Prachin Bharat Varsh Bhag 05

Author(s): Tribhuvandas Laherchand Shah
Publisher: Jain Shwetambar Conference
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034581/1

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tA majisamo via varaM dujaNasuaNehiMdohiM viNa kajjam / jaha divo tavai khalo tahe a suaNo aisanto // nRpati hAla gAthA saptazatI-3/47 madhyama sAce mAnavI, sajajana-durjana nA cahuM, durjana dekhe dAjhavuM, sajajana nA dIThe jaLuM. viviktavarNAbharaNA sukhazrutiH, prasAdayantI hRdayAnyapi viSAm / pravartate nAkRtapuNyakamaNAM, prasannagambhIrapadA sarasvatI // kirAtArjunIya-14/3 25Na akSarethI alaMkRta, karNapriya, varIonAM hRdayane paNa AnaMda bakSanArI ane prasannagaMbhIrapada yukta sarasvatI puyahInene prApta nathI thatI. % 3D -

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1 mudrAlekha 2 viSaca saMkalanA * citra 4 nAmAjillAna mudraNa nivedana 5 da anyanI cAi viSaya melanA 4 che TUMkAkSarI samaja 38 TUMkAramAM sUcavAyata pusta - nAmanA saMpUrNa sUcana sAthe 10 prastAvanA 11 prakAzakonuM nivedana 12 citra paricaya 13 upayeAsamAM levAyala granthA granthanA khaMDa, pariccheda tathA vizvacAnI sUci Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat ... 0005 **** pRSTha 1 nA 8 8 7 : i + " ra www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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gAyA geITa pa } I. sa. pU. 900 thI i. sa. 100 sudhInA eka hajAra varSanA prAcIna bhArata varSa cAra vibhAgamAM cALela paNa pAMca vibhAgamAM pragaTa thayela bhAga pAMcamo ati prAcIna zilAlekhA-sikkA ane pramANabhUMta ItihAsanettAonA AdhAra ApI aitihAsika hRSTie lakhela taddana navIna hakIkta sAthe lekhaka : tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMda zAhu ela. ema. enDa esa. [A pustaka paratve sarva prakAranA hai prakArAkAe peAtAne svAdhIna rAkhyA che. vAdA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat prakAzaka : zazikAnta enDa kuM. rAvapurA TAvara sAme vAdA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prathama AvRtti prata 1250 chUTaka kiMmata prathama bhAga rUA. 7 dvitIya bhAga rUA. chA tRtIya bhAga rUA. phrA caturtha bhAga aa. Y paMcama bhAga rUA. khu kSa za. 3jI ma. sa. 2467 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat vikrama saMvata 1990 i. sa. 1241 AkhA seTanA rU. 23 mudrasthAna : Aditya mudraNAlaya * rAyakhaDa * amadAvAda mudraka : maNilAla pu. mistrI, bI. e. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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............................................................................................................... SOUT ............................................................................................................. ***** paMcama vibhAga khaMDa agiyAramA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat .................................................................................................................. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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woo jepueuquebejeun www jens eewn jepueuque 9 Wemseweupns aus TUMkAkSarI samaja a. adhyAya . pRSTha A. A AkRti pra. praka. prakaraNa I. ityAdi prastA. prastAvanA I. sa. IsavIsana pro. prophesara che, I. pU. isavIsananI pUrve bhA. bhAga, bhASAMtara upe. ughAta ma. saM. mahAvIra saMvata khe, khaMDa mi. misTara gu. va. so. gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITI vi. vigere amadAvAda vi. saM. vikramasaMvatsara . TI. TIkA athavA TippaNa sa. saMvata-saMvatsara A. D. IsavIsana naM. naMbara B. C. IsavIsana pUrve pari. pariccheda, pariziSTa E. N. (phUTaneTa) TIkA 5. paMDita Intro. (inTroDakakSana) prastAvanA pArA., P. (paIja) pRSTha - pu. pustaka Prof. (prophesara)-adhyApaka 5. prAcIna bhArata varSanA sUcavela bhAga Vol. (vaeNlyuma) pustaka, bhAga pAripArAgrApha, pArigrApha je je pustakonA AdhAre TAMkyA che temanA TUMkAkSaronI naidha pu. 1 thI 4 sudhImAM je aneka pustake nihALavA paDayA che temanI yAdI tyAM Apela che. A pAMcamA vibhAgamAM je viSayonuM nirUpaNa karatAM pu. 1 thI 4 sudhImAMnA havAlo Apavo paDayA che, tyAM te asala pustakenAM nAmeAne nirdeza na karatAM, prAcIna bhAratavarSa pu. 1, 2, 3, 4 jue evA TUMkA IsArAja karyA che; kemake asala nAma jaNavavAthI nAhaka pustakonI nAmAvaLI mATI thaI jAya temaja je carcA, dalIla ke samajUtI ame amArA taraphathI pu. 1, 2, 3, 4mAM raju karIne nirNaya bAMgyA heya, tenI sahAya levAnI nirarthakatA ubhI thaI jAya. A be kAraNuthI atre raju karelI nAmAvaLI kadAca daMkI paNa dekhAze. TUMkAkSaramAM sUcavAyela pustake a. hi. I. te ahIM hIsTarI opha IniA I. hika che InDiyana hIsTarIkala kavArTalAM : I. E. H. I. J -vInsenTa smIya H. 9. I. enTAnTa IrAjha (sara karnaMgahAma) . sa. . I. AkalejIkala sarve Ina vesTarna inDiyA I. enzanTa IMDiyA (Do. tribhuvanadAsa le. zAha) Asa. sa. I. , , , sadharna " e. I. epIAphrikA inDikA e. ke. I.enzanTa keInsa oNpha inDiyA kanIMgahAma e. hi che. okasapharDa hIsTarI opha InDiyA - I. ke. I.pu. IskrIpzansa kArapereTama InDika huDjha 0. H. I I ka, su. ) I. e. | InDiyana enTIrI ke. su. su. 'kalpasUtranI sukhabAdhikATIkAnuM bhASAMtara I. A. At enTIkavarI

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ke hi. I. | kacchIja hIsTarI eka je. I. sa. 7 dhI sTaDIjhaIne jainIjhama ane C. H. I. J inDiyA je. saM. I. sadharna inDiyA (aa. rAva) ke. zA. hi. I. ) kembrIja zArTa, hIsTarI jai. sA. saMzo.' rana sAhitya saMzodhaka : K. S. H. I. J opha InDiyA prA. bhA. prAcIna bhAsta varSake. A. re. keInsa oNpha dhI AMdha prAcIna bhA. Do. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAha kata C. A. R. I DIsTI (pro. resana) bha. bA. vR. bhA. bharatezvara bAhubalI vRttike- A. re. pra. ,, prastAvanA bhASAMtara ko. I. e. ) keInsa opha ejanTa bhA. prA. rA. | bhAratano prAcIna rAjavaMzake. e. iM. che InDiyA (sara kanIMgahAma) bhA. prA. rAjavaMza I ( vizvararAya rAu). I. koleja opha InDiyA - bhA. 5. li. bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA (mIsIsa Dapha) (ga. hI. ojhA) ja. A. hi. jI. so. 1 dhI jarnala opha dhI AMdha bhA. saM. I. bhAratane saMkSipta ItihAsa J. A. H. R. S. | hIsTarIkala rIsarca sosAITI (pre. bAlakRSNa) ja. o. bI. pI. sI. ) dhI jarnala opha dhI orisAJ. 9. B. R. S. J bihAra rIsarca saMsAITI bhAM. a. azakacaritra (De. bhAMDArakara) ja. . . ra. e. so. 1 dhI jarnala opha dhI be mi. sA. iti. mairya sAmrAjyaka itihAsa J. B. B. R. A. S. U benca epha dhI royala (AcArya vidyAbhUSaNalakAra) - eziyATika sAITI re. ve. va. ii rekarDajha oNpha dhI vesTarna varlDa ja. ra. e. sa. beM. ) dhI jarnala opha dhI raeNyala R. W. W. (revaraMDa esa. bIla). J. R. A. s. B. ' eziyATika sAITI opha se. mu. i. sekreDa bukasa oNpha dha IsTa beMgAla hA. je. hArTa oNpha jenIjhama ja. mU. bhA. bhaM. jagannAthanI mUrtine bhAratanuM hi. I. I. A. | hisTarI opha dhI inDiyana bhaviSya H. I. E, A, I enDa isTarna AkaTekacara ja. . e. sI. | dhI jarnala opha dhI royala " (jemsa phargyusana) J. R. A. s. f eziyATika sosAITI oNpha hiM, hI, hi. I. 1 dhI hindu hIsTarI opha laMDane H, H, inDiyA (e. ke. majamudAra) nAmanA saMpurNa sUcana sAthe upagamAM levAyela grantho anekAnta (mAsika) aitarIya brAhmaNa granya abhidhAna ciMtAmaNi (zrI hemacandrAcArya) kathA sarita sAgara (madeva) amarakeza kalyANa (hiMdI-mAsika) ayodhyA tIrtha (5. chArAma zarmA) khareNI iskrIpzansa (sTAIna kenAu) arthazAstra (cANakaya) gAthA saptazatI azokanA zilAlekhe upara daSTipAta (IndravijayasUri) gujarAtI (sAptAhika patra) InDiyana karacara (mAsika-kalakattA) caturveizatI prabaMdha uvAsaga dazA cAmuMDarAya purANa enasIjha opha dhI bhAMDArakara insTITayuTa jaina jAti (sAptAhika) ejanTa bogrAphI epha inDiyA jaina dharma prakAza (mAsika) enzanTa hIsTarI opha dhI Dekkana (jI. je. vIla) jaina satya prakAra (mAsika) Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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jena yuga (mAsika) jena (sAptAhika) jena siddhAMta bhAskara (raimAsika) jenA enTIkarI jena kAlagaNunA (muni kalyANavijayajI) jenIjhama ( nepa) joDaNIkoza (gujarAta vidyApITha) DAIneTIjha oNpha dhI kalI eja (pAchaTara) tIrthamALA trizaSThi zalAkA puruSa caritra (zrI hemacandrAcArya) divyAvadAna dIpavaMza : niramAvalI pariziSTa parva (zrI hemacandrAcArya) paMca sihAMtikA purANa brahmAMDa buddhiprakAza (ga. va. se.) hisTIka iDiyA (rIsa DevIsa) bahata kathA (guNaya) bRhatsaMhitA bhAgavata bhArata sUpa (janarala kaniMgahAma), bhIlsA (sAMcI) sUpa (janarala kaniMgahAma) mathurA enDa Isa enTIkavITIjha mathurAne siMhadhvaja (indravijayasUri) mahAkSatrapa rAjA rudradAma ( , ) mahAvIra caritra (zrI hemacandrAcArya) mahAbhArata mahAvaMza mAlavikAgnimitra mudrAkSasa rAjataraMgiNI rUlarsa opha iyiA sIrIjha-azoka lokavibhAga samaMta prasAdikA saMskRta-aMgrejI zabdaza (. viliyamsa) siMhAlIjha kronIkalsa sudarzana vibhAsa (cInAI kanyane anuvAda) sUtrakRtAMga svama vAsavadattA harSa caritra harTa opha jenIjhama (je. sTIvansana) masya mAkaDeya yuga vAyu viSNu prabaMdha ciMtAmaNi (merUtuMgasUri) prabhAvaka caritra prajJApanA sUtra prAcIna bhAratavarSanuM siMhAvalokana (indravijayasUri) Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prazasti e pustaka bahAra paDavAnA aMtaragALe je prazno-TIkA-carco upasthita thaI hAya che temAMthI mukhyanA khulAsA ApavAnA rIvAja atyArasudhI rAkhyA che. paraMtu pustakane te eka svataMtra vibhAge ja A sarva praznonuM digdarzana kareluM heAvAthI, A pustake uparanA niyamanA bhaMga thayela dekhAze. prastAvanA have A pAMcamA bhAganA deha vize be zabdo kahIzuM. amArI ema mAnyatA che ke, AMdhravaMzanA itihAsa meLavavA hajI sudhI eIe teTalA prayatna karAyeA ja nathI eTale svAbhAvika che ke, te vaMzanI svataMtra hakIkata A pustakamAM raju karAyalI che te pramANamAM adyapi kayAMya pragaTa thayelI najare paDaze nahIM. A abhiprAya vyakta karI ame garva dhAraNa karavA mAMgatA nathI paNa vidvAnAnuM dhyAna kheMcavA mAgIe chIe ke, uttaraviMdanA itihAsanA adhAra ukelavAmAM atyAra sudhI jema parizrama teoe uThAvce che, tema have pachI dakSiNahiMdanA itihAsanA ukelamAM paNu temanA parizramane pravAha-dhAdha vALatA rahe; pariNAme sakaLa bhAratadezanA itihAsa jANavAnuM bhAratamALakAne sadbhAgya prApta thAya. AMdhraprajAnA itihAsa mATe AkhA ce agiyAramA khaMDa svataMtrapaNe zo che. tenA cauda pariccheda pADyA che. prathamanA cAra paricchedamAM temanAM, jAti, kuLa, utpatti, vaMza, samaya, saMkhyA, nAmAvaLI, anukrama, upanAmeA-birUddo i. i.nI prAthamika samajUti ApavAmAM AvI che. te pachInA emAM-pAMcamA ane chaThThAmAM-je je zilAlekhA AMdhrapatie pAte kAtarAvyA che athavA kAI ne kAI rIte temanI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA lAgyA che te te sarve saMkSiptamAM utArIne, jarUra lAge teTalI temanI samajUti ApI che. te pachInA ATha paricchedyamAM -sAtathI cauda sudhImAM-trIse AMdhrapationAM jIvanavRttAMta jeTalAM zeAdhI zakAyAM teTalAM varNavyAM che. ane sauthI chevaTe, prazastimAM upara jaNAvyA pramANe "prAcIna bhAratavarSanuM" prakAzana thavA mAMDayuM tyArathI, je kAI carcA-TIkA ke prazno ( rUmamAM, vRttapatrAmAM athavA te prakAzana rUpe) upasthita thayA amane jaNAyA, te sarvemAMthI mukhya ane mahattvanA hatA tenA khulAsA joDavAmAM AvyA che. dhArUM chuM ke tethI te te praznakAranA mananuM samAdhAna thaI jaze, ra

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prathamanA cAra pustakamAM navIna hakIkata te bharelI hatI ja, paraMtu A pAMcamAmAM to tethIye vizeSa navIna che. eTale TUMkAmAM TUMke ullekha karavA jatAM paNa, prastAvanA kada vadhI javAnI bIka rahe che, jethI sAre raste e che ke, code paricchedanA AraMbhamAM utArela saMkSipta sAra vAMcI javA vinaMti che. mAtra khAsa khAsa be traNa bAbate upara lakSa doravuM rahe che tene ja khyAla atra ApIzuM. (1) AMdhruvaMzanA sthApaka zrImukhane samaya, mAtapatA ane kuLane lagatI hakIkata tadana Azcaryamugdha kare tevI lAgaze. (2) zakasaMvatanI sthApanA I. sa. 78mAM zAlivAhana rAjAnA haste karavAnI manAI che te maMtavyamAM paNa ghaNI rIte sudhAro karavA gya jaNAze. (3) maitraka, zaikUTaka ane cAlukyavaMzanI utpattinuM joDANa guptavaMza sAthe hevAnuM puravAra karI batAvyuM che jethI te sarvanA samaya vize paNa navIna ja prakAza paDate jaNAze. (4) prAcIna samaye rAjAo vaccenAM yuddhone rAjadvArI daSTie je jovAnuM rahyuM che temAM paNa pheraphAra karIne kevaLa dhArmika draSTithI nihALavAnuM batAvAyuM che. eTale paNa bhAratIya ItihAsanuM kalevara badalAI jatuM dekhAze. (5) te ja pramANe (sudarzana taLAva ane hAthIguphA AdinA) zilAlekho, (samrATa priyadarzinanA) khaDaka lekho ane (AMdhrapationA) dAnapatro paNa dhAmika geravatA jAhera karatA batAvAyA che; eTale rAjyanuM temaja prajAnuM mAnasa rAjyabha ane dravyalobhane badale AtmIya bhAvanAthI poSAyaluM tathA te ja mArga vahetuM jatuM dekhAze. AvA AvA prakAranA navIna ta pragaTa thatAM jaNAyAM che, je sarvene navIna daSTikaNathI abhyAsa karavAnI khAsa AvazyakatA have ubhI thatI jaNAya che. eTale ja pu. 4nI prastAvanAmAM je zabdo meM uccAryA che te pharIne jaNAvavAnI rajA lauM chuM ke "bhUtakALanA vidvAne bhUla khAya ja nahIM, teo je vade che athavA vadhA che te sarvadA jaDabesalAka ja rahevuM joIe I. I. prakAranuM mAnasa have palaTa mAMge che." ATalI vinaMti karI A prastAvane samApta karuM chuM. vaDodarA, rAvapurA, vasaMtapaMcamI vikramArka 1997 vivopAsaka tribhuvanadAsa la. zAha Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prakAzakonuM nivedana dareka vakhatanI peThe savAvarSane badale A vakhate aDhI varSa pustaka bahAra paDe che. tenuM kAraNa amArI ALasa nathI, paraMtu vacce aMgrejI zreNinA traNa pustaka prakaTa karavAM paDayAM hatAM. gujarAtI zreNinuM A pustaka aNadhAryuM nIvaDayuM che. tethI te seMdhAyelA grAhakene mAtra baMdhAmaNI kharca laIne bheTa tarIke ApyuM che. atra gujarAtI zreNI saMpUrNa thAya che. eTale agAuthI thanAra grAhakane je sagavaDatA apAtI hatI te have pAchI kheMcI levAmAM Ave che. jethI pAMce pustakanI chUTaka kiMmata rU. 30) che te Akho seTa kharIdanArane 20% kamizanathI eTale rUA. 24)mAM apAze. chatAM kacacATa na utpanna thAya mATe AvatA cha mAsa sudhI-eTale tA. 1-7-41 sudhIAkho saTa kharIdanArane rUA. 22AmAM ApavAnuM cAlu rAkhIzuM. laDAIne aMge jema aneka cIjonA bhAva vadhI gayA che tema prakAzana aMge paNa sthiti thaI gaI che. amAre keTaleka bejo upADo paDayo che paraMtu vidyApracAranA mULa AzayanI sarakhAmaNImAM tene a5 gaNIe chIe. pitAnA dezanA uddhAra mATe tene khare ItihAsa jANavAnI atI upayogitA te sarva keAI svIkAre che ja. paraMtu moTe bhAga ema mAne che ke, ati prAcIna itihAsanA jJAna karatAM, tAtkAlika pUrvanA ke bahuta baso cAraso varSa pUrvanAnI khAsa jarUra gaNAya; eTalA mATe ke banne samayanI tulanA karI, temAMthI agatyano sAra tAravI zakAya. jyAre DAka bhAganuM-jemAM ame paNa saMmata chIe--evuM mAnavuM che ke, najIkanA karatAM vizeSa prAcIna samayane ItihAsa jANavAthI ja phAyado laI zakAya; kemake jema sarakhAmaNIne samaya najIka, tema banne vaccenA muddAo ati sUkSama rahe, eTale jema tAravaNI karavAmAM muzkelI tema tene upAya zodhavAmAM paNa kaThiNatA; ane vizeSa upayogI tatva je phaLapariNAma, tenI te saMbhAvanA paNa ochI ja. A sarva vidmanAM nivAraNa mATe, sarakhAmaNI karavA dhArela be samayanA itihAsa mATe vizeSa aMtara javuM rahe. jema aMtara vizeSa tema pariNAma vadhAre phaLadAyI nivaDavA vakkI rahe. eTale ja je prAcInatama samayane pramANabhUta itihAsa meLavI zakAya tema che tene ame pasaMda karyo che. - ApaNu dezanA khAsa abhyAsIo te, bIjA viSayanA pramANamAM Ame ochA che ja. temAMye je samaya ame hAtha dharyo che te mATenA te ghaNAe ochA ja. A kAraNathI bahAranA vidvAnanA caraNe amAruM maMtavya dharavA, vizeSa-prabaLa IcchA thaI AvelI. te mATe utAvaLa karI aMgrejI zreNinuM kAma hAtha dharyuM. devage laDAI phATI nIkaLI ane amArA te prakAranA pracAra kAryamAM vidhra ubhAM thayAM; kemake sarakAre paradeza jatAM AvatAM sarva sAdhane upara aMkuza mUkI dIdhAM che. eTale hAla te te kAma tyAMthI ja aTakayuM che. paraMtu himata che ke, te bAjune mArga ughADo thatAM ja, aTakI paDeluM kArya AgaLa dhapAvIzuM ane paramAtmAnI kRpA haze te manadhAryuM pariNAma meLavIzuM. vizeSa kAMI kahevApaNuM rahetuM nathI. je je graMthane, sAdhanane I. I.ne kiMcita yA moTA pramANamAM A prakAzana para upayoga karA hoya te sarvane e AbhAra mAnIe chIe. eja vinaMti - sevako vaDodarA : rAvapurA zazikAnta enDa ku. nA 17: vasaMta paMcamI yathAghaTita Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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citra paricaya nAcanA varNanamAM prathama aMka citranI saMkhyA sUcaka che, bIje AMka te citrane lagate adhikAra kayA pAne A pustakamAM utAryo che te batAvavA pUrato che; sarva citrone saMkhyAnA anukrama pramANe goThavyAM che. tethI kayuM citra kayA pAne che te sahelAIthI zodhI kaDhAya tema che. keI citra tenI koI viziSTatAne aMge ADuM avaLuM mUkavuM paDayuM hoya ke eka karatAM vizeSavAra raju pharavuM paDayuM hoya te te hakIkata tene paricaya ApatAM jaNAvyuM che. AgaLanI peThe A pustakamAM paNa citrane traNa vargamAM goThavavAmAM AvyAM che. (1) sAmAnya citra (2) paricchedanAM mathALAMnAM zubhaci (3) ane rAjya vistAra batAvatA tathA anya aupadezika nakazAo. prathamavarga 19, dvitIye 14 ane tRtIye 8 maLI kula 41 citro raju karyA che. prathama ApaNe sAmAnya citronuM varNana karIzuM. () sAmAnya citro kavara kalpavRkSa athavA kapamAM citra che. tene paricaya pu. 2, pR. 28 mAM apAI gayo che. te joI levA vinaMti che. 2 309 sAMcI ratUpanA ghumaTanuM dazya che. tene keTalAka paricaya pu. 2 mAM pR. 29 ane AgaLa upara Apela te vAMcI levA sAthe A pustake pR. 309, 314, 317, 329 tathA 337-38 apAyela varNana jeDIne vAMcavA vinaMti che. samagra vAMcanathI pAkI khAtrI thaze ke sAMcItUpa atyAra sudhI manAI rahyuM che tema bauddhadharmanuM smAraka nathI ja. paraMtu te jaina dharmanA aMtima tIrtha kara zrI mahAvIranA dehane agnidAhadIdho te upara caNAyeluM samAdhisthAna che. 3304 rAjA khAle ketarAvela hAthIguMphAnA pravezadvAre ubhA karAvela hAthInuM 345-6 citra che. tene paricaya pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 36 mAM apAya che tathA vizeSa adhikAra A pustaka Ape che. khAtrI thAze ke lekha khAravela rAjyanA samayane che jyAre pravezadvArane hAthI samrATu priyadarzinanA samayane che. A uparathI vizeSa purA e maLI rahe che ke khAravela pite priyadazinane purogAmI che, nahIM ke jema manAI rahyuM che tema

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AkRti varNana naMbera pRSTha. pAzcAdUgAmI, vaLI priyadarzina samrATanuM oLakha ciha-mahera chama hastAkSaranI maheranuM cinha hAthI hatuM te paNa sAbita thaI jAya che. 6-7 308-9 amarAvatI stUpanA pradezamAMthI khodatAM maLI AvelI be mUrti che. prathama najare jotAM ja te mUtio jainadharmanA 23mA tIrthaMkara zrI pArzvanAthanI hevAnI khAtrI thAya che. eTale A amarAvatI stupa pote paNa jainadharmanuM smAraka hovAnuM puravAra thAya che. keTalAka paricaya pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 38-39 mAM Ave che te vAMcI javA vinaMti che. 8-9 337-8 AkRti naM. 6-7 nI peThe A be caraNapAdukAo paNa amarAvatI stUpanA dANamAMthI maLI Avela che. tene lagatuM varNana pu. 4 AkRti naM. 2, 3 tathA 40-41 mAM apAyuM che. vaLI vizeSa adhikAra A pustake pR. 307-8 upara lakhAyo che eTale anya kAMI lakhavAnI AvazyatA rahetI nathI. 10 306 rAjA khAravele bennAtaTanagare baMdhAvela mahAvijaya prAsAda-amarAvatI thI stUpanuM A citra che. sarva adhikAra pu. 4 mAM AkRti na. 37 nIce pR. AgaLa 316 thI AgaLanAM pRSTha apAI gayo che. vizeSa lakhavA jevuM rahetuM nathI chatAM je gya lAgyuM te A pustake pR. 306 thI AgaLamAM ApavAmAM AvyuM che. vaLI A pradeza upara AMdhra pationuM kevuM prabhutva hatuM tene khyAla A pustake pR. 72 thI 74, 169 thI 174 ane 'pR. 225-26 sudhI paNa chUTochavAye apAye che. 11 307 jagannAthapurInA maMdiramAM sthApita thayela trimUrtinuM citra che. AvuM eka bIjuM citra sAMcI stUpavALI jagyAmAMthI maLI AvyuM che. eTale sAbita thAya che ke, A banne-jagannAthapurI ane sAMcInA sthAne eka ja dharmanAM pratIka rUpe che. varNana pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 42 taLe ane je kAMI bAkI ApavA gya hatuM A pustake pR. 307-mAM ApavAmAM Avela che. 12 307 triratna tarIke oLakhAvAtAM cinha rUpe che. pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 43 mAM tenuM varNana apAI gayuM che. pharIne vAMcI javA vinaMti che. 13) pu. 2mAM mauryavaMzIya samrATa azokavardhana tathA priyadarzinanAM herAM che. te ane 14) AkRti vyaktio ItihAsanA abhyAsakone eTalI badhI paricita che ke, te naM. 20 vize lakhavAnI kAMIpaNa jarUriAta ja lekhI na zakAya. mAtra mane je tathA 27 bhinnatA mAlUma paDI che tene khyAla ja Apa rahe che. te mATe pu. 2mAM temanAM jIvana caritra najara taLe kADhI nAMkhavA bhalAmaNa karavI rahe che, 15 pu. 1mAM mathurA, sAMcI ane bhArahUta stUpanAM taraNanAM da che, tathA mathurAmAMthI 16) AkRti maLI Avela pUjA karavA mATene eka patra che, te sarvanuM varNana 5, 1mAM " Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #14
sy . ra ra , AkRti varNana naMbera pRSTha 1Ne naM. 31 pR. 196 nIce tathA tenA citra paricaya varNanamAM apAyuM che. vizeSa 18) 32, 33 paricaya A pustaka AkRti naM. 2, tathA atre darzAvela pR. 313-15 tathA 34 ane te uparAMta nIcenI AkRti naM. 19nuM varNana vAMcIne sarakhAvI jovAthI maLI raheze; A sarva smArakone bauddhadharma sAthe saMbaMdha che ke jainadharma sAthe saMbaMdha che te svayaM siddha thaI jAya che. A traNe bhinnabhinna sthaLe AvelAM siMhasta che. sarakhAmaNI karI zakAya mATe atre raju karavAmAM AvyA che. te sarvane mukhyapaNe paricaya te temane lagatAM atihAsika varNane jyAM Ave che tyAM karAve che, jemake naM. 1lvALA mathurA siMhastaMbhane pu. 3mAM AkRti naM. 2 tathA 26mAM; na. 20vALA sAranAthastaMbhane pu. 2mAM AkRti na. 35 taLe temaja pu. 1 AkRti naM. 17mAM; ane naM. 27vALA sAMcItaMbhane pu. 1 AkRti naM. 26 nIce paricaya apAyela che, tethI atra te utAravAnI jarUriyAta rahetI nathI. mAtra upara varNavAyalI sarva AkRtione samagra rIte paricaya sAdhI zakAya te mATe temane ane ekatrIta karIne raju karAI che. (ka) zobhana citranI samaja ekAdazama khaMDa prathama paricheda -kRNA ane godAvarI nadIonA vaccenA pradezanA Arya rAjA, tyAMnA anAryo sAthe, lagnagraMthIthI joDAI saMbaMdhI bane che. Ama virUddha prajAo eka thaI pragati sAdhe che. rAjA khAravela zrImukhane mArI haThAvI dakSiNamAM kADhI muke che. dvitIya pariccheda - rAjayanI hAthaNI mahAnaMdane rAjyane cagya puruSagaNI tenA upara kaLaza DhoLe che, jo ke te naMdane zadraputra hatA. A bAbata vidvAnamAM bhAre vivAda ane uhApoha macAve che. tRtIya paricheda -prajA rAjyagAdI badalAvAthI sthaLAMtara kare che, garIba ke tavaMgara sarve pitapotAne nAne moTe khaTale laI eka gAma cheDI bIje gAma pahoMcI . jAya che. nAga prajA ane rAjAno dabadabe te vakhate bhAre hate. caturtha pariccheda -atyAre bhale khaMDera che paraMtu prAcInakALe amarAvatI killAthI rakSAelI eka suMdara nagarI hatI. priyadazina, zAtakaraNine tenA lazkara sAthe nasADI mUke che. agnimitra pataMjalinI madada Icche che ke pataMjali agnimitra pAse yajJa karAve che. paMcama parida-rAjA zilAlekhe ketarAvI ItihAsane amaratva Ape che. ne bhUta ane bhaviSyanI kaMIka avanavI svamasRSTimAM rAcate ubhe che. dUra cAlyA jatA musAphare A vahetA ItihAsanA pratika thatA Adadhya thAya che, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #15
15 SaSama pariccheda -rANa paNa ItihAsanA amarapATa samA zilAlekhe kotarAve che. prAcIna bhAratavarSa baLa, zIla, vaibhavane vidyAkaLAthI guMjate hate. samama paricheda -rANI nAganikA lagnagraMthIthI joDAya che. rAjakumAra sagIra uMmarane hovAthI rANI rAjyakArobAra jAte saMbhALe che. pitAne nahi, paNa naMdanA kumArane gAdI maLI tethI zrImukha dakSiNa tarapha pitAnA baLa sAthe cAlyA jAya che ne tyAM rAjyasattA sthApe che. aSTama paricacheda -bilADInA mukha jevA AkArano AgaLa hato. akasamAte paDI javAthI rAjakumAra stanapAna karatAM ja ghavAya che ne tethI tene karUNa aMta Ave che. AthI nirdoSa bilADIonuM AvI bane che. paradeza sAthenA saMbaMdhe te cAluja hatA ne keI kALanA pravAsIoe bhAratanA prANa ane zaktinAM muktakaMThe guNagAna karyA che. kumArI saMghamitrA dharmapracArArthe vahANumAM besI paradeza gaI hatI. navama paricacheda -rAja priyadazine pitAnAM sagAMvahAlAM je sthaLe maraNa pAmelAM, te sthaLanuM smaraNa rAkhavA tyAM nAnA khaDakalekhe ubhA karAvelA. tivalakumAra badamAzonA kAvatrAne bhega banI mAryo jAya che. rAjA zAtakaraNi pataMjali mahAzayane mAna ApI mitra banAvI mahaMdusthAne sthApe che. dazama pariracheda -rAjA agnimitra ane mAlavikAnAM lagna, ItihAsanA eka mahatvanA banAvanA smaraNamAM hAI ciraMjIva che. nahapANanA jamAI rUSabhadatta nAzikanAM tIrthasthAne jItI laI tyAM sudhI davaja pharakAve. vikramAdityanA parAkramathI yavanasenA hArI ne deza temanA trAsathI mukta banyA. ekAdazama paricheda-rAjA zAlIvAhana parAkramI hatuM, te paNa tene sAhitya prema eTaleja tIvra hatuM. te laMkA jItI laIne tyAMnI rAjakumArI para hate.zAlIvAhana dharmapremI paNa tevo ja hato. teNe pAlItANAmAM puSkaLa devadevAlaya baMdhAvI dharmadhvaja ropele. dvAdazama pariccheda -itihAsanAM smaraNacinha samI pagalIone nava yuvAna yuvatI aMjali arpe che. ne ugatA kALa tarapha phALe bharate yuvAna cAlI nIkaLe che. trayodazama paricheda --acchanA trAsathI bacAvanAra mahApuruSane janma eka vicakSaNa banAvanuM kAraNa banI jAya che. gaMgAjaLamAM snAna karatI eka suMdara bALA sAthe nAgakumAra mugdha bane che ne kuMvarano janma thAya che. te mahApuruSa dharmane temaja dezano uddhAra karI ItihAsamAM amara thAya che. rAjA hAla, mATInAM ramakaDAMthI sainya racanA karatA ne te ramakaDAM jIvatAM svarUpa dhAraNa karatAM duzmanonAM kALa banI jatAM. caturdazama paricheda --mahArAjyanI paDatI vakhate adhera bhayAnaka hoya che. nAnAM nAnAM rAja utpanna thAya che. baLavA thaI nAnAM svataMtra saMsthAno jAmI jAya che. ne pitApitAnA nAnA nAnA kaTakAomAM saMteSa laIne eka bIjA sAthe samajuti rAkhI svataMtra rAjaya vyavahAra calAve che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #16
ka 1 () nakazAne lagatI samaja 13-15 AkRti naM. 4 tathA 5 janarala kaniMgahAmanA "bhArahUta stUpa" nAmaka pustakamAMthI utAravAmAM AvyA che temAM A.4, bhArahUta ane rUpanAtha je pradezamAM AvyA che te sthaLane nakazo che. gaMgA nadInI zAkhArUpa eka nadInA tIrapradezamAM A banne sthaLe Avela che. bannenI vacce paMdara-vIsa mAIlanuM aMtara saMbhave che. jI. AI. pI. relvenA jabalapura ane satanA sTezana vacce temanAM sthAne che. rUpanAthanA sthaLe samrATa priyadarzine zilAlekha ubhe karAvI pitAnI mahera chApa samAna hati ketarAvela che. tyAM jainenA bAramA tIrthaMkara zrI vAsupUjyanuM nirvANa thayela che, tathA tenI ane jabalapuranI vaccenA A pradezamAM prAcIna samayanA aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarInuM sthAna Avela che jenA khaMDiyara adyapi bhUgarbhamAM daTAyelAM paDI rahyA che. A sarva hakIkata pu. ramAM priyadazinanA vRttAMte jaNAvela che. vizeSa je kAMI che te A pustake caMpAne lagatuM varNana pR. 319 thI 25 temaja pu. 1 pR. 76 thI 78 sudhImAM apAyuM che te vAMcI mAhitagAra thavA vinaMti che. bhArahUta vize nIce AkRti naM. naM. 5mAM juo. 314 bhArahUtane lagate paricaya pu. 1-2mAM jyAM te stUpanuM varNana lakhAyuM che tyAM apAI gayela che temaja A pustake pR. 213 thI 15 tathA 32-28 sudhImAM paNa apAyela che. A sthAne jenenA 24mA tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIrane jJAnaprApti thaI hevAthI te dharmanA custa anuyAyI be rAjavI-kezalapati prasenajIte ane magadhapati ajAtazatrue-pitAnI bhakti darzAvatAM aneka de chetarAvyAM che, 69 govaradhanasamayane lagate nakaze che, jyAM kSaharATa nahapANanA samayanA tathA AMdhrapatioe ubhA karAvelA nAsika, nAnAghATa junera, kaherI kArle I. InAM zilAle tathA trirazima ane rakSa-2thAvarta nAmanA parvate, temaja paiTha (paiThaNa)-rAjanagara AveluM che, te badhAM sthAne vyakta karate A nakazo pusatakanA aMtarvaNaneja apAyo che. te te sthAnanA varNana sAthe paricaya meLavI le, mukhyatayA paMcama ane SaSama paricchede lekhane paricaya karI levAthI samajUti maLI raheze. 5 2 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #17
AkRti nakaze varNana ne. . pRSTha 22 4 149 23 5 161 24 6 188 magadhapati naMda bIjAnI dvANa peTe janmela 4 . putra-zrImukhane samAjapravRtta viSama sthitine lIdhe rAhaka paDato mUkI, dakSiNa hiMda-mozALa tarapha cAlI nIkaLavAnuM thatAM, AraMbhe kevaLa nAnA vistAra uparaja adhikAra jamAvI saMtoSa le paDa hatuM te darzAve che. ane te pachI ravabaLe mArga mokaLo karato tathA pitAnuM sAmrAjya sthApate mAlUma paDe che, uttara hiMdamAM magadha samrATa biMdusAra rAjya paM. cANakyanA maraNa bAda avicArI rAjanItine lIdhe phATI nIkaLelA baLavAne pariNAme naM. 4 AMdhrapati makSikazrI vasatazrI zAtakaraNie AMdhra sAmrAjyane vistAra dakSiNe hiMdamAM keTalo vadhArI mUkyo hato tene khyAla Ape che; tathA biMdusAra pachI gAdIe AvanAra azakavardhanane gRhakaleza aMge, temaja rAjyanI viSama paristhitine aMge, vArasAmAM maLela saMkucita rAjyahadane sAcavI rAkhavAmAMja jIvana vyatIta karavuM paDayuM hatuM te sAbita thAya che. samrATa priyadazinanA samaye magadha sAmrAjya sarvoparI utkRSThasthAne pahoMcyuM (juo pu. 3mAM tene nakaze) hovA chatAM, tenA vArasadAre dharmajhanunI temaja tuMDamIjAjI rAjanIti grahaNa karavAthI kevI rIte sAmrAjya ekadama bhAMgI paDayuM hatuM; tathA tenI pAchaLa rAjalagAma saMbhALanAra zuMgavaMzI rAja amala ke hAlakaDolaka sthitimAM pasAra thaye jato hato tene accha. khyAla ApavA sAthe, dakSiNa hiMdamAM paNa majabUta hAthe kAma laI zake tevA be traNa nRpatio thayA hovA chatAM, temane svagRha sAcavI rAkhavA jevI nItija akhatyAra karI saMtoSa le paDyo hato te darzAve che. zuMgavaMzI amalanA aMte rAtrI divasa ujAgarAmAM divase pasAra karI, kSaharATa nahapANanA rAjaamalamAM kAMIka "hA-A-za" bhogavI rahela tathA nirAMte dhaMdhapApa khelI rahela prajAmAM, pAche zaka prajAne amala AvatAM, hatheLImAM jIva laIne saghaLo samaya je pasAra karavuM paDatuM hatuM temAMthI zakAri vikramAditya-gardabhIle, naM. 17 AMdhrapatinI kumaka laI sArAye uttara hiMdamAM zAMtinuM sAmrAjya sthApyuM hatuM tathA prajAe te banAvanI khuzAlImAM tenA nAmane saMvatsara calAvI kRtajJatA batAvI jaNapheDana karyuM hatuM, te sthiti uttara hiMdanI jema batAvI Ape che, tema dakSiNa hiMdamAM te, kema jANe Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #18
kRti nakzA varNana naM. pUchyuM 25 26 7 . 234 12 kAMI ja banavA na pAmyuM hoya ane sarvatra zAMti ane zAMtija vyAsa thaI rahelI hAya te pramANe, naM. 7 thI 17 AMdhrapatinA rAjaamalanI sthitinuM darzana thayA kare che. te bAda uttara hiMdamAM gardabhIlavaMzI vikramacaritranA parAkramanA pratApe, TheTha kAzmirasudhI jema rAjyasattA dRDha rI zakAI hatI, tema dakSiNa hiMdamAM paNa tevAja pramaLa pratApI ane vIrazirAmaNI rAjA hAla naM. 18 AMdhrapatinA samaye, peAtAnA AkhAye vaMzanA trIse rAjA karatAM, rAjya vistAra vadhavAnI sAthe siMhaladvIpamAM paNa tenI hAka vAgI rahI hatI te khatAvavAmAM AvyuM che. 13-14 phAInI sthiti sarvadA, uccazikhare TakI rahetIja nathI paricchede ane TakI rahe teA pachI duniyAnuM jIvana nirasa anI jAya. eTale kAMI uMcu nIcuM thavA jevuM kudarata karyAM ja kare che. madhavaMzanA lalATe te niyama anubhavamAM utaravAnuM nirmANa thayuM dekhAya che. prathama teA eka pachI eka evA anukrama, teja ane chAyArUpe, keTalAMka varSa sudhI naM. 19 thI 24nA rAjya daramyAna pravatatA rahe che ane naM. 25 ane 26nA amala khatama thatAM, uttara hiMdanA avaMtipati RNuvaMzIonA DALeA dakSiNa hiMda tarapha utarI paDatA dekhAya che, pariNAme mahArASTrane uttara bhAga khAlI karI temane vizeSa dakSiNatarapha haDI javuM paDayuM hoya ema samajAya che (jIe pu. 4mAM kaniSka bIjAnA nakaze!). ane aMte hiMdabharanA--khalke sArIye duniyAnA savarAjavaMzeAmAM 688 varSa jeTaluM dIgha tama AyuSya lAgavI AMdhravaMzane ItihAsanA paTa uparathI sadAne mATe vilIna thavuM paDyuM che.

Page #19
pUrNAMka anukrama viSaya pUrNAMka viSaya ekAdazama khaMDa paMcama tathA SaSama pachida prathama pachida zatavAhana vaMza (cAlu) 1 thI 45 lekhanA bhAvAryamAM paDatA matatavahana vaMza athavA zAtavaMza bhedanA khulAsA A vaMzane apAyelA sAta nAmanI ne 2 te sarvanA ekatra sArarUpe racelAM be keSTa 126 (1) temAMnA prathama nAma AMdhane lagatI samajUti 2 saptama pariccheda (2) dvitIya nAma aMdha (3) tRtIya zAta ane zata viSenI zatavAhana vaMza (cAlu) (4) caturtha zAtavahana vizenI samaja (1) rAjA zrImukha zAtakaraNinuM jIvana vRttAMta 176 (5) paMcama zAtakaraNi 13 AMdhrarAjyanI sthApanA, kula, jAti tathA (6) SaSTama zAlivAhana vaMza I. nI mAhitI 140 (7) saptama AMdhrabhutya (2) gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi 147 varasatazrI zAtakaraNi 15ra dvitIya paricheda zatahuvana vaMza (cAlu) aSTama pariccheda tenA samayanI carcA tathA nirNaya zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) 22 rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvaLI tathA (3) zrIkRSNa pahele; vAsiddhiputra rAjyakALa viSe (4) vadasatazrI saMkSika zatakaraNiAkhA vaMzanI kepTakAkAre vaMzAvaLI viliyakurasa 158 (5) pUrNIsaMga mADharipatra 163 tRtIya paricacheda navama paricacheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) satavahana vaMza (cAlu) AMdhraprajAnI utpattinuM varNana - 46 (6) zaitamIputra aMdhastaMbha urphe kRSNa bIje 176 judI gAdI ane vaMza sthApavAnAM kAraNe pa3 masjI zilAlekhanAM kAraNa tathA samaya 177 AMdhrabhone lagatA ItihAsa 59 (7) vAsiddhiputra zAtakaraNi-zatavahana sAtamo 182 caturtha paricacheda dazama paricheda zatavAhana vaMza (cAlu) zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) rAjagAdInAM sthAna vizenI hakIkata 68 (8) laMbodara (9) Apilika (10) Avi 194 temanAM nAma, ane dharmavizenI keTalIka (11) medasvAti pahelo 194 samajAti 74 dharmanuM mahatva ane prakhyAlekhana 1 156 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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pRSAMka viSaya pRSAMka viSaya (12) saidAsa urpha saMghAti 199 trayodazama pariccheda (13)meghasvAti bIjo (14) mRgendra (15) zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) svAtikarNa 201 (19) maMtalaka (20) puridrasena (ra1) suMdara (rara). (16) mahendra dIpakarSi gautamIputra 209 cara ane (23) zivasvAti 256 ekAdazama pariccheda zakasaMvata ane zIvAsvAti saMbaMdhe samAlocanA . 258 zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) zakasaMvatanA saMbhavitapaNu vizene khyAla 264 (17) maitamIputra zAtakaraNi; ariSTa karyuM . 213 vastusthiti tyAre zI rIte ghaTADI zakAya? 268 tenA jIvananA rasamaya banAvenuM varNana 215 caturdazama paricheda bhinnabhinna upanAma-birUdanA bhedanI samajUtira18 zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) amarAvatInuM AyuSya tathA paracuraNa bAbate 225 (24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi ane (25) catrapaNa vAsiddhiputra 274 dvAdazama pariccheda gaIbhIla ane zatavahana vaMzanA saMbaMdhanI satavahana vaMza (cAlu) samajUti 279 (18) vAsichiputra zAtakaraNi; pulumAvI pahelo (25) gautamIputra yajJazrI urphe pulumAvI bIje 281 ) zIvathI vAsiddhiputra (28) zivaskaMdha urphe hAla zAlivAhana 232 gautamIputra (29) yajJazrI vAsiddhiputra rAjyavistAra ane navanarasvAmi vize 234 ane (30 thI 32) chellA traNa rAjAo 283 rAjA hAla ane kuMtala vizenI oLakha 237 keTalIka paracuraNa bAbato ane puravaNI 285 rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti 238 . "prAcIna bhAratavarSane aMge uThela carcAnA zakasaMvata ane tenA saMbaMdha vizenI ane praznonA khulAsAo 290 vidhavidha dRSTi 246 samayAvaLI, cAvI, zuM ane kayAM. yU Tue,tathA kadaMbo sAthenI AMdhanI graMthI 25 zuddhi patraka II. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dezanuM 8 2 13 kartA zuddhipatraka AmAM gunA doSane ke joDaNInI azuddhino samAveza karyo nathI. 5. ke. 5. azuddha zuddha 3 2 1 pUrvathI pazcimathI zAtarAjA 23 zAtAjA 13 1 saMvata 1995nA saMvata 1985nA 24 1 5 lastsd lasted 25 2 11 I. sa. pU. 235 I. sa. pU. 237 26 2 33 5. 0 upara A paricachede AgaLa upara vaMza je. vizaje vaMza je vaMdAje gAthAsaptati gAthAsaptazatI saMgrahakartA 416 53 1 15 413 thI 378 415 thI 372 54 1 13. prathamanA pahelAM 57 2 23 pR. 13 TIkA naM. 47 5. 13 TIkA ne. 49 58 1 28 sama samaja I. sa. pU. 37 I. sa. pU. 47 5. 1mAM 11 ApaNe pu. 1mAM ApaNe joI gayA chIe joI gayA chIe TIkA naM. 1 lekha ne. 13 100 2 30 pR. 43 TI. naM. 21 5. para TI. ne. 24 100 1 20 TI. naM. 30 : TI. . 32 to have required to have reigned 106 2 15 gAthAsapatI bRhatkathA 114 1 28 TI. na. 12 TI. na. 19 115 1 7 129-148 129-138 brAhmI sAthe bhASA sAthe 456 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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122 1 15 122 2 7. 122 phUTaneTa (rara). 123 2 chellI 124 2 9 124 2 11 129 8 131 137 14 2 chellI 160 1 2 166 2 28 167 2 27. 167 2 30 185 1 32 208 1 21 211 1 arAddha kaniSTha ApaNu pu. 3 prayamanI cha lAina AkhIne AkhI kADhI nAkhavI. pu. 3 pR. 183 pitAnA 261 + 6 = 270 gAthA saMsatI I. sa. pU. 298 i. sa. pa46 pR. 7, pR. 51-52 381-317 = 54 I. sa. pU. rAjyakALanA 256 . sa. 5. 418 aSTikarNa 44 ane 544 ) ma. saM. jyAM jyAM I kathAsaritsAgara prasiMha 272 nitA siriyAno. lekha naM. 18 415 thI 412 anusAra : aSTamakheDA kaniSTha ApaNuM pu. 4 . . dAmane pitAnI....... sAbita thAya che. (ATalI be lAIna rAkhajo) pR. 2 pR. 183 pitAnA 248 + 8 = 258 gAthA saptasati I. sa. pU. 100 i. sa. pa26 pR. 4, 5. 51-para 371-17 = 54 ma. saM.' umaranA 270 I. sa. pU. 17 arijakarNa I. sa. pU. 83 ane te I. sa. 17 tyAM tyAM I bRhatkathA 237 2 16 241 1 14. 2 29 257 1 12 302 1 28 37 1 21 318 2 19 334 1 27. 5. 2 thI 80 sudhI) bevaDA naMbaranA pUchanA mathALe 213, 15 nA mathALe 233, 35, 37, 19 nA mathALa 226 nirNata sAirinitA lekha naM. 10 tathA 19 17 thI 45 sAra ' ekAdUzamakhaMDa - ekAdaza ekAdazama ekAdazama dhAdAma Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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I T I intinuinni (iiiiiiii III iniiiiiiitiliti NitiiiiiiiiiiIIT ekAdazama khaMDa t trialis fffff iii- 1 i mArA mAtA iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitti Ratililiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

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prathama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza athavA zAtavaMza TUMka sAra--aMdhravaMzI rAjAene je judA judA sAta nAmeAthI itihAsakAroe oLakhAvyA che te nAmAnI zuddhi azuddhi batAvavAnA sevela prayatna-- (1) prathama nAma aMdhra (2) ane khIju nAma AMdhra che, temAM aMdhra zabda pradeza vAcI che chatAM tenI adyApi paryaMta nirdiSTa thayela hada anizcita che tethI, temaja AMdhra zabda prajAsUcaka che tethI, A vaMzane AMdhravaMza kahI zakAya, paraMtu aghra na kahI zakAya; tenI sAkhitI mATe matAvela aneka zilAlekhI ane sikkAi purAvA tathA dalIleA-- (3) zata-eTale 100; A sAlamAM te vaMzanI utpatti thavAthI te rAjAe zAta paNa kahevAtA ema batAvelA zAstrokta tathA aneka vidha purAvA-A 100 ne AMka kacA saMvatanA hAI zake tathA te uparathI temanA dharma upara paDatA prakAza(4) zAta vahana, zatavahana, ane zAtavAhana, zatavAhana--AmAM zata ane zAtanI samajUti, upara naM. 3mAM apAi gaI che. khAkI rahetA zabdamAM, vahana ane vAhananI khatAvavAmAM AvelI zuddhi azuddhi-lagabhaga dazeka vidvAnAnA vicAraza TAMkI A viSayanI carcA karAyala hAvAthI temAMthI ubhI thatI rasamayatA--(5) zatakaraNa, zAtakaraNi-temAM na. 4 nI peThe prathamAkSara zata ane zAta cheH khAkI rahetA zakhta karaNi athavA te uparathI AnumAnika kaNi; emAMthI kaceA vyAjakhI che, te temanA jIvanavRttAMta uparathI vicArAyuM che, para Mtu te eke baMdhabesatA thatA na heAvAthI tenA zabda ukelamAM kAMI skhalanA thavAnI vakkI che, athavA zuM zabda DAI zake tenAM kAraNu khatAnI karelI carcA--(6) zAlivAhana, zAlavAhana tathA zAlavAna--A zabdo te vaMzanA sarva rAjAone lagADI zakAya ke temAMnI kevaLa ekAda vyaktine ja (7) tathA aMdhrabhRtyanA ke AMdhrabhRtyanA upayega paNa naM. 6 nI peThe amuka aMze maryAdita che ke vyApaka che, tenI karelI carcA-vidvAnAe prabhRtyanA ane zuMgabhRtyanA esArela arthamAMthI, dalIlapUrvaka khatAvI Apela samajUti chevaTe uparanA sava vivecananA tAravIne Apela TUMka sAra,

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- zatavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza prathamamAM AMdhra zabda tapAsI levo sugama thaI bhinna bhinna graMthakAree A vaMzane je zabdothI paDaze eTale tenI ja vicAraNA karIzuM. tenuM vivecana oLakhAvyo che temAM nIcenA mukhya najare paDe che karatAM mazahura itihAsakAra vinseTa smitha lakhe che (2) 1) AMdha (3) zAta athavA zata (4) ke, Andhra nation, a Dravidian people zAtavAhana, zatavahana ke zatavAhana (5) zAlivAhana, now represented by the large popuzAlivAhana ke zAlavAhana ane zAlavAna (6) zatakaraNilation, speaking the Telugu language, athavA zAtakaraNi (7) ane AMdhrabhatya athavA occupied the deltas of the Godavari aMdhabha. and the Krishna on the eastern side A zAmAMthI kayA vAstavika rIte A vaMzanI of India and was reputed to possess sAthe joDI zakAya tevA che tathA zAmATe joDI zakAya a military force, second only to that tema che teno vicAra karIne kaMIka chevaTa upara ja at the command of the Prasii ChanApaNe AvI zakIe te AkhA vaMzanA itihAsa dragupta Maurya-je prajAne bheTa samUha upara kaIka anero prakAza paDe tema che. ane tema vartamAnakALe telugu bhASA bole che. te asala gaNAtI thatAM, tenA pratyeka bhUpatinA vRttAMta AlekhavAno paeNvIDIananA pratinidhirUpa che; AMdhraprajA paNa te baje bahudhA ghaNo ja haLavo thaI paDavA paNa saMbhava vIDIana ja che. temaNe hiMdanA pUrva kinAre Avela che. A kAraNathI te viSayanI vicAraNA prathama godAvarI ane kRSNa nadI vaccenA dubamAM thANuM hAtha dharIzuM. jamAvyuM hatuM. vaLI temanuM rAjakIyabaLa-lazkaranI (1) AMdhra pUrNatAnI daSTie-prAsa caMdragupta mauryanA lazkara upara darzAvelA sAta nAmo jema zata athavA karatAM ja mAtra utaratuM bIje naMbare hevAnuM gaNAtuM zAta, zatavAhana athavA sAtavAhana, zAlivAhana hatuM. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke, mArya caMdraguptanA zAlavAhana zatakaraNi athavA zatakaraNi, aMdhabhatya samaye AMdhraprajA bahu jorAvara gaNutI hatI ane athavA AMdhrabhatya ema babe nAmanuM joDakuM gaNavAyuM temaNe godAvarI ane kRSNa nadInA mukha vaccenA che tema aMdha ane AMdhranuM paNa eka yugmaja lekhavavuM duAbavALA pradezamAM ja saMsthAna jamAvyuM hatuM. A joItuM hatuM. paraMtu tema na karatAM bannene judA pADI sarvane sAra e thayo ke AMdhra nAmanI to eka batAvavA paDayA che te sakAraNa che te vAcaka prajA ja che. vaLI temane maLate ja abhiprAya che. pite ja svataH temanA zIrSaka nIce jaNAvelI sana nAmanA eka bIjA vidvAna dharAvatA jaNAve hakIkata' uparathI samajI zakaze. . 34 "The earliest mention of the (1) AmAMnA "AzranI vigata mATe AgaLa upara che, eTale svAbhAvika rIte siddha thaI gayuM ke, rAja zrImukhane "aMka" zabda juo. samaya caMdragupta mauryanI pUrve hatA. jayAre pAchA ene (2) a. hi. I. bIjI AvRtti, pR. 206. e ja vidvAne rAjA zrImukhane, zuMgavaMzI puSyamitrane braha (3) vIDIana prajAnA pratinidhirUpa che ema pote spatimitra TharAvIne temane samakAlIna TharAvI rahyA che. bAlyA che paraMtu A pramANe mAnI levAnuM koI kAraNa eTale ke zrImukhane, caMdragupta maurya pachI keTaleya kALe thayela jo ke darzAvatA ja nathI. puSyamitrane sahamayI banAve che. A badhuM kevuM asaMgata che (4) caMdraguptanA samaye AMbAnuM baLa bIje naMbare te sthiti ja batAve che ke, temanI mAnyatA-zrImukhane zuMgavaMzI. gaNAtuM hatuM. eTale caMdraguptanA samayanI pUrve AMdhraprajAnI puSyamitranA samakAlInapaNAnI (jue. pu. 4mAM khAravelanuM utpatti thaI hatI eTaluM te A uparathI siddha thayuM. tema vRttAMta pR. 252-66) khoTA pAyA upara racAyelI che. bIjI bAju aMdavaMzanA sthApaka tarIke zrImukhane gaNAvAya (5) ko. o. 2. prastAvanA 5. 150

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prathama pariccheda ] Andhra seems to occur in a passage of Aiterreya Brahaman (B.C. 500 composition date roughly) in which they are enumerated among the tribes of South India. Their home then, as in later times, was no doubt the Telugu country on the eastern side of India between the rivers of Krishna and Godavari-aterIya brAhmaNa nAmane graMtha jenI racanA I. sa. pUrve 500 AzaremAM thayAnuM gaNAyuM che tenA eka vAkayamAM AMdhranuM nAma pahelI ja vAra vaparAyuM jaNAya che. temAM tene dakSiNa hiMdamAMnI aneka jAtiomAMnI eka tarIke lekhAvI che. pAchaLanA samayanI peThe te samaye paNa temanuM vatana hiMdanA pUrva kinAre Avela kRSNA ane gAdAvarI nadIonI vaccenA telugu dezamAM hatuM te nizaMka che." ATale darajaje A banne vidvAnA ekamata thatA jaNAyA kahI zakAze, ke AMdhra nAmanI eka prajA che ane temanuM asala vatana hiMdunA pUrva kinAre kRSNA ane geAdAvarI nadInA DelTA (duAma)vALA pradezamAM hatuM, teo DevIDIana prajAnA aMza samAna che; tathA vartamAnakALe temanA dezane ane temanI bhASAne telugu nAmathI eLakhavAmAM Ave che. paNa temAM kayAMya evA ullekha karAyeA nathI ke te AMdhra prajAnA dezane aMdeza paNa kahevAtA hatA, chatAM pAchaLanA vidvAna mi. raeNpsana AgaLa jatAM potAnA pustakamAM jaNAve che ke "Andhra Desa or the country of the Andhrasis a sanskrit name for the Telugu country lying between the rivers Krishna and Godavari kRSNA ane [ 3 zatavahana za gAdAvarI nadI vacce Avela telugu dezanuM saMskRtamAM aMdeza athavA AMdhra prajAne pradeza kahevAya che. temanuM kathana taddana spaSTa che kyAMya zaMkAne sthAna nathI eTale tapAsavuM rahe che ke aMdeza ane AMdhraprajAne saMbaMdha hAvAnuM zI rIte mAnI levAmAM AvyuM che. ne ke 'aMdra' zabda vizenI vicAraNA ApaNe have pachInA zIrSaka taLe karavAnA chIe, eTale tyAM te saMbaMdhI vistRtapaNe jaNAvIzuM chatAM atra prazna upasthita thaye| che te| saMkSiptamAM paNa jaNAvavuM paDaro ja. majakura mi. repsane je aterIya brAhmaNa graMthanA racanA samaya i. sa. pUrve 500 AzarenA jaNAvyA che, eTale te samaya sudhIteA "AMdhra" nAmathI AMdhra nAmanI prajA ja samajAtI hatI. aMdha nAmanA kAI deza hatA ke nahIM te temAMthI nIkaLatuM nathI. temaja pu. 1, pR. 49mAM jaina ane bauddha thA pramANe AryAvartta dezanA je 25-25aa dezA kahevAtA hatA temanAM nAmeA ApyAM che temAM paNa aMthradezanuM nAma najare paDatuM nathI eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke, te samayanA vaidika, auddha ane jaina ema traNe saMpradAyanA koIpaNu graMthakArane 'aMdhradeza' evA zabda paricita hatA ja nahIM, paraMtu pelA prakhyAta cinAI musAphara mi. hyuena zAMga jyAre hiMdamAM AbyAM tyAre je 80 rAjyA vidyamAna hatAM temanAM nAma teNe jaNAvyAM che temAM aMdezanuM nAma jarUra dekhAya che ja (jIe pu 1 pR. 64); jethI mAnavuM rahe che ke, I. sa. pUrve 500 ane I. sa. 6nI sadI vaccenA agiyArase varSanA gALAmAM krAika samaye te 'aMdhradezane lagatI mAnyatA pravezavA pAmI haze. kayA kAraNathI tema banavA pAmyuM haze te jo ke jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI paNa anavA joga che ke, vyAkaraNanA niyamAnusAra, aMdhra dezamAM . . (6) yugapurANamAM A rAnane ' zAta' nAmathI sakhAdhyA che. (jIe pu. 4, pR. 19-20mAM buddhiprakArAmAMthI karelAM avataraNe!). (7) '"hatuM" evA nizcayakAraka rAkhta te temaNe vAparyA che paNa (sarakhAveA uparanI TIkA, na. panuM lakhANa.) A pramANe mAnI levAnuM temaNe kAMI kAraNa ja batAvyuM nathI. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat ( mArM TIppaNa; pAzcAtya vidvAnoe AvI rIte aneka ThekANe kAraNa ApyA vinA anumAna karI besADI dIdhA che ne tevAM thanane sarca nirNaya tarIke bIjA vidvA ne e svIkArI lIdhAM che. A paNa eka jAtanI khalihArI ja ne ?) (8) brue kA. A, 2. prastAvanA pU. 71, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rAtavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa je prajA vasatI hoya tene "AMdha' kahevAya ane AMdhra laIne karavAmAM Avyo dekhAya che, prajAno deza te aMdhaza kahevAya A pramANe kadAca bIjI rIte vicAratAM paNa temane aMdhrapati tarIke banavA pAmyuM hoya. kahI zakIe tema nathI ja: aMdhrapati eTale aMdha A bAbatamAM sAMpradAyika graMtho uparAMta te dezano rAjA; eTale zabdArtha pramANe te emaja thayuM prajAnA rAjAo pote ja pitA mATe athavA te ke, te vaMzanA rAjAnA adhikAramAM sarvadA saMpradeza samayanA anya rAjAo temane mATe, zuM kahevA mAMge jaLavAI rahele ja hovo joIe; ane AMdhrapati che te paNa ApaNe tapAsavAnuM rahe che. AvI tapAsa zabda vAparanAra vidvAnonI mAnyatA pramANe aMdha mATenA sAdhanomAM zilAlekho ane sikkAo ja deza te tene ja kahI zakAya che ke je pradeza kaNA vizeSa vizvasanIya che. AmanA pitAnA zilA- ane godAvarI nadInA mukha vacceno duAba banI lekhomAM mukhyatayA nAsika. nAnApATa, janera, rahyo che. paraMtu ItihAsa ApaNane zikhavI rahyo che. karI AdinA gaNI zakAya temaja anya rAjavI- ke te pradezaupara to, jema A vaMzanA rAjAonI nAmAM, cakravartI khAravelano hAthIguMphAvALo gaNAya. sattA e samaye jAmI paDI hatI tema temanA ja temaja sikkAomAM paNa temanA pitAnA nAmavALA jIvanakALamAM teja prAMta upara cakravata khAravela ane lekhI zakAya. A sarva zilAlekho ane sikkAono cacharvazI rUdradAmana AdinI sattA paNa jamavA ukela yAMsudhI vartamAnakALe jaNAve che tyAM sudhI pAmI hatI. tethI aMdhrapati eTale aMdhradezanA koImAM paNa aMdha ke tene lagatuM adha, apratyAH adhipati jevuM vyApaka artha banAvatuM koI saMbodhana, ke AMdhapati jevuM kaMI paNa nAma athavA vizeSaNa A AMdhraprajAnA rAjavIo mATe vAparavuM vyAjabI joDavAmAM AvyuM hoya ema dekhAtuM nathI. temaNe gaNI zakAya nahIM, bAkI AMdhraprAnA rAjavI, evo pite pitA mATe te zata, ke tene ja maLatAM sAta bhAva darzAvatuM AMdhrapati nAmanuM birUda temane lagADaane zatavahana ke zAtavAhana jevAM tathA sAta ke vAmAM ane temanA vaMzane AMdhravaMza kahevAmAM kAMIja sAtakaraNi0 jevAM ja birUda lagADayAM che. jyAre ayukta gaNI zakAya nahIM. khAravela jevAe temane mAtra sAtakaraNinA uparamAM je ApaNe jaNAvyuM ke A vaMzanA nAmathI ja saMbodhyA che. matalaba e thaI ke A rAjAonI rAhakumatamAM pradeza sarvadA rahyo vaMzano aMta, je I. sa.nA trIjA saikAnI madhyamAM nathI, te mATe temane sarvadA ane sarvathA aMdhrapati Avyo gaNAya che tyAMsudhI temane koI e baMdha kahI zakAya tema nathIH tevI ja rIte te paristhitimAM dezanA rAjA eTale aMdhrapati tarIke athavA te rahenAra eTale ke aMdhaza upara Adhipatya bhogavanAra aMbabhatyAra tarIke varNavyA ja nathI dekhAtA. tAtparya rAjA khAravelane ke cakaNarvazI rUdradAmanane athavA e thayo ke I. sa. nA trIjA saikAthI mAMDIne mi. te te kALa pachI je anya rAjavaMzIo te mulakanA dhanasAMga I. sa. nA chaThThA saikAnI AdimAM jyAre svAmI banI beThA hatA temane keIne aMdhrapati hidanA pravAse Avyo, te be vaccenA lagabhaga traNa tarIke, athavA tene ja lagatuM nAma joDI batAvIne : varSanA gALAmAM ja aMdhrapati ke aMdhabhatyAH (AMdhrapati hAsakAroe paNa saMdhyA nathI ja. eTale spaSTa ke apratyAH ) e zabda prayoga game te kAraNe thAya che ke pradezane ane AMdhraprajAne asalanA (9) Ane lagatI vizeSa hakIkata te zabdonI vicA- raNu karatI vakhata jaNAvAze; tyAMthI joI levI. (10) 05ranI TIkA na, 9 juo, (11) jue pu. 4 pR. ra77mAM hAthIguphA lekhanI sarva paktionuM avataraNa; khAsa karIne paMDita pAMcamI.

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prathama paricheda ] zatavahana vaMza [ 5 samaye prAcIna itihAsakAranI mAnyatA pramANe keAI darker's Institute, vol. I, pp. 22 and paNa matalabano, kAryakaraNano-saMbaMdha nahato ja; paraMtu seg.)mAM kahevAtA AdhavaMzI rAjAonA utpatti sthAna : pAchaLathI ja A banne nAmane arasaparasa bheLavI vize-On the home of the so-called nAkhavAmAM AvyA dekhAya che. vizeSamAM ke, aMgrejI Andhra kings nAmanA lekhamAM darzAvAyela che, itihAsakAroe bhale bane zabdone yathArtha svarUpamAM jyAre anya sthaLe 13 jaNAvela che ke, " Their samajIne ja upayoga karyo haze, paraMtu tenA vAcakene original home was not Andhra desa. A zabdanA gUDha rahasyanI ke temAM rahela tAratamyanI They did not hail from the east-in barAbara samaja rahI nahIM hoya eTale ekanI jagyAe the version of the origin of the dybIjo zabda lakhavAmAM tathA vAcavAmAM (ucAra nasty given in Kathasarit-sagar, the karatAM) vAparyo gayA hoya ema 5Nu banavAjoga che. founder of the dynasty is said to apradeza ane AMdhraprajAne koI saMbaMdha na have been born at Paithan; even the hevAnuM atyAra sudhI te rAjakIya dRSTie ja eTale language of their inscriptions is some ke rAjyAdhikAranAM sUtra grahaNa karyAnI apekSAe ja kind of proto-Maharastri with no ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe, paraMtu mi. resana affinity with the Telugu, the language : sAhebe uThAvela praznane, te prajAnA utpatti sthAna of the Andhras-temanuM mULa vatane aMpradeza nahoto tarIkano che. eTale temanuM kahevuM ema che ke aMdha ja. teo pUrvamAMthI utarI AvyA nathI. kathAsarita dezamAM je prajAnuM saMsthAna hoya tene AMdhra kahevAya. sAgara nAme graMthamAM A vaMzanI utpati vize je AkhyAA mAnyatA saMsthAnanI utpattisthAna tarIkenI cikA utArI che temAM A vaMzanA sthApakano janma barAbara che ke kema te have tapAsIe. paiThaNamAM thayela hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. uparAMta temanA aMdhradezane lagatI vizeSa hakIkata te have pachI zilAlekhonI bhASA paNa keTaleka daraje mahArASTrIyanA AvavAnI che. atre mAtra ApaNuM khapajeguM ja namunArUpa che temaja AMdhraprajAnI bhASA ne telugu vivecana karIza. 3. sane AMdhraprajAnI utpatti gaNAya che tenI sAthe kAMI ja saMbaMdha vinAnI dekhAya tarIke je ke kRSNa ane godAvarI nadInA mukha che. ATaluM jaNAvIne pitAne abhiprAya vyakta karI vacceno pradeza, aterIya brAhmaNa graMthanA AdhAre de che ke "These facts fully justify the anumAna karIne jaNAvyo che paraMtu temanA mata sAthe conclusion that Satavahans were not anya vidvAno saMmata thatA hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. Andhras=AvA purAvAthI saMpUrNa rIte nyAyapuraH Do. vI. esa. sukhathaMkara nAmanA vidvAna jaNAve sara Thare che ke, zAtavAhana (nAmanA rAjAo) AMdhra che ke "Their orignal home was in prajAmAMnA nahotA ja . ATale lAMbe hatAza Bellary district=temanuM mULa vatana belArI te lekhaka mahAzaye zAtavAhana rAjAne AzrayIne jIllAmAM hatuM. " A abhiprAyane maLate ja mata lakhyo dekhAya che ema temanA ja zabdothI spaSTa enalIsIjha oNpha dhI bhAMDArakara insTITayuTa pu. 1. thaI jAya che. eTale dekhItuM che ke temane abhiprAya 5. 22 ne AgaLa (Analysis of the Bhan- AMdhraprajAnA vatanane aMge je sthiti pravartatI hoya (12) juo ke. hi. I. pR. 598, (13) ja. ba. eN. je. e. sa. 1927, pR. 45 ane AgaLa. (14) majakura pustaka pR. 49. (15) sarakhA pR.9 thI AgaLanuM lakhANa ane tenI TIkAo,

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zatavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa tene anulakSIne sarvaze uccArAyo che ema to na ja bhAMDArakara sAheba lakhe che ke -"It must have kahI zakAya. paraMtu AMdhraprajA ane sAtavAhana-zatavahana at the early period comprised Jaipur eka ja che-athavA bahu te prathama sthiti prajAnA and part of Vizagapatam district of aMza tarIke lakhAI che ema jyAre ApaNe "zatavahana" the Madras Presidency, along with zabdanA vivecana karatI vakhate sAbita karI batAvIzuM some conterminous districts of tyAre mAnavuM paDaze ke temane abhiprAya vAstavika Central Provinces; and it is not at che. kahevAno matalaba e che ke, temanA mata pramANe all impossible that it may have also AMdhraprajAnI utpatisthAna tarIke pradezane gaNI included the southern parts of the nahIM zakAya. Nizam's dominions and the Kistna 341 3410 24isdall 2107 2108 and Godavari districts, corresponding kAraNamAM maLelI sattAprAptinI dRSTie, temaja to modern Telingana8=madrAsa ilAkAnA temanA utpatisthAnanI daSTie ema baMne rIte tapAsI jayapura ane vijhAgApaTama jIllAnA thoDA bhAga uparAMta, jotAM have sAbita thaI gayuM che. pradezane ane tenI sarahade aDoaDa Avela madhya prAMtanA keTalAka AMdhraprajAne koI jAtane saMbaMdha nathI ja. AgaLanA jIllAone temAM (aMpradezamAM) pUrva samaye samAveza trIjA paricchede paNa A ja hakIkata vistArapUrvaka thato haze; ane ema banavuM 5NuM asaMbhavita nathI samajAvavAmAM AvI che. bhUlavuM joItuM nathI ke A ke nijhAmI riyAsatanA dakSiNa bhAgane tathA jene pramANeno nirNaya je ApaNe dorI batAvyuM che. te vartamAnakALe telaMgaNa kahevAmAM Ave che tevA, kRSNa to mAtra be traNa vidvAnonA matanI bArIka tapAsa ane godAvarI jIllAene paNa temAM samAveza karI karyA bAda ane te paNa temaNe mAnI lIdhelA utpatti- devAtA hoya." pitAne abhiprAya A pramANe vyakta sthAnanA sthaLanI vicAraNuM bAda karI batAvela che karatAM temaNe koI anya purAvAno AdhAra levA paranta amArA mate te AMdhraprajAnuM utpatisthAna ja karatAM, maMtavya ja raju karyuM hoya, ema temanA zabdaaMdhradezane badale kayAMya anya bhUmimAM chupAyeluM dUgArathI samajAya che. eTale te upara ApaNe kAMI paDayuM che. to AMdhraprajAne ane pradezane paNa koI nukatecInI karavI rahetI nathI; paraMtu mAluma paDe che prakArane saMbaMdha hoI na zake ema vaLI era vizeSa ke rAjA zrImukhajene A AMdhavezane sthApaka aMze puravAra thaI jatuM dekhAze. gaNavAmAM Ave che, tenA rAjya vistAranI parisImA (2) aMdha upara, pitAnI najara TheravIne ja temaNe upara pramANe uparamAM AMdhra zabdaviSenuM vivecana karatAM, be aMdradezanI sarahanuM nirmANa karyuM dekhAya che. jyAre eka vidvAnonAM kathananA AdhAre ema jaNAvI gayA rAja khAravelanA hAthIguphAnA lekhavarNana uparathI chIe ke, aMdha te dezavAcaka zabda che ane te dezanuM ApaNane bhALa thAya che ke, te samayanA arasAmAM ja sthAna kRSNa ane godAvarI nadInA mukha vaccenA majakura rAjA zrImukhanI utpatti thaI hatI ane DeTAvALe pradeza gaNAtuM hatuM. tenA anusaMdhAnamAM je temanA kathana pramANe ja, je vastusthiti hoya te kAMI vizeSa jANavAmAM AvyuM che te have raju karIzuM. te sarva pradeza AMdhraprajAnI rAjahakumatamAM ja gaNu aMpradezanI mAhitI ApatAM De. DI. Ara. rahe; paraMtu te ja zilAlekhanA adhyayana uparathI te - (16) juo pu. 1, naMda bIjAnuM ane navamAnuM chavanavarAta, (17) jue bhAM. a. 5. 34. (18) ja, be, be, . e. se. 19ra7, 49, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prathama paricchedra ] ema khulle che ke, temAMnA dhaNAkharA bhAga kayArane e rAjA khAravelanA adhikAramAM AvI paDayA hatA. eTale evA anumAna upara AvavuM rahe che ke, aMdezanI temaNe dArI batAvela hRda barAbara nathI. ane te anumAnane jo vizeSa laMbAvIe te, ema paNa kadAca sAra kADhI zakAya ke, AMdhraprajAnuM utpattisthAna paNa te pradezamAM nahIM AvatuM hAya. AtA utpatti thayAnI najare ApaNe tapAsa karI che, chatAM jo tevA pradeza (aMdhrapradeza) upara temaNe hakumata calAvI hovAnI dRSTie vicAra karAtA hAya, tA paNa te muddo vyAjabI harAvI zakAya tema nathI. A vize eka vidvAne jaNAvyuM che keH "The mere mention of certain kings in the Puranas as Andhras and their identity with the names of the Satavahan kings as given in their epigraphic records cannot justify an inference that the Satavahanas were originally rulers of the Andhara Desha-purANeAmAM keTalAka rAjAAnA kevaLa ullekha AMdhra tarIke karAyA heAvAthI, temaja lekhAmAM temane zatavAhana rAjA tarIke meLakhAvyA hAvAthI evuM anumAna nyAyapUrvaka na ja kahI zakAya ke zatavahateA mULe aMdeza upara rAjasattAdhArI hatA. eka vakhata amArI peAtAnI mAnyatA paNa evI baMdhAI hatI ke mahAbhAratamAM jene daMDakAraNya kahevAmAM AvyuM che, te araNyanA pradeza ja A AMdhraprajAnI utpatti sthAnavALA aMdhrapradezane amuka bhAga haze ane te mAnyatAnA AdhAre tenI catuHsImA nIce pramANe kalpI hatI. uttare sAtapuDA parvata, dakSiNe tuMgabhadrA nadI, pazcime sacAMdrivALA ghATa-parvatA ane zatavahana za (19) A AkhuM' vAkaya AgaLa upara AvavAnuM che tyAM tenA AdhAra jaNAvyA che. (20) A vAkaya upara amArA vicAra| AgaLa upara darzAvavAnA che (jIe "AMdhraprAnI utpatti vize 'vALe pAritrAt ). Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 7 pUrvamAM eka siddhi lITI ke jene uttara cheDe haidrA khAdanA caMdAzaherathI ArbhI dakSiNe kaDappAzahera sudhI laMbAvI zakAya. eTale ke vidvAnee kRSNA ane gAdAvarInA mukha vaccenA duAkhate te pradeza batAvyA che tenI paNa pUrvathI ArabhIne, pazcima ghATa vaccenA sadhaLA vistAranA temAM samAveza thata kalpyA hatA; kemake A araNyamaya pradezamAM khIce khIca vrukSA tathA vanarAjI AvI rahela heAvAthI temAM sUryanAM kiraNAtA bhAgye ja praveza thaI zakatA hatA. tethI divase paNu, AkhA araNyamAM aMdhakAranuM ja dena thayA karatuM hatuM; eTale tevI bhUmine aMdhaDherA kahevAmAM kAMi vAMdhA jevuM naja lekhAya ane pachI jema aneka dRSTAMtamAM banatuM AvyuM che tema, A baMdha zabdamAM kALakrame parivartana thatAM kraMdhra zabda thavA pAmyA hAya. paNa vizeSa abhyAsathI jyAre jANavAmAM AvyuM ke, aMdhradezane ane AMdhraprajAne utpattinA sthAna paratve kAMI saMbaMdha ja nathI, temaja mahAbhAratanA samaye aMpradeza jevA zabda ja astitvamAM nahatA, tyAre te kalpelI mAnyatAne tyAga karavA paDaye| hatA. DaoN. khullura nAmanA vidvAnanuM maMtavya eka ThekANe20 raju thayuM che temAM nIce pramANe zabdo cheH" The place-names in Ganjam and Vigianagaram districts are to be regarded as Andhra colonies of East Deccan=gaMjAma ane vijayAnagara jIllAnA keTalAMka sthAnAnAM nAmeA ( evAM che ke jema ) te AMdhraprAnAM pUrva dakSiNamAMnA vasAhata sthAneA gaNI zakAya." matalaba ke temanuM maMtavya upara TAMdela, DA. bhAMDArakara sAhebanA kacana sAthe thoDeka aMze sAmya dharAvatuM dekhAya che. vaLA ( mA. viliyamsa kRta ) saMskRta-IM grejI zabdASamAM aMdha zabdanI vyAkhyA 1 karatAM nirdeze (21) jue. pu, 4, pR. 19 (temAM gu x 1 x sA.nA buddhiprakAza 1928, pu. 76 pR. 98nA utAro ApyA che te avataraNanA zabdo A pramANe che. " kaliMgapati zAtanI bhUminA bhUkhyA, te zAtAmAM uttama rAjA") vaLI jIe ja, A. hiM. rI. seA. pu. 2, bhAga 1 pR. 56, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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= = sAtavAhana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa che ke "The name of people (probably ema have vAcaka vargane spaSTapaNe samajAze. modern Telangana ); name of dynasty; (3) zAta ane zata a man of law caste (The offspring of "zata ' saMskRta zabda che; tene artha =One a Vaideha father & Karwar mother, hundred thAya che. ane vyAkaraNanA niyamAnusAra who lives by killing game) (1) prajAnuM nAma je purUSa zatavaMzane hoya te sAta kahevAya che, jema che (ghaNuM karIne vartamAna telaMgaNa); (2) eka vaMzanuM videhadezane purUSa vadeha ane magadhane mAgadha kahevAya che nAma che; (3) zukrajAtinI eka vyakti (jene pitA tema. pu. 4 mAM gabhIlavaMzanuM varNana ApatAM ApaNe videhadezane vatanI che ane mA kAravAra pradezanI) jaNAvyuM che ke, zale kee ujainapati rAjA gaMdharvache ke je zikAra karIne nirvAha calAve che)" senane harAvIne tyAM svazAsana sthApita karyuM hatuM. (athavA jene ApaNe pAradhi athavA vAgharI kahIne temanA chellA rAjAe zakAri vikramAdityanA hastathI oLakhIe chIe te prakAranI prajA)=matalaba ke parAjaya pAmyA bAda, dakSiNanA svAmI zAta rAjA aMdha zabdane temAM prajA, vyakti ke vaMzadarzaka darzAvela sAthe yuddha karyuM hatuM, jemAM te zakarAjAnuM mRtyu che, nahIM ke sthAnadarzaka; paraMtu jyAre " vartamAna thayuM hatuM tathA te bAda daza varSe A zAta rAjA23 telaMgaNa" evA zabdathI spaSTIkaraNa karyuM che ane 5Na marazuM pAmyo hato. A kathana virAsaMhitAnA aMte telaMgaNu zabda te pradezavAsI che tyAre bramaNa jeThelA yugapurANanA adhyayanamAMthI uddharAyuM che. te utpanna thAya che ke, aMdhane temaNe dezavAcaka te nahIM uparathI sAbita thAya che ke te samaye, eTale I. sa. dhAryo hoya ! paNa khulAso karI zakAya ke, telaMgaNa pU. 57 mAM je rAjAe dakSiNapati hatA temane dezamAM vasatA leka (People ) ne aMdha kahevAmAM sAta kahIne bolAvatA hatA ane uparamAM te zabdanI Ave che, tevI temanI kahevAnI matalaba paNa hoya.* je vyAkhyA ApI batAvI che te uparathI samajAya game te arthamAM 9o, chatAM temanA kahevAno Azaya che ke A vaMzane (zAtavaMzI rAjAone ) sa varSanA samajI javAya tema che ja. AMka sAthe kAMIka saMbaMdha che che ne che ja. A pramANe A pramANe bhinna bhinna vidvAnonAM matadarzana eka hakIkata thaI. karyo. te uparathI ema sahaja tarI Ave che ke, teo bIjI bAju kaliMgapati rAjA khAravelanA hAthIsarva arasaparasa sahamata thatA nathI. eTale temanA guphAnA lekhamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke teNe potAnA rAjyAkathana uparathI apradezanuM sthAna nizcayapUrvaka karAvI rahaNa pachI bIje ja varSe tene rAjyAbhiSeka ma. zakIe te sthitie ApaNe haju pahoMcyA chIe, sa. 98mAM thayAnuM puravAra karyuM che23 eTale te hisAbe ema kahI zakAya tema nathI. temaja aMdhraprajAnA 98ra ma. . 100 mAM A banAva banyA kahI vivaraNa karatI vakhate joI gayA chIe ke temanI zakAze), zrImukha zatakaraNi upara ekadama caDAI utpattinA sthAna vize paNa haju ApaNe anizcita karIne muzikanagara sudhI pIche haTAvI dIdho hato. dazAmAM ja chIe. A prakAranA saMjogomAM, " aMdha" kahevAno Azaya e che ke, zrImukha zatakaraNie tAje te " AMdhra" banne zabdane, anya zabdayumenI taramAM ja potAnI svataMtratA jAhera karIne rAjanagaranI Vii sAthe na joDatAM, kTA pADIne ja darzAvavAnI sthApanA mATe tathA rAjyanuM kAMIka sImAbaMdhana karavA amane jarUra dekhAI che ane te vyAjabI ja che mATe, khAravelanA rAjapradeza upara AkramaNa laI javA (22) 5, , pR. 20 TIka naM. 22 ane 24. pU. ra7; tathA teja pustake pR. 378 uparanI samayAvALImAM (2) tu pu. 4mAM rAja khAravelanuM jIvanavRttAMta, I. sa. pU. 429 = ma. sa. 98vALA banAveluM nirUpa.

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prathama pariccheda ] zAtavAhana vaMza [ 9 mAMDayuM hatuM, jethI rAjA khAravele te zAtakaraNinI sAta zabdane paNa lAgu paDe che, ema vAcaka mahAzaye. kAMI paNa paravA karyA vinA24 ke khulAso pUchavAmAM samajI levA vinaMti che. ane saMdezA calAvavAmAM samayanI barabAdI karyA vinA, (4) zAtavahana ane zatavahana tene dAbI devA mATe tAbaDatoba pratikArarUpe humalo athavA kace hato. A uparathI samajAze ke zrImukhe pitAne zAtavAhana ane zatavAhana vaMza ma. sa. 100=I. sa. pU. 427 mAM sthApIne 25 pR. 6mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, zAtavahana ane AMdha: svataMtratA jAhera karI hatI. A pramANe bIjI eka bIjAnA aMza rUpe che temaja uparamAM zata ane " sthiti che. zAtanuM vivaraNa karatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, te banne eka - uparanI baMne sthitinuM ekIkaraNa karatAM samajAze ja rUpamAM gaNI zakAya tema che ane tenuM vivecana ke purANakAroe te vaMzane nAma je zata, athavA te zAtavahana zabda karavAmAM Avaze. tadanusAra atra te zAta (se nA AMka saMkhyA sAthe saMbaMdhavALuM) pADayuM zabdanuM-zabdayugmanuM-spaSTIkaraNa karIzuM. che tathA te vaMzanA rAjAone zAta (so nA varSamAM vahana eTale vahevuM,=flowing, running or sthApita thayela vaMzanA ) nAmathI varNavyA che te beginning to run evo artha thAya che. te vAstavika che. tathA te zabdane marma paNa upara uparathI zatavahananA AkhA zabdano artha "that pramANe samajavo rahe che. one (family or dynasty) whose running A "zata" zabdanI sAthe "vahana' zabda has been in the year of 100; or the jevAthI zatavahana thAya che ane zAtanI sAthe vahana family which has begun to run from joDatAM zAtavahana thAya che. temAM vahana eTale vahed the 100th year=evI vastu (kuTuMba, vaMza) ke, thayela, gatimAM Avela, astitvamAM Avela e jenA vahananI Adi "somA varSathI thaI che. eTale artha thAya che. pariNAme jevo bhAvArtha zata ane sAta ke je vaMzanI zarUAta so mAre 6 varSathI thaI che e kAkhano thAya che tevo ja ane tene anurUpa artha thayo kahevAya. ane te yathAyogya lAge che, jethI zatavahana tathA sAtavAhanane paNa thAya che. jethI hAla sAra e thAya che ke, "vahana' zabdane sthAne (pachI tarata te zabdano vizeSa adhikAra atra na lakhatAM, te zatavahana hoya ke zatavahano hoya te te te eka ja te zabdanA nirUpaNa karavAnA sthaLe karIzuM. ane tyAM zabda che. paheluM ekavacana che, bIjuM bahuvacana che) . darzAvavAmAM AvatI sarva hakIkata, A zata tathA keTaleka ThekANe je "vAhana' zabda joDAyale najare paDe (24) ke. hi. I. pR. 600-Kharvel in the 2nd varSane puravAra thayA che eTale sAra e thayo ke zAtavAhanayear of his reign sent a large army to the vaMzI rAjAo 112nI pUrve sattA upara AvI gayA hatA.) West, disregarding Sata-karni and in his (26) A ekasamuM varSa kayA saMvatsaranuM hatuM te vaLI fourth year humbled the Rashtrikas=zatakaraNInI bIjo prazna che, tenuM vizeSa vivecana, A AMkavaMzI rAjAparavA karyA vinA rAja khAravele potAnA rAjyanA bIjA enA dhama vizenI carcA Avaze tyAre karavAmAM Avaze. viSe pazcima tarapha moTuM sainya mAkaharyuM, ane cothA varSe atra eTaluM jaNAvI daIe ke tene lagatA IsArA pu. 1mAM zakine parAjIta karIne namAvyA. samacAvaLI pR. 401 upara, I. sa. pUrve 4ra7 zrImukhe (25) ja. . . . e. . pu. 8, pR. 239 aMkadeza sthApe tenI pRSTha saMkhyA jaNAvI che temAM ane AgaLa. (A lekha uparathI phalita thAya che ke, navamA ApyAM che. tevI ja rIte pu. 4mAM pR. 378 uparanI I. naMdanA samaya pUrve zAtavahana kuTuMba, paiThaNamAM rAja amala sa. pU. 4ra7nI sAlamAM nirdiSTa karelAM pRSTho upara tathA matuM hatuM. navamAM naMdane samaya ma. saM.12thI 1553 pu. 2-3mAM chuTachavAyuM prasaMgepAta jaNAvAjhuM che.

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10 ] zatavAhana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa che, temAM lahiyAne athavA lekhakane hastadoSa ja saMbhave samRddhi keTalAya guNI vipulapaNAmAM hoI zake te sahaja che. bAkI aMgrejI lakhANamAM satavahan lakhyuM kalpanAmAM utare tema che, tyAre tenI sarakhAmaNImAM eka hoya tene uccAra te zatavahana paNa karAya che. temaja mahArAjyanA samrATanI te vAta ja zI ? A pramANe zAtavAhana ane zatavAhana paNa karI zakAya che. eTale badhI paristhiti nihALatAM "vAhanane' badale "vahana' temAM to eka sarakhu ja che. alabatta eTale daraje zabda ja sAco hoya ema Thare che ane "se nIla te azuddha ja kahI zakAya ke, mULa zabda upara bArIka sAlamAM sthApita thayela" vaMza e artha sUcavavA ja 'dhyAna ApyA sivAya game tevI rIte uccAravAnA zatavahana' zabda vaparAyo che ema dekhAya che. jyAre rUpamAM lakhe javAyuM che. kahevAnI matalaba e thaI kuM. resana evo mata dharAve che ke, 30 "Satavahan ke, jema "aMdha" ane "AMdhra' zabdanuM arasaparasa is the term being the name of the sthAna arvAcIna pustakamAM devAI jAya che tevI ja clan to which the ruling family berIte A "vahana" ane "vAhana" zabdanuM sthAna 275Nu longed=zatavahana zabda te jAtivAcaka nAma che. apAI jAya che. jemAM te vaMzanA rAjakartAo thayA che" matalaba ke, vAhanane artha te jamIna upara AvavA javA temanA maMtavya pramANe zatavahana te jAtinuM nAma che. mATe vaparAtuM sAdhana; gADI, gADuM-Vehicles, eka ThekANe 1 "zatayAna' zabda paNa vaparAya Conveyances ItyAdi rUpe thAya che ane tene mAluma paDe che. temAM yAna zabdano dhAtu "mA" che zata' jevAthI evo ja phalitArtha thAze ke, one ane teno artha to go=javuM, evA thAya che. eTale who has 100 conveyances can be yAnano artha gatisUcaka thayo kahevAya. ane "vahanane styled a Satavahan=jenI pAse se jeTalI artha paNa tevo ja che eTale "zatayAna'ne artha paNa saMkhyAmAM vAhana hoya tene sAtavAhana kahevAya. ane "zatavahana' je ja thayA gaNAya. A pramANe ja artha kara joIe evo Azaya je upara pramANe zatavahana zabdano artha temAM lekhaka dharAvatA hoya te kahevuM paDaze ke, temaNe zata- AvelA aMzanI vyutpanyAnusAra ApaNe gAThI vAhanavaMzI rAjAonI sAmAjIka temaja Arthika kahevAze. paraMtu te vaMzanA rAjAoe pote ja potAnA sthitino bahu ja halake vicAra bAMdhyo che athavA zilAlekhomAM kayo zabda vAparyo che tathA te vize te tevI sthitinI rajuAta karIne vAcakanA mana anya lekhake zuM vicAro dharAve che te paNa ApaNe " upara uttama asarane badale taddana ulaTI ja asara tapAsavuM joIe. nIpajAvI chekema ke vartamAnakALe paNa ucca keTinA eka' (1) eka lekhaka jaNAve che ke, Thus rAjavIne tyAM, se vAhana jeTalI samRddhi sAmAnya rIte the first name given in the Puranas, te hoya che ja; jyAre te vakhatanA moTA moTA viz. simuka or Sisuka is named in zAha sodAgaro ke jeo atyAranA rAjavI karatAM aneka an early inscription as Simukha rIte vizeSa zrImAna hatA. temane 18 tyAM paNa tevI Satavahano=A pramANe purANamAM jenuM prathama * - (27) A vahana, ane vAhana zabda upara koI bhASA- zAstrI vizeSa prakAza pADe evI vinaMti che. (28) pu. 1, 5. 243 u5ra TAMkeluM gepALakebInuM kayAnaka vAMca, (2) "zAtakaraNi rAbdanA arthamAM paNa A pramANe goTALo thayela che te AgaLa upara samajAvavAmAM Avaze. (30) jue che. A. re. prastAvanA 5. 15nuM TIpaNuM naM. 1. (35) jue ja, cho. eN. je. e. sa. pu. 9, 5. 149 upara kAlikAcAryanI kathA varNavI che te prasaMganuM varNana. (32) ja. Ahi , se. pu. 2, bhAga 1, 5.6 ane AgaLa. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prathama pariccheda ]. zatavahana vaMza [ 11 nAma (prathama rAjA tarIkenuM nAma) zimuka athavA have been a contemporary with zikSaka ApyuM che tene eka nAnA zilAlekhamAM Nanda=pachIthI rAjA tarIke rAjyAbhiSeka karavAmAM zimukha zatavAhane 33 tarIke saMbodhyo che. Avyo hato ane pratiSThAnapura eka mAletujAra (2) gautamiputra zAtakaraNinI mA evI, rANIzrI zahera banavA pAmyuM....(pR. 138). bRhatkathAmAM je baLazrIe nAsikano zilAlekha, je potAnA putranI zAtavAhana rAjAnuM nAma levAyuM che te rAjAnaMdano yazagAthAne amara karAvate ketarAvyo che, temAM teNIe samakAlIna thayo haze." zabdo vAparyA che ke Restored the glory of (5) bIje eka ThekANe vaLI ema jaNAvAyuM Satavahanas=zatavahana rAjAonI kIti pharIne che ke, Majority of the inscriptions are ujajavaLa banAvI (jevI hatI tevI karI dIdhI). found at Nasik; their earliest inscrip (3) vaLI bIjA eka vidvAne potAnA vicAro tion at Nanaghat in Western India, nIcenA zabdomAM jaNAvyA che-khAravela kaliMgAdhi- their earliest coin in West India; patinA samayamAM mahArAjA zAtakaNi pazcimamAM hato. they are referred to all along in the zilAlekhomAM emanA vaMzanuM nAma sAtavAhana che. epigraphic records, not as Andhras but jene prAkata ane saMskRta granthomAM zAlavAhana as Satavahanas=zilAlekhAne moTA bhAga kahevAmAM Ave che. zAtavAhanane prathama zilAlekha nAsikamAMthI maLI Ave che; temane sauthI prathama I.sa. pU. 200 varSanA akSaromAM lakhAyelA nAnAghATa zilAlekha, pazcima hiMdamAM Avela nAnAvATano che. (nAsika pradezamAM) maLI Avyo che. A vicAra ane sauthI prathamane sikko (paNa) pazcima hiMdane darzanamAM bIjI truTio sAthe ApaNe saMbaMdha nathI che. (A) sarva prakAranA lekhamAM, sarvatra temane eTale te vize mauna sevIe. atra te eTaluM ja sAtavAhana tarIke ja oLakhAvela che nahIM ke jaNAvavAnuM rahe che ke, A vaMzane mATe zatavahana ke AMdhra tarIke. zatavAhana temAMthI kaye zabda vaparAya che. (6) tyAre ke. hi. I. mAM pR. 531 upara tenA (4) vaLI anyatraka" ema lakheluM nIkaLe che ke, lekhaka ema jaNAve che ke earliest known Satavahan was afterwards installed coins bear the name of a king Sata as king and Pratishthanpur became who is probably to be identified with a rich city-(p. 138). The satavahan SatakarnijunAmAM jAnA sikakA je jaNAyA che mentioned by the Brhatkatha must te upara te zAtarAjanuM nAma lakhAyeluM che ane (33) A vAkacamAM zilAlekhanA AdhAre kahe che ke, (36) A uparathI samajAya che ke rAjanaMdanA samaye zAtavAhano zabda che, jyAre ke. hi. I. pR. 598mAM (hAlanA vidvAne je ema mAnI rahyA che ke pramukha zAtajaNAvAya che ke, zilAlekhamAM zatavahana jevo zabda ja nathI. karaNi-zAtavAhana vaMzanA sthApaka ane mULa puruSa-te, (A uparathI ema lAge che ke, kavacita kaI zilAlekhamAM zuMgavaMzI puSyamitrane samakAlIna hatuM. tene badale) paNa satavahana zabda vaparAI gayo haze je A bemAMthI eka zAtavAhana rAjAonI hayAti hatI evI mAnyatA dharAvAtI lekhakanI daSTi bahAra cAlyuM gayuM haze.) hatI. (pu. 4mAM khAlanA samaya nirNaya upara AvavAne (34) juo jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka pu. 3, khaMDa che. je be Dajhana jeTalI dalIlo ApaNe ApI che tathA te bAda pR. 373. prasaMgopAta vaLI be traNane umere karyo che temAM A ekano (35) ja, bro. . . e. se. pu. 10 pR. 132 vaLI vizeSa samAveza kara rahe che. (De. bhAdAjIno lekha). " (37) ja cho. e. je. e. se. 19ra7, 5, 49, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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=+ + sAtavAhana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa tenI oLakha zAtakara itarIke vadhAre saMbhavita che. pR. 17 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe sAmAnya rUpane A () mi. rasane upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe dekhAya che. ka5pradIpakAra e artha besADe che ke eka ThekANe zatavahanane jAti tarIke oLakhAvI che, teno tera tAnArthavA je sAtavAna pati sadhAtu "dAna" jayAre bIje ThekANe 8 temaNe jude ja vicAra nA arthamAM hovAthI lokamAM sAtavAhana evuM nAma darzAvyo dekhAya che tyAM temanA zabdo A pramANe paDayuM che! A paNa sarva sAmAnya artha che. bemAMthI che--" The later members of the Sha- ekenA maMtavya pramANe evA koI viziSTa prasaMgane tavahan dynasty continued to rule laIne "zAtavahana ' jevuM nAma lagADavAmAM AvyuM over the Eastern Provinces=zatavahana hoya ema khulatuM nathI. kathAsaritsAgaranA kartA je vaMzanA pAchalA rAjAo pUrvanA prAMte upara rAjya vicAra raju kare che, te jo ke kAMIka viziSTa che amala calAvatA rahyA hatA, matalaba ke A ThekANe khare. paraMtu temAM eTaluM badhuM arthagAMbhiya nathI temaNe zatavahana ne jAtine badale vaMza tarIke dekhAtuM ke jethI te vaMzanI viziSTatA upara prakAza oLakhAvyo che. pheMkAya. temaNe jaNAvyuM che ke tenA cAra (8) eka lekho 39 vaLI ema abhiprAya jomA tannA tama jJAtavAta6 jAnnA vAra na darzAvyo che ke "shatavahan became a rAve jainanuM yaravazAta nAmanA yakSe upADayAfamily name afterwards=vaMzanuM nAma zata- uThAvyo tethI tevuM " zAtavAhana' nAma karyuM ane vahana te pAchaLathI paDayuM hatuM" eTale temane mata amuka samaye tene rAjya upara besAryo. ema thAya che ke te vaMzanuM nAma prathama kAMIka bIjuM (13) prabaMdhaciMtAmaNibhASAMtara, amadAvAda mukita, hatuM paraMtu pAchaLathIja zatavahana joDavAmAM AvyuM che. (1909) pR. 37 mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, te (zAlivAhana) (9) tyAre mi. vinsenTa smitha te sApha sApha kuMbhArane ghera rahI mATInA ghaDA, hAthI, manuSya zabdamAM jaNAvI de che ke40 " The Andhra vigere tarehavAra jAtanAM ramakaDAM karavA lAgyAtethI kings all claimed to belong to the tenuM nAma sAtavAhana evuM paDayuM. eTale temanA mata Satavahan family and many of them pramANe te, rAjA hAla zAlivAhane ekalAne ja assumed the title or bore the name zAtavAhana kahI zakAya; A hakIkata pustakIya che jyAre of satkarniAsaghaLA AMtra rAjAo zatavahanavaMzI uparamAM joI gayA chIe ke zilAlekhamAM to tenA hovAno dAvo karatA ane temAMnA ghaNAe zAta- pUrvanA keTalAya rAjAne zAtavAhana kahevAmAM AvyA ka2Na nAmanuM birUda athavA te upanAma dhAraNa che; ane zilAlekhI purAvA vizeSa mAnanIya kahevAya. karyuM hatuM. eTale ke AMdhraprajAnA saghaLA ja rAjAone uparanAM avataraNo bhale bhinna bhinna maMtavya satavahanavaMzanA kahevAya che, paraMtu te badhA zata- raju karatAM dekhAya che, paraMtu temAMnA moTA bhAgane karaNi nahAtA kahevAtA, temAM moTo bhAga alabatta pradhAna sura ema nIkaLate kahI zakAze ke A vaMzane sAtakaraNinA birUdathI oLakhAtuM hatuM kharo. nAma zatavahana athavA zAtavahana hovAnuM vyAjabI (10-11-12)abhivAnaciMtAmaNI nAme granthamAM che. paNa vahanane badale vAhana zabda joDavo te azuddha " sAta varayNam vAna caca ti=jene vAhananuM zabdaprayoga gaNAya, jethI zatavAhane ke zAtavAhananuM sukha ApavAmAM AvyuM che te sAtavAhana" A artha nAma te vaMzane ApavuM te anucita gaNuAze. eTale (38) jue. ke. A. ke. prastAvanA pU. 42 pAri. zrApha para-53, (39) ja, bo. . . e. se. nyu sIrIjha pu.3 5. para. (40) a. hi. che. trIjI AvRtti 5. 208, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prathama pariccheda ] je eka e sthaLe41 vAhana' zabdavALA ja prayAga TharAvavA prayatna sevAyA che, [bIje paNa kadAca te pramANe thayuM haze. temaja zatavahana te AMdhraprajAne eka aMza che (AgaLa juo trIjA paricchedanI hakIkata) evuM mArA vAMcavAmAM je AvyuM che tenIja gaNunA ahIM mAtra karI che] te keTale darajje vyAjakhI gaNAya. te vicAravuM rahe che. e zabdane| samAsavAcaka zabda na vAparatAM, ekale mhAta zabdane ja prayAga karavA hAya tA, te vazane zrutavahana vaMza ane tenA rAjAone zAta rAjA kahI zakAze. matalaba ke zatavahana te napuMsakaliMga ane zAta te puliMga jAtinA zabda lekhI zakAze. zatavahana vaza (5) zatakaraNa athavA zAtakaraNi pR. 1 upara A vaMza mATe vaparAtA je nAmeAnI nAmAvaLI ApI che temAM 5 muM nAma zAlivAhananuM ane huM huM zatakaraNanuM lakhAyuM che. parantu hakIkatane aMge zatakaraNi vizeSa upayAgI temaja vadhAre mahatva dharAvatA zabda hAvAthI tenI vicAraNA prathama hAtha dharavAnuM ce|gya lAgyuM che. samAsanA paccheda karatAM temAMthI be zabdo nIkaLe che. eka zata ane bIjo kaNa; pachI zatakaraNa hai ke zAtakaraNa hA, te emAMnA bhAvAne laIne, temanA vaMzanA nAma upara kAMI vizeSapUrNa asara thatI nathI. alabatta eTaluM kharUM che ke ApaNe tA jema bane tema je zuddha zabda haiAya tenA ja upayAga karatAM rahevuM joIe. temAM zatane artha se ( hundred ) eTaluM nivivAdita che; ane khIjo zabda je karaNa che tene keTaleka ThekANe kaNinA rUpamAM paNa lIdhA che. jo karaNa hAya te mRkaravuM, te dhAtu; (41) " jaina yuga'' nAmanuM mAsika; savaMta 1955nA mArca-eprIlanA aMka, temAM dakSiNamAM jainadha' nAmane lekha chapAyA che. buddhiprakAza, pu. 82 sane 1934, prathama aH temAM zrIyuta dhaA. munazIjInA kSatrapa samadhI lekha che tyAM temaNe ' zatalahanA' zabda lakhyA che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 13 ane te uparathI karaNa thAya, eTale jeNe kAryo karyA che te. eTale ke je vyaktie amuka prakAranAM seA kAryo kA che tevA purUSa, evA bhAvA thAya; pachI te kAryA (a) kevAM heAvAM joIe (A) athavA teA seAnAM karatAM e pAMca eAchAM vadhAre karyAM hatAM ke krama (I) temaja tevAM kAma karanAra mAtra Adi purUSa ja hatA ane te uparathI tenA vaMzavALAe te sAmAnya nAma-birUda apanAvI lIdhuM hatuM ke (u) zatakaraNa nAma dhAraNa karatI dareka vyakita AvAM parAkrama karyA bAdaja te birUda potAMnA nAma sAthe joDatI hatI; A prakAranA badhA prazno gauNa thaI jAya che. parantu AkhA vaMzamAMthI kAIe paNa jamAnAnuM dhyAna kheMce tevA seA te zuM, paNa tethI e pAMca ochA athavA te tene badale eka sAmaTAM aneka tarIke jene gaNI zakAya, evAM paNa kA kA DhAya tevuM temanAM jIvana caritramAMthI dekhAI AvatuM nathI. eTale karaNi=kAya karanAra tarIkenA bhAvAmAM te zabda yAAyA haiAvAnI vicAraNA cheADI devI rahe che; khIjo zabda kaNuM heAya tA, karNakAna; ane zatakarNa eTale se kAna jene che te; sA kAna, eTale manuSyamAtrane jema khe kAna heAya che tema A purUSane se| jeTalI saMkhyAmAM kAna42 hatA tema nahIM; parantu jenI sevAmAM, rAjakAraNamAM paDelA ane vizvAsapAtra gaNI zakAya tevA, aneka purUSA hAya ke jeo peAtAnAmAM rAjye sthApita karela vizvAsane aMge mahattvapUrNa ane javAbadArI bharelAM kAryA karI zake; AvA vizvAsu mANasA pachI cAhe te moTA hadedArA hAya ke cAhe tA hAdAvinAnA sAmAnya prajAjana heAya. Ane maLatA bhAvArthamAM DaoN, vI. esa. sukhathaMkare43 enelI. (42) "kAdhipati rAvaNane daza mAthA DhAvAnI je ta kathA cAle che te hakIkata sAthe Ane sarakhAve (saMbhava che ke mAthu te ekaja haze, parantu je sa alaMkArA gaLAmAM paherAtA heca temAM paDatAM pratibiMne lIdhe tevA dekhAva anya jonArane lAgatA heAya. ) (43) jIe majakura pusta, pU. 11 ane AgaLa www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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14] zatavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa sIjha opha dhI bhAMDArakara InsTITayuTa nAmanA pustakamAM vAstavika rIte te upanAmane artha "je rAjAne tyAM "On the homes of the so called eka to karI bhare che=jene bAtamI meLavavAnA Andhras=kahevAtA AMdhranA mULa vatana vize" so ThAre che" evo thAya che. zIrSaka nibaMdhamAM vicAro darzAvyA che, tyAM temaNe A pramANe "so dUta athavA bAtamI meLavavAnAM zatakarNane artha=one having hundred ears so dvAra" e ghaTanA keTaleka darajaje zatakaraNinA karyo che, eTale ke A king who has hundred nAmane baMdhabesatI jaNAya che ane te suMdara tathA ears, meaning who has a hundred karNapriya heI AlhAdajanaka paNa kahI zakAya tevI spies to work for him-je rAjavIne so che. paraMtu "karaNi" zabdanI peThe. AvI hakIkata paNa kAna che, arthAta jenI sevAmAM so jeTalI saMkhyAmAM A vaMzanA keAI rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM kayAMya vAMcavAmAM dUta (hamezAM) kAma karavAne tatpara hoya che. eka AvI nathI. jethI hAla to eTaluM ja uccArI zakAze anya graMthakAre paNa A matalabano ja artha sUcavyo ke vyutpatti AdhAre A zabdanA arthane ukela koI hoya ema dekhAya che. alabata temAM temaNe A rIte ANI zakAto nathI. bAkI te zodhakhoLano AMdhraprajAnA kei bhUpatine zatakaraNi nathI jaNAvyA viSaya ja evo ajaba che ke temAM anumAna ane paraMtu eka magadhapatine lagatI te hakIkata che. temanA kalpanAno Azraya lIdhA vinA cAlatuM nathI ja. zabda A pramANe che-A certain Chera king bIjA prakAre vicAra karIe. je "zatavahana' paid a friendly visit to the king of jevA ja bhAvArthamAM "zatakaraNi" zabda vaparAyAnuM Magadh. It gives the name of the mAnavAmAM Ave te A vaMzanA dareke dareka rAjavIne Magadha king on the banks of the te birudathI saMbedhavAmAM kAMI harakata jevuM na ja Ganges as (ahIM tAmila bhASAnA zabdo lakhela lekhAya. paraMtu teoe katarAvelA zilAlekhomAM A che), which would mean "Hundred vastusthiti lakSamAM rAkhIne kAma levAyuM hevAnuM Karnas" and it was a translation of khulatuM nathI. thoDAke e ja zanakaraNi zabda joDayo che. the Sanskrit title of Satakarni. Sans- jyAre "zatavahana" zabda zilAlekhamAM kyAMya va5rAyA krit scholars have however misread najare paDato nathI; eTale ke manaphAve tema kAma levAyuM the name of Satakarni instead of hoya evuM dekhAya che. chatAM A zabdonI vaparAza Satakarni; the epithet evidently mean- mATe eka samAdhAna ema ApI zakAya tema che ke ing "a king who employed hundred vahana zabda, action=kAryane anulakSIne vaparAya che spies" or had one hundred sources of eTale te napuMsakaliga dazeka che ane tethI huM information=keAI cerApati mitrabhAve magadhapatinI pitAno vaMza darzAvavAmAM tene vAparI zake che. jyAre mulAkAte gayA hatA. tenA varNanamAM gaMgAtaTanA te karaNi=kartAne anulakSIne hovAthI puligavAcaka che magadhapatinuM nAma (kaI tAmIla bhASAne zabda ahIM jethI bhUpatie pitAnI jAtanI oLakha mATeja lakhela che) ApyuM che. jeno artha "se karNa" thAya te vAparatA dekhAya. AvI sthitimAM rAjA pitAne che. zatakaraNi (nAmanA) saMskRta birUdane, te anuvAda saMbodhatI vakhate, phalANuM zatakaraNi ema vizeSapaNe che. paraMtu saMskRtabhASAnA paDitAe te zatakaraNi kahI zake. paraMtu jyAM vaMzanuM ja nAma batAvavuM hoya zabdane badale zAtakaraNi zabda vAMcI lIdho che. tyAM zatavahana zabda vApare. matalaba ke rAjA pitAnA (44) je, sa, IM. 5. 120.

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prathama pariccheda ] nAma sAthe khAlI zAtavahana zabda na joDI zake. parantu lANA zatavahanavaMzI ema vizeSaNanA rUpamAM te zabda peAtAnA nAmano pUrve joDI zake; jyAre zatakaraNi zabda te temanA nAmanA eka aMza hAvAthI nAmanI AgaLa ke pAchaLa kAMi paNa pheraphAra vinA paNa lagADI zake che. jo ke vinsenTa smithanA nIcenA zabdopa ceDA ghaNA aMze yacAsthita ane ucita mAnavA jevA che, " The Andhra kings all claimed to belong to the Satavahan family and many of them assumed the title or bore the name of Satakarni. They are consequently referred to by one or other of these designations without mention of the personal name of the monarch etc. etc.-AMdhra prAnA sadhaLA rAjA zatavahana vaMzanA kahevAtA ane temAMnA dhaNAe zatakaraNuinuM nAma athavA teA birUda paNu lagADayuM che. AthI karIne peAtAnuM eka vyaktigata rAjA tarIkenuM nAma uccAryAM sivAya, uparanA emAMthI ekAda upAdhi lagADIne paNa peAtAne saMmeAdhatA dekhAya che. " (TIpaNu ane upAdhi eka sarakhI rIte lagADI nathI zakAtI. zuM bheda rahI zake tenA khulAsA ApaNe uparamAM ApI dIdhA che. bAkI zatavahana te vaMzanuM nAma che ane zatakaraNa te vyaktigata birUda che. eTaluM vAstavika che) jyAre ja. mAM. bre. rA. e. sA. nA vidvAna lekhakanuM 6 vaktavya taddana spaSTa che ke It is wrong to suppose that Satakarni was a family name like Satavahana. The name Satakarni was assumed by some kings of the dynasty=zatavahananI47 peThe zatakaraNa ,, (45) jue a. hi IM trIjI AvRtti pR. 208. (46) jue. majakura pustaka sana 1927ne aMka pu. 81 TI. na. 125. (47) sAtavahanane sthAne kharA rAmda zatavahana joIe, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat rAtavahana vaza [ 15 paNa vaMzanuM nAma che ema dhArI levuM te deSapAtra che. te vaMzanA keTalAka bhrapatie ja zatakaraNanuM nAma dhAraNa karyuM hatuM, temaja ke. hiM. I. mAM pu. 1, pR. 598 upara evA nirdeza karavAmAM AvyA che ke, Following forms are found in various inscriptions, Satakani, Satakani, Sadakarni, Sata, Sata and Satis bhinnabhinna zilAlekhAmAM nIce pramANe zabdonAM rUpAM tarA mAlama paDayAM che, sAta isataNi, sadakana, sAta, sata ane sati (TIppaNa--A rUpAMtaravALA zAmAM kyAMya zatavahana zabda paNa nathI.48 vaLI te emAMthI ekanA kAI vikalpavALA zabdo paNa nathI. eTale spaSTa thAya che ke te rAjAe peAte, uparamAMnA zabdothI ja peAtAne saMkheAdhatA hatA ane te zabdAja temanAM upanAmA hAi zake, anyaSTa zabdo temanA vaMza ke jAtidarzaka hAvA joIe ema A uparathI samajI levuM rahe che.) ( vizeSa TIppaNu--zilAlekhamAM ke sikkAlekhamAM zrutavahana zabda nathI dekhAtA. temAM te mAtra zrutakaraNane maLatA ja zabdo che; temaja zatakaraNanA tathA zatakarNanA artha besAratAM ema jaNAvyuM che ke zata eTale se, evA bhAvArtha yukta karaNa ke kaNi zabda che. A emAMthI eka zabda sAthe te artha ghaTAvI zakAtA nathI. tyAre prazna e udbhave che ke, khuda rAjAoe te je zabda vAparI batAvyA che te zuM khATA ? tema tA anavAyeAgya ja nathI, kemake lakhANanA ja zabdo che, kAMi anumAnika upajAvI kADhelA nathI. eTale eka sthiti kalpI zakAya ke, lakhANunA zabdo UlavAmAMja kayAMya zaratacUka ke bhUlathApa paDI gaI hAya. tenI khAtrI karavA Ama khelavA mATe amAre pAte te sarva jAte nihALI levA joie, paraMtu ame lipivizArada (48) sarakhAvA uparamAM TIkA naM. 27, (49) sarakhAve! uparamAM TI. naM. 9 upara 'zatavahana' zIvALI hakIktanA vAya. tathA pU. 9 ArbhamAMnuM www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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16 ] na hAvAthI te kAma lipino upara ADI daine, te saMbaMdhamAM kAMIka sUcanA karavAnuM ja yAgya dhAryuM che. te nIce pramANe che. zata eTale se|. vaLI A vaMzanI Adi se varSamAM ja thaI che ema nirzaka rIte darzAvAyuM che; tema zatavahananA artha . paNa te svarUpe ja ghaTAvI zakAya che. eTale zatakaraNamAM jema zata ane kR zabdonA samAveza thayela che ane temAMnA ! dhAtu uparathI karaNa ane te bAda karaNa zabda yA^yA che, tema kune badale sa dhAtu hAya to te uparathI prathama saraNa ane te bAda sarrANu zabda nIpajAvI zakAya che; jema vahana eTale vahevuM, gatimAM AvavuM ema thAya che, tema sa uparathI prathama saraNu eTale saravuM, gatimAM AvavuM, thAya che ane sarajI karanAra te saraNi kahevAya. je uparathI se mA varSamAM saraNa karanAra te zatasarrANuM TharAvI zakAya. matalakha kahevAnI e che ke, jema zatakaraNa zabda vAparI zakAya tevI ja rIte A zatasaraNa paNa vAparI zakAya, paraMtu zatakaraNane artha jyAre saMbhALya nathI, tyAre A zatasaraNinA artha yathAyeAgya ane baMdhabesatA thai rahe che. eTale mULa zabda zatasaraNipa. vaparAya hAya paraMtu pAchaLathI aneka kAraNAne laI ne, jema aneka kissAmAM skhalanAe pravezavA pAmI che, tema AmAM pazu banavA pAmyuM hoya; jenA pariNAme te zabda zrutakaraNa vaMcAtA banI gayA haiAya evA anumAna upara javAya che. A anumAna upara javAne bIjuM kAraNa e paNa che ke, jema zatakaraNi zabda tenA thatA arca pramANe akAraNu thai jAya che tema tenA upayega karanAra paNa khATI AtmaprazaMsAmAM utarI jatA dekhAya che, jyAre zatasaraNi zabda, arthamAM temaja upayAgamAM, banne rIte nirAbAdha sthitimAM rahetA jaNAya che. (6) zAlivAhana, zAlavAhana athavA zAlavAna zatavahana vaza jyAM sudhI tapAsa karI zakAya che tyAM sudhI AvuM birUda vaMzanA mAtra ekaja rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM khAsa (50) A zabda zataraNi hAya ke pachI tene ja anusaratA kAI DhAya, te prazna te viSayanA jANa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ aThThama khaDa karIne vaparAtuM najare paDe che. A AkhA vaMzanI nAmAvali hajI sudhI zuddha caSTane bahAra pADavAmAM AvI nathI paraMtu je aneka paurANika granthAnI meLavaNI karIne zrIyuta pATare je trUTita avasthAmAM paNa taiyAra karI batAvI che te tapAsatAM upara pramANe ja sAra nIkaLe che jyAre jaina sAhitya graMthAmAM tA teTalI hade pahoMcavA jevI sthiti paNa rajI karAI dekhAtI nathI. eTale hAla to ApaNe pATara sAheba kRta nAmAvalane ja najara AgaLa rAkhIne kAma levuM paDe che. matalaba e thaI ke, jene rAjA hAla tarIke eLakhAvAyA che tenuM ekalAnuM ja A birUda che. te rAgna hAlane keTalAka zAla paNa kahe che. ane jema A vaMzanA rAjAne zata zabdanI pAchaLa vahana nAmanA pratyaya joDIne tavahana kahevAnI prathA paDI che, tema A sAlanI saMgAthe paNa te zabda joDIne zAlivAhana ke zAlavahana zabda banAvI dIdhA dekhAya che. eTale bhale zAlivAna zabda banI gayA kharA, paraMtu bhUlavuM jotuM nathI ke zatavahana te teA AkhA vaMzanuM nAma che ane te vaMzanA sarva rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM vAparI zakAya che, jyAre A zAlivahana nAma teA mAtra eka rAjA pratye ja vyaktigata rIte vAparavA jevuM banI rahe che. jo ke A hAla rAjA thayA bAda te vaizamAM keTalAka rAjAe thayA che temane varNavatAM keTalAka graMthakAre zAlivAhanavaMzI rAjA tarIke upadeze che, paraMtu tema karatAM kAMi AdhAra ke pramANu batAvAyAnuM dekhAtuM nathI tema sarvathA te zabdane prayoga cAlu ja rakhAyA che ema paNa nathI. ane tema che teA tenA sarvAMdhA aMgikAra karAyAnuM aa mAnavuM ja kayAM rahe che ! eTale ApaNe te prazna upara bahu mAcADamAM utaravA kAraNa nathI. chatAM eka bIjI rIte A zAlivAhana zabda vaparAtA dekhAya che. temAM tene eka saMvatsara tarIke pIchANavAmAM Ave che ane zaka zAlivAhana athavA kAra upADI lye. ane te upara vinati che. prakAza pADe ema www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prathama paricheda ] tavahana vaMza zAlivAhanane zaka, evA svarUpamAM vaparAyA kare che. rAjAnA Azraye, eka samaye je rAjAo paDiyA A zaka saMvatsaravizenI keTalIka samajUti ApaNe tarIke hoya che tene teja rAjAo hamezAM khaMDiyA tarIke 5. 4 mAM pRSTha 95 ane AgaLa upara varNavI gayA rahetA ja nathI. have jo A niyamAnusAra uparamAM chIe. vaLI je kAMI vizeSa sUcavavA jevuM che te rAjA jaNAvela be arthomAMthI bIjo artha laIe te hAlanA jIvanane sparzatuM hovAthI tenA vRttAMtamAM bhatyAH zabdomAM aneka vyaktio AvI jAya, temaja jaNAvavAmAM Avaze eTale atre te paratve mauna ja aneka prakAranI paristhitinuM sUcana temAM karAI jatuM sevIzuM. kahevAya.1 ane AvI sthitinA prayogo itihAsamAM (7) aMdhatya athavA AMdhrabhUtya AlekhAyAnuM jaNAyuM nathI. eTale e sAra upara A samuhazabdanI vyutpatti karatAM, be zabdo AvavuM rahe che ke mutya zabdano prayoga hamezAM temAMthI chuTA paDe che. aMdha athavA AMdha ane tya; pahelA arthamAM ja karAto Avyo che joIe. jethI samAsanI rUIe temane be prakArano artha nIpajAvI aMdhabharyo eTale AMdhraprajAno rAjA, te pite ja zakAya che. temane tatvArthasamAsa gaNIe to "aMdhaH anya koI sArvabhauma sattAnA Azraye hatA e eva bhatyaH " lekhAya eTale ke aMdha (jAti, vaMza bhAvArtha thayo kahevAya. ke deza je kahe te) ke AMdhra prajAno je rAjA te pote ja bIjI rIte vicAratAM paNa A sthiti ja vadhAre anya bhUpatine bhatya eTale sevaka; arthAta khaMDiyo baMdhabesatI manAya che. ApaNane kahevAmAM AvyuM che rAjA heya. (2) ane bahuvIhisamAsamAM je tene ke pUrvanA samaye gaNarAjya paddhati hatI te kALe laIe te "aMdhasyabhraya;" ema lakhavuM rahe; jene rAjAone bhUmiprAptine bahu moha lAgyo nahato. artha evo thAya che. prajAtinA purUSa te rAja jyAre teone koI pradeza upara caDAI karavAne pita, ane tenA hAtha taLenA anya rAjA te teno prasaMge upasthita thatuM tyAre vijetA rAjA, parAjItane tAbedAra athavA khaMDiyo rAjA; matalaba e thaI ke. mulaka kAMI potAnA sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI letA nahi. samAsanA artha pramANe, AMdhrapati pote ja paNa parAjItane potAnA bhatya tarIke-khariyA tarIke sevAka thaze jyAre bIjA samAsa pramANe AMdhrapati te pitAnI AmnAyamAM che eTaluM kabUla karAvIne tenA ne tyAM anya rAjA sevaka thayo kahevAya. te zabda mULa pradeza upara zAsana karato ja mUkI devAmAM vAparanAre kayo Azaya lakSamAM rAkhyo hovo joie Avate. eTale eka rAja eka kALe eka sArvabhAmanI te ApaNe tapAsIe. sattAmAM hoya ane bIje kALe vaLI bIjAnI itihAsane kahe ke samasta vizvane kahe, paNa sattAmAM cAlyo jAya che, te sArvama sattAnI eka evo niyama gaNAya che ke sarvadA ekane eka pherabadalI pramANe temanA nAmanI paNa pherabadalI karyA sthiti koInI rahetI nathI. eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke karavI paDe ane pelA Azrita rAjAnI sAthe koInI rAjasattA avicaLa rahI paNa nathI, rahetI vAraMvAra joDavAmAM AvatA zabdo paNa aneka thaI nathI ane rahevAnI paNa nathI; jethI eka sArvabhauma paDe. pachI te AvA aneka zabdo joDavAthI te (51) nIce naM. 5ra juo chatAM temane naMdabhUtya, koie mauryabhRtya, ke vyaktigata nAma sAthe (52) AgaLa upara "prabhUtya"nI samajUtI ApatAM bhUtya zabda joDI caMdraguptabhratya, biMdusArabhUtya, I. thI sAbita karavAmAM Avaze ke, A AMdhrapatio judA judA saMbedhyA nathI [pu. 2 sikkA naM 70. TI. naM 145 sarakhA] samaye, naMda ane mauryavaMzI rAjAo jevA ke mahAnada, tethI spaSTa thAya che ke aneka prakAranI sthiti pravatI gayela caMdragupta, biMdasAra, priyadarina I. ne tAbe hatA. khaMDiyA hatA hovA chatAM upara jaNAvyA pramANe to zabda vaparAyA ja nathI.

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18 ] Azrita vyakitane ALakhavI paNa bhAre paDe, temaja RtihAsamAM paNa aneka prakAranI gUMcavaNo ubhI thayA kare. eTale A banne prakAranI viSamatA TALavAne sUtara mArga e ja kahevAya ke, parAjIta rAjAnA nAmanI sAtheja nRtya zabda lagAMveA; eTale rAjakAraNanI dRSTie tenuM sUcana paNa thaI gayuM kahevAya temaja vijetAne teA peAtAnA nAmanI ke kArtinI kAMI paDhI ja naheAtI jethI tenA nAmaneA nirdeza karAvavAnI AvazyakatA paNa rahI na kahevAya. paraMtu jyAre te Adhina-parAjIta rAjA svataMtra cai jAya tyAre pele| nRtya nAmanA zabda ja kADhI nAMkhavAmAM Ave. eTale tenI palaTAyalI rAjakIya avasthA tarata parakhAI jatI gaNuAya. A pramANenI sthiti sikkAcitro uparathIpaka paNa samajI zakAya che ane teja sthitine atyArasudhI pragaTa thayelA ane itihAsamAM noMdhAyelA rAjAonAM vRttAMta uparathI paNa samarthana maLatuM dekhAya che. eTale ApaNe tene svIkArI laI, pahelA samAsa pramANe nRtya zabdane artha niSpanna thatA gaNI tene kabUla rAkhavA rahe che. AnA dRSTAMta tarIke ApaNe zuMgabhRtya (jIe pu. 3 mAM) rAjAnuM vRttAMta TAMkI batAvIzuM. temaja A dravaMzIonA keTalAkanuM jIvanavarNana AgaLa upara karavAmAM Avaze te uparathI khAtrI baMdhAze, rAtavahana 12 vadhAre spaSTIkaraNa karavAnI jarUra jaNAya te| kahIe ke, bhRtya eTale sevaka, evA artha levAthI te peAte kAika anya sarvopari sattAne tAme hatA ema sUcana thayuM kahevAya; khIjuM, tAmedAra heAvAnI sthiti te kAMI kAI vaMzanA ke dezanA dareka rAjAnA manazIkhe nirmANu thayelI na ja haiAya, eTale AkhA vaMzanA je ekaMdara rAjA heya temAMthI amuka tAbedAra ke khaMDiyA hAI potAne "bhRtya" lakhI zake, paraMtu (53) jIe pu. 2mAM sikAcitrAnI samazrutI, savaLI avaLI bAju upara zA mATe te kotaravAmAM AvatAM hatAM tenAM kAraNa. (54) nadI jIvI sAthI A sakhyA che, sAta temaja Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ aThThama khaMDa je taddana svataMtra haiAya te te te zabdanA tyAga kare tAtparya e thayA ke jema zatavahana ane zatakaraNi zabda te vaMzanA samarata rAjAe mATe yAjI zakAya tema che, tevI sthitimAM AMdhrabhRtya zabda nathI. tenA upayAga mAtra parimita pramANamAM ja karI zakAya teve che. kayA rAjA bhRtya hatA tenuM varNana ke khyAla ApavAnuM atra Avazyaka nathI. te te AgaLa upara 'AMdhrabhRtyAH"nA zIrSaka taLe temaja pRthak pRthak rAjAnuM varNana karatI vakhate joi zakAze. chatAM atre eTaluM te jaNAvI zakAya ke, je samaye A vaMzanI utpatti thaI te samaye gaNarAjya taMtranI sthiti pravartatI hatI. tethI karIne sArvabhauma sattA tA mAtra nAmane ja adhikAra bhogavatI hatI. A sthitimAMthI pheraphAra karIne caMdraguptamauryanA mukhya maMtrI paMDita cAkSuSya, kendrita rAjyatva sthApana karavAnA krADa sevyA hatA. te potAnA prayAsamAM keTaleka aMze phaLIbhUta pazu thayA hatA. parantu moTAM meTAM rAjyA te navIna caiAjanAnA amalamAM sapaDAyAM naheAtAM. eTale caMdraguptanA samayathI e prakAranI rAjyavyavasthA cAlu thaI hatI. A sthiti haiThe mahArAjA priyadarzinanA aMta sudhI nathI rahI hatI. te bAda maurya sAmrAjyanI paDatI thavA mAMDI te sAthe akendrita rAjyatvanA nAza thaye| ane kendrita vyavasthAnA pAyA majabUta thatA gayA. eTale mahArAjA priyadarzananA maraNu paryaMta--A vaMzamAM paNa nRtyatva rahyuM hatuM ane pachI te taddana svataMtra banavA pAmyA hatA. A gaNutrIe ma. sa. 290=I. sa. pU. 237mAM samrATa priyadarzinanuM maraNu thayuM tyAMsudhImAM zrutavahanavaMzanA cha bhUpati54 thaI gayA hatA ane sAtamAnA rAjaamalanA moTA bhAga vyatIta thaI gayA hatA. eTale AdinA sAta rAjAmAMthI hajI kAIne aMprabhRtya tarIkepa soASAvavAnI dezanI paNa kahI zakrAya tema che para Mtu A khAbata AgaLa upara carcAvAmAM Avaro. (55) juo AgaLa upara tenuM vana. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prathama pariccheda ]. rAtavahana verA kamanazIbI vahoravI paDe. vaLI A AMdhraprajAno karatA hatA athavA te prajAnI IcchAnI avagaNanA ka, sArvabhauma avaMtipati maurya samrATanA rAja. karato hato? matalaba kahevAnI e che. Avo artha pATathI dUra Avela hatuM eTale priyadarzinanA maraNa barAbara baMdhabesato nathI. e te jema keI rAjA bAda tarata ja teo svAdhInatA meLavavAmAM phatehamaMda pitAnuM nAma "chatAri' kahevarAve chatAM heya Darapoka nIvaDayA hatA jyAre zaMgavaMzI puSyamitra to pada ane rakaNa. tenI peThe thayuM. mATe te artha amane mauryasamrATanI nokarImAM ja gUMthAyo hato eTale tene barAbara lAgatuM nathI. svataMtra thavAne lagabhaga traNa dazakA sudhI rAha jovI uparanuM spaSTIkaraNa thavAthI, zuMgabhUtya ane DI hatI. jethI AMdhrabhUtya zabdanI lumi thayA bAda AMdhrabhAtyane bhAvArtha have barAbara samajI javAyo lagabhaga 32 varSe zuMgavaMzI rAjAone zIrathI bhUtyanuM haze. chatAM eka lekhake, prabhUtyane je artha bahukalaMka bhUMsAvA pAmyuM hatuM jene samaya ApaNe I. sa. trIhi samAsa tarIke karAya che te grahaNa karyo che ane pU. 20kane TharAvyo che. (juo pR. 7, pR. 404) daSTAMta tarIke jaNAve che ke "The Pallavas amArI samaja pramANe AMdhrabhRtyane artha ame were also called Andhrabhratyas, that upara pramANe samajAvyo che. paNa eka bhAInI sAthe is the servants of the Imperial throne carcA thatAM e khulAso maLyo hato ke, bhatya reigning in the country by name of eTale sevaka; tevA arthamAM te zabda vaparAyo che. eTale Andhra-pallavIjhane 5Nu kahevAya che, prabhutya AMdhraprajAne sevaka: rAjA pote prajAne eTale ke pradezamAM je zAhI sarakAra rAjya sevaka gaNAtA hovAthI prajA upara temanI saMmati pramANe calAvatI hatI tenA teo tAbedAra hatA." temanuM rAja calAvato hato jethI pitAnI ladhutA, viveka, A kathana vicAravA jevuM che. ApaNe to pallava namratA dAkhavavAne ja te zabdaprayoga karAya che. pUrvakALe rAjAonA ItihAsathI vAkephagAra nathI eTale tenI tevI rIte sudAsajevA ghaNuM bhUpatioe tevAM nAmo satyAsatyatA vize kAMI paNa uccAravAnI - pitAnI sAthe joDI batAvyAM che. A khulAso eka sthitimAM nathI ja. rIte kADhI nAMkhavA jevo te nathI ja, chatAM dIrdha - A "aMdhabhUlyA" zabda bAbatamAM eka noMdhavA vicAre te TakI zake tema paNa nathI. kemake, tevI rIte jevI bIne e thaI dekhAya che ke, jainasAhitya graMthamAM te sarva vaMzanA sarva rAjAne bhUlyA kahI zakAya. A zabdaprayoga kayAMya vaparAyo hoya ema jaNAtuM paNa eka be vaMza (zaMga ane AMdha) sivAya koie nathI jyAre paurANika graMthamAM tevuM dekhAya che. eTale te prayoga karI dekhADayo nathI. vaLI temaNe pote ja vidvAnoe "Andhrabhratyas of the tene upayoga karyo hato te te hajue ApaNe Puranas=purANamAMnA AMdhrabhUtyAjha AvA zabdo temanI namratAno svIkAra karI leta. paraMtu A zabdane je vAparyA che te kAMIka hetupUrvaka lakhyA haze ema temane mATe, keTaleya kALe thayela itihAsakAroe ja zuM tyAre samajI levuM? joDI dIdho che. vaLI te vaMzanA sarva rAjAone upasaMhAra sadAkALe te vizeSaNa lagADavAmAM paNa nathI AvyuM. je sAta zabdothI A vaMzane vidvAnoe oLate zuM e phalitArtha uThAve rahe che ke, amuka khAvyo che, te sarvanuM vivecana uparamAM apAI gayuM vakhate te rAjA prajApremI hata-prajAsevaka tarIke che te uparathI nipajatuM pariNAma TUMkamAM nIce rAja karatA hatA ane amuka vakhate prajAne pIDA pramANe kahI zakAze. temaja vAcakavargane paNa have (56) jue ja. . hi. rI. se. pu. 2, bhAga , pa. pa.

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20 ] khyAla AvI jaze ke kayA zabda keTale aMze zuddha vA azuddha che. vaLI A vaMzanuM varNana karavAne tathA keTalIka gU cAneA ukela karavAne te hakIkatamAMthI maLeluM jJAna ApaNune kevuM upayAgI thAya tema che te pazu ApeApa samajI zakAze. zatavahana za [ ma kha (5) zatakaraNi Adi; te pazu Atavahana zabda jevA ja bhAvA kheMce che. parantu phera eTalo che ke zatavahana te vaMzasUcaka che jyAre zatakaraNa te vaMzanA purUSa AzrayI che. . jo ke pAaA bhAvArtha paNu saMpUrNapaNe tevI rajuAta karatA nathI eTale jenavI (1) aMdha--te dezavAcaka che, jenI sImA adyApi sUcanA ApaNe ubhI karI batAvI che te pAchI paryaMta ati anizrita sthitimAM che. 'zrutavahana' nA tatsama zabdarUpe che. (2) AMdhra--jAtivAcaka zabda che. paraMtu samajAya che ke aMdha ane AMdhra khanne zabda IMgrejImAM eka ja rIte (Andhras) lakhAtA temaja khelAtA haiAvAthI gatAnugatipaNe arasaparasa vaparAi rahyA che. (3) zata ane zAta; temanA udbhavane samaya sUcavatA te zabdo che. (4) zatavahana smAdi zabdo--temanA udbhavanA samaya uparathI paDela temanA vaMzanuM nAma batAve che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (6) aMdrabhRtya-keTalAkA te zabdane samasta vaMzanA purUSAne AzrayIne vAparatA jAya. che. paraMtu vAstavika rIte AdinA cha-sAta athavA khIjI eka apekSAthI daza purUSA mATenA ja te zabda che; teTale darajanTe tenA vaparAza parimitakSetrI che. (7) zAlivAhana-A zabda / uparanA naM. 6 karatAM paNa vizeSa parimitabhAva sUcaka che ane te kevaLa eka ja vyaktine nirdeza karatA jaNAya che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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-1 ) ( 1 ))) A = che ke kAkA ne - - dvitIya pariccheda zatavahanavaMza athavA zAtavaMza (cAlu) kasAra-bhAratIya te zuM, paraMtu sarvadezIya ItihAsamAM pa, sattA-samayanI daSTie prathama pada bhegavanAra A zatavahanavaMzanI adyatana anizcita mAlUma paDelI sthitithI batAvela zoca- te bAda tenA samayanI Adi ane aMtane tAga lAvavA batAvelI kezISa- chevaTe vividha dRSTie nakkI karela temane samaya ane rAjAonI saMkhyA-te pratyekanA samayanI vigatenI lIdhela bArika tapAsa ane temanI batAvelI satyatA temaja rAjAonA traNa vibhAgo pADI-AMdhrabhUtyA, AMdhrapatie ane zaka rAjAo- darekamAM karavA yogya marAmatanI dalIlapUrvaka batAvelI sUci tathA te AdhAre goThavI ApelA rAjAonAM nAma ane rAjyakALa; chevaTe ubhI karI ApelI AkhAye vazanI vaMzAvaLI- Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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22 ] zatavahana vaMzane samaya [ aSTama khaMDa. zatavahana vaMza (cAlu). kAI paNa pustakamAM noMdhAyelI upalabdha thatI ja nathI. cAra sadhImAM cAra pattA Age A prAcIna haju A saMbaMdhamAM je kAMI thoDI ghaNI saMtoSa levA bhAratavarSane aMge lakhI cUkayA chIe. temAM Azare jevI sthiti mAlama paDe che te e ja ke, A vaMzanA 18thI 20 vaMzanuM varNana Apa keTalAka rAjAonA zilAlekho tathA sikkAo maLI teno samaya vAmAM AvyuM che. temAM sauthI che te zAthI Ave che, ke jeno Azraya laIne temane aMge prApta Avi che, ke jenA A nAnAmAM nAno avaMtipati zaka thatI anya truTaka hakIkatone vyavasthita banAvavA rAjAone rAjavaMza cAlo samajAya che; jene samaya prayAsa uThAvavA hoya te uThAvI zakAya tema che. temAM mAtra cha-NA varSane che, jyAre dIrdha samayamAM cArake keTale darajaje saphaLa thAya che te nirALe prazna che. pAMca vaMza lagabhaga ekabIjAnI aDoaDa AvIne paraMtu kudaratano niyama che ke, je prayatna karavAmAM ubhA rahe che, jemake kezaLapatine, vatsapatino, Ave to, bhale pahelIvAre ekadama suMdara pariNAma ane zizunAgavaMzIo ke jeo magadhapati hatA temano; upajAvI na zakAya, paraMtu pahelIvAra jeTalA aMze A traNe vaMza 730 thI 340 varSa sudhI potapotAnA te vece pahoMcI zakAyuM hoya, tene avalaMbIne karIne pradezamAM hakumata upara rahyA hatA. temaja cakaNuvaMzI AgaLa mahenata karavAmAM Ave to te dizAmAM vizeSa avaMtipatioe paNa lagabhaga teTalo ja samaya ne vizeSa pragati jarura sAdhI zakAze; ane ema adhikAra bhogavyuM che, paraMtu haju sudhI koI paNa ke karatAM ekadA te kArya saMpUrNatAnI hade pahoMcI jaze ja. vize 350 varSa sudhI rAjavahIvaTa calAvyo hovAnuM A niyama dhyAnamAM rAkhIne ApaNe paNa ApaNe nedhAyuM nathI. jyAre A zatavahanavaMza jenuM vRttAMta adanA prayAsa A kAryamAM Adara rahe che. lakhavAne ApaNe hAla udAma sevI rahyA chIe, te prathama ApaNe temanA samaya vizene mo hAtha 350 varSa to zuM. paraMtu tethI paNa lagabhaga bevaDa dharIzuM. samaya paratve be bInA zodhavI paDaze. eka samaya sudhI rAjyAdhikAra bhogavavA bhAgyazALI nIvaDayo vInA araja vAno AraMbha kALa ane bIje temanA aMtane samaya. che. eTale saMdeharahita ema kahI zakAze ke ApaNe prathama temanA AraMbhakALanI tapAsa karIe. A ALekhavA dhArela eka hajAra varSanA kALamAM je koI vaMzanA Adi purUSa tarIke rAjA zrImukhane sarva lekhakoe paNu vaMze dIrdhamAM dIrgha kALaparyata rAjasattA bhogavI ane itihAsakAroe lekhavyo che teTale aMze hoya te kevaLa A AMdhavazaja che. eTaluM ja nahi va ekamata che. paraMtu tenA samaya vize ghaNe mataphera paNa. aApiparyata sarva pradezanA itihAsamAM je je dekhAya che. keTalAke,-baje kahe ke moTAbhAge-tene rAjavaMze nedhAyelA dekhAya che te sarvemAM paNa A zata zaMgavaMzI puSyamitrane samakAlIna TherAvIne tenA vaMzanI vahana vaMzane naMbara, ekadama prathama ja Avato jaNAya sthApanA I. sa. pUnA bIjA saikAmAM nakkI kare che che. chatAMye dilagIrI upaje tevI bInA e che ke, chatAMye varSanuM nakakIpaNuM te batAvatA nathI ja, jyAre tenA samayanI ke tenA rAjAonAM nAmonI ke temanA keTalAka zaMkAzIla hAIne jaNAve che ke, "with anakamanI ke temanI ekaMdara saMkhyAnI ke temanA regard to the Andhras, the more pratyenA rAjakALanI gokasa ane vizvasanIya mAhitI certain evidence of inscriptions assigns (1) A viSayanI keTalIka chaNAvaTa pu. 3mAM puSyamitrana nahIM, paraMtu zrImukhane samaya to puSamitranI pUrve lagabhaga vRttAte tathA pu. 4mAM rAja khAravelanA vRttAte aneka dalIlo be aDhI sadI upara che. ApIne karI batAvI che. aMte sAbita karyuM che ke, pukha- (2) ke. hi, IM. 5. 522. mitra ane rAjA bhImukha kadApi samasamayI hatA ja Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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hitIya paricacheda ] zatavahana vaMzane samaya [ 23 them to a period which is in flagrant mAnyatA vizenA-pAyAnuM caNatara ja jyAM khasI contradiction to the position which jAya che, tyAM pachI te upara bAMdhela sarve anumAnarUpI they occupy in the Puranas=zilAlekhI imArata paNa DagamagI jAya te dekhItuM ja che. A karAvo je vadhAre cokkasa gaNAya che, te AMdhranI saMbaMdhamAM have vizeSa uhApoha na karatAM eTaluM ja bAbatamAM evo samaya batAve che ke je sthiti-samaya jaNAvIzuM ke pu. 4mAM rAjA khAravelanA 2 jyAraMbhanA temanA mATe purANamAM AlekhAyAM che tenAthI ekadama samayane nirNaya je ApaNe ma. sa. 90. sa. pU. viraha janArAM che." matalaba ke, purANonI hakIkatene 429mAM karI batAvyo che tathA jeno ja AdhAra laIne. AdhAre je samaya, vidvAnoe goThavyo che te hAthIguphAmAM darzAvela samayaaMtaranI gaNatrIthI rAjane samaya temanA ja zilAlekhAne AdhAre goThavAtA zrImukhane samaya eTale ke tenA vaMzanI Adi-ma. e. samayanI sAthe leza paNa baMdha besato nathI. 100=I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM TharAvI che, te taddana satya amAre pitAnuM ema mAnavuM thAya che ke, purANAnI che tathA saMdeharahita che ema hAla to mAnavuM ja hakIkata to sAcI ja che paraMtu temAMthI tArI kaDhAto raheze. vaLI A so nA khAMka uparathI temanA vaMzane samaya ja khoTo che; vAstavika rIte purANanI ane nAma kema zatavahana pADavAmAM AvyuM che tathA temane zilAlekhanI hakIkata to eka ja sthiti darzAve che, zA mATe "zAta rAjAo' kahIne saMbodhAya che. te sarva ekabIjAnA samarthanarUpa che. paraMtu purANamAMnI je sthiti AgaLanA paricachede spaSTatApUrvaka jaNAvI hakIkatane mULapAyA tarIke svIkArIne teo AgaLa dIdhI che. eTale have te vize jarAe zaMkA uThAvavA vadhavA mAyA che te mULa pAyAnA svIkAramAM ja temanI jevuM rahetuM ja nathI; jethI temanA vaMzanI Adine calatI thayelI che ane tethI ja teone sarva hakIkatamAM samaya nizcita thaI gayo kahevAze. have te vaMzanA asama najare paDatuM jaNAya che. eTale sAro rasto e aMtanA samayane vicAra karIzuM. ' kahevAya che. purAno doSa kADhavA karatAM temaNe pote ja " DAinesTIjha eNka dhI kali eIja" nAme pote maLa pAyA vizeno nirNaya bAMdhavAmAM kAMI khalanA karI lakhela pustakamAM (juo tenAM pR. 36 tathA 71) mi. che kema, tenI tapAsa prathama khAsa karIne hAtha dharavAne pAchaTare je aneka paurANika graMthanuM pAte saMzAdhana prAraMbha kare. amAruM A kathana rAjA khAravelanA hAthI- karyuM che. tene AdhAra TAMkIne sAra rUpe pite jaNAve che saMtAnA lekhavALA magadhapati bahaspatimitra ke jene ke A vaMzanA 30 rAjA thayA che tathA temane ekaMdara teoe rAjA puSyamitra dhArI lIdho che tene aMge cAya rAjyakALa 46 varSane kahevAya che. majakura abhiche. A muddo khUba jhINavaTathI lagabhaga be Dajhana prAyane samarthana ApatAM, ke. hi. I. lekhake pR. 18 dalIlo ApIne ame pu. 4mAM pU. 252 thI 266 upara jaNAvyuM che ke, A dynasty of 30 kings sudhImAM cha che tathA te bAda pazu je be cAra who ruled over Magadh during a sthAne A hakIkatane puSTi maLatI dekhAI che tyAM te period of 460 years=jemaNe 460 varSa jeTalo vize isAra karI batAvyo che. eTale have siddha thayuM kALa magadha upara rAjya karyuM che tevA 30 rAjAonA gaNAze ke rAjA puSyamitra ane magadhapati bRhaspati- vaMza"; eTale ke mi. pAchaTaranirNita 460 varSanA mitra kapi eka hoI zake tema che ja nahIM. ane tema samayane temaNe kabalo te che ja; uparAMta vizeSamAM nathI eTale te ene- zrImukha ane puSyamitrane-samakAlIna umeryuM che ke, A rAjAonI hakamata magadha deza upara. lakhI zakAya tema paNa nathI. A pramANe temanA kathananI hatI. (jo ke te vize temaNe AdhArane nirdeza karyo () 1 varSamAM sarvasamaya pata tenI hakumata hatI ke amuka varSa pUratI ja hatI te je te spaSTapaNe temAMthI samaja

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24] nathI eTale teTalA bhAga mAnI levAne ApaNuM aMtaHkaraNa acakAze kharUM). tevI ja rIte anya samaO itihAsakAra mi. vinsenTa smitha (jIe 3jI AvRtti mAM rR. 212) paNa jaNAve che ke According to Paranas the dynasty lastsd for 450-56-60 years=purANagraMthA pramANe A vaMza 450-56-60 varSa paryaMta cAlyeA che. vaLI eka anya sthAne (jIe eziyATIka rIsarcIjha pu. 9, pR. 100) paNa te ja matalakhanuM lakhANa che. It lasted 456 to 458 years=te (va*za) 456 thI 458 varSa sudhI cAlyo che. A pramANe A cAre vidyAnA te vaMzanA eka dara rAjyakALa 450thI 460 jaNAvI rahyA che.' jyAre mi. pAITare te vaMzanA pRthak pRthak rAjAeAnAM nAmeA tathA temanA rAjyakALanA je AMkaDA UtAryA che tenA saravALA karatAM te te samaya 363 varSanA ja thAya che. A viSayanI carcA, ja. khAM. chuM. ra|. e. sA. 1927nI sAlanA, pu. 3, bhAga ramAM, kronAlAjI khAi ema. DamAM tathA ja. bi. A. rI. sA. pu. 3 5, 246thI 262 sudhImAM karAI hAya ema dekhAya che, paraMtu darekamAM meLa khAtA nathI. krAimAM nAmanA pheraphArA najare paDe che teA vaLI kAinA kramamAM phera dekhAya che, te| vaLI krAImAM pratyekanA rAjakALanA samayamAM phera paDe che. A pramANe dareka rIte gUthaNA mAlama paDe che. eTale ke A kAya vizeSa kaThIna hAya, ema upara Tapake jotAM zatavahana vazanA samaya [ aSTama khaDa pazu tarI Ave che. chatAM dhIrajathI jo tapAsa karAya teA tenA ukela hAtha lAgI jAya pazu kharI. upara jaNAvela vidvAnAe saMmati darzAvela 460 varSanA samayane jo ApaNe svIkArI laie te, tenA AraMbhakALanA samayane I. sa. pU. 427 tA (upara jue) TharAvatAM, A vaMzane aMta I. sa. pU. 427 + 460=I. sa. 37nA arasAmAM AbyA . mAnave rahe che. paraMtu temanA zilAlekhA ane sikkAo jotAM teA, A upara darzAvela I. sa. 33tA AMka kayAMnA kayAMya pAchaLa paDI jatA dekhAya che. eTale evA anumAna upara javuM rahe che ke, jema aneka khAkhatAmAM banatuM AvyuM che tema, purANukArAnuM kathana tA sAcuja haze paraMtu temanA kathananuM dRSTibiMdu ApaNane samajAyuM na heAvAthI, kaIrIte tenI gaNatrI levI tenA pattA lagAvI zakatA nathI. eTale hAla tA te khAkhata mulatavI rAkhavI ThIka paDaze. nathI para`tu temaNe magadhapati tarIke rAjya kyuM che eTaluM teA teo cAkkasapaNe jaNAve che ja. (zA AdhAre A kathana uccArAyuM che tenA nirdeza karyo nathI). (4) A aMkanI sAOtA kaI rIte vyAjabI kare tema che te bAbata AgaLa upara lakhIzuM. (19 rAja vizenI hakIkata juo). kA. AM. . pR. 25, pArI. 32-Statements contained in the Matsya-puran are remarkably in accordance with the facts as known from other sources. The Matsya gives the total period of the dynasty as 460 years and emu Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat dakSiNa hiMdanA itihAsanA eka viziSTa abhyAsI ane graMthakartAe, peAtAnA vicArapa A khAkhatamAM jaNAvatAM lakhyuM che ke " On the decline (not the end) of Andhra Dynasty about the year 302 A. D., for there is a coin of a Satvahan king bearing that date=i. sa. 302nI AsapAsa, kemake te tArIkhavALA satavahanavaMzI rAjAne sikkA maLe che, AMdhra vaMzanI paDatI6 (aMta nahIM) thavAthI " eTale temanuM merates 29 kings=matsyapurANanAM thane, anya sAdhane dvArA prakAzita hakIkatane ghaNAM ja maLatAM Ave che. matsyapurANamAM A vaMza ekaMdare 460 varSa cAlyAnuM ane temAM 29 rAna thayAnuM jaNAve che. (5) jue jai. sa. i. pu. 2, pR. 76. (6) paDatI dazA eTale lagabhaga tenA ataja samajAya kemake paDatI dazA eTale khaDiyApaNuM temaja mahattvatAnI nistejatA; enA artha te| chA na jIvyA te badhuM ja sarakhuM gaNAya che. eTale mULa zabda ' paDatI haiAvA chatAM tenA anuvAdamAM meM (atazabda) jevA bhASA batAvyA che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvitIya pariccheda ] O kahevuM ema che ke, zatavahanavaMzI rAjAnA krAi sikko OM i. sa. 302 sudhInA maLI AvyeA che jethI mAnavuM rahe che ke tyAM sudhI te te vaMzanI haiyAtI hatI ja. I. sa. 302 pachI A vaMza khatama thai gayA gaNAya. A hisAme tenA aMta=ma. saM. 127+302=829 mAM thayA jaNAze ane tenI Adi ma. saM. 100mAM thayela che jethI AkhA vaMzane sattAsamaya lagabhaga 829-100 =729 varSanA gaNavA paDaze. kayAM purANukAranA 460 varSa te vaMza cAlo heAvAnA mata ane kayAM A 729 varSa sudhI cAlyAne mata? chatAM jo A pramANe vastusthiti hAya tA, jarUra sikkAI purAvAthI kAi vizeSa majabUta AdhAra gaNAtA na heAvAne kAraNe ApaNe tene mAnya rAkhavI paDaze paraMtu te mahAzaye te sikkAnuM nAma temaja temAM kaI sAla asala akSarAmAM jaNAvela che, te muddA upara prakAza pADela na hAvAthI, temane maLatA thavAmAM gheADIka saMkrAca bhAgavavA paDe che. jyAre khIjI tarapha sikkAnA AdhAre caRNuvaMzI kSatrapAnA itihAsa paratve ApaNe jANI zakayA chIe ke te samayanA AMdhravaMzI bhUpatine saurASTra tathA gujarAtamAM harAvIne avatipati caNe i. sa. 141-2mAM tenI patInI Adi karI che. vaLa" kALe karIne A caRNuvaMzI kSatrapamAMnA AThamA dAmasena ane navamA yo| dAmananA rAjyakALa vaccenA i. sa. 261 thI 264 sudhInA (jIe pu. 3, pR. 383) traNa varSanA gALAmAM, dakSiNa hiMdanA temanA sUbA Izvaradatta Abhire svataMtra khanI peAtAnA traikUTakavaMzanI sthApanA karI che ane AMdhrapatiene vizeSa dakSiNamAM hAMkI kADhayA che. A Izvaradatte ja temane hAMkI kADhayA che ke te pahelAMthI (7) jIe pu. 4, pR. 16 tathA pu. 3, pR. 405 pachI cADeluM kASTaka; temAM khIjuM Asana pAzcAtya kSetrapeAnuM ane pAMcamuM Asana AMdhrapatinuM che, temAM sIdhI lITI dorIne samagra paratvenI tulanA karI batAvI che te juo. zatavahana vaza (8) nIcenI TIkA na. 11 jue, (9) e A 143 mAMthI AMdhranI paDatIne samaya je Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 25 theADAMka varSe temane mahArASTranA mUlaka khAlI karI javA paDayA hatA te anizrita che. paraMtu vizeSa sattAvAr anya pramANa na maLI rahe tyAM sudhI mAnavuM rahe che ke A Izvaradatte ja temane dUra haTAvI dIdhA hatA. matalaba ke, je AMdhrapatine I. sa. 147 mAM caNe gujarAta khAlI karAvarAvyuM hatuM te ja caNukSatrapanA eka saradAre, pAchA temane pIche pakaDIne cha sa. 261mAM vizeSa dakSiNamAM tuMgabhadrAnadI taTe vijayanagaramAM haThI javAnI pharaja pADI hatI. sAra e thayeA ke AMdhravaMzanI paDatI i. sa. 161 sudhI cAlu rahI hatI. ane I. sa. 261=ma. saM. para7+261=788 gaNAya; vaLI temanI Adi ma. saM. 100mAM thayAnuM noMdhAyuM che. te hisAbe temanA sattAkALa ekadare 788-100 =688 varSane kahI zakAze. ApaNI gaNatrI A pramANe thAya che. paraMtu purANakAre darzAvela mata jo kabUla rAkhIe te| temanA kathana pramANe te AMdravaMza 456thI 460 varSa cAlu rahyo gaNAyA che.10 vaLI ApaNane jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke purANAmAM AMdhrabhRtyA ane AMdhrapati evA e zabda prayAgA vaparAyA che, temAMnA AMdrabhRtyAnuM birUda (jue uparamAM pR. 20) samrATa priyadarzinanA maraNu khAda (i. sa. pU. 235) eka rIte te baMdha thayuM che, chatAMye je AMdhrapati samrATa priyadarzinanA maraNa samaye gAdI upara hatA tenuM maraNu i. sa. pU. 224mAM thayuM che (jIe vaMzAvaLI AgaLa upara ). eTale vyavahAru rIte te rAjAnA maraNu bAda ja svataMtra AMdhrapatie thayA gaNAya. have jo AMdhrapationeA rAjyakALa 460 gaNIe te| i. sa. pU. 224mAM 460 umeratAM I. sa. 236 gaNI zakAya tene ja, purANakAroe aMtanA samaya gaNyA hAya tA, I. sa. pU. 427thI mAMDIne te 570 varSa cAlyA gaNAze ane vAravAra AMkaDAonI thatI galatI je prAcIna tihAsamAM najare paDe che tevA akasmAta A hakIkate paNa thavA pAmyA hAya te! kadAca 570 ne sthAne 470 noMdhAI gayA hAya! zuM A pramANe banavA yAgya che ! (10) jIe uparanI TIkA naM. 9, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI [ aSTama khaMDa supa cA kahevAze, jyAre uparamAM te ApaNe karavAmAM, prathamamAM prathama suvyavasthita kheDANa je ne I. sa. 261 sudhI cAlyo hovAnuM anumAna keIe karyuM hoya, to te mi. pAITara che. temaNe potAnA dezAvyuM che. paraMtu sAthe sAthe ema jaNAvI dIdhuM che 'DAIneTIjha opha dhI kalI eIjIjhamAM, pR. 36 tathA ke Izvaradatte temane hAMkI kAyA te pUrve 1 temane 71-72 upara, aneka purANenI hastalikhita pratA mahArASTra khAlI karavuM paDayuM hatuM ke kema te anizcita meLavIne pravezI rAjAonI vaMzAvaLI upajAvI che. eTale purANakAranuM kathana-temanA kathananuM daSTi kADhI che. temaja ke. A. re.nA kartA Do. resane biMdu satya tarIke svIkAravA samajavA mATe apranTa ane mi. vinsenTa smithe paNa, A dizAmAM ThIkaThIka patinuM chevaTa I. sa. 206mAM laI javuM rahe che ane prayatna karyA che. chatAM amArI najare temAM aneka sudhArA nizcitapaNe ema mAnavuM paDaze ke apravezanA aMta sucavavAne sthAna raheluM najare paDe che. kyAM kyAM te tene badale kaho ke patI-sAthe Izvaradatta Abhara mATe avakAza che te medhama jaNAvavA karatAM prathama patine saMbaMdha je ko che te kadAca barAbara haze. temaNe karelA nirNayanI ApaNe noMdha laIe ane AkhIye carcAne sAra e nIkaLyo ke, zatavahana tenuM avalaMbana laI temAM karavA joItA sudhArA mATe vaMzano prAraMbha ma. sa. 100I. sa. pU. 4ra7 mAM dalIlapUrvaka sUcanAo raju karIe. temaNe je vaMzAane tene aMta I. sa. ra61 mAM Avyo che eTale vaLI tAravI kADhI che te kicita pheraphAra sAthe (bIjA tane sattAkALa jharamara616812 varSa laMbAya che. vidvAnonA maMtavyanI meLavaNI karIne) A pramANe chevaLI AkhAye zatavAhana vaMzanA be vibhAga pADavAmAM AMka nAma varSa | AMka nAma varSa AvyA che. pahelA vibhAga AMdhrabhayI tarIke che. () zrImakha 23 | (11) skaMdasvAti che, tene rAjyakALa 23 varSane ane bIje vibhAga (2) kRSNa 10 (12) mareMdra (mRgeMdra AMdhrapatino, tene 460 athavA 485 varSanA che. (3) zrI sAtakaNuM ( svAtikarNa) . jyAM sarva kAMI aMdhArAmAM hoya tyAM game tevo ' (zrI makSika) 10. (13) kuMtala (kuMtala prayatna karAya chatAM ekadama phaLIbhUta thavAtuM nathI. tema (4) pUNesaMga 18 zAtakaraNi) 8 saMzodhana kArya ja evuM che ke, (5) skaMdhastaMbhI 18 | (14) svAtivarNa 1 temanI saMkhyA, dhImedhIme ekane eka bAbatamAM (6) zAtakaraNi 56 (15 pulamAvi nAmAvalI tathA maMDyA rahIe te kALa jatAM, (7) laMbodara 18 (padumAna) 36 rAjyakALa kArya game tevuM kaparuM heya te (8) Apilika (16) ariSTAkarNa 25 tene ukela AvI jAya che ja. (divilaka) 12 (17) hAla 5 eTale ApaNe paNa dhIrajathI AgaLa vadhavuM rahe che. (9) meLasvAti 18 | (18) maMtalaka urphe nAmAvaLI ubhI karavAmAM ke akasaMkhyAnuM nirmANa (10) svAti 18 | pattalA 5 (11) i. sa. 78 ane 103 (ca9NavaMzanI sthApanA kharA samaya)nI vaccenA 25 varSane kera jespaSTa bhAse che te A 26mAM umeratAM ra61 AvI rahe che. (12) nIce 5. 31, TI. naM. 21 mAM 11 lakhyA che: ahIM 667 Ave che. A be varasane phera eTalA mATe che ke judA judA vibhAge che. varSa hoya tene AkhuM gaNavAmAM Ave che. temaja I. sa. pU. ane i. sa. nA varSomAM bAda karatAM judI ja patie kAma levAya che tene laIne, A kera paDaye samaje. bAkI te 66 sAcI aMka nANa. (13) AmAMnI keTalIka dalIla, AdhAre tathA purAvAo . * u5ra nAmAvaLI ane vaMzAvaLI ApatI vakhate tyAM utAryA che, tathA keTalAka te te rAjAonAM vRttAMtamAM apAyA che te tyAMthI joI levA,

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- - - - dvitIya pariccheda ] tathA rAjyakALa AMka nAma varSa | AMka nAma varSa keIpaNa birUda rahita, ema be prakAranA rAjA tarIke (19) purisena (25) zIvazrI oLakhAvyA che eTale ApaNe paNa temane anukrame " (puridrasena) 21 | (zIvathI pulamA) AMdhrabhutyA ane AMdhrapati tarIke oLakhAvIe te (20) suMdara (26) zIvarkaMdha 3 sarvathA ucita ja lekhAze; jyI AkhA vaMzane * zAtakaraNi 1 (27) yajJazrI 28 ApaNe be vibhAgamAM vaheMcI nAkhavo paDe che ema (21) cakora 6 mAsa (28) vijaya 6 samajavuM raheze. bIjI hakIkta je samayane lagatI che (22) zIvasvAti 28 | (29) caMdrazrI 10 te paNa be vibhAgamAM ja vaheMcI nAMkhavI paDaze kemake, (23) gautamIputra 21 | () pulemAna che jyAre temanA vaMzane ja be vibhAge chUTo pADe che tyAre (24) pulemAM 28 | , kula varSa 481 (24) zAtakaraNi 28 | temanA samaya nirmANa mATe paNa be vibhAga karavA ja rahyA. vaLI vizeSa AvazyaktA te eTalA uparathI kIsI uparamAM ApaNe pratyeka rAjavInI traNa bAbato Ave che ke, AkhAvaMzane sattAkALa ApaNe lagabhaga vicAravA mATe darzAvI che. eka temane anukrama AMka, 663 varSane sAbIta karI batAvyo che tyAre purANa bIjuM temanuM nAma ane trIju temane zAsanasamaya. kAre te tene mAtra 460 varSane ja hovAnuM jaNAve A traNe madA zodhavAnI jarUra che. eka pachI eka che; chatAMye pAchaMTara sAheba, jemaNe purANe uparathI laIne vicArIe. badhuM zodhI karIne tAravaNI karI che ane jemaNe pAchaTara sAhebe je nAmAvalI upajAvI kADhI tene AdhAre ja kAma lIdhe rAkhyuM che, temaNe ja che temAM AMka saMkhyA 30 nI lakhI che. paraMtu nAMdhI batAvela AMkane kula saravALA tA 460ne bArikAIthI nihALatAM, 24 ane 25 nI vacce badale 481 varSano thAya che. eTale ke A sarva ra4 no AMka che eTale tene gaNatrImAM letAM te prAthamika najare jue tene paNa temAM aneka prakAranI saMkhyA 31 nI thaze. athavA je 30 nI ja saMkhyA asaMgatatA dekhAI Ave che. matalaba ke eLakha ane kAyama rAkhavI hoya te, 244 vALuM nAma, 24 ke samaya-e baMne prakAre vicAraNA karatAM siddha zAya 25 mAnA, bIjA nAma tarIke lekhavuM paDaze. paraMtu che ke rAjAonI nAmAvaLImAM kayAMka bheda chupAyela temaNe to purANonA AdhAre te saMkhyA trIsa ke haze. tethI tapAsa karavI rahe che ke, kayA vibhAgamAM ekatrIsane badale ulaTI ekanI eAchI batAvIne te 29 rAjAo thayA hatA ane kaye vibhAga 460 varSa 29 hovAnuM darzAvyuM che eTale vAraMvAra jema banatuM paryata sattA upara rahyo hate athavA te kaI vaLI AvyuM che tema, atre 5Nu purANakAranA te kathananuM trIjuM ja tava temAM ghusI gayuM che ke kema ? geya kAMI anya ja hovuM joIe. jethI mAnavuM rahe prAcIna samaye samasta bhAratavarSamAM gaNarAjya che ke, samagra samuhe 30 ke 31 ne badale AkhA athavA akendrita rAjyatvanI bhAvanA pracalita vezane temaNe be vibhAgamAM vaheMcI nAMkhyo he hevAthI, parAjita rAjAne khaMDiya-bhUtya hevAnuM joIe; jemAMnA eka vibhAge 28 nI saMkhyAne kabUla karAvIne tenA rAjyAsane tene punaH sthApita samAveza thai jatA hoya ane bIjA vibhAge kAI karavAmAM AvatA hatA, jyAre samrATa priyadarzinanA anya saMkhyA tenAthI tadana alaga ja hoya. A maraNa bAda-i. sa. pU.nI bIjI sadInA aMta bAda, anamAnane be hakIkatathI Take maLatA jaNAya che. eka svataMtra rAjyatva athavA kendrita rAjyatvanI bhAvanA temanI oLakhanA aMgenI che ane bIjI temanA sthApita thavA lAgI hatI. eTale parAjIta rAjAnuM samayanA aMgenI che. oLakha saMbaMdhamAM jaNAvavAnuM rAjya vijetAnA rAjya sAthe bheLavI devAmAM AvatuM ke, temaNe keTalAkane AMdhrabhutyA tarIke ane keTalAkane hatuM, jethI kheDiyApaNuM adazya thaIne sarva rAjAo Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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28]. rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvaLI [ aSTama khaMDa pitAnA rAjya vistAramAM svataMtra banI rahetA; priyadarzinanA maraNa pUrve akendrita rAjyatvanI bhAvanAne je phera paDatA te eTalo ja ke hArI jatA rAjAno lepa thayo te pUrve-lagabhaga sAta rAjAo thaI rAjayavistAra pitAnI hAranA pramANamAM ane gayA che ( AgaLa upara nAmAvaLI je goThavI karavAmAM AvatI sulehanI bhAratane Adhina rahIne batAvI che te juo) temAMthI prabhUtyA ane aMdhateTalA aMze saMcita banato hato. A paristhitine pati tarIke keNu kANu gaNAya te benI vacce kAMIka khyAla ApaNe pR. 18 thI 20 sudhImAM spaSTapaNe (demarcation line) bheda pADI batAve prabhutya zabdanuM vivecana karatAM ApI gayA chIe. jarA kaThIna che, kemake je samaye A rA temaja AgaLa upara prasaMgopAta ApavAmAM paNa nAbuda thavA mAMDI che tyAre tene amala kAMI ekadama Avaze (khAsa karIne zAtakaraNi chaThThA ane sAtamAnA thavA nahotA mAMDayo; temaja samrATa priyadarzinanA rAjya vRttAMtamAM). A niyamAnusAra AMdravaMzI rAjA- maraNa samaye je zAtakaraNi gAdi upara hatA te omAM paNa be varga haiyAtI dharAvatA hatA. eka piote A baMne padane bhegI paNa thayo che. eTale adhabhUlyA ane bIjo svataMtra AMdhrapatie. tene AMdhrabhutyamAM lekho ke AMdhrapatimAM lekho purANakAre 29 rAjAo hovAnuM je jaNAvyuM te prazna thAya che. AvI paristhiti hovAne aMge che temane AMdhrapati tarIkenuM birada apyuM che. jyAre keTalIka apekSAe prabhutyAnI saMkhyA 6 thI 15 A vaMzanA Adi purUSane temaja te bAda thayela 10 sudhI 16 paNa gaNavI rahe che. (je AgaLa keTalAka thoDAone-zatakaraNi kahIne temaNe saMbo- upara AMdhrabhUtyAnA pArigrAphe samajAvIzuM). A vyA che. A birUdanI satyatA temanA pitAnA hisAbe banane varganA maLIne 29 + 7 thI 10 =36thI zilAlekha ane sikkA upara taravela nAma u5- 28 rAjAo thayo kahevAze. rathI paNa ApaNane maLI Ave che, eTale samajAya kITajharADa hala (Fitzerald Hall) nAmanA che ke jemane purANukAre adhapati kahIne saMbodhyA vidvAna AMdhrapati rAjAonI saMkhyA mAtra 10nI che te ApaNane upara samajAvela vyAkhyA pramANenA ja kahe che. te kathana paNa eka rIte vicAravA svataMtra prapatie ja haze ane gaNarAjya cogya che. teno ukela amArI matithI nIce pramANe paddhatinA kALa daramyAna je AMdhravaMzIo thaI gayA e rIte ApI zakAya che. (1) eka e ke itihAsanA teo sAtakaraNi athavA te temanA rAjyatvanA jJAnathI ApaNe ema te jANIe chIe ke, mobhA pramANe AMdhrabhRtya ke sAmAnya rAtavahanavaMzI AMdhrapatiomAM eka e prabaLa pratApI ane ItyAdithI oLakhAvAtA haze. A uparathI eTale parAkramI rAjA thayA che ke jeNe "zakasaMvata' (juo sAra nIkaLe che ke, samrATa priyadazinanA maraNa bAda 5. 4 pR. 99 tathA A pustake AgaLa upara) je AMdhrapati thayA hatA temanI saMkhyA 29 hatI, pravartAvyo hato. eTale tenA uddabhava sudhInA rAjAevuM purANukAro jaNAve che. jyAre samrATa ane AMdhrapati tarIke ane te bAda thayela sarvene (14) bIjI rIte paNa 29 nI saMkhyA batAvI zakAya sAthenI saMkhyA 7 nI kahevAya. jyAre vacce naM.4 ne rAjA che te mATe juo nIcenI TIkA . 19 nuM mULa che te be vakhata gAdIe AvyuM che eTale tenuM nAma be lakhANa. vakhata gaNue te tenI saMkhyA 8nI kahevAze. (15) zAtakaraNinI saMkhyAne AMka 7 ne che; te (16) uparamAM 6, 7 ane 8ne khulAse ApyA AMdhrapati tarIke paNa gaNAya tema che. eTale tene naMbara bAda che, jyAre 9 ane 10nA AMkanA khulAsA mATe nIcenI karIe te te sivAyanA 6 AMdhrabhUtvA kahevAya ane tenI TIkA naM. 18 juo.

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dvitIya paricheda ] tathA rAjyakALa [ 29 zaka saMvatanA sthApakanA vaMza tarIke oLakhAvI kathanano sAra e nIkaLe che ke, rAjA apilaka zakAya. A pramANe banavA pAmyuM hoya to kAMI sudhInA nava rAjAone18 bhulyA kahevA joie ane ayogya paNa nahIM kahevAya. A gaNatrIthI uparanI te bAda 10 mAM rAjAthI mAMDI 28-30 sudhInA 29nI saMkhyAmAMthI prathamanA 19 ne AMdhrapati 19 rAjAone AMdhrapati kahevA joIe, ane gaNavA ane zeSa rahetA 17 athavA pAchaLanA 10ne te bAda te temane rAjanagaranuM mukhya mathaka je zaka saMvata sthApakanA vaMzajo kahevA. A pramANe paiThaNa hatuM te tyajI daIne tuMgabhadrA nadInA taTa AMdhrapatinA be vibhAga pADatI vakhate paNa je upara vijayanagara AsapAsanA nAnA pradezanA eka muzkelI AMdhrabhUtyA ane AMdhrapatinA bheda pADatA nAnA jAgIradAra tarIke jIvana gujAravuM paDayuM hovAthI, jaNAI hatI te ADI AvI ne ubhI rahe che. kemake na to temane prapati tarIke oLakhAvavA rahe 19mA AMdhrapatino rAjyakALa keTalAka pasAra thaI ke na to temane bhAratIya pradezanA meTA rAjavaMzanA gayo hato tyAre ja zaka pravartAvavAno prasaMga prApta rAjavIo tarIkenI gaNanA karavI rahe. eTale temanA thayo hato eTale tenuM nAma paNa banne vibhAgamAM kahevA pramANe AkhA vaMzanA 9 + 1 = 28 nodhavuM paDaze. (2) bIjI rIta e ke-(ane je vadhAre aThThAvIza ja rAja gaNavA joie. temAM paNa prathamanA vajanadAra kahI zakAya tema che kemake te sthiti sikkA navamAMthI cothA naMbaravALo rAjA be vakhata gAdI uparathI sAbita thaI zake che.) A AMdhruvaMzanI upara ArUDha thayela hovAthI te saMkhyAmAM ekanI paDatI avaMtIpati mahAkSatrapa rAjA cappaNanA vaMza je vRddhi karI AMdhrapationI saMkhyA 28ne sthAne 20nI I. sa. 236no AsapAsamAM te vakhatanA paiThaNapatine paNa gaNI zakAya ke je pramANe purANakAronuM harAvIne dakSiNamAM haThI javAnI pADela pharajanA kahevuM thatuM hatuM ane jeno ukela uparamAM 19 ApaNe samayathI gaNavI rahe che. te rAjAno AMka naM. 28 thI anyathA sUcavyo che. 30 che. ( juo AgaLa uparanI nAmAvaLI). A phITajharAlDa sAhebanA kathana uparathI eka bIjI 28 mAMthI 19 ne bAda karIe te 9 Avaze ane vastusthitino ukela paNa maLI Ave che ke je te rAjA apilakane che. eTale phITajharADa sAhebanA rAjapaddhatinuM dhoraNa cAlyuM AvatuM hovAnuM tathA (17) sikAnA abhyAsathI mAluma paDe che ke mAMDa- ekano vadhAra karIe to apilakano AMka 10 mo Avaze. lika paNuM (semi-dependent)te TheTha zakArI vikramA. ane uparanA naM. 4nA rAjavInuM nAma bene badale eka dityanA samaya sudhI (I. sa. pU. 57) gheDe ghaNe aMze vakhata ja gaNAya to AMdhrabhUtyAnI saMkhyA 9nI kahevAze. cAlu ja rahyuM che. temAMya AMdhavaMzI rAjAonA sikkA. paraMtu AMdhabhatyAnI saMkhyA 7 nI ja hoya to 19 AmAMthI be urjananuM cinha" nAbuda thayuM che eTale te AMdhrapati gaNatAM je rAjAne caThaNu vaMzIe harAvyA tene daSTie AMdhabhacanuM birUda vikramAdityanA samakAlina naM. naM. 28 ApaNe lekhAvyA che tene badale tene 26 ma karavo 17 AMdhrapati sudhI cAlu hatuM ema kahI zakAya. (bIjI paDaze. ane te hisAbe AkhIye TharAvelI vaMzAvaLImAM bAja ema paNa lAge che ke ujainanuM cinha to A naM. 7 thI 28 sudhImAM koIka be rAjAne kamI karavI paDaze. rAjAonuM mitrAcAradarzaka che. nahIM ke mAMDalikapaNAnI saMkhyA kamI karavA chatAM samayanuM aMtara te (naM. 7 thI sthiti sUcavatuM.) 28 sudhInuM) kAyama ja raheze. eTale be rAjA kamI thatAM (18) A gaNatrIe nava AMdhrabhUtyA kahevAya, te bAkInA rAjakALanA varSamAM pheraphAra kara raheze. A pheraphAra mAMye na. 4 vALa bhUpati be vakhata gAdIe Avyo che. ariSTaka ane naM. 7 vALA zAtakaraNinI vaccenA gALAmAM ane te be vakhatanI vacce eka anya rAjavInuM rAjya daza ja karavo raheze. tenuM kAraNa AgaLa upara jaNAze. varSa cAlyuM che. eTale te hisAbe je AMka saMkhyAmAM (19) juo uparamAM TI. naM. 14, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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- 30 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI || aSTama khaMDa anya aitihAsika paristhiti atyAra sudhI ApaNe nAnA putra taraphathI nAsikanA zilAlekhamAM rAja karatI manAvatA AvyA chIe. te sarvane samarthana maLI rANI nAganikAnA pati tarIke je yagzrIne jatuM puravAra thaI jAya che. jemake, rAja apilakanuM oLakhAvyo che te ja vyakti che. (tanuM vizeSa varNana maraNa I. sa. pU. 195mAM thayAnuM ApaNe vaMzAvaLImAM tenA rAjyAdhikAre batAvIzuM). te vakhatathI A prAMta darzAvyuM che. te samaye avaMtipati tarIke zaMgavaMzI ' upara avAranavAra AMdhruvaMzanuM, naMdavaMzanuM ane mauryeagnimitranuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM. teNe vidarbhapatine vaMzanuM sArvabhaumatvapaNuM badalAtuM rahyuM che. chevaTe harAvIne tenI kuMvarI mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM zaMgavaMzI agnimitranA tAbe te pradeza Avyo che. hatuM. A vidarbhapati kadAca AMdhrapati apilaka (A badhI hakIkata pratyekanA sikkA uparathI sAbita pote paNa hoya athavA to tenA hAtha taLeno kaI karI zakAya che). agnimitranA maraNa bAda zuMgasubo jene mahArathI birUda apAtuM hatuM ane A vaMzanI paDatI thatAM ane te samaye kendrita bhAvanAnI prAMta upara AMdhrapati taraphathI hakamata calAvate hato saMpUrNapaNe sthApanA thaI javAthI "bhratyAkahevarAte 5NuM heya. eTale sIdhI ke ADakatarI rIte zaMga- vavAnI prathA baMdha paDI gaI che ane AMdhrapatio vazInA khaMDiyA tarIke AMdhrapatioe pitAne tyAM svataMtra vaMzanA bhUpati tarIke oLakhAvavA maMDayA jAhera rIte svIkAryA hatA. A vastusthiti kema che. matalaba ke A gaNatrIthI Apilaka te eTale ja banavA pAmI hatI tenuM anusaMdhAna paNa atre saMkSi- AMdhrabhRtya hato. dazamA naMbaravALA rAjA AvI tamAM jaNAvI daIe eTale barAbara samajI zakAze. prathama AMdhrapati hato, ane je naM. 28nA rAjAne A vidarbhaprAMta upara magadhapati tarIke naMdavaMzanI mahAkSatrapa caMNanA vaMza je I. sa. 236 AsapAsa sattA cAlatI hatI ane te pradezauparanA sUbAne harAvyuM che te aMtima AMdhrapati hato. mahArathI nAmathI saMbodhAte hato. (juo pu. 1 mAM uparamAM judI judI rIte je samajAtio ane naMdavaMzanuM vRttAMta tathA pu. 3 mAM agnimitrane vRttAMta). ukela karI batAvyo che tene samagra rIte TUMka sAra naMdavaMzI rAjA mahApadma athavA naMdabIjAnA maraNa samaye A pramANe karI zakAze. AkhA vaMzanA traNa vibhAga rAjagAdI mATe jhagaDo ubho thayo hato temAM chevaTe (1) AMdhrabhRtya (1) AMdhrapati (3) ane zaka kSatriyANI putrone magadhapati banAvavAmAM AvyA hatA rAjAo. prathama vibhAgamAM cha rAjAone pUro amala ane sAtamA moTo bhAga; athavA sAta rAjAo. eTale tenA kANIputro je kSatriyANIputro karatAM dvitIyamAM sAtamAno thoDo bhAga, te pachI aDhArano uMmare moTA hatA, teo pitAne thayela anyAya batA pUro amala ane ogaNIsamAne moTo bhAga athavA vavA khAtara magadhane tyAga karIne cAlI nIkaLyA hatA. temAMne eka zrImukha tarIke je itihAsamAM prasiddha vIsa rAjAo; ane tRtIyamAM egaNIsamAne thayo che ane A AMdhavaMzanA sthApaka che tenA putra bhAga tathA bIjA dasane saMpUrNa amala eTale kula gautamIputra yajJazrIe prathama A vidarbhaprAMta upara pitAnI agiyAra rAjAo. ane sarva vibhAge ekaThA karIne lekhavA hoya te 7 19 10 sattA sthApI hatI tathA tenA sUbA-mahArathI-nI putrIne pite paraNyo hate. te gautamIputra bIjo koI nahi paNa rAjAonI saMkhyA 6 + 1 + 18 +1 1 10 = 36 pelA nAnAvATanA zilAlekhavALI tathA potAnA be chatrIsa thaI gaNAze. mA-0mAM nA- (20) athavA vadhAre nahIM te vaidikadharmAnuyAyInA vaDA zayanA Azraya taLe vaidikAma aMgikAra karyo hato. A tarIke zRMgapatione kabUla rAkhyA tarIkenI oLakhANa paNa sthiti keTalAya vakhata sudhI, ema kahe ke lagabhaga 75 varSa gaNAya; kemake Abapatioe, 7mA rAjAnA samayathI sudhI, cAlu rahI hatI. (A badhuM varNana te te rAjavInA pitAne kuLadharma je jaina hatA te badalIne pitAlImahA- vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate temaja dharmakrAMtinA pArigrApha lakhIzuM.). Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvitIya pariccheda ] tathA rAjyakALa [ 3 - A temanI akasaMkhyA A pramANe nakkI TharAvyA bAda 235mAM lekhIe to 235-78=157 varSa payaeNta te have temanA-traNe vibhAgone-samaya vicArIzuM. te cAlyo gaNAze. paraMtu jema dvitIya vibhAge vyavahAru bAda te save rAjAonAM kamAnakrama tathA pratyeka rikapaNAthI gaNanA karavAnuM DahApaNabharyuM mAnyuM hatuM, yA varSa cAlyo hato tenI tema atra paNa jo tema karIe to zaka carcA karIne nirNaya bAMdhIza. eTale AkhAye vaMzanI sthApanAnA samayathI teno hisAba mAMDavAne badale saMpUrNa vaMzAvaLI ubhI thaI gaNAze. tenA pravartakanA maraNa nIpajayA pachI gaNo rahe; ane vibhAgavAra samaya-(1) zata zabdanuM vivecana tenuM maraNa atyAre jaNAyuM che (juo tenuM vRttAMta) te karatAM joI gayA chIe ke, A vaMzanI sthApanA rAjA pramANe te saMvatanI sthApanA thayA bAda ceAthe ke pAMcame zrImukhe ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pU. 427mAM karI che, varSe thayuM hovAnuM jaNAya che. te uparathI i. sa. 83mAM temaja A AMdhrabhutya zabdanA vivecanamAM jaI gayA zakarAjanI Adi gaNavI rahe ane aMta 205mAM chIe ke samrATa priyadarzinanA ma. sa. 290mAM nIpajelA gaNatAM te vibhAgano sattAkALa 153 varSane lekhAze. maraNa bAda rAjA sAtakaraNi svataMtra thayA hatA paraMtu A pramANe traNa vibhAgane sattAkALa nakkI pote ma. sa. 301mAM maraNa pAmyo che. eTale je thaI gayo. have temane kramAnukrama ane pratyekane adabhatyA zabdanI yathArthapaNe vicAraNuM thAya te rAjyakALa vicArIe eTale ke jene sAdI bhASAmAM te ma. sa. 100thI 290 sudhI = 100 varSa sudhI vaMzAvaLI kahevAya che temAM goThavIe. ja te sthiti cAlI kahevAya. paraMtu vyavahArika gaNunA vaMzAvaLI goThavavAnuM kArya te sarve karatAM ati 2vAmAM Ave to 301 sudhI eTale 21 varSa kaThina ja che; temAM je je anyakartAe prayatna paryata te sthiti pravartI rahI hatI ema gaNavuM paDaze. karI joyo che temAMnA keInuM pariNAma kAIne maLatuM (2) AdhavaMza athavA svataMtra adhapatione rAjya ja nathI AvatuM. eTale vaLI te kArya vizeSa kaThina kALa purANakAranA matathI 56 thI 460 varSa bane che. chatAM uparamAM sAbita karI gayA pramANe cAlyo che. kAryanI saraLatA mATe 460no AMka te vizana ekaMdara rAjyakALa tathA saMkhyA ApaNe mAnya karI laIe. eTale je zabdArtha pramANe gaNatrI jANI cUkyA chIe, eTale te AdhAre AgaLa vadharAya to tenI Adi uparanA prathama vibhAge jaNA- vAse ghaNuM satara thai paDayuM samajAya che. tadaparAMta vyA pramANe ma. saM. 290mAM lekhavI paDaze ane ApaNe rAjAonI oLakhanA traNa vibhAgo suvyavateno aMta 290+46 = ma. sa. 750=I. sa. (750 sthitapaNe ane keTalIka hakIkata sAthe nakkI karI -57)223mAM gaNAze athavA to 301+46 = zakaya hovAthI, vizeSa anukuLatA sAMpaDI gayelI ma. sa. 761 mAM 21=I. sa. 235mAM gaNavI paDaze. dekhAya che. jo ke ApaNe prayAsa sarvathA svIkArya ja vAstavikapaNe to haMmezAM vyavahArane ja mAna ApavuM thaI paDaze ema te atyAre na ja kahI zakAya, chatAM rahe che eTale tene aMta 235mAM ja Avyo hato eTaluM jarUra dhArI zakAze ke atyAra sudhI AdarelA ema gaNIne ja ApaNe kAma laIza. (3) have ratho sarva prayogomAM ApaNe tAravI kADhela hakIkatanuM sthAna trIje vibhAga zAka rAjAono. zakasaMvatanI sthApanA ekadama uMcu gaNavA, yogya te thaze ja. ATaluM I. sa. 78mAM thaI che ane uparanA dvitIya vibhA- prastAvika vivecana karI have ApaNA prayatnamAM gamAM svIkAra karI gayA pramANe tene aMta I. sa. AgaLa vadhIye. (2) tenI sthApanA 100mAM ane aMta 761mAM thaye lekhAya. gaNIe to teno samagra kALa mA-1 16 varSane sarakhAvo 0pamAM TI. naM. 120

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32 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI [ aSTama khaMDa A kAryamAM paNa prastutapaNe ApaNe sthApita je traNa vibhAgonI carcA upara karI gayA chIe karela dhoraNa anusAra mi. pAITare taiyAra karelI tenA sAra tarIke, kASTakanA rUpamAM utArI laIe ke ane pU. 26 upara utArelI nAmAvaLIne ja ave. jethI tenA upara vAraMvAra najara rAkhIne dalIla laMbana levuM sugama thai paDaze. prathamamAM ApaNe tene karI zakAya. vibhAga rAjAnI saMkhyA ekaMdara rAjyakALanAM varSa | ApaNuM mi. pAcheTaranA ApaNA mate mi. pAchaTaranA mate | terI I mate 85 ma" 1353 201 24 (a) AMdhrabhRtya (A. I) adhipati 1 thI 6 = 6 | ka thI 30 = 25 346rapa. 46026 1353 22827 (2) athavA (a) AMdhrabhUtya 1 thI = 6 (A) AMdhrapati 7 thI 23 = 17 | (I) zaka sthApaka rAjAo] 24 thI 31 = 8 (3) athavA (a, A, I) Akho 1 thI 31 zata-zatavahana vaMza. = 31 201 30829 15ra 30 11828 48131 | 663 32 have ApaNe pAITara sAhebe TharAvelI kamAvaLI ane samayAvaLImAM sudhAraNA karavAnuM kArya vicArIe. prathamanA vibhAge (juo 1) temanA mata pramANe cha puruSo thayA che ane ApaNuM mate sAta thayA (22) ApaNA matanIce jaNAvelI sarva hakIkata, (28) pU. ra1nI vaMzAvaLImAMthI naM. 24 thI chevaTa uparamAM sAbita karI gayA chIe te pramANe samajI levI. sudhInA rAjAonA sattAkALane saravALo 118 Avaze: (23) prathamanA cha bhUpatinA rAjyakALane saravALe che; [ane naM. 23, 27, 28 TIkAono saravALo 481 AvI 23+10+10+8+1856=135 raheze. tevI ja rIte na. 23, 25 no saravALo paNa 485 (24) jue pR. 31 nuM lakhANa. AvI raheze. sarakhA nIce TI. naM. 31] (25) kula 481 varSa lakhyAM che temAMthI TI. naM. 23nA (29) upara naM. 26 TIkAnA 10 varSanA be bhAga 135 varSa bAda jatAM 346 raheze. pADavAnA che. zakarAjAone kALa 152-3 varSane ApaNe (26) A 460 (purANakAranA matano svIkAra karIe gaNAvyo che (juo nIce TI. na. 30) eTale bAkI e tethI) ane tenI uparanA 291 je ApaNe lakhyA 708 rahyA. che te, bene saravALo karatAM 661 Avaze (juo nIcenI (30) TIkA naM. 26 nA 460 mAMthI TI. naM. 2nA 308 rIDhA naM. 32 tathA tene uparanI TIka naM. 21 sAthe sarakhA) jatAM bAkI 152 rahe. juo pR. 31 nuM lakhANa, (27) pR. 26 nI nAmAvaLImAMthI naM. 7 thI 23 (31) juo ha5ranI TI. na. 28 ne pAchalo bhAga. sudhInA rAjyakALano saravALo karatAM 228 Avaze. (32) uparanI TI. naM. 21 tathA 26 juo,

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dvitIya pariccheda ]. tathA rAjayakALa [ 33 che tema temanA mate temane samagrakALa 135 varSane varSano 37 noMdhAyo che ane zrIkRSNanA maraNa bAda ane ApaNA mate 201 varSanI che. matalaba ke rANI nAganikA chaputra gAdIpati banyA che. ApaNI gaNatrIthI saMkhyAmAM ekano ane samayamAM ATalI hakIkata uparathI sAra e nIkaLe che ke, rANI 66 varSano vadhAre thAya che. tenA phALAnI vaheMcaNI nAganikAno cha putra jyAre karIne gAdIe beThA tyAre A pramANe karI zakAya che. rANI nAganikAe kota- tenI umara 8 + 10 = 18 varSanI hatI. have je rAvela nAnAvATanA prakhyAta zilAlekha uparathI33 pAchaTara sAhebanI nAmAvalI pramANe tene mAtra 10 samajAya che ke te kotarAvA te samaye pote vidhavA varSane ja rAjya samapae te tenuM maraNa 18+10=28 hatI ane pitAnA banne bALake apavayaska hovAthI varSanI umare thayuM gaNavuM paDaze. te ayogya dekhAya che. temanA nAme te pote rAjakArabhAra calAvatI hatI. A paraMta mi. sane Apela (juo uparamAM TI. na. samaye zrImukhanA bhAI-eTale ke pitAnA, sasarAnA 35) eka graMthakatranI dhAraNuM pramANe A jacekabhAI ane patinA kAkA)-zrIkRSNa tenA hAthamAMthI putranA phALe je 56 varSa lekhIe te te ucita ja rAjanI lagAma kheMcAvI laI gAdI pacAvI pADI gaNAze. A pramANe 56 varSa gaNatAM (56-10 tA hatI. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke, rAjA zrImukha pATare gaNAvyA ja che eTale) 46 varSane phera ane zrIkRSNanA rAjyakALa vacce rANI nAganikAnA nIkaLI gayo, have bAkI rahyo (66-46) 20 ne patine, eTale rAjA zrImukhanA putrane, rAjaamala keraH ane te ApaNe sahelAIthI rANI nAganikA cAyo hato. tenuM nAmaThAma ApaNane haju sudhI pati yajJazrIne nAme caDAvI zakIzuM. A pramANe rAjA jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI. paraMtu tenA sikkA 34 uparathI paNa sAta thayA ane rAjyakALa 5NuM 201 varSanI te pArakhI zakAya tema che. temAM tenuM nAma "gautamIputra thaI rahyo. A rIte prathama vibhAganuM samArakAma pUruM yazrI" ApeluM che. eTale hAla turata ApaNe paNa thayuM gaNAze. tene yajJazrI nAmathI ja oLakhAvIzuM. A pramANe have bIjo vibhAga tapAsIe. pAITara sAhechanI saMkhyAmAM ekano vadhAro thatAM, sAtanI saMkhyA banA mAnavA pramANe 17 rAjAo ane temane samaya AvI rahe che. have 66 varSanA samaya vize vicAra 28 varSano che jyAre ApaNA mate 19 rAjA karIe. mi. repsane je nAmAvalInI sarakhAmaNI karI (17)28 ane 308 varSane rAjyakALa che. matalaba ke batAvI che temAM malika zatakaraNInA phALe 56 varSa saMkhyAmAM be rAjAo ane samayamAM 80 varSane lakhyA che35 jyAre mi. pArjITare mAtra tenA nAme ri mi. pojITare mAtra tenA nAme vadhAro ApaNA maMtavyAnusAra che. tenI marAmata10 varSa ja noMdhyA che. bIjI bAju nAnAdhAranA vaheMcaNI nIce pramANe karI zakAya che. pu. 4 mAM zilAlekhamAM AlekhAyela hakIkatane vicAra jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, gardabhIlavaMzI ujanapati karIe chIe tyAre samajAya che ke rANI nAganikAnA zakAri vikramAditye paiThaNapatinI sahAya laI je zaka pu, temanA pitAnA maraNa samaye bALavayanA (Te rAjAne harAvIne gAdi laI lIdhI hatI, te zaka rAjAe ATha varSane ane nAno cha varSano) hatA; tethI zrIkRSNa parAjaya pAmavAthI gusse thaIne vikramAdityanA sahAyaka gAdI pacAvI pADI hatI ane tene rAjyakALa 10 paiThaNapatine pIcho pakaDayo hato. paraMtu tenI sAthenA (3) jue che. A. re. prastAvanA rU. 50 (34) jue pu. 2 sikkA naM. 69, 75, 72 I. (35) juo ke. A. 2. mAM Apela koSTaka pR. 68. tathA mIsIjha meka Dapha racita krolojI (36) pariccheda 5, lekha naM. 1 (37) ko. o. ra.pU.68 ne kaThe, AMka naM. 2, temAM A rAjA kRSNanA phALe 18 varSa noMdhAyA che. (38)vikalpa 17 saMkhyA rAkhI zakAze; AgaLa jue.

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34 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA nAmAvalI ( [ aSTama khaMDa yuhamAM te zakarAjA maraNa pAmyo hato ane te bAda jyAre pu. 4mAM gardabhIla vaMzanI vaMzAvaLI uparathI dara varSe paiThaNupati sAta rAjAnuM maraNu nIpajyuM hatuM. rAjA vikramAditya zakArino samaya paNa lagabhaga te ja eTale sAra e thayo ke, zakAri vikramAdityanI chata, batAvAyo che. kahevAno matalaba e che ke, itihAsanI te ujanapati banavuM ane zakarAjAnuM mRtya; A traNe sAthe jainagranthanI hakIkata maLatI thaI jatI de banAvo eka pachI eka ema anukramavAra lagabhaga che. temaja vaidikamatanA yugapurANamAM AlekhAyelI eka ja samaye banavA pAmyA che; jyAre rAjA zAtanuM zakarAjA ane paiThaNupati rAjA zAtanA yuddhanI maraNa zakarAjAnA maraNa bAda daza varSe thayuM che. temAM, kathAne samaya (pu. 4, pR. 19, TI. na. 10) paNa te ItihAsa ApaNane zIkhave che ke prathamanA traNa kALanI ja sAkSI pUre che. A pramANe jene tathA banAvo ma. sa. 470=I. sa. pU. 57mAM banI gayA vaidikagranthanI hakIkatane itihAsane Take maLe che. che. te hisAbe rAjA sAtanuM maraNa ma. sa. 470+ eTale A sarvenI satya ghaTanA tarIke ja gaNatrI karavI 10=480I. sa. pU. 47mAM banyAnuM noMdhavuM paDaze. A rahe che, jethI ujajainapati vikramAditya ane paiThaNapati pramANe eka vAta nizcita thaine khIle baMdhANI. bIjI sAhityapremI rAjA zAlivAhanane, samakAlinapaNe ke bALa na sAhityagraMthomAM ema jaNAvAyuM che ke, nikaTasamayI puravAra karyA bAda, eTaluM ja tapAsavAnuM ujanapati vikramAditye pAlItANAnI yAtrA karI hatI rahe che ke, je rAjA sAta ma. saM. 480 mAM (kSaka ane pAdaliptasUri nAmanA AcAryanA (jemano samaya rAjAnA mRtyu bAda daza varSa) maraNa pAmyo che ane vikrama saMvata 1 athavA tenI AsapAsane kahevAya jeNe zaka prajA sAthenA yuddhamAM zakAri vikramAdityane che) netRtvapaNumAM keTalAMka dhArmika kAryo tyAM karAvyAM madada karI hatI, te ja rAjA sAhityapremI zAlivAhanahatAM. vaLI jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke paiThaNapati hato ke tenI pAchaLa AvanAra te hate. gAthAsati rAja zAlivAhane paNa eka bIjA jainAcArya nAme nAmane je kanya hAtha lAgyo che te AdhAre spaSTa zrI AkhaTa, tathA uparokta pAdalipta ane temanA thAya che ke te granthane kartA. hAla rAjA mahAvidvAna ziSya nAgArjunanI rAhabarImAM zrI zatruMjayanI yAtrA sAhityapremI ane kavi paNa hatA. uparAMta te mahA karIne keTalAMka dhArmika kAryo karAvyAM che temaja A parAkramI paNa hatA.40 A rAjA hAlane jaina graMthomAM paiThaNapati sAhityapremI ane mahAparAkramI ho. eTale zAlavAhana (apabhraMzamAM hAla) zAlavANu ityAdi jaina granthomAM lakhAyelA A prakAranI matalabanA nAma apAyuM che, jyAre zakAri vikramAdityanA sahAbane nivedana uparathI evA sAra upara AvavuM paDe yakane tevuM koIpaNa upanAma, eALakha ke vidatAdarzaka che ke A badhA janAcAryo temaja rAjA vikramAditya upAdhi apAyAnuM hajI sudhI koi prasthamAM jaNAvAyuM ane sAhityapremI paiThaNupati rAjA zAlivAhana eka nathI, eTale zaMkArahita mAnavuM paDe che ke, zakAri bIjAnA sahamayI che athavA to ekadama niphTanA vikramAdityane sahAyaka rAjA zAta bIja ane A samayavatI che. A vakhate jainAcArya sihasUrinI sAhityapremI rAjA hAla paNa bIje; ane uparamAM zAsanasattA cAlatI hovAnuM noMdhAyuM che ke jemane kahI gayA chIe ke, A rAjA kAM te vikramAdityano samaya ( jAo paricacheda 5 lekha naM. 13) samakAlIna hatA athavA to ati nikaTavatI hate. ma. sa. 471 thI 548 = I. sa. pU. 56 thI eTale siddha thayuM che ke, zakAri vikramAdityane sahAyaka I. sa. 22 sudhInA 78 varSane kahevAya che, rAjA zAta te prathama he joie ane tenI pachI (39) A bAbatanA isAsa temanAM jIvana caritra ApavAmAM AvyA che, te juo. (40) A badhuM vRttAMta tenA jIvanacaritramAM khAvAnuM che. te tyAM juo.

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dvitIya paricheda ] tathA rAjyakALa tarata ja A sAhityapremI rAjA hAla gAdie beThe have ApaNe jarA pAchA mULa hakIkata upara vaLIe. he joIe. have mi. pAITare ApelI (uparamAM uparamAM sAbita karI gayA chIe ke hAla rAjAnuM pR. 27) nAmAvaLI tapAsIzuM te jaNAya che ke rAjA gAdIe AvavuM ma. saM. 480 (I. sa. pU. 47) hAlane purogAmI je nRpati che tenuM nAma ariSTakarNa ane gautamIputra ne. 20vALAnuM maraNa ma. sa. 610mAM che ane tenuM rAjya paNa lAMbo samaya cAlyuM che. che eTale ke te benI vaccenuM aMtara 10 varSane paDe eTale sahaja anumAna bAMdhI zakAya che ke te parAkramI che. jyAre pR. 27mAM jaNAvyA pramANe te mAtra 81 ane baLavAna haze ja, jethI teNe ujenapati vikra. varSanuM ja che.karDa A uparathI samajAya che ke, ri mAdityane kumaka dIdhI hoya te paNa banavA yogya ja pAchaTaranA kathanamAM kayAMka 49 varSano (130-81= che. A uparathI have eTaluM ApaNe cokkasa kahI 49) sudhAro mAMge che. temAMye rAjA hAla ane gautamIzakayA kahevAIe ke rAjA ariSTakarNa ja zakAri vikra- putra sudhInAM rAjAnAM nAma, temane anukrama tathA mAdityanI madade gayo hato ane teNe pATara varSasaMkhyA, sarve prakhyAmAM eka sarakhAM ja che eTale sAhebanA kahevA pramANe 25 varSa rAjya bhogavyuM che. temAM kAMI ghaTADo ke vadhAro karavAnuM ApaNe icchita eTale tene samaya ma. saM. 455 thI 480 I. sa. nathI dhAratA. tethI je 49 varSane umero karavo rahe pU. 01 thI 46 sudhI gaNa rahe che ane tenA che te AkhAye kALo rAjA hAlane nAme ja ApaNe maraNa bAda tarata ja rAjA hAla ma. sa. 480 mAM caDAvavo rahe che, kAraNa ke ApaNe tenA jIvana gAdIe beThe che. vRttAMtathI jANIe chIe ke te bahu nAnI umaramAM bIjI hakIkata ema nIkaLe che ke gautamIputra gAdIe AvyA hatA. vaLI AvA parAkramI ane zAtakaraNIe (pR. 27 vazAvaLI, AMka naM. 23 ) vaibhavazALI rAjAnuM rAjya kevaLa pAMca varSanuM je cAyuM pitAnA rAjyakALa 18mA varSe (pariccheda 5 lekha heya te tadana kalpanAtita kahevAya. eTale banavAjoga naM. 7) nahapANa kSaharATanA vaMzajone harAvI pitAnA che ke lahiAnI bhUlane lIdhe ke jANI joine teNe kuLanI lupta thayelI kIrti pAchI meLavI hatI (paMcama vAparela doDha DahApaNane lIdhe, teNe 54-55 varSane pariccheda lekha naM. 8) teNe te vakhate zakasaMvatsara badale chelle cAra-pAMcanA AMkaDA kAyama rAkhIne, calAvyo che. teno samaya i. sa. 78 = ma. saM. mAtra prathamane AMkaDo je pAMca hatA te urADI dIdhA para7 + 78 = 605 che. A pachI pote ja varSa lAge che. have ApaNe te AMka sudhArIne be pAMcaDA jIvaMta rahIne maraNa pAme che eTale ke tenuM rAjya tarIke paMcAvanane gaNI tenA rAjyAbhiSekane ma. sa. 22 varSa cAlyuM che tathA ma. saM. 610 mAM teno aMta 480 thayela noMdha tathA tenuM maraNa ma. sa. 544 Avyo che. te hisAbe tene amala ma. saM. 188thI -pamAM gaNavuM te vyAjabI kahevAze. 610 = 22 varSane cokkasa thayo gaNI levo rahe che. eTale AMdhrapati rAjAonA A bIjA vibhAge (4) vizeSa zodhakhoLa AdhAre amane ema jaNAyuM che. e. se. 1928, nyu sIrIjha, 5. ; mi. baplene che ke nahapANane harAvanAra ane zakapravartaka rAjA, bane judI lekha) paraMtu amArI tapAsane lIdhe temAM pheraphAra karavo paDaze. ja vyaktio che. temAM zakapravartakano AMka gaNavo hoya te paNa ahIM I. sa. 78nA AMkane tethI karIne kAMI bAdha naM. 23 Avaze. chatAMye atra TAMkelI hakIktamAM ApaNI AvatuM nathI. gaNatrIne vAMdho Avato nathI. (vaLI nIcenI TI. 42 juo.) (43) rAjA hAlanAM varSa 5+ ane te pachInA anukrame (42) nahapANane harAvanAra tathA rANu baLazrInA putra 5+21+1+6 mAsa + 28 ane 21 = kula saravALo 81. tarIke, A rAjAne mAnI laIne (uparamAM TI. naM. 41 juo) varSa. (jo ke AmAM paNa keTalIka vigatonA AdhAre pheraphAra A kathana tenA lekhake jaNAvyuM che (jIe ja. ba. che. kara paDayo che, paNa te bahu nai che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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36 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvaLI [ aSTama khaMDa mi. pAITara je 17 rAjA ane 228 varSa lakhyAM phALe 12 ane 2 varSo dhAyAM che. jo A bene umere che temAMnA uttara bhAge eTale rAjA hAlathI zarU karIne karIe te rAjAnI AMkasaMkhyA pUrepUrI thaI jaze. gautamIputra sudhI sAta rAjA thayAnuM ane 130 varSane uparAMta temanA sthAnanuM nirmANa paNa te purANanA samaya hevAnuM sAbita thaI cUkayuM; jethI have A abhiprAya mujaba ja rAkhIzuM. paraMtu khUTatAM 32 vibhAge 19 rAjA ane 308 varSa je gaNavAmAM varSane badale caudanI ja pUrNi thavAthI bAkI 18 ne che temAMthI bAra rAjA ane 178 varSane samaya vadhAro te sUcavo rahe che. athavA te, AvI - pUravAnuM ja kArya bAkI rahyuM gaNAze. have pR. 27 rAjAnA khAte sarva purANa ekamata thavAthI tenA uparanI nAmAvalI tapAsIzuM laMbodarathI ariSTa- phALAne 12 kAyama rAkhIe te medhAsvAti karNa sudhInA (na. 7thI 16 sudhInA) daza rAjAo: bIjAnA phALe bAkInA 20 (32 12=20) vIse ane temanA rAjyakALe 146 varSa46 gaNAvyAM che. TharAvavA rahe che. banavAjoga che ke jemAM aneka eTale khUTatAM 32 varSa (178-146=32), bAkI ThekANe lahiAe be AMkaDAnI jagyAe ekanI ja rahetA be rAjAone phALe caDAvavA raheze. te A noMdha lIdhI che ne bIjAne urADI dIdho che. tema AnA pramANe sUcavI zakAze. judA judA purANomAM je kissAmAM paNa 2049ne badale 2 nI ja noMdha rAkhI nAmAvalI ApavAmAM AvI che, temAM kaIkamAM47 0 ne kamI karI dIdho hoya; A kalpanAnA baLe vi ane medhAsvAti8nAM nAme najare paDe che, ApaNe medhAsvAtine 20 varSa samarpIzuM. joke A jyAre koIkamAM te nAmo nathI; jemAM che temAM te benA vibhAganA sarve maLIne bAre (athavA dasa gaNo te (44) AMdhrapatinI 19 saMkhyA che ane bIjI rIte 17 146 varSa Avaze. athavA bIjI rIte paNa 17 tathA 19 paNa kahI zakAze, kemake AMdhrapatine prathama rAjA jene karI zakAya tema che te mATe juo upara na. 45. AMka 8 mo gaNAya che tene badale, AMka 7 vALA zAtakaraNie (7) jue che. A. ke. pR. 68 mAM paNa AnA paNa amuka varSa mATe svataMtratA dhAraNa karI levAne lIdhe utArA apAyA che. tene paNa AMdhrapatinI nAmAvalImAM te gaNI zakAya ja. (48) A be nAmamA eka meghAsvAti to darekamAM che. tevI rIte chellA adhapati jene zakapravartaka rAjAnA jene AMka 11ne che. ahIM je na levAnuM ame jaNAvyuM vibhAgamAM gaye che tene paNa AMdhapatinA vibhAge gaNI che te bIje mAsvAti samajavo, jene AMka 13 me che, zakAya; matalaba ke prathama ane aMtima, bannene A madhyama matalaba ke AkhA vaMzamAM be meghAsvAti gaNavAnA che. vibhAge gaNIe, te jene ApaNe 17 gayA che tene ja (49) A medhAsvAtinA khAte 20 ne sthAne 22 varSa 19 paNa gaNI levAya ane tema thAya te saMkhyAnI vadhaghaTa hovAM joIe. eTale jema rAna hAlana khAte 65 hatA paNa karavA jarUra paNa nathI rahetI. (sarakhA paranI TIkA naM. chelle pAMcaDo rakhAyA che te prathamane AkarADI dIdho che, 18ne pAchale bhAga.) tema ahIM paNa 20 (be AMkaDA hovA chatAM) ne sthAne eka (45) A pramANe daza rAjAo; uparAMta AMdhrabhutya AMkaDe rAkhI bIje kamI karI devAyo hoya.. sAta gaNIe, eTale 17 thayA ane zaka saMvatsara khiAsa sUcanA:-A nAma sAthe, varSanI saMkhyAmAM phAve pravaryAbAda be rAjA thayA che ke jemanI pAsethI caSmaNe te 28 rAkhe ke 22 rAkhe; are tethI kamI ke vadhAre rAkhe keTalAka mulaka jItI laI dakSiNamAM hAMkI kADhyo che. eTale paraMtu naM. 7 thI 16 sudhInA ariSTa karyu sudhInA jIvanamAM te bene umeratAM 19 thaI rahe che. A pramANe be traNa rIte ke rAjakAraNane agatyatA dharAvate banAva banyAnuM noMdhAyuM 17 temaja 19 nA AMkane meLa meLavI zakAya che. jaNAtuM nathI eTale te hisAbe game tenA ekAM vadhAre (46) te dazanA rAjyasattAnI saMkhyA anukrame A kare te paNa harakata AvatI nathI; chellI ghaDIye maLI pramANe che: AvelI sAmagrI vaDe temanAM anukrama ane rAjyakALamAM 18, 12, 18, 18, 7, 7, 8, 1, 36 ane 25= amAreja pheraphAra kare paDe che. (jIe pU.38nuM lakhANa)

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dvitIya pariccheda ]. tathA rAjyakALa [ 37 tema) rAjAonA hise koI mahattvapUrNa aitihAsika gaNAvyA che te, je A vaMzano aMta I. sa. 235mAM banAva banyAnuM haju sudhI jaDI AvyuM nathI, eTale ke temane rAjyakALa 661 varSa sudhI cAlyAnuM TharAvIe anumAna ke kalpanA karavAmAM, ApaNe koI jAtanI to ja; paraMtu pR. 25 upara jaNAvyA pramANe je najIvI ke gaMbhIra prakAranI, ekAda kasura karI jatA aMta i. sa. ra61mAM AvyAnuM eTale ke A hoIzuM topaNa, ItihAsanI daSTie koIne bahu anyAya rAjyakALa 688 varSa laMbAyo hovAnuM gaNIe to vaLI karavA jevuM to thatuM nathI ja. bIjA 261-275 26 varSano gALo puro paDaze. AvI rIte be vibhAgane sudhAro karavAnI marAmata te mATe eka ja rasta rahe che te e ke, je 36 saMpUrNa thatAM have trIjo vibhAga je zakasaMvatanA sthApaka rAjAo gaNyA che tene badale traNuM umerI 39 gaNavA pachInA rAjAono che, jene TUMkamAM ApaNe zaka jethI 10+29=39nI saMkhyAne meLa50 pUro thaI rAjA tarIke saMbodhIzuM, temane che. temAM pAITara rahe. paraMtu I. sa. 261nI sAlamAM aMta Avyo sAhabanA jaNAvyA pramANe 8 rAjA ane 119 varSane hoya ema mAnavAnuM kAraNa rahetuM nathI. eTale te amala Ave che. jyAre ApaNI gaNatrIthI 10 rAjA ka95nA hAla to paDatI ja mUkavI rahe che. jyAre ane 152 varSane kALa che. paraMtu A AkharI kALa 261nA aMtanI mAnyatAne mAtra kalpanA ja TharAvavI rAjadvArI dRSTie taddana zUnyavata hovAthI, temAM paDe che tyAre pR. 25 upara jaNAvyA pramANe eka sudhAro karavAno prayAsa Adaro yA nahIM, tepaNuM badhuM vidvAne je I. sa. 702nI sAla arpaNa karI sarakhuM ja che. chatAM te khADo pUro ja hoya te, A dIdhI che te te vaLI vizeSa vicAraNIya prazna thai be chevaTanA rAjAno rAjyakALa 33 varSa (15ra ApaNuM paDa joIe.] gaNatrInAM che temAMthI 119 pAITara sAhebanI upara sUcavela traNe vibhAgIya sarva sudhArAvadhArAne gaNatrInAM bAda karatAM)ne TharAve. [ TIppaNa : ApaNI suvyavasthita goThavatAM nAmAvalIne je sAra ane gaNatrIe je 15 varSa A trIjI vibhAganA vaMzAvaLI, ubhAM thayAM che te nIce pramANe banelAM gaNAze. (1) AkhA vaMzanA 36 rAjAo : ma. sa. 100 thI 761 = I. sa. pU. 427 thI 235 sudhI. 661 varSa, 39 rAjAo : ma. sa. 100 thI 788 = I. sa. pU. 427 thI 261 sudhI. (2) AMdhrabhatyA2- 7 rAjAo H ma. saM. 100 thI 301 = I. sa. pU. 4ra7 thI 225 = 201 varSa 9 rAjao : ma. saM. 100 thI 331 =I. sa. 1, 4ra7 thI 195 = 231 , (3) AMdhrapatio - 32 rAjAo : ma. e. 301 thI 788 = I. sa. pU. 225 thI 261 =487 30 rAjAo : ma. sa. 331 thI 788 = I. sa. pU. 195 thI 261 = 416 ,, (50) a. hi. I. trIjI AvRtti. pR. 21 :- (51) te mATe AgaLa upara "rAjadhAnInuM sthAna" vALo The number of kings appears to be correctly pArigrApha jue. stated (in Puranas) as baving been thirry= (52) A AMka ja kharo TharAvo rahe che. purANamAM rAjAonI saMkhyAne 30 kahI che te barAbara (atyAre pUrve lakhela A vaMzanA ke cappaNavaMzIonA samajAya che. (TIppaNa-nava AMdhrabhAtyA apilaka sudhInA + samakAlInapaNAnA kASTakamAM je pheraphAra khAya te viroSa 0 AMkapatie= 39 ekaMdara thayA.). adhyayananA pariNuma rUpe samajI levuM). Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara. Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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38 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI IDa [ aSTama khaMDa temAMthI jAherajalAlI jogavatA- (a) vaMzAvaLImAMthI naM. 8 thI 28 sudhInA 20 + ogaNatrIsame gaNe te = 21 (A) naM. 10 thI 20 sudhInA 18 + sadara (I) , naM. 8 thI 28 (vaccenAM be nAma nathI maLatAM te kADhI nAkhIe to) 18 + 1 ,, na. 10 thI 28 (vaccenAM be nAma nathI maLatAM te kADhI nAkhIe to) 16 + 1 A pramANe bhinna bhinna vidvAnonA maMtavyane vAcakavarga, janatAnI jANa mATe prakAzita karaze evI anusarIne, ghaTato pheraphAra karIne te vaMzanA rAjAnI abhyarthanA che. akasaMkhyA, temane anukrama tathA nAma, temaja rAjya- amArA namra abhiprAya pramANe, prathamanA naMbara kALa ApaNe goThavI nAMkhyo che. paraMtu te ja pramANe 7 vizene tathA naM. 17 ane 18ne anukrama ane sarvamA che ema te ame paNa kahevAne taiyAra nathI. rAjyakALa* lagabhaga cokkasa ja che. uparAMta vaccenA eTaluM ja mAnI levAnuM ke, vizeSa adhyayanane aMge naM. 8 thI 16 sudhInA navano samagra rAjyakALa taddana tathA anya mAhitI maLatI rahI che tene anusarIne, sAce ja che, paraMtu temanA pratyekanAM nAma, anukrama ame je kAMI pheraphAra sUcavyo che, je zodhI karIne ke rAjyakALanA darzanamAM pheraphAra saMbhavita che. nIce joDela patrakamAM darzAvyo che, te pR. 26mAM naM. 1thI aMta sudhInA rAjavInI saMkhyAmAM. batAvelA patraka karatAM bhaDakAvanAre na samajAya temaja anukramamAM temaja zAsanakALanA varSa darInamAM, ame prApta vinA kAraNe ubho karAyo na lAge teTalA khAtara ja thatI sAmagrIne anulakSIne pheraphAra karyo che eTale uparane sarva prayAsa karAyela che. vaLI vidvAne e paNa zakya che ke, te traNe muddAne aMge the cheDe sudhAre je je abhiprAyo uccAryA che, te temane je je thavA pAme paNa kharo. chatAM tenuM mULa zarIra aitisAdhana sAmagrI maLI hatI, te AdhAre ja hatA; chatAM hAsika daSTie emane ema jaLavAyaluM ja rahevA pAmaze temAM sudhArAne sthAna che evuM te temanA kathana evI umeda che. uparathI paNa sacana nIkaLe che. eTale ApaNe amArI tarakanA ATalA vaktavya sAthe AkhI yathAzakti prayAsa karI je sUjhayuM te sUcavyuM che. vaMzAvaLI je amArI dhAraNA pramANe goThavAI che. vizeSa zedhaLathI vaLI je jaNAya te vicAraka te A nIce raju karI che. (50) 05nI taka naM. 5ra pramANe. * uparanI TI. na. 9 no pAchalo bhAga juo.

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dvitIya pacchika ] ra 3 nAma rAtavahana vaMzanI rAtrita vaMzAvaLI nakhara 1 : zrImukha (vAsiSTIputra) 100-113 13 427-414 vilivAyakurasa ma. sa. thI ma. sa. varSe 5 pUrNAMbhaMga (mADharIputra)16 thI I. sa. pU I. sa. pU. yajJazrI (gautamIputra) 113-144 3114 414-3 83 vilivayapurasa vadasat zrIzAtakaraNi | 144-145 10mA. 383-382 145-154 1055 zrIkRSNe pahele (vAsiSThIputra) mahika zrIzAtakaraNi 154-210 56 303-317 vAsiSmIputra vilivayakurasa 382-303 210-228 18 317-299 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat dharma jaina 33 "" 13 39 93 [3 vizeSaH hakIkata nAsikanI pazcime peMThamAM gAdI karI. rANI nAganikAnA pati; kadAca gAdI jInneramAM karI hAya. naM.20 jjiAnA zilAlekha rANI nAganikAnA putra-siMgara thADA mulaka caMdragupte athAvI pADayA chatAM, pAMtAnuM aMtaHkaraNa dASita DAvAthI te muMgA rahyo hatA. rANI nAganikAnA putra; umara lAyaka thatAM krIne gAdI upara AvyeA. jenA rAjya jaina sAhityamAMnA bhadrabAhu varAhamihiranI nyAtiSa vidyAnA jJAnanI seAMTinA prasaMgA banyA hatA. AnA rAjyakALa viSe blDama pariccheda lekha naM. 30 jue. paiMDa (pratiSThAnapura)mAMthI gAdI pheravI, ennAkaTaka-amarAvatImAM lai gayA. kaliMgapati banyA hatA. (54) zilalikha na. 20 nuM varNana, SaSThama pariccheda jue. (kA. AM. re. pra. pR. 39), Two of the Pulumavi's predecessors seem to have borne the title of Vilivayakura in the district of Kolhapur=punnumAvInA e pUrvajoe kAnhApura jIllAmAM 'vilivAcakura'nAM bic meLavyAM hatAM. ahIM punnumAvI eTale na. 18 samajavA ane naM. 2 tathA na, ka vALAnAM paNate biruda samajavAM tathA temanAM rAyA tyAMsudhI vistaravA pAmyAM hatAM ema samajavuM. (55) ja, eDa eM. rA. e. sA. (navI AvRtti) pu. 3. pR. 13:--Simukh...was succeeded by his younger brother Kxsna, who ruled for 18 years=zimukha pachI tenA bhAi kRSNa gAdIe beThA hatAM, teNe 18 varSa rAjyaM karyuM che; purANakAre vaMzAvaLI ApI che (kA. AM. re. 4: pU. 68) temAM ghaNA pheraphAro karavA paDhayA che. aDhAramAMthI 10 kRSNanA khAte rAkhI 8 gautamIputramAM laI javA paDayA che. (56) kA. AM. 2. pR. 27, pArA, 35 His (Vasisthipatra Vilivayakura) (coin Nos. 57 & 59) www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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40 ] naMbara nAma ' ske dhatUM bha-kRSNe ro 228-246 1775 299282 (gautamIputra) viliAyakurasa(?) 7 vAsiSThIputra zAtakara i246-302 565| 282-225 lakheAdara zatavahana vaMzanI zAdhita vaMzAvaLI ma. saM. thI ma. sa. I. sa. pU. thI I. sa. pU. 302-320 18 225-200 huM ApithikaApilaka 320-332 12 201-125 10 | bhAvi-AvI 332-344 12 195-183 12 | saudAsa-saMdhasvAti 11pa7 medhasvAti pahele 18 344-382 38 183-145 382-411 29 145116 dharma Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat jaina vaidika : .. 33 [ aThThama khaDa jaina vizeSa hakIkata priyadarzita kaliMganA yuddhamAM prathama harAvela te khIjI vakhate tenA putra na. te harAvyA. upara pataMjalibhakta : naM. 6 nI hakIkata juo. khe azvamedha karyAM hatA. I. sa. pU. 196 (pu. 3, pR. 93) vidarbhanA saradAranI putrI mAlavikAne zRMgapati agnimitra paraNyA. prathama jene kAlikasUri zyAmArthe- vaidika (yannAkAra) jaina AcArye pachIthI pratiSedhI jaina banAvyA : jaina A kAlikasUri zuMgavaMzI khaLamitra bhAnumitranA mAmA thatA hatA jemane bhara cAmAse avaMti cheADI, dakSiNamAM AvavuM paDayuM hatuM. nahapANa kSatrapa ane rUSabhadattanA hAthe hArI gayA te. lekha na. 31-35. position as predecessor to Mathariputra (SS 36) and Gautamiputra ($ 37)=mAtharIputranI (pArA 36) tathA gautamIputra (pArA naM. 37)nI pUrve thai gayA tarIkenI sthiti vAsihIputra niliyAyakaranI gaNavI. (tenA sikkA na'. 57 ane 5 juo). (57) na. 11 thI 16 sudhInA anukrama tathA rAjyakALane aMge karavA paDela pheraphAra mATe jIo TI. na. 49nA pAblo bhAga. (58) zRMgapati edraka ane bhAga (balamitra zAnumitra)nA samakAlina, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvitIya paDia ] nakhara 13 medhasvAti khIje nAma 14 16 | mahedra-dIpaNa (naM. 15 nA mATeA putra ane na. 18 to pitA) 18 rANI sUbhadrA (vAsiSThIgAtrI) zatavahana vaMzanI zAdhita vaMzAvaLI ma.sa. thI ma.sa. mRgendra 15 svAtika ~~ rANI 435452 17 9275 khaLazrI (gautamagAtrI) hAla zAlivAhana vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNi; pulumAvI; kuMtala; naM. 16 nA putra ane naM. 15 to pautra. na. 17nA bhatrIjo. 411-414 17 | ariSTaka-riktavarNa 455-480 vikRSNa, naimikRSNa gautamIputra zAtakari; naM. 15nA putra, nA 16nA nAma bhAI tathA naM. 18nA kAkA. varSe i. sa. pU. thI i. sa. pU. 414-435 21 113-92 3 116-113 452455 3 05-02 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (59) A TI, na. 49 nA pAchalA bhAga, } 25 72-47 480-145 655947-4. sa. 18 dharma jaina 33 33 "9 22 "" [ 41 vizeSa hakIkata nahupANunA pradhAna ayame jene hAra khavarAvI hatI te. lekha naM. 35. gAdI aMtarajikAmAM hAvAnuM (sthAnanI khAtrI nathI) saMbhave che je vata mAna aura gAbAdanI AsapAsamAM haze; kadAca varazula ke amarAvatI paNa hAya. gAdIsthAna mATe naM 13 mAM juo. gAdityAga karyAM. saMbhave che ane kadAca dIkSA paNa lIdhI hAya. (juA zilAlekha naM. 8 -whose son is living te A putra samajavA). zakAri vikramAdityanA sahAyaka ane Restored the glory of forefathers vALA nAsika zilAlekhatA mukhya saMcAlaka. gardabhIlavALA kAlikasUri bIjAne samakAlIna. saMbhava che ke, naM. 17 gAdIe beThA pachI naM. 18 mA janma thayA haze. jainAcArya pAdaliptasUri, ane nAgArjunanA samakAlIna, mauya caMdragupta samrATavALA sAMcInA stUpamATe dAna denAra. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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zatavAhana vaMzanI zadhita vaMzAvalI [ aSTama khaMDa naMbara nAma ma. se. thI ma. sa. | ST i. sa. thI | ' | i. sa. vizeSa hakIkata I. sa. I. sa. 545-553 | 8 | 18-26 | | matalaka puridrasena 553-559 6 26-32 21] suMdara zatakaraNi 559-559 6 mAsa 32-32 , 22 | cAra 559-162 7 562-65 40 32-35 , 35-8 vaidika (?) zIvasvAti 24 gautamIputra zatakaraNi 605-626 21 78-29 , jenA prasaMgamAM daivI saMga banyo che paNa vastu zaMkAspada lAge che. zaka pravartaka i. sa. 78 = ma. sa. 65. (8) - I. sa. 105mAM saurASTra lIdhuM. nAnAvATavALA.zilAlekha naM. 18. 25 catrapaNa vAsiSThIputra da26-649 23 9-122 zAtakaraNa (10) ja, ba. e. je. e. se. navI AvRtti pu. 3. pU. 80:-It is worthy of note, however that the Vayupurana mentions a Satakarni after Pulumavi and this probably refers to Vasisthiputra Satakarni of the Nanaghat inscription (C. A. R. Insc. 18). Pandit Bhagwanlal, who discovered this inscription regarded Chatrapana Vasisthiputra Satakarni mentioned therein as the immediate successor of PolamavisdhavA lAyaka che ke, vAyupurANamAM pulamAvI pachI (eka) zAtakaraNinuM nAma Ave che ane te nAnAdhATa lekha (ke. A. 2. na. 18)vALa vAsiNIputra zAtakaraNi hevAnuM hadeze che. paMDita bhagavAnalAlajI jemaNe A (nAnApATa) zilAlekha zodhI kADhaye che, teo temAM jaNAvela catrapaNu vasiSThIputra zAtakaraNine pulumAvInI pachI tarata ja gAdIe AvyAnuM mAne che. aimAruM TIppaNaAmAM pulamAvI je lakhela che te naM. 18 vALe rAjA hAla jANa. benA samaya vacce lagabhaga eka sadInuM aMtara eke che, paNa temaNe lipi ukela uparathI nirNaya karavAmAM bhUla khAdhI khAya che ema che. bulare darzAvela nirNaya 5thI samajAya che.] Ibid pp. 81:-The name Vasisthiputra Satakarni indicates that the king was identical with the king referred to in Kanheri inscription (C. A. R. no. 22) vAsiSIputra sAtakaraNi nAma ja kahI Ape che ke, (ke. A. 2. na. 22) karInA lekhamAM jaNAvela na ja te che.

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dvitIya pacchika ] nakhara 26 pulumAvI Ajo 1 1 gAtamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNa nAma 29 .. 31 kara zatavahana vazanI zAdhita vaMzAvaLI I. sa. thI I. sa. ma. sa. thI ma. sa. 28 zivasyuM dha(gautamIputra) 707-714 yajJazrI zAMtakaraNa (vAsiSThIputra ?) traNa rAjAra 27 | zivazrI(vAsiSThIputra) 680-707 27 153-180 64-680 31 thaye 744-780 . 714-744 30 187-217 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 122-153 vaidika () Azare 35 180-187 dha 217-2para "" 22 [ 43 vizeSa hakIkata jenA kAThiyAvADamAMthI sikkA maLe che. naM. 21 nAsika tathA naM. 22 ane 23 kanherI lekhavALA caoSNunA samakAlIna. caoSNuvaMzI kSatrapAe dakSiNanA uttara bhAgamAMthI haThAvI dIdhA jethI vanavAsIvijayaMtanagaravALA pradezamAM rAjagAdI laI gayA. (11) pu. 4 mAM A vaMza ane caNava'zIenA samakAlinapaNe batAvela kASTakamAM je pheraphAra dekhAya te vizeSa acacananuM pariNAma samajavuM. (62) A rAjAonAM nAma kA. cyAM. 2, pra. pR. 42mAM zrIrUdra, zrIkRSNa Ijo ane zrIcaMdra khInne; evI rIte nAMdhyA che. sAthe TIkA karI che ke 'Eastern division'; eTale ke AMdhrarAjya be bhAgamAM vaheMcAi gayuM hatuM temAMnI pU bhAgamAM" rAja karatI zAkhAnAM A nAmeA che, jyAre ApaNe dakSiNamAM rAja karatI zAkhA sAthe nisbata gaNA, mATe te nAmeA ahIM lakhyAM nathI paNa khAlI rAkhyAM che, tathA ta yAre AnyA te cokasa nahAvAthI, aMdAjI samaya nAMkhyA che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tRtIya pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra -apra ane AMdhra zabdanI vizeSapaNe ApelI samajAtI-AMdhra prajAnI utpatti para karela laMbANathI carcA pariNAme te vaMzanA sthApakanA mAtA, pitA, jJAti, samaya tathA sthAna upara pADela prakAza- mULa vaMzamAMthI tenA sthApake pitAnI zAkhA ja hI kema pADI tenAM kAraNanI lIdhela tapAsa tathA te uparathI tarI AvatA keTalAya navIna muddAonuM Apela nirUpaNa -IphavAku vaMzI temaja brAhmaNagotrI vyaktione kayA varSamAM samAveza karI zakAya, te bAbatamAM tathA nAgara, khatrI ane kSatriya Adi zabda bAbatamAM keTalAka vidvAnoe raju karelAM maMtavya - AMdhrabhAtyA ane AMdhra tarIke oLakhAtA rAjAo vacce Apela taphAvata tathA ItihAsamAM kene kene ane kayA samaye te birU joDI zakAya tene karela vivAda ane tenI spaSTatA karI batAvavA ApeluM koSTaka-$gatya ane AMdhrabhutya zabdanI karela sarakhAmaNuM- Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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vatIya pariccheda ] sthitinI samAlocanA zatavahanavaMza (cAlu) evo zabda joDI kaDhAyo dekhAya che. eTale zaMkA uparanA prathama paricchede pR. 1 thI 8 sudhImAM rahita thai cUkayuM ke, te vaMzane apradeza sAthe vadhAre AMdhra ane aMdha zIrSakanA vivaraNamAM ApaNe batAvI nahI to utpattinA sthAnanI rUie kaI rIte saMbaMdha gayA chIe ke:-- nathI, nathI te nathI ja, (1) aMdha zabda dezavAcaka che ane tenI hastI aMdha zabdanI vicAraNuM A pramANe thaI rahI I. sa. nA trIjAthI chaThThA saikA tene te mULamAMthI ja dAbI devAI che. have AMka sthitinI vacce thavA pAmI hoya ema saMbhave zabda vize vicArIe. te zabdanuM prathamadarzana purAsamAlocanA che (jAe pR.4). vaLI aMdhazanI Nika graMthomAM thayuM dekhADayuM che. jo ke te graMthanA hada bAMdho batAvavAmAM paNa sarva nirmANa viSe lekhaka (mi. resana) pite zaMkAspada vidvAna ekamata thatA nathI (juo pR. 8). che, chatAM dalIlanI khAtara mAnI lo ke, temanI (2) AMdha zabda prajAvAcaka che, ane te zabdanuM mAnyatA sAcI ja che, to paNa te zabda vahelAmAM prathama darzana mi. repsananA jaNAvyA pramANe aitarIya vahelo I. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI ke chaThThI sadImAM ja brAhmaNa nAmanA granthamAM thayuM che. A granthanuM nirmANa vaparAto zarU thayo hato eTale te nakkI thayuM ja, ane I. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI sadImAM thayAnuM manAyuM che graMthakArane anyathA lakhavAnuM koI kAraNa hoya ja zuM? (juo pR. 3). tema vaLI ApaNe paNa A vaMzanI AdI ma. saM. (3) A vaMzanA rAjAoe aneka zilAlekha 4ra7mAM eTale I. sa.nI pUrve pAMcamI sadImAM thayAne kotarAvela che temaja sikkAo paDAvyA che. chatAM e kemAM pUravAra karyuM che. eTale A banne vastu svataMtrapaNe temaNe potAnAM nAma sAthe, aMdha ke AMdhra-te bemAMthI astitvamAM AvelI chatAM eka bIjAne Take batAvatI eka zabda ja nathI (jAo pR. 12 tathA 16). AvI gaI che. eTale te sthitine ApaNe hAla te upara batAvela traNa kathanane prathama darzanIya zaMkArahita satya tarIke svIkArI levI rahe che. tyAre purAvA tarIke lekhI te upara have vivAda karIe ke prazna e thAya che ke, te vaMzanA rAjAoe zA mATe temAMthI kaI sthiti prApta thAya che kharI? ApaNe te zabdano upayoga potAnA nAma sAthe karavAnuM joI gayA chIe ke A vaMzanI sthApanA ma. sa. 100= durasta dhAryuM nathI ? zuM temAM temane hINapata lAgatI I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM thai che jyAre "aMdha' zabda jene hatI ke bIjI koI avakaLA temAM samAyelI hatI ? raeNzacaka gaNyo che tenuM astitva ja i. sanI kucha te ApaNe jovuM rahe che. temAM uMDA utaravA pUrve je ane chaThThI sadInI vacce thayuM batAvAya che. vacce vidvAnenAM kathanane Azraya laIne ApaNe "AMdha thaeluM mAnavAne badale, vahelAmAM vaheluM vaparAyAnA zabdane prajAvAcaka TharAvyA che tenI tapAsa prathama lai samayanI gaNanA laIe to paNa I. sa.nI trIjI levI rahe che. zatAbdI te kharI ja, matalaba ke, te vaMzanI utpatti a. hi. I. nuM avataraNa (juo pR. 2) kahe che thayA bAda lagabhaga sAtasothI AThaso varSe athavA ke, "je prajAne meTa samUha-telugu bhASA bole che have ApaNe jANItA thayA chIe ke te vaMzane aMta paNa te asala gaNAtI DevIDIananA pratinidhirUpa cheH i. sa. 23 5mAM AvI gayo hato eTale te samaye AMdhraprajA paNa te DevIDIana ja che I. I." A bAda ja te zabda vaparAvo zarU thayo che. A uparathI zabdo bArikIthI tapAsatAM mAlUma paDe che ke, majakura puravAra thAya che ke, te vaMzanI utpatti te eka bAju vidvAne AMdhra prajAne bhale vIDIana kahI dIdhI che rahI, paraMtu aMta AvI gayA bAda ja, aMdhadeza" paraMtu tenuM vidhAna uccAravAne temaNe kAMi kAraNe Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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AMdhra prajAnI utpatti viza 4 ] rajI karyAM lAgatAM nathI. tevI ja rIte aa. AM, re.nA vidvAna lekhakanA zabdo (jue pR. 3) pazu emaja khele che ke, "tene (AMdhrane) dakSiNa hiMdamAMnI aneka jAtiomAMnI eka tarIke lekhI che. pAchaLanA samayanI peThe, te samaye paNa temanuM vatana...telugu dezamAM hatuM I. I." eTale ke, temaNe (purANunA kathananA AdhAre) AMdhrane eka jAti tarIke oLakhAvI che kharI, paraMtu tenA sthAna mATe purANanA kathananA AdhAre temanuM maMtavya nathI thatuM, tyAM te pote ja peAtAnuM anumAna karI vALyuM. che ke, "pAchaLanA samayanI peThe, te samaye paNa temanuM vatana telugu dezamAM hatuM." matalaba ke repsana sAhekhe paNa AMdhraprajAne telugu dezanI prajA tarIke--utpattinI dRSTie vicAratAM--TharAvavAne kAMI AdhArapUrvaka vAta karI nathI. A pramANe banne vidvAnonAM kathananI khArika tapAsa letAM, te AdhArarahita puravAra thatAM dekhAyAM. che. bAkI eTalA teA jarUra te bannenA kahevAmAMthI sAra nIkaLe cheja ke AMdhraprajAne telugu deza--telugu bhASA kheAlatI prajAnA deza sAthe' pAchaLathI eTale temanI utpatti thaI gayA bAda (pachI ceADe kALe ke *NA lAMkhe kALe te prazna bIje che) nikaTa saMbaMdha joDAyA hatA ja. ane banavAjoga che ke te vakhate jevI sthiti hatI tevI ja sthiti tenI pUrvanA bhUtakALamAM paNa haze evuM kalpI laIne ja temaNe varNana karI dIdhuM hAya. A jo ke ApaNuM tattvagrahaNu che. parantu te vAstavika dekhAya che, kemake prAcIna samayanA bhAratIya granthAnA AdhAre athavA te tenA ja avataraNarUpe je zabdo, lakhAyA che te teA saMbhALapUrvaka ja uccArAyA lAge che. jemake (1) The Home of the so called Andhras (jIe pR.5)=kahevAtI AMdhra prajAnuM vatana=(eTale ke jene AMdhra prajA kahevAya che; paraMtu temane ja AMdhra prajA kahI zakAya ke kema te AkAspada che) (2) Satavahanas were not (1) chatAM khUbI e che ke, kAI nAmAMkita anyavidvAnA lakhe(AdhArasahita heAya te te kAMi eTalavApaNuM haeNca ja nahIM, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ aSTama khaDa Andhras (jI) pR. 5)=zatavahana vaMza AMdhraprajA naheAtI eTale ke temane eka rIte AMtraprajA kahI pazu na zakAya (3) The founder of the dynasty was born at Paithan ( jIe rR. 5)te vaMzanA mULa puruSa paiThaNamAM janmyA hatA. (eTale ke Adi purUSanuM janmasthAna paiThaNamAM kharUM, paraMtu tethI tenI utpatti paNa paiThaNamAM hatI ema na ja kahevAya. kemake garbhavatI strIo prasUti vakhate peAtAnA sAsarethI mahiyaramAMghaNI vakhata jAya che, eTale bALakanuM janmasthAna te tenI pedAzanuM sthAna na gaNAya. vaLI ahiM te paiThaNu batAvyuM che je dakSiNa hiMdanA pazcima bhAgamAM AveluM che; jyAre aMdezane sarva vidyAnAe dakSiNa hiMdanA pUrva bhAgamAM mAnyA che), A pramANe mULa graMthe! uparathI avataraNa karAyelA akSarA sAvacetI pUrvakanA udgArA kADhe che. A badhuM kahevAnA tAtparya eTalA ja che ke, AMdhra zabda prajAsUcaka che. vaLI te prajAne dakSiNa hiMda sAthe pAchaLathI saMbaMdha joDAyA samajAya che parantu temanI utpattinuM sthAna mahu anizcita dekhAya che. bAkI te vaMzanA rAjAoe te nAmathI peAtAne eALakhAvyA nathI. eTale ke, tAravavA TharAvelI hakIkatamAMthI hajI ardhA bhAga ja ApaNe zodhI zakayA chIe. khAkI rahela bhAganI tapAsa have karIe. mi. repsana, jeNe eka ayaMga sikkAzAo tarIke sArI nAmanA meLavI che temaNe prathama " AMdhra jAtiyAH " evA zabdo lakhInera temanI utpatti vize peAtAnA vicAra jaNAvyA che ke. The four Pu ranas, which have been independently examined, agree in stating that the first of the Andhra kings rose to power by slaying Susherman, the last AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize paraMtu) te AdhAravinAnuM hoya taye, sarve tene vadhAvI lye che. (2) OM, AM. 3. pu. 64. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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- ------- tRtIya paricheda ] AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize [ 47 of the Kanvas. In three of them be hato. matalaba ke zuddha jAtimAM paNa atyaMta is called Shimukh; in the fourth he is nIca keTIne lekhavyo che. A uparathI eTaluM cokkasa simply described as a strong Sudra, thAya che, ke purANanA maMtavya pramANe adha te jAti Vrshalo Bali" (The commentator re- 5ratve nAma lAge che ane tevI zakajAtimAM rAjA gards Bali as a proper name)=je cAra zimukha janmyA hatA. pro. viliyamsanI saMskRta-aMgrejI paurANika granthoke svataMtra rIte tapAsI jovAyA che te DikSanerImAM AMdhra zabdanI vyAkhyA ApatAM jaNuvyuM sarve ekamata che ke, kanvavaMzanA chelA purUSa suzarmanane che ke, a man of low caste (the offspring mArI nAMkhIne AMdhrapatiomAMne prathama puruSa sattA of a Vaideha father and Karwarmother, upara Avyo che. temAMnA traNa graMthamAM tenuM (prathama who lives by killing game=halakA varNane rUSana) nAma zimukha jaNAvyuM che jyAre cothAmAM tene puruSa (jenA mAbApamAM. pitA videhadezano vatanI mAtra vRSalebali=halakI jAtano zo tarIke varNavyo che che ane mAtA kAravAra pradezanI athavA karavara jAtinI (atra TIkAkAra baline vizeSanAma tarIke lekhe che)" che je pAradhine dhaMdhe karI peTa gujAro kare che). A vAkayamAMnI anya hakIkato sAthe atyAre ApaNe je ke haju ApaNe rAjA zrImukhanA mAbApa keNuM saMbaMdha nathI eTale te javA daIzuM. je jANavAnuM che hatA tenI zodha calAvavI rahe che, paraMtu uparanA te eTaluM ja ke, AMdhrapatinA prathama puruSanuM nAma kathanamAMthI ema sAra nIkaLato jaNAya che ke, tene zikha hatI ema traNa paurANika saMghe kahe che. ane pitA videhadezane (mukhyatve karIne tenI rAjadhAnI cUMtho ema kahe che ke te purUSa atyaMta jAtine vizALAnagarI che tenA) vatanI hato ane enI mAtA ) A cAra purANenAM nAme A pramANe che. masya, canI aDhAramAMnI eka peTA jAti hatI. kahevAno matalaba vAyu, viSNu ane bhAgavata; AgaLa u5ra juo. e che ke, AvI kSatriyajAtinA purUSa ane karavara (4) A zabdano sAmAnya artha zuM karAya che ane jAtinI mAtAnA peTe janmela e je purUSa te AMka. kharA artha zuM thaI zake te mATe caMdragupta mauryanA vakhate ( tyAre te Adha, e kaI amuka jJAtinuM nAma ja thayuM; 5. 25.140, TI. naM. 26 tathA pR. 171, TI. naM. 29 juo. keI paNa zuddha jAtinuM sAmAnya nAma nathI), sarakhA [nAgapura yunivarsiTIvALA che. DokaTara eca. sI. zeTha pR. 6; tathA AgaLanA pRSThanuM lakhANa. jaNAve che ke, Likely the word VSal which per- AmAM kAravAra mAtA'no artha e rIte besADI zakAya. haps originally meant, one beloning to a keIkavAra (muMbaI ilAkAne eka pradeza jemAM kAravAra nAmanuM non-brahmanical and heretical sect: te ja vidvAna zahera Avela che sarakhA AgaLamAM AvatuM varNana; belagAma, vaLI jaNAve che ke, I suggest that Vrsal as used dhAravADa, kelahApura vagere mATAmeTA nagara jyAM Avela che in connection with Chandragupta is the ane je pradezamAMthI cuTukAnaMda, mULAnaMda vagerenA sikkA maLI sanskritised form of "Basileus (Prakrit form AvyA che tathA je pradeza upara kadaMbajAtinA purUSonI of which will be Basal) which was the rAjasattA cAlyAnuM itihAsa jaNAve che te nI vatanI evI Greek equivalent of Rajan (king) ). mAtA. (2) karavara jAtimAM janmelI evI mAtA ke (5) videha dezane rahIza te vaideha kahevAya. zabdakoSa. je karavara jAti haMmezAM pAradhinI peThe paMkhIono zikAra kAranuM kahevuM ema che ke, rAjya pramukhane pitA videha karIne peTa gujAre calAvatI hatI. paraMtu bane arthane bhegA dezane vatanI hatA, pu. 1mAM vizALA nagarInuM varNana karIe te, kAravAra gAmamAM rahetI ane pAradhine dhaMdho karatI Apela che. te dezane videha kahetA ane tene te samayanA tethI karavarInA nAmathI oLakhAtI, evI drajAtinI mAtArAnanuM nAma ceTaka hatuM, ema jaNAvyuM che. te badhA licchavI teNInA peTe tene janma thayo hato ema kahevuM thayuM. natinA kSatriya hatA. licchavI jAti paNa saMtrIjI kSatri- (6) juo uparanI TIkA naM. pane uttarabhAga, Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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48 ] AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize muMbaI pralAkAnI DeDa daSTimAM Avela evA kAnhApura rAjyanA pradezanI kASTaka zUdrajAtimAM janmelI hatI. A pramANe dUra dUra paDela purUSa ane strInuM milana kyI rIte thavA pAmyuM hatuM. athavA tevA strIpuruSanuM yugala te karyuM hatuM, tenI tapAsa karatAM vaLI je dekhAI. bhAve te kharUM. parantu rAjA zimukhanA tathA tenA vaMzajonA je sikkA hAlamAM ApaNane prApta thayA che, temAM tIra kAmaThuM (Bow and arrows)jene kahevAya tevI khAkRti kAtarAyelI spaSTapaNe dekhAya eTale upara darzAvelI hakIkatane samarthana maLatuM hoya evuM sahaja anumAna dArI zakAya che. vaLI eka lekhaka, jemaNe khAsa karIne dakSiNa hiMdanA itihAsa - tA ja abhyAsa karIne graMthalekhana karyuM che te jaNAve che 3,7 There was also a Nanda-with the Kadambas. Very little is raja of Kalinga, from whom some four Kshatriya clans of Andhra-desh ire descended; so says a Telugu version=telugu sAhityamAM ema jaNAvAyuM che ke, kaliMgadezanA kAka nA nAme rAA hatA, jemAMthI aMdezanI kSatriya prajAnI cAra jAtinA udbhava thayA gaNAma che. eTale telugu sAhityane AdhAre lekhaka mahAzaya ema kahevA mAMge che ke aMdezamAM kSatriya prajAnA je cAra vibhAgA thayA che tenI (7) jai. sa. i. bhAga 2, pR. 4, TI. naM. 1. (8) dakSiNahiMdanI mukhya bhASAnuM mULa DrAviDicana sTroka (Dravidian Stock) gaNAya che. tenI cAra zAkhA che (1) telugubhASA je hAla nijhAmI rAjyamAM khelAya che athavA je pradezane tenI bolAtI bASA parathI tela'gaNe pradeza tarIke oLakhAvAya che te (2) tamila je madrAsa ilAkAmAM meTAbAgamAM belAya che te)narIjha->hAla mahIsura rAjyamAM tathA muMbaI izAgrAnA kAnArA prAMtamAM beAya che te (4) ane malAyama hiMdanA ema dakSiNa mAM bahurA,kaMpa bhAvIna, kAcIna, malabAra i.mAM bAthAya che te. ATalA varNana uparathI samajAze ke, jene AMdhra pradeza tarIke oLakhAvyA che te dezanI bhASA telugu che, teja telugusASAnA sAhityaAdhAre AmaprajAnI saMpatti jaNAvAI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ aThThama aDa utpatti kaliMgapati rAjAnaMdamAMthI thavA pAmI che. Ama jaNAvatAM kRtrima jAtanA cAra vibhAge kayA ? kaliMgapati naMdarAjA ka. ? te be muddA viSe kAMI sphATa karyo nathI. parantu AgaLa jatAM temaNe je vAkaya lakhyuM che, te uparathI ApaNane panA doDAvavAne puSkaLa khaLa maLI jAya che. temanuM kathana A pramANe che. -- The Andhras of the the Talevaha river (referred to in the Jataka stories of the sixth century B. C.) the contemporaries of Kharvel must likewise have been Jains, as also the Nagas, in alliance with them and the Sendraka-Nagas in alliance known about these Andhras, except they were immigrants into the lands inhabited by the Kalingas and the Telingas. Whether they belonged to the Satvahan clan or not, is difficult to determine=levADha nadI (taTe vaselI) AMdhraprana (jemanuM varNanara i. sa. pU.nI chaThThI sadInI jAtA kayAmAM Ave che.) je khAravelanA samayanI13 che te paNa jainadharmAM ja haze;14 jevI rIte nAga che eTale te abhiprAya vizeSa vajanadAra gaNavA rahe che, (9) e nIcenuM TI, na, 19. (10) juo nIcenuM TI, na. 26 (11) tuma te ja pustAmAM bAga 2, 5, 74. (12) je AMdhraprajAnuM vana i. sa. pU.nI chaThThI (athavA pAMcanI) sImAM cAcarI kayAmyAmAM nIkaLatuM TrAya tenA (tenA AgharAnta zrImukhane) samaya te puSyamitra zRMgapatine eTale i. sa. pU.nI bIcha sadInA kahevAya ke ApaNe TharAvela i. sa. pU.nI pAMcamI sadInA kahevAya ! (13) khAravelanA samaca paNa A uparathI (bruA uparanI TIkA naM. 12) i. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI sadI ne! puravAra thAya che. (14) atra AMdhrapAne jainadharmAnuyAyI kahI che. ApaNe www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvitIya pariccheda ] AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize prajApa tathA temanI sAthenI suMdraka nAgaprajAja jainadhamAM ja hatI (2) tevI ja rIte nAga, seMkanAga, tathA temanI sAthenI kadaMbaprajA17 (jenadhamAM che)18 ane kadaMba prajA paNa jainadharmI hatI (3) A badhuM tema; (chatAM) AMdhra vize to kAMI ja jANavAmAM varNana I. sa. pU.nI chaThThI sadI (Azare)mAM racAyelI AvyuM nathI. sivAya ke kaliMga19 ane teliMga dezanA jAtaka kathAomAM apAyela che. (4) jema anya vatanIo je bhUmi upara vasela hatA te dezamAM teo leke kaliMga ane teliMga dezamAM AvI vasyA hatA Agataka tarIka20 AvI rahyA hatA. teo zatavahana tema AMdhraprajA paNa bahArathI AvIne tyAM vasI kuLanA hatA ke kema teno nirNaya karavo karina che." hatI(eTale ke te dezanA mULa vatanI teo nahotA) eTale temane kahevuM ema thAya che ke (1) jema khAra.. (5) A AMdhraprajA te zatavAhana vaMzavALA ja hatA ke vela jena hato tema tenI samakAlina AMdhraprajA 5Na kema te vizenA nirNaya karavAnuM kAma ati muzkela che, paNa te ja matane maLatA chIe ema AgaLa upara purAvA (2) Kotas of Dhanya Kataka= dhAnya kaTakanI ApIne sAbIta karIzuM. khAravela ane AMdhra prajA bane keTaprajA. . jenaSama che. (3) Pusapaties of Bezwada (0239131-l (15) nAgaprajA eTale naMdavaMzI kSatriyo kahevAnI pUsApati prajA) and Pusapadu (pUsapa6) of vijamatalaba che. zizunAgavaMzI te mATe nAgavaMza ane naMda- yanagar (khAravele je dehasaMghAta teDayAnI athavA traNanI vaMza te nAnA nAgavaMza. (juo pu. 1mAM varNana) A u5rathI saMkhyAmAM kAMIka teDayAnI je hakIkata hAthIguMphA lekhamAM naMdane TakamAM nAgavaMza paNa kahevAya che. tenI prajA te paMkti 11mAM jaNAvI che te A pradezane lagatI hakIkata haze nAgaprana athavA zizunAga ane naMdavaMzI sarva kSatriyenI ema paNa amAruM mAnavuM thAya che. sarakhAvo pu.4, pR. 299 prajAne paNa nAgavaMzI kahI zakAya. nI hakIkta). (16) u5ranI nAgaprajAne koI vizeSa bhAga haze. amuka (4) Kosars = kesara prajA. jAtanI kriyAo te karatA hoya athavA amuka praderAmAM te (4) Vadgus = 439) Hort. vasI rahI hoya jene lIdhe AvuM khAsa nAma apAyuM lAge che. Ama lakhIne umeryuM che ke, All these were (17) A uparathI sAbita thayuM ke, kadaMbaprajA mULe to ' shaivites, some of them ( or perhaps all ) nAgaprajAno aMza ja che (ApaNe paNa pu. 1mAM naMdivardhana may have been Buddhits or Jains during the sape A prakArano ullekha karyo che). satavahan period = A sarve zaivamAgI prajA hatI. (18) A sarvaprajA jainadhama hatI ema pu. 1mAM temAMnA keTalAka (bake sarva) zatavahananA rAjyakALe bauddhazizunAga ane naMdavaMzI rAjAonA dharma vizenuM varNana dhamI ke jainadhamAM haze. (amAruM TIppaNa-zatavahana prajAnA karatAM sAbita karI gayA chIe. Adi samaye rAjA pote ja jainadharma pALatA hatA eTale (19) upara traNa prajAnAM nAma ApI gayA chIe jevI temanI jAtavALA sarva jainadhama ja hatA. AgaLa jatAM temAMnA ke, nAga, seMdrakanAga, ane kadaMba, jyAre ahIM AMdha jaNAvyuM keTalAke vaidikamata grahaNa karyuM hatuM, paraMtu kadApI bauddha eTale lekhaka mahAzayanI gaNatrI pramANe kSatriyanA cAra to teo thayA ja nathI. eTale uparanI sarve kSatriya jAtio vibhAga rAjAnaMdamAMthI udabhavyA che te A cAra vibhAga moTAbhAge jaina hatI ane thoDA samaya mATe vaidika hatI). ja devA joIe. (juo uparanI TIka naM. 9) paraMtu A (20) AgaMtuka tarIke AMdhrane lekhyA che eTale ema lekhake, te ja pustakamAM pR. 20 thI 25mAM 5 clans of thayuM ke jema talavAha nadInI AsapAsa bIjI prajA AvI Andhra Rajputs or Kshatriya clans = AMdha vasI hatI tema AMdhraprajA paNa bahArathI AvIne te praderajaputa athavA kSatriyavarNanI pAMca jAtie, evA zabda zamAM vasI hatI. temanI utpattinuM sthAna ahIM nahotuM lakhIne nIce pramANe temanAM nAma lakhyAM che. (sarakhA pR. 1thI 8 sudhImAM aMpradeza ane AMdhraprajAnI (1) Kakatiyas of warrangul = varaMgaLanI utpati vize anya vidvAnonA vicAro). kAtiya praja. (21) jAo paranI TI. naM 12. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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AMdhra prAnI utpatti vize 50 eTale ke jema zrutavahunavaMzI AMdhraprajAmAM gaNAya che, tema ahIM vasI rahelI AMdhraprajA paNa temane ja lagatI hatI ke kema te kahevuM muzkela che. matalaba ke tri zabda, mAtra caitavanavaMzI mATeja vaparAya che ema nathI, paraMtu temAM te anya prajAne paNa samAveza thai zake che. eTale mAMdhraprazna te sAmAnya nAma thayuM. ane tenA eka aMza te mRtavana vaMza ( sarakhAvA pR. 6. nuM "khANa; temaja ( nuM upara TI. naM. pa mAMnI mULa hakIkata . A pramANe potAne lagatI azakayatA- muzkelInuM varNana karIte, teja pustakamAM Do. buphphara jevA bhASAzAstrInuM thatuM maMtavya temanA ja zabdomAM jaNAve che. Dr. Buhler is of opinion that it was the Kadamba script that latterly developed into the Telugu Kanarese or Andhra-Karnata variety of south Indian alphabets. This lends colour to the suggestion that the (22) hai. sa. 4. 2, 5. puchya (27) A hakIkata gAmaTezvaranI mUrtinA samaya nia mATe kadAca upayAgI thavA sabhava che. (24) DaoN. byulara batAvela. vicAramAMthI te atra evuM vAthI hAya che ke, prathama vidhi hatI te bhAra AMdhra, telugu, nArI vagere ubhI thai che athavA lipi AdhAre prajAnAM nAmeA gaNAvIe te kadabaprAmAMthI, AMtra ane dakSiNa hiMdanI bIcha pramanA hrasava thayo gaNAya che. . Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ma buddha Andhra and Kadambas together contributed to the earliest growth of the fine arts and culture of these Andhra and Karnata province=3). jIhArano mata ema thAya che ke, kadaMbalipinA pAchaLathI vikAsa thatAM telugu-kaeNnerI athavA gAMdha-karNIDha jAtanI dakSiNa hindanA mULAkSaronI jAta thavA pAmI che. gyA uparathI pelI sUcanAne samarthana maLe che ke, dha ane kadaMba praznae bhegA maLIne, aMdha ane karNADha prAMtAnAM dUra kArIgirI ane saMskRtinA pAgyamayI vikAsamAM moTA hissA arpaNa karyo che," kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, dakSiNa hiMdanA Adha ane karNATa pradezanI lalitakaLA ane saMskRtinI je atyAre bekAma prazaMsA thai rahI che te Adha ane kaba prajAe ja sAdhI to power the Abhiras, or Kalachuris or Haihayas, the Rastrikutas and the Kadambas. On the ruins of whose power the Chalukyas (please note they are not Chaulukyas) claim to have built up the empire and they seem to be direct followers of Kadambas, as is manifest from the style of Man-vyas gotra, Haritiputra etc. which they have adopted from their Kadamba predecessors; for, as far as can be gathered from inscriptions, the Ka para`tu AgaLa jatAM lekhaka mahArAya peAtAne krUratA vicArA jaNAvatAM 'banuM nAma chelluM rAkhIne kAMIka gADhALA ubhA karI detA jaNAya che ( te temaja heAya te kAMIdambas were the earliest south Indian DysudhAro karavA jarUrI 4). (amAruM TIpaNa A viSaya atre cavAmAM amArA uddeza, dakSiNa hiMdanI prajAnAM dhama tathA sAmAjIka prathAonA viSayamAM, te lekhake raju karelA vicAra rUpathI je prakAza paDe che, te darzAvavAno che. nasty to adopt this style=%0. sa. 302nI AsapAsamAM (kemake te sAlanA AMkavALeA rAtavahana rAjAne sikko maLe che) AMdhavAnI paddhatI thatAM kharA athavA lazkarIe athavA DhaMDeyA, rASTrakuTA ane bA sattA upara AvyA che.kha je sattAnI paDatI thatAM, temaNe lakhyuM che ke ( jue majakura pustaka, pu. 76 ) "On the decline of Andhra dynasty about the year A. D. 302 ( for their is a coin of a Satavahan king bearing that date) came in tI; A baMne prajAnI mULa lipi kaba hatI, je dhImedhIme vikasita thaI ne vartamAna sthitie pacivA pAmI che, eTale TUMkamAM kahuM tA, dakSiNa hiMdanAM lAlitya ane saMskRti27 sarva, prajA tarIke lekhAvA tA kada ba24 (ka) A viSaya uparanA amArA vicAro mATe jIe pR. 25 tathA tenAM TIpA. (kha) AmAM to krama jaNe kabhaprana sauthI vaDha thI www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvitIya paricheda ] AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize [ para ane AMdhra prajAne, ane lipi tarIke lekhAve te te kevA prakArane haze te bhale ApaNe zodhavuM rahe che. kadaMba lipine ja AbhArI che. A niSkarSanuM temaja mi. regnane TAMkela paurANika jenIjhama Ina sadharna IliyAnAM vidvAna lekhake hakIkatanuM ane mi. viliyamsanA saMskRta aMgrejI zabdadakSiNa hiMdanA pitAne khAsa abhyAsane aMge je keSamAM apAyelI vyAkhyAnuM, ema sarvanuM ekIkaraNa hakIkata tAravI kADhI che ane jenA keTalAka utArA karatAM sahaja jaNAI Ave che ke zatavahanavaMzI AMdhaApaNe atre TAMkI batAvyA che tathA te upara prakAza prajanI utpatti zuddhapaNAnI dRSTie jotAM kSatriya mAtApADatAM TIpaNo ame je lakhyAM che te sarvano sAra pitAmAMthI udabhavI nathI dekhAtI. tema e paNa spaSTa joIzuM che e ja niSkarSa nIkaLe che ke, zAhanavaNI thAya che ke, pitA te uttara hiMlmI kSatriya jAtimAne prajAne kaIne kaI rIte, kadaMba temaja uttara hiMdanI ja hato paraMtu mAtA zANi hatI; je haju sudhI maurya tathA naMdaprajA sAthe saMbaMdha ho joIe. pachI nizcita nathI thatuM te, kaNa pitA ane kSatriyanI kaI cAluena sAmrAjaya jamAvyuM hoya ema lekhAya che. che; je zabdanirdezathI cAlacasaMskRti uttama rIte oLakemake potAnA pUrvaja evA kadaMbAe vAparele mAnavyAsa khAya te rajhanamaH zivAya siddhanamaH athavA jherano nArAya: gotra, haritiputra che. paddhatine anusaravAthI teo kadaMbamAMthI che; ziva ane nArAyaNa lakhavAnI paddhati, mULamAM khAsa sIdhA utarI AvyA hovAnuM samajAya che kAraNake A karIne dakSiNahiMdanI ane niraMaH zabdathI nirdiSTa thatI paddhati je koi dakSiNanA hiMdIvaze prathamamAM prathama vAparI hoya te daMbaprajA ja che ema zilAlekhamAMthI tAravI bauddhaca paddhati mauryana che athavA uttarahiMdanI che. (na. 5 sakAya che" ane 6nAM TIpaNe tathA A lekhake pite darzAvela vicAranuM ne vaLI AgaLa jatAM pR. 80 upara lakhe che, ke The ekIkaraNa karatAM samajAze ke A sarva prajA jainadhamAM ja formala which expresses Satavahan culture saMbhave che. temAM paNa zatavahanavaMzanI utpatti mauryana ane best is for an: the formula which expresses uttarahiMdanI temaNe joke madhamapaNe jaNAvelI che paraMtu itihA sane abhyAsathI have ApaNe jANItA thayA chIe, ke temanI Chalukya culture best is ajha rivAja, siddha nAH utpattinuM mULa naMdavaMzI prajAmAM samAyeluM che. eka bIjA or 3% nama: nArAyaNa: Shaivism and Narayanism muddA upara vAcakanuM dhyAna deravAnuM che. temaNe ahIM thAlaare said to be particularly of south Indian kaya zabda vAparyo ja che. eTale ke cAlukayA dakSiNa origin while Buddhism expressed by siddhanamaH hiMdanI che. jyAre caulukaya-rAjaputapraja te uttarahiMdanI che. is Mauryan and north Indian=je zabdanirdezathI temano udabhava te I. sa.nA chaThThA saikAmAM Abu parvata upara satavahanasaMrakRti uttama rIte oLakhAya che te siddhanamaH agnihotrI kSatriAnI cAra zAkhA utpanna thaI che te hoya te bhAsa thato dekhADayo che. A mATe uparamAM kareluM jainane badale bauddha hovAnuM vidvAne manAvyuM che tema amAruM TIpaNu vAMco -kharI rIte te kadaMbamAMthI uparanI A vidvAne paNa tenuM anukaraNa karIne te zabda vAparyA che sarva prajA udabhavI che. paraMtu have ApaNe puravAra karI cUkayA chIe ke te jaina (ga) dhyAna rAkhavuM ke caulaka nathI lakhyuM paraMtu saMskRtinAM thota che. cAlukaya lakhyuM che. () mauryana sikAomAM je Moon on the Hill, (dha) eTale ema thayuM ke, mULa kadaMba hatA. temAMthI Abhiro swastika, Chaitya=DhagalIo upara caMdra, svastika, caitya kalacarI, cAluka, rASTra, haihayAjha i. utpanna thayA che. I. kAtarAyala che te badhAM paM. jAyasvAla chae have jaina(ca) bauddha ne badale jaina zabda joIe. kemake bauddhamAM dhamAM hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. (juo pu. 2 sikkAvarNane, trIjA te siddha zabda ja nathI te jainane pAribhASika che. paricchedanAM aMte; temaja sikrAcitranA varNanamAM dhArmika vaLI bIjI atyAra sudhI hararahidanI sarva saMskRti ja cinho sabaMdhI ame ApelI samAti), Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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pare ] AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize [ aSTama khaMDa jAtine tathA mAtA bhadrANi te te kaI jAtinI ane pitA videhadezane vatanI hatA. jenIjhama ina sadharna kayA pradezanI; jo ke temano samaya nakkI karI cUkayA iDiyA telugu sAhitya AdhAre jaNAve che ke, dakSiNa chIe. zatavahanavaMzanI Adi I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM che hiMdanI kSatriya prajAnuM mULa kaligapati keI naMda nAmanA eTale tenA AdipuraSa rAjA zrImukhano janma te rAjAmAM samAyeluM 5DayuM che; vaLI samaya paNa nizcita te pUrve ja thaI gayo kahevAya. je te vaMzanI sthApanA thai cUkayo che eTale have te je tapAsavuM rahe che te karatI vakhate tenI umara kamamAM kama 25-30 lekho te eTaluM ja ke I. sa. pU. 450thI 460 sudhImAM kaI tenA mAtApitAne lagnasaMbaMdha paNa I. sa. pU. 427 evo naMda rAjA thayA che ke je videhane rahIza hoya pahelAM 30 varSe eTale I. sa. pU. 457mAM athavA ane jenA vRttAMtathI ApaNe itihAsamAM ema pAke te 45thI 460nA dazakAmAM thayo hovo joIe. pAye jAhera karI zakatA heIe, ke jeNe dvANi sAthe ATalI sAmagrI ApaNI pAse taiyAra thaI gaI che. lagna karyuM hoya temaja pote kaliMgapati banyuM hoya ke have tenuM avalaMbana laIne AgaLa vadhIe. kahevAtuM hoya. naMdavaMzI rAjAonAM vRttAMtathI ApaNe saMskRta-aMgrejI zabdakeza ema kahe che ke teno kayAranA jANItA thaI cUkyA chIe ke teo nAga samayane kahevAya; jyAre cAlukaya prajAnuM mULa te TheTha che. kahevAya che, ane kalacarIoe paNa sAmAjIka saMbaMdha joDasa. pUrvenA samayamAM samAyeluM che. matalaba ke cAlaka ane vAnI te prathAnuM anukaraNa karyuM hatuM" eTale temanuM kahevuM caulukya banne judA che. A prazno AgaLa paNa ame cha7yA ema thAya che ke, pUrva samaye jyAre jAti (atyAranI che, juo.). jJAti jema kahevAya che tema) nAmanI saMsthA jevuM nahetuM vaLI AgaLa pR.83 upara potAnA vicAro jaNAve che tyAre, rAjaktao potAnI hArajItane aMge athavA te "Social unions and fusions are always attem- anyakAraNathI nIpajatA potAnA hoddA ane adhikAranI pted to safeguard their political power. mahatvatA jALavI rAkhavAne aMge, paraspara sAmAjIka ane Evidence of this is found in Visnukund, kauTumbika saMbaMdha joDatA hatA. pitAnA kathananA temaNe eka Kadamb-satakarni, who must have been a be daSTAMta paNa raju kayAM che. uparAMta ApaNe paNa atiprince born of the Satakarni and Kadamb hAsika dRSTie purAvAmAM upayogI thAya tevAM zeDAMka union; similar relations the Satavahanas are vadhora raju karIzuM. jemake, kozalapati prasenajIta sAthe said to have contracted with the Pallavas magadhapati zreNika ane tenA putra anaMtazatrue jela and the Nagas; the Kalachoris also followed lagnasaMbadhe; navamA naMda ane morya caMdragupta; azakavardhana this tradition of social union = sAmAjIka bane ane selyukasa nikaTera: samrATa pricadazana kaliMgapatine ane saMbaMdha hamezAM potapotAnI rAjakIya sattA nibhAvI be vAra javA dIdho hato te hakIkata (ghelI jAgaDAne rAkhavA mATe jatA hatA. daSTaka tarIke viSNukuMja, kadaMba- zilAlekha) rAjA bhImukhe pitAnA putra cahnI sAthe vidazatakaraNijha I. samajI levA. AmAMne kadaMba- zatakaraNi nA kaIka mahArathInI putrI nAganikAne paraNAvI hatIH te rAtakaraNi ane kadaMba vacce thayela lamasaMbaMdhathI utpanna zugapati agnimitre vidarbhapatinI kuMvarI mAlavikA sAthe thayela kamAra saMbhave che. te prathAne anusarIne zatavahana kareluM lagna; I. I. aneka kaSTote itihAsamAMthI jaDI Ave prajAe paNa palavAra ane nAgaprajA sAthe saMbaMdha bAMdhyAnuM tema che. (ja) sarakhAvo cuTukAnaMda ane mULAnaMdanA sikkA pu. rAjAne paraNAvI hovAnuM manAvyuM che ane te u5ra amArA 2 mAM tathA 1mAM naMdIvardhana rAjaye temanI hakIkata. vicAro darzAvyA che te hakIkata sAthe sarakhAve. juo (2) pu. 4mAM rUdradAmananA varNane pR. 208 thI AgaLa paMcama pariccheda lekha naM. 17. juo. jemAM kaherInA zilAlekha AdhAre vidvAnoe kaI () pR. 1mAM naMdivardhana rAye pallava, kadaMba vagerene anere zabda mAnI laIne rUdradAmane potAnI putrI zatakaraNi saMbaMdhane ame beDI batAvyo che te hakIkata sAthe A sarakhAve,

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dvitIya paricacheda ] judI gAdI ane vaMzasthApavAnAM kAraNe " 53 prajAnA nabIrAo che. A prajA saMtrijI nAmanA (450 ane 46 ne dazakAnI gaNatrIe) jo ke bane yanA aDhAra je peTA vibhAge che temAMnI eka naMdane te hakIkata sparzI zake tema che. paraMtu zadvANi gaNAya che. saMbricha kSatriyo asalamAM videzamAM sAthe lagna karyAnI hakIkata to mAtra naMda bIjAne ja janmI karIne, cAre tarapha rAjya hakumata calAvatA lAgu paDatI ItihAsamAM noMdhAyelI che. eTale spaSTapaNe calAvatA phelAtA gayA che. eTale naMdavaMzanA rAjA- kahI zakAze ke rAjA zrImukhane pitA te anya koI one videhIo kahI zakAya. temaja naMdavaMzanA adhi- nahi paNa te naMda bIjo ja hato. 26 naMda bIjAne kAramAM videhadeza AvI paNa paDayo hato; eTale rAjyakALa 45thI 428 no jaNAvAyuM che. eTale rAsa hakamatane aMge paNa temane videhapati athavA phalita thAya che ke I. sa. pU. 456 thI 450 sudhInA videhI kahI zakAya ja, A pramANe eka hakIkatane meLa pitAnA rAjyakALanA prathamanA cha varSamAM ja naMda te besI gayo paNa naMdavaMzamAM kayo rAjA te hajI bIjAe zrImukhanI mAtA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. A zodhavuM rahe che. te vaMzanA itihAsathI jANyuM che ke pramANe zatavahanavaMzI rAjAonI utpatti saMbaMdhanA temAM nava rAjAo thayA che. cha to nAmanA ja hatA samaya, prAraMbha, tenA mAtApitA keNu ityAdi, aneka bAkInA traNa pratApI ane vaibhavazALI nIvaDayA che. aNuzodhyA praznono nikAla lAvI cUkyA kahevAIzuM. temanAM nAma naMda pahele, naMda bIjo ane naMda navame. uparanA pArigrAphe joI gayA chIe ke rAjA temAM navamA naMdane samaya I. sa. pU. 41thI 378ne zrImukha pite magadhapati naMda bIjAno putra thatuM hatuM. TharAvAya che, temaja vaLI bIjI hakIkata tenA vize AvI rIte magadhapati rAjAne ema nIkaLe che ke te pote zaka rANInA peTe jo judI gAdI ane kumAra hevA chatAM teNe dakSiNa hatuM paraMtu zukrANune para hatuM ema nathI. jyAre vizasthApavAnAM hiMdamAM jaIne pitAnAM svataMtra ahIM te potAne dvANi vere paraNyAne muddo che eTale kAraNe rAjya ane vaMza zA mATe sthApavAM A be kAraNe tenuM nAma bAda karavuM rahe che. pachI paDayAM te eka prazna ubho thAya che, rahA be naMdanaMda pahelo ane bIje. AmAMnA pahelA 5. 1 mAM naMda bIjAnuM vRttAMta lakhatAM jaNAvI gayA naMda vize jANI cUkayA chIe ke teNe dakSiNa hiMdanA chIe ke, tene maraNa jyAre nIpajyuM tyAre. kene gAdI aneka pradeza jItI laI (juo pu. 1 tenuM vRttAMta) ApavI te prazna ubho thayo hato. chevaTe TharAvavAmAM magadha sAmrAjya vadhArI mUkyuM hatuM ane tethI teNe AvyuM hatuM ke kSatriyANI peTe janmela kuMvarane magadhanaMdivardhana nAmanuM birUda prApta karyuM hatuM, temaja tenA pati tarIke jAhera kare. te ja pramANe naMda 8mAnuM uttarAdhikArI tarIke tenA putra naMda bIjAne paNa dakSiNa maraNa thatAM ane te paNa aputra hovAthI tene te ja hinA khAtAnA adhikAra maLyo ja hatuM. eTale A prazna pAcho upasthita thatAM TharAvAyuM hatuM ke, rAjyanI ane naMdarAjAne dakSiNapati kahI zakAya tema che ja. hAthiNI jenA zIraupara pANIne kaLaza DhALe tene tema pahelA naMdane samaya I. sa. pU. 472 thI 456= gAdI suprata karavI. te samaye naMdabIjAnA zANIjAyA 18 varSanA ane bIjAne samaya I. sa. pU. 456thI putranA lagnanezvaraghoDo tyAMthI nIkaLatA hatA eTale 428=18 varSane jaNAvyo che. eTale samayanI dRSTie te. vararAjAne eka prakArano rAjA tathA rAjacinha (25) jAo uparamAM zata ane zatavahanavaMzanI hakIkata che ane tenuM kAraNa zadvANInAM lagna karyAnuM jaNAve che tenA (26) sarakhA uparamAM pR. 48 TI na. 10 maraNa bAdano che. matalaba ke te bAda paNa varNatara lagnanI 28 (ra) A lagna te naMdanavamA (zadvANIjAyA kumAra)nuM hatI. eTale mAtra varNatara lagnathI ja kALAzaka nAma devAyuM ane brAhmaNukanyA vacce hatuM. ane tene samaya nada hatuM te phalita thatuM nathI. te upanAma ja tenuM nahatuM ema bIje jene kALAzakanI u5mAM ItihAsavido ApI rahyA A uparathI sAbita thAya che, Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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54 ] judI gAdI ane vaMza sthApavAnAM kAraNe [ aSTama khaMDa jevAM chatrayukta joI rAjAnI hAthaNIe tenA zIre tarIke rAja karatI hatI tyAre rAjyanI lagAma khUMcavI kaLaza DhaLI phUlanI mALA paherAvI hatI. pariNAme lIdhI hatI ane amuka varSaparyata pote ja gAdIpati tene magadhapati navamA naMda tarIke jAhera karavAmAM banI beThe hato. eTale siddha thAya che ke, kumAre Avyo hato. ATalI hakIkata ApaNane prApta thaI zrImukha ane kumAra kRSNa, te baMne naMda bIjAnA sUkANI cUkI che. have tapAsIe ke temAMthI atra sparzatI keAI peTe janmela putro hovA joIe. A baMne bhAIe hakIkatano ullekha maLe che ke kema ? rAjakumAra hovA chatAM, kevaLa drANI peTe janmela - jyAre kSatriyANI putrane gAdIe besADavAnuM TharAvAyuM hovAthI temane rAjyAdhikAra na soMpAyo eTale apache tyAre svayaMsiddha thAya che ke koI anya kamArano mAnita thayA jevuM lAge te samajI zakAya tema che. hakka vadhAre majabUta hovo joIe; paraMtu koIka ane pachI te, pitAthI nAnAbhAIne magadhapati nImakAraNasara tenI yogyatA rAjyaniyama pramANe amAnya vAmAM AvatAM, tenI AjJAmAM rahevuM te pitAno darajajAne thatI hovI joIe. tema bIjI bAju ema kahevAyuM halakuM lAgatAM teo magadhane tyAga karI anyatra cAlI che ke (uparanA pAne juo) rAja naMdabIjAe javAno nirNaya kare te paNa svAbhAvika che. AvA gAdIe AvatAM prathamanA pAMca cha varSamAM ja eka saMjogomAM teo mUkAyAthI, naisargika che ke teo potAne zadra jAtinI kanyA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM ane te je sthAnethI Azraya maLI rahe tema dhAratA hoya te rANInA peTe zrImukhane janma thayo hato. A be bAju javAne ja vicAra kare. sAmAnya niyama e che hakIkatane sAthe joDatAM evo sAra kADhI zakAya che ke, ke, potAnA pitRpakSathI tarachoDAyelA keI paNa purUSa, kumAra zrImukhanI umara, rAjA naMdabIjAnA kSatriyANa AvA samaye pitAnA mAtRpakSa tarapha ja najara nAMkhe temaja drANI peTe janmela sarva saMtAnomAM, sauthI moTI che. eTale kumAra zrImukha ane kaNa potAnI mAtAnA hovI joIe ane tethI gAdIpati tarIkeno tenA haka mahiyara tarapha prayANa karI gayA hoya ema samajI levuM sarvoparI hovo joIe. paraMtu teno janma zatANInA rahe che. temanI mAtAnA mahiyaranuM sthAna kaI dizAe peTa thayela hovAthI, rAjyanA pracalita gheraNAnusAra AvyuM hatuM te haju ApaNe zodhI kADhavuM rahe che. tene adhikAra sAMpavAnuM ayogya lAgatAM, rAjakarma- kumAra zrImukha rAjA banyA pachI tenI rAjakIya cAriomAM te prazna vicAraNIya thaI paDayo hato ane kArakIrdinuM sthAna dakSiNa hiMdamAM ja banavA pAmyuM tenAthI nAnA paraMta kSatriyANa peTe utpanna thayela hoya ema ItihAsa upara daSTipAta kumArane gAdI soMpAI hatI. A pramANe eka vastu ja dekhAI Ave che. eTale prathama dRSTie jaNAI sthiti thaI. bIjI sthiti ema che ke, rAjA naMda Ave che ke, magadhanI bhUmine tyAga karIne te dakSiNa bIjAnuM rAjaya aThThAvIsa varSa cAlyuM che ane gAdIe hiMda tarapha ja vaLyo hovo joIe. vaLI hAthIguphAne besatAM prathamanA pAMca cha varSamAM ja teNe zUdrANI sAthe lekha jAhera kare che ke, teNe rAjA khAravelanA kaliMga na karyuM che tathA kavara zrImukhano janma thayo che. deza tarapha humale karyo hato paraMtu tenA hAthe zIkasta eTale rAjA naMda bIjAnA maraNa samaye ma. sa. 99ra khAvI paDI hatI ane haThI jaIne TheTha nAsika pAsenAM I. sa. pU. 429mAM zrImukhanI uMmara lagabhaga 25thI DuMgarALa pradezamAM Azraya levo paDe hato. tema vaLI 27 varSanI hovI joIe ema phalita thAya che. vaLI jANavAmAM AvyuM che ke AMdhrapati rAjA zrImukhanA itihAsanA pramANathI AgaLa upara kahevAmAM Avaze ananI rAjagAdI mukhya aMze godAvarI nadInAM mULa ke kamAra zrImukhane eka bIjo bhAI kaSNa nAme hato, pAsenA pradezamAM hatI. A sarva hakIkatathI e ja sAra jeNe zrImukhanAputra gautamIputrayajJazrInI vidhavA rANI upara AvavuM rahe che ke, rAjA zrImukhanI mAtAnuM nAganikA pAsethI, jyAre bALaputro taraphathI rIphaMTa mahiyara dakSiNa hiMdanA keIka pradezamAM ja AvI rahyuM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvitIya pariccheda ] phAvuM jeI e. ATaluM nakkI thayuM, have AgaLa vadhIe. rAjA zrImukhanI mAne dhRtihAsakAre e karavara jAtitI rAvI che. (juo uparamAM pR. 40 tathA tene lagatI TIkA naM. pUnuM lakhANa) tenA artha ema besAravAmAM AvyA che ke, kAMtA te dakSiNa hiMdanA-TrenamAM AvelA kAravAra jIllAnI vatanI hAvI joIe athavA tevA nAmanI kAI jAtivizeSa ja hAvI joie ke je peAtAnA peTagujAre paMkhIo paDI28 tenA viya upara ke bhakSaNa karI calAvatI haze, tema vaLI A pradezamAMthI rAjAnaMdanA nAma sAthe, kema jANe kAMIka saMbaMdha-rAjakIya krU kauTuMbika-dharAvatA na hoya tevAM judI gAdI ane vazasthApavAnAM kAraNeA nAmayukta rAjAonAM-jemake cuTukAnaMda, mULAnaMda i.nA siqA maLI AvyA che eTaluM ja nahIM, parantu te sikkAo'nAM khAla brATa, te uparanAM cinhA,29 tenI EkhArata Adi, dhaNe aMze A zrImukhavaMzI rAjAonA sikkAne maLatAM Ave che. A sarve paristhiti uparathI evA cItAra AvI jAya che ke, te rAjA paN rAjA zrImukhanI sAthe sagapaNu saMbaMdha dharAvatA hAvA joIe ane temanuM mULa vatana temanA sikkA jyAMthI maLI Ave che tevA kAnArA jIllAnA pradezamAM ja AvyuM hAvuM joie. eTale ApaNe jo evA anumAna athavA nizcaya upara AvIe ke, zrImukhanI mAtA kAnArA jIllAnI-kAravAra zaheranI athavA mAsapAsanA pradezanI--vatanI hatI tathA cuTukAnaMda mULAnaMda vagere te ja jAtivizeSanA sabhyA hatA, te sasa sthitithI vegaLA jatA rahyA chIe ema gaNAze nahi. have sarva khinA spaSTa rIte puravAra thaI gaI rahevAze ke rAjA zrImukhanA mAtApitA kANu hatA ? tenI mAtAne zUdrANI zA mATe kahevAmAM Ave che? tenuM mahiyara karyAM hatuM? tene zA mATe magadha cheADIne (28) nIcenI TIkA 29 jIe, (29) jIe pu. ramAM sikkA AkRti na. 49, 50, pA, para; ane temane AkRti naM. 57, 54thI AgaLanA siA sAthe sarakhAve, A sarvemAM tIrakAmaThAnI nizAnIo che. tIrakAmaThuM te [ zrama paradeza nIkaLavuM paDayuM hatuM ? tathA aa mATe teNe dakSiNa hiMdamAM ja vasavATa karyAM hatA ? temaja cuTukAnaMda vagerenA saMbaMdha zrImukha sAthe kevA DhAvA joIe? ATaluM zodhI kADhayA pachI, je keTalAka prazno vidvA" tene muMjhavI rahyA che tenI tapAsa paNa hAtha dharavAnuM mana thai jAya che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat rAjA zrImukha ate tavahanavaMzI anya rAjAenA rAjyavahIvaTa, gedAvarI ane kRSNA nadInAM mULa je pradezamAM Avela che evA nAsika, naira-kaherI nAnAdhATa Adi sthaLa vistAramAM Avela hatA, tyAMthI temanA aneka zilAlekhA ane sikkA maLI AvyA che. zilAlekhamAM-nAsika naM. 2 tarIke jete vidvAnA eLakhAvI rahyA che-zrImukhanI janmati upara prakAza paDe tevA akSarA kAtarAyelA che. temAMnA e zabda prayAga upara vidvAnAnuM khAsa dhyAna kheMcAyuM che. prathama (1) 'eka mamahanasa" che ane (2) khIjo "khatiyadapamAnamana" che. A bAbatanI dgamaNAM chellI tAjetaramAM ja kalakattAthI pragaTa thatA, inDiyanakalcara' nAme trimAsikanA 1938 nA pru. 5. krmAMka naM. 1 julAInA patramAM pU. 16 thI 23 sudhI je. sI. dheza nAmanA vidvAne samIkSA karI batAvI che. tene sAra temanA ja akSarAmAM prathama kahI dRIe; ane te khAda temanA vicArAnI saMgatatA ke asaMgatatA, ApaNe puravAra karelI tapAsanA pariNAma sAthe sarakhAvIzuM, mi. je. sI. dhAro dorelI samIkSAnA AraMbhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke,--"Scholars are not at one about the caste of the Satavahanas. Prof. H. C. Ray Chaudhari thinks they are Brahamans. While Prof. D. R. Bhandarkar has zikArI-pAradhinA jIvananI sthiti sUcave che. jI uparanI TIkA naM. 28, AgaLa upara A pariccheda TAMkela ke hi. i. pU. 5701nA lakhANa sAthe sarakhAve. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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judI gAdI ane vazasthApavAnAM kAraNeA 56 ] taken pains to prove that they are non-Brahamans. Both the scholars have mainly relied on the same evidence, though interpreting differently to arrive at their respective conclusions =zrutavahaneAnI jAti (nA prazna) vize vidvAne ekamata thatA nathI. prA. eca. sI. rAyacArI temane brAhmaNA dhAre che, jyAre pre|. DI. Ara. bhAMDArakare zramapUrvaka sAbita karyuM che ke teo abrAhmaNa hatA. baMne vidvAnAe mukhya tathA eka ja (tene te ja) purAvA upara AdhAra rAkhyA che; jo ke peAtAnA anumAna deAravAne temaNe (te zabdAnA) artha judA ja. esAI~ che. ' te AkhAye lekhamAM utaravAnI AvazyakatA nathI, parantu temAMnI keTalIka dalIlo evI che ke saMzodhakanI apekSAe temAMthI traNo ja vigatA jANavA jevI che tathA saMzodhana kArya kevA prakAranuM che tenA sAre| je khyAla paNa te uparathI baMdhAi zake che. eTale tevI lIlA TUMkamAM raju karIzuM.-brAhmaNa che ema puravAra karanAra pakSanI dalIla che ke 'khamahanasa" ane 'khatiya6pamAnamana" (kSatriyane darpa kahetAM madanuM mardana, kahetAM nAza karanAra) A zabda brAhmaNu je hAya tene ja lAgu pADI zakAya, jema parazurAme nakSatriya pRthvI (30) Aveja mata ja. be, thre'. rA. e. e (navI AvRtti pu. 3 nA lekhakane che, (jIe te lekhamAM pR. 52) (31) je keTalAka vidrAnA evA matanA dekhAya che ke, ekaja purAvA hAca te tenA a` judA judA heAi na rAke temaNe A hakIkata lakSamAM levA yAgya che; ekaja purAve chatAM bhinna mata khaMdhAyAnA eka nahIM paNa aneka dRSTAMtA maLI zake che. (jemake pu. 1mAM avaMtipatinI vaMzAvaLI TharAvatAM pariziSThapa kAranI traNa gAthAo; haeNmacaMdrasUrinA zabdo uparathI temane jaina ke ajjaina TharAvatA vidvAneAnA matA; khatiyapamAnamana zabdanA artha mATe nIce TI. na. 40 nuM lakhANa che. i.) (32) jIe pu. 1 naMdanavamAnuM vRttAMta: ahIM phara eTaAA ja che ke, ApaNe jene mApadma kyo che tene [ r ma khaDa karI nAMkhI hatI tema; sAme pakSa ema kahe che ke te pramANe sarvathA hAtuM nathI; ema tA rAjA mahAnaMdanI zUdrANI peTe janmela mahApadma 32 paNa zuddha AvA chatAM pRthvIne nakSatriya banAvI dIdhI hatI.33 eTale brAhmaNa ja kSatriyanA vinAza ke nAza kare evo nirdhAra na karI zakAya. jethI 'ekabrahmanA' artha brAhmaNyu na karatAM, unique votary of Subramanya= subramanyA ananya bhakta heAya te ane subrAmaNya eTale warrior god Kartikeya=kAkriya deva sarIkhA je hoya tevA purUSaH evA arthamAM te zabda vaparAyela che. peAtAnA kathananA samarthanamAM jaNAve che ke, manusaMhitAmAM jene 'kSatR' kahIne uddezyA che. (Kshatru of Manu is a mixed lowcaste, born of Sudra father and a Kshatriya-mother=manunA kSata, te zUdra pitA ane kSatriya mAtAthI kaUtpanna thayela jAti che te vartamAnakALanA khatiya (khatarI) jevA che ane A ti ThaM alekajhAMDara dhI greITanA vakhatathI cAlI AvyAnuM dekhAya che, tevI ja rIte bhrahmarSi ane rAja zabdo pazu vaparAyA che. temAM RSi eTale khAsa brAhmaNu jAtivizeSa ema che ja nahIM. tyAre eka pakSa vaLI kahe che ke, temanA mAtAnAM nAma i. jevAM ke gautamIgAtra, vasiSTagautranAM che, te sarva brAhmaNa hAvAnuM siddha thAya che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat temaNe mahAna lakhyA che ane jene ApaNe mahAna lakhyA che tene temaNe mahApadma gaNAvyA che. nAma ulaTA sulaTI thayA che. bAkI hakIkata sathA ekaja che. nAmanI mArAmArImAM bahu na utaratAM temane naMdRbIjA ane na navame evA saMkheAdhanathI ja oLakhIe eTale badhuM barAbara samajI levAze. naMdRmInanI zUdrANI peTa na'danavamAna janma thayA hatA ane teNe ja kSatrIyeAnI tala karI nAMkhI hatI eTaluM jaNAvavAnA Azaya che. (33) jIe viSNupurANa 4; 24. (34) A mAnyatA keTale darajjo khATI che te AgaLa upara siAcitranA AdhAre puravAra thaI zake che ( jIe rAna zrImukhanA varNane tenA kuTuMbane lagatI hakIkatavALe pArimArka ) www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tRtIya pariccheda ] judI gAdI ane vaMzasthApavAnAM kAraNe [ 57 tyAre sAme pakSa kahe che ke, ema te IkavaMzIomAM (Naga-girls)also=rANI nAganikA'(nAgakanyA paNa kSatriyo ane brAhmaNo che;35 evuM jaNAvI che) nuM nAma svaya sAkSI pUre che ke, teo nAgakanyAo sAme prazna uThAve che ke, if they were Braha- sAthe lagna karatA hatA. vaLI bIja daSTatA paNa nIce mans, why did they not mention their pramANe Ape che; jema rAkSasa brAhmaNe heya che patronymic=je teo brAhmaNa ja hatA to teo (mArkaDeya purANamAM) tema gujarAtamAM nAgara brAhmaNonI pitAnA pitRpakSanA gotrano uccAra kema nathI karatA? utpatti paNa tevI ja kahevAya che; descendants tyAre prathama pakSa vaLI uttara vALe che ke, Saliva- of Brahmins by Naga-girls=nAgakanyA han (Sesh, the king of serpants begot sAthe brAhmaNanA lagna thavAthI utpanna thayelAM karadA; Salivahan on a Brahman girl=brAhmaNa (na-gara=poisonless) ane Now if these kanyA sAthe zeSa nAmanA sapanA rAjAe saMga Nagar-brahmins, who were the offkaryAthI je putra utpanna thayo te) zAlivAhana kahe- springs of a Naga and a Brahmin-girl, 9149249 he must go by his mother's could be Brahmans, there could be caste of BrahmantethI tenI oLakha tenI no objection to the Satavahans being mAtAnI brAhmaNa jAtivALI ja hovI joIe. A Brahmans with similar legendary pramANe mAvapakSIya gotranA joDANano ItihAsa Ape origin= tethI nAgapitA ane brAhmaNa kanyAnA che (jyAre mAtRpakSanA gotra joDavAnuM kharuM kAraNa te pharajaMdo evA nAgarabrAhmaNane brAhmaNa kahI zakAya te samaye eka rAjA aneka gotranI rANIo paraNate che, to te ja pramANe jenI utpattirUpa daMtasthA che, evA hatA ane tethI aneka rANIo peTe thatAM saMtAnonI zAtavAhanane brAhmaNo kahevAmAM vAMdho zuM hoI zake ? oLakha mATe temanI mAtAnA gotrono ullekha karAto A pramANe mi. joze pitAnA taraphathI uparanA baMne bema kahI samarthanarUpe dRSTAMta Ape che ke, vidvAnanAM maMtavya upara savaLI avaLI dalIla ApIne The name of the queen Naganika za Gosolyot valloj , "To sum up (Naga girl) shows that they married Prof. Bhandarker has failed to addu (35) majakura pustaka ane nibaMdha pu. 22-In fact (37) jue pu. 2 5. 13 TIka naM. 47 it is not true that all the descendants of (38) nAganikAnA nAmathI je nAgakanyA kahevA mAgatA akshavara were Kshatriyas. There were hoya te tA, agnimitra je mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM Brahmans also among them kharI rIte jotAM ane je nAganikAne pitApakSanI ja kanyA hovA saMbhavita satya nathI ke IzvAkuvaMzI sarva kSatriyo che. temAM te che (jue uparamAM pR. 52 ) tene paNa nAgakanyA kahevI brAhmaNe paNa che. rahe che. temaja maheMdra, sureza, kumAra ityAdinAM nAma vALAone (36) zAlivAhana nAmano rAjA te A vaMzanI paNa IMdrAdi devatA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA kahevA paDaze. utpatti thayA bAda lagabhaga sADAcArase varase thayo che ane (39) ahIM ApaNe nAgarabrAhANunI utpatti kema thaI te nAma to mAtra eka ja vyaktine lAgu paDe che (juo tenI carcAmAM utaravA nathI mAMgatA. paraMtu uparanA vAkayamAM paramAM pR. 16 ) te tene A vaMzanI utpattinI daMtakathA brAhmaNapitA ane nAgakanyAthI temanI utpatti jaNAvI che sAthe zI rIte joDI zakAya ? jayAre A vAkayamAM nAgapitA ane bahANukanyAmAMthI - tema A daMtakathA jenI sAthe joDAyelI che te te vaLI temanI utpatti kahe che ema heraphera thatI hakIkata upara ja zAlivAhana rAjAnIye pAchaLa thayo che tene zAlivAhana dhyAna kheMcIe chIe. sAthe saMbaMdha 5Nu kayAM che? (juo tenuM vRttAMta AgaLa upara). (40) majakura pustaka pR. 23. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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58 ] ce a single piece of evidence which goes against the possibility of the Satavahanas being Brahman; on the other hand their Brahamanic metronymics go positively to show that they were Brahmans. Their legendary origin also points to this. Possibly they were Brahmans. Possibly they were Naga-Brahamins without gotra. The Ikshavaku kings of South India were the Brahaman descendants of Ishavaku=sArarUpe jaNAvavAnuM ke, zAtavAhanA mAhmaNeA hatA. tenI zakayatAnI virUddha janArA eka paNa purAveA rajI karavAne prephe. bhAMDArakara niSphaLa thayA che. ulaTA temaNe joDelA mAtRpakSIya bhrAhmaNugAtrAthI tA teo bhrAhmaNu hatA ema vizeSa saMbhavita thatuM jAya che. daMtakathA pramANenI temanI utpati paNaA vAtanI sAkSI pUre che. dhaNuMkarIne te geAtra vinAnA nAga-brAhmaNA ja hatA. dakSiNu hiMdanA IkSvAkuvaMzI rAjAe ikSvAkuvaMzI grAhmaNAnI olAda ja che." ame te ahIM majakura e vidvAnAnI mAnyatA ane te upara trIjA vidvAna lekhake dalIlA ApIne samIkSA calAvI che tene TUMka sAra ja raju karyAM che. temAMthI krANu sAcuM ke khoTuM tenA nirNaya ApavAnuM kAma amArUM nathI; te te vAMcaka varga kahI zako. amAre batAvavAnuM che te eTaluM ja ke, je dalIlone temaNe pratyeke Azraya lIdho che te keTale darajje vAstavika kahI zakAya tema che. tenA vivAda mA pramANe samaveza: judI gAdI ane vaMzasthApavAnAM kAraNA (1) eka ahamanasaeka brAhmaNa tarIke artha grahaNa karyAM che tema nahi; paNa je brahmacarya pALe te khaMbhaNu kahevAya che. jIe pu. 3, pR. 249 uparanI samajItI tathA samrATa priyadarzananA zilAlekhAmAM paNa AvA ja mamAM te zabda vaparAyA che. te ApaNe priyadarzinanA jIvana vRttAMtanuM pustaka lakhavAnA chIe temAM batAvavAmAM Avaze. (4) pR. 47 jIe. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ aSTama aDa (2) khatiya--dapamAnamadana=kSatriyAnA madane nAza karanAra; a` te temaNe je karyo che te ja ApaNe karIe chIe; chatAM kSatriyanA madane teAnAra, brAhmaNu ja hAvA joie ema nathI. parantu kSatriyANInA peTe janmela kuMvarA, je magadhapati nImAyA hatA tathA naMda khIjAthI naMda AThamA sudhI je oLakhAyA che, temanA gAdIe AvavAthI prajA tathA amaladArAmAMnA kSatriyA, bahu bejavAbadAra vartana batAvI rahyA hatA. eTale navamA naMda je zUdrANI jAye! hateA jene ApaNe mahAnaMda kahyo che ane purANAmAM mahApadma kahyo che, teNe magadhasAmrAjyanI lagAma hAtha letAM ja uparAta kSatriyeAnuM kuLa-gumAna tADI nAMkhavAne kamara kasI hatI (jIe pu. 1mAM tenuM vRttAMta). teNe kSatriyAnuM nikaMdana kaDhI nAMkhyuM hatuM; je kRtyane aMge navamAnaMdane pratiSa- 6pamAnamadana nAmanuM vizeSaNa joDAyuM che, (3) anulAma-pratilAma lagna vize ApaNe kAMI ja kahevApaNuM nathI. banne prakAranAM laztA jema atyAre cAya che tema te samaye paNa thatAM ja hatAM. kAi kALe ekanuM pramANu, khIjA samaya karatAM vizeSa ke ochuM rahe che eTaluM ganImata samajavuM. (4) zatavahana ane mAlivAhana zabdanI utpatti vize ApaNI mAnyatA je che, te uparanA paricchedezamAM te te zabdanI nIce vaNavI khatAvI che. (5) pitRgAtrone sthAne mAtRpakSanA gAtro te zAmATe joDatAM, tenuM spaSTikara paNa ApaNe khatAvI gayA chIe. vidvAnAe daMtakathAnA AdhAre peAtAne manAAvatI dalIlA upADIne purANanA akSarAnA artha khesAravA prayatna sevyeA che. jyAre ApaNe zikSAlekha ane sikkAlekhanA AdhAre)nAM paNa samayana lIdhAM che. sarvenuM tAla karIne vAMcakrAe potapotAnA nirNaya karI levA rahe che. have aevaTamAM purANumAMnA eka che vADhyAnI samajutI ApI, AMdhaprajAnI jAti-utpattirUpa A viSaya baMdha karIzuM (1) vAyu, matsya ane viSNu 1 purANAmAM temane (zattavAhanane) mAMdhAtiyA(of www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tutIya pariccheda ] AMghabhUAne itihAsa the same caste as the Andhrass) ja tenI vaparAza thayelI jaNAya che eTale kalpanA AMdhranI jAtinA ja kahIne saMbodhyA che; eTale ke thAya che ke, te bannene (AMdhrabhatyA ane purANone) AMdhajAti paNa jadI ane zatavahana paNa judA. kAMIka saMbaMdha hai joIe. purANAnI athavA to (2) The Bhagvat calls them Vrashal arvAcIna vaidikagra dainI racanA I. sa.nA trIja ceAthA or Sudra bhAgavatamAM temane vRSala athavA ddha saikAmAM thayAnuM sAmAnya rIte manAya che. paraMtu te tarIke saMbodhela che ane viSNu purANamAM balipuchaka pUrve paNa tenA AdhAra ane kItine ujavaLIta kara(zrImukhane) kahevAmAM Avyo che.44 A vRSala zabda nArA aneka maharSio ane AcAryo thaI gayo che 5. cANaye kharI rIte kevA bhAvArthamAM vAparyo hato jemAMnA eka pataMjalI mahAbhASyakAra vizvavikhyAta te ApaNe maurya caMdraguptane jIvana vRttAMta lakhatAM manAya che. temanA samaya mATe vidvAnanAM maMtavyamAM kahI gayA chIe. (juo pu. 2. pR. 140 tathA 171) bhinna mata che paNa ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe temaja balipucchaka paNa lagabhaga tevAja bhAvArthamAM (juo pu. 3mAM zuMgavaMzanI hakIkata) ke temanuM vaparAte dekhAya che. zodhanakAryamAM maMDI rahenArane. astitva I. sa. pUrvanI bIjI zatAbdImAM mUkI zakAya ATalI mAhitI kadAca upayogI thAya evA AzayathI che. A pataMjalI mahAtmAe vaidikamatAnuyAyI ane jaNAvI dIdhI che. tenA pracAraka tarIke jabaradasta nAmanA meLavela uparamAM pR. 17thI AgaLa, AMdhrabhAtyA zabdane kahevAya che. te hakIkata atra ApaNe siddha karI batA- * artha samajAvavAmAM Avyo che, ke jemAM keTalAka vavAnI che. te uparathI ema paNa batAvI zakAze ke vidhAno tenA ane zabdone temaNe te samayanI dhArmika krAMtimAM jema anupama kALA AMdhrabhune chUTA pADI, bahutrihisamAsanA purAvyA che tema rAjakIya krAMtimAM paNa nAne sane itihAsa rUpamAM artha esAravAnA matavALA bhAga bhajavyo nathI. eTale temanI keTinA anya thayA che, te pramANe yathArtha nathI mahApurUSe sAthe tulanA karavAnuM banI zake te hetuthI paraMtu tatvArthasamAsarUpe te heI, AMdhrabhatyAM temanA jIvananI kAMIka jhAMkhI karAvavI upayogI eTale AMdhravaMzI rAjAo pote ja anya bhUpationA thaI paDaze. khaDiyA hatA e bhAvArthamAM te zabdano upayoga karAtA temane janma dakSiNahiMdamAM godAvarI ane kRSNa Avyo che. A vyAkhyA pramANe A vaMzamAM kayA nadInA mULa pAsenA pradezamAM thayo hovAthI temane kyA rAjAo AMdhrabhutyA tarIke oLakhAvAyA che te dakSiNa hiMdavAsI kahI zakAze. pite umare pahoMcI, hakIkatamAM utaravA pahelAM A zabdane lagato anya kAMIka prabhAva pADavA jevI zakti dharAvatA thayo te ItihAsa jANI levAnI jarUra che. vakhate dakSiNahiMda upara, AMdhruvaMzI sAtamA rAjAnuM eTaluM te cokkasa jaNAyuM che ke, koI prAcIna ne uttarahiMdamAM eTale avaMti upara mauryavaMzI sArvabhauma itihAsakAroe temaja jena ke bauddhagraMthamAM A samrATa mahArAjA priyadarzinanuM rAjya cAlI rahyuM hatuM. zabdano prayoga karyAnuM najare paDatuM nathI. kevaLa purANomAM teNe AMdravaMzI sAtamAM rAjA zAtakaraNine kaligabhUmi vakhata (42) majakura pustaka pR. 23mAM A zabdo che jayAre karela vAkya; uparAMta bhAgavata sadha 12, adhyAya 1, ApaNe Ane artha bIjI rIte karI batAvyo che (juo loka 20 hayaramAM 5. 48). (44) viSNupurANa, cothe aMza, 24me adhyAya, (43) bhA. prA. rAjavaMza pR. 2, pR. 156 tathA juo 44 3. 5ramAM pU. 40mAM kA, . 2. nA 5.64mAMthI avataraNa (45) juo 5. 40 upara ApelI vaMzAvaLI. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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60 ] upara mahAna yudghamAM46 jakharI zIkasta khavarAvI hatI te pariNAme peAtAnA khaMDiyA banAvyA hatA. A viSaya ApaNe majakura AMdhrapatinuM varNana karatAM vistArathI samajAvavA paDaze. jethI atra tenA ullekha karavA ja khasa gaNAze. A samaye rAjyabaMdhAraNa evA prakAranuM cAlI rahyuM hatuM ke, mAMDaLika rAjA bhale eka rIte, Ama jotAM tAbedAra jevI sthitimAM dekhAtA, chatAM potAnA dezaparatve te taddana svataMtra vahIvaTa karI zakatA ane jarUra paDaye amuka paddhatie tene, peAtAnA svAmI gaNAtA samrATanA kAryamAM sahakAra ApavAnuM RNu pheDavuM paDatuM. AvI rAjyapaddhatimAM mAMDaLika rAjAnI paristhitine pataMjalI bhagavAne mRtyaH tarIke gaNAvI dekhAya che. eTale je rAjA khIjA sArvabhaumate mAMDa A vaMzanA Adi purUSa rAjA zrImukha hatA temaja te magadhapati naMkhIjAne zUdrANI peTe janmela putra thatA hatA. te pramANe meATA haiAvA chatAM tene magadha nika hAya tene eLakhAvavAne pataMjalI mahAzaye nRtyapati thavAnA haka jhUMTavI levAyeA hatA, te sthitithI ApaNe have mAhitagAra thayA chIe. tyArapachI teNe zuM pagalAM lIdhAM te ApaNe tapAsIe, zilAlekhI purAvAthI jaNAyuM che ke, tene eka nAnA bhAI kRSNa nAme hatA. dekhItuM ja che ke, jema zrImukhanA haka uMce mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA tema kRSNanA hukane paNa te ja phreja thavAne nirmAyalA hatA. eTale ane bhAione svapitAnA mulakamAMthI rUsaNuA laI te pharajIyAtapaNe nIkaLI javuM paDayuM hatuM ane te sthitimAM peAtAnA meAsALa tarapha-muMbai ilAkAnA kAnaDA jIllA tara--javAne mArga temane hitakara mAlUma paDayA hatA (je khInAnuM varNana uparamAM AvI gayuM che). magadhanI hRda chADIne kaye mArge tyAM javuM sulabha ane sutara thaI paDe, te ja prazna temane vicAravAnA hatA. kaliMga raste thaIne utare te tyAM khAravela urphe bhikhurAjanuM rAjya khUba joramAM tapI rahyuM hatuM. eTale peAtAnA jevA haDadhUta thayelA ane lagabhaga nirAdhAra jevA thaI paDelAne, kAI sabaLa rAjvInA pIThabaLa vinA anya bhUpatine mulaka vIMdhIne pasAra thavuM, te loDhAnA zabdanA upayega karyAM dekhAya che. pote vaidikamatanA hAvAthI kevaLa purANAmAM ja "AMdhrabhRtya ane zuM - bhRtya" zabdo najare paDe che. uparAMta je prakAranI rAjakIya krAMti temaNe upADI hatI, tenA pariNAme atyAra sudhI cAlI AvatI paddhatimAM jabaradasta palaTA thaI javA pAmyA hatA; eTale je svataMtratA kAI mAMDaLika rAjA svadeze bhegavI rahyo hatA te naSTa thaI gaI hatI ane tenA kapALe kevaLa tAbedArInuM ja laMchana dareka prakAre cAMTatuM thayuM hatuMH athavA tema nahIM tA tene tyAga karI rAjakIya kSetramAMthI sadAne mATe khasI javuM paDatuM hatuM. matalaba ke pataMjalI mahAzayanA javA sAthe bhatya' nAmanI patine paNa lApa karI nAMkhavAmAM AvyA hatA. 'bhRtya' zabdanA prayAga kANe karyAM, zAmATe karyAM ane keTalA kALa sudhI te vaparAzamAM rahevA pAmyA tathA amuka pustakAmAM ja mAtra zA mATe tenuM darzana thayA kare che te sarva hakIkata ATalA vivecanathI have spaSTa samajavAmAM AvI gaI haze. AMdhrabhRtyAnA pratihAsa (46) jIe samrATa priyadarzinanA khaDaka lekha na, 13; temAM kaliMgadeza uparanI tenI chatanuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che; tathA sarakhA sudarzana taLAvanI prAstimAMnA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ aSTama khaDa bhRtyapaNAnI rAjyaprathAnA nAza pataMjalI mahAbhASyakAranA samayathI athavA kaho ke temanA vigha. mAnapaNAne abhAva thayA bAda thayA che eTaluM jyAre siddha thayuM tyAre prazna e thAya che ke, te pUrve tenuM astitva hatuM ke kema ? ane hatuM teA, je sAtamA AMdhrapati zAtakaraNa pataMjalI bhagavAnane samakAlIna hatA te pote, temaja tenI pUrvanA e AMdhrapatio, rAjakIya darajje svataMtra hatA ke kAryanA mAMDaLikapaNe hatA ane hatA tA keTalA samaya mATe I. I. te ApaNe jANI levuM joie. ullekha. temAM jaNAvyuM che ke, dakSiNApathanA svAmIne peAtAnA khAhubaLe be vakhata jItI lai, najIkanA sagapaNanI gAMThathI tene joDayA hatA tathA te kAraNathI jIvatA che|DI mUkayA hatA, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tRtIya pariccheda ] caNA cAvavA jevuM hatuM. eTale magadhanI hadanI pazcima dizAethI (ku lagabhaga jyAM AgaLa caMdraguptamArye paNa peAtAnI gAdInI sthApanA karI hatI) utarIne javAnuM yathAyeAgya lAgyuM haze. temaja magadhanA rAjakarmacArIoe paNa tema karavAnI ja salAha ApI hAvI joie kemake, khajInA mulaka badhA potAnI mAlikInA ja hatA; temaja te banne bhAI e bhale zUdrANInA kumAre| hatA paraMtu Akhare te te petAnA sadgata rAjAnA putrA ja hatA temaja rAjapATa upara temanA haka pahoMcatA ja hatA. jo bhAgyavividha temanI virUddha na paDI hAta te| temanA ja abhiSeka gAdI upara thAta ane temanA ja caraNAmAM te sarvene peAtAnAM zIra jhUkAvavAM paData. eTale ke magadhapati tarIkenA rAjyahaka temane nAbUda karI naMkhAyA haiAvA chatAM, rAjaputrAne zobhe tevA mAnamaratakhAthI temane vidAya thavAnI sarve jogavAI karI ApI haze ema ApaNe svIkArI levuM joIe ja; balke kahA ke, rAjakumAra tarIke magadhasAmrAjyanI hakumatamAMthI thADe ghaNA pradeza rAjabhAga nimitte kADhI ApyA paNa haro. eTale temaNe magadhanI hadanI lagAlaga Avela pradeza jene ApaNe vartamAnakALa, revAbuMdelakhaMDa rAjyanA saMsthAna ane madhyaprAMtanA mahAkAzaLa tarIke oLakhI rahyA chIe, te bhUminI potAnA hissA mATe mAMgaNI karelI hAvI joie, balke temane te pradeza Apela hAvA joie. A sthitimAM kumArazrImukhe svataMtra rIte peAtAnA vaMzanI sthApanA jo kai rIte karI ja hAya, tA madhyaprAMtanA pUrva bhAgamAM karIne temAMnI kAIka anukULa jagyAne rAjanagara tarIke pasaMda kareluM hAvuM joie. (A viSayanI vicAraNA AgaLa upara ApaNe karavAnA chIe). bIjAM te, te khAjI tene kAMI karavA jevuM hatuM ja nahIM; kemake sarva zAMtamaya vAtAvaraNa hatuM. vaLI AMtraNatyAnA itihAsa (47) rAo zrImukhanI umara A vakhate lagabhaga 32nI AsapAsanI hatI ane rAjA khAravelanI mAtra 26nI ja hatI. ( hAthIguphAnA lekha juo ) eTale enI vacce thI ATha varSanA taphAvata hatA; vizeSa mATe [ 1 magadha taraphathI ja tene te bhUminA kabo maLyeA hate. eTale ecAra mAsa jeTalA vakhatamAM sarva prakArane ThIka ThIka baMdobasta karIne pote vizeSa bhUmi jItavAnA ane rAjyane vistAra vadhArI devAnA mArga grahaNa karavA tatpara banyA. svAbhAvika che ke prathama dRSTie tenI abhilASA, je bAjI rAjakIya sthiti kAMika DAmADALa jevI dekhAtI haiAya te bAju ja paDe. ane te khAtu atyAre peAtAnI pUrva-dakSiNa dvaMde Avela liMgarAjyavALI ja hatI; kemake turatamAM ja tyAM khAravela-bhikhkhurAja gAdIe AvyA hatA ane peAtAthI nAnI uMmaranA hAI 47 tyAM tene peAtAne jIta maLavAnA vadhAre suMdara saMyeAgeA dekhAtA hatA. eTale pAtAthI ane teTaluM vizeSa sainya ekaThuM karI, pUrva taraphanA mArga teNe lIdhA ane kaliMga upara caDAI lai gayA. jevI tenA AkramaNanI khabara khAravelanA kAne paDI ke teNe paNa kAMipaNa vilaMba vinA tenA sAmanA karavAne prayANa AdaryuM ane zAtakaraNinI kiMcita mAtra paNa paravA karyA vinA dhasArA lai jai, evuM tA zaurya dAkhavyuM ke zrImukhate pAchuM hI javuM paDayuM. khAravele paNa aMtima da sudhI tene pIchA choDayA nahIM. aMte rAjA zrImukha jyAre pAchA haThatA hatA nAsika sudhI paheAMcyA ane saMsthAdriparvatanI Athe jatA rahyo; eTale khAravelane kASTha upAya hAtha na rahevAthI pAchA pharyAM ane nijhAmI rAjyavALA sarvAM bhAga kaliMgasAmrAjyamAM bheLavI daIne pete svastha banyA. kahe che ke rAjA khAravela pAchA pharyAM tyAre teNe kAMIka rASamAM AvIne A mulkane (nijhAmI rAjyanA) keTalAka bhAga khALI nAMkhyA hatA.4 A pramANe zrImukhanI rAjakIya sthiti thai javAthI eka rIte tene rAjA khAravelanA khaDiyA cai gayela kahevAya; kemake tenA ja hAthe thappaDa khAdhI che ane tenA ja hAthe Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat pU. 54 jue. (48) A badhI paristhiti hAthIguphAnA lekhanI trIjI ceAthI paMktithI spaSTapaNe samajI zakAro (jIe pu. 4mAM tenuM jIvanacaritra). www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dera ] AMdhrabhUtyano ItihAsa [ aSTama khaMDa parAjIta thayo che, paraMtu bIjI rIte tene khAravelanA putra vakrIva AvyuM che. eTale 392 sudhI gautamImAMDalika na ja kahI zakAya kemake rAjA khAravele bhale putranI svataMtratA upara kaI rIte trApa paDI hoya ke tene pAchA haThAvI dIdhA che ane tenA mulakane kabaje tene keIe chaMcheDavAne prayatna karyo hoya evuM dekhAtuM paNa meLavI lIdho che paraMtu jyAM sudhI banne jaNuM nathI. tema sAmA uThIne teNe pitAnA be paDelI sAmasAmAM AvIne eka bIjAne najare paNa paDayA rAjyomAMthI keI upara AkramaNa karyuM hoya evuM nathI tema kAI dUta ke saMdezavAhaka dvArA keI jAtanI paNa dekhAtuM nathI; jeke prathamanuM rAjya je magadhanuM suleha ke saMdhI karavAno lezamAtra prayatna karyAnuM paNa hatuM te eka rIte to tenA kAkAnuM ja (mahAnaMda te naMdajaNAyuM nathI tyAM sudhI rAjA zrImukha parAjaya pAmyo bIjAne putra-tema gautamIputrano pitA zrImukha, te 5NuM hevA chatAM ane keTalAka mulaka gumAvI beThe hevA mahAnaMdane ja eTale naMdabIjAne ja putra hatA--bhale chatAM taddana svataMtra rahevA pAmyo che eTaluM te kahevuM bane judI judI zadvANInA peTe janmyA hatA paraMtu paDaze ja. eTale tenA sikkAmAM pitAne je viliyakurasa oramAna bhAIo te kharA ja ne! te gaNatrIe vIravalaya dhAraNa karanAra49 tarIke oLakhAvyo che kAkA lekhAya ja) hatuM. joke rAjyakAraNamAM eka bIjAthI te eka rIte tene svataMtra khavAsa batAve che. A chUTA paDayA bAda AvA kauTuMbika saMbaMdha tarapha bahu sthiti teNe potAnA mRtyasudhI TakAvI rAkhI dekhAya che. lakSa rakhAtuM nathI ja, chatAM e paNa kabUla karavuM ja tenI gAdIe I.sa. pU. 414mAM tene putra gautamI- joIe ke gaiAtamIputra yajJazrI e baLavAna rAjA putra yAtrI (rANI nAganikAno pati) Avyo che. tene nahote ke keInI madada vinA magadha jevaDA mahAna rAjaamala I. sa. pU. 414 thI 384 sudhInA 30 pradezanA rAjavI sAme ekalA paDe svabaLa upara jhajhumI varSano gaNAya che. te vakhate be paDozI rAjyomAMnA zake. eTale teNe sAme humale laI javAne prayatna eka magadha upara naMdanavamAnuM rAjya (I. sa. pU. Adaryo nahoto. tema bIjI bAjunA kaliMgapati tarapha 415 thI 372 = 43 varSa) ane bIjA kaliMga paNuM mITa mAMDI zake tema nahotuM. kemake eka te upara, cakravartikhAravelanuM rAjya (I. sa. pU 429 khAravela jyAre ugatA hatA tyAre ja, pitAnA pitA thI I. sa. pU. 33) sudhI tapI rahyuM hatuM. AmAMne rAjA zrImukhane teNe je mahAna apamAnamAM nAMkhI magadhapati to, pitAnA rAjyamAM je khaLabhaLATa tenA devA jevI hAra khavarAvI hatI te tenA smaraNamAMthI purogAmI naMda thI 8 sudhInA rAjaamalamAM jAmI paDayo khasavA nahI pAmI hoya, tema bIjI tarapha te samaye hato te dAbI devAmAM ane astavyasta sthitine zAMte bAda te rAjA khAravelanI jAherajalAlI ane prabhAva paNe goThavI sarva bAjI sudhArI levAmAM rokAyo hate. uttarottara dIna para dIna vadhatAM ja cAlyAM hatAM. jyAre eTale thoDA vakhata sudhI te tenA taraphathI pitA pote te je sthitimAM gAdIe AvyA hatA tene upara humalo karavAmAM Ave e AMdhrapatine bhaya ja te ja lagabhaga rahevA pAmyuM hatuMeTale te benI nahotA. tema bIjI bAju khAravele pitAnA rAjya vacce mukAbale karavA jevuM ja nahotuM. A pramANe kALanA pUrvArdhanA paMdareka varSe rAjakAraNamAM paDI khUba tenI tathA tenA AsapAsanA be mahAna rAjyanI kIrti, dravya ane rAjyavistAra meLavI sanyasta dazA paristhiti hatI. jevuM I. sa. pU. 392mAM khAravelanuM gujAravAnuM mana upara lIdhuM hoya evuM tenA jIvana- maraNa nIpajyuM ne vakragrIvane amala zarU thayo ke vRttAMta uparathI tarI Ave che ane pachI I. sa. pU. prathama te magadhapatie ja mAthuM ucakaryuM. rAjA vaka292-3mAM tenuM maraNa thavAthI tenI gAdIe tene grIvane bhale mahAna sAmrAjyane vArase tenA pitA (4) A pramANe artha thate hevAnuM ApaNe karAvyuM che. (juo pu.ramAM sikkAne 56,18nA varNane ApelI samajUti)

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vatIya pariccheda ] AMdhrabhune itihAsa [ 63 taraphathI maLyo hato, paraMtu pote vaibhavavilAsI tathA laI, tenA kAkAjI (gautamIputra yajJazrInA kAkA ane audaryane ja sodAgara hovAthI rAjakAjamAM jhaLakI uThe rAjAzrImukhanA nAnA bhAI)kRSNa pitAnI ANa pheravI te parAkramI nahe te eTale tenA rAjyane dakSiNane vALI hatI. A vaMzanA je sikkA maLI AvyA che bhAga dhIme dhIme svataMtra thaI gayo hato. pariNAme tenuM (juo pu. 2 AkRti naM. 70 tathA TIka naM. 146) rAjya nAnuM thavA lAgyuM hatuM. jethI mahAda magadhapatine te uparathI, temaja rANInAganikAvALA nAnAvATanA kaliMgapatine je Dara rAkhavo paDato hato tenuM eka zilAlekhathI A sthiti kalpI zakAya che. jo ke teNe kAraNuM ochuM thaI gayuM hatuM. te dura thatAM ja, mahAnaMde kharA hakadArane hakka DUbAvI dIdho hato chatAM bIjI gautamIputra AMdhrapati upara caDhAI karI hoya ema kaI jAtane, uparI rAjya ke prajA taraphano khaLasamajAya che. A laDAIne samaya ApaNe cokkasa karI bhaLATa thavA pAmyo nathI, eTale samajavuM rahe che ke nathI zakatA, paraMtu I. sa. pU. 390 thI 384 teNe magadhapatinA-mahAnaMdanuM tathA caMdraguptamairyanuM pa3 sudhInA cha varSanA gALAmAM te hevAnuM saMbhave che. je temanA samayaparatvenuM-khaMDiyApaNAne svIkAra karI 384mAM ja kare che te yuddhamAM gautamIputranuM maraNa lIdho haze. eTale sAra e thayo ke, gautamIputra yajJazrI thayuM hatuM ema mAnI levuM raheze. paraMtu te pUrve amuka samaya sudhI svataMtra hatA, paraMtu uttarAvasthAmAM laDAI thaI hoya to temAM caitamIputra parAjaya pAme thoDAMka varSo sudhI te mAMDaLika hata; temaja rAjA kRSNa che ane mahAnaMdanuM mAMDalikapaNuM kabUlI lIdhuM che ema pitAnA AkhAye samaya paryata mAMDaLikapaNe ja hato ane svIkAravuM paDaze. je sikkAo ApaNane upalabdha thayA rANI nA nikA kahe ke tene sagIra putra kahA, te paNa che te ane tene ukela, je sAcAM hoya te bIjI mAtra daseka mahinAnI avadhisudhI mAMDalikapaNe rahyo hato. sthitimAM te mUkAyo hato ema kahevuM paDaze. tenA upara darzAvela rAjA kRSNanuM rAjya daseka varSa maraNa samaye tenA be putro hayAta hatA.52 moTAnI cAhyuM che. I. sa. pU. 383 thI 373 sudhI. tenI umara ATha varSanI ane nAnAnI cha varSanI hatI. A pachI pelI vidhavA rANInAganikAnA jayeSTha putranepramANe te bane putro sagIra hovAthI, temanI vatI vasata zrI matvika zrI zAtakaraNIna-amala pAcho temanI vidhavA mAtA, rANInAganikAe rAjyanI cUMsarI zarU thayo che. tenuM gAdIe AvavuM be traNa kAraNathI mAthe upADI lIdhI hatI. A boja teNIne asahya thayuM saMbhave che (1) rAjA kRSNa pite ati vRddha thaI thaI pAyo hoya ke duHkhanI mArI prajAnuM hita gayo hato eTale kudaratI mete te maraNuM pAmyo hoya saMbhALI zakI na hoya-paNa teNI pAsethI rAjya khUMcavI kemake lagabhaga 6568nI umare54 te pahoMcyo hato (50) juo pu. 2 sikkA AkRti naM. 69. zrIkRSNanA rAjyane aMta 373mAM AvI gayA hoya ema gaNatrI 51) jIo sikkA citra ne. 70 (ukela sAthe hoya parathI nIkaLe che. chatAM gaNatrI hamezAM kAMI sAcI paDatI nathI ja te . chAnA sikkAnuM vAMcana khATuM kare che ane eTale ahIM saMbhavitapaNuM manAvyuM che. kei sikko je pravacana sAcuM hoya te, sarva cinha ane ghoDAnAM cinhane maLI Ave te nakkI karI zakAya ke kaI sthiti hatI. ukela je pramANe karAto Avyo che te khoTA che. bemAMthI eka bIjI sthiti e paNa che ke, caMdragupta samrATa banya vasta-mAM ukela ane kAMte vAMcana-sAyI che ane bIjI te pahelAM, te jyAre nAnA pradezanA rAjA hatA tyAra, mulaka vastu kheTI che. meLavavAnI tene tamannA hatI; te samaye A kRSNa AMdhrapati (52) jue rANI nA nikAe ketarAvela nAnAghATane sAthe yuddha karIne tene mArI nAMkhyo paNa hoya (juo zilAlekha (pAMcamA paricachede lekha naM. 1) pu. 2 mAM 373nI samayAvaLI) (53) caMdraguptanuM khaMDiyApaNuM svIkAryAne saMbhava nathI (54) mImukha karatAM tene be varSe nAno gaNIe, te ja, kemake te I. sa. pU. 372mAM samrATa banyo che jyAre hisAbe 14 varSane kahyo che. zrImukhane janma i. sa. pU. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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AMdhrabhRtyano ItihAsa [ aSTama khaMDa (2) pite 19 varSanA thayA hatA (potAnA pitAnA pAMDayArAjAnA mUlakasudhI pitAno vijaya ke vagaDAvI' maraNa samaye 8 varSano hata + 10 mAsa tenI vatI dI hato. eTale A malikazrIe potAnA rAjyatenI mAtAe hakamata calAvI + 10 rAjA kRSNane kALanA prathamanAM lagabhaga aThThAvIsa varSa mAMDaLikapaNe sattAkALa Takayo che = 19 varSa) eTale rAja calA- gAlyAM che ane uttarAvasthAne lagabhaga teTaleja vavA jevaDI pukhta umarano thayo hato. paraMtu A kALa-bIjA aThThAvIsa varSa-anya rAjAone teNe kAraNa saMbhavita nathI kemake te samaye 14 varSanI mAMDaLika paNe rAkhyA che. vaye 5 pAkI uMmara (Limit of Majority:) mallikazrI vadasanI maraNa samaye magadhamAM samrATa gaNAtI hatI (3) A samaye ja mahAnaMdanA rAjyane azAkanI ANa phelAI rahI hatI. samrATa azokanI aMta, caMdraguptanuM samrATa thavuM ane cANakayanuM mahAmaMtrI traNe avasthAnI rAjakArakIdine samaya (4 varSa 5da I. thavA pAmyAM hatAM. eTale mahAnaMda rAye pitAne rAjyAbhiSekanI pUrvanA + 24 varSa samrATa tarikenA+ 13 je anyAya thayela samajA hato tathA gAdI khoI varSe kuMvara priyadarzananI sagIra avasthAmAM rITa besavI paDI hatI temAMthI nyAya meLavavA je avasara tarIkenA) 41 varasano che; temAMnA prathamanA bAreka prApta thayo che tevI samajaNathI, pite sarva sattAdhIza varSa (I. sa. pU. 330thI 318 sudhI) A malika pAse kesa raju karyo hoya. A traNamAMthI game te zrIe nihALyAM che. te bAda tenI gAdie teno putra kAraNa banavA pAmyuM hoya ke traNemAM thoDA thoDA aMze mADharIputra AvyuM hatuM. tenuM rAjya Asare 18 varSa zakayatA hoya, paraMtu eTaluM kharuM che ke te pote coryuM che. eTale tene AkhAye rAjya amala karIne AMdhrapati banavA pAmyo hato ne teNe mairya azAkanI jIvana avasthAmAM ja, pasAra thavA pAme samrATanuM mAMDalikapaNuM aMgikAra karyuM hatuM. A tenuM che. jyAre azokanuM jIvana, uttarahiMdamAMnI potAnI mAMDaLikapaNuM caMdraguptanA AkhA samaya paryata cAlu rahyuM tAbedAra sarvaprajAmAM thatA baLavAo dAbI devAmAM, hatuM. te bAda samrATa biMdusAranA rAjaamale jyAM temaja alekjhAMDaranA maraNa bAda tenA vArasadAra selyusudhI 5. cANakyanuM netRtvapada jArI hatuM tyAMsudhIye kasa nikeTare hiMda upara lagabhaga je bAreka vakhata malika zrI prabhaya hato ja; paraMtu jyAre dakSiNamAM humalA karyA hatA tene mArI haThAvavAmAM. temaja pitAnA anya rAjAoe magadhapatinI ANa pheMkI devA mAMDI gRhakaMkAsamAM, eTaluM badhuM parovAI rahevA pAmyuM hatuM ke tyAre A malikazrI zAtakaraNIe paNa pitAne tene pitAne uttarahidane je mulaka pitA taraphathI svataMtra hAtha ajamAvavA mAMDayo hateA (I. sa. pU. vArasAmAM maLyo hato tene sAcavI rAkhavAmAM japetAnuM 345 thI 340 AsapAsamAM) ane magadhanI ANa- sarvasva mAnI levuM paDayuM hatuM; dakSihida tarapha zuM mAMthI svataMtra thatAM dakSiNanAM nAnAM nAnAM rAjyone sthiti pravartI rahI hatI te tarapha uMcI AMkha karIne pitAnA sAmatvamAM lAvI mUkyAM hatAM. tathA pitAnA jovA paNa te pAmyo nathI. eTale mArI putre pitAne rAjyanA aMta sudhI nabhAvye rAkhyAM hatAM. vaLI teNe maLela vArasAnA sarvapradeza upara-kaliMga suddhAMta taddana Aja pramANe pUrvane kaliMga jItI laIne dakSiNamAM svataMtra rAjakartA tarIke ja57 pitAnuM jIvana vyatIta 58mAM ane kRSNane 456mAM thayAnuM gaNAya; zedhatAM prathamanuM kAraNuM utpAdana che ane bIju tenuM samarthaka che. jaNAyuM che ke caMdragupta sAthenI laDAImAM te maraNa pAmyuM paraMtu mahAbaLavAnapaNue temAM bhAga bhajavye che (juo lAge che (juo tenuM vRttAMta). uparanI TI. 53 ane tene lagatu pu. 2 mAM I. sa. pU. (55) jue daSTAMta mATe, rAjA zreNika, priyadarzina 373 samacAvaLInuM lakhANa.). ItyAdinAM jIvanacaritra. (57) pu. 2 sikAcitra AkRti naM. 59 jue. (56) paheluM ane trIjuM vadhAre saMbhavita che temAM paNa

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vatIya pariccheda ] AMdhrabhUtyone ItihAsa karyuM hatuM. tenuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 299mAM thayuM hatuM. mahera pADI punarapi tene adhikArapade sthApita karyo - te bAda teno putra gautamIputra aMdhagupta chaThTho hato. A banAvane samaya I. sa. pU. 281 che. AMdhrapati tarIke Avyo hato. te gAdIe beThe tyAre pite gAdI upara Avyo tyArathI lagabhaga 45 varSa paNa svataMtra ja hatA. temaja samrATa azoke priyadarzinane sudhI-jyAre samrATa priyadarzinanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. rAjyalagAma soMpI (I. sa. pU. ra90 ) tyAMsudhI, 2367mAM thayuM tyAMsudhI-te tene khaMDiyo ja rahyo tathA te bAda pAMceka varSaparyata priyadarzine uttara hiMda che. te bAda mauryavaMzanI paDatI thatI cAlI che eTale paranA mulaka upara prayANa karyuM rAkhyuM hatuM tyAMsudhI, AMdhrapatioe svataMtra banI AMdhrabhUtyAnuM kalaMka bhUMsI tenI svataMtratA jaLavAI rahI hatI ja. paraMtu jevI nAMkhyuM che. jethI A sAtamA AMdhrapatinA uttara priyadarzine dakSiNa hiMda chatavAne najara mAMDIne prayANa jIvananA 11 varSo (I. sa. pU. 236 thI 225 sudhInA) AdaryuM ke prathama jhapATe ja A chaThThA adhipatinI svataMtrapaNe gayAM kahevAya. eTaluM ja nahiM balake potAnA svataMtratA haNAI gaI hatI (I. sa. pU. 284-5) purogAmI (. 4 AMdhrapati) ane pitAnA jeTalo ja ane potAnI putrI, samrATa priyadarzinane paraNAvI, saMdhi lAMbo kALa sudhI rAjapada bhogavanAra malika zrI karI levI paDI hatI. jo ke priyadarzine pita, anyatra sadasatanI peThe, keTalAka anya rAjavIone te potAnA amalamAM mUkela rAjanIti pramANe, ahIM paNa jItela - sArvamatva taLe lAvavAne bhAgyazALI thayo hato. sava pradezaupara tene teja bhUpatione pitAnuM uparI (A hakIkata tenA jIvanavRttAMtamAM savistara" apAze). paNuM kabUla karAvIne rAjyAdhikAre punaH sthApita karyA tenA maraNa samaye je ke pataMjalI mahAzaya hatA ja58 eTale A chaThThA AMdhrapatie 299thI jIvaMta hatA ja paraMtu te samayasudhImAM rAjyatvanI 284 sudhInAM 14-15 varSa svataMtra adhikAre59 ati bhAvanA je cAlI AvatI hatI te lagabhaga ane bAkInAM cAreka varSa priyadarzinanA mAMDaLikapaNe adazya thaI javA pAmI hatI. eTale A pArigrAphanA gujArI 18 varSa rAjaya bhegaLyuM hatuM. uparI bhAge jaNAvAyuM che tema, AMdhrabhUtyAne zabda- chaThThA AMdhrapatinI gAdIe tene putra vasiSThaputra prayoga paNa purANamAMthI adazya thaI gayuM che ema zAtakaraNI sAtamA AMdhrapati tarIke AgyA; te kahI zakAya. chatAM pataMjalI mahAzayanA dhArmikepadeza Avyo tyArathI mAMDalikapaNe ja hato. paraMtu yuvAna ane pramANe vartatA zuMgavaMzI avaMtipatioe paNa, temaja uchaLatA madane hovAthI mAMDaLikapaNe phagAvI devAne prarUpita rAjya vyavasthA calAvye rAkhI hatI. eTale talapApaDa rahyA karato jethI teNe priyadarzinanI sAme mAthuM eka rIte kahI zakAya ke zaMgavaMzI samrATa agnimitra ucakaryuM hatuM. eTale tene mada utAravA samrATa priya potAne sArvabhaumatva sacita bIjo azvamedha yajJa Adaryo dazanane ajoDa ane adITha evuM bhayaMkara mahAyuddha tyAMsudhI parAjIta rAjAone khaMDiyA tarIke rAkhavAnI A kaliMgapati sAthe khelavuM paDayuM hatuM ane prathA cheDe ghaNe aMze cAlu rahI hatI.64 jethI karIne mAMDalikapaNunI chApaupara vadhAre joradAra sikkA A vastusthiti bhayapaNAnI gaNatrInA siddhAMta tarIke (58) nAo sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti pu. 2 tathA che temAM prathama vakhata te uparanI TI. naM. 58 vALe ane 4mAM ane jaina sAhityagraMthamAM saMgratinuM jIvanacaritra. bIje vakhata te A prasaMga samajo. abhyAsane pariNAme (59) jIo sikkA AkRti naM. 80. samajAya che ke, tenI kanyA nahIM paNa tenI bena lIdhI che. (10) jIo sikkA AkRti naM. 63, 64. (63) jIo sikA citra naM. 65 tathA naM. , 75 (61) juo samrATa priyadarzinanA dhaulInAgauDAvALA (jarA zAMkAspada che.) khaDakhanI hakIkta. () juo pR. 30 upara rAjAonI saMkhyA gaNA(62) jue dhaulInA gauDAno khaDakalekha tathA sudarzana vavAmAM apilakane AMdhrabhRtyAmAM karAvavA vALI yuktine taLAvanI prazasti; be vakhata cho javA dIdhe je kaho ullekha.

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caDhI gaLa AMdhabhratyeno itihAsa [ aSTama khaMDa atra mAnya rahe tevI nathI kemake jItelA rAjA keTalA vakhatasudhI te sthitimAM rahevA pAmyA hatA tathA ane mulaka ja emaNe la sAmrAjyamAM kayArAme nA bhatyA teo hatA te sarva hakIkata mArI tapAsamAM bheLavI levA mAMDayo hato. ' jeTalI AvI te kahI batAvI che. eka vakhate A pramANe " pratyazabda vaDe Ama- jenArane te khyAlamAM AvI jAya te mATe tene eka vathIomAMthI kayA rAjA samajI zakAya ane te pratyeka koThArUpa utArI batAvuM chuM. sAtamA rAthI mAMDIne rAja hAla sudhI rAjayavyavasthA bahu asthira cAlatI hatI. joke rAMgavaMzI samrATae, temaja nahapANa kSaharATa avaMtipatie. AMdhravaMzIone harAvI harAvIne tenA pikarAvI hatI paraMtu A samaye parAjIta rAjAone mulaka, vijetA rAjA pitAnA rAjyamAM bheLavI letA hevAthI parAjIne "bhatya" zabda lagADI zakAya nahIM. eTale atra darzAvela sAta rAjyanA rAjayamala sudhI ja mAMDaLikapaNunI "bhatyA" kahevaDAvavAnI prathA sacavAI rahI hatI ema gaNavuM rahe che. ATha rAjAnuM nAma rAjya samaya kene mAMDaLika amala rAja zrImukha | 13 varSa I. sa. pU. 4ra7 thI 413] eka rIte taddana svataMtra ja; vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNi bIjI rIte khAravelano 2| gotamIputra yajJazrI | 30 varSa 413 thI 090 = 23 varSa / svataMtra 28 thI 383 = 3 varSa | magadhapati mahAnaMdane vasata zrI vasiSThaputra | 10 mAsa 383 thI 382 = 10 mAsa maga magadhapati mahAnaMda u navamA (sagIra avasthAmAM) naMdano kRSNa vasiSThaputra 10 varSa a82 thI 37ra * 10 varSa | magadhapati navamA naMdane vasata zrI mahilakI 54.30 thI 35 15 ,, maryavaMzI caMdraguptane (umara lAyaka thayA bAda) 357 thI 344 = - biMdusArane rANI nA nikAne putra 344 thI 318 = taddana svataMtrapaNe maDhArIputra [ 18 gautamIputra kRSNa aMdhagupta, 18, zAMtaNi ] 218 thI 299 tadana svataMtra 299 thI 285 = 14 varSa svataMtra 285 thI 281 = 4 ) | samrATa priyadarzinane 18 7 vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNi | 56 ,, | 281 thI samrATa priyadarzinano u pulumAvI 236 thI 229 = svataMtrapaNe 229 thI 225 = = 4 , ] sArvabhaumapaNe ... , Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturthe pariccheda zatavahunavaMza (cAlu) sakSiptasAra --AMdhrapatinI rAjagAdinAM sthaLa vize, je aneka nAme khelAya che, te darekanI zakayAzakayatA vize karela carcA-tathA kayuM sthaLa samayAnukULa te sthAna bhAgavatuM hatuM tenA Apela khyAla~ A vazanA sarva rAjAe, peAtAnAM nAma sAthe, sarva sAmAnya vizeSaNA joData hAvAthI UbhI thatI muzkelInA Apela citAra-chatAM temAMthI jenA ukela mAtRetranA mULathI karI zakAyA che tenI Apela samajUtibhinna bhinna samaye kayA rAjA, kA dharma pALatA, te muddo samajAvI, temaNe jyAre parivartana kareluM tyAre kevA sa'ceAgA hatA ane kevI rIte temane paristhitine anukULa thavuM paDayuM hatuM tenA Apela khyAla te te prasaMge thayela dharmakrAMtine aMge, prajA upara nIpajelI asaranuM karela varNana--rAjakAraNamAM thayela krAMtinuM kicidaMze Apela varNana--chevaTe A krAMtimAM mukhya bhAga bhajavanAra bhagavAna pataMjalinI, ane tevI ja rIte bIjA prakhyAta thayelA zajakarmacArI pa. cANakayanI, karelI sarakhAmaNI

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68 ] rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize [ aSTama khaMDa zatavahanavaMza (cAlu) jamyA hatA. maMtrImaMDaLe kSatriyANI jAyAone ja jyAM AMdhavaMzanI sarva sthitinAmAvaLA, vaMzA- adhikAra gAdI upara hevAnuM TharAvyAthI be meTA vaLI Isarva vastu ja aMdhArAmAM paDelI che tyAM putra (temAM paNa moTo zrImukha, ane bIje kaccha rAjapATanAM sthAna vizenI mAhitI nAmathI itihAsamAM je AMdhrapati tarIke prakhyAta thayA rAjagAdInAM sthAna paNa saMdigdha ja dekhAya temAM che te) e rUsaNuM laIne magadhanI hada cheDI (uparano vize Azcaryajanaka kAMI na ja kahevAya. paricacheda juo) pitAnA rAjyanI hadamAM anyatra vaLa AkhA vaMzane AyaSya ne vasavATa karI bhAgya ajamAvavAnuM upADI lIdhuM hatuM. tene je rAjakIya palaTAmAMthI pasAra thavuM paDyuM che te vidhyAcaLa parvatanI hAramALA jyAM pUrva dIzAmAM pUrI jotAM 5Nu sahaja samajI zakAya tema che ke, tene thaI jAya che tathA jayAM thoDAka sapATa pradeza che ane rAjapATa vize aneka raMgaDhaMga sahana karavA paDyA jyAM hAla choTAnAgapuravALA bhAga Avela che tyAMthI haze. te vize aneka sthAno sUcavAyAM che. jevAM ke dakSiNa tarapha teo utaryA, te samaye tAjetaramAM pAsenA dakSiNanAM paiThaNa-smRtiSThAnapura, jInera, samudrataTa upara kaligadeza upara rAjA khAravelane rAjyAbhiSeka thaI AveluM parakanagara, cAMdA-caMdA (varADa cha ), gayA hatA. vaLI khAravelanI umara 5Na zrImukhakaratAM nijhAmI rAjyamAM AvelAM cinura ane varaMgula tathA keTalIe nAnI hatI (juo uparamAM pR. 5ra) temaja kaliMga amarAvatI ane muMbaI IlAkAnI TheTha dakSiNamAM karatAM magadhanuM sAmrAjya vistAravaMta hovAthI zrImukhane Avela tuMgabhadrA nadInA taTapradezamAM AveluM vijayanuM vizeSa pramANamAM rAjyasaMcAlananI tAlima maLI gaI nagara. A pramANe cha sAta sthAna lekhAyAM che paraMtu hatI. AvAM anekavidha saMge pitAnI tarapheNamAM che yA ane kema saMbhavita che tenuM vivecana keI sthAna ema mAnI. zrImukhe khoravelanI hada upara ja AkramaNa upara carcAyuM dekhAtuM nathI mATe te viSaya ApaNe atra laI javAnuM pasaMda karyuM hatuM (juo hAthIguMphA lekha). grahaNa karIzuM. paraMtu khAravela gAdIpati hatA, eTale vizeSa sAmagrIne magadhapati naMdabIjAnuM maraNa ( juo pu. 1mAM svAmI hatA jyAre zrImukha pote sthAna vagarano ane tene adhikAra) ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pUrve 427mAM eka kumAra mAtra ja hato eTale khAravelanI sAme TakI nIpajyA bAda, kANu magadhanI gAdIe AvI zake te zake nahIM ane pAchA haThI haThIne viMdhyAcaLanA dakSiNa prazna upasthiti thaya hatA; kemake tene putro to lagabhaga navanI saMkhyAmAM te samaye haiyAta hatA. paraMtu pradezanI samAna lITIe, TheTha nAsika sudhI jatA sauthI moTA be ane sauthI nAne ema maLI kula traNa rahevAnI pharaja paDI hatI. pitAnA svataMtra jIvananA putro dvANI peTe ane bAkInA cha kSatriyANI peTe AraMbhanA prathama pagathiye ja AvA nirAzAmaya anu (1) A rAhera varADa jIllAmAM Avela vardhA ane paina rahe che. tethI tene ahIM ullekha kare paDayo che. nadInA saMgama upara Avela che. rAjagAdInA eka sthAna tarIke ) jema naM. 1mAM jaNAvela caMdA be nadIonA amarAvatI 5Nu lekhAya che tenA nIcenI TIkA na, 2) saMgama uparanuM sthaLa che teja mizAle A cinuranuM sthAna eTale A sthAna sAthe bheLavI devAmAM AvyuM dekhAya che. paNuM godAvarI ane purohita (vana ane paina madInA sayAnInI TIkA naM. 6 tathA 8 sAthe sarakhAvo. 'gathI banavA pAmI che)nA saMgama upara hovAthI saMbhAvya (2) amarAvatI nAma levAya che tene vidvAnoe, makhya sthAna tarIkenI gaNanAmAM AvI gayuM hoya. uparanI TIkA sthAna tarIkaLI prAMta-vADa chalAmAM Avela amarAvatI lekhavyuM che. parata naM. 1 ane nIcenI TIkA naM. 8 sAthe sarakhAvo. tathA te vAstavika nathI. , 1, 5157 TI. naM. 25 juo. te amarAvatI, jenuM sthAna dhanakaTakanA pradezamAM Avela (3) zatavahana vazIonuM tIrthadhAma A sthAne hatuM che (jIe pu. 1, pR. 153mAM tene adhikAra) te samajavuM (juo AgaLa pAMcamAM pario naM. 13ne lekha).

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caturtha pariccheda ]. rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize [ 68 dhoLIyA * haw nagraMNA bhava maLavAthI, vizeSa prayatna karavA agAu kAIka sthAna vAyavya khUNe paMdara vIsa mAIlanA aMtare Avela che. upara sthita thavAnI jarUriyAta tene lAgI hatI. eTale eTale ke tene nAsikanI pazcima dizAe AveluM nAsikavALA pradezamAM ja prathama rAjapATa sthApI dIdhuM. gaNI zakAya. matalaba ke Pyton nAsika zaheranI sAmAnya mAnyatA pramANe tene paiThaNu nAmathI oLa- pUrvamAM che ane Peint nAsikanI pazcimamAM che. hAthIkhavAmAM Ave che. guMphAnA lekhamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, A yuddhamAM zrImukhanI piThaNa nAmanAM be sthAna A pradezamAM Avela che. puMTha TheTha nAsika sudhI pakaDI hatI ane tyAM nAsI eka auraMgAbAda zaherathI dakSiNe lagabhaga 25-30 javAnI pharaja pADI hatI. eTale spaSTa thAya che ke, gavAdhana samaya zrImukhe je Azraya lIdho hoya te pUrva dizAmAMthI AvatA khAravelanA humalAnI sAmI bAjue, eTale nAsikanI pazcime ja lIdho hovo joIe. matalaba e thaI ke, zrImukhe potAnA rAjavaMzanI gAdInA sthAna tarIke maMgaLAcaraNamAM Paint ne pasaMdagI ApI hatI. A paiTane paiThaNa nAmathI sAmAnya rIte jaLa pIvAnA vartamAnakALe oLakhavAmAM Ave che. jyAre prAcIna samaye tene pratiSThAnapura nAmathI saMbodhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. vaLI A zahera DuMgarALa pradezamAM Avela hovAthI temaja surakSita heIna tathA trirazmi jevA pavitra tIrthadhAmanI taLeTI jevuM hovAthI rAjasthAna mATe vizeSa yogya paNuM hatuM. jyAre pracalita mAnyatA nAsikanI pUrve morArI 100 mAIla Avela paiThaNu Pytonne lagatI che. Pasthan(juo ke. AM.re. pra. pR. 39, pArA 48) on the Godavari in the Nizam's mAile Avela che. te Pyton tarIke nakazAmAM darzAvAyuM dominions the ancient Pratisthanpur che ane godAvarInA tIra pradezamAM ja AveluM che. is in Jain legend the capital of king paraMtu auraMgAbAda zahera, nAsikathI pUrva dizAmAM laga- Salivahana and his son Sakti-kumara bhaga 80-100 mAIle hevAthI, Pyton ne paNa (6 57, Nos. 1 & 3)=nIjhAmI rAjya, godAvarI nAsikanI pUrvamAM lagabhaga 100 mAIlanA aMtare ja nadI upara Avela paiThaNa, (jene) jaina datakathAAveluM gaNavuM paDaze. jyAre bIjuM sthaLa, Peint sAhityamAM purANuM pratiSThAnapura (kaheluM che te) zAlikahevAya che je nAsika jIllAmAM ane nAsika zaherathI vAhana rAjAnI ane tenA putra zaktikumAranI" (juo pI (4) jaina daMtakathAmAM paiThaNa-pratiSThAnapura lakhyuM che teTaluM (5) A vyaktinI oLakha mATe pAMcamA paricche? sAcuM che paraMtu ke. A. re.nA lekhake je sthAna hovAnuM ke, AM. re.nA sUcita sarva zilAlekha sabadhI carcA karI dhAryuM che tevuM vidhAna kaI jainadaMtakathAmAM che te jaNAvyuM che. tyAMthI na, 3nA nAsika zilAlekhe joI levI. hata te vadhAre upayogI thAta,

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70 ] pArA 57, zilAlekha naM. 1 ane 3) rAjagAdinuM sthAna hatuM. matalaba ke hAla pravartI rahelI paiThaNu (Pyton) vizenI mAnyatA karatAM, rAjadhAnInuM zahera peMTha (Peint) heAvA vize vizeSa zakayatA jaNAya che. kadAca samudrataTavALA pradezamAM AveluM seApArA supArka nagara (jyAM priyadarzinanA nAnA khaDaka lekhanA ceAMDA bhAga maLI Avye che te) paNa saMbhave che. kAMI vizeSa pUrAveA nathI eTale tenI vicAraNA cheADI daIzuM. kAi saMzAdhakane te dizAmAM prayAsa karavA ghaTe teA karI zake teTalA pUratuM nAma darzAvyuM che. rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize [ aThThama khaMDa killo, ke je zahera paNu AMdhrapatinI eka samaye rAjadhAnI hAvAnuM manAyuM che--A sarve sthAnA evI nadInA saMgama upara AvelAM che ke, jenA uccAra ane paristhiti jotAM te bannenI saMbhAvanA vize mizraNa karI devAyuM hAya ema samajAya che. temaja A traNe sthAne, prAcIna samayathI jANItI ane pavitra evI geAdAvarI ane kRSNA nadI upara-athavA tenI zAkhA upara-Avela hAvAthI paNa, kAIne kAi prakAre eka sthAna khIjAtI jagyA pUravAne upayAgI thaI paDayuM hAya ema dekhAya che. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, junnera tathA caMdA ane cinuranAM sthAna vize--cAMdAzahera ke cinuranA killAne rAjagAdInA sthAna tarIke svIkArI levAne bahu majabUta TakA maLatA hAya tevI paristhiti nathI dekhAtI. Adi rAjA zrImukha ane tenA putra gaiAtamIputra yajJazrInA rAjya daramyAna ( emAMthI krAnA samaye-te viSaya temanA vRttAMtamAM carcAvAmAM Avaze) varADa jIllA ane madhyaprAMtavALA pradeza jItI levAmAM AvyA hatA eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa jyAMsudhI I. sa. pU. 190nA arasAmAM te samayanA AMdhrapati vidarbhapati pAsethI zuMgavazI samrATa agnimitra yuddhamAM te pradeza jItI lIdhA tathA sulehanAmAnI eka zarata tarIke te vibhipatinI kuMvarI mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM tyAMsudhI, te sadhaLA pradeza AMdhrapatinA svataMtra adhikAra taLe ja hatA. A gALA lagabhaga aDhI sadIne kahI zakAze. caMdA-cAMdAzahera varADa jIllAmAM moTuM zahera che. vaLI vartamAnakALe jyAM amarAvatI zahera AveluM che tenI najIkamAM ja te AveluM che,tema amarAvatIne! paNa AMdhrapatinI jAheAjalAlI sAthe saMyukta thayelI vAMcavAmAM Ave che. uparAMta A cAMdAzahera ane AMdhrapationuM samRddhiyukta uparAsta amarAvatI, e banne zaherAnAM sthAna tathA cinurane (6) karyuM amarAvatI ? varADa jIllAnuM ke anya koi sthaLa te nAmanuM hatuM. A mAhitI meLavavAnI kaDAkuTamAM utAryA sivAya, TharAvI devAyuM lAge che ke te varADanuM ja heAvuM joie. ( viroSa mATe juo nIcenI TIkA na'. 10) (7) kharI rIte caMdA ane amarAvatI te e zaheranuM nahIM', 'para'tu rAjapATa tarIke je eka anya nagaranI sabhAnA lekhAya che. te cinura nAmanA zaheranuM sthAna ane Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat cinura zahera killA yukta sthAna hAI te hajI tenI zakayatA rAjanagara tarIke lekhI zakAya tema che. paraMtu tene samarthana ApanArI anya hakIkata jyAM sudhI maLI Ave nahIM tyAMsudhI tenuM sthAna zayatAnI kakSAthI AgaLa lai javAya tema nathI. bAkI killAne yusamaye vyuharacanAnA eka--sthAna tarIke lekhAvatAM tene hakka jarUra gaNAvI zakAze. banavA joga che ke I. sa. pU. 57mAM atipati evA zakaprajAnA je saradArane zakAra vikramAditye parAjaya (jIe pu. 4 mAM tenA vRttAMte ) pamADayA hatA tathA jeNe, A vikramAdityane yuddhamAM madada karI peAtAne harAvavAmAM mukhya phALe teMdhAvanAra AMdhrapati (jIe ariSTakanA vRttAMte)nI pUruM pakaDI hatI ane jeNe jaMgalAcchAdita pradezamAM sAmanA karyA hatA paraMtu peAtAnuM maraNa thayuM hatuM tenI sAthenAM yuddhanuM sthAna A cinurakillA 3 AsapAsanuM caMdrAnuM sthAna, nadIonA saraMgama upara che; paraMtu kharI vastusthiti zodhakheALane aMge jyAMsudhI kaLAi na heAya tyAM sudhI, ekabIjA sthAnane rAjapATa tarIke gaNI levAnI zacatAne lIdhe ja A pramANe banyuM dekhAya che. (8) uparanI TIkA na', ' tathA * vAMce. ane sthA namAM jaina, vaina, (painagaMgA, vainagaMgA) temaja jaina ane vainathI yukta banelI purahita, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturtha pariccheda ] rAya. zakAri vikramAdityanI kumake janAra AMdhrapati ariSTakarNanI AMka saMkhyA lagabhaga seALamI che. AMdhrapati ceAthAthI mAMDIne seALa sudhInA rAjya amale I. sa. pU. 375 thI I. sa. pU. 37 sudhInA traNaseA varSImAM uttarAttara dezavRddhi vadhatI ja cAlI hatI. alabatta, vacce ceDAMka varSa jyAre kSaharATa bhramaka ane nahapANunA amala cAlatA hatA tyAre-AMdhrapatione potAnA rAjapATanuM sthAna, peMThapradeza--dakSiNa hiMdanA pazcima bhAga cheDI daIne, pUrva bhAgamAM haThI javuM paDayuM hatuM. A ceADAM varSanA samaya bAda karatAM, dakSiNa hiMdanA sarve uttarapradezamAM AMdhrapationuM jora ja jAmI paDayuM hatuM. eTale peAtAnA rAjyapradezamAMnA cinurakillA jevA surakSita sthaLe te duzmanane haMkAvavAne sAmanA kare te khanavA yAgya ja che. kahevAnuM tAtpa e thAya che ke, cinuranA kille te rAjagAdInuM sthAna saMbhavatuM nathI paraMtu lazkarI najare eka upayAgI keMdraja saMbhave che. jema cinuranuM samajAya che tema jIntaranuM sthAna paNa te ja prakAranuM lAge che. vizeSamAM kadAca banavA yeAgya che ke te rAjapATa thavAne bhAgyavaMta banyuM paNa hAya. kemake, i. sa. pU. 114nI AsapAsa, avaMtipati nahapANa, tenA jAmAtra rUSabhadeva tathA mahAmaMtrI ayame, te samayanA AMdhrapati sAthe vAraMvAra yuddha kheDI te pradezanA kabajo meLavavAne tanatA mathAmaNu karI hatI ema zilAlekhI sAbitI maLe che. paraMtu paiThe ane jInnera ubhayanI nikaTatAnA jyAre vicAra karIe chIe tyAre evA vicAra upara avAya che ke, jo rAjanagara tarIke jInnUranA svIkAra thayA hAya tA, jema yuddhamAM zikasta pAmatA eka pakSa pAA hatA haThatA potAnA sthAna tarIke, najIkanuM surakSita sthAna rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize (9) rANIzrI khaLazrIe peAte kAtarAvela zilAlekhamAM, peAtAnA kULane lAgela lIMka teNInA putre dhAi nAMkhyAnuM jaNAvyuM che te A huThI javAnA prasaMgane manAvAyA che. (10) C. A. I by Cunningham pp. 108:So far as my experience goes, all the coins of Andhras are found in Eastern India, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 71 pasaMda karI lye che tema, te samayanA AMdhrapatie, A kSaharATa prajAnA saradArA sAthenA cha varSanA yuddha daramyAna ( jue pu. 3. nahapAnuM vRttAMta jenA zilAlekhAmAM 40-41 ane 46 nA AM mAlUma paDayA che ) A pradezamAMnA bhinna bhinna sthAne Azraya lIdhA hAya. tathA AvAM kAraNane lIdhe ja vijetA pakSeAne yuddhanI jItanA smAraka tarIke jIngera, kanherI cheM. sthaLeAnA zilAlekha ubhA karAvavAnA prasaMgA sAMpaDayA hoya ema dhArI zakAya. vizeSa adhyayanathI ema samajAyuM che ke, jInnera ane tenI AsapAsanA pradeza jItavA mATe napANanA samaye AMdhrapatie sAthe je yuddha khelAyAM che, te rAjapATanuM sthAna prApta karavA ke tevAM anya rAjakIya kAraNasara naheAtAM ja; kemake (1) te samaye jamIna meLavavAnA lAbha eTalA badhA pramANamAM ke raNasaMgrAma karI manuSyasaMhAra vALavA mATe upayukta thayA nahAtA (2) vaLI te pradezamAM AMdhrapatienuM rAjapATa naheAtuM. teTalA mATe mAnavuM rahe che ke tyAMthI tene khaseDIne kayAranuMe pUrvabhAgamAM, kRSNA urphe ennA nadInA, kaTaka eTale pANIthI vartulAkAre dherAi jatA evA, ennAkadraka pradezamAM laI javAmAM AvyuM hatuM. nahapANunI laDAInA samaya I. sa. pU. 114nA arasAne che jyAre khennAkaTaka pradezamAM rAjadhAnI tA gaiAtamIputra yajJazrI zAtakarINunA ja samaye ke tenA ane rANInAganikAnA putra mallikazrI sAtakaraNanA samaye eTale ke i. sa. pU. 414 thI 360 sudhInA arasAmAM laI javAmAM AvI che. te pradezamAMthI te rAjAnA sikkAmA. paNa maLI Ave che, jo A pramANe ja sthiti haiAya te| AMdhrapati sAthenA nahupAhunA yuddhone rAjakIya svarUpa ApI zakAya nahIM. temaja round about Amravati, while all the "Bow and Arrow" coins come from Western India mArA anubhava ema kahe che ke, AMdhavI simAe pU hiMdamAM amarAvatInI AsapAsathI maLI AvyA che jayAre tIrakAmaThAMvALA sa`sikA pazcima hiMdamAMthI maLI AvyA che: A kathanathI nIcenI hakIkatA sAkhita thai jAya che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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72 ] rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize [ aSTama khaDa rANIzrI baLazrIe zilAlekhamAM kotarAvela pitAnA gAma AveluM che tyAMthI-AgaLa, prAcIna samaye kuLane lAgela kalaMkane tenA putra gautamIputra zAtakaraNi vANijayamAM moTuM dhIkatuM eka baMdara AveluM hatuM. kRSNa e dhoI nAMkhyAnA prasaMgane je rAjakIya raMge raMgyo che nadInuM bIjuM nAma veNu-bennA che, ane tenA taTa te paNa vAstavika nathI. ( sarakhA paMcama paricchede pradezamAM A nagara AveluM hovAthI tenuM nAma zilAlekha naM. 14 nI hakIkata). paraMtu jema samrATa bennAtaTanagara paDayuM hatuM. temaja tenI AsapAsanA priyadarzine pote dhArmika kAraNasara zilAlekho kotarA- pradeza A bennAnadInA jaLathI saMtoSAtA rahe te heI vyAnuM puravAra thaI gayuM che, temaja cadRguvaMzI kSatrape te bhUmine bennATakanA nAme oLakhavAmAM AvatI je pramANe jasadaNa, muLavAsara ane junAgaDha mukAme hatI; vaLI tyAMnI jamIna ati phaLadru5 heIna dhana, (jIo paricchede chaThThA zilAlekha naM. 38 thI 42 ) dhAnyanA bhaMDArarUpa hevAthI tene dhAka-dhAnyaTakano svadharmanAM tIrthasthaLe pratye premabhAva batAvI tyAM pradeza paNa kahevAmAM Avato hato. uparAMta A dhAnya dhArmika kAryo karyAnA ullekha karatA gayA che. tema kaTakanA pradezamAMthI atyAre khodakAma karatAM je maTha priyadarzina ane rUdradAmananA samayanI madhya gALe thayelA -vihAra ane cetyonAM avazeSo maLI AvatAM rahyAM evA AMdhrapati ane nahapANaccenAM yuddhanA kAraNamAM che te uparathI te sthAna upara prAcIna samaye koI paNa rAjakArI karatAM dhArmika kAraNa havAnI gaMdha mATInagarI AvI rahI hovI joIe tenI khAtrI hovAnuM vizeSa manAya che je AgaLanA paMcama paNa maLatI jAya che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke, paricchede zilAlekha naM. 13nA varNanathI ane tenI khodakAmathI maLelA avazeSo paNa ApaNuM anumAnane TIkAomAM Apela spaSTikaraNathI sAbita thaI jAya samarthana ApatAM jaNAya che. magadhapati biMbisAra che. matalaba ke, temanA te samayanA yuddhamAM rAjakIya pote gAdIe Avyo te purve benAtaTanagaramAM ja hata nahAtA; tethI rAjapATa cheDavuM 5DayAne ane be traNa varSe (I. sa. pU. 582-3) kumArAvasthAmAM kalaMka lAgyAnI hakIkatane saMbaMdha nathI; teja pramANe AvIne rahyo hato. temaja kaliMgapati samrATa khAravele janeraupara rAjanagaranA sthAna tarIke kaI samaye pitAnA rAjyakAle 13 mA va=(I. sa. pU.416) pasaMdagI utarI paDI hoya ema paNa mAnavAne mahAvijaya12 nAme prAsAda 35 lAkhane dravya kharca kAraNa nathI. karIne baMdhAvyo hato (juo. 5, 4 mAM tenuM vRttAMta). nirdiSTa karela cha sthAnamAMthI bAkI rahetA varaMguLa te uparathI phalita thAya che ke I.sa.pUnI chaThThI ane pAMcamI ane amarAvatIne have vicAra karIe-pu. 1 mAM 11 sadImAM benAtaTanagara tenI jAherajalAlInI parikASTA ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke jyAM kRSNanadI bhogavI rahyuM hatuM. tema AMdhrapatiene-bIjAthI sALamAM baMgALa upasAgarane maLe che tyAM tenA mukhathI-lagabhaga sudhIno samaya I. sa. pU. 415 thI I. sa. pU.50 25 mAIla upara ane jyAM hAla bejhavADa nAmanuM sadhIne seMdhAyo che. vaLI khAravelanA rAjyane aMta (1) amarAvatI zahera pUrvahiMmAM AvyuM che, nahIM ke AsapAsanA pradezamAM thayuM hatuM. madhyaprAMtamAM ke varADamAM. vizeSa hakIkta mATe Aja pArigrAphe AgaLa jue. (2) AMdhruvaMzanA Adi purUSa ke jeNe tIrakAmaThAnuM cinha (11) jue majakura pustaka pR. 162 tathA TIkA naM. 37, vAparyuM che tenuM rAjya kevaLa pAzcama hiMdamAMja maryAdita (12) ke. . ra.mAM ApeluM 45 zilAlekhanuM varNana thaI rahyuM hatuM. ApaNe paricada pAMcamAmAM utAryuM che te vAMce eTale khAtrI (3) AdipurUSanA pachInA rAjAoe te cihano tyAga thaze-vasiSThIputra svAmi zrI pulamAvI records a gift karyo hato ane temanA sikkAo pUrvahiMdamAMthI sadhaLA to the Amravati Tope (line 2: mahAtya = the maLI Ave che eTale temanuM rAjapATa amarAvatI nagaranI great chaitya).

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caturtha pariccheda ] I. sa. pU. 392mAM ane tenA vaMzanA aMta I. sa. pU. 360 AsapAsamAM AvyA che. tethI mAnavAne kAraNa maLe che ke te enI vaccenA 30-32 varSanA gALAmAM ja te pradeza upara mAryavazI samrATeAnI sattA sthapAI hatI. paraMtu jyAre samrATa biMdusAranA rAjyakALe I. sa. pUrve 347 nI AsapAsa aLavA jagAvIne dakSiNahiMdanI aneka sattAe svataMtra thaI kheThI hatI te arasAmAM dakSiNanA AMdhrapatioe peAtAnA rAjyanA vistAra ati vipulapaNe vistArI mUkayA hatA ane AvaDA meATA vistAravata sAmrAjya upara hakumata bhAgavavAne TheTha pazcimanA bhAgamAM--paiDamAM-- rAjagAdI rAkhavA karatAM, pUnA bhAgamAM tevuM ja krAi jabaradasta mADhuM, vepAramAM AgaLa paDatuM, khIlatuM ane sarvAM prakAranI anukULatAvALuM nagara maLI AvatuM heAya te tyAM rAjagAdI pheravI nAMkhe, athavA teA varSane amuka kALa tyAM beThaka rAkhe te te taddana yogya kahevAya. eTale sAbita thAya che ke, AMdhrapationI rAjadhAnI tarIke amarAvatInuM je nAma levAyuM che te varADa prAMtamAM AveluM vartamAna amarAvatI nahI13 paNa ejhavADA najIka je amarAvatI14 nAmanuM gAmaDuM AveluM che te ane tenI AsapAsane pradeza, je prAcIna samaye ennAkaMTaka ( varNana mATe pu. 1, pR. 150-62 juo) kahevAtA tathA jenuM mukhya zahera ennAtaTanagara hatuM te pradeza gaNAtA hatA. vaLI A pradezamAMthI aneka AMdhrapationA sikkAo maLI Ave che te hakIkatathI pazu ApaNA A varNanane pramANika TakA maLatA rahe che ema nirvivAditapaNe kahI zakAze. mi. vI. esa. khakhale nAmanA vidvAne ja. e. bre.... rA. e. sA. sana 1928 ( navI AvRtti) pu. 3mAM zatavahana vaMzanI hakIkatane lagatA lagabhaga 50 pRSThanA eka moTA lekha lakhyA che. temAM temaNe cha. je. Duprevila nAmanA vidvAne lakhela enzanTa hisTarI opha dhI Dekkana nAme pustakanA rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize (13) upara TIkA naM. 10mAM TAMkeluM sara kaniMgahAmanuM kAInsa epha inDiyAnA pR. 108vALuM vAca jue. 10 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 73 mata TAMkI batAvyA che ke G. J. Dubrevil remarks in his Ancient History of the Deccan. "When the Kshaharatas occupied North Deccan, the capital of the Satavahanas was probably Amaravati on the lower course of the Krishna=kSaharATAe jyAre dakSiNa hiMdane uttara bhAga jItI lIdhA hatA tyAre zatavahanavaMzI rAjAnI rAjagAdI, seAvasA kRSNA nadInA mukha pAse AvelI amarAvatI nagarI hatI". eTale ke mI. vIlanA mata pramANe nahapANu harATe ane tenA jamAI rUSabhadatta tathA mahAamAtya ayame jJatavahana vaMzIone harAvyA hatA te mAda, A zatavahana rAjAonuM rAjapATa amarAvatI nagare laI javAmAM AvyuM hatuM. ane A amarAvatInuM sthAna kRSNA (ennA) nadInA mukhanI lagabhaga AveluM che. DhaoN. bhAu dAjI (ja. khAM. cheM. rA. e. sA. pu. 8, pR. 239) jaNAve che ke, Padumavi is called Naravara-swami (a new king) & he has also the title of the swami_of Bennakataka...Bennakataka is I (Dr. Daji) believe identical with Warrangul, the capital of the Teligana or Andhra padumAvIne naravara-svAmI ( naveza bhUpati ) tarIke oLakhAvAya che. vaLI tene ennAkaTakanA svAminuM birUda paNa maLela chemArI (DaoN. dAjI) dhAraNA pramANe telIMgaNu athavA AMdhranI rAjadhAnI vara'gula (je kahevAya che) te ja ennAkaTaka che. vaLI janarala kaniMgahAma peAtAnA kAinsa ek inDiyA nAme pustakamAM pR. 108 upara lakhe che ke All the coins of Andhras are found in Eastern India round about Amravati while all the Bow and Arrow coins = (14) jue nIcenA pArigrApha tathA uparanI TIkA na. 12 sarakhAvA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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- --- [74] rAjAonI oLakhamAM paDatI muzkelIo vize [ aSTama khaMDa come from Western India=IdhapationA bAda, teone haDI jaI tuMgabhadrAnadInI AsapAsa sarva sikkAo pUrvahiMdamAM amarAvatInI AsapAsa- vasavAnI jarUra paDI hatI. te samaye tyAM rAjagAdInI mAMthI ja maLI Ave che jyAre tIra ane kAmaThAvALA sthApanA karavI paDI hatI. saghaLA sikAo pazcima hiMdamAMthI maLI Ave che." AkhI carcAne sAra e thayo ke, AMdhrapatinA AmAMnA bIja zabdo upara TIkA karavAno avakAza lagabhaga 700 varSa jeTalA dIrdha rAja amalamAM, gAdInAM nathI. paraMtu eTaluM sApha jaNAya che ke amarAvatI sthAna tarIke mukhyapaNe traNa sthAne ja hisso purAvyA nagara hiMdanA pUrva bhAgamAM AvyuM che ane tyAM che. zarUAtamAM piTha (paiThaNa), te bAda varaMgula-amaAgaLathI AMdhapationA sikkA maLI Ave che rAvatI, ane chevaTe vijayanagara; temAM paiTha ane amarAeTale A nagara temanA rAjaamalamAM mahattvane vatIe sAmrAjyanI jAhejalAlInA palaTA pramANe bhAga bhajavI rahyuM hatuM. rAjapATanuM svarUpa paNa badalAvyA karyuM haze tevuM samajAya A kathanathI amarAvatInA sthAne saMbaMdhI ApaNI che, jyAre vijyanagare te mAtra AthamatI dazAmAM ja mAnyatAne samarthana maLatuM kahI zakAze. paraMtu te pitAnuM jIvana pUruM karyuM lAge che. keTalo kALa sudhI rAjanagara tarIke TakI rahevA pAmyuM bhAratIya itihAsanA paTa para aneka rAjavaMzIo hatuM tenA samaya paratveno ja taphAvata che. temanA mata thaI gayA che. paraMtu A satavahanavaMzIomAMne kayA pramANe nahapAnA samaya bAda eTale I. sa. pU. sajA keTalAmo haze ane tene 114nA arasAmAM amarAvatI nagare rAjagAdI laI rAjAonI oLa- ane bIjAne zo saMbaMdha haze te jevAmAM AvI hatI jyAre ApaNuM mane mahAnaMdanA khamAM paDatI zedhI kADhavuM jeTaluM muzkela banI samaye I. sa. pU. 415nA arasAmAM ke chevaTe samrATa mukelI rahyuM che teTaluM koI anyavaMzI biMdusAranA rAjya amale I. sa. pU. 347nI vize rAjAonA saMbaMdhamAM banyuM nathI. AsapAsanA samayathI temanI gAdI A sthAne tenAM be traNa mukhya kAraNa che. AvyAnuM samajAyuM che. A be mAnyatAmAM kaI eka te A rAjAoe je zilAlekho kotarAvyA vizeSa vajanadAra che te viSaya atyAre asthAne che. che ke sikAo banAvarAvyA che temAM sarvee pitAnuM paraMtu AgaLa upara, AMdhrapatienuM vRttAMta lakhatI vyaktiyukta nAma ja Apela nathI. jyAM juo tyAM, vakhate tenI carcA jarUra karavAmAM Avaze. potAnI janetAnA gotranI ja mAtra oLakha ApIne ' have savAla e rahe che ke, varasula rAjanagara ane baha te te sAthe pitAnA vazanI oLakha je hatuM ke amarAvatI urphe bennAtaTanagara rAjapATa hatuM. satavahana ke zAtakaraNi tarIke nedhAI che te zabdanA banAM sthAna jotAM banne te kArya mATe lAyaka che. nAmano ullekha karI batAvIne ApI che; jemake varaMgulanI tarapheNa ke virUddha janArI koI dalIla ke gautamIputra yajJazrI, vaziSThaputra yajJazrI, I. I. athavA * purAvA amArI pAse nathI eTale te bAbatamAM vizeSa tethI vizeSa oLakha kayAMka apAI heya te gautamIputra bolavA jevuM rahetuM nathI. yajJazrI zAtakaraNI; jyAre raDavyAkhaDavA ekAda be | vijayanagara bAbatamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, AMdha kissAmAM teoe potAnI oLakha ApavA mATe kaIka sAmrAjyanI jyArathI paDatI AvavA mAMDI hatI-- prakAranuM upanAma ke birUda joDI batAvyuM che, jemake eTale ke avaMtipati caNa ane tenA pautra rUdradAmane viviyakarasa ane pulumAvI sAtakaraNi. paraMtu A AMdhrapatio pAsethI dakSiNane ghaNe bhAga chatI vAcakavRMda samajI zakaze ke, 35-40 jeTalAM purUSa lIdhe hatA tyArathI, eTale ke te vaMzanA sattAvIzamAM AvAM sAmAnya vizeSaNo ke zabdo vaDe ekabIjAthI nRpati pulomAvI trIjAnA samayathI ane I. sa. 143 nizcayapaNe pArakhI kADhavA atikaThina kArya che. A Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rAjAonI oLakhamAM paDatI muzkelIo vize caturtha pariccheda ] pramANenI oLakhaprathAmAM, muzkelInuM eka mukhya kAraNa che. khIjAM kAraNu, temanA samasamayI je anya vyaktie anya pradeza upara rAjakartA heAvAnuM jaNAvAyuM che temanA samaya paratve kAMI nizcita cai zakAyuM nathI; te che, jemake nahapALu, rUSabhadeva vageree je jJAtakaraNI sAthe yuddha khelyAM che temanA samayane mAMka 40 thI 46 mAtra jaNAvAyeA che. paraMtu te kayA saMvata che tenuM dheAraNa nakkI karAyuM nathI. kalpanAthI gADhavI lIdhuM che ke te zakanA saMvata haze jethI tene I. sa. 78+4=i. sa. 118 nA arasAnA gaNI kADhayA che. jyAre kharI rIte tene samaya (jIe pru. 3 mAM nahapANunuM vRttAMta) I. sa. pU. 114 che eTale ke, kalpanAthI gAThavela samaya karatAM lagabhaga savAmase aDhIso varSa pUrvenA che. te ja pramANe caNu ane khAravelanA samaya paratve banyuM che. caNu sAthe joDAyala AMka 42-5ra ane tenA pautra rUdradAmana sAthenA AMka 7ra che. tene paNu zaka saMvata mAnI laI 78+42=I. sa. 120 nA kALa hAvAnI gaNatrI karAvAI che, jyAre kharI rIte tenA samaya 103+42= i. sa. 145 te che (jIe pu. 4). tevI ja rIte khAravelanI bAbatamAM paNu banavA pAmyuM che. te tA bRhaspatimitra ane rAjA zrImukhanA samakAlIna heAvA chatAM, A bRhaspatimitranI oLakhane kAMya patto na lAgavAthI, bRhaspati te puSyanakSatranuM khIjuM nAma che, mATe bRhaspatimitra te pumitra che ema TharAvI, zuMgavaMzI puSyamitrane samaya je I.sa. pU. 180 AsapAsanA che, te A khAravelanA ane zrImukhatA TharAvAyA che. paraMtu A kalpanA keTale darajje bhramaNAjanaka che te pumitra (jIe? pu. 3) ane khAravelanAM vRttAMte (jue pR. 4) ApaNe sAbita karI batAvyuM che. matalaba ke khAravelanA samaya I. sa. pU. 4ra9nA che. A uparathI jaNAze ke tenA samayanI khAkhatamAM pazu lagabhaga aDhIsA vanI bhUla karavAmAM AvI che. A pramANe muzkelInuM bIjuM kAraNu thayuM. tyAre trIjAM kAraNu zilAlekhAnA ukelamAM thatI galatInuM che. A kAraNa svabhAvika che. paraMtu keTalIka vakhata teA uDDala Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 75 lagabhaga kharAkhara heAvA chatAM, tenuM joDANu karavAmAM AgaLa pAchaLanA saMbaMdha vicArAyA vinA ja cekaDuM esArI devAyuM hoya che. jemake hradAmane peAtAnI putrIne sAtakaraNI rAjAne paraNAvI hatI. A vAta kevI rIte mULamAM pAyA vinAnI ja hAIne hAsyAspada banI rahela che te ApaNe pu. 4 pR. 212-13 mAM samajAvI gayA chIe tathA pariccheda SamAM lekha naM. 17 mAM samAvAze eTale vizeSa vivecananI atra jarUra rahetI nathI. upara pramANe mukhya lekhI zakAya tevAM traNa kAraNeAmAMnuM ekAda, teA te vaMzanA rAjAoe ja pUrepUruM spaSTIkaraNa karI batAveluM nahIM haiAvAne pariNAme banavA pAmyuM che, jyAre bIjAM che, nyUnAdhikapaNe saMzeAdhana karatAM ApaNe batAvelI utAvaLane lIdhe temaja vaidika ane aiAddha sAhityane ja AdhAra laine ApaNe AgaLa vadhye gayA chIe paraMtu te samayanuM trIjAM sAhitya--jaina hatuM tenI kevaLa avagaNanA ja karI rahyA chIe tene lIdhe banavA pAmyAM che. A kaMcananI satyatA te rAjAnAM siAcitro uparathI ApaNane maLI Ave che. jemake vAtazrI zAtakaraNI, vilivayapura zAtakaraNI, mADharIputra zAtakaraNI, cUTakInaMda ane mULAnaMda I. nA sikkAo jotAMveMta temane prAcIna samayanA hovAnuM dekhAya che chatAM kalpI kADhela samayanI gaNatrI sAthe meLavavA jatAM te sa` asa~gata jaNAyuM che. paraMtu jaina sAhityanI madada levAthI ame tA kevaLa itihAsakAra ane lekhaka tarIkenI niSpakSa vRttithI ja kAma lIdhe gayA chIe, chatAM pUrva khA vicArAnA abhyAsIone peAtAnA pUrvagraha hovAne badale temAM jainadharma pratye amArUM pakSapAtapaNuM dekhAyuM che. je sthiti sAbita thAya te kharI amane te mATe aphsosa ke dilagIrI upajatI nathI. amAre te krUraja ja majAvye javAnI che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che OM jyAre sarve kathanane cAre taraphathI vicArI jotAM je amuka anumAna upara atyAre. avAya che te bhale atyAranI sthitimAM anumAna rUpe ja gaNAtA rahe chatAM phALa gaye te nizcayarUpe ane kharI hakIkata www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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mAtRgAtranI oLakhathI maLelI sahAya 76 ] rUpe ja TakI raheze ema amArUM aMtaHkaraNa kahe che. uparanA pArigrAphamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, zAtakaraNI rAjAee peAtAne mukhyapaNe mAtRgAtrathI eLakhAvela hAvAthI temane ekabIjAthI bhAgAtranI e- tAravI kADhavAmAM ApaNane ghaNI LakhathI maLelI muzkelI anubhavavI paDe sahAya chatAM temAMthI jo amuka siddhAMta upajAvI kaDhAya ane te siddhAMtane AzrayIne kAma levAmAM Ave teA, mAtRgeAtranI eALakha paNa keTaleka aMze ApaNane ApaNA kAryamAM madadarUpa nIvaDI zake ema dekhAi AvyA vinA rahetuM nathI. atra te kevI rIte banavA pAmyuM che te hakIkata, jyAre gAtranA prazna upasthita thayA che tyAre sAthe sAthe atyAre, vicArI laI e. [ ma khaMDa nAganikA pAsethI teNInA sagIra putra taraphathI jyAre te rAja calAvI rahI hatI tyAre-rAjya khUMcavI laine pote gAdIti banI beThA hatA, A hakIkatathI spaSTa thayuM ke, yajJazrI jyAre gItamIputra che tyAre teneA pitA jenuM nAma rAjA zrImukha che te tathA tene kAkA ane che.zrImukhanA bhAi rAjAzrIkRSNu, gaiAtamIputra na ja hAI zake. temaja rANI nAganikAnA putra vasatazrI paNa gAtamIputra na ja hAI zake, ane A rAjA zrIkRSNa tathA vAtazrI peAtAne ( jue temanA sikkA pu. 2) vasiSThaputra tarIke jaNAve che. eTale ApaNA siddhAMtane anusarIne te vAjabI Thare che. A ja niyamAnusAra nikaTasamayI gautamIputrAnA ane vasiSThaputrAnA sagapaNa saMbaMdha joDI kADhavAmAM ApaNe phaLIbhUta thaI zakIe evI AzA udbhave che. ane kahetAM khuzI upaje che ke te pramANe vartavAthI aneka ThekANe gUcanA nikAla karI zakAya paNa che ja. tenAM dRSTAMtAmAM naM. 16, 17 tathA 18 rAjAonA, temaja naM. 24 ane 26mA rAjAonA paraspara saMbaMdha ane temanA rAjyAnuzAsananA anukrama gAThavavAmAM thaI paDela anukULatA kahI zakAze. jema vartamAnakALe banatuM Ave che tema prAcIna samaye paNa e niyama paLAte hatA ema spaSTa thAya che, ke eka purUSa peAtAnA gAtranI kanyA sAthe lagnagranthIthI joDAtA nahIM. eTale ke visagAtrI purUSa hAya te vasiSageAtrI kanyAne paraNatA nahIM; jethI te rANInA peTe thayela saMtAna pAtAne vasiSThaputra kahI na ja zake. matalaba e thaI ke pitA ane putra jo pAtAne mAtRgAtranI eLakha ApIne saMkheAdhavA icchatA hAya te| te banne mATebhAge eka ja gAtra saMbhavI na zake. eTale ke jo pitA vasiSThaputra hAya tA tene putra banatAM sudhI vasiSThaputra sivAyanA ja hAi zake, pachI bhale te gaiAtamIputra hAya ke mADharIputra hAya tenA bAdha AvI zakatA nathI. A eka siddhAMta thayA. A siddhAtane lakSamAM rAkhIne keTalIye sthitine ukela15 lAvI zakAyA che. jemake,--ema kahevAyuM che ke (paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 1nuM varNana) rANI nAganikAne pati gautamIputra yajJazrI hatA ane A gautamIputra manuzrInA kAkAnuM nAma kRSNa hatuM ke jeNe rANI (15) pu. 2 pR. 12 TIkA na, 43 mAM buddha bhagavAna gautamabuddha zAmATe kahevAmAM AvyA che tene lagatA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat dhArmika krAMti uparamAM joI gayA chIe ke, A vazanA sthApaka rAjA zrImukha, te magadhapati naMdakhIjAnI zUdrANI peTe janmela putra hatA. parantu rAjadvArI kAraNasara teneA magadhapati thavAnA hakka chInavI levAtAM rUsaNA laI te potAnA nAnAbhAI ne laine dakSiNa tarapha cAlI nIkaLyeA hatA. navaMzI rAjAe jainamatAnuyAyI hatA eTale A zrImukha paNa te ja dharma pALatA hoya ema mAnI levAmAM kAMi ayukta kahevAze nahi. vaLI tenA sikkAcihna uparathI sAbita thAya che ke te jainadharma ja pALatA hatA. A pramANe eka sthiti thaI. vaLI paiArANika graMthAnA AdhAre jANavAmAM Ave che ke, A vaMzanA amuka rAjAonA (jue prazna carcAvAmAM AvyA che tenI sarakhAmaNI karI. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturtha pariccheda ] naM. chanuM vRttAMta) samaye, jyAre mahAbhASyakAra pataMjalI mahAzaya thayA hatA tyAre teo vaidika matAnuyAyI thayA hatA; temaja khIjI hakIkata ema paNa jAhera thaI che ke, uparanA banAva banyA pachI keTaleka kALe A zatavahanavaMzamAM eka rAjA thayA hatA ke jeNe vaidika dharma aMgIkAra karI, zakazAlivAhana nAmaneA saMvata pravartAvavA mAMDayA hatA, A hakIkata jo yathArtha hAya tA--jo ke A rAjAnA sikkA je je prakAzamAM AvyA che tathA temane ukela je prakAre karI zakAyA che, ke karI zakIe chIe te jotAM, tene puSTi maLatI heAya evuM dekhAtuM nathI chatAM paurANika graMthAmAM varNavAyalI aneka aitihAsika binAe satya hAvAnuM ApaNe vAraMvAra jotA ane puravAra karatA AvyA chIe, te sthiti lakSamAM letAM, A dharma palaTAnI hakIkatane paNa satya na heAvAnuM mAnavAne kAraNa nathI. eTale--jarUra mAnavuM ja rahe che ke, A rAjAe e potAnA bApIkA dharma jaina saMpradAyanA hatA temAM e vakhata palaTA karyAM hatA. eka pataMjalI bhagavAnanA samaye ane khIjo zakapravartaka rAjA zAlivAhananA samaye; atra ApaNe have e tapAsavuM rahe che ke, A pramANe sthiti krama thavA pAmI hatI. dhArmika krAMti maLI AvatA sikkAonA AdhAre AMdhrabhRtyA krANu ane svataMtrapaNe vartatA AMdhrapati kANu te darzAvanArA je kAThA ApaNe pR. 66 upara joDayA che tethI joI zakIe chIe ke, prathamanA sAta rAjAomAMthI, pahelA, khIjo, ane pAMcamA-e traNa rAjA peAtAnA AkhAye rAjaamala daramiyAna taddana svataMtra ja hatA jyAre bAkInA cAra-trIjo, cothA, chaThTho ane sAtamA--theADA vakhata svataMtra ane thADA vakhata mAMDaLikapaNe rahyA che; ane je mAMDaLikapaNuM temane zire cAMTayuM che te paNa magadhapati naMdavaMzIAnuM ane mauryavaMzIonuM. A banne vaMzanA samrATa pazu jainarmija hatA, eTale mAMDaLikAne peAtAnA sArvabhaumarAjAnA dharma svIkAravA paDatA hatA athavA svIkAravA paDe tevA niyama kabUla rAkhIe teA paNu teone svIkRta dharmanA palaTA karavAnI jarUra paDI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 77 A nahi hatI e puravAra thaI jAya che. matalaba e thaI ke, prathamanA sAte rAjA jainadharmonuyAyI ja hatA eTale sAtamA rAjAnA samaye jyAre bhagavAna pataMjalIne udaya thayA che tyAre ja teNe dharmaneA palaTA karyA hatA ema mAnI levuM rahe che. te mATe nIce pramANe saMyeAgA vartatA haiAvAnuM kalpI zakAya che. A sAtamA AMdhrapatinA jIvana vRtAMtathI (jIe AgaLa upara) sAkhIta thAya che ke te ati vicikSaNa svabhAvane ane mahatvAkAMkSA dharAvatA rAjavI hatA. vaLI bahu ja nAnI vaye gAdI prApta thavAthI lagabhaga 55-56 varSa paryaMta rAjya bhAgavavA te bhAgyazALI thayA che. A vaccenA gALAmAM, tenI juvAnInA kALa, ke je vakhate manuSyane sAmAnyapaNe unmAdanuM dhena caDI Ave che tevA gaddhApacIsInA samaya, tene magadhapati samrATa priyadarzinanA mAMDaLikapaNAmAM gALavA paDayA hatA. samrATa priyadarzine ubhA karAvela zilAlekhAthI suvidita thAya che ke, potAnI hakumatanA sarva pradezanI ane anuSkAnA krAi raiyata, svadharmanAM vidhividhA paNa jAtanA aMtarAya vinA pALatI rahe tenI khAsa kALajI teNe batAvyA karI che; eTaluM ja niha, paraMtu je kAI dharmapalaTA karI potAnA jainadharmamAM AvavA tatpara hAya tene Aste Aste te dharmamAM dRDha karavAne, prayatna AdarI dharmasahiSNutA paNa batAvI che. eTale priyadarzinanuM maraNa thatAM sudhI--A samaye sAtamA AMdhrapatine gAdIe AvyAM 45 varSa vItI gayAM hatAM, tyAMsudhI zAtakaraNI rAjAne dharma saMbaMdhamAM UMcA nIcA thavAne kAMi kAraNa maLyuM nahetuM. parantu tenI sAhasika vRttine lIdhe, manamAM evA vicAra AvyA karatA hatA ke, zuM mahArAjA priyadarzina prajAvAtsalya tAvI dharmasaMhaSNutAthI kAma laIne sarva prajAne peAtAnA dharmamAM laI zake che, te sivAya prajAne raMjIta karavAnA anya rastA nahIM ja hoya ? temaja zuM A ekalA jainadharmamAM ja tevI zakti bharelI che ane khIjA dharmamAM tevuM kAMi nahi hoya? A pramANenA vicArA tenA manamAM dheALAyA karatA hatA. A samaye samasta bhAratavarSamAM e ja dharmanA pracAra www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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- - --- - - -- - - 78 ] dhArmika kAMti [ aSTama khaMDa. thaI rahyA hatA, eka jaina ane bIjo vaidika. trIje na thAya tyAM sudhI vicArI rAkhelA aneka prayatna vize bauddhadharma hato kharo, parantu tenA anuyAyI bahu niSphaLatAnAM vAdaLo paNa caDI Ave. A arasAmAM juja hatA, kemake samrATa biMdusAranA samaya sudhI mahArAja priyadarzinanuM maraNa nIpajayuM (I. sa. pU. rAjadharma jaina hatA. paNa tenI pAchaLa azokavardhana 236) ane AMdhrapati zAtakaraNIne sarva daravAjA mokaLA gAdIe AvatAM, teNe bApIke dharma badalIne bauddha thayo. teNe pataMjalI mahAzayane rAjapurohitapade sthApI dharma aMgIkAra karyo hato, eTale tenA rAja amala dIdhA ane temanI sahAyathI vaidikamatane pracAra daramyAna ja mAtra bauddhadharmano pracAra ThIkaThIka thavA pAmya dakSiNa hiMdamA-pitAnI ramatamAM ekadama karavA mAMDaze. hatA. paraMtu tenA maraNa bAda priyadarzine gAdIe sAthe sAthe te dharmanAM anuSThAnane paNa rAjadarabAramAM besIne pAchA potAnA vaMzaparaMparAnA jainadharmanI baDI dhAmadhUmathI karAvavA lAgyo. temanuM prathama kArya eTalI to moTA pramANamAM udghoSaNA gajAvI mukI azvameghayajJa karavAnuM hatuM ke jethI dezaparadezamAM hatI ke, bAhamata te zuM, paNa prAcIna samayathI cAlyo. potAnI kIrti prasare temaja pote cakravartI je prabaLa Avate vaidikamata 5Nu ekavAra te zUnyavata17 pratApI che tenI uddaghoSaNuM paNa thaI jAya. AthI banI gayo hato. temAM paNa bauddhamatane, rANI karIne azvamedhayA ke jemAM aneka pazuonAM jIvananAM tiSyarakSitAnA luSita ane kalaMkita jIvanathI je balidAna devAya che tevI prANIhiMsA, je I. sa. pU. phaTako paDayo hato te prajAnA manamAM tAje ramI 600nA sikAmAM brAhmaNapaDitA sakaLI hadamAM sarve rahyA hatA eTale tenA dharmAcAryoe moTAbhAge pradezanA kSatriya rAjAo pAse vijayaprAptinA prasaMgoe ' bhAstadezane thoDA samaya mATe te rAmarAma ja karavA mukhyapaNe karAvatA hatA ane jenI kamakamATI varNavI paDayA hatA. jethI rAjA zAtakaraNIne pitAnI dharmA- jAya tevI na hovAthI, zrI mahAvIra ane zrI buddhadeva kAMkSAne sateja karI piSavI rahetI ja hoya te nAme be dharmapravartakAe te yajJo baMdha karAvavA mATe kevaLa vaidika mata tarapha ja najara doDAvavAnuM rahetuM pitAnuM AkhuM jIvana tanatoDa mahenata karI kamarakasI hatuM. A dharmapracAranA prayoga AdaravAmAM ane tene suyaza meLavyo hato, te baMdha paDela yajJo pAchI rahI sAMgopAMga utaravAmAM je koI dharmopadezakanI sahAya levI rahIne sADAtraNa varSe sajIvana thavA pAmyA hatA. paDe te te pote paNa kaI rIte gAMjyo na jAya te, A pramANe te potAnI hakumatamAM-dakSiNa hiMdamAM temaja paDakhe ubhA rahenAranuM vahANuM bharadariye jhUkAvI chUTe hAthe ane bedhaDakapaNe vaidikamatane pracAra karyo mUkI daI rakhaDAvI mUke te, paNa na ja hovo joIe. jatA hatA teTalAmAM uttara hiMdamAM paNa tene ? AvA prakAranI eka vyakti tenA rAjyamAMthI tene anukuLa kSetra ughaDI paDayuM. sAMpaDI gaI. A vyaktinuM nAma ItihAsamAM mahA- mahArAjA priyadarzinanI pAchaLa tene jyag putra bhASyakAra bhagavAna pataMjalI tarIke ja amarapaNe neMdhAI vRSabhasena avaMtipati thayo hato. teNe potAnA gayuM che. A pramANe sonuM ane sugaMdha maLyAM te pitAnA rAjaamala daramiyAna, hiMdanI pazcime Avela kharAM, paNa jyAM sudhI prayoga karavAne yoga prApta aphagAnistAna ane balucistAnavALA prAMto upara (6) arvAcIna itihAsakAronI je ema mAnyatA sAbita thaI rahe che, tyAre te sarva mAnyatAne palaTe ja badhAI che ke bauddhadharma ja pracalitapaNe vistaryo hato te kare paDaze. AthI karIne bauddhadharmanA juja anuyAyI bhUla che, kemake temanuM je maMtavya baMdhAyuM che te samrATa azo- hatA tevA zabdo atyAre lakhavA paDayA che. vaLI nIcenI kanA zilAlekhe ane temAMthI niSkarSane Alekhela tenA TIkA naM. 17nuM lakhANa tathA pu. 4, pR. 157mAM hiM. hi, jIvanavRttAMta uparathI; paNa jayAre te zilAlekha samrATa 702-3 vALuM ApeluM avataraNa sarakhAve. priyadarina ja sajA saMpratinA ane jaina dharmanA hevAnuM (1) u5snI TIkA na. 16 vAMce.

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caturtha pariccheda ] dhAmika krAMti [ ce sabA5Ne vahIvaTa calAvyo hate (juo pu. 3). tyAMnI vaLI te avaMtipati Adho pAcho thaI mAthuM ucakavA maja sAthenA sahavAsamAM ghaNA varSo gALela hovAthI jevuM na kare mATe, potAnA sAgarita ane dharmAnuyAyI te jalada prakRtine ane ugra svabhAva banI gayo puSyamitra nAmanA brAhmaNane,19 avatinA sainyapati hate. eTale gAdIe besatAM veta, potAnA pitAnI tarIke niyata karate Avyo. uparAMta sarvanI Toce caDe mAphaka potAnI prajAne dharmanA aMkuza taLe rAkhavAnI tevuM bIjuM kArya e karyuM ke, avaMtimAM ja teNe bIje ane temane cAha meLavavAnI utkaMThA ane ulaTamAM azvamegha yajJa karyA ra0 tathA te sthAne eka vijayateNe dharmadhapaNuM dhAraNa karI lIdhuM hatuM ane rAja- staMbha ubho karI te saghaLuM kharca tyAMnI prajA pAsethI sattAno upayoga karI trAsa vartAvavA paNa mAMDayo vasala karyuM. A pramANe potAnA svabhAvane kahe. hato. jethI prajA urAI gaI hatI. bIjI bAju ke dharmAbhimAnane kahe, ke pite je prayoga Adaryo tenA bhAIbhAMDuomAM ane kuTuMbIomAM paNa tenA hato tenI saphaLatAnI khumArInuM kahe, paNa tenuM svabhAvane lIdhe vikhavAde praveza karyo hato jene digdarzana sarvaprajAne karAvyuM. te bAda potAnA jIvatarane pariNAme temanAmAM tIvra kusaMpa jAmI gayo hato ane dhanya mAnate pukita hRdaye, ane uchaLatI chAtIe, jema jema taka maLatI gaI tema tema teo potAnI sattA abhimAnapUrvaka svadeza tarapha pAchA vaLyo hato. paraMtu taLanA malake pacAvI svataMtra thavA maMDathI hatA. Ama varSa daDha varSamAM ja pite kALanA mukhama bevaDI trevaDI kSati lAgu pADavAthI, je mauryana sAmrAjyanI adazya thaI gayo. mahArAjA priyadarzinanA samaye hAkala vAgI rahI hatI A prakAre prathama dharmakrAMtine AraMbha sAtamA teja sAmrAjyanI kamaLa pAMca sAta varSanI avadhimAM rAjAnA adhikAre thayo hate. AdaryA adhUrAM kema ekadama pAtI dazA AvI gaI. prAsaMgika rIte prApta rakhAya; ne rahe to teTale kA kahevAya ne ! rAjA thayela AvI senerI takane lAbha rAjA zAtakaraNIe zAtakaraNi je pAtAnA jamaNA hAtha samAna hato tarata ja lIdhe ane avaMti u5ra caDAI karI. rAjA tenA maraNathI purohita paMtajalI pate ekalavAyA vRSabhasena marAyo. tenI jagyAe tenA bhAIne gAdIe jevA thaI gayA. paraMtu uparokta ukti anusAra besArI je avaMtine pote mAMDaLika hato te ja hiMmata hAre tevA nahotA. eTale temaNe bIjA rAjAne avaMtipatine potAne mAMDaLika banAvyo.18 A 5Na sahAyaka tarIke dhAravAnI vicAraNA karavA mAMDI. samayanI eka balIhArI ane vicitratA ja kahevAya ne! Avo rAjA zAtakaraNInA gAdI vArasa karatAM temanA (18) A samaya sudhI ati bhAvanAnuM prAbalya had satkarni proclaimed his suzerainty by the yAhatuM hatuM ema samajAya che. nahIM te teNe potAnA performance of the horse-sacrifice; and on sAmrAjyamAM te mUlAka bheLavI lIdho hato one of these occasions at least, the victory (19) puSpamitranuM janmasthAna je dakSiNa hiMdamAM pata- thus celebrated 'must have been at the jalI mahAzayanA janmasthAnavALA ane paiThaNu pAsenA expense of the Sungas=samajAya che ke A azvamedha godAvarI nadInA muLa tarIke gaNAtA pradezamAM gaNAya che te yajJa karIne zAtakaraNIe be vakhata potAnuM sArvabhaumapaNuM vastu A hakIkatanI khAtrI Ape che. AthI siddha thAya che. jAhera karyuM hatuM. ane temAMthI kamatImAM kamatI eka vakhate ke; vaidikamatane punarUddhAra godAvarI nadInA pradezamAMthI thayo che. te sarva kharca iMgavaMza pAsethI lIdhuM khAya che. [ amAre - A pradezane dakSiNagauDa-goDa-gAna kahe che. jyAre TippaNa-kharI rIte zugavaMzI te kevaLa karatA kAvatI ja bihAramAM Avela pAlavaMzI rAjAonA mulakane pUrvagauDa vyakti hatI bAkI rAja karatA te mauryavaMzI ja hatA.. kahevAya che (juo pu. 2. 5, 7ranI hakIkta). () A hakIkatanI pratIti te vijayastaMbhanA zilA(20) c.HI. pp. 530-1: Twice / appears lekha uparathI maLe che,

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dhArmika kAMti [ aSTama khaMDa manathI avaMtino senApati puSyamitra vadhAre kiMmatI keTalIka peDhI sudhI UMDAM javA pAmyAM hatAM A lAgyo. e kAraNathI, eka to sainyapati eTale sattA pramANe eka sthiti thaI. bIjI bAju ema jaNAyuM dhikArathI kAma levAne prasaMga prApta thAya che te kArya che ke, (juo pR. 39 uparanI nAmAvalI) A paNa karI zake ane bIjuM e ke, avaMtine sthAna vaMzanA 24 mAM rAjA (bIjI gaNatrIe 26mA rAjA) te samaye hiMdanA sArvabhaumatvanuM ziromaNI gaNAtuM. gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe vaidikamata aMgIkAra karI vaLI puSyamitra potAnA bALasakhA jevo hato. eTale pitAne zaka pravartAvyo hato (AgaLa upara tenuM pataMjalI mahAzaye sthAnAMtara karI pratiSThAnapurathI arva- vRttAMta juo), eTale ema sAbita thAya che ke, A timAM nivAsasthAna sthApyuM. kramekrame puSyamitra, tenA putra zatavahanavaMzI rAjAo je mULa jainadharmI hatA, temanA agnimitra ane pataMjalInI tripuTIe, mauryavaMzI sAtamAM rAjAe dharmapalaTo karI vaidikamata svIkAryo nAmadhArI samrATa upara kAbU meLavI, rAjasUtro hAtha hato. temAM pAchA pheraphAra thaine vaccagALAnA je karI, tenA aMtIma rAjA bahathanuM kevI rIte kAsaLa 17 rAjA thayA hatA. (26-7=19 ane bIjI gaNukADhI nAMkhyuM te sarva jANItI vAta che (juo 5. trIe 23-7=16) temAMnA keIkathI pAchA jainadharma 3. prathama pariccheda). te bAda be azvamedha karavAmAM svIkArI levAyA hatA. A pheraphAra kyAre, kenA AvyA hatA (A badhA mATe pu. 3mAM agnimitranuM vakhatamAM ane-zA kAraNe thavA pAmyo hato te ApaNe vRttAMta juo). A pramANe prathama dharmakrAMtinuM svarUpa tapAsavuM rahe che. jANavuM. - pu. 3 pR. 113-14mAM zuMgavaMzI rAjA baLaprathamanI dharmakrAntino AraMbha dakSiNa hiMdamAM mitra bhAnumitranuM jIvanavRttAMta lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che zAtakaraNi rAjAnA samaye thayo hato paraMtu tene ke tene bhANeja baLabhAnu je vaidikamatAnuyAyI hatA pracAra, vistAra, sthiti ane purabahAra to zuMgavaMzI tene tenA saMsArI pakSe thatA mAmA evA kAlikaamala taLe avaMtinA pradezamAM ja thayo hato ema sUri 22 ke jeo jananA eka mahAyuga pradhAna jevA kahI zakAze. ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke, puSyamitra hatA, temaNe svahaste dIkSA ApI jainamuni banAvyA ane pataMjali bannenAM janmasthAna dakSiNa hiMdamAM hatA. A kRtyathI rAjA bhAnumitre pitAnA mAmA hatAM paraMtu saMyogavazAta uttara hiMdamAM temanuM sthA- kAlikasUri upara khUba krodhita thaIne, varSARtunuM nAMtara thayuM hatuM jyAre temanI lAgavaga tathA sagapaNa cAturmAsa hovA chatAM, temane te samaye avaMti pradezanI saMbaMdha (pu. 3. pR. 109nI hakIkata) dakSiNamAMnAM hada choDI devAne hukama pharamAvyuM hatuM. jethI A heine vaidika dharmano pracAra tyAM paNa cAlu ja rahyo jainAcArye dakSiNanA pratiSThAnapUre jaI sthiti karI hatA. tema zAtakaraNI sAtamo rAjA pote vaidikamatAnu hatI. je samaye tyAM rahyA te daramyAna, pitAnI vidvatAthI yAyI thayA bAda tenA vaMzajo paNa te ja dharmamAM rakta tathA aneka sadaguNothI tyAMnA rAjA prajAnAM thaI gayA hatA eTale tyAMnI prajAmAM te dharmanAM mULa mana AkaSI lIdhAM hatAM ane temane jenadharmI banAvyAM (22) A kAlisarinI paDhAvaLI jainamatamAM nIce pramANe nIkaLe che. zrI mahAvIranI (9) mATe Arya mahAgiri ane (10) mIpATe Arya suhastika (je samrATa priyadarzina uphe saMpratinA dharmagurU hatA. ma. saM. 246 thI ra92, I. sa, 5 281thI 235 sudhI =46 varasa, temanAmAMthI judI zAkhAmAM (11) guNasuMdarasuri ma. saM. 29-335 I. sa. pU. (236-192)=44 (12) kAlikasUri urphe zyAmAcArya ma. saM. 335thI 376=41 varSa (i. sa. pU. 192thI 151) keTalAkanA mate ma. saM.386 ane 396 sudhI temane samaya gaNAya che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturtha paricacheda ] hatAM. A hakIkata jainasAhityamAM khUba jANItI che. dharma rAjyadharma tarIke jAherajalAlI bhogavI lIdhI che, terai samaya3 ma. sa. 705=I. sa. pU. 15ra gaNAya jyAre samayanI gaNatrIe AkhA zatavahanavaMzanA 675 che. te samaye (pR. 40nI nAmAvaLI jotAM) AMka ne. varSanA gALAmAMthI (I. sa. pU. 42thI I. sa. 261 agiyAravALA paiThaNapati medasvAti pahelAnI ANa sudhInA)-jainadharme banne vakhata maLIne lagabhaga 425 vartI rahI hatI. eTale phaLItArtha e thaze ke naM. 7 thI varSanuM ane bAkInA 250 varSa sudhInuM vaidika dharma naM. 11vALA rAjAnA samaya sudhI zatavahanavaMzI mAna bhegavuM kahI zakAya. rAjAo vaidikamatAnuyAyI banI rahyA hatA, ane A AgaLanA pArigrAphamAM joI gayA pramANe agiyAramA rAjAthI mAMDIne 23 mA rAjA gautamIputra A dharmakrAMtine uddabhava ke dakSiNa hiMdamAM ane sAtakaraNIe pAcho jyArethI vaidikamate svIkArI zaka rAjA zatakaraNInA adhikAropravartAvyo, tyAMsudhInA bAra rAjAoe jainadharma dharmakAMtinuM pradezamAM thayo hato. paraMtu tenA pAnyo hato ema svIkAravuM paDaze. A sthiti temanA utpAdakenAM sthaLAMtara, lAgavaga, sikkAo (juo pu. 2 mAM sikkAcitro) uparathI sattAdhikAra ane kuTuMba saMbaMdhane sAbIta thAya che temaja temanA jIvanavRttAMta (juo lIdhe uttara hiMdamAM paNa tene praveza thavA pAmyo AgaLa) uparathI paNa spaSTa thAya che. eTale te hato. temaja dakSiNahiMda ane uttarahiMdanA rAjapramANe satya vastusthiti pravartamAna hatI ema kabula kartAnA A baMne vaMzanI sattA eTalA bahoLA pramazIkhavuM paDe che. NamAM pharI vaLI hatI ke tenAM pariNAma sAthe . 27vALA zivasvAti zAtakaraNInA samaye je bhAratavarSane zoSavA paDayAM hatAM. eTale A krAMtinA thirmika krAMti pAchI thavA pAmI hatI ane rAjadharma pariNAmanA varNanane AlekhavAne avakAza bhAratate vaidikamalane svIkAra thayo hato, te sArIo ghaTanA dezanA ItihAsamAM aneka ThekANe maLI rahe chatAM te vibhUtinA dhaNane lakhAvAnuM vadhAre yogya haiIne teno uddabhava dakSiNamAM thayela hovAthI te dakSiNa atre ApaNe mulatavI rAkhIzuM. mAtra eTaluM ja pradeza upara sattA bhogavatA rAjyanA adhikAra samaye jaNAvavuM jarUrI che ke naM. 23 vALAnA adhikArathI ja tenuM Alekhana egya kahevAya. te gaNIe atre vaidikamatane je sthAna maLyuM hatuM te, A vaMzanA tenuM varNana ApIzuM. aMta sudhI cAlu rahevA pAmyuM hatuM. sAmAnya samajI zakAya tevuM che ke, jyAre dharmaAkhI carcAne sAra e thayo ke vaMzanI AdithI kAMti thAya che tyAre, pUrve thayelI sattAe dharmanAM je je ma, 7 sudhI eTale I. sa. pU. 4ra7thI 200=e sadInA smArake-nAnAM vA maTAM, prasiddha ke aprasiddha ubhA rAjyakALa sudhI jainadharmane rAjyadharma tarIke svI- kayAM hoya che te sarvene athavA to temAMnA moTAbhAgane kAra hate. te bAda naM. 10 sudhI vaidika dharmanuM navI jamAvatI sattA bhAMgI teDI vikRta karI nAMkhe jinera jAmyuM hatuM. pAchuM na. 11 thI naM. 22 sudhI che athavA bane te tene vinAza karI nirmaLa karavA zire I. sa. pU. 16 thI I. sa. 78 sudhInA sudhI paNa taiyAra thaI jAya che. A siddhAMtAnusAra, savAbe varSa jenadharma paLAvA mAMDayA hatA ane jyAre krAMtine samaya Avyo che tyAre eTale ke naM. bI zekanA rAjyaamale karIne ekavAra vaidikamate nA naM. 11 nA. ane ne. 23 nA rAjya amale upara pitAnI sattA jamAvI hatI te aMta sudhI cAlu rahI jaNavelA prakAre, dharmasmArakene sahana karavAno prasaMga hatI. A pramANe be vAra jainadharmo ane be vAra vaidika upasthita thayo hato ema svIkArI levuM paDaze. jyAM (2) suo paranI TI. naM. 22

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82 ] dharmakrAMtinuM pariNAma [ ekAdazama khaMDa sudhI AkhAye vaMzanA ItihAsa upara aMdhakAranA jevuM samrATanuM maraNa thayuM ke tenA svabhAve mAjA mUkI paDaLa patharAI rahyAM hatAM tyAMsudhI te koI prakAranI ane te kharA svarUpe pragaTI nIkaLyo. te teNe svadeze sthiti jANavAmAM AvI zakI nahotI. paraMtu jema karela prathama azvameghathI ane tyArabAda karela avaMti jema ukela thatA jAya che te prakAza paDato jAya che tema uparanI caDAIthI tathA tyAM karela bIjA azvamegha tema te vakhatanI sthitine bhAna thatuM dekhAya che. naM. yajJa I. i. kAryathI pratyakSa thAya che. paraMtu vizeSa 7 nA samaye kevI sthiti thavA pAmI hatI tene svarUpamAM te kAMI kare te pUrve tene potAnI rAjakAMIka khyAla amane sAMpaDela che eTale atre tenuM ja dhAnImAM pAchuM pharavuM paDayuM hatuM ne tevAmAM te te varNana ApavAmAM Avaze. bAkInA be prasaMgenuM khyAna maraNuM 5Na pAmI gayo. vaLI tenA maraNa pachI ApavAnuM kArya saMzodhaka vidvAno upara choDIzuM. bhagavAna pataMjalIe avatimAM sthAnAMtara karyuM hatuM Adi rAjA zrImukhathI mAMDIne chaTTAnA aMta sudhI eTale dharmakrAMti karavAnuM bIDuM zuMgavaMzI samrAToe jainadharma ja rAjadharma hatA ema teonA sIkkA ja jhaDapI lIdhuM hoya ema dekhAya che. uparathI spaSTa thAya che. temaja sAtamAnA 56 varSa zuMgavaMzI amala avanimAM thayuM te pUrve maurya jeTalA lAMbA kALamAMthI prathamanA 45 varSa ke jyAM vaMzI samrATa priyadarzine jainadharmanA ghAtakarUpa, aneka sudhI, samrATa priyadarzinanA khaDiyA tarIke te hete kAryo karAvyAM hatAM te ApaNe pu.ramAM tenuM vRttAMta tyAMsudhI, teNe paNa jainadharmanuM vadhate oche aMze lakhatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. temAM mukhyapaNe zilApAlana karyuM hoya ema saMbhave che (juo pu. mAM le, staMbhale, stUpa, pracaMDakAya mUrtio, jainasikko, A. naM. 62) tyAra pachI tene dharma palaTo maMdira, upAzrayo, ane jAtajAtanI mUrti karavAnuM zuM kAraNa maLyuM haze tene patto lAgatuM nathI. zakAze. A kAryamAM paNa mukhya vAMdhArUpa te mUrti banavA joga che ke, jyArathI teNe dailI-jAgaDAnA ane maMdira ja gaNAya kemake je temanuM astitva zilAlekhavALA sthAne kaliMganI bhUmi upara samrATa rahevA devAmAM Ave che, te bhaviSyanI prajAne derapriyadarzinanA hAthe hAra, khAdhI ane tenA jevA vaNIrUpa thaI paDe. eTale zuMgavaMzI rAjAonA amalamAM, jainadharmanA prakhara himAyatI ane ajoDa samrATanA temAM je mukhyatve karIne samrATa agnimitre pitAnI hAthe ja svasa nI khAnAkharAbI24 thatI dekhI, sattAnA pradezamAM, jyAM jyAM A vastuo jeI tyAM rAjA zAtakaraNinA manamAM ThasI gayuM haze tyAM tene nAza karavAnuM manAyaba dhAryuM. ane maMdirane ke hiMsA ane ahiMsAnI phIskI te, mAtra svArtha na teDI nAMkhI jarUra jaNAyA pramANe tenAM paiDAMka sadhAyo hoya tyAMsudhI ja kAma karatI lAge che. bAkI avazeSa dharmanAM devAlayo bAMdhavAnA upayogamAM paNa rAjakAraNamAM tene bahu sthAna lAgatuM nathI. AvA lIdhAM. uparAMta je mUrtio hatI tene sthAnabhraSTa ane vicArone tenI mahatvAkAMkSArUpI svabhAvikavRttie khaMDita karI Ama tema cAre tarapha rajhaLatI 2khaDatI ane ucharetI vayamAM vyavahAranA anubhavapaNAnI nAMkhI dIdhI. jyAre jainaprajAe svadharma rakSaNArthe khAmIe, vArisicana paNa kadAca karyuM haze. paranta maMdirane upADI te na zakAya paraMtu temAMnI mUrtione pite parAjita thayela hovAthI ane divasAnadivasa jyAM jyAM phAvyuM tyAM jamInamAM bhaMDArI dIdhI ane vadhAre ne vadhAre sattAzIla baLe jatA priyadazinanI sAme maMdirane khAlI ubhAM rahevA daI thato julamathI karIne hathiyAra upADavA jevI sthitimAM na hovAthI bacavA mATe te pradezanI hada cheDI hIjarata karI mUMge moDhe parAdhIna avasthA nibhAvyo hato. vALI. A uparathI samajAze ke mevA ane - I IN 2) pu. 2mAM pU.32 varNana juodhaulI jAgauDAnA zilAlekhamAM ketAyelI laDAInuM varNana tenA sAkSIrUpa che.

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caturtha pariccheda ] dharmakAMtinuM pariNAma [ 83 , te 5 5 upara gIgAnI sattA prAdhA che. chatAM taMbhalekha uparanI siMhAkati te jainaja jAmI paDI hatI, tyAM kayA kAraNasara kAI prAcIna dharmanA ja cihanarUpa hevAthI, tene utArI laI pheMkI samayanA janamaMdiro temaja akhaMDita janamartio devAmAM AvI hatI. tevI ja rIte Tosa athavA maLI AvatAM nathI. paraMtu rAjaputAnA pradeza- samAdhigRhe paNa ukhALIne jyAM suvarNamudrA, pataruM. vartamAnakALane, jodhapura, jesalamIra ane bIkAnera ke rekha, vyAdi saMgrahita dekhAyuM tyAMthI te sarva upADI rAjyavALe bhAga athavA aravalInA DuMgaranI lIdhuM. A kAraNathI avani pradezamAM Avela bhilsA pazcima bhAga-ke jyAM puSyamitra-agnimitranI ane sAMcInA saMkhyAbaMdha stUpo lagabhaga jevI ne tevI hakamata nahotI, tyAM hajI paNa rAjA saMprati-priya- sthitimAM-jaLavAI rahela najare paDe che. pustakadarzananA banAvela purANA jainamaMdiranAM darzana thAya bhaMDAra hatA te bALI nAMkhyA hovA saMbhave che. A che. A kAraNane lIdhe ja mALavAnI bhUmimAM" jyAM pramANe jainadharmanA ajIva athavA jaDacihanonI khode tyAM asthavyastha sthitimAM aneka khaMDita mUtio sthiti thaI rahI hatI. jyAre sajIvamAM je sAdhugaNuM maLI Ave che. pASANanI mUrtiomAMthI kAMI maLavAnuM kahevAya che temane paNa raMjADavAmAM pAchI pAnI rAkhI na hovAthI upara pramANe tenI dazA karI nAMkhI hatI nahatI. jevAM rAjya taraphanAM raMjADa ane damane dekhAvAM jyAre rIya ke suvarNanI pratimAo hatI tene gaLAvI lAgyAM ke keTaleya sAdhuguNa mALavAnI hada choDIne thA anya kiMmatI khajAno vecI nAMkhI AsapAsanA rAjaputAnA ane gujarAta-saurASTranAM dravya upArjana karI rAjakeSamAM padharAvI dIdhuM hatuM. Ama rAjyomAM Azraya levA utarI paDaya; ane je sthiratA karavAmAM be hetanI siddhi thaI hatI; eka dharmasmArakanuM karI rahyA hatA temane ziraccheda karI naMkhAyo eTale astitva mITAvI nAkhyuM kahevAya ane bIjI vAraMvAranA sudhI ke jyAre raDayo khaDayo bhikSuka 5Nu hAtha yuddha ane azvamedha yajJo karavAthI dravyahAnI je thaI nahoto lAgato tyAre DhaMDhero pITAvyo ke je koI hatI tenI khUTa zeDe ghaNe aMze purAI paNa jAya. maMdira zramaNa-sAdhunuM mAthuM lAvI Apaze tene so suvarNa ane mUrtinI A dazA karI nAMkhI, paNa zilAlekha ane mahera-dinAranuM inAma ApavAmAM Avaze. A staMbhalekhamAMthI kAMI prApti thavAnI na hovAthI temaja kAraNane lIdhe rAjA saMprati pachI lagabhaga doDhasaka lekhamAM sAmAnya upadezanAM to ja nirdiSTa thayela varSone 27 jainAcAryane itihAsa taddana aMdhakAramaya 28 hovAthI, rAjanagaranI samIpe ane potAnI najaranI bhAse che. temaja anya pradezamAM je utarI paDyA sAmasAma hovA chatAM temane teNe aNasparzI rahevA hatA temAMnA keTalAyela zAMti prAptinA nimitte koDa (25) gvAlIara rAjyamAM Avela devagaDha pAsenA ane ItihAsane badale ujavaLa itihAsa kema nathI kahetA te AburoDanAM khaMDiyare A samaya bAdanA kahI sakAze. zaMkAnA nivAraNamAM kahevuM paDaze ke, uparanA prasaMge priyatene samaya I. sa. nI pAMca, cha ke sAta sadIne dharAya che. darzinanI rAjanIti, je sarvadharma pratye sahiSNutA darzAva. (26) pu. 3. 5. 97, 98. nArI hatI tenuM sucana kare che tathA priyadarzina ane tenA (27) juo 5 3. pR. 83, 86nI TIkAo. pachInA samayanA 25-30 varSane citAra Ape che eTale te (28) eka sthiti yAda ApavAnI jarUra lAge che ke vakhatane itihAsa jarUra ujavaLa che ja, paraMtu ApaNe aMdhasaMprati rAjAnA samaye, ane temanA dharmAcArya Arya. kAramaya je kahyo che te tenI pachI turatamAM AvatA samaya gaNasuhasticha tathA temanA ziSya supratibaddhanA amalanA vAno che. eTale ke priyadarzinanA ane sahastichanA maraNa pUrvArdhanA samaye, aneka zAkhA-prazAkhAo nIkaLI paDelI bAdaneja samajavo rahe che. dekhAya che te uparathI koInA manamAM zaMkA udabhavaze ke, (29) A vakhate mahAvIranI pATe susthita ane jyAM AvI sthiti pravartI rahI hoya tyAM aMdhakAramaya supratibaddha nAmanA AcAryA hatA, temaNe paNa A pramANe

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-- -- - - --- dharmakrAMtinuM pariNAma [ ekadama khaMDa vAra sUrimaMtranI upAsanA sAdhavA mAMDI hatI. te adhikAra jevA samuhe dekhAI rahyA hatA. jethI te uparathI kauDinya zAkhAnI utpatti thaI kahevAya che. sAmrAjyanI paDatI dazA dekhI, aMdara aMdara laDI rahelA eTale A kauDinya zabda je keTalAka 30 zilAlekhamAM tevA nAnA nAnA samuhavALA adhikArIone chatI, maLI Ave che te A samaya bAda lakhAyo hovo laI, pitAnI sattA jamAvavAnA hetuthI keTalAya joIe ema A uparathI phalita thAya che. ATalAM paradezIoe hiMdanA vAyavya khUNethI humalA karavA damana chatAM tene kALaje ThaMDaka vaLI nahatI. paraMtu mAMDayA hatA [ juo pu. 3mAM paradezI AkramaNakAronuM eka ghamaMDI pitAnI IcachI saMpUrNa karavA jatAM varNana, khAsa karIne DimeTrIasa ane mitezvaranuM jema jema AvaraNo ane vine ADe AvatAM jAya vRttAMta). A humalAne pratikAra karIne TakI rahevA che, tema tema "kudarata ja tene tevAM kAryomAMthI hAtha mATe athavA te humalAne AvatAMja khALI rAkhavA mATe uThAvI laI nivRtta thavAnuM jaNAve che" te savaLA je kAMI sthiti ubhI thavI joIe te sthiti je artha levAne badale, jema te potAnA AraMbhela kAryamAM upajAvI hoya to te A samrATa agnimitranI rAja gAMDotUra banI AgaLa dhapAvye jAya che tema A samaye nItine ugra hAthe kAma levAnI paddhatine tathA ane agnimitre, prathama mathurAnA pradeza upara hallo karI pitAne azvameghayajJa dvArA cakravartI samAna jAhera karavAnA tyAMne kALajUne suvarNamaya vaeNDavA svapa3 (Vodva dhoraNane ja AbhArI hatI. eTale eka vakhata te mAragtuna) tathA tyAMnuM zrIkRSNamaMdira 32 toDI pADayAM mAra karI AvatA paradezIonA humalAne amimitra hatAM ane tyAMthI upaDI chevaTe, pATalIputramAM suvarNanI stabhIta karI dIdhA ja hatA. keIne avatanA te zuM, sAta TekarIo AvelI sAMbhaLI te meLavavA ane paNa keTalAye mAIlanA vistAra sudhInI jamInanA pitAnI dravyabhUkha saMtoSavA te nagara tarapha upaDayo hato. paDakhe paNa AvavA dIdhuM nahotuM. joke tenA maraNa bAda paraMtu tyAM tenuM maraNa nIpajyuM hatuM. A sarva pacAseka varSe te vaMzanI pAchI paDatI thatAM, te ja hakIkata pu. 3 mAM tenuM vRttAMta lakhatAM varNavI batAvI paradezIonA hAthe khuda avaMtinI gAdIne ja adhiche eTale atre lakhavA jarUra nathI. kAra hastagata karI levAyA hatA. AvI sthiti prApta paMDita pataMjali tathA zuMgavaMzI rAjAonI dharma thatAM ja prajAne harahaMmezanuM jIvana zAMtimAM pasAra bhAvanAnA tIvra amalathI bhale jainadharmane asahya karavAne avasara sAMpaDayo hato. ane dharmakrAMtinI rIte khamavuM paDayuM che ane teTale aMze te sthitine asara adazya thavA mAMDI hatI.33 te vaMzanA rAjAonI dharmakrAMtinI kALI bAjunA uparamAM varNAvyA pramANe uttarahidanI sthiti pariNAmarUpe gaNI zakAze; chatAM tenAthI bIjI avaLI hatI. jyAre dakSiNahidamAM zuM sthiti pravartI rahI eTale tenI ujavaLa bAju paNa che jeno ullekha haze tene khyAla paNa TUMkamAM jANI levA jarUra che. paNa ahIM kare ja rahe cheH samrATa priyadarzinanA sAmAnya kapanA to ema karI zakAya che ke, dakSiNamaraNa bAda tenA vaMzajomAM ubharI nIkaLelA kusaMpane hiMdamAMthI ja A dharmakAMtine janma thayo hato mATe lIdhe, sAmrAjyanA bhAgalA paDI jaI nAnA nAnA tyAM te uttarahiMda karatAM vizeSa svarUpamAM tenAM sAdhanA karI hatI jethI teo kauDinya kahevAya che. (32) agnimitra jevA vaidikamatavALAnA hAthe jyAre (30) bhArahata stUpavALuM sara kaniMgahAmanuM pustaka, A maMdirane tathA jainadharmane nAza thayo che tyAre mAnavuM rahe (31) A Tepa bhAgI nAkhyA bAda 60-65 varSe tenI che ke A kaSNamaMdira jainadharmanuM maMdira hovuM joie. puna:pratiSThA te vakhatanA mathurAnA mahAkSatrapa rAvalanI (33) sarakhA 5, 3mAM kSaharATa nahapAne rAjyapaTarANIe karAvI hatI, te mATe juo pu. 3mAM tenuM vRttAMta, amala,

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[ 85 hAya. paraMtu spaSTa thAya che ke rAjyaprakaraNamAM mAthuM mAravAne temaNe prayatnA teA karelA hatA ja, jemAMnA ceDAkanA nirdeza ApaNe atra karIzuM. (1) azvamedhayajJanuM punarsa na temaNe je karyuM che--karAvyuM che, tenA Azaya ja e che ke gaNataMtra rAjyanI paddhati, je lAMbA vakhatathI te samaya paryaMta cAlye AvatI hatI teneA nAza karI eka ja rAjA hathu sattA sthApIne, sArvabhaumatvanuM birUda dharAvatA eka cakravartI jevA samrATanI chatrachAyA nIce sarva bhUmine mUkI devAya. eTale ja atyArapUrvanA samrATa joke A pramANe dharmakrAMti vizene khyAla je mane agnimitranA sArvabhaumapaNAnI sarakhAmaNImAM Takkara baMdhAyA hatA tenuM vivecana karavAmAM AvyuM che. have rAja- jhIle tevA, balke tethI paNa mahAna sattAzALI hatA, kAraNamAM zuM zuM krAMti thaI rahI chatAM te kendrita bhAvanAthI rAjya calAvatA rAjakIya hatI tenuM thADuMka varNana karIzuM. AvelA hAine te patinA ja nAza karI kendrita krAMti jema dharmakSetramAM krAMti nIpajAva-bhAvanAnuM rAjya sthApana karavAnA kADa paM. pataMjali vAnA kADa bhagavAna pataMjaline sevI rahyA hatA. (dRSTAMtamAM nIcenI kalama 3 jIe) jAgyA hatA tema rAjakIyakSetre paNa jAgyA hatA ema (2) puSyamitra-agnimitranA hAthe ja maiA` samrATa samAya che. kema| akendrita bhAvanA je adyApi bRhadurathanA ziraccheda karAvIne pAtAnI kAryasiddhinuM paryaMta cAlI AvatI hatI, ane jene teADI pADavAne maMgaLAcaraNu karyuM hatuM (jue nIcenI kalama naM 4.) paMDita cANakaye paNa prayAsa AdarI joyA hatA chatAM (3) kAi rAjyanA bhUpatine harAvIne tene phaLIbhUta thayA nahAtA tene jaDathI DAMbhavAne azvamedhayajJanI mAMDaLika banAvI jatA karI devAne4 khale, tenA prathA dAkhala karI hatI; ke jethI sarva sattA pradezane peAtAnI bhUmi sAthe bheLavI devAnAM pagalAMnuM eka samrATamAM sthApita thate kendrita bhAvanAnA maiMDANu paNa agnimitranA rAjyathI ja thavA pAmyuM che. pariNAmarUpa tene cakravartI jevA banAvI zakAya. paraMtu vidarbhapati-peAtAnA svadharmI hatA ke nahi tenI paravA dekhAya che ke temAM, te pahelA kSetramAM jeTalA darajje karyA vinA tenI kuMvarI mAlavikAnuM pANigrahaNa karIne phAvyA hatA teTalA aMze A khIjA kSetramAM phAvyA jamIna paNa je lakhuM lIdhI che te A prakAranuM nathI. pachI tenuM kAraNa, rAjakIya DahApaNunA abhAva dRSTAMta gaNuAze. hAya ke eka vakhata rAjanIti AdaryAM bAda tenuM phaLa cAkhavAne samaya AvI pahoMce te pUrve temanuM ava sAna thayuM hatuM te hAya, ke bhAgye temane yArI na ApI caturtha pariccheda ] cihno najare paDavAM joIe, paraMtu sthiti tethI ulaTI ja hatI. tyAM te taddana zAMtimaya ja vAtAvaraNu dekhAtuM hatuM kemake zAtakaraNInA maraNa pachI je rAjIe gAdIe AvyA che, te ekarIte te zAMtimaya jIvana gALanArAja dekhAyA che. vaLI teoe vaidika dhama aMgIkAra karI lIdhela hatA eTale atipati taraphanI kAMi bIka jevuM ja naheAtuM, ane bIjAM vizeSa sabaLa kAraNa te e hatuM ke pataMjali purAhita jevA kAI prabaLapaNe preraNA raeNDanAra puruSa tyAM ubhabyA nahAtA. rAjakIya krAMti (34) A kAraNathI ja prayadardine keTalAye zAntane chatI lIdhA heAvA chatAM temanA peAtAnA rAjye punaHsthApita karyA hatA (jIe pu, ramAM sudarzanataLAvanuM pariziSTa tathA pu, 4mAM pU. 109 upara kalama ceAthI), AvI paddhatinA nArA agnimitranA rAjyathI thayA che Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (4) dakSiNApathanA svAmI evA Adhrapati je mAMDaLikapaNe hAvAthI pAtAne mUlyAH (mAMDaLikatva darzAvatuM birUda) zabda joDatA hatA (jIe AMdhrabhRtyA eTale agnimitra pachI aDhIse ke traNase varSe thanAra ca rUdradAmananA samaye tene punaHsthApita karavAnA praznaja rahetA nathI. A hakIktathI spaSTa thAya che ke te prazasti rUdradAmana aMgenI nathI paNa priyadarzinane sparzatI che.] www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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pataMjali ane keTalyanI sarakhAmaNI [ ekAdazama khaMDa zabdanA adhikAravALuM varNana) temane evA prakAranI paNe jhaLakI uThavA mATe purUSArtha te karela hato ja, cAlabAjIno upadeza devAya che ke jethI tevuM birUda prAcIna samayanA je mahApuruSonAM nAma purohita TaLI jAya. Aja rItie zaMgabhatyA zabdano pAchalo ke paMDita tarIke khyAti pAmI jaLavAI rahyAM che bhAga lupta thaIne kevaLa zuM pati ja banI rahe tevuM temAM pANini, kaTalya u pagaluM paNa temanA upadezathI bharAyuM hoya (juo pataMjali ane kaiTa- cANakya ane pataMjali e traNa upadanI kalama naM. 2) ema dekhAya che. lyanI sarakhAmaNI vyaktionAM nAma agrapade - (5) uparanAM dRSTAMte te je najare tarI Ave birAje che. A traNe janmathI che tevAM kahI zakAya. paraMtu temanA sikkAo je brAhmaNa hatA, saMskArita hatA, ane vidyAsaMpanna thavA sAMpaDI Ave to te vizeSa purAvArUpa kahI zakAta. pAmyA hatA. temaja bhAgyavazAta IrSyA upajAve tevA je ke zuMgavaMzanA rAjya amala pUrvanA temaja te pachInA rAjadarabArI mAnane paNa traNe jaNa prApta karI aneka sikkAo maLI Ave che paraMtu dilagIrInI zakyA hatA. paraMtu temAMnA 5. pANini kevaLa vidyAvAta che ke, zuMgavaMzI rAjAono kaI sikko haju vilAsI ja rahevAthI temanuM nAma vizeSapaNe sAhityanA upalabdha thayo nathI. banavAjoga che ke tevA sikkAo kSetramAMja pradipta thavA pAmyuM che. jyAre bAkInA be kadAca pharatA paNa haze, paraMtu temanI oLakhate prakAre jaNAe rAjakAraNamAM paNa jhaMpalAvyuM hovAthI, te thayela nahIM hovAthI ApaNane te nathI maLatA evuM banenAM jIvanane rAjadvArIpaTa paNa lAgyo che. vidhAna karavuM paDe che. 35marahuma paMDita jayasvAlajIe A banne jaNuM-cANakya ane pataMjali- chellAM keTalAka sikkAne puSyamitra-agnimitranA hovAnuM lagabhaga 80 varSa sudhI AyuSya bhogavavA bhAgyazALI jaNAvyuM che paraMtu te binA haju nizcitapaNe thayA che. banne mahattvAkAMkSI hatA. temaja rAjyanA svIkArAyelI nahIM hovAthI, temaja amane pitAne mukhya saMcAlaka ane mukuTadhArI rAjA upara, bane paNa tenI khAtrI thaelI na hovAthI teno AdhAra jaNAe pitAne prabhAva prabaLapaNe jamAvyA paNa atre raju karyo nathI. hato. alabatta, ekanA kissAmAM rAjA jainamatAnuyAyI - A pramANenI anekavidha saMbhAvanAothI mAna- hato jyAre bIjAnA kissAmAM rAjA vaidikadhama hato. vAne kAraNe maLe che ke, temaNe rAjakIya krAMti ekamAM rAjA pite, eka ziSya je laTu banI rahyo karavA purUSArtha to AraMbhela hato ja, paraMtu dharmakrAMtinA hatA tyAre bIjAmAM rAjAne anukuLa thaIne teNe pitAne kAryamAM svazaktine aparimita vyaya thavAthI dharmaprema vartavuM paDatuM hatuM. banne jaNuM agragaNya rAjakarmacArinA hatA te dharmajhanunanA svarUpamAM pheravAI gayo lAge che pade birAjIta thayA hatA, chatAM pataMjali mahAzayamAM ane e te niyama ja che ke, eka vakhata paga manovRtti upara saMyama nahote, jyAre cANakya lapasyo to kayAM jaIne ubhA rahevAze teno nirNaya mahAzaya te kAryamAM paNa kuzaLa hato. eTale, jyAM karI zakyo te koI viralApurUSanA lalATe ja lakhA- vicAra karI 5galuM bharavAne samaya Avato tyAM pavana eluM hoya che. eTale pataMjali mahAzayanA kAryo pramANe pITha pheravI jANavAmAM paNa te ekko hato. A rAjakIyapaTa dhAraNa karavAne badale, dhArmika raMgathI prakRtine saddaguNa kaho ke durguNa kahe. paNa tene lIdhe te raMgAyela vizeSataH dekhAI Ave che. chatAM eTaluM eka meTAmAM moTA rAjanItijJanI padavI prApta karI svIkAravuM ja paDe che ke temaNe baMne viSayamAM pradisa- zaka che. bAkI banne jaNAe gaNataMtra rAjya paddhati (35) A pAMcamI kalama je vakhate lakhAI hatI te prasaMga jyAre Avyo che tyAre temanuM zarIra paDI gayuM hovAthI - vakhate paMDita haiyAta hatA paraMtu A pustaka chapAvavAne ahi marahama zabda vAparyo che, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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paMtajali ane kITalyanI sarakhAmaNI caturtha pariccheda ] teADI nAMkhI, eka'drita bhAvanA pASAya tevA-eka ja rAjAnA chatrarUpa--adhikAra sthApavAne prayAsa sevyA hatA ja. te kAmAM banne jaNA niSphaLa ja nivaDayA che. chatAM cANakaye peAtAnI uttarAavasthAnAM keTalAMka varSA sanyasta dazAmAM gALavAnuM munAsama dhAryuM hatuM jyAre pataMjalijI jIvanaparyaMta karmacArI tarIke ja vicarI rahyA che. tApaNu cANakayajIe prajAjIvananA dhaDataramAM ati ujavaLa ane mahatvanA bhAga bhajavyA che jyAre pataMjali te dizAmAM bilakula zunyavata ja mAlUma paDayA che. alabatta, temaNe svAzrita rAjAnI pravRttimAM ja racyApacyA rahevAnuM durasta dhAryuM che. paM. cANakayajIne, prajAraMjanAthe AdareluM kAi kArya, peAtAnA uddezathI virUddha jatuM ane pariNAme potAnI apakIrti samAna thaI paDavAnI bhIti jevuM lAgatuM ke tarata upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe te pITha pheravI detA. vaLI kema jANe kAI vacalA mArga kADhI batAvavA puratuM ja peAtAnuM vartana che, tevI rItathI rAjyavahIvaTane paNa dhArAdheAraNasara ane suvyavasthita calAvavAnA niyameA ghaDI batAvyA che. AvuM temanuM rAjanItizAstra adyatana paryaMta kauTayanA arthazAstranA' nAmathI vikhyAta thayeluM che. jyAre pataMjali mahAzaya potAnA Azaya paripUrNa karavAnA ullAsamAM te ullAsa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 87 mAM rAjamA bhUlI jatA dekhAya che ane je uddezane temaNe sAbbatarIke AgaLa dharyA heAya che tene badale dharmajhanunanA navA ja lekhAza kema jANe pote paherI lIdhe! hAya tevA dekhAva karAI javAya che. bAkI jo AtmasaMyama jALavI zakayA haiAta tA, je darzanapracAra mATe temaNe bhekha lIdhA hatA tene kAMika era ja Apa ApI zakayA haiAta. vidyA ane sAhityanA kSetramAM paM. pataMjaline cANakaya karatAM agrasthAna apAyuM che paNa te ceAgya ja che ke kema te hajI eka prazna lekhAya. kemake cANakaye judAM judAM nAme aneka kRtio racelI che paNa te adhI hajI prakAzamAM nathI AvI. temanuM arthazAstra maiM kAmazAstra ajaba granthe| chatAM temanuM abhyAsakSetra AkhuM hArda pataMjaline je kIrti mahAbhAgye apAvI che tevI cANakayane hajI nathI maLI. uparAMtamAM rAjakIyakSetramAM te evA apUrva svarUpamAM prakAzaila che ke temane pataMjalinI jema sAhityakAranI dRSTie hejI tapAsAyA ja nathI. upara jaNAvyA pramANe baMnenAM jIvanatattvA DhAvAne lIdhe ApaNe jo paM. cAlukayajIne dIrdhadaSTithI kAma karanAra ane 5. pataMjaline tAtkAlikabuddhithI athavA saMkucitadaSTithI kArya karanAra tarIke meLakhAvIe to te anucita nahi ja gaNAya. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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: um paMcama pariccheda keTalAka aitihAsika zilAlekho TUMkasArA-aitihAsika vastu tAravavAmAM zilAlekho ane sikakAo ati mahatvano bhAga bhajave che te nivivAdita che. AMdhruvaMzane ItihAsa saMkalita karavAmAM je je zilAlekho ane sikkAo upayogI nIvaDyA che tene abhyAsa, teTalA mATe prathama jarUriyAtane lekhAya. temAMthI sikkAne lagatI mAhitI pu. 2mAM ati vistArapUrvaka lakhAI gaI che. ahIM zilAlekha saMbaMdhI hakIkatane paricaya karAvavAnI AvazyaktA che. Ama te, jyAM jyAM hakIkata lakhavAmAM Ave tyAM tyAM tenA purAvA tarIke ja, tevA zilAlekhAne ke temAM AlekhAyela vastune je nirdeza karAya to paNa parata lekhAya, paraMtu keTalIka vakhata eka ja zilAlekhane AdhAra aneka vakhata ane keTalIka vakhate eka hakIkata mATe aneka zilAlekhene AdhAra levo paDe che tyAre te sthAne badhAnA utArA karavAthI pustakanuM kada vadhI jAya; vaLI evuM paNa bane ke, upayogI thAya teTalA ja akSaro ke vAkanA utArA ApyA hoya chatAM ye, AgaLa pAchaLanI samajAtI meLavavA mA AkhAne AkhA lekhamAMnI vasta raju karavAnI jarUriyAta te ubhI rahI jAya che ja. A badhI muzkelIne teDa kADhavA mATe, jema sikkAonuM varNana jAduM pADayuM che tema zilAleone paNa judA ja tAravI svataMtra paricachede carcavA, ane jyAM jarUra jaNAya tyAM mAtra tenI AMka saMkhyAne AdhAra batAve te zreyaskara jaNAyuM che. tenA be pariccheda atra karavAmAM AvyA che. dareka zilAlekhamAM, je je hakIkata upayogI nIvaDavA vakI lAgI che, tenuM akSarazaH TAMcaNa pro. repsananA, AMdhruvaMzanA sikkAne lagatA pustakamAMthI (Coins of the Andhra Dynasty) prathama aMgrejImAM utAryuM che. te bAda tenuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara karyuM che. te pachI, tene lagatuM vivecana majakura graMthakAre uparokta graMthamAM je karyuM hoya te te agrejI zabdomAM utArI tene anuvAda karI batAvyo che. ane chevaTe, uparanI saghaLI hakIkatane lagatA amArA vicAro darzAvyA che.

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paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekha [ 89 ATalI prastAvanAthI vAcakane sarva vastune tarata khyAla AvI jaze ke A paricchedamAMnI saMkalanA kayA dhoraNe karavAmAM AvI che. vaLI AMbavaMzanI hakIkata hovA chatAM, jema repsana sAhebe nahapANa, rUSabhadatta, rUdradAmana AdinA vRttAMta upara prakAza pAtharatA, zilAlekhAne paNa joDavAnuM yathAyogya lekhyuM che tema ame paNa tevA zilAlekho utAryA che, kemake tema karavAthI AMdhrapationI bAbatanI muzkelIne ukela jema AvI jAya che. tema, A vadhArAnA lekhomAM AvatA rAja patione aMge paNa thatuM jatuM dekhAya che. - zilAlekho uparanA lekhanA samaya para temaNe pra. pR. 19, naM. 1-nAnAghATa pArA 21 mAM De. myularane mata TAMkIne jaNAvyuM che ke. AM. re. prastAvanA pR. 45, pAri. 57 - ke, According to the epigraphical evi The inscription is a record of dence, those documents may be placed sacrifices performed and of donations a little but not much later than Asoka's made, to the sacrificing Brahmans. It and Dasaratha's edicts. But what, in is set up by Queen Naganika, the my opinion, most clearly proves that wife of King Sri-Satakarni, acting they belong to one of the first Andhras apparently as regent during the mi- is that their graphic peculiarities fully nority of her son, Veda Sri= 4311 agree with those of the Nasik inskaravAmAM AvyA, tathA yajJo karanAra brAhmaNane je cription No. 1 of Kanha or Krsna's dAne devAyuM tene lagatI noMdha A zilAlekhamAM karavAmAM reign=zilAlekha uparanA akSaro jotAM. tene samaya AvI che. tenI kartA rANI nAganikA che; rAjA azoka ane dazarathanA lekhe karatAM jarAka moDe- zrIzAtakaraNinI te rANI hatI ane banavAjoga che ke, paNa ati moDe te nahIM jaM-kahI zakAze; paNa mArA pitAnA sagIraputra vedazrInA samaya daramiyAna teNIe (Da. regnananA) mata pramANe te spaSTapaNe adhavaMzanA vAlIpaNe kAma karyuM hatuM. - AdipurUSonA hovAnuM jaNAya che, kemake te akSaronAM A lekhamAM je rAjavaMzI vyaktionAM nAme AvyAM vaLAMka vagere kaha uke kaSNanA rAjya ketarAvela che temanAM sagapaNane lagatuM ke A pramANe nAsika zilAlekha naM. 1nA akSara sAthe saMpUrNa rIte temaNe banAvyuM che: maLatA Ave che. matalaba ke. myulara sAhebanA matathI rAyA simukho sAtavAhano kaLalAya--mahAraThi pote judA paDIne ema jaNAve che ke, nAnAvATa aMgiya kulavadhana lekhanA akSare jotAM, tenA kartAne samaye rAjA kRSNanA mahAraThi tranakayire samayanI lagabhagano ja che. vaLI A zilAlekha paratve anyatra (juo, ja. dakSiNApathapati devI nAganikA siri zAtakani eN. . . e. se. navI AvRtti, pR. , pR. 47) A pramANe TIkA lakhelI maLe che. The inscripvedasiriya zati-simita tion at Nanaghat is by the queen of - hasiri Satkarani, the third king of this dynasty (1) A nAmo mATe, SaSama papicchede, juo. 12

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7 ] (A. S. W. I. 5, pp. 68), who according to Buhlers's inscription, was the son of Simukha. The alphabet of Nanaghat agrees with that of Hathigumpha (J. B. O. R. S, III. P. 112). This justifies zilAlekhA the, identification of Satakarni mentioned therein with Satakarni of Nanaghat, that is No. 3, of Pargiter's list=nAnApATanA zilAlekha A vaMzanA trIjA rAjA (A. sa. ve. iM. pu. pa, pR. 68) zAtakaraNanI rANInA che; mularanI samajUti pramANe te rAjA zrImukhane putra thAya chaeN. nAnAdhATa zilAlekhanI lipi, hAthIguMphAnI lipine maLatI Ave che (ja. mi. e. rI. sA. pu. 3, pR. 112). A uparathI puravAra thAya che ke, temAM lakhela zAtakaraNi, ane nAnAdhATavALA zAtakaraNi anne eka ja che, jenA naMbara pATare Apela krASTakamAM trIjo mUkAyA che." A phakarAmAM traNa cAra pramANeA apAyA che. te sarvanA AdhAre evA dhvani nIkaLe che ke rANI nAganikAe lakhela nAnAdhATanA zilAlekha, tenA akSarA jotAM zrImukhane putra rAjA zAMtakaraNa, ke jenA naMbara pATara sAhee taiyAra karela krASTakamAM trIjo darzAvAyA che, tenA ja che. vaLI te ja lekhake AgaLa jatAM (ja. khAM. maMe 2. e. sA. pu. 3. 19286 pR. 83) Nanaghat Inscr. by mother Naganika is dated in the 13th year (regnal year) of Vasi. sthiputra=mAtA nAganikAe nAnAdhATanA zilAlekhate, visaputranA (rAjya) 13mA varSe kAtarAvyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. [amArA vicAra:-samayaparatve DaeN. rUpsananA ane breAM. cheM. rU|. e. sA. nA jaranalanA lekhakanA mata sAthe ame maLatA thaie chIe paraMtu yajJa karanAra tarIke brAhmaNane je temaNe lekhAvyA che tema nathI. mULa zabda 'khamaNa' che ane tenA artha 'brahma (1) ne ke lekhake mAMI purAA ApyA nathI lAgatA paraMtu A hakIkata satya lAge che. tenA AdhAra mATe AgaLa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa carya pALe te'thAya che. pachI tevA purUSa game te varganA heya. eTale ke, je tapazcaryA kare, amuka vRtta niyama pALe tevA purUSo mATe te dAna karyAnuM jaNAvyuM che; ane tethI yajJAdi eTale hiMsAmaya pravRtti lekhavAnI nathI paraMtu AtmakalyANanI pravRttiomAM je racyA pacyA rahetA haiAya temanA nibhAva mATe dAna karyuM hatuM ema samajavuM rahe che. lekhamAMnI hakIkatane samaya I. sa. pU. 383 kahevAze jyAre lekha kAtarAvAyeA che I. sa. pU. 372 athavA te khAda--eTale enI vacce 10-12 varSanuM aMtara che. devI nAganikAnA pitA vize AMdhravaMzI rAjAonA itihAsane jo ke siddho saMbaMdha na ja kahI zakAya, paraMtu temanA nAma sAthe je upanAme joDAyala najare paDe che temAMthI keTalIka aitihAsika vastu upara prakAza paDe che. mATe tenI carcA atra karavI Avazyaka lAgI che. (1) kaLalAya mahAradi vize kaeNA. AM. rU. pArA 26mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, jema maisuranA cittalakrUga jIllAmAMthI maLI Avela sikkAomAM (jIe pu. 2 AMka naM. 47, 48) sadakana kaLalAya mahArathi zabda mAlUma paDe che tema, ahiM te ja pramANe AkhuM upanAma DhAvuM joie. (2) aMgikulavadhana=(saMskRta) aMgiya kuLavardhana lekhavuM. temAMnA aMga zabdane, trikaliMga samuhamAM gaNAtA aMga, vaga ane kaliMga dezamAMnA aMgadezanI amuka prajAnAM kula tarIke gaNuAvyA che. jo ke temaNe te aMga dezanuM sthAna baMgALa IlAkAnA bhAgalapura ane mAMgIra jIllAnA amuka pradezamAM ja gaNAvyuM che. paraMtu ApaNe pu. 1mAM aMgadezanuM varNana karatAM, tathA pu. 3 mAM agnimitre vidarbhapatinI kuMvarI mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM tenI carcA karatAM sAbita karyuM che ke, prAcIna samaye vidarbha prAMtavALA bhAganA hAlamAM jene ApaNe varADa prAMta kahIe chIe tene- samAveza aMgadezamAM thatA hatA ane rANI nAganikAnA upara varDsatazrInA vRttAMte jue, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekhA pitA paNa A sthAnanA ja adhipati hatA te thaie chIe. ] ApaNe gautamIputra yajJazrInuM varNana karatAM joma laizuM. matalaba ke mahAradiAne aMgadeza sAthe ja saMbaMdha naM. 3--nAsika (kA. AM. re. pra. pR. 46 ):---- hatA. tevI prajAnA mukhya nAyakane aMgiyakulavardhana tarIke upanAma joDAya te te ayukta na ja gaNAya. Possibly containing the name of (3) traNakiyarA-nA prathama padanA artha vize jo keking sakti-SridhaNuMkarIne temAM rAjA zaktizaMkA batAvI che paraMtu tenA artha saMskRtanA trAtA'zrInuM nAma AveluM che: akSarA bhUMsAI gaelA che. jethI sazayAtmaka che. paraMtu mi. sTenArTa suggests zabda jevA thAya ema sUcavyuM che. that the reading may have been Ma. hahakusiri [nati]ya Bhatapalikaya=By Bhatipalika [granddaughter] of Ma uparanAM traNe upanAmeAnAM vivaraNa uparathI have samajAze ke, sujhukAnaMda ane mULAnaMda ke muMDAnaMdane jema ApaNe naMdavaMzI rAnamAMthI utarI AvelA saradAra| gaNAvyA che tema A aMgadezanA mahArathIoneha-hakusiri=mahAhakusirinI pautrI bhaTipAlikAe paNa aMgavaMzI rAjAomAMthI utarI AvelA saradArI tarIke lekhavA rahe che. A lekhanA samaya pra. pR. 19 pAri. 22 mAM DaoN. myularanA matathI mauryavaMzI aMtima rAjAone ke zuMgavaMzanI AdinA lekhyA che, paraMtu pArA. 23 mAM DaoN. rUpsana peAtAnA mata jaNAvatAM lakhe che ke, The names and the order of succession of the first three Andhra kings are correctly given by the Puranas, viz. (1) Simuka, (2) Kxsna, (3) Sri Satakarni. It is probable, too, as stated both in the Bhagavata and in the Visnu Purana, Krsna was the brother of Simuka=AMdravaMzanA prathamanA traNa rAjAnAM nAma ane anukrama, purANAmAM lakhyA pramANe zuddha ja che. taduparAMta, bhAgavata ane viSNu purANamAM jAvyA A hUkusira mATe khulAsA karatAM DaoN. rUpsane zilAlekha naM. 1mAMnA kAThAvALA sati-siri dhArI laI pArA. 25, pR. 20mAM lakhyuM che ke, It is quite possible that Sakti-Sri may have come to the throne subsequently and that he may be identified with the Maha-Haku Siri the great Sakti Sri," who is mentioned in an undated inscription at Nasik. It is possible also, as Buhler has suggested, that he may have been the historical of the Sakti-kamara of Jaina legend= taddana saMbhavita che ke, pachIthI zaktizrI gAdIe beThI hAya. tene mahAhiisira mahAna zaktizrI tarIke oLakhI zakAze, ke jenuM nAma samaya darzAvyA vinAnA nAsikanA zilAlekhamAM jaNAvAyuM che, ane jema DaoN. byulare sUcavyuM che te pramANe banavAjoga che ke jaina daMtakathAvALI zaktikumAra nAmanI aitihAsika asala vyakti paNa te ja hAya. matalakha ke uparanA naM. 1 zilAlekhavALA zRti--sirimata harine ane A naM. 3 vALA nAsikanA lekhamAMnA mahAhakaeNsirine eka mAnI lIdhA che. vaLI te uparathI evuM anumAna pramANe kRSNe te zimukhanA bhAI ja sAvasA saMbhave che'deryuM che ke, siramata hari peAtAnA bhAi veda[DaoN. repsananA mata sAthe sarvathA ame maLatA sirinI pAchaLa gAdIe AvyA hrAya; ane chevaTe naM. ra--nAzika (kA. AM. rU. pra. pR. 46 pAri. 23) king Krisna of the Satavahana race; undated=zAtavAhana kuLanA rAjA kRSNaH tArIkha vinAnA (lekha che) [ 1

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- - kare ]. zilAlekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa che. myulare (zilAlekhanA akSaronI khUbIone lIdhe) haku-zakti, hala=zAla (zAta)"; vaLI te ja niyama jaina datakathAmAM varNavela zaktikumArane A mahAhaku pramANe hirUzrI, hATakaNi zAtakaraNi. matalaba ke siri tarIke oLakhAvela che. te matane pote svIkAravA hasiri nAmanI vyaktine zAtavAhana vaMzI mahAzaktitatparatA batAvI che. zALI hAla zItakaraNi jevA hovAnI kalpanA [ amAruM TIpaNa-naM. 1 lekhavALA hakasirine nIpajAvI kADhI che ]. kharI rIte koI saMbaMdha ja nathI kemake te bannenA akSaro ja taddana bhinna prakAranA che, je De. rasane naM. 4-bhillA-sAMcI ane enA kabUla karyuM che. vaLI ekane hasirinA Tepa naM. 1. ( janarala kaniMgahAmanA sAdA nAmathI oLakhAvela che, temaja ApaNe AgaLa bhisATosa nAmanA pustakamAMthI pR. 214, 264, upara joI zakIzuM ke te gAdIpati banyuM ja nathI; pleITa 10) eTale "mahA' ke tevuM kaI biruda meLavavA bhAgyazALI che. A. 2. pR. 47 tathA pArA 29 pR. 23ne paNa te kayAMthI thAya? jyAre mahAhasiri nAmanI sAra e nIkaLe che ke, "The inscription as it vyakti te taddana bIjI ja che ane teNe aneka parA- stands in Cunningham's eye-copy krama karela hovAthI "mahA" upanAma paNa meLavyuM hatuM is evidently incorrect=je pramANe kaniMgahAme ema kahI zakAya. uparAMta tene samaya paNa (juo AMkhethI joIne te zilAlekha utArI lIdho che te TIkA naM. 1) I. sa. pU.nI pahelI sadInA aMtanI dekhItI rIte azuddha che ane tene sarakhAvI joIne lagabhaga eTale ke I. sa. nI prathama sadInA prAraMbhamAM pharI tapAsavA jevuM keAI sAdhana na hovAthI bIje AvI jAya che, temaja tene jaina sAhityamAM ghaNuM kaI rasto nathI. temAM rAjA vasiSThIputra zAtakaraNi mahatvanuM sthAna maLyuM hovAnuM paNuM samajAya che. rAjya keIe dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata che; ane "Dr. A mahAhasirimAMnA "ha" akSara upara Do. Buhler, indeed proposed to identify 22240 sladi orelloj In the Dra- him with Sri-Satkarni of the Nanavidian Prakrit of the Andhras, ha= ghat and Hathigumpha inscriptions skt. Sa. Thus Haku=Sakti, Hala=Sala on the ground that the alphabet of (Sata); probably also Hiru=Sri, Hata- the Bhilsa inscr. showed similar chakam=Satakarni; AMdhraprajAnI drAviDIyana prAkRta racteristics nAnAvATa ane hAthIguMphAnA zilAbhASAmAM hAza (saMskRta) thAya che, te niyama pramANe lekhamAM nirdiSTa zatakaraNine De. myulara A (3) jene samaya (uparamAM zilAlekha naM. 1 juo) vAhana zabdanuM vivecana tathA AgaLa upara hAla azokanA rAjyakALa pachI ke, zuMgavaMzanI Adine eTale rAjAnuM vRttAMta. I. sa. pU. bIjI sadI, mAnyo che. . (6) nAnAdhADhanA be zilAlekha che. eka rANI nAganikA emAM mahAhasirinI pautrIne lagatI hakIkata che eTale, vALo (juo u5ramAM naM. 1 vALe) tathA bIje catrapaNa be peDhI thaI kahevAya, jethI A zilAlekhane samaya i. sa. pU. zAtakaraNIne (juo nIce na, 18 vALo). A bemAMthI karyuM nI prathama sadInA aMtane lagabhaga mAne che (juo ke. kahevAno bhAvArtha che te spaSTa karyuM nathI. paraMtu "vAsiSThaputra A. 2. 5. 46mAM baM, ka zilAlekha uparanI TIkA). zAtakaraNi rAbda laIne vAta karAya che eTale, na, 18 vALA (4) ko. o. re. pR. 20. TI. naM. 3 juo. samaja rahe che; paraMtu nAnAghATa ane hAthIguphA bannene (5) jue uparamAM prathama pariccheda. zata ane zAlina sAthe nirdeza karAya che jyAre te banne sthaLane sAmAnya meLa

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= paMcama paricacheda ] zilAlekhe [ 93 vasiSapatra tarIke oLakhAvavAne kharekhara rIte middle of the first century B. C=bhasA sUcavyuM che, kAraNa ke, bhillAlekhanA akSaromAM (majakura TopsamAMnA sAMcI naM. 1 TopanA (na. 346) eka lekhanA akSaro jevI ja) khUbIo dekhAya che." pachI lekhamAM zatakaraNirAye dAna dIdhAnI noMdha che. je pitAne svataMtra mata darzAvatAM jaNAve che ke, "If vizeSa ekasAIthI oLakhI zakAtA nathI paraMtu this identification could be established sevA te aMdhaja haze. lekha upara miti lakhI nathI we should have good reason although paNa sthApatya-niSNAtonA moTAbhAgano e mata che not conclusive reason for believing ke teno samaya mukhyatve I. sa. pUrvanI pahelI sadInI that Bhilsa (Vidisa) the capital of madhyane che. the province of East Malwa (Akara) [amAruM maMtavya-akSaranA vaLAMka tathA lakhavAnI was in the possession of the Andhra rabaDhabathI jo ke keTalAka aMze upayogI anumAna at a date (c. 168 B. C.) when it is tAravI zakAya che kharuM paraMtu te sarvathA AdhAra generally supposed to have belonged mUkavA lAyaka ane majabUta nIvaDatuM nathI. kemake to the Sunga dynasty=je A oLakha temAM te dezIya pheraphAro paNa bhAga bhajave che temaja kabUla rakhAya te ApaNe jarUra mAnavuM paDaze, jo ke ketaranAra salATa-kArigarenI kuzaLatA upara paNa nirNayAtmakapUrvaka to nahIM ja-ke I. sa. pU. 168nA AdhAra 2khAya che, ane tethI ja uparamAM (juo arasAmAM pUrva mAlavA (Akara) pradezanI rAjadhAnI zilAlekho naM. 1 tathA naM. 3) De. myulare darelA bhilsA (vidizA) nagarI AMdhaprajAnA kabajAmAM hatI; anumAna uthalAI jatAM mAlUma paDayAM che. jyAre sAmAnya rIte ema manAya che ke, te te vaLI bhillAnagarI AMdhraprajAnA tAbAmAM gaI zaMgavaMzIonI rAjyasattAmAM hatI." matalaba ke hoya evuM anumAna dorAI javAya che tema paNa keTalAka aMze De. myulara sAhebanA matane mAnya banavA pAmyuM nathI. kema ke temanA pitAnA jaNAvyA rAkhavAne lalacAya che kharA. paraMtu sarvathA mAnI pramANenA samaye te te pradeza upara zuMgavaMzanI sattA ja levAne je muzkelI jaNAya che tenuM darzana paNa karAvatA cAlI rahI hatI. ane jo A zilAlekhamAM varNajAya che. A lekhanA samaya para ke. hi. I. pR. vAyalI hakIkata te samaya sivAyanI kare, te paNa 533mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, An inscription (no. kahevuM paDaze ke avaMti pradeza upara kadApi paNa 346) on one of the Bhilsa Topes, apradezanI hakumata sthapAI ja nahotI (je ApaNe sanchi No. 1, records a donation temanAM vRttAMta uparathI joI zakIzuM ) made in the reign of a Satkarni, AMdhrapati zAtakaraNIne mAtra te pradeza upara kAMIka who cannot de identified more preci- adhikArasUtra jamAvavA je prasaMge upasthita thaye sely but who must cexainly have, hato (juo naM. 7nA vRttAMte) paraMtu te samaye akendrita been an Andhra. The inscription is bhAvanA(Decentralization)nI paddhatie rAjyanot dated, but there is a pow general vahIvaTa cAlatuM hovAthI tene te pradeza cheDIne cAlyA concensus among archeologists that AvavuM paDayuM hatuM. it probably belongs to about the vAstavika rIte te, bhisApamAMthI upasthita upajAve tevA te,AzravaMzI Adi purUSamAneja zAtakaraNi che. jAya che. ane naM. 18 nAnAdhATana i. sa. nI bIjI sadIne naM. 1 nAnAdhATane samaya I. sa. pU. thI sadImAM che. baMne vacce lagabhaga cha saikAnuM aMtara che,

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zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa thatI hakIkta ema banavA pAmI che ke, je vAsiSThaputra hakIktane samarthana maLe che. eTale te prasaMgane satya zAtakaraNIne temAM ullekha karAyo che te rAjA hAla ghaTanArUpa gaNo rahe che. vaLI uparokta zAtakaraNine zAtakaraNi che. tene pulumAvI tarIke tema ja vasiSTha- samaya De. repsana pote ja ghaNo AgaLa ( myulara putra zAtakaraNi tarIke paNa oLakhAvavAmAM Avela sUcita I. sa. pU.nI cAra sadIvALA nAnAghATa che. (pu. 2 mAM tenA sikkAo tathA A pustake ane hAthIguphAnA samaya karatAM) laI jatA dekhAya AgaLa upara tenuM vRttAMta juo). teno samaya I. sa. che. te hakIkata "On the whole, it appears pU. nA aMta ane I. sa.nI Adine che. A rAjAne more probable that Bihler was mistemaja tenI pUrvenI be traNa peDhIvALAne, avaMti taken in assigning so early a date pati gabhilavaMzIo sAthe mitratAnI gAMTha baMdhAI to this inscr, and that this king VahatI, jethI arasparasanI bhIDamAM madade AvIne ubhA sisthputra Sri Satkarani is to be rahetA hatA. temAMnA eka prasaMganuM varNana zakAri identified with one of several SatavikramAdityanA vRttAMte ( juo pu. 4 mAM) karavAmAM karnis who appear later in the PurAvyuM paNa che. ane bIjo prasaMga gardabhIlavaMzI anic lists=ekaMdare vizeSa saMbhavita ema lAge che ke vikramacaritranA rAjya amale upasthita thayo hate. myulara sAhebe A zilAlekhano samaya eTale badhe tenuM kAMIka svarUpa jainasAhityamAMthI labdha thAya che. vahele karAvavAmAM bhUla khAdhI che. vaLI pukANakAronI prasaMga ema hatuM ke baMne rAjavaMzIo temanA dharma- nAmAvaLImAM je keTalAka zAtakaraNIo chevaTanA tIrtha zatruMjaya upara-je saurASTramAM AveluM che-tyAM bhAgamAM jaNAvyA che temAMnA ekAdane A vAsiSThaamaka dhArmika kAryanA aMge gayela che. vaLI pu. 1 putra zAtakaraNI tarIke oLakhI zakAze." A pramANe mAM sAbIta karI gayA chIe ke avaMtine A temanA zabdothI sarva sAbita thAya che]. bhisA. nagarIvALo pradeza jainadharma sAthe mukhyatve saMbaMdha dharAvate che. temaja pu. 2 mAM kahevAyuM che ke naM. 5 tathA naM. 6-bane kaherI mauryavaMzI samrATa caMdragupta je paNa jainadharma pALatA bane mAThIputra svAmI zakasenanA che ane hatA. teNe A ja sAMcI Topa naM. 1 nI cAre bAju tene rAjyakALanA 8mAM varSa, grISmaRtunA dazamAM goLAkAre rahela gavAkSamAM dIpamALA pragaTAvavA eka divase ketarAyelA che. ' moTI rakamanuM dAna karyuM che. matalaba ke sAcI ane A mAharIputra vize ke.. A. ke. pArA 36 mAM ane bhisAnagarInI bhUmi jainadharmanA eka prabhAvita vivecana karyuM che je ApaNe AgaLa upara utArIzuM. tIrtharUpa che. eTale A zilAlekhamAM ullekhAya paraMtu te pahelAnA be pArA-naM. 34, 35, mAM temaNe rAjA zAtakaraNi paNa tyAM Avyo hoya ane teNe gautamIputra zAtakaraNi vize kAMIka prakAza ApatuM vA tenI preraNAthI AnaMda nAmanA kArigare majakura vivecana karyuM che te prathama tapAsI jaIe. dAna dIdhuM hoya te banavA thAya che. A pramANe nahapAnA sikkA upara je gautamIputra zItazilAlekhI hakIktane jenasAhitya graMthamAM varNavAyelI karaNie, pitAnuM mahoruM paDAvyuM che. tene nahapAna . (7) jo ke rilAlekhamAM te kaMI kArigare dAna ApyAnuM Ave te kArigara ho; athavA zatakaraNanI preraNAthI ja jaNAvyuM che. paraMtu "zAtakaraNi rAja" evA zabdo che. te dAna devAyuM heya-game tema, paNa phalitArtha e kare jyAre zAtakaraNinuM rAjya te avaMtimAM thayuM ja nathI eTale rahe che ke te samaye te kArigara temaja rAjA zAtakaraNi bane tenA nAmano ullekha karanArane uddeza e che ke, tenA jaNAnI te sthaLe hAjarI hatI.

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paMcama yuoidra ] [* 95 vijetA lekhIne, tenA ja nAmadhArI gaitamIputra vilivAyakunI oLakha ApatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "which cannot be absolutely proved of the great Gautamiputra Satakarni, the conqueror of Nahapana with the Gautamiputra; Vilivayakura of the coins found at Kolhapur...The evi dence of re-struck coins shows that this king was preceded in this district by (1) Vasisthiputra; Vilivayakura, and (2) Mathariputra; Sivalakura= phaeNAlhApuramAMthI maLI AvatA sikkAvALA gItamIputra vikSivAyakura, te ja pelA nahapANu upara jIta meLavanAra ane tema hAya to te be bhinna bhinna vyakti gaNAya. jyAre vAsinniputra viLivAyapura ane mArIputra sivalara nAmanI e vyaktie thaI che. te uparanA banne gaiAtamIputrAnI pUrve thaI che ema mAnavuM rahe che. ATaluM lakhANa pArA 34 mAM che. pachI pArA 35mAM vAsinniputra viLivAyapura vize jaNAve che ke, "his position as predecessor of Mathariputra and Gautamiputra=mAriputra ane gaitamIputranI pUrve' tenuM (vAsinniputra viLivAyakuranuM) sthAna gavuM rahe che. eTale ke, prathama vAsipuitra, pachI mAharIputra ane chelle gAmiputra. ATaluM lakhyA pachI pArA 36 mAMnA mArIputra zakasena (kanherInA zilAlekhavALA) te ja 'Mathariputra Sival If the identification of the Gautami mahAna gaiAtamIputra jJAtakaraNa haze ke kema te saMpUrNakura of the Kolhapur coins=aldApura rIte pUravAra thaI zakatuM nathI......(paraMtu nahupAhunA pradezamAMthI maLI AvatA sikkAvALA mArdariputra maheArA upara) karIne chApa pADela sikkA uparathI sivalakura che, ema jaNAvI pArA 37mAM lakhe che ke, sAkhIta thAya che ke, A pradeza upara (krIne chApa pADela) zaiAtamIputra zAtakaraNa rAjAnI pUrve (1) vAsiSThIputra viLivAyapura ane (ra) mADharIputra sivalakuranI sattA thaI gaI hAvI joIe. " matalaba ke nahupAhunA siSThAcitra sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvanAra gautamIputra paNa judA ane gaiAtamIputra viLivAyakura te paNa judA; A pramANe dhvani nIkaLatA dekhAya che kharA putra Vilivayakura with the great Gautamiputra Satakarani may be assumed, the re-struck coins would prove that he was the successor of Mathariputra=gaiAtamIputra viLivAyakurane jo mahAna gaiAmiputra zAtakaraNa tarIke TharAvIe teA,10 uparA zilAlekhA (9) kharI rIte tene nahapANanA peAtAnA vijetA lekhavAne nathI. paraMtu nahapaNa je kSaharATa jAtineA hateA, nahapANanA maherA upara gautamIputre pAtAnuM maheArUM kAtarAvyuM che: over-struck kahevAya. jyAre A traNe ardhaane jenA rAjye tenA jAmAtR, zarUSabhadatte gautamIputrapatie eka khIjAne maLatA Ave evA ja (jIe ke, mAM, 2. zAMtaraNinA pUrvajone hAra khavarAvI hatI; te prasaMganuM pR. 87, pArA, 70) sikkA paDAvyA che jene resembling vaira vALavA, te kSaharADha ane za jAtinuM nika Mdana gautamIputre kahI zakAya, nahIM ke re-struck; eka rIte re-struck kADhI nAkhyuM hatuM. tenuM mAhAtmya sUcavavA ja, nahapANanA kahevAya, kemake eke je paDAvyA, tenuM anukaraNa khIjAe sikkAne AcchAdita karatuM peAtAnuM maherUM batAvyuM che. AnuM karIne te sikkA pharIne pADavA, AvA arthAMmAM laie te, eTale vana ApaNe, rANIthrI maLazrInA zilAlekhanuM vivaraNa karatI ke overstruck ane re-struck coinsnI sarakhAmaNI vakhate jaNAvIzuM. jIe AgaLa upara na, 17mA AMdhra- karavI te barAbara nathI. chatAM khUkhI e thai che ke, te patinuM vRttAMta, anumAna sAcuM paDayuM che ane tethI ja A vAkaya atre utAravuM paDayuM che. (9) Re-struck=phIne chApa pADela evA atha thAya kharA, paNa temaNe sarakhAmaNI je re-struck coinsnI karI che te ja khATI che, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (10) ahIM je ane teA, eTalA mATe lakhyA che ke uparamAM 74 pArA pramANe temaNe khanne gautamIputrane bhinna www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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zilAlekho [ ekAdazama khaMDa - uparI mahorAno chApavALA sikkAthI sAbIta thAya che ke, tAbenA gevaradhana pradezanA adhikArIne vaijyati gAme te maitamIputra viliyAkura, te mAThariputranI pAchaLa jIta meLavIne paDela lazkaranI chAvaNImAMthI evI gAdIe Avyo che. eTale jo pAro 34, 35, 36 ane matalabanuM pharamAna kare che ke, atyAre pUrve je kSetra 37 nI sarva hakIkatanuM ekIkaraNa karIe te, te cAre nahapANunA jamAI rUSabhadattanI mAlikInuM hatuM te vyaktione anukrama A pramANe Ave che. saithI havethI, trirazmi parvata upara rahetA tapasvIo mATe prathama vAsiddhiputra viLivAyakura, te bAda mADhariputra juduM rAkhavuM." A uparathI ema phalitArtha thAya che zivalakura ane te bAda gautamIputra viLivAyakura urphe ke, pitAnA rAjyakALanA 18mAM varSa pahelAM, gavaradhana mahAna gautamIputra zAtakaraNi. chalA pradeza upara bennAkaTakanA adhipati gautamIputra [ApaNe je vaMzAvaLI dvitIya paricchede ubhI zAtakaraNInI sattA jAmI paDI hatI ja, ane tyAMnA karI batAvI che temAM uparanA traNe rAjAonuM sthAna sUbA upara, je kSetranuM utpanna bIjA upayogamAM aname na. 4 5 ane 17 rAkhyuM che ane je atyAra sudhI levAmAM AvatuM hatuM te havethI trirazmi bane gautamIputrane bhinna gaNavAnuM TharAvAya te uparamAM parvata upara je tapasvIo AtmadhyAnamAM nimagna jaNAvyA pramANe temanA naM. 4, 5, ane 10 naMbara rahe-rahetA-temanA nibhAva mATe upayoga karavAnuM kAyama rAkhI gautamIputrayajJazrI mATe navuM sthAna temaNe pharamAvyuM che. ATale sudhI ame De. repsananA zodhavuM raheze. je aneka hakIkatathI sAbita thAya che mata sAthe saMmata thaIe chIe paNa temaNe je ema ke te naM. 2 vALe aMdhapati hato.] oreloj }?"There can be little doubt in any case, that it indicates the naM. 7-nAsika recent transfer of the government in gautamIputra zAtakaraNi, 18 muM varSa cemAsAnI the Nasik dist. from the Ksaharatas tratunuM bIjuM pakhavADiyuM, prathama divasa. to the Andhras=I paNa rIte zaMkArahita che lekhamAM bIjI aneka vastu samAyelI che. atra ke, nAsika jIllA uparanI hakumata havethI (A ApaNe khapajogInuM vivecana karIzuM temAM "Gauta- karamAna kaDhAyuM tyArathI) kSaharAnA hAthamAMthI nIkaLIne miputra Sri Satkarni, lord of Bena- AMdhranA14 hAthamAM AvI che." eTale kema jANe te kataka in Govardhana sends from bhUmi zAtakaraNinA adhikAramAM hamaNAM tAjetaramAM ja the camp of victory of the army at AvI hoya, tema nathI. paraMtu Lord of the Vaijayanti an order to the effect that Bennakatak in Govardhana=514244H a certain field formerly in the jenI sattA sthapAI cUkI che evA bennATakanA possession of Rsabhadatta (Nahapan's bhUpati gautamIputra'; A zabdathI sUcita thAya che ke, son-in-law) shall be secured to the sattA te keTalAya samaya pUrve temane maLI gaI che. monks of the Tri-rami Mountain= paraMtu majakura kSetranA utpannanA upayogane niveDe bennATakanA adhipati gautamIputra zAtakaraNi, pitAnA AvI rIte karavA pUratuM ja A pharamAna kaDhAyuM che. bhinna lekhagyA che ja, (13) zilAlekhamAM jaNAvela govadhanane prAMta ane (11) A uparathI siddha thAya che ke, rUSabhadattane samaya, trirazima parvata-banenuM sthAna vartamAnakALane nAsika gautamIputra zAtakaraNanI pahelAne gaNa rahe che. sarakhA jIllAmAM AveluM heine, atra nAsika chalo lakhAyuM nIcenI TIkA 14 tathA 26. dekhAya che. (12) ke, A. 2. 2, pR. 48, (14) uparanI TIkA naM. 11 tathA nIcenI TIkA naM. 26,

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= = paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekho eka bIjI hakIkata khAsa jaNAvavAnI ke, nAsikamAM varSa, grISmaRtu, bIjuM pakhavADiyuM, 1bhA divase temaja zilAlekha maLI Avyo che, mATe A jagyA upara ja lekhano bIjo bhAga-24mA varase. jemAsAnI Rtu, zaka ane kSaharATanI sAthe yuddha thayuM hatuM tathA temane cothuM pakhavADIyuM, pamA divase; ema lakhela che. uparanA parAjaya pamADI khAnAkharAbI karI naMkhAI hate ema lekha naM. 7mAM jaNAvela kSetravahivaTanA anusaMdhAnamAM ja samajavAnuM nathI. temaja je sAlamAM A lekha kotarAvyo A lekhanI hakIkata che. ke. A. 2. pra. pR. 48mAM mAM yuddha thayuM hatuM ema paNa lakhavAnuM nathI. De. remsane jaNAve che ke, "This is an order matalaba ke sthAna ane samaya bane parave A lekhane of the king to be communicated to saMbaMdha nathI. sthAna paratve eTaluM ja jaNAvavAnuM ke, je Syamaka, the minister in Govardhana, aMtima yuddha atra thayuM hota to purANakAre kaligabhUmi in the name of the king Gautamiputra upara zAta rAjA sAthe yuddha thayAnuM ane temAM zakarAja and of the king's queen-mother, marAyAnuM tathA nIca, ane adhama zakano saMhAra vaLI whose son is living. The name of this . gayAnuM je lakhyuM che te khoTuM thaI jAta. kharI rIte kaliMga queen, Bala-Sri is known from her bhUminuM yuddha ja cheluM che (juo te mATe naM. 17nA inscription dated in the year, 19th vRttAMte) tema tene samaya paNa I. sa. pU. 57-6ne che. year of the reign of her grandson paraMta yuhane banAva pUro thayo ke tarata ja lekha ketarA- Pulumavi (inscr, no. 13)=Avaradhana pradezanA vavo joIe evo kAMi niradhAra nathI ja. te mATe tene sUbAne Adeza karatuM rAjAne o pharamAna che. rAjasamaya maLavo joIe bIjI aneka rAjadvArI pravRttimAM mAtA, jene putra haiyAta che teNanA, ane rAjA DAvuM thaI jAya eTale te sarvamAMthI phArega thavAya tyAre gAtramIputranA nAmathI (A pharamAna kaDhAyuM che). A ja AvuM dAna devAnuM temaja lekha ketarAvavAnuM sUjhe. rAjamAtAnuM nAma baLathI che, ema teNInA pitra tethI ja teno samaya cAreka varSa Aghe lAyAnuM jaya pulumAvI (juo nIcene lekha naM. 13)nA rAjyakoLe che. A kalpanAnA anumAnane tenA pitAnA zabdothI 19mA varSe kotarAyala lekha uparathI samajAya che. ja majabUtAI maLe che, "teNe bennATakano svAmi hukama upara jaNAvelI sarva hakIkata amAre mAnya che. karamAve che." evA zabdo je lakhAvyA che tethI spaSTa kevaLa je traNacAra mudA khAsa dhyAna kheMcavA gya thai jAya che ke, govaradhana prAMtaupara tene svAmitva che tenI carcA karIzuM. pharamAna karanAra rAjA gAtamIkeTalAya vakhata agAuthI prApta thaI gayuM hatuM. temaja putra ane tenI mAtA baLazrI che. uparAMta lakhyuM che ke anya sthAnethI vijayanI chAvaNImAMthI beThA beThA hukama tene putra hayAta che. eTale ema sAra nIkaLe che ke kADhe che eTale bIjI pravRttimAM pite joDAye hato rANI baLazrIne be putro hatA, jemAM eka gItamItenI paNa pratitI thaI jAya che. A pramANe naM 7nA putra gAdIpati che ane bIjo putra to che, paNa te gAdIe lekhane tathA temAM darzAvelI sAlane, zaka prajAnA nika nathI, paraMtu haiyAta che. te gautamIputra karatAM moTe paNa dana-sthAnane tathA samayane, lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI. che 5 chatAM game te kAraNasara lekha ketarAvatI vakhate (gautamIputranA rAjyanA 24mA varase) gAdI upara naM. 8-nAsika birAjamAna thayela nathI;16 bake jeNe 24 varasa gautamIputra zAtakaraNine, potAnA rAjya, 24mAM pahelAM gAdI tyAga karI dIdho hovAthI A nAne (15) je nAnA putra heta che, teno ullekha karavAnI (16) A mATe putra zA mATe gAdI upara nathI AvyA bIlakula jarUra rahetI nahIM; athavA jarUra paData te bIjA te hakIkata mATe tenuM jIvanavRttAMta juo. koI zabda vaparAya heta. 13

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zilAlekha [ ekAdarAma khaMDa putra gautamIputra zAtakaraNi gAdIe beThA che. A lekha parantu tenuM rAjya tarata samApta thAya che ema uparanA photarAvyA pachI rAjA gautamIputra keTalAM varSa jIvya pArigrAphamAM lakhI gayA chIe eTale pitAnA rAjahaze te spaSTa thatuM nathI. paraMtu tenA nAmane samaya nagarathI beThA beThA athavA AkharI maMdavADamAM dharmAdA ni na karo koI bIjo zilAlekha ke sikko maLI tarIkenA dAna mATe19 te hukama pAThavyA haze ema AvatA nathI, eTale jema vidvAnoe TharAvyuM che tema samajAya che. vaLI A anumAnane De. te bAda thoDA samaye ja (ane AgaLa upara jaizuM resananA zabdothI samarthana maLe che. teo lakhedeg ke temaja banavA pAmyuM che, tenuM maraNu nIpajyuM hatuM che ke " it is quite possible that some ema mAnI levuM rahe che. te bAda rANI baLathIne cause, such as failure of health pautra rAjA pulumAvI gAdIe Avyo che ane in his later years, may have led to tenA rAjyakALa 19mA varase, nIce lakhelA zilAlekha the association of queen Bala-Sri in naM. 13nI hakIkata banI che, je khuda rANI baLazrIe the governmenttaddana saMbhavita che ke, tenI svapreraNAthI18 tirAvI dekhAya che. (rAjA gautamIputranI) jidagInA pAchalA varSomAM, banne . 7 ane . 8 lekhanuM sthaLa nAzika ja bagaDatI tabiyata jevA koI kAraNane lIdhe rAjyache ane hukama pharamAvanAra paNa baMnemAM rAjA gautamIputra vahIvaTamAM rANIzrI baLathInI sahAya levI paDI haze." zAtakaraNa ja che. chatAM je vastu samajavA jevI rahe che. rUmsananA uparanA vAkayamAMnA prathamArtha sAthe ame che te nIce pramANe che. naM. 7mAM, rAjA pote vaijayaMti maLatA thaIe chIe, paraMtu uttarArdha sAthe saMmata thaI gAme mukAma nAMkhI paDela che ane tyAMthI govaradhana nathI zakatA, kemake rANI baLazrIe rAjavahIvaTa prAMtanA pitAnA adhikArIne hukama kare che eTale pitAnA hAthamAM lIdhAnuM anya pramANa maLatuM nathI. spaSTa thAya che ke, te samaye rAjA pite paNa laDAInI kadAca ema kahevAmAM paNa Ave ke "whose son doravaNI karatA hatA. temaja, je sthAne lekha ketA is living' zabda, jIvaMta rAjAnI TUMkI thatI hoya tyAM kotaratI vakhate rAjAnI upasthiti hovI ja jatI jIvanadorInA, aMtima samayasucaka che. eTale joIe ema nizcitapaNe mAnI levAnuM nathI. rAjAnuM rAjyavahIvaTa calAvavA mATe kausila jevuM kAMI taMtra nAma te mAtra sattAdhikAra sUcavavA pUratuM ja hoya che. nImyuM hoya ne temAM rANI baLazrIne sAmela rAkhI naM. 7no samaya rAjyakALanA 14mA varSano che jyAre hoya. paraMtu A bemAMthI eke kAraNuM saMbhavita naM. no samaya 24mA varSane che. benI vacce 6-7 lAgatuM nathI. kAraNa ke jIvaMta rAjA pratye-udezIne varSanuM aMtara che. naM. 7mAM jaNAvela hukama choDatI je te zabda vaparAyA heta te, vAkayanI racanA ja vakhate rAja vaijyatimAM beTho che jyAre naM. 8mAne karI gaI hota.21 vaLI keMsila jevuM taMtra ja Adeza karatI vakhate pote kyAM che te jaNAyuM nathI. nImavAnI jarUra nahatI, kAraNa ke kumAra pulumAvI (17) eTale A gautamIputrano putra, ke uparamAM jaNAvela (19) jema hiMduomAM atyAre, maraNa samaye gharmAdA meTAputrano putra, te hato eTale tapAsavuM rahe che. paraMtu je devAne rivAja che tema te samaye paNa haze ema samajAya saMyogomAM "haiyAta putra" ane bIjI hakIktano ullekha che, kemake A hukama kADhayA pachI taratamAM tenuM maraNu nIpajyuM thayo che tathA rAja gautamIputranuM maraNa tarata ja thayuM che te che. A hukama tenI mAe, rAjAnA nAmathI kADhayAnuM je badhuM jotAM, pelA meTA haiyAta putrane ja putra gAdIe lakhyuM che te A anumAnane samarthana kare che. AvyA che ema samajavuM rahe che. (20) ke, A. 2. pra. pR. 48. " (18) A lakhavAnA kAraNa mATe AgaLa juo, (21) jemake Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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paMcama pariccheda 1 je gautamaputranI pAchaLa gAdIpati thayA che te pAte pukhta uMmaranA hatA temaja te nisaMzaya vAMrasadora paNa TharI cUkayA ja hatI. A sarve hakIkata tenA vRttAMtathI jANavAmAM Avaze. AvA saMjogane lIdhe ja A samaye rAjavahIvaTamAM kAI prakArane khAsa hisso rANI khaLazrIe lIdhA hovAnA amAre InkAra karavA pAce che tathA teNe ja svapreraNAthI te hukama kaDhAvyA hAya ema lakhavuM paDayuM che. ane tethI ja teNIe In the name of king Gautamiputra rAjA gautamIputranA nAmera evA zabda vAparyAM che, je ApaNA anumAnane samarthana Ape che. zilAlekha na. Ta--kAle rAjA gautamIputra zAtakaraNaneA, peAtAnA rAjye 18 mA varSe`, cAmAsAnI RtumAM, ceAthu' pakhavADiyuM ane prathama divase. " gAmanI bakSIsanuM te kramAne che. bhAvAya saMbaMdhI amAre kaI lavaleza sUcavavAnuM nathI. naM. 7 mAM lakhela pharamAna pachI e ja pukhavADiye-eka mahine--A naM. 9nuM kramAna che, eTale tene| Adeza paNu vaijayaMti mukAmethI nIkaLyeA hateA ema samajavAnuM che ane te pramANe ja sarve vidyAnAnuM mAnavuM thayuM che. jyAM amArA mataphera thAya che te mATe nIcenI sUcanA karIe chIe. eTaluM tA spaSTa che je ke, naM. 7 nuM sthaLa nAsika ane naM. 9 nuM kAle che. anne jo ke pAse che, paraMtu te samaye te bannenA samAveza bhinna bhinna nAmanA prAMtamAM karAtA hatA. nAsikavALA prAMtanuM nAma geAvaradhana ane kAle nu mAmADhe jaNAvyuM che. mAmAne khale mAmAla paNa vaMcAyuM che athavA kaheA ke, kAtarAyala akSarAmAM kAMIka pheraphAra dekhAyA che (pachI te pheraphAra mULathI ja cAlo AvyA che ke RtunI asarathI nIpajyA che, ke kArigaranA hathiyAranI cAlAkInuM pariNuAma che, te nirALA prazna che). paraMtu akSaranA ukelamAM AvA aneka prakAranI guMcA naDatI hovAthI amArUM ema anumAna thAya che ke, mAmADane sthAne manoDa (jema hAlamAM te pradeza pAse manamADa gAme, jI. Ai. pI nuM manamADa jaMkazana che tema) haraze, tathA valUrakanI zukAne sthAne ApaNe jene ileArA"nI guphkta kahIe chIe tevuM sthAna sUcavatA kAI zabda haze. A zabda sUcavavAnuM khAsa prayAjana e che ke, rAjA gautamIputra dAnakartA che. dAnaneA hetu guphAmAM rahetA tapasvI muni ane RSionA upa kArArthanA che, vaLI rAjA pAte jainadharmI che (jue tenuM varNana ane sikkAcitrA) temaja kAle ane leArAnI guphAomAM jainasaMpradAyane lagatAM dazya kAMtarAyalAM te lekhanI matalaba A pramANe che.27 " It places on record an edict sent to the minister in charge of Mamada (line 1) or Mamala (line 2), no doubt the name of the Ahara in which Karle was situated...The edict grants to the monks living in the caves of Valaraka the village of Karajaka in the Mamala district=mAmADa (paMkti 1) ke mAmAla (paMkti 2) upara adhikAra bhogavatA pradhAnane karAyala hukamanI temAM teAMdha che; je-jIllAmAM kAle AvyuM che tenuM ja kharekhara A (mAmA) nAma che-valurakanI guphrAmAM vasatA tapasvIone mAmAla jIllAmAM AvelA karajakara4 (a) In the name of the king Gautamiputra, but by the queen-mother or by king's mother.=gautamIputranA nAme paNa rAjamAtAe athavA rAjAnI mAe. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (b) whose son is livingjenA putra haiyAta che. AvA zabdo lakhavAnI ja jarUra na hrAta; mAtra (a) vALA [ a zabdo ja puratA che. (22) A zabdo batAve che ke kausalanA vahIvaTa nahAtA ja. (27) kA, AM. raeN. pra. pR. 49, (24) jI. Ai. pI. relavenuM hAlanuM karajata sTezana vALuM sthAna haze ke ? www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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100 ] adyaparyaMta jaLavAi rahelAM najare paDe che. AvAM anekavidha kAraNathI upara jaNAvyA pramANe sUcane karavAM paDe che. lipi vizArA A upara lakSa Apaze evI vinaMti che. zilAlekhA [ ekAdazama khaDa lAkha dravya kharacIne kRSNA nadInA kinAre ennAtaTanagare je mahAcaitya prasAda baMdhAvyA hatA ( vizeSa hakIkata mATe jIe pu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta) te samajavAne che. adyaparyaMta AnI eLakha kAI vidvAne ApyAnuM amArA jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. pu. 4mAMnuM vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate ame je anumAna doryuM hatuM te paNu sadhaLI paristhitithI vAk thaIne svataMtra rIte ja deryuM hatuM. amArA te anumAnane ahIM varNavelA A amarAvatI stUpanA zilAlekhathI samarthana maLe che eTale have te hakIkata, satyaghaTanA tarIke puravAra thAya che, erissA sarakAra taraphathI kaligadezanA ItihAsane lagatuM pustaka hAla je lakhAI rahyuM che tenA vidvAna saMpAdaka DaoN. pAMDayAe, samrATa khAravelanA caritra ane hAthIcuMphrAnA lekha upara avanavA prakAza pADace che temaNe amane A bAbata e eka patra lakhyA hatA parantu A purAvA tyAM sudhI amane maLI AvyeA nahAtA. eTale amArA pu. 4nuM lakhANa joI levA vinaMti ja mAtra karI hatI.paraMtu A lekhathI have sAbita thayuM ke rAjA zAtakaraNi vasiSThaputra ane kaliMgapati eka ja saMpradAyanA hatA-eTale ke banne jainadharma pALatA hatA. A hakIkata zAtakaraNionA sikkAethI paNa puravAra thaI che. amarAvatI stUpate naM. 10--amarAvatI vasiSThaputra svAmIzrI pulumAvI; varSanI sAla (jIe te viSaya)27 atyAra sudhI bauddhadharmanA smAraka bhUMsAi gai che. tarIke lekhAvAya che te bhUlabhareluM che; temaja A amarAvatI urphe ennAtaTanagaranI (jIe uparamAM) jAheAjalAlI I. sa. nI prathama sadI sudhI tA jaLavAI rahelI dekhAya che. have eka muddo-ane te bAda A lekhanI vigata baMdha karIzuM. vidvAna lekhake je jaNAvyuM che ke, "The present edict was also issued by Gautamiputra Satakarni as a result of his victory over Nahapan=nahapANu upara vijaya meLavyAnA same ja gaiAtamIputra zAtakaraNie vartamAna pharamAna paNu kADhayuM hatuM." matalaba OM naM. 7 ane naM. 9nA lekhA nahapANune pa jItyAbAda tarata kAtarAvyAnuM teo mAne che. kharI hakIkata tema nathI. nahapANu ta kayAranA marI paNa gayA che. te khAda keTalAMya varSe tenI kSaharATa prajA upara A zAtakaraNae jIta meLavI che, ke jenA smAraka tarIke te lekha kAtarAvyA che. eTale ke rATa napANu uparanI jIta nathI, paraMtu te je prajAnA hatA tevI kSaharATa ane tene maLatI anya prajA upara jIta meLavI hatI ema lekhavAnuM che. Records a gift to the Amravati Top { line 2; mahacitya=the great caitya ]= amarAvatI TApane bakSIsa ApyAnI noMdha che (paMkti ra, mahAcitya=mahA caitya). lekha vize noMdhavA jevuM nathI. ahIM je mahAcaityane akSIsa ApavAnuM lakhyuM che, te kaliMgapati khAravele hAthIguMphAnA lekhamAM jaNAvyA pramANe 35 (25) sarakhAve| uparanI TIkA na'. 14 tathA 26. (26) A bannenA samaya (temanA vRttAMte jue) sarakhAvavAthI khabara paDaze. [nahapANunuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 74 mAM che; ane gautamI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat naM. 11--12 nAsika banne vasiSThapatra svAmIzrI pulumAvInA che pahelAmAM khIjuM varSa, ziyALAnuM cothuM pakhavADiyuM, chaThTho (AThama) putra zAtakaraNinI chata i. sa. pU. 52-53 mAM che. kadAca tethI paNa kSetraNa varSe AgaLanI che; eTale e vacce lagabhaga 20-22 varSInuM aMtara che ]. (27) sarakhAvA pu. 1, pR. 312 TIkA na. 78, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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paMcama pariracheda ]. zilAlekha [ 101 divasa. tathA bIjAmAM cha varSa, unALAnuM pAMcamuM vizvasanIya mAhitIrUpa gaNAya tema che. te vize che. 5khavADiyuM (pahele) divasa. - resana lakhe che ke "This is an inscription A banne lekha vize khAsa lakhavA jevuM nathI. of Queen Gautamiputra Bala-sri, the d. 99H1 7917481 242 yuhuld evvel Bor417 mother of Gautami Sri-Satakarni naM. 12mAM zrI alamArI che. paraMtu A karakAre kAMi and the grandmother of Pulumari, etihAsika hakIkatane sparza karatA nathI eTale te the Lord of Deccan...It records the upara carcAnI jarUra nathI. donation of a cave by Queen Bala Sri to the Buddhist monks of the naM. 13-nAsika Bhadavaniya school dwelling on mount vAsiSThIputra zrI pulumAvI. 19 muM varSa, unALAnuM Trirasmi, and of the gift of Pulumavi bIjuM 5khavADiyuM, ane tera divasa. of the village of 'Pisajipadaka' for its A zilAlekha ati mahattvapUrNa che. kAraNa ke temAM support=autamIputra zrI zAtakaraNinI mA, ane gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA tathA tenI pAchaLa gAdIe dakSiNApathezvara 28 pulumAvInI pitAmahI-dAdI, rANI besanAra vAsichiputra zAtakaraNinA jIvana upara khUba gatamI baLazrIno A lekha che. temAM trIrazmi khUba prakAza paDe che ane te paNa te banenI aMtaranI zaMga upara rahetA 'bhadAyanIya saMpradAyavALA boddha32 sagI thatI eka vyakti taraphathI kAtarAyala che eTale sAdhuone rANI baLazrI taraphathI guphAnI bheTa apAyAnI. (28) dakSiNApathezvara ane dakSiNApatimAM zuM phera che, Abhira ane trika rAjAonuM vRttAMta.zrIbhadrabAhu pachI dasamI kANa moTuM gaNAya tenI carcA mATe AgaLa upara agiyAramA peDhIe thayela prIvAsvAminuM svarga gamana (juo nIcenI pariccheda juo. TIkAnaM. 37) tathA te bAda thayela keTalAka AcAryone vihAra (29) jaina sAhityamAM "rANAzrI baLazrI"nI sabhAmAM pradeza A trirasima parvata samajAya che ane tethI ja te (ka. sU. sa. TI. pU. 128) ke rAjadarabAramAM amuka vAda samaye jaina matAnuyAyIo A sthAnane pavitra gaNI ati thaye evA ullekha Ave che. te rANAne ane A rANI- mahatva ApatA ' mAtA baLIne samaya lagabhaga eka Ave che. ane A (bhadrabAhu ane temanI peDhI mATe nIcenuM vRkSa ane te jaina matAnuyAyI, prabaLa bhAvanAzALI ane lAgavaga dharAvatI pahelAMnI peDhI mATe pu. 2, pR. 30, TI. naM. 126 juo) vyaktinA sAnidhyamAM carcA thAya te paNa sugya lAge che. (31) rAjA zAtakaraNine dhama jaina che, eTale A hAla to ATalI sUcanA karI, vizeSa saMzodhana upara te "bhadAyanIya' zabda paNa tenA dharmane lagatI kai zAkhAne ja hakIktane choDI devI rahe che. saMbhave che. se. bu. I. pu. 22 mAM Ane lagatA nAma (30) cArathI caMdragupta samrATa dIkSA laIne, temanA pre. kebIe ApyAM che te juo. jaina vidvAno A gurU zrIbhadrabAhu sAthe dakSiNamAM vihAra karI gayA che, tyArathI bAbata tapAsa kare evI vinaMti che. athavA tenA ukelamAM A godAvarI ane kaNa nadInA muLavALA pArvatIya kAMi heraphera thaI hoya te te tapAsI jevuM rahe che. amane pradezamAM, jena sAdhuonI sthiti vizeSa thavA mAMDI che. koI jAtanI mAhitI na hovAthI koI cokkasa karI tethI ja jainadhamI nahapAnuM ane rUSabhada, jIne, paiThaNa, zaktA nathI. nAsika, kaherI Adi temanAM tIrthadhAmathI bharacaka evA (32) vidvAnoe pitAnI mAnyatA pramANe bauddha A pradeza meLavavA vAraMvAra yuddho khelyAM che. vaLI sarakhAvo zabda ja vAparye rAkhe che. vAMcakone have dhIme dhIme khAtrI caturtha paricchede rAjagAdInA sthAnavALI hakIkatanuM varNana thatI jatI haze ke, te zabdamAM pheraphAra karavAnI jarUriyAta tathA pu. 4, 5, 217nI hakIta tathA 5, 3nA aMte ubhI thatI jAya che.

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102 ]. zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa tathA tenA nibhAva mATe pisAjIpadaka' nAme33 gAmaDuM lekhanA hArda vize ATalI sAmAnya carcA karIne pralumAvIe bakSIsa ApyAnI noMdha karI che." ATaluM have tenI aitihAsika bAju tarapha vaLIzuM. Do. lakhIne pranyakartAe, rANIbaLazrInA putra gautamIputranA resana jaNAve che ke, "The great historical putra tarIke vAsiddhiputra zrI pulumAvIne jaNAvato kaThe importance of the inscription consists batAvyo che. paraMtu ApaNe AgaLa upara sAbita in the information which it gives as karIzuM ke vasiSThaputra te gautamIputrane putra nathI. paraMtu to the extent of Gautamiputra's tenA moTAbhAIne putra eTale bhatrIjo thAya che. dominion and the events of his reign= bAkI rANI baLazrIne patra thate te vAta te barA- te lekhanuM mahAna aitihAsika mahatva, maitamIputranA bara ja che. bIjI hakIkata e che ke, jyAM tyAM sAdhuo rAjyanA vistArane lagatI tathA tenA rAjyanA anya ane tapasvIo mATe koI gAma (gAmaDAnI pedAza) banAvane lagatI je mAhitI temAM apAI che tene paNa sAthe sAthe bakSIsa ApyAnI je vAta zilA- lIdhe che. A paratve pitAnA vicAra saMkSiptamAM lekhamAM vicArapUrvaka jaNAvavAmAM Ave che te (pra. pR. 31, pAri 4ra juo) jaNAvI dIdhA che ke, sAbitI Ape che ke, prAcIna samaye rAjakartAo In Queen Bala-Sri's inscription GaupitAnA dharma pratye kevAM prema-kALajI ane dhagaza tamiputra is styled king of the dharAvatA hatA (pu ramAM sikkA prakaraNe darzAvelI hakI- following countries -Asika, Asaka, kata sAthe sarakhAvo). tema e paNa spaSTa thatuM jAya Mulaka, Suratha, Kukura, Aparanta che ke, pUrvakALe RSimunIo ke AtmacintanArthe Anupa,Vidarba,Akara,Avanti (p. xxxiii); talasatA abhyarthIjane, vasatImAM-saMsAramAM rahelA Gautamiputra is further styled lord manuSyanA saMsargamAM nahetA rahetA paNu girizikharo ane of the following mountains:-Vindhya, gAkA jevA ekAMta ane nirjana sthaLAmAM ja rahe. Rksvat or Resa Paripatra, Sahyadris, vAnuM pasaMda karatA hatA tathA temane nibhAvavA Krishnagiri, Maca, Sristana, Malaya, mATeno bojo vasatI ke prajA upara nahIM paNuM rAjya Mahendra, Setagiri and Cakora=rANI upara ke rAjakartA upara ja rahetA hatA. baLazrInA zilAlekhamAM nIce jaNAvela pradezanA (8) dina 45347017 (1) bI bhadrabAhu ma. sa. 156 thI 170 (2) sthUlibhadra 170-215=45 (9) siMhagiri 470-548=78 (Aca)mahAgiri () (Aya suhasti 15-245=30 245-29247 (samrATa priyadarzinanA gurU) (10) veja 548-584=I. sa. 21 thI 57=36= (cakAri vikramAditya tathA tenA pachI traNa rAjAnA samakAlina; janma i. sa. pU. 31) (33) nIceno zilAlekha naM. 14 juo, (34) jainadharmanA tIrthakaronA mokSasthAne paNa A kAraNathI ja pArvatIya pradezamAM AvyAM samajavAM (jIe pu. 1 pR. 76 TI. naM. 13 tathA sarakhA pu. 2 mAM priyadarinanA khaDaka lekhavALAM sthaLa. (35) ke. . re. 2. pR. 50. (36) A pradezanA tathA parvatanAM keTalAMka nAma bhU (pa-1) (Arya)susthi ane (Arca)supratibaddha (bane maLI 292 thI 37684). (7) idrani 376-4pa3=00

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[ 103 paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekha rAjavI tarIke maitamIputrane saMbo che-asika, sent the extent of his empire, the asaka, azvaka), mULaka, surata (sArASTra) kukara, aparAMta, names of the mountains mentioned anUpa, vidabha (vidarbha), AkAra, avaMti (pra. pR. 33 more adequately vindicate his claim juo) te uparAMta gautamIputrane nIcenA parvatane svAmI to be called the Lord of the Daccar hevAnuM paNa jaNAvyuM che; vidhyA, rUkSavata,77 urphe rUkSa, (Daksipapathapati)' the heriditary title pAripAtra, sahyAddhi, kRSNagiri38, maca, zrIstana, malaya, of the Satavahana dynasty=jeke lekhamAMnAM mahendra, seDhagiri (tagiri ke zreSThagiri) ane cAra." sthaLonAM nAmo uparathI gautamIputre meLavela chanI 39 A pramANe lakhIne potAne svataMtra abhiprAya darzAvatA noMdha nIkaLe che ane te uparathI koI paNa rIte heya tevA udagAra (juo pR. 36) kADhe che ke "While tenA sAmrAjyanuM mApa:deg nIkaLI zakatuM nathI, chatAM the place-names in the inscription je potAnAM nAmane nirdeza karAyo che te uparathI thus merely record the conquests of to tene je dakSiNApathapati (ke je upanAma zAtavahana Gautamiputra and in no way repre- vaMzanuM ja che) kahevAmAM Ave che te dAvo vizeSa spaSTa goLamAM jANItA che ane keTalAMka saMzodhana mAge che. ghaNAnI bhajavatAM, pitAnA mitra evA gabhIlavaMzI bhUpationI oLakha pu. 2 mAM priyadarzinanA vaNane sudarzana taLAvanI kumake rahIne laDayo che eTale teno yaza ane bhUprApti prazastimAM, tathA pu. 4 mAM rUdradAmananA vRttAMtamAM apAI lAbha, te gabhInA nAme caDAvAya che (jAo pu. 4mAM gaI che tyAMthI joI levI. temanuM vRttAMta. A vaMzanA ane gardabhIlavaMzI sikkAomAM bAkI je upayogI nathI te mUkI dIdhAM che. tema keTa. avaMtinuM cross & balls vALuM cinha paNa A kAraNane lAkanI mAhitI maLatI nathI athavA te zaMkAya che. lIdhe ja che, tathA saurASTranI bhUmimAMthI gautamIputranA (7) ka. sa. su. 1300-pate eTale vajasUri (juo upara sikkAo je maLI Ave che te tathA sAMcI stupa upara TI. naM. 30) sAthe rahelA sAdhunI sAthe rathAvarta parvata upara zAtakaraNine lekha paNa A kAraNane lIdhe che. juo uparamAM jaI anazana karI devaloke gayA (sepAraka nagaramAM pote lekha naM. 4nuM varNana; te sarva A sthitinI sAbitIrUpa sthiti karI rahyA hatA tenA anusaMdhAnamAM uparanuM vAkya samajavuM.) sarakhA nIce TI. 40. uccArAyuM che. eTale ke tyAMthI pote rathAvarta parvata upara (40) upara nirdiSTa thayela sthaLanAM-pradezanAM nAmo jegayA che. jethI samajavuM rahe che ke, A parvata sopAraka nArane te turata lAgaze ja ke tenuM sAmrAjya uttara hiMdamAM nagaranI bahu najIkamAM haze. vaLI rAjA hAla zAlivAhananA paNa vistareluM hovuM joie, chatAM tema nathI banavA pAmyuM te vRttAMta tenI dhArmika pravRttivALA pArigrAphe juo. mATe ja A udgAre sAkSIrUpa samajavA. (uparanI TIma (38) ko. A, 2, pR. 33 -The Black Moun- 39 sarakhAvo). tain, which is mentioned in the Kanheri insc- (41) AkhA zAtavAhana vaMzanuM temaNe kahI dIdhuM che te ription and from which, no doubt Kanheri vyAjabI nathI. Ama belavAne temaNe je ke kAraNa batAvyuM che takes its name=kALAparvata, jenuM kaherI lekhamAM varNana che. uparanA lekha naM. 1, tathA A naM. 13 nA lekhamAM te apAyuM che (juo A. sa. ke. IM. 5.5, pR. 79 TI. naM. zabda vaparAya che, tema pulumAvI vAsiSThaputranA saMbaMdhamAM 15 tathA pR. 84 TI. 24) ane je uparathI kaherInuM nAma dakSiNapathezvara paNa vaparAya che. paraMtu kharI hakIkata e (juo nIce zilAlekha naM. 22) paDayuM hoya ema zaMkArahita che ke, naM 1 ane 13vALA zAtavAhana vaMzIo tevA parAkramI lAge che. thayA hatA temaja temanA sAmrAjyane vistAra paNa AkhA uparanI TIkA naM. 30nI hakIkata sAthe sarakhAve. dakSiNa hiMdamAM prasarI rahyo hato ane tethI ja mAtra be (39) ekarIte kahIe to A jIte teNe meLavI paNa cAra jaNAne ja te upanAma ApI zakAya tema che, nahIM ke kahevAya, paraMtu te laDAImAM teNe svataMtrapaNe bhAga nahIM dareke darekane.

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104 ] zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa paNe dekhAI Ave che." noMdhAvA paDe tema che. (1) prathama to pulumAvI te vaLI AgaLa jatAM pAri. 45mAM vasiSThaputra zAta- gautamIputrane putra (upara TI. na. 17 tathA pR. 97nI karaNinI kArakIrdinuM varNana karatAM kahe che ke "Gau- hakIkata) nathI 5Nu bhatrIje thAya che. paraMtu te muddo tamiputra Sri-Satakarni, was succeed- kAMI gaMbhIra nathI. (2) pulumAvIne rAjya te lagabhaga ed by his son Vasisthiputra Sri-Pu- 65 varSa sudhI cAlyuM che (juo vaMzAvaLI) paratu lamavi who is known to have required ahIM eAchAmAM ochuM 24 varSa44 cAlyAnuM jANuMfor at least 24 years... whom Rudra- vAyuM che eTale ApaNe khAsa virodha u daman (inscr, dated Saka 72=A.D.150) prayojana nathI ja. bAkI gautamIputra zAtakaraNine twice in fair fight completely defeated. rAjyakALa 24 varSe pUro thayo hato eTale satya che. It is significant that in this inscription (3) rUdradAmane be vakhata harAvyAnI vAta-sudarzananA the terrtorial titles which Gautamiputra taLAvanI prazasti uparathI upajAvI kADhI che. 5. 2. won by his conquests are not inherited pR. 39-7 ane pu. 4mAM pR. 200thI 169 sAbita by his son who is simply styled 'Lord karI gayA pramANe te sarva hakIkata to samrATa priyaof the Deccan (Daksinapathesvara)= darzinanI yazagAthArUpe lakhAI che. rUdradAmanane temAM gautamIputra zrI zAtakaraNinI pachI teno putra saMbaMdha nathI. vaLI te prazastimAM ke. . re.nA vasiSThaputra zrIpulumAvI gAdIe beThe che. teNe ochAmAM utArAmAM 72nI sAlane AMka paNa nathI paraMtu mULa ochuM 24 varSa rAjya karyuM che-jene be vakhata khullA e. I. pu. 8mAM che. eTale ke temaNe te rUdradAmananA yuddhamAM saMpUrNapaNe rUdradAmane harAvyo hate (zilAlekhanI anya lekhamAMnA AMka sAthe ghaTAvIne lakhI dIdhI che sAla zaka kara=I. sa. 150). khAsa noMdhavAlAyaka chatAM rUdradAmananI haiyAtine te samaya heIne ApaNe che ke pote meLavela chatane lIdhe gautamIputre je svIkArI laIzuM. paraMtu rUdradAmanano samaya I. sa. 150 upanAmo birada-prApta karyA hatAM te A zilAlekhamAM nathI teno samaya to pacIsa varSa moDe che (juo pu. 4 tenA putrane lagADavAmAM AvyAM nathI, tene to mAtra tenuM vRttAMta) te temanA jaNAvyA pramANe pelA grIka dakSiNapathezvara ja kahIne saMbodhe che. bhUgoLavettA TolemIne cakaNanA samakAlIna tarIke gaNa- . uparanA kathanamAM aneka hakIkatane virodha ApaNe vAthI sAbita karI zakAya che. chatAM itihAsamAM jyAM ' (42) A nAmavALI vyaktione naM 17 ane naM 18 me nathI karate, ghaNAM nAme ekaThA karavAthI je vistAra dhArIne lakhANuM karyuM che. paraMtu have ApaNane mAhitI maLI bane, tenA karatAM ye ghaNe meTe vistAra kevaLa eka nAmathI rahI che ke, eka nAmanI aneka vyaktio thaI che to pachI paNa sUcavI zakAya che. naM. 17ne badale na. 24 ke 26 kAM na hoya temaja naM. 18 vaLI dakSiNapati ane dakSiNApathezvara vacceno bheda ne sthAne 25 ke 29 kAM na hoya. (sarakhA nIcenI koIe ukelI batAvyo nathI eTale temanI sarakhAmaNI TIkAo naM.43 tathA 44) je ke rUdradAmanane lagatI hakIkata te asthAne che (sarakhAvo uparanI TIkA 42 tathA nIcenI naM.44) nIpajAvI kADhelI have puravAra thaI che eTale atre je vicAro (44) 24 varSa che eTale ahIM naM. ra6neja lekhavAne darzAvAyA che te bahu mahattvanA nathI karatA. naM. 17, 18nA che, vaLI naM. 24, 25 ane 26vALAmAM paNa gautamIputra jIvanacaritre karela vivecanathI spaSTa thaI jAya che ke, A vAsiSThaputra ema, kaI uparano ke kAI pAchaLane che, te ja naM. 13 ne lekha naM. 17, 18 nA AMdhrapatine AzrayIne ja pramANe naM. ra7, 28 ane rahanuM paNa che. vaLI te sarvene lakhAyala che. samaya caThaNa ane rUdradAmananA samasamI tarIke paNa che. (43) ghaNAM nAmevALA prAMtanI jIta meLavI tethI te eTale ke kANu, te nakkI karavuM jarA muzkela che.

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paMcama paricheda ]. zilAlekho [ 105 ekasAInuM tattva na hoya tyAM 25-30 varSanuM aMtara . 14nAzika . . calAvI laI zakAya tevuM gaNAya che. te hisAbe rUdra- - vasiSThIputra zrI pulumAvI, rAjyanA raramA varSe dAmanane samaya I. sa. 150ne kabUla rAkhatAM paNa unALAnuM (?) pakhavADiyuM sAtame divasa.. . . . vastusthitine meLa khAya tema nathI. kemake A vasiSTra- This is a continuation of the last putra zAtakaraNinuM maraNa ja (juo vaMzAvaLI) rUdradA- Pulumavi the Lord of Navanagar mananA samaya pahelAM lagabhaga so varSa upara thaI gayuM (Navanara-Swami) sends an order to che. eTale tenI sAthe yuddhamAM utaravAnI kalpanA ja his minister in Govardhana that the vaMdhyAputra jevI kahevAya. rUdradAmanane dakSiNanA svAmI village of Sudasana" (Skti Sudarsana) evA AMdhrapati sAthe yuddhamAM utaravuM paDayuM che, paNa given to the monks on the date mente vyakti ja anya che. matalaba ke Akheryo rUdradAmanane tioned in the lastinscription shall be ex 45 tadana upekSA karavA yogya che. (4) sauthI changed for the village of 'Samalipada vizeSa vAMdhA paDatI bAbata have Ave che. gautamIputrane "Sudarsana must therefore be another rANIzrI baLazrIe dakSiNApathapati (ke. AM. re. pR. 36; name of the village of Pisajipadakas tathA uparamAM pR. 10) ane vasiSThaputrane dakSiNApathe. chellA (lekha)nA anusaMdhAnamAM A lekha che. navara zvara (ke A re. pR. 38; tathA uparamAM pR. 104) kahIne svAmika7 -navanarapati athavA nagarapati) goradhane saMbodhe che. A baMne zabdomAM dakSiNApatha sAmAnya zabda prAMtanA potAnA sUbAne pharamAve che ke, AgaLaje che uparAMta ekamAM pati ane bIjAmAM Izvara zabda lekhamAM darzAvelI mitie sAdhuone je sudarzana gAma samAsarUpe joDavyA che. pati zabdathI kevaLa svAmitva apAyuM che tene badale sAmalIpada gAma have ApavuM. sacavAya che jyAre Izvara zabdathI mAlikI, moTAI, te uparathI samajAya che ke, pIsAjIpadakanA gAmaDAnuM caDiyAtApaNuM batAvavA uparAMta pUjyabhAva paNa darzAvAya bIjuM nAma sudarzana hevuM joIe. * che. matalaba ke dakSiNApathapati karatAM dakSiNapathezvarane AmAM pIsAchapadaka (jue ne. 13no lekha)nuM hAdo ghaNA prakAre caDhiyAto che, chatAM ke. A. re.nA bInuM nAma sudarzana hatuM ema spaSTapaNe samajAya che. vidvAna lekhake utarate46 gaNAvyo che. samajAya che te uparAMta je ApaNe carcA karavA yogya muddo che te ke A samAsano artha rUdradAmananI hakIkata sAthe meLa te pulumAvInA upanAmane lagata ja che. De. bhAukhAte karavA pUrata ja temano udeza haze. bAkI dAjI (ja. . haiM. ro. e. sa. pu. 8pR. 139) ApaNe A baMne kAkA-bhatrIjA-bhUpationAM vRttAMtamAM tathA che. babbe (ja. be. . ra. e. se. 1928. sAbita karI ApIzuM ke, bhatrIje aneka rIte kAkA nyusIrIjha. pu. 3) che. repsananA matane maLatA thaIne karatA caDhiyAtA ja hatA ane rANI baLazrIe apelAM gAve che ke navanara eTale navuM nagaTa = yathA biruda yogya ja hatAM. vAmAM AvyuM hatuM teno svAmI tene kahevo. evI (45) rUdradAmane potAnI putrI zAtakaraNi vere paraNAvI jIvana vRttAMtanuM varNana karatAM A vAta temaNe spaSTa karI hatI evI je mAnyatA pracalita che, tenuM varNana AgaLa, lekha nAMkhI che. naM. 1mAM Aze. eTale atre te hakIkata uccArI nathI. (7) zilAlekhamAM mULa navanara zabda che. temAM nava (41) ke aMgrejI anuvAda karatAM te temaNe banne ThekANe nagara lakhela nathI. navanagara te vidvAnoe baMdha besatuM Lord of Deccan=dakSiNapati ja karyo che, paraMtu bannenAM karavAnuM jela che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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106 ]. zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa gaNatrIthI te muddo samajAve che ke, nahapANa kSaharATanA AvatA paDitAne A nava purUSo kaI rIte jItavA samaye apripatine rAjagAdInuM sthAna choDI devAnI detA nathI ane rAjAnI AbarUne UMcIne UMcI ja pharaja pADI hatI eTale vijetAoe te rAjagAdIne rAkhyA kare che; jema akabara zahenazAhanA darabAra sthAnane bhAMgI teDI nAkhyuM hatuM paNa pAchaLathI bIrabala, ToDaramala, abulaphajhala Adi hatA, tethI jyAre A pradeza jItI laIne nagarane suMdara karIne prAcIna samaye avaMtipati ane vAliyarapatinA samarAvIne rANI baLazrInA putra-pautre rAjagAdI darabAre bANa, mayura, bhavabhUti, vAcaspati ItyAdi asalanA sthAne lAvyA tyAre teNe te nagarIne nava (navuM) hatA, tethI pUrve kAlidAsa, bhosa ityAdi hatA, tema nagara evuM upanAma ApyuM hatuM. eka rIte A sucanA zakAri vikramAdityanA darabAre paNa sAta ke nava mahAvadhAvI levAmAM kAMI vAMdhA jevuM nathI lAgatuM; paraMtu purU zobhatA hatA tevI daMtakathA pracalita che. vaLI kevaLa ATaluM ja kAraNa zilAlekhamAM tene navanara ApaNe jANIe chIe ke vikramAditya gadaMbhIlasvAmi tarIke oLakhAvavAne pUratuM gaNI zakAya ke kArine ane tenA vaMzajone, dakSiNapati zatavahanavaMzI kema? te madAno vicAra karIe chIe tyAre vizeSa sAthe mitratA cAlI AvatI hatI ane tene aMge UMDANamAM utaravAnI jarUra paDe che ja. eka to eja rAjadvArI kSetre paNa madade AvIne ubhA rahetA hatA. prazna prathama uThe che ke, zuM vijetAe rAjanagarane teDI amarakeSakAre rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane vikramAdityanI koDIne veravikhera karI nAMkhyuM hatuM kharuM? kAMI pUrA upamA ApI che tathA kavi guNADhaye gAthAsati nAme nathI ja mAtra kalpanA ja karI lIdhI che. vaLI bIjuM graMtha racIne pitAnA piSaka bhUpatine vikramanI sAthe uparokta hAra khamI lIdhA pachI keTaleya gumAvela sarakhAvyo che. A badhAM dRSTAMte ame upara sUcavyuM mulaka temaNe pAcho hastagata karI lIdhA hatA; eTaluM ja che tevA rAjya darabAre poSAtA navaratnonI prathA cAlI nahi paraMtu gumAvela karatAM adhika pramANamAM na AvatI hovAnI mAnyatAne vizeSapaNe majabUta banAve paNu meLavI lIdhA hatA ane pitAnI jAherajalAlImAM che. ane rAjAo AvI rItie pitAnI AbarU paNa ora vRddhi karI dIdhI hatI. eTale nagara vasAvavA tathA kIrti dezaparadezamAM phelAtI jevAne ati utsuka ke samarAvavA jevuM beya rakhAyuM hoya te banavA yogya rahetA hatA tathA temAM pite abhimAna paNa dharAvatA nathI. chatAM TharAve , jema sADAtraNa maNanI eka manuSya hatA. eTale pulumAvI zAtakaraNie paNa teja prathAnuM dehamAM navaTAMka jeTalA nAkanI kiMmata vadhAre aMkAya anukaraNa karyuM hoya to temAM kAMI Azcarya jevuM nathI. che tema, aneka pradezonI chatanI sarakhAmaNImAM rAja- ane ApaNe tenuM jIvanacaritra lakhatAM joIzuM ke A pATanuM sthaLa nAnuM hoya te paNa tenI kiMmata aneka pulumAvI ghaNA ja sAhitya ane kaLArasika rAjA gaNI vizeSa lekhavI joie ja. kansa. para bhUlavuM hatuM eTale ke pite tevI rIte vidyAne uttejana Apate. joItuM nathI ke lekha ketarAvanAre te "navanarasvAmi" eTaluM ja nahi paNa svataH pite paNa graMtha racIne zabda ja lakhe che, nahIM ke "navanagara svAmi' eTale mUkatA gayA che. tethI AvA vidyAvallabha rAjA pitAne te lakhavAmAM vizeSa hetu rahyo hoya ema samajAya che. navanara svAmi tarIke oLakhAvavA mATe manamAM amArI mAnyatA che ke nava eTale navuM nahi paNa abhakhara rAkhyA kare ane enI prasiddha karavA lekhamAM saMkhyAvAcaka zabda levo ane nara eTale nararatna- tathA prakAranI oLakha karAve te samajI zakAya tema narapuMgava. eTale navanararUpI ratnAe jene svAmi che. eTale "nagarasvAmi ne badale, jema lekhamAM tarIke kabUlyo che te nara pati; jenA rAjadarabAramAM "navanarasvAmi' lakhyuM che temaja tene ukela nava vidvAna sabhAmAM hAjara rahI keI paNuM prazno karavAno che. ukela lAvavAmAM tatpara rahe che athavA bahArathI

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- - - - paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekhe [ 107 naM. 15-kAle its exact purport is uncertain. The vasiSThaputra svAmIzrI pulumAvI, 7muM varSa queen's name is missing but she is unALAnuM pamuM 5khavADiyuM. prathama divase. described as "Queen of Vasisthiputra The inscription records the dopa- Sri Satkarni, descended from the tion to the monks of Valuraka of a family of Kardamaka kings, she was village by so and so=amuka mANase vAlurakanA almost certainly also described as sAdhuone koI gAma bakSisa ApyAnI hakIkata A [the daughter of the Mahaksatrapa lekhamAM noMdhI che. vAlarakanA sthAne Ilaraka-IlarA- Rudra. There can be little doubt that elorAnI gakA tarIke jene ApaNe vartamAnakALe the Vasisthiputra here mentioned is eALakhIe chIe ke je guphA te samaye mAmADa- Pulumavi and the Mahaksatrapa Rudra manamADanA AhAra prAMtamAM gaNAtI hatI ( uparamAM is Rudradaman=lekha lUTaka dazAmAM che, ane lekha naM. 9) te kahe che ema samajavuM. eTalI teno uddeza acokkasa che. rANInuM nAma guma thayuM che ja sUcanA amAre karavAnI che. paNa teNuMne kAradamaka rAjakuTuMbamAMthI utarI AvelI49 ane vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNinI rANI tarIke oLakhAvo che. ghaNuMkharUM nakkI ja che ke teNIne mahAkSatrapa rudranI vasiSThaputra zrIpulumAvI, 24muM varSa, ziyALAnuM [putrI) tarIke ja oLakhAvI che. e paNa nisaMdeha trIjuM pakhavADiyuM, 3je divasa.. che ke, atra darzAvela vAsiSThIputra te pulumAvI che - temAM pote je kArya 21mA varase karyuM hatuM tene ane mahAkSatrapa rUdra te rUdradAmana che. ullekha che. A AMka ra1ne je che tene che. bulare A kathanamAM amAre je moTe virodha karI rahe prathama 31 tarIke vAo hatA, paNa 24mA varSe je che te, vidvAnoe kevI kalpanAnA ghoDA deDAvyA che e hakIkatanI noMdha levAya che tene samaya tenI pUrvene ja bAbata che. vidvAna kare te sarva mAnya thaI jAya heya, pAchaLane saMbhavI zake nahi te spaSTa che ane ane koI nA ugato ke aparicita lekhaka te pramANe te pramANe have sudhAro thaI paNa gayo che eTale te kare to tene sarva utArI ja pADavA maMDI paDe che, saMbaMdhI kAMI kahevApaNuM rahetuM nathI. A prakAranI manedazA pravati rahI che. upara ame je zabdo TAMkyA che te akSarazaH che temaja tene lagatuM zilAlekha . 17 vivecana (juo uparamAM TIkA naM.49) je karela che. paNuMkarIne vAsiSThIputra zrIpulumAvInI rANIno ja te sarva ame barAbara vAMcI joyuM che. chatAM kayAMya A che. miti vinAne che. kathanane pUravAra karI Ape tevI hakIkata jaNAvI ja che. resane A pramANe noMdha lakhI48 che?-- nathI. alabatta saMbhave che ke, lekhane mULa utAre The inscription is fragmentary, and oruien yo @al u i dall 21 210 214 (48) ke. AM. 2. pra. pR. 51, tathA pArA naM. 46, lekha naM. 24, 26, 27 ane 28 jue. 47 pR. 38, 39. (50) byulara: A. sa. ke. IM. 5.5, 5. pleTa (4) kadaMba ane zatavahana kuTuMbo vacce lagnagraMthI 51, 11; vaLI sarakhA. i. e. 5,12 (1883) 5. ra73. lAMbA samayathI racAtI Avela che te mATe pR. 52 TI. na. [pAchaLathI i. e. 5. 12 I vALyuM che. temAM lakhyA 24nI peTA kalama cha, ja, jue tathA AgaLa uparanA pramANe ja, lekhanI lipi ukela karI zakAto hoya te Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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08 ] te te ApaNe tapAsavI rahe che. eTaluM jaNAvI A lekha paratve je zabdo che. aM. pu. 12mAM mULa tarIke ApavAmAM ApyA che ane je ame TI. naM. 50mA akSarazaH utAryA che te saMbaMdhI amArA vicAra jaNAvIzuM. prathama tA teneA artha eTalA ja thAya che krU, vAsiSThaputra sAtakaraNanI rANIe, ke jeteA janma kAradamaka vaMzamAM thayA che ane je mahAkSatraparUdranI putrI thatI hatI teNe-amuka kArya karAvyuM. A vAkaya khIjo zabda je kArahamaka che tene mulatavI rAkhI, trIjo rAkhyuM je mahAkSatrapadra----che tenI carcA karI levI keTaleka aMze sugama paDe tema che te prathama hAtha mAMnA traNa akSare vivecana mAMgI le che. eka vAsiSTha-dharIe. AmAM rUdra--nI pAchaLa akSarA uDI gayA che eTale mahAkSatrapadra--nI potAnI ja putro kahevAnA ke mahAkSatrapa rUdra--nA krAi amaladAra I. nI putrI kahevAne bhAvArtha che te kalpanAnA prazna Thare che. jo mahAkSatrapanI ja putrI TharAvAya te prathamAkSara jene rU...che tevuM nAma, jema rUdradAmana che tema lagabhaga te ja samaye pacIsa pacAsa varSanA gALAmAM thayela evA drasiMha ane rUdrasenanAM nAme paNa vicAramAM levAM joie ja ane amaladAranI putrI hAvAnI gaNunA vicAravAnI hAya teA, pu. 3. pR. 380mAM jaNAvI gayA pramANe mahAkSatrapa izvaradatta je Abhirapati putra,khIjo kArahamada ane trIjo mahAkSatraparUdra; eka pachI eka zabdo vize ApaNe vicAra karIe. AmAM vAsiSThaputra sAthe tenI vizeSa oLakha mATe pulumAvI jevuM krAi upanAma joDeluM dekhAtuM nathI. mAtra tene sAdA nAmathI ja oLakhAvyA che. parantu vidrAnAnuM mAnavuM che ke, "There can be little doubt that Vasisthiputra here mentioned is Pulumavi and the Mahaksatrapa Rudra is Rudradamana=kicit ja zaMkAspada che ke (arthAta lagabhaga cokkasa ja samajavuM rahe che ke) atra darzAvela vAsiSThaputra te puchumAvI che ane mahAkSatrapa reka te kadAmana che." AmAM temaNe vAsiSTha putra ne pulumAvI tarIke oLakhavAne kAMi dalIla ke AdhAra khatAnyeA nathI. chatAM carcAnI khAtara ane prakAre lakhAyelA te bhUpatione ApaNe tapAsI javA joI e ja. ane tevAM nAmeA teA nAmAvila jotAM na. 18 25, 26, 27, ane ra9 vALAnAM dekhAya che. temAM naM. 26 vALAnuM upanAma pulumAvI che qharUM, parantu te gautamIputra che, jyAre ApaNe teA vAsiSThaputranI ja vicAraNA karavAnI che. eTale tenA tyAga karavo rahyo. tema naM. 18 ane 2pavALAnA samaye mahAkSatrapa pRthvIdhAraka caNu vaMzIone oLakhAvavAmAM Ave hateA tathA zilAlekha naM. 39mAM jaNAvyA pramANe drasiMha mahAkSatrapanA sainyapati bhUti je abhirapati hatA tevAne paNa vicAramAM levA ja rahe che. vaLI caRNuvaMzanA saradAra evA izvaradatta Abhirane mahAkSatrapapada jema lAgyuM che tema rUdrabhUti sainyapati pazu te ja vaMzanA saradAra hAine tene paNa mahAkSatrapanuM upanAma joDI zakAya che. matalaba ke mahAkSatrapa rU....nI vicAraNA game te prakAre, mahAkSatrapa tarIke athavA tenA amaladAra tarIke, karA tApaNu rUdradAmananI sAthe sena, siMha temaja bhUti jevAne paNa zuM vicAravA joItA nathI ? have pelA mulatavI rAkhela 'kArahamaka' zabda laie. zilAlekhA (ame tenA abhyAsI nathI eTale mAtra sUcanA karavA sivAya khIjI karI na zakIe) vidvAneAe TharAvela hakIkata naM. 25 tathA 26 naMbaranA rAjAone hajI lAgI zake, nahIM ke atre lavAtA nai, 18 rAjApulamAvIne ] Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdAma kheDa che. paraMtu te vaMzanI utpati ja nahAtI thaI eTale te vaMzanA bhUpationA samakAlInapaNe vAsiSThaputra thayAnuM vicAravuM ja rahetuM nathI jethI temane paNa khAda karavA ja rahyA. eTale kevaLa na', 27 ane 28 vALI e vyaktinA ja vicAra karavA rahyo te rAkhyuM A pramANe cheH--vAlichIputrasya zrI sAtarakSyi vaikyA jAramA vaMza pramavAyA mahAkSatrapa TputrayA dhyAna rAkhavuM ke AmAM pulumAvI vAsiSThaputra kayAMya nathI; temaja rUdra nathI paNa rU (prathamAkSara) che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekha [ 109 te te eka vaMzanuM nAma che te vize vidvAnoe evI najare paDe che. eTale je mahAkSatrapa rUdra....zabdanI kalpanA besArI che ke "(She, the daughter of ane A kAraThamaka zabdanI vicAraNAnA pariNAmanuM Rudradaman) may have been indebted samIkaraNa karIzuM, te videzI evA rUdradAmananI putrI to the mother for this distinction= karatAM te teNI mahAkSatrapa rudrasiMha athavA rUdrasenanA teNInI (rUdradAmananI putrI tarIkenI) A oLakha koI saradAra, evA mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUti Abhira jevA teNInI mAne laIne heya." A pramANe kalpanA daDA- nAmadhArI hindunI ane kadaMba prajAnI putrI thatI hatI vavAnuM temaNe koI paNa kAraNa ApyuM nathI. paraMtu tevuM anumAna vadhAre yogya gaNAze ane A pramANe saMbhavita che ke, jema AMdhrapatie potAnA mAtula nakkI thatAM, prathama zabda je vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi che gotra (Metronymics) uparathI pitAne oLakhA- te naM. 2 ke 29 mAMthI kone AzrayIne vaparAya vatA hatA tema teNae pitAne oLakhAvI heya. have joIe eTaluM ja ApaNe vicAravuM ane zodhI AMdhrapatioe tema karyAnA te zilAlekhI ane kADhavuM rahe che. temAM naM. ra7ne samaya I. sa. 153 thI sikkAI pUrAvAo che eTale temanI bAbatamAM tema 180=27 varSane ane naM. 28ne I. sa. 187thI kahevAnuM ApaNane sthAna che. jayAre rUdradAmananI putrInI 217=30 varSano che ane rUdrasihanA I. sa. 206thI ke AkhAe ca9NavaMzanI bAbatamAM tema banyuM hovAne 222=16ne che. jethI ne. 29vALA pite. te rUkaeke rokhaDayo paNa daSTAMta TAMkI zakIe tevuM siMhane samasamayI thayo kahevAya. eTale AkhI dekhAtuM nathI. vaLI kAraThamaka zabda ca9NuvaMza jevA carcAne sAra e thayo ke "rUddhasiMha mahAkSatrapanA kadaMbA videzIza ke olAda sUcavatuM nAma heya tenA jAtinA Abhira senApati rUdrabhUti (ke prathamAkSara karatAM hiMdI Arya prajAnuM nAma havA vize saMbhAvanA rUdra hoya tevA nAmavALA)nI putrI je AMdhrapati naM. 29 che. banavAjoga che ke mULe kuba zabda ja hoya paraMtu vALA vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNanI rANI thatI hatI lekhanA ukelamAM ke ketaranAranI bekALajIne lIdhe ke teNe amuka prakAranuM dAna karyuM hatuM." vAstavika havAmAnathI thayela asarane lIdhe, have te kAraddhAmaka sthiti A pramANe che ane te ja kharuM che; kemake vaMcAtuM hoya; ane ApaNe jANI cUkyA chIe ke cAre taraphano ItihAsa A hakIkatane eka rUpa banAvI kadaMba nAmanI prajA mULe te licchavI kSatriyone eka Ape che jyAre atyAra sudhI manAI rahelI sthiti vibhAga che ne tenuM sthAna paNa A dakSiNa dinA ApasaApasamAM aneka rIte athaDAI jatI dekhAya pazcima kinArAnA pradezamAM che. vaLI teo AMdhrapati che ane vijJAnae pate dorela eka vakhatanA anumAnane sAthe lagnagraMthIthI joDAyelA hovAnAM aneka dRSTatA kevaLa majabUta banAvavA mATe ja keTalIka kalpanAo ghaDaye (51) A kAraddhAmaka-kama zabda upara TIkA karatAM I. e. ke pachI anumAna karavAne amukane haka che ane bIjAne nahi) 5.12.5. 274, 2. naM. 2mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "Alocality (52) A vicAra to ame svataMtra anumAnathI ja karelA called Kardamila is known from the Maha hatuM. paraMtu tene lekha naM. 24, 26, 27, 28nI hakIkatathI bharat Kardamaraya occurs in the Raja, have samarthana maLI jAya che. vaLI pari4 3mAM pU. 13, Tarangini either as the name of the title of TI, naM. 21nI kuTa noTa vAMce. a son of Kshemgupta; kaImIla nAmanA eka sthaLo khAsa karIne je. I. sa. nA vidvAna lekhake social mahAbhAratamAM ullekha Ave che. rAjataraMgINimAM kaImarAjAnuM unionsfsAmAjIka graMthI vizenAM avataraNe TAMkayAM che te nAma maguptanA putra ke tenA keIka khitAba tarIke Ave che. vAcI jevAthI khAtrI thaze ke kadaMba ane zAtakaraNi kuTuMbo lagna[amArUM TippaNa-kAraddhamaka, kardamIla ane kaImarAjA rAbdane graMthIthI joDAyAM hatAM ja, tene jIvato jAgato hawAMta A che saMbaMdha hoya te kAM mAba nAma sAthe saMbaMdha na gaNAya lekha naM. 17 samajo, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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110 ] zilAlekhA [ ekAdazama khaDa kADhI dekhAya che. A lakhavAmAM amAre kAine utArI bhUti Abhira jevA sUbAnI sattA haiAya; ane dAmapADavAnA Azaya nathI. je sUcavavAnuM che te eTaluM ja kesenanA samaye Abhira Izvaradatta sUkha pade haiAya. A saMzAdhana viSayamAM dareka vidyArthIne--phAve te prasiddha ke Izvaradatta jema I. sa. 261mAM peAtAnA kSatrapa saradAranI aprasid--amuka prakAranI keTalIka chUTa hAya che ja. jhu...sarI phagAvI dIdhI hatI tema te samayanA naM. 32 pachI kAInA upara kArya e aghaTita zabdo vAparavA vALA AMdhrapati pAsethI paNu, keTaleAka mulaka paDAvI ku rAba karavA te teA peAtAnI jaga ughADavA barAbara lIdhA hatA. ane ema karI, geAdAvarI nadInA mULavALA lekhavI rahe che. bhAgamAM, peAtAnA traikUTakavaMzanI sthApanA karI dIdhI hatI. eTale ke uttaramAM caRNuvaMzInuM sAmrAjya ane dakSiNe AMdhrapatinuM evI rIte khenI vacce, jene hAlanI bhASAmAM Buffer state kahevAya che tevuM peAtAnuM rAjya teNe upajAvI kADhayuM hatuM. A uparathI eka khIjI vastu paNa spaSTa thaI jAya che ke, caNuvaMzanI sattA nAsikanI dakSiNe kAi samaye paNa laMbAI naheAtI; ane jyAre laMbAI ja nathI tyAre AMdhrapati sAthe yuddhe caDavAnA, harAvavAnA ane vakhata jIvatA cheADI devAnA prasaMganI teA vicAraNA ja karavAnI kayAM rahe che? bAkI AMdhrapatione sagapaNa saMbaMdha thayA hatA RNuvaMzIo sAthe nahi, pazu hiMdu gaNAtA evA kada khAtinA kSatriye| ke je Abhira banI gayA hatA temanI sAthe. matalaba ke AMdhrapatienI paDatI thavA pAmI hatI te kharI rIte na. 28 pachI ja eTale I. sa. 220 bAda samajavI. A hakIktathI virUddha jatAM je anumAnA ke nivedana ApaNe atyAra agAu karI dIdhAM heAya te paNa have sudhArA mAMge che ema A uparathI samajI levuM. te A pramANe badhuM nakkI thaI javAthI eka e khInA upara vAcakanuM lakSa kheMcavuM yAgya lAge che, te jyAre prasaMga AvyA che tyAre sAthe sAthe jaNAvI laIzuM. A uparathI samajAze ke, rUdradAmane e vakhata AMdhrapatine harAjyeA hatA paraMtu najIkanA sagA heAvAthI tene jIvatA javA dIdhA hatA; evI je mAnyatA manAi rahI che te taddana nirAdhAra che. vaLI Abhiza, eka bAju jema caRNuvaMzInA saradArA-neAkarA hatA, tema khIjI bAju AMdhrapati sAthe sagapaNanI gAMThathI joDAtA paNa hatA. ane trIjuM e ke, naM. 29nA rAjyakALa sudhI dareka AMdhrapatinI hakumatamAM uttareAttara, vArasAmAM cAlyA AvatA pradezane dhaNAkharA bhAga jaLavAI rahevA pAmyA hatA athavA jo khasavA pAmyA hAya tA paNa bahu jIja,eTale rUdradAmananA samayamAM avaMtinA tAme bahubahu tA gAdAvarI nadInA mULavALA-nAsika vALA-bhAga sudhI ja hada AvIne aTakI rahI haiAya ema mAnavuM thAya che. ane mAnavuM rahe che ke, kSatrapavaMzInA A aMtima prAMta upara, rUdrasiMhanA samaye rUdra

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SaSThama paricheda keTalAka aitihAsika zilAlekho (cAlu) naM. 18. nAnAghATa zaitamIputra yAzrI zAtakaraNi thayo che. AkhAye vAsiSThIputra catrapaNu (phaNa) zAtakaraNi, 13muM vaMzamAM eka ja catrapaNu nAmane rAjA thayA che eTale varSa, ziyALAnuM pamuM pakhavADiyuM, 17mo divasa. tene oLakhavAmAM koI muzkelI paDe tema nathI (ApaNe khAnagI arpaNa karyAnI hakIkatavALe lekha che banAvelI vazAvaLImAM juo naM. 25 ane 26) eTale tene vicAra mahattvanuM nathI. paraMtu rAjA vAsiSThaputra catrapaNanI oLakha kAMI cekhavaTa karI naM. 19-amarAvatI zakAtI nathI ema jaNAvIne paDita bhagavAnalAla idrajI rAjAzrI zivamaka zAta (siri sivamata sada), jemaNe A lekha pAchaLa bahu zrama uThAvyo che temaNe miti vinAne. dorelA anamAna uparathI ke. A. re.nA lekhaka sAra kahI The inscription is fragmentary and batAve che ke "The Pandit supposed this its purport uncertain. The king may. king to be the successor of Pulumavi possibly be the Siva-Sri-Satakarni of and he (Chatrapana) was the father of the coins which are found in this Gautamiputra Sri-yajna-Satkarani= region. The epigraphy shows that he paMDitajI A (catrapaNa) rAjAne pulumAvInI pUchI must belong to a late period=zilAlekha gAdIe AvyuM hovAnuM mAne che (tathA vAsiSThIputra) tUTaka sthitimAM hoI tene Azaya nakkI thaI zakato catrapaNa te, gautamIputra zrIyazAtakaraNine pitA nathI. banavAjoga che ke te pradezamAM je zivazrI thato hate." kahevAnI matalaba e che ke (zilAlekha zAtakaraNinA sikkA maLI Ave che te ja A hAya. na. 10thI 17 sudhImAM je pulamAvI vAsiSThIputranI zilAlekhanA akSare jotAM teno samaya pAchaLa tavArIkha neMdhAI che tenI pachI tarata ke cheDe chete hevAnuM samajAya che. batAvyuM nathI) A nAnAvATanA lekhavALe vAsihaThI. temaNe A rAjAnI ane tenI pAchaLa AvatA putra catrapaNuM prathama che ane pachI tene putra zrIcaMdra zAtinI oLakha vize pAri. 49mAM je vivecana 1) paranta saMzodhita vaMzAvaLI jotAM samajAya che ke lAgalo ja thayuM nathI paraMtu thoDAka varSanuM aMtara paDeluM che,

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112 ]. zilAlekho [ ekAdarAma khaMDa karyuM che tethI jesikkAone saMdhyAre temaNe A pradezamAMthI jaDI AvyAnuM temaNe noMdhyuM che te sthAne che te tapAsI jotAM, temaNe dorelAM anumAnathI amAre jotAM, temaja te sikkAnI sarva paristhiti jotAM, jUdu paDavuM thAya che. temaNe sikkAone vaMzanA samaya nuM, 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJazrIne te lAgu paDatuM varNana paratve je pAchaLanA vakhatanA jaNAvyA che tene jaNAya che. ane che paNa temaja. paraMtu tema sAbita badale te vaMzanI AdinA rAjAone lagatA hAya karavAmAM eka ja muzkelI naDe che. te tenA rAjyakALanA evuM spaSTa thAya che. uparAMta janarala kaniMgahAmane bhogavaTA saMbaMdhI che. purANakAre je samaya che abhiprAya je TAMka che temAM to zrIcaMdra zAtine te sarvano hisAba karIne ApaNe prathamanA traNa badale 'varasatasa' zabda ceo lakhe che. ane rAjAone rAjyakALa 23+20+10mAsa+10=ekaMdare A nAma rANI nAganikAnA putranuM che (juo je 54 varSa lagabhaga TharAvyo che (juo dvitIya uparamAM lekha naM. 1).eTale sara kaniMgahAmanA maMtavyathI paricchede tenI carcA) te kAyama rAkhIne evI rIte amane samarthana maLe che ema thayuM. A pramANe jyAM pAchA goThavavo paDaze ke, A gautamIputra yajJazrIne temanI dalIlano mULa pAyo ja hacamacI jAya che phALe kamamAM kama chinnA lekhamAM jaNAvyA pramANenA tyAM vizeSa carcAmAM utaravuM nirarthaka che. mAtra eTaluM 27 varSa AvavAM ja joIe. bIjI bAju rAjA kRSNa jaNAvIzuM ke, A lekhano naMbara je temaNe 19 me rANI nAganikA pAsethI rAjya paMDAvI lIdhuM che te Ape che tene badale have ApaNe naM. 1 nI pAchaLa haMkIkata, temaja tenA khAte purANakAra 18 varSa mUkIne naM. 2 apa rahe che, jethI rAja vadasata- caDAvyA che te hakIkata, temaja tenA rAjyanI paDakhe ja zrInA rAjaya vistArano (naM. 1 nAnAdhATanuM sthAna rAjA caMdragupta cANakayanI madada laIne mAryavazanI je pazcima kAMThe che ane A amarAvatInuM sthAna hiMdanA sthApanA (I. sa. pU. 942 mAM) karI che ane dasa pUrva kAMThe che) ApaNane tarata khyAla AvI zakaze varSa bAda magadhano samrATa banyo che te; ema vanuM tenuM vRttAMta). sarva sthiti ane saMgone vicAra karatAM te dareka rAjAone phALe anukramavAra 13+1+1-10mAsa+ naM. 20 chinnA (cinA) 8=54 varSa A pramANe TharAvIe te sarvane nyAya zrIyA zAtakaraNi gautamIputra. 27muM varSa, ziyALAnuM maLI jato dekhAze. mAtra zrImukha jevo sAhasika yu pakhavADiyuM, 5mo divasa. puruSa, jeNe vaMzanI sthApanA karI che ane kevaLa 32 khAnagI bAbata che. chinnA gAma kRSNa jIllAmAM varSanI umare gAdIe Avyo che tene phALe mAtra 13 AveluM che. tene vivecana karatAM ke. A. 2. pArA 56 varSa ja rahe che. eTale ke 40thI 45 varSanuM AyuSya mAM jaNAvela che ke, "According to the Mat- bhagavI tene maraNa pAmyA gaNa te ThIka nathI lAgatuM. jya Purana, his accession should be dat* paraMtu je saMgomAM ane mAnasika bejA vacce ed 14 years after the close of Puluma- tene magadhanA sAmrAjyane chellA praNAma karI cAlI vi's reignmasya purANa pramANe pulumAvInA rAjya nIkaLavuM paDayuM che tathA navI jIMdagInA maMgaLAcaraNamAM amala pachI 14mA varSe te gAdIe Avyo nedhI ja khAravela jevA cakravartInA hAthathI jabaradasta zikasta zakAze." temanI A mAnyatA naM. 28 mA rAjA tarIke khAvI paDI che tene vicAra karatAM samajAya che ke, tene hAtha to barAbara che. paraMtu tenA sikkA je pAchaLanI aMdagImAM ghaNA ja bhagna hRdayathI kAma levuM (2) pu. ramAM AMka naM. 6-18 (temaNe pU. ra9 che; ane sara kaniMgahAme pitAnA ke. e. I.mAM pleITa 12mAM para naM. 117 ane 5. 3ra upara aMka naM. 125 lakhyA tene naM. 14 Ape che.)

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SaSama paricacheda ] zilAlekhe [ 113 paDayuM hovuM joIe, ane pariNAme nAnI vaye ja maraNane a sum of money put out at interest bheTavuM paDayuM hoya te banavA joga che. eTale upara and revenue derived from a field in pramANe je raste te cAre Adi rAjAonA rAjyakALa the village of Mangalsthana, the mo para TharAvavAno vicAra rakhAyo che te baradAsta lAge che. dern Magathan=je rakama vyAje devAI hatI bIjI tarapha gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi, je tenuM tathA jene vartamAnakALe magathana (kahevAya che) urphe rAjAzrImukhane putra thAya che, te tenA pitAnI 40- maMgaLasthAna gAmaDAnA khetaramAMthI je vasulAta 45 nI uMmaranA hisAbe, gAdIpati thayo tyAre lagabhaga utpanna thatI hatI tenuM dAna kRSNazaila (= kanhagiri, 20 thI 25 nI uMmaranI vacce ja he joIe. te kaherI) upara rahetA sAdhuone ApavAnAM saMbaMdhamAM gaNatrIe tenuM rAjya 31 varSa sudhI cAlyu hovAnuM mAnI hakIkata che. levAmAM kAMI pratibaMdha jevuM jaNAtuM nathI. kRSNagiri-kagiri-kana herI mATe uparamAM (TI. ni. 30 tathA tenI hakIkata) jaNAvI gayA chIe. te naM. 21-nAsika samaye vyAje rakama mUkAtI hatI te hakIkata A gautamIputra svAmI yajJazrI zAtakaraNi, umuM varSa, uparathI spaSTa thAya che (juo pu. 2 caMdraguptanA ziyALAnuM trizuM 5khavADiyuM, 1 prathama divase. vRttAMte, arthazAstranA utArA). Records the completion and donation to the monks of a cave by the na. ra3-kaherIH wife of a certain of his officials=tenA gautamIputra sviAmI zrIyA] zAtakaraNi varSanI rAjyanA keI amaladAranI (sevAsA, mukhyasenApatinI) noMdha khavAI gaI che, unALAnuM pAMcamuM pakhavADiyuM,. patnIe, ekAda akA saMpUrNa banAvIne sAdhuone AMka ukalata nathI. rahevA mATe dAnamAM ApyAnI noMdha karelI che. khAsa khAnagI dAna karyAnuM lakhyuM che=A private bIjo mudo kAMI nAMdhI rAkhavA je dIsato nathI. dedication. paraMtu A tathA AgaLanA bemAM eTale na. 22 ane 23 zilAlekhamAM rAjAnAM nAmanA zabdo je lakhAyA naM. 21, 22 ane 23 nA zilAlekhothI je che te khAsa samajavA jevA che. tenI carcA naM. 23nA eka bAbata upara dhyAna kheMcAI jAya che te, varNanamAM karavAmAM Avaze. gautamIputra zrIya zAtakaraNie dhAraNa karela "svAmI" nAmanA upanAmane aMge che. zAtavahanavaMzI rAjAonA naM. 22-kaherI ATalA badhA zilAlekho ane sikkA mAlama gautamIputra svAmI yajJazrI zAtakaraNi, 16muM varSa paDayA che, paraMtu keIe svAmI' pada potAnAM nAma 19() 5khavADiyuM, 5mo divasa. lekhanI matalaba mATe sAthe joDayAnuM jaNAtuM nathI. A prathama ja vAra teo lakhe che ke, Granting to the monks najare paDe che. temAM zuM Azaya samAyeluM haze te living on the Krsna-Saila (=Kanhagiri, upara vicAra karatAM, ca9NuvaMzI rAjAomAM, amuka Kanheri) endowments consisting of samaya sudhI saLaMga peDhI cAlI AvI dekhAya che. pachI (3) sarakhA pu.3, rUSabhadatta, nAsika zilAlekha naM 30 lekhe dara seMkaDe lakhyuM che te hakIkta. (ke. . ra. pR. 58)mAM dAna ApavAnuM ane at the (4) A varSanA AMka mATe AgaLa upara hakIkta rate of 1 percent her mensemjhara mAse rAma eka juo, 15 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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114 amuka varSanA khAMcA paDe che, vaLI te bAda 'svAmI' birUda dhArI rAjA Ave che. temAM keTalAke mahAkSatrapa pada paNa lIdhuM che ane pachI temanA vaMza nAbuda thaI jAya che, te kisso yAda Ave che. pu. 4 mAM A sa~vazInA vRttAMtamAMpa uparanI sthiti vize ema khulAso karavAmAM AvyA che ke, te rAjAonI zilAlekhA [ ekAdazabha kheDa guptavaMzI avaMtipati hatA temanA kAMIka akhaMDiyA rAjA jevI sthitimAM te mUkAyA heAvA joie athavA tadna nAnA sattAdhArI rAjA haiAvA joIe, te te sthiti ahI saMbhave che ke kema ? vaLI te samaye eka pakSe caNuvaMzIonI hakIkata hatI je pote paradezI jevA hatA ane bIje pakSe guptavaMzI hiMdIo hatA; te A vakhate te paristhiti jevuM kAMI hatuM ke kema? AvA prazno udbhave che. tenA javAba paNa itihAsamAMthIja maLI rahe che. caNunA nAma sAthe joDAyalA che. uparAMta temAMnA chellA daza varSa (I. sa. 142thI 15ra sudhI) tene avaMtinA rAjA tarIke, ane te pUrve I. sa. 132thI 142 sudhInA dazeka varSe sudhI mathurApati kuzAnavaMzI rAjAnA mahAkSatrapa tarIke sattAdhikAre hAvAnuM paNa sAkhita karI dIdhuM che. vaLI TAlemI jevA grIka bhUgALavettAnA AdhAra DaoN, repsana bhata tA cAlu hUMtI ja paNa temanA vijetA je jaNAve che ke Another statement of Ptolemey, which would seem to indicate that Pulumavi and Chastan, the grandfather of Rudradaman were contemporaries=TAlemInA eka bIjA kathana uparathI ema jaNAya che ke, rUdradAmananA pitAmaha dAdA caNu tathA pulumAvI samasamayI thatA hatA. A hakIkata paNa ApaNe caNu saMvatanI Adi je I. sa. 103 thI thatI TharAvI che, tene samarthana Ape che. A pramANe sarva vAte jotAM mAlUma paDe che ke, jema dakSiNamAM tenA zaMkanA chellAmAM chellA AMka ( jo ke nizcaya-pulumAvInI sattA hatI tema uttara hiMdamAM kuzAnavaMzI samrATanA, mahAkSatrapa caRNunI ane pachI tenI ja; paraMtu svataMtra avaMtipati tarIkenI sattA haeNtI. eTale 'svAmi' padanI vaparAza paratve je e prasaMge vicAvAnA prazna udbhavyeA hateA te banne sthiti A samaye vartamAna hAvAnuM samajAya che. pUrvaka ukela lAvI zakAyA nathI paraMtu tenI pAchaLa gAdie AvanAra tenA pautra mahAkSatrapa rAjA rUdradAmananA) nAnAmAM nAnA AMka-para nA che; tene caNunA rAjyakALanA aMta samaya TharAvIne ane te saMvatanI Adi I. sa. 78 mAM thayelI mAnone, vidvAnAe caiSNunA samaya I. sa. 130 mAM khatama thatA gaNAvyA che. jyAre ApaNe ( puM. 4 jIe) tenA zaka saMvata 49-50 mAM tenuM mRtyu nIpajeluM gaNIne tathA tenA zakanI Adi I. sa. 103mAM thayela TharAvIne teno samaya I. sa. 152mAM pUrA thayAnuM jALyuM (5) pu. 4, pR. 192, TI. naM khara 12. sarakhAvo pu. 3 pR. 195thI AgaLa nahapaNa mahAkSatrapa paNa svAmI kahevAyA che te hakImaMta. (6) ja, khAM. cheM. ra. e. sa, navI AvRtti pu. 3, 5 48: We shall have to place Pulumavi, ' who was a contemporary of Chasthana long after A. D. 130=je pulumAvIne caNanA samakAlIna gaNyA che tenA samaya I. sa. 130 pachI ghaNe dUra mUkavo. paDaze (sarakhAvo nIcenI TI. 7). Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat jyAre paristhiti hAvAnA A pramANe mAdhama nikAla AvI gayA che tyAre te samaye rAjakIya sthitine ceAsapaNe kAMI ukela thai zake tema che ke kema te have joie. gAtamIputra yajJazrIneA-pulumAvIne samaya I. sa. 133 thI 161ne ApaNe TharAvIe (7) jIe kA. AM. 2, pra. pR. 39. (8) TAlemI nAmaneA bhUgALazAsrIhiMdamAM AvyA hatA. tene samaya I. sa. 139 thI 65nA noMdhAyA che. te pahelAnA paNa haze. matalakha ke teNe peAtAnA samayanI ja noMdha karI che eTale temAM jarA paNa bhUla thavA saMbhava nathI. TAlemI, caNu ane pulumAvI traNe samakAlIna gaNAze, (9) vizeSa samaOna ApatA purAvA te pu. 4 mAM tenA vRttAMteja apAI gayA che. Ane vizeSa tarIke lekhavAnAM che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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SaSTama pariccheda ] zilAlekhe chIe, ane cakraNa-mahAkSatrapa tarIkene 13ra thI zilAlekhane AMka bhale nakkI thatuM nathI chatAM anuM14ra ane avaMtipati tarIkeno 142 thI 15ra- mAna karavAne kAraNa rahe che ke tene AMka paNa vadhAremAM gaNAvyo che. jyAre uparanA traNa zilAlekhanI miti. vadhAre 19no ja (122+19=141) hovuM joIe mAM : 17 ane trIjamAM moghama varSanI eka ke je samaye (I. sa. 142mAM ) mahAkSatrapa caNe saMkhyA sUcavI che; eTale pulumAvI gautamIputranA rAjya- pite svataMtra sattAnAM so grahaNa karyA hatAM. je kALanA samayanI gaNatrIe te traNene AMka I. sa. teNe A pradeza pitAnA adhikAramAM lIdhuM ke te pachI 140-150, 129-148 ane anizcita varSa Avaze; rAjA pulumAvIne adhikAra e cha thaI gayuM kahevAya, tema itihAsa paNa e hakIkata spaSTa kahe che ke, cakaNe tenuM ardhasattAdhIza jevuM khaMDiyApaNuM paNa jatuM rahyuM rAjapUtAnA bhAgamAM prathama adhikAra bhogavyo che ane kahevAya, teNe lagADavA mAMDela "svAmI" upanAma pAchaLathI kAThiyAvADamAM bhagavyo che. jyAre sikkA- paNa adazya thaI gayuM kahevAya ane atyAra sudhI te onA abhyAsathI mAlama paDe che ke 1deg and since vaMzanI hakumata je kAThiyAvADa, gujarAta ane dakSiYagna Sri's coins are found in Ka- NamAM avAranavAra jAmI rahI hatI te hamezane mATe thiawar, he must have been the last I. sa. 14ra bAda, trirazmizaMga ane kaherI parvatanI - king of the dynasty to rule over these dakSiNathI zarU thatI gaNAtI thaI gaI kahevAya. provinces=ane jyAre yajJazrInA sikkAo kAThi- I. sa. 142 bAda I. sa. 15ra paryata 10 yAvADamAMthI maLI Ave che tyAre ema sAbita thAya varSa sudhI cazvaNuM jIvato rahyo che. tyAM sudhImAM teNe che ke A prAMta u5ra rAjya calAvanAra te vaMzano te A zatavAhana vaMzIonI pITha pakaDI hatI ke sukhe chelle ja bhUpati he joIe. A badhI vAtane meLa rahevA dIdhA hatA tene nikAla je ke pulumAvInA tyAre ja tarI zakaze ke jyAre ApaNe ema TharAvIe vRttAMta karavA yogya viSaya gaNAze. paraMtu ApaNI ke, rAjA gautamIputra upara kAMIka uparI darajajAne maryAdA lagabhaga I. sa. 100 AsapAsa staMbhI jAya adhikAra caSThaNe bhagavyo hato. je be lekhane samaya che ane viSaya e che ke ItihAsanA te bhAga upara nizcita che teno nirNaya to emaja karI zakAya che. prakAza pADe Avazyaka ja che eTale jyAre zilAlekhane ke cakkaNe pote I. sa. 132mAM mahAkSatrapa thaye te lagatI carcA upADAi che tyAre sAthe sAthe te pUrve eTale kuzAna vaMzanA kSatrapa tarIke ja adhi- muddo paNa vicArI laIe.' kAra bhogavyo haze ane pachI 132mAM mahAkSatrapa saurASTramAM Avela giranAra parvatanI taLeTImAMnA banyo ke tarata teNe potAnA sidhA adhikAramAM teNe sudarzana taLAvanI prazastine je bhAga3 rUdradAmane te mulaka laI lIdhe have joIe; jyAre trIjA ketarAvyo che temAM kara nI sAlane AMka che, paNa (10) ja, ba. e. je. e. se. navI AvRtti pu. (13) bhAga zabda lakhavAnuM prayojana e che ke, AkhI 3, pR. 84, prazasti rUdradamananI yazagAthA batAvatI vidvAnoe mAnI (11) nIcenI TI. 12 sAthe sarakhAve. che jayAre amArA mate ema che ke, je mulakenI nAmAvaLI (12) A upasthI ema paNa sAbita thaI jAya che ke te chata te prathamamAM samrATa priyadarie karelI che. paNa ke, je saurASTra upara gabhIlavaMzIonI sattA jAmI hatI pote tenA jevA parAkramI che ane temAMnA keTalAka pate te, temanI paDatI vakhatanA kALe aMdravaMzIoe kabaje karI paNa meLavyA hatA ja, evuM darzAvavA pUrato ja bhAga, teNe lIdho hato. te samaya (I. sa. 107 thI 132 sudhI umerA che (vizeSa khulAsA mATe pu. 2 nA aMta sudarzana kahevAya); ane pAchaLathI A saurASTadeza caThaNe chatI taLAvanuM pariziSTa tathA pu. 4mAM rUdradAmananuM vRttAMta, 5 lIdho hato. 206 thI 26 sudhI jIe)

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116 ]. zilAlekho [ ekAdazama khaMDa je pradezanI TIpa ApI che temAM dakSiNa ke mahArASTranA rAjAo paNa zAtavahanavaMzI zAtakaraNi rAjAo sAthe nAmano ullekha ja nathI; eTale samajAya che ke, temanA sikkAnA sadasyapaNathI spaSTa thAya che) raktaI. sa. 175 (kara+103) sudhI teNe ke ca9Ne te graMthIthI joDAyela hovAthI, temane paNa temanI sAthe ja tarapha mITa mAMDI lAgatI nathI; ane zatavahanavaMzanI dakSiNa tarapha nIkaLavuM paDayuM hovuM joIe. uparokta je vaMzAvaLA ApaNe goThavI dIdhI che te upara dRSTi zAtavahanavaMzIo jabarajasta ane svataMtra rAjyapade pheravIzuM te svIkAravuM paDaze ke rAjA pulumAvI tathA virAchata thaI gaela hovAthI, temanI gaNatrI svataMtra tenI pachI AvanAra zivazrIne, avaMtipati taraphathI ane eka alAyadA vaMza tarIke itihAsamAM nedhAyelI I. sa. 14ra sudhI thI 175 sudhI nA 33 varSasudhI che, jyAre cuTu zAtakaraNio uparanA zAtavahanonA kAMi herAnagatimAM mUkavA jevo banAva banyo nathI. peTAmAM ja rahIne rAjyAdhikAra bhogavatA hovAthI, temanI gaNanA eka khaDiyA tarIke lekhavAmAM AvI che. naM. 24-kaherI ApaNe rivAja svataMtra vaMzane ja itihAsa Alekha[ hAritIputra viSNukaDa-ca8 zAtakaraNi ] tArIkha vAne hovAthI. A cAre zilAlekhanI hakIkatamAM guma thaI gaI che. uMDANe utaravAnI jarUra rahetI nathI. paraMtu atra eka muddAthI ja teone ullekha karavAnI jarUra lAgI che naM. 25-nivAsI ke temAMthI eka lupta thaIne paDI rahela aitihAsika hAritIputra viSNukaDa-cuTu kulAnaMda zAtakaraNi, tattvanI ja maLI Ave che, je nIce pramANe jANavI. 12muM varSa, ziyALAnuM 7muM pakhavADiyuM, prathama divasa. pu. 1mAM zizunAgavaMzI udayAzvanAM samaye tenA patra anurAdhe sainyapati naMdivardhananI madadathI dakSiNa naM. ra6-malavallI hiMda jItI lIdho hato tyAre tyAM rAjya hakumata calA(maisura rAjyanA zimogA tAluke) hAritIputra vavA svakSatriya baMdhuone saradAra tarIke nImavA paDyA viSNukaDa cuTu zAtakaraNi, prathama varSa unALAmAM hatA, tathA anya kSatriyo tyAM jaIne vasavATa karIne bIjuM pakhavADiyuM, prathama divasa, sAmAnya prajA paNa banI hatI, temAMnA kada eka hatA. temaNe aparAMta gaNAtA pradezamAM paga jamAvyo naM. 28-malavallI hato; kaho ke temanI nimaNuka karavAmAM AvI hatI. (maisura rAjyanA zimogA tAluke), nAma nahi jyAre A cuTu gaNatA kSatriyanA sikkA mukhyapaNe darzAvela kabarAjAne, tArIkha vinAne che. dakSiNa kAnArAmAMthI-aparAMtanA dakSiNethI-maLI Ave che eTale sAbita thAya che ke, temanuM prathama sthAna A cAre zilAlekhamAM cuTa-caDhakaDAnaMda rAjAnA (jyAre naMda bIjAnA samaye, eTale ke uparavALA nAme sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI vyaktione ulekha thaye kadabo AvyA hatA te bAda) kAnaDA jIllAmAM ja hovuM che ane A curu rAjAo, temanA sikkAonA joIe. have jyAre A zilAlekhethI sAbita thAya abhyAsathI ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe ke teo, che ke, kadAe cuTu upara jIta meLavIne banavAsImaLe te magadhapati naMdavaMzI rAjAonI sAthe saMbaMdha vijayaMtapura kabaje karyuM hatuM athavA kaho ke pitAnA dharAvatA hovA joIe. paraMtu jema zAtavahanavaMzane rAjyane vistAra dakSiNasudhI vadhArI mUkayo hato na zANIne peTe janmela hovAthI tiraskAra tyAre anumAna karavuM rahe che ke, cuMTu zAtakaraNionI pAmyo hato ane pariNAme magajamAMthI tene vidAya laI madade temanA svataMtravaMza rUpe gaNAto zItavahanavaMzI dakSiNamAM sthAnAMtara karavuM paDayuM hatuM, tema A cuTu zAtakaraNi baMdhuo AvyA nahi hoya. ane A Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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SaSTama paricchedra ] pramANe vastusthiti kayAre banI zake ke, kadaMkhe|,14 curuo, ane zAtavAhana vaMzIo14 ema traNe judA ane svataMtrapaNe vartatA rahyA hoya teA ja; ane temanAM sthAna vize paNa have ApaNane cekkasa pratIti thaI gaI che ke, kadaMkhAnuM sthAna aparAMta pradeze eTale satkrAMdri parvata ( urphe pazcima dhATa ) ane arI samudranI vaccenA lAMkhe paTTIrUpe pradeza paDI rahyo che tyAM hatuM, curuonuM sthAna, tenI ja dakSiNe Avela paTTI pradeza upara hatuM, jyAre zAtavahanavaMzIonuM sthAna prathama sahyAdrinI pUrvamAM ja hatuM; pachI dhImedhIme jema tee majabUta banatA gayA tema, A sadhaLeA pradeza jItI laI tyAM paNa temaNe pAtAne pagadaMDa jamAvI dIdhA hatA. eTale e hakIkata paNa siddha thaI jAya che ke, zAtavahana vaMzIoe peAtAnA vaMzanI sthApanA karI tevAmAM, thADA vakhata sudhI temanI sattA samudra kinAre paTTIvALA pradeza upara nahAtI ja. cuTunA sikkAonI rabaDhaba jotAM paNa A hakIkata siddha thAya che ke te zAtavahana zAtakaraNaenA samasamayo ja hatA. eka bIjo muddo upayAgI che-jo ke gauNa che ja te pazu jaNAvI daIe; itihAsamAM ane zilAlekhAmAM mahArathI, mahAbhAjI, ityAdi zabdo pazu aneka vakhata maLI Ave che. temanA sagapaNa saMbaMdhI (ke rAjakAraNamAM temanAM darajjA vize) aneka tarka vitarko bahAra paDe che; jyAre kharI vAta zuM che te A zilAlekhAmAM jaNAvela nAmeAnuM vaMzavRkSa nIce utAryuM che te uparathI spaSTapaNe samajI javAze. rAjA hAritIputra cuTukaDAnaMda zAtakaraNi mahArathI15 (te pazu heAddedAra che) zilAlekhA (rANI) mahAbhAjI (mahAbheAjI nAmanA saradArI hatA) nAgamUnikA15 (putrI) (14) A saMbaMdhamAM DaoN. byulara ke| mata dharAve che te mATe uparamAM pR. 50, TI, na. 24 nrue. (15) uparanA zilAlekhana, zu mAMnA nAma sAthe sarakhAve. A heTTo tathA AvAM nAma temanA samasamI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (jemanI [ 117 hAritIputra zivakuMdavarSana vaijayaMtIpati pAsethI kadaMba rAjAe vanavAsI jItI lIdhuM) naM. 27-hAthINuMphA ( uparanAM varNanamAMthI jene bAda karI rAkhavA paDayA hatA te) khAravela kaliMgapatinA (mArya rAjAenA zakanA 165 mA varSe) ane peAtAnA rAjyakALanA 13mA varSe. 165 nA AMkane sthAne 103nA AMka hAvAnuM have sAbita thayuM che tathA maurya rAjAonA za= mArye saMvatane badale te mahAvIra saMvata hAvAnuM ApaNe sAbita karI cUkayA chIe (jIe pu. 4mAM rAjA khAravelanuM vRttAMta) eTale teTalA akSare| ame AMsamAM gAThavyA che. khIjI hakIkata savistara pu. 4mAM apAI che eTale aMhI utAravA jarUra rahetI nathI. na.... 29-talaguMda maisura rAjye zikArapura tAluke kadaMba rAjA kAkusthavaSa~nanA, tArIkha vinAne. naM. 30-jagayApeTa stUpa kRSNA jIllAmAM, jaggayApeTa stUpane mADharIputra ikSvAkunA m zrIvIrapurUSaRRttanA. 20 mA varSanuM, comAsAnuM 8muM pakhavADiyuM, 10 mA divasa (vizeSa mATe aThThama paricchede naM. 5 mA rAjAnuM vRttAMta jue ). A banne lekhAne ApaNA itihAsane saMbaMdha na hAvAthI paDatA mUkavA paDayA che. na. 31-nAsika16 nahapANunA jamAI rUSabhadatta ( uSAvadAta ) ne tArIkha vinAne. paNA vize anumAna khAMdhavAne dorI jAya che. ( pariccheda 7, juo) pu. 2, pR. 356, TIkA naM. 21 sarakhAve. (16) kA, AM. re. 5. pR. 56 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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118] zilAlekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa .A lekhamAM traNa vibhAga cheH mULa moTA akSarano mAlayAne mALavI prajA vidvAnoe mAnI che, kemake ane saMskRta bhASAmAM che, tenI nIce nAnA akSare bIjA puSkara taLAve jaIne abhiSekanI pAchI hakIkata e che jetI bhASA prAkata 5Na saMskatane maLatI ja che. temAM karI che. A badhuM anumAna sAcuM Thare te te A bemAMnA pahelA vibhAge rUSabhadatte prathama purUSavAcI karelI kalpanA vAstavika ja che; paraMtu traNa mudAnA huM zabda vAparyo che; jyAre bAkInA bemAM trIjA ane aMge uDI vicAraNA karavI rahe che (1) By the pahalA purUSa tarIke mizra zabda vAparyo che. order of the lord = potAnA svAmI evA mULa saMskRta lekhane Azaya-"The imme- sasarA nahapANa kSatrapa)nI AjJA mAthe caDAvavAnuM temAM diate object of this inscription is to lakhe che. uttamabhadrAnI madade javAnuM haju pharamAna hoya record the construction of the cave in tyAM sudhI ThIka che. paraMtu (2) abhiSeka karAvavAmAM ke which it stands in the Trirasmi Hills karavAmAM, AjJAnI zI jarUra rahe; ane abhiSeka eTale inGovardhana govaradhana prAMtamAM trIramizRMgamAM DaoN. repsane ja zaMkA uThAvI che ke (majakura pustake pR.67) je gakA AvelI che. tenI banAvaTa mATe noMdha karyAno ja "It cannot be determined whether A zilAlekhano mukhya Azaya che." triI razmi parvatanI Rsabhadatta's consecration (Abhiseka) upayogitA vize ApaNe keTaluMka vivecana karI gayA had any special significance or whechIe-zilAlekha naM. 13]. ther it formed a part of the ordinary pelA nAnA akSaravALA bemAMnA prathama lekhamAM pilgrim's ceremonial=e nakkI nathI kahI zakAtuM lakhe che ke -"And by the order of the ke, rUSabhadattanA A abhiSekane kaI khAsa artha hatA lord. I went to relieve the chief of ke, sAmAnya yAtrALanI vidhimAM te kevaLa eka the Uttamabhadras, who was besiezed aMza ja hatA " (3) ane ajamera pAsenuM puSkara for the rainy season by the Malayas; taLAva dhArI lIdhuM che to te te eka ja saMkhyAmAM and the Malayas fled as it were at che jyAre lekhamAM akSaro te Lakes=vadhAre saMkhyAmAM the sound (of my approach) and were taLA hoya evuM jaNAvAyuM che (A muddA upara made prisoners by the Uttambhadras. adhyayana karyA bAda vicAra jaNAvIzuM). Thence. I went to the Paskara lakes nAnA akSaravALA bIjA bhAgamAM 4000 kAryAand was consecrated and made dona. paNanI kimate eka kSetra kharIdI laIne dAna dIdhAnI tion of three thousand cows and a noMdha che. jene hetu "Food to be procured village=svAmInA hukamathI, pachI huM uttamabhadrAnA for all monks, without distinction = saradArane choDAvavA gaye; jene mAlaya lekee varSa- kAIpaNa bheda vinA sarva sAdhuone khorAka meLavI ta daramyAna ghere ghAlI badhi karI dIdho hato. ApavAmAM" te dravya vAparavA mATenI icchA pradarzita mArA avAjathI tyAM pahoMcatAvAra) kema jANe hAya karelI dekhAya che. ahIM te sAmAnya rIte, koIpaNa nahIM, tema mAlo nAsavA maMDayA, ane temane uttama bheda vinA sarva sAdhuo mATe dAnanI vAta che eTale bhavoe pakaDI baMdhivAna banAvyA. te bAda puSkara taLAve sAdhune khorAka ApavAnI vAta kaI rIte asaMgata ha gayo, tyAM mAro abhiSeka thayo ane meM 3000 nathI dekhAtI. paraMtu je dharma rUSabhadatta pite pALatA gAya ane eka gAmanuM dAna dIdhuM." A hakIktamAM hatuM te jainadharmane aMge hoya te be praznonuM spaSTIvizeSa TIkA karavA jevuM nathI, paNa uttamabhadrone karaNa mAMgI le che (1) te vakhate jainasAdhuonI ajamera pAsenA koI sthAnanI prajA tarIke ane aneka zAkhA, gaNa, ane kuLe, paDI gayAM hatAM tene

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E ====== = = SaSama paricheda ] zilAlekha [ 14 AzrayIne paNa "bheda vinA sarva sAdhu" zabdane baMdhabesatuM nathI. senA nAmanA vidvAne "money prayoga kadAca karAyo hoya (2) vaLI jaina sAdhuo pitA for outside life=bahAranA (maTha sivAya) jIvana mATe ja koIe taiyAra karela AhAra kadI bhIkSAmAM mATe upagamAM levAnuM dravya" A artha karyo che tyAre vaharatA-letA nathI; temAM zAstrokta rIte doSa lekhAya keTalAka vidvAno (bauddha pustakenA AdhAre saMbhave che) che. paraMtu samrATa priyadarzinanA guru Arya suhastioe e vicAra dharAve che ke, it would seem more ziSya mohane laine, rAjAnA rasoDe sAdhuo mATe probable that reference is here made taiyAra karAto AhAra grahaNa karavAnI rIta dAkhala to the custom of "Kathin" i. e. the karI hatI. A temanA aghaTita katya mATe, temanA privilage of wearing extra robes, temAMne vaDIla gurubhAI Arya mahAgirijIe, temane Thapako paNa kaThina-vizeSa kapaDAM paheravAno adhikAra (sAdhuone) dIdho hato ane pote judA AcAra pALanAra tarIke je apAyo che, te vizeno isAro karAyAnuM vizeSa chUTA paNa paDayA hatA. te samayathI samajAya che ke, saMbhavita che." paraMtu kuzAnamULa artha kaThina tarIke jenasAdhuomAM teTalA darajaje zithilAcAra (rAjapiMDa vidvAnoe je besAryo che te be kAraNane lIdhe banavA vaheravAno) pravezavA pAmyo hato te prasaMganI A joga nathI; kemake (1) kaThina zabda te brahmasaMpradAyI che yAda Ape che. matalaba ke te prathAne laIne ja jyAre rUSabhadatta jainadharma pALanAra che (2) uparamAM rUSabhadatta sagavaDa utArI lAge che. eka dAnano upayoga ja comAsA daramiyAna kapaDAMnI kharIda karI levAno jaNAvI devAyo che eTale pharIne naM. 32-nAsika te nimitte dAnane upayoga karavAnuM na pharamAve. matalaba rUSabhakta, varSa nathI. citra zukalapUrNimAnI miti ke sainasaMpradAya pramANe kuzanamUlane (ke tenA jevA che. Azaya akase che. lekha bhagnAvasthAmAM che. uccAravALA zabdana; kemake kadAca lipi ukelamAM ke na. 33 nAsika kotaravAmAM bhUla thaI hoya te) artha zuM thAya che te rUSabhadana, 42muM varSa vaizAkha: tAjekalamamAM saMzodhakoe tapAsa karavI rahe che. 41muM ane 45 muM varSa che. A zilAlekhamAM varSanA je AMke che te kSaharATa paNa tene Azaya "It records the gift of saMvatanA che. bhUmaka ane nahapANu, kSaharATa prajAnA a cave and certain endowments to che te kAraNe, jyArathI bhUmakane saradAra nImavAmAM support the monks living in it during Avyo che tyArathI tenI sthApanA (I. sa. pU. 159) the rainy season=temAM eka guphAnuM, tathA gaNavAmAM AvI che (juo pu. 3mAM temanA vRttAte varSARtu daramyAna temAM rahetA sAdhuonA nibhAva eTale te gaNatroe karamuM varSa = I. sa. pU. 11che mATenI rakamanuM, dAna karyAnI noMdha che." temAM 2000 samajavuM rahe che. kArlApaNu dara mahine dara seMkaDe 1TakAnA hisAbenuM 240 vyAja je thAya, te 20 sAdhu mATe darekane 12 lekhe, naM. 34-nAsika comAsA daramyAna kapaDAMnI kharIda mATe vAparavAne nahapAnI dIkarI ane rUSabhadattanI patnI dakSanirdeza karela che. tevI ja rIte bIjI rakamamAM chUTaka mitrAne-be lekha sarakhI hakIkatanA che-Records lekhe 1000 nuM dAna karI tenA vyAjanA 901 kuzana the gift of a monk's cell sAdhuo mATe juLamAM vAparavAnuM lakhyuM che. A kuzanamuLane artha guphAnuM dAna kyane ullekha che. (17) tAje kalamamAM te prathamanA saramA varSa karatAM, 43) Ave. paNa ahIM ApaNe te vize carcA ochI AMka (eTale 41) saMkhyA Ave ke vadhAre (eTale karavI nathI), Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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120 ] zilAlekho : L[ ekAdazama khaMDa lagabhaga moTebhAge sAdhu mATe, guphAnuM dAna devAya nahapAna vatsagotrI sacIva ayame dAna dIdhAnI che ane te paNa comAsAnI Rtu mATe; eTale ema noMdha karI che. nahapAnAM birUda be prakAre dhyAna anamAna thAya che ke comAsAnA varasAdane lIdhe (ane ApavA yogya che, kauTuMbika oLakha tarIkene "kSaharATa' te samaye varasAda kAMI AjanA je parimita nAma mUkI devAyuM che. ane nahapAne mahAkSatrapa je pramANamAM nahote ja Avate, ane temAM paNa parvata kahevAmAM Avyo che tevI neMdha A eka ja che. lekha ane jhADI jaMgalavALA pradeza ke jyAM sapATa jamIna- na. 37mAM (varSa 42muM teje kalamamAM jarA AnI bhUmi karatAM sAmAnya rIte vadhAre pramANamAM ja varasAda miti-45muM varSa) tene "kSatrapa' kahevAya che. je kAMI paDe che eTale tenI asara sAdhuo ane tapasvIonAM khAtrIpUrvaka TharAvI zakAya te eTaluM ja che ke, 42 kaSa zarIra upara na thAya tenA rakSaNa mATe bhaktajanoe ane 46 varSanI vacce te mahAkSatrapa thayo hate." prathama lakSa ApavAnI karaja rahetI hatI ema A kSatrapamAMthI mahAkSatrapa kema (pR. 4, pR. 202thI uparathI spaSTa thAya che). 205) thavAya che, tathA nahapANane tenA pitA bhUmakanI haiyAti daramyAna (40 thI 45 varSa sudhI) kSatrapa, ane naM. 35-junera tene maraNabAda ATheka mahinAnA gALA sudhI (45ayama, nahapAne pradhAna, varSa 46muM. 45 ke 46 varSa) mahAkSatrapa ane te pachI avatinI "Records gifts made by Ayama of gAdIe besatAM rAjA tarIke oLakhAvAyo che te the Vatsagotra, minister of the [Raja] hakIkata pu. 3, pR. 195-6 mAM nahapANanuM vRttAMta Mahak satrapa Swami Nahapana. The lakhatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. eTale te karIne atra titles of Nahapana are remarkable in utAravA jarUra nathI. eTaluM ja jaNAvavuM jarUranuM two ways. The family designation kahevAze ke uparanA banne ThekANe je nirUpaNa karyuM che te 'Ksaharata' is omitted, and this is the sarva sapramANa ane tadana satya ja che ema samajavuM. only occurrence of the litle of "Ma- atra beeka khulAsA, Avazyaka che teja lakhIzuM. haksatrapa' as applied to Nahapana. "mahAkSatrapa'nuM birUda darzAvatuM A ekaja zilAlekharUpI In inscr. No. 33 (Year 42, with later pramANa che te vyAjabI che, ema have samajAze; kAraNa date, year 45 in postscript) he is ke, mahAkSatrapa pada kevaLa ATheka mahinA ja teNe styled "Ksatrapa'. All that can be in* bhogavyuM che. bIjuM kSaharATa zabda, te kauTuMbika oLakha ferred with certainty is that he nathI paraMtu saMskRtinI prAdezika oLakha che. eTale became Mahaksatrapa between the je pradezamAMthI te prajA AvI hatI ane je bhASA years 42 and 46=[ rAjA ] mahAkSatra5 svAmI teo bolatA hatA te darzAvavA puratI che. eTale (18) kSaharATa pranA je bhASA belatI tene kharoSThI bolAtI hatI ane vepAra arthe saMbaMdhamAM AvatA pAsenA nAma apAyuM che. A uparathI samajAze ke, keTalAka vidvAne gAMdhAra pradezamAMnI brAhmI sAthe tenA dhaNue zabdo umerAI kharAThIne mAtra lipi tarIke ja oLakhAvI rahyA che te gayA hatA, je pANininA vyAkaraNathI sAbita thAya che. te ja pramANe vartamAnakALe, sTezana, ejIna I. zabda aMgrejI jema gujarAtI bhASA ane lipi che, tema kharAThI paNa bhASAnA hevA chatAM have hiMdanI aneka bhASAmAM maLI jaIne, bhASA ane lipi che ja, brAhmI mAtra lipi che te bhASA nathI. te te bhASAnA svataMtra zabdo thaI gayA che. AvA zabdo * kharoSThI bhASA hoIne ja, te irAna tathA kabajAmAM have prAMtika nathI gaNavAmAM AvatA.

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SaSama paricada ] zilAlekhe [ 121 nahapANanA aMga sAthe ke tenA vaMza sAthe tene saMbaMdha naM. 38-junAgaDhane ja nathI; tethI A zilAlekhamAM tenuM udabodhana bIna rUdradAmanane, mArgazIrSa mAsanA kRSNapakSanI pratijarUrI lAgyuM che. have svAmi zabda vize pu. 3 mAM padAno (dhyAna rAkhavAnuM che ke anyamAM jema samaya cakaNavaMzIonA saMbaMdhamAM ane zAtakaraNio vize darzAvAya che tema A zilAlekhamAM 72 nI sAla uparamAM zilAlekha naM. 21, 22 ane 24 mAM je darzAvI nathI ja). spaSTikaraNa karAyuM che te niyame, A naM. 35 vALA A lekhano 20 tAtparya eTale te mazahura che ke zilAlekhanI miti, nahapANa mahAkSatrapa hovA chatAMye te AkhI ne AkhI atra utAravA jarUra thI pote svataMtra banIne avaMtino rAjA banyo nahoto jyAM amArA mataphera thAya che teja kevaLa a TAMkIne te pUrvenI, eTale ke 45 varSa pUruM thayA pachInA ATha tenI carcA karIzuM. lakhe che ke "But the chief nava mAsanI avadhimAMnI che ema samajavuM. importance of the inscription consists in the information, which it affords as naM. 36-9Sabhadattano, samaya vinAno. to the history of Rudradaman and "The immediate object of the ins- the events of his reign=yel 214d My cription is to record the grant of the mahattva che temAM rUdradAmanane ItihAsa ane tenA illage of Karjika for the support of rAjyanA banAva vize je mAhitI apAI che tene the ascetics living in the caves of lIdhe che;" ema kahIne lakhyuM che ke "He was the Valtraka-a grant which was subse lord of-te (nice jaNAvela) pradezanA svAmi hata; quently renewed by Gautamiputra si tenAM nAmanI TIpamAM pUrvAparAkarAvaMti, anUpa, Anarta, Satakarni (v. sup. No. 9)=lekhanI tAtkAlika surASTra, marU, ka7, siMdhu-sauvIra, kukura, aparAMta . nema, valurakanI guphAomAM rahetA sAdhuonA nibhAva ane niSAda jaNAvyAM che; ane pachI lakhyuM che ke mATe kAIka gAmaDuM, dAnamAM devAnI noMdha vize che- "And other territories gained by his A dAna pAchaLathI gautamIputra zrI zAtakaraNie karIne valour, He conquered the Yaudhdheyas cAlu karyuM hatuM (upara lekha . 9 juo) and twice defeated Satakarni, the lord karachaka-valuraka vigerenI carcA paNa upara thaI of Daksinapath. He himself acquired gaI che. mukhya vAta ja e che ke sarva lekhonA the name of Mahaksatrapa=ane pitAnA dAnanI pAchaLa dhArmika rahasya samAyeluM che. nahIM ke bAhubaLathI anya pradezo meLavyA hatA. teNe yaudherAjakIya9. yAjhane jItI lIdhA hatA ane dakSiNApathanA svAmi zAtakaraNine be vakhata harAvyo hato. (AthI karIne) naM. 37-korsa mahAkSatrapanuM birUda teNe ApameLe meLavyuM hatuM." A RSabhadattanA putra devakane, samayanA nirdeza badhuM varNana-pradeza upara meLavela jIta-rUdradAmanane vinAne, khAsa jANavA jevuM nathI. nahIM paraMtu samrATa priyadarzinane lAgu paDe che. te (19) pu. 4, 5. 217. chata meLavela karavAthI, Adhrapati naM. 17ne dakSiNApathapati, (20) kA. A. 2. pra. 5. 60. ane naM. 18 vALAne dakSiNApathezvaranuM birUda lAgyuM hovA chatAM () svAmi eTale temanI mAlikI hatI, eTaluM ja tathA naM. 17 karatAM naM. 18vALo ghaNe meTA rAjavI tho sUcave che; eTale ke pradeza vArasAmAM maLyA hatA, nahIM ke hovA chatAM, bhUlakhAine naM. 17ne mATe mAnI lIdho che; te kevuM conquered jItI lIdhA hatA. (A pramANe Lord no artha anyAya karanAruM thaI paDayuM che te mATe juo naM. 17nuM vRttAMta) Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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122 ] zilAlekhA hakIkata (pu. 2mAM surzana taLAvanI prazasti vizenA vivAdamAM pR. 393thI 397 tathA rUdradAmananA vRttAMtamAM pu. 4, 208 thI 218 sudhImAM) vistArathI spaSTa karI batAvI che te tyAMthI joI levI. vaLI amArA maMtavyane vizeSa madadarUpa thaI paDe tevA A zilAlekhamAMnAja zabdo upara atra dhyAna khecavuM rahe che. teNe yaudhdheyAjhane jItI lIdhA hatA ema jaNuAvyuM che. A mAdhaiyAjha ke ayeAdhyA je uccAra karA te banne (jIe pu. 1mAM trIjA paricchede ) nuM sthAna yukta prAMtAmAM gaNavuM rahe che. eTale ema a thayA ke te yukta prAMtanA svAmI banyA hatA. jyAre itihAsa tA ema kahe che ke, rUdradAmananI sattA jyAMsudhI avaMti upara hatI tyAMsudhI ane te khAda paNa A yuktaprAMta upara, temanA mULa saradAra ane zireAtAja evA kuzAnavaMzI kaniSTha khIjAtI ja sattA jAmI paDI hatI. teA pachI zuM eka samaye eka ja bhUmi upara e rAjAdhirAjonI ANu karI rahI hatI ema gaNuvuM? matalakha ke atyAra sudhInI mAnI rahelI mAnyatA bhUlabharelI che. vaLI kSatrapa uparathI mahAkSatrapa2 pada upara krama caDAya che (pu. 4. pR. 204, TIkA naM. 44) te prasaMganI yAda karatAM paNuM jaNAI Avaze ke temAM jIta meLa-village of Rasopadra by the Abhara vavAnI jarUra ja nathI. na.... -guMdA rUdrasiMha pahelA, varSa 103, vaizAkha zula paMcamI. guMdA gAma kAThiyAvADanA hAlAra prAMtamAM AveluM che. It records a donation made at the General (senapati) Rudrabhuti=Abhira AgaLa jatAM "the work of repairing senApati drabhUtie rasApadra gAma dAnamAM ApyAnI the broken dam to be carried out temAM noMdha karI che." A uparathI spaSTa thAya ke by the minister Suvisakha, the son AbhIra prajAnA saradArA caRRNu kSatrapAnI nAkarImAM of Kulaipa a Pahlava=tuTI gayela baMdhanuM hatA (pu. 3nA aMte 11mA paricchede pR. 374-384) samArakAma, pahalva jAtinA kulaipanA putra suvizAkhajemAMnA eka Izvaradatte svataMtra banI potAnA vaMza nAme maMtrIne soMpyuM hatuM" ema je lakhyuM che temAM A padmava jAtine parazIyana-pArathIana lekhela che. amArUM ema mAnavuM che ke te suvizAkha pahalva nahIM paNa pallava jAti (eTale licchavI kSatriyAnA eka (22) ApaNI dhAraNA pramANe ja priyadarzinanA A lekha hAya tA, priyadarzinane mahAkSatrapa pada lAgyuM kahevAya, te kadApI banavA cAgya ja nathI. A hakIkata ApaNA matanI nirUddha Aya che. paraMtu banavA yAgya che ke, mahAkSatravALI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa bhAga-jema dakSiNa hiMdamAM pallava rAjAo thayA che tema)nA eka saradAra vizeSa heAvA joie. suvizAkha nAma ja batAve che ke te paradezI nahIM paNa Arya prajAne zAbhituM nAma che. samaya vize jaNAvavAnuM ke, ke. . rU.mAM tenA samaya noMdhavA rahI gayA dekhAya che. paraMtu mULamAM (jIe epI. i. pu. 8, pR. 47. ApaNA pu. 3, pR. 212) tene AMka 7ra lakhyA che. vidvAne e Ane zaka saMvata lekhI 72 + 78=i. sa. 150 tA samaya arpI che jyAre amArA hisAbe te caRNu zakanA AMka che ane te tenA pitA metikanA rAjyanI zarUAta I. sa. 103 mAM thaI tyArathI gaNAyA hArdane (pu. 4, pR. 188) tenA samaya I. sa. 172 nA gaNavA rahe che. sthApyA hatA. dAnanI vAta che eTale dhArmika kAryanA uddeza che e paNa cAkkasa che. samaya 103 varSa che eTale I. sa. 206nA gaNavA. hakIkata lekhamAM nahIM ja hAya. mAtra vidvAnoe pAtAnI meLe lakhI kADhI che. athavA heAya tA, rUdradAmane peAtAnI sthitinI cAkhavaTa karI batAvI che eTaluM te upasthI sAbita thAya che, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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SaSThama pariccheda ] naM. 40--junAgaDha drasiMha pahelA, sAlaneA AMka guma thayela che. caitra zukala paMcamI. zilAlekhA A lekhamAM zuM hakIkata che tathA tene zuM uddeza che te (pu. 4, pR. 217-18) jaNAvAI gayuM che. atra eTaluM ja jaNAvavAnuM ke, anya lekheAnI peThe ApaNu dhArmika kArya nimitte kAtarAvela che ane aa. AM. rU. nA maMtavya pramANe jainasaMpradAyane lagatA te che. samayanuM varSa 40 che eTale lekha naM. 38, 39 pramANe te I. sa. 144nA dare che. naM. 41--mulavAsara rUdrasiMha pahelA, 122muM varSa, vaizAkha vada pacamI. A mulavAsara gAma, kAThiyAvADamAM gAyakavADa sarakAranA okhAmaMDaLa prAMtamAM AveluM che tenA taLAva kAMThethI A lekha maLyA che. Its purport is uncertainmAzaya anizcita che. varSa 122 eTale I. sa. 225nuM Thare che. naM. 4ra-jasadaNa rUdrasena pahelA, 128 (3 126) muM varSI, bhAdrapada vada paMcamInA. This inscription is on a pillar on the bank of the lake at Jasdan in the north of Kathiawar. It probably commemorates the construction of a tank during the reign of Rudrasena= kAThiyAvADanA uttara bhAgamAM jasadaNu zaheranA taLAvanA kinAre eka pALiyA upara A lekha kAtarAvela che. rUdrasenanA rAjye taLAva baMdhAvyAnA smaraNamAM te ghaNuMkarIne ubhA karAvyA che. matalaba ke taLAva baMdhAyuM te samayanI yAda ApatA te lekha che ane tenA samaya, 128 varSa. sa. 231nA gaNavA paDe che. (23) peAtAnI kIti vadhAravAnA hetu temAM naheAtA, paraMtu tene joine bhaviSyanI prajA paNa tevA prakAranuM dAna Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 123 zA mATe A taLAva kheAdAyuM te jo ke jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI, parantu ApaNe have sArI rIte jANItA thaI gayA chIe ke (uparanA sarve zilAlekhA juo) prAcIna samaye, rAjakartAne dharma upara dhaNI prIti rahetI ane tethI dhArmika kAryo karavA mATe talapApaDa rahetA ane jyAre jyAre te nimitte dAna karatA tyAre tyAre, bhaviSyanI elAdane te kAryAMnI yAdaraka ApavA kAje tevA lekha kAtarAvatA. AvA hetu sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti pAchaLa paNa rahelA hatA te sthAna giranAra jevA jainadharmanA pavitra tIrtha sthAnanI--dhAmanI taLeTIrUpa hAvAthI tyAM, jyAre magadhapati caMdragupta samrATa yAtrA karavA AvyA hatA tyAre yAtrikAne pANI pIvAnI sagavaDatA mATe24 te taLAva prathama dhAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. pAchaLathI kALakrame jema tene durasta karAvavAnI jarUriyAta lAgatI gaI tema tenA vArasAe durasta paNa karAvyuM che. te badhA itihAsathI ApaNe have saMpUrNa rIte mAhitagAra thai gayA chIe. jema A sudadna taLAvanuM sthAna jainaprajAnuM eka mukhya tIrthadhAma hatuM, tema A jasadaNu pAsenA pradeza pazu tevuM ja eka agatyanuM jainadharmIonuM tIrthasthAna hatuM. ane tethI karIne caNuvaMzI rAjAe jemane dharma paNa jaina hatA (jIe uparanA lekhA tathA pu. 4mAM temanuM vRttAMta) temaNe tyAM yAtrA nimitte jatAM, maiAya vazI samrATAnuM sudarzana taLAva baMdhAvyAnuM anukaraNa karI, ekAda taLAva baMdhAvyuM heAya te vAstavika lAge che, A jasadaNunuM sthAna kAThiyAvADanI lagabhaga madhyamAM ane ceATilAnA DuMgara jyAM Avela che tathA je bhAgane pAMcAla tarIke oLakhAvAya che tyAM Avela che. alabatta tyAM javAnA mArga coTilA thaI te hAla nathI, parantu bhAvanagara relavenI je meDhAda--jasadaNuM lAIna che temAM jasadaNu nAmanuM sTezana che tyAM thaIne che, paNa jo gADA raste cArTilethI javAya te pAMca sAta mAIlanA ja patha rahe che. te pradezamAM ANaMdapura nAme detAM zikhe, evA edhapATha ApavAnA hatA. (24) pR. 3, 5, 183 tathA TIkAe www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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- zilAlekhe 124 ] [ ekAdazama khaMDa eka gAmaDuM che (juo 5.2,. 185 "zAsvatuM chatAM maThavAsIo sAdhunI davAdArUnI jogavAI karavA mATe kALanA jhapATAmAM" vALe pArigrApha) A pradeza upara I. dravyanI be rakame chUTI pADavAnI temAM noMdha che. sa. 9mI sadImAM (jyAre maLarAja solaMkIe A pradeza dhArmika kArya nimitte dravya kAyAne ulekha che. upara caDhAI karI hatI tyAre) vaDhavANanI-vamAna- trirazmI parvatanuM sthAna kevuM pavitra ane tIrthadhAma che purInA rAjA prasenanI-hakumata cAlatI hatI tethI te uparamAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. tene vaddhamAnapura-ANaMdapuranA nAmathI oLakhatA potAnA rAjya varSa zuM che. te saiphUTaka saMvatsaranuM hatA. A ANaMdapura gAme, je zatruMjaya parvata jena che (pu. 3, pR. 384) jene vidvAnoe kalacUri athavA dhamIonuM atyAre mahAtIrtha manAya che tenI taLeTIda disaMvata tarIke oLakhAvyo che. tenI Adi te tenA hatI. A badhuM varNana haDALAnA zilAlekha AdhAre pitAnA rAjyAraMbhathI-I. sa. 249thI thaI che (I. e. 5. 12. pu. 19) lekha lakhIne27 sAbita jyAre A lekhane samaya pitAnA rAjya mAM karI ApyuM che. matalaba ke A jasadaNanA pradezamAM varSane hAIne tene samaya I. sa. 261+ 9I. sa. siddhAcaLa parvatanI taLeTI hatI ane tyAM jaina 270 kare che. yAtrALuo darzane AvatA hatA. te pramANe ca9NuvaMzI rAjAo 5Nu darzane AvyA hoya ane yAtrikone naM. 44- pAraDI pANI mATe paDatI hADamArI dUra karavA, rAjadharma tarIke dhanasena rAjA, kUTaka saMvata 207ne, vaizAkha eka vizALa taLAva khedAvyuM hoya ema mAnavuM rahe che. zukala trayodazIne. - na. 43--nAsikane temAM rAjA dharasene jIta meLavIne azvamedha yajJa Izvarasena varSa 9 muM, unALAnuM cothuM pakhavADiyuM kyane tathA kanIyaDAkAsArikA gAma brAhmaNone dAna tera divasa. dIdhAne ullekha che. matalaba ke rAjA brAhmaNadharmo It records the investment of two che. 9 ane vaikuTaka saM. 207=20+19 I. sa. sums of money...for the purpose of 526nA samayane che. jo ke zilAlekha na. 43 providing medicines for the sick among mAM jaNAvyA pramANe A traikUTaka saMvata vAparanArA the monks, dwelling in the monastery rAjAe prathama jainadharmo hatA tathA kalacUri saMvata ja on Mount Trirasmi=trirazmi parvata uparanA vAparatA hatA paraMtu AmAMnA dharasene vaidika dharma (25) juo pu. 2, 515 "dizAsvata chatAM kALanA janajAti pu. 1 (saM. 1988), pauSa aMka 3, 5. jhapATAmAM "vALa pArigrApha. 83 thI 88: jainadharmaprakAza pu. 45 (saM. 1885, vaizAkha (29) ragaMjaya parvatanuM nAma siddhAcaLa che, tenA 108 aMka 2, 5. 58 thI 17 I. lekhe. zikhare hevAnuM gaNAya che. revatagiri (giranAra), kadaMbagiri, (28) saiphUTakavaMzanI be zAkhA-prathama zAkhA ca9Na hastagiri, vimalagiri I. nAme A zikharanAM jANavA. vaMzanA saradAra tarIke uparanA lekha naM. 43 nI ane A giri (kAThiyAvADanA hAlAra prAMtamAM che) ke tyAMthI paNa bIjI zAkhA naM. 44 lekhanI. prathama vALA jenadhamAM hatA. prAcIna avazeSo ane mUrtio maLI Ave che te paNa 108 temanA sikkA citro juo. temaNe samaya darzananI je paddhati mAMnuM eka girizaMga ja che. tevI ja rIte ANaMdagiri paNa akhatyAra karI che te . 44thI judI ja paDe che. temaNe eka zikhara che; ane teja A ANaMdapuranuM sthAna samajavuM. I. sa. 249mAM zarU thayela kalacUri saMvata grahaNa karyA che, (27) jue gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAiTInA "buddhi- jyAre A bINa zAkhA guptavaMrAmAMthI judI paDI che eTale sane 1934mAM Anartapurane lekha (pR. 44 thI 53). temaNe temane ja dharma ane temane ja saMvata aMgIkAra che,

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SaSThama pacchika ] aMgIkAra karyAnuM jaNAvyuM che, te dharmapalaTA kayAre thaye hatA te spaSTa thatuM nathI. banavAjoga che ke teNe ja dharmaparivartana karyuM che. zilAlekhA naM. 45--kanherI traikUTaka saMvata 245nuM va, kartAnuM nAma ApyuM. nathI. temAM A kRSNagiri (jIe lekha naM. 13 TI. naM. 30thI 32) uparanA mahAna maThamAM eka caityanI sthApanA karyAnI noMdha che, tene samaya 245muM varSa eTale I. sa. 245+319=564 gaNuaA rahe che. uparanA traNe lekha (naM. 43, 44 ane 45)ne lagatI vizeSa hakIkata pu. 3nA aMte 11mA paricchede khulAsAvAra samajAvAI gaI che eTale punarukti karavAnI jarUra rahetI nathI. * * * upasaMhAra A e paricchedamAM sava maLIne 45 zilAlekha varNavyA che. temAMnA sthAna ane samaya tathA kartAne vicAra karIzuM te lagabhaga bhAga zAtakaraNi-caitavanavaMzI rAjAenI kRtie ja phAkI lIdheA dekhAya che. parantu jo e lekhA kAtarAvavAnA Azayane paNa sAthesAthe vicAra karIzuM te te, tethI ye AgaLa vadhIne-kahA ke lagabhaga ? bhAga-kahevuM paDaze ke A pravazI rAjAo paratve ja temAM hakIkata lakhAI che. eTale upara darzAvela hetuthI A zilAlekhAne dhruva MzanA varNana sAthe joDavAmAM, ApaNe vicAra na karatAM samagra rIte tenI eLakha tathA vana ApavuM upayeAgI dhAryuM che tathA kAIpaNa vaMzanA rAjavInuM mRttAMta AlekhatAM pahelAM jema temane lagatAM pari ccheda joDI dIdhAM che, te ja pramANe A zilAlekhe saMkhathI paNa jo vartana rakhAyuM heAta teA vizeSa upamAraka gaNuAMta ema have manamAM lAgI Ave che. (29) uparanI TIkA. naM. 28 jue. A arasAmAMja, guptavaMzamAMthI vallabhIpuranA maitrakA temaja dakSiNa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 125 atyAre te IlAja nathI parantu je mIjI AvRtti karavAnA samaya prApta thaye| te ATalA sudhArA karavA te vakhate Avazyaka lekhIzuM. sthAna ane samaya tathA kartAo paratve upara pramANe sthiti jaNAvyA khAda, teAne kAtarAvavAmAM samAyelA uddeza ane hetu saMbaMdhI vicAra karIzuM te, eka ekamAM-ema kaheAne ke eka paNa apavAda sivAya- turata spaSTa rIte jaNAi Ave che ke, tema karavAmAM kArya dhArmika kAraNane lIdhe ja sphuraNA janmI che, pachI te yAtrikanI agavaDatA dUra karavA mATe hAya ke te sthAna upara vasatA RSi-muni ane tapasIone peAtAnA mitya niyamA pUrNa karavAne madadarUpa thaI paDe tevI anukULatA ubhI karavA mATe hAya, ke chevaTe temA racanAra-dAna denAranA peAtAnA AtmAnA kalyANArthe hAya-paraMtu A prakAranA kAne kAi dhArmika saMyeAgomAM tathA prakAranuM dAna devAnuM pagaluM bharAyuM che ema jaNAI AvyA vinA raheze nahi. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke, temAM dhArmika hetu ja hatA, nahIM ke rAjakIya; pachI tenA kartA rAjA hAya ke samAjane koi sAmAnya. gRhastha hAya. rAnna hAya, te pachI teNe amuka pradeza upara jIta meLavIne tenI khuzAlImAM dAna karyuM hAya ke putrajanmanI vadhAImAM pazu tema karyuM DrAya ke peAtAnA svAmIbhA nA saMdha kADhIne yAtrAe gayA hAya-Ama nimittabhUta bhale aneka prakAranAM kAraNe upasthita thayAM hoya; paraMtu prAMte, hetu teA dhArmika ane paranA kaeN peAtAnA kalyANArtheja agrapaNe ramI rahyA hAya eTaluM nirvivAdita dekhAya che. A uparathI prAcIna samaye prajAnAM-zuM rAjA ke sAmAnya prajAjananAM-mAnasanuM laDhaNu kevA prakAre vahI rahyuM hatuM tema sahaja pyAsa AvI jaze. A vastusthitithI pAzcAtya vidvAnA vaLa aparicita haiAvAthI-kahA ke potAne maLelA saMskArathI ja anyanI mApaNI karavAnuM manuSyamAtrane sugama lekhAya che te nyAye--ema mAnI hiMdanA kalyANIvALA cAlukayA ema banne svataMtra thaI gayA jaNAya che, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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126 ] zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa lIdhuM dekhAya che ke koI rAjakartAne zilAlekha katarAva- peSaNa paNa thaI jAya ane kadAca vAcakane kaMTALo paNa vAno prasaMga je ubho thAya to temAM rAjakAraNa sivAya Ave tema bIjI bAja. je choDI devAya te. kharA anya hetu hoI zake ja nahIM ane tevI kalpanAe ja itihAsa upara je prakAza paDave joIe te rahI paNuM saurASTramAM Avela junAgaDha-girinagaranI taLeTImAM jAya che. temaja temAMthI nIkaLato bedhapATha je ApaNe magadhapati samrATa caMdragupta prathama dAvela sudarzana grahaNa karavo rahe che te visAre paDI jAya che. AthI taLAva baMdhAvavAnI bhAvanA AgaLa dharI dIdhI che, te ema TharAvIe chIe ke hakIkata ja te te rAjAnA ja pramANe kSatrapa rudradAmana ItyAdi vizenuM samajI levuM. vRttAMta AlekhanamAM utAravI ne bAkInI, ja paraMtu ATalA vivecanathI have vAcakanI khAtrI thaze ke IchA vadhe tyAre A paricacheda vAMcIne meLavI levI. te pramANe banyuM nathI ane tethI ja rAjakIya kalpanA haju eka bIjo mArga laI zakAya ke sarva zilAlekhamAM vaDe bAMdhela nirNoe, AkhA bhAratIya itihAsane varNavAyelI hakIkatane samagrapaNe ane vihaMgadaSTie kada citarI batAvyo che. have kayA prakAre tene khyAla AvI jAya te mATe, TrakamAM tenuM koSTaka banAsudhArAya eTalI ja IcchA ApaNe sevIe. vIne raju karavuM; je uparathI vastune citAra paNa AvI lekhamAM joke ghaNI ghaNI mahatvapUrNa hakIkatane jAya ane vistArathI jANavAnI IcchA pravarte tyAre, samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che ane te tene je tenA asala varNana AMkha taLe kADhI paNa levAya. A hetuthI nirmAtA evA rAjAonAM vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate pAchI pIstAlIse zilAlekhonI nAmAvaLI, samaya temaja kartAne yAda karavA mAMDIe, te eka te vinA kAraNe piSTa- lagatI TUMkI mAhitI nIce pramANe kASTakavAra joDI che AMka samaya tathA sthAna purAvA tathA pramANu I. I. TUMka mAhitI. | I. sa. pU. 383; | ke. . re. pra. pU.45,. nAnAvATa | pAri 57 tathA pU. 19, (godAvarI jIllo). pAri 21 gautamIputra yajJazrInI rANuM nAganikAe, pitAnA sagIra putranA rIjaTa tarIke, bamaNone dAna dIdhuM che. (bamaNuM eTale brahmacarya pALe te; evA purUSone dAna dIdhuM che eTale ke ahiMsAyukta; nahIM ke yajJa karatAM evA brAhmaNone eTale hiMsAyukta dAna dIdhuM hatuM). sagIraputranA samaye banAva banyo che (I. sa. pU. 383). jyAre lekha ketarAvyo che te putra moTe thaI rAjyapade ALyA tyAre, tenA rAjyakALe teramA varSe; eTale I. sa. pU. 371mAM-vizeSa mATe ja . che. re.e.se. navI AvRtti pu.3, pR. 47-83 juo. zAtavahanavaMzI rAjA kRSNane, je rAjA zrImukhane bhAI thAya che. zaktizrInA nAmanI pichAna apAI che. daMtakathA pramANe TharAvAya te uparamAM dvitIya paricchedanA aMte joDela nAmAvaLI pramANe naM. 23 vALa zivasvAti gaNAya ane guNapramANe TharAvAya te, naM. 18 vALe rAjA hAla zAlivAhana thAya (ghaNuM karIne teja karaze) anizcita; nAsikako. o. re. pR. 46, | pAri 23; pR. 19, pAri 22-23 3 | I. sa.nI Adine; ke. . . pR. 46; tathA pR. 20, pArA 25 nAsika Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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SaSThama pariccheda ] 4 5-6 I. sa. pU. 309; kanherI (nAsika jIlle) cha anizrita; bhilsA (mALavA) 8 i. sa. pU. 48; nAsika zilAlekhA bhipsATApsa; pR. 214, 264, 269; pleTa Sanchi Tope No. 1; naM. 19H kA. AM. re. pR. 47 ane 23, pAri 29 tathA 57 kA . `re. pR. 27, pAri 35 tathA 36 I. sa. pU. 54; |kA, AM. re. pR. 29, nAsika pAri 38H pR. 36, pAri 43 kA. AM. rU. pR. 14; Had exterminated the race Ksaharatas of kA. AM. re. pR. 48 kI. AM. rU. pAri 38 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 127 vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNinA rAjye kAI kArIgare dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata che. rAjA hAla puSumAvIne che. rAjAnI sAnidhyamAM krAtarAyalA haiAvAthI ane pAte tenI raiyata hAvAthI zAtakaraNanuM nAma lakhAvyuM samajAya che. (pAMcamA) rAjA mADharIputra svAmi zakasene peAtAnA rAjyakALa AThamA varSe kAtarAvela che. ennAkaTakanA svAmi evA gautamIputra jJAtakaNie peAtAnA rAjye 19mA varSe gAradhana samaya jItI laine, hukama kADhayA che ke, rUSabhadatta pUrve je dAna ApyuM hatuM te have pAte karyuM che ema pheraphAra karavA. teNe zaMkAne harAvyA hatA (Destroyed the Sakas and restored the glory of = caDhDhAnI ja kADhI nAMkhI ane kIrti pAchI meLavI). naM. 17 vALA ariSTaka samajavA. RSi--tapasvIone dAna dIdhAnI vAta che eTale dhArmika tattva ja samajavuM. laDAinuM kAraNa paNa dhArmika dekhAya che, nahIM ke rAjakIya. trirazmi parvatanI pavitratA vizenI vAta pazu samajAvI dIdhI kahevAya; dakSiNApathapatinuM upanAma ApyuM che (sarakhAvA nIcenA lekha naM. 13). naM. 7 lekhanA anusaMdhAnamAM ane peAtAnA rAjye 24mA varSe, rANImAtA khaLazrInA nAme AjJA che. geradhana prAMtanA subA zyAmakane hukama kare che ( eTale pAte ennAkaTakamAM beThA beThA AjJA pharamAvI che). vaLI te vakhate peAtAnA mATeAbhAi jIvaMta hoya ema paNa nakkI Thare che. peAtAnI aMtima avasthA hoya ema samajAya che. tethI 10 pakhavADiyAnA (pAMca mAsa) AMtare e vibhAge AjJA karI che. eTale peAtAnA maMdavADa cha mAsa saMkhAyA samajAya che temaja aMtima avasthAe dAna devAnA rivAja hatA te siddha thAya che. kaisIlanA vihavaTa naheAtA, temaja rANI khaLazrIe rAjakAjamAM bhAga paNa lIdhA nathI dekhAtA. rAjyanuM ati upayAgI eka aMga samAna tene darajjo hatA eTaluM spaSTa thAya che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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128 ] zilAlekho | [ ekAdazama khaMDa - - AMkasamya tathA sthAna purAvA tathA pramANa I.I. TUMka mAhitI. - 9 } I. sa. pU. 50;] ke. A. 2. pR. 49. uparavALA gautamIputra zAtakaraNIne potAnA rAjya kArla | tathA pR. 29, pAri | 18mA varSe ketarAvela. kArlavALA mAmala (manamADa) (nAsika jIllo) [ 38-39 jIllAnI valuraka (ilerA)nI guphAmAM vasatA tapa svIonA upayoga mATe, karajaka (karajata ?) gAmanI upaja dAnamAM dIdhI che. naM. 8mAM apAyela dAna pachI be pakhavADIye=1 mAse A dAna devAyuM che. maMdavADanI AkharI avasthAmAM, nahIM ke vidvAna as a result of his victory over Nahapan = nahapANa upara pite meLavela vijayanA smaraNamAM hovAnuM jema lekhAve che tema; kemake nahapANanA maraNa bAda 21-22 varSe A banAva banyo che eTale pachI jIta meLavyAnA smaraNa tarIke saMbhavita ja nathI. 16]anizcita, amarA vAsikaputra svAmIzrI pulumAvI-naM. 18vALA rAjA vatI (bejhavADA hAla zAtakaraNi che. hAthIguphA lekhamAM varNavyA pAse, kRSNAjI) pramANe rAjA khAravele je mahAtya 38 lAkhanA dravya baMdhAvyo hate (pu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta juo) te prAsAdane dAna ApyAnI hakIkata che. eTale rAjA khAravela ane A vAsiSThaputra pulumAvI ekaja dharmanA-jainadharmo -TharyA; tathA amarAvatInA svapane bauddha dharmano TharAvAya che tene badale have te jaina dharmanuM sthAna kare che. SAna eka I. sa. pU. ane bIjo I. sa. pu. A banne vacce cAra varSanuM aMtara che. rAjA vAsihaThaputra 12 45; nAsika | 41; nAsika pulumAvInA che. khAsa noMdhavA jevuM kAMI nathI. 13] I. sa. pU. 28; } . . ?. pR. 30; | vAsiSThaputra pulumAvInA rAye 19mA varSe, ke tarAnAsika | pAri 4-44 tathA vanAra dAdI rANI baLazrI che; TheTha dakSiNa sudhI chata pR. 38, pAri 45 meLavI lIdhAnuM jaNAya che. (lekha nuM chamAM gautamI putrane dakSiNApathapati tarIke ane A lekhamAM pulumAvIne dakSiNApathezvara tarIke jaNAvyo che eTale bannenA arthamAM kAMIka phera che te paNa samajAya che. vaLI ni. kane samaya gautamIputranuM 19muM varSa che ane A naM. 13ne samaya vAsiSThaputranuM 19muM varSa che. eTale bane lekhanI vaccenuM aMtara gatamIputranA

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SaSTrama pariccheda 1 14 15 I. sa. pU. 25; nAsika 16 | I. sa. pU. 23; kArle 12 I. sa. pU. 40; kArle ( nAsika jIlllA) 19 17 banne anizcita / ke. AM. re. pR. 51, pR. 38-39, pAri 46 ane 47 I.sa. 112; nAnAvATa amarAvatI; (khejhavADA pAse ) 17 ja. e. . rA. e. se. navI AvRtti puM 3, pR. 74; . . re. pR. 50 pAra 57 zilAlekhA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 119 AkhA rAjyakALa jeTaluM 25 varSanuM thayuM lekhAze). trirazmi upara rahetA. tapasvIone dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata che. vAsiSThaputra pulumAvI rAjye 22mA varSe ( uparanA lekha pachI traNa varSe ); temAM peAtAne Lord of Navanara=navapurUSonA svAmI tarIke jaNAve che. eTale siddha thAya che ke dezanI jIta meLavyA khAda ja peAte sAhitya kSetramAM joDAyA che, gAthAsaSThatI graMtha paNa A samaye ja racyeA gaNavA rahe ane navaratnA peAtAnI sabhAmAM sthApyAnuM paNa gaNavuM rahe. navuM nagara sthApI rAjapATanI pheravaNI karI hatI te hakIkata kheATI samajavI. pisA(r)padaka ( sudaCna ) sthAnamAM Avela sAmalIpada nAme gAma bakSIsa devAne hukama peAtAnA sUbAne karyo che. vAsiSThaputra pulumAvI urphe rAjA hAlanA; peAtAnA rAjyakALe sAtame varSe. temAM vAluraka gAmanuM dAna munione karyAnuM jaNAvAyuM che. pulumAvI vAsiSThaputraneA, pAtAnA zanya 24mA varSe. pote 21mA varSe je dAna kareluM tenuM smaraNa temAM karAvyuM che. vAsiSThaputra pulumAvInI eka kadakhavaMzI rANInA che. paTarANI nahIM hAya sAdI rANI haze. bhagnAvasthAmAM hAvAthI, tenI matalaba samajI zakAtI nathI. vAsiSThaputra yaMtra zAtakaraNie pAtAnA rAjye 13mA varSe, khAnagI rIte kAMIka ApaNu karyAnI hakIkata lakhI che. vasIne kAtarAvela che. mIti apAI nathI. bhAMvasthAmAM hAvAthI tenA AzayanI samajaNa paDatI nathI. A uparathI sIddha thayuM ke teNe 3 bejhavADA sudhInA mulaka kabaje karyAM hatA. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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*, * * 1. da = + + f g - 130 ] zilAlekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa . . . AMka| samaya tathA sthAna purAvA tathA pramANa I. I. TUMka mAhitI. 20] i. sa. pU. 387; chinnA (kRSNa jIlA) ke. A. 2. pAri 51 | gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNine, ra7mA varSe keta rAyala. khAnagI bAbatano che. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke, tenuM rAjya TheTha kRSNa chalA sudhI vistarela hatuM. gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNinA rAjya mAM varSe tenA eka saradAra (ghaNuM karIne senApati)nI patnie sAdhuone guphAnuM dAna karyAnI noMdha che. 21 I. sa. 129; nAsika I. sa. 178; kaherI ra3| i. sa. 141 () banavAsI () (kenerA chale) malavalI (). (mahisra rAjaya) gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNinA rAje 16mA varSe, karI parvata upara rahetA sAdhuo mATe khetaranuM tathA amuka rokaDa rakamanuM dAna apAyuM che. gautamIputra svAmIzrI yajJa zAtakaraNi rAjaye 19 ) varSe dAna karyuM che. khAnagI dAna saMbhave che. hAritiputra viSNukaDa-cU-zAtakaraNitArIkha guma thaI che. hAritiputraviSNakuDa-cUDha-kulAnaMda zAtakaraNi-pitAnA rAjya 12mA varSe, A lekha meTA maMdiranA kampAunDamAM che. hAritiputra viSNukuDacUTu-zAtakaraNino pitAnA rAjye 1luM varSa-cUTu pAsethI kadaMbAnA hAthamAM vanavAsI gayAnI noMdha che. nAma nahIM darzAvela evA kadaMba rAjAne che. naM. 24, 25 26 ane 28; A cAra lekhamAMnA rAjAene ApaNe samayanA ItihAsa sAthe bahu saMbaMdha na hovAthI tenI vicAraNAnI kAMI agatyatA rahetI nathI. kaliMgapati cakavatAM rAjA khAravele pitAnA rAjya 13mA varSe ketarAvyo hato. temAM teNe gAdIe beThA pachI prati varSe zuM zuM kAryo karyAM hatAM tene vigatavAra hevAla Apyo che, jenuM varNana pu. 4 mAM tenA vRttAMta ApaNe karI batAvyuM che. malavalI (). | (mahisura rAjaya) 27 I. sa. pU.414; - hAthINuM (orisso)

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14ma paccheida ] mIti nathI; talaguda (mahinnura rAjya) 30 anizcita; jaggayA- A. sa. sa. I. pu. 1, peTa stUpa pR. 5 ( impIrIala (kRSNA jIlle) sIrIjha) 29 31 ra 33 3 34 35 miti nathI; nAsika miti nathI; nAsika I. sa. pU. 117, 118 ane 114; nAsika miti nathI; nAsika i. sa. pU. 113; jIntara ( nAsika ) kA. AM. rU. pR. 56 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat zilAlekhA 131 ] kadaMbarAjA kAsthavarmanane ApaNe nisbata nathI. mADharIputra ikSvAku nAma zrI vIrapurUSadattaneA, peAtAnA rAjye 20mA varSe kAtarAvela che. ApaNA samayanI maryAdAmAM AvatA nathI rRkhAteA. kadAca naM. 5vALe mADharIputra paNa hAya; tema Thare tA lekhane samaya I. sa. pU. 298 ( vizeSa mATe tenuM vRttAMta jIA ) AsapAsa kahI zakAya. rUSabhadatta zakanA-trirazmi parvata uparanI guphAnI banAvaTane lagatI hakIkata ApI che. te bAda uttamabhadrone harAvIne puSkara taLAve abhiSeka karAyAnI ane keTalIka gAyAnuM dAna karyAnI noMdha che. chevaTe sAdhuo mATe khArAka meLavavA sabaMdhI hakIkata ApI che. rUSabhadattane; kheravikhera sthitimAM maLela che. Azcaya samAtA nathI. rUSabhadattane; kAIka saMvatanA 42 varSanA AMka temAM che. guphAmAM rahetA munionA nirvAha mATenI jogavAI karyAMnI hakIkata AlekhI che; vaLI gayA varSe je dAna karyuM hatuM temAM vadhArA karyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. chevaTe 45mA varSoMnI amuDhDha hakIkata ApI che. A pramANe 42, 41 ane 45mA varSoMnI traNa hakIkatA ApI che. nahapANu pote, kSaharATa prajAne hAI, teNe peAtAnA pitA bhramakanA rAjyAraMbhathI saMvatsara calAvyeA hatA te A che. nahapANunI putrI mitrA ane jamAI rUSabhadatta sAdhu mATe guphAnuM dAna karyAMnI hakIkata che. nahapANunA pradhAna yame, amuka saMvatsaranA 46mAM varSe dAna karyAnI neAMdha che. ( nahupAzunA pradhAna che tethI nahapANu je saMvatsara-kSaharATa saMvata vAparatA teja A che) rUSabhadattane che. pazu samaya ke sthAnanA nirdeza karyAM nathI. chatAM Apela hakIkatathI, te kAlaigAme lakhAyala hAvAnuM nakkI karI zakAya che. temAM valuraka guphAnA sAdhu mATe karachaka gAmanuM utpanna, dAna karyAnuM jaNuAvyuM che. A dAna gAtamIputra zAtakaraNIe pharIne cAlu karI ApyuM che ( jIo lekha naM. 9). www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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HR ] AMka - samaya tathA sthAna miti nathI; kAla 37 39 40 41 phara 43 I. sa. 195; junAgaDha i. sa. 206; guMdA (kAThiyAvADa) i. sa. 213; junAgaDha I.sa. 225; muLavAsara (kAThiyAvADa-eAkhA) I.sa. 230: jasadaNa (kAThiyAvADa) I. sa. 258; nAsika zilAlekhA purAvA tathA pramANu I. I. kA. AM. rU. pR. 60, e. I. pu. 8 pR. 138 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdAma khaDa TuMka mAhitI rUSabhadattanA putra devaNukA che. samaya ApyA nathI tema Azaya paNa samajAtA nathI. paraMtu bahu upayAgI hAya tema dekhAtuM nathI, rUdradAmanane--pu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta lakhatAM A lekhanI sarva hakIkata jaNAvAI gaI che. kA. AM. rU.mAM tenI sAkSar vize kAMI ja lakhyuM nathI; pazu mULa pustaka epIgrAkriyA inDikA ke jemAM A lekhanuM paMktivAra vivecana karyuM che temAM 72nI sAla lakhI che. A saMvatane zaka gaNI vidvAnoe 72 + 78 =150 I. sa.nI sAla TharAvI che. paraMtu te caNu saMvata 103mAM ( jue pu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta ) zarU thayela hAvAthI teno samaya I. sa. 175 ApaNe gaNAvyA che. rUdrasiMha pahelA, saMvatsara 103, tenA rAjye abhira senApati drabhUtie raseprada nAmanuM gAmaDuM kherAta karyAMnI hakIkata che. Abhira prajAnuM astitva I. sa.nI bIjI sadImAM thayuM hatuM ema nakkI thayuM. drasiMha pahelA--dAna karyAnI hakIkata che. krA. A. rU.mAM 40muM varSe lakhyuM che, paNa te bhUlathI lakhAyaluM samajAya che, kemake naM. 39mAM tenI sAla 103 apAI che, jyAre pu. 4 pR. 375mAM tenuM rAjya 103 thI 119 nI che eTale samajavuMrahe che ke te AMka 110 haze. te hisAbe ApaNe ahIM 213 i. sa. lakhI che. drasena pahelA--122muM vaSa~. Azaya anizcita che. paraMtu taLAvakAMThe te lekha ubhA karAyela che eTale dhArmika Azaya hAvA joie ema dhArI zakAya che. rUdrasena pahelAnA; 126 ke 127mA varSe. taLAva baMdhAvyA vizenI hakIkata che. izvarasena . Abhirane navamA varSetrirazmi upara rahetA sAdhuonA maMdavADa samaye upayAgamAM levAya tevI rakamanA dAnanI noMdha che. traikUTaka ( kalari saMvata)nI A sAla che jethI 249 + 7 = 258 I. sa. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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SaSThama pariccheda ] 44 | I. sa. 546; pAraDI ( surata jIllA ) 45 I. sa. 494 () kanherI samaya i. sa. pU. uparanA lekhAne samayanA anukrama pramANe gADhavIe teA, nIce pramANe tenI tArIja Avaze. je lekhAnA samaya nizcitapaNe lekhAvI zakAya che tenI ja gaNatrI mAtra lIdhI che. khIjA paDatA mUkyA che. 414 30 383 zilAlekhA 113 [ 133 traikuTakarAjA dharasenane--saMvata 207ne che. azvamedha yajJa karI brAhmaNAne dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata che. tenA sikkAmAM jainadharmI cinhA che eTale samajavuM rahe che ke, teNe bApadAdAnA cAlyeA AvatA jainadharma tyajI daI vaidikadharma grahaNa karyAM lAge che te azvamedhu pazu karyAM samajAya che. kadAca te samaye jabaradasta dharmakrAMti paNa thavA pAmI hAya. kartAnuM nAma nathI. paraMtu ra45nI sAla lakhI che. traikUTaka saMvata dhArIne ( naM 43 juo ) tenA samaya 249 + 205 = 454 hamaNAtA TharAvyA che. temAM kRSNagiri ( kALA parvata ) parvatanA krA maThamAM caityanI sthApanA karyAnI teAMdha che. rAjAnuM tathA sthAnanuM nAma Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat rAjA khAravelane-DhAthIguMphrAneA gAtamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNinA chinnAnA gaiAtamIputra yajJazrInI rANI nAganikAnA rIjaMTa tarIkenA---- nAnAghATanA 309 ADharIputra svAmI zakasenaneA--kanherInA be lekhA 298 () | mADharIputra ikSvAku zrI vIrapurUSadattane, jagyApeTanA- 118-117 | rUSabhadatta zakanA; lekha teA eka ja che--paNu traNa sAlanI vigata varNavI che; nAsikanA che. ane 114 nahapANunA-pradhAna ayamane; junneranA- lekhAMka 27 20 1 56 30 33 35 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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134 ] zilAlekho ekAdazama khaMDa ] samaya rAjAnuM nAma tathA sthAnanuM nAma lekhAMka autamIputra zAtakaraNi (dakSiNApathapati) nAsikane saMdara kAle sadara nAsikano vasiputra zAtakaraNi--pulumAvIne sadarane nAsikane . nAsikano sadarane kAleno nAsikane nAsikane sadara (dakSiNApathezvara tarIke) 25 | sadara (navanarapati tarIke) sadarane i. sa. 112 vasiSThaputra catrapaNa zAtakaraNine 1ra9 | gautamIputra svAmi zrI yajJa zAtakaraNine kAle nAnAdhAra nAsika kaherI 138 sadara 141 (4) | sadara 175 junAgaDha mahAkSatrapa rUdradAmanane , rUddhasiMha pahelA guMdA (kAThiyAvADa) 213 sadara junAgaDha 225 20 , rUdrasena pahelAne , sadara izvarasena Abhira dharasena saiTakano mUlavAsara (AkhA) jasadaNa (kAThiyAvADa) nAsika pAraDI (surata) 258 456 484 kartAnA nAma vinAne kaherI

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JSaka : C%96 saptama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra -(1) zrImukha-AMdhra sAmrAjyanA sthApaka rAjA zrImukhanI TUMkamAM Apela oLakha-tenI utpattine, mAtApitAne, sagA tathA oramAna maLIne nava bhAIone tathA pratyekanI umarane batAvelo khyAla-te ane tenA sahadara kRSNanAM janmasthAna vize karelI carcA-jayeSTha putra hovA chatAM, potAnA pitAnI gAdI uparanA hakka kema DubADavAmAM AvyuM ane pariNAme kevAM pagalAM tene bharavAM paDayAM, tene Apela citAra-kayA pradezamAM ane kyAM rAjagAdI sthApI, tene karela vivAda-tenAM kula, jAti, vaMza ane dharma vize anekavidha purAvAthI karI Apela nirNaya-tenA putra parivAranuM Apela varNanarAjapade AvyA pachI teNe karelA kAmonI Apela vigata- chevaTe tenA samakAlInapaNe puSyamitra hovAnuM vidvAnoe je TharAvyuM che, tenI zakayAzakayatA vizenuM karela vivecana (2) gautamI putra yajJazrI-tenA kuTuMba parivAranI karela carcA, ane batAvI Apela umara-mahArathI nAmanA saradAranI Apela oLakha, tathA teonI sAthe kevA saMjogomAM lagna saMbaMdha baMdhAyuM hatuM tenI Apela samajUti-rAjyavistAra tathA rAjanagaranI karelI carcA-vadusatazrI-sagIra vayane hevAne aMge tenI vidhavA mAtA rANInAganikAe hAthamAM lIdhela rAjasattAnuM Apela varNana, tathA kevA saMjogomAM tene karavo paDela gAdityAga vaLI tene savistRta Apela hevAla

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136 ] tenI umara tathA sagAMvahAlAM ekAdarAma khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) rAjavIo viSe kAMIkane kAMIka mAhitImAM vRddhi thatI prathamanA cAra paricchedamAM A vazanA sarva rahe che. paranta kaliga sAmrAjyavALA cedi vaMzanI rAjane vyaktigata jIvana rAjakartA tarIke je kahI sarakhAmaNImAM-kahe ke samasta bhAratavarSanA rAjakartA zakAya, te sivAyanI sAmAnya hakIkata apAI gaI che. vazamAM-A vaMzane zAsanakALa ati dIdhuM hovAthI, have ApaNe te pratyeka rAjavIonuM jIvana vRttAMta lakhIe. temaja te vaMzanA rAjAonI saMkhyA paNa te pramANe (1) rAjA zrImukha taNi vizALa hevAthI, chuTI chavAI saMkSipta mAhitI maLela A vaMzanA AdisthApaka puruSanuM nAma rAjA hovA chatAMye, kAMI ja nathI maLyuM ema kahIe to zrImukha che. tene zilAlekha ane sikakAlekha AdimAM, beTuM nathI. A sthitimAM, tevaMzanI, jene ApaNe prAthazimukha zAtakaraNi tarIke paNa saMbodhAya che. zimukha mika-prastAvika hakIkata kahIe tevI, jemake te vaMzano nAma mAtra mAgadhI svarUpe hoya ema dekhAya che; vaLI Adi puruSa keNa hatuM. tenI utpatti eTale tene zAtakaraNi athavA to koI vakhata zatavahana vizeSaNa janma, kayA mAbApane peTa thavA pAmyo hato tathA paNa, keTalAka vidvAne tenA nAma sAthe joDavAne prerAyA kayA pradezamAM, ne kyA samaye te vaMzano udaya thayo che. A zabdano artha zuM thAya che te prathama paricchede hatA, tevA sAmAnya praznomAMnA keTalAeka jema jema ApaNe savistara samajAvI gayA chIe; te uparathI prasaMga Avato gayo tema tema uparanA chae parispaSTa thaze ke, upara nirdiSTa karela game te nAmathI cachedamAM pRthaka pRthakapaNe ApaNe nivedita karI gayA tene saMbodhavAmAM Ave te paNa etihAsika dRSTie chIe. eTale tenuM punarUAraNa laMbANathI karavA kAMIja phera paDatuM nathI. ApaNe tene rAjA zrImukhanA prayojana rahetuM nathI. paraMtu tenI umara, tenAM sagAMnAmathI ja oLakhAvIzuM. vahAlAM, putraparivAra AdinuM vivecana vagere tenA jIvanauttara hiMdanA aneka rAjavaMzo paratve jema aneka pravAha sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatAM ghaNuM to haju jevAM vidha sAmAnya bAbatanI ApaNe bahu ja TUMka mAhitI rahI gayAM che; te atra tenA jIvanane vyaktigata dharAvatA AvyA chIe-baTa ke kaho ke bIlakula ajhAna paricaya ApatAM pUrve varNavavAnAM che. tema karavAmAM, chIe. uparAMta je jANIe chIe te paNa vikRta je prazna uparamAM jaNAvAI gayA che tene TuMka sAra svarUpe-tema dakSiNa hiMda saMbaMdhI paNa teja dazA pravarte atre jaNAvavo Avazyaka che. saMkSiptamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, che. A sthiti dakSiNa hiMdanA be moTAM sAmrAjya teno janma magadhapati naMda bIjo, jene ApaNe mAMnA ekanuM-kaliMganuM vRttAMta, pu. jemAM ApaNe varNavI mahApadma tarIke oLakhAvI rahyA chIe, tenI zuddha gayA chIe, te uparathI vAcakagaNane spaSTa thaI gaI jAtinI rANI peTa-zikAra karIne haze. teja prakAre A bIjA sAmrAjyanI-zatavahanavazanI tenI umara tathA gujarAna calAvatI evI pAradhi paNa che ema samajI levuM. balake ema kahe ke, A sagAMvahAlAM vargamAMnI ekAda jAtinI zatavahanavaMzanA keTalAka sikkAo temaja zilAlekha kanyAthI-thayo hate. eTale ApaNe vAraMvAra maLI AvatA rahe che eTale temAMnA aneka tene zuddha kSatriya na kahetAM, mizravaNunI olAdanA (1) ke. . ra. pra. pU.42, pArI. para:-The fo- khALyo che. parantu te banne eka ja nAma hovAnuM manAyuM che. under of the line bears the name "Satavahan tethI atra eka nAmano ja nirdeza karela che. inscribed over his statue in the Nanaghat (3) je AMdha zabda nati (1) vAcaka (juo u5ramAM 5. cave (Raja Srimukh satavahano) nAnAghATanI 20) hoya te, te. pAradhi varganI eka ati vizeSa samagakSamAMnA putaLAnI nIce, te vaMzanA sthApaka tarIke "zAtavAhana' javI, pAradhine te dhaMdhe ja che, paraMtu je gotranI te kanyA nAma (rAyA simukha zAtavAhane) kotarAvAyuM che. che (juo AgaLa upara A parione putra parivAravALe (1) matsyapurANamAM tene zizuka nAmathI paNa oLa- pAsTiApha) te ucca brAhmaNatrIya samajAya che,

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sakSama pariccheda ] eka pharajaMda tarIke oLakhAvIzuM. te vaMzanI Adi mahAvIra saMvata 100 (zata)mAM=I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM thavAthI tene rAtavahanavaMza tarIke paNa oLakhAvAye| che. temaja aneka prasaMgA-te vaMzanA rAjAonAM jIvana sAthe joDAyala heAvAthI temane AMdhrapati, AMdhrabhRtyA, zAtakaraNi, ItyAdI upanAmeA paNa tene lagADavAmAM AvyAM che. A pramANe eka vastusthiti hAvAne khyAla apAI gayA che. tema A zrImukhane paNu keTalAMka upanAme lagADI zakAya tema che. have ApaNe tenA janma kayAre thayA, eTale ke teNe ma. saM. 100mAM peAtAnA vaMzanI sthApanA karI te samaye tenI uMmara keTalI hatI, te bAda teNe keTalAM varSa sudhI rAjya karyuM ne keTalI uMmare maraNa pAmyA, pra. prazno hyuvAne prayatna karIzuM. tema karavAmAM je keTalIka hakIkata jANI cUkayA chIe tenI punarukti pazu kadAca karavI paDaze temATe prathamathI kSamA mAMgI laI e. ApaNane kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke te naMda khIjAne putra hatA. A naMdakhIjAnuM maraNu ma. saM. 100. sa. pU. 42mAM nIpajyuM hatuM. naMda bIjAne aneka rANIe hatI, temAM kSatriyANI temaja zUdrANI paNa hatI. ane te rANIone kuMvarA janmyA hatA. jyAre rAjAnuM maraNu thayuM tyAre kayA kumArane gAdIe besAravA tenI khaTapaTa jAgI hatI ane chevaTe te praznane ema tADa kADhavAmAM AvyA hatA ke kSatrANIAyA kuMvarane gAdIe esAravA. A hakIkata ja siddha kare che ke, kSatriyANInA kuMvarA karatAM, zUdrANI peTe janmela krAi zrIsukhanI umara tathA sagAMvahAlAM [ 137 kuMvara moTA DhAvA joie ja ane svAbhAvika niyama pramANe te moTA kuMvaranA hakka prathama hovA joI e. parantu te samaya sudhI tevA dAkhalA mesela nahi hAvAthI amAtyajatAne ane rAjakAraNamAM paDela anya karmacArione A praznane nikAla samAdhAnapUrvaka lAvavA jarUra ubhI thayela. A pramANe khIjI sthiti che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat trIjI bAju ema paNa hakIkata che ke magadhanI gAdIe naMda trIjAthI AThamA sudhInA, mahApadmanA kSatriyANIjAyA kuMvarA AvyA hatA. te sarvenuM eka pachI eka maraNa nipajatAM ane temane kAine putra na hovAthI, pAchA krIne ekavAra e ja prazna upasthita thayA hatA ke magadhanI gAdI have krAne soMpavI. te vakhate paNa chevaTe emaja nikAla lAvavAmAM AvyeA hatA ke kANIjAya! kumArane svayameva gAdI suprata karI zakAya tema teA nathI ja, kemake tema thAya teA prathama vakhate jene anyAya thai rahyA hato tevA, rAjA zrImukhane khATuM lAge. vaLI A rAjA zrImukha te atyAre kAMIka baLavAna paNa banavA pAmyA hatA eTale gusse thaIne magadha upara halle| lAvI tyAMnI thaI paDela rAjyanI DAmADALa ane dhaNIdhArI vinAnI sthitimAM gAdInA kamo paNa karI le, tema rAjakuTuMbane najIkanA kASTa evA khesI puruSa nathI ke jenA rAjyAbhiSeka karI levAya. AvI paristhitimAM evuM TharAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ke rAjyanI hAthaNIne padivya sAthe zaheramAM pheravavI ane je puruSane mAthe te divya sthApana kare tene rAjyapade sthApita karavo. jeI ne, peAtAnI putrI tene paraNAvI hatI. (4) rAjA zreNuika (4) te samaye jAti vizeSa naheAtI, eTale pachI jJAti madhAraNa jevA zabdanuM paNa astitva naheAtuM ja. kevaLa varNa-vAte vaizya kanyA paraNyA hatA temaja peAtAnI vIne ama ane zreNIoja hatI. eTale rATI vyavahAra tyAM beTI vyavahAra jevA niyama cAlatA hatA. tethI AMtaravarSIya lagna paNa thatAM hatAM. tevAM keTalAMye draSTAMte khatAvI zakAze (je samayanI vAta karI rahyA chIe te ma. sa. 100ne che) temAMnAM keTalAMkaH--(1) rAnta zrImukhaneA janma bhinna bhinna varSIya mAbApane peTaeN thayA hatA (ra) rAjA naMda bIjo, aneka varNamAMnI kanyA paraNyA hatA. (3) navamA naMdanA rAjyAbhiSeka thayA te pUrvaja, kAi brAhmaNazAstrIe tenI ja kuMDaLI vaizyaputra vere paraNAvI hatI. (5) uparokta samaya bAda zeDA varSe thayela caMdraguptasamrATanA mAtAnA kuLa vize ane anumAnA pracalita che. (6) hiMdusAra paNa brAhmaNukanyA paraNyA che. (7) samrATa azoka vaizya temaja cavana kanyA paraNyA che, i. i. i. (5) zrImukha pAte mahApadmaputra hatA te ApaNe sAbita karI gayA heAIne ja, A zabda prayAga ahIM rAyA che. 18 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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138 ] zrImukhanI umara tathA sagAMvahAlAM [ ekAdazama khaMDa te pramANe karatAM, bhAgyavazAta tevA ja purUSanI varaNI meTA kuMvarane gAdIe besAravAne vAMdho Avyo na ja thavA pAmI hatI ke, je vyakita marahama rAjA mahA- heya, paraMtu AvI muzkelI temane paDI nahatI, patAne kuvara ja hatA. paraMtu zukrANIne peTe janmela temaja temanI uMmara vizena kayAMya eka zabda suddhAMta hovAthI jene amAtyajane dezakuLanA vyavahAra pramANe uccArAyA hoya ema vAcavAmAM paNa mAnyuM ne gAdI upara besAravAne acakAtA hatA. matalaba e thaI ulaTuM haju ema vAMcavAmAM AvyuM che-kahevAyuM che ke te ke A vakhate apavAdarUpa gaNAtA mahApadmanA zadvANI- putra sahodaro hatA. ane tevI sthiti heya-bake che jAyA kavaraneja gAdI maLI ane te navamA naMda tarIke ja-te dareka vaccenuM aMtara kAmamAM kama doDhathI be varasanuM magadhapati thayo. A samaye (ma. saM. 112 I. sa. rahevuM joIe. te hisAbe 10-11 varSane umere pU. 415) tenI uMmara 21-22 varSanI hatI ( A karatAM sarvathI moTAnI. eTale naMda trIjAnI uMmara pite badhI hakIkata mATe pu. 1mAM tenuM vRttAMta juo.) magadhapati banyo tyAre kamamAM kama 24-25nI Asa upara varNavAyelI traNe paristhitine jo ekatrita pAsa hovAnuM kare che. vaLI ApaNe pUravAra karI gayAM karIne guMthIzuM te mAlama paDaze ke rAjA mahApadmanuM chIe ke kumAra zrImukhanI uMmara te naMda trIjA karatAM maraNa ma. sa. 99-100mA thatAM, gAdIvArasa mATe prazna moTI ja hatI. eTale sahaja anumAna karI zakAya che jAbha have te pharIne naMda AThamAnA maraNa bAda ke, tenI uMmara 27-28 varSanI bake tethI paNa upasthita thayo hato. ane banne samaye rAjA mahApadmanA vadhAre haze ja. vidvAnoe tenI uMmara lagabhaga 35-36 ja kamArane gAdI suprata karavAmAM AvI hatI. alabatta varSanI TevI che te kAMI khoTuM nathI. paraMtu teo kayAM prathamanA avasara (ma. saM. 100mAM) kSatriyakuvaranI purAvAnA AdhAre te nirNaya upara AvyA che te varaNI thaI hatI jyAre dvitIya avasare (ma. sa. jaNAyuM nathI eTale tenI tapAsamAM utarI zakAya tema 113mAM) zukrANI tanaya upara pasaMdagI utArI hatI. nathI. mATe saraLa mArga e ja che ke te benI vacceA bane prasaMga vaccenuM aMtara tera varSanuM che. eTale 2 thI 3 vaccene-mArga akhatyAra karo ane navame naMda pote jyAre gAdIpati thaye tyAre 21-22 tenI uMmara batrIsanI TharAvavI. varSano je hate (juo pu. 1) te, potAnA pitAnA A sarva hakIkatane sAra (rAjA zrImukhanAM sagAMmRtyu samaye-kahetAM, pote gAdIe beThe te pUrve tera vahAlAM tarIke) e thayo ke, rAja mahApane sauthI varSe navathI daza varSano hato tema kahI zakAya. ane moTA putra dvANIne peTe thayo hato, te bAda cha putro naMda trIjAthI ATha sudhInA cha e rAjA, bhale mahA. kSatriya rANIpeTe janmyA hatA, te pachI eka putra padmanA kSatriyANI peTe janmela kuMvaro hatA paNa (navame naMda) zuddha pANInA peTe janmyA hatA. eTale navamA nadathI umaramAM moTA te hatA ja; eTale 11 ke rAjA naMda bIjAne ATha putra thayA hatA tathA kSatriya varSathI moTA hatA ema sAbita thaI gayuM. have che ane zuddha jAtinI rANIo paNa hatI. A chae kamAra bhinnabhinna mAtAnA udarathI janmyA hoya bIjo prazna uThe che ke zrImukhanI ane navamAM naMdanI-te te te te sarvenI uMmara vaccenuM aMtara, bilakula na banI mAtAne zraddhANI te kahI che paraMtu te eka ja paNa hoya ane heya paNa kharuM. je aMtara na ja hoya vyakti che ke bhinna bhinna te kaLAyuM nathI. jo ke, mAMnA sarvathI moTAnI uMmara 11-12 ke bahu te pu. 1 mAM ApaNe ema sAbita karI gayA chIe ke 13 varSanI AsapAsamAM hoya. ane je ke te umara te te bane badI rANIo hatI. temaja rAjA zrImukhane samaye pAkI (major) gaNAtI hatI eTale temAMnA eka sadara zrIkRSNa nAme hate (juo uparamAM (9) ke, A. re pArA-23-It is probable that nakI che ke, kaccha te zrImukhano bhAI hate. Krsna was the brother of Srimukha=eu 214241

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sasama paricacheda ] anya vicAravA yogya prazna [ 139 pR. 91, lekha naM. 2.) eTale tene paNa mahApadrane sAra e thayo ke, yuvarAja mahApadma pitAnA pitAnI kuMvara ja gaNa rahe. A pramANe rAjA mahApavane haiyAtimAM A zadvANI sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. kayAM ekaMdare navaputra ane ochAmAM ochI traNa rANIe- magadhapatinA yuvarAjanuM sthAna pATaliputra? ane kayAM eka kSatriya ane be zaka jAtinI-thai, ane te sarvenI A dvANIne vatana muMbaI ilAkAnA kAnArA jIllAmAM? gaNanA rAjA zrImukhanA sagAMvahAlAmAM paNa karAvavI rahI. te bene meLa kema khAdhA te prazna vicAro rahe che. rAjA zrImukhanI umara ApaNe 32 varSanI TharAvI ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe ke (juo che ane tenuM rAjya 13 varSa cAlyuM hovAnuM sAbita pu. 1. naMdivardhana rAjya) naMdapahelAe dakSiNa hiMdanA thAya che (juo pR. 39 nI vaMzAvaLI tathA prAMto jevAke, aparAMta ane tenAthI paNa dakSiNa pR. 112 mAM lekha . 20 nuM vivecana ) eTale tene Avela bhUmine pradeza jItI lIdhuM hatuM eTale mAnavuM AyuSya 45 varSanuM thayuM ane tenA saphedara kRSNane rahe che ke, A sarva pradezo phAve to pite svahaste chatI pAMceka varSa nAno mAnIe te tenI uMmara, rAjA lIdhA hoya ke potAnA yuvarAjanI saradArI taLe sainya zrImakha jyAre gAdIpati thayo-eTale ke ma. saM. 100 mokalIne te jItI lIdhA hoya. paraMtu jItI lIdhA hatA mAM pitAnA vaMzanI sthApanA karI-tyAre satAvIsa teTaluM nakkI che. A be sthitimAMthI vadhAre saMbhavanIya varSanI gaNavI paDaze. ane te hisAbe zrImukhane ane to ema lAge che ke, yuvarAjane ja tyAM mekalyo haze. zrIkRSNano janma anakrame ma. sa. 68 (I. sa. pU. teNe te jItI laIne tyAMja rahevAnuM pasaMda karyuM lAge 459) ane ma. sa. 73 (I. sa. pU. 454 ) mAM che, balake kaho ke jema mauryavaMzI samrAToe jItelA thayAnuM gaNavuM raheze. pradezomAM potAnA sagAMone sUbA tarIke nImavAno uparanA pArisAke joI gayA chIe ke rAjA rIvAja pADayo hatotema A naMdivardhane paNa te prathAnuM zrImukhane janma ma. sa. 68=I. sa. pU. 459 mAM anukaraNa karyuM hatuM. matalaba e thaI ke, naMdivardhana thayo hato. teno janma te sAlamAM rAjAe jema potAnA kSatriya baMdhuo-licchavI anya vicAravA thayo che eTale tenI mAtAe jAtinA-kadaMbe, pakSa, celAo I. I. (juo pu. gya prazna garbha dhAraNa karyAne kALa tathA 1, tevuM vRttAMta) ne rAja hakumata calAvavA nImyA hatA teNInuM mahApA sAthe lagna thayAne tema mauryavaMzIoe tenuM anukaraNa karyuM hatuM. uparAMta kALa Teka varSa pahelAMno eTale I. sa. pU. 46 0-1 rAjA naMdivardhane vizeSatA e karI lAge che ke pitAnA no gaNavo paDaze. te paNa tenI umara-rAjyapade te jJAtibaMdhu saradArene pRthaka pRthaka pradeza upara Avyo tyAre-32 varSanI gaNIe chIe tyAre-paraMtu sattAdhikAre sthApIne, te sarva upara dekharekha rAkhavAne vidAnAe pAMtrIsa uparanI jema umara AMkI che tema pitAnA yuvarAjane niyukta karyo hate. A kAraNathI ja TharAvIe te, tenI mAtAnuM lagna haju paNa cAreka cuTukAnaMda-mULAnaMda (naMdarAjA sAthe sagapaNanI gAMThavarSa vaheluM eTale I. sa. pU. 464-5 mAM thayAnuM vALA che evA bhAvArthasUcaka nAme) nAmanI vyaktilekhavuM raheze. A bemAMthI game te samaya , paraMtu enA. te te pradezamAMthI sarva sattAdhIzapaNe hAya evI eTaluM cokkasa che ke, A samaye (I. sa. pU.465 sthiti darzAvatA, sikkAo maLI Ave che. yuvarAja thI 461 sudhI) magadhapati tarIke te rAjA naMdi mahApadmanuM gAdIsthAna kolhApura ke tenI AsapAsamAM vardhana-naMdapahelAnI ANa pravartI rahI hatI, haze ane tyAM A prANI kanyAnA rUpathI mAhita kAraNa ke tenuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 456 mAM thayuM che. eTale thaI-jema azoke vidizAnA vaizya zreSTinI rUpavatI (7) azokanA samaye paNa jJAti jevuM baMdhAraNa nahotuM lagnanA kAraNane lIdhe purANukAe je "kALAzaka"nuM bi34 ane eka bIjA kanyA letA detA hatA. te mahApavAnA samaye ApI dIdhuM che te kevuM asthAne che te A uparathI samajAze. to tevA lagna para kAMI bAdha paNa na hoya te dekhItuM ja bIjI rIte paNa tene kALAzaka nathI kahI zakAto te mATe che, baTuke chAza paNa nahe, eTale mahApAne kevaLa AvA pu. 1mAM mahApavAnuM vRttAMta jIe Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rAjakIya paristhiti ane AMdhrarAjyanI sthApanA 140 ] kanyA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM tema-teNI sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. pariNAme rAjA zrImukha ane kRSNa nAme be putro teNIne thayA hatA. A banne putronA janma, kAravAra jIllAmAM ja thayA hatA ke magadhanI bhUmi upara, te nakkI karavAnI sAmagrI prApta thai nathI. paraMtu yuvarAja mApadmane tarata ja-deza jItIne TUMka samayamAM ja-svadeza pAchuM pharavuM thayuM hAya te putrAnA janma magadhanI bhUmi upara thaye| gaNAze; paraMtu jo te pradezamAM yuvarAjanA adhikAra-mUkhApade rahIne rAjyAdhikAra calA| hAya ane rAjA maMdivardhananA aMtakALe ja magadha tarapha prayANa karavuM paDayuM hAya tA, putronA janma dakSiNa hiMdamAM temanA mAzALamAM ja thayeA heAvAnuM gaNavuM paDaze. pu. 1 mAM sAbita karAyuM che ke, magadhapati naMda pahelAnuM rAjya samasta bhAratavarSamAM tapavA pAmyuM hatuM ane tethI ja itihAsarAjakIya paristhiti kArAe tenuM nAma, vardhana ane AMdhra vadhAranArUM ene gaMbda joDIne rAjyanI sthApanA naMdivardhana-naMdavarSoMna pADayuM che. tenI gAdIe AvanAra tenA putra, naMda khIjAe urphe mahApadma paNa magadha sAmrA jyanI, tene te sthiti thADAka apavAda sivAya lagabhaga jALavI rAkhI hatI; je apavAda banavA pAmyA hatA te A pramANe hatA. naMdivardhananA uttarakALe, hiMdanA pUrva kinAre Avela kaliMga upara tenA rAjakartA cedi vaMzanA eka avazeSekSemarAje--peAtAnA vaMzanI puna: sthApanA karI hatI. teNe dhIme dhIme pAtAnI sattA majabUta banAvI hatI eTaluM ja nahi, paNa tenI pAchaLa gAdIe AvanAra tenA putra vRddhirAje, peAtAnA yuvarAja bhikhkhurAjanI saradArI nIce lazkara meAkalI kAMlagadezanI dakSiNe Avela, pUrva hiMdanA sarva dariyA kinArA kabaje karI lIdhA hatA. matalaba ke AkhA ye dakSiNahiMdanA pUrvAM kinArA cedivaMzanI sattAmAM cAlyeA gayeA hatA, jyAre pazcima kinArA upara magadhapatinI ANu pravatI rahI hatI. A sthiti nIpajAvavAmAM rAjA mahAnaMdanI nirbaLatA karatAM, zAMticAhaka manA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat { ekAdazama khaMDa dazA vadhAre javAbadAra hatI. dakSiNahiMdanA pazcima kinArA jo ke, dekhItI rIte magadhanI ANumAM ja hatA, parantu te upara hakumata calAvavA naMdavaMzanA saradArA-AzritA vagere jevA ke, mULAnaMda, cUTrakArna, dhULAnaMda 4.8 nimAyA hatA. temane paNa jamAnAnI tAsIrane lIdhe rAjalAbhanA pAsa teA lAgyA ja hatA, eTale teo bhale udhADI rIte magadhapatinI sAme baMDa uThAvI nahAtA zakatA, chatAM manamAM te evA sama samI rahyA hatA ke, jarA jeTaluM kAraNa maLatAM svataMtra banI javAne taiyAra thai kheThA hatA. tevAmAM ma. saM. 100. sa. pU. 427 mAM rAjA mahApadmanuM maraNu nIpajyuM ane manamAnatA saMjogA temane maLI gayA. AgaLanA pR jaNAvI gayA pramANe, rAjA nakhIjAne naveka putro hatA temAM sauthI moTA e-zrImukha ane kRSNa tathA sauthI nAnA eka (je navamA naMda urphe mahAnaMda tarIke magadhapati banavA pAmyA che te) maLI traNa kuMvarA zUdrANI peTe, ane vaccenA cha kuvA kSatriyANI peTe janmyA hatA. te samayanA niyama pramANe zraddhANIjAyA kuMvarane gAdI suprata karavAnuM vidhAna nahi haiAvAthI, moTA DAvA chatAM prathamanA e kuMvareAne hakka DUbADI daI te, kSatriyajAyAene gAdIe besADavAmAM AvyA hatA. A sthitine lIdhe, rAjyamAM hADA vadhI gayA hatA temaja dhaNI avyavasthA thai paDI hatI. A takano lAbha laI pelA saradArA je pazcima kinArA upara devaLa magadhapatinA sUbAnI hakumata tarIke ja, hakumata calAvI rahyA hatA teo svataMtra banI gayA tathA teoe peAtapotAnA rAjavaMzeA sthApI dIdhA. eTale rAjA mahApadmanA maraNa pachI the|DA samayamAM ja krama jANe AkhA ya dakSiNahiMda magadhasAmrAjyamAMthI gayeA hAya tevI sthiti ubhI thavA pAmI hatI. mAtra uttaraviMda ja kharI rIte magadhanI saMpUrNa ANumAM hatA. jo ke tyAM paNa khaLabhaLATe dekhA tA dIdhA ja hatA, parantu rAjakarmacArIonA majabUta hAtha ane rAjya calAvavAnI dUraMdezIthI badhuM ThIka ThIka jaLavAI rahyuM hatuM. A pramANe uttara ane dakSiNahiMdamAM khasI www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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. mAna vAgAma === == . ! == he * * * * saptama paricheda ] rAjakIya paristhiti ane AMdhrarAjyanI sthApanA [ 14 rAjakIya vAtAvaraNa jAmI paDayuM hatuM. sthiti haju prApta karI zako nahato. eTale vicAra - have jyAre kaMvara zrImukha ane kRSNanA hakka upara karyo ke, potAnA mosALa evI dakSiNe mahArASTranA tarApa paDI tyAre temane mane paNa magadhamAM rahevuM kaeNnerA jIllA sudhI pahoMcI jaI tyAMnA caTakAnaMdaapamAnajanaka lAgyuM hatuM paraMtu uttarahiMdamAM te mULAnaMda vagerenI kumaka ane sahAnubhUti meLavI laIne magadhanI sattAno karaDe vAgI rahela hevAthI, pitAnI pachI AgaLa vadhavuM te ThIka che, pote atyAre je kAMI kArIgIrI phAve tema nathI evuM vicArI, temaNe varADa prAMtamAM AvIne ubho che tyAMthI pUrva tarapha dakSiNahiMda tarapha utaravA dhAryuM. temAM bevaDI murAda prayANa karIne, varSabharamAM ja tAjetaramAM liMgapati hatI. eka e ke, dakSiNamAM magadhanI sattA sAme banI beThela rAjA bhikhurAja upara hallo laI jaI khaLabhaLATa je jA hato teno lAbha uThAvAya ane tene harAvIne pote sarva sattAdhIsA dakSiNApathapati bIjI e ke pitRpakSathI duHkhiyAruM baneluM mANasa banI besavuM te ThIka. bhikhurAje atyAre re7mAM saMkaTa samaye AzvAsana meLavavA jema mAtRpakSanA varSamAM praveza karyo hato, jyAre pite tenA karatAM Azraye javA utkaMThA dharAve che, tema pitAnA mosALamAM pAMca sAta varSe moTo paNa hatA. bIjI bAju paNa javAya tathA tyAM jaI temanI madada meLavI bhikhurAje, yuvarAja tarIke mAtra daza varSanI ane pitAno rAjakIya hetu siddha karI zakAya. A pramANenA rAjakartA tarIke kevaLa savA varSanI ja-maLIne ekaMdare bevaDA AzayathI temaNe dakSiNano mArga lIdho hato. bAreka varSanI ja rAjya calAvavAnI tAlIma lIdhI temAM magadhanA rAjasattAdhIzoe kAMIka madada paNa karI hatI tyAre pote magadhapatinA yuvarAja tarIke zreyAMya ApyAnuM kahI zakAya. kAraNa ke je magadhamAM ja teo vadhAre varSanI tAlIma lIdhI hatI. uparAMta kaliMga rahe to niraMtara muzkelIo ubhI karyA kare ne TharI ThAma karatAM anekagaNuM samRddhivAna ane mahatvanI dRSTi besavAne vAra na AvavA de dakSiNamAM utaravAne be ucca gaNAtA magadha sAmrAjyanA aMgata purUSa tarIke mArga kahevAya. cheka pUrvamAMthI utarI. kaliMgane vadhIne rAjakhaTapaTa ane patA-kauzalyamAMthI sasarA pAra avAya paNa tyAM te rAjA bhikhurAja urphe khAravelane utaravAne jAti anubhava lIdho hato. jethI pote sAmane karavuM paDe tema hatuM. jyAM potAne paga mUkavAne dareka rIte bhikharAja karatAM sarasAI bhogave che eTale paNa sAMsA hoya (kemake temAM te tene magadhanI bhUmi tene jItI levAnuM bahu kaThina kArya nathI. A vicAra uparathI ja sAmano karavo paDe) tyAM sAmano karAya AvatAM. te mArga prathama grahaNa karavA tatpara banyA zI rIte ? eTale zrImukhe te mArga mUkI daI, buMdelakhaMDa- ne pitAthI jeTaluM baLa ekaThuM thaI zake teTaluM ekatrita revAnI hadanA raste, madhyaprAMtamAMthI saMsaravA utarI karI. kaliMganI pazcima bAjuethI humale zarU karyo. varAprAMtamAM thaIne mahArASTramAM javAno mArga lIdhe. prathama to rAjA khAravele A humalAnI bahu darakAra ne vacce AvatI ghaDI ghaNI pRthvIno mAlika paNa banyo.9 karI. parantu jyAre mAluma paDayuM ke temAM pote mATI - paranta rAjyanI sthApanA karI, bhUpati banavA mATe bhUla khAdhI che eTale teNe paNa evI jabarajasta taiyArI rAjyagAdInuM nirmANa karI sattA jamAvavA jevI karI ane pote ja lazkaranI saradArI laIne e (8) juo pu. 2mAM pU, 102-4 upara sikkAcitra naM. kala-paranAM varNana. (9) AgaLa upara hakIkta juo. - (1) juo tRtIya paricchede tathA pu. 2-5. 110 (11) bhikhurAja i. sa. pU. 4294ma. saM. 98mAM gAdie beThe tyAre pacIsa varSano hato (juo hAthIguphAne zilAlekha-pu. 4mAM tenuM jIvanavRttAMta) ane A banAva ma. saM. 100 = I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM, eTale tenA rAjyanA bIjA varSe banyo che tethI 25+227 varSanI tenI uMmara lakhI che, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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142 ] chApA mAryA ke zrImukhane pAchA haThI javuM paDayuM tathA nAsatA zrImukhanI pU pakaDI ane rastAmAM AvatA sarva pradeza bALI nAMkhyeA (jIe hAthIcukAnA zilA lekha). chevaTe zrImukhe lAcAra banI, pazcima ghATamAM TheTha gAdAvarI nadInA taTa pradeze AvelA nAsika pAsenI bhUmino Azraya lIdho.. eTale vizeSa pU' pakaDavI nirarthaka lekhI, peAtAnuM mAMDaLikapaNuM svIkarAvI (!) bhikhkhurAja svadeze pAA pharyAM. zrImukhe A vibhAgamAM AvelA iMThane12 ke jInnerane surakSita jANI-banAvIne tyAM peAtAnI rAjagAdI sthApI. A pramANe AMdhra rAjyanI sthApanA ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pU. 427 mAM nAsika jIllAmAM thaI. A samaye samasta bharatakhaMDamAM akeMdrita rAjya--gaNarAjyanI pRthA cAlatI hAvAthI13AMdhrarAjyanA samAveza kaliMgasAmrAjyamAM gaNI zakAya nahi. parantu kaliMgapatie AMdhrapatine zikata ApelI hAvAthI, te tenA khaMDiyA gaNI zakAya ane teTale daraja zrImukhane AMdhrabhatya 14 tarIke lekhA rahe che. rAjya sthApanA pachI jema rAjadvArI zetraMjanI aneka ramatA ramI te rIDhArama thai gayA hatA tema jIvananI aneka lIlI sUkI joi lIdhela heAvAthI mahattvakAMkSA upara saMyama rAkhatA paNa zIkhyA hatA. eTale te gAdI upara AvyA tyAre jo ke uchaLatA lAhIne!-gaDhApacIsInI uMmaranA tA nahAtA ja, chatAM ekadama zAMta paDI gayela leAhIneA paNa nahotA. vaLI je saMyAgAmAM tene pitRbhUminA tyAga karavA paDayA rAjya sthApanA pachI (12) A rAjagAdInuM sthAna, nAsikanI pUrva AveluM Pyton=paiThana (vidrAnAe A sthAna gaNAvyuM che) kahevAya ke nAsikanI pazcime AveluM Paint=peTa kahevAya te vizenI samajUti mATe caturthAM paricchede jIe. jInnaranI hakIkata paNa tyAMthI ja joI levI. (13) A samaya ma, sa, 100nA che jyAre gaNa rAjyanI prathA nAbuda karavAnAM prathama pagalAM bharanAra, caMdragupta mauryanA pradhAna cANAkraya che; jene samaya A pachI 50-60 varSa che. A prathAne sadaMtara nAza te zuMgavaMzI amalai Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaMDa T hatA tethI tenuM leAhI keTaleka aMze ukaLI paNa AvyuM hatuM; jethI eka yuvAnanI peThe kAma karavAne utsAhI rahyA karatA hatA chatAM, prathama vale makSikA jevuM, khAravelanI sAthenA yuddhamAM anubhavavuM paDayuM hAvAthI, hamezAM bahu vicArIne AgaLa dhapavAnA guNa keLavI zakayA hatA. tethI tenA jIvanamAM jyAM te tyAM savArI laI jaI AkramaNa karyAnA prasaMgA ubhA thaela najare paDatA nathI. jo ke te pAtAne haMmezAM " vilavayapura " nA upanAmathI ja15 saMmeAdhatA dekhAya che eTale anumAna karavuM rahe che ke teNe potAnA rAjya amalanA bAkInA sarva samayamAM- tere varSamAM-kayAM ya hAra khAdhI nahi hAya athavA ta gajA uparAMtanuM pagaluM bharI nAmeAzI vaheArI lIdhI nahi haiAya. bahubahu te nAnI nAnI caDAI e karI, rAjya vistAramAM saMgIna umerA ja karyA karyAM haro. pUrva taraphanA kaliMga prAMta upara rAnna khAravela jIvatA jAgatA beThA hatA eTale te khAjIne teA vicAra paNa kalpyA nahi hAya. khAkI saMbhava che ke, dakSiNamAM potAnA meAzALa evA kAlhApuranI sarahada sudhIteA prAMta kabaje karI, tyAMsudhI Adhipatya meLavyuM hAya, temaja uttaramAM je varADaprAMta ane madhyaprAMtamAMthI pAte mArga kADhI rahyo hatA, te bhUmipaNa potAnI sattAmAM lAvI zakayA haiAya; jo ke tema banyAnA kAI saMgIna pUrAvA maLatA nathI khaju te pradeza tenA putra-gautamIputra yajJazrInA samaye AMdhra sAmrAjyamAM umerAyA hoya e vizeSa saMvita dekhAya che. eTale sarve paristhiti jotAM ane tenA sikkA je pradezamAMthI maLI AvyA azvamedha thavA mAMDayA tyArathI eTale ma. sa. 345 pachIthI ja gaNI zakAze, (14) sarakhAvA uparanI TI. naM. 13 (je uparathI mAlUma paDaze ke ma. sa. 745 sudhI jIMganRtya zabda paNa vaparAzamAM hateA) tathA pu. ramAM pR. 114 DhI, na'. 145; tathA khulAsA mATe pu. 1, pR. 154, TI, na'. 13 ane pU. 390 TI, na 47 jI. (15) A rAbdanA artha mATe pu.2. pR. 106-8mAM sikkA naM. 56thI 58 sudhInA varNana ane tene lagatI TIphAe vAMca www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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kula jAti ane vaMza vize vadhu prakAza [ 143 prajAvAcaka che tene jAti sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. tyAre prazna thAya che ke A prajA kai jAtinI hatI. ApaNe pu. 1 mAM zizunAgavaMzanI hakIkata lakhatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe ke te saMtrIjI-trIjI nAme eka kSatriya samuhanI je aDhAra jeTalI--licchavI, mala, zAya kadaMba, pAMDayA, cAllA, maiArya, pallava I. I. zAkhA hatI temAMnI malla nAme jAtinA kSatriyeA hatA. eTale ke zizunAga pAte tathA tenA vaMzajo, rAjA biMbisAra-zreNika Adi sarve, malla jAtinA kSatriya kahI zakAya. vaLI zizunAga vaMza ane naMda vaMza baMne eka ja jAtinA kSatriye| hatA. parantu, ekatA-zizunAgane - vaMzavelA temaja janasaMkhyA baheALI hAvAthI tene meATA nAgavaMza kahevAtA, jyAre nadanA vaMzavelA ane janasaMkhyA pahelAnA pramANamAM nAnI hAvAMthI tene nAnA nAgavaMza paNa kahevAya che. matalakha ke aMte vaMzanA rAjA-zizunAgavaMzI ane naMdavaMzI-malajAtinA kSatriyA che. vaLI rAjA zrImukhanI utpatti vagerenA itihAsa AlekhatAM ( jIe trIjA paricchedaeN ) sAkhIta karI gayA chIe ke te, magadhapati khIjA naMda eTale Caste (jJAti) kai Stock, (AkhA varga-rphe mahApadmanA putra hatA. eTale rAjA zrImukhane tathA samuha) evA arthamAM nathI vaparAyA. te nIce Apela thaDAka vivecanathI spaSTa thaze. Nation zabdane mukhyatve sthAnaparatve saMbaMdha hAya che; bhale pachI te khaMDa, IlAkA ke prAMtane anusarIne nAma apAyuM heAya; jemake khaMDane AzrIne European, Asiatic, ilAkAnA AzrIne Bengalis, Madrasis, prAMtane AzrIte Gujaratis, Deccanis; I. i. zabda vaparAya che, chatAM turataja samajI zakAya che ke tevAM nAmane tenI aMdaranA nAnA vADA sAthe, samudra sAthe (jevAke, brAhmaNa ke kSatriya; hiMdu, zIkha ke musalamAna i.) saMbaMdha hAtA nathI; eTale ke jAti zabda te, eka prajAnA (Nation) nAnA nAnA samuha (game te kAraNe tevA samuhane geAThavavAmAM AvyA heAya te judI ja vastu vAcaka che. matalaba ke prajA (Nation) bahu vizALa svarupacaka che jyAre jAti tenI peTAmAM samAi jatA zabda che. haeNve samajAze ke AMdhra zabda tenA vaMzajone paNu, naMdarAjAenI peThe malla jAtinA ja kahI zakAze. pachI bhale navaMzI rAjAe zuddha kSatriya leAhImAMthI udbhavyA hAya ane zrImukha vagere mizra elAdanA pariNAmarUpe hAya. parantu temane malla jAtinA kahevAmAM jarAye saMkrAca anubhavavA paDe tema nathIja. A ApaNA kathanane vaLI e uparathI samarthana maLe che ke rAjA zrImukhanI khIjI peDhIe thanAra eTale ke tenA putranAputrane--pautrane, AMdhrapatinI vaMzAvaLImAM ceAthA nakharanA rAjAne(jIe dvitIya pariccheda pR. 26 ) purANakAreAe vasatazrI, mallikazrI zAtakaraNa tarIke oLakhAvyA che. have samajAze ke zAmATe A rAjAe peAtAnA nAma sAthe malla athavA malika zabda joDavAne vAjabI hatA. AkhI carcAnA sAra e thayeA ke, AMdhra nAmanI prajAnA aneka samuhA-ekamA-mAMnA malla jAtine paNu eka ekama hatA. eTale ke rAjA zrImukhanA vaMzane sasama pariccheda ] che tene anusarIne vicArI jotAM, tenA rAjyanI sImA bahu ja chUTathI AMkIe tAye, uttare muMbai ilAkAmAM navasArI jIllA, dakSiNe tuMgabhadrAnA kAMThA, pazcime arakhI samudra ane pUrvamAM pazcimane dhATa saMghAdri parvata oLaMgIne tenI aDADa 40-50 mAIlanA lAMkhI paDIe AvelA pradeza-ATalI ja sImA gaNI zakAya. AgalA paricchedamAM jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, A rAjAe AMdhra jAtinA hatA; ane AMdhra te prajAnuM nAma che jyAre tenA vaMzanuM nAma kula, jAti ane zatavahana hatuM. vaLI zatavahanane vaMza vize vadhu prakArA anusarIne, teone zAta rAjAe paNa kahevAmAM Ave che temaja te peAtAne zAtakaraNa tarIke oLakhAve paNa che. A zabdo kAMika vizeSa vivecana mAMgI le che. AMdhra zabdane, jAti ane prajA ema bhinna arthavALA nAmA lAgavAthI kAMIka gerasamajutI thavA saMbhava che. ahIM prajA-jene aMgrejImAM NationClass kahevAya che te arthamAM vaparAya che. jAti

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44 ] ApaNe AMdhraprajAnA allujAtinA kSatriya (bhale mizra elrAnA) tarIke 6 eALakhAvavA rahe che. tenA vaza ane dha jAtinA vivecana pachI, have kula zabdane lagatuM vivecana paNa karIzuM. kuLanA pravAha hamezAM zukra-vIryane bhUnusarIne ja lekhAya che. eTale te niyama pramANe, pUrvajonuM je kuLa hAya, teja saMtationuM lekhanuM rahe che. ane teTalA mATe rAjA zizunAganuM, rAkha zreNikanuM, rAjA naMdanuM temaja rAjA zrImukhanuM-sarvenuM eka ja kuLa kahI zakAya. temAM rAjA zreNikane ApaNe vAdvIkakuLamAM utpanna thayelA jaNAvyA che ( jue pu. 1, pR. 275, TI. naM. 47 ) eTale uparanA niyamane anusarIne A sarva rAjAone " vAhIkakuLamAM " janmelA kahevAne kAMi pratibaMdha naDatA nathI. jethI sAbita thayuM ke rAjA zrImukhanuM " vAhIkakuLa " gaNAvuM joIe. " jAti ane kuLa vizenI samajUti ApyA pachI vaMzane lagatuM vivecana karavuM joie. parantu tenuM spaSTIkaA have pachInA pArigrAphamAM AvatuM DhAvAthI tyAMthI joI levA vinaMti che. tenA vaMza ane dharma zata, zrutavahana, ane zAtakaraNa che. zabdo A vaMza sAthe joDavAnuM zuM mahAtmya che te sarva vivecana prathama paricchede jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che tathA prasaMgApAtta anya ThekANe karelA spaSTIkaraNathI paNa samajAyuM che ke, A vaMzanI Adi " sA=100=zat '"mAM thai che. tethI tene zat vaMza kahevAmAM Avye che. tenA rAjAne purANakAranA17 qahevA pramANe zAta kahevAyA che tathA te vaMzane! pravAhavahana seAnI sAlamAM thaye| ha|vA mATe tenuM khIjuM nAma " zatavahana 'vaMza paNa paDayuM che. " A vaMzanI Adi sAthe kAI anya arthasUcita nahi, paNu kevaLa tene samaya darzAvatuM vizeSaNa je (16) keTalAka vidvAnA temane brAhmaNa tarIke lekhe che tyAre keTalAka abrAhmaNa lekhAve che. A sabaMdhI keTalIka carcA, kalakattAthI pragaDha thatA dhI IMDiyana kalcara nAmanA traimAsikamAM (pu. 5, aMka 1, sane 1938) ApI che. jIe tenuM vivecana ApaNe uparamAM pU. 55-58mAM karyuM che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaMDa joDavAmAM AvyuM che, temAM kAMika khAsa viziSTA jA samAyalI haiAvAnuM anumAna thAya che. khIjI bAjuM samayAvalInA AdhAre ema puravAra thayuM che ke te se|| AMkar3A bIjA kAI saMvatanA nathI paNa A yuganA jainadharmapracAraka aMtima tIrthaMkara zrImahAvIranA mekSatIcinA saMsmaraNamAM sthapAyela saMvatsarane che. te prazna e thAya che ke A zatavaMzI rAjAe ne zrImahAvIra sAthe ze| saMbaMdha hatA ke teo tenA saMvatsarane mAnya rAkhe tathA tenI sAthe peAtAnA vaMzanuM nAma joDavAmAM peAtAne ja bhAgyazALI samaje. tene javAba sIdhA ane sAde| e che ke, te zrImahAvIranA anuyAyI hatA eTale ke teo jainadharma pALatA hatA. vaLI A khAbatane TekArUpa, sikkAonI18 sAkSI paNa che. rAjA zrImukhanA pUrve ja evA zizunAga vaMzI temaja naMdavaMzI rAjAonA dharma paNa jainadharma hatA, te pu. 1 mAM temanAM varNana karatI vakhate anekavidha pUrAvAthI ApaNe sAbita karI ApyuM che. tema A rAjA zrImukha tathA tenAM vaMzajonA je siddhAvaNuMnA pu. 2 mAM joDavAmAM AvyAM che te uparathI paNa vizeSa samarthana maLatuM rahe che, ke te jainadhamAM ja hatA. vaLI A vaMzanA keTalAya rAjAnA samayamAM je avAranavAra dharmanimitte dAna19 devAyAM che ane jene ullekha zilAlekhAmAM temaNe karI batAvyA che te paNa sAkSI pUre che ke, teo vaidika dharmAM nahAtA parantu jainadharmAnuyAyI hatA. uparAMta, AgaLa upara temanuM varNana karavAmAM Avaze evA ariSTakarNa ane hAla zAtakaraNa jene--sAmAnya janatA rAjA cAla urphe zAlIvAhana tarIke oLakhAve che tevA rAjAoe tA brADI rIte jainadharmanA vidhAnamAM prarUpelAM dhArmika kAr. vagere paNa karelAM che. alakhatta ema paNu banavA ceAgya che ke, seA sAtasA varSe jeTalI A vaMzanI (17) jIe pu. 4. pR. 19 TI. naM. 10 (18) pu. 2mAM sikkAcitrA na'. 56thI 84 sudhInAM vana tathA TIkAo vAMce. (19) A pustAmAM pAMcamA tathA chaThThA ke jame. (2) pu. 3, pR. pazu-para jue. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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saptama paricheda ]. tene vaza ane dharma [ 145 lAMbI haiyAtI daramiyAna tenAM saghaLA rAjAoe ekane bauddhadharmI saMsthAone dAna dIdhAnuM jaNAvyuM che, te te ekaja dharma sarvadA anusaryo nahi heya. ane te paNa bhAratavarSanA sarvapradeza rAjakartAo upara jenadharma evA kALe ke jyAre bhAratanI pRthvI upara aneka je prabhAva pADayo hato tenAthI atyArasudhInA lekhake jAtanAM parivartana 1 vAraMvAra thayAM karatAM hatAM. bahudhA kevaLa ajANa hovAthI, jena zabdane badale eTale te samayanA bhAratavarSanA traNe-hiMdu, jaina ane jyAM ne tyAM temaNe bauddha zabda ja vAparye rAkhe che auha-dharmoe potapotAnA bhakata nIpajAvyA hoya; te vastusthiti vAraMvAra yAda AvyA kare che. vaLI chatAM pUrAvAnA AdhAre je hakIkata ApaNe AgaLa "zrImukha" ane "simukha' zabda ja evA che ke, te upara varNavavAnA chIe, tethI eTaluM ja phalitArtha jaina paribhASAnA zabdo tarIke 24 vaparAyA hovAnI " thAya che ke, hiMdu ane jainadharma-te bee ja chApa pADe che. matalaba e thaI ke, zatavaMzI rAjAo pitAne kAbu te rAjAo upara meLavyo hato. pitAne, zatazrI ane vAzatazrI jevA zata zabda sAthe eTale ala hisTarI eNpha iDiyAnA 22 lekhake saMkaLAyelA koI paNa birUda ane upanAmathI saMbodhA"It is curious fact that although Andhra vAmAM je magarUrI lekhatA hatA temAM temane pitAnI kings were officially Brahamanical dharmabhAvanA saMyukta thayelI dekhAtI hatI. vaLI ke. hi. Hindus, most of their donations were . nA lekhake pR. 531 upara "Their Satvahans made to the Buddhistic institutions= earlist coins bear the name of a king AzcaryakAraka che ke AMdhrapatio sattAvAra rIte Sata=temanA (sAtavAhanonA) ekadama purANa bhAlaNadhamAM hiMduo hovA chatAM, temaNe jaNAMkharAM sikkAomAM zata nAmanA keIrAnuM nAma kotarAyeluM dIna te bauddhadhama saMsthAone ja karelAM che" AvA che kharuM" AvA zabdo je lakhyA che tene marma paNa A vicAra je jaNAvyA che te kAMIka samIkSA mAgI le che. hakIkatamAM ja samAI jAya che. jo ke temaNe te kevaLa prathama lekhaka mahAzaye sarva prapatione brAhmaNa zAta zabdane aMgeja ane kadAca eka rAjAne aMge ja dhamAM karAvavAne pitAne je je pramANo maLyAM hatAM te vicAra darzAvyA lAge che, paraMtu vastusthiti ja e sarvane ke temAMnA thoDAMkano ullekha karyo hota to te hatI ke, Adi rAjAone pitAnA kuLadharma upara tapAsI jovAnI ApaNane anukuLatA maLata; chatAM vizeSa abhimAna hatuM ane te samayanI praNAlikA tyAre tema nathI ja thayuM tyAre ApaNe hAla te eTalaM ja pramANe svadharma mATe marI phITavAne teo utsukatA paNa mAnya rAkhI zakIzuM ke, ApaNuM maMtavyapramANe. dharAvatA hatA. A sthiti khAsa karIne Adi je rAjAe vaidika matAnuyAyI banyA hatA temanA rAjAoe pitA sAthe joDelA birUdemAM spaSTa rIte vizenA ja purAvAo vagere, te lekhaka mahAzayanA taravarI Ave che. vAMcavA ke jANavAmAM AvyA hovA joIe tathA paraMtu, AgaLa jatAM jema jema rAjakrAMti ane dharmate uparathI ja sarvanI bAbatamAM te sthiti banI rahI krAMti thavA pAmI che tema tema te zata-ane zatavahana hovAnuM temaNe kalpI lIdhuM hovuM joIe. bAkI temaNe je zabdono vaparAza, sarvathA ke keTaleka aMze kamI thato (21) sarakhAvo pu. 1, pR. 4thI 6 sudhInuM varNana. khelI gAthAo. (22) juo vinseTa smithakRta trIjI AvRtti. pR. 20. kaI aneruM jaga nahIM. e tIrtha tela, (ra3) A kathananI aneka sAbitio mATe pu. ramAM ema dhImukha, hari AgaLa bIsimaMdira bAle." 5. 15 thI 232 sudhInuM varNana tapAsI jevuM. 1. potAnA mAMe. 2. IMdra pAse. 3. mahAvideha (24) seramA jemAM gavAtA stavananI nIce Ale- kSetre birAjI rahela jainanA vivamAna tIrthakara. *

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146 ]. kuTuMba parivAra [ ekAdazama khaMDa ja dekhAya che. ane tene ja maLatA zatAni ke che (juo pR.137). eTale tenuM AyuSya 80 varSanuM vArivAra jevA zabda vaparAtA thavA mAMDayA che. gaNavuM paDaze. paraMtu rAjA zrImukhanuM AyuSya te 45 A krAMtie mukhyapaNe be vakhata thavA pAmI che. tenuM varSanI AsapAsanuM ja pUravAra thayuM che (jIe uparamAM varNana sAtamA ane grevIsamA rAjAnA vRttAte karavAmAM pR. 112). Avaze. te uparathI ApaNe karelA uparanA kathananI rAjA zrImukhane putra pitAne gautamIputra yAtrI satyAsatyatA vizene khyAla vAcakane AvI jaze. jaNAve che eTale artha evo thayo ke rAjA zrImukha uparamAM eka pArimAke tenAM sagAMvahAlAMne pite gatamIgAtranI kanyA paraNyA hatA. tema rANI varNana karatAM, tenAM mAtapitA bhAIo vagerenI hakIkata nAganikAne putra je pAchaLathI vAdazatazrI nAme ce. jaNUvI che. paraMtu tenA putra AMdhrapati thayo che te pitAne vAsiSThaputra jaNAve che kuTuMba parivAra ke pautrAdinI hakIktane jarA eTale rANI nAganikA vasibrIgetranI kanyA kare che, jeTale paNa sparza karAyo nathI. tema rAjA kRSNa ane zrImukha pitAne (jue temanA te atre karavA vicAra rAkhyo che. caturtha paricchede sikkAo) vasiputra tarIke oLakhAve che eTale varNavelA rANI nA nikAnA zilAlekha ne. 1thI spaSTa temanI mAtA che ke hatI pAradhijAtanI zANI, chatAM thAya che ke, rAjA zrImukhane eka putra hato. tenuM lagna vAsiSTagotrI hovAthI, teNInuM gotra to uttama prakAranuM aMgiya kulavardhana keI mahArathInI putrI nAganikA vera hovAnuM ja samajavuM rahe che. A pramANe parAtrI thayuM hatuM ane tenAthI be putro-vadazrI tathA zrI kanyA sAthe lagna saMbaMdha joDAto hovAthI, vAsiSThaputra nAme thayA hatA tathA zilAlekha naM. rathI samajAya hoya te gautama gotranI kanyA paraNutA, ane maitamIche ke, rAjA zrImukhane kRSNa nAme eka nAno bhAI hato. putra hoya te vAsigotrI kanyA sAthe lagna karato ema - rANI nAganikAnA pati-rAjA zrImukhanA putranuM sAbita thAya che, jethI AkhAye vazamAM aneka gautamInAma zuM haze te kayAMya spaSTapaNe jaNAvAyuM nathI paraMtu putro ane vAsiSThaputro hovA chatAM temane anukrama ane tenA sikkA uparathI ApaNe jANI zakIe chIe ke sagapaNa saMbaMdha zodhI kADhavAmAM ApaNane je keTalIka tenuM nAma yajJazrI gautamIputra hovuM joIe (jAo saraLatAo thaI paDe che tenuM A daSTAMta samajavuM. tenA vRttAMte). A yajJazrI gautamIputra ma. sa. 143= vaLI eka rAjA je zuddha kanyA sAthe lagna karatA te I. sa. pU. 384mAM maraNa pAmyo (jAo pariccheda jAtibheda para nahe; jemake ApaNe upara joI bIje-vaMzavRkSa) tyAre tenA banne putro anukrame ATha gayA pramANe zrImukhanI mAtA hatI zuddha, paraMtu tenuM ane cha varSanA hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che, jethI bALa mahiyara to ucca gotrI ja hatuM. eTale puravAra thAya putranI vatI, vidhavA rANI nA nikAe rAjalagAma che ke te vakhate je varNAzrama pADavAmAM AvyA hatA hAtha dharI hatI. A hisAbe gautamIputranA je te janmane lAdhe nahatA, paraMtu jIvananirvAhanA putrane janma ma. sa. 135=I. sa. pU. 392 ane Avazyaka dhaMdhAone lIdhe paDAyA hatA, jethI game nAnAne janma ma. sa. 177=4. sa. 5. 390 gaNI te gotrIo hoya te game te dhaMdhAmAM paDI zakate. zakAya. rANI nAganikA pAsethI, rAjA zrImukhanA lagna prasaMge je jevuM rahetuM te mAtra gotra kayuM che bhAI kRSNa athavA rANI nAganikAnA kAkAsasarAe te ja, nahi ke varNa kayo che te. game te kAraNe rAjapATa paDAvI laI pote gAdI pacAvI zrImukhanI rANInuM nAma, ThAma, ke te kAnI putrI pADI hatI. ane dazeka varSa rAjya karI ma. saM. 153-4 hatI che. kAMI jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. te gautamagetra . sa. pU. 373mAM maraNa pAmyA hatA. jayAre ApaNe kuTuMbanI kanyA hatI eTale ja hAla te mAluma paDayuM che. tene janma ma. sa. 78=Isa. pU. 454 kepI lIdhe atyAra sudhInI mAnyatA pramANe hAthIguMdAnA

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sasama pariccheda ] zilAlekhanA AdhAre zRMgavaMzanA puSyamitranuM nAma bRhaspatimitra gaNI laI, tene samakAlIna krANu harAvanAra rAjA khAravelane, kANa ? samakAlIna lekhAvyeA che. ane khIjI bAju, rAjA khAravele zrImukhane paNa harAvela heAvAthI tene tene samakAlIna gaNAvyA che. chevaTe bhUmitinA niyame, khAravela, puSyamitra urphe bRhaspatimitra ane zrImukha-te traNene samakAlIna TharAvI, traNamAMnA puSyamitrane samaya I. sa. pU. 188 jevA kAMika vizeSa cAkasAi bharalA25 mAlama paDela heAvAthI, te traNenA samaya i. sa. pU. nI bIjI sadIne jAhera karyAM che. AmAMnA khAravela ane puSyamitranA jIvanavRttAMteA lakhAI gayA che. tyAM sAbita karI batAvyuM che ke prathama te temanI bhUmikA rUpe pumitrane je magadhapati bRhaspatimitra tarIke harAvyA che te ja bhUlabhareluM che. ane jeneA pAyeA ja khAmIvALA tenA upara caNAyalA anumAnarUpI imAratamAM khAmI na hoya te teA azakaya ja che. eTale pachI A rAjAonA samasamayIpaNe heAvAnI AkhI ye kalpanA paDI bhAMgI che; bAkI bRhaspatimitra ane khAravetra te samakAlIna kharA, parantu temanA kALa sAthe jIvana sAthe puSyamitrane leza paNa saMbaMdha ja nahAtA. samakAlIna kANu krANu ? te ja pramANe pu. 1 mAM jyAre dhanakaTakanuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che tyAre, kevI rIte mArI macaDIne vAkayanA anartha upajAvI kADhI, puSyamitrane rAjA zrImukhanA samasamI batAvavAmAM Ave che tene lagatA kAMIka isArA karyA paNa che; ne ema paNa kahI devAmAM AvyuM che ke, vizeSa hakIkata zrImukhanA varNane ApIzuM. have badhIye vyaktionA samaya jyAre nakkI thaI cUkayA che tyAre saheje samajI zakAya tevuM che ke, kANu kAneA samakAlIna hAi zake. pharIne pAchI gerasamajUti thavA na pAme, te sArU te cAre rAjakartAonA nizcita (25) "vizeSa ceAsAI bharela'' zabda eTalA mATe lakhavA pASo che ke, te samaya paNa taddana satya te) nathI ja, paraMtu Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 147 thayela samaya atre nIce utArIzuM. (1) magadhapati bRhaspatimitra; I. sa. pU. 417-415 =ra varSa ( pu. 1. pR. 393) (2) kaliMgapati khAravela; I. sa. pU. 4ra9-393 =36 varSa (pu. 4. pR. 375) (3) zuMgavaMzI puSyamitra; I. sa. pU. 226-188 =38 varSe ( pu. 3. pR. pu. 404) (4) AMdhrapati zrImukha; I. sa. pU. 427-414 =13 varSa ( A pustake pR. 39) . (2) gautamIputra yajJazrI athavA yajJazrI gautamIputra mi. pArjiTaranI gaNutrI mujaba rAjA zrImukhanI gAdIe teneA bhAi kRSNa e che. parantu upara pR. 33 mAM sAbita karI gayA mujaba taratamAM te| zrImukha pachI tenA putra ja gAdIe AvyA che. eTale ApaNe naM. 2 nA rAjA tarIke zrImukhanA putrane lekhavyA che. vaLI upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe tenuM nAma yajJathI gautamIputra ane tenI rANInuM nAma nAganikA hatuM. saMbhava che ke tene anya rANI paNa haze. ( jIe A pArigrAphe AgaLa upara ) tathA jyAre tenuM maraNu thayuM tyAre tene eka ATha varSanA ane bIjo cha varSanA maLIne be putrA hatA. ATaluM tenA parivAra vize jaNAvI tenI uMmara khAkhatano carcA karIzuM. kuTuMba parivAra ane umara SaSThama paricchede, zilAlekha naM. 20 mAM jaNAvAyuM che te pramANe, jyAre te gAdIe beThA hatA tyAre tenI uMmara 20 thI 25 varSanI hatI. ane 31 varSanuM rAjya bhogavyuM che te hiMsAkhe tenuM AyuSya lagabhaga 50 thI 55 varSanuM kalpI zakAya che. eTale te gaNutrIe tenuM maraNu ma. saM. 143= I. sa. pU. 384 thayAnuM ane tene janma ma. saM. 934. sa. pU. 434 nI AsapAsa thayAnuM kalpavuM rahe che. jyAre anya traNanA samaya je kalpI lIdhA che tenI sarakhAmaNImAM, puSpamitranA samaya kAMIka vadhAre sapramANa che khare, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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148 ] sahAthInI oLakha bIjI bAju tenA e putronA janmanI sAla anukrame ApaNe I. sa. pU. 392 ane 390 (jIe pu. 146) mAM TharAvI che. eTale tenA artha e thayA ke, jyeSTha putra janmyA tyAre tenI uMmara 42 varSanI AsapAsa hatI. A hakIkata ja Apane nIce jaNAvyA pramANenA aneka prazno vicAravA dhasaDI laI jAya che. (1) zuM 42 varSanI uMmare ja tene putra prApti thaI hatI; ke anya pharajaMdA thayA hatA paNa maraNu pAmyA hatA; ke sAmAnya gaNAtI yuvAnavaye ja tene jyeSTha putra lAbhyA hatA. parantu maraNa samaye peAtAnI uMmara 50 varSa karatAM ghaNI nAnI hatI (2) zuM tenA jyeSTha putranI janetA, rANI nAganikA sivAya anya rASTrIe nahI? athavA hatI te temAMnI krAIne peTe putraratna janmyuM ja naheAtuM ke, putro janmIne maraNu pAmI gayA hatA ? ke rANI nAganikA khudane paNu, agAu putro te janmyA hatA parantu te sadgata thai gayA hatA (3) rANI nAganikAne| jyeSTha putra te prathama ja putra jo hAya tA zuM teNInA lagna thayA khAdanyA varSe tene janma thayA hatA ema gaNavuM, ke sAmAnya gaNunA mujaba pukhta yuvAna vaye teNIne putra prasabhyA hatA paNa teNInuM lagna ja rAjA yajJazrI sAthe, mATI vaye thavA pAmyuM hatuM---eTale ke rAjA yajJazrInI aneka rASTroe mAMnI te eka hatI. A prakAranA ane tene lagatA, temaja tenI rANI ke rANIe ane putrone lagatA aneka prazno upasthita karI zakAya tevA che. parantu te kALe aneka rANIo karavAnA rivAja cAlatA hatA te jotAM,rIte ane jeTalAM pharajaMdA janme te sadA jIvatAM ja rahevAM joie evA kAMi niyama gaNAtA nathI te hakIkata (26) kevaLa AMdhra sAmrAjyamAM ja AA prakAranA amaladArA hatA ema nathI. AgaLa uparanA varNanathI samajAze ke, AvuM te dareka rAjyamAM banatuM AvyuM che. paraMtu eTaluM cAkasa che ke, te upara khAsa vizvAsu ane rAjakuTuMba sAthe saba'dha dharAvatI vyaktiene ja mukhyapaNe nImavAmAM AvatI. (27) cuDhukAnada ane mULAnAnA sikkAe A jAtanI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaMDa khyAlamAM rAkhatAM, temaja te vakhate gAdIe mAvanAra bhUpatinI uMmara paNa kramamAMkama 13-15nI tA rakhAtI ja hatI te jotAM, temaja yajJazrInA pitA rAjA zrImukhanI uMmara maraNa samaye lagabhaga 45 varSanI hatI te jotAM, e ja anumAna upara AvavuM paDe che ke, rAjA yajJazrI gAdIe AvyA tyAre, tenI uMmara 20 thI 25nI hAvI joie, tete nAganikA sivAya anya rANIe paNa hovI joIe; ane rANI nAganikA sAthenuM lagna, pAte gAdIe kheThA pachI lAMbAkALe thayuM DAvuM joI e. upara nirdiSTa karyA pramANe jo rANI nAganikA sAthenuM lagna lAMbAkALe thayuM che teA prazna e udbhave che ke tema thavAnuM kAraNa zuM ? A mATe . nIcenA pArAmAM jue. paMcama paricchede nAnAbATavALA zilAlekha naM. 1 mAM jaNAvI gayA pramANe rANI nAganikA, aMgadezanA kArya mahArathInI putrI thato hatI. jethI aa. AM. rU. nA lekhake pR. 21, pAri 27 mAM lakhyuM che ke, "Maharathies and Mahabhojakes were evidently high officers of the state, probably viceroys in the Andhra empire. They are often intimately connected by family ties with the ruling sovereign=mahArathIo ane mahAbhAjakAjha dekhItI AMtrasAmrAjyanAra6 meTA hAAdArIetemAM ce vAisarAya jevI27 padavI dharAvatA hatA." vaLI rAjA zreNikanA vRttAMte jaNAvI gayA chIe ke tenI nAkarImAM mahArathInI ALakha sAkSI rUpa gaNavA, kA. A raeN.nA lekhakane je TIkA karavI paDI che (jIo pAri. 140) ke Ujjain symbols are only found on coins of Satvahan family but not on those of Chutu dynasty=ujjainanA sAM tika cinhA kevaLa tavahanavathI sikkA upara ja dekhAya che, nahi ke cuTTuzanA sikkA upara lekhaka mahAzayane www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara sakrama pariccheda ] kASTa nAgarayika nAmanI vyakti hatI, (jIe pu. 1, pR. 258) temaja paM. cAlukayanA samaye arthazAstranI keTalIka khUbIgmAnuM varNana karatAM (jIe pu. 2. pR. 213) jaNAvAyuM che ke, te samaye lazkaranI caturvidha racanAmAM, pAyadaLa, hayadaLa, hastidaLa, temaja racanAdaLane paNa samAveza thatA hatA. AvA rathadaLanA judAM judAM jutha upara nImavAmAM AvatA amaladArAmAMnA kAikane ' mahArathI 28 nAmathI oLakhavAmAM AvatA hatA. A sarva hakIkatathI evA anumAna upara javuM paDe che ke, mahArathI nAma kAMi eka ja vyaktinuM, eka vaMzanuM, eka kuLanuM, eka pradezanuM ke eka prAMtanuM nAma nathI paNa eka prakAranuM heAddAca nAma DAI te, tevA mahArathIo anekanI saMkhyAmAM, aneka pradezamAM ane aneka samaye hAi zake che, jethI temanI vizeSa eLakha karAvavA sArUM mahArathI uparAMta sAmAnya rIte anya vizeSaNu joDavAnI jarUriyAta rahe. atyAre ApaNe I. sa. pU. ceAthA saikAnI tathA te samaye kahevAtA aMgadezanI--vartamAnakALe kahevAtA aSyaprAMta ane varADanI tathA eka kALe vidarbhaprAMta tarIke oLakhAtA pradezanI vArtA karI rahyA chIe. ne temAM rAjA yajJazrIe te pradezanA adhikArI upara jIta meLavI, tenI putrI sAthe lagna karyAnI hakIkata che. aa putrInuM nAma nAganikA jaNAvAyuM che. tevI ja rIte, A samaya pachI deDhase eka varSanA gALA khAda, zuMgavaMzI agnimitre paNa Aja pradezanA kAI aSikArIne harAvI tenI putrI AlavikA sAthe lagna ryuM DhAvAnI binA ItihAsanA pRSTa upara noMdhAyelI che (pu. 3. pR. 9ra tathA TI. naM. 32). A baMne prasaMganA samaya, pRthA tathA vijayamAM meLayelI kanyAenAM nAme vacce eTaluM badhuM sAmya dekhAya che ke, te banne banAvA kuTuva'zIe svataMtra rAna haiyAneA khyAla rahevAthI A zabdo uccAryA che, bAkI tA teo kevaLa meTA addedAro hatA jethI temane avaMti sAthe kAMI levAdevA ja naheAtI). prAMtika sattASiyAne peAtAnA prAMtomA simA pADI levAnI sattA paNa pUrvakALe hatI tenA A purAvArUpa che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 149 eka ja bhUmi uparanA mahArathI birUdadhAraka saradArAnA kuTuMbamAM banavA pAmyA haiAvAnI zakayatA khatAve che ane tethI te satyaTanA tarIke ja ApaNe lekhavI rahe che. jema agnimitre paNa svahaste mahArathIne parAjaya karI kanyA meLavI che tema yazrI pete paNa svabaLe ja te deza upara hakumata bhogavavA mahArathIne harAvIne nAganikAsAthe lagnagraMthIthI joDAyA hAvA joie. A sthitimAMthI apekSita khulAsA maLI rahe che ke, zAmATe nAnikA ane yajJazrInu lagna peAtAnA rAjyArabha thayA pachI keTalAMya varSe thavA pAmyuM che. temaja A pradeza yazrIe peAte jara9 svaLe jItI lIdhA che. AkhA ye zatavahunavaMzanA itihAsa eTale badhA aMdhakAragrasta che ke temAMthI ekadama taddana satyapUrNa hakIkta tAravI kADhavI te ati muzkela ane gajA uparAMtanuM kArya che; chatAM yatna karavA te ApaNuM kAma che; ane prayatna karanArane ja paramAtmA sahAya kare che te uktinA jore ApaNe AgaLa vadhIzuM. rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara saMzAdhana kAryamAM haMmezAM prathama te AnumAniya tattvAja ubhAM karavAM rahe che; paraMtu anumAnane cAre bAjuthI tALI joI, kasoTIe caDhAvavAmAM aneka prakAranI uNupe| ADI Ave che ane tethI tevA prayatna karavA chatAM, pAkA nirNaya upara te| AvI #kAtuM ja nathI. Ave anubhava ApaNane seDrekATasa eTale caMdraguptane mAnI levAmAM ane azoka te ja priyadarzina ema TharAvavAmAM pUrNapaNe thaye| hatA; paraMtu jevI te chupAne eka bAju mUkI daIne, samAvaLAnA-kahe gaNitazAstrathI AMkaDA ubhA karIne Azraya (28) 14ma paricchede pR. 117 vRkSa-kAThA ApyA che te sarakhAve (29) pU. 70 upara prazna thayo che ke, A pradeza zrImukhe tela che ke yajJIe tenA khUNAse ahIthI meLavI levAya che, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara 150 lIdhA ke, ApaNane kharA mArge jaDI AvyA te ApaNe karelI bhUlAnA pazcAttApa karavA paDayA. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, jyAM viSama mArgamAMthI rastA kADhavAnA hoya che tyAM hajAra| anumAna karatAM, jo AMkaDArUpI tavArIkha ane sAlavArInI madada levAmAM Ave che te pachI AvA purAvAnI saMkhyA bhale mAtra eka ke e ja hAya, tApaNu tenA upara ApaNe nirbhayarIte ubhA rahIne kAma karI zakIe chIe. jyAre AvA anupama siddhAMta ApaNI pAse paDayA che tyAre zAmATe hAtha dharela krAyaDAne!-yajJazrIe potAnA jIvanamAM meLavela vijayane ukela karavAmAM te siddhAMtanA lAbha na uThAvavA? ane sadbhAgye ApaNI pAse tevA sAlavArInA AMkaDA mAjIda paNa che. kayA prakAranA AMkaDA upayAgI nIvaDavA saMbhava che te cUMTI kADhavAmAM yajJazrInA rAjyanI AsapAsanI bhUmi upara, je je rAjakartAnI ANu phelAI rahI hatI tenA jIvanane lagatA AMkaDA, sauthI prathama darajje meLavI levA joie ke jene anusarIne, yajJazrInA jIvanabanAvAte gAThavI zakAya; tathA te banAvA krama banavA pAmyA haze tenI vicAraNA ubhI karI temAMthI sAra tAravI levAya. AvA rAjakartAomAM uttare, naMda vaMzIo ane pUrvamAM ceviMzIo che. pazcime te khuda yajJazrInI sarahada ja dhATa ane samudra sudhI laMbAI hatI eTale te bAbatAne te vicAra ja karavA rahetA nathI; jyAre dakSiNa taraphanI hada anizcita heAvAthI, temaja te uparanA DhAkSu cediva'zI rAjA khAravelanA hatA ema tenA jIvanavRttAMtathI jANI cUkayA chIe. eTale te cedivaMzInA vicAra dakSiNu temaja pUrva`dizAne aMge paNa karavAne karyA che; eTale cAre dizAnA praznanA uddela lAvavAmAM phula saravALetA naMdavaMza ane cediva'za-krevaLa e vaMzanI ja vicAraNA karavI raheze. ATalI prastAvanA karyAM khAda have saMgIna bhUmikA upara javAne pagalI bharIzuM. yajJazrInuM rAjya ma. sa. 113-144=31 varSa cAlyuM che eTale te samaye-tenA samakAlina tarIke (1) naMdavaMzIomAM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama kha'Da navamAnaMdanuM rAjya; 112-155=43 varSa (2) ane cedivaMzIomAM khAravelanuM rAjya; 98-134=36 varSa ane kagrIva (khAravelaputra)nuM 134-155=21 varSa cAlyuM hatuM. rAjA yajJazrInA sikkAo madhyaprAMtanA birAravALA cAMdAjIllAmAMthI temaja dakSiNa hiMdamAM gAdAvarI ane kRSNA nadIvALA prAMtAmAMthI maLI Ave che. eTale sahaja kalpanA karI zakAya che ke, madhya prAMta, varADa nIjhAmI rAjyane AkhAye bhAga, uparAMta muMbaI IlAkAnA mahArASTrane kaTalAka bhAga, teNe peAtAnI sattAmAM ApyA DhAvA joie. prazna e che ke, kayA bhAga kyAre te kevA saMjogAmAM teNe jItI lIdhA haze. rAjA khAravelanA hAthIguphAnA lekhanI ceAthI paktithI ( jIe pu. 4, pR. 277) jANI cUkayA chIe ke peAtAnA rAjyakALanA khIjA varSe (ma. saM. 98+2=100) rAjA zrImukhane teNe harAvyA hatA; tathA te ja lekhanI chaThThI paMktithI jaNAya che ke, khAravele sarva rASTrIkA ane bheAjAne peAtAnA rAjyanA ceAcA varSe ma. saM. 102 mAM harAvyA hatA. A zabdothI e hukkIkatanI pratIti thAya che. eka tA rASTrIkA ane bhAjaDhDhA te samaye AMdhrapatinA tAme nahAtA ja; temaja AMdhrAjha, rASTrikAjha ane bhAjakAjha traNe svataMtra prajAe hatI. temAMnI pAchalI e prajAnA prAMtane rAjA khAravele ma. saM. 102 mAM jItI lIdhA hatA. A rASTrIAne mulaka mahArASTramAM ane bAjakrAne varADa jIllAmAM (ke. hi. i. nA pR. 600mAM jaNuAvyA pramANe) gaNAya che. eTale rASTrIkAne ane bheAjAne ma. sa. 102 khAda, jyAMsudhI rAjA yajJazrIe jItI lIdhA naheAtA tyAM sudhI, teo khAravelanA ke tenA vaMzajone tAme hatA ema siddha thayuM. temAM paNa rAjA khAravela te mahAparAkramI rAjA hatA ane teNe te yajJazrInA pitA zrImukhane harAvIne sakhta TakA mAryAM hatA eTale yajJazrIe, bhale potAnA pitAne thayela apamAnaneA badalA vALavA IntejArI sevI ja hAya, parantu khAravelanA jIvaMtakALa www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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sakSama pariccheda ] sudhI te pratye durlakSya sevyuM hovuM joIe ema sahaja kalpanA karavI rahe che. tyAre teNe A prAMtA jItI lIdhA kayAre? khIjI khAjuM ApaNane kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, rAjA yajJazrIne rANI nAganikAnA peTe je jyeSThaputra janmyA hatA te tenA maraNa samaye ATha varSanA hatA. eTale ke tenA janma ma. saM. (143-8) 135 mAM thayA hatA. have jo rANI nAganikAne lagna pachI taratamAM ja garbha rahyo hAya (je vadhAre saMbhavita che. juo, pR. 148 ) tA rAjA yajJazrI sAthenuM teNInuM lagna vahelAmAM vaheluM ma. sa. 133-4 mAM thayuM hAvuM gaNAya. tema A hakIkata pazu siddha thayela che ke rAjA khAravelanuM maraNu ma. saM. 134 mAM thayuM hatuM ane tenI gAdIe tene putra vajrIva AvyA haeNtA. A rAjA viSayavilAsI, svecchAcArI ane svairavihArI hatA (jIe pu. 1. pR. 367 tathA pu. 2. pR. 168). eTale banavA yAgya che ke, rAjA yajJazrIe khAravelanA maraNu bAda taratamAM ja ke, tenA rAjyakALanI AkharamAM madhyaprAMta ane bihAra jIllA cedivaMzanI sattAmAMthI jItI lIdhe! hAya ane te jItyAnI eka nizAnI tarIke te prAMta upara hakumata bhAgavatA mahArathInI putrI nAganikA sAthe lagna karyuM heAya. A pramANe satyadhaTanA banI lAge che. tAtparya e thayeA ke rAjA yazrIe ma. saM. 133-4=4. sa. pU. 394-93 mAM A prAMta jItI lIdhA hatA tathA nAganikA sAthenuM tenuM lagna paNa te samaye ja thayuM hatuM. rAjA vastrIva pAsethI eka vakhata madhyaprAMta ane varADa jevA pradeza jItI lIdhA pachI, dakSiNanA nijhArmI rAjyavALA bhAga jItI levAmAM yajJazrIne bahu kheAraMbhe nAkhavA jevuM kAMI ja na lAge; kemake parAjIta thayela haMmezAM laDavAmAM DhIlA paDI jAya che ane eka vakhata hatAza thaye! ke tenA hRdaya upara tenI chApa sakhta AdhAta pahoMcADe che. eTale eka vakhata vijetA anelA yajJazrIe, parAjIta cedipati pAsethI nijhAmI rAjyavALA bhAga paNa taratamAM ja khU cavI lIdhe hAya. ApaNe tene samaya I. sa. pU. 397-2=ma. saM. 134-5 nAMdhIe tA khATuM nahi gaNAya. bIjI rIte rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 151 paNa banavA cAgya che; ke yajJazrIe prathama, A nijhAmI rAjyavALA bhAga jItI lIdhA hAya ane te khAda varADa prAMtavALA bhAga hAya. parantu jo tema anavA pAme teA rAjA khAravelanI jIvanta avasthAmAM tema banyuM hAvAnuM noMdhavuM paDe. jo ke te samaye khAravelanA rAjyakALanI astadazA hatI. jethI tema banavuM pazu saMbhavita che. chatAM vadhAre saMbhava khAravelanA maraNu bAda ja A sarve banyuM hAvAnuM kalpavuM te yAgya lAge che. eTale rAjA yajJazrInI dakSiNanI jItanA samaya ma. saM. 135=I. sa. pU. 392 nA TharAvIzuM. have joI zakayA chIe ke, peAte ma. saM. 113 mAM gAdIe beThA hatA ane peAtAnA pitAnA rAjyanA vArasA meLavyA tyAre bahu nAnA pradezanA rAjavI hatA. te bAda lagabhaga 20-21 vaSaeNma. saM. 133 thI 5 sudhImAM teNe rAjyanA vistAra laNeA vadhArI dIdhA hatA ane teTalA pradeza upara nava daza vadhu varSa rAjya calAvI ma. saM. 143-4=4. sa. pU. 384-3 mAM te maraNa pAmyA hatA. eTale jo, rAjA zrImukhane ApaNe AMdhrabhRtya gaNAvatA hAI e teA, yazrIne paNa tenA rAjyakALanA 31 varSoMmAMnA prathamanA 20 varSa prabhRtya ane khAkInA daza varSa svataMtra AMdhrapati tarIke lekhAvavA rahe che. rAjya vistAranA viSaya nakkI karI lIdhA khAda have rAjanagaranA sthAnanI carcA karIzuM. tenA pitAnuM rAjanagara peMTha hatuM te siddha karI cUkayA chIe. tenuM sthAna rAjyanA eka khUNe dekhAya che. kadAca nAnA rAjyane te yeAgya ane anukULa gaNI zakAya. parantu jyAre yajJazrIe rAjyanA vistAra eTalA badhA vadhArI dIdhA che tyAre rAjanagarane, tene te ThekANe eka khUNNAmAM ja rahevA dIdhuM haze ke te pheravIne rAjyanA krAI madhyasthAne lAvavAmAM AvyuM haze, te prazna vicAraNIya thaI paDe che. rAjanagaranI carcA karatAM (jue pR. 68 thI AgaLa ) varaMguLa-amarAvatIvALA pradezamAM, AMdhra sAmrAjyanI rAjadhAnI kAI vakhata heAvAnuM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. te te samaya zuM atyAranA ja hatA ke kema, te zodhavuM rahe che. yajJazrIe jIta www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara 52 ] meLavyA pachI lagabhaga nava daza varSa rAjya calAvyuM che eTale jIta meLavyAnA ullAsamAM, rAjapATanI badalI karI levA mATe te pUratA samaya lekhI zakAya. parantu tenA samaye te pheraphAra banI zakayA na DhAvA neie, tenAM kAraNa A pramANe che. (1) jo vargaguLane ja rAjapATa TharAvavuM heAya te tenuM sthAna paNa paiThanI peThe eka khUNe ja paDI jatuM kahevAya. ulaTuM paeNDanagara killAthI temaja parvatanI hAramALAthI surakSita hAI ne, varaMguLa karatAM vadhAre nirbhaya ane ceAgya lekhAya (2) je amarAvatIne rAjapATa TharAvAya tenuM sthAna vartamAnakALanA bejhavADA zahera najIka heine, tyAM sudhIne mulaka teNe kabaje meLaLye gaNavA paDe; jyAre tenI chatanA pradeza [ kRSNA nadInA cADhAka bhAga sudhIja ( paMcama pariccheda lekha naM. 20) teNe jIta meLavI che eTaluM jaNAyuM che ] tyAMsudhI lakhAye| heAya evA pUrAvA maLatA nathI. (3) parantu A mevADAvALA-dhanakaTaka-ezAkaTakaneA mulaka yajJazrInA putra vadbhutazrI mallika zAtakaraNIe jItI lIdhA hatA ( pu. 2, sikkA naM 67-68 ) ema siddha karI zakAya che. uparekta prakAranI sthitimAM rAjA yajJazrIe potAnA rAjanagaranuM sthAna pheravyuM nahiM DhAya ema svIkAravuM rahe che. [ ekAdAma khaDa jene lIdhe tene gAdI uparathI amuka samaya mATe khasI javuM paDayuM che, te te prasaMgA rAjakAraNanI dRSTie ati upayAgI dvAvAthI taraheADI zakAya tema nathI. eTale kharA ItihAsa samajavA mATe tenuM jJAna paNu jarUrI che. temaja samayanI saLaMgatA jALavavA mATe paNa, tenuM nAma yathAsthAne mUkavuM ja joIe. vaLI vadasInA rAjyanA AraMbha thaI gayA tyAre bhaviSyanA AgAramAM zuM bhareluM che te kASTanAthI bhAkhI zakAya tema na gaNAya; uparAMta eka vakhata rAjyAraMbha thaI gayA te,eTale tenA nAmanI ANu tA cAlu thai gaI, pachI bhale te TraMka mudatanI hAya ke lAMbI, parantu tenuM nAma te rAjA tarIke cAlu thaI gayuM ja gaNAya. AvA vividha muddAthI ApaNe vadasatazrInuM nAma upara mUkavuM paDayuM che, chatAM AMkanI gaNutrIe guMcavADA ubhA na cAya te mATe vadasatazrIne sattAkALa be vakhata thayA hAvA chatAM, te eja vyakti DhAvAthI, saMkhyAnI gaNatrIe tene eka ja lekhI gU^cavADA aTakAvavA prathamanA vadasatazrIne naMbara vinAnA rAkhI, kRSNano naMbara trIjo ane bIjI vakhatanA vadasatazrIne nakhara ceAthe! lekhIzuM. vAsaMtazrI zAtakaraNa purANakArAe rAAvaLImAM (jIe pR. 26) prathama kRSNane ane pachI vadasIne mUkayeA che. kadAca evI bhAvanA heAya ke, vadasatnInuM rAjya bahudhA tA kRSNa pachI ja khIlI uThayuM che mATe te anukrama dhAraNa karaveza. jyAre kharI rIte yajJazrInA maraNa pachI tarata tenI vidhavAe peAtAnA saMgIra bALaka vasazrInA nAme duvAi pheravIne rAjalagAma potAnA hAthamAM lIdhI che, te coDA samaya te pramANe cAlyA pachI rAjA kRSNa gAdI upara AvyA che--teNe paNu dazeka varSa sudhI rAja karyuM che. ane te bAda vaLI karIne vadasatazrInA rAjyane AraMbha thayA che. A pramANe bhale prathama mAtra thoDAja vakhata vadasatazrInuM rAjya cAlyuM che paraMtu teTalA dAyamAM paNa je je banAvA banavA pAmyA che ane Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat saMzASita karelI samayAvaLI pramANe (jIe pU. 39) yajJazrI pachI vasatazrInuM rAjya kevaLa 10 mAsa jeTalA TUMka samaya sudhI cAlI, ma. sa. 146mAM khatama thayuM batAvyuM che. te khAda, tenA taraphathI rAjya calAvatI tenI vidhavAmAtA rANI nAganikAe ja AtarAvela lekha (jIe paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 1 ane 2) uparathI samajAya che ke, teNI pAsethI rAjalagAma tenA kAkAjI sasarA kRSNe khUMcavI lIdhI hatI. paNa kayA saMjogAmAM tema banavA pAmyuM hatuM te jaNAvAyuM nathI, eTale te zodhI kADhavuM rahe che. te mATe pAchA ApaNe pR. 150 upara TAMkela AMkaDAnI madada levI paDaze. yajJazrI ma. saM. 144mAM maraNa pAmyA te vakhate magadhanI gAdI upara navameA naMda hatA ane lagabhaga 11 varSa sudhI te pramANe sthiti TakI rahI che. temaja kaliMga upara vakragrIvanuM rAjya sthApita thayuM hatuM ane tenuM rAjyapada paNa lagabhaga 11 varSa sudhI ja cAlyuM www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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samama paricheda 1 varasatazrI zAtakaraNa [ 13 che. sAra e nIkaLe che ke ma. sa. 144 ane te pachI naMdavaMzI ane mauryavaMzI rAjAonuM khaMDiyApaNuM sva11 varSe eTale ma. saM. 155nA AMka sAthe uparanA kAryuM che. AmAM vasatazrInuM lAMbA vakhata mATe baMne banAvo koIka ne koIka rIte saMkaLAyelA dekhAya mauryavaMzInuM khaDiyApaNuM to kayAre saMbhave ke, pote ja che. ApaNane ItihAsa zIkhave che ke, ma. saM. 155mAM lAMbA vakhata mATe gAdI upara rahyA hoya; paMratu (juo pu. 2 mAM mauryavaMzanI hakIkata) caMdragupta nAme atyAre te mAtra bA-1 varSa sudhI rahela tenA eka vyakitae. mahAnaMdane harAvIne magadhanI gAdI adhikAra vizenI ja vicAraNA cAlI rahI che. eTale hastagata karI hatI ane te kAryamAM kaligapati vakra tene choDI daIne, kevaLa rAjA yajJazrIe je thoDIka grIvanI madada lIdhI hatI. paraMtu pAchaLathI madada meLavyAnI mudata mATe khaMDiyApaNuM-satyapaNuM svIkAryuM che tene ja zaratonuM pAlana karatI veLA evA banAvo banavA pAmyA vicAra karavo rahyo. A pramANe A pArigrAphamAM hatA, ke kaliMganA dezaupara paNa teja mauryavaMzI caMdra jaNAvelA je koI muddA tapAsIzuM to e ja sAra guptanAM AdhipatyanI asara pahoMcavA pAmI hatI. nIkaLaze ke, ma. sa. 144 thI 146 sudhImAMnA Teka eTale ema spaSTa thayuM ke ma. sa. 155nA banAvamAM samayamAM caMdragupta nAmanI vyakitae hiMdI ItihAsamAM je cagasa nAmanI vyaktie ja mukhya bhAga bhajavya rasa lIdho che. tenA upara ja vadasaMtazrIne gAdIethI che. have zodhavuM rahe che ke, A caMdragupta kayAMthI uda-' uThI javAnA prasaMgane mukhyataH sabaMdha hovo joIe. bhavyo ane te ma. saM. 155mAM, eTalo badho kema pu. 2, pR. 199 upara jaNAvAyuM che ke, caMdragupta prakAzamAM Avyo ke teNe magadha ane kaliga jevA ma. sa. 145 mAM ke te arasAmAM (potAnI seLa meTAM be sAmrAjyane dhaNadhaNAvI mUkyA-baMnene pitAnI varSanI uMmare-cANakayanI madadathI) aMga ane vaMza sattAmAM laI lIdhA. A badhuM zI rIte banavA pAmyuM dezanI vaccenA pradezamAM, ke jyAM hAlanuM revA rAjya hatuM tenI tavArIkhamAM je utarI zakAya te, kadAca te ane chattIsagaDha tAlukAvALo bhAga che (pu. 2, pR. samayanA traNa sattAdhIza rAjakartAomAMnA ukata bene 24 nI sAmenI AkRti naM 5) tyAM rAjAnaMdanA mUlakane vane bAkI rahetA trIjA evA AMdhrapatine lagatI kaMTIne-bhAMgIne pitAnA rAjyanI sthApanA karI hatI. hakIkata tAravI zakAya; ane pariNAme etihAsika eTale ema sAbita thayuM che. A bhAga upara sAmagrInI gUTIo dekhAya che te saMdhAI javA paNa pAme. prathama (caMdragupta te bhAga bathAvI pADo te caMdraguptano janma ma. saM. 130=I. sa. pU. agAu ) naMdarAjAnI sattA hatI, jyAre uparamAM ApaNe 397 mAM thayAnuM (pR. 2, pR. 154) temaja teNe kahI gayA chIe ke te bhAga upara eka veLAe te maryavazanI sthApanA ma. saM. 146=I. sa. pUrve mahArathInI sattA hatI jene yajJazrIe harAvIne tenI 381-2 mAM karyAnuM-eTale pite rAjapade AvyAnuM putrI nAganikA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. A mahArathIo (pu. 2, pR. 146) ane magadhasamrATa ma. saM. 155 jeke potAne aMgakuLavardhana lekhAve che, paraMtu aMgadezanA = I. sa. pU. 372 mAM banyAne (pu. 2, pR. 146) A bhAga upara, yajJazrIe mahArathIne harAvyA te sAbita karavAmAM AvyuM che. eTale tenA jIvananA samaye rAjA khAravelanuM ane te pUrve naMdavaMzanuM-magadhanuM A traNa samaya sAthe rAjA yajJazrInA maraNa pAmyAnI adhipatipaNuM ja hatuM, ke je Adhipatya naMdivardhananA ma. saM. 144nI sAla tathA vadasatazrIne ma. saM. samaye vadhAre majabUta banyuM hatuM. eTale vAstavika 146 mAM uThADI mUkavAmAM Avyo hato (pR. 33 tathA rIte to, te mahArathIo magadhanA ja sUbAo hatA. g, 15ra) te be banAvo sAthe koI saMbaMdha che ke kema paranta mahApadma urphe naMda bIjAnuM mRtyu ma. saM. 100 te tapAsavuM paDaze. vaLI pR. 2 mAM sikkA prakaraNe I. sa. pU. 4ra7 mAM thatAM, je rAjadvArI parivartana naM. 56, 5, 67, 68nI hakIkata tathA AgaLa ApeluM magadhane aMge thayuM hatuM tene lIdhe, te samayathI mAMDI varNana tapAsIzuM te jaNAya che ke, rAjA yajJazrIe atyAre ma. sa. 144 sudhInA 40-45nA varSanI thoDIka mudata mATe, temaja vadavatazrIe lAMbI mudata mATe, gALAmAM A vibhAga upara vAraMvAra mAlikInI phera Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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154 ] vasatazrI zAtakaraNi [ ekAdazama khaMDa badalI thavA pAmI hatI. have tyAMnA-magadhano mAmale 30 hatA) bhAIo thatA hatA; jyAre vartamAna AMdhrapati (rAjA mahAnaMdanuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM ane tene banela vasatazrI te, bhatrijA zrImukha te bhAI ane gAdie beThA 30-32 varSa thaI gayAM hatAM31 tethI tenA putra yajJazrI eTale bhatrije)ne paNa putra thatA hatA. vadhAre majabUta ane saMgIna banI gayo hato.. eTale mahAnaMdane bhAI tarapha vizeSa pakSapAta rahe te dekhItuM che. uparAMta vadasatazrI sagIra vayano hovAthI eTale maLelI takano lAbha levA teNe kamara kasI hoya tenI vidhavA mAtA rAjya calAvatI hatI. ane teNInI te kAMI asaMbhavita nahatuM ja. tethI banavA yogya che ke rAjA mahAnaMde potAnI sattAmAMthI khasI gayelA ane uMmara 5NuM bahu bahu te pacIsa varSanI AsapAsa hatI eTale teNIne rAjapa, kahI na zakAya. A sthitine pachI anukrame khAravela tathA AMdhrapatine tAbe gayela lAbha uThAvI, kRSNa potAnA bhAI evA magadhapati mahAA sarva mUlaka, yajJazrInA uttarakALe tenA paMjAmAMthI naMdanI pAse AkhA kesanI rajuAta karIne (uparAMta punaH meLavI lIdhA heya, ke jenuM sUcana ApaNane rAjA kRSNanI tarapheNanI eka vastu paNa che-je tenA pu. 2, sikkA naM. 56nA varNanamAMthI maLI rahe che. vRttAMte jaNAvavAmAM AvI che) potAnI tarapheNamAM cUkAde kahevAno matalaba e thaI ke rAjAyajJazrI pote, jIvananA meLavI lIdho hoya te kAMI asaMbhavita nathI; ane rANIaMte mahAnaMdane khaMDiyo banyo hovA saMbhava che ane nAganikAe samaya oLakhI, pitAne kaI baLavAnanI tema bane te, vasatazrI 5Na te ja dazAmAM gAdie sahAya nathI ema mAno, muMge moDhe badhuM sahana karI lIdhuM Avyo gaNAya. A pramANe eka vastusthiti thai. bIjI paNa hoya. A pramANe je paristhiti amane sUjhI tene bAjI ApaNe jANIe chIe ke (pR. 177) mahAnaMda, khyAla Apyo che. vaLI sarva banAvIne vihaMgadaSTie zrImakha ane kaNa-A traNe mahApA urpha naMda bIjAnA khyAla AvI zake mATe te pratyekanA samayanI noMdha putra heIne (bhale bhinnabhinna mAtAnA udare jamyA TUMkamAM ApIe - ma. sa. I. sa. pU. je pradeza upara caMdragupta potAnI gAdI prathama jamAvI hatI te naMda 100sudhI 4ra7 sudhI bIjA urphe mahApAne tAbe hatA. 102 425 A pradeza rAjA khAraveleM jItI lIdhuM. A samaye magadhaupara naMda trIjAthI AThamAnA aMta (ma. saM. 100 thI 112 ) sudhI rAjakIya vA-vaMToLa jAmI paDayo hato. 104-5 393-2 A pradeza kaliMganI sattAmAMthI, yajJazrIe AMdhrarAjayamAM bheLavI lIdhe. yajJazrI svataMtra banyA. 14ra- 385-4 pAchA A pradeza naMda navamAe u mahAna yajJazrI pAsethI jItI lIdho. yazrI bhatya banyo gaNAya. 143-4 384-7 yazrInuM maraNa thatAM, tene putra vadasazrI naMdavaMzanA kRtya tarIke AMdhrapati banyo. 14-5 383-ra varasatazrInI virUddha cukAda meLavI, yAzrInA kAkA kRSNa AMdasAmrAjyanI gAdI bathAvI pADI. - - (30) ma, saM. 100thI mAMDIne magadhamAM kevI aMdhAdhudhI pitAnA saradAroe tenA hukamanI kevI avagaNanA karavA pravatI rahI hatI te mATe pu. 1mAM naMdavaMzane vRttAMta jue. mAMDI hatI (pu. 1mAM tenuM vRttAMta juo) tathA pitAne (3) mahAnaMda-naMda navame ma. saM. 152mAM gAdIe nakSatrayI pRthvI karavA (uparamAM 5.56) kevA pApa levA beTho che ane atyAre varNavavA prasaMga 144mAM banyA paDayA hatA, te sarva sthitine vicAra karatAM tenI DAmADeLa che tethI 32 varSa lekhAvyAM che. sthitine khyAla AvI jaze. eTale A sthiti maTI jatAM (2) pate kevA saMjogomAM gAdIe beTho hate tathA te saMgIna banyA hovAnuM ja mAnavuM rahe.

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ul i[r!IIT 1:))nA Jiglistill aSama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra-(3) zrIkRSNa pahele; vAsiSThaputra-pitAne hakkana hovA chatAM, je saMgamAM teNe gAdI bathAvI pADI che temAM nimittabhUta banela avasaronI Apela samIkSA-A nAmanA be rAjAo thayA che te tattvanI, sikkA AdhAre thayela zodhane Apela hevAlakhADo khode te paDe te kudaratI nyAye tenA jIvananA aMte ubhe thayela prasaMga- (4) vasiSThaputra vasatazrI, mallikazrI zAtakaraNi-tenA nAma sAthe mallikazrI zabda, zA mATe joDAyela che tenI Apela samAja temaja viliya zabdanA arthanI Apela mAhitI -tenI uMmara tathA tenA parivAra vize karelI carcA-tenA rAjyanI cArapAMca viziSTatAone Apela uDato paricaya-tene rAjyavistAra kevA kevA prasaMge ane kevI kevI rIte vadhavA pAmyuM hatuM tenuM vistArapUrvaka ApeluM varNana-tenI mAtA rANI nAganikAe ketarAvela nAnAghATanA zilAlekhane nizcita karI Apela samaya (5) pUNensaMga urphe mADharIputra zivalapurasa-tenAM nAma ane birUda upara paDela prakAza-te samaye AkhA bhAratamAM zuM sthiti pravartI rahI hatI teno khyAla sahita tenA rAjyanI vRddhine Apela ilekhAba-eka mazahura paradezI elacInA zabda AdhAre tenA sinyabaLanI lIdhela tapAsa, tathA pUrvApara temAM zuM zuM pheraphAra thavA pAmyA che tene Apela kAMIka khyAla-puSyamitra te zrImukhane samakAlIna nathI tathA caMdragupta te koTasa nathI; A banne hakIkatane vadhu Apela akeka dRSTAMta-rAjapATanAM sthAna temaja paiTha ane amarAvatI nagarI vizenI lIdhela tapAsa ane chevaTe nizcita karI Apela banne sthaLanI jAherajalAlIne samaya-

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156 ] ' @ tenI oLakha ane umara zrIkRSNanI oLakha ane ubhara zatavanavaMza (cAlu) (3) zrIkRSNa pahelA; vAsiSThaputra purANakArAnA kahevA pramANe (pR. 26nI nAmAvalI) rAjA zrImukha pachI tene bhAI kRSNa gAdIe AvyA hatA paraMtu pUrvanA prakaraNeAmAM sAbita karI gayA pramANe have nakkI thaI gayuM che ke, zrImukha pachI to tenA putra yajJazrI AvyA hatA ane te bAda tenA sagIra putra vasatazrI beThe hatA. A vadasatazrI bALaka hAvAthI tenI mA, rANI nAganikAe rAjalagAma hAthamAM lIdhI hatI. paraMtu kevA saMyeAgeAmAM tene uThI javuM paDayu hatuM te sarva vigata, uparamAM lakhI gayA chIe eTale atra pAchI utAravI jarUrIlR nathI. mAtra je hakIkata nathI jaNAvAi teneA ja ullekha karIzuM. sagAnA levAmAM rAjA rAjakAraNamAM InsAka, AMkhazarama ke, saMbaMdha karatAM svArthanI dRSTie vizeSa kAma Ave che. te ughADI vAta che; ane tethI ja mahAnaMda magadhapatie kRSNatA pakSa laI kharA hakkadAra vasatazrInA haka upara tarApa pADI hatI, tene jo ke kAMSTaka citAra apAi gayA che. paraMtu vizeSa spaSTI karaNanI apekSA rahe che. naMda navamAnA bALakaputrA taraphathI apamAnita thatAM, naMdakuLanA nAza pAte na kare tyAMsudhI magadhanI bhUminA tyAga karyAnuM tathA zikhA chUTI rAkhI pharavAnuM paM. cANakaye paNa lIdhAnI hakIkata, tenuM jIvanavRttAMta lakhatAM pu. 1 mAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. te vAtane lagabhaga paMdareka varSanAM vahANAM vahI gayAM hatAM. eTale ke je mayurASakanI bALAnA garbhanuM teNe rakSaNu karyuM hatuM te putrarUpe je janmyA hatA te caMdragupta atyAre (tenA janma ma. saM. 130 mAM hAvAthI jIe pu. 2-pR. 154 atyAre) ma. saM. 144mAM paMdara varSane thayeA hatA. paM. cANakayane te| A vAtanI caTapaTI lAgI hovAthI vismaraNa thAya tevuM ja nahotuM. tethI teNe mayurASakanI khALAnA mAtipatA pAse AvI, peAtAne Apela vacana pramANe te putra sAMpI devAnI mAMgaNI karI. pachI tene sAthe rAkhI magadhabhUminI sarahada, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa jyAM AMdhrapatinA ane liMgapatinA mulakanI aDe|aDa AvI rahI hatI tyAM teNe lUMTaphATa karI, ceADIdhaNI jamIna kabaje karI, peAtAne ane caMdraguptane rahevA mATe sthAna utpanna karyuM. A samaye pelI vRddhA ane khIra khAtA tenA bALakavALA banAva (pru. 2, pR. 166) banavAthI paM. cANakayane peAtAnI bhUla samajAi. eTale vyavasthApUrvaka hallA karavA mAMDyA. dhIme dhIme te vAta magadhapati mahAnaMdane kAne paDI eTale teNe peAtAnA vairIne udaya thai gayA che tathA paM. cANakaya peAtAnuM dhAryuM karaze te zuM pariNAma AvI zakaze, teneA aMdAja kADhI lIdhA. joke kaliMgapatinA rAjyanI hada paNa tyAM Avela hatI, chatAM tenA peTanuM pANI hAle tevuM nahetuM, kemake prathama to te bhAvilAsI hAvAthI ahu kALajIvaMta paNa nahAtA, tema paM. cANakayane kAMI tenI sAthe verajhera jevuM nahAtuM ke tenI prajAne raMjADe. ulaTuM te mahAcatura ane rAjakIyakSetre kema kAma levuM temAM paTu hAvAthI, tene krodhita thavAnuM kAraNuM ApavAmAM jANI joine dUrane dUra rahevAnuM pasaMda karatA hatA. kaliMgapatinI prajA, paM. cANakayanI ane pelA vATapADu kumAra caMdraguptanA raMjADathI mukta che ane tema karavAmAM kAMIka uMDI bAjI ramAtI haiAvI joie, te samAcAra paNa mahAnaMdane paheAMcI gayA hatA. eTale pelI raMjADavALI sarahadanA trabheTAe joDAtAM traNa rAjyAmAMthI bAkI rahelA AMdhrapatine, jo kAMika yuktithI potAnA pakSamAM joDI zakAya te mana phrAvatA dAva ramI zakAya ema rAjakIya kSetra'ja ramavAmAM pAvaradhA anelA mahAnaMde nihALI lIdhuM. A vakhate ma. saM. 145nI sAla ane AMdhrapatitarIke pelA bALaka vasatazrInI dheASaNA cAlI rahI hatI. temAM khALaka taraphathI sahAyanI AzA te zuM rAkhI zakAya paraMtu tenI rIjaMTa tarIke kAma calAvatI vidhavA mAtA rANI nAganikAnI uMmara paNa bahubahu tA 25-27 varSanI, jene gaddApacIsIne samaya kahevAya temAMthI pasAra thatI hatI. vaLI teNIne rAjakAraNanA bila kula paricaya nahatA. jethI teNInA taraphathI paNa joie tyAre ane joie teTalI saMtAkAraka kumaka maLI rahe www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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zrIkRSNanI oLakha ane umara aSTama pariccheda ] ke kema te vize anizcitatA mAlama paDatI hatI. eTale saLI paristhitine vicAra karIne teNe, peAtAnA oramAna bhAI zrIkRSNa je atyAre jIvaMta hatA, temaja acapaNamAM magadhanA darabAranA ane pAchaLathI vaDIlabaMdhu rAjA zrImukhanA ane bhatrIjA yajJazrInA hAca taLe AMdhradarakhAranA anubhava laI je atyAre meTI uMmare paheAMcI gayA hatA, tenA tarapha tenI madada meLavavA mITa mAMDI. kumAra kRSNa (bhale vRddha thavA AvyA hatA paNa gAdIpati na heAvAthI rAjakuTuMbanA mANasane kumAra kahIne ja saMmAdhAya che)ne teA eka bAju eramAna bhAi ne bIjI bAju bhatrIjAneA putra, ema banne bAju sagAM hAvAthI, prathama teA taTastha rahevAnI icchA thaI Ave te dekhItuM che; paraMtu jyAM svArthanI gaNanA AvIne ubhI rahe tyAM teA bhAInI tarapha UbhA rahevAnuM mana thAya ja, kemake tema karatAM pate eka khAju eka ugatA mahAsAmrAjyanA svAmI bane che tathA khIjI khAjI, khIjA mahAsAmrAjyanA rAjakartAnI maitrI ane prIti saMpAdana karI zake che. eka kAMkare be pakSI mAravAnA eka dAve e seAgaThI mAravAnA-avasara maLatA heAvAthI, geraInsApha thatA heAvA chatAM, bhAInA pakSe aMte joDAvA kabUla thayA. Ame vAtazrI ane rANI nAganikA mahAnaMdanA khaMDiyA jevA tA hatA ja, temAM rAjakIya paristhirthAta jyAre badhI samajANI tyAre pAte sarva rIte asahAya che ema teNIne lAgyuM. teNIe peAte ja AMdhrapatinI gAdI khAlI karI kRSNanA mArga meAkaLA karI ApyA. eTale kevA saMjogAmAM kumArakRSNe AMdhrapati banyA hatA tathA pele nAnAbrATanA zilAlekha rANI nAganikAnA hAthe jyAre lakhAyA tyAre temAM potAnA hRdayanI hAyavarALa ThAlavIne, peAtAnA kAkAsasarA mATe dhRNAjanaka zabdo kema vAparavA paDayA hatA ityAdi hakIkata, keTale aMze vyAjakhI che te sarve bAbatane vAcakane pUrepUrA khyAla AvI jaze. A pramANe rAjA kRSNanA svabhAvanI eLakha thaI. have bIjI rItanI eLakha ApIe. pu. 2, pR. 112 upara sikko naM. 63, kAIka zrIkRSNu sAtakaraNine che. tenuM prAptisthAna caMdAjIle Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 157 che. eTale svabhAvikarIte ja e anumAna karI zakAya ke te rAjA, atyAre jenuM varNana karI rahyA chIe te ja, zrIkRSNa hAvA joie. paraMtu te sikkAmAM apAyalA anya varNananA jyAre vicAra karIe chIe tyAre tarata te anumAnathI AvA khasI javuM paDe che. temAM hAthI che ane te paNa savaLI bAjue ja che, eTale tarata ja ApaNI najara samakSa samrATa priyadarzina taravaratA dekhAya che, jenA samaya te A zrIkRSNanA samaya karatAM hajI dhaNA pAchaLa che. tema sikkAmAM citra kAtaravAnI paddhati tarapha najara khecIe chIe te tene svataMtra rAjA na lekhatAM priyadarzinane tAmenA lekhavA paDe che. A pramANenI e sthitinA vicAra karatAM ApaNuM dhyAna samrATa priyadarzine kAtarAvela dhaulI-jAgauDAmAM varNavelI pelI paristhiti tarapha taratamAM jAya che. temAM spaSTa jaNAvela che ke teNe AMdhrapatine harAvI, aMtaranA te sagA thatA heAvAthI be vakhata jatA karyo hatA. eTale kalpanA thaI ke zuM te lekhamAM varNavela AMdhrapati te A ja vyakti haze ke? paraMtu pR. 38 mAMnI nAmAvI tapAsatAM tarata te bheda kADhI nAMkhavA pAcA. priyadarzinane samakAlina zrIkRSNe te gautamIputra che, jyAre atra jenuM varNana cAle che te kRSNa te vAsiSThana putra che. matalabake kRSNanAmanA banne rAjvIe bhinna bhinna vyakti harI; jethI A vAsiSThaputra, samayanI gaNatrIe prathama thayela hAvAthI tene zrIkRSNa pahelA ane priyadarzinanA samakAlinapaNe thayela zrIkRSNane khIjA kRSNa tarIke oLakhAvavA rahe che. rAjA zrIkRSNe pahelA Azare ma. sa. 7mAM janmyA heAvAnuM (pR. 139)jaNAvAyuM che. temaja ma. sa 145mAM gAdIe AvyAnuM, ane ma. saM. 155mAM maraNa pAmyAnuM (pR. 39) sAbita thAya che eTale te hiMsAe lagabhaga 72 varSanI uMmare rAjA banyAnuM ane 82 varSanI uMmare te maraNa pAmyAnuM gaNavuM paDaze. tenI rANI ke putraparivAra vize kAI jAtanI mAhitI maLatI. nathI eTale te vize mauna ja sevavuM paDe che. magadhapati mahAnaMdanA pakSamAM rAjA zrIkRSNe bhaLI gayAnuM uparanA pArimAE joI gayA chIe, bhaLata www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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158 ] zrIkRSNanuM anya vRttAMta [ ekAdazAma khaMDa bhaLI te javAyuM ane pote mahAsukhI thaze ema 155=I. sa. pU. 381thI 372 sudhI bhagavA karyo dhAreluM. paraMtu te AnaMda ke sukha pachI jyAre tene temaja paM. cANakayane lAgyuM ke have anya vRttAMta tenA nasIbamAM bahu cIrakALI pitAnI gaNanA eka sArA rAja patine yugya thaI thavAne sarajAyelAM nahotAM. kudaratane cUkI che tyAre tarata ja medAnamAM udhADA paDIne AgaLa anyAya taraka hamezAM kaDavI najara hoya che tethI te jemane vadhavAnuM teoe ucita dhAryuM. eTale sauthI pahelAM rAjA tema calAvI letI nathI. AthI prathama to rAjA kRSNanA zrIkRSNa upara ja hale laI gayA ane A laDAImAM pakSamAMthI rANI nAgarikAnA pitRpakSa-mahArathIo rAjA zrIkRSNa mAryo javAthI, caMdragupta pite magadhasamrATa vALAno-mULagAdI tarapha aNagamo vadhato gayo ane banyo hato te pUrve te pote AMdhrapati banyAnuM kahI bIjI bAju, caMdragupta je eka rIte mahAnaMdane pratipakSI zakAya. temaja adrita rAjya-gaNarAjyanI vyavasthA hato te havethI rAjA kRSNane paNa pratipakSI thayo. cAlu hovAthI-AMdhano kharo hakadAra vadasatazrI je alabata, mahAnaMda eka moTo samrATa hatA ane caMdragupta atyAre aDhAramA varSamAM pravezI cUkayo hato. tene punaH bahu ja nAnA pradezane mAlika hatuM. paraMtu bhUlavuM te sthAna upara teNe sthApita karI dIdho. eTale joituM nathI ke mahAnaMda jeke kRSNanI peThe ekadama AMdhrapati je mahAnaMdane bhatya kahevAse hatA te havethI vRddhAvasthAmAM nahotuM pravezyo, mAtra dazeka varSe ja tenAthI caMdraguptane bhatya kahevAvA lAgyo. nAne hatuM chatAM, jyArathI magadhanuM sukAna teNe hAtha rAjA zrIkRSNanA ATalA rAjadvArI jIvana sivAya lIdhuM tyArathI ghaNe khare samaya rAjyane suvyavasthita anya kAMI banyuM hovAnI mAhitI maLatI nathI. karavAmAM guMcAyele rahyA karato hato. prathama te ghara temaja je zilAlekha (paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 2) AgaLanA rAjakarmacArI gaNutA kSatriyane daMDita tene maLI Ave che temAM teNe kAMIka dharmanimite karI tene AkhA magadhane lagabhaga nakSatriya karI dAna karyAnuM jaNAyuM che te sivAya tenI jIMdagImAM koI mUka paDyo hato ane te bAda pazcimanA saghaLA sAmAjIka banAva banyo hovAnuM paNa jaNAyuM nathI. mulakane zAMta karI, dUra paMjAbamAMthI ANelI vidvA- eTale ApaNe tenuM vRttAMtaAlekhana baMdha karavuM paDe che. nanI pelI tripuTInA matsarane lIdhe mAnasika ukaLATa (4) vasatazrI mallikA zrIzatakaraNa-viliyA paNa vaherI levo paDayo hate-ke jethI keme karyA kurasa vAsiSThaputra zarIra ane mananI zAMti meLavavA jevI sthitimAM te naM. 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJazrI ane rANI nAgaAvI zako nahote, eTale akALe vRddhatvane pAmI nikAne je putra sagIra vayano hato ane uparanA prakaraNe gayo hato. matalaba ke atyAre rAjadvArI kSetre be pakSo jene ApaNe ne. vALA rAjA baMdhAI gayA jevuM thayuM hatuM. ekapakSe mahAnaMda ane tenI oLakha zrIkRSNanI pUrve, naMbara ApyA zrIkRSNa pahelo ane bIjA pakSe caMdragupta. prathama pakSamAMnA tathA nAme vinA vadasatazrInuM nAma jaNAvI zrIkRSNanI sthiti paNa pitAnA sahapakSI mahAnaMdanI gayA chIe, te have pukhta vayane peThe AMtarakalaha ane manadu:khane lIdhe ati DAmADoLa thaI gayo hata; temaja gAdI upara khare haka tene banI javA pAmI hatI. eTale bIjApakSe rahela caMdraguptane pahoMcato hato eTale agAunI mAphaka vidhavA mAtAnI svecchAe bane bAjue-eka bAju magadhanI ane daravaNI sivAya te svataMtra rIte AMdhrapati tarIke bIjI bAju AMdhranI-jyAM lAgakAve tyAM avAranavAra hakumata calAvate have nImAyo hato. pite vadasatazrI hale laI jaI, mulakane jItI laI rAjyanI jamAvaTa kema kahevAtuM hatuM ane temAM malikazrI nAma zo karavAnI anukuLatA maLI gaI hatI. AvI suMdara takane uparathI umeravAmAM AvyuM hatuM te sarva varNana lAbha teNe lagabhaga AThathI nava varSa-ma. sa. 14thI prasaMgopAta che. 140mAM jaNAvI gayA chIe, bAkInAM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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aThThama paricchedra ] e khida, vilivayapurasa ane vAsiSThaputra je joDAyAM che tenI samajUti ja atre ApavI rahe che. vilivayapurasa=vilivaya ane kurasa evA zabdane banelA che. AmAMnA 'kurane saMskRta 'kula' zabdane apabhraMza lekhI tene kASTha eka peTAjAti vizeSanA sabhya tarIke keTalAka vidvAna gaNAve che. jo te artha kharAkhara haiAta tA, te upanAma te| AkhAye vaMzane lAgu paDatuM sAmAnya gaNAta ane tethI sarva rAjA peAtAnA nAma sAthe saMyukta karata, paraMtu te sthiti najare nathI paDatI. A hakIkata ja pUravAra karI Ape che ke te zabdane, jAti ke tenA peTA vibhAga sAthe saMbaMdha ja nathI. parantu eka ThekANe jema anya graMthakArara jAve che tema, vilivaya eTale vIvilaya jeNe dhAraNa karyAM che tevA purUSa tene kahevAya. matalaba ke teNe evI bhAvanAthI--abhimAnathI, peAtAnI bhrUjA upara valaye dhAraNa karyAM che temaja garbhita rIte Ama janatAne tethI havAna Ape che, ke krAI mAyane putra bahAra paDI tenA upara jIta meLavaze tyAre ja e valaya pAte utAraze. eTale ke A zabdanA artha khAsa viziSTa guNu dharAvanAra (endowed with special qualification) tarIke karAyA che ane tethI ja tene upayAga mAtra amuka vyaktiee amuka prasaMgeja karyAM che. amArUM ema mAnavuM che ke jyAre rAjAe kAI rAjAthI parAjIta thaI tenA khaDiyA eTale "bhatyA"nI kakSAmAM rahetA tyAre teo A padanA tyAga karatA parantu jevA te rAjAnI dhUMsarI phagAvI 64 krIne svataMtra banatA ke te padane pAchuM dhAraNa karatA. A siddhAMta vaDe keTalAka sikkAnI (pu. 2, pR. 106 thI AgaLa jIe) oLakhanA tarata nIkAla pazu ANI zakAya che. A peAte vAsiSThaputra kahevarAve che, te arthamAM kAMI khAsa navInatA to nathI ja. parantu te kathanathI tenI tenI umara tathA parivAra (1) OM, AM. ra prastAvanA pU. 87:-kura=( skr=kula) tribeH jema mihirakulamAM mahurbIhI samAsa che tema vilinArIprince belonging to the tribe of Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 159 mAtA rANI nAganikAnAnA gAtranI ApaNane bhALa thAya che. vaLI te pati tenA pitA, dAdA ane anya vaMzoe lagADelA AvA geAtrIya nAmeAnA ukela lAvavAmAM cAvIrUpa thai paDe che. te hakIkata darzAvavA pUratA ja ahIM ullekha karavA Avazyaka lAgyA che. vadasatnIne lAgatI na heAvA chatAM paNa, tenuM nAma je eka zilAlekhamAM lakhyuM thayuM che, temAM eka bAbata jaNAvelI hAvAthI te upara atra lakSa kheMcatA jarUra lAge che. pariccheda pAMcamAmAM zilAlekha naM. 1 varNana karatAM vidvAneAnA mata TAMkI jaNAvAyuM che ke vadasatazrIne be varSe nAnA eka bhAi hatA, jenuM nAma kasira hatuM. A harine (A. sa. ve. IM. pu. 6 mAM pU. 62, TI. naM. 1) DaoN. myulara sAhebe, jainagraMthamAM prakhyAti pAmelA "zaktikumAra" tarIke ALakhAvyA che. parantu te upanAma te| A vaMzanA eka mahAparAkramI evA rAjA hAla zAlivAhananuM che, te kevI rIte banavA yeAgya che, tenI samajutI ApaNe prathama paricchede lekha naM. 3mAM ApI che. matalaba ke je lekhamAM A be kumAranAM nAmeA ApyAM che temanA samayanA nirNaya karanArAoe gAyu khAdheluM hAvAthI temaNe A zaktikumArane anya vyakti dhArI lIdhI che. A harinuM nAma ke nizAna itihAsamAM kayAMya nAMdhAyuM dekhAtuM nathI, eTale tenuM maraNu thaI gayuM haze evA anumAna upara javuM paDaze. ma. saM. 145mAM potAnA pitAnA maraNa samaye tenI umara ATha varSanI hAI tenA janma ma. saM. 137mAM (uparamAM pR. 146) hovAnuM ApaNe TharAvyuM che. eTale jyAre te A khIjI vakhata ma. saM. 155mAM gAdIe beThA tyAre 18 varSanA hatA ane 56 varSa rAjya karI ma. saM. 210 I. sa. 317mAM maraNa pAmyA che te gaNatrIe tenI umara tathA parivAra Vilivay, Shival etc. 'vilivAya ane zivala kulane' rAjakuMvara. (ra) 4. su. sa. TIkA pU. pa. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tenA rAjyanI viziSTatAo [ ekAdazama khaMDa temanI umara 45nI kahI zakAze. eTale tene uparane putrajanmavALo prasaMga banyo che. bahu tyAre rAjyakALa I. sa. 6. 381thI 317 sudhI 54 varSane tene samaya ma. saM. 157 kahI zakAze. kadAtra be varSa ApAcho teno samaya TharAvAya tepaNu ati tenI rANI ke putraparivAra vize koI jAtane upayogI nathI ja; kemake te putranuM maraNa nIpajI mAhitI nathI. paraMtu tenI gAdIe AvanAra ja cUkyuM hatuM eTale tene aitihAsika mahatva ApavA panna thatuM hoya te mADharIgotra sivAyane eka bIjo jevuM rahetuM ja nathI. paraMtu bhadrabAhu ane varAhapatra paNa tene thayo hovAnuM jainagraMtha uparathI jaNAya mihira ke jemaNe varAhasaMhitA nAme jyotiSazAstrano che. temAM A pramANe lakhAyala che. "pratiSThAna nAmanA graMtha racyo hato temanA samayanuM A kathananagaramAM varAhamihira ane bhadrabAhu nAme be brAhma- mAMthI sUcana maLI rahe che, te eka ati e dIkSA lIdhI. tyAM bhadrabAhusvAmIne AcArya upathagI vastu che. A bhadrabAhusvAmI maurya caMdraguptanA padavI maLyAthI varAhamihirane gusso Avyo. tethI gurU hatA ke jemanI pAse teNe potAne ujainImAM lAdhelAM pite brAhmaNane veza laIne 'varAha saMhitA" banAvIne soLa svane kahI varNavyAM hatAM ane je uparathI temaNe lonAM nimitta jene AjIvikA calAvavA bhaviSya bhAMkhI batAvyuM hatuM (pu. 2, pR. 193); lAge,eka dahADo rAjAne ghera putra AvavAthI A uparathI rAjA caMdragupta (ma. sa. 169 I. sa. 6. varAhamihire tenuM so varSanuM AyuSya kahyuM. tethI sarva 358) dIkSA laI pitAnA gurU tathA aneka zrAvaka ane lake tathA yogI vagere rAjA pAse jaIne chokarAne sAdhusamudAya sAthe dakSiNamAM vihAra karyo hato. tyAM AzIrvAda ApavA lAgyA. paNa bhadrabAhu svAmI nahI zravaNabelagola tIrthanI najIkamAM saMlekhaNavRttathI gura gayAthI varAhamihira jainonI niMdA karAvavA lAgyo. bhadrabAhasvAmIe ma. sa. 170=I. sa. pU. 357 huM pachI bhadrabAhasvAmIe zrAvakane kahyuM ke AjathI dehatyAga karyo hato. A badhA banAve tathA temane wtame divase A rAjAnA kuMvaranuM bIlADIthI mRtyu thaze. samaya arasaparasa maLI rahe che jethI tene kharI pachI rAjAe sarve bIlADIone gAmamAMthI kADhI atihAsika ghaTanAo tarIke ja lekhavI rahe che. mUkAvI. te paNa sAtame dahADe te dhAvato hato te vakhate AkhA zatavahanavaMzamAM trIsa uparanI saMkhyAmAM bIlADInA AkAravALe kamADane AgaLIo tenA rAjAo thayA che temAM 50 varSa uparAMtanuM rAjya para akasmAta paDavAthI te mRtyu pAmyo. tethI jeoe gaLyuM che tevA traNa bhadrabAhasvAmInI prazaMsA tathA varAhamihiranI tenA rAjayanI cAra rAjAo thayA che. temane niMdA sarva jagAe thavA lAgI." A uparathI viziSTatAe eka A vAsatazrIne gaNu rahe samajAya che ke, bhadrabAhuvAmIne AcAryapada (ma. che. A eka viziSTatA che. bIjI sa. 156 I. sa. pU. 371) maLyA pachI taratamAM viziSTatA e che ke, sarva rAjAe ekaeka vakhata ja (3) sU, su, pR. 125-6. zilAlekho tathA pracaMDakAya je mUrtio, tyAM temaja anya (4) bIjo prasaMga paNa bhadrabAhusvAmI ane varAha sthaLe ubhI karAvI che te ubhI karAvavAmAM kayAM kAraNo mihiranI brAnaparIkSA banI gayA hatA. paraMtu tene atre nimittabhUta che, tene ItihAsa ApaNe pu. 2 mAM, te ' saMbaMdha nahi hovAthI tene sparza karavA jarUra rahetI nathI. mationuM varNana karatAM Ape che. eTale khAtrI thAya (5) A badhA banAvo eTale caMdragupta dIkSA levI che ke te banAvo banyAnuM satya kare che. vaLI eTaluM te yA bhadrabAhusvAmIzrInuM dakSiNamAM javuM; I. 8. no bUla karavuM ja paDaze ke, pustakIya AdhAra hoya ke na hoya, vetAMbarIya jainagraMthomAM ullekha thayela na hovAthI, keTalAka paraMtu zilAlekha ane mUrtio jyAM mejIda sAkSI pavI dalipata mAne che. paraMtu samrATa priyadarzine te pradezamAM rahI hoya, tyAM zaMkAnuM sthAna zI rIte maLI zake ! . Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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-aSTama pariccheda ] vasatazrIne rAjya vistAra gAdIe birAjavAne bhAgyazALI thayA che tyAre vasata- tera varSe paNa A rAjA makSikazrInA rAjyajIvananAM bIne be vakhata gAdIe AvavAne avasara prApta thayo svataMtrapaNe ja vyatIta thavA pAmyAM hatAM. A rItie che. pachI A avasarane subhAgya, durbhAgya ke kamabhAgya tene traNa traNa samrATonuM mAMDaLikapaNuM sevavuM paDayuM game te kahe te judI vastu che. trIjI viziSTatA e che ke, hatuM. A pramANe tenA rAjyanI cAra viziSTatAo AvA dIrdhavahIvaTI rAjakartAomAM sauthI vizeSa zAnti- samajI levI. priya rAjaamala je kAIne nivaDayo hoya te A eka bAju kahevuM ke tenuM rAjya ekadama zAntimaya vasatazrIno ja che. sAdhAraNa rIte tenuM rAjya evI nIvaDayuM che ane bIjI bAju 'rAjya vistAra'nI saraLatAthI nirvahana thavA pAmyuM che ke temAM koI hakIkata lakhavI, ke jeno artha banAva ja banyo nathI' ema kahIe to paNa cAle. rAjya vistAra sAmAnya rIte evo ja karI thI ane sarvathI-TI viziSTatA e che ke, teNe zakAya, ke tenA rAjyanI hada, je jeTalA samrATonuM mAMDalikapaNuM svIkAravuM paDayuM hatuM, tene potAnA pUrvaja pAsethI vArasAmAM maLI hatI, eTale ke tene mAthe jeTalA dhaNI thayA hatA teTalA temAM kAMIka vadhAro ke ghaTADo thayo hovA joIe ja; koI rAjavIne mAthe thayA nathI. jyAre te prathama ane jyAre A prakAre vadhaghaTa thAya tyAre svAbhAvika ja gAdIe beThA hatA tyAre teno svAmI magadhapati mahAnaMda che ke tene koIne koI prakAre, keAI rAjavI sAthe yuddhamAM hate, bIjIvAra jyAre te gAdipati banyo tyAre utaravuM ja paDayuM hoya; ane yuddha karavuM paDayuM eTale caMdragupta hatuM. tenI pachI biMdusAra samrATa thayo eTale zAntine bhaMga thayo ja kahevAya. A badhAM siddhAMta te tene svAmI thayo. paraMtu biMdusAra rAje, jyArathI kharA to che ja. paraMtu evuM kAMI sarvathA niraMtara satyaja 5. cANakayae-I. sa. pU. 350 AsapAsa-vAnaprastha nathI ke, yuddha vinA rAjyanI vadhaghaTa ne ja thaI zake. svIkAryuM ane te sthAne navo maMtrI pradhAnapade Avyo vastutaH sthiti ema banavA pAmI hatI ke, rAjA tyArathI, magadhasAmrAjyamAM je cArekora baLavo jevI vasatazrInA pitAnA maraNa samaye jeTalA mulaka sthiti thaI rahI hatI te samaye eTale Azare I. sa. pU. AMdhamatinI ANamAM hato teTalo mulaka te tene 347mAM AMdhrapati paNa svataMtra thaI gayo hato. te vArasAmAM maLyo hato ja. vacce rAjA zrIkRSNanA rAja ke pitAnA maraNaparyata che. sa. pU. 317 sudhInA 30 amalanA dasamAM varSanA aMte jeke caMdraguptanI sAthenA varSa sudhI svataMtra ja rahyo hate. biMdusAranA maraNa bAda yuddhamAM tenuM maraNa thayuM hatuM tethI madhyaprAMta ane tene putra azakavardhana magadhapati banyo hato ane bihAravALe AMdhasAmrAjyane keTaleka mulaka caMdraguptanA tenA samaye paNa I. sa. pU. 33thvI 317 sudhInA hAthamAM gayo kahI zakAya, paraMtu akeMdrita bhAvanAnI tera varSaparyata-joke A vasatazrI jIvate ja te chatAM paddhatine lIdhe, khaMDiyApaNune svIkAra thaMvAthI, kRSNanI samrATa azokanA rAjyanI chAyA tene sparzI zakI pAchaLa AvanAra tarIke mallikA vasaMtazrIne pAchA suprata nahatI. bake A vasatazrInI pAchaLa gAdIe Ava- thaI gayA hatA. eTale vAstavamAM sthiti e pravartatI nAra tenA putrane paNa azokanI chAyA gherI zakI kahI zakAya ke vasatazrI tenA pitAnA maraNa samaye mahAtI, je tenA vRttAMta uparathI jANI zakAze. jyanI bhUmivistArane dhaNI hato, lagabhaga teTalI ja matalaba ke samrATa azokanA samakAlina tarIkenAM cheTalAM pRthvIno atyAre karIne gAdIe beThe tyAra paNa hatA. (9) ema paNa banavA pAmyuM hoya ke, atipayogI paristhiti jotAM ema ja sAra nIkaLe che ke teno rAjyaamala banAve te banI rahyA hoya, paraMtu tenI dha ja maLI zAtithI ja pasAra thaI gayA hate. rakatI na hoya. A pramANe banavA thagya che, paraMtu sadhI . 21

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16 ] nAnAghATanA lekhane samaya [ ekAdazame khaMDa have to caMdraguptanuM rAjya zarU thaI gayuM hatuM ane tenuM dakSiNa tathA tenI lagolaga Avela keTaleka bhAga ja, mAMDalikapaNuM kabUlI levAyuM hatuM eTale-Status A sarasatazrInI ANamAM AvavA pAmyo haze eTaluM quo-nI sthiti ja caMdraguptanA rAjyanA aMta sudhI ja hAla te svIkArI laIzuM. kAraNake tenA sikkA pUrva (ma. sa. 169 I. sa. pU. 358) jaLavAvavA pAmI hindamAMthI maLI Ave che; jethI koInsa opha hatI. te pachI biMsAra Avyo tyAre paNa tenI te ja iMDiyAmAM tenA kartA janarala kaniMgahAme pR. 108 paristhiti TakI rahevA pAmI hatI kemake pUrvArdha samaye upara "All the coins of Andhras are 5. cANakatha, rAjanA sukAna pade cAlu ja hato. paraMtu found in Eastern India round about jevI teNe rAjakAjamAMthI ma. saM. 17-I. sa. pU. Amraoti, while all the bow and arrow 35mAM(pu. 2, pR.218-9) nivRtti lIdhI ane maraNa coins come from Western India= pAmyo che. navA pradhAnanA vahIvaTa daramyAna AkhAye AMdhrapationA sarve sikkAo pUrvahiMdanA amarAmagadha sAmrAjyamAM baLa phATI nIkaLavA jevI sthiti vatInI AsapAsanA pradezamAMthI ja maLI Ave che. thaI paDI hatI. temAMye uttara hiMdaupara biMdusAre jyAre tIra ane kAmadAvALA sarve sikkAo pitAnA yuvarAja dvArA tathA avaMtinA sUbApade pazcima hiMdamAMthI maLI Ave che". sthApita karela pitAnA putra azokavardhana dvArA. hajI A pramANe je zabdo uccAryA che tene bhAvArtha jevo tevo paNa kAbU meLavI rAkhyo hato. paraMtu dakSiNa ApaNe derelA anumAnanA pratikarUpa samajavA. hine potAnAM bhAya upara choDI dIdhuM hatuM-kaho ke choDI tAtparya e thayo ke rAjA malika vadasatazrInA devuM paDayuM hatuM. tene lIdhe A samaye rAjA vasatazrI rAjaamala daramiyAna AMdhrapatinuM sAmrAjya dakSiNa malikathI sAtakaraNinI zAtipriya rAjanItine lIdhe hiMdanA AkhAye bhAgamAM, nahIM te chevaTe TheTha dakSiNane pitAnI sarahadano aDoaDano eTale bejhavADAnA- bhAga cheDI daIne, baMne samudrataTa vaccenA pradezamAM bennATaka-amarAvatInA pradeza upara tene adhikAra jAmI paDayuM hatuM ane te paNa yuddha laDayA vinA (5. 2. sikkA naM. 60-68 tathA A pustake, ane manuSyasaMhAra karyA vinA banavA pAmyuM hatuM paricacheda lekha naM 19 jAo) vinA mahenate maLI ema samajavuM rahe che. gayo hata; athavA kaho ke, te pUrva kinArAnA samudrataTa vasatazrInI mAtA rANI nAganikAe nAnAvATane sudhInA prAMtanA nAnA nAnA saradAre te AMdhrapatinI (juo paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 1) zilAlekha ANumAM kyAranAye AvatA rahyA hatA ja paraMtu kRSNa kotarAvyo che temAM potAnI nadInI dakSiNathI mAMDIne kanyAkumArI sudhIna-eTale jene nAnAghAMTanA oLakha tathA be putronAM nAma vartamAnakALe colA, palava ane pAMDavA rAjyo kahevAya lekhano samaya sAthe dAna ApyAnI vigata che temanI ANavALA-vistAra paNa have vasatazrInA ke katarela che. temAM samayadarzaka AMka tenA putranA tAbAmAM AvI gayo; kAnA vakhatamAM tema sUcavela nathI paraMtu, ja, bAM. . . e. se. sane banyuM te nakkI kahI zakAya tema nathI bAkI bemAMthI 1928, pR. 3 navI AvRtti pR. 83 upara lekhake ekanA tAbe TheTha kanyAkumArI sudhIno mulaka tene, vadasatazrInA rAye 13mA varSe kAtarAvyAnuM AvI gayo hato teTaluM te cokkasa che ja. chatAM jaNAvyuM che. A anumAna upara AvavA mATe jyAre anizcitapaNAne aMza, vacce kiyuM karI rahyo che temaNe koI dAkhalA ke dalIlo ApyAnuM jaNAtuM tyAre te saghaLA pradeza have pachInA rAye nathI paNa banavAjoga che ke nAsikane zilAlekha eTale vasatazrInA putranA rAjya prasAmrAjyamAM vadasatazrIne che ane te paNa rANI nAganikAe ja bhaLavA pAmyA hatA ema ka9pI laI, mAtra kRSNa nadInI kotarAvela che, temAM pitAnA kAkA sasarA zrIkRSNa rAja

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pUrNAtsaMganAM nAma, bhirUda, umara, I. ama pariccheda ] gAdI jhUMTavI lIdhAnA ullekha karela che. matalaba ke nAsikalekhamAM zrIkRSNanA nirdeza karela che jyAre ghATanA lekhamAM kRSNanuM nAma ja nathI lIdhuM. eTale nAsika lekhanA samaya prathama thayA ke jyAre teNIe sagIra kumAranI vatI rAjalagAma hAthamAM lIdhI hatI. A sthiti lagabhaga eka varasa rahI hatI. pachI daza varSa zrIkRSNane vahIvaTa cAlyeA hateA te te khAda vaLI vadasatazrInuM rAjya gatimAna thayuM hatuM. eTale samajI zakAya che ke, nAsika ane nAnAdhATanA zilAlekha vacce, kramamAM krama 11-12 varSanuM aMtara gaNAvAya ja. have temAMya nAnAghATavALA lekha jo vasatazrIe khIjI vakhata rAjyAraMbha karyo te pachI tarata ja rANI nAganikAe kAtarAvyeA heAya, te| bAra varSanuM aMtara barAbara che, parantu echAmAM ochuM eka varSI gayA bAda karAvyA hAya tA, 13 varSanuM aMtara gaNavuM vAjamI kare che. AvI gaNutrIthI te 13 nI sAla vidrAnAe mUkI che ke kema tenI khAtrI karavI rahe che. hAla tarata teA ATalA khulAsA ganImata lekhA rahe che. (5) pUrsiMga urphe mADharIputra; zivalakuraza pATara sAhebe zrImalika pachI pUrNAtsaMganuM nAma ( pR. 26) jaNAvyuM che, parantu tenAM nAma, khirUda, enI vaccenA sagapaNu saMbaMdha umara, I. vize taddana cUpaSTI sevI che. sAmAnya niyama e gaNuAya che ke eka pachI anya AvanArane mATe bIjo kAI jAtanA saMbaMdha heAvAnuM varNana apAyuM na heAya, te temane pitA-mukha putra ja mAnI levA rahe che. te pramANe pUrNAtsaMgane paNu mallikazrInA putra tarIke ja ApaNe lekhIzuM. tema pUrNAtsaMganuM upanAma mADharIputra hatuM tevuM paNa kayAMya nIkaLatuM nathI. parantu mADharIputrane eka sikko (pu. 2 pR. 110 AMka naM. 59) maLI AvyA che temAM tenuM upanAma ' zivaLakurasa ' ApyuM che vaLI eka bIjo sikakrA (pu. 2, pR. 112, AMka na. 63) rAjAzrI kRSNe zAtakaraNanA maLI AvyA che. A baMnene lagatAM cinha tathA AnuzaMgika anya sAmagrInuM vivecana karIne janarala kaniMgahAme ane DaoN. rUpsane je [ 13 abhiprAya darzAvye che (jIe pu. 2 mAM uparanAM nAnA-sikkAvarNana ) temAMthI evA sAra nIkaLe che ke te vasaMtazrInI pachI anukramavAra eka pachI eka AMdhrapati banyA che. ane pratyeka aDhAra varSa sudhI rAjya karyuM che. A sarvane zodhI karIne tathA anya rAjavIenAM geAtra vagere maLI AvyAM che tene saMkalita karIne, vasatazrInA pachI gAdIe AvanArane pUrNAtsaMga mAharIputra zivalakurasa tarIke tathA te pachI AvanArane kaMdhasthaMbha ( purANakAranA mate, pR. 26 ) gAtamIputra vilivAyakurasa urphe kRSNabIjA tarIke TharAvavA paDayA che. temaja kRSNabIjAne pUrNAtsaMganA putra tarIke lekhavyA che. A badhAM upanAmanA artha vizenI samajutI agAu apAI gaI che eTale krIte tenI carcA karavAnI AvazyakatA rahetI nathI. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat have umaranA prazna vicArIe--pAMcamA ke chaThThAnI uMmara vize kayAMya spaSTIkaraNa karAyuM hAya ke zabdoccAra paNa thayA haiAya evuM vAMcavAmAM AvyuM nathI. mAtra je kahevAyuM che te eTaluM ja ke pratyekanuM rAjya 18~~18 varSa cAlyuM che. eTale temanI uMmara vize pAke pAye nirNaya karavAnuM ati muzkela che; chatAM kAMIka aMdAja tA jarUra kADhI zakAya teTalI sAmagrI ApaNI pAse paDelI che ja. vadasatazrInuM AyuSya 74-75 varSanuM ApaNuM joI gayA chIe temaja e paNu joI gayA chIe ke, tenA putranuM maraNu je khIlADInA kAtarela bAraNAne AgaLIyA paDavAthI thayuM hatuM tenI aMdAjI sAla ma. saM. 156 pachI ekAda varSamAM ja che, ke je samaye tenI pAtAnI umara 20 thI 21 nI hAvAnuM gaNI zakAya tema che. te gaNutrIe jo te putra jIvanta heAta tA, vadasatazrInA maraNu samaye tenI uMmara vadhAremAM vadhAre para-53 nI hAI zakata. parantu jyAre te putra teA maraNu ja pAmyA che tyAre anya putra je te khAda avataryA hAya ane te ja A pUrNAtsaMga hAya, te ce vadhAremAM vadhAre 49 thI 50nI uMmaranA gAdIe AvyA gaNuAya, te temaja khanavA pAmyuM che ema mAnI levAmAM jyAM sudhI tenI vizta www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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+ + pa = * * 164 ] mAharIpatra vize eka anya khulAse [ ekAdazama khaMDa anya koI purAvA nathI maLI AvatA, tyAM sudhI ke 18 vALA koI rAjA sAthe nisabatta gaNAya kAMI khoTuM paNa nathI thatuM. vaLI teNe 18 varSa rAjya paNa kaika anya ja te vyakita hovAnuM mAnavuM rahe. bhagavyuM che tathA tenA rAjya je sAmrAjyavardhaka A mAnyatAthI ja chaThThA paricchede ame zera karela banAva banavA pAmyA che te jotAM paNa, gAdIe che. paratuM vicAratAM ema lAge che ke, jayAre A AvyA tyAre tenI uMmara 50 nI AsapAsa aTa- amarAvatI ane jagyA peTavALA pradeza upara naM. 5, kaLavAnuM saMbhavita manAya che. A hisAbe tenuM AyuSya 6 ane 7vALA rAjAonI sattA paNa jAmavA pAmI paNa lagabhaga tenA pitAnI peThe 6 thI 70 varSanI hatI, to naM. 5 ne rAjA jenuM nAma mAharIputra uMmaranI hade pahoMcatuM dekhAya che. ATalI sAmagrI purANamAM seMdhAyuM che ane sikkAmAM jene moDharIputra taiyAra thaI che te te uparathI teno rAjyakALa I. sa. zivalakurasa lekhAyo che, teja vyakita A jagayApU. 317 thI 299=18 varSa sudhI cAlyuM hovAnuM peTavALI mAharIputra iyAku nAma zrI vIrapurUSadata kAM ane teno janma Azare i. sa. pU. 064 thI na hoya ? kAraNa ke tene sattA pradeza maLI rahe che, 369 mAM thayAnuM lekhavuM paDaze. mAharIputra nAma maLI rahe che. zrI vIrapurUSadatta ane purANa graMtha zodhIne mi. pAchaTare je vaMzAvaLI vilakurasa upanAma paNuM vIravalayadhAraka ane guNabanAvI che te AdhAre ApaNe atyArasudhI A rAjA vizeSa vizeSaNa maLI rahe che. je kAMI vicAraNuM mAgI mADharIputranA hisse 18 varSa je te zabda che te 'IvAnAmavALA zabda ja che. mAharIputra vize rAjya bhogavyAnuM kheMcyuM che. A nAma dekhItI rIte bhale kSatriya jAtisUcaka haze, eka anya khulAse paraMtu eka vizeSa hakIkta je paraMtu anubhave kahe che ke, te nAma te brAhmaNomAM mAluma paDI che te upara vAcaka paNa (pR. 57, tathA tenI TI. naM. 35) maLI Ave varganuM dhyAna kheMcavA vinA rahI zakAtuM nathI. che. vaLI A zatavahanavaMzInI utpatti bhale kSudrajAtinI uparamAM chaThThA paricchede jagayApeTa supa (kRSNa rANuthI utpanna thayela putrathI banavA pAmI che, chatAM challe)ne naM. 30 ne lekha che. temAM mArI putra ivAku pitA zuddha kSatriya che temaja teonAM lagna gautamanAma zrI vIrapurUSatti pitAnA rAjyakALe 20 mAM gautrI, ane vasiSThAtrI kanyAo sAthe thayela jaNAyAM varSe te kotarAvyAnuM lakhela che. te lekhanA varNanamAM che. eTale sahaja anumAna karI zakAya che ke, IttAka ApaNe e zera mAryo che ke, tene samaya ApaNI nAma paNa A rAjAo sAthe joDavAmAM kAMi bAdha Ave maryAdA bahArane hAvAthI paDate makIe chIe. tevuM gaNAya tema nathI. A sarva muddAnI gaNatrIe jyAre teja lekhanuM mULa varNana AkaolojIkala sarve A lekhane ketarAvanAra, te . 5 vALA mArI putra eka sAutha inDiyA (ImpIrIyala sIrIjha) . 1. TharI zake che; ane tema thAya che tene rAjyakALa je pR. 5 mAM apAyuM che, te vAMcI jotAM ema samajAya 18 varSane garNavyA che tenI hada vadhArIne ochAmAM che ke, amarAvatInA stUpamAM rAjA pulumAvI ane ochI 20-21 varSanI lekhanI rahe che. tema karavAthI ane yAtrAnA kAtarAvela zilAlekho che. eTale ema je pheraphAra samagra nAmAvaLImAM karavo paDaze te ne. sAbita thayuM ke te banne bhUpALanI sattA A prAMta 3 thI 7 sudhInA rAjAnA samayane aMgeja karo pradeza upara hatI kharI. AmAMne prabhumAvI te naM. 5Daze. kayAM ane keTale phera karo, te saMzodhake vicArI 18 vALA rAjA hAla ane yajJazrI te naM. 17vALa leze. ahIM te ApaNe eTaluM ja kahI zakIzuM ke, ariSTAkarNa gautamIputra sAmAnya rIte samajI zakAya jo uparane nirNaya kAyama kare te mArI putranAM tema che; ane teja pramANe heya te jagyayApeTanA vizeSaNarUpe beeka upanAme vadhAre maLyAM gaNAze. zilAlekhamAM nirdiSTa thayela mADharIputrane A naM. 17 jyAM sarva aNuzakhyuM ane aNaprIchayuM ja pAyuM Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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pUrNAtsaMganA anya vistAra azrama pariccheda ] rAjya vistAra hAya che, tyAM DAkiyuM mArIne khahAra kheMcI kADhavAnuM kArya, samayanA AMkaDAnuM avalaMbana jeTaluM suMdararIte ane saMzayarahita karI Ape che, teTaluM kArya eke vastu karI nathI ApatuM; te ApaNe pR. 149-50 upara jaNAvI gayA chIe. atra paNa pharIne te ja siddhAMtane anusarIne kAma levuM Avazyaka lAge che, te samayanI peThe atyAre pazu, pUrvanI be ja sattA sarve hiMdustAnamAM jAmI paDI hatI, trIjI je kaliMganI sattA hatI tenA lApa thai gayA hatA; jemAMthI thoDAka bhAga, vasatazrI mallika zAtakarrANunA vRttAMte jaNAvyA pramANe teNe potAnA AMdhrasAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhA hatA. eTale ahIM paNu e nRpatinA samayanI ane temanAM jIvana caritromAM banelA banAvAnI, sarakhAmaNI ja karavI rahe che. temAMnA (1) magadhasamrATa tarIke-azAkanuM i. sa. pU. 330 thI 289=41 varSa; (2) ane khIjA AMtrapati tarIke--pUrNAtsaMga peAtAnuM 317 thI 299=18 varSa rAjya cAlyuM che. azAkanuM jIvanacaritra lakhatI vakhate sAkhita karI gayA chIe ke jyAre te gAdIe AgnyA tyAre sArAye bharatakhaMDamAM biMdusAranI nabaLAIne lIdhe, te paM. cAlukayanA sthAne AvanAra pradhAnanI rAjanItine laIne, khaLavA jevI sthiti thaI rahI hatI. temAMthI uttarahindamAM zAnti phelAvavAnI prathama jarUriyAta, zAne gAdIe besatAM veMta lAgI hatI; kemake hindanuM hArda te ja vibhAga hatA. temAMye hindanI sarahadane daravAje AvIne paradezIoe tenAM dvAra khakhaDAvavA mAMDayAM hatAM; je alekjhAMDara dhI greTaTa eka vakhata I.sa. pU. 327mAM hindamAM AvIne peAtAnA deza pAchA pharatAM 323mAM maraNa pAmyA hatA, tenI pAchaLa gAdIe besanAra tarIkenA hakkanA kachyA gheADA ghaNA patAvIne, tenA saradAra sethyusa nIkreTAre yavana rAjyanI rAjalagAma hAtha dharI hatI; tene pazu hindanI rasALa bhUminA peAtAnA saradAranI peThe svAda cAkhavAne mAThu lAgyA hatA. eTale lagabhaga khArathI aDhAra vakhata hindu upara caDI AvyA hatA. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 165 paNa sarva vakhate aphaLa javAthI kaMTALIne chevaTe I. sa. pU. 304mAM tene azAkavardhana sAthe salAha karavI paDI hatI. A sarva vRttAMta ApaNe pru. 2 mAM pR. 275 che. upara jaNAvI gayA chIe. eTale ane te tenA niSkarSa rUpe eTaluM ja jaNAvavAnuM ke I. sa. pU, 304 sudhI azAkavardhananuM citta, te selyukasanA vAraMvAra thatA humalAne khALavAmAM ja parAvAi raheluM hatuM. jethI dakSiNa hindamAM zuM banI rahyuM hatuM te jANavAnI paNa jyAM tene paDI na hoya tyAM saMbhALapUrvaka jovAnI tA kayAMthI ja phurasada maLe tevuM dhArI levAya? A takaneA lAbha pUrNAtsaMge saMpUrNapaNe lIdhe ane kaliMgadezane je kAMI bhAga haju magadhamAM rahevA pAmyA hatA te sarva AMdhra sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhA. pariNAme sthiti evI thai rahI ke viMdhyAcaLa parvatanI uttaranA sarva pradeza upara eTale ke pUrvamAM mahA nadI ane pazcime narmadA nadI--te baMnenI uttaranA hindu upara, magadhanI ANu ane te nadIenI dakSiNunA sarva pradezaupara, TheTha kanyAkumArI sudhI AMdhrapatinI ANu, gAjI rahI. A kathananA satyanIpratiti tarIke ApaNI pAse pUrAvA paNa mAjIda che. pu. 2, pR. 272mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke samrADha azeke I. sa. pU. 313mAM (330-17) peAtAnA rAjye sattaramAM varSe, trIjI bauddhadharma pariSadamAM upasthita thavA, je bauddha bhikSuone sileAnamAMthI teDAvyA hatA, temanI rUbarUmAM pATalIputra nagare peAtAnA putra mahedra ane putrI saMghamitrAne bauddha dIkSA ApyA bAda, temanI sAthe pAchA sileAna javA, mahAnadInA mukha AgaLanA dariyA taTethI teNe temane vidAya ApI hatI; Ama karavAnuM kAraNa e hatuM ke te nadInA mukhanI dakSiNe Avela mulaka samrATa azokanI ANumAM naheAte ane jo para rAjyanI hadamAM pravezAya te| navuM jInuM thaI paDe, eTale ja svarAjanI chellAmAM chellI hade AvIne aTakavuM paDayuM hatuM ane tyAMthI ja vahANAmAM temane esArI sara saphaLa IcchI lIdhI hatI. ATalA vivecanathI have vAcAne khAtrI thaI gaI haze ke, A pUrNAsaMganA rAjyaamale sarve dakSiNa bharatakhaMDA pradeza samAI jatA hatA. A pramANenI sthiti meDhAmAM meGI - www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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AMdhrapatinu sainyabaLa 166 ] I. sa. pU. 312 sudhImAM eTale ke peAtAnA rAjyanA prathamanA pAMcamA varSa sudhImAM (I. sa. pU. 317thI 312 sudhImAM) upajAvI kADhI hatI. kadAca te pUrve paNa te pramANe banI rahyuM ha|ya paraMtu ema kahevAne ApaNI pAse kAI pUrAvA nathI. vaLI tenuM rAjya aDhAra varSa cAlyuM che, tethI AvaDA moTA sAmrAjyaupara te khAda teNe khIjAM tera varSa sudhI hakumata bhAgavIne deha cheDayA hatA ema jANavuM rahe che. A uparAMta eka anya pUrAvA paNa che te nIcenA pArigrAthI jANavA atyAranA vidvAne bhale mAne ke na mAne paNa, pu. 1 mAM ApaNe jaNAvyA pramANe rAjA khibisAre, jema sAmAjIkakSetre zreNIbaddha sudhArA dAkhala karIne zreNIka nAmanuM birUda peAtA mATe meLavyuM hatuM tema, lazkarI viSayamAM paNa sudhArA dAkhala karI tene zreNibaddha vyavasthA karI hatI. te hakIkata sAbita paNa thaI gaI che. A vyavasthAnA paripAkarUpe teja zreNikanA pautra udayanabhaTe, TheTha dakSiNahinda jItI lIdhA bAda AgaLa vadhI sileAna pazu kabaje karyAM hatA te tenA jIvana vRttAMte jaNAvyuM che. vaLI te ja udayananA mukhya senAdhipati tarIke nAmanA meLavela naMdavardhana urphe naMdapahelAe, kevI rIte samasta bhAratavarSa jItI lai eka chatrachAyA-under one umbrella-taLe rAjya calAvyuM hatuM, te paN pu. 1mAM tenA vRttAMte varNavI gayA chIe. A sarvane lazkarI yeAjanA, je pramANe saphaLa thatI joI e chIe te rItie, tenA mULa yAjaka rAjA zreNikanA buddhicAturyanuM--athavA tenA sahAyaka mukhya maMtrI tarIke kAma karI rahela tenA putra abhayakumAranI dUradarzI vicArazaktinuM, athavA tethI paNa AgaLa vadhIne kahevAya to banne jaNAe, pitAputre--rAjA ane mahAmaMtrIe--jemanI pAsethI AvI vyavasthA karavAne preraNA meLavI hatI te mahApurUSanI (jIe pu. 1, pR. 267-9) agAdhazaktinuM ja, kAMIka aMze aApaNane bhAna karAve che. A vyavasthAne punaH navA svarUpe, te samayanI jarUriyAta pramANe gAThavavAne, AMdhrapatinu sainyabaLa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa pelA mahAvicakSaNa rAjanItijJa paM. cANakaye samrATa caMdraguptanA rAjyakALe prayAsa sevelA hatA, tenA paNa kiMcita khyAla (pu. 2, pR. 213) ApaNe laI lIdhA che. te sarvenA tAratamya tarIke ApaNe eTaluM ja kahI zakIe chIe ke, prAcIna bhAratavarSamAM jaMgama lazkarI aMganA cAra vibhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. pAyadaLa, hayadaLa azvadaLa, gajadaLa-ustidaLa ane rathaLa. lazkarI najare tenA sthAvaraaMga tarIke meTA mATA nagarane temaja rAjadhAnIne, killA ane kATathI susajjita banAvI devAmAM AvatA, uparAMta vizeSa surakSita banAvavA te kATane pharatI cAre bAjI, vizALa khAi khAdI rAkhatA; ane jarUra pAye, A khAIne pANIthI athavA saLagatA aMgArAthI bharavAnI vyavasthA paNa karI rAkhatA. AvI khAInI laMbAI-paheALAI tathA UMDAInuM zuM pramANu heAi zake tene khyAla (pu. 1, pR. 303-4) ApaNe ApI gayA chIe. atre tA eTaluM ja jaNAvavuM Avazyaka che ke, je jamAnA ane je rAjya AvAM sAdhanasAmagrI vasAvI rAkhavAnI gAThavaNu karI rAkhatAM haze, temanAM sAdhanA kevAM vipula hAvAM joI e; temanI kAryazakti ane buddhikauzalya kevuM hAvuM joie tathA te samayanuM IjanerI vijJAna kai kakSAe pahoMceluM aAvuM joI e, tathA te te vibhAgI--vijJAnanI zAkhAmAM vartamAnakALe ApaNe AgaLa vadhyA chIe ke kema te vicArI lai te sarvanI sarakhAmaNI karavIke jethI ApaNupUrvanI prajAnA jJAnanA khyAla AvI zakaze. astu. uparamAM TAMkela sarva rAjavIonAM-TheTha zreNikathI mAMDI caMdragupta sudhInA khaseA varSa sudhInA samaye, lazkaranI- sainyanI racanAnI tapAsa karIzuM teA jaNAze ke temAM cAre aMgeAnAM tattva samAyalAM hatAM ane tyAMsudhI hiMdustAna kAi paradezI humalAnA bhAga thai paDayuM nahAtuM. tyArapachI biMdusAranA amalanA aMta bhAgamAM grIka khAdazAha alekjhAMDara dhI zreSThaTe hiMdu para prathama AkramaNa karyuM hatuM ane pazcima hiMdamAMnA thoDAka bhAga jItI laI tyAM peAtAnA saradAra|dvArA lagabhaga pAsadI sudhI (pu. 2, pR. 227-243) rAjavyavasthA karI hatI. pAchaLathI temane pagadaM| azavardhananA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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[ 167 aSTama paricacheda ]. AMdhrapatinuM sainyabaLa samaye samULago kADhI naMkhA hatuM. paraMtu jyAre mairya samrATa hatuM ane bIjo naMbara AMdhrapatine temanA saradAra selyukasa nakeTarane I. sa. pU. 34mAM hatA. A elacInA neMdhAyelA zabdo upara ApaNe azokavardhana sAthe suleha karI samAdhAna karavuM paDayuM tyAre je anya upayogI TIkA karavAnI che te svataMtra rIte ane tenI rUIe, te saradAranI putrI azokavardhana tere nIcenA pArigrAphe ApIzuM. atyAre te rAjyavistArane paraNAvI paDI hatI. vaLI A yavana rANIne pATali- aMge sanyabaLanI paristhiti tapAsatA hovAthI, te putramAM adhAmuM na lAge te sArU pitRpakSa taraphathI eka praznane vaLagI rahIne ja ApaNA vicAra darzAvIzuM. grIka elacInI nimaNUka paNa karavAmAM AvI hatI pu. 2 mAM sAbita karavAmAM AvyuM che ke, azeka (pu. 2, azokanuM vRttAMta juo). A elacInuM nAma ane priyadarzina ane bhinna bhinna vyaktio che. megesthinIjha hatuM. A goThavaNane pariNAme hiMdI eTaluM ja nahIM paNa azokanI pachI tarata ja priyadarzina lazkaramAM temaja vasulAtI khAtAmAM kAMIka pazcimanI- magadhanI gAdIe beThe che tathA azoka dAdo thAya che grIkanI paddhatinuM mizraNa thavA mAMDayuM hatuM. ane ane priyadarzina tene pAtra thAya che. samrATa azekane samajAya che ke, lazkarI vibhAge catuSThava janAmAMthI samaya i. sa. pU. 330-289=41 varSane che ane rathavALo aMtima vibhAga kadAca baMdha karavAmAM Avyo priyadarzinane samaya I. sa. pU. 289 thI 235=54 hato. nizcitapaNe je ke uccArI zakIe tema te varSano che. A priyadazine kaliMga dezamAM AvelA nathI, paraMtu A mi. megesthinIjhe pitAnI DAyarImAM dhaulI-jAgauDAnA khaDakalekhamAM kotarAvyuM che ke, pitAnA hiMdIsainya vize TIkA karI je zabdo lakhI kADhayA rAye navamA varSe (I. sa. pU. 280)mAM teNe A che temAM ratha vize kAMI IzAro karela na hovAthI A pradeza kaliMgapati zAtakaraNi pAsethI jItI lIdho hato pramANenuM anumAna karI javAya che. temanA zabdo ane tene be vAra laDAImAM harAvyA hatA. paraMtu te A pramANe che:-"The Andhra territory baja arasparasa nikaTanAM sagAM thatAM hovAthI te sthAna included 30 walled towns, besides upara temane punaHsthApita karyA hatA. zatavahanavaMzI-have numerous villages and the army con- 5chInA eTale-chaThThAnA vRttAMte ApaNe joI zakIzuM ke. sisted of 100,000 infantry, 2000 be vArenI laDAImAM prathama vakhate tene chaThThA zAtakaraNi cavalry and 1000 elephants.........and sAthe ane bIjI vakhate sAtamAM zAtakaraNi sAthe was reputed to possess a military force, laDavuM paDayuM hatuM. vaLI priyadarzine dakSiNa hiMdamAM hAlanA second only to that at the command svaisura rAjya Avela hasana jIllAmAM cittaladurga of the king of the Prasii Chandragupta tAluke traNa lekho-(brahmagiri, siddhAgiri I.) ubhA Maurya=AMdhranI sattA pradezamAM asaMkhya gAmo karyA che. temAM potAnA rAjyakALanA tetrIsamA varSane uparAMta, gaDhAMkita 30 nagaro paNa hatAM. tenA (32 ne aDadho=825 eTale i. sa. pU. 250no) lazkaramAM 100,000 padAtio, 2000 ghoDesvAro ullekha karyo che. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke ane 1000 hastio joDAyelA hatA.....ane I. sa. pU. 280 thI ra56 sudhI te dakSiNa hiMdamAM ema kahevAtuM hatuM ke, pUrva pradezanA rAjA caMdragupta priyadarzinanI ANa vartI rahI hatI. paraMtu te samaye maunI AjJAmAM je sainya hatuM tenAthI bIje naMbare akendrita bhAvanA pramANe rAjyavyavasthA thaI rahI A (AMdhrapatinuM) gaNatuM hatuM." matalaba kahevAnI hatI tethI, te te pradezanA rAjavIne pitAnA khaDiyA e che ke, te vakhate lazkarI baLamAM prathama naMbara (bhUtya) tarIke punaHsthApita karI, cAlyuM jatI rAjya (7) a. hiM. I. trIjI AvRtti. 5. 206; Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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megasthanIjhanA zabdothI uddabhavatA vicAre [ ekAdami khaMDa avasthAmAM koI jAtanI Dakhala nAkhavAmAM AvatI itihAsavida mi. vinsenTa smithe je lakhyA che te nahotI. eTale zilAlekhanA purAvAthI sAbita thaI sadAbarAja pR. 167mAM ApaNe utArI batAvyA che gayuM . cho tathA sAtama AMdhrapati samrATa priya. tenA upara ApaNe je TIkA karavAnI hatI te atre IzananA amuka samaya mATe khaMDiyA hatA ja. vaLI jaNAvavAnuM tyAM AgaLa sUcana karyuM che, eTale te temanA sikkAo kRSNA nadInA mukhaprAMtamAMthI tathA prakaraNa have hAtha dharIzuM. samudrataTa-kArAmAMDala kAsTavALA pradezamAMthI maLI Ave temAMnA bIjA zabdo sAthe ApaNe saMbaMdha nathI. mAtra che. te uparathI samajAya che ke te sarva pradeza upara AdimAM The Andhra dynasty (pravaMza) ane temanI sattA paNa hatI ja. bIjI rIte samajavuM rahe che aMtamAM the Prasi Chandragupta Maurya che, jyAre AvA parAjIta rAjAo bhale rAjyavyavasthA (pUrva pradezanA rAjA caMdragupta maurya ) evA je lAkho calAvye jAya che, paraMtu "bhatyAM=khaMDiyA" hovAthI jaNAvela che te vize ja kahevAnuM che. prathama "AMdharvaza" temane amuka prakAranuM-bhale nAmane haze, paNa hoya te paratve kahIzuM. jyAre megasthanIe A zabda vAparyo kharuM jabaMdhana hoya ja; jethI karIne teo svataMtra che ane tenuM varNana karyuM che, tyAre eTaluM te sAbita thaI rIte vatI na zake. eTale ke chaThTho AMdhrapati I. sa. cUkayuM ja gaNAya che, tenA samaye (i. sa. pU. 304mAM) 5 280mAM samrATa priyadarzinano khaDiyo banyo, te te vaMzanuM lazkarIbaLa teTalI kakSAe pahoMcyuM hatuM ja. pUrve ja te pradezano svAmI thai cUkayo hovo joIe. bIjI hakIkata ema 5Na samajavI rahe che ke, jyAre vaLI pAMcamA aprapati mAharIputranA sikkAthI (pu. te samaye evo moTo ane prabaLa darajajo dharAvate 2, pR. 110 AMka 59) temaja chaThThA AMdhrapatinA AMbavaMzane gaNAvyo che tyAre te sthitie pahoMcatAM siTakAthI (pu. 2, pR. 112 AMka ne, 63) samajAya pahoMcatAM paNuM tene keTalAye samaya vyatIta thaI gayuM che ke, bane bhale pratApI puruSo thayA cheparaMtu joIe. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, AMdhruvaMzanI AvI pAMcamo vizeSa prabaLa ane parAkramI hatA. eTale jAherajalAlIne samaya jyAre I. sa. pU. 704mAM teNe ema ja anumAna karavuM rahe che ke, A pradeza upara nevyo che tyAre te vaMzanI Adi te keTalAye varSo prathama sattA, pAMcamA AMdhrapatinA samaye ja thavA pahelAM thaI gaI gaNavI joIe. bIjI bAja, itihAsa pAmI hovI joIe. vaLI pAMcamAnA samaye ja saMge bApekAra jAhera kare che ke, pravezanA AdipuruSa rAjA sAnakALa hatA te ApaNe pR. 165mAM puravAra karI zrImukha hatA. eTale siddha thaI gayuM ke zrImukhane samaya gayA chIe eTale svIkAravuM rahe che ke pAMcamAe I. sa. pU. 304 pUrve dhaNAM ghaNAM varSo upara thaI gayA che. sa. pU. 312 sudhImAM te pradeza jItI lIdho che. paraMtu hAlanA itihAsakAro hAthIgaMkAnA rAjA hatA. te bAda chaThThAnI sattA te pradeza upara svataMtra khAravelanA zilAlekhamAMnI amuka paMktino bhAvArtha rIta thoDo vakhata jAmI rahI hatI paraMtu. i. sa. pU. besArIne evuM mAnatA thayA che ke zuMgavaMzI puSyamitra 280nI sAlamAM priyadarzinane khaMDiyo banatAM, tenI (jenI haiyAtI I. sa. pU. 188 temaNe noMdhI che) ane sattAmAM teTale daraje kApa pa hato. rAjA zrImukha tathA khAravela-badhA samasamayI hAI - pATaliputra darabAre yavanapati selyukasa nIkaTAre temane samaya paNa I. sa. pU. 108ne ja gaNA. A potAnI putrInI sAthe je mege- mAnyatA upara kAMI paNa TIkA karavAnI AvazyakatA megethenIjhanA sthanIjha nAmane elacI meka rahetI nathI. vAcaka pote ja vicArI zake tema che. rAthI udabhavatA hatA, ne jeNe AMdhrapatinA have bIjA zabda "pUrva pradezanA rAjA caMdragupta '' vicAro lazkarIbaLano citAra ApatuM maurya " je lakhAya che te paratve ApaNe vicAra varNana karyuM che tene lagatA zabdo jaNAvIe. prathama darajaje ApaNe svIkAra karI laIe alI hisTarI opha InDiyAnA lekhaka pelA prakhyAta che. A zabdo mi. smithanA uccArela che. temaNe te Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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aSTama pariccheda ] zabdo megesthenIjhanI DAyarImAMnA asala tarIke lIdhA che ke svamati anusAra bhAvArtha-anuvAda tarIke lakhyA che te ApaNe jANatA nathI. paraMtu eka javAbadAra vyakti tarIke temaja kALavALA pUrNa abhyAsI ane prutihAsanA parizilana vRttivALA purUSa tarIke vinsenTa smithanI je khyAti jAmelI che te jotAM sahaja dhArI zakAya che ke, bhalene zabdo asala tarIke na hAya ane anuvAdarUpe ja hAya, chatAM tadana vicAra ane AdhArapUrvaka te lakhAyalA heAvA ja joie. eTale te uparathI je ghaTanA ghaTAvAya, tene aitihAsika satya tarIke svIkArI levAmAM jarAye kSeAla pAmavAnuM rahetuM nathI. A zabdo kema jANe megesthenIjhanA mahe* mAMthI ja nIkaLyA hAya ema dekhAya che; vaLI vicAra darzAvavAnA sAmAnya niyama teA e che ke, jo peAtAnA samaye eTale ke peAtAnA rAjAnA amala daramyAna anela banAvanuM varNana karavuM paDatuM heAya te, " ApaNA rAjAnA vakhate" ke tevuM ja bhAvArthasUcaka krAi vizeSaNu joDIne te khelavuM joi e; tene badale ahIM megesthenIjha pAte varNana kare che chatAM, ApaNA rAjAnA samaye " zabda na lakhatAM, kAI trIjA purUSanA samayanuM ja kema jANe varNana lakhatA na hoya tema " pUrvapradezanA rAjA maurya caMdragupta'nuM nAma spaSTapaNe khatAvyuM che. jene artha te e thA rahe che ke, megesthenIjha ane caMdragupta ane samaya niranirALe che eTaluM ja nahI, paNa caMdragupta te megesthenIjhanA purAgAmI ja gaNavA rahe. A pramANe khuda megesthenIjhanuM maMtavya thayuM kahevAya. jyAre vidvAnAnI vartamAnakALe mAnyatA evI che ke, je magadhapati paMjAbanI eka saritAtaTe alekajhAMDara dhI greITane maLyA hatA tenuM nAma saMDre kreTasa hatuM, tene ja selyukasa nirkaTAre peAtAnI putrI paraNAvI hatI ane tenA ja darabAre megesthenIjha elacI tarIke rahyo hatA ane seMDrekATasa nAmanI vyaktinuM hiMdInAma caMdragupta hatuM. matalaba ke caMdragupta ane megesthenIjhane vidyAnA samakAlina gaNAve che jyAre megesthenIjha khudapeAte caMdraguptane peAtAnA purAgAmI kahe che. te sAcuM krANu ? ke pachI seDrekeTasanA artha caMdragupta tA .. 22 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 19 karavAmAM vidyAnee bhUla khAdhI che. amArA mata pramANe seMDrekATasa eTale caMdragupta nahIM paNa caMDAzeAka-senTezAka, senDezeAkasa eTale azAka jene kahevAmAM Ave che te azAkavardhana pAte samajavA ane tenA ja samaye upara varNavelA sarva banAvA banavA pAmyA hatA (jIe pu. 2 mAM azAkanuM jIvana caritra). caturthaparicchede rAjanagaranA sthAna vize carcA karIne ApaNe evA anumAna dArI khatAnyeA che ke, te mATe traNa sthAne ja dAvA karI zake tema che. peMTha, varaMguLa-amarAvatI ane vijayanagara. temAMnuM vijayanagara tA, jyArathI te vaMzanI e zAkhA paDI gaI tyArathI eka zAkhAnuM rAjanagara thavA pAmyuM hoya ema spaSTapaNe dekhAya che. jyAre paiMDa teA asalathIja gAdinuM sthAna haze ane varaMcaLa tathA amarAvatI (ane sthaLA rAjanagaranAM gaNAya ke te banne pAse pAse hAvAthI, temAMnuM eka ja pATanagara hatuM ane khIjuM te, nAmanI pUrI mAhitI na heAvAthI mAtra kalpitarIte ubhuM karI vALyuM che; game te sthiti hAya. ApaNe salAmata rastA grahaNa karI bannene sAthe joDI dIdhAM che) te samaya jatAM jyAre vizeSa vistAravaMta pradeza upara svAmitva maLyuM tyAre rAja calAvavAnI anukULatA sAcavavA mATe pheraphAra karI pasaMda karavAmAM AvyuM haze evuM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. uparAMta A rAjAenA zilAlekhA tathA sikkAe je adyatana prApta thayA che temAMnA AdirAjAonA kreTalAka dakSiNlRhiMdanA pUrva taraphanA vibhAgamAMthI maLI AvyA. che tyAre keTalAka pazcima taraphamAMthI paNa maLI AvyA che. tevI ja rIte madhyama ane aMta vibhAgI rAjAonI bAbatamAM paNu banavA pAmyuM lAge che. eTale evuM kAMika anumAna AravuM paDe che ke, vAraMvAra rAjanagaranuM sthAna-peMTha ane varaMguLa ke amarAvatI-pheravavA jarUra paDI hAvI jAie. pachI te rAjakIya kAraNane lIdhe hAya ke havAmAnane lIdhe hAya ke tethI paNa nirALA kAraNane lIdhe heAya te judI vastu che. ApaNe te bAbatamAM UMDA UtarIne kAMI nizcayapUrvaka uccAraNa karI zakavAnI pAchu' rAjapATa vize pArke rAjapATa vize www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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170 ] t smRtimAM nathI. eTale hAla tA A pramANe sArarUpe jaNAvIne, kayuM sthAna kayA rAjAnA samaye, rAjapATa tarIke mAnya rahyAnuM vizeSa saMbhavita che te jo zeAdhI zakAya to tema karavA kaeNAziSa karIzuM. AdipurUSa zrImukhe paiMDamAM gAdI karI hatI te sarvamAnya ane suvidita che eTale tenI carcA karavI nirarthaka che. paraMtu tyAMthI varaMguLaamarAvatImAM gAdI prathama kayAre laI javAmAM AvI te vivAdabharyu dekhAya che. atyAre vidvAneAnA meTA bhAganI mAnyatA ema baMdhAI che ke, rANI maLazrIe je nAsikanA lekha kAtarAjye che ane temAM (caturtha paricchede lekha naM. 7) gautamIputre destroyed the Sakas and restored the glory of " zabdo (lekha naM. 33-35) vAparyA che tenA artha ema besAryAM che ke, nahapANanA samaye tenA jamAI rUSabhadatta tathA pradhAna ayame zatavahanavaMzI upara jIta meLavI (jIe lekha naM. 35) tyAM dAna dIdhuM che te eTalA mATe ke (1) chata karyAMnuM smaraNu-smAraka paNa rahe; (2) tema ja te jagyA prathama zatajDanavaMzIenA kabajAmAM hatI tene-ahaH rAjagAdI khesavIne-cheDI dardIne dezanA koI ajJAtasthaLe bhItaramAM laI javI paDI hatI te prasaMga, parAjItapakSane eka mATA kalaMkarUpa gaNuAtA rahI sAkSI ApyA kare; (3) tathA A lAgela laMka parAjIta pakSamAMnA eka rAjavI gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe gAdIpati banyA bAda svaparAkramathI, pelA vijetA pakSavALA nahapANakSaharATanuM ane rUSabhadattazakanA svadharmIonu ( nAsika lekha naM. 7mAM jaNAvyA pramANe harAvIne) jaDamULathI nikaMdana kADhI nAMkhyuM hatuM jethI te kalaMka nirmULa thayela gaNAya. (4) vaLI rAjagAdI je ajJAtasthaLe lai javAmAM AvI hatI tene pAchI asalanA sthAne, tyAMthI thayela bhAMgatADajaNAvI samarAvI karIne tema ja te nagarane tadana navuM svarUpa ApIne te laI AvyA hatA ema batAvI zakAya. A pramANe badhA prasaMga gAThavI kADhayA che; chatAM kabUla rAkhIe ke A pramANe ja kharI sthiti hatI, teA zatavahanavaMzIne lAgela kalaMkanA athavA veMDhathI gAdI khaseDIne amarAvatI lai javAno samaya i. sa. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat pAchuM rAjapATa vize [ ekAdAma khaMDa pU. 114nA, ane nirmULa karAyAnA eTale amarAvatImAMthI pAchIpamAM rAjagAdI AvyAnA samaya che. sa. pU. 53ma, gaNAze paraMtu ApaNe nIcenA pArAmAM sAbita karIzuM ke te mAnyatA bhUlabharelI che. jyAre e vacce kAipaNa prakAranI laDAi jAge che tyAre te kevaLa paisA (jara ) ke sattA ( jamIna ) meLavavA mATe laDAya che evI atyAre je mAnyatA duniyAbharamAM phelAi rahI che, tevuM prAcInakALe nahotuM ja. te ApaNe pu. 1, pR. 7 mAM " jara, jamIna ane jorU te traNe kayAnA hArUM"vALo je ukti vaparAvA lAgI che, te traNe vastunA samaya paratve, teja pRSThe TIkA naM. 11 mAM vizeSa spaSTikaraNa karI batAvyuM che. je uparathI samajAze ke prAcIna samaye laDAI e pradhAnapaNe jorU nimitte ja thatI hatI. jamIna sattAbhUkhanuM kAraNa te pAchaLathI temAM umerAyuM che. tene samaya vahelAmAM vahelA AMdhrA tAye i. sa. pU. nI prathama sadIthI I. sa. nI khIjI sadI mUkI zakAya, ane A samaya paNa uttara hiMdu vize ja samajA rahe che ke jyAM paradezIo sAthenA saMparkane lIdhe tevI bhAvanA kAMIka utAvaLe pravezavA pAmI hatI. jyAre dakSiNa hiMda tA AvI athaDAmA ane paradezIonA humalAthI keTalAya vadhAre lAMbA vakhatasudhI tadna alipta rahevA pAmyA hatA; jethI tyAM tevI bhAvanAne udaya tethI paNa meADA thavA pAme te dekhItuM che. ApaNe atyAre dakSiNa hiMndane ja prazna vicArI rahyA chIe, eTale kabUla karavuM rahe che ke nahapANe ke tenA pradhAne dakSiNuM hinda upara je samaye (i. sa. pU. nI bIjI sadImAM) jIta meLavI hatI te samaye kAMi jamInanI bhUkha nahatIja. parantu zilAlekhavALA chaThThA paricchedanA upasaMhAramAM gayA pramANe, dhArmika kAraNanA pariNAmarUpa te hatI. vaLI ApaNA A kathanane bIjI aneka rIte Tekre paNa maLI rahe che; jemake (1) I. sa. pU. 114nI pahelAM keTalAya vakhatapUrve thayela jJAtavahana vaMzIonI sattA pUrva hiMdamAM jAmI paDI hatI, te ApaNe tenA zilAlekha ane sikkAethI (pu. 2 mAM tRtIrtha pariccheda ane A pustake pAMcamA tathA chaThTho pari www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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= = e liMka aSTama pariccheda ] pAchuM sajapaTa vize 1.11 cachedathI) jANI zakyA chIe. eTale lagabhaga ekasAIthI tIrthadhAmarUpe mAne, te samajI zakAya tevuM che. A kahI zakAze ke, temaNe rAjya calAvavA sugama thaI prakAre upara nirdiSTa thayela traNe, temaja anya purAvAthI paDe te mATe paiThaNamAMthI kayAranI gAdI pheravIne te sAbita karI zakAya che ke trirazmi zRMgavALA pradezanI pradezamAM lAvI mUkI hatI. ane je temaja hatuM te pachI laDAIo pAchaLa, rAjakIya nahIM paNa spaSTapaNe dhArmika I. sa. pU. 114 mAM nahapAze jIta meLavavAthI ja Azaya ja rahele hato. eTale rAjakIya kAraNe -eTale rAjadArI kAraNane lIdheja-temane rAjapATanuM laDAI laDAyo hovAnI mAnyatA pheravatI rahe che. sthaLa pheravavuM paDayuM hatuM te prazna ApoApa uDI have pAchA ApaNe mULa viSaya upara AvI jaIe. jAya che. (2) vaLI nahapANa-RSabhadatta ane ame, jyAre paiThamAMthI amarAvatI pradezamAM gAdI pheravyAnuM nAsika, kaherI, kAla ane jura I. I. vALA i. sa. pU. 114mAM nahIM, paNa te pUrvenA samaye thayuM je pradezamAM zilAlekho kotarAvyA che te sarva pradeza hovAnuM dekhAya che tyAre, tema kyAre banavA pAmyuM tevuM godAvarI jIllAne che. A samaye tene govardhanarAmaya joIe te prazna paNa aitihAsika daSTithI ja ukela tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM ke jyAM trirazmi mAge che. A nakkI karavA mATe. kayA kayA zAtaparvatanA giriraMgo AvelAM che. A parvata upara karaNinA vakhatamAM te pradeza, pAsenA rAjavIonI aneka RSi munio ane tapasvIo guphAomAM vasI, khAsa karIne kaligapatienI-kemake, amarAvatIvALe svAdhyAya karI, Atma kalyANa sAdhatA hatA ane bhAga je kRSNa jIllA tarIke oLakhAvAya che te temane te kArya karatAM chatAM udaranirvAhanI jarAye sAmAnya rIte kaliMganI aNamAM ja rahetA AvyA aDacaNa ke muzIbata na paDe te mATe, rAjAo tathA che-evI paristhiti ubhI thavA pAmI hatI ke jyAre, janasamAja aneka prakAre dAna ApI te be pitA teo potAnA rAjyano vistAra vadhAravAne zaktiupara vahorI letA hatA. A vizenI khAtrI zilA- vAna thayA hoya ! te mudo vicAravo paDaze. prasaMge lekhamAM AlekhAyelI hakIkata niHzaMkapaNe ane spaSTa pAta ApaNe te kahI paNa gayA chIe, chatAM samagra paNe ApaNane karI Ape che (3) trirazmi parvatanuM rIte eka ja sthAne tenI tapAsa karavI ThIka paDe mATe bIjuM nAma rakSavata (rathAvarta) urphe rakSa hevAnuM pharIne yAda ApIe. te nIce pramANe - samajAya che ke jyAM te samayanA aneka jaina sAdhuo (1) magadhapati naMda navamAnA samaye I. sa. pU. anazana karI svarga gayAnuM jaina sAhitya graMthomAM 415nI AsapAsa; te vakhata zrImukha thAtakaraNinA jaNAvAyuM che. vaLI ApaNe sikkAothI tathA anya rAjyanA aMta ane gautamIputra yajJazrInA rAjyanI purAvAyI eTaluM te jANI cUkyA chIe ke nahapANa Adine samaya gaNAze. vigere (pa mAM tenuM vRttAMta) temaja zanavahanavaMzI- (2) kaliMgapati khAravelanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. omAMnA keTalAya rAjAo (pu. 2 temanA sikkA tathA 39ramAM nIpajayuM tyArathI mAMDIne I. sa. pU. 36mAM A pustake temanAM jIvanavRttAMta juo) jainadharmAnu- tenA edivaMzane aMta Avyo tyAMsudhInA 30-32 yAyIo hatA. eTale teo sarve pitAnA dharmanA varSane gALe; A vakhate magadhapati tarIke caMdragupta anakAna karatA RSi-muni-sAdhuonI sarva prakAranI samrATa ane thoDA samaya mATe tenA putra biMdusAranA sagavaDatA sAcave, temaja te sthAne ati pavitra rAjyane prathama bhAga levAnuM gaNAze ane AMdhrapati (9) 5.13 TIkA naM. 37 thI jaNAze ke vajasarithA- samrATe jaina dIkSA laI dakSiNa hiMdamAM potAnA guru sAthe vita u5ra svarge gayA che. tevI ja rIte temanA parivAramAM vihAra karyo hato tyArathI dakSiNa hiMdano A bhAga eka vasenacari paNa gayA che. are kaho ke, mArya caMdragupta tIrthasthAna tarIke ati khyAtimAM AvI gayA hatA, ,

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172 ] tarIke, gaiAtamIputra yajJazrInA pA MlA bhAga, zrIkRSNane AkhA samaya ane vadasatazrInA rAjye prathamanAM 10-12 varSa jeTalo bhAga rAkAela gaNAze. (3) I. sa. pU. 347 AsapAsa ne te khAda; te samaye biMdusAranA rAjaamalane pAchalA bhAga tathA azAkanA rAjaamala gaNAze. pAchu rAjapATa vize [ ekAdazama khaDa sAbita thAya che ke, vadasatnInA rAjaamale ja A amarAvatIvALA bhAga-prathamamAM prathama AMdhra sAmrAjyamAM Avyo hatA. te pradezamAMthI tenA maLI AvatA sikkAthI te vAtane puSTi paNa maLe che. chatAM prazna e ubhA thAya che ke, teNe mulaka jItI lIdhA-tAe karyo eTale gAdI paNa pheravI nAMkhI ema te na ja kahI zakAya; kemake tevA pheraphAranI agatya jaNAtAM, temaja tene amala karatAM karatAM paNa keTalAMya varSa vItI jAya ja; eTale ApaNe vadasatnIne badale, tenA putra mADharIputranA samaye rAjagAdI pheravyAnuM nizcitapaNe mAnIe te taddana sahIsalAmata mArga lIdheA gaNAze. AkhIe carcAnA sAra e thaye keH-- upara pramANe traNa samaye, rAjakrAMti thaI hatI ema samajAya che. temAMnI prathama veLAe gaiAtamIputra yajJazrI bhale peAtAne vilivAyakurasa lekhave che, paraMtu tenA kAI zilAlekha ke sikkA evI bAbatanI khAtrI nathI ApatA ke kRSNA nadIvALA prAMta tenA tAkhAmAM AvyA haiAya. bIjA samaye caMdragupta samrATane prabaLa pratApI amala cAlu hatA. teNe teA ulaTuM kaliMgapati- khAravelanA vaMzane paNa harAvI dIdhA hatA eTaluM ja nahIM paNu. tenA vaMzanA aMta AvatAM, hai dakSiNe kanyAkumArI sudhIne mulaka magadhasAmrAjyamAM bheLavI dIdhA hatA. eTale vacce AvatA kRSNA nadIvALe bhAga tA tenI ANumAM ja rahI javA pAmyA hatA te sahaja samajI zakAya tevuM che. ane te khAda biMdusAranA rAjyaamalanI zarUAtamAM paM. cANuyanI DhAravaNI aAvAthI sAmrAjyanI sthiti majabUtapaNe TakI rahI hatI. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa AMdhrapatine ulaTA magadhanA "bhratyA" tarIke rahevuM paDayuM hatuM, eTale rAjyavistAra vadhAravAnI temanI sthiti thavA pAmI hAya tevA te vicAra ja kyAM karavA rahe che? A pramANe prathamanA ane samaya khAda jatAM, mAtra trIjAnI javicAraNA karavI rahe che. te vakhate paM. cANuyanuM maraNa thaI gayuM hatuM ane magadha sAmrAjye jyAM ne tyAM bhaLavA jevI sthiti thai javA pAmI hatI. eTale samajI zakAya tema che ke, vadasatazrI mallikazrI zAtakaraNuie kRSNAnadInA mukhavALA bhAga peAtAnI sattAmAM laI lIdhA haiAya. A viSenI ThIka-karela sarva mulakanA rAjavIesane temanA mULa sthAne ThIka carcA ApaNe pR. 64-65 upara paNa karI punaHsthApita karI dIdhA hatA. eTale tevA saMjogAmAM cUkyA chIe ke je sthitine lIdhe samrATa azoka-AMdhrapatie bhale tyA kahevAtA hatA paraMtu temane vanane, sileAna jatA bahu sAdhuonA maMDaLane rAjagAdI pheravavI paDI naheAtI ja. priyadarzina pachI mahAnadInA mukha pAsethI vidyAya devI paDI hatI. eTale mAryavaMzanI paDatI thavA mAMDI hatI ane te bAda I. sa. pU. 31thI mAMDIne Asare khase| varSe sudhI eTale TheTha I. sa. pU. 114nA arasAmAM jyAre atipati nahupAze AMdhrapatine raMjADavA mAMDayA tyAMsudhImAM, kAi e paNa temanA sAmuM joyuM hAya tevuM itihAsanA pRSThe nAMdhAyuM jaNAtuM nathI; kemake te kALa magati azeAkapachI samrATa priyadarzine gAdI ja avaMtimAM ANI hatI eTale kre, magadhane badale have avaMti sAmrAjyanI hAkrala vAgavA mAMDI hatI; A priyadarzine jo ke dakSiNa hiMdanA nAkA sudhInA pradeza peAtAnI sattAmAM ANyA hatA, paraMtu te akendrita rAjyanI bhAvanAvALA heAvAthI teNe tAme Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (1) zrImukhe i. sa. pU. 427 mAM paiDamAM gAdI karIne vaMzanI sthApanA karI hatI. (2) ane mADharIputra zAtakaraNIe i. sa. pU. 317 AsapAsa (athavA tethI paNa vahelI jo hAya te vasIe I. sa. pU. 347 bAda ja) amarAvatImAM gAdI pheravI nAMkhI hatI. amarAvatImAMthI pAchI peMThamAM kyAre lAvavAnI jarUra paDI hatI te muddo have vicArIzuM. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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aSTama pariccheda ] zuMgavaMzanI sattA atipati tarIke dRDha thai hatI. temanA itihAsa jANI cUkayA chIe ke temanI sattA uttarahiMdamAM ja prasarI rahI hatI. te khAda nahupINu kSaharATanA rAjaamala 40 varSa sudhI ati upara TakavA pAmyA hatA. tenA samaye AMdhrapatinI sAthe TaMTA khakheDA thavA pAmyA hatA ane nAsika jIllAnI keTalIka jamIna temane gumAvavI paDI hatI teTaluM kharUM (jIe tenA vRttAMte--tathA zilAlekha naM. 33-35). parantu rAjanagara amarAvatIvALuM sthAna tA taddana nirbhaya ja rahevA pAmyuM hatuM. eTale tyAMsudhI rAjagAdI tene te ja sthAna upara hatI ema nirvivAditapaNe sAkhIta thaI gayuM gaNAze. pAchu rAjapATa vize nahapANu pachI avata upara gardabhIla va'zanI sattA AvI che. temanI sAthe zatavanavaMzIone gADha mitrAcArI hAvAthI, temanI sattA upara khIlakula kApa paDavA jevuM ane te asaMbhavita che, ulaTuM prasaMgeApAta jJAtavahanavazIe gardabhIlAne rAjakAraNamAM jarUra paDatAM, paDakhe ubhA rahyAnAM dRSTAMtA nAMdhAyAM jaDI Ave che. tema vaLI banne jainadharma pALatA hatA eTale pazu kAIne eka khIjA upara AkramaNu lai javAnuM kAraNa maLavA zakya nathI. A sthiti emane ema naM. 23 vALA zIvasvAtinA AraMbhakALa sudhI TakI rahevA pAmI dekhAya che. tene janma daMtakathA pramANe daivI saMAgamAM thayela hAvAthI tenA samaye jabaradasta dharmakrAMti thaI hAvAnuM lekhavuM rahe che (jIe AgaLanA paricchede naM. 7 nuM jIvanavRttAMta) ane tethI rAjyadharma tarIke vaidikadharma svIkArAyeA che. jethI svabhAvika che ke, je mitrAcArI gabhIlapati sAthe zAtavanAne cAlI AvatI hatI temAM bhaMgANa paDavA lAgyuM hatuM. eTale saMbhavita che ke, A zIvasvAtie gAdI amarAvatImAMthI khaseDIne, gabhIlanI sarahada upara humalA laI javAne sagavaDa paDe te hetuthI, bannenI hadanI bane teTalI najIkanI jagyAe, paNu pAtAnI hakumatamAM gaNAya tema, pAchI peMThamAM ANI haze-paraMtu te samaye mahAprabhAvazALI ane parAkramI gardabhIlo gAdI upara hAvAthI, A zatavahanavaMzInI bahu kArigIrI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 173 cAlI lAgatI nathI; chatAM jyAre naM. 23 pachI naM. 24 gAdIe AvyA ane tenuM maraNa paNa I. sa. 99mAM nIpajatAM naM. 25 vALA catrapaNuM vAsiSThaputra zAMtakaraNI AMdhrapati tarIke AvyA, tyAre teNe jora pakaDayuM lAge che; kemake A samaye ati ane saiArASTra upara je gaI bhIlo hakumata calAvatA hatA te nabaLA mAlUma paDayA che (jIe pu. 4 temanAM vRttAMta). eTale I. sa. 105nA arasAmAM paiThapati catrapaNe, pAsenA gujarAta tathA tenI joDAjoDanA sArASTravALA pradeza gabhIlA pAsethI jItI laI, AMdhra sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhe| samajAya che. (juo lekha naM. 18). gujarAta ane saurASTra A avasthAmAM lagabhaga I. sa. 142 sudhI rahevA pAmyAM che. teTalAmAM (jIe naM. 25nA sikko naM. 76) te daramiyAna naM. 25nI jagyAe tenA putra naM. 26nuM rAjya zarU thaI gayuM hatuM ane samajAya che ke te,, Ame kAMika meDaTI uMmare ja gAdIe AvyA hatA ane gardabhIle nabaLA hAvAthI kAi tene chaMcheDe tevuM rahyuM nahAtuM; jethI tenuM rAjya kAMika lAMkhuM ane nirbhaya rIte cAlavA pAmyuM hatuM. vaLI lagabhaga 60-65 varSanI uparanA jaI paNa thaI gayA hateA. teTalAmAM gardabhIlA pAsethI avaMti paDAvI lai, avatipati tarIke mahAkSatrapa caSTheNu sattAdhIza banyA hatA. teNe rAjApada dhAraNa karIne gujarAtanA ane saiArASTranA je bhAga pUrve atinA tAme hatA te AMdhrapati pAsethI jyAMsudhI cheDAvI lIdhA tyAMsudhI paNa AMdhrapatiene paiMDamAMthI gAdI pheravavAnuM kAraNu maLyuM nahatuM ja. paraMtu caoSNunI jagyAe mahAkSatrapa rUdradAmana AbyA ane naM. 25nuM sthAna naM. 26 vALAe lIdhuM ke tarata ja, rUdrudAmane saiArASTranI uttare Avela kaccha paNu jItI laI, pote yuvAna, mahattvAkAMkSI tathA parAkramI hAvAthI dakSiNunI jIta meLavavA peAtAnuM sarva lakSa ApavA mAMDayuM, ane temAM khUba phALyA paNa lAge che. laDAImAM I. sa. 155 AsapAsamAM hArI javAthI pUMThe khAlI karIne pAchA dakSiNamAM TheTha tuMgabhadrA nadInA kAMThe, vaijayaMtI urphe vijayanagaramAM naM. 27 AMdhrapatine peAtAnI rAjagAdI www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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pAchuM sAjapATa vize [ ekAdazama khaMDa ApavI paDI hatI. te paNa te AMdhrapatinI lAvavI paDI. eTale amarAvatIe lagabhaga cAra sadI paDatI ja thavA mAMDI che. bake je avazeSa bhUpati sudhI rAjanagara tarIkenuM sthAna zobhAvyuM gaNAya. rahA hatA temAM paNa be phAMTA paDI gayA che, je banavAjoga che ke, te samaye 5Nu, saMyoganI anukULatAe pUrva ane pazcimanI chAkha tarIke ItihAsamAM prasiddhine avAranavAra paiTha javuM AvavuM thatuM haze, paraMtu gAMdhIsthAna pAmyA che. ApaNe te vAta sAthe nisbata nathI. je te amarAvatI ja hatuM.. levAnuM che. te eTaluM ja ke, paiDamAMthI gAdI Asare vaTe paiThamAMthI rAjapATa I. sa. 155 I sa. 15a waa thoDA ja samayamAM uThAvI levI AsapAsa haMmezane mATe khasI javA pAmyuM che. eTale paDI che. AkhAe vivecanane sAruM A pramANe sA2 A kamANe bIjI vakhata paThanagara lagabhaga pANIsadI ja jAhera karI zakAze jalAlI bhogavI che. paraMtu banne vakhata maLIne paiTha (1) paiDamAM rAjagAdI, I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM nagare 11+70=180 athavA bahu te baso varSa rAja zrImukhe karI. sudhI rAjanagaranuM bahu mAnavaMtu pada dhAraNa karI rAkhyuM (2) te bAda rAjavistAra vadhavAthI I. sa. pU. hatuM. jyAre amarAvatIe te tethI bamaNuM eTale 1nI Asakhasa, 4. 5 vALA rAjAnA samaye cAraso varSanI mudata sudhI te mAne bhegavyuM che. paraMtu amarAvatImAM gAdI laI javAI eTale ke paiThe 110 varSa zAtavahananI Adi tathA aMta, banne vakhate paiThamAM ja sudhI rAjapATanuM mAna bhogavyuM. gAdInuM sthAna hovAthI, itihAsamAM sAmAnya rIte (3) te bAda te. 23nA samaye I. sa. 70 AMdhapatione, paiTha-paiThaNavAsI athavA tenuM purANuMnAma AsapAsa, pAchI rAjagAdI paiThamAM, nahIM ke rAjavistAra pratiSThAnapura hevAthI, te nAmathI ja oLakhAvavAmAM ghaTavAne lIdhe paraMtu rAjakIya sagavaDatA sAcavavA mATe AvyA kare che.

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navama pariccheda zatavahana vaza ( cAlu ) ( TUMkasAra--(6) gautamiputra skaMdhastaMbha urphe kRSNukhIne tenA samaya ane uMmaranI karelI carcA--priyadarzine ubhA karela maskinA zilA lekhanA kAraNanI tathA sAthe sAthe tenA samayanI ApelI samajUtitathA tenA nAma sAthe tenA kalpI zakAtA saMbaMdha--priyadarzina sAthe ubhI thayelI athaDAmaNanA kAraNanI Apela vigata, tathA nIpajela pariNAmanuM karAvela digdarzana-- (7) vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi urphe zatavahana sAtamA tenAM nAma, uMmara tathA parivAra vize karelA vivAda--peAtAnA pUrvanA paLAyA AvatA dharmamAM teNe karela palaTo ane ubhAM thayela saMyeAgAnuM kareluM vivecana, te uparathI teNe kAravela pAtAnuM zeSajIvana-te samaye thayela dharmakrAMtinuM vigatavAra Apela varNana ane temAMthI pariNamela rAjakIya banAvAnuM lIdhela avaleAkana-zAtakaraNa vezamAM vaparAyala keTalAMka vizeSa upanAmeAnI Apela samajUti--tenA rAjya vistAranuM Apela varNana ane priyadarzine peAtAnA zilAlekhAmAM vAparela (Bordering lands) eraDarIMga phrenDajhavALA zabdanA atyAra sudhI cAlI AvatA artha, kevA bhramajanaka che tene Apela khulAse-tenA rAjyanI eka sarvopari viziSTatAnuM ApeluM. rahasya-tenI ane paMDita pataMjalinI baMdhAyelI mitrAcArIe parasparamAM bhajavela bhAga ane keTalIka tulanAnuM varNana

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176 ] gautamIputranAM samaya, nAma, tathA umara [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) vAsiSThaputra che te darzAvyuM heta paNa tema karAyuM nathI; uparAMta naM. 3 vALAnA samaye priyadarzinane utabhava (6) gatamIputra skaMdharastaMbha uphe kRSNabIjo . paNa thayo nahatuM. A be saMyogane lIdhe naM. 3vALA sarve purANomAM tene samaya 18 varSane ApyA che. kaNano A sikko na hovAnuM nakkI karavuM paDayuM. eTale ApaNe temAM pheraphAra karavA kAraNa rahetuM nathI. pachI priyadarzinanA samakAlinapaNuye keNuM * te hisAbe tene samaya I. sa. thayuM hoya te zedhI kADhavA tarapha dhyAna derAyuM. te samaye tenAM samaya, nAma, pU. 299 thI 281 18 varSanI ke. ane naM 7 vALA be bhUpati ja thayA che. temAM tathA uMmara gaNa rahe che. jo ke keTalAka naM. 7 vALAnuM nAma paNuM spaSTa rIte vAsiSThaputra kAraNavazAta te AMkane eka zAtakaraNi ja sarva ThekANe lakhAyAnuM jaNAyuM che eTale varSa vahela meDa karI 300 thI 282 athavA to tene paNa bAkAta karavo paDayo. pachI naM. 6 ekalAnI 298 thI 280 sudhIne TharAvavA ane tema karavAthI ja vicAraNA karavI rahI ane te upanAma tenuM ja hovAnuM pUrve thaI gayelAnA samayamAM paNa yathAyogya sudhAro lagabhaga dareka rIte suyogya lAgyuM che; kemake priyadarzine vadhAre karI levA, prathama jarUriyAta lAgI hatI. paraMtu kotarAvela dhaulI-jAgauDAnA lekhathI paNa tene samaaneka vicAraNAnA aMte (satara varSa upara thoDI Ina maLe che jenI hakIkata AgaLa ApavAmAM mahInA lekhI aDhAra varSe rAjya cAlyAnuM gaNI) AvI che ). sikkAmAM hAthI 5Na che, tenA maraNanA 299 thI 282-1 no samaya ja pAke paNe mAnavAnuM samayano meLa paNa khAte jaNAya che, tema maskina TharAvavuM paDayuM che. je hakIkata AgaLa upara AvavAnI zilAlekhanuM sthaLa tathA alahAbAdanA staMbha lekhamAM che eTale ahIM mAtra tene ullekha karIne ja kotarAyelI hakIkata paNa, te kalpanAne majabUtI ApatI AgaLa vadhIzuM. dekhAya che. AvAM anekavidha kAraNone lIdhe naM. 6 tenI umara vize kyAMya sUcana thayAnuM je ke vALAnuM nAmaja kaSNa hovAnuM nizcitapaNe TharAvavuM vAMcavAmAM AvyuM nathI paraMtu sarva paristhitine pAyuM che. vaLI te ja nAmane eka rAjA AgaLa thaI vicAra karatAM te paNa gAdIe Avyo hoya tyAre gayo hovAthI AnuM nAma kRSNabIjo rAkhavuM joIe 40-45 nI uMmarane hevAnuM samajAya che. eTale te dekhItuM ja che. uparAMta eka pachI eka gAdie tenuM AyuSya 60 varSanI lagabhaganuM gaNavuM rahe che. AvatA rAjAe, sAmAnya rIte pitA-putranA saMga tenuM ughA, nAma aMdhastaMbha hatuM ja, kemake sarva paNe ja joDAyelA hoya che, ane pitA je gAtranI purANe te vize saMmata dekhAya che. jyAre gautamIputra kanyA paraNe te ja gotranI kanyA, putra banatAM sudhI ane kRSNavALAM nAma, ame saMjogAdhina joDI kADhatyAM paraNI zakatuM nathI; kemake tema karavA jatAM, putrane che te A pramANe che. pu. 2mAM tRtIya paricchede tenI mAtRpakSanI sagAInI gUMcamAM AvI javuM paDe sikkA naM. 62 nuM varNana ApyuM che. te uparathI che. A be prakAranA niyamane dhyAnamAM rAkhIne ema samajAya che ke, temAM samrATa priyadarzinanuM sAMketika TharAvavuM paDayuM che ke, naM. 5 vALo jyAre mAharIputra cihna je hAthInuM hatuM te savaLI bAju katarAyuM che. che ane naM. 7 vALa vAsiSTaputra zAtakaraNi che, tyAre eTale rAja kRSNa te priyadazinane bhatya kare che A naM. 6vALAne A vaMzanA aneka anya bhUpationI teTaluM cokkasa thayuM. pachI eTaluM ja vicAravuM rahyuM peThe gautamIputra zAtakaraNi tarIke lekhavAmAM kAMI ke te kRSNa koNa? . 3 vALAnuM nAma paNa te ja ayukta nahIM jaNAya. temaja naM. 3 vALA tene nAmerI che, te A kuSNa vaLI kANa? jo naM. 3 vALA ja * vAsiSThaputra lekhAya che tyAre A dvitIya nAmadhArIne kRSNa kahevAne tAtparya heta te tenuM vizeSaNa je pUrvanAthI alaga pADavAne gautamIputranuM upanAma Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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navama pariccheda ] joDavuM vadhAre anukULa lekhAya tema che, ke jethI oLakhamAM paNa sagavaDatA sacavAya che. kevA saMjogAmAM tenAM nAma jaDI AvyAM che tene khUlAsA have samajAi gayA haze. maskinA zilAlekhanuM kAraNa tenuM nAma kRSNa kema paDayuM haiAya te vize vicAra karatAM eka khIjo aitihAsika prasaMga paNa yAda Ave che. sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti ke je samrATa priyadarzinanA bhAI zAlizukra kAtarAvyAnuM ApaNe have sAbita karI ApyuM che, temAMnI hakIkata tathA khuda priyadarzina kAtarAvela cAlI jAgauDAnA zilAlekhanI hakIkataA prakAre khame zilAlekhamAM varNavAyalI hakIkata mAMthI ekaja dhvani nIkaLatA jaNAya che ke, priyadarzite " without treachery, after throughly conquering Satakarni, he let him go. alive owing to close relationshippaNa prakAranA dagA phaTakA ramyA vinA, priyadarzine zAtakaraNita saMpUrNa rIte jItI lIdhA hatA, chatAM dhRNA ja nikaTanA sagapaNane lIdhe tene jIvatA javA dIdhA hatA." eTale evI matalaba thaI ke peAte je prakAre laDAI laDayA che tene mATe priyadarzine " without treachery=geATakA karyA vinA " zabda vAparyo che, paraMtu sAmA pakSe eTale zAtakaraNie dagATA karyAM hAvA joie ema tenA kahevAnA tAtparya thAya che. vaLI A hakIkata sAcI heAvAnuM tenA ja zabdothI pUravAra thAya che. teNe ceAkhkhuM jaNAvyuM che ke rAjA zAtakaraNie laDAImAM ramela ramatathI pote eTale badhA krodhAnvita thayA hatA ke, jo sagapaNuM ADuM na AvyuM hAta tA jarUra tene dehAMtane pamADayA hAta. ane potAnA kuTuMbIjane je sthaLe maraNa pAmyA samrATa priyadarzinanuM vRttAMta lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che ke nAnA yA moTA khaDakalekhA kAIne kAInA samAdhisthAnA sUcavavA pUratA che. temAMye peAtAnA dharmanA mahApurUSa evA tIrthaMkara je sthaLe nirvANapadane pAmyA che, tyAM moTA khaDakalekhA (1) vadhAre uMDA abhyAsathI have te mAlUma paDayuM che ke, (pu, 2, sikkA na. 64) teNe pAte ja gautamIputra tarIke peAtAne ALakhAvyA che jethI ApaNuM anumAna have satya hakIkata tarIke sAbita thai jAya che. (2) A sthiti paNa eja khAtrI karI Ape che ke, sudghana taLAva ane dhaulInagauDAnA lekhanI hakIkata sAthe priyadarzinane ja sabaMdha che, nahike jema sudROnanI prazasti 23 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 177 jo krodha pAmavAnuM kAraNa na maLyuM hAta teA, jema anya ThekANe "reinstated=puna: te sthAne sthApita karyAM" zabda vAparyo che tema atra paNa teja zabdo vAparIne saMteASa pAmata; eTale ke dehAMtadaMDa ApavAnI jyAre pAte IcchA vyakta karI che tyAre teNe vAparelA A zabdothI, zAtakaraNae karela dagAnI gaMbhIratAnuM mApa paNa kADhI zakAya che (A prasaMga zuM hAI zake te ApaNe have pachI jaNAvavAnA chIe ); ane ApaNe jANIe chIe ke keTalIka vakhate vyaktionA upanAme tenAmAM rahela guNane AzrayIne joDAi kADhela heAya che. kRSNa eTale kALuM-raMgamAM kALuM tema bhAvathI ane apekSAthI paNa kALuM; eTale meluM, kapaTabhareluM, kALuM jenuM vartana che tevA purUSa, te jANavA. jo ke A tA tenA saMbaMdhamAM anela banAva uparathI ApaNe kalpanA upajAvI kADhI che paraMtu eka rIte te sAcI TharatI nathI kemake, tenuM 'kRSNe zAtakaraNi' evuM nAma ke upanAma vaparAyuM che te te teNe pAte ja vAparyuM che, tenA karatAM anya kAie vAparyuM heta tA, tene ApaNe jarUra cathAnuLA: tathAnAmAni gaNI leta; eTale bahu bahu te ApaNe cacAnAmAni tathALA tarIke A prasaMgane je kevaLa lekhAvI zakIe. maskinA zilAlekhanuM kAraNa sAthe mahAkSatrapa rUdradAmananA saMbadha heAvAnuM manAI gayuM che tema. rUdradAmananA sabaMdha eTalA pUratA kharI ke, teNe te ja sthAne samrATa priyadarzinI sarakhAmaNImAM peAtAne mUktAM peAtAnA taraphathI prazaMsA karatAM vAco uccAravAM paDacAM che A hakIkata pu. 2 mAM suMdana taLAvanA pariziSTamAM tathA pu. 4 mAM rUdradAmananAM jIvanavRttAMte ghaNI ja spaSTa rIte sAkhita karI batAvI che). www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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1% ] makinA zilAlekhanuM kAraNa [ekAdazama khaMDa heya tevA sthAna upara, nAnA khaDakhale teNe ubhA ekIkaraNa karatAM spaSTa thaI jAya che ke, priyadarzina karAvyA che, je sthAne tenA dharmanA chellA tIrthaMkara ane sAtakaraNi vacce maskisthaLe (ke AsapAsa) yuddha zrI mahAvIrane pitAnI jIvaMta avasthAmAM aneka ramAyuM haze, jemAM priyadarzinanuM aMgata mANasa maraNa salI-naparibhASAmAM upasargo kahevAya che te- pAmyuM haze. vaLI te maraNa nIpajAvavAmAM zAtakaraNi bhogavavI paDI che, te sthAna upara staMbhalekha ubhA bhayaMkara rIte koIne keI jAtanI prapaMca jALa pAtharI karAvI tenI Toca upara zrI mahAvIrane oLakhAvatuM hevI joIe. ATaluM nakkI karyA bAda te aMgata saguM je ciha-laMchana-siMha che te goThavyuM che. A pramANe keNa hoI zake te prazna vicAro rahe che. ApaNe sAbita karI batAvyuM che. A kathanathI eTaluM . ramAM azokavardhana ane priyadarzinanAM vRttAMta pratipAdita thayuM ke, masikasthaLane lekha nAnA khaDakAkAre lakhatAM vidhavidha kalpanA karIne, te te samrATanA koI hAI, te sthAna upara priyadarzinanuM kaI aMgata samuM putra ke bhAI hovAnuM nAma sUcavyuM che. pastu atra maraNa pAmyuM haze. A sthAnanI jagyA vartamAnakALe varNavAyelI hakIkata uparathI samajAya che ke, temAM nijhAmIrA. rAyapura jIllAmAM AvelI che; jema te azokavananA koI sagAM karatAM priyadarzinanuM samuM ja samaye zAtakaraNinA rAjya vistAramAM tene samAveza saMDovAyeluM hovuM joIe. te te saguM karyuM haze? alahAbAda thato hato, tema te samaye zAtakaraNine tAbe kaliMgadeza kauzaMbInA staMbhalekhamAM kaMvara tivala ane cArUvAkInAM paNa hato, tethI temane kaliMgapati paNa kahevAmAM nAma Ave che. priyadarzinanA kuTuMba parivAranuM varNana AvatA. matalaba ke maskinuM sthaLa ane kaliMgadeza- karatAM pu. 2, pR. 296 ane tenI TIkAomAM ApaNe bane zAtakaraNinI sattAmAM hatA. kaliMgadezamAM Avela isAre paNa karyo che ke, AvAM nAma jotAM te. teo dhaulI-jAgauDAnA zilAlekhamAM, priyadarzine be vakhata dakSiNanA svAmI AMdhrapatinI bahena ane tene putra zAtakaraNine harAvyAno je ullekha karela che, temane hevAnuM saMbhavita che. vaLI vidvAnanuM maMtavya thayuM che eka prasaMga upara jaNAvela maskinA sthaLe banyuM ke (mitha azoka, pR. 198, TI. naM. 33) A kumAra hevAnuM, ane bIje kaliMganI bhUmi upara banyo tivalanuM maraNa nIpajayuM hovuM joIe, kemake te gAdI hovAnuM mAnavuM rahe che. kaliMganI bhUmi upara zA mATe upara Avyo nathI. A badhA saMga evA anumAna yuddha thayuM hatuM te AgaLa upara varNavavAnuM che eTale upara laI jAya che ke, marikanA sthaLasAthe priyaahIM te maskine aMge ja banela hakIkata jaNAvIzuM. darzinanI rANI cArUvAjI ke kumAra tivalane jarUra sabaMdha Ane vicAra karatAM gata pArigrAphe tenuM nAma kRSNa hovo joIe. A anumAnane vaLI bIjI rIte puSTI kema pADavAmAM AvyuM haze te bAbatane IzAro karI gayA maLe che. priyadazine-urphe saMprati-pitAnI kRtiochIe te prasaMga smaraNamAM tarI Ave che. te prasaMgane mAMnI keTalIkamAM tenA kartA tarIke potAnuM nAma ApyuM samrATa rAjaprapaMca tarIke lekhAvyo che tathA pote che, jyAre keTalAkamAM pitAnuM nAma jaNAvyuM ja nathI; kodhamAM tene mArI nAMkhyo hota, paraMtu aMgata saMbaMdhane ane teno khulAso karatAM ame ema jaNAvyuM che ke, lIdhe jIvate mUkI dIdhAnuM paNa jaNAvyuM che. bIjI samrATaazoka jyAM sudhI jIvato hato tyAM sudhI bAjI masikanA sthaLe koI aMgata saMbaMdhIjananuM maraNa (I. sa. pU. 271=ma. saM. 256 pitAnA rAjyakALe nIpajayuM hovAnuM jaNAvI gayA chIe. A badhAnuM 19 varSa bAda) teNe je karAvAyuM che temAM potAnA (3) jyAM yugapurANanA AdhAre (juo pu. 4mAM 9.20, upasthI temano anya vistAra nakkI karIne pUravAra karyuM che ke, TI, naM. 22) kaliMgapatine 'zAta' tarIke oLakhAvyo che. vaLI kaliMgadeza tamane tAbe hatA, tethI zAta rAjAone liMgaA naM. 4, 5, 6, 7 I. rAjAonA maLI Avela sikkA pati paNa kahevAmAM AvatA hatA,

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navama pariccheda ] marikanA lekhane samaya [ 179 dAdA azoka pratyenI mAnamaryAdA sAcavIne, kartA tarIke prasaMge ItihAsamAMthI jaDI Ave che. pitAnuM nAma jaNAvyuM ja nathI, paNa dAdAnA maraNa bAda A skaMdhastaMbhane rAjyaamala 299thI 282-1 ja teNe pitAnuM nAma kartA tarIke dAkhala karyuM che, ane sudhIne gaNAvyo che. ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke tenA pUrAvAmAM kahI zakAze ke saMpratie potAnA uttarahiMdamAM te samaye samrATa dAdAnI haiyAtimAM eTale pitAnA rAjyakALa cha varSa maskinA lekhane azokanuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM. bAda, sAtathI AThamA varSe (juo khaDaslekha naM. 1.). samaya azokane rAjyanI tathA gRhakalekaroDonI saMkhyAmAM mUtio bharAyelI hovA chatAM, eke zanI aneka jaMjALAne lIdhe, upara tenuM nAma dekhAtuM nathI. mAtra mANasa evo uttarahiMdamAM ja gUMcavAI rahevuM paDayuM hatuM, jethI dakSiNachaThThIvibhaktine prayoga karIne thoDI jagyA khAlI mUkI hiMdamAM zuM banI rahyuM hatuM te AMkha UMcI karIne dIdhI che ne tene khulAso karatAM ame (pu. 2, pR.42) nihALavA jeTalI paNa tene paDI nahatI. eTale tene gAvyuM che ke, sattA, vairAga, vatra ke uttarAdhikArI rAyane I. sa. pU. 289mAM aMta Avyo ne samrATa athavA tenA ja bhAvArthavALo zabda te ThekANe adhyAhAra priyadarzina gAdIe Avyo tyAM sudhI te skadhastaMbhane rakhAyo hovo joIe. te anumAnane have anne keAI AMgaLI cIMdhI zakayuM nahotuM. tema pripradazane varNavAyelA prasaMgathI majabUtI maLI jAya che; kemake pitAnA rAjya amalanA prathamanA 290thI284 sudhInA maskina yuddhano samaya, samrATa azokanA cha varSa, uttarahiMda ane hiMdanI bahAranA mulakapara jIta jIvanakALe ja banI gayo che, ne temAM aMgata sagAnuM meLavavAmAM pasAra karyA hatA, te pu. ramAM jaNAvI maraNa nIpajayuM hevAthI, niyama pramANe priyadarzine gayA chIe. eTale 284nA aMta sudhI paNa skaMdhapitAnuM nAma jaNAvavA upekSAvRtti ja sevI che. staMbhanuM svataMtrapaNuM ekadhAruM jaLavAI rahyuM hatuM. have AkhIge carcAne nicoDa e kahevAze ke, rANu cArUvAkI priyadarzine dakSiNahiMda jItavA tarapha lakSa deDAvyuM ane ke kumAra tivalanA maraNanA sthAne samrATa priyadarzine te kArya paNa aDhI varSamAM teNe saMpUrNa karyA hovAnuM maskinA lekha ubhe karAvyo che. tenA zilAlekha uparathI jaNAya che. eTale spaSTa thaI A nirNayamAMthI be peTA savAla uThe cheH (1) jAya che ke, 284thI mAMDIne 282-1mAM skaMdhastaMbhanuM sagAnuM maraNa paheluM thayuM ane pachI zAtakaraNi sAthe maraNa nIkaLyuM che, tyAMsudhInA gALAmAM ja tene priyapriyadarzinane yuddha daravuM paDayuM che ke, yuddha zarU thayA dazananI sAthe yuddha karavAnuM ane pariNAme tenA bAda laDAImAM maraNa thayuM che. (2) zAtakaraNi pitAnAM bhatya banavAnuM thayuM hoya; tema tenA skaMdhastaMbhanA sikkA sagAM (rANunuM maraNa thayuM che te bahenanuM, ane paNa samarthana kare che ke, te samrATa priyadarzinane khaMDiyo kamAranuM maraNa thayuM hoya te bhANejanuM)nuM maraNu nIpa- thayo hato. have vicArIe ke A prasaMga, kema ane jAvavA kAvataruM kare kharuM? bemAMthI eke praznane lIdhe, kayAre. ume thavA pAmyA hatA ? ApaNe karela mULa nirNayane japhA pahoMcatI nathI; priyadarzinanA kaliMganA zilAlekhathI jANI cUkayA chatAM uThela praznone uttara vALavAmAM kAMIja vAMdhe chIe ke teNe be vakhata zAtakaraNine jItyo hato ne dekhAto nathI ke, yuddha zarU thayA bAda sagAMnuM maraNa sagapaNane lIdhe jIvato javA dIdho hato. A lekhamAM thayuM hovuM joIe. temaja bahena ke bhANejanuM maraNuM AlekhelI hakIkata tenA rAjya navamAM varSe eTale nipaje evuM kAvatru racavAne rAjakIya khaTapaTamAM I. sa. pU.281mAM banavA pAmI che. prazna e vicAro mANasanuM aMtaHkaraNa bahu DaMkhatuM hetuM nathI. evA ghaNA rahe che ke, A yuddhamAM je zAtakaraNine harAvyuM che - (4) AgaLa upara naM. 7nA vRttAMte te sAbita karAyuM che te juo, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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180 ] uparanA prasagA manavAnAM kAraNa [ ekAdazama khaDa tene ja bIjI vakhatanuM yuddha gaNavAnuM che ke te sivAya jethI uzkerAIne krodhamAM priyadarzita karIthI caDAI e yuddha thaI gayAM hatAM, ne te trIjuM gaNavAnuM che ? karI, temAM paNa skaMdhastaMbhane harAvyA. A vakhata vaLI uparanA pArAmAM jaNAvyuM che ke, zAtakaraNitA kAvatrAnI zikSA karavA mATe tene mArI ja skaMdhastaMbhanuM maraNu ja 282-1 mAM nIpajayuM hatuM tenAMkhata paraMtu, najIkanI sagAine lIdhe jIvatA mUkI tenuM maraNa thayuM te yuddhane lIdhe ke kudaratI kAraNe? A dIdhA; I. sa. pU. 282nI AdimAM, karmasaMyoge te pramANe bhinna bhinna muddA vicAravA paDaze. yuddhanA khAda thIDA vakhatamAM I. sa. pU. 282nA aMte kudaratI pariNAmamAM te jIvato javA dIdhAnI hakIkata spaSTa rIte tenuM maraNu nIpajyuM; eTale tenI gAdie I. darzAvelI che eTale tenuM maraNa kudaratI saMyeAgeAmAM ja sa. pU. 282nA aMte naM. 7 vALA gAdI upara AvyeA. thayuM gaNavuM paDaze. mAtra banne prasaMganI (tenA mara- teNe paNa priyadarzinane caDAi karavAnuM kAraNa ApyuM (zuM NunI ane kaliganA yuddhanI ) sAla 281 nI maLI kAraNu te AgaLa joizuM eTale phIne laDAI thaI). gaI che te to kAkatAliya nyAye banavA pAmyuM lAge A vakhate kaliMganI bhUmi upara yuddha khelAyuM, jene che. A pramANe eka vAtanA praznane krUDacA thai gayA. natIjo naM. 7 nI hAramAM AvyA. teNe khaMDiyApaNuM have e yuddha thayAM ke traNa te muddo vicArIe. game svIkAryuM ane samrAT priyadarzine yuddhanA saMhAranuM dRzya teTalAM yuddha thayAM mAnA, te ye te sarvenA samaya tA khamI na zakavAthI, vinA kAraNe manuSyahatyA na karavAnuM 284 thI 282 sudhInA aDhI ke trA varSanAM vRtta lIdhuM. A rIte sarva praznanA tADa je sugamamAM gALAmAM ja che eTaluM teA nakkI che ja. vaLI priya-sugama rIte kADhI zakAya te pramANe kADhI khatAvyA che. sAra e thaye| ke, maskinA lekha je kAraNane laIne ubhA karavAmAM AvyeA che te prasaMga I. sa. pU. 282 mAM khanavA pAmyA hatA. vaLI jyAre sudarzana taLAvanI prazastimAM ane kaliMganA lekhamAM, e vakhata zAMtakarraNane harAvIne jIvatA javA dIdhAnI hakIkata darzAvAi che, tyAre mAnavuM raheze ke sudarzana taLAvaneA baMdha je priyadarzinanA bhAI zAlizuke saurASTranA sUbA tarIke samarAvyA che tenA samaya pazu I. sa. pU. 282 bAdanA ja ane kaliMganA yuddhanA samaya paNa I. sa. pU. 282 khAdanA ja puravAra thaI jAya che. darzinanA vRttAMtathI jANItA thayA chIe ke, dakSiNanI jIta pUrI karyA bAda te atimAM AvI gayA hatA ne pachI pharIne kaliMgamAM javuM paDayuM hatuM. eTale arthe e thayA ke, zAtakaraNinI sAthe thayela judAM judAM yuddhanI vacce kAMika yuddhavirAmanA samaya paNa thavA pAmyA hatA. vaLI svabhAvika che ke, eka yuddhane khIjA yuddhathI chUTuM pADavA mATe--chUTA tarIke gaNutrImAM levA mATe--paNu kAMIka samaya yuddhavirAma tarIke pasAra thavA ja joie; te AvI rIte jyAM yuddhavirAmanA samayanI gaNunA karavAnI hAya tyAM e aDhI varSamAM jema ane teTalAM yuddha ochAM thayAnuM ja mAnavuM paDe. jethI traNane badale e yuddha ja thayAM hAvAnuM mAnavuM. rahe; paNa kaliMgalekhamAM tA sApha jaNAvyuM che ke pUrve e vakhata jIvatA javA dIdhA hatA. eTale ke traNa vakhata yuddha thayuM hatuM. A badhI hakIkatane barAbara meLa jAmI zake te mATe ema TharAvavuM rahe che ke, paheluM yuddha I. sa. pU. 284nA aMte thayuM gaNavuM. te bAda cha mAsa te ati gayo; i. sa. pU. 283 nI dimAM. daramiyAna kAvatrAnA bhAgamAM skinA sthaLe kumAra tivalanuM maraNu I. sa. pU. 287nA aMte thayuM, gata pArimAre e aDhI varSamAM samrATa priyadarzinane kaliMgapati rAja kSAtakaraNa naM. 6 ane naM. 7 sAthe Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat traNa jeTalAM yuddha laDavA paDavAnI hakIkata lakhatAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, tenAM kAraNanI samAlAcanA have pachI laIzuM. eTale jyAre kAryanA itakhAma devAyA che tyAre sAthe sAthe tema thavAnAM je kAraNeA upasthita thayAM hAya tenI tapAsa pazu laIe. eka siddhAMta tarIke puravAra karI devAyuM che ke, uparanA prasaMgeA anavAnAM kAraNa www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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navama pariccheda ] uparanA prasaMge banavAnAM kAraNa [ 181 pUrvanA samaye je laDAIo ubhI thatI hatI temAM mukhyatve samaya sudhI AMdhrapatio paNa jainadharma pALatA hatA karIne bhUmi meLavavAne lebha raheto nahato ane ema temanA sikkAcitranA AdhAre, zilAlekhanI tethI ja laDAInA pariNAme, parAchata pakSane pAchI varNavAyelI hakIkata AdhAre, temaja anya aitihAsika tenI gAdI suprata karI devAtI hatI. A pramANe gaNa sAmagrIthI pUravAra thaI gayuM che, eTale priyadarzinane rAjyanI-athavA kaho ke tene maLatI evI akeMdrita ane zAtakaraNine kaI rIte dhArmika matabheda thavA bhAvanAnI paddhati cAlu rahI hatI ane tene lIdhe ja, ke mana duHkha pAmavAne prasaMga ubhe thAya tevI sthiti je zilAlekho kotarAyelA dekhAyA che temAM paNa nahotI. chatAM jyAre rAjA aMdhastaMbha upara priyadarzine rAjakAraNanA mudA dRSTie paDatA nathI. paraMtu jyAMne treachery=chaLakapaTa-kAvavuM karyAno Aropa mUkayo tyAM amuka prakAranuM dAna devAyAnI athavA to yAtrikonI che ane kumAra tivaranuM mRtyu nIpajAvyuM che, tyAre ane AtmasAdhana karatAM RSimunionI sagavaDatA banavAgya che ke kAMte gRhakaleza ke aMdara aMdaranI sAcavyA pUratI ja bInAo vAMcavAmAM Ave che. khaTapaTa jAgI hovI joIe athavA to priyadarzine priyadarzinanA lekho-khaDaka ke staMbha uparanA-mAM paNa AMdhrapatine have khaMDiye-bhUtya banAvela hovAthI, tenAM te prakAranI bhAvanA ja taravaratI daSTisamIpa dekhAyA kuLAbhimAna ane svataMtratAne kSati pahoMcelI samajI. kare che. ATaluM lAMbuM vivecana karavAnI jarUra eTalA ja naM. 6 AMdhrapati temAMthI mukta thavAne gussAmAM ne mATe paDI che ke uDe uDe paNa marika ane kaliganI gussAmAM ne karavAnuM karI besavAne lalacAya hAya. laDAIone dhArmika hariphAIjanita matsarasAthe saMbaMdha mAMnuM bIjuM kAraNa vizeSa sabaLa mAnI zakAya hovAnuM jaNAya che. tema che. pariNAme bIjI vAranuM yuddha ubhuM thayuM hatuM - priyarzananA khaDaka lekhathI jaNAyuM che ke, rAjyA. ne temAM paNa zAtakaraNi hArI javAthI te vize bhiSeka pachI be aDhI varSathI ja tene svadharma upara kopAyamAna banyo hato, paraMtu priyadarzine te gune prIti lAgavA mAMDI hatI ane kamekrame, sAmAnya mApha karI, jIvate mUkI tenA rAjapade punaHsthApita karyo vyakti na rahetAM upAsaka banI, pUrNa utsAhathI tenA eTale kAMIka ThaMDe paDe khare, chatAM vRddhAvasthAne lIdhe pracAra mATe satata udhamI rahyA karate, ne navamA varSa hoya ke babe vakhata pitAnI murAdamAM hAra khAdhI bAda te te kharo zraddhALa-aMdhazraddhAvALuM nahi-banI tethI lAgela AghAtane lIdhe hoya ke baMnenuM ekatrita gayo hato. eTale ke tenA jIvananA palaTAno prAraMbha pariNAma hoya, paNa te maraNa pAmyo. eTale yuvAna rAjApade AvyA pachI tarata ja thavA pAmyo che. bIjI putra-naM. 7mAM zAtakaraNie, pitAnA ghavAyelA kuLAbAja ema sAbita thayuM che ke, rAjAone chatI bhimAnane ane potAne bhegavavA paDela badanAmI tenI kanyA sAthe pote athavA potAnA kuTuMbano koI sAthe mAnahAnine badalo levAnuM gAdIe besatAM ja sabhya lagnagraMthIthI joDAtAM. A pramANe I. sa. pU. vicAryuM lAge che; te mATe yuddha karavuM ja rahe, paNa te 284mAM (rAjyAbhiSeka pachI cha varSa ke te bAda) zAta- mATe kAMI kAraNa to ubhuM karavuM joIe. eTale pitAnI karaNi naM. 6ne jItIne, tenI kanyA pote paraNyo hato sattAmAM Avela kaliMga prAMta-ke jyAM sametRzikhara ane saMbhava che ke ekAda varSamAM te rANIne putra paNa nAme jANItA thayela jainadharmanA pavitra tIrthanI taLeTI prasavyo hato. A rANInuM nAma cArUvAkI ane putranuM te samaye AvI hatI (juo pu. 1 pR. 166) tyAM nAma tivara hovAnuM have ApaNe TharAvyuM che. A jatAM yAtrikone herAnagati karavA mAMDI. A hakIkata (5) kAvatra karavAno Aropa naM. 7nA rAjA upara na paNa hoya tema tAlIma paNa na maLI hoya eTale naM 6ne DhoLAya tema saMbhava nathI kemake te te hajI ugato juvA- ja te lAgu paDe che. nIyA hatA eTale rAjyamAM racAtA dAvapecathI mAhitagAra (6) pitAne kuladharma je jaina hato temAMthI have teNe :

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182 ] zatavahana sAtamAno parivAra [ ekAdarAma khaMDa priyadarzinane kAne jatAM, tene dharmaprema uchaLI rAtakaraNa nAmathI oLakhAve che. tema zatavahana paNa uThayo ne kaliMganI laDAI jAgI. zAtakaraNi sAthe pitAne kahI zake che. eTale kevaLa A be zabdothI (alabata, A samaye naM. 7 vALo rAjA hata) trIjuM kaI nRpatinI khAsa oLakhANa ApI zakAya tema yuddha thayuM temAM zAtakaraNinI sakhta hAra thaI, tema nathI ja. tema mAtulapakSanA gotra uparathI je nAma priyadarzinanA sainyanI paNa jabarI khuvArI thaI. A keTalAkanI sAthe joDavAmAM Ave che, te paNa amuka vakhate raNakSetre banne pakSanAM mANasanAM zaba, aMga- rAjAne AzrayIne ja vaparAyuM che evo nirNaya karavAne chedana pAmelAnAM taraphaDiyAM tathA haiyAphATa rokakaLa najare ApaNane upayogI thaI zakatuM nathI; kemake rAjakuMvara nihALI, priyadarzinanuM kamaLuM hRdaya eTaluM te kavita jevI vyaktine lagnasaMbaMdha te, ucca gaNutA kuLamAM thaI gayuM ke te ja kSaNe, manuSyahatyA karanArI ane ja joDavAnuM ane ane tethI amuka gotramAMthI nirarthaka mAnahAnI vaherI letI laDAI chadagIparyata ghaNI kanyAo ghaNuM kuMvarane paraNAvavAmAM AvI nahIM laDavAnI pratijJA karI vALI. (juo tene dhaulI zake. pariNAme je putrone janma eka ja gotranI jAgauono zilAlekha), A lekhanano sAra e che ke, kanyAothI thayA hoya te sarve te gotrI kanyAnA putra maskinA banAvanA kAraNamAM kaluSita, sAmAjIka mana- tarIke ja saMbodhI zakAya. eTale tevI vyaktie te vRtti, tathA mizrita dhArmika kaLAbhimAna hevAnuM ane aneka thaI zake che. alabatta zatakaraNi ane zatavahana kaliganA yuddhamAM kevaLa dharmadeSa hevAnuM jaNAya che. zabdo karatAM, keTaleka aMze te vizeSatA dharAvatuM gaNAya (7) vAsiSaputra zAtakaraNi uzatavahana sAtame kharuM; paNa ekadama nizcayAtmakapaNe saMbodhatuM athavA bIjA rAjAonI peThe AnAM nAma sAthe aneka vyAkaraNamAM jene vizeSanAma kahI zakIe tevuM to te upanAmAM joDAyela najare paDatAM nathI eTale darajaje na ja kahI zakAya. eTale ja A vaMzanA pratyeka rAjAne tenA jIvana vRttAMtanA banAvo oLakhavA mATe khAsa zabdo kyA vaparAyA haze te nAma, umara ane pArakhI kADhavAne muMjhavaNa paDatI tapAsavuM rahe che. A rAjAonA sikkA nihALIzuM parivAra nathI. jethI karIne hAla te te darekanA nAma sAthe uparanA traNa zabdo (zatakaraNi. tene nAmAvalinA krama pramANe zatavahana ane mAtAnA gotrIka nAma) sivAya sAtamA zatavahana tarIke ane mAtalagotranA nAma kaIkane kAIka nAma joDavAmAM AveluM hoya che. eTale uparathI vAsiSThaputra tarIke ja oLakhIzuM. paraMtu tene ema mAnavuM rahe che ke AvA vadhArAnA zabdomAMnA rAjyakALa je dIrdhakALa sudhI cAlyo che te jotAM, kAIkavizeSanAma tarIke hevAM joIe. ATaluM jANI temaja tenI sAhasika vRtti, ane kAMI ne kAMI karI lIdhA pachI jo sarve sikkAo ekaThA karIne tene anyathI judA paDI AgaLa AvI nAma kADhavAnI bArIka abhyAsa karAya, tathA je zabdo sAmAnyarUpe tenI hoMza jotAM, tenA jIvana vize je kAMI pari. ke guNavAcaka jevA dekhAtA hoya ane ghaNI vyaktimitapaNe upalabdha thayuM che, te jo ke sarakhAmaNImAM onAM nAma sAthe joDAyA hoya, tevAne bAda karatAM kAMIja nathI ema kahIe te cAle chatAM banavAjoga zeSa rahetA zabda, vizeSanAma tarIke vaparAyA hovAnuM che ke, tenA sikkAo vize vizeSa abhyAsa karavAthI nakkI thaI jaze. A kAma mATe te sikkAno jaththo navI mAhitI maLI jAya. paNa bahALe joIe ane tenI lipi ukelano sAmAnya rIte A vaMzano dareka rAjA pitAne abhyAsa paNa joIe. A prakAranuM kAma bhale kaMTALA khasavA mAMDayuM hatuM; dhImedhIme teno tyAga karavA sudhInuM pagaluM paNa bharyuM hatuM, jenA pariNAme te jainadharmaSI banI gayA hate je tenA jIvana caritra uparathI jaNAya che, () pu. 2, pR. 356 TI. na. 22 juo Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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navama paricchede ] bhareluM che temaja ati khaMtathI ane khAmAMsIthI ja karI zakAya tevuM che, chatAM itihAsanI dRSTithI huM ja mahatvanuM che. kAraNa ke tevAM aneka parAkramA, je eka rAjAnuM nAma bIjAnI sAthe sAmyatA dharAvatuM hAvAthI, pahelAne badale khIjAnA nAme kaiM ulaTA sulaTI caDAvI devAya che ane eka pachI eka AdarelI bhUla, aneka bhUlanI janmadAtA thaI paDe che, te sthitinA kArda kALe aMta AvatA ja nathI ane ANaMde AkhA ItihAsa ja tenA vikRta svarUpe janatA samakSa emane ema keTalAka kALa cAhyA kare che. A pramANenA dRSTAMtA eka nahIM paNa aneka che. A vaMzanA ja ghaNI rAjAonA saMbaMdhamAM atyAra sudhI banavA pAmyuM che. jemake naM. ranA yajJazrI gautamIputrane naM. 29 tarIke lekhAyA che. temaja naM. 4 ane na. 7mA rAjAone paraspara gaNAvAyA che. tema vaLI AgaLa jatAM sAkhIta karavAmAM Avaze ke naM. 17 te naM. 26 tarIke ane naM. 18 te naM. 25 ke naM. 29 tarIke gaNAvI javAyuM che. tevI te eka nahIM paNa aneka skhalanA thai gai che. temAM kAI te dASita TharAvavAnuM ApaNe prayAjana nathI. dareka prayAsa karanAre teA zubha AzayathI potAnA samaya ane zaktine bhoga ApIne ja kAma karyuM che; chatAM paNa AvI trUTiye| sAdhananA abhAve je rahI javA pAmI che te have sudhArI levAnI khUba khUba AvazyaktA che. tema thaze tyAre ja itihAsa peAtAnA kharA, nirmaLa tathA vizuddha svarUpamAM khIlI nIkaLatA karAmalakavad daSTi samIpa taravarato thaze ane oNoN. raeNpsana jevA abhyAsIne je uccAravuM paDayuM che 4. (kA. AM. 2. pR. 86, pAri. 70) "Andhra kings were known by different names in different districts of their own empire=AMdhrapatione peAtAnA ja sAmrAjyanA judA judA prAMtAmAM judA judA nAme eLakhavAmAM AvyA che." jyAre vinseTa smitha (jIe a. hi. haiM. trIjI (8) AvA daSTAMta pu. 2 mAM sikkAvarNanamAM ghaNAMye najare paDayAM che. jo prasaMga ubhe thayA te A sarvene navI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat zatavavhena sAtamAnA parivAra [ 183 AvRtti, pR. 186) "that they are parsonal names=te te vyaktigata nAmA che." A graMthanA keTale darajaje nyAyazIla che tenA baTasphoTa thai jaze, A uparathI samajI zakAze ke sikkAnA uMDA anuzIlananI jo kayAMya ati jarUriyAta hoya te te AMdhravaMzI rAjAe saMbaMdhamAM ja spaSTapaNe dekhAi Ave che. amane peAtAne jati anubhava thayeA che ke je nirNaya ceDA samaya pUrve karAyA hAya are kahA ke chApIne jene svIkAra prakaTa paNa karI devAyA heAya te ja pAche vadhAre abhyAsanA pariNAme pheravI nAMkhI taddana ulaTa dizAmAM jatA jAhera karavA paDe che. prasaMgane lIdhe jarA ADakaTe paDIne paNa sikkAnA abhyAsa viSe ATaluM vivecana karavuM paDayuM che te mATe vAcakanI kSamA cAhI mULa viSaya upara pAchA AvI jaie. eka pachI eka gAdIe AvatA rAjA, jo pitAputra tarIkenA ja saMbaMdha dharAvatA hAya, teA trIjI ke cothI peDhIe AvatA rAjA, ati nAnI umare rAjapade AvavA bhAgyazALI thAya che. evA niyama (pu. 1, pR. 88) sakAraNa ane sakhaLa dekhAyA che. taddanusAra A sAtamA zAMtakaraNa paNu, jyAre gAdIe AvyA tyAre nAnI umaranA ja hatA. lagabhaga 20 varSanA hatA; jethI 56 varSa jeTaluM lAMpu rAjya bhAgavI zakayA che. eTale tenuM AyuSya 75 varSanuM aMdAjI kahI zakAze. te samaye teTaluM ja AyuSya niyamA tarIke thai paDayuM hatuM. tenA pradAdA naM. 4 vALA mallikazrI zAtakaraNa jIe ke, dAdA na. pa e, ke naM. 6 vALA pitA jue, ke tenA ja sama kAlina mahA pratApI samrATa priyadarzina juo, te sarvee lagabhaga 70-70 varSanAM AyuSya bhAgamAM che; eTale naM. 7 nA saMbaMdhamAM kAMI Azcaya pAmavA jevuM nathI banyuM. tenA parivAramAM, tenI pAchaLa gAdIe besanArane putra lekhAya te hiMsAkhe, tene eka putra hatA ema kahevuM AvRtti vakhate sudhArI levAmAM Avaze, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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184 ] joie. rANI saMbaMdhI kAMI mAhitI maLatI nathI, paraMtu eka bahena hatI ema pUravAra thayuM che; jene gata nRttAMte jaNAvyA pramANe priyadarzina sAthe paraNAvavI paDI hatI. A lagna I. sa. pU. 284mAM thayuM che. te phALa lagnanI uMmara 13-14 varSanI gaNAtI hatI eTale, jyAre I. sa. pU. 281mAM te gAdIe beThA tyAre, A tenI bahenanI uMmara 16 varSanI kahevAya. matalabake pote meTA hatA ane bahena nAnI hatI. A sivAya tene bIjA keTalAM bhAIbhAMDuM hatAM te jaNAyuM nathI. tenI mAtA vAsiSThAtrI kanyA hAvAthI te peAtAne vAsiSThaputra tarIke oLakhAvatA hatA. naM. 7 zAtakaraNanA jIvana ane dharma palaTA bharayuvAnImAM gAdIe AvavAthI tenAmAM yuvAnIne mada paNa hatA tema mATA sAmrAjyanA svAmI thaye hevAthI rAjamada paNa hatA. temAM vaLI kAMika parAkramI ane sAhasikavRttine hAvAthI, te pote harALamAM AvavAne thanathanATa karI rahyo hatA. temAMye rAjakIyakSetre ajamAvavuM dhAreluM tenuM joma tA gAdIe besatAM prathama ja varSe samrATa priyadarzinanA hAthe, dakhAi javA pAmyuM hatuM. eTale prathama kavale makSikA jevuM apazukana thatAM, te raste AgaLa vadhavAmAM tenA paga DhIlA paDI gayA hatA, chatAM hiMmata hArI jAya tevA nahAtA. eTale yaza khATavAnA rastA zodhavA maMDayA. priyadarzine peAtAnI dhArmika sahiSNutAvRttithI sArI jaMgatane cAhu saMpAdana karI lIdhA hatA. eTale tenA ja pagale, paNa kAMika judI pravRttimAM je jhaMpalAvAya te| Ama janatAne peAtAnuM sAmarthya batAvI zakAze, evA vicAre, te vakhatanA priyadarzinanA jainamata sivAyanA bIjo dharma je vaidika hatA tenuM zaraNuM levA, ane te dvArA Ama janatAnuM zreya sAdhI, peAtAnuM manaphAvatuM karavAnA nizcayavALeA thayA. karmasaMyeAge tenA matane puSTi ApanAra eka vyakti paNa maLI AvI. jIvana ane dharmapalaTA (9) pu. 3mAM anumAna bAMdhIne ApaNe temanuM maraNa 180mAM 90 varSoMnI uMmare thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che, eTale temane janma te gaNatrIe i. sa. pU. 270mAM thayA gaNavA rahe. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekATTuzama khaDa A vakhate paMDita pataMjalInA janma (I. sa. pU. 275) thaI cUkayA hatA. are kaheA ke te vaidika dharmazAstramAM pAraMgata khanI sArI nAmanA paNa meLavI cUkyA hatA. eTale temane rAjapureAhita pade (pu. 3, pR. 12, TI. naM. 41) sthApI temanI salAha pramANe AgaLa vadhavAnA teNe prayatna zarU karI dIdhA. maMgaLAcaraNa tarIke peAtAnA khApIDhDhA jainadharma tyaja vaidikamatAnuyAyI banyA; paraMtu jyAMsudhI priyadardarzananI haiyAti hatI tyAMsudhI kAMi kArIgara phAve tema naheAtI, kemake divasAnudivasa tenA sitArA caDaye jatA hatA. eTale peAtAnA rAjyanI AdimAM, priyadarzinanI kIrtine TapI ja AgaLa vadhavAmAM tene sugama hatuM tenA karatAM have vizeSa duSkara mAlama paDatuM hatuM. eTalAmAM I. sa. pU. 236mAM priyadarzinanuM maraNa thayuM. have tenA mArga niSkaMTaka thayela jaNAyA. A vakhate tenI uMmara joke 60 ke tenAthI paNa vadhAre thavA pAmI hatI; paraMtu pataMjalI mahAzaya 40 varSanI lagabhagamAM hatA, eTale temanI preraNA aTakI paDe tema naheAtuM. prathama, dakSiNamAM potAnI ANavALA pradezamAM ja temaNe dharmapracAra karI dIdhA ane kahevuM paDaze ke temAM temane ThIkaThIka caza pazu maLyA dekhAya che. temAM puSyamitra zRMga nAme je pAchaLathI vakhaNAyA che temanA pitA ityAdi brAhmaNAnAvaidika kuTuMbaneA-sAya maLatAM era vadhAre protsAhana maLyuM hatuM. A sarva phatehathI uttejIta banI, pataMjalI mahAzayanI salAhathI, peAtAnA yaza ciraMjIvI karavA prathama azvamedha (I. sa. pU. 230 AsapAsa) karyAM. uttarahiMdamAM kahA ke avaMtimAM--priyadarzinanI gAdIe tenA jyeSThaputra vRSabhasena AvyA hatA te paNa 50nI uMmara teA vaTAvI gayA hatA; paraMtu tenA sarva samaya, peAtAnA pitAnA rAjyakALe, adhAnistAna ane balucistAna taraphanA pradezanA sUbA tarIke pasAra karela hAvAthI tenI vRttiemAM vIratA AvavAne badale udAmatAneA ja paraMtu pu. 3, pR. 73, TI. 32mAM eka graMthakAranA AdhAra sAMpaDayA che temAM 175 mAM jaNAvyuM che. eTale te vadhAre majabuta gaNIne tene janma 275mAM thayAnuM gaNyuM che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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navama pariccheda ] dharmakAMti [ 185 aMza vizeSa pramANamAM joDAyela hatA. tene paNa pitAnA vidizA nagara-bIjo azvameghayajJa karAvya; tathA tyAM pitAnA yazane TapI javAnI hoMza hatI. eTale pagalAM I. sa. pU. 226mAM zilAlekha ubho karI temAM mAMDayAM. janatAnI dhArmikavRttine utteja ane paSate pitAnI yazagAthA AlekharAvI tathA meLavela yazane te khare,paraMtu jyAM pitAnuM manadhAryana thatuM tyAM sahiSNutA kalagI paherAvavA, te vakhatanuM sarva kharca vidizAnI prajA dAkhavIne dhImethI ane kaLathI kAma levAne badale sattAnA pAsethI (pu, 3. pR. 74) vasula karAvyuM. ke. hi. Ina madamAM tapI jaIne kAma laI le. pariNAme atyA- lekhake pR. 530-1 upara "Twice it appears cAra karI javAte eTale lokaprIti ghaTavA mAMDI, bIjI had Satkarni proclaimed his suzerainty bAja tenA AvA svabhAvane lIdhe tenA bhAI bhAMDa- by the performance of the horse omAM paNa akAra thavA mAMDayo hato. adhurAmAM pUruM sacrifice and on one of the occasions teo rAjabhagrasta thatA jatA hatA eTale rAja- at least, the victory thus celebrated kaTuMbamAM kasaMpe jora pakaDayuM ane eka pachI eka must have been at the expense of the teo svataMtra banI mULa gAdIthI chUTA paDavA mAMDayA. Sungas=ema samajAya che ke, zAtakaraNie potAnuM pariNAme mAtra pAMca sAta varSa upara ja-priyadarzinanA sArvabhaumatva darzAvavA be vakhata azvamedha karyA hatA samaye-avaMtinI je pheM phATatI hatI, te A vRSabhasenanI ane kamamAM kama temAMthI eka vakhate te vijayotsava dhamadha ane avicArI vRttithI taddana 5rihAsya banI zaMga prajAne kharca ujavAvyo hato" AvA zabdo gaI hatI; tema teno sattA pradeza paNa ati maryAdita je lakhyA che te temane soMganI pUratI mAhitI nahI banI gayo hato. A takano lAbha levA dakSiNapati hovAne lIdhe thavA pAmyuM che ema samajavuM. staMbha sAtakaraNinuM mana thayuM, kaho ke tema karavA salAha ubho karAvyA uparAMta, avaMtipati pitAnuM mAthuM UMcuM maLI. teNe avaMti upara hallo karyo ane svabhAvika karavA na pAme mATe, puSyamitrane mukhya javAbadAra rIte temAM tenI jIta thaI. eTale te samayanI rAja- vyakti tarIke tyAM nImI dIdhuM ane chevaTe pita nIti pramANe 10 vRSabhasena pAse hAra kabUla karAvI, je svasthAne dakSiNamAM AvI pahoMcyo. ekAda varSamAM avaMtino pate khaDiyo bhUtya hatA, te ja avaMtipatine eTale I. sa. pU. 225mAM pitAnuM maraNa nIpajayuM. ulaTa pitAne tya-khaMDiye-banAvI, Isa. pU. A pramANe zAtakaraNi dakSiNapati naM. 9nA rAjyakALa, 230nI AsapAsa dakSiNamAM pAcho AvI pahoMcyo. potAnA hAthe be azvamedha-eka dakSiNamAM ane bIje mAM beeka varasa thayAM nahi hoya, tyAM avaMtipati avaMtimAM-thayAne tathA potAnA bApiko jainadharma tyAga vRSabhasenanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 227mAM nIpajyuM, eTale karyAnuM varNana samajI levuM. tyAM gAdI mATe jhaghaDA thavA mAMDayA. aMte dakSiNapati mauryavaMzI samrATone kuLadharma-bApadAdAne dharmazAtakaraNi potAnA vizvAsu ane vaidika matAnuyAyI jena hatA, chatAM azokavardhane temAMthI judA paDIsaradAra pelA puSyamitra sAthe 11 avaMti pahoMcI gayo. bauddhadharma ravIkArI-bhAta pADI vRSabhasenanA putra (ke bhAI)ne bhatya banAvI, gAdI upara dharmakAMti hatI, tenA kAraNamAM teno nArIbesArI, tyAM potAnA vijayacihna tarIke rAjanagara meha hatA. jo ke temAMthI calita ) jema kaliMgapati khAravele I. sa. 5. 18mAM magaSapati bRhaspatimitrane harAvyA chatAM magadhanI gAdI para rahevA dIdhuM hatuM, ane mAtra potAnA page namAvye hata, tema rAtoraNie paNa avaMtipati bhasenane I. sa. pU. 270-2mAM karyuM samajavuM. (11) banavAjoga che ke, kadAca paMDita pataMjalI paNuM A samaye sAthe gayA hoya. (12) juo vidizA-sAMcitUpa,

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186 ] keTalAMka upanAmenI samaja ekAdazama khaMDa thAya tevA keTalAka banAve pAchaLathI banavA pAmyA ane te bAda AvI-Apilika I. cAreka rAjAo hatA, paraMtu potAnA jIvanakALa sudhI te nabhAve go AvyA che. temanA rAjyakALa vize ja ke purANahatA. matalaba ke bauddhadharma te samaye lagabhaga 35 varSa graMthamAM bahu vAMcavAmAM nathI AvatuM paraMtu jaina sudhI rAjadharma tarIke rahevA pAmyuM hatuM. jyAre graMthamAM kAMIka hakIkta je maLI Ave che te AdhAre A sAtakaraNie, pitAne kuLadharma tyajI dIdho hate kahI zakAya che ke, tyAM dakSiNamAM jenazAstra ane paraMtu temAM nArIne badale rAjakIya kSetre jhaLakI siddhAMtamAM pAraMgata utarelA evA ane pannavaNAkAranA uThavAnI nirUpa tenuM udabhava kAraNa hatuM. A samaye birUdathI prasiddha thayelA (jemane samaya ma. saM 335 parivartana pAmela vaidika dharma, azokanA vakhatanI mAphaka thI 3=41 varSa che. i. sa. 1 192thI 151) 35 varSa jeTaluM paNa AyuSya dakSiNanA darabAre che ke te samayanA yugapradhAna, nAme kAlikari urphe syAmAcArye nIbhAvI zakyo nathI, chatAM kahevuM joie ke avaMtimAM svaupadezathI jainadharmanI sArI sevA bajAvI hatI. lagabhaga eka sadI sudhI teNe potAno vijayake A kAlikasUri teja samajavA ke je zaMgavaMzI baLamitra vagaDAvo jArI rAkhyo hato. bhAnumitranA saMsArapakSe mAmA thatA hatA tathA jemanI avaMtimAM eka pachI priyadarzina AvatAM, teNe pAse temanA bhANeja bhAnumi dIkSA levAthI teNe ati phaLadharma pAche punarjIvita karyo hato eTaluM ja nahIM (baLamitra) ke pAyamAna thaIne keInuM paNa sAMbhaLavAnI paraMta sarva renadhamAM rAjAonItanI pUrvenA pAchaLanA. darakAra karyA vinA, bhara comAse temane avaMtimAMthI kADhI are kahe che ke atyArasudhInA)-sarakhAmaNImAM teNe mUkyA hatA ke jemaNe dakSiNamAM Azraya lIdho hate. pitAne naMbara pahelo ja nedhAvI dIdhuM hatuM. tenI (juo, 5. , pR. 113).eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke A pAchaLa AvanAra saMtAnanA avicArIpaNAne lIdhe AMdha rAjavIonA samaye, rAjadharma tarIke kadAca vaidika pAcho jainadharma je ke cheDe abakhe paDavA mAMDa mata zithila avasthAmAM rahevA pAmyo haze. paraMtu hite ane zAtakaraNie vijayastaMbha ropyA bAda tene te bAda te dakSiNapatio pAchA jainadharmamAM daDha tadana lopa thavAnI bhItI rahetI hatI, chatAM nabaLA thaI gayA dekhAya che, te TheTha - 2nA samaye bIjI nabaLA mauryarAjAoe jematema karIne te TakAvI jabarajasta dharmakAMti thavA pAmI che tyAM sudhI. rAkhyuM hatuM. bAkI maurya pachI je zRMga rAjaamala tAtparya e thayo ke, AMdhapatiomAM dhamakAMti be vakhata arvatimAM thayo ane 6. pataMjalInI-gurUdevanI-rAja- thavA pAmI che. prathama veLA zAtakaraNi nuM nA rAjya ahita tarIke sthApanA thaI ke vaidikadharma pAche amale pAchaLanA bhAgamAM ane bIjI veLA naM. 27vALA khUba prakAzamAM AvavA lAgyo hato. samrATa agni- zivasvAtinA rAjyanA AraMbhamAM bAkInI bIjI mitranA samaye te pUrNakaLAe pahoMcyo hato ane te vastuno khyAla cAthA paricache pU. 64thI 68 sudhImAM bAda zuMgavaMzanI paDatI dazAmAM teno paNa paDatI dazA apAI gayuM che, tyAMthI je levA vinaMti che. AvyAnuM dekhAya che. eTale tyAM-avaMtimAM lagabhaga paradezI rAjakartAomAMnA keTalAkane jema kSatrapa eka sadI jeTalA samaya sudhI vaidika dharmane rAjadharma ane mahAkSatrapa jevAM upanAma joDavAmAM AvyAM che hevAnuM mAna maLa rahAnuM kahI zakAya. ane temAM ane tethI tevA zabdano prabhAvapataMjalI mahAzayanI padharAmaNI ane Ama janatAne keTalAMka upanAmenI adhikAra ke mahAo vize kAMIka temaNe pAyelI preraNA ja mukhya kAraNarUpe kahI zakAya, samaja jANavAnI AvazyaktA hovAthI jyAre dakSiNamAM judI ja sthiti parivartavA pAmI hatI. ApaNe tenI samajUti ApavI dakSiNApathapati zAtakaraNituM maraNa i. sa. pU. paDI che, tema A zatavahanavazI zAtakaraNI rAjAo 226-5 mAM thatAM tenI gAdIe tene putra lodara sAthe paNa evAM keTalAMka upanAma joDAyAM che ke

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nayama pariccheda ] keTalAMka jenI kAMika samajUti ApavAnI jarUriyAta lAge che. je ke gautamIputra, vAsiSThaputra Adi mAtRgatrika zabdonI tathA khaMDiyApaNuM svIkAratAM bhratya zabda lagADAtAnI keTalIka mAhitI prasaMgeApAta apAi gai che. eTale ahIM te pAchI na utAratA pu. 4, pR. 13thI 20 tathA 50-51 ane A pustake pR. 32 tathA 66 mAM ja Apela kADha| vAMcI javA bhalAmaNa che, eTale tyAM je hakIkata nathI apAI tenA ullekha atra karavAM rahe che. bhRtyA zabda saMbaMdhamAM eTaluM vizeSa zeAdhI zakAyuM che ke koI zatavahanavaMzI rAjAe te zabda pAMtAnA nAmanI sAthe zilAlekhamAM ke sikkA uparanA akSarAmAM vAparyAM nathI, manavA joga che ke tema karavuM petAne apamAnajanaka lAgyuM heAya paraMtu temanA sikkAeAnI avaLI ke savaLI khAju uparanI je prakAre citrA pADavAmAM AvyAM che ane tenA uDDala tathA marma samajAyA che, te uparathI paristhiti samajI levAya che ke amuka kALe, amuka rAjA, amuka samrATanI AjJAmAM haze. A badhuM varNana pu. 2mAM, te te rAjAnA sikkAvarNane savistara samajAvavAmAM AvyuM che, eTale tyAMthI joi levA vini che. uparanAM khade uparAMta, viyiSurasa, vilivaya kurasa tathA zivalakrurasa nAmanAM biA paNa sikkA uparathI temAMnA keTalAkane saMyukata thayelAM dekhAya che. tene khAsa artha ke hetu zuM haze, te jo ke spaSTa thayuM nathI; parantu te sarve * eka ja bhAvArthasUcaka vizeSaNarUpe hAvAnuM mAnI levAyuM che,' eTale ApaNe paNa te matane vaLagI rahIzuM. tene artha amArI samajaNa pramANe "voravalaya dhAraNa karela che jeNe-"evA AzayavALA thAya che; jethI te pada dhAraNa karanAra ema udghASaNA karatA mAnavA paDaze ke A valayeAkhAnubaMdha teNe petAnuM bAhubaLa sUcavavA bAMdhyAM che mATe kAi paNa tenI sAthe laDAImAM utarI, tene jItIne te utarAvI zake che. matalabake A birUdo tenI pAtAnI svataMtratAnA vijayAM vagaDAvavA rUpe che; ane tema hAvAthI, jyAre jyAre ane jeTalA jeTalA samaya (13) mA prazna hajI vadhAre anuzIlana mAge che, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat upanAmAnI samaja 187 sudhI teo bhRtyapaNuM na hoya tyAre tyAre ja, ane teTalo teTalA samaya ja, teo te upanAma dhAraNa karI zake. AthI karIne samajI levuM ke, je kALe te svataMtra hatA tyAre uparanAM bidA pAtAnAM nAma sAthe lagADatAM, ane je kALe te khaMDiyA banI jatA tyAre te khidA kADhI nAMkhatAM. A siddhAMtane anusarIne, kayA rAjA keTalA vakhata uparamAMnuM birUda dhAraNa karI zake te spaSTa thaI jAya che. ApaNe paNa "prabhRtyA zabdanuM vivecana karatI vakhate, te khUlAsA ApI zakayA hAta ane pR. 32 tathA 66 mAM jyAM jyAM 'svataMtra' hAyAnuM jaNAvyuM che, tyAM tyAM sAthe sAthe temanI vIratAsUcaka upanAme paNa joDI dIdhAM hAta,, paraMtu prasaMga upayukta na thayA DhAvAne lIdhe ApaNe te kArya UbhuM rAkhyuM hatuM, je have kahI zakIe chIe; athavA piSTapeSaNanA doSa TALavA ema paNa jaNAvI zakIe, ke tyAM Apela patraka sAthe nIcenuM patraka joDIne vAMcavuM. AMka sAbitInA purAvA birUda13 1 vilivayakurasa pu. 2, sikko naM. 58 2 vilivayakurasa pu.' ra, sikko naM. 5 pu. 2, sikko naM. 69 pu. 2, sikko naM. 70 (4) binlR vinA bida vinA 3 | birUda vinA 4 | birUda vinA sadara vidivayakurasa 5 | zivalapurasa birUda vinA 6 | birUda vinA sadara sikko nathI pu. 2, sikko naM. 67-68 pu. 2, sikkA naM. 71-72 pu. 2, sikko naM. 57 pu. 2, sikko naM. 59 pu. 2, sikko naM. 60 pu. 2, sikkA naM.63,64,66 pu. 2, sikko naM. 62 pu. 2, sikko naM. 73 sArvabhauma tarIke pu. 2, sikko naM. 61 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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188 ] rAjya vistAra ane sImAspati rAjya samajavuM rahe che ke A samayapachI khaMDiyApaNuM lagabhaga adRzya jevuM thaI gayuM hAvAthI A birUda paDatuM mUkAyuM che; paraMtu keMdrita bhAvanApaNe rAjya lAvavAnI prathA saMpUrNa paNe amalamAM Avela na hAvAthI kevaLa sikkAcitra purANI Dhabe citrAyAM karAtAM hatAM; jyAre agnimitra rAjye azvamedha karAyA maiM teNe sArvabhaumatvanI dheASaNA karI tyArathI akeMdrita bhAvanAne amala' thaI cUkayA gaNAya. eTale tyArathI tA siddhacitrAmAM savaLI avaLI khAjIne je mahimA hatA te paNa sarrathA adRzya thaI gayA samajavA. tenA prapitAmaha malika zrI zAtakaraNInA rAjyathI, je mATA vistAra AMdhrapati tarIke vArasAmAM tenA dAdA pAMcamA zAtakaraNIne tathA rAjya vistAra te bAda pAcheA tenA pitA chaThThA ane sImA-zAtakaraNIne maLI AvyA hatA. Iita rAjyA te ja, A naM. 7 rAjAne paNa uttarAttara vArasAmAM maLyo hatA. phera eTalo ja hatA ke tene dAdA pAMcamA zAtakaraNI A sarva pradeza upara taddana svataMtrapaNe svAmitva dharAvatA hatA jyAre te svAmitva tenA pitAnA uttara jIvanamAM gumAI javA pAmyuM hatuM. joke te samaye gaNutaMtra rAjyanI vyavasthA cAlatI hAine, vijetA rAjAnuM mahArAjA priyadarzinanuM-mAMDaLikapaNuM svIkArI levAthI pAtAnA sarva pradeza upara chaThThA sAtakaraNine kula mukhatyAra tarIke punaH sthApita karI devAmAM AvyA hatA. te ja pramANe A sAtamA zAtakaraNae pazu gAdI upara besatAM mahArAjA priyadarzinanA sArvabhauma tvatA svIkAra karela heAvAthI, tene paNa tenA pitAnI peThe sarve adhikAra sAthe te sarva pradeza upara rAjA tarIke niyukta karavAmAM AvyA hatA. jainasAhitya graMthAmAM spaSTapaNe ullekha karAyeA che ke, mahArAjA saMpratie aneka padabhraSTa rAjAone temanA mULasthAne pAchA sthApyA hatA. kahevAnA tAtparya e che ke, AnA mulaka dakSiNahiMdanA AkhAye dvIpakalpa upara pharI vanyA hatA. mAtra e nAnA pradeza, maheATA raNamAM jema jaLAzaya AvI rahe tema, A dvIpakalpamAM AvI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa rahyA hatA. mAmAMnA ekanuM nAma ceAlA ane bIjAnuM nAma pAMDyA rAjya hatuM. temAMnA celArAjyane te samaye vistAra keTalA haze te kahevAne kAMi ApaNI pAse pramANu puraskara mAhitI nathI. paraMtu tenI rAjagAdI kAcI-kAMjIvarama hatuM ane pAMkSA rAjyamAM, dvIpakalpanA aMte je nAnA trikANAkAra pradeza che te jemAM madurA, tricineApalI che. zaherA Avela che tene samAveza thatA hatA. A e rAjyAnI sImA khAda karatAM, zAtakaraNanI hada kayAMsudhI AvIne aTakI jatI hatI te cekasapaNe kahI zakIe tema nathI, chatAM je samudrataTane adyatana kArAmAMDala kinArA tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che te pradezamAMthI tenA sikkA maLI AvatA heAvAthI, tyAMsudhI te| tenA rAjyanI hRda lakhAtI hAvI joie eTaluM siddha thaI zake che. dakSiNa hiMdI dvIpakalpamAMnA A ceAlA ane pAMDyAnA rAjyeA A jJAtakaraNanI sIdhI chAyAmAM hAvAnuM gaNI zakAya ke te mahArAjA priyadarzinanI hukumatamAM hatA ema gaNAya te, nathI itihAsa uparathI barAbara jANI zakAtuM ke nathI mahArAnta priyadarzine ubhA karAvela zilAlekhamAM Apela varSoMna uparathI samajI zakAtuM; kemake temAM te aMdezane-Bordering lands-sImAMta prAMtA tarIke saMkheAdhyA haiAvAnA AbhAsa cAya che chatAM, celA ane pAMDayAne svataMtra adhikAra prApta thayA haiAya tevA vartAva dekhAya che. jo sImAMtaneA arca rAjya vistAranI aMte sImAupara Avela prAMtA, ema karIe tA te yathAsthita nathI lAgatA, kemake pazcime aMdhadeza ane pUrve kArAmAMDala kinArAupara teA zAtakaraNanI sattA nizcitapaNe sAbIta thAya che ja. eTale vacce AvatA ceAlA rAjyanI sthiti tA, eka suDInA e pAMkhIyA vacce AvatI sApArInA jevI khanI rahe, pachI tene (Bordering) sImAMta kahevAya zI rIte ? khIjI bAju mahArAjA priyadarzita hiMdamAM temaja hiMdanI bahAra, uttare tibeTa ane turkesthAna sudhI tathA pazcime TheTha siriyA sudhI je digvijaya meLavyeA hateA tene lagatA sarva khyAna upara uDatI najara pheMkIe chIe, tyAre evA ja nizcaya upara AvatuM rahe che ke teNe www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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navama pariccheda ] dakSiNahiMdanA kAI paNa pradeza potAnI ANA bahAra rahevA dIdhA haiAvA na joIe. chatAM je pradezA peAtAnA adhikAramAM hovAnuM zila lekhAmAM jaNAvyuM che. temAM aMpradezanI dakSiNe Avela keralaputta, cAlA, pAMDayA, I.nAM nAmeA Ave che, eTale ke temane peAtAnI sattAmAM ane sIdhA amala taLe hAvAnuM lekhave che, jyAre vacce Avela apradezane Bordering tarIke lekhave. che. A uparathI samajAya che ke, Bordering eTale sImAMta, peAtAnA rAjyanI sImAnI aMtima hade-evA sparthamAM nahi, parantu peAtAnA rAjyanI hadamAM aDAaDha Avela-athavA sparzIne rahela, kAI khIjAM rAjya vacce AvatuM na heAya tema; jene conterminous kahI zakAya, sarva paristhitinuM samIkaraNa karatAM evA sAra upara AvavuM paDe che ke, cAlA ane pAMDayA rAjyanA saradArA paNu, keralaputta, satyaputtanI peThe, mahArAjA priyadarzinanA kauTuMbika purUSA dAvAthI, temanA upara sIdhI hakumata tenI cAlatI hatI, jyAre aMdhapati anya rAjakuTumbane lagatA heAvAthI tenA upara pAtAnA sIdhA kAjI naheAtA; parantu gaNataMtra rAjya jevI rAjapaddhati cAlu hAvAthI tene mAMDaLika banAvI, nirALA adhikAra bhAgavavA devAmAM AvatA hateA. A pramANe jyAre Bordering eTale sImAMta=(ter<< minating at the border, situated final at the border ema nahIM, parantu close to, surrounded by or conterminous with ) sImAne sparzatA evA arthamAM14 vaparAtA dekhAya che, tyAre e paNa spaSTa thAya che ke, Bordering countriesnI pelI pAra, tenuM svAmitva nahetuM paNa mAtra mitratA ja hatI, eve je arthe atyAre vidvAne karI rahyA che tema samajavuM rahetuM nathI. tenuM svAmitva te| satra hatuM ja, pachI tene Bordering outside the border ke game te nAma Ape, paraMtu rAjavahIvaTanI prathAmAM ja phera hatA eTalA pUratuM ja sUcana karavA mATe te zabdanI (14) jue pu. 2, pU. 308, 711 357, 358 sarvoparI viziSTatA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 189 vaparAza thayela che. A uparathI khIje sAra e paNa kADhI zakAya che ke, te samaye ekadama ceAkhkhI rIte nirmaLa rAjataMtragaNunI vyavasthA pracalita hAvAnuM paNa nathI TharI zakatuM, tema gaNataMtra rAjyapaddhatinA taddana nAza thaI gayA hatA ema paNa nathI kahI zakAtuM; matalaba ke kedrita ane akeMdrita rAjya vyavasthAnI vaccenA transitional period=gALA te samaye vartatA hateA. A pramANenI rAjavyavasthAnI aTapaTI gAThavaNA cAlatI hAvAne lIdhe, sAtamA jJAtakarinI sattA samasta dakSiNa hiMdanA dvIpakalpa upara cAlatI hatI, ema kahevAmAM paNa ApaNe satyathI bahu vegaLA javAnuM jokhama kheDatA nathI. tema peAtAnA sidhA kAmuvALA pradezanI daSTie ja melAya teA, dakSiNahiMdanA tribhrANInAnA mulaka, evA pAMDavA rAjyanA tathA anya nAnA cAlA rAjyane pradeza khAda karatAM, zeSa dakSiNahiMda upara tenA adhikAra hatA ema uccAravAmAM pazu kAMi khoTuM dekhAtuM nathI. tenuM nAma dakSiNaviMda uparanA tenA kANu mATe AgaLa paDatuM gaNAya ke nahIM te prazna bhale vivAdAspada rAkhIe chatAM, uttarahiMdamAM teNe je parAkrama karI batAvyuM che tevuM te eka paNa aMdhrapatinA phALe noMdhAyuM nathI; eTale teja tenA rAjyanI khAsa vizizrutA lekhI zakAze. te mATe nIcenA pArimA vAMce. AkhAye tavahana vaMzamAM lagabhaga trIseka rAjAe balke tethI paNa e cAranI saMkhyAmAM vadhAre-thayAnuM kahI zakAze. chatAM jemanI mahAparAkramIomAM gaNanA karI zakAya tevA teA svabhAvika rIte AMgaLAne Terave lekhAvI zakAya teTalA pAMca cha ja che. vaLI sAmAnya mAnyatA e che ke, jema kAi rAjAnuM zAsana lAMbuM tape, tema te vizeSa parAkramI saMbhave. A niyamAnusAra traNeka rAjA evA pAkayA che ke temanA zAsanakALa 50 varSanI hada paNa eLaMgI gayA che. chatAM kahevuM paDaze ke, te ane 35 tathA tenI TIkAo. sAparI viziSTatA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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190 ]. sarvoparI viziSTatA | [ ekAdazama khaMDa uparAMta traNacAra evA bhapALe paNa thavA pAmyA vALA gautamIputre tathA naM. 18 vALA rAjA hAle; che, ke jemano rAjyakALa bhale aDadhI sadInA karatAM uttara hidanA rAjakartA avaMtipatio evA pitAnA e balake aDadhA jeTale ja eTale pa sadInI mitro sAthe rahIne, yuddhamAM sakriya bhAga bhajavyuM che AsapAsa jarA vadhAre ke kamI-cAvyo che te paNa eTaluM ja nahIM paNa uttarahidamAM rAjamahemAna teonAM nAme, pelA pahelA vargamAM mUkyA che te mahA- tarIke rahI amuka samaya (pu. 3 mAM gardabhIla vaMzanI bhAgyazALIonAM karatAM, kAMI ochAM yazasvI ane hakIkata jAo) ArAma ane vaibhavamAM pasAra prabhAvazALI te nathI ja. temaNe paNa pitAnA vaMzane karyo che. tema vaLI ne. 25 vALA chatrapaNe te saurASTa ati ujajavaLa banAvavAmAM yathAzakti mALA arpaNa ane gujarAta jevA uttarahiMdanA prAMtamAM (Sa4ma karyo che ja. AvA pA sadI sudhI rAja bhagavatA paricchede lekha naM. 18) rAya paNa calAvyuM che, narezamAM, naM. 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJazrIne, naM. 17 chatAM upara darzAvela sAmAnya niyamane anusarIne vALA gautamIputra zAtakaraNi ariSTakarNane tathA naM. ApaNe kahevuM paDayuM che ke temane uttarahida sAthe 24 vALA gautamIputra zAtakaraNine ane naM. 25 vALA saMbaMdha nahato. jyAre A sAtamA zatakaraNie je vasiSThaputra chatrapaNuM zAtakaraNine, mukhyapaNe mUkI ke utarahidamAM rAjya paNa nathI karyuM, tema naM. 17 zakAze. paraMtu aDadhI sadIvALA je traNa nRpatioe ane 18 mAnI peThe rAjavaibhavamAM samaya 5sAra paNa pitAne zAsanakALa itihAsanA pAne amara karAvyo nathI karyo, chatAM tene uttara hiMda sAthe ati saMparkamAM che temanI viziSTatAo te judI ja bhAta pADI Avela lekho paDayo che; kAraNa ke teNe uttarahiMda batAvanArI dekhAya che. temAMnA pahelAnI-mallikazrI upara be be vakhata caDAI laI jaI, DolatI evI sAtakaraNinI-viziSTatAonuM varNana, uparamAM tenA maurya sAmrAjyanI-avaMtipatinI sattA sAme paDakAra jIvanavRttAMte AlekhAI gayuM che. trIjA ane chelA jhIlyo hato. eTaluM ja nahIM, paraMtu bIjI caDAI evA hAla zAlivAhananuM khyAna tenA vRttAMte lakhAze. veLAe te, koIe paNa itihAsamAM nathI karI jyAre vacalA ane bIjA evA zAtakaraNi sAtamAnuM batAvyuM tevuM karI batAvIne-je sattAdhIzane pote vRttAMta te atyAre tenA rAjya vize jyAre ApaNe khaDiyo hato te ja sattAdhIzane jItI laIne pitAne belI rahyA chIe tyAre ja kahevuM yathAsthAne gaNaze. khaMDiyA banAvI dIdhA hatA; uparAMta potAnuM sArva| sarva bhaNelAonI ane vidvAnonI e ja mAnyatA matva prajA pAse paNa kabUla karAvI lIdhuM hatuM : baMdhAyelI che ke AMdhrapatio eTale dakSiNahidanA ja ane A sarva vijayamALAnA mukuTamAM kIrtivaMta bhUpatio. temane uttarahiMda sAthe saMbaMdha ja na hoI jumAM umeravA, te khaDiyA nRpatine aMkuzamAM rAkhavA, zake. alabatta, keTaleka aMze A abhiprAya sakAraNa pitAnA saramukhatyArane-DictatorsenAdhipati che ja. sAmAnya rIte viMdhyAcaLa parvatane ja, uttara nImI dIdho hato. A prakArane vijaya meLavavAmAM ane dakSiNa hiMdanI sImA AMkatA lekhAya che; chatAM bhale tene bhUjAbaLarUpI parAkrama bahu pheravavuM paDayuM. tene oLaMgIne uttare Avela varADa ane madhyaprAMta na hoya, ke rAjaramatanI zetrajamAM kauzalya-paTutAna upara, jemanI sattA jAmI hoya tene paNa uttarahiMdanA vAparavI paDI na hoya, paraMtu mAtra saMgee ja zAsaka tarIke na lakhavAnI prathA paDI javAne lIdhe. yArI ApI hAya-are kahe ke-mAtra azva deDAvate ame paNa te ja nyAye A vAkya uccArIe chIe; ja nagara praveza karIne gAdI kabaje karI lIdhI hoya kemake ne. 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJathIne sattA pradeza chatAM, vijaya te vijaya ja kahevAya. kahevAno matalaba kAMIka uttarahidamAM thavA pAmyo hato chatAM tene e che ke teNe maurya samrATa-avaMtipati upara pitAnuM uttarahita svAmI nathI kahevAtA; temaja naM. 17 rAjakIya Adhipatya meLavyuM hatuM; ane je te sama Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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pata'jalI mahAzaya ane rAjA cAtakamaNi navama pariccheda 1 yatI rAjaprathAe, rAjya vyavasthAetene aTakAvyA na hAta tA menAne avaMtipati tarIke jAhera paNa karI dIdhA hAta. A prasaMga zuM hatA ane kevI rIte anavA pAmyA hatA, te sarva hakIkata. uparanA me pArAmAM-pR. 184 thI 190 sudhI lakhAI gaI che tyAMthI vAMcI levA vinaMti che. tenA rAjyanI khAsa sarvopara viziSTatA je gaNAya tevI che te tenI ati upara caDAI tathA vijaya arpatI yazagAthA lekhI rahe che. paMDita pataMjalInI eka rAjanItijJa tarIke ke mahAvidvAna tarIke je nAmanA pracalita thaI che temanA samaya zuMgavaMzI avaMtipatinA rAjapataMjalI mahArAya amale che tathA temaNe potAnuM ane rAjA jIvana temanA Azraye pasAra karela takarA hAvAthI temanuM sthAna paNa avaMti pradeza ja mukhya aMze gaNAya che. temaja A hakIkata ItihAsamAM eTalI badhI prasiddha thayelI che ke ApaNe temanuM jIvanavRttAMta te sthAne ja vizeSata: ALekhavuM paDayuM che. chatAM pu. 3 mAM temanA jIvana paricaya ApatAM hakIkata rASaI che ke, temanA janma dakSihiMdamAM, gAdAvarI nadInA mukhapradeza gaNAtA evA gAvaradhanasamayanA kAika gAme thayA hatA. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke, temanA kIrtikaLazanuM sthAna bhale uttaraviMdamAM hatuM, paraMtu udbhavasthaLa tA dakSiNahiMdamAM ja hatuM. uparAMta temanA rAjadvArI jIvananA temaja vidyAsaMganA AraMbha paNa dakSiNahiMdamAM ja thayA hatA ane te pazu A rAjA sAtamA zAtakaraNinA rAjya amaleja tathA tenA ja pASaNa ane prAtsAhanathI. A hakIkata eTalI badhI jANItI thai nathI eTale tene lagatuM varjuna tra hAtha dharavAnI jarUriyAta lAgI che. dharmakrAMti karavAmAM 5, pataMjalInA ane A rAjAne kevA sumeLa jAmyA hatA tenA ThIkaThIka citAra uparamAM (15) bemAMthI rAnta zAtAraNa mULe te jainadharmI hatA parantu kevA saMyeAgamAM teNe dharma palaTo karyA hatA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 191 ApaNe jaNAvI gayA chIe eTale carvitacUrNa karavAnI jarUra nathI. parantu eTaluM kahevuM Avazyaka che ke, je rAjkIya ane dhArmika krAMti karavAnuM ceTaka, A rAjA ane tenA purAhitane vaLagyuM hatuM te, te baMnenAM kAMika irSAkhAra temaja mahattvAkAMkSI svabhAvane anusarIne ja hatuM. irSAkhArI eTalA darajje kahI zakAya ke, mahArAjA priyadarzina, have sAbita karAyuM che tema eka custa jainadharmI rAjA hatA; vaLI rAjakunehathI teNe te dharmanA pracAra, pazcime 33 misara ane siriyA sudhI, uttare tibheTa, khATAna ane cinAI turkasthAna sudhI ane dakSiNe ke siMhaladvIpa sudhI karyA hatA. tema peAtAnA rAjaamala paNa evI ja zItathI calAvyA hatA ke rAjaprakaraNane dha`thI alagane alaga ja rAkhyuM gayA hatA. chatAM peAtAnI prajAne meoTA bhAga jainadharmane anusaratA khanI javA pAmyA hatA. sArAMza ke mahArAjA priyadarzinanI dharmaviSayaka temaja rAjakIya viSayaka nIti, ema banne, bhalabhalAne mana eka eraMbha-ukhiyANA samAna thai paDI hatI. eTale sa` krAne manamAM ema svabhAvika rIte ja thaI AvavuM che ke, ApaNA hAthamAM jo rAjyanI lagAma Ave te, ApaNe paNa kAM te ja pramANe zakti phAravI na zakIe te tenA jevA suyaza meLavI na laIe ? AvA prasaMga mahArAjA priyadarzinanA maraNu khAda tarata ja, A rAjA ane purAddhitanI joDIne sAMpaDI AvyeA hateA. A baMne1 5 vedAnuyAyI hatA. eTale priyadarzine jema jainadhama nA yA jaga AkArA karI batAvyA hatA, tema A vedAnuyAyI yugmane svadhA pracAra karI batAvavAnA kADa ugI Ave te svabhAvika che ane ugI AvyA paNa hatA ja. parantu kamanasIbe je kuneha priyazite vAparI hatI te te khatAvI na zakavAthI, suyaza bAMdhavAne badale keTalIka apakIrti temaNe vaheArI lIdhI hatI, A mATe te kAryane ApaNe jaMkhArI kahevI paDI che, chatAM rAjA tenuM varNana uparamAM apAI gayuM che. ahIM dharmapalaTA thayAM bAdanuM vaNaeNna che, eTale vedAnuyAyI hateA ema lakhyuM che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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19ra ] pataMjalI mahAzaya ane rAjA zAtakaraNi ekAdazama khaMDa zAtakaraNi mahAparAkramI hovAthI te sthiti jaLavI pitAnA manorathe ghaNe aMze amalamAM mUkAvI zakyA rAkhavAne zaktivaMta thayo hato, paNa tenuM maraNa tarata hatA, je ApaNe pu. 3mAM puSyamitra-agnimitranA nIpajyuM ane tenI gAdIe je AvyA che tevA prabhAva- vRttAMtathI jANI cUkayA chIe. zALI na hovAthI DhIlI derI mUkI ane prajAne yatheccha cAlavA dIdhI, eTale tyAM punaHzAMti sthapAI A pramANe dharmaviSayaka harIphAImAM mahArAjA gaI che. je ApaNe AgaLanA paricchede nihALIzuM. priyadarzinanI ane rAjakIya viSayanI harIkrAImAM 5. jyAre pataMjalI mahAzayane "hAryo jugArI bamaNuM rame" cANakyanI nItinI tulanA karavAmAM ane banI zake tenA jevo ja ghATa thayo hato; kemake eka bAju te banne viSayamAM temanA uparIpade birAjavA mATe zAtakaraNine gata thayA bAda, tenA pharajaMdanI prajAnI paMDita pataMjalie pitAnI sarva zakita upayogamAM laI, sAthe kaDaka hAthe kAma levAnI azakti pragaTa dekhAtI AkAza ane pAtALa eka karavAmAM bAkI rAkhI hatI eTale pitAnuM mana dhAryuM karI zakAya tema nahotuM. nahatI. paraMtu jeTalA pramANamAM temanAmAM zakti paraMtu bIjI bAju avaMtimAM potAnA sAgrIta puSya. ane utsAha bharyA hatAM, teTalA pramANamAM je kaneha mitrana era vizeSane vizeSa jAmatuM jatuM hatuM eTale ane dIrdhadaSTipaNe kAma levAnI paddhati akhatyAra tyAM potAnA khela vinAsaMkoce-bake tenI madadathI karI hatI, te atyAre temanA saghaLA prayAse je vizeSa prabaLatAthI khelI zakAze tevuM dekhAvAthI pitAno duniyAnI najare IrSyA ane adekhAiprerita dekhAI vasavATa temaNe tyAM pheravI nAMkhyo hato tathA teo gayA che, teNe ora ja svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM, heta. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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: N MY '( s dazama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra -(8) laMbedara (9) Apilika-Apilaka (10) ane Avi-A traNenA rAjaye keI sabaLa mudde nedhA jaDatuM na hovAthI traNenA ekatrita ApelAM vRttAMta (11) meghasvAti pahele-uparanA traNa ane A cothAnA rAjyakALa sudhI dakSiNanA darabAre rahI gayela vaidika dharmanI asara-vaLI jainAcArya kAlikasUrinA hAthe pratikAra thatAM, janama AgaLa tarI AvyuM hatuM tenuM daSTAMta sAthe Apela varNana-A graMthanA AlekhanamAM vAraMvAra dharmanA mahAsya upara varNana karela hevAthI, vidvAnoe lekhakane dhamadha ane svadharma pratye pakSapAti lekhela che; paraMtu te samayanA rAjAo dharmarakSA mATe kevA marI zaTatA hatA tathA te uparathI temanAM jIvane kevAM raMgAyelAM rahetAM. tene khyAla jayAMsudhI Ave nahIM tyAM sudhI, khare ItihAsa paNa aMdhArAmAM rahevA pAme-ane rahevA pAmyo ja che te sthitine zilAlekha vigerenAM daSTAMte sAthe Apela citAra-vaLI dharma zabdanA uccAra mAtrathI ja bhaDakI na jatAM, te samayanI ane vartamAnakALe karAtA tenA artha vaccenI manAI rahela, vyAkhyAne batAvela marma (12) sidAsa urphe saMghasvAti-na. agiyAramAnI peThe AnA rAjya paNa cAlela dhamayuddhane Apela khyAla-jethI kSaharATa nahapANa ane rANI baLazrInA putra tathA pautranA rAye ketarAyala lekhone maLI Avato ukela-tathA atyAra sudhI itihAsamAM thaI paTela vikRtine maLI Avate citAra (13) meghasvAti bIje (14) ane mRgeMdra-temaNe calAvela taTasthapaNe rAjyaamala (15) svAtikarNa-tenI rANI baLazrIne Apela paricaya; tathA teNI naM. 16, 17 ane 18 mA AMdhrapati sAthe puravAra karI Apela sagapaNa saMbaMdha-tathA purANIka ane jaina graMthomAMnI hakIkatothI ane purAvAthI, sAbita karI Apela ApaNAM anumAne tathA anya atihAsika ghaTanAo (16) dIpakarNa dIpakaNi-zAmATe teNe gAdI tyAga karyo hate tathA rANIbaLazrInAM lAgavaga ane prabhAvane lIdhe rAjyamAM kevA kevA prasaMge banavA pAmyA hatA, tenuM kAMIka ApeluM varNana 15

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14 ] lAdara, Apilika ane Avi [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) . nahotuM ema kahIe te cAle. naM. 10nuM rAjya I. sa. (8) laMdara (9) Apilika-Apilaka pU. 196-5 mAM AraMbhAyuM, tyAM sudhI vidarbha-virAraprAMta (10) ane Avi AkhAye AMdhrapatine tAbe ja hatA. pachI teNe kAMI naM. 7 sudhInAM rAjAonAM jIvana vize prakAza kAraNa ApyuM hoya ke te pradeza upara zAsana calAvatA pADavAmAM joke saMpUrNa te na ja kahI zakAya, chatAye tenA mahArathIe sUbAe kAMI kAraNa ApyuM hoya, paraMtu ThIkaThIka pramANamAM sAmagrI maLI AvI che jethI te avaMtipati rAjA agnimitrane yuddhamAM utaravAno prasaMga darekane chUTA pADIne ApaNe varNana karI batAvyuM che. ubho thayo hato. A kAraNe rAjakIya hevA karatAM 1 thI 1pa sadhInA A rAja badhI matabheda hovAnuM vizeSatA jaNAya che. A yuddhane aMte bahu ja juja mAhitI maLI AvatI hovAne lIdhe AMdhrapatine keTalAka pradeza gumAvavo paDe che uparAMta, kAIka ThekANe be ke traNane ekaThA paNa noMdhavA paDyA mAlavikA nAmanI kanyAne paNa lagnamAM devI paDI che che jyAre keTalAkane mAtra pAMcapaMdara lITImAM ja patAvI (A kanyA tenI ja hatI ke pelA mahArathInI, te cokkasa nAMkhavA paDyA che. A dhoraNane anusarIne naM.8, 9 thatuM nathI). A sivAya bIjo koI aitihAsika prasaMga ane 10 rAjAone ekatra rIte lIdhA che. ' noMdhavA yogya maLI AvatA nathI tethI temanAM vRttAMta temanA keI vize, jene khAsa mAhitI kahI zakAya baMdha karIe chIe. tevI prApta thatI nathI ja, paraMtu saMyogAnusAra-Ana (11) meghazyAti pahelo Sagika ekAda viSaya je maLI Avyo che, tenuM kAMIka kALa gaye, agnimitranI gAdIe tenA pautra vivecana karIzuM. na. nA rAje jaNAvI gayA chIe baLamitra-bhAnamitranAM rAjya pradipta thayAM hatAM. teo ke, uttarahiMdamAM zRMgavaMzI amalataLe tema ja dakSiNa paNa potAnA pitAmahanI peThe custa vaidikadhamAM hatA. hiMdamAM, zatavahanavaMzInI ANAmAM-hakumatamAM vaidika A bAju AMdhrapati tarIke medasvAti pahelo Avyo matane rAjadharma tarIke svIkAravAmAM Avyo hate. temAMye hato. te paNa kharuM kahIe to joke vaidikamatane ja zaMgavaMzIo pote ja brAhmaNakuLamAM janmela hovAthI pakSapAti hate. chatAM jainadharma pratye dveSadhArI nahote. temaNe te dharmane custapaNe vaLagI rahIne sArI rIte jema baLamitra bhAnumitrane saMyukta rAjakALa 30 AgaLa vadhAryo hate; jyAre AMdhrapatio pote varSano hato, tema A medhasvAtine rAjakALa paNa kSatriyotpanna gaNAtA hAine, temane potAnA pUrvajonA lagabhaga teTale ja dIrdha samayI balake vizeSa laMbAyala dharmane prathama darajaje mAna ApavuM rahetuM hatuM. temAMye hatuM. paraMtu medhasvAtinuM rAjyazAsana eka rIte vizeSa naM. 7 vALAe bhale parivartana karela hatuM, chatAM te paNa prabhAvavaMtu nIvaDayuM hatuM. kemake, baLamitra uphe eDvaka ane eka-bhale bahu najIka-pUrvaja to gaNAya ne (!) eTale bhAnumitra urphe bhAga-ba e saMyukta rAjya bhale 30 jema tenA tarapha pUjyabuddhi rAkhavAnuM Avazyaka gaNAya, varSa karyuM che, paraMtu prathaka rIte te darekane phALe paMdara paMdara tema vizeSa bhUtakALI pUrva pratye paNa mAnabuddhi te varSa ja kahI zakAze. vaLI teonA rAjya paMjAba taraphanI dharAvavI ja rahe; jethI atre varNavatAonI sthiti jarA sarahada taraphathI, 5radezIonA humalAne je pravAha Dhacupacu ne DAmADoLa jevI rahetI hatI, eTale teo satata cAlyo Avato hato tene lIdhe, temane ghaNokhare zuMgavaMzIonI peThe custa vaidikamatAnuyAyI nahatA. paraMtu samaya temanI sAthe yuddha karavAmAM ke tenI rUkAvaTa saMyogAnusAra te dharmapratye jema kheMcAye jatA hatA, tema karavAmAM ja vyatIta thaye jatA hatA. eTale temane rAjyanI jainadharmanI avagaNatA 5Na karI zakatA nahatA. pariNAma zAMti jALavI rAkhavAmAM samaya maLatI nahotI. vaLI e AvyuM hatuM ke uttarahiMdamAM dharmanimitte je kAMIka paradezIo sAthenA yuddhamAM joDAvAthI temanAM akALamRtyu damana calAvAye jatuM hatuM, temAMnuM dakSiNahiMdamAM kAMIe thavA pAmyAM hatAM. A sarva kAraNene laIne temane rAjaya

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dazama paricacheda ] lahara, Apilika ane Avi [ 195 kALa, prajA kalyANanI dRSTie zunyavata lekhIe to amarAvatI ke varaMguLamAM hovAnuM ApaNe jaNAvI lekhAya tevo hato. jyAM prajAkalyANa tarapha upekSAvRtti gayA chIe. kAlikasUri tyAM pahoMcyA. joke tyAM sevAtI rahetI hoya, tyAM prajAmAM dharma pracAra vize bahu rAjadharma tarIke vaidika dharma ja paLAto hato, paraMtu paDI hovAnuM mAnI levuM, te jarAka vadhAre paDatuM gaNAya. avaMtipatinI peThe custapaNuM nahotuM; tema prajA sAthe eTale agnimitra karatAM baLamitra-bhAnamitranA rAjya rAjya bahu ja ekhalAsabharyo vartAva calAvye jatuM vaidikamatane ochuM piSaNa maLyuM hatuM ema kahI hatuM; tema avaMtinI aDoaDa evuM bIjuM koI rAjya zakAze. parasta jyAre ApaNane kahevAmAM Ave che ke nahotuM ke tyAM jaI pate Azraya laI rahe; vaLI takSilAnA yona saradAra enTIolasidAse avaMti- AMdhrapatione mULa bApike dharma te jena ja hato. pati evA kAziputra bhAgarAjAnA dharma pratye sahAnubhUti AvAM anekavidha kAraNe vicAra karI-samayadharma darzAvavA, eka meTe sUpa, sAMcI-urjananI nagarIe oLakhI-temaNe dakSiNa tarapha ja vihAra karyo hato ne dAnamAM ubho karAvyo hato (5 3 pR. 111), tyAre pitAnuM zeSa mAsuM tyAM vyatIta karyuM hatuM. ApaNe mAnavAne kAraNe maLe che ke, rAjA bhAgane svadharma ahI AMdhrapatinA rAjanagaranuM nAma varaMguLa-amarApratye anupama mamatA hovI ja joIe. A hakIkatane vatI jaNAvyuM che, paraMtu jaina sAhityamAM (bha. bA. puSTi e uparathI pAchI maLe che ke, rAjA bhAge . bhA. pR. 187) "pratiSThAnapuramAM comAsuM rahevA pitAnA bhANeja baLabhAnane, potAnA mAmA kAlika gayA...tyAM zAlivAhana nAme rAjA rAjya karatA sarie jyAre jainadharmanI dikSA ApI tyAre krodhamAM hato." A pramANe zabdo che. atra jema zAlivAhana ne krodhamAM-banne pakSe, eka pakSe sago bhANeja ne bIjA rAjA hAlanuM nAma asaMgata che paraMtu zatavahanavaMzI. pakSe sage mAmo hovA chatAM, eTale ke banne pakSa rAjA samajavo rahe che, tema pratiSThAnapura te prasiddha paNe, tarapha samadaSTi keLavavAnI hovA chatAM, bhara mAse rAjanagara hatuM evA khyAlathI lakhAI gayuM samajavuM janasAdhuone vihAra karavAne niSedha karAya che jayAre kharI rIte te amarAvatI nagara lakhAvuM joie. evuM jANavAmAM AvyuM, chatAMe avaMtinI hada choDI je pramANe A kathAnuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che te devAno rAjahakama pharamAvyo hato. A kAlikasUri jaina- uparathI tathA te samayanA prAsaMgika anya vivecanathI. dharmanA eka mahAsamartha AcArya-yugapradhAna-te tenuM nAma aMtaraMjikA (juo AgaLa naM. 16 nA samaye gaNutA hatA temane yugapradhAna tarIke varNanamAM rANuM baLazrInI samakSa thayela vAdanuM varNana) samaya jainasAhitya pramANe ma. sa. 335thI 376 hovAnuM samajAya che. A nAma varaMguLa mATe vaparAyuM. I. sa. pU. 192thI 151=41 varSane gaNAya che. haze ke amarAvatInuM bIjuM nAma haze ke, varaMguLa yAM rAjahukama thayo tyAM tene mAna dIdhA sivAya amarAvatI vajIne keAI trIjI ja nagarI haze te eka chuTake ja nahIM. eTale kAlikasUrie lAcArIthI dakSiNa saMzodhanano viSaya che. amArU aMgata maMtavya e thAya tarapha prayANa kareluM. A samaye AMdhrapationuM rAja- che ke, amarAvatI nagarInuM paryAya vAcaka nAma aMtapATa paiThaNamAM na hovAne badale bennATaka prAMta, raMjikA hevuM joIe. tyAM sthiti karAyA bAda ekadA (1) kaikanA mata pramANe temano samaya 386-396 (3) chatAM bIjo prasaMga je ubho thayo che te vakhate sudhI paNa che. banavA joga che ke kadAca 376 ne badale te rAjA hAla zAlivAhananuM ja rAjaya cAlatuM hatuM. AvI temanA jIvanakALa 10-20 varSa vadhAre laMbAyo hoya ane rIte aneka banAvo ekanA samaye thayA hovA chatAM tethI A samaya noMdhavA paDa hoya. bIjAMnA rAjya thayAnuM nedhAI javAyuM che. (juo na (2) jue bha, bA, 3. bhA. 5. 187. 16nuM vRttAMta) Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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---- - - --- it is ka ka - - - - - dharmanuM mahatva ane graMthAlekhana [ ekAdazama khaMDa paryuSaNa nAme jainonuM mahAparva AvyuM tyAre rAjAe keTalAya bhAgane jainadharmamAM sthira karyo hato. A temanA pUchayuM ke "he svAmI, paryuSaNa parva kaye divasa karazuM! prayAsane, naM. 7 zAtakaraNi ane pachInA samaye thayela gurUe kahyuM, bhAdaravA sudi paMcamIne divase. bhUpatie dharmakrAMtinA pratyAghAta tarIke-action ane re pUchayuM. paMcamIne divase te ahi IMdramahatsava thAya -lekha hoya te paNa lekhI zakAze. rAjA meyasvAtinA che mATe je tenI (paMcamI) pahelAM ke pachI, paryuSaNa maraNa bAda teno putra saudAsa uke saMdhasvAti gAdIe mahotsava thAya te huM paNa te divase tapa-niyama- AvyuM che.. jinAlayamAM chava pramukha karAvuM. gurUe kahyuM. ApaNuM A graMthamAM I. sa. pU. 900 thI I. bhAdaravA zadi pAMcama pachI eka pahore paNa e sa. 100 sudhInA lagabhaga eka hajArathI agiyArase paSaNa utsava na thavo joIe, paNa te pahelAM varSano itihAsa ALekhyo che kara hoya te thAya. ASADha comAsAnA (ASADha dharmanuM mahatva ane te vakhatanI AryasaMskRti ane zuda pUnamathI) eka mAsa ne vIsa divasa (pacAsa graMthAlekhana atyAranI AryasaMskRtimAM mahAna divasa) vIte chata, paryuSaNa karavAnuM bhagavAne pharamAvyuM parivartana thaI gayuM che ema che. rAjAe AcAryane vacana mAnya karyuM. tyAre saue sarva keAI svIkAre che. jeno artha ema karI zakAya uttaravAraNa karyuM. sarva zrAvakee paNa AcAryane ke, te vakhatanI prajAnAM mAnasa, raheNIkaraNI, rojanA saMmata evuM saMvatsarI parva kAlikAcAryanI sAthe cothane AcAravicAra tathA sAMsArika vyavasthA ane jIvana trise kahyuM " kahevAnI matalaba e che ke kAlika vagere sarvanI paristhitimAM ati vipulapaNe kekAra sarinA upara pramANenA upadezathI, rAjA zatavahana thaI gayA che. pachI te pariNAma-parivartana, sudhArAmAM janadharmamAM daDha thayo tathA paryuSaNa parvanI ArAdhanA, ke kudhArAmAM, sukhamAM ke duHkhamAM, athavA sArAmAM te samaya sudhI je bhAdrapada zudi pAMcamanA divase ke naThArAmAM, ke sarva mizritapaNe thavA pAmyuM che, te. patI hatI te pheravIne bhAdrapada zadi 4nA divase te prazna bhinna che; paraMtu thayuM che eTale te nizcita che ja, nagaranA zrAvako sAthe teNe karI ane te bAda te Ama chatAM graMtha AlekhanamAM ame je kAMI dhAraNa pramANe karavAno rivAja pracalita thayo. A kAlika- ke paddhati grahaNa karI che tene kayAsa, mApa, mulyAMkana, sari evA jabaradasta gItArtha ane zAstra nipuNa vAcakavargane keTalAka bhAga, vartamAna kALanA dhoraNe karI hatA ke temanA jJAnanI cikitsA idradeve karI hatI nAMkhe che tethI amane apAze duHkha te thAya che ja. ane saMtuSTa paNa thayA hatA. A kAlikarie pavannA paraMtu tethI nirAzA sevI amAre amArA kAryamAM nAmanA AgamasUtranI racanA karela hovAthI jaina pAchI pAnI bharavI te yogya nathI lAgatuM. eka ItisaMpradAyamAM "payavajJAkAra" tarIke oLakhAyA che. vaLI hAsakAra tarIke amAre to pu ranA mukhapRSTha u5ra je samajAya che ke atyArasudhI punamiyA mahinAnI zleka TAMkI batAvyo che, tevI niSpakSapAta vRttithI ja gaNatrI thatI hatI je AgaLa jatAM, zakAri vikramA kAma levuM ghaTe che ane te ja pramANe lIdhe gayA chIe dityanA nAmano vikrama saMvatsara sthApita thatAM tenI khAtrI ApIe chIe. A bAbatanuM sUcana amAsAMta mahinAmAM pheravAI gayelI che. ame lagabhaga dareka pustakanI prastAvanAmAM karyuM te che upara nirdiSTa karAyela IsArAthI phalita thAya che ja, chatAM avAranavAra je TIkAo ane avalokanaThArA, ke I. sa. pu. 150 sudhI zatavahana vaMzIo vaidika. janatAnA vicAra jANavAnI amane taka maLI che temaja dhamAM rahyA haze. tyAra bAda ke te arasAmAM jainA. keTalAka vidvAnonA rUbarU paricayamAM AvatA temanA cAryanA upadezathI pAchA teo jainadharmAsakata banavA taraphanA udagAro zravaNa thavA pAmyA che, te uparathI pAmyA hatA. temaja A AcArya dakSiNanI prajAnA samajAya che ke, haju te gerasamajAti dUra karAvavAnI

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darAma pariccheda ] dharmanuM mahatva ane graMthAlekhana [ 17 AvazyaktA dekhAya che ja, nahIM te je zuddha AzayathI vavA pratye ja keMdrita banI rahetuM. temane mana, Arthika graMtha lakhavAne preraNA thaI che te mAryo javAnI lAbha ke parasparanA AcArAtpara bedamAMthI nIpajatA bhAti rahe che. jhagaDAo, te manuSyajIvana barabAda karavA mATe ke ene amAre bacAva karavA mATe A kathanane DhAla gumAvavArUpa gaNAtuM. eTale ja dravyasaMcaya karavA mATe tarIke maherabAnI karIne koI na leche, paraMtu jyAM vartamAnakALe jema manuSya dareka prakAranI yuktipravRti vastusthiti ja tevI dekhAtI hoya tyAM bicArA vApare che, tevA prakArane udyama sevavAmAMthI te kAja lekhakane deva zA mATe devo ghaTe? amArI khAtrI che. teo dUra ne dUra bhAgatA rahetA. teone mana, dharma ke, amArA sthAne anya koI heta te te paNa te ja e te eka amulya, virala ane durlabha vastu ja pramANe varNana karata. alabatta, zabda ane vAkaya lekhAtI. dharma rakSaNa mATe chaMdagInuM balidAna pay racanAmAM phera paDe, paNa tethI kAMI vastunuM svarUpa badalI tuccha lekhatA. sAmAnya manuSyanI paNa AvI manedazA januM te na ja gaNAya. amAre be muddA upara vAcaka jyAM rahelI hoya tyAM kSatricita bhUpationI dazAnI mahAzayanuM dhyAna doravuM rahe che. eka dharma zabdanI to vAta ja zI karavI ? teo svajIvana uparAMta, mahattvane aMge, ane bIjI jaina zabdanA arthane mATe potAnA rAjapATa ane sarvane paNa hAlamAM mUkI prathama dharma zabda laIe. te zabdanA gUDhArtha devAne tatparatA dAkhavatA. AvI sthitivALAne, ane rahasya vize kAMI paNa atra uccAravuM te ApaNuM vartamAnakALe karAtI dharmazabdanI vyAkhyAnA arthamAM kSetranI bahAra ja gaNAya. atra te ApaNe cetavaNI laI jaI, ApaNuM trAjavA-kATalAMthI taLavA besI rUpe eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke vartamAnakALe jema dharmane, jaIe, te pachI arthane anartha ja thAya ke bIjuM prajAnA eka bhAgane bIjA sAthe athaDAvI mAravAnA kaMI kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke, dharmazabdanuM mahattva kAryamAM, hathiyArarUpe upayogamAM levAya che tevA bhAvamAM atyAre pravartI rahelI mane dazAthI AMkavAnuM nathI ja te samaye teno upayoga ja thato nahoto. eTale kemI, ane je ATaluM samajAze te. te vakhatanA rAjavIe bhedabhAva ke uzkeraNInA rUpamAM tene kadApI lekhAte potAnA dAnapatro, ane zilAlekhomAM je kAMI dAna detAke nahoto. atyAre sava kAryanuM mUlyAMkana, Athika zabdono ullekha karatA, tene marma tarata spaSTagaNutrie aMkAtuM hovAthI, dareke dareka vastunI kiMmata paNe samajI javAze; tathA yuddho khelavAmAM paNa, tenA rUpiyA AnA pAIne hisAbe ja mUkAya che; ane jema nimittarUpa dhananI ane yazanI teone lupatA hatI ke eka vastunI kiMmata vizeSa rUpiyAmAM aMkAya tema temAM kevaLa dharmarakSaNanI bhAvanA ja rahelI hatI tenI upayogitAnuM dhoraNa vizeSapaNe lekhAtuM rahe che. te paNa ApoApa samajI zakAze. sikkAcihane A badhI adhibhautika dazA sUcave che. te Aloka paNa A vAtanI puSTi pUre che. paricacheda pAMca jIvananI ehika manavRttinI parAkASTA sUcave che. ane chamAM varNavelAM sarva zilAlekho paNa te ja jyAre prAcIna samaye dharmane, Aloka jIvana sAthe vAtanI sAkSIrUpe dekhAze. te ja pramANe, ame paNa jo aMtaraMga saMbaMdha nahoto lekhAte. tene te vizeSapaNe vastusthitine yathArtha citAra na ApIe te eka 5ralekajIvana sAthe, tenA utkarSa-apakarSanA kAraNabhUta itihAsakAra tarIke ame paNa amArI pharaja adA lekhI anusaravAnuM lekhAtuM ke jethI mANasanuM A karavAmAM pazcAta rahI gayA gaNAIzuM. ane tethI ja saMsAranuM AkhuM jIvana, jema bane tema AtmakalyANanA vAraMvAra, temanI dhArmikavRttine pratibibata karavAne mArgarUpe vahe, tathA jene saMgoe yArI ApI hoya amAre Azraya levo paDe che, nahIM ke koI teo sAthe sAthe paramArtha paNa karyuM jAya. paraMtu sarvane anya AzayathI. lakSyabiMdu sva temaja paranA AtmAne uccagAmI banA- dharmazabdanuM mahatva samajAvyA bAda have, jaina

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198 ] [ ekAdazama khaDa zabdanA artha kAMIka aMze samajAvIzuM. jainazabda, jI=jItavuM, uparathI yeAjAyA che. jeNe jIta meLavI che tene jIna kahevAya ane je jInane anusare te jaina kahevAya. A pramANe tenA vyutpatti artha cAya che. ATale dara sarvasaMmata hakIkata che. paNu jIta zenI ? zA mATe? kaiAnI upara tene yathArtha na samajavAthI gerasamajUti ubhI thAya che. A khAkhatanA khulAsA kiMcidaMze ApavA prayatna karIe. kAnI upara ? duzmana upara; zA mATe ? AtmakalyANa mATe; AtmAnA jAya che, ke darekedareka mANase jaina thavAne prayatnazIla khanavuM ja joIe; je jeTale darajje peAtAnA aMtaranA duzmaneAne haNI zake, teTale darajje te jaina thayA kahevAya. jainane kAI jJAti, vaNuM, ke AjIvikAnuM sAdhana meLavatAM sAdhana jevA, kRtrimabhedanuM baMdhana paravaDI zake ja nahIM. uparanI vyAkhyA tA, jJAtiparatve vANiyA, brAhmaNa, nAgara, khristi, I.; ke, vadhu paratve kSatriya, zudra, vaizya, I. i,; ke AjIvikA prAptinA bheda jevA ke, mecI, kuMbhAra, telI, bhaMgI ke khATakI I. I. bhedone, jaina utkarSa mATe zaeNnI jIta ? ciyArathaDe meLavelI nahIM,anavAne kAI prakaranI aTakAyata mUkatA ja nathI; tema vartamAnakALe upasthita thaI gayela dharmabhedI mATe paNa, jaina zabdane kharI rIte lAgatuMvaLagatuM nathI. temAM tA vaidikadharmInuyAyI paNa AvI zake che. eka musalamAna baMdhu paNa AvI zake che, temaja pArasI bhAIonA, khristIbaMdhunA, samAjIsTanA, zikhanA, kabIrapaMthIneA, rAmAnujamanA, liMgAyatane I. I. sarva kAine paNa samAveza thaI zake che. matalakha ke jaina zabdane, duniyAdArInA vyavahArane aMge tathA samAja vyavasthAne aMge, je kRtrima bheda pAchaLathI ubhA thavA pAmyA che, temAMnA krAinI sAthe saMbaMdha che ja nahIM. tene kevaLa aMtarAtmA, aMtaranI Urmi, manuSyanI maneAvRtti, hRdayanA bhAva i. sAthe ja saMbaMdha che.samrATa priyadarzinanA zilAlekhAne, staMbhalekhAne paNa uMDANamAM utarIne nihALIzuM te| amArA A kathananA marma tarata samajI javAze. eTale ja te sarvane, jema vizvabaMdhutvanI bhAvanA pragaTa karatA lekhavAmAM Ave che--AvyA che, tema jainadharma vAstavikarIte te sakaLa vizvamAM, pachI te manuSya, daiva, nArI ke tiryaMca, (jenA bhedya pazu, pakSI Adi kahI zakAya che) ceAnine jIva hoya, athavA sAmAjIka vyavasthAne aMge, zeTha ke tAkara hAya, pati ke patnI hAya, rAjA ke gulAma hAya, ke te prakAranA aneka bhedamAMnA kAI hAya, te paNa te sarve pratye, baMdhutvanI bhAvanA pASavAne ja nirdeza che, paraMtu kevaLa te zabdane artha, vartamAnakALe jema amuka prakAranA AcAra AcaranArane ja ke tevA mAbApane peTe janma dhAraNa karavAne lIdhe ja tene jaina lekhavAmAM Ave che tema saMkucita arthamAM jJApi dharmanuM mahattva ane mathAlekhana paraMtu kharA aMtaHkaraNanI, ane mananA saMyamavaDe meLavelI jIta; kemake hathiyAravaDe jIta meLavavAmAM te hiMsA pradhAnapaNe rahelI che, jyAre mana upara saMyama rAkhIne jIta meLavavAmAM kaSAyeAnA nigraha keLavAya che. tema ja duzmana eTale kAMi dekhItA duzmanA nahIM ke je lAkaDI, lAThI, talavAra, baMduka laIne sAmA dhasI AvI ApaNe dekhIe tema ApaNI sAme dhA karI zake che; paraMtu AtmAnA duzmane, ke jemanI saMgatithI AtmA peAtAnI uccagati sAdhI zakatA nathI; peAtAnA--nija svarUpamAM ramaNu karI zakatA nathI. arthAt je duzmane tene bAdhaka thaI aTakAva nAMkhyA kare che--jevA ke, IrSyA, verajhera, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lAbha, matsara, ityAdi kAyA; ke je vyavahAramAM vyabhicAra, cerIcapATI, haMgephrisAda i. i. rUpe pragaTapaNe dekhA daI rahyA che. A badhA aMtaranA duzmane kahevAya che. bAhiranA duzmAne haNavAmAM--te upara jIta meLavavAmAM--tA hiMsAnA Azraya levA paDe che, jyAre aMtaranA duzmanane khAkharA karI, chata meLavavAmAM ke saMpUrNapaNe haNavAmAM, AtmasaMyama keLavavo rahe che ane temAM jarAye hiMsAne sthAna rahetuM nathI. matalaba ke bahAranA duzmaneAne DhavAnuM kArya hiMsAmaya che jyAre aMtaranA zatrune haNavAnuM kArya taddana ahiMsAmaya che. A varUpamAM je jIna ane jainane kharA artha samajavAmAM Ave teA, je anartha ke gerasamajUti ubhI thavA pAme che te Ape|Apa nirmULa thai jaze, upara pramANe artha svIkAratAM, te pazu spaSTapaNe te svayaMsiddha thaI

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dazama pariccheda ] saudAsa u saMghasvAti [ 199 prAcIna samaye vAparavAmAM Avato ja naha. jema A pramANe dharma ane jaina zabdanuM mahAtma samaA pArigrAphanI AdimAM AryasaMskRtinI thaI paDelI javAthI, khAtrI rAkhuM chuM ke vAcakavarga, meM jona mAbApane avadazAnuM sUcana karavAmAM AvyuM che, tema A banne pake janma lIdhe hevAthI, huM vartamAnakALe jaina kahevarAvI zabdanI paNa dazA thaI paDI che ema ja samajavuM rahe che. zakuM chuM, tethI meM jainadharmane pakSapAta karIne jyAM ne - eka bIjI paristhiti paNa cekhavaTa mAMgI le tyAM tenA guNagAna gAyAM karyo che tevuM dhArI na bese. che. jyAre jyAre ema jAhera karavAmAM Ave che. amuka itihAsa AlekhanamAM pakSapAta karavo poSAya ja nahIM. rAjA ke vyakti jainamatAnuyAyI hatA, tyAre tyAre kaie ane jo karavAmAM Ave to te udhADa paDI jaIne ema samajI levuM nahIM, ke te anyamata mATe tiraskAra aMte beAbarUne pAme che. dharAvate ho athavA te vAcakavargamAM ame tevI buddhi (12) saudAsa uphe saMghasvAti utpanna karavA te zabdo vAparyA che. kharI rIte te mesvAti bAda tene putra saudAsa urphe saMdhasvAti atyAranI peThe, te samaye ATalA badhA vADA ane AMdhrapati thayo che. tenA rAjakALa daramiyAna vizeSa dharmanA bhedo hatA ja nahIM. eTale jyAM "4 rAtti banAvo banyA hovAnuM noMdhAyuM nathI. mAtra je ekAda be lukata rANA"nI ukti pramANe dharma pratye abhAva ke banyAnuM samajAyuM che tenI hakIkata jaNAvIzuM. te ghaNA upajAvavAnA vicArane sthAna ja rahetuM nathI. keTalI uMmarane gAdie beThA hatA tene ulekhe maLatA tema, vaidika dharma ane jainadharma evA zabdo vAparavAmAM nathI. paNa anumAna karI zakAya che ke, te AdheDavayanaAvyA hoya te paNa, tenA sarva AcAra vicAranA bheda 40 uparane huM joIe. naM. 8, 9 ane 10no darzAvavA mATe vaparAya che ema samajavAnuM nathI. tevA rAjAonA rAjyakALa zAMtithI pasAra thayA gaNI zakAya; bheda varNavavAnuM kAma itihAsakAranuM hoI zake ja nahIM. tema ja te veLAnA mAnavIonAM AyuSya sAmAnya rIte te tenA viSayathI para che. vaLI vaidika dharmanA aneka tapa, zAMtimAM jIvana gaLAyuM hoya te, 60-70 varSa hovAnuM ja5, saMdhyA sAmagrI ane vidhividhAnomAM paNa mane to dekhAya che, eTale A rAjAo moTI uMmare gAdIe vRtti upara saMyama keLavavAnuM hoya che ja, jeno samAveza beThA hovAnuM ane tema chatAMye teoe sAmAnya rIte jainadharmamAM paNa thai zake che ja; (uparamAM ApaNe 12 thI 18 jeTalAM varSa rAjya bhagavyAnuM dhArI zakAya jaNAvI gayA chIe tema). eTale khAtrI thaze ke vaidika. che. te ja niyama naM. 11 vALo medasvAti 5NuM dharmanI mahattA ochI AMkavAnI ke tenI kaI rIte AdheDavaye bhUpati banavA pAmyo hoya ane tenuM rAjya avagaNanA karavAnI nema hoI zake ja nahI. kevaLa 38 varSa jeTalo lAMbo kALa cAlyuM hoya chatAMye naM. 12 eTaluM ja dhAravAnuM che ke, jyAM vaidika dharmano ullekha vALo bhUpati jyAre gAdIe Avyo tyAre, tenA pitA karAyo hoya tyAM tenI keTalIka kriyAo, jevI ke karatAM paNa umare mATe ja hA joIe. vaLI A naM. azvameghayajJa I. I. jemAM hiMsApradhAna sthiti 12nuM rAjya pAchuM 29 varSa jeTaluM ThIkaThIka laMbAyuM che. pravartamAna hoya che te sthiti sUcavato ja te zabda- eTale teno putra naM. 13 gAdIe Avyo hoya tyAre prayoga karAyo hovAnuM samajavAno che. chatAM amAre te naM. 12 karatAM uparanA niyame vizeSa vRddha thaI gayo hovo "jaina" zabda vAparavAne paNa Agraha nathI. te zabdathI joIe. A pramANe mAtra kalpanA ja karavI rahe che. koI paNa prakAranI gerasamajAti ke anartha ubhAM thatAM kAI pramANabhUta purAvo nathI maLatuM, paraMtu naM. 10nuM hoya te, te jagyAe te bhAvane saMpUrNapaNe samajAvI rAjya je kevaLa traNeka varSa cAlyuM hovAnuM teMdhAyuM che zake te anya koI zabda vAparavAnI sUcanA karavAmAM tathA tenA jIvanamAM je mahAna rAjakIya prasaMga banavA Ave to, te pramANe sudhAro karavAne paNa dareka paLe pAmyo che tenuM samIkaraNa karavAmAM Ave che, tyAre upara taiyAra ja chIe. dorelA ApaNuM anumAnane puSTi maLI rahe che. eTale

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saudAsa ` sathavAti 207 ] kArelA anumAnamAM kAMika satya svIkAravuM rahe che. naM. 15nA samaya i. sa. pU. 145 thI 116= varSanA TharAvavA paDayA che. jyAre avaMtipati nahapAnA samaya I. sa. pU. 114 thI 74nA TharAvAyA che. tema zilAlekha naM. 31 thI 35 (jIe pariccheda 5 ane 6)thI mAhitI maLe che ke, kSaharATa nahupAzunI vatI tenA jamAI DhAka rUSavadAte, nAsika-kAle-kanherIvALA gAdAvarInadInA mULavALA geAvaradhana prAMtamAM, AMdhrapati upara keTalIka chate| meLavI che. A yuddhanA samaya, madhya dezAdhipati bhramaka kSaharATanA aMta ane (jIe pu. 3, pR. 141nI sAmenuM patraka) nahapANunA rAjyanI Aphrine che; vaLI naM. 12vALA AMdhrapatinA rAjyanA aMtane samaya paNa teja che. A vakhate tenI uMmara, upara lakhI gayA pramANe ati vRddha thaI gaI hAvI joie. eTale anumAna thAya che ke, vRddhapaNAne lIdhe paNa tene zikasta khAvI paDI heAya. atyAre tA rAjAone peAtAne, yuddhanA medAne utaravuM nathI paDatuM, paraMtu te kALe, te niyama pramANe hatuM ke kema te kahI zakAtuM nathI. jo krU rUSabhadate tenA sasarA nahapANu taraphathI, temaja pradhAna yame tenA rAjA nahapANu taraphathI, temaja sUbA zyAmake, rAjA gautamIputra zAtakaraNa taraphathI, laDAImAM pATha bhajabhAnuM noMdhAyuM che; paraMtu tethI sarvathA evA niyama nathI z2a karI zakAtA ke rAjA pAte paNa sainyanI dAravaNI phAI kALe nahAtA ja karatA. ulaTa evAM paNa dRSTAMte maLI Ave che ke, jyAM khuda rAjA ke tenA yuvarAja meAkhare rahIne ghUmyA hAya. vaLI eka khIjI sthitinA dmAkSa karaveA paNa atra Avazyaka che. hapANu ane vadatta A pradeza upara je car3hAi lai AvyA che temAM mAtra rAjakIya hetu samAyelA nahAtA; eTaleke kevaLa rAjya vistAranI dRSTi ja temAM rahI nahotI. paraMtu hakIkata ema che ke, trirazmi parvatavALA A saMpAte vistAra, tenA dharmanuM eka pavitra tIrthadhAma hatuM (jIe lekha naM. 17 tathA TIkAe khAsa karIne naM. 25). vaLI ApaNe pUravAra karI gayA chIe ke, kSaharATa prajAne, pANanA tathA zaka prajAneA-rUSabhadatta Adine (juo [ ekAdazama kheta pu. 3, temanAM vRttAMto) dharma jaina hatA. uparAMta A pArvatIya pradezane rathAvata-kSanAmathI oLakhavAmAM Avye che (jIe zilAlekha naM. 13). eTale svabhAvika che ke, jyAre nahapANu pAte Ave jabaradasta rAjavI banyA che tathA avaMtipati thayela hAvAthI sarva bhAratamAM avala darajjAnA bhUpAla lekhAya che tyAre, temaja jyAre te samayanA dareka kSatriya rAjavIne dharmarakSaNanI ke dharmAMnnatinI vAta teA jIvananA eka mahAna lahAvArUpa thaI paDelI gaNAya che tyAre te pAte paNa svadharma tIrthane peAtAnI sattAmAM meLavavAne kAI jAtanA prayatnanI uNupa na ja rahevA de te samajI zakAya tevuM che. te AzayathI ja (jIe pu. 3, pR. 217) A yuddho vizeSataH AdaravAmAM AvyA hatA; te pratipakSe, te vakhataneA sattArUDha AMdhrapati peAte paNa, jo ke tenA ja svadharmI hatA. parantu te vaMzanA pUrva rAjavIoe dharmaparivartana karI vALyuM hatuM, eTale tevA saMjogA kadAca punaHrUpasthita Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat thAya, teA tIrthadhAmane sahana karavuM paDe tenA karatAM kAM peAtAnA rAjyamAM te pradeza na bheLavI devA, evA vicAra manamAM dharAvatA hatA, eTale jema nahapANunA Azaya svatIrtha svasattAmAM meLavI levAnA hatA, tema pratipakSe rAjA saudAsa AMdhrapatinA Azaya paNa svatIryanA rakSaNanA hatA. dharmatI anyate tAkhe hAya, tApaNa kSatriyeA peAtAnI sattAmAM levAne jyAre svadharma' lekhe che tyAre ahIM teA dhama tIrthane peAtAnI sattAmAMthI sarI jatuM aTakAvavAnuM ja hatuM. eTale yuddhamAM caDavAnuM kArya AMdhrapatie, prathamathI ja / hArajevuM dekhAtAM pAchaLathI paNa, peAtAnA zIra upara upADI lIdhuM haiAya te zakaya che, tema nahapANe pAte pazu, peAtAnA yuvarAja jevA jamAIne ja te caDhAInuM kAae sAMpela che. A pramANe anne pakSe rAjavI ja, nahIM ke sainyapatinA upara sabhAra mUkI daine, medAne paDyA hatA. temaja yuddhanA pariNAme jIta meLavIne vijaya meLavanAra pakSe, je prakAre dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata lekhamAM kAtarAvI che te paNa ApaNA kathanane vizeSa samarthana Ape che. eTale A sarva www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dazama pariccheda ] meghasvAti bIjo tathA sugadra [ 201 paristhiti vicAratAM, rAjA sAdAse pAte ja yuddhamAM Ame nIpajavA pAmyuM hatuM te nakkI kahI zakAtuM nathI. tenA maraNa pAmavAthI tenI gAdIe tenA putra mRgeMdra AvyA che. bhAga lIdhA hAya ane laDatAM laDatAM, hAra khAdhI hAya ke tenuM maraNu nIpajavA jevuM vadhAre mAThuM paNa khanI javA pAmyuM hAya--game te saMyeAgA ubhA thayA hAyaparantu arasAmAM tenuM maraNa thavAthI tenI gAdIe tene putra medhasvAti khIjo AvyA dekhAya che. ane rAjakIya dRSTie thADIka ja jamIna gumAvI hatI chatAM dharmAMtIrtha gumAvyAnA A banAva vizeSa kalaMkarUpa lekhAvAyA che. A jItathI bahubahu te napANune tAe zeADAka ceArasa mAilanA ja vistAra javA pAmyA. gaNAze. vaLI vidvAnanuM je mAnavuM thAya che ke, A jItathI AMdhrapatine peAtAnuM rAjanagara tyajI devA jevI nAlezI vahArI levI paDI hatI te te mAtra kalpanA ja che; je ApaNe zilAlekhI pUrAvAthI pUravAra karI ApyuM che. matalaba ke kalaMka lAgyuM che te cokkasa che paraMtu tenA kAraNarUpe je kalpanA khaDI karAI che te kapALakalpita ja che; kemake rAjapATa te TheTha naM. 4thA jJAtakaraNanA samayathI mennAkaTaka nagare ja sthApita thaI cUkayuM hatuM. A sivAya anya kAi anAva tenA rAjyakALe banyA hAvAnuM jaNAyuM na heAvAthI tenA putra svAti khIjAnuM varNana karIzuM. (13) meghavAti bIje (14) mRgendra tene samaya ApaNe I. sa. pU. 113 thI 92 sudhInA 21 varSane TharAvyA che. A AkhAye samaya avaMtinI gAdIe, nahapANunuM rAjatva jhaLakI rahyuM hatuM. A nahapANe gAdIe AvatAMveta 'rAja'pada dhAraNa karIne je svadharma tIrthanuM Adhipatya meLavI levAnI IcchA jAgRta thayelI te taratamAM pUrI karI nAMkhI hatI. te bAda vizeSa bhUmi meLavavAnI icchA karI naheAtI. temaja tAjetaramAM avaMti jItI lIdhela heAvAthI, te pradezamAM ja eTaluM badhuM kAma paDayuM hatuM ke temAMthI purasada meLavavA jevA samaya paNa rahyo nahAtA. A e kAraNane lIdhe, teNe AMdhrapatinI bhUminI bhItaramAM pravezavAnuM cheADI dIdhuM hatuM. eTale AMdhrapatine uttara dizA taraphathI nizciMtatA maLI gaI hatI. tema peAtAnA rAjyamAMthI, pazcime je thADA pradeza--govaradhana samayavALA bhAgakamI thaI gayA hatA, te sivAya dariyAsudhI te khAjI, ke pUrva bhAjI, kAi anya rAjasattA naheAtI ke te taraphathI meSa-humalA AvavAnI tene khIka rAkhavI paDe. tema dakSiNamAM paNa kAi tene raMjADe tevuM nahAtuM ja, kemake tyAMnAM nAnAM nAnAM rAjyA teA peAtAnA tAbAmAM ja hatAM. chatAMye jo temAMnuM kAi svataMtrapaNe vartatuM hoya tAya temAMnA kAinI tAkAta naheAtI ke evaDA moTA rAjyanA svAmI upara caDAI kaMI javAnI hiMmata kare. A pramANe cAre dizAethI humalA AvavAnA bhaya nirmULa thayela heAvAthI, teNe zAMtipUrvaka ja rAjya calAvyuM lAge che. eTale kAI khIjo mahatvanA anAva na banyA haiAya tyAMsudhI tenA vize noMdhavAnuM kAMi rahetuM nathI. tenA rAjyanA aMta i. sa. pU. 92 mAM nIpajatAM tenI gAdIe tenA putra svAtikarNa AvyA samajAya che. naM. 12nA varNanamAM jaNAvyA pramANe te peAtAnA pitAnI gAdIe beThA tyAre temanA karatAM paNa vizeSa umaraneA hateA. eTale dhArI zakAya che ke lagabhaga pa0nI @'mare paheAMcyA haze. A sthitinA lAbha lai, nahapANunA jamAI rUSabhadAte atyAra pUrve nAsika jIllAnAM keTalAMka tIdhAmeA meLavavAnuM je khAkI rAkhyuM hatuM te kAma jevA nahapANa avaMtipati banyA ke bIjA ja varase, tenA pradhAna athavA sUbA ayame upADayuM hatuM. (. sa. pU. 113.) ane lekha naM. 35mAM jaNAvyA pramANe te pradeza nahapANanA rAjyamAM umerI devAmAM AvyA. medhasvAtinuM maraNa te bAda taratamAM nIpajyuM che; pachI te laDAImAM laDatAM laDatAM nIpajyuM hatuM ke hArathI lAgela AdhAte tenI vRddhAvasthA upara kAtila phrUTakA lAgavAnA pari 26 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (15) svAtika zAMtakaraNa rAjAonA itihAsanA nirUpaNamAM je keTalAka zilAlekha ane sikkAo upayeAgI nivaDyA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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202 ]. rANI baLathI tathA tenA putra-pautrane paricaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa che temAM rANI nAganikA ane rANI baLazrInA hato. ATaluM jANuM lIdhA pachI e tapAsavAnuM rahe nAmavALAe bahu agatyane bhAga che ke, A naM. 15ne, ane tenI pachI AvanAra naM. 16 rANI baLezrI tathA pUrAvyuM che. temAMnA rANI ne, rANI baLathI sAthe zuM sagapaNa saMbaMdha hato e tenA putra-pautrane nAganikAnA nAma sAthe sAbIta karI zakAya. eTale naM. 15 thI 18 sudhInA paricaya yukta thayelane paricaya, ApaNe rAjAonAM paraspara sagapaNa vize paNa ghaTasphoTa thaI naM. 2, 3, 4 ane 5 gayo kahevAze; tathA rANI baLazrIe ketarAvela zilArAjAonAM vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate karAvI gayA lekhamAMnI kaI hakIkata kene lAgu pADI zakAya che te chIe. have rANI baLazrInA zilAlekhono paricaya paNa svayaMsiddha thaI jaze. karAvavAne avasara najIka AvI pahoMcyo che ema naM. 15 thI 18 sudhInA paraspara saMbaMdha vicAravAne amAruM mAnavuM thAya che. paraMtu tenI oLakha ApatAM Adhunika itihAsamAMthI te kaI sAmagrI labhya thatI pahelAM, te pitAne gautamIputranI mA ane vAsiSThaputranI nathI dekhAtI. paraMtu paurANika graMthane AdhAre, amadAdAdI tarIke je oLakhAvyA kare che tathA banne jaNA vAdanI dhI gujarAta varnAkayulara sosAiTI taraphathI pragaTa eka pachI eka gAdIe beThA hovAnuM temAM jaNAve thatA "buddhiprakAza' nAme sAmayikamAM, pu. 81, aMka 1 che, te te bane rAjavIonuM sthAna kayAM che, te ApaNe mAM pR. 48 thI 55 sudhI zrIyuta dhanAlola caMdulAla nakkI karavuM Avazyaka che. A samaya pUrve jema, tevI munazIjIe " pazcima bhAratavarSanA zaka kSatrapa" nAmane nAmadhArI vyaktio thaI gaI che tema have pachI paNa thaI -zirSakano eka lekha lakhyo che. temAMthI upayogI che; pR. 39-43 upara ApelI nAmAvaLI uparathI samajI keTalAka muddA tAravI zakAya che. lekha te zaka* zakAya che ke, have pachImAM tevAM cAra joDakAMo gAdI kSatrapane AzrayIne lakhAyo che ane temAMnA vicAre upara besavAne bhAgyazALI thayAM che. naM. 17, 18 vALuM, adhapi je keTalAMka vidhAna A kSatra ane zaka 1. 24, 26 vALuM, na. 26, 27 vALuM ane naM. 28, prajAne aMge pracalita thai rahyAM che tene anulakSIne 29 vALuM. A cAramAMthI kayuM joDakuM, rANI baLazrInA vivAda sAthe potAnA vicAre anumAnarUpe jaNAvAyA putra-pautravALuM gaNavuM joie te ApaNe prathama nakkI che paraMtu te sarva sAthe ApaNane nisabata nathI. vaLI karI vALavuM joIe. atyAre naM. 15nA rAjAnuM temAMnA keTalAka, kayAM kayAM sudhAravA yogya che te have varNana karI rahyA chIe. jyAre te cAre joDakAMmAM A pUrvenA cAra vibhAganA jJAnathI vAcakavargane samajI joDAyelAno naMbara che, tenA karatAM vizeSa che. eTale zakAya tevA paNa che; eTale tene AgaLa lAvavAnI temane vize jyAre kAMika mAhitI dharAvatA thaI jaIe jarUriyAta jaNAtI nathI. paraMtu je kAMI vizeSa tyAre ja kahI zakAya ke, rANI baLIne putra-pautra prakAza pADe tevuM lakhAyuM che, teTalAnAM avataraNa koNa hatA. tethI sArA mArga e che ke, teno nirNaya tarIke ane te paNa tenA sArarUpe ja atre prathama karavAnuM kArya AgaLa upara mulatavI rAkhavuM. ane atra TAMkI batAvIzuM ane te bAda te upara dhaTatuM vivecana te nirNaya grahaNa karIne jANI laIne-AgaLa vadhavAne karI temAMthI zuM satya che te ApaNe tAravI laIzuM. AraMbha karI de. eTale jaNAvavAnuM ke naM. 17 vALe (1) (buddhiprakAza, pR. 51mAM lakhyuM che ke - baLazrIne putra ane naM. 18 vALe tene pautra thate "vikramAditya nAmane rAjA hate...e rAjA zAtavAna (4) zAtavAhana ke sAtavahana nAma to ghaNe ThekANe maLI kahIe te cAle, lekhake tema karavAnuM kAraNa raju karyuM hota Ave che, te upara prathama paricchede ApaNe carcA paNa karI te ati upayogI thAta. hastaSa thae te lAgatuM nathI ja che, paraMtu "sAtavahAna' zabda te aparicita ja che ema kemake te zabda vAraMvAra temaNe vAparyo che, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rANI maLazrI tathA tenA putra-pAtranA paricaya darAma pariccheda ] vazanA hatA. vikramAdityanA pitAnuM nAma mahendra hatuM, enA putranuM nAma kuMtala hatuM. sAmadeva (kathAsarita sAgaranA kartA)ne vikramAditya, te kuMtala zAtakaraNa ane purANamAMnA mahendra banne eka ja lAge che, (brahmAMDapurANu). kuMtalanI paTarANI malayadezanI rAjakanyA malayavatI hatI,'---- sAra:--mahendranA putra vikramAditya ane temA putra kuMtala; ane tenI aneka rANIomAMnI paTarANInuM nAma malayavatI. jyAre brahmAMDupurANanA AdhAre semadevanuM mAnavuM ema che ke, A traNe vyaktio-vicAre mahendra, vikramAditya ane kuMtala-eka ja che. (ra) AgaLa jatAM rAjAkuMtalanA samaye kavi guNADhaya nAmanA je graMthakAra hatA teNe bRhatkathAmAM keTaluMka varNana A rAjAnI utpatti vize ApyuM che. te vizenA utArA ApIne peAtAnA vicArA jaNAvyA che ke--" hindu devatAe vanAnA (mbenA) amAnuSika mRtyAthI trAsI uThayA hatA. te hiMdu saMskRtinA uccheda karI rahyA hatA. brAhmaNAne yajJa Adi kriyAmAM aneka jAtanA vidma karatA. A badhA kRtyAthI kaMTALI devatAe ziva pAse gayA. teoe yavaneAnA nAza sArUM vIrapurUSanI mAgaNI karI, zivajIe devatAonI prArthanAne svIkAra karyAM. zive mahendra ane saubhadrAne tyAM vizalazIla (vikramazakti) nAmanA putrane janma ApyA "--tAtparya ema thAya che ke, te samaye mlecchonA trAsane lIdhe hiMdu kaMTALI gayA hatA jethI devatAdvArA zivajI pAsethI varadAna meLavatAM, rAnna mahendranI rANI saubhadrAnA peTe eka ati parAkramI vidramazakti nAme putra sAMpaDayA hatA; ke jeNe bhaviSyamAM temane A plenA trAsathI mukti apAvI hatI. eTale temanA kahevAne tAtparyaM (5) ja, be, tre". rA. e. sA. (navI AvRtti) pu. 3, pR. pa2 mAM jaNAvyuM che ke "One traditional account says that the Satavahan from a virgin aged four years; another traces his descent to a yaksha=eka leA vAcakA was born [ 203 e che ke A vikramazaktinA janma sAmAnya saMcAgane Adhina nahAtA paraMtu devanI" prAsAdIrUpa hatA. [ amArUM TippaNa--A mlecche! kai jAtanA hatA, temanuM sthAna kayAM hatuM I. I. temane lagatI krAi hakIkata, te samaye je rAjye dakSiNamAM astitva dharAvatAM hatAM, temAMnA krAInA rAjye nIkaLatI nathI. paraMtu eka saMbhavita khInA e che ke, A samayanI pUrve thADA kALe, utarahindamAM kSaherATa ane inDa sithizmana prajAnuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM. te AcArehiMdu jevA khanI gayA hatA, chatAM teo paradezI hAvAthI temane kadAca mleccha gaNAyA hoya ane temanI sattA kaiArASTra jevA dUra dezamAM ane tyAMthI AgaLa vadhI gAdAvarI nadInA mULavALA pradezamAM jAmavA pAmI hatI eTale temane AzrayIne uparanuM kacana thayuM hoya, te| te paNa mAnya rahe tema nathI. kemake tenA rAjaamala tA have baMdha paDIne temanA syAne gabhIlavaMza jevA taddana hiMdu dekhAtA rAjAe sattA upara hatA. eTale jyAre uttarahiMdamAM ke dakSiNamAM svecchA dekhAtA nathI tyAre teo AvyA kayAMthI? AgaLa jatAM ApaNane patto lAge che ke, naM. 18 vALAe siMhaladvIpa upara caDAi karIne te deza jItI lIdhA hatA, eTale te siMhaladvIpanI prajA mleccha hAya-kemake purANamAMnA rAkSase ane daityAne A bhUminA vatanI gaNAvyA che--ane temaNe pAzanA hiMdezanI prajAne raMjADavA mAMDI heAya; ane te uparathI purANamAM varNavelA sarve prasaMga upasthita thavA pAmyA haiAya; te khanavA joga che ane te pramANe ja banavA pAmyuM che te ApaNe AgaLa upara joIzuM, matalaba ke A hakIkatamAM satyAMza che kharUM. ] (3) vaLI AgaLa jatAM lakhe che keH-'vikramazaktine Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat pramANe sAtavAhananeA janma cAra varSanI kumArI kanyAnA peTa thaye| heAvAnuM nIkaLe che, khI (AkhyAyikA) pramANe tenI utpatti kAi cakSane lIdhe thayelI manAya che. [amArUM TippaNa:--A badhI vizeSa mATe jue na. 23 mA rAjAnuM varNana]. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rANI maLazrI tathA tenA putra-putranA paricaya [ ekAdazama khaDa kAI meTA rAjAne mAMDalika thaI rahyo hAya; A pramANe sthiti banavA pAmI nathI ema A gaI bhIlava-za ane inDIpAthina rAjA saMbaMdhInA itihAsa ApaNane khApAkAra jAhera kare che. eTale ema mAnavuM. rahe che ke, jema vienA bAbatamAM sadA anatuM AvyuM che tema, svasvAminI yazakIrtinuM varNana karavAmAM atra paNa atizayakti karI nAMkhelI heAvI joie. eTale teTaluM jo kamI karI naMkhAya, teA evI sthiti hajI maMjUra rAkhI zakAya, ke je samaye cAtakaraNanuM sArvabhaumatva dakSihiMda upara pharI vaLyuM hAya, te ja samaye, uttaraviMda upara avaMtipatinI sattA DeDa kAzmira sudhI jAmI paDI hAya; uparAMta A banne rAjavIone evAM maitrI ane ekhalAsa jAmyAM hoya ke jema te svarAjye krI zake, te ja pramANe khIjAnA rAjyamAM vinAsaMkrAce AvAgamana karI zakatA heAya. tema pratihAsa ApaNune jAhera kare che ke, avaMtipati vikramacaritranuM rAjya eka vakhate kAzmira sudhI phelAvA pAmyuM hatuM ja (jIe pu. 4, tenuM vRttAMta); ane have pachI naM. 18 nA rAjyavistAre sAbita karIzuM ke AkhA dakSiNahiMda upara tenuM zAsana patharAI paDayuM hatuM. vaLI jainasAhityanA AdhAre ema paNu prasaMgeApAta jAhera karI cUkayA chIe (jIe pu. 4, 3. 35, 51, para) ke A banne rAjavIe saurASTramAM temanA tIrthasthAna pAlItANA upara ekatra thai jainAcAryAMnA netRtvataLe amuka prakAranAM dharmakAryo karAvyAM hatAM. vaLI sAMcIstUpa (bhilmsATApsa pR. 154)mAM dIpaY=A pradipta karavA, jema caMdraguptamaurye meTI rakamanI bheTa karI hatI, tema rAjA sAtakaraNae staMbha ubhA karAvI amuka dAna dIdhuM che. eTale purANakAre avaMtimAM ujjainInA pATanagare-vijaya staMbha ubhA karAvyAnuM je lakhyuM che te vAta paNa kharakhara maLI rahe che. A pramANe purANakAranI, jainasAhitya graMthanI, kavizra'cakAranI, itihAsanI, bhilmsATApsanI, ema sarvanI hakIkata ekabIjAne puSTikAraka thaI paDe che. mAtra arasaparasanI kArya nirUpaNunI sAMkaLanA maMkoDA jyAMsudhI trUTaka te chUTaka paDayA hatA tyAMsudhI, saLaMga prasaMganA ukela jaDI AvatA nahAtA; athavA te 204 ] traNa mukhya rANIo hatI; dakSiNApacanI, siMhalamalayanI ane kaliga dezanI kalIMgasenA, kuMtala, rAjyamaitrI ane rAjanItinI dRSTie, lagnagraMthIthI baMdhAyA hatA, temAM malayavatI paTarANI hatI. zurA zAtaNie bhAratavarSanA gADa, karNATa, lATa, kAzmira, siMdha vindhyAcalanA bhIla rAjA ane pArazIka dezanA rAjAone harAvIne namAvyA hatA...peAtAnA rAjAnI prabhutA ane cakravartI padanI kArtine jvalaMta karavA, kavie rAjAne vikamAdityanuM birUda ApI tenA gauravamAM vadhArA karyA che. vikramAditye bhAratavarSanA rAjAone harAvI mAMDalika banAvyA. e pachI eNe ujjana pATanagaramAM vijaya samArala karyA hatA"... temanA kahevAnA sAra e che ke, vikramazakitane traNa rANIo hatI, temAM malayakumArI paTarANI hatI. A zurA rAjAe aneka deze| jItI lIdhA hatA. tenA AvA parAkramane lIdhe kavie tene vikramAdityanuM birUda ApyuMche. A vikramAdityane tAme dhaNA mAMDalika rAjA hatA. pachI rAjAe ujanamAM (aMtinA rAjanagare) peAtAne prIti samAraMbha karyo hato. matalaba ke te atipati khanyA hatA. [ amArUM TippaNu-je rAjA eka khAjI uttara hiMdamAMnuM kAzmira jItI le, ane khIjI khAjI dakSiNahiMdanA siMhala ane malaya prAMte jIte, tene te| sakaLa hindanA cakravartI ja gaNuvA rahe, eTale svAbhAvika rIte te avaMtipati tA khanI gayA ja gaNavA rahe. parantu prazna e che ke, AvA jabarajasta AMdhrapati, je sakaLa hindano svAmI banI esI zake, tene lagatuM itihAsanA pAne kAMi paNa kiraNa nAMdhAyA vinA kema paDayuM rahe? bIjuM, je samayanI A hakIkata che te samaye tA itihAsanA jJAnathI ApaNe jANItA thayA chIe ke, uttarahindamAM theADA vakhata gardabhIla vaMzanI ane te bAda inDIpArthiyana rAjAnI hakumata sthApita thaI hatI tathA ati upara sadhaLA vakhata gardabhIla vaMzIonuM ja rAjya jhaLakI rahyuM hatu. ane e te sarvamAnya siddhAMta che ke ekI vakhate eka ja pradeza upara, e vazanA rAjavIonI sattA hAIna ja zake, sivAya ke eka nAnA rAjA, bIjA

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dazama pariccheda ] rANu baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya [ 205 keIka ThekANe asatyatA ke atizyokti pravezI gaI che, paraMtu tenA jIvanavRttAMte joI zakAze ke te AMka haze ke kema tevA prakAranI zaMkA udabhavyA karatI hatI ATha nathI paNa sATha che, baleke tethI paNa vadhAre che. te have sarvathA lepa thaI jAya che, temaja ApaNI zraddhA (5) ujajainapati caMNu hatA; tene zaka jAtine TharAvyo majabUta thAya che ke, pUrvakathita sarva hakIkta satya ja che.] che tathA tene samaya 75 thI 83 gaNAvyo che, tene (4) AgaLa jatAM pU. para upara lakhe che ke - kuMtale harAvIne pote avaMtipati banyo che. A sarva "paMDita jayasvAlajI, kathAsaritasAgaramAMthI sAta- hakIkata, kevaLa goThavIne besatI karavI paDI che kemake, vAhanavaMzanI hakIkatane AdhAra laIne etihAsika pu. 3mAM pR. 46 nI pachI coDela patrakathI khAtrI ghaTanAnuM dahana A pramANe kare che. purANa pramANe thaze, tathA AgaLa kuMtalanA vRttAMtathI joI zakAze sAtavAhana zrImukanI (zizuka matsya pu.) paMdaramI peDhIe ke prathama te te caThaNane samakAlina ja nathI, anDarasvatI thayo, teno putra maheMdra (mRgendra svatikarNa) eTale harAvavA karavAnI vAta ja uDI jAya che. zAtakaNi hatA. tene putra kuMtala ghaNo ja parAkramI vaLI caSmaNano samaya to I. sa. 75-83 jevo rAjA thayo. I. sa. 5-84. e kALe ujajainamAM ja nathI te te I. sa. 150 jeTale dUra che. cachana rAjya karatA hatA. e zakakSatrapane Adi rAjA caThaNa zakAtane paNa nathI. ( juo pu. 4. tenA hato. zAtakaraNie zakane harAvyo ane ujajana sudhI vRttAMte ) tema kuMtala te zuM 5Na keI AMdhrapati sAtavAhana sAmrAjyanI ANa vartAvI. kathAsarita avaMtipati ja thayuM nathI ( juo pR. 203-4). sAgaramAM A laDAI lAdezamAM (gujarAtamAM) thaI hatI. vaLI uparanuM sarva lakhANa graMthanA AdhAre che. jyAre ema varNana uparathI mAhitI maLe che."--kahevAno sAra zilAlekho pUrAvo (rANu baLazrIne nAsikano e nIkaLe che ke, zAtavAhanavaMzanA sthApaka rAjA lekha; paMcamaparicchede naM. 7) te ema jAhera kare che ke, zimakhathI paMdaramI peDhIe skandasvatI nAme rAjA thayo. gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe zakaprajAne mAtra harAvI che. tene putra maheMdra urphe mRgendrasvatikaNuM, tene putra kuMtala; eTaluM ja nahI, paNa tene te jaDamULathI nAza ja karI (eTale ke 17mo rAjA thaya) te atiparAkramI hatA. nAMkhyo che. eTale je caSThaNa ane gautamIputra teNe ATha varSa rAjya karyuM che. te vakhate ujajainapati vacce yuddha thayuM hoya te, caSmaNanuM to temAM maraNa ja caSaNa hato. te zakajAtine ca9Na, kSatrapavaMzane AdipurUSa nIpajayuM kahevAya. jyAre ItihAsa kahe che ke tema te hato. tene zAtakaraNikuMtale harAvyo. A laDAI thayuM nathI, kemake ceSThaNe avaMtipati banIne keTalAya gujarAtamAM thaI hatI. pachI zAtavahAna rAjA varSa rAjya karyuM che. uparAMta tene vaMza paNa lagabhaga avaMtipati thayo. traNaso varSathI vadhAre samaya sudhI cAlu rahyo che. eTale [ amAruM TippaNa-(1) sarvatra zAtavahAna zabda ca%Nu ane gautamIputra samakAlina hovAnuM TharatuM lakhela mAluma paDe che, tema karavAnuM kAraNuM mAluma nathI. vaLI graMthamAM kaI ThekANe caSThaNa zabda ja paDatuM nathI. (2) paMdaramo AMka je temaNe skanda, lakhyo nathI te te TIkAkAroe goThavI ja dIdho svatIne Avyo che te mULa pustakamAM lakhela nathI jaNAya che, ane kharI vAta che paNa temaja. bIjuM, lAgato, mAtra TIkAkAre ja goThavI dIdho che. eTale te caThaNanI vAta jo satya ja hoya che. caThaNa pote bahu vajanadAra nahIM gaNAya. (3) skandasvAti, pachI paNa avaMtipati rahe ane tene vijetA gautamIputra maheMdra urphe mRgendrasthAtikarNa ane pachI kuMtala-A anukrama zAtakaraNi paNa avaMtipati bane; eka sAthe be paNa pR. 203 nI TIkA (1)mAM lakhyA karatAM heraphera avaMtipati thAya evuM bane kema ! vaLI dhAre ke cakaNe mAlama para che. eTale ke gaNatrI vinA kAma levAyuM zAtakaraNinA khaMDiyA tarIke rAjya karyuM hatuM to tema dekhAya che. (4) ATha varSano samaya talane lakhyo paNa banyuM nathI; kemake teNe te avaMtinA mahAkSatra

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206 ] rANI baLathI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa ane rAjA tarIke jIvana gALyuM che, ema tenA sikkA baLathIno putra gautamIputra zAtakaraNi hato. te bAda uparathI siddha thAya che. A sarva hakIkatathI eTaluM ja pANI baLIne patra vAsiSThaputra zatakaraNa thaye, jene mAnavuM rahe che ke A pramANe aneka asaMgata banAvo bIjuM nAma rAjA hAla zAtavAhana hatuM. eTale dekhItuM pUrvathI cAlI AvatI mAnyatAne baMdhabesatA karI devAyA che ke potAno rAjA ati parAkramI hAI, pUrve thaelA che. bAkI zatavahanavaMzI gautamIputra zAtakaraNie zakAri vikramAdityanI sAthe tenI tulanA karI zakAya gujarAtanI bhUmi upara laDAImAM zakaprajAne harAvavAmAM te mATe, kavie tene paNa vikramAdityanA birUdathI bhAga lIdho hato, temaja je rAjA (zakAri vikramAditya) oLakhAvyuM che. chatAMye jema zabda lakhAyA che, tema sAthe yuddhamAM joDAIne zakene teNe harAvyA zatavahanavaMzI anya vikramAditya kahevAnA Azaya hatA te rAjA pote ja avaMtipati banavA pAmyo hato je kavino hoya, te te paNa rAjA hAlanA taratanA (juo pR. 4, pR. 20 upara vAyupurANane utAro) pUrva ja evA, A maitamIputra zatakaraNa naM. 17 teTaluM satya che kharuM. vALAne ja lAgu pADI zake tema che. kemake teNe zakAri (5) vaLI AgaLa jatAM lakhe che ke:-"A vikramAdityane zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM madada karI hatI zAtavaThAnakaLamAM, e pUrve vikramAdityanA birUdavALo eTaluM ja nahIM. paNa jyAre te zaka prajAno rAjA kaI parAkramI rAjA thayela. e uparathI kavi pitAnA svataMtra yuddhamAM tenI sAthe pAchaLathI utaryo hato tyAre zarA rAjAne vikramAdityanA birUdathI oLakhAve che."- paNa tene harAvIne mArI nAkhyA hatA. uparAMta aneka tAtparya e ke A zurA rAjAnuM nAma te vikramAditya jIta meLavI (juo tenA varNana), vikramabaLa ane nahotuM ja, paraMtu tenI pUrve eka vikramAditya thaI gayo AdityaH sUrya, baLamAM sUrya samAna eTale mahAbaLavAnanI hatuM, tenI tulanA karI zakAya, mATe te kavie potAnA kaTimAM gaNAya te parAkramI, pitAne pUravAra karI rAjAne vikramAdityanA nAmathI oLakhAvyo che. batAvyo che. eTale prAcIna samaye lekhake ati [ ApaNuM TIpaNa-amarakoSakAra jevI samartha utsAhamAM AvI jaI, svaprazasita bhUpationI sattAnA AdhAre (juo pu. 4, pR. 34, TI. naM. 1 tathA lAvAnA atirekamAM AvI jaI, atizayoktibharyA pR. 66 ane anya pUrAvA uparathI) ApaNe jaNAvI gayA zabdo jema vAparI jatA hatA tema kavi mahAzaye chIe ke rAja hAla zatavahanane vikramAdityanA nAme paNa vAparyA hoya tema banavA joga che. bemAMthI game oLakhAvAyo che; eTale jyAre kavie potAnA A te rIte vikramAdityanI sarakhAmaNI karI hoya, paNa rAjA hAlane vikramAdityane birUda ApyuM che tyAre ema dareka rIte vastusthiti eka ja hakIkata pUravAra kare paNa siddha thaI gayuM che ke, rAjA hAlanI pUrve eka che. A anumAnane amarakeSakAranA zabdothI samaanya vikramAditya thaI gayo hato. ane kharI sthiti rthana maLe che. pu. 4, pR. 34, TI. 10mAM Hala ane te ja pramANe che. jyAre bIjI bAju zilAlekha naM. Sudrak ne ApaNe je eka tarIke gaNAvyA che tene 7 tathA pR. 205nA ApaNA TippaNathI jANI cUkyA badale amarakoSakAre lakhyA pramANe, te be zabdanI chIe, ke rANI baLazrInA putra gautamIputre zakAri vaccenuM alpavirAma kAyama rAkhI, rAjA hAlanI pUrve thaka vikramAdityane zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM khUba agatyano thayo gaNI, banne rAjAne judA mAnIe, te zaka eTale bhAga lIdho hato, temaja putra gautamIputranA maraNa bAda gatamIputra zAtakaraNine paNa vikramAditya zabda lAgaze. patra vasiSThaputra gAdIe Avyo hato. eTale A kemake, ja, A. hirI. se.nuM kathana jeke zakArine bane kathananuM samIkaraNa karatAM ema sAra nIkaLaze ke AzrayIne tyAM lakhAyuM che chatAM thoDA pheraphAra sAthe te zakAri vikramAditya gardabhIlavaMzI ho (juo pu. 4, gautamIputra zAtakaraNane paNa lAgu paDe che ja. matalaba tenuM vRttAMta). tenA madadagAra ane samakAlInapaNe rANI ke amarakAre jaNAvela rAjA hAlanI pUrve thayela

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rANI maLazrI tathA tenA putra-putranA paricaya dazama pariccheda ] te zUdraka vikramAditya ja che. vaLI jyAre hAla vikramAdityanI pUrve zakAra vikramAdityane thai gayela mAnyA che. temaja hAla vikramAdityanA pUrvaja evA gautamIputra zAtakane te zakAra vikramAdityanA madadagAra ane samakAlina tarIke manAvyA che, tyAre e phalita thAya che ke, hAla vikramAditya ane kAra vikramAditya banne samakAlInapaNe jIvaMta rahyA nahi ja hAya; ane kadAca jIvaMta rahevA pAmyA hAya, tA paNa zakAra vikramAdityanI umara rAjA hAlavikramAditya karatAM, dhaNI ghaNI moTI ja hAvI joIe. ] A pAMce avataraNAnA tathA te upara karela vivAda ane TIpaNunA ekaMdara sAra have nIce pramANe nAMdhI zakAzeH-(1) rAjA maheMdra ane rANI saiAbhadrAnA putranuM nAma kuMtala zatavahana. (2) teNe siMhala-malaya taraphanA klenA saMhAra karIne te rAjAnI malayavatI kuMvarI vere lagna karyuM hatuM. A malayavatIne pAchaLathI paTarANIpade sthApita karavAmAM AvI hatI. (3) A kuMtalarAjA ati parAkramI hoI, tenI pUrve thayela vikramAdityanI sarakhAmaNI karI zakAya te mATe tenA kavie tene vikramAdityanuM birUda joDayuM che. (4) A kuMtalaneA janma daivIsaMyAgamAM thayA hatA. (5) A putranuM nAma vikramazakti paNa kahevAya che. (6) A vikramazaktine aneka rANIo kadAca haze parantu mukhyapaNe traNu jANItI thayela che. (7) A vikramazakitae avaMtimAM smAraka ubhuM karAvyuM che tathA dAna dIdhuM che; tathA te atipati ane kAzmirapati vikramaritranI sAthe maitrI-graMthIthI joDAyala hatA. tenI sAthe sArASTramAM khUba chUTathI pharyAM dekhAya che. (8) paM. jAyasvAlajIe A kuMtalane nAme je A varSa lakhyA che, te kadAca purANika nAmAvaLane lIdhe (6) zadruka eTale zudravazamAM janmela; AMdhrapatinI utpati zudra kanyAnA peTe thayelI che mATe e-rIte te vaMzane zudva gaNI zakAya, ane te vazamAM thayela vikramAditya te zakya vikramAditya; tyAre gabhIlava'zI vimA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 207 banavA pAmyuM hoya; parantu kuMtala jevA parAkramI rAjAneA zAsanakALa kevaLa ATha ja varSanA na pI zakAya. ArDane badale 60 ke 68 ke tenI lagAlaganA rAjyakALa haze athavA 8 varSa ja hoya te te kuMtalanA pitAneA rAjaamala banavA joga che. (9) gatamIputra zAtakaraNie--rANI khaLazrInA putra-zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM gabhIlavaMzI vikramAdityane yuddhamAM madada karI hatI. eTale bannene samakAlIna kahI zakAya. (10) A yuddha gujarAtanI bhUmi upara laDAyuM hatuM, (11) rANI khaLazrInA paiAtranuM nAma rAjA hAvikramAditya hatuM. e zakAra vikramAdityanA samakAlIna tarIke na hoI zake; ane kadAca heya tApaNa zakArinI uMmara dhaNI ja mATI hAya ane rAjA hAlanI ghaNuMIja nAnI hAya. (12) rAjA hAla ane caRNu samakAlInapaNe nathIja jethI te baMnene yuddha thavuM taddana asaMbhavita che tema caNa te zaka prajAmAMne paNa nathI. A pramANe naM. 17 tathA 18 vALA rANI khaLazrInA putra gautamIputra ane pautra vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNanA jIvananI keTalIka upayeAgI mAhitI ApaNe meLavI zakavyA chIe. have A naM. 15 mA rAjA svAtikarNane tathA rANI khaLazrInA putra ane pautrane, zuM sagapaNu saMbaMdha hAI zake te vicArIe. eTale AkhI sAMkaLa ubhI karAyAnI sthitie ApaNe paheAMcI zakIzuM. A mATe ApaNe te bannenA zilAlekhA, je pariccheda pamAmAM utAryA che tenA AdhAra ja levAnA che, temAM paNa khAsa karIne naM. 8nA AdhAra. te-zilAlekhanuM vivecana karatAM ApaNe batAvyuM che ke, temAMnI vastu gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA rAjyanA 24me varSe kAtaravAmAM AvI tyAre rANI khaLazrIne meTA putra-athavA gautamIputranA meTA bhAi-jIvatA hatA. A meTA putra (pR. 97, TI. naM. 16) gAdI uparathI phrArega thai gayA ditya te zakAra vikramAditya: banne vikramAditya samakAlIna heine temane oLakhavA mATe A vizeSaNa joDavAmAM kadAca AvyuM. saMbhave che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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208 ] rANu baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa che tathA A lekha kotarAvyA pachI thoDA ja vakhatamAM beThA hatA. gAdI upara vadhAre majabUta haka te bhAInA gautamIputranuM maraNa nIpajyuM hatuM ane tenI pAchaLa karatAM putrane vadhAre gaNAya. jyAre ahIM te pitAnI pelA moTAbhAIno putra (pR. 98, TI. naM. 17) gAdIpati gAdIe putra na besatAM, kAkAnI gAdIe bhatrija beThe banyo che, te sarva hakIkata temAMthI sUcita thatI che. A sarve paristhiti saMpUrNa ukela mAge che. tene batAvI ApI che. vaLI naM. 17 vALA rANI baLIne ukela paNa " whose son is living=jene putra putra, ane ne18 vALA pautra thAya che te sthiti hayAta che" evA zabdo zilAlekhamAM je kotarAvyA che ApaNI jANamAM kyAranI e Avela che. eTale sAra e temAMthI maLI Avato samajAya che. haiyAta batAvAyelA A thayo ke, ne. 18 vALA naM. 17 no putra nathI paNa tenA rAjAe gAdItyAga karyo che te tenI rAjakIya bInamoTAbhAIne putra hovAthI bhatrijo thato hato. tyAre lAyakAtane aMge (nIce juo) karyo nathI ja lAgato. prazna e thAya che ke, te meTebhAI eTale ne. 18 ne tema putranI sthiti te samaye nahIM hoya paNa pitA keNa hato ane te moTo hovA chatAM gAdIe pAchaLathI janma thayo lAge che-ema samajavuM rahe che, kema beThe nathI; athavA beThe hatuM te zA mATe teNe nahIM te tene ja gAdI maLI cUkata. vaLI whose gAdityAga karyo hato. ja. A. vi. vi. sa. pu.2, bhAga son is livingno ulekha, zilAlekha jevA rAjakIya - 1, pR. 64 upara lakhyuM che ke "Hala satavahan paristhiti sUcavatA agatyanA dastAvejamAM karavAmAM was the son of Dipakarni hAla zAtavAhana, Avyo che. eTale dekhAya che ke, te samaye paNa te dIpakaraNine putra thato hato." A uparathI siddha rAjakAraNane aMge thatI vATAghATe ane vicAraNAmAM thAya che ke ne. 18 vALA rAjA hAlavikramAdityanA tenI haiyAti upara khAsa lakSa rAkhavAmAM AvatuM ? pitAnuM nAma dIpaNi hatuM. tema purANanA AdhAre hatuM ja. eTale gAdI uparano cAlyo Avate tene haka ApaNe je nAmAvalI ubhI karI zakayA chIe te kAyama rAkhIne, rAjA banela tenA bhAinA maraNa pAmyA uparathI samajI zakAya che ke, naM. 17vALA gautamI- bAda, tenA putrane pAchI gAdI suprata karavAmAM AvI che. putranuM nAma aSTikarNa che, vaLI 15 vALAnuM nAma vaLI rAjA hAlanA janma vize ApaNe joI gayA svAtika che. eTale A sarva, karNa--kaNi aMtyAkSara chIe ke (pR. 207 sAra naM. 4) te daivI saMjogamAMvALAM nAmo eka bIjA pratye ati sAmya dharAvanAra kAMIka asAdhAraNa saMgamAM thayo che. A uparathI dekhAya che. tethI anumAna karavAne lalacAIe chIe sAra ema kheMcI zakAya che ke, rAjA hAlanA pitAe ke, ne. 15 vALA pitA thato hato tene rANI baLazrI athavA gautamIputranA moTAbhAIe gAdItyAga karyo peTe be putro thayA hatA, jemAMnA moTA putranuM nAma tyAre, hAla rAjAne janma naheAte paNa pAchaLathI dIpakaNi ane nAnAnuM nAma ariSTa karyuM hatuM. moTo thayuM che. gAdItyAga thaye te samaye te garbhamAM hato ke putra potAnA pitAnI pAchaLa gAdIe Avyo hato. lAMbe kALe janmyA hatA te nakkI karavAnuM ke eTale tene ne. 16mo AMdhrapati kahI zakAya. teNe sAdhana maLatuM nathI. paNa gAdItyAga samaye ja garbhamAM kAMIka kAraNasara gAdityAga karyo hato jethI nAno bhAI hoya to teno janma, tenA kAkA gAdIe besavA bAda gAdIe beTho hate. vaLI nAnA bhAIne rAjayaamala AThanava mahinA sudhImAM ja thaI ja joIe. eTale zarU thaIne pUro thayo tyAM sudhI lagabhaga, pelo moTo te gAdIe beThe tyAre, tenI uMmara tenA kAkAnA bhAI jIvato rahyo hato; ane nAnAbhAIne mRtyu rAjyakALa jeTalI meTI (temAMthI garbhakALa bahu bahu bAda, te moTAbhAIno putra gAdIe Avyo hato. te ATha mahinA bAda) 25 varSanI gaNavI rahe. paraMtu prazna pAcho e ubho thAya che ke, jyAre moTA bhAIe tene janma, pitAnA gAdItyAga karyA pachI keTaleka kALe, gAdI choDI dIdhI tyAre nAnA bhAI zA mATe gAdIe thayo hoya to teTalA varSanI nAnI umare te gAdIpati Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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zama pariccheda ] rANu baLathI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya [ 209 jyo gaNAze. vaLI uparamAM kahI gayA chIe ke, teNe ariSTaka naM. 17 AMdhrapati tarIke ANa pheravI hatI. gAdItyAga je karyo che te rAjakIya geralAyakAtanA te gAdIe beThA pachI (ATha nava mahinA bAda ke pariNAmarUpe nahotuM ja; eTale samajavuM rahe che ke, jarA lAMbA kALe, te nakkI thayuM nathI) moTAbhAIne sAmAjIka ke saMsArika sthitinuM te pariNAma hovuM tyAM putrajanma thayo hato. (4) paratu te mATe joIe. bIjI bAju ema pUravAra thayuM che ke A thaIne rAjalagAma hAtha dharavA jevo thAya, tyAM sudhI rAjAo te samaye jaina dharmAnayAyI hatA. je temaja ane pachI te pite maraNa pAmyo tyAMsudhI, ne. 17 hoya to evI sthiti mukavI paDe che ke, kAM teNe vALAe rAjya calAvyA karyuM hatuM. (5) te bAda dIkSA lIdhI hatI ane jema samrATa caMdragupta maurya mekabhAIne putra naM. 18 AMdhrapati tarIke gAdIpati rAjapATane tyAga karI, dIkSA laI dakSiNahiMdamAM thayo hato. (6) naM. 17 vALAnuM zilAlekhamAM sUcaveluM pitAnA gurU sAthe cAlI nIkaLyo hato chatAM tene bIjuM nAma gautamIputra zAtakaraNa, ane naM. 18 nuM putra bisAre pitAnA nAme eka rIte kahIe te bIjuM nAma vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi hatuM. (7) vaLI A rAjakArabhAra calAvye rAkhyo hato, (pu. 2, pR. 204) naM. 18 vALo rAjA ati nAnI uMmare gAdIpati tema ahIM paNa moTAbhAIe dIkSA lIdhA bAda ane banyo hovAthI temaja daivI saMgamAM teno janma thaye tenA putrano prasava thayo na hovAthI rAjalagAma nAnA hovAthI, te ati zuravIra nIvaDayo che tathA sAmAnya bhAIe hAthamAM lIdhI hatI ane te bAda putrajanma rIte ghaNA lAMbo kALa rAjya bhogavI zako che. thayo hato. eTale taratamAM nAnAbhAIe gAdI khAlI na uparanA sati anumAna sAthe pR. 207mAM nirNata karatAM jyAre te maraNa pAmyA tyAre pelA moTA- karelA 12 anumAnane ekatrita karavAthI, naM. 15, bhAInA putrane gAdIe besAravAmAM Avyo hato; 16, 17 ane 18 vALA rAjavIonAM jIvanacari athavA bIjI rIte ema paNa banyuM hoya ke taratamAM vize aneka mAhitI ApaNane maLI jatI kahevAze. te dIkSA na letAM saMsAranI uvimatAthI kaMTALI kevaLa sivAya anya koI hakIkata naM. 15 vize maLI AvatI rAjakAjamAMthI ja moTAbhAIe nivRtti lIdhI hoya ane nathI. eTale tenuM varNana khatama karI have naM. 16 nuM vAnaprastha dazAmAM rahyA hoya. AvI sthitimAM rAjA jIvanavRtAMta AlekhavAnuM kAma hAtha dharIzuM. hAlano janma, moTAbhAInA gAdItyAga pachI keTaleka (16) mahendra; dIpakaNi; tamIputra kALe thayo gaNo raheze. tenA gAdItyAga karavAmAM svAtikarNa ane rANI baLazrInA be putromAMthI game te saMga taratamAM ubhA thayA hoya, ane te bhale A naM. 16 vALe meTA hatA. jemAM rANI baLIne zodhakhoLane aMge have pachI jANavAmAM Ave, paraMtu nAnA putra naM 17 vALo gAtamiputra zAtakaraNi eTaluM te vadhAre saMbhavita dekhAya che ke moTAbhAIe kahevAya che, tema A naM. 16 vALAne paNa gautamIputra gAdItyAga karyo hato ane rAjA hAlane janma te zAtakaraNi kahI zakAya. phera eTalo ja che ke naM. 17 bAda thayo hato, jethI nAnAbhAI-gautamIputrane vALAnuM kharuM nAma arijIkarNa hatuM jyAre naM. 16 rAjalagAma hAtha dharavI paDI hatI. vALAnuM nAma dIpakarNi hatuM. uparAMta purANa granthanA eTale AkhIe carcAno sAra e Avyo jaNAvyA pramANe tenuM nAma mahendra tathA tenI rANInuM kahevAze ke (1). 15 vALA svAtikarNa te pitA nAma subhadrA hevAnuM samajI zakAya che ane temanA thAya tenI rANI baLathI peTe be putra ja janamyA peTe rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane janma thayo che. A hatA. (2) Toputra dIpakaNi. potAnA pitAnI saghaLe vRttAMta naM. 15 nA vRttAMte jaNAvI gayAM chIe gAdIe naM. 16 tarIke AMdhrapati banyo hato. paNa- eTale atra utAravA jarUra rahetI nathI. teNe gADItyAga karavAthI ane te samaye tene koI putra tene rAjyakALa nAmAvalImAM ApaNe 3 varSane na hevAthI (3) tenI jagyAe, tenA nAnAbhAI ane naM. 17 ne 25 varSane TharAvyo che, tyAre

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210 ] purANakAranA zabdonAM je pAMca avataraNA 'buddhi prakAza'mAM jaNAvelI hakIkata (pR. 202-3) uparathI utAryA che temAM ATha varSa lakhyA che: eTale pAMca varSa ApaNe je AchAM AMkayA che te kadAca, na. 17 nA 25 varSamAMthI laI levAya teAye naM. 17 nA, ke naM. 16 vALAnA rAjadvArI jIvana vRttAMtamAM kAMI phera paData jaNAtA nathI. tema naM. 17 nA kALe 25 varSa je ApaNane kabula rAkhavA paDayA che, te paNa purANA mAMnI hakIkatane saMtASavA khAtara ja che. game tema gaNA, chevaTe banneneA (naM. 16 te 17 ne) samagrakALa 28 varSanA lekha parantu Akhare naM. 17 nuM mRtyu te sa. pU. 47 mAM thayAnuM ja teAMdhavuM paDaze. hAla te ati hAsika anya prasaMge dhyAnamAM laIne na, 16 nuM rAjya je I. sa. pU. 70 thI 72 sudhI nA traNa vanuM TharAvyuM che. tene ja mAnya rAkhIzuM. pote jIvyA tyAM sudhI rAjapATa na bhogavatAM, vacce ja gAdIethI uThI gayeA hatA ane te samaye tene putra na heAvAthI, tenA nAnAbhAi ariSTakarNane gAdIe mesADavAmAM AvyA hatA. parantu pAchaLathI tenA putraneA janma thavAthI, ariSTakarNanA maraNu khAda, te putrane gAdI seApAi hatI. A mahendranA putranA rAjyAviSeka thayA bAda, 19 varSa sudhI eTale I. sa. pU. ra9 sudhI (jIe zilAlekha naM. 8) rANI khaLazrInI haiyAtI hatI ja. tema vaLI teNIe zilAlekhAmAM je prakAre zabdo kAtarAvyA che te uparathI samajI zakAya che ke teNI rAjyakArabhAranA saMcAlanamAM ghaNA agatya| bhAga bhajavatI hatI ane tethI nAnAM moTAM kAryomAM tenI salAha paNa pUchAtI hAvI jAI e. naM. 16 nA gAdItyAga samaye naM. 17ne ja gAdI ApavI ane te pachI naM. 18 nA rAjyAbhiSeka karavA, te baMne prasaMge paNa teNInI salAha pramANe ja kAma levAyuM hAvuM joI e evA anumAna karavAmAM kAMi aTita gaNAze nahIM. jo ke vidrAnAe, teNInA naM. 8 nA zilAlekhamAM 'whose son is living'nA artha evI rIte khesAryAM che ke, rAjA te vakhate gaMbhIra mAMdagIne bichAne paDelA DhAvAthI, rIjansI vahIvaTa jevI vyavasthA teNIe karAvI hatI ane te pramukha jevA mahendra dIpaNa gautamIputra Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaMDa darajje rahIne kAma calAvatI hatI. paraMtu te sthiti taddana kalpanAmaya ja ApaNe jaNAvI che (jue pR. 208 tathA TIpaNA ane TIkAo); kemake te zabdo prathama tA naM. 17 te lAgu ja paDatA nathI, uparAMta naM. 19 vALA pukhta uMmaranA thaI gayA hatA, temaja rAjakArabhAra calAvI zake teTalI uMmare paNa pAMcI cUkayA hatA. AvAM mukhya e kAraNane lIdhe temaNe dAveluM anumAna bahu TakI zake tevuM lAgatuM nathI. chatAM eka sthitimAM tema paNa banavA yeAgya lAge che; je emake, gAdIvArasa pukhta vayanA hAvA chatAM IrAjyabhiSikata teA na ja gaNAya. eTale deAravaNI tarIke, temaja rAjA maMdavADamAMthI mukata khanI ArAgya thAya tyAMsudhI, bIjA prakAranI kAi gaDabaDa saDabaDa thavA na pAme tevI takedArI rAkhavA pUratIye paNa, eka karatAM vadhAre vyaktiekanA saMyukta kArabhAra jevI vyavasthA karAya te IcchanIya che. vaLI naM. 17 vALAnA vArasadAra naM. 18nI umara lagabhaga 24-25nI lekhIte ApaNe A badhA udgAra kADhI rahyA chIe. parantu jainasAhitya graMtheAmAM (prabaMdhaciMtAmaNI bhASAntaramAM zAlivAhana prabaMdha jue ) thI evA anumAna lai javAya che ke, naM. 18vALA zAlivAhana jyAre gAdIe AvyA che tyAre mAtra 13-14 varSA ugatI vayane juvAnIyA ja kema jANe hAya nahIM ? jo ke te umara paNa te samaye teA pukhta umaranI ja lekhAtI hatI. chatAM rAjya vahIvaTamAM te khIna anubhavI ja kahevAya. eTale rAjakArabhAranI nirmaLatA mATe tathA ekane mAthe sadhaLA eja ekadama AvI na paDe te sAcavavA mATe, kAunsIlanA vahIvaTa ceAjAya te te yeAgya paNa nathI. ane A pramANe zAlivAhana hAlarAjAnI-naM. 18nI-uMmara gAdIe besatI vakhate jo kavaLa 13-14 varSInI ke tenI AsapAsanI karAvAya, te tene janma tenA pitA naM. 16 vALAnA gAdItyAga pachI, temaja naM. 17nA rAjyAbhiSeka pachI ATheka mahinAnA gALAmAM je kalpI levA paDayA che tene khale naM. 17nA rAjyakALanA madhyabhAge lagabhaga laI javA paDaze. matalaba e thaI kahevAze ke naM. 16 vALAe bhale rAjapATanA tyAga karyAM hatA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dazama paricacheda ] mahendra dIpakaNi gautamIputra [ 211 paraMtu saMsAramAM te joDAyelo rahyo ja hato. sAcI che te jotAM paNa kayo AMkaDo sAco te zodhI kADhayuM sthiti zuM hatI te pAke pAye kahI zakAya tevI ekadama bhAre thaI paDe tema che. chatAM 444 nA eka sAmagrI hAla te ApaNe dharAvatA nathI eTale te tarapha DhaLavAnuM kAraNa e che, ke ekanA rAjya banelA viSaya bhaviSya upara cheDI devuM paDaze. banAva bIjAne nAme caDAvAI gayAnuM ghaNuM vakhate - rAjavahIvaTamAM rANuM baLazrInI kevI lAgavaga banyuM che. jema ke rAjA zAlivAhananA rAye kAlikasUri cAlatI hatI te vize keTaleka aMze jenagraMthamAM maLI na thayA hovA chatAM (juo pR. 195 upara) tenA AvatA eka bIjA prasaMga upara amArI najara paDe rAye thayAnuM lakhI gayA che. jyAre ahIM rAjA che. te A pramANe che. janasaMpradAyamAM jayalA zAlivAhananuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM chatAM rANu baLathI nava nihnavamAMthI, chaThThA rAhagupta sairAzikanA varNana lakhAyuM che. eTale hAla te te prazna vizeSa saMzodhana adhikAre evuM lakhAyuM che ke, teNe dakSiNadezanI thavA upara choDI daIe. paraMtu je te AMka ma. sa. aMtaraMjIkAnagarInA rAjA, rANA baLathInA darabAramAM 444=I. sa. pU. 26ne Thare, to naM. 18nA rAjyakALanA (sarakhA pR. 15nuM varNana) potAnA gurUe batAvela I. sa. pU.47thI Isa. 18 sudhInA 65 varSa nAMdhAyA amuka muddA upara prathama te potAnA harIphane vAdamAM che. te gaNatrIe tenA 21mAM varSe, upara pramANe jItI lIdho hato. paraMtu te jItanA samAcAra rohagupta gurU ziSya vacce vAda thayAnuM naidhavuM paDaze; gurU pAse jAhera karatAM, kAMIka aMze jainadharmanI ANa vaLI ApaNe zilAlekha naM. 8 thI jANI cUkayA uparavaTa kathana thaI gayeluM temane lAgyuM. eTale rohagupta chIe ke naM. 18nA rAjya 19mA varSa sudhI te kSamA mAMgI, miyA duSkRta kahI AvavA gurUe sUcavyuM. rANI baLathI haiyAta paNa hatI ja ane tenI ja AjJAthI chatAM kSamA yAcavAne badale pote sAco ja che evuM te lekha karAyo che; eTale teNInA sAnidhyamAM pratipAdana karavAne teNe gurU sAme paDakAra jhIlyo majakura vAda thayAnuM zakaya paNa che. A pramANe aneka ane A banne gurU ziSyane vAda pelA rANAbaLathInI mudAothI rANI baLathInAM lAgavaga ane jera na. samakSa cha mahinA sudhI cAlyo. chevaTe garu jItyA 16thI 18 sudhInA AMdhrapatinA samaye hovAnuM jANI ane rohaguptane jenee saMghabahAra mUkayo. ATalA zakAya che. A sthiti jotAM naM. 17nA maMdavADa samaye varNanathI rANu baLazrInI nyAyapurassara kAma levAnI teNIe kosila vahivaTa sthApyo hoya te banavAjoga zakitanuM tathA jainadharma uparanA tenA jJAna ane paNa che. ne. 16vALA dIpakaNinuM maraNa kayAre nIpajyuM te prabhAvanuM mApa kADhI zakAze. savAla e rahe che ke, na kahI zakAya tema nathI. paNa potAnA nAnAbhAInA rAjyanA 24mA varSa sudhI (zilAlekha naM. -8 juo) rANabaLazrI' ema je lakhAyuM che te zuddha che ke =I. sa. pU 48 sudhI te jIvaMta hato eTaluM cokkasa azuddha hoI tene badale "rANI baLazrI" hovuM joIe. che. eTale je te 25 varSanI umare gAdIe AvyA Ane niveDe lAvavAnuM paNa jarA kaThina thaI paDayuM hoya te, lagabhaga para varSa uparanuM AyuSya teNe bhagavyuM che, kemake keTalAka jainagraMthamAM (ka. se. su che. TIkA; hatuM ema lekhAze; tema rANI baLazrInuM maraNa pR. 128)mAM tene samaya ma. sa. 444=I. sa. pU. ochAmAM ochI gaNatrIe upara jaNuvyA pramANe, 26 Apyo che jyAre vizeSabhAge tene samaya ma. sa. je tenA pitra naM. 18nA rAjya 21mA varSa I. sa. pU. 544=I. sa. 74 lekhAvyo che. AMka saMkhyA , lAgyA che. eka saMkhyA 26mAM thayuM hoya to teno pati naM. 15 vALo 544 ne badale 444 lakhavAmAM keI ne hastaSa svAtikaNu I. sa. pU. 92mAM jyAre gAdIpati thayo tyAre paNa saMbhavI zake che ane AvA te hastaSa karyAnA teNunI uMmara (naM. 16 vALAnI umaranA hisAbe) Azare aneka daSTAMto bane jaina tathA vaidika dharmanA pacIseka varSanI lekhanI raheze. aTale teNune janma granthAmAM prAcIna samaye thayAnAM maLI paNa Ave che. i. sa. pU. 117mAM thayAnuM nedhavuM paDaze. A gaNatrIe vaLI tenA varNanane aMge je hakIkata lakhavAmAM AvI teNIe 90 upara varSanuM AyuSya bhogavyuM gaNAze.

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ekAdaza pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra--(17) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi phe' ariSTakarNaH-- tenAM vividha nAmAnA tathA uMmaranA Apela khyAla-zakaprajA sAthe tene laDavAM paDela be yuddhanAM sthAna sAthe Apela samajUti tathA te bannenA TharAvI Apela samaya-kApharanI laDAInA sthAnanA karelA niNaeNya-je zakaprajA (zAhIprajA)ne vidhvaMsa teNe karI nAMkhyAnuM kahevAya che te prajA vize ApelI keTalIka mAhitI tathA tenA samayanI karelI carcA-pUrvajane lAgela kalaMka dhAI nAMkhI, kIrtine punaH ujajavaLa karI batAvI che temAM samAyala suddAnA batAvela marma, tathA te sAthe rAjakAraNanuM nimitta nahatuM tenuM samajAvela rahasyagautamIputra vilivAcakurasa, gautamIputra yajJazrI ane gautamIputra zAtakaraNa vaccenA bhedanI parakha tathA te mATenAM Apela kAraNeA sahita dalIlA-dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNApathezvara vaccenA khatAvela taphAvata tathA kayA AMdhrapatine te banne birUdA lAgu paDe che tenI Apela samajUti-AMdhrapatione kaliMgapatie paNa kahetA te kayArathI ane zA mATe, tenuM Apela vistRta varNana-zatavahanavaMzI vAsiSThaputra tarIke oLakhAtA rAjA sAthe joDAyalAM lagabhaga cha sAta birUdo ane te darekanA samajAvelA bheda-amarAvatI pATanagaranAM sthAna ane AyuSyanA karelA vivAda tathA atyArasudhI tadna aMdhArAmAM paDI rahela tenI jAheAjalAlInA Apela citAra-gautamIputra dhAraNa karelI nItinAM keTalAka zajasUtreAaMtima samaye temaNe dIdhelAM dAnanI ane karelI kAMsIla vahIvaTanI sthApanA vizenI carcA

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ekAdaza pari cheH ] ariSTakaNanAM nAma tathA umaranI mAhitI Treka paricaya nAma tathA umara zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) (17) gAtamIputra zAtaraNi urphe aSTikarNa naM. 15 vALA svAtirNa ane tenI gautamI-khAvavAmAM AvyA che. geAtrI rANI khaLazrInA khe putromAMnA A nAneA putra thatA hatA. peAtAnA mATAbhAI evA naM. 16 vALA dIpakarNie rAjagAdI cheADI dIdhI te samaye tenA putra kArya haiyAta na hovAthI, peAtAnI mAtAnI salAhapUrvaka teNe gAdI saMbhALI lIdhI hatI. tenuM rAjya I. sa. pU. 72 thI 47 sudhI 25 varSa cAlyAnuM noMdhAyuM che, krA. AM. rU. mAM pR. 66 upara je AMdhrapatinuM krASTaka utArAyuM che temAM bhagavatapurANanA AdhAre A rAjAnuM nAma aniSTakarmana jaNAvyuM che. aniSTa eTale naIcchavA ceAgya ane karma eTale kArya; matalaba ke, na IcchavAyAgya kArya karanArA tene kahyo che. eTale samajAya che ke A rAjA jaina matAnuyAyI haiAvAthI (jIe pu. 2, sikkA naM. 75) tene dharmadeSanA kAraNe purANakAre e AvuM nAma kadAcadaI dIdhuM haze. chatAM nyAya khAtara kahevuM paDaze ke yugapurANamAM tene uttama rAjA lekhI tenA zauryanI prazaMsA karI che. eTale samajavuM rahe che ke, bhagavatapurANunA zabdo kadAca dharmadevane lIdhe hAya ane yuga purANanA teNe karela kAryane aMge hAya. vaLI teNe zakraprajAne harAvavAmAM zakAri vikramAdityane madada karIne tenA jeTaluM ja parAkrama dAkhavela DhAvAthI, zakAra vikramAdityane bheda khatAvavA, zudraka vikramA ditya (zUdra vaMzamAM thayela heAvAthI) nuM nAma amarakAzakAre tene apyuM che (jIe pR. 206). tema bhAratakA prAcIna rAjavaMza pu. 2, pR. 169 mAM tene ritavarNe tathA vikRSNa nAmathI eALakhAvyA che. saMbhava che ke A nAme tenA zarIranI cAmaDInA raMgane laine (1) gu. va. sA. nuM buddhiprakAza pu. 76, pR. 88; lekhaka marahuma divAna bahAdura kezavalAla hradAca dhruve vyAkhyAna rUpe Apela che ( A vyAkhyAnanuM vAya [ 213 vaparAyAM DhAya. jyAre A rAjAnA zilAlekha ane sikkAomAM te, tene tenI mAtAnA geAtra uparathI gautamIputra zAtakaraNanA sAmAnya nAmathI ja eLa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat teNe zakaprajAne harAvavAmAM zakAri vikramAdityane madada ApI hatI. A uparathI, zakaprajAnA hArI gayA bAda te zakanA rAjA, je nAsI chUTayeA hatA teNe, pAchuM joituM baLa meLavI A madada karanAra AMdhrapati upara, vaLatA humalA vaira vALavA karyAM hatA. te samaye AMdhrapatinA tAbAmAM kaliMgadeza hAvAthI yugapurANamAM tene kaliMgapati zAta" tarIke varNavyeA che. te nIcenA zabdothI spaSTa thAya che. (jIe pu. 4 pR. 20 pakti cha) " pachI te dhanane lAbho bhuMDAine bharele, pApI mahAbaLavAna zaMkapati kaliMgarAja zAtanI bhUmine bhUkhyA, kaligadeza para caDAi karI jIva khAze. ane bhAleADAMthI saMgrAmamAM aMga vaDhAI jai sarve dhIca, adhama zakAnA saMhAra vaLaze te niHsaMzaya che. pachI te zAMtimAM uttama rAjA, pAAnI senAthI pRthvI hastagata karI dasamuM varSa jIvatAM maraNa pAmaze. " AmAM varNavela banAva I. sa. pU. 57 ke te bAda thADA mAsamAM banya hovAnuM noMdhAyuM che. (jIe pu. 4 zakAra vikramAdityanuM vRttAMta) eTale te hisAbe dasa varSa pachI, I. sa. pU. 47 mAM A kaligapati zAta rAjA ariSTakarNanuM meAta zAMtipUrvaka thayuM che ema pUravAra thAya che. vaLI naM. 16 vALA rANI khaLazrInA moTA putra hAine, Azare I. sa. pU. 75 mAM jyAre te gAdIe beThA tyAre tenI umara 25 varSanI gaNAi che eTale A nAnA putranI e traNu varSa nAnI lekhI, tene janma I. sa. pU. 90 nA arasAmAM nAMkhIzuM ane te hisAbe I. sa. pU. 47 mAM tenA maraNa samaye pu. 4, pR. 19 upara ApaNe utAryuM che.) temAM pR. 20, paMkti 12 pachI te zAntimA uttama rAjA'' vALA zabdo, lakhyA che te atra Apela hakIkata sAthe sarakhAnA, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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214 ]. zaka prajA sAthenAM ariSTakarNanAM yuddhane samaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa te Azare 50) varSane hovAnuM dhArIzuM. A pramANe vaLI gayo hato tethI te yuddhane ja ApaNe to aMtima tenAM nAma tathA umara vizeno khyAla samajI le. yuddha lekhIzuM. e vastune svIkAra karyAne artha ema rAjA gautamIputrane zaka prajA sAthe be vakhata thayu ke kaligabhUmi uparanuM yuddha paheluM hatuM. bIjI yuddha thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. eka vakhata zakAri vikramA- bAju ema kahevuM ke kaliMgabhUminA yuddhamAM zakapatinuM dityanI madadamAM rahIne ane te maraNa nIpajavA pAmyuM hatuM; te prazna uThaze zaka prajA sAthenA bIjI vakhata svataMtra rIte zaka- ke eka vakhata marI gayA bAda zakAri sAthenA yuddhonA samaya patinI sAthe, kaliMganI bhUmi bIjA yuddhamAM pAcho zapati A kayAMthI? upara (juo pu. 4, pR. 20) kAMI zakapati ke anya keI uparI amaladAra athavA tenI najIkamAM ke je laDAImAM zakapatinuM maraNa sivAya ekalI prajA pitAnA nAme ke jokhame te nIpajyuM che tathA dhIca, adhama, zaka prajAno saMhAra laDayo na ja kare. eTale zAri sAthenA yuddhane vaLI gayo che. A be yuddhamAMnuM kayuM paheluM thavA aMtima dhAravAnuM mithyA che. bIjI rIte paNa te muddo pAmyuM hatuM te zodhI kaDhAya te, itihAsanI keTalIka puravAra karI zakAya che. zaka prajAnA ItihAsa uparathI ghaTanAo je tenA rAjyavize banI hovAnuM manAyuM (pu. 4 mAM juo) samajAya che ke teo IrAna taraphathI che. te upara sAro evo prakAza paDe che. rANI baLa- utarI AvyA hatA ane varSARtu besI javAthI zrInA lekha (juo lekha naM. 13) uparathI samajAya cheDA vakhata sudhI saurASTramAM sthiratA karI rahyA che ke teNe Restored the glory of his fore- hatA. pachI RtunI anukULatA thatAM temaNe yuddha fathers & destroyed the sakas= teNe laDavA mAMDayuM hatuM; have je zakAri sAthenuM yuddha pitAnA pUrvaje gumAvelI kIrti punaH saMpAdita karI chelle ja gaNavuM hoya te, svAbhAvika rIte mAnI hatI ane zakamajAno vidhvaMza karI nAMkhyo hato. levuM ja paDaze ke kaligabhUmi uparanuM yuddha prathama eTale ke te laDAImAM teNe zaka prajAne khaDo kADhI teo laDyA hatA. vicAro ke saurASTramAMthI nIkaLIne nAMkhyo hato ane te bAda kaprajAnuM nAma moTe bhAge prathama gujarAta ane mALavA upara hale laI javAnuM itihAsamAMthI adazya thaI gayuM hatuM ema kahevAnI temane sugama paDe ke, dezanA eka nAkethI-pazcimethI matalaba che. A hakIkatane teNe zaka prajA sAthe laDelA nIkaLI bIje nAke-pUrve AvI rahela kaligasudhI ane uparamAM jaNAvelA be yuddhanI sAthe sarakhAvIzuM. pahoMcI javuM sugama paDe. vaLI trIje muddo e che ke te tarata ja spaSTa thaI jaze ke, je yuddhamAM punaH prajA hidamAM je utarI AvI hatI te mALavakArti saMpAdita karela che te kaliMganI bhUmi upara patie karela anyAyanuM nivAraNa karavI ane kAlikalaDAyela bIjuM yuddha ja hovuM joIe. kAraNa ke temAM sUrinA teDAvyAthI, nahIM ke kaligapatie karelA keAI ja zakapati pote maraNa pAmyo che tathA yugapurANamAM anyAyathI ke jenuM kAMI mULe nathI tema saMbaMdha paNuM karela varNana uparathI ema paNa jaNAya che ke te ja nathI. A prakAranI traNatraNa taraphanI vastusthiti yuddhamAM ghaNA zakane dhANa vaLI gayA che. tathA eka nihALatAM cakkasa thAya che ke, zakAri vikramAditya vakhata zapati ane tenI zakaprajA nAza pAmI sAthenuM yuddha prathama che ane kaligabhUmi uparanuM yuddha jAya tyAre ja te adazya thaI gaI kahevAya. eTale te chelluM che. pahelAne samaya I. sa. pU. 57 che sAbita thaI gayuM ke kaliMganI bhUmivALuM yuddha zaka eTale bIjAne samaya, te bAda thoDA mAse I. sa. prajAnA astitva mATenuM aMtima hatuM. dalIlanI pU. 56 ne TharAva paDaze. khAtara ema kaI prazna kare che, zakAri vikramAditya pR. 4, pR. 82, TI. 70mAM sUcanA karI che ke, * sAthe khelAyela yuddhamAM paNa agaNita zakane dhANa zakAri vikramAditya sAthe zaka prajAne je laDAI thaI

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ekAdaza pariracheda 3. kArUnuM sthAna [ 215 hatI te sthAnanuM nAma kArUra hatuM ane A kAra kyAM be pakSa vacce yuddha jAme, tyAre dekhItuM ja che ke, te AvyuM te saMbaMdhI amArA vicAra beunA lazkarane bheTa vaccenA pradezamAM ja thAya. temAM kArUranuM sthAna ,, 5 mA jaNAvIzuM. atra ApaNe paNa dakSiNahiMdavALo pakSa humalo karanAra che eTale zakaprajA sAthenA yuddhanI vAta te potAnA sthAnathI ghaNe ja AgaLa vadhI Avelo karI rahyA chIe. temanI sAthenAM banne yuddha A gautamI- mAna rahe. jyAre bacAvapakSane avaMtivALo samuha putra zAtakaraNi laDayo hato. temAMnA ekamAM pote svataMtra bahu thelaDI majala karI Ave, tyAMja duzmanane maLI rahIne ane bIjAmAM zakAri vikramAdityanI sAthe ja mAnavo rahe. A siddhAMta dhyAnamAM rAkhIne madadamAM rahIne laDayo hato. svataMtra yuddha kaliMga bhUmi jo kArUranA sthAna vize je sarva maMtavyo thaI rahyAM upara thayuM hatuM (juo uparane pAri.) ane zakAri che teno vicAra karIzuM to, kAMIka pAke pAye nirNaya sAthe maLIne laDAyaluM yuddha kArUra mukAme hatuM. eTale upara AvI zakAze. A viSaya paratve 5. 4mAM sudhInI hakIkata puravAra karI gayA chIe. A kArUra aSTamakhaMDe keTalIka vicAraNA karI, keTalAMka sthAnonI gAma kaLyAM AvyuM te ja have zodhavuM rahe che. azakyatA joI lIdhI che eTale te choDI daIzuM. eTaluM nakkI thaI gayuM che ke, A yuddhamAM laDanAra atre te zakya sthAnanI ja vicAraNA karavI rahe che. eka pakSe je zakamaja hatI temAM temane madadagAra zAhI tevAM sthAnomAM eka maMdira che. jo ke te vize paNa rUSavadAttavALI hindI zakaprajA, athavA tenA saMbaMdhamAM pu. 4, pR. 72, TI. naM. 4ramAM jaNAvI dIdhuM che ke, kSaharATe ke tevI ja paradezI prajAnA chUTAchavAyA maMdasora vartamAnakALanA ratalAma zahera pAse AveluM aMzo, temaja rUSabhadatte pitAnA sasarAnA rAjyakALa che, eTale ke avaMtinI uttara dizAe; jyAre ApaNe daramiyAna ajamera najIkanA puSkara mukAme jItelA uparanA siddhAMta pramANe te laDAinA sthAnanI jagA uttamabhadra kSatriya I-AvI bhinnabhinna prajAno banelo avaMtinI dakSiNe AvavI joIe ema cokhkha samuha hatA. A sarvanuM sthAna-mukhya mathaka avaMti- jaNAvyuM che ane kalpanA karatAM siddhAMta vadhAre ujaina prAMtamAM hatuM, jyAre bIjA pakSe vikramAditya majabuta gaNAya che. mATe maMdiranuM sthAna je kevaLa gardabhIla hate. pelI zakaprajAnA hAthe pitAnA pitA kalpanAne lIdhe ubhuM karyuM che tene tyAga karavo paDaze. gAMdharvasenanI hAra (jAo pu. 4 pR. 14) thatAM, te eTale have kevaLa eka ja sthAna dakSiNAdhipatinA Azraye jai rahyo hato. evI sUcanA maLI che ke mahunI dakSiNe viMdhyA avaMtimAMnA zakaprajAnA rAjaamalanA sAta varSa parvatamAM jyAM purANI mAhiSmatI nagarInuM sthAna che sudhI (I. sa. pU. 64thI 57 sudhI) teo dakSiNanA tyAM AgaLa A kArUra AvyuM hatuM. A sUcanA AMdhrapatinA Azraye rahI joitI sAmagrI ekaThI ApaNA siddhAMtane sarva rIte saMtoSatI mAlama paDe che karI, ati Upara potAnA pitAnI gAdI zaka eTale te ApaNe vadhAvI laIzuM. A mAhiSmatInuM pAsethI pAchI meLavavA hale laI AvavAnA hatA. sthAna ghaNuM karIne narmadA nadInA uttara kinAre che. matalaba e thaI ke, eka pakSa avaMti tarapha hato ane pachI tyAMja ApaNe paNa kArUnuM sthAna TharAvavuM ke, bIjo pakSa dakSiNahindamAM hatuM. eTale jyAre A tApI nadI ane narmadA nadInA vaccenA pArvatIya (2) AdhAra maLI Ave to vadhAre sAruM. tapAsa karavAne maMtavya paNa TAMkyAM che tathA jaNAvyuM che ke, A laDAI kAma lAge mATe ahiM niza ja karI lIdho che. lAdezamAM thaI hatI. "buddhiprakAza" pu. 81, aMka 1; purANa AdhAre eka lekha thAsaritasAgara pramANe paNa kArUnI laDAI lATadezamAM . dha. caM. munazIe lakhyuM che temAM paMDita jayasvAlajInA thavAnuM jaNAya che,

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216] zAhI vaMzane ANele aMta tathA samaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa pradezamAM TharAvavuM, te te mAtra paMdara vIsa mAIla Adhe. te hatuM ja. (4) paNa rUSabhatti trirazmi parvatanA pAsene ja prazna rahe che. jyAM maTI ne meTI bhUla tapasvIo mATe je dAna kareluM hatuM te pheravavA jevI paNa cAlI jatI hoya che ane lAcArIpaNe sthitimAM pate te samaya sudhI A naheAte; jyAre calAvI laIe chIe, tyAM ATalo nAne kera kAMI koI evI sthiti atyAre ubhI thavA pAmI hatI ke visAtamAM lekhAvo na joIe. sAra e thayo ke jene lIdhe te have A pheraphAra karavA zaktivana kAranuM sthAna jyAM narmadAnadI bIravANI saMsthAna- banyo hate. atre ApaNe A naM. 4 vALI sthitine mAMthI pasAra thAya che tyAM athavA tenA kinArAthI thaDe vicAra karavAnuM che. dUra AveluM hovuM joIe ane tyAM I. sa. pU. 57mAM lekha naM. 1thI 35 sudhI nAsikanA pAMca zilAA laDAI thaI hatI. leothI jANI zakAyuM che ke rUSabhadakti tyAM I. sa. pU. uparanA be pArAmAM zakaprajAnI sAthenA banne 118thI 113 sudhInA pAMca varSomAM kAMIne kAMI dAne yuddho: (1) kArUra mukAme I. sa. pU. 57mAM zakAri karyuM che. tema nahapAnuM vRttAMta lakhatAM pUravAra karAyuM sAthe madadamAM rahIne ane (2) che ke A sthAna upara tenI AjJAthI ja tene jamAI zAhI vaMzane bIjuM kaligabhUmi upara zakapati rUSabhadatta caDAI laI gayo hato ne te pradeza chatI ANelo ata ane tenA maLatiyA zakaprajAnA lIdhe hato. eTale ke A dAna karanAramAM nahapAnuM tathA samaya sainya sAthe I. sa. pU. pa0mAM ane rUSabhadattanAM nAma joDAyelAM che. temAMno eka, svataMtra rIte, gautamIputre laDayA nahapANu te I. sa. pU. 74mAM maraNa pAmI cUkI hovAnuM sAbita thaI gayuM che. have eka trIjo mudAnI hato. eTale tenA nAmanI bahu paravA karavA jevuM vicAraNuM hAtha dharIzuM. rahyuM nahotuM. paraMtu rUSabhadatta jIvate hate. ne jyAM - nAsikanA zilAlekha naM. 7 (paMcama paricchede sudhI te jIvatA hoya ane tenA upara chata na meLavI juo)thI ApaNane jJAta thAya che ke bennATakanA zakAya, tyAMsudhI tenuM kareluM dAna pheravavA jeTalo svAmI gautamIputra A vakhate vaijyati jItIne tyAM adhikAra paNa pitAne kyAMthI heya, ema gautamIpitAnA lazkara sAthe mukAma karI rahyo che. tyAMthI putranuM mAnavuM thatuM hoya te yathAyogya che. A rUSagovaradhana prAMtanA potAnA sUbAne hukama karamAve che ke bhadatta ke tene zAhIvaMza I. sa. pU. 74mAM neha5NunA rUSabhadatta je dAna ApyuM hatuM te have pote ApyuM che mRtyu bAda, saurASTramAM rAjasattA bhogavatA hatA ema ema rikAra sacavatI noMdha karavI. Ano samaya potAnA pu. 3 nA dazamAM paricchedamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. rAye 18 muM varSa che eTale ke 54 I. sa. pU.; A tenI sattA kaDedhaDe I. sa. pU. 65 sudhI te saurASTramAM lakhANathI traNa cAra bAbatano pATha ApaNane maLe pelI zakaprajA, zakasthAnamAMthI AvIne kAlikasUri che. (1) I. sa. pU. 54mAM pite bennATakane rAja- sAthe utarI tyAMsudhI hatI. te bAda A rAkakartA hatA. eTale ke tenI rAjagAdI enATakanI prajAe avaMti jItI lIdhuM ne tyAM rAja karavA amarAvatI nagare I. sa. pU. 54nI paNa pUrve mAMDayuM. tathA chevaTe A zAkapati pAsethI zakAri kayAranIye sthapAI gaI hatI. (2) pate rAjA hato vikramAditye avaMtine pradeza I. sa. pU. 57mAM chatAM lazkaranI saradArI laIne yuddhamAM medAne paData chatI lIdhe tyAMsudhI 5Nu, saurASTrapati tarIke ane jIta meLavavAmAM sahAyarUpa thatA. (3) pote zAhIvaMza cAlu ja hato. alabatta, rUSabhadatta pote vaijyatimAM beThe che ne govardhana prAMtanA sUbAne gAdIpati hato ke tene putra devakuka te prazna judo che. hukama Ape che eTale ema paNa sAbita thaI gayuM paraMtu zAhIvaMza paNuM zakaprajAne eka aMza hoIne ke te prAMta paNa I. sa. pU. 54mAM tenI hakumatamAM zakaprajAnuM astitva hatuM ema kahI zakAya ja. A

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] kalaMka ke ujavaLatAne gAdI sAthe saMbaMdha nathI [ 217 pramANe eka sthiti thaI. jyAre upara pR. 216 naM.1mAM eTale A prasaMga zAtavAhana vaMzane kalaMka samAna hatA. kahI gayA chIe ke I. sa. pU. 54nI pahelAM, gautamI- paNa te bAda rANI baLathInA putra gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe putre potAnA sUbAne rUSabhadattanuM nAma pheravI nAkhavAne kSaharaTi ane zaka prajAnuM nikaMdana kADhI nAMkhI, junA hukama Apyo che. temAM trIjI bAjue e hakIkata che paiThaNane samajAvIne navuM nagara banAvI, pote rAjagAdI ke gautamIputre zaka prajAne kaliMganI bhUmi upara I. sa. pAchI tyAM lAvyo hato. A banne kAryane te vaMzanI pU. 56mAM harAvI khalAsa karI nAkhI hatI. matalabake gayelI kIrti punarjIvita karyA samAna gayuM che. A A traNe banAvo zilAlekha AdhAre nirdhArita hovAthI ane prasaMge keTaleka aMze satya che chatAM, te sAthenAM nizaMka ja gaNavAnA che. temaja te sarvane samaya kAraNa to kopanika joDI kaDhAyala samajAya che. I. sa. pU. pa0 thI 54 sudhInA 3thI 3 varSanA naM. 12 ane 13nA jIvana vize lakhatAM ApaNe gALAno ja che. temAMye lekha naM. 7 mAM jaNAvyA batAvI gayA chIe ke hAra je khAvI paDI che te pramANe zakaprajAno, sAthe sAthe kSaharATa ane yavana kalaMka te che ja, paraMtu te samaye temane tyAMthI gAdInuM ItyAdine saMhAra paNa vaLI gayo che. eTale zakAri sthAna pheravavuM paDayuM nathI. kemake te pUrve keTalAMya vikramAdityanA yuddhane aMge ane kaliMgabhUmi upara varSothI pATanagara te amarAvatImAM laI javAmAM thayela yuddhane aMge ja, sthitine nirNaya karavA ApaNe AvyuM hatuM. eTale je kalaMka samAna hatuM, te te mAgatA hoIe to, I. sa. pU. 56mAM ja zaka prajAne temanA pavitra tIrthasthAne gumAvavAM paDayAM hatAM tene aMta AvI gayo gaNuM paDaze. paraMtu nAsikanA lIdhe hatuM. matalaba ke te lAgela kalaMkanA kAraNarUpa zilAlekhamAMnI hakIkatane paNa, sughaTita rIte sAMdhavA rAjakIya tattva karatAM dhArmika tatva hatuM. jyAre kIrtine mAMgatA hoIe te, rUSabhadattanuM nAma jyAre I. sa. pAchI ujajavaLa banAvavAnA kAraNamAM, je prajAnA . 54 sudhI nAbuda nathI ja thayuM, tyAre tene vaza hAthe mULamAM mAra khAne paDayA hatA. te ja, prajAne ke te pote tyAM sudhI jIvate che, ema gaNIne zAhI harAvIne nirmULa karI nAkhavAmAM AvI hatI, teTale vaMzanI sattAno aMta I. sa. pU. 54 mAM AvyAnuM aMze barAbara che. paraMtu te thayela jItanA pariNAme eka vikalpa tarIke ApaNe mAnI levuM rahe che. je rAjapATa punaH te pradezamAM lAvavAmAM AvyuM ke pu. 7, pR. 360 ane 37ra mAM ApaNe kahyuM che hatuM te vAstavika nathI. te aneka draSTAMtathI sAbita ke rUSabhadattanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. peTamAM thayuM hatuM. ane te karI zakAya che. (1) prathama te jyAM rAjapATa khasebAda devaNukanI sattA jAmI hatI tathA tenuM maraNa I. sa. DavuM ja paDayuM nathI tyAM pAchuM te sthAne lAvavAno prazna pU. 5ramAM thatAM te zAhIvaMzano aMta AvI gayo hato. upasthita thato nathI. (2) lekha naM.13mAM "navanarasvAmI' eTale A pramANe tyAM have sudhAro karavo rahe che. lakhela che. te sthAne "navanagara' banAvIne je artha lekha naM. 13 mAM zatavAhana vaMzanI kIrtine besAravo paDayo che te artha ja, eka vakhata pUrve karela gAtamIputre punaH ujajavaLa karyAne je ullekha che tene bhUlane sAcI TharAvavA mATe kalpanAthI upajAvI vidvAnoe ema ghaTAvyo che ke, nahapAnA samaye kADha paDela che. A hakIkata ApaNe te lekhanuM varNana rUSabhadatte tathA pradhAna ame te karatAM saMpUrNapaNe samajAvI che. (3) te pradezanA aneka kalaka ke ujavaLa vakhatanA zAtakaraNine harAvIne sthAne, rUSabhadatta temaja zAtavAhana vaMzavALAe, je tane gAdI sAthe nAsika ane tenI AsapAsane prakAranAM dAna ApyAM che te noMdha uparathI, zaMkAsaMbaMdha nathI mulaka jItI lIdho hato. temaja rahita temaja taddana spaSTa rIte samajI zakAya che ke, te pradezamAM AveluM pATanagara tene rAjakAraNa sAthe aMza mAtra paNa saMbaMdha nathI. piThaNa khAlI karI javAnI temane pharaja pADI hatI. kevaLa dhArmika hetu ja te pAchaLa samAyela che. (4) 28

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- ---- -- - - - --- 218 ] gautamIputra zAtakaraNi eka ke bhinna bhinna [ ekAdazama khaMDa vaLA ruSabha jIta meLavI che te agAu. jema keTalAya 38-39 mAM (nAsika zilAlekha naM. 7, pR. 47ne samayathI te dezamAM gAdI pheravavAmAM AvI che, tema havAle ApI ) gautamIputra vibhivAyakurasane uddezIne kaSabhadattanA pakSa upara sAmI jIta meLavyA bAda keTa- jaNAvyuM che ke "The edict is to the effect lAya varSo sudhI rAjanegara te pradezamAM lAvavAmAM ja that a certain field upto the present AvyuM nathI. eTale rAjapATane khaseDavAne ane pharI time in the possession of Rsabhadatt lAvavAnA prasaMgane te hArajItanI sAthe koI paNa prakAre shall be secured etc......adyApi je rUSabhalAgatuM vaLagatuM ja nathI. (5) temaja je pradezano vistAra dattanA nAma upara hatuM te havethI (bIjAne nAme laI sAtavAhanavaMzane I. sa. pU. 114 nI AsapAsamAM levAnI matalaba darzAvatI hakIkata lekhamAM che." eTale gumAvavo paDyo che, te to temaNe I. sapU. pa thI A pAchaLanA vAkyathI samajAya che ke te banne 54 sudhImAM A prajA upara jIta meLavI, te pUrve ja gautamIputrane temaNe eka mAnI lIdhA che. A banne pAchA meLavI lIdhuM hatuM. kemake jyAre I. sa. pU. kathanamAM ApaNane jo ke thoDeka pheraphAra to dekhAya 57 mAM gautamIputra zAtakaraNi pote, lazkarane laIne che paraMtu temaNe nizcayapaNe kAMI jaNAvela nahIM hovAthI kAri vikramAdityanI madadamAM kArUra mukAme thayela yuddha te upara ApaNe bahu nuktacenI karavA jevuM rahetuM laDavA mATe nIkaLyo che, tyAre nAsikAvALA pradezamAM nathI. have ApaNe svataMtra hakIkata ke anya purAvAthI thaIne ja tene pasAra thayAnuM samajavuM rahe che. ane je tapAsI joIe ke te bane vyaktio eka ja che ke te pitAne tAbe na hoya te zuM vinA harakate temAMthI bhinna bhinna che. amArA mata pramANe te banne nIkaLI zake kharo ?tethI puravAra thAya che ke, gumAvela bhinna ja lekhanI rahe che kAraNa ke (1) ekane gautapradeza to zAtavAhanavaMzIoe kayArane meLavI lIdhe bhIputra yajJazrI zItakaraNi kahevAya che jyAre bIjAne hato ja, eTale te pradezanI khoTa ke punaH prAptine gautamIputra zAtakaraNi evA sAdA nAmathI ja saMvepaNa kalAka ke yazanI nirmaLatA sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. dhAya che. eTale ke nAmamAM ja prathama darajaje te phera ' A prakAranA vidhavidha khulAsAthI have vAcakane che. (2) yajJazrI zAtakaraNinA keI paNa sikkAmAM khAtrI thaI haze ke je pramANe vastusthiti hovAnuM (juo sikkA naM 64, 29) caherA katarAyalo nathI samajAI rahyuM che tathA samajAvavAmAM AvyA kare che te kevaLa akSaro ja lakhela che. jyAre gautamIputra zAtapramANe che ja nahIM. tenuM svarUpa taddana juduM ja che. karaNanA sikkAmAM (juo sikkA naM. 75) cahere che, paMcama paricchede, zilAlekha naM. 5-6 (karI )nuM tema akSaro paNa che. eTale pu. 2, pR. 54 mAM jaNAvyA vivecana jotAM mAlUma paDe che ke ke. A. re. pusta pramANe yAzrIne samaya, pAzcAtya prajA sAthe Arya prajA kanA kartA che. resana sAhebane saMsargamAM AvI te pahelAne kare che jyAre gautamIautamIputra vili prathama najare, gautamIputra yAtrA putra zAtakaraNine saMsargamAM AvyA pachIne kare che. vAyarasa ane vilivAyarasa ane nahapANanA ane tema karatAM bane zAtakaraNinA samayanI vacce paNa gautamIputra zAta- maherA upara pharIne chApa pADa. ghaNe aMtara paDI jaze. (3) naM. 2 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe karaNi eka ke nAra pele gautamIputra zAtakaraNi gautamIputra zAtakaraNine samaya pAzcAtya prajAnI bhinna bhinna banne eka ja havA vize zaMkA sAthe saMsargamAM AvyA pachI je kare che tenI sAbitI ubhI thaI che ema jAhera karyuM che. paNa ApaNane temanA sikkAcitromAMthI upalabdha thAya paraMtu temaNe potAnA pustakamAM ja pR. 29 pAri che, kemake nahapAnA caherA upara gautamIputre pitAnI (3) ja, bAM. che. ra. e. se. 1927, 5.3, pR. 93 tathA a. hiM, I. trIjI AvRtti pR. 21; (Nahapan coins were restruck by Gautamiputra nahapANanA sikkA upara gautamIputre karIne chApa marAvI che.)

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] gautamIputra zAtakaraNi eka ke bhinnabhinna chApa paDAvI che. tema zilAlekhamAMthI paNa teja sthiti to the Andhras=IpaNa rIte zaMkArahita che puravAra thaI jAya che. kemake nahapAnA-samakAlIna ke. nAsika jIllA uparanI hakumata havethI (A rUSabhadatte ApeluM dAna (juo lekha naM 7) te potAnA pharamAna karyuM tyArathI jene samaya ApaNe I. sa. nAme pheravavAnI AjJA pharamAve che, jethI sUcIta pU. 54 TharAvI Apyo che. juo uparamAM pR. 216, thAya che ke pote rUSabhadattanI pAchaLa thayo che. , 1 vALe pATha) kSaharATonA hAthamAMthI nIkaLIne eTale ke nahapANa prathama thayo che ane pachI gautamI- AMdhranA hAthamAM AvI che." A pramANenA kathanathI putra thayo che. jyAre gautamIputra yagzrI nahapAnI temanuM maMtavya ema thatuM jaNAya che ke kSaharATa prajAnA pUrve thayo che, (4) ekamAM caherA jevuM kAMI ja nathI hAthamAMthI tarata ja te bhUmi AMdhraprajAnA hAthamAM jayAre bIjAmAM nahapANane cahero hatA ane te upara AvI gaI hatI. jyAre ja. be. baeN. je. e. se. nA gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA akSare lakhAyA che. (pa)ekamAM mata pramANe to "This proves conclusively tIra kAmaThA jevAM cihno che je, A zatavAhanavaMzI that Nahapan and Gautamiputra were AdinA rAjAonA sikkAcihno jevAM gaNAyAM che not contemporaries but were separated eTale te prAcIna samayanAM che, jyAre bIjAmAM cahero by a very long perid=A uparathI chevaTe pADela che je arvAcIna paddhatinI nizAnI rUpa gaNAya phalita thAya che ke nahapANa ane gautamIputra sahache. (6) ekanA sikkAmAM ujainanuM cina ja nathI, samayI to nahAtA ja paraMtu te baMne vacce ghaNA lAMbA jyAre bIjAmAM te prathama najare caDI Ave tevI kALanuM aMtara paDI gayuM hatuM." A lekhake gautamIputrane rIte kotarAyeluM che. AvAM AvAM aneka pramANathI samaya i. sa. 78 gaNAvyo che. eTale ke temanA joI zakAya che ke te bane nAma judI judI vyakti- maMtavya pramANe lagabhaga doDha varSanuM aMtara kalpAyuM nAMja saMbhave che. che. A pramANe eka pakSanI mAnyatAthI nahapANuM baMne gautamIputra bhinna bhinna sAbita thayA pachI ane gautamIputrane lagabhaga samakAlInapaNe lekhAvAya have temanA samayane vicAra karIe. prathama tamIputra che jyAre bIjA pakSanI mAnyatAmAM doDhaso varSane zAtakaNino samaya vicArI laIe. nAsika zilAlekha AMtarA batAvAya che. bemAMthI pAchaLanA pakSanI mAnyatA naM. 7 thI spaSTapaNe ane zaMkArahIta sAbita thaI upara vicAra karatAM dekhAya che ke tene bahu mAnya jAya che ke te, nahapANa ane rUSabhadattanI pAchaLa thI rAkhI zakAze nahIM, kemake doDhaso varSa jeTalA samayamAM che. vaLI jyAre nahapANunA caherAvALA sikkA upara keTalAya rAjAno rAjaamala cAlI gayo hoya ane tenuM potAnuM nAma paDAvyuM che tyAre sikkAlekhathI paNa teTalA samaya sudhI nahapANanA maheravALA sikkAe te hakIkata siddha thaI gaI lekhAya ja. paratu nahapANathI vaparAzamAM rahevA pAmyA paNa na hoya ke jethI tenA upara tarata pAchaLa tene samaya che ke thoDA kALe che te, gautamIputra pitAnuM mahoruM paDAvI zake. A mAnyatA uparanI hakIkatathI puravAra thayuM na gaNAya. je ke kema. baMdhabesatI thatI nathI lAgatI sivAya ke, bhaviSyamAM AM. re. pR. 48mAM " There can be little amuka pramANe banavAnuM che mATe nahapANanA sikkA doubt in any case, that it indicates jANI joIne amuka vakhata sudhI saMgrahita karI recent transfer of the Government in rAkhyA hoya. tema banavuM asaMbhavita che. A sthiti the Nasik dist. from the Ksaharatas jotAM, bIjA pakSanI mAnyatA karatAM, pahelAM pakSanI (4) jAo paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 7 nI hakIkata tathA tenI TIkAo, (5) jIo navI AvRtti 5. 3, 5, 65, ' Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dakSiNapathapati ane dakSiNApathezvaranA bheda 220 ] mAnyatA tarapha vadhAre pasaMdagI utaratI gaNuAya. chatAM samayanI ceAkhavaTa te| temAMthI paNa tAravI zakAtI nathI ja. paraMtu have ApaNane jyAre baMnenA samayanI pUrepUrI ane nizcayapaNe jANa thaI gaI che, tyAre kahI zakIe chIe ke nahapANunuM zAsana I. sa. pU. 114 thI 7440 varSanuM hatuM ane temAM paNa tene sikko A pradezamAM jo meDAmAM moDe| calaNumAM mUkAyA haiAya tA paNa tenA samaya i. sa. pU. 74nA kahevA paDe; jyAre gautamIputre A prAMta upara i. sa. pU. paNa pahelAM jIta meLavI hatI. eTale jo vahelAmAM vahelA peAtAnA caherA paDAvyA hAya tA paNa tenI sAla I. sa. pU. 57nI hAI zake. jethI AvI evaDI chApavALA sikkAenA AMtarA ochAmAM oche. 74-57=17 varSanA ane vadhAremAM vadhAre 114 (nahapANunA rAjyAbhibrekathI)47 (gautamIputranA maraNa sudhInA)=67 varSanA kahI zakAya. A banne rAjavInA sikkAnA samaya paratvenI vicAraNAne prasaMga upasthita thatAM, eka ADaprazna rUpe uparanI carcA karI nAMkhI che. paraMtu kharA praznana tA gautamIputra zAtakaraNInA samayane lagatA ja hatA, jenA rAjyakALa ApaNe. (dvitIya paricchede jIe) I. sa. pU. 72thI 47=25 varSanA TharAvyeA che. have gautamIputra yajJazrInA samaya vicArIe. je nAmAvaLI pariccheda khIjAmAM ubhI karI batAvI che te uparathI naM. 2 ane naM. 26 vALAe A nAme oLakhAvavAnA hakka dharAvatA kahI zakAya. parantu gautamIputra zAtakariNu naM. 17 vALAnI sarakhAmaNImAM je yajJazrInI vicAraNA karavAnI hAya, te to tenA pUrve thayelAnI ja hAya, eTale naM. 26 ne ApaNe khAda karavA paDaze. pachI tA mAtra naM. 2 vALA ja rahyo ane tenA samaya i. sa. pU. 414-381 tA che. eTale A banne gautamIputra (naM. 2 ane 17 vALA)nA vaccenuM aMtara lagabhaga cAra sadI jeTaluM paDI gayAnuM kahI zakAze. A uparathI siddha thaI gayuM ke zilAlekha naM. 5, 6, ane 7 mAM nirdiSTa thayela ane rANI maLazrInA putra tarIke prakhyAti pAmela zaiAtamIputra zAtakaraNi, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekADhazama khaDa ane gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNa te banne jUdI ja vyaktio che; eTaluM ja nahIM paNa te baMne vaccenuM aMtara lagabhaga cAra sadI jeTaluM paDI gayuM che. eTale te bahu najIkanA paNa na gaNI zakAya ke, jethI azaka ane priyardazananA kissAmAM jema banyuM che tema temane arasaparasa ekbIjAnA sthAne bhUlathI gAThavAI devAmAM Ave. eka bIjI vastusthiti vicAravI rahe che. uparamAM tA yajJazrI gaiAtamIputranI vicAraNA zilAlekhane AdhAre ja ApaNe karI che. paraMtu pu. 2 mAM sikkAcitrA naM. 64-65nA adhikAre Apela varNanathI ema samajAya che ke naM. 6 vALA AMdhrapati paNa yajJazrInA nAme oLakhAtA hatA. jo ke tenA nAmanA kAI zilAlekha maLI AvatA nathI eTale te pramANamAM te aceAkkasa kahI zakAya. chatAM ye sikkAmAM jyAre spaSTapaNe nAma lakhAyuM che ane anya prAsaMgika hakIkatane lIdhe tene naM. 6 vALA TharAvavA paDe che tyAre, te kamula rAkhI tenA samaya vize vicAra karI leve rahe che. tenA samaya I. sa. pU. 299-281=18 varSanA eTale naM. 2 pachI eka sadI pachInA gaNAze ane te hiMsAkhe e vaccenuM aMtara cAra sadIne badale traNa sadInuM lekhAze. paraMtu tethI karIne je sAra uparamAM ApaNe dArI kADhayA che temAM kAMi nyUnAdhika thatuM nathI ja. gAtamagAtrI rANI maLazrIe potAnA putra naM. 17vALA zAtakaraNanI ane pAtra taM, 18vALA vAsiSTha putra pulumAvI zAtakaraNanI dakSiNApathapati ane eLakha ApatA je aneka dakSiNApatyezvaranA zilAlekhA ApaNane smRtinA bheda vArasA tarIke ApyA che temAM naM. 7 nAsikanA vadhAre upayAgI hAvAthI temAM Apela vRttAMtanI madada laIne A pArigrAphamAM vivecana karavA mAMgIe chIe. naM. 7mAM peAtAnA putrane dakSiNApathapati ane naM. 13mAM peAtAnA pAtrane dakSiNApathezvara kahIne saMkhAdhyA che. ane lekhA pratyekanA rAjye 18mA varSe kAtarAvelA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] hAI te bannenA samaya vacce naM. 17nA rAjyakALa jeTaluM aMtara che. eTale tene hisAba karIne naM. chanA lekhanA vakhata I. sa. pU. 53 ane naM. 13nA lekhaneA I. sa. pU. 28 ApaNe teAMdhyA che. atra te baMnenA birUda vacce zuM taphAvata che tenI carcA karIzuM. naM. 17 vALA aneka dezAnA svAmI hatA. tenAM dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNApathezvaranA bheda nAmanI eka meTI hAramALA ApavA uparAMta temAM AvatA aneka parvatanAM nAmeAnI paNa alagAra rANI zrIe ApI che. jethI upara Tapake jonArane tA evA ja khyAla AvI jAya che ke ahe, A rAjAne tAe keTalI ye pRthvInA vistAra haze. jyAre naM. 18ne lagatAM varNanamAM rANIzrIe kAI pradeza ke parvatanAM nAma paNa ApyAM nathI, tema kAI prakAranuM lAMbuM lAMkhuM vivecana paNa karyuM nathI. mAtra tene dakSiNA pathezvara kahIne upadezyeA che. banne birUdane aMgrejImAM anuvAda karatAM "Lord of the Deccan" tarIke DaoN. rUpsane temane jaNAvyA che tathA te bAbatane peAtAnA abhiprAya vyakta karatAM kahyuM che. ka "It is significant that in this inscription the territorial title which Gautamiputra won by his conquests are not inherited by his son, who is simply styled " Lord of the Deccan " (Daksinapathesvara)=khAsa noMdhavA lAyaka che ke, pAte meLavela chatane lIdhe gaiAtamIputre je pradezAna lagatAM upanAme--khiA prApta karyA hatAM te, A zilAlekhamAM tenA putrane lagADavAmAM AvyAM nathI; tene teA mAtra dakSiNApatyezvara ja kahIne sukheAdhyA che.'' eTale ke temanI mAnyatA pramANe dakSiNApathezvara nAnA hAA che jyAre dakSiNApathapati meTA che athavA bahu bahu te kadAca sarakhA darajje baMne hAya, paraMtu dakSiNApathezvarane darajjo meATA hAyazrIe ema tA temanuM mAnavuM jarAye thatuM nathI ja. ke 'conquest=jIta' zabdane lIdhe A badhI bhAMja gaDa ubhI thaI lAge che. mULalekhamAM kayAMya 'jIta' zabda lakhyA ja nathI. tyAMtA mAtra 'svAmI'ja lakhela che eTale ke te pradezane te mAlika hateA. khAsa hakIkata nIcenA pAritrAmAM pUravAra karI dekhADI che. te pradeza pote tyA nahAtA, pazu tene vArasAmAM maLyA hatA. mAtra je teNe mahatvanuM kArya karI batAvyuM hatuM te, zaka ane kSaharATAne harAvI karIne, peAtAnA pUrvajonI AkharUte lAgela kalaMka dhAi nAkhyuM hatuM te ja; ane teTaluM smAraka jALavI rAkhavA pUratA ja zilAlekhatA hetu che. have A uparathI samajAze ke, gaiAtamIputrane zA mATe dakSiNApathapati tarIke khaLa . (6) juA paMcama pariccheda lekha na, 13, (7) vaLI na'. 18mAMnA rAjyavistAramAM A khAmata [ 221 AvA nirNaya--abhiprAya zA mATe temane ApavA paDayA haze te ApaNe kahI zakIe tema nathI; te enA artha vacce zuM marme che evuM temanA jevA vidvAna samajI na zake, tema paNa na kahI zakAya. paraMtu temaNe lakhela zabdo jarA khArIkAIthI ane vicArapUrvaka vAMcIe chIe te 'territorial titles= prAdezika khitAme-hAddAe"ne lIdhe teozrI pAtAnA anumAna dAravAne lalacAyA hoya ema dekhAI Ave che. jo ke te bAbatamAM pAchA peAtAnA vicAra jaNAvatAM lakhe che ke, while the place name in the inscription thus merely record the conquests of Gautamiputra and in no way represent the extent of his empire=jo ke lekhamAnAM sthaLAnAM nAmeA uparathI gaitamIputre meLavela chatAnI neAMdha nIkaLe che ane te uparathI kAi paNa rIte tenA sAmrAjyanuM mApa nIkaLI zakatuM nathI. eTale ke temaNe prAdezika vistAranA khyAla paNa rAkhela che ja. chatAM tyAre AvA zabda kema uccAravA paDayA che ! dekhAya che Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat oLakhAvyA che. jyAre tenA pAtra vAsiSThaputra pulumAvIe teA potAne je pRthvI uttare|ttara pUrvo samajAvavAmAM Avaze. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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rarara3 kaliMga deza paNa AMdhrapatine tAbe hate [ ekAdazama khaMDa taraphathI-ahIM kaho ke naM. 17vALA gautamIputra upara jIta meLavI, pitAnuM maMDiyApaNuM kabUla karAvIne taraphathI-vArasAmAM maLI hatI, temAM svaparAkramathI tene punaHsthApita karyo hato. chaThThA pachI sAtamAne chatI laI umero karyo hato. te eTale sudhI ke rAjaamala Avyo. tene paNa pitAnA rAjaamalanA dakSiNahiMdane je keTalAka bhAga atyAra sudhI koI lagabhaga poNA bhAga sudhI, tene te sthitimAM pasAra AMdhrapatine tAbe A nahe te paNa chatI karavo paDayo hate; parantu jevuM priyadarzinanuM maraNa lIdho hato ane te uparAMta siMhaladIpa paNa meLavI thayuM ke tarata teNe kheDiyApaNuM phagAvI daI svataMtrAdhikAra laI tyAM pitAno jhaMDo pharakAvyo hato. tethI ja jamAvI pADayo che. tyArathI te svataMtra kaliMgapati kahevarAteNIe pitAnA patrane dakSiNApathezvara kahIne vAya che. A samayathI mAMDIne naM. 17 sudhInA AMdhrasaMbo che. eTale ApaNe paMcama paricchede lekha patinA AdhipatyamAM te pradeza uttarottara utarI AvyA naM. 13nI hakIkatamAM je jaNAvyuM che ke "A che. eTale te sarvane kaliMgapati tarIke saMbodhI zakAya. be zabdomAM dakSiNApatha sAmAnya zabda che. uparAMta te ja pramANe yugapurANamAM paNa zAtavazI rAjAone ekamAM pati ane bIjAmAM Izvara zabda samAsarUpe kaliMgapati kahyA che. (jIo pu. 4, pR. 20mAM "buddhi joDayA che. pati zabdathI kevaLa svAmitva ja sUcavAya prakAza'ne utAro-kaliMgarAja zAta-evA zabdo che, jyAre Izvara zabdathI mAlikI, meTAI, caDiyAtA- lakhyA che). eTale jo ema kahIe ke, TheTha cheDenA thoDAka paNuM batAvavA uparAMta, pUjyabhAva paNa darzAvAya che. bhAga sivAya AkhuM dakSihinda AdhasattAmAM ja hatuM matalaba ke dakSiNApathapati karatAM dakSiNApathezvarane to te khoTuM nathI. AthI vAstavika dekhAze ke zakAri ho ghaNA prakAre caDiyAta che." te sarva kathana vikramAditye naM. 17vALA AMdhrapatinI kumaka zaka prajAne barAbara che ema A uparathI samajI levuM. harAvavA je mAMgI hatI te AvaDA moTA sAmrAjyanA sAmAnya rIte evo ja khyAla baMdhAI gayA che dhaNInA manathI evaDuM moTuM kArya kAMI nahotuM, sivAya ke, AMdhrapati ke zatavAhana vaMzanI sattA pazcima ke, temAM potAne svArtha kaI rIte sadhAta na hoya hindanA dariyA kinAre, bahubahu athavA te lokakalyANanI bhAvanA vinAne te prayAsa kaliMga deza paNa te godAvarI nadInA mukha pAse hoya. ApaNe jotA AvyA chIe ke sAmAnya rIte AMdhrapatine tAbe AvIne aTakI jatI hatI. AMdhrapatioe, vidhyAcaLa parvata vIMdhIne uttara tenI uttare eTale ke je bhUmine hindamAM AvI, jarA jeTalIe bhUmi meLavavA temaja vartamAnakALe madrAsa ilAkAne te upara pitAnuM svAmitva nibhAvI rAkhavA prayatna gaMjAma challo ane uttara sarakAra tarIke oLakhAvAya Adaryo nathI; hajuye kahI zakAya ke kevaLa . 7vALo che te te anya rAjAnI hakumatane pradeza ja gaNAta. avaMti sudhI doDI Avyo hato ane te vakhatanA mauyajyAre madrAsa ilAkAnA A bhAgane paNa bAkAta rakhAya vazI avaMtipatine teNe namAvyo hato. temAM paNa dezachata che tyAre tenI ye uttare Avela orissA prAMtanI hada meLavavA karatAM dharmapracAranI bhAvanA mukhyapaNe rahI te ApoApa temAMthI bAda tarIke ja rakhAtI gaNAya, hatI. te ApaNe tenA vartana uparathI joI zakyA paraMtu vAstavikapaNe tema hatuM ja nahIM. naM. 4, 5 ane chIe, kemake teNe mairyavaMzI bhUpatione ja pAchuM kA AMdhrapatinA vRttAte pUravAra karI gayA chIe ke avati soMpI dIdhuM hatuM. mAtra potAnuM varcasva jALavavA ' A badhI jamIna temanA kabajAmAM hatI. temaja naM. 6 pUrataja eka mANasane-puSyamitra senAdhipatine tyAMnI nA samaye samrATa priyadarzine te samayanA AMdhrapati darabAramAM te mUkato Avyo hato. AvI rIte parApUrvathI hatA tenI uttare che , 8) juo priyadarzinane dhaulI nagauDA zilAlekha; 5.1 5. 22, TI. na. 12 temAMnuM varNana.

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] vAsiSIputra ane tenAM vizeSaNe [ 223 pitAnA vaDIle e akhatyAra karelI rAjakAraNanI vikramAditya pAsethI meLavI nathI. te hakIkata paNa tenA pati je cAlI AvatI hatI te vinA kAraNe naM 17 pitAnA zuddha AzayanI pratiti pUre che; ane eTaluM vALa tyAga kare te samajI zakAya nahIM. eTale te kharuM ja che ke, niSkAmavRtti hamezAM kIrtine vizeSa kArinI madade utaravAmAM, je be kAraNo ApaNe dUragAminI karI zake che. ATaluM laMbANa vivecana eTalA uparamAM lakhI gayA chIe temAMnA eka kAraNane- mATe karavuM paDayuM che ke pUrve rAjAonA manamAM kevI pralobhanano maLe abhAva ja hato. pachI bIjuM kAraNa bhAvanAono vAsa thaI rahyo hato tene vAcakavargane je lokakalyANanI bhAvanAnuM rahyuM, tenAthI prerAIne te khyAla Ave tathA hAlanA bhUpatione te uparathI zakAri sAthe joDAyA hatA ane zaka prajAne kaccara- badhapATha maLI Ave. A pramANe naM. 17 vALA AMdhaghANa kADhI teNe nAsikalekha naM. 7mAM ketarAvyA patine tAbe je moTo pradeza gaNAto hato te teNe pramANe "Restored the glory of=punaH kIti jItIne kAMI meLavyo nahato, ema have siddha thayuM. saMpAdana karI hatI." matalaba ke AMdhrapatio kharI rIte matalaba ke DaoN. resane jIta tarIke jene gaNI kADhI che kaliMgapatio paNa hatA. nahapANanA samaye AMdhrapati. te pramANe nahotuM. paNa rANI baLazrIe jaNAvyA pramANe oe je thoDAka pradeza gumAvyo hato te te nAsikanI te pradezane te svAmI ja hatuM. eTale AgaLanA pAricAke pAseno hato. tene kAMI kaliMga sAthe saMbaMdha nahoto. dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNApathezvaranA arthane marma tethI kAMi kaliMgapati tarIkenuM temanuM birUda kheMcAI jatuM temane barAbara nahIM samajAyAne prazna ja uThAvAyo na kahevAya. vaLI te bhAga temanA sAmrAjyanA ekaMdara hato tene paNa svaye atra sphoTa thaI jAya che. temaja vistAranA samA bhAga jeTalo paNa thatA nahe. zIta rAjAone kaligapati je kahevAya che tene, rANI matalaba ke teTalo nAno pradeza khAvAthI temane kAMI baLazrIe kotarAvela zilAlekhothI samarthana maLI jatuM moTI khoTa jatI nahotI, paraMtu potAnA dharmanA pUravAra paNa thaI jAya che. mahA pavitra tIrtha sthaLe temAM cAlyA jatA hovAthI, A vaMzamAM jema aneka gautamIputro thayA che tema ane te samayanA rAjAo temane lagADAtA dharmapratipALa aneka vAsiSThaputro paNa thayA che. gautamIputro vizenI zabdanA artha pramANe ja-dharmanA mahAna rakSaka keTalIka oLakha ane carcA gaNutA hovAthI, teTalA nAnA zA pradezanI khoTa vAsiSThIputra agAu apAI gaI che. atra paNa, pitAnA vaMzane kalaMka samAna lekhatA hatA. A ane tenAM vAsiSTIputrano prazna chaNI laIe. kalaMka nirmULa karavAnA uddezathI, temaja avaMtinI ' vizeSaNa amAre dAvo nathI ke, ame prajAne temanA zapatio taraphathI je du:kho ane je vicAra atre jaNAvavAnA julma hADamArI bhegavavAM paDatAM hatAM tathA temAMthI chIe te taddana bhUla vinAnA che athavA te saMpUrNa ja temane mukti apAvavAnI prajAkalyANanI bhAvanAthI ja, che. paraMtu zilAlekha temaja sikkAonA-bArIka naM. 1vALA AMdhrapati zakAri sAthenA yuddhamAM, zaka- abhyAsa sAthe anya atihAsika banAvonI meLavaNI prajAnI sAme ubhe rahyo hato ane temAM yaza paNa karIne je nirNayo upara ame AvI zakayA chIe meLavyo hato. A yuddhamAM yaza meLavI ApyA bAda paNa teja mAtra raju karela che. eTale te viSayamAM uMDA teNe karela madadanA badalAmAM, leza paNa jamIna utaranArane te bahu madadarUpa jarUra nivaDaze eTaluM ame (9) Aja pramANe sudarzana taLAvanI prazastimAM, je teNe chatamAM meLavyA hatA evuM samajI levAthI keTalA pradezane rUdradAmana svAmI hatA, eTale ke tenI hakumatamAM ADA raste utarI javuM paDayuM che, te have A uparathI kayAranAe uttarottara vArasAmAM AvI gayela hatA, tene barAbara samajI zakAze. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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vAsiSThIputra ane tenAM vizeSaNA 224 ] bhArapUrvaka kahI zakIe chIe. je nAmAvalI dvitIya paricchede zeAdhI karIne jaNAvI che, temAM vAsiSThaputrasAthe nIce pramANenAM upanAmA-vizeSaNA athavA eLakha ApatA zabdo joDAyA dekhAya che. (1) vilivAya purasa (2) vidivaya rasa (3) vAsiSTha putra zAtakaraNa (4) pulumAvI (5) catrapaNuM (6) yajJazrI zAtakaraNa vASiIputra. jema AmAMnA catrapaNuM zabda kevaLa naM. 25ne ekalAne ja lAgela che tema yajJazrI vAsiSThIputra paNa (yajJazrI gautamIputrathI nirALeA paDI jAya che tethI tathA) kevaLa naM, 29 ekane ja joDAyela hAvAthI te ene oLakhI kADhavAne jarA paNa muzkelI naDe tevuM nathI. te ja rIte vilivAya kurasa vAsiSThIputra paNa (vilivAya gautamIputrathI judo paDI jAya che tathA) kevaLa naM. 1 te ja lAgu paDatA hAvAthI (jIe sikkA naM. 67-68) tene oLakhI kADhavA saraLa che. joke vilivayakurasanI sAthe kRSNa khIjo ke te prakAranuM khIjAM eLakha ApatuM nAma joDAyala kayAMka dekhAya che, paraMtu tethI teA sthiti vizeSapaNe spaSTa thai jatI gaNAya eTale tenI gaNatrI nirarthaka che. vaLI vilivayakurasa te paNa kevaLa naM. 4nuM ja upanAma hAi tenA kissA paNa mUMjhavatA nathI. A pramANe chamAMthI cAra vizeSaNAnA nikAla sahelAIthI ANI zakAya tevA che. bAkInA khenI-vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi tathA pulumAvInI--ja carcA karavA jevuM rahe che, [ ekAdazama khaDa tyAre sugamatAne sthAne ulaTI vikaTatA ubhI thAya che. A traNa pulumAvImAMthI hajI naM. 26 mATe sArUM che ke te gautamIputra che, jyAre naM. 7 ane 18 tA ane vAsiSThaputra che. vaLI banne bahu ja dIrdhakALI rAjakartA che. uparAMta banne ghaNI yazasvI kArakIrdi bhAgavI gayA che. eTale te ene ekamekathI eLakhI kADhavAnA mArge ati vikaTabharela thai paDe che. chatAM kahevata che ke kASTha kArya evuM nathI ke jene pAra pAmI na zakAya. mAtra tenI pAchaLa civaTAithI ane kharA jIgarathI maMDayA rahevuM joie. tevI rIte A e rAjAenA jIvanamAM je aneka banAvA banI gayA che tenuM barAbara smaraNa karI rAkhIe, te te ApaNane mArga mokaLA karI ApavAmAM bahu ja kIMmatI madada pUrI pADe che. naM. 6 ane 18 vaccenA marma samajavA mATe naM. vALA samrATa priyazinane samakAlIna hatA, tenA ja hAthe mAra khAdhA hatA, teneA khaMDiyA paNa dhaNA vakhata sudhI rahevA pAmyA hatA, I. I. aitihAsika banAvAnI mAhitIe sArA kALA pUrAvyA che; sAthe sAthe priyadarzinanuM sAMkratika cihna hAthI hatuM te vigate paNu sahAya ApI che. eTale A sarva hakIkatanA jJAnathI naM. 7 nA sikkA tarata eALakhIne judA pADI zakAyA che. A pramANe naM. 18 ane naM. 7 vAsiSTIputra pulumAvInA marma ukelAI gayeA che. alabatta, jyAMsudhI eka ja nAmadhArI paNa judIjudI vyaktinA jIvanabanAveAnI mAhitI na hAya ane kevaLa nAma mAtrathI ja temanuM sthAna ke samaya nakkI karavAM hAya, tA ghaNI rIte gAyAM khAvAM ja paDe che ane chatAMye sAcA nirNaya upara avAye. kharuM ke na paNa avAya. jemake, ja. e. bre e. sA. pu. 8, pR. 237 (lekhaka DaoN. bhAudAjI) jaNAve che ke, "We have long and valuable inscriptions of Gautamiputra who has hitherto been looked upon as the father of Pulumavi as wrongly stated in the Puranic list, Gautamiputra however appears from one of the Nasik inscriptions to have been the son of A upanAmavALAM traNa rAjAe che. eka naM. khate, bIjo naM. 18tA ane trIjo naM. 26. A traNe sAthe pulumAvI zabda lAgela che. A puchumAvIne artha zuM thatA haze tenI pUrI mAhitI amane nathI paraMtu te medhasvAti ane kRSNanI peThe vizeSa nAma hAvA|. saMbhava che. teTale darajje te nAma joDAvAthI sugamatA thaI paDe che. vaLI samajAya che ke sAMpratakALanI peThe prAcInakALe, pulumAvI prathama, dvitIya ke tRtIya ema lakhavAnI paddhati naheAtI. ahIM prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya puchumAvI ema ApaNe lakhyA che te, temanA samayanA anukramane lIdhe samajI levAM. eTale zilAlekhamAM ke sikkAmAM kayAMya mAmaja pulumAvI zabda najare caDe

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] amarAvatInuM AyuSya [ 225 Polamavi=ApaNane gaiAtamIputra vizenA lAMbA rahyAM che, ke jarAka sthaLAMtara thaI gayuM che jemake pATaliane kimatI zilAlekha maLyA che jene gAtamIputrane) putranuM paTaNA, mathurA I. I; AvAM prAcIna rAjagAdInAM purANonI nAmAvalImAM khoTI rIte darzAvyA pramANe sthAnamAMthI keTalAMkanAM vRttAMta ochA vadhatA aMze regya pulamAvInA pitA tarIke atyArasudhI oLakhAvya sthAne varNavAyAM che. jyAre keTalAMkanI khAsa viziSTatAche. paraMtu gaiAtamIputra to nAsikanA eka zilAlekhamAM ene ame tadana alaga pADI temano svataMtra paricaya palumAvInA putra tarIke dekhAya che." matalaba ke pairANika paNa karAvyo che. A svataMtra paricayamAM. sAMcI-vidizAne graMthanI nAmAvalImAM gaiAtamIputrane pulumAvInA pitA prathama pustake, temaja pATaliputra, mathurA ane takSiAne tarIke oLakhAvyo che jyAre nAsikanA zilAlekhamAM tRtIya pustake vRttAMta lakhavAmAM Avyo che. jyAre atra lumAvInA putra tarIke gaNAvyo che. amArA mate AMdhrapatinA eka evA rAjanagaranuM varNana karavA dhArIe banne jaNa sAcA che. ekakenuM kathana khoTuM nathI. De. chIe ke te vize vAcakavarganA moTebhAge lagabhaga zUnya bhAudAjInA khyAlamAM je pulumAvI nAmanA rAjAo jevuM ja sAMbhaLyuM haze. A nagaranuM nAma che amarAvatI. eka karatAM vizeSa thayAM che e hakIkata AvI hota caturtha paricchede rAjanagaranAM sthAnanI carcA to vicAra bIjI ja rIte vyakta karyA hota. DokaTara karatAM be sthAnane vizeSa mahattva apAyuM che; ane bhAusAhebe je nAsika lekhanI vAta karI che te aSTama paricchede te baMne-paiThaNa ane amarAvatI-e saMbhava che ke naM. 6 ane naM. 7 AMdhrapatinI bAbatane keTalo vakhata pATanagara tarIkenuM mAna bhAgavyuM hatuM hovo joIe. jyAre purANamAM nirdiSTa thayela pelA tenI carcA karI batAvI che. temAnuM paiTha-paiThaNa te naM. 1 ane 18 vALAo che. (alabatta naM. 17 hajI sudhI kAMI thoDI ghaNI pitAnI prAcIna geravatA, vALA naM. 18 no kA thAya che paraMtu, eka pachI jAnA purANA keTa ane bAMdhaNI rUpe, batAvatuM najare eka AvanAra benI vacce sAmAnya rIte pitAputrano paDe che. paraMtu amarAvatI kayAM AvyuM. te hakIkata saMbaMdha ja lekhAya che te gaNatrIe temaNe putra jaNAvyA paNa jyAM sAmAnyataH aMdhArAmAM paDI hoya, tyAM tenA dekhAya che). e daSTie bane mAnyatA satya ja che. avazeSanI ane bhavyatAnI nizAnIo jaLavAI rahI prAcInakALe ghaNuM sAmrAjya thaI gayAM che. che ke nahIM te prazna vicAravAnuM sthAna ja kayAM rahe temAMnA keTalAkanAM rAjanagaro evI rIte tadana che? upalapaNe tenuM thoDuMka varNana pu. 1mAM te vakhatanA adazya thaI gayAM che ke, tenuM bhAratIya soLa rAjyomAMnA 11mA dhanakaTakabennATakane amarAvatInuM nathI nAma nizAna jaDatuM ke itihAsa ApatAM lakhAI gayuM che. tenA saMkSipta AyuSya nathI te saMbaMdhI kAMI patto sArarUpe jaNAvI daIe ke tenuM sthAna, hAlanA madrAsa lAgata. jema ke siMdha- IlAkAmAM kaNAnadInA mukhathI pravAhamArge bhItaramAM savIranuM vItabhayapadaNa, aMgadezanI caMpAnagarI, i. 25 mAIla Asare AgaLa vadhatAM. jyAM bejhavADA I. jyAre keTalAMka rAjanagaro evI rIte bhAMgItUTIne zahera AvyuM che te pradezamAM che. amarAvatI nAmanuM nAmazeSa thaI gayAM che ke, je temanI jAhejalAlInuM eka gAmaDuM atyAre tyAM astitva dharAve che. A smaraNa ApaNane karAvavAmAM na Ave te te vidyamatA amarAvatI jema bejhavADAnI najIka che tema varamuLa khaDiyAne temanA dhAravAmAM ghaNuM ja saMkeca khama zaheranI paNa najIka che. te uparathI zodhapaDe. jemake, kezabe (kauzAMbI); sAMcI, (vidizA); khaLamAM macI rahelA keTalAka vidvAnoe, amarAbekhAra (vaizAlI); jyAre keTalAMkanA sthAna lagabhaga te ja vatIne badale varaMguLane10 ekadA pATanagara hevAnuM (1) ja, e. e. ra. e. sa. 1928, navI AvRti 5. 3. mi. bakhaleno lekha juo tathA ja, be. che. je. e. sa. pu. 8 mAM che. bhAdAjIne lekha 5. 23 juoH -Bennakatak is, I believe identical with Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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226 ] amarAvatInuM AyuSya [ ekAdazAma khaMDa lekhAvyuM che. paraMtu amArI mAnyatA ema che ke kahevAne harSa thAya che ke te amArI kalpanAne Teke hAla jyAM amarAvatI gAma che te ja kharuM sthAna ApanAra zilAlekha rUpI-pUrA maLI Avyo che. hovuM joIe. temaja te nagarane vistAra paNa anya tenuM varNana uparamAM paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 10mAM rAjanagaronI peThe ghaNA mAIlAmAM patharAyela hovAthI ke. A. 2. nA AdhAre ApavAmAM AvyuM che. te samaye tene pathAre bejhavADA taraphanI dIzA karatAM, emAM A stUpane naM. 18vALA AMdhrapatie meTI varaMguLanI dIzA tarapha vizeSa pramANamAM haze. tenA rakamanI bheTa dharyAnuM kahyuM che. eTale te uparathI sAbita khaDiyAmAMthI je moTo sUpa maLI Avyo che tenuM thAya che ke te tUpanuM mahAtma I. sa. nI Adi varNana pu. 1 mAM lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, vidvAnoe sudhI pUrepUruM jaLavAI rahyuM hatuM. temaja ne, 18 tene dharmanA smArakarUpa jAhera karyo che jyAre . vALe rAjA paNa khAravelanA je ja dharmapremI hate. amArI mAnyatA pramANe tene jainadharmanA prabhAvaka A vAta ahIM rahI; have ApaNe te amarAvatInA 25 jaNAvyo che. vaLI pu. 4 mAM kiliMgapati khAravelanuM AyuSya upara AvIe. jIvanacaritra lakhatAM je hAthIguphAnA zilAlekhane pu. 1mAM rAjA zreNika-bibisAranA vRttAMtathI lIdhe tenI kIrti sArI vidalI duniyAmAM jhaLakatI jANI cUkayA chIe ke, te gAdIe paNa nahotA ane amara banavA pAmI che. tenI sattare (1) patinA Avyo te I. sa. 5. pa83mAM rIsAIne ukelamAM sudhArAne kayAM kayAM sthAna che te sArI rIte nagare cAlyo gayo hato. tyAM be aDhI varSa rahyo hato phoDa pADIne vistArapUrvaka dalIla sahIta ApaNe sama- ane eka zreSTinI sunaMdA nAme kanyAne paraNyo hateA. jAvyuM che. temAM paNa khAsa karIne te caturtha vibhAge pR. teNInA peTe magadha mahAmaMtrI abhayakumArane janma thaye 316thI 20 sudhI sarva vAMcI javA bhalAmaNa che. hatA. A zreSTie-zreNikanA sasarAe te nagaranA tene TUMka sAra e che ke rAjA khAravele sADIADatrIsa rAjadarabAre je paradezI sodAgara mAla vecavA AvyA lAkha dravya kharaca karIne je mahAvijaya-mahAtya hatA tene saghaLe mAla ekalA hAthe mUlya cUkavIne nAme prAsAda baMdhAvyo hato te ja A amarAvatI kharIdI lIdhA hatA. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke, svapa che. A amarAvatI stUpanA prathama saMzodhaka je nagare te samaye paNa. AvI samRddhivALA gRhastha karnala mekajIe [jIo A. sa. sa. I. pu. 1; nyu zreSTie aneka saMkhyAmAM vasatA thaI gayA hatA tathA ImpIriyala sirijha pu. 6, 1882, pR. 23] tene je sthaLa vyApAranuM moTuM sthaLa banI rahyuM hatuM temaja jainadharmanA chotarUpa uccAryo hato, paraMtu pAchaLathI aneka vaNajhArI sodAgara, vahANamAM mAla bharI vidvAnoe te matane uthalAvI nAkhI dharmane avAranavAra tenA kAMThe utaratA hatA, athavA TUMkamAM jaNAvyo che. te sthAne lakheluM amAruM maMtavya, hAthI. kahIe ke jyAM ceryAsIbaMdarane vAvaTA pharakI rahyo hato, jkAnA ukelamAMthI maLI AvatI anya etihAsika tevA nagaranI sthApanA. nahIMtAye be traNa sadIthI sAmagrI uparathI, tathA karnala mekejIe je pustaka bahAra te thaI gaI hevI joIe ja. eTale ke I. sa. pADayuM che tenA vAMcana uparathI, tathA ghanakaTaka pradezanI pUnI navamI sadI gaNIzuM. tenI paNa pahelAM samAcita bhegI thayela ghaTanA ane vastuvarNana uparathI, banavA pAmyuM hatuM ke nahIM te nakkI karavAnuM, mAtra kalpanA karIne ame bAMdhyuM hatuM. te bAda lagabhaga ke kAMkho aMdAja karavA jeTaluM paNa ApaNI pAse varSa uparano samaya vyatIta thaI gayo che. daramiyAna sAdhana nathI. eTale ATalA anubhavathI ja saMtoSa Warrangul, the capital of Telingana or AndhrahuM dhAre che ke benAkaTA te ja telaMgaNa athavA ayboll plor4 qisje ,

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* -- -- -- -- -------- - -- - ---- -- -- ekAdazama pariccheda ] kAma karavAnAM keTalAMka tenAM sUtro [ rara7 pakaDIzuM. tyArathI mAMDIne A naM. 18nA samaya sudhI paraMtu na hevA koI kAraNa nathI. chatAM pote jyAre te pUrNa bhapakAmAM hatuM eTaluM cokkasa thaI gayuM. te rAjapade pacIsa varSa jeTalI mudata sudhI rahyo che tyAre samaya bAda yAre teno vinAza thayo athavA to paDatI paNa potAnI pAchaLa pitAnA putrone hakka ja joie, zarU thaI te ApaNA kSetrabahArano viSaya thaI jAya che. tevo kaI jAtano kadAgrahana sevatAM, kharA hakadAra meTAeTale anya zodhakonA hAthamAM te prazna mUkI aMtamAM bhAInA putrane ja gAdI suprata karavA dIdhI che. AvuM kArya jaNAvIzuM ke, jema pATaliputre traNeka sadI jeTaluM tathA hRdayanI vizALabhAvanA sivAya zI rIte banI zake? mathurA ane takSilAe agaNita varSonuM AyuSya bhogavyuM rAjyabha kAMI nAnIsUnI bAbata nathI gaNAtI. che, tema amarAvatIe paNa hajAro varSanuM bhegavyuM che. jyAre I. sa. pU. 72mAM te AMdhrapati banyo paranta AMdhrapatinA rAjanagara tarIke teNe je samaya mATe tyAre avaMtinI gAdIe tAjetaramAM ja gardabhIla mAna bhogavyuM che, te te temanA sAta varSa jeTalA rAjA Avyo hato. te vakhate saMjoga evA hatA ke lAMbA rAjyakALamAMthI mAtra cAra sadI jeTalAja che kSaharATa nahapANa aputra maraNa pAmavAthI tenI gAdie ane te viSaya aSTama paricchede carcAI gayo che. caDI besavAnI ghaNAnI jhaMkhanA hatI. temAMye avaMti tenA mATenA je zilAlekho maLI AvyA che te deza jevuM samagra bhAratanuM nAka eTale saheje badhAnA uparathI te mahAparAkramI, gIravAnvIta ane dareka rIte manamAM galagaliyAM thAya ja. A sthAna rAjA gardabhIle pahoMcato hovAno tarata khyAla te tarata mATe to hAtha karI lIdhuM hatuM ane prajAne kAma karavAnA keTa- Ave che. paraMtu tenA hRdayanA umeda hatI ke paradezI rAjA karatAM svadezI rAjAnA lAMka tenAM sUtro keTalAka guNa tenA jIvananA banA zAsanamAM vizeSa sukha bhogavAze. paraMtu putranAM lakSaNa mAMthI je tarI Ave che tenuM pAraNAmAMthI jaNAya te kahevata pramANe, gardabhIla rAjA varNana to temAM apAyuM na ja hoya. amane je becAra jyAre ahaMkArI, viSayalaMpaTa, jIddI ane keAInuM paNa guNo tenAmAM dekhAya che tenuM varNana atra karIzuM. na mAnanAro lAgyo, tathA julama gujAravAmAM pAchuM prathama to gAdI upara tene haka ja nahoto vALI joyA vinA temaja nyAya ane anyAya jevuM kemake tenAthI meTobhAI hato te te vakhate haiyAta hatA. kAMIpaNa vicAryA vinA eka ja lAkaDIye sarva hAMkato chatAM tyAre te moTAbhAIe gAdIno tyAga karyo tyAre lAgyo. tyAre avaMtinI prajA hIjarata karI dakSiNa paNa, te bhAinA putrane ja gAdI maLavI joie, tarapha utaravA lAgI hatI. te vakhate je ariSTakarNa tevI IcchA ane bhAvanA teNe piSelI. parantu te AMdhrapatie-A naM. 17 vALA gaiAtamIputra-dhAryuM vakhate putrajanma nahI thayela hovAthI gAdInI heta, te bhAratanA mukuTa samAna lekhAtI avaMtinI gAdI sahIsalAmatI sAcavavA temaja pitAnI janetA- sahajavAramAM teNe bacAvI pADI hota. vaLI tema karato mAtA-rANI baLazrInI salAha ane AgrahathI ja teNe aTakAvavAmAM uttarahiMdano inDopArthiane zahenazAha rAjapada dhAraNa karI lIdhuM hatuM ema dekhAya che. A ajhIjha paNa tene ADo Ave tema nahotuM. eTale sthiti mAnavAne kAraNe e maLe che ke, jyAre ne cAre tarapha tene manadhAryuM karI levAmAM phAvaTa Ave tyAre kAMI rAjakAjamAM jarUra ubhI thatI ke rANuM tevuM ja hatuM. chatAM teNe je nispRhatA batAvI che te baLazrInI salAha pramANe te vartatA mAlama paDe che. vaLI nilebhavRtti vinA kadApI banI zake tevuM nathI ja. pitAne putra hato ke nahIM te je ke jaNAyuM nathI, tema kAInA gharamAM vinA kAraNe-ke bolAvyA vinA (11) potAnA pUrvajone lagADeluM kalaMka dhoI nAkhavAne baLachIe je A kalaMkanI vAtane zilAlekhamAM AgaLa karI prasaMga hato chatAMye tenuM mana bahu talasI nahotuM rahyuM. batAvI che te teNInA udgAra che, nahIM ke rAjA aSikarNanA, tene mana te te kAraNa paNa svArthamaya lAgatuM hatuM. rANI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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28 ] kAma karavAnAM keTalAMka tenAM sUtra [ ekAdazama khaMDa mAthuM na mAravAnA siddhAMtane apanAvyA vinA te AkhA bhAratanA nakazAe juduM ja svarUpa dhAraNa sthiti nibhAvI zakAtI nathI. kadAca ema kahevAya ke karyuM heta ! paraMtu AvI kaTokaTIbharyA samaye paNa gardalIla karatAM pote be varSa moDa gAdIe AvyoteNe pote ghaDelA amuka niyama pramANe ja kAma lIdhe che, eTale jema gardabhIlane rAjakaratAM thoDAM ja varSe rAkhyuM hatuM. A siddhAMtane mUrkhAibharele kahevo ke thayAM hatAM, ne prajA tenA julamathI trAsI UThI hatI, zANapaNayukta kahe, te te kevaLa bhaviSya ja kahI tema arijakarNane paNa DAMja varSa thayAM hatAM eTale zake. chatAM kahevuM paDaze ke, jyAre gardabhIla rAjA trAsa veThatI prajAne hAtha jhAlavAne te zaktimAna karAjAne hAthe mAra khAine avaMtinI gAdI khAlI na gaNAya. A niyama prajAnuM dila jyAre sAtha karI nAsI gayA tyAre tenA putrane vicAra thayela ke ApavAnuM na hoya tyAre lAgu paDe kharo. paNa atra AvA kaparA kALe kyAM jaIne Azraya meLavavo? kemake to prajA uThIne jyAM sAmI cAye AvatI hoya uttara hiMdamAM te paradezI rAjya cAlatuM hatuM tyAM bIjuM jovAnuM ja zuM hoya? chatAM carcA khAtara ane dakSiNamAM A bematalabI ane beparavAikabula rAkho ke tene himata nahIM heya mATe avaMti bharela rAjA hato. paraMtu dezI ane hiMdI evA rAjAnA upara caDI javAne hilacAla karI nahotI. jo ke manane palaTo keI paNa rIte karI zakAze ja. evI A kAraNa satya nathI kemake avaMti sAmrAjaya karatAM dhAraNAthI teo dakSiNa tarapha vaLI nIkaLyA hatA. A samaye AMdha sAmrAjya moTuM hatuM; eTale tAkAta A bAju avatamAM sAta varSa zaka rAjAe julama ke himatano savAla ja nahotuM. paraMtu jyAre A karavAmAM gujAryA tyAre bIjI bAju dakSiNamAM AvI gabhIlane ja sajA karavA, jainAcArya kAlikasUrie rahelA gardabhIlakumAroe A svadezAbhimAnI kahe uThIne madada levA mATe bahAra najara deDAvI, tyAre ke svadharmAbhimAnI kahe athavA prajAnAM sukhadukhane svadharmI ane badhI vAte pahoMcatA evA A pitAnAM mAnI lenAra kaheevA rAjAne kharI sthinajIkanA ja AMdhrapati pAse kAM temaNe tela na nAMkhI? tithI vAkephagAra karI. rAjyabhane khAtara nahIM vaLI gaI bhIlane uThADIne zakarAjAo avaMtipati banyA paNu zaraNe Avela prajAno uddhAra karavAmAM ja rAjavI che. temaNe ekaMdare sAta varSa rAjaya jogavyuM che. te sAta dharmanAM gaurava ane prabhutva samAyelAM che ema samasAta varSanA vahANA vahI gayA bAda jyAre pAchI te jAvI taiyAra karavAmAM gALyAM hatAM. kahevata che ke, je ja prajA potAnA rAjAnA julamathI jAna parezAna banI thAya te sArAne mATe, pApa pIpaLe caDIne pokAre che, svataMtratA meLavAne taiyAra banI beThI hatI eTaluM ja te pramANe aMte rAjA ariSTakarNanuM kALajuM pIgaLyuM ane nahIM, paNa avatinA sArA sArA zeTha zAhukAra prajAne trAhI trAhI thatI tathA sarva vAta hada oLaMmAtRbhUmino tyAga karI prarAjyanI hadamAM AvI gAtI joI, tyAre teNe zastra sajyAM ane yuddha vasyA hatA ane tenA rAjyane AbAda tathA vaibhava- vagaDAvI raNakSetre kudI paDaze. dakSiNamAMthI uttara hiMda vaMtu banAvI mUkayuM hatuM, tyAre paNa zuM te pitAnI tarapha cAlI nIkaLyA. avaMtipati zakarAjAne samAna prajAnI madade caDavAnuM DahApaNuyukta dhAra nahIM hoya? cAra pahoMcADayA eTale te rAjA paNa sAmane jhIlavAne A sarva saMyoge evA hatA ke, teNe nispRhIpaNAne bahAra paDyo. sAmasAmI dIzAe prayANa karatAM, narmadA athavA keI bIjAnA gharamAM ApaNe zA mATe mAthuM ane tApI nadI vaccenA lATapradezanI bhUmi upara, kArUra mAravuM-je pramANe vartamAnakALe amerikA taTastha mukAme tumulayuddha maMDAyuM. baMne pakSe aneka manuSyane sahAra vRtti dAkhave jAya che tema (alabatta taTasthapaNAnI vaLI gayA. paraMtu 'satyane jaya ane pApo kSaya" vyAkhyAmAM te samayane AjanI vacce phera che khare) te nyAye gardabhIlakumAra vikramAditya ane AMdhrapati te niyamane cUstapaNe vaLagI rahyo na heta te ariSTakarNanA pakSane vijaya thaze. jyAre sAmA pakSe zaka

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ekAdazama paricche ] prajAne temAM anya paradezIe paNa hatA te sarvanemeTI saMkhyAmAM kaccaradhANu vaLI gaye. yuddhanA aMte vikramAditya, zakArinA birUda sahita avaMtipati banyA ane meTA paNa avyavasthita sAmrAjyane dhaNI kahe vAce. je sAmrAjya dhIme dhIme teNe zAMtimaya karI nAMkhI, hareka prakAre IrSyA upajAve tevuM mArgadarzaka ane maneAvAMcchita sukhadAyI banAvI dIdhuM. jyAre potAnA upakAraka evA ariSTakane maLela bhUminA aDadhAaDadha hissA levA Agraha karyo tyAre aDadhA tA zuM, paNa kiMcita ke talabhAra paNa jamInanI icchA karUM tA tA mAtAnI kUkhaja lAje te 12 tathA leAbhanI khAtara ja laDAi vaheArI lIdhI hatI evA baTTo ja lAge ne? tamArUM kAma thayuM ane prajA sarva vAte sukhI thaI eTale mane AkhI duniyAnuM rAjya maLI gayuM ja samajuM chuM, mAre mana rAjapATa meLavyA karatAM paNa prajAnAM aMtaHkaraNanAM AzIrvAdanI kiMmata vadhAre che. AvA hradaye gAra kADhavA te-zuM mArdavatAnI sAthe niHspRhatAne pUrAveA nathI ApatA ? A pramANe AMdhrapatie dhaNA dhaNA Agraha chatAM kAMija grahaNa na karyuM tyAre bicAra| zakAra te zuM kare ? teNe peAtAnuM sarvasva tenA caraNe dharI, AMdhrapatinA kuTuMba sAthe mitrAcArInI evI gAMTha majabUta karI mUkI ke jyAM kAI paNu leAkApayogI tA zuM parantu rAja cegya ke AtmakalyANunA utkarSanuM kArya DrAya tA paNa tenI salAha, madada, ane sAthamAM bhaLyA sivAya te kare ja nahIM; ane tethI ja te banne rAjavInA kuTu khAte, svadharma tIrthaMsamA saurASTranIbhUmi uparanA mAtrujaya, giranAra Adi tIrthadhAmamAM bheLAine kAma karatAM joie chIe. temaja avaMtinA gRhaAMgaNu jevA sAMcInA pradezamAM pazu, AMdhrapatine (naM. 17nA gAdIvArasa naM. 18 vALAne) tIrthAvata...sakarUpa stUpane dAna dai bhakti darzAvatA nihALIe chIe. A pramANe jyAM mitrAcArI jevuM nathI hotuM, tyAM kadApi aMtima samaye dAna ane kausIla vahIvaTa (12) AvA putra mATe rANIkhaLazrIne zuM e. saMteASa thAya ! tene mATe zilAlekhamAM je akSarA kAtarAvyA che tenA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 229 e sAmrAjyanA samrATAne ekaThA thatAM nihALavAnuM-- are chevaTe sAMbhaLavAnuM-paNa saubhAgya prajAne lalATe kASTha bhUminA itihAsamAM teAMdhAyAnuM jANyuM che ? eTale ja amArUM kahevuM thAya che ke A sarva pariNAma rAjA ariSTakaNe dhAraNu karelI taTasthAnI-kAInA gharamAM mAthuM na mAravAnI-dhAraNa karelI nItinuM ja samajI levuM. jema zakAra vikramAditye peAtAnA jIvanamAM aneka prajopayeAgI kAryo nispRhIpaNe karyAM che tema A AMdhrapatie paNa aneka rIte nispRhA keLavI batAvelI hAvAthI temaja pAte parAkramI hAvAthI tene paNa keTalAke vikramAditya lekhAvyA che te akAraNu nahIM ja gaNAya (jIe pR. 206). jema teNe kAinA rAjyamAM nakAmuM mAthuM na mAravAnI nIti grahaNa karI hatI, tema jyAM jarUra paDe tyAM khIjAte vizvAse kAma UADI na detAM 'Apa mUA vinA svarge na javAya' te kathanAnusAra pote ja yuddhe caDatA; ane lazkaranI saradArI laI,13vijayamALA paherI, kIrti varIne pAchA vaLI AvatA. A pramANe tenAmAM aneka guNA bharelA hatA te sarvanuM varNana karatAM, nAhaka pRSTo bharAi jAya mATe mukhya mukhya eka enA paricaya karAvI have AgaLa vadhIzuM. tenA nAme kAtarAyalA zilAlekha naM. 8 (jIe paMcama pariccheda) uparathI samajavAmAM Ave che ke, peAtAnA rAjyanA 24 mA varSe te bahu mAMde| paDI gayA lAge che. A bimArI echAmAM ochI chaeka mAsa laMbAI dekhAya che; evuM teNe cha cha mahinAne aMtare peAtAnA sthAna upara eTale pATanagare khetrAkaTaka nagare beThA beThA, nAsika jIllAmAMnA peAtAnA tIrthadhAmavALA prAMtanA sUbAne hukama karyo che te uparathI jANI zakAya che. A uparathI tenA cAritrya upara, aMtima samaye dAna ane kausIla vahIvaTa karatAM vizeSa paDatA lakhAvyA haiAta tApaNate AchAja kahevAta ! (13) jIA zilAlekha na, 18 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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aMtima samaye dAna ane kausIla vahIvaTa 230 ] temaja te vakhatanA hiMdumAnasanI vRtti upara tathA rIta rivAja upara paNa keTalAka prakAza paDatA dekhAya che. tenA cAritryane aMge ke, te pote aMtima avasthAe saMsAranI anya jaMjALAmAM mana parAvavA karatAM, paralAkamAM sukha meLavavAnI icchAe tathA svAtmAnA kalyANArthe dharmapratye vizeSa valaNu batAvatA dekhAya che. AmAM cokhkhI icchA te na ja kahevAya; kemake tetA sakAma nirjarAnuM aMga banI jAya che; ane tema thAya teA zubhakAryanI phaLaniSpatti mATe pote ja hRda AMdhI dIdhI gaNAya. jyAre kudaratI niyama te e gaNuAya ane te ja yathArtha che ke, kASTa paNa kALe kareluM kArya zubha yA azubha, aphaLa jatuM ja nathI ane tenuM mULa--tenuM pramANa--akalpanIya che. jyAre akalpanIya che tyAre tenI parimitatA-pariNAmanI hada tA-na ja bAMdhI zakAya. eTale ke kudaratI rItie tenI hRda ja nathI. parantu ApaNe manuSyaprANI zaMkAzIla banIne athavA TUMka daSTithI adhirA banI jaIne tenI hrada AMdhI daie chIe, jethI bannemAM arasaparasa virodhaka sthiti upaje che. vaLI svAbhAvika e che ke, denAranI icchA vizeSa ApavAnI hAya chatAM lenArane ochuM joituM hAya, tA denAra teTalethI ja aTakI jAya che. ane hRda karatAM vizeSa levAnI icchA jo lenAra dharAve tA, te tA tene maLavAnuM ja nathI. pariNAme lenArane hamezAM ochuM ja maLe che. matalakha e thai r Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa ke manuSya| IcchA batAvyA karatAM kudarata upara phaLanuM pariNAma cheADI de, teA temane vizeSa lAbha maLe che. eTale rAjA ariSTakarNe je zubhakAryo karI batAvyAM che temAM adhika sukha meLavavAnI bhAvanAnA abhAva lekhavA rahe che. vaLI te niSkAma vRttivALA hAvAnuM jANItuM che. eTale paNa saMbhavita che ke, teNe je dhArmika sthAne ke anya rIte dAna dIdhAM che te kevaLa udAsIna bhAve. phaLanA pariNAmanI icchA rAkhyA vinA jaApyAM che ema siddha thAya che. A pramANe tenA cAritrya vizenI tathA hiMdumAnasa kevuM hAya che tenI mAhitI maLe che. temaja hindu rIti, nIti ane vyavahAra kevAM hAya che tene paNa pUrAvA maLe che. vaLI vartamAnakALe keLavaNI lIdhelA keTalAya vidyAtA AvI dAna devAnI prayAne vahema, aMdhazraddhA ke dravyane vyartha vyaya karyAnuM, tathA tene AdhunikakALe ja pravezelI gayAnuM jaNAve che, te paNu ekadama krAne Astika nAstikane ilkAba ApavA karatAM, pote ja AvA zilAlekhI pUrAvAthI vadhAre vicAra karatA thaze. kausIlanA vahIvaTa nImyA saMbaMdhI amArA vicAre te zilAlekhanuM hArda samajAvatAM ja paMcama paricchede jaNAvyA che. eTale vizeSa lakhavA jevuM rahetuM nathI. ahIM AgaLa tenuM varNana paNa pUruM thAya che. keTalIka hakIkata je naM. 18nI sAthe saMkalitapaNe jaNAvavA jevI che te naM. 18mAM jaNAvIzuM. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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ETA dvAdaza paricheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) . TUMkasAra -(17) rAjA hAla; tenAM nAma, upanAma (birUda), umara tathA kuTuMbIjanane Apela Treka paricaya-tene rAjyanI keTalIka viziSTatAonI tAravI kADhelI TIpa-sarva AMdhrapatiomAM teNe potAnA rAjyane vistAra prathama naMbare kevI rIte A hato ane temAM tene kevA saMjogoe yArI ApI hatI tenuM ApeluM varNana-"navanara svAmInAnA birUdane artha "navanagara svAmI tarIke adyApi paryata lekhAvAya che te yathAyogya che ke kema? tenI karela carcA ane sAhitya pratye teNe darzAvela premane * kAMIka A che pAtaLe Apelo khyAla-purANamAM nirdezela kuMtala ane rAjA hAla, eka che ke bhinna, tenI Apela dalIlasaha vigate-rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti, ane tenA dhamanI ApelI samajUtI tathA vividha sthAne teNe karAvela kAryonI lIdhelA beMdha; te sarvane TharAvI Apela samaya-prAcIna kALe gavaradhana samayamAM Avela sthitinI arvAcIna sthAne sAthenI karelI sarakhAmaNI ane te uparathI nItarI AvatI beeka tadana navI vAte tathA tene niceDa-sUpa ane staMbha nirmANamAM rahela muddAone samajAvela bheda tathA tenI pArakha mATenI batAvelI cAvI-zaka kayAre pravartI zake ane zaka zAlivAhana je kahevAya che te gya che ke kema ! tathA zAlivAhana rAjAne zakasaMvatsara sAthe saMbaMdha-A praznonI karela cheDIka carcA-kudaratI siddhAMtane niyama eziyA ane yuropamAM sarakhApaNe lAgu paDe che ke nahIM? tathA eka mahAna avatArI purUSanuM yurepamAM thayela prAgaTaya-cU8, kadaMba, mahAbhejI Adi keTalAka zabdanA - saMbaMdhamAM ApelI mAhitI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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232 ] vAsiSaputra zAtakaraNi; pulumAvI u zAlivAhana [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahanavaMza (cAlu) ane vikalpa 78 varSanI umare, deha choDayo che. tene (18) vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi; pulumAvI bIje rAjyakALa I. sa. pU. 4thI I. sa. 18 sudhI lekhAze. upha hAla zAlivAhana etihAsika dRSTie aghapi aMdhakAramAM paDela bahupatnIvRttavALA te jamAnAmAM, tathA AvaDa A zAtavAhanavaMzI rAjAomAM sauthI vadhAre jANItuM meTA sAmrAjyanA bhAvanAzALI ane zUravIra rAjAne nAma itihAsakArone te zuM aneka rANIo hoya te samajI zakAya tevuM che. tenI tenAM nAma, birUde, paraMtu sAmAnya prajAne paNa je aneka rANImAMnI kevaLa traNathI cAranI oLakha umara tathA anya thayuM hoya te, te A rAjA tathA nAma jaNAyAM che. (1) eka sihala-mala dezanI paricaya hAla zAlivAhananuM che. tenAM rAjakanyA malayavatI (2) bIjI kaliMgadezanI kaliMga kAraNe paNa che ja; je tenA caritra senA, ane (3) trIjI dakSiNApathanI, teno pradeza nirUpaNathI ApaNe jANIzuM. atre ApaNe tenAM ke nAma ApavAmAM AvyA nathI. uparAMta jANavAmAM vidhavidha nAmo je ItihAsanAM pAne AlekhAyelAM A che ke "kutela rIjI najare caDI jAya che tenI tathA tenAM kAraNonI sama- daSTie lagnagraMthIthI aneka pradeza sAthe baMdhAyo jutI ApIzuM. hato. eTale aneka dezo teNe jItyA hatA temAMnA tenA pitAnuM nAma mahendra dIpakaNi ane mAtAnuM keTalAkanI kuMvarIone te para hevo joIe. nAma subhadrA hatu. te pR. 207mAM jaNAvAyuM che; vaLI jaina sAhityagraMthe uparathI samajAya che ke tene te naM. 17 ne bhatrijo thato hato tathA zilAlekha caMdralekhA nAme strI paNa hatI. jyAre paurANIka graMthamAM uparathI jenuM nAma ati prakhyAti pAmeluM che te jaNAvAyuM che ke tenI paTarANInuM nAma malayavatI rANIbaLathInAM pautra thato hato. A sarva vigata paNa hatuM. eTale jo pelI pavinI caMdralekhAne sarva ANIprasaMgopAtta jaNAvavAmAM AvI che. tenA pitAe gAdI- ethI zreSTha gaNavAmAM Ave te saMbhava che ke te ja tyAga karyo tyAre tene janma thayela nahato jethI tene paTarANI hoya ane tenuM bIjuM nAma malayavatI paNa kAke gAdIpati banyo hato. tenA kAkAe rAjalagAma hoya. vaLI ja. A. hi. rI. se. pu. 2, bhAga 1 hAthamAM lIdhA pachI, tene janma cha ATha mahinAmAM pR. 66mAM rAjA hAlane siMhalapati sItAmela ane tho hoya te lagabhaga 24 thI 25 varSanI umare tenI gAMdharva rANI nAme zarazrInI putrI lIlAvatI gAdIe Avyo gaNAya. paraMtu jema keTalI AkhyAyI- vere paraNyAnuM jaNAvAyuM che. saMbhava che ke uparamAM kAomAM jaNAvAyuM che tema, te bAda thoDA vakhate jene malayavatI kahI che te ja A lIlAvatI haze. jamyo hoya te lagabhaga tera varSanI umare (ma-layavatI ne lIlAvatI tarIke vaMcAI gaI haze). gAdIe A gaNAya. AvI nAnI umare gAdI tene putro keTalA hatA tenI saMkhyAno nirdeza thayele maLe, daivI saMyogamAM janma thAya, bIjI sarva rIte vAMcavAmAM Avyo nathI, paraMtu sAmAnya niyama sukhI hoya, temaja moTA sAmrAjyane dhaNI heya pramANe tenI pAchaLa gAdIe AvanAra te jayeSThaputra ja chatAMye anyanI sarakhAmaNIe rAjadvArI jIvanamAM hoya. te gaNatrIthI naM. 19 vALA matalakane jIvaMta koI prakAranI athaDAmaNu bhegavavI na paDI hoya- putromAM jayeSTha kahevAya. sivAya vadhAre hovAnuM paNa matalaba, ke niSkaTaka ane nirUpAdhimaya aMdagI saMbhavita che. ane pote 80-98 varSanI umare maraNa gALavI paDI hoya te lAMbu AyuSya bhogavavA pAme pAmyo hovAthI svAbhAvika kalpanA karI zakAya che tamAM kAMI AzcaryakAraka nathI. uparanAM kAraNe teNe ke matalaka paNa moTI-lagabhaga 60 uparanI-umare ja lagabhaga 65 varSa rAjya karI, eka daSTie 90 varSanI gAdIe Avela haze. temaja teNe kevaLa ATha varSanuM

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ekAdazama pariccheda ]. tenI mukhya viziSTatAe , [ 233 rAjya bhogavyuM hovAthI ApaNe darela anumAna satya aMge je khAsa ekeka viziSTatA hatI te upara khAsa hovAnuM paNa Thare che. A pramANe tenA kuTuMbano lakSa paNa doravAmAM AvyuM che. te niyamane anusarIne paricaya jANo. have tenAM nAma ane birUdenuM te varganA A chelalA bhUpati naM. 18vALAnI je vivecana karIzuM. viziSTatAo che, tene khyAla atre ApIzuM. pahelI tenAM prasiddha birUda, rAjA hAla, athavA hAla viziSTatA e che ke, A varganA traNemAM paNa lAMbAmAM vikramAditya, zAla ane rAjA zAlIvAhana hovAthI tenI lAMbu zAsana A nRpatinuM che. uparanA bena=pratyekane oLakha ne samajUti ApavA jarUra rahetI nathI rAjyakALa 50 varSano hato. jyAre A trIjAno, te chatAM uparanA paricachede prasaMgavazAta mAhitI apAI AMkaDA uthalAvIne lakhatAM 65 varSa Ave tevo che. uparAMta purANomAM tene kutala athavA kuMtalabhAta- dIrdhakAlIna hato. bIjI viziSTatA e che ke tene karaNi ane vikramazakti nAme paNa oLakhAvyo che. janma daivI saMyogamAM thayo che jene lagatA varNananA Ane lagatAM paurANika avataraNo pR. 202 thI utArA rU. 202thI AgaLa lakhavAmAM Avela che. 207 sudhImAM utArIne tene lagatI carcA karI trIjI e che ke pote sAhitya zekhIna hovA uparAMta batAvI che eTale punaruccAranI jarUra nathI. sAhityeka kavi paNa hato. ane kahevAya che ke gAthAsasati birUda sivAyanA, zilAlekho ane sikkAomAM je nAmano graMtha racanAra A rAjA pitaja hato. sAmAjaNAyAM che te A pramANe che. vilivAyakurasa pula. nya rIte paMDitane ane sAkSarone poSavA tathA vidyAne mAvI, vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNa. dakSiNApathezvara, zakti uttejana ApavuM, te rAjadharmanuM eka aMgaja lakhAya kumAra ane mahA hasiri. AmAMnA prathama traNanI che. A pramANe vikramAditya, bhojadeva, yazovarmana Adi samajuti pR. 224 upara ane dakSiNApathezvaranI aneka rAjAoe potAnA rAjadarabAre prAcIna mAhitI pR. 221 upara ApI dIdhI che. have bAkI samaye paMDitAne piSyAnA, deza paradezanA vidvAne be rahyAM. zaktikamAra ane mahAkasiri; tene lagatuM vaccenA thatA vAdavivAdamAM pramukhasthAne besIne vivecana paMcama paricheda lekha naM. 1 ane 3 mAM apAyuM nirNaya ApyAnA, ane chevaTe mahAnaMda-navamAnaMda jevAe che. tyAM AvelI bIjI vigato sAthe saMbaMdha na hovAthI vidyApIThe sthApIne Ama prajAne banatI rIte saMskArI nukatecInI karIzuM nahIM. atra mAtra eTaluM ja jaNa- banAvI uccagAmI banAvavAnA, paNa daSTAMte ItihAsanAM vIzuM ke temAM vidvAnoe jenA vize izAro karyo che. pAne caDI cUkyAM che. chatAM rAjavIe pote ja jaina sAhityano havAlo Apyo che. akSaronA kerakAra graMthakAra tarIke AgaLa paDIne nAmanA kADhI hoya thavA viSe niyamo batAvyA che tathA chevaTe nAmanI te AnA je, ke maDApacIsI ane suDAbahetarInA meLavaNuM karI ApI che, te varNanavALI vyakati samajI kartA rAjA gardabhIla vikramAditya je. rAkho mAtra zakAya che ke rAjA hAla-zAka-zAlivAhana che. ekAda ja dAkhalo nIkaLI Avaze. zuM e ke teNe A vaMzanA 30-31 rAjAomAMthI naM. 4, 7 hidanI bahAra dakSiNe jaIne siMhaladvIpa upara paNa ane 18 baravALAonAM rAjo, 50 varSa upara jIta meLavI hatI. prAcInakALanA Akho itihAsamAM cAlyA hovAthI te traNane eka temAMye je samaya ApaNe grahaNa karyo che te hajAra tenI mukhya varga judo banAvyA che. vaLI ke agiyAra varSamAM-kevaLa be bhUpatioe ja viziSTatAo temAMnAM . 4 ane 9 nA siMhalane jItI lIdhe dekhAya che. pahelo rAjavI hato varNana AlekhatI vakhate zizunAgavaMzI magadhapatirAjA udayA ane bIje tenA rAjyanI je keTalIka viziSTatAo hatI tenuM che A zatavAhanavaMzI AMdhrapati rAjA hAla; ane darzana karAvyuM paNa che. sAthe sAthe te banne rAjavIne A bemAM paNa rAja hAlane zIre vizeSa yaza arpa Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tenA rAjyavistAra tathA te saMbaMdhI anya mAhitI anya mAhitI 234 paDe che, te eTalA mATe ke, uddayAzva pAte lazkaranI saradArI laIne siMhala upara caDAi nahAtA lai gayA, jyAre rAjA hAla khuda pe te caDhAI lai gayA . hAya ema samajAya che. A kAraNane laine bhale vistAranI dRSTie, uddayAzva, naMdivardhana ke caMdragupta karatAM rAjA -hAlanuM rAjya kAMca nAnuM hatuM chatAM, dakSiNApatyezvaranuM upanAma rAjA hAlate ekalAne ja lagADAya che. upara varNavelI cAra viziSTatAomAMnI, trIjI-ceAthIne lIdhe pazu tenuM nAma jo ke AgaLa tarI Ave tevuM gaNAya chatAM, amArI mAnyatA jete nirdeza have karIe chIe te pramANe, tenuM nAma te sarva karatAM mekhare mUkAvA yogya gaNAvuM raheze. tenuM nAma zAtavAna, zAlivAhana lekhAtuM hAI ne, tenI sAthe zaka zabda joDI, je zakazAlivAhana nAmane saMvatsara hiMdanA keTalAka bhAgamAM pracalita thayA che, tene aMge amArA A kathananA prasArA che. kAi rAjAnA jIvana sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA amuka kAryane lIdhe, tenA rAjyanA Adi ke aMtanA varSa sAthe joDIne tenA nAmanA saMvatsara pracalita thAya te te| sahaja samajI zakAya tema che ane vAstavika paNa che; paraMtu I. sa. 78thI prAraMbha thatA lekhAtA zaka saMvatsaranA varSate, A rAjA hAlanA rAjyakALanAM Adi ke aMta sAthe kAI paNa jAtane saMbaMdha na heAvA chatAM, te saMvatsaranA praNetA tarIkenA yaza tene phALe caDhAvI devAya te eka ahebhAgya ja lakhAya te! A sthitimAM aneka saMvatsara pravartakA karatAM paNa AtA naMbara ekadama agrade mUkavA rahe che. Ane lagatA vizeSa adhikAra AgaLa upara AvavAne che jethI ATalA nirdeza karIne ja atra ApaNe aTakIzuM. A pramANe tenA rAjyanI pAMca viziSTatAe je amArI najare caDI gaI te vAcakaoda samakSa dharI batAvI che. pR. 221 upara naM. 17 ne dakSiNApathapati temaja naM. 18 te dakSiNApatyezvara zA mATe kahevAmAM AvyA che tenI vigata samajAvatAM, temaja tenA rAjyavistAra zilAlekha na. 13mAM rANItathA te saMbadhI baLabIe naM. 17 nA rAjya Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa vistAranI bhItaramAM AvI jatA pradezanAM ane parvatAnAM nAme ApyAM che. te uparathI naM. 17 ane 18nA rAjyanA saMkSipta ane uDatA khyAla AvI jAya che ja. eTale ahIM te lakhatAM, je kAMi vizeSa jANavA cegya che te samajAvIzuM. naM. 17 karatAM naM. 18nA vistAra vizeSa hatA e nirvivAda che ja; kemake naM 18 vALAe malaya jevA dakSiNahiMdanA ane siMhala jevA hiMdanI dakSiNe paNa hiMdanI bahAra Avela, evA mulakA upara prabhutva meLavyuM hatuM. paraMtu naM. 18 ne lagatA je paurANika graMthAnA utArA ApaNe pR. 202thI207mAM ApI ne chevaTe pR. 207 upara je khAra muddA sArarUpe kADhI batAvyA che temAM sAtame! muddo rAjA zatakaraNane atimAM smAraka ubhA karatA batAvyA che. khIjI khaju ApaNe naM. 7 vALA zAtakaraNanA rAjyavRttAMte ema batAvI gayA chIe ke, AkhA zAtavahanavaMzI rAjAomAMthI ati jItI lIdhAnuM mAna, je krAI paNa rAjAne phALe jatuM DhAya te te kevaLa A ekane ja che. jethI zaMkA uThe che ke, paurANika graMthamAM ApeluM A sadhaLuM varNana kAM naM, 18ne badale naM. chate lAgu na pADI zakAya kemake banne jaNA vAsa4putra che, tema pulumAvI paNa che. vaLI pacAsa uparAMta varSanAM rAjya bhAgavyAM che, tema parAkramI ane mazahura pazu che. AvI ane A uparAMtanI vigato bannene lAgu paDe tevI sAmAnya che. te praznanuM samAdhAna karavA mATe thoDIka jhINI bAbatA tapAsI javI paDaze. kharI vAta che ke bannee uttaradvaMdamAM (viMdhyAcaLa parvatanI uttare) praveza karyAM che ja. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa atipradezamAM bannee dhArmika smArakA paNa ubhAM karAvyAM che. (temAM zuM zuM taphAvata che te ApaNe AgaLa upara nai, 18nI dhArmika vRttivALA pArigrAphamAM jaNAvavAnA chIe) paraMtu rANIkhaLazrInA lekha uparathI samajAze ke, jenAM sthAne nakko nathI karAyAM te sivAyanA, uttarahiMdamAM gaNI zakAya tevA dezAmAM surASTra, Akara, avaMti ane vidarbha tathA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] navanarasvAmI ane sAhitya zekha 235 parvatAmAM paripAtranAM nAmo paNa gaNAvyAM che; je sarva rIte te naM. 18 ne ja vadhAre baMdhabesatuM thaI jAya che. tenA putra ane pautranA svAmIpaNAmAM hatAM. uparAMta naM. 17vALAne je pradeza vArasAmAM maLyo hate purANagraMthanA varNanathI jaNAya che ke naM. 18vALAe ane te pAchA naM. 18ne maLavA pAmyo hato te zilAkAzimara ane siMdha sAthe paNa saMbaMdha bAMdhyo hato. lekha ne. 13 uparathI siddha thaI gayuM che. te uparathI A pramANe kevaLa bhUminAM ja nAmamAtranuM ava- samajAya che ke maisura rAjyanI dakSiNahada atyAre lekina karIzuM to paNa tAravI kaDhAze ke, naM. 7 vALAne je gaNAya che, athavA to jyAM samrATa priyadarzinanA surASTanI bhUmi upara paga mUkavAnuM paNa kadApi banyuM zilAlekhe ubhA che tyAM sudhInA mulaka ja temane nathI. kemake lATa ane surASTra te samaye samrATa maLyo haze eTale jene malaya-malabAra kahevAya che priyadarzinane tAbe hatA, ane tenI sAthenA kaliMganI te tathA tenI dakSiNane trikoNAkAra pradeza ke je pAMDayA laDAImAM pote hArI javAthI khaDiyo banyo hato. jyAre rAjya tarIke ItihAsamAM oLakhAvAyuM che tene sarAtI bhAmiupara nA 1ravALAe gaI bhIlavaMzI keTaloka bhAga tathA hiMdanI dakSiNe Avela siMhaladvIpa zakAri vikramAditya sAthe te tIrthabhUmi upara jaI ATale mulaka ne. 18vALAe, purANIkagraMthamAMthI aneka dharmakAryo karyA che. A pramANe purANa ane upalabdha thatI bAtamI pramANe tathA ja. A hI. jainasAhityanAM kathanane paraspara majabUtI maLatI rI. se. mAM thayela noMdha pramANe (juo AgaLa pAne) dekhAya che. vaLI kAzmira jevA deza upara paNa gaI- svaparAkrame meLavyo lAge che. joke, A pradeza upara bhIlavaMzI rAjAonI sattA jAmavA pAmI hatI; ane caDAI laI javAnA kAraNamAM rAjakIya karatAM dhArmika A zatavahanavaMzIone gardabhIlavaMzIo sAthe je tava ja vadhAre hevAnuM purANIka hakIkata uparathI mitrAcArInI gAMTha lAdhI hatI tene lIdhe teo khulluM dekhAya che (vizeSa hakIkata dhArmika pravRttinA kAzimara sudhI laTAra mArI AvyA hoya te te banavA pArigrAphe juo). A jIta teNe pitAnA rAjyanA joga che. jyAre naM. 7 nA samaye kAzmirano pradeza 19mA varSe ke te pUrve ekAda varSe meLavI lAge che. samrATa priyadarzinane tAbe hovAthI tenI sAme mAthuM te uparathI tene dakSiNapathezvaranuM upanAma joDAyuM che uMcakI zake tevuM hatuM ja nahIM. eTale sAbita thAya (juo lekha naM. 13) eTale tene samaya ApaNe che ke naM. 7 vALAne kAzmira sAthe kaI prakArane I. sa. pU. 28nI lagabhagane nedhIzuM. saMbaMdha ja nahatA. A pramANe bhUmi saMbaMdhI prazno zilAlekha naM. 14 je tenA rAjyanA 22mAM vicAratAM, jema sarva kathana na. 18ne ja lAgu paDatuM varSane lekhAvAya che temAM tene 'navanarapati' tarIke oLadekhAya che, tema devI janmanI hakIkata, mAtApitAnAM khAvyo che. eTale tene samaya I. sa. pU. 25ne nAma, guNuya kavinuM samakAlinapaNuM, navanagara-navanara gaNAze. lekhamAM zabda cokhe svAmI tarIke zilAlekhamAM pragaTa thayela hakIkata navanarasvAmI ane cokhkhA navanarapati hovA chatAM I. che. aneka bAbato paNa naM. 18nI tarapheNamAM ja sAhitya zekha tene navanagara pati eTale navA lakhAyAnuM sAbita karI zakAya tema che. eTale have zaherane svAmI evo artha nirvivAditapaNe siddha thaI gayuM samajavuM, ke avaMtimAM ghaTAvavAmAM Avyo che. kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, smAraka ubhuM karAyAnI hakIkata naM. 7 ane ne. 18 Navanara another name of Paithan= bannene lAgu paDatI hovA chatAM, AkhuM varNana samagra paiThaNanuM bIjuM nAma navanara (che); eka bIjA lekhaka (1) ja. . , . e. se, navI AvRtti pu. 3 (2) ja. . . . e. se. 5, 8, pR. 239 che. bhAudAjIne lekha,

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* * . 236 ] navanarasvAmI ane sAhitya zokha [ ekAdazama khaMDa jaNAve che ke "Padumati is called Narvar authology of erotic verses (Saptas. ti) swami (a new king) & he has also the professes to be the composition of title of the Swami of Benakataka= Hala and is ascribed by tradition to padamAvIne naravarasvAmI (no rAjA) kahevAya che ane Salivahan, another form of Satavaban= te uparAMta benA kaTakanA svAmInuM birUda te dharAve che." premaviSayaka (saptasati nAme) je kAvyane graMtha A pramANe je kAlpanika dhaTanA ubhI karAI che te che te rAjA hAlanI pitAnI kRti hoya ema kahevAya ApaNe lekha naM. 14nA varNanamAM jaNAvI dIdhI che, ane lokavAyakA pramANe te zAlivAhana apara che. paraMtu tyAM ApelI samajuti uparathI spaSTa nAma zAtavahanane nAme caDAvAI che; vaLI bIjA thAya che ke navanara eTale "rAjadarabArane zobhAve lekhake evI noMdha karI che che ke That Hala tevA navanI saMkhyAmAM mahApuruSo" tenA Azraye by virtue of his political greatness as AvI rahyA hatA athavA to ubhA karavAmAM well as literary merits=rAjA hAle AvyA hatA. A pramANe te nava purUSane piSaka je rAjakIya mahattA tathA sAhityamAM praviNatA havAthI navanarasvAmI kahevAtuM hatuM. matalaba meLavI hatI tene lIdhe Hala is thus not only ke teNe potAnI pravRtti I. sa. pU. 25 mAM a great patron of letters but also a sAhitya tarapha vALI hatI. athavA ApaNe kahI warrior who defeated the sinhaleses zakIe ke siMhaladvIpanI chata I. sa. pU. 28 mAM rAjA hAla A pramANe vidvAnane mahAna Azraya saMpUrNa karyA bAda, pite sAhitya tarapha citta vALyuM ApanAra ja kevaLa hato ema nahIM paraMtu eka moTo hatuM ane traNeka varasamAM te eTale sudhI AgaLa yoddho paNa hatA jeNe siMhAlIne parAjIta karyA hatA. vo hato ke pitAne tyAM. vidyAnA vividha kSetre tyAre eka anya lekhaka te saptati vize ema sArI pratiSThA dharAvatA nava vikAne meLavI zakyo hato abhiprAya dharAve che ke It is possible that jene lIdhe tenI kIrti digaMtavyApI banavA pAmI hatI. the collection is due to some court's thI tenI dAdImAe zilAlekhamAM uccAryo poet but is known as the work of pramANe te navanarasvAmi tarIke oLakhAvA mAMDayo Hala saMbhavita che ke te (AkhAya) saMgraha kaI hatuM. temaja jainasAhitya graMthamAM paNa lakhAyuM rAjakavie karyo haze paNa tene hAla (rAjA)nI kRti che ke, zAlIvAhane prAkRta gAthAone eka tarIke pIchAnavAmAM Avyo che. matalaba ke keTalAkanA prakhyAta graMtha racyo che. jeno ene pitAnA cAra mate, te gAthAsati-sasasati nAmanA graMtho racayitA (vikramAditya, zAlivAhana, muMja ane bheja) vidvAna rAjA hAla pote che jyAre keTalAkanA mate, te graMthane rAjAomAM gaNanA kare che. tathA jainasAhitya kartA ke tene rAjakavi che. A pramANe judA judA saMzodhaka pu. 3, bhAga bIja, pR. 171mAM paNa tenI vidvAnonI mAnyatA che. chatAM te graMthanI racanA tathA sAhityapaSaka vRtti saMbaMdhI ThIkaThIka udgAre kADhayA samaya sAthe jarUra tene kaIne kaI prakArano saMbaMdha che. vaLI ala hisTarI opha inDiyAnA mazahura hatuM eTaluM to nirvivAda che ja graMthakartA mi. vinsenTa smitha kahe che ke, The buddhiprakAza (dhI gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAyaTInuM (3) jainIjhama khAI zlenepsa, TrAnsaleTeDa bAya jainadharma prasAraka sabhA (bhAvanagara pU. 64). () jIo trIjI AvRtti 5. 208, (5) ja. A hI. sa. pu. 2. bhAga 1 pR. 65 (6) ja che. eN. je. e. e. (navI AvRti) pu. 3, 5,57, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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ekAdazama paricchedde ] mukhapatra) pu. 82 aM. 1, pR. 48 thI 55mAMnA paurANika graMthanA AdhAre lakhAyalA eka lekhanA pAMceka utArA ame pR. 22 thI 207 sudhI TAMkavyA che. temAMthI ekadama chevaTe khAra muddAone sAra kADhIne khatAnyeA che ke rAjA vikramAditya zAlivAhananuM ja khIjuM nAma kuMtala hatuM. eTale ke purANa graMtha pramANe zAlivAhana rAjAnuM nAma kuMtala hatuM ema siddha thAya che jyAre jaina sAhitya graMtheAnA varNana uparathI evA dhvani nIkaLe che ke kuMtala rAjA zAlivAhana jevA parAkramI kharA paraMtu tenA samaya zAlivAhana pachI che. turataja pAchaLa che ke AMtarI mUkIne che te spaSTa thatuM nathI. paraMtu zAlivAhana ane kuMtala banne bhinna bhinna vyakti che ema spaSTa jaNAya che; A banne vicArAnuM samAdhAna nIce pramANe karAya che, rAjA hAla ane kuMtalanI oLakha purANika utArAmAM paNa kayAMya (eka apavAda che, paNa te samaLa nathI tethI gaNatrImAM lIdhA nathI) ceAkhyuM te| lakhela ja nathI ke kuMtalanuM khIjAM nAma zAlivAhana hatuM. paraMtu vAkayeAne arasaparasa geAThavavAthI By rule of Axiom=siddhAMtanA niyameAthI te tathya kADhI zakAya che; te vAkayeA ja ame vAcaka pAse tenI svayaMvicAraNA mATe raju karIe chIe. (paheluM avataraNa)--vikramAdityanA pitAnuM nAma mahendra hatuM(sAmadevane vikramAditya te kuMtala zAtakaraNi ane purANumAMnA mahendra banne eka ja lAge che A vAkayane apavAda ane saMzayAtmakarUpe gaNI ApaNe bahu AdhAra lIdhA nathI paraMtu najaramAM te| rAkhyuM che). kuMtalanI paTarANI malayadezanI rAjakanyA malayavatI hatI. (bIjAM avataraNa) rAjA kuMtalanA samaye kavi guNuADhaye bRhatkathAmAM jaNuAvyuM che-mahendra ane saubhadrAne tya vizalAla (vikramakti) nAmanA putranA janma thaye-(trIjuM avataraNa) vikramazaktine traNa mukhya rANIo-dakSiNApathanI, siMhalamalaya ane kaliMgadezanI emAM malayavatI paTarANI hatI--potAnA rAjAnI prabhutA ane cakravartI paddanI kArtine jvalaMta karavA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat rAjA hAla ane kuMtalanI oLakha 2 237 kavi (guNAye) rAjAne vikramAdityanuM birUda ApyuM hatuM. (ceAthu avataraNa ) skandasvatI--tenA putra mahendra (mRgendra svatikarNa) zAtaNi ane tenA putra kuMtala dhaNA ja parAkramI (A vAkaya marahuma paMDita jAysvAlanuM che. temaNe saMzodhita karIne lakhela che. jyAre upara kauMsamAM A pramANe ja khIDela vAkaya saMjJAyAtmaka lekhyuM hatuM. have samajAze ke te paNa barAbara ja che) (pAMcamuM avataraNa)- kavie potAnA zUrA rAjAne; A sarva vAkayeAne arasaparasa geAThavavAthI tAtparya nIkaLe che ke, rAjA mahendra ane saubhadrAnA putra kuMtala zAtakaraNa ane samakAlIna kavi guNAya; kuMtala parAkramI hatA tene traNa rANIo hatI i. iM; A avataraNAnAM khAjA kathanAmAM kadAca atizayAkti mAnI laIe paraMtu ATaluM te satya ja che ke vi guNAtmya rAjA kuMtalanA samakAlIna hatA ke jeNe kathAsaritsAgara nAmanA graMtha lakhyA hatA. eTale jenA samakAlina tarIke kavi guNADhaya pUravAra thAya, te ja rAjA kuMtala ane temanA ja prazaMsaka kavi guNADhaya thaye ema nirvivAda paNe kahI zakAya. jainasAhitya saMzAdhaka pu. 3 aM. 2, pR. 171mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke "rAjAnI vidvata sabhAmAM pAdaliptasUri (taraMgavatI kathAnA kartA) eka pratiSThita kavi hatA. vaLI bRhatakathAnA kartA guNAtmya paNa A hAla rAjAnA upAsIta kavi hatA. AmanA paricaya kuvalayamALA kathAnI prazastimAM ApyA che. A rAnta zAtavahana vaMzI kavi hatA emaNe prAkRtagAthA kAza athavA gAthAsati nAmanI kRti racI che " A avataraNumAMthI teA ApaNe joSae che te karatAM aneka jAtanA khulAsA maLI Ave che ane sarva hakIkata taddana spaSTapaNe ja karI batAvI che eTale kAI vAkayane airtha ubhA paNa thatA nathI ja. vaLI jaina sAhitya graMthanI hakIkatamAMthI nIkaLatA sUra pramANe jo kuMtala nAme vyakti judI ja hAya teAye te rAjA hAlanI pAchaLa thayelI gaNAya, nahIM ke tenI pUrve. athavA upara TAMkala purANanA haMsayadarzaka pahelA avataraNa pramANe kuMtalane kadAca vikramAdityanA putra tarIke lekhAvIe te te vikramAditya rAjA hAlanI www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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jAhalanI hAni thavI joIe ane teNe ja hAlane pAMca vAra ra38 ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ekAdazama khaMDa tarata ja pAchaLa nAmAvalImAM daSTigocara tha joIe. tenA pitAnA nAme karAyo hoya. game tyAM galatI thaI paraMtu purANika nAmAvalImAM te (juo pR. 26) hoya paraMtu rAjA hAla-kuMtalanuM rAjya kamamAM kAma rAjA hAlana naMbara 17 ane kuMtalano naM. 13 me 25 thI (be pAMcaDAthI lekhI) mAMDIne, 68 sudhI (eka mi. pArjITara nAM che. eTale ke hAla rAjA karatAM AThane AMka ne bIje ne meLavIne) vadhAremAM vadhAre kayAMya purogAmI jaNAvyo che. tema keI anya kuMtalane hovo joIe. (A samayanA nirNaya mATe, vaMzAvalInI rAjA hAlanI pAchaLa thayela no ja nathI. bhale zuddhinI vigate juo pR. 35 tathA pR. 36 mAM TI. purANika nAmAvaLImAM anukrama satya na hoya, paraMtu naM. 48) A pramANe rAjA kuMtala athavA kuMtala eka ja thAya che ane te paNa rAjA hAlane zAlivAhana ane tenA rAjakALanI dIrdhatA vizenI purogAmI che-pazcAta thayela nathI eTaluM te kharUMjane. carcA jANI levI. A sarva hakIkatathI sAbita thAya che ke rAjA kuMtala vidvAnI mAnyatA ema baMdhAI gaI che ke, te ja hAla zAlivAhana samajavo. kuMtalane zAlivAhana zilAlekha karavAmAM nimittabhUta rAjakIya dRSTi ja pote ja TharAvavAne badale purANIka nAmAvalI pramANe hovI joIe ane tethI sudarzana purogAmI TharAvavAmAM mAtra eka ja vAMdho Ave che, rAjahAlanI dhAmika taLAva baMdhAvavAmAM tenI prazatyAM talane ATha varSa ane rAjA hAlane pAMca varSa ja pravRtti ane dharmanI sti upara madAra bAMdhI caMdragupta nAMkhyA che jyAre ApaNe zAlivAhanane 8 ne badale samajIti maryanA samaye vasulAti paddhati 65 nAMdhI jaIe chIe. kuMtala jevA parAkramI kevI hatI te nakkI karI vALyuM rAjavIne kevaLa ATha varSa ja rAjyasana bhegavavAnuM che. temaja nahapANu ane rUSabhadatta nAzika jIllAmAM subhAgya prApta thAya te barAbara lAgatuM nathI. chatAM je aneka zilAlekhe karAvela che te prAdezikachatane azakayato nathI ja kemake koIne paNa pitAnI zura- rAjakIya svarUpa ApI, zAtavahanavaMzIne gAdI sthAna vIratA batAvavAne kAMI lAMboja kALa vyatIta kara keravavA paDayAnuM tathA tene anurUpa saMyoga ubhA karavA paDe evuM nirmANa nathI. ema to lAMbA kALavALA mATe. navanarasvAmI zabdane navanagara ke tene ja maLatA uttarahiMdanA inDopArthiana zahenazAha ajhIjha jevA zabda mAnI laI, mULanA rAjanagaranI marAmata karIne pharI niSkrIya jIvana gujAranArA paNa mAluma paDayA che. temaja teja nagare rAjagAdI lAvavAnuM TharAvavuM paDayuM che. A sarva parAkramI ane zuravIra hovA chatAM akasmAtano bhoga thaI hakIkata, AgaLa pAchaLanA ItihAsanI ajJAnatAne zizunAgavaMzI anurUddha jevo mAtra be traNa varSanA lIdhe banavA pAmI che. ApaNe kabUla karIe chIe jIdagI mANIne adRSya thaI jatA paNa ItihAsamAM te mATe ApaNe keIna deSa kADhatA paNa nathI. noMdhAyAM che. eTale varSanI dIrdhatA sAthe zaravIratAne paraMtu eTaluM te jarUra jaNAvavAnuM ke saMzodhanane saMbaMdha kahI na zakAya. chatAM purANomAM jema rAjakALanI viSaya ja evo che ke prathamamAM aneka anumAne karAya gaNunAmAM aneka ThekANe-lAMbe dUra na jatAM A ane pachIthI vizeSa sAmagrI upalabdha thatAM, te zAtavahana vaMzanI vaMzAvalI ja jAone ! temAM paNa anumAna majabUta paNa bane athavA te kheTAM mAlUma Akho dazakano AMkaDe uDADI nAMkhI 22 ne badale paDI uDI paNa jAya. AvI sthitimAM prayatna karanAra 2 ane 5 ne badale nAMdhI aneka ThekANe-bhale saMzodhakasAme jevI tevI bhASA vAparyA karavI temAM karI che tema kA rAjA kuMtalanA kissAmAM paNa 8 ne badale te, ulaTuM evA sabda vAparanAra poteja ughADe paDI 58,68 na hoya ane kuMtalanA pitA svAtikarNanA jAya che. zilAlekhanI vigata kadApI kheTI na ja karAvAya kALAnA 8 ja kharI rIte hoya; pachI khalanA tarIke mAtra tenA lipi ukelamAM athavA vigatanI samajUtimAM 58mAMno 8 talane nAme caDAvI, bAkIno pAMcaDo pheraphAra thaIne, arthano anartha nIpajI jAya che eTale ja

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ekAdazama paricheda ] rAjAhalanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ 239 : upara jaNAvyA pramANe, tema ja prasaMgopAtta cAre pusta- kalaMka dhoI nAMkhyuM hatuM. A hakIkata pR. 217 mAM kamAM sAbita karI gayA pramANe, zilAlekhone rAjakIya samajAvAI gaI che. lekha naM. 7, 8 ane 36thI daSTie kotarAvela na gaNatAM, temAM dhArmika tatva jaNAya che ke, pUrva samaye rUSabhadatte ApeluM dAna na. raheluM che te buddhi grahaNa karIne, tene ukela zodhavo 17vALA gautamIputre potAnA nAme pheravAvI nAMkhyuM che. rahe che. zAtavAhana vaMzanA ItihAsa vRttAMte A sthiti Ano artha ema thAya ke te baMne purUSo eka ja dharmanA kharI rIte samajAya mATe, tene lagatA sarva zilAlekhone paNa heya athavA pratipakSI paNa heya. paraMtu pratipakSI saMgrahita karI, khAsa be (A pustake paMcama ane havA saMbhava nathI, kemake dAna ApavAnI vigatamAM SaSTama) paricchede varNavavAmAM AvyA che. banne jaNAe rUSi-munI ane tapasvIonA hitanI ja te uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke, jema yAtrAe vAta karyA karI che; pachI keIe zarIra rakSaNa mATe jatAM AvatAM ke putrajanmanA prasaMge ke anya prasaMge kapaDAM ApavAnI te keIe zarIra poSaNa mATe ke anya sAmAjIka kArya nimitta dAna devAnI rUDhI hAla khorAka pUro pADavAnI, ema keAIne kaI prakAranI dekhAya che tathA keAI rAjadvArIjIta maLatAM tenI khuzAlI tapazcaryA tathA saMyama karanAranI suzruSA saMbaMdhI ja darzAvavA ke laDAImAM nIpajAvela hiMsaka kAryo aMge lAgela vigate pragaTa karI che. keIe paNa, eka jaNe karelA pApanA nivAraNa athe paNa dAna devAtAM dekhAya che, tema dAnanI viruddhamAM janArI ke uthalAvI nAkhI, bIjA ja jIvananA aMta samaye dAna devAnI prathA paNa, atyAranI raste vAparavAnI salAha ApI nathI. vaLI lekhane paDe te samaye paNa pracalita hatI, evuM rAjA maitamI samaya kotaravAnI-varSa, Rtu, mAsa darzAvatI-paddhati putranA lekha naM. 8 uparathI samajAya che. A pramANe paNa batAve che ke, teo vidhamAM nahIM paNa eka ja aneka kAraNe dAna devAtAM najare paDe che ane te dhama haze. eTale siddha thayuM ke nahapANu kSaharATa, darzAvanArI hakIkata zilAlekhomAM ketarAvAya che. teno jamAi rUSabhadatta tathA zAtakaraNie ekaja dharmo zilAlekha ubhA karavAmAM pUrva samaye kevaLa ' hatA. bIjI bAju sAMcI-bhillAtUpamAM (juo lekha dhArmika dRSTie ja kAma levAtuM hatuM ema pharI na. 4) zAtakaraNanuM nAma saMyukta thayeluM che vaLI te ja ekavAra ullekha karIne, have AgaLa vadhIe; ke A stUpamAM caMdragupta mauryasamrATanuM nAma paNa Ave che. zAtavahanavaMzI rAjAone dharma kayo hato. banne kAryomAM dhamArthe dAna dIdhAnI vigata che. eTale nAzika jIllAmAM AvelA zilAlekhonI vigatothI sAbita thAya che ke, caMdragupta maurya ane zAtakaraNi vidita thAya che ke prathama te jale tathA tenAM sthAne svadhamAM hatA. tyAre trIjI bAju pAchI ema zAtakaraNinA tAbAmAM hatAM ane naha5Nune jamAI vigata jAhera thAya che ke, naM. 18mA pulumAvI rAjA rUSabhadatta ane pradhAna ame te chatI laI potAne zAtakaraNie (juo lekha naM. 10) kaligapati kabajAmAM ANyA hatAM. A pheraphArIne zAtavahanavaMzI- khAravele baMdhAvela mahAcetya-mahAvijayane aMge dAna oe kalaMkarUpa gaNyuM hatuM. eTale dAva AvatAM, * dIdhuM che. eTale khAla ane pulumAvI paNa zAtakaraNioe te pradeza pAchA meLavI laI lAgela eka ja dhamAM hovAnI khAtrI maLe che. A traNe (7) dhyAna rAkhavAnuM ke sAMcI stupa (Tope)nI vAta vastuo judI che. stUpa te dhArmika svarUpa che, staMbha te rAjathAya che. sAMcI taMbha (Pillar)nI nahIM. sAMcI khaMbha kIya svarUpa che. avaMtipati zuMgavaMzI bhAgarAjAnA samaye pelA takSilAnA (8) Ane lagatI vigata A pArigrAphe AgaLa juo, sUbA enTIziyAladAse ubhe karAvI tene arpaNa karyo (9) pu. 1mAM mR. 196 tathA pu. 2mAM jue. pR. 19, hato. temAM rAjakIya hetu samAyelo hate (juo (10) juo tRtiya pariccheda TI. 12, 13 tathA tenuM pu. 7, pR. 111). A uparathI samajAze ke stupa ane staMbha asala lakhANa.

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240 ] rAjAhAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samati [ ekAdazama khaMDa A lekhakanuM kahevuM eTale darajje sAcuM che ke, prabhAvakacaritra sivAya A hakIkata temane anya ThekANethI maLata nahIM; kemake kathAgraMthanA kartAnA samaya vikramanI khAramI sadInA che. eTale sUtragraMthAmAM te te hAyaja nahIM ane sarva prakAranI hakIkata kAMi eka ja graMthakartAe lakhavI joI e evA tA niyama DrAi zake ja nahIM. jethI hemacaMdrAcArya jevAnA granthAmAM te na pazu lakhAyalI saMbhave. ema teA hAthIguphAnA lekha ane khAravelavALI hakIkata, kAi sUtra ke kathAprathAmAM paNa nathI, chatAM tene kharA prasaMga tarIke varNavatA zilAlekha maLI Avela heAvAthI, have satya tarIke svIkAravI paDe cheja. matalaba ke game tyAMthI maLI AvatI hAya-pazu maLe tA che ja te. kAlpanIka to nathI ja te; ane te paNa AsA varSoM upara lakhAyelI che; jyAre te ja graMthamAM lakhAyelI anya kathAne svIkArI levAya, tyAre temAM lakhAyelI rAjA hAlanI ja kathA na mAnI levAnuM kAMI kAraNu che ? sivAya ke tenI virUddha janArI hakIkata rajI karI zakatA hAie teA. matalaba ke A rAjA hAla viSe lakhatAM ja. mAM. bra. za A jaina graMthamAM varNavelI hakIkatane jyAMsudhI vistR e. sA. pu. 9 pR. 143mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke "That 'purAvA nathI maLatA tyAM sudhI teA satya tarIke ja lekhavI Shriman Satavahan repaired the Tirtha rahe che. eTale ja vAraMvAra kahevuM paDe che ke, bhArataor sacred place (which cannot be varSanI prAcInatA vize jyAre jyAre kAI paNa made out without having the Prabhavak prakAranuM lakhavAne ke jANavAnA prasaMga prApta thAya tyAre charita) and the Padaliptasuri establistyAre, je te samayanA kevaLa vaidika ane aiAddha ema hed the standard=zrImAna zatavahane te tIrtha e ja dharmanAM pustako jovAze ane trojA jaina pustaathavA pavitra dhAmane jIrNoddhAra karAvyA hatA prabhAvaka krAnA anAdara karAze tA keTalIka hakIkatAne ekataraphathI carita sivAya khIjethAM A hakIkata maLI zakata nahIM) ja khyAla Avaze. athavA jema A kissAmAM ane pAdaliptasUrie dhvaja caDAvyA hatA." eTale ke rAnta hAla vize khanavA pAmyuM hAMta, tema aneka zAlivAhana hAla rAjAe jyAre tIrtha (zatrunya tIkhAtA taddana aMdhakAramAM ja rahI javA pAmaze; ane saMbaMdhI varNana karatAM lakhela che tethI te zatruMjaya A pramANe eka taraphI vastu raju thatAM, meLavAtI samajavAnA nA chIddhAra karyAM hatA tyAre zrI hakIkata apUrNa paNa rahI jAya ke vikRta svarUpe paNa ubhI pAdaliptasUrie tyAM AgaLa kAIka athavA teNe ja thaI jAya; je sthiti ame AlekhAyalA A prAcIna samarAvela maMdira upara, dhvajadaMDanuM Are paNa karAvyuM hatuM. bhAratavarSanA cAra-pAMca vibhAganA prakAzanathI khulle matalaba ke rAjA hAla ane pAliptasUri baMne sahasa- khullI sAbita thaI jAya che. tethI ja amArA A mayI hatA eTaluM ja nahi, paNa baMne jaNAe eka ja pustaka prakAzane vidvAnane Azcaryamugdha banAvI dIdhA vakhate amuka dharmakriyA karAvavAmAM bhAga lIdhA che. che. rAjA hAlanI dhArmikavRttinuM A eka udAharaNu hakIkatanuM ekIkaraNa karatAM sAra e thAya che ke, nahapANu kSaharATa, rUSabhadatta zuka, caMdragupta caiArya, rAjA hAla-zAtakaraNa pulumAvI ane rAjA khAravela pAMce eka ja dharmAvalakhI hAvA joie. jema A anumAna ke nirNaya zilAlekhI hakIkatathI tAravI zakAya che tema uparamAMnA rAjAonA je sikkA (pu. ranA sikkAcitrA tathA varNana) prApta thAya che temAM krAtarAvela cihno uparathI paNa e ja vigata puravAra thaI jAya che. A pramANe zilAlekha ane sikkA uparA-ema baMne rIte-je hakIkata arasaparasa samarthana karatI mAlama paDe te nizcayarUpe ja ApaNe mAnavI rahe che. teTalA mATe A pAMce rAjAe, jenuM vana atyAre cAlI rahyuM che, te rAjA hAla sivAyanA cArenAM vRttAMtemAM jema ApaNe jaNAvI gayA chIe tema teo badhA jainamatAnuyAyI hatA. chatAM kiMcidaMze paNa zaMkA rahI gaI hAya te! tenuM nivAraNa karavA have AkI rahelA rAjA hAlane lagatAM je khIjA keTalAka vizeSa pUrAvA maLI AvyA che te ApaNe ApIzuM.

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dvAdazama pariccheda 1 rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dhanI samati prakAmAM AvyuM. tevA prakAranI eka khIjI vastu paNa jaina sAhitya graMthamAMthI ja prApta thAya che. majakura lekhanA lekhaka DaoN. bhAudAjI AgaLa jatAM pR.144mAM [ ra41 gRhasthAvAsI heAvA chatAM, gurU pAse vidyAbhyAsa karavA nimitte temanI sAthe dezATana ane paribhramaNa karatA hatA. tema karatAM karatAM ekadA, teme (gurUziSya) lakhe che ke "In the Prabandha Chinta-saurASTramAM Avela zatru Mjaye padhAryAM hatA ane upa ramAM varNavela zatrujayeAranA ane dhvajadaMDa ArezahuNanA prasaMge upasthita thayA hatA. jema nAgArjune pAdaliptasUri pAse vidyAbhyAsa karyAM hatA. tema A pAdalipte Aryakhapu11(sUri) pAse abhyAsa karyAMnuM kahevAya che. te AryaMkhapuTasUri paNa A avasare vidvAra karatAM karatAM, tyAM zatruMjaye AvI caDayA hatA. eTale khapuTasUri (Arya khapuTAcArya), pAdalipta ane nAgArjuna, ema traNe jaNA ekI vakhate zatruMjaya pAse ekaThA thaI gayA hatA ane te prasaMge rAjA hAle upara nirdeza karela dharmakArya karyuM hatuM. A uparathI eTaluM phalitArtha thAya che ke, A cAre vyaktie eka bIjAnI samakAlIna che. bhale samavayaska nathI, kemake Arya khapuTAcArya sauthI vRddha hatA.12 temanAthI nAnA pAdalipta che ane sAthI nAnA nAgArjuna che. saMbhavita che ke kadAca pAdaliptasUrie bahu nAnI vayamAM ja-ATha varSanI umare dIkSA lIdhI hatI ane temanI tIvra buddhi tathA vidyAkitathI raMjIta thaI gurUmahArAja zrI AkhapuTe, temanI daza varSanI umare ja AcArye pachI ApI dIdhI hatI. AcAya thayA eTale sUri padAdhikArI anyA gaNAya. ane te avasthAmAM-keTalA varSe te jaNAyuM nathI- nAgArjunane temane bheTA thaye| hUMtA. eTale sAmAnya rIte kalpI zakAya che tema gurUnI umara ziSya karatAM meTI haze. paraMtu upara varNavyA pramANe gurU, evA pAdaliptasUrie jyAre ati nAnI umaramAMja jainadIkSA grahaNa karI che tyAre anavAyeAgya che ke kadAca gurU ane ziSya mani of Merutungacharya and Chaturvinshati Prabandh of Rajshekhar, another celebrity better known as Nagarjuna in the Buddhist works, is stated to have been a contemporary of a Satavahan and Padaliptacharya.= * merUtuMgAcAryanA prabaMdha ciMtAmaNI (graMthamAM) aneka rAjazekharanA caturaviM'zatI prabaMdhamAM eka khIjI mahAna vyakita ke je bauddha pustakAmAM nAgAna tarIke vadhAre prasiddha pAmela te (nAgArjuna) kAI eka sAtavAhana rAjA ane pAdaliptAcAryanA samakAlInapaNe thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che." eTale temanA kathanane sAra e che ke je mahApurUSa nAgArjunanuM varNana bauddha graMthAmAM vAraMvAra Ave che te nAgArjuna, prabaMdhaciMtAmaNI ane catuvi zati prabaMdhamAM jaNAvyA pramANe koieka sAtavAhana rAjA ane pAdaliptAcAryanA samakAlIna hatA. matalakha ke nAgArjuna, pAdaliptasUri ane A thAtavAhana rAjA, ema traNe jaNA samasamayI hatA. A zAtavAhana rAjA ane pAdaliptanI vizeSa oLakha uparanA pArigrAphe apAI gaI che. eTale jJAnavAhana rAjA te rAjA hAla zAlivAhana pote ja jANuvA,, jethI nAgArjuna, pAdalipta ane aMte rAjA hAla, te traNe samakAlIna thayA gaNAya. A pAdaliptasUri eka rIte nAgArjunanA vidyAgurU kahevAya che. gurU pote jaina hAvAthI eka racAne sthira vAse| karI zakatA naheAtA. eTale A nAgArjuna pote (11) Aya`khapuTasUranuM svarDaMgamana ma. saM. 484=I. pU. 43mAM thayuM che. temanI pAse pAdaliptasUrae abhyAsa karyA hatA. (nAgarI pracAraNI sabhAnI patrikA pu. 10 mAM, 4, pR. 723)=ApaNe rAjA hAlanA samaca I. sa. 147 thI i. sa. 17 noMdhyA che. eTale samanvaya che ke AryakhapuTanuM sva^gamana, rAjA hAlanA rAjyAbhiSeka 1 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat thayA khAda cAra varSa thayuM che. A samaye hAlanI bhramara lagabhaga 20 varSoMnI che. jyAre AkhapuTanuM AyuSya 70 varSInuM gaNAya che. eTale kamaramAM A khapuTa ghaNA vRddha hatA. te saheje samajAya che. (12) uparanI TIkA jIe, vaLI AgaLa pAnAnI hakIkata sAthe sarakhAve, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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ra4ra ] rAjAhalanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ekAdazama khaMDa (nAgAjuna) bane samavayaska paNa hoya; are ethI be banAvo banyAnuM nedhAyuM che. vAda karavAmAM niSNAta kadAca AgaLa vadhIne kahevAya, to e paNa asaMbhavita evA prakhyAta jaina sAdhu Arya khapUTa, je bhaNyamAM nathI ke gurU karatAM ziSya umaramAM moTo paNa hoya. rahetA hatA temaNe vAdamAM bauddhone jItI lIdhA hatA kemake jANavAmAM AvyuM che te pramANe nAgAjIne ane pAlItANuM rAjyamAM Avela zatruMjayanI nAnapaNamAM ghaNI ghaNI vidyA prApta karI lIdhI hatI sthApanA, (jenonA kahevA pramANe zatruMjaya eka ane AkAzagAminI vidyA mATe te, chevaTe moTI sAdhunI kRti che) karI hatI, jemaNe AkAzamAM umare ja prayAsa karyo hato. matalaba ke pAdalipta uDayana karavAnI zakti prApta karI hatI tathA temane ane nAgAna vacce gurU ziSyano saMbaMdha hovA eka ziSya jemane suvarNa siddhi maLI hatI. buddhi chatAM, umaranA bheda vize koI jAtanI rajuAta prabhAvanA A subhAgya vege, vizvanuM sauthI suMdarathaI nathI ke purAvo maLato nathI. vizeSa karIne mane hara evuM maMdiranagaramAMnuM eka nIpajAvyuM che" eTalA mATe te banyuM hovAnuM kahI zakAya che ke jyAre matalaba ke I. sa. pU. 56 nI AsapAsa be banAve pAdaliptasUri pote dIkSA avasthAmAM hatA tyAre nAgA- banyA hatA. eka jainAcArya AryakhapuTe bauddhone na gRhasthAvasthAmAM hatA. kevaLa vidyAbhyAsa arthe ja vAdamAM harAvyA hatA ane bIje pAlItANa rAjyanI te gurUnI sAthe bhramaNamAM joDAyA hatA. A kathAnaka hadamAM zatruMjayatIryanI sthApanA thaI hatI. A zatruMjaya uparathI have spaSTa samajAze ke nAgAna paMDitanI tIrthanI sthApanA jainazyA pramANe, AkAzagAminI sAMsArika sthiti tathA darajajo ke hate. bauddhamAM vidyAmAM niSNAta evA gurU, ane suvarNa siddhimAM nAgArjuna paMDitane lagatI je AkhyAyikAonuM darzana heziyAra evA ziSya; ema bannenA suyoga thavAthI, karAvAya che tenI khAtrI paNa A uparathI karI zakAze. A thavA pAmI hatI ane je maMdiranagaranI racanA vizvanA traNa (AkhapuTa AryapAdalipta ane nAgArjuna) mahApurUSa sauthI manoharamAM manohara evA nagara tarIke thai che vize lakhatAM, hArTa opha jenIjhamanA kartA. sTIvansane te A pramANe bane vidyAnA suyoganA prabhAvathI ja pR. 7-78 mAM nIcenA udagAra kADhI batAvyA che. thavA pAmI che ema samajAya che. A kathana tadana "Two other events are supposed to spaSTa che eTale vizeSa khulAsAnI AvazyakatA nathI; have happened about this time B. C. paraMtu vAcakavargamAMnA je koI jaina saMpradAyanI keTalIka 56; the defeat of the Buddhists in a AmanyAthI paricita na hoya tene mATe jaNAvavAnuM great argument by famous Jaina con- ke zatruMjaya tIrthanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI ema je trovertialist, an ascetic called Arya Kha lakhAyuM che te hArTa oNpha jainIjhama'nA lekhaka pote put, who lived in Broach and the vastusthitinA barAbara jANakAra na hovAthI, bhASAMtarafounding of Shatrunjaya, in the state kAra tarIke A zabdo lakhI kADhayA che, bAkI to kharIof Palitana, (Shatrunjaya the Jains sthiti e che ke, zatruMjaya parvata ane tIrtha ne kayArasay was built by a monk), who had the nAM astitvamAM hato ja paraMtu ekAda be maMdirane power of rising through the air, and jIrNoddhAra karAyAne ja prasaMga te vakhate banyo hato. by a disciple of his, who had the pachI jIrNoddhArane A lekhakanA kathana pramANe sthApanA power of creating gold. This fortunate kahe ke, ja, be. . ra. e. so.nA uparamAM TAMkela junction of talents has resulted in one vAkayanA lekhaka DaoN. bhAudAjInA kathana pramANe of the loveliest temple cities in the repaired=samarAvyAnuM kahe te judI vastu che chatAM world- A samaye I. sa. pU. lagabhaga 56mAM anya eka sthiti je banI che te raju karI daIe. A Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvAdazama pariccheda ] rAjAhalanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ra43 vakhata sudhI pAlItANuM rAjya ke gAmanuM astitva pramANe, buddha bhagavAnanA je paTTadhara gAdIpati banyA naheAtuM ja; te vakhate te pradezane saurASTra nAmathI ja che temAMnA eka che. temaja temane samaya paNa, upara eALakhAtuM hatuM ane zrInAgArjune pitAnA gurU jaNAvela pAdaliptaziSya nAgArjunanA samayane lagato ja pAdaliptasUrinA mAnArthe A nagara zatruMjaya parvatanI lagabhaga gaNAya che. eTale A bane nAgArjuna (jaina taLeTImAM te vakhate vasAvyuM hovAthI tenuM nAma pAdalipta- ane bauddha sAhityanA) eka ja che ke bina, ane sthAna ApyuM hatuM. pAdaliptasthAna zabdamAMthI dhIme eka ja hoya te jainInA gaNAya ke bauhanA, te mudo dhIme pAkisthAna thaI gayuM ane temAMthI apabhraMza thatAM nakkI karavAnuM kaThinakArya anya vidvAne ukelavA prayatna pAlistAna, pAlitAna ane chevaTe hAlanuM pAlitANuM karaze evI prArthanA che. thavA pAmyuM che. matalaba ke zatruMjyanI taLeTImAM A paMca vyaktionAM (pR. 240 juo; kSeharATa, pAlitANA gAma I. sa. pU. pa6nI AsapAsamAM bahANa, rUSabhadatta zaka, caMdragupta maurya, rAjA hAla zrInAgAne potAnA gurU pAdaliptasUrinA bahumAna zAlivAhana ane kaliMgapati khAravela)nAM dharmatIrthomAMthI tarIke vasAvyuM hatuM. vaLI eka manahara maMdiranagara tarIke je ekamAM zAlivAhananuM nAma joDAyeluM hatuM tenuM teno ja ullekha karAyo che te vAkaya paNa thoDoka vRttAMta saMkSiptamAM ApyuM che. tene aMge haju sudhI khulAso mAMgI le che. vidvAna lekhake jema mAnI lIdhuM pAzcAtya keLavaNIkAre zrama sevI je maMtavya bahAra che tema A be gurU-ziSya potAnI vidyA-zaktithI pADayAM che tenAM temaja jaina sAhityagraMthanAM kevaLa anAvI nathI dIdhuM. kharI rIte janasAdhathI avataraNo ja ApaNe tapAsI joyAM che. sAthe sAthe jainate nagara vasAvavA ke maMdira baMdhAvavA jevI sAvadha graMthanA mULa zabdo utAravAnuM paNa atra Avazyaka pravRttimAM bhAga ja laI zakAtA nathI. paraMtu paMDita dhAruM chuM. mAtra be ja nimnalikhita zleka TAMkIzaHnAgArjuna gRhasthAvAsamAM hevAthI te pite sarva kAMI zrI sAtavAdanAtha mUka parva tIrtha mudAra punaH karI zake che. eTale ja gRhasthane zebhe tevuM atra je bI vAra tiri darvajJAtiet capatti satra kAMI pAdaliptasUrie karAvyuM gaNavAmAM Ave che te (zrI prabhAvaka caritra pR. 74, ke 84) gurUbhaktine aMge zrInAgArjune karyuM hatuM ema samajI bhAvArtha-zrI sAtavAhana nAme rAjAe A tIrthane levuM. bIjI vAta e che ke, te samayathI ja zatrajayatIrtha (bharUca) punarUddhAra karyo ane temAM zrI pAdaliptasUrie manahara maMdiranagara banI gayuM hatuM ema paNa, mAnI dhvajapratiSThA karI. A zlokamAM bharUca zaherane AzrayIne levAnuM nathI. te samaye te kevaLa gaNyAgAMThayA ja maMdira lakhAyuM che, jyAre ApaNe lekhakenA zabdAdhAre hatAM; paraMtu temanuM anukaraNa karatAM karatAM kALa gaye, zatrajyane aMge tene ulekha karyo che. teTalA pheraphAra eTalAM badhAM maMdiro baMdhAI gayAM ke, vartamAnakALe tene sAthe ApaNe lakhela kathana vAMcavuM. bAkI pAdalipta maMdiranagara tarIke oLakhI zakAya tevuM banI gayuM che ane ane zAlivAhananA samayane aMge ke zAlivAhananI vizvamAM sarvazreSTha manohara maMdira tarIke tenI khyAti dhArmika manovRtti paratve ApaNe je jAhera karela che temAM namI paDI che. zatruMjaya pratyenA lekhake vAparela zabdane kAMI pheraphAra thato nathI temaja anya viraha anumAna A pramANe khalAso jANa. zrInAgArjuna saMbaMdhI baMdhAI jAya tevuM paNa kAMI prApta thatuM nathI. jaNAvavAnuM ke, temanI vidvattAnI ane maMtravidyAnI saMg-vidhAma-vArakA -vASThita-utarAyA 3 aneka rasamayI vArtAo tathA kathAnake kahevAmAM Ave jaM uddharihiMti tayaM sirisattuMjayamahAtitthaM // che. temanAja nAmerI eka vyakti, kahevAmAM Ave te (dharmaghoSasUrinuM zatruMjayaka95) (1) A vAhaDa, siddharAja solaMkI ane kumArapALanA samaye thayela udayanane trIjo putra che tathA dattarAjA have pachI

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244 ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti bhAvAca:-saMprati, vikrama, vAhuDa, hAla, pAdalipta sUri ane dattarAjA jenA uddhAra karanAra che te zrI zatruMjaya mahAtIrtha; AmAM pAdaliptasUri ane rAjA hAlanAM nAma spaSTa rIte zatruMjaye dvAranI sAthe joDAyalAM che eTale ApaNe karela carcAne sarva rIte saMmata che. A AAkamAM rAjA hAlane spardhA uparAMta rkha cha paNa keTalIka hakIkata jANuvA jevI nIkaLI Ave che; kemake vikrama eTale zakAri vikramAdityane tathA rAjA saMprati (jene ApaNe maryavaMzI samrATa priyadarzina TharAvyA che) nA paNu jainatIrthAthatruMjya sAthe saMbaMdha hovAnuM jaNAvela che. ApaNe svataMtra rIte, te ane rAjavInAM vRttAMte jaNAvI gayA chIe ke teo jainamatAnuyAyI hatA te kathanane have A zleAkathI rA maLe che. zatruMjya ane sAMcInI hakIkata kahI dIdhI che. tema amarAvatI-mahAcaityanI ghaTanAnuM paNa ADakatarI rIte ceDuMka varNana karI dIdhuM che. have nAsika jIllAvALA pradezanI samajUti ApIzuM, te pradeza nAnA nAnA zilAlekhAthI bharacaka paDayA che ema kahevAya / khATuM nathI. temAM sauthI vizeSa saMkhyAmAM te nAsika zaheranI lageAlaga haiAvAthI tene vidvAnoe nAsika zilAlekhanuM ja nAma ApyuM che. nAsika sivAya kanherI, nAnAbATa, jIngera, kArlo AdinA paNa che. eTale A badhA zilAlekhanA, sthAne, tema ja temAM nirdeza karela gAmaDAMone vicAra karIzuM te sahaja anumAna bAMdhI zakAya che ke, lagabhaga 30thI 50 mAilanA gherAvAvALA mulaka te gaNI zakAya; ane tevA pradezamAM AvelA parvatamAMthI keTalAMkanA nAmA RkSa, kRSNagiri, Adi (jIe pR. 102-103) jaNAyAM che, tema krAinAM nAma ajANumAM paNa rahI jatAM haze. athavA te sarva, eka sAmAnya meTA parvatanAM zikharArUpe AvI rahyAM hoya ema paNa bane; ane prAna saurASTramAM jema siddhAcaLa urphe vimaLA [rgAra prathama tA 108 zikharavALA eka ja girirAja thanAra che. A banne vyaktine atra saMbaMdha na heAvAthI temane lagatuM vivecana karela nathI. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaMDa hatA. paraMtu pachIthI pRthvI upara thatA pheraphArAne lIdhe te sarva zikhare judAM paDI jaI vesvataMtra girie tarIke eALakhAvA lAgyA che, tema pUrvasamaye A nAsika jIllAne girirAja paNa prathama eka moTA parvatarUpe ja astitva dharAvatA hrAya ane tenAM ghaNAM zikhare hoya; paraMtu je samaye nahapANa, rUSabhadeva ane zAMtavAhanavaMzI rANI khaLazrInA putra-pautra evA gautamIputra tathA vAsiSThaputra thayA te kALe tenuM svarUpa karI gayuM hAya, ane temAMthI kevaLa traNa zikharane eka parvata, khIjA sarvathI chUTA paDI gayA haiAya te banavA megma che. traNa zikharavALA te parvata hAvAthI tenuM nAma trirazmi kahevAtuM hatuM; ke jenA uparathI traikUTakavaMzanI sthApanA thai che. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, sArASTradezane vimaLAcala tathA tenA pRthaka zikhare| jema tIrthasthAna tarIke pavitra gaNAya che tema A nAsika jIllAnA parvata tathA tenA zikharAvALA AkhA pradezagovaradhana samaya (jue lekha naM. 7, 13 i.) paNa tIrthadhAma tarIke pavitra gaNAtA hatA. eTale ke rUkSa ane kRSNagiri A meTA parvatanAM aneka zikhareAmAMnAM enAM nAmeA ja samajavA rahe che. uparAMta naM. 13 lekhamAM je keTalAMka aprasiddha nAma che temAMnA pazu kAika A meTA girirAjanAM aMga-zRMgo saMbhavI zake che. A rUkSanuM pUrUM nAma rathAvarta che. A racAvartane jainasUtra (AcArAMga, niryukti vi.)mAM "rathAvatanagaM" kahyo che. vajrasUrinAmanA jainAcAryanuM vRttAMta lakhatAM te zabda vize 'prabhAvaka caritra,' vi. saM. 1987 mudrita pR. 17 upara jaNAvAyuM che ke, A eka jainanuM prasiddha tIrthaM hatuM. te parvata upara vajrasuri anazana karI svarge gayA che. kalpasUtranI sukhAdhikAmAM (jIe pR. 130) te vasUrinA jIvanacaritramAM nirdiSTa thayela che ke, jyAre sApArakanagaramAM te hatA tyAre peAtAnuM AyuSya kSINa thayela jANI rathAvarta parvata upara jaI anazana karyuM hatuM.14 A kacane sUcave che ke, (14) pacama paricchede, lekha na, 13 TI, na, 77 Ae. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvAdazama pariccheda rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ 245 rathAvarta parvata sopArakanagaranI najIkamAM have joIe, ApaNe lIdho che. temaja A kSaharATa tathA zAhItema ja te parvata jainonuM eka pavitratIrtha paNa hatuM ja. prajAnuM nikaMdana kADhanAra, ane " Restored the naM. 13 vALA lekhanI hakIkata sAthe upara TAMkela jainasUtra glory of the Satavahans=zAtavAhanonI ane sAhityagraMthanA kathananuM ekIkaraNa karIzuM to kIti punaH ujajavaLa banAvI" evA zabda A rathAvartaparvata te ja rUkSa parvata che tathA teja lakhAvanAra rANI baLazrInA putra gautamIputra zAtatrirazmi parvatanA eka aMga tarIke oLakha rahe che. karaNano samaya I. sa. pU. 72 thI 47 lekho vaLI te parvata janadharmane eka pavitra tIrtha paNa hatuM.15 che eTale te paNa baMdhabesato thaI jAya che. uparAMta upara jaNAvelA pAMca rAjA tathA temanA nAme nahapANa-rUSabhadattanI pachI ja gautamIputrano samaya sAthe saMyukta thayela sthAnenAM Apela varNana ane Thare che; jethI nahapANanA maherA upara gautamIputra hakIkata uparathI siddha thaI gayuM che ke, te sarve rAjAe pitAnuM maheNuM chApI zake che, temaja rUSabhadatte Apela janadhamAM hatA temaja te sarva sthAne sAthe jainadharmanI kSetradAna pheravIne gautamIputra pitAnA nAme paNa karI pavitratA ja saMkaLAyelI che. matalaba ke te sthAna zake che. matalaba ke A hakIkatanI satyatA paNa dareka pavitra jainatIrtho hatAM. ATalI vicAraNA vasta- rIte siddha thaI gaI. sthitine aMge thaI. have te sarvane samaya ekabIjAne have sAcInI vicAraNA karavI rahI. sAMcInA baMdhabesate Ave che ke nahIM te paNa joI laIe. sthAna upara eka staMbha (Pillar) ane eka stUpa prathama zatruMjaya parvatane lagatI hakIkato vicArIe. (Tope) maLIne be vastu che. benI vacce zuM bheda AryakhapuTanuM svargagamana ma. sa. 484 I. sa. pU. 43mAM che te ApaNe AgaLa upara samajAvavAnuM che. atra manAya che.11 temanI pAse pAdalipta abhyAsa karyo stUpane AzrayIne ApaNuM kathana che. stUpanAM Ama ane temanI pAse nAgAjIne abhyAsa karyo. eTale e te aneka aMge che paraMtu mukhyapaNe be kahI zakAya. badhAno samaya i. sa. pU. 43 thI mAMDIne te bAda 50 eka teno mukhya bhAga je moTA goLAkArarUpe caNataravarSanA gALAno thayo gaNAya. ApaNe rAjA hAla zAli- kAmanA eka DhagalA-puMja-TekarArUpe hoya che te. ane . vAhanane samaya I. sa. pU. 47 thI I. sa. 17 no bIjo, tenA prAMgaNa tarIke cAre tarapha dIvAlarUpe banAvyo che. eTale ke AryakhapuTanuM svargagamana thayA pUrve cAra heya che te; ke jemAM pravezadvArano paNa samAveza thaI varSe rAjA hAlane rAjyAbhiSeka thaI gayo hato. te jAya che. prathama mukhyabhAga sAmAnya rIte eka ja bAda 50 varSanA gALAmAM pAdalaptasUri ane nAgArjuna samaye banAvela hoya che, jayAre dIvAlana pharate ane tathA rAja hAla ema traNenAM jIvanakALano moTo bhAga tenA daravAjAo-sihadhArAvALo bhAga, kadAca mukhya vyatIta thayo kahevAya-A pramANe sarva ghaTanAne samaya bhAga banAvavAnA samaye paNa ubhA karAyA hoya athavA maLI rahyo. eTale temanAM vRttAMtane satya tarIke svIkArI anya samaye paNa banAvAyA heya. eTaluM ja nahIM levuM rahyuM. paraMtu ema paNa bane che ke cAre taraphanA kampAunDanA rathAvarta parvata saMbaMdhI hakIkatamAM nahapANa ane A badhAM bhinna bhinna avayava hoI, bhinna bhinna rUSabhadattane samaya I. sa. pU. 114 thI 5ra sudhInA samaye pRthaka pRthaka vyaktionI kRtirUpe paNa banAvelI (15) A hakIkata pu. kamAM rUSabhadattanA jIvanavRttAte caritre paNa A vastune khyAla apAyo che. tema ja Azira IzvaradattanI utpatti tathA vRttAne samajAvI (16) jIo nA. . pa. pu. 10, aMka 4, pR.. che te tyAM juo. 723; munizrI kalyANavijayajIne "jainakALa gaNanAne A pustake dazama paricode naM. 12 vALA zAtakaraNinA lekha. Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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246 ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ekAdazama kheDa hAya che. eTale mukhya ImAratanA ane pharatI dIvAla banAvAyAnA samayamAM, ekatA paNa hAya ke bhinnatA paNa hAya; jyAre kaMpAunDanA badhAM aMgA tA sAmAnya rIte pRthaka pRthaka samaye ja banAvAyelAM najare paDe che. paraMtu eTaluM lagabhaga cesa dekhAi Avela che mukhya caNatarakAma ubhuM karavAnA samaya sarrathA dIvAla karavAnA samayanI pUrvenA ja DAya che; kemake A stUpo kAMi ApaNA grahasthagRheAnI peThe, rahevAnAM makAnarUpe nathI ke, prathama dIvAla ubhI karI cAre taraphanuM rakSaNa meLavI levuM paDe; jethI mukhya ImAratane aMge upayAgamAM levAtI mUkAtI ane aNuvAmAM AvatI aneka vastuonI nirbhayatA rahe, tema ja kArIgarezane kAma karavAne meAkaLAza maLe tathA anya prakArano DakhalagIrIthI mukti rahe. A stUpe te pu. 2mAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che, tema hamezAM maraNunI samAdhirUpe ubhA karAya che. tene zAstramAM niSadyA kahevAya che ane vartamAnakALe 'tarI' kahevAya che. jyAre cAre bAjunI pharatI dIvAlA mukhya imAratanA mAtra saMrakSaNarUpe che. eTale svAbhAvikatAe ja che ke, mukhya caNatararUpa pUja te prathama caNAyala hAya che. kemake, je vyaktinA smAraka mATe te ubhe karAya che tenA maraNu pAmyA bAdanI sarva aMtima kriyA tyAM ja karAyalI haiAya che. eTale te sthAnanuM nirmANa prathama bane che ane te khAda ja tenA rakSaNu mATenI kriyAonuM sana vicArAya che. A pramANe AkhA stUpa ane tene krUratA prAMgaNanA baMdhAraNa mATenI praNAlikA khanI gaI che. tene anusarIne ApaNe tenA samaya nirNayane vicAra karavA rahe che. sAMcI stUpamAM je vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNanuM nAma vAMcavAmAM Ave che tenA samayane lagatuM vivecana karatAM, ja. khAM. haiM. ra. e. sA. (navI AvRtti) pachI jaNAve che ) Mr. Chanda (Memoirs of the Arch. Surv. India No. 1, p. 175) and Sir John Marshall assign the reliefs on the four gateways of Sankechi to the latter half of the first century=mi. caMdA (memAirsa eka dhI rki. sarve iDiyA. pu. 1, pR. 175) ane sara jona mArazala sAMcI (stUpa)nA cAre pravezadvAra uparanAM zilpane I. sa.nI pahelI sadInA madhya samayanA lekhe che." dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke, pahelI sadInI madhyakAlIna I. sa. 57nA samayanI vastu tarIke je nirdiSTa karI che te teA pravezadvAra ja che; nahIM ke stUpane lagatA mukhya pUja; eTale stUpa ane tene pharatI dIvAlAnA sarjana nirmANu mATe je siddhAMta ApaNe uparamAM samajAvI gayA chIe te pramANe, mukhya stUpanI imAratanA nirmANa kALa tA IsavInI prathama sadInA karatAM paNa pUrvane ja hAi zake; jema uparanA vidvA potAne abhiprAya jaNAvyA che, tema tene ja lagabhaga maLatA vicAra janarala kanigahAme peAtAnA bhisATApsa nAme graMthamAM pR. 269mAM vyakta karyo jAya che. temanA zabdo A pramANe che, That the gateways were added in the reign of Siri Satkarni between the years of 19 & 37 A. D.=zrI zAtakaraNa rAjye I. sa. 19 ane 37nI vacce A siMhadvArAnI vRddhi karavAmAM AvI che. A pramANe samayanirNaya TharAvavAmAM temane zuM kAraNeA maLyAM che te spaSTapaNe kahevAmAM AvyAM nathI, nahi te ApaNe carcA karI zakata. parantu eTaluM te spaSTa thaI zake ja che ke temanA mata pramANe siMhaddAranA samaya i. sa. 19thI 37 nA che. amArUM ema mAnavuM A pu. 3, pR. 56mAM tenA vidvAna lekhaka jaNAve che ke,che ke rAjA hAlanA samayanI te kRti heAine tenA samaya "That this king Vashisthaputri Siri i. sa. 1 ane 17nI vaccenA hoI zake. lipinA Satakarni is to be identified with one vaLAMka uparathI nirNaya bAMdhavAmAM jyAre dADha deDha te of the later Satakarnis=A rAjA vAsiSThaputra che e sadInI bhUlA thaI jAya che tyAre atre mAtra vIsa jJAtakaSNui pAchalA bhAgamAM thayela zAtakaraNamAMnA varSanI gaNatrIne taphAvata e kAMI meTI vastu nathI. ekAda tarIke oLakhI zakAya che, (ATaluM lakhIne matalaba ke, ApaNe je samaya rAjA hAlanA TharAvya

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dvAdazama pariccheda ] che te sthApatya, kaLAnAna ane zilAlekhanA AdhAre satya ja kare che. A pramANe sAMcIne lagatI vicAraNA ahIM pUrI thAya che. eka e navI vAtA have rahI ekalI amarAvatI stUpanI vicAraNA temAM tA mAtra khAravelanA mahAcaityane A vAziSThIputre dAna dIdhuM hatuM eTaluM ja jaNAvAyaluM hAvAthI je sAra kADhI zakAya te e ke, khAravela pachI zAtakaraNa vAsiSThaputra thayA hatA paraMtu samayanI ceAkasAI ghaDI zakAtI17 nathI. bahumAM bahu khAravelanA samaya i. sa. pU.nI pahelI sadI ke te pUrve hatA eTaluMja kahI zakAyuM. A pramANe zilAlekhamAM Avela nAmavALA rAjA hAla, I. sa. pU.nI pahelI sadInA prAraMbhamAM thayA hatA tathA te zilAlekhavALA zatruMjya ane trirazmi parvatanAM zRMgArakSAvarta ane kRSNagara sahita-sAMcI stUpa tathA amarAvatI stUpanAM sthaLA; te sarva jainadharmanAM ghodhaka sthAne hatAM; eTalI hakIkata siddha thaI lekhAze. te uparathI ema paNa phalitArtha thAya che ke rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane keTalAka vaidika matAnuyAyI heAvAnuM je mAne che te zilAlekhI pUrAvAthI asatya kahevAze. A saMbaMdhI vizeSa vivecana AgaLanA paricchede zaka zAlivAhanavALA pArigrAphe ApavAmAM Avaze. atra ATalA IsAre| ja asa thaze. ve jyAre rAjA zAlivAhananA dharma vizenA prAmA Nika pUrAvA ane hakIkata maLI eka e navI vAtA gayAM che tyAre vartamAnakALe cAlI rahelAM eka be anya maMtavya upara paNa kAMika amArA vicAra vyakta karavAnuM saMsthAne gaNAze, ema dhArI te atra raju karIzuM. prathama hakIkatanI rajuAta A gautamIputra ane vAsiSThIputranA aneka lekhAmAM nirdeza karAyelAM gAmaDAnAM sthAna paratve che. je gAmaDAnAM sthAna vize pUrI khAtrI nathI cukha te vaI ddaSTae. tApaNu, pluraka, manamADa, 2 247 karajaka i. nAM nAma vize vinA saMkrAce tarata kahI zakAze ke, te sthaLAnAM prAcIna nAmeA uccAramAM kAi paNa pheraphAra vinA ke jarAka sthAnika pheraphAra sAthe tene te ja atyAre paNa sacavAi rahyAM che. eTale jema kRSNagiri-kanherI, kArlenI guphA, sahyAdrInA zikhareza che. I. jaina dharmanAM tIrthadha mA gaNAyAM che tema vartamAnane manamADa jIllA tathA tenI hadamAM AvelAM leArA ane karajata I. gAme jene! ullekha zAtakaraNanA zilAlekhAmAM dAna ApyA nimite, ke tenuM utpanna meLavavA rUpe thayA che, te sarve gAmeA jainamatAvalakhI hevAnuM mAnavuM rahe che. are kahe ke AkhA gAvardhanasamayaja (geAdAvarI nadInA mULa pAsenA pradeza) tene lagatA hatA. temaja te dharmanAM sthAnAthI jyAre te bharacaka hatA tyAre IlArA ane ajaMTAnI guphAomAM je dRzyane vidvAneA bauddhadharmAMnAM kahI rahyAM che te maMtavyAnI oLakha karAvavAmAM paNa have pheraphAra thaze ema svIkAravuM rahe che. vadhAre nahIM teA I. sa.nI trIjI-cothI sadI pUrvenAM (kAraNa ke te samaye jainetara evA guptavaMzI samrATanI sattAmAM A pradeza javA pAmyA hatA) smArakA tA bauddhane badale jaitenAM ja kahevAM paDaze. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat khIjI hakIkata je rajuAta mAMgI rahI che te, purANanAM kathanane aMge che. pariccheda 10mAM, pR. 202thI 207 sudhI zAtakaraNa hAla rAjAnA mAtapitAnI tathA pUrvajanI eALakhaneA patto lagADavA, purANunAM avataraNA ApavAM paDayAM che. temAM eka e prakAre che ke, tenA janma daivAdhIna saMyAgAmAM thayA che. paraMtu te saMyeAga upasthita thavAnA kAraNarUpa, yajJa karavAmAM vijJa karanArA mlecchA taraphathI asthi Adi pheMkAtAM hAvAnuM temaja te vidmanA nivAraNuarthe zIvajI pAse yAcanA--prArthanA karavA gayAnuM jaNAvAyuM che. A graMthana uparathI evA khyAla utpanna thAya che ke, AkhAye prasaMga vaidikadharmanAM anuSTAnane lagatA che, temaja te sAthe rAjA hAlanA janmane saMkalita karAyA che. paraMtu (17) AnA samaya i. sa. pU.nI pAMcamI sadIne tenuM asala lakhANa juo. che te mATe upara tRtIya pariSkRiDI. na. 12, 13 tathA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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248 ] jyAre rAjA hAla te jainadharmI hAvAnuM TharI cUkayuM che tyAre zaMkA ubhI thAya che ke A e vastu zI rIte banavA pAmI haze? saMbhava che ke, jema aneka vastu" enI sthiti-sarjana, rakSaNa ke nAza-te te sthAnanA rAjakartAnA dharma upara avalaMbe che, tema atra paNa banavA pAmyuM hAya. kayAre thayuM haze te karavAnuM kArya ApaNe anya saMzodhA upara che|DI daizuM paraMtu eTaluM cokkasa dekhAya che ke AvA pheraphArA pAchaLathI thavA pAmyA che. rUpa eka e navI vAtA (1) sAmAnya rIte maraNa--samAdhi ( jene jaina saMpradAyamAM niSadyA zabdathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. jIe hAthINuMkA lekha )nA smAraka tarIke racavAmAM Ave che. (2) jenuM maraNa thayuM heAya tenuM nAma hAya ke na paNa hAya, kemake tene kIrtinI kAMi paDI nathI hotI. (3) paraMtu dAna denAra, bhakti nimitte kArya karatA hai|vAthI, temAM dAna denAra tarIke anekanAM nAma lakhela hAya che. (4) dAnanA hetu darzAvavAmAM dhArmika prasaMga ke hetu jaNAvela hAya che. (5) sAla / samayadarzaka hakIkatA bhinna bhinna samayanI (naM. 3 nA kAraNane lIdhe) hAya che. benI vacce je mukhya pheraphAra amArI najare dekhAya che tenuM upara pramANe vargIkaraNa karI khatAvyuM che. tene anulakSIne jo sAMcInA stUpa ane staMbhanA kartA tarIke zeSa karIzuM te, prathamamAM caMdragupta, vAsiSTIputra Adi anekanAM nAme maLI Avaze jyAre staMbhamAM ekalA zAtakaraNanuM ja nAma maLI Avaze. stUpamAM dAnanuM kAraNu darzAvatAM bhinna bhinna muddAo temaja vastuonuM pradarzana dekhA Avaze, jyAre staMbhamAM azvamedha karyAnuM ke prajA upara kara vasUla karyAnuM ItyAdi AjJArUpa ane sattAdarzaka hakIkato maLI Avaze. A prakAranI anekavidha cALavaNIthI staMbha Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa je pheraphAra A pramANe thaI javA pAmyA che tenI noMdha uparamAM ApaNe lIdhI kahevAze. sAthesAthe je pheraphAra-gerasamajUti-thavA zakya che tene atra sphoTa karI laie. pR. 245-6 mAM sAMcI stUpanuM varNana karatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, te sthaLe stUpa ane staMbha ema e vastue che. A khenI samajUti vacce zuM bheda che te AgaLa upara kahIzuM. te atra samajA vavA prayatna karIzuM. staMbha (1) sAmAnya rIte vijayanA cihnarUpe ubhA karAya che; chatAM kAi vakhate dhArmika svarUpa tenuM hAya che kharUM; paraMtu samAdhirUpe te! nahIM ja- priyadarzinanA staMbhA samajavA). (2) mukhyata: vijaya meLavanAranuM nAma hrAya ja kemake ubhuM karavAmAM pradhAna hetu peAtAnI kIrti gAvA mATe ja hAya che. (3) vijaya meLavanAra eka ja hAya jethI nAma phakta ekanuM ja hoya ane sattAsUcaka AnAdarzaka hAya. (4) vijaya meLavavAmAM pradezanI jIta, kAI sAthenI laDAI ke krAIne kAI sAMsArika bhAlasAnI yukti heAya. (5) eka ja sAla kru samaya hAya. upara kASTaka sAtakaraNae potAnA samayanA avaMtipati upara meLavela chatanAM anestUpa upara paNa jJAtakaNinA nAma heAvA chatAM turata tAravI zakAya che ke, staMbha che te naM. 7 vALA zAtakaraNanA smArakarUpa tathA i. sa. pU. 232 tA che, jyAre stUpa che te, judA judA samaye thayelA evA mauryasamrATa caMdragupte I. sa. pU. nI thI sadImAM, ane naM, 18 vALA cAtakaraNuie I. sa. pU pahelI sadInA pAchalA bhAgamAM tathA anya bhaktajane e svadharmapravataka evA zrI mahAvIranI maraNu-samAdhi-niSadyA-pratye darzAvelI bhakti nimittanA dAnanI hakIkatAthI bharacaka anela che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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-- - - - - - -- - - - - dvAdazama pariccheda ] zakasthApanA jevA uddabhava prasaMge - pu. 1. mAM pR. 6 ane pu. 2 mAM pR. upara, putra zAtakaraNie ja pAchAM meLavIne (Restored A saMsAramAM mahApurUSanA udabhava kayAre thavA pAme the glory of the Satvahanas) zAMtavAha A che tenuM varNana saMbhavAmi yuge yuge nenI kIrtine ujajavaLatA arpaNa karI hatI jethI te zakasthApanA jevA vAkyanI samajuti ApatAM A prasaMgane teo paNa eka rIte, dhArmika opa ApIne uddabhavaprasaMgo patAM kiMcideza karavAmAM AvyuM RNapheDananA nimittarUpa gaNI zake tema hatuM. ane tenA che. vaLI pu. 4 mAM samayanI nAmane saMvatsara cAlu karI deta. paraMtu samajAya kALa gaNanA mATe svataMtra aSTama khaMDa reko che. che ke, uttarahiMda ane dakSiNahiMdanI prajAne-banetenA aMte, ke zaka athavA saMvata uttama kahevAya tenuM te prasaMge lagabhaga eka samaye ja banyA hovAthI, patraka pR. 106 mAM joDayuM che, je uparathI spaSTa thAya ke zA mATe ane kevI rIte uja-tene bheda paDI " che ke dharmapravartakanA smaraNamAM je saMvata cAlu thAya che ke nahIM; ane uttarahiMdanI prajAe saMvatane AraMbha te uttama gaNAya che. temaja bhale rAjAnA nimitta karI dIdhela hovAthI dakSiNanI prajAe te vicAra saMvatane prAraMbha karAya paraMtu rAjAjJA karatAM prajA paDatuM mUkI dIdho hoya. athavA te goradhanasamaya pite ja svayaM kuraNAthI potAnA upara te rAjAe karela vALAM tIrtho pAchAM maLI gayAM te eka rIte khuzAlIne mahAna upakAranI jALavaNI mATe je te AraMbhe, te prasaMga te dakSiNanI prajAne hato ja, temAM ya pUvanA mAlike tenI uttamatA paNa kamI nathI. tenAM dRSTAMta tarIka taraphathI temane kAMI trAsa nahato eTale paNa temane naM. 6 vALA IsavI, naM. 7 ne vikrama ane naM 9 RNamukti ujavavAne AnaMda thAya. vaLI rAjyane punane zaka-ema traNa sevata prajA taraphathI sthApIta prApti thaI teTale daraje tene khuzAlIne prasaMga kharA ja thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A traNene aMge thoDuM thoDuM paNa tethI prajAne zuM? rAjya pitAnI khuzAlI vivecana karavAno prasaMga atre upasthita thayo che. zilAlekha katarAvIne pradarzita karI dIdhI, pachI rahyo naM. 7 vALo vikramasaMvata, jyArathI zakAri vikrama- prazna to prajAno ja; temane mane te nahapaNuM ane ditye avaMtinI prajAne, temane zaka rAjAnA trAsamAMthI rUSabhadattanuM Adhipatya paNa sarakhuM ja hatuM, tema AMdhramata karI tyArathI prajAe te RNamuktinI yAdagirimAM. patinuM paNa sarakhuM ja hatuM. kemake te banne svadharma ja te rAjAnA rAjyArohaNanA dinathI tenA nAmanA saMvatana hatA ane tethI ja prajAne dhArmika anuSThAna karaprAraMbha karyo. uttarahidane lagatI A bAbata hAine vAmAM koI jAtano avarodha pratibaMdha ke muzkelI A saMvata mukhyAMze uttarahidamAM ja vizeSa pragati- naDatAM nahotAM. A prakAranI anekavidha muMjhavatI mAna che. have ItihAsanA abhyAsathI ApaNe jANI vicAraNAnA aMte dakSiNanI prajAe te prasaMgane yAdagAra cUkyA chIe ke zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM dakSiNapati banAvavAnuM mana upara levAnuM mAMDI vALI emane ema te naM. 17 mA AMdhrapatine paNa hAtha to hato ja eTale prasaMga pasAra thavA dIdho dekhAya che. paraMtu jyAre ne te upakAradarzana kevI rIte vaLAya? vaLI bIjI bAju 17nA vArasadAra naM. 18nA roja zAlivAhana rAjAe. ema sthiti che ke, zakaprajAno trAsa te uttara dakSiNa pradezanI prajAne svadharmanI kriyAo karatA hiMdane hato, nahIM ke dakSiNahiMdane; ane uttara hiMdanI siMhaladvIpa taraphanA pleccha taraphathI naMkhAtA upadravaprajAe te te RNaphiDana karI vALyuM hatuM te pachI mAMthI mukti apAvI tyAre te samajAya che ke da dakSiNanI prajAe zuM karavuM tema trIjI sthiti-gavaradhana prajAne potAnI RNamukti mATenI pharajanuM bhAna samaya mAM patharAI rahelAM temanAM tIrthasthAne je zaka thavA pAmyuM haze. eTale temaNe potAnA rAjA prajAe (nahapANu ane rUSabhadatta jevA) khUMcavI lIdhAM zAlivAhananI yAgirimAM kAMIka karavuM evuM sUjhayuM hatAM te A naM. 17 vALA AMdhapati urphe gautamI - hoya. jo te samayathI smArakane AraMbha kare te che. sa. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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250 ]. sakasthApanA jevA uddabhavaprasaMge [ ekAdazama khaMDa pU. 28 (juo pR. 24-5)thI ane rAjAnA rAjyA- paDI hatI temAM DAka samayathI palaTo thaI zAMtinuM bhiSekathI kare to I. sa. pU. 4thI tenI Adi sAmrAjya patharAvA mAMDayuM hatuM. tema yuropamAM paNa karAya. tyAre uttarahindamAM tevA prasaMganI yAda dharmanA nAme aneka pAkhaMDa vadhI paDayAM hatAM. tyAM paNa I. sa. 5. 57mAM thaI cUkI ja hatI. eTale dakSiNa dharmaviSayaka prakaraNamAM aneka prakAre sudhAraNA karavAnI hindavALA te khuzAlIne vyakta karavAno amala kare te AvazyakatA tarI AvatI hatI. A viSayane joke uttarahinda ane dakSiNa hindanA saMvatsara vacce kAmamAM ApaNuM hiMdI ItihAsanA Alekhana sAthe koI saMbaMdha kama 10 varSa ane vadhAremAM vadhAre ra9 varSane ja phera te na ja kahI zakAya. chatAM ADakataruM sUcana karavAnI paDI zake. vastusthiti A pramANe banavA pAmI hatI pharaja paDI che te eTalA mATe ke, kudaratane kAyadA ke nahIM te nizcayapUrvaka kahevAne ApaNI pAse kaI (saMbhavAmi yuge yuge vALA) kevI rIte ekadhAro sarvatra sAdhana ke purAvA nathI. eTale te prasaMga paNa kaI vyApakapaNe pravarte che tenI khAtrI thaI jAya, tathA hAlanI . rAkanI pravRtti AdaryA vinA ja sarI javA dIdhuM haze pAzcAtya keLavaNI prAsAdita prajA A siddhAMtamAnavAne ema samajavuM rahe che. paraMtu eka prazna uddabhave che ke, acakAya che temane kAMIka aMze jJAna thAya. tema ja je "zakazAlivAhana" je zabda tyAre vaparAzamAM zI prajAnuM zAsana vartamAnakALe hiMda upara cAlI rahyuM che rIte Avyo haze? hAla te bIjuM kAraNa samajAtuM temanA jIvanane te banAva sAthe kAMIka saMbaMdha hovAthI, nathI. paraMtu zakAri vikramAdityamAM jema zakAri zabda temane ane ApaNane temAMthI kAMIka zIkhavAnuM maLe eka birUdarUpe vaparAya che tema, zaka zAlivAhana teTale darajaje upakAraka gaNAya; A hetuthI AvI paDela eTale, zaka prajAne-leccha prajAne-vidhAravAmAM je prasaMgane vyartha javA na deve joIe ema samajI A zAlivAhane uttama bhAga bhajavyo che te, zakazAlivAhana; viSaya hAtha dharyo che. matalaba ke zaka zabda te vizeSaNarupe joDavAmAM Avyo A samaye I. sa. pU. 4 mAM 17 yuropamAM eka hoya; athavA rAjA zAlivAhane karelI-meLavelI aneka mahAna vyakitano janma thayo hato, jemanuM nAma prAdezika chatamAM, A siMhaladIpavALA vijayane prathama atyAre jagamazahara banI rahyuM che te vyakti naMbare mUkAya (crowning success) tema te jarUra anya koI nahi paNa mahAtmA jIsasa krAIsTa kahI zakAze ja. eTale jema adabhunuM kArya karanAra pote temanA jIvanakALamAM je prasaMge pAchaLathI vize uktimAM kahevAya che ke, "teno te zakko vAge banavA pAmyA hatA temAM te vakhatanI rUDhIcusta che tema, A zabda zAlivAhananA nAma sAthe uparokta prajAnA hAthe, tema ja te dharmanA kahevAtA baMDakhAMnA "zako-zaka-zAka" jevo bhAvArtha sUcavatA yakta karI haratetemanA zIre duHkhanA je DuMgaro khaDakAye dIdho hoya ke kema? te sthiti eka vakhata vicAra mAMgI gayA hatA, te sarvemAMthI khAmozIthI dukha sahana le che. vizeSa vicAraNA naM. 23nA vRttAte ApIzuM. karatAM karatAM, kevI rIte temaNe prajAkalyANArthe zaka zAlivAhana-A be zabdanuM kema joDANa thayuM tene pitAnA jIvananuM balidAna paNa ApyuM hatuM te sarva tAga jeke alapi nizcitapaNe maLatuM nathI, paraMtu vRttAMta Adhunika samaye, je je mANase lakhIvAMcI vikrama saMvatanI mAphaka teno pracAra paNa prajAe ja jANe che temane te suvidita che ja. eTale vizeSa karyo che teTaluM cokkasa che ane tethI ja vikama varNana na karatAM mAtra aMgulI nirdeza ja karIne jaNAsaMvata karatAM tenI uttamatAmAM kaI nyUnatA AvI vavAnuM ke te mahAtmAne dehatsarga thayA pachI temane je jatI nathI. prajAe pIDana karyuM hatuM te ja prajAe, pite vaherI hiMdanI bhUmi upara I. sa. pU. nA aMte 25-50 lIdhela pApane bALI pitAnI vizuddhi meLavAya tathA varSa sudhI je ajoDa ane bephAma azAMti jAmI tenA prAyazcittarUpe potAnA hadayamAM te prasaMga hamezAM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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che . dvAdazama pariccheda ] rAjA hAla ane zaka zAlivAhanane saMbaMdha [ 251 jaLavAI rahI tenuM smAraka karAya tevA bevaDA hetathI, zAlivAhanane anukuLa thAya tema che te tapAsavuM rahe temane nAmane zaka pravartAvavAnuM nirmANa karI lIdhuM. che. zAlivAhana rAjA pote zaka nathI eTale naM. 3 je zakane IsavIsana tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. bAda, tema zaka rAjAe saMvatsara calAvyo nathI eTale jyAM jyAM A mahAna payagaMbaranA padakamaLamAM namana naM. 2 bAda; pote vikramAditya zakAri nathI eTale karanArI prajA vase che tyAM tyAM te pracalita ja che. A naM. 6 paNa bAda, tema naM. 5 te mAtra varSanA pramANe 50 thI 60 varSanA TUMka gALAmAM, hiMdI arthamAM ja che eTale tene paNa varSa ja rahe che. tema ja yuropI prajAnA jIvananA sadhaLA vyavahArika eTale have bAkI naM. 1 ane naM. 4 vALI ema be prasaMga upara asara upajAvatA be prasaMgo banavA sthiti ja vicAravI rahI. pAmyA hatA. te paNa kema jANe kudaratanA saMketanI kAMIka naM. 1mAM zaka saMvatsarano artha ema thAya che ke, balihArI ja na hoya ane A banne bhUminI prajAne te nAmane amuka saMvatsara gaNAya paNa tenI sthApanA keIka adazya graMthithI saMkalita karatI na hoya tevo koNe karI te sAthe tene saMbaMdha nathI; jema vikrama bhAsa karAve che. te be prasaMge -(1) hiMdamAM ane saMvatsarano sthApaka zakAri vikramAditya che IsvI saMvatano yuropamAM thayela viplava; (2) ane bane ThekANe saMbaMdha Isu bhagavAna sAthe che; tema zakasaMvatsara para pravartAya navIna saMvatsara. ekanuM nAma vikrama saMvatsara paNa tenI sthApanA koNe karI athavA to tenI sAthe ane bIjAnuM nAma IsvI saMvata. saMbaMdha keno gaNuM zakAya te adhyAhAra che. kadAca rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane saMbaMdha hoya ane na paNa hoya. zaka zAlivAhana-athavA zAke zAlivAhana ke rAjA hAla zAlivAhana zaka evA bhAvAImAM 2 paraMtu eTaluM spaSTa che ke tene pravartaka te pote nahote. jyAre naM. 4mAM te te zakano pravartaka ja pote heya - zabda vartamAnakALe vaparAta tevo artha thAya che. A bemAMthI naM. 4nI vicAraNA atra rAjA hAla ane jaNAya che te vAstavika che ke karavAno Azaya che paraMtu naM. 1 vizenI carcA naM. zaka zAlivAhanane kema ! ane hoya to te sAthe 23 nA vRttAMte karavAmAM Avaze. saMbaMdha rAjA hAlane keTale darajaje sabaMdha hoI zake, te atra vicAravAne naM. 4 pramANe zakane pravartaka zAlivAhana pite hAI mado che. pu. 4 mAM samayanI kALagaNanAnA be paricache- zake ke nahIM ! pravartananA praznanI carcA karatAM pR. 247mAM domAM khUba vistArapUrvaka lagabhaga naveka prakAranA tathA pu. 4, pR. 17 mAM jaNAvyuM che ke kaIpaNuM zaka saMvatanI carcA ApaNe karI batAvI che. temAMnA jAtane zaka pravartAvavAmAM be prakArano Azaya hAI eka zaka saMvatanI paNa che. te carcAne aMte (jIe pu. 4. zake che. rAjadvArI ane dhArmika, rAjadvArInA be pR. 98) ema cAra kADhI batAvyo hato ke tenA cha prasaMge che. ekamAM zakane harAvIne pitAnA pUrvajanI artha thaI zake che (1) jema vikrama saMvata, Isano kIrtine ujjavaLa karavAnuM (jeke A prasaMga te rAjA saMvata, tema zaka nAmane saMvata "Saka era" (2) zaka hAlanA kAkAnI kArakIrdimAM banavA pAmyo che, chatAM prajAno (AkhI zaka prajAnA) saMvata of Saka nation rANI baLazrInA zilAlekhamAM ullekha thayo hovAthI, (3) zaka rAjAe sthApela saMvataeby a Saka king teno saMbaMdha kAkAne badale bhatrijAnA rAjya banela (4) keI paNa saMvatane zaka tarIke saMbodhAya eTale gaNe teye) ane bIjAmAM gAdInuM sthAna pharIne junI an era (general term) (5) saMvata varSanA rAjadhAnIvALA pATanagarane marAmata karI navanagara arcamAM, the year in which (6) ane nAmethI vasAvyAnuM (juo.pu. 4, 5. 107). tema trIjuM vikramasaMvatanuM bIjuM nAma; A mAMthI kaye artha "ka ardha rAjadvArI, te siMhaladvIpanI caDAI ane meLa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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cUMTu ane kada upara ] merla jIta ane te ardhuM dhArmi kemake te caDAi karavAmAM dharmanuM rakSaNa karavAnuM hatuM. pu. 4 pR. 108 TI. 6ra), jyAre kevaLa dhArmika AzayavALA kAmamAM zatrujaye yAtrA karavA javAnuM, sAMcImAM dAna dIdhAnuM ate trizminI guphAmAM rahetA saMteAnA nirvAhanuM. A pramANe neAMdhavA ceAgya kAryonI saMkhyA thI sAtanIrUpe gaNAya che. tema anya noMdhAyA sivAyanAM paNa haze. chatAM temAMnuM kAe evuM mahattrakAranuM na kahI zakAya ke jene zakapravartAvavA tarIkenI kATImAM mUkI zakAya. tAtparya e ke tene peAtAne zakapravartakanA lisTamAM gaNavI zakAya tema nathI ja kAryanI vicAraNAnAM aMge A pramANe sAra nIkaLe che. chatAM samayanI dRSTie vicArIe te paNu zakasaMvatanA samaya ja che. sa. 78nA gaNAya che ane te vakhate te tene maraNu pAmyAne paNa lagabhaga 60 varSa thaI cUkayAM hatAM. matalaba ke, kAryanI dRSTie jo kAI vaNane dhAyuM zauryaatuM ke dhArmika mahatvanuM pagaluM rahI jatuM hAya tepaNa, tenA samayanI dRSTie tA te tarata najare paDayA vinA raheta ja nahIM. Ama kArya ane samaya ane muddAthI tapAsI jotAM paNu, rAjA hAlane saivata pravartaka hAvAnuM sAbita thaI zakatuM nathI. viSe kAMika vadhAre [ ekAdazama khaDa hAya ane te teNe siMhaladvadhRpanA kahevAtA mleccha zaka jevI jAtinA trAsamAMthI prajAne cheDAvI hatI tenA ramaNarUpe-hnarUpe vaparAzamAM Avye DrAya. pachI ' zaka zAlavAhana' zabda lakhAtAM lakhAtAM lAMkhe kALe tenA marmanuM vismaraNa thatAM, zaka zabdane vizeSaSNu na lakhatAM, vizeSanAma tarIke eLakhAvavAmAM AvyA hatA. i ! Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat AMdhravaMzIo sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatAM aneka nAmeA, birUda, heddA ApaNA vAMcavAmAM--zilAlekhA, sikkA ke jIvanavRttAMtemAM cUMTu ane kadaMbA AvyAM che. jevAM ke, mahArathI, viSe kAMika vadhAre mahAbhAjI, mahAkSatrapa, viSNukaDa, cU True, kadaMbe, (kAradamaka) vilivAyakurasa I. I. temAMnA keTalAkanI samajUti prasaMga AvatAM pAcha gai che, ane keTalAkanI je khAkI rahI che te pazu uparanI peThe chUTaka ApI zakAta, paraMtu - zAtavAhanavaMzImAM vAjA hAlanI kArakIrdi sarvethI zreSTha hAvAne lIdhe tenA jIvana sAthe khAsa eka be bhiAvALAnA saMbaMdha joDAyA heAvAnuM dekhAya che, eTale kAI anyasthAne tenI vicAraNA karavA karatAM A ThekANe ja karI levAya te AnuSaMgika gaNAze ema dhArI A taka hAtha dharIe chIe. tyAre zI rIte tenA nAma sAthe zaka zabda joDAyeA haze ! jema kSaharATa, caRNu ane kuzAna saMvatA te te prajAnA bhUpALAnI amuka rAjadvArI chatane aMge te cAlu karavAmAM AvyA hatA, tema 1. khAsa karIne atre cUTu ane kAdaMba saradArA saMbaMdhI ja kahevA mAMgIe chIe. AmAMnA kAba-- rAjAhAlanA kissAmAM paNa jo khanavA pAmyuM aAtaka'khane, saMtrIjI kSatriyamAMnA je 18 vibhAgeA hatA tA, uparIkta saMvatAnI peThe alpa samayamAM ja ada- temAMnA livI, malla, maurya, pallava, cAlA, pAMDayA, zya thai gayA hAta. tenuM dIrdhakAlInapaNuM ja khatAve AdinI peThe-mane paNa eka tarIke heAvAnuM ApaNe 4, pR. 108) tete kAI dhArmika pravRti pu. 1mAM udayana bhaTanA vRttAMte jaNAvyuM che. vaLI A sAthe saMbaMdha hAvA joIe (AgaLa upara naM. 23nA pustake tRtIya paricchede (juo TI. naM. 17) kadakha vRttAMta juo). badhA saMjogAne vicAra karatAM upara prajAne nAga-naMda-prajAnA eka aMza tarIke manAtuM (3. vita kAraNu daSTisamIpa najare paDe che ke jema, cakAri birUda gadabhIlavaMzI vikramAdityanuM che tema, patra zAli vAhananI sAthe joDAyala zaka zabda paNa birUda rUpe ja pU. 250mAM jaNAvyA pramANe hAla tA eka ja saMbha-AvyAnuM jaNAvAyuM che; tema A kabaprajA AMdhrapatinI sAthe lagnagraMthIthI joDAtI hAvAnuM zilAlekhathI (naM. 17) ApaNune jaNAya che. AvAM badhAM pramANethI siddha thAya che ke, mULe tenI utpatti magadhadezanA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dvAdazama pariccheda ] cUo ane kaMbo viSe kaMIka vadhAre [ 253. sabIjI kSatriyomAMthI thayelI hovI joie. paraMtu A rAjAonA tathA kaI bedhivezanA sikkAone jayAre udayana bhaTanA putra anudde temanA senApati joDI batAvyA che ane evuM nivedana karyuM che ke temanA nAgadasaka sAthe TheTha dakSiNamAM silena upara aDI samayane cokkasa nirNaya karI zakAto nathI. AmAM jaine te magadha sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhuM hatuM tyAre bedhivaMza sAthe ApaNe nisabata na hovAthI tene pAchI vaLatAM, vacce AvatA sarva pradeza upara, potAnI choDI daIzuM. cUTuvaMzIomAM dhULA (dhurukuLa) naMdakSatriyajJAtinA A badhA saradArane pRthaka pRthaka mULAnaMda e nAmo (pu. 2, sikkA naM. 49 thI 2) adhikAra ApIne saba pe niyata karI dIdhA hatA. sikkAothI tema, yU TakAnaMda A pustake (lekha ne. 25) kALakrame sthitinuM parivartana thatAM temAMnA keTalAka- ane viSNukuDacaThTha lekha naM. 24-26) zilAlekhethI lagabhaga saghaLA ja, ekI vakhate sarve nahIM, paNa jANItA thayA che. lekhavarNanamAM SaSTama paricchede bhinna bhinna vakhate, vaLI eka vakhata svataMtra banI ApaNe temane naMdavaMzIonA saMbaMdhI tarIke ane bese, tyAM bIjAne vaLI rAja amala zaurya bharele AMdhrapatio sAthe magadhamAMthI utarI AvelA gaNAvyA Ave eTale tenI zaraNAgatimAM cAlyA jAya-A che. paraMtu pu. 2, pR. 103 mAM temane sikkAvarNane pramANe rAjakAraNaraMganA aneka palaTA bhogavI rahyA sadakanakaLalAya mahArathIne tathA A cUM TukaDAnaMdI rAjAhatA. te ja pramANe A kadaMba prajAne paNa samajI eno uddabhava eka samaye thayAne jaNAvyuM che. levuM. temanA je lekha (pariccheda 6, naM. 24-26- chatAM temanuM mULa te naMdavaMzamAM samAyeluM darzAvyuM che. 27-28) ekadama prAcIna samayanA maLI Ave che game tema. paraMtu temanA sikkAnI banAvaTa, cihnonI te uparathI samajAya che ke teo prathama arabI samudranA sajAvaTa tathA AkRti ane bAhya raMgaDhaMga uparathI kinAre Avela aparAMta nAme oLakhAtA pI pradeza tarata kahI zakAya tema che, ke teo zatavahanavaMzI upara hakamata calAvatA hovA joIe, ane prasaMganI AdipurUSanI sAthe keAIne kaI prakAre joDAyelA tA prApta thatAM, pAsenA pradeza upara AkramaNa karI haze ja, vaLI temanA sikkAmAM ujainInAM cihnane pitAne sattA pradeza vistArthe jatA hatA. A pramANe abhAva hovAthI, temaja potAnA nAma sAthe "rAzo" temanI utpatti I. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI sadInI AdimAM zabda joDatA hovAthI. temanuM svataMtrapaNe paNa siddha kahevAya. paraMtu dhIme dhIme I. sa. nI pAMcamI chaThThI thAya che; chatAM je pradezamAMthI A sikkA ane lekho bAda teonI gaNanA kAMIka vadhAre sattAzALI rAjakartA maLI Ave che tene vicAra karIe chIe tyAre tarIke thavA mAMDI hatI ane je bhUlatA na hoIe to teo tana nAnA vistAranA ja svAmI hoya te, gurjarezvara selaMkI rAjA siddharAja jayasiMhanI ema jaNAya che. A sarva sthitinuM samIkaraNa karatAM mAtA mayaNalAdevI A kabavaMzI rAjAonI ja rAja- ema dekhAI Ave che ke, (1) teo zatavahanavaMzI kanyA hatI. te samaye kadabenI rAjadhAnI gekarNapura- rAjA zrImukhanI mAtAnA piyara pakSa-kelahApura, kAravAra, gAvA baMdare gaNAtI hatI. paraMtu temanI sattAne aMta dhAravADa zaheravALA-kAnArA jIllAnAM ja mULavatanI kayAre Avyo te nizcitapaNe kahevA jevI sthitimAM hovA joIe. ane naMda bIje jyAre A kAravAranI ApaNe nathI. hAla to eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke kanyA sAthe lagna karI, pite teNIne magadha tarapha laI ApaNe je samayanuM varNana karI rahyA chIe te kALe gayo haze tyAre teNInAM A sagAMo paNa sAthe teo rAjA hAla zatakaraNanA zAsanataLe khaMDiyA sAthe gayAM haze; ane magadha gayA bAda tyAMnA 25tarIke gaNAtA hatA. 30-varSanA vasavATa daramiyAna kSatriyo sAthe arasahave cUDha saradAre vize be zabdo kahIzuM. ke. parasa lagnagraMthIthI joDAyA haze. A mizraNathI je prajA . re.mAM tenA kartA Do. rasane potAnA pustakanA aMte utpanna thaI temaNe naMdavaMzanA saMbaMdha sUcaka nAme

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254] sTuo ane kaMda viSe kAMIka vadhAre : [ ekAdazama khaMDa dhAraNa karyo ane pitAnA mukhya purUSa evA zrImukhane pramANe teo khaDiyA paNa kahevAya tema svataMtra paNa magadhamAMthI jAkAre maLatAM, tenI sAthe ja pAchA kahevAya. rAjAzrImukhanA ja dharmAnuyAyI hovAthI tenA svavatane utarI AvyA (2) athavA magadhamAM jaIne jevAja sikkA cite paNa karAvI zake. A pramANe pAchA utarI AvavAne badale pitAnA vatanamAM ja sthira- sthiti hovAthI temanI utpattine samaya I. sa.pUnI vAse paDI rahyA hoya paraMtu, zrImukha paiThaNapati banIne pAMcamI sadInI aMtano kahI zakAya. kayAre teonI rAjapada bhAgavate thayo tyAre tenI ane tenA kuTuMba svataMtratA nAza pAmI athavA kayAre temane aMta AvyA sAthe te pradezano bhANeja kahevAya eTale avAranavAra tene pAke pUrAvo noMdhI zakAya tema nathI. paraMtu lekha tyAM jato to heya ja.) lagnagraMthIthI joDAvA mAMDayuM naM26thI anumAna karavAne kAraNuM maLe che ke, A hiya. bemAMthI prathamanI sthiti vadhu saMbhavita dekhAya cUTuvaMzane kadaMba rAjAoe jItI laIne temane che. A pramANe teo zatavahanavaMzanA eka rIte bhAyAta mulaka pitAnI sAthe bheLavI daI temane aMta lAvI jevA ja kahevAya. tema te samayanI gaNataMtra paddhati mUkayo haze.. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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KHKKKK ....... il, I trAdazama pariccheda zatavahana vaza (cAlu) TUMkasAra--(19) maMtalaka (20) pudrisena (21) suMdara (22) ane cakAraH-mA cAramAMthI kAInA rAjyakALe agatyanA mudde noMdhAyala jaDacA na heAvAne kAraNe temanuM ekatrIta rIte kareluM varNana~ (23) zIvasvAtiH-tenA janma devaprasAdI tarIke lekhAya che. tene lagatI jaina ane vaidika graMthAmAMnI AkhyAyikAonA Apela TUMka paricaya-te uparathI tenA rAjyakALa ane uMmaranA bAMdhela khyAla-tenA samaye zakasaMvatanI manAyala sthApanA ane te aMge judAjudA muddA upADI karela carcA-jevA ke--(a) zakapravartaka pote hoi zake ke kema tenI tarapheNu ane virUddhanI dalIleA, (A) zakapravartaka keANu ane zA mATe hAi zake tenA niyame (4) zaka saMvatanA pravartaka kayA dharmAvalaMbI samajAya che; tenA zilAlekha ane sikkA cihna uparathI upADela vivAda, tathA pravartI rahelI mAnyatAnI batAvela asaMgatatA (ka) zakapravartaka avaidika hAvA vizenA raju karela pUrAvAo (kha) zakasaMvata vAstavikapaNe vaparAzamAM AvyeA hateA ke kema (ga) tathA zakazabdanA artha kevA svarUpe levAyeche tenI ApelI samajUti (gha) te uparathI thayela anarthAnI, udAharaNa sAthe khatAvela, ceAkhavaTa (ca) thayela gerasamajUtimAMthI bahAra nIkaLavAnI batAvela cAvI (cha) aneka aitihAsika anAvAvALI ghaTanAnA ukela, satya tarIke kevI rIte thavA zakaya che. tenuM dArI Apela, rekhAMkana-I. I.

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256 ] zivasvAti tene rAjyakALa tathA AyuSya [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) ane te paNa a5 samaya mATe ja; eTale kalpI 19) maMtalaka (20) puriMdrasena zakAya che ke A. naM. ramo (21) saMdara (22) ane cakora tene rAjyakALa rAjA bahu asAdhAraNa saMyogamAM A cAra rAjAone samagra rAjyakALa ApaNe tathA AyuSya gAdI prApta karavA bhAgyazALI 17 thI 17 varSane beTho che temAMnA eka kenA thayo he joIe. anya hakIsamaye ke rAjadvArI agatyatA dharAvatA ke aiti- kata vizvAsapUrNa maLI na Ave tyAM sudhI eTaluM kahI hAsika nedha levA yogya banAva banyAnuM jaNAyuM na zakAya ke, te naM. 22 ne putra hei, tenA maraNa bAda hovAthI AgaLa vadhavAnuM ja rahe che. mAtra eTaluM gAdIne hakkadAra vArasa hate. vaLI tenA janma sAthe sAmAnya niyamane AdhAre kahIzuM ke rAja hAlanI je keTalIka AkhyAyikA saMkaLAyelI jaNAi che te pAchaLa tarata ja maMtalaka gAdIe beTho che. tathA ne. uparathI tene daivaprasAdI tarIke lekhe 5Daze. AvI 22vALA coranI pachI naM. 27vALA zIvasvAtI AkhyAyikAomAMnuM purANomAMnuM eka udAharaNa je AMdhrapati banyo che. eTale naM. 19 te naM. 18no kayAranuMye uddhata karavAmAM AvyuM che tene tathA eka putra ane ne. 23 te naM. 22 ne putra thatuM haze! bIjI AkhyAyikAne sAra A pramANe che. vaccenA naM. 20 ne 19 sAthe tathA naM. 22 ne ne. pahelAM dIpakarNi nAme vikhyAta banelo eka 21 sAthe ke naM. 19 thI 22 sudhI aMdaroaMdara zuM baLavAna rAjA thaI gaye.. saMbaMdha haze te viSe kAMI jaNAyuM nathI. temaja ana- tene svapnamAM bhagavAna zaMkare A pramANe kahyuM: mAna karavAne kAMI vigata hAtha lAgatI nathI. paraMtu te jaMgalamAM siha para beThelA eka kumArane jyAre temanA rAjyakALa ati a95 semI dhAre joIza. tene laI tuM ghera pAcho pharaje ane te tAro che, tyAre eTaluM ja anumAna derI zakAya ke, naM. putra banaze. . 20-25 vALAo bhAIo thatA haze ane naM. 21 A svapnane yAda karate rAjA saharSa banya. ne adhikAra kevaLa cha mAsa parvata nathI rahyo che koIka vakhate zikAramAM magna banIne te dUra jaMgalamAM eTale tenuM maraNa akasmAtathI thavuM hovuM joIe. cAlyA gayA, tyAM te rAjAe kharA bapore padma ane ne, 22 vALe kAM tene putra hoya; paraMtu vizeSa sarovarane tIre tejathI jhaLahaLatA eka siMhArUddha saMbhava che te paNa na. 20-21nI peThe na. 19ne bALakane joyo. te vakhate svapnane yAda karI e putra hovAnuM mAnavuM paDe che. game te sagapaNa saMbaMdha jaLa pIvA jatAM siMhane eka bANuthI mArI nAkhI temanI vacce paraspara astitva dharAvatA hoya, paraMtu bALakane te parathI utArI lIdhuM. te vakhate te siMha teo cAre kevaLa nAmadhArI nIvaDayA che ane naM. pitAnuM siMhasvarU5 tajI manuSya rUpe pragaTa thayo. raranA maraNa bAda na. 23 gAdIpati banyA cherAjAe tene ema kema banyuM te pUchatAM teNe javAba eTaluM vaMzAvaLIthI cokkasa mAnavuM rahe che. A eka . . . . (23) rIvAsvAti he rAjA huM kuberane mitra sAta nAme yajJa uparA uparI cAra rAjAonuM gAdIpati banavuM chuM. pUrve meM gaMgAmAM snAna karatI eka gaThaSikanyAne (1) teno janma devaprasAdita gaNue to AkhyAyikA (2) yugapurANanI eka AkhyAyikA kevI che te mATe varNita kanyA sAthenuM lagna tenA pitAe karyAnuM gaNavuM paDaze. ha5ramAM pR.202 thI 207 sudhInA buddhiprakAza' vaimAsikaane teNe ja te kanyA sAthe lagna karyAnuM gaNAya che, tenI pAchaLa mAMthI utArelA pAMca phakarAo juo.. gAdIe AvanAra naM. 4 janma daivAsAdita gaNave paDaze. (3) jue 20 kathAsaritasAgara,

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dazama pariccheda ] zIvAsvAti; tene rAjyakALa tathA AyuSya [ 257 nIrakhelI. te paNa mane joIne kAma vidhuLa banI. kAmathI vihavaLa banelA zeSa nAme eka kuMDavAsI meM tene gAMdharva vivAhathI mArI patnI banAvI. te nAgarAje kuMDamAMthI bahAra nIkaLIne, manuSyarUpa dhAraNa prasaMge tenA bhAIone A khabara paDatAM temaNe karIne tenI sAthe baLAtkArapUrvaka ratikrIDA karI. kodhita thaIne amane zrApa Apyo ke, "tame baMne nAgarAjanuM zarIra dhAturahita chatAM bhavitavyatAnA svecchAcArIo siMharUpa banI jAo." te munioe yoge vIryasaMcArathI te vidhavAne garbha rahyo. ne pachI te zApanI avadhI, strIne mATe putrajanma paryata ne pitAnuM nAma darzAvIne "saMkaTanA samaye mAruM smaraNuM mArA mATe tArA bApunA AghAta paryata kahI. te karaje' kahI te nAgarAja pAtALalokamAM cAlyo gayo." pachI ame siMhayugala rUpe rahevA lAgyA. te pachI eTale ke paurANikamate A hakIkata naM. 23nA janmane te garbhiNI banIne putrane janma ApattAM palaTAI ane jainamate naM. 18nA janmane lAgu paDe che. bIjI gaI. A putra meM anya siMhaNIonA dUdhathI ucheryo vastusthiti ema kahe che ke, je saMvatsara zakasaMvatane ane atyAre tArA bANathI haNAyelo huM paNa zApa nAme pracalita che ane mukhyapaNe dakSiNahiMdamAM, temAM nitata banyo chuM." A uparathI mAnavuM thAya che ke 5NuM khAsakarIne mahArASTramAM vizeSa jANItuM che tenI te zaMkara bhagavAnanuM kapApAtra che ane tethI tenuM nAma utpatti brAhmaNakuLamAM janmela rAjAthI thavA pAmI che; zIvasvAti baMdhabesatuM paNa gaNAya. jyAre jaina ane brAhmaNakuLa eTale sAmAnyarIte zIvabhakta ja graMthanA kathanamAMnuM avataraNa vAcakanI vicAraNuM te gaNAya. jethI zakasaMvatanI utpatti sAthe baMdhabesatuM mATe raju karyuM che te uparathI, te rAjA hAlane anu. jo keI nAma gaNI zakAya, te te rAjA hAlanA lakSIne hAya ema dIse che. jeno artha A pramANe karatAM rAjA zIvasvAtinuM vadhAre zakaya che. trIjI thAya che. sthiti ema che ke zakasaMvatanI Adi I. sa. 78thI "eka vakhate be videzI brAhmaNa tyAM (pratiSThAna- thayAnuM manAyuM che, eTale zAlivAhana hAlane badale puramAM) AvIne, pitAnI vidhavA bahenanI sAthe rAjA zIvAsvAtinuM maraNa, te sAlamAM TharAvAya te eka kuMbhAranI zALAmAM rahevA lAgyA. teo bhikSA sumeLa sadhAto jaNAya che.vaLI ItihAsakAroe kIrti mAgIne ane te bhikSA pitAnI bahena pAse lAvI, ujavaLa karyAne paNa gautamIputra rANI baLathI tenuM bhojana banAvIne potAnA divasa nirgamana karavA nAsika lekha ne. 7 (juo paMcama pariccheda) A lAgyA. eka divase temanI te bahena jaLa bharavAne rAjAne AzrayI hovAnuM mAnI laI, te ja hakIkta godAvarIe gaI. tyAM tenuM apratima svarUpa joIne, dhyAnamAM rAkhIne, ema TharAvyuM che ke, te samayanA 4 zIvasvAti sAthe meghasvAti zabda sarakhAvo. medha. kudatA eaa maLechu sAM tacoviMkayo rathanA cArarAya svAti jema jainamatAnuyAyI vizeSa saMbhave che tema zIvasvAti jorAvara jaa | tA: havaNaHHpratie niSNa kannarabhale vaidika matAnuyAyI vicArAya, chatAM zIvakalyANa, mekSa paravazowtavArI zeSo nAma nAnAno tevA arthamAM jaina dharmamAM te vaparAyaluM joyuM che jethI vidita manughaaytathA saha kArari mohazIvasvAti jainasaMpradAyanuM nAma hovAnuM paNa kahI zakAze. makalayat / bhavitavyatAbilaSitena tasyAH saptadhAtu rhi5. je asala kathana caturvizati prabaMdhamAM A tasyApi tasya divyazacyA zukapudgala saJcArada grbhaadhaanmpramANe che - bhavat / svanAmadheyaM prakAzya * vyasanasaGkaTe mAM smare. tatra caikadA dvau vaidezika dvijo samAgatya vidhavayA rityabhidhAya ca nAgarAjaH pAtAlalokagamat / kA arthAt unmAdAraya rANAyAM tacivaNo ! (6) juo, ja. . . ra. e. se. navI AvRtti uM viSAya jAnU apdanIya satAyana samathA pu. 3, mi. baoNne lekha)

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zakapravartana vize tyAre zu? 258 ] AMdhrapatie zakaprajAne harAvI, rAjapATa je ceDA samaya mATe anyasthaLe khaseDavuM paDayuM hatuM te pAchuM asalanI jagyAe ApyuM hatuM; eka vakhate pheravavuM paDyuM, ane pAchuM te sthAne lAvyA, te benI vacce je kALa pasAra thaI gayA te daramiyAna, tenI adhipati- zakaprajAe temAM aneka navAjunI karI nAMkhI hatI, jenI marAmata karavI jarUrI hatI. tethI je navuM svarUpa te nabare pachIthI dhAraNa karyuM hatuM tenuM nAma navanagara kahevAyuM. jo ke kharA vijaya tA zakaprajA upara keTalAya vakhata upara meLavI cUkAyA hatA, paraMtu nagaranI durastI karAvatAM cAra pAMca varSane gALeA paDayA heAvAthI, jyAre gAdInI punaHsthApanA navanagare--jene temaNe paiThaNunuM khIjAM nAma apAyAnI kalpanA ubhI karI che) karAi tyAre I. 78nA samaya hateA. te uparathI tenA smAraka tarIke te sAla pasaMda karavAmAM AvI che. A prasaMga sAthe ane A pramANe, zakasaMvatanI utpattinA saMbaMdha joDI kaDhAyA haya ema vidvAnoe lekhyuM che. AvA bhinna bhinna prasaMgo zakasaMvatanI utpatti sAthe saMyukta thayela heAvAthI, mULa AkhyAyikAene ekane badale ane rAjAe! (hAla tathA zIvasvAti) sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI ame gaNI lIdhI che. saMzAdhana thatAM thatAM AkharIye je kare te kharUM. A rIte zIvasvAtinA janmane paNu devaprasAdita gaNatAM, tenuM AyuSya nAnI umaranuM ayeAgya lekhAze. tethI purANika graMthamAM tene rAjyakALa nAnA lakhela hAvA chatAM, 43 varSa jeTale dI` samayI banAvI teneA aMta I. sa. 78mAM laI javA amane sahIsalAmata lAgyA che. AkhyAyikA uparathI sAmAnya mata evA baMdhAya che, ke te bahu nAnI umare gAdIe AvyA che. paraMtu tera cAda varSInI je IyattA te samaye rAjadhurA graha karavAnI manAtI hatI. te umare tene rAjyAbhiSeka thaye| hAvAnuM mAnI levAya ! tenuM maraNa lagabhaga 60 varSanI umare thayuM gaNavuM paDe che ane sa` saMyeAgeAmAM te vAjakhI paNu lekhAze. (7) pu. 4, pR. 95: tathA ja. be, tre. ro, e, se. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama kha'Da uparanA paricchede ema sASita karavAmAM AvyuM che ke 'zakazAlivAhana'nA zabdaprayAgane zakasaMvatsaranI sthApanA sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. kemake bannene samaya ja nu che. tema bIjI bAju ema siddha karavAmAM AvyuM che ke, I. sa. 78 ke jyAre zakasaMvatsaranI Adi thayela mAnavAmAM Ave che, te samaye je rAjA AMdhrasAmrAjyane vidhAtA hatA teNe, jyAM sudhI itihAsa sAkSI pUre che tyAM sudhI kAi paNa zaka-saMvatanA pravartanamAM jarUrI gaNAtAM e mukhya udbhava kAraNeA-rAjadvArI ke dhArmika dRSTirUpamAMnuM eka, prAdezika vijaya meLavyAnuM ke dhArmika kSetre mahatvanuM kArya karI khatAvyAnuM jaNAyuM nathI, jo ke sAthe sAthe ema paNa kahevAyuM che ke,7 'yudhiSThiro, vizrama, zAjivAnI taNo tRSaH sthADhinacAminaMna:| tatagnarguna mUtiH jo dIvase zArA: zvetA // kaliyugamAM, yudhiSThira, vikrama, zAlivAhana thaze; te khAda vijayA bhinaMdana rAjA thaze, pachI nAgArjuna ane chaThTho kalkI. A chae zaka athavA saMvatanA pravartA gaNAze." eTale prazna upasthita thAya che ke, zuM A parApUrvathI cAlyuM AvatuM kathana barAbara nahIM hAya ! vAraMvAra ApaNe kahetA AvyA chIe ke, jyAre jyAre pUrvA cArTsanuM kathana vartamAnakALanI mAnyatA sAthe meLa khAtuM na dekhAya tyAre tyAre temane ekadama ajJAna TherAvavA karatAM, ApaNI matinI jADacatAne aMge A lekhanamAM temanuM dRSTibiMdu samajAtuM nathI, e vizeSa saMbhavita gaNavuM. A niyama AdhAre A kissAmAM paNa kAM tema navA pAmyuM nahIM hAya ? jo zAlivAhananA saMbaMdha barAbara joDI zakAtA na hoya tA, je purUSane ApaNe zAlivAhana TharAvIe chIe tene badale anya vyakti ja te hAya, athavA je sthAne anukramamAM tene ApaNe mUkayA che tyAMthI tene khaseDIne I. sa. 78 nI sAlamAM te Ave tema gAThavavA joie. A banne zakapravartana vize tyAre zuM ? 3. 10, 4, 127 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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yAdazama pariccheda 1 sthitinA vikalpo ApaNe vicArI joie. purANakArAe kavizuNAyanA samakAlIna tarIke athavA tenA AzrayadAtA tarIke jene kuMtala urphe zAlivAhana gaNAvyA che. tene ja ApaNe paNa zAlivAhana gaNAvyA che. vaLI temAM Apela ane oLakhAvela tenA khIjAM sagAM saMbaMdhIne ApaNe paNa te ja nAmathI eLakhatA thayA chIe. eTale sarvenAM nAma-ThAma, tathA arasaparasanAM sagapaNa saMbaMdha maLI rahetAM jaNAya che; jethI koI anya vyakti tarIke tene gaNI levAmAM AvyA hAya te prakAranI bhUla tA thatI nathI dekhAtI. have tene samaya I. sa. pU. 47 thI I. sa. 18 je harAvyA che tene badale tenA rAjyanA AraMbha ke aMta I. sa. 78 mAM thayA saMbhave che ke kema te prazna vicArIe sAmAnya rIte zakanI sthApanA tenA pravartakanA (ne rAjA hoya tA rAjyakALanA ane dharmopadezaka DrAya to tenA jIvananA aMta samaya sAthe.ja saMkalita thayela hAya che. eTale te niyamane anusarIne jo rAjAzAlivAhananA rAjyanA aMta I. sa. 78 mAM AvyA hAya te tenuM rAjya 65 varSa paryaMta cAlyuM hoya tA, tenuM gAdIe esavuM I. sa. 10nI AsapAsamAM mAnavuM raheze. ane tema baMdha besatuM karavA mATe, je jainAcAryA, AryakhapuTa, pAdaliptasUri tathA maMtrAdi siddhinA praNetA paMDita nArgAjIOna ane zakAri vikramAditya temanA samakAlIna tarIke sAhityagraMthAmAM manAyA che, te sarvane mRtyu bAda phrIne navI jI MgI dhAraNa dharatA banAvavA paDaze. jema banavuM azakaya che, I. sa. 78mAM rAjyanA aMtane badale tenuM rAjyA rAhaNu gaNIe te tenuM maraNu 78+6pa=I. sa. 143 mAM thaze. tema thatAM tA, uparamAM je anAAnI azakayatA darzAvI che te vizeSata: azakaya banI jaze. matalakha ke samayanI gaNatrIe je sthAne ApaNe zAlivAhanane sthApyA che tyAMthI AdhApAchA karavAthI paNa tene zaka saMvatanI sthApanA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA anAvI zakAtA nathI. zakapravartana vize tyAre zu? [ 259 upara varNavelI eka prakAranI samasyAnI vicAraNAthI, jema zAlivAhanane padacyuta karI zakAtA nathI tema anya rIte pazu te ja sthitine vaLagI rahevAnuM sAbita karI zakAya che. rANI khaLazrInA zilAlekhathI tenA putrane gaiAtamIputra ane pAtrane vAsiSThIputra tarIke oLakhAvAyA che. sAmAnya niyama evA gaNAya ke putra pachI pAtra ja gAdIe Ave che, chatAM na banavAnuM paNa khatI jAya che. (jema naM. 2 AMdhrapati pachI tenA putra na besatAM tenA kAkAnA rAjya amala vacce cAlI gayA che). eTale te sthiti paNa ApaNA lakSa bahAra javI na joie. matalaba ke baLazrInA putra ane pAtro vacce keAI tRtIya vyakti rAjapati tarIke AvyA che ke nahIM te sthiti paNa vicAravI joie. paraMtu ahIM te zilAlekhanI hakIkatathI ja spaSTa thAya che, ke tenA putra pachI tene pAtraja, kAMI aMtara paDaSA vinA athavA saLaMga anukrame gAdIe kheThA che. tethI rANI khaLazrIe potAnA putrane zaka prajAnuM nikaMdana kADhI "zAtavAhananI kArtine ujvaLa karanAra" tarIke manAnyeA che. tema purANakAre paNa prajAnI sAthe yuddhamAM utarIne mArI nAMkhanAra zAta rAjAnuM mRtyu, zakAri vikramAditye kSakane harAvyA bAda daza varSe thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che (pu. 4, pR. 20). A saM hakIkata uparathI rANI khaLazrInA putra ke jeNe zaka prajAnuM nikaMdana kADhI nAkhyuM te jenuM maraNu I. sa. pU. 57 (zakArinI jItanA samaya) khAda daza varSe nAMdhAyuM che te zAta rAjAne ja zAtavAhananI kIrtine ujavaLa karanAra ane zakAra vikramAdityanA sahAyaka tarIke lekhavA rahe che. ane tene tema gaNI, tenI pAchaLa gAdIe AvanAranekhaLazrInA pAtrane I. sa. pU. 47 thI zarU karI 65 varSInuM rAjya bhAgavI i. sa.18mAM maraNa pAmate lekhavA rahe che. jo Ama thAya tA ja jaina sAhityagra thAmAM sUcavelA, AryakhapuTa, pAdaliptAdinA sarva prasaMgeAnA samayAnukrama sacavAI jAya che. jema zilAlekhanA (8) vizeSa zilAlekhI purAvA mATe na'. 18nA vRttAMtamAM dhArmIika pravRtti ane dharmanI samantativALA pArigrApha juo,

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260 ] zaka>>vartana vize tyAre zuM ? [ ekAdazama khaMDa purAvAothI A hakIkatone maLatA AvavuM paDyuM te na ja banI zakayuM hoya ke, bhaviSyamAM amuka prasaMga puravAra thAya che. tema naM. 17 ane 10nA sikkAo banI Avaze tyAre A prakAre Ama karavuM che mATe uparathI paNa temane zakAri vikramAdityanA dhamabaMdhu- atyArathI ja rAjA nahapAnA sikkA ekaThA karIne eka ja dharmanA-sahadhama tarIke temaja avaMtipatio saMgrahI rAkhI muke ? eTale ke sikkAnA samaya sAthe saMbaMdhamAM AvyA hovAnuM sAbita thaI zake che. paratvene vicAra karatAM paNa ApaNe ALekhelahakIkatane A pramANe eka tarehanA nahIM paNa aneka prakAranA pheravavAnuM azakaya che. prasaMgothI-je kAI itihAsamAM jaNAya che te laIne evI rIta-jema sikkAnA samayanI gaNatrI tapAsI juo te paNa tene te ja pariNAma AvI tapAsI joI, tema sikkAcitra tapAsatAM paNa tene rahe che. te ja pariNAma Ave che. naM. 17 vALA gautamIputra - trIjI rIte tapAsIe-nahapAnA sikkA upara zAtakaraNanA temaja naM. 18vALA vAsiSThIputra zAtagautamIputranuM mahoruM pADavAmAM AvyuM che. nahapANanuM karaNinA sikkAomAM je cihno ketarAyAM che te maraNa I. sa. pU. 74mAM siddha thayuM che. jyAre spaSTa rIte jainamatanAM cihno che. ane rANI baLazrInA autamIputra zAtakaraNi rANabaLathInA putrane athavA A putra tathA pautranA zilAlekhamAM je dAna vagere zakane, kSaharATa prajAno(ke je prajAmAM nahapANanI gaNanA apAyAM che te paNa te ja dharmane prabhAva sUcavatI thaI che) satyAnAzavALI pitAne sAtavAhana vaMzanI vastuo che. tema nahapANu kSaharATa ane rUSabhadatta kItine niSkalaMkI banAvanArane, samaya I. sa. pU. zake je yuddho nAsika prAMtamAM A zAtavAhanA 02thI 47 (jAo 11muM 5riccheda) TharAvyo che. vaMzIo sAthe khelyAM che, temanA dharma, ane zilAlekhamAM eTale ke A be banAva vacce bahamAM baha AlekhAyelI hakIkatathI spaSTa thaI jAya che ke teo 27 varSanuM ane ochAmAM ochuM be varSanuM aMtara 5NuM te ja dharmanA anuyAyIo hatA. zAtakaraNinA che. eka rAjAnA sikkA calaNamAMthI hajI adazya jIvana prasaMganI vAstavikatA paNa sikakAo, zilAlekha thayA na hoya tyAM ja te savane ekatrita karI tathA graMthasAhityanA purAvAothI te ja dharmanA hovAnI TaMkazALamAM tenA upara bIjI chApa pADI lIdhI samajI sAbita thaI jAya che. A pramANe cAre bAjuethI, zakAya che. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, eka prakAranA game te prakAranA purAvA laIne, kATIe caDAvI sikkA upara ja bIjA prakAranI chApa pADavI hoya te, juo paraMtu ekane eka ja chevaTa AvIne ubhuM rahe che. te jeTalAmAM pracalita hoya teTalAmAM ja karI levuM eTale nizcayapUrvaka-jarApaNa zaMkArahita-mAnavuM paDe che satara che. paraMtu je I. sa. 78mAM zakapravartaka ke je nirNaye upara ApaNe AvyA chIe te zAlivAhanane maraNa pAmelo gaNAya, te tene rAjyA. satya ja che. bhiSeka I. sa. 13mAM ane tenA purogAmIne i. sa. A pramANe samayanI gaNatrIone, anukramanI pU. 12mAM thayuM hovAnuM gaNu raheze. ane te samaye gaNatrIone, ke atihAsika prasaMgo je banyAnuM nakaLI nahapANane to marI gayA paNa lagabhaga 60 thI 65 Ave che te sarvanI gaNatrIone, jana tathA vaidika varSa thayAM kahevAya. te teTalA samayanA aMtare tenA sAhityagraMthomAM varNavAyelI hakIkata sAthe baMdha sikkAo ne vINIvINIne ekatrita karavA ne pachI besato meLa sadhAI jAya che. chatAM vAda karavAnI tenA upara chApa pADavI zakaya che kharI? vaLI evuM khAtara eka be madA je tadane azakya che tenI (9) vartamAnakALe ApaNe anubhava e thAya che ke, eka aMta sudhI bahumAM bahu te cAle che. te bAda tene samayanA sikkA tenI pachI gAdIe AvanAranA rAjyanA rAjahukamathI ja pAchA kheMcI levAmAM Ave che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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trayodazama pariccheda ] tyAre zakavartaka keNu ane zA mATe? [ 261 carcA paNa karI laIe ke jethI avanavA vicAra I. I. ne paNa vaidika ja lekhavA rahezejyAre karavAne sthAna rahe nahIM. ApaNane suvidita che ke teonA ja zilAlekhamAM kotarAyelA zabdo ane prAcIna samayanA graMthamAM-phate jaina, vaidika ke hakIkatane laine te temane avaidika kahevA paDe che. bauddhasaMpradAyanA -je pramANe varNana karAyAM che. A pramANe zilAlekhanI ane sikkAI hakIkatane te evAM che tevAM ne tevAM svIkArI levA gya te paraspara virUddha janArI TharAvavAthI aneka muzkelIo nathI ja, ne tethI ja saMzodhananA kAryamAM muzkelIo ubhI thavA pAmaze. te tevI aka muzkelIono ubhI thayA kare che. e ja pramANe jainasAhityagraMthamAM paripAka nipajAvavA karatAM, je azakyatA mAnI A zAlivAhana rAjA saMbaMdhI je kathAnake lakhAyAM levAthI te badhuM banavA pAme che tene ja kAM, paDatI na che tene kevaLa vAcanArtha ja karAya te e vani mukIe ? eTale ke je cihanene ApaNe jainadharmanAM nIkaLe che ke, zAlivAhana rAjA ane kuMtala bane hovAnuM manAvyuM che-sAbita karyuM che-ne te ja pramANe bhinna vyakti che, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa zAlivAhananI che tene temaja rahevA daIne AgaLa vadhavuM. A pramANe pachI ja kuMtala thayo che tyAre purANakAronI mAnyatA azakaya vastusthitinA vivAdanuM pariNAma samajI levuM. pramANe ( juo pR. 27 mAM pAchuTara sAheba AkhIye carcAne sAra e thayo ke zaka saMvatanI zodhita vaMzAvaLI) kuMtalanuM sthAna zAlivAhananI pUrve Adi I. sa. 78 mAM jema manAI che. temaja che. ane jyAM matabhinnatA hoya tyAM emane ema to gaNavAmAM Ave che te sAthe ne. 18 vALA zAlisvIkAra na ja karI levAya. temaja kuMtalane zAli- vAhana hAla rAjAne kaI rIte saMbaMdha nathI, parantu vAhananI pAchaLa levA jatAM tenA samakAlika tathA zakya che ke, tenI pachI AvanAra koI rAjAeAzrita evA kaviguNADhayanuM sthAne pheravavuM paDaze. kadAca naM. 23 mAM e-te calAvyo hoya ke tenI jyAM ekanuM sthAna cUta karAya tyAM bIjI paNa aneka prajAe tenA keI mahAkAryanI yAdagIrI jALavavA asaMgatatA ubhI thAya. eTale pariNAma e Ave ke calAvyo hoya. dharamULathI sarva paristhitino vicAra karavo ja paDe. uparamAM ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke, AkhyAtene badale te azakayatAne vicAra karavAnuM mAMDI ja yikAnI phuIe rAjA hAla ane rAjA zivasvAtInA vALavuM te bahetara thaI paDaze. bIjI azakayatA je janma sAthe daivI saMgo joDAvivAda khAtara vicAratI rahe che te e ke, sikkA- tyAre pravartaka elA che. eTale te bemAMthI cihno jenAmatanAM hevAnuM je lekhavyuM che ane je keNu ane ekane zaka saMvatanA uddabhava sAthe uparathI aneka anumAne tAravIne paraspara maLatAM zAmATe? saMbaMdha hoI zake. paraMtu rAjA batAvAyAM che tene badale tene ja vaidika matanA gaNI hAla vize aneka prakAre vicAra levAya te kema? prathama te vidvAnone beTA pADayA karI jotAM, kaI rIte tene saMbaMdha saMbhavita banAvI kahevAze; chatAM saMzodhanano viSaya ja evo che ke, zakAto nathI ja. eTale have vicAra karavo rahyo kevaLa eka vakhata nizcita thayelI vastu, vizeSa sabaLa naM. 23 vALA zivasvAtInA janmane. daivI saMgamAM AdhArapUrvaka sAmagrIne AviskAra thatAM, pheravAI janma tha te bhAvI kArakIrtinuM pratika te che ja jAya che tema A sikkAcihna saMbaMdhe vidvAnanuM maMtavya paraMtu jyAM sudhI tevo banAva kharekhara banyAnuM noMdhAyuM paNa pheravavAne vAMdho hoI na ja zake. paraMtu te mATe na hoya, ke tema banyuM hovAnI zodha sAMpaDe nahI, AdhAra ke dalIla te joIe ja ne ? vaLI zAta- tyAM sudhI kevaLa janma vizenI AkhyAyikA upara ja vahana vaMzI sikkAonAM cihnone vaidika TharAvAya to madAra bAMdhIne saMtoSa pakaDI rakhAya nahIM. banAva be te cihurnenA AdhAre nahapAne, cakaNune, rAjIvulane prakAranA hoI zake che. rAjadvArI ane dhArmika athavA

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dara ] zasaMvata pravartaka kayA dharmane anuyAyI? [ ekAdazama khaMDa sAmAjIka mizrita dhArmika vidvAnoe rAjadvArI najare rahetuM hoya chatAM, jayAre sarva vidvAna ane graMthakAze A prasaMgane vicArI laI, pR. 207 mAM jaNAvyA zaka saMvatanI sthApanA I. sa. 78mAM rAjA hAla pramANe paiThaNa-navanagaranI sthApanAne zakapravartakanA zAlivAhananA haste-samayathI thayAnuM bulaMda avAje nimittabhUta mAnyo hato. paraMtu te kevaLa kalpanA ja bapokAra jAhera kare che tyAre tenI avagaNanA che te ApaNe tevA anumAnanA janmadAtA zilAlekha karavI te eka dhRSTatA ja lekhAya; vikramasaMvatsara naM. 14 mAM vaparAyelA zabdone anuvAda karavAmAM para jema aghapi phelAI rahelI aneka mAnyatAnoje rIte bhUla thavA pAmI che tenuM spaSTIkaraNa karatAM jevI ke tenA kartAnA samaya vize temaja eka vakhata samajAvyuM che. eTale zakapravartananA kAraNamAMthI rAja sthApana thayA pachI kema aTakI gayA hatA ane vaLI kAraNanA prasaMgane dUra rAkhavo paDe che. pachI vicA. lAMbe kALe sajIvana thayo hato. I. I. sarva-ukela ra rahyo dhArmika prasaMga. jyAM sudhI mAhitI maLe jaina pramANenI madadathI ANI zakAya che, tema A che tyAM sudhI te eka ja prasaMga noMdhAyo che ke jene zaka saMvatasara saMbaMdhamAM 5NuM tenA pramANethI yaza saMbaMdha joDI zakAya; ane te prasaMga brAhmaNothI karAtA meLavI zakAze evI umeda ame sevI rahyA hatA paraMtu yamAM siMhaladvIpanA bleccha taraphathI naMkhAtI muske- temAM phAvyA nathI teTale darajaje dilagIrI darzAvavI lIonA nivAraNarUpe zaMkara bhagavAnanI prasAdIrUpa jene rahe che. anya vidvAne have A bAbatamAM vizeSa janma thayo hato ane jeNe siMhaladvIpa chAtI prakAza pADe eTalI abhyarthanA sAthe viramIzuM. laI tyAMnA ke vacce AvatA pradezamAMnA mlecchane zaka saMvatsaranA pravartaka vize ke tenA samaya vize saMhAra vALI nAMkhyA hatA te prasaMga che. have je te banAve che ke ApaNe pAke tAga lAvI nathI zakayI paranuM A naM. 23 vALA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvate gaNIe te eTaluM cokakasa che ke, teno te bAda prA pitAne dharma vidhAna sukharUpa karI zakasaMvata pravartaka upayoga vartamAnakALe uttara zakatA thayA manAya. A pramANe vastusthiti hovAne kayA dharmane hiMdamAM temaja dakSiNahindamAM meLa utArAya teja naM. 23 vALAne dhArmika trAsa anuyAyI ? thato najare paDe che, dakSiNuhiMda nivAraNanA smaraNArthe saMvatsaranA pravartaka tarIke lekhI karatAM uttarahiMdane vistAra zakAya; jo ke A banAva te, rAjA hAlanA jIvana mATe che chatAM zakane vaparAza dakSihindamAM vadhAre sAthe saMkalita che ema ApaNe pUravAra karI batAvyuM che ema kahI zakAze. vaLI e mAnyatA evI sajajaDa che kemake temAM kuMtalanuM nAma spaSTa che, vaLI kuMtalanA mULa karI besI rahI che ke, uttarahindamAM je samakAlIna tarIke guNADhayane lekhAvyo che ema aneka kazAnavaMzI ke anya paradezIoe AvIne saMvatsara AnuSaMgika purAvAthI niradhAra karI zakAya che temaja calAvyo hato tenI Adi paNa I. sa. 78 mAM ja rAjA kuMtala te hAla zAlivAhananuM bIjuM nAma che thaI hatI ane teone prajAnA aMza tarIke te nakkI che. eTale sarva varNana naM. 23 karatAM na. oLakhAvI temanAM saMvatane paNa zakasaMvatanA nAmathI 18 vALA rAjA hAlane ja vadhAre lAgu paDe che. oLakhAvyo hato. eTale phAve to uttara hindane ke eka ja prasaMga kAMI be vyaktine lAgu paDato na ja dakSiNa hindane game tyAMne uddabhavela zakasaMvata hoya, banAvI zakAya. AmAM kharuM zuM che te vizeSa maMthana te paNa-barbhe baMne ekaja saMvata che eTale tenI Adi ane saMzodhana mAgI le che tyAM sudhI te ApaNe I. sa. 78 mAM ja thayela che. ane A pramANe gaNI, zakapUravAra karI rahela bInAne ja satya tarIke svIkArI saMvatano pracAra sArAye bhAratavarSamAM vizeSa pramANamAM levI he che. eka vakhate thaI rahyo hate ema jaNAvyuM rakhAyuM ApaNuM maMtavya bhale eka prakAre sAbita thaI che, paraMtu ApaNe sAbita karI karI gayA chIe ke Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tradazama pariccheda 3 zakasaMvata pravartaka kayA dharmane anuyAyI? [ ra3 (- juo pu. 4, kuzanavaMzanA vRttAMta) A paradezI utpattine brAhmaNadharma sAthe joDI devAtI hoya te prajAnA saMvatanI Adi I. sa. 103 mAM eTale ke, te anyAya karanArI kahevAze. kemake prAcInakALe dakSiNahiMdanA saMvata karatAM 25 varSa moDI thaI che, vartamAna samayanI peThe dharmAvalaMbananA keI vADA paDI jethI te baMne saMvatane taddana niranirALA ja mAnavA gayA hatA ke amuka dharmanuM ja zaraNa amuke svIkAravuM, rahe che ane tema chatAM prAcIna samaye ke atyAre A hakIkata dareka pustakamAM ane temAM khAsa karIne uttarahindamAM pracalita zakasaMvatane mAnanArA. bhale pu. 1 ane 2 mAM anekavAra spaSTapaNe ane purAvA kSetraphaLa ane saMkhyAnI draSTie dakSiNadezamAMnA zakane sAthe puravAra thatI ApaNe nihALI che. eTale kevaLa mAnanArA karatAM vizeSa pramANamAM hovAnuM manAyA bAhmaNa kanyAnA peTe janma dhAraNa karela hovAnA kare, chatAM jene khare zakasaMvatsara kahevAya che tenA kAraNe ja tenA sthApaka vaidikadharmAnuyAyI hatA ema anuyAyIo te dakSiNahindamAM ja vadhAre maLI Ave nizcayapUrvaka TharAvI zakAya nahIM. bIjI hakIkata e che e vAta nakakI samajavI. alabatta, prAcIna samaye nIkaLe che ke, A zakanA sthApaka rAjAe, yajJa karatA kharA zakasaMvatane mAnanArA uttarahindamAM nahIM hoya- brAhmaNane je abhaya padArthonA ane aspRzya hADaathavA nahIM hatA ema kahIe to paNa cAlaze-chatAM mAMsAdi vastuonA prekSapana karI asuro tathA. vartamAnakALe tyAM vaselI je saMkhyA te zaka vAparatI dAnavo trAsa ApI rahyA hatA temAMthI mukti apAvI. mAlama paDe che te. dakSiNa hindanI prajAnA saMparkamAM hatI; tethI tene vaidikamatane uddhAraka jarUra kahI, AvyAnA pariNAmarUpe samajavuM raheze. kharI vAta zakAze. joke A kathana vaidikagrathanuM-purANonuM che, che ke saMyukta prAMtamAM, ane temAMye audha ane jyAre jenagraMthomAM tevI ke hakIkata nathI ja eTale alhAbAda, kAzI, banArasavALA pradezamAM teno vaparAza ekadama mAnI levA karatAM, tenA upara vicAra karavAnuM uttarahindanA anya prAMta karatAM vizeSa dekhAya che mAMgI le che. chatAM tene mahatvapUrNa lekhIe te palsa paranta te saMskRta bhASAnAM ane te anvaye paMDitonAM e sAme ema dalIla lAvI zakAya che. pitAnI prajAne mULa dhAma gaNAtAM sthAnone AbhArI che. A prakAranA keI paNa prakAranA upadravamAMthI bacAvI levI te te sAMpakika ane vidyAviSayI tane lIdhe uttara- dareka rAjavIne dharma che. pote kaye dharma pALe che te hindamAM zakasaMvatane praveza thavA pAmyo gaNAze. vastu sAthe tene saMbaMdha hoya yA na paNa hoya. joke, bAkI to tenuM janmasthAna dakSiNahinda ja che ne te vaidikadhama nahote e, spaSTapaNe puravAra karate. tethI ja tyAM tenA vAparanArA vizeSa pramANamAM maLI ApaNI pAse majabUta purAvo na hoya tyAMsudhI, upara AvatA jaNAya che ema kahevuM paDe che. batAveluM dRSTAMta te pote vaidakI dharmanuyAyI hevAnuM eka bIjI eka mAnyatA evI prasarI rahela che ke, kAraNu lekhI zakAya che. AvA bhatpAdaka athavA te saMvatsara mukhyapaNe vaidikamatavALA ja-eTale ke saMdigdha ane graMthastha pUrAvA karatAM vizeSa vizvasabrAhmaNo ja vApare che kemake tenI utpatti te dharmanA nIya evA zilAlekhI ke sikkAI pramANe kahe che anuyAyIone ja AbhArI che. A mAnyatA satya te paNa ApaNe tapAsI laIe. je aneka silA, che ke kema te paNa ApaNe tapAsI laIe. tenI De. resane potAnA pustakamAM utAryA che te salabarA utpatti, phAve to rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane aMge ke ApaNe paMcama ane SaSama paricchede avatarita karyA che. rAjA zivasvAtine aMge thaI hoya, paraMtu eTale temAMthI to ulaTuM ema pratipAdita thAya che ke, A satya che ke te baMnenA janma sAthe joDAyelI AkhyA. satavahanavaMzIone kuLadharma jaina hatuM. teo vaidika yiktaomAM, brAhmaNa kuTuMbanI kumArikAne nirdeza matAnuyAyI hovA vize eka paNa muddo temAMthI zabdo. Ave che ja. ATalI hakIktane lIdhe ja je tenI jAte nathI. uparAMta temanA sikkA uparanAM cinho Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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264 ] zakasaMvata avaidika havA vize anya purAvAo [ ekAdazama khaMDa paNa zilAlekhanI hakIkatane samarthana ApatAM najare sAbitIo maLI Ave che. bhinnabhinna vaMzI rAjAoe paDe che. jyAre zilAlekha ane sikkAcihano jevA je aneka zilAlekho kotarAvyA pramANika ane sajajaDa pUrAvA eka ja vastu kahI zakasaMvata avaidika che temAM chevaTe mitidarzana rahyA hoya, tyAre tenAthI uparavaTa javuM ApaNane zI hevA vize anya karAvavAnI praNAliko aMgIkAra rIte paravaDI zake? eTale sAbita thAya che ke, purAvAo karI hoya ema dekhAya che. ane zAtavAhanavaMzI rAjAone kuLadharma jaina hatA. temaNe temanI A mitidarzananI je brAhmaNa prajAne asuronA trAsathI saMrakSaNa ApyuM paddhatinA bArika nirikSaNa karavAthI te kyAM hatuM te, kAMte rAjakartAnI sAmAnya pharaja rUpe hatuM varganA kayA, vaMzanA ke kayA dharmanA haze tenI tAraathavA te graMthamAMhelI hakIkata pakSapAtanA raMgathI vaNI karI zakAya che. (pu. 4, pR. 84thI 85) A camatkArika banAvavAmAM AvI hatI ema mAnavuM rahe che. bAbatanA IsArA aneka vakhata karavAmAM AvyA che tathA eka mude khAsa lakSamAM rahe te mATe atre noMdha te AdhAre nahapANa, rUSabhadatta, aSaNa, kuzanavaMzI karavI joIe. A zAtavAhana vaMzIo mULathI te rAjAo, rAjulula Adine eka bIjAthI chuTA pADavAne jainadharmIo ja hatA, paraMtu . 7 nA rAjyakALe ApaNe zaktimAna paNa thayA chIe. te ja pramANe eka jabarajasta dharmakrAtinuM mojuM pharI vaLyuM hatuM A zAtavahanavaMzIonA zilAlekhomAM grahaNa karelI ne te sthiti keTalAMka varSo sudhI cAlu rahI hatI. mitidarzananI paddhatie jo tapAsIzuM, to tarata jaNAI vaLI temAM amuka samaye-pacIsa trIsa varSa bAda-kAI Ave che ke temaNe paNa jainadharmIoe akhatyAra nAcAryanA upadezathI parivartana thaI maLa sthiti karelI rIte ja kAma lIdhuM che. sarvee sAla, Rg, AvI gaI hatI. te naM. 23nA amala sudhI cAlu mAsa ane pakSa nirdezyA che paraMtu jema purANomAM rahI hatI. ane teNe vaidikadharma aMgIkAra karI zaka- kaliyuganA ATalA varase ke yudhiSThiranA athavA laukika saMvatanuM pravartana karI rAjadharma tarIke vaidika dharmane saMvatsaranA phalANuM varSa ema lakhAtuM najare paDe che sthApIta karyo hato. te TheTha sAtavAhana vaMzanA aMta tema A rAjAonA zilAlekhomAM eka paNa ThekANe sudhI tene te sthiti pravartI rahI hatI. amArI A lakhAyuM hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI; ane tene badale pramANenI mAnyatA hovAne lIdhe, atyAra sudhI jyAM bIjI koI judI paDatI rItie kAma lIdhuM heta te jayAM nirdeza karavAno prasaMga paDayo che tyAM tyAM paNa ApaNane anyathA vicAravA mATe eka kiraNa evuM ja jAhera karyuM che ke, A rAjavaMzanA rAjyakALe te maLata jane ? eTale anya paddhatinA abhAve, be vakhata dharmakrAMti thavA pAmI che; eka naM. 7nA ApaNe evA anumAne javAne deravAIe chIe, ke rAjyakALe ane bIjI naM. 23nA rAjyakALe; paraMtu te paddhati vAparanAra anya rAjavIo je matAvalaMbI have vizeSa adhyayanane pariNAme, temAM pheraphAra karavAnI hatA teja matavALA A adhapatio paNa hovA joIe. jarUra paDe che. dharmakAMti be vakhata nahIM paNa eka ja vaLI naM. 7 vALA zAtakaraNie dharmapalaTa vakhata thaI hatI. ane te parivartana paNa ekaMdara karyAne tathA azvamedha karyAne ullekha teNe ubhA 750-800 varSanA temanA sattAkALa daramiyAna mAtra karAvela sAMcI staMbhamAMthI jema maLI Ave che tema 25-35 varSa ja temaNe karyuM hatuM, A naM. 23 vALAe paNa je dharma parivartana karyuM upalA pArimAke rAjA zivasvAtine are kahAne hota to tema karyAnuM koI paNa jAtanuM smaraNa cinha ke tenA rAjavaMzane zilAlekha ane sikkAcinanAM jALavavAnuM pagaluM bharyuM heta evuM mAnavAne svabhApramANethI avaidika hovAnuM ApaNe jaNAvI gayA chIe. vika kAraNa e mATe rahe che ke, dharmapalaTo karanAranA vaLI bIjI rIte paNa teja hakIkatane samarthana karanArI jIvanamAM tene eka khAsa ane viziSTa prasaMga lekha Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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trayodazama pariccheda ]. zakasaMvata hate khare? [ 265 vAmAM Ave che. vaLI dharmapalaTa karanAra rAjavI kAMI thAya che ke (1) zuM tyAre zakasaMvata vAstavika rIte sAmAnya kaTino purUSa hoto nathI. te to aneka cAlyo ja nathI? (2) ke zaka zabdane arthe te rIte bahAra paDI AvatA tathA mahattvapUrNa, prabhAva asalamAM bIjI kaI rIte thatA hatA, paraMtu tene vatI ane jhaLakatI kArakIrdine varele rAjapurUSa heya pAchaLanA lekhakoe saMvata zabdanA arthamAM mAnI laI che. temAMya A te, dharmapalaTo karanAra hovA uparAMta muzkelI nIpajAvI dIdhI che? (3) ane tema hoya te eka zapravartaka rahyA. A baMne kAryo tenA jIvanane tenuM nirasana zakya che ke A traNe prazno ApaNe dhanya karanAra-sArthaka-saphaLa banAvanAra gaNAya; jethI eka pachI eka vicArIe. tenI yAdagiri koIne koI prakAre AcaraNamAM mUkayo pahelo prazna:-zakasaMvata zuM vAstavika rIte cAlyA vinA tene japa ja na maLe. chatAM jyAre temAMnuM kaI nathI? je je sAhityika temaja aitihAsika sAmagrI nAmanizAna najare paDatuM nathI tyAre vizeSa ne vizeSa amane prApta thaI zakI che tenI carcA-vivAda mAnavuM rahe che ke, teNe dharmapalaTa paNa karyo nahIM vAcaka samakSa dharavAmAM Avyo che; ne te uparathI hoya; tema vizeSa AgaLa vadhIne kahIe ke teNe zaka amArA pramANika mata te emaja thayela che ke je saMvata pravartAvyuM paNa nahIM hoya. vaLI A zaka svarUpamAM (je zAlivAhana rAjAnuM nAma joDIne) pravartana vizenuM vizeSa vivecana AgaLanA pArigrAphe tene pracalita thayela manAya che te svarUpamAM te karela che). banavA pAmyuM na ja hoya, sivAya ke naM- 17, 18nA - sAmAnya rIte, vaparAtA aneka saMvatsarAmAM zakanuM yumamAMthI naM. 18 ne rAjA zAlivAhana tarIke oLapaNa nAma che. te jema pR. 207 upara TAMkela lekathI khAvIne ame kAma lIdhuM che. tene sthAne . 24, spaSTa thAya che tema pR. 4, 25 nA yugmamAMnA eka tarIke tene lekhAvAya. Ama zakasaMvata pR. 101 upara DhAMkala kathanathI karavAmAM zuM zuM muzkelIo Ave che te pR. 237-8 hato tene samaya i. sa. 78 manAyo upara samajAvyuM che. eTale te sthiti ame asaMbhavita che te paNa spaSTa che. chatAM A mAnatA hovAthI gaNatrI bahAranI tene TharAvI che. jema paricchede je kAMi carcA ApaNe, uparamAM samayano eka bAju vivAdajanya baMdhAyelI dRDha mAnyatA ubhI che, heraphera karIne, vigate uthalAvI uthalAvIne ke je kAI tema bIjI bAju, rUDha thayelI ane vyavahAramAM utarelI rItanI zakayatA athavA saMbhAvanA ubhI karI zakAya tevuM mAnyatA khaDI che. ane tene hiMmatapUrvaka anyathA lAgyuM te rIte ubhI karIne, eTale TuMkAmAM ke je kaI TharAvavA jeTaluM sAdhanabaLa ekatrita thayela na hovAthI, daSTibinDa dhyAnamAM utaryuM te grahaNa karIne, karI joI teno ukela lAvavAnuM anya upara choDIzuM. che. paranta sarvethI ekaja vAta siddha thatI samajAI odhavazI rAjAe zakasaMvatanA utpAdaka na che ke je pramANe atyAre mAnyatA pravartI rahI che hovAnuM bIjuM mukhya kAraNa e che ke te sthAne te koI rIte baMdhabesatI thatI ja nathI. eTale ApaNe thayA pachI temAMnA keIe te zakane upayoga ja karyo bulaMda avAje jAhera karavuM paDayuM che ke, zAlivAhane nathI. ulaTuM vidvAnedeg lakhavAnI pharaja paDI che ke, zaka calAvyo nathI. temaja I. sa. 78 mAM je AMdha "The later inscriptions of Andhras are pati hato teNe kadAca te zaka pravartAvyo haze paNa dated in regnal years and not in the tema karavAne tene zuM prayojana maLyuM hatuM te prakAzamAM years of any era= AMdhra (patio) nA AvyuM nathI. eTale mahAna prazna e AvIne khaDe pAchaLa vakhatanA zilAlekhemAM, rAjyanA (amuka) (10) ke, A. ke. pR. 26, pAri. 23.

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266 ] zakasaMvata hato kharo? [ ekAdazama khaMDa varSe (ketarAvAyo) enI tArIkha noMdhAI che, ane prajAnI marajInI vAta gaNAya. te uttaramAM jaNAvI ) phalANA saMvatanA (ATalA) varSe ema zakAya che. prajA te potAnA upakAranA ahesAnano nathI" eTale ke, te vazamAM je AMdhrapatio pAchalA badalo vALavAnuM bhUlatI ja nathI. ba9 ke prajAne tevA saMvauttara bhAgamAM thayA che temaNe kotarAvela zilAlekhomAM tAlekhanA prasaMganI sAmAnya rIte durlabhatA jyAre varelI kAI zakasaMvatanA varSane ulekha karyo ja nathI. paratu hoya che tyAre rAjakartAe te prasaMgopAta thatAM, ulaTa pitAnA rAjya, ATalAmAM varSe ane A pramANe karyuM te vizeSa zorarathI tenI uddaghoSaNA karAvarAvavI joIe; ema jaNAvyuM che. A uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke, nahI ke tene paDato mUkI pUrvajonA ujavaLa kAryone aMdhAje naM. 18 ke naM 24 ke bhale tenA pachI paNa, je rAmAM haDaselI daI, pitAnI mahatvatAnuM darzana karAvavuM koIe zakasaMvata pravartAvyo hota, te tenI pAchaLa joIe. ATaluM lakhyA pachI rA. sA. zairIzaMkara gAdIe AvanArA, tenA putra parivAranI prathama darajaje hIrAcaMda jhAkRta 'bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA' zuM pharaja nahotI ke te saMvatsarano upayoga karavo? vAMcavAnuM thatAM, tenA pR. 170-7ra je sAra mAluma jemaNe jemaNe potAne saMvatsara calAvyo che temaNe paDayo te jaNAvIzuM. siMhasUri racita kavibhAgamAM temaNe te-temaja tenA AkhAye vaMzamAM-jyAM jyAM "380 zaka saMvata"ne maLo ullekha vahelAmAM mitidarzananI jarUra paDI, tyAM tyAM pitAnA ja saMvatsaranuM vahele gaNI zakAya. paraMtu tenI mULa pratamAM kayA nAma daine kAma lIdhuM che ane temaja thavuM joIe. zabdo che tene patto maLato nathI. eTale te pachInI kAraNa ke temAM potAnA pUrvajone mobho vadhe che. bIjI noMdha varAhamihiranI paMcasiddhAMtikAmAMthI 427 kadAca tenA bacAvamAM ema dalIla karAya ke vikrama zakanI maLe che. tene vahelAmAM vahelI tarIke lakhavI saMvatsaranI peThe A zaka saMvatsara paNa threDa vakhata rahe che. jyAre zilAlekhamAM vahelAmAM vahele zaka prathama vaparAya haze ane pAchaLathI baMdha thayo haze saMvatano AMka kayo ma lekhAya te bAbatamAM potAnuM vaLI thaDe kAle sajIvana thayo haze. uttaramAM jaNAvIzuM maMtavya nIcenA zabdomAM jaNAve che " kAThiyAvADa ke jyAM tenA putra-parivAra ne vAparavAnA mokA AvyA ane kacchanA pazcimakSatraponA zilAlekhamAM zakasaMvata che tyAM paNa temaNe vAparyo nathI te, thoDA vakhata saMbaMdhamAM ekaluM 32 maLe che." ane pachInA zilAvaparAyo ne pAchaLathI baMdha thayo hovAne prazna ja kayAM lekho vageremAM "zakanRpati rAjyAbhiSeka saMvatsara', rahe che? chatAM eka apekSAe, vaparAzane baMdha thayo rAka, zAka, rAjasaMvat vigere zabdo che. matalaba ke bAda karIne zarU thayo kahI zakAya tema che te mATe pustakamAM vahelAmAM vahele vizvAsapAtra AMka 4ra7ne AgaLa juo. bIjI dalIla ema karAya ke rAjA che ane zilAlekha mATe keI nirNaya bAMdhI zakAte pite pravartaka hoya te-eTale ke rAjadvArI kAraNe nathI. ATalA vivecanathI keI khAsa muddo je ke saMvatanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI hoya te -tenA tAravI zakAto nathI, paraMtu amArI mAnyatA je vizajoe te prathAnuM anukaraNa karI potAno saMvata pR. 229-70mAM jaNAvI che ke sailukya vaMze asalane vAparo joIe. paraMtu prajAe-Adi karI hoya te zakasaMvata cAlu rAkhyo hato tene TekArUpa A kathana eTale dhArmika athavA adhadhArmika kAraNane lIdhe nIvaDe che. temaja svataMtra abhyAsa ane ciMtanathI prArambha karAyo hoya te, tene cAlu rAkhavI ke kema te te ame evA nirNaya upara AvyA chIe ke, vikrama (11) AnA udAharaNa mATe chaThThA paricchede zilAlekha ne 18, 21, 22, ane 23 jue. (12) AnA khulAsA mATe AgaLanI TI. naM. 15 juo. (13) A badhA zabdonA artha vize pu. 4, pR. 95 thI 98 juo tyAM vidhavidha khulAsavAra samajUti ApI che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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dazama pariccheda ] zakasaMvata hate khare? [ 267 saMvatanI peThe A zaka saMvatanI vaparAza paNa, anya bAbata che. eTale temAM te upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe rAjakartAnA amalamAM. temanA potAnA saMvatsaranI thatI vaMzajone temanA vaDIla janee sthApana karela zakane ja vaparAzane lIdhe, baMdha rahelI (juo pR. 266); athavA avalabavuM joIe ema chAtI ThokIne muktakaThe kahevuM kaho ke "zAsakano saMvata" vALA bhAvArcamAM za6 zAi, paDe che. chatAM eka vastu vicAravA yogya che ke vikrama rA, (not in the sense of a particularly saMvatsaranI peThe zilAlekhamAM athavA te sAhityagraMthomAM named era but in the sense of any vahelAmAM vahelo zaka saMvatane je AMka darzAvAyo hoya te era) zabdathI zayela. paraMtu cAlukayavaMzanA udbhava karyo che ane temAM kevA zabdo vaparAyA che te nakkI karI sAthe "zakasaMvata'nA (I. sa. 78nI AdivALA) levAya to kadAca te uparathI kAMIka era prakAza paDe kharA arthamAM te vaparAte thayo hovo joIe. paNa khare ? vAdanI khAtara keAI ema paNa dalIla raju kare bIjo prazra-ke zaka zabdanA arthamAM heraphera ke, evo kayAM niradhAra ja che, ke eka zakasthApakanA the saMbhavita che ke? uparamAM eka sthAne ApaNe parivAramAM utarI AvatA sarvee teja zakane Azraya ema joI gayA chIe ke, zaka zabda te upanAmanA vo joie ? jo ema hoya to mahAvIra saMvatanI rUpamAM vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyuM lAge che. jema zakAri bAbatamAM ja temanA parama bhakta samrATa priyadAzane vikramAditya vaparAya che, tema zakazAlivAhana eTale kevaLa eka sahastrAmanA khaDaka lekhamAM ja (ma. saM. 256) je zAlivAhana zaka-yavana gaNAtI evI pheracha prajAne te saMvatane Azraya lIdhe che, jayAre teNeja ubhA jItI lIdhI hatI te rAjAnuM nAma zakazAlivAhana karAvela anya staMbha ane zilAlekhamAM te prathAne gaNAya; A sivAya bIjo koI artha bese che ke tyAga karIne "amArA rAjyAbhiSeka pachI ATalA varSe" kema te have joIe. Ama karavAmAM AvyuM evI rIte kotaravAmAM AvyuM che. tenA judA judA cha artha thAya che tevuM kathana pu. 4, A pramANe eka ja vyaktie be rIte grahaNa karI pR. 98 upara jaNAvyuM che. temAMne ce (sAmAnya rIte che. tevAne vaLate uttara ema daI zakAya ke, mahAvIra koI paNa saMvata) ane pAMcamo (mAtra varSanA bhAvArthamAM) saMvata tene eka dharmapracAraka mahAtmAnA smaraNanuM. evA be arthane maLato thAya che ane tevA kAI bhAvArthamAM. pratIka che ane samrATa priyadarzina te temane eka A zabda AMdhrapatinA saMvata paratve vaparA samajI bhakta ja che. jyAre AMdhrapatinA zakanI bAbatamAM zakAya che. ane te A pramANe, zaka eTale saMvata ane te pravartaka eka vaDe che ane tene (zakana) tyAga zakane pravartAvanAra te rA; eTaleke "zaka te napuMsakaliMga karanAra tenAja (pravartakanA) kuLamAM utpanna thayela tenAja ane zAka' te puliga; ane tenI saptamI vibhaktinA putro ane patro che. dharmAnuyAyInI eka vAta che rUpamAM rA (in the year of the promulane vaMzajanI bIjI vAta che. jeTalI javAbadArI ane gator of the Saka era) thAya. jene ame sanmAna, eka vaMzajane pitAnA pUjya vaDIla pratye "zAsaka saMvata'nA nAmathI oLakhAvIe chIe (jAo hovAnuM jaNAya che, teTalAja aMze eka dhamanuyA- AgaLanA pArigrAphe) te svarUpe; matalaba ke, te sthAna thIne potAnA ISTadeva pratye hoya ema mAnI levAne upara je rAjasattAne amala cAlato hato, ane teo kAMIka soca rAkhavo paDe che. alabatta paralokika je saMvata mAnatA hatA te saMvatanA amuka varSa kalyANanI bhAvanAno vicAra karavuM hoya tyAre ISTadeva (A prayoga karAyo hoya; tenA udAharaNa mATe paNa pratyenI javAbadArI tathA bhakti vizeSa aMze prajvalita AgaLanA pArigrAphe juo). A pramANe sAmAnya thatI haju gaNI zakAya kharI. paraMtu amuka banAva arthamAM te zabda vaparAyela hovAthI aneka muzkelIo banyo hato tenI noMdha karavI-karAvavI te te eka aihika ubhI thavA pAmI che. joke pAchaLanA samaye keTaleka Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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268 ]. vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya? [ ekAdazama khaMDa ThekANe, ekalo "zaka' zabda na lakhatAM sAthe sAthe gayA ane lekamAMthI dhArmika bhAvanAne abhAva thatA zAlivAhana zabda paNa jeDa hovAthI ghaNI saraLatA gayo, tema tema tenI dhArmika mahathaI gaI lekhAya che, jemake harihara gAmamAM maLelA vastusthiti zI tvatA bhUMsAtI cAlI. ne eka vijayanagaranA rAjA bukarAya pahelAnA zilAlekhamAM rIte ghaTAvI vakhata evo paNa AvI pahe zakasaMvata 1276nI sAthe zAlivAhana nAma joDeluM che14. zakAya ? ke, teno tadana lepa thaI rAjakIya matalaba e thaI ke AvI rIte jyAM zaka zabdanI . mahatvanuM rUpa teNe dhAraNa karyuM. sAthe spaSTIkaraNa karatuM, bIjuM koI vizeSaNa ne jyArathI paradezI prajAnA humalA hinda upara thavA mAMDayA lagADayuM hoya, tyAMsudhI zaka zabdano artha, upara ne temane saMparka hiMdIone thavA mAMDe tyArathI dhArmika darzAvela udAharaNa pramANe ApaNane viparIta svarUpamAM bhAvanAnI luptino AraMbha thayo samaja. jema saMparka ghasaDI laI jAya che. vadhAre tema bhAvanAnI lupti vadhAre. A niyame te luptine - trIjo prazna-je sthitimAM ubhA chIe temAMthI prathama bhaMga uttara hinda banyuM ane pachI dakSiNa hinda, kema mArga kADhavo te prazna pahelAnuM varNana karatAM ja AvA AkramaNa karanArAomAM prathama alekajhAMDara aMtaragata tene upAya batAvI devAyuM che ke AMdhrapati dhI greTa, pachI enapati DImeTrIasa ne minenDara ne. 17-18nA yumane anulakSIne je ApaNe kAma atyA- tathA kSaharATo; te bAda inDopArthiana mejhIjha vagere. rasudhI lIdhe gayA chIe tene badale ne. 24, ane 25nuM te bAda kuzanavaMzI ane te bAda ca9NavaMzIo yugma dhArIne kAma levAya to ! ane te muddo AgaLanA AvyA che. A sarve paNa, mAtra luMTa laIne ja jyAM paricchede temanuM vRttAMta lakhatAM vicAravAno che. eTale sudhI cAlyA jatA tyAM sudhI te hindu saMskRtimAM phera atra to tene mAtra sucana eka upAya tarIke karIne ja , paDyo nahoto. paraMtu jyArathI temaNe sthAyI thaI AgaLa vadhavAnuM rahe che. bIjA praznanA nirasana mATe hindamAM vasavA mAMDayuM tyArathI, je saMskRtinuM--jema jaNAvavAnuM ke, jema vikramasaMvatsaranI bAbatamAM aneka rAjakartAne rAjyakALa lAMbo tema tenI saMskRtinuM muzkelIo dekhAtI najare paDI che, chatAM kALajIpUrvaka vadhAre jora )-jora vadhAre te jIvaMta rahI, athavA abhyAsa karIne maMDayA rahevAthI, pu. 4, pR. 94mAM tenuM sthAna upara rahyuM. temAM vaLI rAjakartAo hindamAM jaNAvyA pramANe temAMthI nIkaLavAno mArga sUjhI lagnagraMthIthI joDAvA mAMDayA ne temaNe hindI Avyo che, tema A zakasaMvatanI bAbatamAM paNa teja saMskRtine apanAvI lIdhI eTale temanI ane hindI niyame kAma levAthI kadAca raste maLI Avaze. balake saMskRtinuM mizraNa thaI gayuM. guptavaMzI rAjAo nepALa vikrama saMvatanA artha vize kaMI jAtanI muzkelI ke taraphathI utarI AvyA tyAMsudhI jaina-saMskRtinuM prAbala saMdigdhatA na hovAthI tene prazna hajIye sUtara hatuM A pramANe sacavAI rahyuM dekhAya che. jo ke jyAre zaka saMvatane te lagabhaga cha jeTalA artha guptavaMzIone mULa pradeza je nepALa ane himAthatA hovAthI, teno ukela sahelAIthI maLI Ave layanI TekarIvALo bhAga gaNAya che tyAM priyadarzinanA bhAre samajAya che. paraMtu khaMtapUrvaka satata maMDayA jamAI devapALanA gamana pachI, jaina dharma ja nAkhI rahevAthI tene paNa aMta AvI jazeja. hatI. paraMtu tenA upadezakene tyAM avarajavara priya amAro AdhIna mata ema paDe che ke, jo banavA zinanA maraNa bAda baMdha thaI gayo hovAthI, anya pAmyuM hoya te zakasaMvatanA sthApaka maLe te jaina dharmanI asara te deza upara paDI hatI. A saMskR-inA dhamIja hAya, parantu jema jema kALa vyatIta thate DhaMga uparathI temane pazupati tarIke oLakhAvAya che. 14 jue rA.ba. gau. hi. AjhAkRta, bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA 5, 12. Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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triyodazama pariccheda ] vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya? [ 268 guptavaMzIonI sattA mukhyapaNe uttaramAM, temaja dakSiNa naM. 73-74 mAM ApyAM che. matalaba ke zakazakhada hindanA sAmAnyapaNe bahoLA vistAra upara, ThIka mULa Azaya je I. sa. 78 nA samayanirdeza samaya sudhI jaLavAI rahI hatI. guptavaMzInI A sarakRti tarIke lekhavAnuM hatuM. te dhIme dhIme badalAIne. temanA vallabhI saradAro dvArA sairASTramAM paNa pahoMcI zakasaMvatanA arthamAM parivartana thavA pAmyo hato. jethI hatI. paraMtu dakSiNanA saradAroe tyAM ja nivAsasthAna karIne je AMka lakhAyo hoya temAM, caTTaNa samaye jALavI rAkhyuM hovAthI dakSiNamAM ja tene pagadaMDo majabUta 103 no, kSaharATa samaye 159 no, ane gupta samaye jAmI paDayo. A guptavaMzI rAjaamala rahyo tyAMsudhI 319 no, umero karavo paDato. ane " zaka" eTale kaho ke cahnaNa vaMzanA amalano aMta Avyo tyAM sudhI- " amuka saMvata=The particular era" nA mudA bhale rAjakartAo (jevA ke kSaharATa, kuzAna, cakaNu khasI jaI, kaI paNa "saMvata" Any era" nA kSatrapa i.) pitAnA saMvato vAparatA hatA, chatAM svarUpamAM pariNamyo hato ema samajAya che. ' temAMnA keIe te saMvatanuM nAma AMka sAthe mukhyatayA ApaNe dakSiNahiMdanI sAthe atyAre nisbata joDI batAvyuM dekhAtuM nathI. 15 eTale je te pradezamAM che eTale tene aMgenI sthitinuM varNana karIzuM. caNajyAre mitidarzaka AMka vaparAto, tyAre te pradezanA vazIomAMthI tenA Abhira saradAra Izvaradatta I. sa. zAsakone saMvata ja tene lekhAte; phAve te pachI rAjAe 261mAM chuTA paDIne potAno svataMtra vaza sthAo te AMka darzAvyo hoya ke prajAe; ane phAve te hate (juo pu. 3, pR. 375-82). zakya che ke, tene AMkanI pUrve zaka zabda lakhyo hoya ke nahIM, te paNa pAchaLathI parAkramI guptavaMzIoe pitAnAmAM joDI : sarvatra ekaja artha ghaTAvAte hato. eTale ke zaka dIdhA haze. paraMtu jyAre guptavaMzIonI paDatI thatI zabdano artha tyAMsudhI " zAsakano saMvata" samajAyA cAlI tyAre bhAraka nAmanA eka saradAre saurASTramAM- ' karato. guptavaMzIoe pUrvanA rAjakartAothI chUTA vallabhImAM jema gAdI karI tema bIjA eka saradAre gujapatIne ane potAnI oLakha tarI Ave te mATe, rAtanA lATa pradezamAM aikaTakavaMza16 sthA (pa. 3. pitAnA saMvatsarane cakkasa nAma ApyuM ane te pramANe pR. 377) ane trIjA ekAda saradAre, dakSiNanA pote jyAM prasaMga lAgyo tyAM, kahe ke rAjakIya kSetre kalyANImAM rAjagAdI sthApI lAge che. eTale ke A AMka saMkhyA pUrve gupta zabda jo; jyAre prajAne traNene vaMzanI sthApanA, guptavaMzanI paDatInA samaye te je cIlo paDI gayo hate temAMthI bahAra nIkaLavuM 25-50 varSanA gALAmAM ja thavA pAmI che tathA te kaThiNa lAgavAthI athavA to aneka vakhata rAjasattA traNene dharma paNa guptavaMzI ja rahevA pAmyo che. amAre badalAtI hovAthI, keTalAM dhoraNe akhatyAra karavA ema mAnavuM thAya che ke, kalyANIno caulukyavaMza te -tenI muMjhavaNa thatI hovAthI, mULanI prathAne te vaLagI A guptavaMzanA eka saradAranI zAkhArUpa che ane tenI rahI. temaja vikalpa gupta zabda umeratA paNa hatA. A sthApanA guptavaMzanI paDatInA samaye I. sa. chaThI pramANe thayAnAM aneka udAharaNa pu. 4. pR. 83, TI. sadInA prAraMbhamAM ke pAMcamInA aMtamAM thaI che. ' (15) rA. ba. gaurIzaMkara hIrAcaMda jhA kRta bhAratIya hovAthI teNe vAparela AMka sAthe, zakanI apekSA rAkhelI prAcIna lipimALA, pR. 170 "kAThiyAvADane kacchanA pazcima dekhAya che. bAkI teoe zaka zabda nathI vAparyo tenuM kSatraponA zilAlekhamAM zakasaMvata saMbaMdhamAM ekaluM "viSe' kAraNa ame je dorI batAvyuM che te samajavuM.] maLe che. [ amAruM TIpaNa.-(1) amArUM atra lakhela kathana te (16) pu.3, pR. 384raikUTaka dharasenana samaya je ame svataMtra rIte abhyAsane aMge ja kareluM che. rA. bA. ejhA 207+249=I. sa. 456 gaNAvyo che tene A uparathI sAhebano purAvo te pAchaLathI maLI AvyA eTale TAMkI sudhArIne 207+3194. sa. 526 no lekha. batAvyo che. (2) kSatrapane vidvAnoe zaka mAnI lIdhelA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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270 ] vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya ? vallabhIvALAe temaja traikUTakavALAoe temanA mAlikanA saMvatane ( guptasaMvata i. sa. 719 vALAne ) apanAvI rAkhyA, jyAre cAlukayavaMzIoe, peAtAnA asala utpattinA sthaLanI, tathA pachInAM anukrame nepALa, uttarahiMda ane pAchaLathI dakSiNahiMdu ke jyAM sthiratA dhAraNa karI rahyA hatA tyAMnI A sarva pradezanI jaina saMskRti thoDe ghaNe aMze jALavI rAkhI hatI, tethI je zaka saMvata mULe jaina hatA tene cAlu rAkhyA hatA. tethI ja caulukayavaMzanA Adi purUSAmAM jainadharmanAM aMze jaLavAI rahelA mAlUma paDe che. temaja temane saMsarga, pAsenA aparAMta pradezanI jainadharmI kadaMba prajA sAthe joDAye| dekhAya che. vaLI bIje purAyA, uparanA caulukaya vaMzIomAMthI utarI Avela gujarAtanA selaMkIvaMzI bhupAla karNadevane ane majakura kadaMba rAjAnI putrI mayaNullAdevIne lagnasaMbaMdha joDavAmAM AvyA hatA. A pramANe dakSiNanA rAjakuTuMbanA dharmasaMbaMdhI jhAMkhA paricaya samajave, jema jema vakhata gayA tema tema cAlukaSavaMzImAMthI rASTrIkavaMza judo paDayo ne teNe jainasaMskRti jALavI rAkhI; jemAMnA amedhava vagere rAjAnA itihAsa ati mazahura che. tevAmAM dakSiNamAM zrIAdya zaMkarAcAryanA udbhava thayo ne dharmAMsa sthAomAM jakharadasta krAMti thavA pAmI. A samaye zaka saMvata 7 vaidikapaNuM dhAraNa karyuM dekhAya che. mULe zakasaMvatnI utpatti tA--tenA pravakanA janmanI kathA-brAhmaNukanyA sAthe saMkalita thayelI ja che, ane sAmAnya rIte brAhmaNa eTale vaidikadharmAnuyAyI gaNAya, jethI badhI yuktine suyAga maLI rahyo. itihAsa paNa ApaNane zIkhave che ke, jyAre dharmAMsaMsthAmAM jabarA palaTA Ave che tyAre eka dharmAMnI saMsthAnA avazeSa! khIjAnuM svarUpa pakaDI le che temAM prajA ane rAjA banne hissA pUrAve che. matalaba ke bhagavAna zaMkarAcArya nA samaye ja, zakasaMvate jainamAMthI vaikrika khALiyuM badalI nAMkhyuM gaNavuM. te ja rIte dakSiNadviMdanA (17) rA. kha. gauzikara hI. AjhAkRta bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA jue "pulakezI bIjanA vakhatanA jaina Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaMDa aneka jainamaMdirAe paNa vaidikadharmane svAMga sajI lIdhA hatA evuM samajavuM rahe che. AvA dharmapalaTa, hamezAM e saMskRtinI athaDAmaNamAMthI ja udbhave che. upara kahI gayA chIe ke paradezIonA saMparka vakhate A pramANe hamezAM banI Ave che. je saMskRtinuM jora vizeSa te vadhAre phAvI jAya. upara jaNAvela paradezIo hiMdamAM AvI TharIThAma kheThA ke tarata temaNe hiMdI saMskRtine apanAvI lIdhI eTale sadhaLuM hatuM, tevuM pAchuM thaI gayuM te badhuM thALe paDI gayuM. vaLI traNa cAra sadI gaI te arabastAna taraphathI AraenAM ane temanI pAchaLa pAchaLa aphagAnistAnamAMthI gijhanavIenAM ane dherI prajAnAM AkramaNA zarU thayAM. temaNe joke dhImedhIme kAyamI vasavATa karavA mAMDavo hatA; eTale darajje saMskRtinI athaDAmaNu thavAnuM prayeAjana dUra haDaselAyuM, paraMtu temAMnA keTalAke dharmanI ahaMbhAvanA keLavavI zarU karI dIdhI ane tenA upara rAjasattAnI maheAra pADavA mAMDI eTale saMskRtinI hada saMkrAcAtI gaI ane kAmIrUpa dhAraNa thatuM gayuM. jenA pariNAme hiMdamAM e prajA heAvAnuM durbhAgya sAMpaDayuM. A pramANenI saMskRtinI eka athaDAmaNu, dakSiNaMdamAM bhagavAna zaMkarAcAryanA samaye thaI hAvAnuM zakaya che. jainasaMskRti te samaye sAmAnya prajAne pacAvavI kadAca anukUla thaI nahIM hAya eTale vaidikasaMskRti tarapha prananuM DhaLaNu vaLyuM te dhIme dhIme te majabUta thatI gaI. te samaye zakasaMvate potAnuM bAhya zarIra badalyuM hAvuM joie. eTale zakasaMvata jene mULa hatA. te kAyama rahe temaja, temanuM paNa mana rAjI rahe; ne kAI rIte gaMbhIra athaDAmaNu ubhI na thavA pAme te hetuthI, zaka zabda kAyama rAkhyA . hAya; temaja tenA samaya paNa phAyama rAkhI vizeSamAM zAlivAhananuM nAma joDavuM yA na joDavuM te vAparanAranI icchA upara cheDayuM hAya. eTale pR. 267-8 mAM noMdhyA pramANe zAlivAhana zaka evA je zabdaprayAga maLI Ave che, tenI AsapAsanA maMdiranA zilAlekha pramANe zaka saMvata ane yudhiSThira saMvata vacce 7197 varSanuM aMtara che," www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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-------------- dazama pariccheda ] vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya? [ 27 samaye A prakAranI krAMti thavA pAmI heya ema dAkhala karelI amAsAMta paddhati paNa dAkhala karI gaNavuM paDaze. dekhAtI nathI. A bhedane lIdhe saMbhavita che ke DokaTara bhagavAna zaMkarAcAryano samaya zAke 710 thI kIrne lakhyuM haze "dakSiNahida karatAM uttara74ra = 32 varSanA AyuSya gaNAya che. hiMdane zaka lakhavAnI paddhatimAM je phera dekhAya che te vidvAnee A AMkane zakasaMvatsara tarIke lekhI dakSiNahiMdamAM vasatA brAhmaNonA dharmanI asaranuM ja temane samaya I. sa. 788 thI 82no TharAvyo che paraMtu pariNAma che. temanA kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, te samaya anyanI gaNatrIe barAbara nathI lAgato. dakSihidamAM je zaka lakhAya che te amAsAMta che eTale amArI namrapaNe e sUcanA che ke te AMkane ane tenuM kAraNa brAhmaNane saMparka che, jyAre uttara zakasaMvatsara na lekhatAM temanuM mULa je guptavaMza che hiMdane zaka pUrNimAMta paddhatino che. A kathana uparathI tene ja saMvata lekha athavA 8 gaNIne, temanA ApaNe te eTale ja sAra kADhavAne che ke, jainonI janmasthAnamAM je saMvata vaparAto hoya te saMvatamAM te gaNanA ( uttarahidanA zaka pramANe) pUrNimAMtanI AMkane ghaTAvAya te badho virodha samI javo joIe. che. A niyama dhyAnamAM rAkhIne dakSiNahiMdamAM va5A sUcanA pramANe tapAsI . jevA vidvAnane rAyalA zakanI mitinI gaNatrI tapAsI joIze to te vinaMtI che. kayA dharmane che tene tarata paoNA maLI Avaze. [atra amAre eka hakIkata je pu. 4. pR. 102 alabatta, eka muzkelI che ke, vikrame amAsAMtanI thI 105 sudhImAM jaNAvI dIdhI che tenA sArarUpe paddhati dAkhala karI vALI che. 5ranuM dhyAna rAkhavAnuM jaNAvavI che. kemake tenAthI zakasaMvatanI utpatti jana- che ke, vikramasaMvatsaranI asara te mukhyapaNe uttaramata pramANe che ke vaidikamata pramANe che, te pArakhI hindamAM ja thaI che, nahIM ke dakSiNa hidamAM. eTale kADhI zakAze, tevuM amAruM dhAravuM thAya che. jaina saMpradAyamAM sevA te je zaka saMvata I. sa. 78 mAM AMdhaprathama pUrNimAMta mAsa (pUrNimAe mahine pUre thAya patie sthApyAnuM kahevAyuM che, tenI gaNanA pote ane kRSNa pakSathI na mAsa gaNAya te) Solar jenadhama hevAthI pUrNimAM paddhatinI ja hevI joIe. months nI gaNanA-paddhati hatI; parantu vikrame jyAre upara batAvI gayA pramANe je zakasaMvata bhagavAna saMvatsara sthApyo tyArathI amAsAMta8 (amAse zaMkarAcAryanA samaya bAda vAparamAM Avyo che tenI mahine pUro thAya ane zukalapakSathI nava mAsa gaNAya paddhati amAsAMtanI che. eTale saMbhava che ke A te) Lunar months nI gaNanA dAkhala thaI che. kaTI vaDe baMne zaka pArakhI paNa zakAya. ] tethI anamAna e thayo ke uttarahidanA jenoe vikrama zivasvAti vize koI anya mAhitI maLela na saMvatsaranI sthApanA kyA bAda, amAsAMtanI gaNanA hovAthI temaja zakasaMvatane lagatuM je kAMI kahevuM akhatyAra karI kahevAya. paraMtu, kuzAna ane caNDaNavazI- hatuM te saMpUrNa lakhAI gayuM hovAthI A prakaraNa ee jema vikrama saMvata grahaNa karyo nathI tema teNe atra pUruM karavAmAM Ave che. (18) zAke zabdanI vyAkhyA mATe uparamAM pR.27 juo. (19) jue pu. 4, pR. 109. (20) temanA asala zabdo mATe juo I. e. pu. 37 5. 46 tathA ApaNA pu. 4, 5, 102, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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kaDa karI - * * caturdazama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra -(24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi--tenA vize kAMI jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. (25) catrapaNe vAsiSIputra-gautamIputra ane vAsiSThIputranA cAra yugalo thayAM che temAM rANI baLazrInA putrapautranuM yugala kayuM, tenI judA judA cAra muddA ApIne karelI carcA ane temAMthI tAravelo nirNaya-De. myulare ane De. bhagavAnalAle bhinnabhinna rIte karela catra paNa zabdane ukela tathA TolemIe pitAnA samakAlinapaNe A citrapaNane ane cavhaNane gaNAvyA che paraMtu vidvAnane te mAnya nathI, tene kADhI Apela niceDa ane te purANa kathananI batAvI Apela satyatA-gadaMbhIla ane zatavahanavaMzImAM samakAlInapaNe thayela rAjAo vacce mitrAcArInA bhAvAbhAvanuM karela varNana tathA catrapaNe saurASTra ane gujarAtanI bhUmi gardabhI pAsethI jItI lIdhI hatI tene Apela khyAla (26) gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi, pulumAvI trIje-tenI pAsethI caThaNe paDAvI lIdhela gujarAta ane saurASTra ane tene pitAne banAvela mAMDalika, judAjudA gautamIputranA zilAlekha ane sikkAomAMthI kayAkena, te oLakhavAne batAvelI cAvIe-- (27) zivazrI vAsiSI putra (28) zivaskaMdha gautamIputra (29) yajJazrI vasiSI putra zAtakaraNi ane (30 thI 32) chelA traNa rAjAo A vaMzanI paDatI kema thaI tathA cakaNuvaMzI naM. 3 ne rUdradAmana, naM. 5 ne rUdrasiMha ane ne, 7 ne rUkasena; A traNenA prathamAkSara rUdra hevAthI kayAM gaDabaDa thavA pAmI che te vize zilAlekhanA AdhAre

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caturda zama pariccheda ] gAtamIputra zAtakaraNi [ 273 karelI cADIka carcA; te uparathI AMdhrapati sAthe joDela AbhirAnAM sagapaNu ane caNuvaMza sAthenA rAjadvArI saMbaMdha tathA guptasAmrAjyanI paDatI vakhate AbhirAe meLavelI svataMtratA ane purANeAnA AdhAre A AbhirAne vidvAnAe AMdhrapati sAthe joDIne AMdhrabhRtyA karAvyA che te vize samajAvela bheda--zatavahanavaMzIonI vikalpe TharAvAtI vaMzAvaLIthI puravaNI tarIke khatAvelI rUparekhA-- [noMdha:--A pariccheda lakhAtuM hatuM te tekhate aitihAsika banAvAnI anya paristhitine lakhuMne temanA samayamAM keTalAka pheraphAra karavA jarUriyAta ubhI thaI che. je pramANe sudhArA karIne te vAMcavuM.. temane lagatI hakIkata kAyama ja rAkhavAnI che]. i. sa.. i. sa. 78-109=31 109-137=28 (24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNa (25) catraNa vAsiddhiputra 181-188 = 7 (26) gautamIputra yajJazrIzAkaraNa137-16 pra8 (27) zivazrI (vAsinniputra pulAmA)165-181-16 (28) zivaskaMdha (29) yajJazrI zAtakaraNi vAsioiputra188-218=30 (30-31-32) traNa rAjAe 218-261=43 ( ekanA 18 + khIjA enA 25) Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat aMte maLIne 59 varSe aMte maLIne 44 varSa baMne maLIne 37 varSa A sAtane kadAca AMtrakRtyA kahevAnA Azaya paNa purANakArAnA heAya www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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cAra yugmAmAMthI rANI maLazrInA sabaMdhI koNa ? zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) (24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNa khAsa tenA jIvanapravAhane aMge nirdeza karI zakAya tevuM kaMi paNa amArA vAMcavAmAM AvyuM nathI eTale te khAkhata taddana mauna ja sevavuM paDe che. je kAMI ullekha karI zakAya te eTaluM ja ke tenA rAjyakALa 21 varSa paryaMta cAlyeA heAvAnuM kalpI zakAya che ane tene samaya I. sa. 78 thI 9 sudhInA lakhavA rahe che. have jo zAlivAhana zakanA pravartaka tarIke A naM. 24 vALAne lekhavA hAya ane tenA pitAnA maraNanI sAlathI te zakanI Adi gaNavI hoya te gautamIputra zAtakaraNine zakapravartaka tarIke ApaNe jAhera karavA rahe che. khIjI vastusthiti e che ke ApaNe naM. 18vALA rAjAne ja hamaNA teA hAla zAlivAhana tarIke oLakhAvyA che. ane te vAsiSmagAtrI mAtAne peTe janmyA haiAvAthI vAsipuitra kahevAya che. matalaba ke ApaNe rAjA hAlane vAsinniputra kahyo che jyAre zakapravartaka tarIke je vyakti atra TharAvavI paDe che te gautamIputra che. eTale jo kAI graMthamAM rAjA zAlivAhananuM birUda maLI Ave te, ApaNane niNaeNya upara AvavAne ati upayAgI muddo maLI ANye. lekhAze. 274 ]* [ ekAdazama khaMDa rANI khaLazrIe peAtAnA putra tathA pautra tarIke oLakhAvela che te yugma kayuM hai|vuM joie tenI carcA mulatavI rAkhI turatamAM naM. 17, 18nA joDakAne te svIkArI levAnuM kahyuM hatuM eTale tenA pUrAvA tapAsI te sAbita karavAnuM kAma atre hAtha dharavuM rahe che. rANI aLazrIe potAnA putrane dakSiNApathapati ane pautrane dakSiNApathezvaranA nAmathI saMkhe dhyA che ane je pramANe te baMnenuM varNana ApyuM che te pramANe teA teo pratyeke 19 varSa uparAMta aka 24 varSa sudhI ke te uparAMta paNa-rAjyasattA bhAgavI che. temaja teo baMne karmavIrA tathA mahAparAkramI hAvAnA khyAla te uparathI Ave che. A e sthitine vicAra karavA jatAM, naM. 28, 29 vALuM yugma tA saheje bAda ja thaI jAya che kemake naM. 28 vALAnA rAjyAdhikAra kevaLa sAta varSanA ja nAMdhAyA gaNavA paDayA che. khIjuM yugma je naM. 26, 27 vALuM che te upara naM. 24 nuM maraNu thatAM tenI gAdIe naM. 25 vALA tenA putra Avye che. darzAvelA be muddAmAMthI eka tA jara pUrA kare che ja; kemake temaNe 31 ane 27 varSa sudhI rAjapUrA grahaNa karI rAkhI che. parantu temanAM parAkrama vize joitA saMteASa teo pUrA pADI zakatA nathI. kAraNa ke naM. 26nA vRttAMte ApaNane jaNAvavAmAM Avaze tema, atipati caNe tene harAvIne saurASTra tathA gujarAtanA keTaleAya bhAga avaMti sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdheA hateA. matalaba ke parAkrama vizeneA naM. 26 teA pUrAvA khaMDita thai jAya che eTale naM. 26, 27 vALuM yugma pazu khAtala karavuM rahe che. pachI teA kevaLa sudhInA 23 varSanA TharAyeA che. naM. 17vALA gautamI-vicAravuM rahyuM naM. 24 ane 25 mAMnuM yugma tenA have putra zAtakaraNinuM vRttAMta lakhatAM gautamIputra ane jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, A vAsipuitranA cAra nAmanA cAra yugmA thayAM che. yugmamAMthI rANI naM. 17 18 vALuM eka, naM. aLazrAnA saMbaMdhI 24, 25nuM khI; naM. 26, (25) catrapaNa vAsipuitra sAtakaraNa tene rAjyakALa ApaNe i. sa. 99 thI 122 vicAra karIe.. kANu ? 27nuM trIjuM, ane naM. 28, ratnuM cethu; A cAramAMthI (1) uparamAM pU. 73 saratacUkathI na. 25 vALAne caNe harAvyAnuM lakhAyuM che. paraMtu te naM. 26 ne harAvyAnuM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (1) rANI khaLazrIe peAtAnA putrane mATe lakhyuM che ke, He had restored the glory of his fore-fathers; A vAkayathI pratIti thAya che ke, yuddha thayuM te pUrve, gautamIputranA bApadAdAnI kIrtine apayazarUpI kalaMka coMTayuM hatuM ane te banAva khIje krAI nahIM paNa itihAsa ApaNune zIkhavI rahyo che jANavuM: khalke nabaranI mArAmArImAM na utaratAM, gautamIputra jJazrIne harAvyAnuM lakhavuM. pachI tene nabara game te Ape. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturdazama pariccheda ] cAra yugamemAMthI pANI baLathInA saMbaMdhI keNu? [ ra7pa tema, nahapANa, rUSabhadatta ane nahapANa pradhAna ayamanA chellA zakabhUpati sAthe yuddhamAM utarI bhAlA jevA nAsika tathA juneranA zilAlekhamAM jaNAvela che te ja hathiyArathI vadhI nAMkhate ApaNe vAMce che ane che (juo chaThThA paricachede zilAlekha naM. 33 ane 35 tene samaya I. sa. pU. 57ne aneka pUrAvA ApI tathA pu. mAM nahapANanuM vRttAMta tathA nIcenI dalIla pUravAra karI apAyo che. tema te samaya bAda ke naM. 2); jemane samaya I. sa. pU. 114nA arasAmAM ThekANe zaka ke kSaharATa prajAnuM nAma najare caDatuM nathI. noMdhAve che ane te naM. 1 18 nA pUrvajanA ane vaLI te naM. 17 vALAnA rAjyakALanA samayamAM na temanI pitAnI lagolaga che, jyAre na. 24, 25nuM I. sa. pU. pa7 ne samAveza thaI jAya che. tyAre yugma to ghaNuM dUra paDI jAya che. uparAMta naM. 17, aitihAsika pramANethI siddha thaI jAya che ke Adha18 vALA te mahAparAkramI thaI gayA che eTale vaMzI bhUpationA zire-lalATe celuM kaleka nimULa temanA samaya bAda ane . 2425 nI pUrve laMchana karavAne yaza naM. 17 ne ja bhAgye sarajAyo hato. kadAca lAgyuM hoya te banAvAyogya che. paraMtu naM. 19 [ kadAca dalIla karavAmAM Ave ke, I. sa. pU. thI 23 sudhInA pAMca rAjAomAMnA cAra vize to 57 nA arasAmAM zakaprajAnuM nikaMdana nIkaLI gayuM che te lagabhaga zUnyAkAra jevI ja sthiti itihAsamAM najare paDe te bAda lagabhaga eka varSe pAchA cakaNavaMzI kSatrapo che. joke pAMcamo je ne. 23 vALe che tene mahAparAkramI ke jene vidvAnoe zaka tarIke oLakhAvyA che te rAjA lekha saMvatsara pravartAvavA jevI keTIne gaNAvIne kayAMthI AvyA? temane saMtoSa upaje te mATe jaNAvI tenA putra naM. 24 vALAe zakasaMvata calAvyo hovAnuM zakAya ke, (a) te vakhatanA anya vaMzIonA koI manAyuM che. paraMtu naM. 23 to yumanI bahArano che. matalaba zilAlekha ke sikkAI ulalekhamAM ca9NavaMzIone kahevAnI e che ke, je kalaMka gautamIputra zAtakaraNie- zakaprajA tarIke udezI ja nathI. tema cakaNuvaMzIoe rANI baLathInA putre-dhaI nAMkhyAnI hakIkata vicAravI pote paNa te nAmathI pitAne saMbodhyA nathI. eTale rahe che te, naM. 19 thI 20 sudhInA rAjyakALa banavA temane zaMkaprajA dhArI levI te ja mULe to AdhAra pAmI ja nathI. paraMtu naM. 17 nA samaya pUrve banI vinAnI vAta che. vaLI nahapANuthI caSThavaMzIo hevAnuM cokkasa thAya che ane tema thayuM che to te kalaMka kevA bhinna pradezI ane bhinna saMskArI che te pu. 3 mAM bhUMsI nAMkhavAnuM kArya naM. 17nA hise ja noMdhavuM rahe che, nahapANunA vRttAMte, tathA pu. 4 mAM caNDaNanI vAte (2) rANI baLazrIe zilAlekhamAM spaSTapaNe ApaNe dalIle ApI sAbita karI ApyuM che. ullekha karyo che ke tenA putra "destroyed the matalaba ke kaI rIte caMNune zaka ke kSaharATa prajAmAM Sakas and extirpated the Kshaharatas= te lekhI zakAya tema che ja nahI. (ba) chatAM mane zakano nAza karyo ane kSaharATanuM mULa ukheDI nAMkhyuM manAvavA dalIla khAtara-kabula karI levAya ke te thaka hatuM." AmAMthI zaka prajAno samaya, avaMtipati tarIkeno hato te ema banavA joga che ke, I. sa. pU. 57 thI . sa. pU. 64thI 57 sudhIne, tathA hiMdIzaka I. sa. 103 mAM ca9NavaMzIne udaya thayo te vaccenA (Indo-Scythians)nA saradAra jevA rUSabhadattano doDhaso varSanA gALAmAM, zaka prajAne bIjo jaththo ane harITa bhUpati nahapANu avaMtIpatino samaya temanA mULa vatanamAMthI utarI Avyo hovo joIe ema I. sa. pU. 114 thI 74 sudhIne hevAnuM itihAsathI gaNI levuM. (ka) kadAca ema paNa dalIla karAya ke have ApaNe jANI cUkyA che. caThaNa sivAyanA uttarahiMdanA paradezI rAjAo jyAre naM. 17 ne, zakAri vikramAdityanI pAkhe jevA ke mojhIjha, ajhIjha, vagere jene ApaNe InDo ubhA rahI gujarAtamAM kArUra mukAme zaka prajAne pArthiana-pahalyAjha tarIke oLakhAvyA che tathA kaniSka, harAva tathA dakSiNahindamAM koIka ajJAta sthaLe haviSka, vAsudeva Adi ke jemane ApaNe kuzAna tarIke

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276 ] cAra yugmamAMthI pANI baLazrInA saMbaMdhI keNI [ ekAdazama khaMDa oLakhAvyA che te prajAne, zaka tarIke gaNI levAne naM. 25 vALAe je zakasaMvatano prAraMbha karyo che Azaya hoya to kema? temane uparanI dalIla (a) mAM teno ja uccheda tenI pitAmahI rANI baLazrIe karI jaNAvyA pramANe paNa javAba devAya. uparAMta kahI nAMkhI, tenA saMvatanA" ATalAmAM varSe ema na lakhatAM, zakAya che. te vakhatanI prajA A badhA bheda vadhAre "tenA rAjyakALanA" ATalomAM varSe evA zabda samajI zake ke lagabhaga be hajAra varSe thanArA ApaNe lakhAvavAnuM yogya vicAryuM hatuM. bIje kaI hoya te vadhAre samajI zakIe ? (7) vaLI emane (5havAjhane to AvuM vartana kadAca calAvI zake, paNa saMvata pravartaka ane kuzAne na) nAza ja kayAM thayo che. I. sa. rAjA khuda haiyAta hoya, tenI ja hAjarImAM ane pR. 57 mAM je nAza thaI gayo hota to temane tenI ja vaDavAi-vaDavAI te vaDavAI paNa aneka vaMza-pahavAjhano chello rAjA gAMDakAranesa I. sa. 45 rAjakAjamAM dIvAdAMDI tarIke AgaLa paDato bhAga sudhI ( juo pu. 3 mAM) ane kuzanavaMzane chellA lenArI ane pitAnA ja putra ane pautranI kAtine I. sa. aDhIso sudhI (jIo A pAMcamA pustake) amarapaTo ApanArIrAjamAtAthI AvuM kArya zuM calAvI cAlu rahyo dekhAya che, te zuM dekhAya kharo? A pramANe levAya? ane tethI paNa vadhAre akSamya gaNAya, te pramANe kapanAthI gabaDAvela gALA sarva ukhaDI javA pAme che.] katarAvI zakAya kharuM ke? A sthiti ja behadI dekhAya (3) kalakane uccheda karyAne yaza te rANI che. matalaba ke ne. 24, 25 vALA yugma sAthe A baLazrIe pitAnA putrane arpaNa karyo che ane je yukti besAravAnuM taddana bemunAsIba lekhAya tevuM che. zilAlekhamAM te hakIkata darzAvI che te te teNIe (4) uparanI traNa dalIle zilAlekha AdhAre pitAnA pautranA rAjya 19 mA varSe Ubhe karAvyo ApI che. jyAre sikkAI pUrAvA paNa tene samarthana che. ATalI vAta to kharI che ja. have vicAro ke Ape che. nahapANano samaya te I. sa. pU. 114thI A gautamIputra ane vAsiddhiputravALuM yugma naM 24 nizcita che ja. have jo naM. 17, 18vALuM joDakuM ane 25 mA vALAnuM che te, ema sAbita thayuM rANIbaLazrInA putra-pautra tarIke lekhIe te, ane lekhavuM paDaze ke. na. 24 vALAnuM parAkrama hatuM ane tenA putrane samaya I. sa. pU. 7ra thI 47 no te na. 25 nA samaye tene ullekha karI zilAlekha puravAra karela che te, baMnenA samayanuM aMtara (nahapANanuM ketarAvAyo che. bIjI bAju ema lakhavuM maraNa ane bIjAnA udaya) nAnAmAM nAnuM be varSanuM paDe che ke, naM. 24 nA parAkane lIdhe zaka ane vadhAremAM vadhAre (nahapANe yuddha khelAnA samaya pravartAvyo hato ane te saMvatanI Adi tenA I. sa. pu. 112 TharAvAya che. e pu. 8 mAM ane maraNanA varSathI-eTale ke naM. 25 nA rAjyAbhiSekathI gautamIputre 19mA varSe harAvyAnuM rANabaLazrIe gaNavAnuM zarU karavAmAM AvyuM che. je A pramANe lekhAvyuM che ke jene samaya I. sa. pU. 52-3 sthiti hoya te tene artha te ema thaze ke, Ave che eTale sikkAo tenA rAjyakALa daramiyAna (2) jema A dalIla i. sa. 78mAM zaka saMvatano sa. pU. 53mAM jaNAvyA che. atranI hakIkta satya samajavI, prAraMbha thayAnI mAnyatA virUddha jAya che, tema na, 18 kemake I. sa. pU. 57nA yuddhamAM yaza meLavIne tathA zAka vALAe zAlivAhana zaka calAvyAnI virUddha paNa nodhI rAjAne mArI nAMkhIne, zakAri vikramAdityanI madada laI, zakAya tema che. chatAM tema na gaNI zakAya te mATe na. naM. 17 vALAe saurASTra upara caDAI karI gaNAya ne tyAM ja 18 nA vRttAMte juo. rUSabhadAtta Adine mArI nAMkhI tenA vaMzanuM-zukaprajAnuM - (3) naM. 18nA vRttAMte, A kalaMka bhUMsI nAMkhatuM yuddha nikaMdana kADhI nAMkhyuM gaNAya. Ama karyA bAda nahapANanA I. sa. pU. 57mAM banyAnuM jaNAvyuM che; jayAre aMta I. sikkA upara potAnuM mahoruM paDAvyuM che. jethI AvA sikkA

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caturdazama pariccheda ] tA. cAlu rahe ja ane baMdha thAya teApaNu 112-para khada jatAM) 60 varSanuM Ave che. parantu nahapANunA maraNu khAda ja-alke te pachI paNa thADA samaya sudhI te tenA sikkA cAlu rahyA hAya ja; eTale ke I. sa. pU. 74 athavA 70 nA samayathI I. sa. pU. para sudhInuM aMtara 10-22 varSanuM ja rahe. matalaba ke echAmAM echuM aMtara e varSAnuM ane vadhAremAM vadhAre 20 varSanuM ja gaNI zakAya. have jo naM. 24, 25 vALuM yugma kalaMka nirmULa karanAra tarIke ane temAMthI naM. 24 ne teNInA putra tarIke lekhIe teA tenA samaya I. sa. 75 lagabhaga TharAvAya, eTale ke te enA samayanI vacce aMtara lagabhaga dezasAthI khaseA varSanuM paDI jaze. bIjI bAju ApaNane sikkAcitrone abhyAsa batAve che ke nahapAnA caherAvALA sikkA upara gautamIputra zAtakaraNie svahRdayanI tiraskArayukta lAgaNI darzAvavA potAnuM mahArU paDAvyuM che. have vicAre ke A pramANe pracalita sikakAcitro upara matadarzana karavAnuM kArya jo 2 thI 20 varSa jeTalA gALA heAya te khanavAceAgya che ke deADhasA khaseA varSanA aMtaragALe zaya che? dADhaseA khasA varSanA gALe teA nahapANunA sikkAo paNa tenA ja vaMzanI rAjakumata cAlu rahI haiAya teye, evA adazya thaI gayA hAya ke game teTalI mahenata karyA chatAMe maLavA durlabha thaI paDe. tAtparya e che ke sikkAI purAvAthI paNa siddha thaI zake che ke naM. 17, 18vALA yugmanI sAthe ja rANIkhaLazrInA saMbaMdha hAI zake. anya vizeSa mAhitI upara pramANe cAra dalIlo naM. 24, 25nA yugmanI virUddha janArI dekhAya che. jyAre eka ja dalIla tenI tarapheNamAM amArI najaramAM Ave tyAM sudhI caiADeka aMze paNa rajI karI zakAya tevI che. sarvamAnya saurASTranI bhUmi uparathI maLI AvatA kahevAya; khIjI hakIkata ema che ke, A jIta naM. 17 vALAnA egaNIsamA vadhe che, tenuM rAjya 25 varSa cAlI i. sa. pU. 47mAM pUruM thAya che te hisAbe paNa sAla maLatI Ave che. eTale ceAsa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 1 277 hakIkata eTalI che ke vikramasaMvata ane zakasaMvatanI vaccenuM aMtara 135 vanuM che;' temAM vikramasaMvatanI Adi ApaNe (jue pu. 4, khaMDa 8) I. sa. pU. 57mAM thayAnuM sAbita karI ApyuM che. te hisAbe zakasaMvatanI Adi I. sa. 78mAM gaNI levI rahe. joke A samaya naM. 24, 25 vALAne lAgu paDe che. parantu uparanI je cAra dalIla naM. 17, 18nI tarapheNumAM jatI raju karAi che te cAre pAchI A 24, 25nI virUddha jatI gaNI levI paDaze. uparAMta ema paNu kahI zakAze ke zakasaMvatanA sthApaka viSe je mAnyatA pravartI rahI che temAMja aneka muzkelIe mAlUma paDI rahe che jene kAMIka khyAla ApaNe gata paricchede ApI cUkayA chIe tene paNa vicAra karavAja paDaze. chatAM evI paNa dalIla lAvI zakAze ke, zAlivAhana zakanA samaya (gata paricchedamAM vicArAyA pramANe) bhale nakkI na thai zake; paraMtu te sivAya kAM khIje zaka cAlyAnuM gaNI na zakAya ? ane tenA samaya I. sa. 78mAM TharAvI levAya ? matalaba ke zAlivAhananA zaka paNa judA ane I. sa. 78nA zaka paNa judA TharAvave. A bAbata vizeSa saMzeAdhanathI je niveDe Ave te kharA. ApaNe teA A pramANe sUcanA karIne atra aTakIzuM. A vaMzamAM jema aneka gaiAtamIputrA ane vAsiSThaputro thavAthI muzkelI ubhI thai che, tema vaLI krAIkanI sAthe temaja taddana ekAkI, pulumAvI zabda joDAela hAvAthI temAM vRddhi paNa thavA pAmI che, tema keTalIka saraLatA paNa thaI che ema svIkAravuM rahe che. A paratvenA ullekha gata paricchedemAM ApaNe karI gayA chIe. atyAre ATalA varSe paNu jyAre A sthiti pravartI rahI che tyAre, pUrve 5-75 varSe te| tethI paNa vadhAre anya vizeSa mAhitI thAya che ke kalaMka bhUMsI nAMkhavAnuM kArya saurASTranI bhUmi upara rUSabhadAttanA vaMzajone harAvavAthI thayuM che ane tenA samaya i. sa. pU. 52-3 gaNavA rahe che (juo pu.3, pariccheda 10), " (4) jue pu. 4, pR. 101 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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278 ] anya vizeSa mAhitI [ ekAdazama khaMDa guMcavaNabharI sthiti hovAnuM kalpI zakAya che. A maitamIputra yajJazrIne pitA jANa; athavA ApaNe catrapaNu ane tenA putra gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi je niyama karyo che ke gatamIputrane pitA vAsiddhivize pitAnuM maMtavya darzAvatAM I. sa. 1883 nA putra sAmAnya rIte hoya che, te AdhAre ema kahI 1 enTIkarI pu. 12. pra. ra7ramAM marahama zakAze ke catarapaNa vAsiddhiputra zAlivAhana te pitA, prAcyavidyAvizArada De. bhagavAnalAlajI kahe che ke ane maitamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi te putra; athavA "Yagna Shree Satkarni, the princely bIjI rIte goThavIne bolIe te A catura5NunA AMka scion or Chaturpana born of the jyAre ApaNe naM. 25 nA TharAvyA che tyAre gatamIGautamiqueen=caturapaNu (rAjA ) nI gautamI putra yajJazrIne AMka 26 mo kahevuM paDaze. vaLI TolemI (gotrI) rANInA peTe janmela kuMvara yajJazrI sAta- (Ptolemy) nAmanA prAcIna bhUgoLavettAe potAnA ", eTale temanuM kahevuM ema thAya che ke catuM paNa. samasamI tarIke e pulamAvI ane cakkaNane ullekha citrapaNa rAjAne gautamIgotrI rANI hatI, ane karyo che. teNe Apela vRttAMta uparathI De. myulare teNIne je putra te ja gAtamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi A pulumAvIne ja catrapaNuM hovAnuM ane caMNunA hatA. eTale ke catrapaNa pitA ane tyAthI tene samakAlIna tarIke gaNavAnuM munAsiba dhAratAM jaNAvyuM che putra; AmAMnA catrapaNu zabda upara che. myuhare ke "Under the circumstances the synTIkA karatAM ( juo te ja pRSTha. phaTanoTa naM. 1 ) chronism, Pulumavi and Chasthana orgloy , "Bhagwanlal's translation were contemporary rulers, which I am Chaturpana does not seem to me prepared to admit, cannot be made acceptable. It is very probable that the basis of chronology=vastusthiti the word 'Chaurchindho or Chaur- nihALatAM, pulumAvI ane cakaNune samakAlIna gaNIvindho' which Hemchandra in his vyA che te hakIkata mAre kabUla che, paraMtu te uparathI Deshikosha mentions as a synonym tene samayanI tAravaNI ubhI karI zakAya nahIM." of Salahana denotes the same person= matalaba ke pote TelemInA vAkya upara bharoso rAkhIne che. bhagavAnalAlano anuvAda catura paNa mane mAnya nathI. pulumAvIne ane e pulumAvIne ane ca9Nane samakAlina lekhavA taiyAra te zabda cauraci athavA cAraviMdho vizeSapaNe hovAnuM che paraMtu te bannene samaya (eTale ca9Nane I. sa. saMbhavita lAge che, jene hemacaMdra potAnA dezISamAM 150 AsapAsamAM thayela vidvAne mAne che te) zAlahANunuM bIjuM nAma hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che te ja A temane svIkArya nathI; kemake temaNe to AvAja nAmavyakti lAge che." eTale ke 5. bhagavAnalAlajIe je dhArI anya bhUpatine lipinA abhyAsathI cakaNunA zabdane ukela caturpaNa karyo che te Do. khulharanA samaya karatAM judA ja samaye thayAnuM TharAvyuM che mate cAraciMdho ke ciraviMdhe che. zrI hemaca pitAnA (juo paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 4, 5, I.) eTale zabdakeSamAM zAlAhaNa ( zAlivAhana joIe) tarIke svAbhAvika che ke te pulumAvInA samakAlina tarIke je purUSane darzAvyo che te ja A purUSa hovAnuM teo ca9Na na ja AvI zake. ane teTalA mATe ja temaNe mAne che. tAtparya e thayo ke zAlivAhana ne cora TolemInuM aDadhu kathana vAjabI TharAvyuM che jayAre aDadhuM ci tarIke zrI hemacaMdra saMbodhyo che te ja A vizvAsapAtra nathI gamyuM. paraMtu ApaNe saMyogAnusAra (5) A sthiti paMcama paride lekha naM 4 nA varNana dhArI levAyA che. upasthI jaNAI Avaze ke ekane badale bIje kevI rIte (6) jue che, e. pu. 12 (sane 1883) pU. raja, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturdazama paricheda ] gabhIla ane zatavahananA saMbaMdha vize [ ra7 kapanA daDAvIne je anumAna bAMdhIe tenA karatAM eka karatAM vizeSa pulumAvI thayAne na dhAravAthI lipi je graMthakAra potAnA samakAlina tarIke amuka vyakti ukelane lIdhe muMjhavaNa thaI hatI, tema De. repsanane tathA hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che te baMne eka ja vakhate temanA mata peThe caNavaMzInA saMvatane, I. sa. 78mAM astitva dharAvatA hovAthI tenuM kathana vadhAre vaja- zarU thayAnuM, sarva vidvAno je atyAre mAnI rahyA nadAra gaNAvuM joie. te sAmAnya niyame je ApaNe che temane paNa, te ja prakAranI muMjhavaNa thaI rahe che.. kAma levAnuM dhoraNa rAkhIe te tarata ja jaNAI kAraNake cakaNanuM maraNa tene saMvatanA bAvana varSanI Ave che ke eka ja pulumAvI thayo hevAne badale AsapAsa eTale 78+para I. sa. 130mAM thayAnuM vizeSa pulumAvI kAM na thayA hoya ane temAM anya teo mAne che. paraMtu pu. 4 mAM ApaNe ca9Na saMvatanI alamAvI caTTaNanA samakAlina tarIke thayo na hoya ? Adi I. sa. 103mAM thayAnuM je sAbita karI Ama karatAM tarata ja sarva prakAre dareka ghaDa maLI jAya che. batAvyuM che te pramANe hisAba gaNaze to ca9Na ane TelemIne AkhuM ye kathana satya hovAnI pratIti I. sa. 52+13=155 AsapAsa maraNa pAmele thAya che. che. repsana paNa te ja pramANe abhiprAya gaNAze, jethI TolemIne samakAlina hovAnuM saheje vyakta karatAM jaNAve che ke "Ptolemy at Ale- pUravAra thaI jAya che. ATalA vivAdathI sAbita thaI xandria in 139 A. D. has been living gayuM ke, catrapaNa vAsiddhiputra zAtakaraNinI pAchaLa after the death of Antonius Pius (161 gAdIe AvanAra tene putra gautamIputra yajJazrI pulaA. D.)....Pulumavi & Chasthan were mAvI hato ane vizeSamAM te pulamAvI. TolemI tathA contemporaries=je TolemI alekajhAMDrIA zahe- cakkaNane samakAlina paNa hato. ramAM I. sa. 10lmAM hatA, te enTeniyasa pAyasa ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke zaka prajAe avaM(jeno samaya I. sa. 161 che)nA maraNa bAda 5Nu ti pati gardabhIla rAjA gaMdharvasenane harAvI nasADI yAta hato...pulumAvI ane cakaNa samakAlina ja mUko tyAre tenA putre madada hatA." eTale ke TolemI pote 10 thI 161 sudhI gabhIla ane mATe dakSiNamAM pratiSThAnapura gayA ane te bAda paNa (keTalo vakhata te nathI jaNAvyuM) zatavahananA hatA. tyAMthI madada laIne, vaLatA haiyAta hato tathA te ane ca9Na samakAlinapaNe vartatA saMbaMdha vize humalo karI kArUra mukAme te ja hatA. A vAkayathI eTaluM spaSTa thAya che ke ca9Nane zakaprajAne kaccaraghANa vALI samaya paNa lagabhaga I. sa. 139 thI 162 sudhImAM nAMkhyo hato. A badhA uparathI phalita thAya che ke, kaI kAle ja hovo joIe. nahIM te TolemI gaIbhIlavaMzIone AMdhrapati sAthe ghaNI ja mitratA cakaNane potAnA samasamI tarIke oLakhAvI zake ja hovI joIe. tyAra bAda rAjA hAla vAsichiputre nahIM. temaja ja. . che. ra. e. so. navI AvRtti bhisA mukAme kAMI dAna karyAnI hakIkata banI che 5. 3, pR. 48mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "We shall tathA jainasAhitya graMthAdhAre saurASTranA zatruMjaya have to place Pulumavi who was a parvata upara banne rAjavaMzIoe sAthe rahIne keTalAMka contemporary of Chasthana long after dhArmika kAryo karAvyAM che. eTale je mitratA prathama A. D. 130=je pulumAvIne cakaNanA samakAlina hatI te kALakrame vizeSa gADha paNe pariNamI hatI. gayo che tene samaya I. sa. 130nI pachI paNa chatAM prabhAvakacaritra nAme jainasAhitya pranthamAM ra lai javo paDaze. eTale jema che. myulaharane evI jAtanuM lakhANa maLI Ave che ke, kALa gaye (7) jue che. A. 2 pAri. 48 tathA nA pari e lekha naM. 23. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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gabhIla ane zatavahananA saMbaMdha vize 280 ] vikrama rAjAne evI khAtamI kAI e ApI hatI ke tene jo kAI paNa rAjA taraphanA bhaya hAya ! kevaLa rAjA hAla zAlivAhananeA che. ane A rAjA hAlanI umara te vakhate ugatI juvAnInI--balke bAra tera varSanI heAvAnuM samajAya che. A uparathI vikrama rAjAe te zAlivAhana rAjA sAthe yuktithI dAstI sAdhI lIdhI ane eka bIjAe kAinA rAjya upara AkramaNa na karavuM tathA atipatie viMdhyAparvatanI dakSiNe na javuM ane AMdhrapatie tenI uttaramAM na AvavuM, evI matalabanI saMdhI karI. A kathanathI e sthiti niSpanna thAya che. eka e ke, rAjA vikrama ane hAlanI vacce umaramAM ghaNA moTA taphAvata che. pahelAnI umara lagabhaga 40 upara vahUnI thai gai che, jyAre khIjo haju khAra tera varSanA kizAra che; te bAda rAjA hAla gAdIpati bane che ane te bAda, upara pramANe saMdhi karI te paraspara mitra bane che. ane bIjI e Tru rAjA hAlanI sAthe saMdhI karanAra vikramarAjA je zakAranA nAmathI prasiddha che, te nahIM paNa tenA vaMzane kAI khIjo ja vikrama haze. A bemAMthI zuM sAcuM hAI zake te tapAsIe. prathamanI sthiti tapAsI laI e. temAM jaNAvyA pramANe vikrama rAjAnI tathA hAlanI vaccenI umara vacce dhaNA phera tA, te vikramane zakAri vikramAditya letAM paNa maLI rahe che. kemake i. sa. pU. 57 mAM kArUranuM yuddha thayuM te samaye zakAra vikramanI umara Azare 24 varSanI che ane tenI madadamAM utaranAra gautamIputra ariSTakarNanI umara Azare 40 nI che (jIe ekAdazama pariccheda). jyAre rAjA hAlanI eka gaNatrIe 15 varSanI ane khIjI gaNatrIe traNa cAra varSanI ja che (juo dvAdaza pariccheda). eTale banne samakAlina che ja, vaLI rAjA zAri jyAre I. sa. 3 mAM 84 varSanI umare maraNa pAmyA che te samaye rAjA hAlanI umara lagabhaga 60nI ane tenA rAjyakALa lagabhaga 50 varSe pahoMcyA hatA. eTale rAjA tarIke paNu samakAlina che ja. te ja pramANe jIMdagImAM teoe karela anya kAryomAM ekakhIjA sAmela rahyA haiAvAnuM paNa sAbita thaI zake che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ ekAdazama khaDa paraMtu mitrAcArI jo. pAchaLathI baMdhAI hAya tA enA artha ema karI zakAya ke, rA zarkArane je madada naM. 17 vALA ariSTaka gautamIputra ( eTale naM. 18 nA purAgAmIe ) karI hatI te pAchaLathI tUTI javA pAmI hatI ane pharI ekavAra rAjAhAlanA rAjyakALe saMdhAI hatI. A pramANe banyAneA kayAMya isArA mAtra paNa thaye| hAvAnuM vAMcavAmAM AvatuM nathI. jo ke rAjya pUrAvahanamAM tevuM asabhavita paNa nathI. para`tu vicArI jotAM tema banyAnuM zakaya nathI, kemake naM. 17 tuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 47 mAM thayuM tyAM sudhI te baMne rAjavaMzI vacce mitrAcArImAM leza mAtra paNa khalela paheAMcyAnuM kalpI zakAtuM nathI ane te bAda taratamAM ja hAla rAjAnuM gAdIpati banavuM thayuM che. jyAre peluM bhaviSyakathana-e rAjya vacce athaDAmaNu thavAnuM-tA rAjA hAla gAdIpati banyA te pahelAnuM kahevAya che. eTale te vAta naM. 17 vALAnI jIvaMta avasthAmAM thai gaNAya jema thavuM azakaya che. make, eka te rAjA hAlanI kumArAvasthA hatI eTale atipatine bhayabhIta kare tevI sthitimAM te nahAtA ane tema heAya te paNu naM. 17 vALA naM. 18 vALAne te bAbatanI sUcanA ApI zake che ane naM. 18 vALA te pramANe vartavAne baMdhAyalA ja kahevAya. A pramANe pahele saMjoga vicAratAM tathA vastusthitinI tulanA karatAM rAjA hAla vizenI athaDAmaNu thavAnuM kathana vAjo hAvAnuM pUravAra thatuM nathI. have khIjha sthiti jemAM gardabhIlavaMzI kAi khojo vikrama thayA hoya te tenA samakAlina tarIke rAjA hAla thayA DrAya te tapAsIe. bIjA vikrama tarIke te| vikramacaritra che. tenA samaya ApaNe I. sa. 13 thI 93 nA TharAvyA che jyAre rAjA hAlanuM maraNa ja I. sa. 18 mAM thai gayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. eTale prAthamika najare jotAM te e vacce samakAlinapaNuM kASTha rIte ghaTAvI zakAtuM nathI. vaLI je pAMca cha mahAna vyaktiopAdalipta, Arya khapura, nAgArjuna, I. juo ekAdazama paricchede-samasamayI hAvAnuM te ja jainasAhitya graMtha prabhAvakacaritra AdhAre kahevAyuM che, te muddo paNa www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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-- tA : caturdazama pariccheda ] gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi ura pulumAvI [ 281 baMdhabesata thato nathI. A pramANe aneka rIte gujarAta ane saurASTranA prAMtino paNa samAveza vicArI jotAM bIjI sthitine paNa meLa jAmI zakato thate hato ema gaNavuM rahe che. tathA tenuM maraNa I. sa. nathI. eTale e sAra upara AvavuM rahe che ke, 122 mAM thatAM, tene putra gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtabhaviSyavANInuM kathana nirAdhAra dekhAya che. karaNi gAdIe Avyo tyAre te sarva prAMte tene uparanI carcAthI spaSTapaNe puravAra thAya che ke, vArasAmAM maLyA hatA. ema 5Na samajavuM rahe che. mAMdhapati naM. 17 tathA 18 nA rAjyakALa sudhI te gardabhIlo prakhara mitrAcArInI sAMkaLathI joDAyelA hatA udde pulumAvI tema te nabhAvye paNa jatA hatA. sAmAnya niyama tenuM rAjya ApaNu gaNatrI pramANe I. sa. pramANe te khAsa kAraNa upasthita na thAya tyAM sudhI 122 thI 157=31 varSa paryata cAlyuM hovAnuM nIkaLe mitrAcArImAM vikSepa paDato nathI ja, paraMtu rAjyo che. teNe lAMbu rAjya bhogavyuM che eTale baLavAna vacce te sattAbha tathA bhUmibhUkhanA uddabhavane hAu hevAnuM paNa mAnI zakAya. paraMtu teNe kaI pradeza upara satata DokiyAM karate ubho ja hoya che. eTale jyAM caDAI laI jaIne ke chatI karIne potAnA sAmrAjyamAM sudhI baMne pradeza upara parAkramI ane prabhAvazALI pitAnA pitAnI peThe kAMI umeza karyo hovAnuM purUSo rAjayAsana dIpAvatA rahyA hatA tyAM sudhI to noMdhAyuM jaNAtuM nathI. baje vArasAmAM maLelI keTakaI prakAre vAMdho Avyo nahIM. paraMtu sadAkALa te ja lIka bhUmi teNe gumAvavI paDI hoya ema saMgAsthiti cAlu rahevAnuM nirmANa kAMI sarajAyuM hatuM dhIna pUravAra thAya che. chaThThA paricchede lekha naM. 21, nathI. je pakSa vadhAre baLavAna hoya te nabaLA upara 22 ane 23 uparathI samajAya che ke teNe pitAnA caDAI laI jAya che. I. sa. 97 mAM vikramacaritranA nAma sAthe svAmI' zabda joDayo che. tenA pachInA kaI avasAna bAda atinI gAdI upara uttarottara nAma- rAjAe A zabda-upanAma ke birUda tarIke-lagADo dhArI rAjAo ja AvatA dekhAya che, jyAre dakSiNuM- heAya ema jaNAtuM nathI. A zabdano artha zuM pathapati tarIke naM. 23, 24, 25 ane 26 ema haze temaja tene keAI rAjadvArI prasaMga sAthe meLa cAre bhUpatio cirasamayI rAjapade coMTI rahyAnuM haze ke kema, te paNa prazna uThe che. guptavaMzIonA samajAya che. eTale samajAya che ke I. sa. 93 nA hAthe hAra pAmyA bAda, cachaNuvaMzIonA uttara bhAgamAM samaya pachI rAjyAdhikAra bhogavatA naM. 25 vALA thaela bhUpationA itihAsathI ApaNe joI zakyA catrapaNanI dADha kAMIka caLavaLI lAge che. teNe prathama chIe, ke temaNe paNa pitAnA nAma sAthe "svAmI viMdhya parvata oLaMgI, lATane dakSiNa bhAga kabaje karI zabdano upayoga karyo che ane tene artha ekadama chevaTe saurASTra upara prabhutva meLavI lIdhuM che jeno uccakeTinI sattA uparathI jarA utarI paDayAne samaya ApaNe I. sa. 105 nA aMdAja mukIzuM. ApaNe batAvyo che. te sthiti ane baMdhabesatI A anumAnane sIdhI rIte (direct) samarthana kare thAya che ke kema te tapAsavA tarapha mana lalacAya che, tene koI zilAlekha ke proccAra che ke maLatuM vaLI A ja samaye ati upara cakaNunuM pitAnuM nathI, paraMtu sApekSa (indirect) sikkAI temaja svAmitva jAmatuM jatuM dekhAya che. tema gautamIputra zilAlekha pUrAvAthI te hakIkata pUravAra karI zakAya yajJazrInA keTalAka sikakAe saurASTranI bhUmi uparathI tema che, je ApaNe naM. 26 nA vRttAMte jaNAvavAnA je prApta thayA che te dekhAve prAcIna karatAM chIe. rAjA catrapaNe saurASTra jItI lIdhA pachI arvAcIna hovAne vizeSa saMbhava jaNAya che. vaLI kaccha tarapha te AgaLa vadhyo hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. jema ca9NuvaMzIo jaina dharmAvalaMbIo pUravAra thaI eTale na. 25 nA rAjyAdhikAre dakSiNApatha uparAMta cUkyA che tema A AMdravaMzIe 5NuM te ja dharmone Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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282 ] - te nAmanA rAjAonA sikkAo tathA lekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa anusaranArA mAluma paDayA che. vaLI saurASTranI bhUmi gautamIputra nAmanA ghaNuM rAjAo thaI gayA che. upara ja te jainadharmanAM pavitra sthaLe AvelAM che. tevA nAmanA sikakAo tathA zilAlekho paNa aneka temaja te samaye rAjAo je yuddho khelatA te meTe prakAranA maLI Ave che. temAMnA bhAge dharmasthaLa upara pitAne kAbu meLavavAne mATe te nAmanA rAjA. keTalAka sikkAone-gautamI hatA. A sarve paristhiti uparathI sahaja anumAna enA sikkAo putra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi nAmathaI zake che, ke rAjA caSThaNe I. sa. 143nI AsapAsa tathA lekhe vALAne-ApaNe naM. ranA avaMtipati banyA pachI saurASTra bhUmi upara caDAI karI TharAvyA che te to ' vAjabI che. haze. ane AMdhrapati pAsethI gujarAta tathA sArASTrane kemake temAM gautamIputra sAthe rAzo nuM birUda joDAyeluM pradeza jItI laI tyAMthI hAMkI kADhayA haze. je uparathI che. temaja zilAlekhomAM (jemake naM. 20 lekha, AMdhrapationo kAbu narmadA ane tApI nadIonI SaSThama paricchede ) tAbedArI ke utarate darajaje dakSiNethI zarUAta thavAnI aNIe AvI pahoMce sUcavatuM "svAmI " nuM ( khulAsA mATe AgaLa gaNAze. temaja rAjadvArI najare teo hAra pAmI gayA juo) birUda lagADela nahIM hovAthI te lekhane paNa hovAthI ke pachI te samayanI keAI paddhati pramANe naM. 2 | hevAnuM TharAvyuM che. A upanAma anya avaMtine khaDaNI bharavA jevI sthitie AvI gayA koI gautamIputra pitA sAthe joyuM hovAnuM mAluma hovAthI, temane potAnA nAma sAthe pele hoddo utArI paDatuM nathI. paratuM jemAM tevuM birUda nathI mAluma nAMkhela sUcavato 'svAmI' zabda joDavAnI pharaja AvI paDatuM tene pArakhavAnuM kAma ati muzkela che; tevAmAM paDI hoya. A anumAnane samarthana e uparathI maLI rahe paNa eka evI jAtanA sikkAo che ke jemAM che ke, ja, brAM. eN. ra. e. so.nI navI AvRttinA prathamanA nahapAnA caherA upara bIjI jAtanI chApa trIjA pustake pu. 84 upara tenA lekhakane jaNAvavuM mArI che. A sikkAo paNa cekasa rIte naM. 17 paDayuM che ke "and since Yagna Sri's coins vALA gautamIputranA ja TheravI zakAya tema che; kemake are found in Kathiawar, he must have have ApaNe tenA jIvanavRttAMtathI vAkepha thaI gayA been the last king of the dynasty to chIe. paraMtu je sikkAo upara gautamIputranuM kevaLa rule over these provinces=ane jyAre mAruM tathA nAma ja che ane je vizeSapaNe arvAcIna yazrInA sikkAo kAThiyAvADamAMthI maLI Ave che jevA jaNAya che (daSTAMta tarIke pu.2,sikkA naM 76) temane tyAre e sAbita thAya che ke, A prAMta upara rAja adyApi paryata mAhitInA abhAve ApaNe naM. 17nA calAvanAra te vaMzane te chelle bhUpati ja haze." sikkA tarIke jAhera karyA che te have uparanA varNanathI eTale have pUravAra thayuM kahevAze ke AMdhanI sattA- sAbita thAya che ke naM. 26nA ja che; jethI atyAra mAMthI khasIne cappaNanI sattAtaLe A samayathI sudhInI ApaNI mAnyatA pheravavAnI jarUra paDI gaNAze. gujarAta ane kAThiyAvADanI bhUmi AvI gaI hatI. A jAtanA sikkAo kevaLa saurASTranI bhUmi uparathI matalaba ke adhavaMzIonI je sattA vidhyAcaLa ja zA mATe jaDI Ave che tenuM kAraNa ApaNe oLaMgIne uttara hiMdamAM pravezavA pAmI hatI tenA uparamAM naM. 25 vALAnA jIvanavRttAMte joI gayA upara caThaNe avaMtipati banyA pachI tarata ja kApa chIe. vaLI pharIne jaNAvIzuM ke te bhUmi upara mUkavA mAM hato. balake kahe ke AMdhrapationI mULe gardabhIlapationI sattA hatI ane temaNe potAnA rAjayahada, pUrva jyAM hatI tyAM ja pAchI lAvI mUkI jainadharmanA prabhAvika sthAnanI-yAtrika temaja sthAnika hatI ane AgaLa upara joIzuM tema A samayathI prajAnA vyavahAranI vaparAza mATe ja te sikkAo AMdhrapationI paDatI dazA paNa thavA beThI hatI. calaNamAM mUkyA hovA joIe. tema pote avaMtipati Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturda zama paricchedde ] "6 DhAvAthI, te pradezanuM krosa ane ( vedhazALA sUcaka ) je cinha che te kAtarAveluM dekhAya che. jyAre te prAMta naM. 25 vALA catrapaNe jItI lIdhA tyAre svAbhAvika che ke teNe peAtAnA sikkA tyAM calAvavAnI peravI karavA mAMDI haze. te prakAranI gAThavaNu pAra paDI ke kema te atyAre te aMdhArAmAM che kemake tenA kAi sikkA jaDI AvatA nathI. eTale hAla te e ja anumAna karavuM rahe che ke tenI murAda pAra paDayA pahelAM tenuM maraNu nIpajI cUkayuM hovuM joie. eTale tema karavAnuM kArya tenA putra ane gAdIvArasa naM. 26nA zire AvI paDayuM haze je teNe amalamAM mUkI batAvyuM che. kAI prazna karaze ke jyAre eka vaMzanA bhUpatinI jamIna upara bIjA vaMzanI sattA thatAM A pramANe sikkAe vaparAya che tyAre, jema nahapANunA maheArA upara naM. 17 vALAe pAchuM peAtAnuM maheArUM paDAvIne tene amalamAM mUkayA hatA tema thavuM joIe. paraMtu A naM. 26 vALAe tema karyuM nathI mATe te sikkA temanA na heAvA joie. tenA samAdhAnamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke jene dRSTAMta temaNe AgaLa dharyAM che te kAMI, eka pradeza upara bIjAnI sattA thatAM, sikkAnI vaparAza thayelanA dRSTAMta ja nathI. temAM teA vijetAnA hRdayamAM, parAjIta pratye je uDa| asaMtASa athavA tiraskAra bharAI rahyo hateA tene vyakta karatI lAgaNInA AvirbhAva che. jyAre atyAre je prasaMgane ApaNe IsArA karI rahyA chIe temAM vijetApakSanA tevA krAi prakAranA dhRNAtmaka IrAdA DhAya tevuM jaNAvela nathI. temAM kevaLa prAdezika jItanA ja prazna rahela dekhAya che, eTale uparAuparI maheArUM pADavAnA muddo rahetA ja nathI; vaLI jo tevA niyama ja-ke eka vijetAe parAjItanA caherAne bhUMsavAne potAne cahere tenA upara ja paDAvavA evuM-rAvAya teA, eka pradeza upara keTalAya nRpationI sattAne hAcabo thaI jAya che; jethI uparanA niyamane anusarIne caherA paDAvAyA ja karAya te, eka te sikkAe ja dekhAve kheDALa khanI jAya ane kayA rAjAnA che te pArakhavA paNu bhAre aMtima AMdhrapati AAla " nuM paNa temAM saurASTranA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat zd [ 283 thaI jAya. eTale sAcA kyA ne khATA kaye te oLakhavuM paNa muzkela bane temaja vikrayanA je niyamane lIdhe sikkAne pracalita karAyA che te UMdhA vaLI jatAM, dareka prakAranI aMdhAdhuMdhI pravartavA maMDe. A prakAranI aneka guMcavAnI paraMparAnuM sarjana thAya. tema khIjI rIte, ApaNA vartamAna anubhava kahe che ke, ekanI sattA nAthuda thatAM adhikAre AvatA kevaLa khIjAnA caherAvALA ja sikakA gatimAM mUkAya che. pachI te navA adhikAre AvatI vyakti, purAgAmInA vaMzanI ja hoya, ke kAI prakAre saMbaMdha dharAvyA vinAnI kevaLa te bhUminI pedAza ja hAya, ke chevaTe bhalene, krAI taMtrIya bhUmithI utarI AvelI anya vyakti ja hAya. chatAM temAM ekanI AkRti vikRta karI nAMkhavAne leza mAtra paNa prayAsa karAtA nathI ja. eTale sarva paristhiMtanA vicAra karyAM bAda ApaNe prathama dorela anumAnane samarthana maLI rahe che ja. jethI nakkIpaNe kahI zakIzuM ke, je sikkAo saiArASTranI bhUmi uparathI gaitamIputranA nAmavALA ane arvAcIna dekhAtA caherAvALA maLI Ave che te, uparamAM carcA karI batAvela na. 26 vALAnA ja te tyAM jaNAvyA pramANe saMyeAgamAM ja ubhA karavAmAM Avela che. rAjA gaiAtamIputra svAmI yajJazrInuM maraNu thatAM tenI gAdIe tenA putra naM. 27 vALA zivazrI vAstiSThaputra AvyA hatA. (27) zIvazrI vAsipuitra, (28) zivaskala gautamIputra (29) yajJazrI zAtakaraNi vAsiSThaputra ( 30 thI 32 ) ane chellA traNa rAjA A chae rAjAonuM caritra ekatra karIne lakhavAnuM prayAjana e che ke, prathama teA temAMnA koinA rAjakALa vize ceAkkasa mAhitI maLatI nathI tema temAMnA krAie zuM zuM parAkrama karyuM hatuM te paNa jaNuAyuM nathI eTale teonAM caritrAmAMthI vINIne kAine dU pADavA jevuM rahetuM nathI, jethI samagrapaNe lakhavuM yAgya dhAryuM che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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aMtima AMdhrapatie [ ekAdazama khaMDa jema anya vaMzanA ItihAsamAM banatuM AvyuM caThaNane badale rUdradAmanane ja AbhArI hovuM joie. che ke jyAre paDatI dazA Ave tyAre kAMI eka taraphathI parantu vinAsaMkoce te pramANe uccArI zakAya tevI nathI AvatI. Miseries never come single sAmagrI maLI rahI nathI. uparanA sudarzana taLAvanI akamanA paDIo kANAM" te kahevata pramANe cAre prazasti sivAya A rUdradAmananuM nAma jaNAvava taraphathI evI saMkaDAmaNamAM teo AvI paDe che ane hoya tevo koI zilAlekha amArI mAhItImAM nathI. rAjyavyavasthAmAM eTalA badhA goTALA ane aMdhA- je eka gaNAya che te paMcama paricchede jaNAvela lekha dhUdhI ubhI thaI jAya che ke, zAMtinA samayamAM je naM. 17no kAI vAsiSThaputra rAjAnI kadaMba rANIne sukho anubhavAya che temAMnuM kAMI ja najare paDatuM kotarAvela che. paraMtu temAM nathI samaya nirdeza ke nathI nathI. AvI sthitimAM, nathI teone sukhacena, ke tenuM sthAna cokkasa thatuM. te paNa sudarzana lekhanI nathI temanI prajAne AnaMda ane rAhata. jyAre temanI peThe sazaka che. vidvAnoe te lekhamAM Avela rUdrasthiti ja AvI thaI paDela hoya tyAM temanA itihAsa zabdane rUdradAmana tarIke gaNI laI bIjI aneka vize te AzA ja zI rAkhavI? rIte zabdonA arthane vaLAMka Apyo che (tenI naM. 25, 26nA vRttAMte joI gayA chIe ke temanI samajutI mATe juo pacama paricchede lekha naM. 17) dazA ANanAra mukhyapaNe cakaNu vaMzIo ja hatA. eTale tenA AdhAre paNa ApaNe AgaLa vadhI zakIe prathama dhA chaNe poteja mAryo che ne temane uttara hiMda- tema nathI. paraMtu jema naM. 17vALAe pitAnA nAma mAMthI khasI javuM paDayuM che. joke eka ThekANe ApaNe sAthe svAmInuM birUda joDayuM che tema tenI pAchaLa ema paNa jaNAvI dIdhuM che ke caThaNe temane paiThaNamAMthI AvanArAe joyuM che ke kema! tene kAMI patto rAjagAdI khAlI karI TheTha dakSiNamAM tuMgabhadrA nadI lAge te hajI anumAna karI zakAya. jyAM sudhI mAhitI kinAre vijayanagare te laI javAnI pharaja paDI hatI. che tyAM sudhI te zabda lagADayAne pUrA nathI. tema eka ThekANe ema paNa jaNAvyuM che ke, rUdradAmane eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke, naM. 27nI pachI AvanAra temanA upara pUrepUro hAtha batAvyo hato. A badhuM rAjAo uparane avaMtipatine kAbu paNa nIkaLI pelA sudarzana taLAvanI prazastimAM lakhAyela zabdane gaye have joie. eTale phalitArtha e thAya ke, artha, rUdradAmananI tarapheNamAM je karAI gayo che tene kAMto rUdradAmane naM. 27vALA upara jIta meLavIne, ne. laine thayela che. eTale te pramANe pracalita mAnyatA 17 karInA tenA lekhavALA sthAnanI dakSiNe haThAvI che ema samajavuM rahe che. jyAre A cazmaNa ane devAthI tevaDA nAnakaDA rAjAne bhUpati banIne teNe rUdradAmananAM vRttAtamAM te prazastine zaMkAmaya tarIke pitAne zeSakALa vyatita karyo hoya athavA te naM. eALakhAvI che tyAre te upara AdhAra rAkhIne have 27vALAe pite ja rUdradAmanane harAvIne naM. 26vALA besI zakAze nahIM. tethI nizcayapaNe nathI kahI zakatA potAnA pitAe svIkAreluM svAmitva pheMkI dIdhuM hoya. ke, cakaThaNe je naM. 26 vALAne saurASTra ane guja. vastusthiti jotAM, jyAre AMdhrapatinI paDatI thavA rAtamAMthI uThAMgiri pakaDAvI hatI te kayAM AvIne lAgI che tyAre prathamanI sthiti vadhAre zakya lAge aTakI rahI hatI. paraMtu caThaNanA rAjya Teka che. matalaba e thaI ke, caMNavaMzIomAMnA ne vALA samayamAM ja aMta Avela che tathA tenI gAdIe teno rUdradAmane. naM. 27 vALA AMdhrapatine harAvIne dakSiNamAM pautra rUdradAmana Avyo che ane bahu lAMbo kALa haDI javAnI pharaja pADI hovI joIe. A hakIkatane rAjya bhogavI rahyo che, eTale kapI zakAya che ke, samarthana e vAtathI maLe che ke, rUdradAmana pachInA je koI vizeSa zuravIrapaNAnuM pagaluM bharIne AMdha- ceDA ja varSe thayela naM. 9vALA tenA vaMzajonA samaye patione dUra haDI javAnI pharaja pADI hoya te I. sa. 261mAM A nAsika chalA upara hakumata

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keTalIka paracuraNa Amate caturda zama pariccheda ] dra bhAgavatA temanA sukhe Izvaradatta abhira mahAkSatrapa manIne svataMtra thai kheDe che (jIe pu. 3, pR. 383-6) eTale sAbita thAya che ke naM. DhavALA dradAmanathI mAMDIne na. hanA rAjye I. sa. 261 sudhImAM tenA vaMzamAM thayela kAI rAjavIe krAIka kALe nAsika jIllAvALA (kanDerInA lekha jyAM Avela che te) pradeza jItI lIdhA heAvA joIe ja; ane te badhA kSatrAmAM rUdradAmana jevA kAi parAkramI nIvaDayAnuM nIkaLatuM nathI eTale A jItane yaza ApaNe rUdradAmananA phALe caDhAvI daie te khoTuM nahIM gaNuAya. A pramANe nakkI thaI zake che ke, rUdradAmane naM. 27vALAne parAjIta karIne haThAvyA haro ane pachI te prAMta upara adhikAra bhAgavavAne pAtA taraphathI AbhIrajAtinA sUbAnI nimaNUka karI haze. khIjI rIte vicAratAM naM. 3thI naM. 7 sudhInA cakhkhaNuvaMzI kSatrapeAmAM naM. 5 vALA siMha tathA naM. 7 vALA rUdrasena paNu, naM. 3 vALA rUdradAmana jevA mahAparAkamI thayA dekhAya che. eTale kadAca temanA rAjyakALe paNa AMdhrapati upara jIta meLavavAnuM saMbhavita che. ane tema banyuM hAya to naM 27 AMdhrapatine harAvyAne khale naM. 28ne harAvavAnuM mAnavuM paDaze. game tema TharAvavAmAM Ave paNa eTalI hakIkata ceAsa che ja ke, nAsika jIllAvALA pradeza caNu vaMzIonI hakumatamAM AvyA hatA kharA ja. pachI tene samaya naM. 3 rUdradAmananA, naM. pa vALA phdrasiMhanA ke naM. cha vALA senapahelAnA rAjyakALe TharAve| te vastu nAkhI che. sAthe eTaluM paNa satya che ke, naM. 7 vALA ztrasena pachI, te vaMzanA nakhaLA rAjyaamala thatAM je gaDabaDa thavA pAmI hatI tathA 158thI 160 sudhInA-traNa varSa sudhInA--kevaLa kSatrapanA ja sikkA maLe che paraMtu mahAkSatrapanA sikkA maLatA nathI, te samaye te AbhirasakhAoe svataMtra anI peAtAnA traikuTakavaMzanI sthApanA karI dIdhI hatI. joke vidvAnAe A 158 160nI sAlane (jIe kA. AM. raeN. pR. 214) zaMka saMvata lekhI temAM 78nA vadhArA karI I. sa. 236239 gaNavA prayAsa karyAM che paraMtu kAI rIte sthi tinA ukela karI zakAyA nathI ja. (jIe kre. - Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ pa 2. pR. 162 ane 133). jyAre ApaNe nakkI karI ApyA pramANe te ca saMvatanI Adi I. sa. 103mAM thayelanA hisAkhe tene samaya I. sa. 261264 TharAvatAM sarva krUDa khesI jAya che, eTale upara jaNAvela vastu aitihAsika ghaTanA tarIke satya pUravAra thayelI tathA I. sa. 262mAM AMtrarvasanA aMta AvyA heAvAnuM samajavuM rahe che. lekha naM. 17mAM kAika vAsipuitranI rANIne kArakramaka mahAkSatrapa rUdra...nI putrI lekhAvI che. tenA ukela vidyAnAe ema karyo che ke te kArakramaka mahAkSatrapa rU.... eTale caNunA pautra mahAkSatraparUdradAmana hatA teNe potAnI putrI AMdhrapati vAsiSThiputrane paraNAvI hatI. A ukela kevI rIte vAjakhI nathI tenI carcA paMcama paricchede te lekhanuM varNana karatAM ApaNe savistara karI batAvI che. eTale te rIte atra utArathI jarUranI nathI. paraMtu tenA sAra e che ke, vAsiSThaputranI te rANI kAI kadaMbakSatriya saradAranI putrI hatI, te saradAranuM nAma mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUti ke rUdra nAmathI zarU thatA akSaravALuM hatuM. te saradAra te samaye sainyapati hatA ane saMbhava che ke jema traikUTavaMzanI sthApanA karanAra Abhira saradAra mahAkSatrapa Izvaradatta, pote caRNuvaMzI mahAkSatrapone sUA hatA, tema upara jaNAvela mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUti paNa ! te ja Abhira jAtinA saradAra haraze. eTale te samaye Abhira jAtinA saradArA rAjyamAM sUkhA ane sainyapati jevA moTA DhAddAne zeAbhAvatA hatA tathA mahAkSatrapanuM birUda paNa dharAvatA hatA. A vAsipuitrane ApaNe naM. 29 vALA tripati TharAvela che eTale mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUtinA samaya paNa tenA samakAlIna tarIke I. sa. 200tA TharAvavA paDaze, jyAre mahAkSatrapa IzvaradattanuM rAjyazAsana ApaNe I. sa. 261thI zarU thayAnuM TharAvyuM che. eTale banne jaNA vacce jo ke lagabhaga 60-70 varSanuM aMtara che. paraMtu eka prajAnA saradAra tarIke ane mahAkSatrapa jevA javAbadAra haidA upara birAjavAnA keTalIka paracuraNa mAmatA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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286 ] keTalIka paracuraNa bAbate [ ekAdazama khaMDa samayane niradhAra karavAnI gaNatrInA upayoga mATe rAjyakALanA AraMbhanI sAlathI lekhI, tene saMvata teone samasamayI paNa kahI zakAze. matalaba ke calAvyo che ane teno samaya vidvAnoe I. sa. Abhira jAtinA saradArano caDatIne kALa A samaye 249 nAMkhe che. A sarva carcA pu. 3 ekAjarUra mUkI zakAze. dazama paricchede karI batAvI che. A abhirapatinI bIjI bAju purANakAre jaNAve che ke (juo sattA nAsika challo ane tenI AsapAsanA pradeza pu. 3; pR. 355, TI. naM. 13) That seven upara vistarAI che. te vaMzano aMta kayAre A Andhra kings sprang from the serva- ane temAM keTalA rAjA thayA te je ke jaNAyuM nathI. nts of the original dynasty=mULavaMzanA paraMtu eTaluM to ApaNe jANIe chIe ja ke, guptabhromAMthI sAta AMdhrarAjAne uddabhava thaye che." vaMzIo avaMtipati thayA bAda temaNe dakSiNahiMda maLaza eTale zatavahanavaMza kahevAno matalaba che. jItavA tarapha dhyAna deryuM hatuM ne temAMnA caMdragupta tenA bhatyo kahetAM AMdhrabhatyAM samajAya che. ane bIjAe uphe vikramAditya bIjAe te jItI laIne temAMthI sAta AMdhrapatio thayA. A sarva kathana je pitAnA kabajAmAM A hato. tene samaya Azare ke saMdigdha lAge che ane kharekhara zuM matalaba kahe- I. sa. 400ne gaNAya che. jyAre dakSiNahiMda teNe vAnI che te samajAtuM nathI chatAM, jema A pustakanA jItI lIdhAnuM nakkI che tyAre samajavuM ja paDaze ke prathama paricachede AMdhrabhUtyAnI je vyAkhyA tatvArtha nAsika jalAvALo bhAga te teNe jItI lIdhe samAsanA arthamAM ApaNe samajAvI che te pramANe hate ja ane tema thatAM Abhirapatiene paNa jItI koI uparI sattAnA khaMDiyA evA AMdhrapati tarIke lIdhA kahevAze. sAra e nIkaLyo ke I. sa. 249thI lekhIe te naM. 26vALa AMdhrapati jeNe potAne mAMDIne I. sa. 400 sudhInA Azare 110 varSanA svAmi'nA birUdathI oLakhAvyo che eno artha gALAmAM agiyAra Abhirapati thayA hatA. A ApaNe kAMIka utaratA darajajAne rAjA manAvyo che tene anusaMdhAna paNa sughaTita dekhAya che. prathama AMdhrabhUtya gaNa ane pachInA bIjA che, jema AMdhrapatimAMthI, rUkabhUti I. AbhirA-temanA maLIne kula sAta AMdhrabhUtyA thayA hatA ema paNa AMdhrabhUtyA tarIke gaNAya che, tema Izvaradata Adi gaNAvI zakAya, paraMtu AMdhratyane artha bahuvihI Abhiro ca%NavaMzanA bhUtya lekhAyA che. te vaMzanI samAsanA rUpamAM laIne je karavAmAM Ave che, A guptavaMzIoe nAbudI karI nAMkhI eTale vaLI teo zatavahanavaMzI-mULa AMdhrapati-rAjAomAMthI, temanA caSThavaMzInA maTIne pAcho guptavaMzIonA bhatye kRtya tarIke sAta puru thayA hatA ema phalitArtha thayA. A sthitimAM paNa teo te vaMzanA aMta thAya ane te pramANe artha karatAM, uparanA mahAkSatrapa sudhI rahyA che. ane jyAre teno aMta Avyo tyAre rUdrabhUti jevA sAta AMdhrabhAtyA thayA hatA ema kahe- te vakhatanA temanA Abhira saradAra dharasene (juo vAne Azaya nIkaLI zake che. A pramANe atra pu. 3, pR. 377 tathA A pustake pR. 268 thI AgaLa) nirdiSTa thayela AMdhrabhatyAne lagatA vAkayano marma uke- pAchI svataMtra banI potAnI rAjasattA sthApI che. A lavA pUratuM amAruM sUcana che. A pramANe Abhira saradArane lalATe kema jANe bhAratIya vaLI AMdhavaMzanI paDatI thatAM temAMthI daza Abhira ItihAsamAM mRtyapaNe rahevAnuM ja sarajAyeluM na hoya rAjAo thayA hatA ema ke. . . mAM kathana. tevI vastusthiti najare tarI Ave che. thayuM che. tene bheda amArI samaja pramANe A puravaNI rIte ukelI zakAze. izvaradatta Abhirapatie potAnA pravezIonA itihAsamAM sauthI vadhAre matavaMzanI sthApanA, pitAnA pitA IzvarasenanA bhedavALI je hakIkata meM raju karI che te zakasaMvata Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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caturdazama pariccheda ] sabaMdhI che. zakasaMvatane keTalAka taraphathI zAlivAhana zAka paNa kahevAya che ane tenI Adi vi. saM. 135 I. sa. 78 mAM thayelI manAtI AvI che. jyAre mArA mata pramANe zakasaMvatane zAlivAhana rAjA sAthe kAI jAtane saMbaMdha ja nathI eTale pachI tenA samaya paratve te kahevuM ja zuM ? zAlivAhanane samaya te| vikramasaMvatanA sthApaka zakAra vikramAdityanA samayanA ja che ane jainagraMthathI mAluma paDe che ke zAlivAhananA saMvatanI Adi ma, saM. 496=vi. saM. 26 mAM thai che eTale te hakIkata mArA matane TekArUpa thaI paDatI jaNAya che. A pramANe mAruM maMtavya che. parantu sAmAnyapaNe ema mata baMdhAI gayA che ke, zakasaMvata tA I. sa. 78 mAM sthApita thayA che ane tenA sthApaka rAjA hAla zAlivAhana che. amane te mAnavAne kAI jAtanA pUrAve maLyA nathI. banavA joga che ke, jema aneka hakIkateA ekanA nAma uparathI utArIne bIjAnA nAme caDAvAI gaI che tema, zasavatanA pravartakane aMge paNa khanavA pAmyuM hAya. te tA jyAre prakAzamAM Ave tyAre kharUM. paraMtu zakasaMvatane praNetA zAlivAhana ja hAya ne tene prArambha I. sa. 78 thI ja thayela hAya teA pR. 40 upara Apela vaMzAvaLImAM nIce pramANe pheraphAra karI levA. jo ke tema karatAM rAjAone anukrama naMbara pheravAze chatAM je rAjAnuM nAma ApIne tenuM vRttAMta lakhAyuM che tenA ja nAme te saRRLu' mAnI levAmAM kAMi phera paDavAnA nathI. vastutaH vRttAMta lagabhaga tene te svarUpamAM kAyama ja raheze. prathamanA sALa rAjA pR. 37 nI vaMzAvaLI pramANe : tyArapachI (17) ariSTakarNa i. sa. pU. ra 40 25 (18) pulumAvI 47 I. sa. 3 pu (19) maMtalaka 8 5 (20) puriMdrasena 3 . 29 21 (21) suMdara 29 40 11 (22) cakAra 40 40 ka mAsa (23) zivasvAti 40 78 38 78 137 para (24) catraNa hAla vAsioiputra 22 i. sa. keTalIka paracuraNa mAmatA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat (25) gautamIputra yajJa zrI zAtakaraNi [ 287 137 165 28 182 199 17 30 (26) zAtakaraNi vAsipuitra (27) zivazrI pulAmA (28) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi 199 229 (29-30-31) traNa rAjA 229 261 [neTasa--naM. 25nI dInI tathA vaMzanA aMtanI sAla lagabhaga nakakI samajavI. bIjI sAlA kAlpanika karAvAyalI samajavI. 33 165 182 17 naM. 26ma! rAjAne samaya I. sa. 122-153 (pR. 43) lakhyA che. paraMtu tenA nAmanA zilAlekha maLyuM che te temAM AlekhAyelI hakIkatane AdhAre tenA rAjyanA sAtamA varSathI tene atipati caSThaSNunA mAMDalika gaNAvavA paDayA che eTale te. khanAvanA samayanI gaNutrI laine na, 26nA samaya pheravavA paDe che je I. sa. 137nI 165 TharAvuM chuM. AMdhrabhRtyA vizenI keTalIka mAnyatA (jo ke saMdigdha zabdamAM jAhera thaI che chatAM)nI noMdha cAdamA paricchedanA aMte meM lIdhI che, te mAnyatA pUrvenA paricchedamAM Apela varNana karatAM joke judI paDe che paraMtu ema samajavuM rahe che ke zatavahanavaMzanI AdimAM jema sAta AMtrabhRtyA thayA hatA tema aMtamAM paN sAta thayA hatA. tenI gaNanAmAM samAtI vyaktie judI, para'tu temanI vyAkhyA te je pramANe samajAvI che te pramANe ja. temAM phera nathI. naM. 23thI chelle sudhI A vaMzanA rAjAoe vaidikamata grahaNa karyAM hatA evuM vidhAna karAyuM che te paNa pheravavuM paDaze. temaja rAjA caSNune avaMtipati thayAnuM I. sa. 143mAM noMdhAyuM che, paraMtu jainasAhityamAM rAjA nAhaDa paramAre jigara hAthe aMjanazalAkA karAvyAnuM je nIkaLe che ane jenI sAla ma. sa. 670I. sa. 144 thai zake che te vAstavika ja hAya tA, caNu mATenI tArIkha I. sa. 144 3 45 laI javI paDaze. ATalA ullekha sivAya khIjI kAI mAMdha levI rahetI nathI ]. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prAcIna bhAratavarSa ne aMge uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo saMzodhananuM kArya ja evuM che ke, bhalabhalA nAmAMkita nahIM kahevAya tema anyathA paNa nahIM kahevAya. jyAre vidvAnoe bahAra pADela nirNaya paNa anya sAmagrI daMtakathA haze te khoTI TharAvI zakAze. zilAlekha upalabdha thatAM pheravAI jAya che. paraMtu tethI prathamanA ane sikkAlekhana lipittanI madadathI anya ukela nirNayanA sarjanahArane, pote vidyA premane aMge ja zrama karAvI zakAze. tema anya prAdezika ghaTanAomAM eka UThAvyo hovAne lIdhe, kAMI glAni thatI nathI. ulaTa nAmadhArI vizeSa vyaktionuM astitva sUcavI ke pitAne vizeSa jJAna maLavAthe AnaMdita bane che ane tevA ja prakAranuM anya AropaNa karI. mULa hakIkatane je sAmagrIe mULa nirNayanuM svarUpa palaTAvavAmAM bhAga AgaLa pAchaLa laI jaI zakAze. kevaLa AMkaDAnI bhajavyo hoya che, tene jIjJAsuvRttithI tapAsavA maMDI gaNatrIe bAMdhela nirNaya ja eka evI vastu che ke paDe che. itihAsanA saMzodhananA kAryamAM pAMca vastu tene koI rIte hacamacAvI zakAtI nathI. A bAbatamAM nyunAdhikapaNe upayogI thatI manAI che. (1) daMtakathAo pelA samartha marahuma itihAsakAra mi. vinsenTa smitha (2) zilAlekha (3) sikkAo (4) anya prAdezika eTale sudhI AgaLa vadhIne kahe che ke "A body itihAsanI, vyAkaraNanI, ke anya prakAranI sarakhAmaNI of history must be supported upon a karI zakAya tevI ghaTanAo ane (5) samayadarzaka skeleton of chronology and without AMkaDAo, samayAvaLI. je koI nirNayane uparanI pAMca chronology history is impossible=Itivastuone Take maLI jato hoya te sarvathA aphara ja hAsanA pUladehane-ImAratane-hamezAM sAlavArInA rahe. paraMtu ochI vadhatI vastuothI ja je samarthana (khakhAne) AdhAra he ja joIe. tevI salavArI maLatuM hoya to prathama dRSTie kahI zakAya ke, jeTaluM vinA itihAsa ubho kare tadana azakya che." A vadhAre samarthana teTaluM vadhAre sArUM. chatAM dareka prakAranI pramANe ItihAsa saMzodhanamAM kArya karI rahelI vastuonuM vastunuM mUla eka sarakhuM na hovAthI, vadhAre sajajaDa pArasparika tulanAe mUlyAMkana samajAyeluM gaNAya che. gaNatI eka vastune ja Teke heAya to paNa te vizeSa A pustaka AlekhananuM kArya hAtha dharyuM tyArathI vajanadAra thaI paDavA saMbhava rahe che. jemake samayadarzaka samayadarzaka AMkaDA upara meM bahu ja moTe madAra AMkaDAothI je nirNaya upara avAya tene, bAkInA bAMdhIne kAma lIdhuM che. ane bAkInA cAra cAre prakAranI sAmagrIne Teke hAya yA nahIM, te paNa pUrAvA upara joke AdhAra te rAkhyo che ja paraMtu harakata nathI AvatI; kemake AMkaDAnI gaNanA gaNita- AMkaDA karatAM ochA ja. jethI karIne je je nirNaya zAstra upara che, ne temAM koInAthI paNa mIna ke meSa upara huM AvI zakayo chuM tenA upara ekasAInI karI zakAtuM ja nathI. pAMcane pAMca hamezAM daza ja ane makkamapaNAnI chApa vizeSapaNe darzAvI rahyo chuM. kahevAya. kadApi tene nava paNa na kahevAya, tema agiyAre tema bIjA prakAranA anya pUrAvAnI vizeSa jarUra na 37.

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe 290 ] gaNatAM, athavA te| atizayeAkatInA bhayane lIdhe AgaLa dhapavAnuM ja ceAgya mAnI lIdhuM che. A prakAranI kArya patine game te nAmathI eLakhavAmAM Ave, paraMtu tema karavA jatAM je bhIti aMtaramAM saceta thaI hatI tenA radiyA pazu prathama pustakanI prastAvanAmAM jaNAvI dIdhA che. have te pustakA bahAra paDI cUkayAM che. abhyAsakrAnI dRSTi te pratye AkarSAI che. akhabArAmAM avalAkanA paNa AvyAM che. tenI saMkhyA 60 uparAMtanI lagabhaga thavA jAya che. uparAMta keTalAka sAthe rUbarUmAM carcA paNa karI che, jema keTalAMka carcApatra AvyAM che, tema prazno paNa pUchAyA che. je bhIti rAkhI hatI te eka yA bIjA svarUpamAM ke vadhate ekke aMze vAstavika paNa karI che. have lekhanakArya pUrUM thayuM che eTale TIkAkArAne, praznakArane I. je kAI temAM rasa lai rahyuM DrAya temane saMteAjavAnA mArA dharma mAnuM chuM. saMteASa pamADavAnI paddhati bAbata, pRthakkaraNa e rIte karI zakAzeH (1) kartAne AzrayIte (2) ane viSayane AzrayIne. kartAmAM pAchA be vibhAga (a) te viSayamAM niSNAta gaNAya te (ba) ane niSNAta eTale patrakAra Adi. niSNAteAnA abhiprAyA jarUra vajanadAra gaNAya ja, paraMtu teonAM maMtavyo amuka prakAre baMdhAI gayela hAvAthI kAi vakhate ekapakSo thaI javA saMbhava che. jyAre patrakAra sAmAnya rIte taTastha dRSTivALA hAvAthI temanA abhiprAya vadhAre niSpakSI lekhavA rahe che. patrakArAmAM lagabhaga sarve ekamatI thayA che. jyAre niSNAta evA vadyAnAmAMthI-lagabhaga aDadhA Dajhana che temAMthI-eke, tA pustakA joyAM ja nathI, pachI vAMcavAnuM te rahyuM ja kayAM, chatAM kahI dIdhuM che ke pustaka sArUM nathI. tevA ja bIjA niSNAte dRSTAMta ke dalIla ApyA sivAya ja prakAzanane jAhera rIte utArI pa!DayuM che. jyAre eka niSNAta * gaNAtI saMsthAe pustakane dRSTimAM lIdhA sivAya ja, kevaLa pakSapAtI vyaktinA kahevA uparathI svataMtra avalAkananA nAmathI prasiddha karI dIdhuM che. A traNemAM khUbI e thaI che ke te traNenA darajo AvA viSayamAM sarvoparI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ prAcIna jevA gaNavAmAM Ave che. ATaluM kartAne AzrayIne thayuM. have viSaya paratve jaNAvatAM, tenA paNa e bhAga paDAze. eka dAkhalAdalIla sAthe ane bIjo medhama rIte darzAvAyelanA dAkhalAdalIlavALAnA khuTTAsA AgaLa jatAM ceAthA (4) vibhAge, ane meAdhamavALAnA A nIcenA prathama (1) vibhAge ja ApyA che. dhArUM chuM ke te prakAranA mArA vaktavyathI sarvane saMteSa maLaze. medhama TIkAo A pramANe thaI cheH---- (1) pustaka critically=savaLI avaLI dalIlA sahita, taiyAra thayuM nathI. eka gaNatrIe A kathana vAjabI che, bIjI gaNatrIe geravAjakhkhI che. vAjakhI eTalA mATe ke prathama te AkhuM pustaka kevaLa ucca zikSitA mATe ja na lakhatAM, sAmAnya janatA paNa rasapUrvaka vAMce, tevA banne uddeza dhyAnamAM rAkhyA che; jethI karIne vidvAne, saMzAdhanakAryamAM maMDayA rahenAra tathA ucca parIkSAnA abhyAsIe mATe, khAsa zUTaneTavALA bhAga ane sAmAnya vAcaka mATe mukhya lakhANavALA bhAga rAkhyA che. temaja vAcana zuSka thaI na paDe te sArU, avAranavAra itihAsane madadarUpa thai paDe tevA nAnA phakarAo, saMvAdo ke ke daMtakathAonA upayAgI bhAgA dAkhala karyAM che. vaLI jene krITIkalI taiyAra karAyalAM pustako kahevAya che temAM je paddhatie kAma levAyuM hAya che, te anizcita pariNAmadAyI lAgavAthI (jue phakarA naM. 2, 10, I.) meM judI ja rIta grahaNa karelI che. A e dRSTie nihALanArane krITIkalI lakhAyuM nathI ema dekhAya te svAbhAvika che. jyAre bIjI rIte krITIkala kahI zakAya tema che. kemake, atyAra sudhI vidvAnee savaLI avaLI dalIla tathA pUrAvA taLI teLIne je nirNayA bAMdhyA che tene meM svIkArI lai temanAthI jyAM jyAM mabhinnatA mane rRkhAI, tyAM tyAM ja kevaLa tenA eka be mukhya pUrAvA (vizeSa na ApavA mATe nIcenI dalIla naM. 2 jIe) I. ApIne te sAbita karI apAI che. vaLI pratyeka pRSThe navI navI mAhitI ja bharela hovAthI, jema khAsa nibaMdha lakhanAra peAtAnA viSayane aneka puSTi ApatI www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] hakIkata tathA pUrAvAthI bharapUra banAve che, tema A pustakane jo taiyAra karavAmAM Ave te, tenA kadanI kAI sImA ja na rahe. A muddA dhyAnamAM rakhAze te! AkhuMye pustaka, virUddha ane tarapheNanA pUrAvA tapAsIne, temaja samarthana karatA mukhya pUrAvAo ApIne, krITIkalI taiyAra karyuM che ema paNa lAgyA vinA raheze ja nahIM. [ 291 vizeSa mahattva ApavuM rahe che. ane te niyama strIkArI laIne meM kAma lIdhuM che. eTale ja jyAM samayadarzaka eka athavA e jeTalI paNa sAbitI maLI rahI tyAM kAma pUrUM thayAne saMtoSa pakaDI AgaLa vadhavAnuM durasta dhAryuM che ane jyAM tevI sthiti nathI prApta thaI tyAM aneka patrakAreAe jaNAvyA pramANe 'ample quotations & discussions=puSkaLa utArA ane carcA' karIne, viSayane bane teTale nyAya ApavA prayAsa senyeA che. (2) pUrAvAo khAtrI karAvI Ape tevA (convincing)nathI. AveA mata uccAranAranI gaNatrI jo ema hAya ke, pUrAvAnI saMkhyA jema vizeSa tema uparAMta jemanAM jemanAM nAma (lagabhaga aDhI nirNaya paNa vizeSa majabUta;te kahevuM paDaze ke te kevaLa Dajhana tA haze ja) sUcavAyAM, temane khAtrI (convince) bhIMta ja bhUlatA dekhAya che. kemake daMtakathA, zilAlekha, karAvavAnA irAdAthI rUbarU maLavAnI taka paNu javA dIdhI sikkAnI hakIkata tathA anya aitihAsika samaya nathI. AmAMthI ekAda apavAda sivAyanA sadhaLAoe paratvenA aneka prAdezika banAvo, game teTalA baMdha-kAine krAi bahAnAM taLe carcA karavAnI vAta ja uDAvI besatA dekhADI zakAtA hAya, chatAM jo te sAlavArInA dIdhI hatI. jemaNe icchA batAvI temane, mArI dalIAMkane (chronology) saMteSI na zakatA hAya, tAlAthI mAhitagAra thavA mATe pustakanI sagavaDa karI tevA hArA pUrAvA karatAM samayadarzaka sAbitI ApI hatI tathA amuka prazna upara vivAda karavAnI dhruvaLa e cAraja hAya tApaNa, tenI nizcitatA vadhAre icchA jaNAvatAM, mArAM pustakamAMnAM tene lagatAM pRSTho saceATa kahI zakAze. jemake I. sa. pU. 327mAM batAvI, te mATenI mulAkAtanA samaya gADhavI lIdhA jyAre alekjhAMDara dhI greITa hiMdamAM AvyA, tyAre hatA. AvI traNa traNa mulAkAteA sudhI teA pustakA magadhapati tarIke je rAkhta birAjatA hoya te ja tene vAMcyA vinA ja paDayAM rahyAM. chevaTe upalaka daSTithI samakAlIna heAvAnuM gaNI zakAya. pachI te caMdragupta heAya, prazna carcyA. A vivecana karI kAine deSa devAnA mArA biMdusAra DrAya ke azAkavardhana heAya; ane tenuM ja irAdo nathIja. paraMtu te uparathI manuSya svabhAvanuM nAma saMDra kATasa gaNI zakAze, paraMtu uccAranI sAmyatA darzana karI zakAya che. ane kAma karanArane kevA kaparA mAnI lai, tene caMdragupta TharAvavA ane tene meLa saMyeAgAmAMthI pasAra thavuM paDe che. tenA khyAla pazu utAravA daMtakathAne Azraya levA ane Ama haze ne vAcakavargane Avaze. vaLI eka bIjI jAtanA varga tema haze, ke Ama hAvuM joIe ne tema hevuM joIe, paNu che. te mATe AgaLa jaNAvelI badhI dalIlA tevI ADI avaLI dalIlA karavI te bahu vajanadAra vAMcA, temAM paNu khAsakarIne naM, 12nI. nahIM lekhAya. eka bAju daMtakathAnI kiMmata-uparamAM itihAsa racavAnI je pAMca sAmagrIonuM pAraspArika mulyAMkana dArI batAvyuM che temAM--sauthI utaratI ane samayAvaLInI sauthI zreSTha gaNAvI che, jyAre pAchI teja daMtakathAnA AdhAre moTA madAra khAMdhIne vAda karyA karavA tenA artha zuM ? TUMkamAM kahevAnuM ke pUrAvAnI saMkhyA (quantity of evidence) karatAM tenA prakAra-jAta (quality of evidence) upara 3. keTalAke svadharmAbhimAnI (fanatic), dharmAdha ( bigot ), haThIlA-svamatAgrahI ( dogmatic ), turaMgI--tArI (fantastic) ane pakSapAtI-ekataraphI (partial) tathA tene maLatAM anya vizeSaNAthI mane navAjavA maherabAnI karI che. jenI pAsenA khajAnAmAM jene vadhArA heAya tenuM dAna te ApI zake che, temAM mAre--temaja kAie-vAMdhA levAne hAya ja nahIM. paraMtu jaNAvavAnuM ke, kAi paNa itihAsakAra,

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo 292 ] pu. 2 nI AdimAM-maMgaLAcaraNamAM-je sUtra me TAMkI batAvyuM che, tadanusAra taTastha vRttieja kAma levuM joie ema huM te| mAnanArA chuM. ane te sUtra hamezAM dRSTi samIpa rAkhIne ja, mArA kAryamAM pravRtta rahyo chuM. paraMtu huM jainadharmonuyAyI haiAvAthI--temaja je samayane tihAsa A graMthamAM varNavAyA che te AkhAya samaya, sArAye bhAratavarSamAM, jainadharma pradhAnapade hAine-khaka te rAjadharma thai paDela heAvAthI, tevI sthiti mATe cItaravI paDI che, temAM mArA doSa keTale? athavA AvA AkSepa mUkanArane pUchavAnI rajA lauM chuM ke, je sthiti phrAI lekhakane dIvA jevI spaSTa lAge, te zuM teNe gAvI rAkhIne vAcakanA manaraMjanArthe anyathA lakhyuM javuM? athavA mArI jagyAe kASTa anyadharmI-pArasI,upayegamAM levAya che, tevA bhAvamAM te samaye tenA upayoga ja thatA nahAtA. eTale ke kAmIbhedabhAva, ke uzkeraNInA rUpamAM tene kadApI lekhAtA nahAtA. atyAre sarva kAryanuM mUlyAMkana, Arthika gaNutrIe aMkAtuM heAvAthI, dareke dareka vastunI kiMmata, rUpiyA, AnA, pAInA hisAbe ja mUkAya che; ane jema eka vastunI kiMmata vizeSa rUpiyAmAM aMkAya tema tenI upayeAgitAnuM dhAraNu vizeSapaNe lekhAtuM rahe che. A badhI Adhibhautika dazA sUcave che. te AleAka jIvananI aihIka manettinI parAkASTA sucave che. jyAre prAcIna samaye dharmane AlAkajIvana sAthe aMtaraMga saMbaMdha nahAtA lekhAtA. tene te vizeSapaNe paralAkajIvana sAthe tenA utkarSa-apakarSanA kAraNabhUta lekhI anusaravAnuM lekhAtuM; ke jethI mANasanuM A khristI ke muslImabaMdhu-aAta te temane tee zuM kaheta ? athavA meM dharmAvezamAM AvI jai, zuM kArla anya paMthane apamAnajanaka ke hiNapata lagADatA zabdo vAparyAM che OM "he is not offensive in his language bhASA vAparavAmAM lekhaka krodhI-gunAhita nathI, bhASAmAM ahu saMyama jALavyeA che," ema je madrAsanA dhI hiMdu patra ( The Hindu) spaSTapaNe jaNAvyuM che. te zuM khATuM che ? chatAM eka vAta te spaSTa che ke, nirNayA upara AvavAne meM pUrAvA ane dalIlA te ApyAM ja che, te krAi jAtanA AkSepa mUkavA karatAM, kAM tene teo tapAsatA nathI ke, sAmI dalIla ApI khaMDana karatA nathI ! te mArga te sarva mATe khullA che ja ! AkhuM jIvana, jema bane tema AtmakalyANunA mArgarUpe vahe, tathA jene saMyAgAe yArI ApI hoya teo sAthe sAthe paramArtha paNa karye jAya. paraMtu sarvanuM lakSyabiMdu, sva temaja paranA AtmAne uccagAmI banAvavA pratye uccagAI banI rahetuM. temane mana Arthika lAbha, ke parasparanA AcAreApana bhedamAMthI nIpajatA jhagaDAo, tA manuSyajIvana barabAda karavA mATe ke e banne gumAvavArUpa gaNAtuM. eTale ja dravyasaMcaya karavA mATe vartamAnakALe manuSya dareka prakAranI yukti prayukti vAparatA dekhAya che, tevA prakAranA uttama [ prAcIna prastAvanAmAM karela teA che ja paraMtu tene saMpUrNa khyAla A pAMcamAM vibhAge pR 196-99 upara dharmanuM mahattva ane 'cAlekhana ' zirSaka pAritrAkamAM varNana Apela che (je atre meM utAryuM che) te uparathI AvI jaze. amAre e muddA para vAMcaka mahAzayanuM dhyAna dAravuM rahe che. eka dharma zabdanA mahatvane aMge ane, khIjuM jaina zabdanA arthane mATe. (1) prathama dharma zabda laie--te zabdanA gUDhArtha ane rahasya vize kAMI paNa atra uccAravuM e ApaNA kSetranI bahAra gaNAya. atra te| ApaNe cetavaNIrUpe eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke, vartamAnakALe jema dharmane, prajAnA eka bhAgane bIjA sAthe athaDAvI mAravAnA kAryamAM, hathiyArarUpe OU 4. jainadharmanA anuyAyI heAvAthI, tenA pracArakArya mATe ja A pustakanuM prakAzana meM karyuM che... A dalIlanesaMsAranuM kAMI uttara ApavA karatAM, uparanI dalIla naM. 3, temaja pu. 2 nA mukhapRSTa lakhela sUtrapATha ja pharIpharI vAMcI javA temane mAro navinaMti che. ja, [ TIppaNa :-- huM pote jaina matAnuyAyI ane tee mane tema hAvAnuM mAne che te jANI magarUra paNa thAuM chuM, joke temanI mAnyatA judA dhAraNe racAyalI che. chatAM jaina ane dharma-A banne zabdA rtha huM kevA svarUpamAM karI rahyo chuM tene A khyAla ApatuM kAMIka varNana, prasaMgApAta mArAM pustakanI

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] sevavAmAM te kALe te dUrane dUra bhAgatA rahetA. teone mana dharma e te eka amulya, virala, ane durlabha vastu ja lekhAtI hAI tenA rakSaNane mATe jIMdagInuM balidAna paNa tee tuccha lekhatA. (2) dharma zabdanuM mahattva samajAvyA bAda ve jaina zabdanA artha kaMIka aMze samajAvIzuM. jaina zabda, jI=jItavuM uparathI yeAjAyA che. jeNe jIta meLavI che. tene jaina kahevAya, A pramANe tene vyutpatti artha thAya che. ATale darajje sarvasaMmata hakIkata che. paNa jIta zenI? zA mATe?kAnI upara? tene yathArtha na samajavAthI gerasamajutI ubhI thAya che. A khAkhataneA khulAse kriMcIdaaMze ApavA prayatna karIe. keAnI upara ? duzmana upara. zA mATe ? AtmakalyANa mATe; AtmAnA utkarSa mATe; zenI jIta ? hathiyAravarDa meLavelI nahIM paraMtu kharA aMta:karaNanI, ane mananA saMyamavaDe meLavelI jIta. kemake hathiyAravaDe meLavelI jIta meLavavAmAM te hIMsA pradhAnapaNe rahelI che. jyAre mana upara saMyama rAkhIne jIta meLavavAmAM kASAyAnA nIgraha keLavAya che. temaja duzmana eTale kAMI dekhItA duzmanA nahIM ke jee lAkaDI, lAThI, talavAra, baMduka laine sAme dhasI AvI ApaNe dekhIe tema ApaNI sAme dhA karI zake che; paraMtu AtmAnA duzmanA, ke jemanI saMgatathI AAtmA, peAtAnI uccagatI sAdhI zakatA nathI. arthAt je duzmanA tene bAdhaka thaI aTakAva nAkhyA kare che. jevAM ke IrSA, jhera, vera, mAna, mAyA, leAbha, matsara ityAdI kaSAyeA; ke je, vyavahAra bhicAra, ceArIcapATI, dagApIsAda ityAdIrUpe pragaTapaNe dekhAi rahyA che. A badhA aMtaranA duzmane kahevAya che. ahAranA duzmanane haNavAmAM, te upara jIta meLavavAmAM te hiMsAnA Azraya levA paDe che, jyAre aMtaranA duzmanAne khAkharA karI jIta meLavavAmAM ke saMpUrNa paNe haNavAmAM AtmasaMyama keLavavA rahe che, ane temAM jarAye hiMsAne sthAna rahetuM nathI. matalaba ke ahAranA duzmanAne haNavAnuM kAryAM hiMsAmaya che jyAre aMtaranA zatrune haNavAnuM kAryaM taddana ahiMsAmaya che, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat bhAbU parvata 193 A svarUpamAM jo jata ane jainanA kharA artha samajavAmAM Ave te je anartha ke gerasamajutI ubhI thavA pAme che te Ape|Apa nirmuLa thaI jaze. upara pramANe artha svIkAratAM, te paNa spaSTapaNe ane svayaMsiddha thaI jAya che, ke dareke dareka mANase jaina thavAne prayatnazIla banavuM joie. je jeTale darajje peAtAnA aMtaranA duzmanAne haNI zake teTale darajje te jaina thayA kahevAya. jainane kAI nAti, varNa ke AjIvikAnuM sAdhana meLavavAnA sAdhana jevA, kRtrima bhedanuM baMdhana paravaDI zake ja nahI. uparanI vyAkhyAthI te jJAti paratve, vANiyA, brAhmaNa, nAgara, khristI ityAdine; ke varNa paratve kSatriya, zudra, vaizya, ityAdine; ke AjIvikA prAptinA bheda jevA ke mAcI, kuMbhAra, telI, bhaMgI, ke khATakI chaM. I. bheddene; jaina banavAne kAI prakAranI aTakAyata ja mUkAtI nathI. tema vartamAnakAle upasthita thai gaela dharmabhede mATe paNa jaina zabdane kharI rIte lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI. temAM te| vaidIka dharmanuyAyI paNa AvI zake che. eka musalamAna baMdhu paNa AvI zake che. temaja pArasI bhAiene, khristI baMdhunA, samAjIsTAnA, zIkhaneA, kabIrapaMthanA, rAmAnujamanA, liMgAyatane I. I. sa` kAIne paNa samAveza thaI zake che. matalaba ke jaina zabdane duniyAdArInA vyavahAranA aMge tathA samAjavyavasthAne aMge je kRtrima bhedA pAchaLathI ubhA thavA pAmyA che temAMnA kAinI sAthe saMbaMdha che ja nahIM. tene dhruvaLa aMtarAtmA, aMtaranI umi, manuSyanI manevRtti, hRdayanA bhAva, i. i. sAthe ja saMbaMdha che. A uparathI vAcakavarganI khAtrI thaze ke pustaka prakAzanamAMnI sarva hakIkata meM tA niSpakSabhAve ja, jevI mane sujhI tevI rajU karI che. temaja jainadharmI gaNAvAne huM mArI jAtane ahe| bhAgyavaMta mAnuM chuM. eTaluM ja nahi paNa umeda dharAvuM chuM ke vAcaka pote paNa A pramANenA mArA vicArA jANyA bAda peAtAnI jAtane jainadharmI kahevarAvavAne utsukatA dharAvatA banaze. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAe 294 ] [ prAcIna prakAranI jaDa dhAlI kheDelI praNAlikA ja pheravavA jevI sthiti AvI paDI hoya, tyAM te khUba khUba spaSTIkaraNa karatI (verbose), manamAM ThasI jAya tevI (hammering), ane bhUlI na javAya te mATe punaH punaH jaNAvatI (repitition) paddhati ja asarakAraka ane anivArya lekhavI rahe che. 5. pUrvagraha ( biassed mind )thI derAIne pustaka lakhAyuM che...uparanI dalIlA zAdhavAthI khAtrI thaze ke meM te| pUrvAMgrahathI nahIM, paNa niSpakSa rIte rahIne je sthiti mane dekhAi te ja jAhera karI che. chatAM vivAda khAtara mAnI kSA - pUrva grahI, dUrAgrahI, dharmAMdha ke anya je kAi birUda jaDI AvatAM haiAya te sarvanA adhikArI huM chuM chatAM dareka ThekANe sAkSI pUrAvA tA ApyA ja che. tene tapAsyA vinA ke tenI satyAsatyatAne vicAra karyA vinA ja je nirNaya pote khAMdhI cUkela che--kahA ke je sthiti parApUrvathI cAlI Ave che, tene te ja dhareDamAM cAlyA javAnuM pasaMda karyA karavuM-pachI pUrvagrahI tathA uparanAM sarva birUdAnA dhAraka kANuM kahevAya ? 8. itihAsa tA zAstra (science) ane tattvajJAna (philosophy) che temAM daMtakathA; saMvAda, TUcakA ke anya prakAranA phAlatu-fAsakusIyA (redundantmatter)ne sthAna ApI na zakAya. A abhiprAya paNa uparanA naM. 6 nI peThe, kapALe kapALe judI matine viSaya che. vaLI jema kreLatraNInA Azaya tathA tenA prakAra, temaja kolejo, hAiskUlA ane yunivarsiTIe i. nI mAnyatAmAM Adhunika kALe mahAna parivartana thai rahyuM che, tema itihAsamAM kaI bAbatane samAveza karavA te prazna rahe che. Science ane Philosophy tarIke itihAsanI vyAkhyA karanArI paNa, zilAlekhAmAM aneka bAbate katarAyalI 6, TAMcaNiyA vRtti dAkhavI che-uttaramAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, je kAI vicAra bAMdhavAmAM Ave te mATe pUrAvA tA ApavA ja joIe. na apAya tA kahero ke krITIkala nathI athavA te| gapATA ja mAryAM che; ane kuvaLa, phalANA phalANA pustake phalANuM pAnuM jIe, ema lakhAya teA kaheze ke te te pustakA meLava-hAvA chatAM jema tene itihAsanA eka apUrva ane vAnA samaya ane dravya ame kayAMthI lAvIe ? majabUta pratika tarIke svIkAravA taiyAra rahe che tema athavA tA ema paNa kahevAze ke, mULa lekhakanA itihAsanI vyAkhyA karavAmAM paNa kALakrame bhinnatA Azaya peAtAthI bhinna haze mATe temAMthI chaTakavA keLavavI ja paDaze. sAra A pramANe kharI zodhI che. A badhI khaTapaTanA upAya tarIke jo mULa lekhakanA zabdo ja akSaraza: utArAya che teA TAMNayAvRti dAkhavavAnA doSa vaherI levA paDe che. AmAM tA 'muMDe muMDe matibhinnA'kapALe kapALe judI AMta-nA ja nyAya kahevAze. 7. lakhANumAM phAlatu zabdo (verbose) temaja punarUkti, piSTapeSaNa (repetition) bahuja che...kabUla karUM chuM; paraMtu tenuM kAraNu ema che ke, jema eka sUtragraMtha hAya ane bIjo tenA uparanI vRtti, bhASya ke TIkA rUpe hAya tA, te banne graMthanI varNanazailImAM bhinnatA rahevAnI ja. vaLI eka graMtha kevaLa vidvAne mATe ja lakhAya ane khIne, vidvAnA temaja AmajanatA baMnene uddezIne lakhAya, tA te baMnenI zailImAM paNa tatkrAvata rahe ja. te pramANe A pustake thayuM che. uparAMta jyAM, amuka Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 9. daMtakathAne pramANika hakIkata ane pUrAvArUpe mAnI lIdhI che...uttara...jyAM kAi prakAranA itihAsa sacavAI rahyo na heAya, tyAM daMtakathA paNa dIvAdAMDIrUpa thaI paDe che, chatAM tenA upara ja kevaLa sarva madAra bAMdhI na zakAya. paraMtu tevI kathAmAM jaNAvela hakIkatane jo anya sAmagrIthI TekA maLI rahetA hoya te, pachI tene daMtakathA kahevAya ke aitihAsika ghaTatA kahevAya ? nAmacIMdha, ane meTA vidvAnonA graMtha sivAya, aprasiddha athavA phrAsakusiyA lekhakAnA ke pustakAnAM kathananA AdhAra levAya tA tenI kiMmata bilakula utArI naMkhAya che. paraMtu te bhUlI jAya che ke, jJAna te game tyAMthI paNa grahaNu karavA yeAgya ja che. tene kAI sthAna, samaya, ke vyaktinA bheda poSAtA ja www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] nathI. eTaluM ja mAtra tapAsavuM rahe che ke, uparanA pArigrAphamAM jaNAvyA pramANe anya sAdhanathI tene samarthana maLI rahe che ke nahIM. uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo 10. jyAM te tyAM, haze, saMbhavita che, (may be), (can); kadAca haze (perhaps); I. I. bhaviSyanA nirNaya upara na choDatAM, Ama che ja, (it is so), Ama hAvuM joIe (it should be thus) nizcayadarzaka abhiprAya khahu darzAvyA che...uttara...mArAM anumAne, saMzayAtmaka vigatA kra nivedana upara nahIM, parantu samayAvaLI jevI aphara (non-changeable) ane atUTa ( unassailable ) hakIkata upara racAyalAM hAvAthI, mane te nirNaya rUpe ja lAgyAM che. A uparathI teA ulaTuM ema dekhAya che ke, uparanI dalIla na. 1 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe, pustakane krITIkala nahIM kahenAranI peThe, temane paNa samayAtrAnI (chronology) pUrepUrI kiMmata ja samajAi dekhAtI nathI. 11. dhaNAM pustakAnAM avaleAkana karyAMnuM darzAvatI lAMkhI nAmAvaLI ( Bibliography ) ApI hAya, ke tenA utArA ane pramANA ApI khUba vAdavivAda karyAM hAya, te ja pustakanI mahattA vadhI jatI gaNAya ane tevA pustakane ja krITIkala taiyAra karAyAnuM kahevAya; AvI gaNatrImAM ramanArA paNa paDayA che. temane paNa samayAvaLInI kIMmata vize bahu mAna nathI athavA teA, prakAra (quality) karatA (quantity) jaththAne vadhAre vajanadAra mAnatA lAge che emaja lekhavuM raheze. . 12. ' tame te kANu ? (who you !) tamArUM gajuM zuM ke AvuM dharamULathI pheravI nAMkhatuM saMzAdhananuM kArya hAtha dharI zake| ' evu kahenArA paNa maLyA che. kharI vAta che; huM kAI yunivarsi`TI ke kAlejamAM prophe sara nathI. tema pI. eca. DI; ela,ela. DI. ke DI. lITa. jevI padavI dharAvatA nathI. mAtra vaidakIya DIgrI ja meLavI che, ane te lAIna paDatI mUkIne have te mAtra vepArI ja banyA chuM. temAM paNa evA prakAranA dhaMdhA che ke, Ama janatA sAthe bahu saMparkanI jarUra paNa rahetI nathI. vaLI mUMge moDhe (silent-work) kAma Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ pa karavAnI Adata heAvAthI, keAI jAhera takhatA (platform) upara dekhAva paNa detA nathI. veza paNa taddana sAdA rAkhuM chuM. jethI tenI kIMmata, krATa pATaluna ane heTavALAnA manamAM, ochI rahe te dekhItuM ja che. tenI pratIti mane aneka mulAkAtA daramyAna hajue maLatI ja rahe che. tethI kAMI ema na ja kahI zakAya ke, aMdhArAmAM paDI rahela mAjIsane jJAna pAmavAnA adhikAra ja nathI. eka vidvAne, khIjA vidvAna sAthe carcA karavA mArI vatI temanI pAse samayanI mAMgaNI karI, teA temane saMbhaLAvI dIdhuM ke, A lapane kayAMthI lAvyA ? e cAranI mulAkAtamAM teA jaNAyuM hatuM ke temaNe pustakAnAM deza`na paNa kayA naheAtAM, te pachI vAMcyAM hai|vAnI AzA ja kayAM rahI, chatAM kahevA maMDI paDayA hatA ke, tamArUM pustaka taddana kharAba che. te te prakAzita ja karAvuM na joIe, I. I. vaLI eka vidvAne kahyuM ke, huM pote rUDhIcusta (orthodox) aAine game teTalI dalIlA tame karaze! chatAM mArA mata pheravavAnA ja nathI. mAdhama thayela TIkAo mukhyatayA upara darzAvela kAI ne kASTa vargamAM AvI jAya che. chatAM e traNa evI jAtanI paNa che ke temAM vyaktigata nirdeza paNa karI zakAya; parantu tema karavuM te granthakArane AcAra na gaNAya. tethI atra medhama gaNAtI TIkAnA mathALe ja samAveza karI devAnI icchA thai AvI hatI. vaLI ema thayuM ke, jyAre amuka hakIkata ke prasaMga sAthe tene yukta karAI che. tyAre, tene carcArUpe ja mAnI lane aMtimabhAge praznonA uttara joDayA che. temAM tene sthAna ApavuM bahetara gaNAze. mAtra tema karatI vakhate bane teTalA aMze te vyaktinuM nAma vAparavAthI mAre dUra rahevuM. eTale banne muddA sacavAyA gaNAze- uttara vALIne saMtASa paNa ApyA kahevAze ane sAmA pratye viveka paNa jALavyA kahevAze. jyAM AvA prakAranA ane tene maLatA anubhavA thatA hAya tyAM keTalAkanuM varNana karavuM. duniyAnA rivAja ja thaI paDayA che ke, je kAI navuM kArya kare tene www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo 296 ] mAthe prathama ramajhaTa thAya ja. eTale AvA anubhavathI mAre nAsIpAsa thavA jarUra nathI. ulaTuM mArUM kArya yathArtha ja mane lAgatuM hoya, to temAM maMDayA rahevAneA vizeSa te vizeSa utsAha maLye jAya che. A badhI paristhiti ApaNA dezanA vidvAnuM mAnasa kevuM che tene jhINavaTathI abhyAsa karavA zuM sAdhana pUrUM nathI pADatI ? hamezane anubhava ja gaNAya -History repeats itself. [ prAcIna tenA yathAsthAne ja gAThavavA rahe che, eTale paraspara sakaLAyela banAvA ane vastusthiti paNa, svataH navIna svarUpa ja dhAraNa karatAM dekhAya che. AvA saMyAgAmAM amane paNa te muddo vajanadAra lAgatAM, pUchavAmAM Avela aneka praznonA uttara vALavA pahelAM, te e maMtavyAnI khAtrI karI ApavAnI lAlaca thaI AvI che. jo ke te banne hakIkatAne amArA graMthamAM ane teTalI pramANasara sAbita karI ApI che ja; paraMtu aneka pUrAvA jyAre chUTA chavAyA apAyA haiAya tyAre vAcakane te ekatrita karavAnuM ane te AdhAre pAke nirNaya bAMdhavAnuM jarA kaThina thaI paDe; A kAraNathI jeTale aMze bane teTale aMze te kArya amAre ja upADI levuM anne bahetara lAgyuM che. ra medhama TIkAkArAnuM kArya upara pramANe patAvIne praznakArAne saMtASavAnuM have hAtha dharavuM rahe che. sarve praznonA uttara ApavA jatAM, caEta cUrNa ane pI4 peSaNanI sthiti prApta thavA jevuM lAge che. eTale vicAra karatAM durasta e lAgyuM ke, jema eka e patrakAre, emAMthI chellA mudde-azezaka ane priyadarzIna banne temaja dIlhI yunivarsiTInA ItihAsanA adhyApaka vyaktie bhinna bhinna che te-sAbita karavAnuM kAma zrIyuta DaoN. mulacaMde ane anAmalAi yunivarsiTInA dhaNuM vizALa che. tene mATe te| eka svata Mtra pustaka ja tevAja hai|ddedAra zrIyuta zrInivAsAcArIe potAnA lakhAI rahyuM che. te pragaTa thaye tenI khAtrI karI avalAkanamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, 'atyAra sudhI bhAratanA zakAro; paraMtu pahelA muddo-alekjhAMDaranA samakAlIna prAcIna itihAsanA pAyArUpa je e mULabhUta maMtavya. saMDrekATasane je caMdragupta TharAvyA che, te azokavana che te atra hAtha dharI zakAze. joke te muddA paNa bIjA muddAnA pAyArUpa heAvAthI, tenA mATe lakhAtAM pustakamAM ApavAmAM Avaze ja; chatAM vAcakavarganI keTalIka sagavaDatA sacavAtI hovAthI, ame tene nAnI pustikAnA AkAre IMgrejImAM bahAra pADayA che, jene Avazyaka anuvAda atre gujarAtImAM ApIzuM. che--(1) i. sa. pU. 327 mAM alekjhAMDara hiMda upara caDI AvyA tyAre je magadhapatine seMkATasanuM nAma grIka itihAsakArAe ApyuM che ane jete hiMdI itihAsamAM caMdragupta tarIke eLakhAvyA che te ane (ra) sArA hiMdamAM patharAyala khaDakalekhA-taMbha lekhA AdinA kartA priyadarzinane, maurya samrATa zeka mAnI levAyeA che te bannene-A graMthakartAe (eTale ame) pheravI nAkhyA hovAthI, AkhAye itihAsanuM svarUpa pharI jatuM dekhAya che. temanA A abhiprAya sAthe ame keTaleka aMze maLatA thaie chIe ja. paraMtu jyAM AkhAM graMthanAM be hajAra jeTalAM pRSThamAM ane balka kaho ke pAne pAne-navI hakIkatA ane siddhAMtA ( theories ) bharela heAya tyAM, kevaLa uparanI e vastusthitine O sarva AbhArI gaNI na zakAya. tethI vizeSa dhaNAM kAraNA heAya ja. alabatta kabUla karIe ke AkhAye itihAsa saMkalita ane saMgaThita sthitimAM raju karatAM, te e prasaMgAne paNa upara pR. 289mAM ItihAsa ubhA karavAne je pAMca sAdhanAne ApaNe nirdeza karI gayA chIe tene temAM prathama ullekha karIne, paraspara temanI keTalI kiMmata AkArAya te jaNAvyuM che, eTale teTalA bhAga cheADI izuM. tene mAtra sAra ja kahI daIe ke te pAMce sAdhaneAmAMthI sauthI vizeSa AdhArabhUta ane majabUta purAvArUpa, te samayanA AMkaDA ja gaNI zakAze. ATaluM jaNAvyA bAda mULa viSayane hAya dharatAM kahyuM che ke: samrATa azAka te ja priyadarzina che evA niya upara AvavAne sarve vidvAnoe nIce pramANe tArIkhane Azraya lIdhA jaNAyA cheH--

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bhAratavarSa ] 305 303 (1) caMdragupta maurya (I. sa. pU. 325-322thI 301-298 sudhInAM) 24 varSa; temAM alekjhAMDara dhI greITa sAthenuM yuddha 326-25 selyukasa nirkaTAranI caDAI megesthenIjhanuM elacIpaNe AvavuM (3) hiMdusAra (I. sa. pU. 301-98thI 273 sudhI) 28 varSa gAdIpati thavuM 301-298 (3) azAka (I. sa. pU. 273thI 232 sudhI)41 varSa tenuM gAdIe AvavuM 273 rAjyAbhiSeka 269 kaliMganuM yuddha 26 1 azokanuM maraNa 232 (1) AmAM keTaluM satya che te tapAsI joie. A sAlavArI jotAM prathama te e ja khyAla baMdhAya che ke, mauryavaMzanI sthApanA I. sa. pU. 325-22mAM thai che. tene AdhAra grIka itihAsamAM sikadara bAdazAha jyAre hiMda upara caDI Avye tyAre magadhapatine seMDrekATasa tarIke jene oLakhAvyA che tene vidrAnAe kevaLa uccAranA sAmyane lIdhe caMdragupta TharAvyA che te upara avalaMbe che. A kAMI vajanadAra pUrAvA na kahevAya. ulaTA evA saddhara pUrAvA che ke caMdragupta te tenI mAnI lIdhelI tArIkha I. sa. pU. 322-karatAM lagabhaga 50) varSa pUrve magadhapati banyA hatA, tenAM keTalAMka pramANeA A pramANe cheH-- (1) magadhanI gAdIe naMdavaMza pachI lAgalA ja mau vaMza AvyA che kemake arthazAstranA raciyatA pelA prasiddha paM. cANakaye naMda chellAne laDAImAM harAvIne caMdragupta maurya te magadhanI gAdIe besAryA hatA te hakIkata sa mAnya lekhAI che. eTale jo naMdavaMzanA aMtane samaya nakkI karAya te mA vaMzanI AdinA samaya ApeApa maLI raheze. purANamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, nada pahelA gAdIe beThA tyAra pachI se| varSe caMdragupta magadhapati thayA che. (i. a. pu. 32, pR. 231 jIe) eTale ke navaMzanI ane mauryavaMzanI Adi vacce se| varSanuM aMtara che, ane uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo 38 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 2 297 A naMdavaMza magadhanI gAdIe zizunAgavaMza pachI tarata AvyA che. vaLI jaina ane aiAddha pustakA AdhAre jaNAyuM che ke, zizunAgavaMzI pAMcame rAjA zreNika urphe biMbisAra, mahAvIra ane khudeva banneneA samakAlIna hatA. vaLI che. e. sana 1914 pR. 133 kahyuM che ke, rAjA biMbisAra yudevanI pahelAM ATha varSe maraNa pAmyA che. eTale ke biMbisAranI pAchaLa gAdIe AvanAra tenA putra ajAtazatrunA rAjye AThamA varSe yuddhadevanuM nirvANu thayuM che. (I. e. pu. 37, pR. 342; kaeNhi. vaiM. pR. 157: i. e. 1914, pR. 132 ) vaLI sAbita thayuM che ke ajAtazatrunA rAjyakALe bIjA varSe mahAvIra nirvANa pAmyA che. ane mahAvIranuM nirvANu sarvAnumate I. sa. pU. para6-7 TharAvAyuM che [se. mu. i. pu. 22mAM preA. haramana jeAkhI lakhe zvetAMbara ane digaMbara banne I. sa. pU. para6mAM mahAvIra nirvANa pAmyA viSe ekamata che. juo hA. jai. prastA. pR. 14; hemacaMdra pariziSTaparva pR.37:~ vikramasaMvata pUrve 470 varSe nirvANa : 470+57=527; kalpasUtra, sTIvansana kRta, pR. 8 ane 496 : ja. mAM. seM. rA. e. se. pu. 9 mAM OMoN. bhAudAjInA lekha : meruttuMganI sthavIrAvalI pR: 149H ja. rA. e. sA. anuvAda pu. 3, pR. 358, lekhaka mAIlsa. i. e. pu. 43 (sana 1914) pR. 132, lekhaka DaeN. jAla kArmenTIera I. I.] A sarva AdhAranI gaNatrIe biMbisAranuM maraNa ane ajAtazatrunuM gAdIe AvavuM i. sa. pU. pura8 Thare che temaja buddhadevanuM nirvANu i. sa. pU. para0 kare che. vaLI bauddha pustakAmAM (dIpavaMza III, 56-61: mahAvaMza II, 258, ane AgaLaH tathA ja. e. bi. rI. e. pu. 1, pR. 97, TI. naM. 109 I. e; 1914, pR. 33) lakhela che ke zreNIkanuM rAjya para varSa cAlyuM che, eTale ke tenA rAjyane AraMbha 528-para=pa80 mAM thayA hatA. [vaLI evuM jaNAya che ke (mahAvaMza IV, 2, 3: divyAvadAna 36 V: bhA. prA. rAjavaMza pu. 2, pR. 30, 31: www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo 298 ] I. e. 1914, pR. 165) ajAtazatrunA pautra rAjA muMda, magadhanI gAdIe khuddha nirvANu bAda 40 varSe thayA che. eTale temAM samaya I. sa. pU. 480 thayA. (e. IDismA pu. 1, pR. 290) tathA] rAjA zreNika ane tenA cAra uttarAdhikArIe maLIne 198 varSAM rAjya karyuM che. (e. U. pu. 1, pR. 197 teTa naM. 33,) eTale tenI matalaba e thaI ke zizunA - vaMzanA aMta 580108 = I.sa. pU. 472mAM AvyA hatA. vaLI khauddhagraMthA (jue. i. kA.i. pra. pR. 32 dIpavaMza mahAvaMza ane budhe|SamRta samaMtaprasAdikAmAM caMdragutanA 24, biMdusAranA 28-azAka pR. ra06, TI. 1) caMdraguptanA 24 ane jainagraMthA tenA 14 varSAM gaNAve che. A naveka varSanA taphAvata saheje samajI zakAya tevA che, kemake, aiAddha ane paiArANika 1, pR. 195, pu. 2, pR. 304, 325) eTale naMda-graMtha pramANe caMdraguptanuM gAdInazIna thavuM, I. sa. A pramANe pUravAra thayuM ke zizunAgavaMzanA aMta I. sa. pU. 472mAM Avyo che. vaLI jaina, bauddha ane paurANika mAnyatA pramANe naMdavaMza ke je tenI pAchaLa AvyA che te 100 varSa paryaMta cAlyA che (i. e. pu. 32, pR. 271: enzanTa IMDiyA pu. vaMzanA aMta I. sa. pU. 372mAM AvyA kahI zakAze ane te ja varSe eTale 372mAM caMdragupta magadhapati thayA gaNAze. (2) siMhAlijha kronikalanA kathana pramANe AdusaMvata 162mAM (I. e. pu, 37, pR. 345) caMdragupta rAjA thayeA che. A pustakA 543thI buddhasaMvata gaNAtA hovAthI 381mAM caMdragupta prathama nAnakaDA saMsthAnanA rAjA thayA ane te samayathI mAryavaMzanI sthApanA thai gaNAya. te bAda nava varSe teNe naMdane harAvIne magadhanI gAdI I. sa. pU. 372mAM hastagata karI che. (3) janarala kaniMgahAmanA kathanAnusAra yuddhavata 162. sa. pU. 282 mAM caMdragupta rAjA thayA che. (jIe i. ke. IM. prastAvanA pR. 4). (4) jaina sAhityAnusAra (pariziSTaparva, sarga 8, pR. 339: entha IMDiyA, pu. 1, pR. 200, 3. hi I. pR. 156: I. hiM. kA. pu. 5, 1929 sapTe. pR. 400) caMdragupte naMdavaMzane aMta mahAvIra saMvatanA 155mA varSe karyAM cheH eTale ke 527-155=I. sa. pU. 372mAM. eTale ke 372mAM te magadhapati anyA hatA. [ prAcIna (5) ja. e. bi.rI. sA. pu. 1. pR. 104. TI. 137:-vetAMbara jaitAnA mata pramANe (harmana jekA khInuM pariziSTa, prastA. pR. 95) caMdraguptanA madhapati thavA ane AryasuddhastijInA gaNanAyaka thavA vacce 109-110 varSI gaNAya che. A suhastijI je saMprati rAjAnA gurU hatA temanuM paTadharapaNuM ma, saM. 265mAM gaNe che. te hisAbe 265-110=ma. saM. 155=I. sa. pU. 372mAM caMdraguptanuM magadhapati thavuM Avaze. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat pU. 381mAM, jo ke gaNAyuM che, parantu buddhasaMvatanI gaNanA e rIte karAtI dekhAya che. uttarahiMdamAM yuddhanA nirvANa (I. sa. pU. 543)nA samayathI gaNunA karAya che. eTale 543nI gaNatrIe ane caMdraguptanuM rAjya 24 varSAM cAlyuM che. te hiMsAme I. sa. pU. 381mAM tenuM gAdIe besavuM, ane 358mAM tenA rAjyanA aMta gaNAze jyAre jaina gaNanAthI I. sa. pU. 372mAM tenuM magadha samrATa thavuM mAnyuM che ne aiAda varSa tenuM rAjya gaNI I. sa. pU. 358mAM aMta gaNe che; bannemAM rAjyanA aMta 358mAM gaNAya che paraMtu gAdIe besavAnI sAla ekamAM (baiAmAM) jyArathI te nAnA rAjyanA svAmI thayA tyArathI gaNI che ane khIjAe (jainamAM) jyArathI te magadha samrATa thayA tyArathI lekhI che. A badhI hakIkatathI sAbita thayuM kahevAze ke, mairyavaMzanI sthApanA I. sa. pU. 381mAM jyArathI caMdragupte rAjya karavA mAMDayuM tyArathI gaNAze, parantu te magadhane! samrATa nava varSa bAda 372mAM thayA hatA (naMdavaMzano nAza karIne) ane tenA rAjyanA aMta 358mAM AvyA hatA; khIjI bAju alekajhAMDara te| I. sa. pU. 327mAM AvyA hatA, eTale enA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsA samaya vacce lagabhaga 30 varSanuM aMtara paDI jAya che. AvanArane amitravAta kahyo che (che. hulTajhanuM I. ke. jethI sAbita thaI gayuM kahevAze ke grIka itihAsa- I. pu. 1. pra. pR. 31 : bhilasATopsa pR. 92). jyAre kArane sakaTasa te magadhasamrATa caMdragupta nathI ja. jaina graMthakAroe (e. iDiyA. pu. 2. pR. 257) (ba) ApaNuM A anumAnane anya pUrAvAthI A birUda saMprati urphe priyadarzinanuM gaNAvyuM che. ane paNuM sAbita karI zakAya tema che. caMdraguptanI gAdIe AvanAra biMdusArane te amitratuM (1) alekajhAMDaranuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 323mAM kahyo che. nIpajayuM che. te nisaMtAna hovAthI tenI gAdIe teno A badhI (54=9) carcAne sAra e che ke saradAra selyukasa nikeTara Avyo che. teNe 18 varSamAM caMdraguptano samaya I. sa. pU. 381thI 358 che eTale lagabhaga bAreka vakhata hiMda u5ra niSphaLa humalAo alekjhAMDara I. sa. pU. 327mAM Avyo tyAre te karyA hatA. aMte thAkIne i. sa. pU. 304mAM tene te kayArane marI gayo hato. paraMtu tenA samakAlina seMDe keTasa sAthe saMdhI karavAnI pharaja paDI hatI. A tarIke jene se keTasa lakhavyo che, te te caMdraguptane samaye se keTasanA rAjyanuM 26muM varSa cAlatuM hatuM. keI vArasadAra ja hovA joIe. pachI te tene putra (a. hi. I. trIjI AvRtti pR. 119, 196-7, ke pautra hato te tapAsavuM rahe che. upara joI gayA 431 ane 472; pro. huTajhanuM I. ke. I. 5. 1 chIe ke caMdraguptanA rAjyane aMta I. sa. pU. 358mAM prastA, pR. 35) A saMdhInI eka zarata pramANe Avyo hato te pachI tene putra biMdusAra Avyo tenuM selyusane pitAnI putrIne se kATasavere paraNAvavI rAjya 28 varSa (vAyupurANanA mate 25 varSa) che eTale paDI hatI. eka bAjuM kahevuM ke caMdraguptanuM (jemane I. sa. pU. 330mAM tenA rAjyane aMta gaNAya. te bAda temaNe sekaTasa gaNAvyo che tena) rAjya 24 varSa azoka thayo che tenuM rAjya 41 varSa eTale 330thI cAlyuM che ne bIjI bAjuM kahevuM ke te sekaTasanA 289 sudhI cAlyuM che, eTale sAbita thayuM kahevAze ke 26mA varase selyukase pitAnI putrI paraNAvI hatI. alekajhAMDare jyAre 327mAM hiMda upara caDhAI karI zuM A kathana asaMbaMdha nathI lAgatuM? tyAre azoka ja magadha samrATa hatA ane tene ja grIka (2) sekeTasanA darabAre megesthenIjhane evacI ItihAsakAronA sekeTasa tarIke oLakhavo raheze. tarIke selyukase mokalyo hato. have jo sekeTasane azoka ane priyadarzina ane judI ja caMdragupta laIe to caMdraguptane amAtya 5. cANakya . vyaktio che. ane megesthanIjha bane samakAlIna karyA. A baMne prathamano muddo mauryavaMzanI sthApanA caMdragupta mahApurUSoe te vakhatanI rAjakIya ane sAmAjIka 382 I. sa. pU. karI hatI. alekjhAMDara 327mAM paristhitine potapotAnA pustakamAM (eke arthazAstramAM jyAre hindamAM AvyA tyAre caMdragupta to kayArane ane bIjAe pitAnI DAyarImAM) varNana karyuM che. marI paNa gayo hato ane 327mAM magadhasamrATa svAbhAvika che ke te varNane ekabIjAne maLatAM AvavAM azokanuM rAjya tapatuM hovAthI tene ja sekeTasa kahI joIe. paraMtu enja. iDiyA pu. 2. pR. 42thI zakAya. A hakIkata uparamAM sAbita karI devAI che. 404mAM jaNAvyA pramANe aneka bAbatamAM te bhinna tevaDI ja moTI bIjI galatI atyAra sudhI thayelI paDI jAya che. je cAlI Ave che-ke azaka ane priyadarzina eka (3) vaidika, jaina ane bauddha granthamAM caMdraguptanuM che tene sudhAravAnuM kAma have AraMbhIzuM. sekeTasane vRttAMta maLe che, chatAM ekemAM alekajhAMDaranA nAmano caMdragupta mAnI levAthI bhAratIya itihAsamAM je nirdeza thayela dekhAte paNa nathI. chabaraDe vaLAI gayo che tenA karatAM, azokane priya(4) grIka itihAsakAroe, sekreTasanI gAdIe dazina karAvavAthI te anekagaNa viroSa-kahe ke ghera

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300 ] ' ula carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsA [ prAcIna anyAya-goTALA ubhA thavA pAmyo che; kemake priya- buddha bhagavAnanA jIvananA mukhya banAvo, aMjana darzinanI kRtio-zilAlekhe, staMbhalekha, rAkSasI kadanI saMvatanI je sAlemAM banyA hatA tenuM varNana siMhAlIjha mUrtio I. Ine-azokanI TharAvavAthI, tenA dharmanI konIkasamAM nIce pramANe ApyuM che (i. e. pu. eTale bauddhadharmanI lekhavI paDI che. jyAre priyadarzina 32, pR. 228):pite jenadhamIM hevAthI te sarva kRtio tenA ja temanI uMmara dharmanA pratikarUpa gaNAya temAM baddhadharmane lAgatuM vaLagatuM - buddhane janma-68 (aMjana saMvata)mAM... 0 na kahevAya. chatAM priyadarzinanA zilAlekho ane staMbha- saMsAratyAga 97 (sadara)mAM...29 lekhomAM nirdiSTa karelI vANIne, pitAnI pUrvabaddha thayela , upadezane AraMbha 13 (sadara)mAM...35 mAnyatAne baMdhabesatI karavAne temanA aneka zabdo , jJAnaprApti (nirvANu) 127* (sadara)mAM...58 tathA arthane manaphAvatI rIte maraDavA paDayA che ane , maraNa (parinirvANu) 148 (sadara)mAM.80 svAbhAvika che ke, tema karavA jatAM aneka binapAyA- (uparanI hakIkatane ke. hi. I. pR. 156-7: dAra vastuono Azraya temane levo paDayo che. A I. e. pu. 37, pR. 3424 tathA I. e. 1914 pramANe nakArAtmaka pUrAvAthI jema azAka ne priyadarzina pR. 172thI samarthana maLI rahe che), vaLI ApaNe bhinna bhinna vyakti tarIke pUravAra karI zakAya che tema pR. 297 jaNAvI gayA chIe ke rAjA ajAtazatrunA sIdhA pUrAvAthI paNa te sAbita karI zakAya che. ke rAjya bIjA varSe mahAvIra I. sa. pU. para7mAM ane samrATa priyadarzina pate jaina hato eTale tenI kRtio AThamA varSe buddhadeva maraNa pAmyA hatA. A uparathI jaina dharmanAM prabhAvasUcaka ane smRti darzaka smAraka samajAze ke te banne mahAtmAonA maraNa vacce cihana che. ane tema pUravAra thayuM eTale svayaM, AkhAye cha varSa jeTaluM aMtara che eTale buddhadevanuM maraNa I. ItihAsane palaTe Apavo paDaze ja. A vastusthiti sa. pU. paramAM lekhAze. jethI buddhadevanA jIvana nizcayapUrvaka sAbita karavA mATe, itihAsa sarjananA banAvene ApaNe I. sa. pU.nA AMkamAM pheravIe te pAMca sAdhanAmAMthI atUTa evA samayadarzaka AMkaDA- nIce pramANe lekhAze. enI madada ja ApaNe laIzuM. sAthe sAthe anya . i. sa. pU. uMmara pUrAvAnI paNa avagaNanA karIzuM nahIM ja. (1) buddhadevane janma 600 0 | juo enTa priyadarzina ane azoka eka ja vyakti che (2) temane saMsAratyAga 571 29 | iDiyA pu. 2, ema mAnavAne temaNe be mukhya siddhAMta upara vajana (3) , prathama upadeza pa65 35 mUkyuM che. eka sekeTasane caMdragupta gaNAvyA che ne (4) temane jJAna prAptI bIjo zilAlekhonI hakIkatone azokanA jIvana vRttAMta (nirvANa) pa42-3 57] prAcIna bhAratasAthe maLatI AvatI gaNAvI che. pahele siddhAMta (5) temanuM maraNa varSa pu. 2, pR. 8 ke beTe che te pUravAra thaI gayuM che. atra bIjA (parinirvANa) para 80 ) mahAne AzrayIne ApaNe carcA karavI rahe che. samrATa niMdha-uttarahiMdamAM buddhasaMvatanI gaNana temanA azoka ddhadhamAM hatuM eTale tenA jIvana upara prakAza parinirvANa-maraNathI ja eTale 520nI sAlathI ane pADavAmAM, bauddha sAhityamAM varNavela banAvene samaya, dakSiNa hiMdamAM temanA jJAnaprAptinA-nirvANunA samaahasaMvatamAM nirdiSTa thayela hovAthI buddhasaMvatane yathI eTale 541nI sAlathI gaNuAya che. eTale be samaya prathama nakkI karI levuM paDaze. gaNanA vacce 21 varSanuM aMtara rakhAya che. uparamAM * 25 hovA saMbhava che. praphanI bhUla thaI lAge che, te samaye temanI uMmara 57nI lekhavI raheze,

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 301 jJAnaprApti samaye temanI umara 58 varSanI lakhI che bhiSekanI vidhi thaI che. tenA pitAnuM maraNa nirvANa paratu pa hovAnuM vadhAre saMbhavita che. (juo TIkA) pachI 214 varSe thayuM che. ane te bAda cAra varase eTale 21 varSanA aMtaranA sthAne 23 varSa gaNAze jyAre teNe potAnA bhAIone zAMta karI lIdhA tathA temano samaya 543 gaNuM paDaze.] tyAre tene rAjyAbhiSeka karAyo che (eM. irAjhaahasaMvatanI tArIkha A pramANe nakkI thaI kaniMgahAmakata-pR. 34-36) eTale azokane pitA gaI. have azokanA rAjayakALanI tArIkha goThavIe. biMdusAra 544-214-330 I. sa. pU. mAM maraNuM (1) siMhAlIjha kronIkala jaNAve che ke, buddha pAmyo ane te bAda cAra varSe 326 mAM azokane nirvANa pachI 218 varSe azakane rAjyAbhiSeka rAjyAbhiSeka thayo gaNAya. thayo hate (dIpavaMza VI, 19 I. eN, pu. 32. pR. (6) saMzodhana khAtAnA AsisTanTa DirekaTara 2664 i. eN, pu. 37, pR. 345: azoka (smItha) janarala mi. pI. sI. mukarajI vizeSa abhyAsanA pR. 209; ja. ro. e. sa. 1932, pR. 285.) pariNAme evA sAra upara AvyA che ke (I. eN. vizeSamAM kahe che ke, buddhanirvANa pachI 214 varSe pu. 32, pR. 232) I. sa. pU. 329 ane 325 pitAnA pitA bisAranI gAdIe azoka beThe. te vacce azoka gAdIe beThe hate. pachI cAra varSe eTale 218 varSe tene rAjyAbhiSeka (7) I. e. pu. 32, pR. 34ra jaNAvyuM che thayo hato. siMhAlIjhonI gaNatrI dakSiNa hindanI ke, zreNika-biMbisAranA rAjyAbhiSeka ane azokanA paddhatie havAthI 543-218=325-6 I. sa. pU. rAjyanA aMta vacce 311 varSanuM aMtara che. kahevAnI mAM azokane rAjyAbhiSeka thayo kahevAya, ane tene matalaba e che ke azokanuM rAjya 580-311=269 gAdIe besavuM tathA bisAranuM maraNa I. sa. pU. -70 I. sa. pU. mAM khatama thayuM hatuM [kharI rIte 330mAM maraNa thayuM gaNAya. A sAlamAM te azakanuM maraNa thayuM che. jyAre teNe (2) cinAI graMthanA "sudarzana vibhAsa' nAme pitAnA pautrane I. sa. pU. 289 mAM gAdI soMpI anuvAdamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, (I. eN. pu. 37, pR. nivRtti lIdhI hatI.] 349) azoka mu. saM. 218mAM thaI gayo che. cina, (8) che. huTajhanA maMtavya pramANe I. ke. I. barmA tathA siMhaladvIpamAM eka ja paddhatie kAma levAtuM (ke. e. iM. pu. 1. pR. 85). selyukase pitAnI hovAthI temanA hisAbe paNa azAkane samaya 325-6 putrI I. sa. pU. 304 mAM saMkaTasane paraNAvI AvI raheze. hatI. sekreTasa 330 mAM gAdIe beTho hato. ApaNe (3) che. phalITa paNa azakanA rAjyAbhiSekanI pUravAra karI batAvyuM che ke 330 mAM caMdragupta nahIM miti upara pramANe ja Ape che (I. e. pu. 37, paNa azaka gAdIe Avyo che. eTale siddha thAya che ke, pR. 350). azoka ja potAnA rAjyanA 330-30=26mA varSe (4) janarala kaniMgahAma pitAnA I. ke. I. selyukasanI putrIne paraNyo hate. (nIce naM. 8 juo). pra. pR. 9mAM lakhe che ke bu. saM. 215thI 256 (9) a. hi. che. trIjI AvRtti pR. 119 mi. eTale I. sa. pU. 329 thI 288=41 varSa paryata, smitha lakhe che ke, potAnA rAjya 26 mA varSe te (4 varSa rAjA tarIkenA + 24 samrATanA + 13 yavanarAjanI putrIne para hatA. [ A yavanaputrI rIjaMTanA maLI 41 varSa) azokanuM rAjya cAlyuM che. te ja selyukasanI kuMvarI jANavI). (5) silena ane barmAnA brAddha sAhityagraMthamAM sarvano sAra e thayo ke - chellA buddha zAkayamuninuM nirvANa I. sa. pU. 544mAM (a) azokanuM gAdIe besavuM I. sa. pU. 330 noMdhAyuM che, te bAda 218 varSe azokanA rAjyA. (A) tene rAjyAbhiSeka , 326

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I: 302 ]. ukela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna () tene rAjyakALa 41 varSane rAjyane keTalAMye varase gAdIe AvyA che. paraMtu naM. 2ne aMta 289 thoDAka varSaparyaMta azokanA samakAlIna tarIke rahyAnuM kahI (I) tenuM maraNa 82 varSanI uMmare, 270 zakAze. eTale spaSTapaNe siddha thayuM kahevAze ke teo (u) tene janma (270+82) 352 azokanA samasamI nahotA ja. temaja khaDakalekhane [ a. hi. I. nI cothI AvRttimAM mi. baraphesa kartA paNa azoka nathI ja, paraMtu tenI gAdIe jaNAve che ke, azeke pitAnA jIvananAM aMtima AvanAra anya rAjA have joIe. te nAma priya19 varSo (289 thI 270) nivRtta avasthAmAM dazina che ema khuda zilAlekhamAM ja jaNAveluM che. ane AtmadhyAnamAM gALyAM hatAM ]. uparanA banAvene eTale azAka pachI gAdIe AvanAra tarIke priyadarzina anukramavAra goThavIe to paNa siddha thaI gayo temaja azoka ane priyadarzina I. sa. pU, tenI uMmara baMne bhinna che ema paNa siddha thaI gayuM kahevAze. (1) azokane janma 35ra 0 anya lekhothI paNa te ja hakIkata sAbita karI (2) prAMtika sUbApade 330 sudhI 22 zakAya che. jemake sahastrAmanA lekhamAM 250no AMka (3) gAdIpati 330 thI 326 (4varSa sudhI) 26 lakhAyela che. vidvAnoe tene artha ema karyo che ke, (4) samrATapade 326 thI 302 (24 varSa) 50 azake 256 rAtrI sudhI pUjA bhakita karI hatI.. rIjeTa tarIke 302 thI 289 (13 varSa) 63 paraMtu temAM je viyutha" zabda lakhyo che tene artha (ka) nivRttimAM 289 thI 270 (19 varSa) 82 "sadagata pAmela, nirvANa thayela AtmA" e thAya (7) maraNa 270 82 che. teno artha prathama te vidvAnoe "saddagata AtmA - have priyadarzinanA khaDaka lekha naM. 13 mAM je pachI 25 varSa" emaja karyo hato ane azoka pAMca paradezI rAjAonAM nAma teNe ApyAM che tenA tathA priyadarzina eka ja che e mAnyatAne AdhAre samakAlIna tarIke azoka hoI zake ke kema te ApaNe te AMkane buddhasaMvata 256muM varSa TharAvyuM hatuM kemake tapAsI zakIzuM. (pro. hudaTajha i. ke. I. pu. 1) azoka ddhadharma pALatA hatA. have je tene bu. saM yAda rAkhavAnuM che ke, temaNe azoka ane priyadarzinane paranI gaNatarIe lekhIe te 520-256=364 eka ja vyakti lekhI che. temAM Apela pAMca rAjAonAM Avaze, jyAre azokane maraNa pAmyAne paNa cha varSa nAma:-(1) eTika, siriyAno rAjA (enTi thaI gayAM hatAM ane 547nI gaNatarI laIe te okasa pahele, dhI soraTara) i. sa. pU. 200-262 543-2pa6=387 Avaze ke jyAre aze ke kyAranI (2) tumaya, IjIptane roja (TAlemI 2 je, nivRtti paNa laI lIdhI hatI. A pramANe emAMthI zIlADelaphasa) I. sa. pU. 285-247 sudhI eka rIte 256no AMka buddhasaMvata sAthe (8) maka-siriyAno megasa, I. sa. pU. thayo. eTale vidvAne pAchI muMjhavaNamAM paDayA ne temaNe 300-250 upara jaNAvyA pramANe 256 rAtrIpUjA-bhaktimAM (4) eNTikinI-mesiDonIyAno enTIgansa gALI hatI e no artha besArI dIdho. paraMtu geTasa; I. sa. pU. 276-239. kharI hakIkata e che ke A sarva lekho kotarAvanAra (5) alekjhAMDara-epAirasane alekjhAMDara: I. rAjA priyadarzina che. te jainadhamAM hatuM eTale te sa. pU. 27ra-255 mahAvIranAsaMvatane mAnate ho, tathA sahaAma gAme have je A pAMce yavanapatinA samaya sAthe lekhamAM 256nI sAla lakhavAno muddo e hato ke, te azokanA samayane sarakhAvIzuM to temAMnA cAra te sthAne samrATa azoka ma. saM. 256mAM maraNa pAmyA (1, 2, 4 ane 5) azoke nivRtti lIdhI te pachI ho, ema priyadarzine jAhera karyuM che. eTale siddha thAya Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] che ke, azAka ane priyadarzina bhinna hatA, temaja priyadarzina jaina matAnuyAyI hatA. [ 303 rAjye 21mA varSe (472-21) 451 mAM pAMDuvAsanuM maraNa thayuM. (4) caMdraguptanA 14mA varSe (382-14) 368mAM paMkuDaka maraNa pAmyA. (u) azAkanA rAjyAbhiSeka bAda 17 mA varSe (326-17) 309 mAM muTAsiva maraNa pAmyA. (R) ane priyadarzinanA rAjye (jene vidvAnAe azAka gaNAvyA che) 26mA varSe (290-26) 264mAM tissAnuM maraNu thayuM hatuM. [dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM ke, tissA nAme be purUSo thayA che. eka, azAkanA bhAI tissA (amane khyAla che tyAMsudhI tenuM nAma tissA nahIM paNa tiSya hatuM. jue prA. bhAratavarSa pu. 2, pR. 261, TI. naM. 63) ane khIjo siMhalapati tissA. A banne nAmanI priya-sAmyatAne lIdhe vidvAnetAe bannene tissA nAmathI saMmeAdhyA che te annenAM maraNu aroAkanA rAjye thayAnuM manAvyuM che, temAMne azAkane| bhAI te azAkanA rAjye 8mA varSe (318mAM) maraNa pAmyA che. paNu siMhalapati rAjA tissA teA priyadarzinanA rAjye 26mA vaSe (290-26) 263-4 maraNa pAmela che chatAM, azAka ane priyadarzinane eka mAnatA heAvAthI temaNe siMhalapatine paNa azAkanA rAjye maraNa pAmyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. jyAre kharI hakIkata ema che ke para0 482 38 482 481 1 481 451 3. I. sa. pU. I. sa. pU. varSa siMhalapati muTAsIna maraNa pAmyA che, (pu. 2, pR. 264, TI. naM. 71) tyAre azAkanuM rAjya (rAjyAbhiSeka bAda) 17 varSa te cAlI paNa gayuM hatuM ane bAkI 20 varSa ja rahyAM hatAM tathA azAkanA maraNu samaye tirasAne gAdIe besI gayA lagabhaga tereka varSa paNa thaI gayAM hatAM. eTale mAnavuM ja rahe che ke rAjA tissAnuM maraNa azAkanI pAchaLa gAdoe AvanAra priyadarzinanA rAjya 26mA varSe thayuM hatuM.] 451 431 20 431 368 64 368 309 59 309 303 da ** 10 uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAe siddhApura, brahmagiri, rUpanAtha che. I. nA anya lekhAmAMthI paNa te ja hakIkatane samarthana maLI AvatuM rahe che. temAM spaSTarIte darzAvAyuM che ke, priyadarzine potAnI 32 varSanI uMmara hatI tyAre te ubhA karAvyA che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke tenA janma I. sa. pU. 303-4mAM thayA hatA. (enzanTa iMDiyA pu. 2, pR. 256 ane AgaLa) te gaNatrIe tenuM 33muM varSa I. sa. pU. 270-1 Avaze. tene mahAvIra saMvatamAM pheravI nAkhatAM AbAda 256nI sAla AvI raheze, je AMka sahasrAmanA lekhamAM paNa jaNAvela che. AthI e vAtanI sAbitI maLI rahI. (1) darzana jainadharmI hatA ne teNe ja sarva khaDalekhe taiyAra karAvyA che, nahIM ke samrATa zeke (ra) tathA priyadarzina ane azAka khanne judI ja vyakti che. anya dezonA itihAsa pazu sarakhAvI joIe. mahAvaMza ane khIjA bauddhagraMthA AdhAre nIce pramANe sidghaladvIpanA rAjAonI vaMzAvaLI (i. e. 1914, pR. 169 TI. 63: kru hi. IM. tathA mahAvaMza VII, 11) goThavAya che. (1) vijaya (2) gALA (inTareganama) (3) pAMDuvAsa (4) abhaya (5) paMkuDaka (lUMTArA) (6) musATIva (7) gALA (inTareganama) (8) tissA (9) uttiya 303 263 263 253 uparanI sAlavArI sAthe, magadhapatinI vaMzAvaLIo sarakhAvatAM, badhA meLa paNa maLI rahe che; jema ke (a) ajAtazatrunA rAjye 8mA varSe (para8-8) para0 mAM vijaya gAdIe beThe| ane udyanarAjye 14mA varSe (496-14) 482mAM te maraNu pAmyA. (A) nAgadarzaka Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat khIjA dezAnA itihAsa zuM kahe che te paNa tapAsIe. nigliva ane rUminDIAInA staMbhalekhathI mAlUma paDe che ke priyadarzine, nepALa, bhUTAna, tikheTa I. himAlayanI pelI pAranA dezonI mulAkAta lIdhI che. vaLI kAzmiranA itihAsathI jANI cUkayA chIe (mAxbhA. pu. 2, pR. 489 ane AgaLa) tyAM dharmAzAka nAme eka rAjA thayA hatA. mi. TAmAsanA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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304 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo " [ prAcIna kathana pramANe (kala9NakRta rAjataraMgiNi-anuvAdaka zake che ke (1) azokanA maraNa pachI turata ja magadha che. sTAIna) teNe te dezamAM jainadharma dAkhala karyo sAmrAjyanA be bhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. pUrva hatuM. eTale mAnavAne kAraNe maLe che ke, kadAca je ane pazcima (2) pUrvabhAga upara azokano eka rAjAe A lekhe ubhA karAvyA che tene saMbaMdha hoya. pautra dazaratha rAjya karatA hatA, ne tenuM rA vaLI tibeTane nAmAMkita vidvAna paM. tArAnAtha khATAna pATaliputra hatuM jyAre pazcimabhAga upara azokanA vize lakhatAM jaNAve che ke, saMbAti (saprati) e te bIjA pautra saMpratine adhikAra hato ne tenuM rAjanagara deza upara 54 varSa rAjya karyuM che. mahAvaMzamAM A ujainI hatuM (3) tibeTane rAjA bAti (saMpratinuM pradezanA rAjAnI je vaMzAvaLI ApI che temAM dharmA- apabhraMza lAge che, jene smithe, kAzmiranA dharmazAka zokanuM rAjya 54 varSa cAlyAnuM kahyuM che. A saMbaMdhamAM tarIke oLakhAvyo che, teNe 54 varSa rAjya karyuM mi. vinseTa rimathe (azoka pR. 82) TIkA karatAM hatuM, jyAre azoke mAtra 41 varSa karyuM che. AthI jaNAvyuM che ke "azokanuM rAjya 54 varSa TharAvIne, vadhAre nahIM te eka vastu te spaSTa thAya che ja ke I. sa. pU. 301-2mAM laI javAthI dekhItI rIte (tibeTane) saMboti te kAzmirano dharmAzAka bhale na 48-49 varSa pUrve tene laI javo paDe che." (A heya, paraMtu te ane azoka bhinna to che ja, kemake varNana mi. smithe paMDita tArAnAthe karela sitA , 5Data tArAnAtha karela tibeTanA eke 54 varSa ane bIjAe 41 varSa rAjya karyuM che. rAjakumAra kathananA vRttAMtamAMthI utAryuM che. ane upara TakelI sarva hakIkate ne avataraNane pitAne zaMkA lAgavAthI,dekhItI rIte zabda upara khAsa samIkaraNa karIzuM te e ja sAra nIkaLaze ke, azokanuM bhAra mUkayo hoya ema lAge che, eTale ke temaNe rAjya I. sa. pU. 330-28941 varSanuM hatuM; azakane ja dharmaka mAnI lIdhuM che. paraMtu bhUlavuM priyadarzina urphe saMprati (saMbAti athavA dharmazAka) joituM nathI ke, azake 41 varSa rAjya karyuM che jyAre tene pautra thato hato ane tenI pAchaLa turata ja priyadarzine 54 varSa karyuM che. A sabati ane dharmAzoka gAdIe beTho hato tathA 54 varSa rAjya karyuM hatuM vize have patto meLavIe. mi. smitha lakhe che ke eTale tene rAjyakALa I. sa. pU. 289 thI 235 (azoka pR. 70) -" azokanA maraNa pachI, maurya sudhIne gaNI zakAya. sAmrAjyanA be bhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. pUrva haju vizeSa pUrAvo je hoya te, cinAI bhAganI rAjadhAnI pATaliputra hatI ane tyAM dazarathane tavArIkhanA banAvo tapAsIzuM. pelA nAmAMkita lekhaka adhikAra hatA, jyAre pazcimanI rAjadhAnI ujenI mi. rokIle vizvabharanI tAjubImAMnI lekhAtI hatI ane tyAM saMpratine adhikAra hato. magadhanA cInAI dIvAlanA kartA cinAI zahenazAha zihu-vAMga samrATonI nAmAvalImAM saMpratinuM nAma purANakAre e vize keTaluMka varNana ApyuM che. temAMthI mi. smitha mUkayuM paNa che." bIjA lekhaka kahe che ke (ma. sA. eka vAka utAratAM jaNAve che ke, " I. pR. 654) "magadha upara saMmatie rAjya karyA samrATe I. sa. pU. 246-210=36 varSa rAjya karyuM vizenA pUrAvAne TeTa nathI." vaLI ke hi. I. pR. hatuM, ane 221 mAM zahenazAha banyA hatA tathA 166 mAM lakhela che ke, " azokanA bIjA pautra moTI dIvAla bAMdhI hatI. A tArIkho aMdAja kharI saMpratie sevisa ujanamAM rAjya bhagavyuM che. " lAge che kemake azokanuM rAjaya I. sa. pU. 273 thI janamaMya pariziSTa parvamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, azokanA 242 sudhI cAlyuM che." (azoka, pR. 81). tra saMprati, azAkanI pachI gAdIe uparamAM ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe ke beTho hato. eTale ke saMprati azokane pautra thato hato. azokano samaya 330-289 no che. paNa jo tene uparanAM sarva avataraNane sAra A pramANe nIkaLI samaya 273 ne laIe to teno artha e thayo ke,

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsA zinhuvAMga 246mAM, eTale azAka gAdIe beThA pachI 27 varSe rAjA thayA che. jethI 330 mAMthI 27 varSa jatAM, 303 mAM kharI te rIte gAdIe beThA kahevAro ane tenuM rAjya 303-2 67=36 varSI cAlyuM kahevAze. A samaye priyadarzinanuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM eTale te, azeAkanA nahIM paNa priyadarzinanA samakAlIna gaNAze. vaLI te gAdIe AvyA pachI 246-221=25 mA varSe zahenazAha banyA che, jethI tenI kharI sAla 303-25=278 Avaze. khIjI khAju priyazine peAtAnA staMbhalekhamAM jaNuAvyuM che, ke teNe 14mA varSe 290-14=276 mAM nepAlanI prathama, ane te khAda cha varSe (peAtAnA rAjye 20mA varSe) 270mAM khIjI vAranI mulAkata lIdhI hatI; ane te samaye teNe tibeTa, khAtAna vagere himAlayanI uttaranA pradeze| jItI lIdhA paNa hatA. A uparathI spaSTa thaze ke, zihvAMge samrATapada dhAraNa karyuM te pachI dADha elke tenA maraNunA-samAcAra maLatAM ja tarata te varSe ja priyadarzine, prathama prayANa te khAjI karyuM che. svadeze pAchA pharyAM hatA. saMbhava che ke cinAI zahenacinAI zahenazAhe te divAla pAte samrATa anyA zAhane, pAte dIrghadaSTithI baMdhAvelI divAla hiMdI pachI AMdhI hatI ke prathamathI ja baMdhAyalI hatI te samrATane anullaMghanIya dekhAvAthI caDAI karavAnA ceAkkasa jaNAvyuM nathI. paraMtu jo samrATapada dhAraNa irAde paDatA mUkAyA haze, evA vicAre saMteASa paNu karyo pachI ja bAMdhI hoya te| ema artha thAya ke, upajyA hAya. priyadarzina taraphathI cIna upara caDAinI khIkane lIdhe tema karyuM haze. ane pUrve baMdhAyalI hAya te, prathama te lAkaDAnI bAMdhI hAvI joie; kemakra hiMdu ane cIna vacce, cheka rAjA biMbisAranA samayathI vepArInI AvA thayA karatI hatI. temaNe magadhanI rAjadhAnI pATaliputrane cAre bAju pharatI lAkaDAnI divAlanI hakIkata sAMbhaLelI paNa hAvI joie. jethI tenuM anukaraNa karAyuM lekhAya. paraMtu priyadarzina jotajotAmAM jyAre tibheTa ane khATAna lai lIdhAM tyAre tevA samartha AkramaNakArane lAkaDAnI divAlathI khALI rAkhavAnuM duSkara lAgavAthI, cinanA bAdazAhe tAbaDatoba paththaranI divAlamAM pheravI nAkhavAnuM munAsIba dhAryuM haze. A divAla AMdhavAmAM akalpIta jhaDapathI kAma levAyuM che. te kAmamAM lagabhaga cAralAkha mANasane rAkaLyA hatA. vaLI jo kAi majura potAnA kAmamAM 39 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 305 edila dekhAtA te tene sakhta zikSA karavAmAM AvatI. keTalAkane zarIranA avayaveA paNa gumAvavA paDayA hatA. A hakIkatathI saheja kalpanA karI zakAya che ke, teNe kevI jhaDapathI ane priyadarzina taraphathI caDAIne lIdhe kevI adhikArAIthI, te kAma pUrUM karyuM hovuM joie. paraMtu khATAna jItI kAzmirane raste thaine priyadarzinane svadeza sidhAvatA jyAre teNe sAMbhaLyA tyAre tene chUTakArAtA krama lIdhA haze. krarIte cha varSe pAA priyadarzina nepAla gaye| tyAre teA divAla pUrI thayAne khAreka mahInA paNa thai gayA hatA; paNa priyadarzinane cina dezanI ke tenI divAlanI kAMI paDI ja nahAtI tenA kAraNa mATe jue, enzanTa IMDiyA, pu. 2 pR. 282-86). tene samaya maLyeA hAta teAye caDAI karI hota ke krama te prazna che, kemake A samaye I. sa. pU. 270 mAM samrATa azokanI bhara mAMdagInA- pR. 296 thI 305 sudhI karela carcAnuM yathAsthita manana karavAmAM Avaze teA cAkkasa nirNaya baMdhAze ke (1) se'OMkrATasa te caMdragupta nahIM paNa azAka hatA. (2) zAkanuM rAjya I. sa. pU. 330 thI 289=41 varSa cAlyuM hatuM. alekjhAMDarane te ja maLyA hatA, temaja selyukase 304 mAM tene ja pAtAnI putrI paraNAvI hatI. (3) tenI pachI priyadarzina gAdIe beThA hatA. tenuM rAjya 289 thI 235=54 varSa cAlyuM hatuM ane te zAkane pautra thatA hatA. (4) sarve khaDakalekhA ane staMbhalekhA azoka nahIM paNa priyadarzite ja karAvyA hatA. te pote jaina hAvAthI, te lekhAmAM jainadharmanAM siddhAMtAnuM nirUpaNu karAyeluM che. atyAre vidvAne tene je bauddhadharmane lagatuM mAne che te taddana bhUla bhareluM che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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306 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo 3 caiAgI thaI paDe che tathA tenI madadathI se aekATasacaMdragrupta, temaja azoka-priyadarzina saMbaMdhI cAlI Avela mAnyatAmAM kuvA khaheALA pramANamAM palaTA thaI gayA che te sadhaLuM, upara karela carcAthI have ApaNI samajaNamAM AvI gayuM che. te ja pramANe itihAsa sarjanamAM eka bIjI aMga je madadarUpa thaI paDe tema che, chatAM je taraph joi teTaluM dhyAna apAyuM nathI, tenuM vivecana atra karavA mAMgu chuM. jema zilAlekha ane sikkAlekhanuM mahattva aMkAya che tema pustakamAM ApelI prazastionuM mUlya paNa lekhAya che ane te ja hisAbe temanI madada anivArya gaNAya che. ATaluM teA temAM Avela akSarAnI kiMmata pUratuM thayuM; jyAre sikkAomAM lekhanA zabdo uparAMta keTalAMka cihna, dazyA ane mahArAMnI chApa i. heAya che eTale te pramANamAM tenI upayeAgatA vizeSa gaNavI rahe che. jema sikkAmAM che tema, jene TApsa-rUpA tarIke oLakhAvAya che temAM paNu, lekhA ane dRzyA bhrAtarAyalAM heAya che. eTale temanI kIMmata paNa sikkA jeTalI ja lekhI zakAya, kha- keTaleka darajje vizeSa itihAsa sarjanamAM samayAvalI keTalI badhI upa-avalokanamAM phaLaprApti heAvA chatAM, te taraph joke anya kalAkArAnuM ane vijJAnIonuM lakSa deArAyuM che paraMtu, RtihAsakArAnuM lakSa joie teTaluM kheMcAyuM nathI e dekhItuM che. kAraNa game te hAya paNa amArI najaramAM te tenI alpa saMkhyAne lIdhe ja tema banavA pAmyAnuM dekhAya che. je sthAne atyAre stUpe astitva dharAvatA dekhAya che tevAM sthAnAnI gaNatrI letAM sArAye hindamAM mAtra cAranI saMkhyA mArI najare caDe che. tenAM nAma (1) sAMcI (ra) bhArahuta (3) amarAvatI (4) ane mANiyAla che. jyAre (5) pAMcamAM sthAna tarIke sileAnanI eka vakhatanI rAjadhAnI anurUddhapUranA paNa samAveza karI zakAze. jyAre stUpo hatA paNa vinAzane pAmyA che tevAM sthaLAnI zakayatAmAM, mathurA, gira (hAthIrguphAnA lekha pramANe) ane takSIlA maLI traNanI kahI zakAze. najare paDatA stUponAM pAMca sthaLAmAM chellAM cAra sthAne ekeka TApa ubhelA dekhAya che. jyAre sAMcI ane tenI AsapAsanA cAra pAMca mAIlanA vyAsavALA gherAvAmAM nAnA meATA maLIne lagabhaga 58 thI 60 jeTalA stUpe Avela che (jIe pu. 4. pR. 27). te sarvemAMthI eka, be ke traNa sivAyanA sadhaLA, ekalaDAkala sthitimAM caNatararUpe meATA guMbajanA AkAramAM ane durasta temaja bhagna avasthAmAM, ubhA rahelA dekhAya che. vaLI je apavAdarUpe eka khene jaNAvyA che temAM mukhya guMbajanI AsapAsa cAre tarapha pattharanI divAla rUpe gaDha-kaMpAunDa bAMdhela che tathA te kaMpAunDane dareka dizAe ekeka pravezadvAra-siddAra che. vizeSa jANavAnI icchA haiAya temaNe te te sthAnanA khAsa paNa lekhAya. kemake, sikkAmAM tapAsavAnuM kSetra bahumAM bahu te tenI anne bAjune ekatrita karatAM jeTalA vistAra thAya teTaluM ja heAya che, jyAre TApsamAM avalAkana karavA mATe te keTalAyegaNuM moTuM ane vistRta kSetra paDeluM hAya che. vaLI aneka prakAranAM dasyA haiAvAthI, vadhAre baheALA pramANamAM sarakhAmaNI karI jovAnuM, tathA te upara ciMtvana ane manana karI nirNaya bAMdhavAnuM sugamatA vALuM ane sAnu-varNana ApatAM pustakA nihALavAM. atra teA saMkSiptamAM ApaNA upayega pUratuM ja vivecana karyuM che. kULatA vALuM cai paDe che. ATalI ATalI TApsanA 1. A. sa. IM. pu. 15. pR. 20: We know of but two very distinct type of Stupas. The more common is exemplified in those of Manikyal, Sanchi, Saranath and Anuruddhapur in Ceylon, they have a circular basement supporting a hemispherlcal_dome_etc.=kevaLa [ prAcIna Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat judI ja bhAtanA (stupA) be prakAranA ApaNe jANIe chIe. (tenAM) sa sAmAnya dRSTAMta tarIke mANiyAla, sAMcI, sAranAtha ane silenamAMnA anurUddhapuranA (stUpe) kahI zakAze. te (sarvamAM) gALa pharatA cAkara hAya che jenA upara ardhA gALAkAre caNelA guMbaja ubheA karela hAya che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 307 prathama ApaNe naM. 3 vALA amarAvatI stUpanI stupa was a Buddhist document=karnala hakIkata hAtha dharIzuM. A. sa. pI. I, pu. 15 mAM mekenjhInA samaya pachI lAMbe kALe evuM anumAna madrAsa ilAkAnA guMdIvADa ane kaccha jIllAnAM anya karAyo hato ke amarAvatI stUpa bauddhadharmanuM smAraka zahera sAthe amarAvatIne lagatuM varNana ApavAmAM che." matalaba ke tene bauddhadharmo TharAva mata paNa AvyuM che, jene lagatI keTalIka hakIkata prA. bhAratavarSa pravartamAna che. paraMtu zilpakaLAnI oLakhanA us 5.4, pR. 317 thI AgaLa, temaja pR. 371 ane abhyAsI tathA te viSaya upara be moTA graMtho pragaTa ogaLamAM utAravAmAM AvI che. temaja te svapanA karanAra mi. jemsa pharagyusana, amarAvatI TopanA mULa zodhaka karnala mekenjhIno vistArapUrvaka hevAla, zilpa-dazyonuM avalokana karI pitAnuM maMtavya vyakta A. sa. I. pu. 1 (nyu impiriala sirijha pu. 6) karatAM jaNAve che (hi. I. I. A. pu. 1. pR. 112) 1882 (mudrita 1887) mAM sarakAre bahAra pADayo "As repeatedly mentioned, there is che. temAM pR. 23 upara lakhela che ke "In the little trace of any image of Buddha inscriptions this building is called the or Buddhistic figure being set up for Mahachaitya or the Great Chaitya= worship, much before the Christian A makAnane zilAlekhamAM mahAtya tarIke oLa- era vAraMvAra (huM) kahI rahyo chuM tema, buddhadevanI ke khAvyuM che" vaLI te ja pustake mR. 1mAM jaNAvelA bauddhadharmane lagatI keI AkRti-mUrti-pUjA mATe che ke " The inscriptions we have of sthApana karAyAnI leza paNa sAbitI maLatI nathIPulumavi and Yagnashree from Amra. (baje) I. sa. pU. nA samaya pahelAM te vizeSapaNe vati=pulumAvI ane yajJazrInA zilAlekho amarA- (tema banyuM che)" kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke, bauddha vatImAMthI ApaNane maLI AvyA che." AmAMno eka dharmamAM pUjA-bhakti nimitte kaI mUrtinI sthApanA, lekha ke. . re. mAMthI ApaNe uddhata paNa karyo che I. sa. pU. nA samaya sudhI thayAne temane kiMcitamAtra ( juo A pustake, chaThThA parica lekha 19) paNa pUrAvo maLe nathI ema te bhArapUrvaka jaNAve che. A sarvathI khAtrI thAya che ke amarAvatI stUpane eTale je kaI mUrti I. sa. pU. nA samayanI karI AMdhrapatinA samayamAM mahAtya tarIke oLakhavAmAM zakatI hoya te te bauddhadharmanI nathI e cokkasapaNe AvatA hatA tathA temaNe potAnA dharma mATe tyAM mAnavuM rahe che. temanA jevA ja bauddha sAhityanA eka keTaluMka dAna paNa karyo che. karnala mekenjhIne mata A bIjA aThaMga abhyAsI che. rIjha DevIjha pitAnA stUpa vize noMdhatAM temAM lakhela che ke (majakara 5. pR. 3) buddhisTIka iMDiyA granthamAM pR.15mAM svataMtra maMtavyarUpe " His own belief that it might be orola "As usual, the Buddha him. Jain was credible=a (224) rabat 1912. self is not delineated at the Bharhuta temane mata vadhAre vizvasanIya che" jyAre ke. . Stupa=hamezanI peThe, bhArahata stUpa (nAM dazya)mAM re.nA lekhaka Do. resane te tene jaina matAnuyAyI buddha bhagavAnanI kaI pratikRti-cahero ja katarA hevAnuM jarA vadhAre bhArapUrvaka jaNAvyuM che. game tema dekhAte) nathI; eTale ke, jema anya ThekANe buddhache, paraMtu jema A be vidvAnoe te stUpane jaina- devanI ke mUrti ke biba hamezAM kotarAyelI najare dhama TharAvavAnuM valaNa darzAvyuM che tema (teja pustakamAM paDe che tema bhArahuta stUpanAM dAmAM banavA pAmyuM pR. 23 upara) jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke "Long nathI. temanI kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, jyAM jyAM after Col. Mackenzie's time, it was buddhadeva ke bauddhadharmane lagatuM smAraka hoya che tyAM tyAM first surmised that the Amravati sarvathA ane sarvadA temanI pratimA ke biba sthApana

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308 ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna karavAno rivAja ja paDI gayela che, chatAM te niyama yelAM najare paDe che paNa mULa svarUpa-jenI pUjA bhakti bhArata svapamAM sacavAyale dekhAtuM nathI. eTale karavA mATe te Akhoye stupa ubhuM karavAmAM Avyo che sAra e nIkaLe che ke, bhArahata stUpa bauddhadharmI te mUrtirUpe nathI, balka (pu. 4, AkRti naM. 40 tathA smAraka hovA vize temane zaMkA ubhavI che. atra 41) caraNa pAdukArUpe ja che. eTale, upara jaNAvela ApaNe amarAvatI svapanuM varNana karI rahyA chIe siddhAMta pramANe te te bAddhadharmI paNa hoya ane jene jyAre hakIkta bhArahata stUpanI TaMkAI gaI che, tethI dhama paNa hoya. sAthe sAthe yAda rAkhavAnuM ke, te vAcakane te kadAca asaMgata lAgaze. temanA mananuM oNpanI jagyAethI aneka mUrtio paNa maLI AvI samAdhAna karavAne jaNAvavAnuM ke AdhAravALuM vAkya che. temAMnI be (jenuM varNana AgaLanI lITIomAM te, bauddhadharmamAM mUrti ketarAvavAnI praNAlikAyAranI apAyuM che) vidvAna zeAdhake-kahe ke madrAsa sarakAranA thaI lAge che te paratve dhyAna kheMcavA pUratuM ja che, saMzodhana khAtAe sAcavI rAkhIne raju paNa karI bAkI jyAre temAM bhArahatanuM nAma spaSTapaNe darzAvAyuM dIdhI che. eTale mUrtionuM astitatva paNa kahI che ne tatsaMbaMdhI temaNe pitAne abhiprAya jaNAvI dIdhe Ape che ke te auddhidhama stUpa nathI kemake amarAvatI che te, (AgaLa upara) ApaNe jyAre A pArigrAphamAM stUpane samaya ja I. sa. pU.ne che. joke vidvAnoe tenuM vivecana karIzuM tyAre te upayogamAM laIzuM, ne mahAvijayanA kartA rAjA khAravelano samaya, zuMgavaMzI levAna paNa che. A baMne vidvAnonA abhiprAyo puSyamitranA samakAlIna tarIke lekhIne I. sa. pU. khUba uMDA abhyAsanA pariNAmajanya hovAthI vizeSa 180ne TharAvyo che paNa ApaNI gaNatrIe I. sa. vajanadAra lekhAtA AvyA che ane temanA kahevA pU. 429 eTale pAMcamI sadIno che. mAnyatAmAM pramANe siddha thAya che ke, I. sa. pU. nA samaye bauddha bhale samaya paratve aDhI varSane phera che chatAMye te smArakamAM koI mati ke AkAra kotaravAmAM Avato te I. sa. pU. to che ja ne? ane uparano siddhAMta nahe. A siddhAMtane uthalAvIne bIjA zabdomAM je paNa e ja kahe che ke, I. sa. pU.nI je mUrti hoya raju karIe te, ema phalitArtha nIkaLe che ke, I. sa. te te bauddhanI nahIM paNa jainadharmI ja lekhAya. eTale pU. nA samayanI je koI mUrti-AkAra ke biba maLI paNa sAbita thaI jAya che ke amarAvatI stupa jainaAve che te jainadharmanI ja che ema samajI levuM. paraMtu dharmano ja che. chatAye zaMkAne jarA paNa sthAne na AkArarUpe na hoya ne kevaLa pAdacihnarUpe hoya to te maLavuM joIe te hisAbe vizeSa sAbitI meLavavA jainadharmanuM paNa smAraka hoya athavA bauddhadharmanuM paNa heya. ApaNe nIkaLavuM rahyuM. eTale amarAvatI svapanA mULa zodhaka karnala hAthIzaMkAne kartA rAjA khAravela che ane teNeja mekenjhInA ane ke. A. 2. nA lekhaka che. repsananA A mahAvijayaprAsAda banAvarAvyo che ema svamukhe che. 307 upara jaNAvela mata pramANe, jainadharmano te te jAhera kare che (jIe hAthIguMkA lekha paMkti 10, stUpa hevAnuM jaNAyuM che, chatAM te baiddhamato paNa A pustake pR. 277) eTale te vastu to nirvivAda ja hovA vize jyAre prazna udbhavyo hato tyAre ApaNe karI che. tema rAjA khAravela pite jainadharmI che te paNa anya purAvA zodhavA prayAsa karavo paDyo hato. vidvAnone kabUla maMjUra ja che. eTale te nyAye A vizeSamAM uparanA pArigrAphe je siddhAMta tAravI kADhayo che mahAvijaya prAsAda-amarAvatI stUpa-jainadharmanuM smAraka te AdhAre A praznane kasI jotAM bahu upayogI nirNaya hovAnI khAtrI thaI cUkI gaNAya; chatAM vizeSa jIvate badhAya tema dekhAtuM nathI. kharI vAta che ke, amarAvatI jAgate pUrA joItA hoya to, te stUpamAMthI tUpanA bAhya ketarakAmamAM AkRtirUpe aneka do je be mUrtio bedakAma karanArA khAtAne maLI (5. 4, AkRti 37 tathA A pustakanI chevaTe) ketarA- AvI che te paNa raju karAI che (pR. 4, AkRti

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uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsA bhAratavarSa ] naM. 38, 39; vaLI jIe A pustakanA aMte ) te anne mUrti jainadharmanA 23mA tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthanI che. tenuM svarUpa mAtra jovAthI paNu, game tevA khIna anubhavI paNu, vinA saMzaya kahI zake tema che ke te pArzvanAthanI che, ane tethI jainadharmInI ja che. A badhAM nivedanathI ceAkkasa khAtrI thAya che ke, amarAvatI stUpa kevaLa jainadharmanA pratikarUpa ja che. vidvAnoe tene je auddhadharmI jAhera karyo che te temanA jainadharma viSayaka abhyAsanI khAmIne lIdhe manavA pAmyuM che ema samajavuM. A pramANe amarAvatI stUpane itihAsa jANavA. have tevA ja khIjo stUpa-sAMcIneA che te vize vicAra karIe. sAMcIne pradeza ane temAM ubhA karAyalA rUpA jainadharmanA smArakarUpe che ema prAcIna bhAratavarSa pu. 1 mAM pR. 181, pR. 186-92 sudhI ane 195-200 sudhI tathA pu. 2 mAM caMdraguptanA vRttAMte pR. 190-96 sudhI, tathA samrATa priyadarzinanA vRttAMte pR. 371 mAM temaja pu. 4 mAM kuzAnavaMzIonA adhikAre pR. 154; tathA rR. 218-19 temaja pR. 369 thI3 sudhI--ema judA judA prasaMgA upasthita thatA, aneka sAkSI ane pUrAvAo ApI siddha karI batAvyuM che. eTale tenI carcAmAM na utaratAM, te pradezanI mahattA jainadharmanA kayA prasaMga sAthe yukta thayela che te samajAvavA ja atra prayatna karIzuM. jainasAhityanA samartha sAhityakAra ane vivecaka zrIhemacaMdrasUrie peAtAnA pariziSTaparvamAM, anya krAI pradezanA zAsakeAnI nAmAvaLI na ApatAM kevaLa avaMtinI ja ApI che. te vastu ja batAvI Ape che ke te sthAna viSe temane khAsa viziSTatA darzAvavAnI upaye|gitA lAgI che. temAM paNa tenI Adi, (2) pradyotasya pritha duhitaraM vatsarAjo'tra janhe | haima tAla drumavanamabhudatratasyaiva rAjJa // ( pUrva medhadUta ) pUrve AMhI harI, udayane (vatsarAja) vhAlI pradyota (mahAsena) putrI; Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 309 dvAdaza zrImahAvIranA nirvANunI rAtrIe atipati rAjA caMDapraghotanuM je maraNa thayuM che tyAMthI ja karI khatAvI che. eTale samajavuM rahe che ke temane ati sAthe mahAvIranA nirvANunA saMbaMdha che ema khatAvavAneA Azaya paNa hAya. vaLI jainamra thAthI eTaluM teA spaSTapaNe jaNAyuM che ke, zrImahAvIre pAtAne kaivalyajJAna utpanna thayA bAda, khIje divase gautamAdina ziSyA banAvI je sthaLe gaNadharA nImyA che te tenuM nAma madhyama apApAnagarI hatI. temaja potAnA svargavAsa paNa madhyama apApAmAM thayA che. eTale ke gaNadharapadanI sthApanA ane nirvANa pAmavAnuM sthaLa eka ja nagare che. khAramI sadInA racayita, zrIguNacaMdranA mahAvIracaritra pU. 251, prastAva 8 mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, jojana cheTe rahelI madhyamAnagarI tarapha (zrImahAvIra) javA lAgyA. pachI jeTalAmAM svAmI madhyamAM nagarIe paheAMcyA nathI teTalAmAM te madhyamAMnagarInI najIkamAM rahelA mahAsena udyAnamAM devatAe samAvasaraNanI racanA zarU karI." A uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke zrImahAvIrane kaivalyajJAna utpanna thayA bAda ane prathama dezanA niSphaLa thayA bAda, dvAdaza yAjana vihAra karIne madhyamAnagarIe te pahoMcyA che. tyAM gAma bahAra mahAsena vanamAM te samAsaryAM che.2 te caturvidhasaMdhanI sthApanA karI che. jainasatyaprakAza, pu. 4. rR.15 mAM lakhela che ke, "A pAvApurInuM prathama nAma apApApurI hatuM. ahIM zrI hastipAla rAjA rAjya karatA hatA. vIra nirvANu pUrve 30 varSe bhagavAna mahAvIre ahIM padhArI iMdrabhUti-gautama vagere mukhya agiyAra brAhmaNAne pratikheAdha karI saMghasthApanA karI hatI. A pachI kharAkhara trIsa varSe aMtima catu+mAsa mATe prabhu mahA te rAjAnuM ahIM vana hatuM. tAlanuM hemavaNuM [nAMdha: tathaiva rAkhyuM che te, te rAjanI vananI mAlikI uparAMta, te vananuM nAma paNa rAjAnA nAme ja (eTale ke mahAsena rAjA ane e mahAsena vana prAcIna itihAsamAM jANItuM che) hatuM, te sUcavavAne ja vaparAyA lAge che. ] www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uThela carcAnA ane praznoMnA khulAsA 310 ] vIra ahIM padhAryAM ane temanI prANimAtrane hitakA rINI aMtima dezanA ahIMja thaI." vividha tIrthakalpa, pR. 44, siMdhI granthamALAnA vAcanathI paNa teja abhiprAya upara avAya che. temaja caMDapradyota avaMtipatinuM kharUM nAma mahAsena hatuM te jainagranthamAM, temaja kavI bhAsanA 'svapnavAsavadatA' Adi granthAthI suprasiddha che. medhadUtanA kartA kalidAsa kavie tA eTale sudhI jaNAvyuM che ke te caDapradyota rAjAnI mAlikInuM ja ane ane tenA ja nAmanuM vana avaMtimAM hatuM. eTale ke atimAM mahAsena nAmavuM vana AveluM che. vaLI traNaseA varSe uparanA jainaAcAryAe banAvela stavana kahe che ke, 4 zAsananA nAyaka evA zrIvIra prabhune jyAre kevaLajJAna upajyuM tyAre, rAjA mahAsena (caMDapradyota) catuvidha saMdhanI sthApanA karavAne (peAtAnA nagaranA) vanamAM AvyA (gayeA) hatA. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke rAjAnuM nAma paNu mahAsena ane vananuM nAma paNa mahAsena hatuM. tyAM kaivalya prApta thayA bAda caturvidha saMdhanI sthApanA (gaNudharapadanI sthApanAne prasaMga paNa tenuM eka aMga ja gaNAya che) rAjA caMDapradyotanI samIpe karavAmAM AvI che ane gaNadhara sthApanAvALuM sthaLa madhyamaapApA hatuM. eTale sarva hakIkatanuM samIkaraNa karIzuM teA litArtha e nIkaLe che ke, caMDapradyota urphe mahAsena avaMtipatinI hAjarImAM tenA nagaranA mahAsena nAmanA eka udyAnamAM ja mahAvIre caturvidha saMdhanI sthApanA karI hatI. ane temanuM nirvANu paNuM te ja nagare eTale te madhyama apApAmAM ja thayuM hatuM. tene te samaye madhyama apApAnA (3) maJjimapAvAha puvi apAvApuri ti nAma Asi / maLa pAvApura tti nAmaMtha bheLa phalya mahAvIrasvAmI dAsano | ghevara vasAsuaArI nivane gaMmizrazAmAyo tti vAralanobaLALa mAnasUga pukhyatve kAle mahAseNavane bhagavathA goamAI gaNaharA khaMDhiagaNa parivuDhA TrilimA muchyA =je madhyama pAvAnagarImAM bhagavAna mahAvIra kALadhama pAmelA te nagarInuM asala nAma Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ prAcIna nAmathI eLakhavAmAM AvatI hatI. khIjI vAta e che ke te 'apApA=pAparahita' nagarIe jyArathI mahAvIra jevA parama pavitra vibhUtinA prANa haryAM tyArathI pApavALI thaI gaI eTale apApAne badale pApApurI. (jue uparanI TIkA naM. 2,) kahevAi ane kALe karI pApApurIne badale pAvApurI nAma tenuM paDI gayuM. matalaba ke pAvApurI te teA leAkavAyakAthI paDI gayeluM nAma che. nahIM ke tenuM kharUM nAma. A pramANe jyAre nakkI thAya che tyAre zrI hemacaMdrasUrie zA mATe kevaLa ati pradezanI ja ane te paNa zrImahAvIranA nirvANu prasaMgane joDIne ja nAmAvaLI ApI che tene garbhita Azaya paNa khullA samajI javAya che. vaLI cArUDha thayela A khInAne nIcenA pArigrApha jaNAvela zilAlekha temaja anya atihAsika pUrAvAthI samarthana maLI jAya che. eTale te hakIkata nakkara satya tarIke svIkAravIja rahe che. mauryavaMzI rAjAne kuladharma jaina hatA. te vazanA Adi samrATa caMdragupte A sAMcI stUpanI pharatI gavAkSamAM dIvAonI hAramALA pragaTAvavAne, sara kaniMgahAmanA kahevA pramANe eka meATI rakamanuM dAna dIdhuM che. (jue pu. 2, pR. 191, TI. 103). jainasAhitya graMthAmAM (ka. sU. su. TI. `pR. 102) jA. vavAmAM AvyuM che ke "jyAre zrImahAvIra kALadharmane pAmyA tyAre ekaThA thayela janasamudAye bhAvadIpaka (zrImahAvIra pAte) adazya thatAM, dravyadIpaka (sAmA nya dIpaka) pragaTAvavA mAMDayA. te divasane dIpotsavI parva-divALInuM parva gaNuvAmAM AvyuM." A hakIkata dIpaka pragaTAvavAnA uparanA kAryanuM smaraNa karAve che. apAvApurI hatuM. paNa bhagavAnanA kALadhama pAmavAthI, zakre tene pAvApUrI kahI. vaLI vaizAkha sUda ekAdazIne divase jaMbhirA gAmathI khAra Ajana eka rAtamAM cAlIne bhagavAna ahIM AvelA, ane ahIM AvI temaNe gautama vagerene pratibeAdha karI dIkSita karelA prANI mAtrane hitakAriNI aMtima dezanA ahIM ja thaI. (4) zAsana nAcaka vIrajI, prabhu kevaLa pAyA / saMdha vidha sthApavA, mahusena vana AyA ! www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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--- - -- - - - -- - ----- bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo . [ 311 ane evA anumAna upara ApaNane laI jAya chevizeSa khAtrI to vaLI ethI maLI rahe che ke, te ke rAjA caMdraguptane Azaya paNa, te stUpanA ja sthAnamAM je kaDakamAM rakSA sAcavI rakhAI che tenA gavAkSamAM dIvA pragaTAvavA mATe dAna devAno hetu kadAca upara "kApa" zabda kotarAyela che. ane e te -te stUpa ja zrImahAvIrane agnidAha dIdhA bAda te jagaprasiddha che ke zrI mahAvIra kAzyapagotrI hatA. sthAne ubho karAyo hata-ema dhyAna doravAno hoya. eTale A sarva hakIkatathI zaMkArahita pUravAra thaI A ApaNuM anumAnane pAchuM tene te ja stUpanI jAya che ke mukhya sAMcItUpa je dekhAvamAM sauthI moTe hakIkatathI samarthana maLI jAya che. te mULa stUpa je che tathA jene " bhiksAsa" nAmanA pustakamAM tenA kampAunDamAM ubhuM karavAmAM Avyo che tenI AsapAsa kartA janarala kaniMgahAme, sAMcItUpa naM. 1 (juo. pu. be nAnA stUpa caNAyela che. A sthiti ApaNane 2 mAM mukhapRSTha citra) tarIke oLakhAvyo che te kAzyapa jainasaMpradAyamAM cAlyA AvatA eka rivAja tarapha dorI gotrI zrI mahAvIrane agnidAha devAyAnA sthaLe ja laI jAya che. temAM evo niyama che ke, jayAre koI ubho karavAmAM AvyuM che. vividhatIrtha ka95mAM paNa tIrthaMkaranuM nirvANa thAya che tyAre temanI sAthe anazana- zrI mahAvIranA nirvANasthAne stUpa ubho karAyAnuM vRta AdarI aneka bhavyAtmAo svargavAsane sAdhI le spaSTa sUcana che. che. te sadagatAtmAonA agnidAha mATe traNa citAo bhUyiSThAzcaryabhUmizvaramajinavarastUparamyasvarUpA racAvAya che (ka. sU. su. TI. pR. 123) eka prabhunA sA'pApA madhyamAdirbhavatu varapurI bhUtaye yAtrikebhyaH // zarIra mATe, eka gaNadharanA zarIra mATe tathA eka vividhatIrthakalpa 25 bAkInAM munionAM zarIra mATe. te sarvenAM zarIrane [artha-je mahada Azcarya bharelI bhUmi che ane je amaka vidhi pramANe agnidahana karyA bAda citAone mahAvIra (carama chanavara) bhagavAnanA stUpavaDe ramya ThArIne temanI dADhAo tathA bAkInA aMgopAMgo grahaNa banelI che evI madhyama apApA, tyAM AvanAra karI jALavI rakhAya che. ane te upara stUpe karAvAya che. yAtrikene mATe Icchita phaLa ApanArI nagarI thAo.] AvA stUpane kAyaniSidhi kahevAya che. jenI sAbitI A sarve sUpa-jemAMnA be pUravAra karI cUkyA ApaNane hAthIzaMkAnA lekhanI paMkti 15thI rAjA chIe ane vizeSanI vigata have ApavAnA chIekhAravele (pR. 4, pR. 304) tevo kAyaniSidhi ubho jainadharmanA smAraka hovA chatAM, sAMcI sivAyanA saghaLe karAyAnI hakIkatathI maLI paNa Ave che. eTale ke ThekANe akeka guMbajAkRti najare paDe che jyAre sAMcInA graMthanI A hakIkatane zilAlekhanI vAtathI Teko maLe sthaLe te lagabhaga 60 jeTalA (pu. 4, pR. 27) che. che. A pramANe mukhya sAMcI stUpa ane tenI pAse tenuM kAraNa paNa have samajAya che ke, hAlanI jainaubhA karAyelA bIjA nAnA be, ema maLIne traNe prajAne te pradeza pitAnA zAsananAyaka evA stupa, upara pramANe varNavAyelI prathAne mUrtimaMta karatA zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANasthAna hovAthI, nAnA ke meTA, ane sAbitI ApatA dekhAya che. vaLI khUbI e AbALa ke vRddha, virati ke avirati, sarvane eka thaI che ke, A pradezamAM lagabhaga sATha jeTalA nAnA tIrthadhAma jevuM gaNAya che ane pitAnA jIvananI meTA stUpa hovA chatAM atyAre lokavAyakA pramANe chellI paLo te sthAne gALavA IcchA dharAve che. te stUpane ja kevaLa "siddhAsthAna" tarIke oLakha- eTale je avaMtipati na hovA chatAM, AMdhrapati zAtavAmAM Ave che. ane siddha zabdakevaLa jainasaMpradAyano ja karaNi (paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 4) e atra AvI (juo A pustake pR. 51, TI. 4) che. eTale dAna ApyuM che. tema ja mathurApati kuzanavaMzI mahAparApUrvathI utarI AvelI daMtakathA pramANe paNa te rAjAdhirAja vake paNa, pite avaMtipati na hovA sthAna ane stUpane arasaparasa joDI batAvAyA che. chatAM, A sthAne AvIne pitAnA nAmane (pR. 4, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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312 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna pR. 130-3) zilAlekha kotarAvyo che. vaLI ApaNe times before the beginning of the jaNAvI gayA chIe ke prAcIna samaye A avaMtinA historical period of India=Azcarya jevuM che pradezanI rAjadhArI najare ghaNI meTI agatyatA ke, stUpanI, vRkSonI (vidvAna jene bedhivRkSa kahe gaNAtI hatI. ane tethI ja kSaharATa nahapANa tathA che ane jene jene rAyaNavRkSa kahe che te) tathA dharmacakra ca9NavaMzI kSatrapAe avaMtinI gAdI meLavIne "rAjA"nuM che. nI pUjAnI spaSTa jevI nizAnIo ochAvadhatA pada dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. paraMtu rAjakIya daSTie avaMtinuM pramANamAM sarvadharmamAM mAlUma paDe che. uparAMta tenI sthAna mekhare gaNAtuM ApaNuM te kathana have pheravavuM rajuAta karatAM zilpada paNa, hiMdanA prAItipaDaze. kemake te pradeza upara Adhipatya meLavavAnI hAsika yuganI Adi thaI te pahelAM paNa ghaNAM varSothI tAlAvelI temane rAjakIya najare nahotI lAgatI paraMtu (sarvadharmanA) vArasAmAM utarI AvavAnuM dharAya che chatAM teo pote jainadhamAM hovAthI (pR. 218 tathA te te eka ja dharmanAM hovAnuM mAnavuM rahe che" eTale pratyekanAM vRttAMta juo) pitAnA paramopakArI ane . byularanuM kahevuM ema thAya che ke pUjAbhakitanI zAsanAdhiSThAtAnI nirvANabhUmi hAIne tenI haMphamAM AvI AvI rAharalmo bhale ati prAcInakALe hiMdanA rAtrIdivasa rahevAnI abhilASAvALI dhArmika najarane sarvadharmomAM pracalita dekhAtI haze chatAM te sarvanuM mULa laine te tAlAvelI sevatA hatA. rAjA nahapANe to eka ja dharmamAM-ane te paNa jainadharmamAM ja apAgodAvarInA mULavALe trirazmi parvatano gavaradhanaprAMta yeluM najare paDe che. ane temanA A abhiprAyane meLavavA je aneka yuddho kheDayAM hatAM temAM paNa dhArmika vahelI ke meDI sarvene saMmati darzAvavI ja paDaze. daSTi ja (pR. 101, TI. naM. 30 juo) mukhyatAe have stupa dharAvatA trIjA sthAnanuM-bhArahatanuMhatI te have barAbara pUravAra thaI jAya che tema ja varNana ApIe. upara jaNAvyA pramANe sarve sUpa prAcIna samaye rAjAo dharmaparAyaNa jidagI gALavAne jenadharmanAM ghAtakarUpa che. pu. 1, pR. 196mAM sAbita tatpara rahetA tathA dharmarakSaNa mATe kurabAnI karI detA karyuM che ke, bhArahuta ane sAMcI tathA mathurAnA tenI sAkSI paNa maLI Ave che (5richeda dazamo stupe-taraNe eka ja prakAranA-kema jANe eka ne. 11nuM vRttAMta). bhale vartamAna vidvAna rAjAonI bIjAnI nakalarUpa-hoIne ( juo A pustakanA aMte ane prajAnI A prakAranI bhakikatAne game te rUpamAM tenAM citro), tema ja pu. 4, pR. 154mAM mathurA nihALe ke game tevA zabdomAM cItarI batAve, athavA enDa iTasa enTIkavITIjha AdhAre sAbita karI te jainadharmanAM cihnonI oLakha na hovAne kAraNe batAvyA pramANe mathurA jainadharmanuM sthAna heIne, A temanAM dhArmika smArakene game te dharmanA nAme caDAvI sthaLone paNa teja dharmanA pratikarUpe TharAvyA che. de, chatAM jema che. myulara jevA vidvAnane paNa bArIka vidvAnoe A bhArahuta tUpane bauddhadharmanuM smAraka gamyuM 1Nana e je uccAravuM paDayuM che ke " It che, paraMtu janarala kaniMgahAma jevA vidvAnanA 'bhArahuta would be surprising if the worship of stUpa" nAmaka pustakanAM zabda laIne pu. 2, pR. 69, stupas, of sacred trees, of the wheel TI. 66mAM jaNAvyuM che te pramANe te sthaLacitromAM of the law, and so forth, more or bauddhanI jAtakakathAnAM dazya nathI. A rIte sarva less distinct traces of which are found tarehanA pramANethI nakkI karI zakAya che ke te janawith all sects, as well as their re- dharmanuM smAraka ja che. vaLI temAM prasenajIta kezaLapati presentations in sculptures, were due ane ajAtazatru magadhapatie bhakitabhAve ubhA karelAM to one sect alone, instead of being staMbho AvelA che. A rAjAe nirvivAdIta rIte heir-looms, handed down from remote jainamatAnuyAyI pUravAra thayA che (pu. 1 temanAM vRttAMte

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 313 juo) temaja teo citromAM bhakita karatAM ane vaMdana mAM tathA pu. 4 mAM cedIdezanuM varNana karatAM pR. karatAM dekhAya che eTale siddha thAya che ke temanA dharmanAM ja 234thI 236 sudhImAM vividha purAvAo (jevA sthAne che. paraMtu ApaNe te atre e jovAnuM che ke, ke enzanTa irAjha bAya kanigahAma, prastAvanA pR. te sthaLe jainadharmane jo banAva banavA pAmyo hato 9; ja, ra. e. ba. pu. 21, pR. 257; che. de. ke tene ATaluM badhuM mahatva kema apAyuM che ! rA. bhAMDArakarakata azoka pR. 35 ane temanuM raceluM - pu. 4, pR. 304 upara hAthIguphA zilAlekhanuM sabhAparva; Dejha enzanTa iDiyA pR. 14; I. hI. paMktivAra vivecana karatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, jaina- ke. 1929nuM pR. 612; ja. bI. e. rI. se. prajAmAM temanA arihaMta-tIrthaMkaranA dehane jyAM agnidAha : 1927, pR. 17, pR. 222; te ja graMthanuM trIjuM yu. devA hoya che tyAM-tUpa ubhuM karavAnI prathA cAlI pR. 482; epIgrAphIkA inDikA, pu. 2, pR. 392) thI AvatI hatI. paraMtu te hAthIguphAnA lekhamAM paMkti pUravAra karI ApyuM che ke tenI rAjadhAnI vartamAna 14mAM "kAyaniSidI" ane paMDita 15mAM "arihaMtanI madhyaprAMtanA jabalapura zaheranI pAse jyAM samrATa niSidI" evA be zabdaprayoga vaparAyalA dekhAya che. priyadarzinane rUpanAthane khaDakalekha ubhe karAyelA jyAre niSidInuM vivaraNa karatAM, je. sA. saM. nA vidvAna najare paDe che tyAM hatI (pu. 4, pR. 236, TI. naM. taMtrIe "janmamaraNane vaTAvI gayela kAyaniSidItUpa" 21). kahevAno tAtparya e che ke, mahAkezala urphe evA ja zabda mAtra vAparyA che; ane A zabda upara aMgadeza te hAlanA madhyaprAMtavALe ja lagabhaga sarva 5. 4, pR. 306mAM naM. 94, 95nI TIkAmAM ApaNe pradeza hato ane tenuM pATanagara jabalapurathI thoDa paNa jaNAvyuM che ke, "kevalajJAna jene utpanna thAya che. Avela rUpanAthanA sthAne caMpApurI nAmanA nagare te niyama tarIke hamezAM mekSe jAya ja, jethI te jIvane hatuM. (AgaLa upara savistara ane dalIleA saMsAramAM janmamaraNa dharavAne phero karavo paDato pUrvaka pAchuM varNana ApyuM che te juo.) A caMpAnathI." A badhAno phalitArtha e thayo ke, niSidI nagarImAM zrI mahAvIre dIkSA lIdhA pachInuM bAramuM be prakAranI che. eka kAyaniSidI ke jyAM zarIrane comAsuM (je. sa. pra. 5. 4, pR. 200) karyuM che. je dahana karavAmAM AvyuM hoya ane stUpa ubho karavAmAM bAda-eTale kArtika zukala pUrNimA bAda-vihAra karIne Avyo hoya tevuM sthAna; ane bIjI sAmAnya niSidI chaeka mahinAne kALa temaNe A nagarInI Asa arikataniSidI, ke jyAM AgaLa te jIva arihaMta pAsanA pradezamAM bhramaNa karyA karyuM che. A cha mAsanA padane pAmyo hoya arthAta jyAM AgaLa temane kaivalya- avadhi daramyAna zrI mahAvIrane kAnamAM khIlA naMkhAyA prApta thayuM hoya ne ubho karavAmAM Avyo hoya to ane tene traNeka mahinA bAda, kharaka nAmanA tevuM sthAna. A pramANe be prakAranAM sthAna upara veze madhyama apApA nagarImAM kheMcI kAyAne-maLI jaina saMpradAyavALAo prAcIna samaye stUpa racatA hatA be banAva banavA pAmyA hatA. A sarva hakIkata e artha niSpanna thaye. A be prakAranI mahAsya jainazAstra pramANita che. chevaTe vaizAkha suda 10 (i. vizeSamAMthI, bhArahuta stUpavALA sthAne ko banAva sa. pU. 568mAM dIkSA-12 varSa=I. sa. pU. 556mAM) banavA pAmyo hato te ApaNe have tapAsIe. nA divase pAchalA pahore pitAnI 42 varSanI umare prAcIna samaye mahAkezaLa uphe aMga dezanuM temane kaivalyagAna utpanna thayuM che. tathA te divasanI rAjanagara caMpApurI hatuM. pu. 1 mAM pR. 140-1 dharmopadezanA niSphaLa javAthI rAherAta bArAjanane (4) madhyaprAMtanuM sthAna ja kahI Ape che ke hAlamAM ane A prAcIna samayanI caMpAnagarIne koI saMbaMdha baMgALa ilAkAnA bhAgalapura jIllAmAM Avela caMpAnagarIne ja nathI.

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314] uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAe [ prAcIna vihAra karI (uparamAM juo pR. 310) bIjIvAra jana kahevAya, paraMtu pUrvanA samaye kAM to, jananuM pAchA madhyama apApA nagarIe pote AvyA che ane pramANa anya rIte gaNAtuM hoya athavA te zAstrakAranuM vaizAkha suda 11 nA divase caturvidha saMghanI sthApanA kathana bAra jana ja' ema nahIM paNa tenI AsapAsa karI che. sarva kathanano sAra e thayo ke zrI mahAvIre caMpA. eTale ekAda be jana ochuM ke vadhatuM ema kahevAnuM nagarImAM bAramuM comAsuM karyA bAdanA chamAsa jeTalo paNa hoya. game te prakAre lekho paraMtu tethI ApaNuM kALa, tenI AsapAsanA pradezamAM ja vyatIta karyo che. anumAnane kaI rIte te bAdhaka jaNAtuM nathI. eTale chevaTe vaizAkha suda 10 nA kaivalyaprApti thaI che. tathA sAbita thaI cUkayuM gaNAze ke jema sAMcI stUpa zrI vaizAkha suda 11 nA madhyama apAyA (upara pR. 311mAM mahAvIranuM nirvANusthAna che tema A bhArahuta stUpa sAbita karI gayA pramANe sAMcI-bhillAnagarI) mAM temanuM kaivalyasthAna che. (pu. 3, pR. 705, TI. 91). saMdhanI sthApanA karI che. uparAMta sauthI mahatvanI vaLI upara siddha karI gayA pramANe jayAM banne stUpe. bIne te e che ke kaivalyaprAptinA ane saMdha jainadharmanA ja ghAtakarUpa che temaja-jenI" UMcAI sthApananA sthAna vacce kamamAM kama bAreka jananuM lagabhaga 80 phITa ane pahoLAI 150 phITa gaNAya aMtara hovAnuM spaSTa thAya che. che-tevI A banne ImArato yuganA yuga pasAra thaI upara pR. 31 mAM pUravAra karI gayA chIe ke, gayA chatAM, te banAvAnI sAkSI pUratI najare jainasaMpradAyamAM be prakAranA sthAne tRpe racAtA vidyamAna paDI rahI che, tyAM zaMkA uThAvavAne avakAza ja hatA, eka arihaMtanA valaprAptinA sthAne, ane jyAM rahe che? ane eTaluM te svIkAravuM ja paDaze ke bIjuM temanA nirvANusthAne. vaLI pR. 311 mAM siddha kalpanAonA aneka geLAe gabaDAvyA karatAM pratyakSa karI gayA chIe ke sAMcI-bhisA pradezamAM temanuM pramANa je maLatuM hoya te te vadhAre vajanadAra nirvANa thayuM hatuM ane tethI ja te sthAne sAMcI- lekhAya ja. vaLI vizeSa samarthana ApatI khAtrI te. tUpa naM. 1 tarIke jANItA thayela Topa ubho karAya e uparathI thAya che ke, A bhArahutanA stUpanA che. eTale ja temanA kaivalyaprAptinA sthAne paNa sthAnapradezane nakazo (pustakane aMte Apela che) janarala koI svapa ubhe karAyo hoya te te svapa ane A kaniMgahAme je cItarI batAvyo che te. ane janasAMcI stUpa vaccenuM aMtara, lagabhaga bAreka ejananuM zAstramAM zrI mahAvIrane kaivalya upajyAnA sthAnanuM je hevuM joIe. have je bhArahuta stUpanI ApaNe carcA varNana karI batAvyuM che te baMne khAba, arasaparasa karI rahyA chIe tenuM sthAna jo tapAsIzuM te, upara Abehuba maLatA Ave che. eTale sarva prakAranI paridarzAvI gayA pramANe caMpAnagarInA (vartamAna kALanA risthatino vicAra karatAM je sAra upara ApaNe AvyA upanAtha khaDaka lekhavALA sthAna) pradezamAM ja AveluM chIe te cokkasa ane zaMkArahita ja lAge che. temaja sAMcIthI lagabhaga savAsothI doDhaso mAIlanA A uparathI je bIje eka sAra kheMcI zakAya aMtare ja AveluM gaNAya tema che. jo ke bArIkAIthI che te paNa prasaMgopAtta jaNAvI daIe; ke, jo stupanA mApIe to atyAranA hisAbe te aMtara paMdareka sthAnamAM. bhasma ke zarIranA avayanA koI avazeSa (5) tenA mA5 vize "bhitsATamsa" nAme pustakamAM tenA feet in diameter-(p 187 ) ghumaTa-kaLaza sahita kartA sara kaniMgahAme pR. 186 upara A pramANe zabdo lakhyA AkhI ImAratanI kula UMcAI ekaso phITathI vadhAre hovI che -The total height of the building including joIe. stupanA bheca taLIyAne pharate, bhAre vajananA ane the cupolas, must have been upwards of samAna aMtare ubhA karela, taMbhene kaTa karela che. te me hundred feet. The base of the Tope is keTanI laMbAI pUrvathI pazcima 144 phITa ane uttarathI surmounted by a massive colonnade, 144 dakSiNa 15 phITanI che. pR(187). Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 315 jALavI rAkhela mAlama paDe, to te samAdhi sthAna sa. I. pu. 15 pR. 20mAM nedha lIdhA pramANene samajavuM ane tevuM kAMI na mAlama paDe che te kevaLa bAkI rahetA mANikyAla, sAranAtha ane anurAddhapura jJAnaprAptinuM sthAna samajavuM. vize ke, pR. 307 upara ApaNe nirdeza karyA pramANe A pramANe aneka stUpomAMnA mukhya traNa- mathurA, udayagiri ane takSitA vizenA stUpanA amarAvatI, sAMcI ane bhAratanAM sthAnavALAnAM mahAmya vize jaNAvavAnI atra jarUriyAta dekhAtI prabhAva vizenI oLakha ApI cUkayA chIe. A na hovAthI have ApaNe Agala vadhIzuM. naM. 1 vibhAge meghama TIkAne ane naM. 2, ke 3 uparokta nirdiSTa, 80mAMnA kyA kayA pradeza, prathama vibhAge meM sthApita karelAM navA siddhAMtamAMnA je jaNAvela AryAvartanA sADI pacIsa dezomAM samAI zakatA be traNa mukhya che ane jenA upara TIkAkAroe pUchelA tenI samaja mATe sarvanA AMka darzAvIne nakaze paNa keTalAka praznonA uttare avalaMbe che, tevAne khulAse saMyukta karela che. A prakAre karela varNanamAM AryAApI gayo chuM. have sIdhA uThAvela zaMkAvALA praznonA vartanA dezomAMnA naM. 2 vALA pAMcAla dezamAM. hayuenauttara ApIza. AvA praznonuM nirAkaraNa karatAM, tene zAMgavALA naM. 16thI 24 sudhInA ane naM. 7vALA be prakAramAM vaheMcI zakAya che. prathamamAM mArA lakhA- kezalamAM naM. 25thI 27 sudhInA pradezono samAve Nano Agalo pAchale saMbaMdha ke bhAvArtha tapAsyA thate jaNAvyuM che; temAM 24 naMbarane pradeza kAnyavinA athavA te saMbhALapUrvaka vAccA vicAryA vinA ja, kunjane che ane na. 25ne ayodhyAne che. A na koNa jANe zuM kAraNathI mArA lakhANa pratye pU. 25vALAnuM varNana nimnalikhita zabdamAM meM varNavyuM che. graha baMdhAI javAthI ke yenakena prakAreNe sAmAne "[25] naM. 24thI agnikhUNe (pR. 224) 600 utArI nAMkhavAthI potAnI vidvatA tarI AvI gaNAya lI.nA aMtare ane gaMgAnadI oLaMgIne dakSiNe ayotevA khyAlathI ke game te gUDha AzayathI hoya, paNa dhyAnuM rAjya che (mArA matathI tene uccAra lakhANa karI javAyuM dekhAya che. ane bIjAmAM kharA ayodhyA nahi paNu AyudhdhAjha karavo joI e. abhyAsayogya jIjJAsAvRttithI kAma levAyuM dekhAya che. kAnapura zaheravALo A pradeza che ke jenA cAbAo A bIjA prakAravALAnA khulAsA ApavAnuM kArya hAtha atyAre mala jevA pahelavAna gaNAya che). vidvAnoe dharavA pUrve prathama vALAe kaI rIte prazno upasthita tene ayodhyA-sAketa gaNyo che, tethI ja muMjhavaNamAM karyA che te jaNAvIzuM. jethI ame upara karelI TIkA paDayA che. jyAre huM dhAruM chuM te pramANe AyudhdhAjha keTale darajajo sAcI che te vAMcake svayaM vicArI leze. tarIke tene gaNavAthI badho ukela AvI jAya che. sara (1) "prAcIna bhAratavarSanAM pahelA pustake" kaniMgahAme (juo temanI bhUgoLa pR. 385) A sthAnane. "bhUgoLanI dRSTie kAMIka paricaya"nA zirSakavALA kAnapuranI vAyavya dizAmAM 20 mAIla aMtare kAkapura tRtIya pariccheda che. temAM prAcIna samaye, AryAvartanA nAmanuM purANuM zahera Avela che tene oLakhAvela che." je sADI pacIsa deze kahevAtA hatA tenuM TUMka varNana upara TAMkela avataraNathI sarva keAI samajI zakaze pR. 46 thI 55 sudhI prathama, ane te pachI revaDa ke naM. 24 pachInA 25mAM varNanamAM apAyelA mULa esa. bI. kRta rekarDajha opha dhI vesTarna varlDajhamAM zabdo re. ve. va. mAMthI akSarazaH utArelA che. jyAre Apela 80 pradezanuM varNana pR. 56 thI 68 sudhI te matathI judA paDatA mArA vicAre meM kasamAM ApyuM che. A pustaka, bauddhasaMpradAyo ane pelA lakhyA che. matalaba ke kAnyakuthI dakSiNe gaMgA prakhyAta yAtrika hayuenazAMge lakhela potAnI hiMdanI nadI oLaMgIne je pradeza Ave tene ayodhyA nAma musApharInA hevAlane aMgrejImAM anuvAda gaNAya che. te re. ve. va. mAM apAyeluM che, jyAre meM tene

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316 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna yeAdhyA nahi paNa tenA uccAra AyuUAjha hevAnuM nAMkhyuM che tathA tema karavA mATe dalIlA ane pUrAvA paNa huM temanA matathI judo paDuM chuM ane tethI ja me vivecana karyuM che. chatAM 'ayeAdhyAtIrtha' nAmaka pustakanA paNa ApyA che. vaLI ayeAdhyA nagarI te sa` kAryakartA sAhityamaniSI paDita jyeSThArAma zarmA nAme eka vidvAna 'jaina'patramAM eka lekha lakhatAM jaNAve che ke " DA. zAhI graMthanuM manana karatAM ayAkhyA mATenA e bhAvArtha nIkaLe che ke ayeAdhyA e vAstavamAM ayAkhyA nathI paNa AyuddAjha che," eTale temanA kahevAnI matata" ema thatI dekhAya che ke, gaMgAnI dakSiNe AvelA naM. 2pavALA pradezane acaiAdhyA tarIke huM ja eLakhAvI rahyo chuM ane je kharI ayAkhyA nagarI che te mAre mAnya nathI. A pramANe TIkA ane mULa lakhANa vaccenA bheda khyAlamAM rAkhyA vinA je mULa granthakAranA zabdo mArA tarIke mAnI laI te teo pAtAnA aMtaHkaraNanA ubharA aneka rIte ThAlavye gayA che; tathA "ayAkhyAtIrthaM'"nI oLakha ApatAM keTalAye utArAnAM pAnAMne pAnAM bharIne chevaTe pote racela ' ayeAkhyA kA itihAsa ' nAmanI pustIkA vAMcavAnI bhalAmaNu jIjJAsu vargane karI che te vAcakavarga samajI zakaze ke AmAM mAre keTalA deSa gaNAya ? jANe che tema gaMgAnI uttare AvelI che jyAre atre naM 2pavALA pradezane teA, kAnyakubjanI dakSiNe (athavA vadhAre spaSTa karIe teA agnikhUNe) temaja gaMgA nadInI dakSiNe DeAvAnuM te granthamAM kahela che, jenuM spaSTIkaraNa karatAM prA. bhA. 1, pR. 78 mAM mAre jaNAvavuM paDayuM ke " aMgrejI zabdomAM lakhavAmAM AvatI eka prajA che, jenuM nAma AyuA ja che ane tenA prAMta, cInAi yAtrionA lakhavA pramANe O-yu-to. kahevAtA ane tenI rAjadhAnI Sachi hatI. vaLI te sthaLane kAnyakubjanA agnikhUNe (Southeast) AvI rahyAnuM batAvyuM che, jyAre itihAsakArAe ( re. ve. va. nA lekhake ) AyuddhAjhane khale ayeAdhyA gaNIne ( kayAM eka prajAnuM nAma ane kayAM eka zaheranuM nAma) tenA rAjanagarane ( Sachi=Saket ) TharAvI dIdhuM. kAraNa ke sAketa te ayAkhyAnuM bIjuM nAma hatuM. kayAM sAMcI ane kayAM sAketa ? ( e zabdomAM krAi jAtanA meLa kharA ?) pazu temanI A bhUla, te uparathIja sAbita thAya che ke conAI yAtrikAe sAcIne kAnyakubja (kaneAja)nA agnikhUNe hAvAnuM jaNAvyuM che. jyAre ayAkhyA urphe sAketa tA, kaneAjanI uttare keTalAya mAila upara AveluM che. (kayAM agnikhUNA eTale south-east ane kayAM uttara eTale north? zuM uttare AveluM zahera dakSiNe AvyAnuM lakhI zakAya kharUM? temaja South & North te baMne eka kahI zakAya kharAM? matalaba OM ayAkhyA paNa juduM ane AyuddhAjha paNa judAM; ane tethI ja saI bhUla upasthita thavA pAmI che. " ATalA vivecanathI spaSTa thaze kaeN naM. 25nA pradezane ayAkhyA TharAvatA abhiprAya tA mULa lakhANanA ja che. (2) A ayAkhyA zabda saMbaMdhamAM AcAryazrI vijayendrasUrie paNa peAte lakhela "prAcIna bhAratavanuM siMhAvalokana' nAmaka pustakamAM uparanAja vidvAna paMDitanI peThe udagAra kADhayA che. te pustakanA pR.107mAM te peAtAnA abhiprAya vyakta karatAM jaNAve che ke 'uparanI hakIkatathI bhAvArtha evA nIkaLe che ke apeAvyA e vAstavamAM ayeAvyA nathI paNu AyuddhAjha che.'* uparanA pArigrAphamAM paM.zarmAjIne uttara apAyA che te ja atra paNa lAgu paDavAnuM samajI levuM. A pramANe AcArya mahArAje eka ja ThekANe AvA vartAva karyAM che ema nathI parantu, azAkanA zilAlekhA upara daSTipAta" nAmanI je eka pustikA temaNe bahAra pADI che temAM paNa (6) uparanA vidvAne ane AcArcIzrIe lakhela zabdo akSaraza: eka khIjAnI kApI ja dekhAya che. uparAMta 'DAkaTara zAhI' zabda je uparanA vidvAne vAparyA che te paNa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat AcAryazrIe ja ghaDela che. eTale A bannene kema jANe paraspara preraNA na maLI hoya tevA vartAva thai jatA paNa jaNAya che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo rAkhyuM che; aneka bhinna mata dharA bhAratavarSa ] " te ja mizAle kAma lIdhe vidvAnAnAM maMtavyeA-vidyAnAthI vatA hAI, kevaLa tene uddhRta karI mArA pustaka AlekhanamAM te upara me' vivAda karyAM che. eTale ke uddhRta karela maMtavyeA mArAM nathI, chatAM tevAM avataraNa mArAM ja vidhAnA che ema gaNI te pustikAmAM temaja temanA prakAzita anya graMthAmAM, avakAza maLatAM ja tenI sArI rIte khabara laI lIdhI che. AvAM cAreka dRSTAMte temaNe pustikA bahAra pADI, te arasAmAM ja muMbaInA sAptAhika " gujarAtI patra "nA tA. 2510-36nA aMkamAM pR. 1593 upara meM TAMkI batAvyAM che. vAcakavargane tenA khyAla maLI zake te sArU te patramAMthI tenI nakala atre utArUM chuM:~ (10-11) pR. 497 upara temaNe mArUM maMtavya utAryuM che tenA zabdo A pramANe che << atyAra sudhI sarvenI mAnyatA ema che, ke azAka ane priyadarzina te baMne eka ja vyakti che, jyAre mArA maMtavya pramANe te ane bhinna bhinna vyaktie lAge che ane azAka pachI tenA pautra rAjA priyadarzine rAjyanI lagAma grahaNu karI che"--"bAda priyadarzina urphe samrATa saMprati thayA, ema kahIne temaNe priyazina ane saMpratinI abhinnatA svIkArI che" eTale ema te teoe svIkAryuM che ke, mAre mata nIce pramANe or che. (1) azAka eka vyakti che (2) priyadarzina khIjI vyakita che. (3) priyadarzinanuM khIjuM nAma saMprati che. (4) zAka pachI tene pautra priyadarzana urphe saMprati gAdIee Avye che. A pramANe mArA matanuM uccAraNa kare che, chatAM pote pR. 36 upara jaNAve che ke, " senTrekATasa eTale azAka ema mAnI laIe teA azeAkane lekhaka mahAzaya saMprati mAne che. " eTale ke azeAkane huM saMprati mAnuM chuM. vaLI pR. 60 upara lakhe che ke, " lekhake azeka ane saMprati ( priyadarzina )ne eka gaNI azAkane uDADI mUkayA che eTale ke azoka nAme vyakti nathI thaI ' (7) A avataraNamAMnA saghaLAM pRSTha uparAMta * aroma Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 317 ema mArUM mAnavuM gaNAve che. have vicAro ke eka vakhata uparanI cAra vastusthiti mArAM maMtavya tarIke pete lekhAve che ane khIjI vakhate pAchI tenAthI ulTI ja sthiti mArAM maMtavya tarIke teozrI manAvavA mathe che. A badhAmAM zuM samajavuM? ane mArAM maMtavya tarIke teo kayAMthI lAvyA? ( 12-13 ) tevI ja rIte rR. 19 upara DaoN. pITarasananuM, pR. 30 upara DaoN. bhAMDArakaranuM, ane pU. 50-51 upara DaoN. phlITa AdinuM-ema vidvAneAnAM maMtavyeA TAMkI te upara meM vivecana karyuM che; te traNe mate kema jANe mArA ja hAya ? ( jo ke meM te pAchA temAM sudhArA ja sucavyA che) kAI evA niyama hAtA nathI ke eka jaNe amuka mata darzAvyA te ja mata sarvee grahaNa karavA ja joie. are A teA prathama darzanI hakIkatA cAle che, temAM te aneka matamatAMtara najare paDe, paNa keTalIka bAbate tA siddha thayelI hAya cheja chatAMye navI hakIkatA upalabdha thatAM te siddha thayelIne paNa pheravavI paDe ema gaNIne pote potAnA mata darzAvavA maMDI paDayA che. vAstavika tA ema kahevAya ke, te traNe vidvAnAnA matathI judA paDI jema meM sudhArA sUcabhyA tema teo pAte paNa sudhArA sUcavI zake. AmAM ekalA mane ja udhaDe levAnuM dhAraNa temaNe je strIkAryuM che tene badale je vidvAnenAM matathyo che temane paNa udhaDA levA hatA. athavA emaja kahevuM joItuM hatuM ke Ane artha Amaja thAya che mATe te upara kAI e have sudhArA sUcavavA ja joie nahIM. uparanA avataraNathI vAcaka tarata khyAla bAMdhI zakaze ke, vastusthiti kayAM te kevI che! kr (4) yeAdhyA zabda upara TIkA karanAra, (1)mAM darzAvela sAhityamanISI paM. jyeSThArAma zarmAjIe mArUM kathana TAMkIne tA. 13-2-38 nA " jaina " sAptAhikamAM pR. 161 upara " senAdhipati magendra rAjA puSyamitra ane kaliMgAdhipati samrATa mahArAjA nA zilAlekhA upara dRSTipAta''vALI pustikAnAM samajavAM, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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! prAcIna 318 ] ukela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe khAravela" zirSaka nIce potAnA vicAra lagabhaga pA hakIkata paNa temAM varNavI che. eTale pachI tene te kolama bharIne darzAvyA che. temanA mukhya zabdo A zuM, paNa tenA putrane ke kaI vaMzajane huM jenadhama pramANe che - TharAvavAno prayatna karuM te to, sasalAne ziMgaDA hovAnuM "De. sAhebe "prAcIna bhAratavarSa'mAMnA sattAdhIza jaNAvyA jevuM ja lekhAya. chatAMya eka vastu yAda rA , pR. 105 170, 324 mAM vedadharmAvalaMbI Ave che, ne saMbhava che ke tene anulakSIne temaNe brAhmaNa rAjA puSyamitrane bArabAra hAthIguMphAnI "naMdavaMzamAMne AThamo naMda " evA zabdo lakhyA zilAlekhane sahAro laI jainadhamAM kSatriya rAjA hoya. hakIkata ema che ke, hAthIguMphAnA lekhamAM naMda vaMzamAMne AThame naMda' banAvI dIdho che. je kaligapati cakravatI khAravele magadhapati bRhaspati sAhityamAM satyathI vegaLuM che." mitrane tathA AMdhrapati zrImukha zAtakaraNine harAvyAne A zabdo kevA yathArtha che tenI hakIkata tapAsIe. ullekha che. paraMtu A bRhaspatimitra keNu tenI temaNe sattAdhIza rAjyane nirdeza karela che tenuM mAhitI vidvAnone maLatI na hovAthI, bRhaspatinuM varNana "prAcIna bhAratavarSa" pustaka 1 lAmAM meM paryAyavAcI nAma puSya thaI zake che, mATe ApyuM che. te pustakanA pR 105, 170 ane 324 bahaspatimitra ane puSyamitra eka ja vyakita che mAMthI eka upara A viSayanuM Alekhana ja nathI ema TharAvI dIdhuM che. tathA puSyamitrane samaya karAyuM. tyAM te anya viSayane adhikAra varNavA pU. 188 lagabhagano hovAthI khAravela ane zrImukhane che. eTale temaNe Takela zabdonI gota karavI te samaya paNa te ja pramANe mAnI lIdhA che. paraMtu bahanirarthaka gaNAya. chatAM temanA lekhanI miti tA. smRtimitra, te magadha sAmrAjya upara adhikAra bhogavI 13-2-38 nI hovAthI, te mudata sudhImAM prAcIna rahela naMdavaMzI nava naMda rAjAomAMne AThama naMda hato; bhAratavarSanI mArI gujarAtI zreNInA bhAga 2-3 ne tene rAjakALa I. sa. pU. 415 thI 412no, tene ane aMgrejI zreNI (Ancient India) no harAvanAra khAravelo samaya I. sa. pU. 4ra prathama bhAga bahAra paDI gayA hatA. temAMnA keImAMthI 393 ne, ane tenA samakAlIna AMdhruvaMzanA sthApaka kadAca utAre levAyo hoya te gaNatrIe majakura zrImukhane I. sa. 47 thI 414no che ema te traNe pustaka paNa jaI vALyAM; te te te pRe pratyekanAM jIvanavRttAMta lakhatI vakhate aneka pUrAvAo temAM paNa anya viSaye ja samajAvela dekhAyA. eTale ane pramANo ApI meM sAbita karyuM che. matalaba mULa zabda meM kyA lakhela che ane temanI TIkA ke mArA maMtavya pramANe khAravela, zrImukha ane keTalI vAjabI che te tapAsavAno mAro hetu aphaLa AThama naMda urphe bahaspatimitra e traNe jaNe thayo. paraMtu temaNe TAMkela zabdane bhAvArtha te spaSTa samakAlIna hatA ja, paraMtu puSyamitra te temanA pachI che eTale te upara mAre khulAso raju karI zakIza, lagabhaga aDhI varSa thayA che. A cAra vyakitao vedadharmAvalaMbI brAhmaNa rAjA puSyamitrane meM mAnI, prathamanI traNa jainadharmo che jyAre puSyamitra kadApI jainadhama kahyo nathI; eTaluM ja nahi paNa vaidikadhama che. eTale ja bahaspatimitra uphe AThamA te kiMcita prayAsa paNa karyo nathI. ulaTuM puSyamitra nadane meM jenadharmI kahyo che ane bahaspatimitra zuMgavaMzI gaNAto hovAthI tene ekalAne nahiM, paNa tathA puSyamitrane bhinna bhinna mAnyA che. chatAM temanI tenA AkhAye zuMgavaMzane custa vaidakamatAnuyAyI meM pitAnI mAnyatAnI peThe huM paNa puSyamitrane lekha che. temano AkhAye ItihAsa pR. 3 mAM bahaspatimitra je lekhuM chuM tevI ka95nA 5. zarmAjIe apAyela che. vaLI teNe tathA tenA putra agnimitre ghaDI kADhI che tathA pitAnA trAjave bIjAnI mAnyatAne piDita pataMjalinA netRtva nIce azvamedha yajJo karyAnI nyAya upara pramANe teLI kADho dekhAya che, koNa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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' bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ 319 keTale deSita che te ATalA khulAsAthI vAcake thayelI zaMkAnuM nivAraNa thayeluM samajaze temaja mArA svayaM vicArI zakaze. koI zabdathI pU. paMnyAsajI mahArAjanuM mana duHkhAyuM bIjAnI mAnyatAne mArI hevAnuM mAnI laI heya te trividha trividhe temanI paNa kSamA cAhuM chuM. je aneka Aropa mArA upara mUkAyA hatA temAMnA have pU. A. bha. zrI IndravijayasUrijIe pUchelA namunA tarIke cAra pAMca upara pramANe batAvyo che. mukhya mukhya praznonA uttara - je sIdhA savAlarUpe kevaLa abhyAsInI dRSTithI prazno prazna (1) caMpA navI ke jUnI ? aMgadeza kakSA pUchAyA lAge che tenA khulAsA have ApuM chuM. Avyo ? uttare jaNAvavAnuM ke, muMbaI samAcAra" patranA tA. 31-8-1937 prAcIna samaye aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarI maMgaLavAranA aMkamAM zrIyuta phatehacaMda vIThaladAse lagabhaga hatI. tenA zAsaka rAjA dadhivAhananA samaye kauzaMbIpati be Dajhana jeTalA khulAsA pUchaLyA che. temAMnA ghaNA- zatAnika caDAI laI Avyo hato: teNe te nagarIne kharAno samAveza pU. A. ma. IndravijayasUrijIe luMTI tathA bhAMgI hatI. te nagarIne pAchI samarAvI upasthita karelA praznomAM thaI jatuM hovAthI pRthakapaNe karIne rAjA ajAtazatru-urphe kUNike pitAnI rAjadhAnI teno uttara vALavA AvazyakatA rahetI nathI. paraMtu banAvI hatI. A pramANe hakIkata che, te sarvasaMmata aitihAsika praznane nahIM sparzate-je eka muddo teoe che. prazna e che ke, aMgadezanA ane caMpAnagarInA mArA lakSa upara mUkayo che te mATe temane upakAra sthAna viSene che. mArI mAnyatA pramANe aMgadezanuM mAnuM ane te aMge khulAso karavAnI mArI pharaja sthAna, prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 46 uparanA nakazAmAM samajuM chuM. A muddA amArA saMpradAyanA pU. paMnyAsajI batAvyA pramANe, je bhAgane vartamAna kALe madhyaprAMta mahArAja kalyANavijayajI mahArAja paratvene che. mArA vALo bhAga kahevAya che ane jene mahAkezala- pustakano trIjo bhAga bahAra pADyo tyAre teozrI vidarbha tarIke eka vakhata eALakhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. bhale panyAsapadavIthI vibhUSita nahatA. paraMtu viratI- te pradeza che; jyAre temanI mAnyatA baMgALa IlAkAmAM paNAne pAmela kaI paNuM munirAja mATe dareka jainane jene vartamAnakALe bhAgalapura jIllo kahevAya che ne pUjyabhAva hovo joIe te zaMkArahita che. temAM ke jyAM caMpA nAmanuM zahera-gAma AveluM che tene ja : A mahApuruSane bhale meM najare darzana karI vAMdho nathI, aMgadeza ane te ja caMpAnagarI hevAnI thAya che. chatAM temaNe racelAM aitihAsika pustaka gaSaNApUrvaka eTale eka vakhata je aMgadezanuM sthAna nakkI karI vAMcavAno lAbha te lIdhI ja che. ane teozrI pratye zakAya te rajigara caMpAnuM sthaLa te ApoApa huM ke bhAva dharAvuM chuM te temanA mATe pu. 3, 5. siddha thaI jaze. 10mAM nimnalikhita mArA zabdothI paNa spaSTa thAya prathama ApaNe temanI dalIla tapAsIe. temaNe che ja. "AmanuM nAma munizrI kalyANavijaya che. teo pragaTa karelA "prAcIna bhAratavarSanuM siMhAvalokana" itihAsanA bahu ja UMDA abhyAsI che. jainamuniomAM nAmanA graMthamAM A prazna mATe pR. 33 thI 60 sudhInA je kAI gayAgAMThathA itihAsanA abhyAsIo garNaya lagabhaga 27-28 pRSTha rokyAM che. temAM pRSTha 40 upara che teomAM Amano darajjo bahu UMco manAya che". vidhAna karyuM che ke--"caMpAnagarI e pUrvamAM AvelA A zabdo vAMcI zrIyuta phatehacaMdabhAI pitAnA manamAM aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI che. jUnI caMpAne sthAne ja (8) zrIyuta phatehacaMdanA savAla paNa pU. A. ma. dekhAI jAya che. A anumAna sAcuM paDe te upara naM. IndravijayasUrijInA praznone tatvamAM maLatA hoI, kema jANe 6nI TIkAmAM paM. zarmAjInI je sthiti che te ja zrIyuta temanA ja taraphanI preraNA maLatAM prasiddha karyA hoya evuM phatehacaMdanI paNa gaNAvI rahe che. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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320 ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna navI caMpA vasAvelI che ane gaMgA nadInA kinAre AvyAnuM te dekhAtuM nathI ja. matalaba ke tevIse pUrAvA upara che". A AkhAye vAkyanA traNa bhAga thAya temanA matanI puSTi ApavA lagabhaga nirbaLa jevA che. prathamanA be mATe te, upara lakhyA pramANe banne gaNAze. ulaTuM temAMthI keTalIka evI hakIkata tAravI sahamata chIe. mAtra trIjo bhAga je caMpAnuM sthAna zakAya che, ke je mArA matane samarthana ApanArI che gaMgAnA kinArA upara lekhave che, te bAbata bhinnatA je ApaNe AgaLa upara joizuM. have aMgadeza vizenI che. caMpAnuM sthAna gaMgAnA kinAre havA saMbaMdhI temaNe temanI dalIlo tapAsIe, lagabhaga tevIsa dalIle raju karI che. te sarve, jema caMpA vize 23 purAvA AvyA che tema pustakanA AdhAre ja levAyelI che. eka zilAlekha, aMgadeza vize paNa 23 purAvA ApyA che. caMpA sika ke samayAvaLIne anusarIne levAI nathI ja teTale paratve te pAMca cha ati prAcIna pUrAvA lekhAya tevA darajaje tenA jeTalI vajanadAra na gaNAya (uparamAM hajuye najare paDe che. paraMtu aMgadeza vizenA keI paNa pR. 289 juo). vaLI temAMno meTobhAga evA pusta- tevA prAcIna nathI ja. phAhIyAna ke hayuenazAMga jevA kone che ke, jene ApaNe pAzcAtya keLavaNIne hiMdamAM yAtrikanA varNanane jarUra prAcIna kahI zakAya paraMtu pracAra thayA bAda racyA hovAnuM kahI zakAya; ne jemAM bhUlavuM joituM nathI ke temane samaya I. sa.nI evAM keTalAye vidhAnono samAveza karAi gayo che ke, traNathI cha sadIno che. eTale ke je samayanI ApaNe je prAcIna samayane baMdhabesatA thavA mATe kalpanAthI hakIkata tapAsI rahyA chIe te bAda lagabhaga eka nIpajAvI kADhelAM samajAI zakAya che. mAruM ema nathI hajAra varSe temanuM astitva Ave che. uparAMta temanA kahevuM ke tenI kiMmata nathI ja teonI kiMmata paNa varNanonAM thayela bhASAMtara uparaja ApaNe AdhAra che ja; paraMtu kayAre ke jyAre koI svataMtra pUrAvo ke rAkha rahe che, nahIM ke mULa zabda upara. matalaba AdhAra na hoya tyAre; jethI karIne uparokata tevIsa ke te hevAla vizenI je sAmagrI upalabdha thAya che purAvAmAMthI pAMcaneja ati prAcIna ane vizvasanIya temAM kSati rahelI che ja. saMpUrNapaNe temaja chelekhI, bAkInAne eka bAju mUkI rAkhI zakAze. athavA hatuM-ema kahI na zakAya. chatAMye je kAMi AvA pAMcacha ne tapAsatAM. caMpAne gaMgA nadI sAthe maLyuM che tenI upekSA te na ja karI zakIe. saMbaMdha dharAvate mAtra eka ja pUrAvo jene naM. 6 tevIse avataraNo tapAsatAM je kAMI sAra kADhI temaNe Apyo che tene kahI zakAya tevuM che. temAM paNa zakAya tema che te eTale ja ke, aMgadeza pUrva dizAmAM "gaMgA" zabda nathI paraMtu " jAnhavyAM" che. gaMgA Avela hato, tenI rAjadhAnI caMpA hatI uparAMta nadInuM bIjuM nAma jAhavI che kharuM, paraMtu te ekalI caMpAnA sthAna paratve paNa dizAsUcana thA thA che. gaMgAnuM ja nAma hovA uparAMta bIjI kaI nadIone matalaba ke, temanI mAnyatA je baMdhAI che tene jarUra paNa lAgu paDatuM jaNAya che ke kema, te jovuM rahe che. samarthana maLe che kharuM, paraMtu te to mAre paNa mAnya eTale te upara bahu bhAra mUkavAnuM vAjabI na che. huM paNa ema te kahuM chuM ja, ke baMgALA ilAkAnA kahevAya. vaLI na. 1no pUrA temaNe nirayAvali pR. bhAgalapura jillAmAM eka caMpA zahera che ane caMpA 18mAMthI laIne je udhdhata karela che ane " neya aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI gaNAtI hovAthI tene aMgadeza TwAnArI tene vavAda " zabda moTA akSare tarIke oLakhAvAya che. paraMtu A aMgadeza ane lakhI dhyAna kheMcyuM che, temAMye gaMgAnadIne ullekha caMpA zahera te navAM vaselAM che. tene junA aMgadeza ane () yuena racita pustakanAM bhASAMtaramAM evI kSati radanAM varNanamAMthI maLI Ave che eTale ke A bhASArahI gaI che. tenAM daSTAMta prA. bhA. pu. 1nA trIjA pari. tarImAM kSati rahI gaI che te siddha thayela samajavuM.

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo * [ 321 jUnI capAnagarI sAthe saMbaMdha ja nathI (juo prA. bhA. mATe teNe prathama magadhapati sAthe yuddhamAM utaravuM pu. 1, pR. 114, TIkA 33 vagere). A junA aMga- joIe. tema banyAnuM ItihAsamAM kayAMya zeDyuM deza ane jUnI caMpAnagarInA mudAnuM nirAkaraNa temaNe jaDatuM nathI. eTale bhAgalapura jIllAvALA sthAnane ApelA 23 pUrAvAmAMnA ekamAMthI prApta thatuM nathI. ApaNI vicAraNAmAMthI tarata bApta karI nAMkhavo mAtra hajI eTaluM TharAvI zakAze ke kAhIyAnanA samaye- rahe che. A sivAya anya sthAne je ullekha Avato I. sa.nI trIjI cothI zatAbdi vakhate-baMgAla IlA- hAya to tenI zodha karavI rahe che. kAvALA aMgadeza ane caMpAnagarInuM astitva thaI (1) pU. A. mahArAjazrIe je 23 pramANa javA pAmyuM hatuM. paraMtu te deza ane sthAna ja, rAjA batAvyAM che temAM . 6 DhAmAM caMpAnagarIne dadhivAhana ane rAjA ajAtazatranA samaye paNa hatAM spaSTa ullekha Ave che. te vize vivecana ema te zodhI kADhavuM ja rahe che. A badhI bhAMjagaDa karatAM pote jaNAve che ke, A kathane naLarAjAnA eka nAmanI be vastuo-junI ane navI-hovAthI adhikAramAM prAcIna caMpAnI bAbatanuM che. kayA ubhI thavA pAmI che ema sahaja samajAya che, eTale prasaMganuM te kathana che. te che ke ApaNe kahI A bIjuM sthAna kayAM AvyuM te have tapAsIe. zakatA nathI paraMtu ema te anumAna dorI zakAya jainazAstromAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, vatsapati rAjA che ke naLa rAjAno niSadhaderA je hatuM tenuM pANI zatAnike aMgadezanA dadhivAhana upara eka ja rAtamAM 10 rAjya te hovuM joIe. A niSadhadezanuM sthAna caDAI karIne tene harAvyo hato tathA tenI rAjadhAnI vartamAne jhAMsI-gvAliyara jyAM Avela che te pradeza caMpAnagarIne lUMTIne bhAMgI teDI nAMkhI hatI. A upa- gaNAtuM hatuM. phalita e thayuM ke, jhAMsI ane gvAliyara rathI samajAya che ke, vasaMdeza ane aMgadeza baMnenI hada pAsenuM te sthAna thayuM; ane aMgadeza-caMpAnagara pUrva pAse pAse ja Avela hovI joIe; temAM vatsadezanuM dazAmAM lekhAya che eTale. jhAMsI-gvAliyaranI pUrva sthAna to vartamAnakALanA alhAbAda-prayAga zaheravALA dizAe temaja paDozamAM te deza AvyAnuM samajAyuM. bhAgamAM nakkI ja che, te vize be mata nathI ja; jethI (2) pR. 4ra upara temaNe TAMkela naM. 11nA mAnavuM rahe che ke, aMgadezanI hada-game te dizAe- pUrAvAmAM A pramANe zabdo che. "isa vAte videzane aDIne hovI joIe. paraMtu prAcIna kezambInagarI meM cappAnagarI, kucha bahuta dUra nahIM graMthomAM pUrva dizAmAM aMgadeza hovAnuM jyAM ne tyAM thI. are caMpAnagarI ke pAsa gaMgA nadI vahetI he... varNana AvatuM hovAthI, vatsadezanI pUrva dizAmAM ja nirayAvalikA sUtrame bhI sApha likhA hai ki caMpAaMgadezanuM sthAna haze eTaluM te nakkI thAya che ja. nagarI ke pAsa gaMgA mahAnadI vahatI hai. isa vAste uparamAM jaNAvela bhAgalapura jIlAvALA pradeza joke zatAnika rAjA lazkara ke sAtha hile nAvAmAM besI vatsanI pUrvamAM to che ja, chatAM tene svIkAra karavAmAM jamanA nadIme calA. pIche prayAga ke arthAta mukhya bAdha te e Ave che ke, te benI vacce (alahAbAda) ke pAsa jahAM jamanA nadI gaMgA sthaLane ghaNuM aMtara AvI jAya che ane je bhUmi mahAnadIme mIla gaI taba gaMgArma navA se cala kara vacce Ave che tene magadhadeza kahevAto hato. eTale caMpAnagarI ke eka hI rAtrImeM pahuca gayA". uparanA dekhItuM ja che ke, je vatsapatine tyAMsudhI javuM hoya zabdothI nIcenI bAbato samajI zakAya che. (a) te magadhanI bhUmine khUdIne ja javuM paDe. ane te kAzaMbI ane caMpAnI vacce bahu aMtara nahotuM. (10) IMta pUrva nolejo: ratAnI nirIyA ke gatvAruNat purI caMpAM jhaMpAsamasamAgamaH / / trizaSThizalAkApuruSa caritra -10 cho. 116

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo 322 ] (A) caMpAnagarInI pAse gaMgA nadI vahe che eTale gaMgA nadI upara ja caMpA che ema niradhAra thatA nathI; gaMgAne kAMThe paNa heAya ke bahu najIkamAM paN hAya (I) alhAbAdathI caMpA jatAM-nadInA pravAhathI- eka rAtrI jeTalA samaya lAge che. eka rAtrImAM keTaluM aMtara te samaye jaLamArge kApI zakAtuM te joke uparanA kathanathI tAravI zakAtuM nathI, paraMtu kauzaMkhIpati zatAnika rAjAne prathama kauzaMkhIthI alhAbAda sudhI (28-30 mAIlanuM cheTuM gaNAya che) jatA jaNAvyeA che ane te bAda eka rAtrIne pravAsa lakhyA che. vaLI kauzaMkhIthI caMpA bahu dUra nathI ema spaSTa lakhyuM che eTale A badhA saMyAgAnuM ekIkaraNa karatAM kauzaMkhIthI caMpAsudhInuM aMtara bahu bahu to 100thI 150 mAilanuM ja Avaze. A AkhuMye aMtara nadInA sIdhA ja pravAhamArge hAya, ke amuka aMtara sIdhA pravAhe haiAya ane pachI vAMka levA paDatA hoya, ke nadIpravAha mUkIne thADAka bha ga sthaLavATe paNa musApharI karavI paDatI hAya te judI vAta che. je pramANe zabdo vaparAyA che te jotAM te sIdhA pravAhamArganI musApharI hAvA karatAM, vAMkavALI athavA theDI sthaLamArge paNa DrAya tevI sthiti bhAse che. eTale je khIjA prakAre musApharI thaIhAya te, 100-150 mAIla karato paNa aMtara ghaTI jAya; jyAre kAzakhI ane bhAgalapura vaccenuM aMtara ja atyAre nadInA sIdhA pravAhe lagabhaga 400 mAila ke tethI vadhu paNa thavA jAya che. sAra e thayA ke kaiAzaMkhIthI bhAgalapura sudhI na paDeAMcatAM, vacce ja bahu najIkanA sthaLe prAcIna samaye caMpAnagarI hatI. (3) pR. 46 upara temaNe kAvyAnuzAsananuM avataraNa karyuM che. tenA zabdo " kAzInagarI-vANArasInI pelI taraphanA pUrvapradeza kahevAya che ane tyAM aMga, kaliMga te kAsala vigere deza| AvelA che.' A pramANe che. anukramamAM jaNAvyA pramANe ja kAzIthI pUrvadizAmAM A traNe dezAnuM sthAna hatuM ke kema te jo spaSTa thatuM nathI, paNu varNana karavAmAM sAmAnya niyama je pALavAmAM Ave che te jotAM kAMika anukrama Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ prAcIna sacavAye hAvA joIe evuM anumAna ArI zakAya che. chatAM A dezanA paraspara saMbaMdha dizAparatve bhale na sacavAye| hAya, teAye svabhAvika ema te samajI zakAya che ke lekhakanA daSTikANu, kAzI-vANArazI nagarIthI pUrvadizAe jatAM, prathama ja aMgadeza hAvAnuM jaNAvavA pUratA haze khareA. ane tema vadhAre saMbhavita che, kemake uparanA naM. 2mAM DhAMkela gra MthanuM kathana e che. *, kauzaMkhIthI caMpAnuM sthAna bahu dUra nathI ja. matalaba e thai ke kAzInI pUrvamAM lagAlaga ja aMgadeza AvelA hovA joie. A pramANe traNa purAvA te| zrI AcAryajI mahArAje batAvelAmAMthI ja tapAsI joyA; jemAMthI evA tApa nIkaLye ke, caMpAnuM sthAna kosaMbI ke kAzIthI bahu dUra nathI ja. vaLI anya pramANe paNa joi laie. A caMpA-tathA aMgadezanA sthAna vize meM racelA prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 136thI 148mAM, tathA A aMgadeza upara ceviMzI kaliMgapati rAjAenI sattA jAmI paDavAthI tene trikaliMgamAMnA eka bhAga tarIke paNa oLakhavAmAM AvyA che tethI pu. 1, pR. 163thI 177 sudhI karelA tenA varNanamAM, temaja cekripati-kaliMgapatinA AkhA vaMzanuM je vRttAMta pu. 4mAM dazamakhaMDe ApyuM che temAM, anekavidha prAcIna temaja arvAcIna ane sattAsamAna gaNAtA lekhakAnA pramANeA ApIne, A aMgadeza ane caMpAnagarInA sthAna vize chUTIchavAi paraMtu dhaNI ja upayeAgI mAhitI ApI che. te sarvanuM atra nirUpaNu karavuM asthAne gaNAya. eTale te vAMcI javAnI mAtra bhalAmaNu ja karavI rahe che. chatAM saMtoSa ApavA mATe, vadhAre nahIM tA becAra paNa, khAsa upayeAgI nIvaDe tevAM pramANu atra jarUra dharavAM ja rahe che. te 66 (4) prabaMdha ciMtAmaNI bhASAMtara (mudrita,amadAvAda; 1909) pR. 21mAM jaNAve che ke, " zreNikanA maraNu bAda tene putra azeAkacaMdra gAdie AvyA. A nagarImAM (rAjagRhI) peAtAnA .pitAne kALa thaye| teTalA mATe teneA tyAga karI, kauzAMkhI nagaranI pAse navInacaMpA nAmanI nagarI vasAvI tene peAtAnI rAja www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ 323 dhAno karI." A zabdomAM te kyAMya zaMkAnuM sthAna ja che. jyAre pAMDavo ane duryodhana vacce hastinApuramAM rahetuM nathI. spaSTa nirdeza karela che ke, caMpAnuM sthAna hariphAI khelAya che tyAre, karNa rAjaputra na hovAnA kauzaMbInI pAse ja che. kAraNe tene potAnA haripha lakhavAnI arjuna nA (5) jyAM jyAM caMpAnagarInA rAjA ajAtazatrunA pADe che, jethI duryodhana turata ja aMgadezanuM rAjya maraNa saMbaMdhI hakIkata jaNAvavAmAM AvI che tyAM tyAM karNane soMpI de che. have hastinApuranuM rAjaya magadhanI sarva ThekANe eka ja matalabanuM lakhANa darzAvyuM che ke, pUrve ane pazcime be vibhAgamAM te na ja vaheMcAyeluM tenuM mRtyu caMpAdezamAM ja thayuM che (je dezamAM caMpA- heya; ane pUrva hiMda para te jarAsaMdhanuM ja prabhutva nagarI AvelI hoya tenuM nAma caMpAdeza ema kahevAno che. eTale aMgadeza hastinApuranI AsapAsane ke hetu che). vaLI te kudaratI mete nathI mUo paNa samIpano ja pradeza hoI zake; tema tene samAveza paNa vidhyAparvatamAM jIta meLavavA gayo hato tyAM mUo hastinApuranI rAjyasattAmAM thato hovo joIe. che (juo haramana jekebIkRta pariziSTaparva, sarga 6, ema hoya to ja duryodhana pitAnI marajI pramANe pR. 21 ane AgaLa). AmAM viMdhyAcaLa parvatanuM aMganuM rAjya karNane soMpI zake. jarAsaMghanA sAmrAsthAna ja ema sUcave che ke, te caMpAdeza (aMgadezanI jyanI pelI bAjune pradeza tene kabaje hoya ke te rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarI hovAthI aMgadezanuM ja temAM karNane tenI bheTa dharI zake e asaMbhavita jevuM jaNAya sUcana samajavAnuM che) baMgALamAM nahIM, paNa viMdhyAcaLa che. eTale nirvivAda rIte kahI zakAya ke aMgadezanuM parvatanI aDoaDa che, eTale ke jene seMTrala prevInsIjha sthAna magadha sAmrAjya ane hastinApuranI vacce ja kahevAya che te pradeza che. hovuM joIe. (6) aMgapati dadhIvAhana rAjA pitAnI rANa (8) zilAlekhathI paNa te ja hakIkatane samarthana padmAvatI sAthe krIDA karavA jatAM hAthI upara besIne maLatuM rahe che. nAnAdhATa lekha naM. 1mAM ( jIo paMcama aTavImAM jaI caDe che. te pachI tenA anusaMdhAnamAM paricchede, nAganikAnA pitA mahArathIne aMgiya kuLadaMtapura-kaMcanapura, kaliMgadeza, vaMzadeza AdinuM vRttAMta vardhana gaNAvavAmAM Avyo che. aMgiya kulavardhanano Ave che; je bhAgalapuravALo ja te pradeza heta te artha aMgadezamAM je le-kuTuMba rahetAM hatAM tenI tenI AsapAsamAM AvA nAmavALuM koI sthAna paNa vRddhi karanAra evo thAya che. matalaba ke A mahAranathI tema tevuM kAI aTavI paNa nathI. haju tyAMthI thIo temaja mahAjakonuM sthAna, jene hAlamAM dakSiNa tarapha nIkaLI javAya te kaliMganI bhUmi upara varADa kahevAya che ane prAcIna samaye vidarbha kahetA temaja tyAMnI aTavImAM pahoMcAya kharuM. paraMtu te mATe hatA te TharAvAyuM che. agnimitre paNa je saradAranI to 'magadha dezanI bhUmimAMthI pasAra thavuM ja joIe. putrI mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM te A vidarbha tevuM karyAnuM kayAMya jaNAvAyuM paNa nathI tema paramulakanA prAMtano ja hatuM ane saMbhava che ke nAganikA temaja rAjAne koI bhUpati potAnI bhUmimAMthI emane ema mAlavikA banane aMgiya kulavardhana mahArathIonI pasAra thavA de kharo ke? eTale mAnavuM ja rahe che ke, putrIo hatI. jethI samajAya che ke, vidarbha prAMtaaMgadezanI hada dakSiNe laMbAIne viMdhyAcaLa parvatane varADa prAMta te prAcIna samayanA aMgadezano eka bhAga aDIne AvI rahI hatI. hato. te mATe tyAMnA mahArathIo potAne agiyaphala () kAzI ane kauzAMbI pAse aMgadeza, havAne vardhana kahevarAvatA hatA. purAvo mahAbhAratamAMthI paNa maLI Ave che. hakIkata uparanI A dalIla ane pramANene ekatrita ema che ke, duryodhana hastinApuranA rAjavI che. pAMDavo karIne sAra-niceDa kADhIzuM te A pramANe muddA nIkaLe IndraprasthanA rAjavI che ane jarAsaMdha magadhana samrATa che -(1) vatsadezanI rAjadhAnI kauzAMbI ane aMga

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thA 324 ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna dezanI rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarI vacce aMtara bahu jUja temAM pahelA, aSTApadaparvata upara; naM.12mA caMpApurImAM; che. (2) rAjadhAnIo vacce aMtara che paraMtu te te naM. 22mAM giranAra parvata upara ane 24mA pAvApurImAM dezanI hada te ekabIjAne aDIne ja rahelI samajAya che. nirvANa pAmyA che, jyAre bAkI rahetA vIsenuM nirvANa (3) jene hAla madhyaprAMta kahevAya che te ja mukhyabhAge baMgALAmAM Avela sametazikhara parvata upara che. prAcIna samaye aMgadeza kahevAta. (4) aMgadezanI AmAMnA aSTApadanI taLeTInuM sthAna kAleikhanA sImA dakSiNe viMdhyAcaLa parvata pAse aTakI jatI sthaLe. giranAranuM to zaMkArahita ja che. pAvApurI hatI. A nirNaye te badhA graMthamAMnAM vRttAMta, varNana (madhyama apApA tarIke je pAchaLathI oLakhAI che ta)nuM ane darzAvAyalA vidhavidha prasaMge uparathI tAravI sAMcI-bhillA13 pradezamAM, ane sametazikharanuM dhaulIkADhelA gaNAze. paraMtu je tene zilAlekhane ke jaLa- jAgaiDAnA lekhanA sthAne gaNAya che; je sarva hakIkata pu. vAI rahela anya smArakano Teke maLe to te vizeSa 2mAM darzAvAI gaI che. kevaLa bAramA tIrthaMkaranuM nirvANusaMgIna gaNAze, ane tema thAya che tene acUka rIte sthAna je caMpApurI hatI tenA sthAnanuM nirmANa karavuM ja pramANita vastu tarIke ja svIkAravI raheze. bAkI rahyuM. pU. 321-24 sudhI ATha pUrAvAnI cacono uparamAM bIjA vibhAge ApaNe puravAra karI aMte ema puravAra karI zakyA chIe, ke jenI rAjadhAnI gayA chIe (jIo pR. 301) ke azaka ane priya- caMpA che tevA aMgadezanuM sthAna kosAMbI ane kAzInI dazina banne bhinna hatA; temAM priyadarzina pote jenalamAM pUrvamAM, najIka ke aDoaDa che. temaja tenI sarahada hatA. eTale priyadarzine ubhA karela sava nAnA moTA dakSiNamAM laMbAIne TheTha vidhyAcaLa parvata sudhI laMbAI zilAlekha jainadharmanAM smAraka gaNavAnAM che. A hatI. eTale upara darzAvelI sImAvALA aMgadezamAMthI smAraka ubhA karavAmAM tene Azaya e hatuM ke, je je priyadarzanane kaI zilAlekha ApaNane maLI Ave moTA zilAlekho che tyAM tenA janadharmanA mahApurUSa te te sthAne caMpAnagarInuM hatuM ema ApoApa siddha jene kahI zakAya che te tIrthakaronAM maraNa thayAM che. thayuM gaNAze. Avo eka lekha rU5nAthane che. te ane nAnA zilAlekho che tyAM tenAM pitAnA sagAM. priyadarazanane te che ja, paraMtu tene nAnA zilAlekha vahAlAM maraNa pAmyAM che. A hakIkata prA. bhA. 5. tarIke lekhAvyo che eTale ApaNI badhI zaratA paLAi 2mAM samrATa priyadarzinanA vRttAMte jaNAvI che. tema ja zakatI na gaNAya. chatAM have navA zaidhathI mAlUma paDayuM vizeSa vistArapUrvaka, mArA taraphathI priyadarzinanuM che ke, rUpanAthanA lekhanA je traNa cAra TukaDA thaI jIvanacaritra je taiyAra thaI rahyuM che temAM paNa jaNA- gayA che tene ekatrita karatAM, te e meTAlekha vavAmAM AvI che. tyAMthI joI levA vinaMti che. paraMtu thaI zake che ke tyAM paNa giranAra parvatanA lekha jevA, tene sAra atre jaNAvI daIe. tIrthakaranAM ane pharamAne ketarAyAM che. temaja hAthInuM cihna paNa pitAnAM sagAMnAM maraNasthAne vacceno bheda pArakhI katarAyeluM mAlUma paDI AvyuM che. eTale lagabhaga nakkI zakAya te mATe, teNe prathama prakAranAM sthAna upara zilA- thaI gayeluM ja gaNavuM rahe che ke, rUpanAtha lakhanI lekho ke tarAvIne pitAnI sahI sUcavatuM hAthInuM cihna jagyAe ja ke tenI AsapAsamAM ja caMpAnagarInuM mUkayuM che jyAre bIjA prakAranAM sthAne te cihna rahita sthAna hovuM joIe. vaLI jyAre sarakArI saMzodhanakhAtuM rahevA dIdhAM che. jainonA tIrthakaronI saMkhyA 24nI che. ema jAhera kare che ke, A rUpanAtha ane jabalapuranI (11) jyAM parvata upara nirvANa thayuM hoya tyAM tenI taLeTIe zilAlekha priyadarzine ubho karyo che ema samajavuM, (12) jue uparanI TIkA naM. 11 (13) A pArvatIya pradezamAM jayAthI zilAlekha maLI Ave (hAthInA cinhokti) tyAM tenI taLeTI samajavI,

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ 325 vacce prAcIna samaye kAi moTInagarI hAvI joSTae te sthiti upajAvI kADhI che te samajavA, prathama mAre ema tyAMnA pradezamAMthI maLI AvatAM avazeSo uparathI mAlUma paDe che. eTale teA pAkApAye-seAvasA-nirNaya ja thai jAya che ke, caMpAnagarI tyAM ja hatI ane tenI pAsenA parvata upara ke tenA udyAnamAM, bAramA tArthaMkara nirvANa pAmyA haiAvA joie. jo parvata upara ja nirvANuM pAmya hoya teA rUpanAtha lekhanI jagyA te parvatanI taLATInuMja sthAna lekhavuM ane udyAnamAM nirvANa pAmyA heAya te te sthAna caMpAnagarInA, aMtimabhAganuM ke pAsenA udyAnanuM lekhavuM ke jyAM temane agnidAha devAyA hAya jema A pramANe pustakA caMpAnagarInA sthaLanI ceAkhavaTa karI rahyAM che ane tene zilAlekhA pUrAvAe samarthana ApyuM che, tema prAcIna samaye ubhA karAyela smArakanA paNa te hakIkatane TekA maLI rahyo che. A smAraka bhArahatastUpa samajavA. te sthAna, zrImahAvIranA kaivalya kalyANanuM puravAra karI ApatI vakhate caMpAnagarI A sthaLamAM ja hAvA vizenI keTalIka vigata pR. 313-14 upara apAI gaI che. vaLI vizeSamAM 'jaMbhIya--gAmane RRjIvAlikA nadI'vALA zirSakamAM nIce varNavI che te jIe. AvI rIte zilAlekhI, smArakarUpI ane pustakAmAMnA-ema sarve prakAranAM pramANeAthI, aMgadezanI caMpApurInuM sthAna prAcIna samaye-dadhivAhana ane ajAtazatrunA samaye-madhyaprAMtavALA bhAgamAM ane jabalapuranI pAsenA rUpanAtha zilAlekhavALA sthAne hatuM ema nakkI thayuM gaNI levuM. traNe utArA ApavA joie ane pachI mArA khUlAsA ApavA joie ke jethI vAstavika sthiti zuM che te vAcaka pAse spaSTa thaI jAya. (pahelA) prAcIna caMpApurIne nAza i. sa. pU. 556mAM thaI gayA bAda lagabhaga trIsa trIsa varSe A rAjA kUNuikavALI caMpAnI sthApanA thaI che (prA. bhA. 1, pR. 139, TI. 22); (bIjo utArA) I. sa. pU. 557mAM vatsapati rAjA zatAnIke, caMpA upara hallA karI bhAMgI nAkhI hatI...eTale ke Azare pacIsa varSe tenA punarUddhAra thayA ema gaNavuM (prA. bhA. 1, pR. 374, TI. 15); (trIne utArA) vaLI te nagarI sarvathA nAza pAmelI naheAtI, eTale e traNa varSamAM ja tene punarUddhAra karAvI rAjyapATa pheravI tyAM rahevA lAgyA (prA. bhA. 1, pR.296). A traNa utArAmAMthI prathamanA e mArA pustakanI TIkAmAMnA che jyAre chelle mukhya lakhANamAMnA che. temAMnA meTA akSare je zabdo che te temaNe dhyAna khecavA lakhyA samajAya che. mArA khUlAse| e che ke, lagabhaga trIsa trIsa varSe ane Azare pacIsa varSe, A vAkayA zabdomAM bahu asaMgata jevuM nathI ja; kemake ekamAM lagabhaga che te khojAmAM Azare che. eTale pacIsa ane trIsanI gaNatrI AvI ja rahe che. chatAMye temAM kAMi kaDAkATa samaya darzAvavAnA Azaya nahAtA ja, te te " lagabhaga ane Azare ' zabdo vaparAyA che te uparathI paNa dIvA jevuM spaSTa dekhAI Ave che, trojA utArAmAM je "be traNa varSamAM ja " lakhAyuM che te paNa vAjabI che. kaeNmaka AkhuM kathana rAjA ajAtazatrunA bArAmAM lakhAyuM che. vaLI tenI tarata ja pAchaLa punarUthAra karAvI rAjyapATa pheravI tyAM rahevA gayA." lakhAyalA zabdothI tema ja je pArigrAphamAMthI temaNe avataraNa karyuM che te AkhuM vAMcI javAthI spaSTa thaI jAya tema che ke,gAdIe AvyA pachI rAjA ajAtazatrue " e traNa varSamAM ja '' caMpAnagarIneA punarUddhAra karAvyA che. A zabdAne caMpAnagarI kyAre bhAMgI te kyAre vasI tenA samaya sAthe kAMi ja saMbaMdha nathI; eTale ke uparanAM e avataraNAthI A trIjA avataraNanA samaya ATalA khulAsA caMpAnA sthAna viSe thayA; have tenA samaya vize jaNAvIza. temaNe mArA pustakamAMthI traNeka utArA temanA pustakanA rR. 53 upara nAMkhyA che ane chevaTe pR. 54 upara peAtAnA abhiprAya jAhera karyo che ke " A traNe virodhI hakIkatA...kayA gaNitanA hisAbathI thaI zake te samajavuM muzkela nathI eTale ke uparanI hakIkata taddana asaMmata che." temanA kahevAnI matalakha e che ke te traNe utArAmAM Apela samaya ekakhIjAthI bhinna che ane tevuM lakhavAmAM meM mArA peAtAnA ja zabdo khATA karAvyA che. meM pote bhUla khAdhI che ke, pAte kArya paNa agamya kAraNane lIdhe ', Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat .. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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326 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna judo ja paDe te kaI paNa samajI zake tevuM ja che. pU. 405thI 381=24 varSa Avaze. mAruM samajavuM prathama ema thatuM hatuM ke A ava- A badhI sAle pR. 301thI305 sudhI puravAra karI taraNomAM meTA akSare TAMkelA zabda paratve ja temane Apela sAlethI ghaNI judI paDI Ave che te tarata virodha haze. te hisAbe uparanI samajUti ApI che. samajI javAze. matalaba ke, temaNe je samaya mAnya paraMtu samajAya che ke rAjA kuNikano rAjyAbhiSeka je rAkhela che te satya nathI. joke A viSaya upara keTalIye I.sa. pU. pa28mAM meM ne che temAM paNa temane virodha carcA thaI gaI che ane judA judA vidvAnoe judo judo che. kharI rIte te A praznano ukela, bhagavAna zrI samaya nirNita karI Apyo che chatAM, sarva banAvane mahAvIranA jIvanamAM banelA aneka banAno paraspara samaya tenAthI saMtoSAto na hovAthI temAM sudhArAne samaya nakkI karavA upara avalaMbe che eTale zrImahA- avakAza rahe che eTaluM svIkAravuM ja rahe che. vIranuM svataMtra pustaka huM bahAra pADavAno chuM temAM prazna (2):-jaMbhIyagAma ane rijuvAlukA nadIsamAveza karAze. chatAM ane jyAre temaNe prazna upasthita A sthAne bhagavAna zrI mahAvIrane kaivajJAna karyo che tyAre katipayaaMze te samajAvavA prayatna karIza. prApta thayuM hatuM. meM te sthAnane madhyaprAMtamAM nagAda ' temaNe nIcenA samaya upara gaNatrI karI che:- rAye Avela bhArata gAmane oLakhAvyuM che. jyAre (1) zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANa I. sa. pU. pa27-6 temaNe baMgALa ilAkAmAM hAlanA jainaprajAnA tIrthadhAma (2) zreNikanA rAjyanI samApti eTale rAjA kRNikane pAvApurI pAse AvyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A saMbaMdhamAM rAjyAbhiSeka I. sa. pU. 55 ke 54 (3) ane temaNe pR. 61thI 76 sudhI 16 pRSTho bharyo che. pitAnI kaNikarAye AThamA varSe buddhanuM nirvANu eTale I. sa. Teva pramANe ADIavaLI noMdhamAM moTobhAga kADhI pU. 544 ke 464 te hisAbe bIjA aitihAsika nAMkhyo che. jyAre "jaMbhIyagAma ane rijuvAlikA" prasaMge samaya temaNe nIce pramANe ja TharAva paDaze - nadI mATe te kevaLa eka pramANu ja utAryuM che, je (1) buddhabhagavAnanuM AyuSya 80 varSanuM che tethI zabdazaH A pramANe pR. 76 upara che. temane janma I. sa. pU. 624 ke 626 mAM Avaze. " pArzvanAtha hIla (sametazikhara)thI dakSiNa (2) zreNika, bhagavAna buddhathI pAMca varSa nAno pUrvamAM AjI (Ajaiy) nAmanI moTI nadI vahe che eTale tene janma I. sa. pU. 619mAM; ane che. A nadIne eka kAMThe lagabhaga be mAIla upara paMdara varSanI uMmare gAdIe beTho che eTale I. sa. pU. jamazrAma (Jamgram) nAmanuM prAcIna gAma 604mAM Avaze; tyArabAda 311 varSa azokanuM maraNa che. ahi juno kille vagere paNa che. A thayuM che tethI tene samaya I. sa. pU. 293 Avaze. gAma pArzvanAtha hilathI dakSiNapUrvamAM lagabhaga (3) azokanuM maraNa 293mAM gaNAya che, teno pacAsa mAIla eTale pacIseka gAu thAya (eTaluM janma (29R82 varSanuM AyuSya hatuM te hisAbe) 375 lakhIne pachI potAnA vicAra jaNAvatAM lakhe I. sa. pU; tenuM gAdIe besavuM 357 ane rAjyAbhiSeka che)..."eTale evI kalpanA thaI zake che ke, 349 Avaze. A AjI nadI e ja te vakhatanI uju (Rju) (4) te hisAbe biMdusArane rAjyakALa I. sa. nadI hoya, ane A jamazrAma e ja te vakhatanuM .pU. 381-353 sudhI=28 varSa Avaze. jaibhayagrAma heya."..... (5) ane caMdragupta mauryano rAjyakALa I. sa. (prAcIna tIrthamALA saMgraha bhA. 1, pR. 33, TI.) (14) A traNe samaya mATe paNa mAnya che ema sama- javuM nahIM. prathama barAbara che bIjA trIjAmAM bhinnatA che. ane te temanI gaNatrI kevI khATI che te batAvavA puratuM ja A vivecana che.

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] vAcaka joI zakaze ke A avataraNamAM kAI ThekANe RjuvAlukA nadI ke je bhIyagrAmane sAbita karatA eka harapha paNu lakhela nathI. chatAM tevA adhakacarA ane ekalaDAkala purAvA upara ja kalpanAnA taraMge caDhIne peAtAnA kathanane satya manAvavA tee zrI prayatna karI rahyA che. AmAM nyAya keTale gaNAya te te vAcaka svayaM vicArI joze. jo ke meM te| bhAradbhutanA sthAnane bhagavAna zrImahAvIranuM kaivalyasthAna heAvA vize uparanA pustakanA pramANeA ApIne tathA stUpa (jenuM mApa lagabhaga 80 phITa UMcuM ane 150 phuTa paheALuM che. tevA jabarajasta ImAratI kAma) jevA smArakanA purAvA ApIne sAbita karI ApyuM cheja. vaLI vizeSa sAbitI mATe temanAja kathanamAMthI prathama utArA laine ane te Ada vizeSa maLI AvatA anya pustakanA pramANathI mArA matane samarthana pUruM pADIza. (pR. 66) "bhagavAne agiyAramuM cAmAsuM vaizAlI nagarImAM karyuM. te pachI cAmAsuM pUruM thaye bhagavAna susumArapura AvyA; tyAMthI bhAgapura, naMdigrAma, ma~DhiyagAma AvyA ane tyAMthI kauzAMkhImAM AvyA. (A temanA zabdathI sAbita thAya che ke, meDhiyagAma kauzAMkhInI najIkamAM hAvuM joIe) AgaLa jatAM te ja pRSTa upara pAte lakhe che ke.--"caMpAmAM AvyA, tyAM temaNe khAramuM ceAmAsuM karyuM. e ceAmAsA pachI bhagavAna jaMbhIyagAma, meDhiyagAma, chammANi majijhama pAvA vageremAM vicarI jaMbhIyagAma (RjIvAlikA nadI upara) mAM AvyA tyAM temane vaizAkha sudi 6nA divase kevaLa jJAna thayuM." [mArI nAMdha-uparanA zabdothI pazu e ja samajutI nIkaLe che ke, temaNe noMdhela sarva sthAne caMpAnI pAsenA pradezamAM ja AvelAM hovAM joI e. tema uparanA prathama avataraNamAM te ja meDhiyagAmane nirdeza, kauzAMkhInI najIka ane A dvitiya avataraNamAM te ja me DhiyagAmane nirdeza caMpAnI najIkamAM AvatA hAine, sahaja anumAna bAMdhI zakAya che ke, caMpA ane kauzAMbI temaja upara jaNAvela sarva gAme| arasaparasa najIka najIkamAM ja hovAM joIe; temAM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 327 kauzAMkhInuM sthAna alhAbAdathI pazcime yamunA nadI upara 28-30 mAIla Avela sarva saMmata che ane caMpAnuM sthAna ApaNe rUpanAtha lekhavALA sthAnanI najIkamAM hAvAnuM sAbita karI gayA chIe (pR. 321 thI 324 jIe) eTale temanA ja zabdathI sAbita thaI gayuM ke, bhagavAnanuM kaivalyarathAna A pradezamAM ja hatuM, nahIM ke baMgALa jevA duranA pradezamAM. uparamAM te temanA kathananAM pramANa, temanI virUddha janArAM khatAvyAM. have anya pustakanAM pramANu vicArIzuM. ka. su. su. TIkA rR. 91nI paMkti 4mAM lakhyuM che ke, "tyAMthI anukrame kaiAzAMkhInagarIe prabhu gayA. tyAM zatAnika nAme rAjA hatA. tenI mRgAvatI nAme rANI hatI--(pR. 14) te vakhate zatAnika rAjAe caMpAnagarIne bhAMgI. tyAMnA dadhivAhana rAjAnI dhAriNI nAmanI strIne tathA vasumatI nAmanI putrIne keda pakaDI...(5 16) vasumatIne krazAMkhInA coTAmAM lAvIne vecI tene dhanAvaha nAmanA zeThe vecAtI laI, caMdanA nAma ApIne putrInI peThe rAkhI....(pR. 28) caMdanAe prabhune aDadanA bAkulA vaheArAvyA te mekSa lIdhuM. te vakhate tyAM padivyA pragaTa thayAM. iMdra pazu AvyeA...(5. 30) tyAM mRgAvatI mAsInuM maLavApaNuM thayuM tathA te saMbaMdhI vasudhArAmAM paDeluM dhana thatAnika levA AvyA, tene nivArIne dhanAvahune te dhana daIne tathA " A vIraprabhunI pahelI sAdhvI thaze" ema kahIne iMdra potAne sthAnake gayA. pachI anukrame bhikA nAme gAmamAM IMdre nRtyavidhi dekhADIne kahyuM ke ATale divase jJAnanI prApti thaze (pR. 92, 5. 1) tyArabAda meDhikA gAme camare prabhune kuzaLa pUchyuM ..A sarva zabdothI spaSTa ane zaMkArahita mAlama thAya che kaiAzAMkhI ane caMpA najIkamAM che temaja jaMbhikA ane meDhika paNa te dezamAM ja Avela che. AcAryajIe paNa khika ane meDhika najIka DeAvAnuM ja (pR. 66)mAM jag2AvyuM che. te ja ka. su. su. TI. na pR. 94, paM. 13mAM lakhe ke, vijaya nAmanA mute jaMlika nAmanA gAmanI bahAra RjIpAlikA nAmanI nadIne kAMThe, vyAvRttva nAmanA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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328 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna eka vyaMtaranA devaLanI, nahi ati dUra, tema nahi ati ullekha ja pR. 91thI 94 sudhImAM kayAMya karAyo nathI. najadIka, zyAmA nAme kuTuMbikanA kSetramAM, sAlanAmanAM eTale vaizAlImAM comAsuM karIne "prabhu susumAra nAme vRkSa nIce, utkaTika AsanathI AtApanA letAM thakAM nagara prate gayA tathA tyAM camakanA utpAta thayo tyAMthI chaThThano tapa hete chate..kevaLa jJAna ane kevaLa darzana anakame phezAMbI nagarIe prabhu gayA" AvA zabdone prabhune utpanna thayAM. " A vAkyamAM, zrI mahAvIrane AdhAre bAramuM comAsuM kauzAMbImAM thayAnuM meM mAnI kevaLajJAna utpanna thavAnA gAmanI kevaLa neMdha ja lIdhuM. te vAtane vaLI puSTi e uparathI maLI gaI karI nathI, paraMtu te gAmamAM kayA sthaLe, kaI jagAe, te bAda zatAnike caMpA upara hale karIne bhAMgyAnI, kayA kSatramAM tathA AsapAsa kayAM sthAne hatAM ema dhAriNI ane vasamatI pakaDAyAnI, caMdanabALAe sarva vigatethI darzAvyuM che. ane vAcaka varga kadAca aDadanA bAkuLA vahorAvyAnI I. I. prasaMgonuM varNanajoIne ajAyabImAM garakAva thaI jaze, ke te sarva avataraNa pramANe Abehuba banI gayuM hovAthI, te sthiti atyAre paNa tAdRzya svarUpamAM jaLavAI rahI che. sarve bAramuM comAsuM vItyA bAda thayA hovAnuM meM bhArahatattvapa nAme janarala kaniMgahAme racela pustakamAMthI kApI lIdhuM ane te ja mAnyatA pramANe prAcInaA sthAnane lagatA je be nakazA citaryo che, te meM bhAratavarSamAM sarvatra jaNAvAyuM che. sAthe sAthe vAcakaA pustakamAM joyA che te jovAthI mane saMpUrNa umeda varga kapA karIne naMdhI leze ke A pramANe vigatamAM che ke, mArA kathananI vAcakane saMpUrNa khAtrI thaI jaze. phera paDe che kharo, paraMtu meM raju karela kAI siddhAMta atra A prazna saMbaMdhIne mAre khulAso pUro ke thIyarI badalAI jatI nathI; tethI temanuM kaivalya thaI jAya che. eTale AgaLa vadhavuM rahyuM. te pUrve nyAyanI kalyANaka ke nirvANa kalyANaka te jyAM meM TharAvyuM che khAtara kahevuM joIe ke AcArya mahArAjazrIe bhale tyAM ja rahe che. eTale have te te sudhAre jyAre pustakanI bIjI ADIavaLI nAMdhe karIne mAruM kathana asatya navI AvRtti karavAne yoga sAMpaDaze tyAre karI levAnuM ja TharAvavA prayatna karyo che, chatAM mArAthI eka khalanA ovazyaka rahyuM gaNAze. je thaI gaI che te tarapha mAruM lakSa daryuM che te mATe prazna (3) -pAvApurI kayAM AvyuM ? A jarUra temano RNI thaye chuM ja, kalpasUtra sukhabodhinI praznanI carcAmAM temaNe pR. 7thI 105=29 pRSTho vRttinuM bhASAMtara nAme pustaka sulabhya hovAthI tene rokayAM che ne tenA sAra, sAMcI ane pAvApurI AdhAra meM vAraMvAra lIdhuM che. bhASAMtara hoI temAM evA traNa vibhAga pADayA che. A Akhoye keTalIka bhUlo rahI gaI che chatAM maLa hakIkata to prazna, mahAvIra bhagavAnanA nirvANa sthaLa sAthe saMkaLAtemAM barAbara sacavAI rahelI ja dekhAya che. temAM yela che. nirvANusthaLanuM nAma pAvApurI hatuM te mAre zrImahAvIre dIkSA laIne kevaLa jJAna utpanna thayuM tyAM paNa kabula che. je matabheda che te tenA sthaLa-jagyA sudhInA bAra comAsAM kyAM kayAM karyo, tenuM vRttAMta mATe che. temanuM kahevuM che ke, "pAvApurI pUrvadezamAM ApavAno prayAsa pR. 81thI 91 sudhI karela che. ahIM bihAra pAse AvelI che. te bihArathI 7 mAIla, pR. 91, 5. 2mAM vaizAlInagarImAM prabhunuM 11muM jaMbhIyagAmathI bAra yojana dUra ane rAjagRhIthI comAsuM thayuM ema lakhyuM che. ane te bAda pU. 94mAM 3 kAsa dara AvelI che. zrI mahAvIra eka ja rAtrimAM temane kaivalya prApti thaI tyAMsudhInuM varNana karI jaMbhIyagAmathI pAvApurI padhAryA hatA ane tyAM javAyuM che. paraMtu bAramuM comAsuM kayAM thayuM hatuM tene saMkazALa rajajuka sabhAmAM temanuM nivaNa thayuM hatuM."15 0 1 ) (15) A uparathI to evuM samajAya che ke bhagavAna pote pAmyA pachI turata pahelI rAtrIe uparanA sthAna vacce nirvANa pAmyA, te pUrve eka rAtrImAM jesIyagAmathI pAvApurI bAra yojanane vihAra te zAstra pramANita che. paraMtu sudhInA bAra yojanane temaNe vihAra karyo hato. A nirvANa pUrve AvaDe lAMbe vihAra karyAnuM kayAMya noMdhAyuM kAMIka navIna ja hakIkta raju thaI gaNAya (kemake kevaLa jJAna jaNAtuM nathI

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 329 1 AvA (jIe, temanuM pustaka, pR. 105) jyAre mAruM kahevuM mapAvA ne mahasenavana-baMnene paraspara evI rIte che ke, te sthaLa pALa reTamAM jyAM bhisA ane saMbaMdha batAvAya che ke je hakIkata meM sAMcI sAMcIgAmanA pradeze lagabhaga 60 jeTalA sva stUpanI carcAmAM upADI che (juo pR. 309 thI 311 AvelA che te pradezamAM che. A pramANe jyAM baMnenI tene puSTa mAnyatAmAM dizAno ja phera hoya tyAM potAnI mAnya. prazna (4) -saMcI=sAMcI ke sAcAra tAnI sAthe tenI gaNatrI laIne, sAcora ane sAMcI saMcInagara vize mArI mAnyatA zuM che te huM vize game teTalI vAta karyA kare te tarapha ApaNe prathama TuMkAmAM jaNAvI dauM; jethI khulAsAmAM huM zuM upekSAvRtti ja sevavI rahe che. paraMtu kevaLa je sAcora kahevA mAguM chuM te spaSTapaNe samajI zakAya. jepALa ane sAMcI saMbaMdhI ja che tene sAMcInA praznanI nIce reTamAM jyAM bhIlsA ane sAMcI stare Avela che, tapAsavAmAM Avaze ja. eTale bAkI rahela trIje (juo prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 188 upara te pradezane vibhAga-(pAvApurInAM sAta ATha pRSTho -ApaNe nakazo) te lagabhaga AkhA pradezamAM eka nagarI I. sa. kasI jo rahe che. ahIM paNa temaNe pUrvanA praznonI pU.nI chaThI sadImAM AvI hatI. A nagarInA pUrva cheDe piThe 23 purAvA ApyA che. tene be vargamAM vaheMcI hAlanuM bhilsA urphe vidizA ane pazcima cheDe saMcI zakAya tema che. Adina 1 thI 7 ane chello 23mo hatuM. vidizAmAM vaizyaprajA vasatI hatI. te bahu maLI AThano eka varga ane vacce rahI gayela 8 samRddhivaMta prajA hatI ane A sthAnamAM zrI mahAvIra thI 22 maLI paMdarane bIjo varga. pahelA vargamAM nirvANa pAmyA hatA. jyAre temanA zarIrane tyAMthI ajaina prathAnAM pramANa che uparAMta te sarva laga- laI jaIne, sacIvALA pradezamAM agnidAha devAyo bhaga arvAcIna gaNAya tevA che. vaLI AThamAMthI mAtra ane te upara stUpa racAyA hatA. te samayathI samrATa ekamAM ja pAvApurI be hatI ema lakhANa che. ekamAM priyadarzana sudhInA aDhIsoeka varSamAM je je samartha bauddhanI pAvApurInI ja vAta noMdhI che jyAre ApaNe AcAryo vagere thaI gayA paraMtu temanAM zarIra viSaya tapAsavo che jemanI pAvApurIne; A gaNa- jude jude ThekANe agnisaMskAra pAmelAM, temanAM trIthI te vargane dUra rAkhI mUkavo paDaze. have bIjA bhakatAe jyAMthI banyuM tyAMthI, temanAM bhasma Adi varganI tapAsa laIe. temAMnI padare dalIlo jena je sacavAI rakhAyuM hatuM te upADI karIne. graMthanI ja che. temAM naM. 10-11-12 ane 13= vIranA mukhya stUpanI AsapAsa, jyAM ane jevI maLI 4 purAvA prAcIna tIrthamALAnA" che; tenI jagyAnI anukULatA sAMpaDI, tyAM ane te pramANamAM bhASA ja kahI Ape che ke, te bAkI rahetA 11 nAnA moTA pitApitAnA sAmarthya pramANe sUpa purAvA jevA prAcIna zAstragraMthanA nathI; ane Azcarya ubhA karAvI te smaraNe sAcavI mUkyAM. AvA samagra jevuM e che ke, A upara temaNe moTo madAra bAMdhyo saMcaya-samuhane te uparathI saMcIpurI nAma apAyuM hoya. che. chatAM 11 purAvAmAMthI ekamAM paNa, pAvApurInA A gAmane pAchaLathI upara jaNAvyA pramANe kadAca sthaLanI carcA karelI nathI tema koIe tenuM sthAna saMcayapurasaMcayapurI saMcIpurI kahevAyuM hoya athavA (jema AcAryajI mahArAja mAne che tema) pUrva dezamAM satyabhASI AtmAothI te jagyA vasI rahela hovAthI hovAnuM paNa jaNAvyuM nathI. pachI zA AdhAre teozrI tenuM nAma satyapura paNa paDayuM hoya. game te zabda hoya. pUrva dezamAM levAnuM makkamatApUrvaka jaNAvI rahyA che ? te samaye kAMI vartamAnanA jevA vyAkaraNanA niyamo ulaTuM naM. 15 ane naM. 19nA purAvAmAM te maji- ghaDAyA nahIM hoya eTale jagaciMtAmaNInI prAkRtagAthAmAM (19) bhUyiSTAzvarya bhUmizvarama jinavara stUpa ramya svarupA- apApA kalpa 42 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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330 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna je nagarane 'saccaurimaMDaNu' zabda karIne nirdezyuM mAnyatAvALA nagarane tapAsI jue che. eTale svA che te A sthAna che. ke, izAna khUNe (vidizAmAM)bhAvika che ke te baMne baMdhamesatA na ja Ave. have hAvAthI ane te bhAgamAM dhanavAna viSTA rahetA samajAze ke pR. 329 upara je huM kahI gayA cheM ke temaNe hatA tethI "pUrva dikSi pAvApurI, rUdhdha bharIre, mukti-kahelAM sarvAM kathane tarapha upekSAvRtti dharAvavI rahe che gayA mahAvIra tIratha te namuMre " ema samayasuMdara te keTaluM vAjI che. paraMtu temaNe darzAvelA sAcera kavie kaDImAM gUMthI batAvyuM che. uparAMta pUrva saMbaMdhI daza avataraNAmAMthI bhale mahAvIranA nirvANa dizivALuM pa--vidizAmAM DhAvAthI, vidizAnagarI saMbaMdhI kAMI ja prApta thatuM nathI, chatAM naM. 8 vALI nAmathI ja pAchaLathI prakhyAtimAM AvyuM che ane rUSabhapaMcAzikA pR. 16 nI TAMkelI e kaDIthI eTaluM ApaNe jANIe chIe ke te bissAnuM khIjAM nAma spaSTa thAya che, ke te nagare zrImanmahAvIranuM caitya vidizA paNa che. A uparathI History of fine zaiAbhI rahyuM che. matalaba ke A sAceranagara zrI Arts in India and Ceylon by V. smith mahAvAranuM eka tIrthadhAma te che ja paraMtu zrImahA1911, pp. 14. 'The huge mass of solid vIranI kalyANaka bhUmi teA te nathI ja. brick masonary known as the Great prazna (5):--cAravADa e ja zauripura kai ? Stupa of Sanchi may be his (Asoka= A vize paNa AcAya jI mahArAje lagabhaga Priyadarsin =hisTarIepha phAina ArTasa ina paMdara pRSTho zakayAM che te-22-avataraNA ApyAM che. inDiyA enDa sIlena, I. 1911, pR. 14mAM tenA temanuM kahevuM e che ke, zauripuranI sthApanA zauri kartA vinseTa smithane lakhavuM paDayuM che ke "IMTAneA je rAjAe karI che te tenuM sthAna yukta prAMtamAM AgnA gaMjAvara ane nakkara caNela guMbaja sAMcInA meATA najIka zikAhAbAdathI khAra cauda mAIlanA aMtare stUpa tarIke jANItA thayA che te zeka (jene huve che. ApaNe priyadarzina TharAvIe chIe te)nA haze.'; (jIe prA. bhA. pu. 2, pR 470-ra tathA tenI TIkA). A hakIkata mAre amAnya nathI; temaNe prA. bhA. 1. pR. 50 mAMthI mArUM je avataraNa utAryuM che te ja vAkaye ane te ja pramANe mArA mata pazu uccArAya che tathA te gaNatrIe ja " je samudravijayanA vakhatamAM yAdavA mathurA cheADI kAThiyAvADamAM AvyA." AvA zabdo meM lakhyA che, je temaNe svIkAryAM paNa che ne teno nAMdha paNa lIdhI che. A sAMcInA stUpA jainadharmanA che ane temAMnA mukhya sAMcI stUpa naM. 117 (Sanchi Tope No. 1) zrImahAvIranA zarIrane agnidAha devAyA te sthAna upara ubho karAyalA che te sarva hakIkata uparamAM pR. 309 thI 31ramAM puravAra karI devAi che. hajIye mArI mAnyatA e che ke, "jayau vora sacca urimaMDaNa"mAM je 'saccara' zabda che te saccapurI--satyapurI ke saMcIpurI ne AzrayIne ja vaparAcala che. jyAre vartamAnakALe sAcAranagara je mAravADamAM Avela che tene saccaura tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. AcAryazrI paNu teja mAnyatAnA AdhAre, kema jANe huM paNu temanA matavALA hAu tema, mArI A satalakha ke te auripurane anulakSIne meM cAravADanA uccAra karyAM nathI tema te zauripuranI sthApanAnI carcA paNa karI nathI. parantu uparanA zabdAmAM je jaNAvAyuM che ke 'kAThiyAvADamAM AvyA' te sthitine anurUpa thatI sthiti batAvatA ja, cAravADa--AArapura ema kahevAnA Azaya che. atyAre jema iMglAMDanA yArka, kembrIja Adi zaheranA vatanIo amerikAmAM jai tyAM navAM vasAhatA vasAvIne potAnAM mULa vatananAM (17) A stupanuM pramANa paNu, bhArhuta stUpanA jevaDuM ja lagabhaga che. eTale ke lagabhaga 80 kuMDhe karyu ane 150 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat kuTa paheALu [A pustakanA aMte citra jue.. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ 3st nAme temane oLakhAvI rahyAM che, tema samudra vijayA- ema batAvAyuM che pasI (pati) me ho ane die kAThiyAvADamAM AvI navuM zairipura vasAvyuM, je prasenajIta-jItazatru nAno hato.vaLI naM. 49nA kALakrame coravADa nAme prakhyAtIne pAmyuM hatuM ema avataraNamAM lakhela che ke, "setavyanagara kapilavastu kahevAne mAro Azaya che. ane tethI ja samudravijaya zrAvastIne joDanAra moTA rastA uparanA vihAra-sthaLa kuLadIpaka zrInemikumArane jIvanapravAha, tyAM vyatIta tarIke ja mAtra mahatvanuM na hatuM, paraMtu kezalanuM eka thaI rahyo hato tathA temanuM dIkSAkSetra je giranAravALA mahatvanuM zahera paNa hatuM, jyAM pAyAsI (jene pAyesI) pradezamAM gaNavAyuM che, te paNa tene ja AbhArI che. nAmanA rAyela ciphanA aiphizyala heDakvArTarsa hatA prazna (6):-rAjA prasenajIta ane pradezI rAjA- AmAM setavya (sevIya-rAjA pasInI rAjadhAnI)ne pahelAM ApaNe temaNe raju karelAM maMtavyanI tapAsa karI kezaladezamAM hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che, ke je kezalanA laie. temaNe A vize pR. 161thI 183 sudhI lagabhaga adhipati tarIke prasenajIta-jItazatra hovAnuM pite 23 pRSTha bharyA che ane temAM prAcIna arvAcIna, jena, mAne che. eTale A avataraNamAM pasI meTo ke ajena maLI 54 pramANo avataraNarUpe ApyAM che. prasenajIta mATe te vicAravA jevuM thaI paDayuM. pitAnA maMtavyano sAra pR. 166 upara Apyo che. prathama te "rAyela cikanA ephizyala heDakavArTarsa"(1) kezalapatirAjA prasenajIta, rAjadhAnI sAvathI vALA vAkyamAM ja "royalacika"nA arthamAM gUcavADe ane kayAdhipati rAjA pradeza, rAjadhAnI sevIya thavA jevuM lAgyuM. kAraNake rAyela zabda pote ja eka (2) prasenajItanuM prAkRtarUpa 5senadi thAya che ane te uMce darajajo sUcave che ane temAM vaLI sAthe pradezanA prAkatarUpa padesI vA paesI thAya che. sAthe cipha zabda joDAyela hovAthI. ekadama vizeSa temanAM maMtavyane prathama bhAga tapAsIe. temaNe mahattavanI padavIdhAraka te vyakti hovI joIe evuM rAjA prasenajItane kezalapati kahyA che ane te anumAna thayuM. vaLI uparanA naM. 14mA avataraNamAM vizeSanAma lekhatA hoya ema sarvatra jaNAvyuM che. rAjA prasenajItane rAjA pasIne khaMDiyo hovAne jyAre naM. 15nA avataraNanA (pR. 171) zabdo kahe jaNAvyuM che. eTale rAjA pavesInA darajajA vize che ke " ajAtazatranI mAphaka prasenajIta paNa mAna- doreluM mArU badhuM anumAna sAcuM che evI kalpanA vAcaka nAma athavA to pada-TAITala che, je kezala- thai. paraMtu tenA mULa lakhANamAM "The official patie dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. jene e uvAsa-dasAo sUtramAM head-quarters of a royal chieftain apanAma tarIke vAparelo " jItazatra' (vijetA= named Payasi (Jain Paesi) jevA zabda conqueror) zabda tenA vAstavika arthane bilakula joyA ke tarata vicAra pheravavA paDayA. tene te spaSTa rIte raju kare che" eTale ke (1) prasenajIta chieftain eka nAnA pradezanA mAlika ja hoya ema te mAtra mAnavAcaka pada che jethI te nAma anekane jaNAvAyuM che, kayAM chieftain zabda ane kayAM cika lAgI zake (2) kezalapati jItazatrune (vijetA= zabda ? paraMtu pR. 168mAM TAMkela naM. 10nA avataraNamAM guerornA) guNasahita varNavI, jainasUtramAM je In Kosala, king Mahakosala had been nAmathI saMbo che tenI vAstavikatA siddha thayelI succeeded by his son Pasenadi or che ema potAno abhiprAya jaNAvyuM che. TUMkamAM Prasenajit jevA aMgrejI lakhANane artha jyAM, jItazatru rAjAne mahAbaLavAna gaNAvyo cheH naM. 14nA rAjA mahAkezala pitAnA putra senadi ke prasenajIta avataraNamAM lakhela che ke, "chataza kuNAladezanI dvArA kALamAM saphaLa thayA hatA, ema karAvyo hoya sAvathInagarIno rAjA hatA. rAjA jitazatra pasI tyAM chieftain ane chiefne arthe bIjI rIte rAjAne AjJAdhArI khaM irAjA hato eTale ahIM karAya te bahu Azcarya pAmavA jevuM ja rahe chevaTe Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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33ra ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna IgrejI ke tenA anuvAdamAMthI nipajatA artha anarthanI aneka prakAranA Azaya batAvanArAM te sarve avataraNo mAthAkuTamAM na utaratAM, kahevAnA Azaya tarapha ja che. AvAM kathane upara keTale madAra bAMdhe te vAcaka vaLI gayo. svayaM vicArI jeze. A pramANe temanA maMtavyanA paraMtu A badhuM vivecana karI huM koIne temane prathama bhAganI tapAsanuM pariNAma samajavuM. ke jemanAM avataraNo TakAyA che te mULa graMthakArone, mArI mAnyatA zI che ne kema baMdhAI che tenuM bemAMthI ekene)-deSa kADhato nathI. mArI kahevAnI kAMIka prAthamika vivecana samajAvI dauM ke jethI mAruM matalaba e che ke, A graMthakAromAMno moTo bhAga, maMtavya keTale darajaje pramANika che tene khyAla AvI jemaNe pAzcAtya keLavaNInuM jJAna laI ApaNA prAcIna- zake. (1) (prA. bhA. 1, pR. 79) kozalanA be bhAga; bhArata vize lakhANu karyo che, eTale jemane huM uttara bhAganI rAjadhAnI zrAvasti ane dakSiNanI arvAcIna granthakAra tarIke vAraMvAra saMbodhuM chuM, te rAjadhAnI adhyA. te samayanA rAjavInuM nAma prasekeTIne che; jethI temane abhiprAya taddana pramANika jIta. A uparathI samajI zakAze ke prasenajItane hovA chatAM, khAsa karIne prAcIna bAbatamAM, ane kozalapati paNa kahevAya tema tenI rAjadhAnI zrAvasti temAM paNa jyAM sarva vastu kevaLa aMdhArAmAM ja paDI paNa kahevAya. (2) A prasenajItane kAzadezanA rAjA rahI che te viSayamAM, bahu vajanadAra gaNavAne badale sAthe ghaNI vakhata laDavuM paDayuM che. A pramANe kayAre eka bAju rAkhI mUkavA mAMguM chuM. banI zake ke, tenA rAjyanI ane kAzapatinI hada vaLI naM. 50 nA avataraNamAM lakhela che ke, bane aDoaDa AvI rahelI hoya te ja, eTale samajI kumAra kasUpa (kAzya5) ekavAra ghaNA bhikSuo zakAze ke, naM. 1mAM jene dakSiNabhAga kahyo che tenA sAthe setavya gayA. payAsI saMtavyanA rAjA hatA. upara tenuM Adhipatya hoya te ja. jethI te pradezanA kezalanA rAjA pAsenadIe Apela puSkaLa dravyane rAjA gaNIne tene adhyApati meM kahyo. A uparathI temaNe upabhoga karyo hato. teo nAstika hatA" spaSTa thaze ke tenI rAjadhAnI jema sAvathI che tema eTale ke ahIM panadIne kozalapati kahyA che ne ayodhyA paNa kahI zakAya. (3) A prasenajIta prathama vaLI pasIne khaMDiyA rAjA paNa jaNAvyo che tathA bauddha hatA te jeTaluM cokkasa che, teTaluM ja te pAchaLathI kamAra kAzyapa (buddha)thI nAstika dharmane arthAta jaina thayo te paNa cokkasa che ja. vaLI A vAtane jene jaNAve che. A pramANe TAMkela avataraNomAM zilAlekhanA ane smArakanA purAvAthI (pustakanA bane bhUpatinA adhikAra saMbaMdhI paraspara virUddha purAvA karatAM A purA vadhAre majabUta gaNAya ja) janArI mAhitI bharelI che. samarthana maLI gayuM; kemake bhArahuta tUpa janadharmanA uparAMta copana jeTalAM avataraNamAMnAM keTalAMka ghAtaka rUpa che (pR 313-15) ane temAM rAjA ajAtate (jevAM ke, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31 I) kevaLa zatru ane rAjA prasenajItanA staMbho che (prA. bhA. pR. 75 pasenadinuM nAma ja sUcavanArAM che, paraMtu tene kezala TI. 13); bIjI bAju jainagraMthomAMne rAjA pradeza sAthe zuM saMbaMdha che te temAM kayAMya jaNAtuM paNa nathI. prathama janetara hato ane tene bauddhagraMthamAM nAstika jyAre koIkamAM bibisAra, prasenajIta ane udayana tarIke saMbo che. eTale siddha thAya che ke, rAjA ema traNene buddhadevanA samakAlina lekhAvI mahAyuddha pradezI dharmAMtara karI jaina banyo, te pUrve bauddha hato. pachInI bAvIsamI, trevIsamI ane vIsamI peDhIe A pramANe prasenajIta ane pradezI bannenA jIvanathayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. kema jANe A traNe eka ja banAvo maLatA AvyA (4) bannenAM sattAsthAna, vaMzanA ane eka ja pradezanA rAjA hovA uparAMta kozala-ayodhyAnA pradezamAM che. paraMtu ka meTo ane eka pachI eka gAdIe AvyA na hoya! A pramANe ko mAne te vize prAcIna graMthakArenAM varNana uparathI Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ 333 anumAna bAMdhavuM kaThaNa thaI paDe che (pR. 301, cAra : kaliMganI aMtargata thayela gaNI tenA upara karaphaMDanI avataraNonI samIkSA jAo) kemake jene eka vakhata sattA hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A be kathanamAM phera che ke nAno jaNAve che tene bIjA sthaLe vaLI moTe kema te tapAsIe; nakazo tapAsatAM temanA maMtavyavALA "mahArAjAdhirAja paNa jaNAvI de che; eTale te muddo A pradeza, vartamAnakALe pazcima baMgAla ane bihAranI te bahu vicAraNIya nahoto. vaLI te baneno samaya sarahada upara Ave che. prAcIna samaye A pradeza paNa eka ja nIkaLe. matalaba ke, te banenAM sthAna upara keTalIka vakhata magadhanI sattA, temaja keTalIka ane samaya paNa eka ja TharyA (5) temAM vaLI nAmanI vakhata kaliMganI sattA paNa AvI jatI. keTalIka sAmyatA bhaLI. prasenajIta vizeSa nAma gaNAya che tema vakhata te pradezane prajAvasAhatanI gaNatrIe ukissAmAM heddAsUcaka paNa gaNAya che. eTale prA. bhA. pR. 79 gaNatA, jyAre rAjakIya dRSTie vaLI trikaliMganI TI. naM. 22 mAM zera mAryo che ke-"pradezI, pasAdi aMtargata samAveza paNa karI devAtA. A pramANe ane prasenajIta A traNa nAmo eka hoI zake ke avAranavAra tenI upara rAjakartAnI sattA jholAM khAyAM kema, te bhASAzAstrIono viSaya che. teo maherabAnI karatI hatI. A sarva hakIkata aMga-di-kaliga ane karI A muddA upara prakAza pADaze" eTale jo mAruM trikaliMganuM varNansa karatAM ame sArI rIte chaNI anumAna khoTuM hoya to sudhAravAnuM sthAna rahe chebatAvI che. matalaba ke te samayanI vajabhUmivALA ane te hetuthI te hakIkata TIkAmAM dAkhala karI che. pradezane vartamAna pazcima baMgALamAM kahI zakAya kharo, jyAre mAro potAno mata baMdhAyo hato te textmAM paraMtu je samayana-karakaMDu kaliMgapatine-ApaNe vicAra jAhera karyo che. karI rahyA chIe te samaye, vAstavika rIte te kaliMganI uparanA saMyogo sAthe pU. AcAryajI mahArAje aNAmAM ja hato. eTale ke baMnenI mAnyatA eka ja jaNAvelI hakIkata sarakhAvI jovAthI vAcaka pote ja kahevAze. vaLI tyAM urIya bhASA bolatI prajA vasatI khAtrI karI leze ke koNa keTale darajaje vAjabI che. hatI. A prajA saMskRtinI dRSTie pADozIe karatAM prazna (7):-vajabhUminuM sthAna. A saMbaMdhamAM utaratI gaNAtI eTale vyutpattinA artha pramANe tenuM temaNe daza pRSTha bhaya che tathA 11 pramANe TAMkIne nAma vajIbhUmi sArthaka che ema meM jaNAvyuM. A carcA karI che. jo ke temAMnA keTalAye zabdo tenA pramANe vastusthiti che. have tapAsIe ke temanI - vidvAnoe anumAnathI joDI kADhelA dekhAya che. paraMtu TIkAno zeSa bhAga keTale darajaje vAjabI che. te vidvAno prasiddha thaI gayA che, eTale temane anumAna (a) mArA zabdo A pramANe che (prA. bhA. daravAne haka gaNuya ema AcAryajI mahArAjanuM 5. 1. pR. 165, TI. 44) "zrImahAvIre dIkSA lIdhA mAnavuM thatuM lAge che. khera ! te prazna sAthe mAre atra pachI navamuM comAsuM vajabhUmimAM karyuM hatuM ane te saMbaMdha nathI eTale temaNe karela carcAne khulAsA samaye je rAjA rAja karatA hatA te zrI mahAvIranA ApavA tarapha vaLuM chuM. pitA siddhArthano mitra thato hato." A saMbaMdhamAM A vajabhUminA varNanane prasaMga, zrImahAvIre jaina "sAhitya saMzodhakanA vidvAna taMtrI muni jinadIkSA lIdhA pachI navamuM comAsuM kayAM karyuM, ane tene vijyajInA zabdo pu. 3, pR. 37ramAM nIce pramANe. kaliMgapati mahArAjA medhavAhana karakuMDunA pradeza sAthe che jene sUtromAM lakhyuM che ke bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra keTalo saMbaMdha hoI zake. tenA aMge ubhe thayo che. pite uDIAmAM gayA hatA ane tyAM tenA pitAnA temanA maMtavyane sAra e che ke, pazcima baMgALanA eka mitra rAjya karatA hatA" A uparathI samajI murzidAbAda jIlAvALA ke tenI AsapAsanA bhAgane zakAze ke je. sA. saMzodhake paNa kaliMga-uDiA vajabhUmi tarIke oLakhI zakAya. jyAre meM te pradezane tarIke mArA kathanane samarthana ja ApyuM che. jyAre Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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334] ukela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna AcAryae mArA kathanamAMthI zrI mahAvIre dIkSA lIdhI AcAryajI te mAnyatA mArI levAnuM TharAvIne TIkA pachI navamuM comAsuM vajabhUmimAM karyuM hatuM-ATaluM karavA maMDI paDavA che. bhAga rAkhI, "te rAja mahAvIranA pitAne mitra thate A traNe khulAsAthI joI zakAze ke temanI ane hato" vALo uttarArdha mUkI daI vAcakanI pAse dharyo mArI vaccenI mAnyatAmAM matabheda che ja nahIM. paraMtu che (juo pR. 186). paraMtu AkhuM vAkya utAryuM heta AkhA vAkyane vicAra karavAne badale aDadho bhAga to barAbara sthiti samAI jAta. cheDI devAthI (ka)mAM jaNAvyA pramANe, AgaLa pAchaLanA (A) vaLI prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 166, TI. 44 saMbaMdha vAMcyA ke vicAryA vinA kevaLa eka vAkatha mAMnI 60-55 lITImAMnuM kevaLa eka vAkya temaNe pakaDI levAthI (zA) mAM jaNAvyA pramANe tathA anya A pramANe mArA zabdonuM utAryuM che, "mArI mati vidvAnanuM maMtavya raju karI te upara huM TIkA karate anusAra te anArya nahIM paNa vaja, eTale sakhta ke heu tene paNa mAruM pitAnuM ja maMtavya gaNuM vakamanodazA bhogavatA manuSyovALI bhUmi evo artha levAthI (6) mAM jaNAvyA pramANe; pite mAruM kahevuM karavo joIe" tene badale AkhIe TIkA naM. 44no barAbara samajI zakyA nathI. pariNAme khoTI vyathA sAra utAryo hota te ? temAM je cha paristhitine vaherI laI vAcaka pAse bhramaNAjanaka sthiti rajI lIdhe vajIbhUmine kaliMgadezano bhAga mAre gaNa karI dIdhI che. AmAM mAro deSa zuM? pAtho che tathA jemAM ja, e bI. pI. so. pu. 2, prazna (8) -udayana vatsapati ane udAyI magadhapati. bhAga 1, pR. 13ne havAlo ApI te pradeza vajabhUmi eka samaye, traNa rAjavIo ekasamA nAmadhArI hovA chatAM, AryAvartamAM zA mATe lekhAtuM hatuM tenuM gAdIpati tarIke birAjatA hovA chatAM, temaNe ane vistArapUrvaka spaSTIkaraNa meM karI batAvyuM che te badhuM meM bannee temane siMdhu-sauvIrapati, vansapati, ane ApoApa samajI javAta. A pradezane anArya gaNA- magadhapati tarIke oLakhAvyA che eTale vAMdhA jevuM rahetuM vyA che evI tathA anya khoTI bhramaNAmAM vizeSa mATe nathI. nAmanI mArAmArImAM teo utaravA mAMge che, nIcenI ) vAcakane nAMkhavAnI AvazyaktA mAre tevI IcachI nathI. koIne kAne lagADe kekAIpaNa na raheta. mAMthI ochA kare, paNa jyAM sudhI temAMthI koInA | (E) majakara TIka naM. 44nI cha paristhitimAMnI adhikAra sUtrane AMca pahoMcatI nathI tyAM sudhI cethInuM vivecana karatAM meM zabdo lakhyA che ke "A bhAMjagaDamAM utaravAnI jarUra jaNAtI nathI. vajIbhUmino artha joke keTalAka graMthakAroe anArya paraMtu je be vAMdhA che temAMne eka, vatsapati deza tarIke karI batAvyo che, paNa mArI mati ana. ane magadhapatinA vArasadAra saMbaMdhIne ane bIje, anusAra te anAya nahIM paNa vajI, eTale sakhta ke kenuM khUna thayuM che tene. prathamanA vAMdhA bAbatamAM vaka mane dazA bhogavatA manuSyavALI bhUmi evo artha temanuM kahevuM e che ke magadhapati aSatriya ja hato karavo joIe. "A uparathI spaSTa thaze ke, te bhUmine ne aputriyo ja maraNa pAmyo che. mAruM ema kahevuM meM anArye kahI ja nathI, paraMtu keTalAka graMthakAroe che ke tene be putro hatA paNa te bane tenI haiyAtimAM ja, tene anArya kahI che ane tema karavAnAM kAraNamAM tenA balake banne putro mahAmArImAM maraNa pAmatAM, tenA khulAsA tarIke peTA TIkAmAM jaNAvyuM che ke "anArya AghAtathI pitA paNa taratamAM ja maraNa pAmyo che deza gaNIne zrAvastinI uttare himAlayanA pahADI- eTale ke traNe jaNuM ekadama TUMkA gALAmAM ja maraNuM dezane vajabhUmi kahevAto hoya evI kalpanA karI che" pAmyA che. AvI avasthAmAM tene aputriyo maraNa matalaba ke himAlayanA pahADI pradezane vajami pAmyAnuM kadAca kahI zakAze. eTale magadhapatinA maraNa gaNavAnI paNa vidvAnonI mAnyatA che, jyAre vakhate tene koI vArasadAra nahatA eTaluM bannene Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uThela carcAnA ane praznenA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] che. temAM A bhUla che, jethI mATAbhAgane virodha to samAi jAya che. paraMtu temanI kramezanI Teva mujaba mArA pustakamAMnA coDAka bhAga vAMcIne pote carcAmAM utarI paDathA lAge che. phrema prA. bhA. 1 mAM 318-9mAM " vadhu prakAza - Supplement tarIke varNana joDeluM adhA sTreTa karI batAvyA che. A pRSTA temanI Adata pramANe kAM temaNe vAMcyA ja nathI athavA / te vAMcyA chatAM paNa AMkha mIMcAmaNAM karyAM che. game te sthiti hAya. mAre tA te tarapha durlakSa ja karavuM rahe che. magadhapatine putriyA mAnavAthI upara pramANe eka rIte carcA baMdha tA thaI ja che, paraMtu tethI sthiti e thaI ke, temaNe mAnya rAkhela ekalA udAyInA jeTalA rAjatvakALa che teTalA, udAyI+anurUdda ane muMne traNene maLIne ekatra samaya, mAre mAnya che (jo ke temaNe A AMkanI carcA karI nathI) eTale pariNAme udAyInuM maraNa thatAM, zizunAgavaMza pUrA thayAnuM bannene mAnya kahI zakAze. paraMtu temaNe je AdhAre| udAyIne putriyA heAvAnA jaNAvyA che temAM evuM spaSTa ekremAM nathI karyuM ke tene prathamathI putrA ja naheAtA. jyAre meM bauddhagranyAnA AdhAre| laIne tathA anya AnuSaMgika aitihAsika prasaMgAnI carcA karIne, udAyI + ane tenA putranA sattAkALa sAbita karI batAvI ApyA. che. teTale darajje bauddhagranthAmAM darzAvAyalI te mAhitI itihAsanA sarjanane vizeSa upakAraka nIvaDelI thaI gaNuAya ja. chatAM AgaLa pAchaLa zuM zuM khanAvA magadhamAM ke vatsadezamAM ke sArAye hiMdamAM banyA hatA tathA jenI nAMdhA laine kAMIka carcA paNa meM karI che, temAMnA kASThanI leza paNa tapAsamAM utaryA sivAya temaNe ema ja jAhera karI dIdhuM che ke baugranthAnI sAlavArI dUSita e; amuka rAjA pachI gAdIe AvanAra tenA putra ja (18) jo ke, ola iMDiyA AThamI orIenTala kaoNnpharansanA pArTImAM (1938, pR. 486) putrI janmyAnuM lakhyuM che, te zA mA pramANe che "A princess was born Visavdatta, a year after the marriage to Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 331 hAya eNvA kayAM niyama che. I. I. te pUchavAnuM ke A zabdo bAhagranthAne zuM anyAya karatA nathI lAgatA ? mArUM ema nathI kahevuM ke baigranthAnuM sarve thana hamezAM satya ja hAya che; temAM amizrita satya paNa hAya, sApekSa paNa heAya, para'tu te sarvAM tapAsavuM joie. ema te, temaNe je granthAnAM vacana mAnya rAkhela che temAMthI paNa kayAM asatya kathana nathI maLI AvatAM. rAjA udAyIne putrA hatA ke nahAtA e prazna upara vadhAre prakAza pADI, bAhagranthanuM kathana asatya TharAvavA temane mArI vinaMti che; ke je uparathI te pramANe navI AvRttimAM huM sudhArA karI za vatsapati udayanane putra heAvAnuM temaNe jaNAvyuM che. jyAre meM aputriyA jAhera karyo che kemake tene potAne putra na heAvAthI, tenI rANI vAsavadattAe eka khaLakane dattaka lIdhA che, je tenI pAchaLa vatsapati thayeA che. vaLI A putranuM dattakavidhAna udayananA jIvana kALamAM ja thaI gayuM che ane dattakaputrane paNa ekarIte teA putra ja lekhA rahe che te hisAbe, mArA vAMdhA khecI levAya tevA banI jAya che. tevI ja rIte temaNe vAsavadattAne kheAdhikumAra nAme je putra, lagna thayA khAda khIje varSe janmyAnuM18 jaNAvyuM che te ja putra moTA thaIne gAdIe AvyA che ke kema ? athavA temaNe anya purAvAmAM je naravAhana, vahinara I. I. nAmeA jaNAvyAM che, te kheAdhikumAranAM ja nAma che, ke meM jaNAvela dattakaputranuM paNa nAma che, te jyAMsudhI teozrI puravAra na karI Ape tyAM sudhI temanA kathananI pazu majabUtAI jaLavAI rahetI nathI. ane kayA udayananuM khUna thayuM hatuM te praznanuM chevaTa, A kathana upara ja, avalaMbAyamAna che. khUna saMbaMdhamAM--pustakanA AdhAra magadhapatinuM khuna thayAnI tarapheNa kare che. tenI meM noMdha pazu lIdhI thayA bAda bIje varSe vAsavadattAne eka kuMvarI avatarI hatI." putra heca ke putrI, tenI ahIM takarAra ja kayAM che. je prazna ukela mAMge che te eTaleA ja ke, tenA maraNa samaye kAI jIvata hatuM ke nahIM. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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336 ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna che. teozrI A matane vaLagI rahe che. paraMtu pustakanA kAraNathI mAnavuM rahe che ke, khUnathI mAryo gayela purAvAvALI te hakIkata najaramAM rAkhIne paNa vicArI udayana te magadhapati nahIM, paNa vatsapati udayanaja hata" jotAM mane jyAre anya aitihAsika sAmagrI vizeSa zAM kAraNethI udayane vasaMpatinuM khUna thayAnuM che vajanadAra lAgI, tyAre huM te bAju DhaLato thayo chuM. mAnI rahyo chuM te A uparathI spaSTa thaze. vaLI sAmagrI upalabdha thatAM, ubhA thatA vAMdhAo meM TAMkela zabdo kahe che ke, caMDapradyota ane udayananA rajI paNa karyA che, temAMnA ghaNAkharAne nIkAla uparamAM jIvanaprasaMge upara najara rAkhIne ja ma vidhAna karyuM AvI gayo che. bAkI rahelamAMnA AkhA vAkayane, te che. paraMtu te bAda to banne rAjya vacce pAchI aDadho bhAga pakaDIne je radiyo Apyo che te te meM mitrAcArI jevuM paNa thaI thayuM che ane tethI vairapaNa jAhera karela che. paraMtu je aDadhe bhAga cheDI vRttino abhAva paNa thaI gayo gaNAya. chatAM evI ghaNI dIdhuM che tenuM zuM? bAbate pustakanAM pAne noMdhAyA vinA ja paDI rahI temaNe game te kAraNathI javAba vALavAnuM choDI hoya che. temaja rAjyo vacce kharI rIte "maitrI' zabdanI dIdhuM hoya paNa satya nirIkSaka tarIke ApaNe te, kiMmata kevI gaNAya che te paNa jANItuM ja che. eTale temanA khulAsAnI gerahAjarImAM paNa, te muddo majabUta purAvA vinA huM mAro mata pheravavA taiyAra na vicAra ja rahe che. te muddAnI zabdo ( juo pu. 1, hou te dekhItuM ja che. ane AcArya mahArAje te pR. 307) A pramANe che. bAbata mULathI ja uDAvI dIdhI che. te pachI zuM "jyAre te (pele apamAnIta purUSa ke jeNe rAjAnuM karavuM? vicAratAM eka rasto jaDI AvyA. jema khUna karyuM che te) vaira levAnuM pagaluM bharavA prerAya che azoka ane priyadarzina, temaja caMdragupta ane seane avanirA te bhAvanAne poSI che, tyAre zuM keTasanI bAbatamAM samayAvalInI madadathI gUMca avaMti rAjyane, vatsanA rAjyanI sAthe aMTasa hovA ukelAI hatI. tema atra bane tevuM che ke kema tenI saMbhava che ke magadhanA rAjya sAthe ?" A pramANe tapAsa karavA mAMDI; ne kahetAM khuzI upaje che ke tene meM prazna upasthita karyo che ne teno khulAso karatAM ukela nIkaLI Avyo che ane temAM AcAryazrInA umeryuM che ke, "jyAM sudhI itihAsa sAkSI Ape che matane svIkArate huM thAuM chuM. te nIce pramANe che. tyAM sudhI te A samaye magadha ane avaMti vacce caMDapradyota ane udayananA jIvana kALamAM game bhale maitrI jevuM na hoya, paNa kaleza jevuM kAMI hoya, tevA banAvo banyA hoya te upara ja kevaLa lakSa ApyA tevuM te lezamAtra paNa jaNAtuM nathI. ulaTuM avaMti karyuM che tene badale. khUna je banyuM che. ane vatsa vacce te khaDAbAkha cAlyA ja karatuM aMtakALano banAva che eTale te vakhate, te be rAjya hatuM te tadana dekhItuM che. kemake udayananI mAtA vacce kevI sthiti pravartatI rahI hatI te ja mAtra jovuM mRgAvatI upara avaMtipati caMDapradyote kuDI najara joIe. udayana vasaMpatinuM maraNa meM I. sa. pU. rAkhI hatI ane aneka vItaka vItADayAM hatAM, ke 490mAM mAnyuM che (pu. 1, pR. 392) te vakhate athavA jenA pratikAra tarIke rAjA udayane paNa caMDanI putrI te pUrve be pAMcavarSamAM avatinI zuM sthiti hatI te vAsavadattAnuM haraNa karyuM hatuM...eTale jyAre kicita ja kevaLa vIcAravI rahe. te vakhatanA avaMtipati tarIke paNa kAraNa maLI AvatuM tyAre A be rAjyamAMnuM avaMtisenane (pu. 1, pR. 393) samaya I. sa. pU. koI paNa eka bIjAnI sAme pitAnuM baLa ajamA- 501thI 487 nAMkhe che; ane A be rAjavI vacce vavAne bhUlI jAya tevuM banatuM nahotuM ja. jethI saMbhava kAMI ja aNabanAva nathI. balake vatsapatinI paTarANI che ke A kissAmAM paNa, vatsanA darabAramAM apamAna vAsavadattA, avaMtisenanI phAI thatI hatI ane eka pAmelA nokare avaMtine Azraya lIdho hoya... A bIja arasaparasa sAre ekhalAsa dharAvatA mAlama

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] paDayA che eTale te kAraNu naSTa thaI gayuM. khIjuM eka kAraNu vicAravA yeAgya lAgyuM te (pu. 1, pR. 216) e ke vAsavadattAe avaMtisenane badale kAI ajANyA kumArane dattakaputra lIdhA hatA. tenA karatAM vatsanI gAdI upara, teNInA bhAInA putra tarIke pAtAne hakka vadhAre che ema atisena mAnatA haMtA ane tethI teNe vatsa upara caDAI karI hAya. A sthiti khUnanA prasaMga sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvI zake ke kema te pazu tapAsI levuM ja rahe. prathama te A caDAI udayananA maraNu bAdanI ane dattakaputra maNiprabha gAdIe beThA pachI traNeka varSa thaI che eTale khUna sAthe saMbaMdha ha|I na zake. tyAre prazna e thAya che ke, udayane A maNiprabhane dattaka lIdhA tyAre avaMtisenane khATuM lAgyuM. hAya ane tyArathI tenA upara vaira thayuM hAyA ? tema paNa anavAyAgya nathI lAgatuM, kAraNa ke maNiprabhanA janma I. sa. pU.Azare 505 mAM thayA che te ekAda be varSamAM dattaka paNa levAi gayA che, ke je samaye atisenano hakka avaMtinI gatnI upara lagabhaga svIkArAi paNa gayA hatA. kemake atisenanA kAkAnA rAjyanA lagabhaga AkharI samaya hatA; vaLI kAkAne putra na heAMvAthI te ja vArasadAra hatA. eTale jyAre pAte avaMti jevA moTA rAjyanA svAmI anavAnA hAya, tyAre vatsa jevA nAnA rAjyane svAmI banavAnuM pasaMda na kare te dekhItuM ja che. eTale tene khATuM lAgavAne prasaMga banyA ja na kahevAya. A pramANe dareka prasaMganA vicAra karatAM ati ane vatsa vacce i. sa. pU. 490mAM ke te pUrve, e traNa varSanA gALAmAM, kAMI jhagaDe hAvA jevuM lAgatuM nathI. eTale vatsapatinuM khUna thayAnuM mAnyuM hatuM te cheADI devuM ja rahyuM. ane vatsapatinuM khUna jyAre nathI thayuM tyAre magadhatinuM ja khUna thayuM hatuM ema cAkkasa thayuM gaNAya. prazna (9)-sAMcImAM dAna ApanAra kANu ? caMdragupta mauryasamrATe sAMcIstUpanA ghumaTanI pharatI gavAkSamAM aneka dIpake| pragaTAvavA pacIsa hajAra dinAranI bheTa ApyAnuM, sara kaniMgahAme racelA 43 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 337 bhilsA TApsanA AdhAre meM jAhera karyuM che. jyAre AcArya jIe, guptavaMzIya caMdragupta khIjAnA vakhatamAM tenA anujIvI AtrakA ve eka dipaka pragaTAvavA 25 thI 100 (bhinna bhinna ukela karAyA che) dinAra ApyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. ATalI hakIkata uparaTapake jotAM paNa sarvakAI kahI zake tema che ke, anne dAnanI vigate judI heAvAthI, judA ja prasaMgAnI vAta banne jaNAe kahI che. chatAM vAcaka pAse tenI saMpUrNa vigata raju karUM chuM.(1) sAMcI TApa, jene "mahAvihAra' nAmathI AmrakAI ve oLakhAvyA che tene mArI samaja pramANe sara kaniMgahAme 'greTa TApa' 1. 1 kahyo che, tene dAna ApanAra vyaktinAM ane Azaya darzAvatAM lagabhaga 123 lekhA che (juo bhilmsATApsamAM pleTasa na. 16-17 ane 18) eTale AcAyajIe kAi anya dAnane lakSamAM rAkhIne prazna upasthita karyAM lAge che. (2) AmrakAve pAtAnI zakti pramANe eka dIpakanuM ja kharca upADavA jeTalI bhakti khatAvI che jyAre samrATa caMdragupte stUpa karatI AkhIe gavAkSamAM sekaDA dIpaka hatA te sarvanuM kharca upADI lIdhuM che (3) jethI eka mAtra 25-10 dinAra dAnamAM ApyA che jyAre khIjAe tenA karatAM pAMcasA dhaNuM vadhAre dAna ApyuM che. (4) ekanA samaya gupta saM. 9Ta=I. sa. 413 che jyAre khIjAnA I. saM. pU. 365 jeTalA che. matalaba ke banne vacce lagabhaga AThasa varSanuM aMtara che (5) ekanA lekhanuM sthAna kaMpAunDane pharatI dIvAla upara che, bIjAnuM sthAna te dIvAla upara nathI. (6) ekamAM dAna ApanAra guptavaMzIya samrATane Azrita che khIjAmAM khuda samrATa pAte che. A pramANe ane dAnanI ane lekhanI bhinnatA haiAvA chatAM, bannene eka lekhI vAtA karavI te zI rIte maLatI Ave; na ja Ave. chatAM carcA khAtara eka khAragI mAnI lyA ke, banne eka ja lekha che. teA paNa mULa muddo 'sAMcITApa' jainadharmanA dyotaka rUpa hAvAnA je huM jaNAvI rahyo chuM ane tethI ja caMdragupta samrATe te sthAna mATe dAna ApyAnuM jaNAvyuM che, te hakIkatane kayAM khAda Ave che ? www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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338 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna guptavaMzIya samrATa jainetaradhama hatuM tethI temane anu- khulAse pu. 3 nI prastAvanAmAM pR.13 mAM Apela jIvI paNa jainetara hato ema te AcAryajInuM kahevuM che ke, "geTanI mUrti mULe digaMbara avasthAmAM che. nathI ne? tema hoya te jaNAvavAnuM ke, lekhanA te raju karavA mATe bleka banAvanArane ApatAM prAraMbhane "vikrama" zabda ja khAtrI Ape che ke te- temaNe sUcanA karI ke, pustaka te strIvarganA hAthamAM dAna ApanAra temaja dAna ApyAnuM sthAna-bane paNa javAnuM che te sabhyatAnI khAtara purUSaliMganuM janadharmI che. A pramANe temaNe pUchelA praznane khulAse AchAdana karAyate sArUM. te vicAra susaMgata lAgatAM thayo. nidha-anne eka bIjI sthiti khAsa dhyAna anya cinho jemane tema rahevA daI bleka banAvI kheMcavA lAyaka samaju chuM; tethI jarAka IsAro karavA chApI kAryo che. chatAM eka vidvAnane te akSamya icchA thaI che. sAruM thayuM che ke upara darzAvela hakIkata lAgavAthI temanA upara vyaktigata meM patra lakhIne sara kanigahAma jevA vidvAnanA nAmathI meM jAhera karI temane saMtoSa Ape che." dhAre ke temaNe kalpanA karI che. paraMtu tenA pratiSThita purUSanuM ke anya koI vidyA- che tevo viparyAsa karavAne ja mAro IrAde hota to nanuM nAma joDAyeluM na hatuM, ane kevaLa mArA nAme ja zuM bIjI badhI rIte te mUrtinuM svarUpa pheravI na nAMkhata! me uparokta abhiprAya raju karyo hota te AcAryajI athavA to teja mUrti pAchI naM. 34 nI AkRti mahArAje je zabdomAM kAma lIdhuM che, te ja zabdo digaMbara tarIke raju karI che te pramANe raju karata ke ? zuM temanI kalamamAMthI nIkaLyA hota ke? temaja upara lakhyA pramANe te vidvAnane patra lakhata paNa prazna (10): bAhubaLI-gomaTezvaranI mUrti. kharo? A uparathI jaNAze ke zuddha hetuthI ja pagaluM A saMbaMdhamAM temane traNeka vAMdhA che (1) mUrtinuM bharAyuM che. (2) temaNe mUrti bAhubaLInI hovAnuM puruSaliMga meM AcchAdita zAmATe karyuM ? (2) sarva koI jaNAvyuM che ane moTA bhAganI mAnyatA paNa temaja te mUrtine bAhubaLIjInI mAne che jyAre huM tene che. temaNe pu. 2, 5, 378mAM lakhela mArA kare bhadrabAhusvAmInI kahI rahyo chuM (3) ane tene samaya utAryo che ke te mUrti priyadarzine banAvyAnuM huM mAnI teozrI I. sa. nA dazamA saikAne kahe che jyAre huM rahyo chuM tema paNa jANe che. tema te mUrtine caMdragupta tene priyadarzina samrATa ghaDAvelI ane tethI I. sa. samrATanA jIvana sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che ema paNa pU. trIjI sadInI kahuM chuM.' jANe che chatAM lakhI rahyA che ke "e mATe eka A darekanA khulAsA nIce pramANe ApuM chuM. paNa purAvo temanI pAse haiyAta nathI." teozrIne (1) AcchAdana saMbaMdhI temaNe A mUrtinuM citra vinaMti ke temaNe mAruM lakheluM A banne samrATenuM 1934 nA mArcanA "eziyA" mAsika pR. 153 mAM jIvanacaritra maherabAnI karI vAMcI javuM. vaLI AveluM jaNAvyuM che. spaSTa nathI lakhyuM ke prathamavAra potAnI mAnyatA puravAra karavAne pR. 229 upara te sthAne pragaTa thayeluM temanI najare paDayuM che. lakhe che ke "e mUrti upara je vele vIMTAyela che, paranta lakhavAno bhAvArtha e to thAya che ja ke, matinA DhIMcaNa sudhI rAphaDAo ubhA che ane temAMthI kAM te te samaye athavA bahu te thoDAka samaya sApa nIkaLatA jaNAya che e badhAne mUrti sAthe zA pUrve ja tevuM kema jANe bahAra paDayuM na hoya ! saMbaMdha che? bhadrabAhunI mUrti mAnatAM e badhAne game te hoya, mAre jaNAvavAnuM ke digaMbara avasthAmAM koI khulAse DokaTara pAse che?" -uttaramAM mAre tevuM citra te jyArathI epigrAphoyA InDikA pu. 7-8 jaNAvavAnuM ke zuM temanuM ema kahevuM thAya che ke bahAra paDayuM che tyArathI ja tevuM lagabhaga dekhAya che. AvI sthiti koI paNa dhyAnastha mahAmAnI na thaI eTale temaNe darzAvela vastu mArA khyAla bahAra nathI zake? dhyAnastha mudrA kevaLa bAhubaLIjI ja dhAraNa ja chatAMye je AchAdana karyuM che te, sahetuka che. te karI zake ne bIjA na ja dhArI zake?--AgaLa jatAM

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ 339 bAhubaLIjInA jIvanamAM banela eka banAva varNana maLI zakI nathI. ATale khulAse te mUrti bAhuvIne, citramAM darzAvela sthiti je thavA pAmI hatI baLIjInI ke bhadrabAhunI hoI zake te vize jANo. tenuM varNana karI ne aMte jaNAve che ke "A rIte (3) have ghaDatarakALa vize kahIzuM. cAmuMDarAya nAmanA e mUrti uparanA badhA dekhAvone sabaMdha mani bAha- pradhAne I. sa. 978thI 84 sudhImAM pratiSThA karI che balinA jIvana sAthe barAbara baMdha bese che eTale teTaluM kharuM. paraMtu tethI te mUrti ja teNe ghaDAvI hatI e mUrti muni bAhubalinI ja che, nahIM ke bhadrabAhunI" ema siddha nathI thatuM. je te samaye ke AsapAsa -i. I. je pramANe pite AvA nirNaya upara Ave pAMcapaMdara varSe ghaDAI hoya te, pu. ramAM pR. 376mAM che te rIte bIjA akhatyAra kare che to te temane nIcenA traNa prazna meM pUchayA che tenA khulAsA zuM che te catuM nathI ja ane ulaTI TIkA karavA maMDI paDe che. maherabAnI karI jaNAve. (a) jo te dezamAM tevA kArIgara chatAM mAre to te bAbata vAMdhe ja nathI paraMtu uttaramAM hatA te zuM tyAM ja tevA utpanna thayA hatA ke hiMdamAM prathama to dhyAna avasthAnA be muddAo je meM uparamAM anya sthAne temanA guru ke ziSya jevA paNa hatA. jaNAvyA che te karI karIne vicAra upara levA temane (A) je te samaye tevI kaLAthI kArIgaro jJAta hatA vinaMti karIza. uparAMtamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, bAhubaLI. te bhAratanA anya dezamAM paNa tevI mUrtio ubhI ine AkhAye jIvanakALa mArI samaja pramANe paMjAba- te karAya ne? kemake kaLAnA A namUnAnI jagatagAMdhAra ane bahu tyAre prathamAvasthAmAM ayodhyAnA bharamAM jyAre khyAtI thAya tyAre zuM bhAratanA prAMte pradezamAM gayo che. te teozrI jaNAvavA kapA karaze tevI kaLAmaya mUrtio pitAne tyAM vasAvI levAne ke bAhubaLI kayAre dakSiNahiMdamAM vicaryA hatA? pAchaLa rahI jAya kharA ke pachI game te vyaktinI temane mUrtimaMta khaDA karavAne A pradezamAM zuM prayojana hoya te judo prazna che) (I) mUrtinuM ghaDatara ane udabhavyuM hatuM? te tIrthamAM caMdragupta ane bhadrabAhanI ghaDanArAnI vAta judI rAkhe. paraMtu evI kadAvara guphA tarIke oLakhAtI. guphA che paraMtu bAhubaLIjInA ane vajanadAra mUrtinI sthApanA mATe je yAMtrika nAma sAthe saMyukta thayela kaI vastu oLakhAvAtI kuneha vAparavI paDI haze. tevI kuneha te samaye kayAMyanathI tenuM zuM kAraNa? vaLI vizeSamAM hamaNAM hamaNAM hiMdanA bhAgamAM-vAparI hovAno keAI daSTAMta ke ullekha bihAranI "ArAha orIenTala sosAiTI' tarakathI itihAsamAMthI maLI Ave che ke ? bahAra paDatA "jaina siddhAMta bhASkara'mAM pu. 6 ane A pramANe temaNe ubhA karela traNe praznonA 7 tathA "jaina enTIkarI' pu. 5 mAM gomaTezvara-bAha- khulAsA che. ane tenA pratyuttara jo na ja vALI baLI ane zravaNabelagolane lagatuM ghaNuM sAhitya zakAya te svayaMsiddha thaI gayuM ke mArAM darela anujudA judA vidvAnoe anekavidha dRSTibiMduthI lakhyuM mAne sAcAM che. mi. rAIsa nAmanA vidvAna je che temAMthI paNa evo dhvani nIkaLe che ke bAhubaLI maisura ane karNATaka prAMtanA saMzodhanamAM agrasthAne zabda TheTha 1180 i. sa. sudhI jaNAvavAmAM ja Avyo Ave che, ne A mUrtine abhyAsa jeTale bArIkIthI nathI. tema jUnAmAM jUne je lekha zaka parano teNe karyo che teTalo bhAgye ja anya vidvAne karyo tyAre gaNAya che temAM bhadrabAhu zabda spaSTapaNe haze, te paNa pitAno abhiprAya vyakta karatAM vade che ke lakhela che. vaLI gomaTezvara ke gamaTa zabdane artha "that these inscriptions are undoubtbAhubaLIjI zI rIte besAravAmAM Avyo che te saMbaMdhI edly of the period when that work paNa patto lAgato nathI. A sthiti che. matalabake je was complete (E. I. VII, p. 108)=jyAre saMpradAyanuM A tIrtha vizeSapaNe manAyuM che te matanA tekAma(pratiSThA) saMpUrNa thayuM tyAra pahelAMnA A zilAvidvAne paNa saMzodhana karatAM haju barAbara mAhitI le che. matalaba ke mUrtinI pratiSThA thaI te pUrvenA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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340 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna zilAlekhe che. have vicAre ke cAmuMDarAye pratiSThA 147 sudhIne lekha) AcAryajI mahArAje eka vAta karI te samayanA lekho Tharyo ke te pUrvenA; ane lakhI che ke (juo pR. 230) "DokaTara sAhebe e lekha pUrvenA TharyA che, je mUrti upara te ketarAyA te mUrti bAbata bIjI eka hasavA jevI kalpanA karI mUtine samaya kayo? vaLI jemsa pharagyusana che ke mUrti upara lekha te pAchaLathI lakhAyela che nAmanA vidvAne pitAnA hisTarI opha InDiyana enDa ane mUrti te rAjA priyadarzine banAvelI che. temanI IsTarna ArakaTekacara nAme pustakanA bIjA bhAgamAM A ka5nA sarvathA asaMgata che, kAraNa ke te mATe laMDana. 1910) pR.48 thI 55mAM pracaMDakAya mUrtio temanI pAse eka paNuM pramANa ke purA nathI" A vize carcA karIne jaNAvyuM che ke, "Anterior to TIkAne javAba temane mI. rAIsanA ane mI. pharagyu. any of the collossi at Gwalior or sana ItyAdinA uparanA zabdomAM maLI jAya che ke kema, in the south of India=gvAliyara ke dakSiNa te teozrIja tapAsI leze. vaLI A praznanA have hiMdanI je koI pracaMDakAya mUrtio che te samAM pachInA bhAgamAM darzAvelI bInAthI paNa khAtrI karI prAcInatama (bhaMgaDha=alavara rAjyavALA) A mUrti che." leze. A uparAMta mUrti upara lekhe pAchaLathI ketaalabatta AmAM dakSiNa hiMdanI mUrtino samaya nathI rAyAnI vigata upara pote mazkarI karatA hoya tema jaNAvatA. paraMtu eTaluM te kahe che ja ke bhagaDhanI jaNAve che ke-"vaLI, bIjuM e ke temanI e havAI pracaMDakAya mUrti jUnAmAM jUnI che. kahevAnuM tAtparya kalpanAne svIkAravAmAM Ave te atyAre jeTalI e che ke, cAmuMDarAye mUrti prasiddhimAM AvyuM che te mUrtio che te badhIya mahAbhAratanI prAcInatA karatA pUrvanI paNa ghaNI pracaMDakAya mUrtio che. eTale ke vadhAre prAcIna kahI zakAya kAraNake DokaTara sAhebanI AvA ghaDatarakAmanI kaLA te ghaNu ghaNu kALe hatI kalpanA pramANe te dareka mUrti upara le che te badhA te pachI ja adazya thaI gaI hatI. je suratamAM ja pachI ja lakhAyA che." AvA temanA zabdo upara te kaLAne nAza thayo hota te te hiMdabharamAM tevI kAMIpaNa nukatecInI karavA jarUriyAta rahe che kharI? paNI najare paDatA ja. uparAMta cAmuMDarAye pratiSThA karelI matalabake, zravaNabelagela tIthanI-gomaTezvaranI mUrtinA samaya vize paNa matabheda che. bAhubaLI caritra mUrtinAM nAma, kartA, pratiSThAne samaya, ghaDatarakAma nAme pustakanA 64mA zlokamAM "kalaya" zabda che vigere sarva hakIkata haju nirNayapUrvaka bahAra paDI tene " kalyakhade" vikalpa karIne, jotiSazAstranI hoya ema manAtuM nathI ja. madadathI zrIyuta zrIkaMTha zAstrI ema. e. nAmanA lekhake ATalA nivedanathI khAtrI thaze ke temaNe raju ema puravAra karI batAvyuM che ke (je. e. pu. 5, karela sarve muddA nabaLA che; temaja rojabaroja thayela pR. 114 )" "It is highly probable that saMzAdhanathI ajJAta rahIne temaNe carcA karela che. the image of Sri Gomatesvar was mUrtinI uMcAIne prazna paNuM temaNe carcA che, installed in 907-8 A. C.=vizeSa saMbhava te temanuM maMtavya (juo pR. 230) ema che ke "pAMcase e che ke, zrI gomaTezvaranI mUrtinI pratiSThA lagabhaga vAMbha uMcAIvALA bAhubaLI muninI mUrti 57 phITa I. sa. 97-8mAM thaI hatI" kahe kayAM cAmuMDarAyanA ucI hoya te barAbara ucita che, paNa pAMca ke chA nAme I. sa. 978mAM pratiSThA thayAno meLa ! are hAtha uMcAIvALA zrI bhadrabAhu svAmInI mUrti ATalI khuda cAmuMDarAya purANamAM ane temanA gurUzrI nemi, uMcI na ghaTI zake." A avataraNamAMnA niyama vizenI caMdrAcArye racela pustaka uparathI paNa keTalIye zaMkA carcA mulatavI rAkhI, temAMnA zabdonI asaMgatatA ubhI thatI mAlUma paDI che. (juo che. ke. jI. vize prathama kahI dauM. temaNe lakhela zabda ema kaMdanakara ema. e. ne je. e. pu. 5, pR. 144thI jAhera kare che ke, bhadrabAhu svAmInI uMcAI pAMca ke

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bhAratavaSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 341 cha hAtha hatI. chatAM temaNe A pArigrAphanI AdimAM 26 thI 35 gaNuM ane 1 jeTaluM thayuM. eTale ke zilpaema lakhyuM che ke "vaLI je mUrti bAbata DokaTara kAre mULa zarIra karatAM lagabhaga trIsagaNu nAnI mUrti sAheba pitAnI kalpanA deDAve che te mUrtinI uMcAI banAvI che. have A gomaTezvaranA pAdapITha pAse ubhI lagabhaga 57 phUTa che. mUrtinI ucAI jenI te mUrti rAkhela manuSyAkRtinI uMcAI vize vicAra karIe. je che tenI anurUpa ja heya e zipazAstrane niyama pramANe mUrtine pheTogrApha levAya che te rIte jotAM, che. pAMca phuTa uMcA mANasanI mUrti pacIsa ke pacAsa mULa mUrtithI lagabhaga chaThThA bhAganI uMcAI te manuSyanI kaTa uMcI na banAvI zakAya che." ane vicAra temanA che. eTale ke Azare 9 thI 10 phITa te manuSyanI ja che ane prastuta A bane mUrtine anulakSIne ja UMcAI kahevAya. AcAryajI mahArAja A mANasa vize che te nirvivAda che. Azcarya nathI lAgatuM ke pitAnA zuM khulAso kare che? pratiSThA karAvanAra cAmuMDarAyanA vAkayanI AdivALA bhAgamAM bhadrabAhunI kAyA pAMca samayano zuM tene lekhave che ke anyathA ? je cAmuMDaphITa hovAnuM jaNAve che tyAre te ja bhadrabAhu svA- rAyanA samayane gaNe che, temanA ja kathanathI sthApita monI kAyAne aMtavALA bhAgamAM pAMca ke cha hAtha karela uparanA siddhAMta pramANe, 10 phITanI AkRtijeTalI jaNAve che. zuM kUTa ne hAtha eka sarakhA ja vALA manuSyanuM mULa zarIra Azare 300 thI 350 hevAnuM temanuM kahevuM thAya che? temanI je mAnyatA phITanuM kahevAze. A pramANe cAmuMDarAyanA samaye kAyahoya te bhale, paraMtu sAmAnya rIte samajI zakAya che ke sthiti hovAnuM temane zuM kabUla che? kabUla kare te te kadIkALe manuSyathI hastaSa ke zaratacUka na thavI joIe hAsyAspada lAge che kemake te pramANe kaI purAvo evA siddhAMtavAdIthI to AvuM na ja thavuM joIe. nathI; ane nAkabUla hoya te temaNe raju karela game tema thayuM hoya, ApaNe te sAthe bahu nirabata mAnyatA kAMte khoTI athavA zilpazAstra khoTuM Thare che ? nathI. have temaNe dorelA niyamanI vicAraNA karIe. athavA manuSyAkRtine kAlpanika TharAve che te vinA temanA kahevAno tAtparya e che ke maLa zarIrane prajane AvuM dhatIMga dAkhala karavA mATe temanA mate anurUpa hoya te pramANamAM ja tenI mUrti banAvAya. zilpakAra mUrkha Thare che, ane ema kahe ke te samayanA pAMcaso vAMbhanI kAyAvALAnI mUrti 57 phITa hAya manuSyonI UMcAI te atyAranA jeTalI ja lagabhaga te anurUpa gaNAya. paraMtu pAMca cha hAtha vALAnI mUrti hatI, paraMtu zilpakAre kaI agamya kAraNane lIdhe pa7 phITa jeTalI uMcI na hoya ema teo mAne che; moTI chetarI nAMkhI haze. teye zilpakArane mAthe athavA bIjA zabdomAM teno anuvAda karIe te, pAche tene te ja doSa AvIne Ubhe rahe che; athavA mULa zarIra karatAM tenI mUrti nAnA kadamAM karAya te, AcAryajI mahArAjanuM je ema mAnavuM thayuM che ke paraMtu meTA kadamAM na ja karAya. vaLI A gomaTezvaranI mULa zarIra karatAM tenI mUrti haMmezAM nAnI ja hevI mUrti vize sarva keIe ema mata darzAvyo che ke, joie te mAnyatA khoTI Thare che. A ATha nava tenAM sarve aMgopAMga pramANa purassara gaNitanA niyame jAtanI sthitimAMthI AcAryajI mahArAjane kaI kapala banAvela hevAthI ghaNI AkarSaka ane benamuna banI che te pote ja jaNAvaze. che. je bAhubaLIjInI mUrti hovAnuM svIkArIe te, bAkI saMzodhakone anumAna karavAno jema haka temanI kAyA pAMcase vAMbha-dhanuSyanI hAine ( eka hoya che tema mane paNa jo AcAryajI mahArAja ApatA dhanuSya-vAMbhanuM mApa keTalAkanI gaNatrIthI 3 phITa ne heya te jaNAvavAnuM ke, te AkhIye mUrti samrATa keTalAkanI gaNatrIthI 4 phITanI lekhAya che te hiMsAbe) priyadarzinanA samaye ja kotarAvelI dekhAya che, kemake 1500-2000 phITa uMcAInI kahevAya; ane mUrti 57 tenI sajAvaTa temaja banAvaTa karanAra (bhadrabAhunI temaja phITanI che. eTale mULa zarIra ane mUrtinuM pramANu pAse rahela manuSyanI) kuzaLa kArIgaro te samaye

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342 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna hatA ja. je hakIkata teNeja ubhA karAvela aneka ubho karI rakhA heya. (1) ekate emane ema staMbhothI tathA sAranAtha pIlarathI sAbita thaI jAya ubho rAkhIne paNa ghaDAya ane (2) tene jamIna upara che. vaLI tenA samaye manuSyanI je sAmAnya uMcAI hatI pADIne prathama ghaDI levAya ane pachI ubho karAya. te darzAvavA mATe jIvaMta kadanI (Life-size) AkRti bIjI sthiti saMbhavita nathI kemake jamIna upara UbhI karAvI che. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke AcAryajI lAMbA pADela patthara upara surekha ghaDatara karavuM muzkela mahArAje jema maMtavya raju karyuM che tema, pAMca cha hAthanI che; jo ke te muzkelI paNa bahu bhAre na hovAthI ane uMcAI te kALe manuSyanI hatI ja. jenA purAvAmAM kArigara kuzaLa hovAthI pAra to utArI zakAya. paraMtu kahevAnuM ke bhagavAna mahAvIranI kAyA, sAtahAtha hovAnuM tevaDA moTA pattharane pAcho ubhA karavA jeTaluM kauzalya jaina zAstramAM prasiddha che. zrI mahAvIra ane bhadrabAhu ke kaLA kayAMthI lAvavI? tenA karatAM to patthara ubhe svAmI vaccenuM aMtara 150 varSanuM che eTale banenI rAkhIne ghaDI kADhavo teja vizeSa sugama kahevAya; bhale UMcAI lagabhaga ekaja sarakhI hoya athavA bahu jarA kharca vadhAre paDe paraMtu tene upAya te sahela bahu te bhadrabAhunI UMcAI saheja nAnI hoya. eTale che. eTale A bIjI sthitimAM samAyelI sarva sAbita thaI gayuM kahevAze ke te staMbhalekha I. badhI muzkelIono vicAra karatAM, prathama sthiti pramANe jakatio, jema priyadarzinanI che tema A kacaDakAya pattharane ubho rAkhIne ja-kAma karAyuM hovAnuM mAnavuM mUrtio paNa tenI ja banAvaTanI che. tema manuSyanI rahe che. pachI savAla e rahe che ke jo priyadarzine kAyA paNa te samaye lagabhaga pAMca cha hAthanI hatI. te patthara ghaDAvyuM hatuM, te pitAnI ja haiyAtimAM kAM temaja je sthAne A murti ubhI karavAmAM AvI che tenI pratiSThA na karAvI ? athavA te emane ema ubhI tene AkhAye itihAsa zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI sAthe rakhAI hatI te tevaDI moTI mUrti, lagabhaga hajAra saMkaLAyela hovAthI te mUrti paNa temanI ja che. uparAMta bAraso varSa sudhI kAM koInI najare paDyA vinA ja rahI priyadarzane jema potAnAM sagAMvahAlAMnAM mayusthAne gaI ? te pachI TheTha I. sa. nI dasamI sadImAM cAmuMDahiMda bharamAM nAnA khaDakele (mAInora roka eDI. rAye tenI pratiSThA karAvI. uttara e che ke, priyadarzine kaTasa) ubhA karAvyA hovAnuM ApaNe sAbita karI anya pradezamAM pracaMDakAyI mUrtio ane staMbhalekhe gayA chIe (jIo pu. 2 mAM tenuM vRttAMta) tema A ubhAM karAvIne emane ema bhaviSyanI olAda mATe zravaNa belagola tIryanA caMdragiri pahADa upara pitAnI jema mUkI rAkhyA che, tema A mUrtine paNa rAkhI prapitAmaha caMdraguptanuM tathA temanA gurUvarya zrIbhadrabAhu mUkI haze ane pratiSThA karAvavAnI upayogitA nahIM svAmInuM svargagamana thayela hovAthI samrATa priyadarzine lAgI hoya; kadAca karAvI heya, chatAM jema tenA tevAja khaDakale (siddhAgiri-brahmagirinA) ubhA jIvananA keTalAya banAva aNanAMkhyA rahI gayA che karAvyAnuM samajavuM. eTale ADakatarI rIte ane tema A vize paNa banyuM hoya. game te saMjogo arasparasanA purAvAthI sAbita thaI gayuM kahevAze ke pratiSThAne aMge banavA pAmyA hoya, paraMtu bArase. caMdragupta maurye dIkSA laine A pahADa upara pitAnA varSa sudhI te mUrti adazya kema rahevA pAmI teja gurumahArAja sAthe zeSa jIvana gALyuM hatuM. tAjubI bharyuM che. khulAso e hoI zake ke priyadarzina AvaDI moTI mUrti zI rIte parvata upara gaTha- pachInA kaIka samaye dharmakrAMti thatAM, julmagAranA hAthe vavAmAM AvI te praznane khulAse cekasapaNe Apavo te mUrtinI anupama kaLA ane ghaDatarano vinAza thato. jarA kaThina to che ja, chatAM saMbhava che ke, anya aTakAvavA jainadharmAvalaMbIoe tenI AsapAsa. khaDakalekhanI prAptinA sthAnanI peThe maLe atra moTo mATI, maTeDa ke pattharo nAMkhIne eka moTA TekarA Uco pahADa ja haze. pachI tene ghaDI karIne be prakAre jevo dekhAva karI dIdhuM hoya. A sthitimAM te

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAe bhAratavarSa ] TekarA-DuMgarI jevA pattharanA Dhaga rUpe aneka varSo sudhI paDI rahyo ane atyAre paNa jema krAi pratimAnuM prAgaTaya thatAM, pahelAM kAI bhaktajanane svapna Ave che, tema maMtrI cAmuMDarAyane tathAprakAranuM svapna AvatAM teNe te mUrtine pragaTa karI, tathA dhAmadhUma-khIjA pUrvaka pUjAarcana karI prasiddhimAM mUkI hatI. A pramANe cAmuMDarAyane svapnuM AvyAnuM jaNAyeluM che. tethI ApaNA anumAnane ekara puSTi paNa maLe che. A pramANe mAruM mAnavuM thAya che. khAkI sapATa pradezamAM mUrti baDAi hAya ane te bAda, pahADa upara caDAvIne gAThavavAmAM AvI hAya, te te pattharane nIce pADIne ghaDI kaDhAyAnI upara varNavelI prathama sthiti karatAM paNa vizeSa muzkela heAvAthI, kalpanAtIta ja TharAvavI rahe che. meM mArA vicAra darzAvyA che. saMzAdhako ane abhyAsIo potapeAtAnA vicAra raju karaze evI vinaMti che. prazna (11):-pANininI janmabhUmi tathA tenuM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 343 paheAyate teozrI khatAvavA maherabAnI karaze. A gAna dezanI carcA karatAM temaNe pataMjalinI janmabhUmine prazna upADayA che, ane cha kathana TAMkIne pataMjalinI janmabhUmi gAna deza haiAvAnuM jaNAvI, pAMca purAvAthI gAna (gAna)nuM sthAna, vartamAna mALavAmAM ujjaina ane bissAnI vacce hAvAnuM jaNAvyuM che. prathama te| pataMjalinA janmabhUminA prazna temaNe ja upADayA kahevAya eTale mArI carcA sAthe saMbaMdha na gaNAya. chatAM temane saMtoSavA khulAsA ApuM chuM ke, je temaNe sthAna khatAvyuM che te gAna gAmanuM che, nahIM ke gAnanda dezanuM. te pUchavAnuM ke, zuM gAma ane pradezane eka gaNA cheA ? vaLI zuM gAnatlR nAmanA e pradeza nathI hAtA ? sthAna ? temanI janmabhUmi jyAM siMdhunadImAM. pazcime kAbUlapANini nadI maLe che tyAM meM atAvI che (prA. bhA. 1. pR. 356 thI 58). tenA purAvAmAM, Dejha enzanTa egrAphI, pR. 16 nA zabdo "Panini's birth-place in Gonard country where the river Kabul falls into the Indus" TAMkayA che. jyAre AcAryajI mahArAjA (pR. 29) mata che ke "pANininI janmabhUmi gAna nahIM paNa pazcima gAndhAramAM che" ane purAvAo je pAMca cha khatAvyA che tene sAra e che ke, "puSkarAvatI prAMtame suvAstu (svAta) nadI kra kAMTheme zAlAtura nAmI sthAna pANinikI janmabhUmi cA" AmAM puSkarAvatI te pezAvaranuM ane svAta te kAbUlanuM apara nAma che; ane pezAvara pAse ja kAbUla nadI siMdhumAM bhaLI jAya che. eTale ke bannenI mAnyatA eka ja thaI gaNAya. phera eTaleja che ke te pradezane mI. DenA zabdone AdhAra meM gAna kahyo che jyAre temaNe te zabda vAparyo nathI. dekhAya che ke te bAbatanI temane mAhitI nathI, chatAM phera prazna (12)H-pANini-Arye ke anAryuM ? prAxbhA. pu. 2, pR. 177 mAM pANini, varacI ane cANuSyane lagatA eka kAThe| meM ApyA che. temAM janmasthAnane AzrayIne meM pANinine anArya pradezI, ne bAkInA khete Arya pradezI jaNAvyA che; brAhmaNa hAvA chatAM meM temane anAryapradezI kahyA te teozrIne rUcatuM nathI lAgatuM. uttaraH-prAcIna samaye AryaprajA ane Aryadeza hamezAM saMskRtine anusarIne eLakhAtA; tene prajAnA varNa, ke sthAna sAthe saMbaMdha naheAtA. AvuM kathana prAxbhA. pu. 1nI AdimAM rR. 4 upara ja karI vALyuM che. tyAM lakhela zabdo A pramANe che: " uttara ane dakSiNa bhAratavarSa, bhale eka ja dezanA aMza hAvA chatAM, je samaye ApaNA lekhananA prAraMbha karavAnA che te samaye saMskRtimAM ekabIjAthI taddana bhinna paDI jatA hatA, ane saMskRtinI apekSAthI uttara vibhAganI prajA vizeSa AgaLa vadhela hAvAthI tene AryaprajA tarIke oLakhAvAtI ane tenI tulanAmAM dakSiNa vibhAganI prajAne anAya prajA kahevAtI. bAkI kharI rIte / sakaLa hiMdustAnane ja Aryadeza ane tenI prajAne AryaprajA kahevAnA rivAja vizeSa pracalita hAvAthI tenI sarva prajAne AryaprajA ane te sivAyanI anyane anAryaprajA kahevAya ane temanA dezane anArya www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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344 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna *U deza kahI zakAya." uparanA kathananuM spaSTIkaraNa karatAM his master Brihadrath the Mauryas phUTanoTamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, " AryAvartanA bhinna bhinna ane tene pitAnuM lazkara dekhADavAnuM nimitta darzAvI vibhAganI dRSTithI A saMbodhana ApI zakAya-itara anArya puSyamitre potAnA svAmI mairyavaMzI brahAratha pradezanI saMskRtinI sAthe sarakhAmaNImAM A (Arya) rAjAne mArI nAMkhyo. A bAbata ja. be. . re. aMbedhana vAparI zakAya che." vaLI A mArA kathananI e. sa. 1928mAM pR. 45 upara jaNAvAyuM che ke puSTi mATe jaNAvavAnuM ke jainazAstramAM (prajJApanA teNe potAnA rAjAne mArI nAMkhyo hato tethI ja satramAM) kahela che ke "jeo yadharmathI dara gayA che nirNayasAgara presamAM 1986mAM chapAyelI harSacaritramAM ane jemaNe upAdeya dharma prApta karyo che tene Arya anArya kahyo che. ] kahevAmAM Ave che." e ja pramANe sUtrakatAMga ane AcArAMgasUtramAM paNa jaNAvAyuM che ke "jeo "azokanA zilAlekha upara dRSTipAta" nAmanI sarvaheya-tyAjya dharmathI dUra gayA che te Aye, je pustikA 66 pRSThanI teozrIe bahAra pADI che ane tenAthI viparIta te anArya ''; eTaluM ja tene aMge have khulAsA ApuM chuM. temAM samrATa priyanahIM paNa eka ja pradezanI saMskRtimAM bhinnatA darzinanA zilAlekhane AzrayIne ja vivaraNa che. azokane paDatI hovAthI saMskRta thayela bhAgane Arya ane ane priyadarzinane bhinna bhinna vyakti tarIke huM mAnI asaMskRtane anAryanI gaNatrImAM levAya che. kekaya rahyo chuM; jethI te zilAlekha azokanA bAhadharmane dezane aDadho bhAga A pramANe Arya ane aDadhe sparzavA karatAM priyadarzinanA jainadharmane svadhAre sparzatA anArya gaNAya che je AryAvartanA 2pA deza kahevAyA che ema puravAra karavuM rahe che. A hakIkata priyadarzinanA che temAMne aDadhe deza je Arya gaNavAyo che samayanuM temaja tenA samagra jIvananuM jyAre yathAsthita tenuM rahasya paNa A pramANe jANI levuM. A ApaNane jJAna maLaze tyAre ApoApa spaSTa uparathI samajAze ke, Arya-anArya zabdane, kaI jaze. atyAre te eTaluM ja kahI zakAze ke, temaNe sthAna, kuLa, jAti, vaMza ke tevA prakAranA vibhAga azokanA zilAlekha mAnIne bauddhadharmI lekhavyA che sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. kevaLa saMskRtine laIne ja te ane tene anulakSIne ja dalIla karI che. eTale bheda pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. A vyAkhyA pramANe dekhItuM ja che ke temanI ane mArI mAnyatAne ekapazcima gAMdhAra deza ke je pANininI janmabhUmi bIjAne meLa nahIM ja khAya. vaLI temaNe potAnI hatI-athavA samrATa pulusAkInA rAjyanA je bhAga dalIlonA samarthanamAM A zilAlekhamAM AvatI bejane nAme oLakhAtuM hatuM-tene meM anAyadezamAM vastunA ja havAlA ThekaThekANe ApyA che. eTale paNa lekha che. svAbhAvika che ke mULa pAyo jyAM zilAlekhane zaMkAmaya [nIcenA avataraNomAM vidvAnoe puSyamitra banAvI devAyo, tyAM tenA AdhAra laIne carcA karavI zaMgane anArya kahyo che teno khulAse AcAryajI te nakAmI ja gaNAya. AvA be traNa kAraNe ne laine mahArAja zuM karaze ? bANa kavinA kathananA AdhAre priyadarzinane aMge svataMtra pustaka jyAM sudhI najara purANanI hakIkatane samarthana maLe che ema jaNAvI AgaLa na dharAya ane temAMnI sarva hakIkatanuM telana mi. vinseTa smithe jaNAve che ke (E. H. I. 3rd na karAya, tyAM sudhI khAmoza dharyA sivAya upAya edi. pp. 198, f. p. 1)-and reviewing raheto nathI. mATe hAla te eTalI ja vinaMti ke tevuM the whole army under the pretext of pustaka huM taiyAra karI rahyo chuM. te bahAra paDe tyAM Showing him his forces, the base born sudhI rAha jovI. chatAM eka be prazna e che ke anarya general Pusyamitra crushed jeno paricaya-khulAsaatre karAvo rahe che. (1)

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- dilI bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 345 jema sarvatra manAI rahyuM che tema, sekaTasane temaNe tene badale kAM, samasamI te banne na hoya? samacaMdragupta mAnyuM che teno (2) ane rUdradAmanano lekha samayI vyaktio paNa eka bIjAnA grantha upara sudarzana taLAvanI prazastino eka bhAga tarIke je che TIkA lakhI zake che temaja eka bIjAnA AdhAra te paratvene. A be viSayamAMthI prathamanA khulAsA paNa laI zake che. kadAca samasamayI lekhavA chatAMya mATe, uparamAM pR. 29thI 305 vistArapUrvaka samajUti samavayaska na gaNIe. paraMtu zAkaTAyanane pALuini apAI gaI che. bIjo muddo je rUdradAmanane lagato che karatAM umaramAM vRddha lekhavAthI athavA bahu to mAtra temAM paNa, azokane jema priyadarzina mAnIne atyAra Taka samayanA ja purogAmI gaNavAthI paNu, badhI sudhI kAma levAyuM che tema A lekha rUdradAmanano mAnIne paristhiti jaLavAI ja rahe che. A pramANe zAkaTAyananA temaNe potAnI dalIlo karI che; jyAre te lekhanI samayanI zaMkAne lIdhe meM prazna upasthita karyo che, nahIM vastusthiti ane Azaya ja tadana nirALI hovAnuM ke temanA vyaktitva paratve jema AcAryajI mahArAje huM pratipAdana karI rahyo chuM. eTale temaNe karelI dhArI lIdhuM che tema. dalIne mArI sAthe baMdhabesatI karI zakAze nahIM. te vararUci kAtyAyane te pANininI pachI thayo che. mATe rUdradAmanane jIvanavRttAMtano prathama saMpUrNapaNe Ama AcAryajI mahArAjanuM mAnavuM thAya che. jyAre abhyAsa karavo joIe. A viSaya prAkabhA. 5. 4mAM pANini. vararUci ane cANakyanI tripuTi magadhapati pR. 207thI 220 sudhI aneka purAvAo raju karIne mahAnaMdanA amAtya zAkaDALanA samakAlInapaNe hovAthI. chaNI batAvyo che ne ema puravAra karyuM che ke, tene samasamayI hovAnuM mAruM maMtavya che. prazastine mULa Azaya, samrATa priyadarzine taLAvano A pramANe cAre vyaktio bhinna hovAnuM mAre baMdha samarAvyAnI noMdha lIdhAno che ane kadAmane to kabUla che. je prazna che te temanA samaya paratvene che. tevA ja anya prasaMge potAno hisso pUrAvIne, prathamanA traNane samasamayI paNa manAya tema che. bahu samrATa priyadarzinanAM kAryo sAthe potAnA kAryanI tyAre prathamanA zAkaTAyanane umaramAM vRddha athavA TUMka sarakhAmaNa ja karelI che. A pramANe jyAM AkhI samayane pUrogAmI paNa gaNAya. bAkI, pANini ane prazastinuM svarUpa ja pharI jatuM hoya tyAM, tene vararUci te samasamayIja hatA ane sauthI chevaTe abhyAsa karyA pachI dalIlamAM utaravAnuM sArthaka gaNAya. pataMjalI thayA che. mATe atra tenI carcA karavI durasta nathI lAgatI. pichI prazna rahyo vAtikakAra koNa ane bhASya prazna (13):-zAkaTAya ane kAtyAyana- kAra keNu? tathA kAtyAyana ane kAnhAyanavaMzI judA zAkaTAyana, pANini. vararUci ane pataMjalI- che ke nAmoccAranI bhUlane lIdhe eka 5Na hovA A cAra nAme mazahura che; bIjI bAjI zAkaTAyana saMbhava che; ityAdi praznonI zaMkA ane khulAsA vistAraane pANini vyAkaraNukAro che. temAM pANininA pUrvaka samajAvyA che. prAcIna samayanA AvA te aSTAdhyAyI vyAkaraNa upara vArtika ane mahAbhASya aneka prazno chaNAI gayA hovA chatAM, phera tapAsamAM racAyAM che. vArtikakAra tarIke vararUci kAtyAyana ane uthalAI gayelA najare paDe che eTale atra paNa te bhAkhyakAra tarIke pataMjalIne manAya che. A uparathI buddhithI ja raju karAyAnuM samajavuM temAM koI jAtanA AcAryajI mahArAjanuM ema mAnavuM thayuM che ke, sauthI matAgraha hoI na zake.] prathama zAkaTAyana thayA che. te bAda pANini, te bAda prazna (14): dhaulI-jAgoDA sametagnikharathI varaci ane sauthI chevaTe pataMjalI thayA che. Azare cAra mAIla gaNAya che te pachI ene taLeTI mAre prazna e che ke, zAkaTAyana ane pANini kema gaNI zakAya ? uttara; mULa parvata te ekaja. paraMtu vacce lAMbo samaya nIkaLI gayAnuM teo mAne che judA judA bhAganI uMcAI eka sarakhI na hovAthI, ja Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo 346 ] je bhAga bahu uMcA nahAtA, te kALakrame AsapAsanI jamIna uMcI thavAthI chUTA hAyA jevA thaI gayA. jethI chUTA paDela avayavA svataMtra ane judA nAmathI oLakhAtA thayA. [pATaliputra zaheramAM aneka bhavya ane gaganacUkhI ImAratA hatI tathA gaMgA nadInA taTa upara ja vaseluM hatuM; pAchaLathI te imAratAnI badhI uMcAi tA jatI rahI, para`tu keTalAya phrITa mATInAM tharane thara tenA upara pharI vaLyAM che. teme tenuM sthAna-paTaNA zahera-hajIye gaMgA nadInA taTe ja mAlUma paDe che. A pramANe, jamIne uMcI nIcI thaI gayAnA ane kalpanAmAM paNa na utare tevA pheraphArA thayAnuM jaNAyuM che. tevI ja rIte zatruMjaya parvata, mULe 80 ceAjananA vistArane! tathA aneka zikharAvALA gaNAtA hatA, paraMtu kALakame tenAM dhaNAM zikhare chUTAM paDI jaI svataMtra nAme eLakhAtAM thayAM che ane tethI ja 80 yAjananA vistAra maTI, have nAnA ze! te thai rahyo che. A pramANe sametazikharanuM paNa samajI levuM ]. prazna (15):-bhArahutastUpamAMnuM mAyAdevInuM svapna vALuM dazya-~~ prathama ta| adhUrI aitihAsika hakIkatAne lIdhe ja bhArahatanA stUpane AdudharmanA pratika tarIke mAnI levAyA che. te sthAna jainadharmIya hAine te upara prasenajIta ane ajAtazatru jevA jena rAjAeAe peAtAnA dharmapratye pUjyabhAva darzAvatAM smArakA ubhAM karAvyAM che. A saMbaMdhI keTaluMka vivecana ApaNe uparamAM bhArahatastUpa vizenI carcA karatAM karI gayA chIe (jue pR. 312 thI 15). vizeSamAM jaNAvAnuM ke, bhagavAna muddanI mAtAe svapnAmAM cha dAMtavALA tathA sUMDhamAM kamaLa halAvatA hAthI joyAnuM jaNAvyuM che jyAre A banne sthiti bhArahutavALA dRzyamAM najare paDatI nathI; jethI graMthakartAe paNa te vize zaMkA uThAvI che. 'bhagavatA utkraMti' zabda kharAkhara che. paraMtu prazna e che ke, kASTha vyaktine bhagavata-bhagavAna tarIke kayAre saMkheAdhI zakAya ? zuM garbhamAM utpanna thAya tyArathI, ke janma thatAM ja, ke amuka prakAranI tapasyA karIne [ prAcIna jJAnaprApti thayA bAda, te hoddo arpI zakAya? vaLI bhagavata zabdanI vyutpatti, bhagavata=vALu sahita; ema thAya che temAM bhaganA artha paNa dhaNA thAya che. te pachI bhagavatanA artha kAM eka ja prakAre mAnI levA ? [ neTaH-eka vAta yAda Ave che. priyadarzinanI mAtAnuM nAma kaMcanamALA (prA. bhA. pu. 2, pR. 288) hatuM te A dRzya upara 'mAyAdevI' che ke' mALAdevI ' che te maherabAnI karI lipi| tapAsI joze ]. prazna (16):-mahAkSatrapa rAjA rUdradAmA nAme 82 pRSThanI eka pustikA pU. A. mahArAjazrIe bahAra pADI che temAM aMtima bhAge sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti saMbaMdhe je meM mArUM maMtavya bahAra pADayuM che, tene 66 peAkaLa vidhAnAne prativAda "nAme rakriyA ApavA temaNe prayAsa karyAM che. te sadhaLeA vAMcI joyA. paraMtu prAcIna bhAratavarSa pu. 2, pR. 393thI 397 upara, tathA pu. 4, pR. 207thI 217 sudhImAM tat saMbaMdhI aneka navI dalIlA ane samajUtie meM raju karI che temAMnI eke temaNe lakSamAM laine teADavAnuM valaNa dAkhavyuM nathI lAgatuM. mAtra siMhAvaleAkanamAM grahaNa karelI rItIe ja jUnI cAlI AvatI praNAlikAthI nihALIne, mArAM vidhAne potAnI virUddha jaNAtAM, svecchA pramANe kaTAkSa ja karatA jaNAyA che. eTale mAre mATe temAMthI kAI muddA upara khulAsA ApavA jevuM rahetuM nathI. chatAM eka e muddA upara temanuM lakSa kheMcavA jevuM lAgatAM te jaNAvuM chuM. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat "C pR. 23 upara hiMdamAM kaleAkAnuM AvAgamana kayA raste thayuM hAvuM joie tenuM vivecana che. temanA matathI amArA saMpradAyanA eka munirAja zrI kalyANuvijayajInA bhinna mata paDatA temaNe jaNAvyeA che. te upara pAte sAmAnya vivecakanA zabdomAM varNana karI aMtamAM jaNAyuM che ke, " eTale mAnavuM paDaze ke teo pArasakULa-kArasamAMthI sAhIo sAthe amuka mArge saiArASTramAM nathI AvyA paNa siMdhu nadIne pAra karI I. sa. pU. 123nI lagabhaga siMdhamAM utaryAM ane tyAMthI kacchamAM thaI saiArASTramAM AvyA. ' samAyeAcanA letAM temaNe A pramANe noMdha karI che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] A saMbaMdhamAM mArUM maMtavya pazu pU. munirAja zrI kalyANuvijayajInA matAnusAra che. paraMtu jo te pramANe lakhIne meM bahAra pADayuM heAta tA, uparanA ja zabdamAM peAte vivecana karata ke kema te vicAravA ceAgya che? A adhikAra temane che eTale huM teA saiAna rahI have khIjo muddo jaNAvuM chuM. temaNe raju karelAM nivedana satya che ke kema tenA nirNaya pote ja karI laIne jaNAvaze. huM te mAtra tenI sthiti samajAvIza. (1) (pR. 28) caSTananA pitAmaha jhAmeAtika (sametika, cDAmeAtika) lakhela che, jyAre (pR. 30) jhAmeAtikanA putra caSTane...(pR. 43) vaMzAvaLImAM jhametika-caTana 80-110 I. sa. (putra tarIke); eka sthAne caSTanane putra kahe che jyAre khIje ThekANe pAtra kahe che; AmAM satya zuM.? (2) pR. 43nI vaMzAvaLInI phUTaneTamAM lakhe che Y--' mahAkSatrapa dAmajadazrI prathama ane rUdrasiMha prathamanA rAjya kALanI vaccamAM, Izvarasena (?) Abhira mahAkSatrapanI gAdI upara AvI gayA hatAM." AmAM dAmajadazrI pahelAne samaya 150-180 ane rUdrasiMha pahelAnA samaya 181-188; 191-196 temanA kahevA pramANe Ave che. eTale izvaradatta AbhIranA samaya 180 thI 181 mAM ke bahu tyAre 191 sudhImAM thayAnuM teozrI mAne che. vaLI (pR. 36) lakhela che ke teNe (drasiMhe ) 181-188 sudhI rAjya karyuM che pachI Izvaradatta AbhIra mahAkSatrapa thayA. teNe 188-190 i. sa. sudhI rAjya karyuM ema lakhyuM paNa che. jyAre DA. sana (kA. AM. re. pra. pR. 153) ane khIjA vidvAnA tenA samaya i. sa. 236-238 mAne che. (3) (pra. pu. 4) "zakAnI judI judI zAkhA hatI. temAM pazcimI zakarAjAe (vesTarna kSatrapa kahevAnA Azaya lAge che) jaina jyotirdhara AcArya kAlakasUri sAthe i. sa. pUrve bIjI zatAbdInI zarUAtamAM sIstAnamAMthI bhAratavarSamAM AvyA. kAlakAcArya jainadharmanI rakSAne mATe temane ahIM lAvyA hatA."-(pR. 4) "zakaleAkeA ujjainanA rAjA ga`bhIlanA vakhatamAM jainadharmanA jyeAtirdhara mahAvibhUti AcArya kAlakasUri sAthe i. sa. pU.nA bIjA saikAmAM-saikAnI zarUAtamAM (125-15nI vacamAM) bhAratamAM AvyA" Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 347 (mArI noMdha-vesTarna kSatrapAnuM nivAsasthAna karyAM hatuM ane te zaka hatA ke krama i. che. praznanI carcAmAM utaravAnuM nathI paraMtu temanA samaya paratve ja kevaLa dhyAna dAravAnuM che) eTale ke kAlikasUri, ga bhIla rAjA ujainapati, ane pazcima zakakSatrapanuM AvavuM; te traNenA samaya i. sa. pU. 120 AsapAsa teo TharAve che. (pR. 20). 'I. sa. pU. 123nI AsapAsa bhAratavarSamAM ujjainamAM gaIbhIla rAjA gAdInazIna hatA"- (mArI nAMdha-A gabhIlanA putra prakhyAta zAri vikramAdityanA samaya I. sa. pU. 57mAM suvidita cheH temaja gabhIlecchedaka kAlikasUrinA samaya pazu jaina sAhityAnusAra ma. . 453= I. sa. pU. 74 jaNAyela che). ( pR. 24 ) zakaleAkeAnA pravAsa vize jaNAve che ke "siMdhamAM peAtAne aDDo ane raheThANu sthAyI banAvIne te leAkA pazcima (pUrva lakhavuM joie) tarapha cAlyA. kacchamAM thaine teo sArASTramAM AvyA. A kUca teoe ekaja varSamAM khatama karI hatI. ema kALakAcArya kathAnakathI spaSTa thAya che. A samaya I. sa. pU. 110-105 daramyAnanA gaNI zakAya"-- (pR. 31) AcArya kAlikasUrinA netRtva nIce zakaleA ujainanI gAdIe AvyA ane cAreka varSa pachI gAdI khAI. te pachI rUdradAmAe lIdhI, eTale caRNu kaccha kAThIyAvADamAM te bahu lAMkhe vakhata rAjA tarIke rahyo. " ( mArI nAMdha eTale uparanI . sa. pU. 115nI sAla kAlikasUrinI letAM 110mAM rUdra dAmAnA samaya Avye| ane tenA pitAmaha caTaNanA samaya te gaNatrIe te pUrve kramamAM kama 25 varSe =6. sa. pU. 17pamAM Ave chatAM) tenA AgaLanA ja vAkaye lakhe che ke " lagabhaga I. sa. 80 thI 110 sudhInA manAya che"(pR. 35) upara jaNAve che ke " 6 dAmAe i. sa. 130 thI 150 eTale kula vIsa varasa rAjya karyuM hatuM" A badhA samayaneeTale I. sa. nI sAthe I. sa. pU. ne temaja temanI AMka saMkhyAnA meLa zI rIte sAdhI batAvAze ? " (4) (pR. 28) keTalAka vidyAnA bhramaka ane jhAmeAtika banne eka ja che ema mAne che ane dalIla rajI kare che kre, jhAmeAtika e zaka zabda che ane temAM 'jhAma' nA artha 'bhUmi' evA thAya che. eTale jhAmA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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348 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna tikane saMskRta bhASAmAM anuvAdita karavAmAM Ave te rAnA sihadhvajavALI pustikAmAM itihAsanA viSayamAM "bhUmaka' evuM nAma thAya. eTale bhUmaka ane jhAmetika vartamAnakALe sattAsamAna gaNAtA mahA dhuraMdhara evA bane eka ja vyaktinA nAmAMtara hovA joIe. A be pAMca ke dasa paMdara nahIM, paNa trevIsa trevIsa vidvAupara potAnuM svataMtra maMtavya raju karatAM (pR. 29 ) nAnA abhiprAya meLavIne temaNe rajU karyA che, te jaNAvyuM che ke "vicAra karatAM mane ema lAge sarvane ekaja dhAro abhiprAya vAMcatAM, te bAbatamAM che ke jhAmetika ane bhUmaka bane eka ja hAvA ApaNe hAtha ja dhoI nAMkhavA rahe che. paraMtu te joIe." eTale ke caSThaNanA pitA jhAmotika ane abhiprAyo meLavavAmAM temaNe evI sIkatathI kAma bhUmaka eka ja vyakti che. vicAro ke jhAmetika (jhAma lIdhuM che ke, ItihAsanA viSayathI apara rahela vAcakautika)mAMnA "jhAmane paryAya, bhUmi' che te, jhAmotikanuM vargane te sahelAIthI khabara ja na paDe. temaNe prathama te nAmAMtara bhUmi+utika-bhUmyutika thAya ke bhUmaka? vaLI 15-7-37nI mitine eka chApela paripatra, uparane jhAtikanA putra caMNanA sikkA ane bhUmakanA vIsa vidvAnane pAThavyo lAge che, ane te paNa sikkAo te jANItA paNa thayela che. je kAmetika evA rUpamAM ke cAlu AvatI mAnyatAnuM svarUpe raju ane bhUmaka ekaja hota to A sikkAo arasa- karatA vAkyamAM ja; ke jeno uttara, hA ke nA, jevA parasa maLatA Avata ke nahIM ? thoDA zabdomAM ja athavA te tenA mitAkSarI vAkayoAvAM AvAM te aneka vidhAne temaNe karela che. mAM ja AvI jAya. paripatramAM je temaNe cAlu uparAMta hakIkatanI evI te seLabheLa karela che ke, mAnyatAthI ulaTa javAmAM, amArI zuM zuM dalIla che ananyAsInI najare te ekadama tarI Ave tevI nathI. athavA amane zuM zuM saMgo maLyA che. teone uparanAM daSTAMto mAtra namanA tarIke ja sAdara karyo che. varNana je karyuM hota. ke TUMkamAM paNa tene citAra have temaNe pragaTa karelI bIjI pustikA tarapha vaLIe. A heta, te te jarUra te upara vicAra karIne prazna (1)-tenuM nAma temaNe "mathurAne ja teo pitAne abhiprAya Apata ( A hakIkata sivaja' ApyuM che paraMtu "Mathura Lion- vadhAre spaSTatApUrvaka jarA AgaLa varNavI che te vAMcI capital Pillar" mULa zabda hAIne "mathurAne siMha- juo). eTale svAbhAvika che ke, amArA pustakathI staMbha' nAma vadhAre anukULa thaI paDatuM gaNuti. je koI aparicita che te, jema bhArapUrvaka kahI zake have ApaNe mULa hakIkata upara AvIe. "mathurAnI che ke azoka ane priyadarzina ekaja che eTaleke siMhastaMbha"nuM vivecana, amArA trIjA pustake ame bhinna nathI; tema A vidvAnoe paNa adyApiparyaMta karyuM che (bhUmaka, nahapANa tathA rAjululanAM vRttAMte mAnya rahelI sthitine ja saMmati darzAvI dIdhI dekhAya Taka chUTaka IsArArUpe, ane mathurAnagarInA pariziSTa rASTa che. matalaba ke, trevIse vidvAnonA abhiprAya A pR. 25thI 263 sudhI kAMIka saMkalitapaNe) te vAMcIne siMhastUpa vize kevaLa saMgrAhaka sthitidarzaka che. temaNe cAreka prazna tAravI kADhI, eka paripatrarUpe bAkI rUdradAmAvALI pustikAmAM jUnI praNAli. lagabhaga be Dajhana vidvAnane mokalIne javAba meLa- kAe, ke koNa jANe kayAM sAdhanA dvArA (kayAMya bahu vyAnuM samajAya che. te upara kAMIpaNa vivecana karavA AdhAra jevuM Apela na hovAthI) samaya para temaNe karatAM, amArA pu. 4nI prastAvanAmAM je vicAro kAma lIdhuM che, ke jAhera karela vigatomAM, pAne pAne, rajA karyA che teja sadAbarA atre utArIzuM; jethI pAriyAke pAriTAke, ane keTaleka ThekANe te vAkaye vAcakavargane badhI paristhiti ApoApa dekhAI jaze. vAkayamAM paristhiti sudhAro mAMgI rahI che. kharI te zabda A pramANe che (pR. 12thI AgaLa): "mathu- vAta che ke paradezI vidvAne pAsethI prAraMbhamAM Apa 19) AmAMnA keTalAMka sUcane ApaNe uparamAM rUdradAmAnI pustikA vize khulAso karatAM karI batAvyAM che,

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] bhute dhaNuM ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM maLyuM che, paraMtu haMmezAM tenuM ja mArgadarzana svIkAravuM ane ApaNAmAM tA parAvalaMkhana sivAya kAMI che ja nahIM, evI lAcAra sthiti senyA karavI te kayA prakAranuM mAnasa kahevAya ? uparamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke praznonA uttara meLavavA temaNe eka prakAranI sikta je vAparI che khAkI ame jarUra eTaluM teA kahyuM che ja, ke samajAvIzuM. temaNe paripatramAM zuM zabdo lakhyA che te ApaNe jo ke jANatA nathI. paraMtu temanA patrane javAba, kalakattA myujhIamavALA prA. rAmacaMdrajIe tA. 24-7-37 nA rAje ApyA che temAMthI (tathA DaoN. khI. e. sAletAranA patramAMthI) kAMIka mAhitI maLI jAya che ja. temanA zabdo A pramANe cheH"with reference to your letter of the 15th Inst. inquiring if the Mathura Lion capital inscription contains any reference to Jaina affairs or names of Nahapan, Bhumak or Nanaka, I have to give you a reply in the nagative... Ape je patra tA. 15mI nA lakhela che ane jemAM pUjvAmAM AvyuM che ke, mathurAsiMhastaMbhamAM jainadharma paratve kAMi hakIkata che athavA te nahapALu, bhramaka ke nanakamAMthI kAryanAM nAma temAM Ave che; teA uttaramAM mAre nakAra ja bhaNavA rahe che.' matalaba ke banne praznonA uttara temaNe nakAramAM ja dIdhA che. A patralekhana pU. A. ma. zrIe amArA pustakamAM darzAvelA vicAra paratve karela che. eTale pAte amArA nAme ema kahevAne mAMge che ke, kema jANe ame evuM kahyuM che ke, te mathurAstaMbhamAM jainane lagatI hakIkata darzAvI che tathA temAM nahupANu ane bhUmakanAM nAma lakhAyala che (nanaka nAma teoe kayAMthI utAryuM ? tenuM varNana spaSTatApUrvaka AgaLa ApyuM che. te atra haveharATa nahapANu pote siddhastaMbhamAM darzAvela mahAkSatrapa rAjIvulane samakAlIna che. te mATe, ja. mAM. beM. rU|. e. se. navI AvRtti pu. 3, pR. 61 nuM ava taraNu paNa TAMkI batAvyuM che. (jIe pu. 3. pR. 234. TI. naM. 13) ke "It is obvious that Nahapan was a contemporary of Rajuvula the Mahakshatrapa of Mathura=dekhItuM che ke, mathurAnA mahAkSatrapa rAjIbula ane nahupAhu samakAlIna che" A uparAMta anya aitihAsika hakIkatA maLavAthI te sarva paristhitine guMthIne ame anumAna tAravI kADhayuM che; jene cAre taraphathI samayanA AMkaDA vaDe samarthana maLavAthI satya ghaTanA tarIke jAhera karI che. paraMtu pote muddo na samajavAthI je ame kheAlyA pazu na hoie tevAM vidhA amArA nAme karIne, vAcakrAne bhramamAM ja nAMkhavA dhAryuM hAya, tyAM doSa nA ? agAu paNa aneka vakhata Aja pramANe temaNe pagalAM bharyA hatAM; ane te vakhate paNa du:khita hRdaye amAre jAhera vartamAnapatramAM tenAM dRSTAMta ApIne tenuM satya batAvavuM paDayuM hatuM." temanI pustikA vize samagra rIte je muddo kahevAnA hatA te upara pramANethI samajI levA. have je vidvAnAe abhiprAya ApyA che temAMnA eka e je vadhAre vajanadAra gaNAya che tenI tapAsa karIe, DaoN. theAmasa jaNAve che ke-"Many scholars (20) temanI mAnyatA ema che ke (jIe temanI pustikA, mathurAnA siMhadhvaja pru. 19, paMkti 23) vAstavamAM siddha vajanI pratiSThA vakhate nahapANanI hastija hatI nahIM, te tA sAva pachI thayA che. keAI vijJAna tene ullekha karate Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ 349 te te haju temanA ja taraphathI A prathamavAra sAMbhaLavAmAM AvyuM che. eTale te vize ame mauna ja sevazuM) te amArI teozrIne vinamrabhAve vinaMti che ke, ame kayAM AvuM vidhAna karyuM che te maherabAnI karIne te jaNAvaze. nathI ( te pachI, ja. mAM che. rA e. sA.nA lakhANanA artha ze?) AvI te keTalIye ajJAnapUrNa TIkAe temaNe karI dIdhI che. paraMtu te ahIM asthAne kahevAya eTale jaNAvIzuM nahIM, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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350 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna hold that Bhumaka was identical Ave che ke teo bhinna che. temaja bannenA samaya vacce with Ysamotika, the father of Chast- lagabhaga be sadI uparAMtanuM aMtara che, kemake nahapANane ana...Nahapana would thus have been samaya I. sa. pU. 114thI 74 che. jyAre cakaNane contemporary with ChasthanasghaNuM I. sa. 112thI 15rane che (juo teonAM vRttote). vidvAno mAne che ke bhUmaka ane cachano pitA sAmetika matalaba ke vidvAnonA abhiprAya keTalAye vakhata eka ja hatA...A rIte nahapAna ceinanAM samakAlIna uparanA baMdhAyelA che. tatapazcAta keTalIye navI zodhahovo joie. amAruM TIppaNa-bhamaka ane sAmo- boLa thaI rahI che ke te mAnyatAmAM che tika eka nathI te ApaNe upara (pR. 34-8) batAvI vadhAre thaI gayo che. vaLI TIna ne sAheba lakhe gayA chIe. vaLI nahapANu ane ca9Na paNu samakAlIna che ke (pustikA pR. 25) "The Lion capital hoI na zake ema pUravAra karI daIe eTale paNa is older than Nahapana=nahapANa karatAM bhUmaka ane jhAmetika jUdA karI jaze. nahapANa ane siMhastaMbha purANo che" (eTale ke siMhastaMbhavALA cakaNa bane avaMtipati thayA che ne temaNe rAjA tarIke mahAkSatrapa rAjula ane tenI paTarANI pachI keTaleya sikkA paDAvyA che. nahapANanA lekhamAM 41 thI 46nA kALe nahapANa thaye che) A matane maLatA thaIne AMka che ane caThaNane AMka bAvana puravAra thAya che. resana jaNAve che ke (pustikA pR. 29) "Na* che. A banne AMkane ekaja saMvatanA tathA Do. hapana lived more than a hundred sTIna kenAnA jaNAvyA pramANe ( Now we know years after the date of the Lion that the western kshatrapas were Capital=A sihastaMbha sthApana karavAmAM Avyo sakas i. e. Iranians and we know tyAra pachI eka karatAM paNa vadhAre varSo pachI that the Saka word for Bhumin was nahapANa thayo hato. A temane abhiprAya vAstavika Yasma=have ApaNe jANIe chIe ke pazcimanA che ke kema te nIcenI hakIkatathI jANI zakAze. kSatra zaka jAtinA eTale ke IrAniyana hatA ane nahapANa karatAM rAjulula so varSa karatAM paNa vadhAre ApaNane vidita che ke zaka bhASAmAM "bhUmine mATe varSa pUrve thaI gayuM hatuM ema zA uparathI temaNe yasma" kahe che) te banene zaka prajAnA saradAra mAnI mAnyuM haze te darzAvAyuM nathI eTale mAnavuM rahe che levAthI, vidvAno temane kAM te samakAlIna thayAnuM ane ke rAvala ane tenA putra sedAsa vizene tathA bahu te nahapANuM pachI turata ja caThaNane thayela mAne nahapAna, je kaI AMka jaNAyo hoya te be AMkanI che. eka vakhate be avaMtipati naja hoI zake vaccenA gALa tarIke A so varSanuM aMtara gaNI eTale temanuM samakAlInapaNuM te saMbhavita nathI ja. kADhayuM hovuM joIe. kemake vidvAnI e mAnyatA eTale eka pachI eka rAjA thayAnuM haju mAnI che ke, A sarve paradezI kSatrapa-mahAkSatrapoe uttarazakAya. jo ke tema paNa nathI; kemake prathama te teo hiMdamAM je saMvatano Azraya lIdho che te sarva zaka eka prajAnA ja nathI (juo praxbhA. pu. 3, pR. 217 saMvata che ane tenI Adi I. sa. 78mAM thayelI thI 223 sudhI 9 dalIlothI; pu 4, pR. 199 thI che. temAMye nahapANanA AMka 41thI 46nA ane 203 sudhImAM batAvela 10+8+6=14 muddAthI) paNa rAjulula-seDAsanA 4thI 79 nA che. jyAre bIjA bhinna hovAnuM puravAra karI batAvyuM che vaLI (nIce graMthakAra 21 jaNAve che ke " It is obvious juo) teonA sikkA jevAthI paNa turata dekhAI that Nahapan was a contemporary of (21) jIo ja, be, che. re. e, se. navI AvRtti pu. 3, pR. 61. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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Dela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] [ 351 "" Rajuvul the Mahaksatrap of Mathura= e teA dekhItuM ja che ke, nahapANu te mathurAnA mahAkSatrapa rAjIvulane sahasamayI hatA. eTale AMkanI gaNatrIe paNa tenA patto lAgatA nathI. jethI hakIkatanA abhAve, te upara vizeSa vicAra karavA bauddha ane jainadharmanAM cihna vizenI kharAbara mAhitI na hAvAne lIdhe, jainane aiAddha tarIke jAhera karI dIdhA che tema atra pazu banyuM hAvuM joie athavA teA lipi ukemAM (deciphering) ke tenA artha karavAmAM (Interpreting) galatI thayelI hAvI joie. bAkI nirarthaka che. A pramANe temanA samaya vizenI vicA-amane pUrI khAtrI che ke, mathurA siMhastaMbha te jainaraNA thaI. have tee zaka prajAnA ja che ke kema te dharmanI ja kRtirUpa che. vizeSamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, mathurA prazna paNa vicArI laIe. myujhIamanA kyureTara rAyabahAdura rAdhAkRSNajI jema kahe che ke (siMhadhvaja pustikA pR. 4, TIkA") "mujhe zuddha hRdayase kahanA paDatA hai ki yaha mathurA jainAke liye prathama naMbara, bauddhoke liye dusare naMbara aura vaiSNavA ke liye tisare naMbara hai / nidAna yahAM kaMkAlI TIle se prAcIna zilAlekha aura mUrtiyAM vagairaha jo kucha vastue... nikalI hai, unameM sakhase adhika pAcIna vastue jeneAMkI milI hai, tapazcAta baiAhvokI, Ara sabase pile samayakI vaiSNavAMkI "tevIja vastusthiti che. sarvathI prAcIna vastuo upara jainadharmanA ja haka che. eTaluM te| suvidita che ke ItJAdharmanI jAheAjalAlI bhAratamAM i. sa. nI traNa cAra sadI bAda ke tethI paNa meADI thaI hatI, jyAre ApaNe je samayanI atyAre vicAraNA karI rahyA chIe te teA I. sa. pU. nA samayanI che eTale zrIyuta rAdhAkRSNujInA matathI paNa nisaMdeha kahI zakAya tema che ke, prAcIna samaye mathurA jainadharmAnuyAyInuM ja kendrasthAna hatuM; tethI ja mathurA enDa iTasa enTIkvIjhanA AkhAye pustakamAM, jyAMne tyAM te ja khyAla ApaNane AvyA kare che. A sarva hakIkatathI spaSTa thai jAya che ke prAcIna samayanAM mathurAnAM sarvAM smArakA jainadharmanAM ja che. tene aiAddha ke vaidikadharma sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. je kAMi anyathA lAgatuM heAya te pharIne zeAdhI javAnI jarUriyAta che. mathurA lAyana kaeNpITala pIlara AkhA kharADI lipithI bharapUra che eTale rAjIvula tathA tenI paTarANI kSaharATa prajAnA thayA. tema ja rAjIvulanA sikkA upara paNa khareAchI lakhANa che. bhramaka kSaharATa che (pustikA pR. 29 rAyacaudharI vigere itihAsakArAe kSaharATa vaMzanA bhramaka ane caSTananA pitAmaha jhAmeAtika banne bhinna mAnyA che;) vaLI bhramakanA sikkA upara paNa kharAkhI lipinA ja akSarA che. ane napANe, tA peAtAnA sikkAmAM ja (pu. 2, sikkA naM. 37) 'kSaharATa nahapANu' zabda lakhyA che tema DhaoN. rUpsana pote ja kahe che ke (kA. . raeN. pra. pR. 37 pari87) (Ksaharat) is a family name to which both Bhumak and Nahapan belongod harATa kuTuMbanA ja, bhramaka ane nahapANu banne, (nakhIrAe) hatA. A pramANe vidhavidha purAvAthI sAbita thaI zake che ke, bhramaka, nahapANa, rAjIbula i. sarve kSaharATa prajAnA saradArA hatA. vaLI A prajA pAte jainadharma pALatI hatI tema temanA sikkA cinhAthI (jIe pu. 2mAM sikkA varNana) tathA nahapANanA zilAlekhothI (jIe chaThThA paricchede, nahapANu-rUSabhadattanA lekhA) sAbita thAya che. A AkhAye viSaya pu. 3, pR. 243-6 vistArapUrvaka carcA karIne ame puravAra paNa karI ApyA che. have jyAre anekavidha pramANeAthI sAbita thaI zake che ke, AkhI harATa prajA ja jainadharmInuyAyI hatI tyAre, tenA prazna (18)H-sarasvatIdevInuM maheArUM-eka bhAinA nAme temaNe prazna uThAvyA che ke, " mULamAM tA sarasvatI saradAra rAjIvulanI paTarANIe pratiSThita karela mathurAdevInuM dhaDaja che te kalpita mastaka ane jamaNA siMhastaMbha bauddhadharmanuM smAraka kema heAi zake ? eka ja hAthamAM mALA zI rIte AvI. " A zaMkAmAM e uttara ApI zakAya tema che ke, jema atyArasudhI muddA samAyalA che; eka dhaDatA ane bIjo jamaNuA

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352 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe - [ prAcIna hAthamAMnI mALAne; mALA vize eTale ja khulAso mples) ja sparzatA dekhAya che jethI tevAne choDI devAya ke, asala hoya te ja pramANe pheTogrAphamAM te devA paDayA che. samagra rIte temaNe upADela carcAne jo utare. eTale temAM amArI kAMI bhUla thaI naja kahevAya. avelekIe te sArarUpe mAtra eka prazna ja mAre dhaDa vize jaNuMvavAnuM ke pu. 1mAM A citra raju karAyuM che. pheravavo paDe che (khUna konuM? vasaMpati udayananuM ke tenI prastAvanAmAM pR.41 upara citra paricayamAMja ame magadhapati udAyInanuM?-ke jenuM adhisatya to e svIjaNAvI dIdhuM che ke, "citra maLyuM tyAre mAtra dhaDaja kAreluM ja hatuM). bIjAo vize mAre mArA matane hatuM, paNa te samayanA devadevIonAM citra uparathI vaLagI rahevAnuM ja thayuM che. chatAM je eka meTe bAkIne bhAga citrakAra pAsethI upajAvI kADhayo che" phAyado thayo che te e ja ke, mane vizeSa sAvadha ane saMbhavita che ke temanA vAMcavAmAM A vAkya nahIM vadhAre cokasa thavAnI upayogitA mAlUma paDI che. AvyuM hoya. uparAMta eTalo jarUra svIkAra karuM chuM ke, nIce prazna (19) -"aMgadezane dakSiNa hiMdamAM mAnavAmAM varNavelA bAra deSo temaNe jo varjayA hatA te, Avyo che." A pramANe mArA taraphathI vidhAna temanI pustikAo mane te vizeSa upakAraka ja nIvaData. thayAnuM pU. A ma. jaNAve che. (siMhAvalokana, pra. pra. oTalI truTio chatAM, temaNe mArAM pustaka najara 14)te pUchavA rajA lau chuM ke, A vidhAna meM kayA taLe kADhI javA je tasdI lIdhI che te mATe temano TekANe karyuM che te maherabAnI karIne teozrI batAve ? ulaTa upakAra mAnuM chuM. je bAra de mane lAgyA che te piote jyAMne tyAM, aMgadezane pUrvamAM ane tenI rAja- A pramANe IdhAnI caMpAnagarIne dakSiNa dizAmAM AvyAnuM jaNAvatA (1) mAruM lakhANa che ke bIjAnuM avataraNa ja AvyA che. karela che, te samajyA vinA TIkA karI che. dA. ta. praznana (20):-lAdezanI rAjadhAnI keTivarSa hatI ? ayodhyA ane AyuddhAjhano prazna. uttaramAM jaNAvavAnuM ke nIce pramrANe ka jaina (2) praznane na paze tevI vigatonI carcA ubhI sAhityagraMthamAM lakhAyela mAlama paDe che. karI che. dA. ta. pANininI janmabhUminI carcAmAM bhaMgyA mAsa purI vattAH zrAvastyA ca kuNAlakAH pataMjalinI janmabhUminI vAta. koTIvarSeNa lATAca zvetamyA ketakAIkAH // 672 (3) ekane eka graMthamAMthI, balake eka ja triSada rAjAnA . rijha pRSThamAMthI, eka ja jAtanAM paNa judAM judAM vAkayo (artha-bhaMgadeza, purIvartA pATanagara sAtheno mAsadeza, utAryA che. dA. ta. udayana vatsapatinA kumArane aMge zrAvastI pATanagarIvALo kuNaladeza, keTavarSa tema ja khAravelane aMgenAM avataraNe jue. pATanagara dharAvate lATadeza ane vetAMbikA (4) AgaLa pAchaLa saMbaMdha vicAryA vinA nagarIvALo ketakAddhaka deza) vicAra pragaTa karyA che dA. ta. vajabhUmino prazna. temaNe bahAra pADela aneka pustikAomAM (5) mArA lakhela vAkayomAMthI uttarArTa ke uThAvela praznonA mukhyapaNe javAba ahIM purA pUrvAddha cheDI daIne kAma lIdhuM che. dA. ta. caMpAparIne thAya che. anya keTalAka prazno kAMte rajU thayela uttaromAM samayane prazna. aMtargata thaI jAya che athavA te keTalAka prazno siddhAMta (6) meM raju karela dalIle tapAsyA vinA ja (theories)ne karatAM, kevaLa hakIkata (details), pitAnA maMtavyane kATale, mArA maMtavyanI tulanA karavA khulAsA (explanations) ane dRSTAMtane (exa* maMDI paDyA che eTale svAbhAvika che ke, bannenAM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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. : : - bhAratevarSa ] ukela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo t353 mataththo ekatra naja thaI zake. dA. ta. gomaTezvara te bhAIne vinaMti che. rUSabhadatta ane nahapANI jainadharmI ane caMpAnagarI, I. nI hakIkata. hatA. temaNe je prakAre dAna dIdhuM che te nimnalikhita () avataraNa yatheccha lAgu na paDatAM hAvA zabdothI khAtrI thaze ke temAM sAdhuo mATenAM annanI chatA. saMkhyAbaMdha utA gayA che. dA. ta. aMgadeza pUrva jogavAI karI che jene jaina paribhASAmAM rAjapIMDa hiMdamAM Avela che ane tenI rAjadhAnI caMpA che. kahI zakAya che. mAre te vAta kayAM nAmaMjura che? paraMtu temanAM sthAna . . 31ne lekha -"Food to be procervize spaSTatApUrvaka-aMgulinirdeza karatuM avataraNa te red for all monks without distinctions mAlama ja paDatuM nathI. vartamAna alahAbAnI pUrvanA koI paNa bheda vinA sarva sAdhuone khorAka meLavI ApavA mATe." saghaLo pradeza pUrvamAM kahI zakAya; pachI cokkasa sthAna kyAM batAvAyuM kahevAya? naM. 33ne lekhaka-It records the gift (8) mAruM maMtavya na hovA chatAM potAnA kATale of a cave and certain endowments to te maMtavyane toLIne mAruM TharAvI dIdhuM che. te pachI support the monks living in it during te upara pate TIkA karye rAkhI che. dA. ta. azokane the rainy seasonetemAM eka guphAnuM tathA varSo urADI devAnI kalpanA: laTadezanI rAjadhAnI kaI Rtu daramyAna temAM rahetA sAdhuonA nibhAva mATenI varSanI mAnyatA che. rakamanuM dAna karyAnI noMdha che. [amAruM TIppaNa:-vidvAne e "to support= (9) mAruM kahevuM zuM che tenI apekSA samajyA vinA ja utarI paDayA che. dA. ta. pANinine anAye bAdamAM teone mAnyA che. ane tene lIdhe "kaThina nibhAvavAne" artha kapaDA ApavAne karyo che, temaNe kaho che. te tenI janmabhUmine aMge; nahIM ke tene ane "kazAnamaLa' zabdanA artha besArevA mathAmaNa vyakti tarIke, ema te vidvAnoe zuMga puSyamitrane karI che. paraMtu zaka tathA kSaharATa prajA jainadhanI paNa anArya kahyo che tenuM kema? (juo uparamAM te prazna; hovAthI temaNe svadharmI sAdhuo mATe khorAkanI sA sA baNava, parANa, harSa caritra ane ja. ba. jogavAI karavA mATe (to support) dIne ApyAnuM che. . e . I. I. ema cAra pAMca granthanA lekhavAnuM che. A pramANe artha besAravAthI badhI purAvA paNa ApyA che.) muzkelInuM nivAraNa thaI jaze.] (10) navI zakyatA ubhI karI prazna pUcha hoya te tene paNa mAruM maMtavya TharAvI dIdhuM che. dA. ta. A uparAMta keTalIka carcA evA prakAranI che ke sAkaTAyana ane kAtyAyananI carcA. jene prazna tarIke na ja lekhAya chatAM tenA khulAsAnI (11) zAkaTAyananA samaya paratve zaMkA batAvIne AvazyakatA lAge che. te nIce pramANe jANavI. meM carcA upADI che, te temaNe zAkaTAyananI vyakti avaMtipatinI nAmAvaLI raju karatAM jaina sAhitya vize ja huM zaMkAmaya banyo chuM evuM vidhAna karI granthamAMnI traNa gAthA ApIne tene artha je atyAra eca upADI che. sudhI karavAmAM Ave che temAM pAMca sudhArI (pra. bhA. (12) je 23 niSNAtane paripatra mokalyo che. pu. 1, pR. 202 thI 210) sUcavyA che te upara temAM mArI dalIlo jaNAvyA vinA ja uttara meLa- eka vidvAne pitAnA vicAra jaNAvatAM kahyuM che ke, vivA prayAsa sevyA dekhAya che. AdhAra eka ja. hevA chatAM nirNaya judA judA. A prazna (ra):-SabhadattanA jamAnAmAM jaina sAdhu- TIkAno javAba, pu. 4 nI prastAvanAmAM pR. 10 e rAjapI lIdho hato ke kema tenA purAvA mATe eka upara, ekane eka ja purAvAo upara kevI rIte judI laIe pUchayuM che. 6. 5 mAM pR. 117-19 sudhI nAsika jAdI kerTanA vidvAna nyAyAdhIso eka bIjAthI virUddha A. 31, 32-33ne lekho pragaTa karela che te jovA jatA cukAdA Ape che te sthiti upara dhyAna kheMcyuM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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354 ] uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo hatuM. vizeSamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, itihAsamAM paNa AvA [ prAcIna sAdhanA ane paradezI vijetAonA prAcIna itihAsa kissAo aneka maLI Ave che. dA. ta. hAthINuMkA-kathanane AdhAre je zeAdheA karI che te ApaNA ja lekhanI paMkti 11 mAM tamara zabda che (jIe pu. dezanA dharmIpurANa graMthAnI kasoTIe caDAvI jovAnI 4, pR. 300. TI. naM. 79) tene temaja zilAlekha jarUra che. DaoN. tribhuvanadAsanA 'prAcIna bhAratavarSa'nA naM. 17 (uparamAM pR. 107 thI 110) mAM kAmaka graMtho e dizAmAM thatuM kAya che ema mane lAge che. kuTuMbanI rAjaputrI je zAtakaraNa vere paraNAvavAmAM te taddana nirdoSa nathI e huM svIkAruM chuM, potAnI AvI che tenA, arca kevI rIte ghaTAvAyA che, te gaNatrIe, anumAnA, mAnyatA ane rAdhA saMpUrNa jovAthI khAtrI thAze che ke vastu eka hAvA chatAM doSarahita hovAnuM e sazeAdhaka bhAi pote paNa kahetA aneka artha ghaTAvI zakAya che. nathI...itihAsanA viSayamAM temanA zabda chelle che ema kahevAne temanA dAveA nathI...peAtAnA saMzAdhatA, mAnyatAo ane anumAneAnA AdhAra temaNe darzAvyA che. paraMtu temanA kathananA samIkSA je vAraMvAra khIjA saMzAdhAnA ane lekhakAnA AdhArA Ape che te badhA jANe saMpUrNa siddha niyA jAya evuM darzAvavAmAM bhUla kare che. evAM sAdhanA chevaTanA niyA na heAI zake ema haiM|. tribhuvanadAse peAtAnA pustakamAM ghaNe sthaLe kahyuM che. ane sazAdhita niyAnA pratipakSa paNa temaNe brA banAvAnA saMbaMdhamAM raju karyAM che...khAsa karIne jyAre pAzcAtya saMzodhakeAnA nirNayAne ApaNA dharma-purANa graMthAnAM neAnA prakAzamAM kasI jovAnI vadhAre jarUra che tyAre te| A prakAranAM saMzAdhanA, niyA, carcAo i. ne itihAsa mATenuM maMthana kArya ja mAnavuM joie. e ItihAsanAM prakAzamAM jUnA saMzodhane pharIthI tapAsavAmAM AvavAM ja joie ane evI tapAsa karavAnA prAcIna bhAratavarSa" kAranA yatna AdaraNIya che......evA eka zramasAdhita kAryane pUrvagrahathI baMdhAIne nahIM paNa vizALa dRSTithI samabhAve jovuM joIe." khAkI te| e vidyAnee potAnA vicAre je zabdomAM vyakta karyAM che ane je pramANe kharI vastu sthiti pravartI rahI che temanAja zabdomAM jaNAvIza. umaiM mAsIkanA, 1937 mArca pR. 212 upara prAxbhA.nuM avalAkana letAM tenA vidvAna samIkSake aMtamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "prastuta gra MthathI zarU thayelI carcA jhIlI laine navI prApta thayelI dizAmAM vidyAnA peAtAnI zeAdhakheALanuM lakSya dAravaze tApaNu DA. zAhanA prayAsa dhanya banaze te bhAratavarSInA itihAsanA tUTelA maMkADAne eka navI kaDI prApta thaze." temanA Azayane maLatuM ja paraMtu vizeSa spaSTapaNe ane vistArathI ItihAsarasika nAmanA takhallusathI eka vidvAne, muMbainA prakhyAta sAptAhika " dhI gujarAtI "mAM tA. 16-5-37nA aMkamAM pR. 782 upara peAtAnuM maMtavya jAhera karatAM lakhyuM che ke "prAcIna saMzAdhakAe peAtAne je kAMI maLyuM te uparathI tAraNa karI potAnI zeAdhAne itihAsane nAme DhAkI besADI che--svataMtra aitihAsika saMzAdhana mATe hajI baheALuM kSetra paDeluM che pAzcAtya saMzodhakAe sikkAlekha ItyAdi bhAratIya pa je je carcAe mArI najare paDI che tenAM khulAsA vyavahArika rIte atra pUrA thAya che. eTale te upara mArA vicAra| sAmAnyapaNe rajI karIne A khulAsA ApavAnuM prakaraNa samApta karIza. karye ja jaIe chIe tema A kA' meM upADayuM hatuM ane pUrUM karyuM che, sAmAnya niyama evA che ke "cAdazA dRSTi sArazA sRoi" eTale ja Isa* phebalsamAM varNavelI "citArA ane jAdugara"vALI vArtAmAMnA citArAe jema peAtAnI sarvAMgasuMdarakRtine eka moTA zaheranA bharakhajAramAM jAhera prajAne abhiprAya meLavavA be divasa sudhI mUkI hatI. prathama divase evA zerA sAthe ke, "jene jyAM khAmI lAge manuSyanI ja bhUla thAya che. pazupaMkhInI thatI ja nathI. eTale ke manuSyamAtra bhUlane pAtra che. temAM vaLI graMtha lakhavAne A mAre prathama prayAsa hAine ghaNI Tie ane kSati rahI gai haze. jema zubha kAryomAM aneka muzkelIe . AvatAM chatAM te pUrUM

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ 355 tyAM zAhInuM eka TapakuM karavuM" ane bIje divase sthita dekhAya che te tenA pariNAma vize soe so evA zerA sAthe ke "jene je bhAga sArAmAM sArA TakA te kharo hovAnI ja khAtrI rahe che, tema meM paNa lAge tyAM zAhInuM TapakuM karavuM" ane banne mArA siddhAMte meLavI joyela hovAthI te kharA hovAne divasanA zerA, ekabIjAthI taddana ulaTI dizAnA mane saMtoSa anubhavAya che. chatAM A vibhAge AdimAM sUcita hovA chatAM, banne divasanuM pariNAma to eka TAMkelI ukita pramANe "manuSya mAtra bhUlane pAtra" dhAruM ja nIvaDayuM hatuM ke AkhIe chabI kALI zAhInA che ane tethI ja kAIpaNa manuSya pitAnA chavAstha jJAnane eka citrapaTa jevI banI gaI hatI. tema mArA pustakane aMge paripUrNa hovAno dAvo karI zakatuM nathI. teTalA nihALatAM paNa saMbhavita che ke, kadAca e ja prakAranuM mATe temaja A graMthalekhanano mULa Azaya mAro pariNAma Ave. kemake, jyAM viSaya ja evo levAyela abhyAsavRttino ja hAIne, bhale pU. A. bha. zrI che ane AkhAye pustakamAM atyAra sudhI cAlI IndravijayasUrijIne tathA temanA sahAyaka zrIyuta phate viyamarijIne tathA temanA sahAya AvatI mAnyatAone kAMte tadana uthalAvI nAMkhavAmAM hacaMdane mArA maMtavyo jaina saMpradAyanI keTalIka cAlu AvI che athavA to vadhatA ochA aMze navIna svarUpa ja mAnyatAthI viparita paNe lAgavAthI, jainonI AgevAna apAyeluM che, tyAM vAcakoe pitAnAM pUrvabaddha maMtane gaNAtI saMsthA nAme che. mU. konpharansa ophIsanuM A AdhAre mArAM vidhAna kasI na jotAM, jema keTemAM bAbata temaNe dhyAna doryuM che, tema huM paNa sAme cAlI nyAyAdhiza pite, game teTaluM ane game tevuM, vRttapatramAM AvIne, te saMsthAne temaja zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI vAMcyuM hoya ke potAnA mitramaMDaLamAMthI sAMbhaLyuM hoya peDhIne vinaMti karuM chuM ke, teo keI vyakti athavA Ina-with a clear state samiti nImIne, mArAM pustakonI samIkSA karAve tathA of mind-pitAnI samakSa je jubAnIo paDe che mane rUbarUmAM bolAvI mArA vicAro ane dalIlo sAMbhaLatathA carcAo ane dalIla karAya che te upara ja vAnI jogavAI utarAve. te ja pramANe anya vidvAna varga kevaLa vicAra karIne AkhA mukadamAne sArAsAra tathA gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAiTI, gujarAtI sAhitya tAravI kADhe che, tema vAcakagaNane mAre savinaya ane sabhA, phArabasa sabhA, gujarAta rIcarsa insTITayuTa ane vinayabhAve eTalI ja prArthanA karavAnI ke temaNe paNa, dhI bebe yunIvarsITI, jevI A viSayamAM rasa laI AgaluM pAchaluM sarva bhUlI jaI, je vicAre ane rahelI saMsthAone paNa savinaya vinati che ke, jyAre huM dalIlo meM raju karyo hoya, te uparathI ja pitAnA temanAmAM ja eka kSullaka ane bALaabhyAsI chuM nirNaye bAMdhaze. kahevata che ke, lADumAM keTalo leTa, ghI tyAre teo paNa, mane temaja mArAM pustakane, tapAse ke goLa nAMkhyo, ke kema taiyAra karavAmAM Avyo tenI ane jyAM jyAM khAmI, truTi ke apUrNatA mAlUma paDe kaDAkuTamAM na utaratAM, lADu khAvAnI sAthe ja ApaNe tyAM tyAM te sudharAve; ane bhAratavarSanA ItihAsane je kAma rAkhIe chIe ane te barAbara gaLyo thayA che tyAM anyAya atyAra sudhI thaI rahyo che tene nirmULa nahi te uparathI tene tela kADhIe chIe, tema siddhAMto karavAmAM pitAno hisso pUrAve. A mArI vinaMti raju karavAnI mArI paddhati, caco karavAnI rIta ke prakAzita thayA bAda, eka varSa sudhImAM eTale ke dalIlo teLI javAnI zailI tarapha dhyAna na ApatAM, 1941nA DIsembaranI 31 sudhImAM je te jhIlavAmAM pAraNuma vyAjabI che ke nahIM; eTale ke, je siddhAMta nahIM Ave to meM pratipAdita karela siddhAMto vyAjabI (theory) meM pratipAdita karavA prayatna karyo che te che ema mAnI laI, duniyAne jAhera karatA rahe to barAbara che ke nahIM, te ja temaNe tapAsavuM rahe che. tene bALaceSTA ke dhaNA nahI lekhavAmAM Ave evI ane mane hiMmata che temaja mAre mane devatA sAkSI umeda dharAvuM chuM. paramAtmA mane sahAya kare te icchA pUre che ke, jyAre samayanI gaNatrIe ja mukhya bhAge sAthe viramuM chuM. li. meM kAma lIdhuM che tathA jema gaNitano eka dAkhala vivopAsaka pUrNa thayA bAda, tene tALo meLavatAM je badhuM yathA tribhuvanadAsa la zAha Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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356 ] samayAvI samajUtiH-- (1) dareka anAvanuM varNana kayA pAne che te khatAvavA tenA AMka sAthe ApyA che. chUTA AMka te vAcananA pusUcaka che. kAMsanA AMka te TIkAnA pRSThasUcaka che. (2) jyAM eka ja khanAvatI e sAla jANavAmAM AvI che tyAM vizeSa mAnanIya lAgI te ahIM jaNAvI che, ane zaMkAzIla lAgI te kaiAMsamAM jaNAvI che. (3) jenI sAla aMdAjI gaNIne mAtra geAThavI dIdhI che te mATe (?) AvI nIzAnI mUkI che. I. sa. pU. sa. saM. pU. anela banAva tathA A pustakamAM tenuM sthAna 600 Azare azvamedha karAtA hatI 78. 600 582-3 58028 51 58 565 557-6 556 543 ra8 para ka 20 para0-482 =38 varSa 4. pU. pAMcamI chaThThI sadI 500 Azare pAMcamI sadI 4ra 482-1 481-51 =30 varSa 480 3 554 53-2 44-5 42 38 30 -16 ra --- 45 45-6 46-76 * . cha ma. saM. yuddhadevanuM maraNu-(parinirvANu) 297-300. 7-thI45 sileAnapati vijayanA zAsanakALa 303, 47 khudevanA janma 300. rAjA zreNika, kumArAvasthAmAM eeka varSa ennAtaTanagare gALyA hatA 72, 226. zreNikanA rAjyakALa 297. buddhadevanA saMsAratyAga 300, mahAvIre (trIsa varSanI uMmare) dIkSA lIdhI 313. khudeve (36 varSanI uMmare) prathama upadeza dIdhA 300. vatsapati zatAnika caMpA upara hallA karI, tene lUTI tathA bhAMgI 326. mahAvIrane (42 varSanI uMmare) kevaLajJAna utpanna thayuM. 313; zrImahAvIre caturvidha saMghanI sthApanA karI 314. buddhadevanuM nirvANu-jJAnaprApti, 298, 300, 301 (541 bhUlathI : 544, 301 326.) ajAtazatrunuM gAdIe AvavuM. 297, 303, 326. mahAvIranuM nirvANu-zvetAMbara digaMbara mate-ra9, 300, 326, [ prAcIna AMdhra zabda vaparAtA thayeA che. (OMA. repsananA mate) 45. ennAtaTanI jAhe jalAlI hatI 72. jAtakakathAmAM AMdhranuM varNana Ave che. 48, (48) aitariyabrAhmaNa nAmanA graMthanI racanA thaI hatI 3. kadaMba prajAnI utpatti 253. sileAnapati vijayanuM maraNu 303. eka varSa sudhI sileAnamAM rAjavihANuM rAjya 303. silAnamAM pAMDuvAsanuM rAjya 303, rAjA muMda magadhapati thayA 298,

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472 bhAratavarSa] samayAvaLI-- - [3pa7 7ra-456 5-71. naMda pahelA samaya 53. =16 varSa 47ra-ra 55-155 ekaso varSa sudhI naMdavaMza cAlyA ra98. -100 varSa 55 zizunAga vaMzane aMta 298. 460 67 zrImukhanA pitA-mAtAnuM lagna 139 (45thI 450 sudhI; 53) (457; para) (464; 109). 459 zrImukhane janma 139 (458; (63). 456 71 naMdivardhana urphe naMda pahelAnuM maraNa 19. 456-428 71-99 naMda bIjAne rAjyakALa 13. 454. cha3 zrIkRSNa (zrImukhane bhAI)ne janma, 139, 146, 157, 6; (6). 451 76 silenapati pAMDuvAsanuM maraNa 308. 451-431 06-96 silenapati rAjA abhayane zAsanakALa 303. ra0 varSa 434 Azare 93 gautamIputra yajJazrI (bIjo AMdhrapati)ne janma 14che. 431-368 96-159 silenamAM pakakanuM rAjya cAlyu 317. =64 varSa 429 98 khAravelanA rAjyane AraMbha 23, 75, (141) 429-ka 98-134 kaliMgapati khAravelo samaya 62, 147, 150, 318 (vidvAnonA mate-188 36 varSa jue te sAle. 4ra7 100 zrImukhe pitAnA AMdhra vaMzanI sthApanA karI 9, (9), ra3, 41, 45, para, 139, 12, 137, 142. naMda bIjAnuM maraNa, 68, 137, 138, 149, 153 (4ra9; 54). rAjA khAravele zrImukha upara caDAI karI tene harAvyo, 8, (141), 150. AMdhrapatinI gAdI paiThamAM thaI 12, 174. kara-414 100-113 zrImukhane rAjyakALa, 39,66, 147, 318 (vidvAnonA mate 188; juo te sAle) =13 varSa 425 12 khAravele rASTrike tathA bhojane jItI lIdhA 15; khAravele revA-buMdelakhaMDa vALo pradeza naMda pAsethI jItI lIdho 154. 4ra7 thI 100 thI AMdhrapatione kuLadharma jaina hatA 81. 23 sudhI 297 sudhI 416 111 khAravele potAnA rAjya 13mA varSe mahAvijaya prAsAda baMdhA kara. (mahAvijayano-amarAvatIne kharo samaya-pAMcamI sadI 308, (247) 41-15 110-112 magadhapati bRhaspatimitra urphe naMda AThamane samaya 318 (vidvAnonA mate =ra varSa 188-juo te sAle), 147. 15-3ra 112-15 navamAM naMdane samaya pa3, kara; navame naMda gAdIe beThe 415mAM, 138 (154) 150,.151,

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- : , , , , , , , , , , , ' ---- 358 ] samayAvaLI [ prAcIna 417 khAravele bRhaspatimitra magadhapatine harAvyo (1985) 415 112 navamAM naMdanA rAjya rAjyakrAMti thaI 171. AMdhrapatioe gAdI pheravI 74 (moDAmAM meDI 347) (vidvAnonA mate 114) juo te sAle. naM. 4 AMdhrapatinA samaye rAjagAdI amarAvatImAM laI javAmAM AvI 414thI 360 sudhImAM, 71. 414-083 113-144 gautamIputra yajJazrI (naM. 2 AMdhrapati)ne rAjayakALa, 39, 62, 150, 220. =31 varSa 414 113 gautamIputra yajJazrI gAdIe AvyA 151. rAjA khAravelane hAthIguMphAvALo lekha kotarAvAya 130. 41thI390 114thI137 naM. 2 AMdhrapati svataMtra rahyo 66. (392 sudhI svataMtra hato 62). . =23 varSa 397 130 caMdragupta mauryane janma 153, 156. 393 134 rAjA khAravelanuM maraNa 150, 151 ane vakragrIvanA amalanI zarUAta. (392; 62, 73). trIjI ane nI vacce aMdha zabdanuM astitva thayuM samajAya che 45. chaThThI sadI 394 133 gatamIputra yajJazrInuM rANI nAganikA sAthe lagna 151. 393thI 7ra 134thI155 kaliMgapati vakragrIvane zAsanakALa 150. =21 varSa 394-ka 133-4 gautamIputra yajJazrIe madhyaprAMta tathA birAra jItI lIdho 51. 392 134-5 caitamIputra yajJazrI nijhAmI rAjyavALA bhAga jItI lIdhe 151. ,, ,, revA buMdelakhaMDavALA pradeza kaliMgapati pAsethI jItI lIdhe 154. 392 135 maitamIputra ane rANI nAganikAnA putra (mallikazrI vasatazrI)ne janma 146, 148, 151. 392thI 60 175thI 167 A batrIsa varSamAM kaliMgamAM rAjyakrAMti thaI hatI 171. 390 137 gautamIputra yajJazrI ane rANuM nAganikAnA nAnA putrane janma 146, 148, 159. 39thI383 137thI144autamIputra yajJazrI (naM. 2, AMdhapati) navamAM naMdane khaMDiye rahA 66. =7 varSa 387. autamIputra yAtrIne chinnAne zilAlekha naM. 20; 130. 385-ka 142-3 gAtamIputra yajJazrI pAsethI navamAnaMde revAbuMdelakhaMDa pAchA jItI lIdho 154. 384 143 navamAnaMde gautamIputra yajJazrIne harAvyo 63. autamIputra yajJazrInuM maraNa; 146, 147 (383; 15ra, 153), (382; 159). 384-3, 143-4 vasatazrI navamAnaMdanA khaMDiyA tarIke 154 (383-82; 39, 66) 381; 10 mAsa rAjya cAlI baMdha thayuM 15ra, 153.) 382thIka73 145-154 zrIkRSNa pahele (naM. 3 AMdhrapati)ne samaya 39, 157 (383thI 73: 63, 382thI372.66, 383-2; 154; navamAnaMde zrIkRSNane pakSa laI madada karI 155, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] samayAvaLI [ 3pa0 383 144 rANI nA nikAe dAna dIdhuM (nAnAdhATane lekha) 90, 126 (juo 371nI sAle) 382 145 caMdragupta mauryavaMzanI sthApanA karI, 112, 153, 298, 299 (381 nAnakaDA rAjyano svAmI banyo 298, 158; caMdragupate AsapAsane mUlaka jItI laI rAjyanI jamAvaTa karI 381-372=9 varSa sudhI 158) 381-358 146=169 caMdragupta mauryane zAsanakALa. 299 =24 varSa 173 154 AMdhrapati zrIkRSNanA rAjyane aMta (63), 146 (372, 157) 373thI 17 154thI naM. 4 AMdhrapati malikazrI zAtakaraNine rAjyakALa 39 (371-317 =56 varSa 210 =54 varSa. 160). 372 155 naMdavaMzane aMta 298; caMdragupta mauryasamrATa banyo (63), 153, 298. 372thI357 155thI naM. 4 AMdhrapati mairya caMdraguptano khaDiyo rahyA 66. =15 varSa 170 371thI357 15thI zrI bhadrabAhu jainAcAryane samaya (102), 160. =14 varSa 100 371 156 je dAna rANInAganikAe 383mAM dIdhuM hatuM tene nAnAvATavALo zilAlekha ketarAvAyo 90, 126 (vidvAnonA mate tene samaya cothI sadI (93). 370Azare 157 naM. 4no putra, bilADInA AkAravALo AgaLa paDavAthI mRtyu pAme. 160, 167. 36thI364158-163 naM. pamA AMdhrapati pUrNotsagano janma 164. 368thI 349 159thI silonamAM musATInanuM rAjIva 303 =59 varSa 2018 368 159 silenApati kuDakanuM maraNa 303 " 360 = 167 cedivaMzane aMta 73. 358 169 samrATa caMdragupta dIkSA lIdhI 16 caMdraguptanA rAjyane aMta 162, 298, 99. 357 170 jainAcArya bhadrabAhunuM svargagamana 160. 35-312 170thI jainAcArya sthUlabhadrajIne samaya (12). =45 varSa 215 naM. 4 AMdhrapati samrATa biMdusArane khaMDiye rahyo 66. =13 varSa 183 352 175 azokane janma 302. 177 cANakyae vAnaprastha lIdhuM 161, 162. maliMkazrIe (naM. 4 AMdhrapati) AsapAsa AsapAsa dakSiNa hiMda jItI lIdhe 162. 347 180 biMdusAra rAjeye rAjakrAMti 172. biMdusAra rAjya baLavo karI dakSiNamAM keTalAMka rAjyo svataMtra thayAM cha3. makSikazrI svataMtra banyo 161. malikazrIe rAjagAdI amarAvatImAM pheravI (eka gaNatrIe) 172 (bIjI gaNatrIe meDAmAM meDI amarAvatImAM gAdI pheravI 74; juo 415-14nI sAle). 34thI317180 thI mallikazrI svataMtra rahyA 161 (344thI 31826 varSa 66; 345 thI 340 =30 varSa 210 sudhImAM malikazrIe svataMtra thavA prayatna karyo 64.). 35 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #384
samayAvALI [ prAcIna 338thI18 197thI malikezI zAtakaraNi samrATa azokane samakAlIna rahe 64. =2 varSa 20 340 190 biMdusAranuM maraNa 301, biMdusArane rAjyane aMta 299; sa keTasa gAdIe 33thIka26 197-201 azake gAdIpati 301 [ beThe 301. 330thI289 197-208 azeka vardhanano rAjyakALa 165 167, 269, 301, 304, 305 vidvAnonA =41 varSa mate 273 thI 232; juo te sAla nIce) 327 alekjhAMDara dhI greITa hida upara caDI AvyA 165, 291, 296, 298, 299 326 201 alekjhAMDara sAthe yuddha 297. azokane rAjyAbhiSeka 301 (vidvAnonA mate 269-juo te sAle) 320thI302 201- azokavardhana samrATa tarIke 301. =24 varSa 225 325-322 202-205 vidvAna mata mauryavaMzanI sthApanA ra97. 325-301 202-226 athavA(322 athavA 298)=24 205-229 vidvAnonA mate caMdragupta mauryavaMzane samaya, ra97. ra3 204 alekjhAMDara dhI greITanuM maraNa 165, 299. 318 209 azokanA bhAI tiSya (vidvAnoe tistA nAma ApyuM che)nuM maraNa 703. (vidvAnanA mate 264mAM, juo te sAla) 17thIra99 210- naM. 5 AMdhrapati pUrNIsaMga-urphe mAharIputra-rAjyakALa 38, 164, =18 varSa 228 165 (318-29; 66). 317 210 mallikazrInuM maraNa 159; AsapAsa naM. 5 AMdhrapati (pUrNatsaMge) e piThamAMthI amarAvatImAM gAdI pheravI (eka gaNatrIe) 172, 174 (vaLa juo 414-15 ane 347 nI sAla) 313 214 azoka rAje 17mA varSe trIjI saiddha pariSada, maheMdra ane mitrAnI do ane saMghane laMkA taraphanI vidAya 165. 31rasudhImAM 215sudhI naM. 5 mADharIputre dakSiNa hiMda jItI lIdhuM 166, 168. 312-282 215-245 jainAcArya mahAgirine samaya (12) =00 varSa 309 218 silanapati mukAzIvanuM maraNa 303 moDharIputra (naM. 5 AMdhrapati)ne kaherIne zilAlekha 127. 30thI303 218-224 silenamAM arAjakatA 303. 5 222 selyukase nikeTaranI hiMda upara caDAI 297. urpha 22 selyusa nikaTare azakavardhana sAthe suleha karI, 145, 167, ra99; nikaTAra pitAnI putrI azokane paraNAvI 301, 305; megesthenIjhanI elacI tarIke piTaliputramAM nimaNUka 168; megelvenI AMdhrapatinA sainyabaLanI gaNatrI karyAnI noMdha 168 (megesthenIjhanuM hiMdamAM AvavuM 33; 297). Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #385
bhAratavarSa ] samayAvaLI [ 361. 304-ka 223-4 samrATa priyadarzinane janma 303. 307thIra67224-260 cinAI zahenazAha zihuvAMgane rAjakALa 305; (vidvAnonA matathI =46 varSa 246 thI 210; 304). 303thI63 224-290 silonapati hissAne zAsana samaya 303. 2thIra89 225-238 azekavardhana rIjaTa tarIke 302. =3 varSa 301thI 273 22-254 vidvAnonA matathI samrATa biMdusArano samaya 297 (khare samaya; 358-30 juo te sAla). 300thI ra50 rara7-ra7sAIrininA rAjA megasano rAjyakALa 32. 20thI285 22-24ra naM. 6 AMdhrapati rAjA aMdhastaMbhano zAsanakALa 40, 179, 176, 220 =14 varSa (athavA eka varSa AgaLa pAchaLa paNa karI zakAze); (naM. 5 AMdhrapati mADharI putranuM maraNa 299mAM, 65; naM. 6 AMdhrapati svataMtrapaNe 66, 65. 380 227 mADharaputra IphlAkane jagayA peTa-stUpane lekha 131. 290 237 azoke priyadarzinane rAjIlagAma soMpI 65. (priyadarzinane samaya 288-25 =54 varSa; 167, 304, 305) azokanA rAjyane aMta 289, 201, 302 ane priyadarzina gAdIe Avyo 19. 28thI284 237-243 priyadarzine uttara tathA dakSiNa hiMda jItI lIdhA 179. 28thI270 278-257 azokanI nivRtti 32. 285thI247 24rathI280 IjIptane rAjA suramaya 32. 285-4 242-3 chaThThA AMdhrapatinI svataMtratA priyadarzine harI lIdhI 65; ane tenI putrIne (athavA naM. 7nI bahenane) para 184; (285 thI 28104 varSa naM. 6 AMdhrapati, priyadarzinane khaMDiyo 66; 284thIra80=4 varSa 65 284-1 sudhInA traNa varSanA gALAmAM te khaMDiyo banyo 179). 284thI82 243-4pa priyadarzina ane AMdhrapatinAM be ke traNa yuddho thayAM 180 (paheluM yuddha 284nA aMte ane bIjuM yuddha 283nI AdimAM). 283(3) 244() kumAra tivaranuM (ke tenI mAtA rANI cArUvAkInuM) maraNa 180. 282 Adi 245Adi naM. 6 AMdhrapatinuM maraNa 180; ne. kavALo gAdIe beThA 180 (281, 184) 282thI 225 245-302 naM. 7 AMdhrapatine rAjyakALa 40. =56 varSa 282thI35 245-292 jainAcArya suhastijIne (samrATa priyadarzinanA gurUna) samaya (12); (28147 varSa 235=46 varSa) (80) 28rabAda 245bAda saurASTranA sUbA zAlike sudarzana taLAva samarAvyuM 180. 281 246 samrATa priyadarzinanuM, naM. 7 AMdhrapati-kaliMgapati sAthenuM, kaliMganI bhUmi uparanuM yuddha 179. 281thI36 246-291 naM. 7 AMdhrapati samrATa priyadarzinane khaMDiyo rahyo 65, 6; (ra80; 168) 280 247 dailI-jAgaDAnA lekhane samaya 167.

Page #386
2 ] samayAvaLI [ prAcIna 275thI232 254thI295 vidvAnonA mate azokanA sabhya ra97 (jIe 330thI289nI sAla). 41 280cIra71 247-256 samrATa priyadarzinanI ANu dakSiNa hiMda upara cAlu hatI ja 167, 280~262 24-265 siriyAnA rAjA enTiyAkanA rAjyakALa 302. 208 249 cinAI rAjA zikSuvAMga pote zahenazAha banyA 305. 275Asa. 252Asa. pataMjalinA janma 184. kara 51 priyadarzine potAnA rAjye 14mA varSe nepALanI prathama mulAkAta lIdhI 30 5. 276239 251thI288 me - DArnayAnA rAjA enTIgAnasa urphe eTrikanI 302. 27racAraka 25tha 27ra apAirasanA rAjA alekjhAMDara 32. 273 thI 254 thI vidvAnonA mate arokanuM rAjya 304 (jI) 330nI sAla) 242 () 285 (?) 2556 256 202-1 200 269 264 258 263 == 236 26-253 264 thI 10 varSa 24 sa 265 Arya sudghatijInuM (priyadarzananA gurUnuM) paTadhara nimAvuM 298. 261 266 vidyAtAnA mate priyadarzananuM kaliMganuM yuddha thayuM hatuM 297 (jIe! 281nI sAla). 249-10 281 thI vidvAneAnA mate cinAI zahenazAha zi uvAMgane samaya 304 (kharA samaya 317 303 thI 267 juo tyAM). 291 samrATa priyadarzananuM maraNa 78, 184; (37, 18). 236cIrarapa 291-3 02 naM, cha AMdhrapati svataMtra rahyo nRpa, 66. =11 varSa jagaprakhyAta cinAI divAla baMdhAI rahI 30 5. akanuM maraNa 302, 305 (269, 301); (ra71 sudhI azAka jIvate hatA 178), (vidyAneAnA mate azakanuM maraNa 232; jIe te sAla); maisura rAjye priyadarzinanA khaDaka lekhane samaya 303; priyadarzine peAtAnA rAjye 20mA varSe nepALanI khIjI vAra mulAkAta lIdhI 305. vidvAnenA mate azAkane rAjyAbhiSeka ra97 (nue kara6nI sAla) vidvAnAnA mate aze|kanA bhAI tissAnuM macchu 304 (jIe 318nI sAla); silonapati tissAnuM maraNa 303. sisthAnapati rAjA uttiyane samaya 303. sudhI 236thI192 291thI335 jainAcAryAM guNasuMdarasUrinA samaya (80). =44 varSa 23pathI151 292thI376 jainAcA supratibaddha ane susthitane ekatra samaya (102). =84 va 232 230 195 20 vidvAneAnA mate samrATa araze|kanuM maraNa ra97 (kharA samaya 270 jue te sAla). naM. 7 AMdhrapatie pataMjalinA netRtvamAM prathama azvamedha karyAM 184, naM. 7 AMdhrapatie vRSabhasena avaMtipatine harAvI peAtAneA khaDiyA banAvyA ane pAte dakSiNamAM AvI pahoMcyA 185, (185).

Page #387
bhAratavarSa ] bAvaLI 2297225299thI402 naM. 7 dhati sArvabhAma tarIke vaMta rathA 66. atipani RSabhenanuM maraNa 185 227 226 226thI188 301thI339 zuMgavaMzI puSyamitranA sattAya 147. =38 varSa 225 30. 301 rarapathIra.00 30 2thI320naM. 8 AMdhrapati haMmeAdaranA rAjyakALa 40. =18 varSa 221 188 vidvAnAnA matathI zihuvAMga pAtAnA rAjye 25mA varSe) cinane zahenazAha anyA tathA cinAI divAla baMdhAvavA mAMDI. 304 (jue 272-1nI sAla). 209thI195 320thI332 naM. vALA AMdhrapatita sattAkALa 40. 1ra va 204 * 195 302 naM. 7 AMdhrapatinuM maraNa 185, 186; tenI gAdIe naM. 8 pati tarIke saMkhAdara AvyA 186, 180 306 159 160thI I.sa. 80 sudhI 323 331 332 195thI183 332thI344 naM. 10vALA AMdhrapati rAnta smAvinuM rAjya 40. =12 varSa avaMtimAM khIne azvameva karI naM. 7 AMdhrapatiSe zikSAlekha kbho karyAM 185; sAMcI staMbha racAyA 248. =41 varSa 190(Azare)337 192thI151 33pathI376 jainAcArya kAlikasUri--zyAmAcAryA samaya (80), 186, 195, (195); pannavaNAkAra (keTalAkanA mate I. sa. pU. 131 sudhI te samaya laMbAyA gaNAya che). agnimitre vidarbha jItyuM cha. (jIe 1896nI sAla). puSyamitranA samaya vidvAneAnA mate 147, 168, 318; vidyAtAnA maDhe khAravelanA (jIe 42thI393 nIce) tathA zrImukhaneA (jIe 427-414 nIce) ane magadhapati bRhaspatimitraneA (jIe 411thI412) samaya 318. 183thI145 344thI 82 naM. 11 vALA AMdhrapati medhasvAti pahelAnuM rAjya 40, = 38 varSa 182 339 [ 345 azvamedha yajJa agnimitre karyAM tathA adrita bhAvanAneA nAza (142). zuMgabhatya zabda A samaya sudhI vaparAzamAM rahyo gaNAya (142). puSyamitraneA samaya 75; 180 (Azare) pataMjalinuM maraNa (184) vidvAnonA mate amarAvatI stUpatA samaya 308 (kharA samaya 416 jIe!). I. sa. pU. bIjI sadImAM pataMjali mahAbhASyakAra thayA pa9. 105 3para 368 zuMgavaMzI rAjAonA zirethI "bhRtyu"nuM kalaMka bhUMsAyuM 19. agnimitranuM mAlavikA sAthe lagna 40; agnimitre niMdarbhe jItyuM (190; Azare 70) rAjA aApilaka (naM. 9 AMdhrapati)nuM maraNu 30; naM. 10 AMdhrapatinA rAjyaneA AraMbha (196: 1984). 347 eka graMthakartAnA mata pramANe pataMjalinuM maraNa (184); (180nI sAla jIe). saharATa saMvatanI Adi thaI hatI 119, 269. AMdhrapatioe kIte jainadharmane rAjadharma tarIke apanAvyA 81,

Page #388
364 ] 152 305 samayAvaLI [ prAcIna jainAcArye (kAlikasUrie) te vakhatanA AMdhrapatine jainadharmI banAvyA 81. AMdhrapatie 150 sudhI vaidikamatAnuyAyIo hatA 196. 151 thI 74 376thI453 jainAcArya IMdradinnasUrinA samaya (102). =37 varSa 145thI116 382thI411naM. 12 AMdhrapati saudAsanuM rAjya 40, 200, =29 varSa 118, 117 49, 410 rUSavadAttanA nAzikanA lekha naM. 33; 131; rUSavadAtte nAsika jIllAmAM kAMIka tathA 114 tathA 413 dAna dIdhuM che (118-13=5 varSamAM 216). 117 410 rANI khaLazrInA saMbhavita janma 211;(maraNu I. sa. pU. 26; uMmara 20 varSa). 116thI113 411-414 naM. 13 AMdhrapati medhasvAti khIjAnuM rAjya 41. = 3 varSa 114 thI para 413thI475rUSavadAttanI haiyAtI samajAya che 245. 114 413 naDhapANe AMdhrapati upara jIta meLavI 71; vidvAneAnA mate AMdhrapatie gAdInuM sthAna pheravyuM, 74, 170 (khareA samaya 415 jIe); nahupAhu tathA rUSavadAttanuM AMdhrapati sAthe yuddha 75. (vidrAnAnA mata mATe jue I. sa. 118) nahapANe AMdhrapatione raMjADavA mAMDayA 172. 114nI pUrve 413 pUrve keTalAya varSathI AMdhrapatienI sattA pUrve hiMda upara jAmI paDI hatI 170, amarAvatImAM gAdI AvI gaI hatI 171. 114 thI 74 417thI453 nahapANunA samaya 200, 220, 275. "" 33 = 40 varSa 113 thI 92 414thI435naM. 14 AMdhrapati mRgeMdranA rAjyakALa 41, 201. = 21 varSa 113 414 nahapANunA pradhAna ayame nAsika jIllAmAM jIta meLavI 201; pradhAna ayamanA jInneranA zilAlekha 131. 12 415 nahapANe AMdhrapati sAthe kheleluM yuddha-ra76. naM. 17 ariSTakarNanA janma 213. 97 430 92 thI 75 435thI4para naM. 15 AMdhrapati svAtikarNanuM rAjya 41, 211. =17 vara 83 444 jIo I. sa. 17 = ma. saM. 544nI sAla. 75 thI 72 4ra-455 naM. 16 AMdhrapati mahendra dIpakakaNanuM rAjya 41; naM. 16nuM gAdIe besavuM 213 (72thI 70 = 3 varSa: 210) 74 74thI 65 453thI422 vadAttanuM rAjya. saurASTramAM kaDedhaDe hatuM 216, 453 nahapANanuM maraNu (100), 216, 260. 74thI 57 453thI470 jainAcArya dinnasUrine samaya (102). = 17 varSI

Page #389
samayAvALI bhAratavarSa ] [ 365 kara-47 455-480 naM. 17 AMdhrapati ariSTakarNane samaya 213, 220, ra45, 287: niSkalaMka = 25 varSa kIrti banAvanAra gautamIputra zAtakaraNi AMdhrapati ra6; ariSTakarNa AMdhrapati banyA karamAM; 227; (71thI 46-35). 65 462 jainAcArya kAlikari zaka prajAne laIne sirASTramAM utaryA 216. 64-57 463-470 zAka prajAnuM avaMti upara rAjya cAlyuM 215. = 7 varSa pa7 470 - dakSiNapati rAjAo zAta kahevAtA hatA. eTale ke zAta rAjAone tAbe dakSiNa deza hato 8. zakAri vikramAditya zaka prajAne jItI, pite avaMtipati banyo 216, 259; kArUra mukAme vikramAditye zakane harAvyA 70, 214, 216, 218, 280. 5-6 470-1 kaligabhUmi upara ariSTakaNa ane zaka prajAnuM yuddha 90 (276); kaliMgapati rAjA zAta sAthe zakapatinuM yuddha 214, 216; kaliMganI bhUmi uparanA yuddhamAM naM. 17 AMdhrapatie zaka prajAne khalAsa karI dIdhI 217 (57; 275). 57 pUrve 470 pUrve zatavahana vaMzIoe je pradeza I. sa. pU. 114mAM gumAvela te naM. 17vALAe kAraneya jItI lIdhA hatA 218. pa7thI 21 I.sa. 47thI jainAcArya sihagirino samaya (12) (56thI I. sa. 22 sudhI; 34). = 78 varSa 548 I. 56 471 jainAcArya Arya khapUTe bharUcamAM brahmAcAryane vAdamAM chatyA 242; pAlItANAnI sthApanA thaI 242, 243. 54 473 autamIputrane nAsika naM. 7no lekha 127 (pa3; 221); naM. 17 AMdhrapatie gavaradhana samayamAM dAna dIdhuM. 216; nAsika chalA upara AMdhrapatinI hakumata jAmI gaI hatI 219. zAhIvaMzano-zakanA vaMzane-aMta nathI Avyo 217. 54 pUrve 473 pUrve amarAvatImAM gAdI AvI gaI hatI 216. dAna ApanAra tarIke rUSavadAttanuM nAma pheravI nAMkhavAno hukama naM. 17 vALAe tenA pradhAnane karyo hato 217. 53 474 gautamIputre karajata gAmanuM dAna dIdhAno kArlane lekha 128. vidvAnonA mate paMDamAM pAchI gAdI lAvavAmAM AvI 170. 52-3 475-4 autamIputranI zaka prajA uparanI chata (100), 276, (276), (277). para 475 zAhIvaMzano aMta ane rAjA devakanuM mRtyu 217. 48 478 maitamIputre sUbA zyAmakane hukama kyane nAsika lekha naM. 8; 127. 47 480 dakSiNapati rAjA zAtanuM (jeNe zakAri vikramAdityane madada karI hatI tenuM) maraNa 34, (46 : 35) 210, 213, 280; rAjA hAlanuM gAdIe AvavuM 35. 47thI I.sa. 489 54pa naM. 18 AMdhrapati rAjA hAlane rAjyakALa 41, 232, (241), 245, 259. 1865 varSa (I. sa. pU. 47thI I. sa. 3=pa0 varSa sudhI pulumAvIne rAjyakALa, 287). 45 ane 482 ane vAsiSThIputra (naM. 18 AMdhrapati)nA lekhe nAsika mukAme 128. 41 486

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samayAvaLI [ prAcIna 498 424 jainAcArya pAdaliptasUri tathA temanA ziSya nAgArjunano samaya 245. jainAcArya Arya khapUTanuM svargagamana (241), 245. 40 487 naM. 18 vAsiddhiputre vAluraka gAmanuM dAna dIdhAne nAsika lekha naM. 15; 129. rANI baLazrInI hayAti A samayasudhI hatI (juo 117nI sAla) 210. 499 naM. 18 vAsichiputre siMhaladvIpa cha 236; vAsichiputra pulumAvIne lekha nAsikano naM. 13; 128, 221. 502 naM. 18 vAsiSThiputra navanarapati kahevAtuM hatuM 235; teNe potAnI pravRtti sAhitya pratye vALI 23 navanarapati tarIke nAsikane lekha naM. 14: 235, 129. 23 pa05 vAsiddhiputrane karlane lekhanaM. 6 samaya, dAna dIdhuM hatuM ke, 129. I.sa.pUnA aMta .. zaktimAna-zAlivAhanano samaya lekhanI lipinA AdhAre karAvAyo che.92,(92) anaMIsa.Adi I.sa.pUnA aMte ... hiMdanI bhUmi upara bephAma azAMti hatI 250. 523 yuropamAM bhagavAna Isune janma 250. I. sa. pU. * sudhInA samaye buddhadevanI kaI mUrti sthapAyAnuM leza paNa jaNAyuM nathI 307, 308; je kaI mUrti I. sa. pU. nA samayanI maLI Ave to te jemanI ja gaNavI rahe che 308. I. sa. Adi .. nAsikano zilAlekha naM. 7; 126. I. sa. pU. 1 sadIthI A traNa saikAmAM rAjAonA dIlamAM jamInanI bhUkha ubhI thavA pAmI 170. - I. sa. 2 sadhamAM 1 thI 17 para8 thI44 sAMcI daravAjanA zi95no samaya 246 (vidvAnonA mate pahelI sadIno madhyakALa I. sa. 18 thI 37). 530 zakAri vikramAdityanuM maraNa 84 varSanI uMmare 280. 17 144 jenagraMtha AdhAre rANAbaLazrIne samaya 211, (ma. sa. 444 ane 544 nA AMkane vi. saM. AMka lekhI I. sa. pU. 26 ane I. sa. 74 tarIke pustakamAM lakhI javAyuM che paraMtu have sudhArIne te ThekANe anukrame I. sa. pU. 83 ane I. sa. 17 vAMcI levuM). 18 rAjA hAla zAlivAhananuM maraNa 280. 18 thI 20 545 thI 4. 19 AMdhrapati maMtalakano jyakALa 42 (eka gaNatrIe 3 thI8 sudhI=287). =8 varSa 553 21 thI 57 548 thI jainAcArya vajasUrine samaya (12); (pAdalipta, nAgArjuna ane zAlivAhana =36 varSa 584 nA samakAlIna tarIke, temanA janma I. sa. pU 31=ma. saM. 496). 26 553 jenagraMthanI mAnyatA pramANe zAlivAhananA sananI Adi 287. 26 thI 32 ... naM. 20 AMdhrapati puridrasenanuM rAjya 4ra (eka gaNatrIe 8thI29021 varSa 287). =6 varSa 32thI 32 . naM. 21vALA suMdara zAtakaraNinuM rAjya 42; (bIjI gaNatrIe 29 thI 40 Echa mAsa =11 varSe, 287). Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] rathI 35 =3 varSa 35thI 08 43 varSa 45 53 thI 93 =40 varSa 70AsapAsa ... 05 thI 83 =8 varSa 78 thI 9 =21 varSa 4 118 ... .. 93 99 99 thI 122 ... =23 varSa 103 105AsapAsa 1thI14ra 12 120 122thI153 =31 va 129 130 bAda sAMkhe gALe --- : : samrAvaLI [ naM. 22vALA cAra zAtakaraNanuM rAjya jara; bIcha gaNutrIe 40 thI 40 cha mAsa, 287). na'. 23 vALA zIvasvAtinuM rAjya jhara; (bIjI gaNutrIe 40 thI 18 =38 varSa, 287). inDa-pAaina zahenazAha gAMDaranesanuM rAjya cAlu hatuM; 276. gardabhIla rAjA vikramacaritranA samaya 280, rAjagAdI amarAvatImAMthI pAchaLa paDamAM na. 23 pati lAvyA 174. vidvAneAnA mate rAjA kuMtalanA samaya 201 (Apazu mate E. sa. pU.47thI I. sa. 18 jue). naM. 24 vALA gaitamIputranuM rAjya 42, 274; (eka gaNatrIe 78thI 109 =31 varSa, 273; bIjI gaNatrIe 78 thI 137=19 varSa, 287). vidvAnAnA mate caNavaMzanI sthApanA caI (26): (ApaNA mate 103 che jIe te). zakasaMvatanI sthApanAne samaya gaNAya che 35, 234, 252, 25, 258, 261, 265, 271, 227. zAlivAhana za`pravartaka vidvAnemanA matathI) 260, 262; vidyAneAnA mate paiThaNunuM khIjAM nAma navanagara paDayuM hatuM, 258; kuzAnasaMvatanI sthApanA uttara hiMdamAM thayAnuM vidvAna mAne che 262. gardabhIlavaMzI rAjA vikramacaritranuM maraNu 281. naM. 24 prapatinuM maraNu 173. naM. 25 AMdhrapati catrapaSNunA samaya 42, (bIjI gaNatrIe 109thI12728 varSa 273). kuzAnasaMvatanI sthApanA 263 caoSNusaMvatanI sthApanA 269, 275. naM. 25 catrapaNe lATa tathA sArASTra jItI lIdhAM 42, 173, 281, AMdhrapatine tAbe saiArASTra deza hatA (115). catrapaNuM zAtakaraNinA nAnApATane-lekha naM. 18ne-samaya 1296 I. sa. nI khIjI sadInA samaya vidvAnA karAve che (93). vidyAtAnA matathI nahapANu-rUSavadAttanuM yuddha mAMtrapati sAthe 75; (kharA suya mATe jue I. sa. pU. 114). vidvAnAnA mate rUdradAmananA samaya 75 (kharA samaya 155; te jIe) naM. 26 pulumAvI gaitamIputranA samaya 43, 281, 287; (bIjI raNutrIe 137 thI 165=28 1; 273) naM. 26 AMdhrapatinA nAsika lekha na. 21 te samaya 170. pulumAvI AMdhrapati (naM. 26vALA) tathA RNu sahAkSatrapa samakAlIna tarIke (114) DhAvA joie 29; (kharA samaye 155 che (279).

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368 ] samayAvaLI [ prAcIna caThaNanA rAjyano aMta (vidvAnI mAnyatA) 114; (khare samaya 15ra che juo te sAla). caThaNu mahAkSatrapa thayo 115. kuzanavaMzanA mahAkSatrapa tarIke caMNane samaya 114, 115. naM. 26 AMdhrapatine (naM. 25 naMbara bIjI gaNatrIe) samaya 273, 287. 132 12thI142 17thI165 =28 varSa 10thI165 138 141 (?) 142thI15ra - 143 (670) 143 143thIpa 155 bhUgoLavettA TelemI hiMdamAM A samaya sudhI hato (114), 279. kaherI lekha naM. rane samaya 130. kanDerInA lekha . 23 no samaya 130. cakkaNa avaMtipati tarIke 114, 115 (cakkaNa mahAkSatrapa vidyamAna che 25). (cazmaNa 15ra sudhI jIvaMta che, 115); (143 AsapAsa caThaNa avaMtipati banyo. 282, 287) (eka gaNatrIe teno samaya avaMtipati tarIke 14pana; 287). jainAcArya jajigarinA hAthe paramAravaMzI nAhaDe aMjanazalAkA karAvI 287. caThaNe AMdhrapati pAsethI gujarAta khAlI karAvyuM, 25, 173. avaMtipatioe AMdhrapatine herAna ja karyA nathI 116. rUdradAmanane samaya 75; vidvAnoe 100 thI 150 AMko che (khare 155175 ne tethI paNa upara). vidvAnonA mate rUdradAmanane junAgaDhanA lekhane samaya 104, 15, 12 (kharo samaya 175; juo te). caSmaNanuM maraNa 144 (vidvAnonA mate 130 che). rUdradAmanane samaya (juo pu. 4 tenuM vRtAMta) 150 15ra 155thI 175 ... ane te pachI 161 . 150thI180 .. =27 varSa 155AsapAsa .. enTeniyasa pAyasane samaya 279. naM. 27 AMdhrapati zivazrInuM rAjya 43, 109 AMdhrapatie tuMgabhadrAkAMThe vijayanagaramAM gAdI karI 173-174, (143; 7). () rUdradAmane AMdhrapatine harAvI paiTha khAlI karI javAnI pharaja pADI 173; (juo 175 nI sAla). kharI rIte rUdradAmane dakSiNa chatavA mana upara ja lIdhuM nathI 116; rUdradAmane sudarzana taLAva samajAvyuM 122, 132. naM. ra7 AMdhrapati (bIjI gaNatrIe naM. 26)ne rAjyakALa 273. 175 165thI181 - =16 varSa 200 (Azare)... mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUtine samaya 285. rUddhasiMha pahelAe guMdAne lekha katarA 122, 132. rasiMha pahelA samaya 19. rasiMha pahelAne junAgaDhane lekha 132. 206thI 22 213 ()

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------ bhAratavarSa ] samayAvaLI [ 369 AMdhrapati naM. 30-31-3rane ekaMdara rAyakALa 273 (22hyIra61; 287) (217thIra62; 43) rUddhasiMha pahelAno mulavAsarane lekha 123-132. rUdrasena pahelAe jasadaNane lekha kotarAvyo 123, 132. AMdhavaMzane aMta 45, 26 (kharI rIte 261-2 joIe; te sAle juo) caNDaNavaMzIe naM. 28 AMdhrapatine harAvyo 30. vidvAnI mAnyatA pramANe Abhira-kacUri saMvata 286. agiyAra Abhirapatio thaI gayA 286. 214-261 .. =40 varSa 225 30-1 235-6 236 249 239thI400 .. sudhI 250 sudhI Azare 261-2 ... trIjI cothI sadI 258 261 ... 261-4 302 202 pachI .. 319 400 (Azare). 427 para6 kuzanavaMzanI sattA cAlu hatI, 276 AMdhavaMzane aMta ra6 (keTalAka mate 236 juo te), 285 arvAcIna vaidika graMthonI racanA thaI gaNAya che. 59 Izvarasene (Abhire) trirazmi parvata upara dAna dIdhuM. 124, 132 Izvaradatta Abhira svataMtra banya, 110, 269, 285 cakaNuvaMzI naM. 8-9 rAjAnA vaccagALe Izvaradatta Abhira svataMtra banyo. 25, 285 moDAmAM moDo A sAlano zatavahanavaMzano sikko maLI AvyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. 24, (50) Abhira, kalacurio, haihe, rASTrika ane kadanI utpatti thaI che ema vidvAnonuM mAnavuM thAya che (50) guptasaMvatanI Adi 269 guptavaMzI caMdragupta bIjAe dakSiNa hiMda jItyuM. 286 vahelAmAM vahelo zaka saMvata va5rAyAne pustakIya AdhAra. 266 saiphUTaka rAjA dharasenane pAraDIne lekha (456 gaNya hatA have te AMka sudhAryo che mATe) 124, 133, (269) vaikuTakavaMzI koI rAjAne kRSNagiriupara maThamAM caitya karAvyAne kaherIne lekha 125 (44 ? 133) vAliyara pAsenA devagaDhanA khaMDiyarane samaya (83) kadaMbaprajAnI gaNanA sattAzALI tarIke karAI, 253 bhagavAna zaMkarAcAryane samaya 271 (I. sa. 784thI 420) zakazAlivAhana zabda vijayanagaranA rAjA bujharAye hariharanA lekhamAM vAparyo che. 268 564. pAMca-cha sadI uparanA pAMca-cha sadI 710742 zAke 1276 - Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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viSayo ze dhI kADhavA nI cAvI tenI samaja -je AMka lakhyA che te pRSThasUcaka che; koMsamAM je AMka lakhyA che te pRSTho uparanI TIkAnuM lakhANa che ema samajavuM. AkhA pustakamAM je vizeSa rasaprada viSayo lAgyA tenI ja noMdha ahIM lIdhI che. vizeSa mAhitI "zuM ane kyAM" jevAthI maLI zakaze. ahIM batAvelA viSayanA traNa vibhAga pADayA che. (4) vidyAjJAnane sparze tevA sarva sAmAnya viSano () sAmAnya jJAna saMbaMdhI (i) ane mukhya bhAge jainadharmane lAge tevA; joke AvA vibhAga mAtra rekhAdarzana jevA ja che, te sarvanI vacce maryAdAnI lITI derI zakAya tevuM te nathI ja. (a) vidyAne lagatA sarva sAmAnya viSaya azekanA samaya sAthe priyadarzine pitAnA aMkalekhamAM Apela pAMca yavanapationA samayanI karelI sarakhAmaNI. 302 azokanA samayanI badhI carcAne jaNAvI dIdhela saMkSipta sAra, 305 Abhirone purANukAe AMdhrabhAtyA kahyA che tenI samajUti 286, 287 Abhira saMvatanI sthApanA karanAranA ane tenI AdinA samayamAM bhinnatA che tenuM kAraNuM 286 AbhiravaMza keTalI vakhata cAlyo ne keTalA rAjA thayA tenI nedha, 286 ItihAsa te zAstra ane tattvajJAna che ne rahevuM joIe evuM mAnasa dharAvanAra pAse mAMgela javAba, 294 uttara ane dakSiNa hiMdanA zaka vaccenA taphAvatanI samajUti, 263 AMdhra zabda prajAdarzaka che, dezavAcaka nathI, tenI sAbitI, 2, 5, 7, 45 AMdhruvaMzanA rAjavIoe pitAnA nAma sAthe kanyA zabda vAparyo che. 4 AMdhrabhutyane artha tathA te kene lAgu pADI zakAya tenI samajUti 10thI19, 59thI66 dhapajane kSatriyakaLa sAthe saMbaMdha kevo gaNAya, 139 AMdhrapatinA sainyanI megesthenIse karelI tArIphanuM varNana, 166 AMdhruvaMzanA aMtima nava rAjAnI zuddha karelI vaMzAvaLI, 273 AMdhruvaMzanI paDatI dazAnuM keTaluMka varNana, 284 AMdhavAnI paDatI karavAmAM rUdradAmanano hisso keTale gaNAya. 284-5 AMdhrabhRtya" ane "svAmI" birUdanA rAjyanA darajajAne bheda, 286 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] cAvI [ 37 AMdhruvaMzanI Adi ane aMtamAM sAta sAta AMdhrabhUtyA thayA che tenI samajUti 287 kadaMba, Abhira, haihaya, rASTri, palava, cUjha, cAlu I. nA saMbaMdha vize 50 thI para, 116 kaliMgadeza upara AMdhrapatinI sattA hatI ke kema! ane hatI te kayA kALe 222-3 phaLanI kIti niSkalaMka thayAnuM gaNAyuM che tene Apela hevAla, 214, 217, 223, 244-5 rAjA katalane rAjA hAlano puregAmI mAnatAM paDatI muzkelIne khyAla 238, 261 kRSNa -godAvarInA DelTA sAthe praviDiyana prajAne saMbaMdha 2, 5, 48 kaSNa nAmanA be rAjA thayA che tenI oLakha 157, 176 keIpaNa AMdhrapatimAM nahIM, evI rAjA hAlanI viziSTatAnuM khyAna, 235 kharachI bhASA temaja lipi che tenI samaja 120. (12) gabhIla ane zatavahana rAjAonI maitrInuM vivecana 280-1 guNADhya kavinA samakAlIna rAjA kuMtalanAM jIvananI mAhitI 237, 203thI 208 guNADhaya kavine gAtAsasasati ane bRhatkathAne ke saMbaMdha hoI zake 237 govaradhana prAMtamAM AMdhrapationI sattA zakaprajAnI sAthenA yuddha pUrve jAmI hatI 218 gautamIputra (vilivAyarasa, zAtakaraNi ane yajJazrI) traNe bhinna ke eka ja, 218, 220 (aneka) gautamIputra ane vAsiddhiputrone chUTA pADavAnI cAvI 224 gautamIputra ane vAsichiputranA cAra yugamAMthI rANIzrI baLazrIvALuM kayuM ra74-5 zAtakaraNinA sikkA maLe che te kayo ane tene oLakhavAnI cAvI 82 catrapaNu vAsiddhiputra parAkramI rAjA hato tenA purAvA ra78-9, 281 * caSaNane vidvAnoe zaka mAnyo che temAM temanI ja dalIlothI paDatI muzkelIo ra75 caSaNane samaya khoTo TharAvyAthI vidvAnone naDatI muzkelIo 278-9, 285 caSaNano samaya kadAca be varSa A paNa laI javo paDe tenuM kAraNuM 287 cInAI zahenazAha ane cInAI divAlanA samaya sAthe priyadarzinanuM samakAlinatva 305 caMdraguptane nakkI karI Apela samaya 298-9 caMdraguptanA ane alekjhAMDaranA samayanI karelI sarakhAmaNI 299 caMdragupta, mahAnaMda ane AMdhrapati vacce ramAtI rAjakIya kSetraja, 150 jaina dharmanA pracArArthe graMtha lakhe che tevuM kahenArane ApelI khAtrI 291 TIkAkAro ane prazrakAranA varga pADI temane saMtoSavAnuM upADela kArya 290 DAviDiyana prajAnA vibhAga vizenI mAhitI. (49) daMtakathAnA AdhArane nahivata lakhatAM chatAM, vidvAna pote ja te vAparyA kare che tene vivAda 294 dhArmika kAryane aMge zaka pravartAya che to te bInA naM. 18 ke naM. 23ne lAgu paDe che ke 262 nayanara svAmInA arthanI samajUti 236 navanarane badale navanagara vAMcI zuM artha ghaTAvA tathA te sthiti kema ubhavI tenuM varNana 258, 262 nIrakhela pustakanI lAMbI alagAra tema sArUM tevA vicArane javAba 195 nepALamAMnA nizliva ane rUmiDiyAInA lekhenA samayanI sarakhAmaNI 304 nahapANe mahAkSatra55da ATha ja mAsa bhogavyuM che tene zilAlekhI samarthana 120 nahapANanA sikkA upara mahere ketarAvanAra gautamIputra keNa 210-20 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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372 ] cAvI naMvaMza ane AMdhravaMza samakAlIna heAvA vizenI noMdha (ra), (9), 11, (11), 140thI42 naMda JIjAnA samaye varNavyavasthAnI uttamatA jaLavAyAnuM udAharaNa 137-9 naM. 3 AMdhrapatine kevA saMjogomAM gAdI maLI tenuM varNana 156-7 naM. 7 nI aneka viziSTatAomAM utkRSTa kaI tenuM varNana 189-91 naM. 7 ate naM. 18nAM parAkrama ane rAjya vistAranI sarakhAmaNI 234-5 naM. 17 vALAe zAhIvaMzanA aMta ANyA te prasaMganuM varNana 216 naM. 17 vALA AMdhrapati zakAri sAthe joDAyA temAM maitrI saMbaMdha uparAMta anya kArA. 223 naM. 18 ane naM. 23nA janma, daivI saMyAgAmAM thayA hatA tenI tulanA 257 naM. 23 nA daivIjanma vizenI AkhyAyikA 256-7 naM. 17 nA vidhavidha nAmeAnA paricaya 213 naM. 26 nI sattA saiArASTra ane gujarAta upara hatI tenA purAvA 282 pallava zabdane pahalva mAnI kravA gATALA karAyA che tenuM dRSTAMta 122 (mADI) paDhavI ane khitAbadhArI sivAya kAIthI saMzeAdhana karI na zakAya te sAcuM ke 295 pulumAvI, caNu ane TAlemInA samakAlInapaNAnI carcA 114 pulumAvI e te badale eka thayAnuM mAnavAthI vidyAtAne naDelI muzkelI 224, 278 pustaka Critically taiyAra thayuM kahevAya ke nahIM, tenA khulAsA 290 purAvAo khAtrI karAvI Ape tevA che ke kema teneA radIyA 291 purAvAnI saMkhyA mahattvanI ke tenA prakAra-tenI carcA 291 [ prAcIna pU. A. ma. zrI drivijayasUri mArAM pustakrAnuM avalAkana karatAM bAra deASanA bhAga banela che tenA karela udAharaNa sAthe nirUpaNu 3para-3 pUrva zrRhIta, TAMcaNIyAvRtti, punarUkti, phAlatu zabda Adi AkSepAnA khulAsA 293 prathamaprazna-caMdragupta te seMDrekATasa kharA ke--te samajAvavAnA yatna 297 pracalita mAnyatA pramANe caMdragupta, biMdusAra ane azAkanA samaya 297 bIjoprazna-azAka ane priyadarzina eka kaeN judA-te samajAvavAnA prayatna ra99 manne lekhA (nepALanA) sAthe kAzmirI ane tibeTI graMtheAnA batAvelA meLa 304 buddha bhagavAnanA jIvana banAvAne pAyArUpa gaNI tenA nakkI karela samaya 300 aiAddha saMvatanI tArIkha AdhAre azAkanA nirNita karelA samaya 301 bhAratIya itihAsane palaTA detAM e sUtrAne pAyArUpa banAvyA che. 296 skinA zilAlekhanAM kAraNu tathA samayanI carcA 177thI 182 mahArathIo aMgadeza sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA hatA tenA zilAlekhI purAvA 89, 90, 116, 148 madhyaprAMta, varADa, nijhAmI rAjya, chatrIsagaDha tAlukA jIM. upara vAraMvAra sattAkhadalA thayAnI carcA 148thI 154 mahAkSatrapa izvaradattanA samaya khATA AMkavAthI upajatA anartha 285 vanapatio (priyadarzinanA lekhamAMnA)nA samaya azAka sAthe baMdhabesatA thatA nathI tenuM darzana-303 rAjataMtragaNanI ane akeMdrita bhAvanA vize thADI samaja 185, 189, 190 rU...akSarathI rUdradAmana, rUdrasiMha, rUdrasena, rUdrabhUti . paNa samajI zakAya 132, 108thI 110 rU...ane kAmaka zabdo (lekha naM. 17)nA kharA arthanA lAgelA patto 286

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bhAratavarSa ] cAvI lATanI rAjadhAnI kATivarSa ane aMgadezane keTalAka dakSiNa hiMdamAM kahe che tenI carcA 35ra lekhakane, kAmanA, dharmanA i. pakSapAta hAI ja na zake te matanuM kareluM samarthana 291 vadasI malTika kema kahevAya che tenuM kAraNa 143 vartamAnakALanI peThe prAcIna samaye paNa kAMsIla vahIvaTa hatA ke ? 229-30 viliyapurasa zabdanA arthanI samaja 159 vijJAnAe rAjA hAlane navanagara svAmI TharAvyA che te suTita che ke kema? 236, 238 vRSaLa zabdanA artha vizenI samajUti, 47, (47), 19 vaMza (AMdhra)ne lagatA tathA anya rIte saMbaMdhamAM AvatA 45 lekhAnuM varNana, 88thI 125 vijJAnAne maLIne temane pustaka vAMcavA ApyA chatAM veThavI paDatI yAtanAo. 295 vidhavidha dezIya purAvAthI azAka ane priyadarzinanI batAvelI bhinnatA 304 zakapravata kA--chanI saMkhyAmAM thavAnA che tenuM bhaviSyakathana, 258 zakasaMvata I. sa. 78mAM thaye| manAya che tenA saMbaMdha naM. 18 kaeN naM. 23 sAthe? 259 zakapravataka kAne ane zA mATe kahI zakAya tenI carcA 261 zakasaMvatanI utpatti vaidika rAjAe karI kahevAya che te sAcuM che ke? 262-4 zakapravartaka rAjA hAla sAbita thAya to vaMzAvaLImAM thatA pheraphAra, 287 zakAra vikramAditye khelela yuddhavALAM kApharane sthAnanirNaya 215 rAtavahunava zanA bhinnabhinna nAmadarzana 1 zatavahunavaMzane samaya tathA rAjAnAM nAma, saMkhyA ane anukramanI carcA 22thI 38 zatavahunavaMzI rAjAnI zAdhita vaMzAvaLI 39thI 43 zatavahuMnavaza jude paDavAnAM kAraNanI tapAsa, pa3 zAlavAhana hAlate I. sa. 78nA zaka sAthe kAipaNa rIte saMbaMdhI TharAvI zakAtA nathI tenI carcA 259 zA mATe mAnI levAyuM che ke zakasaMvata brAhmaNane ja che. 263-4 zAlivAhana DhAla, krAnA samakAlIna, vikramAdityane ke vikramacaritrane? 280-2 zAlivAhana zakanI ane vikramasaMvatanI tArIkha banne lagabhaga aDADa che tenI noMdha 287 zruMgastyAH ane AMdhrabhRtyAH nA saMbaMdha vize samajUti 30 zilAlekhA (45)nI TUMka mAhitI ane samaya darzAvatI erIja 126thI 134 zilAlekhA kAtarAvavAmAM kAraNa-rAjakIya ke dhArmika bhAvanA-zuM hAi zake, 125-6 zrImukhanI utpatti ane sagAMvahAlAMnI samajUti 136thI AgaLa, 140 [ 373 zrImukha ane khAravelanA samaya upara prakAza pADatA banAva, 140-2, 147 zAhIvaMzanA rAjAe kANu tathA krAnI sAthe yuddhamAM utarI temane aMta AvyeA tenI samaja 216 sarasvatInuM dhaDa joke maLyuM che, chatAM zira sAthe raju karAyuM che tenuM kAraNa-3para sAhityazAkhIna rAjAonI paMktimAM rAjA hAlanA daro, 236 svAmI zabda rAjAe kayAre joDatA hatA tenA khUlAsA 114 svAmI zabda kayA AMdhrapatithI vaparAyA ane zA kAraNathI, 281 svAmI zabda anya vaMzanA rAjavIe vAparyA che ke ? tenI sarakhAmaNI 281-2 svadharmAbhimAnI, tuMDamijAjI ke haThAgrahI Adi AkSeponuM kareluM samAdhAna, 291

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374 ] cAvI [ prAcIna svamata nipUrvaka jAhera na karavuM joIe tevI zikhAmaNa denArane be akSara, 295 sikoTasa te caMdragupta hoI zake ke kema te upara megesthenIjhanI DAyarI upathI paDatA prakAza, 168 hakasiri kaNa kahI zakAya te vizenI vidvAnonI mAnyatA, 81, 2, (92) rAjA hAlanAM birUda, mAtApitA, rANIe tathA AyuSyanI ApelI mAhitI. 232 rAjA hAlanI khAsa khAsa viziSTatAo, 233 rAjA hAlanI pachInA cAra rAjAonA paraspara saMbaMdhanI carcA, 256 hiMdI ane yavana rAjakartA uparAMta, silena patinA samaya sAthe paNa azakane samaya baMdhabesata thato nathI. 303 () sAmAnya jJAnane lagatA viSaya amarAvatI be che, tathA te kyAM AvI tenI mAhitI, 68, 70thI 74 azeke svaputra mahendra che. sAdhumaMDaLane orissAmAMthI vidAya ApI hatI tenuM kAraNa 135 amarAvatImAM gAdI keNa laI gayuM ne keTalo samaya TakI rahI tenuM varNana 162-7ra amarAvatI ane paiThaNa-rAjagAdI tarIkenA samayanI tulanA 172-4 amarakeSamAM varNavela zaka vikramAdityanI oLakha, 206, (207) amarAvatInA AyuSya ane jAhojalAlInuM varNana 225 amarAvatI sAthe anya pATanagaranA AyuSyanI sarakhAmaNI 227 avaMtimAM naM. 7 ane naM. 18nA banenA smArake che, temAM kayuM kenuM te zodhavAnI rIta 235 adhyA ane AyuddhAjhanI carcA karanAranA mananuM kareluM samAdhAna 315-17 ajAtazatranA samayanI carcA tathA tenI ApelI khAtrI, 326 AkhAye AMdhruvaMzanI haiyAtimAM pravartela dhArmika krAMtinuM digadarzana 76thI 84 AdhAra eka chatAM nirNaya judA karAyA che tenuM spaSTIkaraNa 353-4 () AraMbhela prayAsane kaI dRSTie jovA jaIe tenI be vRttapatroe ApelI zikhAmaNa, 354 Abhira, vaikaTake ane cAlukyoe vAparela zaka vizenI samaja, 269, (269) AyanA 25 dezamAM aMdhradezanuM nAma nathI tenuM kAraNa 3 itihAsa sarjananI pAMca vastuonAM nAma tathA temanAM mUlyAMkananI sarakhAmaNI 288 itihAsa AlekhanamAM kayuM pramANa aphara gaNAya tenI samaja 289-90 ItihAsa sarjanamAM smArakanuM mahattva che chatAM te tarapha batAveluM durlakSa 306 I. sa. 78 pachInA AMdhrapatioe zakasaMvatano upayoga karyo che ke? 266 upanAma ane tenA karatA ukelanI ApelI samaja 182-3, 187 aMdhrapati zabda zatavahanane lagADI na zakAya tenuM kAraNa, 4 AMdhraprajA ane zatavahana eka ke bhinna tenI samajUti, 6, 11, 12 aMdhazanI sarahada vizenuM vivecana 6 thI 8 AMdhrarAjAone, zAMta, zAtavAhana, zAtakaraNi kahevAya che tenuM kAraNa (3), 8thI 16, 213, 222 AMdhrabhUtya, AMdhrapati ane zaka sthApaka vizenI carcA 3rathI 38 AMdhraprajAnI utpatti zI rIte ane kenAthI thaI tenuM vivecana, 47 AMdhrapati brAhmaNa ke abrAhmaNa, tathA khattiyadapamAnamadananA arthanI carcA papathI 58 (136), (144) AMdhrapatinA vividha pATanagaranI zakyatAnuM vivecana 68thI 74.

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bhAratavarSa ]. cAvI AMdhraprajAnAM kuLa jAti ane vaMza upara vadhu prakAza 143 AMdhrapati ane gardabhIla rAjAonA nAmanI tathA vRttAMtanI thatI bheLaseLa 204, 206 aMta samaye pUrvakALe paNa rAjAomAM vartamAnakALanI peThe dAna ApavAnI pRthA 229 eka pachI eka AvatA rAjAnA samaya ane sagapaNanA siddhAMta vize khulAse 183, 199 kalaMkanI nimULatAno prasaMga rAjakIya ke dhArmika gaNAya? 217-8 kalaMkanI nimULatA sAthe rAjanagaranA pheraphArane saMbaMdha hato ke kema ? 217-18 khUna kenuM thayuM hatuM? udayana vatsapatinuM ke udAyI magadhapatinuM 334 thI 37. gavaradhana samaya pradezanI kiMmata rAjavIo zA mATe AMkatA hatA? 200-1 caSaNa, nahapANa, bhUmaka, metika viSe vidvAnoe darzAvelA vicAronuM khaMDana 349thI 11 caTao temaja mahArathIone naMda vaMza sAthe saMbaMdha 90, 91, 116, 148 cuo ane kada, AMdhrapati tathA naMdavaMza sAthe kevI rIte joDAyA hatA 252-4 caMpA (jAnI ke navI)nA vasAhatanA samayanI carcA 325 dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNApathezvaranA arthamAMnA taphAvatanI samajUti, 101-4, (121), 128 220, 234-5 dakSiNa ane uttara hiMdamAM ekI sAthe zaka saMvatanA prasaMganI saMbhavitatA 249 dakSiNa hiMdamAM jyAM zakasaMvata' vaparAyo hoya tyAM ke artha vaTAvI levAya? 269 dIvALInA parvanI utpattino ItihAsa 311 daMDakAraNya (mahAbhAratanuM) vALA pradezane aMdeza sAthe saMbaMdha 7 dharma ane jena' zabdane tAvika artha zuM? ane zA mATe vAraMvAra vaparAyA kare che 196-8 dharma palaTa hamezAM be saMskRtinA gharSaNathI janme che tenuM ApeluM varNana 270 navanara ke navanagaramAMthI kayo zabda zilAlekhamAM vaparAyela che ne tene artha 105, 129, 235-6 naLarAjAnA niSadhadezanA sthAna vizenI mAhitI 321 nAnAvATanA be zilAlekho vizenI samajUti (92), 111 nirvANa ane kevalya sthAna vacce oLakha karavAnI rIta 315 'naM. 4 nA rAjyanI viziSTatAnuM varNana 161 naM. 7 nA samaye thayela dharma palaTe, tenuM kAraNa ane pariNAma 184, 186 naM. 17 mA rAjAe zakarAjA sAthe aneka yuddha khelyAM che tenuM varNana 214, 216 naM. 17 nA niSkAmavRttithI kAma levAnAM keTalAka sUtranuM varNana 223, 227 naM. 18 nA janma saMbaMdhI thoDIka carcA 208, 210 na. 17 ne rAjyabha kicidaMze paNa nahoto ane saMgo maLatAM chatAM mITa sarakhI paNa karI nathI tenAM dRSTAMto 227, (227), 229 pataMjali ane kauTalyanI sarakhAmaNI 86 pataMjali tathA naM. 7 zatakaraNinI dhArmika daSTie priyadarzina sAthe, ane rAjakIya daSTie paM. cANakya sAthe sarakhAmaNa 191-2 pANininI janmabhUmi vize tathA te Arya ke anArya tenI carcA 343-4 puSyamitrane meM jenadhama kahyo che evuM bolanArane Apelo khUlAsa 318

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376 ] cAvI [ prAcIna puSyamitrane paNa keTalAke anArya kahyo che tenuM rahasya 344 (mArAM) pustakane kaI draSTie vAcakoe nihALavAM tenI meM karelI vijJapti 354-55 punamIyA mAsane badale amAsAMta gaNavAnI avadhi 196 paiThaNa (Pyton) ane paiTha (Paint)nA taphAvata vize, tathA kayuM rAjanagara tenI carcA 69 prasenajIta ane paradezI rAjAne lagatI carcA tathA khulAsA 331-33 (rANI) baLathIne be putro hevA vizenI carcA 97, 98, 127208, 211, 227 (rANI) baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrane karAvela paricaya 202thIra07 (rANI) baLathInI rAjakIya kSetre lAgavaga hatI tene Apele khyAla 210-1, 195 bennATaka svAmI caitamIputranI rAjapravRtti vize upajate khyAla 96, 97 borDarIMga (Bordering lands) lenDajhane artha vidvAne kare che temAM sUcavele phera 188-9 mAddha ane anya dharmanAM smAraka keTalAMka gaNAyAM che te kevaLa jenonAM ja che ema che. buharane abhiprAya 312 bhAratamAM "mAyAdevI'nuM svama kotaryuM che te "mALAdevI' zabda hovAnI zakyatA 346 mahArathIo pitAne aMgIyakalavardhana kahe che tenuM kAraNa 323 manuSyanI uMcAI 7-8 phaTa=pA hAtha hatI tevo mUrtirUpe purAvo 341-43 mAgetranA saMbaMdhanathI thatA lAbhAlAbhanuM varNana 76 rAjAonI oLakhamAM paDatI muzkelInuM varNana tathA tene ukela 74 rAjakIya krAMtinuM saMkSipta siMhAvakana 85 rAja tathA prajAnuM mAnasa dunyavI karatAM AtmabhAvanAmAM vizeSa pravRtta rahetuM tenuM vRttAMta 197-8 rUdradAmane zAtakaraNine be vakhata harAvyAnI satyAsatyatAne vAda tathA samaye 104, 107-10, 115, 121 vilivAyapharasa, mAharIputra ane maitamIputranA anukramanI carcA 95, 96 vallInA maitrakee ka saMvata ane zA mATe calAvyo 270 vikramAdityanA nAmathI thayela bheLabheLatAnAM draSTAMta 204, 206 vaidika ane jene mAnyatAmAM rahelI sAmyasAmyatAnI samaja 199 vaidika dharmanI caDatImAM jainadharmane anyAya karI devAyAnuM udAharaNa 247-8 zaktikamAra ane vikramazakti teja rAjA hAla ane kula-vize ApelI sAbitI 203thI8, 277 zakasaMvatsarane praNetA rAjA hAla kharo ke? 234 zakasthApana keNu ane kevA saMgamAM te karI zake tenuM varNana 249, 258, 263 zakazAlivAhana zabdanI vaparAza vize 250 zakapravartaka-saMbhavAmi yugeyuge-arthazAstranuM A vAkya kevaLa hiMda mATe ke yurepa mATe paNa kharUM 250-1 zakazabdanA vidhavidha arthanI samajAti 251, 266-7 zakasaMvata avaidika hovAnA purAvAo 264 rAkasaMvatanA kartA ke samayano patto nathI te zaMkA thAya che ke, tevo zaka haze ke kema tene vivAda 265thI268 zakasaMvata jyAM vaparAyo hoya tyAM kevI rIte kAma levAthI virodha samI jAya 268thI270 zAlivAhana nAma vyaktigata ke vaMzadarzaka-tene khulAso 16 sAtavAhananA janma vize cAlI rahelI AkhyAyikAo (203), 247, 257 zAkaTAyana ane kAtyAyananI ubhI karelI carcA-ulaTA sUlaTI vicArenuM darzana 345-6 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] cAvI zilAlekho ketarAvavAmAM rAjakIya ke dhArmika draSTie kAma levAyuM gaNAya 21, 239 zaMkarAcArya bhagavAnanA janma samaya vizenA vicAro 270sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti sAthe rUdradAmanane saMbaMdha-mULa ke vivecaka tarIke tenI carcA 346- sikkA upara cahere paDAvavAnA niyamone vicAra 283 (ekabIjA) saMvatene judA pADavAnA kAragata thatA niyamane ullekha 264 saMvatanA pravartanane saMskRti sAthe saMbaMdha 268-9, 270 saMskRtinA gharSaNathI ubhI thatI bhaDaka TALavA, rAjakartAoe kaI yukti vAparavI rahe 270 smArakAmAM mukhya je cAra pAMca upayogI che tene kareluM nirdeza 306 stUpa be prakAranA-tenuM prAthamika vivecana 306. 313 staSa ane staMbha vizenI pArakhanA niyama tathA tenI lIdhelI tapAsa 148 rAjA hAlana saMbaMdha zakazAlivAhana sAthe kevo hoI zake tenI carcA 251-2, 259-60 , rAjA hAlanA jIvanamAM pravartAvavA yogya saMyogenI tapAsa 251-2 ajaMTA guphAmAM jenonuM prabhutva hatuM tenA purAvAo, 99, 17, 118, 128 ajaTA ane ilorAnI guphA pradeza sAthe jaineno saMbaMdha vize 247 apApApurInuM nAma pApApurI kema thayuM tenI ApelI vigata 310 (madhyama) apApA ane mahAsana vana sAthe avaMtipati caMgata urphe mahAsenane saMbadha 310 amarAvatI stUpanI viziSTa prakAre tapAsa ane avalokana 307 amarAvatI stUpa, jenane ke bauddhane, tenA purAvA ane spaSTIkaraNa 30-8 amarAvatI stUpa jevAja sAMcI stupa che tenI ApelI samajUti 309 avaMtipati na hovA chatAM AMdhavaMzI ane kuzanavaMzIoe lIdhelI mulAkAtanuM rahasya, kenTa avaMtipati thavAmAM prAcIna rAjAe gaurava mAnatA tenuM kAraNa, 310 I. sa. pU. nI bIjI tathA pahelI sadImAM jaina sAdhuo rAjapiMDathI daSita hatA tenA purAvA ka53 ujenImAM kAI zAtakaraNie vijayastaMbha ropyo che evuM kathana che tene ukela 24 pU. A. ma. iMdravijayasUri kahe che ke, jema kevalyaprAptinA ane saMsthApanAnA sthAna vacce bAra janane vihAra zrI mahAvIre karyo hato tema nirvANa pAmyA pUrve paNa bAra yeAjana vihAra temaNe karyo hato te hakIkta kayAM lakhAI che te jaNAvavA temane AmaMtraNa (328) aMtarajIkA (jaina graMthomAMnI) nagarInA rANA baLathI vizenI kalpanA, 185, 211 AMdhraprajA jainadharmI kahevAtI tenI sAbitI, 50 thI para ane TIkAo AMdhrapatie mukhyabhAge jainadharma pALatA hatA 124, 14. kAyaniSidhi ane arihaMta niSidhinA arthanI samajUti, 313 kAlasInA khaDakhanA sthAnanuM mahatva, 325 kauzAMbI ane caMpA vacce musApharI karatAM eka divasa ja thAya tevuM kathana ka-22 zAMbI ane caMpA bahu najIkamAM hatAM tene raju karelAM ATha pramANe 321 thI 23 (A) khapUTa ane pAdalipta jaina dharmanI prabhAvanA karavAmAM khacaeNla sAmarza 40-8 : khAravelanA mahAcaityanuM sthAna bennATakamAM hovAne purA 10, 128 khAravelane mahAvijaya ane amarAvatI stUpa bane eka che tenI khAtrI 38 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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378 ] cAvI caNavaMzIo jainadharmI hatA tenA zilAlekhA purAvA, 121-124, 125, 132 caMdragupta mArca, AMdhrapati ane khAravela svadharyAM hatA tenA purAvA 239. 240 capAnagarI (aMgadeza) baMgALamAM nathI paNa sau-pImAM che tenI ApelI sArthakatA 319-21 jainAcArya kAlikasUrie AMdhrapatine pAchA jaina dharmImAM sthira karyA 195-6 jainagraMtha-sAhitya uvekhavAthI aitihAsika anartha thavAnA vidvAneAe karela ekarAra. 241 jainadharmane kAI, krAma, jAti ke varga sAthe saMbaMdha nathI, tenuM vivecana 292-3 jaMbhIyagAma ane rijIvAlikA nadInA puravAra karelAM sthAna 326-28 trisUrima pradezanI upayAgitA-rAjakIya ke dhArmika-daSTie tene vivAda 239, 244 trizminA paryaMta ane jainadharmanA saMbaMdha 101 thI AgaLa te DaeNDa 118 thI 121 sudhI trizminA arthanuM mahAtmya ane tenA aMgAnuM varNana, 244 trizminA mahAtmyanuM sAhityIka samA~na karatAM dRSTAMte 244-5 vaiTakA paNa mULe jainadharmAM pALatA tenA purAvA, 124 (naM. 43 lekha sarakhAve 4445 lekho) traikuTakA pAchaLathI (guptavaMzI asarane lIdhe) vaidika thaI gayA saMbhave che (lekha 44-45 sAthe sarakhAvA. naM. 43 nA lekhA) dvAnaDhavAnA nimitta prasaMgAnuM varNana, 239 dhArmika krAMtimAM jaina ane vaidika AcArcIe Apela kALA 80 thI 84 TvIlI-jAzuDAnA khaDakalekhanA sthAnanuM mahatva, 324, 345-6 nahupANa-rUSavadatta, tathA zAtakaraNi eka ja dharma pALatA hatA 239, 40 nahANa tathA tenA jamAi rUSabhadAtta vALI zakaprajA jainadharma pALatI hatI tenA zilAlekhI purAvA 95-7, 117 thI 121, 131 (rANI) nAganikAe nAnAdhATa mukAme karelA dAnanI carcA, 87 nAgArjuna khauddha ke jaina te vize keTalIka mAhitI, 241, 243 naM. 4 nA rAja darabAre zrI bhadrabAhunuM sanmAna, 10, (16) [ prAcIna (zrI) neminAthanA janmanuM ane temanA jIvanakALanuM sairipura juduM, tenI carcA, 330 pAlisa, nAgArjuna, vikramAditya ane hAlanA saMbaMdha vize 240-2 pAdalipta, khapUTa, ane nAgArjunanA samaya ane saMbaMdhanuM varNana 240-2 pAlitANAnI sthApanA, kayAre, kaiANe ane kevA saMyeAgAmAM karI 242-3 pAvApurInA sthAnanI carcA 328 priyadarzine khaDakalekhA, staMbhalekhA ubhA karAvyA che tenAM kAraNu 178 priyadarzinanA khaDakalekhAnA sthAnanuM dhArmika rahasya 324 (rANA) maLazro (jaina sAhitya) ane rANI khaLazrI-eka ke bhinna 101 bAhubaLInI mUrtine bhadrabAhunI hAvAnA radiyA. 338--40 bhadAvanIya zAkhA bauddhadharmanI jaina dharmanI ? 101 bhArahuta stUpa ane trirazminA sthAnanI dhArmika dRSTithI tulanA, 312 bhAradbhuta ane mAMcI stUpa vacce khAreka yeAjanatuM aMtara heAvAthI, paheluM zrImahAvIranuM kaivalya ane bIjuM nirvANu sthAna hAvAnI khAtrI 314

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bhAratavarSa ] , cAvI [ 379 mathurAne siMhastaMbha, bauddha karatAM jaina dhamAM havA vizenuM vivecana 348 thI 50 mahAkAla ane aMgadenI caMpAnagarInI AsapAsa zrI mahAvIre karelA paryaTananuM vRttAMta 313 zrI mahAvIranA kaivalyasthAna, ane bIje divase caturvidha saMghasthApana karyAnuM sthAna, be bAreka yojanAnA * aMtaranA zAstrIya purAvA 311, 114, 300 zrImahAvIranA nirvANAne stupa karAve che evuM zAstrIya kathana, 311 zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANuM ane temaNe karelI gaNadharasthApanA, ane madhyama apApA nagarImAM ja thayAM che evuM zAstrokta kathana 339 rAjapiMDa ane sAdhuonA saMbaMdha vize vizeSa zilAlekha purAvA 113, 118, 119-20, 121. 131 rUpanAthanA khaDaklekhanA sthAnanuM mahatva, 325 Lovest temple city nuM nAma vidvAnoe zAmATe ane kone kahyuM che. 24ra che vajubhUmi-vizeSaNa ane vizeSanAma-te benA bhedanuM tathA sthAnanuM vivecana 333-4 vaddhamAnapura-ANaMdapura ane dhruvasena (jaina sAhityamAMnA)ne lagatuM kAMIka, 124 zakasaMvata jaina ke ajaina te jANavA pUrNimAMta ane amAsAMta paddhatinI upayogitA, 271 zakasaMvatanI utpatti jaina hovA chatAM, teNe zAmATe ane kayArathI vaidikarUpa dhAraNa karyuM 270 tavahana vaMzanA dharmane lagatI carcA 124, 144. zatruMjaya tIrthanA uddhAramAM rAjA hAla sAthe bIjAM kAnAM nAma joDAyelAM che, 244 zilAlekhe ubhA karavAmAM rAjakIya nahIM paNa dhArmika dRSTi ja kAraNabhUta rahetI 181 zuMgavaMzI rAjA bhAga-bhAnumitranA dharma jhanunanuM dRSTAMta 196 sudarzana taLAva baMdhAvavAmAM rAjakIya dRSTi vidvAna batAve che te vyAjabI che ke, sAMcIno stUpa ane staMbhanA pRthaka aMgenI keTalIka vicAraNuM 245-7 sAcIstUpa zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANa sthAna che tenI batAvelI satyatA 310 sAMcasthaLe caMdragupta dIpaka pragaTAvavA dAna dIdhuM che tenuM samajAveluM mahatva 211 sAMcItRpa jevAja Abehuba bhArahata stUpanuM varNana 312 sAMcI te saMcI ke sAcora-tene lagatI carcA 329 "saccari maMDaNanuM saccauri kayAM AveluM kahI zakAya 330 sAMcImAM dAna ApanAra koNa?-caMdragupta pati temaja tene Azrita-ane vyaktinA ane samayanA bhedanI carcA 337-8 svapanA guMbajanA mApane Apela khyAla 314, (14) sAMcI-bhisA mukAme zAtakaraNie dAna dIdhuM che teno tathA tenA samayano ullekha 92 rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRttinuM karela varNana 238 thI 247 rAjA hAlanuM nAma kayA kayA dharmatIrtha sAthe saMkaLAyeluM che, 247 260 rAjA hAlane dharma jaina hatA evA vidhavidha purAvAnI khAtrI, 264 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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zuM? ane kyAM ? a neTA-kesamAM je AMka che te TIpaNane ane kaeNsa vinAne AMka te pRSThane samaja. je AMka bleka TAIpamAM che te prazasti, prastAvanA AdinA pRSTha mATe samaja. amarAvatI: (varaMguLa) 39, 41, 68, (68) 70, akabara : 106 (70), (71), 2, (3ra), 73, 04, 112, akendrita rAjatva 18, 27, 28, 65. 19, 142, 128, 129, 150, 15ra, 160, 162, 164, 158, 161, 167, 172, 181, 188, 189. 170, 171, 12, 173, 174, 195,216, agnihotrI: 51 217, 225, 227, 244, 247. egnimitra 4 (52) (57) 65, 70, 80, 82, amarakoSaH 106, 206, 213. 83, 84, (84), 85, (85), 86, 90, 149, amitraketuH 299. 186, 148, 192, 194, 195. amitraghAta : 299. ajamera: 118, 215. amerIkA 228. ajAtazatru: (52), 297, 298, 200, 303, 312, amoghavarSa: 270. 319. ayamaH 41, 71, 73, 131, 133, 170, 171, ajhIjhaH 238, 275. 200, 201, 217, 239, 275. ajhaTa : (ajanTA) 247. AyudhdhAjha : (ayodhyA) 122, 315, 316, 317. anuddha : 116, 238, 253. aravaliH 83. , (pura) : 235, 306, (306), 315. arabisamudra: 117, 147, 253. aniSTha karmanaH 213 araba: 370. anAmalAI yunIvarsITI 296. arabasthAna: 277. anupa: 103, 121: ariSTakarNaH (gautamIputra zAtakaraNI) 26, (29), aparAntaH 116, 117, 121, 139, 25. 35, (36), 37, 41, 70, 71, 127, 144, apilaka 29, 30, (37) (65). 190, 208, 209, 211, 213, 217, (22) apApApurIH (010). 228, 229, 280, 287. aphagAnistAna : 78, 184, 270, alhAbAda ne sthaMbha lekha 16, 108, 53. abrAhmaNaH 56, 144. alekajhAMDaraH 56, 64, 165, 166, 169, 218, abulaphajhala : 106. 291, 296, 297, 298, 299, 302, 35. araba : 270. alekajhAnDrIyA H 279. arabasthAne 277 avaMti : 40, 59, 70, 80, 83, 83, 93, 94, abhaya : 303. (94), 103, (103), 110, 114, 116, abhayakumAra : 166, 226. 120, 121, 122, (149), 162, 17, amarAvatIne zilAlekha : 111. 180, 184, 185, 186, 192, 204, 2017, amarAvatI stUpa 164. 126, 247, 215, 216, 222, 223, 227, 228, 234, mahAmaitya; 244, 235, (239), (248), 249, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhArata ]. zuM? ane kyAM? I ii atipatIH 9, (56) 5, 66, 27, , 74, Avi : 36, 40, 186, 194. pa9, 104, 115, 16, 12, (15), 90, Apilika juo pilika 1, 280, 282, 284, 286, 287, 10, AhAra : 107. 311.. asaka : (a) 103. Indra, devaH 19ka. asikaH 13. indradinnaH (12). aka, 64, 65,,(78), 89, (82), (lazka), 149, indrabhUti 309. 165, 12, 17, 186, 200, 297, 299, inDo-pAthiyane H 204, 227, 238, 275. 300, 301, 2, 303, 304, 305, inDasIthIyana : 203. 306, 317. IrAnaH 1ra0, 214. azoka vardhana: para, 8, 156, 161, 162, 167 ilUrA: 107. 172, 178, 185, 291. IlUraka: 107, 247. azvameghaH 40, 65, 70, (79), 80, 83, 84, IlarAH 89, 219. 85, 143, 152, 185, 148, 199, 264, isvI saMvata : 251. 318. ikSavAku: 117, 131, 147, 164. : mAM IkSavAku vaMza 57, (57), 58. AkaraH 93, 234. IzvaradattaH 25, 26, 108, 110, 122, (245) AkAra: 103. 268, 285, 286. Agama sutra: 196 IzvaraseH 124, 132, 134, 286. ANaMdapura : 123, 124. ANaMdagiri (124). ujeni: 29, 33, 35, 148, 15, 204, 205, AnaMdaH 4. 215, 219, 253, 304. Anarta : 121. "uttamabhadra: (kSatrIya) 118, 131, 215. AnartapuraH (124) utiyaH 300. AlikaH juo apilaka. uttarahiMdaH 23, 204, 222, 227, 22.. ApilikaH 26, 40, 140, 186, 194. udayA, 116, 233, 234. Abu (51) (83). udayana bhaTa : 166, (243), 253, 303. Amira 25, 26, (51) (101), 108, 109, udayagiri : (25) 306, 315. 110, 123, 132, (245) 269, 285, 286. uSAvadAta H 117, Arya prajA 109, 123. . Arya khapUTaH 241, (241),242, 245,29,280 enTIAlasIdAsa : 195,(239) Arya-mahAgiri : 80, (12), 119. enTIkinI H 3,02. Arya-suhasti? (80),(83), (12), 119, 298. enTonIyasa pAyasa : 279. Arya-susthitaH (12) enTIyoka : 302. Arya supratibaddha (102). epAIrasa (elekajhAMDara) 302 khAyadAjhaH 015. elo . 107

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382 ] e aiterIya brAhmagrantha : 3-5, 45. A AkhA : 113, 132. Adraka : (48), 1908 orIssA : 100, 130, 222. a aMga : 90, 91, 148, 149, 153. aMdeza : 7, 225, 219, 320. zuM? ane kayAM ? AMdhra : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, (9), 10, 17, 45, (48), 50, (226) aMdravaMza (2) aMdhrapati : 4. aMdrabhRtya : 2, 17, (17), 18, aMtaraMjikA : 41, 195, 211, aMgIyakulavana H 89, 90, 91, 146, 150. aMjana savata : 30, AMdhra : 2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 17, 23, 24, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, (49), 50, (50), 6, 69, 73, 96, 143, 15, 157, 160, 108, 219. aMdravaMza : (9), 18, 22, 25, 28, (29), 30, 31, (50), pa, 66, 68, (71), 89, 90, 21, 96, (97), 115, 169, 252, 265, 282 dravaMzI rAjA : 12, 142, 185, 275. AMdhraprA : 2, (2), 3, 6, 7, (7) 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 45, 46, (48), 39, (49), 50, 51, 58, 92, 93. AMdhrabhRtya, : 2, 19, (19), 25, 26, 27, 28, (28), 29, (29), 30, 31, 32, (36), 37 (37), 59, 60, (65), 66, 77, 81, 137, 142, 111, 187, 273, 286, 287. aMdhrapati : 4, (17), (25), 26, 27, 28, (28), 29, (29), 30, (30), 31, 32, 35, (36), 37, (37), 47, 54, 60, 62, 63, (63), 64, 65, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 64, 77, 78, 95, (25), 96, (104), 105, 106, 109, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [ prAcIna 120, 121, 137, 143, 144, 145, 147, 150, 153, 154, 156, 157, 161, 162, 163, 167, 168, 101, 172, 173, 178, 181, 183, 188, 189, 190, 194, 191, 199, 200, 201, 204, 205, (207), 208, 211, 213, 220, 222, 223, 225, . 226, 258, 259, 264, 265, 256, 267, (267), 268, 271, (271), 279, 280, 281, 282, 284, 285, 286, 307, 311, 318. AMdhraprajA : 2, (2), 3, 6, (3), 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 45, 46, (48), 49, (49), 50, 51, 58, 22, 93. AMdhrapati : 4, 17, (16), 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 (29), 30, (30), 31, 32, 35, (36), 37, (37), 47, 14, 53, 62, 63, (63), 64, 65, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 77, 78, 25, 95, 96, 104, 106, 107, 109, 110, 121, 137, 143, 144, 146, 148, 153, 154, 156, 157, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 101, 102, 173, 178, 181, 183, 188, 189, 190, 194, 191, 199, 200, 201, 204, 205,200, 208, 211, 213, 220, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 229, 249, 25ra, 256, 258, 25, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 271, (271), AMdhrapati H 279, 280, 281, 282, 284,285, 276, 303, 311, 518, AMdhrabhRtya H 6, 18, 19, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, (29), 30, 31, 32, (35), 37, (37), pa9, 60, 65, (65), 66, 77, 85, 137, 142, 111, 187, 283, 286, 287. AMtrapati (50) AMdhra sAmrAjya H 142, (148), 148, 151, 161, 172, 228, 258, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa) zuM? ane kyAM? [ 383 kaliMgapati H (), 30, (52), 2, 3, 4, 5, kApA zahera : 7. 73, 100, 117, 139, 153, 156, 171, karNadeva : 270. 16ra, (185, 213, 222, 23, 229, karNATa, 50, 204. 272, 239, 243. kathAsarita sAgara : 5, 203. kaliMgAdhipati : 11. kardama H (19) kaliMgane zilAlekha : 179. kardamIla : (19) kaliMgasenA ; 204, 232. kaba : (52), (107), (19), 117, 130, 139, kalyANI : (125), 239. 147, 252, 253, 270. kazapa : 311. kadaMbagiri : (125) kaLalAya mahAraThI : 89, 90, 258. kadaMbajAti H (46), 40, (49), (50), (51), (para), kAkatiya : (49) 110. kArjika : 121. kadaMba rAjA : 117, 117, 131, 253. kAThiyAvADa : 115, 122, 123, (124), 265. kadaMbalipi : 50, (50), (51), (52) kArtikeya deva : 56. kadaMbakSatriya 285. kAnaDA : 10, 116. kanIyaDAkA sArIkA : 124. kAnArA : 48, 55, 116, 139, 258. kaniSTha : 122, 475. kAyaniSidhi : 311. kavavaMza : 47. kAravAra : 8, 47,55, 151, 258. kanyAkumArI : 162, 165, 167. kAradamaka: 108, 109, (19), 252. ka7 : 121, 281. kAradamaka vaMza: 107, 108. kaherI : 55, (101), 115, 200. kArUra 215, 216, 219, 228, 275, 279. kaherI guphAo : 247. kArlA (kArlo): 99, 107, 121, 128, 129, karInA zilAlekha : 4, (42), 43, (52), 12, 131, 132, 134, 171, 200, 244. (103), 113, 125, 127, 130, 133, kArlenI guphAo : 247. 134, 161, 217, 244, 284, 285. kanhagiri H 123. kAlikasurI : 41, 80, (80), 186, 185, 211, 214, 216, 128. karajaka : 99, 128, 131. kAlikAcArya : (10), 196. karajata (89), 128, kAlidAsa: 106. kanvarajAti : 40, 55. kAzmIraH 204, 235, 307, 304, 305. kalkI saMvata pravartaka : 258. kAzamIrapati : 207. kalacerI : (50), (51), (52) (124), (125), kAzyapagotra : 311. 132. kaliMga H 8, 40, 48, 49, 5, 59, 10, (60), kAzI : 263. 61, 68, 82, 90, 90, 100, 136, 140, kAzIputra: 195. kArlApaNu 118, 119. 141, 143, 147, 15ra, 153, 154, 165, 167, 178, 180, 181, 182, 24, 214 kALAzaka : (53), (19) 215, 216, 217, 235, 237, 27. kALo parvata H (103).

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384 ] zuM? ane kyAM? kAkA : 12, 1ra. kuNAla : 304. kula: 26, 41, 204, 25, 207, 232, 233, 237, 238, 261, 262. kuMtala zatavahana : 2017. kuMtala-zAtaka; vikramazaktiH hAla vikramAdityaH 2. 41, 207, 23, 237. kuMtala: hAla zAlivAhana H 259, 262. kumAra : (57) kumArapALa : (243). kulAnaMda : 116. kulaeNpa : 122. kuzanamuLa : 119. kuzanavaMza : 114, 162, 262, 264, 268, 269, 271, 275, 276. kuzAna saMvata : 20. kusthana : 304. kepa kAmerInaH (48). kendrita bhAvanAH 30, 85, 189. kenerA : 13*, 141. kenerIjha: 49, 50. mazIna (38) keTa-prajA (48) kelahApuraH (39), (47), 49,95, 149, 142, kerAmAMDala : 168, 188. ketakarSakaH 35ra. kakeyAdhipatiH 331. keTavarSa : 352, 353. kaivalya: 313, 326. kevalya darzanaH 28. kaivalya prApti H 314. kevaLajJAna : 313, 326, 327, 28. kebIja : 330. kezaba : 225. kauzAMbI : 178, 225, 321, 323, 24, 32, 328. kezalA : (52), 3ra3, 332, 3. kezalapatiH 312, 331. kauDInyaH 84, (84) kalAMbIpatiH 319, 322. kaMbojha : 120, 244. kAMcI-kAchavaramaH 288. kaMcanamALI : 346 kaMcanapura : 323, kaMkALAtile 351. zrIkRSNa (%): 26, (33), 54, 63, (63), 64, | (64), 89, 91, 126, 138, (138), 139, 147, 141, 146, 148, 15ra, 158, 161, 162, 164, 12, 176, 178. zrIkRSNa pahele, vAsiSThaputra, vilivAya karasaH (38) 66, 76, 156, 157, 163. zrIkRSNa bIjo H gautamIputra, aMdha sthaMbha : 41, 68, 157, 224. zrIkRSNa zatakaraNaH 157, 163. kRSNagiri (kaherI) 103, 125, 133, 144, 247. kRSNa maMdIra : 84. kRSNa zaila : 113. kRSNa : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 55, 7, 63, (63), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 72, 70, 76, 89, 91, 100, (101), 112, 117, 128, 130, 131, 150, 152, 162, 168, 171, 172, 225, 307. kosa ane bela. sikkA cInDa: 283. kha khatarI : 56. khatiya-dapamAna madana : 55, 26, 58. khaDaka lekha : 305, 313. khaka: 313. kharoSTI : (120) khAravela : 4, 6, 7, 8, (8), 9, (9), (22), 48, 49, (48), 54, 60, 61, (61), 62, 68, 69, 72, 75, 100, 112, 117 129,

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bhAratavarSa ] zuM? ane kayAM? [ 385 130, 143, 141, 143, 147, 150, 151, godAvarI : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 54, 55, 59, 153, 154, 168, 171, 172, 185, 26, (68), 69, 70, 70, (101), 110, 126, 239, 240, 243, 147, 308, 311, 318 142, 150, 171, 191, 20, 23, 222, 35ra. 247, 312. khetAna 305. genAI geDa) H 79, 204, 343. khoTAnaH 304. gopAlazreSThI H (10) gomaTa : 339. gomaTezvaraH 338, 339, 341, 353. gardabhIla: 227, 228, 279, 343, gavaradhana; (96), 86, 97, 98, 99, 105, 118, gaI bhIlavaMza : 8, 33, 34, 4, 94, (17, 200, 216, 312. 106, (115), 173, 27, 204, 26, govAH 253. 252, 280, 281. gardabhIlavaMzI vikramAditya zakAri H 206, 2017, gavaradhana samayaH 127, 171, 191, 201, 244, 247, 249. (207), 215, 249. geDaphAranesa : ra76. : gardabhIlapatiH 282. gatamIgotraH 56, 146, 278. gaMdharvasenaH 8, 279. autama gotra : 41, 164, 220. gaNataMtra H 85, 86, 189, 254. gaNarAjya 27, 142, 158, 181. gautamIputra: 11, 27, 30, 33, 35, 36, 39, gAthA samasatiH 34, 106, 129, 2334 (39), 40, (40), 42, 43, 24, 2, 3, gijhanavI : 270. 65, 66, 70, 71, 2, 4, 6, 80, 81, girinagara (junAgaDha)H 126, (98), 99, (99), 100, (100), 12, 103, giranAra H 115, 12, (124), 229, 324, 331 (104), 105, 108, 170, 176, (177), gujarAta : 25, 83, 115, 173, 190, 205, 187, 200, 202, 208, 209, 214, 216, - 214, 269, 274, 275, 281, 282, 284. 217, (218), 221, 222, 223, 225, gujarAta rIsarca InsTITayuTa = 355. 239, 244, 247, 259, 26, 275, gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAyaTI : 355. 276, 282, 283. gujarAta sAhitya sabhA : 355. gautamIputraH vilivAyakurasa-zrIkRSNa bajeskaMdhasthaMbha gurjarezvara : 253. 157, 163, 176 guNasuMdarasUrI : (80) autamIputra yajJazrI pulumAvIH 114, 115, 279. guNADhaya : 106, 23, 235, 237, 259, 261, juo pulumAvI. 262. gautamIputra-vilivAya-kurasaH 94, 96, 172, 218, guMdA : 132, 134. 219, 220, 224. guMdIvADa : 307. autamIputra zrI-zAtakaraNa : 111, 112, 114, guptA : 114, (124), (125), 247, 268, 126, 133, 134, 218, 273, (274), 269, 271, 281, 337, 338. 278, 281, 287 juo; zAtakaraNa zrIyaza gokarNapura : 25. gautamIputra Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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386 ] zuM? ane kyAM ? 1 amIna autamIputra sAtakaraNI=ariSkarNaH 94, 5, 6, cakaNavaMzaH 4, 22, 25,(26), (28), ra9,30, (37), (96), 97, 98, 100, (100), 101, 104, 43, (43), 72, 114, 114, 121, 12, 121, 127, 128, 11, 134, 176, 190, (124), 124, 268, 269, 271, 27, 281, 200, 205, 26, 207, 213, 215, 218, 284, 285, 312. 219, 220, 227, 249, 26, 273, 274, caSThaNa saMvata : 279, 285. 275, 277, 280, 287. camarendra : 327, 328. autamIputra zakAri vikramAditya : 206. caturvidhasaMdha : 314. autamIputra zIvarkaMdha : 283. caturvizati prabaMdha : 241. autamIputra rANIbaLazrI : 101, 257. cANakya : 18, 19, 64, 85, 86, 7, 12, autamabuddha : (6) (142), 149, 153, 156, 158, 11, gaMgA :256, 315, 316, 320, 321, 322, 192, 165, 166, 172, 192, 297, 299, 346, - 342, 345. gaMjAma : 7, 222. cAlukayo (aulukyo) (51), (52), (125) gaMdhAra : 120. cAlukaya saMskRti : (51) gAMdhAra : 339, 343, 344. cAmuMDarAya : 339, 340, 341, 342, 243. gAMdharvasena : 215. cArUvAjI : 178, 179grIka : 104, 166, 167. citaladurga : 90, 17. grIka itihAsakAra : 296. caturaH 68, (68), 70, (70), grIka elacI : 167. cIna : 301, 205, jhIka bAdazAha : 166. cinA : 112. vAliyara : 83, 16, 321, 340. cinAI turkasthAna : 1. ca caTa (cU 8) : 116, 117, 252, 253. cakulAnaMda : 116. cakera : 27, 42, 103, 287. cuTukAnaMda (4) (para) 55, 75, 91, 139 cakravartI : 318. 140, 141, (148, 257. caturaNa : 278: cuTukaDAnaMda : 116, 117, 130. catrapaNa : 42, (42), 173, 224, 28, 279, cuvaza : (148) 254. 281, 283. cuTuzAtakaraNa : 116, 117, 130. catrapaNa zAtakaraNI vAsiSThaputra : (92), 111, 129, ceTaka (47) 134, 273, 274, 279, 281. cedIza: 313, 333. catrapaNa hAla : 287.. ceThIvaMza : 136, 140, 150, 151, 11, 0rara. caSThaNa : 25, 29, (36), 43, 74, 75, (10) cedIsaMvata : (124) 108, 109, 110, 114, (114) 115 caityaH 51. (115) 116, 122, 132, 173, 205, 207, cairaciMdho : 278. 25, 261, 264, 274, (274) 28, 279, coTIlA : 12. 281, 282, 287, 347, 348, 350, 351. cAravADa : 330, 331.

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vAstavamAM] zuM? ane kayAM? [ 387 celA : 139; 143, 162, 148, 149, spara. caulukyavaMza : 266, 269, 270. caurarvigho = 78. caMprata : 309, 10, 336. caMDAzaka : 169. caMdazrI-zrIcaMda : 27, 111, 112. caMdanA : 327. caMdanabALA : 328. caMdazahera-caMdAcAMdA : 7, 8, 948) (%) , pa0, 157, caMdra (51) caMdraguptaH 2, (2), (17), 69 39, 41, (7), (para), 59, 1 63, (63) 64, (*), 6, 94, (101), 112, 113, 123, 26, (137); (142), 149, 15ra, 56, 158, 160, (16.0), 61, 12, 166, 167, 168, 19171. (171), 172, 208, 29, 234, 238, 239, 240, 243, 248, 291, 296, 297, 298, 299, 305, 306, 309, 10, 311, 326, 336, 337, 338, 379, 342, 35. caMdragiri : 242. caMdralekhA : 232. caMpa: 319, 30, 323, 324, ai7, 328. caMpAnagarI : ra5 (313) a14, 421, 22, - 324 325, 3, 53. caMpArI : 13. jagayApeTa stUpa : 117, 131, 133, 164 jajachagasUrI : 287. jabalapura : 313, 324, 35, jamanA : 321. jamagrAma : 326. jayapura : 6. jarAsaMdha : 323, jAtaka kathAo : 48. jAnhavyAM : 320. jasadaNa : 72, 13, 132, 134 jIjasaMkrAIsTa : 250. jItazatru H 331. jesalamira : 83. jena : (20), 30, 40, 41, 42, 49, (49), (51), 6, 70, (8), 80, 101, 17, 198, 19, 200, 209, 213, 240; 244, 248, 293, 303. jena AcAryaH 34, 41, 24. jaina dIkSA : (171), 241. jaina maMdIra H ra70, (270). . jaina dharma : jaina. saMpradAya. 3, 39, 81, 82 83. (83), (84), 84, 86,94, 9, 10, (10) (102), 114, 114, 12, 124, 128, 133, 143, 145, 15ra, 177, (11); 184, 185, 186, 191, (191), 194, 15; 196, 199, 200, 209, 226, 245, 247 (257), 267, 264, 292 3.04, 308, 312, 314, 318, 324. jaina sAdhuH (101), 119, 195, 353. jaina sAhitya : 16, 34, 39, 75, 81, 204, 210, 211. jaina sUtraH 245. jaina saMskRti : 268, 270. junnaraH 4, 39, 55, 8, 70, 71, (101), 131, 143, 142, (142), 171. junAgaDha : 2, 21, 123, 12, 134, 244, 275, chata: 246. chattisagaDha: 15. channamaNuH 190. chammAMNI : 27. chInnAne zIkhAlekha : 39, 112, 130, 133. choTAnAgapura 68. citAmaNI 329.

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= === = 388 ] zuM? ane kayAM? [prAcIna jodhapura : 83. tumaya : 302, bhIkA : 327. teliMgaH 49. jaMbhIyagAmaH 325, 326, 323, 328, (28). telugu 2, 3, 5, 45, 46, 48, (48), 50, jyeSThArAma zarmA: 316, 317. (50), 51. telaMgaNa 6, 8, (48) 73, (226). jhAMsI : 321. ametika: 34, 348, 350, 351. tranakayio : 89, 91. trikaliMga : 90, 322. ToDaramala : 106. tricIne polI: 188. TelemI (grIka bhugoLavettA) 104, 114, (114), trirazmiH 69, 96, (96) 101, 124, 129, 278, 279, 302. 131, 132, 171, 200, 216, 244, 245, 247, 312. DravIDIyana : 2, (2), 3, 45, (48). trirazmi zRMgaH 115, 118, 127. DrImeTrIyasa : 84, 268. saiphUTakaH (269) raikUTaka vaMzaH 25, (101), 110, 124, 132, DhaMkagiriH 124. - 133, 134, 244, 26, 270, 285. trakUTaka saMvatsara 124. taraMgavati : 237. airAzikaH 211. talaguMdaH 117, 131. talavAha nadIH 48, (49). " dattarAjA (243), 244. takSalA : 195, 225, 227, (239), 306, 315. dadhivAhanaH 319, 321, 323, 325, 327. tApI ? 215, 228, 282. dazaratha : 89, 304, tAmIla: 14, (48). dakSamitrA : 119, 131. tibeTa : 188, 191, 303, 305. dakSiNa hiMda. 3, 24, 29, 46, 48, (48), 50, tiryaMca 198. (50), (51), para, 53, 54, 55, 59, (60), tivara : 181. 64, 65, 71, 73, 76, 78, (79) 80, tivala : 178, 179, 180. 81, 84, 85, 19, 116, 122, 136, tirakAmaThAMH (sIkkA cinha) 162, 219. 139, 147, 141, 150, 162, (162, tissA : 303. 165, 167, 169, 170, (171), 17ra, tiSyarakSitA : 78. 179, 148, 149, 199, 191, 194, 204, tIrthaH 245. 209, 211, 222, 234, 257, 262, tIrthakara H (1-2), (145), 177, 18, 324. 263, 268, 269, 270, 271, 275, 286, tIrthadhAma (jaina) 247. 300, 339, 340, 352. turkastAna : 188. dakSiNa patiH 185, 249. tuMgabhadrA : 7, 25, 26, 68, 7, 143, 173, dakSiNApatha : 85, 121, 20, 222, 237, 281. 284, dakSiNApathapatiH 89, 101, 103, (104) 105, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] - zuM? ane kayAM? [ 389 106, (121) 127, 128, 134, 141, 185, metika jhAmetika, 122, 34. 186, 216, 220, 221, 222, 227, ivajapratiSThAH 243. * 224, 27, 281. : dakSiNApathezvara H 101,(101), (103),104, (14), nagarapati H 105. 105, 106, (121), 128, 134, 221, nagadaH 326. 223, 233, 234, 25, 274. nanaka: 349. dakSiNAdhipatiH 215, 220. narmadA nadIH 165, 215, 216, 228, 282. dAmajadazrI : 347. navasArI : 143. dAmasenaH 25, 110. navanagaraH (15), ra17, ra35, 238, rapa1, dinAraH 337. 258, 262. dina (102). navanagarapati : 235. dIpakaNuM: 208, 209, 211, 213, 256. navanara : (105). dihI yunIvarasITI : 26. " navanarapati 135, 104, 235. duryodhana : 323, navanara svAmiH 73, 105, 106, 217, 235, devagaDha: (83) 236, 238. devazuka: 121, 132, 216, 217. nahapANa kSaharATaH 5, (35), 40, 41, 66, 71, devapALa: 268. 2, 3, 4, 5, (84) 94, 5, (95), daMDakAraNya : 7. 96, 100, (100), (101), 106, (114), daMtapuraH 323. 117, 118, 11, 120, 121, 128, 131, drAviDIyana : 9ra, 137, 170, 171, 12, 173, 200.201, 216, 217, 218, 219, 20, 223, 27, dhanAvaha : 327. 238, 279, 240, 243, 244, 25, 249, dhanakaTaka: juo dhAnyakaTaka 225, 226. 260, 261, 264, 275, 276, (276), 277, dharma: 197. 282, 283, 312, 348, 349, (349), dharmazoka 303, 304. 350, 351, 353. dharasena : (trakUTaka) 124, 143, 134. (2 6. naLarAjA: 321. 287, nAgakanyA: (57). dhAnyakaTakaH (49), (68), 72, 147, 15ra. nAgArjunaH 41, 241, 242, 243, 245, 258, 259, 280. dhAravADa: (47), 258. nAganikA : 30, 33, 39, (53), 54, 57, 62, dhAriNIH 327, 328. 63, (63), 66, 71, 76, 89, 20, (92), dhuTukuLa : 253. 112, 126, 143, 146, 147, 148, 149, dhuLAnaMda: 140, 253. 151, 15ra, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, dhaulI jAgaDAne zIlAlekha: (para), (65), 2, 159, 162, 163, 22, 323. (82), 157, 167, 176, 177, (177), nAgadazakaH 253, 303. 178, 182, (22), 324, 345. nAgapUjAH 48, 49, (49), para, (52), 58, dhruvasena; 124, 252, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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30 ] zuM? ane kyAM? [ prAcIna nAgamUlanikAH 117. 138, 139, 40, 143, 14, 150, para, nAgara : 57, 198. . 154, 256, 66, 171, 233, 5ra, ha7, nAgarathika: 149. 318. nAgarAja : 257. niMdva : (17, 40, (49), (51), 53, , chaLa nAgavaMza (49), 143. 91, 150, 153, (154), 156, 297, 298 318. nAnAvATane zilAlekha : 4, 11, 30, 3, 42, naMdIgrAma : 327. (4ra 55, 3, (63), 89, 90, 9ra, naMdIvardhana, naMda pahelo: (52), 53, 11ddha, 139, (92), (93), 94, 111, 112, 126, 129, 140, 153, 166, 234. 33, 134, (13 6, 149, 157, 162, 163, 244, 323. paTaNI 225, 346. nArakI : 198. pataMjalIH 30, 40, 5, 60, 65, 77, 78, nArAyaNa: (51). nAsika ane tenA zilAlekhaH 4, 11, 30, 39, 79, (79), 80, 82, 184, (185), 186, 191, 192, 318, 343, 345, 352. 41, 4, 54, 55, 6, 69, (69), 77, padumAvI: 73, 236. 89, 91, 96, (96), 97, 98, 99, 100, padmAvatiH 323. (101), 110, 113, (113), 117, 119, pannavaNAkAra : 186. 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, pavannA Agama sutra : 196. 133, 134, 142, (142), 162, 163, paryuSaNa parva : 16. 170. 173, 200, 201, 217, 218, 219, parazurAma : 56. 220, 223, 225, 229, 238, 239, 244, parazIyana : 122. 257, 26, 275, 284, 285, 286, 353. 59havAjha: 19, (52), 122, 13, 147, 12, nAhaDa paramAraH 287. nikeTara selyukasa nIkeTara : 252, 275, 276. pasAdi 323. niliva : 703. pazupatiH 268, nijhAmI H 6, (48), 61, 68, 9, 150, 151, pazcima gaMdhAra . 343, 343. 178. pazcimaghATa : 143, 143. niSAda: 121. pazcima baMgALa : 333. niSadha deza: 321. pazcima bhAratavarSa: 202, 222. niSadhA : 246, 248. pazcima hinda: 162. nepALa : 268, 270, 303, 395. pazcima kSatraH 266, (269), 347, 350. nemIkumAra H 331. pATalIputra : 84, 139, 165, 167, 168, 25,. namIkaNuM 41. 227, 304, 305, 346. nemicaMdrAcArya : 340. pANini : 86, (120), 343, 344, 345, 35ra, naMda (9), 11, (11), 48, 51, para, (52), 13, 353. (53), 54, 55 paka, (56), 58, 6.0 62, pAdaliptasUrI : 34, 41, 237, 240 241, (241), 66, 68, 76, 116, 136, 137, (137), 242, 243, 244, 245, 259, 280. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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- - - = == = = == zistavarSa ] zuM? ane kayAM? [ 391 pAdaliptasthAnaH 243. 112, 114, (114), 116, 164, 224, 225, pAraDI (surata) : 124, 143, 134. 233, 234, 240, 27, 28, 279, 281, pAraNIyana : 122, 287, 307. pirasakuLa (phArasa : 346. pulumAvI-gautamIputra yajJazrI : 114 115, 279. khassI : 198. pulumAvI-yazrI zAtakaraNe gautamIputra ? 281. prArazIka : 204, pulumAvI-mIzrI zAtakaraNI vAziSTa putra 100, mAlavaMzI (79). 101, 102, 103, 10, 105, 106, 107, pAlitANuM : 24, 204, 242, 243. 108, (100), 128, 129, 134, 220, pAlItAna : 243. 221, 224, 239. pAlIstAna : 243. pulumAvI hA. juo hAla pulumAvI. pAlIsthAna : 243. jhulusAkkI : 344. pAvA : 327.. yulemA zIvazrI vasiSatra : ra3, 273, 247. pAvApurI : 309, (31), 324, 326, 328, mulemAna : 27, (028), 29, 330. pumAvI aMdumAna : 26, 74. pAzcAtya kSatrapa : (25). purvahiMda: 162. pArzvanAtha : 309. purvApasakavaMsi H 162. pAnAmahIlarsametAsIkhara : 24, pusapadu (49). piSApadaka :12, 15, 129. pRsApati (49). pUrNatsaMga : 26, 39, 163, 165. puskara : 118, 131, 21 pUrNamAMtamAsa : 271, purakarAvata : 20. purANa : 7, 19, 23, 24, 26, 27, 18, . puLamAI: 101. , brahmAMDa : 203. pizAvaraH 343. , bhAgavata : 213. piTa : (142). matsya : (24), 58. paTha: 39, 69, 70, 71, 3, 4, 151, 152, che yugapurANa (3), 8, 34. 170, 171, 172, 174, 225. , vAyuH (42), 58. paNa: 5, (9) 29, 33, 24, 68, 19, (19) , viSNuH 58, 19, (58). 70, 74, (9) 81, (101) (142) 175, purANakAra : (25), (2). 185, 217, 225, 235, 258, 262, 284. yurikasana-purisena paThaNapati : 255. arisena : 27, 42, 247. painaH (68) (30) purIvartA : 35ra. paina gaMgAH (0) yohita : (38, 70. paurANIka graMtha : 16, 19, 24, 47. pulakezI bIjo : (270). pakuDakaH 303. pulumAyI : 101. paMjAbaH 158, 16, 194, 78. pulumAvI : (39), 41, (42), 43, 6, (72, paMcadiH 327. cha4, 94, 7, 8, 108, (108), 114, pAMDavAta: 103.

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392 ] zuM? ane kyAM? [ prAcIna pAMDa : 323. baLabhAnuM : 80, 195. pAMcAla 123, 315. bAhubaLI : 338, 339, 340, 341. pAMDavA 143, 162, 148, 149, 235, 252. baLazrI: 11 (35) 41, (71) 72, (5) kahe, pAMDayArAja : 64. 101 (101) 12, 105, 106, 127, 128, prabaMdha ciMtAmaNIH 241. 170, 195, 202, 206, 207, 209, 210, pratiSThAnapura : 11, 39.68, 69 211, 213, 214, 217, 20, 223, 227, 174, 195, 279. (227) (229) 232, 234, 244, 245, pradeza rAjA=padezI=payezI : 331, 332, 333. 251, 25, 26, 274, 275, 276, 277. prayAga : 321. baLazrI gautamIputra H 257. prasenajIta : para, 312, 331, 332, 333, 346. bIkAneraH 83. priyadarzinaH (17) 18, 19, 25, 27, 28, 3, biMdusAraH (17) 64, 66, 73, 74, 70, (137) 40 (52) 18, 19, 60, 64 (64) 65 (65). 161, 162, 165, 166, 171, 102, 209, 66, 70, 72, 77 78 (78) (80) 82, 291, 27, 299, 301. " (12) (103) 104, (115) 119, 121, bIbIsAra : 72, 143, 226, 297, 305, 332. 149, 157, (160) 167, 168, 172, bIrabalaH 106. 176, 177 (177) 178, 179, 180, 181, bIrAra : 150. 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 188, 191, bIhAraH (09) 151, 161, 328, 333, 379. 192, 199, 235, 244, 248, 267, 268, bukarAya pahelAno zilAlekha : 268. 22, 33, 306, 313, 317, 324 (24) budelakhaMDa: 141. 330, 336, 238, 339, 340, 341, 342, buddha : 301, 336. 344, 345, 346, 348. buddha bhagavAna (76) 78, 243. buddhadeva * 27, 300, 307phatehacaMdaH 355. buddha saMvata : 298, 300, 301, 302. phArabasa sabhA : 355. che. bulacaMda 296. phAhiyAna: 320, 321. bepAravaizAliH 225. bejhavADA (49) 2, 73, 147, 128, 129, bANaH 106, 344. 152, 162, 225, 226. bama : 301. bennA (kRSNA) 71, 7ra. banavAsI : 130. benA kaTakaH 39, 71, 72, 73, 6, 97, 127, banArasa : 263. 15ra, 162, 195, 201, 216, 225, baravANIH 216. (226), 229, 236. balipuchaka : 59. benAtaTa nagara amarAvatiH 2, 73, 100, 226, balucIstAna : 184. 229. bArabArane zilAlekha : 318. belagAma (4) bahamanasa : 55, 26, 58. belArI: 5. baLamitra: 40 (40) 80, 186, 194, 195. badhIkumAra : 335,

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zuM? ane kayAM? dhivezaH 253 bhAvanagaraH 123. boTAda: 123. bhAsaH 196. baudhatharma=saMpradAya-3 (49) (51) 78, (78) 100, bhikhurAja (khAravela 14, 141, (141) 14ra. (101), 114, 145, 165, 185, 186, bhUtAnaH 303. 226, 247. bhUmaka kSaharATa 1, 119. 7, 131, ra, bauddha sAhitya : 75. 347, 348, 349, 5, 51. bauddha sAdhuo: 101, 12, bhisAH 83, 92, 93, 94, 17, 279, 14, baudha: 24ra. 334, 329, 330, 34. baMgALAH 90, (313), 319, 20, 326, 323, bhIla204, .. 324, 326, 327. bhillAtUpaH 239. "manaH 58. . bhegapuraH 327. bRhatkathA : 11, 106, 203, 237. ja: ra36. bRhastha : 80, 85, 344. bhASe H 150. bRhaspatimitraH 23, 75, 147, 145, 318. bhojadevaH 233. bahAgiri ane zilAlekho : 167, 303, 342. bhopAla sTeTa : 329. lAMDa purANu 203. bhRtya, kRtyAH 66, 85, 154, 159, 167, 12, brAhmaNakuLa : 194, 257. 179, 181, 185, 187, 286. bAhmaNaH 56, 57, (57), %, 9, 12, 137 bhaMgaDhaH 340. (144), 186. bhaMgadeza 35. brAhmaNadharmaH 124, 145, 263. bhaMgI : 196. : zAhmIH (120). maka-sIrIyA 302. bhagavata purANa: 213. magadha sAmrAjya: 8, 23, 53, 54, 55, 61, 2, #Araka: 269. 112, 116, 147, 148, 141, 152, 153, strIpAlikA, 91. 154, (154) 157, 158, 165, 1ba, bhadrabAhuH 39, (11), (12), 160, (160), (185), 252, 253, 254, 298, 305, 338, 339, 340, 34. 321, 323, 333, 336. bharAvanIya : 10. magadhapati; magadhasamrATa : 14, ra, (24), 30, bharUca : 242, 243. 53, 54, 58, 60, 67, 64, 66, 69, re, bhavabhUtiH 106. 76, 77, 116, 123, 12, 34, 138, bhAga (40), 194, 195, 279. 138, 149, 141, 143, 147, 153, 156, bhAgalapuraH (313), 31,32, 321, 323, 323, 161, 165, 169, 171, (185) 233, bhAnumitra: 4, (40), 80, 186, 194, 195, 291, 26, 297, 298, 29, 307, 312, bhAradUta : 326. 318, 335, 345, 35ra. bhAradUta sUpaH 306, 307, 308, 312, 13, madha mahAmaMtrIH 226. 314, 15, 325, 327, 328, 333, 34. maDApINA : 23. 50 . Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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394 ] zuM? ane kayAM? [prAcIna maca ra 103. mahAkezala : 61, (313), 319, 331. machama pAvA: juo madhyama epApA mahAraThi : juo mahArathI maNIprabha : 337, mahArathI : 89, 90, 91, 146, 148, 149, masyapurANa (24), 58 151, 153, 158, 252, 253, 323. mathurA 84, (84) 225, 227, 306, 312, mahArASTra: 25, 26, 116, 147, 150, 257. - 315, 33, 348, 35 mahArASTaya : 5. mathurApati : 311. mahAgiri H (102), 119. mathurA sihastaMbha: 348, 349, 351. mahAcetya : 100, 128, 226, 279, 244, 247, madrAsaH 5, (48) 222, 225, 307. 307, 308. madurA 4 (48) 188. mahAnaMdI H 172. madhyadezAdhipati : 200. mahAnaMda (naMda navamo) (17), 26, (56) 58, 62, madhyaprAMntaH 5, 70, (2) 141, 149, 150, 63, 64, 66, 74, 147, 153, 154, 151, 161, 190, 313, (313) 319, (154), 156, 157, 158, 16 1, 167, 324, 325, 326. 233, 345. madhyama apApA : 39, 10, (10) 11, 313, mahApa (naMda bIja): 30, (56) 56, 58, 134, 324, 327, 329. 137, (137) 138, 149, (139), 140, madhyama pAvAnagarI jAo madhyama apApA - 143, 153, 154. manamADa : 107, 109, 128, 247. mahAbhArata : 7, (19). manusaMhitA : 56. mahAbhajI: 117, 2para. marUH 121. mahAbhejakaH 148, 353. mayaNallAdevI : 253, 270. mahAvijaya : 226, 239, 308. mayura : 8, 106. mahAvijaya prasAda : 72, 226, 279. mayura piSaka: 156. mahAvideha : 145. malabAra : (48) ra35. mahAvIraH 78, (80), (83) 117, 144, 178, malayaH 103, 23, 204, 207, 233, 234, 248, 27, 300, 309, 310, (10), 235, 237. 311, 313, 314, 325, 326, 323, 328, malayavatI: 203, 204, 200, 232, 237. 329, 330, 333, 334, 342. malAyalama ? (48) mahAvIra saMvata : 117, 267, 298, 302, 303. mala : 143, 144, 25. mahAvihAra : 337. mahilakazrI zAtakaraNa, vadasatara 26, 33, 38, mahAsena rAjAH 309, 310. 64, 5, 66, 71, 143, 15ra, 158, 161, mahAsana vanaH 309, (39), 310, 3ra9. 162, 163, 165, 172, 183, 184, mahAhakusarIH 91, 92, (92), 233. 188, 190. mahAkSatrapaH 103, (177), 186, 205, 252, malavali : 16, 130. 285, 346, 347, 349, 350, 351. maskino zilAlekhaH 176, 178, 179, 180, mahisaraH juo maisura 181, 182. mahuH 215. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSe ] mahendra : 41, (57), 103, 165, 209, 210, 232, 237. mahendra dIpakarNI : jIe mahendra mahendra zAtakarNI : 201. mAgazya : 8. mADharIputra : 39, (40), 64, 66, 75, 76, 94, 203, 200, 95, 96, 110, 127, 131, 143, 163, 164, 168, 172, 176. zu? ane kyAM ? mADharIgAtra H 160. mADharIputra zAtakarNI; jIe zAtakA~ mADharIputra. mAtharIputra; jue mADharIputra. mANIyAla stUpa: 306, (306), 315. mAnavyAsa geAtra : (51). mAmA H 99, 106. mAmAla : 99, 128. mAyAdevI : 346. mALavA : 83, 93, 127, 214, mALAdevI : 346, minenDara : 84, 268. misara : 191. mihirakula : (159). muMja : 236. muMDAnaMda : 91. muMda : 298, 335. muMbaI ilAkA : 150. mulavAsara (AkhA) : 72, 122, 132, 134. musATIva : 303. murzIdAbAda : 333. muzIkanagara : 8. muLarAja seAlaMkI : 124. muLavAsara : juo mulavAsara muLAnaMda : (47), (52), 15, 75, 91, 139, 140, 141, (148), 253, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat megasa : 302, megesthinijha : 167, 168, 169, 297, 299. meDhikA : 327. meDhiyagAma : 327. mebruvAhana : 333, medhasvAti : 26, 40, 41, 81, 194, 196, 199, 201, 224, (257). medhAsvAti : 36, (36). merUtugAcArya : 241. mAMgIra : 90. mAlayaleAkaH 118, mauryaprajA : 51, (51), (142), 143, 252. mAlavikA : 30, 40, (para), (57), 70, 85, 90, mA vaMza : (17), 30, 51, (51), pa9, 65, 66, 73, 149, 323. mAsadeza H 352. 77, (79), 80, 82, 91, 94, 112, 117, 123, 139, 153, 169, 172, 185, 186, 222, 244, 297, 298, 299, 310, 344. maiA sAmrAjya : 18, 79, 195, 304. mAya sAmrATa : 19, 64, 25, 167, 239, 248, 296, 337, mAya saMvata H 117, masAra : 215, [ 395 mevADa H 82, mesIDAnIyA: 302 maisura : (48) 90, 116, 117, 130, 131, 167, 235, 339. maitrakA : (125). mejhIjha : 268, 275. matalaka-pattalaka : 26, 232, 256, 287. mhe : 203, 200, 247, 249, 250, 25ra, 262, 267, 317. mRgendra : 200, 201. mRgendra=svAtikarNa=mahaeNndra : 26, 41, 205, 237, mRgAvatI : 327, 336. yamunA : 327. yavana : (137) 203, 217, 267, vanapati : 168. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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36 ] zuM? ane kayAM? [ prAcIna yavanarAja : 301, 302. rAjanagara : 169. yavana rAjyaH 165. rAjapiMDa : 353. yavanarANIH 167. rAjaputAnA : 115. yazodAmana : 25. rAjA : 201. yazovarmana : 233. rAjAvulaH (84), 261, 264, 148, 349, thagzrI : 27, 30, 3, 9, 43, (52), 62, 67, 350, 31. 66, 70, 71, , 76, 91, 26, 111, rAyapuraH 178. 112, 114, 114, 115, 126, 130, 177 rAvaNa ? (13). 134, 143, 148, 149, (149), 150, rASTi : (9), (50), (51), 150. 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, rASTikavaza : 270. 164, 307. rAkSasa : 57. yazrI zaitamIputra: 146, 147, 158, 171, 172, 2 H 253. 183, 190, (274). raktavarNa : 41, 213. yazrI gautamIputra pulumAvI: 114, 279. juvAlikA nadI : 325, 326, 327. yazrI gautamIputra vilivAyakurasaH 95, 96, 172, rUdra mahAkSatrapa : 100, 108, 285. 218, 219, 20, 224. rUdradAmana mahAkSatrapa : 4, (51), 72, 74, 75, yazrI zAtakaNuM maitamIputraH juo zAtakaNuM zrIyajJa (85), (103), 104, (104), 105, (105), autamIputra 107, 108, 109, 110, 114, 115, zrIya zAtakaNuM viziSTaputra juo zAtakaNuM zrIya (115), 121, 122, 126, 132, 134, vAziSTaputra. 173, (177), (223), 284, 285, 345. yAdava 330. rUdradAmAM : 346, 347, 348, (348). yukta prAnta : 30 rUbhUti mahAkSatrapa : 108, 109, 110, 122, yugapurANa (3), 8, 34, 213, 222. 132, 285, 286. yudhiSThira : 258, 264, rUdrasenaH 108, 19, 132, 134, 285. thorka : 330. rUdrasihaH 108, 19, 110, 122, 123, 132, heyAjhaH 121, 122. 134, 285, 347. pati : 268. rUpanAthane khaDakalekhaH 303, 313, 14, 324, sAmetikaH 34, 350. juo hametika 325, 327. rUmInDIyA 6 33. rajajuka: 328. rUSabhadatta zaka : 40, 77, (95), 96, (96), (11) ratalAma : 215. (113) 117, 118, 119, 121, 127, raMthAvatoga : 244. 131, 12, 133, 170, 171, 200, 21, rathAvata : (103), 171, 200, 244, 245. 215, 216, 217, 218,219, 238, 239, risepakaH 122, 132. 241, 243, 245, (245), 249, 260, rAjagRhI : 322, 328. 264, 275, (276), (277), 315, 353. rAjataraMgiNi (109). rUSabhadeva : 71, 75, 244,

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hA bhAjaa] zuM? ane kayAM? [ 37 rakSaH kSa. 103, 171, 200, 244, 245. varADi: (68) 70, (70) 73, 90, 141, 142, rakSavat 103, 11. 149, 150, 15, 190, 323, rUAvartaH 247. varAhamIhIra : 39, 160, 26 6. revatAcaLa 124. varAhasaMhitAH 8, 160. revAbudelakhaMDa: 61, 141. varaMgulaH 41, (49) 68, 2, , 4, 15, revA rAjya: 153, 15ra, 169, 10, 195, 225, 226, (22) rohagupta : 211. vallabha 269, 270, vallabhipuraH (125) lAdeza 204, (25) 228, 235, 26, 281, valuraka: 8, 121, 12, 129, 131. vasumati : 327, 324. 352, 353. vahinaraH 335. lilAvatI 232. vaziSThagotra : 76, 164. lichavi (47) 109, 122, 138, 143, 2para, vAcaspati : 41,56, 106, 146. ladara H 26, 36, 40, 186, 194. vANiyA: 188. vAyupurANa (42). vakragrIvaH 2, 151, 154, 153. vAziSThagotraH 41, 16, 146, 274. vagaDuprajA : (49) vAziSThaputraH 40, (40) 41, 42, (42) 43, vaja : (14) 65, 66, 72, 4, 75, (92), 101, 102, vajabhumi : 333, 334, 35ra. (103) (104) 146, 157, 159, 164, vAsvAmi(103). 176, 182, 184, 22, 27, 227, 224, vajasurIH (10(171) 244. 234, 244, 247, 148, 259, 24, 274, vajasenasUrI : (171). 276, 277, 278, 279 283, 244, vaSya : 311. 285, 287. vaNArasI: 322. vAziSThaputra kRSNa bIje juo kRSNa vAziSThaputra vatsa: 336, 337. vaziSThaputra capaNa sAtaka@I 111, 134, vatsagotrIH 1200 17, 273, 27, 279 vatsapati 321, 325, 334, 35ra. vAziSThaputra pule zivazrI : 27, 288. vatsadeza: 323, 335. vaziSThaputra pulumAvI juo pulumAvI vAziSThaputra vazrI: 146. vAziSThaputra zAtakaNa juo zAtakaraNI vAriSThaputraH vasatasa=vasatazrI. 63, 6, 76, (90) 112, 94, 104, 105, 17, 18, 19, 127, 129, 145, 146, 153, 154, 156, 157, 134, 207, 233. 158, 159, 160, 161 162, 163. vaziSThaputra zAtakaNuM pulumAvI 66: 6, 90, vasatazrI, malika zAtakaNuM : 143, 15ra, 162, 92, 9, 10, 107, 27, 104, 206, 165, 172, 221, 224. vardhamAnapurI--vaDhavANa: 124. vAziSThaputra sAtakaNa yajJazrI H 273, 283. varacI 343, 345. vAziSThaputra zAlivAna-catrapaNuM; 278, '. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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398 ] zuM? ane kayAM? [ prAcIna vAsudeva : 275. videhaH 8, 40, (47) para. 53. vAsavadattA H 335 (335) 336, 337. vidhyAcaLa H 68, 103, 165, 190, 204, 215, vAhaDaH 243, 244. rarara, ra35. 280, 281, 282, 323, 324, vAhikakuLa : 144. vimaLagIrIH (124) 244. vikrama : 24, 258, 271, 280. vimaLAcaLa : 244. vikramacaritra : 94, 207, 28, 281. viyuthaH 302. vikramAditya 196, 203, 204, 223, 236, 286. virajI (10) vikramAditya zakAri gardabhilavaMzI : 8, (29), 33, 34, virapurUSadatta: 117, 131, 133, 164. 35, 41, 70, 71, 94, (12) 106, 206, viravalaya: 168, 207, (27) 213, 214, 215 216 217, virAra : 194. 218, 222, 223, 228, 229, 235, 244, vilIvAyarasa gautamIputra kRSNa bIjo: 159 249, 250, 251, 252, 259, 260, 267, (159) 163.' 275, (276) 280, 287, 347. vilivAyakurasa, yajJazrI, gautamIputraH 39, (39), vikramazakti=hAla vikramAditya=kuMtala kuMtala zAtakaNI 40, (40), 62, 4, 5, 6, 142, 159, vizalazIla : 207, 207, 233, 237. (159) 172, 187, 218, 224, 233, 252. vikramasaMvata H 196, 249, 250 251. 262. vedazrI vedasiri : 89, 91. 266, 267, 268, 271, 277, 287. veNu : juo kRSNa : 72. vikramAditya zAtavAhana vaMzIH 202, 203, 206, vaijayaMtiH 96, 98, 99, 11, 173, 216. vikramAditya zadraka (207) 213. vaidika : 3, 40, 42, 43, 247. vikramAditya hAla=zAla-zAlivAhana=kuMtala vikrama- vaidikagraMtha : 34. zakti : 233, 237. vaidika dharma H (30) 77, 70, (9), 81, 85, vikRSNaH 41, 213. 86, 124, 143, 173, 184, 185, 186, vijaya : 27, 303. 191,(191), 194, 195, 196, 199, 211, vijayanagara : 7, 25, 29, 43, 68, 74, 116, 247, 287, 293, 318. 179, 193, 268, 284. vaidika sAhitya : 75. vijayAnagaraH juo vijayanagara vaidika saMskRtiH 270. vijayaMta nagara=vijayanagara : 116 vaideha : 8, 47. vijayAbhinaMdana: 258. vaina H (18), (70). vijaya staMbhane zilAlekhaH (e) vainagaMgAH juo vaina vijayeMndrasurIH 316, 319. vaizAlI : 25, 323, 328. vijAgApaTTama: 6. vaizya : 198, 329. vijayapaTTaNaH 225. viDavA stupa : 84. * vidarbhaH 40, (52) 70, 85, 90, 103, 194, vaMga 90. 234, 327. vaMza : 153, 323. vaMza : AMdhra juo AMdravaMza vidiyakurasa gatamIputra kRSNabIH 183, 224. vaMza-IdyAku 58. juo IvAkuvaMza

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bhAratavarSa ] vaMza kendra : 4 kavavaza kAradamaka jIA kAradamakava'zuM H 108. gardabhIlava za gardalIla 22 "" "" "2 !! ,, caNu : 4, 22, 25, (26), (28), 29, zaktizrI : 91, 126. 22 .. 39 30, (37). cedI : juo cedIvaMza : 140, traikUTaka traikUTaka vaMza : 250. nAma nAgava'za : (49). " " naMda sArya naMdavaza : 17, 30, 49, (51) mAryavaza : 17, 30. 39 zatavahana : jIe zatavahanavaza. zuMgava za. 29 22 "" zRMga vRddhirAja : 140, vRSabhasena : 78, 184, 185, (185). vRzaLa H 59. nRzalekhalI : 47. vaiyAvRttva : 327, zuM? ane karyAM? rA zaka: 8, 22, 32, 70, 95, 9, 114, 127, 133, 200, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 234, 250, 251, 258, 259, 260, 262, 266, 269 (269) 265, 29, 346, 347, 350, 351, 353, zakALa : 345. zaka pravartaka : 265, 274, zakarAjAo, zakapati, zakabhUpatie : 22, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 213, 214, 216, 223, 228, 249, 266, 201. zakasaMvata, zakasaMvatsara H 16, 17, 28, 29, 31, 35, (36), 37, 75, 234, 251, 252, 257, 258, 261, 262, 267, 265, 26, 267, 268, 200, 21, 275, 26, (276), 277, 286, 287, 350. zaka zAlivAhana : jIe zaka zAlivAhana, 77, 234, zasthAna H 266 zarmona : 94, 91, 127, 133, Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat zaka kSatrapa : 202, 206, 200, 221. zakAri vikramAditya : jIe vikramAditya zakAra. zaktikumAra : 69, 90, 92, 159, 233. [ 399 zata, zatavaMza, zatavahanava'za, zatavahana : 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, (11), 12, 13, (13), 15, (15), 16, 18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 31, 32, 46, 49, (49), 50, (50), 51, (51), para, (para), 13, 55, 56, 58, 59, (8), 73, 74, 75, 77, 80, 81, (92), 106, (103), 113, 115, 116, 125, 136, 137, 143, 144, 145, 148, 149, 151, 160, 164, 167, 170, 173, 174, 182, 186, 187, 189, 194, 195, 196, 202, 206, 217, 218, 219, 222, 232, 233, 235, 238, 239, 240, 244, 249, 252, 253, 254, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 286, 287. zatavAhana : 10, 15, (15). zatakaraNI : 2, 8, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 33, (52). zatavahana kuMtala : jIe kuMtala zatavahana zatAnIka : 319, 321, 322, 325, 327, 328. zatayAna H 1. zatasaraNI : 16. zatazrI : 145. zatruMjaya : 34, 94, 124, (124), 229, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 247, 252, 209, 346. zastrI : 232. zAka H 266, 267. zArka : 201, (271). zAphaTAyana H 345, 313. zAkya : 143, zAkamuni : 301. zAta : 2, (3), 4, (9), 9, 11, 12, 20,23, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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400 ] 34, 97, 111, 143, 144, (178), 217, 223, 259. zAtakanI H 89. zAtakaNi : 2, 9, (9), (10), 11, (11), 12, 14, 26, 27, 28, (28) (29), 31, 33, 35, (36), 39, 41, 42, (42), 43, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 85, 89, 90, 93, (93), (94), (91) 96, (96), 97, 98, 99, 100, (100), (101), 103, 104, 105, (10), 106, 107, 108, (108), 111, 112, 113, 117, 121, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 136, 147, 143, 144, 152, 167, 10, 172, 106, 177, 158, 109, 18, jJAnakaraNI : 181, 182, 183, 185, (185), 186, 189, 190, 191), 192, 196, 201, 202, 204, 205, 217, 234, 239, (245), 248, 264, 287, 311, 354. zAtakaraNI kuMtala : juo kuMtala zAtA~. zAtakaraNI zrIkRSNa 2 157, 173, 147, 190. taraNI gAtIputra ariSTakaryuM : 94, (95), 96, (96), 97, 98, 100, (100), 101, 104, 121, 127, 128, 131, 170, 176, 190, 200, 205, 206, 207, 213, 215, 218, 219, 220, 245, 249, 261, 273, 204, 202, 200, 227. sAtakaraNI gAtamIputra svAmI zrIyajJa-visIvAya kurasa : 95, 96, 111, 112, 113, 12, 130, 133, 134, 142, 146, 147, 15, 101, 172, 183, 190, 218, 224, 273, 278, 281, 282, 287. zAtakaraNI catrapaNu, vAziSThaputra : (92), 111, 134, 190. zAtakaraNI mADharIputra : 172, zuM? ane kAM ? Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat [prIna zAtakaraNI zrIkSika : jIe zrImalika zvetamA~, 165, 172, 123, 199. zAtakaraNI mahaeNndra : jIe maheMndra zAtakaraNI zAtakaraNI vAziputra : 94, 104, 106, 107, " 108, 109, 127, 134, 200, 224,233, 246, 247, 260, 273. zAtakaraNI vAgniputra pulumAvI : 92, (2), 94, * 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 134, 103, 260. zAtakaraNI zrIyana vAziSThaputra : 224, 273. zAtakaraNI gAtamIputra : svAmI zrIyana vilivAyakurasa H 95, 96, 111, 112, 113, 126, 13, 133, 134, 142, 146, 147, 158, 131, 172, 123, 192, 218, 224, 27, 28, 281 282, 287, zAtakaraNI zrImukha jIe zrImukha zatakastrI, 136, 171. zAtakaraNI hAla : jIe hAla zAtakaraNI : 94. kSAtavAna : zAlivAhana : 234, sAtavahana : 4, 9, (9) 11, 15, (11), 103, (103), 113, 116, 126, 143. zAtavAhana : 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, (11), 15, pa8, 89, 91, 92, 117, (136), 146,(202). zAtavAhana hAla jue. hAla zAtavAhana. zAla, hAla vikramAditya-zAlivAhana 16, 144, 243. zAlAkara : 343, zAlavAna : 2, 34. zAlavahana : 2, 16, 34, zAlavAhana : 2, 11, 15. zAlivAhana zaka : 2, 13, 16, 20, 23, 34, 57, (57) 58, 69, (2) (103) 106, 144, 195, 210, 211, 237, 234, 236, 238, 247, 249, 21, 231, 22, 258, 25, 260, 26, 262, 263, 265,267, 268, 270, 274, (276) 277, 278, 280, zAlivAhana vikramAkSyi kuMtala : 23. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bhAratavarSa ] zAlivAhana hAla, juo hAla zAlivAhana : 158. zAlizuka H 177, 180zAlahANu: 278. zikArapura : 117. zikAhAbAda: 330. zImuka H 11. zImukha : 11, 39, 47, 48, 90, (136) zImeAgA : 116. zilAlekha : 198, 300, 306. "" " 22 "" ,, nAzIkanA jIo nAzIka : 4, 11, 30, 41, 43. nAnAmrATanA jIo nAnAlATanA zilAlekhA. priyadagninanA, priyadarzina 58, (60) khAkharanA khArakhAranA zilAlekhAH 318, ,, murAya pahelAnA jue murAya pahelAnA zilAlekhaH 268. 23 : haDALAne jue, haDALAnA zilAlekha : 124. hAthINuMkAnA, jI hAthINuMkAnA zilAlekha. "2 dw " azAka : jIe azokanA zilAlekhA (78) kanherInA jue kanherI : 4, (42) 43, para, 55, (71) chInnAnA jIe chInnA : 39 jInheranA jIe jIbhera . zuM? ane kyAM? "" zivaH (51) 203. zivamaka H 111. zivaskaMdha : 27, 43, 283. zivadhavarmana : 117, 273. zivasvAti : 27, 42, 81,126, 173, 186,256, (257) 258, 261, 267, 264, 201, 287, zivazrI pulamA vAzikhriputra: 27, 43, 116, 273, 283, 287. zivalakusa : 163, 164, 187, zizukra : 11, (136) Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat zruMga : 185, 186, 344, 353. thaMgabhRtya : 60, 86, (142) thaMgapatiH 86. zuMgavaMza : (2) (11) 22, 30, (30) 40, (52) 65, 66, 70, 75, (79) 80, 81, 83, 84, 90, (92) 93, 143, 147, 149, 168, 173, 191, 194, (239) 308, 218, zudrakaH 206 207, zudraka vikramAditya nru vikramAditya zudrakaH 206, (207) zaiArIpura : 330, 331. zArIrAjA : 330. zaMkara: 256, 257, 262. zIvajI : 247. zeSa H 57, 257. zaivamArgI : (49). [ 401 zyAmaka : 127, 200, 328, zyAmAcA' nu kAlikasUrI : 186, zrI. bhagavAna zrI. AdyazaMkarAcArya : 270, 271, zravaNu khelagAla: 160, 339, 342. zrAvasti : 332, 334, 352. zrIkRSNa jue kRSNa : 33, 39, 43, (63) zrIcaMdra : 43, 111, 112. zrImuka : 201. zizunAga : 143, 144, zizunAgavaMza : 22, (49) 117, 143, 237, 238, zrIdra : 43. 290, 298, 335, zrIstana : 103, 51 zrImukha : 6, 8, 9, (9), (11), 22, (22), 23, 26, 30, 31, 33, 39, (47), (48), para, (para), 57, 54, 55, (56), 59, 60, 61, (61), 62, 63, (63), 66, 68, 69, 70, 75, 76, 82, 90, 112, 113, 126, 136, (137), 138, (138), 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, (150), 151, 154, 156, 127, 158, 170, 172, 174, 253, 254, zrImukha zAtakaraNI : 101; 318, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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E 402 ]. zuM? ane kyAM? [prAcIna zreNIkaH bIbIsAra : (52), (64), (137), 143, sitAmedha : 232. 144, 148, 149, 166, 226, 27, 298, siMdha : 204, 235, 346, 347. 301, 323, 326. siMdhunadI H 343, 346. tagIrIH zreSTagIrI : 103. siMdhu-saivIra H 121, 225, 334, tAMbikA : 352. sidAgIrI : 167, 342. siddhAcaLa=vimaLagiri H 124, (124), 24. sacaurI maMDaNa : 330. siddhArtha : 333. sata : 15. siddhapuraH 303. satakaNI = 15. siddharAja jayasiMha H (243), 253. satI : 15. simukha : 89, (136), 145. satyapura : 329. siriyA : 188, 191, 32. satyapura : 189, sivalakura zIvalakura : 95, 96. sadakana kaLalAya mahArathI : 90, 257. silona H 165, 166, 172, 253, 301, (306). sadakanI : 15. sisuka : 205. sadasata : 65. sistAna : 347. sasasati H 236. siMha : 178. samayasuMdara : 370. sihagiri H (102). samudra vijaya : 730, 331, siMhadvAra : 306. sameta zIkhara : 181, 324, 326, 345, 346. siMhadhvaja : (349). sarasvati devI 4 351. siMhala : 204, 222, 232. sahastrazAsane khaDaka lekha : 267, 302, 303. siMhaladipa H 191, 203, 233, 235, 236, sAketa : 315, 316. 249, 250, 251, 262, 301, 304. sAcAraH 328, 329, 330. siMhalapati : 303. sAta : 4, 15, 19, 256. siMhalamalaya : 204, 232, 237. sAtakaNa : 15. sihasUrI : 34, 266. sAtakarNa : 4. siMhasthaMbha : 348, 349, 350, sAtakaNuM zrIkRSNa : 157. sUDAberI : 233. sAtakarNa zrImalika : 26. sudarzana taLAvane prazasti lekha ? (60), (65), sAtapuDA : 7. (85), (103), 104, 105, 155, 122, sAtavAhana : 12, (202), (203), 241, 243. 123, 126, 129, 177, (177), 189, sAtavAhana vaMza : 205. 223, 238, 284, 345, 346. sAmalIpada 4 105, 129. suMdara : 27, 42, 287. sAranAtha stupa : (306), 315, 342. sunaMdA H 226. sAvarthIi : 332. supratibaddha : (83), (12). sAhIo : 346. subramanya : 56, sikAlekha : 06. subAhAya : 56..

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bhAratavarSa ] zuM? ane kayAM ? [ 403 subhadrA : 41, 29, 232. saMvAti saudAsa. 40, 196, 109. surata : 143, 134, saMcayapurI : 329, surA = 121, 234, 235. saMpratisaMbAtipriyadarzinaH (65), (8), (80), sureza : 57. 84, (83), 178, 179, 148, 244, 298, suvarNasiddhi : 242. 299, 304, 317, suvAstu 2 343. saMyukta prAnta : 263. suvizAkha : 122. saMvata saMvatsara-aMjanaH 300 suzarmana : 47, , , IsvIne 251. susumAra : 027, 328. , kalacurI (124), 132. susthita H (83), (12).. , capTaNa. jIo ca9Na saMvata : 12 suhasti : (12), 119. , , cedI. juo cedI saMvata : 124. senTrala provinsIsa H 323. juo gaiTaka saMvatsara : 124, seDhagIrI : 103. , buddha, juo buddha saMvata. sekaTisa : 149, 169, 291, 296, 297, , mahAvIra juo mahAvIra saMvata : 117, 299, 307, 31, 305, 306, 317, 14. 336, 345, , mauryaH 117. juo maurya saMvataH sazoka : 169. , vikama. juo vi. saMvata : 249 saMtavyanagara : 331, 332. zaka zAlivAhanaH 16, 17, 28, 29, seMnnaka nAga : 49, (49), (103). 31, 35, (36), 30, juo zakasevIya : 731, - zAlivAhana. selyukasa nIkeTara : (52) 64, 165, 167, 168, , , kSaharATa. juo kSaharATa saMvatsara : 11 169, 27, 299, 301. saMgichaH (47). 53, 143, 252, 253. sadAsa : 350. saMcAdri ghATa : 7, 61, 103, 117, 148, 247. sepArA : 70. sAMcI : 185, 215, 229, 244, 25, 247, sopArakanagara : 68, 24, 245. 252, 312, 314, 315, 316, 324, 328, somadeva : 207, 329, 337. solaMkI : 243), 253. sAMcI stupa : 41, 2, 92, 93, 94, (103), selaMkIvaMza : 200, 270. (185), 204, 239, (39), 246, 248, saubhadrA : 203, 237. 306, (36), 309, 310, 311, 314, saidAsa=saMdhasvAti : 40, 196, 199, 200, 201. 330, 337. sairASTra suraTha : 25, 42, 94, 103, (103), skaMdhagupta : 65, 66. 115, (115), 126, 10, 180, 203, aMdasvAti : 26, 25, 237. 204, 27, 214, 216, 229, 241, skaMdhasthaMbha=kRSNa bIje. 243, 244, 26, 275, (276), (277), aMdhasthaMbhI : 26, 40. ra79, 281, 282, 283, 284,346, 34I. stupaH ra29, 245, 246, 306, (306), 39, saMghamitrA: 165. 314, 329,

Page #428
404 ] zuM? ane kayAM? [prAcIna supa-amarAvatI. juo amarAvati stupaH306,407 hAla 26, 35, (35) (36) (42) 66,92, 211, , anurUddhapura , anurUddhapuraH 306 232, 234, 236, 238, (241) 244, 256, , udayagiri , udayagIrI stupaH 306 257, 258, 261, 262. , takSilA , takSilA; 306. hAla zAtavAhanaH 206, 208. , bhArahata , bhArata stupa : 306, 307. hAla pulumAvI vAsichiputra: 127, 129. hAla vAziSTIputra 279. , mathurAM , mathurA: 306. hAla vikramAditya=zAla-zAlivAhana=kuMtala zAtakaNuM stupa mANIyAlane juo mANIyAlastupa H306. vikramazakti : 207, 233. , sAranAtha juo sAranAtha stupaH (06). staMbha staMbhalekha : 178, 198, 245, 300. hAla catrapaNu vAsiddhiputraH 287. , sAMcI : (239) 264, 305, 342. hAla zAtakaraNI pulumAvI : 94, 144, 240, 253. syulIbhadraH (12) hAla zAlivAhana : (103) 106, 126, 144, 159, svastikaH (51) 190, (195) 209, 232, 240, 241, 247, 25, 251, 257, 262, 267, 274, svAmIH 113, 114, (114) 115, 281, 282, 280, 287. 286. hAlAraH 122, (124) svata : 348. hindI dvipakalpaH 188. svAti : 26. hindI zaka: 275. svAtikaNa mRgendra 41, 201, 25, 207, 208, hinda: 293. 209, 211, 213, 237, 278. hindu saMskRtiH 268. svAtivaNuM 26. himAlayaH 268, 304, 305, 324. haviSka : 275. hasiri zanisirimataH 89, 8, 92, (92) 159, hemacaMdra : 278, 247. hakuzrI : 146. hemacaMdrasUrI-hemacaMdrAcArya : 39. haDALA : 124. haihayAjha: (50), 51. hari: (145) hayuena sAMga : 3, 4, 315, 320, (20) harIhara : 268. haritiputraH (51) 116, 117, 130. kSata : 56. hasana jIllA : 267. kSatrapa : 25, (25), 40, 43, 72, 110, 122, hastagiri : (124) 186, 266, 269 (269), 275, 285, 312. hastinApura : 323, kSatriya H 57, (57), 131, 198, 253. hastIpAla : 309. kSaharATa : 35. 66, 71, 77, (84), (5), 96, hAtakaNIH 92. 97, 100, 106, 11, 120, (100), 131, hAthI sikkAcinaha : 176, 324. 170, 173, 200, 2013, 215, 217, 219, hAthIguphAnA zilAlekha 4, (4) 6, 8, 23, (49). 221, 227, 239, 243, 245, 25, 260, 268, 269, 275, 349, 353. 54, (61) 68, 69, 90, 92, (92) 94, 100, 117, 128. 130, 147, (141) 142, zukajAti : 164. 146, 150, 168, 226, 24, 248, 25. kSamagupta : (109). 306, 308, 311, 313, 318, 354, kSemarAja : 140.

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abhi prA yo pustaka taddana navuM dRSTibindu khele che ema samajAya che. tame e pustaka taiyAra karavAmAM ghaNo zrama lIdho lAge che. muMbaI di. bA. kRSNalAla mehanalAla jhaverI vadhumAM vadhu prasaMgothI bharelA prAcIna hiMdanA itihAsa aMge sthApita siddhAtinA anveSaNamAM UtaravAnA ane te siddhAMtamAM keTalAka krAntikArI pheraphAra sUcavavAnA DaoN. zAhe upADelA kAryane daivI tarIke ja oLakhAvI zakAya. zAhane avirata zrama ane navA siddhAMta bahAra mUkavAnI temanI asAmAnya hiMmatanI te prazaMsA ja thaI zake. itihAsane abhyAsIo joIe che ane jayAM sudhI aneka saMzodhana nathI karyuM tyAMsudhI ItihAsanA kaI paNa yugaviSe saMpUrNa satya jANI zakAtuM nathI. muMbaI rAva bahAdura jI. eca. saradesAI ( 3) ' zrI. tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMde hiMdustAnane prAcIna itihAsa gujarAtImAM lakhyo che, je huM athathI iti sudhI vAMcI gayo chuM. tribhuvanadAsabhAIe A itihAsa jaina, bauddha ne hiMdu sAhitya upara rao che. ne temaNe te sAhitya uparAMta sikkAo, guphAo vigerenA zilAlekho ityAdi bahu vigatavAra joyA che. ItihAsakAroe atyAra sudhI jaina sAhityanI ane jaina sAmagrInI avagaNanA karI hatI te tribhuvanadAsabhAIe karI nathI, tethI temanA lakhANamAM samagratAne guNa AvI jAya che. ane atyAra sudhI nahi jANavAmAM AveluM sAhitya emanI kRtimAM jovAmAM Ave che. temane prayAsa jaina samAje te khAsa vadhAvI levuM joIe, kAraNa temanuM sAhitya to temaNe pUrepUruM A kRtimAM upayogamAM lIdhuM che. vaDodarA-keleja kezavalAla hiMmatarAma kAmadAra ApanA prayAsane huM kharekhara stutya gaNuM chuM. muMbaI vizvanAtha prabhurAma vaidya jaina sAhityanA prAmANika granthamAMthI hakIkatanI saMbhALapUrvaka je gaSaNa temaNe karI che, temAM ja A pustakanI kharI khUbI bharelI che. prAcIna itihAsamAMthI to cALI kADhavAmAM temaNe atyaMta parizrama uThAvyo dekhAya che. ane vartamAna sanmAnita maMtavyothI temanAM anumAna che ke lagabhaga UlaTI ja dizAnAM che, chatAM kabUla karavuM paDe che ke, temanA nirNayathI rasabharI carcA ane vivAda UbhAM thaze ane temAMthI kaMI ane lAbha prApta thaze. vaDodarA-prAcyavidyAmaMdira Do. bI. bhaTTAcArya

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[ = 1 ( $ ) mane saMpUrNa khAtrI che ke prAcyavidyAnA abhyAsIo tenA sarvazreSTha satkAra karaze. muMbaI-vIsana krAleja ( 7 ) 40 tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMda zAhe hiMdanA prAcIna yugane itihAsa upajAvI kADhavAne je prayAsa karela che te kharekhara stutya che. jaina vizvakAza aMge bheLI karelI pramANabhUta aitihAsika sAmagrInA A pratiTasa laDavAmAM temaNe vivekapUrvaka upayAga karela che. aMbageALA jevA temAM dekhAtA keTalAka navA nirNayAthI bhaDakIne bhAgavAna khale, hareka itihAsapremI vidyArthI temaja abhyAsI, prema ane zraddhApUrvaka A granthanA abhyAsa kaze teA mArI khAtrI che ke te yuganA itihAsanA kilaSTa ane zaMkAspada prazno upara dhaNuM navuM ajavALuM paDaze, ane vidyArthIAne ApaNe ve Are raste deratA hatA tenuM sahaja bhAna thaze. keLavaNIkhAtAe tema ja pustakAlaya vigerenA adhikArIe A prayAsa tarapha sahAnubhUti darzAvaze evI AzA che. muMbaI-prInsa oNpha velsa myujhIama girijAzaMkara valabhajI AcArya ( 8 ) A grantha dhaNA zrama laI tathA dhaNAM pustakAnA asala AdhAreA, zilA ane tAtralekhA, sikkA vigere jeSTha AdhArabhUta gaNI zakAya tevA anAvyeA che. sarva rIte uttejanane pAtra che ema mane lAge che, sa. ma. gAviMdabhAI huMthIbhAi DhasAI vAdarA ( TU ) dezabhASAmAM AvA pustakanI "atyaMta jarUra varSo thayAM lAgyA karatI hatI. dAktara tribhuvanadAse varSoM sudhI mahenata karI tevuM eka pustaka taiyAra karyuM che, e kharekhara bahu khuzI thavA jevuM che. dareka zALA, dareka lAyakharI ane banI zake tevI dareka vyaktie e pustaka avazya vasAvavA jevuM che. suMbaI-vImensa yunIvarsITI hiMmatalAla gaNezajI aMjAriyA ( 10 ) A pustaka pragaTa thatAM eka agatyanI jarUriyAta pUrI pADavAnuM dhArI zakAya che. itihAsane zaikha vadhatA jAya che, evA samayamAM A pustaka gujarAtI sAhityamAM mATI kheATa pUrI pADaze. muMbaI mAtIcaMdra gIradharalAla kApaDiyA jaina itihAsamAM eka krAntikArI yuga kSetramAM vizeSa abhyAsa karavAne pUratI sAmagrI umedmapura eca. DI. velInDara pustaka ati mahattvanuM thaze. gulAbacaMdajI ThA ( 12 ) ThumakA atIva saMtASa huA. khaheAta samayase hama jIsa cIjakeA cAhate the Aja vahI hamArI dRSTimeM AI. pAlanapura vijayavallabhasAra ( 13 ) pravataka kAMtivijayajI ( 14 ) vinIttira pATaNa pustaka upayAgI thaze. bAgA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat ( 11 ) Ubhe thaze ane vizArade ane anya kAryakartAne te maLI kahevAze. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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AvA anyanI atIva agatya che. dilhI ( 15 ) [2] suni darzanavijayajI ( 16 ) prayAsa stutya che ane aitihAsika zASaka buddhi tathA UhApoha karavAnI paddhati suMdara che. A pustakathI RRNIka khAkhatAnA bhrama dUra thaI zakaze. kaccha-patrI suni lakSmIcaMda ( 17 ) itihAsanA anabhijJate paNa prathama dRSTie ja vadhAvI levA yAgya lAge evuM A granthaprakAzananuM sAhasa che. itihAsa pratyenI lAkaruci aNukhIlI ane vidyAvikAsa karatI saMsthAe pramAda, pakSapAta athavA nirdhanatAnA bhAga thai paDI che, tevA saMjogAnI vacce AvA granthAnuM jokhama lenAra prathama kSaNe ja sahunAM abhinaMdana mAgI lye che. A sAhasa pAchaLa granthakAranA jIvananI pacIsa varSatI prakhara sAdhanA che. TIppA, samayAvraLI, vaMzAvaLI, viSaya zodhavAnI cAvI vigere ApIne eka bAjue lekhake AkhA viSayane vidbhAgya banAvyeA che ne khIjI bAju bhASAzailI saraLa, dharagaththu, kaMika vArtAkathanane maLatI rAkhavAthI grantha vidvattAne eka khUNe ja na paDI jAya tevA banyA che. muMbaI janmabhUmi ( 18 ) sikkAo viSenI AvI mAhitI eka ja pustakamAM bahu thArDa ThekANe maLI zakaze. pustakanI bhASA sAdI ane saraLa hAvAthI, sAmAnya abhyAsI paNa te samajI zake evuM che. ane temAM AvelI aitihAsika dhaTanAe evI teA rasika che ke te kAi kahANI--kirasAne bhulAve tevA AnaMda Ape che...navA prakAza pAr3anAra pustaka pragaTa karavA mATe tenA lekhaka DaeNA. tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMda zAhane mubArakavAdI dhaTe che. saMbhraSTa suI samAcAra ( 19 ) OM tribhuvanadAsanA itihAsanA granthA vAMcI krAi paNa hiMdI peAtAnuM hIna mAnasa tyajI gauravathI peAtAnuM mastaka UMcuM rAkhI zakaze...pratihAsanA A bRhada granthA gujarAtane A pahelI ja vAra maLe che, jaya bhArata 20 lekhake bhAre zrama lIdhA che. dhaNI hakIkatA, pUrAvA ane anya sAdhanA ekatrita karyAM che. muMbai sAMja vartamAna Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat ( 21 ) pacIsa pacIsa varSanA tapane pariNAme granthakAre upalabdha sAdhanAnA khanI zake teTalA abhyAsa karIne I. sa. pUrve 900 thI i. sa. 100 sudhInAM hajAra varSanA itihAsa ApavAnA karelA prayAsa jema apUrva che tema A dizAmAM prakAza pheMkanArA che. A upayegI granthane tihAsanA abhyAsIe ja nahi paNa tamAma gujarAtIe vAMcavA prerAya tevA Agraha karIe chIe ane eka gujarAtI saMzodhaka tridAnanI kadara karI peAtAne zithI ekadarapaNAne doSa dUra karavAnA prayAsa mATe gujarAtane A purataka satkAravA yeAgya hAvAnI khAtrI ApIe chIe. saMta hiMdustAna ane prajAmitra www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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[4] muMbaI lekhake pustaka taiyAra karavAmAM lIdhelo zrama ane navAM vidhAne bAMdhavA mATenI temanI paryeSaka vRtti , pAne pAne jaNAI Ave che.....hiMdanI koIe bhASAmAM te zuM paNa aMgrejImAM paNa jenI tela Ave evAM gaNatara pustaka ja haze; e badhI vastuo khyAlamAM letA, ane itihAsanA abhyAsIo mATe je sAdhanasaMgraha AmAM mUkAyela che te jotAM Do. tribhuvanadAsanI zramazIlatA, itihAsa saMzodhananA kSetramAM kadara karavA jevI che. A granthamAMnAM saMzodhana ane vidhAna eka yA bIjI rIte mArgadarzaka, dizAdarzaka ke prakAza pahoMcADanArAM thaI paDaze ema mAnavuM vadhAre paDatuM nathI. amadAvAda prajAbaMdhu (23). kharekhara eka gujarAtI vidvAnane hAthe lakhAyelo sAdhAra aitihAsika zodhakhoLane A eka adabhuta grantha che......Do. zAha TIkAothI na DaratAM temane prayAsa apUrNa na mUke ema ApaNe IcchIzuM, AnA sArarUpa jo eka aMgrejI grantha taiyAra karAvAya che tenI carcA AkhA bharatakhaMDamAM thavA pAme. gujarAtI ( 24 ) A saMzodhana ItihAsa-saMzodhakane jema upakAraka che temaja khAsa karIne jaina samAja mATe mahA upakAraka che. saikAo jAne apragaTa, aitihAsika sAhitya zrama ane saMkalanApUrvaka A grantha dvArA bahAra mUkavA mATe Do. tribhuvanadAsane abhinaMdana ghaTe che. dareka jaina lAIbrerIo, sAhitya saMsthAo, jJAnabhaMDAromAM A seTane sthAne maLe ema IcchIe chIe. bhAvanagara jaina . ( 25 ) AkhuM pustaka hiMdanA prAcIna itihAsa upara taddana navo ja prakAza pADe che. jyAM jyAM lekhaka pite purogAmI lekhakonA matathI virUddha jAya che tyAM tyAM badhe teo majabUta purAvAo Ape che. AkhuM pustaka vAMcavA jevuM che, ane abhyAsIone manana karavA yogya che. bhASA saraLa ane viSayanI vastunI gahanatAne ekadama spaSTa kare tevI che. lekhaka dhaMdhe DokaTara hAI, purAtattvanA viSayane ATalo badho paricaya dharAve che te kharekhara dhanyavAdane pAtra tathA zobhAspada che. temanI kRti dareka vAMcanAlayamAM javI joI e. vaDodarA sAhityakAra gujarAtI prakAzananA ItihAsamAM A pustakanuM sAhasa ajoDa gaNAya tevuM che. khAsa karIne vidvattA, bahoLI sAmagrI ne hAMza prazaMsanIya che. lekhake bahu pramANamAM zrama lIdhuM che. ane pite mAnI lIdhela matAMtaranuM samarthana jArIvArI jANanArA vakIlanI mAphaka bahu ja UlaTathI karyuM che. A prakArano granya svabhASAmAM lakhIne Do. zAhe gujarAtInI meTI sevA karI batAvI che ane gujarAtanI vidvattAne jagatamAM ucca sthAne sthApI che. e mATe ame eo mahAzayane dhanyavAda ApIe chIe. karAMcI Urmi ( 27 ) prAcIna zevALanI daSTie A granya mahatvane che.prAcIna zodhakhoLa mATeno lekhakano anubhava ane prayAsa prazaMsAne pAtra che. muMbaI jaine prakAza ( 18 ) mAhitI rasapUrNa che gujarAtI bhASAmAM AvuM suMdara upagI pustaka taiyAra karavA mATe lekhakane dhanyavAda ghaTe che, vaDodarA nava gujarAta Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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tuj ( 29 ) prAcIna hiMdanA khetihAsanA abhyAsIone ame sadarahu pustaka dhyAnapUrvaka tapAsI javA vinaMti karIe chIe. amadAvAda buddhiprakAza ( 30 ) gujarAtI bhASAmAM pratihAsanA viSaya para ane teya saMzAdhana tarIke lakhAyalAM pustako AMgaLIne veDhe gaNAya eTalAM ja che. temAM De. tribhuvanadAsabhAinA A bRhad graMthathI gaiAravabharyA umerA thAya che, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e kSetramAM enA naMkhara prathama gaNAya te navAI nahIM. abhyAsapUrNa AvI upayegI kRti, satata parizramapUrvaka taiyAra karyA badala DA. tribhuvanadAsane abhinaMdIe chIe. ane icchIe chIe ke, gujarAta, A gujarAtI prakAzananA umaLakAbhera uThAva karI lekhakane tema karavAnuM pretsAhana Apaze. adhyayana vibhAganI robhArUpa A upayAgI kRtine gujarAta tathA bRhad gujarAtanAM ekeeka sAdhanasaMpanna pustakAlayanI abharAI para sthAna maLe ja maLe. prAcIna itihAsanA zokhIne tathA abhyAsIe A grantha eka vAra najara taLe kADhI javAne te na ja cUke. zabdakoza, samayavArI tathA vistRta anukramaNikA dvArA tathA citrA, lekho, nakazA, sikkA vagerenI samajutIthI pustakanI yeAgyatA temaja tenuM rahasya samajavAmAM ghaNI sahAya maLe che. AzA che ke gujarAtI sAhityanA rasiyAo uttejana Apaze ja. vAMdarA rAjyanAM kasbA pustakAlayA jarUra A pustakanA badhA bhAga kharIde ane e dvArA rAjyanI zikSita prajAne prAcIna bhAratanuM jJAna pUrUM pADavAmAM yathAzakti madada kare e IcchavA yeAgya che. vAdarA pustakAlaya ( 31 ) rasamaya pRSThovALA A anupama pustakamAM sikkAonuM-prAcIna sikkAonuM, eTale ke prAcIna bhAratamAM vaparAtA sikkAenuM varNana ApeluM che. te uparAMta maryavaMzanA rAjaamalanuM temaja paradezIoe yavanAe gujArela jImAnuM myAna eka vaijJAnikanI peThe ceAkasAithI ApyuM che. sAthe joDelA anukramA- sUci ati upayAgI che; kemake pustakanI aMdaranA vidhavidha viSaye zodhI kADhavAne te cAvIrUpa thai paDe che. ......khaMta ane saMzAdhana--kArya prazaMsA ja mAgI lye che. meDana rIvyu kalakattA ( 32 ) vidvattApUrNa grantha che. ane temAM darzAvelI hakIkata mATe sikkAnA, zilAlekhanA tathA jANItA granthakArAnAM maMtavyAnA AdhArA TAMkI batAvyA che. alabatta A grantha bahAra paDavAthI puSkaLa vAdavivAda UbhA thAya che, chatAMye A pustakane eka smArakagrantha kahI zakAze. muMbaI Ae kronIla ( 33 ) zilAlekha, sikkA ne smArakAne lekhake pUratA pramANamAM upayeAgamAM lIdhAM che. lekhakanAM khaMta ane kartavyaprema temaja atihAsika saMzAdhana pratyenA temanA sneha kharekhara prazaMsAne pAtra che...temaNe ApelI phUTaneATA vAcakane satya zodhI kADhavAmAM khUba ja madadakartA thai paDe che...AvA lukhkhA te kALagaNunAne lagatA viSayane nyAya ApavA mATe DaoN. zAha jaina samAjanAM ne purAtattvapremIonAM abhinaMdanane pAtra che. muMbai ee senTInala ( 34 ) A eka adbhuta prakAzana che...lekhakanuM jJAna maheALuM che, temane khaMta aNukhUTa che. muMbai Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat TAimsa opha inDiyA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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( 35 ) A granthamAM I. sa. pUrve 900 thI I. sa. 1000 sudhIno ItihAsa ApavAmAM Avyo che je yugane prastAvanAmAM, ' prAcInaM hiMdanAM ItihAsanA sAcA ghaDatara-yuga" tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM Avela che. vadhArAmAM jaNAvAyuM che ke e yuga para pramANabhUta ke samagradarzI keAI granya hajI lakhAyo nathI-je vidhAna sAthe itihAsanA abhyAsIo saheje saMmata thaze. - Do. zAhe. bauddha ane vaidika pramANe, je keTalAka pramANamAM sArI rIte saMzodhita thaI cUkyAM che te uparAMta, prApya jenA pramANane paNa upayogamAM lIdhAM che; te e granthane khUbI bakSe che. jaina vizva aMge pacIsa varSanA zramasevana pachI teo tema karavAne vadhumAM vadhu yogya ne suMdara sthitimAM gaNI zakAya. dvizvakanuM prakAzana zakya na banavAthI badalAmAM temaNe A ItihAsa-gro pragaTa karyA che. ...... A granthamAMnI eka lAkSaNikatA to itihAsanA abhyAsIone camakAvaze ja-ane te prAcIna bhAratIya kAlagaNanAmAM Do. zAhe darzAvelI navI gaNatarI. lisTeDa vIkalI opha InDiyA muMbaI atyArasudhI itihAsakAroe ane saMzodhakoe aNaukelela mAhitIo para granthanI racanA thaI che. (keI nAstika kadAca lekhakanAM badhAM ja aMta svIkArI letAM acakAya, paNa huM jAte te emanAM maMtavyamAM mAnuM chuM. saMbai nyu buka DAIjesTa ( 3 ). pranya navAM maMtavyothI jhagamagI rahyo che. e eka yugavata prakAzana che. kalakattA amRta bajhAra patrikA _( 38 ) che. zAhanI A kRti prAcIna hiMda viSenA jUnA maMtavyane urADI mUke che. AkhA granthanI racanA, atyArasudhImAM itihAsakAroe ane saMzodhakoe aNaukelela mAhitIo paraja thaI che. * kenyA (AphrikA) kenyA DelI meIla ( 9 ). che. zAha dharma ja che ne a5-jANa ne lagabhaga aprApya evA jana pratye ne hastaprata meLavavAnuM temane mATe bhAre zakaya banela. e badhAnA sukSma abhyAse temane, gata sadInA madhya ane uttara-bhAgamAM ane cAlu sadInA pUrva bhAgamAM yuropIya pauvAe lakhela rUDhivAdI aitihAsika kRtiothI judAM ja daSTibinduo dharAvatA, smaraNIya granthane AlekhananI zakti ApI. amane khAtrI che ke vidvAna kartAnI A bhavya kRti bhAvi saMzodhana kAryamAM je yugane teo spIla che te yuga saMbaMdhamAM, suMdara bhUmikA pUrI pADaze. A avasare ame AvI kharekhara suMdara-sacitra kRtine bahAra pADavA mATe vaDodarAnI zazikAnta ku. ne abhinaMdana ApavAnI taka laIe chIe. TAMgAnikA (AphrikA) TAMgAnikA opIniyana (40 ) ame IcchIe chIe ke lekhaka dIrdhAyuSI thAya ane pite kartavyanA snehabhAve je bhAre kAma hAtha dharyuM che te saMpUNa karI bhAvi ItihAsakAro mATe addabhuta graMtha taiyAra kare. ahIM e paNa noMdhavuM joIe ke A granthanI atIva agatyatA ane prAcIna hiMdanA itihAsa para te je prakAza pheMke che te sarvane vicAra karI muMbaI vidyApIThe tene mAnya karela che, DAyarekaTara opha pablIka InsukSana-teozrIe tene pAsa karela che te badhA ja vidvAnoe tenA saMbaMdhamAM bhalAmaNa karelI che. jhAMjhIbAra (AphrikA) jhAMjhIbAra vAisa

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prAcIna bhAratavarSa paranI mI. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAhanI kRti e atyArasudhI egya agatyatA na apAyala sAmagrInA AdhAre hiMdanA itihAsa para vadhu prakAza pheMkata prayAsa che. kele (jhIlena) - sIlene embara atyArasudhInAM ghaNAM kharAM maMtavyone have ApaNe phagAvI devA joIe. hiMdane ghaNekhara ItihAsa ApaNe pharIthI zIkhavo paDaze. sIvIla enDa mIlITarI gejheTa khUbaja zrama, ane sAhitya, zilAlekhe ne sikkAne lagatI sAmagrIne bhaMDAra che. lekhaka itihAsakAra nathI, paNa svayaM abhyAsI che. temanA badhA ja siddhAMto sAthe ghaNuM maLatA na thAya paNa A badhA sihotA tadana maulika che ane te svIkArAya ke teno asvIkAra karAya te pahelAM temanA pratye pUratuM dhyAna apAvuM ghaTe. nya rIvyu viziSTa dArI khaMtathI teo AdhArane e rIte vaNe che ane tArave che ke te vAcaka samakSa taddana maulika athavA navA vezamAM, "bomba jevA ane nayana kholI nAMkhatA' siddhAMta rUpe rajU thAya che. granthanI bIjI eka prazaMsanIya viziSTatA e che ke temAM yugavata sthApatyadarzaka saMkhyAbaMdha kalAcitro ane simAcitro apAyela che. inDiyana rIvyu lekhaka ke jemaNe potAnA jIvananAM ghaNAMkharAM varSe etihAsika sAmagrI ekatra karavAne AdhAronA saMzodhana pAchaLanA avirata zramamAM vItAvyAM che-temaNe be hajAra varSa pUrvenA bhAratavarSanuM sAcuM citra rajU karavAmAM eka paNa prayatna bAkI rAkhyuM nathI. emanA grantha eka divase prAcIna hiMdI ItihAsanAM satya citro rajU karanAra dUta tarIke AvakArAze. muMbaI di presa jarnala lekhake bahAdurIpUrvaka pitAnAM maMtavya saMpUrNa svataMtra svarUpamAM rajU karyA che, ane teo svayaMdarzananI AzcaryakAraka khAtrIthI nAmAMkita vidvAnanAM cAlu saMtone 5Na uthalAvI nAMkhe che. dhI hiMdu ( 7 ) ghaNaka sthaLe te ravIkRta siddhAMtithI virUddha jAya che chatAM te saMbhALabharyA dhyAnane pAtra che. mAMsa dhI meila (48) eTaluM te svIkAravuM ja joIe ke A granya kiMmatI mAhitIone bhaMDAra che; je mAhitIomAMnI ghaNIkharI hacha hiMdI itihAsanA kSetramAM kAma karanArAonA dhyAna bahAra che. atyArasudhI bauddha ane vidarbha sAhityanA jeTaluM jaina sAhitya pratye dhyAna nathI apAyuM -te uNapa A lekhake pUrI pADI che. sAutha Irthana kIcara

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[8] (49 ) granthamAM darzAvAyelAM maMtavya pratye sughaTita dhyAna apAvuM ghaTe che, ane rajUAta paNa gahana vidvAnanA hAthe samAlocanAne pAtra che. zakarsavata viSenI emanI mAnyatA ane enA mULa viSe emane abhiprAya rasaprada che. judA judA paradezI rAjakartAo ne vikramAdityanA zAsanane sucavatA nakazAo upayogI che.... maMtavya himatabhayo che. temAMnA keTalAMka cAlu mAnyatAthI virUddha chatAM te badhAM, ame agAu kahyuM che tema, taTastha vidvAnanA dhyAnane pAtra che. anAmala nagara-cidambama jarnala opha inDiyana hIsTarI che. zAhanI A kRti temaNe te para kharcala avirata zakti ane puSkaLa zramanI sAbitIrUpa che. pUnA orienTala lITararI DAIjesTa, (50) lekhakanI udyogaparAyaNatA ane saMzodhanakArya aMgenI temanI tamannA mahad prazaMsAne pAtra che. cI mena ina inDiyA (para) pranya kiMmatI mAhitI pUrI pADe che, temaja ApaNuM jJAnamAM te umere kare che. mahAbAda dhI TaTIetha sabyurA. (53) vizALa abhyAsa, baLa bahuzrutatA ane ItihAsadarzana karAvavAnI tIvra vRtti Thera Thera dekhAya che. pitAnA viSaya upara lakhatAM pahelAM ATalI vizALa taiyArI ApaNe tyAM bahu ja ochA lekhake kare che. DaoN. zAhanI emanA pitAnA viSaya pUratI taiyArI prazasya che. emanI karmAbhimukhatA ane karmaniSThA ethIye vadhu AvakArya che. A tane lIdhe A prakAzamAM evI keTalIye vigate, pahelI ja vAra bahAra Ave che jeno pazcimanA temaja pazcima matAnuyAyI pUrvanA abhyAsIoe Aja lagI sparza paNa karyo nathI. ApaNuM prAcIna itihAsane lagatI AvI navI sAmagrIne meTo bhaMDAra AmAM bharyo che. Ama avirata abhyAsa ane tIvrakarmaratatA AmAM sthaLe sthaLe dekhAya che, temaja saMzeAdhaka ke vicAraka mAtrane anivArya evAM mane baLa ane himmata paNa AmAM pAne pAne dekhAya che. amadAvAda 1936nA gujarAtI vAlmayanI samIkSA (gujarAta sAhityasabhA ). A eka evI kRti che, je abhyAsapUrvaka vAMcavI jAie. lekhakane AtmavizvAsa Azcarya pamADanAra che. madrAsa ejyukezanala rIvyu kartAe anya sarjatAM khUbaja zrama sevyo che. mAhitIono bhaMDAra chekalakattA ravarDa A granya pragaTa karIne Do. zAhe bhAratIya etihAsika saMzodhana kSetramAM kharekharI sevA bajAvI che. dilahI-yunIvarsiTI che. bulacaMda Shree Sudhammaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com