaki pRthaktvavitarkavIcAra meM parimita aneka dravyoM evaM paryAyoM kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai| tIsarA sUkSmakriyAapratipAtI dhyAna aura samucchinnakriya anivRtti zukladhyAna sabhI vastuoM ko viSaya karate haiM kyoMki kevalajJAna kA viSaya saba dravya aura saba paryAyeM haiN| pahale zukladhyAna kA svAmI upazAntamoha hotA hai, jabaki dUsare zukladhyAna kA svAmI kSINakaSAya mAnA gayA hai| tIsare zukladhyAna kA svAmI sayogakevalI kahA gayA hai jabaki cauthe zukladhyAna ke svAmI ko ayogakevalI kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra dravya, paryAya evaM svAmI kI apekSA dUsarA zukladhyAna vilakSaNa hai evaM zeSa tInoM dhyAnoM se bhinna hai| isa bhinnatA ke sAtha sAtha ina dhyAnoM meM kucha samAnatA bhI hai jaise pahale zukladhyAna kI taraha dUsarA dhyAna bhI savitarka hai / 36 32. vahI, gA. 1774-76 33. vahI, gA. 1871 34. vahI, gA. 1872-73 35. vahI, gA. 1874-83 36. (ka) vahI, vijayodayA TIkA pR. 837/4 (kha) vahI, gA. 1778-79 12 N

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khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bhagavatI ArAdhanA' aura usakI vijayodayA TIkA meM mukhyata: Agama paramparA ke anusAra hI cAroM dhyAnoM, unake prakAroM Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| Agamika dhArA se isakI samarUpatA yahI siddha karatI hai ki bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke racanA aura usake TIkAkAra mUlata: Agamika dhArA kA hI anusaraNa karate haiN| AcArya kundakunda : __ AcArya kundakunda jainadharma ke mahAn prabhAvaka mahApuruSa mAne gaye haiN| digambara paramparA meM nimnAMkita maMgala zloka bahuta prasiddha hai - maMgalaM bhagavAn vIro, maMgalaM gautamo gnnii| maMgalam kundakundAdyo, jainadharmo'stu mNglm|| isa zloka meM gaNadhara gautama ke pazcAt AcArya kundakunda kA jo nAmollekha huA hai usase unakI mahattA spaSTa hai| unake sambandha meM aisA prasiddha hai ki videhakSetra meM jAkara vahA~ viharaNazIla tIrthaMkara sImaMdhara svAmI kI divya dhvani sunane kA unheM suavasara prApta huA thaa| unakA vAstavika nAma padmanandI thaa| koNDakoNDapura ke nivAsI hone ke kAraNa ve koNDakuNDAcArya ke nAma se prasiddha hue| usI kA parivartita rUpa kundakundAcArya hai| pravacanasAra, paMcAstikAya, samayasAra, aura niyamasAra inake atyanta prasiddha grantha haiN| inake atirikta unhoMne aneka pAhur3oM-prAbhRtoM kI racanA bhI kii| unameM ATha pAhur3a vartamAna kAla meM upalabdha haiN| bodha prAbhRta kI eka gAthA ke anta meM unhoMne apane kI AcArya bhadrabAhu kA ziSya batalAyA hai| karnATaka meM sthita zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekhoM meM inakA yazasvitApUrNa varNana hai| ye bhadrabAhu kauna the aura kundakunda unake sAkSAt ziSya the yA paramparAgata ziSya the, isa para vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| hA~, itanA nizcita hai ki kundakunda zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu prathama ke sAkSAt ziSya nahIM the, paramparAgata ziSya hI ho sakate haiN| inake kAla ko lekara vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| vaha IsA kI prathama zatI se chaThI zatI ke madhya rahA hai| pacAstikAya AcArya kundakunda ne apanI mahattvapUrNa kRti paMcAstikAya meM dhyAna ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki jisake rAga, dveSa, moha aura yoga-parikarma-yogasevana nahIM hai, dUsare Mmmmmmmm 13 mmmmmmmmmmmmm

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya zabdoM meM mana-vacana, evaM kAya ke sambandha meM upekSAbhAva hai usake zubha aura azubha karmoM ko dagdha karane vAlI dhyAnamaya agni prakaTa hotI haiN|37 unake anusAra AtmabhAva meM arthAt svabhAva meM avasthita saMyamI sAdhaka anya dravyoM ke saMyoga se rahita zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna dhyAtA hai, usakA vaha dhyAna karmanirjaraNa kA hetu banatA hai|38 AcArya kundakunda ne dhyAna ke prasaMga meM jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha nizcayanaya aura vizuddha Atma - bhAvAnugAmI ke dRSTikoNa se sambaddha hai| ataeva unhoMne bAhya upacAroM ko apane vivecana meM sthAna nahIM diyA hai| isase dhyAna kI ucca bhUmikA prApta karane kI preraNA milatI hai| yadyapi usa ucca bhUmikA kI siddhi sugama to nahIM hai, bar3I durgama hai, kintu sAdhaka ke mana meM preraNAjanita sphUrti jAgRta rahe to usake puruSArtha ko sambala prApta hotA hai| samayasAra : AcArya kundakunda ne 'samayasAra' meM saMvara ke vivecana ke antargata dhyAna kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki jo sAdhaka saba prakAra kI AsaktiyoM se mukta hokara apanI AtmA kA AtmA se dhyAna karatA hai vaha karma tathA nokarma kA cintana nahIM karatA, aisA cintana karane vAlA AtmA ke ekatva kA cintana karatA hai| isa prakAra AtmA kA dhyAna karatA huA darzana aura jJAnamaya ho kara kisI se na jur3atA huA vaha svalpakAla meM hI karmoM se pravimukta ho jAtA hai aura AtmasvarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai|39 niyamasAra : AcArya kundakunda ne 'niyamasAra' meM pratikramaNa ke varNana ke saMdarbha meM dhyAna kI carcA kI hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki Arta aura raudra dhyAna kA parityAga kara dharma tathA zukla dhyAna kA abhyAsa karatA hai vaha AtmA pratikramaNa svarUpa hai| aisA jinendra bhagavAna ke dvArA nirUpita sUtroM, siddhAntoM meM nirUpita huA hai|40 37.paMcAstikAya gA. 146 pR. 210 38. vahI, gA. 152 pR. 219 39. samayasAra gA. 188-189 pR. 310 40. niyamasAra gA. 89 pR. 168 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 14 ~~~~~~

Page #157
khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama niyamasAra' para zrIpadmaprabhamaladhArIdeva dvArA saMskRta meM viracita tAtparyavRtti nAmaka saMskRta TIkA meM isa gAthA kI vyAkhyA karate hue zukladhyAna ke sambandha meM nimnAMkita zloka uddhRta kiyA gayA hai niSkriya karaNAtItaM, dhyaandhyeyvivrjitm| antarmukhaM tu yaddhayAnaM, tacchuklaM yogino viduH|| jo kriyArahita, karaNAtIta, dhyAna aura dhyeya ke bheda se vivarjita evaM antarmukhIna hotA hai adhyAtmayogiyoM ne use zukladhyAna batalAyA hai|41 AtmA uttamArtha parama uttama zuddha padArtha hai usa samaya AtmabhAva meM sthita saMyamI sAdhaka karma kA ghAta-nAza karate haiN| AtmabhAva meM sthiti dhyAna rUpa hI hai| yahI pAramArthika pratikramaNa haiM - bahimurkhatA se AtmonmukhatA kI ora pratyAvartana honA hai|42 ___ dhyAna hI vastuta: samasta aticAroM kA pratikramaNa hai| sabase haTakara apane Apa meM lauTanA yA sthita honA hI dhyAna hai|43 saMskRta TIkAkAra ne isa gAthA kA vivecana karate hue nimnAMkita zloka uddhRta kiyA hai zukladhyAnapradIpo'yaM yasya cittAlaye bbhau| sa yogI, tasya zuddhAtmA, pratyakSo bhavati svym|| zukla dhyAna rUpI dIpaka citta rUpI Alaya-ghara meM prakAzita hotA hai, usa yogI ke zuddhAtma bhAva svayaM prakAzita hotA hai|4 moha. rAga, dveSa Adi parabhAvoM ke vidhvaMsaka AtmA ke parama samAdhibhAva kA vizleSaNa karate hue graMthakAra ne likhA hai - vacanoccAraNa kriyA kA parityAga kara vItarAga bhAva meM avasthita hokara jo AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai usake parama samAdhibhAva niSpanna hotA hai|45 41. vahI, (TIkA) pR. 169 42. vahI, gA. 92 pR. 174 43. vahI, 92 pR. 177 44. vahI, TIkA pR. 178 45. vahI, gA. 122 pR. 247 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Page #158
zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya saMyama, niyama, tapa pUrvaka tathA dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna dvArA jo AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai use paramasamAdhi siddha hotI hai / 46 isa gAthA kA vivecana karate hue TIkAkAra ne samAdhi ke mAhAtmya ko nimnAMkita zloka dvArA sUcita kiyA hai nirvikalpe samAdhau yo nityaM tiSThati cinmaye / dvaitAdvaitavinirmuktamAtmAnaM taM namAmyaham // jo AtmA nirvikalpa, cinmaya samAdhi meM saMsthita hai, dvaita aura advaita ke bhAva se nirmukta hai usa AtmA ko maiM namana karatA huuN| 47 dhyAna se udbhUta hone vAle samatva se rahita sAdhaka cAhe vana meM nivAsa kareM, cAhe kAyakleza Adi kareM, mAtra upavAsa, adhyayana, mauna Adi kyA unako kalyANa kara sakate haiM 148 A raudra dhyAna ke parityAga kA vizeSa rUpa meM upadeza karate hue graMthakAra ne kahA hai ki jo sAdhaka Artta evaM raudra dhyAna kA nitya varjana evaM tyAga karatA hai usameM sAmAyika rUpa AtmabhAva sthira ho jAtA hai / kevalIprabhu ke zAsana meM aisA batalAyA gayA hai / 49 antarAtmA aura bahirAtmA kI bheda vivakSA meM graMthakAra ne kahA hai ki jo zramaNa dharmadhyAna evaM zukla dhyAna meM pariNata hotA hai vaha antarAtmA - antarAtmasvarUpa kahA jAtA hai| jo dhyAna se vihIna hotA hai vaha bahirAtmA 50 bahirAtmasvarUpa hai| saMskRta TIkAkAra ne isa prasaMga meM nimnAMkita zloka uddhRta kiyA hai :kazcinmuniH satatanirmaladharmazukla - dhyAnAmRte samarase khalu vartate'sau / tAbhyAM vihInamuni ko, bahirAtmako'yaM pUrvoktayoginamahaM zaraNaM prapadye // 46. vahI, gA. 123 pR. 249 47. vahI, TIkA pR. 250 48. vahI, gA. 124 pR. 250 49. vahI, gA. 129 pR. 260 50. vahI, gA. 151 pR. 304 - 16

Page #159
khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama saMyamI sAdhaka jo anavarata nirmala dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna meM nirata rahatA hai, vaha samarasatAmaya dhyAnarUpI amRta meM vartanazIla rahatA hai| jo saMyamI sAdhaka una donoM dhyAnoM se vihIna hai vaha bahirAtmA hai aise ina donoM dhyAnoM se yukta yogI kI maiM zaraNa svIkAra karatA huuN| 1 isa zloka meM dharma evaM zukladhyAna meM saMlagna sAdhaka kI zaraNa grahaNa karane kA ullekha huA hai| usase inakI zreyaskAritA kalyANakAritA siddha hotI hai| dhyAna kI garimA darzAte hue graMthakAra ne likhA hai ki yadi karane kI zakti yA parAkrama ho to sAdhaka dhyAnamaya pratikramaNa hI kre| yadi vaisA karane kI kSamatA se rahita ho to use zraddhAna hI karanA caahie| TIkAkAra ne isa gAthA ke vivecana meM nimnAMkita zloka uddhRta kiyA haiasAre saMsAre kalivilasite pApabahule, na muktimArge'sminnanajinanAthasya bhvti| ato'dhyAtma dhyAnaM kathamiha bhavennirmaladhiyAM, nijAtmazraddhAnaM bhavabhayaharaM sviikRtmidm|| kalikAla se prabhAvita isa asAra saMsAra meM parama pavitra jinadeva ke mArga meM unmukta rUpa se lIna honA bar3A kaThina hai, ata: nirmala buddhi puruSoM ke AdhyAtmika dhyAna-dharma aura zukla dhyAna kaise sadha pAye ? vaisA na ho sakane para AvAgamana ke bhaya kA nAza karane vAlA Atma-zraddhAna hI svIkRta hai|52 AcArya kundakunda ne dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI ucca bhUmikAoM kA saMsparza karate hue use jo vizeSaNa diyA hai, vaha AdhyAtmika hai, AtmA ke vizuddha svarUpa ko parilakSita kara hai| vahI dhyAna samAdhi ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai jahA~ dhyAtA, dhyAna aura dhyeya abhinna bana jAte haiM, abhedAvasthA prApta kara lete haiN| 51. vahI, TIkA pR. 305 52. vahI, gA. 154 pR. 308 '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 17 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Page #160
zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga pAhur3a isa pAhur3a meM AcArya kundakunda ne dhyAna kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA ke rUpa meM AtmA ke tIna prakAra haiM / antarAtmA ke upAya dvArA bahirAtma bhAva kA tyAga kara sAdhaka paramAtmabhAva kA dhyAna kare / 53 - jo uttama cAritra saMpanna sAdhaka paradravya se parAGmukha hokara Sadravya yA nija svarUpa kA dhyAna karate haiM ve jinendra prabhu dvArA nirdiSTa mArga meM 'anurakta hote hue nirvANa prApta karate haiN| jinendra prabhu ke siddhAntAnusAra jo yogI apane dhyAna meM zuddha AtmA ko dhyAtA hai usa para ekAgra hotA hai vaha nirvANa prApta karatA hai| usase svarga loka ko prApta karanA to kyA kaThina hai / 54 khaNDa : tRtIya yadyapi zubha rAga rUpa tapa dvArA svarga to mila jAtA hai, kintu Age pAralaukika zAzvata sukha nahIM milatA para jo dhyAnayoga dvArA svarga prApta karate haiM, ve hI Age usakA avalambana lete hue zAzvata pAralaukika AdhyAtmika sukha, paramAnanda prApta kara sakate haiN| 55 zubha rAga pUrvaka anazana AtApanAdi jo bAhya tapa kiye jAte haiM unase svarga prApta hotA hai / usa tapa kA paryavasAna vahIM taka rahatA hai, kintu jo dhyAna rUpa Antarika tapa dvArA svarga prApta karate haiM, svarga-sukha kI samApti ke pazcAt bhI dhyAna tapa ke saMskAra bane rahate haiM, ve unheM aisI sAdhanA se jor3ate haiM jisase ve antataH mokSa rUpa parama sukha ke adhikArI bana jAte haiN| samasta kaSAyoM ke gaurava - mada, rAga-dveSa tathA moha kA parityAga kara loka vyavahAra se virakta hokara dhyAna meM sthita huA sAdhaka AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai| 56 53. aSTapAhuDa : mokSapAhuDa gA. 4 pR. 273 54. vahI, gA. 19-20 pR. 282-283 55. vahI, gA. 23 pR. 285 56. vahI, gA. 27 pR. 287 18 !

Page #161
khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jo saMyamI sAdhaka ratnatraya yukta hotA huA apanI zakti ke anusAra tapazcaraNa karatA hai vaha zuddha AtmA kA dhyAna karatA huA parama pada nirvANa ko prApta karatA hai / saMyamI sAdhaka mana, vacana aura kAya se varSA, zIta, uSNa ina tIna kAlayogoM ko dhAraNa kara mAyA, mithyA, nidAna ina tIna zalyoM se rahita hokara rAga- - dveSa rUpa do doSoM ko chor3atA huA sarvakarmavinirmukta zuddha paramAtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai| 57 jo sAdhaka paramAtmA kA dhyAna karatA huA rahatA hai vaha karmarUpa mala kA saMcaya karane vAle lobha evaM kaSAya se chUTatA jAtA hai, naye karmoM kA vaha bandha nahIM karatA / sudRr3ha samyaktva se bhAvita matiyukta dhyAnayogI dRr3ha cAritra yukta hotA huA, AtmA kA dhyAna karatA huA paramapada paramAtmapada prApta karatA hai / 58 sAdhaka AhAra, Asana evaM nidrA kA vijaya kara inheM vaza meM kara jineMdra prabhu mata aura guru ke anugraha se AtmasvarUpa ko jAnatA huA usakA dhyAna kare / AtmA cAritra, darzana evaM jJAna yukta hai, guru ke anugraha se yaha jAnakara sAdhaka ko nitya AtmasvarUpa kA dhyAna karanA cAhie / 59 jo AtmA kA dhyAna karate haiM, dRr3ha cAritra yukta haiM, jinako darzanazuddhi prApta hai - jinakA bAhya evaM Abhyantara darzana zuddha hai, nizcaya hI ve nirvANa prApta karate haiN| 60 dhyAna kI sAdhyatA ke saMdarbha meM graMthakAra ne likhA hai ki cAritramoha ke prabala udaya ke kAraNa jinakI caryA AcAramUlakakriyA AvRtta hai, aprakaTa hai, jo vratoM evaM samitiyoM se rahita haiM, zuddha bhAva se prabhraSTa haiM, atyanta patita haiM, ve kahate haiM ki abhI yaha paMcamakAla hai isameM dhyAna yoga prakaTa nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra kahane vAle samyaktva se aura jJAna se rahita haiM, abhavya haiM, sAMsArika sukhoM ko zreSTha jAnakara unameM Asakta haiM isalie ve aisA kahate haiM ki yaha dhyAna kA kAla nahIM hai / jo pA~ca mahAvratoM, pA~ca 57. vahI, gA. 43, 44 pR. 298-299 58. vahI, gA. 48-49 pR. 302 59. vahI, gA. 63-64 pR. 312 60. vahI, gA. 70 pR. 316 19

Page #162
zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya samitiyoM, tIna guptiyoM kA pAlana karane meM mohavaza asamartha haiM, ajJAnayukta haiM, ve hI isa prakAra kA kathana karate haiM ki dhyAna nahIM sadha pAtA / * bharata kSetra meM duSamakAla- - paMcama Araka meM bhI AtmasvabhAva meM sthita saMyamI sAdhaka ke dharmadhyAna sadhatA hai| jo aisA nahIM mAnatA vaha ajJAnI hai| dharmadhyAna ke svarUpa kA use bodha hI nahIM hai| isa kAla meM bhI jo saMyamI sAdhaka triratna zuddha haiM, samyak darzana - jJAna - cAritra kI zuddhatA 'se yukta haiM, ve AtmA kA dhyAna kara indra yA lokAntika deva kA pada prApta karate haiM aura vahA~ se cyavana kara Age nirvANa ko prApta karate haiN| 61 -- jo deva guru ke bhakta haiM, nirveda paramparA - mokSa paripATI kA vicintana karate haiM aise dhyAnarata saccAritraniSTha sAdhaka mokSamArga meM gRhIta kiye gaye haiN| 62 yaha AtmA puruSAkAra meM avasthita hai, usake mana, vacana, kAya ke yoga niruddha haiM, sabhI aMga sunizcala haiM, samyagjJAna evaM samyagdarzana se jo paripUrNa haiM, jise kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana prApta hai aise AtmasvarUpa kA dhyAnayogI dhyAna karatA hai, vaha pApoM kA hanana karatA hai aura vaha rAga-dveSAtmaka vikalpoM dvandvoM se rahita ho jAtA hai| 63 dhyAnAnurAgI zrAvaka sunirmala meruvat, niSprakampa, acala, samyaktva ko grahaNa kara duHkha kA kSaya karane ke lie samyagdarzana kA dhyAna kareM / jo zrAvaka samyaktva kA dhyAna karatA hai vaha samyak dRSTi prApta kara letA hai| samyaktva meM pariNata huA vaha sAdhaka aSTa karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai / ' 64 graMthakAra ne yahA~ samyaktva prApti se aSTakarma kSaya taka kA mahattvapUrNa krama atisaMkSepa meM prakaTa kiyA hai| samyaktva darzana ke dhyAna se jIvana meM sat zraddhAna ke rUpa meM usakI pariNati hotI hai aura vaha jyoM-jyoM isa krama meM Age bar3hatA jAtA hai, tyoM-tyoM karmoM se AcchAdita usakA AtmasvarUpa udghATita hotA jAtA hai| jaba 61. vahI, gA. 73-77 pR. 318-320 62. vahI, gA. 82 pR. 323 63. vahI, gA. 84 pR. 325 64. vahI, gA. 86-87 pR. 326-327 7 20 Ph

Page #163
khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyAnayoga kA yaha krama abhagna aura avyAhata rUpa meM calatA jAtA hai to antata: AThoM karma kSINa ho jAte haiN| AtmA ke parama zuddha svarUpa kA varNana karate hue graMthakAra ne likhA hai - jisako loka meM indra Adi bhI namana karate haiM, dhyAnayogya tathA stuti karane yogya tIrthaMkara Adi bhI jisakA dhyAna karate haiM, stuti karate haiM usa vizuddhadehastha AtmA ko kyoM nahIM jAnate, usake mahattva ko kyoM nahIM samajhate, vahI to namana karane yogya, dhyAna karane yogya va stavana karane yogya hai|65 isa gAthA meM graMthakAra ne dhyAna ke parama zuddha dhyeya-paramAtma svarUpa ko iMgita kiyA hai, jo kisI bhI prakAra ke bAhya Alambana se bhinna hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA : ___ kArtikeyAnuprekSA zaurasenI prAkRta meM racita (lagabhaga chaThI zatI) anuprekSA yA bhAvanA viSayaka eka mahattvapUrNa graMtha hai| yahA~ dhyAna kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki kisI eka vastu meM cintana kA nirodha dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| vaha antarmuhUrta taka hotA hai aura zubha aura azubha ke rUpa meM do prakAra kA hai| unameM prathama ArtadhyAna kaSAya aura dUsarA raudradhyAna ati tIvra kaSAya se hotA hai| ye azubha dhyAna haiN| dharma tathA zukla zubha aura zubhatara dhyAna haiN| Age granthakAra ne ina dhyAnoM kA vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| dharmadhyAna kI carcA karate hue likhA hai-dharma vastu kA svabhAva hai| vaha kSamA Adi ke rUpa meM dasa prakAra kA hai, ratnatraya dharma hai, jIvoM kI rakSA karanA dharma hai| jo aise dharma para apane mana ko ekAgra karatA hai tathA pA~ca prakAra ke indriya-viSaya kA vedana nahIM karatA, vairAgyayukta hotA hai vaise jJAnI ke dharmadhyAna sadhatA hai| jo AtmabalI, saMyamI sAdhaka rAga-dveSa ko jItakara vizuddhatA prApta kara cukA ho, bAhya saMkalpoM se mAnasika ekAgratA sAdha cukA ho, usakA cintana zubhadhyAnamaya hai|67 65. vahI, gA. 102-103 pR. 336-337 66. kArtikeyAnuprekSA 470-71-72 67. vahI, 478-79-80 ~~~~~~- 21 ~~~~~

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga __khaNDa : tRtIya isI tathya kA Age aura vizuddha rUpa meM varNana karate hue granthakAra ne kahA hai ki jisakA AtmasvarUpa udbhAsita ho cukA ho, jisane mamatva kA nAza kara diyA ho, indriyoM ko jIta liyA ho, vaha zubha dhyAna meM rata hotA huA AtmA ke cintana meM saMlagna rahatA hai| jisane saba prakAra ke vikalpoM kA varjana kara diyA hai, AtmasvarUpa meM mana kA nirodha kara diyA hai vaha sukhapUrvaka AnandapUrvaka dharma kA cintana karatA hai, yahI uttama dhyAna hai|68 nirUpaNa karate hue graMthakAra ne likhA hai ki jahA~ AtmaguNa vizuddhi prApta kara lete haiM vahA~ karmoM kA upazama aura kSaya ho jAtA hai| lezyAe~ bhI zukla ho jAtI haiM, vahA~ jo ekAgratAmUlaka cintana hotA hai vaha zukladhyAna kahA jAtA hai| jisake moha kA ni:zeSa rUpa meM vilaya ho gayA hai, jisake kaSAya kSINa ho gaye haiM tathA anta samaya meM jo apane svarUpa meM lIna hokara ekAgra cintana karatA hai vaha zukladhyAna hai|69 mukhyatayA yaha graMtha anuprekSAoM yA bhAvanAoM para likhA gayA hai| isameM dvAdaza bhAvanAoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| dasavIM lokAnuprekSA ke antargata unhoMne lokavartI jIvanikAya kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| isase prakaTa hotA hai ki jaba anuprekSAe~ siddha ho jAtI haiM taba vyakti kA mana jAgatika dvandvoM aura vikalpoM se dUra rahane kI sthiti prApta kara letA hai| vaisA hue binA dhyAna kadApi siddha nahIM ho paataa| ataeva anuprekSAoM ke abhyAsa ke sAtha dhyAnasAdhanA meM jo sAdhaka samarpita hote haiM ve nirvighnatayA apane AdhyAtmika udyama meM uttarottara saphala hote jAte haiM aura dhyAnasiddhi prApta kara antata: ve parinirvANa rUpa meM apanA lakSya siddha kara lete haiN| yogasAra : yogIndudeva ne 'yogasAra' ke prArambha meM dhyAna ke sambandha meM siddha paramAtmA ko namaskAra karate hue likhA hai - jinhoMne zuddha dhyAna meM sthita hokara karmamala ko jalA DAlA tathA utkRSTa paramAtmapada ko prApta kiyA una siddha paramAtmAoM ko maiM namana karatA huuN| 68. vahI, 481-482 69. vahI, 484-485 70. yogasAra gA. 1 pR. 1 Mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 22 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : tRtIya isa padya kA vivecana karate hue AdhyAtmika santa zrI kAnajIsvAmI ne likhA hai - pratyeka AtmA zuddha cidAnanda mUrti siddha paramAtmA ke samAna hI hai / pratyeka AtmA ko sarvajJadeva ne siddha samAna hI dekhA hai / aise zuddha cidAnanda svarUpa AtmA meM ekAgratA hI nirmala dhyAna hai| nirmala dhyAna se hI mokSamArga prArambha hotA hai aura anta meM zuddha dazA prApta hotI hai| zuddha caitanya mUrti AtmA kI ekAgratA ke samaya hI AMzika dharmadazA prakaTa hotI hai, vahI samyagdarzana hai| 71 zrI yogIndudeva ne kahA hai - yadi cAroM gatiyoM ke bhramaNa se bhayabhIta ho to parabhAvoM kA tyAga karo / nirmala AtmA kA dhyAna karo jisase mokSa ke sukha ko prApta kara sko| 1 72 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jo gRhastha ke vyApAra meM saMlagna hai tathA heya - upAdeya ko jAnate haiM aura aharniza jinendradeva kA dhyAna karate haiM, ve bhI zIghra nirvANa ko prApta karate haiM / zuddha bhAva se jinendra deva kA smaraNa karo, unakA cintana karo, dhyAna karo, aisA dhyAna karane se paramapada prApta ho jAtA hai| 73 jo tInoM lokoM ke prANiyoM dvArA dhyAna karane yogya jinendradeva haiM vaha yaha AtmA hI hai aisA nizcaya dRSTi se kahA gayA hai| isa bAta meM jarA bhI sandeha nahIM hai| 74 dravyasaMgraha : siddhAntacakravartI nemicandra viracita dravyasaMgraha (lagabhaga 11vIM zatI) meM bhI zuddha Atmaparaka dhyAna kA vizleSaNa karate hue sAdhaka ko sambodhita kara kahA hai ki nizcaya aura vyavahAra ke bheda se do prakAra ke usa mokSamArga kI prApti kA kAraNa dhyAna hai / ataeva mukti prApti ke lie dhyAna ke abhyAsa kI jahA~ tahA~ preraNA kI gaI hai| 75 71. vahI, pR. 2 72. vahI, gA. 5 pR. 9 73. vahI, gA. 18-19 pR. 28, 32 74. vahI, gA. 28 pR. 38 75. dravyasaMgraha gA. 47, 48 23 -

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zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya meM dhyAnayoga khaNDa : tRtIya yadi tuma apane citta ko dhyAnasiddhi meM sthira karanA cAhate ho to du:sahavikalpoM meM mUrcchita evaM anuraMjita mata bno| isa grantha meM dhyAna ke Arta Adi bhedoM kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA gayA hai para vahA~ parameSThivAcaka aneka padoM ke japane aura pA~coM parameSThiyoM ke svarUpa ke vicAra karane kI jo preraNA kI gaI hai usase padastha, piNDastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAnoM kA kucha saMketa milatA hai| TIkAkAra brahmadeva ne (vi. 11-12 vIM zatI) Agama ke anusAra ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ye cAra bheda kiye haiN| ___ Age batAyA hai ki mantra-vAkyoM meM jo sthita hai vaha padastha dhyAna hai, nija AtmA kA cintana piNDastha dhyAna hai, sarvacidrUpa kA cintana jisameM hotA hai vaha rUpastha dhyAna hai aura niraMjana kA jo dhyAna hai vaha rUpAtIta dhyAna hai| 8 ekamAtra AtmA, AtmA meM apane svarUpa meM sthira ho ske| yahI utkRSTa dhyAna hai|9 ___ isa prakAra zaurasenI Agamatulya sAhitya meM SaTkhaNDAgama, mUlAcAra, bhagavatIArAdhanA Adi meM dhyAna ke cAroM prakAra Adi kA ullekha milatA hai, kintu ina granthoM meM vizeSatA yaha rahI hai ki Atmavizuddhi kA hetu dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ko hI mAnA gayA hai| ina granthoM meM dhyAna ko paribhASita yA vyAkhyAyita karane kI apekSA vaha AdhyAtmika vikAsa - yAtrA meM kisa prakAra sahAyaka hai, isakA ullekha huA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne to apane granthoM meM dhyAna kA prayojana zuddha Atmatattva meM avasthiti ko mAnA hai| unakA vivecana nizcaya naya pradhAna hai| dUsare, ve svasvarUpa meM avasthiti ko hI dhyAna kA lakSya mAnate haiM; dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna kI tripuTI ke mUla meM AtmA ko hI dekhate haiN| unake anusAra AtmA hI dhyAtA hai, zuddha Atmatattva hI dhyeya hai aura zuddha Atma tattva ke svarUpa meM ramaNa karanA hI dhyAna hai| dhyAtA, dhyeya 76. vahI, gA. 49 77. vahI, gA. 50-54 78. bRhadravyasaMgraha 182-185 79. dravyasaMgraha gA. 56 ~~mmmmmmmmmmmmm 24 cmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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khaNDa : tRtIya jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama aura dhyAna meM tAdAtmya kI yaha carcA AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kI vizeSatA hai| dUsarI bAta jo AcArya kundakunda ke dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM pramukha rUpa se ubhara kara sAmane AtI hai vaha yaha ki ve dhyAna kA sAdhya nirvikalpa dazA ko mAnate haiM aura isalie dharmadhyAna kI apekSA zukladhyAna unakI vivecanA kA mukhya viSaya rahA hai| 'mUlAcAra' meM dhyAna sambandhI vivecanA arddhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya ke samAna hI huI hai| mUlAcAra aura arddhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya ke dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM samarUpatA hai kintu AcArya kundakunda dhyAna ke sambandha meM eka alaga hI dRSTi prastuta karate haiN| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM bhAvanAoM ko hI yA anuprekSAoM ko hI dhyAtavya mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra zaurasenI Agamatulya sAhitya meM jahA~ eka ora arddhamAgadhI sAhitya ke vivecana se samarUpatA pratIta hotI hai, vahIM kundakunda Adi ke granthoM meM dhyAna ke sambandha meM paramparAgata dRSTi se Upara uThakara AdhyAtmika dRSTi se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 25 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ khaNDa: - ca AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza TRINATIONAL AcArya umAsvAtikRta tattvArthasUtra jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka pUjyapAda - iSTopadeza, samAdhitaMtra ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha khaNDa:- caturtha 2 . ... / AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza - AcArya umAsvAti kRta tattvArtha sUtra : jaina sAhitya meM tattvArthasUtra kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| paramparA se jaina Agama arddhamAgadhI prAkRta meM race gaye sUtra haiM jo sAhityika dRSTi se sarvAdhika prAcIna kahe jA sakate haiN| jainoM ne prAkRta ko apanI dhArmika bhASA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA, kyoMki yaha mahAvIra ke samaya meM lokabhASA ke rUpa meM pracalita thii| jaina tIrthaMkara tathA tadanugAmI AcArya, munigaNa jana-jana ke upakAra ke lie hI upadeza denA upayogI mAnate the| __ zvetAmbara paramparA meM arddhamAgadhI prAkRta kA zAstra-racanA kI dRSTi se upayoga huaa| digambara AcAryoM, santoM aura lekhakoM ne arddhamAgadhI ke sthAna para zaurasenI kA upayoga kiyaa| bhArata meM vaidika paramparA meM zAstra-racanA kI dRSTi se saMskRta kA sarvAdhika mahattva rhaa| vaidika aura laukika ke bheda se saMskRta ke do rUpa haiN| bheda kA tAtparya ina donoM bhASAoM kI bhinnatA hai| vaidika saMskRta meM zabda, dhAtu Adi ke vikalpoM kA bAhulya hai| laukika saMskRta adhika parimArjita aura vyAkaraNaniSTha hai| veda, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka tathA upaniSad Adi vaidika saMskRta meM racita haiN| rAmAyaNa evaM mahAbhArata se lekara uttaravartI sAhitya laukika saMskRta meM hai| darzanazAstroM kI racanA laukika saMskRta meM hI huii| bhASAzAstrIya dRSTi se saMskRta kI apanI yaha vizeSatA hai ki usameM alpatama zabdoM meM vistRta bhAva vyakta kiye jA sakate haiN|

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ___ saMskRta kI isI vizeSatA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue AcArya umAsvAti ne jaina tattvoM ke nirUpaNa hetu saMskRta bhASA meM tattvArthasUtra kI racanA kii| sUtrabaddha zailI meM grantha racane kI saMskRta meM eka vizeSa paddhati rahI hai| . sUtrazailI saMkSiptatama zabdAvalI meM adhikatama Azaya ko vyakta karane kI eka vizeSa vidhA rahI hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne isI dRSTikoNa se saMskRta meM yaha grantha rcaa| aitihAsika dRSTi se jaina paramparA meM saMskRta kI yaha pahalI racanA hai| yahI eka mAtra aisA grantha hai jo katipaya sUtroM ke bheda ke sAtha zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM dvArA mAnya hai| granthakAra zvetAmbara paramparA meM umAsvAti ke nAma se aura digambara paramparA meM umAsvAmI ke nAma se vikhyAta hai| bhArata ke prAcIna granthakAroM ne apane granthoM meM apane jIvanavRtta, samaya Adi aitihAsika tathyoM kA prAya: ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| isalie unake kAla-nirdhAraNa meM bar3I kaThinAI pratIta hotI hai| tattvArthasUtra ke racanAkAra ke saMbaMdha meM bhI yahI bAta hai| yadyapi unhoMne apane grantha ke anta meM prazasti avazya likhI hai kintu usameM mAtra apanI guruparamparA kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| - prAcIna granthakAroM dvArA apanA paricaya na diye jAne ke pIche vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki ve bar3e hI nispRha aura sAdhanApravaNa the| isalie ve apanA paricaya dene meM jarA bhI abhirucizIla nahIM rhe| saMbhavata: ve use mAna kA rUpa samajhate rahe hoN| unakA eka mAtra yahI bhAva rahA ki loga unake dvArA nirUpita tattvoM se lAbhAnvita hoN| suprasiddha vidvAn paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ne 'tattvArthasUtra' kI prastAvanA meM isa para kAphI UhApoha kiyA hai| kucha logoM kI aisI mAnyatA hai ki umAsvAti AcArya kundakunda ke ziSya the| kintu isa saMbaMdha meM koI Thosa pramANa prApta nahIM hote| gRddhapicchAcArya vizeSaNa bhI unake nAma ke sAtha jur3A hai| kintu gaveSaNA karane para aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha unakA nAma nahIM varan unakA vizeSaNa thaa| saMbhava hai ve mayUra ke paMkhoM kI picchI ke sthAna para gRddha ke paMkhoM kI picchI rakhate rahe hoN| AcArya umAsvAti kA samaya vibhinna vidvAnoM dvArA prathama se caturtha zatI ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai|

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha jaina darzana ke anusAra jIvana kA antima lakSya mokSa hai| isI ko lakSyita kara AcArya umAsvAti ne isa grantha kI racanA kii| isalie ise mokSazAstra ke nAma se bhI abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra isa para tattvArthAdhigama nAmaka svopajJabhASya bhI hai| tattvArthasUtra para aneka zvetAmbara-digambara AcAryoM ne vyAkhyA-granthoM kI racanA kI hai jinameM AcArya pUjyapAda dvArA racita sarvArthasiddhi, bhaTTa akalaMkadeva dvArA praNIta tattvArtha rAjavArtika tathA AcArya vidyAnanda dvArA racita-tattvArtha zlokavArtikAlaMkAra nAmaka TIkAe~ bahuta mahattvapUrNa haiM inameM tattvArthasUtra ke viSayoM kA bahuta hI mArmika vizleSaNa hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM siddhasenagaNi aura AcArya haribhadra ne bhI isa para gaMbhIra TIkAe~ likhI haiN| isa grantha ke sUtra bar3I hI sarala, prAJjala saMskRta meM racita haiM, isase pratIta hotA hai ki granthakAra kA saMskRta bhASA para asAdhAraNa adhikAra thaa| yaha grantha dasa adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| inameM nava tattvoM yA sapta padArthoM kA sUtrazailI meM vivecana hai| dhyAna kI paribhASA : tattvArthasUtra meM nirjarA tattva ke antargata dhyAna kA ullekha hai| vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki "uttamasaMhananasyaikAgraciMtAnirodho dhyAnam' arthAt uttama saMhanana vAle vyakti kA kisI eka viSaya meM cintana karane hetu mana ko ekAgra karake niruddha karanA dhyAna hai|' isa paribhASA meM kahI gaI eka bAta bar3I mahattvapUrNa hai| AcArya umAsvAti kahate haiM ki dhyAna ko sAdhane ke lie vyakti kA daihika saMhanana bhI uttama koTi kA honA caahie| uttama saMhanana meM 'bhASya' meM do saMhanana svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana aura vjrnaaraacsNhnn| kintu digambara paramparA meM tIsarA nArAca saMhanana bhI uttama mAnA gayA hai| dhyAna ke adhikArI : saMhanana jaina zAstroM kA eka pAribhASika zabda hai, jo zarIra ke jor3oM kI saMracanA 1. tattvArtha sUtra 9.27 (ka) prajJApanA sUtra 23/299 (kha) sthAnAMga sUtra 6.3.494 (ga) karmagrantha 1.38.39 rammmmmmmmmmmm 4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ke vizeSa artha meM prayukta hotA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna honA svAbhAvika hai ki dhyAna, jisakA saMbaMdha mAtra mana ke sAtha hai, daihika dRr3hatA se kaise jur3e? kucha gaharAI meM jAe~ to hameM pratIta hogA ki dhyAna ke lie mana kI svasthatA aura zaktimattA kA bar3A mahattva hai| dhyAna karane meM samartha mana ke lie jitane zArIrika bala kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, vaha ukta tIna saMhananoM se yukta zarIroM meM hI saMbhava hai| mAnasika bala kA eka pramukha AdhAra zarIra hai aura zarIrabala, zArIrika saMghaTana para nirbhara karatA hai| isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki sabalaprabala deha kA dhanI svabhAvata: ucca manobala kA bhI dhanI hogaa| para itanA avazya hai ki jisakA daihika svAsthya samRddha hai, vaha asvasthakAya manuSya kI apekSA zIghra tathA adhika saphala ho sakatA hai| asvastha evaM hIna saMhanana vAle vyakti meM mana kI sthiratA isalie kama ho jAtI hai ki vaha deha kI kamiyoM-alpazaktimattA Adi ke kAraNa jabataba asthira yA vicalita hotA rahatA hai| yahA~ ekAgraciMtana ke sAtha uttama saMhanana kI jo carcA hai, usakA Azaya dhyAna ke anavarata sAdhane se hai| dhyAna kI cirasthiratA, avicalatA aura abhagnatA kI dRSTi se hI AcArya ne aisA kahA hai, anyathA yatkiJcit ekAgraciMtana to hara kisI ko sadhatA hI hai| pAribhASika rUpa meM jise uttama saMhanana kahA gayA hai, vaha Aja kisI ko prApta nahIM hai| vaisI sthiti meM Aja dhyAna kA adhikArI koI ho hI nahIM sakatA kintu yadi aisA hotA to phira AcArya haribhadra, hemacandra, zubhacandra Adi mahAmanISI, jinhoMne dhyAna para kAphI likhA hai, aisA kyoM karate ? sAmAnyata: ekAgraciMtana mUlaka sAdhanA yA dhyAna kA adhikArI apanI zakti, manobala, saMkalpaniSThA ke anusAra pratyeka yogAbhilASI, yogAnurAgI puruSa hai| ataeva prazasta daihika saMhanana meM hI dhyAna sadhane se unakA abhiprAya aniruddha dhyAna se hai, vaise saMhanana ke abhAva meM dhyAna na sadhane se tAtparya svalpa samayAvadhi yukta dhyAna-sAdhanA se hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne tattvArthasUtra para apane dvArA racita sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka TIkA meM dhyAna ke saMbaMdha meM vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki ekAgra pada meM Aye hue agra zabda kA artha mukha hai| jisakA eka agra hotA hai vaha ekAgra hai arthAt kisI eka ko sammukha rakhakara avasthita hotA hai vaha ekAgra hai| vibhinna padArthoM kA avalambana lene se cintana meM parispandana hotA rahatA hai| vaha anekamukhI hotA hai| use anya samagra mukhoM se lauTA kara eka agra athavA eka viSaya meM niyamita susthira karanA, TikAnA

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha ekAgracintAnirodha kahA jAtA hai| yaha dhyAna kA svarUpa hai| muhUrta zabda kAla kA vivakSita parimANa hai| jo muhUrta ke bhItara hotA hai use antarmuhUrta kahate haiN| antarmuhUrta pada dvArA kAla kI avadhi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| itane kAla ke anantara ekAgra cintA durdhara hotI hai| TIkAkAra ne yahA~ eka zaMkA uThAte hue kahA hai ki yadi cintA ke nirodha kA nAma dhyAna hai, to nirodha to abhAva rUpa hotA hai isalie dhyAna khara-viSANa kI taraha asat ThaharatA hai| ___isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahA gayA hai ki dhyAna ke viSaya meM jo ukta rUpa meM nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai usameM koI doSa nahIM hai kyoMki anya cintAoM kI nivRtti kI apekSA vaha asat kahA gayA hai aura apane viSaya rUpa se pravRtta hone ke kAraNa vaha sat kahA jAtA hai| itanA kahane ke pazcAt TIkAkAra ne naiyAyika dRSTi se abhAva tattva kA nirUpaNa karate hue samAdhAna diyA hai ki nirodha zabda ke prayoga meM zaMkA ko koI sthAna nahIM hai| bhaTTa akalaMka deva ne apane dvArA racita tattvArthavArttika (tattvArtharAjavArttika) nAmaka TIkA meM dhyAna viSayaka sUtra kA vizleSaNa karate hue 'agra' zabda ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki yaha gatyarthaka aMga dhAtu se banA hai| isa aMga dhAtu kA karmaNi tathA adhikaraNa meM athavA UNAdi prakaraNa meM 'raMga' nipAta hotA hai| vyAkaraNa meM 'bajendrAgra' isa sUtra se aMga kA agra Adeza hotA hai| ata: aMga, mukhya yA lakSya ekArthavAcI haiN| anta:karaNa ke vyApAra ko cintA kahA jAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM padArthoM meM anta:karaNa kI vRtti ko cintA kahA jA sakatA hai| ____ aniyatakriyA artha kA niyatakriyA akartRtva meM avasthAna honA nirodha hai| gamana, bhojana, zayana tathA adhyayana Adi vividha kriyAoM meM aniyata rUpa se bhaTakane vAlI cittavRtti ko eka kriyA meM avaruddha kara denA, roka denA nirodha hai| jisakA agra, mukha yA lakSya eka hotA hai vaha ekAgra hai| usa eka agra meM cintA kA nirodha 3. tattvArtha sUtra 9.28 sarvArthasiddhi TIkA pR. 350 wwwwwwwwwwwwwww 6 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha ekAgracintAnirodha hai / ekAgratA meM cintA kA nirodha kaise hotA hai ? yaha zaMkA uThA kara vArttikakAra ne usakA samAdhAna dete hue kahA hai ki dIpaka kI zikhA ke sadRza vIrya vizeSa ke sAmarthya se cittavRtti kA eka sthAna meM nirodha ho jAtA hai| jaise bAdhArahita, vAyurahita pradeza meM prajvalita dIpazikhA caMcala nahIM hotI, sthira banI rahatI hai, usI prakAra nirAkula citta eka lakSya meM vikSepa ke binA sthira rahatA hai, anyatra nahIM bhaTakatA / jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama agra zabda artha kA paryAyavAcI hai / 'aGgyate agram' aMga dhAtu gamana artha meM bhI hai| tadanusAra jo guNa aura paryAyoM ko prApta hotA hai vaha agra - artha hai / 'eka agraM' eka dravya paramANu yA bhAva paramANu yA anya kisI viSaya (artha) meM cittavRtti ko niyamita karanA, kendrita karanA, sthira karanA, ekAgracintAnirodha hai / 'dhyAna' zabda kA vizleSaNa karate hue bhaTTa akalaMka deva ne Age likhA hai ki dhyAna zabda vivakSA ke vaza kartR, karaNa tathA bhAva sAdhana hai| dhyeya ke prati avyApRta udAsIna bhAva mAtra kI vivakSA hone para ' dhyAtirdhyAnam' ke anusAra vaha bhAvasAdhana ho jAtA hai| 'dhyAyatIti dhyAnam' ke anusAra kartRsAdhana bhI apekSAvizeSa se hotA hai| jaise chedane vAle puruSakarttA ke dharma kA 'talavAra acchI taraha chedatI hai,' isa prakAra talavAra karaNa kartA ke dharma kA adhyAropa kiyA jAtA hai| usI prakAra dhyAna karane vAle AtmA kA dhyAna pariNAma jJAnAvaraNIya tathA vIryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama ke adhIna hai ataeva usI dhyAna pariNAma ko kartA kaha diyA jAtA hai, arthAt paryAya aura paryAyI ( AtmA ) meM bhedavivakSA na karane se dhyAna kartRsAdhana ho jAtA hai| jaba paryAya (dhyAna) aura paryAyI / (AtmA) meM bhedavivakSA se varNana kiyA jAtA hai to dhyAna zabda karaNa sAdhana ho jAtA hai / jaise dAha, pAka, svedana Adi kriyA meM pravRtta agni kI auSNya paryAya meM hI karaNa kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai usI prakAra AtmA kI hI paryAya karaNa kahalAtI hai| agni uSNatA ke dvArA jalAtI hai vaise hI AtmA ke dvArA dhyAyA jAtA hai vaha dhyAna hai / yaha karaNa sAdhana hai| AtmA dhyAtI hai vaha dhyAna hai, yaha kartR sAdhana hai / 'dhyAti' mAtra dhyAna hai, yaha bhAvasAdhana hai / 4 tattvArtha sUtra kI TIkAoM meM 'zlokavArttika' meM tapasyA ke bhedoM ke nirUpaNa 4. tattvArthavArttika (rAjavArttika) 9 / 28 pR. 647-649 7

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha ke prasaMga meM dhyAna kA vistAra se nirdeza huA hai| tattvArthazlokavArtika kA vaiziSTya yaha hai ki vaha dhyAna ke bhedoM ke sAtha dhyAna ke lakSaNa aura svAmitva ke saMdarbha meM vizeSa rUpa se carcA karatA hai| isa carcA meM zlokavArttikakAra AcArya vidyAnanda ne na kevala jainadharmasammata pratipAdana hI kiyA hai apitu dhyAna ke kAla vivecana ke antargata bauddhoM ko pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM rakhakara yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki jo pahale samaya meM utpanna huA hai vahI jaba tIsare samaya meM naSTa ho jAtA hai to dhyAna meM sthAyitva kaise hogA? bauddha darzana meM dhyAna ke kSaNasthAyI hone se vastutaH dhyAna kI avasthA hI saMbhava nahIM hogii| isalie AcArya vidyAnanda kahate haiM ki dhyAna kA kAla antarmuhUrta mAne binA dhyAna kI siddhi hI saMbhava nhiiN| ___isa prakAra AcArya vidyAnanda ne dhyAna kI kAlAvadhi kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue bauddhoM ke kSaNikavAda kA khaNDana kiyA hai| dhyAna ke cintAnirodha lakSaNa ko spaSTa karate hue vidyAnanda ne vaizeSika mata kI bhI samIkSA kI hai| jaina dArzanikoM kA yahA~ uttara hai ki vastuta: yahA~ ekAgracintAnirodha kA tAtparya kisI eka viSaya para citta ko kendrita karanA hai| ata: dhyAna abhAva rUpa nahIM hai| isa prakAra tattvArthazlokavArtika meM dhyAna ke vividha AyAmoM kI carcA karate hue una para anya dArzanikoM kI pratikriyA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara unake samAdhAna kA bhI prayatna kiyA gayA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM suprasiddha jaina manISI paM. sukhalAla saMghavI kA aisA abhimata hai sAmAnyata: kSaNa meM, eka kSaNa meM, dUsare kSaNa meM, tIsare aise aneka viSayoM kA avalaMbana karake pravRtta jJAnadhArA bhinna-bhinna dizAoM meM bahatI huI havA meM sthita dIpazikhA kI bhA~ti asthira hotI hai| aisI jJAnadhArA cintA ko vizeSa prayatnapUrvaka zeSa viSayoM se haTAkara kisI eka hI iSTa viSaya meM sthira rakhanA arthAt jJAna-dhArA ko aneka viSayagAminI na banane dekara eka viSayagAminI banA denA hI dhyAna hai| dhyAna kA yaha svarUpa asarvajJa (chadmastha) meM hI saMbhava hai| isalie aisA dhyAna bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| sarvajJatva prApta hone ke bAda arthAt terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAnoM meM bhI dhyAna svIkAra to avazya kiyA gayA hai, para usakA svarUpa bhinna hai| terahaveM guNasthAna ke anta 5. tattvArtha zlokavArtika pR. 257-280 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 8 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama meM jaba mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika yogavyApAra ke nirodha kA krama prAraMbha hotA hai, taba sthUla kAyika vyApAra ke nirodha ke bAda sUkSma kAyika vyApAra ke astitva ke samaya meM sUkSmakriyApratipAtI nAmaka tIsarA zukladhyAna mAnA gayA hai aura caudahaveM guNasthAna kI ayogipana kI dazA meM zailezIkaraNa ke samaya meM samucchinna kriyAnivRtti nAmaka cauthA zukla dhyAna mAnA gayA hai| ye donoM dhyAna ukta dazAoM meM cittavyApAra na hone se chadmastha kI bhA~ti ekAgracintA-nirodha rUpa to haiM hI nahIM, ata: ukta dazAoM meM dhyAna ko ghaTAne ke lie sUtragata prasiddha artha ke uparAnta 'dhyAna' zabda ke arthavizeSa kA vizada varNana kiyA gayA hai ki kevala kAyika sthUla viSayoM ke nirodha kA prayatna bhI dhyAna hai aura AtmapradezoM kI niSprakampatA bhI dhyAna hai| phira bhI dhyAna ke viSaya meM eka prazna rahatA hai ki terahaveM guNasthAna ke prAraMbha se yoganirodha kA krama zurU hotA hai, taba taka kI avasthA meM arthAt sarvajJa ho jAne ke bAda kI sthiti meM kyA koI dhyAna hotA hai ? yadi hotA hai to kauna sA ? isakA uttara do prakAra se milatA hai| viharamANa sarvajJa kI dazA meM dhyAnAntarikA kahakara usameM adhyAnitva hI mAnakara koI dhyAna svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| sarvajJa dazA meM mana, vacana aura kAyA ke vyApAra saMbaMdhI sudRr3ha prayatna ko hI dhyAna ke rUpa meM mAna liyA hai| kAla kA parimANa : dhyAna adhika se adhika antarmuhUrta taka hI TikatA hai, bAda meM TikAnA kaThina hai ata: usakA kAla parimANa antarmuhUrta hai| kaI loga zvAsa-ucchvAsa roka rakhane ko hI dhyAna mAnate haiM tathA anya kucha loga mAtrA se kAla kI gaNanA karane ko hI dhyAna mAnate haiN| parantu jaina paramparA meM yaha kathana svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki yadi sampUrNatayA zvAsocchvAsa kriyA roka lI jAya to zarIra hI nahIM ttikegaa| manda yA mandatara zvAsa kA saMcAra to dhyAnAvasthA meM rahatA hI hai| isI prakAra jaba koI mAtrA se kAla ko ginatA hai to ginane ke kAma meM hI aneka kriyAe~ karane meM laga jAne se usake mana ko ekAgra ke sthAna para vyagra hI honA pdd'egaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki dina, mahIne aura usase adhika samaya taka dhyAna ke Tikane kI lokamAnyatA bhI jaina paramparA ko grAhya nahIM hai, kyoMki itane samaya taka 6. tattvArtha sUtra 9.28 paM. sukhalAla saMghavI TIkA INDIAN

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha eka hI dhyAna rahane se indriyoM kA upaghAta hI ho jaayegaa| ata: dhyAna ko antarmuhUrta se adhika kAla taka bar3hAnA kaThina hai| 'eka divasa, eka ahorAtra athavA usase adhika samaya taka dhyAna kiyA' - isa kathana kA abhiprAya itanA hI hai ki utane samaya taka dhyAna kA pravAha calatA rhaa| kisI eka Alambana kA eka bAra dhyAna karake puna: usI Alambana kA kucha rUpAntara se yA dUsare hI Alambana kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai aura puna: isI prakAra Age bhI dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai to dhyAnapravAha bar3ha jAtA hai kintu ekAgracintAnirodha rUpa dhyAna nahIM, kyoMki cittanirodha rUpa dhyAna yadi itanA lambA sadha jAye to phira mukti hone meM vilamba hI nahIM hogaa| yaha antarmuhUrta kA kAla - parimANa chadmastha ke dhyAna kA hai| jisa Alambana para dhyAna calatA hai vaha Alambana sampUrNa dravya rUpa na hokara usakA ekadeza (eka paryAya) hotA hai, kyoMki dravya kA cintana usakI kisI-na-kisI paryAya dvArA hI sambhava hai|' 'bhagavatI sUtra' meM gautama svAmI prazna karate haiM ki avasthita pariNAma (dhyAna ke pariNAma) kitane samaya taka rahate haiM ? bhagavAn kahate haiM - gautama! kama-se-kama eka samaya taka aura adhika-se-adhika antarmuhUrta tk| 'sthAnAMga sUtra meM bhI batAyA hai ki eka vastu (dhyeya) para citta kA avasthAna antarmuharta mAtra taka rahatA hai| chadmastha aura jina (kevalI bhagavAn) ke yoganirodha (mana, vacana, kAya kI kriyA ko rokanA evaM use eka dhyeya para avasthita karanA) hI dhyAna hai| sahanana kA AdhAra : yaha sujJAta hai ki dhyAna ke lie viziSTa Asana, samaya tathA manovRtti kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| Asana kI sthira-sukhamaya paribhASA ke bAvajUda sAmAnya Asana 7. vahI, 9.27.28 paM. sukhalAla saMghavI TIkA 8. (ka) bhagavatI sUtra za. 25.6.150.20 (kha) yogapradIpa 15.33 (ga) dhyAnazataka 3. 9. sthAnAMgavRtti sthAna 4.1.247 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha meM dhyAna saMbhava nahIM hai / isake lie kucha viziSTa Asana Avazyaka haiN| ina AsanoM ko viziSTa samaya taka gRhIta kiye rahane kA abhyAsa caahie| yaha abhyAsa kevala ve hI kara sakate haiM jinake samucita vIryAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama hai| ina AsanoM ke liye zarIra svastha aura sabala honA caahie| isalie zAstroM meM usI ko dhyAna ICT adhikArI batAyA gayA hai jinake zarIra kA asthibandha, snAyubandha evaM nAr3IbandhamUlaka saMhanana uttama koTi kA ho / carama AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dazA kevala asAmAnya balazAlI zarIra se hI prApta hotI hai| jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama -- sAmAnya manuSya ke saMhanana pA~cavIM evaM chaThI zreNI ke hote haiN| Asana evaM prANAyAma ke abhyAsa se inameM parivartana saMbhava hotA hai kyoMki inase zarIra kI antaraMga UrjA bar3ha jAtI hai| isase cauthI va tIsarI saMhanana zreNI meM pahu~cakara dhyAna ke adhikArI ho sakate haiN| saMhanana kI uttamatA ke mAnadaNDa se yaha spaSTa hai ki digambara paramparA dhyAna kI prakriyA ko adhika kaThora mAnatI hai, jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA dhyAna kI prakriyA ko adhika vyApaka aura prabhAvazAlI banAne kI ora agrasara rahI hai / guNasthAnoM kA AdhAra : saMhanana kI vizeSatA ke atirikta Atmika vikAsa ke caraNoM ( guNasthAnoM) ke AdhAra para bhI zAstroM meM dhyAtA ko abhilakSita kiyA gayA hai| kumAra kavi ne AraMbhaka, dhyAnaniSTha evaM niSpanna yogI ke rUpa meM dhyAtAoM kI tIna koTiyA~ batAyI haiM / tattvArthasUtrakAra kI mAnyatA se dharmyadhyAna caturtha guNasthAna se lekara saptama guNasthAna taka hotA hai aura zukladhyAna aSTama guNasthAna se prArambha hokara caturdaza guNasthAna taka calatA hai| zukladhyAna kA pahalA bheda - pRthaktvavitarka vicAra AThaveM se gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka aura dUsarA bheda ekatvavitarka avicAra bArahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai / tIsarA bheda sUkSmakriyApratipAtI terahaveM guNasthAna ke anta meM hotA hai aura cauthA bheda-vyuparata kriyAnivartI caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai| prathama bheda ke dvArA mohanIya karma kA upazama athavA kSaya hotA hai| dUsare bheda ke dvArA pramukha rUpa se tIna ghAtiyA karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| tIsare bheda ke dvArA sattAsthita karmoM kI sAtizaya nirjarA hotI hai aura cauthe bheda ke dvArA samasta karmoM kA kSaya hokara mokSa prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna ke adhikArI aise sabhI sAmAnya evaM sAdhu vyakti ho sakate 11

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha haiM jinakA zarIra puSTa evaM balavAn ho evaM jo sAttvika vRttiyoM kI ora unmukha hoM / zarIra kI balazAlitA evaM manovRttiyoM kI koTi dhyAna kI koTi evaM yogyatA ke mApadaNDa haiN| p dhyAna ke bheda aura unakA phala : tattvArthasUtra meM AcAryaumAsvAti ne dhyAna ke cAra bheda svIkAra kiye haiM / 10 1. ArttadhyAna 2. raudradhyAna 3. dharmadhyAna aura 4. zukladhyAna / ardana arti zabda kA artha cintA, pIr3A, zoka, duHkha, kaSTa Adi hai / inake saMbaMdha se jo dhyAna hotA hai, vaha ArttadhyAna hai / 1. ArttadhyAna : rulAne vAle ko rudra - krUra kahate haiM, rudra kA karma yA kaSAyoM se atiraMjita jIva ke krUra bhAva raudra haiM aura inase saMbaMdhita tathA inameM harSita hone vAlI citta kI vRtti raudradhyAna hai / 2. raudradhyAna : 3. dharmadhyAna : 4. zukladhyAna : jisake dvArA kaSAyoM kA, karmoM kA kSaya ho, saMsAra kA nAza ho, caturgati meM paribhramaNa samApta ho aisI AtmapariNati zukladhyAna hai arthAt jaise maila haTa jAne vastra zuci hokara zukla kahalAtA hai usI taraha nirmala guNa rUpa AtmapariNati bhI zukla kahI jAtI hai| dharma yukta dhyAna arthAt citta ( mana ) kI jisa vRtti meM zuddha dharma kI bhAvanA kA viccheda na pAyA jAya, vaha dharmadhyAna hai / prazasta aura aprazasta dhyAna : prathama do dhyAna apuNyAsrava ke kAraNa aprazasta dhyAna haiM, heya haiM, tyAjya haiM aura zeSa do dhyAna karmanirdahana meM samartha hone se sudhyAna haiM, prazasta haiM aura upAdeya ( grAhya) haiN| 1 11 10. tattvArtha sUtra 9.29 11. vahI, 9.30 12

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama __ Arta aura raudra azubha baMdha ke hetu haiN| isalie ve anupAdeya evaM azreyaskara haiN| para dhyAna kI koTi meM to Ate hI hai, kyoMki mana kI ekAgratA cAhe kisI bhI kAraNa se ho, vahA~ hai| Arta aura raudra dhyAna jaba anupAdeya evaM azreyaskara haiM to unake saMbaMdha meM vizeSa jAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? yaha prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hai, kintu yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se samajhane kI bAta yaha hai ki sAdhAraNata: manuSya durbala hai| azubha yA vikAra kI ora usakA mana jaldI se calA jAtA hai, sat yA zubha kI dizA meM Age bar3hane meM, tanmUlaka ciMtana meM dharmadhyAna meM pravRtta hone hetu bar3A adhyavasAya aura prayatna puruSArtha karanA par3atA hai| azubhamUlaka Arta-raudradhyAna se vaha bace isalie yaha Avazyaka hai ki vaha jAne to sahI ki ve kyA haiM? siddhAntata: jagat meM sabhI padArtha, sabhI bAteM jJeya-jJAtavya yA jAnane yogya haiN| jJAta padArthoM yA viSayoM meM jo heya haiM unakA parityAga kiyA jAe tathA jo upAdeya haiM, unheM grahaNa kiyA jaae| yahI kAraNa hai ki zAstroM meM Arta aura raudradhyAna kA yathAprasaMga varNana upalabdha hai| ataeva prazasta se pUrva aprazasta ko jAnanA jarUrI hai| aprazasta kI upasthiti meM prazasta kA honA asaMbhava hai| aprazasta mana kI azubha meM ekAgratA hai| mana jabataba azubha meM ekAgra rahegA, taba taka zubha meM A hI nahIM skegaa| prazasta dhyAna prakAza hai, aprazasta dhyAna aMdhakAra hai| ArtadhyAna : AcArya umAsvAti ne ArtadhyAna ke utpanna hone ke cAra kAraNa batAye haiN|12 tadanusAra-apriya (vyakti, vastu Adi) ke saMyoga hone para unake viyoga ke lie satata cintA karanA pahalA ArtadhyAna hai|13| du:kha yA kaSTa Ane para usake dUra hone kI nirantara ciMtA karanA dUsarA ArtadhyAna hai|14 12. bhagavatI sUtra za. 25.6.238 13. tattvArtha sUtra 9.31 14. vahI, 9.32 -~ 13

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha priya vastu kA viyoga ho jAne para usakI prApti ke lie satata cintA karanA tRtIya ArtadhyAna hai|15 aprApta vastu kI prApti ke lie saMkalparata rahanA, tadanurUpa ciMtana karanA cauthA ArtadhyAna hai|16 Artta zabda se tAtparya hai pIr3A, kaSTa jisake cintana se duHkha utpanna hotA hai| jaba vyakti bahata pIr3A yA kaSTa meM hotA hai to usakA cintana bhI usI ke AsapAsa kendrita ho jAtA hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne jaisA pratipAdita kiyA hai usake anusAra aniSTa kA saMyoga ho, iSTa kA viyoga ho, zarIra yA mana meM rogAdi pIr3A ho, bhogAkAMkSA meM jaba citta nirantara asthira aura azAnta rahatA ho taba mana kI, mAnasika cintana kI aisI sthiti banatI hai| ye cAroM dhyAna ajJAnamUlaka, tIvra puruSArthajanya, pApaprayogAdhiSThAna, nAnA saMkalpoM se Akula, viSaya-tRSNA se parivyApta, dharmAzrayaparityAgI, kaSAya sthAnoM se yukta, azAntivardhaka, akuzala karma ke kAraNa, kaTuka phala vAle, asAtA ke bandhaka aura tiryaMca gati meM le jAne vAle haiN| ye cAroM ArttadhyAna kRSNa, nIla aura kApotalezyA vAloM ke hote haiN| yaha dhyAna prathama chaha guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM ke hotA hai|17 pramattasaMyata guNasthAna meM pramAda ke tIvra udreka se nidAna ko chor3akara zeSa tIna ArtadhyAna kabhIkabhI ho sakate haiN| raudra dhyAna : 1. hiMsA, 2. asatya, 3. corI aura 4. viSayarakSaNa ke lie satata cintA karanA raudradhyAna hai, jo avirati guNasthAna aura dezavirataguNasthAna meM saMbhava hai|18 jaba koI vyakti kisI prakAra kI hiMsA karane ko tatpara hotA hai to usakA mana atyaMta krUra aura kaThora bana jAtA hai aura vaha eka mAtra usI hiMsAmUlaka dhyAna 15. vahI, 9.33 16. vahI, 9.34 17. vahI, 9.35 18. vahI, 9.36

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww meM lagA rahatA hai| tattvArthavArttika meM batAyA hai ki hiMsAdi ke Aveza aura parigraha Adi ke kAraNa dezavirata ko bhI raudradhyAna hotA hai| para yaha narakAdi gatiyoM kA kAraNa nahIM hotA, kyoMki yaha samyagdarzana ke sAtha hai| saMyata ke raudradhyAna nahIM hotA, kyoMki raudra bhAvoM meM saMyama raha hI nahIM sktaa| hiMsAnandI, anRtAnandI, steyAnandI aura parigrahAnandI ye cAroM raudra dhyAna atikRSNa nIla aura kApota lezyA vAloM ke hote haiN| ye pramAdAdhiSThAna haiM aura naraka gati ko le jAne vAle haiN| AtmA ina azubha dhyAnoM se saMkliSTa hokara, tapta lauhapiNDa jaise jala ko khIMcatA hai, usI taraha karmoM ko khIMcatA hai|19 samavAyAMga sUtra, bhagavatI sUtra, sthAnAMga sUtra aura aupapAtika sUtra meM bhI raudradhyAna ke cAra prakAra batAye haiM jo sAdhu ke lie sadaiva tyAjya haiN| raudradhyAna ArttadhyAna se bhI nikRSTa dhyAna hai| isake kArya hiMsA, asatya, corI aura viSayarakSaNa nitAnta azubha hone se karane vAle kI bhAvAtmakavRtti bhISaNa aura krUra ho jAtI hai| viSaya-bhoga yA bhogya padArthoM ke saMrakSaNa ke lie bhI vyakti kaThora, krUra tathA unmatta bana jAtA hai| usakA ciMtana atyaMta raudra bhAvApanna hotA hai athavA durdharSa krodhAveza liye rahatA hai| dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna prazasta dhyAna haiM aura AtmalakSyI haiN| zukladhyAna viziSTa jJAnI sAdhakoM ko sadhatA hai| vaha anta:sthairya yA AtmasthiratA kI kramaza: parAkASThA kI dazA hai| dharmadhyAna usase pahale kI sthiti hai| vaha zubhamUlaka hai| kuMdakuMda Adi mahAn AcAryoM ne azubha, zubha, zuddha ina tIna zabdoM kA vizeSa rUpa se vyavahAra kiyA hai| azubha pApamUlaka, zubha puNyamUlaka tathA zuddha pApa-puNya se atIta, nirAvaraNa zuddha AtmadazAmUlaka hai| Arta-raudra dhyAna azubhAtmaka, dharmadhyAna zubhAtmaka aura zukladhyAna zuddhAtmaka hai| dharmadhyAna: 'tattvArthasUtra' meM dharmadhyAna ke AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya, ye cAra bheda kiye haiN|20 yaha dharmadhyAna apramattasaMyata ke hotA hai| upazAntakaSAya aura kSINakaSAya guNasthAna vAle jIvoM ke bhI saMbhava hai| 19. tattvArtha vArttika 9.35 pR. 792 20. tattvArtha sUtra 9.36 Mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha PoranishavtaB E STLS AjJAvicaya: vicaya kA artha vicAraNA, gahana vicAraNA, satata vicAraNA hai yA cintana bhI hai| AjJAvicaya dhyAna meM sarvajJa-vANI dhyAna ke kendra rUpa meM lI jAtI hai| kisI sUkSma viSaya meM apanI matimandatA tathA yogya upadezadAtA ke abhAva meM spaSTa nirNaya kI sthiti na bana sake, usa samaya vItarAga bhagavAna kI AjJA ko pramANa mAna kara citta ko unakI vANI yA AjJA para TikAte hue, ekAgra karate hue dravya, guNa aura paryAya Adi kI dRSTi se tanmayatA aura sthiratApUrvaka dhyAna karanA AjJAvicaya dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai| apAyavicaya: upAya kA viloma apAya hai| upAya prApti yA lAbha kA sUcaka hai| apAya hAni, vikAra yA durgati kA ghAtaka hai| rAga-dveSa aura moha tathA unase utpanna hone vAle duHkhoM se yA durgati ko sammukha rakhakara jahA~ ciMtana ko ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai vaha apAyavicaya dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai arthAt heya kyA hai ? isakA cintana krnaa| vipAkavicaya: anubhava meM Ane vAle karmaphala rUpa vipAkoM meM se kauna-kauna sA vipAka kisa-kisa karma se saMbaMdhita hai tathA amuka karma kA amuka vipAka saMbhava hai, isake vicArArtha manoyoga lagAnA vipAkavicaya dharmadhyAna hai| isa dhyAna dvArA sAdhaka meM karmoM se pRthak hone, unheM nirjIrNa karane tathA AtmabhAva se saMyukta hone kI saMsphUrti kA udbhava hotA hai| apAyavicaya aura vipAkavicaya donoM kI dizAe~ lagabhaga eka jaisI haiN| antara kevala itanA sA hai ki apAyavicaya ke ciMtana kA kSetra vyApaka hai aura vipAkavicaya kA usakI apekSA sImita hai - karmaphala taka avasthita hai| isa dhyAna dvArA sAdhaka ko karmavimukti kI yAtrA para agrasara hone kI preraNA milatI hai| saMsthAnavicaya : lokasvarUpa kA vicAra karane meM manoyoga lagAnA saMsthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna hai| RECENE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 16 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yaha loka utpAda-vyaya - dhrauvyAtmaka hai| loka ke saMsthAna, avasthiti yA AkRti / AkAra, usakI racanA Adi viSaya kA jisa dhyAna meM ciMtana kiyA jAtA hai use saMsthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna kahA jAtA hai| saMsthAnavicaya dhyAna kA phala hai - isa loka meM nAnA prakAra ke dravya haiN| unameM anaMta paryAya parivartita - navAbhinava rUpa meM pariNata hote jAte haiM, purAne miTate jAte haiM, naye utpanna hote jAte haiM / una para manana, ekAgra ciMtana karane se mana jo nirantara unase jur3A rahatA hai, rAga-dveSa Adi se Akula nahIM hotA / isa ora se anAsakta banatA jAtA hai| jAgatika paryAyoM kA, jo anitya haiM, dhyAna karane se jagat ke anityatva kA bhAna hotA hai, yogonmukha sAdhaka kA, AtmaramaNa kA bhAva jAgRta hotA hai / dharmadhyAna dvArA vairAgyaprApti hotI hai| yaha dhyAna para - padArthoM para anAsakti aura Atma-sukha meM 'anurAga tatparatA ujAgara karatA hai| usase jo Atmasaukhya / AdhyAtmika Ananda prApta hotA hai use kevala svayaM ke dvArA hI anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| adhikArI : S dharmadhyAna ke adhikArI ke viSaya meM tattvArthAdhigama sUtra 9/37 meM kahA hai. ki yaha apramattasaMyata ke hI hotA hai aura bArahaveM guNasthAna taka saMbhAvita hai jabaki rAjavArtikakAra kahate haiM ki apramatta guNasthAna meM hI dharmadhyAna mAnane para asaMyata samyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata aura pramattasaMyata ke dharmadhyAna ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai| asaMyata samyagdRSTi Adi ke samyagdarzana ke prabhAva se dharmadhyAna hotA hai arthAt samyagdarzanapUrvaka dharmadhyAna hotA hai ata: vaha asaMyata samyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata aura pramattasaMyata ke bhI hotA hai / yadi dharmadhyAna apramatta ke hI hotA hai aisI avadhAraNA kI jAtI hai to asaMyatAdi guNasthAnoM meM dharmadhyAna kI nivRtti kA prasaMga AtA hai| avadhAraNA : uttama kSamA Adi dasa dharmoM se ota-prota hone ke kAraNa yaha dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai| yaha dhyAna uttama kSamAdi bhAvanA vAloM ke hI anitya Adi anuprekSAoM meM jaba bAra-bAra cintana dhArA cAlU rahatI hai| taba ve jJAna rUpa haiM kintu jaba una bhAvanAoM meM ekAgracintAnirodha hokara cintanadhArA kendrita ho jAtI hai taba vaha dhyAna 17

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha kahalAtI hai| upazAntakaSAya aura kSINakaSAya meM zukladhyAna mAnA jAtA hai, unameM dharmadhyAna nahIM hotaa| donoM mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki Agama meM zreNiyoM meM zukladhyAna hI batAyA hai dharmadhyAna nhiiN| zukladhyAna : mana sahaja hI caMcala hai| viSayoM kA AlaMbana pAkara usakI caMcalatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| dhyAna kA kArya usa caMcala aura bhramaNazIla mana ko zeSa viSayoM se haTAkara kisI eka viSaya para sthira kara denA hai| jyoM-jyoM sthiratA bar3hatI hai, mana zAMta aura niSprakampa hotA jAtA hai| zukladhyAna ke aMtima caraNa meM mana kI pravRtti kA pUrNa nirodha hokara pUrNa saMvara ho jAtA hai arthAt samAdhi avasthA prApta ho jAtI hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne tattvArthasUtra meM zukladhyAna ke cAra bheda batAye haiM,21 jo isake cAra pAye kahalAte haiM : (1) pRthaktvavitarkasavicAra (2) ekatvavitarka nirvicAra (3) sUkSmakriyApratipAtI (4) vyuparata kriyA nivRtti| pRthaktvavitarka vicAra : ___pUrvagata zruta kA avalambana lekara tathA kisI eka dravya ko dhyAna kA viSaya banAkara usameM utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyarUpa bhaMgoM ko tathA mUrttatva-amUrttatva paryAyoM para aneka nayoM kI apekSA bhedapradhAna cintana karatA huA eka paryAya se dUsarI paryAya para, eka artha se dUsare artha para, manoyoga se vacanayoga para, vacanayoga se manoyoga athavA kAyayoga para, isa prakAra cittavRtti kA parivartana palaTanA, badalanA Adi rUpa dhyAna prathama zukladhyAna hai| eka paryAya se dUsarI paryAya para cittavRtti kA gamana arthasaMkrAnti hai| zruta ke kisI bhI eka zabda se dUsare zabda para cittavRtti kA parivartana vyaMjana-saMkrAMti hai| manavacana-kAya ke yogoM para paraspara eka dUsare- tIsare para citta kI vRtti kA gamana athavA 21. vahI, 9.41 ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ 18 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha parivartana yoga saMkrAnti hai / isa prakAra saMkramaNa hote rahane para bhI dhyeya dravya eka hI rahatA hai| ata: usa aMza meM mana kI sthiratA banI rahatI hai / isa apekSA se use dhyAna kahane meM Apatti nahIM hai / isa prakAra se mana kI vRtti kA badalate rahanA, vicAra kahalAtA hai / vitarka zruta - jJAna ko kahA jAtA hai| prathama zukladhyAna meM vitarka aura vicAra donoM hote haiM aura inameM cittavRtti parivartita hotI rahatI hai| ekatva vitarka avicAra : zukla dhyAna ke isa dUsare bheda meM vitarka yAnI zruta kA Alambana to hotA hai, kintu vicAra arthAt cittavRtti meM parivartana nahIM hotA / kisI bhI eka paryAya para cittavRtti niSkaMpa dIpazikhA ke samAna sthira ho jAtI hai / ataH mana nizcala aura zAMta bana jAtA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa karmoM ke AvaraNa zIghra hI dUra hokara arihaMta dazA pragaTa hotI hai| eka hI dhyeya para cittavRtti ke sthira rahane ke kAraNa ise ekatvavitarkazukla dhyAna kahA gayA hai| isameM citta kI vRtti abhedapradhAna hotI hai| prathama donoM zukladhyAnoM kA Azraya eka hai arthAt una donoM kA Arambha pUrvajJAnadhArI AtmA dvArA hotA hai / isIlie ye donoM dhyAna vitarka - zrutajJAna sahita haiN| donoM ke vitarka kA sAmya hone para bhI yaha vaiSamya hai ki pahale meM pRthaktva (bheda ) hai, jabaki dUsare meM ekatva (abheda) hai| isI prakAra pahale meM vicAra saMkrama hai| jabaki dUsare meM vicAra nahIM hai| isI kAraNa ina donoM dhyAnoM ke nAma kramazaH pRthaktvavitarka savicAra aura ekatvavitarka nirvicAra hai / kSmakriyApratipAtI : jaba sarvajJa bhagavAna yoganirodha ke krama meM antataH sUkSma zarIra yoga kA Azraya lekara zeSa yogoM ko roka dete haiM taba yaha sUkSmakriyApratipAtI dhyAna kahalAtA hai, kyoMki usameM zvAsa- ucchvAsa ke samAna sUkSma kriyA hI zeSa raha jAtI hai aura usase patana bhI AzaMkita nahIM hai| paratakriyAnivRtti : jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jaba zarIra kI zvAsa - prazvAsa Adi sUkSma kriyAe~ bhI banda ho jAtI haiM 19 NNN JP

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha aura Atmapradeza sarvathA niSprakampa ho jAte haiM taba yaha vyuparatakriyAnivRtti dhyAna kahalAtA hai| kyoMki isameM sthUla yA sUkSma kisI bhI prakAra kI mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika kriyA nahIM hotI hai aura yaha sthiti bAda meM naSTa bhI nahIM hotI / isa caturtha dhyAna ke prabhAva se samasta Asrava - bandha- -nirodhapUrvaka zeSa karmoM ke kSINa ho jAne se mokSa prApta hotA hai| tIsare aura cauthe zukladhyAna meM kisI bhI prakAra ke zrutajJAna kA AlaMbana nahIM hotA, ataH ye donoM anAlaMbana bhI kahalAte haiM / svAmI viSayaka kathana do prakAra se kiyA gayA hai| pahalA guNasthAna kI dRSTi se aura dUsarA yoga kI dRSTi se / guNasthAna kI dRSTi se ke cAra zukladhyAna bhedoM meM se pahale do bhedoM ke svAmI gyArahaveM aura bArahaveM guNasthAna vAle hI hote haiM jo pUrvadhara bhI hoM | 22 ' pUrvadhara' vizeSaNa se sAmAnyataH yaha abhiprAya hai ki jo pUrvadhara na ho para gyAraha Adi aMgoM kA dhAraka ho / usake gyArahaveM, bArahaveM guNasthAna meM zukladhyAna na hokara dharmadhyAna hI hogaa| isa sAmAnya vidhAna kA apavAda yaha hai ki pUrvadhara hote hue bhI mASatuSa, marudevI Adi jaisI AtmAoM meM bhI zukladhyAna sambhava hai / zukladhyAna ke zeSa do bhedoM ke svAmI kevalI arthAt - terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna vAle hI hote haiN| 23 yoga kI dRSTi se tIna yogavAlA hI pahale zukladhyAna kA svAmI hotA hai / mana, vacana aura kAya meM se kisI bhI eka yogavAlA zukladhyAna ke dUsare bheda kA svAmI hotA hai / isa dhyAna ke tIsare bheda kA svAmI kevala kAyayoga vAlA aura cauthe bheda kA svAmI eka mAtra ayogI hotA hai| 24 'tattvArthasUtra' meM nirjarA tattva ke antargata 27 se 46 veM sUtra taka 20 sUtroM dhyAna kA varNana huA hai / usameM dhyAna kI ArAdhanA, usake bheda, phira unake avAntara bhedoM ke saMkSipta meM lakSaNa, dhyAna ke adhikArI, kAlamAna ityAdi kA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA hai| ise dhyAnayoga ke uttaravarttI vikAsa kI pRSThabhUmi kahA jA sakatA hai| isa ko lekara vibhinna AcAryoM ne apane - apane granthoM meM dhyAna kA bahumukhI vivecana kiyA 22. vahI, 9.39 23. vahI, 9.40 24. vahI, 9.42 20

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai| dhyAna para svataMtra rUpa meM granthoM kI jo racanAyeM huIM, ve bhI 'tattvArtha sUtra' meM diye gaye vizleSaNa se anuprANita haiN| atisaMkSepa meM dhyAnaviSayaka jJAtavya tathyoM kA ina 20 sUtroM meM jo vizleSaNa huA hai, vaha bahuta hI sAragarbhita hai| . 'tattvArtha sUtra' meM dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM zvetAmbara aura digambara pakSoM meM jo mahattvapUrNa antara dekhA jAtA hai vaha yaha hai ki jahA~ 'tattvArtha sUtra' kA 'saMbhASya tattvArthAdhigama sUtra' pATha cAroM dhyAnoM ke svAmiyoM kI carcA karate hue dharmadhyAna kA svAmI apramattasaMyata ko batAtA hai vahA~ digambara paramparA ko mAnya 'sarvArthasiddhi' gata mUla pATha meM dharmadhyAna ke prakAroM kI carcA hI kI gaI hai, usake svAmI kA ullekha nahIM kiyA gyaa| isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA kahanA hai ki vastuta: donoM paramparAoM ke isa mUla pATha meM antara kA kAraNa yaha hai ki jahA~ digambara paramparA meM SaTkhaNDAgama kA anusaraNa karate hue yaha mAnA hai ki dharmadhyAna kA svAmI cauthe guNasthAna se lekara gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka kA jIva ho sakatA hai ; vahA~ 'tattvArtha kA' bhASyamAna pATha sAtaveM guNasthAna se dharmadhyAna kI sambhAvanA ko batAtA hai| isa prakAra AcAryoM ne unake dvArA mAnya Agama aura 'tattvArtha sUtra' ke mUla pATha meM koI virodha na A jAye isalie mUla pATha se 'apramattasaMyata' zabda ko haTA diyaa| yadyapi zvetAmbara karmasiddhAnta ke granthoM meM bhI dharmadhyAna kI sambhAvanA cauthe guNasthAna se mAnI gayI hai phira bhI zvetAmbara AcAryoM ne usa mUla pATha ko yathAvat rahane diyA aura mAtra isa sambandha meM AcAryoM ke matabheda kA nirdeza hai| AcArya jinabhadra gaNi kRta : dhyAnazataka dhyAna para prAkRtabhASA meM 'dhyAnazataka' nAmaka svatantra kRti upalabdha hai| isameM 105 gAthAoM meM dhyAna kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| isakA racanAkAla lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna para prAkRta meM likhI gaI isa svatantra racanA se yaha vidita hotA hai ki sAdhanA ke kSetra meM dhyAna kA mahattva kramaza: bar3hatA gayA hai| dhyAna Antarika tapoM meM se eka hai tathA unameM bhI sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa hai, yadi yaha kahA jAye to koI atyukti nahIM hogii| prAcIna graMthoM ke graMthakAroM ke itihAsa ke viSaya meM bhAratIya sAhitya meM bahuta nairAzyapUrNa sthiti hai| yaha sUcita kiyA hI jA cukA hai ki bhAratIya lekhaka apane sambandha meM ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 21 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha likhane meM prAya: udAsIna rahe haiN| 'dhyAnazataka' bhI isI koTi meM AtA hai| isake lekhaka ke viSaya meM koI Thosa pramANa upalabdha nahIM haiN| grantha kA nAma bhI kucha vivAda liye hue hai| isa racanA kI pahalI gAthA meM ise 'dhyAnAdhyayana' kahA gayA hai| racanAkAra ne isakA nAma 'jhANajjhayaNaM' arthAt dhyAnAdhyayana likhA hai| 'dhyAnAdhyayana' zabda yaha sUcita karatA hai ki isa racanA meM dhyAna ke viSaya meM vivecana huA hai jisake AdhAra para sAdhaka dhyAna kA abhyAsa kara AtmakalyANa kara ske| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne isa para saMskRta TIkA likhI hai| sambhava hai, isakI gAthAoM kI saMkhyA ko lakSita kara jo sau se kucheka adhika haiM ise 'dhyAnazataka' nAma de diyA gayA ho| bhAratIya sAhitya meM sau-sau padoM kI racanAoM kA eka vizeSa krama vaidika-jaina Adi vividha paramparAoM meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| saMbhava hai, usI koTi meM isa graMtha ko parigaNita karate hue isakA yaha nAmakaraNa ho gayA ho| ___ isake racanAkAra ke sambandha meM bhI aneka mAnyatAe~ haiN| paramparA se jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa isake racayitA mAne jAte haiM kintu suprasiddha vidvAn paM. dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA Adi ne isa para vizeSa UhApoha karate hue isako zrIjinabhadragaNi dvArA racA jAnA saMdigdha mAnA hai| prastuta kRti meM dhyAna ke lakSaNa, kAla evaM svAmI, dhyAna ke bheda, unakA phala ityAdi kA prAraMbha meM nirUpaNa huA hai| graMthakAra ne dhyAnakAla ke samApta hone para chadmastha dhyAnAbhyAsiyoM meM kyA ghaTita hotA hai, isa sambandha meM likhA hai|25 dhyAnapuruSa ke antarmuhUrta ke pazcAt dhyAnAntara hotA hai| usakA ciMtana vahA~ para nahIM raha paataa| Atmagata-paragata bahuta sI vastuoM meM saMkramaNa-saMcAra hone para bhI usa dhyAna kI prakriyA dIrghakAla taka gatizIla raha sakatI hai| yahA~ chadmastha sAdhakoM ke antarmuhUrta ke pazcAt jo dhyAnAntara hone kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, usakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki usake dvArA svIkRta dhyAna se bhinna koI anya dhyAna hone lge| yahA~ dhyAnAntara se Asrava bhAvanA evaM anuprekSAmUlaka cittasthiti lenI caahie| yaha bhI tabhI ghaTita hotA hai jaba antarmuhUrta ke pazcAt bhI dhyAna sakriya ho| yaha krama Age bhI gatizIla raha sakatA hai| Atmagata-paragata vastuoM meM saMkramaNa kA jo ullekha kiyA gayA hai vahA~ Atmagata kA Azraya antarmana Adi tathA paragata kA abhiprAya bahiraMga dravyAdi 25. dhyAnazataka gA. 4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 22 ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai / antarmuhUrta ke pazcAt dhyAna kI nirantaratA avyavahita nahIM rahatI / kintu madhyavartI saMkramaNa ke sAtha dhyAna kA krama dIrghakAla paryanta cala sakatA hai| Age unhoMne pratyeka dhyAna ke prAyaH sabhI pakSoM para vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai | ArttadhyAna ke prasaMga meM lekhaka ne eka bAta kI vizeSa rUpa se carcA kI hai ki muni ke ArttadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA hai yA nahIM ? unhoMne likhA hai ki muni rAga evaM dveSa ke bIca meM sthita rahatA hai / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vaha na kisI vastu ko manojJa va iSTa mAnakara rAga karatA hai aura na kisI vastu ko amanojJa va aniSTa mAnakara dveSa hI karatA hai| isalie usake koI vedanA kA prasaMga banatA hai to vaha vastu-svarUpa ke cintana meM tatpara hotA huA use samatva bhAva ke sAtha sahana karatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki rAga-dveSa se rahita hone ke kAraNa usake kisI vedanA kA viyogaviSayaka arthAt vaha vedanA rahita ho jAya aisA bhAva yA ArttadhyAna nahIM hotA / kintu jisakA anta:karaNa rAga-dveSa se kaluSita hotA hai, usake vaha ArttadhyAna avazya hotA hai| jo muni prazasta jJAna Adi ko bar3hAne vAle Alambana kA Azraya lekara usa vedanA kA alpa sAvadyayukta upacAra karatA hai evaM nidAna se rahita hotA huA tapa, saMyamamaya pratikAra kA sevana karatA hai usake nidAnavarjita dharmadhyAna hI hotA hai, ArttadhyAna nahIM hotA / 26 graMthakAra ne ArttadhyAna se bacane kI dRSTi se saMketa rUpa se jo udgAra vyakta kiye haiM ve dhyAnAbhyAsI munivRMda ke lie bar3e hI upayogI haiN| kyoMki Artta - raudra dhyAna sAdhanA meM vighnakAraka haiN| muni meM bhI yadi priya yA apriya sthitiyoM ke Ane para rA yA dveSa kA bhAva Asakti yA nivRtti kA bhAva A jAtA hai to vaha ArttadhyAna meM calA jAtA hai| ataeva zArIrika, mAnasika, pratikUla vedanA kI sthiti meM bhI muni ko AtmAbhimukha hote hue nirmala mAnasikatA ke sAtha anuvartana karanA cAhie / dharmadhyAna kA vivecana karate hue racanAkAra ne usake bAraha dvAroM kI carcA kI hai jinakA anuzIlana anusaraNa, eka dhyAnayogI ke lie Avazyaka hai| unhoMne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki ( 1 ) dhyAna kI bhAvanAyeM (2) dhyAna ke lie samucita deza yA sthAna (3) samucita samaya (4) dhyAnAnurUpa samIcIna Asana ( 5 ) dhyAna ke Alambana (6) dhyAna kA manonirodha Adi ke rUpa meM krama ( 7 ) dhyAna kA viSaya26. vahI, gA. 11-12 23

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha AjJA, apAya, vipAka Adi dhyeya ( 8 ) dhyAtA ( 9 ) dhyAtA kI yogyatA svarUpa anuprekSA dhyAna kA vyavahita honA ( 10 ) anityatva azaraNatva Adi kA anuprekSaNa ( 11 ) dharmadhyAna kI zubhalezyA, dharmadhyAna ke samyak zraddhA Adi liMga | ( 12 ) dhyAna kA phala dharmadhyAna ke bAraha dvAra haiN| dvAra kahane kA abhiprAya hai ki jaise koI vyakti kisI bhavana meM praviSTa honA cAhe to use dvAroM meM se hokara gujaranA par3atA hai, isI prakAra ina bAraha dvAroM ko adhigata kara, svAyatta kara sAdhaka dharmadhyAna ke abhyAsa meM lagatA huA uttarottara pragatizIla bana sakatA hai aura Age se Age vikAsa karatA huA yathAsamaya yathAkrama zukladhyAna taka pahu~ca sakatA hai / 27 Age unhoMne dhyAna ke sAtha bhAvanAoM kA kyA sambandha hai ise spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki dhyAna se pUrva bhAvanAoM kA abhyAsa karane se sAdhaka dhyAna kI yogyatA utpanna karatA hai / yoM kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki bhAvanAoM ke abhyAsa se mAnasikatA meM dhyAna ke anurUpa vimala, sAtvika, pRSThabhUmi taiyAra ho jAtI hai; kyoMki bhAvanAoM kA sambandha vizeSataH jJAna- darzana - cAritra evaM vairAgya ke sAtha jur3A hai / dhyAna ke lie vAMchita yA upayukta sthAna kA nirdeza karate hue kahA hai ki saMyatisAdhaka, dhyAna ke lie aise Asana kA cayana kare jo yuvatI, pazu, napuMsaka tathA duHzcaritra manuSya se rahita ho tathA ekAMta ho / 28 yadyapi dhyAna kA sambandha AtmA se hai, dhyAna svAzrita hai kintu sAdhanA kA mArga bar3A kaMTakAkIrNa hai| sAdhaka meM yatkiMcit mAnavIya durbalatAe~ bhI hotI haiM jo uttejaka sthitiyoM dvArA ubhara uThatI haiM isalie manuSya ke mana meM vicalana paidA karane vAle kAraNoM kA ullekha lekhaka ne kiyA hai, jJAnIjana zAstragata, anubhUtigata donoM hI prakAra se tattvoM kA vivecana karate haiM / ataeva ve avAMchita prasaMgoM yA khataroM ko TAlane ke lie sAdhaka ko sAvadhAna karanA Avazyaka mAnate haiN| jinakA daihika saMhanana aura sAdhanAbhyAsa prAbalya pA cukA ho unake lie isa prakAra kA koI khatarA nahIM hotA / isa tathya para prakAza DAlate hue unhoMne likhA 27. vahI, gA. 28, 29 28. vahI, gA. 35 24

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khaNDa : caturtha hai ki jinhoMne apane yogoM ko sthira kara liyA hai - mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika pravRttiyoM ko jo niyantrita kara cuke haiM, jinake mana se caMcalatA kA apagama ho gayA hai vaise sAdhaka logoM se vyApta paripUrNa grAma meM, zUnya sthAna meM yA vana meM kahIM bhI dhyAna kareM koI antara nahIM AtA / 29 uparyukta donoM gAthAoM meM kathita dhyAnAbhyAsI do prakAra ke haiM, pahale ve haiM jo sAdhanA kI prArambhakAlIna sthiti meM hote haiM / dUsare ve haiM jinakI sAdhanA paripakva ho jAtI hai / sAdhaka ko dhyAna kisa prakAra kI daihika avasthA meM karanA cAhie, nirdeza karate hue likhA hai - jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama " kisI bhI sadhI huI zArIrika avasthA meM, jisameM dhyAna karate samaya pIr3A utpanna na ho, sAdhaka dhyAna kareM, cAhe ve khar3e hokara kAyotsarga avasthA meM athavA baiThakara Asana vizeSa meM dhyAna kreN| 30 isa gAthA meM racanAkAra ne dhyAna ke sAtha AsanoM kA kyA sambandha hai, isa para apane vicAra vyakta kiye haiM / AsanoM kI itanI upayogitA hai ki ve dhyAna meM sahAyaka bneN| anyathA ve yoga ke bahiraMga meM Ate haiN| asuvidhA na ho to vaha jaisA jaba anukUla samajhe vaise Asana Adi kA yatheccha upayoga kara sakatA hai| isase yaha bhI prakaTa hotA hai ki jina AsanoM meM sthita hone se aMgoM meM khiMcAva ho, asuvidhA ho ve Asana dhyAna aprayojya haiN| hogA / 3 lekhaka ne Age nirUpita kiyA hai ki dhyAna karate hue sAdhaka kA yadi dhyAna uparata ho jAya, calA jAya to use anityatva Adi bhAvanAoM meM uparata honA cAhie / usase citta sadbhAvAnvita hogA tathA dhyAna kI bhUmikA meM punaH avasthita hone meM saphala 1 29. vahI, gA. 36 30. vahI, gA. 39 31. vahI, gA. 65 isakA dharmadhyAna ke pazcAt racanAkAra ne zukladhyAna kA, usake bhedoM kA bar3e hI nape-tule zabdoM meM vivecana kiyA hai| 25

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha ___ cAroM hI dhyAnoM ke vivecana ke pazcAta lekhaka ne dhyAna kA phala batAyA hai| unhoMne kahA hai ki jisa prakAra dhyAna se nizcita rUpa se mAnasika, kAyika yogoM kA tapana, zoSaNa aura bhedana hotA hai, usI prakAra dhyAna yogI ke karmoM kA bhI tapana, zoSaNa aura bhedana hotA hai|32 yahA~ racanAkAra ne dhyAna kI ujjvala utkRSTa sthiti ke sadhate jAne para kyA ghaTita hotA hai, isa para prakAza DAlA hai| jyoM-jyoM dhyAnayogI antarjagat meM, AtmasvarUpa meM lIna hone lagatA hai, antarAtma bhAva se paramAtma-bhAva kI ora agrasara hotA jAtA hai to mAnasika aura kAyika yoga, jo karma pudgaloM ke AkarSaNa ke upAdAna haiM zoSita, apagata, vinaSTa aura kSINa hote jAte haiN| karmakSaya to AtmA kA parama lakSya hai jise sAdhane ke lie dhyAna kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| ___ AgamoM ke pazcAt dhyAnaviSayaka yaha zataka pahalI svataMtra racanA hai jisameM dhyAna ke cAroM bheda, unake kAraNa, paricAyaka liMga, dhyAna ke svAmI, dharmadhyAna ke adhikArI, ArAdhaka, tadanurUpa samucita sthAna, upayukta kAla, apekSita Asana Adi kI niyatatA - aniyatatA, dharmadhyAna ke Alambana, dharmadhyAna - zukla dhyAna kA krama, dharmadhyAnagata dhyAtavya viSaya, unake bhedoM kI vyAkhyA, mokSa kA svarUpa, caturvidha zukladhyAna ke dhyAtA, dharmadhyAna evaM zukladhyAna meM saMbhAvita lezyAyeM Adi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| dhyAnayoga viSayaka uttaravartI sAhitya ke vikAsa meM ni:saMdeha yaha zataka, eka apekSA AdhArabhUta kahA jA sakatA hai| dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki yaha jaina paramparA dvArA svIkRta prAkRta bhASA meM racA gayA hai, jo ArSa-vANI kahI jAtI hai| AcArya pUjyapAda : AcArya pUjyapAda digambara jaina paramparA ke atyanta prakhyAta manISI, mahAn granthakAra aura dharma prabhAvaka mahApuruSa the| unakA samaya vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| unakA dIkSA nAma devanaMdI thaa| tatpazcAt Apa jinendrabuddhi ke rUpa meM vikhyAta 32. vahI, gA. 99 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 26 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hue| kyoMki ApakA buddhiprakarSa bar3A vilakSaNa thaa| unake caraNAravinda devatAoM dvArA bhI pUjita the| ata: jJAnIjanoM ne unheM pUjyapAda nAma se vibhUSita kiyaa| inake dvArA racA gayA 'jainendra vyAkaraNa' jainoM kA pahalA saMskRta vyAkaraNa hai| isake sUtra bahuta sarala evaM saMjJAe~ saMkSipta haiN| 'mugdhabodha' ke racayitA paM. bhopadeva ne ATha pramukha saMskRta vyAkaraNoM meM 'jainendra vyAkaraNa' kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| inhoMne 'tattvArtha sUtra' para 'sarvArthasiddhi' nAmaka TIkA kI racanA kii| 'samAdhitaMtra', 'iSTopadeza', 'dazabhakti' nAmaka graMtha inake dvArA race gye| vaidyaka, Ayurveda para bhI inhoMne racanA kii| dakSiNa kA gaMgavaMzIya rAjA durvinIta inakA anuyAyI thaa| AcArya akalaMka ne 'tattvArtharAjavArtika', AcArya vidyAnanda ne 'tattvArtha zlokavArtika' meM inakI 'sarvArthasiddhi' nAmaka TIkA ke padoM kA anusaraNa karate hue inake prati bar3I zraddhA vyakta kI hai| inake dvArA racita iSTopadeza 51 padyoM kA eka choTA sA graMtha hai| iSTa kA artha - abhIpsita yA vAMchita hai| isameM AtmA ke lie vAMchita, Atmonnati meM sahAyaka upadeza samAviSTa hai| paMDita AzAdhara ne isa para saMskRta meM TIkA likhI hai| 'samAdhitaMtra' AtmasamAdhi hetu udbodhaka eka mahattvapUrNa AdhyAtmika kRti hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki graMthakAra ne apane jIvana ke antima bhAga meM isakI racanA kii| jaba inakI pravRttiyA~ bAhya viSayoM se sarvathA haTakara antarmukhI ho gaI thiiN| 'gItA' kI bhASA meM Apa sthitiprajJa jaisI sthiti prApta kara cuke the| isa graMtha meM thor3e hI zabdoM dvArA sUtra rUpa meM apane viSaya kA jo pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| vaha vAstava meM sundara hai| pratipAdana zailI sugama evaM hRdayasparzI hai| bhASA-sauSThava aura bhAvasaukumArya bahuta hI utkRSTa hai| isa graMtha meM zuddha AtmA ke varNana kI mukhyatA hai| graMthakAra ne Agama, niyukti aura svAnubhava ke AdhAra para isa graMtha kA praNayana kiyA hai| graMtha ke par3hane se jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya kundakunda jaise prAcIna mahApuruSoM ke vAkyoM kA bahuta kucha anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| iSTopadeza : eka prazna uThAte hue inhoMne dhyAna kA nirUpaNa prArambha kiyA - likhA hai ki ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 27

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha eka ora ciMtAmaNi ratna ho, eka ora khala yA kAca kA Tukar3A ho aura dhyAna dvArA jaba ye donoM hI prApta hoM to vivekI AtmA kisake prati Adara dikhAye ?33 ___ isa zloka dvArA graMthakAra ne jo kahanA cAhA hai usakA Azaya yaha hai ki dhyAna to ekAgratA mUlaka hai| vaha ekAgratA prazasta para bhI ho sakatI hai aura aprazasta para bhii| jahA~ yA jisa para hogI usakA phala bhI usI prakAra kA hogaa| isalie dhyAna mAtra ko hI kaise Adeya mAnA jA sakatA hai| jisa prakAra vaha utkRSTatama vastu bhI prApta karA sakatA hai usI prakAra nikRSTatama vastu kI prApti kA bhI hetu bana sakatA hai| isa prazna kA samAdhAna ve agrima zloka meM karate haiN| unhoMne likhA hai, "aihika sAMsArika phala anukUlatA iSTa sAdhanA meM anurakta janoM kA dhyAna raudra evaM Arta hotA hai| usakA parityAga kara dharma aura zukla dhyAna kI upAsanA karaNIya hai|34 prazasta yA uttama dhyAna Atmaparaka hai| isa prakAra dhyAna ke viSaya meM praveza kara unhoMne AtmA ke svarUpa kA vivecana kiyA hai jisakA pUrA dhyAna karanA vAMchita hai| likhA hai - AtmA svasaMvedana dvArA vyakta hai| vaha saMsArIavasthA meM dehavyApta hai| vaha avinazvara hai, dravyArthika dRSTi se nitya hai, atyanta sukhamaya hai aura loka-aloka kA draSTA hai|35 dhyAna kisa prakAra kiyA jAya, isakA nirUpaNa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki sAdhaka apanI indriyoM ko viSayoM se rokakara citta kI ekAgratA se apane hI dvArA apane meM sthita apane AtmasvarUpa kA dhyAna kre| graMthakAra ke anusAra yahA~ AtmA hI dhyAna aura dhyeya rUpa hai| tInoM yahA~ eka hI sAtha samanvita rUpa meM upasthita kiye gaye haiN| yaha vizuddha AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNa hai|37 33. iSTopadeza zloka 19 34. vahI, 20 35. vahI, 21 36. vahI, 22 37. vahI, 23

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyAna kA saMkSepa meM paricaya dekara unhoMne Age jJAna kA varNana kiyA hai| dhyAna ke ukta vivecana para svayaM zaMkA upasthita karate hue graMthakAra ne likhA hai ki caTAI aura caTAI kA kartA, ye donoM bhinna-bhinna haiM taba dhyAna karane vAlA aura dhyeya inakA samanvaya, aikya kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hae likhA hai ki jaba jIva mamatvayukta hotA hai to baddha hotA hai aura jaba mamatvazUnya hotA hai to mukta ho jAtA hai| isalie prayatnapUrvaka nirmamatva bhAva kA vizeSa rUpa se cintana karanA caahie| sAdhaka yoM soce ki maiM eka hU~, nirmama hU~, zuddha hU~, jJAnI hU~, sabhI saMyogajanita bhAva mujhase bAhya haiN| mere sAtha unakA koI sambandha nahIM hai| prANiyoM dvArA anekAneka du:khoM kA jhelA jAnA - unake sAMsArika saMyogoM yA sambandhoM para AdhArita hai| maiM mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika karmoM dvArA unakA sarvathA parityAga kara rahA huuN| merI mRtyu nahIM hotI, phira mujhe kisakA bhaya hai! mujhe koI vyAdhi- roga nahIM phira kisakI vyathA hai, na maiM bAlaka hU~, na vRddha aura yuvA hI huuN| yaha to saba paudgalika rUpa hai| maiMne moha ke kAraNa samasta pudgaloM kA bAra-bAra bhoga kiyA aura aba maiMne unako chor3a diyA hai, ve to jUThana ke samAna haiN| maiM vijJa hU~, AtmasvarUpa kA vettA hU~, phira mujhe unako pAne kI spRhA-icchA kyoM ho|38 unhoMne Age kahA hai ki loka ke samAna ajJa-ajJAnI banakara zarIra Adi dRzyamAna padArthoM kA upakAra karanA chor3akara apanI AtmA kA hI upakAra karane meM tallIna bno| yahA~ paropakAra-tyAga kI bAta kahI gayI hai, usa para cintana karanA Avazyaka hai| sAMsArikajana apane zarIra, parivAra sambandhI tathA apane se jur3e hue padArthoM kI ora hI dRSTi gar3Aye rahate haiN| unhIM kI vRddhi, puSTi, sajjA evaM zobhA meM lage rahate haiM yaha Atma-parAGmukhatA hai kyoMki AtmA hI zAzvata padArtha hai, zeSa saba to samaya pAkara vilupta hone vAle haiN| ataeva usase arthAt bhautika jagat kA AkarSaNa tyAga kara sAdhaka adhyAtmalIna bane, AtmA kA utthAna kre| dhyAtA, dhyAna aura dhyeya kI ekatA para uThAye gaye prazna kA graMthakAra ne apanI 38. vahI, zloka 26-30 39. vahI, 32

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AcArya umAsvAti, jinabhadra gaNi aura pUjyapAda ke granthoM meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : caturtha zailI meM samAdhAna kiyA hai| zuddha svarUpa kI dRSTi se AtmA hI saba kucha hai, usake atirikta jo bhI padArtha haiM ve saba para haiM, vibhAva rUpa haiM / jaba svabhAva kI dRSTi se sAdhaka dhyAna meM pravRtta hotA hai taba sahaja hI dhyAtA dhyAna aura dhyeya kA ekatva phalita ho jAtA hai| jaba AtmA pravRtti - nivRtti rUpa sAMsArika vyavahAradazA se haTakara apane AtmAnuSThAna meM, svarUpa kI prApti meM lIna ho jAtA hai taba usa AtmaniSTha yogI dhyAnayoga dvArA paramAnanda kI prApti hotI hai, vaha samAdhi avasthA prApta kara letA hai | 40 vaha paramAnanda, AdhyAtmika Ananda nirantara Ane vAle karmarUpI IMdhana ko naSTa kara DAlatA hai| vaise Ananda ko prApta adhyAtma yogI, bAhya du:khoM se bebhAna rahatA hai aura unase use jarA bhI kheda nahIM hotA / samAdhitaMtra : AcArya pUjyapAda ne sAdhanAzIla, dhyAnAnurata adhyAtmayogI kA citraNa karate hue likhA hai ki samasta indriyoM kA saMyamana kara unako apane- apane viSayoM se AkRSTa kara apane meM lIna kara jisa kSaNa sAdhaka antarAtmabhAva meM, tanmUlaka dhyAnAvasthA meM sthita hokara jisakA antardarzana karatA hai vahI paramAtmA yA paramAtmabhAva hai / vahA~ sAdhaka kA dhyAnamUlaka antarAnubhUtiparaka cintana Age bar3hatA hai aura vaha anubhava karatA hai ki jo paramAtmA hai, vaha maiM hI huuN| jo maiM hU~ vahI paramatattva hai, vahI paramAtmabhAva hai| maiM hI mere dvArA upAsanA karane yogya hU~ aura koI upAsya nahIM hai / yahI vAstavika sthiti hai / maiM samasta viSayoM se apane ko pRthak kara apane dvArA apane meM hI sthita huuN| maiMne paramAtma tattvabodhamaya sthiti ko prApta kara liyA hai| ataeva maiM hI paramAnandamaya paramazAntimaya hU~ jo deha se pare sarvathA pRthak, para avinazvara AtmA ko isa rUpa meM nahIM jAnatA, vaha bAhya dRSTi se utkRSTa tapa karatA huA bhI nirvANa prApta nahIM kara sakatA / 4 1 40. vahI, 47-48 41. samAdhitaMtra 30-33 - 30

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khaNDa : caturtha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ___ jainadarzana meM dhyAna para sabase pahalA svataMtra graMtha sambhavata: jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA dhyAnazataka' hI hai| prastuta graMtha meM dhyAna ke sthala, dhyAna ke kAla, dhyAna kI avadhi, dhyAna ke Asana, dhyAna ke avalambana, dhyAna kA viSaya, dhyAtA kI yogyatA Adi sabhI tattvoM para sarvAMgINa prakAza DAlA gayA hai| prastuta graMtha 'tattvArthasUtra' kI TIkAoM ke paravartI hone se hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki jo vivecana tattvArtha kI TIkAoM meM hai vahI vivecana isameM huA hai| sambhavata: vaha prathama bAra suvyavasthita rUpa meM 'dhyAnazataka' meM hameM upalabdha hotA hai| dUsarI vizeSatA isa graMtha kI yaha hai ki isameM dhyAna ke kramika sopAnoM para ArohaNa ke pazcAt sAdhaka kisa prakAra AtmasvarUpa meM lIna hotA hai, isakA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| pUjyapAda ne apane dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM mukhya rUpa se tIna bAteM prastuta kI haiN| prathama to yaha hai ki dhyAna do prakAra ke haiM - prazasta aura aprshst| sAdhaka prazasta dhyAna ko hI apnaayeN| dUsare, dhyAna meM hamArA lakSya svarUpa kI upalabdhi hI honA caahie| tIsarI meM ve kundakunda kA anusaraNa karate hue 'dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna meM tAdAtmya ho', isa bAta kA pratipAdana karate haiN| azuddha AtmA dhyAtA hai, zuddha Atmatattva dhyeya hai aura zuddha Atmatattva ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA hI dhyAna hai| unhoMne apane dUsare graMtha meM dhyAna ke sthAna para upAsya, upAsaka aura upAsanA ke ekatva para bala diyA hai aura svasvarUpa meM avasthiti ko hI sAdhanA kA lakSya batAyA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki Agamika yuga se prArambha hokara jaina dhyAna paramparA meM eka kramika vikAsa huA hai| paravartI AcAryoM ne yadyapi Agamika avadhAraNAoM ko apanA AdhAra banAyA hai kintu unhoMne saMketoM se Age bar3hate hue eka yugAnukUla dhyAna vidhi kA vikAsa bhI kiyA hai| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 31 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : paMcama * jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama khaNDa : paMcama AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA yogadRSTi samuccaya - icchAyoga, zAstrayoga, sAmarthyayoga - dharmasaMnyAsa aura yogasaMnyAsa, ATha yogadRSTiyA~ * yogazataka - nizcaya yoga * yogaviMzikA * yogabindu * paMcAzaka prakaraNa - vyavahAra yoga 1 IM

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDaH- paMcama AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama 100 ------ AcArya haribhadrasUri jaina jagat ke mahAn krAntikArI mahApuruSa hue haiM jinhoMne jaina sAdhanA, dharma, darzana evaM saMskRti ke vikAsa meM adbhuta kArya kiyaa| unakA janma brAhmaNa kula meM huA thA / ve citrakUTa, citaura cittaur3a ke rAjapurohita the / veda, vedAMga, vyAkaraNa, nyAya Adi vibhinna viSayoM ke pAragAmI vidvAn the / vizeSa prasaMgavaza ve yAkinImahattarA nAmaka jaina sAdhvI se prerita aura prabhAvita hokara jainadharma kI ora unmukha hue| bar3e hI nirmala taTastha vicAroM ke dhanI the| unhoMne jainadharma kA munijIvana svIkAra kiyA aura jainazAstroM kA gahana adhyayana kiyA / apane samaya meM jaina sAdhuoM meM vyApta zithilAcAra kA unhoMne ghora virodha kiyA / unakA sambodha prakaraNa nAmaka grantha isakA sAkSya hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne jaina AgamoM para TIkAe~, anekAntavAda, yogasAdhanA evaM AcAra para svatantra grantha, prAkRta tathA saMskRta meM kathA - sAhitya ityAdi vibhinna vidhAoM meM vipula sAhitya kI racanA kI / unhoMne suprasiddha bauddhagrantha ' nyAyabindu' para bhI saMskRta meM TIkA kI jo bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai / ina saba ke atirikta unakI sabase bar3I dena jainayoga ko eka svatantra vidyA ke rUpa meM pratiSThApanA hai| unhoMne dekhA ki vibhinna dhArmika paramparAoM meM yoga ke mAdhyama se vividha sAdhanopakrama gatizIla haiN| unhoMne jaina Agama evaM darzanasammata sAdhanAmUlaka tattvoM ko jainayoga ke rUpa meM bar3I hI yuktipUrNa paddhati se prastuta kiyaa| unhoMne jainayoga para svatantra rUpa se granthoM kI racanA kI / 2 unake 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' aura 'yogabindu' nAmaka do grantha saMskRta meM haiM tathA 'yogazataka', 'yogaviMzikA' nAmaka do grantha prAkRta meM haiN| unhoMne 'dharmabindu',

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 'zAstravArtAsamuccaya' Adi anyAnya granthoM meM bhI yoga kI carcA kI hai| unhoMne vibhinna rUpoM meM jaina sAdhanA krama ko yoga kI paddhati se pratipAdita kiyA hai| unhoMne 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' meM jainayogasAdhanA kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| nAnA dRSTiyoM ke vivecana se pUrva unhoMne icchAyoga, zAstrayoga aura sAmarthyayoga ke rUpa meM yoga ke tIna bhedoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| kisI bhI kArya meM pravRtta hone ke pUrva vyakti ke mana meM sabase pahale tadviSayaka icchA utpanna hotI hai| icchA hI jaba tIvratA aura uddIptatA prApta kara letI hai taba vaha kriyAtmaka rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai| yoga ke sambandha meM bhI AcArya haribhadra kA aisA hI cintana rhaa| unhoMne yaha Avazyaka mAnA ki sabase pahale sAdhaka meM sAdhanA ke prati tIvratama icchA utpanna honI caahie| icchA yoga: icchA yoga kA varNana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki jo sAdhaka AtmasAkSAtkAra kI icchA liye rahatA hai, jisane AgamoM meM prarUpita artha kA, zAstrIya siddhAntoM kA zravaNa kiyA hai vaisA puruSa icchA ke prAbalya se yogamArga para ArUr3ha hotA hai, kintu apane Apa meM pramAda kI vidyamAnatA ke kAraNa usakA yogamUlaka upakrama viphala yA apUrNa rahatA hai, use icchAyoga kahA jAtA hai| granthakAra ne yahA~ tIna bAtoM para prakAza DAlA hai ki eka aisA sAdhaka jisake mana meM dharma kI ArAdhanA, yoga kI sAdhanA kI atyadhika icchA hai, jo zAstroM ke adhyayana kA bhI abhyAsI hai, kintu usake mana meM pramAda vidyamAna hai; vaha adhyAtmayoga kI ArAdhanA meM lagatA hai to use yogasiddhi to nahIM ho pAtI, kintu icchA kI vidyamAnatA ke kAraNa use yoga ke kSetra se bahirbhUta bhI nahIM mAnA jaataa| usakA upakrama icchAyoga kahA jAtA hai| yaha yogasAdhanA kI pahalI koTi hai| zAstrayoga: zAstrayoga kA vizleSaNa karate hue unhoMne vyakta kiyA hai ki jo sAdhaka pramAda 1. yogadRSTi samuccaya, zloka - 2, pR. 1 2. vahI, zloka - 3, pR. 1

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama rahita hokara zraddhApUrvaka AgamajJAnapUrvaka zAstra meM nirdiSTa vidhi ke anurUpa yoga kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, usakA yoga avikala-akhaNDa rUpa se gatizIla rahatA hai, use zAstrayoga kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ graMthakAra ke vivecana kA Azaya yaha hai ki vaha sAdhaka jisake mana meM yogArAdhanA kI tIvra icchA hotI hai aura icchAnurUpa vaha jaisA usase ho pAtA hai, yoga kI ArAdhanA karatA hai, kintu jaba taka zAstrIya dRSTi sAdhaka ko prApta nahIM hotI hai taba taka ArAdhanA meM samIcInatA nahIM A pAtI; vaha vyavasthita rUpa se nahIM sadha paatii| usameM vighna, pratyavAya Adi Ate rahate haiM isalie sAdhaka kI tIvra utkaMThA zAstrajJAna ko adhigata karane kA mor3a letI hai| vaha atyanta zraddhApUrvaka zAstroM meM pratipAdita adhyAtmayoga viSayaka tattvoM ko adhigata karatA hai| usakA bodha tIvratA letA hai vaha yogAbhyAsa meM pramAda nahIM krtaa| sAvadhAnI yA jAgarUkatA ke sAtha apanI ArAdhanA meM agrasara hotA jAtA hai| taba usake dvArA sAdhyamAna yoga avikalAvasthA pA letA hai arthAt vaha yathAvat rUpa meM gatizIla rahatA hai| graMthakAra ne sAdhanA meM zAstrAdhyayana ko bhI bahuta upayogI mAnA hai kyoMki zAstroM meM jJAnIjana dvArA vaha mArga batAyA gayA hai jo sAdhaka ke abhyAsa ko bala detA hai| sAmarthya yoga : sAmarthya yoga ke svarUpa kA AkhyAna karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki zAstroM meM jinake prakaTana kA mArga batalAyA hai, adhyavasAya dvArA jaba usa anta:zakti kA udreka hotA hai, jAgaraNa hotA hai, vaha zakti prabalatA pAtI hai to sAdhaka kI antarAtmA meM utkRSTa koTi kA yoga pratiphalita hotA hai| jisakA viSaya zAstra se bhI atikrAnta hai arthAt vaha aisI AdhyAtmika anubhUti se jur3A hotA hai jo zAstrAdhyayana se prApta nahIM hotI, anubhava se prApta hotI hai kyoMki AtmA meM aparimita parAkrama aura sAmarthya hai| jaba usake AvaraNa vicchinna ho jAte haiM to vaha sAmarthya prakaTa ho jAtA hai| usa sAmarthya dvArA eka vilakSaNa yoga kI siddhi hotI hai| AcArya haribhadra ke anusAra vahI sAmarthya yoga hai| unhoMne isI bAta ko aura adhika spaSTa karate hue Age kahA hai ki jina kAraNoM se siddhi, carama lakSya yA parama pada kI prApti hotI hai, yogIjana unakA 3. vahI, zloka - 4, pR. 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sUkSma tAttvika svarUpa kevala zAstroM ke mAdhyama se pUrNata: nahIM jAna paate| kevala zAstra dvArA sAkSAt anubhUti yA indriyanirapekSa jJAna kA udbhava sambhava nahIM hai| usase sarvajJatA, parama siddhi kI prApti nahIM ho pAtI hai| ataeva prAtibha jJAna arthAt asAdhAraNa Atmazakti se samutpanna jJAna, AtmAnubhava yA sva saMvedana ke adbhuta prakAza tathA ananya tattva cintanAtmaka dIpti se yukta sAmarthya yoga hI sarvajJatva evaM AtmapUrNatA kA vastuta: hetu hai| sAmarthya yoga ke sUkSma svarUpa yA viziSTatA kA zabdoM dvArA kathana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| sAmarthyayoga-dharmasaMnyAsa aura yogasaMnyAsa ke rUpa meM do prakAra kA hai| karmoM ke kSayopazama se jo sthiti utpanna hotI hai vaha dharmasaMnyAsa hai aura zarIra Adi kI pravRttiyoM kA nirodha yoga saMnyAsa hai| 1. dharmasaMnyAsa yoga: pahalA 'dharmasaMnyAsa yoga' dvitIya apUrvakaraNa arthAt granthibheda rUpa prathama apUrvakaraNa ke pazcAt kSapaka zreNI-ArohaNa meM siddha hotA hai arthAt sAdhaka jaba kSapakazreNI meM ArohaNa karatA hai usa samaya atyadhika tIvra AtmaparAkrama kA udbhava hotA hai| taba vaha upazama zreNI se ArohaNa na kara kSapaka zreNI se ArohaNa karatA hai| apUrvakaraNa Antarika sAmarthya kI prabalatA liye hotA hai| prabalatA kA pahalA rUpa granthibheda meM pariNata hotA hai aura dUsarA rUpa kSapakazreNI se yAtrA ke rUpa meM pragaTa hotA hai| yaha prakriyA sAmarthyayoga ke antargata AtI hai kyoMki isameM AtmA ke parAkrama yA sAmarthya kA prakaTana hotA hai| vyAgasanyAsa: sAmarthyayoga kA dUsarA bheda 'yogasaMnyAsa' Ayojya karma ke pazcAt ghaTita hotA hai| jaba vedanIya karmoM kI sthiti AyuSya karma kI apekSA adhika hotI hai taba sarvajJa prabhu unakA sAmaMjasya karane hetu karmoM kI udIraNA karate haiM, jisase samudghAta dvArA ve zIghra kSINa kiye jA sakeM, ise Ayojya karma kahA jAtA hai| aisA hone se Age yogasaMnyAsa siddha hotA hai| isase sAdhaka ayogAvasthA pA letA hai| yaha avasthA hI sarvotkRSTa yoga hai kyoMki yaha AtmA ko mokSa se yojita karatI hai| 4. yogadRSTi samuccaya, zloka. 5-11 pR. 2-3 ~~mmmmmmmmmmmmm 5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama - isa vivecana meM AcArya haribhadra ne atyanta sUkSma tattva - darzana kI carcA kI hai| sAmAnyata: jainadarzana meM yoga zabda mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika karmoM yA pravRttiyoM ke lie prayukta hotA hai| yahA~ isakA prayoga cittavRttiyoM ke parimArjana ke sAtha AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa prApta karane ke artha meM hai| AcArya haribhadra dArzanika bhASA meM kahate haiM ki jaba samasta yogoM kA, pravRttiyoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai to paramotkRSTa yoga siddha hotA hai| usake siddha hone kA tAtparya hai ki yogI ko aba vaha saba prApta ho gayA hai jo usakA prApya yA lakSya rahA hai| sAmarthya yoga kI antima pariNati parama pada kI upalabdhi meM hotI hai| . AcArya haribhadra sUri ne ATha yogadRSTiyoM kI parikalpanA kI hai jo nimnAMkita haiM (1)mitrA (2) tArA (3) balA (4) dIprA (5) sthirA (6) kAntA (7) prabhA tathA (8) praa| ye dRSTiyA~ unnata hote AtmA ke vizuddhikrama para AdhArita haiN| unakI mAnyatA hai ki sAdhanA meM dRSTi vA darzana kA sabase adhika mahattva hai| jaba taka dRSTi kA pariSkAra nahIM hotA taba taka sAdhaka ke dvArA anuSThita kiye jAne vAle upakrama abhISTa phalaprada siddha nahIM ho skte| unhoMne sabase pahale dRSTi kA oghadRSTi evaM yogadRSTi ke rUpa meM vibhAjana kiyaa| ogha kA artha pravAha hai| saMsArapravAha meM patita yogapravRtti yadi adhyAtmonmukha nahIM ho, to paronmukha hI banI rahatI hai| usako unhoMne oghadRSTi ke nAma se vikhyAta kiyA hai| unhoMne taratamatA ke AdhAra para oghadRSTi ke vaividhyapUrNa svarUpa kA vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki meghoM se paripUrNa rAtri aura unase rahita rAtri, meghayukta divasa aura megharahita divasa, grahapIr3ita darzaka aura grahabAdhA rahita darzaka, bAla yA avayaska darzaka va vayaska darzaka, rugNa netra Adi se upahRta yA pIr3ita darzaka, anupahRta yA apIr3ita darzaka Adi ina apekSAoM se, bhinna-bhinna kAraNoM se jaise vastu ke dekhane meM taratamatA yA nyUnAdhikatA hotI hai usI prakAra jAgatika pravAha meM nipatita dRSTi bhinnabhinna prakAra kI hotI hai| AcArya ne yahA~ oghadRSTi kI vividhatA kA jo vizleSaNa kiyA hai, vaha bar3A hI sUkSma hai| saMsAra meM aneka prakAra ke loga haiN| unake dekhane-socane kA krama aneka 5. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka - 14, pR. 4

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khaNDa : paMcama prakAra kA hai| vibhinna sthitiyA~ unake dekhane - socane Adi meM nyUnatA adhikatA lAtI rahatI hai| isI ke anusAra oghadRSTi ke bhI anekAneka rUpa ghaTita hote haiM / sAMsArika yA bhautika jIvana meM race- pace logoM meM jitanI bhinnatA hai unakI cintana- dhArAoM meM bhI anekavidha taratamatAoM ke sAtha vividhatAyeM haiM / 1 odRSTi meM jo jIva par3e rahate haiM, ve jaba taka oghadRSTi se nikalate nahIM haiM taba taka avannati ke garta meM hI par3e rahate haiM / itanA hI nahIM, unake patana kA krama uttarottara bar3hatA jAtA hai| AcArya haribhadra patita jIvoM ko eka nayA prakAzapUrNa mArgadarzana dene hetu yogadRSTi kA vidhAna karate haiM / jaba taka jIva oghadRSTi se nikalakara yogadRSTi meM nahIM Ate, taba taka kadApi unakA kalyANa nahIM hotaa| yogadRSTiyA~ AtmA ko usake zuddha svarUpa ke sAtha yojita karatI haiN| jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yogadRSTiyoM ke svarUpa kA vivecana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki uttama draSTA kI dRSTi apanI bodhAtmaka jyoti ke vaizadya ke vikAsa kI apekSA tRNa, gomaya tathA kASTha kI agni ke kaNa, dIpaka, ratna, tAre, sUrya tathA candra kI AbhA ke tulya kramaza: ATha dRSTiyoM ke vikAsa ke rUpa meM prasphuTita hotI hai / " 6 - jisa prakAra ghAsa, kaNDe tathA kATha kI agni ke kaNa kramazaH pradIpta hote haiM unakI jyoti Age se Age vRddhiMgata hotI hai, unase Age kramaza: dIpaka se lekara candra taka kI AbhA adhika se adhika uddIpta hotI jAtI hai; isI krama se dRSTiyoM kA AtmokarSa kI apekSA unnayana hotA jAtA hai| unhoMne Age batAyA hai ki jo sAdhaka yama Adi yoga ke aMgoM ke abhyAsI hote haiM, kheda, udvega Adi doSoM se rahita hote haiM, jinameM auroM ke prati dveSa nahIM hotA, satattvoM ke prati jijJAsA kA bhAva hotA hai aise sAdhaka yoga dRSTiyoM ko sAdhane ke adhikArI hote haiN| 7 AcArya haribhadra ke samakSa maharSi pataMjali ke yama Adi ATha yogAMga the, unake samakSa pUrvatana bhagavadda tathA bhadantabhAskara nAmaka do AcAryoM ke yoga viSayaka ATha-ATha tattva bhI the| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kabhI ina donoM AcAryoM ke ye AThaATha tattva sAdhanA ke kSetra meM mAnya aura Adeya rahe hoN| ataeva AcArya haribhadra pratyeka 6. 7. vahI, zloka 15 pR. 5 vahI, zloka - 16 pR. 5 7

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama dRSTi ke sAtha-sAtha yathAkrama ina tInoM se eka-eka tattva bhI lete haiN| jyoM-jyoM ekaeka dRSTi siddha hotI jAtI hai tyoM-tyoM ina tInoM AcAryoM dvArA svIkRta tattva, pakSa yA yogAMga bhI siddha hote jAte haiN| AThoM hI dRSTiyoM ke vizleSaNa meM unhoMne isa vidyA ko prastuta kiyA hai| mitrA dRSTi : isa dRSTi kA mitrA nAma diye jAne ke pIche sambhavata: AcArya haribhadrasUri kA aisA bhAva rahA ho ki sabase pahale sAdhaka jyoM hI yoga ke kSetra meM padArpaNa kare, usake mana meM saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ke prati mitratA kA bhAva utpanna ho| kyoMki mitrabhAva kA antarAtmA meM udaya hone para hiMsA, dveSa, vaimanasya kA nAza ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi meM sAdhaka kA sat zraddhAnonmukha bodha udita hone lagatA hai, kintu vaha mandatA liye rahatA hai| isa dRSTi meM sthita sAdhaka aSTAMgayoga ke pahale aMga-yama ke prArambhika abhyAsa, icchA Adi ko prApta kara letA hai| devakArya, gurukArya aura dharmakArya ke sampAdana meM usake kheda nAmaka Azaya doSa kA apagama ho jAtA hai arthAt vaha akheda yA aparizrAnta bhAva se uttama kAryoM meM lagA rahatA hai| sAtha-hI-sAtha usameM adveSa bhAva panapane lagatA hai arthAt jo vyakti devakArya, gurukArya va dharmakArya nahIM karate, unake prati usake mana meM dveSa yA mAtsarya bhAva utpanna nahIM hotaa| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki AcArya haribhadra ne icchAyama, pravRttiyama, sthirayama tathA siddhiyama ke rUpa meM yama ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| ahiMsA Adi pA~ca yamoM ke paripAlana meM jaba sAdhaka ke mana meM icchA jAgRta hotI hai to vaha cAhane lagatA hai ki maiM inakA jIvana meM anusaraNa kruuN| isa mAnasika dazA ko icchAyama kahA gayA hai| yadyapi taba taka sAdhaka yamoM ke paripAlana meM saMlagna nahIM hotA kintu unheM apanAne kI AkAMkSA usake mana meM samudita ho jAtI hai isalie icchA dvArA isane yama ko svIkAra kara liyA hai, aisA ghaTita hotA hai| icchA kA agrima rUpa pravRtti hai| jaba icchA kriyAnviti pA letI hai, taba vaha 8. vahI, zloka - 21, pR. 6 8

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama pravRtti ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtI hai| jaba sAdhaka apane icchAnurUpa yamoM kA anusaraNa karane lagatA hai taba usakI ArAdhanA pravRtti yama zabda dvArA abhihita hotI hai| kisI kAma meM vyakti pravRtta to ho jAtA hai kintu usa para jaba taka sthira nahIM hotA, taba taka yaha AzaMkA banI rahatI hai ki na jAne yaha pravRtti kaba taka gatizIla rahe? jaba dIrghakAlIna dRr3ha abhyAsa dvArA vaha pravRtti sthiratA pA letI hai taba usase vicalita yA cyuta hone kI AzaMkA nahIM rahatI hai vaisI dazA ko sthirayama kahA gayA hai| yadi sAdhaka meM sthiratA banI rahe, vaha sthiratApUrvaka yamoM ke paripAlana meM sannaddha rahe, to vaha unheM siddha kara letA hai, phira ve kabhI usase chUTate nhiiN| usake jIvana meM sahajatA prApta kara lete haiN| AcArya haribhadra Age likhate haiM ki yoga ke vettA yaha bhalIbhA~ti jAnate haiM ki mitrAdRSTi meM sthita sAdhaka ke lie yaha vAMchanIya hai ki vaha mokSasiddhi ke amogha hetu svarUpa yogabIjoM ko svIkAra kre| arhatoM ke prati citta meM zubha, uttama bhAva tathA mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika zuddhipUrvaka praNamana Adi ko atyanta utkRSTa yogabIja kahA gayA hai| ye yogabIja jIvana meM kaba niSpanna hote haiM, nipajate haiM, isa sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai ki bIjasiddhi Adi kI dRSTi se AtmA kI viziSTa yogyatA ke paripAka ke pariNAmasvarUpa carama pudgalaparAvarta ke samaya meM hI kuzala sAttvika satzraddhAmaya yoga bhI saMzuddha hote haiM, utpanna hote haiN|10 jainadarzana ke anusAra jIva dvArA grahaNa kiye jAte, tyAge jAte lokavyApta samasta pudgaloM kA jaba eka bAra saMsparza yA upayoga ho jAtA hai to use eka pudgalaparAvartana kahA jAtA hai| isa krama kA antima Avarta, jisakA bhoga kara cukane para jIva ko puna: isa bhavacakra meM nahIM AnA par3atA, carama pudgalaparAvartana kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ yogabIjoM ke saMzuddha hone kI jo bAta kahI gayI hai vaha taba ghaTita hotI hai jaba sAdhaka carama pudgalaparAvartana kI sthiti meM hotA hai| 9. vahI, zloka - 22-24, pR. 7 10. vahI, zloka - 24, pR. 7

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA - khaNDa : paMcama - ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ unhoMne Age likhA hai ki jina manuSyoM kA bhAvamala, Antarika mAlinya atyanta kSINa ho jAtA hai unameM yogabIja bhI acala hote haiN| jina manuSyoM kI cetanA avyakta hotI hai ve yogabIjoM ko prApta nahIM kara pAte kyoMki unheM prApta karanA bar3A mahattvapUrNa kArya hai| aMtima pudgalaparAvartana meM bhAvamala kA nAza ho jAtA hai| jinake aisA siddha ho jAtA hai unameM duHkhita prANiyoM ke prati, atyadhika dayAlutA, guNIjanoM ke prati amatsaratA, sabhI janoM ke prati samucita ziSTa- vyavahAra, sevA kA udAtta bhAva sahaja hI prakaTa hotA hai| - isa prakAra ke saumya svarUpa yA svabhAva yukta uttama puruSoM ke avaJcakodaya ke kAraNa, zubha nimittoM ke kAraNa saMyoga samupalabdha hotA rahatA hai|1 avaJcakodaya kA vizleSaNa karate hue AcAryazrI likhate haiM ki sAdhakoM meM yogAvaJcaka, kriyAvaJcaka, aura phalAvaJcaka ke rUpa meM tIna avaJcaka prApta hote haiN| ye abhivAMchita yA uddiSTa kriyA para sAdhaka ko pahu~cA dete haiN|12 jo kabhI vaJcanA, pravaJcanA na kare, kabhI viparIta na jAye, yathArtha sthAna para jAne se na cUke, bANa kI jyoM sIdhA apane lakSya para pahu~ce use avaJcaka kahA jAtA hai| jo sadguru kA suyoga prApta hone meM vaJcanA na kare, bAdhA na kare, use yogAvaJcaka kahA jAtA hai| jinheM yaha prApta hotA hai unheM satpuruSoM kA sAnnidhya prApta hotA jAtA hai| jo satpuruSoM ke namana, vandana, satkAra, paricaryA Adi zubha kriyA meM vaJcanA, bAdhA na kare use kriyAvaMcaka kahA jAtA hai tathA jinake sAtha vaha hotA hai unheM aise puruSoM kA suyoga milatA jAtA hai| jo aise uttama kAryoM ke uttama phala ko prApta karAne meM bAdhaka na ho, sAdhaka ho, use phalAvaJcaka kahA jAtA hai| jinakA Antarika mAlinya prakSAlita ho jAtA hai, jo nirmala ho jAte haiM tathA yathocita kAlAvadhi prApta kara lete haiM, unheM yogabIja prApta hote haiM aura sAtha - hI - sAtha ve avaJcaka traya se bhI lAbhAnvita hote haiN| granthakAra ne tAttvika zailI meM yahA~ yaha batalAyA hai ki yogotthAna kI pahalI 11. vahI, zloka - 30-33, pR. 9-10 12. vahI, zloka - 34, pR. 10 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama bhUmi aisI hai jahA~ sAdhaka ke vyaktitva meM nirmalatA, sukumAratA evaM saumyatA A jAtI hai| use satpuruSoM kA satsaMga prApta hone kA saubhAgya milatA rahatA hai aura ve unake sAnnidhya se vaisI sat zikSA prApta karate haiM jo unheM sAdhanApatha para Age bar3hane meM sphUrtizIla banAtI hai| 2. tArA dRSTi : __ tArA mitrA se agalA kadama hai| mitrA meM sat zraddhAnonmukha bodha kI mandatA kA jo ullekha huA hai, vaha mandatA isameM miTane lagatI hai| kucha - kucha spapTatA Ane lagatI hai, yoga kA dUsarA niyama isameM siddha ho jAtA hai| jo pravRttiyA~ AtmA ke lie kalyANakAriNI haiM, unakA anuvartana karane meM udvega nahIM rahatA, utsAha banA rahatA hai tathA tattvajijJAsA utpanna hotI hai|13 maharSi pataMjali ne zauca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya tathA paramAtma-cintana ko niyama kahA hai| ye guNa yamoM ko puSTa karate haiN|14 zauca kA abhiprAya kAyika aura mAnasika zuddhi se hai| santoSa se jIvana meM zAnti rahatI hai| tapa, svAdhyAya tathA paramAtma-cintana sAdhaka kI UrdhvagAminI UrjA ko zakti pradAna karate haiN| sAdhanArata vyakti meM mAnasika nirmalatA kA ubhAra Ane para utsAha kI mandatA A jAtI hai| vaisA hone se sAdhanA kI gatizIlatA bAdhita hotI hai| tArA dRSTi prApta hone para sAdhaka kI yaha durbalatA miTa jAtI hai aura vaha Atmatattva, dharmatattva Adi ko jAnane meM bar3I utsukatA liye rahatA hai| tArA dRSTi meM pratiphalita hone vAlI anyAnya sthitiyoM kA udghATana karate hue AcAryazrI ne likhA hai ki sAdhaka ke mana meM sahaja hI yogaviSayaka carcAoM meM adhika akhaNDita prIti yA abhiruci banI rahatI hai| yoga viSayaka yoga niSNAta yogijanoM kA vaha niyamita rUpa meM sammAna karatA hai| vaha unakI yathA vicAra-vimarza, cintana-manana meM AnaMda prApta hotA hai| zuddha zakti sevA karatA hai| vaha unakA anugraha prApta karatA hai jisase yoga-sAdhanA meM vikAsa karane meM use saphalatA milatI hai| mahAn yogiyoM kI sevA karane se zraddhA kA unnayana hotA hai| AtmA kA hita yA zreyas siddha hotA hai| kSudra upadrava sahaja hI naSTa ho jAte haiN| 15 13. vahI, zloka - 41, pR. 12-13 14. pAtaJjala yoga sUtra - 2.32 15. yogadRSTi samu. zloka - 42-43, pR. 13 wwwwwwwwwwwwwww 11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama RSite 3. balA dRSTi : balA dRSTi meM dRr3ha darzanonmukha sadbodha varddhanonmukha hotA hai| sukhAsanasukhapUrvaka Asana siddha ho jAtA hai jo yoga kA tRtIya aMga hai|6|| tattvazravaNa kI atyanta tIvra utkaMThA jAgRta hotI hai tathA kSepa nAmaka doSa miTa jAtA hai jisake rahane para caitasika vikSepa utpanna ho jAtA hai| AcArya ne yahA~ jo sukhAsana zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai vaha eka vizeSa abhiprAya liye hae hai| yogI ko vaisA hI Asana svIkAra karanA cAhie jisa para sukhapUrvaka binA kaThinAI se zAnta bhAva ke sAtha baiThA jA ske| aisA hone se zArIrika tanAva na hone ke kAraNa mana meM udvega nahIM AtA, dhyAna se citta susthira banA rahatA hai| sAtha-hI-sAtha yahA~ eka bAta aura jAnane yogya hai jisakI tarapha yoga ke AcAryoM ne saMketa kiyA hai| unhoMne bAhya Asana ke sAtha-sAtha Antarika Asana kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se bhI Atmetara padArtha yA paravastu meM jo mana kA Asana yA sthiti hotI hai vaha duHkhAsana hai| AtmA kI svAbhAvika dazA se vaibhAvika dazA meM sthita yA AsIna hone se vyakti azuddhAvasthA meM jAtA hai jisakA pariNAma aneka rUpoM meM kaSTajanaka hai| apane sahaja svarUpa meM, svAbhAvika dazA meM sthita honA, AsIna honA, TikanA pAramArthika dRSTi se sukhAsana hai, sukhamaya sthiti hai, AdhyAtmika Anandamaya sthiti hai| jaba yaha dRSTi upalabdha ho jAtI hai to sAdhaka meM asat, nazvara padArthoM ke prati sahaja hI tRSNA miTatI jAtI hai| tRSNA hI samasta du:khoM kA hetu hai| jaba vaha dUra ho jAtI hai taba AtmA sukhAsana meM sthita hotI hai aura Antarika sukha meM lIna rahatI hai| sAdhaka ke jIvana meM sAdhanA meM sthiratA kA aisA samAveza hone lagatA hai ki usake calane-phirane, hilane-Dulane Adi meM tvarA, jaldabAjI nahIM rahatI hai| 16. pAtaMjala yogasUtra - 2.46 17. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka. 49 pR. 15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kamanIya kAntA samanvita taruNa puruSa ko jaise divya saMgIta sunane kI utkaMThA banI rahatI hai, usI prakAra usa dRSTi se yukta sAdhaka ko tattvajJAna kI utkaMThA, abhIpsA banI rahatI hai / tattvazuzrUSA bodha rUpI jala ke srota kI zirA yA bhUmisthita jalapraNAlikA ke sadRza hai| yadi yaha nahIM hotI to saba sunA huA usa kUpa kI jyoM nirarthaka hai jo jala kI antaH praNAlikA se rahita hai / ' 18 yaha dRSTi jaba prApta ho jAtI hai to sAdhaka ko zubha yogoM ke yogAnugata uttama kAryoM meM vikSepa nahIM hotaa| vaha kuzalatA evaM nipuNatA pUrvaka unheM karatA rahatA hai| AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM upakAraka yA sahAyaka sAdhanoM ke prati bhI sAdhaka ke mana meM pariSkAra bhAva rahatA hai arthAt vaha unake sAtha icchA dvArA pratibaddha nahIM hotaa| athavA vaha sAdhanoM ko hI saba kucha mAnakara ulajhA nahIM rahatA / sAvadya pApayukta pravRttiyoM kA parihAra karatA huA vaha yogasAdhanA meM avihata rUpa meM saMlagna rahane meM udyata rahatA hai| 19 * dIprA dRSTi : prAdRSTi ke prApta ho jAne para yogI ke aSTAMgayoga kA cauthA aMga prANAyAma siddha ho jAtA hai | 20 prANa kA artha hai prANavAyu jo zvAsa-prazvAsa ke rUpa meM deha meM calatI rahatI hai / 'prANAyAma AyAma: prANAyAma:' prANavAyu kA AnA-jAnA prANAyAma hai| usakA deha meM praviSTa honA zvAsa tathA nikalanA prazvAsa hai / prANavAyu ke gamana - Agamana rUpa kriyA kA gaticcheda prANAyAma kA lakSaNa hai arthAt prANavAyu kA niyamana karanA, usako vizeSa rUpa meM sAdhita karanA isake antargata hai / prANAyAma bAhyavRtti, AbhyantaravRtti aura staMbhavRtti ke rUpa meM tIna prakAra kA hai| vaha deza, kAla aura saMkhyA ke AdhAra para bhalI bhA~ti paridRSTa hotA hai / vaha abhyAsa dvArA pralamba va sUkSma hotA jAtA hai| prANavAyu ko zarIra se bAhara nikAla kara, bAhara hI jitane samaya taka sukhapUrvaka 18. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka. 50-53, pR. 15-16 19. vahI, zloka 55-56, pR. 70 20. yogasUtra - 49-50, pR. 64 13

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama rokA jA sake roke rahanA tathA sAtha-hI-sAtha yaha parIkSaNa karate rahanA ki vaha bAhara Akara kahA~ rukA hai, kitane samaya taka rukA hai aura utane samaya taka svAbhAvika prANa kI kitanI saMkhyA hotI hai; isa bAhyavRttimUlaka prANAyAma ko recaka bhI kahA jAtA hai| AbhyaMtaravRttiprANAyAma meM prANavAyu ko deha ke bhItara le jAkara jitane kAla taka sukhapUrvaka rokA jA sake, roke rahanA tathA sAtha-hI-sAtha anuvIkSaNa karate rahanA ki AbhyaMtara deza meM kahA~ taka jAkara prANa rukatA hai, vahA~ kitane kAla taka sukhapUrvaka sthira hotA hai aura utane samaya taka prANavAyu kI kitanI saMkhyA hotI hai; yaha AbhyaMtara prANAyAma hai| ise pUraka bhI kahA jAtA hai| zarIra ke bhItara jAne aura bAhara nikalane kI prANavAyu kI svAbhAvika gati hai, use prayatnapUrvaka bAhara yA bhItara nikalane yA le jAne kA abhyAsa na kara prANavAyu svabhAva se bAhara nikalA ho yA bhItara gayA ho, jahA~ vaha ho vahA~ usakI gati ko staMbhita kara denA, avaruddha kara denA tathA yaha parIkSaNa karate rahanA ki vaha kisa sthAna meM, kitane samaya taka sukhapUrvaka rukA rahatA hai| isa samaya meM prANavAyu kI svAbhAvika gati kI kitanI saMkhyA hotI hai yaha bhI dekhate rahanA hotA hai| yaha staMbhavRtti prANAyAma hai, ise kuMbhaka bhI kahA jAtA hai| yaha bhI abhyAsa ke pariNAmasvarUpa dIrgha yA sUkSma hotA hai| prANAyAma siddha hone ke sAtha-sAtha isa dRSTi meM citta meM sahaja hI prazAnta bhAva udita hotA rahatA hai ki sAdhaka kA citta yoga meM se uThatA nahIM, haTatA nahIM, dUra nahIM jAtA arthAt usakI sthiratA niSpanna hotI jAtI hai| sAdhaka tattvajJAna ke zravaNa meM samudyata rahatA hai| use vaise prasaMga prApta hote rahate haiN| itanA avazya hai ki taba taka sAdhaka kA bodha sUkSmatA prApta nahIM kara paataa| vaha sAmAnya yA sthUla rUpa liye rahatA hai| __ prANAyAma ke sandarbha meM jainadRSTi se eka vizeSa cintana aura bhI hai| vaha kevala prANavAyu ke recaka, pUraka aura kuMbhaka taka hI sImita nahIM mAnA jAnA caahie| usakA eka AdhyAtmika rUpa bhI hai| bAhyabhAva yA parabhAva ke recaka, dUsare zabdoM meM bahirAtmabhAva ko apane meM se bAhara nikAlanA, antarAtmabhAva yA AtmasvarUpAnupratyaya ko apane bhItara le jAnA, tadgarbhita cintana ko apane meM sthira kiye rahanA bhAva prANAyAma hai jo sAdhaka ke AdhyAtmika utthAna meM vastuta: bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| 21. yogadRSTi samuccaya, zloka. 57, pR. 17

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama isa dRSTi se yukta sAdhaka ke hRdaya meM dharma ke prati ananya AsthA jAgRta rahatI hai / vaha yaha mAnatA hai ki dharma hI usakA eka mAtra suhRd - mitra yA sAthI hai| vaha aisA sAthI hai jo maraNa hone para bhI sAtha jAtA hai| usake atirikta jo bhI use prApta hai, vaha saba jyoMhI usakA zarIra vinaSTa hotA hai, saba miTa jAte haiN| aisA sAdhaka dharma ko prANoM se bhI priya samajhatA hai / khAre jala ke tyAga aura madhura jala ke saMyoga se jaise bhUmi meM vapta bIca uga jAtA hai, usI prakAra tattva zravaNa ke pariNAmasvarUpa sAdhaka ke mana meM bodhabIja aMkurita hone lagatA hai / sAMsArika bhogopabhogamaya padArtha khAre jala ke tulya haiM / tattva zravaNa madhura jala ke samAna hai / tattvazravaNa se hI sAdhakoM kA AtmakalyANa siddha hotA hai| isase gurujana ke prati bhakti kA AnaMdamaya bhAva prabalatA pAtA hai / tattvazravaNa aihika aura pAralaukika donoM hI dRSTiyoM se atyanta upAdeya hai| sAdhaka meM jaba gurubhakti kA abhyudaya hotA hai to usake prabhAva se samApattiparamAtmasvarUpa zuddha AtmasvarUpa ke dhyAna dvArA tIrthaMkara ke zarIra kA antaH sAkSAtkAra hotA hai athavA yaha itanI sAttvika dazA hai, jisase tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA bandha ho jAtA hai| jisake pariNAmasvarUpa vaha bhAvI jIvana meM tIrthaMkaratva prApta karatA hai jisakA paryavasAna siddhAvasthA yA muktAvasthA meM hai, jo isa saMsAra meM eka advitIya sthiti hai / jIvana ke parama lakSya use svAyatta karane ke vAstavika sAdhana, unakA paripoSaNa, parivardhana, tAttvika svarUpa, usake phala ityAdi ke parizIlana - paryAlocana Adi dvArA jJAnI puruSa tattva kA yathArtha nirNaya karate haiM, vedya - vedane yogya, jAnane yogya yA anubhava yogya tattva kA sAkSAtkAra yA pratIti- anubhUti sUkSma bodha kA rUpa hai / 22 sUkSmabodha ke phala- niSpatti kA vizleSaNa karate hue graMthakAra ne likhA hai ki usake prApta ho jAne para saMsAra sAgara ko pAra karane kA, karma rUpI vajra yA hIraka ko vibheda karane kA tathA ananta dharmAtmaka vastutattva rUpa jJeya ko samajhane kA avasara prApta hotA hai| kyoMki yaha saba sUkSmabodha dvArA hI parijJeya hai / inako bhalIbhA~ti samajhakara sAdhaka apane sAdhanopakrama se uttarottara gatizIla rahatA hai to antata: AvAgamana ke cakra se vimukta ho jAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai 22. yogadRSTi samuccaya, zloka 59-65, pR. 18-20 15

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA ki mahAmoha rUpa durbhedhya karmagranthi bhinna ho jAtI hai TUTa jAtI hai / samasta jJeya tattva use sarvathA adhigata ho jAte haiM / yaha sUkSma bodha se phalita hone vAlI sthiti hai| 23 graMthakAra ne Age avedya-saMvedya tathA vedya aura saMvedya ke rUpa meM eka dArzanika gahana tattva pratipAdita kiyA hai, jisakA ina dRSTiyoM se vizeSa sambandha hai / unhoMne kahA hai ki prArambha kI cAra dRSTiyoM meM vedya pada yAnI jAnane yogya abhipreta ko anubhava karane kI kSamatA kA abhAva rahatA hai| vahA~ vedya saMvedya pada siddha nahIM ho pAtA / jaise AkAza meM ur3ate hue pakSI kI chAyA ko jala meM dekhakara koI jalacara use pakar3anA cAhe to usake hAtha kucha nahIM AtA usI prakAra tattvata: una dRSTiyoM vedya-saMvedya kI prApti nahIM hotI / usa dizA meM sAdhaka kA prayatna to avazya rahatA hai kintu vaha sArthakya prApta nahIM karatA | 24 khaNDa : paMcama vedya-saMvedya pada ke saMdarbha meM Age aura kahA hai ki vaha dIprA se uttaravartI cAra dRSTiyoM meM siddha hotA hai| jaba vaha siddha ho jAtA hai taba usake atyadhika prabhAva ke kAraNa sAdhaka pApapUrNa kAryoM meM prAyaH pravRtti nahIM karatA / pUrvArjita azubha karmoM ke kAraNa kadAcit pApakArya meM pravRtti ho bhI jAtI hai to vaha usa sAdhaka meM usI prakAra Tika nahIM pAtI, jisa prakAra paritapta lohe para paira TikAkara nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| yadi vaise para paira Tika bhI jAtA hai to vyakti tatkSaNa use vahA~ se dUra kara letA hai / usI prakAra sAdhaka kI jJAta-ajJAta rUpa meM hiMsAdi pApakRtyoM meM pravRtti ho bhI jAtI hai to vaha sAdhaka tatkSaNa jAgarUka ho jAtA hai aura usa duSpravRtti meM apane ko kadApi TikAye nahIM rhtaa|' 25 vedya-saMvedya pada ke svAyatta ho jAne para apAya Adi kA nibandhana ho jAtA hai / apAya kA abhiprAya AdhyAtmika abhyudaya meM vighnotpAdaka bhogopabhoga rUpa vedya yA anubhava karane yogya padArtha usa buddhi dvArA kevala anubhUta mAtra kiye jAte haiM, jo AgamoM ke anuzIlana se vizuddha hai / vahA~ vedya padArthoM kA saMvedana, anubhavana hotA hai kintu unake prati sa - rAgAtmaka bhAva utpanna nahIM hotaa| kevala una padArthoM ke apane 23. yogadRSTi samuccaya, gA. 66, pR. 20 24. vahI, zloka 67 pR. 21 25. vahI, zloka. 70, pR. 22 16

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama svarUpa mAtra kA hI anubhava hotA hai| unameM sAdhaka kA mana bhaTakatA nahIM, zAstrapariSkRta buddhi kA yahI phala hai| vahA~ sAdhaka jJeya yA dRzya rUpa meM padArtha ko kevala dekhatA hai, unameM pravRtta nahIM hotaa| isa dRSTi kA nAma jo dIprA rakhA hai vaha bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa hai, kyoMki yaha vaha sthiti hai jaba anta:karaNa meM sadbodha udita hone lagatA hai| ataeva graMthakAra ne isa dRSTi kA bahuta hI vistAra ke sAtha varNana kiyA hai| dArzanika dRSTi se anyamatoM ke siddhAntoM ko bhI upasthita karate hue isa dRSTi kI upAdeyatA ko prakaTa kiyA hai| 5. sthirA dRSTi : jisameM sthairya-sthiratA yA TikAva ho use sthira kahA jAtA hai| pahale kI cAra dRSTiyoM meM sAdhaka apane dRSTikoNa ko parimArjita evaM parizodhita karatA huA jo kucha prApta karatA hai vaha saba isa dRSTi meM sthira ho jAtA hai| use vaha samyaktva prApta ho jAtA hai, jo phira vicchinna nahIM hotaa| yoga kA pA~cavA~ aMga pratyAhAra isa dRSTi meM prApta ho jAtA hai| sAdhaka ke citta meM sadviveka jAgRta rahatA hai| ata: usake yogasAdhanA mUlaka kriyAkalApa nirdhAnta yA nirdoSa hote haiN|26 yogasatra meM pratyAhAra ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki apane-apane viSayoM ke samprayoga yA sambandha se rahita hone para indriyoM para citta ke svarUpa meM tadAkAra yA tanmayasA ho jAnA pratyAhAra hai|27 yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma kA abhyAsa karane se mana aura indriyoM meM zuddhi kA saMcAra hotA hai| taba sAdhaka unako bAhyavRttiyoM se khIMca kara, sameTa kara, apane meM vilIna karane kA abhyAsa karatA hai| yaha pratyAhAra kI abhyAsa - dazA hai| jaba sAdhanA ke samaya yogI indriyoM ke viSayoM kA parityAga kara citta ko apane dhyeya meM lagAtA hai usa samaya indriyoM kA apane - apane viSayoM meM na jAkara citta meM tadAkAravat ho jAnA pratyAhAra ke siddha hone kA lakSaNa hai| yadi vaisI sthiti meM bhI indriyA~ pUrvatana abhyAsa yA saMskAra ke kAraNa bAhya viSayoM kA citra upasthita karatI raheM to yaha jAnanA cAhie ki pratyAhAra abhI ghaTita nahIM huaa| 26. yogadRSTi samuccaya, zloka. 154, pR. 46 27. pAtaMjala yogasUtra, 2.54

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama jaba pratyAhAra vastuta: siddha ho jAtA hai taba indriyA~ sarvathA sAdhaka ke vaza meM ho jAtI haiN| unakI svataMtratA kA sarvathA vilopa ho jAtA hai|28 sthirA dRSTi ke viSaya meM jJAtavya hai ki vaha niraticAra evaM sAticAra do prakAra kI batalAI gaI hai| aticAra kA artha doSa yA vighna hai| jo isase rahita hotI hai, vaha niraticAra hai| usameM jo darzana-samyagdarzana prApta hotA hai, vaha pratipAta-patanarahita hotA hai, eka rUpa meM vidyamAna rahatA hai| sAticAra dRSTi doSa yA vighnayukta hotI hai| usameM hone vAlA darzana nitya nahIM hotaa| kyoMki usameM nyUnatA-adhikatA AtI rahatI hai| vaha eka jaisA avasthita nahIM rhtaa| graMthakAra ne prArambha meM dRSTiyoM ko jo tRNa, gomaya, kASTha Adi kI agni kI dIpti se upamita kiyA hai vahA~ unhoMne sthirAdRSTi ko ratna kI prabhA ke sadRza batAyA hai| ratna kI prabhA yA jyoti sadA eka sI hI dIpti yukta rahatI hai, usI prakAra aticAra yA doSazUnya sthirA dRSTi meM darzana achinna tathA abAdha rahatA hai, nirantara dIptimaya rahatA hai| kintu eka sthiti yaha bhI hai ki yadi ratna mala Adi se lipta ho to usakI dIpti yatkiMcit avaruddha hotI rahatI hai, ekasI nahIM rahatI, kama-jyAdA hotI rahatI hai| sAticAra sthirAdRSTi meM bhI aisA hI hotA rahatA hai| aisA hone ke bAvajUda jaise mala yukta ratna kI prabhA mUla rUpa meM miTatI nahIM hai, usakI maulika sthiratA avasthita rahatI hai usI prakAra sAticAra sthirA dRSTi meM bhI darzanaviSayaka jyoti kI nyUnatA-adhikatA to rahatI hai, kintu mUlata: usakI sthiratA vinaSTa nahIM hotii| graMthakAra ne sthirA dRSTi kI vizeSatAoM kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki isa dRSTi ko prApta samyaktvI puruSa ke mahAmoharUpa tamomaya kaThora, karkaza granthi kA bhedana ho jAtA hai, vaha granthi TUTa jAtI hai| vaise prajJAzIla samyaktvI sAdhakoM kI samasta sAMsArika ceSTAe~, kriyAe~ tathA pravRttiyA~ usI prakAra anAsakti liye rahatI haiM jaise bAlakoM kI khela meM banAye gaye gharoM Adi ke prti| bAlaka krIr3A meM miTTI Adi ke ghara banAte haiM, kucha hI dera bAda unheM bikhera dete haiM kyoMki ve jAnate haiM ki yaha to krIr3A mAtra hai| ataeva unheM chinna-bhinna karate samaya unheM koI duHkha nahIM hotaa| samyagdRSTi sAdhaka sAMsArika karma karate hue bhI unameM Asakta, lipta yA pratibaddha nahIM hote| zAstrAnuzIlana janita vivekayukta jAgRta sAdhaka jaba aisI sthiti prApta kara letA hai to use apanA zarIra, gRha, parivAra, sampatti Adi bAhya padArtha mRga 28. vahI, 2.55 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 18 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama marIcikA, gaMdhavanagara yA svapna meM dekhe hue padArthoM kI jyoM kalpita aura ayathArtha pratIta hote haiN| mRgamarIcikA ke vAstavika rUpa ko nahIM jAnatA huA mRga usameM jala pAne ko apane prANa de detA hai kintu yadi vaha usakI vAstavikatA jAna le to usakI usa ora jarA bhI pravRtti nahIM hotii| isa dRSTi ko prApta sAdhaka jAgatika bhogoMpabhogAtmaka padArthoM kI vinazvaratA evaM kSaNabhaMguratA ko jJAta kara cukA hotA hai| isalie vaha unameM mohamUr3ha nahIM hotaa| vaha jAnatA hai ki saMsAra meM paramatattva antarAtmA meM dedIpyamAna jJAnamaya jyoti hai jo saba prakAra kI bAdhA, vighna yA pIr3A se vivarjita hai, na usameM koI roga hai, na doSa hai| bhAvAtmaka dRSTi se vaha sarvathA nIroga hai| usake atirikta anya sabhI padArtha anekAneka vighnoM se, doSoM se AplAvita haiN| aisA sAdhaka svapara kA bhedavijJAna prApta kara letA hai| usakI indriyA~ viSayoM se pratyAhRta ho jAtI haiN| usakI dharmArAdhanA meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii|29 Age unhoMne isI viSaya kA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai ki dhArmika kriyAoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa prApta sAMsArika sukhabhogamaya padArtha isa dRSTi ko prApta yogiyoM ke lie anarthakara hI siddha hote haiN| agni cAhe candana ke kASTha se utpanna ho to bhI sparza karane vAle ko to jalAtI hI hai|30 kAntA dRSTi : kAnta kA artha priya yA manojJa hai| isa dRSTi ko prApta yogI ke vyaktitva meM eka aisA sAtvika bhAvApanna vaiziSTya A jAtA hai ki usakA vyaktitva sahaja hI sabake lie bar3A kAnta prItijanaka ho jAtA hai, auroM ke mana meM use dekhate hI prIti umar3a par3atI hai| use prApta darzana avicchinna hotA hai|31 usake yoga kA chaThA aMga dhAraNA siddha ho jAtA hai|32 usameM adhyAtma ke atirikta anyAnya padArtha meM Ananda - sukha mAnane kI vRtti nahIM rahatI arthAt vaha tattvamImAMsA meM tattvoM kI sUkSma gahana 29. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka, 155-158 pR. 4748 30. vahI, 161 pR. 49 31. vahI, 162 pR. 50 32. pAtaMjala yogasUtra, 3.1 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwww. 19 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA anveSaNA, gaveSaNA meM abhirucizIla rahatA hai| jisakA pariNAma usake lie bar3A hitakara zreyaskara hotA hai / isa dRSTi meM yoga ke chaThe aMga 'dhAraNA' kI siddhi ho jAtI hai / aSTAMgayoga ke agale tIna aMga dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi yoga ke antaraMga yA Antarika aMga kahe gaye haiM / ye tInoM AtmA ke parama lakSya parinirvANa yA mukti ko sAdhane meM antataH sahAyaka siddha hote haiN| dhAraNA ke sambandha meM 'yogasUtra' meM kahA gayA hai ki prathama se pA~caveM taka ke yogAMgoM ko jaba sAdhaka yathAvat rUpa meM siddha kara letA hai taba vaha cintana-manana va ekAgratA ke rUpa meM sAdhanA ke sUkSma aura Antarika mArga kA avalambana karatA hai / samasta vAsanAoM, kAmanAoM va icchAoM kA ghara mAnava kA citta hai| koI kitanI hI bAharI kriyA-prakriyA, kArya-kalApa, karmakANDa sAdha le para jaba taka citta kI vizuddhi nahIM hotI taba taka sAdhanA meM saphalatA prApta nahIM hotI / dhAraNA kI paribhASA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki bAhara yA deha ke bhItara kisI eka sthAna para citta ko sthira karanA, ekAgra karanA, ThaharAnA dhAraNA hai / AkAza, sUrya, candra Adi citta ko sthira karane ke bAhya sthAna haiM / deha ke bhItara yoga siddhAntAnusAra parikalpita nAbhicakra, hRdaya kamala Adi deha ke antaH taH sthita sthAna haiM / ina donoM para sAdhaka abhyAsadazA meM mana ko TikA sakatA hai| jaba kAntA dRSTi prApta ho jAtI hai taba mana ko dhAraNAnurUpa sthira karane kI yogyatA sAdhaka meM A jAtI hai| isa dRSTi kA jo kAntA nAma diyA gayA hai usa para anya prakAra se bhI vidvAnoM ne cintana kiyA hai / kAntA kA eka artha pativratA mahilA bhI hai / vaisI mahilA apane samasta gRhakArya karate hue bhI pratikSaNa apanA mana pati meM hI lagAye rahatI hai| isI prakAra isa dRSTi meM sthita sAdhaka kA citta sAMsArika dAyitvavaza aneka kArya karate hue bhI zuddha dharma meM, adhyAtma meM, ArAdhanA meM lIna rahatA hai| khaNDa : paMcama -- yaha dRSTi yogI janoM ko bar3I kAnta, prItikara, priya yA manojJa lagatI hai| isa kAraNa ise kAntA nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| 7. prabhA dRSTi : prabhA dRSTi meM sAdhaka kI aisI mAnasikatA bana jAtI hai ki use dhyAna bahuta priya lagatA hai / aSTAMga yoga kA sAtavA~ aMga dhyAna use siddha ho jAtA hai / bhavaroga use pIr3A nahIM detA, rAga, dveSa evaM moha rUpa doSa traya se utpanna AtmopapIr3aka roga 20

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama se vaha bAdhita nahIM hotA / vaha tattva pratipatti-tattvAnubhUti kI dizA meM utsAhazIla, gatizIla hotA hai| vaha sahaja rUpa meM satpravRttiyoM kI ora AkRSTa rahatA hai / 33 'yogasUtra' meM maharSi pataMjali ne dhyAna kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai ki jahA~ citta ko lagAyA jAya usI meM pratyayaikatAnatA vRtti kA calate rahanA, eka tAra kI taraha usameM lage rahanA dhyAna hai / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa dhyeya vastu meM citta ko lagAyA jAya usI meM citta kA ekAgra honA, dhyeya mAtra kI eka hI prakAra kI vRtti kA pravAha kA calanA, usake bIca meM kisI bhI dUsarI vRtti kA utthita na honA dhyAna hai / 34 granthakAra ne likhA hai ki isa dRSTi ke upalabdha hone para dhyAnajanita sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai| sAdhaka ke lie dhyAna parizrAnti kA nahIM varan AnandAnubhUti kA viSaya bana jAtA hai| usake pariNAmasvarUpa zabda, rUpa, gandha, sparza Adi kAmaviSayoM ko vaha jIta letA hai| usakA vaha dhyAnAnanda viveka kI prabalatA se anuprANita hotA hai| usameM prazAnta bhAva kA bAhulya hotA hai / vaha svAtantrya kA anubhava karatA hai| usakA pAratantrya jo duHkhajanaka hai, miTa jAtA hai| sukha-dukha vAstava meM svatantratA va paratantratA ke sAtha hI jur3e hue haiN| vaha sukha puNyaprasUna - puNyoM ke udaya se utpanna sukha se bhI vilakSaNa hai| kyoMki puNyoM ke pariNAma svarUpa hone vAlA sukha bhI parAdhIna hai / puNya zubha pudgalAtmaka hai jo AtmA se bhinna hai, anya hai| usakA Azrita sukha tattvataH dukha hI hai| kyoMki duHkha kA lakSaNa paravazatA hai| puNya bhI to bandha hI hai| zrRMkhalA, ber3I cAhe lohe kI ho yA svarNa kI; bA~dhe jAne para to donoM kaSTaprada hI hotI haiN| jina mahAn sAdhakoM kA bodha nirmala hotA hai, unake dhyAna nirantara sadhatA jAtA hai / jisa taraha khAdyamizrita svarNa ko khAdya se alaga kara diyA jAtA hai to vaha sarvathA zuddha ho jAtA hai| use kalyANa zabda dvArA abhihita kiyA jAtA hai / usI prakAra bodha kI nirmalatA sarvathA kalyANakArI hotI hai| nirmala bodha aura Atmika Anandaprada dhyAna ke sadha jAne para sadpravRttipadamUlaka asaMgAnuSThAna, saba prakAra ke saMga 33. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka, 170, pR. 53 34. pAtaMjala yogasUtra, 3.2 21

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA AsaktiyoM se rahita vizuddha AtmAnucaraNa, asaMgAnuSThAna hai| bhautika, sAMsArika padArthoM ke sAtha vahA~ kisI bhI prakAra kA lagAva nahIM rhtaa| kisI bhI Alambana ke binA kevala bhoga kI ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| isalie yaha anAlambana yoga kahA jAtA hai| sAdhaka adhyAtma sAdhanA ko mahApathaprayANa se yojita karatA hai / adhyAtma sAdhanA ke mahAn abhiyAna meM gatizIlatA mahApathaprayANa hai| yaha mahApatha isalie hai ki isakA avalambana lekara agrasara hone para anAgAmI pada - vaha sthAna jise prApta kara vApasa nahIM AnA par3atA, jo janma-maraNa ke AvAgamana se rahita hai, zAzvata hai, prApta ho jAtA hai| yaha vaha pada hai jisako yogIjanoM ne bhinna nAmoM se prajJApita kiyA hai| sAMkhya darzana meM ise prazAntavAhitA, bauddha darzana meM viza-bhAga parikSaya tathA zaiva darzana meM dhruva, dhruvAdhva yA zivavartma kahA gayA hai| 35 - vidvAnoM ne prIti anuSThAna, bhakti anuSThAna, vacana anuSThAna aura asaMga anuSThAna ke rUpa meM anuSThAna cAra prakAra kA batalAyA hai| pahale kA AdhAra vizuddha prema hai, dUsarA pavitra bhakti para TikA huA hai| tIsarA Apta puruSoM kI vANI para avalambita hai| cauthA anAsakta bhAva ke AzrayaNa para avasthita hai| inameM asaMgAnuSThAna Atmetara padArthoM se atIta hone ke kAraNa sabase vilakSaNa hai / khaNDa : paMcama 8. parAdRSTi : parAzabda kA artha paramotkRSTa yA antima hai| isameM yoga kA AThavA~ aMga samAdhi siddha ho jAtA hai / 'yogasUtra' meM samAdhi ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jaba dhyAna meM kevala dhyeya mAtra hI pratIti kA viSaya rahatA hai, citta kA apanA svarUpa zUnya sA ho jAtA hai taba vaha dhyAna samAdhi ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai / dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ye tInoM kisI eka dhyeya padArtha meM jaba hote haiM to use saMyama kahA jAtA hai| jaba saMyama siddha ho jAtA hai to prajJA kA, buddhi kA Aloka yA prakAza prApta hotA hai / 36 samAdhi kI prApti sAdhanA kI parAkASThA hai yA carama lakSya haiN| yahA~ AThoM yogAMgoM ke mAdhyama se kiye jAne vAle udyama kA paryavasAna hotA hai / samAdhi sabIja 35. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka, 175-176, pR. 55 36. pAtaMjala yogasUtra, 3.5, pR. 70 22

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yA nirbIja ke rUpa meM do prakAra kI hai| zukladhyAna ke vivecana ke antargata yathAprasaMga isa sambandha meM carcA kI gayI hai| yaha AtmA kI parama zAnta, nirmala, nirdoSa, zuddha paramAnaMdamayI dazA hai| parAdaSTi meM samAdhi siddha ho jAne ke sAtha-sAtha AtmA AsaMga se sarvathA vivarjita ho jAtI hai| yahA~ AsaMga kA abhiprAya hai ki sAdhaka kA lagAva kisI eka hI yogakriyA ke sAtha Asakti liye nahIM rhtaa| usameM eka mAtra vaisI hI pravRtti yA AcaraNa sahaja rUpa meM vidyamAna rahatA hai jisase vizuddha paramatattva kA, paramAtmabhAva kA anubhava ho| isameM citta uttIrNAzraya ho jAtA hai| uttIrNa kA artha U~cA uTha jAnA hai| vaha sabhI AzrayoM se caitasika pravRttiyoM se, vAsanAoM se Upara uTha jAtA hai| vahA~ yogI nirAcArapada yukta hotA hai| vahA~ kisI AcAravizeSa ke anusaraNa kA prayojana nahIM rhtaa| vaha aticAra vivarjita hotA hai| kisI prakAra kA doSa usake sAdhanAmUlaka upakrama meM vyApta nahIM hotaa| jo vyakti apanI pahu~cane kI maMjila prApta kara cukA ho use Age bar3hane kI kabhI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| vaisI sthiti parAdRSTi meM sthita yogI kI hotI hai| vahA~ saba sahaja rUpa meM AtmAnubhAvita hotA hai, AtmAnusarita hotA hai| kyoMki yaha antarAtmAbhAva se paramAtmabhAva taka pahu~cane kI sthiti hotI hai|37 uparyukta tattva ko granthakAra ne ratnazikSA ke udAharaNa se spaSTa kiyA hai| ratna Adi ke viSaya meM zikSArthI jaba zikSA letA hai taba usakI jo dRSTi hotI hai, zikSA le cukane ke anantara arthAt ratna-parIkSaNa kI vidyA yA kalA meM nipuNa ho jAne para ratna Adi ke viyojana meM, kraya-vikraya Adi prayoga meM usakI dRSTi pahale se sarvathA bhinna hotI hai| kyoMki una donoM dRSTiyoM meM antara hai| zikSAkAla meM to vaha jijJAsu vidyArthI ke rUpa meM hotA hai| apanA jJAna vikasita karane kI bhAvanA usameM hotI hai| kintu kraya-vikraya ke samaya vaha usa sthiti se unnata hotA hai| vahA~ vaha apane upArjita jJAna ke AdhAra para nipuNatA aura kuzalatA kA prayoga karatA hai| __ parAdaSTi meM yogI vaisI hI niSNAta avasthA meM hotA hai| vaha una saba sImAoM ko pAra kara cukatA hai jo abhyAsa dazA meM upAdeya hotI haiN| yaha vaha sthiti hai jahA~ 37. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka - 178-179, pR. 55-56 23 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama yogI ko mukhya sAdhaka kI UrdhvagAmitA ke ananya hetu 'dvitIya apUrvakaraNa' kI upalabdhi hotI hai aura dharmasaMnyAsayoga niSpanna hotA hai jo pahale carcita huA hai| usake phalasvarUpa yogI ko utkarSaNazIla sadaiva zAzvata nirmala rahane vAlA patanarahita kevalajJAna adhigata hotA hai| jIva apanI ujjvala, svaccha, zuddha bhAvAtmaka pravRtti se candrajyotsnA ke sadRza hai tathA jJAnAvaraNa Adi kArmika AvaraNa megha ke sadRza zuddha svarUpamaya AtmA ko AvRta kiye rahate haiN| jaba AtmA ke mUlaguNoM kA ghAta karane vAle jJAnAvaraNa Adi karma yogarUpI vAyu ke AghAta se haTa jAte haiM, miTa jAte haiM, kSINa ho jAte haiM taba AdhyAtmika lakSmI se yukta sAdhaka kevalIpada prApta kara letA hai| usake ajJAna, nidrA Adi 18 doSa vilIna ho jAte haiN| vaha sarvajJa ho jAtA hai| samasta labdhiyoM, atizayoM se vaha paripUrNa ho jAtA hai| vaha apanA parama sAdhya sAdha letA hai aura yoga ke antima phala zailezI avasthA ko prApta kara letA hai| vaha parama puruSa ayogadvAsa - mAnasika, vAcika kAyika, yogoM-pravRttiyoM ke abhAva dvArA yoga kI sarvottama dazA adhigata kara avilamba saMsAra rUpa vyAdhi ko kSaya kara DAlatA hai, parama nirvANa prApta kara letA hai|38 / yogadRSTiyoM ke sAtha yogaguNa svIkAra evaMdoSa-vivarjana kA samanvaya : ____ AcArya haribhadra se pUrvavartI yoga- manISI bhagavaddatta ne adveSa-dveSazUnyatA, jijJAsA, yogatattva ko gaharAI se jAnane kI abhIpsA, zuzrUSA, yogaviSayaka siddhAntoM ko sunane kI icchA, zuzrUSA kA kriyAnvayana, zravaNa kara yogatattvoM kA svAyattIkaraNa, mImAMsA-sUkSma samIkSA, pratipatti-paryavekSita bodha kI svIkRti, pravRtti sahajAvasthA kI paripUrNatA ke rUpa meM ATha guNoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai jo kramaza: yogasAdhanA ke bhAvAtmaka vikAsa ke dyotaka haiN| ___ yogavettA bhadantabhAskara ne kheda-yogasAdhanA meM parizrAnti kA anubhava, udvega-mana meM uccATa kA udbhava, kSepa-mana kA yogasAdhanA se haTanA, utthAna-sAdhanA ke kendra se vicalita honA, bhrAnti-bhramajanita vipatha-gAmI bhAva, anyamuda-yogetara bhAva meM pramudita yA prasanna honA, ruk-Antarika asvasthatA, bhAvoM kI zithilatA, AsaMgaAsakta bhAva ke rUpa meM ATha doSoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, jo unnatizIla yogI ke sAdhanAkrama ke sAtha-sAtha kSINa hote jAte haiN| 38. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka - 180-186, pR. 56-59 ~~~~~~~~~~~mmmm 24 ~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama __ jaisA ki yathAprasaMga iMgita kiyA gayA hai ki AcArya haribhadrasUri ne AThoM dRSTiyoM ke siddha hote jAne ke sAtha-sAtha kramaza: zrI bhagavaddatta nirUpita guNoM ke niSpanna hone aura zrI bhadanta-bhAskara dvArA sUcita doSoM ke kSINa hone kA vizeSa rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai| uparyukta rUpa meM ATha dRSTiyoM ke mAdhyama se yogAbhyAsI puruSa pahale mithyAtva guNasthAna se apanI yogasAdhanA prArambha karatA hai| pahalI cAra dRSTiyA~ kramaza: AtmasammAna kI haiN| unameM vaha sat udyama aura adhyavasAya pUrvaka sAdhanArata rahatA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa use samyakbodha rUpa divya jyoti kA lAbha hotA hai| ye cAra dRSTiyA~ vikAlavarjana pUrvaka Age bar3hane kA upakrama liye rahatI haiN| Age kI cAra dRSTiyA~ AtmA ke vizuddhimUlaka upakrama ke sAtha jur3I huI haiN| parAdRSTi meM sAdhaka kA udyama sAphalya pA letA hai| nirmala, niSkalaMka, saumya, zItala candra kI jyoM usakI AtmA nirmalatA prApta kara letI hai| yahA~ eka prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hai ki dRSTivizeSa ke prApta hote hI yoga ke yama Adi aMga kaise siddha ho jAte haiM ? dRSTi to eka darzana hai, vIkSaNa hai| yama, niyama, Asana Adi to saba abhyAsApekSI haiN| yahA~ yaha bAta gaharAI se samajhane yogya hai ki granthakAra kA Azaya dRSTiprApti ke bAda vaisI uttama pavitra manodazA ke utpanna hone se hai jisameM yogAMgoM kI sAdhyatA niSpanna ho sakatI hai bazarte sAdhaka unake abhyAsa meM bhI udyata dRSTi ho| udyama, abhyAsa yA prayatna kI pRSThabhUmi hai| jisa prakAra nIMva ke binA koI vizAla aTTAlikA khar3I nahIM ho sakatI, usI prakAra vizuddha dRSTi ke binA yoga bhI yathArtha rUpa meM phalita nahIM ho sktaa| vahA~ Asana, prANAyAma Adi daihika dRSTi se to kriyAnvita ho jAte haiM kintu ve vyAyAma mAtra raha jAte haiN| Atmazreyaskara yoga ko samunnata karane meM unase bala nahIM miltaa| ve sarkasa meM dikhAye jAne vAle camatkAroM se bar3hakara nahIM hote| yogAMga sarkasa ke khela nahIM haiN| vahA~ Asanasiddhi se prApta, zArIrika sauvidhya AnukUlya AtmopakArI sAdhanA meM sahakArI hote haiN| zvAsa-prazvAsa kA gaticcheda prANavAyu ko AtmA kI UrdhvagAmitA meM sahAyaka banAtA hai| yadi aisA na ho to pratyAhAra bhI siddha nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki vahA~ indriyoM ko, mana ko sAMsArika viSayoM se khIMcakara, sameTakara citta para lagAnA hotA hai aura usake Age dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi tInoM aMga tabhI siddha ho sakate haiM jaba sAdhaka wmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 25 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA dvArA hue pichale yogAMga adhyAtmonmukha hoN| ye dRSTiyA~ yogAMgoM meM adhyAtma bhAva kA saMcAra karatI haiM jisase ye zarIra ke aMgopAMga tathA zvAsa- pravAsa ke vizodhana meM hI na raha kara Atmavizodhana ke sAtha jur3a sakeM / dRSTiyoM kI isI vizeSatA ke kAraNa inheM yoga ke kSetra meM AcArya haribhadrasUri kA eka vilakSaNa avadAna kahA jAtA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' meM yogiyoM ke bhedoM kI vizeSa rUpa se carcA kI hai| unhoMne gotrayoga, kulayoga, pravRtta - cakra yoga tathA niSpannayoga ke AdhAra para cAra prakAra ke yogiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne yaha batalAyA hai ki kulayogI aura pravRttacakrayogI hI isa grantha ke adhikArI haiN| sabhI yogI isake adhikArI nahIM haiM / jo yogiyoM ke kula meM utpanna hue haiM jinheM janma se hI yoga prApta haiM, jo prakRti se hI yoga kA anusaraNa karate haiM ve kulayogI kahe jAte haiM / kulayogiyoM kA aisA svabhAva hotA hai ki ve sarvatra adveSI hote haiM / gurujana, deva tathA jJAnI puruSa unheM sahaja hI priya hote haiN| ve unakA Adara karate haiN| ve dayAvAna vinayazIla, prabuddha tathA saMyatendriya hote haiN| 39 kulayogI kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jo yogI apane pUrvajanmoM meM yoga kI ArAdhanA karate-karate divaMgata ho jAte haiM, usa janma meM apanI sAdhanA ko pUrNarUpeNa niSpanna nahIM kara pAte, ve apane agrima janma meM pUrvajanma ke saMskAra liye hue hote haiN| isalie unako janma ke sAtha hI yoga prApta hotA hai / ve svayaM prerita hote haiN| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki kulayogI AnuvaMzI nahIM hote| yogiyoM kA koI kula nahIM hotaa| yahA~ kula zabda bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai| kula zabda ke sAtha uttamatA yA prazastatA kA bhAva jur3A huA hai| isalie kulavadhU, kulaputra ityAdi se uttama vadhU, uttama putra kA bhAva dhvanita hotA hai| isalie yogI zabda ke sAtha yahA~ kula zabda kA prayoga huA hai| AryakSetra ke antargata bhAratabhUmi meM utpanna hone vAle bhUmibhavya kahe jAte haiM / ve gotrayogI kI saMjJA se abhihita hue haiM arthAt isa bhUmi meM yogasAdhanA ke anurUpa upayukta sAdhanasAmagrI ke nimitta prApta hote haiM / kintu kevala bhUmi kI bhavyatA se hI yogasAdhanA niSpanna nahIM hotii| vaise loga yadi sAdhanA meM samudyata hote haiM to usameM Age bar3ha sakate haiM kyoMki kSetra ke kAraNa unameM tadanurUpa pAtratA hotI hai| khaNDa : paMcama cakra ke kisI eka bhAga para DaNDe ko lagAkara hilA dene para vaha sArA cakra 208-210, pR. 67 39. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka - 26

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama paricAlita hone lagatA hai, vaise hI jinakA yogacakra kisI anya dvArA saMprerita, saMspRzya hokara gatizIla hotA hai, tadanusAra jo sAdhaka yoga meM pravRtta hote haiM unheM pravRttacakrayogI kahA jAtA hai| aise yogI icchAyama, pravRttiyama ko sAdha cukate haiN| sthirayama evaM siddhiyama ko siddha karane kI tIvra utkaMThA liye rahate haiN| usa dizA meM prayatnazIla rahate haiN| unameM zuzrUSA-sattatvoM ko sunane kI Antarika tIvra AkAMkSA rahatI hai| ve manana-parizIlana pUrvaka sAvadhAnatA pUrvaka tattvazravaNa karate haiN| zravaNa kiye hae ko gRhIta karate haiM, grahaNa kiye hue kI avadhAraNA karate haiM, avadhAraNa karane para viziSTa jJAna utpanna hotA hai, bodha utpanna hotA hai| cintana, vimarza, zaMkA-samAdhAna karate haiN| aisA kara ve isakA nirAkaraNa karate haiN| tattvanirdhAraNa pUrvaka anta:sthita antarAtmabhAva kA anubhava karate haiN| ye pravRttacakrayogI avaMcaka traya meM se pahalA yogAvaJcaka prApta kara cukate haiN| usakA yaha prabhAva hotA hai ki unheM dUsare do kriyAvaMcaka va phalAvaJcaka bhI prApta ho jAte haiN| aise yogI hI yoga-prayoga ke adhikArI haiN| yoga AdhyAtmika vidyA yA vijJAna hai, isake adhikArI mAtra saMkSipta prayoga dvArA bhI isase aparimita lAbha uThA sakate haiM kintu anadhikAriyoM ko to hAni hI hotI hai|40 niSpannayogI ve haiM, jo yogasiddhi prApta kara sakate haiN| 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' meM yadyapi kevala do sau aTThAisa zloka haiM, kintu unameM yoga se saMbaMdhita anekAneka atyanta mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kA mArmika vizleSaNa huA hai, jo yoga ArAdhakoM ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| zataka : 'yogazataka' AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA eka sau eka prAkRta gAthAoM meM racita mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se isameM mahArASTrI prAkRta kA saMdarbha-prAJjala rUpa prApta hai| AcArya haribhadra jisa prakAra saMskRta ke eka praur3ha siddhahasta lekhaka the usI prakAra prAkRta meM bhI unakI lekhanI bar3e hI cAmatkArika rUpa meM gatizIla rhii| 'samarAiccakahA' unakI eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa kathAkRti hai, jisakA prAkRta vAGmaya meM apanA advitIya sthAna hai| lekhaka ne 'yogazataka' kA prArambha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke namaskAra rUpa maMgalAcaraNa se kiyA hai| vaha gAthA atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai 40. yogadRSTi samuccaya zloka - 212-213, pR. 69-70 wwwwwwwwwwwwwww 27 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA maUNa joginAhaM sujogasaMdasaMgaM mahAvIraM / vocchAmi jogalesa jogajjhayaNANusAreNa // yogiyoM ke nAtha, svAmI, ArAdhya, uttama AdhyAtmika yoga ke saMdarzaka, bhagavAna mahAvIra ko praNamana, namana kara maiM yogazAstroM ke adhyayana ke anurUpa saMkSepa meM yoga ko vivakSita vyAkhyAta karUMgA / isa gAthA meM yoga zabda kA cAra sthAnoM para prayoga 'huA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ko yogiyoM ke nAtha ke rUpa meM yahA~ abhihita kiyA gayA hai / sAtha-hI-sAtha unako uttama yoga kA mArgadarzaka batAyA hai| lekhaka ne yogaviSayaka Agama-zAstragranthoM ke adhyayana ke navanIta ke rUpa meM saMkSepa meM yoga kA vivecana karane kA bhAva prakaTa kiyA hai| isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki karttA AcArya ko yoga zabda kitanA priya evaM rucikara rahA / unhoMne sabase pahale nizcayayoga ke rUpa meM yoga kA vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai - naizcayika dRSTi se yoga ke sadjJAna Adi kA samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana tathA samyakcAritra ina tInoM kA AtmA ke sAtha jur3anA, sambaddha honA yoga hai| yoga ke pAragAmI mahAn sAdhakoM ne aisA batalAyA hai| usakI yogasaMjJA isalie hai ki vaha AtmA kA mokSa ke sAtha yojana karatA hai / 41 - khaNDa : paMcama Age unhoMne vyavahAra yoga kI carcA karate hue likhA hai ki kArya kA yadi kAraNa meM upacAra kiyA jAya to samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, samyakcAritra ke kAraNoM kA AtmA ke sAtha jo saMbaMdha ghaTita hotA hai, use bhI yoga kahA jAtA hai| tadanusAra dharmazAstra - pratipAdita vidhi ke anusAra gurujana ke prati vinayabhAva, unakI sevA, zuzrUSA, paricaryA, unake sAnnidhya meM rahate hue unase tattva - zravaNa kI utkaMThA, AtmasAmarthya ke anusAra zAstrokta vidhi - niSedha kA anusaraNa karate hue sadAcaraNa kA abhyAsa, ise vyavahArayoga kahA gayA hai / yaha yoga kA prAraMbha hai| isameM udyata rahatA huA sAdhaka kAlakrama se usa ora Age bar3hatA hai, uttarottara buddhi - prakarSa prApta karatA jAtA hai| yathA samyakjJAna darzana - cAritramUlaka nizcaya ko prApta kara letA hai / jaise eka vyakti apane iSTa, lakSita, abhIpsita nagara kI ora apanI zakti ke anurUpa jAtA hai taba use iSTapUrva pratIka kahA jAtA hai| usI prakAra jo sAdhaka jJAna Adi 41. yogazataka, zloka. 2, pR. 233 +-- 28

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ko, jinheM vaha aba taka upalabdha nahIM kara pAyA hai, pAne ke lie yathAzakti gatizIla rahatA hai, use yogI kahA jAtA hai| yadyapi lakSita nagara kI ora pathika pahu~cA nahIM haiM kintu pahu~cane meM kriyAzIla hai, usI prakAra vyavahArayogI bhI nizcaya yoga kI dizA meM parAkramazIla yogI kI paribhASA meM AtA hai|42 _ granthakAra ne yahA~ jainadarzana ke mUla sAdhanA-sUtra ratnatraya ko uddiSTa kara nizcaya aura vyavahAra yoga kI parikalpanA kI hai| vyavahAra yoga meM jo bhAva unhoMne vyakta kiyA hai vaha 'yogabindu' meM unake dvArA upadiSTa pUrvasevA ke Azaya se anusyUta hai| pUrvasevA aura vyavahArayoga sAdhaka kI jIvanacaryA ke ve bhAga haiM jinameM vaha apane vyaktitva kA nikhAra karane hetu udyata hotA hai| yaha sthiti yogarUpa kArya to nahIM hai kintu yoga kA kAraNa hai| kAraNa ko hI kArya ke rUpa meM AkhyAta karane kI eka vidhA hai| use kAraNa meM kAryopacAra kahA jAtA hai| vastuta: samyagjJAnadarzanacAritra kI ArAdhanA hI jainayoga kI sAdhanAkI mUla pRSThabhUmi hai| yama, niyama, dhyAna Adi sabake sAdhane kA yahI abhiprAya hai ki zraddhAna, bodha aura caraNa sarvathA pavitratA pA leN| kyoMki vaisA hue binA AtmA para chAye hue kArmika AvaraNa miTa nahIM paate| yoga ke adhikArI kA varNana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki adhikArI kA artha yogyatApUrvaka prayoga karane vAlA hai| use yaha samajhanA hotA hai ki jo upAya jisa kArya ko sampanna karane meM samartha hotA hai usI upAya dvArA usameM siddhi yA saphalatA prApta kI jA sakatI hai| usI kA abhIpsita zreSTha pariNAma AtA hai| yogasAdhanA meM yogya adhikArI yA sAdhaka ko yaha dhyAna rakhanA hotA hai ki vaha jisa sAdhana yA upAya ko grahaNa kare pahale usakI yathArthatA yA upayuktatA ko samajhe, samajhakara hI usameM saMlagna ho| tabhI uttama phala prasphuTita hotA hai| 'apunarbandhaka' Adi yogasAdhanA ke adhikArI haiN| karmaprakRtiyoM kI nivRtti yA kSayopazamajanya sthiti Adi ke anusAra yogasAdhanA kA adhikArIpanA yA yogyatA aneka prakAra kI hai|43 apunarbandhaka zabda yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se vivecanIya hai| jIva karmoM kA bandha karatA 42. vahI, zloka. 4-7, pR. 234 43. yogazataka, zloka. 8-9, pR. 235 cmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 29 mmmmmmmmmmm~~~~

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama hai / kaSAyoM kI tIvratA yA mandatA ke AdhAra para karmoM kI avadhi tathA phala dene kI zakti ghaTita hotI hai| phala kI kaTutA yA madhuratA kaSAyoM kI tIvratA yA mandatA ke 'anusAra hotI hai| karma kI kAlAvadhi bhI usI ke anurUpa lambI yA choTI hotI hai| jainadarzana meM pratyeka karma kI jaghanya yAnI kama-se-kama aura utkRSTa yAnI adhika-se-adhika do prakAra kI kAlAvadhi svIkAra kI gaI hai| karmoM ke ATha bheda haiM / unameM mohanIya sabase pradhAna hai| mohanIya kI adhikatama kAlAvadhi sattara koTAnukoTi sAgaropama hai / jisa jIva ke kaSAya atyanta tIvratA liye rahate haiM vaha isI kAlAvadhi ke mohanIya karma kA baMdha karatA hai| jinakA kaSAya jitanA maMda hotA hai unake karmabaMdha kI kAlAvadhi utanI hI kama hotI hai| kaSAyabandha kA eka aisA krama bhI hai jaba jIva kA karmabaMdha atyadhika halkA hotA hai taba jIva carama pudgalaparAvartana kI sthiti meM hotA hai| usake pariNAmasvarUpa vaha pUrNa utkRSTa sthiti ke mohanIya karma kA bandha nahIM krtaa| jainadarzana meM usakI apunarbandhaka saMjJA hai, use zuklapAkSika bhI kahA jAtA hai| kyoMki taba AtmA ke svAbhAvika guNoM kI zuklatA yA ujjvalatA prakAza meM Ane lagatI hai / apunarbandhakatva kI sthiti prApta ho jAne ke bAda jIva sanmArgAbhimukha ho jAtA hai / usakI moharAgAtmaka saghana karmagranthi ucchinna ho jAtI hai, mithyAtva miTa jAtA hai, samyaktva prApta ho jAtA hai| vaha jIva Atmarati aura paraviratimUlaka satpatha para agrasara hotA hai| yaha vaha sthiti hai jahA~ vaha yoga kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai / vaha yathAvidhi yoga ko sAdhatA jAtA hai aura antata: apanI sAdhanA ko saphala kara letA hai| use usakA prAptavya prApta ho jAtA hai / yoga ke ArAdhakoM ke saMbaMdha meM vizeSa mArgadarzana dete hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki cittavRtti kA nirodha, puNyAtmaka kuzala - uttama, sad pravRtti mokSa se yojana ityAdi ke rUpa meM yoga ke bhinna-bhinna lakSaNa prarUpita hue haiN| ve apanI-apanI paramparA ke anurUpa samucita anuSThAna meM ghaTita hote haiM kintu eka bAta vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna meM rakhane yogya hai ki dUSita dhyAna aura saMkleza se yukta saMskAroM kA abhAva honA caahie| jahA~ saMkleza hotA hai vahA~ yoga ke lakSaNa phalita nahIM hote / jaba dhyAna doSarahita hotA hai, vidhivat hotA hai, citta ke saMskAra saMkleza varjita hote haiM taba apanI-apanI yogyatAnusAra sAdhakoM dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA yogAbhyAsa yA sAdhanA kA upakrama parizuddha hotA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI apekSita hai ki mArgadarzaka guru, bhinna-bhinna lakSaNoM se unakI 30

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama 1 bhUmikAoM ko jAneM, jinake lie jaisA samucita samajheM vaise sAdhanApatha kA upadeza kreN| jo suyogya cikitsaka hote haiM ve bhinna-bhinna rogiyoM kI zArIrika sthiti, unakI pravRtti kA bhalI-bhA~ti nidAna kara, parIkSaNa kara auSadhi dete haiM / auSadhi kI mAtrA, anupAna, auSadhi sevana kAla meM pathya- paraheja ityAdi sabhI bAtoM ko ve dRSTi meM rakhate hue jisa rogI ko jisa prakAra kI cikitsA, auSadhi Adi apekSita hotI hai, vaisI hI vyavasthA karate haiN| 44 NPN - - yoga kA mArga sAdhakoM ke lie parama zreyaskara hai, sugama hai, AtmA ke lie AhlAdakArI hai kintu sAtha hI sAtha vaha aisA hai jisa para bar3I hI jAgarUkatA evaM sAvadhAnatA se calanA vAMchita hai| isalie yaha Avazyaka hai ki sAdhaka suyogya, jJAnI, anubhavI guru kA sAnnidhya prApta kare aura unase sabhI tattvoM ko hRdayaMgama kre| guru bhI sAdhaka kI pAtratA kA parIkSaNa kara use usa abhyAsa meM niyojita kre| aisA hone se yoga se amRtopama phala niSpanna ho sakatA hai, tabhI vaha kalpavRkSa aura cintAmaNiratna siddha ho sakatA hai| AcAryazrI ne dainaMdina jIvana ke zAlInatApUrNa kArya, pArasparika - sAttvika vyavahAra, vinaya, saumanasya, RjutA Adi kA bhI vibhinna prasaMgoM meM vivecana kiyA hai jinase yogasAdhanA suzobhita hotI hai / antarjIvana evaM bahirjIvana donoM hI aise hone cAhiye jinase auroM ko preraNA mile| AcArya haribhadra kA isa ora bahuta hI dhyAna rahA hai ki yoga se pratyeka vyakti ko yaha preraNA mile ki vaha sabake samakSa zreSTha dhArmika jana ke rUpa meM prastuta ho 1 sAdhanA kA phala vartamAna jIvana kA sudhAra aura vikAsa hai / yogaviMzikA 'yogaviMzikA' AcArya haribhadrasUri kI bIsa prAkRta gAthAoM meM eka saMkSipta racanA hai| bhAratIya sAhitya meM viMzikAoM kA vizeSata: jaina sAhitya meM bIsa-bIsa padyoM meM racita kRtiyoM kA vizeSa krama rahA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne bIsa gAthAoM meM yoga kA eka nayI zailI meM vivecana kiyA hai| vaha vAstava meM paThanIya evaM mananIya 44. yogazataka, zloka. 22-23, 24, pR. 241 31

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki sabhI parivizuddha dharmavyApAra-dhArmika kriyAkalApa sAdhanAmUlaka udyama, jJAna, tapa Adi kI ArAdhanA yoga meM samAviSTa hai| kyoMki ve AtmA ko mokSa ke sAtha jor3ate haiN| yoga kA artha hI jor3ane ke sAtha jur3A hai| kintu yahA~ vizeSa rUpa se sthAna Adi se sambaddha dharmavyApAra ko uddiSTa kara yoga ko vyAkhyAta kiyA jA rahA hai|45 lekhaka jisa yoga kA varNana karanA cAhate haiM usake lie unhoMne kevala "ThANAigao" pada kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI ne ThANAigao kA artha sthAna kiyA hai| upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI dvArA kI gaI vyAkhyA ke anusAra yahA~ sthAnagata se granthakAra kA abhiprAya sthAna, Asana, dhyAna Adi se hai| Age unhoMne likhA hai ki yogataMtra-yogazAstra meM sthAna, UrNa, artha, Alambana tathA anAlambana yoga ke ye pA~ca bheda pratipAdita hue haiN| inameM prArambha ke do karmayoga tathA bAda ke tIna jJAnayoga meM samAviSTa haiN|46 'sthIyate iti sthAnam' sthAna kA artha sthita hotA hai| yoga meM Asana zabda jisa artha meM prayukta hotA hai, usI artha meM sthAna kA prayoga huA hai| Asana ke lie sthAna zabda kA prayoga adhika upayukta pratIta hotA hai| Asana kA artha baiThanA hai, kintu sabhI Asana baiThakara nahIM kiye jAte, ve bhinna-bhinna sthitiyoM meM kiye jAte haiN| una saba ke lie sthAna zabda adhika prayukta hotA hai| jainazAstroM meM Asana ke lie prAya: 'ThANa' zabda dRSTigocara hotA hai| 'UrNa' zabda kA artha sAmAnyata: Una hai| yahA~ UrNa zabda kA prayoga bahuta hI saMkSipta sUtrAtmaka zabda samavAya ke lie kiyA gayA hai jisakA yogI apanI eka vizeSa bhUmikA meM samuccAraNa karatA jAtA hai| Aja hameM isa prakAra ke prayoga kA koI rUpa prApta nahIM hotA kintu isa ullekha se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki aise saMkSipta padAtmaka sUtra rahe hoM, jinake avyakta uccAraNa, saMsmaraNa dhyAna meM bahuta upayogI rahe hoN| arthayoga kA abhiprAya viziSTa zabdasamUha 45. yogaviMzikA - 1, pR. 267 46. yazoviMzikA - 2, pR. 267 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 32 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama meM garbhita artha ke avabodha kA udyama-prayatna hai| aisA anumeya hai ki yogasammata anta:preraka zabdavizeSa kA Azaya avabuddha karane kA anta:prayatna antarAtmA meM calate rahane kA koI vizeSa krama mAnya rahA ho jisase sAdhanA meM saMsmRti kA udaya ho| Alambana yoga kA abhiprAya dhyAna meM bAhya Alambana yA pratIka kA AdhAra lekara abhyAsarata honA hai| anAlambanayoga kA abhiprAya dhyAna meM mUrta padArthoM kA Alambana yA sahArA na lenA hai| yaha dhyAna nirvikalpaka, cinmaya yA samAdhimaya hotA hai| ina pA~coM meM se pahale aura dUsare ko jo kriyAyoga kahA gayA hai usakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki ina donoM meM kriyA kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| Age ke tInoM kA saMbaMdha cintana evaM ekAgratA ke sAtha hai jo jJAna ke viSaya haiN| inameM Alambana aura anAlambana ye donoM jJAnaprasUta dharmasAdhanA ke paricAyaka haiN| lekhaka ne ina pA~ca meM se pratyeka ke icchA, pravRtti, sthiratA aura siddhi ke rUpa meM cAra-cAra bheda kiye haiM jo inake adhikAdhika vikAsa ke dyotaka haiN|47 isa prakAra yoga ke bIsa bheda ho jAte haiN| jinake sthAnAdi yoga hotA hai, jo usameM abhyAsarata rahate haiM unakA anuSThAna sadanuSThAna hai prema-prIti, bhakti, Agama tathA asaMgatA ke rUpa meM usake cAra bheda haiM ina bhedoM se anuSThAna kI uttarottara pavitratA divyatA pratiphalita hotI hai| jaba sAdhaka kI yogAbhyAsa meM itanI adhika prIti utpanna ho jAya ki use anya samasta kriyAoM kI apekSA usI kriyA meM atyanta utsukatApUrvaka bhAva se saMlagna rahane kI mAnasikatA banI rahe to use prIti anuSThAna kahA jAtA hai| sAdhaka kA AlambanAtmaka viSaya ke prati atyanta Adara buddhipUrvaka tIvrotsAha ke sAtha saMlagna rahanA, tatsaMbaMdhI kriyA meM prayatnazIla rahanA bhakti anuSThAna hai| Agama yA zAstra vacana kI ora dRSTi rakhate hue yogI kA sAdhanAnurUpa samucita pravRttizIla honA AgamaanuSThAna hai| jaba yogI ke saMskAra sAdhanA meM dRr3hatApUrvaka samAhita ho jA~ya yA unameM tanmaya ho jA~ya aura vaisA karate samaya zAstra kA smaraNa karane kI koI apekSA 47. yogaviMzikA - 4, pR. 269 48. vahI, 17, pR. 273 49. yoga viMzikA, 18, pR. 273 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 33 ~~~~~ sadA .

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA hI na rahe, sAdhanA jIvana meM ekarasatA ko prApta kara le taba use asaMgAnuSThAna kahA jAtA hai 1 sAlambana tathA uparyukta bIsa bhedoM meM se pratyeka ke ye cAra - cAra bheda hote haiM / isa prakAra yoga ke kula assI bheda ho jAte haiM / granthakAra ne prastuta kRti ke anta meM likhA hai ki isameM jo vivecana kiyA gayA hai usake anusAra dhyAna ke do bheda haiM anaalmbn| Alambana bhI mUrta tathA amUrta ke rUpa meM do prakAra kA hai| mUrta sthUla evaM indriyagamya hai| amUrta sUkSma hotA hai isalie vaha indriyagamya nahIM hotA / sAlambana dhyAna kA abhyAsa mUrta Alambana ke AdhAra para kiyA jAtA hai / khaNDa : paMcama analambana dhyAna meM amUrta Alambana hotA hai / muktAtmA, siddha paramezvara amUrta Alambana hai| unako dhyeya mAnakara kiyA gayA dhyAna, unake guNoM se anubhAvita tathA sUkSma indriyAtIta hone se anAlambana yoga kahA jAtA hai| jaba yaha yoga siddha ho jAtA hai taba sAdhaka moharUpI sAgara ko taira jAtA hai| sAdhaka kSapaka zreNI para ArUr3ha hotA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa usake kevalajJAna udbhAsita tA hai| usake mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika pravRtti mAtra ke abhAva rUpa yoga kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| yogI apanI sAdhanA kA antima lakSya parama nirvANa prApta kara letA hai| 50 AcArya haribhadra ne 'yogaviMzikA' meM 'mokkheNa joyaNAo jogo' likha kara isa amUlya kRti kA prArambha kiyA hai jo atyanta saMkSipta zabdoM meM yoga kI vyApaka paribhASA hai| usake anantara bhedopabhedoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| yoga dvArA ayoga rUpa parama sAdhya ko prApta karane ke rUpa meM isa kRti kA paryavasAna kiyA hai| mAtra bIsa gAthAoM meM unhoMne jitanA jo kahA hai vaha gAgara meM sAgara bharane jaisA hai / 'yogaviMzikA' meM - sthAna, UrNa Adi ke rUpa meM jo vivecana unhoMne kiyA hai vaha itanA sUkSma aura gaMbhIra hai ki usa para svataMtra rUpa se zodha karane kI AvazyakatA hai| lekhaka ne yoga ko jo assI bhedoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai vaha unakI sUkSma dRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| icchA, pravRtti, sthiratA, siddhi evaM prIti, bhakti, Agama aura asaMgatA ke AdhAra para unhoMne bhedoM kI yaha jo saMracanA kI hai use hRdayaMgama kara sAdhaka yogasAdhanA meM bar3A sambala prApta 50. yoga viMzikA, 19-20, pR. 274-275 34

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kara sakatA hai, sphUrtizIla bana sakatA hai| yogabindu : __'yogabindu' AcArya haribhadra kI saMskRta meM dUsarI kRti hai| isakI racanA 527 zlokoM meM huI hai| isameM yoga kA svarUpa, bheda, usakA mAhAtmya, adhyAtma, loka, prakRti, pUrvasevA, asadanuSThAna - sadanuSThAna kA svarUpa, bhAgya tathA puruSArtha, dhyAna, samatA, sAsrava evaM anAsrava yoga, japa, pratikramaNa ityAdi viSayoM kA jinakA yoga se saMbaMdha hai, vizleSaNa huA hai| yoga ke mukhya aMga dhyAna ke sAtha inakA kisIna- kisI rUpa meM saMbaMdha hai| granthakAra ne yoga ko sAdhaka ke jIvana kA mahattvapUrNa aMga mAnA hai| yogA kA mAhAtmya : unhoMne yoga kI mahattA pratipAdita karate hue likhA hai ki yoga zreSTha kalpavRkSa evaM uttama cintAmaNi ratna ke samAna hai| jinheM kalpavRkSa evaM cintAmaNi ratna prApta hotA hai unakI sabhI icchAe~ tatkSaNa paripUrNa ho jAtI haiM, usI prakAra jo sAdhaka yoga ko sAdha letA hai vaha AtmotkarSa kI dRSTi se AptakAma ho jAtA hai| yoga saba dharmoM meM, dharmArAdhanAoM meM pramukhatA liye hue hai| yaha siddhi, mukti ko gRhIta karane vAlA hai, arthAt mokSa kA ananya hetu hai| janma-AvAgamana rUpa bIja ke lie, use jalA DAlane ke lie yoga agni ke samAna hai| yaha vArdhakya kA bhI vArdhakya hai arthAt yogI kabhI vRddha nahIM hotA, vRddhatva se utpanna hone vAlA anutsAha, nairAzya, daurbalya, yogI meM vyApta nahIM hotaa| duHkhoM ko miTAne ke lie yaha rAjayakSmA roga ke sadRza hai aura mRtyu kI bhI mRtyu hai arthAt yogI kI kabhI mRtyu nahIM hotI, kyoMki yoga usakI AtmA ko mokSa ke sAtha yojita karadetA hai, jor3a detA hai| yoga rUpI kavaca ke dvArA jaba sAdhaka apane citta ko Avata kara letA hai taba tapa ko bhI chinna - bhinna kara dene vAle kAmadeva ke tIkSNa bANa usase TakarAkara kuMThita ho jAte haiM, zaktizUnya aura niSprANa ho jAte haiN| yoga rUpa do akSara zravaNa karane vAle ke pApoM kA vidhvaMsa ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra agni ke yoga se, agni meM tapAne se malinatA yukta svarNa zuddha ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 35 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA jAtA hai usI prakAra yoga rUpI agni se avidyA yA ajJAna se malina AtmA zuddha ho jAtI hai| 51 granthakAra ne yoga kA jo itanA vaiziSTya apane grantha ke prAraMbhika bhAga meM batAyA hai, usakA yaha Azaya hai ki loga, jijJAsu pAThaka evaM sAdhaka isa ora pravRtta hoM / jo inhoMne yoga kI mahattA kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai vaha jyoM-kA-tyoM phalita ho sakatA hai yadi sAdhaka niSThApUrvaka yoga kI ArAdhanA kare / AcArya haribhadra ne 'yogabindu' meM pUrva-sevA ke rUpa meM yogI ke una karttavyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jo use yogasAdhanA meM Ane se pahale svAyatta kara lene caahie| unhoMne 'bindu' ke zloka 109 se 130 taka isa para vizeSa rUpa se prakAza DAlA hai / isameM una saba uttama kAryoM kA unhoMne vidhAna kiyA hai, jo AdhyAtmika aura laukika kalyANa kI dRSTi se karaNIya haiN| yogI ke vyaktitva meM eka aise saujanya, saumanasya, sauhArda, Arjava, mArdava Adi kA bhAva samutpanna ho ki vaha Atmazreyas ke sAtha-sAtha, jana-jana ke lie preraNAspada bana jAye / AcArya haribhadra ne 'yogabindu' meM dhyAna kA lakSaNa aura usake uttarottaragAmI pA~ca bhedoM kA pratipAdana karate hue likhA hai ki jo mokSa meM jor3atA hai vaha yoga hai| adhyAtma, bhAvanA, dhyAna, samatA aura vRttisaMkSaya usake uttarottara vikAsonmukha caraNa haiM / 52 khaNDa : paMcama granthakAra ke anusAra parama lakSya mokSa hai jahA~ AtmA kA karmarUpa bandhanoM se chuTakArA ho jAtA hai| jo sAdhanAkrama sAdhaka ko usake parama lakSya mokSa taka pahu~cAtA hai, mokSa ke sAtha samAyukta, samAyojita karatA hai, vaha yoga hai| usakI phalaniSpatti yA siddhi kramaza: adhyAtma Adi pA~ca rUpoM meM Age se Age prasphuTita hotI jAtI hai| adhyAtma kA abhiprAya hai saMsArapravaNa bhautika AkarSaNa se chUTakara AtmaniSTha honA / punaH - punaH usameM anubhAvita honA bhAvanA hai| dhyeya para ekAgra honA dhyAna hai / prANimAtra, padArtha mAtra ke sAtha samatva kA bhAva honA samatA hai tathA bAhya vRttiyoM kA, saMcita karmoM kA kSaya kara zuddhAtma bhAva kA lAbha vRttisaMkSaya hai / yaha sAdhaka kI eka 51. yoga bindu, 37-41, pR. 90-91 52. yoga bindu, 31, pR. 89 + 36 Prod

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khaNDa : paMcama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama aisI antaryAtrA hai jo usake jIvana ko saphala banA detI hai| yoga isa antaryAtrA kA saMvAhaka hai| phira unhoMne tAttvika, atAttvika, sAnubandha, niranubandha, sAsrava, anAsrava ke rUpa meM chaha bhedoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai|53 yathAprasaMga dhyAna kA bhI isa grantha meM varNana huA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki zubha pratIkoM para ekAgra honA, unakA Alambana lekara citta ko sthira karanA dhyAna hai| vaha sthira pradIpa ke dIpaka kI susthira jyoti ke samAna prakAzamaya hotA hai| sAtha-hI-sAtha vaha sUkSma evaM anta:praviSTa Atma cintana se samAyukta hotA hai| dhyAna ke sadha jAne para vasitA, AtmavasitA, AtmaniyaMtraNa yA jitendriyatva sadha jAtA hai aura usakI saba para akSuNNa prabhAvazIlatA hotI hai, mAnasika sthiratA niSpanna hotI hai| saMsArAnubandha-bhava-paramparA, AvAgamana kA cakra ucchinna ho jAtA hai, unmukta bhAva siddha hotA hai| AcArya haribhadra sUri mahAn dArzanika aura prakANDa paNDita the| jaina, sAMkhya, yoga, nyAya, vaizeSika, bauddha, mImAMsA Adi lagabhaga sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM para unakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne 'yogabindu' meM yoga sAdhanA ke saMdarbha meM AtmA, paramAtmA, mokSa ityAdi viSayoM kA vibhinna dArzanika dRSTikoNoM se vivecana kiyA hai| isase viSaya kI tAttvika pRSThabhUmi paripuSTa hotI hai| kyoMki sAdhanA, abhyAsa yA kriyA tattvabodha yA tattvadarzana se paripuSTa hokara vizeSa Urjasvala bana jAtI hai| mazakaprakaraNa : AcArya haribhadrasUri ne 'paJcAzaka prakaraNa' meM dasaveM upAsaka pratimAvidhi paJcAzaka meM kAyotsarga pratimA kA svarUpa batAte hue kahA hai ki cAra pratimA vidhi kA jJAtA zrAvaka aSTamI aura caturdazI meM sampUrNa rAtri kAyotsarga pratimA meM sthita rahe aura kaSAyoM ko jItane vAle aura trilokapUjya jinoM kA dhyAna kare athavA apane rAgAdi doSoM kI AlocanA rUpa dhyAna kre| isa pratimA kA utkRSTa kAla pA~ca mAha hai| isI grantha ke unnIsaveM tapovidhi paJcAzaka meM Abhyantara tapa ke antargata dhyAna 53. yoga bindu, 32, pR. 89 54. vahI, 362-363, pR. 181 55. paMcAzaka prakaraNa 10-17-19

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AcArya haribhadra sUri ke granthoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA khaNDa : paMcama kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai|56 __citta kI ekAgratA dhyAna hai| Arta, raudra, dharma, zukla ye cAra bheda haiN| inameM se prathama do saMsAra ke aura antima do mokSa ke kAraNa haiM, isalie antima do hI dhyAna rUpa tapa haiN| AcArya haribhadra sUri kRta yogagranthoM kA parizIlana - paryavekSaNa karane para jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMne 'dhyAna yoga' ke vikAsa meM eka naye adhyAya kA sUtrapAta kiyaa| haribhadra kA yogaviSayaka vargIkaraNa pUrvavartI jaina sAhitya meM prApta nahIM hai| anya yogagranthoM se bhI unhoMne udhAra nahIM liyA hai balki yoga kI paddhatiyoM aura paribhASAoM kA jaina paddhatiyoM se samanvaya sthApita kara jainayoga ke vikAsa meM eka nayI dizA pradAna kI hai| jaina aura yoga paramparA ke saMyukta prabhAva se unhoMne vargIkaraNa kI yojanA kI hai| jaina paramparA meM yoga zabda kA sarvaprathama prayoga AcArya haribhadra sUri dvArA kiyA gayA hai| unhoMne yoga ko paribhASita karate hue kahA hai ki mokSa-prApti ke lie jo dharmakriyA athavA vizuddha vyApAra kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dharmavyApAra yoga hai| apane yoga - granthoM meM vibhinna sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA unhoMne samanvaya kiyA hai| isa samanvaya meM unhoMne jaina sAdhanA paddhati ke caraNoM 14 guNasthAnoM kA maharSi pataMjali kI tathA anya yaugika paddhatiyoM ke sAtha tulanAtmaka svarUpa prastuta kiyA hai| apane sarvagrAhI dRSTikoNa se unheM svIkRta kara jaina sAdhanA paddhati kA vikAsa kiyA hai| pataMjali ne aSTAMga yoga kI paddhati batalAyI to AcArya haribhadra sUri ne 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' meM AThadRSTiyoM kA nirUpaNa kara unakI aSTAMga yoga se tulanA kii| pataMjali ke yogadarzana meM samAdhi ke do prakAra nirUpita haiM - samprajJAta samAdhi aura asamprajJAta samAdhi / AcArya haribhadra sUri ne yoga ke pA~ca prakAra batalAye - adhyAtma, bhAvanA, dhyAna, samatA aura vRttisNkssy| prathama cAra prakAroM kI tulanA samprajJAta samAdhi se aura aMtima kI tulanA asamprajJAta samAdhi se kI gaI hai| isa prakAra AcArya haribhadra sUri ne pataMjali ke yogadarzana kI paribhASAoM kA jainIkaraNa kiyaa| tulanA karane ke lie unhoMne naye zabdoM ko gar3hA aura donoM meM sAmaMjasya sthApita kiyaa| 56. vahI, 19.3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 38 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki unhoMne yuga parivartana ke sAtha sAtha badalate hue mAnasa ko samajhA aura cAhA ki prAcIna sAdhanAkramoM ko vistAra diyA jaae| yugIna apekSAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue AcAryazrI ne kucha naye prayoga kiye| naI dizAe~ aura sAdhakoM ke lie vikAsa kI naI bhUmikAe~ pradAna kIM / AcArya haribhadra sUri se pahale vIra nirvANa kI terahavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha taka dhyAna kI maulika paddhati pratipAdita hotI rahI, jo mahAvIra ke yuga meM pracalita thI / unake rahasya vismRta ho gaye the aura vistAra kama ho gayA thA aura jo cala rahA thA usakA nayA saMskaraNa nahIM huA thA / AcArya haribhadrasUri ne jaina sAdhanA paddhati kA nayA saMskaraNa kara jaina paramparA meM yoga kI nayI dhArA pravAhita kI arthAt usakA vikAsa kiyA / khaNDa : paMcama 39

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama C OMINDocMANO (khaNDa : - SaSTha) - AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza AcArya zubhacandra : jJAnArNava - dhyAnayoga - dhyAnasiddhi-sAdhyatA/ asAdhyatA dvAdaza bhAvanAe~ - dhyAna kA svarUpa - dhyAtA kI yogyatA - dhyAna ke bheda- maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya, mAdhyasthya bhAvanA, dhyAnayogya sthAna, Asana, prANAyAma pratyAhAra, dhAraNA - samudghAta prkriyaa| tritattva - ziva, garur3a, kaamtttv| AcArya bhAskaranandi : dhyAnastava . AcArya somadeva kRta : yogamArga . AcArya somadeva kRta : yazastilakacampU

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza PPP - khaNDa: - SapTha 1. jJAnArNava 42.87 sAhityadarpaNa 6.315 2. zubhacandra bhAskaranandi va "sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza AcArya zubhacandra : jaina paramparA ke suprasiddha tattvajJAnI adhyAtmayogI mahAn kavi AcArya zubhacandra racita 'jJAnArNava' jainayoga vAGmaya meM pratiSThApanna mahanIya kRti hai / dhyAna, AtmA ke jJAnaguNa ko samagra rUpa meM prakaTa karane vAlA hai ataeva dhyAna aura jJAna kA kArya-kAraNa bhAva ke rUpa meM avicchinna sambandha hai / AcArya ne apane isa dhyAnapradhAna zAstra ko jJAna viSaya kA grantha mAnakara ise 'jJAnArNava' nAma diyA hai / viSaya kI apekSA yaha dhyAna kA samudra hI hai / isameM dhyAna ke sabhI pakSoM kA evaM usake sahayogI sAdhanoM kA vistRta varNana huA hai| svayaM AcArya ne bhI ise 'dhyAnazAstra' 1 kahA hai| AcArya zubhacandra jainavidyA meM parama niSNAta the, bar3e hI titikSAparAyaNa sAdhaka the aura adhyAtmayoga ke vivecaka the| isake atirikta ve janmajAta vilakSaNa pratibhA ke dhanI kavi bhI the| unhoMne 'jJAnArNava' meM dhyAna sAdhanA sambandhI nigUr3ha viSayoM kA sarasa kAvyAtmaka zailI meM jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha vAstava meM unakI urvarA kavitvazakti kA paricAyaka hai| dhyAnazAstra likhate hue bhI sambhavataH unake mana meM mahAkAvyatva kA unmeSa rahA ho| 'sargabandho mahAkAvyam 2 ke anusAra mahAkAvya kI racanA sargabaddha hotI hai / 'jJAnArNava' kA vibhAjana bhI sargoM ke rUpa meM hai| yaha 42 sargoM meM racA gayA eka mahAkAvyAtmaka dhyAnayoga viSayaka adbhuta grantha hai| isameM bhASA kI praur3hatA ke sAtha prasAda evaM mAdhurya guNa kA bhI adbhuta samanvaya hai / jisa kisI viSaya sAtha khaNDa : SaSTha Ph 2

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ko unhoMne nirUpaNArtha gRhIta kiyA hai usakA bar3e hI sundara AkarSaka evaM suSThu rUpa meM paryavasAna bhI kiyA hai| AcArya ne apane isa grantha meM padyAtmaka zailI ke sAtha-sAtha gadyAtmaka zailI kA prayoga bhI kiyA hai| unake padyoM meM sarasatA hai, pravAha hai| bhASA viSaya ko sahaja rUpa meM apane meM sameTe hue saritA kI thirakatI huI lahara kI taraha gatizIla hai| isameM anuSTup, mAlinI, zikhariNI, indravajrA, sragdharA ityAdi vividha chandoM kA prayoga huA hai| gadya meM praur3hatA, zabda-sauSThava aura bhAva gAMbhIrya hai| AcArya zubhacandra kA janma kahA~ huA ? munijIvana meM ve kahA~, kaise dIkSita hue ? unakA jIvana kina-kina kSetroM meM kisa-kisa prakAra vyatIta huA ? ityAdi aitihAsika tathya prAmANika rUpa meM Aja prApta nahIM haiN| unhoMne apane isa mahAn grantha meM apane sambandha meM paricayAtmaka dRSTi se kucha bhI nahIM likhaa| lagatA hai, unhoMne apane dhyAnayoga viSayaka kRtitva ko hI apanA paricaya maanaa| bhAratavarSa ke prAcIna anekAneka tapa:pUta manISiyoM, RSiyoM aura granthakAroM ke sambandha meM hameM prAya: aisA hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| isase yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki ve mahApuruSa atyanta ni:spRha the| lokaiSaNA ke prati unameM jarA bhI AkarSaNa nahIM thaa| sambhavata: isI kAraNa aisA hotA rhaa| yaha una mahApuruSoM kI titikSAvRtti kA dyotaka hai| kintu sAhityika anusaMdhAtAoM ke lie isase prAcIna sAhitya sraSTAoM ke itihAsa ko jAnane aura prakaTa karane meM kaThinAiyA~ utpanna hotI haiN| ve Age-pIche ke vidvAnoM ke granthoM ke AdhAra para vividha rUpa meM kAla Adi nirNaya ke sambandha meM kalpanA karate haiN| AcArya zubhacandra ke sambandha meM bhI vidvAnoM ne aneka prakAra se kalpanAyeM kI haiN| kucha vidvAn inheM dhArAnareza mahAn saMskRta-sevI mahArAja bhoja kA samasAmayika mAnate haiM, mahAn yogI bhartRhari ke sAtha bhI inakA nAma jor3A jAtA hai| bhartRhari bhI bhAratIya itihAsa ke eka lokapriya vyaktitva haiN| sambhavata: isa nAma ke aneka vyakti hue hoN| eka bAta avazya dhyAna dene yogya hai ki bhartRhari ke 'vairAgyazataka' tathA zubhacandra ke 'jJAnArNava' meM aneka padya samarUpa milate haiN| isase aisA anumAna karanA asaMgata nahIM hogA ki vairAgyazataka' ke praNetA ke sAtha unakA kucha - na - kucha sambandha rahA ho| grantha ke maMgalAcaraNa ke solahaveM zloka meM unhoMne AcArya jinasena kA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| isase prakaTa hotA hai ki ve jinasena ke pazcAtvartI the| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza AcArya jinasena kA samaya prApta pramANoM ke anusAra IsavI san 898 mAnA jAtA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki AcArya zubhacandra 9vIM zatAbdI ke pazcAt hue| kintu kitane pazcAt hue, kaba hue ? isa sambandha meM paripuSTa pramANa nahIM milte| vidvAnoM ne vividha rUpoM meM UhApoha kara inakA samaya 11vIM evaM 12vIM zatAbdI nizcita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| khaNDa: SaSTha AcArya hemacandra ke 'yogazAstra' evaM AcArya zubhacandra ke 'jJAnArNava' kA yadi tulanAtmaka parizIlana kiyA jAya to aisA lagatA hai ki ina donoM ke samaya ke bIca koI lambA vyavadhAna saMbhava nahIM hai / piNDastha dhyAna kI dhAraNAyeM Adi aneka viSaya aise haiM jinameM varNita tathya donoM hI granthoM meM apanI apanI zailI ke anusAra ekarUpatA liye hue haiN| * aisA sambhava hai ki 'jJAnArNava' aura 'yogazAstra' kI racanA ke samaya bhAratavarSa sAdhanA ke kSetra meM yoga kA vizeSa rUpa se prasAra rahA ho / digambara paramparA meM AcArya zubhacandra ne aura zvetAmbara paramparA meM AcArya hemacandra ne jainayoga ke rUpa meM apaneapane kSetroM meM ise udbhAvita kiyA ho / adhyAtmayoga kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se digambara aura zvetAmbara AmnAyoM meM maulika antara nahIM hai / AcArya zubhacandra ne apane grantha meM una viSayoM kI bhI vizeSa rUpa se carcA kI hai jinase prerita hokara sAdhaka sAttvika AcAra kI bhUmikA svIkAra kara sake / yahI kAraNa hai ki samyak darzana, samyak jJAna Adi kA vivecana karate hue unhoMne ahiMsAdi mahAvratoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| AcArya ne brahmacarya para atyanta jora diyA hai tAki sAdhaka usase kadApi na Dige / isalie unhoMne use vividha rUpa meM prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / isa sandarbha meM unhoMne bArahaveM, terahaveM, caudahaveM sarga meM strIsvarUpa, strI-saMsarga Adi kI vistAra se carcA kI hai| strI ke sambandha meM jo udgAra unhoMne prakaTa kiye haiM, tadanusAra strI kA sarvathA pariheyatva siddha hotA hai / ataeva kucha vidvAnoM dvArA aisI AlocanA kI jAtI hai ki unhoMne jo strI kI nindA kI hai vaha kahA~ taka saMgata hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai| strI ke usa divya, pavitra Adarza rUpa ko jo rAjImatI tathA candanabAlA Adi aneka mahAsatiyoM meM vyakta thA, ve kyoM bhUla gaye ? isa sambandha meM yadi gaharAI se vicAra kareM to hameM AcArya zubhacandra ke atyanta

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama virakti, titikSA evaM anAsaktipUrNa svarUpa ko dhyAna meM rakhanA hogaa| unhoMne strI kA jina zabdoM meM citraNa kiyA hai vaha strI mAtra ko lakSita kara nahIM hai| vaha strI ke usa svarUpa ko lekara hai, jisameM nitAnta bhogAsakti saMpRkta rahatI hai| brahmacarya kA rakSaNa to navabAr3oM aura eka parakoTe ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki brahmacaryaparirakSaNa meM paga-paga para jAgarUkatA evaM sAvadhAnI kI AvazyakatA hai| jaba kisI padArtha ko viSaya se pRthak karanA atyanta Avazyaka hotA hai taba medhAvI upadeSTA, kuzala graMthakAra AcArya Adi gurujana usa padArtha yA viSaya ko atyanta jugupsApUrNa evaM nindanIya batalAte haiN| vahA~ bhAvAvezavaza varNana meM ghRNA ko atizaya rUpa diyA jAtA hai| vahA~ una upadezakoM kA Azaya upalakSita viSaya kI nindA karanA na hokara, sAdhakoM ko patana kI bhAvI AzaMkAoM se ubAranA hotA hai| AcArya zubhacandra vItarAgabhAvopAsaka muni the, mahAn tattvavettA the aura jaisA pahale kahA gayA hai vilakSaNa pratibhAsampanna mahAn kavi the| yahI kAraNa hai ki strI Adi ke varNana meM unake vyaktitva meM sthita tattvajJAnI mukharita nahIM hai varan vahA~ vidyamAna unakA kavi nirbAdha rUpa meM viSaya-vaizadya hetu kAvyamayI saritA kA sampravAha karatA hai| kAvya, darzana nahIM hai, kintu vaha bhAva-mandAkinI kA saMvAhaka hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya zubhacandra kA vaha varNana vIbhatsa rasa kA prakhara prAkaTya liye hue hai| vastuta: strI jAti ke prati unake mana meM ghRNA bhAva rahA ho, aisA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| AcArya zubhacandra mahAn jJAnI hone ke sAtha-sAtha bar3e vyavahAravettA bhI the| samAja kisa prakAra satsaMskAra-sampanna ho, jisase dharma kI ArAdhanA meM vaha sadA unmukha banA rahe, isa ora bhI inakA vizeSa dhyAna thaa| zaizava, yauvana, vArdhakya ina tInoM hI avasthAoM meM se pratyeka vyakti ko gujaranA par3atA hai| jIvana meM vRddhAvasthA vaha samaya hai jaba vyakti ko dainaMdina AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie auroM kA sahayoga vAMchita hotA hai| kyoMki vRddhAvasthA meM daihika zaktiyA~ kSINa hotI jAtI haiM, aisI bhI dukhada sthitiyA~ utpanna hotI haiM ki vRddhajanoM ne apane jisa parivAra kA nirantara zramapUrvaka paripoSaNa, saMvarddhana evaM vikAsa kiyA ; ve pArivArika sadasya hI saba bhUla jAte haiM, vRddha upekSita bana jAte haiN| eka svastha sAttvika samAja meM aisA kadApi nahIM honA caahie| aisA honA ghora kRtaghnatA hai| yaha saba dhyAna meM rakhate hue granthakAra ne apane ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza - grantha ke 15 veM sarga meM vRddhasevA kI grAhyatA para vizeSa rUpa se prakAza DAlA hai| unhoMne sarga ke prArambha meM hI likhA hai aisA karane vAle ke aihika aura pAralaukika donoM vizuddha - siddha ho jAte haiN| usake bhAvoM meM tatkSaNa zuddhatA kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| usake vidyA aura vinaya kI vRddhi hotI hai / jo puruSa vRddhajanoM kI sevA karate haiM unakI kaSAya rUpI agni rAgAdisahita zAnta ho jAtI hai / unake citta meM prasannatA yA nirmalatA kA AvirbhAva hotA hai / 3 AcArya zubhacandra sAdhaka ke vyaktitva ko AcAra tathA dainaMdina vyavahAra kI dRSTi se pariSkRta aura parimArjita rUpa meM dekhanA cAhate the| kyoMki vyaktitva meM isa prakAra kI sAttvikatA yA nirmalatA Aye binA dhyAna-sAdhanA kI pavitra bhUmi para pahu~ca pAnA nizcaya hI kaThina hotA hai| AcArya ne kevala dhyAnaviSayaka siddhAntoM kI pAMDityapUrNa zailI meM vivecanA karanA hI paryApta nahIM samajhA varan unakA abhipreta yaha thA ki loga unake isa dhyAnayoga viSayaka mahAn grantha se prerita hokara jIvana meM una siddhAntoM ke anurUpa dhyAna kI ArAdhanA kara prazAnta bhAva kA sAkSAtkAra kreN| kyoMki vahI jIvana kA parama lakSya yA prApya hai| khaNDa : SaSTha isI krama meM Age 16veM sarga meM parigraha - tyAga kA bar3A hI mArmika vizleSaNa kiyA hai| kyoMki isa saMsAra meM dhana, vaibhava, aizvarya, sampatti Adi ke rUpa meM parigraha eka aisA AkarSaNa hai jisase chUTa pAnA bahuta kaThina hai / jIvana ko azAzvata yA kSaNabhaMgura mAnatA huA bhI, vipula sampatti kA svAmI hokara vyakti parigraha kI atRpta pipAsA meM aharniza itanA ba~dhA rahatA hai ki usase vaha chUTa nahIM pAtA / dhyAna-sAdhanA to vaha viSaya hai jahA~ Atma vyatirikta sabhI bhAvoM yA parabhAvoM se chUTanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai / usa ora se sAdhaka kA dhyAna haTe, mahAn upadezaka isalie vaise viSayoM kI pariheyatA kA vizeSa rUpa se pratipAdana karate haiN| AcArya zubhacandra ne parigraha kI heyatA kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki jisa prakAra naukA meM pASANa Adi kA atyadhika bhAra lAda dene se guNavAna guNa yA rajjU se baddha naukA bhI samudra meM DUba jAtI hai, usI prakAra parigraha ke bhAra se saMyamI sAdhaka bhI janma-maraNamaya saMsAra - sAgara meM nimagna ho jAtA hai / 4 jJAnArNava 15.1-2 vahI, 16.1 3. 4.

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Age graMthakAra ne parigraha ke bAhya aura aMtaraMga bhedoM kI carcA kI hai| svajana, dhana-dhAnya, strI-putra, parijana, vividha-sampatti, AbharaNa Adi bAhya parigraha haiN|' padArtha, sattvaviSayaka bhogopabhoga sambandhI Antarika moha evaM AkarSaNa, Antarika parigraha meM parigaNita haiN| AcArya ne prastuta sarga meM sAdhaka ko parigrahatyAga kA bar3e hI mArmika zabdoM meM upadeza diyA hai| Age unhoMne paMca samitiyoM kA svIkaraNa, kaSAyoM kA tyAga, indriya-jaya kA abhyAsa, ityAdi kA vivecana kiyA hai jo paThanIya hai| ina sabake parisevana se sAdhaka ke vyaktitva meM mUlata: vaisI yogyatA niSpanna ho jAtI hai ki vaha dhyAna - sAdhanA meM ni:zaMka samudyata aura saMlagna ho sakatA hai| 'jJAnArNava' kA mukhya viSaya dhyAnayoga hai| ataeva graMthakAra ne dhyAna ke sambandha meM una sabhI vivecya viSayoM kA sAMgopAMga nirUpaNa kiyA hai jisase sAdhaka tadviSayaka yogyatA prApta kara ske| dhyAnasiddhi : sAdhyatA - asAdhyatA : manISiyoM, cintakoM evaM graMthakAroM ke bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se apane-apane viziSTa dRSTikoNa hote haiM, jinake anusAra ve apanI racanAoM meM abhISTa viSayoM kA pratipAdana karate haiN| yahA~ hama AcArya hemacandra aura AcArya zubhacandra kI nirUpaNa vidyA para kucha cintana kareM to aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya zubhacandra kI dRSTi meM sAdhanA kA paramotkRSTa rUpa lakSita rhaa| AcArya hemacandra ne sAdhanA ke vaise rUpa ko uddiSTa kara apanI lekhanI calAyI jo sarvasAdhAraNa dvArA svIkAra karane aura nirvAha karane yogya ho| pahale yaha kahA jA cukA hai ki apane anuyAyI, gRhI ziSya rAjA kumArapAla kI abhyarthanA para unhoMne 'adhyAtmopaniSad' ke rUpa meM yogazAstra' kI racanA kii| eka rAjA kA jIvana sAMsArikatA meM kitanA grasta hotA hai, yaha sarva vidita hai| jaba kumArapAla ne cAhA ki apanA rAjakIya jIvana vyatIta karate hue, rAjyocita uttaradAyitvoM kA nirvAha karate hue bhI ve adhyAtmayoga kI sAdhanA para agrasara ho sakeM 5. vahI, 16-6 wwwwwwwwwwwwwww 7 mmmmmmmmmmmmmm~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza taba AcArya hemacandra ne rAja-kAja meM saMlagna rAjA dvArA adhyAtmayoga ke abhyAsa ko asambhava nahIM maanaa| unhoMne 'yogazAstra' kI racanA kI / dhyAna Adi ke zAstragata, anubhava gata aneka rUpoM kA prakaTIkaraNa kiyA / vratamaya sadAcAramaya jIvana apanAte hue dhyAna ke mArga para Age bar3hane kA pathadarzana diyA / AcArya hemacandra yaha mAnate the ki yadyapi eka rAjA kA yA gRhastha kA jIvana aneka laukika samasyAoM meM ulajhA rahatA hai, kintu yadi vaha apane sabhI kAryoM kA AsaktizUnya hokara nirvAha karatA jAya to ve kArya usake lie bhAra rUpa nahIM hote; tabhI to gItAkAra ne anAsakti bhAva se kiye jAne vAle karttavya karmoM ko karane vAle puruSa ko karmayogI kI saMjJA dI hai / " khaNDa : SaSTha - J~ yogirAja zrIkRSNa dvArA arjuna ko sambodhita kara kahA gayA, 'tasmAd yogI bhavArjuna / ' yaha Adeza arjuna ko saMnyAsI banane kA upadeza nahIM thA varan anAsakta bhAva se, alipta dRSTi se kartavya karma karate hue AtmaniSTha rahane kA saMdeza thA / sAdhanA kA mArga nizcaya hI bar3A kaThora hai kintu jaba sAdhaka kA AtmaparAkrama prasphuTita ho jAtA hai to usake lie saMsAra meM kucha bhI kaThina nahIM raha jaataa| yadyapi eka muni yA saMnyAsI ke lie, sAMsArika bandhanoM se pRthak vimukta hone ke kAraNa sAdhanA patha para Age bar3hane kI atyadhika suvidhA aura anukUlatA rahatI hai kintu Atmabala kA dhanI gRhastha bhI vibhinna anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM rahatA huA bhI unase aprabhAvita raha sakatA hai / itanA avazya hai ki vaha adhyAtmayoga kI sAdhanA meM vaisI utkRSTa sthiti taka pahu~ca pAne meM samartha nahIM hotA jisa prakarSapUrNa avasthA meM eka muni pahu~ca sakatA hai kyoMki muni kA Atma- parAkrama adhika unnata aura vikasita hotA hai| AcArya hemacandra sAdhAraNa se asAdhAraNa kI ora Age bar3hatI sAdhanA meM vizvAsa rakhate the aura mAnate the ki eka gRhastha jitanA gRhI jIvana meM zakya hai, usa sImA taka dhyAnayoga kI sAdhanA meM agrasara ho sakatA hai / isa jIvana ke saMskAroM ke kAraNa vaha Age ke bhava meM uccatama dhyAnayoga bhI siddha kara letA hai| yahA~ hameM AcArya haribhadra dvArA kiye gaye bhogiyoM ke bhedoM meM kulayogI ke bheda para gaura karanA hogA / 6. zrImad bhagavad gItA

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jaisA ki unhoMne batAyA hai ki jo sAdhaka apane vartamAna jIvana meM sAdhanA ko paripUrNa nahIM kara pAtA, deha tyAga kara detA hai, AgAmI bhava meM use janma se hI yoga ke saMskAra prApta hote haiN| vaha janmajAta yogI hotA hai| ___ AcArya zubhacandra bhI yaha mAnate haiM ki gRhastha avasthA meM dhyAna sAdhanA ho hI nahIM sakatI, aisI bAta nahIM hai| ve eka prabuddha jaina siddhAntavettA manISI the| sAgAra aura anagAra sAdhanA paddhati kI sampUrNatA aura AMzikatA kI upAdeyatA jAnate the| kintu unakI dRSTi meM dhyAna sAdhanA kA ati utkRSTa rUpa parilakSita thaa| jisako prApta karane meM atyadhika AtmasthatA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| sAmAnyata: gRhI jIvana meM vaisI AtmasthatA unake anusAra phalita nahIM ho paatii| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne cauthe adhyAya meM isa bAta para bahuta jora diyA hai ki gRhastha jIvana meM manuSya ke samakSa aneka bAdhAe~ vidyamAna hotI haiN| vaiyaktika, pArivArika, sAmAjika, vyAvasAyika Adi aneka sambandhoM se vaha jur3A rahatA hai| na kevala apanI hI varan aneka sambaddha janoM kI anukUlatAoM-pratikUlatAoM se vaha prabhAvita rahatA hai| isalie yaha saMbhava nahIM ho pAtA ki vaha dhyAnasiddhi prApta kara ske| ina sthitiyoM kA graMthakAra ne apanI zailI meM apane zabdoM meM vistRta varNana kiyA hai| isI Azaya ko AcArya ne cunautIpUrNa zabdoM meM yahA~ taka kaha DAlA hai ki AkAza meM puSpa aMkurita nahIM hotA, gadhe ke sIMga nahIM hote kadAcit vaisA ho bhI jAya to bhI gRhasthAvasthA meM dhyAna kI siddhi kisI bhI deza yA kAla meM saMbhava nahIM hai|' yahA~ AcArya ne dhyAnasiddhi zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, usa para gaura karanA Avazyaka hai| dhyAnasiddhi kI samagra yA paripUrNa sthiti taba AtI hai, jaba vyakti kevala dharmadhyAna taka hI na rahakara zukladhyAna taka pahu~ca ske| yaha saca hai ki gRhastha jIvana meM rahate hue yaha kabhI sambhava nhiiN| itane tIvra aura kisI apekSA se kar3e zabdoM meM yoM nirUpita kiye jAne ke pIche graMthakAra kA saMbhavata: aisA Azaya parilakSita hotA hai ki gRhasthI meM rahane vAle loga usa ora kI AsaktiyoM aura AkarSaNoM se chuutteN| graMthakAra kA yaha nirUpaNa bhI sArthakatA liye hue hai ki muni yA saMnyAsI ke jIvana yahA AcA 7. 8. jJAnArNava 4.7-16 vahI, 4.17

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha meM hI sahajatayA vaisI anukUlatAe~ prApta ho sakatI haiM jinase dhyAnayoga kI sAdhanA sahaja rUpa meM kramaza: Age bar3ha sakatI hai| vaisI anukUlatAyeM gRhastha jIvana meM bahuta prayatna karane para bhI upalabdha nahIM hotii| ___ AcArya zubhacandra yaha jAnate the ki saMsAra ke sabhI loga vairAgyaprasUta saMnyasta jIvana, munijIvana apanA leM yaha saMbhava nahIM hai| kintu munijIvana kI ora vizeSa jora dekara prerita karanA ve Avazyaka mAnate the| jaisA Upara vivecana kiyA gayA hai ki graMthakAra kA dhyAnasiddhi se abhiprAya paramottama dhyAnAvasthA prApta kara lene se hai| AcArya zubhacandra to mahA kavi the| vilakSaNa zabda zilpI the, unake Azaya ko kevala abhidhA zakti se na samajhakara lakSaNA va vyaMjanA se samajhA jAnA vAMchanIya hai| isa vivecana kA lakSaNAlabhya abhiprAya yahI hai ki yadi koI gRhI sampUrNata: dhyAnasiddhi prApta karanA cAhatA hai to use saMsAra-tyAga kA sAhasa karanA hI hogA, anyathA apane eka janma meM vaha dhyAna kI samagratA ko AtmasAt nahIM kara paayegaa| sAmAnya rUpa meM to dhyAna kA abhyAsa vyakti kara hI sakatA hai yadi usakI dRSTi samyak ho aura usakA jJAna tadanurUpa ho| niSkarSa ke rUpa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki AcArya hemacandra kA dRSTikoNa sArvajanikatA para vizeSa rUpa se AdhArita hai jabaki AcArya zubhacandra kI dRSTi meM sAdhanA kA asAdhAraNa yA utkarSa rUpa uddiSTa hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA kA sambandha Atmazuddhi, Atmabala, AtmaparAkrama, AtmotsAha ke sAtha hai| gRhastha jIvana meM vaisI sthiti kaThinAI se sadha pAtI hai| ataeva graMthakAra ne gRhI sAdhaka ko dhyAna kI uccastarIya yogyatA kA adhikArI nahIM mAnA kintu munitva svIkAra kara lene para dhyAnasiddhi kA koI sarvathA adhikArI ho jAtA hai, yaha tathya bhI ve svIkAra nahIM krte| yadi kisI muni meM munitva dharma ke sampUrNa lakSaNa ghaTita hote haiM, vaha saMyama kI anavacchinna sAdhanA meM saMlagna rahatA hai tabhI vaha vastuta: muni kahe jAne yogya hai| yaha dhyAnasiddhi kA adhikArI hai| yadi saMyamapUrNa puruSArtha evaM Atmazakti unameM nahIM hotI to vaha muni kahalAne para bhI dhyAnasiddhi kA adhikArI

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khaNDa : vaSTha 1 nahIM hotaa| munitva kevala muni zabda meM hI garbhita nahIM hai| vaha to tadanurUpa vizuddha caryA meM sannihita hai| ataeva graMthakAra ne isa sambandha meM bar3e spaSTa zabdoM meM pratipAdana karate hue kahA hai dhyAnataMtra meM arthAt dhyAna viSayaka siddhAnta graMthoM meM kevala mithyAdRSTiyoM ke dhyAna na sadhane kI bAta nahIM kahI gaI hai, kintu jinendradeva kI AjJA ke jo pratikUla calate haiM, jinakA citta caMcala hai, vaise muniyoM ke bhI dhyAnasiddhi kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| yadi kisI muni ke jo karma meM hai vaha vacana meM nahIM hai, jo vacana meM hai vaha karma meM nahIM hai, jisakI kathanI aura karanI meM samAnatA nahIM hai; karma aura vacana ke anusAra jisake citta meM nahIM hai arthAt jisake mana, vacana aura karma meM visaMgati hai aisA muni dhyAnapadavI - dhyAnasiddhi nahIM pA sktaa| jo muni hokara bhI parigraha rakhate haiM usase apane Apako mahattvapUrNa mAnate haiM, niSparigrahI sAdhuoM ko laghu yA halkA mAnate haiM, unakA jIvana pravaJcanAmaya hai| zIla ko tuccha samajhane vAle, ahaMkAra se udyata bane hue, saMyama kI dhurA - mahAn dAyitva ko svIkAra kara tyAga diyA hai jinhoMne, jo dhairyavihIna haiM, unakA mana dhyAna karane meM kaise sakSama ho sakatA hai kyoMki hIna pravRttiyukta, madonmatta, dhairyarahita janoM meM dhyAna kI yogyatA nahIM hotii| jo muni yaza, pratiSThA aura abhimAna meM Asakta haiM tathA lokayAtrA se prasanna hote haiM, arthAt jinameM lokaiSaNA kI vRtti vyApta hai unhoMne apane jJAna rUpI netra ko vilupta kara DAlA hai, unameM dhyAna kI yogyatA ghaTita nahIM hotii| jinhoMne apane antaHkaraNa kI zuddhi ke lie mithyAtva rUpI bhISaNa viSa kA vamana nahIM kiyA hai, mithyAtva ko vidhvasta nahIM kiyA hai ve tattvoM ke yathArtha svarUpa ko nahIM jAna skte| ve dhyAna ke yogya nahIM haiN| katipaya muni yoM kahakara dhyAna kA niSedha karate haiM ki yaha duSamakAla hai, paMcama Araka hai| isa kAla meM dhyAna kI yogyatA A nahIM sktii| aisA kahane vAle dhyAna ke adhikArI kaise ho sakate haiN| jinakI buddhi nirgrantha pravacana ko chor3akara anyamatoM ke zAstroM meM saMlagna hai, jo kAma aura artha kI lAlasA se pIr3ita haiM, yathArtha vastu tattva meM jinheM saMdeha hai ve muni dhyAna karane ke yogya kaise ho sakate haiM ? mana to svabhAva se hI caMcala hai phira jo nAstikoM kI pravaMcanApUrNa bAtoM meM A gaye hoM, unake mana meM sthiratA kaise A sakatI hai| ve dhyAna kI parIkSA meM kaise uttIrNa ho sakate haiN| 9. vahI, 4.30-33 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama 11

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha jinakA mana rAgaraMjita hai aura kAMdI, kailviSI, AbhiyaugikI, AsurI, saMmohinI Adi kaluSita bhAvanAoM se jur3A rahatA hai, unheM vastu tattva kA bodha kaise ho sakatA hai ?10 jinameM anAsakti aura nirveda kA bhAva nahIM hai, jo avidyA yA mithyAtva rUpI vyAghra ke vazIbhUta haiM, jinakI mokSa evaM mokSamArga meM abhiruci nahIM hai, ve AtmasvarUpa kA bodha kaise prApta kara sakate haiN| jinake mana meM akaruNA vyApta hai, jo bheda-vijJAna se rahita haiM, viSayabhogoM se virata nahIM haiM, ve dhyAna karane meM kisa prakAra samartha ho sakate haiM ? jo logoM ko prasanna karane hetu pAparUpI kAryoM ko karate haiM aura apane ko bar3A mAnate hue jinakI AtmasvarUpa meM anurakti nahIM hai, jo indriya sambandhI viSayoM meM lIna haiM, jinhoMne mana ke zalya ko dUra nahIM kiyA hai, jinakI adhyAtma meM niSThA nahIM hai, jinhoMne apane bhAvoM se dUSita lezyAoM ko pRthak nahIM kiyA hai, aise puruSa dhyAnasAdhanA ke ayogya haiN| jo hAsya, kautUhala, kuTilatA, hiMsA Adi pApa-pravRtti poSaka zAstroM kA upadeza karate haiM, mithyAtva rUpI jvara se jinakI AtmA rugNa aura vikRta hai, mohanidrA meM jinakI cetanA naSTa ho gaI hai, jinameM tapazcaraNa ke prati udyama dRSTigocara nahIM hotA, jinameM viSayoM ke prati atyadhika lAlasA tathA tRSNA banI rahatI hai, jo parigraha meM Asakta haiM, sat tattvoM ke prati zaMkAzIla haiM, jo Atmahita ko tRNa ke tulya samajhate haiM, mRtyu prApta karane kI jinameM utkaMThA nahIM hai, vaise vyakti kSaNamAtra bhI dhyAna kI ArAdhanA karane meM samartha nahIM ho pAte haiN|11 vazIkaraNa, AkarSaNa, vidveSaNa, mAraNa, uccATana, jala-agni evaM viSa kA staMbhana, rasakarma rasAyana-nirmANa Adi kA upayoga karanA, nagara meM kSobha utpanna karanA, aindrajAlika prayoga karanA, senA kA staMbhana karanA, vijaya-parAjaya kA vidhAna karanA, jyotiSa-vaidyaka Adi ke prayoga karanA, yakSiNI-maMtra Adi kA abhyAsa karanA, pAdukA-sAdhanA karanA, khar3AU pahanakara AkAza yA jala meM calane kI siddhi pAnA, adRzya honA, bhUmi meM gar3e dhana ko dekhanA, aJjana-sAdhanA, bhUta, sarpa Adi ko sAdhanA isa prakAra ke vikriyA rUpa jAdUmaMtra, Tone ToTake Adi ke abhyAsa aura prayoga meM jo rata rahate haiM, aise tathAkathita muniyoM ko dhyAna kI siddhi honA nizcaya hI kaThina hai|12 10. vahI, 4.40-41 11. vahI, 4.43-50 12. vahI, 4.51-55 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r 12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha isa sarga ke anta meM graMthakAra ne bar3e hI preraNAprada zabdoM meM likhA hai - jo paMDita yA jJAnI na hote hue bhI apane ko paMDita mAnate haiM, zama, dama aura svAdhyAya ke abhyAsa se rahita haiM, rAga, dveSa moha Adi pizAcoM dvArA gRhIta haiM, jo munitva ko naSTa karane vAle guNoM kI ora unmukha haiM, viSayoM se AkRSTa haiM, madonmatta haiM, zaMkA saMdeha rUpI zalya se Abaddha haiM, aise tuccha puruSa na dhyAna karane meM samartha ho pAte haiM aura na bhedavijJAna hI kara sakate haiN| 13 - jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AcArya zubhacandra dvArA gRhasthoM aura muniyoM ko uddiSTa kara jo varNana kiyA gayA hai usase yaha spaSTa hai ki ve dhyAna sAdhanA kA AdhAra vastutaH zuddha zraddhAna, jJAna, sadAcaraNa, saMyama, zIla tathA AtmapuruSArtha evaM parAkrama ko hI mAnate the / unakI dRSTi meM munitva tabhI sArthakatA pAtA hai jaba muni meM apane pada ke anurUpa samagra guNa Alokita hote haiN| muni kahalAte hue bhI yadi uparyukta guNa usameM nahIM haiM to vaha dhyAna kA kadApi adhikArI nahIM hai| yaha sArA pratipAdana AtmaguNa-niSThatA para AdhArita hai| dvAdaza bhAvanAoM kA sAra : bhAvanAoM kA cittazuddhi ke sAtha ghaniSTa sambandha hai / cittazuddhi se dhyAna paripuSTa hotA hai, ekAgratA siddha hotI hai| ataeva bhAvanAoM kA anuzIlana, abhyAsa dhyAnasAdhanA meM ananya upayogitA liye hue hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne 'jJAnArNava' ke dvitIya sarga meM bhAvanA ke bAraha bhedoM kA pRthak-pRthak vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai / yadyapi mUla tattva kI dRSTi se to vizeSa antara nahIM hai, kintu AcArya zubhacandra ne sarala madhura kAvyAtmaka zailI meM jo vizada varNana kiyA hai vaha sahRdaya pAThakoM ke lie bar3A hI manojJa hai / anitya bhAvanA : sabase pahale anitya bhAvanA kA nirUpaNa karate hue unhoMne saMsAra ke una padArthoM para prakAza DAlA hai jo anitya evaM nazvara haiM kintu kheda hai ki mohavaza mAnava unheM avinazvara yA nitya samajhatA huA unameM ba~dhA rahatA hai, pha~sA rahatA hai, apane Apako 13. vahI, 4.62 13

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza apane svarUpa ko jarA bhI nahIM saMbhAlatA / patana ke garta meM patita hotA jAtA hai / saMsAra kI kSaNabhaMguratA kA citraNa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai -- gagananagarakalpaM saGgamaM vallabhAnAm, jaladapaTalatulyaM yauvanaM vA dhanaMvA / sujanasutazarIrAdIni vidyuccalAni, kSaNikamiti samastaM viddhi saMsAravRttam // 14. saMsAra meM mAtA-pitA, bhAI, bandhu, strI Adi priyajanoM kA saMgama AkAza meM devaracita yA aindrajAlika racita nagara ke tulya hai, aisA nagara kSaNa bhara meM nirmita hotA hai aura kSaNa bhara meM hI naSTa ho jAtA hai| yahI tattva priyajanoM ke sAtha jur3A huA hai / yauvana aura dhana bAdaloM kI ghaTAoM ke samAna haiM, bAdala Ate haiM aura zIghra hI vilupta ho jAte haiM, yahI dazA yauvana aura dhana kI hai, aisI rogAkrAnta sthitiyA~ banatI haiM aura yuvAvasthA meM hI vyakti jIrNa-zIrNa ho jAtA hai| aisA na ho to bhI jyoMjyoM samaya vyatIta hotA jAtA hai, yauvana kSINa hotA jAtA hai, dhana-vaibhava ko bhI naSTa hote dera nahIM lgtii| apane suhRd, mitra, snehIjana, putra aura apanA zarIra bhI AkAza meM camakatI bijalI ke jaise haiN| bijalI camakatI hai, usI kSaNa vaha vilIna bhI ho jAtI hai| sabhI asthira evaM kSaNabhaMgura haiN| saMsAra kI yahI dazA hai / 14 azaraNa bhAvanA : azaraNa bhAvanA ke sambandha meM bhI unhoMne bar3e hI rocaka aura prasAdayukta zabdoM meM prakAza DAlA hai aura batalAyA hai ki maraNa Adi se koI bhI kisI ko zaraNa dene meM samartha nahIM hai| unhoMne bar3e-se-bar3e vyakti kI azaraNa aura asahAya sthiti kA citraNa karate hue kahA hai : asminnantakabhogivaktravivare, saMhAradaMSTrAGkite, saMsuptaM bhuvanatrayaM smaragaravyApAramugdhIkRtam / pratyekaM gilito'sya nirdayadhiyaH kenApyupAyena vai, nAsmAnniHsaraNaM tavArya kathamapyatyakSabodhaM binA // vahI, anitya bhAvanA 2.47, pR. 19 khaNDa: SaSTha ~~ 14

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama MSRLD jinake bhrUbhaMga mAtra se, krodhapUrvaka bhauMhe car3hAne mAtra se brahmaloka paryanta yaha jagat bhayabhIta ho jAtA hai, pRthvI para jinake bhArI kadama par3ate hI parvata taka khaNDakhaNDa ho jAte haiM, aise-aise yoddhAoM ko bhI isa kAla ne nigala liyA hai jinakI aba kathA mAtra hI zeSa raha gayI hai| phira bhI buddhihIna prANI apane jIvana kI bar3I bhArI AzA liye rahatA hai| yaha usakI kitanI bar3I bhUla hai, vaha kyoM nahIM smjhtaa| use mauta se bacane ke lie koI zaraNa yA Azraya de nahIM sktaa|15 siAra bhAvanA : saMsAra bhAvanA kA citraNa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki yaha saMsAra eka samudra ke tulya hai| gaticatuSTaya eka bahuta bar3e ghUmate hue jalAvarta ke sadRza hai| mukha rUpI bhISaNa bar3avAnala usameM prajjvalita hai, aise jagat meM ye dIna, anAtha prANI bhaTakate rahate haiN| apanI-apanI karma rUpI ber3iyoM se jakar3e hue sthAvara evaM trasa kAryoM meM saMcaraNa karate hue marate rahate haiM, utpanna hote rahate haiN|16 unhoMne Age kahA hai ki jisa prakAra nATyazAlA yA raMgamaMca para nRtya aura abhinaya karane vAlA naTa yA abhinetA bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke rUpa, svAMga dhAraNa karatA hai usI prakAra yaha jIva nirantara bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke zarIra dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai| yaha saMsAra kA svarUpa hai|17 katva bhAvanA : prANI nitAnta ekAkI hai| vastuta: koI usakA sAthI nahIM hai| ekatva bhAvanA meM sannihita isa Azaya ko graMthakAra ne saMkSepa meM vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| unhoMne kahA hai ki jisa samaya yaha jIva vItavibhrama-bhrAntirahita hokara isa bhAva ko apanAyegA ki maiM ekAkI hU~ yaha socakara AtmasvarUpa meM avasthita hogA, tabhI usakA janma-sambandha bhava-bhramaNa miTa paayegaa|18 15. vahI, azaraNa bhAvanA OM pR. 23 16. vahI, saMsAra bhAvanA, 2.1-2, pR. 23-24 17. vahI, saMsAra bhAvanA, 2.8, pR. 24 18. vahI, ekatva bhAvanA, 2-10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 15 ~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha anyatva bhAvanA: sAMsArika jar3a-cetanAtmaka jina padArthoM ko jIva apanA mAnatA hai ve tattvata: usake apane nahIM haiM, ve para haiM, anya haiM, anyatva bhAvanA kA yahI niSkarSa hai jise graMthakAra ne prakaTa kiyA hai| bar3e hI mArmika zabdoM meM unhoMne likhA hai ki jo zarIra mUrta, acetana, vividha prakAra ke pudgala paramANuoM se viracita hai, jarA vicAra to karo-amUrta cetana apaudgalika AtmA ke sAtha usakA kyA sambandha ho sakatA hai| jaba deha hI jIva se atyanta bhinna hai, anya hai, taba bandhu-bAndhava tathA kuTumbI jana kA usake sAtha aikya kaise ho sakatA hai ? isa saMsAra meM jo jar3a aura caitanya padArtha usa prANI ke sAtha sambaddha haiM ve sarvatra apane-apane svarUpa se bhinna haiN|19 azuci bhAvanA: zAstrakAroM ne kahA hai ki Upara se atyanta kamanIya, ramaNIya, dRSTigocara hone vAlI sundara kAyA kI vAstavikatA una malamUtra-viSThA, rakta, zleSma Adi jaghanya padArthoM se saMgRhIta hai jinheM koI dekhanA taka nahIM caahtaa| saundarya to kevala bahuta halkI sI bAharI parta hai jisake haTate hI yaha saba vIbhatsatA prakaTa ho jAtI hai| bAhya manojJatA-manoharatA, bhavyatA ke bhItara jo vipula azucitA bharI par3I hai, usa para sAdhaka cintana kre| vaisA karane se use AdhyAtmika saundarya kA bhAna hogaa| azuci bhAvanA ke isI Azaya kI AcAryoM evaM cintakoM ne vivecanA kI hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne isa bhAvanA ke varNana ke anta meM saMsArAsakta prANI ko udbodhita karate hue kahA hai ki he mUr3ha ! isa jagat meM manuSyoM kA yaha zarIra carma paTala se DhakA huA eka asthipaMjara hai| vikRta mavAda kI durgandha se paripUrNa hai| kAla ke mukha meM upasthita mAnoM yaha roga rUpI soM kA ghara hai| manuSyoM ke lie aisA zarIra kisa prakAra prIti karane yogya hai|20. Amrava-saMvara-nirjarA bhAvanA : Age Asrava, saMvara aura nirjarA bhAvanA kA graMthakAra ne saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA 19. vahI, anyatva bhAvanA, 2.6-8 20. vahI, azuci bhAvanA 2.13 ~~~~~~rrrrrrrrrrrrr 16 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai| sAdhaka ina tInoM kA abhyAsa karatA huA Asrava nirodha kara saMvara kA Azraya lekara nirjarA rUpa meM saMlagna hokara dhyAna Adi kI sAdhanA ke mAdhyama se apanA kalyANa saadhe| dharma bhAvanA - isa bhAvanA kA vivecana prArambha karate hue granthakAra ne bar3e hI bhAvapUrNa zabdoM meM likhA hai : pavitrIkriyate yena yenaivoddhiyate jgt| namastasmai dayArdrAya dharmakalpAdhripAya vai|| jo jagat ko pavitra karatA hai, jisake dvArA prANI jagat se apanA uddhAra kara letA hai, jo dayA-karuNA ke divya rasa se Ardra hai, ApUrita hai, jo kalpavRkSa ke samAna AtmA ke lie kalyANamaya phalaprada hai, usa dharma ko merA namana hai|21 _ jinendradeva dvArA prarUpita dazalakSaNa yukta dharma kI ArAdhanA kara saMyamI sAdhaka mukti prApta karate haiM, mithyAdRSTi tathA hiMsA evaM indriya viSayoM ke poSaka zAstroM dvArA use samyak rUpa meM nahIM samajhA jA sktaa| cintAmaNi, divya navanidhi aura kAmadhenu tathA kalpavRkSa ye saba dharma ke cirakAla se bhRtya yA sevaka jaise haiN| dharma jIvoM ko cakravartI, dharaNendra, devendra dvArA vAMchita, trailokya pUjita AdhyAtmikazrI saMpanna tIrthaMkara pada taka prApta karA detA hai| dharma saMkaTAvasthA meM samasta carAcara vizva kI rakSA karatA hai| vaha sukharUpI amRta kA pUra - pravAha hai| samasta jagat ko Atmika tRpti pradAna karatA hai|22 isa bhAvanA ke anta meM jo zloka granthakAra ne likhA hai, vaha nissandeha jijJAsu mumukSu meM dharma ke prati antaHsphUrti utpanna karatA hai - yadi narakanipAtastyaktumatyantamiSTa stridazapatimahaddhi prAptumekAntato vaa| yadi caramapumarthaH prArthanIyastadAnIM, kimaparamabhidheyaM nAma dharma vidhatta !! 21. vahI, dharmabhAvanA, 2-1 22. vahI, dharmabhAvanA, 2-6 ~~mmmmmmmmmmmmm 17 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha yadi tumheM yaha abhIpsA ho ki mujhe naraka meM nipatita na honA par3e, yadi tuma cAhate ho ki mujhe devendra kA mahAn vaibhava aura samRddhi prApta ho, yadi tumheM cAroM puruSArthoM meM mokSa icchita ho to adhika kyA kahA jAye tuma eka mAtra dharma kA sevana kro|23 Age yathAkrama lokabhAvanA kA varNana kara anta meM unhoMne bodhidurlabha bhAvanA kA vivecana kiyA hai| samyak bodhi kI durlabhatA para unhoMne bar3e hI prasAdapUrNa madhura zabdoM meM likhA hai - sulabhamiha samastaM vastujAtaM jagatyA - muragasuranaraindraiH prArthitaM cAdhipatyam ! kulabalasubhagatvoddAmarAmAdi cAnyat, kimuta tadidamekaM durlabhaM bodhiratnam // 13 // isa saMsAra meM samasta padArtha samUha sulabha haiN| dharaNendra, narendra evaM surendra dvArA prArthita-vAMchita Adhipatya bhI sulabha hai, yahA~ para bhI prApta ho sakate haiN| uttama kula, bala, saubhAgya, sundara rAnI Adi samasta padArtha prApta ho sakate haiM, kintu samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, samyak cAritra rUpa samyak bodhi atyanta durlabha hai|24 AdhyAtmika vikAsa, unnati, kalyANa aura mukti rUpa parama lakSya ityAdi ke rUpa meM jo bhI jIvana prApta hai una saba ke mUla meM bIja rUpa meM samyak bodhi hai| usI ke AdhAra para ye niSpanna hone vAle sundara supariNAma-suphala haiN| 'jJAnArNava' nizcaya hI jJAna kA mahAn sAgara hai kyoMki dhyAna kI sAdhanA se jJAna saMsphUrta hotA hai| dRr3hatA evaM UrdhvagAmitA prApta karatA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki graMthakAra ne isa grantha ke vividha sargoM meM vividha prasaMgoM para vividha apekSAoM se dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| bAna kA saMkSipta svarUpa: ___ AcArya zubhacandra ne durlabha mAnava jIvana kA ullekha karate hue tRtIya sarga ke prArambha meM yaha batAyA hai ki isa jIvana kA phala puruSArtha hai| vaha puruSArtha dharma, artha, 23. vahI, dharmabhAvanA, 2-23 24. vahI, bodhidurlabhabhAvanA 2.13 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 18 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kAma, mokSa cAra prakAra kA hai| ina cAroM meM pahale tIna sApAya-apAya yA vighnayukta haiM, nazvara haiN| tattvavettAoM ne caturtha puruSArtha ko hI sAra rUpa mAnA hai aura ve usI ko sAdhane kA prayatna karate haiN| vaha puruSArtha aisA hai - jisameM prakRti, pradeza, sthiti, anubhAga rUpa samasta karmasambandha vicchinna ho jAtA hai| vaha saMsAra kA pratipakSI hai|25 unhoMne Age kahA hai, mokSa zivapada svarUpa hai| vaha AtmA kI nirmalatA kI sthiti hai| vaha zarIra rahita, kSobha rahita, zAntasvarUpa, siddhasvarUpa, sarvathA avinazvara, AnandasvarUpa evaM kRtakRtyatA kI sthiti hai| dhIra puruSa ananta prabhAvApanna mokSarUpa kArya ke nimitta samasta bhrAntiyoM kA parityAga kara karmabandha naSTa karane hetu tapa ko svIkAra karate haiN| vItarAga prabhu ne samyak darzana, samyak jJAna aura samyak cAritra ko mukti kA hetu batalAyA hai| ata: jo mukti prApta karane kI icchA rakhate haiM ve ina tInoM kI ArAdhanA karate haiN| mokSa ke sAtha inakA kArya-kAraNa sambandha hai|26 unhoMne sAdhaka ko sambodhita karate hue kahA hai ki tuma sAMsArika duHkhoM ke vinAza hetu jJAnarUpI amRta rasa kA pAna karo tathA saMsAra samudra ko pAra karane ke lie dhyAna rUpI pota-jahAja kA Azraya lo| mokSa karmoM ke kSaya se hotA hai| samyagjJAna se karmakSaya hotA hai| samyagjJAna dhyAna se siddha hotA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna aura jJAna kA pArasparika sAmaMjasya hai| dhyAna meM hI AtmA kA hita sannihita hai| isalie karmoM se mukta hone ke icchuka, kaSAyoM ko manda banAne meM tatpara sAdhaka saMkalpa-vikalpoM kA nAza kara nitya dhyAna kA hI Alambana lete haiN|27 ve puna: sAdhaka ko sambodhita karate haiM - moha kA parityAga karo, svasthatA-AtmasthatA prApta karo, AsaktiyoM ko chor3o, sthiratA prApta karo, aisA karane para tuma dhyAna ko samajhane evaM svIkAra karane ke adhikArI bnoge| yadi tuma bar3e kaSToM se pAra kiye jAne yogya saMsAra rUpI ghora kIcar3a se nikalanA cAhate ho to dhyAna meM nirantara dhairyazIla kyoM nahIM bnte| yadi tumhAre citta meM zaMkA vivarjita 25. vahI, 3.1-6 26. vahI, 3.9-12 27. vahI, 3.13-14 Mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmar 19 ~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha viveka rUpa lakSmI sthira ho tabhI tuma mana ko vizuddha banAne vAle dhyAna ke lakSaNa zravaNa karane yogya ho|28 Age unhoMne mamatva aura bhrAnti Adi ko chor3ane kI vizeSa rUpa se preraNA dI hai tathA saMvega, nirveda, vairAgya aura viveka apanAne kA upadeza diyA hai| kAmabhogoM se tathA bhautika abhIpsAoM se pRthak hone kI zikSA dI hai| unhoMne dhyAnAbhyAsI ke lie vaisA karanA Avazyaka batalAyA hai| unhoMne Age eka vizeSa apekSA se dhyAna ke bhedoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai- saMkSepa meM tattvoM kA nirUpaNa karane meM abhirucizIla jJAnIjanoM ne dhyAna tIna prakAra kA batalAyA hai kyoMki jIva kA Azaya yA abhiprAya pravRttirUpa upakrama tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| unameM prathama puNya rUpa zubha Azaya, dUsarA usakA vipakSI pApa rUpa azubha Azaya aura tIsarA zuddhopayogarUpa Azaya hai| puNya rUpa Azaya se, zuddha lezyAoM ke avalambana se tathA vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ke cintana ke pariNAma svarUpa jo dhyAna utpanna hotA hai vaha prazasta dhyAna kahalAtA hai| jIvoM ke pApa rUpa Azaya, moha, mithyAtva, kaSAya tathA tattvavibhrama se utpanna hone vAlA aprazasta asamIcIna dhyAna hotA hai| rAga-pravAha kA kSaya hone para antarAtmA meM hone vAle prasanna Anandamaya bhAva ke pariNAmasvarUpa hone vAlA AtmasvarUpAnugAmI zuddha dhyAna hai| sAdhaka zubha dhyAna ke phala se svargAdi ke sukha prApta karatA hai tathA Age kramaza: mokSagAmI banatA hai| dUSita dhyAna se jIva durgati pAtA hai kyoMki vaha azubha pravRttimUlaka hai jise naSTa kara pAnA bahuta kaThina hai| jIva ke zuddhopayoga kA pariNAma samasta du:khoM se varjita svabhAvotpanna avinazvara jJAna rUpa sAmrAjya hai arthAt usase jJAna kI samagratA pratiphalita hotI hai|29 graMthakAra ne tAttvika dRSTikoNa se yahA~ dhyAna ko samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, samyak cAritra rUpa ratnatraya se jor3A hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne ina tInoM ko mokSa kA mArga kahA hai|30 dArzanika cintana-manana tathA AcAra viSayaka vividha vidhikrama ina tInoM kA hI vistAra hai| dhyAna se inakI sukhada niSpatti parighaTita hotI hai| yoM mokSa kA yathArtha 28. vahI, 3.15-17 29. vahI, 3.27-34 30. tattvArthasUtra 1-1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 20 ~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama mArga prApta ho jAtA hai jisa para calatA huA sAdhaka mukti ramA kA varaNa karatA hai| dhyAtA kI yogyatA: AcArya zubhacandra ne dhyAtA kI yogyatA kA Akalana karate hue pratipAdita kiyA hai ki yathArthata: dhyAtA yA dhyAna kA adhikArI vahI ho sakatA hai jisakA citta jJAnAmRta ke pAna se pavitra ho gayA ho, jisake hRdaya meM saMsAra ke sthAvara evaM jaMgama prANiyoM ke prati karuNA kA sAgara laharAtA ho, meru parvata kI jyoM jisake jIvana meM dRr3hatA ho aura jo AkAza kI jyoM nirmala ho, vAyu kI taraha Asaktivarjita ho tathA nirmamatva bhAva para Azrita ho|31 graMthakAra ne Age aisA bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki mukti rUpI unnata bhavana para car3hane hetu pravRtta sAdhaka ke lie uparyukta, guNayukta munigaNa ke caraNoM kI chAyA sopAnapaMkti jaisI siddha hotI hai| jisa prakAra sIr3hiyoM dvArA U~ce bhavana para saralatA se car3hA jA sakatA hai, usI prakAra guNa-gaNa vibhUSita munivRnda ke sAnidhya aura preraNA se dhyAna ke mAdhyama se mokSa jaise ucca sthAna ko adhigata kiyA jA sakatA hai|32 aise sAdhanAzIla yoganiSNAta munivRnda kI vizeSatAoM kI carcA karate hue unhoMne Age likhA hai- ve adhyAtmayoganirata munivRnda aise haiM jinhoMne apane citta rUpI pracaNDa pakSI ko arthAt tIvra gati se ur3ate hue pakSI kI taraha idhara-udhara bhAgate hue mana ko nizcala banA liyA hai| paMcendriya rUpa vana ko dagdha kara DAlA hai, dhyAna dvArA samasta pApoM ko dhvasta kara diyA hai, jo vidyA rUpI samudra ke pAragAmI haiM, krIr3A mAtra se bar3I hI AsAnI se karmoM ko mUlata: naSTa kara rahe haiN| kAruNyarUpa puNya se jinakA citta pavitra hai, saMsAra rUpI bhayAnaka daitya ko jinhoMne kucala DAlA hai| aise prazAntacetA munivRnda ke lie vindhyAcala parvata hI mAnoM nagara hai| parvata kI guphAe~ hI mAnoM unake AvAsa haiN| parvata kI zilAe~ zayyA haiM, candra jyotsnA hI jinake lie dIpaka tulya hai, mRga jinake sahacara sAthI haiN| saba prANiyoM ke prati maitrI hI unakI bhAryA hai| vijJAna hI unake lie preya jala hai, tapa hI uttama bhojana hai| vastuta: ve mahApuruSa dhanya haiM, ve mumukSu janoM ko saMsAra rUpI kardama se bAhara nikalane ke mArga kA upadeza kreN| jo 31. jJAnArNava 5-14-16 32. vahI, 5.18 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 21 ~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha zvAsocchvAsa kA niyaMtraNa karate haiM, aura apanI deha ko nizcala banAye rakhate haiM, indriyoM kI prasaraNazIlatA kA saMvaraNa karate haiM, netroM kI caMcalatA se rahita haiN| indrajAla sadRza samasta vikalpoM kA jo pralaya kara cuke haiM, moharUpI andhakAra se jo dUra haiM samasta vastuoM ko prakAzita karane vAle teja-puMja ko apane hRdaya meM vyApta kiye hue haiM aise hI muni saphalatApUrvaka dhyAna kA avalambana karate haiN| ve AnandamayI sAgara meM praveza karane kA abhyAsa karate haiN|33 jaisA saMketa kiyA gayA hai, AcArya zubhacandra kA lakSya dhyAnayoga kI uttama bhUmikA ke sAtha jur3A thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne uccakoTi ke dhyAnayogiyoM ko vizeSata: muniyoM ke sAtha jor3A hai| jo kevala veza se yA nAmamAtra se muni na hokara saMyama, vairAgya, zIla, sAdhanA Adi guNoM se paripUta hote haiM ve hI muni haiN| vaise muni jaba apane-Apa ko dhyAna yoga ke sAtha jor3a lete haiM to unake vyaktitva kA bar3A hI bhavya AdhyAtmika nikhAra hotA hai| sAdhaka kA eka aisA vimala, ujjvala rUpa unheM abhIpsita thA, jo kolAhala se dUra ekAnta sthAna meM athavA kisI parvatIya sthala meM sAdhanA meM lagA rhe| sahajarUpa meM prApta nirvadya prAkRtika padArtha hI jahAM unake upakaraNa hote haiN| jo vAstava meM saMsAra se parAGmukha hote haiM kyoMki ve AtmakalyANa ko hI sarvopari mAnate haiN| - AcArya zubhacandra dvArA tathAkathita guNarahita muniyoM kI jo AlocanA kI gaI hai usakA pahale vivecana kiyA jA cukA hai| ve to sacce munitva meM AsthAzIla the| bhartRhari ke 'vairAgyazataka' meM Ae hue katipaya padya isI prakAra kA bhAva liye manojaya kA upakrama : manojaya yA cittazuddhi kA dhyAna-sAdhanA meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| pataMjali ne to 'yogazcittavRttinirodha:'34 ke rUpa meM citta kI vRttiyoM ke nirodha ko yoga kahA hai| citta kI vRttiyoM ke nirodha kA Azaya yaha hai ki inheM duSpravRttiyoM meM na jAne 33. vahI, 5.19-22 34. yogasUtra 1-2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 22 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dekara sadpravRttiyoM meM lagAne kA pahale prayatna kiyA jaay| dhyAnamUlaka ekAgratA kA bhI mana yA cittavRtti ke sAtha gaharA sambandha hai| jaba taka mana kA cAMcalya apagata nahIM hotA, ekAgratA sadha nahIM sktii| AcArya zubhacandra ne bhI manojaya para bahuta jora diyA hai| unhoMne likhA haijina vyaktiyoM ne mana kA nirodha kara liyA hai, use vaza meM kara liyA hai, unhoMne vizva ko hI mAnoM vaza meM kara liyaa| jo citta ko saMvRta nahIM kara sakA, jIta nahIM sakA, roka nahIM sakA, usake lie indriyAdi kA nirodha vyartha hai, kyoMki mana kI zuddhi se hI prANiyoM ke kalaMka-pApa kA vilaya hotA hai| yadi mana samabhAva svarUpa prApta kara letA hai to svArtha-AtmA kA yathArtha prayojana siddha ho jAtA hai| jo puruSa citta ke prapaJca se utpanna aneka prakAra ke vikAroM ko roka dete haiM, unhIM ke dvArA mukti rUpI kAntA kA pANigrahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| vaise mahAn puruSa hI mokSagAmI banate haiN| __karma rUpI dRr3ha ber3iyA~ tabhI kaTa sakatI haiM jaba mana ko samasta vikalpoM se dUra kara vaza meM kiyA jaay| mana ko samatvabhAvApanna karane se bhavabhramaNa se utpanna doSa naSTa ho jAte haiN| mana daitya kI jyoM bar3A prabala hai| use jItane se samasta arthoM kI, prayojanoM kI, AdhyAtmika lakSyoM kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| mana ko jIte binA yama, vrata, niyama Adi kA anusaraNa karanA kleza mAtra hai, vyartha hai| mana ko rokanA samasta abhyudayoM kA sAdhaka hai, manojaya kA Alambana lekara hI yogI tattva kA sAkSAtkAra karate haiN| jo dhairyazIla sAdhaka AtmA aura zarIra Adi para-padArthoM ko pRthak-pRthak kara bhedavijJAna prApta karate haiM ve sabase pahale mana kI caMcalatA ko roka dete haiN| nizcaya hI, mana kI zuddhi se hI vAstavika zuddhi hotI hai| mana:- zuddhi ke binA bAhya zuddhi ke vividha upakrama kAya ko kSINa karanA mAtra hai| mana kI zuddhi kevala dhyAna ko hI zuddha nahIM karatI varan jIvoM ke karmajAla ko bhI vicchinna kara DAlatI hai|35 niSkarSa ke rUpa meM graMthakAra ne likhA hai ki vahI dhyAna hai, vahI vijJAna hai, vahI dhyeya hai, vahI tattva hai, jisake dvArA avidyA kA, ajJAna kA, atikramaNa kara mana Atmatattva meM sthira bne|36 35. jJAnArNava 22.6-15 36. vahI, 22.20 ~~~~~~~~~-~~-~- 23

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha UN'Syno sit 'jJAnArNava' kA varNana krama viSayAnubandha kI dRSTi se bar3I vilakSaNatA liye hae hai| AcArya zubhacandra to eka sarvatomukhI adhyAtmayogI kI bhUmikA vAle mahApuruSa the| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki cintana ke kSaNoM meM unakA dhyAna jaba jisa viSaya kI ora vizeSa rUpa se AkRSTa huA, usI para unakI lekhanI gatizIla hotI rhii| kintu itanA avazya hai ki unhoMne kramika aura pAripArzvika rUpa meM jo bhI likhA hai vaha adhyAtmayoga aura usake mukhya viSaya dhyAna ke sAtha kisI-na-kisI rUpa se saMyojita hai| ataeva samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se ve viSaya yathAvat yojanIya aura vyAkhyeya haiN| dhyAna ke bheda : zAstroM meM AtaM, raudra, dharma evaM zukla ke rUpa meM dhyAna ke cAra bheda batalAye gaye haiN| jahA~-jahA~ bhI inakA varNana huA hai vahA~ tattvata: koI bheda nahIM hai| prastutIkaraNa kI zailI bhinna-bhinna lekhakoM kI apanI-apanI hotI hai| jJAnArNava' ke paccIsaveM sarga meM AcAryazrI ne ArtadhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| mUla viSaya para Ane se pUrva unhoMne dhyAna kI vizeSatA kI carcA karate hue kahA haianAdi kAla ke vibhrama se utpanna jIva kA rAgAdimaya, nivir3a-saghana aMdhakAra dhyAnarUpI sUrya ke udaya hone para tatkAla dUra ho jAtA hai| bhavabhramaNa kI jvAlA se AvirbhUta ghora Atapa kI zAnti ke lie dhIra-sthiracetA puruSoM ne dhyAnarUpI samudra meM avagAhana karanA hI prazasta, uttama batalAyA hai| prazasta dhyAna mokSa kA mukhya hetu hai| vaha pApa samUha rUpI ghora aTavI ko dagdhakara DAlane meM agni ke samAna hai|37 granthakAra ne bar3I hI AkarSaka kAvyAtmaka zailI meM likhA hai ki aho kitanA bar3A Azcarya hai, aneka ajJAnI mahAmUrkha, sva - para vaJcaka janoM ne dhyAna ko bhI apanI dUSita manovRtti ke kAraNa naraka gamana kA hetu banA diyaa| kitane kheda kA viSaya hai jaba amRta viSa kA kAma kare, jJAna moha ke lie ho aura dhyAna naraka kA nimitta bana jAya, yaha saba prANiyoM kI viparIta ceSTAoM kA pariNAma hai| ye to saba prazasta haiM- utkarSa ke hetu haiM kintu ajJAnI inheM aprazasta apakarSa kA hetu banA dete haiN|38 37. vahI, 25.5-7 38. vahI, 25.9-10 ~~~~~~ 24 wwwwwwwwwwwwwww

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jo puruSa bhava-bhramaNa ke kheda se parizrAnta hokara ziva-kalyANa yA mokSa prApta karane kI dizA meM pragatizIla haiM, ve to yuktipUrvaka Agama dvArA nirNIta sat patha para hI gatizIla hote haiM / ve viparIta ceSTAoM meM nahIM par3ate / 39 prazasta aura aprazasta dhyAna kA pratipAdana karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki jisa dhyAna se sAdhaka astarAga-rAga rahita ho jAya aura vastu tattva kA cintana kare use AcAryoM ne prazasta dhyAna kahA hai| jo vyakti vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ko nahIM jAnatA, rAga Adi se jisakA citta upahRta pIr3ita hotA hai vaise vyakti kI svataMtra pravRtti - usake dvArA kiyA gayA ekAgratA mUlaka upakrama aprazasta dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| Artta dhyAna aura raudradhyAna aprazasta dhyAna haiM / dharma aura zukla dhyAna prazasta dhyAna ke antargata haiM / 40 Atta dhyAna : Rta zabda se Artta zabda kI niSpatti huI hai / Rta kA artha pIr3A yA duHkha hai / jisase mana utpIr3ita, saMkliSTa yA duHkhita ho use Artta dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| yaha asat dhyAna hai| jaise koI pathika yadi dizAoM ko bhUla jAtA hai to vaha unmatta ke tulya ho jAtA hai / usI prakAra avidyA yA mithyAjJAna kI vAsanA se utpanna isa dhyAna se vyakti vimUDhavat viSAdayukta bana jAtA hai| 41 ~~~ Age AcAryazrI ne aniSTa padArthoM ke saMyoga, iSTa padArthoM ke viyoga, rogAdi prakopa kI pIr3A tathA nidAna AgAmIkAla meM bhogAbhivAMchA se hone vAle ArttadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM kA saMketa kiyA hai| 42 39. vahI, 25.14 40. vahI, 25.18-20 vahI, 25.23 41. 42. vahI, 25.24 aniSTa saMyogajanita Artta dhyAna kA vivecana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki isa saMsAra meM apane svajana, dhana, deha, inake nAza karane vAle agni, jala, viSa, zastra, sarpa, siMha, daitya tathA sthala ke, jalake evaM bilavartI jIva, duSTa jana, zatru, rAjA 25

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha ityAdi aniSTa padArthoM-prasaMgoM ke saMyoga se jo dhyAna hotA hai, vaha Artta dhyAna ke prathama bheda ke antargata hai|43 iSTa padArthoM ke viyogajanita dvitIya Arta dhyAna ke viSaya meM unhoMne likhA hai, "jo rAjya, aizvarya, strI, kuTumba, mitra, saubhAgya bhoga Adi ke vinaSTa hone para tathA citta meM prIti utpanna karane vAle sundara, priya, indriyaviSayoM ke pradhvasta hone para saMtrAsa, pIr3A, bhrama, zoka evaM moha ke kAraNa anavarata kheda rUpa honA so jIvoM ke iSTa viyogajanita Arta dhyAna hai| yaha kalaMkAspada yAnI pApa kA sthAna hai|44 rogAdi prakopajanita tRtIya Arta dhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki vAta, pitta, kapha ke prakopa se prAdurbhUta, deha ke lie kaSTaprada, atyanta prabala, bhISaNa, pratikSaNa utpadyamAna kAsa, zvAsa, bhagaMdara, jalodara, vArdhakyajanita jarjaratA, kuSTha, atisAra, jvara Adi rogoM se manuSyoM ke jo AkulatA becainI utpanna hotI hai aura usa ora mana duzciMtana meM ekAgra ho jAtA hai vaha roga, pIr3Ajanita Artta dhyAna hai| yaha dhyAna durnivAra hai, ise rokanA bahuta kaThina hai, yaha du:khoM kA Akara hai aura pApoM ke bandha kA hetu hai| 'icchA hu AgAsasamA anantayA' - icchAe~ AkAza ke samAna ananta haiN|46 bar3I kaThinatA yaha hai ki jaba taka yathArtha bodha kA udaya nahIM hotA taba taka puNya karma karate hue bhI prANI meM anekAneka icchAe~ banI rahatI haiM aura vaha apane puNya phala ko bhAvI sukhoM ke sAtha jor3a letA hai| nirantara usI cintana meM ekAgra rahatA hai| zAstroM kI bhASA meM yaha nidAna hai jo sarvathA varNya evaM tyAjya hai| nidAnaprasUta dhyAna meM vyakti kisa taraha durnimagna ho jAtA hai, isakA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai - "dharaNendra ke sevanIya bhoga, jagattraya ko jItane vAlI rUpa sAmrAjya kI lakSmI, atizaya saundarya, zatru rahita rAjya, nRtya meM devAMganAoM ko bhI parAjita karane vAlI strI, aura bhI Anandaprada padArtha mujhe kaise prApta hoM, isa prakAra kA cintana cauthA ArtadhyAna hai| yaha saMsAra vRddhi kA mUla kAraNa hai|47 43. vahI, 25.25 44. vahI, 25.29 45. vahI, 25.32 46. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 9.48 47. jJAnArNava 25.34-35 - ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 26 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama saidra dhyAna : 26veM sarga meM granthakAra ne raudra dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| unhoMne use paribhASita karate hue likhA hai, tattvadraSTAoM ne usa prANI ko rudra kahA hai jisakA Azaya, manobhAva yA abhiprAya krUratA liye hotA hai| vaise krUra vyakti ke karma athavA bhAva yA tanmUlaka cintana, usameM ekAgratA ko raudra dhyAna kahA jAtA hai|48 zAbdika vyutpatti kI dRSTi se raudrayati drAvayati anyAn iti rudra:-jo auroM ko rulA de, zoka-vihvala banA de vaha hai| aise krUratA, nirdayatA yukta vyakti kA tadviSayaka ekAgra cintana raudra dhyAna meM samAviSTa hai| Age raudra dhyAna ke hiMsAnanda, mRSAnanda, cauryAnanda aura saMrakSaNAnanda rUpa cAra bhedoM kI carcA kI hai| hiMsAnanda : hiMsAnanda bheda kA pratipAdana karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai- prANiyoM ke samUha ko apane dvArA tathA auroM ke dvArA pIr3ita kiye jAne para, mAre jAne para, jo vyakti apane mana meM harSa kA anubhava karatA jAya, vaise duzcintana meM lage vaha hiMsAnanda nAmaka raudradhyAna hai| jo vyakti nirantara niSkaruNa-kAruNya rahita nirdaya bhAva liye rahatA hai, svabhAva se hI jisakA krodha rUpa kaSAya uddIpta yA prajvalita rahatA hai, jo madoddhata rahatA hai, jisakI buddhi meM pApa samAyA rahatA hai, jo kuzIla hotA hai, nAstika hotA hai evaM saddharma meM anAsakta hotA hai, aisA vyakti raudra dhyAna kA dhAma-ghara kahA gayA hai| jIvoM kI hiMsA karane meM kuzalatA, pravINatA, pApapUrNa kArya meM upadeza karane meM nipuNatA, nAstika siddhAMtoM kA nirUpaNa karane meM dakSatA, prANiyoM ke atipAta-hanana karane meM anuraktatA, nirdayaprANI ke sAtha sahavAsa tathA svabhAvata: krUratA jina vyaktiyoM meM hotI hai unakA dhyAna prazAntacetA, pUjyajanoM ne raudra kahA hai| yahA~ prANiyoM kA kisa upAya se ghAta kiyA jA sake, ghAta karane meM kauna pravINa hai, ghAta karane meM kisakA anurAga hai, vaha kitane dinoM meM jIvoM kA ghAta kara 48. vahI, 26.2 49. vahI, 26.3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 27 ~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza pAyegA, jIvoM ko mArakara, bali dekara kIrti, zAnti Adi hetu maiM devAdi kI pUjA karU~gA-arcana karU~gA, isa prakAra ke prANI jo hiMsAmUlaka cintana meM Ananda lete haiM vaha hiMsAnanda raudradhyAna ke antargata hai / gaganacara, sthalacara, jalacara prANiyoM ke khaNDa karane, jalAne, bA~dhane, chedane evaM ghAtane Adi kA yatna karanA, unake carma, nakha, hAtha, netra Adi kA utpATana karane Adi krUra karmoM meM jinheM kutUhala manoraMjana pratIta ho aise krUracetA vyaktiyoM kA dhyAna isI koTi meM hai / " 50 isa saMdarbha meM maharSi pataMjali kRta 'yogasUtra' kA vaha prasaMga smaraNIya hai jahA~ 'yogasUtra' ke samAdhipAda ke dUsare sUtra 'yogazcittavRtti nirodhaH" kA bhASyakAra vyA ne vivecana kiyA hai| cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha zubha aura azubha donoM hI prakAra ke lakSyoM yA kendroM para kiyA jA sakatA hai| aisA kiye jAne ke mUla meM karane vAle vyakti kI mAnasikatA hI kAraNa banatI hai| jahA~ AtmasAdhanA kA dhyeya ho vahA~ sAdhaka pavitra pAvana dhyeya para apanI vRtti ko TikAtA hai, usakA nirodha karatA hai yA ekAgra karatA hai / kintu jahA~ vyakti kI mAnasikatA vicAragrasta ho vahA~ ekAgratA to ho sakatI hai kintu usakA kendra AtmaviparIta dUSita yA pApa pUrNa hotA hai / bhASyakAra vyAsa ne isa prasaMga meM kSipta, mUr3ha, vikSipta, ekAgra evaM niruddha ke rUpa meM pA~ca manobhUmiyoM kA jo vivecana kiyA hai, usake antargata kSipta bhUmi kA jo pratipAdana huA hai usake anusAra kSipta bhUmi meM avasthita sAdhaka meM AdhyAtmika viSayoM ke cintana ke lie jaisI sthiratA honI cAhie, vaisI nahIM hotI / usakA asthiratA yukta citta, hiMsA, vaimanasya tathA dveSa Adi se AviSTa rahatA hai aura unhIM para vaha ekAgra yA dhyAnastha ho sakatA hai| khaNDa: SaSTha yadyapi yaha dhyAna to hai kintu dUSita, azubha aura anupAdeya hai / bhASyakAra vyAsa kA yaha vivecana raudra dhyAna ke hiMsAnanda bheda se tulanIya hai / 50. vahI, 26.4-8 F 28

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama mRSAnanda: raudradhyAna ke dUsare bheda mRSAnanda ko paribhASita karate hue unhoMne likhA hai"manuSya asatyamUlaka kalpanA jAla ke pAparUpI kAluSya se malinacitta hokara jo kucha ceSTA karatA hai, tanmUlaka puna:-puna: vicAra karatA hai, aisA karane meM saMlagna hotA hai, vaha mRSAnanda nAmaka raudradhyAna hai| mRSAnanda dhyAna meM anurakta puruSa aisA socatA hai ki pravaJcanApUrNa zAstroM kI racanA kara asatya evaM nirdayatApUrNa mArga ko pracalita kara jagat ko usa mArga meM pravRtta kara kaSToM meM DAlakara apanA manovAMchita sukha maiM hI bhogUM, asatyapUrNa cAturya ke prabhAva se logoM kA aneka prakAra se dhana grahaNa karU~, azva, gaja, nagara, ratnasamUha, sundara kanyAyeM Adi prApta karU~, isa prakAra saddharma se cyuta hokara asatya vacanoM dvArA vaJcanA pUrvaka Thage, aisA puruSa raudradhyAna ke mRSAnanda bheda kA dhAma-gRha-AvAsasthAna hai| doSarahita janoM ke mithyAkalpita Aropita doSoM ko siddha kara apane asatyamUlaka kauzala ke prabhAva se apane zatruoM kA rAjA ke dvArA athavA anya kisI ke dvArA ghAta karavAU~, maravAU~ isa prakAra kA cintana isI ke antargata hai| - apane vAk kauzala, vacana kI pravINatA ke prayoga dvArA apane vAMchita prayojanoM ko siddha karane hetu ajJajanoM ko nirarthaka saMkaTa meM DAlU~, aisA cintana bhI raudradhyAna ke isI bheda ke antargata hai|51 cauryAnandaH cauryAnanda dhyAna kA lakSaNa batalAte hue granthakAra ne kahA hai ki jo corI ke kAryoM ke upadeza ke adhikya tathA caurya karma meM cAturya aura unameM tatparacitta ho, usakI mAnasikatA, ekAgratA usI dizA meM banI rahatI hai vaha cauryAnanda dhyAna hai| jo caurya karma ke lie nirantara cintita rahe, corI karake harSita evaM Anandita rahe tathA corI dvArA dUsare ke dhana kA haraNa kare, jJAnIjanoM ne vaise puruSa ke dhyAna ko cauryAnanda raudradhyAna kahA hai|52 51. vahI, 26.16-22 52. vahI, 26-24-25 29 ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa: SaSTha saMrakSaNAnanda : jo prANI raudra-krUra citta hokara apane Arambha-samArambha evaM parigraha kI rakSA hetu niyama se udyata rahe, satata prayatnazIla rahe tathA apanI mana:saMkalpa paramparA ko usI ke sAtha jor3e rakhe, citta meM krUratApUrNa mahattA kA avalambana kara aisA soce ki maiM rAjA hU~, parama zaktizAlI hU~, maiM apane prApta parigraha tathA bhogopabhoga Adi ke padArthoM kA saMrakSaNa karane meM samartha huuN| isa prakAra kI citta kI ekAgratA viSayasaMrakSaNaraudradhyAna ke bheda meM samAviSTa hai|53 raudra dhyAna ke bAhya cihna : raudradhyAna ke cAroM bhedoM kA nirUpaNa karane ke pazcAt granthakAra ne raudradhyAna kI pahacAna kA varNana karate hue likhA hai-krUratA, daNDa kI paruSatA, daNDa kI bhISaNatA, vaJcakatA, kaThoratA evaM nRzaMsatA ye raudradhyAna kI Antarika pahacAna haiN| cinagArI kI jyoM netroM kI lAlimA, bhauMhoM kI vakratA, AkRti kI bhayAnakatA, deha kI kaMpanazIlatA tathA zarIra meM sveda kA A jAnA ityAdi raudradhyAna ke bAhya cihna haiN| raudradhyAna kSAyopazamika bhAva hai| isakA samaya antarmuhUrta paryanta mAnA gayA hai| isake sAtha dUSita abhiprAya jur3e rahate haiM isalie yaha aprazasta hai| jaba yaha dhyAna prANiyoM meM AvirbhUta hotA hai to lokatraya ke vaibhava ko prApta karavAne vAlA dharma rUpI kalpavRkSa Adhe kSaNa mAtra meM dagdha ho jAtA hai| anta meM, unhoMne aprazasta dhyAnoM kI utpatti ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki anAdikAla ke dRr3ha saMskAroM ke pariNAmasvarUpa jIvoM ke svayaM hI binA kisI prayatna ke ye durdhyAna pratikSaNa utpanna hote rahate haiN|55 atyanta preraNApUrNa zabdoM meM granthakAra ne sAdhaka ko udbodhita karate hue kahA hai ki he dhIra puruSa yadi tU mokSamArga meM saMpravRtta huA hai to aneka rUpa nindanIya dUSita 53. vahI, 26.29 54. vahI, 26.37-40 55. vahI, 26.43 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 ~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha dhyAnoM kA parityAga kara / parama pAvana mahApuruSoM ne aisA upadeza kiyA hai, usa para bhI bhA~ti cintana kara tuma una durdhyAnoM ko zIghrAtizIghra chodd'o| ye durdhyAna pApa rUpI aTavI ke bIja rUpa haiM, jitane bhI pApa haiM inhIM se panapate haiM / ye ghora duHkha yukta phala dene vAle haiM, ataeva sarvathA parityAjya evaM pariya haiM / 56 dharmadhyAna kI ArAdhanA : dhyAna ke abhyAsa meM lagane ko samudyata sAdhaka ko sambodhita kara granthakAra likhA hai ki prazamabhAva kaSAya kI mandatAjanita zuddha sAttvika bhAvoM kA avalambana kara apane mana ko vaza meM kara kAmabhogoM se, tadgata vAsanAoM se virata hokara dharmadhyAna kA anucintana karo | S7 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama unhoMne Age likhA hai, dhyAna aura vairAgya se yukta, indriya aura mana kA saMvaraNa karane vAlA, unheM jItane vAlA sthiracetA, mumukSu, dhIra, pramAda evaM Alasya zUnya dhyAtA hI prazaMsanIya hai| hue vaisA dhyAnayogI apane dvArA svIkRta dhyAna sAdhane kI tattvataH arhatA liye hai| jJAnavairAgya kI carcA kara granthakAra ne Age dhyAnAbhyAsI kI citta kI nirmalatA, pavitratA aura udAratA ke lie, jo dhyAna ke samyak nirvAha hetu Avazyaka hai, aisI maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya, mAdhyasthya rUpa cAra bhAvanAoM kA abhyAsa karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| dhyAna ke siddha hone meM inheM sahayogI mAnA hai / maitrI bhAvanA : granthakAra ne likhA hai- kSudra, sUkSma, bAdara yA sthUla bheda yukta trasa sthAvara prANI tathA vibhinna yoniyoM meM avasthita jIva apanI-apanI sukha - duHkhAdi avasthAoM meM vidyamAna haiM, una saba ke prati samAnatA kA bhAva rakhate hue kisI kI bhI virAdhanA na ho, sabhI apane-apane rUpa meM sukhI raheM, saba ke prati isa prakAra kA uttama cintana maitrI bhAvanA hai| sabhI prANI kleza aura duHkha se rahita hokara apanA jIvana jIte raheM, vaira aura pApapUrNa kAryoM tathA parapIr3ana kA parityAga kara saba sukhI raheM / 58 56. vahI, 26.44 vahI, 27-1 vahI, 27.6-7 57. 58. 31

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza kAruNya : jo loga dainya, zoka, trasa, rogAdi janita pIr3A se duHkhita haiM, ghAta evaM bandhana se avaruddha haiM, jo apane jIvana kI icchA rakhate hue aisI dainyapUrNa yAcanA kara rahe haiM, 'hameM bacAo' jo bhUkha, pyAsa, zrama Adi se pIr3ita haiM, zaitya, auSNya Adi se duHkhita haiM, nirdaya puruSoM dvArA utpIr3ita haiM, maraNa bhaya se Artta haiM aise duHkhI prANiyoM ko dekhakara unake duHkha ko dUra karane ke upAya karane kA cintana kAruNya bhAvanA hai| 59 pramoda bhAvanA : jo puruSa tapazcaraNa, zAstrAdhyayana aura yama-niyama Adi sAdhanA meM udyamayukta haiM, jJAna hI jinake cakSu haiM, jo viziSTa jJAnI haiM, indriya, mana, kaSAya ke vijetA haiM, Atma tattva kA abhyAsa karane vAloM meM nipuNa haiM, tInoM lokoM ko camatkRta karane vAle cAritra meM jinakI AtmA adhiSThita hai, aise puruSoM ke guNoM meM pramoda - harSa kA anubhava karanA muditA yA pramoda bhAvanA hai| 60 mAdhyasthya bhAvanA : jo prANI krodhI, krUrakarmI, madhu-madya-mAMsasevI, parastrIlubdha, atyanta pApapUrNa AcArayukta, deva, zAstra evaM gurujana ke niMdaka haiM, Atma prazaMsaka evaM nAstika haiM aise janoM ke prati rAga dveSa rahita, upekSA bhAva rakhanA, udAsIna rahanA mAdhyasthya bhAvanA hai| 61 59. vahI, 27.8.10 60. vahI, 27-11-12 61. vahI, 27.13-14 khaNDa: SaSTha ~~ ina bhAvanAoM kI mahanIyatA kA varNana karate hue AcAryazrI ne likhA hai- ye cAroM bhAvanAyeM sAdhaka janoM ke lie Ananda rUpI amRta ke sadRza saMpravAha karane vAlI candra - jyotsnA ke samAna hai| inase rAgAdi kA vipula kleza vidhvasta ho jAtA hai tathA ye lokAgra - patha-loka ke agra bhAga meM vidyamAna mokSasthAna ko prakAzita karane meM dIpaka ke sadRza haiN| ina bhAvanAoM meM jo yogI ramaNa karatA hai vaha isI loka meM AtmA se AvirbhUta hone vAle atizaya yukta indriya nirapekSa adhyAtma sukha ko prApta hotA hai| - 32

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jo yogI ina bhAvanAoM meM lIna rahatA hai vaha jagat ke vRttAnta ko, usakI vAstavikatA ko jAnatA huA nizcaya hI adhyAtma bhAva ko svIkAra karatA hai| vaha jAgatika pravRttiyoM meM, indriyoM ke viSayoM meM vimohita nahIM hotaa| ina bhAvanAoM kA samyak parizIlana karane para sAdhaka kI mohanidrA chUTa jAtI hai aura vaha yoganidrA ko prApta hotA hai| jaba vaha mahAn sAdhaka ina bhAvanAoM ko svAyatta kara letA hai to vaha samasta jagat kI vAstavikatA ko adhigata kara letA hai, vaha udAsIna bhAva prApta kara letA hai aura yoga meM mukta kI jyoM saMpravRtta rahatA hai tathA mukti jaise sukha kI anubhUti karatA hai|62 dhyAna yogya sthAna : ____ dhyAna sAdhanA kA saMbaMdha mukhyata: AtmA ke sAtha hai kintu sthAna Adi bAhya pakSoM kI anukUlatA-sAttvikatA isameM sahAyaka banatI hai| isa saMdarbha meM AcArya zubhacandra ne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki dhanya-saubhAgyazAlI uttama muni rAgAdi rUpa pApa phA~sI ke jAla ko kATakara acintya, aparimita parAkrama yukta hotA huA dhyAnasiddhi ke lie vivikta-ekAnta sthAna ko svIkAra karatA hai| dhyAna evaM adhyayana kI siddhi ke lie uttama munIzvaroM ne kaI sthAnoM ko utkRSTa aura kaI sthAnoM ko dUSita batalAyA hai| prANiyoM kA citta dUSita sthAna ke kAraNa tatkAla vikAragrasta ho jAtA hai aura vahI mana uttama sthAna ke kAraNa, nizcala evaM sthira ho jAtA hai|63 granthakAra ne una sthAnoM kA jo vikArotpAdaka haiM, vistAra se varNana kiyA hai|64 niSkarSa yaha hai ki dhyAnayogI sadaiva isa ora pUrI sAvadhAnI varte ki jisa sthAna para vaha dhyAna karatA hai vaha sthAna sarvathA nirApada, prazAnta, ekAnta aura sAttvika vAtAvaraNamaya ho| isalie anta meM granthakAra ne puna: kahA hai ki saMsAra meM jo dhyAnasiddhi meM 62. vahI, 27.15-19 63. vahI, 27.21-22 64. vahI, 27.23-33 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 33 Mmmmmm.

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha vighnakAraka sthAna haiM, sAdhaka ko svapna meM bhI unakA sevana nahIM karanA caahie|65 AcArya zubhacandra kI varNanazailI se yaha bhalI bhA~ti prakaTa hotA hai ki vighnanivRtti kI dizA meM ve sAdhaka ko jAgarUka aura sAvadhAna rahane kI bAra-bAra sUcanA karate rahe haiN| ve mAnava-mana ke vijJa the| mAnavIya durbalatAoM ko jAnate the| anukUla-pratikUla vighnoM meM kisa prakAra vyakti pathabhraSTa ho jAtA hai, yaha samajhate the| isalie vaise viSayoM se dUra rahane kI ve jahA~ bhI prasaMga AyA, vizeSa rUpa se niSedha kI bhASA meM preraNA dete rhe| vighnoM ko TAlane kI prabala mAnasikatA sAdhaka meM sadaiva ujjIvita rahe, unakA yahI abhipreta thaa| ___ ata eva AcArya zubhacandra ne dhyAnayogya sthAnoM kI carcA karate hue likhA hai ki siddhakSetra jahA~ bar3e bar3e mahApuruSa dhyAna kara siddhatva ko prApta hue, purANapuruSoM tIrthaMkara Adi mahApuruSoM ne jina sthAnoM ko Azrita kara sAdhanA kI, aise pAvana sthala, tIrthaMkaroM ke kalyANaka sthAna Adi meM sAdhaka ko dhyAnasAdhanA kA nirvighna abhyAsa karane se dhyAnasiddhi prApta hotI hai| tadanantara unhoMne samudrataTa, vanabhUmi, parvatazikhara, nadItaTa, kamalAnvita bhUkhaNDa, prAkAra - nagara kA parakoTA, zAlavRkSoM ke samUha, nadiyoM ke samUha, jala ke madhyavartI dvIpa, niravadya koTara, purAtana vana, zmazAna, parvata kI jIvAdi rahita guphA ityAdi sthAnoM kI carcA kI hai| usa saMbaMdha meM puna: kahA hai ki jahA~ rAgAdi doSa nirantara laghutA ko prApta karatA jAya, dhyAna ke samaya sAdhaka ko vaisA hI sthAna grahaNa karanA caahie|68 Asana : sthAna cayana ke pazcAt sAdhaka dhyAna hetu kahA~ sthita ho, isa saMbaMdha meM granthakAra ne likhA hai- dhairyazIla, Atma-parAkramI sAdhaka samAdhi kI siddhi ke lie 65. vahI, 27.34 66. vahI, 28-1 67. vahI, 28.2-7 68. vahI, 28.8 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~~~~~~ 34

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khaNDa : SaSTha kATha ke takhte, patthara kI zilA athavA jamIna para yA bAlU reta para bhalIbhA~ti sthira hokara Asanastha bane / 69 unhoMne paryaMkAsana, arddhaparyaMkAsana, vajrAsana, vIrAsana, sukhAsana, kamalAsana tathA kAyotsarga dhyAnayogya ina AsanoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| 70 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Age likhA hai ki jisa-jisa Asana meM sAdhaka sukhapUrvaka upaviSTa ho sake, nizcala ho sake, vahI Asana usake lie uttama hai, grAhya hai| isa samaya kAladoSa se dehadhAriyoM meM vIrya kI vikalatA hai arthAt parAkrama kI kSINatA yA sAmarthya kI hInatA hai / isa kAraNa katipaya AcAryoM ne paryaMkAsana aura kAyotsarga ina do ko hI prazasta kahA hai| kyoMki jo vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhanana yukta parAkramI niSkampa - dhIra puruSa sthirAsana the ve hI sarvAvasthAoM meM dhyAna karake pUrva kAla meM siddhatva ko prApta hue haiN| 71 dhyAnasiddhi ke saMbaMdha meM granthakAra ne kahA hai ki jaba sAdhaka kA citta avikSipta-vikSeparahita hokara AtmasvarUponmukha hotA hai usa samaya hI dhyAna kI siddhi hotI hai| dhyAnasiddhi meM sthAna aura Asana kA bhI kAraNa ke rUpa meM vidhAna hai| yadi unameM se eka bhI na ho to dhyAnayogI kA citta vikSepa rahita nahIM ho paataa| jo sAdhaka saMvega - vairAgyayukta ho, karmAsravoM ko rokane meM saMlagna ho, dhIra AtmabalI ho, Atmasthira ho, nirmala Azaya yukta ho, vaha sabhI avasthAoM meM, sabhI sthAnoM meM, sabhI samaya meM dhyAna kara sakatA hai| cAhe nirjana sthAna ho yA jana-sa na-saMkIrNa bhU-bhAga ho, anukUla yA pratikUla sthitiyA~ hoM, yadi sAdhaka kA citta sthira hai to vaha unameM dhyAna karane meM sakSama hotA hai| dhyAna ke samaya prasanna hote hue pUrva dizA yA uttara dizA meM mukha kara dhyAna karanA uttama hai| 72 anta meM, unhoMne dhyAnAbhyAsI ko vizeSa rUpa se sAvadhAna karate hue likhA hai ki jaba vaha dhyAna kA Asana jamA kara baiThe to usakA mana viveka yAnI bhedabhAva rUpa sAgara kI taraMgoM se nirmala ho, jJAna rUpI maMtra se rAgAdi samasta viSama graha, pizAca 69. vahI, 28.9 jJAnArNava 28.10 70. 71. vahI, 28.19.23 vahI, 72. 28.11-13 35 PA Prod

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha nikAla diye gaye hoM, sAgara kI jyoM vaha agAdha gaMbhIratA liye ho, meru parvata ke sadRza usameM nizcalatA ho, jisake aMga - pratyaMga tathA mana kisI bhI prakAra se calita-vicalita na hoM, jisake vega saMkalpa zAMta hoM, samasta bhrama vinaSTa hoM, vaha utanA nizcala banA ho ki samIpastha medhAvI jana bhI aisA bhamra karane lage ki kyA yaha pASANa mUrti hai ? yaha citrAMkita pratimA hai ? yaha Asanajaya kI siddhi kA rUpa hai| prANAyAma: 'jJAnArNava' ke 29veM sarga meM prANAyAma kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prANAyAma aSTAMga yoga kA cauthA aMga hai| prANAyAma zabda prANa aura AyAma ina do zabdoM se banA hai| 'prANAnAm AyAma: praannaayaam:'| prANa kA artha vAyu hai| saMskRta meM prANa zabda nitya bahuvacana meM prayukta hotA hai| ucchvAsa, ni:zvAsa ke rUpa meM isakA pratikSaNa saMcaraNa hotA hai| yahI daihika jIvana kA lakSaNa hai| yoga meM ucchvAsa-ni:zvAsa ke niyamana kA vizeSa rUpa se vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| maharSi pataMjali ne usakA lakSaNa batAte hue saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA hai| haThayoga meM isa para vizeSa rUpa se carcA huI hai| haThayoga-pradIpikA' meM prANAyAma ke mahattva kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki prANavAyu ke calita, caMcala hone para mana bhI caMcala ho jAtA hai tathA prANavAyu ke nizcala-susthira hone para mana meM bhI sthiratA A jAtI hai| prANavAyu ko sthira kara lene vAlA yogI sthANu kI jyoM acala ho jAtA hai| ataeva prANavAyu ke nirodha kA abhyAsa karanA caahie| zarIra meM jaba taka prANavAyu hai tabhI taka use jIvita kahA jAtA hai| zarIra se prANavAyu ke niSkrAnta ho jAne para mRta kahA jAtA hai|3 'gheraNDa saMhitA' meM kahA gayA hai ki jo yogI zvAsa ko-ucchvAsa-ni:zvAsa ko jIta letA hai, usakA mana usI prakAra se rajoguNa se virata ho jAtA hai jaise dhauMkanI se prajvalita agni meM tapAne se lohe kA maila jala jAtA hai| 4 jainAcAryoM ne apane dvArA racita yoga viSayaka granthoM meM prANAyAma ke saMdarbha meM apane-apane dRSTikoNa ke anusAra carcA kI hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA meM vaha jitanA, jaisA, 73. haThayogapradIpikA, 2.2-3 74. gheraNDa saMhitA pR. 123 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 36 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jahA~ upayogI ho sake usI rUpa meM svIkArya hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne isa viSaya ko bhI apane vivecya viSayoM meM svIkAra kiyA hai| unhoMne prArambha meM prANAyAma kI vizeSatA kI carcA karate hue kahA hai ki jina saMyamI puruSoM ne sat siddhAMtoM kA bhalI-bhA~ti nirNaya kiyA hai, jinhoMne dharma ke vAstavika tattva ko nizcita kara svIkAra kiyA hai, unhoMne antarAtmA kI sthiratA aura dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie prANAyAma ko prazaMsanIya yA prazasta kahA hai| 75 unhoMne Age pUraka, kuMbhaka aura recaka ke rUpa meM prANAyAma ke suparicita tIna bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne kahA hai ki tAluve ke chidra se athavA bAraha aMgula paryaMta se vAyu ko khIMcakara use apanI icchAnusAra apane zarIra meM pUraNa karanA vAyuvijJAnavettAoM dvArA pUraka pavana kahA gayA hai / usa pUraka pavana ko sthira kara nAbhikamala meM jaise ghaTa ko bharA jAya vaise rokanA, sthira karanA, anya sthAna kI ora na jAne denA kumbhaka hai| apane koSThasthita pavana ko atyanta yatna ke sAtha dhIre-dhIre bAhara nikAlane kI kriyA pavanAgama-prANavAyu viSayaka zAstra ke vidvAnoM dvArA recaka kahI gayI hai| nAbhiskaMdha se niHsRta tathA hRdaya kamala meM se hokara tAlurandhra meM vizrAnta ( sthita ) pavana ko paramezvara prANavAyu kA svAmI kahA gayA hai| 76 75. jJAnArNava 29-1 76. vahI, 29.3-7 77. vahI, 29.10-12 ht granthakAra ne prANAyAma se sambaddha sUkSma kiyA kA varNana karate hue kahA hai prANAyAma kA abhyAsa karane vAlA yogI tandrArahita yA pramAdazUnya hokara yatnapUrvaka apane mana ko vAyu ke sAtha dhIre-dhIre hRdayakamala kI karNikA meM praviSTa karAkara vahA~ niyantrita kare | vaisA kara lene para mana meM vikalpa nahIM uThate aura viSayoM kI AzAtRSNA bhI vinaSTa ho jAtI hai / antaraMga meM viziSTa jJAna kI jyoti saMsphurita hotI hai / isa prANavAyu viSayaka sAdhanA kA phala mana kA vazIkaraNa hai| isa prakAra jo yogI mana ko vaza meM kara letA hai, adhyAtma bhAva se anuprANita rahatA hai, usakI avidyA kSaNabhara meM naSTa ho jAtI hai| indriyA~ mada rahita vana jAtI haiM aura kaSAya kSINa ho jAte haiN| 77 37

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha prANAyAma kI sAdhanA se niSpanna vizeSatAoM kI carcA karate hue AcArya likhate haiM ki jo puruSa prANAyAma kA avalambana karate haiM unakA citta sthira ho jAtA hai| citta kI sthiratA hone se viziSTa jJAna kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| usase yogI jagat meM samasta vRttAnta ko pratyakSavat jAnane lagatA hai| isake anantara granthakAra ne prANAyAma kI aura bhI sUkSma vidyAoM kA pRthvI, vAyu, jala, agni tattva ke AdhAra para varNana kiyA hai| bhautika deha meM ye tattva vidyamAna haiM, jinake sAtha vizeSa rUpa se zvAsocchvAsa ke samAyojana kA vizeSa krama pratipAdita kiyA hai| pratyAhAra kA svarUpa : pratyAhAra zabda pratyAhriyante indriyANi viSayebhyo yena sa prtyaahaarH| jisake dvArA indriyA~ viSayoM se pratyAhRta kara, khIMcakara vazameM kI jAtI haiM use pratyAhAra kahA jAtA hai| indriyoM ke sAtha-sAtha mana para bhI yaha ghaTita hotA hai| yogAMgoM meM yama se prANAyAma taka cAroM aMga yoga ke bAhya aMga kahe jAte haiN| Age ke cAra Antarita aMga kahe gaye haiN| kyoMki unakA indriya aura mana ke jaise tathA AtmAbhyudaya se saMbaMdha hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne pUrva yogAMga krama ke anusAra prANAyAma ke pazcAt pratyAhAra kA varNana kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai- prazAnta buddhi yukta sAdhaka apanI indriyoM aura mana ko unake viSayoM se khIMca kara jahA~-jahA~ usakI icchA ho vahA~ dhAraNa kare vaha pratyAhAra hai| jisakI parigraha Adi se Asakti miTa gayI hai, jisakA anta:karaNa saMvara meM anurakta hai, kacchapa kI jyoM jisane apane Apako pApAsrava se saMvRta kara rakhA hai vaisA saMyamI sAdhaka rAga-dveSa rahita samabhAva yukta hokara dhyAnataMtra meM, dhyAnAbhyAsa meM sthira hone hetu pratyAhAra svIkAra karatA hai| jitendriya sAdhaka viSayoM se apanI indriyoM ko pRthak kare, phira indriyoM se mana ko pRthak kare aura mana ko nirAkula banAkara apane lalATa para nizcalatApUrvaka TikAye, dhAraNa kare, yaha pratyAhAra kI eka vidhi hai| pratyAhAra dvArA indriyoM ke viSayoM se khIMcA gayA, pRthak kiyA gayA mana samasta upAdhiyoM rAgAdi rUpa vikalpoM se rahita ho jAtA hai, samabhAva ko adhigata kara vaha AtmalIna bana jAtA hai|9 78. vahI, 29.14 79. vahI, 30.1.5 38 - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhAraNA : dhAraNA pAtaMjala yoga kA chaThA aMga hai| yogAMgoM meM kramaza: dhyAna kI dizA kI ora agrasara hotA huA sAdhaka pratyAhAra siddha kara lene para dhAraNA para AtA hai| dhAraNA dhyAna kI pUrva pIThikA hai, aisA kahA jAtA hai| zarIra ke kisI aMgavizeSa para athavA kisI bahirvartI lakSya vizeSa para citta ko bA~dha denA, TikAdenA, dhAraNA kahA gayA hai|80 AcArya zubhacandra ne tIsaveM sarga meM kevala do zlokoM meM dhAraNA ke dehagata lakSya binduoM ko lekara nirUpaNa kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki indriyasamUha kA nirodha kara unakI viSayAnugAmI gati ko roka kara samatva kA avalambana kara sAdhaka ko apane mana ko apane lalATa pradeza meM saMlIna karanA caahie|81 nirmalamati AcAryoM ne netrayugala, zravaNayugala, nAsikA kA agra bhAga, lalATa, mukha, nAbhi, mastiSka, hRdaya, tAlu, donoM bhauMhoM kA madhya bhAga inheM dhyAna sthAna ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA hai| inameM se kisI eka ko Alambana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara citta ko TikAnA caahie| ina sthAnoM meM citta ko vizrAnta karanA, ThaharAnA, svasaMvedana rUpa dhyAna kA kAraNa banatA hai| 82 granthakAra ne citta ko kisI eka sthAna para TikAne meM deha ke antarvartI kendroM ko hI mukhya mAnate hue unakA vivecana kiyA hai| una kendroM para citta ko baddha-niyaMtrita ekAgra karane se sAdhaka meM antarvartitA phalita hotI hai| deha ke bahirvartI sthAnoM para citta ko TikAne kA ullekha na karane ke pIche granthakAra kA yaha sUkSma abhiprAya parilakSita hotA hai| savIryadhyAna: ____ 31veM sarga meM AcArya zubhacandra ne eka vizeSa anubhUta dRSTikoNa se dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai jisakA parizIlana karane se sAdhaka meM dhyAnasiddhi karane kI kSamatA kA udbhava ho| dhyAnastha hone ke pUrva sAdhaka yaha cintana kare ki yaha kitane bar3e kheda kA viSaya hai ki maiM to ananta guNa rUpa kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle sUrya samAna 80. yogasUtra 3.1 81. jJAnArNava 30.12 82. vahI, 30.13-14 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 39 ~~~~~~~ R

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza . khaNDa : SaSTha hU~, tathApi isa saMsAra rUpI bhayAnaka aTavI meM karma rUpI zatruoM dvArA vaMcita huA hai, ThagA gayA hU~, ata: sva svarUpa ko bhUla rahA huuN| maiM apane hI vibhrama, bhrAntimaya cintana aura karmoM dvArA utpanna rAgAdi atula bandhanoM se ba~dhA huA hU~, ananta kAla se janmamaraNamaya saMsAra meM viDambita hU~, viDambanAmaya jIvana jI rahA huuN| isa samaya merA rAgAtmaka jvara to cintana ke pariNAmasvarUpa jIrNa ho gayA hai, utara gayA hai, moha nidrA chUTa gayI hai| dhyAna rUpI khaDga dvArA maiM apane zatruoM kA hanana karane jA rahA huuN| ajJAnAndhakAra ko dUra kara AtmA kA maiM avalokana kara rahA hU~ tathA atyanta tIvra karma rUpa IMdhana ke samUha ko dagdha karane jA rahA huuN| prabala dhyAna vajra dvArA pApavRkSoM kA vinAza kara DAlU~ jisase puna: bhavacakra meM mujhe na bhaTakanA pdd'e| janma-maraNAtmaka moharUpa jvara se utpanna mUrchA ke kAraNa maiM aMdhA bana gayA, mere netra nisteja ho gaye, ata: bheda-vijJAna dvArA utpanna mokSamArga kA maiMne sAkSAtkAra nahIM kiyaa| mere netra samasta loka ko dekhane hetu advitIya haiM kintu mithyAtva rUpI bhISaNa magaramaccha ne dA~toM se mere citta ko carvita kara DAlA ataeva maiM kucha bhI dekha-jAna nahIM skaa| merI AtmA paramAtmA hai| parama jyotiryukta, jJAna svarUpamaya hai| vaha saMsAra meM sabase jyeSTha aura mahAna hai| kaisA Azcarya hai ki maiM vartamAna meM ramaNIya dikhane vAle, anta meM nIrasa hone vAle indriyoM ke viSayoM se ThagAyA gayA hai| maiM (AtmA) aura paramAtmA donoM hI jJAnanetramaya haiM apanI AtmA dvArA paramAtma svarUpa ko prApta karane kI merI Antarika abhIpsA hai|83 isa prakAra AtmavIrya-Antarika zakti yA parAkrama ko samudita karane kI dRSTi se graMthakAra kA yaha vivecana bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai| yaha cintana sAdhaka ko usake zuddha svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karAtA hai| usakA cintana krama aura Age bar3hatA hai| maiM anantavIrya, ananta vijJAna, ananta Ananda svarUpa huuN| mere isa anantavIrya Adi ke pratipakSI-virodhI zatru karma haiM jo vaTavRkSa ke tulya haiN| kyA maiM inakA mUloccheda na karU~ ? maiM apane sAmarthya ko isI samaya prApta kara paramAnandamaya Atmamadira meM praveza kara apane svarUpa se kadApi pracyuta na bnuuN| bAhya padArthoM meM rahI huI apanI vAMchA kA nAza kara jaba maiM AtmasvarUpa meM sthira hotA hU~ taba Anandamaya bana jAtA huuN| phira anya vAMchAoM kA koI sthAna hI nahIM rhtaa| apane isa svarUpa meM maiM sthira kyoM na banA rhN|84 83. vahI, 31.1-9 84. vahI, 31.14-15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 40 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyAnAnurata saMyamI sAdhaka paramAtmasvarUpa meM mana lagAkara usake hI guNasamUha meM raMjita rhe| unameM apanI AtmA ko svarUpasiddhi hetu yojita kare, tanmaya bnaaye| isa prakAra AtmasmaraNa AtmAnucintana, AtmAnubhavana karatA huA dhyAna yogI paramAtmasvarUpa kA avalambana kara tanmayatA prApta kara letA hai| vaha sAdhaka anya sabakI zaraNa kA parityAga kara paramAtmA-svarUpa ko hI zaraNa rUpa mAnatA hai, usameM tallIna ho jaataa| vahA~ dhyAtA aura dhyAna donoM ke bheda kA astitva nahIM rahatA tathA dehasvarUpa se aikya prApta ho jAtA hai|85 savIryadhyAna, AtmaparAkrama pUrNa dhyAna kA jo abhyAsa-prayoga karate haiM unake citta rUpI sarovara meM uThatI huI rAga-dveSAtmaka taraMgeM zithila ho jAtI haiM, miTatI hI jAtI haiM tathA prazAnta bhAva kA udgata hotA hai| AtmAnubhUti kI jyoti prakAzita hotI hai| antarAtmA kA svarUpa kitanA zAnta aura zreyas pUrNa hai, aisA anubhUta hotA hai|86 ____ anta meM, sAra rUpa meM granthakAra ne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki paramAtmasvarUpa ke jJAna ke binA prANI saMsAra rUpa isa bhavArNava meM bhramaNa karatA hai| use adhigata kara lene se vaha devendra se bhI adhika mahattva prApta kara letA hai| vahI paramAtmA samasta loka ke lie Ananda kA nilaya, AvAsa-sthAna hai| vaha parama jyoti svarUpa hai, sabakA trAtA, rakSaka yA zaraNapradAyaka hai, parama puruSa hai, vaha anirvacanIya hai| dharmadhyAna ke bhedaH AjJA vicaya - 33veM sarga meM dharmadhyAna ke paramparAgata cAra bhedoM kA ullekha kara jinAjJA yA upadeza para avalambita AjJAvicaya dhyAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| granthakAra ne kahA hai- pramANa, naya evaM nikSepoM dvArA nirmita, sthiti, utpatti vyaya saMyukta cetana-acetana svarUpa tattva kA cintana, usa para ekAgratA, AjJA-vicaya dhyAna ke antargata hai| sarvajJa prabhu ke upadezarUpa zrutajJAna zabda aura artha ke prakAza se samAyukta hai| samagra vidyAoM kA AcAra Adi aMga pUrvaka jJAnAdi ke rUpa meM jo dravyazruta bhAvazruta hai usa para cintana ko ekAgra bhAva se isa dhyAna meM TikAyA jAtA hai| SPERICA GRALA 85. vahI, 31.35-37 86. savIryadhyAna pR. 48

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha zrutajJAna atyanta gaMbhIra, parama pAvana, purAtana, pUrvApara-virodha Adi doSa se vivarjita hai| vaha dravyArthika, paryAyArthika naya tathA sadbhUta asadbhUta vyavahAra Adi upanaya se yukta hone ke kAraNa gahana hai| gaNadharAdi dvArA stavanIya hai, vicitra-apUrva tathA aneka prakAra ke arthoM se paripUrNa hai| samasta loka ko pradarzita karane ke lie vaha netra ke tulya hai| vaha aneka padoM kA vinyAsa hai|87 niSkarSa ke rUpa meM unhoMne kahA hai ki jisa dhyAna meM sarvajJa kI AjJA ko puraskRta kara padArthoM kA samyak prakAra se cintana kiyA jAtA hai, uttama yogiyoM ne use AjJAvicaya dharmadhyAna kahA hai|88 apAya vicaya : ___ 34veM sarga meM apAyavicaya dharma dhyAna kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| kahA hai - sAMsArika prANI zrI sarvajJadeva dvArA upadiSTa samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra ko prApta na kara saMsArarUpI araNya meM cirakAla se naSTa hote hue janma aura mRtyu ko prApta karate hue bhaTaka rahe haiN| karmanAza ke hetubhUta aura upAya rUpa ratnatraya ko unhoMne prApta nahIM kiyaa| yaha raMka, dIna, prANI jinezvara devarUpI jahAja ko prApta na kara saMsAra rUpa samudra meM nirantara majjana-unamajjana karate haiM, AvAgamana kA duHkha bhogate haiM, apAyavicaya dhyAna ke cintana kA yaha rUpa hai|89 sAdhaka puna: yaha cintana kare ki isa saMsAra meM eka ora to karmoM kI senA hai aura eka tarapha maiM ekAkI huuN| mujhe saMkaTakArI zatru samUha meM apramatta sAvadhAna hokara rahanA caahie| jisa prakAra anya dhAtuoM se mizrita svarNa agni se paritapta-parizodhita kiyA jAtA hai, usI taraha maiM prabala dhyAna rUpI agni se karmoM ke samUha ko naSTa kara AtmA kA parizodhana kruuNgaa| mokSa kI dRSTi se mere lie yaha upAdeya hai| athavA, jJAna darzana cAritra yukta AtmA hI upAdeya hai| maiM kauna hU~ ? mere karmoM kA Asrava kyoM hotA hai ? bandha kyoM hotA hai ? kisa kAraNa se nirjarA hotI hai ? mokSa kyA hai ? tathA usake prApta hone para AtmA kA kaisA svarUpa hotA hai ? saMsAra kA pratipakSI 87. jJAnArNava 33.8-12 88. vahI, 33.22 89. vahI, 34.2-3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 42 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama R jo mokSa hai usakA avinazvara ananta avyAbAdha svAdhIna sukha kisa upAya se prApta hotA hai ? apane svarUpa ko jAnane se maiMne tInoM lokoM ko jAna liyA hai kyoMki maiM hI sarvatra, sarvadarzI aura niraMjana huuN| vipAka vicaya : 35veM sarga meM vipAka vicaya dharmadhyAna kA vivecana huA hai| graMthakAra ne kahA hai- prANiyoM dvArA upArjita kiye hue karmaphala kA udaya vipAka kahA jAtA hai| vaha karmodaya kSaNa-pratikSaNa hotA rahatA hai| jJAnAvaraNa Adi aneka rUpoM meM hI jIvoM ke karma-samUha nizcita dravya, kSetra, kAla evaM bhAva ko prApta kara isa loka meM aneka prakAra se phala dete haiN| kaI prANI puSpoM kI mAlAe~, sundara zayyA, Asana, yAna, vastra, vanitA, vAdya, mitra, putra evaM karpUra, agaru, candana, vana-krIr3A, parvata, dhvajA, gaja, azva, cAmara, nagara, khAdya, peya, yogya uttamottama padartha tathA vastusamUha ko prApta kara sukha bhogate haiN| samasta RtuoM meM sukhapada ramaNIya, kAmabhogopayogI sthAna, kSetra prApta kara atizaya sukha kA anubhava karate haiN| vahA~ dUsarI ora prANI apane hI karmoM ke kAraNa saMsAra meM bhAle, talavAra, chure, yantrAtmaka Adi zastra sarpa, viSa, duSTa hAthI, agni, tIvra azubha graha Adi, durgandhita sar3e hue aMga, kITa, kITANu, kaMTaka, raja, kSAra, asthi kardama, pASANa, bandIgRha sAMkala, kIleM ber3I zatru Adi ko prApta hote hue vividha du:khoM ko bhogate haiN|1 karmaphala ke vaividhya kA granthakAra ne aneka prakAra se vivecana kiyA hai| isa para dhyAna ko ekAgra karane se AtmA meM ujjvala bhAvoM kA udaya hotA hai aura pApapUrNa kaluSita dUSita karmoM se bacane kI preraNA prApta hotI hai| yaha AtmAbhyudaya kA hetu hai| saMsthAna vicaya : 36 veM sarga meM granthakAra ne saMsthAna-vicaya dharmadhyAna kA vivecana kiyA hai| isameM loka ke svarUpa para dhyAna ko kendrita kiyA jAtA hai| isa dhyAna kA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai- pahale to saba anaMtAnaMta pradeza rUpa AkAza vidyamAna hai| PARDA See 90. vahI, 34.8-13 91. vahI, 35.1-5 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza vaha svapratiSThita hai, kisI anya para AdhArita nahIM hai| usake bIca meM yaha loka avasthita hai jisakA sarvajJa ne varNana kiyA hai| vaha sthiti - dhruvatA - utpatti tathA vyayakSaya yukta hai, cetana-acetana padArthoM se parivyApta hai, anAdi hai / kisI ke dvArA kRta yA racita nahIM hai| vaha loka Urdhva, madhya evaM adhaH bhAga se tIna bhuvanoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai / isalie sUtravettAoM ne isako trailokya kahA hai| 92 isa prakAra loka ke vividhatA pUrNa svarUpa evaM tadgata vibhinnatA pUrNa padArthoM para cintana ko TikAnA, ekAgra karanA isa dhyAna ke antargata hai / isa dhyAna se samagra vizva kA astitvabodha hotA hai| vibhinna sthitiyoM meM puNya-pApAtmaka, sukhaduHkhAtmaka sthitiyoM meM vidyamAna prANiyoM ke astitva kA bhI bodha hotA hai / vastusvarUpa ke bodha se AtmasvarUpa meM nimagna hone kA bhAva udita hotA hai / khaNDa: SaSTha piNDastha dhyAna : sAdhakoM dvArA sAmAnyataH dharmadhyAna kI hI prayojanIyatA hai kyoMki zukla dhyAna kI bhUmikA to taba prApta hotI hai jaba AtmA guNasthAna kI dRSTi se uccAtiucca sthAna prApta karane lagatI hai / dharmadhyAna ke anya apekSA se piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rupAtIta cAra bheda kiye gaye haiN| 37veM sarga meM granthakAra ne unakA vivecana kiyA hai| piNDastha dhyAna meM piNDAtmaka pratIka vizeSa ko Alambana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| piNDastha dhyAna kI pRthvI Adi tattvoM ke AdhAra para pArthivI, AgneyI, vAruNI, mAruti, tattvarUpavatI dhAraNAyeM svIkAra kI gayI haiN| pRthvI, agni, jala, vAyu evaM apane AtmasvarUpa ke AdhAra para nAbhi, hRdaya Adi meM kamala Adi kI parikalpanA, usameM karmoM kI bhAvAtmaka rUpa meM paristhApanA, agni tattva dvArA karmoM kA antataH kamalAdi kA tathA kAyA kA bhasmasAt kiyA jAnA, jalAyA jAnA vaisA hone bAda bace hue, rAkha hue ava zeSa kA vAyu dvArA loka meM idhara-udhara vikIrNa kiyA jAnA tathA phira jala dvArA sabako saMpravAhita kiyA jAnA, isa prakAra karmanAza kI vidhA kI bar3I hI manorama kalpanA inameM kI gaI hai, jo paThanIya aura mananIya hai / tadanantara Atmatattva ko pratIka ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara usake AdhyAtmika vaibhava ke prAkaTya aura nikhAra kA paridarzana karAyA gayA hai| Age AcArya hemacandra kRta 'yogazAstra' 92. vahI, 36.1-3 44

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama meM varNita dhyAna ke bhedoM ke prasaMga meM isa viSaya para vistAra se prakAza DAlA gayA hai aura mAnasika zuddhi, kArmika kSaya evaM Atmavizuddhi kI dRSTi se inakI upAdeyatA para vicAra kiyA gayA hai / vibhinna AcAryoM dvArA kiye gaye isa varNana se aisA anumeya hai ki kabhI dhyAna ke kriyAtmaka rUpa meM inake abhyAsa kA eka krama rahA hai, kyoMki ye parikalpanAyeM bar3I hI AkarSaka, rocaka aura prabhAvaka haiN| yadi paThana ke sAtha-sAtha inake kriyAnvayanamUlaka abhyAsa kA koI manovaijJAnika krama svIkAra kiyA jA sake to yaha ni:sandeha upayogI siddha ho sakatA hai| khaNDa : SaSTha Aja bhAratavarSa meM dhyAna ke sambandha meM anekAneka prayoga aura vidhikrama gatizIla haiN| isa prAcIna paramparA para bhI vizeSa rUpa se cintana, vivecana, vizleSaNa kI AvazyakatA hai jisase dhyAnamUlaka navAbhinava prayoga vidhAoM ko vizeSa preraNA prApta ho sakatI hai| jaina dhyAna yoga ke kSetra meM abhyAsa, prayoga aura anusaMdhAnarata sudhIjanoM ko isa viSaya para vizeSa dhyAna denA caahie| yaha hamArI dhyAna yoga viSayaka eka prAcIna dharohara hai, use surakSita evaM vikasita kiyA jAnA vAMchanIya hai / padastha dhyAna : 38 veM sarga meM padastha dhyAna kA granthakAra ne vivecana kiyA hai| yaha dhyAna pavitra maMtrAkSara svarUpa padoM kA Alambana kara una para citta ko ekAgra kara kiyA jAtA hai| anAdi siddha svara vyaJjana rUpa varNa mAtRkA ke AdhAra para bhI ise karane kA vidhAna hai| 3 93 hRdaya Adi dehagata sthAnoM meM vividha parikalpanAoM ke sAtha arhaM Adi ke akSaroM ke sanniveza kI isameM aneka vidhAe~ svIkRta haiN| padoM yA akSaroM kA Alambana kara ekAgra kI jAne vAlI dhyAna rUpa caitasika sthiti vAstava meM bar3I prabhAvotpAdikA hai / pavitra padoM, maMtrAkSaroM para dhyAna dvArA tadanurUpa pavitratA aura nirmalatA kA antarAtmA meM saMcAra hotA hai jisase dhyAna kI prakriyA UrdhvagAminI banatI jAtI hai| padoM evaM maMtrAkSaroM para kI jAne vAlI ekAgratA mUlaka parikalpanAoM kA vistRta vivecana 'yoga zAstra' ke vivecana ke prasaMga meM kiyA jaayegaa| kyoMki padastha dhyAna kI yaha prakriyA prAyaH sabhI pramukha jaina AcAryoM ne lagabhaga eka jaisI hI svIkAra kI hai / vahI, 93. 38.1-2 45

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha rUpastha dhyAna : 39 veM sarga meM AcArya zubhacandra ne rUpastha dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| yaha arihaMta deva ke bhAvAtmaka svarUpa para avalambita caitasika ekAgratA kA rUpa liye hue hai| arihaMta deva daihika rUpa meM Aja hamAre bIca vidyamAna nahIM haiN| ve parinirvANa yA siddhatva prApta kara cuke haiN| isa dhyAna meM unakI sayoga kevalIavasthA ke svarUpa kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai| unake samosaraNa kI parikalpanA kI jAtI hai unake devAdivaMdita mahimAmaya atizaya pUrNa samosaraNa meM virAjita AdhyAtmika vaibhava se paripUrNa svarUpa kA avalambana kara dhyAna kara dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| usa para citta ko ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai|4 arihaMta deva ke svarUpa kA dhyAna karane vAlA sAdhaka anya kisI kI zaraNa nahIM letA, sAkSAt usameM hI apane mana ko saMlIna kiye rahatA hai, usI meM tanmaya rahatA hai| dhyAna ke abhyAsa dvArA saMyamI sAdhaka sarvajJa prabhu ke svarUpa ke sAtha tanmayatA prApta kara letA hai| usa samaya vaha apanI asarvajJa AtmA ko sarvajJa svarUpa anubhUta karatA hai| usake yaha bhAvodreka hotA hai ki jaise ye sarvajJa deva haiM merI AtmA bhI tadanurUpa svarUpatA ko prApta hai| isalie maiM unase pRthak nahIM hU~, anya nahIM hU~, vizvadarzIsarvadarzI huuN| rUpAtIta dhyAna : 40veM sarga meM AcArya zubhacandra ne rUpAtIta dhyAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| arihanta deva sayogAvasthA meM dehayukta, mUrta yA rUpayukta hote haiM ataeva unake bhAvamaya svarUpa ke AdhAra para jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai use rUpastha dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| kintu siddhatva prApta kara lene ke pazcAt ve amUrta, azarIrI rUpAtIta ho jAte haiN| isalie unako abhilakSita kara jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai use rUpAtIta kahA gayA hai| granthakAra ne likhA hai- jo dhyAnayogI vItarAga prabhu kA dhyAna karatA hai, vaha vItarAga ho jAtA hai| karmoM se vimukta ho jAtA hai, chUTa jAtA hai aura jo rAgayukta sAdhaka sarAga kA 94. vahI, 39.1-8 95. vahI, 39.33 96. vahI, 39-43 po8

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Alambana lekara dhyAna karatA hai vaha rAgI hokara krUra karmAzrita bana jAtA hai| azubha karmoM se ba~dha jAtA hai| 7 saMyamI sAdhakoM ko kautuka ke rUpa meM bhI svapna meM bhI kabhI azubha dhyAna kA abhyAsa nahIM karanA caahie| kyoMki ve sanmArga kI hAni ke hetubhUta haiN| azubha dhyAna ke kAraNa sanmArga se cyuta-patita hue citta ko puna: saikar3oM varSoM meM bhI koI sanmArga para lAne meM sakSama nahIM ho paataa| rUpAtIta dhyAna kA svarUpa batalAte hue unhoMne sAdhakoM ko prerita karate hue likhA hai- AkAza ke AkAra kI jyoM amUrta, anAkAra-pudgalAtmaka AkAra se rahita, niSpanna-kisI bhI prakAra kI hInAdhikatA se varjita, zAnta, kSobha rahita, acyuta-apane svarUpa meM sthita, carama zarIra se kiJcit-nyUna lokAkAza ke agrabhAga meM apane saghana pradezoM meM sthita zivIbhUta - kalyANasvarUpa anAmaya-rogAdi se sarvathA vivarjita, puruSAkAra ko prApta hokara bhI amUrta paramAtmA kA dhyAna rUpAtIta dhyAna hai| sAdhaka usakA abhyAsa kre|99 dharma dhyAna kA phala : dhyAna kI phala-niSpatti kI ora saMketa karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai, jisa prakAra niSkampa-kampana yA calana rahita, dIpaka saghana aMdhakAra ko zIghra hI bujhA DAlatA hai, usI prakAra saMyamI sAdhaka dvArA kiyA gayA sunizcala-vicalana rahita dhyAna karmakalaMka ke samUha kA zIghra hI nAza kara DAlatA hai| dharmadhyAna kA saphala abhyAsI sAdhaka deha Adi parigrahoM kA atikramaNa kara AtmA meM avasthita hotA huA ekAgra banatA hai| vaha indriyoM aura mana ke saMyoga se dUra ho jAtA hai| mana ko kevala Atma-svarUpa meM hI sthira banAye rakhatA hai|100 KERAR zukla dhyAna: 42veM sarga meM granthakAra ne zukla dhyAna ke svarUpa Adi kA vivecana kiyA 97. vahI, 40-1 98. vahI, 40.6-7 99. vahI, 40.22-23 100. vahI, 41. 4, 11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 47 ~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha hai| kahA hai- dharma dhyAna ko atikrAnta kara, siddha kara AtmA kI Atyantika zuddhisamAzrita, vIrya-Atmabala kA dhanI, saMyamI sAdhaka atyanta nirmala zukla dhyAna kA abhyAsa prArambha karatA hai| jo niSkriya-kriyArahita, karuNAtIta, indriyavivarjita tathA dhyAna kI dhAraNA se bhI rahita hotA hai| "maiM isakA dhyAna kruuN|" aisA manobhAva bhI jahA~ nahIM rahatA, jisameM citta anta:mukha hotA hai, AtmasvabhAva ke sammukha hotA hai use zukla dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| jo vajraRSabha nArAca saMhanana se yukta hai, pUrva, ekAdazAMga aura caturdaza pUrva kA jisako jJAna hai, jisakI ceSTAoM meM pavitratA hai, jo zuddha cAritra se samAyukta hai vaha saMyamI sAdhaka dhyAna catuSTaya meM sarvottama zukla dhyAna ko dhAraNa karane meM, usakA abhyAsa karane meM sakSama hotA hai| jaba sAdhaka kA kaSAya rUpI mala kSINa yA upazAMta ho jAtA hai, taba usakA mana nirmala yA zukla ho jAtA hai taba usake zukla dhyAna sadhatA hai| prAkkAlIna AcAryoM ne aisA nirUpaNa kiyA hai|101 zukla dhyAna ke bhedoM kA varNana karate hue jJAnArNavakAra likhate haiM- prArambha ke do zukla dhyAnoM meM prathama zukla dhyAna vitarka aura vIcAra pRthaktva rahita hotA hai| ata eva use pRthaktva vitarka vIcAra kahA gayA hai| dUsarA zukla dhyAna savitarka-vitarka sahita avIcAra-vIcAra rahita hai| vaha ekatva pada se lAMchita-cihnita hai| saMyamI sAdhakoM ne use ekatvavitarkAvIcAra kahA hai| vaha dhyAna atyanta nirmala hotA hai| tIsarA zukla dhyAna sUkSmakriyAapratipAti hai| cauthA zukladhyAna samucchinnakriyavyuparatakriyA saMjJaka hai| sUkSmakriyApratipAti meM upayoga kI kriyA nahIM rhtii| kintu kAya kI kriyA vidyamAna rahatI hai| yaha kAya saMbaMdhI kriyA manda hote-hote jaba sUkSma raha jAtI hai taba yaha tIsarA zukla dhyAna sadhatA hai| isI kAraNa isako yaha sanaMjJA dI gaI hai| cauthA dhyAna taba sadhatA hai jaba kAya kI kriyA vyuparata yA naSTa ho jAtI hai, sarvathA miTa jAtI hai|102 vitarka aura vIcAra ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai- jisa dhyAna meM pRthak-pRthak rUpa se vitarka vaicArika saMkramaNa hotA hai arthAt jisameM pRthak-pRthak rUpa meM zrutajJAna parivartita hotA rahatA hai vaha savitarka savIcAra pRthaktva dhyAna hai| jisameM vitarka vaicArika 101. vahI, 42.3-6 102. vahI, 42.8-11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 48 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama saMkramaNa nahIM hotA aura jo ekarUpa meM hI sthita hotA hai vaha savitarka avIcAra rUpa ekatva dhyAna hai| nAnAtva yA anekatva ko pRthaktva kahA jAtA hai| zrutajJAna ko vitarka kahA jAtA hai, artha vyaJjana aura yogoM ke saMkramaNa ko vIcAra kahA jAtA hai| eka artha se dUsare artha kI prApti honA arthasaMkramaNa hai| eka vyaJjana se dUsare vyaJjana ko prApta hokara sthira honA vyaJjana saMkrAnti hai| eka yoga se dUsare yoga meM jAnA yoga saMkrAnti hai| vizuddha dhyAna ke sAmarthya se jisakA mohanIya karma vinaSTa ho gayA hai, aise adhyAtmayogI sAdhaka ke ye phalita hote haiN|103 pRthaktva mUlaka dhyAna dvArA jisa sAdhaka ne apane citta ko kaSAyoM se vinirmukta aura zAMta banA liyA hai, jo karma rUpa tRNasamUha ke vana ko dagdha karane hetu agni ke sadRza samudyata hai, aise mahAn sAdhaka ekatvadhyAnayogI meM ekatvamUlaka dhyAna ke siddha karane kA parAkrama prasphuTita hotA hai|104 yaha pRthaktva rahita savitarka, ekatvamUlaka dhyAna atyanta nirmala hotA hai| aparizrAnta hotA huA yogI usa dhyAna meM eka dravya, eka paramANu yA eka paryAya kA eka yoga se cintana karatA hai| isalie ise ekatva kahA jAtA hai| siddha huI isa dhyAna rUpI agni se ghAtI karma kSaNa bhara meM naSTa ho jAte haiN| vaha yogI isa dhyAnAgni kI jvAlAoM dvArA darzanAvaraNa, jJAnAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAya karma ko vinaSTa kara detA hai|105 isa dUsare dhyAna ke siddha ho jAne para sAdhaka AtmasvarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra kara Atyantika, parama zuddhi prApta kara letA hai| use kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana adhigata ho jAte haiN| ye donoM alabdhapUrva haiN| kevalajJAna sarvakAla vyApI hai| sarvajJatva prApta bhagavAna ananta jJAna, anantadarzana, ananta sukha aura ananta vIrya Adi vibhUtiyoM se vibhUSita ho jAte haiN| indra, candra, sUrya, dharaNendra, mAnava aura deva unake caraNoM meM namana karate haiN| ve zIla, aizvarya Adi se yukta bhagavAna bhUmaNDala para vicaraNa karate haiN| vaisA karate hue ve jIvoM ke dravyamala - bhAvamala rUpa mithyAtva kA mUloccheda karate 103. vahI, 42. 13-17 104. vahI, 42. 23-24 105. jJAnArNava 42.26-29

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza haiN| bhavyajana rUpI kamalasamUha ko vikasita praphullita karate haiN| isa zukla dhyAna ke pariNAma svarUpa jJAnalakSmI, tapolakSmI tathA devaracita samavazaraNa Adi Atyantika vibhUti unheM prApta ho jAtI hai, ve dharmacakravartI ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra antaraMga - bahiraMga, AtmavibhUti yukta kevalI bhagavAna jagadvaMdya aura sarva kalyANakArI tathA lokatraya ke adhipati hote haiN| jinakA nAma grahaNa karane se, smaraNa karane se bhavya jIvoM ke anAdikAlajanita janma N - maraNa Adi roga laghutva pA lete haiM, ghaTane- miTane lagate haiN| 106 - unhoMne Age likhA hai ki jaba kevalI bhagavAna ke mohanIya, jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, antarAya karma naSTa ho jAte haiM taba cAra aghAtikarma vyaktarUpa se avaziSTa rahate haiM / sarvajJa, kSINakarmA, kevalajJAna rUpI jyotirmaya sUrya sarvajJadeva ke jaba antarmuhUrta pramANa AyuSya avaziSTa rahatA hai taba ve sUkSma kriyA apratipAti tRtIya dhyAna kI arhatA prApta karate haiN| jo jinendra prabhu chaha mahIne kI AyuSya zeSa rahate hue kevalajJAna prApta karate haiM, ve avazya samudghAta karate haiM, unake atirikta jinhoMne chaha mahIne se adhika Ayu rahate hue kevalajJAna prApta kiyA hai ve vikalpa se samudghAta karate haiM arthAt karate bhI haiM nahIM bhI karate haiN| 107 106. vahI, 42.30-37 107. vahI, 42. 40-42 tatpazcAt granthakAra ne samudghAta kI prakriyA kA vizada varNana kiyA hai aura batAyA hai ki acintya anirvacanIya, vaiziSTya yukta kevalI prabhu taba bAdara kAyayoga meM sthiti kara bAdara vacanayoga aura bAdara manoyoga ko sUkSma karate haiM, ve puna: kAyayoga ko tyAga kara vacanayoga aura manoyoga meM sthiti karate haiM, bAdara kAyayoga ko sUkSma karate haiM, phira sUkSma kAyayoga meM sthiti kara kSaNa mAtra meM usI samaya vacanayoga aura manoyoga kA nigraha karate haiM / isa prakAra ve sUkSmakriyAdhyAna kA sAkSAtkAra karane yogya hote haiM / taba sUkSma eka kAyayoga para sthita dhyAna sUkSmakriyAapratipAti dhyAna kA rUpa letA hai / tatpazcAt ayogiguNasthAna ke anta samaya ke pahale samaya meM devAdhideva jinendra prabhu ke mukti rUpI lakSmI kI prApti meM pratibandhaka, vighnakAraka bahattara ( 72 ) karmaprakRtiyA~ zIghra hI vinaSTa ho jAtI haiN| ayogAvasthA prApta parama prabhu ke ayoga guNasthAna ke antima se pahale samaya meM jo nirmala dhyAna niSpanna hotA hai, vaha khaNDa : SaSTha 50

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama samucchinnakriya zukla dhyAna hai| tadanantara vItarAga prabhu ke ayoga guNasthAna meM avaziSTa rahI teraha karmaprakRtiyA~ bhI vilaya pA letI haiN| ayogakevalI guNasthAna meM kevalI prabhu nirmala, zAMta, niSkalaMka, nirAmaya evaM AvAgamana rUpa saMsAra ke durnivAra bandhajanita kaSToM se rahita siddha, suprasiddha, niSpanna, karmamalavivarjita, niraMjana, akriya, azarIra, zuddha aura nirvikalpa ho jAte haiN| vahA~ yathAkhyAta cAritra-cAritra kI paripUrNatA ghaTita hotI hai| vahA~ ve mana-vacana-kAya ke yogoM se rahita hote haiN| isalie unakI ayogI saMjJA hotI hai| ve nivRtta haiM isalie kevala haiM, apane AtmasvarUpa ko ve siddha kara lete haiN| isalie sAdhita AtmA haiN| svabhAva svarUpa aura parameSThI haiN| ve caturdaza guNasthAna meM a, i, u, R, lu ina hrasvAkSaroM ke uccAraNa meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai utane kAla taka Thaharate haiN| phira karmabandha se sarvathA rahita zuddhAtma-zuddha svabhAva se hI Urdhvagamana karate haiN| vaisA kara eka samaya meM hI karmAvarodha rahita loka ke agra bhAga meM virAjita hote haiN| vahA~ dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hai| isalie usase Age Urdhvagamana anumeya nahIM hai| kyoMki dharmadravya gatisvabhAvI hai, gamana karane meM hetubhUta hai| isI prakAra adharmadravya padArthoM kI sthiti karane meM hetu hai| ye donoM lokavyApI haiM isalie padArthoM kI gati, sthiti loka meM hI hotI hai| siddhAtmA lokAgra bhAga meM svabhAvotpanna ananta guNoM ke aizvarya yukta avasthita rahate haiN| ve avyAbAdha, atIndriya, naisargika sukha yukta hote haiM, jo varNanAtIta hai|108 granthakAra dvArA zukla dhyAna kA anitama paryavasAna siddhatva prApti ke rUpa meM jina preraka, udbodhaka zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai vaha unake kavitva pratibhA prasUta vaiziSTya kA dyotaka hai| tritattva : bhAratavarSa meM sAdhanA kI dRSTi se nAnA prayoga hue haiN| unameM vidhi, paddhati Adi ke sambandha meM vividhatA, bhinnatA hote hue bhI tadviSayaka abhyAsa meM sabhI meM ekAgratA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki dhyAna ke binA kisI bhI prakAra kI sAdhanA meM siddhi prApta nahIM hotii| bhAratavarSa meM tantrAtmaka sAdhanA kA bhI vizeSa rUpa se pracalana rahA hai| kAzmIra meM zaiva tantra, vaiSNava taMtra, zakti taMtra Adi 108. vahI, 42.48-64 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 51 ~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza kA vizeSa rUpa se vikAsa huaa| taMtrasAdhanA meM preraNA, UrjA, zakti Adi ke vikAsa ke lie vividha viSayoM ko pratIkoM ke rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| 109. AcArya zubhacandra jaina vidyA ke atirikta anyAnya vidhAoM, darzanoM aura sAdhanA paddhatiyoM se bhalI bhA~ti abhijJa the| unhoMne 'jJAnArNava' ke 21 veM sarga meM tritattvazivatattva garur3atattva, kAma tattva ke rUpa meM sAdhanA ke sandarbha meM viziSTa dRSTi ko prastuta kiyA hai| unhoMne AtmA ko hI samasta zaktiyoM kA puMja mAnate hue tritattva ke vizleSaNa pUrva AtmA ke aparisIma sAmarthya kI vivecanA kI hai| unhoMne likhA hai - AtmA svayaM hI sAkSAt rUpa meM guNa rUpI ratnoM se paripUrNa sAgara hai| AtmA meM hI sarvajJatva, sarvadarzitva, rUpa vaiziSTya hai / vastutaH vahI hitamaya yA kalyANamaya hai / vahI parameSThI pada meM saMsthita hai, vaha niraMjana hai, kisI bhI prakAra ke kAluSya se rahita hai, zuddha naya se AtmA kA yahI svarUpa hai| AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa ko nahIM jAnakara yaha prANI karmoM kI pravaJcanA meM par3akara indriyoM ke bhogoM meM sukha mAnatA hai| yaha usakI bahuta bar3I bhUla hai | jo sukha rAga - vijetA saMyamI sAdhaka kI prazama maMda kaSAya rUpa Atmavizuddhi meM hai, usakA anantavA~ bhAga bhI devendra ko prApta nahIM hai / ananta jJAna, ananta vIrya Adi guNoM ke AdhAra para mahApuruSoM ne apanI AtmA meM hI paramAtmA kI gaveSaNA karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| AtmA ananta parAkrama saMvalita hai / samasta vastuoM ko apane jJAnAtmaka udyoga se prakAzita karatA hai| dhyAnazakti ke prabhAva se vaha tInoM lokoM ko bhI calAyamAna kara sakatA hai, isa AtmA kI zakti itanI vizAla hai ki mahAn yogiyoM ke lie bhI vaha agocara hai / AtmA paramocca dhyAnaprasUta samAdhi meM jaba lIna hotI hai to vaha kSaNa mAtra meM dhyAna aura jJAna kI divya jyoti ke rUpa meM avyAhata prakAza karatI hai / jisa samaya vizuddhi dhyAna ke prabhAva se vaha karma rUpI IMdhana ko bhasmasAta kara detI hai usa samaya paramAtma bhAva kA svayaM hI sAkSAtkAra ho jAtA hai| AtmA ke azeSa guNoM kA dhyAna se hI prAkaTya hotA hai tathA dhyAna se hI anAdi kAla se saMcita karmasaMtati vinaSTa hotI hai| AtmA hI ziva, garur3a aura kAma kahA gayA hai / yaha aNimA, mahimA Adi guNarUpa ratnoM kA udadhi hai / 109 'jJAnArNava' kI tattvatraya prakAzinI TIkA meM isa zloka kA vivecana karate hue vahI, 21.1-9 52 khaNDa : SaSTha -

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Recidedia kahA hai- "ayamAtmA zivaH siddhaH kIrtitaH shukldhyaanaat| tathA'yamAtmA vainateyo garur3aH kIrtitaH dhyAnabalAt tathA smaraHkandarpaH kiirtitH| kiM viziSTa:? annimaadiityaadi......|" ina tInoM tattvoM kA AtmA ke sAtha dhyAna kI dRSTi se granthakAra ne gaMbhIra gadyAtmaka zailI meM vivecana kiyA hai| ziva zabda aneka arthoM ko liye hue hai| vaha brahmA, viSNu aura ziva-mahAdevarUpa devatraya meM eka hai| vaha kalyANa, zreyas aura prazAnta bhAva kA sUcaka hai| garur3a vaidika paramparA ke paurANika sAhitya meM bhagavAna viSNu kA vAhana mAnA gayA hai| vaha pakSirAja hai| tIvratama gati yA gamana zakti se vaha pUrNa hai| kAma tattva kamanIyatA, ramaNIyatA yA sundaratA kA pratIka hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne ina tInoM tattvoM ke vaiziSTya ko AtmA kI asIma zaktimattA se jor3ate hue dhyAna ke sAtha samAyojita kiyA hai| Atmazuddhi tathA anta:jAgaraNa kI pAvana yAtrA meM jahA~ se bhI jo preraka saMbala prApta ho use grahaNa karane meM prakhara jJAnI aura cintaka anyathA bhAva nahIM maante| zivatattva : AtmA jaba saMsArAvasthA meM hotI hai taba vaha jIvAtmA saMjJA se abhihita kI jAtI hai| jaba ise Antarika tathA bAhya rUpa meM kSetra-kAla-bhAva kI dRSTi se anukUla sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai taba yaha ratnatraya samyag jJAna, samyag darzana aura samyak cAritra ke atizaya ko prApta karatI hai| unakI ArAdhanA meM saMlagna hone para usameM ananya bhAva kA udaya hotA hai| vaha apane atirikta anya dvArA apanA zreyas nahIM maantii| usake AdhAra para jaba AtmA kA sAdhanAmaya upakrama agrasara hotA hai to kramaza: moha kA abhAva hotA jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna kI ArAdhanA ke uparAnta jaba usameM vizuddha AtmasvarUpa mUlaka UrjA kA abhyudaya hotA hai taba zukla dhyAna kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| zukla dhyAna kI avyApti, saMprApti yA siddhi kA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya karma jo AtmaguNoM kA ghAta karate haiM, naSTa ho jAte haiN| isase AtmA meM ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, ananta sukha aura anantavIrya rUpa zakti catuSTaya kA prAkaTya hotA hai| AtmA paramAtma bhAva ko prApta kara letI hai| isI ko zivatattva kahA jAtA hai|110 110. vahI, zivatattva, pR. 171-172 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~v 53 rrrrrrrrrrrrr~~~~~~~~ FORE

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza jIva dvArA virakta bhAva se antarAtma bhAva meM jAte hue paramAtma bhAva ko adhigata karane kI isa sAdhanAmaya yAtrA kI bhAvanA ko hRdaya meM utAranA tathA usase apane bhAvoM ko anuprANita karanA zivatattva yA AtmabhAvanA hai| isase jIva jo apane Apako aziva- akalyANa, saMkleza Adi se udvigna mAnatA hai vaha zivatattva kI dizA meM, jahA~ inakA sarvathA abhAva hai, gatizIla hotA hai| brahmA, viSNu aura ziva ye tInoM deva paurANika sAhitya meM sarjana, rakSaNa aura pralaya ke sAtha jur3e hue haiN| ziva pralayaMkara deva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiye gaye haiM / jaina dRSTi se dhyAna samasta karmoM ke pralaya yA nAza kA vidhAyaka hai / isa dRSTi se vaha bhI pralayaMkara siddha hotA hai, kyoMki karmoM kA pralaya hone se hI paramAtma parama lakSya siddha hotA hai| sAkSAtkAra garur3a tattva : paurANika Adi matavAdiyoM dvArA svIkRta garur3atattva ko AcArya zubhacandra ne AtmA kI parama tejasvitA, zaktimattA evaM UrjasvitA ke pratIka ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| vaha dhyAna jisake sAtha AtmA kA parama prabala parAkrama jur3A nahIM hotA, vighnoM ke Ane para vicalita ho sakatA hai| svIkRta dhyAna kadApi vicalita aura vyAhata na ho isalie usameM vipula atmazakti kA saMyojana paramAvazyaka hai| garur3a kI sarvAtizAyinI tvaritatama gatimayatA ko parilakSita kara AcArya zubhacandra ne dhyAna meM avizrAnta gati, abAdhita tvarA, asAmAnyatIvratA, sarvathA askhalitatA lAne hetu isa tattva kA apanI dRSTi se pratipAdana kiyA / jisa gadyAtmaka zailI meM AcArya zubhacandra varNana kiyA hai vaha samAsabahula, gaMbhIra aura AlaMkArikatA se susajjita hai / graMthakAra ke vivecana ke anusAra garur3a kA mukha pratIkAtmaka rUpa meM garur3a pakSI ke sadRza hai / mukha 'ke atirikta samasta aMga mAnava ke aMgoM ke samAna haiN| sAtha hI sAtha usake donoM pAvoM se ghuTanoM taka laTakate hue do paMkha haiN| apanI coMca meM usane do sarpoM ko le rakhA hai| usake ghuTanoM se Upara nAbhiparyanta jala tattva, usake Upara hRdaya paryanta agnitattva, usake Upara mukha meM pavana tattva parikalpita hai| AkAza tattva meM garur3a kI kalpanA kara dhyAna-yogI dhyAna karate haiN| ve aisA mAnate haiM ki isase dhyAna meM hone vAle samasta vighna miTa jAte haiN| graMthakAra ne ina sabhI tattvoM kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai / sarpa sAdhanA 54 khaNDa: SaSTha Pad

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama meM hone vAle vighnoM ke dyotaka haiN| sAMsArika viSaya soM kI jyoM Dasane vAle haiN| garur3a ne do sau ke phanoM ko coMca meM DAla rakhA hai tAki ve apanA viSa na ugala skeN| donoM soM meM se eka ko garur3a ne apane udara para, dUsare ko apane pRSTha para laTakA rakhA hai tAki ve paraspara milakara jora lagAkara usakI coMca se chUTane meM sakSama na ho skeN| isa abhivyakti meM AtmA ke tejomaya evaM parama parAkramamaya zaktitattva kA saMsUcana hai jisameM jAgRta hone para viSayoM ke nAga Dasa pAne meM samartha nahIM ho paate|111 yaha parikalpanA bar3I hI jaTila evaM durUha pratIta hotI hai| kintu dhyAnayogI kI Antarika zakti ko uddIpta karane ke lie preraNA pradAna karane kI eka vilakSaNa kSamatA isameM sannihita hai| kAmatattva : dharma, artha, kAma, mokSa ye cAra puruSArtha mAne gaye haiN| dharma aura mokSa kA sambandha hai| usI taraha artha aura kAma kA sambandha hai| sabhI sAMsArika upalabdhiyoM kA lakSya kAma kI paripUrti hai| kAma-rUpa sAdhya ko prApta karane ke lie vyakti artha kA arjana karatA hai, arthArjana meM vaha vipula zrama, atyadhika kleza, tiraskAra, avahelanA, apamAna Adi saba kucha sahatA hai| isa saMsAra meM mAnava kI jo avizrAnta daur3a dRSTigocara hotI hai usake pIche kAma, kAmya bhoga evaM yauvana sukha kI uddAma lipsA hI hai| jaba lipsA hotI hai taba bhAvanA meM tIvratA, udyama aura adhyavasAya kI gati meM pracura vegazIlatA A jAtI hai| yadyapi usa tvarA aura gatimattA kA lakSya apavitra aura saMsAravardhaka hai, bhavATavI meM ramaNa karavAne vAlA hai kintu tvarA meM jo zakti hai, usakA mahattva to hai hii| yadi usa kAmonmukha vega ko udara se niSkAsita kara yoga ke sAtha jor3a diyA jAya to vaha vegagata zakti pAvana banakara yoga ko prabala banA sakatI hai| isI abhiprAya se saMbhava hai graMthakAra ne dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM kAma tattva kI parikalpanA kI ho| vivecana ke antargata rUpaka zailI meM graMthakAra ne una sabhI upakaraNoM, sAdhanoM ko varNita kiyA hai jo kAmAtmaka vyApAra meM parilakSita hote haiN| kintu unakA Antarika mor3a, vizuddha nirmala, nirlepa, ujjvala, brahmatattva yA Atmatattva kI ora hai| bhautika jagat, kAvya jagat meM kAma ko dhanurdhara mAnA gayA 111. vahI, garur3atattva, pR. 173-176 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 55 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha hai| vaha apane dhanuSa kI pratyaMcA para bANa car3hAkara jo bhI sAmane hote haiM, unako vimohita kara DAlatA hai| kAmatattva kI parikalpanA meM eka sUkSma manovaijJAnika tathya anusyUta hai| vaha kAma hI, jaisA Upara sUcita huA hai, apanI paripUrti hetu vyakti ko durgama se durgama, kaThora-se-kaThora kArya karane kI preraNA pradAna karatA hai| yadi usa zaktimayI preraNA kA tyAga, vairAgya, sAdhanA, yoga, kavitva, sevA Adi meM manovijJAna kI bhASA meM Sublimation pariSkaraNa yA rUpAntaraNa kara diyA jAya to vaha una-una kSetroM meM eka cAmatkArika tathA vilakSaNa pariNAma lA sakatI hai| jo pariNAma kAma meM sAMsArika bhogoM ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai vaha atyanta ucca koTi kI sAdhanA AdhyAtmika tapazcaraNa, yoga, sAhitya, tathA sevA ke rUpa meM udbhAvita ho jAtA hai| saMsAra meM jo mahAn tyAgI, saMnyAsI, muni, tapasvI, bhakta, sAdhaka, yogI, janasevI yA kalAkAra hue, jinhoMne svayaM ko saba kucha vismRta kara apane kAryoM meM pAgala kI taraha jor3e rakhA, ve isI koTi ke puruSa the, jinakI vipula icchAzakti sAMsArika bhogoM se parAGmukha hokara una kAryoM kI pUrti meM AtmatoSa pAne lgii| 112 graMthakAra ne kAma tattva kI parikalpanA meM samasta kAmAtmaka sAdhanoM ko pratIka ke rUpa meM sammukha rakhakara tadgata kAmAtmaka aikya-sukha ko viveka tathA Antarika anubhUti pUrvaka AtmaramaNa ke sukha se jor3akara bhogavRtti ko pariSkRta karane kA tathA kAmapravAha se AtmapravAha meM lAne kA eka vilakSaNa upakrama upasthApita kiyA hai| yaha prasaMga bhI vivecana aura vizleSaNa kI dRSTi se gadyakAvya kA eka sundara aura AkarSaka rUpa hai para bar3A jaTila aura kaThina hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne tantrAdi kI mAnyatA ke anusAra tritattva kA vikAsa kiyaa| unhoMne tritattva kA svarUpa to upasthita kiyA hai kintu antata: ve yaha nahIM mAnate ki isase koI bahuta bar3I viziSTa siddhi prApta ho| zivatattva ke sambandha meM jo kahA gayA hai vaha to vAstava meM Atmatattva ko adhigata karane kI ArAdhanA meM paramparA se prApta hai hii| eka prazna upasthita hotA hai ki jaba inase koI vizeSa siddhi prApta nahIM hotI to inake vizleSaNa ko unhoMne kyoM Avazyaka maanaa| jaisA unake 112. vahI, kAmatattva, pR. 177-179 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 56 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama vivecana se prakaTa hotA hai, abhiprAya yaha hai ki anya paramparA meM ina tInoM tattvoM ko lekara jo vegonnata sAdhanAkrama vyAkhyAta hue haiM, unako yathArtha rUpa meM samajhakara apanI sAdhanA kI zaktimattA ko saMvardhita karane kA eka vizeSa bhAva to samudita hotA hI hai| sAtha-hI-sAtha ve anta meM yaha bhI kahate haiM ki paramAtmasvarUpa-prApti rUpa sarvotkRSTa sAdhya ko sAdhane kA mUla sAdhana to Atma -sAmarthya hI hai| Atmazakti meM aura sabhI zaktiyoM kA svarUpa darzana, jisase yadi lAbha hotA ho, to aMvAchanIya nahIM hai| AcArya zubhacandra vilakSaNa pratibhA ke dhanI the, zabda-sAmrAjya ke adhipati the| isalie unhoMne jahA~ bhI jisa viSaya ko liyA use bar3e hI sundara rUpa meM samupasthita kiyaa| unakI bahuta bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki tattvadarzana garbhita adhyAtma yoga kI sAdhanA ke viSayoM ko unhoMne bar3e hI sarasa, lalita, madhura zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA hai| tattvadarzana ke sAtha unhoMne kavitva kA jo maNi-kAJcana saMyoga prastuta kiyA hai, vaha apane ApameM asAdhAraNa hai| adhyAtmayoga tathA dhyAnasAdhanA se sambaddha viSayoM ko unhoMne yadyapi yathAkrama to vyAkhyAta nahIM kiyA kintu koI bhI Avazyaka viSaya chUTA nahIM hai| unhoMne maharSi pataMjali praNIta yogAMgoM ko bhI dRSTi meM rakhA aura apane cintana ke anurUpa unakA, jahA~-jahA~ jaisA-jaisA samAveza apekSita mAnA, upayoga bhI kiyaa| jaina sAdhanA ko yoga kI paripATI ke samakakSa maulika rUpa meM upasthApita karane kA unakA prayatna vAstava meM vaiduSya ke sAtha-sAtha unake eka mahAn adhyAtmayogI hone kA paricAyaka hai| 42 sargoM meM likhA gayA yaha mahAgrantha nissandeha dhyAna dvArA labhya parama jJAna kA kAvyAtmaka taraMgoM se ucchalita mahAn sAgara hai, jisameM avagAhana kara jijJAsu, mumukSu sAdhaka amUlya adhyAtma tattva ratna upalabdha kara sakate haiN| dhyAnastava : dhyAnastava AcArya bhAskaranandi dvArA saMskRta meM racita kalevara meM choTA sA kintu mahattvapUrNa graMtha hai| bhAskaranandi kA samaya anumAna ke AdhAra para bArahavIM zatI kA prArambha mAnA jAtA hai| isameM sau zloka haiN| granthakAra ne apane citta kI ekAgratA ke lie inakI racanA kI hai| jinadeva ke prati apanI vizeSa vidhA meM kI gaI prArthanA ke rUpa meM isa kRti kA praNayana huA hai| bhAskaranandi ne AcArya umAsvAmI ke tattvArthAdhigama sUtra para tattvArthavRtti nAmaka TIkA bhI likhI hai| unakI yaha kRti usI ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 57 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa: SaSTha para AdhArita hai| dhyAna para apane udgAra prakaTa karate hue AcArya bhAskaranandi ne kahA hai - jisakI dRSTi samyak hai, jo Asaktivarjita hai, vaha tattvavijJAnapUrvaka zuddha dhyAna ke upayoga se hI Atmasiddhi yA AtmasvarUpopalabdhi kara sakatA hai| yadi dhyAna meM sthita sAdhaka kI AtmA meM jJAnAtmA avabhAsita nahIM hotI. cinmaya AtmA kA anubhava nahIM hotA to vaha dhyAna vAstavika dhyAna nahIM hai| vaha mohAtmaka hai| . yadi eka dhyeya para sthita dhyAna meM bhinna-bhinna Alambana cintana kA viSaya banate raheM to vaha dhyAna nahIM hai, vaha to jADya hai, tucchatA hai| jo AtmA ke jJeya svabhAva ko, jJAtRtva bhAva ko, audAsInya ko tathA nija svarUpa ko bhalI bhA~ti dekhatA hai usa adhyAtmavettA kA AtmasvarUpa spaSTatayA prakAzita hotA hai| dhyAna ke bhedoM kA varNana karane se pUrva graMthakAra ne dhyAnayogI ko avagata karAyA hai ki AtmA ke cinmaya svarUpa kA use bodha ho tathA dhyAnAtmaka ekAgratA ke samAna bhinna-bhinna AlambanoM ke sAtha usakA cintana na judd'e| AtmajJAtA kA Atmetara tattvoM se koI sambandha nahIM hai| aisA AdhyAtmika bhAva vaha liye rahe tabhI usakA bhAva, cintana aura dhyAna AtmasvarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karAtA hai|113 dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM kA ullekha karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki prArambha ke do Arta raudra saMmRti - saMsAra ke, bhava-bhramaNa ke hetu haiM aura Age ke do mokSaparAyaNa haiN| prArambha meM unhoMne ArtadhyAna aura raudra dhyAna ke bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| 14 dharmadhyAna ke sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai- jo dharmAnuprANita bhAvoM se saMlagna, ekAgracintana dharmadhyAna hai, vaha cAra prakAra kA hai| titikSA Adi AtmaguNoM kA usameM samAveza hai| vastu svarUpa kA vaha paricAyaka hai| ataeva vaha uttama hai| vaha samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, samyak vrata samyak AcAra se anugata hai aura moha aura kSobha 113. dhyAnastava (AcArya bhAskaranandi) 3, 5-6 114. vahI, 9-12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 58 ~~~~~~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama se varjita hai| vaha zarma-AdhyAtmika Ananda kA utpAdaka hai| dharma-bhAvApanna dharmadhyAna aneka prakAra kA hai| zamaka-upazama zreNI aura kSapaka zreNI se pUrva chaThe aura sAtaveM guNasthAna meM ghaTita hotA hai| ArtadhyAna pramattasaMyata Adi guNasthAnoM meM mukhya hotA hai aura Age ke tIna guNasthAnoM meM vaha gauNa ho jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna hI atyanta zuddhAvasthA prApta kara zukla dhyAna ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| Age unhoMne zukla dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai|115 tatpazcAt dharma dhyAna ke piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha, rUpavarjita-rUpAtIta dhyAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| piNDastha dhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue unhoMne bhagavAna ke prati saMstavana ke zabdoM meM likhA hai- "svaccha sphaTika ke sadRza nirmala, Aditya teja kI jyoM bhAsvara, dUra AkAza pradeza meM lokAgra bhAga meM saMsthita, samasta atizaya yukta, prAtihArya samanvita, bhavyajanoM ke lie Anandaprada, vizvajJa, sarvajJAtA, sarvadraSTA, nityAnanda svarUpa, ananta Atmabala saMyukta paramAtmA ko apane dehastha AtmA se abhinna mAnate hue tathA zuddha dhyAna rUpa agni dvArA samasta karmoM kA dahana karate hue prabho jo ApakA dhyAna karate haiM, unakA vaha dhyAna piNDastha dhyAna ke rUpa meM samAdRta hai|116 unhoMne Age likhA hai- he prabho ! Apake nAma pada rUpa mantra kA jo ekAgratA pUrvaka cintana karatA hai vaha padastha dhyAna ke rUpa meM AkhyAta huA hai| jo Apake nAma ke akSarAtmaka, zubhra pratibimba kA dhyAna karate haiM, bhagavan ! vaha rUpastha dhyAna kahA gayA hai athavA zuddha, zubhra apane se bhinna prAtihArya Adi vizeSatAoM se vibhUSita arhanta prabhu kA jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai use rUpastha dhyAna kahA gayA hai athavA vizuddha buddhiyukta sAdhaka deha se bhinna Atmasthita Apake cidAtmaka svarUpa kA, paramAtma bhAva kA dhyAna karatA hai, vaha rUpAtIta dhyAna hai| asaMkhyAta pradeza sthita, jJAna-darzana-yukta, kartA, anubhoktA, amUrta, sadAtmaka, kathaMcit nitya, zuddha, sakriya, na kisI para ruSTa hone vAle, na tuSTa hone vAle, udAsIna 115. vahI, 13-23 116. vahI, 24-28 37 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 59 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha svabhAva yukta, karmalepa se vimukta, Urdhvagamana svabhAvayukta, svasaMvedya, vibhu-siddha, sarva saMkalpavarjita paramAtmA ke rUpa meM uttama dhyAna karatA hai, he deva ! vaha rUpAtIta dhyAna hai, mokSa kA kAraNa hai|117 Age unhoMne yaha saMketa kiyA hai ki jo deha, indriya, mana aura vANI ke mamatva tathA ahaMkAra meM saMlagna hai, vaisA bahirAtmA-bahirAtma bhAva yukta, bahirmukhI vyakti ApakA darzana nahIM kara sktaa|118 __ AcArya bhAskaranandi ne 'dhyAnastava meM piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAna kA jo varjana kiyA hai vaha vizeSa rUpa se samIkSaNIya hai| unhoMne sayoga kevalI avasthA meM vidyamAna tIrthaMkara deva ke parama jyotirmaya divya sarvAtizayasamAyukta svarUpa ko Alambana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara kiye jAne vAle dhyAna ko piNDastha kahA hai| jaina dhyAna paramparA ke aitihAsika vikAsa-krama kI dRSTi se bhAskaranandi kA 'dhyAnastava' eka pramukha kRti mAnA jA sakatA hai| inhoMne apane grantha meM Agama sammata cAra dhyAna, unake lakSaNa, Alambana Adi kI carcA kI hai vahIM piMDastha Adi dharmadhyAna ke bhedoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai kintu jahA~ AcArya zubhacandra aura hemacandra ne piNDastha dhyAna ke atirikta pRthvI, jala, agni tathA vAyu ke piNDAtmaka rUpa ko gRhIta kara AgneyI Adi dhAraNAoM ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAta kiyA hai, vahIM bhAskaranandi ne bhagavAna ke AdhyAtmika vaibhavamaya svarUpa ko piNDa ke rUpa meM parilakSita kara isa dhyAna ko paribhASita kiyA hai| donoM vidhAoM meM yahI antara hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki bhAskaranandi kI dRSTi AdhyAtmikatA ke sAtha apekSAkRta adhika jur3I thii| isalie unhoMne pArthiva Adi bAhya pratIkoM ko piNDa ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| sAtha-hI-sAtha unhoMne sAdhaka ko apane dehastha Atmatattva ke parama pAvana svarUpa paramAtma-bhAva kI ora bhI prerita kiyA hai| sAdhaka, prabhu ke - vItarAga deva ke AdhyAtmika zuddha svarUpa kA cintana karate samaya apanI AtmA ke nirAvaraNa nirmala svarUpa kI bhI nizcaya dRSTi se paramAtmabhAva kI samakakSatA kA anucintana kre| 117. 118. vahI, 29-36 vahI, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 60 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AcArya bhAskaranandi ne bhagavAna ke nAmAkSaroM ko zubhra ujjvala pratibimba pratIka ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara kiye jAne vAle dhyAna ko rUpastha dhyAna kahA hai| zuddha, zubhra apane bAhya daihika rUpa se bhinna prAtihArya Adi se vibhUSita apane dehastha arhatsvarUpa AtmA kA dhyAna karanA bhI rUpastha dhyAna ke antargata hai| zubhacandra-hemacandra Adi AcAryoM ne rUpastha dhyAna kA sambandha vItarAga prabhu arihaMta deva ke svarUpa ke sAtha jor3A hai| bhAskaranandi ne isa sandarbha meM kucha aura vizeSa bAta kahI hai| unhoMne bhagavAna ke nAmAkSaramaya pratIka ko bhI rUpa mAnakara usa para kiye jAne vAle dhyAna ko rUpastha kahA hai| rUpastha dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM unhoMne eka anya apekSA se jo vizleSaNa kiyA hai vaha sAdhaka kI deha ke antarvartI AtmA ke parama divya zuddha svarUpa ke sAtha saMpRkta hai| vahA~ AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa hI dhyeya Alambana ke rUpa meM gRhIta huA hai| rUpAtIta dhyAna meM AtmA ke satcit Anandamaya svarUpa ko gRhIta kiyA gayA hai| AcArya zubhacandra kRta 'jJAnArNava' meM dhyAnasAdhanA kA vistRta vivecana huA hai| AcArya ne eka ora jaina paramparA kI dhyAna-sAdhanA vidhi ko to surakSita rakhA kintu tAMtrika prabhAva se apane ko mukta nahIM rakha paaye| isa zatAbdI meM jaina yoga aSTAMgayoga, haThayoga aura taMtra-zAstra se adhika prabhAvita milatA hai| Agamika yuga meM jo dharmadhyAna thA, vaha isa kAla meM piMDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta ina cAra rUpoM meM vargIkRta ho gyaa| inakA srota kahA~ hai tathA ye uttarottara kisa prakAra se vikAsa ko prApta hue haiM,yaha vicAraNIya hai| ina bhedoM kA nirdeza AgamoM evaM mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, SaTkhaNDAgama, tattvArtha sUtra, dhyAnazataka Adi granthoM meM nahIM milatA hai| ina bhedoM kA ullekha hameM AcArya devasana (10vIM zatI) viracita 'bhAvasaMgraha'119 meM upalabdha hotA hai| inakA ullekha yogIndu (sambhavata: I. chaThI 119. bhAvasaMgraha piNDastha 919-22, padastha 626-27 rUpastha 623-25, rUpAtIta 628-30 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 61 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza zatAbdI) viracita yogasAra (gA. 98 ) meM bhI kiyA gayA hai| isase pUrva ke anya kisI grantha meM yaha dekhane meM nahIM AyA / padmasiMha muni viracita jJAnasAra (vi. 1086 ) meM arahanta kI pradhAnatA se piNDastha, padastha aura rUpastha ina tIna kI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| 120 vahA~ rUpAtIta kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA gayA hai| piMDastha Adi cAra vargIkaraNa para taMtrazAstra kA prabhAva pratIta hotA hai| navacakrezvarataMtra meM piNDa, pada, rUpa aura rUpAtIta ko jAnane vAle ko guru kahA gayA hai piMDaM padaM tathA rUpaM rUpAtItaM catuSTayam / yo vA samyag vijAnAti sa guruH parikIrtitaH // gurugItA meM piNDa kA artha kuNDalinI zakti, pada kA artha haMsa, rUpa kA artha bindu aura rUpAtIta kA artha niraMjana kiyA gayA hai| - piNDaM kuMDalinI zaktiH padaM haMsaH prakIrtitaH / rUpaM biMdurIti jJeyaM, rUpAtItaM niraMjanam // 120. aisA lagatA hai ki jaina AcAryoM ne piMDastha, padastha, rUpastha, rUpAtIta isa vargIkaraNa ko svIkAra kiyA kintu unake artha apanI paribhASA ke anusAra kiye / caityavaMdana bhASya meM piMDastha, padastha aura rUpAtIta ye tIna hI prakAra mAnya kiye gaye haiM bhAveja avatthatiyaM piMDastha payattha rUvarahiyattaM / chadumattha kevalittaM siddhatthaM ceva tassattho / inakA artha bhI zeSa granthoM se bhinna hai| bhASyakAra ke anusAra chadmastha ( AvRtajJAnI), kevalI (anAvRta jJAnI) aura siddha ye tIna dhyeya haiM / etad viSayaka dhyAna ko kramaza: piMDastha, padastha aura rUpAtIta kahA jAtA hai / usa samaya dhyAna ke ina prakAroM se jana-mAnasa bahuta paricita ho gayA thA isalie jaina AcAryoM ke lie bhI inakA svIkAra Avazyaka ho gayA hogA, aisA pratIta hotA hai| AcArya zubhacandra ne bhI apane 'jJAnArNava' meM dharmadhyAna ke antargata piMDastha khaNDa : SaSTha JANAN jJAnasAra 18 62 APP

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Adi cAra dhyAnoM kA tathA pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA jaina paramparA ke sAtha unheM samAyojita karane ke lie unakI vidhi meM AMzika parivartana bhI kiyA hai| isake sAtha hI AcArya zubhacandra kI dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne tritattva ke antargata zivatattva, kAma tattva aura garur3a tattva kA jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha dhyAna meM aura adhika paramocca zreyas bhAva, tIvratama utsAha aura parama parAkrama ko saMyojita karane ke lie kiyA hai| vastuta: AcArya zubhacandra kI isa carcA para bhI zaiva tAMtrikoM kA spaSTa prabhAva hai| AcArya somadeva kRta yogamArga : ____ mahAn kavi, tArkika aura tattvadraSTA zrI somadeva sUri digambara jaina paramparA meM devasaMgha ke AcArya the| unakA samaya vidvAnoM dvArA dasavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| inake guru kA nAma nemideva thaa| unhoMne apane dvArA racita 'yazastilaka campU' meM likhA hai ki ve rASTrakUTavaMzIya samrAT kRSNa tRtIya ke Azrita sAmanta cAlukyavaMzIya arikesarI ke sama sAmayika the| kRSNa tRtIya kA samaya itihAsa ke anusAra 929968 IsvI hai| arikesarI kA bar3A putra vAdyarAja-vAgarAja-vadika inakA ananya bhakta thaa| usakI rAjadhAnI gaMgAdhArA yA gaMgadhArA nAmaka nagara meM thii| vahA~ 969 IsvI meM unhoMne yazastilaka campU kI racanA kii| AcArya somadeva ne yukticintAmaNi, yogamArga, adhyAtma taraMgiNI evaM nItivAkyAmRta Adi aneka graMthoM kI racanA kii| inake dvArA racita yogamArga' jaina yoga para vizeSata: dhyAnasAdhanA para eka ucca koTi kI racanA hai| inakI zailI bahuta hI pAMDityapUrNa tathA AlaMkArika hai| yogamArga kI vividha chandoM meM racanA huI hai| mAgamAgesammata dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi : AcArya somadeva ne yogamArga meM dhyAnayogiyoM kI garimA kA AkhyAna karate hue likhA hai- jo mahApuruSa apane Apa udayaprApta lakSmI-vaibhava, sAmrAjya Adi vaibhava ke upabhoga meM, devoM se prApta sAmagrI meM, dhyAna ke prabhAva se prApta divya bhogoM ke sevana meM, kalpavRkSoM se prApta sukha-samRddhi meM, pRthvI, AkAza athavA dizA-vidizA meM ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 63 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza icchAnusAra viharaNa karane meM, jinakI icchAe~ naSTa ho gaI haiM ve AdhyAtmika yoga rUpI advitIya aizvarya ke dhanI yogIzvara sAdhanA meM adhyetAoM aura sAdhakoM kA teja, ojasvitA bar3hAyeM | AtmA rUpI gagana meM atyanta vegapUrvaka bhramaNa karane se, Atmastha rUpa meM cintanazIla rahane se jinake zarIra upekSita haiM, yogodyoga-dhyAna yoga ke prabhAva se samutpanna amRta rasa ke AsvAda ke kAraNa jinake mana rUpI rAjahaMsa kA pracaraNa manda ho gayA hai arthAt jinakA mana adhyAtma ke amRta meM sarAbora hone ke kAraNa sthira ho gayA hai, jisane idhara-udhara bhaTakanA banda kara diyA hai, pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM se mamatva ko naSTa kara DAlane ke kAraNa zUnya bane zarIra rUpI ghara para jinakA prabhutva hai, ve mamatAvihIna yogIzvara tumhAre karma rUpI tApa ko upazAnta kreN| 121 dhyAnayogI mahApuruSoM ko yadyapi yoga - vibhUtiyoM yA labdhiyoM ke rUpa meM anekAneka vizeSatAe~ prApta hotI haiM kintu ve to sarvathA niSkriya hote haiN| unheM unakI jarA bhI AkAMkSA nahIM hotii| unako jo AdhyAtmika vaibhava prApta hotA hai / usI meM ve sadA parituSTa hote haiN| unake prabhAva, sAnnidhya aura preraNA se sAdhakoM ko nissandeha bar3A bala prApta hotA hai| mana ko ekAgra karane hetu eka vizeSa krama kA, jise adhyAtmayogI sAdha lete haiM, varNana karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai " jinhoMne apane mana ko brahma granthi se nikAla kara nAbhikamala meM avatIrNa kiyA hai, tadanantara bahuta kAla taka hRdaya kamala meM avasthAna kara, phira rasanA ke ati paricita mukha meM, tAlu randhra meM phira cakSu, bhrU, lalATa, mastaka Adi meM nirvighnatayA parivartita kiyA hai, jana-jana ke pUjya ve dhyAnayogI tumheM utkRSTa adhyAtma lakSmI prApta karAye | 122 121. 122. khaNDa: SaSTha - granthakAra ne apane grantha meM bIca-bIca meM prANAyAma Adi kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai / Age unhoMne atyanta gaMbhIra rUpakAtmaka zailI meM dhyAna kI viziSTa phalavattA kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai antaraMga - bahiraMga parigraha tyAga rUpI IMdhana se jalAyI gaI dhyAna rUpI agni meM samyakdarzana rUpI divya auSadhi ke prabhAva se Atma rasa yogamArga ( AcArya somadeva) gA. 9-10 vahI, gA. 11 64

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AtmasvarUpa ke AsvAda meM rati-anurakti hone lagatI hai, tatpazcAt AkAza ke samAna nirmala upayoga ho jAne ke kAraNa AtmA meM varNanAtIta divya uttama zAnta, AdhyAtmika AnandamayI sthiti utpanna ho jAtI hai| jaba aisA hotA hai to phira saMsArI jIva dhyAna sAdhanA rUpI rasAyana vidhi dvArA kyoM nahIM siddhi prApta kara sakatA ?123 isa zloka meM bar3I jaTilatA se Ayurveda sammata rasAyana vidhi ke AdhAra para dhyAna dvArA adhyAtmasiddhi pAne kA mArga prazasta kiyA gayA hai| Ayurveda meM lohe ko svarNa banAne kI eka vizeSa prakriyA hai| vibhinna vanauSadhiyoM ke prayoga dvArA aneka bAra agni meM galAkara, saMskArita kara siddha kiyA jAtA hai| use svarNasiddhi yoga kahA jAtA hai| lohA sone ke rUpa meM badala jAtA hai| karmAvaraNayukta AtmA aura tadAzrita zarIra ko lohe ke rUpa meM upasthita kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna kA agni ke rUpaka se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| samyak jJAna samyak darzanAdi auSadhiyoM ke rUpa meM parikalpita haiN| ina saba ke yoga se lohamayI AtmA svarNamayI bana jAtI hai| citta ke cintana kA lakSya kabhI lokatraya ke AkAra kA bana jAtA hai arthAt vaha tInoM lokoM ke padArthoM para TikatA hai| kabhI lokatraya meM vidyamAna eka dravya ko, kabhI eka dravya kI paryAya ko lakSita kara ekAgra hotA hai| nAsikA ke agra bhAga para netroM kI sthiti rahatI hai, sUkSma mana vahA~ TikatA hai| dhyAnayogI una avasthAoM ko pAra kara apanI AtmA ko dhyAna kA lakSya banAtA hai| vaha janma-maraNa ke, AvAgamana ke bIja ko naSTa kara DAlatA hai, apane Apa ke sAtha aikya sthApita karane vAlA dhyAnayogI samasta prANiyoM ke lie harSaprada hotA hai|124 antarmuhUrta paryanta cintAnirodha dhyAna kA eka rUpa hai| zubhAzubha ke rUpa meM vaha dhyAna do prakAra kA hai| phira usake Arta, raudra, dharma aura zukla ke rUpa meM cAra bheda haiN| phira cAroM ke cAra-cAra bhedoM ko milAkara yaha solaha prakAra kA hai| yaha dhyAna apane - apane svarUpa ke AdhAra para tiryaMca, naraka, svarga aura mokSa ko dene vAlA hotA hai|125 123. 124. 125. vahI, gA. 12 . vahI, gA. 14 vahI, gA. 15 65

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha granthakAra ne saMkSepa meM yahA~ cAroM dhyAnoM kA paricaya diyA hai| jisa prakAra citta kI ekAgratA ke AdhAra para zubha yA prazasta eka prakAra kA dhyAna hai, usI prakAra azubha yA aprazasta bhI Alambana kI ekAgratA ke AdhAra para dhyAna to hotA hI hai| isalie ise bhI dhyAna kahate haiM, kintu yaha nahIM samajha liyA jAnA cAhie ki vaha Adeya hai| Arta - raudra dhyAna anAdeya aura tyAjya haiN| unakA phala tiryaMca yoni yA naraka yoni ke rUpa meM hai| dharma, zukla dhyAna hI AtmakalyANakArI haiM jo kramaza: svarga aura mokSa pradAtA haiN| dhyAnasiddha yogIzvaroM ne batalAyA hai ki dhyAna pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA / hai| caMcala, kisI eka sthAna para nahIM Tikane vAlI buddhi ko kisI eka abhISTa tattva para sthira karanA, anya viSayoM se use haTAkara dhyAna meM lIna karanA, dravyArthika paryAyArthika Adi aneka netroM ke anusAra dRr3ha hokara cintana karanA, saMprazna-antarjalpa, Antarika UhApoha karanA, anubhAvita honA athavA zAstroM meM varNita paMca parameSThiyoM ke vAcaka padoM yA zabdoM kA Alocana karanA athavA unakA artha samajhakara unameM lIna ho jAnA dhyAna hai|126 Arta evaM raudra dhyAna samasta saMsthAna yukta dehadhAriyoM meM hai| sabhI zarIroM meM, cAroM gatiyoM meM sabhI saMjJI evaM vikalendriya prANiyoM meM sambhava hai| vahA~ yogopayoga hotA hai| utkRSTa dharma dhyAna saMyamI sAdhakoM meM hotA hai| anutkRSTa jaghanya, madhyama dharmadhyAna samyakdRSTi hone para pazuoM, nArakoM, napuMsakoM evaM striyoM meM saMbhAvita hai| inake atirikta avirata samyagdRSTi tathA aNuvratI gRhasthoM meM hotA hai| sarvajJa prabhu ne aisA nirUpita kiyA hai|127 dharmadhyAna ke vaiziSTya kI carcA karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai- parama medhAvI AcAryoM ne vastu samUha ke yathArtha svarUpa ko dharma kahA hai| tatsambaddha dharmadhyAna sadaiva / harSa, amarSa, dveSa, abhiraMga Asakti se jinakA mana zUnya hai aise mumukSuoM ko svarUpa aura pararUpa ke Alambana se svAyatta hotA hai| 126. vahI, gA. 16 127. vahI, mA. 18 ~~~~~~~ruraMMISRAM 66 ~-~

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ~ mati-zruta Adi pA~ca jJAnoM dvArA jinhoMne samasta paryAyoM ko jAna liyA hai, ve jo kisI bhI tattva para apanI sthiratA yA ekAgratA sAdha cuke haiM aise dhyAna yogiyoM kA mana dharmadhyAna meM lIna rahatA hai| mana kI caMcalatA kA nAza ho jAne se ve moha ko jar3a se ukhAr3a DAlate haiN| 128 dharmadhyAna ke nirantara dhArApravAha abhyAsa dvArA jinhoMne utkRSTa sthiratA prApta kara lI hai, jinhoMne zvAsocchvAsa kI urmi-lahara ke pIr3A rahita ho jAne se jinhoMne Asana-vijaya kara liyA hai, zubha-azubha rUpI do prakAra ke karma rUpI jala ko bahA kara lAne vAlI mana:pravRtti ko prazAnta kara saMsAra-sAgara ke taTa ko prApta kara liyA hai, aisI mana:sthiti ho jAne para dhyAna yogI zukla dhyAna ko siddha karane meM samartha ho jAte haiN|129 dharmadhyAna kI sAdhanA ke antargata prANavAyu ke saMcAraniyamana, kramapravAha ke saMzodhana, mAnasika sthiratA aura prasannatA ke sampAdana dvArA dhyAna meM uttarottara U~cI sthiti karatA huA yogI zukladhyAna kI vareNya sthiti prApta kara letA hai| pariSkRta evaM parizodhita Atmodyama dvArA vaha use sAdha agrasara hotA huA UrdhvagAmitA kara letA hai| ___ zukla dhyAna ke bhedoM kA alaMkRta evaM prAMjala bhASA meM varNana karate hue granthakAra ne usa patha para Age bar3hate hue sAdhaka kA antarAtma bhAva se paramAtma bhAva kI ora prayANa kA jo bhAvacitra upasthita kiyA hai vaha eka ora AdhyAtmika sAmarasya aura dUsarI aura sAhityika saundarya kA eka vilakSaNa samanvaya liye hue hai| zukla dhyAna meM uttarottara UrdhvagAmitA prApta karane vAle jIva ke karmoM kA jaba sarvathA kSaya ho jAtA hai taba eka samaya meM hI vaha lokAkAza ke agrabhAga meM tanuvAtavalaya meM jAkara avasthita ho jAtA hai| vahA~ anta meM chor3e gaye zarIra se kiJcit nyUnAkRti rahatI hai| kyoMki aMtima audArika zarIra meM nAsikA, karNa, udara Adi aMgoM meM jo pola rahatI hai vahA~ Atmapradeza nahIM rahate haiN| 128. 129. vahI, gA. 22 vahI, gA. 24 ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ 67

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AcArya zubhacandra,bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza khaNDa : SaSTha ____ muktAvasthA meM jIva ke dhyAna bhI nahIM hotA kyoMki ghAtI evaM aghAtI sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| yaha karmakSaya kI prakriyA zukla dhyAna ke caturtha bheda ke samaya sampUrNatayA sampanna ho jAtI hai| Age dhyAna kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai| zukla dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM meM prathama do sUkSma pRthaktva vitarka, ekatva vitarka zrutakevalI ke hote haiN| antima do dhyAnoM meM tIsarA dhyAna sayoga kevalIavasthA meM evaM cauthA dhyAna ayoga kevalIavasthA meM hotA hai| muktAvasthA meM karmoM kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAne ke kAraNa siddhAtmAoM meM dhyAna kI sthiti nahIM rahatI kyoMki saMkalpavikalpa ke koI kAraNa hI vahA~ vidyamAna nahIM rahate jinake lie dhyAna kiyA jAya yA jinakA nirodha kiyA jaay|130 'yogamArga' dhyAna para aisI pragAr3ha pANDityapUrNa kRti hai jo kalevara meM choTI hote hue bhI bhAvodAttatA, varNana kI utkRSTatA aura gaMbhIratA ke kAraNa bar3I vilakSaNatA liye hue hai| somadevakRta yazastilaka campU meM dhyAna : AcArya somadeva ne 'yazastilakacampU' meM prasaMgopAtta dhyAna kA vivecana kiyA hai| 'yazastilaka campU' saMskRta sAhitya kI eka atyanta gauravapUrNa kRti hai| sAhitya meM jisa racanA meM gadya-padya donoM zailiyoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, use campU kahate haiN| saMskRta meM aneka campU kAvyoM kI racanA huI hai| somadevakRta yazastilakacampU' meM ujjaina ke samrAT yazodhara kA vRttAnta hai| isI kAraNa isa mahAkAvya kA dUsarA nAma 'yazodharamahArAjacaritam' bhI hai| mahAkAvya meM dharma, darzana, rAjanIti, vyavahAra Adi aneka viSayoM kA varNana hotA hai| isa mahAkAvya meM saMskRta ke suprasiddha grantha 'kAdambarI' jaise lambe samAsayukta padoM kA, kliSTa zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| isake ATha AzvAsa haiN| pahale pA~ca AzvAsoM meM isakI kathAvastu parisamApta ho jAtI hai| antima tIna AzvAsoM ko upAsakAdhyayana ke rUpa meM abhihita kiyA gayA hai| isameM 46 kalpa haiN| yaha upAsakoM yA gRhI sAdhakoM ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| prasaMgavaza sudatta nAmaka AcArya ke mukha se granthakAra ne upadeza ke rUpa meM dhyAna, dhyAtA aura 130. vahI, gA. 36

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyeya ke svarUpa kA varNana kiyA hai| dhyAna ke cAroM bhedoM kI bhI carcA kI hai, dhyAna vidhi, dhyAna kA mAhAtmya Adi kA bhI vizeSa rUpa se varNana kiyA hai| dhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki jo sAdhaka zAzvata yA parama lakSya siddha karanA cAhatA hai vaha dhyAnavidhi ko bhalI bhA~ti hRdayaMgama kre| vaha tattvacintana ke amRtasAgara meM apane mana ko dRr3hatApUrvaka nimagna kara use bAharI viSayoM meM vyApta hone se sarvathA dUra rkhe| vaha use jar3avat banA le| vaha khaDgAsana yA vajrAsana meM dhyAnArtha sthita ho| dhyAnAmRta kA AsvAda lete hue sAdhaka ucchvAsa tathA nizvAsa ko sUkSma karate hue saba aMgoM meM prANavAyu ke halana-calana mUlaka saMcaraNa kA nirodha kre| vaha pASANa kI pratimA jaisA banakara dhyAna meM sthiratApUrvaka saMlagna rhe| apanI pA~coM indriyoM ko Atmonmukha banA le| bAhya viSayoM se dUra kara le|131 unhoMne dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki citta ko eka mAtra dhyeya meM saMlagna karanA dhyAna hai| dhyAna kA phala AdhyAtmika ujjvalatA hai| use anubhUta karane meM samartha AtmA dhyAtA hai| AtmasvarUpa yA Atmajyoti yA zruta dhyeya hai| zArIrika saMyama, dUsare zabdoM meM, indriyoM kA niyaMtraNa dhyAna meM vihita hai| dhyAnanirata sAdhaka pazu-pakSIkRta, devakRta, mAnavakRta, AkAza se utpanna, bhUmi se utpanna, apane zarIra se utpanna bAdhA, pIr3A, vyAdhi Adi vighnoM ko dRr3hatA pUrvaka sahana karatA jaay| vaha anukUla aura pratikUla donoM kA laMghana kara jaay| vighna Ane para jo sAdhaka dubalatA dikhAtA hai, usase ve vighna miTate nahIM, jaise koI mRtyu ke Age yadi dainya pradarzita kare to bhI vaha usase baca nahIM sktaa| isalie upasarga, bAdhA, vaiparItya Adi ke Ane para sAdhaka mana meM jarA bhI kleza kA anubhava na kre| vaha parabrahma paramAtmA meM apanA cintana jor3e rkhe| Atma-svarUpa ke sAkSAtkAra hetu sAdhaka dhyAna-sAdhanA ke lie aise sthAna kA cayana kare jahA~ usakI indriyA~ Asakti rUpI coroM ke dvArA utpanna vighna kI pahu~ca se pare ho, jahA~ aise vyakti yA padArtha bhI na hoM jo mana meM Asakti yA moha paidA 131. yazastilaka campU AzvAsa zloka, 8.155-158 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 69 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza kreN| yadyapi tAttvika dRSTi se zarIra kA koI mahattva nahIM hai, parantu saMsAra sAgara ko pAra karane ke lie yaha sAdhanA meM tumbikA ke samAna vyakti kA sahAyaka hai| usI dRSTi se zarIra kI rakSA karanI cAhie | jo manuSya dhairyarahita hai aura kAyaratA yukta hai usake lie kavaca dhAraNa karanA bhI nirarthaka hai| jisa kheta meM dhAna sUkha cukA ho usakI bAr3a karanA niSprayojya hai, usI prakAra jo puruSa dhyAna meM yathArthataH apane citta ko ekAgra nahIM kara sakatA usake lie bAhya vidhi-vidhAna nirarthaka haiM / jaise vAyurahita sthAna meM dIpaka nizcala rUpa meM prakAza detA rahatA hai vaise hI sAdhaka kA mana jaba Antarika aura bAhya ajJAna rUpI pavana se avicalita rahatA hai, tattvaciMtana meM sotsAha lagA rahatA hai taba usakA dhyAna sabIja dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| jaba sAdhaka kI caitasika pravRttiyA~ nirvicAra yA saMkramaNa rahita ho jAtI haiM, sAdhaka jaba AtmA kI zuddhAvasthA meM hI nimagna rahatA hai, to usakA vaha dhyAna nirbIja dhyAna kahA jAtA hai / khaNDa : SaSTha isa citta meM ananta sAmarthya hai kintu yaha pArada ke samAna caMcala hai / Ayurvedika paddhati dvArA jaise pArada mUrcchita, mArita aura zuddha hokara siddha ho jAtA hai, rasAyana kA rUpa le letA hai, usI prakAra citta AdhyAtmika jJAna rUpI agni meM mUrcchita, mArita aura zuddha hokara sthira ho jAtA hai| jaise zuddha hokara rasAyana banA huA pArada adbhuta vaiziSTya prApta kara letA hai, usI prakAra jisa yogI kA citta sthira ho jAtA hai vaha caitasika zuddhi sampanna yogI saba kucha prApta kara letA hai| yadi yaha mana rUpI haMsa samasta manovyApAra se virahita hokara acaMcala bana jAya, AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa meM sthiratA pA le to vaha sarvajJAnI, sarvadarzI, nirmala AtmA ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai / samasta saMsAra rUpI mAnasarovara usakA adhiSThAna bana jAtA hai / vaha dhyeya vastu meM ekAgra hokara satata sakriya rahatA hai / vaha jJeya, upAdeya Adi bhAvoM ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAna letA hai aura jarA bhI vibhrAnta nahIM hotA / 1 32 mahAkavi ne dhyAna kI mahimA kA AkhyAna karate hue likhA hai ki ratnoM kA vahI, 8. 159 169 132. 70

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khaNDa : SaSTha jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama udbhava yadyapi bhUmi meM hI hotA hai kintu sabhI bhUmiyoM meM ratna nahIM hote| yahI bAta dhyAna ke sAtha hai| vaha sabhI AtmAoM meM utpanna nahIM hotaa| jJAnIjanoM ne dhyAna kA kAlamAna antarmuhUrta batAyA hai, yaha nizcita hai ki isase adhika kAla paryanta dhyAna kA sthira raha pAnA duSkara hai| kintu yaha antarmuhUrta paryanta prakaTa hone vAlA dhyAna bhI itanA adhika zaktizAlI hotA hai ki jisa prakAra vajra kSaNa bhara meM bahuta bar3e parvata ko tor3a-phor3a DAlatA hai usI prakAra dhyAna karmoM ke usa samUha ko naSTa-bhraSTa kara DAlatA hai jo AtmaguNoM kA ghAta karate haiN| __ samudra meM itanA apAra abAdha jala bharA par3A hai ki yadi kalpoM taka bhI koI use apane hAthoM se ulIcatA jAye to samudra ko khAlI nahIM kara pAtA, kintu pralaya kAla meM jo pracaNDa vAyu calatI hai isameM usa samudra ko na kevala eka bAra varan aneka bAra avilamba khAlI kara DAlane kI zakti rahatI hai| vahI sthiti antarmuhUrta dhyAna kI zakti kI hai| usake dvArA ghAtikarmoM ke samUha avilamba naSTa, dhvasta aura kSINa kara diye jAte haiN| dhyAna ke mAdhyama se AtmA dvArA paramAtma svarUpa meM citta kA sthirIkaraNa karane se paramAtma pada prApta ho jAtA hai|133 tadanantara granthakAra ne vairAgya, jJAna, asaMga citta kI ekAgratA, daihika aura mAnasika Adi duHkhoM para vijaya inheM dhyAna ke sadhane ke kAraNa kahA hai|134 dhyAna yoga ke bAdhaka yA pratibandhaka kAraNoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai, Adhi-mAnasika pIr3A, vyAdhi-daihika roga, viparyAsa-atathya ko tathya mAnane kA Agraha, pramAda, Alasya, vibhrama,-bhrAnti, alAbha-phala kI aprApti, saMgatA-jJAna hote hue bhI bhautika sukhoM meM AsaktatA, asthiratA, azAntatA, inase yoga meM antarAya yA vighna hotA hai|135 unhoMne yogI kI sudRr3ha avasthA kA vivecana karate hue likhA hai ki cAhe koI vyakti dhyAnayogI ke zarIra meM kaMTaka cubhoye, koI usakI deha para candana Adi kA lepa kare, vaisI bAhya dRSTi se duHkhada evaM sukhada sthitiyoM meM vaha na roSa karatA 133. vahI, 8.172-176 134. vahI, 8.177 135. vahI, 8.178 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 71 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya zubhacandra, bhAskaranandi va somadeva ke sAhitya meM dhyAnavimarza hai na paritoSa hI mAnatA hai / vaha to apane Apa ko pASANa kI taraha sthira rakhatA hai, dhyAna meM nimagna rahatA hai / 36 AcArya somadeva ne apane grantha meM dhyAna kA jo vizleSaNa kiyA hai, vaha jaina paramparA ke cale Ate etad viSayaka krama ke anurUpa hai| unhoMne dhyAna meM sahayoga karane vAle aura vighna karane vAle kAraNoM ko batAte hue dhyAnayogiyoM ko sAvadhAna kiyA hai| AcArya somadeva eka bar3e kuzala, saphala, zabdazilpI the / unhoMne lAlityapUrNa saMskRta meM apane vivecya viSayoM kA jo nirUpaNa kiyA hai, vaha bar3A hI sundara aura AkarSaka hai| dhyAnasAdhanA jaise adhyAtmayoga saMbaMdhI viSaya ko unhoMne sundara kAvyAtmaka zailI meM prastuta kara niHsandeha AkarSaka banA diyA hai, kintu yaha kahanA bhI asagaMta nahIM hogA ki unhoMne jainayoga ke saMdarbha meM koI navIna maulika cintana prastuta nahIM kiyA / 136. khaNDa : SaSTha vahI, 8.179 72

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama khaNDa: - saptama AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza * yogazAstra : dhyAna kA anupama grantha * yogapradIpa : gAgara meM sAgara * 'dhyAnadIpikA' : saMkalanagrantha ~ ~ ~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama khaNDa:- saptama AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza Nitik a) AcArya hemacandra kA vyaktitva evaM kRtitva : - AcArya hemacandra apane yuga ke prabhAvaka pratibhAzAlI vidvAn, jainadharma ke ananya prabhAvaka, dharmanAyaka tathA anekAneka granthoM ke racayitA mahAn puruSa the| gujarAta tathA tatsamIpavartI bhU-bhAgoM ke mahAn zAsaka siddharAja jayasiMha dvArA ve vizeSa rUpa se sammAnita the| siddharAja kA uttarAdhikArI kumArapAla unakA parama zraddhAzIla anuyAyI thaa| AcArya hemacandra kA janma gujarAta meM dhundhukA nAmaka nagara meM eka vaizya parivAra meM huA thaa| unake pitA kA nAma cAciga thA, jo vaiSNava dharma meM zraddhAzIla the| unakI mAtA kA nAma pAhinI thaa| ve zraddhAlu jaina zrAvikA thiiN| AcArya hemacandra zaizavAsthA meM hI prakhara pratibhAzAlI the| ve apanI mAtA ke sAtha jaina upAzraya meM jAte the| AcArya devacandra sUri kI una para dRSTi pdd'ii| unhoMne anubhava kiyA ki dharmaprabhAvanA kI dRSTi se isa bAlaka kA bhaviSya bar3A hI ujjvala hai| unhoMne yaha bAta jainasaMgha ke samakSa vyakta kii| AcArya aura sAre saMgha ke anurodha para mAtA ne unheM dIkSita hone kI AjJA dii| usa samaya unake pitA ghara para nahIM the| jaba unheM jJAta huA to ve sahaja sahamata nahIM hue| samasta jaina saMgha ke anurodha para unhoMne dIkSA kI svIkRti pradAna kii| AcArya devacandra sUri dvArA dIkSita hue| unakA nAma somacandra rakhA gyaa| ve vidyAdhyayana meM nirata hue| jJAnAvaraNa ke viziSTa kSayopazama ke pariNAma svarUpa unhoMne thor3e hI samaya meM jaina AgamoM ke sAtha-sAtha aneka zAstroM kA jJAna prApta kiyaa| nAgaura (rAja.) meM kevala bIsa varSa kI Ayu meM ve AcArya pada para adhiSThita hue| taba unakA nAma hemacandra huaa| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama JNPP~~~ AcArya hemacandra IsA kI bArahavIM zatI ke mahAn vidvAn aura krAntikArI AcArya the / vyAkaraNa, koza, mahAkAvya, pramANazAstra ityAdi anekAneka viSayoM para unhoMne vipula parimANa meM grantharacanA kI / unhoMne na kevala jainajagat ko hI sAMskRtika aura sAhityika dena dI varan unhoMne samasta gurjara pradeza aura gurjara saMskRti ke itihAsa ke navanirmANa meM jo yogadAna kiyA vaha niHsandeha sadA smaraNIya rhegaa| bhAratIya vyAkaraNoM meM pANini kI 'aSTAdhyAyI' ke samakakSa koI vyAkaraNagrantha yadi kahA jA sakatA hai to vaha 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana' hI hai / siddharAja jayasiMha gujarAta ke mahAn pratApI rAjA the| AcArya hemacandra se ve atyanta prabhAvita hue aura unakA adhikAdhika sAnnidhya pAne lge| usa samaya saMskRta - adhyayana ke kSetra meM vyAkaraNa kA sarvAdhika mahattva thA / dezabhara meM prAya: kAzmIrI vaiyAkaraNoM ke vyAkaraNoM kA hI adhyayana hotA thA / siddharAja kI yaha bhAvanA thI ki gujarAta meM bhI mahAn vyAkaraNa kA nirmANa ho / unhoMne gujarAta ke vidvAnoM kI eka sabhA Ayojita kI aura unake samakSa apanA anurodha nivedita kiyA / mAtra hemacandra hI aise the jinhoMne isa anurodha ko svIkAra kiyaa| unhoMne deza meM pracalita samasta vyAkaraNa grantha ma~gavA kara unakA gahanatA evaM sUkSmatA se parizIlana kiyaa| cAra varSa ke ghora parizrama se unhoMne mahAn vyAkaraNa grantha kI racanA kii| usakA nAma 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana' rkhaa| apane nAma se pUrva siddharAja jayasiMha kA nAma jor3akara unhoMne use bhI apane sAtha sadA ke lie amara kara diyaa| isake atirikta koza, kAvya, pramANazAstra ityAdi viSayoM para unhoMne aneka grantha race / siddharAja jayasiMha kA uttarAdhikArI kumArapAla unakA ananya ziSya thA / apane guru ke anurodha para apane dvArA zAsita samasta rAjya meM usane amArI ghoSaNA karavAyI, jisake anusAra mAMsa vikraya aura bhakSaNa hetu pazuvadha kA niSedha kiyA gayA / lagabhaga caudaha varSa taka yaha krama calatA rahA jo vizva ke itihAsa kA ahiMsA ke saMdarbha meM advitIya prayoga thA / ba) 'yogazAstra' dhyAna kA anupama grantha : kumAra pAla AcAryazrI ke prati ananya zraddhA rakhatA thA / jahA~ usane rAjakIya vyavasthA ke anusAra jIvahiMsA kA niSedha karavAyA, vahIM usane anya aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya apane mahAn guru kI preraNA se kiye, sAhitya - sarjana bhI kiyA jaisA ki 3

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama 'yogazAstra' ke anta meM AcArya hemacandra ne ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne isa grantha kI racanA mahArAja kumArapAla kI abhyarthanA para kii| mahArAja kumArapAla kA yaha anurodha rahA ho ki AcAryavara ! Apane anekAneka bahamUlya ratnoM kA sarjana kiyA hai, sAdhanA hetu mere lie bhI eka grantha kI racanA kareM, jisake anusAra meM adhyAtma kI dizA meM agrasara ho skuuN| AcArya ne isa grantha kA nAma 'yogopaniSad' diyA, yadyapi yaha grantha yogazAstra nAma se vikhyAta hai| unhoMne isake upasaMhAra meM vizeSa rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai ki jo maiMne zAstroM meM par3hA, guru ke upadeza se, gurujana ke mukha se zravaNa kiyA, anubhava dvArA jAnA, usI kA maiMne isa grantha meM ullekha kiyA hai| jJAnIjanoM ke citta ke lie yaha cAmatkArika siddha hogaa| 'yogazAstra' ke rUpa meM AkhyAta karane meM sambhava hai granthakAra kA koI vizeSa Azaya rahA ho| bhArata meM vidyAkSetra meM zAstra zabda atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| pustaka, grantha Adi kI apekSA zAstra zabda ke sAtha eka mahattA kA samAyojana hai| zAstIti zAstram' ke anusAra jo zAsita kare, anujJA ke rUpa meM prerita kare, jIvana meM siddhAntoM ko kriyAnvita karane kA sphUrtimaya bodha pradAna kare, vaha zAstra hai| isa grantha ke sAtha zAstra zabda ko yojita karane meM vizeSa rUpa se granthakAra kA yaha abhiprAya rahA hai ki unakA ziSya kumArapAla tathA anya loga isakA adhyayana kara ise apane jIvana meM utAreMge aura yoganiSpatti labhya zAnti kA sAkSAtkAra kreNge| 'prazamaratiprakaraNa' meM bhI anya prakAra se aisA hI bhAva prakaTa kiyA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne apane anya granthoM ko 'yogadRSTisamuccaya', 'yogabindu', 'yogazataka' aura 'yogaviMzikA' nAma diye, kisI ke sAtha zAstra zabda nahIM jodd'aa| AcArya zubhacandra ne apane yogaviSayaka grantha ko 'jJAnArNava' kI saMjJA dii| uttaravartI mahAn vidvAn tathA yoganiSNAta yazovijaya jI ne bhI apane yogaviSayaka granthoM ko 'adhyAtmasAra' Adi nAmoM dvArA abhihita kiyaa| abhiprAya yaha hai ki 'yogazAstra' ke rUpa meM AcArya hemacandra kA grantha hI jaina yogavAGmaya meM vizruta hai| eka bahuta bar3e pradeza ke zAsaka ke lie isa grantha kI racanA karate samaya 1. 2. yogazAstra, 12.55 prazamarati. 188

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama saMbhavata: granthakAra ke mana meM yaha bhAva rahA ho ki yogasAdhanA ko ve itane sarala subodha rUpa meM prastuta kareM ki jisase anekAneka laukika uttaradAyitvoM ko vahana karate hue bhI vyakti use sAdha ske| isalie unhoMne gRhasthopayogI krama ko apnaayaa| vratAdi sAdhanA ke aMgoM ko yoga kI dRSTi se vizeSa rUpa se pratipAdita kiyaa| ___dhyAna kI vizeSa carcA aSTAMga yoga ke sAtaveM caraNa ke rUpa meM milatI hai| isa prakAra yoga aura dhyAna vastuta: eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| dhyAna yoga kA hI aMga hai| ata: yoga ke svarUpa ko samajhe binA dhyAna kI carcA saMbhava nhiiN| pAtaMjala 'yogasUtra' meM dhyAna ke pUrva yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra tathA dhAraNA ko dhyAna kA pUrvavartI batAyA gayA hai aura samAdhi kA ullekha dhyAna kI pariniSpatti ke rUpa meM huA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna aura yoga meM sahasaMbaMdha hone ke kAraNa yogazabda kI vyAkhyA Avazyaka pratIta hotI hai| 'yoga' zabda ne kaba, kahA~ se arthabodha kI yAtrA prArambha kI hai aura isa zabda se kisane kyA samajhA hai, yaha kahanA atyanta kaThina hai, kyoMki dhyAnayoga, karmayoga, bhaktiyoga, haThayoga, adhyAtmayoga, sAMkhyayoga, jJAnayoga Adi zabdoM meM yoga zabda alaga-alaga arthoM kA bodha karA rahA hai| __yoga zabda prAya: dhyAnayoga ke artha meM hI prayukta huA hai| pataMjali kA yogadarzana dhyAna-yoga kI hI AdyopAnta vyAkhyA hai| pataMjali ne yogasUtra meM ise cettavRtti kA nirodha kahA hai| yoga kI yaha vyAkhyA IsA se do sau varSa pUrva kI gayI thI, kintu dhyAnAvasthita sAdhakoM kI aneka mUrtiyA~, har3appA aura mohanajodar3o se upalabdha huI haiM, ata: jJAta hotA hai ki dhyAnayoga kI prakriyA se usa kAla kA mAnava bhI paricita ho cukA thA jise Aja ke aitihAsika evaM purAtattvavettA prAgetihAsika kAla kahate haiN| zrIkRSNa kA kAla IsA se 3000 varSa pUrva mAnA gayA hai, kucha aise vidvAn bhI haiM jo zrIkRSNa ko 22000 varSa pUrva kA mAnate haiN| unhoMne gItA meM sAMkhyayoga, bhaktiyoga, karmayoga, anAsakta yoga Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| jJAtavya hai ki zrIkRSNa ke samaya yoga zabda pUrNata: prasiddhi pA cukA thaa| zrIkRSNa ne yoga zabda ke mukhyata: do artha kiye haiM - "yogaH karmasu kauzalam" karma karane meM kuzalatA hI ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama PANN yoga hai aura "samatvayoga ucyate" samatA kI sAdhanA hI yoga hai / 3 yoga zabda kA karma - kauzala artha bhI jaina saMskRti ko mAnya pratIta hotA hai kyoMki yahA~ mana, vacana aura kAyA ke kArya-vyApAroM ko yoga mAnA gayA hai| bhagavAna buddha ne yoga ke sthAna para samAdhi zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai aura unakI dRSTi meM hRdaya kA saMzaya rahita honA aura mana, vacana evaM kAyA kA santulana hI yoga athavA dhyAna hai / mana, vacana aura kAyA kA santulana hone para hI citta sthairya prApta hotA hai aura citta kI sthiratA meM hI samAdhi hai - AtmasvarUpa avasthiti hai / vyAkaraNa meM dhAtu, pratyayagata artha yaugika artha ko yoga kahate haiN| rasAyana kriyA meM do bhinna padArthoM ke milane se naye padArtha kI utpatti ko yoga kahate haiM / gaNita meM jor3a ko yoga kahate haiM / zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI ne 'Avazyaka niryukti' meM sAdhu kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki- "nivvANa - sAhae joge jamhA sAhaMti sAhuNo / " jinhoMne nirvANasAdhaka yoga kI sAdhanA kI hai ve sAdhu haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM yoga ko vAhana kI upamA dI gaI hai - " vAhaNe vahamANasya kaMtAraM aivattaI / joe vahamANassa saMsAro aivattaI / " arthAt vAhana ko vahana karate yAnI khIMcate hue jaise baila jaMgala ko lAMgha jAte haiM vaise hI yoga ko vahana karate hue sAdhaka saMsAra rUpI jaMgala ko pAra kara letA hai| yoga kI vyAkhyA : AcArya umAsvAti ne samyag darzana, samyag jJAna aura samyak cAritra ko mokSamArga kahA hai| usI ko AcArya hemacandra ne yoga kahA hai| 4 jaisA ki pahale varNita huA hai AcArya haribhadra ke abhimata meM dharmasAdhanA yoga hai| unake anusAra yoga vaha hai jo mokSa se yoga arthAt saMbaMdha karAve / dharma mokSa kA sAdhana hai isalie dharma kA jitanA parizuddha vyApAra hai vaha saba yoga hai|' unhoMne apane yogaviSayaka sabhI granthoM meM una saba sAdhanoM ko yoga kahA hai, jinase AtmA kI vizuddhi hotI hai, karmamala 3. tattvArtha sUtra 1.1 4. abhidhAna cintAmaNi 1. 77 5. yogaviMzikA, 1 vyAkhyA

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kA nAza hotA hai| AcArya haribhadra ke vicAra se yoga kA artha hai dharmavyApAra, AdhyAtmika bhAvanA aura samatA kA vikAsa, manovikAroM kA kSaya tathA mana, vacana aura karma kA saMyamana, tanmUlaka samasta dhrmvyaapaar| ___ yoga zabda yuj dhAtu meM ghaJ pratyaya ke yoga se niSpanna hai| yuj arthAt jodd'naa| mokSa ke sAtha jisa kArya se jur3A jA sake vaha yoga hai| "mokSeNa yojanAd yogaH" pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM yuj dhAtu kA prayoga tIna arthoM meM huA hai - 1. yuj - samAdhau 2. yujir - yoge 3. yuj sNymne| ina tInoM dhAtuoM se alaga - alaga bane hue yoga zabda kA artha kramaza: samAdhi, jor3a, saMyamana hotA hai| saMskRta vAGmaya meM ina tInoM arthoM vAle yoga zabda kA prayoga hotA rahA hai| dhyAna kA mahattva : AcArya hemacandra ke anusAra karma ke kSaya se mokSa hotA hai, AtmajJAna se karmakSaya hotA hai aura dhyAna se AtmajJAna prApta hotA hai ataeva AtmA ke lie dhyAna hitakArI hai|' binA dhyAna ke Atmadarzana nahIM hotA, dhyAna se hI AtmA kA zuddha pratibhAsa hotA hai| arthAt mokSa cAhane vAle sAdhaka ke lie dhyAna atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai| yaha dhyAna samatva kI jAgRti ke abhAva meM nahIM ho sakatA arthAt citta ko ekAgra, samabhAva meM sthira kiye binA dhyAna karanA vyartha hai aura dhyAna ke binA nizcala samatva kI prApti saMbhava nhiiN| dhyAna aura samatva eka dUsare ke kAraNa haiN| samatva bhAva kI prApti ke bAda dhyAna prakriyA ko Age bar3hAnA caahie| dhyAtA ke prakAra : dhyAna karane vAle do prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. sayogI aura 2. ayogI 6. 7. yogabindu, 32 yogazAstra, 4.113. . jJAnasAgara, 36 yogazAstra 4.114 9.

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama sayogI dhyAtA bhI do prakAra ke haiM- chadmastha aura kevlii| eka Alambana ma eka muhUrta 48 minaTa paryanta mana kA sthira rahanA chadmastha yogiyoM kA dhyAna kahalAtA hai| vaha dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| ayogiyoM kA dhyAnayoga mana, vacana, kAya kA nirodha honA hai aura sayogI kevalIdazA meM bhI yoga kA nirodha karate samaya hI dhyAna hotA hai, ata: vaha ayogiyoM ke dhyAna ke samAna hI hai|10 dhyAna kA kAla: eka muhUrta dhyAna meM vyatIta ho jAne ke pazcAt dhyAna sthira nahIM rahatA,11 phira yA to vaha cintana kahalAegA yA Alambana kI bhinnatA se dUsarA dhyAna khlaaegaa| abhiprAya yaha hai ki dhyAtA eka hI Alambana meM eka muhUrta se adhika sthira nahIM raha sktaa| hA~, eka ke pazcAt dUsare aura dUsare ke pazcAt tIsare Alambana ko grahaNa karane se dhyAna kI paramparA muhUrta se adhika bhI cala sakatI hai, parantu eka hI Alambana meM dhyAna muhUrta se adhika kAla taka sthira nahIM raha sktaa| dhyAna kI dhyeyavastu : dvAdaza bhAvanAe~: jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM bhAvanA kA sadA se bar3A mahattva rahA hai| kisI bhI upakrama, kArya yA udyama ke mUla meM bhAva yA bhAvanA kI avasthiti hotI hai| yadi usako sthiratApUrvaka sahejA jAye to usakA bahuta hI sundara pariNAma prakaTa hotA hai| cintana, vicAra yA bhAva kA anavarata bhAvita rahanA, usameM saMlagna rahanA, usakI AvRtti karate rahanA, inakA abhyAsa karanA bhAvanA yA bhAvanAyoga kahA jAtA hai| dhyAna ke lie pavitra mAnasikatA, saMkalpAtmaka dRr3hatA, sthiratA banAye rakhane ke lie bhAvanAoM kA abhyAsa ati Avazyaka hai| kyoMki vaisA hue binA mana meM AyA huA koI bhI sat cintana TikatA nahIM, mana kI ekAgratA ghaTita hotI nhiiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya hemacandra ne dhyAna kI pRSThabhUmi kI taiyArI meM bhAvanAoM ko paramAvazyaka mAnA aura unhoMne bAraha bhAvanAoM kA saMkSepa meM bar3A hI sundara vivecana kiyaa| 10. vahI, 4.115 11. (ka) tattvArthasUtra 9.37 (kha) yogapradIpa 15.33 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 8 ~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama Ra / anitya bhAvanA: anitya bhAvanA ke sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai ki jo hameM prAta:kAla dRSTigocara hotA hai, vaha madhyAhna meM dikhalAI nahIM detaa| jo madhyAhna meM dikhalAI par3atA hai vaha rAtri meM prApta nahIM hotA, isa saMsAra kA aisA svarUpa hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki jina padArthoM ke sAtha prANI saMpRkta rahatA hai, ve anitya haiN| isa jIvana meM zarIra hI samasta prANiyoM ke puruSArtha kI siddhi kA hetu hai arthAt zarIra dvArA hI dharma, artha, kAma, mokSa rUpa puruSArtha upAtta hote haiN| kintu utanA mahattvapUrNa zarIra bhI pracaNDa vAyu ke AghAta se vinaSTa ho jAne vAle meghoM ke sadRza lakSmI, dhana, sampatti jisameM hara koI vimohita rahatA hai, usI taraha caMcala haiM jisa taraha samudra kI lahareM hotI haiN| priya-apriya kA saMyoga, yauvana ityAdi isa taraha vilupta ho jAte haiM, ur3a jAte haiM jisa prakAra Aka kI ruI vAyu se ur3a jAtI hai|12 jaba vyakti sAdhanA-niSTha banane ko udyata hotA hai. dhyAna-nirata hone kA abhyAsa karatA hai taba usakI ekAgratA ko bhagna karane vAle ye hI padArtha yA hetu haiM, jinako AcArya hemacandra ne anitya kahakara nazvara batalAyA hai| sukhada padArtha, anukUla vaibhava, aizvarya, dehasampadA Adi hI ve kAraNa haiM, jo dhyAna kA abhyAsa karane vAle kI gati ko avaruddha kara DAlate haiN| jyoMhI sAdhaka apane Apa ko dhyAna se saMyukta karatA hai, tadgata AdhyAtmika Ananda kI anubhUti kA saMsparza karatA hai, ye kAraNa anAyAsa upasthita hokara usakA gatyavarodha kara DAlate haiN| jaba sAdhaka ke mana meM inakI vinazvaratA, kSaNabhaMguratA kA nizcaya ho jAtA hai, taba vaha vicalita nahIM hotaa| vicalita hone kA yaha krama TUTa jAtA hai| vinazvara padArthoM yA nimittoM kA varNana kara granthakAra ne Age likhA hai ki sAdhaka saMsAra ke usa anitya nazvara svarUpa kA pratikSaNa sthiratApUrvaka cintana karatA rhe| isase bhautika bhogopabhogamaya padArthoM ke prati nirmamatva bhAva jAgRta hotA hai| jisa prakAra kAle nAga ko maMtra dvArA vaza meM kiyA jA sakatA hai, usI prakAra tRSNA ko isa cintana dvArA nirmUla kiyA jA sakatA hai|13 12. yogazAstra, 4.57-59 13. vahI, 4.60

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama 2. azaraNa bhAvanA : saMsArAsakta vyakti yaha socatA huA apane ko nirApada mAnatA hai ki aise bahata se bar3e-bar3e mere hitaiSI haiM jo mujhe kisI bhI saMkaTa meM zaraNa de sakate haiM, sahArA de sakate haiM, mujhe usase bacA sakate haiN| ataeva mRtyu jaise aTala satya meM bhI usakI AsthA nahIM rhtii| aisA hone se usakI saMsArAsakti bar3hatI jAtI hai| aise prANI kA mana dhyAna meM kaise ekAgra ho sakatA hai| yaha to vaha unmAda hai jo prANI ko vAstavikatA se sadA dUra rakhatA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne vyakti ko isa unmAda se chur3Ane ke lie azaraNa bhAvanA kA vizeSa rUpa se nirUpaNa kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki devAdhideva indra tathA upendra-vAsudeva cakravartI Adi bhI mRtyu se baca nahIM skte| ve bhI usake vazIbhUta hote haiN| aisI sthiti meM sAmAnya prANiyoM ke lie to kahanA hI kyA ! koI bhI mRtyu se unakI rakSA kara pAne meM samartha nahIM hote| jaba mauta kA Agamana hotA hai to mAtA-pitA, bahana-bhAI Adi samasta parivArajana ke dekhate-dekhate prANI yamarAja ke vazavartI ho jAte haiM aura apane saMcita karmoM ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna gatiyoM meM pahu~ca jAte haiN| kitanA bar3A Azcarya hai ki ajJa puruSa apane-apane karmoM ke anusAra mRtyu ko prApta hone vAle pArivArika janoM ko jaba dekhatA hai to zoka karatA hai| kintu vaha yaha kadApi nahIM socatA ki eka dina mRtyu use bhI apane kror3a meM le legii| .. yaha saMsAra daHkha rUpI dAvAgni kI jvAlAoM se jalatA haA bar3A hI karAlarUpa liye hue hai| jisa prakAra dAvAgni se jalate vana meM mRga ke bacce ke lie koI zaraNa sthAna nahIM hai, usI prakAra saMsAra meM bhI mRtyu se trANa pAne kA koI Azrayasthala nahIM hai|14 jaba vyakti mana meM yaha nizcita kara letA hai ki vividha bhogopAbhoga, vaibhava evaM aizvarya yukta jIvana sthira nahIM hai, mRtyu hI usakA carama paryavasAna hai to daihika sukhopabhoga ke vividha svapnoM se vaha apane Apa ko bacA sakatA hai| vaisA hone para usakA citta vaibhAvika paristhitiyoM se unmukta hokara AtmasvabhAvAnugata dizA kI ora gatizIla hotA hai| tabhI usameM dhyAnApekSita ekAgratA kA samAveza hone lagatA hai| 14. vahI, 4.61-64 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kyoMki vaha mana meM aisA bhAva liye rahatA hai ki usake jIvana kA dhAgA na jAne kaba TUTa jAya / isalie prAptakAla meM use yoga sAdhane ke prayatna meM sadA samudyata rahanA cAhie, jisase devadurlabha mAnavajIvana kI saphalatA siddha ho ske| aisA bhAvAnubhAvana usako dhyAna ke sAtha saMyukta hone meM saMbala pradAna karatA hai / isa prasaMga meM mahAbhArata ke eka prasaMga kA ullekha karanA upayogI hogaa| mahAbhAratakAra vyAsa ne mRtyu se sadA anajAna rahane vAle mAnava ko udbodhita karane hetu eka prasaMga kA ullekha kiyA hai| khaNDa : saptama pANDava draupadI ke sAtha vanavAsa meM the / ghUmate-ghUmate sabako bahuta pyAsa lagI / jala kI khoja meM sabase choTA bhAI sahadeva niklaa| eka sarovara ke pAsa pahu~cA / jyoMhI vaha jala lene lagA, sarovara ke adhiSThAtA yakSa kI AvAja aayii| mere prazna kA uttara diye vagaira jala mata lenA / sahadeva ne usa para kucha gaura nahIM kiyA jyoMhI jala bharane lagA - mUrcchita hokara mRtavat gira pdd'aa| usake Ane meM vilamba dekhakara kramazaH nakula, arjuna aura bhIma bhI phuNce| sabakI vahI dazA huI / anta meM yudhiSThira phuNce| yakSa dvArA AvAja lagAyI jAne para usane kahA kaho, ApakA kyA prazna hai ? yakSa ne kahAkimAzcaryamataH param ! isase bar3A Azcarya kyA hai ? arthAt saMsAra meM sabase bar3A Azcarya kyA hai ? uttara do / yudhiSThira ne nimnAMkita rUpa meM usakA uttara diyA ahanyahani bhUtAni gacchanti yamamandiram / zeSAH jIvitumicchanti, kimAzcaryamataH param // dina-pratidina prANI yamarAja ke gRha meM jA rahe haiN| loga yaha saba dekhate haiM kintu ve yahI socate haiM, cAhate haiM ki ve sadA jIvita raheM / jagat meM isase bar3A Azcarya kyA hai / yakSa ke kucha aura bhI prazna the, jinakA yudhiSThira ne samAdhAna kiyaa| unameM yahA~ ullikhita prazna aura samAdhAna isI Azaya kA dyotaka hai 15 jo AcArya hemacandra ne azaraNa bhAvanA meM vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| ise Azcarya nahIM to kyA kahA jAya ki maraNa ke rUpa meM vidyamAna zAzvata satya ko bhI mAnava hRdayaMgama nahIM kara pAtA / yadi vaha soca le ki mRtyu se use trANa dene meM koI bhI samartha nahIM hai to usakI vipathagAmitA, ' AtmaparAGmukhatA sahaja hI naSTa ho sakatI hai| 15. mahAbhArata 11

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama FASSREE: 3. saMsAra bhAvanA: unhoMne Age saMsAra bhAvanA ke antargata saMsArI jIva ke sva-sva karmoM ke anurUpa niSpanna vividha rUpoM kI carcA karate hue use naTa kI sI ceSTAoM se upamita kiyA hai| jIva apane karmoM ke sambandha se bhava-bhavAntara meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| eka bar3I sundara upamA ke sAtha granthakAra ne isa prasaMga ko vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| jaise kirAye para liye hue makAna meM kucha hI samaya nivAsa karatA hai, use chor3akara jAnA par3atA hai vaise hI saMsArI jIva eka yoni ko chor3akara kisI dUsarI yoni meM jAtA rahatA hai| yahI krama uttarottara calatA jAtA hai| yaha tathya sAdhaka dvArA AtmasAt kiyA jAya aisA apekSita hai|16 TA NTRASAGAR 4. ekatva bhAvanA : ekatva bhAvanA kA vizleSaNa karate hue bar3e hI preraka zabdoM meM unhoMne likhA hai ki jIva akelA hI utpanna hotA hai aura akelA hI vipanna hotA hai| akelA hI bhava-bhavAntara meM apane karmoM kA phala bhogatA hai| usake dvArA upArjita sampatti ko to usake parivAra-jana bhogate haiM kintu arthArjana meM kiye gaye apane pApAcaraNa kA phala vaha svayaM hI bhogatA hai| ekatva bhAvanA ke mUla meM yaha uddezya nihita hai ki jIva jina sAMsArika sambandhoM meM vimohita hokara kabhI apane Apa ko akelA nahIM mAnatA vaha sarvathA mithyA hai, bhrama hai| isa bhAvanA kA anucintana karate rahane se citta meM AtmabhAva kA abhyudaya hotA hai usake phalasvarUpa caitasika cAMcalya apagata hotA hai aura dhyAnAnuzIlana meM saMlagnatA ghaTita hotI hai| 5. anyatva bhAvanA : ekatva bhAvanA AtmA ke sarvathA, nitAnta ekAkIpana para adhiSThita hai vaise hI anyatva bhAvanA Atmavyatirikta samasta padArthoM ke anyatva para AdhArita hai| isI bhAva ko granthakAra ne udghATita karate hue likhA hai ki zarIra aura AtmA kA visAdRzya spaSTa hai| kyoMki zarIra mUrta hai, jar3a hai, AtmA cetana hai| AtmA nitya hai, zarIra anitya 16. yogazAstra 4.65-67 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai| AtmA bhava-bhavAntara meM sadaiva apane rUpa meM vidyamAna rahatI hai, zarIra to karmAnusAra bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM pariNata-vipariNata hotA rahatA hai| jo deha, bandhu-bAndhava, vaibhava Adi se AtmA ko bhinna dekhatA hai usake hRdaya ko zokarUpI zalya kabhI pIr3ita nahIM kara paataa|17 sAMsArika jana ke mana meM yaha bhrAntipUrNa bhAvanA baddhamUla rahatI hai ki parivAra, . sampatti, vaibhava Adi saba unake apane haiN| apane lie upayogI haiN| ataeva ve unake sukha meM sukhI aura unake duHkha meM du:khI bane rahate haiN| paraspara bar3I AzAyeM saMjoye rahate haiN| isa atAttvika-avAstavika se tAdAtmya bhAva kA unmUlana anyatva bhAvanA kA lakSya hai| mAnava vicAra kare ki vAstava meM AtmA ke atirikta jo bhI hai vaha svakIya bodha kA udgama karatA hai, paragata AsthA kA apagama karatA hai| jaba aisA bhAva anta:karaNa meM udita, abhivardhita hotA jAtA hai to sAdhaka vibhAvAvasthA se pRthaka hotA jAtA hai| yaha pArthakya use Atmabodha ke sAtha yojita karatA hai jisase usakI dhyAna-sAdhanA sambala prApta karatI hai| 6. azuci bhAvanA : _Atmatattva ke zuddha svarUpa kI anubhUti karAne hetu vividha apekSAoM se ina bhAvanAoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| azuci bhAvanA ke antargata granthakAra ne deha ke rasa, rakta, mAMsa, meda, asthi, majjA, zukra, Antra evaM viSThA Adi se yukta deha ke jaghanya svarUpa kA vivecana kiyA hai| jo zarIra bAhara se sundara rUpa vAlA aura manojJa pratIta hotA hai, usakI vAstavika sthiti bar3I ghRNAspada hai| aise apAvana, apavitra, azuci deha meM zucitA, sundaratA kI kalpanA mAtra eka viDambanA hai| 8 daihika sukha, sajjA, zobhA Adi ke moha meM vimUr3ha bane mAnava ko vAstavikatA kA darzana karAkara zuddha AtmasvarUpa kI ora mor3ane kA bar3A tIvra bhAva isa bhAvanA meM sannihita hai| isakI anubhUti karane se mAnava ko yaha sahaja hI hRdayaMgama ho jAtA hai ki samagra bAhya AkarSaNa kevala ina azuci padArthoM para lage hue carma ke AvaraNa ke kAraNa hai| aisA bhAva jaba jAgRta hotA hai to dhyAna sAdhanA meM bAdhA upasthita karane vAle sabhI SHAILANNELRABHARE - 17. vahI, 4.70-71 18. vahI, 4.72-73 ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~ ~~- 13

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama pariSaha vinaSTa ho jAte haiM aura sAdhaka kA dhyAna-upakrama abhagna rahatA hai| :5835279 writte 7. Asrava bhAvanA: navatattvoM meM Asrava eka tattva hai jo sarovara meM jala lAne vAle nAloM ke samAna AtmA meM karmoM kA AsravaNa karatA hai| karma pravAha rUpa haiN| zubha-azubha, mAnasikavAcika-kAyika yogoM dvArA karmoM kA bandha hotA hai| mAnasika Adi yoga jaba zubha pravRttiyoM se jur3ate haiM to zubha karmoM kA bandha karate haiN| AsravoM ke kAraNa hI jIva vibhinna prakAra ke karmoM kA bandha karatA huA bhavATavI meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| AtmA ko apanA carama lakSya sAdhane hetu azubha-zubha sabhI karmoM se vimukta honA hogaa| yadyapi unase vimukta hone kI kramika zreNiyA~ haiM kintu antata: una sabakA kSaya karanA hI hogaa| inhIM bhAvoM kA granthakAra ne apane zabdoM meM vizleSaNa kiyA hai|19 Asrava bhAvanA ke cintana se sAdhaka ke mana meM karmanirmukta AtmasvarUpa ko adhigata karane kA bhAva niSpanna hotA hai, jo AdhyAtmika yoga kI sAdhanA meM dhyAna meM usakI antarvRtti ko samAviSTa karatA hai| 8. saMvara bhAvanA: saMvara Asrava kA viparIta rUpa hai| AsravoM ke vividha rUpoM kA jina-jina upAyoM se saMvaraNa yA avarodha kiyA jAtA hai, unakI saMvara saMjJA hai| Asrava ko karmanirodha kA kAraNa batalAyA gayA hai| isI Azaya ko granthakAra ne vistAra ke sAtha yahA~ pratipAdita kiyA hai|20 saMvara bhAvanA ke puna:puna: parizIlana se citta meM karmapravAha kA nirodha karane kA parAkrama samudita hotA rahatA hai| karmabandhamUlaka bhautika sukhAnubhUti kA bhAva chUTatA jAtA hai| aisA hone para cittavRtti antarAtma bhAva kI ora mur3ane lagatI hai jo usake uttaravartI AtmaprakarSa kI dyotaka hai| yaha Atma-prakarSa hI dhyAnasAdhanA kA abhipreta hai| 19. 20. vahI, 4.74-77 vahI, 4.79-85

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama US2 pra. nirjarA bhAvanA : saMvara jahA~ AtmapradezoM ke sAtha saMpRkta hone vAle karmANuoM kA nirodhaka hai, vahIM nirjarA tattva pUrvasaMcita karmapudgaloM kA nirjaraNa karane vAlA hai| yaha tapa:mUlaka hai| jaina saiddhAntika dRSTikoNa ke anusAra dhyAna nirjarA ke antargata eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa tattva hai jisa para jaina vAGmaya meM vividha rUpoM meM vivecana evaM vizleSaNa huA hai| granthakAra ne nirjarA bhAvanA kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| usake sakAma-akAma Adi svarUpoM kA tathA anazana, avamaudarya Adi bhedoM kA vizada vizleSaNa kiyA hai| bAhya aura abhyantara tapa ke rUpa meM usake sUkSma marma kA udghATana bhI kiyA hai| unhoMne anta meM likhA hai ki bAhya aura abhyantara tapa rUpa agni ke uddIpta hone para sAdhaka kaThinAI se kSINa kiye jAne yogya karmoM ko tatkAla jalA DAlatA hai, vidhvaMsa kara DAlatA hai|21 karmakSaya hI AtmA kA parama lakSya hai| To. dharma bhAvanA : dharma zabda bar3A hI vyApaka hai| sarvajJa vItarAga prabhu ne usakA samyak pratipAdana kiyA hai| jo jIvana meM usakA avalambana kara kriyAzIla rahatA hai, vaha saMsAra-sAgara meM nimajjita nahIM hotaa| vaha dharma saMyama, satya, zauca, zAnti, RjutA, mRdutA Adi ke rUpa meM bhalIbhA~ti vivecita huA hai| vaha kalpavRkSa tathA cintAmaNi Adi kI jyoM manovAMchita phala pradAna karatA hai, jo sAdhaka ke lie AtmakalyANa rUpa hai| granthakAra ne isa Azaya kA bar3e hI sundara rUpa meM vivecana kiyA hai|22 dharma hI ekamAtra vaha mUla tattva hai jise jIvana meM kriyAnvita karanA sAdhaka kA parama lakSya hai| tapa,yoga dhyAna Adi usI kriyAnviti ke vividha rUpa haiN| dharma ke nAma se tathAkathita vaividhyapUrNa rUpa meM sAdhaka vibhrAnta na ho jAe isa hetu isa bhAvanA meM usake mana meM yaha jamAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai ki vaha dharma ke usa zuddha svarUpa ko AtmasAt kare jo Apta, sarvajJa-sarvadarzI vItarAga deva dvArA vidhi-niSedha Adi vidhAoM ke sAtha samIcIna rUpa meM vyAkhyAta huA hai| yaha bhAvAnucintana sAdhaka ke 21. vahI, 4.86-91 22. vahI, 4.92-102

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama anta:karaNa meM dharma kI vizuddha bhUmikA ko saMpratiSTha karatA hai| yahA~ AcArya haribhadra dvArA 'yogaviMzikA' meM udghATita-mokkheNa jogaNAo jogo savvo vi dhmmvaavaaro| parisaddho vinneo ThANAigao visesenn|| yaha tathya vizeSa rUpa se smaraNIya hai jisameM dharma kI yahI vizuddha pRSThabhUmi sannihita hai| 11. lokabhAvanA : granthakAra ne loka ke SaDdravyamaya svarUpa kA dravyArthika-paryAyArthika dRSTikoNa se vivecana kiyA hai| usake adha:, madhya, Urdhva svarUpa kA AkhyAna kiyA hai| sAthahI-sAtha loka ke anAdisiddhatva kI bhI carcA kI hai| 23 lokabhAvanA kA anuzIlana vyaktitva-bodha kI preraNA detA hai| 12. bodhidurlabha bhAvanA: jIvana meM samyak bodhi ko parama durlabha tattva batalAyA gayA hai| sAdhanA ke AdhyAtmika utkarSonmukha bIja kI vahI pavitra bhUmi hai| jisa prakAra urvara bhUmi ke abhAva meM utkRSTa bIja bhI prasphuTita nahIM hotA, pallavita, puSpita evaM phalita hone kI to bAta hI kahA~ ? yahI tathya samyak bodha ke sAtha jur3A huA hai| isakI parama durlabhatA kA anucintana sAdhaka ke mana meM samyak, pavitra bhAva ko sadaiva susthira banAye rakhatA hai, jisake kAraNa sAdhaka kabhI sanmArga ko chor3atA nhiiN| granthakAra ne isa bhAvanA para bar3e hI sundara rUpa meM prakAza DAlA hai|24 AcArya hemacandra dvArA kiye gaye dvAdaza bhAvanA ke isa varNana se spaSTa hai ki ve AdhyAtmika yoga kI sAdhanA meM dhyAna kI ArAdhanA ko kitanA mahattvapUrNa mAnate the| dhyAna kI poSaka cAra bhAvanAyeM : dhyAna viSayaka ukta vivecana ke anantara AcArya hemacandra ne dhyAna kI poSaka bhAvanAoM ke rUpa meM maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyasthya ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA vizeSa rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai| 23. vahI, 4.103-106 24. vahI, 4.107-110 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 16 ~~~~~~~~~~

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+ khaNDa : saptama pUrvavarNita dvAdaza bhAvanAyeM dhyAna kI pRSThabhUmi taiyAra karane kA mahattvapUrNa kArya karatI haiN| unake anuzIlana / parizIlana se dhyAna yogya manobhUmi kA niSpAdana hotA hai / jaba dhyAna rUpa pAdapa usa urvara manobhUmi para aMkurita ho jAtA hai to use poSita tathA saMvardhita karane meM maitrI Adi cAra bhAvanAyeM bar3A sahayoga karatI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki graMthakAra ne dvAdaza bhAvanA ke sAtha inakA ullekha karate hue dhyAna viSayaka upakrama ke antargata inheM upasthApita kiyA hai| unhoMne bar3e hI spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai ki dharma dhyAna kA upaskAra karane ke lie arthAt truTita dhyAna ko punaH jor3ane ke lie maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyasthya Adi cAra bhAvanAoM kA AtmA ke sAtha niyojana karanA cAhie / jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama unhoMne likhA hai ki ye bhAvanAyeM uttama rasAyana haiM, divya auSadhi haiM jo dhyAna ko paripuSTa banAtI haiM / 25 saMsAra kA koI bhI prANI pApapUrNa AcaraNa na kare, duHkhita na bane, samasta prANI duHkhoM se vimukta ho jAyeM, chUTa jAyeM, yahI maitrI bhAvanA kA svarUpa haiN| 26 maitrI ke antargata granthakAra ne kisI bhI prANI ke pApiSTha na banane kI jo bAta kahI hai vaha sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa hai| jaina aura bauddha vAGmaya meM una puruSoM ko kalyANamitra kahA gayA hai jo auroM ko pApakAryoM se bacane aura dharmakArya meM lagane kI preraNA dete haiN| mitra hitakAMkSI hote haiN| kisI ko pApoM se bacAnA aura puNyoM se jor3anA athavA tadartha prerita karanA atyanta ujjvala mitra bhAva hai, isakI tulanA meM kisI prANI ke duHkhita hone na hone kI bAta to gauNa ho jAtI hai / - pramoda bhAvanA meM unhoMne prerita kiyA hai ki sAdhaka tyAga, saMyama, sAdhanA evaM tapazcaraNa ke dhanI mahApuruSoM evaM jJAnIjanoM ke uttamottama guNI jIvana ko dekhakara mana meM Anandita hokara unakA Adara kare 127 prANiyoM ke duHkha ko dUra karane kI preraNA dete hue kAruNya bhAvanA kA ullekha 25. vahI, 4.117 26. ast, 4.118 27. vahI, 4.119 17

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama kiyA hai tathA krUra-karmA janoM ke prati upekSA bhAva rakhane ke rUpa meM mAdhyasthya bhAvanA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai|28 anta meM, puna: isa bAta ko doharAyA hai ki ina bhAvanAoM dvArA AtmabhAvita hotA huA gatimAna sAdhaka TUTe hue vizuddha pravAha ko puna: prApta kara letA hai|29 AcArya haribhadra ne 'Sor3azaka prakaraNa' meM maitryAdi bhAvanAoM kA svarUpa batAte hue kahA hai ki anya prANiyoM ke hita kA vicAra maitrI hai, anya prANiyoM ke du:kha ko dUra karanA karuNA hai, anya prANiyoM ke sukha meM prasannatA muditA tathA dUsaroM ke avinaya Adi doSoM kA pratikAra karane meM udAsInatA upekSA hai|30 maharSi pataMjali ne 'yogasUtra' ke samAdhipAda meM samAdhi ke anurUpa caitasika sthiti ke nirmANa hetu aneka viSayoM kA, sAdhanoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| unhoMne cittavRttiyoM ke nirodha ke lie tattvAbhyAsa kA pratipAdana karane ke pazcAt, citta-prasAdana kA varNana kiyA hai| caitasika prasannatA, nirmalatA, yogAbhyAsa ke prati ullAsamaya manovRtti Adi ke lie maitrI, karuNA, muditA aura upekSA ko svIkAra karane kA ullekha kiyA hai| ye cAroM pUrvokta maitrI Adi bhAvanAoM ke samakakSa haiM, maitrI zabda kA donoM hI sthAnoM para upayoga huA hai| pramoda ke sthAna para sUtrakAra ne muditA likhA hai| pramoda aura muditA meM arthasAmya hai| isI prakAra upekSA, taTasthatA yA madhyasthatA yA mAdhyasthya bhAva eka hI Azaya ke dyotaka haiN| pataMjali ke anusAra ina cAroM ko svIkAra karane se sAdhaka kA mana nirvivAda, prasanna aura yoga-sAdhanA meM samullasita rahatA hai jisase samAdhirUpa paramalakSya kI dizA meM gatizIla sAdhaka ke mArga meM avarodha utpanna nahIM hotA hai|31 cAra brahma vihAra : bauddha dharma meM upasamAnussatti ke rUpa meM caturvidha brahma vihAra kA vivecana 28. vahI, 4.120-121 29. vahI, 4.122 30. Sor3azaka prakaraNa 4.15 patra saM. 23, 24 31. yogasUtra 1.33 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 18 ~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna' kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama huA hai jisameM mettA (maitrI), karuNA, muditA tathA upekkhA (upekSA) kA samAveza hai|32 inake anubhAvana se upazama rUpa nirvANa para dhyAna susthira hotA hai| inako brahmavihAra isalie kahA gayA hai kyoMki ina bhAvanAoM ke abhyAsa kA phala brahma-loka meM janma lenA tathA vahA~ ko Anandamaya vastuoM kA upabhoga karanA hai| yahA~ mukhya rUpa se abhidheya yaha hai ki brahmavihAra saMjJaka ye cAroM bhAvanAyeM dhyAnAtmaka ekAgratA meM sahAyaka haiN| bauddha dharma meM ina bhAvanAoM ke dvArA citta ko samAhita karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| mettA-maitrI bhAvanA prathamata: apane hI Upara kI jAnI caahie| sabase pahale apane kalyANa kI bhAvanA rakhanA apekSita hai| tadanantara apane gurujana tathA anya sambandhiyoM ke hita kalyANa kA anucintana kiyA jAnA caahie| tatpazcAt apane zatruoM para bhI maitrI bhAvanA rakhanI caahie| vahA~ sva aura para kA sImAviccheda karanA nitAnta Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| duHkhita prANiyoM ke prati karuNA, puNyAtmAoM ke prati muditA tathA apuNyAtmAoM ke prati upekSA kA bhAva rakhA jAnA caahie| uparyukta cAroM bhAvanAoM para jaina, bauddha tathA pAtaMjala yoga tInoM kA vivecana bhAvAtmaka dRSTi se lagabhaga eka jaisA hai| tInoM hI ne inake mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA hai| itanA avazya hai ki bauddha dharma meM svakalyANa, sambaddha kalyANa tathA zatruvRnda ke kalyANa kI bhAvanA ke rUpa meM maitrI kI tIna zreNiyA~ nirUpita kI haiN| jainadharma aura pAtaMjala yoga meM vaisA nahIM hai| vahA~ sabhI ko eka zreNI meM liyA gayA hai| sAdhaka kA mana itanA nirmala ho jAtA hai ki vahA~ apane-parAye kA bheda hI nahIM rhtaa| anta:karaNa prANI mAtra ke prati mitra bhAva se mudita rahatA hai - sarve bhavantu sukhinaH, sarve santu niraamyaaH|| sarve bhadrANi pazyantu, mA kazcid duHkhabhAg bhavet // isI prakAra 32. visuddhimagNa pariccheda 9 pR. 200-201 33. bauddha darzana mImAMsA pR. 342

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama sattveSu maitrI guNiSu pramoda, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpaaprtvm| mAdhyasthyabhAvaM viparItavRttau sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu deva !34 bhAvanAoM para aneka jaina AcAryoM, santoM, cintakoM aura manISiyoM ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai| bhAvanAoM ke mahattva ko AtmasAt karane hetu ise 'bhAvanAyoga' kahA gayA hai| aisA kahane kA abhiprAya yahI hai ki adhyAtma yoga ke sAtha sAdhaka ko jor3ane meM bhAvanAoM kA cintana, anucintana, manana, nididhyAsana bar3A hI upayogI hai| bhAvanAoM para racita sAhitya meM upAdhyAya vinayavijaya dvArA saMskRta meM racita 'zAnta sudhArasa bhAvanA' nAmaka grantha kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| unhoMne isameM dvAdaza bhAvanAoM tathA maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyasthya cAra bhAvanAoM kA isa prakAra 16 bhAvanAoM kA bar3I hI sarasa evaM prasAda guNopapanna bhASA meM vivecana kiyA hai| unhoMne aneka chandoM ke atirikta vibhinna rAga-rAginiyoM meM bhAvanAoM kA lAlityapUrNa zailI meM itanA sundara nirUpaNa kiyA hai ki bhAvapUrvaka par3hane vAle, gAne vAle pAThaka Atmavibhora ho uThate haiN| upAdhyAya vinayavijaya dvArA vi.saM. 1723 meM isa grantha kI racanA kI gyii| isake adhyayana se pratIta hotA hai ki granthakAra ke hRdaya meM vairAgya, titikSA aura AtmasAdhanA ke bhAvoM kI triveNI mAnoM chalachalA rahI ho| bhAvanAoM kA adhyAtma, nirveda aura zAntipradAyaka yoga ke sAtha kitanA ghaniSTha sambandha hai isakA bar3e sundara zabdoM meM vivecana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai sphurati cetasi bhAvanayA binA, na viduSAmapi shaantisudhaaraasH| na ca sukhaM kRzamapyamunA binA, jagati mohvissaadvissaa''kule|| bhAvanAoM ke parizIlana ke binA vijJajanoM ke citta meM bhI zAnti kA amRtamaya rasa saMsphurita nahIM ho paataa| moha aura viSAda ke viSa se vyApta jagat meM usake binA koI jarA bhI AdhyAtmika sukha kA anubhava nahIM kara sktaa| isI bAta ko unhoMne Age aura adhika preraka zabdoM meM upasthApita karate hue kahA hai yadi bhavabhramakhedaparAGmukhaM, yadi ca cittmnntsukhonmukhm| zRNuta tat sudhiyaH ! zubhabhAvanAmRtarasaM mama shaantsudhaarsm|| 34. paramAtma dvAtriMzikA 1 35. zAntasudhArasa bhAvanA zloka 2, pR. 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 20 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama he sudhIjana ! yadi ApakA citta bhavabhramaNajanita kheda se khedita hai, du:khoM se parAGmukha arthAt unase chUTanA cAhatA hai, yadi vaha ananta sukhoM kI ora unmukha hai, ananta, aparimita, AdhyAtmika sukha prApta karanA cAhatA hai to uttama bhAvanAoM ke amRta rasa se paripUrNa mere zAntasudhArasa nAmaka grantha kA zravaNa, cintana, anuzIlana aura manana kro|36 pratyeka bhAvanA para pahale unhoMne saMskRta ke chandoM meM vivecana kiyA hai tathA phira vibhinna rAga-rAginiyoM meM geyarUpa meM una bhAvoM ko bar3e hI madhura evaM AkarSaka rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA hai| nirjarA bhAvanA ke antargata unhoMne prAyazcitta, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, vinaya, kAyotsarga evaM dhyAna kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai zamayati tApaM, gamayati pApaM, ramayati maanshNsm| harati vimohaM dUrArohaM tapa iti vigtaa''shNsm|| he cetana ! yaha Antarika tapa ArAdhita kiye jAne para prANiyoM ke Adhibhautika, Adhidaivika evaM AdhyAtmika paritApoM, du:khoM kA vidhvaMsa kara DAlatA hai| janma-janmAntara se saMcita pApoM ko vicchinna kara DAlatA hai| mana rUpI mAnasarovara meM AtmA rUpI haMsa ko ramaNa karAtA hai| mana ko AdhyAtmika Ananda se ApUrita kara detA hai| jisako miTA pAnA bahuta kaThina hai aise moha ko bhI vinaSTa kara DAlatA hai|7 caitasika nirmalatA, pavitratA aura vizuddhatA ko niSpanna karane meM bhAvanAoM kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| citta-pramArjana ke binA dhyAna siddha honA saMbhava nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vibhinna AcAryoM aura granthakAroM ne jahA~ adhyAtma yoga yA AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA vivecana kiyA hai vahA~ unhoMne kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM bhAvanAoM kA bhI apane vivecana meM samAveza kiyA hai| bhAvanAoM ke abhyAsa se saMsphurita, prerita citta bhUmi meM dhyAna rUpI amRta kA bIja yadi boyA jAya to vaha bar3e hI bhavya, saumya rUpa meM aMkurita, vikasita, pallavita, puSpita tathA suphalita hotA hai| 36. vahI, zloka 3 pR. 2 37. vahI, zloka 6 pR. 49 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 21 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama ARREARSARAN dhyAna ke yogya sthAna : * dhyAna kA sambandha mukhyata: AtmA ke sAtha hai| vaha antarjIvana kA viSaya hai| jaba sAdhaka meM AtmasthatA kA bhAva paripuSTa ho jAtA hai, rAgAtmaka vRtti parikSINa hone lagatI hai to usake lie sthAna Adi bAhya viSaya gauNa ho jAte haiN| vaha jisa prakAra ekAnta sthAna meM dhyAnastha rahatA hai usI prakAra kolAhalapUrNa sthAna meM bhI apane dhyAna ko sahaja hI avicchinna rakha pAne meM sakSama hotA hai| kahA bhI hai - "nirvRttarAgasya gRhaM tpovnm|" jisakA rAga miTa gayA hai, nivRtta ho gayA hai, usake lie ghara hI tapovana hai kintu jinakA abhyAsa prArambhika avasthA meM hotA hai, aparipakva hotA hai, unake lie sthAna Adi bAhya nimittoM kI apanI upayogitA hai| jo dhyAna sAdhanA ke prArambhika rUpa meM pravRtta hote haiM unake lie vaisI bAhya sthitiyoM kA honA apekSita hai, jahA~ unake abhyAsa meM bAdhA AnA AzaMkita na ho| yadyapi jahA~ dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha sthAna abhyAsI ko kucha de nahIM pAtA kintu sthAna kI sAdhanA ke anukUla-pratikUla avasthiti ke kAraNa sAdhaka ke mana para preraka yA bAdhaka prabhAva to par3atA hI hai| isalie AcArya hemacandra ne dhyAna ke lie upayogI sthAnoM kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai-vaha dhyAnayogI sAdhaka jo AsanoM ko siddha kara cukA ho, dhyAna ke lie aise sthAna kA cayana kare jo tIrthaMkaroM ke janma, dIkSA, kaivalya yA nirvANa bhUmi Adi aitihAsika sthala hoN| dhyAna ke siddha hone meM vahA~ mAnasika anukUlatA rahanA saMbhAvita hai| yadi vaisA saMbhava na ho to vaha vivikta ekAnta sthAna ko Azrita kara dhyAna kA abhyAsa kre|38 AcArya ne apanI svopajJa TIkA meM ekAnta sthAna ke viSaya meM vizeSa rUpa se yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki vaha sthAna yuvatI, napuMsaka, kuzIla manuSya Adi ke saMsarga se rahita ho|39 aisA ullekha karane kA Azaya yaha hai ki jinakA abhyAsa aparipakva hotA hai, vaise sAdhakoM ke lie vahA~ vicalita hone kI AzaMkA banI rahatI hai| 38. yogazAstra, 4.123 pR. 146 39. yogazAstra svopajJa vyAkhyA evaM hindI anuvAda sahita, pR. 510 -~~~~~~~~~~~~mami 22 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama mAnava eka bhAvanApravaNa prANI hai ataeva bAhya padArtha, vastue~, sthAna Adi jinake sAtha aitihAsika garimA jur3I rahatI hai, bhAvodvelana kI dRSTi se apanA mahattva rakhate haiN| yadyapi ye jar3a haiM, inameM svayaM preraNAtmaka kartRtva nahIM hai kintu inase sAdhaka prerita ho sakatA hai| hara kisI kA jIvana vartamAna ke sAtha-sAtha atIta aura bhaviSya ke sAtha bhI jur3A rahatA hai| atIta ko smaraNa kara vaha anta:prerita hotA hai| bhaviSya kI pavitra kalpanAyeM usake vartamAna meM sAttvikatA kA samAyojana karatI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki ve sthAna jo tIrthaMkara Adi mahApuruSoM ke jIvanavRttoM se sambaddha rahe haiM, AdhyAtmika gauravamaya itihAsa kA smaraNa karAte haiM jisase sAdhaka dhyAnonmukha ho aMta:preraNA pAtA rahatA hai| yadi vaise aitihAsika sthAna bhI atyadhika saMkula yA kolAhalapUrNa hoM to ve bhI svIkArya nahIM haiN| isalie granthakAra ne isI zloka meM vivikta-ekAnta sthAna kA vizeSa rUpa se Azraya lene kA saMketa kiyA hai| dhyAnasAdhanA meM unakA kyA sthAna hai, yaha bhI batalAyA gayA hai| Asana : granthakAra ne dhyAna ke sambandha meM saMketa karate hue Asanajaya zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| vaha bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai| yadyapi dhyAna citta kI ekAgratA ke sAtha jur3A huA hai kintu usameM daihika samIcInatA bhI apekSita hai| Asana daihika samIcInatA ke vaijJAnika upakrama haiN| Asana vizeSa meM sthita hone se deha kI nirAkula prazAnta avasthiti dhyAna ke vikAsa meM sahayoga karatI hai| ___ yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki Asana sAdhya nahIM hai varan dhyAna-rUpa sAdhya kA sahayogI hai| isalie aise hI AsanoM kA dhyAna meM prayoga karanA cAhie jo tanAva yA kliSTatA utpanna na kareM, sahajatA aura sukhamayatA liye hoN| bhArata meM eka samaya aisA AyA jaba haThayoga meM Asana Adi yoga ke bAhya aMgoM ko atyadhika mahattva diyA gyaa| AsanoM kI saMkhyA caurAsI se caurAsI lAkha taka bar3ha gayI / yoM kahA gayA ki caurAsI lAkha jIvayoniyoM meM jitanI sthita hone kI avasthAyeM haiM utane hI Asana vidheya haiN|40 40. gheraNDasaMhitA 2-1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 23 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama AcArya zubhacandra dvArA AsanoM ke sambandha meM kiye gaye vivecana ke prArambha meM AsanoM kI upayogitA, grAhyatA Adi ke viSaya meM carcA kI gaI hai| AcArya hemacandra ne bhI dhyAnopayogI AsanoM kA saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA hai| unhoMne AsanoM ke antargata paryaMkAsana, vIrAsana, padmAsana, bhadrAsana, daMDAsana, utkaTikAsana, godohikAsana, kAyotsargAsana Adi AsanoM kA nirdeza diyA hai|41 gheraNDa saMhitA meM mukhya rUpa se battIsa AsanoM ko ati viziSTa upayogI batalAyA hai jinameM siddhAsana, padmAsana, bhadrAsana, vajrAsana, svastikAsana, siMhAsana, gomukhAsana, vIrAsana Adi mukhya haiN|42 . 'haThayoga pradIpikA' meM AsanoM ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki vaziSTha Adi muniyoM tathA matsyendra Adi yogiyoM ne jina AsanoM ko aMgIkRta kiyA hai unameM se kucha kA yahA~ ullekha kiyA jAtA hai|43 uparyukta katipaya AsanoM ke atirikta vahA~ svastikAsana, vIrAsana, kukkuTAsana, zavAsana Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai|44 tatpazcAt kahA gayA hai ki samasta AsanoM meM siddhAsana, padmAsana, siMhAsana aura bhadrAsana ye cAra atyanta zreSTha haiN| ina cAroM meM bhI siMhAsana sarvottama hai| yogI usameM sukhapUrvaka sthita ho sakatA hai|45 . maharSi pataMjali ne 'yogasUtra' meM Asana kA lakSaNa batalAte hue likhA haijisa rUpa meM sthita honA sAdhaka ke lie sthiratAprada aura sukhaprada ho, vaha Asana hai| dUsarA Azaya yaha hai ki jisameM sukhapUrvaka sthiratA se TikA jA sake, baiThA jA sake, vaha Asana hai| granthakAra ne bhI kahA hai ki jisa Asana se citta kI sthiratA, kAyA kI sthiratA, kaSTasahiSNutA tathA dehajar3atA nivAraNa hone se dhyAna meM sthiratA hotI hai, usI Asana kA dhyAna ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM prayoga karanA caahie|46 41. yogazAstra 4.124-133 42. gheraNDa saMhitA, 2.2 43. haThayogapradIpikA, 20 44. vahI, 1.21-35 45. vahI, 1.36 46. yogazAstra, 4.134 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~~~~ 24

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama prAcIna jaina paramparA meM Asana kI jagaha sthAna kA prayoga huA hai| ogha niyukti bhASya meM sthAna ke tIna prakAra batalAye gaye haiM:- (1) UrdhvasthAna (2) niSIdana sthAna (3) shyn-sthaan|47 sthAna kA artha gati kI nivRtti arthAt sthira rahanA hai| Asana kA zAbdika artha hai baiThanA, para ve Asana khar3e, baiThe, sote tInoM avasthAoM meM kiye jAte haiN| kucha Asana khar3e hokara karane ke haiM, kucha baiThe hue aura kucha soye hue karane ke haiN| isa dRSTi se Asana zabda kI apekSA sthAna zabda adhika artha-sUcaka hai| dhyAna kI vidhi: hemacandra ke anusAra sabase pahale dhyAnodyata sAdhaka daihika anukUlatA ko dekhate hue aise Asana meM sthita ho jisameM vaha dIrghakAla taka baiThA raha ske| tanAva Adi se janita vicalana utpanna na ho| usakA mu~ha banda ho| donoM hoTha paraspara mile hoN| vaha apane donoM netroM ko nAsikA ke agrabhAga para kendrita rakhe, TikAye rkhe| usake dA~toM kI aisI sthiti ho ki UparI dA~ta nIce ke dA~toM kA saMsparza na kreN| kyoMki paraspara saMspRSTa dA~ta mukha meM tanAva utpanna karate haiN| hRdaya meM vaha sAdhanoM ke prati atyanta utsAha liye rahe tAki mukha para prasannatA khilI rhe| vaha pUrva yA uttara dizA kI ora apanA mukha kiye rhe| mana meM jarA bhI pramAda yA asAvadhAnI na aaye| isa ora jAgarUka banA rhe| usakA zarIra susaMsthita ho| merudaNDa ko sIdhA kiye hae vaha baitthe| isa prakAra jo dhyAna meM saMlagna hotA hai vaha dhyAtA kI yathArtha bhUmikA prApta karatA hai|48 prANAyAma: prANAyAma aSTAMga yoga kA cauthA aMga hai jisakA sambandha zvAsa-prazvAsa ke niyamana, niyaMtraNa, samyak vyavasthApana se hai| yogAMgoM kI paramparA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue apane 'yogazAstra' ke paMcama prakAza meM prANAyAma kA vibhinna apekSAoM se varNana kiyA hai| unhoMne prArambha meM likhA hai ki kinhIM yogAcAryoM ne dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie prANAyAma kA Azraya liyA hai| use upayogI batAyA hai kyoMki usake binA mana 47. oghaniyukti bhASya 152 48. yogazAstra 4.135-136 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwws 25 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama A aura ko jItA nahIM jA sakatA / 19 prANavAyu mana aura prANavAyu kA sambandha batalAte hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki jahA~ mana hai vahIM vAyu hai, jahA~ vAyu hai, vahA~ mana hai| ye donoM samAna kriyAyukta haiN| dUdha aura jala kI jyoM paraspara mile hue haiM, eka ke naSTa hone para anya kA nAza ho jAtA hai| eka vartanazIla rahane para anya kI vartanazIlatA banI rahatI hai| jaba ina donoM kA dhvaMsa ho jAtA hai taba indriya aura buddhi viSayaka vyApAra kA bhI nAza ho jAtA hai / " 50 jaisA Upara saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki prANavAyu deha meM anavarata gatizIla rahane vAlA sahaja upakrama hai / mana bhI pratikSaNa kriyAzIla rahatA hai| idhara-udhara jAnA-AnA isakA svabhAva hai| mana kI gatizIlatA sUkSma hai, prANavAyu kI gamanAgamana vRtti sthUla hai| sthUla aura sUkSma kA bheda hote hue bhI zarIra ke anya aMgopAMgoM-indriyoM kI apekSA mana kA prANavAyu ke sAtha adhika tAdAtmya hai| ataeva yahA~ donoM kA nikaTatama sambandha batalAyA gayA hai / prANavAyu ke niyamana kA abhyAsa sudRr3hatA pA letA hai| taba yadi usa abhyAsa ko mana ke sAtha jor3A jAtA hai to vaha use bhI niyaMtrita karane meM saphala ho sakatA hai, aisA saMbhAvita hai| prANAyAma kA lakSaNa batalAte hue granthakAra ne zvAsa aura prazvAsa ke gaticcheda yA nirodha ko prANAyAma kahA hai| recaka - pUraka aura kumbhaka ke rUpa meM tIna bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| 51 isake pazcAt granthakAra ne anya AcAryoM dvArA svIkRta pratyAhAra, zAnta, uttara tathA adhara saMjJaka cAra bhedoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai / yoM recaka Adi tIna bhedoM ko milAkara prANAyAma ke sAta bheda bhI kahe haiM / 52 granthakAra AcArya hemacandra ne prANAyAma kI upayogitA vyAdhinivRtti, dehapuSTi, zArIrika bala - teja kI vRddhi, vAta pitta kapha tathA sannipAta kI zAnti Adi ke lie batalAyI hai| dhyAna ke sAtha usakA koI sIdhA sambandha ho aisA pratIta nahIM hotA / 49. vahI, 5.1 50. vahI, 5.2-3 51. vahI, 5.4 52. vahI, 5.5 26

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama itanA avazya hai ki jaba zArIrika vyAdhi-doSa apagata ho jAte haiM zarIra svastha hotA hai, mana prasanna hotA hai to dhyAnamUlaka sAdhanA meM agrasara hone meM anukUlatA aura suvidhA hotI hai| prANavAyuvijaya ke sandarbha meM granthakAra ne usake bheda-prabheda, unake svarUpa, varNa Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai| prANAyAma kA bahuvidha vivecana, bhautika vaiziSTya yA camatkArotpAdaka pariNAma ityAdi kA vistAra se varNana kara AcArya hemacandra ne AdhyAtmika dRSTi se prANAyAma kI upAdeyatA ko asvIkAra karate hue kahA hai:- prANAyAma se pIr3itaudvejita mana svastha, Atmastha nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki prANavAyu kA nigraha karane se zarIra meM pIr3A utpanna hotI hai, vaisA hone se mana meM caMcalatA kA udbhava hotA haipUraka, kuMbhaka, recaka ke abhyAsa meM bar3A parizrama karanA par3atA hai vaisA karane se citta meM saMkleza utpanna hotA hai, citta kI saMkliSTatAvasthA mokSa meM vighna hai|53 . AcArya hemacandra kA yaha kathana vizeSata: una sAdhakoM para lAgU hotA hai jo prANAyAma ko hI saba kucha mAnakara use hI apane parama lakSya kA hetu samajhate haiN| jaisA ki katipaya haThayogI karate rahe haiM aura karate haiN| prANAyAma ke uttaragAmI yogAMga pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna kI samAdhi kI dizA meM unakI gati agrasara nahIM hotI, kyoMki ve prANAyAma meM hI ulajhe rahate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki prANAyAma ko mokSa kI dRSTi se AcArya hemacandra ne anupayogI kahA hai| kintu prANavAyu ke niyamana kI dRSTi se usakA saMtulita susImita prayoga dehazuddhi, vAyu-zuddhi meM upayogI hotA hai| isalie vaha sarvathA nirarthaka nahIM hai| AcArya kA yahA~ aisA bhAva hai ki Atyantika rUpa meM jaba usako svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai taba usakI upayogitA miTa jAtI hai aura dhyAnAdi kI UrdhvagAmitA meM vaha bAdhaka jaisA bana jAtA hai| yadi prANAyAma sarvathA anupayogI aura vighnakAraka hI hotA to AcArya zubhacandra tathA svayaM hemacandra vistAra pUrvaka usakA apane granthoM meM samAyojana hI kyoM krte| 53. vahI, 6.4-5 ~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~ ~- 27 ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama kisI bhI granthakAra yA cintaka ke vicAroM kI parakha kevala bAhya rUpa meM hI na kI jAkara apekSita dRSTi se usakA antarvIkSaNa kiyA jAnA Avazyaka hai| AcArya hemacandra ke sUkSma hArda kA saMsparza karane se upayukta tathya prakaTa hotA hai| prANAyAma kA eka abhinava AdhyAtmika rUpa bhI jaina manISiyoM ne upasthApita kiyA hai| unhoMne kahA hai ki parabhAvoM kA Atmavyatireka, anya bhAvoM kA recana, bahirniSkAsana, AtmabhAvoM kA pUraNa apane Apa meM samAvezana tathA unakA antarAtmA meM saMsthApana TikAva AdhyAtmika prANAyAma hai jo sAdhaka ko bahirAtma bhAva se antarAtma bhAva kI ora le jAtA huA Age paramAtma bhAva meM tanmaya karane kA upakrama hai| prANavAyu ke siddha ho jAne para vividha rUpa meM kAla jJAna kI carcA kI hai| usakA adhyAtmayoga se yadyapi koI sIdhA sambandha nahIM hai kintu aisA pratIta hotA hai ki bAhya siddhimUlaka vidhikrama AcArya hemacandra ke samaya meM vizeSa rUpa se pracali the| logoM para unakA prabhAva thA isalie unhoMne bhI ina viSayoM kA grantha meM samAveza kiyA hai| nAr3I zuddhi kA bhI unhoMne varNana kiyA hai, usakI vidhi kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| 54 nAr3I zuddhi kA sambandha mukhyataH haThayoga ke sAtha hai| unake samaya meM nAtha sampradAya Adi meM haThayoga kA vizeSa pracalana thA / gheraNDa saMhitA meM kahA gayA hai ki nAr3I zuddhi kA samAsAdana kara yogI prANAyAma kA abhyAsa kareM / 55 yoga ke kSetra meM anekAneka yogasiddhiyoM meM parakAyapraveza kA bhI varNana prApta hotA hai| isa sambandha meM eka suprasiddha ghaTanA kA ullekha milatA hai| 'zaMkara digvijaya' Adi granthoM ke anusAra Adi zaMkarAcArya ke sAtha zAstrArtha meM jaba maNDanamizra jo mahAn mImAMsaka the, parAjita ho gaye taba maNDanamizra kI patnI bhAratI, jo apane yuga kI prakhyAta viduSI thI, ke sAtha AcArya zaMkara kA zAstrArtha zurU huA / zAstrArthoM meM usa samaya hone vAle viSayoM kA sImAkaraNa nahIM hotA thA / jisa kisI 54. vahI, 5.255-260 55. gheraNDa saMhitA zloka 5.32 28

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama viSaya para prazna kiye jA sakate the| jaba bhAratI AcArya zaMkara ke sAtha zAstrArtha meM Tika nahIM sakI to usane unase "kalA kiyatyo vada puSpadhanvanaH" ina zabdoM meM kAmazAstra para prazna kiyaa| AcArya zaMkara naiSThika brahmacArI the| unhoMne kAma zAstra kA adhyayana kiyA hI nahIM thA / zaMkara ne bhAratI se eka mAsa kA samaya maaNgaa| unhoMne ekAnta meM 'jAkara apane ziSyoM se kahA- " maiM isa deha kA tyAga kara rahA hU~, tuma loga isakI rakSA karanA / yoM kahakara unhoMne usI samaya anyatra mRta rAjA kI deha meM praveza kiyA ! rAjA jIvita ho uThA, eka mAsa taka rAjA kI deha se unhoMne kAmazAstra kA parizIlana kiyaa| tatpazcAt usa deha kA tyAga kara punaH apanI deha meM praveza kiyA / yoM vaha rAjA mara gyaa| zaMkara saMjIva ho utthe| phira unhoMne bhAratI ko zAstrArtha meM parAjita kiyA / khaNDa : saptama * sambhava hai, isa prakAra kI anya bhI ghaTanAyeM ghaTita huI hoM / AcArya hemacandra jaina AcArya to the hI, ve mahAn yugapravartaka bhI the / isalie unhoMne una viSayoM ko bhI nahIM chor3A jo sAdhanA meM to upayogI nahIM haiM kintu kutUhalajanaka haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne yogazAstra ke chaThe prakAza meM parakAya praveza kA varNana kiyA hai| unhoMne isa adhyAya ke prArambha meM likhA hai ki yahA~ parakAya- praveza kI vidhi kA jo digdarzana karAyA gayA hai vaha kevala kautUhala yA Azcaryajanaka hai| usakA AdhyAtmika paramArtha se sambandha nahIM hai| bahuta samaya paryanta karane para vaha siddha ho bhI jAtI hai, nahIM bhI hotI hai| 56 pratyAhAra : prazAnta buddhi vAlA sAdhaka indriyoM ke sAtha mana ko bhI zabda, rUpa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza ina pA~coM viSayoM se haTAkara use dharmadhyAna ke cintana meM lagAne kA prayatna kare / 57 isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba taka indriyA~ aura mana viSayoM se virata nahIM ho jAte, taba taka mana meM zAnti kA prAdurbhAva nahIM hotA / ataH mana ko prazAnta ne ke lie use viSayoM kI ora se haTAnA Avazyaka hai / prazAnta mana hI nizcala ho sakatA hai aura dharmadhyAna lie mana kA nizcala honA Avazyaka hai / ataeva 56. yogazAstra zloka 6-1 57. vahI, 6.6 29

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama mana ko bAhya evaM abhyantara indriyoM se alaga kara denA hI pratyAhAra kahA gayA hai| dhAraNA: nAbhi, hRdaya, nAsikA kA agrabhAga, kapAla, bhRkuTi, tAlu, netra, mukha, kAna aura mastaka ye dhyAna karane ke lie dhAraNA ke sthAna haiM arthAt ina sthAnoM meM se kisI bhI eka sthAna para citta ko sthira karanA caahie| citta ko sthira karanA hI dhAraNA hai|58 dhyAna ke lie vacana aura kAya ke sAtha mana ko ekAgra karanA anivArya hai ata: dhyAna-Atmacintana karate samaya yaha Avazyaka hai ki mana ko eka padArtha ke cintana meM sthira kiyA jaae| vastuta: dhyAna mana ko eka sthAna para ekAgra karane, rakhane kI sAdhanA hai| dhAraNA kA phala : uparyukta sthAnoM meM se kisI bhI eka sthAna para lambe samaya taka mana ko sthApita karane se nizcaya hI svasaMvedana ke aneka prayAsa utpanna hote haiN| indriyoM ko aura mana ko viSayoM se khIMca lene ke pazcAt dhAraNA hotI hai| viSayavimukha mana ko nAsikAgra Adi sthAnoM para sImita karane para kucha aisA sAkSAtkAra hone lagatA hai, jo pahale kabhI anubhava meM na AyA ho| kintu unheM bhI indriyoM ke sUkSma viSaya mAnakara mana se bahiSkRta karane para apUrva zAnti kA anubhava hotA hai| isa prakAra bAhya aura Antarika viSayoM se virakta mana meM hI dhAraNA kI yogyatA AtI hai| dhAraNA kI yogyatA prApta ho jAne para yathArtha dhyAna sadha sakatA hai| EETari . dhyAna kA adhikArI: AcArya hemacandra ne dhyAna sAdhanA ke adhikArI ke saMbaMdha meM likhA hai ki jo dhyAna sAdhanA karanA cAhatA hai, use dhyAtA, dhyeya tathA usake phala ko bhI jAnanA caahie| dhyAtA-dhyAna karane vAle meM kaisI yogyatA honI cAhie? dhyeya-jisakA dhyAna 58. vahI, 6.7 59. vahI, 6.8 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : saptama 60 karanA hai, vaha vastu kaisI honI cAhie ! dhyAna- dhyAna ke kAraNoM kI samagratA arthAt sAmagrI kaisI ho kyoMki sAmagrI ke binA koI bhI kArya siddha nahIM hotA / " inake saMdarbha meM AtmalInatA, citta kI svasthatA, yatanA, jAgarUkatA, ekAntavAsa aura mauna rahane kA abhyAsa bhI Avazyaka hai kyoMki ye saba upakaraNa haiM jo dhyAnasiddhi meM sahAyaka banate haiN| dhyAna ke adhikArI kA vivecana karatehue granthakAra ne batalAyA hai ki jo prANanAza kI sthiti utpana ho jAne para bhI saMyama kI dhurI ke bhAra kA tyAga nahIM karatA, anyAnya sabhI prANiyoM ko Atmavat dekhatA hai, jo apane svarUpa se kabhI cyuta nahIM hotA, apane lakSya para aDiga rahatA hai, jo zaitya, uSmA, pavana Adi se janita pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM bhI kabhI khinna nahIM hotA; jo ajaratva, amaratva pradAyaka yogAmRta rUpa rasAyana kA pAna karane meM sadA icchuka banA rahatA hai, jo rAga-dveSa, moha Adi kAma- abhibhUta nahIM hotA; krodha, mAna Adi kaSAyoM se dUSita nahIM hotA, jo AtmasvarUpa meM apane mana ko ramAye rakhatA hai, laukika kArya karate hue bhI unameM lipta nahIM rahatA, -bhogoM se virata rahatA hai, apane deha ke prati bhI jisameM spRhA nahIM hotI, jo saMvedAtmaka sarovara meM samyak nimagna rahatA hai, zatru-mitra, svarNa - pASANa, nindA - stuti, mAna-apamAna Adi meM sarvadA samabhAva liye rahatA hai, rAjA aura raMka sabhI ke prati kalyANamayI bhAvanA apane mana meM rakhatA hai, samasta jIvoM ke prati jisake hRdaya meM kAruNya vidyamAna hotA hai, sAMsArika bhogamaya sukhoM se jisameM vaimukhya banA rahatA hai, pariSahoM tathA upasarga ke Ane para bhI sumeru parvata jyoM aprakampita rahatA hai, jo sabake lie candravat Anandaprada hai, vAyu kI jyoM, jo nirlepa, anAsakta banA rahatA hai, aisA prazasta buddhiyuktadhyAtA dhyAna sAdhanA karane ke yogya hai| 6: 61 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ~~ kA svarUpa : 'dhyAtuM yogyaM dhyeyam' jo dhyAna kiye jAne yogya ho yA jisa para dhyAna kiyA jAya use dhyeya kahA jAtA hai| dhyAtA, dhyeya, dhyAna ina tInoM kA anyonyAzrita saMbaMdha hai| dhyeya ko Alambana bhI kahA jAtA hai / 'dhyAyate yena tad dhyAnam' - jisake dvArA kisI viSaya para mana ko TikAyA jAtA hai, use dhyAna kahA jAtA hai, 'dhyAyati 60. vahI, 7.1 61. vahI, 7.1-7 31

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama yaH saH dhyAtA'-jo dhyAna karatA hai use dhyAtA kahA jAtA hai| dhyAna, dhyeya aura dhyAtA kA 'tattvAnuzAsana' meM bhI zAbdika vizleSaNa huA hai| dhyeya ke svarUpa kA vivecana karate hue granthakAra ne kahA ki jJAnIjanoM dvArA piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta ke rUpa meM cAra prakAra ke dhyeya yA Alambana batalAye gaye haiN|62 granthakAra ne yahA~ jJAniyoM dvArA batAye jAne kA ullekha kara pUrvavartI yoganiSNAta mahApuruSoM ke prati apanA zraddhAbhAva vyakta kiyA hai| kahane kA unakA yaha tAtparya hai ki dhyAna ke Alambana pUrva kAla se hI svIkRta rahe haiM, ye sarvamAnya haiN| piNDa zabda kisI eka tattva ke vibhinna aMgopAMgoM ke samaveta rUpa kA vAcaka hai| udAharaNArtha vibhinna rUpoM meM vistIrNa vyApta, pRthvI tattva ko samaveta rUpa meM liyA jAya to usake lie pRthvI piNDa saMjJA abhihita hotI hai| granthakAra ne pRthvI, agni, vAyu tathA jala ko piNDa rUpa meM gRhIta kara unake AdhAra para dhyAna kA abhyAsa karane kA eka bar3A hI manovaijJAnika upakrama prastuta kiyA hai| vibhinna tattvoM para AdhRta dhyAna prakriyA ko unhoMne dhAraNA kahA hai| unhoMne pArthivI, AgneyI, mArutI, vAruNI tathA tattvabhU ke rUpameM piNDastha dhyeya kI pA~ca dhAraNAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unake lie dhAraNA zabda ke prayoga kA bhI apanA artha hai| ye dhAraNa yA grahaNa kiye jAne yogya haiN| athavA dhAraNa kiye jAne ke sthAna haiN| aisA bhAva isa zabda ke sAtha jur3A huA hai| inako gRhIta yA dhArita kiye jAne para dhyAna kA pravAha sthiratA yA apRthaggAmitA prApta karatA hai| pArthivI dhAraNA: yaha loka Urdhva, madhya evaM adha: ina tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| jisa pRthvI para hama nivAsa karate haiM, use madhya yA tiryagloka kahA jAtA hai| jaina zAstroM ke anusAra usakA vistAra eka rajju parimita hai| sAdhaka mana meM aisA parikalpita kareM ki kSIrasAgara ke madhya meM sthita eka lakSayojana vistIrNa eka sahasradala kamala hai| phira usa kamala 62. vahI, 7.8 63. vahI, 7-9 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 32 ~~~~~~~~~~

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prArthivI dhAraNA HARANJANJNANALAYA

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AgneyI dhAraNA

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ke madhyavartI kiJjalakoM ke bhItara dedIpyamAna pIta prabhAmaya meruparvata ke samakakSa eka lakSa yojana U~cI karNikA avasthita hai, aisA vicAra kreN| usa karNikA ke Upara eka ujjvala nirmala siMhAsana hai| yoM soceM ki usa siMhAsana para AsIna hokara maiM, merI AtmA karmoM kA mUloccheda karane meM sannaddha hai| ciMtana kI yaha vidhA arthAt prakriyA pArthivI dhAraNA hai|64 yaha pRthvI ko AdhAra mAnakara kI gaI hai| yaha cintanAnucintana mUlaka vidhi dhyAtA ke dhyAna ko anya dizAoM se haTAkara eka hI pRthvI piNDagata parikalpita vastu tattva para TikatI hai| yaha ekAgratA kA eka bar3A hI sundara upayogI rUpa hai| AgneyI dhAraNA : eka anya vidhA ko lekara sAdhaka kI parikalpanA Age bar3hatI hai| vaha yaha cintana kare ki usakI nAbhi ke bhItara Sor3azadala yukta kamala vidyamAna hai| usa kamala kI pratyeka karNikA para mahAmaMtra navakAra kA saMkSipta rUpa 'a, A, i, I, u, U, R, R,la, ~ , e, ai, o, au, aM, a:'- ye solaha svara sthApita kreN| tadanantara apane hRdaya sthala meM aSTa dala yukta eka anya kamala kA cintana kreN| usake pratyeka patra para kramaza: jJAnAvaraNa darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya-ina ATha karmoM ko pratiSThapita kareM-parikalpanA kareM ki una patroM para kramaza: ye ATha karma sthita haiN| sAtha-hI-sAtha yaha bhI soceM ki yaha hRdaya sthita kamala adhomukhI hai| tadanantara apane cintana ko isa prakAra Age bar3hAyeM ki nAbhivartI kamala para vidyamAna aha~ pada ke haiM ke antarvartI repha meM se manda-manda rUpa meM dhUma-zikhA nikala rahI hai| puna: yoM cintana kareM ki usameM se agni sphuliMga nikalane lage haiN| Age ve sphuliMga jvAlAoM ke rUpa meM pariNata ho rahe haiM, jvAlAe~ uttarottara U~cI bar3hatI jA rahI haiM aura pUrvokta hRdayavartI aSTadala yukta kamala ko dagdha kara rahI haiN| usake pazcAt deha ke bAhara eka trikoNa svastika yukta tathA agnibIja repha yukta prajvalita vahnipura-agnimaya ghara yA AvAsa kA cintana kreN| Age phira yoM soceM 64. vahI, 7.10-12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 33 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama ki deha ke bhItara mahAmaMtra ke dhyAna se utpanna jvAlAyeM deha ko tathA aSTa karma yukta kamala ko tatkAla bhasma kara detI haiM, aisA kara agnijvAlAyeM sarvathA zAnta ho jAtI haiN|65 dhyAna dvArA karmAvaraNoM ko bhasmasAta karane kA yaha eka bar3A hI rocaka aura prabhAvaka krama hai| karmakSaya ke upakrama se jur3I huI ye anucintanAyeM vAstava meM cittavRtti ko apane meM itanA ramA letI haiM ki vaha dUsarI ora bhaTaka hI nahIM sktii| karmanirjaraNa kA yaha eka dhyAnamUlaka tapomaya vidhikrama hai jo granthakAra ne isa dhAraNA ke mAdhyama se upasthApita kiyA hai| vAyavI dhAraNA : karmadAha yA karmakSaya ke patha para ArUr3ha dhyAnayogI AgneyI dhAraNA ke bAda apanI kalpanA ko eka anya dizA meM unmukha bnaaye| vaha aisA soce ki eka pracaNDa pavana yA ghora tUphAna A rahA hai jo tInoM lokoM meM vyApta ho rahA hai, parvatoM ko vicalita kara rahA hai aura samudroM ko saMkSubdha kara rahA hai| puna: vaha cintana kare ki AgneyI dhAraNA meM zarIra aura aSTakarmoM ko dagdha kara DAlane se jo rAkha ke rUpa meM unakI pariNati huI thI, usa rAkha ko yaha tUphAna, yaha pracaNDa vAyu ur3AtA jA rahA hai aura sarvatra vikIrNa kara rahA hai arthAt vaha rAkha bhI puJja rUpa meM vidyamAna nahIM rahI hai| tUphAna dvArA ur3Aye jAne para vaha loka meM sarvatra bikhara gaI hai| ise vAyavI dhAraNA kahA jAtA hai| ___ "kRtsnakarmakSayo mokSaH" ke Adarza ko lekara calane vAlA dhyAnayogI apane mana meM yaha bhAva liye rahatA hai ki usake dagdha karmoM kA bhI koI avazeSa bacA na rhe| isa dhAraNA se isa Azaya kA aMkana kiyA gayA hai| vAruNI dhAraNA: vAyavI dhAraNA ko siddha kara sAdhaka vAruNI dhAraNA para AtA hai| isa dhAraNA 65. vahI, 7.13-18 66. yogazAstra zloka 7.19-20 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 34 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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vAyavI dhAraNA HTTERRIORY

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/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / vArUpI dhAraNA, / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / - HERE 4 / / / / / / / 19 un fidycation International For Priyane & Personal use only 7 I ww.jainelibrary.org

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kA jala tattva se sambandha hai| vaha aise AkAza kA cintana kare, jo amRtasadRza jala barasAne vAlI meghamAlAoM se vyApta hai| tadanantara vaha meghoM ke madhya ardha candrAkAra kalA bindu yukta varuNabIja 'va' kA cintana kre| varuNa bIja va~ se niHsRta hote hue sudhAsadRza jala se gaganatala paripUrNa hai| vaise jala kI anavarata vRSTi ho rahI hai| usase pUrvadagdha deha tathA karmoM kI bhasma, jo pracaNDa vAyu dvArA ur3A dI gaI thI, prakSAlita hokara, dhulakara sApha ho rahI hai|67 isa dhAraNA dvArA deha aura karmoM kA bhasma rUpa meM bacA huA avazeSa bhI nahIM raha pAtA, aisA spaSTa hai| uddIpta dhyAna sAdhanA dvArA karmadAha kA, vilaya kA eka sundara manovaijJAnika upakrama vyakta hotA hai| tatvabhU dhAraNA: uparyukta cAra dhAraNAyeM pRthvI Adi bhUta catuSTya para avasthita haiN| pA~cavIM dhAraNA vizuddha Atma-tattva se sambaddha hai| isalie ise tattvabhU kahA gayA hai arthAt yaha Atma tattva kI bhUmikA para vidyamAna hai| sAdhaka apane vizuddha AtmasvarUpa kA cintana kre| vaha yoM soce ki yaha Atmatattva deha rUpI rasa, rakta Adi sapta dhAtuoM se sarvathA rahita hai| pUrNa candra kI jyoM sarvathA nirmala, ujjvala, kAntimaya hai, sarvajJopama hai| tatpazcAt vaha sva-zarIrastha nirAkAra AtmA kA isa prakAra smaraNa-cintana kare ki vaha bhAvamaya siMhAsana para ArUr3ha hai, samasta atizayoM se vibhUSita hai aura samasta karmavidhvaMsaka uttama mahimAyukta hai| isa prakAra piNDastha dhyAna kA jo yogI abhyAsa karatA hai, vaha zivasukha mokSarUpa ananta sukha ko prApta karatA hai|68 piNDastha dhyAna kA mAhAtmya : __ anta meM, granthakAra ne piNDastha dhyAna se naSTa ho jAne vAle bAhya vighnoM kI carcA karate hue likhA hai ki dUSita vidyA yA mantrazakti dvArA utpAdita, uccATana, mAraNa, 67. vahI, 7.21-22 68. vahI, 7.23-25 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 35 ~~~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama stambhana, vidveSaNa Adi usa yogI para kucha bhI prabhAva nahIM DAla sakate jo piNDastha dhyAna kA abhyAsI hai| zAkinI, kSudra yoginI, pizAca, mAMsa-bhakSI, duSTa jana vaise yogI ke teja se tatkSaNa trasta ho jAte haiN| usakA kucha bhI bigAr3a nahIM kara skte| duSTa hAthI, siMha, sarpa, zarabha Adi ghAtaka jantu unheM dekhakara stabdha ho jAte haiM, jahA~ ke tahA~ khar3e rahate haiM, usakI jarA bhI hAni nahIM kara skte|69 piNDastha dhyAna kA mukhya lakSya to karmakSayapUrvaka zuddha AtmasvarUpa kI upalabdhi hI hai, kintu bhautika dRSTi se bhI isa dhyAna ko sAdhane vAle yogI ke saba prakAra ke bhautika vighna bhI naSTa ho jAte haiN| granthakAra ne yaha batalAte hue isakI aihika aura pAramArthika donoM dRSTiyoM se lAbhakAritA siddha kI hai| 'zreyAMsi bahuvighnAni'-zreyaskara kAryoM meM aneka vighna upasthita hote haiN| Agama sAhitya meM hama aise prasaMga dekhate haiM jahA~ sAdhakoM ko vicalita karane ke lie krUra-karmA pizAca Adi upadrava karate haiN| dRr3hacetA sAdhaka vicalita nahIM hote kintu jinakI sAdhanA paripakvatA yA sudRr3hatA ko prApta nahIM hotI, ve sthAnacyuta ho jAte haiN| upAsakadazAMga sUtra meM mahAvIra ke upAsakoM ke jIvana meM aise viparIta vighna upasthita hote rahe haiM isakA vistAra se varNana huA hai| padastha dhyAna: 'vibhaktyantaM padam' vyAkaraNa ke anusAra vibhakti yukta zabda ko pada kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ pada zabda kA prayoga pavitra maMtrAkSara Adi ko lakSita kara kiyA gayA hai| unakA Alambana lekara jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, use padastha dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| siddhAnta ke pAragAmI mahApuruSoM ne aisA batalAyA hai|1 siddhAnta ke pAragAmI puruSoM kA ullekha kara AcArya hemacandra ne padastha dhyAna kI prAcIna paramparA kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| yaha dhyAna bhI piNDastha dhyAna kI bhA~ti paramparAnugata hai| granthakAra ne vizeSa rUpa se use vyakta karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| unhoMne 69. vahI, 7.26-28 70. upAsaka dazAMgasUtra adhyayana 2.5 71. yogazAstra zloka 8.1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 36 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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mAtRkA pada dhyAna -antasthaH evaM uSNa vyaJjana dhyaan| ghaDAca nayAda ghAnA vyaJjana dhyAna 21 ( a/A o o RIP svara dhyAna

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bAhyAbhyaMtara parikara sahita arha-dhyAna . 3 D4 a. Ai au aM jha ra nadI D b eesa Hal 4al lane

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama padastha dhyAna ke eka rUpa kA vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai "dhyAna yogI nAbhikanda para vidyamAna Sor3azapatrayukta prathama kamala kI parikalpanA kre| usake pratyeka patra para a, A, i, I Adi solaha svaroM kI paMkti bhramaNa kara rahI hai, aisA soce|" "phira vaha hRdayasthita caturviMzati patra yukta karNikA yukta dvitIya kamala kA cintana kre| aisA soce ki ka se ya taka caubIsa vyaJjana una patroM para sthita haiN| makAra karNikA para vidyamAna hai|" "phira aSTa dala yukta tIsare kamala kI mukha meM parikalpanA kre| una ATha patroM meM avazeSa ATha ya se ha taka vyaJjana kI parikalpanA kre| isa varNamAlA ko mAtRkA kahA jAtA hai| isI para zrutajJAna avasthita hai| isakA jo dhyAnayogI cintana karatA hai vaha zrutajJAna meM pAraMgata ho jAtA hai|"72 mAtakA dhyAna kA phala : mAtRkA dhyAna kA vizeSa phala batAte hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki ye varNa anAdi kAla se svata: siddha haiN| jo vidhipUrvaka inakA dhyAna karatA hai, svalpakAla meM hI usake saMcita karma vidhvasta ho jAte haiM tathA usameM vividha viSaya mUlaka jJAna sahaja hI utpanna ho jAtA hai|73 varNa, tadAtmaka zabda, pada Adi para bhAratIya darzana meM bar3A cintana aura manana huA hai| ve bhASA mAtra se hI jur3e hue nahIM haiM, unake sAtha nigUr3ha dArzanika evaM tAttvika tathya bhI jur3A huA hai| mahAn vaiyAkaraNa bhartRhari ne 'vAkyapadIyaM' nAmaka apane suprasiddha grantha meM brahmakANDa kA prArambha isI tattva ke pratipAdana ke sAtha kiyA hai anAdi-nidhanaM brahma zabda-tattvaM tdkssrm| vivartate'rthabhAvena, prakriyA jagato ytH|| yaha zabda tattva anAdi ananta hai, apara-avinazvara yA vikAra rahita hai, jagat 72. vahI, 8.2-4 73. vahI, 8.5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 37 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama ke vibhinna padArthoM meM vahI vividha rUpoM meM pratibhAsita hai| usI se isa jagat kI samagra prakriyA pravartanazIla hai|4 bhartRhari se pUrva zaiva Agama meM bhI yaha tattva nirUpita huA hai| vahA~ aisA ullekha huA hai ki yaha jagat zabda kA hI pariNAma hai| jagat meM jo kucha dRSTigocara hotA hai - vaha saba zabda kA hI vistAra hai| pANinIya darzana meM to yahA~ taka mAnA gayA hai ki ekazabda: 'samyakjJAta: suSThuprayuktaH svarge loke ca kAmadhuk bhvti|' bhalI-bhA~ti jJAta kiyA huA, jAnA huA, samyak rUpa meM prayukta huA eka zabda bhI svarga evaM loka meM kAmadhuk hotA hai arthAt svarga evaM loka meM prayoktA ke lie yatheSTa phala pradAna karatA hai| . isase prakaTa hotA hai ki varNa, zabda evaM pada Adi kA jaina evaM vaidika paramparA donoM meM hI na kevala laukika kintu pAralaukika, AdhyAtmika kiMvA dArzanika mahattva bhI rahA hai| padastha dhyAna kI mahatI sArthakatA isase siddha hotI hai| padastha dhyAna ke anya prakAra : granthakAra ne padastha dhyAna kA isa prakAza meM aura bhI aneka rUpoM meM vivecana kiyA hai| paMca parameSThI maMtra,7 paMcaparameSThI vidyA, paMcadazAkSarI vidyA, sapta varNa maMtra,80 hrIMkAra vidyA,81 kSvI vidyA,82 praNava, zUnya tathA anAhata,83 oMkAra,84 aSTAkSarI vidyA5 ityAdi kA granthakAra ne vizada rUpa meM varNana kiyA hai jo 74. vAkyapadIya 1.1 75. zaiva Agama 1.120 76. sarvadarzanasaMgraha pANini darzana pR. 587 77. yogazAstra zloka 8.32 78. vahI, 8.38 79. vahI, 8.43 80. vahI, 8.45 81. vahI, 8.47-56 82. vahI, 8.57 83. vahI, 8.60-61 84. vahI, 8.64 65 85. vahI, 8.66271 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 38 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyAnayogiyoM ke lie paThanIya hai| isa prakAza ke anta meM padastha mUlaka dhyAna ke vaiziSTya kA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki pramukha gaNadharabodhita pravacana rUpI samudra se uddhRta kiye hue, nikAle hue ye padastha dhyAna ke vividha upakrama tattva rUpI ratna haiN| ye saikar3oM bhavoM meM saMcita karmakleza kA vinAza karate haiN| ye medhAvI-prabuddha dhyAna-yogI sAdhakoM ke hRdaya rUpI darpaNa ko ullasita prakAzita kreN|86 REas. yastha dhyAna : dharmapravacana yA dharmadezanA pradAna karane vAle tIrthaMkaroM ke vyaktitva kI apanI vilakSaNatA aura asAdhAraNatA hai| ve aneka atizayoM se vibhUSita hote haiN| unake vyaktitva meM jahA~ sarvajJatva kI divya AbhA udbhAsita hotI hai, vahA~ unake prabhAva se paraspara vairabhAva rakhane vAle prANI bhI unakI pariSad yA samavasaraNa meM upasthita hote haiN| AdhyAtmika divya chaTA, prabhA, jyoti se ve alaMkRta hote haiN| vAtAvaraNa ko sahaja hI unake vyaktitva se AdhyAtmika divyatA prApta hotI hai| yaha unakA bhAvAtmaka, preraka, udbodhaka rUpa hai jo adhyAtma cetanA se ApUrita hai| ___ unake isa AdhyAtmika, abhautika, pAramArthika vyaktitva kA cintana karanA, isa para apane dhyAna ko ekAgra karanA rUpastha dhyAna hai| granthakAra ne usa dhyAna ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue kahA hai- jo sAdhaka muktilakSmI ke sammukha jA pahu~ce haiM, jinhoMne samagra cAroM ghAtiyA karmoM kA samUla dhvaMsa kara diyA hai, dezanA dete samaya devaracita tIna pratibimboM ke kAraNa jo cAra mukha vAle dikhAI dete haiM, jo tIna loka ke prANimAtra ko abhayadAna dene vAle haiM tathA candramaNDala ke sadRza tIna ujjvala chatroM se suzobhita haiM, sUryamaMDala kI prabhA kA tiraskAra karane vAlA bhAmaMDala jinake pIche jagamagA rahA hai, divya duMdubhi ke nirghoSa se jinakI AdhyAtmika sampadA kA gAna kiyA jA rahA hai, jo guMjAra karate hue bhramaroM kI jhaMkAra se zabdAyamAna azoka vRkSa se suzobhita haiM, siMhAsana para AsIna haiM, jinake donoM ora cAmara DhulAye jA rahe haiM, vandana karate hue suroM aura asuroM ke mastakoM ke 86. vahI, 8.81 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 39 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama ratnoM kI kAnti se jinake caraNoM ke nakha camaka rahe haiM, devakRta divya puSpoM ke samUha ke kAraNa jinake samavasaraNa kI vizAla bhUmi bhI saMkIrNa ho gaI hai, gardana Upara uThAkara mRgAdi pazuoM ke jhuNDa jinakI manohara dhvani kA pAna kara rahe haiM, jinakA janma-jAta vaira zAnta ho gayA hai- aise siMha aura hAthI Adi virodhI jIva jinakI upAsanA kara rahe haiM, jo samasta atizayoM se sampanna haiM, kevalajJAna ke prakAza se yukta haiM, parama pada ko prApta haiM aura samavasaraNa meM sthita haiM, aise arihanta bhagavAna ke svarUpa kA avalambana karake kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna-'rUpastha-dhyAna' kahalAtA hai|87 .RAS GGLEE rUpasthaM dhyAna kA eka anya prakAra : rAga-dveSa, moha Adi vikAroM se rahita, zAnta, kAnta, manohara Adi samasta prazasta lakSaNoM se yukta, itara matAvalambiyoM dvArA ajJAta yogamudrA ko dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa manorama tathA netroM se amanda Ananda kA adbhuta pravAha bahAne vAle jinendradeva ke divya bhavya rUpa kA nirmala citta se dhyAna karane vAlA yogI bhI rUpastha dhyAna karane vAlA kahalAtA hai|88 WER BREE AVM phalodgama: rUpastha dhyAna ke abhyAsa karane se tanmayatA ko prApta yogI apane Apako spaSTa rUpa se sarvajJa ke rUpa meM dekhane lagatA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jaba taka sAdhaka kA mana vItarAga bhAva meM ramaNa karatA hai taba taka vaha vItarAga bhAva kI hI anubhUti karatA hai| jo sarvajJa bhagavAna haiM nissandeha vaha maiM hI hU~, yoM socane se yogI kI sarvajJa bhAva meM tanmayatA ho jAtI hai|89 AlambanAnurUpa phala/niSpatti : jo vItarAga bhAva kA dhyAna karatA hai vaha vItarAgatA kA anubhava karatA huA 87. vahI, 9.1 88. vahI, 10.8-10 89. vahI, 10.11-12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 40 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama vAsanAoM se vimukta ho jAtA hai| isake pratikUla jo sarAga dhyeya kA Alambana lekara dhyAna karatA hai vaha rAgabhAvApanna ho jAtA hai, kSobha va krodha Adi kaSAyoM se jur3atA jAtA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki dhyAna kA jaisA Alambana hotA hai, dhyeya kA jaisA svarUpa hotA hai, dhyAtA bhI usI ke anurUpa pariNata ho jAtA hai| zrImadbhAgavata meM bhI aisA ullekha hai ki dhyAtA kI dhyeya ke anurUpa pariNati ho jAtI hai| jaba taka dhyAtA ke citta meM dhyeyAnurUpa anubhavana nahIM hotA, taba taka use dhyAna kA puna:puna: abhyAsa karanA caahie|92 zvetAzvetara upaniSad meM bhI dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM prakArAntara se aisA hI varNana huA hai| rUpAtIta dhyAna : niraMjana, nirAkAra, siddha, mukta, paramezvara, amUrta vizuddha caitanya svarUpa hai, cinmaya hai| ataeva unheM rUpAtIta kahA gayA hai| unake parama zuddha AdhyAtmika svarUpa kA Alambana lekara jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai use rUpAtIta dhyAna kahA gayA hai| granthakAra ne isa saMbaMdha meM vivecana karate hue likhA hai - niraMjana nirAkAra siddha paramAtmA kA dhyAna karane vAlA yogI grAhya-grAhaka bhAva arthAt dhyeya aura dhyAtA ke vikalpa se rahita hokara tanmayatA, siddhasvarUpatA kA anubhava karatA hai| yogI jaba grAhya-grAhaka bhAva ke bheda se Upara uThakara tanmayatA prApta kara letA hai, taba koI bhI Alambana na rahane ke kAraNa vaha siddhAtmA meM lIna ho jAtA hai| dhyeya siddhasvarUpa ke sAtha usakI ekarUpatA ho jAtI hai| vaha antarAtma bhAva se U~cA uThakara paramAtma bhAva meM lIna ho jAtA hai| dhyAtA aura dhyeya kA yaha aikya hI samarasI bhAva kahA gayA hai|4 90. vahI, 10.13 91. zrImad bhAgavata 11.9.22 92. brahmasUtra 4.1.1 93. zvetAzvataropaniSad 1.14 94. yogazAstra zloka 10.1-4 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 41 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama dhyAna kA kramika abhyAsa : ___sAdhaka pahale piNDastha, padastha Adi Alambana yukta dhyAna kA abhyAsa kre| pahale sthUla dhyeyoM kA phira kramaza: sUkSma, sUkSmatara aura sUkSmatama dhyeyoM kA cintana kre| isa krama ko svIkAra kara dhyAna karane vAlA tattvavettA tattva ko prApta kara letA hai| isa krama ko apanAkara dhyAna meM Age bar3hane vAlA sAdhaka apane dhyeya ko siddha kara letA hai| anta meM, granthakAra ne uparyukta dhyAna-sAdhanA kI mahattvapUrNa phalaniSpatti kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki yaha cAra prakAra kA dhyAna amRta svarUpa hai| inameM jo yogI nimagna ho jAtA hai, vaha jAgatika tattvoM kA sAkSAtkAra kara Atmavizuddhi adhigata kara letA hai| piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta kA vivecana huA hai, vaha dharma dhyAna se sambaddha hai| Agama sAhitya meM prakArAntara se usake bhedoM kA vivecana huA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne Agama nirUpita bhedoM kA bhI yogazAstra' meM varNana kiyA hai| PARAN - ANKAR dhamadhyAna ke prakArAntara se bheda : AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna ko dhyeya rUpa meM svIkAra kara dhyAna karane se una dhyeyoM ke anusAra dharmadhyAna ke AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAka vicaya aura saMsthAna vicaya nAmaka cAra bheda hote haiN|96 AjJAvicaya dhyAna : sarvajJadeva kI dharmadezanA, AjJA, kisI bhI prakAra ke tarka se abAdhita hai, pUrvAparavirodha se vivarjita hai| tAttvika rUpa se usake arthoM kA cintana karanA, unheM Alambana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara una para mana ko ekAgra karanA AjJAvicaya dhyAna hai| sarvajJoM ke vacanoM kA yaha vaiziSTya hai ki ve atyanta sUkSma tattvoM kA sparza karate haiM, hetuoM dvArA khaMDita nahIM hote| ve svAmI kI AjJA ke rUpa meM grahaNa karane 95. vahI, 10.5-6 96. vahI, 10.7 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 42 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yogya haiM kyoMki sarvajJa kadApi anyathAbhASI nahIM hote| unakI AjJA ko AdhAra mAnakara isa dhyAna kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai|97 apAyavicaya dhyAna : jo lakSya ko prApta karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai use upAya kahA jAtA hai| yaha upa+Aya ke milane se banA hai| upa upasarga sAmIpya kA dyotaka hai| Aya upalabdhi kA dyotaka hai| upAya kA viparIta rUpa apAya hai jo lakSya ko siddha karane meM bAdhA vighna utpanna karatA hai use apAya kahA jAtA hai| apAya zabda apa+Aya ke milane se banA hai| apa pRthak yA dUra karane kA sUcaka hai| lakSya se haTAne ke kAraNa hI isakI apAya saMjJA hai| rAga-dveSa, krodha Adi kaSAya, pramAda Adi vikAroM se hone vAle kaSTa yA durgati Adi kA jo sAdhanoM meM bAdhaka hai, cintana karanA apAya vicaya dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| dhyAna yoga aihika aura pAralaukika apAyoM-vighnoM ke parihAra meM, unako miTAne meM tatpara hotA hai| vaha isa dhyAna kA avalambana lekara pApakarmoM se sarvathA nivRtta ho jAtA hai|98 dhyAnarata sAdhaka sAdhanA meM vighnotpAdaka tattvoM kA cintana karatA hai taba usake mana meM unheM naSTa karane kI sahaja rUpa meM preraNA jAgRta hotI hai kyoMki vaha socatA hai ki yadi ye apAya nahIM miTa pAye to vaha sAdhanA se skhalita ho sakatA hai| isalie vaha unakA parihAra yA parivartana karatA hai| yoM vaha pApAtmaka pravRttiyoM se sarvathA pRthak ho jAtA hai| kyoMki dhyAna tapa kA hI eka ujjvala rUpa hai| tapazcaraNa se to karmoM kA nirjaraNa hotA hI hai| viSAkavicaya dhyAna: vipAka kA artha pariNAma, paripAka yA phala hai| karmoM kA saMcaya hI saMsAra hai aura apacaya hI mokSa hai| kSaNa-kSaNa meM vibhinna karmoM kA phala bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM udita hotA hai| isa tathya kA Alambana lekara jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha vipAkavicaya dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| 97. vahI, 10.8.9 98. vahI, 10.10-11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 43 wwwwwer

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama isake antargata sAdhaka cintana karatA hai ki arihaMta prabhu ko aSTa prAtihArya Adi zreSThatama sampatti atizaya upalabdha hai| cakravartI samrATa ko ekachatra rAjya-vaibhava Adi prApta hai| narakagata prANI ghora vipattiyoM aura kaSToM se pIr3ita rahate haiN| ina sabakA kAraNa unake dvArA kiye gaye apane-apane karma hI haiN| _____ karmasiddhAMta nirUpita vipAka para mana ko ekAgra karane se bhAvoM meM aisI nirmalatA aura ujjvalatA AtI hai jisake dvArA sAdhaka meM karmanirmukta vizuddha AtmasvarUpa kA saMsphuraNa hotA hai| saMsthAnavicaya dhyAna : isa dhyAna kA saMbaMdha loka ke svarUpa para mana kA ekAgratA ke sAtha jur3anA hai| yaha loka anAdi aura ananta hai| utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya yukta hai| apane mUla svarUpa kI dRSTi se dhruva hai, paryAyoM kI dRSTi se utpatti aura vinAzayukta hai| etanmUlaka cintana se sAdhaka meM vastu svarUpa kA yathArtha bodha utpanna hotA hai| ise saMsthAna vicaya dhyAna kahA gayA hai|100 isa dhyAna se sAdhaka AtmAnubhAvita hotA hai to vaha astitva ... bodha kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai| kyoMki vaha isa loka ke anantAnanta prANiyoM meM se eka hai| yaha dhyAna vastutattva kI yathArtha pRSThabhUmi para Azrita hai| isa loka meM nAnA prakAra ke anekAneka dravya haiN| eka-eka dravya ke anantAnanta paryAya haiN| una paryAyoM para rAga bhAva karane se unhIM meM vyakti Asakta banatA hai| una para tAttvika daSTi se cintana karane se mana ko ekAgra karane se sAdhaka ke mana meM rAga-dveSAdijanita AkulatA miTa jAtI hai| vaha unase virata hone kI dizA meM agrasara hotA hai|101 dharmadhyAna kI ArAdhanA kA supariNAma : dharmadhyAna kSAyopazamika Adi bhAvoM se sambaddha hai jo karmoM ke kSaya aura upazama se prasphuTita hote haiN| dhyAna yogI jyoM-jyoM apanI sAdhanA meM Age bar3hatA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM lezyAe~ kramaza: pIta, padma aura zukla rUpa meM vizuddhi prApta karatI jAtI haiN| isameM nitAnta vairAgya bhAva kA udbhava hotA hai| isase yogI atIndriya svasaMvedya 99. vahI, 10.12-13 100. vahI, 10.14 101. vahI, 10.15

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama adhyAtma rasa kA anubhava karatA hai|102 ukta vivecana kA sAra yaha hai : AjJA-vicaya se vItarAga bhAva kI prApti hotI hai| apAya-vicaya se rAga-dveSa aura moha aura unase utpanna hone vAle du:khoM se mukti milatI hai| vipAka-vicaya se duHkha kaise hotA hai, kyoM hotA hai, kisa pravRtti kA kyA pariNAma hotA hai ? inakI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| saMsthAna vicaya se mana anAsakta banatA hai| vizva kI utpAda-vyaya aura dhruvatA jAna lI jAtI hai, usake vividha pariNAma-parivartana jAna liye jAte haiM, taba manuSya kA mana sneha, ghRNA, hAsya, zoka Adi vikAroM se virata ho jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna citta-nirodha yA citta-vizuddhi kA prArambhika abhyAsa hai| zukladhyAna meM yaha abhyAsa paripakva ho jAtA hai| mana caMcala hai| indriyA~ use prerita karatI haiM, isalie usakI caMcalatA aura bar3ha jAtI hai| vaha samUce vizva kI parikramA karane laga jAtA hai| dhyAna kA kArya usa bhramaNazIla mana ko zeSa viSayoM se haTA kara kisI eka viSaya para sthira kara denA hai| / jyoM-jyoM sthiratA bar3hatI hai, tyoM-tyoM mana zAnta aura niSprakampa ho jAtA hai| zukla dhyAna ke antima caraNa meM mana kI pravRtti kA pUrNa nirodha, pUrNa saMvara yA samAdhi prApta ho jAtI hai| caladhyAna kA adhikArI : vajra vRSabhanArAca saMhanana vAle aura pUrvazruta ke dhAraka muni hI zukla dhyAna karane meM samartha hote haiN| alpasAmarthya vAle manuSyoM ke citta meM kisI bhI taraha zukla dhyAna ke yogya sthiratA nahIM A sktii| indriyajanya viSayoM ke sevana se vyAkula banA huA manuSyoM kA mana svastha, zAnta evaM sthira nahIM raha paataa| yahI kAraNa hai ki alpa sattva vAle prANiyoM ko zukla dhyAna karane kA adhikArI nahIM mAnA gayA hai| vartamAna meM na to vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana vAle haiM, na hI puurvdhr| ata: koI 102. vahI, 10.16-17 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 45 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama zukla dhyAna ke adhikArI bhI nahIM haiN| aisI sthiti meM zukla dhyAna kA varNana karane kI kyA upayogitA hai ? prastuta prazna ko samAhita karate hue AcArya hemacandra ne kahA hai- Ajakala ke manuSyoM ke lie zAstrAnusAra zukla dhyAna kA varNana huA hai|103 zukla dhyAna ke bheda: zukla dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM - 1. pRthaktva zruta savicAra, 2. ekatva zrutaavicAra, 3. sUkSma kriyA pratipAti aura 4. utsanna kriyA aprtipaati|104 Didacti N TRE pRthaktva zrutasavicAra : jaina paramparAnusAra vitarka kA artha zrutAvalambI vikalpa hai| vicAra kA artha hai privrtn| paramANu Adi kisI eka dravya meM utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya Adi paryAyoM kA, dravyArthika, paryAyArthika Adi nayoM ke anusAra, pUrvagata zruta ke AdhAra se cintana karanA pRthaktva zruta savicAra dhyAna kahalAtA hai| isa dhyAna meM artha-dravya, vyaMjana, zabda aura yoga kA saMkramaNa hotA rahatA hai| dhyAtA kabhI artha kA cintana karate-karate zabda kA aura zabda kA cintana karate-karate artha kA cintana karane lagatA hai| isI prakAra manoyoga se kAyayoga meM yA vacana yoga meM, kAyayoga se manoyoga meM yA vacanayoga meM aura vacanayoga se manoyoga yA kAyayoga meM saMkramaNa karatA rahatA hai| __ artha, vyaMjana aura yoga kA saMkramaNa hote rahane para bhI dhyeya dravya eka hI hotA hai, ata: usa aMza meM mana kI sthiratA banI rahatI hai| isa apekSA se hameM dhyAna karane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai|105 ekatva zruta avicAra : zruta ke anusAra artha, vyaMjana aura yoga ke saMkramaNa se rahita, eka 103. vahI, 11.2-4 104. vahI, 11.5 105. (ka) vahI, 11.6 (kha) sthAnAMga vRtti, 4.1.247 patra 191 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 46 ~~~~~-~~-~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama paryAyaviSayaka dhyAna ekatva zruta avicAra dhyAna kahalAtA hai| pahalA aura dUsarA zukla dhyAna sAmAnyata: pUrvadhara muniyoM ko hI hotA hai, parantu kabhI kisI ko pUrvagata zruta ke abhAva meM anya zruta ke AdhAra se bhI ho sakatA hai| pahale prakAra ke zukla dhyAna meM zabda, artha aura yogoM kA Avartana-parivartana baMda ho jAtA hai| prathama zukla dhyAna meM eka dravya kI vibhinna paryAyoM kA cintana hotA hai, dUsare meM eka hI paryAya ko dhyeya banAyA jAtA hai|106 pahale meM pRthaktva hai, isalie vaha savicAra hai, dUsare meM ekatva hai isalie vaha avicAra hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki pahale meM vaicArika saMkrama hai, dUsare meM asNkrm| pRthaktva-vitarka-savicArI arthAt bheda pradhAna dhyAna kA abhyAsa dRr3ha hotA hai, taba ekatva vitarka avicArI arthAt abhedapradhAna dhyAna hotA hai| isake abhyAsa se moha kSINa hotA hai, usake sAtha-sAtha jJAna aura darzana ke AvaraNa tathA antarAya karma kSINa ho jAte haiN| AtmA sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, vItarAga aura ananta zakti sampanna bana jAtA hai| ideas sUkSma kriyA apratipAti: nirvANa-gamana kA samaya sannikaTa A jAne para kevalI bhagavAna manoyoga aura vacanayoga tathA sthUla kAyayoga kA nirodha kara lete haiM, kevala zvAsocchvAsa Adi sUkSma kriyA hI zeSa raha jAtI hai, taba jo dhyAna hotA hai vaha sUkSmakriyA apratipAti nAmaka zuklA dhyAna kahalAtA hai|107 ucchitra kriyA apratipAti : __ parvata kI taraha nizcala kevalI bhagavAna jaba zailezIkaraNa ko prApta karate haiM, usa samaya hone vAlA zukla dhyAna ucchinna kriyA apratipAti kahalAtA hai|108 106. vahI, 11.7 107. vahI, 11.8 108. vahI, 11.9 47

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama zukla dhyAna meM yoga vibhAga : prathama zukla dhyAna eka yoga yA tInoM yoga yukta muniyoM ko hotA hai, dUsarA eka yoga yukta ko hI hotA hai, tIsarA sUkSma kAyayoga yukta kevalI ko aura cauthA ayogI kevalI ko hI hotA hai|109 MARRESENCE kevalI aura dhyAna : sAmAnyata: mana kI sthiratA ko dhyAna kahate haiM, parantu tIsare aura cauthe zukla dhyAna ke samaya, mana kA astitva nahIM rahatA hai| aisI avasthA meM unheM dhyAna kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki "dhyAna ke vizeSajJa puruSa jaise chadmastha ke mana kI sthiratA ko dhyAna kahate haiM, usI prakAra kevalI ke kAya kI sthiratA ko bhI dhyAna kahate haiN| kyoMki jaise mana eka prakAra kA yoga hai, usI prakAra kAya bhI eka prakAra kA yoga hai|"110 ayogI aura dhyAna : caudahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~cate hI AtmA tInoM yogoM kA nirodha kara letI hai| ata: ayogI avasthA meM sthita kevalI meM yoga kA sadbhAva nahIM rahatA hai, phira bhI vahA~ dhyAna kA astitva mAnA gayA hai| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki : 1. jaise kumhAra kA cakra daNDa Adi ke abhAva meM bhI pUrvAbhyAsa se ghUmatA rahatA hai, usI prakAra yogoM ke abhAva meM bhI pUrvAbhyAsa ke kAraNa ayogI avasthA meM bhI dhyAna hotA hai| jaise putra na hone para bhI putra ke yogya kArya karane vAlA vyakti putra kahalAtA hai, usI prakAra dhyAna kA kArya karma-nirjarA vahA~ para bhI vidyamAna hai ata: vahA~ dhyAna bhI mAnA gayA hai| eka zabda ke aneka artha hote haiN| yahA~ dhyeya dhAtu cintana artha meM hai, kAyayoga ke nirodha artha meM bhI hai aura ayogitva artha meM bhI 109. vahI, 11.10 110. vahI, 11.11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 48 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : saptama 4. jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai ataH ayogitva artha ke anusAra ayogI kevalI meM dhyAna kA sadbhAva mAnanA ucita hI hai| jinendra bhagavAna ke ayogI kevalI avasthA meM bhI dhyAna kahA hai| isa kAraNa unameM dhyAna kA sadbhAva mAnanA cAhie / 111 zukla dhyAna ke svAmI : cAra prakAra ke zukla dhyAnoM meM se pahale ke do dhyAna pUrvagata zruta meM pratipAdita arthakA anusaraNa karane ke kAraNa zrutAvalambI haiN| ve prAyaH pUrvoM ke jJAtA chadmastha yogiyoM ke hI hote haiM / 'prAyaza: ' kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki kabhI-kabhI ve viziSTa apUrvadharoM ko bhI ho jAte haiM / antima do prakAra ke zukla dhyAna samasta doSoM kA kSaya karane vAle arthAt vItarAga, sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI kevalI meM hI pAe jAte haiM / 112 zukladhyAna kA krama : matimAna puruSa ko zruta meM se kisI eka artha kA avalambana karake dhyAna Arambha karanA caahie| usake bAda unheM artha se zabda ke vicAra meM AnA cAhie / phira zabda se artha meM puna: lauTanA cAhie / isI prakAra eka yoga se dUsare yoga meM aura phira dUsare yoga se pahale yoga meM AnA cAhie / dhyAnakartA jisa prakAra zIghratA pUrvaka artha, zabda aura yoga meM saMkramaNa karatA hai, usI prakAra zIghratA se usase puna: lauTa bhI AtA hai| isa prakAra se yogI jaba pRthaktva meM tIkSNa abhyAsa vAlA ho jAtA hai, taba viziSTa Atmika guNoM ke prakaTa hone para usameM ekatva kA dhyAna karane kI yogyatA utpanna ho jAtI hai| 111. vahI, 11.12 112. vahI, 11.13, 14 49

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama jaba dhyAnakartA tIna yogoM meM se kisI eka yoga kA Alambana karake utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya Adi paryAyoM meM se kisI eka paryAya kA cintana karatA hai, taba 'ekatva avicAra' dhyAna kahalAtA hai| jaise mantravettA mantra ke bala se sampUrNa zarIra meM vyApta hue viSa ko ekadeza sthAna meM lAkara kendrita kara detA hai, usI prakAra yogI dhyAna ke bala se tInoM jagat meM vyApta arthAt sarvatra bhaTakane vAle mana ko aNu para lAkara sthira kara lete haiM / jalatI huI Aga meM se IMdhana ko khIMca lene yA bilkula haTA dene para thor3e IMdhana vAlI agni bujha jAtI hai, usI prakAra jaba mana ko viSaya rUpI IMdhana nahIM milatA hai, to vaha bhI svataH hI zAnta ho jAtA hai / 1 113 zukla dhyAna kA phala : 114 jaba dhyAna rUpI jAjvalyamAna pracaNDa agni prajvalita hotI hai to yogIndra ke samasta cAroM ghAtikarma kSaNa bhara meM naSTa ho jAte haiM, yahI bAta 'prazamaratiprakaraNa' meM kahI gaI hai| zukla dhyAna meM ArUr3ha yogI vizva bhara ke jIvoM ke karmabandhana ko tor3a DAlane meM samartha hotA hai, yadi aisA ho sake to 115 aura kyA ho sakatI hai| dhyAna kI mahimA isase adhika 'yogazAstra' ke bArahaveM adhyAya ke prArambha meM granthakAra ne likhA hai ki zrutajJAnamaya zAstra rUpI samudra se aura gurujana ke mukha se yoga ke saMdarbha meM maiMne jo adhigata kiyA usakA yahA~ bhalI-bhA~ti digdarzana karAyA hai| aba apane anubhava se jo maiMne prApta kiyA usakA yahA~ vivecana karUMgA / 16 apanI anubhUti ke pariNAmasvarUpa mana ke saMdarbha meM jo unheM vizeSa tathya AtmasAt hue usakA unhoMne mana kI vibhinna dazAoM yA bhedoM ke rUpa meM nirUpaNa kiyA hai / mana hI sAdhanA kA mukhya sAdhana hai / ata eva usI ko uddiSTa kara unakA prastuta vivecana hai| 113. vahI, 11.15-20 114. vahI, 11.21 115. prazamarati prakaraNa 264 116. yogazAstra 12.1 50

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khaNDa : saptama mana ke bheda : dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM vikSipta, yAtAyAta, zliSTa aura sulIna ke rUpa meM mana cAra prakAra kA hai| inako jAnanA cittavizuddhi meM atyanta upayogI hai| jo citta caMcalatA liye rahatA hai use vikSipta kahA gayA hai| vaha idhara-udhara kSepayukta rahatA hai, bhaTakatA rahatA hai| yAtAyAta mana kucha iSTa prItikara Anandaprada hotA hai / vaha kabhI bAhara jAtA hai kabhI antaH praviSTa hotA hai| dhyAna ke prAthamika yA prAraMbhika abhyAsI janoM meM citta kI ye donoM sthitiyA~ hotI haiN| jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama isakA Azaya yaha hai ki citta sarvaprathama caMcalatA liye rahatA hai kintu use susthira banAne kA jyoM-jyoM abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai, taba usameM caMcalatA ke sAtha kucha sthiratA bhI samAviSTa hone lagatI hai| ina donoM mAnasika sthitiyoM meM caitasika vikalpoM ke sAtha bAhya padArtha bhI gRhIta hote rahate haiN| 117 jo mana sthira tathA sthiratA ke pariNAmasvarUpa Anandamaya bana jAtA hai, use zliSTa kahA jAtA hai / vahA~ citta jaba atyanta sthira ho jAtA hai to vaha paramAnandamayI avasthA pA letA hai, usakI sulIna saMjJA hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki jaise-jaise kramazaH citta kI sthiratA bar3hatI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise Antarika Ananda kI mAtrA bhI vRddhiMgata ho jAtI hai / kramazaH abhyAsa ko Age bar3hAtA huA dhyAnayogI vikSipta se yAtAyAta, yAtAyAta se zliSTa aura zliSTa se sulIna citta kI bhUmi kA saMsparza kare / isake pariNAmasvarUpa nirAlaMbana dhyAna kI siddhI hotI hai| vaisA hone para antarAtmA meM samarasa bhAva kA abhyudaya aura paramAnanda kA anubhava hotA hai| sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha dhyAnAbhyAsa meM agrasara hokara bahirAtma bhAva kA parityAga kara antarAtma bhAva meM hotA huA paramAtma bhAva kA cintana kare, anubhava kare | 118 AcArya hemacandra ne apane grantha ke prArambhika bhAga meM sAdhaka ke lie AcAramUlaka dharma kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai kyoMki jo apane dainaMdina AcaraNa ko pavitra, 117. vahI, 12.2-3 118. vahI, 12.4-6 51

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama nirmala banA letA hai vahI yogasAdhanA kA adhikArI hotA hai| unhoMne kramaza: yoga ke aMgopAMgoM kA jainatva anuprANita vistAra karate hue anta meM vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai| Agama, zAstra aura apane anubhava tInoM hI dRSTiyoM se unhoMne dhyAna kA jo vistAra se varNana kiyA hai vaha dhyAnasAdhanA ke vikAsa kA mahattvapUrNa aMga hai kyoMki daihika mAnasika parizuddhi ke anantara Atmavizuddhi hI sAdhaka kA parama dhyeya hai| yoga kI bhASA meM vaha samAdhi kI avasthA hai jise siddha karane kA ananya sAdhana dhyAna hai| yoga ke anya aMga to dhyAna ke paripoSaka haiN| AcArya hemacandra mahAn vaiyAkaraNa, koSakAra, utkRSTa kavi, dhyAna yogI hone ke sAtha-sAtha mantravidyA, taMtravidyA Adi meM bhI niSNAta the| 'yogazAstra' ke adhyayana se aisA prakaTa hotA hai| yadyapi unhoMne 'yogazAstra' kI racanA gujarezvara kumArapAla ke mAdhyama se gRhI sAdhakoM ko upalakSita kara kI, kintu isa grantha meM katipaya aise varNana krama haiM jinase ukta tathya prakaTa hotA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya hemacandra ke samaya meM maMtra, taMtrAdi janita camatkAroM meM logoM kI ruci thii| vibhinna paramparAoM meM maMtra vidyA, taMtra vidyA Adi kA pracalana bhI rahA ho| ataeva unhoMne apane grantha meM saMkSipta rUpa meM vaisA vivecana bhI yathAprasaMga kiyA hai| dhyAnacarcA ke saMdarbha meM AcArya hemacandra pUrva kI Agamika paramparA ke sAthasAtha taMtra Adi se prabhAvita pratIta hote haiN| unhoMne dharmadhyAna ke prasaMga meM pRthivI, AgneyI, vAruNI aura vAyavI dhAraNA kI evaM dharma dhyAna ke bhedoM ke saMbaMdha meM piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta kI jo carcA kI hai, vaha prAcIna Agamika paramparA meM evaM tattvArthasUtra aura usakI prAcIna TIkAoM meM varNita nahIM hai| jaina paramparA meM inakA sarvaprathama ullekha digambara paramparA meM zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava meM milatA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM inakA prathama vistRta ullekha hameM AcArya hemacandra meM hI milatA hai| 19 yogapradIpa: jaina yoga sAhitya meM 'yogapradIpa' nAmaka kRti suprasiddha hai| yaha kalevara meM 119. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina abhinandana grantha (prakAzaka) pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI,

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama bahuta saMkSipta hai / isameM anuSTup chanda meM racita mAtra 143 zloka haiM / isa choTe se kalevara meM racayitA ne yoga jaise gaMbhIra viSaya para saMkSepa meM jo prakAza DAlA hai, vaha vAstava meM gAgara-meM- sAgara bharane jaisA unakA upakrama hai| isa kRti kI bhASAzailI atyanta sarala hai, prasAdaguNa yukta hai, prabhAvaka evaM preraka hai / nemidAsa dvArA racita 'paMca parameSThI maMtrarAja dhyAnamAlA' meM isa racanA kA pataMjali racita 'yogadarzana' aura AcArya hemacaMdra ke 'yogazAstra' ke sAtha ullekha huA hai| isase yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki usa samaya yaha grantha jainayoga ke kSetra meM atipracalita rahA hogaa| grantha kI racanA evaM pratipAdana zailI ko dekhate hue aisA lagatA hai ki yaha maulika kRti nahIM hai| 'jJAnArNava', 'yogazAstra' Adi yogaviSayaka mahattvapUrNa granthoM ke AdhAra para yaha saMkSipta, sArabhUta saMgraha kRti hai / 'yogapradIpa' kA mukhya viSaya AtmasvarUpa kA darzana yA sAkSAtkAra hai / AtmA apane zuddha paramAtma bhAva ke rUpa meM kisa prakAra pariNata ho sakatI hai tathA sarvasaMkalpavarjita paramAnanda ko kaise prApta kara sakatI hai, isa viSaya kA isameM vizeSa rUpa se nirUpaNa huA hai| 'yogapradIpa' meM dhyAna : AtmA kI paramAtma bhAva kI dizA kI ora gatizIla AdhyAtmika yAtrA meM unmanI bhAva, samarasI bhAva, dhyAna, sAmAyika ityAdi kisa prakAra sahayogI bana sakate haiM, yaha pratipAdita huA hai| racanAkAra-saMgrAhaka ke samaya Adi ke saMbaMdha meM prAmANika rUpa se koI vizeSa aitihAsika sAmagrI prApta nahIM hotii| itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye AcArya hemacandra ke pazcAtavartI the / racanAkAra ne sAdhaka kA dhyAna dehavartI AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kI ora mor3ate hue likhA hai - jisakA darzana karane ke lie tIrtha - tIrtha meM loga ghUmate haiM vaha deva paramezvara apanI deha meM hI vidyamAna hai, use dekha nahIM sakate, usa ora dekhane kA loga prayAsa nahIM krte| jinakI buddhi meM ajJAna bharA hai ve sthAna-sthAna para devadarzana hetu jAte rahate haiM, vaha deva to unake zarIra meM hI AtmA ke rUpa meM saMpratiSThita hai, use nahIM dekha pAte / 53

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama AtmA apane zuddha svarUpa meM saba dhAtuoM se vinirmukta jJAnasvarUpa, niraJjana, nirAvaraNa, karmanirmukta hai, mokSa kI jo AkAMkSA karate haiM, unheM usI kA dhyAna karanA caahie| _santoSa rUpI amRta meM nimagna, sukha-du:kha kA parijJAtA, zatru-mitrabhAva se sarvathA aspRSTa sarvatra sadaiva samabhAva yukta, rAga-dveSa se parAGmukha, jJAnAtmaka divya prabhA rAzi se samAyukta, AdhyAtmika lakSmIyukta, zrImAn samasta jagat ke upakAraka, zAzvata Ananda evaM sukha se paripUrNa apanI AtmA kA hI dhyAna karanA caahie| nirmala zuddha sphaTika ke sadRza sarvajJatva rUpa guNa se vibhUSita, paramAtma guNopapanna apanI AtmA hI jJAnIjanoM ke lie dhyeya rUpa meM svIkAra karane yogya hai| mumukSujanoM dvArA SaTcakra, cAra pITha ityAdi samasta bAhya sAdhanopakaraNoM kA parityAga kara rUpavivarjita zuddha AtmA para hI apanA dhyAna ekAgra karanA caahie| dhyAna yoga ke abhyAsI sAdhaka isa prakAra dhyAna kA abhyAsa kara zarIra meM avasthita AtmA ke yathArtha svarUpa kA avalokana karate haiN| apanI deha meM vidyamAna kintu vastuta: dehavarjita paramapadArUr3ha sarvottama paramAtma pada para avasthita apanI niraJjana AtmA ko hI dhyeya Alambana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara dhyAna karanA caahie|120 lekhaka kA dRSTikoNa nitAnta AdhyAtmika yA vizuddha Atmaparaka rahA hai| ataeva unhoMne dhyAna kI usa bhUmikA kA vivecana meM saMsparza kiyA hai jahA~ laukika upAdAna gauNa ho jAte haiN| isIlie unhoMne SaTcakra Adi haThayoga nirUpita vidhAoM ko vizuddha evaM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se koI mahattva nahIM diyaa| AkAzarUpa AkAza kI jyoM apane Apa meM avasthita kalyANakArI hone se samasta jagat ke svAmI kriyA aura kAla Adi se atIta, sAMsArika sRSTi se unmukta, vilakSaNa sarvatejamaya, kevalajJAna se paripUrNa kevalAnanda meM samAzrita devoM dvArA pUjya vItarAga prabhu kevala dhyAna dvArA hI prApya haiN| 120. yogapradIpa zloka 9-16, 22 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 54 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ananta guNoM se AkIrNa-vyApta, sukhamaya, janma-maraNa rahita, devapUjya, mukti padArUr3ha siddha bhagavAna kA dhyAna karanA caahie|121 unhoMne Age aura ullekha kiyA hai ki yogavettA dvaitabhAva meM advaita ko sthApita kara antarAtmA aura paramAtmA, dhyAna aura dhyeya donoM ko eka rUpa meM pariniSThita kara paramAtmasvarUpa apanI AtmA kA ekAgrabhAva se cintana kareM, dhyAna kreN| vaha aisA cintana kare ki maiMne AdhyAtmika Ananda kA sAmrAjya prApta kara liyA hai| maiM kevalajJAnarUpa jyotirmaya bhAskara hU~, paramAtmasvarUpa huuN| saMsAra rUpI sAgara kA maiM parityAga kara cukA hU~, maiM niraJjana, sarvakarmAvaraNa rahita hU~, samasta loka ke agra bhAga meM avasthita paramAtma svarUpa huuN| jo AtmA ke dhyAna meM lIna hokara niraMjana nirvikAra paramAtmA kA darzana, sAkSAtkAra karatA hai usake netroM se Ananda ke azru girane lagate haiM aura ve AtmollAsa se romAMcita ho jAte haiN|122 racanAkAra ne Age aSTAMgapUrvaka pAtaMjalayoga kA ullekha karate hue kahA haiyama, niyama, karaNa-Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, samAdhi, dhAraNA aura dhyAna ye yoga ke ATha aMga haiN| jJAnijanoM ko cAhie ki ve inheM yathAvat rUpa meM smjheN| sampUrNa vidhipUrvaka yadi inakI ArAdhanA kI jAya to satpuruSoM, sAdhakoM ke lie ye mukti ke hetu bana sakate haiN|123 racanAkAra ne ATha yogAMgoM kI carcA karate hue dhyAna kA sabase anta meM varNana kiyA hai| dhAraNA kA samAdhi ke bAda varNana kiyA hai| yaha jo vyatikrama huA hai, usakA kAraNa chanda kI yathAvat vyavasthita rUpa meM sthApanA karanA hai| chanda kI racanA meM guru, laghu Adi ke bheda se jo krama hai, vaha yoga ke AThoM aMgoM ko kramaza: dene meM ghaTita nahIM hotaa| ata: inako Age, pIche karane kA Azaya granthakAra dvArA kiyA gayA kramabheda nahIM hai| 121. vahI, zloka 39-41 122. vahI, zloka 47-50 123. vahI, zloka 51-52 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 55 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama yoga ke AThoM aMgoM kA ullekha karane se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki granthakAra kI dRSTi vyApaka evaM samanvayAtmaka rahI hai| anta meM, unhoMne ina aMgoM kA sampUrNa vidhipUrvaka abhyAsa karane kA jo ullekha kiyA hai usakA Azaya yaha hai ki AdhyAtmika sAdhaka ina yogAMgoM kA apane Atmonnayana kI dRSTi se upayoga kare, vaisA karane se ye usake paramAtmabhAvonmukha sAdhanAkrama meM sahayogI siddha ho sakate haiN| unhoMne pUrvavarNita viSayoM ko aura adhika vaizadya dene hetu kahA hai, vahI dharma, vrata, dhyAna, tapa, yoga hai, vahI sAdhanAbhyAsa hai jahA~ mana meM saMkleza paidA na ho| yogI saMkalpa-vikalpavihIna, bAhya kAraNoM se rahita, dhAraNA aura dhyeya se yukta nirmala sthAna samAyukta, dhruva-zAzvata paramAtma pada para apane citta ko bhAvapUrvaka niyojita kre| yoM karane vAlA phira punarjanma ko prApta nahIM hotaa|124 dhyAnasAdhanA meM unmanI bhAva kA bar3A mahattva hai| ataeva racanAkAra ne isakA vizeSa rUpa se varNana kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai-mAnasika vyApAra se vimukta, sadaiva sAdhanA ke abhyAsa meM tallIna unmanI bhAva ko prApta sAdhaka paramapada ko prApta karatA hai| sAdhaka jaba viSayAsakti rahita ho jAtA hai, mana kA nirodha kara letA hai taba vaha unmanI bhAva ko prApta karatA hai jo parama pada kI prApti kA hetu hai| adhyAtma rasa meM lIna honA yoga kI bhASA meM samarasI bhAva hai| usakA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne kahA hai jahA~ dhyAtA aura dhyAna donoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai, donoM dhyeya meM aikya prApta kara lete haiM use unmanI bhAva kahA gayA hai, vahA~ mana kA ekIkaraNa siddha ho jAtA hai|125 __unmanI bhAvayukta citta jahA~ aura kucha bhI cintana nahIM karatA, vaha nirAkAra mahAsUkSma dhyAna kahA jAtA hai|126 ___dhyAna meM sAdhaka jAgRta rahe isalie unhoMne vizeSa rUpa se parijJApita kiyA hai ki AvaraNatulya sAMsArika viSaya-bhogoM se jinake jJAnarUpI netra AcchAdita haiM ve 124. vahI, 53-55 125. vahI, 63-65 126. vahI, 73 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 56 ~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama siddhi-mukti rUpI nagarI ke dvAra taka pahu~cAne vAle dhyAna kI sAdhanA nahIM kara skte| dhyAnayogI apane abhISTa viSayoM kI ora AkRSTa pA~coM indriyoM se apane mana ko khIMca letA hai, pRthak kara letA hai| jo indriyoM kA nirodha nahIM kara pAtA usake dhyAna nahIM sdhtaa| kaSAyoM kA zamana karane aura indriyoM ko jIta lene ke bAda sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha apane citta ko saMkalpavarjita bnaaye| dhyAna kA saMbaMdha mana ke sAtha hai, mana cala-acala hai, kabhI TikatA hai, kabhI daur3atA hai isalie use vaza meM karanA caahie| jisane mana ko vaza meM kara liyA mAnoM samasta jagat usakA vazavartI ho gyaa|127 __ dhyAna kI uttama phala niSpatti kA saMketa karate hue likhA hai ki nirAlambanaAlambana rahita, nirAkAra-AkAra rahita, amUrta, nitya Anandamaya zubha dhyAna rUpI prAsAda para ArUr3ha yogI kA sattva, svAtma svarUpa staMbha kI jyoM dRr3ha ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra agni ke lava-choTe se kaNa dvArA kATha kA bahuta bar3A Dhera jala jAtA hai usI prakAra dhyAna ke lava se karma rUpI IMdhana jala jAtA hai|128 isI kA Age aura vistAra karate hue kahA hai jaise kamalinI ke patte para svabhAvata: jala nahIM TikatA, jaise pAnI ke madhya meM sthita pASANa lipta nahIM hotA, jaise sphaTika raja se AcchAdita hone para bhI malina nahIM hotA, vaise hI uttama dhyAna meM rata sAdhaka pApoM se lipta nahIM hotaa|129 ___ dhyAna kI AdeyatA kA ullekha karate hue unhoMne kahA - paramAnaMdAspada sUkSma, apane anubhava se lakSya uttama, anAhatanAda kA sAdhaka dhyAna kre| yahA~ granthakAra ne haThayoga kI uccatama sAdhanA se labhya anAhatanAda kI ora saMketa kiyA hai jahA~ haThayogI divyanAda kA anubhava karate haiN| granthakAra kA Azaya yahA~ parama divya svarUpa kA guNana, anubhavana aura anuvyaMjana hai|130 127. vahI, 76, 77, 79 128. vahI, 100-101 129. vahI, 104-105 130. vahI, 115 wwwwwwwwwwwwwcom 57 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama unhoMne yathAprasaMga saMkSepa meM sthUla aura sUkSma ke bheda se svarUpa aura rUpAtIta dhyAnoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| anta meM, unhoMne likhA hai ki sAdhaka sthUla yA sUkSma, sAkAra-mUrta yA nirAkAra amUrta dhyeya para abhyAsa karatA hai, sthiratApUrvaka citta ko ekAgra karatA hai, aisA karane se dhyAna kI siddhi hotI hai| __'yogapradIpa'kAra ne apane grantha meM zuddha paramAtma svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai aura usI ke AdhAra para yA usakA avalambana lekara dhyAna karane kI preraNA dI hai| dhyAna kI, vizeSata: usakI phala-niSpatti Adi ke vivecana ke sAtha-sAtha unhoMne dhyAna meM vighna rUpa yA pratibandhaka banane vAle caMcala mana ko vaza meM karane kA tathA indriyoM kA una-una viSayoM se pRthak karane kA vizeSa rUpa se nirdeza diyA hai| unake anusAra aisA karane se hI dhyAna meM sajIvatA AtI hai| ___ dhyAnAbhyAsI sAdhakoM ke lie yaha kRti ni:sandeha bahuta hI preraNAspada hai| isake parizIlana se dhyAna ke prati mana meM AkarSaNa utpanna hotA hai tathA usameM utsAha pUrvaka saMlagna hone kI mAnasikatA banatI hai| dhyAna dIpikA : upAdhyAya zrI sakalacandra : - 'dhyAnadIpikA' ke praNetA zvetAmbara mandiramArgI paramparA ke antargata tapAgacchIya upAdhyAya zrI sakalacandra the| isameM saMskRta meM racita 204 zloka haiM, sAtha-sAtha meM tadviSayaka arddhamAgadhI gAthAyeM bhI haiN| aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki upAdhyAya zrI sakalacandra AcAryazrI dAnavijaya ke ziSya the| unhoMne tapAgaccha ke suprasiddha AcArya zrI hIra vijaya sUri se, jinhoMne mugala samrATa akabara ko apanI vidvattA evaM ucca jIvana caryA se prabhAvita kiyA thA, vidyAdhyayana kiyaa| AcArya zrI hIra vijaya sUri kA dehAvasAna vi.saM. 1652 meM huaa| aisA mAnA jAtA hai| dhyAna dIpikA ke racayitA upAdhyAya sakalacandra kA dehAnta unase pahale hI huaa| isa grantha ke antima zloka meM isake race jAne kA samaya vi.saM. 1621 sUcita kiyA gayA hai|131. 131. dhyAna dIpikA zloka 204, pR. 249 ~~~~~mmmmmmmmmm 58 mmmmmmmmm~~~~~~

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khaNDa : saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama upAdhyAya sakalacandra kI janma-bhUmi ke saMbaMdha meM aitihAsika dRSTi se prAmANika rUpa meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hai| dantakathA yA janazruti ke anusAra aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki ye gujarAta ke antargata sUrata ke nivAsI the| inakA janma vaizya jAti meM huaa| ye atyanta AtmArthI the| prasaMgavizeSa se prerita hokara inakA vairAgya bhAva jAgRta ho uThA, inhoMne zramaNa dIkSA svIkAra kara lii| ye uccakoTi ke mahAn sAdhaka the| dhyAna aura yoga inake priya viSaya the| 'dhyAna dIpikA' ke parizIlana aura paryavekSaNa se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha upAdhyAya sakalacandra kI sarvathA svataMtra racanA ho, aisA nahIM hai| isameM jo arddhamAgadhI kI gAthAe~ AyI haiM ve adhikAMzata: AcArya haribhadrasUri racita 'yogazataka' se lI gaI haiN| saMskRta ke katipaya zloka AcArya hemacandra ke 'yogazAstra' aura zubhacaMdra ke 'jJAnArNava' se liye gaye haiN| bAkI ke zloka inake dvArA racita haiM, yaha dekhate hue ise eka saMkalanAtmaka grantha kahA jA sakatA hai| dhyAna dIpikA' meM dhyAna saMbaMdhI vivaraNa: ___'dhyAnadIpikA' meM dhyAna kI Avazyaka bhUmikA ke rUpa meM jJAna bhAvanA, darzana bhAvanA, cAritra bhAvanA aura vairAgya bhAvanA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt anityAdi bAraha bhAvanAoM kA vivecana hai| phira inhoMne mumukSuoM ko unake hita kI zikSA pradAna karate hue batalAyA hai ki yadi kAkatAlIya nyAya se uttama guNayukta manuSya jIvana prApta ho gayA ho to vyakti ko sadaiva use mokSamUlaka sAdhanoM dvArA saphala karanA 16ORDPARDA . . / caahie|132 kAkatAlIya nyAya saMskRta meM udAharaNoM ke rUpa meM prayukta vidhAoM meM se eka hai| jaise koI kauA tAr3a ke vRkSa para baitthaa| jyoMhI usakA baiThanA huA, tAr3a kA phala gira gyaa| sAtha kauA bhI gira par3A, aisA kabhI saMbhAvita nahIM thA kintu saMyogavaza ho gyaa| manuSya jIvana bhI isI prakAra kA hai| karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya mokSa hai| vaha jJAna aura cAritra se hotA hai| jJAna nirmala ujjvala dhyAna se hI prApta hotA hai| isa kAraNa jo mokSapatha ke pathika haiM unake lie dhyAna bar3A hitakArI hai| samyakjJAna 132. vahI, 45 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 59 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama P se karmakSaya ke pariNAma svarUpa mokSa hotA hai, vaha dhyAna dvArA sAdhya granthakAra ne Age kahA hai ki apanI AtmA ke prayojana parama lakSya kI siddhi ke lie saMyamI sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha dharma dhyAna svIkAra kre| 134 dhyAna rUpI sudhArasa kA pAna karane kI preraNA dete hue Age unhoMne likhA hai ki asat kalpanAoM se paripUrNa artha - prayojana ko parityAga kara mumukSuoM ne dharmadhyAna ko samAzrita kiyA, jo samasta guNoM kA saMsthAna Azraya hai| " janmamaraNa Adi ko svIkAra kara dharmadhyAna meM abhirata bno| avidyA ke andhakAra kA parityAga kara mohanidrA ko chor3akara doSoM kA varjana kara sthira hokara dhyAna rUpI amRta rasa kA pAna karoM / / 135 dhyAna ke adhikArI yA pAtra kA varNana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki saMyamI muni hI prAyaH dhyAtA, dhyAna kA adhikArI ho sakatA hai, gRhI nahIM hotA kyoMki parigraha Adi meM nimagna hone ke kAraNa usakA citta caMcala rahatA hai| ve likhate haiM kharasyApi hi kiM zRGgaM khapuSpamathavA bhavet / tathAMganAdisaktAnAM narANAM kva sthiraM manaH // 133 isake Age unhoMne likhA hai ki gardabha ke sIMga honA, AkAza meM puSpa honA kadAcit saMbhava ho jAya kintu aMganAdi meM Asakta gRhIjanoM kA mana dhyAna meM sthira nahIM ho sakatA / 'dharma dIpikA' kA yaha zloka 'jJAnArNava' ke nimnAMkita zloka se tulanIya hai khapuSpamathavAzrRMgaM, kharasyApi pratIyate ! na punardezakAle'pi dhyAna siddhirgRhAzrame // dhyAnadIpikAkAra ne AcArya zubhacandra dvArA vyakta kiye gaye bhAva ko zabdAntara dvArA prakaTa kiyA hai| tathAkathita sAdhuveSadhArI dhyAna karane kA pradarzana karate haiM, unakA dhyAna kadApi zuddha nahIM hotA isa tathya ko udghATita karate hue unhoMne likhA hai 133. vahI, 46-47 134. vahI, 5.2.48 135. vahI, 52.54 60

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khaNDa : saptama ki jo sadAcAra se bhraSTa haiM, pravaMcanA dvArA logoM ko Thagate haiM, jo kevala sAdhuliMga yA bheSa dhAraNa kiye rahate haiM unake dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna zuddhiparaka nahIM hotA / jinakA citta sadA vibhrAnta rahatA hai unakI kutsita ceSTAoM ko to dekho| jo saMyata kA rUpa dhAraNa karate hue apanA saMsAra - bhavabhramaNa bar3hA rahe haiM, unakA mAnavajanma pAnA niSphala hai| 136 jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ~~ AcArya zubhacandra ne 'jJAnArNava' meM isI viSaya ko bar3e vistAra ke sAtha kahA hai jisakA ina zlokoM meM saMkSepa meM sAra saMgRhIta huA hai| Age unhoMne likhA hai ki Atmadharma kA mUla dhyAna hI hai, vahI mokSa kA sAdhana hai kintu azubha dhyAna heya hai jise mithyAvAdI jana pradarzita karate haiM / 137 dhyAna ko paribhASita evaM vyAkhyAyita karate hue unhoMne likhA hai - jinezvara bhagavantoM ne ekAgracintA -nirodha ko dhyAna kahA hai / dRr3ha saMyamI muni ko bhI antarmuhUrta mAtra dhyAna hotA hai, chadyasthoM ko hone vAlA dhyAna bhI antarmuhUrta paryanta TikatA hai| vItarAga prabhu ke yoganirodha dhyAna hotA hai, vaha karmasamUha kA ghAtaka yA nAzaka hotA hai / cintana ko ekAgra karanA kisI eka dhyeya para rokanA dhyAna hai| usake atirikta mana kI avasthAe~ bhAvanA haiM athavA padArtha vizeSa ke cintana rUpa anuprekSaNa dhyAnasaMtAna-dhyAna kA tAnA-bAnA kahA gayA hai| 138 tatpazcAt Artta evaM raudra dhyAna kA varNana karate hue unake aniSTayogaja, iSTaviyogaja, rogArta tathA viyogArta cAra bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| dharma dhyAna ke svarUpa kA varNana karane se pUrva granthakAra ne tanmUlaka pRSThabhUmi ke rUpa meM apane preraka udgAra prakaTa kiye haiN| unhoMne likhA hai - duSTa doSapUrNa anuSThAna, dUSita AcAra se virata saMyamI sAdhaka mana kI zuddhi ke lie zama, prazAnta bhAva rUpa sAgara meM praveza kara yoga ke AThoM aMgoM kA cintana kre| 139 136. vahI, 59-60 137. vahI, 61 138. vahI, 64-66 139. vahI, 97 61

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AcArya hemacandra, yogapradIpakAra va sakalacandragaNi ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasambandhI nirdeza khaNDa : saptama pataMjali ke aSTAMga yoga kA kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM ullekha prAya: paravartI jaina lekhakoM ne kiyA hai, kintu usake upapAdana meM unakA apanA jaina siddhAntAnurUpa viziSTa dRSTikoNa rahA hai| dhyAnadIpikA'kAra ko haThayoga mUlaka sAdhanA meM koI vizeSa AsthA evaM abhiruci nahIM thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne prANAyAma ko prapaJca rUpa, deha aura hRdaya ke lie klezakArI batalAte hue jJAnIjanoM ke liye anAdRta kahA hai|140 indriyaarthanirodhamUlaka pratyAhAra 41 va dhAraNA kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA hai- jJAnIjanoM dvArA parabrahmAtma rUpa dhyeya vastu meM athavA guNIjanoM ke sadguNoM meM, artha Adi ke aMga rUpa dhyeya meM apane lalATa, netra, mukha para mana ko lIna kiyA jAtA hai, use dhAraNA kahA jAtA hai|142 'yogasUtra' meM dhAraNA ko paribhASita karate hue kahA hai- apane deha ke kisI aMga vizeSa athavA sUrya, caMdra, tArA Adi kinhIM bAhya padArthoM meM se kisI eka para citta ko TikAnA dhAraNA hai| yahA~ upAdhyAya sakalakIrticandra ne citta ko ekadeza para TikAne meM parabrahma ke svarUpa, guNiyoM ke guNa, arhat Adi ke aMgAdi ko bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| isakA kAraNa unakA adhyAtmaparaka dRSTikoNa hai| sAdhAraNata: dhAraNA viSayaka zlokoM ko dekhane se sahasA yaha bhrama hotA hai ki inameM dhyAna kI paribhASA dI gaI hai yA dhAraNA kii| sUkSmatayA paryavekSaNa karane se yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki yadyapi dhyeya vastu ke rUpa meM parabrahma ke svarUpa Adi ko bhI liyA gayA hai kintu vahA~ mana kI lInatA pratyekatAnatA ekAgratA rUpa nahIM hai ataeva vaha dhyAna se pahale kI sthiti hai| tadanantara dharmadhyAna, zukladhyAna ke bhedoM kA saMketa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki yogI pApabhoga se virata hokara dhyAna kA Azraya le|143 140. vahI, 100 141. vahI, 102 142. vahI, 103-104 143. vahI, 105 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 62 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: saptama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dharma ke sahAyaka ke rUpa meM maitrI Adi cAra bhAvanAoM kA vizeSa rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai|144 dhyAna meM sAdhaka kisa prakAra sthita ho, isakA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki dhyAna-abhyAsI pUrva yA uttara kI ora mukha kara dhyAna hetu sthita ho| dhyAna ke samaya meM usakA mukha suprasanna rahe, mana meM dhairya yA sahiSNutA rhe|145 phira piNDastha dhyAna, tatsaMbaMdhI dhAraNAyeM padastha, rUpastha evaM rUpAtIta dhyAna kA unhoMne varNana kiyA hai jisameM AcArya zubhacandra aura AcArya hemacandra kI praticchAyA hai| tatpazcAt dharmadhyAna, zukladhyAna ke bhedoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai jo jaina saiddhAntika paramparAnugata hai| yaha grantha saMkalanAtmaka hai, phira bhI granthapraNetA ne vibhinna viSayoM ke pratipAdana meM jo apane zloka upasthApita kiye haiM, prastutIkaraNa kI dRSTi se ve mahattvapUrNa haiN| - - - - - 144. vahI, 106-107 145. vahI, 117 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 63 ~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama (khaNDa: - aSTama) yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA PAAAdalikADARAN upAdhyAya yazovijaya adhyAtmasAra adhyAtmopaniSad jJAnasAra Anandaghana Anandaghana padAvalI anya pada ETUPTA * HADADRINA

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa:- aSTama yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke 4. sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama upAdhyAya yazovijaya : upAdhyAya yazovijaya jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM eka aise ucca koTi ke vidvAn hue jinhoMne vividha viSayoM para apanI lekhanI calAI / upalabdha pramANoM ke AdhAra para upAdhyAya yazovijaya kA janma gujarAta meM huA thA / unakA janmasthAna kanIdA grAma hai jo mehasAnA aura pATana ke bIca vidyamAna hai / inake pitA kA nAma nArAyaNa tathA mAtA kA nAma zobhAgade thaa| inakA bacapana kA nAma jasavaMta thA / inake bhAI kA nAma padmasiMha thA / mugalasamrAT akabara ke pratibodhaka AcAryazrI hIravijaya sUri kI ziSya paramparA meM nayavijaya nAmaka muni the| unase prabhAvita hokara donoM bhAiyoM ne unakA sAnnidhya prApta kiyaa| R vi.saM. 1688 meM AcArya zrI hIravijaya sUri ke prapaTTadhara AcArya zrI vijaya deva sUri ke pAsa donoM bhAI pravrajita hue / krama se unake nAma yazovijaya, padmavijaya rakhe gaye / yazovijaya kI buddhi atyanta prakhara thI / ataH unheM vidyAdhyayana karane ke lie vidyAnagarI kAzI bhejA gyaa| unhoMne vahA~ tIna varSa rahakara SaDdarzana, prAcIna nyAya evaM navya nyAya, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya ityAdi viSayoM kA gahana adhyayana kiyA / vi.saM. 1718 meM AcArya zrI vijayaprabha sUri ne inako upAdhyAya pada se alaMkRta kiyaa| upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne anekAntavyavasthA, jainatarkabhASA, jJAna-bindu, nayapradIpa, nayarahasya, nayopadeza, syAdvAda kalpalatA, adhyAtmamata- parIkSA Adi aneka granthoM kI racanA kI / inake atirikta unhoMne 32 padoM meM 32 dvAtriMzikAoM kI racanA kI / unameM se 21 vIM, 22 vIM evaM 24 vIM dvAtriMzikAoM meM unhoMne AcArya haribhadra sUri praNIta 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' meM nirUpita ATha dRSTiyoM kA vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| unhoMne 2

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AcArya haribhadra sUri racita yogaviMzikA, Sor3azaka Adi para bhI TIkAoM kI racanA kii| vi.saM. 1743 meM unhoMne samAdhimaraNa prApta kiyaa| upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne yoga kA gahana evaM vyApaka adhyayana kiyA thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne jainayoga ko naI udbhAvanA dii| unake dvArA racita adhyAtmasAra, adhyAtmopaniSad evaM jJAnasAra jaisI mahattvapUrNa racanAe~ isI kA pariNAma haiN| eka mahattvapUrNa ullekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki unhoMne maharSi pataMjali dvArA racita 'yogasUtra' para bhI TIkA likhii| 'yogasUtra' ke katipaya sUtroM kA unhoMne jaina yoga ke sAtha samanvaya karate hue apanI vilakSaNa pratibhA aura svAnubhUti kA paricaya diyaa| adhyAtmasAra: adhyAtmasAra meM granthakAra ne dhyAna ke svarUpa Adi kA vivecana kiyA hai| unhoMne dhyAna aura bhAvanA kA antara spaSTa karate hue likhA hai- sthira adhyavasAyasthira citta dhyAna hai arthAt citta kI sthiratA, pUrNa ekAgratA dhyAna kA lakSaNa hai| jo citta sthira nahIM hotA, eka kendrabindu se dUsare kendrabindu para AtA jAtA rahatA hai vaha bhAvanA, anuprekSA, yA cintA hai, isako aura adhika spaSTa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki eka Alambana para antarmuharta paryanta mana kA sthira yA ekAgra rahanA dhyAna hai| unake padArthoM yA AlambanoM para saMkramaNa karate hue jo avicchinna dhyAnAtmaka sthiti hotI hai, use dhyAnasaMtati kahA jAtA hai| tatpazcAt unhoMne Arta, raudra, dharma aura zukla dhyAnoM tathA unake bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| ArtadhyAna meM kApota, nIla aura kRSNa lezyAoM ke hone kA ullekha kiyA hai| kApota lezyA ke antargata kama kliSTa pariNAma hote haiN| nIla lezyA meM kApota lezyA kI apekSA adhika kliSTa pariNAma hote haiN| kRSNa lezyA meM nIla lezyA kI apekSA aura adhika kliSTa pariNAma hote haiN| 1. 2. 3. adhyAtmasAra gA. 1 vahI, gA. 2 vahI, gA. 6

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama tadanantara unhoMne dhyAna ke liMgoM arthAt pahacAna rUpa cihnoM kA varNana kiyA hai| Arta raudra dhyAna kI heyatA kA varNana karate hue unhoMne kahA hai- ye donoM dhyAna aprazasta haiN| inakA pariNAma bahuta hI du:khada hai| phira bhI ye cira paricita haiM, sahaja hI manuSya kI pravRtti inakI ora calI jAtI hai| isalie sAdhaka adhyavasAya yA abhyAsa se prazasta dhyAna ke sopAna para ArohaNa kre| dhyAnayogI deza, kAla, Asana, Alambana, anukrama, dhyAtavya, dhyAnayogya kendrabindu, dhyAtA, anuprekSA, lezyA, liMga, phala Adi kA jJAna prApta kara inheM bhalIbhA~ti samajhane ke pazcAt dharmadhyAna meM pravRtta bne| dhyAna ke sandarbha meM jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura vairAgya nAmaka cAra bhAvanAoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ina cAroM bhAvanAoM ke abhyAsa se kramaza: nizcalatA evaM asammoha kI pravRtti hotI hai, pUrvArjita karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai, saMga-Asakti, AzaMsA tathA bhaya kA uccheda yA nAza hotA hai| isa prasaMga meM zrImadbhagavadgItA ke chaThe adhyAya ke 36,37,38 veM zloka ko uddhRta kiyA hai jahA~ gItAkAra ne mana kI caMcalatA, pramathanazIlatA, balavattA aura dRr3hatA kA varNana karate hue use vaza meM kara pAnA vaisA hI duSkara aura durgama batAyA hai jaisA vAyu ko niyaMtrita kara paanaa| vaha durnivAra, durnigraha mana abhyAsa aura vairAgya se hI vaza meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| granthakAra ne Age likhA hai ki sAdhaka apane mana ko bAhya artha se arthAt Atmetara padArthoM se nivRtta kre| sAMsArika viSayoM ke prati vitRSNA kA bhAva svIkAra karane se uparyukta bhAvanAoM dvArA bhAvita AtmA meM ve bAteM ghaTita hotI haiM jo use nirmala aura zuddha banAtI haiM, dhyAna ke yogya pRSThabhUmi pradAna karatI haiN|' dharmadhyAna ke lie upayukta sthAna kA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai jahA~ yogoM kA arthAt mana-vacana-kAya kA samAdhAna ho, yogAnukUla sthiti yA vAtAvaraNa ho, vahI samaya aura sthAna dhyAna ke lie abhISTa hai| dhyAnayogI ke lie dina-rAta Adi samayavizeSa kA koI nirdhAraNa nahIM hai| Asana ke sambandha meM inakA 4. vahI, gA. 17 T. 18-20 6. vahI, gA. 25

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama abhimata hai ki jisa avasthA yA Asana se abhyasta ho, jisakA bhalI-bhA~ti abhyAsa kiyA ho, jisameM dhyAna kA upaghAta na ho, dhyAna meM bAdhA upasthita na ho usI Asana se sAdhaka khar3e, baiThe yA sote hue dhyAna kara sakatA hai| sabhI deza, kAla aura avasthAoM meM saMyamI sAdhakoM ne kevalajJAna prApta kiyA hai| isalie dhyAna meM bhI dezakAla Adi kA koI pratibandha nahIM hai| yoga kI susthiratA hI ekamAtra zarta hai| jahA~ manoyoga sthiratA prApta kare vahI upayukta hai| dhyAna ke lie vAcanA, pRcchA, AvRtti, cintana, kriyA aura Alambana ye Avazyaka haiN|' dhyAna para ArohaNa karane ke lie yahA~ jina-jina ke abhyAsa ko Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai una para cintana karane se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki upAdhyAya yazovijaya dhyAna se pUrva tattvAbhyAsa ko Avazyaka mAnate the| zAstra ke artha ko asaMdigdha banAne hetu pRcchA, usakI sthiratA hetu AvRtti, sUkSma artha ko AtmasAt karane hetu anucintana Avazyaka hai| sadjJAna ke anurUpa jIvana meM sat kriyAzIlatA bhI ho, yaha bhI Avazyaka hai| jaise majabUta yaSTikA Adi Alambana ke sahAre puruSa viSama-Ubar3a khAbar3a sthAna para bhI ArohaNa kara sakatA hai, usI prakAra sUtra Adi ke Alambana ko lekara yogI uttama dhyAna rUpI maMjila para ArUr3ha ho sakatA hai| yahA~ Alambana zabda kA prayoga dhyAna ko jisa dhyeyabindu para ekAgra kiyA jAya usa artha meM nahIM hai kintu sahAre yA sahayoga ke artha meM hai| Alambana kA Adara karane se rucipUrvaka use sAdha lene se dhyAna meM Ane vAle vighna naSTa ho jAte haiN| dhyAna rUpI parvata para ArohaNa karate hue yogI kA patana nahIM hotaa| bhayAna ke cAra bhedoM kA nirUpaNa : granthakAra ne AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna para AdhArita dharmadhyAna ke bhedoM ko sUcita kiyA hai| AjJA kA vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai - naya, bhaMga tathA . pramANa se samRddha-siddha hetuoM tathA udAharaNoM se yukta apramANa ke kalaMka se virahita jinendra deva kI AjJA kA dhyAna karanA caahie| yaha dharmadhyAna kA AjJA-vicaya nAmaka prathama bheda hai| 7. vahI, gA. 28-31 8. vahI, gA. 32-33 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwws 5 Mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: aSTama rAga-dveSa, kaSAya Adi se pIr3ita prANI aihika aura pAralaukika vividha prakAra ke kaSTa pA rahe haiN| isa para ekAgratayA cintana karanA, apane cintana ko kendrita karanA apAyavicaya nAmaka dUsarA bheda hai| bhinna-bhinna yogoM ke prabhAva se utpanna prakRtibandha Adi cAra prakAra ke bandhoM ke karmoM ke zubha yA azubha vipAka para ekAgracintana karanA dharmadhyAna kA vipAkavicaya nAmaka tIsarA bheda hai| utpAda, vyaya evaM dhrauvya yukta dravya tathA paryAyoM se parivyApta lokAkAza kA cintana karanA saMsthAna vicaya nAmaka cauthA dharma dhyAna hai| sAdhaka yaha anucintana kare ki AtmA hI isa loka meM apane karmoM kA kartA aura bhoktA hai| tattvata: yaha AtmA rUpa rahita, nAza rahita hai| usakA lakSaNa upayoga hai| __yaha saMsAra-sAgara atyanta duSkara hai| yaha jIva ke aneka janmoM ke karmoM ke pariNAma svarUpa janma, vRddhAvasthA aura mRtyu rUpI pAnI se bharA huA hai| usameM moharUpI bar3e-bar3e Avarta yA bha~vara haiN| yaha karma vipAka rUpI bar3avAgni ke kAraNa atyanta bhayaMkara hai| bhoga-tRSNA rUpI AzAoM ke atyanta pracaNDa vAyu se Andolita hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha rUpa cAra pAtAla kalazoM se usameM jala uchala rahA hai| yaha pApa rUpI samudra hiMsA Adi azubha vikalpa rUpI taraMgoM se vyApta hai| isake kAraNa hRdaya meM indriyaviSayoM se janita vikAroM kA mahAprabhAva uTha rahA hai jisase yaha durgama, dustIrNa ho gayA hai| viSaya-sukha kI abhilASA rUpI latAoM kI paramparA se yukta isameM jvAra uThatA hai| isakA viSaya-vAsanA rUpI udara-madhya bhAga karor3oM upAyoM se bhI pUrNa na ho sake aisA hai| isake Upara durdinavat yaha ajJAna bAdaloM sadRza AcchAdita hai| vividha prakAra kI vipatti-Apatti rUpa bijaliyoM ke girane se yaha atyanta bhayotpAdaka hai| durAgraha rUpI duSTa vAyu usa para gatizIla hai jisase hRdaya kA~pa uThatA hai, vividha vyAdhiyoM evaM roga rUpI matsyoM, kacchapoM se yaha vyApta hai| rAga-dveSa-moha Adi doSarUpI parvatoM ke kAraNa yaha atyanta durgama, dustara evaM durlaMghya hai| isa prakAra ke atyanta bhayaMkara saMsArasAgara kA ekAgracita hokara cintana karanA isa dhyAna ke antargata hai|' 9. vahI, gA. 35-45 -

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khaNDa: aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sAdhaka phira apane cintana ko isa prakAra Age bar3hAye ki saMsAra-sAgara ko pAra karane ke lie cAritra rUpI jahAja meM jJAnIjana baiTheM to ve use pAra kara mokSanagara taka pahu~ca sakate haiN| vaha cAritra rUpI jalayAna saMsAra rUpI samudra ko tairane ke lie, use pAra karane ke lie eka mAtra upAya hai| samyaktva usa jalayAna kA atyanta zaktizAlI bandhana hai| vaha jalayAna bhagna na ho jAye, TUTa na jAye isake lie isameM aThAraha sahasra zIlAMga-AcAra rUpI kATha ke takhte lage haiN| jJAna rUpI niryAmaka-samudra ke mArga ke jJAtA puruSa usameM saMlagna haiN| 57 bheda yukta saMvara dvArA Asravasrota banda kara diye gaye haiM, jisase nUtana karmarUpI jala usameM praveza nahIM kara pA rahA hai| samasta dizA-vidizAoM meM manogupti Adi tIna guptiyoM se vaha surakSita hai, jisase vaha jalayAna zIghratApUrvaka gatizIla ho Age bar3ha rahA hai| vaha jJAnAcAra Adi AcAra rUpI maNDapoM tathA vizrAmasthaloM se vibhUSita hai| usa jalayAna kI apavAda evaM utsarga mArga rUpI do maMjileM haiN| usameM zubha adhyavasAya rUpI yoddhA niyukta haiM jo dussaha moha rUpI zatruoM se bhI roke nahIM jA skte| dvAdaza prakAra ke tapazcaraNa rUpI anukUla vAyu se karma rUpI raja kA haraNa kiye jAne se utpanna saMvega, mokSAbhilASa rUpa upAya meM pravRtta hone se saMsAra ke prati audAsInya rUpa mArga meM pravRtta, cAritra rUpI jalayAna meM baiThe hue puruSa jagat ke jIvoM ke lie hitaiSI hone hetu zubha, anityAdi bhAvanA rUpI bar3I-bar3I peTiyoM meM rakSA hetu prayatna pUrvaka zubha mana rUpI ratnoM ko rakhe hue nirvighnatA pUrvaka mukti rUpI nagara ko prApta karate haiN|10 AlaMkArika bhASA meM loka-saMsthAna ke dhyAna kA yaha bar3A hI sundara aura udbodhaka rUpa hai| loka ko rUpaka alaMkAra dvArA dustara samudra ke rUpa meM Aropita kara cAritra rUpI jalayAna dvArA use pAra karane kA jo sAMgopAMga vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vaha kAvyazAstra ke anusAra sAMgarUpaka kA atyanta sundara udAharaNa hai| samudra kI vikarAlatA, bhayAnakatA sAdhaka ko pApapUrNa jIvana se haTAkara dharmAnuprANita dhyAnasAdhanAjIvana kI ora agrasara hone kI preraNA pradAna karatA hai| tatpazcAt vidvAn granthakAra ne rUpaka ke mAdhyama se dharmarAja aura moharAja ke yuddha kA citraNa kiyA hai| kyoMki moha ko jIte binA dhyAnasAdhanA meM saphalatApUrvaka Age bar3hanA bahuta hI kaThina hai| 10. vahI, gA. 46-50

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA jaise do rAjA apanI sAja-sajjA ke sAtha yuddha karate haiM, usI prakAra ina donoM kA yuddha hotA hai / anta meM dharmarUpI rAjA dvArA moharUpI rAjA apane donoM putroM - dveSa rUpI gajendra, rAga rUpI mRgendra sahita mAra DAlA jAtA hai / 11 dharmarAja dvArA moharAja ko yoM parAjita kara diye jAne para saMyamI sAdhaka rUpI vyApArI atyanta Anandita hote haiM aura sAMsArika vyApAriyoM kI taraha ve kRtArtha hote hue apane dharmArAdhanA rUpa vyApAra meM saMlagna ho jAte haiN| 12 granthakAra ne dharma dhyAna ke bhedoM kA jo atyanta pAMDityapUrNa vivecana kiyA hai vaha bar3A hI vilakSaNa hai| vaha kevala vastuparaka nahIM hai apitu atyanta preraNAparaka sphUrtiprada bhI hai| khaNDa : aSTama dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA kA varNana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki jisa yogI kA mana evaM indriyA~ vikAra rahita ho gaye hoM vahI zAnta dAnta sAdhaka dharmadhyAna kA dhyAtA prakIrtita huA hai| 13 yahA~ dhyAtA ke lie prakIrtita zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, vaha bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa hai, prakRSTA kIrtiH prakIrtiH tayAH yuktaH prakIrtitaH / yaha zabda prazastatA kA dyotaka hai| ina guNoM se yukta puruSa prazasta yA uttama koTi kA dhyAtA hotA hai / granthakAra ne yahA~ gItAkAra dvArA vyAkhyAta sthitaprajJa ko smaraNa kiyA hai aura kahA hai ki vaise dhyAtA meM ve saba guNa phalita ho jAte haiM jo sthitaprajJatva ke sAtha jur3e haiM / 14 zukladhyAna ke Alambana kA varNana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai - kSAnti, kSamAzIlatA, mRdutA, RjutA, nispRhatA se yukta chadmastha saMyamI sAdhaka paramANu para apanA mana lagAkara zukla dhyAna svIkAra kare, kintu vItarAga kevalI mana kA nirodha kara zukladhyAna karate haiM / ' 15 11. vahI, gA. 51-59 12. vahI, gA. 60 13. vahI, gA. 62 14. vahI, gA. 63 15. vahI, gA. 73 8

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama phira unhoMne zukla dhyAna ke bhedoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| zukla dhyAna meM kinakina lezyAoM kA kisa prakAra samAveza banatA hai, use udghATita karate hue unhoMne likhA hai ki zukla dhyAna ke pahale do bhedoM meM zukla lezyA hotI hai / tRtIya bheda meM parama zukla lezyA hotI hai| caturtha bheda meM jinezvara deva lezyA rahita hote haiM / ' 16 isa adhikAra ke anta meM unhoMne likhA hai ki jo bhagavAna kI AjJAnurUpa dhyAna ke zuddha krama ko jAna letA hai usakA abhyAsa karatA hai vaha samagra adhyAtma kA vettA ho jAtA hai / IN dhyAnastuti : upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne dhyAna kA zuddha svarUpa, abhyAsa prakriyA, bheda Adi kA vistRta vivecana karane ke pazcAt isa adhikAra meM dhyAna kI vareNyatA yA stavanIyatA kA vivecana kiyA hai| usameM niSNAta aura saphala ho jAne para sAdhaka ko jo AdhyAtmika upalabdhi hotI hai, vaha vAstava meM atyanta mahanIya hai| adhikAra ke prArambha meM hI unhoMne likhA hai ki jaba sAdhaka dhyAna yoga meM para - paripAka - utkRSTa paripakvatA yA siddhi prApta kara letA hai taba vaha indra ke pada ko bhI tRNa tulya samajhatA hai| ataeva AtmaprakAzamaya, Anandabodhamaya evaM bhavabhramaNa vinAzaka dhyAna kA sevana karanA caahie| asthira, ajJa puruSoM dvArA bhI viSayoM kA pratyakSa rUpa meM to AsAnI se parityAga kiyA jA sakatA hai kintu una viSayoM meM vidyamAna rAga yA rasa kA unake dvArA tyAga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| dhyAnayogI hI paramadyuti - paramAtma prakAza kA darzana karane ke kAraNa AtmatRpta hote haiM / ataH ve rAga ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiM / ' 7 16. vahI, gA. 82 17. vahI, gA. 5.17.1-2 granthakAra ne yahA~ tyAga kA bar3A hI mArmika vizleSaNa kiyA hai / bhogya padArthoM ko chor3anA mAtra yathArtha rUpa meM tyAga kI bhUmi kA sparza nahIM karatA, jaba taka una viSayoM ke prati vyakti ke mana meM rAga yA rasAtmakatA banI rahatI hai kyoMki aisA hone ke kAraNa ve parityakta viSaya samaya pAkara phira ubhAra pA lete haiM aura vyakti patana ke 9

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama garta meM gira par3atA hai| isalie viSayAvartI rAga yA rasa kA parityAga hI vAstavika tyAga hai| yaha tabhI sadhatA hai jaba dhyAna dvArA sAdhaka Atmajyoti rUpa prakAza pA letA hai aura adhyAtma ke rasa kA AsvAda pA letA hai| AdhyAtmika tRpti, sukha yA Ananda bar3A vilakSaNa hai, zabdoM dvArA use vyAkhyAta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| vaha to gUMge kA gur3a hai, anirvacanIya hai| dhyAna kI hI yaha phala niSpatti hai ki vaha sAdhaka ko adhyAtma ke divya rasa kA anubhoktA banA detA hai| unhoMne bar3e hI sacoTa zabdoM meM Age kahA hai- jisa gUr3ha rahasya ko prakaTa karane meM sUrya-candra, tAre aura dIpakoM kI jyoti ke lie bhI avakAza nahIM hai, ye bhI jise prakaTa nahIM kara sakate vaha rahasya una sAdhakoM ke lie suprakaTita hai jo dhyAna dvArA ajJAnAMdhakAra kA bhedana kara Atmajyoti kA sAkSAtkAra kara lete haiN|18 dhyAna vaha mitra hai jo cirakAla se viyoga prApta zamabhAvAnurati rUpa preyasI ko zIghra hI milA detA hai| isalie sAdhaka ke lie to vahI mitra hitakara hai, saMsAra ke kRtrima mitroM se use kyA prApta hogaa| prastuta zloka meM Atmajyoti kI divyatA, projjvalatA aura prakRSTatA kA jo ullekha huA hai usI ke prabhAva se sAdhaka adhyAtma ke gUr3ha rahasya ko svAyatta kara sakatA hai| atyanta ucca dhyAnarUpI prAsAda meM prazama rUpI palaMga para sthita sAdhaka parama Ananda kA anubhava karatA hai| vaha prAsAda aisA hai jahA~ kAma ke bala rUpI AlApa kA saMcAra avaruddha hai tathA jahA~ zIla rUpI zItala sugaMdha parivyApta hai|19 ___ isa varNana krama ko Age bar3hAte hue kahA hai- dhyAna rUpI prAsAda meM vyakta rUpa meM AhUta-AmaMtrita pavitra uttama mahAn atithi AtmA kI pUjA-satkAra zIla rUpI Asana se dama rUpI caraNodaka-caraNa prakSAlana ke jala se prAtibhabhAva-svAbhAvika yA AdhyAtmika samatArUpI madhuparka dvArA pUjA-arcanA niSpAdita hotI hai|20 18. vahI, gA. 5.17.7-8 19. vahI, gA. 5.17.9 20. vahI, gA. 5.17-10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : aSTama P bhAratavarSa meM Atithya kA bar3A mahattva rahA hai| jaba koI bhI atithi kahIM AtA hai to usakA satkAra - sammAna kiyA jAtA hai / use baiThane hetu Asana diyA jAtA hai, usake caraNa prakSAlita kiye jAte haiM aura madhuparka bheMTa kiyA jAtA hai / granthakAra ne pUjA yogya padArthoM ko bar3e hI sundara rUpa meM rUpaka ke AdhAra para AdhyAtmika DhA~ce meM DhAlA hai| AtmA rUpI atithi kA to zIla, zuddha ziSTAcAra, zuddhAcAra, damanazIlatA, titikSA, AdhyAtmika ullAsa Adi uttama bhAvoM dvArA hI pUjana kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyAnayogI apanI dhyAna rUpI ekAgratA meM mahAn atithi ke rUpa meM zuddha AtmabhAva ko svIkRta kara usake pavitra guNoM ke smaraNa cintana - anucintana dvArA anuprANita hotA hai| AtmA aura paramAtmA meM abhedabuddhi kI anubhUti karAne hetu granthakAra ne Age isa prakAra varNana kiyA hai- AtmA aura paramAtmA meM jo bhedabuddhijanita vivAda utpanna huA, dhyAna rUpI saMdhikartA ne avilamba hI use dUra kara donoM meM abheda ekatva karavA diyA | 21 do rAjAoM meM, viziSTa janoM meM athavA kinhIM do vyaktiyoM meM pArasparika matabheda ke pariNAma svarUpa vivAda utpanna ho jAtA hai| donoM paraspara khiMce hue hote haiN| isalie vivAda miTa nahIM sakatA / kintu koI bIca kA saMdhikAraka yogya puruSa Akara donoM kA bheda miTA detA hai aura unameM paraspara ekatA ghaTita kara detA hai / granthakAra dhyAna ko madhyastha, suyogya, saMdhikAraka puruSa ke rUpaka dvArA bar3e hI samIcIna rUpa meM vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| dhyAna se AtmA-paramAtmA kA bheda miTa jAtA hai kyoMki vizuddha bhAva kI dRSTi se unameM koI bheda hai hI nahIM / kintu saMsArI jIva ajJAnavaza apane ko paramAtmA se bhinna mAnatA hai| dhyAna isa ajJAna ke AvaraNa ko miTA detA hai aura jIva ko apane vizuddha AtmasvarUpa ke cintana kI dizA kI ora mor3a detA hai / vaisA hone para AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA use bhAna ho jAtA hai kyoMki vizuddha AtmA hI paramAtma rUpa hai| 21. vahI, 5.17-11 11

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama granthakAra ke zabdoM meM dhyAna meM hI amRta rUpa sarvotkRSTa peya sannihita hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki halAhala viSa se paripUrNa nAgaloka meM, pratidina kSINa hote candra meM aura apsarAoM ke sAtha premakrIr3A meM saMlagna devoM ke loka meM bhI amRta kahA~ saMbhava hai, jJAnIjanoM dvArA pAna karane yogya amRta to dhyAna meM hI hai| dhyAna se janita, dhairya ke rUpa jisa rasa ko jJAnI anubhUta karatA hai vaha rasa na to drAkSAoM meM hai, na zarkarA meM, na amRta meM, na vanitAoM ke adharoSTha meM hI prApta hotA hai|22 bhautika bAhya rasa amRta Adi kI vividha parikalpanAyeM isa loka meM tathA devaloka meM kI jAtI haiN| vividha manojJa, madhura, sundara padArthoM meM use sannihita mAnA jAtA hai| kintu usase kadApi avinazvara sukha tRpti yA zAnti nahIM miltii| jisa zAnti ke lie jIva vyAkula hai vaha zAnti to dhyAna sAdhanA dvArA utpanna santoSa se hI prApta hotI hai| dhyAna yogI itanA AtmatRpta, santuSTa yA AtmakAma ho jAtA hai ki use phira tathAkathita bAhya padArthoM meM koI rasAnubhUti nahIM hotI kyoMki tattvata: yaha saba mithyA hai| ___paripakva sudRr3ha avasthA prApta dhyAna se AvirbhUta phala kI garimA-mahimA ko apane mana dvArA bhalI bhA~ti samajhakara jo usameM prIti karatA hai, abhirucizIla banatA hai, usa praur3ha manISI tejasvI, sAdhaka ko zIghra hI yaza:zrI kIrti rUpI lakSmI apanI dhyAna sAdhanA meM saphalatApUrvaka gatizIla hone se zlAghanIyatA prApta hotI hai|23 adhyAtmopaniSad adhyAtmopaniSad meM zAstrayoga zuddhi, jJAnayoga zuddhi, kriyAyoga zuddhi tathA sAmyayoga zuddhi nAmaka cAra adhikAroM meM adhyAtmayoga kA vividha apekSAoM se varNana kiyA gayA hai| zAstrayoga zuddhi :- sAdhaka ke lie sabase pahale apane mana kA saMmArjana karanA parama Avazyaka hai| isa saMsAra meM zAstra ke nAma se anekAneka paramparAoM ke grantha vidyamAna haiN| una sabameM jo Atmatattva kA bhalI bhA~ti darzana karAtA hai, jIvana ke mokSa rUpa parama lakSya se paricita karAtA hai, vahI zAstra parama AdaraNIya hai ata: 22. vahI, gA. 5.17.12-13 23. vahI, gA. 5.17-14 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama granthakAra ne sabase pahale adhyAtma para jora diyA hai| sacchAstroM ke parizIlana se mana pariSkRta hotA hai| granthakAra ne vibhinna zAstroM ke tattvoM kA saMkSepa meM digdarzana karAte hue sarvajJa prabhu dvArA bhASita tattvoM meM AsthAzIla hone kI preraNA dI hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki vItarAga prabhu asatya bhASaNa nahIM krte| ve hetu, yukti, tarka, nyAyaviruddha upadeza nahIM dete, jo unake vAkyoM meM vizvAsa nahIM karate, jo mahAmoha dvArA grasita haiM jo zAstra ko apane Age rakhatA hai, sammAna detA hai, apanA mArgadarzaka mAnatA hai, eka prakAra se vItarAga prabhu ko hI apanA pathadarzaka samajhatA hai ; vaisA samajhane vAle nizcaya hI samasta siddhiyoM ko prApta karate haiN|24 enayoga zuddhi : granthakAra ne jJAnayoga zuddhi nAmaka dUsare adhikAra meM jJAnayoga kI carcA karate hue likhA hai- zAstroM dvArA darzita sAdhanA mArga para calatA huA nirmala buddhi puruSa sAdhanA kI viziSTa upalabdhi hetu dhyAnayoga kA prayoga kare arthAt vaha sadjJAna kA avalambana liye hue apane lakSya kI ora bar3hatA jaaye|25 sadjJAna kA sAhacarya yogasAdhanA meM nizcaya hI bar3A upakAraka siddha hotA hai| kriyAyoga zuddhiH tIsare adhikAra meM kriyAyoga kI vizuddhi kI carcA hai| kriyAyoga kA tAtparya zAstrAdhyayana se prApta jJAnapUrvaka AtmajAgarUka bhAva se kriyAkalApa meM saMlagna rahanA hai| vahA~ vyakti kA mana una kriyAoM meM Asakta yA grasta nahIM hotaa| sAdhaka apane Apa meM jo siddha karanA cAhate haiM, vaha tabhI sAdhita ho sakatA hai jaba ve zAntacittapUrvaka kriyAzIla ho|26 jo caitasika zAnti ke sAtha kriyAzIla hote haiM ve kriyA meM lipta nahIM hote| Age unhoMne kahA hai ki zAnta bhAva sahita anAsakta citta ke sAtha jo kriyAzIla hote haiM unakA Atmabala usI prakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai jisa prakAra anna meM cAvala kA chilakA yA bhUsA tathA mA~jane se tA~be kI kAlimA naSTa ho jAtI hai|27 24. adhyAtmopaniSad gA. 1.13-14 25. vahI, gA. 2.1 26. vahI, gA. 3.12 27. vahI, gA. 3.21 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 13 ~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA sAmyayoga : isa adhikAra ke prArambha meM granthakAra ne bar3e hI antaHsparzI zabdoM meM kahA hai ki jo jJAna aura kriyA rUpa do azvoM se yukta sAmyarUpa ratha para ArUr3ha hokara mokSamArga kI ora gatizIla hotA hai vaha gA~voM meM, nagaroM meM vighnarUpI kA~ToM se utpanna hone vAlI pIr3A ko, jisase pAdarakSikA rahita - jUte na pahanA huA vyakti pIr3ita hotA hai, nahIM paataa| vaisA yogI AtmapravRtti meM atyanta jAgarUka rahatA hai tathA parapravRtti meM vaha bahare, aMdhe yA gUMge kI taraha rahatA hai arthAt na unheM sunatA hai, na unheM dekhatA hai aura na unake sambandha meM bolatA hI hai / vaha sadA parama jJAna evaM paramAnandamaya pada kI dizA meM samudyata rahatA hai| vaha lokottara - vilakSaNa sAmyabhAva ko prApta karatA hai| 28 zAstrAdhyayana dvArA samarjita sadjJAna aura usa jJAna dvArA kiye gaye kriyAkalApa aura unase utpanna samatvabhAva vAstava meM Atmazreyas ke ananya upAdAna haiN| unheM svAyatta kara lene para dhyAna yogI meM Antarika UrjA kA srota phUTa par3atA hai jisake sahAre vaha jIvana kA parama lakSya sAdhane meM samartha ho jAtA hai / jJAnasa: khaNDa : aSTama upAdhyAya yazovijaya dvArA racita 'jJAnasAra' meM battIsa aSTaka haiN| ATha zlokoM meM racita prakaraNa aSTaka kahe jAte rahe haiN| ina aSTakoM meM kramaza: ( 1 ) pUrNatA ( 2 ) lagnatA ( 3 ) sthiratA (4) mohatyAga (5) jJAna (6) zama ( 7 ) iMdriya jaya ( 8 ) tyAga (9) triyA ( 10 ) tRpti ( 11 ) nirlepa ( 12 ) nispRhA ( 13 ) mauna ( 14 ) vidyA ( 15 ) viveka ( 16 ) mAdhyastha ( 17 ) nirbhayatA (18) anAtmasaMsAra ( 19 ) tattvadRSTi (20) sarva-samRddhi ( 21 ) karmavipAka ( 22 ) bhavodvega (23) lokasaMjJA ( 24 ) zAstra (25) parigraha (26) anubhava (27) yoga ( 28 ) niyAga ( 29 ) bhAvapUjA (30) dhyAna (31) tapa ( 32 ) sarva nayAmaya / ina sabhI aSTakoM meM vividha apekSAoM se AtmA ke parizodhana evaM parimArjana ke upAyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, jo granthakAra ke gahana adhyayana aura pragAr3ha vaiduSya kA sUcaka hai| unhoMne dhyAnASTaka meM dhyAna kA vivecana kiyA hai| likhA hai - dhyAtA, 28. vahI, gA. 4.1-2 14

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyeya aura dhyAna ye tInoM jahA~ ekatA prApta kara lete haiM to saMyamI sAdhaka kA citta anyatra kahIM nahIM jaataa| use kisI prakAra kA duHkha yA kleza nahIM hotaa| antarAtmA dhyAtA hai| paramAtmA ko dhyeya kahA gayA hai| ekAgratA pUrvaka saMviti-cintana dhyAna hai| inakI ekatA samApatti yA samAdhi hai| jisa prakAra maNi meM kisI vastu kA pratibimba yA praticchAyA vyakta hotI hai, usI prakAra AtmA meM paramAtmA kI praticchAyA samAdhi hai| jaba dhyAna se cittavattiyA~ kSINa ho jAtI haiM, antarAtmA nirmala ho jAtI hai taba samAdhi kI sthiti ghaTita hotI hai| vaisA hone para pavitra tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA bandha hotA hai arthAt bhAvI jIvana meM ve sAdhaka tIrthaMkara kA pada pAte haiN| AtmA kI nirmalatA kI ora jaba sAdhaka abhimukha rahatA hai to kramaza: vaha UrdhvagAmI banatA jAtA hai, jo abhavyajanoM ke lie honA sarvathA durlabha hai| unake yogopakrama kevala kaSTamAtra hote haiN| jo yogI apanI indriyoM ko jIta cukA ho, dhIra AtmabalI ho, prazAnta aura susthira ho, sukhAsanalIna jisakI dRSTi nAsAgra para lagI ho, jisane bAhya manovRtti kA nirodha kara liyA ho usakI dhAraNA kI dhArA dhyAna ke rUpa meM pariNata hotI huI niSpannatA prApta kara letI hai, vaisA dhyAnayogI cidAnandamaya AdhyAtmika sudhA kA AsvAda letA hai| nirbAdha nirvighna AtmasAmrAjya ko vaha prApta kara letA hai| isa loka meM na to devatAoM meM aura na hI mAnavoM meM dhyAnI sAdhakoM kI upamA prApta hotI hai| vaha nirupamatA svAyatta kara letA hai|29 __'dhyAnASTaka' meM dhyAna aura tadjanya AdhyAtmika upalabdhi kA upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne saMkSepa meM jo digdarzana karAyA hai usakA eka-eka zabda adhyAtma-puMja hai| upAdhyAyazrI ke anusAra dhyAna hI vaha vilakSaNa sAdhanA hai jisako sAdhane vAlA sAdhaka tIrthaMkara ke sarvotkRSTa pada ko prApta karane kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai| isa loka meM usase ucca anya kucha nahIM hai| adhyAtmayogI mahAn sAdhaka zrI Anandaghana jI : jaina paramparA ke adhyAtmayogiyoM meM mahAn sAdhaka zrI Anandaghana jI kA nAma atyanta prasiddha hai| tIrthaMkaroM kI stavanA ke rUpa meM unake dvArA racita 'Anandaghana 29. jJAnasAra 30.1-8 wwmmmmmmmmmmmmm 15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama caubIsI' bhakti, AtmasamarpaNa, sAdhanA aura yoga ke una anubhUta uccabhAvoM se saMpRkta hai, jinake anubhavana-anusaraNa se jIvana meM mumukSu sAdhakoM ke mana meM nizcaya hI eka divya Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai| unakA jIvana pavitratama, uccatama sAdhanAoM kA eka utkRSTatama saMgamasthala jaisA thaa| ve jaina paramparA ke eka saMyamI sAdhaka the| ata: Arhat cintanadhArA to unameM vyApta thI hI, sAtha-hI-sAtha unhoMne anyAnya paramparAoM meM vyApta adhyAtma yoga viSayaka tattvabinduoM ko bhI gRhIta karate hue unheM ArhatI sAdhanA ke nirmala rUpa meM pariNata kara diyaa| aitihAsika dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAya to Anandaghana jI ke saMbaMdha meM koI prAmANika sAmagrI prApta nahIM hotii| vibhinna vidvAnoM ke unake jIvana, janmasthAna Adi ke viSaya meM vibhinna mata haiN| kucha unako mAravAr3a, kucha gujarAta, kucha saurASTra to kucha uttarapradeza se bhI jor3ate haiN| jaina sAhitya ke vikhyAta manISI aura anusaMdhAtA zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA ne 'Anandaghana graMthAvalI' meM ina mahApuruSa kI janmasthalI, karmasthalI aura sAdhanA sthalI kA ullekha kiyA hai jo vartamAna yuga ke suprasiddha jainayogI sahajAnanda ke mata para AdhArita hai| unhoMne unakA janma mer3atA meM honA batAyA hai, ve vahIM ke eka zrAvaka ke putra the| unhoMne aisA bhI sUcita kiyA hai ki unakI sAdhanAsthalI aura karmasthalI mukhya rUpa se mer3atA hI rhii| ve adhikAMza samaya taka mer3atA ke hI Asa-pAsa ke sthAnoM meM vicaraNa karate rhe| inakI bhASA gujarAtI mizrita rAjasthAnI hai| ata: kucha vidvAn inake gujarAta meM janma lene aura usI kSetra meM adhika vicaraNa karane para adhika bala dete haiN| kintu yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki gujarAta aura rAjasthAna meM bhASA, saMskRti, dharma ityAdi kI dRSTi se paraspara bar3A tAdAtmya rahA hai| aba se lagabhaga 5 zatAbdI ke pUrva jo bhASA prApta hotI hai, use gujarAtiyoM dvArA jUnI gujarAtI aura rAjasthAniyoM dvArA purAnI mAravAr3I kahA jAtA hai| ata: eka hI bhASA pracalita rahI hai jo lagabhaga gujarAta aura pazcimI rAjasthAna meM samAna rUpa se bolI, samajhI jAtI rahI hai| itihAsajJoM ne ise marugurjara ke nAma se abhihita kiyA hai| avazya hI yogirAja Anandaghana gujarAta meM bhI vicaraNazIla rahe haiM, isameM koI saMzaya nhiiN| gujarAta aura rAjasthAna donoM hI inake kAryakSetra rahe haiN| saMbhava hai, mer3atA kI pAvana dharA meM vizeSa pravAsa aura vicaraNa rahA ho| Anandaghana jI ke varNana meM eka cAmatkArika bAta yaha parilakSita hotI hai ki ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 16 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ve apane Apako paramAtmA kI preyasI yA priyatama ke rUpa meM prastuta karate haiN| unakI yaha vidhA nirguNa paramparA ke mahAn saMta kabIra kI antarbhAvanA ke sAtha jur3a jAtI hai| rAma mero pIva, maiM to rAma kI bhuriyaa| rAma para-brahma-paramAtmA mere priya pati haiM,maiM to unakI vadhU-bahU huuN| kabIra jina bhAvoM kI abhivyaMjanA karate haiM, Anandaghana jI bhI apane Apako bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI preyasI ke rUpa meM jor3ate hue zabdAntara se prAya: aisI hI bAta kahate haiN| kabIra aura Anandaghana gRhI pati-patnI ke bhAva se sarvathA atIta, niraMjana, asaMlagna the| donoM ne hI isa bhAva ko adhyAtma ke parama pavitra DhA~ce meM DhAlane kA jo prayAsa kiyA vaha bhAratIya sAhitya meM nizcaya hI vilakSaNa hai| bhautikatA yA sAMsArikatA kI daSTi se puruSa ke lie sabase adhika priyatA kA sthAna usakI patnI hotI hai| nArI ke lie sarvAdhika manojJatA, priyatA aura sneha kA sarvotkRSTa bhAva apane pati meM sannihita rahatA hai aura sabhI sAMsArika saMbaMdha patipatnI ke naikaTya kI tulanA meM sarvathA mauna ho jAte haiN| isa nikaTatama saMbaMdha ko rUpaka dvArA ina donoM hI mahAn saMtoM ne Atma-paramAtmabhAvamUlaka ho pAvanatama rUpa pradAna kiyA, vaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| kAmarAga kA sthAna yahA~ vItarAgabhAva le letA hai| ___ adhikatara vidvAnoM kI yaha rAya hai ki ve tapAgacchIya zvetAmbara maMdiramArgI paramparA se sambaddha the| zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA ne inakA kharataragacchIya paramparA se saMbaMdhita honA batalAyA hai| khaira, jaisA bhI rahA ho, inake jIvana meM eka samaya aisA AtA hai, jaba ye sAmpradAyika paramparAoM se vilaga hokara vizuddha dhyAna-yogI ke rUpa meM sAdhanArata ho jAte haiN| "sampradAyo gurukramaH" hemacandrajI kI isa paribhASA ke anusAra sampradAya to guruparamparA se sambaddha vyavasthA hai| jaba sAdhaka apane Apako sarvathA sAdhanA meM samarpita kara detA hai, to sampradAya aura aupacArikatAe~ vahA~ gauNa ho jAtI haiM, mahAn yogI Anandaghana ke sAtha aisA hI ghaTita huaa| ve vanoM parvatoM, anyAnya ekAnta sthAnoM meM jAkara sAdhanA-nirata rahate, dhyAnastha rahate, saMyama to unake jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa meM vyApta thA hii| ve jaina darzana-nyAya Adi ke prasiddha vidvAn yazovijaya ke sama-sAmayika the| donoM kI avasthA meM thor3A sA antara thaa| upAdhyAya yazovijaya inake sAdhanAniSTha jIvana se bar3e prabhAvita the| yazovijaya ne mahAn yogI Anandaghana kI stuti meM eka comwwwwwwwwwwww. 17 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama aSTapadI kI bhI racanA kI thii| bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke stavana ke rUpa meM 'Anandaghana padAvalI' kA pahalA pada vizeSa rUpa se anuzIlana karane yogya hai| unhoMne likhA hai jinezvara RSabhadeva mere priyatama haiM, mujhe aura kisI kAnta yA priyatama kI cAha nahIM hai| yadi ve mujha para prasanna ho jAte haiM to merA saMga-sAhacarya kabhI nahIM chor3ate aura unakA mere sAtha saMbaMdha Adi sahita to hogA, kintu vaha antarahita hogA, vaha miTegA nhiiN| isa saMsAra meM prema kA nAtA to sabhI jor3ate haiM, kintu vaha prema vAstavika prema nahIM hai- vAstavika prema to vaha hai, jo sabhI prakAra kI upAdhiyoM se varjita, bhautika abhIpsAoM se, padArthoM se mukta ho| merA prema saMbaMdha lo prabhu ke sAtha nirupAdhika haikinhIM bhI sAMsArika abhilASAoM se baMdhanoM se vaha vimukta hai, koI preyasI apane pati ke maraNa prApta kara lene para isa AzA ke sAtha ki usakA pati ke sAtha zIghra hI milana ho, usakI citA ke sAtha satI ho jAtI hai| koI patnI pati ko prasanna karane ke lie una tapa karatI hai aura samajhatI hai deha ko paritApa dene se priyatama prasanna hoNge| pati ko isa prakAra anuraMjita karane meM merI mAnasikatA nahIM hai, yaha to daihika milana kI bAta hai, kaI kahate haiM yaha sAMsArika saMbaMdha to prabhu kI lIlA hai, kintu nirdoSa, niraMjana, nirmala prabhu meM yaha lIlA ghaTita nahIM hotI-kyoMki yaha lIlA doSapUrNa hai| apane priyatama meM samarpaNa rUpa pUjana kA pariNAma citta kI vizuddhi hai, caitasika vizuddhijanita ekAgratA hai, jo kabhI khaNDita nahIM hotii| jo niSkapaTa-nizcalabhAva se AtmA ko paramAtmA meM samarpita kara detA hai vaha to mokSa kI ora le jAne vAlI pagaDaNDI para cala par3atA hai|30 yogivarya ne paramAtmapada prApta prabhu RSabha ke prati samarpaNa kI udagra bhAvanA kA pariNAma citta kI prazAnti ke rUpa meM ghaTita honA batalAyA hai, yaha bhaktiyoga meM adhyAtma yoga, dhyAna yoga ko DhAla dene kA eka vilakSaNa upakrama hai| sAmAnyata: bhakta aura yogI meM antara mAnA jAtA hai| bhakti meM samarpaNa kI pradhAnatA hone se jJAna kA koI mahattvapUrNa sthAna nahIM, aisI mAnyatA hai| ataeva vahA~ 30. Anandaghana padAvalI zrI RSabhajina stavana -1 wrwwwwwwwwwwwwww 18 wwwwwwwwwwwwwwww

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khaNDa : apTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yoga ke phalita hone kI bAta bhI nahIM kahI jA sktii| isa ekAMgI dRSTikoNa ko yogivarya ne bhakti, jJAna aura yoga ke samanvita rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| isa pada kA gaharAI aura sUkSmatA se adhyayana karane para aisA niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki yahA~ 'citta prazasti' zabda yoga se saMbaddha hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki bhakti se yogasAdhanA phalita hotI hai| Anandaghana bhakta hote hue bhI isIlie yogivarya kahe gaye haiN| unhoMne bhautika prema ko AdhyAtmika prema kA pavitra pariveza dete hue use mukti kI sAdhanA ke ananya aMga ke rUpa meM pariNata kara diyA hai| __ candraprabha svAmI ke stavana meM racanAkAra ne zuddha cetanA aura usakI sakhI zraddhA ke rUpaka dvArA apane bhAvodgAra vyakta karate hue kahA hai- cetanA zraddhA se kahatI hai ki mujhe candraprabha svAmI ke mukhacandra ko dekhane do| vaha to upazama rasa kA kanda hai, devendra aura narendra saba unakI sevA karate haiM, ve kaliyuga ke kAluSya aura duHkha dvandva se rahita haiN| sakhi ! mujhe unakA mukhacandra nihArane do| vaha mukhacandra na to maiMne sUkSma nigoda meM, na bAdara nigoda meM, na pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, vanaspatikAya meM kabhI dekhA hai| dvIndriya, tIna indriya, caturindriya evaM saMjJI paMcendriya paryAyoM meM bhI maiM usa mukhacandra ke darzana kiye binA jala kI rekhA ke sadRza niSphala rhii| devaloka meM, tiryak evaM nAraka yoni meM bhI unakA mukhacandra dRSTigocara nahIM ho skaa| anAryajanoM ke saMsarga ke kAraNa durlabha manuSyabhava meM bhI vaisA nahIM ho skaa| antarmuhUrta kAla parimita sthiti yukta aparyApta avasthA meM bhI ve jJAnI paramAtmA mere hastagata nahIM hue| isa prakAra jinendradeva zrIcandraprabha ke darzana ke binA aneka sthAna, kAla vyatIta hote gye| aba to jinAgamoM meM buddhi nirmalakara niSkAma bhAva se nirmala bhakti mujhameM aae| nirmala bhakti ke yoga se hI traya avaJcaka yoga kI prApti hotI hai, jisake phalasvarUpa satpuruSoM kA yoga milatA hai, tadanurUpa kriyAe~ bhI avaJcaka hotI haiM, AtmakalyANakAriNI hotI haiM aura unakA phala bhI avaJcaka hotA hai, Atmonmukha samIcIna phala prApta hotA hai| sadguru ke yoga se hI avaJcaka traya kI prApti hotI hai| jinendradeva kI preraNA se vaisA suavasara prApta hotA hai, unakI acintya anirvacanIya zakti dvArA mohanIya karma kSINa ho jAte haiN| prabhu candraprabha ke caraNa kamala icchita phala pradAna karane meM kalpavRkSa ke sadRza haiN|31 bhautika saundarya ke AkarSaNa 31. vahI, zrI candraprabha stavana - 8 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 19 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: aSTama ko AdhyAtmika saundarya meM badala dene kI anupama vilakSaNa kSamatA yogirAja sAthahI-sAtha bhaktavarya zrI Anandaghana meM thI, cetanA aura zraddhA jIvana ke do mukhya tattva haiN| cetanA AtmA ke astitva kI bodhikA hai, lakSaNa svarUpa hai, zraddhA satyaniSThA kA pratIka hai| zraddhA cetanA meM adhyAtma kA vaha rasa u~DelatI hai jisase cetanA kRta-kRtya ho jAtI hai| yogirAja kI cetanA zraddhA se yaha mAMga karatI hai ki mujhe paramAtmadeva ke saundarya meM tanmaya hone kI preraNA do-kyoMki aisA zraddhA hI karatI hai| zraddhA ke binA cetanA netrazUnya hotI hai| netra dvArA jaise pathika ko mArga sahI rUpa meM dRSTigocara hotA rahatA hai, usI prakAra zraddhA dvArA cetanA gatizIla hotI hai| yadi zraddhA kumArgagAminI ho to cetanA unnati kI dizA meM prayANa nahIM kara sakatI, vaha galata rAha apanA letI hai| - yogirAja yahA~ yoganiSNAta AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA-'yogadRSTi samuccaya' meM nirUpita avaJcaka traya kA ullekha karate haiM jisase spaSTa hai ki yoga kI purAtana jaina paramparA se unakI mAnasikatA evaM sAdhanA jur3I huI thii| unhoMne apanI anubhUti dvArA unheM aura Urjasvala aura nirmala bnaayaa| ve mAnate the ki dhyAnayoga meM Age bar3hane ke lie sabase pahale uttama guru ke yoga kI AvazyakatA hai| unakA sAnnidhya prApta karanA apekSita hotA hai, kyoMki uttama guru hI pravaJcanA rahita hote haiM, avaJcaka hote haiN| adhama aura svArthAndha tathAkathita guru mAtra vaJcaka hI hote haiN| guru kA yoga sadha jAne se sAdhaka kI kriyAe~ vaJcanAparaka nahIM hotIM, ve vaJcanAzUnya hotI haiM arthAt asat se rahita hotI haiM- satvonmukha hotI haiN| unake sahAre sAdhaka kI gati sAdhanA ke mArgapara anavaruddhatayA Age bar3hatI jAtI hai, usa kriyA kA phala bhI bar3A uttama hotA hai| AcArya haribhadra ke zabdoM meM jo avaJcaka hotA hai vaha AtmA kI vaJcanA nahIM karatA, usakA zreyas yA kalyANa sAdhatA hai| jaba ye tInoM avaJcaka prApta ho jAte haiM, taba sAdhaka sadguru dvArA upadiSTa patha kA avalambana kara usa para Age bar3hatA jAtA hai| tadanurUpa satkriyAe~ karatA jAtA hai| nizcaya hI unakA phala use AdhyAtmika dRSTi se UrdhvagAmI banAtA hai| racanAkAra dvArA bhagavAn zAntinAtha kI stuti meM viracita pada AtmazAMti, adhyAtmayoga aura tadartha apekSita dhyAnayoga kA bar3A hI sundara bhAvacitra upasthita karatA hai| yogivarya bar3e hI bhAvapUrNa abhyarthanAmaya zabdoM meM bhagavAna zAMtinAtha kI sevA meM ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 20 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yaha nivedita karate haiM, "prabhuvara ! lokatraya ke rAja-rAjezvara merI kRpayA yaha vinatI suneM, maiM Apake zAMta svarUpa ko kaise pahacAna sakU~, kRpayA mujhe batalAe~," phira ve AtmollAsamayabhAva se vyakta karate haiM, mAnoM prabhu se prerita hokara aisA kahate haiM"Atman ! tU dhanya hai jise aisA prazna karane kA suavasara prApta huaa| tU dhIraja dhAraNa kara suna to sahI, zakti kA jaisA svarUpa mujhe pratIta anubhUta huA hai- vaisA hI yahA~ kathanIya hai| mAnoM jinendradeva yogI, bhakta aura sAdhaka ke mana meM aisA bhAvodreka kara rahe hoN| racanAkAra kI bhASA se yaha vyakta hotA hai| zrI jinezvara deva ne jina bhAvoM ko zuddha aura jinako azuddha kahA hai, unako yathArtha bhAva se jAnakara una para zraddhA rakhanA zAntipada pAne kA pahalA rUpa hai| AgamoM ke paramArthamaya bhAvoM ke saMvAhaka, jinendra prabhu dvArA prarUpita zAstroM ke jJAtA sAvadyavarjana rUpa saMvara kriyA ke abhyAsI, mokSamArga ke anuyAyI vItarAga zrI zAMtinAtha paramparA ke anupAlaka sadaiva niSkapaTa, nirmala, AtmAnubhava ke svAmI, aise uttama guru kI sevA, zAMti ke svarUpa kA bodha pAne kA uttama mArga hai| jo samagra laukika jaMjAloM kA tyAga kara, zuddha AtmasvarUpa kA Alambana kara, samasta tAmasika tamoguNamayI vRttiyoM ke rAga-dveSa Adi kaSAyoM ko tyAgakara, maitrI, pramoda, karuNA Adi sAttvika vRttiyoM ko svIkAra karate haiM, ve AtmazAnti ke svarUpa ko pA sakate haiN|32 ___ AdhyAtmika zAMti prApta karane meM tattva kA yathArtha jJAna, AtmA ke zuddha bhAva kA avalambana, vItarAgapatha ke anugAmI, tyAgI, samasta sAvadyakarma tyAgI, AtmAnubhava ke dhanI sadguru kA sAnnidhya atyanta upayogI hai| sAdhaka ko sAdhanA meM Age bar3hane ke lie ina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA parama Avazyaka hai| zAMtisvarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra kaise ho, isa abhiprAya ko spaSTa karate hue aura likhA hai- AtmarUpa ko kendra meM rakhakara hI vidhi-niSedha kI vyavasthA evaM nirNaya hotA hai| jina kA kriyAoM AtmabhAva se vaiparItya nahIM hai, unakA AcaraNa karanA vidhimArga hai, jo kriyAe~ AtmabhAva ke viruddha haiM ve niSiddha haiM, akaraNIya haiN| isake anusAra jo vidhimArga aura niSedhamArga kA avalambana karatA hai, AtmAnukUla kriyAe~ 32. vahI, zrI zAntinAtha stavana - 16.1-4 wwwwwwwwwwwwwww. 21 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA ~~~ karatA hai, AtmapratikUla kriyAoM se dUra rahatA hai, vaha AdhyAtmika zAMti ke patha para agrasara hone se sphUrtimAna hotA hai / 33 unhoMne krodha Adi kaSAya, azubhayoga Adi kI tyAjyatA, tapa saMyama Adi kI grAhyatA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, sAtha hI sAtha mAnApamAna ke prati citta meM samAna bhAva, svarNa evaM pASANa meM samAna dRSTi, vandaka aura nindaka meM samAna bhAva ko svIkAra karane kA saMketa kiyA hai| 34 dhyAnayogI kA kriyAkalApa jitanA svabhAvAnurata, parabhAvavirata hotA hai, vaha utanA hI apanI sAdhanA meM Age bar3ha sakatA hai| khaNDa : aSTama unhoMne niSkarSa ke rUpa meM anta meM kahA hai ki AtmabhAva vastutaH cetanA ke AdhAra para jJAnadarzana rUpa jJAyaka bhAva hI hai, yahI vAstava meM AtmA kA vAstavika parivAra hai| anya saba sAMsArika parijana Adi to saMyogajanya haiM, asthira haiN| isa Azaya ke sAtha graMthakAra ne apane Apako sambodhita kara kahA hai- Atman ! tU samasta jAgatika prapaMcoM kA tyAga kara AtmabhAva meM hI, AtmadhyAna meM ramaNa kara, usI se zAMti kA svarUpa adhigata hogA / 35 yogirAja anta meM Atmavibhora hokara kahate haiM, aho ! merA bar3A saubhAgya hai, maiM dhanya hU~, mere AtmArAma ko merA vandana ho, ananta phalapradAyaka dAnezvara mahAna dAnI, paramezvara prabhu se jisakI bheMTa ho jAtI hai vaha vastutaH dhanya hai / 36 bhaktiyogI, jJAnayogI yA dhyAnayogI jaba AtmAnubhUti ke sarovara meM nimagna ho jAtA hai, taba use paramAtmabhAva kI aisI divya AdhyAtmika jhalaka adhigata hotI hai, jisase usake harSa kA koI pAra nahIM rahatA / munisuvratasvAmI ke stavana meM yogivarya ne eka aisA bhAvacitra upasthita kiyA hai jo sAdhaka ke sAmane vidyamAna aneka matamatAntaroM ko prastuta karatA hai| AtmA ke sambandha meM paraspara itane bhinna mata-matAntara haiM ki manuSya unameM vibhrAnta ho jAtA 33. vahI, 16.7 34. vahI, 16.8-9 35. Anandaghana padAvalI - zrI zAntinAtha stavana 16.11 36. vahI, 16-13 22

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khaNDa: aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai| una matamatAntaroM kA isa pada meM saMkSepa meM saMketa karate hue unhoMne munisuvrata svAmI kI sevAmeM isa abhyarthanA kA bhAva vyakta kiyA hai ki ina mata-matAntaroM ke jaMjAla meM mujhe cittasamAdhi kaise prApta ho, bhagavan ! mujhe mArga dikhaaeN| / tatpazcAt ve prabhu-suvratasvAmI se aMta:prerita hokara ye udgAra vyakta karate haiM ki jagat meM pracalita mata-matAntaroM kA pakSapAta chor3akara, unameM kisI bhI prakAra kA bhAva na rakhakara AtmA meM rata hone se hI citta-samAdhirUpa lakSya prApta hotA hai| jo AtmA ke dhyAna meM nirata rahatA hai, ekAgratA pUrvaka cintana karatA hai, vaha puruSa ina matavAdoM ke jaMjAla meM nahIM par3atA hai, ye saba to vAgjAla ke prakAra haiN| vAstava meM, sArabhUta to Atmacintana hI hai| vahI citta ke lie abhilakSaNIya hai|37 isa padya meM yogirAja ne una saba vibhinna matavAdoM kI carcA kI hai, jinameM apane dvArA svIkRta siddhAntoM ko lekara paraspara vivAda karate rahate haiN| jinameM itanA vAkpATava hotA hai, ve apane siddhAntoM ko utanI hI prabalatA se siddha karane kA prayAsa karate haiM kintu aise vAda-vivAdamaya upakramoM se jIvana meM AtmA kA parama sAdhya sadha jAye yaha kadApi sambhava nahIM hai| vAda-vivAda to paraspara rAga-dveSa, mohAveza hI bar3hAte haiN| AdhyAtmika sAdhaka kadApi inameM nahIM pdd'taa| kyoMki AtmA ke utthAna aura vikAsa kI dRSTi se inakA koI sthAna nahIM hai| vaha inako AtmasAdhanA meM pratibaMdhaka mAnakara AtmA ke dhyAna meM, paramAtmabhAva meM, apane Apako ekAgracintana dvArA jor3ane meM nirata hote haiM, ve hI yathArtha tattvajJAna ko AtmasAt karate haiN| jinhoMne sat-asat kA viveka pUrvaka cintana-parizIlana kara Atmacintana ke pakSa ko svIkAra kiyA hai, ve hI vAstava meM tattvajJAnI haiN| anta meM, yogivarya abhyarthanA ke zabdoM meM nivedana karate haiM ki prabhuvara zrI suvratasvAmI Apa kRpA kareM, ApakI kRpA se hI paramAnandamaya pada prApta hogaa| anta meM isa padya meM AyA huA Anandaghana zabda eka ora racanAkAra ke nAma kA saMketa karatA hai, to dUsarI ora paramAnanda svarUpa saghana atizaya sukha kA dyotaka bhI hai jo muktAvasthA meM sadA upalabdha rahatA hai| bAvIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI ariSTa neminAtha svAmI kI stuti meM aisA lagatA hai ki zrI Anandaghana jI ne dAmpatya rAga AlApA hai| isameM AdhyAtmikatA kA eka 37. vahI, zrI munisuvrata jina stavana - 20 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 23 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama aMza bhI nahIM hai| parantu isa stuti kA gaharAI se adhyayana-cintana karane para jJAta hotA hai ki isameM dhyeya (paramAtmA) ke sAtha dhyAtA kI ekatA satata dhyAna ke kAraNa jur3atI hai lekina bahirmukhI cittavRtti kI tarapha AtmA rUpI pati ke AkarSita ho jAne para paramAtmA se dUrI bar3hatI calI jAtI hai| prArambha kI dasa gAthAoM taka rAjImatI ke dvArA neminAtha svAmI ko mohAviSTa, rAgAtura evaM sAMsArika prIti kI ora AkRSTa karane ke lie upAlambha vacana Adi yuktiyoM se prayatna kiyA jAtA hai, phira eka nayA mor3a liyA jAtA hai, paramAtmA ke vItarAga svarUpa ko pahicAnate hue bhI rAgAviSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| phira caudahavIM gAthA se rAjImatI kI mohadazA kama ho jAtI hai, vaha paramAtmA kI vItarAgadazA kA dhyAna karake sva-kartavya kA vicAra karatI haisvAmI neminAtha merI bhAvanA ko jarUra samajhate haiM, phira bhI ve mere mana kA samAdhAna kyoM nahIM karate? koI-na-koI kAraNa avazya hai jise maiM samajha nahIM pA rahI huuN| usake antara meM paramAtmA (zuddha AtmA) kI ora se anta:sphuraNA hotI hai- rAjImatI! mohanIya karmavaza parAdhIna banakara tU yaha kyA kara rahI hai ? kisako upAlambha de rahI hai ? prabhu nemIzvara to pUrNa vairAgyavAna bana cuke haiN| ve vItarAgatA ko apanA cuke haiN| ve aba sarvAtmabhUta bana gae haiN| ata: tU yadi unakI saccI sevikA-premikA hai to tujhe unake jaisI bananA pdd'egaa| tere ATha janmoM ke prema kI aba isa janma meM saccI kasauTI prabhu kara rahe haiN| ata: tU apane prANanAtha bhagavAna neminAtha kI taraha hI vItarAga bhAva ko dhAraNa kr| rAjImatI ke hRdaya meM tIvra manthana hotA hai aura vaha mohadazA ko chor3a neminAtha kI vItarAgatA ko ArapAra dekhatI hai| vaha ekatva bhAvanA bhAtI hai ki "aba taka to maiM mohadazA dhAraNa karake cintana karatI thii| sAMsArika dRSTi se Apake jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kA sAmaMjasya sthApita karatI thI, lekina aba mere citta meM ApakA tattvavicAra jAgRta ho cukA hai| Apa apanI bhUmikA meM jo kara rahe haiM, vaha bilkula ThIka hai|" "maiM pativratA hU~ ata: Apa hI ke mArga kA anusaraNa kruuN| prANanAtha ne to vItarAga dvArA apanAne yogya mArga hI apanAyA hai to mujhe bhI unhIM ke mArga kA anusaraNa kara Age bar3hanA caahie|" aisA soca rAjImatI svayaM usa mArga para bar3hane kA dRr3ha nizcaya karatI hai| yahA~ para rAjImatI ke vicAroM meM sahaja saralatA evaM kRtanizcayatA hai| ~~immmmmmmmmmmmmm 24 mmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama rAjakumArI hote hue bhI gArhasthika vivAha ke badale apane prANanAtha ke Atmika vicAroM ko apanA kara sarvatyAga ke mArga para bar3hane kA nizcaya karatI hai, yaha unake bhAvoM kI bhavyatA hai| jyoM-jyoM rAjImatI AtmA kI AvAja sunatI jAtI hai tyoM-tyoM vaha ekatva bhAvanA meM tallIna hokara gaharI utaratI jAtI hai| neminAtha bhagavAna ko pati ke rUpa meM apanAne ke lie rAjImatI mana-vacanakAyA ke zuddha praNidhAna pUrvaka, athavA icchAdi tIna yogoM se unheM sacce svAmI ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatI hai arthAt-jaise neminAtha prabhu ne trikaraNa, triyoga se sAdhutA evaM mana, vacana, kAyA se vItarAgatA dhAraNa kI hai, vaise hI rAjImatI bhI trikaraNa yoga se yA triyoga se sAdhutA evaM vItarAgatA svIkAra karake neminAtha prabhu kI ArAdhanA prArambha karatI hai| (jJAnadazA se prabhu dhAraNakartA haiM, bhaktidazA se poSaNakartA haiM tathA vairAgyadazA se tAraNakartA haiN|) rAjImatI hRdaya meM nizcaya karatI hai ki svAmI ke hAtha se hI dIkSA prApta karane se usakA yogavaMcaka yoga saphala huA, svAmI kI AjJAnusAra dIkSA-sAdhutA kA yathArtha pAlana karane se usakA kriyAvaMcaka yoga saphala huA aura svAmI se pahale hI mokSa meM jAnA sambhava hone se usakA phalAvaMcaka yoga bhI saphala hogaa| rAjImatI sarvavirati sAdhu dharma aMgIkAra karake vItarAga paramAtmA neminAtha ko sAMgopAMga rUpa se sarvatobhAvena hRdaya meM dhAraNa karatI hai| AtmArthI evaM mumukSu kI AtmA ke lie bhI bAhyacittavatti kA tyAga karake antarmukhI banakara paramAtmA vItarAga ke patha kA anusaraNa karanA aura vItarAgatA prApta karanA abhISTa hai, yahI mArga upAdeya hai| ___ dhyAtA rAjImatI apane upAdAna ko zuddha aura sarvocca padArUr3ha karane ke lie prabala nimitta rUpa paramAtmA neminAtha prabhu ko dhyeya mAnakara ekAgratApUrvaka unhIM ke dhyAna meM tallIna hokara prabhu se pahale mokSa gamana karatI hai| kavi Anandaghana jI ne dhyAtA ke lie rAjImatI kI taraha ekasvAmitva-niSThA se dhyeya kA dhyAna karanA Avazyaka batAyA hai| sampUrNa stuti kA sAra aura uddezya ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 25 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA yahI batAnA hai ki saccI ekaniSThA, dhyeya ke prati dhyAtA kI ekAgratA hI use gantavya taka pahu~cAtI hai|38 yogI Anandaghana jI ne isI prakAra mohAdi SaDUvikAroM se pare hokara muktipadaprApti ke icchuka bhavya mumukSu AtmAoM ko isa stuti dvArA yahI bodha diyA hai ki bAhya dhyeya to nimitta rUpa hI hotA hai, saccA aura antima dhyeya to dhyAtA ke zarIra meM rahA huA Atmatattva hI hai| isalie isa nimitta kA nAma mAtra ko avalambana lekara bhI bhavyAtmA ko sva-Atma tattva ke sAtha hI ekatA sAdhanI hai / aisA hone se dhyAtA aura dhyeya kI ekarUpatA ho jAtI hai, jo isa stuti kA khAsa prayojana hai / khaNDa : aSTama dUsarA eka mahattvapUrNa tathya isa stuti meM gupta rahasya ke rUpa meM zuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki AtmA jaba indriyoM ke bhogopabhogoM kA tyAga karake AtmadRSTi se sthira hone kA prayatna karatA hai, taba usakI bahirmukhI cittavRtti use apane meM ramaNa karate rahane ke lie prerita karatI hai aura vividha mohaka pralobhanoM se use apanI ora khIMcane kA prayAsa karatI hai parantu sthitaprajJa AtmA jaba una bahirmukhI indriyoM bhrAmaka mohajAla meM nahIM pha~sa kara AtmadRSTi meM hI sthita hone kA dRr3ha prayatna karatA hai taba bahirmukhI banI huI vaha cittavRtti hI antarmukhI ho jAtI hai| yaha cittavRtti hI AtmA ke UrdhvagAmI pada ko prApta karane ke lie prayatnazIla ho jAtI hai| phalata: vaha antarmukhI AtmA hI Atmasthita bana kara paramAnanda prApta kara letI hai / isa tathya ko yogI Anandaghana jI ne isa stuti meM rUpaka ke mAdhyama se bahuta hI sundara DhaMga se prastuta kiyA hai| AtmA ke anujIvI svaguNoM yA svazaktiyoM ko prApta karane ke lie jaba taka AtmA meM vIratA prakaTa na ho jAya athavA AtmA Atmazakti yA AtmavIrya se paripUrNa na ho jAya taba taka svaguNa yA svazakti kA prakaTIkaraNa nahIM ho sakatA / ataeva prastuta stuti meM Anandaghana jI ne vItarAga paramAtmA se vIratA kI yAcanA kI hai, AtmavIrya kaise prApta kiyA jAya, usakA krama kyA hai ? prApta vIrya ko sthAyI kaise rakhA jA ske| ina sabakA samAdhAna prastuta stuti meM kiyA gayA hai| 38. adhyAtmadarzana, zrI ariSTaneminAtha jina stavana 22-14-17, pR. 486-511 26

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yogI Anandaghana jI batAte haiM ki "vIratApUrvaka AtmA sva-svabhAva yA AtmaguNa meM upayogI banA rahe to eka dina ayogI bana jAtA hai| vIratA jisakI yAcanA maiM vIra prabhu se kara rahA hU~ vaha merI AtmA meM hI hai| vIratva ke preraka vIrya kA yathArtha mUlasthAna, mUlabhUta adhiSThAna yA AdhAra to AtmA hI hai| yaha maiMne ApakI rAgadveSarahita nisvArtha niSpakSa vANI se jAnA hai|" Age prazna uThAte hue kahate haiM ki vIratva kI sthiratA kI pahicAna kyA hai, kisI AtmA meM vIratva kaise sthira ho sakatA hai ? yaha bhI kaise jAnA jA sakatA hai ki kisa AtmA meM kitanA vIrya sthira huA ? isake uttara meM isI gAthA ke uttarArddha meM batAyA hai ki "dhyAna-vinnANe zakti-pramANe, nija dhruvapada pahicANe re !!39 arthAt zAstrIya dharma, zukla dhyAna ke vijJAna kA AdhAra le kara apanI zakti ke anusAra AtmA jyoM-jyoM dhyAna meM Age bar3hatA hai, tyoM-tyoM vIrya kI kitanI sthiratA, kitanA sAmarthya, kitanI dhruvatA prApta huI hai, yaha apane dhyAna ke jJAna se jIva svayaM pahacAna sakatA hai kyoMki vIrya kI sthiratA aura dhyAna ye donoM lagabhaga ekArthaka zabda haiN| vAstava meM dhyAna AtmavIrya kI sthiratA-ekAgratA kA nAma hI hai| dhyAna kevala zarIra yA mana kI ekAgratA hI nahIM, mukhyatayA AtmA kI sthiratA hai| zarIra, mana aura pavana (zvAsocchvAsa) kI sthiratA ko upacAra se dhyAna kahA jAtA hai, para vAstava meM aisA hai nhiiN| isalie kahA gayA hai ki dhyAna aura vijJAna se apanI AtmA meM nihita vIratva yA vIrya kI sthiratA ko vyakti pahacAna sakatA hai| dhyAna aura vijJAna kI zakti se hI AtmasthiratA tathA Atmazakti ke sAmarthya ko jAnA-parakhA jA sakatA hai|40 anya pada : yogivarya Anandaghana ne caubIsI ke atirikta bhI aneka padoM kI racanA kI hai| virahiNI apane priyatama ke darzana kI jisa lagana se pratIkSA karatI hai, icchA karatI hai, tarasatI hai, usI prakAra yogivarya ne AtmArUpI virahiNI ko paramAtmA rUpI priyatama ke viraha meM aharniza pratIkSArata dikhalAyA hai| AtmA meM yaha tIvratama utkaNThA hai ki maiM paramAtma bhAva ko prApta kruuN| yaha utkaMThA itanI tIvratA liye hue hai, jitanI eka 39. vahI, zrI mahAvIra jina stuti 24.6 40. adhyAtmadarzana (Anandaghana caubIsI para padamagna bhASya) pR. 543-44 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 27 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama pativratA viyoginI nArI meM, jisakA pati kahIM dUra deza calA gayA ho, hotI hai aura jo pratikSaNa usakI pratIkSA meM A~sU bahAtI rahatI hai| adhyAtma prema kI yaha pIra, pIr3A AtmA meM parama ujjvala paramAtmabhAvase saMyukta hone kI preraNA jagAtI hai, jisakA phala paramAtmA ke dhyAna meM satata ekAgra aura avicala rahanA hai| isa antarvedanA yA pIr3A se jo apane abhISTa lakSya meM ekAgra ho jAtA hai, vaha kabhI usase pRthak nahIM hotaa| bhoga ko yoga meM, vAsanA ko sAdhanA meM aura moha ko tyAga meM pariNata kara dene vAle yogivarya ke ye padya nissaMdeha AdhyAtmika amRta ke amara nirjhara haiN| ___inhIM bhAvoM se anuprANita hokara yogirAja ne eka virahiNI ke rUpa meM kahA hai- mere priyatama ghara Ao, maiM rAta-dina ApakI bATa johatI hU~- mujha jaisI to Apako lAkhoM mila sakatI haiN| mere to Apa eka mAtra amUlya anupama priyatama haiN| jauharI lAla kA mUlya kara sakatA hai, kintu merA lAla to aisA hai, jisakI koI kImata A~kI hI nahIM jA sakatI, jisake samakakSa-sadRza koI hai hI nahIM, kyA usakA mUlya A~kA jA sakatA hai ? mere nirnimeSa netra ApakA patha nihArate haiN| jisa prakAra eka yogI dhyAnasamAdhi meM avicala dhyAna meM baiThA hai, maiM vaisI sthiti meM hU~, merI bAta kauna sune, Apake atirikta maiM apanI pIr3A kisako batAU~, maiM kisake samakSa apanA A~cala phailaauuN| Apake mukhadarzana se hI mere mana kA AvaraNa dUra ho sakatA hai, vaha vizuddhi prApta kara sakatA hai|41 virahiNI AtmA bhAvAbhivyaMjanA karatI huI kahatI hai, kevala A~cala pakar3ane mAtra se hI Antarika pIr3A dUra nahIM hogii| paramAtma svarUpa ke lie mAnasika caMcalatA ko miTAnA hogaa| tabhI AtmA paramAtma svarUpa meM samAdhistha bana sakatI hai| viveka ne cetanA ke pAsa jAkara vicAra-vimarza kiyA aura samajhAyA jisase cetanA ne sumati ko Anandaghana, paramAnandamaya prabhu ke AdhIna kara diyaa|42 apane isa pada meM yogivarya ne AtmA meM zaktisaMcaya kaise ho sakatA hai, isa bhAva ko rUpAtmaka zailI meM bar3e hI rocaka DhaMga se prastuta kiyA hai| jaba taka AtmA kevala paramAtmA kA A~cala pakar3atI rahe, dInatApUrvaka unakI kRpA kI yAcanA karatI 41. AnandaghanapadAvalI anyapada 18.3 42. vahI, anyapada 25.4-5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 28 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama rahe, taba taka usakA kArya siddha nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki kAryasiddhi to taba hotI hai jaba mana kI caMcalatA dUra ho jaae| viveka dvArA hI AtmA meM aisA hotA hai, vaisA hone para AtmA paramAnandamaya paramezvara ke AdhIna ho jAtI hai| usameM paramAtmabhAva kA abhyudaya ho jAtA hai| yaha preyasI aura priyatama ke milana kA AdhyAtmika rUpaka hai| sAMsArika AzA evaM tRSNA yA kAmanA kA baMdhana aura jaMjIra yA sA~kala kA baMdhana sarvathA eka dUsare ke viparIta haiN| sA~kala se ba~dhA prANI apane sthAna se jarA bhI idhara-udhara nahIM ho sktaa| kintu AzA aura tRSNA kI sA~kala se ba~dhA huA prANI saMsAra meM daur3atA hI rahatA hai, bhavacakra meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| jo AzA-tRSNA se mukta ho jAtA hai vaha sthiratA pA letA hai, bhavabhramaNa se mukta ho jAtA hai| Age apanI AtmA ko sambodhita kara kahate haiM-Atman ! deharUpI maTha meM kyA soye paDe ho ? jarA jAgakara apane Antarika svarUpa ko to dekho| isa deha rUpI maTha kI tuma pratIti mata kro| jarA bhI isakA vizvAsa mata kro| yaha palabhara meM Dhaha sakatA hai, naSTa ho sakatA hai| isalie apanI halacala-caMcalavRttiyoM ko miTAkara apane ghara ko, apane hRdaya ko ttttolo| hRdaya rUpI sarovara meM ramaNa karane vAle AtmA ko phcaano| deha rUpI maTha meM pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu evaM AkAza ina pA~ca bhUtoM kA nivAsa hai| deha rUpI maTha meM zvAsa rUpI dhUrta duSTa dAnava pratikSaNa chala kara rahe haiN| he avadhUta yogI! tuma isa bAta ko samajhate kyoM nahIM ? yaha pudgala se nirmita hai aura tU jJAnaghanajJAnasvarUpa cetanAmaya hai| deha to ina paudgalika jar3a padArthoM meM, bhautika bhogoM meM sukha mAnatI hai| inake saMyoga se anAdikAla se tuma vaMcita kiye jAte rahe ho aura ananta cetanAmaya svarUpa bhUla baiThe ho, aba to isa bhUla ko sudhaaro| jarA soco, paMca parameSThI kA tere mastaka para nivAsa hai| tere ghara meM samyaktva rUpI sUkSma bArI-khir3akI hai, jisase hokara tU kSAyika bhAva rUpI dhruvatAre ke darzana kara sakatI hai kintu aisI jyoti dIrghakAlIna abhyAsa ke pariNAmasvarUpa kisI birale hI sAdhaka meM udbhUta hotI hai| jaba taka hRdaya meM anekAneka kAmanAe~ tathA sukhabhoga-AzAe~ haiM, taba taka Atmacintana phalita nahIM hotaa| hRdaya kI vAsanAoM ko chor3akara, AzAoM ko mArakara ghara meM Asana lagA le, AtmasvarUpa meM sthira ho jAe aura ajapA jApa sahaja rUpa meM AtmacetanAmaya saMsphuraNa ko jAgRta kare, jagAye, taba vaha paramAnandamaya caitanyamUrti niraMjana sarvakarmabaMdhanarahita paramAtmabhAva ko prApta kara letA hai|43 43. vahI, anyapada 39 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 29 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke sAhitya meM dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : aSTama yogivarya ne deha ko maTha aura ghara ko hRdaya ke rUpaka dvArA vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| jisa prakAra maTha IMTa-patthara Adi se nirmita hotA hai, usI prakAra deha pA~cabhUtoM se nirmita hai| maTha na jAne kaba gira jAya, naSTa ho jAya-kahA nahIM jA sakatA, vaha vinazvara hai, usI prakAra deha bhI kSaNabhaMgura hai| kSaNabhaMgura deha ko apanA sthAyI AvAsa yA Azrama na mAnakara hRdaya meM AtmasvarUpa ko jagAo, usakA anubhava kro| jaba anubhUtiyoM kA tAnA-bAnA nirantaratA pA letA hai to sAdhaka ke mana meM eka aisI anta:preraNA, anta:sphuraNA utpanna ho jAtI hai, jisase AtmA meM pratikSaNa paramAtmA kA hI smaraNa rahatA hai| isa pada meM prayukta ajapA-jApa yoga kA zabda hai| maharSi pataMjali ne Izvara ke praNidhAna meM japa kA bar3A mahattva batalAyA hai| jaba sAdhaka yoga meM tanmayatA pA letA hai, taba phira japa karanA nahIM par3atA, svayaM hotA jAtA hai| anavarata svayaM calatA rahatA hai, ise ajapA jApa kahA gayA hai| jaina yoga kI dRSTi se jaba AtmA aura paramAtmA kA tAdAtmya siddha ho jAtA hai, taba AtmA se anavarata satata AtmabhAva pariNata hotA rahatA hai| AtmA paramAtmA ke aikya bhAva kA pratipAdana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai, varSA kI bU~da jaba samudra meM calI jAtI hai to koI usakA patA nahIM lagA sakatA kyoMki vaha samudra ke jala ke sAtha tanmayatA pA letI hai| jaba AtmA kI jyoti mananacintana dhyAna dvArA paramAtmA meM lIna ho jAtI hai, paramAtmasvarUpa ko prApta kara letI hai, taba vaha alakSya hotI jAtI hai| kisI bhI prakAra parilakSita nahIM hotii| vaisI sthiti pAkara vaha AtmA Anandaghana paramAnandamaya bana jAtI hai|44 AtmArUpI nagara meM zraddhA nipuNa sUtradhAra yA vyavasthApaka kA rUpa liye hue hai| usI ke saMketa nirdeza sampUrNa zAsana calatA hai| maitrI Adi bhAvanAe~ yahA~ kA vinodapUrNa vyavahAra hai| vairAgya mitra ke rUpa meM hai, jo kabhI dUra nahIM hotA, sAtha nahIM chor3atA, AtmaramaNa hI yahA~ krIr3A hai| dvAdaza bhAvanA rUpI nadiyA~ yahA~ nitya pravAhita rahatI haiM jo samatA rUpI gahare jala se paripUrNa haiN| dhyAna rUpI hauda sadaiva paripUrNa rahatA hai tathA sampUrNa bhAva rUpa pavana kA sadA saMcAra rahatA hai|45 44. vahI, anyapada 59-4 45. vahI, anyapada 74.3-4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 ~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : aSTama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama / karatA hai| racanAkAra ne yahA~ nagara ke rUpaka dvArA AtmasAdhanA kA jo svarUpa prakaTa kiyA hai vaha bar3A hI udbodhaka hai| AtmasAdhanA meM zraddhA kA sarvopari sthAna hai, bhAvanAe~ usameM sphUrti aura gati kA saMcAra karatI haiM, vairAgya eka mitra kI bhA~ti hai jo sadaiva sahayogI rahatA hai| dhyAna se Antarika zAMti kA anubhava hotA hai| paramAtmabhAva AtmabhAva kA samarthana, sAdhanA meM sahajatA kA samAveza karatA hai| ___ yoga kI paddhati se Atma-paramAtma bhAva ke sAmaMjasya kA bar3A hI mArmika citraNa prastuta karate hue racanAkAra yogivarya ne kahA hai ki AtmAnubhUtimUlaka prema bar3A vilakSaNa hai| yaha strI-puruSa evaM napuMsaka tInoM vedoM se, tanmUlaka bhogAnubhUti se pare hai| isa prema ke Ananda kA anubhava to vItarAga prabhu hI le sakate haiN| AtmArUpI bAlayogI, saMnyAsI, alpavaya, alpaabhyAsI, alpakAlika, samyaktva yukta isa deha rUpI maTha meM nivAsa karatA hai| ir3A evaM piMgalA nAmaka nAr3iyoM kA mArga chor3akara suSumnA nAr3iyoM meM Agamana karatA hai| vaha Asanastha hokara suSumnA nAr3I dvArA prANavAyu ko brahmarandhra meM le jAtA hai| vahA~ vaha anahadanAda yukta hotA huA cittavRtti ko brahmaraMdhra meM lIna kara detA hai| yama-niyama kA paripAlaka, dIrghakAla paryanta Asana-sAdhaka, prANAyAma-abhyAsI, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA evaM dhyAna kA abhyAsI sAdhaka zIghra hI samAdhi avasthA prApta kara letA hai| AtmA rUpI bAla saMnyAsI saMyama ke mUlaguNoM tathA uttaraguNoM kA saMvAda hai| paryaMka Asana kA usako abhyAsa hai| recaka, pUraka, kuMbhakAtmaka prANAyAma usane sAdhA hai| mana tathA indriyoM para vijaya prApta kI hai| isa prakAra yogamArgayogasAdhanA kA anusaraNa karatA huA, usa dizA kI ora agrasara hotA huA vaha bAlayogI sthira rahatA huA, AtmasvarUpa kA cintana karatA huA, AtmA dvArA paramAtmapada kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai| isake samasta kArya zIghra hI siddha ho jAte haiN| haThayoga aura rAjayoga kI paddhati ko jainayoga ke sAtha jor3ate hue yogivarya ne jo samanvayAtmaka bhAvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai, vaha nissaMdeha unakI udAra bhAvanA kA dyotaka hai| haThayoga aura rAjayoga kI paddhati ke sAtha unhoMne jaina siddhAntoM ke anusAra AtmA ke mUlaguNoM aura uttaraguNoM ko svIkAra kara yoga paddhati ke sAtha jor3a diyA hai, usase usakA rUpa AdhyAtmika bana gayA hai, kyoMki mUlaguNa, saMvega, nirveda, zIla, vairAgya, saMyama, samiti, gupti Adi sAdhanA ke Antarika pakSoM ke sAtha jur3e hue haiN| rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr. 31 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama khaNDa : - navama Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA ANNANONOM. . A.WINNIN/ .. zrImad rAjacandra vipassanA dhyAna paddhati AcArya tulasI kA manonuzAsana samIkSaNa dhyAna mahAsatI zrI umarAvaku~vara 'arcanA' ma.sA. kA mudrAdhyAna AcArya zivamuni kA dhyAnayoga AcArya mahAprajJa kA prekSAdhyAna . .

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm khaNDa:- navama Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA SMOCRACTINENERA zrImad rAjacandra kI dhyAna sAdhanA : - Adhunika yuga ke jaina paramparA ke dhyAna-sAdhakoM meM zrImad rAjacandra jI kA sthAna sarvopari mAnA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki yazovijayajI ke bAda kAlakrama se jaina paramparA meM dhyAna sAdhanA kI jo vidhiyA~ vikasita huIM unameM vartamAna meM to zrImad rAjacandra kA krama pahalA hI hai| yadyapi zrImad rAjacandra ne apanI dhyAna vidhi ko koI nayA nAma nahIM diyA aura na usake saiddhAntika pakSa ko hI alaga se prastuta kiyaa| unhoMne paramparAgata AdhAroM para hI use prAyogika stara para apane jIvana meM utArane kA prayatna kiyaa| unhoMne svayaM dhyAna kI gaharAiyoM meM utara kara usakA anubhava kiyA hai| unakI kRtiyoM meM dhyAnavidhi kA vivecana to nahIM hai, kintu dhyAna kI anubhUtiyoM kI abhivyakti avazya mila jAtI hai| 'apUrva avasara' meM ve svayaM likhate haiN| eha paramapada prApti, karyu dhyAna me, gajA vagara ne hAla manoratha rUpa jo, to pana nizcaya 'rAjacandra' manane rahyo, prabhu AjJAye thAzuM teja svarUpa jo; zrImad rAjacandra ke anusAra dhyAna kA jo dhyeya rahA hai vaha paramapada arthAt AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa hI hai, isalie unakI dhyAna paddhati ko yadi koI nAma denA hI ho to vaha AtmadhyAna' hI hai, vaha apane hI zuddhasvarUpa kA dhyAna hai| 'adhyAtma rAjacandra' nAmaka kRti meM bhI unakI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi ko 'AtmadhyAna' ke nAma 1. apUrva avasara - 21 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama se hI abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai| zrImad rAjacandra kI dRSTi meM dhyAna svarUpAnubhUti hai| ve svayaM likhate haiM ki 'paramasatya tenuM ame dhyAna karIye chIye' arthAt unake anusAra dhyeya 'paramasatya' hai aura yaha paramasatya anya kucha nahIM zuddha svabhAva dazA meM avasthiti hai| 'adhyAtmarAjacandra' meM spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai ki paramAtmA kA dhyAna karane se hI paramAtmA banA jA sakatA hai| kintu yaha dhyAna satpuruSoM ke caraNa kamala kI vinayopAsanA ke binA sambhava nahIM hai yaha nirgrantha bhagavAna kA sarvotkRSTa vacanAmRta hai| __isa AdhAra para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki zrImad rAjacandra apane hI zuddha paramAtma svarUpa ke dhyAna kA nirdeza karate haiM yaha dhyAna unake jIvana kA aMga rahA hai| unake sampUrNa jIvana kI sAdhanA ko hama dekheM to vaha dhyAna sAdhanA se hI ota-prota hai| zrImad rAjacandra kI ruci dhArmika karmakANDoM meM nahIM rahI, ve sadaiva Atma sAkSAtkAra aura Atmadarzana meM nimagna rahate the| ve svayaM kahate haiM ki 'hasatAM ramatAM pragaTa hari dekhu re' vastuta: yaha dhyAna sAdhanA nirvikalpa sahaja samAdhi kI sthiti hai| dhyAna unake lie upadeza kA viSaya nahIM thA, unake lie to vaha anubhUti kA viSaya thaa| vaha bahirmukhatA kA tyAga kara apane zuddha svarUpa meM avagAhana kI sthiti hai| dhyAna ke lie ve bahirmukhatA kA tyAga Avazyaka mAnate the, kyoMki unakI dRSTi meM dhyAna mAtra cittavRtti kI ekAgratA nahIM hai, apane Apa meM apane zuddhasvarUpa meM DUba jAnA hai| zrImad rAjacandra kI dhyAnavidhi ke sambandha meM zrI brahmacArIjI likhate haiM ki "zAstroM meM dhyAna ke alaga-alaga prakAra batAye haiM, usameM zAstra kI mAnyatA ke anurUpa varNana hotA hai| parantu mukhya dhyAna to satpuruSoM ke vacana meM citta rahe, maMtra meM dhyAna rahe athavA pustaka kA vAcana kare to usameM ekAgratA rahe, yaha saba dharma-dhyAna hI hai| amuka Asana se amuka prakAra se hI dhyAna hotA hai, aisA kucha nahIM hai| saMsAra kA AdhAra kaSAya hai, antarAtmA sadaiva kaSAya ke nivAraNa kA prayatna karatA hai- calate-phirate yadi usI antarAtmA meM mana rahe to vahI dhyAna hai| usameM abhyAsa kI khAsa jarUrata hai|"5 2. adhyAtma rAjacandra, pR. 443 3. vahI, pR. 444 4. vahI, pR. 445 5. zrImad rAjacandra Azrama agAsa 13.8.49 bodhAmRta prathama vibhAga, pR. 34 . wimmmmmmmmmmmmmm 3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki dhyAna ke saMbaMdha meM zrImad rAjacandra kA bala kisI vizeSa vidhi vidhAna para nahIM thaa| unake lie dhyAna sadaiva Atma-sajagatA thA, zuddha svarUpa kI anubhUti thI, apane meM rahane yA jIne kA abhyAsa thaa| vipazyanA evaM jaina dhyAna sAdhanA : vartamAna kAla meM deza-videza meM dhyAnayoga kA vizeSa prakAra se pracAra-prasAra parilakSita hotA hai| isa ora logoM meM abhiruci bhI dikhalAyI par3atI hai| Aja yadyapi bhautika dRSTi se logoM ne bar3I unnati kI hai, kintu janamAnasa aneka samasyAoM se udvigna hai| jyoM-jyoM bhautika upalabdhiyA~ hotI jAtI haiM tyoM-tyoM abhilASAyeM vRddhiMgata hotI jAtI haiM 'icchA hu AgAsasamA aNantayA' bhagavAn mahAvIra kI yaha ukti Aja ke mAnava samudAya meM spaSTa rUpa meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| mAnava yaha jAnate hue bhI ki ye bhautika prAptiyA~ zAnti aura sukha nahIM de sakatIM inase mukha nahIM modd'taa| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha Aja saba kucha pAne para bhI khoyA huA jaisA hai| mAnasika dRSTi se vaha atIva duHkhita evaM udvigna hai| aisI sthiti meM vaha dhyAna ke abhyAsa meM AzA kI kiraNa pAtA hai| dhyAna prAya: sabhI dharmoM meM sAdhanA kA eka mahattvapUrNa aMga hai aura kahA jAtA hai ki usake dvArA sabhI mAnasika samasyAyeM aura svayaM arjita yAtanAyeM bhI miTa sakatI haiN| vaidika tathA jaina Adi paramparAoM ke saMnyAsI, yogI, brahmacArI, zramaNa, muni Adi AdhyAtmikajana kA isa ora vizeSa dhyAna gayA hai aura ve vividha rUpoM meM dhyAna ke prasAra kA prayatna kara rahe haiN| bauddha dharma aura jaina dharma donoM hI zramaNa saMskRti ke do mukhya staMbha rahe haiN| yadyapi donoM kI apanI-apanI dArzanika, tAttvika pRSThabhUmi hai kintu zrAmaNya ke mUla AdarzoM ke rUpa meM unameM bahuta kucha sAmIpya yA naikaTya hai| bauddha dharma ke siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para pichale kaI varSoM se bhAratavarSa meM vipazyanA nAmaka dhyAna kI eka vizeSa paddhati cala rahI hai| usake pratiSThApaka-prasAraka zrI satyanArAyaNa goyanakA haiN| unake anusAra bhagavAn buddha ke samaya meM isa dhyAna paddhati kA hI pracalana thaa| kintu jyoM-jyoM bauddha dharma adhika vistAra pAtA gayA to usake mUla rUpa meM bhI parivartana hotA gyaa| isa dharma kI prAcIna hInayAna paramparA meM sAdhaka apane kalyANa ko hI sarvopari mAnatA thA, usakA lakSya arhat pada pAnA thA, kintu Age calakara jaba bauddha

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dharma kI mahAyAna zAkhA vikasita huI taba taka mAtra apane kalyANa kA lakSya gauNa ho gyaa| karuNA yA loka maMgala ne usakA kI bhAvanA sthAna le liyaa| aisA mAnA gayA ki mahAkaruNA-karuNA kA paramotkRSTa rUpa hai| jaise eka mAtA apane zizu ko sIr3hiyoM se lur3hakatA dekhakara karuNA vihvala hotI huI apane prANoM kA moha tyAga kara use bacAne ko daur3a par3atI hai, usI prakAra manuSya hara kisI prANI ke prati karuNAbhAva se paripUrNa ho jAtA hai, taba vaha mahAkaruNA kA rUpa le letI hai, taba parama jJAnalabhya mahAzUnya kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai jo bauddhadarzana kA parama satya yA nirvANa hai| isa dhArmika vAtAvaraNa meM dhyAna-sAdhanA gauNa hotI gii| Age calakara mahAyAna kA vajrayAna yA sahajayAna yA siddhayAna ke rUpa meM vikAsa huaa| taba isa prAcIna dhyAna sAdhanA kA prAcIna rUpa gauNa ho gyaa| kramaza: vaha vismRta hotI gii| bhArata meM usakA pracAra-prasAra lagabhaga samApta ho gyaa| barmA Adi dezoM meM jo mUlata: hInayAnI bauddha paramparA ke anuyAyI haiM, vahA~ yaha vipazyanA nAmaka dhyAna paddhati surakSita rhii| san 1972 se bhAratavarSa meM puna: isa paddhati kA pracalana huA jo uttarottara vikAsa pAtA gyaa| isake prasAraka zrI satyanArAyaNa jI goyanakA haiN| inake pUrvajoM kA pIr3hiyoM se barmA meM vyApAra thaa| inakA 1924 meM barmA meM hI janma huaa| vahIM ve bar3e hue, zikSA prApta kI tathA vyApAra-udyoga meM laga gye| barmA ke vyAvasAyika evaM udyoga ke kSetra meM inhoMne acchI pratiSThA arjita kii| samAjasevA ke kAryoM meM inheM svabhAvata: acchI ruci thii| eka dharmAnurAgI hindU parivAra meM inakA janma huA thaa| usI ke anurUpa inakI dinacaryA calatI thii| apane vyavasAya evaM parivAra kA sukhapUrvaka saMcAlana, yahI unakA jIvana krama thaa| samRddhi evaM sAdhana bhI yatheSTa parimANa meM the| kucha samaya bAda zrI goyanakA mastaka-pIr3A se bhayaMkara rUpa se pIr3ita ho gye| kabhI-kabhI to vaha pIr3A itanI adhika ho jAtI ki do do-tIna dina taka apanA sira taka nahIM uThA pAte, nizceSTa se par3e rhte| sAdhanasampanna hone ke kAraNa unhoMne barmA meM evaM anya dezoM meM cikitsA karavAyI kintu koI lAbha nahIM ho skaa| barmA meM inhoMne apane hitaiSI mitroM se sunA ki zrI U.vA. khina nAmaka sajjana jo barmA ke mahAlekhAkAra ke pada para kAryazIla haiM, dhyAna-sAdhanA kA abhyAsa karAte haiM, usase mana kA pariSkAra aura vizodhana hotA hai tathA zArIrika vyAdhiyA~ bhI dUra ho jAtI haiN| yadyapi goyanakAjI ko taba taka AdhyAtmika utthAna jaise viSayoM meM koI AkarSaNa ~~~mmmmmmmmmmmm 5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : navama nahIM thA kintu ve mastaka pIr3A se, jo cikitsA dvArA naSTa nahIM ho sakI, bahuta hI duHkhI the| ve vipazyanA ke eka zivira meM gye| yadyapi unheM kahA gayA ki yaha koI zArIrika cikitsA kA kendra nahIM hai phira bhI goyanakAjI ne vipazyanA ke sAdhanA zivira meM bhAga liyaa| __ zvAsa ni:zvAsa ko dekhane, usa ora abhyAsa karane kA vividha rUpoM meM krama claa| zrI goyanakA ne bhI zivirArthiyoM ke sAtha usakA abhyAsa kiyaa| pahale to unheM yaha saba bar3A nIrasa lagA aura ve zivira se lauTane kI taiyArI karane lge| sAthiyoM ke samajhAne para ve zivira ke samApana taka ruke| dhIre-dhIre unheM kucha parivartana pratIta hone lgaa| unakI usameM abhiruci bar3hatI gii| zivira ke samApta hote-hote unhoMne anubhava kiyA ki ve mastaka pIr3A se mukta ho gaye haiN| unhoMne use jIvana kA eka nayA prakAza maanaa| goyanakA ko isase eka nayA jIvana milaa| ve U. vA khina mahodaya kA sAnnidhya prApta karane kA nirantara prayatna karate rhe| U.vA. khina ne barmA ke kisI bauddha bhikSu se vipazyanA kI dhyAna sAdhanA paddhati usake mUla rUpa meM, jaisI vaha vahA~ pracalita thI, prApta kii| zrI U.vA. khina eka ucca rAjakIya adhikArI the| upadeza yA pracAra-prasAra unakA kArya nahIM thaa| ve apanI Antarika zAnti hetu abhyAsa karate aura abhirucizIla janoM ko zikSaNa dene hetu samaya-samaya para kAryakrama Ayojita krte| logoM kA isa ora AkarSaNa bar3hatA gyaa| bAhya roga nivAraNa Adi ke sAthasAtha mAnasika dRSTi se bhI vizeSa phala dRSTigocara hone lge| jIvana meM kAryazakti kA navanirmANa hone lgaa| zrI U.vA. khina mahodaya samaya-samaya para apane vibhAga ke adhikAriyoM aura karmacAriyoM ko bhI apane kAryAlaya ke eka pRthak prakoSTha meM abhyAsa karAte the| Antarika nirmalatA ke sAtha-sAtha bAharI dRSTi se bhI isakA bar3A sundara pariNAma dRSTigocara huaa| karttavyaniSThA evaM caritraniSThA kI dRSTi se bhI vibhAga ke vyaktiyoM ne AzAtIta unnati kii| usa samaya barmA ke prazAsana meM kAryarata adhikAriyoM aura karmacAriyoM meM naitika dRSTi se hrAsa dikhAI detA thaa| sarakAra ne zrI U. vA. khina ko apane unake vibhAga ke atirikta anya vibhAgoM ke adhikAriyoM meM bhI vipazyanA abhyAsa kA kAryakrama calAne kA anurodha kiyaa| tadanurUpa vyApaka kAryakrama calane lgaa| usakA sundara pariNAma dRSTigocara huaa|

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama prazAsakIya sevA se nivRtta hone ke pazcAt zrI U.vA. khina ne apane Apako pUrNatayA isa kArya meM lagA diyaa| zrI satyanArAyaNa goyanakA, nirantara unake samparka meM rahe aura unake mArgadarzana meM dhyAna-sAdhanA meM uttarottara agrasara hote rhe| ve apane dhyeya ke prati samarpita the ata: unhoMne zraddheya guruvara se vaha saba prApta kiyA jo bhagavAna buddha ke paramparAgata srota se sambaddha thaa| zrI U.vA. khina mahodaya ne sAdhanA kI dRSTi se goyanakA ko apane uttarAdhikArI AcArya ke rUpa meM ghoSita kiyaa| unako vipazyanA kI dIkSA dene aura usakA prasAra karane kA adhikAra diyaa| zrI U.vA. khina ke divaMgata ho jAne ke pazcAt zrI goyanakA vipazyanA ke adhikArI AcArya ke rUpa meM sAdhakoM ko dhyAna kA mArgadarzana dene lge| barmA meM eka aisA rAjanaitika daura calA ki vahA~ pravAsa karane vAle bhAratIyoM ko bhArata lauTanA pdd'aa| usI daurAna san 1969 meM kalyANamitra zrI goyanakA bhAratavarSa aae| vipazyanA paddhati yukta dhyAna-sAdhanA isI bhArata bhUmi meM bha. buddha dvArA samupadiSTa huI thii| unake anuyAyI, uttaravartI mahAn bauddha-bhikSuoM ne usakA vyApaka rUpa meM pracAra kiyaa| kintu kAlAntara meM yahA~ se lupta ho gaI, use goyanakA ne puna: prasArita karanA prAraMbha kiyaa| sAdhanA zivira lagAne zurU kiye| deza meM vipazyanA kI carcA hone lgii| jijJAsu bhAI-bahina ziviroM meM sammilita hone lge| videzI jijJAsu jana bhI Ane lge| bhAga lene vAle sabhI sAdhakoM ne nava anubhUti prApta kii| zrI goyanakA kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki yahI vaha mArga hai jisase kleza, azAnti tathA vAsanA se kaluSita jIvana vimukti pA sakatA hai| mahArASTra meM nAsika jile ke antargata igatapurI meM 'vipazyanA vizva vidyApITha' tathA AMdhrapradeza ke antargata 'vipazyanA antararASTrIya sAdhanA kendra' kI sthApanA kI gaI hai jo unake nirdezana meM saMcAlita haiM aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki yogya adhikArI vyakti se hI vipazyanA kA sUkSmadarzana yA abhyAsa krama prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki vipazyanA kevala dArzanika siddhAnta nahIM hai, vaha to apane jIvana meM satya ko kriyAnvita karane kA sAdhana hai, jisakI phala-niSpatti abhyAsa se hI hotI hai| kevala tAttvika carcA evaM vizleSaNa se mahattvapUrNa kucha bhI nahIM pAyA jA sakatA hai| aisA hote hue bhI vipazyanA ke svarUpa kA prAraMbhika tattva yA rUparekhA jijJAsu sAdhakoM ko prApta ho, yaha apekSita hai| isake svarUpa kA samyak bodha vipazyanA ke

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA vijJa abhyAsI janoM ke saMparka aura mArgadarzana se hotA hai| vipazyanA ke sAtha yaha tattvadarzana jur3A hai ki isa jIvana meM loga jo du:kha, azAnti tathA kleza kA anubhava karate haiM usakA mUla kAraNa unake mana meM cirasaMcita kAma, moha, lobha jaise saMskAra haiM / ve bhinna-bhinna sthitiyoM meM jaba ubhAra pAte haiM to unakA mana vikAragrasta ho jAtA hai, unakI zAnti bhaMga ho jAtI hai aura ve du:khita ho jAte haiN| yadyapi rAgadveSa Adi kI parityAjyatA kI loga carcAe~ karate haiM, sunate haiM kintu sthitiyA~ utpanna hotI haiM, taba ve saba bhUla jAte haiN| apane Apako una dUSita sthitiyoM se bacA nahIM pAte, phalataH vicalita ho jAte haiM, vikAragrasta ho jAte haiM / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki hama apane pUrva saMcita kaluSita saMskAroM se pRthaktA nahIM kara pAte taba taka unase nahIM chUTa sakate haiN| khaNDa : navama yadyapi rAga-dveSAtmaka sthitiyoM se bacane kA eka sAdhAraNa upAya yaha hai ki mana meM jaba koI vikAra ubhare, tatkSaNa apane mana ko kisI dUsare viSaya meM lagA diyA jaaye| isakA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki usa samaya to kucha dera ke lie vaha vikAra miTa jAtA hai, kintu samaya pAkara phira ubhara AtA hai| isalie vikAra kA yaha pratikAra kisI sthAyI lAbha kA hetu nahIM banatA / acetana mana meM jo vikArotpAdaka saMskAra saMcita yA vyApta haiM ve to pahale kI jyoM avasthita rahate haiM, ataH jyoM-jyoM prasaMga upasthita hote haiM, ve ubhAra pAte rahate haiM / isake pariNAmasvarUpa jIvana azAnta aura du:khita hotA rahatA hai| isalie yaha Avazyaka hai ki mUla prahAra una vikRta saMskAroM para kiyA jAe / yahA~ prahAra se abhiprAya unakA sUkSmatApUrNa avalokana karanA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa vyakti meM draSTA bhAva jAgRta hogaa| isase sahaja rUpa meM vikAra tathA kAma, krodha, rAga-dveSa, chala-kapaTa Adi kSINa hote jaayeNge| yaha dekhanA yA vizeSa rUpa se dekhanA, atyanta sUkSma rUpa se paryavekSaNa karanA vipazyanA hai| kisI vastu yA padArtha ko sUkSmatApUrNa dekhane se usake satyasvarUpa kA yA usa padArtha kI vAstavikatA kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai, yaha Antarika prakriyA hai jo bahuta hI sUkSma hai, bAhara se jJAta nahIM hotI, kintu anta:karaNa ke bhItara isakA AvartanapratyAvartana hotA rahatA hai| jaba yaha darzana sUkSmatA meM jAtA hai taba usa padArtha athavA vicAra kI heyatA kA anubhava hotA hai jo kevala upadeza - zravaNa yA pustaka - paThana se 8

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama nahIM hotaa| vaha darzana jyoM-jyoM sUkSmatA letA jAtA hai, heya-kSINa hotA jAtA hai| jainAgamoM meM isakA aneka prasaMgoM para ullekha huA hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA hai: udeso pAsagassa ntthi| upadeza pazyakasya (darzakasya) nAsti jo dekhatA hai, usake lie upadeza kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| AcArAMgakAra kA yahA~ Azaya yaha hai ki jaba sAdhaka meM draSTAbhAva sudRr3hatA pA letA hai taba para-padArthoM ke prati usameM audAsInya A jAtA hai, rAga-dveSa Adi vikAroM ko parabhAva mAnakara vaha unase chUTatA jAtA hai| eka-dUsare sthAna para AcArAMga meM kahA gayA hai ki sukha aura duHkha ko jAnakara unakI anatikrAnta avasthAoM kA saMprekSaNa kara usa kSaNa ko jAno-tatkSaNavartI avasthA ko jaano| jo kSaNa ko jAnatA hai vahI paMDita yA jJAnI hai| yahA~ jo saMprekSaNa zabda AyA hai, vaha vipazyanA kA hI saMsUcaka hai| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki hama apane sukha-duHkha ko bhogate to haiM kintu jAnate nhiiN| bhogane meM kartRtva evaM bhoktRtva bhAva hai, jAnane-dekhane meM jJAtA-draSTA bhAva hai| svayaM dekhane aura jAnane, phira apane bhItara usakA anuzIlana karane se viveka jAgRta hotA hai| jaba kisI tattva ko, padArtha ko jAneMge hI nahIM to usakI uttamatA-adhamatA kA bodha kaise hogA ? usake parityAga kA bhAva hI kaise utpanna hogA ? parityAga kiyA nahIM jAtA, vaha ho jAtA hai aura taba hotA hai jaba parityAjya yA pariheya bhAva yA padArtha ko vyakti dekha letA hai, jAna letA hai, viveka dvArA usakI vyarthatA kA use bodha ho jAtA hai to use chUTate dera nahIM lgtii| AcArAMgakAra dvArA kahe gaye uparyukta kathana kA yahI sAra hai, vipazyanA kA bhI yahI hArda hai| jaina AgamoM meM vipazyanA aura prekSA donoM zabda prApta hote haiN| donoM kA lagabhaga eka hI Azaya hai| vipazyanA ke sAtha lagA huA vi upasarga viziSTatA yA sUkSmatA kA dyotaka hai| IkSA ke pUrva lagA huA 'pra' upasarga prakRta yA utkRSTa kA dyotaka hai| arddhamAgadhI prAkRta meM prekSA ke lie pekkhA kA prayoga huA hai| vipazyanA ke lie pAli aura prAkRta meM 'vipassanA' kA prayoga huA hai| vipazyanA aura prekSA usake saMskRta rUpa haiN| saMskRta meM dRz dhAtu ko pazya Adeza hotA hai| pazyati pazyanti Adi usI ke rUpa haiN| pAli aura prAkRta meM dRz dhAtu ke sAtha-sAtha pazya (pazya) pRthak dhAtu

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama rahI hai| isalie usase sIdhA vipazyanA zabda bana jAtA hai| yadi bhASAzAstrIya dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAya to aisA anumAna hotA hai ki bhAropIya bhASA parivAra meM prArambhase hI dekhane ke artha meM ina donoM hI dhAtuoM kA prayoga hotA rahA hai| Age calakara saMskRta meM kevala isa artha meM dRz dhAtu hI avaziSTa rahI hai| pAli aura prAkRta meM donoM dhAtue~ vidyamAna rhiiN| . jaina vAGmaya aura bauddha vAGmaya meM pracalita ina donoM zabdoM para vicAra karane se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki vipazyanA paddhati ko prekSA yA saMprekSaNa ke AdhAra para kI jAne vAlI dhyAna-sAdhanA kA paryAya kahA jA sakatA hai| usameM bauddha darzana sammata tattvoM kA AdhAra jur3atA rhaa| ata: apane Apa ko anta:riktIkaraNa-apane Apako bhItara se khAlI karane ke udyama ke rUpa meM eka vizeSa bhAva aura judd'aa| jaba sAdhaka zvAsa Adi kA prekSaNa kare, usakA usa samaya yaha prayAsa rahe ki nirantara Ate rahane vAle dUsare bhAvoM se vaha apane Apa ko khAlI karatA jaae| apane Apako rikta karane kI yaha prakriyA jaba bahuta U~cA sthAna prApta kara letI hai taba phira koI bhI bhAva bAkI nahIM raha jAtA hai| bauddha darzana meM use mahAzUnya kahA jAtA hai jo parinirvANa kA sUcaka hai| bauddha dArzanikoM ne use abhAvamUlaka nahIM mAnA hai kintu nirvANa ke rUpa meM sadbhAvamaya svIkAra kiyA hai| use parabrahma yA siddha paramezvara kI taraha zabdoM dvArA anirvacanIya batalAyA hai| vipazyanA kA abhyAsa zvAsa-aMga-pratyaMga Adi ke vIkSaNa dvArA mana kI ekAgratApUrvaka pUrva-saMcita saMskAroM kA nAza kara parama zAnti ke, parinirvANa ke mArga kI ora le jAtA hai| manogata vikAroM kA miTanA, dUSita saMskAroM kA prakSAlana, anta:karaNa kA parimArjana, draSTA bhAva kA udaya, kartAbhAva kA vilaya ye saba isa sAdhanA meM sadhate jAte haiN| jisakA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki sAdhaka kA aihika yA sAMsArika jIvana bhI sukhamaya bana jAtA hai kyoMki jaba draSTA yA darzaka bhAva udita rahatA hai to ahaMkAra yA abhimAna, Asakti-mamatva-moha ye sahaja hI apagata hote jAte haiN| vipazyanA meM zvAsozvAsa aura zArIrika spandanoM ko dekhane ke krama meM vaha * er3I se coTI taka deha ke sAre aMgopAMgoM ko dekhane kA abhyAsa karatA hai| yaha dekhane kA krama aMgoM ke bAhya-Abhyantara, cArmagata-dhamanIgata, atyanta sUkSma spandana, saMvedana rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr 10 rrrrrrrrrrrrrr~

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khaNDa : navama __ jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama taka jAtA hai| aMga-aMga meM utpanna hote, vilIna hote, puna: utpanna hote evaM vilIna hote-jAte saMvedanoM kA sAkSI-bhAva se darzana, unakA anityatA kA, azAzvatatA kA evaM nazvaratA kA svarUpa siddha karatA hai| mana meM vaisA sthApita hotA hai jisase vikAra ke sAtha mana kA tAdAtmya sahaja hI TUTa jAtA hai| jisa taraha vRkSa kA jIrNa pattA zIghra hI jhar3a jAtA hai usI taraha ve vikAra bhI miTate jAte haiN| yaha zvAsa-prekSaNa, aMgapratyaMgAdi kA bAhya evaM Antarika dRSTi se prekSaNa, unake saMvedanoM kA anubhavana kevala jAnane evaM samajhane mAtra se siddha nahIM hotA, usake lie suyogya guru kI sannidhi meM vidhivat abhyAsa karanA atyanta apekSita hai| vipazyanA kI abhyAsa-paddhati meM pahale AnApAnasati kA abhyAsa Avazyaka hai| yaha bauddha darzana kA zabda hai jo zvAsa-prazvAsa kA dyotaka hai| isake anusAra mana ko atIta, anAgata, manojJa-amanojJa, rAga-dveSa Adi se prasUta kalpanAoM se haTAkara vartamAna kSaNa meM bAhara jAte, bhItara Ate zvAsa-prazvAsa ko jo nAsikA meM sparzamUlaka anubhUtiyA~ hotI haiM unako dekhane aura jAnane kA prayatna karanA hai| sAdhaka yaha dekhatA rahatA hai| zvAsa nAsikA kA sparza karatA huA bAhara nikala rahA hai| sparza karatA huA bhItara jA rahA hai| zvAsa ke bAhara nikalate samaya aura bhItara jAte samaya vaha nAsikA ke bhItarI bhAga kA sparza karatA hai| usa sparza para sAdhaka apane mana ko preSita karatA hai aura anubhava karatA hai| yahI krama calatA rahatA hai| zvAsa kevala Ate-jAte samaya nAsikA kA hI sparza nahIM karatA, kintu vaha deha ke antarvartI bhAgoM kA bhI sparza karatA hai| nAsikA unameM kendra rUpa yA mukhya hai kyoMki isake dvArA hI zvAsa kA bAhara nikalanA yA bhItara AnA hotA hai| AnApAnasati ke anantara sAdhaka vipazyanA para AtA hai jo usakA sUkSma agrima rUpa hai| jaisA pahale sUcita kiyA gayA hai vahA~ vaha apane mastaka se paira ke aMgUThe taka hone vAle saMvedanoM ko dekhatA hai, jAnatA hai| usakI A~kheM mUMdI rahatI haiN| prazikSaNa ke nirdezoM evaM saMketoM ke anusAra mana dvArA samasta deha kI parikramA karatA hai| yaha dekhane yA anubhava karane kI parikramAmUlaka prakriyA aura adhika gaharAI taka calI jAtI hai jisase vaha deha ke kisI bhI bhAga para hone vAlI atyanta sUkSma se bhI sUkSma siharana taka kA anubhava karatA hai| zarIra kA pratyeka bhautika paramANu pratikSaNa nirmita ho rahA hai, vinaSTa ho rahA hai| vaha aisA jAnatA hai, anubhava karatA hai|

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : navama bauddha darzana ke anusAra padArtha kA astitva to kSaNavartI hai| isalie ise kSaNikavAdI yA anityatvavAdI kahA jAtA hai| kSaNoM kA santAna yA tAnoM-bAnoM kA yoga hI mUrta rUpa meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| udAharaNArtha-jala kA pravAha ekarUpa dikhalAI detA hai, kintu vahA~ pravAha meM Ane-jAne vAle jalakaNoM kA pichale jalakaNa nirantara sthAna lete rahate haiN| yaha itanI sUkSma prakriyA hai ki dRSTigocara nahIM hotii| kintu tattvata: padArtha kA apanA ekAkAra rUpa nahIM hai, vaha to kSaNa-kSaNavartI kaNa-kaNa ke saMyoga kA pratiphalana hai| vipazyanA kA sAdhaka sAkSIbhAva se isa anityatA kA apanI deha meM darzana karatA rahatA hai| kSaNa bhara meM usakA mana mastiSka se paira taka, mukha ke tAlu se aMguSTha taka, roma-roma taka yAtrA karatA jAtA hai| kSaNavartI, pratikSaNa vinazvara paramANuoM ke pratikSaNa antardarzana kI jo sthiti banatI hai vaha sAdhaka meM sAkSIbhAva yA draSTAbhAva utpanna karatI hai| isakA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki usa vyakti ke mana meM phira vikAra utpanna nahIM hote| usake acetana mana meM saMcita saMskAra, yahA~ par3I huI granthiyA~ miTa jAtI haiN| vastuta: yaha to abhyAsa kA viSaya hai, vyAkhyA kA nhiiN| bauddha darzana ke kSaNikavAdI aura zUnyavAdI darzana para yaha paddhati AdhArita hai| dArzanika dRSTi se kSaNikavAda para aneka mahAyAnI AcAryoM ne naiyAyika zailI se saMskRta meM bar3e-bar3e grantha likhe haiM kyoMki vaha yuga vibhinna matavAdiyoM meM paraspara zAstrArtha aura tAttvika vAda-vivAda kI mukhyatA liye hue thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki mahAyAna aura usakI uttaravartI paramparA ke yuga meM buddhakAlIna yaha dhyAna paddhati vismRta sI hotI gii| kalyANamitra goyanakAjI evaM unake anuyAyiyoM ke prayAsa se bhAratavarSa tathA katipaya anya dezoM meM bhI isake aneka kendra kAryazIla haiN| jainadhyAna paddhati ke sAtha isakI sampUrNata: saMgati to siddha nahIM hotI kintu vipazyanA-saMprekSaNa-antarvIkSaNa tathA tadgata saMvedanAnubhava Adi dRSTi se donoM meM sAmaMjasya siddha hotA hai| sAkSIbhAva yA draSTAbhAva para vipazyanA paddhati meM jo jora diyA gayA hai vaha vAstava meM sAdhaka ko vicAramukta hone kA eka mArga detA hai| yaha vaha mArga hai jise jaina tIrthaMkara dharmapratiSThApaka anAdikAla se batalAte A rahe haiN| AtmA jaba vizuddhAvasthA prApta kara letA hai taba vaha sarvathA jJAyaka svarUpa ho jAtA hai| mAtra jJAtA ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama draSTA rahatA hai| jaina jagat ke mahAn AcArya kunda kunda ne apane 'samayasAra', 'pravacanasAra' Adi granthoM meM zuddhAtmA - AtmA ke jJAyakasvarUpa kA bar3e vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai aura unhoMne batalAyA hai ki isakI anubhUti hI parama satya kI anubhUti hai / yahI nizcaya dRSTi hai jisameM kisI bhI prakAra kA vivAda yA saMzaya nahIM hai| isake atirikta jagat ke sabhI bhAva vyAvahArika haiM, para haiN| vyavahAra se nizcaya meM lauTanA hI zuddha svarUpa kA adhigama hai| khaNDa : navama kalyANamitra zrI satyanArAyaNa goyanakA ke zabdoM meM vipazyanA satya kI upAsanA hai| vartamAna kSaNa meM jIne kA abhyAsa hai / vaha kSaNa jisameM bhUta kI athavA bhaviSya kI koI kalpanA nhiiN| yAdoM kI Akula AheM athavA svapnoM kI vyAkula cAheM nahIM / AvaraNa, mAyA, viparyAsa, bhrama-1 - bhrAMti - vihIna isa kSaNa kA jo satya hai, jaisA bhI hai use ThIka vaisA hI, usake sahI svabhAva meM dekhanA - samajhanA yahI vipazyanA hai / vipazyanA samyakdarzana hai| vipazyanA samyak jJAna hai / vipazyanA samyak AcaraNa hai| vipazyanA Atmadarzana, AtmanirIkSaNa, Atma-parIkSaNa hai| svayaM apanA lekhAjokhA rakhate rahane kI jAgarukatA vipazyanA hai| ajJAna se jJAna, maila se nirmalatA, roga se Arogya, duHkha se duHkhavimukti kI ora bar3hate rahane kA svaprayAsa vipazyanA hai| vipazyanA AtmasaMvara hai / apane mana para maila na car3hane kA saMvara / vipazyanA Atma-nirjarA hai| apane mana ke purAne maila utAra pheMkane kI nirjarA / nayA maila koI dUsarA nahIM, hama svayaM moha - vimUr3ha hokara car3hAte rahate haiM / ataH svayaM hI prayatnapUrvaka satata jAgarUka rahakara nayA maila na car3hane denA vipazyanA hai / purAnA maila kisI anya nahIM, pramAdavaza svayaM hamane car3hAyA hai| ise dUra karane kI sArI jimmedArI hamArI apanI hai, kisI anya kI nahIM / ataH apanA purAnA maila svayaM utArate rahanA vipazyanA hai| dhIraja-pUrvaka prayatna karate hue thor3A-thor3A maila utArate raheMge to eka dina pUrNa nirmalatA prApta ho hI jaaegii| mana nirmala hogA to sadguNoM se bhara jAegA, dUSita mana para AdhArita sAre zArIrika roga, sAre duHkha svataH dUra ho jaaeNge| vipazyanA ArogyavardhinI saMjIvana auSadhi hai, cittazodhanI dharma- gaMgA hai, du:kha nirodhagAminI pratipadA hai, muktidAyinI dharmavIthI hai / vipazyanA zIla, samAdhi meM sthita hokara antarprajJA jAgrata karane kA pAlana 13 :

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama abhyAsa hai| sthitaprajJa hone kA zubhAyAsa hai| yahI vipazyanA hai| vipazyanA nissaMga darzana hai, nirlipta nirIkSaNa hai, nitAMta anAsakti hai| vipazyanA Atma-zuddhi hai, Atma-vimukti hai| vikAra-vimukta zuddha citta meM maitrI aura karuNA kA ajasra jharanA anAyAsa jharatA rahatA hai| yahI mAnava jIvana kI carama upalabdhi hai| yahI vipazyanA sAdhanA kI carama pariNati hai|' AcArya tulasI kA manonuzAsana' : ___jaina AmnAya ke prabuddhacetA, dharmaprabhAvaka AcAryoM evaM muniyoM ne jaina vidyA, darzana, sAhitya, yoga Adi ke sandarbha meM samaya-samaya para jo mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye haiM, ve jaina itihAsa ke gauravAspada pRSTha haiM, Aja bhI ve jijJAsu evaM mumukSujanoM ke lie preraNAspada haiN| AcAra-vicAra viSayaka katipaya bhinnatAoM ke bAvajUda jaina saMskRti, dharma aura darzana eka vyApaka rUpa liye hue hai, jo anekAnta kI dRSTi se sabhI paramparAoM ko apane meM samAviSTa kara letA hai| vartamAna zatAbdI meM jaina dharma ke jina mahApuruSoM ne dharmaprabhAvanA, lokajAgaraNa evaM jaina tattva-jJAna ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se jo mahanIya kArya kiye haiM, unameM AcArya zrI tulasI kA nAma bar3e Adara ke sAtha lene yogya hai| __AcArya zrI tulasI zvetAmbara paramparA ke antarvartI terApaMtha dharmasaMgha ke navama AcArya the| rAjasthAna ke mAravAr3a saMbhAga ke antargata lADanUM meM unakA janma huaa| nau varSa kI alpAyu meM ve terApaMtha ke aSTamAcArya zrI kAlU gaNi ke dvArA dIkSita hue| unhIM kI chatra-chAyA meM unhoMne vidyAdhyayana kiyaa| unake vidyAdhyayana ke ananya sahayogI evaM mArgadarzaka Azu kaviratna paM. raghunandana zarmA the| vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, nyAya, darzana Adi kA unhoMne gahana adhyayana kiyaa| jaina Agama evaM zAstroM kA adhyayana unhoMne apane parama pUjya guruvarya se tathA vidvAn santoM se kiyaa| bAvIsa varSa kI avasthA meM hI ve terApaMtha dharmasaMgha ke AcArya pada para samAsIna hue| 6. dharma jIvana jIne kI kalA : vipazyanA kyA hai ? 65-67 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 14 Mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama __unake yuvAhRdaya meM jaina saMskRti, vidyA aura sAdhanA ke vikAsa ke aneka svapna the, jinheM pUrA karane ke lie ve apane sahavartI sAdhuoM sahita saMlagna hue| unakA aisA cintana thA ki jaina Agama, zAstra tathA tatsambaddha viSayoM ke uccastarIya adhyayana, anusaMdhAna, anuzIlana Adi kA adhikAdhika prasAra ho| isake lie lADanUM (rAjasthAna) meM jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna kI sthApanA kI gii| usase kaI varSa pUrva dIkSArthinI bahanoM ke adhyayana ke lie pAramArthika zikSaNa saMsthAna nAmaka vidyApITha kI sthApanA ho cukI thI, jisameM dIkSArthinI bahanoM ke adhyayana tathA zramaNajIvanocita kriyAbhyAsa Adi kI sundara vyavasthA hai| vaha saMsthA isa samaya brAhmI vidyApITha ke rUpa meM kAryarata hai| jaina vizva bhAratI meM adhyayana-adhyApana, sAhitya-sarjana-anusaMdhAna Adi ke kArya uttarottara bar3hate gaye taba use (Deemed University) mAnya vizvavidyAlaya kA sthAna prApta karAne kA samAja kI ora se prayatna kiyA gyaa| saMsthAna kI gatividhi kA avalokana-paryavekSaNakara use bhArata sarakAra aura yU.jI.sI. kI ora se 'DImDa yUnivarsiTI' kI mAnyatA pradAna kI gii| prAkRta, jainadarzana, jIvana vijJAna, ahiMsAdarzana ityAdi ke rUpa meM vahA~ aneka vibhAga kAryazIla haiN| aneka chAtra-chAtrAe~ anusaMdhAna meM rata haiN| patrAcAra ke rUpa meM bI.e. tathA ema.e. ke pAThyakrama bhI cala rahe haiN| isa prakAra yahA~ jaina-vidyA ke vyApaka prasAra kA eka sundara upakrama hai| unake AcAryakAla kA dUsarA caraNa jana-jana ke AdhyAtmika evaM naitika utthAna kI dRSTi se bar3A mahattvapUrNa rhaa| unhoMne jainadharma kI vrata-paramparA ke AdhAra para lokajanita dRSTi se eka aise Andolana kA saMpravartana kiyA jisake AdhAra para jana-jana kI naitika burAiyA~ dUra ho sakeM aura ve AdhyAtmika dizA meM Age bar3ha skeN| jaina AgamoM kA vivecanAtmaka, vizleSaNAtmaka rUpa meM unake sAnnidhya meM saMpAdana huA jisakA mukhya dAyitva unake pramukha antevAsI muni zrI nathamala jI, vartamAna meM AcArya mahAprajJa para rhaa| AcArya tulasI ne saMskRta meM 'jaina siddhAnta dIpikA' evaM 'bhikSu nyAyakarNikA' granthoM kI racanA kii| rAjasthAnI ke ve prakhara pratibhAzAlI mahAkavi the| apane guruvarya AcArya zrI kAlUgaNi ke jIvana para unake dvArA racita 'kAlU yazovilAsa' nAmaka mahAkAvya hai jo nissandeha rAjasthAnI sAhitya ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 15 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA kI vartamAnayugIna mahAn kRti hai / AcArya zrI tulasI kI yoga meM ananya ruci aura AsthA thI / ve kevala isake adhyetA hI nahIM the varan isake abhyAsI bhI the / unhoMne jaina yoga para 'manonuzAsanam' nAmaka grantha kI saMskRta meM sUtrabaddha zailI meM racanA kI / yogasAdhanA meM citta yA mana kA sabase adhika mahattva hai| yaha mana hI aisA hai jo yadi duzcintana se grasta aura duSpravRtta ho jAya to manuSya ko patana ke atyanta gahare garta meM dhakela sakatA hai| vahI yadi sat cintana meM saMlagna ho jAya to unnati ke ucca zikhara taka pahu~cA sakatA hai| dhyAna sAdhanA to vizeSa rUpa se mana yA citta ke sAtha hI jur3I huI hai| isake lie mana ko anuzAsita, niyaMtrita yA suvyavasthita karanA parama Avazyaka hai| AcArya zrI tulasI ke 'manonuzAsanam' meM isI viSaya ko lekara jaina saiddhAntika dRSTi se aura svAnubhUti ke AdhAra para vivecana kiyA gayA hai| khaNDa : navama IP yaha grantha sAta prakaraNoM meM vibhakta hai| pahale prakaraNa meM mana kI paribhASA, indriya aura mana, AtmA kA svarUpa, baddha aura mukta AtmA kI paribhASA, AtmA ke prakAra, Atmazodhana meM yoga kA sthAna, zodhana aura nirodha kI prakriyA, AhArazuddhi, indriyazuddhi, zvAsocchvAsa zuddhi aura kAyazuddhi tathA mana - vAkzuddhi ke upAyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya prakaraNa ke pahale sUtra se caudahaveM sUtra taka mUr3ha, vikSipta yAtAyAta, zliSTa, sulIna, niruddha mana taka ina chaha bhedoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne apane 'yogazAstra' meM mUr3ha se sulIna mana taka pA~ca bhedoM kA anubhUti ke AdhAra para vivecana kiyA hai| AcArya tulasI ne niruddha mana ke nAma se chaThA bheda aura jor3a diyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki jo mana mithyAdRSTi tathA cAritramoha se vyApta hotA hai, use mUMr3ha kahA jAtA hai, vaisA mana yogasAdhanA ke yogya nahIM hotA kyoMki jisakI dRSTi samyak nahIM hotI, jisakA cAritra vrata yA yama-niyama Adi se yukta nahIM hotA vaha vyakti yogasAdhanA kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki usake mana meM to mohaprasUta mUr3hatA vyApta rahatI hai| vikSipta mana kA vivecana karate hue unhoMne likhA hai jo mana idhara-udhara vicaraNa karatA rahatA hai use vikSipta kahA jAtA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne vikSipta mana 16

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama ko cala kahA hai| tadanusAra vaha kabhI bAhara calA jAtA hai, kabhI bhiitr| unhoMne use iSTa bhI kahA hai arthAt vaha Anandaprada bhI hai kyoMki vaha antarAtmA meM jAkara kucha hI samaya taka sthira hotA hai| ve kSaNa usake lie Anandaprada hote haiN| AcArya zrI tulasI ne antarAtmA meM sthira hone kI mana kI sthiti kI iSTatA yA AnandapradatA kI carcA nahIM kI hai| unhoMne usakA kisI eka viSaya para nizcala nahIM honA batAyA hai| yAtAyAta mana ko unhoMne kabhI antarmukhI banane, kabhI bahirmukhI banane vAlA kahA hai| hemacandra bhI lagabhaga aisA hI kahate haiN| vikSipta aura yAtAyAta ye donoM mAnasika sthitiyA~, jo yoga kA prArambhika abhyAsa karate haiM, unameM prakaTa hotI haiN| Age unhoMne kahA hai ki ina donoM mAnasika bhUmikAoM ke vikalpapUrvaka bAhya vastuoM kA grahaNa hotA rahatA hai| isalie inameM jo sthiratA hotI hai usakI mAtrA aura kAla svalpa hotA hai| jo mana apane dhyeya meM sthira bana jAtA hai use zliSTa kahA hai| jo apane dhyeya meM lIna yA tanmaya bana jAtA hai use sulIna kahA jAtA hai| jisa yogI kI dhyAnAbhyAsa kI bhUmikA paripakva ho jAtI hai, usa yogI ke mana kI ye donoM bhUmikAyeM niSpanna hotI haiN| inameM bAhya vastuoM kA grahaNa nahIM hotaa| ataeva bhUmikAoM meM sthiratA evaM dRr3hatA, dIrghakAlIna hotI hai tathA sahajAnanda kI vipula anubhUti hone lagatI hai| ina donoM manoM kA viSaya Atmagata sUkSmadhyeya hI hotA hai| ___ jaba mana bAhya ADambaroM se zUnya hokara kevala AtmA meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, sabhI bAhya Alambana nirodha pA lete haiM taba usa mana ko niruddha kahA jAtA hai| yaha bhUmikA vItarAgAvasthA se prApta hotI hai| __ AcArya tulasI ne jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha AcArya hemacandra dvArA kiye gaye vizleSaNa kA hI sundara aura pariSkRta rUpa hai, jisase pAThaka isa viSaya ko vizadatApUrvaka AtmasAt kara ske| niruddha mana ke rUpa meM AcArya tulasI ne jisa bheda kI parikalpanA kI hai vaha mana kI sUkSmatama parikalpanA sthiti ke paryavekSaNa kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai kyoMki sulInatA kA agrima caraNa niruddhatA hai| sulInatA meM to mana kA astitva banA rahatA hai, niruddhatA meM isakA vilaya ho jAtA hai| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 17 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama tIsare prakaraNa meM dhyAna kI paribhASA, dhyAna ke sahAyaka tattva, dhyAna aura AhAra, dhyAna aura Asana ityAdi viSayoM ke sAtha-sAtha mauna, pratisaMlInatA, svAdhyAya evaM vyutsarga Adi kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna kI paribhASA karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki kisI Alambana para mana ko saMniviSTa karanA-TikAnA athavA mana-vacana evaM zarIra ke yogoM evaM pravRtti kA nirodha karanA dhyAna hai|' - AcArya tulasI ke dvArA kI gaI isa paribhASA meM jaina yoga evaM pAtaMjala yoga dvArA diye gaye dhyAna ke lakSaNoM kA samAveza hai| ekAgracintana aura cittavRtti-nirodha donoM hI isameM A jAte haiN| yadi sUkSmatA meM jAyeM to jahA~ citta kI ekAgratA hotI hai vahA~ yogoM kA nirodha bhI ho jAtA hai| caitasika ekAgratA aura yoganirodha lagabhaga anyonyAzrita haiN| phira bhI spaSTIkaraNa kI dRSTi se isa paribhASA kI apanI upayogitA hai| tatpazcAt unhoMne UnodarI, rasaparityAga, upavAsa, sthAna, Asana, mauna, pratisaMlInatA, svAdhyAya, bhAvanA evaM vyutsarga kA ullekha kiyA hai jo dhyAna meM sahAyaka haiN| usake bAda UnodarI-alpAhAra, rasaparityAga aura upavAsa ko paribhASita kiyA hai kyoMki dhyAnayogI ke lie AhAra kA vizeSa mahattva hai| laghu, sAttvika, supathya AhAra use pramAda, Alasya aura avasAda se dUra rakhatA hai| sthAna yA Asana kA lakSaNa batalAte hue unhoMne kahA hai-zarIra ko vidhivat sthira banAnA, sthira banAkara baiThanA, sthAna yA Asana kahA jAtA hai| khar3e hokara, baiThakara, leTakara kiye jAne vAle AsanoM ke AdhAra para unhoMne UrdhvasthAna, niSIdana sthAna, zayana sthAna ke rUpa meM Asana ke tIna bheda batalAye haiN|10 Age unhoMne tInoM bhedoM kI carcA kI hai|11 mauna, pratisaMlInatA, svAdhyAya, 7. manonuzAsanam 3.1 8. vahI, 3.2-5 9. vahI, 3.6 10. vahI, 3.7 11. vahI, 3.8-11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 18 ~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama vyutsarga-kAyotsarga kA varNana karane ke bAda unhoMne anityAdi dvAdaza bhAvanAoM evaM maitryAyAdi cAra bhAvanAoM kA vivecana kiyA hai|12 caturtha prakaraNa meM granthakAra ne dhyAtA kA lakSaNa, usake guNa, dhyAna kI prakriyA, dhyAnamudrA, dhyAna ke liye upayogI sthAna, Asana, dhyAna ke bheda, sAlambana dhyAna ke prakAra, prekSA kI paribhASA, pArthivI Adi dhAraNAyeM, padastha, rUpastha, rUpAtIta dhyAna, nirAlambana dhyAna kA svarUpa, samAdhi kI paribhASA, usake upAya, lezyA kA lakSaNa usake bheda ityAdi viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA hai jo dhyAnayoga meM sahayogI haiN| dhyAtA ko paribhASita karate hue granthakAra ne kahA hai ki jisa vyakti meM apane svarUpa ko adhigata karane kI, jAnane kI abhIpsA hotI hai, vahI dhyAna kA adhikArI hotA hai| vaha adhikArI svastha, dRr3ha zarIrayukta, vinIta, kalaharahita, arasalolupa, apramatta, Alasyarahita ho| yaha vAMchita hai| dhyAna kA adhikArI mumukSu-mokSAbhilASI, saMvRtta karmAvaraNoM kA saMvaraNa karane meM lIna tathA sthita Azaya yukta yA caitasika caMcalatA rahita ho,13 yaha bhI apekSita hai| dhyAnAbhyAsI kisa prakAra dhyAna meM saMlagna ho, isakA nirUpaNa karate hue granthakAra ne likhA hai ki vaha apanI deha ko Age kI ora thor3I jhukAyI rakhe, netroM ko banda rakhe, apanI indriyoM ko viSayoM se nivRtta kiyA rahe, zarIra ko susthira-zithila banAye rahe, bA~hoM ko ghuTanoM kI ora pralambita kara pairoM kI er3iyoM ko paraspara milAkara pUrva dizA yA uttara dizA kI ora mu~ha kara dhyAna kA abhyAsa kare athavA vaha padmAsana Adi meM sthira hokara dhyAna kre|14 __dhyAna ke batalAye gaye upayogI sthala lagabhaga usI prakAra ke haiM, jaisA prAcIna granthoM meM prApta hotA hai| unhoMne jaina paramparAnugata sAlambana aura nirAlambana ke rUpa meM dhyAna ke do bheda batalAye haiN| sAlambana dhyAna ke bhedoM meM unhoMne piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha, rUpAtIta dhyAna 12. vahI, 3.12-27 13. vahI, 4.1-4 14. vahI, 4.5-6 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 19 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : navama kA vivecana kiyA hai jinakA AcArya zubhacandra ke 'jJAnArNava' aura hemacandra ke 'yogazAstra' meM ullekha huA hai| tatpazcAt pArthivI, AgneyI, mAruti, vAyavI, dhAraNAoM kA, jo pUrvavartI jaina yoga ke granthoM meM vyAkhyAta haiM, saMkSepa meM sUcana kiyA hai| pArthivI dhAraNA ke sambandha meM likhA hai-apane AdhArabhUta sthAna pRthvI, samudra, parvata Adi vizAla AkAra kA vimarza karanA, usa para cintana ko ekAgra karanA, phira una para apane ko sthita mAnakara apanI AtmA ke sAmarthya kA udbhAvana karanA athavA apane sarva zakti sampanna vItarAga svarUpa kA anubhava karanA pArthivI dhAraNA hai| nAbhi meM parikalpita kamala ke prajvalita hone ke kAraNa saba doSa dagdha hote jA rahe haiM,aisA anubhava karanA Agneya dhAraNA hai, nAbhikamala meM doSoM ke dagdha ho jAne ke kAraNa jo bhasma rUpa avazeSa rahatA hai use pracaNDa vAyu kA jhoMkA ur3Akara le jA rahA hai, sarvatra vikIrNa kara rahA hai, aisA cintana karanA mAruti dhAraNA hai| usa avaziSTa bhasma ke prakSAlanArtha vizAla megharAzi kI anubhUti karanA vAruNI dhAraNA haiN|15 padastha dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki jo zrutajJAna OM, hrIM, haiM namo arahatANaM, a, si, A, u, sA Adi zabda-mantroM, zabdoM evaM nAmoM kA Alambana lekara kiyA jAtA hai, vaha padastha dhyAna hai| jo saMsthAna AkRti-vizeSa kA Alambana lekara kiyA jAtA hai vaha rUpastha dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| jo saba prakAra ke karmarUpa mala se rahita parama jyotirmaya svarUpa AtmA ke amUrta svarUpa kA Alambana lekara kiyA jAtA hai, vaha rUpAtIta dhyAna haiN|16 Age unhoMne dhyAna evaM svAdhyAya kI vilakSaNatA yA bheda batalAte hue likhA hai-svAdhyAya aura dhyAna meM yaha antara hai ki dhyAna meM tanmayatA hotI hai| svAdhyAya meM saMlagnatA hotI haiN|17 jo nirvicAra-vicAroM aura bhAvoM se atIta hotA hai usa dhyAna ko nirAlambana dhyAna kahA jAtA hai|18 15. vahI, 4.16-21 16. vahI, 4.22-24 17. vahI, 4.25 18. vahI, 4.26

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jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM kA sUtra meM jo saMkSipta lakSaNa diyA gayA hai, usameM tadgata mUla tattva kA hI saMketa hai| utane mAtra se abhyAsI ke lie unake vizada rUpa ko svAyatta karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH una sUtroM kI hindI meM jo vyAkhyA kI gaI hai, usameM dhAraNAoM kI parikalpanAoM kA vistAra se ullekha hai / prAcIna AcAryoM ne ina dhAraNAoM kA jo varNana kiyA hai, 'manonuzAsanam' meM tadviSayaka sUtroM kI vyAkhyA meM usakA saMkSipta rUpa prAMjala evaM sarala bhASA meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai jo pAThakoM evaM abhyAsiyoM ke lie upayogI hai| khaNDa : navama pA~caveM prakaraNa meM prANavAyu kI paribhASA, isake bheda, vAyuvijaya ke sAdhana, kUrma nAr3I, kaMThakUpa, jihvAgra, nAsAgra, cakSu kamala tathA brahmarandhra meM vAyudhAraNa lAbha Adi kA vivecana hai / 'yogazAstra' meM vAyuvijaya Adi ke sandarbha meM jo vivecana AyA hai, usakA parimArjita evaM lokopayogI rUpa meM granthakAra ne vizleSaNa kiyA hai| pAtaMjala yoga kA pahalA aMga yama hai / yama kA artha AtmasaMyama yA apane Apa ko hiMsA Adi se bacAnA hai / yamoM ke sthAna meM jainadharma meM mahAvratoM kA ullekha hai, vrata ke sAtha jur3A huA mahA zabda unakI vizeSatA kA dyotaka hai| jaina dharma meM mahAvrata dvArA vratoM kA vaha rUpa gRhIta hai, jisameM mana vacana, kAya yoga aura kRtakArita anumodita karaNa kI dRSTi se koI bhI apavAda svIkRta nahIM hai| vahA~ saba sthitiyoM meM sAvadyakAryoM ke varjana kA vidhAna hai| mahAvrata zabda pAtaMjala yoga dvArA nirUpita yamoM kI vyAkhyA meM prayukta huA hai / vahA~ bhI aisA hI mAnA gayA hai ki yama jaba deza, kAla, sthiti Adi kisI bhI apekSA sarvathA hiMsAdi doSoM ke varjana ke sAtha paripAlita hote haiM taba mahAvrata kahe jAte haiN| vahA~ koI vikalpa yA apavAda svIkRta nahIM hai| yahA~ jaina darzana aura yoga darzana kI vicAradhArA samAnatA pA letI hai| - 'manonuzAsanam' ke racayitA ne isa grantha ke chaThe prakaraNa meM mahAvratoM kI paribhASA, ahiMsA, satya, brahmacarya, aparigraha kA svarUpa, mahAvratoM kI bhAvanAyeM, aNuvrata kI paribhASA, kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, akiMcanatA, brahmacarya - daza rUpoM se yukta zramaNa dharma kA varNana kiyA hai / 19 19. vahI, 6.1-25 21

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki yama yoga ke prathama aMga ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai arthAt yoga sAdhanA kA eka bhAga hai / sAdhanA kI pUrti ise Age ke chaha aMgoM ko pAra kara AThaveM aMga samAdhi meM pahu~cane meM hotI hai / kintu mahAvrata jaina darzana meM bar3I vyApakatA liye hue haiN| vahA~ saMyamamUlaka sAdhanA kA samagratayA samAveza ho jAtA hai, kyoMki mahAvratI kI dainaMdinI caryA, mahAvratoM ke akSuNNa rUpa meM paripAlana hetu svIkRta vibhinna AdhyAtmika upakrama, unakI bhAvanA, samiti - gupti tathA unake samyak paripAlana hetu navatattvoM kA viziSTa jJAna, ina saba kA samAveza hotA hai / kintu aise hue binA mahAvratoM kA pAlana samyak rUpa meM sadha nahIM sakatA / mahAvrata rUpa saMyama ke nirbAdha - nirapavAda paripAlana hetu hI sAdhanA ke vibhinna aMgoM kA vikAsa huaa| daihika, mAnasika caMcalatA, asthiratA yadi banI rahatI hai to mahAvratoM kA pAlana duHzakya ho jAtA hai| isI kAraNa mahAvratI ke lie sthiracetA, dRr3ha saMyamI, AtmaparAkramI aura manojayI honA aparihArya hai| isI ke lie dhyAna Adi kI vizeSa upayogitA hai| dhyAna kA sAdhya AtmasvarUpa kA adhigama hai| mahAvratamaya saMyama kA antima lakSya bhI vahI hai jise mokSa kahA jAtA hai| khaNDa : navama UN dhyAna sAdhaka ke jIvana meM usa kendra kA saMzodhana karatA hai jisa para sAdhanA vividha aMga samAzrita haiN| usase jaba mana kA cAMcalya apagata ho jAtA hai to sAdhaka kA AtmaparAkrama prasphuTita hotA hai / mAnasika ekAgratA, sthiratA ke kAraNa unakI vRttiyA~, indriyoM ke viSayoM se mur3akara AtmonmukhatA pA letI haiN| isalie sAdhaka sahaja hI sAvadya kAryoM kA varjana karatA jAtA hai| jaba vRttiyA~ AtmasvarUpa meM Tika jAtI haiM taba bhautika eSaNAyeM vilupta ho jAtI haiM, kAmanAe~ naSTa ho jAtI haiM, vAsanAyeM kSINa ho jAtI haiM / phalata: mahAvrata sadhate jAte haiM / mahAvratoM kI inhIM vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI sambhavata: granthakAra ne eka pUre prakaraNa meM lagabhaga inhIM kA vivecana kiyA hai| sAtaveM prakaraNa meM sAdhanA ke paramocca rUpa jinakalpa aura usakI bhAvanAoM kA nirUpaNa hai| jinakalpa jaina sAdhanA kA uccatama rUpa hai| yahA~ sAdhaka apane sAdhanAkrama jina arthAt vItarAga paramAtmA ke samAna atyanta ucca, pavitra, nirdoSa, udagra tapomaya sAdhanA meM saMlagna rahatA hai| vaha kSudhA, tRSA, sthAnAdi kI anukUlatA ityAdi kI jarA 22

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama bhI cintA kiye binA eka mAtra apane AtmasvarUpa ke parizIlana meM saMlagna rahatA hai| vaha sadA ekatva bhAvanA ke sAtha apanI AtmA meM hI ramaNa karatA huA daihika sthitiyoM evaM upakaraNa Adi se apane ko bhinna mAnatA hai| vaha sarva prakAra kI AkAMkSA aura AsaktiyoM se vivarjita rahatA hai| inhIM saba tathyoM kA granthakAra ne isa adhyAya meM vizleSaNa kiyA hai|20 mana ke anuzAsana kI carama pariNati samasta bahirbhAvoM ke vijaya ke rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai vahA~ AtmabhAva paripuSTa hotA hai, AtmaparAkrama udghATita hotA hai, AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA bhAna hotA hai| vahA~ rAga-dveSa bhI vilIna hote jAte haiM aura sAdhaka vItarAgatA kI bhUmikA kI ora bar3hatA jAtA hai, yahI jinakalpa-sAdhanA kA hArda hai, jisakI siddhi meM dhyAna yoga kI apanI vizeSatA hai| jinakalpa kI U~cI maMjila taka pahu~cane meM dhyAna eka suvyavasthita sopAna kA rUpa liye hue hai| dharmadhyAna se prArambha kara usakI uttarottara bhUmikAoM kA saMsparza karatA huA dhyAnayogI zukla dhyAna meM saMpravRtta hotA hai, usakI antima maMjila ko pA letA hai, usakI AdhyAtmika yAtrA saphala ho jAtI hai, vaha paramAtma svarUpa bana jAtA hai phira usakI AtmA aura paramAtmA meM jarA bhI bheda nahIM rhtaa| AcArya nAneza kA samIkSaNa dhyAna : vartamAna meM pracalita jaina dhyAna vidhAoM meM samIkSaNa dhyAna paddhati bhI eka hai| sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke sAdhumArgI jainasaMgha ke aSTama AcArya zrI nAnAlAla jI ma.sA. ne 'samIkSaNa' ke nAma se isa dhyAna paddhati kA sampravartana kiyaa| zrI nAnAlAlajI ke guruvarya zrI gaNezIlAla jI ma.sA. apane samaya ke bar3e hI uccakoTi ke sAdhaka aura nirmalacetA mahApuruSa the| unake guru AcArya zrI javAharalAla jI ma.sA. kA sthAnakavAsI jainasaMgha meM apratima mahattva thaa| ve apane samaya ke mahAn vidvAn, pravacanakAra, krAMtikArI AcArya the| ve parama jyotirdhara kahe jAte the| AcArya zrI nAnAlAla jI ma.sA. ko apane pUrva puruSoM ke sAtha-sAtha vizeSata: apane guruvarya evaM praguruvarya kI garimA virAsata ke rUpa meM prApta thii| dharmaprabhAvaka saMghanAyaka hone ke sAthasAtha ve dhyAna-sAdhanA ke ananya anurAgI the| 20. vahI, 7.1-15 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 23 ~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA - vartamAna meM pracalita dhyAna paddhati ke pariprekSya meM inake mana meM jo bhAvodvelana huA usI kI pariNati 'samIkSaNa' dhyAna paddhati ke rUpa meM huii| yaha zabda sam upasarga aura IkSaNa ke mela se banA hai| sam kA artha samyak rUpa se yA samabhAva pUrvaka aura IkSaNa kA artha - dekhanA hai| Aja kA saMsAra atyanta ghora moha nidrA meM supta hai, vaibhAvika pariNatiyoM, bhautika upAdAnoM meM vimUr3ha banakara AtmavismRta hokara vaha aharniza aisI gatividhiyoM ke sAtha jur3A hai jinameM vyakti sukha kA svapna dekhatA hai, kintu sarvathA duHkha, viSAda tathA saMkleza se paripUrNa hai| unase chuTakArA tabhI mila sakatA hai jaba vaha bahirdarzana se mukha mor3akara antaryAtrA kI ora udyata ho / vaha antaryAtrA kevala IkSaNa yA darzana se ghaTita nahIM hotI, vaha to samyagdarzana se ghaTita hotI hai| IkSaNa to sAmAnyadarzana kA paryAya hai jo sat aura asat donoM prakAra kA ho sakatA hai| jaba taka usake sAtha samyak nahIM jur3atA use lekara calane vAlI antaryAtrA svasvarUpa meM avasthiti kI maMjila prApta nahIM karA sktii| isI mUla tattva ko lekara AcArya - pravara ne samIkSaNa dhyAna paddhati kA sampravartana kiyaa| usake lie unhoMne sabase pahale bhUmikAzuddhi para jora diyA hai| yaha bhUmikA bahirjagat se sambaddha nahIM hai| yaha antaryAtrA se sambandhita hai| jaba sAdhaka samIkSaNa hetu udyata ho to vaha apanI vizRMkhalita cittavRttiyoM ko vizodhanapUrvaka niyaMtrita kare / anAdikAla se cittavRttiyA~ bahirmukhatA liye hue haiN| ata eva mana asthiratA evaM caMcalatA pUrvaka anavarata bhaTakatA rahatA hai| use suniyojita karane ke lie eka vizeSa prakAra kI bhUmikA apekSita hai| jisa prakAra kisAna bIja bone ke pahale kheta kI ora dhyAna detA hai, citrakAra citra IT ke pahale kAMsya phalaka yA vastra kI ora dhyAna detA hai, usI prakAra dhyAnasAdhaka ko citta - vizuddhi para dhyAna denA cAhie / jhAr3a-jhaMkhAr3a se vimukta bhUmi jisa prakAra bIja ke ugane aura paudhe ke rUpa meM vRddhiMgata hone ke lie upayukta hotI hai, svaccha kAMsyapAtra yA vastrakhaNDa sundara citrAMkana ke lie upAdeya hotA hai, vaise hI samIkSaNa dhyAna ke lie zuddha bhUmikA kI AvazyakatA hai, jo cittavRttiyoM ke sAtha unake niyantraNa se jur3I hai| yaha eka aisA kArya hai jisake lie sAdhaka ko bhAvanAtmaka rUpa se antara meM jUjhanA par3atA hai| khaNDa : navama bhUmikA ke bAda saMkalpa kA sthAna AtA hai| sAdhaka dRr3ha saMkalpa ke sAtha dhyAnayoga meM udyata rhe| sAtha hI sAtha usakA paripArzvika vAtAvaraNa bhI sAttvika, - - 24 - *

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama zuddha aura satpreraka ho, bhautika aizvarya aura bAhya AkarSaNoM se vimukta ho, aisA vAtAvaraNa sAdhaka ke antaH praveza meM sahayogI banatA hai, usase sahajatA AtI hai| sAdhaka kA veza - pariveza sabhI sAttvikatA yukta honA cAhie / sAdhanA meM samaya kI bhI niyamitatA ho, kyoMki manovaijJAnika dRSTi se samaya ke niyamana kA mana para prabhAva par3atA hai, jisa prakAra bAhya jIvana meM samaya kI suvyavasthA kA mahattva hai usI prakAra Antarika jIvana meM bhI samaya kA mahattva hai| I sAdhaka sabase pahale mana kI caMcalatA ko rokane ke lie sampravarta ho / mana dvArA hI mana kA samIkSaNa yA samyak vIkSaNa karanA hai / samIkSaNa dhyAna eka Antarika prajJAcakSu hai jisake dvArA antaraMga ko dekhA jAtA hai| bAhara ke carmacakSu avaruddha ho jAte haiM vahA~ prajJA ke Antarika cakSu kAryazIla hote haiM / samyak IkSaNa pUrvaka manovRttiyoM ko dekhane se una para lagA huA kAluSya kA dAga miTatA jAtA hai / antarvRttiyoM ko dekhane ke rUpa meM dhyAna ke samaya mana bhautika AkarSaNoM se sarvathA pRthak rahe / tadartha sAdhaka ko atyanta sAvadhAnI se kAma lenA par3atA hai| yaha kevala nirIkSaNa se hI nahIM hotA samyak nirIkSaNa se hotA hai, taba vaha dekhatA hai rAga-dveSAtmaka vikAsa, vRttiyA~ kitanI tIvra haiM, una vRttiyoM ke uddIpana aura saMvarddhana meM kauna-kauna se prayatna saphala ho sakate haiM ? isa prakAra ke anucintana se paripUrNa nirIkSaNa, samIkSaNa dhyAna kI viziSTa bhUmikA kA kArya karatA hai| isase sAdhaka rAga-dveSa aura vikAroM kI vaibhAvikatA ko jAtA hai| vibhAva to para haiM, apane nahIM haiM / yaha anta: bodha use prApta hotA hai / sAthahI sAtha una hetuoM ko, nimittoM ko apagata karane kA utsAha aura Atmabala jAgatA hai, jo ina vRttiyoM ko uddIpta karate haiM / jAgRta Atma-parAkrama kabhI niSphala nahIM hotaa| yadi yaha samIkSaNa kA krama calatA rahatA hai to rAga-dveSa Adi vikArI vRttiyA~ na kevala niyantrita hI hotI haiM, balki naSTa hone lagatI haiN| - samIkSaNa dhyAna kI antima pariNati vibhAvoM kA apagama kara AtmA ko apane zuddha svarUpa meM saMpratiSTha karanA hai, jahA~ kArmika AvaraNa vilupta ho jAte haiN| isa samIkSaNa dhyAna mUlaka antaryAtrA kI vaha antima maMjila hai yA parama lakSya hai, jahA~ AtmA svarUpAdhiSThita hokara zAzvata zAntimaya parama jyotirmaya paramAnandamaya sthAna prApta kara letI hai| 25

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA mahAsatI umarAva kuMvara 'arcanA' kA mudrA dhyAna : vartamAna kAla meM aneka jainAcAryoM - manISiyoM Adi dvArA dhyAna-sAdhanA ke sandarbha meM zAstrIya aura sva-svaanubhUtiparaka jo vidhikrama prastuta kiye gaye haiM ve jaina sAdhanA paddhati ke vikAsa ke paricAyaka haiN| unameM dhyAnayoga kI mahAn sAdhikA, vidyA - cAritra aura sevA kI pratimUrti guruvaryA mahAsatI zrI umarAva kuMvara jI ma.sA. 'arcanA' dvArA pratibodhita sarvopayogI sarala, sahaja, rocaka sAdhanA paddhati kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| mahAsatI jI zrI varddhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zramaNa saMgha kI prakhara viduSI, dharmaprabhAvikA mahAsatiyoM meM apanA pratiSThApUrNa sthAna liye hue haiN| ve jaina jagat ke prakhara pratibhAzIla, nirvikAra cetA AgamoddhAraka mahAmahima svargIya yuvAcAryapravara zrI mizrImalajI ma.sA. 'madhukara' kI sAdhvI paramparA se sambaddha haiM / khaNDa : navama rAjasthAna ke ajamera jile ke antargata dAdiyA nAmaka grAma inakA janma huA / inake pitA zrI mAMgIlAla jI apane kSetra ke prasiddha prabhAvazAlI puruSa the| samRddha, saMpanna parivAra thA / ApakI mAtAzrI Apako sAta dina kI chor3akara divaMgatA ho gii| pitAzrI kI chatrachAyA meM ApakA lAlana-pAlana huaa| zaizavAvasthA meM hI ApakI vilakSaNa pratibhA, titikSAvRtti parilakSita hotI thii| 'honahAra biravAna ke hota cikane pAta' ke anusAra Apake prArambhika lakSaNoM se aisA pratIta hotA thA ki bhaviSya ke garbha meM ApakA parama jyotirmaya vyaktitva chipA hai| saMyogavaza alpAvasthA meM hI ApakA pariNaya-saMskAra huA aura dUsarA eka duHkhada saMyoga banA / vivAha ke kucha hI samaya pazcAt Apake patizrI divaMgata ho gaye / pUrvArjita saMskAravaza ApakI antarAtmA meM sannihita, vairAgya, nirveda aura saMvega ke bhAva prakaTita hue| vaidhavya kA zoka, AtmajAgaraNa meM pariNata hone lagA / eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa saMyoga aura ghaTita huA jisane Apake jIvana ko adhyAtmayoga kI dizA meM mor3a diyaa| Apake pUjya pitAzrI mahAn karmayogI hone ke sAtha-sAtha adhyAtmayogI bhI the / ApakI mAtAzrI ke svargavAsa ke bAda unakA mana yoga aura sAdhanA kI dizA meM mur3atA gayA / samagra laukika kAryoM kA dAyitva vahana karate hue bhI unakA mana paramAtmopAsanA meM hI lIna rahatA thaa| isI bIca lagabhaga chaha varSa taka ve ghara se dUra ajJAtavAsa meM rahe aura mahAn yogiyoM ke 26

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khaNDa: navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sAnnidhya meM rahe, anavarata sAdhanA meM saMlagna rhe| jaba mana sarvathA tanmayatA-pUrvaka kisI kArya meM jhuka jAtA hai to svalpakAla meM hI vaisI saphalatAyeM prApta kara letA hai jo auroM dvArA bahuta lambe samaya meM bhI upalabdha nahIM kI jA sktiiN| Apane apane chaha varSIya ajJAta sAdhanA-kAla meM yoga kI ucca bhUmikA kA saMsparza kiyaa| aneka yogavibhUtiyA~ yA labdhiyA~ arjita kiiN| mana to ApakA samagra jIvana vahIM bitAne kA thA, kintu pArivArika dAyitva bodha ko socate hue anAsakta bhAva se usakA nirvahana karane kI dRSTi se Apa ghara lauTa aaye| sarvathA niSkriya, AkAMkSA-zUnya, udAsIna bhAva se apane laukika kArya karate hue, ghara meM rahane para bhI ApakA dhyAna sAdhanA meM hI rahatA aura apanA adhikAMza samaya Apa mandira Adi ekAnta sthAnoM meM hI dhyAna-sAdhanA meM vyatIta krte| mahAsatI jI mahArAja taba bAlikA avasthA meM thIM kintu ApakI bhI naisargika pratibhA atyanta prakhara aura tIvra thii| apane pitAzrI ke jIvana ko Apa bar3I sUkSmatA se nihaartiiN| saMsAra ke anyAnya logoM se unameM vilakSaNatA dekhtiiN| pitAzrI ke yogalabdhijanita cAmatkArika prasaMgoM ko jaba dekhatIM to sahasA Apake mana meM AtA, yaha kaunasA rahasya hai, guNatattva hai jisake pariNAmasvarUpa pitAzrI kA sabase pRthak eka adbhuta vyaktitva hai| ApakA mana usa rahasya kI khoja meM khoyA rhtaa| bhItara-hI-bhItara Apake citta meM bhI virakti bhAva kI sAdhanA evaM AdhyAtmika UrdhvagAmitA kA udvelana hotA rhtaa| AcArya haribhadra ke vivecana ke anusAra yaha kahA jAya to koI atizayokti nahIM hogI ki mahAsatI jI meM kulayogI ke janmajAta saMskAra the| paitRka vAtAvaraNa ne unako jAgRta hone kA vizeSa bala pradAna kiyaa| hRdaya meM uThate, upajate, bar3hate ina bhAvoM kA pariNAma ApakI zrAmaNya dIkSA ke rUpa meM parisampanna huaa| sthAnakavAsI zramaNa saMgha marudharAmaMtrI muni zrI hajArImala jI ma.sA. kI chatrachAyA meM mahAsatIjI guruNIvaryA zrI saradArakuMvara jI kI antevAsinI ke rUpa meM Apa dIkSitA huiiN| jaba kisI aMkurita pAdapa ko samucita bhUmi, vAyu, jala, prakAza Adi anukUla sAdhanoM kA sahayoga mila jAtA hai to vaha svalpakAla meM hI vikasita, saMvarddhita, pallavita aura puSpita hone lagatA hai| mahAsatI jI ke jIvana meM aisA hI ghaTita huaa| apane gurudeva hajArImala jI ma.sA., unake gurubandhu svAmI jI zrI brajalAla mmmmm 27 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : navama jI ma.sA. tathA paM. ratna prabuddha jJAnayogI zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. 'madhukara' ina tInoM kA sAnnidhya aura unase prApta vidyA, sAdhanA aura Atmonnati ke bIjamantroM ko mahAsatI jI ne bar3I hI lagana aura tanmayatA se sahaja AtmasAt kiyaa| Apa vidyA evaM AtmopAsanA meM uttarottara agrasara hotI giiN| Agama, zAstra, darzana, sAhitya Adi aneka viSayoM kA prabuddha manISiyoM ke sahayoga se Apane adhyayana kiyA aura apane usa prApta jJAna ko adhyAtmayoga ke tAne-bAne meM buna liyaa| Apa jJAna dvArA apanI sAdhanA ko paripakva banAne kI dizA meM sadaiva agrasara rhiiN| ___adhyAtmayoga-sAdhanAmaya jIvana meM vAMchita guNa yathA nirahaMkAra, ni:spRhatA, akiMcanatA, saralatA, mRdutA, RjutA, sahajatA, saumyabhAva Adi apane gurujanoM se vizeSata: mahAn sAdhaka zrI madhukara muni jI se prApta kiye| munizrI ke jIvana kI ye durlabha vizeSatAe~ thIM, jo mAnoM unhoMne apanI isa yogya ziSyA ko bhalIbhA~ti sa~bhalA dii| AcArya haribhadra sUri ne jina guNoM ko yogI ke lie pUrva sevA ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAta kiyA hai unheM mahAsatI jI ne sahaja rUpa meM AtmasAt kara liyaa| yoga ke gahana adhyayana aura tadanusAra sAdhanApravaNa rahane kA bhAva Apake mana meM samudita rhaa| Apane pAtaMjala yoga, AcArya haribhadra kA yoga sAhitya, AcArya hemacandra ke yogazAstra ityAdi granthoM kA parizIlana kiyaa| ApakI sadaiva yaha bhAvanA rahI hai ki hara vyakti cAhe zramaNa jIvana meM ho yA zramaNopAsaka ke jIvana meM ho,. adhyAtmayoga kI sAdhanA kre| abase 39 varSa pUrva Apane muni samadarzI jI tathA paM. zobhAcandra jI bhArilla ke sAtha 'yogazAstra' kA sampAdana kiyA, jisakA dillI se prakAzana huaa| hindI anuvAda ke sAtha yogazAstra' kA saMbhavata: yaha pahalA saMskaraNa thaa| usakI bhUmikA jainajagat ke mahAn vidvAn, lekhaka, kavi, upAdhyAya zrI amaramuni jI ne likhii| isase mahAsatI jI kI yoga meM ananya abhiruci siddha hotI hai| adhyayana ke kSetra meM isa grantha kA atyadhika upayoga huA aura Aja bhI ho rahA hai| mahAsatIjI ke vicAroM meM sadA se bar3I hI udAratA, asaMkIrNatA aura vyApakatA rahI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki Apane jaina-jainetara sabhI mahApuruSoM tathA mahAn sAdhakoM se vaicArika AdAna-pradAna karane ke mahattvapUrNa avasara prApta kiye| vizeSata: nirguNamArgI santa paramparA ke rAmasnehI sampradAya ke sAdhaka-sAdhikAoM ke sAtha mahAsatI ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 28 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama jI kA aneka bAra milanA-julanA hotA rahA hai| paraspara sAdhanA-viSayaka vicAroM kA AdAna-pradAna, parIkSaNa-samIkSaNa Adi hotA rahA hai| ApakI sadaiva yaha mAnasikatA rahatI hai ki ApakI sadvastu auroM taka pahu~ce tathA auroM ke sadguNa, sadvastuoM se hama lAbhAnvita hoN| ise ApakA saubhAgya hI mAnanA cAhie ki varddhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zramaNa saMgha ke prathama paTTadhara jainadharmadivAkara, AgamoM ke udbhaTa vidvAn yogirAja zrI AtmArAma jI ma. sA. kA nirantara chaha mAsa kA sAnnidhya Apako prApta huaa| mahAsatI jI ko suyogya ziSyA jAnate hue pU. AtmArAma jI ma.sA. ne apane bahumUlya jJAna rUpI ratna Apako sasneha samarpita kiye kyoMki ve jAnate the ki Apa unakA Atma-kalyANa aura lokakalyANa meM sadupayoga karatI rheNgii| unhoMne apanI rahasyamaya sAdhanA ke sUtra bhI Apake samakSa udghATita kiye| rAjasthAna, mAlavApradeza, paMjAba, kAzmIra, saurASTra Adi yAtrAoM meM jahA~ eka ora mahAsatI jI dvArA dharmodyota kA mahAn kArya calatA, sAtha-hI-sAtha Apa apanI dhyAnamUlakasAdhanA meM nirantara saMpravRtta rahatI tathA jahA~ bhI avasara-suyoga milatA mahAn santoM-sAdhikAoM ke sAtha AdhyAtmika vicAra-vimarza krtiiN| ise Apa apanI jJAnArAdhanA aura sAdhanA kA hI aMga mAnatI haiN| __mahAsatI jI kI yaha bhAvanA hai ki jaina AcAryoM ke yogaviSayaka grantha yadi hindI anuvAda ke sAtha jana-jana ke hAthoM meM AyeM to ve unake lie bar3e kalyANakArI siddha ho sakate haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki unakI preraNA se suprasiddha vidvAn DaoN. chaganalAla jI zAstrI ne AcArya haribhadra ke dvArA racita yogadRSTi-samuccaya', 'yogabindu', 'yogazataka', 'yogaviMzikA' nAmaka cAra granthoM kA hindI meM anuvAda aura vivecana prastuta kiyaa| ina granthoM kA yogacatuSTaya' ke nAma se san 1981 meM muni zrI hajArImala smRti prakAzana samiti, byAvara kI ora se prakAzana huaa| ina cAroM granthoM kA hindI meM anuvAda hone evaM usake prakAzita hone kA yaha pahalA avasara thA, jisakA zreya parama zraddheyA guruvaryA zrI umarAvakuMvara jI ma.sA. 'arcanA' ko hai| jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM yaha grantha Aja samasta bhAratavarSa meM adhyayana-adhyApana ke upayoga meM AtA hai| dhyAna kA mahAsatIjI ke sAtha vaisA hI sambandha hai, jaisA deha ke sAtha anna evaM jala kaa| jaise zarIra TikAne hetu inakA upayoga Avazyaka hai vaise hI mahAsatI xmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 29 .

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : navama jI ke lie niyamita rUpa se dhyAna karanA Avazyaka hai| isI kA yaha pariNAma hai ki ApakI vANI, bhAva, mudrA aura vyaktitva meM eka AdhyAtmika ojasvitA, varcasvatA aura sAtha-hI-sAtha sukumAratA ke bhI darzana hote haiN| mahAsatI jI ne yoga ko janajana ke lie upayogI aura abhyAsa karane yogya banAne ke lie eka saMkSipta kintu sAragarbhita paddhati kA AviSkAra kiyA hai, jisakA vaha sAdhaka-sAdhikAoM ko zikSaNa-prazikSaNa detI rahatI haiN| yadyapi yaha viSaya to sAkSAt unase sIkhane kA hI hai kintu saMkSepa meM usakA niSkarSa yahA~ upasthita kiyA jA rahA hai| mahAsatI jI kI yaha dhyAna vidhi prArthanAmudrA, yogamudrA, dIpakamudrA, vItarAgamudrA tathA AnandamudrA ke rUpa meM pA~ca vidhAe~ liye hue hai| isake sahAre aneka sAdhaka-sAdhikAoM ne abhyAsa kiyA hai aura usameM spRhaNIya pragati bhI kI hai| mahAsatI jI isa sambandha meM samaya-samaya para prazikSaNa bhI diyA karatI haiN| usI ke AdhAra para yahA~ isa dhyAna vidhi ko saMkSepa meM prastuta kara rahe haiMmudrA aura dhyAna kA sambandha : ___ mudrA zabda mud dhAtu se banA hai, jisakA sAmAnya artha prasannatA hai| pAramparika dRSTi se devatAoM ko prasanna karane ke lie athavA jinheM dekhakara devatA prasanna hote haiM, unheM tantra zAstra meM mudrA kahA jAtA hai| mudrA meM sAmAnyatayA hAtha aura aMguli kI vizeSa prakAra kI AkRtiyA~ banAI jAtI haiN| vibhinna paramparAoM meM mudrA zabda ke vibhinna artha rahe haiM kintu yogaparamparA meM mudrA kA artha viziSTa prakAra ke Asana Adi meM rahA hai| jaina dharma meM mudrA kA mukhya prayojana citta kI prasannatA hI mAnA gayA hai| jaina darzana AtmonmukhI darzana hai ata: usakI dRSTi meM mudrA vastuta: vaha paddhati hai jisake mAdhyama se cittavRtti ko ekAgra karane kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| jainendra siddhAnta koza meM kahA gayA hai ki vandana, dhyAna evaM sAmAyika karate samaya mukha evaM zarIra ke vibhinna aMgoM kI AkRti banAI jAtI hai, use mudrA kahate haiN| vastuta: jaina paramparA meM jina mudrAoM ko ullikhita kiyA gayA hai aura pUjyA sAdhvI zrI umarAvakuMvara jI ma.sA. 'arcanA' ne jinheM dhyAnasAdhanA kA eka Avazyaka aMga mAnA hai, unameM yogamudrA, jinamudrA Adi mahattvapUrNa haiN| jinamudrA ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama vastuta: kAyotsarga kI eka vidhi vizeSa hai| donoM bhujAoM ko laTakAkara donoM pairoM meM cAra aMgula kA antara rakhakara tathA dRSTi ko pairoM ke aMgUThe para kendrita karane ko jinamudrA kahate haiM / isI prakAra padmAsana yA palyaMkAsana meM baiThakara donoM hAthoM kI hatheliyoM ko eka ke Upara eka rakhakara tathA dRSTi ko nAsAgra para sthira rakhane ko yogamudrA kahate haiM / vastutaH ina mudrAoM kA prayojana zArIrika sthiratA bhI hai| jaba taka zarIra caMcala rahatA hai citta bhI sthira nahIM ho pAtA / ataH cittavRttiyoM kI ekAgratA ke lie zarIra kI ekAgratA Avazyaka mAnI gayI hai / zarIra kI sthiratA para hI mana kI sthiratA banatI hai| jaina paramparA meM kAyotsarga ke pUrva tIna Avazyaka zarte haiN| eka zarIra kI sthiratA, vacana kI maunatA aura citta kI ekAgratA / pUjyA mahAsatI jI kA mAnanA hai ki jaba taka zarIra sthira nahIM hogA, vANI kA mauna nahIM hogA taba taka citta kI sthiratA sambhava nahIM hogI / ata: Apane citta kI sthiratA ke lie mudrAoM ke mahattva ko vizeSa rUpa se rekhAMkita kiyA hai| mudrA ke mAdhyama se daihika gatividhiyA~ sthira hotI haiM aura una daihika gatividhiyoM ke sthira hone se mana meM bhI sthiratA AtI hai| sthira mana meM prasannatA yA Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai| unakA mAnanA hai ki tanAvoM se mukti ke lie, hameM dhyAna ke isa prathama aMga para vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna denA hogaa| sAmAnyatayA Aja dhyAna kI jo vidhiyA~ pracalita haiM ve isa prAthamika AvazyakatA ko dRSTi se ojhala kara detI haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki daihika sthiratA ke abhAva meM dhyAna kI vividha paddhatiyA~ lakSya ko prApta karane meM asaphala rahI haiN| isIlie pUjya sAdhvIjI ne dhyAnavidhi meM mudrAoM kI AvazyakatA ko vizeSa rUpa se rekhAMkita kiyA hai| jaina dhyAna sAdhanA kI vikAsayAtrA meM ApakA yaha dRSTikoNa nizcita rUpa se mUla ko pakar3ane jaisA hai| apanI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi meM Apane mukhya rUpa se citta ko kendra meM hI mAnA hai kintu usake lie mudrA ko prAthamika Avazyaka batAyA hai| unakI yaha bAta jaina paramparA se bhI sammata lagatI hai kyoMki kAyotsarga yA dhyAna karane ke pUrva jaina paramparA meM jo " tassa uttarI" yA " AgAra sUtra " bolA jAtA hai usameM spaSTa rUpa se antima vAkya " ThANeNaM moNeNaM jhANeNa appANaM vosirAmi" hai ThANeNaM kA artha daihika sthiratA hI hai aura use hI mudrA kahA jAtA hai aura vahI dhyAna sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa hai| isa prakAra pUjyA mahAsatI jI ne jaina dhyAna vidhi meM mudrA ko mahattva dekara apanA vizeSa yogadAna kiyA hai| 31

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA (1) prArthanA mudrA : zraddhA jIvana kI divyatA kA nidarzana hai| zraddhA meM ahaMkAra - visarjana tathA svarUpa-darzana kA dizAbodha hai / vaha antaH pariSkAra kI prakriyA hai / prArthanA zraddhA prasUta thI, hai aura zraddhAvarddhaka bhI hai| prArthanA meM arcanA ke sAtha jur3A pra upasarga cAhayA mAMga meM eka vaiziSTya kA sUcaka hai| vaha viziSTa puruSArtha yA AtmajAgaraNa kA sandeza hai / rAgadveSAtIta, siddha, buddha, mukta, paramAtmA, parama puruSa yA parabrahma kA Adarza prArthI ke samakSa rahatA hai| prArthI, prArthanA jo anta: preraNA saMjone kA rahasyamaya artha liye hai, karatA huA bahirAtmabhAva se antarAtmabhAva meM jAkara paramAtmabhAva kI upalabdhi ke lie udyama karatA hai| prArthanAvasthA meM sAdhaka vajrAsana meM sthita ho / dhyAna rahe, yahA~ vajrAsana kA koI Agraha nahIM hai| yadi sAdhaka ko adhika anukUlatA ho to vaha sukhAsana, kamalAsana Adi kisI anya Asana kA bhI upayoga kara sakatA hai| sAdhaka ke donoM hAtha jur3e hoM / saMyukta donoM aMguSTha nAsAgra para lage hoN| yaha kArya-sthiti bhAvoM ke anta: pariNamana meM preraka aura sahAyaka hotI hai| mujhe siddhi kI kAmanA hai, prasiddhi kI nahIM / sAdhaka zabdAnurUpa bhAvAnubhUti kA prayatna karatA huA nimnAMkita vAkyoM kA uccAraNa kare mujhe prema cAhie, dayA nahIM | apane puruSArtha se hI prApya ko pAnA hai, kisI kI dayA se nahIM / . khaNDa : navama AtmA meM samagra, sarvavyApI prema, vizvavAtsalya ke udreka dvArA saMkIrNa svArtha kA parihAra aura vItarAgabhAva ke svIkAra kA utsAha inase dhvanita hotA hai / 32

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yoga mudrA ke prakAra prArthanAmudrA yogamudrA AnandamudrA vItarAgamudrA dIpakamudrA

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama yaha abhyAsa kI prathama bhUmikA hai, jisase sAdhaka nirvikAra aura nirmala mana:sthiti ko pAne kI ora agrasara hotA hai| 2) yoga mudrA : ___ yaha mudrA dhyAna sAdhanA kI dUsarI sthiti hai| sAdhaka padmAsana yA sukhAsana meM saMsthita ho| donoM hAthoM kI madhyamA, anAmikA aura kaniSThikA-tInoM aMguliyA~ sIdhI rheN| aMguSTha aura tarjanI paraspara saMyukta rheN| yaha kAyasthiti eka vizeSa bhAvabodha kI udbhAvikA hai| tInoM sIdhI aMguliyA~ mAnasika zuddhi, vAcika zuddhi aura kAyika zuddhi kI pratIka haiM jinase Adhi, vyAdhi aura upAdhi apagata hotI hai| Adhi mAnasika rugNatA, vedanA yA vyathA ke artha meM hai| vyAdhi se Azaya daihika asvasthatA, pIr3A yA kaSTa hai| upAdhi mana-vacana evaM deha kI saMkalpa-vikalpa yukta sthiti kI yA asaMtulita, asthira aura avyavasthita dazA kI dyotaka hai| mAnava kI ye bahuta bar3I durbalatAe~ haiN| inheM parAbhUta karane kA artha satya-patha para agrasara honA hai| satya ko AtmasAt karanA, usa para supratiSTha honA hI vastuta: samyaktva hai jo AtmotkarSa kA Adya sopAna hai| sAMkhyadarzana ke anusAra yaha jAgatika sRSTi triguNAtmikA hai| sattva, rajas tathA tamas-ina tInoM guNoM kA samavAya-sahavartitva jagat hai| guNatraya se atIta hone kA Azaya zuddha svarUpa kA adhigama hai| tInoM sIdhI aMguliyA~ triguNAtIta hone ko utprerita karatI haiN| aMguSTha paramAtmA, brahmA, samAdhi yA paramadhAma kA pratIka hai aura tarjanI jIvAtmA kii| tarjanI aura aMguSTha kA saMyoga jIva ke brahma-sArupya ko yA AtmA kI paramAtmabhAva kI ora gatizIlatA kA sUcaka hai| uparyukta cintana-dhArA kA AdhAra lekara sAdhaka bahinirapekSa bana AtmasApekSa aura antata: paramAtma-sApekSa sthiti prApta karane ko tatpara yA prayatnazIla rahatA hai| (3) dIpakamudrA : dIpaka jyoti kA pratIka hai| dIpaka kA artha bhI bar3A sundara hai, jo dIpta kre| dIpaka mudrA meM sAdhaka sukhAsana yA padmAsana meM saMsthita ho, apane donoM hAthoM wwwmmmmmmmmmmmm 33 wwwm.

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama dI kI madhyamA aMguliyoM ko sIdhA kare, unake siroM ko paraspara milAe, avaziSTa a~guliyoM tathA a~gUThoM ko mor3e rhe| yoM dIpajyoti jaisA sthUla AkAra nirmita hotA hai| dIpaka mudrA AtmA kI divya jyoti, zakti yA UrjA kI pratIti karAtI hai| yogamudrA dvArA utprerita antarjagat kI yAtrA meM bAhya upAdAna chUTate jAte haiM, antarjagat kI ora sAdhaka ke kadama bar3hate jAte haiM, sAdhaka Atmajyoti para apane ko TikAtA hai| isa TikAva se pUrvAbhyAsa prApta utkarSa kI sthiratA sadhatI hai| yaha bar3I sUkSma, sphUrta evaM jvalanta cintanadhArA hai| isake dvArA cintanakrama para-parAGmukha aura svonmukha banatA hai| sAdhaka Age bar3hatA jAtA hai| (4) vItarAga mudrA: - vItarAga vaha dazA hai, jahA~ sAdhaka rAga, dveSa, kAma-krodha, lobha, moha Adi se virata hone kI anubhUti karatA hai| yadyapi tAttvika dRSTyA tadanurUpa kAryakSayAtmaka sthiti jaba taka niSpanna nahIM hotI, taba taka pUrNa vItarAgatA sarvathA prApta nahIM ho sakatI, kintu tadanurUpa karmakSayonmukha puruSArtha puraskAra hetu sAdhaka vItarAgatva ke dhyAnAtmaka abhyAsa meM abhirata hotA hai, jo usake lie parama hitAvaha hai| isa mudrA meM sAdhaka prazAntabhAva se sukhAsana meM sthita ho| bAyeM hAtha (hathelI) para dAyeM hAtha (hathelI) ko rkhe| nimnAMkita zloka ke Adarza ko dRSTi meM rakhe rAgadveSavijetAraM, jJAtAraM vizvavastunaH / zakrapUjyaM girAmIzaM, tIrthazaM smRtimaanye|| rAgadveSavijaya, dehAtIta evaM sAkSIbhAva kI anubhUti isa mudrA kA uddiSTa hai| jagat deha ke prati sarvathA anAsakta, asaMpRkta bhAvamUlaka cintana, manana evaM nididhyAsana Age bar3he, apane zuddha svarUpa kI jJapti, pratIti anubhUti sadhe, isa dizA meM sAdhaka kI sthiratAmaya dazA isa mudrA meM niSpanna hotI hai| yaha anubhUtipravaNa dazA hai, jise zabdabaddha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isase sAdhaka niHsandeha apane jIvana meM divya zAnti evaM samAdhi dazA kA anubhava karate haiN| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 34 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama AnandamudrAH pichalI cAra mudrAoM kI phalaniSpatti isa pA~cavIM mudrA meM hai| prArthanA bIja, yogamudrA, aMkura, dIpakamudrA pAdapa, vItarAgamudrA phalodgama tathA AnandamudrA phala kI rasAnubhUti se upamita kI jA sakatI hai| sAdhanArata AtmA kA paramAtmabhAva ke sAkSAtkAra kI dizA meM abhivardhanazIlakrama ke antargata jyoM-jyoM bahirbhAva se pArthakya hotA jAtA hai, usakI dRSTi svonmukha banatI jAtI hai| rAga-dveSa ke baMdhana tar3Atar3a TUTane lagate haiN| yaha saba jyoM hI sadha jAtA hai, asIma Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai jo sarvathA para-nirapekSa aura sva-sApekSa hotI hai| yaha vaha Ananda hai, jisake lie jagat meM koI upamAna nahIM hai| isa akhaNDa, anavacchinna, asIma Ananda kI anubhUti ke kucha hI kSaNa antaratama meM aisI utkaNThA jagA jAte haiM, jo jIvana ko eka nayA mor3a detI hai, jo isa mudrA dvArA gamya hai|21 mahAsatI jI ne vibhinna mudrAoM ke AdhAra para jo dhyAna vidhi AviSkRta kI hai vaha jainayoga, pAtaMjala yoga, nirguNamArgI santoM dvArA svIkRta dhyAnayoga se samanvita hai| sAtha-hI-sAtha isameM vItarAgabhAva kA saMyojana hone se yaha upakrama Arhat dRSTikoNa meM samAhita ho jAtA hai| vyasta jIvana meM logoM ke pAsa itanA avakAza nahIM hai ki ve sAdhanA yA dhyAna meM adhika samaya de skeN| na yogaviSayaka vistRta granthoM ke par3hane kA hI unheM samaya hai| atyanta saMkSipta aura sarala vidhi hI vyAvahArika dRSTi se jana-jana ke lie upayogI siddha ho sakatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki mahAsatI jI jahA~ pravAsa karatI haiM vahA~ nitya prati isake abhyAsArthI sAdhaka-sAdhikAoM kA nirantara AvAgamana rahatA hai aura ve sabhI lAbhAnvita hote haiN| mahAsatI jI se isa vidhi ko sIkhe hue yogya bhAI-bahana apane parivAra meM tathA apane yahA~ ke AdhyAtmika yoga meM rucizIla janoM meM isakA yathAsambhava prasAra karate haiN| jina-jina ne isakA abhyAsa kiyA hai unakI aisI pratikriyAyeM jJAta huI haiM 21. arcanArcana grantha - paMcama khaNDa ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 35 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa : navama ki mana meM jo tanAva rahatA thA, vaha dUra ho gayA hai| laukika kAryoM meM jo mamatva va Asakti rahatI thI vaha bhI dhIre-dhIre ghaTatI jA rahI hai| pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM Atmastha aura dhIra rahane kA unakA abhyAsa bar3hatA jA rahA hai| dhArmika kAryakramoM meM abhiruci jAgRta huI hai aura aba anyAyapUrNa kAryoM meM hAtha DAlane kA dussAhasa nahIM hotaa| adhika jana-saMkula sthAna meM mana Ubane lagatA hai| zAnta pariveza aura vAtAvaraNa mana ko bhAne lagA hai| na kevala jaina samAja meM mahAsatI jI kA samatva bhAva sahaja rUpa meM vyApta hai, apitu Apa jaina-jainetara kinhIM meM bheda nahIM karatI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki Apake pAsa sabhI sampradAya ke bhAI-bahana bar3e utsAha evaM zraddhA bhAva ke sAtha Ate haiM aura Apase kucha sIkhane kA prayatna karate haiN| jahA~ bhI ApakA pravAsa hotA hai eka prakAra se vaha sthAna dhyAna zivira yA jJAna yajJa kA rUpa le letA hai| AcArya zivamuni kI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi: ___ jaina yoga dhyAna-sAdhanA ke vartamAna meM gatizIla vibhinna paddhati kramoM ke udbhAvaka mahApuruSoM meM zrI vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zramaNa saMgha ke caturtha paTTadhara AcArya samrAT zrI zivamuni jI ma.sA. kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| Apane jainetara sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA jJAna kevala tadviSayaka sAhitya par3hakara hI prApta nahIM kiyA, balki svayaM unameM saMlagna hokara anubhava prApta kiyaa| aisA karane se hI kisI viSaya kA vAstavika bodha ho sakatA hai| kevala siddhAntoM ke paThana se yaha nahIM hotaa| AcAryapravara ne ina saba dhyAna mUlaka sAdhanAoM ke sUkSma, gaMbhIra parizIlana aura abhyAsa pUrvaka kriyAnvayana ke anantara eka vizeSa dhyAna paddhati prastuta kI hai jisakA avalambana kara saMyamI evaM gRhI donoM hI prakAra ke sAdhaka apane jIvana meM AdhyAtmika zAnti prApta kara sakate haiN| AcArya zrI ziva muni dvArA saMcAlita dhyAna-yoga-sAdhanA-vidhi kA mUla AdhAra hai - vartamAna meM jInA, citta kA mauna aura aatmshuddhi| unakA kahanA hai ki vartamAna ke prati sajagatA, citta kI samAdhi-dazA evaM prema kA jaba milana hotA hai, taba sAdhaka ko AnandAnubhava hotA hai| usa Ananda ko pratikSaNa jInA aura jAnanA yaha sUtra isa sAdhanA kA abhinna aMga hai| ~~~~~~~~~~~~ 36 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa: navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama dhyAna hai citta kA mauna ho jAnA : sAdhaka svabhAva meM lIna hokara, saMkalpavikalpa rahita hokara citta kI vRttiyoM ko zAMta karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| citta kI vRttiyoM kA zAMta ho jAnA hI Antarika mauna hai, vaha mauna hI dhyAna hai| samyagdarzana : dRSTi meM doSa virahita, mauna samAdhistha citta vizva ko jaisA hai, vaisA jAnatA hai ise hama samyak dRSTi kahate haiN| vastuta: mauna dhyAna samyagdarzana kA anubhava hai| Atma-zuddhi - Atmazuddhi arthAt svayaM kI shuddhi| svayaM kI zuddhi ke antargata nimna pahaluoM kA samAveza hotA hai (1) kAya zuddhi - vibhinna purAtana yaugika kriyAoM ke mAdhyama se kaayshuddhi| (2) vacana zuddhi - vANI-saMyama evaM mauna ke abhyAsa dvArA vacana shuddhi| (3) AhAra zuddhi - jaisA khAe anna, vaisA hove mana ata: sAttvika AhAra kA bodh| (4) prANa zuddhi - prANAyAma evaM vibhinna dhvaniyoM ke mAdhyama se praannshuddhi| (5) citta zuddhi - vibhinna vikAroM evaM vicAroM se grasta citta kA dhyAna evaM samAdhi ke mAdhyama se zuddhIkaraNa, zuddha caitanya kI anubhuuti| isa prakAra yaha eka pUrNa sAdhanA hai| AtmA kI sarvAGgINa zuddhi hai| zarIra aura mana se bhI pare yaha dhyAna sAdhanA hai| prastuta sAdhanA kA mUla hai - akarma arthAt kucha na karate hue bhI pUrNa Ananda se bhara jAne kI sAdhanA aura yaha hotA hai Atmazuddhi se| isa sAdhanA se sahaja, sarala aura tanAvamukta hokara pratikSaNa AnaMdita jIvana jIne kA anubhava sAdhaka ko milatA hai tathA vaha vartamAna meM bar3hate hue asAdhya rogoM se chuTakArA pAtA hai| usakI kAryakSamatA meM vRddhi hotI hai, ApasI sambandhoM meM madhuratA AtI hai, buddhi ke stara se Upara uThakara hRdaya kI bhAvanAoM kA vistAra hotA hai 'zivamastu sarvajagata:' yA 'jIvo maMgala ke' kI bhAvanA hotA hai| svayaM kA, parivAra kA evaM vizva kA maMgala hotA hai|22 22. dhyAna eka divya sAdhanA, pR. 66-70 ~~~~~~~~~~~mmmmm 37 ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA AcArya mahAprajJa kA prekSAdhyAna : vartamAna meM jainadhyAnavidhAoM meM prekSAdhyAna kA bahuta prasAra hai| adhunA, jaina zvetAmbara terApaMtha ke dazama AcArya saMskRta, prAkRta Adi prAcya bhASAoM evaM bhAratIya darzanoM ke vizeSataH jainadarzana ke bhAratavikhyAta vidvAn AcArya zrI mahAprajJa haiM / nAma anurUpa hI vAstava meM ve vilakSaNa prajJA va pratibhA ke dhanI haiN| mahAn lekhaka haiM, saMskRta ke Azukavi haiN| AcAryazrI tulasI ke vAcanA - pramukhatva meM AcArya zrI mahAprajJa ne aneka jainAgamoM ke sUkSma vizleSaNa evaM vivecana ke sAtha unakA saMpAdana- anuvAda Adi kiyA hai| vAstava meM, pATha-zodhana tathA suvyavasthita saMpAdana kI dRSTi se ye Agama bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa haiN| adhyetAoM aura anusaMdhAtAoM ke lie bar3e hI upayogI haiN| AcAryazrI mahAprajJa jI kA janma jhuMjhunU jile meM Tamakora nAmaka grAma meM huA / unhoMne bAlyAvasthA meM hI apanI mAtA aura bahana ke sAtha AcAryazrI kAlU gaNi se zramaNadIkSA prApta kI / janmajAta prajJA se vibhUSita the| bacapana se hI apane dIkSAguru AcAryazrI kAlUgaNi ke sAnnidhya meM rahe tathA unakI chatrachAyA meM AcAryazrI tulasI se vidyAdhyayana kiyaa| AcAryazrI tulasI bar3e suyogya vidvAn the / AcArya zrI kAlUgaNi bAlasaMtoM ke adhyApana kA kArya unheM sauMpA thA / khaNDa : navama ~~ zrI mahAprajJa jI kA pUrva nAma munizrI nathamala jI thA / Apa adhyayana meM uttarottara pragati karate gye| saMskRta tathA bhAratIya vAGmaya kA ucca adhyayana karane meM Apako saMskRta ke mahAn vidvAn Azukaviratna paM. raghunandana zarmA kA yogadAna milaa| mukhya bAta to yaha hai ki mahAprajJa janma se hI vidyA ke atyanta ucca saMskAra lekara Aye the, jo vikAsa aura unnayana kA jyoM-jyoM avasara milA, samvarddhita hote gye| apane muni jIvana meM hI Apane saMskRta, hindI meM aneka granthoM kI racanA kI, jo Adarza sAhitya saMgha, jaina vizva bhAratI Adi saMsthAoM kI ora se prakAzita haiM / Apane pUnA, vArANasI Adi vidyA kendroM meM apane vaiduSya se aneka prazastiyA~ arjita kiiN| Apa AcAryazrI tulasI ke paramakRpApAtra the| Apake vyaktitva aura kRtitva se AcAryazrI tulasI prabhAvita the| unhoMne Apako apane jIvana kAla meM hI yuvAcArya pada para pratiSThita kiyA tathA vizeSa rUpa se jaina yoga para yugAnukUla sarala samIcIna dhyAna paddhati Adi ke niSpAdana kA mahattvapUrNa kArya sauNpaa| Apane apane gurudeva dvArA 38

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khaNDa: navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sauMpe gaye uttaradAyitvoM ko bar3I hI niSThA, lagana evaM abhiruci ke sAtha saMpanna karane meM apane Apako lagA diyaa| unhIM kI preraNA se prekSA dhyAna ke rUpa meM eka abhinava maulika jaina dhyAna paddhati kA sUtrapAta kiyA jo Aja bhAratavarSa meM aneka sthAnoM para pracAra-prasAra karatI jA rahI hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke mAdhyama se yUropa-amerikA Adi meM bhI isakA pracAra ho rahA hai| __ prekSA zabda kI saMracanA 'pra' upasarga aura 'IkS' dhAtu ke yoga se huI hai| 'pra' upasarga kA artha utkRSTa yA prakRSTa hai| IkS dhAtu dekhane ke artha meM hai| yoM prekSA kA artha utkRSTa rUpa meM, gaharAI se, sUkSmatA se dekhanA hai| vipazyanA kA bhI yahI artha hai| jaina sAhitya meM prekSA aura vipazyanA ye donoM zabda prayukta haiN| vipazyanA bauddha sAdhanA paddhati kI eka prakriyA ke rUpa meM vizruta hai| jaina aura bauddha paddhatiyA~ eka hI samaya aura eka hI kSetra meM vikasita huIM, isalie donoM sAdhana-paddhatiyA~ eka nAma se pahacAnI jAtI haiN| hama sAmAnya A~khoM se dekhate haiM use IkSA yA IkSaNa kahA jAtA hai| yaha sAmAnya darzana bhI bar3A vilakSaNa hai| vijJAna ke anusAra manuSya kA yaha choTA sA zarIra chaha sau kharaba kozikAoM se banA hai| saMsAra ke aneka jaTilatama yantroM se sajjita eka kArakhAne se bhI yaha zarIra kahIM jyAdA jaTila aura saMgrathita hai| zarIra ke eka-eka aMga kI apanI vilakSaNatA hai| vaijJAnika batalAte haiM ki eka A~kha ke sikke jitane bhAga meM eka karor3a bIsa lAkha 'kona' aura sittara lAkha 'ror3a' kozikAyeM haiN| mastiSka meM dasa lAkha narva yukta oNpTiva narva haiM jo dRSTikendra taka dRSTi ko pahu~cAtI haiN| bahirjagat ko dekhane aura jAnane kI yaha kriyA netra evaM mastiSka dvArA pratikSaNa hotI rahatI hai| isa kriyA se anya ko to dekhA jA sakatA hai kintu apane Apako pahacAnane meM ye carma-cakSu saphala nahIM hote| bAhya jagat ko dekhane ke ye saba prayoga IkSaNa yA IkSA ke antargata haiN| kintu apane Apako pahacAnane meM ye carma-cakSu samartha nahIM hote| usakI pahacAna to Antarika cakSuoM ke prayoga ke dvArA hI hotI hai|23 "saMpikkhae appagamappaeNaM" dazavaikAlika sUtra kI isa yukti meM prekSA kA mUla bIja sannihita hai| sAdhaka AtmA dvArA AtmA kA saMprekSaNa kreN| isa sUtrAtmaka vAkya meM prekSA kA hArda samAviSTa hai| jAnanA aura dekhanA cetanA kA lakSaNa hai| AvRta cetanA meM jAnane aura dekhane 23. prekSA : eka paricaya ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 39 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA kI kSamatA kSINa ho jAtI hai| usa kSamatA ko vikasita karane kA sUtra hai - jAno aura dekho| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sAdhanA ke jo sUtra diye haiM, unameM 'jAno aura dekho' yahI mukhya hai / 'cintana, vicAra yA paryAlocana karo', yaha bahuta gauNa aura bahuta prArambhika hai| yaha sAdhanA ke kSetra meM bahuta Age nahIM le jAtA / 'AcArAMga sUtra' meM puna: puna: yaha kahA gayA hai ki he Arya ! tU janma aura vRddhi ke krama ko dekha | 24 jo krodha ko dekhatA hai, vaha mAna ko dekhatA hai| jo mAna ko dekhatA hai, vaha mAyA ko dekhatA hai| jo mAyA ko dekhatA hai, vaha lobha ko dekhatA hai, jo moha ko dekhatA hai vaha garbha ko dekhatA hai, vaha janma ko dekhatA hai| jo naraka aura tiryaMca ko dekhatA hai, vaha duHkha ko dekhatA hai, jo duHkha ko dekhatA hai, vaha krodha se lekara duHkha paryanta hone vAle isa cakravyUha ko tor3a detA hai / 25 yaha nirAvaraNa draSTA kA darzana hai | 26 tU dekha, yaha loka cAroM ora prakampita ho rahA hai / 27 Upara srota haiM, nIce srota haiM aura madhya meM srota haiN| unheM tuma dekho | 28 mahAn sAdhaka akarma (dhyAnastha mana, vacana aura zarIra kI kriyA kA nirodha kara,) hokara jAnatA - dekhatA hai, 29 jo dekhatA hai, usake lie koI upadeza nahIM hotA / 30 jo dekhatA hai, usake koI upAdhi hotI hai yA nahIM hotI ? uttara milA nahIM hotI / 131 AcArya mahAprajJa ke zabdoM meM- " dekhanA sAdhaka kA sabase bar3A sUtra hai / jaba hama dekhate haiM taba socate nahIM haiM aura jaba hama socate haiM taba dekhate nahIM haiN| vicAroM kA jo silasilA calatA hai, use rokane kA sabase pahalA aura antima sAdhana hai - dekhnaa| kalpanA ke cakravyUha ko tor3ane kA sabase sazakta upAya hai- dekhnaa| Apa sthira hokara animeSa cakSu se kisI vastu ko dekheM, vicAra samApta ho jAyeMge, vikalpa zUnya ho jaaeNge| Apa 24. AcArAMga sUtra, 3.26 25. vahI, 3.83, 84 26. vahI, 3.85 27. vahI, 4.37 28. vahI, 5.118 29. vahI, 5.120 30. vahI, 2.185 31. vahI, 3.87 khaNDa : navama 40

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sthira hokara apane bhItara dekheM-apane vicAroM ko dekheM yA zarIra ke prakampoM ko dekheM to Apa pAeMge ki vicAra sthagita haiM aura vikalpa zUnya haiN| bhItara kI gaharAiyoM ko dekhatedekhate sUkSma zarIra ko dekhane kI kSamatA apane Apa A jAtI hai|" dekhanA vaha hai jahA~ caitanya sakriya hotA hai| jahA~ priyatA aura apriyatA kA bhAva A jAe, rAga aura dveSa ubhara jAe~, vahA~ dekhanA gauNa ho jAtA hai| yahI bAta jAnane para lAgU hotI hai| hama pahale dekhate haiM phira jAnate haiN| ise isa bhASA meM spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai ki hama jaise-jaise dekhate jAte haiM vaise-vaise jAnate cale jAte haiN| mana se dekhane ko pazyanA (pAsayaNA) kahA gayA hai| indriya-saMvedana se zUnya caitanya kA upayoga dekhanA aura jAnanA hai| jo pazyaka hai-draSTA hai, usakA dRzya ke prati dRSTikoNa hI badala jAtA hai| 2 bha. mahAvIra U~ce, nIce aura madhya meM prekSA karate hue samAdhi ko prApta ho jAte the|33 ukta carcA ke saMdarbha meM prekSAdhyAna kA mUlyAMkana kiyA jA sakatA hai| mAdhyasthya yA taTasthatA prekSA kA hI dUsarA rUpa hai| jo dekhatA hai, vaha sama rahatA hai| vaha priya ke prati rAga-raMjita nahIM hotA aura apriya ke prati dveSapUrNa nahIM hotaa| vaha priya aura apriya donoM kI upekSA karatA hai-donoM ko nikaTatA se dekhatA hai isIlie vaha unake prati sama, madhyastha yA taTastha raha sakatA hai| upekSA yA madhyasthatA ko prekSA se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jo isa mahAn loka kI upekSA karatA hai, use nikaTatA se dekhatA hai, vaha apramatta vihAra kara sakatA hai|34 bha. mahAvIra ne apane ziSyoM ko bhI yahI upadeza diyA ki he gautama ! tU kSaNa bhara bhI pramAda mata kr|35 AgamoM meM yatra-tatra apramatta kI sAdhanA ke aneka AlambanoM kA ullekha huA hai| unakI vidhiyA~ anupalabdha haiN| AlambanoM kI vidhiyoM kA anusaMdhAna va 32. vahI, 2.118 33. vahI, 9.4.14 34. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra 1.12.18 35. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 10-1 wwwwwwwwwwwwww- 41 ~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama anubhava kara AcArya zrI mahAprajJa ne prekSAdhyAna ke antargata unheM vyavasthita rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| prekSAdhyAna meM AlambanoM yA prayogoM ko bAraha bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| kAlAntara meM puna: vargIkaraNa ke daurAna unheM ATha mukhya, cAra sahAyaka va tIna viziSTa aMga ke rUpa meM bA~TA gayA hai| prekSAdhyAna ke mukhya aMga : kAyotsarga, antaryAtrA, zvAsaprekSA, zarIraprekSA, caitanya kendra prekSA, lezyAdhyAna, anuprekSA aura bhaavnaa| sahAyaka cAra aMga : dhvani (japa), mudrA, Asana aura praannaayaam| viziSTa tIna aMga : vartamAna kSaNa kI prekSA, vicAra prekSA aura animeSa prekssaa| 1. kAyotsarga : kAya x utsarga-ina do zabdoM se kAyotsarga zabda banA hai| isakA zAbdika artha hai zarIra kA utsarga krnaa| isakA prAyogika artha hai-zArIrikazithilIkaraNa-zvAsa ko zAnta karanA, zarIra kI ceSTAoM ko zAMta karanA, mana ko rikta krnaa| AtmA kA anubhava honA aura zarIra ke anubhava kA samApta ho jAnA kAyotsarga hai| AtmA taka pahu~cane kA dvAra hai kaayotsrg| isase AtmA bhinna hai, zarIra bhinna hai, isa bhedavijJAna kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| - kAyotsarga ke abhyAsa se aneka niSpattiyA~ hotI haiM-tanAvamukti, Atmavizuddhi, titikSA, anuprekSA aura ekAgratA, jJAtAdraSTA bhAva kA vikAsa, caitanya kA sAkSAtkAra aadi| 2. antaryAtrA : antarmukha hone kA eka mahattvapUrNa upAya hai antryaatraa| pRSTharajju kA pradeza dhyAna-sAdhanA kI dRSTi se bahuta mUlyavAna hai| yogazAstra ke anusAra ir3A aura piMgalA kA prANapravAha zarIra kI sakriyatA kA pravAha hai| suSumnA niSkriyatA yA nivRtti kA prANa-pravAha hai| ekAgratA, saghana ekAgratA aura nirvicAratA-ina tInoM kI sAdhanA suSumnA ke prANapravAha kI avasthA meM samyak prakAra se ho sakatI hai| 3. zvAsa prekSA : zarIra aura mana ke sAtha zvAsa kA gaharA sambandha hai| yaha eka aisA setu hai, jisake dvArA nAr3I saMsthAna, mana aura prANazakti taka pahu~cA jA sakatA 36. bhItara kI ora, pR. 80 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 42 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama hai| caitanya ke dvArA prANazakti saMcAlita hotI hai| prANazakti ke dvArA mana, nAr3I saMsthAna aura zarIra saMcAlita hotA hai| zvAsa zarIra kI hI eka kriyA hai| kahA jA sakatA hai ki zvAsa ko dekhane kA artha hai-prANazakti ke spandanoM ko dekhanA aura caitanya zakti ko dekhanA, jisake dvArA prANazakti spandita hotI hai| zvAsaprekSA ke prakAra : zvAsa do prakAra kA hotA hai-aicchika aura anaicchika / prayatna ke dvArA zvAsa ko dIrgha kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA kisI eka nAsArandhra se lekara dUsare nAsArandhra se nikAlA jA sakatA hai| zvAsa prekSA tIna prakAra kI hai - 1. sahaja-zvAsa prekSA, 2. dIrghazvAsa-prekSA, 3. samavRtti-zvAsa prekssaa| ___4. zarIra prekSA : isakA prayojana hai AtmA ke prati jAgarUkatA meM nirantaratA kA vikaas| sAMsArika jIva ke jitanA zarIra kA Ayatana hai utanA hI AtmA kA Ayatana hai| jitanA AtmA kA Ayatana hai, utanA hI cetanA kA Ayatana hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki zarIra ke kaNa-kaNa meM caitanya vyApta hai| isalie zarIra ke pratyeka kaNa meM saMvedana hotA hai| usa saMvedana se manuSya apane svarUpa ko dekhatA hai, apane astitva ko jAnatA hai, apane svabhAva kA anubhava karatA hai| zarIra meM hone vAle saMvedanoM ko dekhanA caitanya ko dekhanA hai, usake mAdhyama se AtmA ko dekhanA hai arthAt sthUla zarIra kI prekSA karate-karate sUkSma zarIra kA sAkSAtkAra karate haiM aura sUkSma zarIra ko dekhatedekhate AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra ho jAtA hai| 5. caitanyakendra prekSA :- AtmA aura caitanya pUre zarIra meM vyApta haiN| pUrA nAr3Itantra caitanya se otaprota hai| phira bhI zarIra ke kucha bhAga aise haiM jahA~ caitanya saghana rUpa meM vyApta hai| jahA~ caitanya saghana hotA hai, vaha sthAna Ayurveda kI bhASA meM marmasthAna aura haThayoga kI bhASA meM cakra kahalAtA hai| prekSAdhyAna kI paddhati meM use caitanyakendra kahA jAtA hai| - hamAre zarIra meM aneka caitanyakendra haiN| prekSAdhyAna kI paddhati meM teraha caitanya kendroM para japa aura dhyAna ke prayoga kiye jAte haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM37 37. vahI, pR. 102, 103 Mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm 43 Mmmmmmmmmmmmmar

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA 1 2 3 / in o 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. nAma zakti kendra svAsthya kendra taijasa kendra Ananda kendra vizuddhi kendra brahma kendra prANa kendra apramAda kendra cAkSuSa kendra darzana kendra jyoti kendra zAnti kendra jJAna kendra 38. vahI, pR. 104 sthAna pRSTharajju ke nIce ke chora para peDU (nAbhi se cAra aMgula nIce ) nAbhi hRdaya ke pAsa jahA~ gaDDhA par3atA hai| kaNTha kA madhya bhAga jihvAgra nAsAgra A~khoM ke bhItara kAnoM kI lola caitanyakendra prekSA cetanA ke jAgaraNa kI prakriyA hai| caitanyakendroM para dhyAna karane se supta - caitanya kendroM ko jAgRta kiyA jAtA hai| caitanyakendra prekSA meM eka-eka kendra para citta ko kendrita kara prekSA karate haiM aura vahA~ hone vAle prANa ke prakampanoM kA anubhava karate haiM, kyoMki caitanyakendroM ko vidyut cumbakIya kSetra mAnA gayA hai| vahA~ dhyAna karane se ve jAgRta hote haiM to atIndriya jJAna kI kSamatA bhI upalabdha ho jAtI hai| bhRkuTi kA madhyabhAga lalATa kA madhyabhAga mastiSka kA agrabhAga coTI kA sthAna / zaktikendra se Upara ke sAre caitanyakendra zubha haiN| zaktikendra se nIce er3I taka ke caitanyakendra azubha haiN| unakA sambandha mUla manovRttiyoM se hai 1 gs khaNDa : navama zakti kendra madhyavartI hai / vaha manuSya ke vikAsa kA pahalA sopAna hai aura pazu ke vikAsa kA antima sopAna hai| 38 6. lezyAdhyAna : lezyAdhyAna kA prayojana lezyA kI zuddhi aura usase bhAvoM 44

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khaNDa: navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama kI vizuddhi hai| lezyA kI maMdatA se adhyavasAya kI zuddhi hotI hai aura adhyavasAya kI zuddhi se lezyA kI zuddhi hotI hai, bhAvoM kI zuddhi hotI hai| lezyA ke do bheda haiM : dravya lezyA aura bhAva leshyaa| paudgalika lezyA aura Atmika leshyaa| vaha nirantara bar3hatI rahatI hai| lezyA prANI ke orA (AbhAmaNDala) kA niyAmaka tattva hai| bhAvoM ke anurUpa raMga badalate rahate haiN| hamArI sUkSma cetanA, sUkSma zarIra ke stara se nikalane vAlI bhAva razmiyoM aura bhAva taraMgoM kA nAma hai leshyaa| kaSAya kI taraMgeM aura kaSAya kI zuddhi hone para Ane vAlI caitanya kI taraMgeMina saba taraMgoM kA bhAva ke rUpa meM nirmANa karanA aura unheM vicAra, karma aura kriyA taka pahu~cAne kA kArya lezyA karatI hai arthAt sUkSma zarIra se sthUlazarIra ke bIca samparka sUtra hai leshyaa| isa ke chaha bheda haiM 1. kRSNa lezyA, 2. nIla lezyA, 3. kApota lezyA, 4. tejolezyA, 5. padma lezyA, 6. zukla leshyaa| ye pratyeka prANI meM hotI haiM para inameM koI lezyA pradhAna hotI hai koI gauNa ! lezyA ke parivartana ke dvArA hI jIvana meM rUpAntaraNa siddha ho sakatA hai| sAdhanA kA prayoga lezyAjanita svabhAva ke AdhAra para nirdhArita karanA caahie| lezyA svabhAva sAdhanA 1. kRSNa lezyA pradhAna Arta bhajana 2. nIla lezyA pradhAna pramatta (ajagara vAcika japa kI bhA~ti) 3. kApota lezyA pradhAna caMcala (pramatta vAcika japa baMdara kI bhA~ti) 4. tejo lezyA pradhAna acapala ekAgratA dhyAna 5. padma lezyA pradhAna prazAnta nirvikalpa dhyAna 6. zukla lezyA pradhAna upazAnta dIrghakAlIna nirvikalpa dhyAna 39. mUlArAdhanA 7.1911 40. bhItara kI ora, pR. 136 wwwwwwwwwwwwwww. 45 ~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA khaNDa: navama lezyA dhyAnasAdhanA dvArA sAdhaka apane vyaktitva meM rUpAntaraNa kara apUrva, advitIya Ananda aura anirvacanIya sukha-zAnti ko upalabdha ho sakatA hai| 7. vartamAna kSaNa kI prekSA : AcArAMga sUtra meM bha. mahAvIra ne kahA haihe sAdhaka ! tuma kSaNa ko jaano|41 isI kSaNa ko jaano|42 atIta bIta jAtA hai, bhaviSya anAgata hotA hai, jIvita kSaNa vartamAna hotA hai| atIta ke saMskAroM kI smRti se bhaviSya kI kalpanAe~ aura vAsanAe~ hotI haiN| vartamAna kSaNa kA anubhava karane vAlA smRti aura kalpanA donoM se baca jAtA hai| smRti aura kalpanA rAga-dveSayukta citta kA nirmANa karatI haiN| jo vartamAna kSaNa kA anubhava karatA hai, vaha sahaja hI rAga-dveSa se baca jAtA hai| tathAgata atIta aura bhaviSya ke artha ko nahIM dekhte| kalpanA ko chor3ane vAlA maharSi vartamAna kA anupazyI (dekhanevAlA) ho, karmazarIra kA zoSaNa kara use kSINa kara DAlatA hai|43 8. vicAraprekSA aura samatA : ekAgratA aura vicAra meM dvandva hai| yadi vicAra kA pravAha hai to ekAgratA nahIM ho sakatI aura yadi ekAgratA hai to vicAra kA pravAha nahIM ho sktaa| ekAgratA ke lie jarUrI hai eka vicAra para kendrita honA aura vicAra ke pravAha ko avaruddha krnaa| vicAra ko rokane kA prayatna ekAgratA meM sahAyaka nahIM hotaa| vicAra ko dekhanA zurU karo, pravAha ruka jaayegaa|44 yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kevala jAnanA aura dekhanA hI samatA hai| 9. saMyama : saMyama kI bhUmikA meM icchA kA nirodha, saMkalpazakti kA vikAsa va sva-nirdeza pradhAna hotA hai| jisake saMyama kI zakti vikAsa pAtI hai usake vijAtIya tattva palAyana kara jAte haiN| prekSA saMyama hai, upekSA saMyama hai| pUrNa ekAgratA ke sAtha apane lakSya ko dekhane 41. AcArAMga sUtra, 2.24 42. sUtrakRtAMga sUtra, 1.2.73 43. AcArAMga sUtra, 3.60 44. bhItara kI ora, pR. 163 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 46 mmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

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khaNDa : navama jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama se saMyama svata: ghaTita ho jaayegaa| phira mana, vacana aura zarIra kI apekSAe~ sAdhaka ko vicalita nahIM kreNgii| usake sAtha upekSA-mana, vacana aura zarIra kA saMyama svata: hI ho jaayegaa| 10. bhAvanA : jisa viSaya kA anucintana bAra-bAra kiyA jAtA hai yA jisa pravRtti kA bAra-bAra abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai, usase mana prabhAvita ho jAtA hai, isalie usa cintana yA abhyAsa ko bhAvanA kahate haiN|45 dhyAna kI yogyatA ke lie cAra bhAvanAoM kA abhyAsa Avazyaka hai| jJAna bhAvanA, darzana bhAvanA, cAritra bhAvanA aura vairAgya bhaavnaa| bhAvanA ke abhyAsa ke aneka prayojana haiM Atma-saMsthiti, samasyA samAdhAna, zAMti, vAMchanIya saMskAroM kA nirmANa aura avAMchanIya saMskAroM kA unmUlana / 11. anuprekSA : dhyAna kA artha hai prekSA, dekhnaa| usakI samApti hone ke pazcAt mana kI mUrchA ko tor3ane vAle viSayoM kA anucintana karanA anuprekSA hai| pramukhata: cAra anuprekSAoM kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| 1. ekatva anuprekSA, 2. anitya anuprekSA, 3. azaraNa anuprekSA aura 4. saMsAra anuprekssaa| prekSAdhyAna meM alaga-alaga teIsa anuprekSAoM kA vivecana evaM prayoga upalabdha hai| sAdhaka unakA prayoga kara jIvana meM saphalatAe~ hAsila kara sakatA hai| 12. ekAgratA : sAdhaka kI sAdhanA ekAgratA para nirbhara karatI hai| jaisejaise ekAgratA saghana hotI jAtI hai, nirvicAra avasthA A jAtI hai| isa avasthA meM mastiSka meM alphA taraMgeM prabhAvita hotI haiM aura vyakti apUrva Ananda kA anubhava karatA hai| ekAgratA ke lie apramAda aura jAgarUka bhAva parama Avazyaka hai| kintu inakA mahattva tabhI siddha ho sakatA hai jaba ye lambe samaya taka nirantara rheN| dekhane aura jAnane kI kriyA meM bAra-bAra vyavadhAna na aae| citta usa kriyA meM pragAr3ha aura niSprakampa ho jaae| antarmuharta taka eka Alambana para citta ko pragAr3ha sthiratA ke sAtha abhyAsa meM lgaaeN| isa avadhi ke bAda dhyAna kI dhArA rUpAntarita hotI hai| Age sAdhaka apane dIrghakAlIna prayAsa se dhArA ko naye rUpa meM pakar3akara use aura pralamba banA detA hai| AdhyAtmika sAdhanA pAralaukika unnati kI dyotaka to hai hI kintu usase 45. pAsanAhacariaM, pR. 460 ~~~~~~~~~~~irioin 47 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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Adhunika cintaka aura dhyAnasAdhanA sAdhaka ko aihika yA sAMsArika dRSTi se bhI zAnti prApta hotI hai, udvignatA miTatI hai / isI kAraNa vaha sarvathA Adeya yA upAdeya hai| jo kevala paraloka kI bAta kareM, svarga prApti kI hI carcA kareM, Aja ke vaijJAnika vAyumaNDala meM palane vAle janajIvana meM usa ora AkarSaNa nahIM hotA-jAdU vaha hai jo sira para car3hakara bole- isa kahAvata ke anusAra Aja kA vyakti yaha cAhatA hai ki dharma kI ArAdhanA se use sAMsArika jIvana meM bhI kucha prApta honA cAhie / svarga prApti hI unheM paryApta nahIM lagatI kyoMki vaha to parokSa hai| milegA yA na milegA yA kaba milegA isa saba ke Age praznacihna lage haiN| aise vaicArika yuga meM AcArya mahAprajJa ne prekSA dhyAna kA saMpravartana kara ina praznoM kA nizcaya hI samAdhAna diyA hai| mAnava Aja ke tanAvagrasta jIvana meM prekSA dhyAna dvArA tanAvamukti kI ora bar3ha sakatA hai| deha, mana aura unake vividha paryAyoM paryavekSaNa se jIvana meM yathArthatA kA bodha hotA hai, jisase lAlasA aura kAmanAoM ke jaMjAla meM grasta azAnta mAnasikatA prazAnta bhAva prApta kara sakatI hai| prekSA dvArA janita Antarika anubhUtiyoM se vikAragrasta bahirjIvana bhI uttama saMskAraniSTha bana sakatA hai| mAnasika saMkleza aura udvega se zarIra para bhI prabhAva par3atA hai| usase kaI prakAra kI vyAdhiyoM kA honA bhI AzaMkita hai| yadi saMkleza, udvega miTa jAte haiM to vaise saMkaToM se mukta rahA jA sakatA hai| prekSA dhyAna mAnasika saMkleza aura udvega ko prazAnta bhAva se pariNata karane kA saphala mArga hai| Aja kA lokamAnasa vividha sampradAyoM meM ba~Te hue dharma meM, karma meM rucizIla hotA jA rahA hai| vaha to eka aisA mArga cAhatA hai jo sampradAyAtIta ho, sarvagrAhya ho / prekSA dhyAna eka aisA hI sAdhanAkrama hai jo jaina - jainetara sabhI ke dvArA niHsaMkoca grAhya hai| Aja prAyaH sabhI dharmoM ke anuyAyI isameM sotsAha bhAga lete jA rahe haiN| ina saba kAraNoM ko dekhate hue yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prekSA dhyAna vartamAna yuga kI dhArmika bubhukSA tathA sAdhanA viSayaka pipAsA ke lie anna aura jala kI taraha eka pauSTika aura balaprada khurAka hai| khaNDa : navama 48

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upasaMhAra prastuta zodha prabandha kA mukhya prayojana jainadharma meM dhyAna sAdhanA ke aitihAsika vikAsa krama ko spaSTa karanA hai| yadyapi prastuta kRti meM hamane jaina dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi ke svarUpa, bheda, prakAra Adi kA nirdeza yathAprasaMga kiyA hai phira bhI hamArI dRSTi dhyAna ke svarUpa evaM prakAroM kI carcA taka sImita na hokara kAlakrama meM jaina dhyAna vidhi meM kaise-kaise parivartana Aye, isakI carcA karane kI ora rahI hai| jaina paramparA meM dhyAna sAdhanA kI noAgamika vidhi rahI hai vaha to ati prAcIna hai| usakA sambandha to Adi tIrthaMkara bha. RSabhadeva ke sAtha jor3A jAtA hai| bha. RSabhadeva ke kAla meM dhyAna sAdhanA kA kyA svarUpa rahA hogA yaha batA pAnA to Aja kaThina hai kyoMki Aja hamAre pAsa jo Agama upalabdha haiM ve bha. mahAvIra kI paramparA ke hI haiN| RSabhadeva kI aitihAsikatA kevala isI AdhAra para siddha hotI hai ki unake ullekha jaina aura jainetara granthoM meM milate haiN| unase hameM yaha to jJAta ho jAtA hai ki RSabhadeva ne dhyAna sAdhanA kI thI aura usI ke mAdhyama se kevalajJAna kA prakaTana kiyA thA, kintu aitihAsika prAmANika sAkSyoM ke abhAva meM hama isa sambandha meM adhika kucha batA pAne meM samartha nahIM haiN| RSabhadeva kI vAstavika dhyAna vidhi kA paricaya denA to sambhava nahIM hai, kintu kucha vidvAnoM ne mohanajodar3o evaM har3appA kI sIloM ke AdhAra para yaha spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki ve padmAsana, arddhapadmAsana yA khaDgAsana meM dhyAna karate the lekina ve kisakA aura kisa vidhi se dhyAna karate the isa sambandha meM hameM koI ullekha prApta nahIM hotA hai| phira bhI unheM bhAratIya dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi ke Adya puruSa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| vedoM meM RSabha yA vRSabha zabda kA ullekha to aneka bAra huA hai kintu vahA~ unakI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kA koI nirdeza nahIM hai| prastuta zodha prabandha ke prathama adhyAya meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke zramaNa saMgha se vikasita huI vibhinna zramaNa dhArAoM meM hameM dhyAnasAdhanA ke nirdeza milate haiN| mohanajodar3o aura har3appA se milI dhyAnastha yogiyoM kI sIleM tathA dhyAnamudrA kA eka kabandha isakA pramANa hai| jaina paramparA meM 'RSibhASita' meM aura bauddha paramparA meM 'thera gAthA' meM zramaNa paramparA ke jina RSiyoM kA ullekha hai ve tapa aura dhyAna se yukta hote the, aise sAkSya uttarAdhyayana satra meM aura svayaM 'RSibhASita' meM milate haiN| RSi-meM bhASita' meM gaIbhAla RSi ke dvArA dhyAna kA sabhI sAdhanA vidhiyoM

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meM zIrSastha sthAna batAnA tathA uttarAdhyayana meM unake hI ziSya saMjaya ke tapa aura dhyAna meM nirata rahane ke ullekha se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki bhAratIya zramaNadhArA meM tapa aura dhyAna kA viziSTa mahattva thA / aupaniSadika RSi bhI tapa dhyAna Adi karate the, aise nirdeza bhI upalabdha haiN| isakI carcA bhI prathama adhyAya meM kI gaI hai| jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyoM kI dhyAnastha mudrA se bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki bhAratIya zramaNa paramparA mukhyatayA tapa aura dhyAna para bala detI rahI hai aura dhyAna unakI sAdhanA kA eka viziSTa aMga hotA thA / pArzva ke kathAnaka meM bhI kamaTha ke upasarga ke samaya unakA dhyAna meM sthira honA yahI sUcita karatA hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti meM dhyAna sAdhanA ati prAcIna kAla se pracalita rahI hai| isa prakAra prastuta prabandha ke prathama adhyAya meM Age hamane yaha bhI spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki bhAratIya zramaNa saMskRti meM dhyAna kA kyA mahattva aura sthAna rahA hai| hameM na kevala jaina paramparA se apitu vaidika aura bauddha paramparA se bhI aneka sandarbha mile haiM jinase mahAvIra kI pUrvakAlIna dhyAna sAdhanA kI paramparA ke pramANa prApta hote haiM / jaina dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi ke sambandha meM spaSTa ullekha hameM Agama kAla se hI milate haiN| AgamoM meM 'AcArAMga' jaise prAcIna Agama se lekara paravartI kAlIna aneka AgamoM meM dhyAna sAdhanA ke vividha saMdarbha upalabdha hote haiM / 'AcArAMga' meM mahAvIra kI dhyAna sAdhanA kI vidhi kA svarUpa upalabdha hai| AgamoM meM sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga aura aupapAtika aise grantha haiM jinameM dhyAna ke Alambana, lakSaNa, svarUpa evaM prakAroM kA spaSTa ullekha milatA hai| inakI vizada carcA hamane prastutakRti ke dvitIya adhyAya meM kI hai| AgamoM meM prAyaH cAroM hI dhyAnoM kA ullekha huA hai| phira bhI yahA~ yaha samajha lenA Avazyaka hai ki Agamayuga meM sAdhanAtmaka dRSTi se to kevala dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kA hI mahattva svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / SaTkhaNDAgama meM inhIM do dhyAnoM kI vistRta carcA hai | Agama ke samakAlIna bauddha tripiTaka sAhitya meM bhI zramaNoM ke dhyAna sambandhI kucha ullekha milate haiN| isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki Agamika sAdhanA paddhati meM dhyAna kA mahattva aura sthAna akSuNNa rUpa se banA rahA hai / AgamoM meM dhyAna ko zramaNa jIvana kI sAdhanA kA vizeSa aMga batAyA gayA hai| AgamoM meM zramaNa jIvana caryA meM chaha ghaNTe dhyAna aura 12 ghaNTe svAdhyAya karane ke nirdeza haiN| arddhamAgadhI AgamoM ke sAtha-sAtha unakI niyukti, bhASya, cUrNiyoM tathA (2)

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TIkAoM meM dhyAna se sambandhita jo sAmagrI hameM upalabdha huI hai use hamane AgamoM ke sAtha hI rakhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isakA mUla kAraNa yaha hai ki sAmAnyatayA ye Agamika vyAkhyAyeM dhyAna vidhi ke svarUpa evaM prakAra Adi kI carcA karate hue AgamoM kA hI anusaraNa karatI haiN| inameM hameM koI dhyAna sambandhI maulika carcA dRSTigata nahIM huI hai| Agama meM jo kucha kahA gayA hai use hI kiMcit spaSTatA ke sAtha yahA~ vyAkhyAyita kiyA gayA hai| ina Agamika vyAkhyAoM meM jinabhadragaNi kA vizeSAvazyaka bhASya mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| usameM evaM cUrNi sAhitya meM dhyAna kI paribhASA evaM spaSTIkaraNa to mila jAtA hai kintu jo Agamika mAnyatA hai usase haTakara vahA~ hameM koI bhI navIna bAta nahIM milatI hai| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya ke kartA jinabhadragaNi kA dhyAna zataka yA 'jhANAjjhayaNaM' upalabdha hotA hai jisameM dhyAna sambandhI vistRta carcA hai| isa sambandha meM hamane caturtha adhyAya meM carcA kI hai ata: yahAM usakA vizeSa ullekha Avazyaka nhiiN| isa prakAra AgamoM meM cAroM dhyAnoM ke upaprakAroM, lakSaNoM, AlambanoM evaM bhAvanA Adi kA hI ullekha milatA hai| uttarAdhyayana meM vizeSa rUpa se yaha bAta kahI gaI hai ki dhyAna yA kAyotsarga kI sAdhanA se Atmavizaddhi hotI hai aura usase jIva citta kI samAdhi pUrvaka sukha kA anubhava karate haiN| Agama aura Agamika vyAkhyAoM ke pazcAt tIsare adhyAya meM zaurasenI Agama tulya sAhitya meM dhyAna sambandhI vivaraNoM ko prastuta karane aura unakI samIkSA karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| ardhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya tathA niyukti Adi prAcIna Agamika vyAkhyAoM ke samakAlIna isa sAhitya meM kaSAyapAhur3a, SaTkhaNDAgama Adi karma sAhitya ke grantha, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, jaina sAdhanAparaka grantha evaM AcArya kundakunda ke adhyAtmaparaka grantha samAhita haiN| inake atirikta bhI zaurasenI bhASA meM nibaddha sAdhanAparaka anya grantha yathA kArtikeyAnuprekSA, yogasAra, dravyasaMgraha Adi meM bhI dhyAna sambandhI nirUpaNa upalabdha hotA hai| yadyapi SaTkhaNDAgama, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA Adi meM cAroM dhyAnoM kA ullekha mila jAtA hai, kintu vizeSa rUpa se ina granthoM kA pratipAdya Atmavizuddhi ke hetu dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna hI rahe haiN| ina granthoM meM dhyAna ko paribhASita yA vyAkhyAyita karane kI apekSA vaha AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA meM kisa prakAra sahAyaka hai, isakA ullekha huA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne to apane granthoM meM dhyAna kA prayojana zuddha Atmatattva meM avasthiti ko mAnA hai| unakA vivecana nizcaya naya pradhAna hai| ve svasvarUpa meM (3)

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avasthiti ko hI dhyAna kA lakSya mAnate haiN| dUsare ve dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna kI tripuTI ke mUla meM AtmA ko hI dekhate haiN| unake anusAra AtmA hI dhyAtA hai aura zuddha Atma tattva hI dhyeya hai aura zuddha Atma tattva ke svarUpa meM ramaNa karanA hI dhyAna hai / dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna meM tAdAtmya kI yaha carcA AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kI vizeSatA hai| dUsarI bAta AcArya kundakunda ke dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM jo pramukha rUpa se ubhara kara sAmane AtI hai vaha yaha hai ki ve dhyAna kA sAdhya nirvikalpa dazA ATHT haiM aura isalie dharmadhyAna kI apekSA zukla dhyAna unakI vivecanA kA pramukha viSaya rahA hai 1 ki jahA~ taka 'mUlAcAra' ke dhyAna sambandhI vivecanoM kA prazna hai, hama dekhate haiM mUlAcAra meM arddhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya ke samarUpa hI dhyAna ke prakAroM, lakSaNoM, AlambanoM Adi kA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| isa prakAra jahAM mUlAcAra aura arddhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya ke dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM samarUpatA hai vahIM AcArya kundakunda dhyAna ke sambandha meM eka alaga dRSTi hI prastuta karate haiM / 1 kArttikeyAnuprekSA yA vArassANupekkhA meM bhAvanAoM ko hI yA anuprekSAoM ko hI dhyAtavya mAnA gayA hai / tattvArthasUtra, dhyAnazataka, iSTopadeza, samAdhitaMtra Adi saMskRta granthoM ke dhyAna sambandhI vivecana ko prastuta zodha prabandha ke caturtha adhyAya meM samAhita kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi tattvArtha sUtra mUla aura usakI zvetAmbara aura digambara TIkAoM meM dhyAna ke svarUpa, prakAra, Alambana Adi kI jo sAmAnyatayA carcA hameM upalabdha hotI hai vaha AgamoM kA anusaraNa karatI pratIta hotI hai / kintu tattvArthasUtra kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki usameM cAroM dhyAnoM ke svAmI kI carcA bhI kI gaI hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki jahA~ bhASyamAna pATha meM dharma dhyAna kA svAmI batAyA hai, vahA~ digambara pATha meM usake svAmI kI koI carcA hI nahIM hai| bhASyamAna pATha meM dharma dhyAna kA svAmI apramatta saMyata ko batAyA hai, jabaki tattvArtha sUtra aura karma siddhAnta tathA SaTkhaNDAgama Adi meM avirata samyagdRSTi se lekara Age ke guNasthAnoM meM usakI sattA mAnI hai / tattvArtha- TIkAoM meM na kevala dhyAna ke svarUpa Adi kA gambhIra dArzanika vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai apitu dhyAna ke kAla, sthAna, dhyAtA ke saMhanana Adi kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai / yaha carcA bhI prastuta kI gaI hai ki kisa guNasthAna meM kaunasA dhyAna sambhava hogA / guNasthAnoM ke AdhAra para dhyAna kI sambhAvanAoM kA yaha vicAra arddhamAgadhI Agama sAhitya meM prAya: anupalabdha hai / tattvArtha kI TIkAoM kI eka anya (4)

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yaha bhI vizeSatA hai ki unameM dhyAna sambandhI vivecana ke prasaMga para anya dArzanika matoM kI samIkSA bhI kI gaI hai aura unakI kamiyoM ko iMgita bhI kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra tattvArtha sUtra kI TIkAoM kA dhyAna sambandhI vivecana samIkSAtmaka hai| isake mUla sUtra meM hI yaha batAyA gayA hai ki cAra dhyAnoM meM antima do dhyAna hI mokSa ke hetu haiN| sambhavataH, jaina darzana meM dhyAna para sabase pahale koI svatantra grantha likhA gayA hai to vaha jina-bhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA 'dhyAna zataka' hI hai| yaha grantha dhyAna ke sthala, dhyAna ke kAla, dhyAna kI avadhi, dhyAna ke Asana, dhyAna ke avalambana, dhyAna kA viSaya, dhyAtA kI yogyatA Adi sabhI tattvoM para sarvAMgINa prakAza DAlatA hai| yaha grantha mUlata: tattvArtha kI TIkAoM se paravartI hai aura isalie hama kaha sakate haiM ki tattvArtha kI TIkAoM meM jo dhyAna ke sthala, kAla Adi kA vivecana hai vaha sambhavata: prathama bAra suvyavasthita rUpa se dhyAna zataka' meM hI upalabdha hotA hai| isa grantha kI eka anya vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM dhyAna ke kramika sopAnoM para ArohaNa ke pazcAt sAdhaka kisa prakAra AtmasvarUpa meM lIna hotA hai, isakA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| iSTopadeza AcArya pUjyapAda kI eka AdhyAtmika sAdhanApradhAna racanA hai| isa kRti ko bhI isI caturtha adhyAya meM samAhita kiyA gayA hai| pUjyapAda ne apane dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM mukhya rUpa se tIna bAteM prastuta kI haiN| prathama to unhoMne yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki dhyAna prazasta aura aprazasta donoM prakAra kA ho sakatA hai| sAdhaka ko prazasta dhyAna kI ora hI apane kadama bar3hAne caahie| dUsare, dhyAna meM hamArA lakSya sva svarUpa kI upalabdhi hI honA caahie| tIsare, ve kundakunda kA anusaraNa karate hue spaSTa rUpa se yaha pratipAdita karate haiM ki dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna meM tAdAtmya hai| azuddha AtmA dhyAtA hai, zuddha Atmatattva dhyeya hai aura zuddha Atma tattva ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA hI dhyAna hai| isI prakAra unhoMne apane dUsare grantha 'samAdhitaMtra' meM AtmAnubhUti ko hI dhyAna mAnA hai| isa grantha meM unhoMne dhyAna ke sthAna para upAsaka, upAsya aura upAsanA ke ekatva para bala diyA hai aura svasvarUpa meM avasthiti ko hI sAdhamA kA lakSya batAyA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki Agamika yuga se prArambha hokara jaina dhyAna paramparA meM eka kramika vikAsa huA hai| paravartI AcAryoM ne yadyapi Agamika avadhAraNAoM ko apanA AdhAra banAyA hai kintu unhoMne Agamika saMketoM se Age bar3hate hue eka yugAnukUla dhyAna vidhi kA (5)

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vikAsa bhI kiyA hai| kintu yahA~ smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki 'AcArAMga' jaise prAcIna stara ke AgamoM meM AtmasajagatA yA sAkSI bhAva kI jisa dhyAna vidhi ke saMketa upalabdha hote haiM vaha dhyAnavidhi kAlakrama meM vismRta hotI gayI aura mukhya rUpa se citta kI ekAgratA ko hI AdhAra banAkara dhyAnavidhi kA vikAsa kiyA gyaa| dUsarI ora AdhyAtmika dRSTipradhAna AcAryoM ne dhyAna ko AtmAnubhUti se evaM AtmaramaNa se jor3akara dhyAna kI eka vyavasthita prakriyA kI upekSA kii| isa prakAra mahAvIra se lekara lagabhaga AThavIM zatAbdI ke pUrva taka jaina paramparA meM dhyAnavidhi meM aneka rUpAntaraNa hue / punaH AThavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya haribhadra ne jaina dhyAna vidhi ko yogasAdhanA sAtha jor3ane kA prayatna kiyA / AcArya haribhadra ke vyApaka cintana ke pariNAmasvarUpa jahA~ eka ora jaina dhyAnavidhi yoga-darzana se prabhAvita huI vahIM dUsarI ora jaina paramparA ke vaiziSTya ko surakSita rakhane ke lie AcArya haribhadra ne ATha yogadRSTiyoM kA vikAsa kiyA aura unheM aSTAMga yoga ke rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA / vastutaH ye ATha dRSTiyA~ dhyAna sAdhanA ke kramika vikAsa kI sUcaka rahI haiN| isI prasaMga meM unhoMne gotrayogI, kulayogI, pravRttacakrayoga, niSpanna yoga Adi yogiyoM ke bheda kiye, sAtha hI yoga ke bheda karate hue icchAyoga, zAstrayoga, sAmarthyayoga Adi kI suvyavasthita vivecanA prastuta kI / isake pariNAmasvarUpa jaina dhyAna sAdhanA meM puna: eka rUpAntaraNa AyA / isameM jaina dhyAna vidhi pAtaMjala ke aSTAMga yoga se aMzata: prabhAvita huI hai| isakI carcA pA~caveM adhyAya meM kI gaI hai| usake pazcAt lagabhaga dasavIM zatAbdI meM digambara AcArya zubhacandra 'ne 'jJAnArNava' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI aura usameM dhyAna-sAdhanA kA vistRta vivecana bhI prastuta kiyA / kintu eka ora unhoMne jaina paramparA kI dhyAnasAdhanA vidhi ko surakSita rakhane kA prayatna kiyA to dUsarI ora ve tAMtrika sAdhanA vidhi ke prabhAva se apane ko mukta nahIM rakha ske| unhoMne sarvaprathama dharmadhyAna ke antargata piMDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta aise cAra dhyAnoM kA tathA pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM kA ullekha kiyA / zvetAmbara paramparA meM AcArya hemacandra ne bhI unhIM kA anusaraNa karate hue jaina dhyAnavidhi meM rUpastha, padastha, piNDastha Adi dhyAnoM aura pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM kA na kevala ullekha kiyA apitu unheM jaina paramparA ke sAtha samAyojita karane ke lie unakI vidhi meM AMzika parivartana bhI kiyA / isI prakAra unhoMne pAtaMjala yoga se prabhAvita hokara ekAgratA kI apekSA se (6)

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mana kI cAra avasthAoM kA citraNa kiyA aura dhyAna kI ekAgratA ke lie yaha Avazyaka mAnA ki vyakti vikSipta yA yAtAyAta manaHsthitiyoM se Upara uThatA huA zliSTa aura sulIna mana ko prApta kre| tabhI usakI dhyAna sAdhanA saphala ho sakatI hai| hemacandra dvArA ullikhita mana kI ye cAra avasthAyeM pAtaMjala yoga meM varNita pA~ca avasthAoM kA hI rUpAntara thaa| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA eka aitihAsika krama meM vikAsa huaa| AcArya zubhacandra kI eka dUsarI vizeSatA yaha bhI rahI ki unhoMne tritattva ke antargata zivatattva, kAma tattva aura garur3a tattva kA jo vivecana kiyA hai vaha dhyAna meM paramocca zreyas bhAva, tIvratama utsAha aura parama parAkrama ko saMyojita karane ke lie kiyA gayA hai| vastuta: AcArya zubhacandra kI isa carcA para bhI zaiva tAMtrikoM kA spaSTa prabhAva hai| AcArya zubhacandra ke pazcAt AcArya hemacandra ke pUrvavartI AcAryoM ne 'yazastilakacampU' ke kartA AcArya somadeva kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| inhoMne 'yazastilaka campU' ke upAsakAdhyayana, jo svataMtra grantha ke rUpa meM bhI prakAzita huA hai, usameM dhyAna kA vivecana kiyA hai| isake atirikta bhI unakA eka svataMtra grantha 'yogamArga' hai jo dhyAna se sambandhita hai| isa grantha meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki dhyAna eka aisI rasAyana vidhi hai jisase AtmA niSkaluSa, nirdoSa aura nirmala bana jAtI hai| yogamArga, meM sAmAnyatayA paramparAgata cAroM dhyAnoM kI carcA huI hai| isameM kevala eka hI vizeSatA parilakSita hotI hai vaha yaha ki granthakAra ne dhyAna-sAdhanA ke sAthasAtha prANAyAma Adi ko bhI jor3ane kA prayatna kiyA hai| isa prakAra yaha grantha jaina paramparA sammata dhyAna ke sAtha-sAtha yoga paramparA kI prANAyAma Adi kI vidhi ko bhI sammilita karatA hai| isa prakAra yaha grantha pAtaMjala yoga aura jainadarzana kA samanvita rUpa pratIta hotA hai| isakI apekSA upAsakAdhyayana ati vistRta hai aura paramparAgata jaina dhyAnavidhi ko prastuta karatA hai| jaina dhyAna paramparA ke aitihAsika vikAsa krama kI dRSTi se bhAskarAnandI kA 'dhyAnastava' eka pramukha grantha mAnA jA sakatA hai| Apa zubhacandra ro paravartI aura hemacandra ke samakAlIna mAne jAte haiN| inakA kAla bArahavIM zatAbdI hai| isa grantha meM bhAskarAnandI ne jahA~ eka ora Agamasammata dhyAna ke cAra bhedoM, unake lakSaNoM, avalambana Adi kI carcA kI hai vahIM unhoMne zubhacandra aura hemacandra ke samarUpa hI piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpavarjita tathA pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM kA ullekha (7)

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kiyA hai| isase aisA lagatA hai ki ve bhI zubhacandra ke samAna hI zaiva tAntrikoM kI dhyAna paramparA se prabhAvita rhe| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne bhI piNDastha Adi dhyAnoM kI aura pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM kI carcA kii| unake isa grantha meM zubhacandra kI paramparA kA anusaraNa dekhA jAtA hai| prastuta prabandha kA saptama adhyAya AcArya hemacandra se sambandhita hai| AcArya hemacandra kA kAla lagabhaga bArahavIM zatAbdI hai| ata: ye zubhacandra ke paravartI haiN| unake yogazAstra meM jina piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta aise cAra dhyAnoM kA aura pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM kA varNana milatA hai usakI carcA hama zubhacandra ke sAtha kara cuke haiN| vahA~ hamane yaha bhI batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki AcArya hemacandra ne apane yogazAstra meM ina dhAraNAoM kA jaina paramparA ke sAtha kisa prakAra samAyojana kiyA hai| AcArya hemacandra kI eka vizeSatA yaha bhI hai ki unhoMne apane grantha meM dhyAna sAdhanA ke sAtha-sAtha prANAyAma, pratyAhAra aura dhAraNA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| yaha ullekha zubhacandra Adi meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| isase aisA lagatA hai ki lagabhaga dasavIM zatAbdI se bArahavIM zatAbdI taka jaina dhyAna vidhi eka ora yogasAdhanAvidhi aura dUsarI ora zaiva tAntrikoM kI vidhi se prabhAvita rahI hai| hemacandra kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta ina cAra dhyAnoM para svatantra adhyAya likhe haiN| sAtha hI prANAyAma aura pratyAhAra ke dvArA parakAya pravezavidhi kA tathA vibhinna zubhAzubha saMketoM ke AdhAra para mRtyu ke kAla-jJAna kI vidhi kA bhI vikAsa kiyaa| yadyapi inakA sambandha sIdhe rUpa se dhyAnasAdhanA se nahIM hai| _ 'yogapradIpa' kA ullekha 'paMca parameSThimaMtrarAja dhyAnamAlA' meM AcArya hemacandra ke yogazAstra aura pataMjali ke yogasUtra ke sAtha huA hai| yaha to nizcita hai ki yogapradIpa hemacandra se paravartI hai| dhyAnasAdhanA ke kSetra meM isakA viziSTa mahattva isa dRSTi se mAnA jA sakatA hai ki isa para tAntrika dhyAnasAdhanA kA prabhAva apekSAkRta adhika huaa| isameM SaTcakra aura cAra pITha kA ullekha bhI milatA hai| isake AdhAra para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki yaha racanA bhI tAntrikoM ke prabhAva se mukta nahIM hai| isake sAtha hI isameM ATha yogAMgoM kI carcA bhI vistAra se upalabdha hotI hai| isa prakAra isa kRti meM prastuta dhyAnasAdhanA bhI aSTAMgayoga aura zaiva tantra se aprabhAvita nahIM hai| cAhe hameM kRti kA kAla spaSTa jJAta na ho kintu hama itanA kaha sakate haiM ki yaha kRti hemacandra ke yogazAstra se prabhAvita hai aura usakA anusaraNa bhI karatI hai| (8)

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hemacandra ke pazcAt yadyapi jaina yoga para 'yogapradIpa' eka mahattvapUrNa kRti ke rUpa meM jAnI jAtI hai kintu isake lekhaka, lekhanakAla aura paramparA Adi kA hameM kucha bhI patA nahIM calatA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM hemacandra ke bAda upAdhyAya sakalacandra gaNi ne 'dhyAnadIpikA' nAmaka eka svataMtra kRti kI racanA kii| yaha kRti vikrama saM. 1621 arthAt san 1565 kI racanA hai| isa kRti meM dhyAna ke mahattva, dhyAna ke pAtra yA adhikArI ke sAtha-sAtha dhyAna vidhi kA ullekha huA hai| yaha kRti AcArya zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava se adhika prabhAvita pratIta hotI hai| isameM bhI paramparAgata cAroM dhyAnoM kA ullekha huA hai| isa kRti kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM jahA~ eka ora zubhacandra, hemacandra Adi se samarUpatA dekhI jAtI hai vahIM dRSTikoNa kI apekSA donoM meM antara hai| sakalacandra Asana Adi dhyAna ke sahAyaka tattvoM para koI vizeSa bala nahIM dete apitu ve Asana aura prANAyAma ko dhyAna ke kSetra meM vighnakArI hI mAnate haiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki sakalacandra gaNi ne Asana, prANAyAma Adi kI dhyAna ke lie vyarthatA siddha karake prAcIna Agamika dhArA kA samarthana kiyA hai| ise hama dhyAna ke kSetra meM navIna parivartana to nahIM kaha sakate kintu itanA avazya kaha sakate haiM ki sakalacandra gaNi kI dRSTi kahIM na kahIM Agamika paramparA se prabhAvita hai| kintu dUsarI ora yaha bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki ve bhI AcArya zubhacandra aura hemacandra ke samAna hI piNDastha Adi dhyAnoM kA vivecana karate haiM, phira bhI unake cintana meM kahIM-nakahIM Agamika dRSTi samAhita hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne bhI zubhacandra, hemacandra Adi kA anusaraNa karate hue maitrI pramoda, karuNA aura mAdhyastha ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki isa saptama adhyAya meM sAmAnyatayA Agamika paramparA ko surakSita rakhate hae bhI dhyAna sambandhI vivecana meM kahIM-na-kahIM pAtaMjala yoga aura zaiva tantra ke prabhAva parilakSita hote haiN| prastuta prabandha kA AThavA~ adhyAya mukhya rUpa se upAdhyAya yazovijaya, yogirAja AnandaghanajI se sambandhita hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI aura AnandaghanajI donoM hI AdhyAtmika dRSTi saMpanna vyaktitva haiN| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne pAtaMjala yogasUtra para apanI vRtti likhI hai| unakI kRtiyoM meM adhyAtmasAra, adhyAtmopaniSad aura jJAnasAra mukhya rUpa se Atmopalabdhi ko hI apanA pratipAdya banAte haiN| yadyapi ina kRtiyoM meM dhyAna sambandhI prakIrNa-nirdeza to upalabdha (9)

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haiM kintu inheM dhyAnayoga ke svatantra grantha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| 'jJAnasAra' ke pratipAdya viSayoM meM jo 32 aSTaka haiM, unameM eka dhyAnASTaka bhI hai| dhyAnASTaka meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne dhyAna se hone vAlI AdhyAtmika upalabdhi kA nirdeza kiyA hai| unakA kathana hai ki dhyAna vaha vilakSaNa sAdhanA hai jisake mAdhyama se tIrthaMkara ke sarvotkRSTa pada ko prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra dhyAnASTaka meM bhI upAdhyAyazrI ne dhyAna ke mahattva ko pratipAdita kiyA hai kintu dhyAnasAdhanA kI kisI viziSTa vidhi ko rekhAMkita nahIM kiyA / adhyAtmayogI AnaMndaghana kI kRtiyA~ bhI adhyAtma rasa se hI paripUrNa haiM / unakI kRtiyoM meM caubIsI aura svatantra pada mahattvapUrNa haiN| Anandaghana eka rahasyavAdI cintaka haiN| sAmAnyatayA unhoMne AtmA se paramAtmA ke milana kI apekSA rakhate hue viraha vedanA meM apanI tar3apa ko hI abhivyakta kiyA hai| phira bhI unakI racanAoM meM cittavRtti kI ekAgratA para bala diyA gayA hai / mAtra yahI nahIM, unhoMne haThayoga se prabhAvita hokara Ir3A, piMgalA aura suSumnA nAr3iyoM kI tathA SaTcakroM ke bhedana kI bAta bhI kahI hai| ina granthoM meM hameM dhyAna vidhi kA koI spaSTa vivecana to upalabdha nahIM hotA haiM kintu tatsambandhI saMketa avazya upalabdha ho jAte hai| ina donoM hI AdhyAtmika sAdhakoM kI dRSTi meM dhyAna kA mukhya lakSya paramAtmasvarUpa kI upalabdhi yA AtmA yA paramAtmA kA milana hai / isa prakAra inhoMne dhyAna sAdhanA ke dhyeya ko to spaSTa kiyA hai kintu usakI vyavasthita vidhi kA kahIM koI nirdeza nahIM kiyA / inakA AdhyAtmika rahasyavAda sAdhanA mUlaka hone kI apekSA anubhUti mUlaka hai| vaha vidhividhAna ke anusaraNa ko itanA mahattva nahIM detA / yahI kAraNa hai ki inhoMne dhyAna sAdhanA kI spaSTa vidhi kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| yazovijaya aura Anandaghana ke bAda jaina paramparA meM lagabhaga tIna zatAbdiyoM taka aisA koI prakhara AcArya parilakSita nahIM hotA hai jisane jaina dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi ko nayA AyAma diyA ho / jaina dhyAna sAdhanA ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama meM sabase mahattvapUrNa yuga bIsavIM zatAbdI kA mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa yuga meM zrImad rAjacandra eka aise vyaktitva haiM jo dhyAna sAdhanA ko atyanta mahattva pradAna karate hai / yadyapi unakI Atmasiddhi Adi kRtiyoM kA mukhya pratipAdya svarUpAnubhUti hI hai, phira bhI usa svarUpAnubhUti meM ve dhyAnasAdhanA ko mahattva dete the / dhyAnasAdhanA kI unakI paddhati Agamika paramparA kA hI anusaraNa karatI hai / ve paramparAgata cAroM dhyAnoM, unake lakSaNoM, AlambanoM aura prakAroM (10)

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kA nirdeza karate haiN| unakI dhyAnasAdhanA vidhi meM Agamika paramparA se bhinna koI parivartana hameM parilakSita nahIM hotA hai / isI krama meM AcArya tulasI kI kRti 'manonuzAsanam' mahattvapUrNa mAnI jA sakatI hai| yaha Adhunika yuga kI jaina yoga para eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai / isameM vizeSa rUpa se mana ke bheda, dhyAnasAdhanA meM mana kA sthAna, dhyAna kA svarUpa, dhyAna ke bheda, dhyAna - dhyAtA - dhyeya Adi kA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| isa kRti meM eka vaiziSTya yaha parilakSita hotA hai ki jahA~ hemacandra ne mana ke bhedoM kI carcA meM cAra manoM kA ullekha kiyA hai vahA~ inhoMne usameM mUr3ha aura niruddha ina do ko jor3akara mana ke chaha: bheda kiye haiN| isameM unhoMne vikSipta ke pUrva mUr3ha aura sulIna ke pazcAt niruddha mana ko rakhA hai| isa prakAra jahA~ pAtaMjala ne pA~ca aura hemacandra ne cAra manoM kA ullekha kiyA hai vahA~ AcArya tulasI ne chahaH manoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| vizeSakara unhoMne mithyAdRSTi ke lie mUr3ha aura ayogI kevalI ke mana ke lie niruddha zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa kRti kI dUsarI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM dhyAnasAdhanA vidhi kI carcA bhI kI gaI hai aura use prekSA dhyAna ke sAtha jor3ane kA prayatna bhI kiyA gayA hai / dhyAna ke svarUpa, lakSaNa, Alambana aura bhAvanA ko lekara jahA~ Agamika dRSTikoNa se samarUpatA dekhI jAtI hai vahIM sAlambana dhyAna ke bheda ke rUpa meM piMDastha Adi bhedoM ko aura pArthivI Adi dhAraNAoM ko svIkAra karake zubhacandra aura hemacandra kA anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta pAtaMjala yogasUtra se prabhAvita hokara prANAyAma sambandhI kucha vidhiyoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna ke sandarbha meM isa yuga kI yaha eka samagra kRti kahI jA sakatI hai| AcArya tulasI ke 'manonuzAsana' taka jaina dhyAna vidhi meM koI yugAntarakArI parivartana huA ho, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| jaina dhyAna vidhi meM jo eka yugAntarakArI parivartana parilakSita hotA hai vaha bauddha paramparA se AcArya satyanArAyaNa jI goyanakA dvArA lAyI gaI vipazyanA paddhati ke bAda hI parilakSita hotA hai| vipazyanA kI yaha paddhati mUlata: hInayAnI bauddha paramparA kI mUlabhUta paddhati hai jisake kucha bIja aura AMzika samarUpatA jaina Agama AcArAMga meM dRSTigocara hote haiM / vastuta: yaha citta kI sajagatA aura sAkSIbhAva kI sAdhanA kA hI eka rUpa hai / isa paddhati ke bhArata Agamana ke sAtha jaina dhyAnasAdhanA vidhi meM eka krAMtikArI parivartana AyA hai| vaha puna: apanI mUla dhArA se jur3ane ko udyata huI hai / sarvaprathama AcArya tulasI ke vidvAn ziSya aura terApaMtha ke vartamAna ke AcArya mahAprajJa jI ne goyanakAjI ke vipazyanA ke ziviroM meM bhAga liyA aura usa paddhati ko sIkha kara . (11)

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yaha anubhava kiyA ki yaha jaina paramparA kI bhI prAcInatama paddhati rahI hai| phira unhoMne usa vipazyanA kI paddhati ko jaina AgamoM se jor3ate hue prekSA dhyAna' kI eka navIna vidhi kA vikAsa kiyaa| yaha vidhi jahA~ eka ora vipazyanA yA AcArAMga Adi kI prAcIna Agamika dhyAna paramparA se yojita hai vahIM isameM paravartI jaina AcArya, pAtaMjala yogasUtra, haThayoga kI paramparA aura Adhunika manovijJAna kA eka sammizraNa dekhA jAtA hai| unhoMne vipazyanA kI yA sAkSI bhAva kI sAdhanA kI prAcIna paddhati ko yuga ke anurUpa rUpAntarita karane kA prayatna kiyaa| ise jaina dhyAna vidhi kA eka navIna maulika rUpAntaraNa mAnA jA sakatA hai| isI krama meM vipazyanA aura prekSA kI vidhi se prabhAvita ho sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke AcArya nAnAlAla jI ma.sA. ne 'samIkSaNa dhyAna' kA vikAsa kiyaa| isa vidhi meM vizeSatA yaha hai ki yaha cittavRttiyoM ke samIkSaNa dvArA citta vizuddhi kA prayatna karatI hai| jahA~ vipazyanA aura prekSA meM sAkSIbhAva kI pramukhatA hai vahA~ samIkSaNa dhyAna vidhi meM sAkSIbhAva ke sAtha-sAtha viveka dRSTi kA sammizraNa bhI kiyA gayA hai| isI krama meM sthAnakavAsI zramaNa saMgha ke vartamAna AcArya zivamuni ne bhI goyanakAjI ke samIpa vipazyanA ko sIkhakara use jaina Agamika paramparA ke sAtha saMyojita karate hue apanI dhyAna paddhati prastuta kI hai| isI krama meM pUjyA sAdhvI umarAvaku~vara jI 'arcanA' ne mukhya rUpa se mudrAoM para bala dete hue mudrA dhyAna kI eka paddhati kA vikAsa kiyA hai| jJAtavya hai ki bhAratIya upAsanA paddhatiyoM meM madrAoM kA sAdhanA kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattva rahA hai| vizeSa rUpa se pUjA vidhAna Adi meM mudrAoM ko mahattva diyA jAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM bhI vibhinna mudrAoM ke ullekha milate haiN| vizeSa rUpa se yogamudrA, jinamudrA, vItarAgamudrA Adi ke ullekha haiM jo jaina paramparA ke taMtra aura vidhi-vidhAna sambandhI granthoM meM milate haiN| vizeSa rUpa se 'vidhimArgakRpA' meM AcArya jinaprabha sUri ne 73 mudrAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| pUjyA sAdhvIzrI ne sAdhanA kI apekSA kucha mahattvapUrNa mudrAoM ko aMgIkRta kara unake mAdhyama se cittavRtti ko ekAgra banAne sambandhI nirdeza diye hai| vartamAna yuga meM jaina paramparA meM janme AcArya rajanIza (ozo) ne dhyAna kI vibhinna vidhiyoM ke prayoga kiye haiN| vastuta: unake dvArA prastuta ye sabhI dhyAna vidhiyA~ vibhinna paramparAoM se saMkalita kI gaI haiN| ata: jaina dhyAna vidhi ke vikAsa kI apekSA inakA vizeSa mahattva nahIM hai| kyoMki jaina paramparA meM janma lekara bhI AcArya rajanIza kA dRSTikoNa vyApaka rahA hai| isalie jaina dhyAna vidhi kI aitihAsika vikAsa yAtrA meM unakI vidhiyoM ko sammilita karanA sambhava nahIM phira bhI hama itanA to kaha sakate (12)

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haiM ki dhyAna ke kSetra meM unakA jo vyApaka pariprekSya hai vaha dhyAna kI anya vidhAoM kI taraha jaina paramparA kI dhyAna vidhi se bhI prabhAvita nahIM hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadharma meM dhyAna sAdhanA kI eka sudIrgha paramparA hai, mahAvIra se mahAprajJa taka isakI yAtrA meM aneka par3Ava aura mor3a Aye haiN| mahAvIra ke yuga kI sajagatA kI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kramaza: rUpAntarita huI, usa para yogadarzana aura phira tantra kA prabhAva AyA aura eka sthiti aisI AI ki mahAvIra kI dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kA mUla svarUpa hI vismRta ho gyaa| goyanakAjI dvArA jaba buddha kI mUla dhyAna vidhi vipazyanA ke rUpa meM isa deza meM punarjIvita huI to usake Aloka meM AcArya mahAprajJa jI kA dhyAna mahAvIra kI mUla dhyAna sAdhanAvidhi kI khoja meM lagA aura prekSA dhyAna vidhi kA janma huA, jisameM mahAvIra kI mUla sAdhanA vidhi ke Agamika AdhAroM ko surakSita rakhate hue unakA yoga sAdhanAvidhi tathA Adhunika zarIra zAstra aura manovijJAna ke sAtha samanvaya karake prekSAdhyAnavidhi ko svarUpa milaa| isa prakAra jaina paramparA meM dhyAna sAdhanA vidhi kI mahAvIra se mahAprajJa taka kI yAtrA rocaka aura aneka anubhavoM se paripUrNa hai| prastuta kRti meM hamane yathAzakti unakA paricaya dene kA prayatna kiyA hai| AzA hai, pAThakavRnda aura vidvat jagat donoM hI isase lAbhAnvita hoNge| (13)

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sahAyaka grantha sUcI / HDDENTINESSP A RA adhyAtmadarzana : muninemicandra, vizvavAtsalya prakAzana samiti, lohA maNDI AgarA, (u. pra.), 1976 adhyAtmasAra : paM. munizrI nemicandra jI, zrI nirgrantha sAhitya prakAzana saMgha, dillI, 1976 adhyAtmasAra, adhyAtmopaniSad, jJAnasAra prakaraNa ratnatrayI : upA. yazovijaya, kezara bAI jJAna bhaNDAra, jAmanagara, vi.saM. 1994 anuttaropapAtika : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. 'madhukara', Agama prakAzana samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara abhidhammatthasaMgaho (navanIta TIkA) abhidhAna cintAmaNi : hemacandrAcArya, caukhambA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI, 1964 amRtanAdopaniSad : gItApresa gorakhapura amitagati zrAvakAcAra : zrAvakAcAra saMgraha, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura arcanArcana grantha : (saM.) sAdhvI DaoN. suprabhA jI ma.sA. 'sudhA', munizrI hajArImala smRti prakAzana samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara, 1988 aSTa pAhur3a : kundakunda kahAna di. jaina tIrtha surakSA TrasTa, jayapura, 1984 aMguttara nikAya : mahAbodhi sabhA, kalakattA AcArAMga sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. 'madhukara', Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara Adi purANa : (saM.) pannAlAla jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1963 Anandaghana padAvalI : (saM.) nainamala vinayacanda surANA, jaina zvetAmbara sakala saMgha, mer3atA siTI, vi.saM. 2053 Avazyaka niyukti : AcArya haribhadra - Agamodaya samiti, bambaI Avazyaka sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. madhukara, Agama prakAzana (1)

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samiti, byAvara Avazyaka sUtra bhAga 2 haribhadra vRtti sahita : nirNayasAgara presa, mumbaI 1917 iSTopadeza : AcArya pUjyapAda (saM.) paramAnanda zAstrI, vIrasevA maMdira dariyAgaMja, dillI vi.saM. 2020 isibhAsiyAI : prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura uttarAdhyayana sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. 'madhukara', Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara upAsakadazAMga sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. 'madhukara', Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara aupapAtika sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. 'madhukara', Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara karmagrantha (hindI) zrI devendrasUri, TIkA - zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA., marudhara kesarI sAhitya prakAzana samiti, jodhapura 1974 kArtikeyAnuprekSA : svAmI kumAra viracitA, zrImad rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa gItA : gItApresa, gorakhapura gItA kA dhyAnayoga : svAmI rAmasukhadAsa : govinda bhavana, gorakhapura, vi. saM. 2041 * gheraNDa saMhitA : DaoN. camanalAla gautama, saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI chAndogyopaniSad : gItA presa, gorakhapura vi.saM. 2023 jainadarzana manana aura mImAMsA - AcArya mahAprajJa : Adarza sAhitya saMgha, cUrU (rAjasthAna) jainadharma : paM. kailAzacandra jaina zAstrI, jainasaMgha caurAsI, mathurA jaina yoga grantha catuSTaya : (saM.) DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI, munizrI hajArImala smRti prakAzana samiti, byAvara jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza : paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra jaina yoga paramparA : muni rAkezakumAra : tulasI adhyAtmanIDam, 1982 (2)

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* tattvArthasUtra : paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI 1976 tattvArtha - rAjavArtikam : bhaTTAkalaMka deva, yUnivarsala ejensIja, deragA~va AsAma tattvArtha - zloka vArtikAlaMkAra, vidyAnandI, kunthusAgara granthamAlA, solApura, 1984 dazavaikAlika sUtra : AcArya AtmArAma jI ma.sA., khajAMcIrAma jaina, jainazAstramAlA, lAhaura, 1946 dazavaikAlika sUtra : yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara dIghanikAya : mahAbodhisabhA, sAranAtha dravyasaMgraha : zrImannemicanda saiddhAntikadeva viracita, kolhApura, 1900 dhammapada : dharmarakSita, mAsTara khelAr3IlAla eNDa saMsa, banArasa dharma : jIvana jIne kI kalA : satyanArAyaNa goyanakA, siyAjI U.vA. khina memoriyala TrasTa, mumbaI dhyAnadIpikA : upAdhyAya sakalacandra, devIdAsa hemacandra borA, 98 golabAjAra, khaDgapura, 1961 dhyAna : eka divya sAdhanA : AcArya zivamuni, prajJA dhyAna evaM svAdhyAya kendra, mumbaI, dvi.saM. 2000 dhyAna bindUpaniSad : paM. zrIrAma zarmA, saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI dhyAna zataka : divyadarzana kAryAlaya, kAlUpura ahamadAbAda vi.saM. 2030 dhyAna sampradAya : DaoN. bharatasiMha upAdhyAya, nezanala pabliziMga hAusa, dillI dhyAna stava : AcArya bhAskaranandI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI nandIsUtra : (saM) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma. sAM. 'madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara niyamasAra : kundakunda, zrI kundakunda kahAna jaina tIrtha surakSA TrasTa, jayapura, 1984 paMcAstikAya : kundakunda, zrI kundakunda kahAna jaina tIrtha surakSA TrasTa, jayapura, 1984 (3)

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paMcAzaka prakaraNa : AcArya haribhadra, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI, 1997 pAsanAha cariaM : praphullakumAra modI, prAkRta graMtha pariSad, vArANasI, 1965 pAtaMjala yogasUtra (bhojavRtti) (saM.) rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya, bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, vArANasI 1969 pAtaMjala yogadarzanam : vAcaspati mizra viracita tattvazAradI TIkA, bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, vArANasI, 1971 pAtaMjala yogadarzanam : udayavIra zAstrI, govindarAma hAsAnanda, dillI praznavyAkaraNa sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara prajJApanAsUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI. ma.sA. madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara pramANanaya tattvAloka : vAdidevasUri, jaina dhArmika parIkSA borDa, pAtharDI ahamadanagara 1972 prazamarati : umAsvAmI : paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, mumbaI 1950 prekSA : eka paricaya : muni kizanalAla, jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM bRhad dravya saMgraha : brahmadeva viracita TIkA sahita, rAjacandra Azrama agAsa, vi.saM. 2022 bRhatkalpabhASya : AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI, AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara, 1936 brahmavijJAna : svAmI zrI yogezvarAnanda sarasvatI, yoganiketana TrasTa, RSikeza, 1974 bauddhadarzana mImAMsA : baladeva upAdhyAya, caukhambA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI, 1954 bhagavatI ArAdhanA : zivAryakRta, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaNa saMgha, solApura bhagavatI sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. 'madhukara', Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara bhAgavata : kSemarAja, kRSNadAsa, veMkaTezvara presa mumbaI, 1882 bhItara kI ora : AcArya mahAprajJa, jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM (4)

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mahAbhArata : gItApresa, gorakhapura majjhimanikAya : kazyapa jagadIza, bihAra rAjakIya pAli prakAzana maNDala, 1958 manusmRti : javAhara buka Dipo, meraTha manonuzAsanam : AcArya tulasI : Adarza sAhitya saMgha prakAzana, cUrU mUlAcAra : svAmI vaTTakera, bhA. anekAnta vidvat pariSad, vArANasI, 1996 mUlArAdhanA : zivArya, vIrapresa, jayapura yazastilakacampU : somadevasUri : nirNayasAgara presa mumbaI yAjJavalkya smRti : saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI yogazAstra : svopajJa vyAkhyA evaM hindI anuvAda, saMjaya sAhitya saMgama AgarA 1975 yogazAstra : AcArya hemacandra (saM.) muni samadarzI zrI RSabhacandra jauharI, kizanalAla jaina, dillI 1963 yogasAra : AcArya yogIndudeva : jinazruta prakAzana samiti, jayapura yogamArga : AcArya somadeva : zrI zAntisAgara jaina siddhAnta prakAzinI saMsthA, zAntivIranagara, zrImahAvIrajI yogamArga : AcArya somadeva : anuvAda evaM vivecana : zrI umarAvakuMvara jI ma.sA. 'arcanA', muni zrI hajArImala smRti prakAzana, byAvara, 2003 yogapradIpa : (saM.) amRtalAla kAlidAsa dozI, jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, mumbaI, 1960 yogavAsiSTha : mADarna thaoNTa : bI.ela. atre, da iNDiyana buka zaoNpa, banArasa, 1954 vizeSAvazyaka bhASya : zrI jinabhadragaNi, prAkRta vidyApITha, vaizAlI (bihAra) visuddhimagga : buddhaghoSa, bauddha bhAratI, vArANasI, 1977 zAntasudhArasa bhAvanA : mahopAdhyAya zrImad vinaya vijaya, zrI bhUpendra sUri jaina sAhitya saMcAlana samiti, Ahora zvetAzvataropaniSad, gItApresa gorakhapura SaTkhaNDAgama : jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura (5)

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Sor3azaka prakaraNa : AcArya haribhadra, nirNayasAgara presa, mumbaI 1911 samayasAra : kundakunda : ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa, jayapura 1983 samavAyAMga sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma. sA. 'madhukara', Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara samAdhitaMtra : AcArya pUjyapAda, vIra sevA mandira, dillI vi. saM. 2020 sarvArthasiddhi : (saM.) paM. phUlacanda jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI saMyuttanikAya : ( mahAvagga - pAli) bhikkhu jagadIza kAzyapa, pAli pablikezana borDa, bihAra 1959 sUtra nipAta : ( hindI pAli) bhikSu dharmaratna, mahAbodhi vArANasI, 1960 sUtrakRtAMga sUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma.sA. madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara skanda purANa : kalakattA sthAnAMgasUtra : (saM.) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImala jI ma. sA. madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara syAdvAda maMjarI : hemacandra, seTha maNilAla revAzaMkara jagajIvana jauharI, mumbaI, 1935 zrImad bhAgavata purANa, gItApresa, gorakhapura haThayoga pradIpikA : DaoN. camanalAla gautama, saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI jJAnArNava : AcArya zubhacandra, zrImad rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa jJAnasAra : padmasiMha, digambara jaina pustakAlaya, sUrata (6)

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5.dhyAna tatvataH AtmaniSThA hai| kintu jaba mana saMkalpoM se ghira jAtA hai aura usake nirasana hetu ceSTA kI jAtI hai to isa ceSTA ko dhyAna zabda se vyakta kiyA jAtA hai| AtmaniSThatA tumhArA vAstavika svarUpa hai tuma jaise ho tathAvat rho| yahI lakSya hai| maharSi ramaNa 'dhyAna' pustaka se uddhRta 6.dhyAna abhiyAna hai-sabase bar3A abhiyAna jisa para manuSya kA mana nikala sakatA hai| dhyAna hai basa honA-kucha bhI na karate huekoI kriyA nahIM, koI vicAra nahIM, koI bhAva nhiiN| tuma basa ho| aura yaha eka khAlisa AnaMda hai| ozo rajanIza dhyAna yoga prathama aura aMtima mukti' pRSTha 2 7.citta kA vividha vikalpoM se rahita hokara eka vikalpa para sthira ho jAnA aura anta meM nirvikalpa ho jAnA hI dhyAna hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jI jaina, zAjApura 8.dhyAna antaryAtrA kA vaha sopAna hai jo sAdhaka ko Antarika pahacAna karAtA hai| dhyAna ke dvArA hI sAdhaka apane mana ko vaza meM kara rAgAdi se mukta hokara nirvighna rUpa se samabhAva meM lIna ho jAtA hai| ise Atmamandira meM praveza kA dvAra kahA jA sakatA hai| DaoN. narendrasiMha adhyakSa, hindI vibhAga, rAjakIya mahAvidyAlaya, byAvara (rAja.)

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sAdhvI DaoN. uditaprabhA 'uSA' kA saMkSipta paricaya janma : kArtika sudI cavadasa vi. saM. 2017 (2-11-1960) janma sthAna kalakattA mAtA : sau. zrImatI rukamAbAI sA baida pitA. : sva. zrImAn bAlacanda jI baida (Deha) cainnaI zaikSaNi, adhyayana : ema. e., pIeca.DI., sAhitya ratna, siddhAntAcArya-I saMskRta sAhitya vizArada adhyAtma adhyayana : Agama, thokar3e, darzana, nyAya, vyAkaraNa vairAgya dhArmika saMskAra dIkSA sthAna : Deha (nAgaura) rAjasthAna dIkSA guru : upa. pra. svAmI jI zrI brajalAla jI ma. sA. pU. yuvAcArya zrI mizrImalajI ma. sA. 'madhukara' guruvaryA : mahAyogezvarI mahAsatI zrI umarAvakuMvara jI ma. sA. 'arcanA' vihAra kSetra rAjasthAna, madhyapradeza, gujarAta, saurASTra zodha viSaya : jaina dharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama sAhitya sRjana sad zikSA ke phUloM se ladI DAliyA~; ulajhatA jIvana, sulajhate prazna antahIna Aloka; sarovara ke sAraMga kucha isa pAra kucha usa pAra; riztoM kI kaMdIla; praznoM ke rekhAcitra uttara ke raMga; kahAvatoM para kahAniyA~ bhAga-I www.jainelibre Jorg