Visuddhimaggo Part 01

Author(s): Dwarikadas Shastri, Tapasya Upadhyay
Publisher: Bauddh Bharti
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/002428/1

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bauddha bhAratIgranthamAlA 12 (ka), Bauddha Bharati Series - 12 (A) buddhaghosAcariyaviracito vidyuddhimaggo (hindI anuvAdasahito ) paThamo bhAgoM bauddhabhAratI pradhAna sampAdaka svAmI dvArikAdAsazAstrI

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bauddhabhAratIgranthamAlA-12 (ka) Bauddha Bharati Series-12 (A) buddhaghosAcariyaviracito visuddhimaggo .. - [hindIanuvAdasahito] (paThamo bhAgo) pradhAnasampAdaka svAmI dvArikAdAsazAstrI

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Bauddha Bharati Series-12 (A) The VISUDDHIMAGGA SIRI BUDDHAGHOSACARIYA 254 1B.] With Hindi Translation (Vol. 1st) General Editer Swami Dwarikadas Shastri Translated in Hindi By Dr. Tapasya Upadhyaya Bauddha Darshana Shastri, M. A., PH. D. BAUDDHA BHARATI VARANASI 1998 [V. 2055

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bauddhabhAratIgranthamAlA-12 (ka) AcAryabuddhaghoSaviracita visUndvimagga [hindIanuvAdasahita] [prathama se SaSTha pariccheda taka] (pahalA bhAga) sampAdaka, saMzodhaka svAmI dvArikAdAsazAstrI - hindI-vyAkhyAkAra DaoN0 tapasyA upAdhyAya bauddhadarzanAcArya, ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0 bauddhabhAratI vArANasI 1998 I0 bu0 2541] [vi02055

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(c) bauddhabhAratI po0 baoN0 naM0 1049 vArANasI-221 001. (bhArata) (c) Bauddha Bharati P. B. No. 1049 VARANASI-221 001 (India) sahAyaka sampAdaka : dharmakIrti zAkhI candrakIrti zAkhI abhinava saMskaraNa : 1998 Unique Edition : 1998 Price Rs.200/ mudraka : sAdhanA presa kATana mila kAlonI vArANasI-2.21 002 phona :- (0542) 210094 Printed By : SADHANA PRESS Cotton Mill Colony VARANASI- 221 002 Ph. : (0542) 210094

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prakAzakIya yAvat sthAsyanti girayaH saritazca mahItale / pracariSyati loke'smin, tAvadvai bauddhabhAratI // vigata 1977 I0 meM, bauddhabhAratI - granthamAlA ke 12veM puSpa ke antargata, Acarya buddhaghoSaracita visuddhimagga (bauddha yogazAstra kA mUrdhanya grantha) kA mUla (pAli) pATha hI prakAzita huA thA / yadyapi vidvAnoM ne isa grantha kA AzAtIta samAdara kiyA; parantu adhyetA chAtroM ne, sAtha meM hindI anuvAda na hone ke kAraNa, isako saMgRhIta karane meM kucha upekSA dikhaayii| itane antarAla ke bAda, Aja hama chAtroM kI utkaNThA ke zamanahetu grantha ke mUla pAli-pATha ke sAtha usakA hindI rUpAntara bhI prakAzita kara rahe haiN| * yaha hindI-rUpAntara bhagavatkRpA se itanA suvyavasthita likhA gayA hai ki aba yaha chAtroM ke liye hI jJAnavardhaka nahIM, apitu vidvAnoM ke liye bhI atyupayogI evaM sahAyaka ho gyaa| yaha hindI - rUpAntara viSayavastu kA samyaktayA avabodha karAne ke liye, kucha adhika vistRta ho gayA hai, ataH aba ise rUpAntara (anuvAda) mAtra na kahakara 'vistRta hindI vyAkhyA ' kahA jAya to bhaviSNu vyAkhyAkAra ke kaThina zrama kA ucita evaM upayukta mUlyAGkana hogaa| isa hindI vyAkhyA kI racayitrI DaoN0 tapasyA upAdhyAya, ema. e., pIeca. DI., hindI jagat ke liye suparicita hI haiN| Apa hindI ke suprasiddha kavi evaM prAktana prAcArya pro0 kAntAnAtha pANDeya 'coMca' rAjahaMsa (harizcandra kAleja, vArANasI) kI suputrI evaM pAli sAhitya ke jAne-mAne vidvAn pro0 jagannAtha upAdhyAya (bhU0 pU0 pAlivibhAgAdhyakSa, saM. saM. vi. vi., vArANasI) kI putravadhU haiN| yaha bAta hameM Azvasta karatI hai ki Apa ko hindI, saMskRta evaM pAli bhASAoM kA sAhityika jJAna kulakramAgata evaM paramparAprApta hai, ataH inakI lekhanI para vizvAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| inhoMne, yaha vyAkhyA likhate samaya, visuddhimagga se sambaddha yathopalabdha sabhI sAmagriyoM kA - jo ki pAli hindI evaM aMgrejI bhASA meM yatra-tatra vikIrNa thIM, yayAzakti gambhIratayA adhyayana kara unakA isa vyAkhyA meM yathAsthAna Avazyaka upayoga va samAveza kiyA hai / yoM, yaha vyAkhyA prAmANikatA kI maryAdA se hI spRSTa nahIM, apitu isase bhI Age bahuta dUra taka antaH praviSTa bhI hai - aisA hamArA vizvAsa hai| ataH hamArI mAnyatA hai ki yaha vyAkhyA likhakara Apane apane adhyayana kA sadupayoga to kiyA hI, sAtha meM pAli-jagat kA bhI mahAn upakAra kiyA hai / astu / grantha ke prArambha meM pUrvavat vistRta bhUmikA evaM hindIsaMkSepa bhI de diye gaye haiM! ante ca, Arthika saukarya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue, hama isa bAra isa vipulakalevara grantha ko hindI vyAkhyA ke sAtha kramazaH tIna bhAgoM meM prakAzita kara rahe haiN| jinameM pahalA evaM dUsarA bhAga Apake sammukha prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| avaziSTa tIsarA bhAga yathAsambhava samaya meM upalabdha ho jAyagA - aisI AzA hai| - vArANasI vaizAkha pUrNimA, 2053 vi0 } adhyakSa, bauddhabhAratI

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do zabda ... yaha bAta sabhI vidvAn mAnate haiM ki bauddhadharma-darzana ke kSetra meM AcArya buddhaghoSa ke isa 'visuddhimagga' grantha kA sthAna viziSTatama hai| __ isa grantharatna kI viSayavastu evaM mahattva para isa saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA meM pradhAna sampAdaka dvArA paryApta likhA gayA hai, ataH usa viSaya para punaH kucha likhanA piSTapeSaNa hI mAnA jaaygaa| pAli se hindI-rUpAntara ke kSetra meM hamArA yaha prathama prayAsa hai| jisa prakAra . nirgandha puSpa yadi devatA ke caraNoM meM rakha diyA jAya to vaha bhI zIrSa para dhAraNa karane yogya ho jAtA hai; usI prakAra jisa kArya ko pAli se hindI rUpAntara ke abhyAsamAtra yA svAntaHsukhAya ke rUpa meM prArambha kiyA gayA thA, vaha mAtra eka varSa kI alpAvadhi meM pUjya svAmI jI ke vAtsalyamaya protsAhana, kuzala nirdezana tathA samucita saMzodhana evaM pariSkAra ke phalasvarUpa sudhI pAThakoM ke samakSa prastuta ho rahA hai| prArambha se hI hamArA uddezya isa grantha kA bhASAntaramAtra na kara isa kI viSayavastu kA spaSTIkaraNa bhI rahA hai, ataH isa anuvAda meM yathAsthAna koSThakoM kA mukta bhAva se prayoga karanA par3a gayA hai| ___ kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki pratyeka bhASA kI apanI prakRti hotI hai| isa anuvAda meM hamane hindI evaM pAli-donoM hI bhASAoM kI prakRti ke sAtha nyAya karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| hameM apane kArya meM bhikSu ANamoli jI kRta isa grantha ke aMgrejI anuvAda se bahuta sahAyatA milI hai| etadartha hama unake AbhArI haiN| .. ante ca, aise bRhat kArya meM truTiyA~ rahanA svAbhAvika haiM / vidvajjanoM evaM adhyetAoM se vinamra anurodha hai ki prastuta saMskaraNa kI truTiyA~ hameM avazya avagata karAte raheM jisase dvitIya saMskaraNa meM unakA parimArjana va parizodhana ho ske| - anuvAdikA

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visuddhimagga kI bahiraGgakathA pAlItivuttavijUnaM deshnaanynissitaa| visuddhimaggaganthassa bahiraGgakathA ayN|| tripiTaka kA vikAsa pAlitripiTaka siMhala (zrIlaGkA) meM rAjA vaTTagAmaNi ke zAsanakAla meM bhagavAn ke mahAparinirvANa se prAyaH cAra zatAbdI bAda apane vartamAna rUpa meM likhA gyaa| isa prakAra vartamAna pAlitripiTaka kA nibandhanakAla IsApUrva prathama zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa tripiTaka ke vinaya, sUtra tathA abhidharma-ye tIna vibhAga (piTaka) haiN| (ka)vinayapiTaka-bhikSuoM ke AcaraNa kA niyamana karane ke lie bhagavAn buddha ne jo niyama banAye the, ve 'prAtimokSa' (pAtimokkha) kahe jAte hai| inhI niyamoM kI carcA vinayapiTaka meM hai| tInoM piTakoM meM vinayapiTaka kA sthAna sarvaprathama hai| prAtimokSa kI mahattA isI se siddha hai ki bhagavAn ne svayaM kahA thA ki unake na rahane para bhI prAtimokSa aura zikSApadoM ke kAraNa bhikSuoM ko apane kartavya kA jJAna hotA rahegA aura yoM saca bhI sthAyI rhegaa| prArambha meM kevala 152 niyama bane hoMge, kintu vinayapiTaka kI racanA ke samaya unakI saMkhyA 227 ho gayI thii| bhikkhuvibhaGga', jo vinayapiTaka kA prathama bhAga hai, vastutaH ina 227 niyamoM kA vidhAna karanevAle zikSApadoM kI vyAkhyA hai| ye vyAkhyAtmaka grantha pArAjika, pAcittiya nAma se prasiddha haiN| vinayapiTaka ke dUsare bhAga kA nAma 'khandhaka' hai| mahAvagga tathA culavagga ye donoM grantha 'khandhaka' meM samAviSTa hai| vinayapiTaka kA antima aMza parivAra hai| isameM vaidika anukramaNikAoM kI taraha tripiTaka se sambaddha kaI sUciyoM kA samAveza hai| (kha) suttapiTaka-yaha bhagavAn ke lokopakArI upadezoM kA saMgraha hai| isameM 1. dIghanikAya, 2. majjhimanikAya, 3. saMyuttanikAya, 4. aMguttaranikAya aura 5. khuddakanikAya-ina pA~ca nikAyoM kA samAveza hai| 1.dIghanikAya meM 34 sutta (sUtra) haiN| ye sutta lambe haiM, ata: 'dIgha' (dIrgha) kahe gaye haiN| inameM yathAsthAna zIla, samAdhi evaM prajJA kA rocaka varNana hai| 2. majhimanikAya meM madhyama AkAra ke (na adhika lambe na choTe) 152 sUttoM meM bhI buddha ke upadezoM kA saMvAdAtmaka saMgraha hai| inameM cAra Aryasatya, nirvANa, karma, satkAyadRSTi, AtmavAda, dhyAna Adi aneka mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kI carcA hai| yaha grantha bhI mUlapaNNAsaka, majhimapaNNAsaka tathA upArapaNNAsaka nAma se 50-50-52 suttoM se tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| 3. saMyuttanikAya meM 56 saMyuttoM kA saMgraha hai| jaise-prathama devatAsaMyutta meM devatAoM ke vacanoM kA tathA mArasaMyutta meM buddha ko vicalita karane ke liye mAra dvArA kiye gaye prayatnoM kA saMgraha hai| isa grantha meM kAvya kI dRSTi se bhI paryApta sAmagrI hai|| 4. aMguttaranikAya meM 2308 sutta haiN| unameM eka vastu se lekara gyAraha vastuoM taka kA kramazaH samAveza kiyA gayA hai| isameM viSaya-vaividhya kA honA svAbhAvika hai| 5. khuddakanikAya meM- khudda (kSudra) arthAt choTe-choTe upadeza granthoM kA saMgraha hai| ina nikAya meM nimnalikhita 15 granthoM kA samAveza hai

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vizuddhimagga (1) khuddaka pATha - isameM trizaraNa, daza zikSApada Adi bauddhadharma meM praveza cAhane vAloM ke liye avazya jJAtavya viSayoM kA samAveza hai / 8 (2) dhammapada - bauddha granthoM meM yaha sarvAdhika prasiddha evaM mahattvazAlI grantha hai| isameM bhagavAn buddha dvArA prokta naitika upadezoM kA saMgraha hai| (3) udAna - isameM eka hI viSaya kA nirUpaNa karanevAlI alpasaMkhyaka gAthAoM kA saMgraha hai| prAsaMgika do-cAra gAthAoM meM bhagavAn ne apanA mantavya vyakta kiyA hai| (4) itivRttaka - isa grantha meM 'bhagavAn ne aisA kahA' - isa mantavya se gAthAoM tathA gadyAMzoM kA saMgraha hai / (5) suttanipAta - isameM bhagavAn ke prAcInatama upadezoM kA saMgraha hai| (6) vimAnavatthu - isameM devayoni kI kathAoM ke sahAre karmaphala- siddhAnta kA varNana huA hai| (7) petavatthu - isa grantha meM pretayoni-kathAoM ke pramANa se karmaphala kA varNana hai| - ( 8 ) theragAthA - isa grantha meM bauddha bhikSuoM ne apanA-apanA anubhava kAvya meM vyakta kiyA hai| (9) therIgAthA- isameM bauddha bhikSuNiyoM ne apanA-apanA anubhava kavitA ke mAdhyama vyakta kiyA hai| (10) jAtaka - isa grantha meM bhagavAn buddha ke pUrvajanmakRta sadAcAroM ko vyakta karanevAlI 547 kathAoM kA saMgraha hai / nItizikSaNa kI dRSTi se ina kathAoM kI samAnatA karanevAlA grantha anyatra sudurlabha hai| ( 11 ) niddesa - yaha grantha suttanipAta ke aTThakavagga tathA khaggaviSANasutta evaM pArAyaNa vagga kI vyAkhyA hai| yaha cullaniddesa tathA mahAniddesa nAma se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai; (12) paTisambhidAmagga - isameM prANAyAma, dhyAna karma, Aryasatya, maitrI Adi kA varNana hai / (13) avadAna - isameM arhatoM (jJAniyoM) ke pUrvajanmoM kA varNana hai / (14) buddhavaMsa - isameM bhagavAn buddha se pUrva hue 24 buddhoM kA jIvanacarita hai| (15) cariyApiTaka5- yaha khuddakanikAya kA antima grantha hai| isameM buddha ne apane pUrvabhava meM kauna-sI pAramitA, kisa bhava meM, kisa prakAra pUrNa kI - isakA varNana hai / aura 7. (ga) abhidhammapiTaka - isa piTaka meM bhagavAn buddha ke upadezoM ke AdhAra para bauddhadArzanika vicAroM kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai| isa piTaka meM ina sAta granthoM kA samAveza hai1. dhammasaGgaNi, 2. vibhaGga, 3. dhAtukathA, 4. puggalapaJJatti, 5. kathAvatthu, 6. yamaka, paTThAna / (1) dhammasaGgaNi- isameM dharmoM kA vargIkaraNa aura vyAkhyA kI gayI hai / (2) vibhaGga - isameM unhIM dharmoM ke vargIkaraNa kA vistAra kiyA hai / (3) dhAtukathA- isameM dhAtuoM kA praznottararUpa meM vyAkhyAna hai| (4) puggalapaJJatti- - isa grantha meM manuSyoM kA vividha aGgoM meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha vargIkaraNa vividha rIti se guNoM ke AdhAra para hai| (5) kathAvatthu - isa grantha kI racanA praznottararUpa meM huI hai| isa grantha kA mahattva

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bauddhadharma ke vikAsAtmaka itihAsa ke liye sarvAdhika hai| piTakAntargata hone para bhI isake racayitA tissa moggaliputta haiM, jo tIsarI saGgIti ke adhyakSa the| isameM kramazaH bauddhadharma meM jo matabheda hue, unakA bhI saMgraha bAda taka hotA rahA hai| matAntaroM kA pUrvapakSarUpa meM samarthana karake phira unakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| AtmA hai yA nahIM?'-Adi prazna uThA kara bauddha mantavyoM kI sthApanA kI gayI hai| (6) yamaka-isameM pratyeka prazna kA uttara do prakAra se diyA gayA hai| aura kathAvatthu taka ke granthoM se jina zaGkAoM kA samAdhAna nahIM huA, unakA vivaraNa isameM diyA gayA hai| (7) paTThAna-ise 'mahApakaraNa' bhI kahate haiN| isameM nAma aura rUpa ke 24 prakAra ke kAryakAraNabhAva-sambandha kI vistRta carcA hai| .... piTaketara grantha (1) piTaketara pAligranthoM meM milindapajjo grantha (milindaprazna) sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa hai| samasta pAli vAGmaya meM zailI kI dRSTi se yaha anupama hai| AcArya nAgasena ke sAtha grIkasamrAT minANDara (I0 pU0 prathama zatAbdI) ke saMvAda kI yojanA hone se isa grantha kA nAma sArthaka hai| isa grantha kI prAcInatA aura prAmANikatA isI se siddha hotI hai ki AcArya buddhadhoSa ne, piTaka se bAhya hone para bhI, isa grantha kI tripiTaka ke samAna prAmANikatA mAnI hai aura isake uddharaNa apane granthoM meM diye haiN| - isa grantha meM bauddhadarzana ke jaTila praznoM ko, jaise-anAtmavAda, kSaNabhaGgavAda ke sAthasAtha karma, punarjanma, aura nirvANa Adi ko, sarala upamAeM dekara, tArkika dRSTi se sulajhAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| (2) milindapaha ke samAna hI nettippakaraNa bhI prAcIna grantha hai| jo ki mahAkaccAna kI kRti mAnA jAtA hai| (3)isI koTi kA eka anya prakaraNa-grantha peTakopadesa bhI hai| yaha bhI mahAkaccAna kI kRti hai| anupiTaka yA aTThakathA sAhitya tripiTaka tathA piTaketara sAhitya ke bAda pAlisAhitya meM aTThakathA sAhitya kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai| aTThakathA arthakathA arthAt vyaakhyaa| pUrva kAla meM jaise brAhmaNa-sAhitya meM sUtragranthoM para bhASya likhane kI paripATI thI, vaise hI pAlisAhitya meM aTThakathA nAma se vyAkhyAeM likhane kI paripATI clii| ye aTThakathAe~ artha kI vyAkhyA ke sAtha aitihAsika pRSThabhUmi ko bhI spaSTataH vivRta karatI huI nAma-granthoM kI apekSA apane Apa meM adhika mahattvapUrNa ho gyiiN| saMskRta bhASyoM meM artha kI vyAkhyA para hI bala diyA jAtA hai, aneka siddhAntoM yA vicAradhArAoM ke vivaraNa vahA~ Ate haiM, kintu ve 'ityeke' 'ityapare' kaha kara chor3a dete haiN| vahA~ kevala siddhAnta kA hI artha-vivecana adhika huA hai| kauna sA siddhAnta kaba utpanna huA, athavA vaha kisa kA thA?-Adi kI khoja nahIM kI gyii| pAli-aTThakathAoM meM aisI bAta nahIM hai| jaise 'kathAvatthu' kI aTThakathA ko hI lIjiye, vahA~ nirAkRta 216 siddhAntoM meM se kauna kisa kA, kisa sampradAya kA siddhAnta thA, kaba utpanna huA? Adi kA pUrNa vivaraNa milatA hai| astu| prAcIna siMhalI aTThakathAe~-buddhaghoSa kI aTThakathAoM ke sAkSya ke AdhAra para hama jAnate haiM ki siMhala meM sampUrNa tripiTaka para siMhalI bhASA meM likhI huI aTThakathAeM upalabdha thiiN|

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00 visuddhimagga jaise-suttapiTaka para mahAaTThakathA thI, vinayapiTaka para kurundI thI aura abhidhammapiTaka kI aTThakathA kA nAma thA mhaapccrii| ye prAcIna siMhalI aTThakathAe~ bArahavIM zatAbdI taka upalabdha thiiN| Aja inakA koI aMza surakSita nahIM hai| pAli sAhitya ke bhAratIya aTThakathAkAra-bhAratIya aTThakathAkAroM meM tIna nAma prasiddha hai-buddhadatta, buddhaghoSa tathA dhmmpaal| inameM buddhadatta tathA buddhaghoSa donoM samakAlika the-yaha 'buddhaghosuppatti', 'sAsanavaMsa' Adi granthoM ke pramANa se spaSTa siddha hai| ye donoM 'siMhalI aTThakathAoM ke AdhAra para tripiTaka kI prAmANika aTThakathAe~ likhI jAya '-isa eka hI uddezya se zrIlaGkA bhI pahuMce the| yaha bAta 'buddhaghosuppatti' tathA 'vinayavinicchaya' granthoM meM samudra meM nAva para hue buddhadatta-buddhaghoSa saMvAda se spaSTa hai / yadyapi buddhadatta avasthA meM vRddha the, tathApi aTThakathA-lekhana kA kArya unhoMne taba taka sthagita rakhA, jaba taka AcArya buddhaghoSa zrIlaGkA se, apane lakSya meM saphala hokara, vApasa nahIM A gye| AcArya buddhadatta-uttaravinicchaya, vinayavinicchaya nAma se vinayapiTaka kI aTThakathA, abhidhammAvatAra nAma se abhidhammapiTaka kI aTThakathA tathA rUpArUpavibhAga aura madhuratthavilAsinI nAma se buddhavaMsa kI aTThakathA likhane vAle AcArya buddhadatta cola rAjya meM uragapura ke nivAsI the| AcArya dhammapAla-ye bhI dAkSiNAtya the| inakA janma tamiLa pradeza ke kAJcIpura meM huA thaa| inakI racanAyeM ye haiM (1) paramatthadIpanI-yaha khudakanikAya ke udAna, itivRttaka, vimAnavatthu, petavatthu, theragAthA, therIgAthA evaM cariyApiTaka granthoM kI aTThakathA hai| ina granthoM para AcArya buddhaghoSa ne aTThakathAe~ nahIM likhiiN| (2) nettippakaraNaaTThakathA-yaha nettippakaraNa kI aTThakathA hai| (3) nettitthakathAya TIkA-uparyukta nettippakaraNa kI aTThakathA kI ttiikaa| (4) paramatthamaJjUsA-visuddhimagga kI prasiddha atttthkthaa| (5)lInatthappakAsinI-dIghanikAyAdi cAra nikAyoM para buddhaghoSa kI aTThakathA para ttiikaa| (6) jAtakaTThakathA kI TIkA-yaha bhI lInatthappakAsinI nAma se prasiddha hai| (7) buddhadatta kRta madhuratthavilAsinI kI ttiikaa| AcArya dhammapAla kI ina sAtoM aTThakathAoM meM paramatthamajUsA sabase adhika prasiddha hai| inhoMne buddhadata tathA buddhaghoSa dvArA racita granthoM para TIkAeM likhI haiM, ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki ye una donoM se bAda ke the| pAli-sAhitya ke yugavidhAyaka AcArya buddhaghoSa visuddhimagga ke racayitA AcArya buddhaghoSa kI vizva ke prasiddha dArzanikoM, vizeSataH bauddha dArzanikoM tathA granthakAroM, kI paMkti meM prathama gaNanA kI jAtI hai| unhoMne apanA samagra jIvana pAlisAhitya kI zrIvRddhi meM lagA diyaa| unakI lekhanI ke satata prayAsa se bhagavAn buddha dvArA upadiSTa tripiTaka tathA pAlisAhitya ke siddhAnta lupta hone se baca gye| sabhI itihAsakAra mAnate haiM ki yadi AcArya buddhaghoSa ne sampUrNa tripiTaka para apanI gevaSaNApUrNa aTThakathAe~ na likhI hotI to Aja tripiTaka vAGmaya lupta hotA yA na hotA, para usako itanI saralatA se

Page #12
11 samajhanA atyanta durUha ho jaataa| unhoMne apanI aTThakathAoM meM na kevala buddhavacanoM kA prAmANika artha hI prastuta kiyA, apitu apane se prAcIna tathA sama kAla ke darzana, itihAsa, dharma, rAjanIti, arthanIti, samAjanIti Adi viSayoM kA bhI yathAsthAna samIkSAtmaka varNana vistAra se kiyA hai, isaliye itihAkAra AcArya buddhaghoSa ko muktakaNTha se 'pAlisAhitya kA yugavidhAyaka' mAnate haiN| aise mahApuruSoM ke vyaktigata jIvana ke viSaya meM jJAna rakhanA puNyaprada tathA sAmAnya jana ke liye utsAhavardhaka hotA hai| buddhaghoSa kA jIvanaparicaya parantu AcArya ne bhI, anya bhAratIya manISiyoM kI taraha, apane vyaktigata jIvana ke viSaya meM adhika kucha nahIM likhaa| apanI aTThakathAoM ke prArambha aura anta meM unhoMne jo kucha likhA bhI hai usase unakI racanAoM para hI kucha prakAza par3atA hai ki ve kisa uddezya likhI gayIM, yA kinakI preraNA se likhI gayIM; parantu AcArya ke jIvana ke viSaya meM unase kucha vizeSa patA nahIM lgtaa| sambhavataH, anya bhAratIya RSi-muniyoM kI taraha, buddhaghoSa ne bhI apane mahAn uddezya ke sAmane vyaktigata jIvana kI mahattA ko pUrNataH tirohita kara diyaa| parantu mAnava hone ke nAte hama unake mAnava rUpa ke viSaya meM bhI kucha jAnane ko utsuka haiM, tAki vaha jAnakArI hamAre jIvana meM bhI sambala ke rUpa meM kAma A ske| buddhaghoSa ke jIvana ke viSaya meM jAnane ke liye unakI likhI aTThakathAoM ke atirikta ye sAdhana haiM - 1. cULavaMsa ke 37 veM pariccheda kI 215 - 246 gAthAe~, 2 . buddhaghosuppati, 3. gandhavaMsa, 4. sAsanavaMsa tathA saddhammasaMgaha / cULavaMsa kA uparyukta aMza, jisameM buddhaghoSa kI jIvanI hai, dhammakitti ( dharmakIrti ) nAma ke bhikSu kI racanA hai| jinakA kAla terahavIM zatAbdI kA madhya-bhAga hai| jabaki buddha Sa kA jIvana-kAla cauthI- pA~cavIM zatAbdI IsvI mAnA jAtA hai, ataH unase ATha-nau sau varSa bAda likhI unakI jIvanI pUrNataH prAmANika nahIM mAnI jA sakatI- - yaha to nizcita hai; phira bhI buddhaghoSa kI jIvanI kA sabase adhika prAmANika varNana jo hameM milatA hai, vaha yahI hai| isI prakAra 'gandhavaMsa' aura 'sAsanavaMsa' to ThIka unnIsavIM sadI kI racanAeM haiM, ataH hama inake sahAre kitanA kAma calA sakate haiM! dhammakitti mahAsAmI kI 'buddhaghosuppatti' racanA caudahavIM zatAbdI kI hai jo cULavaMsa ke bAda aura 'gandhavaMsa' aura 'sAsanavaMsa' se pahale kI racanA hai| isa racanA meM itanI adhika atizayoktiyA~ bharI par3I haiM ki sarvAMza meM isakA bhI prAmANya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ataH 'cULavaMsa' ke uparyukta aMza ko hI isa sambandha meM sabase adhika prAmANika mAnA hai| usake anusAra AcArya buddhaghoSa kI jIvanI kucha isa prakAra likhI jA sakatI hai AcArya buddhaghoSa kA janma gayA (vihAra) ke samIpa bodhivRkSa ke nikaTa (kisI grAma meM) brAhmaNaparivAra meM huA / bAlyAvasthA meM hI yaha brAhmaNavidyArthI zilpa aura tInoM vedoM meM pAraGgata hokara zAstrArtha karatA huA bhAratavarSa meM jahA~-tahA~ ghUmane lgaa| isako jJAna kI utkaTa . jijJAsA thI, yogAbhyAsa meM atyadhika ruci thI / eka dina yaha rAtri meM kisI vihAra meM pahu~ca gyaa| vahA~ pAtaJjala yoga para bahuta acchA pravacana kiyaa| kintu revata nAma bauddha sthavira ne isako vAda-carcA meM parAjita kara diyaa| ina bauddhabhikSu ke zrImukha se buddhazAsana kA apUrva varNana sunakara buddhaghoSa ko yaha vizvAsa ho gayA ki nirvANaprApti kA ekamAtra yahI mArga hai| aura

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12 visuddhimagga unhoMne usa mata meM mahAsthavira revata se pravrajyA grahaNa kara lii| pravrajita hokara unhoMne tripiTaka kA gambhIra adhyayana kiyaa| vastutaH pravrajita hone se pUrva buddhaghoSa eka brAhmaNa-vidyArthI (brAhmaNamANava) mAtra the| bAda meM bhikSusaGgha ne tripiTaka meM unake gambhIra ghoSa ko buddha ke samAna jAnakara 'buddhaghoSa' kI padavI dii| unhoMne, jisa vihAra meM inakI pravrajyA huI thI, vahIM jANodaya (jJAnodaya) nAmaka grantha kI racanA kii| isake bAda vahIM inhoMne dhammasaGgaNi (abhidhammapiTaka kA prathama grantha) para 'aTThasAlinI' nAmaka aTThakathA bhI likhii| aura anta meM tripiTaka para eka saMkSipta aTThakathA likhane kA bhI upakrama kiyA, jise dekhakara unake guru mahAsthavira revata ne unheM parAmarza diyA- "laGkA se yahAM bhArata meM kevala mUla pAli-tripaTika hI lAyA gayA hai, parantu aTThakathAe~ yahA~ upalabdha nahIM hai| laGkAdvIpa meM mahAsthavira mahendra dvArA saMgRhIta 'prAmANika aTThakathAe~ siMhalI bhASA meM surakSita haiN| tuma vahA~ jAkara unakA zravaNa karo, aura bAda meM mAgadhI bhASA meM unakA rUpAntara karo, tAki ve sarvajanasAdhAraNa ke liye sulabha hokara hitAvaha ho skeN|" isa prakAra guru kI AjJA se AcArya buddhaghoSa laGkAdhipati mahAnAma ke zAsanakAla meM laGkA gye| vahA~ anurAdhapura ke mahAvihAra meM 'mahApadhAna' nAmaka bhavana meM rahakara unhoMne saGghapAla nAmaka sthavira se siMhalI aTThakathAoM aura sthaviravAda kI paramparA ko sunaa| jaba buddhaghoSa ko zravaNa, manana, nididhyAsana karate karate yaha nizcaya ho gayA ki tathAgata (buddha) kA yahI ThIka abhiprAya hai, taba unhoMne mahAvihAra ke bhikSusaGgha se prArthanA kI-"maiM aTThakathAoM kA mAgadhI bhASA meM rUpAntara (anuvAda) karanA cAhatA hU~, mujhe Apa loga apanI pustakeM dekhane kI anumati deN|" isapara unhoMne unakI parIkSA ke liye pahale unheM tripiTaka (saMyuktanikAya) kI do gAthAe~ vyAkhyA karane ke liye dii| buddhaghoSa ne una do gAthAoM kI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM visuddhimagga' kI racanA kii| isa vidvattApUrNa racanA ko dekhakara bhikSu itane prasanna hue ki unhoMne buddhaghopa ko sAkSAt bhagavAn maitreya buddha (bhAvI buddha) hI mAna liyA aura unheM apanI saba pustakeM dekhane kI AjJA de dii| anurAdhapura ke usa granthakAra-vihAra meM baiThakara AcArya buddhaghopa ne siMhalI aTThakathAoM kA mAgadhI-bhASAntara pUrNa kiyaa| isake bAda ve apanI janmabhUmi bhArata lauTa aaye| kAla-buddhaghoSa laGkAdhipati mahAnAma ke samaya meM laGkA gaye the| isa rAjA mahAnAma kA zAsanakAla cauthI zatAbdI ke antima bhAga meM yA pAMcavIM zatAbdI ke prArambhika bhAga meM mAnA jAtA hai| ataH nizcita hai ki buddhaghoSa ne apane granthoM kI racanA isI kAla meM kii| barmI bhikSu-paramparA bhI yaha mAnatI hai ki AcArya buddhaghoSa pA~cavIM zatAbdI ke prArambhika bhAga meM laGkA gaye the| .kyoMki usa samaya unakI avasthA yuvA to rahI hI hogI, ataH unakA jIvanakAla nizcaya hI cauthI-pA~cavIM zatAbdI kahA jA sakatA hai| - janmasthAna-'cULavaMsa' ke uparyukta aMza meM AcArya buddhaghoSa kA janmasthala bauddhagayA (yA bodhigayA) ke samIpa brAhmaNa kula meM batAyA gayA hai| parantu prasiddha vidvAn zrI dharmAnanda kozAmbI jI, barmI paramparA ke anusAra, buddhaghoSa ko dakSiNa bhArata kA nivAsI mAnate haiN| aura ve.visuddhimagma ke upasaMhAra meM likhe isa vAkya se "buddhaghoSo ti.garUhi gahitanAmadheyyena therena moraNDakheTakavattabbena" AcArya buddhaghoSa kI janmabhUmi moraNDa nAmaka kheTaka (-kher3A, choTa grAma) ko mAnate haiN| saMkSepa meM, "buddhaghoSa ne, kyoMki apane jIvana kA sabase mahattvapUrNa

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13 kArya dakSiNa ke nagaroM meM hI kiyA, ataH ve dakSiNa ke hI nivAsI the " - aisA niSkarSa AcArya kozAmbI jI ne unakI likhI aTThakathAoM ke sAkSya para nikAlA hai| jo kucha sImA taka hI ThIka kahA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki ukta antaH sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para hama itanA hI mAna sakate haiM AcArya buddhaghoSa kA adhikatara jIvanakArya dakSiNa bhArata meM huA hogA, janma nhiiN| parinirvANa - kamboDiyA ke nivAsI yaha mAnate haiM ki AcArya buddhaghoSa mahAsthavira kA parinirvANa unake deza (kamboDiyA) meM hI huA thA / vahA~ 'buddhaghoSavihAra' nAmaka eka atyanta prAcIna vihAra yathAkathamapi surakSita hai| DaoN0 vimalacaraNa lAhA ne bhI yahI siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ! parantu 'cULavaMsa' tathA 'buddhaghosuppatti', jo apekSAkRta prAcIna tathA paramparAprApta grantha haiM, ke AdhAra para AcArya kA parinirvANa buddhagayA meM bodhivRkSa ke samIpa huA, aura vahIM zraddhAlujanoM ne unake asthyavazeSa para stUpa kA nirmANa kraayaa| yaha mAnane meM hameM bhI hAni kyA hai ! AcArya buddhaghoSa dvArA racita grantha 1. visuddhimagga - saMyuktanikAya meM AyI do gAthAoM ko vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM racita bauddhayoga para anupama grantha / 2. samantapAsAdikA (vinayapiTaka kI aTThakathA ) / 3. kaGkhAvitaraNI (pAtimokkha kI aTThakathA) / 4. sumaGgalavilAsinI ( dIghanikAya kI aTThakathA) / 5. papaJcasUdanI (majjhimanikAya kI aTThakathA ) / 6. sAratthapakAsinI (saMyuttanikAya kI atttthkthaa)| 7. manorathapUraNI (aGguttaranikAya kI atttthkthaa)| 8. paramatthajotikA (khuddakanikAya ke khuddakapATha tathA suttanipAta kI aTThakathA) / 9. aTThasAlinI (dhammasaGgaNi kI aTThakathA) / 10. sammohavinodinI (vibhaGga kI aTThakathA) / 11-15. paJcappakaraNaTThakathA - abhidhammapiTaka ke avaziSTa pA~ca granthoM kI aTThakathA / 16. jAtakaTTavaNNanA- jAtaka kI aTThakathA / 17. dhammapadaTThakathA - dhammapada kI aTThakathA / 18. jANodaya - jJAnodaya aadi| yaha grantha abhI taka upalabdha nahIM huA hai| 19. inake atirikta zrI kuppUsvAmI zAstrI ne padayacUr3AmaNi (siddhArthacaritamahAkAvya) nAmaka grantha ko bhI AcArya buddhaghoSa kI racanA mAnA hai| parantu DaoN0 vimalacaraNa lAhA, pramANoM ke AdhAra para ukta grantha ko AcArya kI racanA ke rUpa meM svIkRta nahIM kara pA rahe haiN| visuddhimagga visuddhimagga bauddhasAhitya kA eka anupama grantha hai| yaha grantha pradhAnataH yogazAstra kA vizada vyAkhyAna hai, ataH isameM yogAbhyAsa meM pravRtta honevAle jijJAsu ke liye, prArambha se lekara siddhi taka kI samagra vidhiyA~ to kramabaddha paddhati se varNita kI hI gayI haiM, sAtha hI prasaGgaprasaGga para bauddhadarzana kI anya vivecanAtmaka gaveSaNAe~ tathA brAhmaNadarzanoM kI vizeSataH vyAkaraNa, nyAya, sAMkhya, yoga, Ayurveda tathA mImAMsA zAstroM kI granthiyA~ bhI atIva sarala bhASA meM samajhA dI gayI haiM / ataH yadi vidvAn loga isa grantha ko 'bauddhadharma kA vizvakoSa' kahate haiM to isameM

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14 visuddhimagga koI atizayokti nahIM hai| yaha kahakara una vidvAnoM ne isa grantha kI tathA isake racayitA AcArya buddhaghoSa kI vAstavika prazaMsA hI kI hai| AcArya buddhaghoSa bhI apane isa visuddhimagga ko apanI sampUrNa racanAoM kA kendrabindu mAnate the, ata: ve apanI aTThakathAoM ke manana-cintana karane vAle pAThaka se yaha apekSA rakhate the ki vaha sarvaprathama 'visuddhimagga' pddh'e| isaliye unhoMne apanI Age kI aTThakathAoM ke prArambha meM hI bAra-bAra kahA hai-'cAroM nikAyoM (dIgha, majjhima, saMyutta tathA aMguttara) ke madhya sthita yaha visuddhimagga una nikAyoM ke buddhasammata artha ko prakAzita karane meM sahAyaka hogaa|' __ isase yaha spaSTa hI siddha hai ki AcArya ne pahale visuddhimAga kI racanA kI, bAda meM ukta cAroM nikAyoM kI aTThakathAoM kii| isIliye visuddhimagga meM jisa viSaya kA vistRta nirUpaNa kara diyA hai use puna: una aTThakathAoM meM nahIM duharAyA aura vahA~ likha diyA ki "ina saba kA zuddhatayA nirUpaNa visuddhimagga meM kara diyA hai, ata: use jijJAsu pAThakoM ko vahIM dekha lenA caahiye| use maiM yahAM na duhraauuNgaa|" ... jaisA ki sarvavidita hai, visuddhimagga saMyuttanikAya meM AyI do gAthAoM ke AdhAra para racita, bauddha yogazAstra kA svatantra maulika prakaraNa-grantha hai| ina donoM meM pahalI gAthA prazna ke rUpa meM tathA dUsarI gAthA uttara ke rUpa meM hai| isa dUsarI gAthA kA hI AcArya ne visuddhimagga ke rUpa meM vistRta vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| pahalI gAthA hai anto jaTA bahi jaTA jaTAya jaTitA pjaa| taM taM gotama pucchAmi-ko imaM vijaTaye jtt?|| ti|| [eka bAra bhagavAn buddha zrAvastI meM vihAra kara rahe the, usa samaya kisI devatA ne Akara bhagavAn se pUchA-andara bhI jajAla (Thalajhana) hai, bAhara bhI jaJjAla hai, yaha sArA saMsAra jaJjAla se kaise chuTakArA pA sakatA hai? arthAt yaha samagra saMsAra bhavabandhana meM jakar3A huA hai, kauna kisa upAya se isase mukta ho sakatA hai ?] dUsarI gAthA hai sIle patidvAya naro sapano cittaM paJkhaM ca bhaavyN| AtApI nipako bhikkhu so imaM vijaTaye jaTaM ti|| [isake uttara meM bhagavAn kahate haiM-zIla (sadAcAra) meM pratiSThita ho kara jo prajJAvAn . puruSa jaba samAdhi aura prajJA kI bhAvanA karatA hai, taba vaha udyogI tathA jJAnavAn puruSa bhikSu (tyAgI) ho kara isa jAla (bhavabandhana) ko sulajhA letA hai| AcArya ne bhagavAn ke isa uttara ke sahAre samagra bauddha siddhAnta aura darzana ko eka nizcita uddezya meM grathita kara visuddhimagga kI avatAraNA kI hai| vaha nizcita uddezya hai-sAdhanA mArga ke uttarottara vikAsa kA spaSTatama nirdesh| dUsare zabdoM meM hama yoM bhI kaha sakate haiM ki visuddhimagga bauddhayoga ko eka atyanta kramabaddha paddhati se upasthita karane kA buddhimattApUrNa prayAsa hai| "mana bisuddhimaggo esa catutraM pi AgamAnaM hi| ThatvA pakAsapissati tatva yathAbhAsitaM atyN"ti|| "iti pana sambaM yasmA visuddhimagge mayA suprisuddh| butaM, tasmA bhiyyo na ta idha vicaaryissaamii"ti|| /

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15 bahiraGgakathA varNya viSaya-visuddhimagga kA varNya viSaya saMkSepa meM yaha hai-zIla, samAdhi aura prajJA dvArA citta ke samagramala kA nirasana tathA nirvANa kI prApti (kA upAya) buddha-zAsana kI yahI tIna zikSA haiN| zIla se zAsana kI AdikalyANatA prakAzita hotI hai, samAdhi se madhyekalyANatA, tathA prajJA (paA) se pryvsaanklyaanntaa| zIla se apAya (durgativinipAta) kA atikramaNa, samAdhi se kAmadhAtu kA aura prajJA se sarvabhava kA atikramaNa hotA hai| jo vyakti nirvANa ke liye yatnazIla hotA hai use pahale zIla meM pratiSThita honA caahiye| jaba zIla alpecchatA, santuSTi, praviveka (ekAntavAsa) Adi guNoM dvArA suvizuddha ho jAtA hai to usake prabhAva se citta tathA caitasika dharmoM kI eka Alambana meM vinA kisI vikSepa ke samyak sthiti ho jAtI hai| samAdhi meM vikSepa kA vidhvaMsa hotA hai, aura citta, caitasika viprakIrNa na ho kara eka Alambana meM piNDarUpa se avasthita hote haiN| samAdhi do taraha kI hotI hai-1. laukika samAdhi, aura 2. lokottara smaadhi| kAma, rUpa aura arUpa bhUmiyoM kI kuzala cittaikAgratA ko laukika samAdhi kahate haiM tathA jo cittaikAgratA AryamArga se samprayukta hotI hai use lokottara samAdhi kahate haiN| isa loka ko uttIrNa kara sthita rahane vAlI lokottara samAdhi kA bhAvanAprakAra prajJA ke bhAvanA-prakAra meM saMgRhIta hai| prajJA ke subhAvita hone se hI lokottara samAdhi kI bhAvanA hotI hai| ataH lokottara samAdhi prajJAskandha kA viSaya hai| ___ prayojana-hama pahale kaha Aye haiM ki AcArya buddhaghoSa buddhamata meM pravrajita hone se pUrva pAtaJjala yoga meM niSNAta the| nizcaya hI unhoMne bauddhoM ke isa yogadarzana ko sAdhakoM ke kalyANa ke liye visuddhimagga ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA hai| bhikSu jagadIza kAzyapa ke mata meM "pAtajala yogadarzana kI apekSA visuddhimagga adhika suvyavasthita aura niyamabaddha hai-yaha kahanA atiraJjanA nahIM hogI" AcArya buddhaghoSa ne sAdhakoM ke kalyANa ke liye hI isa grantha kI racanA kI hai-yaha bAta unhoMne chipAyI nahIM, api tu pratyeka pariccheda ke anta meM 'sAdhujanapAmojatthAya kate visuddhimagge' kahakara apane hRdaya kI bAta bAra-bAra spaSTa kara dI . isI prakAra unhoMne grantha ke prArambha meM bhI kaha diyA ki maiM aba vizuddhi ke mArga kA pravacana karUMgA, sabhI sAdhu puruSa, jinheM apanI cittavizuddhi kI kAmanA hai, mere kahe hue ko AdarapUrvaka surne| isa taraha anta:sAkSya ke spaSTa AdhAra se siddha ho jAtA hai ki isa grantha kA nirmANa kevala sAdhu (sAdhaka) jana ke prAmodha (kalyANa) ke liye hI huA hai| AdhAra-yaha grantha mahAvihAravAsI bhikSuoM kI upadeza-vidhi para AdhRta hai, yaha bAta bhI AcArya ne prArambha meM hI yaha kara spaSTa kara dI hai ki "mahAvihAravAsI bhikSuoM kI upadezavidhi para AdhRta visuddhimagga grantha kA kathana kruuNgaa|" __ yaha bAta pahale kahI jA cukI hai ki buddhaghoSa ke samaya taka pAlitripiTaka tathA pAlisAhitya ke viSaya meM siMhaladvIpa kI prAmANikatA sarvopari thii| siMhala dvIpa meM bhI anurAdhapurasthita mahAvihAra pAli-sAhitya kA sarvopari prAmANika pITha thaa| AcArya kA isI mahAvihAra meM rahane vAle sthAvira bhikSuoM kI ora saMketa hai| isa taraha mahAvihAravAsI bhikSuoM "mahAvihAravAsIna desnaanynissit| visuddhimArga bhAsissa"

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16 visuddhimagga ke nAma-grahaNa se AcArya yaha kahanA cAhate haiM ki visuddhimagga meM jo kucha bhI likhA yA kahA gayA hai vaha svakapolakalpanA nahIM hai, apitu usa samaya ke prAmANika bhikSuoM kI saraNi ke anusAra bauddhayoga kA yaha eka prAmANika vivecana hai| adhikArI-ataH cittavizuddhi kA mArga khojane vAle sabhI prajJAvAn yogijanoM ko isa visuddhimagga grantha kA Adara karanA cAhiye / ve hI isa grantha ke adhyayana ke vAstavika adhikArI hai| visuddhimagga kI viSayavastu visuddhimagga tIna bhAga aura teIsa paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai| pahalA bhAga zIlaskandha kahalAtA hai| isameM, prathama do paricchedoM meM, zIla tathA usakI prApti ke upAyabhUta teraha dhutAGgoM kA vizada varNana hai| dvitIya bhAga samAdhiskandha kahalAtA hai| isameM paricchedakrama se 11 paricchedoM (3 se 13 taka) meM karmasthAnoM kI grahaNavidhi, pRthvIkasiNa, zeSakasiNa, azubha karmasthAna chaha anusmRti, anusmRti karmasthAna, brahmavihAra, ArUpya, samAdhi, Rddhividha tathA abhijJAoM kA varNana hai| tIsarA bhAga prajJAskandha hai, isameM (14 se 23 pariccheda taka) kramazaH skandha, AyatanaH, dhAtu, indriya-satya, pratItyasamutpAda (prajJAbhUmi), dRSTivizuddhi, kAMkSAvitaraNavizuddhi, mArgAmArgajJAnadarzanavizuddhi, pratipadAjJAnadarzanavizuddhi, jJAnadarzanavizuddhi tathA anta meM prajJAbhAvanA kA mAhAtmya varNita hai| Age hama kramazaH isa grantha ke pratyeka pariccheda kA varNya viSaya vistAra se likheMge, tAki pAli na jAnane vAle jijJAsu jana bhI isakA lAbha uThA sakeM; ataH yahA~ hama itanA hI kahakara anya prasaGga para Ate haiN| visuddhimagga kA sampAdana isa grantha ke sampAdana meM hamane adholikhita saMskaraNoM, granthoM tathA TIkAoM kA Alambana kiyA hai ___1. AcArya dharmAnanda kozAmbI dvArA sampAdita tathA bhAratIya vidyAbhavana, bambaI se prakAzita (1940 I0) visuddhimgg| mUla pAli-pATha ke liye yaha sarvatobhadra saMskaraNa hai| hamane apane isa saMskaraNa meM isI ke AdhAra para hI prAyaH sarvatra pATha rakhA hai| 2. AcArya revatadhamma dvArA sampAdita, vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya se prakAzita (san 1972 I0) visuddhimagga (tIna bhAgoM meN)| yaha saMskaraNa AcArya dhammapAla racita paramatthamajUsA nAmaka visuddhimaggamahATIkA ke sAtha prakAzita huA hai| isa ke sampAdaka ke varmA deza kA nivAsI hone ke kAraNa aura barmA deza ke granthoM ke AdhAra para hI sampAdana karane ke kAraNa isa saMskaraNa para barmI paramparA kI adhika chApa hai, jisase visuddhimagga meM Agata bahuta se zabda bhAratIya paramparA, jo ki nAlandA se prakAzita pAli tripiTaka tathA aTThakathA sAhitya meM spaSTa parilakSita hotI hai, se dUra jA par3e haiM, ata: paDhane-bolane meM kucha aTapaTe lagate haiM; kyoMki yaha grantha bhArata meM pahalI bAra prakAzita ho rahA thA, isa dRSTi kA bhI sampAdaka ko avazya dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye thaa| isa taraha, zabdavaimatya ke atirikta, yaha saMskaraNa bhI suparizuddha hai| ataH grantha ke sampAdana meM hameM isa saMskaraNa se bhI atyadhika sahAyatA milI hai| "taM me sakkacca bhaasto| visuddhikAmA sabbe pi nisAmayatha sAdhavo" ti|

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bahiraGgakathA 3. AcArya dharmAnanda kozAmbI kRta visuddhimagga- TIkA kA bhI hamane pAda-TippaNiyoM meM sahArA liyA hai| 17 4. DaoN0 bhikSu dharmarakSita kRta tathA jJAnamaNDala limiTeDa vArANasI se prakAzita (san 1956 I0) visuddhimagga kA hindI bhASAntara / isa saMskaraNa ne bhI hamako pAda-TippaNiyoM meM yatra-tatra sahArA diyA hai| 5. grantha kA pairAgrAphiMga tathA usakA kramAGka hamArA apanA hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki zrI kozAmbIjI ke saMskaraNa meM hameM lagA ki unhoMne kramAGka ke sambandha meM romana saMskaraNa kA andhAnukaraNa kiyA hai| jisase kahIM-kahIM unake saMskaraNa meM viSaya-vastu kI hAsyAspada sthiti bana gayI hai| DaoN0 revatadhamma ne pairAgrAphiMga tathA kramAGka ke sambandha meM adhika sAvadhAnI rakhI hai, parantu ve bhI barmI saMskaraNa kA moha - saMvaraNa nahIM kara ske| ataH hamane donoM ke hI kramAGkoM ko na lekara viSayavastu ke anusAra prArambha meM svatantra kramAGka diye haiN| tathA avAntara viSayavastu ko samajhAne ke liye anta meM avAntara kramAGka bhI diye haiN| usa se bhI kAma na calA to kahIM-kahIM (ka), (kha) se bhI viSaya-vastu kA vibhAjana kiyA hai| 6. anusandhAtAoM kI suvidhA ke liye, grantha meM Aye tripiTaka ke granthoM ke uddharaNoM ke anta meM koSThaka meM pRSThAGkasahita sambaddha grantha kA nAma de diyA gayA hai| 7. pAli ke sAdhAraNa pAThakoM ko bhI grantha sukhena paThanIya ho sake, ataH hamane anAvazyaka sandhi vAle pada pRthak pRthak likhe haiM, vizeSataH vagganta (parasavarNa) kI sandhi vAle pada / isa se grantha kI paramparA bhI surakSita rahegI, aura sAdhAraNa pAThakoM ke liye yaha grantha sugrAhya hogA / 8. virAma Adi cihnoM ke liye hamane nAlandA kI paramparA ko Adarza mAnakara usI ke anusAra samagra cihnoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| - 9. isa taraha guru kRpA se atyadhika parizramapUrvaka isa grantha kA sampAdana kiyA gayA hai| pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki hamArA yaha parizrama vidvajjana tathA chAtrajana- donoM ko hI samAna rUpa se hitAvaha tathA sukhAvaha hogA / 10. isa grantha ke sampAdana meM jina-jina mahAnubhAvoM kI kRtiyoM kA, racanAoM kA granthoM kA hamane sahArA liyA hai, usake liye hama una sajjanoM ke hRdaya se sarvAtizayatayA kRtajJa haiN| tathA isake liye unakA AbhAra mAnanA hamArA prathama kartavya hai ! akSayatRtIyA, 2054 vi0 vArANasI vidvajjanavazaMvada svAmI dvArikAdAsazAstrI

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antaraGgakathA mahAvihAravAsIna. desnaanynissitaa| viddhimaggaganthassa abbhantarakathA ayaM // visuddhimagga kI viSaya-bhUmi se avagata hone ke liye yaha parama Avazyaka hai ki hama pahale isa grantha ke pratyeka nirdeza meM pratipAdita viSaya se paricita ho jaay| ata: aba hama kramazaH pratyeka nirdeza meM Agata viSaya-vastu kA saMkSipta paricaya denA ucita samajhate haiN| 1.zIlanirdeza eka samaya bhagavAn zrAvastI ke jetavana meM vihAra kara rahe the| rAtri kA samaya thaa| kisI devaputra ne bhagavAn se Akara pUchA-"bhagavan! yaha manuSya (jaise) andara jajAloM se ghirA huA hai, (vaise hI) bAhara bhI jajAloM se ghirA huA hai| ataH he gautama! merA Apa se yahI pUchanA hai ki kauna ina jaJjAloM ko kATa kara mukti pA sakatA hai?" bhagavAn ne uttara diyA-"devaputra! prajJAvAn, vIryavAn tathA paNDita sAdhaka hI zIla meM pratiSThita ho kara ina uparyukta jaJjAloM ko kATa sakatA hai|" isa taraha bhagavAn ne apane saMkSisa uttara meM saMsAra se mukti pAne ke liye zIla, samAdhi, tathA prajJA kI bhAvanA upadeza kiyaa| jo puruSa svacitta ko zIla se suparizuddha kara cukA hotA hai vahI samAdhi aura prajJA kI bhAvanA kA adhikArI hotA hai, vahI ina upAyoM dvArA nirvANa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| arthAt ukta tIna upAya hI nirvANa ke mArga hai| inheM 'vizuddhi kA mArga' kaha sakate haiN| ukta (zIla, samAdhi aura prajJA) tIna meM se prathama zIla ke viSaya meM ye sAta prazna hote 1. zIla kyA hai ? 2. kisa artha meM zIla hai? 3. zIla ke lakSaNa, kArya, jAnane ke AkAra tathA Asanna kAraNa kyA haiM? 4. zIla kA mAhAtmya kyA hai ? 5. zIla kitane prakAra kA hai? 6. zIla kA mala kyA hai ? 7. aura zIla kI vizuddhi kyA hai? 1. prathama prazna kA uttara hai-prANi-hiMsA Adi se virata rahane vAle tathA vratAdi kA AcaraNa karane vAle sAdhaka ke cetanAdi dharma hI 'zIla' kahalAte haiN| zIla ke prasaGga meM paTisambhidAmagga meM kahA hai-"zIla kise kahate hai ? cetanA ko, caitasika ko, saMvara ko tathA avyatikrama ko 'zIla' kahate haiN|" yahA~ cetanA se tAtparya hai prANAtipAtAdi se virata rahane vAle tathA vratAcArasampanna kI cetnaa| caitasika zIla kahate hai prANAtipAtAdi se virata rahanevAle kI virati ko| saMvara kA artha hai nivRtti| vaha pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai-1. prAtimokSasaMvara, 2. smRtisaMvara, 3. jJAnasaMvara, 4. kSAntisaMvara, 5. viirysNvr| isa prakAra yaha pA~ca prakAra kA saMvara tathA pApa se Darane vAle kulaputroM kI samprApta pApavastu se nivRtti hI saMvarazIla hai| avyatikramazIla se tAtparya hai-grahaNa kiye hue zIla kA vyatikrama (ullaJcana) na krnaa| 2. dvitIya prazna ke uttara meM AcArya kahate haiM-zIlana (AdhAra yA saMyama, ke artha meM zIla hotA hai| arthAt kAya-karma Adi kA saMyama aura suzIlatA se eka jaisA bane rahanA yA Thaharane ke liye AdhAra kI bhA~ti kuzala dharmoM ko dhAraNa karanA-ina arthoM meM yahA~ zIla zabda .. prayoga hai|

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antaraGgakathA 3. cetana Adi bhedoM se usa nAnAvidha zIla kA kAya-karma Adi ke saMyama tathA kuzala dharmoM ke AdhAra ke kAraNa jo zIlana hai, vahI usakA lakSaNa hai| dauHzIlyavidhvaMsana Adi usake kArya haiN| kAyazuddhi, vAkzuddhi tathA manaHzuddhi Adi usa zIla ke jAnane ke AkAra haiN| arthAt jaba ye zuddhiyA~ Ane lageM to samajha lenA cAhiye ki usakA zIla suvizuddha ho rahA hai| isI taraha jaba ukta yogAbhilASI meM hI (lajjAbhAva) kA samyaktayA utpAda hone lage to samajhanA cAhiye ki usameM zIla sthira ho gayA hai; kyoMki hI (lajjA) zIla kA Asanna kAraNa hai| 4. heya upAdeya vastuoM ke liye pazcAttApa na karanA zIla kA mAhAtmya (guNa) hai| aMguttaranikAya meM bhagavAn ne kahA hai-"Ananda, kuzala zIla pazcAttApa na karane ke liye hai| pazcAttApa na karanA isakA guNa hai|" aura isI prasaGga meM dIghanikAya meM unakA vacana hai"gRhapatiyo! zIlavAn kI zIla sampatti ke pA~ca guNa haiN| kauna se pA~ca?.1. yahA~ zIlavAn vyakti, pramAda meM na par3ane ke kAraNa, bahuta sA dhana-vaibhava prApta karatA hai; 2. khyAti, suyaza prApta karatA hai; 3. sabhI manuSyasamUhoM ke bIca, bhale hI ve brAhmaNa hoM kSatriya hoM, vaizya hoM, zUdra hoM, yA zramaNa hoM, vaha nirbhIka niHsaMkoca jAne kA sAhasa rakhatA hai; 4. zIlavAn vyakti mRtyu ke sammukha Ane para bhI apanI cetanA nahIM khotA; 5. aura vaha marane ke bAda sugati-svargaloka ko prApta karatA hai|" majjhimanikAya meM bhI bhagavAn kA vacana hai-"yadi koI bhikSu cAhatA hai ki vaha apane sAthiyoM meM sammAna kI dRSTi se dekhA jAya, unakA vaha priyapAtra ho to use zIla (sadAcAra) kA hI pAlana karanA caahiye|" 5. "zIla kitane prakAra kA hotA hai?" -ina pA~caveM prazna ke uttara meM AcArya ne ekavidha, dvividha, trividha,caturvidha tathA paJcavidha bheda se nAnA prakAra se zIla ke bheda kiye haiN| parantu ve saba caturvidha pArizuddhizIla meM hI upasaMhata ho sakate haiM ata: inakA jJAna avazya kara lenA caahiye| cAra pArizuddhizIla ye haiM-(ka) prAtimokSasaMvarazIla, (kha) indriyasaMvarazIla, (ga) AjIvapArizuddhizIla, aura (gha) prtyysnishritshiil| (ka) saMvara kA artha hai ddhknaa| prAtimokSa kahate haiM bhagavAn ke zikSApadoM ko| usa prAtimokSa (zikSApada) se saMvRta zIla ko prAtimokSasaMvarazIla kahate haiN| AcAragocara se sampanna rahanA, alpamAtra doSa meM bhI bhaya dekhanA-prAtimokSasaMvarazIla kahalAtA hai| (kha) zarIra yA vANI dvArA zIloM kA ullaGghana na karanA indriyasaMvarazIla kahalAtA hai| vaha prAtimokSasaMvarazIla sampanna bhikSu AMkha se rUpa dekhakara, kAna se zabda sunakara, nAka se gaMdha rUSa kara, jIbha se rasa cakhakara, kAya se sparzakara, mana se dharmoM ko jAnakara nimitta aura ana.gajanoM ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai, jinase ki una-una indriyoM meM saMvara rahita hone para lobhadAnasyAdi akuzala dharma utpanna hote haiM, unake saMvara ke liye usakA tatpara honA, usake dvArA unakI surakSA karanA hI indriya-saMvarazIla hai| (ga) AjIvikA ke prasaGga meM kahe gaye chaha zikSApAdoM anusAra AcaraNa karanA AjIvapArizuddhizIla kahalAtA hai| ve chaha zikSApada pArAjika meM yoM kahe hai-1. AjIvikA ke lie janatA ko indrajAla dikhAnA, 2. Thaga-vidyA, 3. apane ko bar3hA-car3hA kara dikhAnA ki jisase kucha mile, 4. bhikSu dvArA apane ko bar3hA-car3hA huA dikhAkara acchA bhojana yA vastra yA anya lAbha kI vastu prApta karanA, 5. yA apanI prazaMsA kara janatA se upabhoga vastue~ prApta krnaa| ina chaha zikSApadoM ke anusAra AjIvikAzIla-rakSA hI AjIvapArizuddhizIla kahalAtA hai|

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visuddhimagga (gha) cIvara, piNDapAta, zayanAsana tathA roga ke liye upayogI oSadhiyA~-ina cAra pratyayoM kA, prajJApUrvaka ThIka-ThIka jAnakara sevana karanA hI pratyayasanizritazIla kahalAtA hai| __ AcArya kahate haiM-jaise TiTiharI pakSI apane aNDe kI, camarI gAya apanI pUMcha kI, mAtA apane putra kI, kANA vyakti apanI A~kha kI, prANoM kI taraha rakSA karatA hai; usI taraha yogAbhyAsI vyakti ko apane ukta caturvidha zIla ke prati prema, gaurava tathA ekaniSThA rakhanI caahiye| prAtimokSasaMvarazIla ko zraddhA se pUrNa karanA caahiye| indriyasaMvarazIla ko smRti se pUrNa karanA cAhiye; kyoMki smRti se saMrakSita indriyA~ lobha Adi se AkrAnta nahIM hotii| isI prakAra AjIvapArizuddhizIla ko vIrya se tathA pratyayasanizrita zIla ko prajJA se pUrNa kiyA jAtA hai| pAka-gaNanA se zIla pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai-1. paryantapArizuddhi zIla, 2. aparyantapArizuddhi zIla, 3. paripUrNapArizuddhi zIla, 4. aparAmRSTa pArizuddhi zIla, tathA 5. prtiprshrbdhipaarishuddhishiil| ina pAMcoM kA vistAra Age grantha se samajha lenA caahiye| 6. aba chaThA prazna raha jAtA hai-zIla kA mala kyA hai? zIla kA khaNDita honA hI usa . kA mala hai| sAta prakAra ke maithunadharma ke saMyoga se zIla khaNDita hotA hai| ataH zIla-saMrakSaNa ke liye sAdhaka ko sAta prakAra ke maithuna dharmoM se satata bacate rahanA caahiye| darzana sparzana, keli Adi sAta prakAra ke maithunadharmoM kA vivaraNa prasaGgavaza aMguttaranikAya (tRtIya bhAga 194 pR0) meM diyA gayA hai| -- 7. sAtaveM prazna ke uttara meM zIla kA akhaNDa rahanA hI usakI vizuddhi hai| yaha vizuddhi zikSApoM ke samAdAna se, prAyazcitta se, saptavidha maithunoM se sarvathA dUra rahane se, krodha, IrSyA Adi durguNoM ke anutpAda se tathA alpecchatA, santoSa Adi guNoM ke utpAda se sAdhaka ko saMgRhIta karanI caahiye| 2.dhutAGganirdeza bhagavAn ne, jina jijJAsuoM dvArA lAbha-satkAra Adi kA parityAga kara diyA gayA hai una anuloma mArga ko pUrNa karanA cAhane vAloM ke liye, ina 13 dhutAGgoM kA upadeza kiyA hai| ye sabhI dhutAna zIla-samAdAna ke liye atyAvazyaka haiN| kramazaH ve 13 dhutAGga ye haiM 1. paMsukUlikA (pAMzukUlikAGga), 2. tecIvarikaGga (cIvarikAGga), 3. piNDapAtikaGga (piNDapAtikAGga), 4. sapadAnacArikaGga (sApadAnacArikAGga), 5. ekAsanikaGga (aikAsanikAGga), 6. pattapiNDikaGga (pAtrapiNDikAGga), 7. khalupacchAbhattikA (khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga), 8. AraaikaGga (AraNyakAna), 9. rukkhamUlikaGga (vRkSamUlikAGga), 10. abbhokAsikaGga (abhyavakAzikAGga), 11. sosanikaGga (zmAzAnikAGga), 12. yathAsanthatikaGga (yathAsaMstarikAGga) evaM 13. nesajjikaGga (naissdhkaangg)| ye sabhI ana, grahaNa karane se klezanAzaka hone ke kAraNa, dhuta (parizuddha) bhikSu ke anna kahalAte haiN| yA klezoM ko dhuna DAlane ke kAraNa dhuta nAmaka jJAnAGga kahalAte haiN| ___ ina sabhI ko bhagavAn se grahaNa karanA caahiye| bhagavAn kI anupasthiti meM mahAzrAvaka se, mahAzrAvaka ke na hone para, kSINAsrava, anAgAmI, sakRdAgAmI, srotaApana se, unake bhI na hone para tripiTakaghara, dvipiTakadhara, ekanikAyadhara yA aTThakathAcArya se grahaNa karanA caahiye| ye

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antaraGgakathA 21 bhI na hoM to dhutAGgadhArI se inako grahaNa karanA caahiye| isa ke bhI na hone para caitya ko nirmala kara utkuTika (ukaDU) baiThakara, bhagavAn ke pAsa baiThe hue ke samAna svayaM grahaNa karanA bhI ucita hai| 1. pAMzu kA artha hai dhUla / sar3aka, zmazAna yA kUr3A-karkaTa ke Dhera para jahA~ kahIM dhUla para par3e vastra 'pAMzukUla' kahalAte haiM, unheM dhAraNa karane vAlA 'pAMzukUlika' kahalAtA hai| isakA aGga (niyama) 'pAMzukUlikAGga' kahalAtA hai| jo bhikSu pAMzukUlikAGgavrata dhAraNa karatA hai, use 1. " gRhasthoM dvArA diye gaye cIvara ko tyAgatA hU~", yA 2. 'pAMzukUlikAGga grahaNa karatA hU~'- ina donoM meM se eka kA adhiSThAna karanA cAhiye / 2. bhikSu ke tIna vastra (cIvara) hote haiM - (ka) saGghATi, (kha) uttarAsaGga, (ga) antrvaask| jo bhikSu ina tIna vastroM se adhika grahaNa nahIM karatA use 'traicIvarika' kahate haiN| usakA yaha dhutAGga 'traicIvarikAGga' kahalAtA hai| 3. bhikSA ke rUpa meM prApta anna yA dUsaroM ke dvArA diyA huA anna 'piNDapAta' kahalAtA hai / jo piNDapAta ke liye ghara-ghara ghUmatA hai use 'piNDapAtika' kahate haiN| usakA yaha dhutAGga 'piNDapAtikAGga' kahalAtA hai| 4. grAma meM vinA antara DAle pratyeka ghara se bhikSA grahaNa karane vAlA 'sApadAnacArika' kahalAtA hai| isakA yaha aGga 'sApadAnacArikAGga' kahalAtA hai| 5. eka Asana para baiTha kara bhojana karane vAlA (arthAt rAta dina meM eka bAra bhojana karane vAlA) bhikSu 'aikAsanika' kahalAtA hai| usakA yaha vrata 'aikAsanikAGga' kahalAtA hai| 6. bhikSArtha gRhIta pAtra meM par3A huA anna 'pAtrapiNDa' kahalAtA hai| usa pAtrapiNDa ko hI grahaNa karane vAle bhikSu ke isa vrata ko 'pAtrapiNDikAGga' kahate haiM / 7. 'khalu' isa nipAta kA prayoga yahA~ niSedha artha meM hai, eka bAra bhojana karane ke bAda mile bhojana kA niSedha karanA 'khalupazcAdbhakta' kahalAtA hai| isa niyama kA pAlana 'khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga' kahalAtA hai| 8. AraNyakAGga kA artha hai -araNya (jaMgala) meM rahane vaalaa| jo bhikSu grAma, nagara ke zayanAsana ko chor3a jaMgala meM rahane kA hI niyama dhAraNa karatA hai, usakA yaha niyama 'AraNyakAGga' kahalAtA hai| ? 9. IMTa, patthara, tRNa Adi se bane gRha, kuTI Adi ko chor3akara kevala vRkSa ke nIce rahanA 'vRkSamUla' kahalAtA hai| isa niyama ko dhAraNa karane vAlA bhikSu 'vRkSamUlika' kahalAtA hai / isa ke isa dhutAGga ko 'vRkSamUlikAGga "kahate haiM / 10. chAye hue gRha, kuTI yA vRkSamUla ko chor3a khule AkAza ke nIce rahane ke vrata ko 'abhyavakAzikAGga' kahate haiN| 11. isI taraha uparyukta vAsayogya sthAnoM ko chor3akara eka zmazAna meM rahane ke vrata ko 'zmAzAnikAGga' kahate haiN| 12. 'yaha Asana Apa ke liye hai' yaha kaha kara pahale se bichAye Asana ko hI grahaNa karane vAlA bhikSu 'yathAsaMstarika' kahalAtA hai| isa ke isa niyama ko 'yathAsaMstarikAGga' kahate haiN| 13. sonA, TahalanA, khar3A honA aura baiThanA- bhikSu ke ye cAra IryApatha kahe gaye haiM / ina

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22 visuddhimagga meM se sonA chor3akara sarvadA (dina-rAta) baiThA rahane vAlA bhikSu 'naiSadhaka' kahalAtA hai| isa vrata ko pAlana karanA 'naiSadhakAGga' kahalAtA hai| ye terahoM dhutAGga pratyeka sAdhaka ko pAlana karanA Avazyaka nahIM haiM, apitu jisa sAdhaka ke rAga, dveSa yA moha adhika saMvRddha hoM, usI ke liye ye dhutAna Avazyaka batAye gaye haiN| kyoMki ye atyadhika kAyaklezadAyaka haiM, ata: AcArya ne ina dhutAGgoM ko pratyeka sAdhaka ke liye Avazyaka nahIM maanaa| majjhimA paTipadA mAnane vAlI bauddha sAdhanA meM yaha Avazyaka ho bhI kaise sakatA thA! 3. kammaTThAnagrahaNanirdeza samAdhi bahuvidha hai| yadi saba samAdhiyoM kA varNana kiyA jAya to abhipreta artha kI siddhi nahIM hogI aura yaha bhI sambhava hai ki isa prakAra vikSepa upasthita ho| isaliye yahA~ kevala abhipreta artha kA hI ullekha kiyA jaaygaa| AcArya ko yahA~ laukika samAdhi hI abhipreta hai| kAma, rUpa aura arUpa bhUmiyoM kI kuzala-cittaikAgratA ko laukika samAdhi kahate haiN| jo ekAgratA AryamArga se samprayukta hotI hai, use lokottara samAdhi kahate haiN| lokottara samAdhi kA bhAvanA-prakAra prajJA ke bhAvanA-prakAra meM saMgRhIta hai| prajJA ke subhAvita hone se lokottara samAdhi kI bhAvanA hotI hai| isa lokottara samAdhi kI bhAvanA ke viSaya meM Age kahA jaaygaa| yahA~ hama kevala laukika samAdhi kA hI savistara varNana kreNge| hamAre abhipreta artha meM samAdhi 'kuzalacitta kI ekAgratA' ko kahate haiN| arthAt citta kI vaha ekAgratA jo doSarahita hai aura jisakA vipAka sukhamaya hai| isa laukika samAdhi ke mArga ko zamatha-yAna kahate haiN| lokottara samAdhi (prajJA) kA mArga vipazyanA-yAna kahalAtA hai| isake pUrva ki hama laukika samAdhi ke bhAvanA-prakAra kA vistAra se varNana kareM, hama isa sthAna para zamatha-mArga kA saMkSepa meM nirUpaNa karanA Avazyaka samajhate haiN| zamatha kA artha hai-pA~ca nIvaraNoM arthAt vinoM kA upshm| vighnoM ke zamana se citta kI ekAgratA hotI hai| zamatha kA mArga laukika samAdhi kA mArga hai| vinoM ke arthAt antarAyoM ke nAza se hI laukika samAdhi meM prathama dhyAna kA lAbha hotA hai| prathama dhyAna meM pA~ca aGgoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| dUsare tIsare dhyAna meM pAMca aGgoM kA atikramaNa hotA hai| nIvaraNa isa prakAra haiM-kAmacchanda, vyApAda, styAna-mRddha, auddhatya-kaukRtya, vicikitsaa| 'kAmacchanda' 'viSayoM meM anurAga' ko kahate haiM, jaba citta nAnA viSayoM se pralobhita hotA hai to eka Alambana meM samAhita nahIM hotaa| vyApAda' hiMsA ko kahate haiN| yaha prIti kA pratipakSa hai| 'styAna' citta kI akarmaNyatA aura 'middha' Alasya ko kahate haiN| vitarka styAna-middha kA pratipakSa hai| auddhatya kA artha hai avyavasthita-cittatA aura kaukRtya 'kheda', 'pazcAttApa' ko kahate haiN| sukha auddhatya-kaukRtya kA pratipakSa hai| vicikitsA saMzaya' ko kahate haiN| vicAra vicikitsA kA pratipakSa hai| viSayoM meM lIna hone ke kAraNa samAdhi meM citta kI pratiSThA nahIM hotii| hiMsAbhAva se abhibhUta citta kI nirantara pravRtti nahIM hotii| styAna-mRddha se abhibhUta citta akarmaNya hotA hai| citta ke anavasthita hone se aura kheda se zAnti nahIM milatI aura citta prAnta rahatA hai| vicikitsA se upahata citta dhyAna kA lAbha karAnevAle mArga meM ArohaNa nahIM krtaa| isaliye ina vinoM kA nAza karanA caahiye| nIvaraNoM ke nAza se dhyAna kA lAbha aura dhyAna ke pAMca aGgavitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha evaM ekAgratA kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai|

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23 antaraGgakathA vitarka Alambana meM citta kA Aropa karatA hai| Alambana ke pAsa citta kA Anayana 'vitarka' kahalAtA hai| Alambana kA yaha sthUla Abhoga hai| vitarka kI prathamotpatti ke samaya citta kA parispandana hotA hai| vitarka vicAra kA pUrvagAmI hai| vicAra sUkSma hai| vicAra kI vRtti zAnta hotI hai aura isameM citta kA adhika parispandana nahIM hotaa| jaba prIti utpanna hotI hai taba sabase pahile zarIra meM romAJca hotA hai| dhIre-dhIre yaha prIti bArambAra zarIra ko avakrAnta karatI hai| jaba prIti kA balavAn udvega hotA hai to prIti zarIra ko Urdhva utkSipta kara AkAza-laGkana ke liye samartha karatI hai, dhIre-dhIre sakala zarIra prIti se sarvarUpeNa vyApta ho jAtA hai, mAnoM parvata-guhA se eka mahAn jalaprapAta parisphuTa hokara tIvra vega se pravAhita ho rahA hai| prIti ke paripAka se kAya-prazrabdhi aura citta-prazrabdhi hotI hai| prazrabdhi (zAnti) ke paripAka se kAya aura citta-sukha hotA hai| sukha ke paripAka se kSaNika, upacAra aura arpaNA isa trividha samAdhi kA paripUraNa hotA hai| iSTa Alambana ke prati lAbha se jo tuSTi hotI hai use 'prIti' kahate haiN| pratilabdha rasa ke anubhava ko 'sukha' kahate haiN| jahA~ prIti hai vahA~ sukha hai para jahA~ sukha hai vahA~ niyama se prIti nahIM hai| prathama dhyAna meM ukta pA~ca aGgoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| dhIre-dhIre aGgoM kA atikramaNa hotA hai aura antima dhyAna meM samAdhi upekSAsahita hotI hai| jisako laukika samAdhi abhISTa ho usako suparizuddha zIla meM pratiSThita hokara sabase pahile vinoM kA nAza (palibodha) karanA caahiye| palibodha- AvAsa, kula, lAbha, gaNa, karma, mArga, jJAti, AbAdha, grantha aura Rddhiyaha daza 'palibodha' kahalAte haiN| jo bhikSu abhI nayA-nayA kisI kArya meM utsukatA rakhatA hai yA bahuvidha sAmagrI saMgraha karatA hai yA jisakA citta kisI kAraNavaza apane AvAsa meM pratibaddha hai, AvAsa usake liye antarAya (vidhna) hai| kula se tAtparya jJAti-kula yA sevaka ke kula se hai| sAdhAraNatayA donoM vighnakArI haiN| kucha aise bhikSu hote haiM jo kula ke manuSyoM ke vinA dharmazravaNa ke liye bhI pAsa ke vihAra meM nahIM jaate| vaha una zraddhAlu upAsakoM ke sukha meM sukhI aura duHkha meM duHkhI hote haiM jinase unako lAbha-satkAra milatA hai| aise hI bhikSuoM ke liye kula antarAya hai; dUsaroM ke liye nhiiN| lAbha cAra pratyayoM ko kahate haiN| pratyaya (paccaya) ye haiM-cIvara, piNDapAta, zayanAsana aura glAnapratyayabheSajA bhikSu ko ina cAra vastuoM kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai| kabhI-kabhI ye bhI antarAya ho jAte haiN| puNyavAn bhikSu kA lAbha-satkAra pracura parimANa meM hotA hai| usako sadA loga ghere rahate haiN| jagaha-jaha se usako nimantraNa AtA hai| usako nirantara dAna kA anumodana karanA par3atA hai aura dAtAoM ko dharma kA upadeza denA par3atA hai| zramaNa-dharma ke liye usako avakAza nahIM miltaa| aise bhikSu ko usa sthAna meM jAkara rahanA cAhiye jahA~ use koI na jAnatA ho aura jahA~ vaha ekAntasevI ho ske| gaNa meM rahane se loga aneka prakAra ke prazna pUchate haiM,yA usake pAsa pATha ke liye Ate haiN| isa prakAra zramaNa-dharma ke liye avakAza nahIM miltaa| isa antarAya kA upaccheda isa prakAra honA cAhiye- yadi thor3A hI pATha raha gayA ho to use samApta kara araNya meM praveza karanA cAhiye, yadi pITha bahuta aziSTa ho to apane ziSyoM ko samIpavanI kisI dUsare gaNavAcaka ke adhIna karanA caahiye| yadi dUsarA gaNavAcaka pAsa meM na mile to ziSyoM se avakAza le zramaNadharma meM pravRtta ho jAnA caahiye|

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24 visuddhimagga karma kA artha hai 'nvkrm'| arthAt vihAra kA abhisaMskAra (marammata aadi)| jo navakarma karAtA hai use zramikoM ke kArya kA nirIkSaNa karanA par3atA hai| usake liye sarvadA antarAya hai| isa antarAya kA nAza karanA caahiye| yadi thor3A hI kAma avaziSTa raha gayA ho to kAma ko samApta kara zramaNa-dharma meM pravRtta ho jAnA caahiye| yadi adhika kArya bAkI ho to saGghabhArahAraka bhikSuoM ko sauMpa denA caahiye| yadi aisA koI prabandha na ho sake to saGgha kA parityAga kara anyatra calA jAnA caahiye| * mArga-gamana bhI kabhI-kabhI antarAya hotA hai| jise kahIM kisI kI pravrajyA ke liye jAnA hai yA jise kahIM bhI lAbha-satkAra milanA hai, yadi vaha apanI icchA ko pUrNa kiye vinA apane citta ko sthira nahIM rakha sakatA to usase zramaNa-dharma samyak rIti se sampAdita nahIM ho sktaa| isaliye use gantavya sthAna para jAkara apanA manoratha pUrNa karane ke anantara zramaNadharma meM utsAha ke sAtha pravRtta honA caahiye| . jJAti bhI kabhI-kabhI antarAya ho jAte haiN| vihAra meM AcArya, upAdhyAya, antevAsika, samAnopAdhyAyaka aura samAnAcAryaka tathA ghara meM mAtA, pitA, bhrAtA Adi jJAti' hote haiN| jaba ye rugNa hote haiM taba ye antarAya hote haiN| kyoMki bhikSu ko inakI sevA-zuzrUSA karanI par3atI hai| upAdhyAya, pravrajyAcArya, upasampadAcArya, aise antevAsika jinakI usane pravrajyA yA upasampadA kI hai, tathA eka hI upAdhyAya ke antevAsI ke rugNa hone para unakI sevA usa samaya taka karanA usakA kartavya hai jaba taka vaha nIroga na ho| mAtA-pitA upAdhyAya ke samAna haiN| yadi unake pAsa auSadha na ho to apane pAsa se denA cAhiye; yadi apane pAsa bhI na ho to bhikSA mA~gakara denA caahiye| AbAdha bhI antarAya hai| yadi bhikSu ko koI roga huA to zramaNadharma ke pAlana meM antarAya hotA hai| cikitsA dvArA roga kA upazama karane se yA usakI upekSA karane se yaha antarAya naSTa hotA hai| grantha bhI antarAya hotA hai| jo sadA svAdhyAya meM vyApta rahatA hai usI ke liye grantha antarAya hai, dUsaroM ke liye nhiiN| Rddhi se pRthagjana kI Rddhi abhipreta hai| yaha Rddhi vipazyanA (prajJA) meM antarAya hai, samAdhi meM nahIM; kyoMki jaba samAdhi kI prApti hotI hai taba Rddhi-bala kI prApti hotI hai| isaliye jo vipazyanA kA arthI hai use Rddhi antarAya kA upaccheda karanA caahiye| ina vinoM kA upaccheda kara bhikSu ko 'karmasthAna' grahaNa ke liye kalyANamitra ke pAsa jAnA caahiye| 'karmasthAna' yoga ke sAdhana ko kahate haiN| yogAnuyoga hI karma hai| isakA sthAna arthAt 'niSpatti hetu' karmasthAna hai| isIliye karmasthAna use kahate haiM jisake dvArA yoga-bhAvanA kI niSpatti hotI hai| karmasthAna arthAt samAdhi ke cAlIsa sAdhana haiN| ina cAlIsa sAdhanoM meM se kisI eka kA, jo apanI caryA ke anukUla ho, grahaNa karanA par3atA hai| karmasthAna kA dAyaka kalyANamitra kahalAtA hai; kyoMki vaha usakA ekAntahitaipI hai| kalyANamitra gambhIra kathA kA kahane vAlA hotA hai tathA aneka guNoM se samanvAgata hotA hai| buddha se bar3hakara koI dUsarA kalyANamitra nahIM hai| saMyuttanikAya meM bhagavAn ne svayaM kahA hai ki jIva mujha kalyANamitra kI zaraNa meM Akara janma ke bandhana se mukta hote haiN|

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25 antaraGgakathA isaliye bhagavAn ke rahate unake samIpa grahaNa karane se karmasthAna sugRhIta hotA hai| saMkSepa meM karmasthAna grahaNa karane kI vahI vidhi hai, jo hama pIche 'dhutaGganiddesa' meM batA cuke haiN| ina cAlIsa karmasthAnoM ko pAli meM - 'pArihAriya kammaTThAna' kahate haiN| kyoMki inameM se jo caryA ke anukUla hotA hai usakA nitya pariharaNa arthAt anuyoga karanA par3atA hai| pArihArika karmasthAna ke atirikta 'sabbatthaka kammaTThAna' (arthAt sarvArthaka karmasthAna) bhI hai| ise sarvArthaka isaliye kahate haiM kyoMki yaha sabako lAbha pahu~cAtA haiM / bhikSusaGgha Adi prati maitrIbhAvanA, maraNa-smRti aura kucha AcAryoM ke matAnusAra azubha- saMjJA bhI sarvArthaka karmasthAna kahalAte haiN| jo bhikSu karmasthAna meM niyukta hote haiM use pahile sImA meM rahanevAle bhikSusaGgha ke prati maitrI pradarzita karanI caahiye| usase maitrI bhAvanA isa prakAra karanI cAhiye'sImA meM rahanevAle bhikSu sukhI hoM, unakA koI vyApAda na kre'| dhIre-dhIre use isa bhAvanA kA isa prakAra vistAra karanA cAhiye- sImA ke bhItara vartamAna devatAoM ke prati, tadanantara usa grAma ke nivAsiyoM ke prati jahA~ vaha bhikSAcaryA karatA hai, tadanantara rAjA tathA adhikArI varga ke prati, tadanantara saba sattvoM ke prati maitrI bhAvanA kA anuyoga karanA caahiye| aisA karane se usake sahavAsI usake sAtha sukhapUrvaka nivAsa karate haiN| devatA tathA adhikArI usakI rakSA karate haiN| tathA usakI AvazyakatAoM ko pUrNa karate haiM, logoM kA vaha priyapAtra hotA hai aura sarvatra nirbhaya hokara vicaratA hai / maraNasmati dvArA vaha nirantara isa bAta kA cintana karatA rahatA hai ki mujhe maranA avazyameva hai / isaliye vaha kupatha kA gAmI nahIM hotA tathA vaha saMsAra meM lIna aura Asakta nahIM hotA / jaba citta azubha-saMjJA se paricita hotA hai (arthAt jaba citta yaha dekhatA hai ki cAhe mRta ho yA jIvamAna, zarIra zubha bhAva se varjita hai aura isakA svabhAva azuci hai ) taba divya Alambana kA lobha bhI citta ko grasta nahIM karatA / bahu upakAraka hone se yaha sabako abhipreta hai| isaliye inheM sarvArthaka karmasthAna kahate haiN| 1 1 ina do prakAra ke karmasthAnoM ke grahaNa ke liye kalyANamitra ke samIpa jAnA cAhiye / yadi eka hI vihAra meM kalyANamitra kA vAsa ho to atyuttama hai| anyathA jahA~ kalyANamitra kA AvAsa ho vahA~ jAnA caahiye| apanA pAtra aura cIvara svayaM lekara prasthAna karanA caahiye| mArga meM jo vihAra par3e vahA~ varta- prativarta (kartavya-sevA-AcAra) sampAdita karanA caahiye| AcArya kA vAsasthAna pUchakara sIdhe AcArya ke pAsa jAnA cAhiye / yadi AcArya avasthA meM choTA ho to use apanA pAtra - cIvara grahaNa na karane denA caahiye| yadi avasthA meM adhika ho to AcArya ko vandanA kara khar3e rahanA caahiye| jaba AcArya kahe ki pAtra - cIvara bhUmi para rakha do taba unheM bhUmi para rakha denA cAhiye / aura yadi vaha jala pIne ke liye pUche to icchA rahate jala pInA cAhiye / yadi paira dhone ko kaheM to paira na dhonA caahiye| kyoMki yadi jala AcArya dvArA Ahata ho to vaha pAdakSAlana ke liye anupayukta hogA / yadi AcArya kaheM ki jala dUsare dvArA lAyA gayA hai to usako aise sthAna meM baiThakara paira dhonA cAhiye jahA~ AcArya use na dekha skeN| yadi AcArya taila deM to uThakara donoM hAthoM se AdarapUrvaka use grahaNa karanA caahiye| para pahile pairoM meM na malanA cAhiye, kyoMki yadi AcArya ke gAtrAbhyaJjana ke liye vaha taila ho to paira meM malane ke liye anupayukta hogaa| isaliye pahile sira aura kandhoM meM taila lagAnA caahiye| jaba AcArya kaheM ki saba aGgoM meM lagAne kA yaha taila hai to thor3A sira meM lagAkara paira meM lagAnA caahiye| pahile hI dina karmasthAna kI yAcanA na karanI caahiye| dUsare dina se AcArya kI sevA karanI caahiye| jisa --

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visuddhimagga prakAra antevAsI AcArya kI sevA karatA hai usI prakAra bhikSu ko karmasthAnadAyaka kI sevA karanI caahiye| samaya se uThakara AcArya ko dantakASTha denA cAhiye, muMha dhone ke liye tathA snAna ke liye jala denA caahiye| aura pAtra sApha karake prAtarAza ke liye yavAgU denA caahiye| isa prakAra apanI sevA se AcArya ko prasanna kara jaba vaha Ane kA kAraNa pUche taba batAnA caahiye| yadi AcArya Ane kA kAraNa na pUche aura sevA leM to eka dina avasara pAkara Ane kA kAraNa svayaM batAnA caahiye| yadi vaha prAtaHkAla bulAveM to prAtaHkAla jAnA caahiye| yadi usa samaya kisI roga kI bAdhA ho to nivedana kara dUsarA upayukta samaya niyata karAmA caahiye| yAcanA ke pUrva AcArya ke samIpa AtmabhAva kA visarjana karanA caahiye| sadA AcArya kI AjJA meM rahanA cAhiye; svecchAcArI na honA caahiye| yadi AcArya burA-bhalA kaheM to krodha nahIM karanA caahiye| yadi bhikSu AcArya ke samIpa AtmabhAva kA parityAga nahIM karatA aura vinA pUche jahA~ kahIM icchA hotI hai calA jAtA hai to AcArya ruSTa hokara dharma kA upadeza nahIM karate aura gambhIra karmasthAnaupAya kI zikSA nahIM dete| isa prakAra bhikSu zAsana meM pratiSThA nahIM paataa| isake viparIta yadi vaha AcArya ke vazavartI aura adhIna rahatA hai to zAsana meM usakI vRddhi hotI hai| bhikSu ko alobhAdi chaha sampanna adhyAzayoM se bhI saMyukta honA caahiye| samyaksambuddha, pratyekabuddha Adi jisa kisI ne vizeSatA prApta kI hai usane inhIM chaha sampanna adhyAzayoM dvArA prApta kI hai| 'adhyAzaya' abhiniveza ko kahate haiN| 'adhyAzaya' do prakAra ke haiM-vipanna, sampanna / ruSyatA Adi jo mithyAbhiniveza-nizrita haiM vipanna adhyAzaya kahalAte haiN| sampanna adhyAzaya do prakAra ke haiM-varta arthAt saMsAranizrita aura vivartanizrita / yahA~ vivartanizrita adhyAzaya se abhiprAya sampanna adhyAzaya chaha AkAra ke haiM-alobha, adveSa, amoha, naiSkarmya, praviveka aura nissrnn| ina chaha adhyAzayoM se bodhi kA paripAka hotA hai| isaliye inakA Asevana Avazyaka hai| isake atirikta sAdhaka kA saGkalpa samAdhi tathA nirvANa ke lAbha ke liye dRr3ha honA caahiye| jaba vizeSa guNoM se sampanna sAdhaka karmasthAna kI yAcanA karatA hai to AcArya caryA kI parIkSA karatA hai| jo AcArya paricitta-jJAnalAbhI haiM ve cittAcAra kA sUkSma nirIkSaNa kara svayaM hI sAdhaka ke carita kA paricaya prApta kara letA hai para jo isa Rddhi-bala se samanvAgata nahIM hai vaha vividha praznoM dvArA sAdhaka kA caryA jAnane kI ceSTA karatA hai| AcArya sAdhaka se pUchatA hai ki vaha kauna se dharma haiM jinakA tuma prAyaH AcaraNa karate ho? kyA karane se tuma sukhI hote ho? kisa karmasthAna meM tumhArA citta lagatA hai ? isa prakAra caryA kA vinizcaya kara AcArya caryA ke anukUla karmasthAna kA varNana karatA hai| sAdhaka karmasthAna kA artha aura abhiprAya bhalI prakAra jAnane kI ceSTA karatA hai| vaha AcArya ke vyAkhyAna ko manoyogapUrvaka Adarasahita sunatA hai| aise hI sAdhaka kA karmasthAna sugRhIta hotA hai| caryA ke kitane prabheda haiM, ki caryA kA kyA nidAna hai, kaise jAnA jAya ki amuka manuSya amuka caritavAlA hai aura kisa carita ke liye kauna se zayanAsana Adi upayukta haiM? ina viSayoM para yahAM vistAra se vicAra kiyA jaaygaa| caryA kA artha hai prakRti, anya dharmoM kI apekSA kisI vizeSa dharma kI utsatratA arthAt adhiktaa| caryA chaha haiM-rAgacaryA, dveSacaryA, mohacaryA, zraddhAcaryA, buddhicaryA aura vitarkavaryA / santAna meM jaba adhika bhAva se rAga kI pravRtti hotI hai taba rAgacaryA kahI jAtI hai| kucha loga samprayoga aura sanipAta vaza rAgAdi kI cAra aura caryAe~ mAnate hai;

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antaraGgakathA 27 jaise rAga-mohacaryA, rAga-dveSacaryA, dveSa-mohacaryA aura raag-dvess-mohcryaa| isI prakAra zraddhAdi caryAoM ke paraspara samprayoga. aura sannipAta se zraddhA-buddhicaryA, zraddhA-vitarkacaryA, buddhivitarkacaryA, zraddhA-buddhi-vitarkacaryA-ina cAra anya caryAoM ko bhI mAnate haiN| isa prakAra inake mata meM samagra caudaha caryAe~ hotI haiN| yadi hama rAgAdi kA zraddhAdi caryAoM se samprayoga kareM to aneka caryAe~ hotI haiN| isa prakAra caryAoM kI tirasaTha aura isase bhI adhika saMkhyA ho sakatI hai| isaliye saMkSepa se chaha hI mUlacaryA jAnanA caahiye| mUlacaryAoM ke prabheda se chaha prakAra ke pudgala hote haiM-rAgacarita, dveSacarita, mohacarita, zraddhAcarita, buddhicarita, vitrkcrit| jisa samaya rAgacarita puruSa kI kuzala meM arthAt zubhakarmoM meM pravRtti hotI hai usa samaya zraddhA balavatI hotI hai; kyoMki zraddhA-guNa rAga-guNa kA samIpavartI hai| jisa prakAra akuzala pakSa meM rAgI kI snigdhatA aura arUkSatA pAyI jAtI haiM usI prakAra kuzala pakSa meM rAga kI snigdhatA aura arUkSatA pAyI jAtI hai| zraddhA prasAda-guNavaza snigdha hai aura rAga rakhana-guNavaza snigdha hai| yathA rAga kAmya vastuoM kA paryeSaNa karatA hai usI prakAra zraddhA zIlAdi guNoM kA paryeSaNa karatI hai| yathA rAga ahita kA parityAga nahIM karatA, usI prakAra zraddhA hita kA parityAga nahIM krtii| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bhinna bhinna svabhAva ke hote hue bhI rAgacarita aura zraddhAcarita kI sabhAgatA (tulyatA) hai| . isI taraha dveSacarita aura buddhicarita kI tathA mohacarita aura vitarkacarita kI sabhAgatA hai| jisa samaya dveSacarita puruSa kI kuzala meM pravRtti hotI hai usa samaya prajJA balavatI hotI hai; kyoMki prajJA-guNa dveSa kA samIpavartI hai| jisa prakAra akuzala pakSa meM dveSa vyApAdavaza sneharati hotA hai, Alambana meM usakI Asakti nahIM hotI, usI prakAra yathAbhUta svabhAva ke avabo ke kAraNa kuzalapakSa meM prajJA kI Asakti nahIM hotii| yathA dveSa abhUta doSa kI bhI paryeSaNA karatA hai usI prakAra prajJA yathAbhUta doSa kA pravicaya karatI hai| yathA dveSacarita puruSa sattvoM kA parityAga karatA hai usI prakAra buddhicarita puruSa saMskAroM kA parityAga karatA hai| isaliye svabhAva kI vibhinnatA hote hue bhI dveSacarita aura buddhicarita kI sabhAgatA hai| jaba mohacarita puruSa kuzala koM ke utpAda ke liye yatnavAn hotA hai to nAnA prakAra ke vitarka aura mithyA saMkalpa utpanna hote haiM, kyoMki vitarka-guNa moha-guNa kA samIpavartI hai| jisa prakAra vyAkulatA ke kAraNa moha anavasthita hai usI prakAra nAnA prakAra ke vikalpa-parikalpa ke kAraNa vitarka anavasthita hai| jisa prakAra moha caJcala hai usI prakAra vitarka meM capalatA hai| isa prakAra svabhAva kI vibhinnatA hote hue bhI mohacarita aura vitarkacarita kI sabhAgatA hai| ___kucha loga ina chaha caryAoM ke atirikta tRSNA, mAna aura dRSTi ko bhI caryA meM parigaNita karate haiN| parantu tRSNA aura mAna rAga ke antargata haiM aura dRSTi moha ke antargata hai| ina chaha caryAoM kA kyA nidAna hai? kucha kA kahanA hai ki pUrva janmoM kA AcaraNa aura dhAtu-doSa kI utsannatA pahalI tIna caryAoM kI niyAmaka hai| inakA kahanA hai ki jisane pUrva janmoM meM aneka zubha karma kiye hai aura jo iSTaprayoga-bahula rahA hai yA jo svarga se cyuta ho isa loka meM janma letA hai vaha rAgacarita hotA hai| jisane pUrva janmoM meM chedana, vadha, bandhana Adi aneka vairakarma kiye haiM yA jo niraya yA nAga-yoni se cyuta ho isa loka meM utpanna hotA hai yaha dveSacarita hotA hai aura jisane pUrva janmoM meM adhika parimANa meM nirantara madyapAna kiyA hai aura jo zrutavihIna hai yA jo nikRSTa pazuyoni se cyuta ho isa loka meM utpanna hotA hai, vaha mohacarita.

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28 visuddhimagga hotA hai| pRthivI tathA jaladhAtuM kI utsannatA se pudgala mohacarita hotA hai| teja aura vAyudhAtu kI utsatratA se pudgala dveSacarita hotA hai| cAroM dhAtuoM ke samAna bhAga meM rahane se pudgala rAgacarita hotA hai| doSoM meM zleSmA kI adhikatA se pudgala rAgacarita yA mohacarita hotA hai; vAta kI adhikatA se mohacarita yA rAgacarita hotA hai| ina vacanoM meM zraddhAcaryA Adi meM se eka kA bhI nidAna nahIM kahA gayA hai| doSa-niyama meM kevala rAga aura moha kA hI nidarzana kiyA gayA hai; inameM bhI pUrvAparavirodha dekhA jAtA hai| isI prakAra dhAtuoM meM ukta paddhati se utsannatA kA niyama nahIM pAyA jaataa| pUrvAcaraNa ke AdhAra para jo caryA kA niyamana batAyA gayA hai usameM bhI aisA nahIM hai ki saba kevala rAgacarita hoM yA dveSa-moha-carita hoN| isalie yaha vacana aparicchinna haiN| ___ . aTThakathAcAryoM ke matAnusAra caryAvinizcaya 'ussadakittana' meM isa prakAra varNita haipUrva-janmoM meM pravRtta lobha-alobha dveSa-adveSa, moha-amoha, hetuvaza pratiniyata rUpa meM sattvoM meM lobha Adi kI adhikatA pAyI jAtI hai| karma karane ke samaya jisa manuSya meM lobha balavAn hotA hai aura alobhamanda hotA hai, adveSa aura amoha balavAna hote haiM tathA dveSa-moha manda hote haiM, usakA manda alobha lobha ko abhibhUta nahIM kara sakatA; kintu adveSa-amoha, balavAn hone ke kAraNa dveSa moha ko abhibhUta karate haiN| isaliye jaba vaha manuSya ina karmoM ke vaza pratisandhi kA lAbha karatA hai to vaha lubdha, sukhazIla, krodharahita aura prajJAvAn hotA hai| karma karane ke samaya jisake lobha-dveSa balavAn hote haiM, alobha-adveSa manda hote haiM, amoha balavAn hotA hai aura moha manda hotA hai vaha lubdha aura duSTa parantu prajJAvAn hotA hai| karma karane ke samaya jisake lobha-moha-adveSa balavAn hote haiM aura itara manda hote haiM vaha lubdha, manda buddhivAlA, sukhazIla aura krodharahita hotA hai| karma karane ke samaya jisake lobha dveSa moha balavAn hote haiM alobhAdi manda hote haiM, vaha lubdha,duSTa aura mUr3ha hotA hai| karma karane ke samaya jisake alobha dveSa moha balavAn hote haiM itara manda hote haiM, vaha alubdha, duSTa aura manda buddhivAlA hotA hai| karma karane ke samaya jisa satva ke alobha adveSa moha balavAn hote haiM itara manda hote haiM, vaha alubdha, aduSTa aura mandabuddhivAlA hotA hai| karma karate samaya jisake alobha, dveSa aura amoha balavAn hote haiM itara manda hote hai vaha alubdha, prajJAvAn aura duSTa hotA hai| karma karane ke samaya jisake alobha adveSa aura amoha tInoM balavAn hote haiM aura lobha Adi manda hote haiM vaha alubdha, aduSTa aura prajJAvAn hotA hai| __ yahA~ jise lubdha kahA hai vaha rAgacarita hai; jise duSTa yA manda buddhivAlA kahA hai vaha yathAkrama dveSacarita yA mohacarita hai; prajJAvAn buddhicarita hai; alubdha, aduSTa, prasanna prakRtivAlA hone ke kAraNa zraddhAcarita hai| isa prakAra lobhAdi meM se jisa kisI dvArA abhisaMskRta karmavaza pratisandhi hotI hai use caryA kA nidAna samajhanA caahiye| __ aba prazna yaha hai ki kisa prakAra jAnA jAya ki yaha pudgala rAgacarita hai ? ityaadi| isakA nizcaya IryApatha (IryApatha-vRtti), kRtya, bhojana, darzana Adi tathA dharma-pravRtti (citta kI vividha avasthAoM kI pravRtti) dvArA hotA hai| iMyAMpatha-jo rAgacarita hotA hai usakI gati akRtrima, svAbhAvika hotI hai| vaha caturabhAva se dhIre-dhIre pada-nikSepa karatA hai| vaha samabhAva se paira rakhatA aura uThAtA hai; usake pAdatala kA madhyabhAga bhUmi kA sparza nahIM krtaa| jo dveSacarita hai vaha jaba calatA hai taba jJAta. hotA hai mAno bhUmi ko khodatA huA sahasA paira rakhatA hai aura uThAtA hai| pAdanikSepa ke samaya

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29 antaraGgakathA aisA jJAta hotA hai mAno paira pIche kI ora khIMcatA hai| mohacarita kI gati vyAkula hotI hai| vaha bhIta puruSa kI taraha paira rakhatA hai aura uThAtA hai| vaha agrapAda tathA pASNi se gati ko sahasA saniruddha karatA hai| rAgacarita puruSa jaba khar3A hotA hai yA baiThatA hai to usakA AkAra prasAdAvaha aura madhura hotA hai| dveSacarita puruSa kA AkAra stabdha hotA hai aura mohacarita kA Akula hotA hai| rAgacarita puruSa vinA tvarA ke apanA bichaunA ThIka taraha se bichAtA hai aura dhIre se zayana karatA hai, zayana karate samaya vaha apane aGga pratyaGga kA vikSepa nahIM karatA aura usakA AkAra prAsAdika hotA hai| uThAye jAne para cauMka kara nahIM uThatA kintu zaGkita puruSa kI taraha mRdu uttara detA hai| dveSacarita puruSa jaldI se kisI na kisI prakAra apane bichaune ko bichAtA hai aura avaza kI taraha aGga-pratyaGga kA sahasA nikSepa kara bhRkuTi car3hAkara sotA hai, uThAye jAne para sahasA uThatA hai aura kruddha hokara uttara detA hai| mohacarita puruSa kA vichaunA asta-vyasta hotA hai, vahA hAtha-paira phailAkara prAyaH muMha nIcA kara sotA hai, uThAye jAne para huGkAra karate hue mandabhAva se uThatA hai| zraddhAcaritAdi puruSa kI vRtti rAgacaritAdi puruSa ke samAna hotI hai, kyoMki inakI sabhAgatA hai| kRtya-kRtya se bhI caryA kA nizcaya hotA hai| jaise jhAr3a dete samaya rAgacarita puruSa vinA zIghratA ke jhAr3a ko acchI taraha pakar3a kara samAna rUpa se jhAr3a detA hai aura sthAna ko acchI taraha sApha karatA hai| dveSacarita puruSa jhAr3a ko kasakara pakar3atA hai aura jaldI-jaldI donoM ora dhUla ur3AtA huA sApha karatA hai aura sthAna bhI sApha nahIM hotaa| mohacarita puruSa jhAr3a ko zithilatA ke sAtha pakar3a kara idhara-udhara calAtA hai;sthAna bhI sApha nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra anya kriyAoM ke sambandha meM bhI samajhanA caahiye| rAgacarita puruSa kArya meM kuzala hotA hai; sundara tathA samarUpa se sAvadhAnatA ke sAtha kArya karatA hai| dveSacarita puruSa kA kArya sthira, stabdha aura viSama hotA hai aura mohacarita puruSa kArya meM anipuNa, vyAkula, viSama aura ayathArtha hotA hai| sabhAgatA hone ke kAraNa zraddhAcaritAdi puruSoM kI vRtti bhI isI prakAra kI hotI hai| . bhojana-rAgacarita puruSa ko snigdha aura madhura bhojana priya hotA hai; vaha dhIre-dhIre vividha rasoM kA AsvAda lete hue bhojana karatA hai; acchA bhojana karake usako prasannatA hotI hai| dveSacarita puruSa ko rUkhA aura amla bhojana priya hotA hai; vaha vinA rasoM kA svAda liye jaldI-jaldI bhojana karatA hai; yahi vaha koI bure svAda kA padArtha khAtA hai to use aprasannatA hotI hai| mohacarita puruSa kI ruci aniyata hotI hai; vaha vikSisacitta puruSa kI taraha nAnA prakAra ke vitarka karate hue bhojana karatA hai| isI prakAra zraddhAcaritAdi puruSa kI vRtti hotI hai| darzana-rAgacarita puruSa thor3A bhI manorama rUpa dekhakara vismita bhAva se cirakAla taka usakA avalokana karatA rahatA hai; thor3A bhI guNa ho to vaha usameM anurakta ho jAtA hai; vaha yathArtha doSa kA bhI grahaNa nahIM krtaa| usa manorama rUpa ke pAsa se haTane kI usakI icchA nahIM hotii| dveSacarita puruSa thor3A amanorama rUpa dekhakara kheda ko prApta hotA hai| vaha usakI ora dera taka dekha nahIM sktaa| alpa bhI doSa usakI dRSTi se bacakara nahIM jA sktaa| yathArtha guNa kA bhI vaha grahaNa nahIM krtaa| mohacarita puruSa jaba koI rUpa dekhatA hai to vaha usake viSaya meM upekSAbhAva rakhatA hai; dUsaroM ko nindA karate dekhakara nindA aura prazaMsA karate dekhakara prazaMsA karatA hai| zraddhAcaritAdi puruSoM kI vRtti bhI isI prakAra kI hotI hai|

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visuddhimagga dharma-pravRtti-rAgacarita puruSa meM mAyA, zAThya, mAna, pApecchA, asantoSa, capalatA, lobha, zRGgArabhAva Adi dharmoM kI bahulatA hotI hai| dveSacarita puruSa meM krodha, dveSa, IrSyA, mAtsarya, dambha Adi dharmoM kI bahulatA hotI hai| mohacarita puruSa meM vicikitsA, Alasya, cittavikSepa, citta kI akarmaNyatA, pazcAttApa, pratiniviSTatA, dRDhagrAha Adi dharmoM kI bahulatA hotI hai| zraddhAcarita puruSa kA parityAga niHsaGga hotA hai; vaha AryoM ke darzana kI tathA saddharmazravaNa kI icchA rakhatA hai| usameM prItibahulatA hotI hai, vaha zaThato aura mAyA se rahita hai, ucita sthAna meM vaha zraddhAbhAva rakhatA hai| buddhicarita puruSa snigdhabhASI, mitabhojI aura kalyANamitra hotA hai| vaha smRti-samprajanya kI rakSA karatA hai; sadA jAgrat rahatA hai| saMsAra kA duHkha dekhakara usameM saMvega utpanna hotA hai aura vaha udyoga karatA hai| vitarkacarita puruSa kI kuzaladharmoM meM arati hotI hai; usakA citta anavasthita hotA hai; vaha bahubhASI aura samAjapriya hotA hai| vaha idhara udhara AlambanoM kI pIche daur3atA hai| - caryA kI vibhAvanA ukta prakAra se pAli aura aTThakathAoM meM varNita nahIM hai| yaha kevala kucha AcAryoM ke matAnusAra kahA gayA hai| isa liye isa para pUrNarUpa se vizvAsa nahIM karanA caahiye| dveSacarita puruSa bhI yadi pramAda se rahita ho udyoga kare to rAgacarita puruSa kI gati Adi kA anukaraNa kara sakatA hai| jo puruSa saMsRSTacarita hai usameM bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI gati Adi nahIM ghaTatI; kintu jo prakAra aTThakathAoM meM varNita hai usakA sArarUpa se grahaNa karanA caahiye| isa prakAra AcArya sAdhaka kI caryA ko jAna kara nizcaya karatA hai ki yaha puruSa rAgacarita hai yA dveSa-carita hai| isa carita ke puruSa ke liye kyA upayukta hai ? aba isa prazna para hama vicAra kreNge| rAgacarita puruSa ko tRNakuTI meM, parNazAlA meM, eka tarapha avanata parvatapAda ke adhobhAga meM yA vedikA se ghire hue aparizuddha bhUmitala para nivAsa karanA caahiye| usakA AvAsa raja se AkIrNa, chinna-bhinna, ati ucca yA ati nIca, aparizuddha, camagAdar3oM se paripUrNa, chAyodakarahita, siMha-vyAghrAdi ke bhaya se yukta, dekhane meM virUpa aura durvarNa honA caahiye| aisA AvAsa rAgacarita puruSa ko upayukta hai| rAgacarita puruSa ke liye aisA cIvara upayukta hogA jo kinAroM para phaTa ho, jisake dhAge cAroM aura se laTakate hoM, jo dekhane meM jAlAkAra pUe ke samAna ho, jo chUne meM khuradarA aura dekhane meM bhaddA, mailA aura bhArI ho| usakA pAtra mRttikA kA yA lohe kA honA caahiye| dekhane meM kurUpa aura bhArI ho; kapAla kI taraha, jisako dekhakara ghRNA utpanna ho| usakA bhikSAcaryA kA mArga viSama, amanorama, aura grAma se dUra honA caahiye| bhikSAcAra ke lie use aise grAma meM jAnA cAhiye jahA~ ke loga usakI upekSA kareM, jahA~ eka kula se bhI jaba use bhikSA na mile taba loga Asana-zAlA meM bulAkara use yavAgU bhojana ke lie deM aura binA pUche calate bneN| parosanevAle bhI dAsa yA bhRtya hoM, jinake vala maile aura durgandhamaya hoM, jo dekhane meM durvarNa hoM aura jo upekSA se parosate hoN| usakA bhojana rUkSa, durvarNa aura nIrasa honA caahiye| bhojana ke liye sAvA~, kodo, cAvala ke kaNa, sar3A huA takra aura jIrNa zAka kA sUpa honA caahiye| usakA IryApatha sthAna yA caMkramaNa honA cAhiye arthAt use yA to khar3e rahanA cAhiye yA TahalanA caahiye| nIlAdivarNa-kasiNoM (kasiNa-kRtsnasapamta)meM jisa Alambana kA varNa aparizuddha ho vaha usake liye upayukta hai| dveSacarita puruSa kA zayanAsana na bahuta U~cA aura na bahuta nIcA honA cAhiye, use chAyA aura jala se sampanna tathA suvAsita honA caahiye| usakA bhUmi-tala samujjvala, mRdu, sam

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antaraGgakathA 31 aura snigdha ho; brahmavimAna ke tulya sundara tathA kusumamAlA aura nAnAvarNa ke vastra-vitAnoM se samalaMkRta ho aura jisake darzanamAtra se citta ko AhlAda prApta ho / usako zramaNa ke anurUpa halkA surakta aura zuddha varNa kA rezamI yA sUkSma kSaumavastra dhAraNa karanA caahiye| usakA pAtra maNi kI taraha camakatA huA aura lohe kA honA cAhiye / bhikSAcAra kA mArga bhayarahita, sama, sundara tathA grAma se na bahuta dUra aura na bahuta nikaTa honA caahiye| jisa grAma meM vaha bhikSAcaryA ke liye jAya vahA~ ke loga AdarapUrvaka usako bhojana ke liye apane ghara para nimantrita kareM aura Asana para baiThAkara apane hAtha se bhojana kraayeN| parosane vAle pavitra aura manojJa vastra dhAraNa kara, AbharaNoM se pratimaNDita ho Adara ke sAtha bhojana proseN| bhojana varNa, rasa aura gandha se sampanna aura hara prakAra se utkRSTa ho / IryApatha meM usake liye zayyA yA niSadyA upayukta hai arthAt use leTanA yA baiThanA caahiye| nIlAdi varNa-kasiNoM meM jo Alambana suparizuddha varNa kA ho vaha usake liye upayukta hai| mohacarita puruSa kA AvAsa khule hue sthAna meM honA cAhiye; jahA~ baiThakara vaha saba dizAoM ko vivRta rUpa se dekha ske| cAra IryApathoM meM se isake liye caMkramaNa ( TahalanA) upayukta hai, AlambanoM meM zarAvamAtra yA zUrpamAtra, kSudra aura Alambana isake liye upayukta nahIM hai, kyoMki ghirI jagaha meM citta aura bhI moha ko prApta hotA hai| isaliye mohacarita puruSa kA kasiNa-maNDala vipula honA caahiye| zeSa bAtoM meM mohacarita dveSacarita puruSa ke samAna haiN| jo kucha dveSacarita puruSa ke upayukta batAyA gayA hai vaha saba zraddhAcarita ke liye bhI upayukta hai| AlambanoM meM zraddhAMcarita puruSa ke liye bhI anusmRti-sthAna bhI upayukta hai| buddhicarita puruSa ke liye AvAsAdi ke viSaya meM kucha bhI anupayukta nahIM hai| vitarkacarita puruSa ke liye dizAbhimukha, khulA huA AvAsa upayukta nahIM hai| kyoMki aise sthAna se usako ArAma, vana, puSkariNI Adi dikhalAyI degIM, jisase citta kA vikSepa hogA aura vitarka kI vRddhi hoNgii| isaliye use gambhIra parvata - vihAra meM rahanA caahiye| isake liye vipula Alambana bhI upayapukta na hogA; kyoMki yaha bhI vitarka kI vRddhi meM hetu hogaa| usakA Alambana kSudra honA caahiye| zeSa bAtoM meM vitarkacarita puruSa rAgacarita puruSa ke samAna hai| AcArya ko caryA ke anukUla karmasthAna kA grahaNa karAnA caahiye| isa sambandha meM Upara saMkSepa meM hI kahA gayA hai, aba vistAra se kahA jAyagA / karmasthAna cAlIsa haiN| vaha isa prakAra haiM-dasa kasiNa, dasa azubha, dasa anusmRti, cAra brahmavihAra, cAra ArUpya, eka saMjJA, eka vyavasthAna / kasiNa yoga-karma ke sahAyaka AlambanoM meM se haiN| zrAvaka 'kasiNa' AlambanoM kI bhAvanA karate haiN| 'kasiNoM (= kRtsna) para citta ko ekAgra karane se dhyAna kI samApti hotI hai| isa abhyAsa ko 'kasiNa kamma' kahate haiN| 'kasiNa' dasa haiM / visuddhimagga ke anusAra 'kasiNa' isa prakAra haiM- pRthvIkasiNa, ap0, teja, vAyu0, nIla0, pIta0, lohita0, avadAta0, Aloka, paricchinnAkAzakasiNa / majjhimanikAya tathA dIghanikAya kI sUcI meM Aloka aura paricchinnAkAza ke sthAna meM AkAza aura vijJAna parigaNita haiN| azuMbha dasa haiM--uddhumAtaka (bhAthI ko taraha phUlA huA mRta zarIra), vinIlaka (mRta * zarIra sAmAnyataH nIlA ho jAtA hai), vipubbaka (jisake bhinna sthAnoM se pIva visyandamAna hotI

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32 visuddhimagga hai), vicchiddaka (dvidhA chitra zava-zarIra), vikkhAyitaka (vaha zarIra jise kuttoM aura zRgAloM ne sthAna-sthAna para vividha rUpa se khAyA ho), vikkhitaka (vaha zava jisake aGga idhara-udhara vikhare par3e hoM) hatavikkhitaka (vaha zava jisake aGga pratyaGga zastra se kATakara idhara-udhara chitarA diye gaye hoM), lohitaka (rakta se sampRkta zava),puluvaka (krimiyoM se paripUrNa zava) aThika (asthi-pNjrmaatr)| - anusmRti dasa haiM-buddhAnusmRti, dharmAnusmRti, saGghAnusmRti, zIlAnusmRti, tyAgAnusmRti, devatAnusmRti, kAyagatAsmRti, maraNAnusmRti, AnApAnasmRti, upshmaanusmRti| maitrI, karuNA, muditA, upekSA- ye cAra brahmavihAra haiN|' AkAzAnantyAyatana, vijJAnAnantyAyatana, AkiJcanyAyatana, naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana- ye cAra ArUpya haiN| AhAra meM pratikUlasaMjJA eka saMjJA hai| cAra dhAtuoM kA vyavasthAna eka vyavasthAna samAdhi ke do prakAra haiM-upacAra aura arpnnaa| jaba taka dhyAna kSINa rahatA hai aura . arpaNA kI utpatti nahIM hotI; taba taka upacAra samAdhi kA vyavahAra hotA hai| upacAra-bhUmimeM nIvaraNoM kA prahANa hokara citta samAhita hotA hai| para vitarka vicAra Adi pA~ca aGgoM kA prAdurbhAva nahIM hotaa| jisa prakAra grAma kA samIpavartI pradeza grAmopacAra kahalAtA hai usI prakAra arpaNAsamAdhi ke samIpavartI hone ke kAraNa upacAra saMjJA pdd'ii| upacAra-bhUmi meM aGga sudRr3ha nahIM hote, para arpaNA meM aGgoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai aura ve sudRr3ha ho jAte haiN| isa liye yaha samAdhi kI pratilAbha-bhUmi hai| jisa prakAra bAlaka jaba khar3A hokara calane kA prayAsa karatA hai to Arambha meM abhyAsa na hone ke kAraNa khar3A hotA hai aura phira bAra-bAra gira par3atA hai; usI prakAra upacAra-samAdhi ke utpanna hone para citta kabhI nimitta ko Alambana banAtA hai to kabhI bhavAGga meM avatIrNa ho jAtA hai| para arpaNA meM aGga sudRr3ha ho jAte haiM; sArA dina, sArI rAta, citta sthira rahatA hai| cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM se dasa karmasthAna-buddha-dharma-saGgha-zIla-tyAga-devatA ye chaha anusmRtiyA~, maraNAnusmRti, upazamAnusmRti, AhAra ke viSaya meM pratikUla saMjJA aura caturdhAtuvyavasthAna-upacAra-samAdhi kA aura avaziSTa tIsa arpaNA-samAdhi kA Anayana karate haiN| jo karmasthAna arpaNA-samAdhi kA Anayana karate haiM; unameM se dasa kasiNa aura AnApAnasmRti cAra dhyAnoM ke Alambana hote haiM; dasa azubha aura kAyagatAsmRti prathama dhyAna ke Alambana haiM; pahale tIna brahma-vihAra tIna dhyAnoM ke aura cauthA brahma-vihAra aura cAra ArUpya cAra dhyAnoM ke Alambana haiN| pahale dhyAna ke pAMca aGga hote haiM-vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha, ekAgratA (samAdhi) isase savitarka-savicAra kahate haiN| dhyAnoM kI parigaNanA do prakAra se hai| cAra dhyAna yA pAMca dhyAna mAne jAte haiN| pAMca kI parigaNanA ke dUsare dhyAna meM vitarka kA atikrama hotA hai para vicAra raha jAtA hai| ise avitarkavicAra mAtra kahate haiN| para cAra kI parigaNanA ke dvitIya dhyAna meM aura pA~ca kI parigaNanA ke tRtIya dhyAna meM vitarka aura vicAra donoM kA atikrama hotA hai; kevala prIti, sukha aura samAdhi avaziSTa raha jAte haiN| pA~ca kI parigaNanA ke caturtha dhyAna meM aura cAra kI parigaNanA ke tRtIya dhyAna meM prIti kA atikrama hotA hai; kevala sukha aura samAdhi avaziSTa raha jAte haiN| donoM prakAra 1. tulanA kIjie-"maitrIkaruNAmuditopekSANAM sukhaduHkhapuNyApuNyaviSayANAM bhAvanAtazcittaprasAdanam'' (pA0 yogadarzana, samAdhipAda, sU0 33) /

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33 antaraGgakathA ke antima dhyAna meM sukha kA atikrama hotA hai| antima dhyAna kI samAdhi upekSA-sahagata hotI hai| isa prakAra tIna aura cAra dhyAnoM ke Alambana-svarUpa karmasthAnoM meM hI aGga kA samatikrama hotA hai; kyoMki vitarka-vicArAdi dhyAna ke aGgoM kA atikrama kara unhIM AlambanoM meM dvitIyAdi dhyAnoM kI prApti hotI hai| yahI kathA caturtha brahmavihAra kI hai| maitrI Adi AlambanoM meM saumanasya kA atikramaNa kara caturtha brahmavihAra meM upekSA kI prApti hotI hai| cAra ArUpyoM meM Alambana kA samatikramaNa hotA hai| pahale nau kasiNoM meM se kisI-kisI kA atikramaNa karane se hI AkAzAnantyAyatana kI prApti hotI hai| AkAza Adi kA atikramaNa kara vijJAnAnantyAyatana Adi kI prAti hotI hai| zeSa arthAt ikkIsa karmasthAnoM meM samatikramaNa nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra kucha meM aGga kA atikramaNa aura kucha meM Alambana kA atikramaNa hotA ina cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM se kevala dasa kasiNoM kI vRddhi karanI caahiye| kyoMki jitanA sthAna kasiNa dvArA vyApta hotA hai utane hI avakAza meM divya zrotra se zabda sunA jAtA hai, divya cakSu se rUpa dekhe jA sakate haiM aura paracitta kA jJAna ho sakatA hai| parakAyagatA smRti aura dasa azubhoM kI vRddhi nahIM karanI cAhiye; kyoMki isase koI lAbha nahIM hai| yaha paricchinnAkAra meM hI upasthita hote haiN| isaliye inakI vRddhi se koI artha nahIM nikltaa| inakI vRddhi kiye vinA bhI kAma-rAga kA dhvaMsa hotA hai| zeSa karmasthAnoM kI bhI vRddhi nahIM karanI caahiye| udAharaNa ke liye jo AnApAna nimitta kI vRddhi karatA hai, vaha vAtarAzi kI hI vRddhi karatA hai aura avakAza bhI paricchinna hotA hai| cAra brahmavihAroM ke Alambana sattva haiN| inameM nimitta kI vRddhi karane se sattva-rAzi kI hI vRddhi hotI hai aura usase koI upakAra nahIM hotaa| koI pratibhAganimitta nahIM hai jisakI vRddhi kI jaay| ArUpya AlambanoM meM bhI AkAza kI vRddhi nahIM karanI cAhiye; kyoMki kasiNa ke apagama se hI ArUpya kI prApti hotI hai| vijJAna aura naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana svabhAva-dharma haiM; isaliye inakI vRddhi sambhava nahIM hai| zeSa kI vRddhi isaliye nahIM ho sakatI kyoMki ye animitta hai| buddhAnusmRti Adi kA Alambana pratibhAganimitta nahIM hai| isaliye inakI vRddhi nahIM karanI caahiye| dasa kasiNa, dasa azubha, AnApAna-smRti, kAyagatAsmRti-kevala ina bAIsa karmasthAnoM ke Alambana pratibhAga-nimitta hote haiN| zeSa ATha smRtiyA~, AhAra ke viSaya meM pratikUla-saMjJA aura caturdhAtu vyavasthAna, vijJAnAnantyAyatana, naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana- ina bAraha karmasthAnoM ke Alambana svabhAva-dharma haiN| ukta dasa kasiNa Adi bAIsa karmasthAnoM ke Alambana nimitta haiN| zeSa chaha-cAra brahma-vihAra, AkAzAnAntyAyatana aura AkiJcanyAyatana ke AlambanoM ke sambandha meM na to yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve nimitta haiM aura na yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve svabhAvadharma haiN| vipulvaka lohitaka, puluvaka, AnApAna-smRti, apakasiNa, tejakasiNa, vAyukasiNa aura AlokakasiNoM meM sUryAdi se jo avabhAsa-maNDala AtA hai-ina ATha karmasthAnoM ke Alambana calita haiM; para pratibhAga-nimitta sthira haiN| zeSa karmasthAnoM ke Alambana sthira haiN| ___ manuSyoM meM saba AlambanoM kI pravRtti hotI hai| devatAoM meM dasa azubha, kAyagatAsmRti aura AhAra ke viSaya meM pratikUla-saMjJA-ina bAraha AlambanoM kI pravRtti nahIM hotii| brahmaloka

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visuddhimagga meM uka bAraha Alambana tathA AnApAnasmRti kI pravRtti nahIM hotii| arUpabhava meM cAra ArUpyoM ko chor3akara kisI anya Alambana kI pravRtti nahIM hotii| - vAyu-kasiNa ko chor3akara bAkI nau kasiNa aura dasa azubha kA grahaNa dRSTi dvArA hotA hai| isakA artha yaha hai ki pahale cakSu se bAra-bAra dekhane se nimitta kA grahaNa hotA hai| kAyagatA smRti ke Alambana kA grahaNa dRSTi-zravaNa se hotA hai; kyoMki tvak paJca kA grahaNa dRSTi se aura zeSa kA zravaNa se hotA hai| AnApAna-smRti sparza se, bAyu-kasiNa darzana-sparza se, zeSa aThAraha zravaNa se gRhIta hote haiN| bhAvanA ke Arambha meM yogI upekSA, brahmavicAra aura cAra ArUpyoM kA grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA; para zeSa cautIsa AlambanoM kA grahaNa kara sakatA hai| . ____ AkAza-kasiNa ko chor3akara zeSa nau kasiNa ArUpyoM meM hetu haiM; dasa kasiNa abhijJA meM hetu haiM, pahale tIna brahmavihAra caturtha brahmavihAra meM hetu haiM; nIce ke ArUpya Upara ke ArUpya meM hetu haiM, naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana nirodhasamApatti meM hetu hai; aura saba karmasthAna sukhavihAra, vipazyanA aura bhavasampatti meM hetu haiN| rAgacarita puruSa ke gyAraha karmasthAna- dasa asubha aura kAyagatAsmRti-anukUla haiM; dveSacarita puruSa ke ATha karmasthAna-cAra brahma-vihAra aura cAra varNakasiNa-anukUla haiM; moha aura vitarkacarita puruSa ke liye eka AnApAnasmRti hI anukUla haiM; zraddhAcarita puruSa ke liye pahalI chaha anusmRtiyoM, buddhicarita puruSa ke liye maraNasmRti, upazamAnusmRti, caturdhAtuvyavasthAna aura AhAra ke viSaya meM pratikUlasaMjJA-ye karmasthAna anukUla haiN| zeSa kasiNa aura cAra Alapya savacarita ke puruSoM ke lie anukUla haiN| kasiNoM meM jo kSudra hai vaha vitarkacarita puruSa ke liye aura jo apramANa haiM vaha mohacarita puruSa ke anukUla hai| jisake liye jo karmasthAna atyanta upayukta hai usakA ullekha Upara kiyA gayA hai| aisI koI kuzalabhAvanA nahIM hai jisameM rAgAdi kA parityAga na ho aura jo zraddhAdi kI upakI na ho| meSiya-suta meM bhagavAn kahate haiM ki ina cAra dharmoM kI bhAvanA karanI cAhiye- rAga ke nAza ke liye azubha-bhAvanA, vyApAda ke nAza ke liye maitrI-bhAvanA, vitarka ke upaccheda ke liye AnApAna-smRti kI bhAvanA aura ahaGkAra-mamakAra ke samuddhAta ke liye anitya-saMjJA kI bhaavnaa| rAhula-sutta meM bhagavAn ne eka ke liye sAta karmasthAnoM kA upadeza kiyA hai| isaliye vacanamAtra meM abhiniveza na rakhakara saba jagaha abhiprAya kI khoja honI caahiye| 4.pRthvIkasiNa-nirdeza aba dasa kasiNoM kA grahaNa kara bhAvanA kisa prakAra kI jAtI hai? aura dhyAnoM kA utpAda kaise hotA hai?-isa para vicAra kreNge| pRthvIkasiNa-sAdhaka ko kalyANamitra ke samIpa apanI caryA ke anukUla kisI karmasthAna kA grahaNa kara samAdhi-bhAvanA ke anupayukta vihAra kA parityAga kara anurUpa vihAra meM vAsa karanA cAhiye aura bhAvanA-vidhAna kA kisI aMza meM bhI parityAga na kara karmasthAna kA Asevana karanA caahiye| jisa vihAra meM AcArya nivAsa karate hoM yadi vahA~ samAdhi-bhAvanA kI suvidhA ho to vahIM rahakara karmasthAna kA saMzodhana karanA caahiye| yadi asuvidhA ho to AcArya ke vihAra se adhika se adhika eka yojana kI dUrI para nivAsa karanA caahiye| yadi kisI viSaya meM sandeha upasthita ho yA smRti-saMmoSa ho to vihAra kA dainika kRtya sampAdana kara AcArya ke samIpa jAkara gRhIta karmasthAna kA saMzodhana karanA caahiye| yadi eka yojana ke bhItara bhI koI upayukta

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antaraGgakathA 35 vihAra na mile to saba prakAra ke sandehoM kA nirAkaraNa kara karmasthAna ke artha aura abhiprAya ko bhalI prakAra citta meM pratiSThita kara karmasthAna ko suvizuddha karanA caahiye| tadanantara dUra jAkara bhI samAdhi - bhAvanA ke anurUpa sthAna meM nivAsa karanA cAhiye / aThAraha doSoM meM se kisI eka se bhI samanvAgata vihAra samAdhi bhAvanA ke anurUpa nahIM hotaa| sAmAnyataH yogI ko mahAvihAra, navavihAra, jIrNavihAra, rAjapatha - samIpavartI vihAra Adi meM nivAsa nahIM karanA caahiye| mahAvihAra meM nAnAprakAra ke bhikSu nivAsa karate haiN| Apasa ke virodha ke kAraNa vihAra kA dainika kRtya bhalIbhA~ti sampAdita nahIM hotaa| jaba sAdhaka bhikSA ke liye bAhara jAtA hai aura yadi vaha dekhatA hai ki koI kAma karane se raha gayA hai, to use usa kAma ko svayaM karanA par3atA hai / na karane se vaha doSa kA bhAgI hotA hai aura yadi kare to samaya naSTa hotA hai, aura vilamba ho jAne se usako bhikSA nahIM miltii| yadi vaha kisI ekAnta sthAna meM baiThakara samAdhi kI bhAvanA karanA cAhatA hai to zrAmaNera aura taruNa bhikSuoM ke kolAhala ke kAraNa vikSepa upasthita hotA hai| jIrNa vihAra meM abhisaMskAra kA kAma barAbara lagA rahatA hai| rAjapatha ke samIpavartI vihAra meM dinarAta Agantuka AyA karate haiN| yadi vikAla meM koI AyA to apanA zayanAsana bhI denA par3atA hai| isaliye vahA~ karmasthAna kA avakAza nahIM miltaa| yadi vihAra ke samIpa puSkariNI huI to vahA~ nirantara logoM kA jamaghaTa rahA karatA hai| koI jala bharane AtA hai to koI cIvara dhone aura raMgane AtA hai| isa prakAra nirantara vikSepa huA karatA hai| aisA vihAra bhI anupayukta hai, jahA~ nAnA prakAra ke zAka, parNa, phala yA phUla ke vRkSa ho, vahA~ bhI nivAsa nahIM karanA cAhiye; kyoMki aise sthAnoM para phala-phUloM ke abhyarthI nirantara karate haiM, na dene para kupita hote haiM, kabhI-kabhI haTha bhI karate haiM, aura samajhAne bujhAne para kruddha hote haiM aura usa bhikSu ko vihAra se nikAlane kI ceSTA karate haiM ! kisI loka-sammata sthAna meM bhI nivAsa na karanA caahiye| kyoMki aise prasiddha sthAna meM yaha samajhakara ki yahA~ arhat nivAsa karate haiM, loga dUra-dUra se darzanArtha AyA karate haiN| isase vikSepa hotA hai / jo vihAra nagara ke samIpa ho vaha bhI anurUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki vahA~ nivAsa karane se kAmaguNopasaMhita hIna zabda karNagocara hote haiM aura asad Alambana dRSTipatha meM Apatita hote haiN| jisa vihAra meM vRkSa hote haiM, vahA~ kASThahAraka lakar3I kATane Ate haiM; jisase dhyAna meM vikSepa hotA hai| jisa vihAra ke cAroM ora kheta hoM vahA~ bhI nivAsa na karanA caahiye| kyoMki vihAra ke madhya meM kisAna khalihAna banAte haiM, dhAna pITate haiM anya taraha ke vighna upasthita karate haiM! jisa vihAra meM bar3I sampatti lagI ho vahA~ bhI vikSepa huA karatA hai| loga taraha taraha ke Aropa lAte haiM aura samaya samaya para rAjadvAra para jAnA par3atA hai| jisa vihAra meM aise bhikSu nivAsa karate hoM jinake vicAra paraspara na milate hoM aura jo eka dUsare ke prati vairabhAva rakhate hoM vahA~ sadA vidhna upasthita rahatA hai, vahA~ bhI nahIM rahanA cAhiye / sAdhaka ko doSoM se yukta vihAroM kA parityAga kara aise vihAra meM nivAsa karanA cAhiye jo bhikSAgrAma se na bahuta dUra ho, na bahuta samIpa; vahA~ Ane-jAne kI suvidhA ho, jahA~ dina meM logoM kA saMghaTTa na ho, jahA~ rAtri meM bahuta zabda na ho aura jahA~ havA, dhUpa, macchara, khaTamala aura saupa Adi reMganevAle jAnavaroM kI bAdhA na ho; aise vihAra meM sUtra aura vinaya ke jAnane vAle bhikSu nivAsa karate haiN| yoga - jijJAsu unase prazna karatA hai aura ve usake sandehoM ko dUra karate haiN|

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36 visuddhimagga anurUpa vihAra meM nivAsa karate hue yogI ko pahale kSudra antarAyoM kA upaccheda karanA caahiye| arthAt yadi cIvara mailA ho to use phira se raMgavAnA cAhiye, yadi pAtra mailA ho to use zura karanA cAhiye, yadi keza aura nakha bar3ha gaye hoM to unako kaTavAnA cAhiye aura yadi cIvara jIrNa ho gayA ho to usako silavAnA caahiye| isa prakAra kSudra antarAyoM kA upaccheda karanA caahiye| bhojana ke bAda thor3A vizrAma kara ekAnta sthAna meM paryaGkabaddha ho sukhapUrvaka baiThakara prAkRtika athavA kRtrima pRthvI-maNDala meM bhAvanA-jJAna dvArA pRthvInimitta kA grahaNa karanA cAhiye; arthAt pRthvImaNDala kI ora bAra-bAra dekhakara cakSurnimIlana dvArA pRthvInimitta ko mana meM acchI taraha dhAraNa karanA cAhiye, jisameM punaravalokana ke kSaNa meM hI vaha nimitta upasthita ho jaay| jo puNyavAn hai aura jisane pUrvajanma meM zramaNa-dharma kA pAlana karate hue pRthvIkasiNa nAma karmasthAna kI bhAvanA kara dhyAnoM kA utpAda kiyA hai, usake liye kRtrima pRthvI-maNDala ke utpAda kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| vaha calamaNDalAdika prAkRtika pRthvI-maNDala meM hI nimitta kA grahaNa kara letA hai| para jisako aisA adhikAra prApta nahIM hai, use cAra kasiNa doSoM kA parihAra karate hue kRtrima pRthvI-maNDala banAnA caahiye| nIla, pIta, lohita, aura avadAta (zveta) ke saMsargavaza pRthvI-kasiNa meM doSa prApta ho jAte haiN| nIlAdi varNa dasa kasiNoM meM parigaNita haiN| inake saMsarga se zuddha pRthvI-kasiNa kA utpAda nahIM hotaa| isIliye ina vargoM kI mRttikA kA parityAga batAyA gayA hai| ata: pRthvI-maNDala banAte samaya nIlAdi varNa kI mRttikA kA grahaNa na kara gaGgA nadI kI aruNa varNa kI mRttikA kAma meM lAnI caahiye| bihAra meM jahA~ zrAmaNera Adi Ate-jAte hoM vahA~ maNDala na banAnA caahiye| vihAra ke pratyanta meM, pracchanna sthAna meM, guhA yA parNazAlA meM, pRthvI-maNDala banAnA caahiye| yaha maNDala do prakAra hotA hai-1. cala (saMhArima-calanayogya) aura 2. acala (ttrtttthk)| cAra daNDoM meM kapar3A camar3A yA caTAI bA~dhakara usameM sApha kI huI miTThI kA niyata pramANa kA vRtta (vartula) lIpa dene se cala-maNDala banatA hai| bhAvanA ke samaya yaha bhUmi para phailA diyA jAtA hai| pAkarNikA ke AkAra meM sthANu gAr3akara latAoM se use veSTita kara dene se acalamaNDala banatA hai| yadi aruNa varNa kI mRttikA paryApta mAtrA meM upalabdha na ho sake to adhobhAga meM dUsarI taraha kI miTTI DAlakara Upara ke bhAga meM suparizuddha aruNa varNa kI mRttikA kA eka bAlizta cAra aMgula ke vistAra kA vRtta bananA caahiye| pramANa ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki vRtta zUrpamAtra ho athavA zarAvamAtra / kucha logoM ke mata meM ina donoM kA sama pramANa hai, para kucha kA kahanA hai ki zarAva (=pyAlA) eka bAlizta cAra aMgula kA hotA hai aura zUrpa kA pramANa isase adhika hai| inake mata meM vRtta ko zarAva se kama aura zUrpa se adhika pramANa kA na honA caahiye| isa vRtta ko patthara se ghisakara bheri-tala ke sadRza sama karanA caahiye| sthAna sApha kara aura snAna kara maNDala se DhAI hAtha kI dUrI para eka bAlizta cAra aGgala U~ce pairoMvAle pIr3he para baiThanA caahiye| isase adhika antarAla para baiThane se maNDala nahIM dikhAyI degA aura yadi isase nIce Asana para baiThA jAya to ghuTane darda karane lgeNge| isaliye ukta prakAra ke Asana para hI baiThanA caahiye| kAma kA doSa dekhakara aura dhyAna ke lAbha ko hI sA duga ke atikramaNa kA upAra nikSita kara naiSkarmya ke liye prIti utpanna karanI caahiye| "busa, pratyekabuddha aura Arya bhAratakoM

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. antarakathA 37 ne isI mArga kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| maiM bhI isI mArga kA anugAmI ho ekAnta-sevana ke sukha kA AsvAda karU~gA" aisA vicAra kara use yoga-sAdhana ke liye utsAha paidA karanA caahiye| aura sama AkAra se cakSu kA unmIlana kara nimitta-grahaNa (-Thaggahanimitta) kI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| jisa prakAra atisUkSma aura atibhAsvara rUpa ke dhyAna se AMkheM thaka jAtI hai usI prakAra ati unmIlana se bhI A~kheM thaka jAtI haiM aura maNDala kA rUpa bhI atyanta prakaTa ho jAtA hai arthAt usake svabhAva kA atyanta AvirbhAva hotA hai tathA usake varNa aura lakSaNa adhika spaSTa ho jAte haiM aura isa prakAra nimitta kA grahaNa nahIM hotaa| manda unmIlana se maNDala kA rUpa dikhAyI nahIM datA aura darzana ke kArya meM citta kA vyApAra manda ho jAtA hai| isaliye nimitta kA grahaNa nahIM hotaa| ataH sama AkAra se hI cakSu kA unmIlana karanA caahiye| pRthvI-kasiNa ke aruNa varNa kA cintana aura pRthvI-dhAtu ke lakSaNa kA grahaNa na karanA caahiye| yadyapi varNa kA cintana niSiddha hai, tathApi pRthvIdhAtu kI utsannatAvaza varNasahita pRthvI kI bhAvanA eka prajJati ke rUpa meM karanI caahiye| isa prakAra pratimAtra meM citta kI pratiSThA karanI caahiye| loka meM sambhArasahita pRthvI ko 'pRthvI' kahate haiN| pRthvI, mahI, medinI, bhUmi, vasudhA, vasundharA Adi pRthvI ke nAmoM meM se jo nAma sAdhaka ko rucikara ho, usa nAma kA uccAraNa kara bhAvanA karanA acchA hai| kabhI A~kha kholakara, kabhI A~kha mUMdakara, nimitta kA dhyAna karanA caahiye| jaba bhAvanAvaza AMkheM mUMdane para usI taraha jaisA AMkha kholane para nimitta kA darzana ho, taba samajhanA cAhiye ki nimitta kA utpAda huA hai| nimittotpAda ke bAda usa sthAna para nahIM baiThanA caahiye| apane nivAsa sthAna meM baiThakara bhAvanA karanI caahiye| yadi kisI anupayuka kAraNavaza isa taruNa samAdhi kA nAza ho jAya to zIghra usa sthAna para jAkara nimitta kA grahaNa kara apane vAsa-sthAna para lauTa AnA cAhiye aura bahulatA ke sAtha isa bhAvanA kA Asevana aura bAra bAra citta meM nimitta kI pratiSThA karanI caahiye| aisA karane se kramapUrvaka nIvaraNa arthAt antarAyoM kA nAza aura klezoM kA upazama hotA hai| bhAvanA-krama se jaba zraddhA Adi indriyA~ suvizada aura tIkSNa ho jAtI haiM taba kAmAdi doSa kA lopa hotA hai aura upacAra-samAdhi meM citta samAhita ho pratibhAga-nimitta kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| pratibhAga-nimitta, udgraha-nimitta (=Thaggahanimitta) se kaI gunA adhika suparizuddha hotA hai| udgraha-nimitta meM kasiNa-doSa (jaise aMgulI kI chApa) dikhalAyI par3ate haiM; para pratibhAga-nimitta bhAsvara aura svaccha hokara nikalatA hai| pratibhAga-nimitta varNa aura AkAra (saMsthAna) se rahita hotA hai| yaha cakSu dvArA jJeya nahIM hai, yaha sthUla padArtha nahIM hai aura anityatA Adi lakSaNoM se aGkita nahIM hai| kevala samAdhi-lAbhI ko yaha upasthita hotA hai aura bhAvanAsaMjJA se isakA utpAda hotA hai| isakI utpatti ke samaya se hI antarAyoM kA nAza aura klezoM kA upazama hotA hai tathA citta upanAra-samAdhi dvArA samAhita hotA hai| pratibhAga-nimitta kA utpAda atiduSkara hai| isa nimittakI rakSA bahuta prayatna ke sAtha karanI cAhiye; kyoMki dhyAna kA yahI Alambana hai| nimitta ke vinaSTa hone se labdha dhyAna bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai| upacAra-samAdhi ke balavAn hone se dhyAna ke adhigama kI avasthA arthAt arpaNA samAdhi utpanna hotI hai| usa avasthA meM dhyAna ke annoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| upayuka ke Asevana aura anupayukta ke parityAga se nimitta kI rakSA aura arpaNA samAdhi kA lAbha hotA hai| jisa AvAsa meM nimitta utpanna aura sthira hotA hai, jahA~ smRti kA sampramoSa nahIM hotA aura

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visuddhimagga citta ekAgra hotA hai; usI AvAsa meM sAdhaka ko nivAsa karanA caahiye| jo gocara, grAma, AvAsa ke samIpa ho aura jahA~ bhikSA sulabha ho vahI upayukta hai| sAdhaka ke liye laukika kathA anupayuka hai| isase nimitta kA lopa hotA hai| sAdhaka ko aise puruSa kA saGga na karanA cAhiye jo laukika kathA kahe; kyoMki isase samAdhi meM bAdhA upasthita hotI hai aura jo prApta kiyA hai vaha bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai| upayukta bhojana, Rtu aura IryApatha (-vRtti) kA Asevana karanA cAhiye, aisA karane se tathA bahulatA ke sAtha nimitta kA Asevana karane se zIghra hI arpaNAsamAdhi kA lAbha hotA hai| para yadi isa vidhi se bhI arpaNA kA utpAda na ho to nimnalikhita daza prakAra se arpaNA meM kuzalatA prAsa hotI hai: 1.zarIra tathA cIvara Adi kA zuddhatA se| yadi keza-nakha bar3e hoM, zarIra se durgandha AtI ho, cIvara jIrNa tathA kliSTa aura Asana mailA ho to citta tathA caitasika-dharma bhI aparizuddha hote haiM; jJAna bhI aparizuddha hotA hai, samAdhi bhAvanA durbala aura kSINa ho jAtI hai; karmasthAna bhI praguNa bhAva ko nahIM prApta hotA aura isa prakAra aGgoM kA prAdurbhAva nahIM hotaa| isaliye zarIra tathA cIvara Adiko vizada tathA parizuddha rakhanA cAhiye jisameM citta sukhI ho aura ekAgra ho| ___. 2. addhAdi indriyoM ke samabhAva pratipAdana se| zraddhAdi (zraddhA, vIrya, smRti, samAdhi, prajA) indriyoM meM se yadi koI eka indriya balavAn ho to itara indriyA~ apane kRtya meM asamartha ho jAtI haiN| jisameM zraddhA kA Adhikya hotA hai aura prajJA manda hotI hai, vaha avastu meM zraddhA karatA hai jisakI prajJA balavatI hotI hai aura zraddhA manda hotI hai vaha zaThatA kA pakSa grahaNa karatA hai aura usakA citta zuSka tarka se vilupta hotA hai| zraddhA aura prajJA kA anyonyaviraha anarthAvaha hai| isaliye ina donoM indriyoM kA samabhAva iSTa hai| donoM kI samatA se hI arpaNA hotI hai| isI prakAra vIrya aura samAdhi kA bhI samabhAva iSTa hai| samAdhi yadi prabala ho aura vIrya manda ho to Alasya abhibhUta karatA hai| kyoMki samAdhi AlasyapAkSika hai| yadi vIrya prabala ho aura samAdhi manda ho to citta kI bhrAntatA yA vikSepa abhibhUta karatA hai; kyoMki vIrya vikSepa-pAkSika hai| kisI eka indriya kI sAtizaya pravRtti hone se anya indriyoM kA vyApAra manda ho jAtA hai| isaliye arpaNA kI siddhi ke liye indriyoM kI ekarasatA abhISTa hai| kintu zamathayAnika ko balavatI zraddhA bhI caahiye| vinA zraddhA ke arpaNA kA lAbha nahIM ho sktaa| yadi vaha yaha soce ki kevala pRthvI-pRthvI isa prakAra cintana karane se kaise dhyAna kI utpatti hogI to arpaNAsamAdhi kA lAbha nahIM ho sktaa| usako bhagavAn kI batAyI huI vidhi kI saphalatA para vizvAsa honA caahiye| balavatI smRti to sarvatra abhISTa hai; kyoMki citta smRti-parAyaNa hai aura isaliye vinA smRti ke citta kA nigraha nahIM hotaa| 3. nimitta kauzala se arthAt labdha-nimitta kI rakSA meM kuzala aura dakSa hone se| 4. jisa samaya citta kA pragraha karanA ho usa samaya citta kA pragraha karane se| jisa samaya vIrya, prAmodya Adi kI zithilatA se bhAvanA-citta saGkacita hotA hai, usa samaya prazradhi (kAya aura citta kI zAnti), samAdhi aura upekSA ina bodhyaGgoM kI bhAvanA upayukta nahIM haiM, kyoMki inase saMkucita citta kA utthAna nahIM hotaa| jisa samaya citta saMkucita ho usa samaya dharmavicaya, (prajJA), vIrya (utsAha) aura prIti ina bodhyaGgoM kI bhAvanA karanI

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antaraGgakathA caahiye| inase manda-citta kA utthAna hotA hai| kuzala aura akuzala ke svabhAva tathA sAmAnya lakSaNoM ke yathArtha avabodha se dharmavicaya kI bhAvanA hotI hai| Alasya ke parityAga se abhyAsavaza kuzala-kriyoM kA Arambha vIryasaJcaya aura pratipakSa dharmoM ke vidhvaMsana kI paTutA prApta hotI hai| prItisamprayukta dharmoM kA nirantara cintana karane se prIti kA utpAda aura vRddhi hotI hai| pariprazna, zarIrAdi kI zuddhatA, indriya-samabhAva-karaNa, mandabuddhivAloM ke parivarjana, prajJAvAn ke Asevana, skandha, Ayatana, dhAtu, cAra Aryasatya, pratItyasamutpAda Adi gambhIra jJAnakathA kI pratyavekSA tathA prajJAparAyaNatA se dharmavicaya kA utpAda hotA hai| durgati Adi duHkhAvasthA kI bhISaNatA kA vicAra karane se, isa vicAra se ki laukika athavA lokottara meM jo kucha vizeSatA hai usakI prIti vIrya ke adhIna, isa vicAra se ki AlasI puruSa buddha, pratyekabuddha, mahAzrAvakoM ke mArga kA anugAmI nahIM ho sakatA, zAstA ke mahattva kA cintana karane se (zAstA ne hamAre sAtha bahuta upakAra kiyA hai, zAstA ke zAsana kA atikramaNa nahIM ho sakatA, vIryArambha (=kuzalotsAha) kI zAstA ne prazaMsA kI hai), dharmadAyAdaya ke mahattva kA cintana karane se (mujhe dharma kA dAyAda honA cAhiye, AlasI puruSa dharma kA dAyAda nahIM ho sakatA), Aloka-saMjJA ke cintana se, IryApatha ke parivartana aura khulI jagaha rahane se, Alasya aura akarmaNyatA kA parityAga karane se, AlasiyoM ke parivarjana aura vIryavAn ke Asevana se, vyAyAma (udyoga) ke cintana se tathA vIryaparAyaNa hone se vIrya kA utpAda hotA buddha, dharma, saGgha zIla, tyAga (dAna), devatA aura upazama ke nirantara smaraNa se, bunAdi meM jo sneha aura prAsAda nahIM rakhatA usake parivarjana tathA buddha meM jo snigdha hai usake Asevana se, sampasAdanIya sutta ke cintana tathA prIti-parAyaNa hone se prIti kA utpAda hotA hai| 5. jisa-samaya citta kA nigraha karanA ho usa samaya citta kA nigraha karane se| jisa samaya vIrya, saMvega, (-vairAgya), prAmodya ke atireka se citta uddhata aura anavasthita hotA hai usa samaya dharmaviSaya, vIrya aura prIti kI bhAvanA anupayukta hai, kyoMki inase uddhatacitta kA samAdhAna nahIM ho sktaa| aise samaya prazrabdhi, samAdhi aura upekSA ina bodhyaGgoM kI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| kAya aura citta kI zAnti kA nirantara cintana karane se prazrabdhi kI bhAvanA, zamatha aura avyagratA kA nirantara cintana karane se samAdhi kI bhAvanA aura upekSAsamprayukta dharmoM kA nirantara cintana karane se upekSA kI bhAvanA hotI hai| praNIta bhojana, acchI Rtu upayukta IryApatha ke Asevana se, udAsIna vRtti se, krodhI puruSa ke parityAga aura zAntacitta puruSa ke Asevana se tathA prazrabdhi-parAyaNa hone se prazradhikA utpAda hotA hai| zarIrAdi kI zuddhatA se, nimitakuzalatA se, indriya-samabhAva-kAraNa se, samaya-samaya para pita ke pragraha (-lIna citta kA utthAna) aura nigraha (=usta citta kA samAdhAna) karane se, zraddhA aura saMvega (-vairAgya) dvArA upazama-sukha-rahita citta kA saMtarpaNa karane se pragraha-nigraha-santarpaNa ke viSaya meM samyakpravRtta bhAvanA-citta kI viraktatA se, asamAhita puruSa ke parityAga aura samAhita puruSa ke sevana se, dhyAnoM kI bhAvanA, utpAda, adhiSThAna (-avasthiti) vyutthAna, saMkleza aura vyavadAna (-vistA ). ke cintana se tathA samAdhiparAyaNa hone se samAdhi kA utpAda hotA hai|

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visuddhimagga jIvoM aura saMskAroM ke prati upekSA bhAva, aise logoM kA parityAga jinako jIva aura saMskAra priya haiM, aise logoM kA Asevana jo jIva aura saMskAroM ke prati upekSA bhAva rakhate haiM tathA upekSAparAyaNatA se upekSA kA utpAda hotA hai / 6. jisa samaya citta kA sampraharSaNa (=santarpaNa) karanA cAhiye usa samaya cittake sampraharSaNa se / jaba prajJAvyApAra ke alpabhAva ke kAraNa yA upezama-sukha ke alAbha ke kAraNa cisa kA tarpaNa nahIM hotA taba ATha saMvegoM dvArA saMvega utpanna karanA caahiye| janma, jarA, vyAdhi, maraNa, apAya duHkha, atIta meM jisa duHkha kA mUla ho, anAgata meM jisa duHkha kA mUla ho aura vartamAna meM AhAraparyeSaNa kA duHkha-ye ATha saMvega-vastu haiN| buddha, dharma aura saGgha ke guNoM ke anusmaraNa se citta kA samprasAda hotA hai| 7. jisa samaya citta kA upekSA bhAva honA cAhiye usa samaya citta kI udAsInavRtti se| jaba bhAvanA karate hue yogI ke citta kA vyApAra manda nahIM hotA, citta kA vikSepa nahIM hotA, citta ko upazama-sukha kA lAbha hotA hai, Alambana meM citta kI sama pravRtti hotI hai aura. zamatha ke mArga meM citta kA ArohaNa hotA hai; taba pragraha, nigraha aura sampraharSaNa ke viSaya meM citta kI udAsIna vRtti hotI hai| 8. aise logoM ke parityAga se jo aneka kAryoM meM vyApta rahate haiM, jinakA hRdaya vikSipta hai aura jo dhyAna ke mArga meM kabhI pravRtta nahIM hue haiN| 9. samAdhi - lAbhI puruSoM ke Asevana se / 10. samAdhi-parAyaNa hone se / 40 ukta dasa prakAra se arpaNA meM kuzalatA prApta kI jAtI hai| Alasya aura cittavikSepa kA nivAraNa kara jo yogI sama prayoga se bhAvanacitta ko pratibhAga- nimitta meM sthira karatA hai vaha arpaNA-samAdhi kA lAbha karatA hai| citta ke lIna aura uddhata bhAvoM kA parityAga kara nimitta kI ora citta ko pravRtta karanA cAhiye / jaba yogI citta ko nimitta kI tarapha prerita karatA hai taba citta-dvAra bhAvanA ke bala se upasthita usI pRthvImaNDalarUpI Alambana ko apanI ora AkRSTa karatA hai| usa samaya usa Alambana meM cAra yA pA~ca cetanAe~ (javana) utpanna hotI haiN| inameM se antima rUpAvacara bhUmi kI hai; zeSa tIna yA cAra cetanAe~ kAma-dhAtu kI haiN| prAkRtika citta kI apekSA ina tIna yA cAra cetanAoM ke vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha aura ekAgratA Adi bhAvanA ke bala se paTutara hote haiN| inheM 'parikarma' (parikamma) kahate haiN| kyoMki ye cetanAe~ arpaNA kI pratisaMskAraka haiN| arpaNA kA samIpavartI hone se inheM 'upacAra' bhI kahate haiN| arpaNA ke anuloma hone se inakI 'anuloma' saMjJA bhI hai| tIsarI yA cauthI cetanA gotrabhU kahalAtI hai| yaha cetanA ( = javana) kAma - tRSNA ke viSayoM ke vizeSa rUpa aura anuttara dharmoM ke sAmparAyika rUpa kI sImA para sthita hai| isa prakAra meM ye saba saMjJAe~ sAmAnya rUpa se saba javanoM kI haiN| yadi vizeSatA ke sAtha kahA jAya to pahalA javana 'parikarma', dUsarA 'upacAra', tIsarA 'anuloma', cauthA 'gotrabhU', yA pahalA 'upacAra', dUsarA 'anuloma', tIsarA 'gotrabhU', aura cauthA yA pA~cavA~ 'arpaNA' hai| jisakI buddhi prakhara hai usakI cauthe javana meM arpaNA kI siddhi hotI hai; para jisakI buddhi manda hai usako pA~caveM javana meM arpaNA citta kA lAbha hotA hai| cauthe yA pA~caveM javana meM hI arpaNA kI siddhi hotI hai| tatpazcAt cetanA bhavAGga meM avatIrNa hotI hai| arpaNA kA kAla-pariccheda

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antaraGgakathA 41 eka citta-kSaNa hai, tadanantara bhavAGga meM pAta hotA hai| pIche bhavAGga kA upaccheda kara dhyAna kI pratyavekSA ke liye cittAvarjana hotA hai; tatpazcAt dhyAna kI parIkSA hotI hai| kAma aura akuzala ke parityAga se hI prathama dhyAna kA lAbha hotA hai, yaha prathama dhyAna ke pratipakSa haiN| prathama dhyAna meM vizeSa kara kAma-dhAtu kA atikramaNa hotA hai| kAma se 'vastukAma' kA Azaya hai| jo vastu (jaise, priya-manorama-rUpa) kAma kA uddIpana kare vaha vastukAma hai, kisI vastu ke liye abhilASa, rAga tathA lobha ke prabheda 'klezakAma' kahalAte haiN| akuzala se klezakAma tathA anya akuzala kA Azaya hai| kAma ke parityAga se kArya-viveka aura akuzala ke vivarjana se citta-viveka sUcita hotA hai| pahale se tRSNA Adi kleza ke viSaya kA parityAga aura dUsare se kleza kA parityAga sUcita hotA hai| pahale se kAma-sukha kA parityAga aura dUsare se dhyAna-sukha kA parigraha prakAzita hotA hai| pahale se capala bhAva ke hetu kA parityAga aura dUsare se avidyA kA parityAga; pahale se prayoga-zuddhi (prANAtipAtAdi azuddha prayoga kA parityAga) aura dUsare se adhyAzaya kI zuddhi sUcita hotI hai| yadyapi akuzala dharmoM meM dRSTi, mAna Adi pApa bhI saMgRhIta haiM; tathApi yahA~ kevala unhIM akuzala dharmoM se tAtparya hai jo dhyAna ke aGgoM ke virodhI haiN| yahA~ akuzala dharmoM se pA~ca varaNoM se hI Azaya hai| dhyAna ke aGga inake pratipakSa haiM aura inakA viSAta karate haiN| samAdhi kAmacchanda (abhilASa, lobha, tRSNA) kA pratipakSa hai, prIti vyApAda (hiMsA) kA pratipakSa hai, vitarka kA styAna (Alasya, akarmaNyatA) pratipakSa hai; sukha kA auddhatya - kaukRtya (anavasthitatA, kheda) aura vicAra kA vicikitsA pratipakSa hai| isa prakAra kAma ke viveka se kAmacchanda viSkambhana aura akuzala dharmoM ke viveka se zeSa cAra nIvaraNoM kA viSkambhana hotA hai| paha lobha (akuzala-mUla) aura dUsare se dveSa-moha, pahale se tRSNA tathA tatsamprayukta avasthA, dUsare se avidyA tathA tatsamprayukta avasthA kA parityAga sUcita hotA hai| ye pA~ca nIvaraNa prathama- dhyAna ke prahANa - aGga haiN| jaba taka inakA viSkambhana nahIM hotA taba taka dhyAna kA utpAda nahIM hotaa| dhyAna ke kSaNa meM anya akuzala dharmoM kA bhI prahANa hotA hai; tathApi nIvaraNa dhyAna meM vizeSa rUpa se antarAya upasthita karate haiN| ina pA~ca nIvaraNoM kA parityAga kara prathama dhyAna vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha, aura samAdhi ina pA~ca aGgoM se samanvAgata hotA hai| Alambana ke viSaya meM yaha kalpanA ki yaha aisA hai 'vitarka' kahalAtA hai| athavA Alambana ke samIpa citta kA Anayana Alambana meM citta kA prathama praveza 'vitarka' kahalAtA hai| Alambana meM citta kI avicchinna- pravRtti 'vicAra' hai, vitarka vicAra kA pUrvagAmI hai| vitarka citta kA prathama abhinipAta hai| ghaNTe ke abhighAta se jo zabda utpanna hotA hai vaha vitarka ke samAna hai| isakA jo anurava hotA hai vaha vicAra ke samAna hai| jisa prakAra AkAza meM ur3ane kI icchA karanevAlA pakSI pakSa-vikSepaM karatA hai, isI prakAra vitarka kI prathamotpatti ke kAla meM vicAra kI vRtti zAnta hotI hai; usameM citta kA adhika parispandana nahIM hotaa| vicAra AkAza meM ur3ate hue pakSI ke pakSa prasAraNa yA kamala ke UparI bhAga para bhramara ke paribhramaNa ke samAna hai| kAya aura citta ke tarpaNa, paritoSaNa ko 'prIti' kahate haiN| prIti praNIta rUpa se kAma meM vyApta hotI hai aura isakA utkRSTa-bhAva hotA hai| 'prIti' pA~ca prakAra kI hai- 1. kSudrikA prIti, 2. kSaNikA prIti, 3. avakrAntikA prIti, 4. udvegA prIti, 5. spharaNA prIti / kSudrikA prIti zarIra

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42 visuddhimagga ko kevala romAJcita kara sakatI hai| kSaNikA prIti kSaNa kSaNa para honevAle vidyutpAta ke samAna hotI hai| jisa prakAra samudrataTa para lahareM TakarAtI haiM usI prakAra avakrAntikA prIti zarIra ko avakrAnta kara bhinna ho jAtI hai| udvegA prIti balavatI hotI hai| spharaNA prIti nizcalA aura cirasthAyinI hotI hai| yaha sakala zarIra ko vyApta karatI hai| yaha pA~ca prakAra kI prIti paripakva ho, kAya aura citta-prazrabdhi (cittazAnti) ko sampanna karatI hai| prazrabdhi paripAka ko prApta ho kAyika aura caitasika sukha ko sampanna karatI hai| sukha paripakva ho samAdhi kA paripUraNa karatA hai|sphrnnaa prIti hI arpaNA-samAdhi kA mUla hai| yaha prIti anukrama se vRddhi ko pAkara arpaNAsamAdhi se samprayukta hotI hai| yahA~ yahI prIti abhipreta hai| 'sukha' kArya aura citta kI bAdhA ko naSTa karatA hai| sukha se samprayukta dharmoM kI abhivRddhi hotI hai| . . vitarka citta ko Alambana ke samIpa le jAtA hai| vicAra se Alambana meM citta kI avicchiA pravRtti hotI hai| vitarka-vicAra se citta-samAdhAna ke liye bhAvanA-prayoga sampAdita hotA hai| prIti se citta kA tarpaNa aura sukha se citta kI vRddhi hotI hai| tadanantara ekAgratA avaziSTa sparzAdidharmoM sahita citta ko eka Alambana meM samyak aura samarUpa se pratiSThita karatI hai| pratipakSa dharmoM ke parityAga se citta kA lIna aura uddhata bhAva dUra ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra citta kA samyak aura sama AdhAna hotA hai| dhyAna ke kSaNa meM ekAgratA-vaza citta sAtizaya samAhita hotA hai| . ina pA~ca aGgoM kA jaba taka prAdurbhAva nahIM hotA taba taka prathama dhyAna kA lAbha nahIM hotaa| yaha pA~ca aGga upacAra-kSaNa meM bhI rahate haiM para arpaNA-samAdhi meM paTutara ho jAte haiM; kyoMki usa kSaNa meM yaha rUpa-dhAtu ke lakSaNa prApta karate haiN| prathama dhyAna kI trividha kalyANatA hai| isake Adi, madhya, aura anta tInoM kalyANa ke karane vAle haiN| prathama dhyAna dasa lakSaNoM se sampanna hai| dhyAna ke utpAda-kSaNa meM bhAvanA-krama ke pUrva bhAga kI (arthAt gotrabhU taka) vizuddhi hotI hai| yaha dhyAna kI Adi-kalyANatA hai| isake tIna lakSaNa haiM-nIvaraNoM ke viSkambhana se citta kI vizuddhi, citta kI vizuddhi se madhyama zamatha-nimitta kA abhyAsa aura isa abhyAsavaza ukta nimitta meM citta kA anuprvesh| sthiti-kSaNa meM upekSA kI abhivRddhi vizeSa rUpa se hotI hai| yaha dhyAna kI madhya-kalyANatA hai, yaha tInoM lakSaNoM se samanvAgata haiM-vizuddha citta kI upekSA, zamatha kI bhAvanA meM rata citta kI upekSA aura eka Alambana meM samyak samAhita cita kI upekssaa| dhyAna ke avasAna meM prIti kA lAbha hotA hai, avasAna-kSaNa meM kArya niSpanna hone se dhoM ke anativartanAdisAdhaka jJAna kI parizuddhi prakaTa hotI hai| isake cAra lakSaNa haiM-1. jAtadharma eka dUsare ko atikrAnta nahIM karate; 2. indriyoM (pAMca mAnasika zaktiyoM) kI eka eka sattA hotI hai;3. sAdhaka inakA upakAraka vIrya dhAraNa karatA hai; 4. aura vaha inakA Asevana karatA hai| jisa kSaNa meM arpaNA kA utpAda hotA hai, usI kSaNa meM antarAya upasthita karane vAle klezoM se citta vizuddha hotA hai| 'parikarma' kI vizuddhi se arpaNA kI sAtizaya vizuddhi hotI hai, jaba taka citta kA AvaraNa dUra nahIM hotA taba taka madhyama zamathanimitta kA abhyAsa nahIM ho sktaa| lIna aura uddhatabhAva ina do antoM kA parityAga karane se ise madhyama kahate haiN| virodhI poM kA vizeSa rUpa se upazama karane se zamatha aura sAdhaka ke sukhavizeSa kA kAraNa hone se yaha nivita kahalAtA hai| yaha madhyama zamathanimitta lIna aura uddhatabhAva se rahita arpaNAsamAdhi hI

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antaraGgakathA 43 hai| tadanantara gotrabhU-citta ekatvanaya se arpaNA samAdhivaza samAhita-bhAva ko prApta hotA hai, aura isa nimitta kA abhyAsa karatA hai| abhyAsavaza samAhita-bhAva kI prAti se nimitta meM citta anupraviSTa hotA hai| isa prakAra pratipadvizuddhi gotrabhU-citta meM ina tIna lakSaNoM ko niSpanna karatI hai| eka bAra vizuddha ho jAne se sAdhaka phira vizodhana kI ceSTA nahIM karatA aura isa prakAra yaha vizuddha citta ko upekSA-bhAva se dekhatA hai| zamatha ke abhyAsa-vaza zamatha bhAva ko prApta hone ke kAraNa sAdhaka samAdhAna kI ceSTA nahIM karatA aura zamatha kI bhAvanA meM rata citta kI upekSA karatA hai| zamatha ke abhyAsa aura kleza ke prahANa se citta samyak rUpa se eka Alambana meM samAhita hotA hai| sAdhaka samAhita citta kI upekSA karatA hai| isa prakAra upekSA kI vRddhi hotI hai| upekSA kI vRddhi se dhyAna-citta meM utpanna ekAgratA aura prajJA eka dUsare ko atikrAnta kiye vinA pravRtta hotI haiM, zraddhA Adi indriyA~ (mAnasika zakti) nAnA klezoM se vinirmukta ho vimukti-rasa se ekarasatA ko prApta hotI haiM, sAdhaka ina avasthAoM ke anukUla vIrya pravRtta karatA hai| sthiti kSaNa se Arambha kara dhyAna-citta kI AsevanA pravRtta hotI hai| ye saba avasthAeM isa kAraNa niSpanna hotI haiM, kyoMki jJAna dvArA isa bAta kI pratIti hotI hai ki samAdhi aura prajJA kI samarasatA na hone se bhAvanA saMkliSTa hotI hai aura inakI samarasatA se vizuddha hotI hai|| isa vizodhaka jJAna-kArya ke niSpanna hone se citta kA paritoSa hotA hai| upekSAvaza jJAna kI abhivyakti hotI hai, prajJA dvArA arpaNA prajJA kI vyApArabahulatA hotI hai| upekSAvaza nIvaraNa Adi nAnA klezoM se citta vimukta hotA hai| isa vizuddhi se aura pUrva pravRtta prajJAvaza prajJA kI bahulatA hotI hai aura zraddhA AdidharmoM kA vyApAra samAna ho jAtA hai| isa ekarasatA se bhAvanA niSpanna hotI hai| yaha jJAna kA vyApAra hai| isaliye jJAna ke vyApAra se citta-paritoSaNa kI siddhi hotI hai| prathama dhyAna ke adhigata hone para yaha dekhanA cAhiye ki kisa prakAra ke AvAsa meM rahakara kisa prakAra kA bhojana kara aura kisa IryApatha meM vihAra kara citta samAhita huA thaa| samAdhi ke naSTa hone para upayukta avasthAoM ko sampanna karane se sAdhaka bAra-bAra arpaNA kA lAbhI ho sakatA hai| isase arpaNA kA lAbhamAtra hotA hai, vaha cirasthAyinI nahIM hotii| samAdhi ke antarAyoM aura virodhI dharmoM ke samyak-prahANa se hI arpaNA kI cirasthiti hotI hai| upacAra-kSaNa meM inakA prahANa hotA hai para arpaNA kI cira sthiti ke liye atyanta prahANa kI AvazyakatA hai| kAmAdi kA doSa aura naiSkarmya ko guNa cakhakara lobha-rAga kA bhalI prakAra prahANa kiye vinA, kAya-prazrabdhi dvArA kAyaklamatha ko acchI taraha zAnta kiye vinA, vIrya dvArA Alasya aura akarmaNyatA kA acchI taraha parityAga kiye vinA, zamatha, nimitta kI bhAvanA dvArA kheda aura cita kI anavasthitatA kA unmUlana kiye binA, tathA samAdhi ke anya antarAyoM kA upazama kiye vinA jo sAdhaka dhyAna sampAdita karatA hai, usakA dhyAna zIghra hI bhinna ho jAtA hai| para jo sAdhaka samAdhi ke anatarAyoM kA atyanta prahANa kara dhyAna sampAdita karatA hai vaha dina bhara samAdhi meM rata raha sakatA hai| isaliye jo sAdhaka arpaNA kI cirasthiti cAhatA hai use antarAyoM kA atyanta prahANa karake hI dhyAna sampanna karanA caahiye| samAdhibhAvanA ke vipulabhAva ke liye labdha pratibhAga-nimitta kI vRddhi karanI caahiye| jisa prakAra bhAvanA dvArA hI nimitta kI utpatti hotI hai, usI prakAra bhAvanA dvArA usakI vRddhi bhI hotI hai|

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44 visuddhimagga isa prakAra dhyAna - bhAvanA bhI vRddhi ko prApta hotI hai| pratibhAga-nimitta kI vRddhi ke liye do bhUmiyA~ haiM- 1- 1. upacAra aura 2. arpaNA / ina do sthAnoM meM se eka meM to avazya hI isakI vRddhi karanI cAhiye / pratibhAga- nimitta kI vRddhi paricchinna rUpa se hI karanI caahiye| kyoMki vinA pariccheda ke bhAvanA kI pravRtti nahIM hotii| isakI vRddhi kramazaH cakravAlaMparyanta kI jA sakatI hai| jisa sAdhaka ne pahale dhyAna kA lAbha kiyA ho use pratibhAga-nimitta kA nirantara abhyAsa karanA cAhiye; para adhika pratyavekSA na karanI caahiye| kyoMki pratyavekSA ke Adhikya se dhyAna ke ana ativibhUta jJAta hote haiM aura praguNa-bhAva ko nahIM prApta hote| isa prakAra ve sthUla aura durbala dhyAna ke aGga uttara- dhyAna ke liye utsukatA utpanna nahIM krte| udyoga karane para bhI sAdhaka prathama dhyAna se cyuta hotA hai dUsare dhyAna kA lAbha nahIM krtaa| sAdhaka ko isaliye pA~ca prakAra se prathama dhyAna para Adhipatya prApta karanA caahiye| tabhI dvitIya dhyAna kI prApti ho sakatI hai| pA~ca prakAra ye haiM - 1. Avarjana, 2. sama, 3. adhiSThAna, 4. vyutthAna aura 5. pratyavekSaNa / deza aura kAla meM dhyAna ke pratyeka aGga ko iTa samaya ke liye zIghra yathAruci pravRtta karane kI sAmarthya AvarjanavazitA kahalAtI hai| jisakI Avarjana- vazitA siddha ho cukI hai vaha jahA~ cAhe jaba cAhe aura jitanI dera taka cAhe prathama dhyAna ke kisI aGga ko tatkAla pravRtta kara sakatA hai| AvarjanavazitA prApta karane ke liye sAdhaka ko kramazaH dhyAna ke arzoM kA Avarjana karanA caahiye| jo sAdhaka prathama dhyAna se uThakara pahale vitarka kA Avarjana karatA hai aura bhavAGga kA upaccheda karatA hai; usameM utpanna Avarjana ke bAda hI vitarka ko Alambana banAkara cAra yA pA~ca jIvana (cetanAe~) utpanna hote haiN| tadanantara do kSaNa ke liye bhavAGga meM pAta hotA hai| taba vicAra ko Alambana banAkara ukta prakAra se phira javana utpanna hote haiN| isa prakAra sAthaka ko dhyAna ke pA~coM aGgoM meM citta ko nirantara preSita karane kI zakti prApta hotI hai| aGgAvarjana ke sAtha hI dhyAnasamaGgI hone kI yogyatA eka yA dasa aGgulisphoTa (cuTakI) ke kAla taka vega ko roka kara dhyAna kI pratiSThA karane kI zakti adhiSThAnavazitA hai| dhyAnasamaGgI hokara dhyAna se uThane kI sAmarthyavyutthAna vazitA hai yaha vyutthAna bhavAGga-cisa kI utpatti hI hai| pUrva parikarmavaza isa prakAra kI zakti sampanna karanA ki, maiM itane kSaNa dhyAnasamaGgI hokara dhyAna se vyutthAna karUMgA, vyutthAnavazitA hai| vitarka Adi dhyAna ke aGgoM ke yathAkrama Avarjana ke anantara jo javana pravRtta hote haiM ve pratyevakSaNa ke javana haiN| inake pratyavekSaNa kI zakti pratyavekSaNa- vazitA hai| jo ina pA~ca prakAroM se prathama dhyAna meM abhyasta ho jAtA hai vaha paricita prathama dhyAna se uThakara yaha vicAratA hai ki prathama dhyAna sadoSa hai| kyoMki isake vitarka-vicAra sthUla haiM aura isalie isake aGga durbala aura parikSINa (= oLArika) haiN| yaha dekha kara ki dvitIya dhyAna kI vRtti zAnta hai aura usake prIti, sukha Adi zAntatara aura praNItara haiM, usa dvitIya dhyAna ke adhigama ke liye samRti-samprajanyapUrvaka vaha dhyAna ke aGgoM kI pratyavekSA karatA hai to use jJAta hotA hai ki vitarka-vicAra sthUla haiM aura prIti, sukha aura ekAgratA zAnta haiN| vaha sthUla aGgoM ke prANa tathA zAnta aGgoM ke pratilAbha ke liye usI pRthvI- nimitta kA bArambAra dhyAna karatA hai| taba bhavAGga kA upaccheda hokara citta kA Avarjana hotA hai| isase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki aba dvitIya dhyAna sampAdita hogA / usI pRthvIkasiNa meM cAra yA pA~ca javana utpanna hote haiN| kevala antima javana rUpAvacara dUsare dhyAna kA hai|

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antaraGgakathA 45 - dvitIya dhyAna ke pakSa meM vitarka aura vicAra kA anutpAda hotA hai| isaliye dvitIya dhyAna vitarka aura vicAra se rahita hai| vitarkasamprayukta sparza Adi dharma dvitIya dhyAna meM rahate haiM; para prathama dhyAna ke sparza Adi se bhinna prakAra ke hote haiN| dvitIya dhyAna ke kevala tIna aGga haiM1. prIti, 2. sukha, aura 3. ekAgratA dvitIyadhyAna 'samprasAdana' hai| arthAt zraddhAyukta hone ke kAraNa tathA vitarka-vicAra ke kSobha ke kAraNa yaha citta ko suprasanna karatA hai| samprasAda isa dhyAna kA pariSkAra hai| yaha dhyAna vitarka-vicAra se adhyArUda na hone ke kAraNa agra aura zreSTha hokara Upara uThatA hai arthAt samAdhi kI vRddhi karatA hai| isaliye ise 'ekodibhAva' kahate haiN| pahalA dhyAna vitarka-vicAra ke kAraNa kSubdha aura samAkula hotA hai| isaliye usameM yathArtha zraddhA hotI hai tathApi vaha 'samprasAdana' nahIM khlaataa| suprasanna na hone se prathama dhyAna kI samAdhi bhI acchI taraha AvirbhUta nahIM hotii| isaliye usakA ekodibhAva nahIM hotaa| kintu dUsare dhyAna meM vitarka aura vicAra ke abhAva se zraddhA avakAza pAkara balavatI hotI hai aura balavatI zraddhA kI sahAyatA se samAdhi bhI acchI taraha AvirbhUta hotI hai| dvitIya dhyAna kA bhI ukta pA~ca prakAra se abhyAsa karanA cAhiye / dvitIya dhyAna se uTha kara sAdhaka vicAra karatA hai ki dvitIya dhyAna bhI sadoSa hai; kyoMki isakI prIti sthUla hai aura isaliye isake aGga durbala haiN| isa prIti ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki isane parigraha meM prema kA parityAga nahIM kiyA aura yaha tRSNAsahagata hotI hai; kyoMki isa prIti kI pravRtti kA AkAra udvegapUrNa hotA hai| yaha dekha kara ki tRtIya dhyAna kI vRtti zAnta hai, tRtIya- dhyAna ke liye yatnazIla honA caahiye| jaba vaha dhyAna ke aGgoM kI pratyavekSA karatA hai, to use prIti sthUla aura sukha - ekAgratA zAnta jJAta hote haiN| vaha sthUla aGga ke prahANa ke liye pRthvI nimitta kA bArambAra cintana karatA hai| taba bhavAGga kA uccheda ho citta kA Avarjana hotA hai| tadanantara usI pRthvIkasiNa Alambana meM cAra yA pA~ca javana utpanna hote haiN| inameM kevala antima javana rUpAvacara tRtIya - dhyAna kA hai| tRtIya dhyAna ke kSaNa meM prIti kA anutpAda hotA hai| isa dhyAna ke do aGga haiM - 1. sukha aura 2. ekAgratA / upekSA, smRti aura samprajanya isake pariSkAra haiN| * prIti kA atikramaNa karane se aura virtaka-vicAra ke upazama se tRtIya dhyAna kA lAbhI upekSAbhAva rakhatA hai, vaha samadarzI hotA hai arthAt pakSapAtarahita ho dekhatA hai| isakI samadarzitA vizada, vipula aura sthira hotI hai| isa kAraNa tRtIya- dhyAna kA lAbhI upekSaka kahalAtA hai| upekSA dasa prakAra kI hotI hai- 1. SaDaGgopekSA, 2. brahmavihAropekSA, 3. bodhyaGgopekSA, 4. vIryopekSA, 5. saMskAropekSA, 6. vedanopekSA, 7. vipazyanopekSA, 8. tatramadhyatvApekSA, dhyAnopekSA aura 10. parizuddhapekSA / chaha indriyoM ke chaha iSTa-aniSTa viSayoM se kliSTa na honA aura apanI zuddhaprakRti ko nizcala rakhanA 'Sar3aGgopekSA' hai| saba prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva rakhanA 'brahmavihAropekSA' kahalAtI hai| Alambana meM cita kI samapravRtti se aura pragraha- nigraha - sampraharSaNa ke viSaya meM vyApAra kA abhAva hone se samprayukta dharmoM meM udAsIna vRtti ko 'bodhyaGgopekSA' kahate haiN| jo vIrya lIna aura uddhata bhAva se rahita hai use 'vIryopekSA' kahate haiN| bhAvanA kI samapravRtti ke samaya jo upekSAbhAva hotA hai, use 'vIryopekSA' kahate haiN| prathama-dhyAna Adi se nIvaraNa Adi kA prahANa hotA hai yaha nizcaya kara aura nIvaraNAdi dharmoM ke svabhAva kI parIkSA kara saMskAroM ke grahaNa meM jo upekSA

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46 visuddhimagga utpanna hotI hai vaha 'saMskAropekSA' hai| yaha upekSA samAdhivaza ATha aura vipazyanAvaza daza prakAra kI hai| jo upekSA duHkha aura sukha se rahita hai vaha 'vedanopekSA' kahalAtI hai / anityAdi lakSaNoM para vicAra karane se paJcaskandha ke viSaya meM jo upekSA utpanna hotI hai vaha 'vipazyanopekSA' hai / jo upekSA samprayukta dharmoM kI samapravRtti meM hetu hotI hai| vaha 'tatramadhyatvopekSA' hai| jo upekSA tRtIya- dhyAna ke agrasukha ke viSaya meM bhI pakSapAtarahita hai vaha 'dhyAnopekSA' kahalAtI hai| jo upekSA nIvaraNa, vitarka, vicArAdi antarAyoM se vimukta hai aura jo unake upazama ke vyApAra meM pravRtta nahIM hai vaha 'parizuddhayupekSA' kahalAtI hai / ina daza prakAra kI upekSAoM meM SaDaGgopekSA, brahmavihAropekSA, bodhyaGgopekSA, tatramadhyatvopekSA, dhyAnopekSA, aura parizuddhayupekSA arthataH eka haiM; kevala avasthAbheda se saMjJA meM bheda kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra saMskAropekSA aura vipazyanopekSA kA arthataH ekIbhAva hai| yathArtha meM donoM prajJA ke kArya haiM, kevala kArya ke bheda se saMjJA-bheda kiyA gayA hai| vipazyanA-jJAna dvArA lakSaNa-traya kA jJAna hone se saMskAroM ke anityabhAvAdi ke vicAra meM jo upekSA utpanna hotI hai. vaha vipazyanopekSA hai| lakSaNa -traya ke jJAna se tIna bhavoM ko AdIpta dekhane vAle sAdhaka ko saMskAroM ke grahaNa meM jo upekSA hotI hai, vaha saMskAropekSA hai| kintu vIryopekSA aura vedanopekSA, eka dUsare se tathA anya upekSAoM se, arthataH bhinna haiN| ina daza upekSAoM meM se yahA~ dhyAnopekSA abhipreta hai| upekSAbhAva isakA lakSaNa hai; praNIta sukha kA bhI yaha AsvAda nahIM karatI, prIti se yaha virakta hai aura vyApArarahita hai| - yaha upekSA bhAva prathama tathA dvitIya dhyAna meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| para vahA~ vitarka Adi se abhibhUta hone ke kAraNa isakA kArya avyakta rahatA hai, tRtIya dhyAna meM vitarka, vicAra aura prIti se anabhibhUta hone ke kAraNa isakA kArya parivyakta hotA hai, isaliye isI dhyAna ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka tRtIya dhyAna kA lAbha kara upekSA bhAva se vihAra karatA hai| tRtIya dhyAna kA lAbhI sadA jAgarUka rahatA hai aura isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhatA hai ki prIti se apanIta tRtIya dhyAna kA sukha prIti se phira samprayukta na ho jaay| tRtIya dhyAna kA sukha madhura hai| isase bar3hakara koI dUsarA sukha nahIM hai aura jIva svabhAva se hI sukha meM anurakta hote haiN| isI liye sAdhaka isa dhyAna meM smRti aura samprajanya dvArA sukha meM Asakta nahIM hotA aura prIti ko utpanna nahIM hone detaa| jisa prakAra khaDga kI dhAra para bahuta sa~bhala kara calanA hotA hai usI prakAra isa dhyAna meM citta kI gati kA bhalI prakAra nirUpaNa karanA par3atA hai aura sadA satarka aura jAgarUka rahanA par3atA hai| sAdhaka isa dhyAna meM caitasika sukha kA lAbha karatA hai aura dhyAna se uThakara kAyika sukha kA bhI anubhava karatA hai, kyoMki usakA zarIra ati praNIta rUpa se vyApta ho jAtA hai / jaba tIsare dhyAna kA pA~ca prakAra se acchI taraha abhyAsa ho jAtA hai, taba tRtIya dhyAna se uThakara sAdhaka vicAratA hai ki tRtIya- dhyAna sadoSa hai; kyoMki isakA sukha sthUla hai aura isaliye isake aGga durbala haiN| yaha dekhakara ki caturtha dhyAna zAnta hai use caturtha-dhyAna ke liye yatnazIla honA cAhiye / jaba smRti - samprajanyapUrvaka vaha dhyAna ke aGgoM kI pratyavekSA karatA hai to use jJAta hotA hai ki caitasika sukha sthUla haiM aura upekSA, vedanA tathA cittaikAgratA zAnta haiN| taba sthUla aGga ke prahANa tathA zAnta aGgoM ke pratilAbha ke liye vaha usI pRthvInimitta kA bAra-bAra dhyAna karatA

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47 antaraGgakathA hai| bhavAGga kA upaccheda kara citta kA Avarjana hotA hai, jisase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki aba caturtha dhyAna sampAdita hogA, usI pRthvI-kasiNa meM cAra yA pA~ca javana utpanna hote haiM, kevala antima javana rUpAvacara caturtha dhyAna kA hai| caturtha dhyAna ke do aGga haiM-1. upekSA-vedanA aura 2. ekaagrtaa| caturtha-dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM caitasika sukha kA prahANa hotA hai| kAyika duHkha kA prathama dhyAna ke upacArakSaNa meM, caitasika duHkha kA dvitIya aura kAyika sukha kA tRtIya dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM nirodha hotA hai para atizaya nirodha usa dhyAna kI arpaNA meM hI hotA hai| prathama dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM jo nirodha hotA hai vaha atyanta nirodha nahIM hai, para arpaNA meM prIti ke sphuraNa se samagra zarIra sukha se avakrAnta hotA hai| isa prakAra pratipakSI sukha dvArA duHkhendriya kA atyanta nirodha hotA hai| isI prakAra yadhapi dvitIya dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM caitasika duHkha kA prahANa hotA hai tathApi vitarka aura vicAra ke kAraNa citta kA upaghAta ho sakatA hai, para arpaNA meM vitarka aura vicAra ke abhAva se isakI koI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| isI prakAra yadyapi tRtIya dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM kAyika sukha kA nirodha hotA hai tathApi sukha ke pratyaya (hetu) prIti ke rahane se kAyika sukha kI utpatti sambhava hai| para arpaNA meM prIti ke atyanta nirodha se isakI sambhAvanA nahIM raha jaatii| isI taraha caturtha-dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM arpaNA-prAsa upekSA ke abhAva tathA bhalI prakAra se caitasika sukha kA atikrama na hone se caitasika sukha kI utpatti sambhava hai, para arpaNA meM isakI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| yaha duHkha aura sukha-rahita atisUkSma aura durvijJeya hai; sugamatA se isakA grahaNa nahIM ho sktaa| yaha na kAyika sukha hai na kAyika duHkha, na caitasika sukha hai na caitasika duHkh| yaha sukha, duHkha, saumanasya (caitasika sukha) aura daurmanasya (caitasika duHkha) kA abhAvamAtra bhI nahIM hai| yaha tIsarI vedanA hai| ise upekSA bhI kahate haiN| yahI ThapekSA citta kI vimukti (cetovimuni) hai| sukha duHkhAdi ke prahANa se isakA adhigama hotA hai| sukha Adi ke ghAta se rAga-dveSa pratyaya (hetu) sahita naSTa ho jAte haiM, arthAt unakA dUrIbhAva ho jAtA hai| caturtha dhyAna meM smRti parizuddha hotI hai| yaha parizuddhi upekSA ke dvArA hotI hai, anyathA nhiiN| kevala smRti hI parizuddha nahIM hotI, kintu saba samprayukta dharma bhI parizuddha ho jAte haiN| yadyapi pahale tIna dhyAnoM meM bhI upekSA vidyamAna hai tathApi unameM vitarka Adi virodhI dharmoM dvArA abhibhUta hone se tathA sahAyaka pratyayoM kI vikalatA se unakI apekSA aparizuddha hotI hai aura usake aparizuddha hone se sahajAta dharma, smRti Adi bhI aparizuddha hote haiN| para caturtha-dhyAna meM vitarka Adi virodhI dharmoM ke upazama se tathA upekSA-vedanA ke pratilAbha se upekSA atyanta parizuddha hotI hai aura sAtha hI sAtha smRti Adi bhI parizuddha hotI hai| dhyAna-paJcaka ke dvitIya dhyAna meM kevala vitarka nahIM hotA aura vicAra, prIti, sukha, aura ekAgratA ye cAra aGga hote haiM, tRtIya dhyAna meM vicAra kA parityAga hotA hai aura prIti, sukha aura ekAgratA yaha tIna aGga hote haiM, antima do dhyAna dhyAna-catuSka ke tRtIya aura caturtha haiN| dhyAna-catuSka ke dvitIya dhyAna ko dhyAna-paJcaka meM do dhyAnoM meM vibhakta karate haiN|| 5.zeSakasiNanirdeza .. ApokasiNa-sukhapUrvaka baiThakara jala meM nimita kA grahaNa karanA caahiye| nIla, pIta, lohita aura avadAta varSoM meM se kisI varNa kA jala grahaNa na karanA caahiye| pUrva isake

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48 visuddhimagga ki AkAza kA jala bhUmi para prApta ho, use zuddha vastra meM grahaNa kara kisI pAtra meM rakhanA caahiye| isa jala kA yA kisI dUsare zuddha jala kA vyavahAra karanA caahiye| jala se bhare pAtra ko (vidatthicaturaGgala-vartula) vihAra ke pratyanta meM kisI Dhake sthAna meM rakhanA caahiye| bhAvanA karate hue varNa aura lakSaNa kI pratyavekSA nahIM karanI caahiye| bhAvanA karate karate kramazaH pUrvokta prakAra se nimittadvaya kI utpatti hotI hai, para isakA udgrahanimitta calita pratIta hotA hai| yadi jala meM phena aura budabude uThate hoM to kasiNa-doSa prakaTa ho jAtA hai| pratibhAganimitta sthira hai| uktarItyA sAdhaka Apo-kasiNa kA Alambana kara dhyAnoM kA utpAda karatA hai| tejokasiNa-tejokasiNa kI bhAvanA karane kI icchA rakhane vAle sAdhaka ko agni meM nimitta kA grahaNa karanA caahiye| jo adhikArI hai vaha akRta agni-jaise dAvAgni-meM bhI nimitta kA utpAda kara sakatA hai, para jo adhikArI nahIM hai use sUkhI lakar3I lekara Aga jalAnI par3atI hai| caTAI, camar3e yA kapar3e ke Tukar3e meM eka bAlizta cAra aGgala kA cheda kara use apane sAmane rakha lenA cAhiye, jisameM nIce kA tRNa-kASTha aura Upara kI dhUmazikhA na dikhAyI dekara kevala madhyavartI agni kI saghana jvAlA hI dikhAyI de| isI saghana jvAlA meM nimitta kA grahaNa karanA caahiye| nIla, pIta Adi varNa tathA uSNatA Adi lakSaNa kI pratyavekSA nahIM karanI caahiye| kevala prajJaptimAtra meM citta ko pratiSThita kara bhAvanA karanI caahiye| ukta prakAra se bhAvanA karane para kramapUrvaka donoM nimitta utpanna hote haiM / udgraha-nimitta meM agnijvAlA khaNDa-khaNDa hokara giratI huI jJAta hotI hai| pratibhAganimitta nizcala hotA hai| uktarItyA sAdhaka upacAra-dhyAna kA lAbhI ho, kramapUrvaka dhyAnoM kA utpAda karatA hai| vAyokasiNa-sAdhaka ko vAyu meM nimitta kA grahaNa karanA hotA hai| dRSTi dvArA isa nimitta kA grahaNa hotA hai| ghane pattoM sahita gannA, bA~sa yA kisI dUsare vRkSa ke agrabhAga ko vAyu se saJcAlita hote dekhakara calanAkAra se nimitta kA grahaNa kara prahAraka vAyusaGghAta meM smRti kI pratiSThA karanI cAhiye yA zarIra ke kisI pradeza meM vAyu kA sparza anubhava kara saGghaTanAkAra meM nimitta kA grahaNa kara vAyusaGghAta meM smRti kI pratiSThA karanI caahiye| udgrahanimitta cala aura pratibhAga-nimitta nizcala aura sthira hotA hai| dhyAnotpAda kI praNAlI pRthvIkasiNa kI taraha hai| nIlakasiNa-jo adhikArI hai use nIla puSpa-saMstara, nIla vastra yA nIlamaNi dekhakara nimitta kA utpAda hotA hai| para jo adhikArI nahIM hai use nIle raGga ke phUla lekara unhe TokarI meM phailA denA cAhiye aura Upara taka phUla kI pattiyoM ko isa taraha bhara denA cAhiye jisameM kesara yA vRnta na dikhalAyI par3e yA TokarI ko nIle kapar3e se isa taraha bA~dhanA cAhiye jisameM vaha nIlamaNDala kI taraha jJAta ho, yA nIla varNa ke kisI dhAtu ko lekara cala-maNDala banAve yA dIvAla para usI dhAtu se kasiNamaNDala banAve aura use kisI asadRza varNa se paricchinna kara de| phira usa para bhAvanA kre| zeSa-kriyA pRthvI-kasiNa ke samAna hai| pItakasiNa-pItavarNa ke puSpa, vastra yA dhAtu meM nimitta kA grahaNa karanA par3atA hai| lohitakasiNa-raktavarNa ke puSpa, vastra yA dhAtu meM nIlakasiNa kI taraha,bhAvanA karanI hotI hai| avadAtakasiNa-avadAta puSpa, vastra yA dhAtu meM nIlakasiNa kI taraha bhAvanA karanI hotI hai| AlokakasiNa-jo adhikArI hai vaha prAkRtika Aloka-maNDala meM nimitta kA grahaNa karatA hai| sUrya yA candra kA jo Aloka khir3akI yA cheda ke mArga se praveza kara dIvAla yA

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antaraGgakathA 49 bhUmi para Aloka-maNDala banAtA hai, yA ghane vRkSa kI zAkhAoM se nikalakara jo Aloka jamIna para Aloka-maNDala banAtA hai, usameM bhAvanA dvArA sAdhaka nimitta kA utpAda karatA hai| para yaha avabhAsa-maNDala cirakAla taka nahIM rhtaa| isaliye sAdhAraNa jana isake dvArA nimitta kA utpAda karane meM asamartha bhI hote haiN| aise logoM ko ghaTa meM dIpaka jalAkara ghaTa kA mukha Dhaka denA cAhiye, aura ghaTa meM chedakara ghaTa ko dIvAra ke sAmane rakha denA caahiye| cheda se dIpa kA jo Aloka nikalatA hai vaha dIvAla para maNDala banAtA hai| udgraha-nimitta dIvAla yA bhUmi para bane AlokamaNDala kI taraha hotA hai| pratibhAganimitta bahala aura zubhra AlokapuJja kI taraha hotA hai| usI AlokamaNDala meM bhAvanA karanI caahiye| paricchannAkAza-kasiNa-jo adhikArI hai vaha kisI chidra meM nimitta kA utpAda kara letA hai| sAmAnya sAdhaka succhanna maNDala meM yA camar3e kI caTAI meM eka bAlizta cAra aGgala kA cheda banAkara usI cheda meM bhAvanA dvArA nimitta kA grahaNa karatA hai| udgraha-nimitta dIvAla ke konoM ke sAtha cheda kI taraha hotA hai| usakI vRddhi nahI hotii| pratibhAga-nimitta AkAzamaNDala kI taraha upasthita hotA hai| usakI vRddhi ho sakatI hai| ____6. azubhakarmasthAnanirdeza karmasthAnoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa Upara de diyA gayA hai| ukhumAtaka Adi ina dasa karmasthAnoM kA grahaNa sAdhaka ko AcArya ke pAsa hI karanA caahiye| . karmasthAna sabhAga hai yA visabhAga-isakI parIkSA karanI caahiye| puruSa ke liye strIzarIra visabhAga hai aura strI ke liye puruss-shriir| isa lie azubha karmasthAna amuka sthAna para -- hai-aisA jAnane para bhI usako ThIka jA~ca karake hI usa sthAna para jAnA caahiye| aise karmasthAna prAyaH zmazAna para hI milate haiM, jahAM vanya pazu bhUta-preta aura coroM kA bhaya rahatA hai| saGgha-sthavira ko kahakara jAne se yogAvacara bhikSu kI pUrNa vyavasthA kI jA sakatI hai| sAdhaka ko aise karmasthAna ke pAsa ekAkI jAnA caahiye| jisa prakAra kSatriya abhiSeka sthAna para, yA yajamAna yajJazAlA para, yA nirdhana nidhi-sthAna kI ora saumanasyacitta se jAtA hai usI prakAra sAdhaka ko upasthita smRti se, saMvRta-indriyoM se, ekAgra citta se azubha karmasthAna ke pAsa jAnA caahiye| vahIM jAkara azubha-nimitta ko sahaja bhAva se dekhanA caahiye| sAdhaka ko varNa, linna, saMsthAna, dizA, avakAza, pariccheda, sandhi, vivara Adi nimittoM ko sugrahIta karanA caahiye| usa ko azubha-dhyAna ke guNoM kA darzana karake azubha-karmasthAna ko amUlya ratna ke samAna dekhakara citta ko usa Alambana para ekAgra karanA cAhiye aura socanA cAhiye-"maiM isa pratipadA ke kAraNa jarA-maraNa se mukta houuN"| citta kI ekAgratA ke sAtha hI vaha kAmoM se vivikta hotA hai, akuzaladharmoM se vivikta hotA hai, aura vivekaja prIti ke sAtha prathamadhyAna ko prApta karatA hai| isa karmasthAna meM prakamadhyAna se Age bar3hA nahIM jAtA; kyoMki yaha Alambana durbala hone se vitarka ke vinA citta usameM sthira nahIM rhtaa| isI kAraNa, prathama dhyAna ke bAda isI Alambana ko lekara dvitIya dhyAna asambhava hai|| (svAmI dvArikAdAsazAstrI)

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khu0 - 1 khu0 - 4 : 1 khu0-4:2 aM0 - 1 aM0-2 aM0 - 3 aM0-4 abhi0 abhi0 - 1 abhi0 - 2 abhi0 - 7 : 1 abhi0 0 - 1 dhmmsnggnnitttthkthaa| (aTThasAlinI) pUnA / khu0-5 dI0 - 1 dI0 - 2 dI0 - 3 ..... pe0.... ma0 - 1 ma0 - 2 ma0-3 mi0 paJha0 vi0 - 1 vi0-2 vi0-3 vi0-4 visuddhimagge visu0 - saM0 - 1 saM0-2 saM0-3 saM0-4 sI0 udghaTaganthAnaM saMketavivaraNaM aGguttaranikAyo, paThamo bhAgo, nAlandA / aGguttaranikAyo, dutiyo bhAgo, nAlandA / aGguttaranikAyo, tatiyo bhAgo, nAlandA / aGguttaranikAyo, catuttho bhAgo, nAlandA / abhidhammapiTakaM / abhidhammapiTake dhammasaGgaNipAli, nAlandA / abhidhammapaTike vibhaGgapAli, nAlandA / abhidhammapiTake paTThAnapAli, paThamo bhAgo, nAlandA / khuddakanikAye paThamo bhAgo, khuddakapATha-dhammapada-suttanipAta - pAli / khuddakanikAye catutthabhAge paThamo khandho, mahAniddesapAli, nAlandA / khuddakanikAye catutthabhAge dutiyo khandho, cULaniddesapAli, nAlandA / khuddakanikAye paJcamo bhAgo, paTisambhidAmaggapAli, nAlandA / dIghanikAyapAli, paThamo bhAgo, sIlakkhandhavaggo, bauddha bhAratI / dIghanikAyapAli, dutiyo bhAgo, 'mahAvaggo, bauddha bhAratI / dIghanikAyapAli, tatiyo bhAgo, pAthikavaggo, bauddhabhAratI / peyyAlaM / majjhimanikAyapAli, paThamo bhAgo (mUlapaNNAsakaM ), bauddha bhAratI / majjhimanikAyapAli, dutiyoM bhAgo (majjhimapaNNAsakaM ), bauddha bhAratI / majjhimanikAyapAli, tatiyo bhAgoM (uparipaNNAsakaM ), bauddha bhAratI / milindapaJho, bauddhabhAratI, vArANasI / vinayapiTake pArAjikapAli, nAlandA / vinayapiTake pAcittiyapAli, nAlandA / vinayapiTake mahAvaggapAli, nAlandA / vinayapiTake cullavaggapAli, nAlandA / visuddhimaggo / (idameva saMkharaNaM) / saMyuttanikAyapAli, paThamo bhAgo (sagAthavaggo) nAlandA / saMyuttanikAyapAli, dutiyo bhAgo (nidAnavaggo khandhavaggo ca), naalndaa| saMyuttanikAyapAli, tatiyo bhAgo (saLAyatanavaggo) nAlandA / saMyuttanikAyapAli, catuttho bhAgo (mahAvaggo), nAlandA / sIhaLapotthake /

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piTThaGkaniddesasahito visuddhimaggaTTa visayavatthukkamo 1. sIlaniddeso nidAnAdikathA sIlasarUpAdikathA (ka) sIlasarUpaM (kha) kenadvena sIlaM (ga) sIlassa lakkhaNAdIni (gha) sIlAnisaMsaM sIlappabhedo sIkaka-dukAna sIlattikAni 3 11 11 12 13 14 15 16 21 23 25 30 34 45 catupArisuddhisampAdanavidhi kathA 52 1. pAtimokkhasaMvarasuddhi0 52 2. indriyasaMvarasuddha 53 3. AjIvapArisuddhi0 4. paccayasannissitasIla0 paThamasIlapaJcakaM 1. pariyantapArisuddhisIlaM 2. apariyantaM pArisuddhisIlaM sIla catukAni (ka) pAtimokkhasaMvarasIlaM (kha) indriyasaMvarasIlaM (ga) AjIvapArisuddhisIlaM (gha) paccayasannissitasIlaM 3-82 2. dhutaGganiddeso terasa dhutaGgAni 3. paripuNNapArisuddhisIla 4. aparAmaTThapArisuddhisIlaM 5. paTippassaddhipArisuddhisIlaM dutiyasIlapaJcakaM (pahAnasIlAdivasena ) sIlassa saGkileso sIlasya vodAnaM 83-116 83 83 87 91 92 95 96 97 99 100 103 105 107 109 110. 111 111 58 112 61 114 65 3. kammaTTAnaggahaNaniddeso 117 - 163 11-7 117 118 118 118 119 120 120 124 1 65 66 67 68 70 70 123 212 72 74 tesaM atthAdito vinicchayo 1. paMkUliGgakathA 2. tecIvarikaGgakathA 3. piNDapAtikaGgakathA 4. sapadAnacArikaGgakathA 5. ekAsanikaGgakathA 6. khalupacchAbhattikaGgakathA 7. khalupacchAbhattikaGgakathA 8. ArakiGgakathA 9. rukkhamUlikaGgakathA 10. abbhokAsikaGgakathA 11. sosAnikaGgakathA : 12. yathAsanthatikaGgakathA 13. nesajjikaGgakathA dhuGgapakiNNakakathA kulattiko dhutAdInaM vibhAgato samAsavyAsato samAdhikathA samAdhirUpaM kenadvena samAdhi ? samAdhissa lakkhaNAdIni samAdhibhedA samAdhi- ekaka - dukAni samAdhitikAni samAdhicatukAni samAdhisaGkilesavodAnaM

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225 230 164 visuddhimagga dasapalibodhakathA 125 tatiyajjhAnakathA 217 kammaTThAnadAyakakathA 135 catutthajjhAnakathA cariyAkathA 141 paJcakajjhAnakathA cariyAnidAnaM 142 5. sesakasiNaniddeso 232-242 cattAlIsakammaTThAnakathA 153 ApokasiNakathA 232 4. pathavIkasiNaniddeso 164-231 tejokasiNakathA 233 ananurUpavihAro ___- vAyokasiNakathA 234 anurUpavihAro 169 nIlakasiNakathA 235 khuddakapalibodhA 170 pItakasiNakathA . 236 bhAvanAvidhikathA 170 lohitakasiNakathA 236 sattasappAyasevanakathA 176 odAtakasiNakathA 237 dasavidhaM appanAkosalaM 177 AlokakasiNakathA 237 nimittAbhimukhapaTipAdanaM 188 paricchinnAkAsakasiNakathA paThamajhAnakathA 190 pakiNNakakathA paJcaGgAviSpahInAdInamattho 201 6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddeso243-268 tividhakalyANaM 203 uddhamAtakAdipadatthAni . 243 ciraTThitisampAdanaM 206 udghamAtakabhAvanAvidhAna 243 nimittavaDananayo 209 vinicchayakathA 253 paJcavasIkathA 211 vinIlakAdibhAvanAvidhAnaM 259 dutiyajjhAnakathA 212 pakiNNakakathA 238 239

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visuddhimagga (prathama se SaSTha pariccheda taka) [hindI rUpAntarasahita]

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taranto dRzyante bahava iha gambhIrasarasi svasArAbhyAmAbhyAM hRdi vidadhataH kautukazatam / pravizyAntarlInaM kimapi suvivecyoddharati yazciraM ruddhazvAsaH sa khalu punareteSu viralaH //

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namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammAsambuddhassa . visuddhimagge sIlaniddeso paThamo paricchedo nidAnAdikathA 1. "sIle patiTThAya naro sapaJo, cittaM palaM ca bhaavyN| . AtApI nipako bhikkhu, so imaM vijaTaye jttN"|| (saM01-14) iti hIdaM vuttaM / kasmA panetaM vuttaM? bhagavantaM kira sAvatthiyaM viharantaM rattibhAge aJjataro devaputto upasaGkamitvA attano saMsayasamugghAtatthaM "anto jaTA bahi jaTA jaTAya jaTitA pjaa| __ taM taM, gotama pucchAmi, ko imaM vijaTaye jttN"|| (saM0 1-14) ti|| imaM pahaM pucchi / 2. tassAyaM saMkSepattho-jaTA ti| taNhAya jAliniyA etaM adhivcnN| sA hi rUpAdIsu ArammaNesu heTUpariyavasena punappunaM uppajjanato saMsibbanaTena veLugumbAdInaM una bhagavAn arhat samyaksambuddha ko praNAma meM vizuddhimArga zIlanirdeza (prathama pariccheda) grantha-racanA kA kAraNa va prayojana 1. "jo buddhimAn (vivekI) puruSa zIla (sadAcAra) ko AdhAra banAkara samAdhi (=cittanirodha) / evaM prajJA (=vipazyanA) kI bhAvanA karatA huA nirantara udyogarata evaM kriyAzIla rahatA hai. svahitAhitacintana meM kuzala (=nipaka) hai evaM bhikSubhAva (pravajyA) grahaNa kara cukA hai, vahI isa jaTA (bhavatRSNAjAla) ko chinna bhinna kara sakatA hai|" (bhagavAn ne) aisA kahA hai, parantu yaha (kahA~, kisa prasaGga meM) kisa kAraNa (prayojana) kahA hai? rAtri ke madhya prahara meM kisI devaputra (devatA) ne, zrAvastI meM sAdhanAhetu virAjamAna bhagavAn buddha ke pAsa Akara, apane saMzaya (=vimati, sandeha) ke samuddhAta (nirAkaraNa) hetu yaha prazna kiyA "andara bhI jaTA (jaAla) hai, bAhara bhI jaTA hai, yoM yaha samagra prajA (prANisamUha) jaTAoM (jaAloM) se jakar3I huI hai| bho gotama! (maiM) Apase isa viSaya meM yaha pUchanA (jAnanA) jAhatA hU~ ki kauna isa jaTA ko vizRGkhalita (chinna-bhinna) karane meM samartha hai?" 6. 2: usa prazna kA saMkSipta artha yaha hai-yahA~, isa gAthA meM, jaTA zabda kA prayoga (108 bhedasamUha hone se) jAla (samUha) vAlI tRSNA' ke liye kiyA gayA hai / vaha tRSNA rUpa Adi AlambanoM meM

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visuddhimagga sAkhAjAlasaGghAtA jaTA viyA ti jttaa| sA panesA sakaparikkhAraparaparikkhAresu sakaattabhAvaparaattabhAvesu ajjhattikAyatana-bAhirAyatanesu ca upajjanato anto jaTA bahi jaTA ti vuccti| tAya eva uppajamAnAya jaTAya jaTitA pjaa| yathA nAma veLugumbajaTAdIhi veLuAdayo, evaM tAya taNhAjaTAya sabbA pi ayaM sattanikAyasaGkhAtA pajA jaTitA=vinaddhA, saMsibbitA ti attho| yasmA ca evaM jttitaa| taM taM gotama pucchAmI tI tasmA taM pucchaami| 'gotamA' ti bhagavantaM gottena aalpti| ko imaM vijaTaye jaTaM ti| imaM evaM tedhAtukaM jaTetvA ThitaM jaTaM ko vijaTeyya, vijaTetuM ko samattho? ti pucchti| 3. evampuTTho panassa sabbadhammesu appaTihatANacAro devadevo, sakkAnaM atisakko, brahmAnaM atibrahmA, catuvesArajjavisArado dasabaladharo anAvaraNANo samantacakkhu bhagavA tamatthaM vissajento "sIle patiTThAya naro sapaJjo cittaM paJcaM ca bhaavyN| AtApI nipako bhikkhu so imaM vijaTaye jttN"|| (saM01-14) ti imaM gaathmaah| imissA dAni gAthAya, kathitAya mhesinaa| vaNNayanto yathAbhUtaM, atthaM sIlAdibhedanaM // sudulabhaM labhitvAna, pabbajaM jinsaasne| nIce-Upara hotI huI bAra bAra utpanna hone se, vastra Adi ke kaI bhAgoM ko jor3ane vAlI silAI (saMsIvana) kI taraha, yA veNu-(bA~sa) samUha kI eka dUsare se lipaTI zAkhAoM ke jAla kI taraha hotI hai| ataH ise 'jAlinI' kahA gayA hai| phira isa tRSNA ke sva aura para kI AvazyakatA pUrti hetu svayaM apane yA dUsaroM ke zarIra ke liye Antarika cakSu Adi evaM bAhya rUpa Adi chaha chaha AyatanoM meM utpanna hone se anto jaTA bahi jaTA kahA gayA hai| phira usI utpanna hotI huI tRSNA ke abhiprAya se jaTAya jaTitA pajA kahA gayA hai| jaise veNugulma (bA~sa kI jhAr3iyoM) ke paraspara guMthe hone se ve veNu Adi paraspara guMthe rahate haiM, usI taraha yaha samagra prajA (sattva, prANI) usa tRSNA se sarvathA gUMtha dI gayI hai, sila dI gayI hai, jur3I huI sI dikhAyI detI hai; kyoMki yaha samagra prANisamUha usa tRSNA se jakar3A huA hai, isIliye, apane mana meM yaha abhiprAya lekara, bho gotama! maiM Apase jAnanA cAhatA hU~taM taM gotama pucchaami| yahA~ vaha devaputra bhagavAn ko unake 'gotama'-isa gotra-nAma se sambodhana kara rahA hai| ko imaM vijaTaye jttN| 'tInoM (1. kAma, 2. rUpa evaM 3. arUpa) dhAtuoM (kAyoM) ko jakar3e huI isa tRSNA ko kauna chinna-bhinna kare? use vizRGkhalita karane meM kauna samartha ho?-vaha devaputra bhagavAn se yaha jijJAsA kara rahA hai| 3. devaputra dvArA yoM jijJAsA prakaTa kiye jAne para, samagra dharmoM meM apratihata (nirbAdha) jJAna kA Azraya lene vAle, zreSTha indra (devarAja), sarvottama brahmA, cAra vaizAradyoM kI sAdhanA meM nipuNa, daza baloM ke dhAraka, anAvRta jJAna (anAvaraNajJAna evaM sarvajJatAjJAna) se sampanna, cAroM ora sAvadhAna dRSTi rakhane vAle bhagavAn buddha ne usa (devaputra) kI jijJAsA zAnta karane ke liye- . 'sIle patiTThAya.......so imaM vijaTaye jaTaM' yaha gAthA kahI hai| 4. aba maiM (buddhaghoSa) maharSi (bhagavAn buddha) dvArA kahI gayI isa gAthA (padya) kA vistRta vyAkhyAna karate hue (isa gAthA meM Aye) 'zIla' Adi zabdoM kA vizeSa evaM vAstavika (=yathAbhUta, satya) artha btlaauuNgaa|| .

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1. sIlaniddesa sIlAdisaGgahaM khemaM, ujuM maggaM visuddhiyA // yathAbhUtaM ajAnantA, suddhikAmA pi ye idha / visuddhiM nAdhigacchanti, vAyamantA pi yogino // tesaM pAmojjakaraNaM, suvisuddhavinicchayaM / desanAnayanissitaM // mahAvihAravAsInaM, visuddhimaggaM bhAsissaM, taM me sakkacca bhAsato / visuddhikAmA sabbe pi, nisAmayatha sAdhavo ti // 5 5. tattha visuddhI ti sabbamalavirahitaM accantaparisuddhaM nibbAnaM veditabbaM / tassA visuddhiyA maggo ti visuddhimaggo / maggo ti adhigamUpAyo vuccati / taM visuddhimaggaM bhAsissAmI ti attho / 6. so panAyaM visuddhimaggo katthaci vipassanAmattavaseneva desito| yathAha"sabbe saGghArA aniccA ti, yadA paJJAya passati / atha nibbandati dukkhe, esa maggo visuddhiyA ||" ( khu01-43 ) ti // katthaci jhAnpaJJavasena / yathAha " yamhi jhAnaM ca paJJa ca, sa ve nibbAnasantike " ( khu01-52) ti / (kyoMki) bhagavAn buddha ( = jina ) dvArA anuziSTa (upadiSTa) dharma meM sAdhAraNa mAnavoM ke liye atyanta durlabha pravrajyA (= bhikSubhAva) grahaNa karake bhI kalyANakArI (kSemaGkara) zIla Adi (1 zIla, 2 . samAdhi evaM 3. prajJA- isa skandhatraya) kA svacitta meM saMgraha (dhAraNa) karanA hI citta ko vizuddha. nirvikAra, nirmala yA nirvANa evaM arhattva prApta karane ke liye sarala (Rju) mArga (upAya) hai| yahA~ loka meM yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki samagra sAMsArika klezoM va ukta tRSNAjAla se vimuktihetu cittavizuddhi cAhane vAlA koI koI yogAvacara bhikSu, prayAsa karane para bhI, ukta zIla Adi ke viSaya meM yathAtatha (vAstavika) jJAna na hone ke kAraNa, svacittavizuddhi, jo ki nirvANaprApti kA pramukha sAdhana hai, nahIM kara pAte / / una vaise yogAvacara bhikSuoM ke pramoda (abhISTa vastu kI prApti se hone vAle harSa) ke liye maiM cittavizuddhi ke upAyabhUta evaM (zrIlaGkAsthita) mahAvihAra meM sAdhanArata sthavira bhikSuoM dvArA upadiSTa vidhi se kathita yaha 'visuddhimagga' (grantha) khuuNgaa| mere dvArA kathita isa grantha ko ve sabhI yogamArgArUr3ha sAdhu (bhikSu) jana zraddhA evaM sammAna pUrvaka suneM / / visuddhimArga kA artha 5 yahA~, isa visuddhimagga' grantha ke nAma meM visuddhi zabda sabhI prakAra ke maloM (cittavikAroM) se rahita ataeva atyanta parizuddha nirvANa ke artha meM jAnanA cAhiye / usa vizuddhi kA mArga prApti kA upAya hI isa grantha meM varNita hai, ataH ise bhI vizuddhimArga (visuddhimagga) kahA gayA hai| maiM usa 'visuddhimagga' ko nirUpaNa (racanA) karU~gA - yaha isa gAthA kA saMkSipta artha huaa| 6. vaha yaha visuddhimagga (zabda) buddhavacanoM meM (ka) kahIM kevala 'vipazyanA' (prajJA) mAtra artha meM prayukta huA hai; jaise ''sabhI saMskAra anitya haiM--yaha bAta jaba prajJA dvArA (bhikSu) samajha letA hai, taba use duHkha (duHkhabhUta saMskAroM) meM nirveda (glAni, vairAgya) hone lagatA hai-yahI citta-vizuddhi kA upAya hai|" (kha) kahIM yaha zabda 'dhyAna' va 'prajJA' donoM arthoM meM kahA gayA hai: jaise -

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visuddhimagga katthaci kammAdivasena / yathAha "kammaM vijjA ca dhammo ca, sIlaM jIvitamuttamaM / etena maccA sujjhanti, na gottena dhanena vA" (ma0 ni0 3 - 350 ) ti // katthaci sIlAdivasena / yathAha "sabbadA sIlasampanno, paJJavA susamAhito / Araddhaviriyo pahitatto, oghaM tarati duttaraM " (saM0 ni0 1-51 ) ti // katthaci satipaTThAnAdivasena / yathAha " ekAyano ayaM, bhikkhave, maggo sattAnaM visuddhiyAM pe0 nibbAnassa sacchikiriyAya, yadidaM cattAro satipaTThAnA" ( dI0 ni0 2-217) ti / I sammappadhAnAdIsu pi eseva nyo| imasmi pana paJhAvyAkaraNe sIlAdivasena desito / 7. tatrAyaM saGkSepavaNNanA- sIle patiTThAyA ti sIle ThatvA / paripUrayamAnoyeva cettha sIle Thito ti vuccati, tasmA sIlaparipUraNena sIle patiTThahitvA ti ayametthaM attho / naro ti satto / sapaJjati / kammajatihetukapaTisandhipaJJAya paJJavA / cittaM paJJa ca bhAvayaM ti / samAdhiM ceva vipassanaM ca bhAvayamAno / cittasIsena hetthaM samAdhi niddiTTho, paJJAnAmena ca vipassanA ti | AtApI ti / viriyavA / viriyaM hi kilesAnaM AtApanaparitApanadvena AtApo ti vuccati, tadassa atthI ti AtApI / nipako ti nepakkaM vuccati paJJA, tAya samannAgato ti attho / iminA padena pArihArikapa dasseti / "jo pudgala pAdaka dhyAna karake prajJA (vipazyanA ) meM autsukya lAtA hai, vaha nirvANa ke (atyanta ) nikaTa pahu~ca jAtA hai / / " (ga) kahIM kahIM yaha (visuddhimagga) zabda karma Adi ke liye bhI prayukta huA hai; jaise"karma, vidyA, dharma, zIla evaM uttama AjIvikA-ina kI zuddhi para hI mAnava ke citta kI zuddhi nirbhara hai: adhika dhana yA ucca gotra para nahIM / " (gha) kahIM kahIM zIla Adi dvArA isa vizuddhi kA mArga abhipreta hai| jaise 'sarvadA zIla se yukta, prajJAvAn, ekAgracitta, utsAhI evaM saMyamI puruSa hI ogha (bAr3ha, pravAha) ko pAra kara pAtA hai / " hai / (Ga) kahIM smRtiprasthAna Adi ko hI vizuddhi kA mArga batAyA gayA hai; jaise " bhikSuo! prANiyoM kI cittavizuddhi kA ekamAtra yahI mArga hai.... nirvANa - sAkSAtkAra hetu yahI ekamAtra mArga hai ki koI ina cAroM smRtiprasthAnoM kI bhAvanA kre|" (ca) isI prakAra kahIM kahIM 'samyakprayatna' Adi ke liye bhI yaha zabda prayukta huA hai| parantu yahA~ isa prakaraNa-grantha meM zIla Adi dvArA hI vizuddhi ke mArga kI dezanA kI gayI gAthA ke zabdoM kA artha- 7. ukta 'sIle patidvAya' gAthA meM Aye zabdoM kA saMkSipta (nAtivistRta) varNana (vyAkhyAna) isa prakAra hai- sIle patidvAya zIla (sadAcAra) meM sthita hokara / zIla kA samyakprakAra se pAlana karane vAlA yogAvacara hI yahA~ 'zIla meM sthita' kahA gayA hai| isaliye yahA~ 'zIla kI paripUrNatA dvArA zIla meM pratiSThita hokara' - yaha artha huA / naro kA artha haisattva (praannii)| sapaJJa kA artha hai - karmaja (prArabdha karmAnubhAva se prApta) evaM trihetuka (alobha, adveSa, amohayukta pratisandhi (mAtRgarbha) kI prajJA se sampanna / cittaM paJJa ca bhAvayaM kA artha hai samAdhi (citta)

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1. sIlanidesa imasmi hi pahAbyAkaraNe tikkhattuM paJjA aagtaa| tattha paThamA jAtipaJA, dutiyA vipassanApaJjA, tatiyAM sabbakiccapariNAyikA paarihaarikpaa| saMsAre bhayaM ikkhatI ti bhikkhu|so imaM vijaTaye jaTaM ti| so iminA ca sIlena, iminA ca cittasIsena niddiTusamAdhinA, imAya ca tividhAya pAya, iminA ca AtApenA ti chahi dhammehi samannAgato bhikkhu / seyyathApi nAma puriso pathaviyaM patiTThAya sunisitaM satthaM ukkhipitvA mahantaM veLugumbaM vijaTeyya; evameva sIla pathaviyaM patiTThAya samAdhisilAyaM sunisitaM vipassanApaJjAsatthaM viriyabalapaggahitena pArihArikapaJAhatthena ukkhipitvA sabbaM pitaM attano santAne patitaM taNhAjaTaM vijaTeyya-saJchindeyya, sampadAleyya / maggakkhaNe panesa taM jaTaM vijaTeti nAma / phalakkhaNe vijaTitajaTo sadevakassa lokassa aggadakkhiNeyyo hoti| - tenAha bhagavA "sIle patiTThAya naro sapo , cittaM palaM ca bhaavyN| AtApI nipako bhikkhu, so imaM vijaTaye jttN"|| ti| evaM prajJA (vipazyanA) kI bhAvanA (sAdhanA) karatA huaa| AtApI vIryavAn / vIrya-klezoM ko tapAnA, jhulasAnA, arthAt AtApa / vaha AtApa jisako bhI ho vaha huA aataapii| nipako 'nepakka' kahate haiM prajJA ko| yahA~ isa 'nepakka' pada se pArihArika prajJA kA (aisI prajJA jisake dvArA sva-parahitAhitacintana meM kauzala prApta kiyA jA sake) grahaNa hai| usa nepakka se sampanna yogAvacara ko 'nipaka' kahate isa gAthA meM prajJA' zabda tIna bAra AyA hai| buddhasammata trividha prajJAoM meM se karmaja evaM trihetuka pratisandhija prajJA kA grahaNa pIche 'sapaJo' pada se kiyA jA cukA, isa 'nipaka' zabda se pArihArika (karmasthAna ko paripUrNa karane meM lagI) prajJA kA grahaNa hai| isa bAta ko aura adhika spaSTatayA samajhane ke liye yahA~ vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya bAta yaha hai ki isa prazna kI vyAkaraNa(vyAkhyAna)bhUta gAthA meM 'prajJA' zabda kA prayoga tIna bAra huA hai, unameM pahalI karmaja prajJA 'jAti prajJA' (prArabdhavaza janmajAta) kahalAtI hai, dUsarI 'vipazyanA-prajJA' kahalAtI hai, (ise pIche 'trihetukapratisandhi prajJA' bhI kahA gayA hai) aura tIsarI 'pArihArika (uThane, baiThane Adi saba karmoM ko sambhava banAne vAlI) prajJA' kahalAtI hai| saMsAra meM bhaya dekhane vAle ko bhikkhu kahate haiN| so imaM vijaTaye jttN| vaha (bhikSu) isa uparyukta 1. zIla, 2. citta dvArA nirdiSTa samAdhi evaM uparyukta trividha 3-4-5 prajJAoM evaM 6. vIrya (udyoga)-ina chaha dharmoM se yukta hokara-jisa prakAra koI puruSa pRthvI para khar3A hokara teja dhAra vAlA (nizita, tIkSNa) zastra hAtha meM lekara bAMsoM ke vizAla jhuramuTa (=veNugulma, ba~savArI) ko kATa DAle; usI prakAra bhikSu zIlarUpI pRthvI para khar3A ho, samAdhirUpI zilA (patthara) para ghisakara tIkhe kiye gaye vipazyanA evaM prajJA zastra ko vIrya rUpI bala se pakar3e hue, pArihArika prajJA rUpI hAtha se uThAkara apanI manaHsantati ke pravAha meM vidyamAna samagra tRSNAjAla ko vizRGkhalita, chinna bhinna (Tukar3eTukar3e) evaM naSTa kara de| vaha bhikSu mArga-kSaNa meM isa jaTA ko kATatA hai aura phala-kSaNa meM, ukta tRSNAjAla se mukta hone ke kAraNa, devalokasahita samagra lokoM meM sarvaprathama lAbha satkAra zloka (yaza) evaM dAna pAne yogya ho jAtA hai| isI abhiprAya se bhagavAna ne kahA hai- 'sIle patidvAya...vijaTaye jttN'|

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visuddhimagga 8. tatrAyaM yAya paJAya sapaJo ti vutto, tatrAssa karaNIyaM ntthi| purimakammAnubhAveneva hissa sA siddhaa|aataapii nipako ti| etthaM vuttaviriyavasena pana tena sAtaccakArinA pAvasena ca sampajAnakArinA hutvA sIle patiTThAya cittapaJAvasena vuttA samathavipassanA bhAvetabbA ti imamatra bhagavA sIlasamAdhipAmukhena visuddhimaggaM dsseti|| 9. ettAvatA hi tisso sikkhA, tividhakalyANaM sAsanaM, tevijjatAdInaM upanissayo, antadvayavajjanamajjhimapaTipattisevanAni,apAyAdisamatikkamanupAyo, tIhAkArehi kilesappahAnaM, vItikamAdInaM paTipakkho, saGkilesattayavisodhanaM, sotApannAdibhAvassa ca kAraNaM pakAsitaM hoti| 10. kathaM? etthaM hi sIlena adhisIlasikkhA pakAsitA hoti, samAdhinA adhicittasikkhA, paJAya adhipjnyaasikkhaa| sIlena ca sAsanassa AdikalyANatA pakAsitA hoti| "ko cAdi kusalAnaM dhammAnaM sIlaM ca suvisuddha" (saM04-123) ti hi vacanato, "sabbapApassa akaraNaM" (khu01-35) ti Adivacanato ca sIlaM sAsanassa Adi, taM ca kalyANaM, avippttisaaraadigunnaavhttaa| samAdhinA majjhekalyANatA pakAsitA hoti| "kusalassa upasampadA" (khu01 8. yahA~ isa gAthA meM jisa prajJA dvArA yogAvacara ko 'sapaJo' kahA hai, vahA~ yogAvacara bhikSu ko, ukta prajJA-prAtinimita koI pRthak prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA; kyoMki vaha karmaja prajJA to use pUrvakRta kamoM ke prabhAva se janmataH hI prApta rahatI hai| (jise hama lokavyavahAra meM 'pratibhA' kahate haiN|) AtApI nipko|(in zabdoM kA bhAva yaha hai ki) isa gAthA meM ukta AtApa aura vIrya ke bala se satata parizramI bane rahakara prajJA ke bala se nirantara sAvadhAna (samprajJAnayakta) bane rahakara.zIla meM pratiSThita ho, 'citta' evaM 'prajJA' ke nAma se varNita zamatha evaM vipazyanA kI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| yoM, yahA~ isa gAthA meM bhagavAn ne zIla-samAdhi-prajJA ke mAdhyama se hI vizuddhimArga-prApti kA saMketa kiyA hai|| 9. itane vyAkhyAna se-1.tIna zikSA (zIla-samAdhi-prajJA), 2.trividha kalyANakara dharma (buddha-zAsana), 3. traividya Adi kA pramukha kAraNa (=upanizraya), 4. donoM antoM (kinAroM, koTiyoM) kA tyAga evaM madhyamA pratipadA (mArga) kA anupAlana, 5. apAya Adi ke atikramaNa ko rokane kA upAya,6.tIna prakAra se klezoM kA prahANa,7.zikSApadoM ke ulAna Adi kA pratipakSa (virodha),8. tIna saMklezoM kA vizodhana evaM 9. srotaApana Adi (mArga-phala) kI prApti kA sAdhana prakAzita hotA hai| 10. vaha kaise? tIna zikSAe~- yahA~ 'zIla' zabda se zIla para AdhRta (adhizIla) zikSA, 'samAdhi' zabda se citta para AdhRta (adhicitta) zikSA, evaM 'prajJA zabda se prajJA para AdhRta (adhiprajJa) zikSA kA tAtparya samajhanA caahiye| trividha yuddhAnuzAsana-'zIla' se buddhazAsana kI AdikalyANatA (kuzala dharmA kA prArambha meM kalyANakara honA) pradarzita hotI hai| "kuzala dharmA kA Arambha kyA hai? suvizuddha zIla hI inakA Arambha hai", "sabhI pApoM kA na karanA" Adi vacanoM se zIla buddhazAsana kA 'Adi hai aura vaha bhI svakRta karmoM kA smaraNa kara unake prati pazcAttApa na honA Adi guNoM kA utpAdaka hone se 'kalyANakara' hai| . 'samAdhi' se isa zAsana kI 'madhyekalyANatA' (madhya meM kalyANakaratA) ghotita hotI hai|

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1. sIlaniddesa 9 35) ti Adivacanato hi samAdhi sAsanassa majjhe, so ca kalyANo, iddhividhAdiguNAvahattA / paJJAya sAsanassa pariyosAnakalyANatA pakAsitA hoti / " sacittapariyodapanaM, etaM buddhAna sAsanaM" (khu0 1-35) ti hi vacanato, paJjattarato ca paJJA sAsanassa pariyosAnaM, sA ca kalyANaM, iTThAniTThesu tAdibhAvAvahanato / "selo yathA ekaghano vAtena na samIrati / " evaM nindApasaMsAsu, na samiJjanti paNDitA ||(khu01-25 ) ti hi vuttaM / 11. tathA sIlena tevijjatAya upanissayo pakAsito hoti / sIlasampattiM hi nissAya tisso vijjA pApuNAti, na tato paraM / samAdhinA chaLabhiJJatAya upanissayo pakAsito hoti / samAdhisampadaM hi nissAya cha abhijJA pApuNAti, na tato paraM / paJJAya paTisambhidApabhedassa upanissayo pakAsito hoti / paJJasampattiM hi nissAya catasso paTisambhidA pApuNAti, na aJJena kAraNena / sIlena ca kAmasukhallikAnuyogasaGghAtassa antassa vajjanaM pakAsitaM hoti / samAdhinA attakilamathAnuyogasaGghAtasya / paJJAya majjhimAya paTipattiyA sevanaM pakAsitaM hoti / - 12. tathA sIlena apAyasamatikkamanupAyo pakAsito hoti, samAdhinA kAmadhAtusamatikkamanupAyo, paJJAya sabbabhavasamatikkamanupAyo / "kuzala puNyaprada karmoM kA saJcaya karanA" Adi buddhavacanoM ke pramANa ke bala para 'samAdhi' kI isa * dharma (buddhazAsana) meM madhyekalyANatA siddha hotI hai| vaha Rddhividha ( dra0 isI grantha kA 12 vA~ pariccheda) Adi guNoM kI utpAdaka hone ke kAraNa kalyANakara bhI hai| isI taraha. 'prajJA' se zAsana kI paryavasAnakalyANatA (anta meM kalyANakaratA) siddha hotI hai| "citta ko vaza meM karanA-yahI buddhoM kI dezanA hai" - ityAdi vacanoM se aura kyoMki prajJA kI bhAvanA hI isa buddhazAsana kI carama sImA hai - isaliye bhI, aura isa prajJA se iSTa aniSTa ke prati samatva bhAva utpanna hone se bhI yaha prajJA kalyANakArI hai| " jaise zaila (prastarasamUha yA parvata) vAyu se hilAyA DulAyA nahIM jA sakatA, vaise hI buddhimAn paNDitajana bhI loka meM ho rahI apanI nindA - prazaMsA ke kAraNa vicalita nahIM hote" - ( dha0 pa0 1 - 25 ) aisA kahA gayA hai| upanizraya- - 11 (ka) aura zIla ko tInoM vidyAoM kA upanizraya (balavAn yA pradhAna kAraNa batAyA gayA hai / (bhikSu) zIla-sampatti kA sahArA lekara tInoM vidyAe~ prApta kara sakatA hai, isase Age nahIM / (kha) samAdhi ko chaha abhijJAoM kI prApti kA upanizraya (pradhAna kAraNa) batalAyA gayA hai / bhikSu samAdhi sampatti kA sahArA lekara chaha abhijJAe~ pA sakatA hai, isase Age nahIM / (ga). aura prajJA ko cAroM pratisaMvidAoM kA pradhAna (= upanizraya) batAyA gayA hai| (bhikSu prajJA - sampatti kA Azraya lekara hI cAra pratisaMvedanAe~ pA sakatA hai, anya kisI hetu (kAraNa) ke Alambana se nahIM / antadvayavarjana- 'zIla' se kAmasukhoM meM Ananda lene kI pravRtti (kAmasukhallikAnuyoga ) kI tarapha vAle pahale anta (koTi) kA parivarjana (pratiniSedha) yA tyAga dayojita kiyA gayA hai aura 'samAdhi' se svayaM ko pIr3ita karate rahane kI pravRtti (attakilamathAnuyoga AtmaklamathAnuyoga ) kI tarapha vAle dUsare anta kA / 'prajJA' se madhyamA pratipadA (buddhAnumodita madhyama mArga) kA grahaNa pradarzita kiyA hai| apAya-tyAgopAya - 12 tathA zIla dvArA apAya (hIna yoni = 1, naraka, 2. pretya viSaya, 5

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10 visuddhimagna sIlena ca tadaGgappahAnavasena kilesappahAnaM pakAsitaM hoti, samAdhinA vikkhambhanappahAnavasena, pAya smucchedpphaanvsen| 13. tathA sIlana kilesAnaM vItikamapaTipakkho pakAsito hoti, samAdhinA pariyuTThAna-paTipakkho, pAya anusypttipkkho| / ___ sIlena ca duccaritasaGkilesavisodhanaM prakAsitaM hoti, samAdhinA taNDAsaGkilesavisodhanaM, pAya ditttthisngkilesvisodhnN| . . . - 14. tathA sIlena sotApanasakadAgAmibhAvassa kAraNaM pakAsitaM hoti, samAdhinA anAgAmibhAvassa, pajJAya arhttss| sotApanno hi "sIlesu paripUrakArI" (aM0 ni0 1-214) ti vutto| tathA skdaagaamii| anAgAmI pana "samAdhismiM paripUrakArI" (aM0 ni01-214) ti| arahA pana "paJjAya paripUrakArI" (aM0ni01-215) ti| . - 15. evaM ettAvatA tisso sikkhA, vividhakalyANaMsAsanaM, tevijjatAdInaM upanissayo, antadvayavajanamajjhimapaTipattisevanAni, apAyAdisamatikamanupAyo, tIhAkAre hi kilesappahAnaM, vItikamAdInaM paTipakkho, saGkilesattayavisodhanaM, sotApannAdibhAvassa ca kAraNaM ti ime nava, aje ca evarUpA guNattikA pakAsitA hontI ti|| 3.tiryagyoni. 4. asurakAya) meM janma lene se chuTakArA pA lene kA upAya kahA gayA hai| samAdhi dvArA kAmadhAtu ke samatikramaNa kA evaM prajJA dvArA sabhI bhavoM (kAmabhava, rUpabhava, arUpabhava) ko atikrAnta kara (lA~gha) jAne kA upAya batAyA gayA hai| klezaprahANa-zIla se tadaGga (kuzala se akuzala) ke prahANa ke sahAre, kleza-prehANa pradarzita kiyA gayA hai; 'samAdhi se viSkambhana-prahANa (nIvaraNa Adi kA damana karate hue unakA zanaiH zanaiH prahANa) evaM prajJA se samuccheda-prahANa (cAra AryamArgoM kI bhAvanA se klezoM kA sarvathA kSaya evaM punaranutpAda) pradarzita kiyA hai| klezaprahANa- 13. vaise hI 'zIla' se klezoM kA vyatikramarUpa kleza-pratipakSa kahA gayA hai| 'samAdhi' se punaH punaH uTha khar3e hone (paryutthAna) vAle klezoM kA pratipakSa evaM 'prajJA' dvArA sAta anazayoM (1. kAmarAga. 2. pratigha. 3. mithyAdaSTi, 4. vicikitsA, 5. mAna, 6. bhavarAga evaM 7. avidyA) kA pratipakSa batAyA gayA hai| klezavizodhana- evaM 'zIla' se duzcaritarUpa saMkleza kA prahANa, (duzcaritasaMkleza kA vizodhana), 'samAdhi' se tRSNArUpa saMkleza kA vizodhana (prahANa) evaM 'prajJA' se dRSTirUpa saMkleza kA prahANa dyotita hotA hai| cAra AryamArga- 14. 'zIla se cAra AryamArgoM meM se srotaApannatva evaM sakRdAgAmitva kA tathA 'samAdhi' se anAgAmitva kA evaM 'prajJA' se arhattva kA kAraNa dyotita kiyA gayA hai| pAli meMsrotaApanna pudgala zIloM meM paripUrNatA prApta karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| vaise hI sakRdAgAmI bhI kahA gayA hai; parantu anAgAmI samAdhi meM paripUrNatA karane vAlA evaM arhat prajJA meM paripUrNatA karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| 15. isa taraha, itane prakaraNa se-1.tIna zikSAe~, 2.trividha (Adi-madhya-anta) kalyANakara zAsana, 3.vidaya kA upanizraya, 4. antadvayarjanapUrvaka madhyama mArga kA anupAlana, 5. durgativinipAta Adi apAya ke samatikramaNa kA upAya, 6.trividha klezoM kA prahANa,7.vyatikrama Adi kA pratipakSa,

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1. sIlaniddesa sIlasarUpAdikathA 11 16. evaM anekaguNasaGgAhakena sIla-samAdhi-paJJAmukhena desito pi panesa visuddhi-maggo atisaGkSepadesito yeva hoti / tasmA nAlaM sabbesaM upakArAyA ti vitthAramassa dassetuM sIlaM tAva Arabbha idaM paJhAkammaM hoti kiM sIlaM ? kenaThThena sIlaM ? kAnassa lakkhaNarasapaccupaThThAnapadaTThAnAni ? kimAnisaMsaM sIlaM ? katividhaM cetaM sIlaM ? ko cassa saGkileso ? kiM vodAnaM ti ? 17. tatridaM vissajjanaM cetanA / (1) sIlasarUpaM kiM sIlaM ti ? pANAtipAtAdIhi vA viramantassa vattapaTipattiM vA pUrentassa cetanAdamo dhmmaa| vRttaM taM paTisambhidAyaM - " kiM sIlaM ti ? cetanA sIlaM, cetasikaM sIlaM, saMvaro sIlaM, avItikkamo sIlaM " ( khu05-49 ) ti / tattha cetanAsIlaM nAmaM pANAtipAtAdIhi vA viramantassa vattapaTipattiM vA pUrentassa cetasikaM sIlaM pANAtipAtAdIhi viramantassa virati / api ca cetanA sIlaM nAma pANAtipAtAdIni pajahantassa satta kammapathacetana / 8. tIna saMklezoM kA vizodhana, 9 srota Apannatva Adi avasthAoM kA kAraNa-ye nau (9) athavA aise hI anya tIna viveka, tIna kuzalamUla tIna vimokSasukha, tIna indriyA~ Adi guNatrika dyotita hote haiN|| zIla ke svarUpa Adi kA varNana 16. isa prakAra yaha cizuddhimArga aneka guNoM se yukta zIla, samAdhi evaM prajJA ke rUpa meM upadiSTa hone para bhI - atisaMkSepa meM hI upadiSTa huA; ataH 'saba (sAdhakoM) kA upakAra karane ke liye paryApta nahIM hai'-aisA vicAra kara isakA vistRta varNana karane ke liye sarvaprathama zIla ko hI lekara ye prazna upasthita hote haiM (1) yaha zIla kyA hai ? (2) yaha kisa artha meM zIla hai ? (3) isake lakSaNa, rasa (kRtya).. jAnane kA AkAra (pratyupasthAna) evaM Asannatama kAraNa (padasthAna) kyA hai? (4) isa zIla ke guNa (=AnRzaMsya, mAhAtmya) kyA haiM? (5) yaha zIla kitane prakAra kA hai? (6) isakA saMkleza (mala, vikAra) kyA hai? (7) aura isakI vizuddhi (= vyavadAna) kyA hai? 17. isa (praznasamUha) kA kramazaH uttara yaha hai (1) yaha zIla kyA hai ? - jIvahiMsA Adi se virata rahane vAle yA upAdhyAya Adi kI sevA-zuzrUSA (vrata- pratipatti) karane vAle ke cetanA Adi dharma 'zIla' kahalAte haiN| yahI bAta paTisambhidAmagga meM bhI kahI gayI hai- "zIla kyA hai? cetanA zIla hai, caitasika zIla hai, saMvara zIla hai, avyatikrama (anulacana) zIla hai| " (ka) vahA~ prANAtipAta Adi se virata rahane vAle yA vrata - pratipatti (karttavya) pUrNa karane vAle kI cetanA hI 'cetanAzIla' (cetanA ke rUpa meM zIla) hai| (kha) pudgala kI una una prANAtipAta Adi akuzala dharmoM se virati 'caitasika zIla' (caitasika ke rUpa meM zIla) kahalAtI hai| sAtha hI prANAtipAta Adi se virata rahane kA vicAra karane vAle pudgala kI sAta kuzala

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visuddhimagga cetasikaM sIlaM nAma "abhijjhaM pahAya vigatAbhijjhena cetasA virahatI" (dI0 ni0 136) ti AdinI nayena vuttA anbhijjhaabyaapaadsmmaaditttthidhmmaa| saMvaro sIlaM ti etthaM paJcavidhena saMvaro veditabbo-1. pAtimokkhasaMvaro, 2. satisaMvaro, 3. bANasaMvaro, 4. khantisaMvaro, 5. vIriyasaMvaro ti| tattha "iminA pAtimokkhasaMvarena upeto hoti samupeto" (abhi0 2-261) ti ayaM paatimokkhsNvro|"rkkhti cakkhundriyaM, cakkhundriye saMvaraM ApajatI" ti (dI0 1-62) ayaM stisNvro| 'yAni sotAni lokasmi (ajitA ti bhagavA), sati taisaM nivaarnnN|| sotAnaM saMvaraM brUmi, paJjAyete pidhiyyre'|| (khu0 1-424) ti| ayaM aannsNvro| paccayapaTisevanaM pi ettheva samodhAnaM gacchati / yo panAyaM "khamo hoti sItassa uNhassA" ti (ma0ni01-15) AdinA nayena Agato, ayaM khantisaMvaro naam|"yo cAyaM uppannaM kAmavitakaM nAdhivAsetI" (ma0ni01-16) ti AdinA nayena Agato, ayaM viriyasaMvaro nAma / AjIvapArisuddhi pi ettheva samodhAnaM gcchti| iti ayaM paJcavidho pi saMvaro, yA ca pApabhIrukAnaM kulaputtAnaM sampattavatthuto virati, sabbaM petaM saMvarasIlaM ti veditbbN| avItikkamo sIlaM ti samAdinasIlassa kAyikavAcasiko antikmmo| idaM tAva "kiM sIlaM"ti paJhassa vissajjanaM // (2)kenaTena sIlaM 18. avasesesu kenaTena sIlaM ti? sIlanaThUna siilN| kimidaM sIlanaM nAma? karmapathoM kI cetanA, unake karane kA vicAra bhI 'cetanAzIla' hai| "lobha (abhidhyA) ko tyAga kara lobharahita citta se sAdhanA karatA hai" Adi prakAra se kathita lobharAhitya (anabhidhyA), ahiMsA (avyApAda) evaM samyagdRSTi Adi dharma 'caitasika zIla' kahalAte haiN| (ga) saMvarazIla- saMvara (saMyama) pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai| jaise-1. prAtimokSasaMvara, 2. smRtisaMvara, 3. jJAnasaMvara, 4. kSAntisaMvara evaM 5. vIryasaMvara / inameM "isa prAtimokSa saMvara se yukta, saMyukta hotA hai| yaha 'prAtimokSa saMvara se yukta, saMyukta honA hI'- 'prAtimokSasaMvara' hai|"ckssurindriy kI rakSA karatA hai. cakSurindriya meM saMvara karatA hai"- yaha 'smRtisaMvara' hai| (bhagavAn ajita se kaha rahe haiM- "loka meM jitane bhI tRSNA, mithyAdRSTi, avidyA Adi srota haiM, unake nivAraNa kA upAya smRti hai, ataH srotoM ke saMvara (pidahana, DhakanA) kI bhI dezanA karatA huuN| prajJA unako Dhaka detI hai|" isa bhagavAn kI dezanA meM 'jJAnasaMvara' kA nirUpaNa hai| 'pratyayapratisevana saMvara' bhI isI jJAnasaMvara meM saMgRhIta ho jAtA hai| aura jo saMvara "zIta uSNa ko sahana karane meM samartha hotA hai" Adi buddhavacana meM varNita hai vaha 'zAnti saMvara' kahalAtA hai| aura "utpanna kAmabhogasambandhI vitarkoM ke vaza meM nahIM hotA" yaha buddhavacana 'vIryasaMvara' kA bodhaka hai| AjIvikA kI parizuddhi se sambaddha saMvara bhI isI vIryasaMvara meM antarnigUDha hai| yoM, yaha pA~ca prakAra kA saMvarazIla evaM pApa-bhaya se bhIta kulaputroM ke sammukha upasthita pApamaya vastuoM (bAtoM) se virati ko saMvarazIla ke antargata hI samajhanA caahiye| (gha) 'avyatikramazIla' se tAtparya hai- gRhIta zIla kA kAyA evaM vANI dvArA anullngghn| yaha huA 'zIla kyA hai? - isa prathama prazna kA sAGgopAGga uttara / /

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1.sIlanidesa 13 (1) samAdhAnaM vA, kAyakammAdInaM susIlyavasena avippakiNNatA ti attho| (2) upadhAraNaM vA; kusalAnaM dhammAnaM patiTThAnavasena AdhArabhAvo ti attho| etadeva hettha atthadvayaM saddalakkhaNavidU anujaannti| aJju pana-siraThTho sIlattho, sItalaTTho sIlattho ti evamAdinApi nayenetthaM atthaM vnnnnynti|| (3) sIlassa lakkhaNAdIni 19. idAni kAnassa lakkhaNa-rasa-paccupaTThAna-padaTThAnAnI ti? atthaM sIlanaM lakkhaNaM tassa bhinnassA pi anekdhaa| sanidassanattaM rUpassa yathA bhinnssnekdhaa|| yathA hi nIlapItAdibhedena anekadhA bhinnassApi rUpAyatanassa sanidassanattaM lakkhaNaM, nIlAdibhedena bhinnassApi sanidassanabhAvAnatikkamanato; tathA sIlassa cetanAdibhedena anekadhA bhinnassApi yadetaM kAyakammAdInaM samAdhAnavasena kusalAnaM dhammAnaM patiTThAnavasena vuttaM sIlanaM, tadeva lakkhaNaM; cetanAdibhedena bhinnassApi smaadhaanptitttthaanbhaavaantikkmnto| evaMlakkhaNassa panassa. dussIlyaviddhaMsanatA anavajjaguNo tthaa| (2) kisa artha meM zIla hai?- 18. avaziSTa praznoM ke uttara meM- zIlana ke artha meM 'zIla' hai| yaha 'zIlana' kyA hai? (1) zIlana kA artha hai 'samAdhAna' / arthAt kAya-karmAdi kA saMyamana yA suzIlatA ke phalasvarUpa kAyika karmoM meM asAmaasya kA abhAva (=aviprkiirnntaa)| athavA (2) 'updhaarnn'| arthAt kuzala dharmoM kA AdhAra hone ke phalasvarUpa AdhArabhAva (adhisstthaan)| vaiyAkaraNa (zabdalakSaNavid) 'zIla' zabda ke yahI do artha svIkAra karate haiN| (3) anya AcArya isa 'zIla' zabda ke ye adholikhita artha bhI karate haiM- (ka) "zira (pradhAna) ke artha meM zIla hai', (kha) 'zItala ke artha meM zIla hai', (ga) "jisake hone para akuzala dharma so jA~ya', (gha) jisake kAraNa sabhI duzcarita vigatotsAha hokara so jA~ya', yA (Ga) "sabhI dharmoM kI pravezArhazAlA hone ke kAraNa zIla hai'- aadi|| (3) zIla ke lakSaNAdi- 19. aba AcArya isa zIla ke lakSaNa, rasa (kRtya yA sampatti), pratyupasthAna evaM padasthAna (pratyaya) kyA haiM?- yaha btaayeNge| lakSaNa-jaise, aneka prakAra se vibhakta kiye jAne para bhI, rUpa kA lakSaNa 'pratyaya kA viSaya honA' (sanidarzana) hI hotA hai; vaise hI, aneka prakAra se vibhakta kiye jAne para bhI, usa (zIla) kA lakSaNa 'zIlana' hI hogaa| .." jaise-nIla, pIta Adi nAnA prakAra se vibhakta kiye jAne para bhI 'rUpa' kA lakSaNa 'sanidarzana' hI hotA hai; kyoMki vaha rUpAyatana nIlAdi bheda ke anusAra anekadhA vibhakta hone para bhI apane sanidarzana (dikhAyI denA) svabhAva kA atikramaNa nahIM kara pAtA; vaise hI zIla ke cetanAdi bheda se nAnA vibhAga hone para bhI, zIla kA lakSaNa pUrvokta kAya-karma Adi kA samAdhAna rakhanA, athavA kuzala dharmoM kA AdhAra (pratiSThAna) rUpa 'zIlana' hI khlaaygaa| ataH vahI usakA lakSaNa hai; kyoMki vaha zIla cetanAdi bheda se vibhakta hokara bhI apane samAdhAna' yA 'AdhAra' svabhAva kA atikramaNa nahIM kara paataa| rasa- aise lakSaNa vAle isa zIla kA,

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visuddhimaga kiccasampatti atthena raso nAma pavuccati // tasmA idaM sIlaM nAma kiccaTTena rasena dussIlyaviddhaMsanarasaM, sampattiatthena rasena anavajarasaM ti vedit| lakkhaNAdIsu hi kiccameva sampatti vA raso ti vuccti| soceyyapacupaTTAnaM tayidaM, tassa vihi| ottappaM ca hirI ceva pada TThAnaM ti vnnnnitN|| tayidaM sIlaM "kAyasoceyyaM, vacIsoceyyaM, manosoceyyaM" (aM0ni0 1-252) ti evaM vuttasoceyyapaccupaTTAnaM, soceyyabhAvena paccupaTThAti, gahapabhAvaM gcchti| hirottappaM ca panassa vihi paTTAnaM ti vaNNitaM, AsanakAraNaM ti attho| hirottappe hi sati sIlaM uppajjati ceva tiTThati c| asati neva uppajjati, na tiTThatI ti| evaM sIlassa lakkhaNa-rasa-paccupaTThAna-padaTThAni veditbbaani|| (4)sIlAnisaMsaM 20. kimAnisaMsaM sIlaM ti? avippttisaaraadianekgunnpttilaabhaanisNsN| vuttaM hetaM-"avippaTisAratthAni kho, Ananda, kusalAni sIlAni avippaTisArAnisaMsAnI" (aM0ni0.4-357) ti| 21. aparaM pi vuttaM-"pazcime, gahapatayo, AnisaMsA sIlavato siilsmpdaay| 'kRtya' ke artha meM duHzIlatA (anAcAra) kA nAza (vidhvaMsana) evaM 'sampatti ke artha meM nirduSTa anindanIya anavadya guNavAlA hI 'rasa' hai| kRtya aura sampatti ke artha meM bhI ise 'rasa' kahA jAtA hai| .. isaliye isa zIla ko kRtya ke artha meM-kadAcaraNa (dauHzIlya) ko naSTa karane meM sahAyaka evaM sampatti ke artha meM anindaya rasa jAnanA caahiye| lakSaNa-Adi ke vyAkhyAnaprasaGga meM sahAyaka honA kRtya hI 'sampatti' yA 'rasa' kahalAtA hai| pratyupasthAna- paNDita janoM dvArA. 'usa zIla kA parizuddha honA' hI usake jAnane kA AkAra (pratyupasthAna-pacyupaTTAna) batAyA gayA hai| padasthAna- tathA zAstra meM, soca (apatrApya) evaM lajjA (hI) hI isa zIla ke padasthAna (Asanna kAraNa) ke rUpa meM ... vaha zIla "deha kI parizuddhi hai, pANI kI parizuddhi hai, mana kI parizuddhi hai" (aM0 ni01252) isa prakAra buddhavacana meM kathita "parizuddhi-pratyupasthAna' kahalAtA hai; kyoMki vaha zIla parizuddhi ke rUpa (AkAra) meM jAnA jAtA hai, grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| vidvAnoM dvArA hI evaM apatrApya isa zIla kA 'padasthAna' kahA gayA hai, jisakA sarala artha hai-Asanna kAraNa: kyoMki hI aura apatrApya ke hone para hI zIla utpanna hotA hai, ThaharatA hai| arthAt zIla ke utpAda meM ye hI do guNa Asanna (samIpatama) kAraNa haiN| unake na hone para, na to zIla kI utpatti hI ho sakatI hai, na sthiti| yoM, isa zIla ke lakSaNa, rasa, pratyupasthAna evaM padasthAna samajhane caahiye|| (4) zIla kA mAhAtmya (AnRzaMsya) kyA hai?- 20. isa prazna kA uttara hai-'pazcAttApa na karanA' Adi aneka guNoM kI prApti hI zIla kA mAhAtmya hai| tripiTaka meM kahA bhI hai- "Ananda, uttama zIla (sadAcAra) hI pazcAttApa se dUra rakhane vAlA hai, apazcAttApa hI usa uttama zIla kA mAhAtmya (vaiziSTya) hai|" 21. tripiTaka meM hI aura bhI kahA hai-"gRhapatiyo! zIlavAn kI zIlasampatti ke pA~ca guNa

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1. sIlaniddesa 15 katame paJca? idha, gahapatayo, sIlavA sIlasampanno appamAdAdhikaraNaM mahantaM bhogakkhandhaM adhigacchati, ayaM paThamo AnisaMso sIlavato siilsmpdaay| "puna ca paraM, gahapatayo, sIlavato sIlasampannassa kalyANo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati, ayaM dutiyo AnisaMso sIlavato siilsmpdaay| "puna ca paraM, gahapatayo, sIlavA sIlasampanno yajJadeva parisaM upasaGkamati- yadi khattiyaparisaM yadi brAhmaNaparisaM yadi gahapatiparisaM yadi samaNaparisaM, visArado upasaGkamati amaGkabhUto, ayaM tatiyo AnisaMso sIlavato siilsmpdaay| "puna ca paraM, gahapatayo, sIlavA sIlasampanno asammULho kAlaM karoti, ayaM catuttho AnisaMso sIlavato siilsmpdaay| __ "puna ca paraM, gahapatayo, sIlavA sIlasampanno kAyassa bhedA paraM maraNA sugatiM saggaM lokaM upapajati, ayaM paJcamo AnisaMso sIlavato sIlasampadAyA" (dI0ni0 2-69) ti| 22. apare pi-"Akaleyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabrahmacArInaM piyo ca assaM, manApo ca, garu ca bhAvanIyo cA ti, sIlesvevassa paripUrakArI" (ma0ni0 1-44) ti AdinA nayena piyamanApatAdayo AsavakkhayapariyosAnA anekA sIlAnisaMsA vuttaa| evaM avippaTisArAdianekaguNAnisaMsaM siilN|| 23. api ca sAsane kulaputtAnaM, patiTTA natthi yaM vinaa| AnisaMsA paricchedaM, tassa sIlassa ko vade // 1 // haiM- 1. gRhapatiyo! zIlavAn zIlasampanna puruSa pramAda meM na par3ane ke kAraNa bahuta adhika kAmabhoga (dhana-dhAnyAdi) sampatti prApta karatA hai-yaha zIlavAn kI zIlasampatti kA prathama guNa hai| 2."gRhapatiyo! isa zIlavAn zIlasampanna kA sabhI dizAoM meM 'yaha bahuta adhika zIlavAn hai'- aisA maGgalamaya yaza phailane lagatA hai-yaha isa zIlavAn kI zIlasampatti kA dUsarA guNa hai| . 3. "phira gRhaMpatiyo! vaha zIlavAn zIlasampanna puruSa jisa jisa bhI pariSad (sabhA) meM jAtA hai-phira bhale hI vaha kSatriyoM kI pariSad ho, yA brAhmaNoM kI, vaizyoM (gRhapatiyoM) kI ho yA kinhIM zramaNoM kI vahA~ vaha nirbhIka, catura vaktA, va niHsaGkoca (amaGkubhUta) hokara jAtA hai, mUka (gUMge-bahare) kI taraha nahIM-yaha usa zIlavAn kI zIlasampatti kA tIsarA guNa hai| ___4. "aura phira gRhapatiyo! vaha zIlavAn zIlasampanna puruSa avimUr3ha (bhramarahita, cetana avasthA meM) raha kara mRtyu ko prApta hotA hai-yaha zIlavAn kI zIlasampatti kA cauthA guNa hai| 5."aura phira gRhapatiyo! vaha zIlavAn zIlasampanna puruSa, zarIra chUTane para marane ke bAda, sugati ko prApta ho svargaloka meM utpanna hotA hai - yaha usa zIlavAn kI zIlasampatti kA pA~cavA~ guNa 22. isI taraha, isa zIlAcaraNa ke dUsare bhI guNa haiM, jaise- "bhikSuo! yadi koI bhikSu yaha cAhe ki vaha apane dUsare sabrahmacAriyoM (sAthiyoM, gurubhAiyoM) ko priya lage, unakA premapAtra banA rahe, unake dvArA sneha-sammAna kI dRSTi se dekhA jAya, to use zIloM kI pUrti meM adhika dhyAna denA cAhiye" (ma0ni0 1-44)-isa buddhavacana ke AdhAra se priya-manApa Adi se lekara AzravakSaya (arhattva) taka zIla ke aneka guNa kahe gaye haiN|

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visuddhimagga 'na gaGgA yamunA cA pi, sarabhU vA srsvtii| ninnagA vA ciravatI, mahI vA pi mahAnadI // 2 // - sakuNanti visodhetuM, taM malaM idha paanninN| visodhayati sattAnaM, yaM ve sIlajalaM malaM // 3 // na taM sajaladA vAtA, na cApi haricandanaM / neva hArA na maNayo na candakiraNaGkarA // 4 // samayantIdha sattAnaM pariLAhaM surkkhitN| yaM sameti idaM ariyaM sIlaM accantasItalaM // 5 // sIlagandhasamo gandho, kuto nAma bhavissati! yo samaM anuvAte. ca, paTivAte ca vaayti||6|| saggArohaNasopAnaM, akhaM sIlasamaM kuto! dvAraM vA pana nibbAnanagarassa pvesne||7|| sobhantevaM na rAjAno muttaamnnivibhuusitaa| yathA sobhanti yatino sIlabhUsanabhUsitA // 8 // attAnuvAdAdibhayaM viddhaMsayati sbbso| janeti kittihAsaM ca sIlaM sIlavataM sdaa||9|| guNAnaM mUlabhUtassa, dosAnaM blghaatino| isa taraha, 'pazcAttApa na karanA' Adi nAnAvidha guNoM kI prApti hI zIla kA mAhAtmya hai| . 23. aura bhI jisa zIla ke vinA buddhazrAvaka kulaputroM kI buddhazAsana meM gati (pratiSThA) hI nahIM ho pAtI, usa sIla ke mAhAtmya va vaiziSTya kI sImA kauna batA sakatA hai!||1|| prANiyoM ke jisa mala (cittavikAra) ko na gaGgA na yamunA, na sarayU na sarasvatI, na mahI athavA mahAnadI hI dho pAtI hai; vaha zIla prANiyoM ke usa mala ko bhI mUlataH ucchinna kara sakatA hai||2-3|| prANiyoM ke jisa paridAha (jalana, tApa) ko na sAvana-bhAdo kI varSA, na haricandana, na koI hAra yA maNi, na candramA kI zItala cA~danI hI zAnta kara pAtI ho use yaha surakSita, atyanta zItala AryazIla saralatA se zAnta kara sakatA hai|| 4-5 / / - zIla kI gandha ke samAna aura kauna gandha hogI, jo anukUla-pratikUla gati ke rahate bhI, samAnarUpa se eka sI bahatI-phailatI rahatI hai!||6|| svargaloka (sugati) taka pahu~cane yA nirvANa-nagara meM praveza ke liye zIla ke samAna dUsarI kauna sI sIDhI (sopAna) yA dvAra ho sakate haiM! / / 7 / / rAjA loga motiyoM kI mAlA evaM maNiratvajaTita hAra pahanakara bhI utane zobhita nahIM hote, jitanA koI zIlabhUSaNadhArI bhikSu. laukika (vyavahAra) dRSTi se akiJcana dIkhate hue bhI, isa jagat meM sarvatra zobhita hotA hai|| 8 / / . __ zIlavAn ke lie usakA zIla AtmanindA (dUsaroM dvArA kI jAne vAlI usakI nindA) Adi bhayoM ko sarvathA dUra kara detA hai! evaM loka meM usakA yaza dinAnudina phailatA hI rahatA hai, jisase usakI zobhA (chavi) bar3hatI jAtI hai|| 9 / /

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1. sIlaniddesa 17 iti sIlassa vijJeyyaM, AnisaMsakathAmukhaM // ti // 10 // (5) sIlappabhedo 24. idAni yaM-vuttaM katividhaM cetaM sIlaM ti? tatridaM vissajanaMsabbameva tAva idaM sIlaM attano sIlanalakkhaNena ekvidhN| 1. cAritta-vArittavasena davidhaM, tathA 2. AbhisamAcArika-Adibrahmacariyakavasena, 3. virati-avirativasena, 4. nissita-anissitavasena, 5 kAlapariyantaApANakoTikavasena, 6. sapariyanta-apariyantavasena, 7. lokiya-lokuttaravasena c| tividhaM 1. hIna-majjhima-paNItavasena, tathA 2. attAdhipateyya-lokAdhipateyyadhammAdhipateyyavasena, 3.parAmaTTha-aparAmaTTha-paTippassaddhivasena, 4. visuddha-avisuddhavematikavasena, 5. sekkha-asekkha-nevasekkhanAsekkhavasena c| catubbidhaM 1. hAnabhAgiya-ThitibhAgiya-visesabhAgiya-nibbedhabhAgiyavasena, tathA 2. bhikkhu-bhikkhunI-anupasampanna-gahaTTasIlavasena, 3. pakati-AcAra-dhammatApubbahetukasI-lavasena, 4. pAtimokkhasaMvara-indriyasaMvara-AjIvapArisuddhi-paccayasanissitasIlavasena c| paJcavidhaM pariyantapArisuddhisIlAdivasena / vuttaM pi cetaM paTisambhidAyaM-"paJca sIlAni-1. pariyantapArisuddhisIlaM, 2. apariyantapArisuddhisIlaM, 3. paripuNNapAri- yoM guNoM ke AdhAra (mUla) bhUta evaM doSadaurbalyakAraka zIla kA mahattva usake isa uparyukta mAhAtmya-varNana se bhI jAna lenA caahiye|| 10 // (5) zIla ke prakAra (bheda) 24. aba, vaha jo prazna kiyA gayA thA ki zIla kitane prakAra kA hotA hai?-usakA uttara yaha hai (ka) ekavidha zIla- yaha samagra zIlasambhAra apane 'zIlana-lakSaNa' ke kAraNa ekavidha (ekaka-eka hI prakAra kA) kahA jA sakatA hai| __ (kha) dvividha zIla-punaH yaha zIla (vizleSaNa kiye jAne para) cAritra evaM vAritra bheda se, AbhisamAcArika evaM Adibrahmacaryaka bheda se, virati evaM avirati bheda se, nizrita evaM anizrita bheda se, kAlaparyanta evaM AprANakoTika bheda se, saparyanta evaM aparyanta bheda se aura laukiya aura lokottara bheda se dvividha (dvika-do prakAra kA) bhI kahalAtA hai| (ga) trividha zIla-phira yahI zIla (aura adhika vizleSaNa kiye jAne para) hIna, madhyama evaM praNIta tathA AtmAdhipatya, lokAdhipatya evaM dharmAdhipatya; yA parAmRSTa, aparAmRSTa evaM prazrabdhi bheda se; yA vizuddha, avizuddha evaM vaimatika bheda se tathA zaikSya, azaikSya evaM na zaikSya na azaikSya bheda se trividha (trika tIna prakAra kA) bhI kahalAtA hai| (gha) caturvidha zIla-phira yahI zIla (aura adhika vizleSaNa kiye jAne para) cAra prakAra kA bhI hai| jaise-hAnabhAgIya, sthitibhAgIya, vizeSabhAgIya evaM nirvedhabhAgIya; bhikSuzIla, bhikSuNIzIla, anupasampannazIla evaM gRhasthazIla; prakRtizIla, AcArazIla, dharmatAzIla evaM pUrvahetukazIla; prAtimokSasaMvara, indriyasaMvara, AjIvaparizuddhi evaM pratyayasanizrita-ina bhedoM se yaha caturvidha (catuSka=cAra cAra prakAra kA) bhI zAstra meM varNita hai| (Ga) paJcavidha zIla- yaha zIla paryantaparizuddhi zIla Adi bheda se pA~ca bhedoM se bhI varNita

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visuddhimagga suddhisIlaM, 4. aparAmaTThapArisuddhisIlaM, 5. paTipassaddhipArisuddhisIlaM" (khu0 5-47) ti| tathA phaan-vermnnii-cetnaa-sNvr-aviitikkmvsen| sIlekakadukAni 25. tattha ekavidhakoTThAse attho vuttanayeneva veditbbo| (1) 26. duvidhakoTThAse yaM bhagavatA 'idaM kattabba' ti paMJattasikkhApadapUraNaM, taM caarittN| yaM'idaM na kattabbaM' ti paTikkhittassa akaraNaM, taM vArittaM / tatrAyaM vacanattho-caranti tasmi, sIlesu paripUrakAritAya pavattantI ti cArittaM / vAritaM tAyanti rakkhanti tenA ti vArittaM / tattha saddhAviriyasAdhanaM cArittaM, saddhAsAdhanaM vArittaM / evaM cArittavArittavasenaM duvidhN|| dutiyaduke, abhisamAcAro ti uttmsmaacaaro| abhisamAcAro eva aabhismaacaarikN| abhisamAcAraM vA Arabbha paJjattaM AbhisamAcArikaM, AjIvaTThamakato avasesasIlassetaM adhivacanaM / maggabrahmacariyassa AdibhAvabhUtaM ti AdibrahmacariyakaM, AjIvaTThamakasIlassetaM hai| jaise ki paTisambhidAmagga meM kahA gayA hai- "zIla pA~ca hote haiM-1. paryantaparizuddhi zIla, 2. aparyantaparizuddhi zIla, 3. paripUrNaparizuddhi zIla, 4. aparAmRSTaparizuddhi zIla evaM 5. pratiprazrabdhiparizuddhi shiil|" vaise hI 1. prahANa, 2. viramaNa, 3. cetanA, 4. saMvara evaM 5. anullaGghana bheda se bhI yaha zIla paJcavidha (paJcaka-pA~ca pA~ca prakAra kA) hai| zIla ke (uparyukta) ekaka, dvika kA vivaraNa (vyAkhyAna) 25. ekaka vibhAga- vahA~ zIla ke eka prakAra vAle vibhAga (koTThAsa) kA vistRta vyAkhyAna pUrvakRta (pRSTha 9-10) vyAkhyAna ke anusAra hI samajhanA caahiye| (yahA~ usase adhika hameM kucha nahIM kahanA hai|) (1) 26.dvika-do prakAravAle vibhAga meM, prathama dvika ke antargata- 1."yaha (sucarita) karanA cAhiye"- kaha kara bhagavAn ne jina zikSApadoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai, unakA pAlana cAritra kahalAtA hai aura 2."yaha (duzcarita) nahIM karanA cAhiye" kaha kara jina niSedhaparaka niyamoM kA zikSApadoM meM vidhAna kiyA hai unase dUra rahanA vAritra kahalAtA hai| ina donoM zabdoM kA spaSTArtha yaha hai-usa (zIla) meM samagIbhUta hokara ve guNa calate haiM, unakI paripUrti meM ve sahAyaka hote haiM, ataH unheM cAritra kahA jAtA hai| aura jo guNa bhagavAn dvArA niSiddha karmoM se dUra rahane kI preraNA dete haiM, yogAvacara kA unase trANa (bacAva, rakSA) karate haiM, ataH unheM vAritra kahA gayA hai| vahA~ zraddhA aura vIrya (=satata udyoga) se cAritra ko tathA bhagavAn ke upadezoM meM zraddhA se vAritra ko pAyA jA sakatA hai| yoM, yaha zIla cAritra evaM vAritra bheda se do prakAra kA hai| Age isI dvitIya dvika meM, abhisamAcAra evaM Adibrahmacarya bheda se bhI yaha zIladvika batAyA hai| vahA~ (ka) abhisamAcAra kA artha hai-uttama sadAcAra (smygaacrnn)| abhisamAcAra ke hI artha meM AbhisamAcArika zabda prayukta huA hai| (kha) athavA-abhisamAcAra ko AdhAra mAnakara buddhavacana meM jo kucha bhI kahA gayA hai vaha 'AbhisamAcArika' hai| (ga) isa 'AbhisamAcArika' zabda se-AjIva hai AThavA~ aGga (cAra vAcika kuzala evaM AThavA~ samyagAjIva) jisakA, usa zIla ko chor3akara anya zIla kA grahaNa hotA hai| (ka) mArgabrahmacarya (mArga ko AdhAra mAnakara kI jAne vAlI dharmasAdhanA) kA Adi (prArambhika) hone se yaha (zIla) Adibrahmacaryaka kahalAtA hai| yaha Adibrahmacarya uparyukta AjIvASTamaka zIla kA hI nAma (paryAya) hai| sAdhanA ke pUrvabhAga meM hI parizuddha hone ke kAraNa vaha mArga kI prArambhika avasthA

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1. sIlaniddesa 19 adhivcnN| taM hi maggassa AdibhAvabhUtaM, pubbabhAge yeva parisodhetabbato / tenAha - "pubbe va kho panassa kAyakammaM vacIkammaM AjIvo suparisuddhA hotI" (ma0 ni0 3 - 391 ) ti / yAni vA sikkhApadAni " khuddAnukhuddakAnI" ti vRttAni, idaM AbhisamAcArikasIlaM / sesaM AdibrahmacariyakaM / ubhatovibhaGgapariyApannaM vA AdibrahmacariyakaM / khandhakavattapariyApannaM AbhisamAcarikaM / tassa sampattiyA AdibrahmacariyakaM sampajjati / tenevAha - " so bata, bhikkhave, bhikkhu AbhisamAcArikaM dhammaM aparipUretvA AdibrahmacariyakaM dhammaM paripUressatI ti netaM ThAnaM vijjati" (aM0 ni0 2 - 284) ti / evaM AbhisamAcArikaAdibrahmacariyakavasena duvidhaM / tatiyaduke, pANAtipAtAdIhi veramaNimattaM viratisIlaM / sesaM cetanAdi aviratisIlaM ti / evaM virati - avirativasena duvidhaM / catuthaduke, nissayo ti dve nissayA - 1. taNhAnissayo ca, 2. diTThinissayo ca / tattha yaM "iminAhaM sIlena devo vA bhavissAmi, devaJJataro vA" (dI0ni0 3--185) ti evaM bhavasampattiM AkaGkSamAnena pavattitaM, idaM taNhAnissitaM / yaM "sIlena suddhI" ti evaM suddhidiTThiyA pavattitaM, idaM diThThinissitaM / yaM pana lokuttaraM lokiyaM ca tasseva sambhArabhUtaM, idaM anissitaM ti / evaM nissitAnissitavasena duvidhaM / paJcamaMduke, kAlaparicchedaM katvA samAdinaM sIlaM kAlapariyantaM / yAvajIvaM samAdiyitvA tatheva pavattitaM ApANakoTikaM ti eva kAlapariyanta- ApANakoTikavasena duvidhaM / hai| isIliye (bhagavAn ne) aisA kahA hai-"sAdhanA ke prArambhika bhAga meM yogAvacara ke kAyakarma, vAkkarma tathA AjIva (=AjIvikA) parizuddha ho jAte haiN|" (kha) athavA jo bhagavAn dvArA kahe gaye kSudrAkSudra (choTe, bahuta choTe) zikSApada haiM, ye saba AbhisamAcArika zIla tathA avaziSTa Adibrahmacaryaka zIla kahalAte haiN| (ga) athavA - ubhatovibhaGga (bhikSuvibhaGga evaM bhikSuNIvibhaGga - donoM) meM Aye zikSApadoM kA pAlana Adibrahmacaryaka zIla meM parigaNita hai aura skandhavrata (mahAvaggakkhandhaka evaM cullavaggakkhandhaka) meM Aye zikSApadoM ke pAlana se Adibrahmacaryaka zIla bhI pUrNa ho jAtA hai| isIlie kahA hai - "bhikSuo ! koI yogAvacara AbhisamAcArika zIla kI pUrti ke vinA Adibrahmacaryaka zIla kI pUrti kara pAyagA - yaha sambhava hI nahIM hai / " isa prakAra AbhisamAcArika va Adibrahmacaryaka bheda se bhI zIla dvividha hai| tRtIya dvika meM - kevala prANAtipAtAdi se virata rahanA hI viratizIla hai| zeSa cetanA Adi aviratizIla haiN| yoM virati avirati ke bheda se bhI zIla dvividha hai / caturtha dvika meM - nizraya evaM anizraya bheda se bhI zIla dvividha hotA hai| nizraya do hote haiM1. tRSNAni zraya evaM 2 dRssttinishry| unameM - (ka) "isa zIla ke sahAre maiM cAturmahArAjika deva yA anya koI deva ho jAU~" - aisI bhava- sampatti (janma dhAraNa karanA) cAhane vAle yogAvacara dvArA bhAvita kiyA gayA zIla tRSNAsannizrita zIla kahalAtA hai| (kha) aura 'zIla (ke AcaraNa) se hI (citta kI) zuddhi hogI - yoM zuddhi ke vicAra (dRSTi) se bhAvita kiyA jAne vAlA zIla dRSTisannizrita zIla kahalAtA hai| 2. aura jo lokottara evaM laukika ( usI lokottara kA sAdhanabhUta) zIla hai vaha anizrita zIla kahalAtA hai| yoM, nizrita- anizrita bheda se bhI zIla dvividha hai| paJcama zIladvika meM - 1. kAla ('isa dina yA isa rAtri meM', yA 'itane ghaNTe itanI minaTa meM' Adi samaya) kI sImA (kAlapariccheda) bA~dha kara kiyA jAne vAlA zIla kAlaparyanta zIla

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_ visuddhimagga chaTThaduke, lAbha-yasa jAti-aGga-jIvitavasena diTThapariyantaM sapariyantaM naam| viparItaM apariyantaM / vuttaM pi cetaM paTisambhidAyaM-"katamaM taM sIlaM sapariyantaM? atthi sIlaM lAbhapariyantaM, asthi sIlaM yasapariyantaM, atthi sIlaM AtipariyantaM. asthi sIlaM aGgapariyantaM, asthi sIlaM jiivitpriyntN| katamaMtaM sIlaM lAbhapariyantaM? idhekacco lAbhahetu lAbhapaccayA lAbhakAraNA yathAsamAdinnaM sikkhApadaM vItikkamati, idaMtaM sIlaM lAbhapariyantaM" (khu05-48)ti| eteneva upAyena itarAni pi vitthaaretbbaani| apariyantavissajane pi vuttaM-"katamaM taM sIlaM na lAbhapariyantaM? idhekacco lAbhahetu lAbhapaccayA lAbhakAraNA yathAsamAdinaM sikkhApadaM vItikamAya cittaM pi na uppAdeti, kiM so vItikkamissati! idaM taM .sIlaM na lAbhapariyantaM" (khu05-48) ti| eteneva upAyena itarAni pi vitthaaretbbaani| evaM sapariyantApariyantavasena duvidhN| sattamaduke, sabbaM pi sAsavaM sIla lokiyaM, anAsavaM lokuttrN| tattha lokiyaM bhavavisesAvaha hoti, bhavanissaraNassa ca smbhaaro| yathAha-"vinayo saMvaratthAya, saMvaro avippaTisAratthAya, avippaTisAro pAmojatthAya, pAmojaM pItatthAya, pIti passaddhatthAya, passaddhi sukhatthAya, sukhaM samAdhatthAya, samAdhi yathAbhUtabANadassanatthAya, yathAbhUtatrANadassanaM nibbidatthAya, nibbidA virAgatthAya, virAgo vimuttatthAya, vimutti vimuttitrANadassanatthAya, kahalAtA hai| 2. prANa rahane taka (AjIvana) jisa zIla kI sAdhanA kI jAya vaha AprANakoTika zIla kahalAtA hai| yoM, kAlaparyanta va AprANakoTika bheda se yaha zIla dvividha hai| pATha zIladvika meM- saparyanta-aparyanta bheda se zIla dvividha mAnA gayA hai| unameM lAbha, yaza, jJAti (nAte-riztedAra), aGga evaM jIvana ke liye jo zIla parimita hotA dikhAyI detA hai vaha saparyanta zIla hai| isake viparIta (aparimita) aparyanta zIla kahalAtA hai| paTisambhidAmagga meM kahA bhI gayA hai-"saparyanta zIla kyA hai? lAbha se parimita, yaza se parimita, jJAti se...., aGga se..... jIvana se parimita zIla hI saparyanta zIla (kahalAtA) hai| lAbha se parimita zIla kauna sA hai? yahA~ koI koI pudgala kisI lAbha ke hetu yA pratyaya se lAbha ke kAraNa grahaNa kiye hue zIla kA ullaGghana karatA haiyaha 'lAbha se parimita' zIla hai|" isI prakAra anya yaza-jJAti Adi kA bhI vistAra kara lenA caahiye| vahA~, paTisambhidAmagga ke usI prakaraNa meM, aparyanta zIla ke viSaya meM kiye gaye prazna kA uttara bhI diyA gayA hai- "lAbha se parimita na hone vAlA zIla kauna sA hai? yahA~ koI koI pudgala lAbha ke hetu yA pratyaya se, lAbha ke kAraNa, grahaNa kiye gaye zikSApadoM kA ullaGghana karane kA vicAra bhI nahIM karatA, phira ullaGghana karane kI to bAta hI kahA~! yahI vaha zIla hai jo lAbhaparimita nahIM hai|" isI paddhati se yaza-jJAti Adi ke viSaya meM bhI vistAra kara lenA caahiye| yoM, yaha zIla saparyantaaparyanta bheda se bhI dvividha hai| saptama zIladvika vibhAga meM- laukika-lokottara bheda se bhI zIla dvividha hai| vahA~ sabhI sAnava zIla laukika haiM aura anAsrava zIla lokottara (Asrava caturvidha hote haiM-1.kAma, 2. bhava, 3. dRSTi evaM 4. avidyaa)| vahA~ laukika zIla bhava (AgAmI jIvana-santati) meM abhyunnati lAne vAlA evaM bhava se niHsaraNa, mukti kA sAdhana hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai- "vinayabodhaka zikSApada saMvara ke. liye hai, saMvara apazcAttApa ke liye, apazcAttApa pramoda (prIti) ke liye hai, prIti prazrabdhi (zAntatA-zAnta

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1. sIlanisa 21 vimuttitrANadassanaM anupAdAparinibbAnatthAya / etadatthA kathA, etadatthA mantanA, etadatthA upanisA, etadatthaM sotAvadhAnaM, yadidaM anupAdAcittassa vimokkho" (vi0 5- 290, 10) ti / lokuttaraM bhavanissaraNAvahaM hoti, paccavekkhaNaJANassa ca bhUmI ti / evaM lokiyalokuttaravasena duvidhaM / (2) sIttikAni 27. tikesu paThamattike - 1. hInena chandena cittena vIriyena vImaMsAya vA pavattitaM hInaM / majjhimehi chandAdIhi pavattitaM majjhimaM / paNItehi paNItaM / 2. yasakAmatAya vA samAdinaM hInaM / puJJaphalakAmatAya majjhimaM / 'kattabbamevidaM' ti ariyabhAvaM nissAya samAdinnaM paNItaM / 3. " ahamasmi sIlasampanno, ime panaJJe bhikkhU dussIlA pApadhammA" (ma0ni0 1 - 250 ) ti evaM attukkaMsanaparavambhanAdIhi upakkiliTTaM vA hInaM / anupakkiliTTha lokiyaM sIlaM majjhimaM / lokuttaraM paNItaM / 4. taNhAvasena vA bhavabhogatthAya pavattitaM hInaM / attano vimokkhatthAya pavattitaM majjhimaM / sabbasattAnaM vimokkhatthAya pavattitaM pAramitAsIlaM paNItaM ti / evaM hIna - majjhima-paNItavasena tividhaM / avasthA) ke liye prazrabdhi sukha ke liye, sukha samAdhi (citta kI ekAgratA) ke liye, samAdhi yathArtha (yathAbhUta, satya) jJAna tathA darzana ke liye evaM yathArtha jJAna aura darzana nirveda (sAMsArika sukhoM se glAni) ke liye, nirveda virAga ke liye, virAga vimukti ke jJAna-darzana ke liye tathA vimukti kA jJAna . evaM darzana upAdAnarahita parinirvANa (jisakI prApti ke bAda pA~ca upAdAnaskandhoM kI utpatti asambhava ho jAtI hai) ke liye hai| isI (parinirvANa) ke liye (zAstra kI yaha samagra) kathA-vArtA hai, usakI mantraNA (vicAra, cintana) hai, isI ke liye upanizraya (yathokta kAraNaparamparA) aura isI ke liye dhyAna dekara (gurUpadeza kA) sunanA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki yogI kA samagra kriyAkalApa kevala upAdAnasahita parinirvANa kI prApti ke liye hai|" aura lokottara zIla bhavaniHsaraNa (mukti) ko lAne vAlA aura prApta mArga phala ko dekhane vAle (pratyavekSaNa) jJAna kI bhUmi / isa prakAra laukika lokottara bheda se bhI zIla dvividha hai / / (2) zIlatrika 27. trika vibhAga meM se prathama zIlatrika meM- hIna chanda, hIna vIrya (utsAha) tathA hIna mImAMsA (manana-cintana) se pravRtta zIla hIna zIla kahalAtA hai; madhyama (na hIna na uttama) chanda Adi pravRttazIla madhyama zIla evaM praNIta (uttama) chanda Adi se pravRtta zIla praNIta zIla kahalAtA hai| athavA loka meM svakIrti cAhane kI icchA yazaH kAmatA se pravRtta zIla hIna zIla, puNyaphala kI icchA se pravRtta zIla madhyama zIla evaM 'yaha merA kartavya hai' - isa Arya (zreSTha) bhAvanA se pravRtta zIla praNIta zIla kahalAtA hai| 'maiM hI zIlasampanna hU~, ye dUsare bhikSu to duHzIladharmA haiM, pApakArI haiM'-aisI Atma-prazaMsA evaM dUsare ke apamAna kI icchA se kaluSita (upakliSTa) zIla hIna zIla, ukta icchA na karane se anupakliSTa hone para laukika zIloM kA AcaraNa madhyama zIla aura lokottara zIla praNIta zIla kahalAtA hai| athavA - tRSNApUrti ke liye yA bhava-sampatti va bhoga-sampatti ke arjana hetu sAdhita zIla hIna zIla, kevala apanI mukti ke liye sAdhita zIla madhyama zIla tathA samagra prANiyoM (sattvoM) kI mukti ke liye bhAvita zIla praNIta zIla kahalAtA hai| yoM, hIna madhyema praNIta bheda se bhI zIla tIna prakAra kA hotA hai|

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22 visuddhimagga dutiyattike - 1. ano ananurUpaM pajahitukAmena attagarunA attanigAravena pavattitaM attAdhipateyyaM / 2. lokApavAdaM pariharitukAmena lokagarunA loke gAravena pavattitaM lokAdhipateyyaM / 3. dhammamahattaM pUjetukAmena dhammagarunA dhammagAravena pavattitaM dhammAdhipateyyaM ti / evaM attAdhipateyyAdivasena tividhaM / tatiyattike - 1. yaM dukesu 'nissitaM ' ti vuttaM taM taNhAdiThThIhi parAmaTThattA parAmaTThe / 2. puthujjanakalyANakassa maggasambhArabhUtaM sekkhAnuM ca maggasampayuttaM aparAmaTThe / 3. sekkhA sekkhAnaM phalasampayuttaM paTipassaddhaM ti / evaM parAmaThThAdivasena tividhaM / 1 catuthattike, yaM ApattiM anApajjantena pUritaM, ApajjitvA vA puna katapaTikammaM, taM visuddhaM / ApattiM Apannassa akatapaTikammaM avisuddhaM / vatthumhi vA ApattiyA vA ajjhAcAre vA vematikassa sIlaM vematikasIlaM nAma / tattha yoginA avisuddhaM sIlaM visodhetabbaM, vematike vatthujjhAcAraM akatvA vimati paTivinetabbA - " iccassa phAsu bhavissatI " ti / evaM visuddhAdivasena tividhaM / paJcamattike, catUhi ariyamaggehi, tIhi ca sAmaJJaphalehi sampayuttaM sIlaM sekkhaM / arahattaphalasampayuttaM asekkhaM, sesaM nevasekkhanAsekkhaM ti / evaM sekkhAdivasena tividhaM / dvitIya zIlatrika meM svayaM ke liye ananukUla (ananurUpa - pratikUla) ko chor3ane kI icchA se Atmagaurava yA AtmasammAna kI vRddhi ke liye bhAvita zIla AtmAdhipatya zIla kahalAtA hai| loka-nindA haTAne kI icchA se apane lokagaurava yA lokasammAna kI vRddhi ke liye bhAvita zIlalokAdhipatya zIla kahalAtA hai| dharma ke mahattva ko pUjita karane kI icchA se dharma kA gaurava tathA sammAna bar3hAne hetu pravarttita zIla dharmAdhipatya zIla kahalAtA hai| yoM, ina AtmAdhipatya-Adi bheda se bhI zIla trividha hai / zIlatrika ke tRtIya vibhAga meM- zIla-dvikoM ke gaNanA- prasaGga meM jo zIla nizrita ani bheda se vibhakta huA hai vaha tRSNA evaM dRSTi (mithyA dhAraNA) dvArA saMzliSTa (sambaddha) hone se parAmRSTa zIla hai, kalyANaka pRthagjana (pRthagjanoM meM kalyANakArI zIloM se yukta aMnArya) ke liye mArgaprApti kA sAdhana banA huA aura zaikSya jana (strota Apanna, sakRdAgAmI evaM anAgAmI pudgala) ke liye mArgaprApti kA sAdhana banA huA zIla aparAmRSTa zIla kahalAtA hai| zaikSya-azaikSya ke phala se samprayukta zIla pratiprazrabdha zIla kahalAtA hai| zIlatrika ke caturtha vibhAga meM jisane koI aparAdha ( Apatti, doSa) nahIM kiyA hai, yA aparAdha karake punaH usakA pratIkAra kara liyA hai, usake dvArA pUrNa kiyA gayA zIla vizuddha zIla kahalAtA hai| jisane aparAdha karake pratIkAra nahIM kiyA usakA zIla avizuddha zIla hai| jo vastu, doSa, vyatikrama (adhyAcAra) ke viSaya meM sandeha (vimati) meM par3a gayA hai usakA zIla vaimatika zIla kahalAtA hai| granthakAra kA mata kahA~ yogAvacara ko avizuddha zIla kA vizodhana karanA cAhiye, jisa viSaya me sandeha ho vahA~ vastu kA ullaGghana na kara, usase palAyana na karate hue, usa sandeha ko dUra (karane kA upAya) karanA cAhiye-yahI usake liye hitakara hogA / yo vizuddha Adi bheda se bhI zIla ke tIna bheda kiye jA sakate haiN| 'zIla-trika ke paJcama vibhAga meM cAra AryamArge (srota Apanna sakRdAgAmI anAgAmI evaM arhat) eva tIna zrAmaNyaphaloM se yukta zIla zaikSya zIla hotA hai| arhattva - phala se samprayukta zIla

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1. sIlanidesa paTisambhidAyaM pana, yasmA loke tesaM sattAnaM pakati pi sIlaM ti vuccati, yaM sandhAya-"ayaM sukhasIlo, ayaM dukkhasIlo, ayaM kalahasIlo, ayaM maNDanasIlo" ti bhaNanti; tasmA tena pariyAyena-"tINi sIlAni, kusalasIlaM akusalasIlaM abyAkatasIlaM" (kha05-49) ti| evaM kusalAdivasena pi tividhaM ti vRttaM / tattha akusalaM imasmi atthe adhippetassa sIlassa lakkhaNAdIsu ekena pi na sametI ti idha na upniitN| tasmA vuttanayenevassa tividhatA veditbbaa| (3) sIlacatukkAni 28. catukkesu paThamacatukke, yodha sevati dussIle, sIlavante na sevati / vatthuvItikame dosaM na passati aviddsu||1|| micchAsaGkappabahulo indriyAni na rkkhti|| evarUpassa ve sIlaM jAyate hAnabhAgiyaM // 2 // yo panattamano hoti sIlasampattiyA idh| kammaTThAnAnuyogamhi na uppAdeti mAnasaM // 3 // tuTThassa sIlamattena aghaTantassa uttri| tassa taM ThitibhAgiyaM sIlaM bhavati bhikkhuno||4|| sampannasIlo ghaTati samAdhatthAya yo pn|| visesabhAgiyaM sIlaM hoti etassa bhikkhuno // 5 // azaikSya kahalAtA hai| zeSa na zaikSya azaikSya zIla kahalAtA hai| yoM, zIla ke zaikSya Adi bheda se bhI tIna bheda kiye jA sakate haiN| paTisambhidAmagga meM- "kyoMki loka meM una una prANiyoM kA svabhAva bhI 'zIla' kahalAtA hai, jisake AdhAra para yaha sukhazIla (sukhasvabhAva) hai', 'yaha kalaha svabhAva vAlA hai', 'yaha zRGgArapriya (maNDanazIla) hai'-isa prakAra kahate haiM", isaliye ukta grantha meM AlaGkArika (paryAya) rUpa se-"zIla tIna haiM-1. kuzala zIla, 2. akuzala zIla evaM 3. avyAkRta zIla" isa prakAra kahA gayA hai| yo. kuzala Adi bheda se bhI yaha tIna prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| inameM akuzala artha meM abhipreta zIla kisI bhI lakSya se mela nahIM khAtA / ataH ise chor3a uparyukta vidhi se isakA traividhya jAnanA cAhiye / (3) zIlacatuSka 28. zIlacatuSka-vibhAga ke prathama catuSka meM (1) jo mUrkha duHzIlo (duSTa svabhAva vAloM) ke saMsarga meM rahatA hai, zIlavAnoM se koI samparka nahIM rakhatA aura jo (ajJAnavaza) dharmaniyama (vastu) ke ullaGghana meM koI doSa nahIM dekhatA, nAnAvidha mithyAsaGkalpoM se yukta hokara indriyoM para nigraha nahI rakhatA, aise puruSa kA zIla patana kI ora le jAne vAlA (hAnabhAgIya) hotA hai|| 1-2 / / (2) jo apane arjita zIla se santuSTa rahatA hai, parantu karmasthAna meM Age lagane (anuyoga) ke liye mana (saGkalpa) bhI nahIM karatA, usa arjita zIlamAtra se prasanna parantu Age ke liye prayatna na karane vAle bhikSu kA vaha zIla sthitibhAgIya kahalAtA hai|| 3-4 / / (3) kintu jo zIlasampanna ho dhyAnapUrvaka svalakSyasiddhyartha prayatnazIla rahatA hai aise bhikSu kA vaha zIla vizeSabhAgIya hotA hai|| 5 / /

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24 . visuddhimagga atuTTho sIlamattena nibbidaM yonuyuJjati / hoti nibbedhabhAgiyaM sIlametassa bhikkhuno // ti||6|| evaM hAnabhAgiyAdivasena catubbidhaM / dutiyacatukke, bhikkhU Arabdha paJjattasikkhApadAni, yAni ca nesaM bhikkhunInaM paattito rakkhitabbAni, idaM bhikkhusiilN| bhikkhuniyo Arabbha paJattasikkhApadAni, yAni ca tAsaM bhikkhUnaM paJattito rakkhitabbAni, idaM bhikkhunIsIlI sAmaNera-sAmaNerInaM dasasIlAni, (idaM) anusmpnnsiilN| upAsaka-upAsikAnaM niccasIlavasena paJcasikkhApadAni, sati vA ussAhe dasa, uposathaGgavasena aThA ti idaM gahaTThasIlaM ti| evaM bhikkhusIlAdivasena ctubbidhN| tatiyacatukke, uttarakurukAnaM manussAnaM avItikamo pktisiilN| kuladesapAsaNDA attano attano mariyAdAcArittaM aacaarsiilN| "dhammatA esA, Ananda, yadA bodhisatte mAtukucchiM okanto hoti, na bodhisattamAtu purisesu mAnasaM uppaji kAmaguNUpasaMhitaM" (ma0ni0 3-185) ti evaM vuttaM bodhisattamAtusIlaM dhmmtaasiilN| mahAkassapAdInaM pana suddhasattAnaM, bodhisattassa ca tAsu tAsu jAtIsu sIlaM pubbahetukasIlaM ti| evaM pakatisIlAdivasena ctubbidh| catutthacatukke, yaM bhagavatA-"idha bhikkhu pAtimokkhasaMvarasaMvuto viharati (4) aura jo zIlamAtra se asantuSTa hokara nirveda (vipazyanA yA vairAgya) ko apanA lakSya banAtA hai aise bhikSu kA zIla nirvedabhAgIya hotA hai|| 6 / / aise hAnabhAgIya-Adi bheda se bhI zIla caturvidha hotA hai| dvitIya zIlacatuSkavibhAga meM- bhikSuoM ke liye prajJapta zikSApadoM ko, jinheM bhikSuNiyoM ke liye prajJapta zikSApadoM se asambaddha rakhanA cAhiye, bhikSuzIla kahate haiN| isI prakAra bhikSuNiyoM ke liye prajJapta zikSApadoM ko, jinheM bhikSuzikSApadoM se asambaddha rakhanA cAhiye, bhikSuNIzIla kahate haiN| zrAmaNera-zrAmaNeriyoM ke liye prajJApta jo daza zIla haiM ve anupasampannazIla kahalAte haiN| upAsakaupAsikAoM ke liye nityazIla ke rUpa meM prApta pA~ca zikSAprada athavA utsAhasampannatA meM dasa, va uposatha-aGga ke rUpa meM prajJapta ATha zikSApada-ye gRhasthazIla kahalAte haiN| yoM, bhikSuzIla-Adi bheda se bhI zIla caturvidha hai| zIlacatuSka ke tRtIya vibhAga meM- 1. uttarakurupradezanivAsI janoM kA paJcazIla kA anullaGghana (avyatikrama) prakRti (svabhAva) zIla hai| 2 kula, deza yA pASaNDadhArI sampradAyo kA apanI apanI paramparA meM bhAvita zIla AcArazIla kahalAtA hai| 3. majjhimanikAya meM-"Ananda! yaha svAbhAvika bAta (dharmatA) hI hai ki jaba bodhisattva mAtA ke garbha meM Aye hote haiM taba se bodhisattva kI mAtA ko puruSoM ke prati kAmarAgacitta utpanna nahIM hotA" kahI gayI ukti ke pramANa se bodhisattva kI mAtA kA yaha zIla dharmatAzIla kahalAtA hai| 4. mahAkAzyapa Adi pavitramanA bhikSuoM tathA bodhisattvoM dvArA bhAvita zIla pUrvahetuka zIla hotA hai| yoM, prakRtizIla-Adi ke bheda se bhI zIla caturvidha hotA hai| zIlacatuSka ke caturtha vibhAga meM- (1) dIghanikAya meM prokta bhagavAn kI isa ukti ke

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1. sIlaniddesa 25 AcAragocarasampanno, aNumattesu vajjesu bhayadassAvI, samAdAya sikkhati sikkhApadesU" (dI0 ni0 1-55 ) ti evaM vRttaM sIlaM, idaM pAtimokkhasaMvarasIlaM nAma / yaM pana " so cakkhunA rUpaM disvA na nimittaggAhI hoti nAnubyaJjanaggAhI, yatvAdhikaraNamenaM cakkhundriyaM asaMvutaM viharantaM abhijjhAdomanassA pApakA akusalA dhamma anvAssaveyyuM, tassa saMvarAya paTipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaM cakkhundriye saMvaraM Apajjati / sotena saddaM sutvA ....pe..... ghAnena gandhaM ghAyitvA... pe..... jivhAya. rasaM sAyitvA ....pe..... kAyena phoTubbaM phusitvA ....pe..... manasA dhammaM vijJAya na nimittaggAhI .. ....pe..... manindriye saMvaraM ApajjatI" (ma0 ni0 1-330) ti vuttaM, idaM indriyasaMvarazIlaM / yA pana AjIvahetupaJJattAnaM channaM sikkhApadAnaM vItikkamassa, "kuhanA lapanA nemittikatA nippesikatA lAbhena lAbhaM nijigIsanatA " ti evamAdInaM ca pApadhammAnaM vasena pavattA micchAjIvA virati idaM AjIvapArisuddhisIvaM / "paTisaGghA yoniso cIvaraM paTisevati, yAvadeva sItassa paTighAtAyA" (ma0 ni0 1-14) ti AdinA nayena vutto paTisaGkhAnaparisuddho catupaccayaparibhogo paccayasannissitasIlaM nAma / (ka) pAtimokkhasaMvarasIlaM 29. tatrAyaM Adito paTThAya anupubbapadavaNNanAya saddhiM vinicchayakathA - idhAti / mAdhyama se - "yahA~ bhikSu prAtimokSasaMvara se saMvRta evaM AcAra (mana indriya dvArA zubha AcaraNa) evaM gocara (karmendriyoM dvArA kRta zubha karma) se sampanna ho sAdhanA meM lagA rahatA hai, choTe se choTe doSoM se bhI bhaya mAnanA usakA svabhAva bana jAtA hai, vaha bhalIbhA~ti zikSApadoM kA grahaNa kara unakA abhyAsa karatA hai" - kahA gayA zIla prAtimokSasaMvara zIla kahalAtA hai| (2) "vaha cakSu indriya se rUpa (viSaya) ko dekhakara na usake lakSaNoM (nimittoM) kA grahaNa karatA hai, na cihnoM (anuvyaJjanoM) kA jisake kAraNa, yadi vaha apanI cakSurindriya ko asaMyata chor3a de to lobha, daurmanasya Adi pApamaya akuzala dharma utpanna hone lageMge, ataH unake saMvarahetu sAdhaka prayatnavAn rahatA hai, cakSurindriya kI lobhAdi se rakSA karatA hai, usameM saMvara karatA hai| zrotra se zabda sunakara ....ghrANa se gandha su~ghakara ... jihvA se rasa cakhakara.....kAya se spraSTavya (sparzayogya) ko sparzakara mana se dharma ko jAnakara mana indriya se saMvara karatA hai" isa sandarbha meM kathita zIla indriyasaMvarazIla kahalAtA hai| (3) aura jo AjIvikA ( rojI-rojagAra) ke sandarbha meM prajJapta chaha zikSApadoM ke ullaGghana, vyaGgya mAranA (kUTacaryA kuhanA ), sva yA para kI mithyA prazaMsA (lapanA - vAcAlatA), karanA, nimittakathana, (zakuna-apazakuna Adi batAnA = naimittikatA), dUsaroM ko nIcA dikhAnA (niSpeSikatA), eka lAbha se dUsare lAbha kA anveSaNa (nijigiMsanatA) Adi prakAra pApa (utpanna karane vAle) dharmoM ke sahAre se hone vAlI AjIvikA (=kamAI ) se virata rahanA - yaha AjIvaparizuddhi zIla hai / (4) "prajJA se samyaktayA soca vicAra kara cIvara kA utanA hI upayoga karatA hai, jisase zIta yA tApa se rakSA (bacAva) ho sake" isa buddha-vacana se kahA gayA; cintana se parizuddha cAra pratyayoM (cIvara, piNDapAta, zayanAsana, glAnapratyaya bhaiSajya ) kA upayoga pratyayasannizrita zIla kahalAtA hai| (ka) prAtimokSasaMvarazIla 29. aba uparivarNita 'dIghanikAya' ke 'idha bhikkhu' isa granthAMza (pRSTha 25) ke padoM kI AnupUrvI (kramika) vyAkhyA (varNana) kI jA rahI hai

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visuddhimagga imasmi saasne| bhikkhU ti| saMsAre bhayaM ikkhaNatAya vA bhinnapaTadharAditAya vA evaM laddhavohAro saddhApabbajito kulputto| pAtimokkhasaMvarasaMvuto ti| ettha pAtimoktraM ti sikkhaapdsiilN| taM hi yo naM pAti rakkhati, taM mokkheti, mocayati ApAyikAdIhi dukkhehi, tasmA pAtimokkhaM ti vuccti|sNvrnnN sNvro| kAyikavAcikassa avItikamassetaM nAmaM / pAtimokkhameva saMvaro paatimokkhsNvro| tena pAtimokkhasaMvarena saMvuto pAtimokkhasaMvarasaMvuto-upagato, samantrAgato ti attho| viharatI ti| iriyati / AcAragocarasampanno ti AdInaM attho pAliyaM Agatanayeneva veditavyo / vuttaM hetaM "AcAragocarasampanno ti| atthi AcAro, atthi anaacaaro| . - "tattha katamo anAcAro? kAyiko vItikamo, vAcasiko vItikamo, kAyikavAcasiko vItikamo,ayaM vuccati anaacaaro| sabbaM pi dussIlyaM anaacaaro| idhekacco veLudAnena vA pattadAnena vA puSphaphalasinAnadantakaTThadAnena vA cATukamyatAya vA muggasUpyatAya vA pAribhaTyatAya vA jaGghapesanikena vA aJjataraJatarena vA buddhapaTikuThUna micchAAjIvena jIvikaM kappeti, ayaM vuccati anaacaaro| ___ "tattha katamo AcAro? kAyiko avItikamo, vAcasiko avItikamo, kAyikavAcasiko avItikamo, ayaM vuccati aacaaro| sabbo pi sIlasaMvaro aacaaro| idhekacco na veLudAnena vA, na patta.... na puppha.... na phala.... na sinAna.... na dantakaTThadAnena vA na cATukamyatAya vA na muggasUpyatAya vA na pAribhaTyatAya vA na jaGghapesanikena vA na aJataraJatarena vA buddhapaTikuThUna micchAAjIvena jIvikaM kappeti, ayaM vuccati aacaaro| "gocaro ti| atthi gocaro, atthi agocro| idha- isa buddha-zAsana meN| mikkhu-koI zraddhAvaza pravrajita huA kulaputra saMsAra meM bhaya dekhane ke kAraNa yA phaTe-purAne vastra (cIvara) pahanane ke kAraNa lokavyavahAra meM "bhikSu' isa nAma se pukArA jAtA hai| pAtimokkhasaMvarasaMvuto-yahA~ 'prAtimokSa' kA artha hai-zikSApadoM meM varNita AcAra kA pAlana / jo usakA pAlana karatA hai, rakSaNa karatA hai, use vaha bhava-bandhana se mukta karAtA hai, apAya, durgati Adi duHkhoM se chuTakArA dilAtA hai, ataH vaha 'prAtimokSa' kahalAtA hai| saMvara' kahate haiM saMyama ko| yahA~ isa zabda kA 'kAya-vAggata saMyama' se abhiprAya hai| isa prAtimokSa kA saMvara hI 'prAtimokSasaMyama' hai| yoM usa prAtimokSasaMvara se saMvRta, upagata, samanvAgata (yukta) yA prApta vyakti hI 'prAtimokSasaMvarasaMvRta' huaa| viharati-IraNa (bhikSu-vyavahAra) karatA hai| AcAragocarasampanno Adi (avaziSTa) zabdoM kA artha pAli (buddhavacana) meM anyatra (abhi0 2-296) jaisA milatA hai, vaisA hI yahA~ bhI samajhanA caahiye| vahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai AcAra aura gocara se sampanna- 'AcAra' (kA) bhI (vidvAnoM ne spaSTIkaraNa kiyA) hai, anAcAra (kA) bhii| - AcAra-vahA~ usa prasaGga meM 'anAcAra' kyA hai? kAyasambandhI AcAra (zIla) kA, vAkasambandhI AcAra kA tathA kAya-vAksambandhI AcAra kA ullana yahA~ 'anAcAra' kahalAtA hai| saMkSepa meM yoM kahiye ki sabhI duHzIla (durAcAramaya) vyavahAra 'anAcAra' hai| yahA~ koI puruSa bAMsa kA bhAra upahAra meM dekara yA patra, puSpa yA phala, sAnopayogI dravya (taila, ubaTana, vastra Adi) yA datauna upahAra meM dekara yA cATukAritA (khuzAmada) kara, yA jhUTha saca bolakara yA usake zatruoM se kRtrima virodha

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1. sIlaniddesa 27 - "tattha katamo agocaro? idhekacco vesiyAgocaro vA hoti, vidhavA-thullakumArikApaNDaka-bhikkhunI-pAnAgAragocaro vA hoti, saMsaTTho viharati rAjUhi rAjamahAmattehi titthiyehi, titthiyasAvakehi ananulomikena saMsaggena, yAni vA pana tAni kulAni assaddhAni appasannAni akkosakaparibhAsakAni anatthakAmAni ahitakAmAni aphAsukakAmAni ayogakkhemakAmAni bhikkhUna bhikkhunInaM upAsakAnaM upAsikAnaM, tathArUpAni kulAni sevati bhajati payirupAsati, ayaM vuccati agocro| "tattha katamo gocaro? idhekacco na vesiyAgocaro vA hoti ...pe0... na pAnAgAragocaro vA hoti, asaMsaTTho viharati rAjUhi...pe0... titthiyasAvakehi ananulomikena saMsaggena, yAni vA pana tAni kulAni saddhAni pasannAni opAnabhutAni kAsAvapajjotAni isivAtapaTivAtAni atthakAmAni...pe0... yogakkhemakAmAni bhikkhUnaM...pe0... upAsikAnaM, tathArUpAni kulAni sevati bhajati payirupAsati, ayaM vuccati gocro| iti iminA ca AcArena imanA ca gocarena upeto hoti samupeto upagato samupagato upapanno sampanno smnnaagto| tena vuccati-"AcAra-gocarasampanno" (abhi0 2-296) ti| api cettha iminA pi nayena AcAragocarA veditabbA duvidho hi anAcAro, kAyiko vAcasiko c| tattha katamo kAyiko anAcAro? dikhAkara yA sevA-Tahala kara yA bhagavAn buddha dvArA nindita ataeva niSiddha AjIvikA (jIvana-vRtti) se apanA jIvananirvAha karatA hai-yahI 'anAcAra' kahA jAtA hai| aura vahA~ (pAli-pATha meM) 'AcAra se kyA tAtparya hai? "zAstrokta kAya tathA vANI ke ra mA~ kA anullaGghana yA kAya-vAkkarmoM kA anullaGghana hI yahA~ AcAra' pada se abhipreta hai| yahA~ koI na to bA~sa kA bhAra upahAra meM dekara, na patra yA puSpa-phala, sAnopayogI dravya yA datuana Adi upahAra meM dekara, na cATukAritA (mu~hadekhI bAta) karake, na jhUTha-saca bolakara, na usake zatruoM se kRtrima virodha dikhAkara, na sevA-Tahala kara, na buddha dvArA nindita ataeva niSiddha karmoM se AjIvikA calAtA huA jIvananirvAha karatA hai- yahI (usakA) AcAra' kahalAtA hai| gocara- zAstra meM gocara kA bhI varNana hai, agocara kA bhii| "vahA~ 'agocara' zabda kA kyA abhiprAya hai? yahA~ koI vezyAgAmI ho yA vidhavA, avivAhita svastha vaya prApta lar3akI (sthUlakumArI), napuMsaka yA bhikSuNI se samAgama (maithuna) karane vAlA ho. madyazAlA jAtA ho, yA rAjA va rAjA ke mahAmAtya, anyatIrthikoM yA unake ziSyo se ananuloma (pratikUla) saMsarga dvArA yA vaise vaise zraddhAvirahita parivAro (kulo) se vaira rakhane vAlo se, bhikSu-bhikSuNI-upAsaka-upAsikAoM ko kosane, kaTuvacana bolane vAlo se yA inakA ahita aniSTa yA ayogakSema cAhane vAloM se samparka rakhatA hai, mela-jola baDhAtA hai, unake pAsa bAra bAra jAtA hai-aisA vyakti 'agocara' kahalAtA hai| "aura vahA~ 'gocara' zabda se kyA tAtparya hai? yahA~ jo na vezyAgAmI ho..pUrvavat na madirAlaya jAya, na rAjAo se najo anyatIrthikoM ke ziSyoM se mela-jola bar3hAtA ho, na unake pAsa bAra bAra jAtA ho; aura jo bhikSuoM ke prati premabhAva zraddhA va dharma bhAva rakhane vAle aise hitaiSI yogakSemakAraka parivAro meM hI AnA jAnA ho jahA~ kASAya-vastra (cIvara) dhArI, RSizo ke AcAramaya vAtAvaraNa me rahane vAle bhikSuo kA hI prAyaH AtA-jAtA ho, vaha 'gocara' kahalAtA hai| yoM, jo aise AcAra, aise gocara se yukta, sampanna eva samanvAgata ho vahI 'AcAragocarasampanna' kahalAtA hai|" aura yahA~ isa prakaraNa meM ina 'AcAra' 'gocara' zabdoM kA yaha artha bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai

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visuddhimagNa idhekacco saGghagato pi acittIkArakato there bhikkhU ghaTTayanto pi tiTThati, ghaTTayanto pi nisIdati, purato pi tiTThati, purato pi nisIdati, ucce pi Asane nisIdati, sasIsaM pi pArupitvA nisIdati, Thitako pi bhaNati, bAhAvikkhepako pi bhaNati, therAnaM bhikkhUnaM anupAhanAnaM cakamantAnaM saupAhano caGkamati, nIce caGkame caGkamantAnaM ucce caGkame caGkamati, chamAyaM cakamantAnaM caGkame caGkamati, there bhikkhU anupakhajjA pi tiTThati, anupakhajjA pi nisIdati, nave pi bhikkhU Asanena paTibAhati, jantAdhare pi there bhikkhU anApucchA kaTu pakkhipati, dvAraM pidahati, udakatitthe pi there bhikkhU ghaTTayanto pi otarati, purato pi otarati, ghaTTayanto pi nhAyati, purato pi nhAyati, ghaTTayanto pi uttarati, purato pi uttarati; antaragharaM pavisanto pi there bhikkhU ghaTTayanto pi gacchati, purato pi gacchati, vokkamma ca therAnaM bhikkhUnaM purato purato gacchati, yAni pi tAni honti kulAnaM ovarakAni gULhAni ca paTicchannAni ca yattha kulitthiyo kulakumAriyo nisIdanti, tattha pi sahasA pavisati, kumArakassa pi sIsaM parAmasati-ayaM vuccati kAyiko anaacaaro| tattha katamo vAcasiko anAcAro? "idhekacco saGghagato pi acittIkArakato there bhikkhU anApucchA dhamma bhaNati, pahaM vissajeti, pAtimokkhaM uddisati, Thitako pi bhaNati, bAhAvikkhepako pi bhaNati, antaragharaM paviTTho pi itthiM vA kumAri vA evamAha-'itthannAme, itthaMgotte kiM atthi? yAgu atthi? bhattaM atthi? khAdanIyaM atthi? kiM pivissAma? kiM kAyika vAcika bheda se anAcAra do prakAra kA hotA hai| vahA~ 'kAyika anAcAra' kyA hai? yahA~ koI saGgha meM sammilita hotA huA aziSTatA ke sAtha sthavira bhikSuoM ko Dhakelate hue khar3A hotA hai, Dhakelate hue baiThatA hai; unake sAmane (pITha dekara) khar3A ho jAtA hai, baiTha jAtA hai, unase U~ce Asana para baiThatA hai, sira Dhaka kara baiThatA hai, unake sAmane khar3A hokara bolatA hai, asammAna kI dRSTi se hAtha phaika-phaika kara bolatA hai, sthavira bhikSa jaba vinA jatA khaDAU~ pahane cakramaNa kara rahe hoM to unake sAmane jatA Adi pahanakara caMkramaNa karatA ho; yA ve jaba kisI nIce sthAna para caMkramaNa kara rahe hoM taba vaha unake sAmane unakI apekSA unase U~ce sthala para caMkramaNa karatA hai, sthavira bhikSuoM ko dhakkA detA huA khar3A hotA hai yA baiThatA hai; naye bhikSuoM ko Asana grahaNa karane se rokatA hai; sthavira bhikSuoM ko vinA pUche, nAnagRha meM kASTha (kA Asana) rakha detA hai yA usa srAnagRha ke dvAra banda kara detA hai; ghATa para snAna karate samaya sthavira bhikSuoM ko eka tarapha Dhakelate hue jala meM utaratA hai, yA unake sAmane se bhI utaratA hai; unheM Dhakelate hue nahAtA hai, unake sAmane bhI nahAtA hai; kinhIM gRhastho ke gharoM meM praveza karate samaya sthavira bhikSuoM ko Dhakelate hue bhItara jAtA hai; aura gRhasthoM ke gharoM meM jahA~ avarodha (parde) lage hue ho yA nijI kakSa ho, jinameM ki parivAra kI striyA~ evaM kumAriyA~ rahatI hoM, vahA~ bhI sahasA, anumati ke vinA praveza karatA hai, vahA~ soye yA baiThe baccoM ke sira para AzIrvAda ke bahAne se hAtha pheratA hai, unheM thapathapAtA hai- yaha 'kAyika anAcAra' hai| 'vAcika anAcAra' kyA hai? "yahA~ koI saGgha meM jAkara aziSTatA ke sAtha, sthavira bhikSuo kI AjJA ke vinA hI, dharma ke viSaya meM prazna karatA hai, uttara detA hai, prAtimokSa kA pArAyaNa karatA hai, khar3A hokara bolatA hai, bA~ha pasAra-pasAra kara bolatA hai, gRhastho ke ghara meM praveza kara vahA~ kisI strI yA kumArI se isa prakAra kahatA hai- 'arI o amuka nAma yA amuka gotra vAlI! (Aja hamAre liye) kyA bhojana banAyA hai? mere liye dAla hai? bhAta hai? khAne yogya yA pIne yogya kucha hai? bhojana

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1. sIlaniddesa khAdissAma? kiM bhuJjissAma? kiM vA me dassathA' ti vippalapati-ayaM vuccati vAcasiko anAcAro" (khu0 4:1-191) / paTiekkhavasena panassa AcAro veditbbo| __api ca-bhikkhu sagAravo sappatisso hirottappasampanno sunivattho supAruto, pAsAdikena abhikantena paTiphantena Alokitena vilokitena samiJjitena pasAritena okkhittacakkhu iriyApathasampanno, indriyesu guttadvAro,bhojane mattaJjU, jAgariyamanuyutto, satisampajaJjana samannAgato, appiccho, santuTTho, Araddhaviriyo, AbhisamAcArikesu sakaccakAro, garucittIkArabahulo viharati-ayaM vuccati aacaaro| evaM tAva AcAro veditbbo| gocaro pana tividho-upanissayagocaro, Arakkhagocaro, upanibandhagocaro ti| tattha katamo upanissayagocaro? dasakathAvatthuguNasamannAgato kalyANamitto yaM nissAya assutaM suNAti, sutaM pariyodapeti, kajhaM vitarati, diDhei ujuM karoti, cittaM psaadeti| yassa vA pana anusikkhamAno saddhAya vaDati, sIlena, sutena, cAgena, pAya vaDati-ayaM vuccati upnissygocro| katamo Arakkhagocaro? idha bhikkhu antaradharaM paviTTho vIthiM paTipanno okkhittacakkhu yugamattadassAvI susaMvuto gacchati, na hatthiM olokento, na assaM, na rathaM, karane yogya kyA hai? hameM kyA dogI?"-yo asambaddha vacana bolatA hai-yaha bhI 'vAcasika anAcAra' kahalAtA hai| isake pratikUla AcaraNa vAcasika AcAra' kahalAtA hai| aura phira koI bhikSu dharma eva saGgha ke prati sammAna, saGkoca evaM lajjA ke sAtha bhalIbhA~ti antarvAsaka (bhItarI vastra) evaM cIvara dhAraNa kiye hue, prasannavadana ho, ThIka taraha se Alokanavilokana kara Age pIche calate samaya apane aGgoM ko ThIka taraha se sameTate pasArate hue, nIcI najara kara apanI zArIrika ceSTA karatA hai, indriyoM para saMyama rakhatA hai, bhojana kA upayoga ucita mAtrA meM karatA hai, jAgaraNazIla rahatA hai, smRti evaM samprajanya se yukta hotA hai, alpeccha hai tathA yathAlAbhasantuSTa rahatA hai, udyogarata evaM sadAcAra-karmo ko AdarapUrvaka karane vAlA tathA guru-vRddhajanoM ko sammAnita dRSTi se dekhatA huA sAdhanA meM tatpara rahatA hai-ise 'AcAra' kahate haiN| yoM 'AcAra' ke viSaya meM samajhanA caahiye| . phira 'gocara' ke bhI tIna prakAra hai; jaise-1. upanizrayagocara, 2. ArakSagocara eva 3. upanibandhagocara / iname upanizrayagocara kyA hai? daza kathAvastuoM ke guNoM se samanvita kalyANamitra, jisake sahAre na sune hue ko sunatA hai, sune hue kA saMzodhana karatA hai, zaGkA-sandeha miTAtA hai, yathArthadarzI banatA hai, isa taraha citta meM prasannatA kI vRddhi karatA hai| athavA-jisake dvArA zikSita ho vaha zraddhA, zIla, zruta, tyAga aura prajJA meM unnati karatA hai-yaha 'upaniya zragocara' kahalAtA hai| . 'ArakSagocara' kyA hai? yahA~ koI bhikSu gRhastha ke ghara meM praveza karate yA mArga (vidhi) meM calate hue nIcI dRSTi rakhakara cAra hAtha kI dUrI taka hI dekhatA huA (-yugamArgadarzI) evaM sarvathA saMyata 1 daza kathAvastu-1. alpecchatA, 2 santuSTi. 3 praviveka, 4. asaMsRSTi. 5. vIryArambha, 6. zIla, 7. samAdhi, 8 prajJA, 9 vimukti evaM 10 vimuktijJAnadarzana (ma0ni0 1-3, 4) /

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30 visuddhimagga na pattiM, na itthiM, na purisaM olokento, na uddhaM ullokento, na adho olokento, na / disAvidisaM pekkhamAno gacchati, ayaM vuccati aarkkhgocro| ___katamo upanibandhagocaro? cattAro sattipaThAnA yattha cittaM upanibandhati / vuttaM hetaM bhagavatA-"ko ca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno gocaro sako pettiko visayo? yadidaM cattAro satipavAnA" (saM0 4-127) ti, ayaM vuccati upnibndhgocro| iti iminA ca AcArena iminA ca gocarena upeto pe0 samannAgato / tena pi vuccati-AcAragocarasampanno ti| __ aNumattesu vajesu bhayadassAvI ti| aNuppamANesu asaJcicca ApanasekhiyaakusalacittuppAdAdibhedesu vajjesu bhydssnsiilo| samAdAya sikkhati sikkhApadesU ti| yaM kiJci sikkhApadesu sikkhitabbaM, taM sabbaM sammA AdAya sikkhti| ettha ca "pAtimokkhasaMvarasaMvuto" ti etAvatA ca puggalAdhiTThAnAya desanAya paatimokkhsNvrsiilNdssitN| "AcAragocarasampanno" ti Adi pana sabbaM yathApaTipannassa taM sIlaM sampajjati, taM paTipattiM dassetuM vuttaM ti veditabbaM // (kha) indriyasaMvarasIlaM 30. yaM panetaM tadanantaraM "so cakkhunA rUpaM disvA" ti AdinA nayena dassitaM indriyasaMvarasIlaM, tattha- so ti| so pAtimokkhasaMvarasIle Thito bhikkhu| cakkhunA rUpaM disvA ti| kAraNavasena cakkhU ti laddhavohArena rUpadassanasamatthena cakkhuvijJANena rUpaM disvaa|poraannaa panAhu-"cakkhu rUpaM na passati, acittakattA; cittaM na passati, acakkhukattA; hokara calatA hai, mArga meM na hAthI, na ghor3e, na ratha, na paidala calane vAloM ko, na strI na puruSa ko na Upara na nIce, na idhara, na udhara (vyartha) dekhate hue calatA hai-yaha 'ArakSagocara' kahalAtA hai| 'upanibandhagocara' kyA hotA hai? ve cAra smRtiprasthAna, jahA~ citta upanibaddha hotA hai| bhagavAn ne kahA bhI hai- "bhikSuo! bhikSu kA kauna sA gocara usakA paitRka uttarAdhikAra hotA hai? yahI jo ye cAra smRti-prasthAna haiN|"-yh upanibandhagocara kahalAtA hai| yoM, isa AcAra va isa gocara se yukta...pUrvavat...samanvAgata hI 'AcAragocarasampanna' kahalAtA hai| aNumAtra (alpatama) doSoM meM bhI bhaya dekhane vAlA-prAtimokSa ke choTe choTe niyoM kA azAna meM hue ullakhana evaM alpamAtra akuzalacittotpAda jaise varjita doSoM ke karane meM bhI bhaya mAnane vaalaa| zikSApadoM kA grahaNa kara unakA abhyAsa karatA hai-zikSApadoM meM jo kucha bhI sIkhane yogya hai usa sabako yathArthataH grahaNa kara abhyAsa karatA hai| yahA~ yaha 'prAtimokSasaMvara saMyukta taka vyakti (pudgala) para AdhRta dezanA dvArA prAtimokSa saMvarazIla kahA gyaa| AcAragocarasampanna' Adi (zabdoM se) jo saba kahA gayA hai vaha, yathApratipanna kA jo zIla pUrNa hotA hai, usake mArga (pratipatti) kA pradarzana karane ke liye kahA gayA hai- aisA samajhanA caahiye| (kha) indriyasaMvarazIla 30. usake bAda yaha jo Upara "cakSu se rUpa dekhakara" "Adi prakAra se pAli-pATha dvArA indriyasaMvara kahA gayA hai usakA vyAkhyAna isa taraha hai-so- vaha prAtimokSasaMvarazIla sAdhanArata bhikSu / cakkhunA rUpaM disvA- yaha eka bolane kA DhaMga hai, anyathA vastutaH rUpadarzana meM samartha to cakSu kA vijJAna hai| isIliye prAcIna (paurANa) vidvAn kahate haiM-"citta se sambaddha na hone para cakSurindriya

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1.sIlanihesa dvArArammaNasaGghaTTe pana cakkhupasAdavatthukena cittena passati / IdisI panesA'dhanunA vijjhatI' ti Adisu viya sasambhArakathA nAma hoti| tasmA 'cakkhuviNena rUpaM disvA' ti ayamevettha attho" ti| na nimittaggAhI ti| itthipurisanimittaM vA subhanimittAdikaM vA kilesavatthubhUttaM nimittaM na gaNhAti, diTThamatte yeva snntthaati| nAnubyaJjanaggAhI ti| kilesAnaM anu anu byaJjanato pAkaTabhAvakaraNato anubyaJjanaM ti laddhavohAraM hatthapAdasitahasitakathitaAlokitavilokitAdibhedaM AkAraM na gaNhAti, yaM tattha bhUtaM, tadeva gaNhAti, cetiyapabbatavAsI mahAtissatthero viya / theraM kira cetiyapabbatA anurAdhapuraM piNDacAratthAya AgacchantaM aJatarA kulasuNhA sAmikena saddhiM bhaNDitvA sumaNDitapasAdhitA devakA viya kAlasseva anurAdhapurato nikkhamitvA AtidharaM gacchanto antarAmagge disvA vipallatthacittA mahAhasitaM hsi| thero 'kimetaM' ti olokento tassA dantadrike asubhasaJja paTilabhitvA arahattaM pApuNi / tena vuttaM "tassA dantaThThikaM disvA pubbasanaM anussri| tattheva so Thito thero arahattaM apApuNI" ti|| sAmiko pi kho panassA anumaggaM gacchanto theraM disvA "kiJci, bhante, itthiM passathA?" ti pucchi| taM thero AharUpa ko nahIM dekha pAtI; akelA citta bhI rUpa kA sAkSAtkAra nahIM kara pAtA; kyoMki vahA~ taba cakSurindriya nahIM hai| yahA~ vAstavikatA yaha hai ki puruSa kA cakSu Adi chaha dvAra evaM rUpa Adi chaha AlambanoM kA saMsarga hone para cakSu prasAdamaya citta se hI kucha dekhatA hai| yaha 'cakSu se rUpa dekhakara' kahanA to aise hI hai jaise hama loka meM bolate rahate haiM-"dhanuSa se mAratA hai"| jabaki vahA~ usa mAraNakriyA kA sAdhana tIra hai, dhanuSa nhiiN| ataH yahA~ 'cakkhunA rUpaM disvA' kA yahI artha samajhanA cAhiye ki cakSurvijJAna se rUpa ko dekhkr|" na nimittaggAhI- vaha 'strI' yA 'puruSa' nimitta ko yA zubhAdi nimittoM ko (jaise 'yaha strI hai', 'yaha puruSa hai'. 'yaha sundara hai' Adi rUpa meM dRzya viSayoM ko) kevala unheM (vAstavika svarUpa meM) dekhakara hI raha jAtA hai, unakI tarapha AkRSTa nahIM hotaa| nAnuSyaanaggAhI- anuvyaanagrAhI nahIM hotA / klezoM kA anugAmI hone se yA unheM prakaTa karane se 'anuvyaana' saMjJA se vyavahRta hastapAdAdi kA saJcAlana, ha~sanA-muskarAnA, bolanA, avalokana (Age dekhanA) vilokana (pIche dekhanA) Adi AkAroM ko grahaNa nahIM karatA / jo yathArtha hai usI kA grahaNa karatA hai; jaise caityaparvatavAsI mahAtiSya sthavira ne kiyA thaa| isa sthavira kI kathA yaha hai- sthavira ke caitya parvata se utarakara, bhikSAhetu anurAdhapura jAte samaya, koI kulavadhU, jo apane pati se gRhakalaha kara devakanyA kI taraha saja-dhaja kara bahuta prAtaH hI anurAdhapura se nikala apane mAtRgRha jA rahI thI, mArga ke bIca usa sthavira ko dekha, dUSitacitta (kAmamugdha) ho, jora se ha~sI / sthavira ne 'yaha kyA hai?'-isa prakAra dekhate hue usake dA~toM kI asthiyoM meM azubhasaMjJA ko grahaNa kara arhattva pA liyA / isIliye kahA gayA hai "usake dA~toM kI asthiyA~ dekhakara svayaM dvArA adhiSThAna kI gayI pahale vAlI (azubha) saMjJA kA anusaraNa kara usa sthavira ne vahA~ khar3e-khaDe hI arhattva prApta kara liyaa|"

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32 visuddhimagga "nAbhijAnAmi itthI vA, puriso vA ito gto| api ca aTThisaGghAto, gacchatesa mahApathe" ti|| yatvAdhikaraNamenaM ti Adimhi yaGkAraNA yassa cakkhundriyAsaMvarassa hetu etaM puggalaM satikavATena cakkhundriyaM asaMvutaM apihitacakkhudvAraM hutvA viharantaM ete abhijjhAdayo dhammA anvAssaveyyu, anubandheyyuM / tassa saMvarAya paTijjatI ti| tassa cakkhundriyassa satikavATena pidahanatthAya paTipajati / evaM paTipajjanto yeva ca rakkhati cakkhundriyaM, cakkhundriye saMvaraM ApajjatI ti pi vuccati / tattha kiJcApi cakkhundriye saMvaro vA asaMvaro vA ntthi| na hi cakkhupasAdaM nissAya sati vA muTThasaccaM vA uppjti| api ca yadA rUpArammaNaM cakkhussa ApAthaM Agacchati, tadA bhavaGge dvikkhattuM uppajjitvA niruddha, kiriyamanodhAtu AvajanakiccaM sAdhayamAnA uppajitvA nirujjhti| tato cakkhuvijJANaM dassanakiccaM, tato vipAkamanodhAtu sampaTicchanakiccaM, tato vipAkAhetukamanovijJaANadhAtu santIraNakiccaM, tato kiriyAhetukamanovijJANadhAtu voTThapanakiccaM sAdhayamAnA uppajjitvA nirujjhati, tadanantaraM javanaM javati / usake pIche-pIche AtA huA usakA pati, sthavira ko dekhakara, unase pUchane lagA-"kyA, bhante! Apane kisI strI ko idhara Age jAte dekhA hai?" sthavira bole- "maiM nahIM jAnatA ki idhara koI strI yA puruSa saMjJaka kucha gayA hai| hA~ itanA jAnatA hU~ ki eka asthikaGkAla abhI Age-Age gayA hai|" yatvAdhikaraNamenaM- Adi pAlipATha meM jisa kAraNa yA jisa cakSurindriya ke asaMyamarUpa hetu se isa pudgala ko smRtirUpI kapATa se cakSurindriya ke banda kiye vinA 'khule indriya-dvAra vAlA' hokara sAdhanA karate hue ko lobha Adi dharma satA sakate haiM, usake pIche laga sakate haiN| . tassa saMvarAya paTipajjati- usa cakSurindriya ko smRtirUpI kapATa se banda karane ke liye tatpara hotA hai| evaM isa prakAra tatpara rahate hue hI vaha cakSurindriya kI rakSA karatA hai, usakA saMvara karatA hai-isaliye bhI aisA kahA jAtA hai| vastutaH cakSurindriya kA saMvara yA asavara nahIM hotA; kyoMki cakSurindriya ke Azraya se na to smRti utpanna hotI hai, na vismRti (mutttthscc)| isake viparIta, jaba rUpAlambana cakSu ke samparka meM AtA hai taba bhavaGgacitta (svAbhAvika yA nirAlambana parizuddha yA prabhAsvaracitta) ke do bAra utpanna hokara niruddha ho jAne para kriyAmanodhAtu' Avarjana (AlambanaviSayaka kalpanA) kRtya kA sampAdana karatI huI utpanna hokara niruddha ho jAtI hai| tadanantara cakSurvijJAna darzanakRtya karatA huA, punaH vipAkamanodhAtu sampratyeSaNa (sapaTicchana) kA kArya karatI huI, tadanantara vipAkAhetuka manovijJAnadhAtu santIraNa kRtya karatI huI, tatazca kriyAhetuka manovijJAnadhAtu' vyavasthApana kRtya sampanna karatI huI utpanna hokara niruddha ho jAtI hai| tatpazcAt javanacitta javana karatA hai| 1. usa usa kArya ko siddha karane ke liye pravartanamAtra 'kriyA kahalAtA hai| svabhAva se zUnya, nirjIva-sA mana hI 'manodhAtu hai| 2.cakSu se kisI rUpAlambana ko dekhakara jAnanA hI cakSurvijJAna hai| 3. rUpAkyAlambana kA sampratyeSaNa hI vipAkamanodhAtu hai| . svIkRta Alambana kI yathAtatha mImAMsA karanA santIraNa kahalAtA hai, vahI vipAkAhetuka manovijJAna dhAtu bhI kahI jAtI hai| 5. usI Alambana kA samyaktayA vicAra hI 'vyavasthApanacitta' kahalAtA hai| 6. una una kRtyoM ko pUrNa karate hue eka yA aneka bAra, chor3ane ke samAna Alambana me puna puna utpanna hone vAlA citta 'javanacitta' kahalAtA hai|

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1. sIlaniddesa 33 tatrApi neva bhavaGgasamaye, na AvajanAdInaM atarasamaye saMvaro vA asaMvaro vA atthi / javanakkhaNe pana sace dussIlyaM vA muTThasaccaM vA aNaM vA akkhanti vA kosajjaM vA uppajati, asaMvaro hoti / evaM honto pana so 'cakSundriye asaMvaro' ti vuccti| ___ kasmA? yasmA tasmiM sati dvAraM pi aguttaM hoti, bhavaGgaM pi, AvajanAdIni pi viithicittaani| yathA kiM? yathA nagare catUsu dvAresu asaMvutesu kiJcApi antogharadvArakoTTakagabbhAdayo susaMvutA honti, tathA pi antonagare sabbaM bhaNDaM arakkhitaM agopitameva hoti / nagaradvArena hi pavisitvA corA yadicchanti taM kareyyu, evameva javane dussIlyAdIsu uppannesu tasmiM asaMvare sati dvAraM pi aguttaM hoti, bhavaGgaMpi, AvajanAdIni pi viithicittaani| tasmi pana sIlAdIsu uppannesu dvAraM pi guttaM hoti, bhavaGga pi AvajanAdIni pi viithicittaani| yathA kiM? yathA nagaradvAresu susaMvutesu kiJcApi antogharAdayo asaMvutA honti, tathA pi antonagare sabbaM bhaNDaM surakkhitaM sugopitameva hoti / nagaradvAresu hi pihitesu corAnaM paveso natthi, evameva javane sIlAdIsu uppannesu dvAraM pi guttaM hoti, bhavaGgaM pi AvajjanAdIni pi viithicittaani| tasmA javanakkhaNe uppajamAno pi 'cakkhundriye saMvaro' ti vuto| sotena sadaM sutvA ti AdIsu pi eseva nayo / evamidaM sopato rUpAdIsu kilesAnubandhanimittAdiggAhaparivajanalakkhaNaM indriyasaMvarasIlaM ti veditabbaM / vahA~ bhI na bhavaGga ke samaya, na Avarjana Adi meM se kisI eka ke samaya saMvara yA asaMvara hotA hai| javanakSaNa meM hI yadi do zIlya, vismRti, ajJAna, akSAnti (aruci) yA Alasya (kausIdya) utpanna hote haiM to 'asaMvara' hotA hai| aisA hone para 'cakSurindriya meM asaMvara' kahalAtA hai| kyoM? isaliye ki usa asaMvara ke hone para dvAra bhI arakSita hotA hai, bhavaGga bhI, Avarjana Adi vIthicitta bhii| kaise? jaise nagara ke cAroM (mukhya) dvAroM ke banda na rahane para, phira bhale hI gharoM ke dvAra, prakoSTha, kamare Adi pUrI taraha banda hoM to bhI nagara meM sabhI vastue~ arakSita yA khulI huI hI kahalAtI haiM, kyoMki cora nagara ke khule dvAroM se praviSTa hokara nagara ke kisI bhI ghara meM jAkara jo cAhe kara sakatA hai| isI taraha, javana meM do zIlya Adi ke utpanna hone para, usameM asaMvara hone se cakSura bhI arakSita hotA hai, bhavAGga bhI, Avarjana Adi vIthicitta bhii| hA~, usa samaya javana meM zIla Adi ke utpanna hone para, dvAra bhI gupta ho jAtA hai, bhavAna. Avarjana aura vIthicitta bhii| kaise? jaise nagara ke cAro dvAroM ke bhalIbhA~ti rahane para, phira bhale hI nagara ke antavartI ghara sarvathA khule hI kyoM na par3e raheM una gharoM kA sabhI sAmAna surakSita va gupta hI rahatA hai| nagara dvAroM ke banda rahane para, coroM kA praveza nahIM ho pAtA; isI taraha javana meM zIlAdi ke utpanna hone para dvAra bhI gupta rahatA hai, bhavAGga Avarjana Adi vIthicitta bhii| yo, yadyapi yaha (saMvara) javana ke kSaNa meM utpanna hotA hai, tathApi 'cakSurindriyasaMvara' hI kahalAtA hai| sotena sadaM sutvA- (zrotra se zabda sunakara) isa pAli-pATha kA bhI uparivarNita 'cakkhunA rUpaM disvA' ke vyAkhyAna meM varNita zailI se hI saGgamana kara lenA caahiye| isa prakAra, saMkSepa meMrUpAdi meM klezAnubandhI nimitta Adi ke grahaNa yA varjana jisakA lakSaNa hai- aise indriyasaMvarazIla ko jAnanA caahiye||

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34 visuddhimagga (ga) AjIvapArisuddhisIlaM 31. idAni indriyasaMvarasIlAnantaraM vutte AjIvapArisuddhisIle AjIvahetu paJcattAnaM channaM sikkhApadAnaM ti yAni tAni 1. "AjIvahetu AjIvakAraNA pApiccho icchApakato asantaM abhUtaM uttarimanussadhammaM ullapati, Apatti pArAjikassa; 2. AjIvahetu AjIvakAraNA saJcaritaM samApajjati, Apatti saGghAdisesassa; 3. AjIvahetu AjIvakAraNA'yo te vihAre vasati, so bhikkhu arahA' ti bhaNati, paTivijAnantassa Apatti thullaccayassa; 4. AjIvahetu AjIvakAraNA bhikkhU paNItabhojanAni agilAno attano atthAya vijJApetvA bhuJjati, Apatti pAcittiyassa;5. AjIvahetu AjIvakAraNA bhikkhunI paNItabhojanAni agilAno attano atthAya viApetvA bhuJjati, Apatti pATidesaniyassa, 6. AjIvahetu AjIvakAraNA sapaM vA odanaM yA agilAno attano atthAya vijJApetvA bhuJjati, Apatti dukaTassA" (vi05-181) ti evaM paJattAni cha sikkhApadAni, imesaMcha sikkhaapdaanN| . kuhanA ti AdIsu ayaM pALi-"tatthaM katamA kuhanA? lAbhasakArasilokasanissitassa pApicchassa icchApakatassa yA paccayapaTisevanasalAtena vA sAmantajappitena vA iriyApacayA vA aTThapanA, ThapanA, saNThapanA, bhAkuTikA, bhAkuTiyaM, kuhanA, kuhAyanA, kuhitattaM-ayaM vuccati kuhnaa| (ga) AjIvapArizuddhizIla 31. aba 'indriyasaMvarazIla' ke bAda kahe 'AjIvikAparizuddhizIla' meM AjIvikA ke nimitta prApta chaha zikSApadoM kA (vyAkhyAna kiyA jA rahA hai)| ve (kramazaH) ye haiM- 1. AjIvikA (jIvanayApana) ke liye yA AjIvikA ke kAraNa pApamaya icchA rakhane vAlA, yatheccha AcaraNa karane vAlA, apane meM avidyamAna va ayathArtha lokottara manuSyadharma (parA mAnavIya sthiti) hone kA dAvA (udghoSa) karatA hai use 'pArAjika' Apatti hotI hai (vi0pi0 1-4) / 2. jo AjIvikA ke liye saJcaritva (strI kA sandeza puruSa ke pAsa yA puruSa kA sandeza strI ke pAsa pahu~cAnA) karatA hai use 'sahAdizeSa' kI Apatti hotI hai| (vi0pi02-5)|3. jo AjIvikA ke liye (gRhasthoM se khuzAmada ke rUpa meM yaha kahatA hai ki 'jo bhikSu tumhAre (banavAye) vihAra meM rahatA hai vaha arhat hI ho jAtA) hai|' aura gRhasthoM dvArA isakI isa bAta para vizvAsa kara liye jAne para usa (bhikSu) ko 'sthUla atyaya' kI Apatti hotI hai| 4. jo bhikSu AjIvikA ke liye acche-acche svAdiSTha rucikara bhojana apane liye gRhasthoM se kahakara banavAve aura khAve use 'pAcittiya' Apatti hotI hai| (vi0pi0 5,14,3) / 5. jo bhikSuNI AjIvikA ke liye, rugNa na hone para bhI apane liye gRhasthoM se kaha kara sundara bhojana banavAkara khAye use 'pratidezanIya Apatti hotI hai| (vi0 pi05-1)| jo AjIvikA ke liye svastha hote hue bhI apane lie gRhasthoM se kahakara sUpa (dAla) yA odana (bhAta) banavA kara khAye use 'duSkRta' (dukkaTa) Apatti hotI hai (vi0 5-181) / pAli meM ye chaha zikSApada prApta haiN| ina chaha zikSApadoM ke kahane kA yahI tAtparya hai| ukta pAlipATha meM Aye 'kuhanA' Adi viziSTa zabdoM ke jJAna ke liye pAli meM anyatra varNita ina viziSTa zabdoM ke vyAkhyAna ko dhyAna meM rakhanA caahiye| jaise "vahA~ (usa prasaGga meM) 'kuhanA' se kyA tAtparya hai? lAbha, satkAra, bhoka (yaza) ke pralobhana meM par3e, pApamaya icchA vAle, yathecchAcArI (bhikSu) kI jo pratyaya (vihita Avazyaka sAmagrI) kI niSedhasambandhI yA dasaroM (arhatoM) ke samAna apane ko bhI batAne ke liye (parokSakathana hetu) agasaJcAlana

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1.sIlaniddesa tattha katamA lapanA? lAbhasakArasilokasannissitassa pApicchassa icchApakatassa yA paresaM AlapanA, lapanA, sallapanA, ullapanA, samullapanA, unnahanA, samanunahanA, ukAcanA, samukkAcanA, anuppiyabhANitA, cATukamyatA, muggasUpyatA, pAribhaTyatA-ayaM vuccati lpnaa| tattha katamA nemittikatA? lAbhasakArasilokasannissitassa pApicchassa icchApakatassa yaM paresaM nimittaM, nimittakammaM, obhAso, obhAsakammaM, sAmantajappA, parikathAayaM vuccati nemittiktaa| tattha katamA nippesikatA? lAbhasakArasilokasannissitassa pApicchassa icchApakatassa yA paresaM akosanA, vambhanA, garahanA, ukkhepanA, samukkhepanA, khipanA, sajipanA, pApanA, sampApanA, avaNNahArikA, parapiTThimaMsikatA-ayaM vuccati nippesiktaa| tattha katamA lAbhena lAbhaM nijigiMsanatA? lAbhasakArasilokasannissito pApiccho icchApakato ito laddhaM AmisaM amutra harati, amutra vA laddhaM AmisaM idha Aharati, yA evarUpA Amisena Amisassa eTThi, gaveTThi, pariyeTThi, esanA, gavesanA, pariyesanA-ayaM puccati lAbhena lAbhaM nijigiMsanatA" (abhi0 2-419) ti| meM vikRti, asthiratA, kRtrimatA lAnA yA bhRkuTi car3hAnA yA Ter3hI karanA, ThaganA, DhoMga karanA yA aisA hI anya kisI agasaJcAlana se prakaTita bhAva-yahI 'kuhanA' kahalAtA hai| vahA~ 'lapanA' kyA hai? lAbha satkAra yA yaza pAne ke pralobhana...pUrvavat...jo dUsaroM ke prati vyaGgaya (cher3a-chAr3a) karanA, kisI viSaya meM pUchane para viSayAntara kI bAta prArambha kara denA, bAta ko kucha bar3hA-car3hA kara kahanA, (lapanA), bAta ko saba tarapha se bar3hA-car3hA kahanA (samullapanA). dUsaroM ko bAtoM meM car3hAkara unameM pha~sAnA (unnahanA), saba taraha se bAtoM meM ghera kara pha~sAnA (samunnahanA), bar3hAcar3hA kara (apane yA dUsaroM ke) guNoM kA varNana karanA (ukkAcanA), punaH punaH saba taraha se bar3hA-car3hA kara guNoM kA varNana (samukkAcanA), bolI jAne vAlI bAtoM ko satya yA dharma ke anurUpa na samajhate hue bhI dUsaroM ke prati (khuzAmada ke liye) priya bAtoM ko bolanA (anupriyabhANitA), cApalUsI karanA (cATukamyatA), jhUTha-saca bolanA (muggasUpyatA=mudgasUpyatA), svArthasiddhi ke liye sevA-Tahala karanA (pAribhaTyatA)-ise hI lapanA (vAcAlatA) kahate haiN| vahA~ 'naimittikatA' kyA hai? lAbha-satkAra....jo dUsaroM ke prati bAtacIta meM apane liye cIvara Adi kA AbhAsa denA, saMketa karanA, bAta ko dUsaroM ke liye kahI jAne vAlI sI (golamola-parokSa) karake apane liye kahanA, svArthapUrti karAne hetu bAta ko ghumA phirAkara kahanA (parikathA)--yahI 'naimittikatA' kahalAtI hai| "vahA~ 'nirikatA' kyA hai? lAbha-satkAra....jo dUsaroM ke prati Akroza (DaoNTa-phaTakAra). unapara hAvI honA (vambhanA), una para doSAropaNa karanA (garhaNA), bAta karate hue ko bAra-bAra rokanA (samutkSepaNa), usakI ha~sI ur3AnA (kSepaNa), usakA bahuta adhika parihAsa karanA (saMkSepaNa), nindA (pApanA), saba tarapha se nindA karenA (sampApanA), mithyA AropoM se badanAma karanA (avaNNahArikA), pITha pIche mithyA Aropa (badanAmI) lagAnA (parapiTTimaMsikatA)-vaha 'niSpeSikatA' kahalAtI hai| vahA~ eka lAbha se dUsarA lAbha khojanA' (lAbhena lAmaM nijirgisanatA) kyA hai? lAbhasatkAra.. ke liye yaha jo yahA~ mile (cAra pratyayoM ke) lAbha ko vahA~ le jAtA hai vahA~ mile lAbha ko yahA~ le AtA hai, yA isI prakAra se vastu kI khoja (iSTi), gaveSaNA, paryanveSaNa (bAra-bAra khojanA=parISTi). cAhanA (eSaNA), khojanA (gaveSaNA), bAra-bAra khojanA (paryaSaNA) hai-yahI 'eka lAbha se dUsare lAbha ko khojanA' kahalAtA hai|"

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36 visuddhimagga imissA pana pALiyA evaM attho veditbbo| kuhananiddese tAva lAbhakkArasilokasanissitassA ti| lAbhaM ca sakAraM ca kittisadaM ca sannissitassa, patthayantassA ti attho| pApicchassA ti| asntgunndiipnkaamss| icchApakatassA ti| icchAya apakatassa, upadrutassA ti attho| ito paraM yasmA paccayapaTisevanasAmantajappanairiyApathasannissitavasena mahAniddese tividhaM kuhanavatthu AgataM, tasmA tividhaM petaM dassetuM paccayapaTisevanasaGghAtena vA ti evamAdi AraddhaM / tattha cIvarAdIhi nimantitassa, tadatthikasseva sato pApicchataM nissAya paTikkhipanena, te ca gahapatike attani, suppatiTThitasaddha JatvA puna tesaM 'aho, ayyo appiccho na kiJci paTiggaNhituM icchati, suladdhaM vata no assa sace appamattakaM pi kiJci paTiggaNheyyA' ti nAnAvidhehi upAyehi paNItAni cIvarAdIni upanentAnaM tadanuggahakAmataM yeva AvikatvA paTiggahaNena ca tato pabhuti api sakaTabhArehi upanAmanahetubhUtaM vimhApanaM paccayapaTisevanasavAtaM kuhanavatthU ti veditabbaM / vuttaM hetaM mahAniddese "katamaM paccayapaTisevanasaGkhAtaM kuhanavatthu? idha gahapatikA bhikkhaM nimantenti ciivr-pinnddpaat-senaasn-gilaanpccybhesjjprikkhaarehi| so pApiccho icchApakato asthiko cIvara....pe0.... parikkhArAnaM bhiyyokamyataM upAdAya cIvaraM paccakkhAti, piNDapAtaM isa pAlipATha kA aura bhI adhika spaSTa artha yoM jAnanA cAhiye-'kuhanA' ke nirdeza (vyAkhyAna) meM jo lAbhasakkArasanissitassa samasta pada AyA hai usakA spaSTArtha yaha hai-lAbhasatkAra-zloka (yaza, kIrtizabda) kI ora jhukAva rakhane vAle kA yA unheM cAhane vAle kaa| pApicchassa kA artha hai-jo guNa svayaM meM nahIM hai unakA bhI apane meM dikhAvA karanA cAhane vAle kaa| icchApakatassa kA artha hai-icchA ke zikAra kA yA icchAoM se trasta (upadruta) kaa| isake Age, kyoMki mahAnidesa (tripiTakake antargata eka grantha) meM pratyayapratisevana, sAmantajalpana' evaM IryApatha ke rUpa meM- trividha kuhanavastu varNita haiM ataH ina tInoM kA hI parigaNana karane ke liye paccayapaTisevanasazAta Adi padoM se varNana prArambha kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ kisI bhikSu ko cIvara Adi ke grahaNa ke liye nimantrita kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ vaha bhikSu vastutaH usa cIvara ko pAnA cAhate hue bhI adhika pAne kI burI icchA (niyata) se usa cIvara ko asvIkAra kara detA hai, bAda meM una gRhapatiyoM ko apane prati aTala zraddhA rakhane vAlA jAnakara aura unake (isa prakAra kahane yA socane para-)'are! hamAre ye Arya to atyanta alpeccha haiM, kucha bhI svIkAra karanA nahIM cAhate; yadi ve alpamAtra bhI kucha le leM to hama apanA ahobhAgya samajheM; isa prakAra aneka upAyoM se sundarasundara cIvara Adi lAne para, una para anugraha kA bhAva dikhAte hue, unheM le letA hai| phira eka bAra lene ke bAda to usakA kyA kahanA hai! taba se usake dvArA gAr3I bhara vastue~ le jAne kA kAraNa banA usakA vaha vismayakAraka pASaNDa hI yahA~ 'pratyayapratisevana kuhana vastu' ke rUpa meM jAnanA caahiye| mahAniddesa grantha meM yaha kahA gayA hai "pratyayapratisevana nAmaka kuhana vastu kyA hai? yahA~ koI gRhapati kisI bhikSu ko cIvara, piNDapAta, zayanAsana, glAnapratyaya (pathya), cikitsArtha auSadha (bhaiSajyapariSkAra) svIkAra karane ke 1. apane Apa ko lokottara siddhi prApta arhatoM ke samAna ghoSita karanA 'sAmanta-jalpana' kahalAtA hai| -

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1 1. sIlaniddesa paccakkhAti, senAsanaM paccakkhAti, gilAnapaccayabhesajjaparikkhAraM paccakkhAti / so evamAha'kiM samaNassa mahagghena cIvarena ? etaM sAruppaM yaM samaNo susAnA vA saGghArakUTA vA pApaNikA vA nantakAni uccinitvA saGghATiM katvA dhAreyya / kiM samaNassa mahagghena piNDapAtena ? etaM sArUpaM yaM samaNo ucchAcariyAya piNDiyAlopena jIvikaM kappeyya / kiM samaNassa mahagghena senAsanena ? etaM sArUppaM yaM samaNo rukkhamUliko vA assa, abbhokAsiko vA / kiM samaNassa mahagghena gilAnapaccaya- bhesajjaparikkhArena ? etaM sArUppaM yaM samaNo pUtimuttena vA harITakIkhaNDena vA osadhaM kareyyA' ti / tadupAdAya lUkhaM cIvaraM dhAreti, lUkhaM piNDapAtaM paribhuJjati, lUkhaM senAsanaM paTisevati, lUkhaM ginApaccayabhesajjaparikkhAraM paTisevati / tamenaM gahapatikA evaM jAnanti - 'ayaM samaNo appiccho santuTTho pavivitto asaMsaTTo Araddhaviriyo dhuvAdo' ti / bhiyyo bhiyyo nimantenti cIvara .... pe0.... prikkhaarehi| so evaM Aha'tiNNaM sammukhIbhAvA saddho kulaputto bahuM puJJa pasavati, saddhAya sammukhIbhAvA saddho kulaputto bahuM putraM pasavati, deyyadhammassa... pe0.... dakkhiNeyyAnaM sammukhIbhAvA saddho kulaputto bahuM puJJa pasavati / tumhAkaM cevAyaM saddhA atthi, deyyadhammo ca saMvijjati, ahaM ca paTiggAhako; sacehaM na paTiggahessAmi, evaM tumhe puJJena paribAhirA bhavissatha, na mayhaM iminA attho, api ca tumhAkaM yeva anukampAya paTiggahAmI' ti / tadupAdAya bahuM pi 1 37 liye nimantrita kre| vaha azubha kA saGkalpaka, icchAcArI bhikSu cIvara...pariSkAra ko mana se cAhate hue bhI adhika se adhika prApti kI icchA se, cIvara kA grahaNa karanA, piNDapAta...... zayanAsana glAnapratyaya. bhaiSajyapariSkAra ko grahaNa karanA asvIkAra kara detA hai| aura vaha yoM kahatA hai- 'zramaNa ko aise mahArgha (mUlyavAn ) cIvara se kyA prayojana! use to zmazAna yA ghUre (kUr3e ke Dhera) para par3e yA bAjAra meM dukAna se bAhara pheMke hue phaTe purAne kapar3oM ko bIna kara, gudar3I (saGghATi) banAkara, dhAraNa karanA caahiye| zramaNa ko aise mahArgha, uttama piNDapAta se kyA prayojana! use to khetoM meM dhAna kaTAI ke samaya gire anna (uJcha) bIna-bIna kara yA gA~va meM ghara-ghara ghUmakara bhikSA meM prApta grAsa do grAsa rUpa anna se apanA jIvana-nirvAha karanA caahiye| use mUlyavAn zayanAsana kI prApti se kyA lAbha ! use to kisI vRkSa yA khule AkAza ke nIce hI rAta bitAnI caahiye| isI taraha use maha~ge - maha~ge pathya evaM bhaiSajyapariSkAra se kyA lenA-denA! use to gomUtra ( = pUtibhUtra) yA harre ke cUrNa se hI apane roga kI cikitsA kara lenI caahiye|' apane isa kathana ke anurUpa hI vaha bhikSu gRhasthoM ko dikhAne ke liye phaTe-purAne kapar3oM ke kaThora zayanAsana para sotA hai, evaM rugNa hone para, rUkhA-sUkhA pathya evaM sAdhAraNa auSadhiyA~ sevana karatA hai| taba ve gRhasthajana usake isa AcaraNa se prabhAvita ho, usake viSaya meM yoM socane lagate haiM- 'are! yaha zramaNa to atyanta alpeccha, yathAlAbhasantuSTa, saMyamI evaM ekAntavAsI, kuzala ke liye udyogarata tathA tyAgI (aparigrahI) hai|' yo usake prati aura bhI zraddhAlu hokara use bAra-bAra cIvara, piNDapAta, zayanAsana, pathya evaM auSadhi lene ke liye nimantrita karate haiN| taba vaha unase kahatA hai- "tIna bAtoM ke eka hI sthAna para ikaTThA mila jAne para zraddhAlu kulaputra ko bahuta puNya adhigata hotA hai, jaise- 1. zraddhA upasthita hone para... 2. dAna kA avasara evaM 3 . dAna kA ucita pAtra mila jAne para zraddhAlu kulaputra ko bahuta puNya prApta hotA hai| tuma meM zraddhA hai, dAnayogya vastu aura dAna kA avasara bhI upasthita hai aura mere jaise usa dAna kA pratigrAhaka bhI upasthita hai, aise meM yadi maiM Apa se usa deya vastu ko na lU~ to Apa loga isa puNyaprApti se dUra hI raha jAoge ! yadyapi mujhe isa vastu kI koI vizeSa AvazyakatA nahIM hai, parantu tuma para ....

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38 vizuddhimagga cIvaraM paTiggahAti, bahuM pi piNDapAtaM.... pe0.... bhesajjaparikkhAraM paTiggaNhAti / yA evarUpA bhAkuTikA, bhAkuTiyaM kuhanA, kuhAyanA, kuhitattaM - idaM vuccati paccayapaTisevanasaGghAtaM kuhanavatthU" (khu0 4 : 1 - 188 ) ti / pApicchasseva pana sato uttarimanussadhammAdhigamaparidIpanavAcAya tathA tathA vimhApanaM sAmantajappanasaGkhAtaM kuhanavatthU ti veditabbaM / yathAha - " katamaM sAmantajappanasaGghAtaM kuhanavatthu ? idhekacco pApiccho icchApakato sambhAvanAdhippAyo - ' evaM maM jano sambhAvessatI' ti, ariyadhammasannissitaM vAcaM bhAsati / 'yo evarUpaM cIvaraM dhAreti, so samaNo mahesakkho' ti bhaNati / 'yo evarUpaM pattaM, lohathAlakaM, dhammakaraNaM, parissAvanaM, kuJcikaM, kAyabandhanaM, upAhanaM dhAreti, so samaNo mahesakkho' ti bhaNati / 'yassa evarUpo upajjhAyo, Acariyo, samAnupajjhA-yako, samAnAcariyako, mitto, sandiTTho, sambhatto, shaayo....'| 'yo evarUpe vihAre vasati aDDayoge, pAsAde, hammiye, guhAyaM, leNe, kuTiyA, kUTAgAre, aTTe, mALe, uDDaNDe, upaTThAnasAlAyaM, maNDape, rukkhamUle vasati, so samaNo mahesakkho' ti bhaNati / atha vA korajikakorajiko bhAkuTikabhAkuTiko kuhakakuhako, lapakalapako, anukampA kara maiM isa (deyavastu) ko le letA huuN|' isa taraha vaha unase apanI AvazyakatA se adhika cIvara... bhojana zayanAsana pathya bhaiSajyapariSkAra grahaNa karatA hai| isa prakAra usa bhikSu kA yaha zArIrika abhinaya (bhAkuTikA mu~ha ke hAva-bhAva se dUsaroM ko bhrama meM DAlanA), mukhavikSepa (DhoMga racanA), vismaya meM DAlanA, vismayakriyA, Azcaryacakita karanA - 'pratyayapratisevanakuhanavastu' kahalAtA hai|' kisI ke dvArA azubhasaGkalpa hote hue bhI apane viSaya meM lokottara manuSyaguNoM (uttarimanussadhamma) kI prApti kI DIMga hA~kanA, vaisI bAteM karanA, vaisA zArIrika abhinaya karanA hI 'sAmantajalpana' nAmaka kuhanavastu samajhanA caahiye| jaisA ki 'mahAniddesa' grantha meM Age kahA gayA hai "sAmantajalpana nAmaka kuhanavastu kyA hai ? yahA~ koI pApecchuka, svacchandacArI, loka meM sammAnaprApti ke uddezya se yaha socakara ki loga isa taraha mere dvArA kahe jAne se merA sammAna kareMgeapane dvArA Acarita Aryadharma ke viSaya meM bar3hA-car3hA kara bAteM karatA hai| vaha apane pahane hue cIvara kI tarapha saMketa kara kahatA hai-'jo isa taraha cIvara dhAraNa karatA hai vaha zramaNa mahAn AnubhAva (camatkAra) vAlA hai, jo aisA pAtra rakhatA hai, lohe kA kaTorA, jala chAnane kA bhAjana (pAtra), kUe Adi se jala nikAlane kA baratana ( parissAvana), kuJjI, kamarabanda (kAyabandha) yA jUte ( upAnaha) dhAraNa karatA hai vaha mahAn camatkArI hotA hai; jisake aise upAdhyAya AcArya ho, yA una upAdhyAya AcArya se par3hane vAle sahapAThI hoM, sahAyaka hoM, paricita hoM, ghaniSTha mitra hoM, sAthI hoM..... jo aise vihAra meM rahakara sAdhanA karatA hai, garur3a par3a ke samAna ghara (anuyoga' meM... prAsAda yA harmya (mahala) meM... guphA meM, parvatagakara (leNa) meM, kuTiyA meM, kUTAgAra (zikhara vAle bar3e ghara) meM, aTTAlikA (aTTa meM, ikamaMjile makAna (mALa) meM, dIrghazAlA (uDDaNDa) meM, bhikSuoM ke liye banI upasthAnazAlA meM, maNDapa meM yA vRkSamUla ke nIce rahatA hai vaha zramaNa mahAn camatkArI hotA hai|' athavA vaha gRhastha ke sAmane apane zarIra va mukhAkRti ke aise hAva-bhAva dikhAtA hai ki unako aisA lage ki yaha zramaNa sAMsArika vyavahAra meM (use AdhyAtmika sAdhanoM meM vikAraka samajhakara) cir3acir3A sA (korajika), svamukhAkRti meM naye naye hAva-bhAva utpanna karane vAlA (bhAkuTika): apane hAvabhAvoM se atyadhika 1. 'suvaNNavasadanaM anuyogo siyAtha ca ' - abhidhAnappa0 36 pR0 / 2. aTTo tvaTTAlako bhave' - abhidhAnappa0, pRSTha 35 / 3. ekakUTayuto mALo - abhidhAnappa0, pRSTha 36 /

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1. sIlaniddesa mukhasambhAviko, ayaM samaNo imAsaM evarUpAnaM sannatAnaM vihArasamApattInaM lAbhI ti etAdisaM gambhIraM gULhaM nipuNaM paTicchannaM lokuttaraM suJatApaTisaMyuttaM kathaM ktheti| yA evarUpA bhAkuTikA, bhAkuTiyaM, kuhanA, kuhAyanA, kuhitattaM-idaM sAmantajappanasaGkhAtaM kuhanavatthU" (khu0 4:1-189) ti| pApicchasseva pana sato sambhAvanAdhippAyakatena iriyApathena vimhApanaM iriyApara : sannissitaM kuhanavatthU ti veditabbaM / yathAha-"katamaM iriyApathasaGghAtaM kuhanavatthu? idhekacco pApiccho icchApakato sambhAvanAdhippAyo 'evaM maM jano sambhAvessatI' ti gamanaM saNThapeti, ThAnaM saNThapeti, nisajjaM saNThapeti, sayanaM saNThapeti, paNidhAya gacchati, paNidhAya tidvati, paNidhAya nisIdati, paNidhAya seyyaM kappeti, samAhito viya gacchati, samAhito viya tiTThati, nisIdati, seyyaM kappeti, ApAthakajjhAyI ca hoti, yA evarUpA iriyApathassa aTThapanA, ThapanA, saNThapanA, bhAkuTikA, bhAkuTiyaM, kuhanA, kuhAyanA, kuhitattaM-idaM iriyApathasaGkhAtaM kuhanavatthU" (khu0 4:1-189) iti| tattha paccayapaTisevanasaGkhAtenA ti| paccayapaTisevanaM ti evaM saGghAtena, paccayapaTisevanena vA sngghaaten| sAmantajappitenA ti| smiipbhnniten| iriyApathassa vA ti| ctuiriyaapthss| aTThapanA ti| Adi ThapanA, Adarena vA tthpnaa| ThapanA ti| tthpnaakaaro| vismaya meM DAlane vAlA (kuhaka), atyadhika vAcAla (lapaka lapphebAja), mukha ke hAva-bhAva mAtra se gambhIra (mukhasambhAvika). yA aisI bAteM karane vAlA ho jinase aisA jJAta hone lage ki mAno yaha zramaNa gambhIra, nipuNa, pracchanna, lokottara, zUnyatAsambaddha nirvANa taka pahuMca gayA ho| yaha jo uparyukta mukhAkRti Adi meM vismayakAraka parivartana... haiM-yahI 'sAmantajalpana' saMjJaka kuhanavastu kahalAtA __"vaisI hI azubha bhAvanA (saGkalpa) rakhane vAlA pApecchu bhikSu, loka meM apanA sammAna bar3hAne ke uddezya se, apane IryApatha (cAla-DhAla) meM bhI aise-aise vismayakAraka parivartana karatA rahatA hai| ina parivartanoM ko hI IryApathasambandhI kuhanavastu' samajhanA caahiye| jaise ki (vahIM mahAniddesa meM) kahA hai-"IryApathasambandhI kuhanavastu kyA hai? yahA~ koI pApecchu, svacchandacArI, loka meM apanA sammAna bar3hAne ke uddezya se ki loga mujhe aura adhika pUjA-sammAna kI dRSTi se dekheM, apane IryApatha meM aise aise parivartana karatA hai ki kucha vizeSa prakAra se calatA hai, vizeSa prakAra se calate-calate rukatA hai, vizeSa prakAra se baiThatA hai, vizeSa prakAra ke Asana lagAtA hai; sotA hai; kucha socatA huA sA calatA hai, socatA huA sA ThaharatA hai, socatA huA sA baiThatA hai, socatA sA sone kA abhinaya karatA hai; (yaha dikhAne ke liye ki loga use samAhita samajheM) samAdhistha (dhyAyI) sA calatA hai, ThaharatA hai, baiThatA hai aura sotA hai| bIca rAste meM jahA~ Ane jAne vAle logoM kI dRSTi par3atI rahe dhyAna lagA kara baiThe hue kA sA abhinaya karatA hai-usakI yaha jo aisI cAla-DhAla hai usakA taura tarIkA hai, apane liye logoM ko Azcaryacakita karane kI pravRtti hai- yahI 'IryApathasambandhI kuhanavastu' kahalAtI hai|" [Upara "tattha katamA kuhanA?" Adi pAlipATha meM (1034-35) Aye kucha vizeSa zabdoM kA vyAkhyAna yoM samajhanA cAhiye-] vahA~ paccayapaTisevanasamAtena- 'pratyayapratisevana' isa nAma yA isa rUpa se kahe jAne vAle se| sAmantajappitena-samIpa (sammukha) kathana se| iriyApathassa-cAra IryApatha (1. sonA, 2. baiThanA, 3. calanA evaM 4. khar3A honA) kaa| apanA- Adi (prArambhika) sthApanA yA Adara ke sAtha

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40 visuddhimagga saNThapanA ti| abhisngghrnnaa| pAsAdikabhAvakaraNaM ti vuttaM hoti| bhAkuTikA ti| padhAnapurimaTTitabhAvadassanena bhaakuttikrnnN| mukhasaGkoco ti vuttaM hoti| bhAkuTikaraNaM sIlamassA ti bhAkuTiko, bhAkuTikassa bhAvo bhaakuttiyN| kuhanA ti| vimhaapnaa| kuhassa AyanA kuhaaynaa| kuhitassa bhAvo kuhitattaM ti| 31. lapanAniddese AlapanA ti| vihAraM Agate manusse disvA "kimatthAya bhonto AgatA? kiM bhikkhU nimantitaM? yadi evaM, gacchatha re, ahaM pacchato pattaM gahetvA AgacchAmI" ti evaM Adito va lpnaa| atha vA attAnaM upanetvA "ahaM tisso, mayi rAjA pasanno, mayi asuko ca asuko ca rAjamahAmatto pasanno" ti evaM attupanAyikA lapanA aalpnaa| lapanA ti| puTThassa sato vuttappakArameva lpnN| sallapanA ti / gahapatikAnaM ukkaNThane bhItassa okAsaM datvA datvA suTTa lpnaa| ullapanA ti| mahAkuTumbiko mahAnAviko mahAdAnapatI ti evaM uddhaM katvA lpnaa| samullapanA ti| sabbatobhAgena uddhaM katvA lpnaa| unnahanA ti| "upAsakA pubbe Idise kAle navadAnaM detha, idAni kiM na dethA" tiM evaM yAva"dassAma, bhante, okAsaM na labhAmA" ti AdIni vadanti, tAva uddhaM uddhaM nahanA, sthApanA / ThapanA-sthApanA yA sthApanA kA DhaMga (aakaar)| saNThapanA (saMsthApanA)-abhisaMskaraNa, arthAt apane prati dUsaroM kA prema (prasAda) bhAva paidA karanA / bhAkuTikA-apanA utkarSa prakaTa karane hetu bhRkuTi yA mukha se nAnAvidha hAva-bhAva dikhAnA jisakA zIla (abhyAsa, prakRti yA svarUpa) ho use 'bhAkuTika' kahate haiN| 'mukha ke hAva-bhAva meM taraha taraha ke parivartana karate rahanA'- isa zabda kA sarala artha hai| kuhanA-Acarya (vismaya) cakita krnaa| kuha (=DhoMgI) kA AyanA (=DhoMga) kuhAyanA; evaM jo DhoMga (kuha) kiyA gayA ho usakA bhAva kuhitatta kahalAtA hai| (usa pAlipATha ke) lapanAnirdeza meN-aalpnaa| bihAra meM Aye manuSyoM ko dekhakara unake vinA pUche yaha kahe-"Apa loga kyoM Aye haiM? kyA bhikSuoM ko nimantrita karanA hai? yadi aisA ho to tuma calo; maiM, Apa logoM ke pIche hI pIche, pAtra lekara A rahA hU~"-aisI bAteM 'lapanA' (vAcAlatA) kahalAtI haiN| athavA-una AdamiyoM ke sAmane anya bhikSuoM se apanI utkarSatA dikhAtA huA yaha kahe-"merA nAma tiSya hai, (merI caryA se) mujha para rAjA bhI prasanna hai, aura rAjA ke amuka amuka ucca padAdhikArI bhI prasanna haiN|" yaha kisI ko apanI ora AkRSTa karane vAlI bAta 'AlapanA' kahalAtI hai| lapanA- una vyaktiyoM ke pUche jAne para yadi koI bhikSu unase Upara kahI jaisI hI bAteM kare to vaha usakI 'lapanA' (vAcAlatA) kahalAtI hai| sapanA- apane prati gRhapatiyoM kI utkaNThA jAgRta karane ke liye unase saMvAda karate hue, jAna bUjhakara bIca meM rukate rukate bAteM krnaa| ullapanA- apanI prazaMsA meM apane viSaya meM gRhasthoM se kahanA ki 'pravajyA lene se pUrva gRhastha meM merA bhI bahuta kuTumba thA', 'maiM bahuta bar3A nAvika thA' 'maiM dAnadAtAoM meM zreSTha thA', yA una gRhasthoM kI prazaMsA meM yaha kahanA ki 'Apa to bahuta bar3e kuTumba vAle haiM', 'Apa bahuta bar3e nAvika haiM' yA 'Apa zreSTha dAnapati haiN| yoM utkarSatAdhAyaka bAteM krnaa| samuhapanA- saba taraha se Upara uThAkara (bar3hA-car3hAkara) bAteM krnaa| unnahanA- svAbhISTa vastu kI prApti hetu tadartha protsAhita karanevAlI bAtoM se dUsaroM ko vAgjAla meM phaMsAnA / jaise-"aisA avasara Ane para pahale to upAsaka loga bahuta agradAna diyA karate

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1.sIlaniddesa 41 veThanA ti vuttaM hoti| atha vA-ucchuhatthaM disvA "kuto AbhataM, upAsakA" ti pucchti| ucchukhettato, bhante" ti|"kiN tattha ucchu madhuraM" ti? "khAditvA, bhante, jAnitabbaM" ti| "na, upAsaka, bhikkhussa'ucchu dethA ti vattuM vtttttii"ti|yaa evarUpA nibbeThentassA pi veThanakathA, sA unnhnaa| sabbatobhAgena punappunaM unnahanA smunnhnaa| ukkAcanA ti| "etaM kulaM maM yeva jaanaati| sace ettha deyyadhammo uppajjati, mayhameva detI" ti evaM ukkhipitvA kAcanA ukaacnaa| uddIpanA ti vuttaM hoti| telakandarikavatthu cettha vattabbaM / sabbatobhAgena pana punappunaM ukkAcanA smukkaacnaa| anuppiyabhANitA ti| saccAnurUpaM vA dhammAnurUpaM vA anapaloketvA punappunaM piybhnnnmev| cATukamyatA ti| nIcavuttitA attAnaM he?to heTTato ThapetvA vttnN|muggsuupytaa ti| muggsuupsdistaa| yathA hi muggesu paccamAnesu kocideva na paccati, avasesA paccanti, evaM yassa puggalassa vacane kiJcideva saccaM hoti, sesaM alIkaM, ayaM puggalo muggasUpyo ti vuccati, tassa bhAvo muggsuupytaa| pAribhaTyatA ti| paaribhttybhaavo| yo hi kuladArake dhAti viya sayaM aGkena vA khandhena vA paribhaTati, dhAretI ti attho, tassa paribhaTTassa kamma pAribhaTayaM, pAribhaTyassa bhAvo pAribhaTayatA ti| nemittikattAniise nimittaM ti yaM kiJci paresaM paccayadAnasaJojanakaM kaayvciikmm| nimittakammaM ti| khAdanIyaM gahetvA gacchante disvA "kiM khAdanIyaM labhitthA" ti AdinA the aba ve kyoM nahIM dete?"- isa prakAra kahate hue jaba taka upAsaka yaha na kaha de ki "deMge, te! hama bhI deMge! idhara hama anya kAryoM meM bahuta vyasta the, ataH dAna ke liye avasara nahIM mila rahA thA" taba taka upAsaka ko bAtoM meM pha~sAye rakhanA athavA kisI upAsaka ke hAtha meM Ikha (ikSu) dekhakara bhikSu usase pUche-"upAsaka! Apa kidhara se A rahe haiM?" upAsaka uttara meM kahe-"Ikha ke kheta se, bhante!" taba vaha pUche-"kyA usa kheta kA Ikha moThA hai?" "bhante! yaha to Apako ise khAne se hI jJAta hogaa|" "upAsaka! bhikSu ke liye yaha kahanA ucita nahIM hai ki mujhe cUsane ke liye kucha Ikha do!" isa taraha jo spaSTa hote hue manobhAva ko ulajhAne vAlA saMvAda hai, vaha 'unnahanA' kahalAtA hai| yahI saMvAda yadi aura bhI saba tarapha se ulajhAne vAlI bAtoM se kiyA jAya to use samunnahanA kahate haiN| ukkAcanA- "yaha kula (parivAra) to mujhe hI jAnatA hai, yahA~ se yadi kucha dAna kiyA jAtA hai to mujhako hI kiyA jAtA hai"-isa taraha deya vastu kI prApti ke liye parokSa saMketa-'utkAcanA' kahalAtA hai| yahA~ telakandarikavastu kA dRSTAnta denA caahiye| aura phira yahI saMketa saba tarapha se gherate hue kucha adhika hI kiyA jAya to use samukkAcanA kahate haiN| anuppiyamANitA- bAta ko satya yA dharma ke anurUpa na dekhakara (na hone para) bhI saMvAdI se bAra dAra priya hI bolnaa| cATukamyatA caattukaaritaa| hInavRtti saMvAdI se apane ko bAra bAra nIcA dikhAte hue usase usakI prazaMsAtmaka bAteM karanA / muggasUpyatA-mUMga kI dAla ke samAna / jaise mUMgoM ko pakAte samaya usameM se kucha hI mUMga pakeM, bAkI kacce raha jA~ya ; usI taraha kisI kI bAta meM kucha hI sa I ho, adhikatara jhUTha ho, vaha pudgala 'muggasUpya' kahalAtA hai, muggasUpya kA bhAva (honA) huA muggasUpyatA / pArimaTyatA-paribhaTyatA (sevA-Tahala) kA honA / jo bhikSu kisI ke parivAra ke baccoM ko goda meM yA kandhoM para liye rahatA hai, ghumAtA rahatA hai, unake sevaka kA kArya karatA hai-yaha sevAvRtti (sevakAI) hI pAribhaTyatA (paribhRtyatA) hai| - ukta pAlipATha ke naimittikatAnirdeza meM-nimitta kahate haiM dUsaroM se pratyaya ke dAna kI prApti

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visuddhimagga nayena nimittakaraNaM / obhAso ti| pccypttisNyuttkthaa| obhAsakammaM ti|vcchpaalke disvA "kiM ime vacchA khIragovacchA, udAhu takagovacchA" ti pucchitvA "khIragovacchA bhante" ti vutte "na khIragovacchA yadi khIragovacchA siyaM, bhikkhU pi khIraM labheyyu" ti evamAdinA nayena tesaM dArakAnaM mAtApitUnaM nivedetvA khIradApanAdikaM obhAsakaraNaM / sAmantajappA ti| samIpaM katvA jppnN| kulUpakabhikkhuvatthu cettha vattabbaM / kulUpako kira bhikSu bhuJjitukAmo gehaM pavisitvA nisiidi| taM disvA adAtukAmA gharaNI "taNDulA natthI" ti bhaNantI taNDule AharitukAmA viya paTivissakagharaM gtaa| bhikkhu pi antogabbhaM pavisitvA olokento kavATakoNe icchu, bhAjane guLaM, piTake loNamacchaphAle, kumbhiyaM taNDule, ghaTe ghataM disvA nikkhamitvA nisiidi| gharaNI "taNDule nAlatthaM" ti aagtaa| bhikkhu"upAsike, ajja bhikkhA na sampajissatI ti paTikacceva nimittaM addasaM" ti Aha / "kiM bhante ti"? "kavATakoNe nikkhittaM ucchu viya sappaM addasaM, 'taM paharissAmI' ti olokento bhAjane ThapitaM guLapiNDaM viya pAsANaM, leDukena pahaTena sappena kataM piTake nikkhittaloNamacchaphAlasadisaM phaNaM, tassa taM leDDu DaMsitukAmassa kumbhiyA taNDulasadise dante, athassa kupitassa ghaTe pakkhittaghatasadisaM mukhato nikkhamantaM hetu kI gayI kAya yA vANI kI kriyAoM ke saMketa ko| nimittakamma- saMketa krnaa| kisI bhojya padArtha ko lekara jAte hue ko dekhakara 'kyA kucha khAne yogya pAyA hai?' Adi prakAra se saMketa krnaa| obhAso-pratyayasambandhI bAteM karanA / obhAsakammaM (bacce le jAte hue) gvAle ko dekhakara usase 'kyA ye bacce dUdha pIne vAle haiM yA chAcha (takra)?'- aisA pUche jAne para, usake dvArA 'dUdha pIne vAle bacce haiM, bhante!' aisA kahe jAne para, 'nahIM, ye dUdha to nahIM pIte, yadi dUdha pIte to bhikSu bhI dUdha pAte'-Adi prakAra kI bAtoM se una baccoM ke mAtA-pitAoM ke kAna meM bAta DalavAkara bhikSuoM ko dUdha dilAne kA saMketa krnaa| sAmantajappA (sAmantajalpana)-samIpa (sammukha) karake saMvAda krnaa| yahA~ kulUpakamikkhu kA saMvAda kahanA caahiye| vaha saMvAda yoM hai "koI kulopaga (parivAroM meM jAkara vahA~ baiThakara bhojana grahaNa karane vAlA) bhikSu bhojana karane kI icchA se kisI gRhastha ke ghara meM jAkara baiTha gyaa| use dekhakara usa ghara kI gRhiNI, use kucha na dene kI icchA se 'cAvala nahIM hai'-kahatI huI aura aisA bhAva dikhAtI huI sI ki mAnoM dUsare ke ghara se cAvala mA~gane jA rahI haiM-apane kisI par3osI (prativezI) ke ghara calI gyii| pIche se, vaha bhikSu bhI usa ghara meM bhojya padArtha khojatA huA andara kamare meM ghusa gyaa| vahA~ vaha kivAr3oM ke pIche Ikha, eka pAtra meM gur3a, eka chAvar3I (piTaka) meM namaka mile machalI ke Tukar3e, eka ghar3e meM cAvala, eka kumbhI meM ghRta dekhakara vApasa Akara apane sthAna para baiTha gyaa| udhara vaha gRhiNI bhI par3ausI se cAvala nahIM milA' kahatI huI lauTa aayii| bhikSu bhI upAsike! mujhe Aja kucha bhI bhikSA nahIM milegIyaha maiMne Aja prAtaHhI zakana dekha liyA thA'-aise bolaa| upAsikA ne pUchA-kyA zakuna dekhA thA, bhante?' "maiMne kivAr3oM ke kone meM Ikha kI taraha sIdhe khar3e sAMpa ko dekhakara usa para prahAra karUMgA' yaha socakara usako mArane kA sAdhana khojate huye pAtra meM rakhI gur3a kI melI kI taraha patthara kA . Tukar3A (dekhA), usase prahAra karane para kuddha sarpa ne chAvar3I meM rakhe namaka mile matsyakhaNDa kI taraha apanA phana phailAyA aura usa para pheMke gaye patthara ko kATane ke liye apane dA~ta nikAle, ve dA~ta aise laga rahe the mAnoM ghar3e meM rakhe cAvala ke dAne hoM aura taba usa kuddha sarpa ke mukha se viSamizrita

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1. sIlaniddesa 43 visamissakaM kheLaM" ti / sA "na sakkA muNDakaM vaJcetuM" ti ucchraM datvA odanaM pacitvA ghataguLamacchehi saddhiM sabbaM adAsI ti / evaM samIpaM katvA jappanaM sAmantajappA ti veditabbaM / parikathA ti / yathA taM labhati tassa parivattetvA kathanaM ti / nippesikatAniddese - akkosanA ti / dasahi akkosavatthUhi akkosanaM / vambhanA ti / paribhavitvA kathanaM / garahaNA ti / 'assaddho appasanno' ti AdinA nayena dosApopanA / ukkhepanA ti / ' mA etaM ettha kathethA' ti vAcAya ukkhipanaM / sabbatobhAgena savatthukaM sahetukaM katvA ukkhapanA samukkhepanA / atha vA adentaM disvA 'aho dAnapatI' ti evaM ukkhipanaM ukkhepnaa| 'mahAdAnapatI' ti evaM suThu ukkhapanA samukkhepanA / khipanA ti / kiM imassa jIvitaM bIjabhojino ti evaM uppaNDanA / saGkSipanA ti / 'kiM imaM adAyako ti bhaNatha, yA niccakAlaM sabbesaM pi natthI ti vacanaM detI' ti suTTutaraM uppaNDanA / pApanA ti / adAyakattassa avaNNassa vA pApanaM / sabbatobhAgena pApanA sampApanA / avaNNahArikA ti / evaM me avaNNabhayA pi dassatI' ti gehato gehaM, gAmato gAmaM, janapadato janapadaM avaNNaharaNaM / parapiTThimaMsikatA ti / purato madhuraM bhaNitvA parammukhe avaNNabhAsitA / esA hi abhimukhaM oloketuM asakkontassa parammukhAnaM piTThimaMsakhAdanamiva hoti, tasmA parapiTThimaMsikatA ti vRttA / ayaM vuccati nippesikatA ti / ayaM yasmA veLupesikA viya 1 cikanI lAra aise bahane lagI mAno ghar3e meM rakhA ghI baha rahA ho| yaha sunakara usa gRhiNI ne samajha liyA ki isa bhikSu ko dhokhA denA zakya nahIM hai| taba usane bhikSu ko cUsane ke liye Ikha dekara (kucha hI samaya meM) bhAta pakAkara use ghRta gur3a mizrita matsyakhaNDoM ke sAtha khAna ke liye diyA / isa taraha kisI vastu kA sAmIpya ( bahAnA = vyAja) banAkara kahanA 'sAmantajappa' samajhanA cAhiye / parikathA - jisa bAta ko jaise dekhA ho, usase ulaTakara usako kahanA / ukta pAlipATha ke nippesikatAnirdeza meM- akkosanA dazavidha Akroza - vastuoM se saMvAdI kosanA (Akrozana) / ( dra0 - saM. ni0a0ka0 1, 11, 14) vambhanA - hAvI honA, dUsare kA paribhava karate hue (nIcA dikhAte hue) bolnaa| garahaNA (garhaNA ) - ' yaha (triratna ke prati ) azraddhAlu hai', 'yaha aprasanna (cir3acir3A) rahatA hai' ityAdi prakAra se doSAropaNa (nindA) karanA / ukkhepanA- 'isako yahA~ aisA mata kaho - isa prakAra vANI se utkSepaNa (bAta karane se roknaa)| samukkhepanA- saba tarapha se kAraNa (hetu) darasAte hue bAta karane se rokanA / athavA-adAtA (lobhI, kaasa) ke prati 'yaha to mahAdAnapati hai' aisI vANI (zabdAvalI ) kA prayoga kara utkSepaNa karanA hI 'samutkSepaNa' kahalAtA hai| khipanA - 'are! isa bIjabhogI kA bhI koI jIvana hai!' isa prakAra upahAsa karanA / sapanA - 'are! isako adAyaka (kucha bhI na denevAlA) kyoM kaha rahe ho, yaha to pratyeka yAcaka ko - 'nahIM hai, kucha nahIM dUMgA' aisA vacana detA rahatA hai"- aisI bAtoM se spaSTataH upahAsa karanA / pApanA - 'adAyakatva' Adi zabdoM se akIrti yA nindA kA pAtra banAnA / sampApanA- saba tarapha se nindA kA pAtra banAnA / avaNNahArikA - 'isa prakAra isakI nindA karane se bhI yaha mujhe kucha de degA' -yoM socakara isa ghara se usa ghara meM, isa gA~va se usa gA~va meM, isa janapada se usa janapada meM kisI kI nindA karate phiranA / parapiTThimaMsikatA sAmane mIThI-mIThI bAteM karake pITha pIche nindA karanA / yaha durguNa dUsare kI pITha, jise vaha sAmane se dekhane meM asamartha hai, kA mAMsa khAne ke samAna hai, isaliye isako 'parapiTThimaMsikatA' kahate haiN| ayaM duSyati nippesikatA - kyoMki jaise bA~sa kA banA parimArjaka (lakar3I kA Tukar3A)

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visuddhimagga abbhaGgaM, parassa guNaM nippeseti nipuJchati, yasmA vA gandhajAtaM nipisitvA gandhamagganA viya paraguNe nipisitvA vicuNNetvA esA lAbhamagganA hoti, tasmA nippesikatA ti vuccatI ti| lAbhena lAbhaM nijigiMsanatAniddese-nijigiMsanatA ito laddhaM ti| imamhA gehA laddhaM / amutrA ti| amukamhi gehe / eTThI ti| icchnaa| gaveTThI ti| mggnaa| pariyeTThI ti| punappunaM mggnaa| Adito paTThAya laddhaM laddhaM bhikkhaM tatra tatraM kuladArakAnaM datvA ante khIrayAguM labhitvA gatabhikkhuvatthu cettha kathetabbaM / esanA ti AdIni eTThI-AdInameva vevcnaani| tasmA eDI ti esanA, gaveThI ti gavesanA, pariyeTThI ti pariyesanAiccevametthayojanA veditabbA / ayaM kuhanAdInaM attho| idAni evamAdInaM ca pApadhammAnaM ti| ettha Adisaddena "yathA vA paneke bhonto samaNabrAhmaNA saddhAdeyyAni bhojanAni bhuJjitvA te evarUpAya tiracchAnavijjAya micchAjIvena jIvikaM kppenti| seyyathIdaM-aGgaM, nimittaM, uppAtaM, supinaM, lakkhaNaM, mUsikacchinnaM, aggihoma, dabbihomaM" (dI01.1-12)ti AdinA nayena brahmajAle vuttAnaM anekesaM pApadhammAnaM gahaNaM veditbbN| iti yvAyaM imesaM AjIvahetu paJattAnaM channaM sikkhApadAnaM vItikamavasena, imesaMca "kuhanA, lapanA, nemittikatA, nippesikatA, lAbhena lAbhaM nijigiMsanatA' ti evamAdInaM abhyaGga (ubaTana) Adi ko poMcha DAlatA hai, usI taraha yaha (durgaNa) bhI dUsare guNoM ko poMcha DAlatA hai, niSpiSTa kara DAlatA hai; yA phira kyoMki jaise sugandhita dravya ko pIsa kara sugandha khojI jAtI hai, vaise hI yaha dUsaroM ke guNoM ko pIsakara, cUrNa kara apanA lAbha khojatI hai, ataH niSpiSTaka' kahI jAtI hai| ___ lAbha se lAbha khojane ke nirdeza meM nijigiMsanatA ito laddhaM- isa ghara se prApta / amutraamuka ghara meN| eTThi- icchA (isstti)| gaveTThi- mArgaNA (khojanA gaveSaNA)! parieTThi- bAra-bAra khojanA (pryssnn)| (bhikSAcaryA ke) Arambha se prApta bhikSA ko vahA~ vahA~ milate jAte parivAroM ke baccoM ko dete hue, anta meM bhikSA meM mile kSIra (mizrata anna) va yavAgU ko prApta kara khAne kA dRSTAnta pIche AyI bhikSu-kathA kI taraha vistAra se kahanA caahiye| yahA~ (isa prasaGga meM) esanA Adi zabda 'eTTi' Adi ke hI paryAya (samAnArthaka) samajhane caahiye| isa liye 'eTTi' ko eSaNA, 'gaveTTi' ko gaveSaNA (khoja), 'pariyeTTi' ko paryeSaNa (bAra-bAra khojanA)-yoM isa taraha yahA~ zabdayojanA kara lenI caahiye| aba evamAdInaM ca pApadhammAnaM yahA~ Aye 'Adi' zabda se dIghanikAya ke brahmajAlasutta meM parigaNita una aneka pApa-dharmoM kA bhI saMgrahaNa kara lenA caahiye| jaise vahA~ kahA hai "yahA~ samAja meM pratiThita kucha zramaNa-brAhmaNa bhI gRhastha janoM dvArA zraddhA se pradatta bhojana khAkara aisI Ter3hI-mer3hI (tiryak yoni koTi kI) durUha vidyAoM kA sahArA lete hue mithyA AjIvikAoM se apanA jIvana nirvAha karate haiN| jaise-hAtha Adi aGga dekhakara bhaviSya batAnA, (jyotiSa grahagaNita), utpAta (daivI yA prAkRtika ghaTanAoM ke zakuna-apazakuna), svapna kA phala batAnA, sAmudrikazAstra ke lakSaNa, cUhoM dvArA kutare gaye kapar3e dekhakara unakA zubhAzubha phala batAnA, kisa prakAra ke kAThadravya se havana karane para yaha phala hotA hai'-(agnihavana) Adi batAnA, kisa karachula (dI) se kauna havana kaisA phaladAyaka hotA hai (darvI.-homa) btaanaa|" isa prakAra AjIvikA ke liye prajJapta ina chaha zikSApadoM kA vyatikrama karanA, 'kuhana, . lapana, naimittikatA, lAbha se lAbha ko khojanA Adi prakAra ke akuzala dharmoM se kI gayI jo mithyA

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1.sIlanidesa 45 pApadhammAnaM vasena pavatto micchAjIvo, yA tasmA sabbappakArA pi micchAjIvA virati, idaM aajiivpaarisuddhisiilN| tatrAyaM vacanattho-etaM Agamma jIvantI ti aajiivo| ko so? pccypriyesnvaayaamo|paarisuddhii ti prisuddhtaa|aajiivss pArisuddhi aajiivpaarisuddhi| (gha) paccayasannissitasIlaM 32. yaM panetaM tadanantaraM paccayasannissitasIlaM vuttaM, tattha paTisaGghA yoniso ti| upAyena pathena paTisaGkhAya / JatvA, paccavekkhitvA ti attho| ettha ca 'sItassa paTighAtAyA' ti AdinA nayena vuttapaccavekSaNameva "yoniso paTisaGkhA" ti veditabbaM / tattha cIvaraM ti|antrvaaskaadiisuyN kinyci| paTisevatIti / paribhuJjati, nivAseti vA, pArupati vaa|yaavdevaa ti| payojanAvadhiparicchedananiyamavacanaM / ettakameva hi yogino cIvarapaTisevane payojanaM yadidaM sItassa paTighAtAyA ti Adi, na ito bhiyyo| sItassA ti| ajjhattadhAtukkhobhavasena vA bahiddhAutupariNAmanavasena vA uppannassa yasya kassaci siitss| paTighAtAyA ti| paTihananatthaM / yathA sarIre AbAdhaM na uppAdeti, evaM tassa AjIvikA haiM', una sabhI taraha kI mithyA AjIvikAoM se jo virati hai-yaha 'AjIvapArizuddhizIla' hai| 'AjIvaparizuddhizIla' zabda kA sarala artha yaha hai-jisake sahAre jIte haiM vaha kahalAtA hai 'AjIva' | vaha kyA hai? cIvara Adi DhU~r3hane kA prayAsa / arthAt pratyayaparyeSaNavyAyAma (prytn)| pArizuddhi' kahate haiM parizuddhatA ko| yoM yaha AjIva kI parizuddhi hI 'AjIvapArizuddhi' kahalAtI hai| (gha) pratyayasanizcita zIla 32. isake pazcAt jo yaha pratyayasannizrita zIla kahA gayA hai vahA~ (isa prasaGga ke pAlipATha' meM Aye) paTisajA yoniso kA artha hai-upAya se, patha (zAstrokta vidhi) se evaM pratisaGkhyAna (ThIkaThIka gaNanA) se, jAnakara, pratyavekSaNa kr| yahA~ 'yoniso paTisaGkhAya' kA artha "zIta ke pratighAta (nAza) ke liye" Adi pAli-pATha meM kathita vidhi se pratyavekSaNa karanA yonizaH pratisaGkhyAna hai-aisA samajhanA caahiye| vahA~ cIvaraM antaravAsaka (cIvara ke nIce pahanane kA choTA vastra aNDara vIyara) Adi meM jo koI bhI vastra / paTisevati-upabhoga karatA hai, pahanatA hai, or3hatA hai| yAvadeva (kevl)| yaha zabda prayojana (AvazyakatA) kI avadhi (sImA) ke paricchedaka niyama ko dyotita karatA hai| arthAt yogAvacara ke cIvara Adi dhAraNa karane kA itanA hI prayojana hai ki jitane mAtra se usake zarIra ko lagane vAle zIta (ThaNDa) Adi dUra raha sake, ise adhika nhiiN| sItassa-zarIra ke Antarika dhAtukSobha (jvara Adi) ke kAraNa yA RtupariNAmAdijanya bAhya dhAtukSobha se utpanna jisa kisI taraha 1. vaha pAli-pATha isa prakAra hai- "idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu (ka) paTisaGkhA yoniso cIvaraM paTisevati, yAvadeva sItassa paTighAtAya, uNhassa paTighAtAya, DaMsamakasavAtAtapasiriMsapasamphassAnaM paTighAtAya, yAnadeva hirikopInapaTicchAdanatyaM / (kha) paTisasA yoniso piNDapAtaM paTisevati, ne davAya, na madAya, na maNDanAya, na vibhUsanAya, yAvadeva imassa kAyassa ThitiyA yApanAya, vihiMsUparatiyA, brahmacariyAnuggahAya, iti purANaM ca vedanaM paTihaGkhAmi, navaM ca vedanaM na uppAdessAmi, yAtrA ca me bhavissasati, anavajjatA ca phAsu vihAro caati| (ga) paTisaGkhA yoniso senAsanaM paTisevati, yAvadeva sItassa paTighAtAya, uNhassa paTighAtAya, DasamakasavAtAtapasirisapasamphassAnaM paTighAtAya, yAvadeva utuparissayavinodanapaTisallAnArAmatthaM / (gha) paTisaGkhA yoniso gilAnapaccayabhesajjaparikkhAraM paTisevati, yAvadeva uppannAna veyyAvAdhikAnaM vedanAnaM paTidhAtAya, avyApajjhaparamatAyA ti|" (ma0ni0 1.2.10; bauddha0bhA0saM0)

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visuddhimagga vinodanatthaM / sItabbhAhate hi sarIre vikkhittacitto yoniso padahituM na sakkoti, tasmA 'sItassa paTighAtAya cIvaraM paTisevitabba' ti bhagavA anunaasi| esa nayo sabbattha / kevalaM hettha uNhassA ti aggisntaapss| tassa vanadAhAdIsu sambhavo veditbbo| DaMsamakasavAtAtapasarIpasamphassAnaM ti| ettha pana DaMsA ti DaMsanamakkhikA, andhamakkhikA ti pi vuccnti| makasA makasA ev| vAtA ti| srj-arjaadibhedaa| Atapo ti| suuriyaatpo|sriispaa ti| ye keci sarantA gacchanti dIghajAtikA sappAdayo, tesaMdaTThasamphasso ca phuTThasamphasso cA ti duvidho samphasso, so pi cIvaraM pArupitvA nisinnaM na bAdhati, tasmA tAdisesu ThAnesu tesaM paTighAtatthAya pttisevti| yAvadevA ti| puna etassa vacanaM niyatapayojanAvadhiparicchadadassanatthaM / hirikopInapaTicchAdanaM hi niyatapayojanaM, itarAni kadAci kadAci honti| tattha hirikopInaM ti taM taM smbaadhtttthaanN| yasmi yasmi hi aGge vivariyamAne hirI kuppati vinassati, taMtaM hiriM kopanato hirikopInaM ti vuccati / tassa ca hirikopInassa paTicchAdanatthaM ti hirikopInapaTicchAdanatthaM / hirikopInaM paTicchAdanatthaM ti pi paattho| piNDapAtaM ti|yN kiJci AhAraM / yo hi koci AhAro bhikkhuno piNDolyena patte patitattA piNDapAto ti vuccti| piNDAnaM vA pAto piNDapAto, tattha tatthaM laddhAnaM bhikkhAnaM ke zIta kA / paTiyAtAya- pratihanana (nAza-dUrIkaraNa) ke liye / jisa vidhi se zarIra meM kisI prakAra kI bAdhA (roga) utpanna na ho, yA (utpanna ho jAya to) usake vinAza ke liye| zarIra ke zIta se AkrAnta hone para vyathita vikSiptacitta ho jAne ke kAraNa kArya kA sampAdana bhalIbhA~ti nahIM kara paataa| ataH bhagavAn anujJA dete haiM-"zIta se bacane ke liye cIvara kA upayoga karanA caahiye|" yahI vidhi (naya) isa prakaraNa meM sarvatra samajhanI caahiye| ataH kevala yahA~ (kucha atirikta viziSTa zabdoM kA hI vyAkhyAna kara rahe haiM)-uNhassa agnitApa (jalana) kaa| use vana-dAha Adi ke samaya sambhava jAnanA caahiye| (kisI kisI dAvAgni kA santApa zarIra ko cIvara se Acchanna kara miTAyA jA sakatA haiyaha abhiprAya hai|) uMsamakasavAtAtapasarIsapasamphassAnaM yahA~ 'DaMsa' kA artha haiM |sane vAlI mkkhii| ise lokavyavahAra meM 'andhamakkhI' kahate haiN| makasa kA artha hai macchara (=mshk)| vaat-aaNdhii| yaha dhUlabharI va vinA dhUla kI-yoM do prakAra kI hotI hai| Atapa-dhUpa, sUrya kA tApa (grmii)| sarIsapareMgane vAle aura lambI Ayu vAle sarpa aadi| unakA DaMsanA do taraha se hotA hai-dA~toM dvArA kATane se yA unake zarIra-saMsparza se bhii| yaha cIvara or3hane yA dhAraNa karane se kaTa nahIM detA; ataH vaise sthAnoM para (jahA~ sarpa Adi kA bAhulya ho) yogAvacara cIvara dhAraNa kara isa saMsparza se apanA trANa karatA hai| yAvadeva-kevala / isa zabda kA punaH prayoga (cIvaradhAraNa kI) avadhi dyotita karane ke liye hai| (vastutaH) guptAGgoM kA AcchAdana isakA nizcita prayojana hai| anya prayojana to kabhI-kabhI (vizeSa avasaroM) ke liye haiN| vahA~ hirikopIna kA artha hai-guptAGga (zitra, gudA) Adi vaha vaha ljjaa-sthaan| arthAt jisa-jisa aja ke anAvRta (khule rahane para) lajjA (hI) bAdhita hotI ho, vinaSTa hotI ho, vaha vaha ana.lajjAbAdhaka hone ke kAraNa, hirikopIna' kahalAtA hai| yahA~ usa hirikopIna ke praticchAdana' ke artha meM hirikopIna-paTicchAdanatthaM isa samasta pada kA prayoga huA hai| koI-koI yahA~ hirikopIna ko praticchAdana ke liye aisA dvitIyAsamAsaprayukta pATha bhI mAnate haiN| piNDapAtaM-1.jo kucha bhI AhAra vaha "piNDapAta' kahalAtA hai| 2. bhikSuoM ko bhikSA ke liye vicarate samaya (-piNDolya) pAtra meM girane ke kAraNa bhI yaha 'piNDapAta' kahalAtA hai| athavA

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1. sIlaniddesa sannipAta samUho ti vRttaM hoti / neva davAyA ti / na gAmadArakAdayo viya davatthaM, kILAnimittaM tivRttaM hoti / na madAyAti / na muTThikamallAdayo viya madatthaM, balamadanimittaM porisamadanimittaM cAtivRttaM hoti / na maNDanAyA ti / na antepurikavesiyAdayo viya maNDanatthaM, aGgapaccaGgAnaM paNa bhAvanimittaM ti vRttaM hoti / na vibhUsanAyA ti / na naTanaccakAdayo viya vibhUsanatthaM, pasanacchavivaNNatAnimittaM ti vuttaM hoti / ettha ca 'neva davAyA' ti etaM mohUpanissayappahAnatthaM vRttaM / 'na madAyA' ti etaM dosUpanissayappahAnatthaM / 'na maNDanAya na vibhUsanAyA' ti etaM rAgUpanissayappahAnatthaM / 'neva davAya na maNDanAyA' ti cetaM attano saMyojanuppattipaTisedhanatthaM / 'na maNDanAya na vibhUsanAyA' ti etaM parassa pi saMyojanuppattipaTisedhanatthaM / catUhi pi cehi ayoniso paTipattiyA kAmasukhallikAnuyogassa ca pahAnaM vuttaM ti veditabbaM / 47 yAvadevAti vattatthameva / imassa kAyassA ti / etassa catumahAbhUtikassa rUpakAyassa / ThitiyA ti / pabandhaTThitatthaM / yApanAyA ti / pavattiyA avicchedatthaM, cirakAlaTThitatthaM vA / gharUpatthambhamiva hi jiNNagharasAmiko akkhabbhaJjanamiva ca sAkaTiko kAyassa .ThitatthaM yApanatthaM cesa piNDapAtaM paTisevati, na davamadamaNDanavibhUsanatthaM / api ca ThitI ti jIvitindriyassetaM adhivacanaM / tasmA imassa kAyassa ThitiyA yApanAyA ti etAvatA etassa kAyassa jIvitindriyapavattApanatthaM ti pi vRttaM hotI ti veditabbaM / vihiMsUparatiyA - 3. piNDoM (grAsa do grAsa mAtra anna) kA pAta 'piNDapAta' kahalAtA hai| isakA artha huA vahA~-vahA~ prApta bhikSA kA snnipaat=smuuh'| neva davAya kA artha hai-grAmabAlakoM kI taraha krIr3A (=dava) ke liye nahIM / na madAya kA artha hai-pahalavAnoM kI taraha zarIra kA mada (zakti) bar3hAne ke liye nahIM / zAstra meM 'mada' zabda kA prayoga do arthoM meM hotA hai- 1. balamada aura 2. pauruSamada / isa prasaGga meM ina donoM madoM kA hI grahaNa granthakArasammata hai| na maNDanAya - na antaHpura meM rahane vAlI striyoM kI taraha zArIrika zobhA (chavi maNDala) bar3hAne ke liye, tAki zarIra ke aGga-pratyaGga aura adhika sundara (prINana bhAva vAle) lgeN| na vibhUsanAya na naTa yA nartakoM (nAcanevAloM) kI taraha zarIra ko vibhUSita karane hetu zarIra kI zobhA (prasanna chavi) bar3hAne ke liye / atha ca - yahA~ 'neva davAya' - yaha pada mohasambandhI upanizraya ke prahANa, 'na madAya' - yaha pada dveSasambandhI upanizraya ....evaM 'na maNDanAya na vibhUsanAya' - yaha pada mohasambandhI upanizraya ke prahANa hetu kahA gayA hai| 'neva davAya na madAya' yaha padasamUha svakIya saMyojanoM (bandhanoM) ke utpAda kA pratiSedha karane ke liye, aura 'na maNDanAya na vibhUsanAya' yaha padasamUha parakIya saMyojanotpAda ke pratiSedha ke liye prayukta hue haiN| aura ina cAroM se milakara, ayathArtha pratipatti (jJAna) evaM kAmasukhallikAnuyoga kA prahANa batAyA gayA hai - aisA jAnanA cAhiye / J yAvadeva - isakA pUrvokta hI artha hai / imassa kAyassa- isa cAra mahAbhUtoM se niSpanna rUpakAya kA / ThitiyA - nirantara sthita rahane ke liye / yApanAya - jIvanapravAha ko avicchinna banAye rakhane ke liye yA cirakAla taka sthita rahane ke liye| jIrNagRha ke svAmI ke ghara meM khambhA (thambha stambha) lagAne kI taraha, yA gAr3IvAna kI gAr3I ke dhure meM tela lagAne kI taraha isa kAyA kI sthiti yA nirvAha ke liye piNDapAta kA sevana karatA hai; krIr3A, mada, maNDana kA alaGkaraNa ke liye nahIM apitu yahA~ 'sthiti' zabda jIvitendriya ke paryAya ke rUpa meM prayukta huA hai| isaliye uparyukta itane vyAkhyAna ke sahAre, 'imassa kAyassa ThitiyA, yApanAya' kA artha 'jIvitendriya ke pravartana ko banAye rakhane ke liye'- yaha bhI

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visuddhimagga ti| vihiMsA nAma jighacchA AbAdhaTena; tassA uparamatthaM pesa piNDapAtaM paTisevati, vaNAlepanamiva uNhasItAdIsu tappaTikAraM viya c| brahmacariyAnuggahAyA ti| sakalasAsanabrahmacariyassa ca maggabrahmacariyassa ca anuggahatthaM / ayaM hi piNDapAtapaTisevanapaccayA kAyabalaM nissAya sikkhattayAnuyogavasena bhavakantAranittharaNatthaM paTipajjanto brahmacariyAnuggahAya paTisevati, kantAranittharaNatthikA puttamaMsaM viya, nadInittharaNatthikA kullaM viya, samuddanittharaNatthikA nAvamiva c|| iti purANaM ca vedanaM paTihaGkhAmi navaM ca vedanaM na uppAdessAmI ti| evaM iminA piNDapAtapaTisevanena purANaM ca jighacchAvedanaM paTihaGkhAmi, navaM ca vedanaM aparimitabhojanapacvayaM Aharahatthaka-alaMsATaka-tatravaTTaka-kAkamAsaka-bhuttavamitakabrAhmaNAnaM aJjataro viya na uppAdessAmI ti pi paTisevati, bhesajjamiva gilAno / atha vA-yA adhunA asappAyAparimita-bhojanaM nissAya purANakammapaccayavasena uppajjanato purANavedanA ti vuccati, sappAyaparimitabhojanena tassA paccayaM vinAsento taM purANaM ca vedanaM paTihaGkhAmi / yA cAyaM adhunA kataM ayuttaparibhogakammUpacayaM nissAya AyatiM uppajanato navavedanA ti vuccati, yuttaparibhogavasena tassA mUlaM anibbattento taM navaM ca vedanaM na uppAdessAmI ti evaM pettha samajhanA caahiye| vihiMsUparatiyA- yahA~ 'vihiMsA' kA artha hai roga / roga se bacane ke liye bhii| vaha piNDapAta kA upabhoga karatA hai ghAva (vraNa) para marahama ke lepana ke samAna evaM sardI-garmI Adi hone para unake pratIkAra ke samAna / brahmacariyAnaggahAya-samasta baddhazAsana meM (nihita) brahmacarya evaM mArga ke rUpa meM brahmacarya kA pAlana karane ke liye / vaha piNDapAta-sevana ke phalasvarUpa prApta zarIra-bala ke sahAre (adhizIla, adhicitta, adhiprajJa-isa) zikSAtraya kI pUrti meM lage rahane se, bhavakAntAra ko pAra karane meM sannaddha rahate hue, brahmacarya kA pAlana karane ke liye sevana karatA hai; jaise registAna pAra karane kA icchuka vyakti bhUkha miTAne ke liye apane putra ke mAMsa ko bhI khAne kA yA nadI ke pAra jAne kA icchuka kisI ber3e kA yA samudrapAragamanecchu kisI bar3I naukA kA sahArA letA hai| iti purA ca vedanaM paTihavAmi navaM ca vedanaM uppAdessAmi- 'yo isa piNDapAtapratisevana se purAnI jighatsAvedanA (bhUkha ke anubhava) ko nivRtta karU~gA aura isa piNDapAta ke adhika pratisevana se hone vAle kisI naye roga ko paidA nahIM hone dUMgA' yaha socakara piNDapAta kA sevana karatA hai, jaise koI rogI pathya yA auSadha kA alpa yA ucita mAtrA meM hI upayoga karatA ho| yahA~ piNDapAta ke atisevana se hone vAle kucha roga, jo ki sAmAnyataH usa samaya ke bhojanabhaTTa brAhmaNoM meM huA karate the, AcArya ne yoM ginAye haiM, jaise-1. Aharahatthaka (adhika bhojana ke kAraNa dUsaroM ke hAtha kA sahArA lekara uThanA); 2. alaMsATaka (atibhojana ke kAraNa, dhotI DhIlI hone para punaH bA~dhane meM asamartha honA); 3. tatravaTTaka (ati bhojana se uThane meM asamartha ho usI jagaha leTa jAnA): 4. kAkamAMsaka (atibhojana se zvAsa lene meM asamartha aise mu~ha khola kara sonA ki usake khule mu~ha meM kauA bhI apanI cauMca DAlakara usake gale se khAyA anna nikAla le) evaM 5. bhuttavamitaka (jo adhika khAkara mukha meM rakhane meM asamartha ho aura vahIM vamana kara de)| __athavA, isa vAkya kA artha yoM kIjiye- 'pUrva karma ke kAraNa (pratyaya) vaza evaM isa samaya anucita va atyadhika bhojana ke pariNAmasvarUpa utpanna hone se jo purAnI vedanA kahI jAtI hai, ucita parimita bhojana se usa purAnI vedanA ke pratyaya kA vinAza karate hue 'usa purAnI vedanA ko dUra karU~gA' evaM 'jo isa samaya kiye gaye ayukta paribhoga-karma ke phalasvarUpa Age utpanna hone se nayI

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49 1. sIlaniddesa attho dtttthbbo| ettAvatA yuttaparibhogasaGgaho, attakilamathAnuyogappahAnaM, dhammikasukhApariccAgo ca dIpito hotI ti veditbbo| yAtrA ca me bhavissatI ti|primitpribhogen jIvitindriyupacchedakassa iriyApathabhaJjakassa vA parissayassa abhAvato cirakAlagamanasamAtA yAtrA ca me bhavissati imassa paccayAttavuttino kAyassA ti pi paTisevati, yApyarogI viya tappaccayaM / anavajjatA ca phAsuvihAro cA ti| ayuttapariyesanapaTiggahaNaparibhogaparivajanena anavajatA, parimitaparibhogena phaasuvihaaro| asappAyAparimitaparibhogapaccayA arati-tandI-vijambhitAviJjagarahAdidosAbhAvena vA anavajjatA, sappAyaparimitabhojanapaccayA kAyabalasambhavena phaasuvihaaro| yAvadatthauda-rAvadehakabhojanaparivajanena vA seyyasukhapassasukhamiddhasukhAnaM pahAnato anavajjatA, catupaJcA-lopamattaUnabhojanena catuiriyApathayogyabhAvapaTipAdanato phAsuvihAro ca me bhavissatI ti pi pttisevti| vuttaM pi hetaM "cattAro paJca Alope abhutvA udakaM pive| alaM phAsuvihArAya pahitattassa bhikkhuno" ti|| (khu0 2-366) ettAvatA ca payojanapariggaho, majjhimA ca paTipadA dIpitA hotI ti veditbbaa| senAsanaM ti|senN ca AsanaM c| yattha yattha hi seti vihAre vA aDDayogAdimhi vA, vedanA kahI jAtI hai, yukta paribhoga se usake mUla ko hI na utpanna hone dekara usa nayI vedanA ko bhI utpanna na kruuNgaa| yahA~ taka (ke vyAkhyAna) se yukta (ucita) paribhoga kA saMgraha, AtmaklamathAnuyogaprahANa evaM dhArmika sukha kA aparityAga-yaha saba vyAkhyAta huA-aisA samajhanA caahiye| yAtrA ca me bhavissati- 'parimita (ucita) paribhoga se jIvitendriya kA upaccheda (mRtyu) yA IryApatha ko bAdhita karane vAle upadrava (parizraya) ke abhAva se cirakAla taka calate rahanA ( gamana yA jIte rahanA) kahalAne vAlI merI jIvanayAtrA hotI rahegI aisA socakara piNDapAta kA sevana karatA hai; jaise gambhIra rogI auSadha kA sevana karatA ho| anavajjatA ca phAsuvihAro ca- ayukta ke paryeSaNa evaM paribhoga kA tyAga karane se anavadyatA; parimita paribhoga karane se sukhavihAra / athavA-anucita, aparimita paribhoga ke pratyaya se (utpanna) zarIrabala se udbhUta udAsI, tandrA, jamhAI-ina vidvannindita doSoM ke abhAva se anavadyatA; evaM ucita parimita bhojana ke pratyaya se utpanna zarIrabala ke utpAda se sukhavihAra / athavA-jitanA ho sake utanA tUMsa-ThUsa kara bhojana karane ke parivarjana se zayyAsukha, pArzvasukha (Alasya vA khATa para par3e rahanA), mRddha (tandrAyukta Alasya) sukha ke prahANa se anavadyatA: ('jitanI bhUkha ho usase) cAra-pA~ca .. grAsa bhojana kama kara zarIra ko cAroM IryApathoM ke anukUla banAne se merI sAdhanA sukhapUrvaka hotI raheMgI'-yaha (socakara) bhI sevana karatA hai| tripiTaka meM yaha bhI kahA hai ("bhojana meM) cAra-pA~ca grAsa kama khAkara (usake sthAna para) jala pI le-yahI usa nirvANahetu prayAsarata bhikSu kI sukhapUrvikA sAdhanA meM paryApta (sahAyaka) hogaa|" __ itane vyAkhyAna se prayojana kA pratigraha evaM madhyamA pratipadA kA vyAkhyAna huA-yaha jAnanA caahiye| senAsanaM- zayana aura aasn| bhikSu jahA~ jahA~ zayanakriyA kare, phira bhale hI vaha vihAra ho

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50 visuddhimagga taM senaM / yattha yattha Asati nisIdati, taM aasnN| taM ekato katvA senAsanaM ti vuccti| utuparissayavinodanapaTisallAnArAmatthaM ti| parisahanaTena utu yeva utuprissyo| utuparissayassa vinodanatthaM ca paTisallAnArAmatthaM c| yo sarIrAbAdhacittavikkhepakaro asappAyo utu senAsanapaTisevanena vinodetabbo hoti, tassa vinodanatthaM ekIbhAvasukhatthaM cA ti vuttaM hoti| kAmaM ca sItapaTighAtAdinA va utuparissayavinodaM vuttmev| yathA pana cIvarapaTisevane hirikopInapaTicchAdanaM niyatapayojanaM, itarAni kadAci kadAci bhavanto ti vuttaM, evamidhApi niyataM utuparissayavinodanaM sandhAya idaM vuttaM ti veditabbaM / atha vA-ayaM vuttappakAro utu utu yev| parissayo pana duvidho-pAkaTaparissayo ca, paTicchannaparissayo c| tattha pAkaTaparissayo sIhabyagghAdayo, paTicchannaparissayo raagdosaadyo| te yattha apariguttiyA ca asappAyarUpadassanAdinA ca AbAdhaM na karonti, taM senAsanaM evaM jAnitvA paccavekkhitvA paTisevanto bhikkhu paTisaGghA yoniso senAsanaM utuparissayavinodanatthaM paTisevatI ti veditbbo| gilAnapaccayabhesajjaparikkhAraM ti| ettha rogassa paTiayanaTena paccayo, paccanIkagamanadvainA ti attho| yassa kassaci sappAyassetaM adhivcnN| bhisakkassa kamma tena anujJAtattA ti bhesjN| gilAnapaccayo va bhesajjaM gilaanpccybhesjjN| yaM kiJci yA ahayoga Adi ho vaha 'zayana' kahalAtA hai| jahA~-jahA~ bhI vaha AsIna hotA hai baiThatA hai vaha 'Asana' kahalAtA hai| ve donoM mila kara 'zayanAsana' kahe jAte haiN| utuparissayavinodanapaTisAlAnArAmatthaM-Rtu hI Rtuparizraya hai| Rtu ke parizraya (upadrava) ko dUra haTAne evaM citta ko sukhapUrvaka ekAgra karane (paTisallAna) ke liye| jo zarIra meM roga tathA citta kA vikSepa kara vighna hote haiM unheM Rtu, zayana Asana Adi ke ucita sevana se dUra karanA caahiye| isa (Rtuparizraya) ko niSprabhAva karane ke liye tathA ekAgratA-sukha kI prApti ke liye isa zabdasamUha kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi sAdhAraNataH zItapratighAtAdi ke rUpa meM Rtuparizraya ko niSprabhAva karanA pahale bhI vyAkhyAnaprasaGga meM kahA jA cukA hai, kintu jaise cIvara ke upayogasambandhI vyAkhyAna meM hI kaupInAcchAdana ko cIvara kA niyata prayojana batAyA gayA hai, bAkI prayojana to kAdAcitka hI kahe gaye haiM, usI prakAra isa vyAkhyAnaprasaGga meM bhI niyata Rtuparizraya kA dUrIkaraNa (zayanAsana meM) batAne ke liye yaha kahA gayA hai-aisA jAnanA caahiye| athavA yoM bhI vyAkhyAna kiyA jA sakatA hai-Rtu kA vyAkhyAna to sAdhAraNataH jo hotA hai vahI hai| hA~, usakA parizraya do prakAra kA hai- 1. prakaTaparizraya aura 2. pracchannaparizraya / unameM, siMha vyAghrAdi prakaTaparizraya ke rUpa meM dekhe jAte haiM aura rAga-dveSa Adi pracchannaparizraya ke rUpa meM / ve jahA~ chipakara na rahane va ayukta rUpadarzana Adi ke kAraNa bAdhA na pahu~cAte hoM (kyoMki vyAghrAdi to chipakara na rahane evaM rAga-dvaSAdi ayukta rUpadarzana se hI bAdhA pahuMcAte haiN)| usa zayana-Asana ko yoM jAnakara, soca-vicAra kara sevana karane vAlA bhikSu Rtuparizraya ko niSprabhAva karane ke liye prajJA se samyaktayA jAnakara zayanAsana kA upayoga karatA hai-isa prakAra samajhanA caahiye| gilAnappaccayabhesajjaparikkhAraM- yahA~ roga ke pratyayana (vipakSa) artha meM 'pratyaya' kA prayoga hai| isakA artha hai- (roga ke) viruddha honA / jo kucha bhI (roga ke viruddha) yukta hai, pathya (sappAya) hai, anukUla hai-usakA yaha adhivacana (paryAya) hai| isake dvArA bhiSaka (vaidya) kA cikitsAkarma anujJAta

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51 gilAnassa sappAyaM bhisakkakammaM telamadhuphANitAdI ti vuttaM hoti| parikkhAro ti pana "sattahi nagaraparikkhArehi suparikkhataM hoti" (aM03-234)ti AdIsu parikkhAro vuccti| "ratho sIlaparikkhArehi jhAnakkho cakkavIriyo"(saM04-7)ti AdIsu alngkaaro| "ye ca kho ime pabbajitena jIvitaparikkhArA samudAnetabbA" (ma01-141)ti AdIsu sambhAro: idha pana sambhAro pi parivAro pi vaTTati taM hi gilAnapaccayabhesajjaM jIvitassa parivAro pi hoti, jIvitanAsakAbAdhuppattiyA antaraM adatvA rakkhaNato sambhAro pi| yathA cira pavattati, evamassa kAraNabhAvato, tasmA parikkhAro ti vuccati / evaM gilAnapaccayabhesajjaM ca taM parikkhAro cA ti gilAnapaccayabhesajjaparikkhAro, taM gilAnapaccayabhesajjaparikkhAraM gilAnassa yaM kiJci sappAyaM bhisakkAnuJAtaM telamadhuphANitAdijIvitaparikkhAraM ti vuttaM hoti| uppannAnaM ti| jAtAnaM bhUtAnaM nibbttaanN| veyyAbAdhikAnaM ti| ettha byAbAdho ti dhAtukkhobho, taM samuTThAnA ca kutttthgnnddpilkaadyo| byAbAdhato uppannatA veshyaabaadhikaa| vedanAnaM ti| dukkhavedanA akusalavipAkavedanA, tAsaM veyyAnAdhikAra vednaanN| abyAba'jhaparamatAyA ti| niDhukkhaparamatAya / yAva taM dukkhaM sabbaM pahInaM hoti tAvA ti attho / hotA hai, ataH yaha bhaiSajya hai| glAna (rogI) kA pratyaya (pathya) hI 'bhaiSajya hai, ataH yaha 'glAnapratyayabhaiSajya' hai| rogI kI jo kucha bhI pathyAnukUla oSadhiyA~ haiM jaise taila, madhu, ghRta, phANita (=phena se utpanna vastu / ghRta bhI dUdha ke phena se nikalatA hai, ataH 'phANita' kahalAtA hai)-sabhI 'bhaiSajya' kahalAtI haiN| pariSkAra-yaha zabda tripiTaka meM sthAna-sthAna para kaI arthoM meM prayukta huA hai| jaise-"sAta nagarapariSkAroM' se supariSkRta hotA hai" (a0ni0 3-234) Adi sthAnoM meM pariSkAra' zabda parivAra (khAI se ghire rahanA) artha meM prayukta huA hai| "AryamArgarUpI ratha zIlapariSkAra se sampanna hai, dhyAna bhAvanA isakI dhurI evaM usa bhAvanA kI prApti ke liye udyoga (vIrya) karanA usakA cakra hai"-yahA~ pariSkAra zabda alaGkAra (AbhUSaNa) artha meM prayukta hai|"prvrjit ke dvArA ye jIvanapariSkAra (jIvanasAdhana) juTAne yogya hai"-yahA~ parikAra' zabda 'sAdhana'-artha meM prayukta hai| parantu prastuta prasaGga meM isa zabda kA 'sambhAra' (saMgraha) yA 'parivAra' artha hI ucita hai; kyoMki vaha glAnapratyayabhaiSajya jIvana kA sAdhana bhI hotA hai aura jIvana-nAzaka rogoM kI utpatti ke liye avasara na dete hue, rakSA karane se 'sambhAra' bhI hotA hai| cirakAla taka calate rahane kA kAraNa hone se 'pariSkAra' kahA jAtA hai| yoM, vaha glAnapratyayabhaiSajya bhI hai aura pariSkAra bhI, ataH yaha huA 'glaanprtyybhaissjyprisskaar'| usako vaidyoM dvArA anujJAta taila, madhu, ghRta Adi jo kucha bhI auSadha haiM unheM 'jIvana-pariSkAra' kahA gayA hai| uppannAnaM- janme huoM kA , prAdurbhUta huoM kA, nivRtta huoM kaa| veyyAvAdhikAnaM yahA~ vyAbAdhA kA artha hai zarIragata dhAtukSobha evaM utpanna kuSTharoga, galagaNDa yA vraNa Adi vikAra / vyAbAdhA se utpanna huA 'vaiyAbAdhika kahalAtA hai| vedanAnaM duHkhAtmaka vedanA yA akuzala-vipAka vedanA kaa| avyAvajjhaparamatAya- duHkharahita hone ke liye| arthAt jaba taka vaha roganimittaka duHkha sarvAtmakatayA nirmUla na ho taba taka ke liye (-yaha artha) samajhanA caahiye| 5. anukathA meM ye sAta 'nagarapariSkAra' batAye gaye haiM; jaise- (1) esikA (indrakIla). (2) khAI. (1) vistRta mArga.(4) vizAla AyubhANDAgAra, (5) senA, (6) catura dvArapAla aura (7) U~cI va caur3I cahAradIvArI parantu a0 ni0 (7. 7. 3) meM isa gaNanA meM kucha bhinnatA dikhAyI detI hai| jaise-(1) kivAr3a, (2) khAI. (3) nIva, (4) cahAradIvArI (prAkAra). (5) indrakIla. (6) caukhaTa evaM (7) cahAradIvArI kA dviguNa yA triguNa vistAra /

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visuddhimagga evamidaM saLepato paTisalA yoniso paccayaparibhogalakkhaNaM paccayasanissitasIlaM veditabbaM / vacanattho panettha-cIvarAdayo hi yasmA te paTicca nissAya paribhuJjamAnA pANino ayanti pavattanti, tasmA paccayA ti vuccnti| te paccaye sannissitaM ti pccysnnissitN|| catupArisuddhisampAdanavidhi 1. pAtimokkhasaMvarasuddhisampAdanavidhi 33. evametasmiM catubbidhe sIle saddhAya pAtimokkhasaMvaro smpaadetbbo| saddhAsAdhano hi so, sAvakavisayAtItattA sikkhaapdpnyttiyaa| sikkhApadapattiyAcanapaTikkhepo cettha nidassanaM / tasmA yathA paJjattaM sikkhApadaM anavasesaMsaddhAya samAdiyitvA jIvite pi apekkhaM akarontena sAdhukaM sampAdetabbaM / vuttaM pi hetaM "kikI va aNDaM camarI va vAladhiM, piyaM va puttaM nayanaM va ekkN| tatheva sIlaM anurakkhamAnakA supesalA hotha sadA sAgaravA" ti|| aparaM pi vuttaM-"(seyyathApi mahAsamuddo Thitadhammo nAtivakAmati) evameva kho, pahArAda, yaM mayA sAvakAnaM sikkhApadaM paJattaM, taM mama sAvakA jIvitahetu pi nAtikamantI" (aM0ni0 3-309) ti|imsmi ca panatthe aTaviyaM corehi baddhatherAnaM vatthUni veditbbaani| mahAvattaniaTaviyaM kira theraM corA kALavallIhi bandhitvA nipjjpesuN| thero yathAnipanno yoM, saMkSepa meM yaha pratisaGkhyAna (sUkSma vizleSaNa) se bhalI-bhA~ti samajhakara pratyayaparibhoga vAle pratyayasanizrita zIla ko jAnanA caahiye| ukta vAkyAvali kA saralArtha yaha hai kyoMki unake pratyaya (kAraNa) se paribhoga karate hue prANI calate haiM, apane jIvana meM gati lAte haiM, ataH cIvara Adi "pratyaya' kahe jAte haiN| una pratyayoM se sannitrita (sambaddha) zIla 'pratyayasanizrita' kahalAtA hai| cAra parizuddhisampAdanavidhiyA~ (1) pratimokSasaMvarazuddhisampAdanavidhi 33. yoM, isa uparyukta caturvidha zIla meM zraddhA dvArA prAtimokSasaMvara pUrNa karanA cAhiye; kyoMki usa zIla kI prApti meM zraddhA hI sAdhana (sahArA) hai| naye zikSApadoM kI prajJapti (racanA, va usakA dUsaroM ko upadeza) zrAvaka ke adhikAra se bAhara kI bAta hai| isameM (vinayapiTaka-pArAjika khaNDa meM AyI) AyuSmAn sAriputra dvArA bhagavAn se naye zikSApadoM kI prajJapti kI yAcanA para bhagavAna dvArA usakA niSedha batalAne vAlI kathA hI pramANa (nidarzana) hai| isaliye (bhagavAn dvArA) jaise bhI zikSApada (sAdhanAvidhi) prajJapsa haiM una para pUrNa zraddhA rakhate hue, apane jIvana ko bhI dAva para lagA kara, unako pUrNa karane kA prayAsa karanA caahiye| kyoMki kahA bhI hai "jaise TiTaharI (pakSI) apane aNDe kI, camarI (jAti kI gau) apanI pU~cha kI, mAtA (apane ikalaute) putra kI, kANA (apanI bacI) eka A~kha kI rakSA karatA hai; vaise hI tuma apane zIla kI rakSA karate hue (usake prati) prema aura gaurava rakhane vAle bno|| aura (aGguttaranikAya 3-309 meM) bhI kahA hai- ("jaise mahAsamudra apane sthAna para sthita rahatA huA apane taTa ko kabhI nahIM lA~ghatA:) usI taraha prabAda! maiMne apane zrAvakoM ke liye jo zikSApada prajJapta kiye haiM, unheM ve apane jIvana para saGkaTa Ane para bhI, atikrAnta nahIM krte"| isa prasaGga ko pramANita karane ke liye (tripiTaka meM AyI) vana meM coroM dvArA zRGkhalAbaddha bhikSuoM kI -kathAe~ prastuta karanI caahiye| (jaise-)

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1. sIlaniddesa 53 va satta divasAni vaDhDhetvA anAgAmiphalaM pApuNitvA tattheva kAlaM katvA brahmaloke nibbatti / aparaM pitheraM tambapaNidIpe pUtilatAya bandhitvA nipajjApesuM / so vanadAhe Agacchante valliM acchinditvA va vipassanaM paTTapetvA samasIsI hutvA parinibbAyi / dIghabhANakaabhayatthero hi bhikkhusatehi saddhiM Agacchanto disvA therassa sarIraM jhApetvA cetiyaM kArApesi / tasmA aJJo pi saddho kulaputto pAtimokkhaM visodhento appeva jIvitaM jahe / paJJattaM lokanAthena na bhinde sIlasaMvaraM // 2. indriyasaMvarasuddhisampAdanavidhi 34. yathA ca pAtimokkhasaMvaro saddhAya, evaM satiyA indriyasaMvaro sampAdetabbo / satisAdhano hi so, satiyA adhiTThitAnaM indriyAnaM abhijjhAdIhi ananvArasavanIyato / tasmA "varaM, bhikkhave, tattAya ayosalAkAya AdittAya sampajjalitAya sajotibhUtAya cakkhundriyaM sampalimaTTha, na tveva cakkhuviJjeyyesu rUpesu anubyaJjanaso nimittaggAho" (saM0 3 - 152) ti AdinA nayena AdittapariyAyaM samanussaritvA rUpAdisu visayesu (1) mahAvartanI aTavI (vindhyATavI yA himAlaya ke pArzvasthita kisI parvata kI upatyakA ke unapradeza) meM kAlavallI (koI vizeSa latA) se bA~dha kara sthavira ko liTA diyaa| sthavira ne usI avasthA meM (leTe hI leTe) sAta hI dinoM meM vipazyanA bar3hAkara anAgAmiphala prApta karate hue vahIM svazarIra tyAga kara brahmaloka meM avatAra liyaa| (2) eka anya sthavira ko bhI cauroM ne pUtilatA (giloya bela) se bA~dhakara vahIM paTaka diyaa| bAda meM usa sthavira ne, vana meM Aga laga jAne para latA ko vinA tor3e hI (kyoMki harI latA ko tor3anA zikSApadoM meM pAcittiya doSa mAnA gayA hai) vipazyanA kara ke jIvitasamasIsI ('yA to merI mRtyu hI hogI yA isa saGkalpa ko hI pUrA karUMgA' - aise dRr3ha nizcayI hokara nirvANa prApta kara liyA / dIrghabhANaka ( dIghanikAya ko kaNThataH sunAne vAle) abhaya - sthavira ne pA~ca sau bhikSuoM ke sAtha Ate hue, usa nirvANaprApta bhikSu ko usa avasthA meM dekhakara usake zarIra kA saMskAra karate hue usa para caitya banavA diyaa| ataH anya zraddhAvAn kulaputra ko bhI prAtimokSa (bhikSuniyamoM) kA, , jaisA ki bhagavAn ne unheM prajJapta kiyA hai, vizuddha hRdaya se pAlana karate hue, bhale hI isa karttavyapUrti meM usake prANa hI kyoM na cale jA~ya, zIlasaMvara kA ullakhana kadApi nahIM karanA cAhiye / (2) indriyasaMvarazuddhisampAdanavidhi 34. jaise prAtimokSasaMvarazIla kA pAlana smRti ke sahAre hotA hai vaise hI indriyasaMvarazIla kA pAlana bhI smRti ke sahAre sampanna karanA cAhiye; kyoMki usa saMvara kI rakSA meM smRti kA hI sahArA hai| ataH smRti se adhiSThita hone ke kAraNa (usa yogAvacara kI) indriyA~ abhidhyAdi durguNoM se protsAhita nahIM hotIM / ataH "bhikSuo ! bhale hI koI garma, jalatI, dhadhakatI, camakatI lohe kI zalAkAoM se cakSurindriya ko phor3a DAle, parantu cakSurvijJeya rUpasambandhI viSayoM meM anuvyaana (AkAra, banAvaTa) ke anusAra nimitta kA grahaNa karanA kathamapi acchA nahIM" ityAdi tripiTikokta kathana se AdityaparyAyasUtra kA smaraNa kara, rUpAdi viSayoM meM cakSurdvAra Adi se utpanna vijJAna kA lobha Adi ko protsAhita karane vAle nimitta Adi ke grahaNa ko nirantara banI rahane vAlI smRti rokate hue isa indriyasaMvara ko karanA caahiye| isake, isa prakAra na pAlana karane para, pUrvokta

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visuddhimagga cakkhudvArAdipavattassa viJJANassa abhijjhAdIhi anvAssavanIyaM nimittAdiggAhaM asammuThThAya satiyA nisedhentena esa sAdhukaM sampAdetabbo / evaM asampAdite hi etasmi pAtimokkhasaMvarasIlaM pi anaddhaniyaM hoti aciraTThitikaM, asaMvihitasAkhAparivAramiva sassaM / haJJate cAyaM kilesacorehi, vivaTadvAro viya gAmo parassahArIhi / cittaM cassa rAgo samativijjhati, ducchannamagAraM vuTThi viy| vuttaM pi hetaM "rUpesu saddesu atho rasesu gandhesu phassesu ca rakkha indriyaM / ete hi dvArA vivaTA arakkhitA hananti gAmaM va parassahArino " // "yathA agAraM ducchannaM vuTThi samativijjhati / evaM abhAvitaM cittaM rAgo samativijjhatI " ti // (khu0 1-13) sampAdite pana tasmiM pAtimokkhasaMvarasIlaM pi addhaniyaM hoti ciraTThitikaM, susaMvihitasAkhAparivAramiva sassaM / na haJJate cAyaM kilesacorehi, susaMvRtadvAro viya gAmo parassahArIhi / na cassa cijraM rAgo samativijjhati, succhannamagAraM vuTThi viya / vuttaM pi cetaM"rUpesu saddesu atho rasesu gandhesu phassesu ca rakkha indriyaM / ete hi dvArA pihitA susaMvutA na hanti gAmaM va parassahArino " // 54 "yathA agAraM succhannaM vuTThi na samativijjhati / evaM subhAvitaM cittaM rAgo na samativijjhatI" ti // (khu01-14) ayaM pana atikkaTThadesanA / cittaM nAmetaM lahuparivattaM, tasmA uppannaM rAgaM asubhamanasi - prAtimokSasaMvarazIla bhI bahuta samaya taka sAtha na dene vAlA yA bahuta samaya sthira na rahane vAlA ho jAtA hai, jaise ki kaTIle zAkhA-samUhoM ke avarodha se na gherI huI dhAna (zasya) kI khetI / anta meM yaha klezarUpI coroM se mAra DAlA jAtA hai, jaise khule dvAroM vAlA grAma luTeroM dvArA lUTa liyA jAtA hai| usa avasthA meM rAga isake citta meM praviSTa ho jAtA hai; jaise ThIka se na chAye hue ghara meM varSA kA jala ghusa jAtA hai| (tripiTaka meM) kahA bhI hai "rUpa, zabda, rasa, gandha evaM sparza ke viSayoM meM apanI indriyoM ko surakSita rakheM; kyoMki ye khule indriyadvAra arakSita sAdhaka ko vaise hI mAra dete haiM jaise khule dvAroM vAle grAma ko luTere lUTa le jAte haiM / " jaise ThIka se na chAyI huI chata vAle ghara meM varSA kA jala vinA kisI avarodha ke praviSTa ho jAtA hai, usI taraha sAdhanAbhyAsa meM AlasI bhikSu ke citta meM rAga Adi akuzala dharma praviSTa ho jAte haiM / phira, isa (indriyasaMvara) kA pAlana kiye jAne para vaha prAtimokSasaMvara dUra taka sAtha dene vAlA (addhaniya) tathA cirakAlasthAyI hotA hai; jaise ka~TIlI jhAr3iyoM se gherI huI dhAna kI khetI / yaha sAdhaka klezarUpI coroM se nahIM mArA jaataa| isake isa zuddha citta meM rAga bhI nahIM praviSTa ho pAtA, jaise saJchanna ghara meM varSA kA jl| kahA bhI hai " rUpa ke... pUrvavat... bacAo / ina indriyadvAroM ke banda hone para viSaya sAdhaka ko usI taraha nahIM mAra pAte, jaise pihitadvAra (banda daravAjoM vAle) grAma ko luTere nahIM lUTa paate|" "jisa taraha samyagAcchAdita ghara meM varSA kA jala nahIM praviSTa ho pAtA, usI taraha jiske indriyadvAra saMvRta haiM usake bhAvita citta meM rAga nahIM ghusa paataa|" (khu01-14)

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1. sIlaniddesa 55 kArena vinodetvA indriyasaMvaro sampAdetabbo, adhunApabbajitena vaGgIsattherena viy| therassa kira adhunApabbajitassa piNDAya carato ekaM itthiM disvA rAgo uppajji / tato AnandattheraM Aha thero Aha "kAmarAgena DayhAmi cittaM me pariDavhati / sAdhu nibbAnaM brUhi anukampAya, gotamA " ti // 44 "saJJAya vipariyesA cittaM te pariDavhati / nimittaM parivajjehi subhaM rAgUpasaMhitaM / asubhAya cittaM bhAvehi ekaggaM susamAhitaM // saGghAre parata passa dukkhato no ca attato / nibbApehi mahArAgaM mA Davhittho punappunaM " // ti // (saM0 1 - 188) dhero rAgaM vinodetvA piNDAya cari / api ca - indriyasaMvarapUrakena bhikkhunA kuraNDakamahAleNavAsinA cittaguttattherena viya corakamahAvihAravAsinA mahAmittattherena viya ca bhavitabbaM / kuraNDakamahAleNe kira sattannaM buddhAnnaM abhinikkhamanacittakammaM manoramaM ahosi, sambahulA bhikkhU senAsanacArikaM AhiNDantA cittakammaM disvA "manoramaM bhante, cittakammaM " ti AhaMsu / thero Aha"atirekasaTThi me, Avuso, vassAni leNe vasantassa 'cittakammaM atthI' ti pi na jAnAmi, idhara yaha dezanA (buddhopadeza) atyutkRSTa hai, udhara vaha citta jaldI-jaldI parivartita hone vAlA hai| ataH utpanna rAga ko azubha - cintanapaddhati se dUra kara kucha hI samaya pUrva pravrajita kGgIsa sthavira ke samAna indriyasaMvara zIla kA pAlana karanA caahiye| usa navapravrajita bhikSu ko bhikSA karane jAte samaya kisI strI ke prati kAmarAga utpanna ho gyaa| usane Anandasthavira se pUchA " he gautama! maiM kAmarAga (rUpI agni) se jalA jA rahA huuN| isa agni ke zamana (nirvApaNa) kA koI upAya batalAiye?" (Ananda) sthavira ne kahA " saMjJA ke viparyaya (viparIta saMjJA) se tumhArA citta rAgAgni se jala rahA hai| tuma usa rAga kI ora pravRta karane vAle zubha (strI-saundarya) nimitta kA tyAga kara do (apitu ) citta ko ekAgra va susamAhita kara isa azubha kI bhAvanA kro| saMskAroM ko parataH (pratItya) samutpanna ata eva anitya samajhate hue inheM duHkhamaya evaM anAtma ke rUpa meM smjho| isa taraha isa kAmarAga kI atizayatA ko samApta kara ddaalo| isase bAra-bAra jalo nahIM / " yoM, Anandasthavira kI satpreraNA se usa sthavira ne apane kAmarAga ko samApta kara punaH bhikSATana prArambha kiyA / api ca, isa indriyasaMvara ke pUraka ko kuraNDakamahAleNavAsI bhikSu citraguptasthavira yA corakamahAvihAravAsI mahAmitrasthavira kI taraha AcaraNa vAlA honA cAhiye / (1) kuraNDakamahAleNa meM sAta buddhoM ke saMsAra - (gRha) tyAga kI citra-racanA atimanohara thii| kabhI bahuta se bhikSu, zayanAsana kI khoja meM ghUmate hue vahA~ aaye| unhoMne vahA~ usa citrakarma ko 1. yaha Ananda ko gotra-nAma se sambodhana hai|

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56 visuddhimagga ajja dAni cakkhumante nissAya jAtaM" ti| therena kira ettakaM addhAnaM vasantena cakkheM ummIletvA leNaM na ullokitapubbaM / leNadvAre cassa mahAnAgarukkho pi ahosi| so pi therena uddhaM na ullokitpubbo| anusaMvaccharaM bhUmiyaM kesaranipAtaM disvA vassa pupphitabhAvaM jaanaati| rAjA therassa guNasampattiM sutvA vanditukAmo tikkhattuM pesetvA anAgacchante there tasmi gAme taruNaputtAnaM itthInaM thane bandhApetvA laJchApesi"tAva dArakA thaJjamA labhiMsu, yAva thero na AgacchatI" ti| thero dArakAnaM anukampAya mahAgAmaM agmaasi| rAjA sutvA"gacchatha, bhaNe, theraM pavesetha, sIlAni gahissAmI" ti antepuraM abhiharApatvA vanditvA bhojetvA-"aja, bhante, okAso natthi, sve sIlAni gahissAmI" ti therassa pattaM gahetvA thokaM anugantvA deviyA saddhiM vanditvA nivtti| thero rAjA vA vandatu devI vA, "sukhI hotu, mahArAjA ti" vdti| evaM satta divasA gtaa| bhikkhU AhaMsu-"kiM, bhante, tumhe raje pi vandamAne deviyA pi vandamAnAya, 'sukhI hotu, mahArAja' icceva vadathA" ti| thero"nAhaM, Avuso, rAjA ti vA devI ti vA vavatthAnaM karomI" ti vatvA sattAhAtikamme "therassa idha vAso dukkho" ti raJA vissajjito kuraNDakamahAleNaM gantvA rattibhAge camaM aaruhi| nAgarukkhe adhivatthA devatA daNDadIpikaM gahetvA aTThAsi / athassa kammaTThAnaM dekhakara sthavira se kahA-"bhante! yaha citraracanA to bahuta sundara banI hai|" sthavira bole-"AyuSmAno! mujhe isa leNa meM rahate Aja sATha varSa se adhika ho gye| maiM aba taka nahIM jAna pAyA ki yahA~ dIvAloM para koI citraracanA bhI hai| Aja Apa jaise cakSuSmAnoM ke kAraNa maiM yaha jAna pAyA huuN|" sthavira ne itane samaya se vahA~ rahate hue bhI A~kheM khola kara usa leNa ko Upara-nIce se nahIM dekhA thaa| isa guphA ke dvAra para eka nAgakesara (prapunnAga) kA vizAla vRkSa thA / use bhI sthavira ne kabhI Upara se nIce taka pUrA nahIM dekhA thaa| ve prativarSa (Rtu Ane para) bhUmi para girI usake phUloM kI kesara dekhakara isa vRkSa kA puSpita honA bhara hI jAna pAte the| rAjA ne isa sthavira kA janatA meM phailA yazaHzabda sunakara, unako sammAna karane hetu nimantraNa diyA, dUta bhejane para bhI jaba sthavira nahIM Aye to rAjA ne usa grAma kI dUdha pIte baccoM vAlI sabhI striyoM ke stana baiMdhavA diye ki "jaba taka sthavira yahA~ Akara hameM darzana nahIM deMge taba taka koI baccA dUdha nahIM pI skegaa|" taba sthavira una baccoM para anugraha karake mahAgrAma (rAjadhAnI) phuNce| rAjA ne sthavira kA Agamana sunakara, apane adhInastha logoM ko Adeza diyA-"jAo! sthavira ko sammAnapUrvaka andara lAo; maiM unase sadAcAra kI dIkSA luuNgaa|" yoM rAjA ne sthavira ko anta:pura meM bulAkara unakA yathocita praNAma-vandanA-sammAna kara bhojana karA kara, yaha kahA-"bhante! Aja aba samaya nahIM hai, kala maiM Apa se zIla kI dIkSA luuNgaa|" vaha sthavira kA pAtra sammAna-pradarzanArtha hAtha meM le apanI rAnI ke sAtha kucha dUra jAkara vahA~ sthavira ko praNAma kara vApasa lauTa AyA / sthavira ne bhI "rAjA ne praNAma kiyA yA rAnI ne'-yaha vinA hI dekhe 'mahArAja! sukhI raheM-yaha AzIrvAda diyaa| yoM, sAta dina bIta gye| taba sAtha ke bhikSuoM ne sthavira se pUchA-"bhante, Apa rAjA yA rAnIdonoM meM se kisI ke dvArA praNAma karane para donoM ko hI 'mahArAja! sukhI raheM' yahI AzIrvAda kyoM dete haiM?" sthavira ne kahA-"AyuSmAno! rAjA yA rAnI meM maiM koI bheda (vyavasthApana-viveka) nahIM kara paat|" sthavira ke aisA kahe jAne para, saptAha bhara samaya bItane para, rAjA ne socakara ki "sthavira ko yahA~ rahanA kaSTakara laga rahA hai" unakI sasammAna vidAI kara dii| sthavira punaH kuraNDaka mahAleNa jAkara rAtri ke samaya caMkramaNa karane lge| usa nAgakezara kA adhivAsI devatA hAtha meM mazAla

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1. sIlanidesa 57 atiparisuddhaM pAkaTaM ahosi| thero "kiM nu me aja kammaTThAnaM ativiya pakAsatI" ti attamano majjhimayAmasamanantaraM sakalaM pabbataM unnAdayanto arahattaM paapunni| tasmA aJjo pi attatthakAmo kulaputto makaTo va aramhi vane bhantamigo viy| bAlo viya ca utrasto na bhave lollocno|| adho khipeyya cakkhUni yugamattadaso siyaa| vanamakaTalolassa na cittassa vasaM vje"|| mahAmittattharassApi mAtu visagaNDakarogo uppajji, dhItA pissA bhikkhunIsu pabbajitA hoti| sA taM Aha-"gaccha, ayye, bhAtu santikaM gantvA mama aphAsukabhAvaM ArocetvA bhesajjaM AharA" ti| sA gantvA aarocesi| thero-"nAhaM mUlabhesajjAdIni saMharitvA bhesajjaM pacituM jAnAmi, api ca te bhesajaM AcikkhissaM-'ahaM yato pabbajito, tato paTThAya na mayA lobhasahagatena cittena indriyAni bhinditvA visabhAgarUpaM olokitapubbaM, iminA saccavacanena mAtuyA me phAsu hotu', gaccha idaM vatvA upAsikAya sarIraM parimajA" ti|saa gantvA imamatthaM ArocetvA tathA akaasi| upAsikAya taM khaNaM yeva gaNDo pheNapiNDo viya vilIyitvA antaradhAyi, sA uTThahitvA "sace sammAsambuddho dhareyya, kasmA mama puttasadisassa bhikkhuno jAlavicitrena hatthena sIsaM na parAmaseyyA" ti attamanavAcaM nicchaaresi| tasmA(daNDadIpikA) lekara unake sAmane khar3A ho gyaa| tabhI unakA karmasthAna (dhyAna kA viSaya) atyadhi / rUpa meM prakAzita huA / sthavira ne socA-"Aja merA yaha karmasthAna anya dina kI apekSA aki kyoM prakAzita ho rahA hai?" yoM socate hue unhoMne prasanna mana se rAtri ke madhyama prahara meM arhattva prApta kara liyA / ataH dUsare svahitacintaka kulaputra ko bhI jaGgala meM bandara ke samAna, yA vana meM bahake mRga kI taraha, yA bAla (mUrkha) kI taraha bhayabhIta va caJcala netroM vAlA nahIM honA caahiye|| 1 / / sAdhaka A~khoM ko nIcA rakha, mArga meM mAtra cAra hAtha kI dUrI taka dekhane vAlA ho| vaha vanavAsI caJcala bandara kI taraha apane citta kI caJcalatA ke phande meM na phNse||2|| mahAmitrasthavira kI mAtA ko viSavraNa (jaharavAda phor3A) roga ho gayA thA isakI dhItA (putrI) bhI pahale hI bhikSuNiyoM meM pravrajita ho cukI thii| usa mAtA ne apanI putrI se kahA-"Arya! tUMjA aura apane bhAI ke pAsa jAkara mere isa roga kI carcA kara usase isakI auSadha le aa|" putrI ne jAkara sthavira ko saba kucha btaayaa| sthavira ne kahA-"maiM jar3I-bUTiyA~ ikaTThAkara unheM kUTa-pIsakara oSadhi banAnA nahIM jaantaa| phira bhI maiM tumheM usa roga kI oSadhi batA detA hU~-'maiM jaba se pravrajita huA hU~ taba se Aja taka maiMne lobhasahagata citta se apanI indriyoM kA sambandha viccheda kara kucha bhI visabhAga (visadRza) rUpa ko (jise dekhane se kAmarAga utpanna hotA hai) kabhI nahIM dekhA-mere isa vacana ko kaha kara mAtA ke zarIra para apanA hAtha masala denaa|" usa putrI ne vApasa jAkara ukta vacana kahakara, jaisA sthavira ne batAyA thA vaise hI kiyaa| upAsikA (mAtA) kA vaha viSavraNa usI samaya jala ke bulabule kI taraha phUTa kara kucha hI kSaNa meM ThIka ho gyaa| taba usane uThakara apane Anandamaya hRdayodgAra isa prakAra prakaTa kiye-"yadi Aja samyaksambuddha hote to ve kyA mere putrasamAna isa bhikSu ke zira ko utkRSTa rekhAjAla se alaMkRta apane hAtha se nahIM shlaate|"

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visuddhimagga kulaputtamAnI aJjo pi pabbajitvAna saasne| mittatthero va tiTTeyya vare indriyasaMvare / / (3) AjIvapArisuddhisampAdanavidhi 35. yathA pana indriyasaMvaro satiyA, tathA vIriyena AjIvapArisuddhi smpaadetbbaa| vIriyasAdhanA hi sA, sammAraddhavIriyassa micchaajiivpphaansmbhvto| tasmA anesanaM appaTirUpaM pahAya vIriyena piNDapAtacariyAdIhi sammAesanAhi esA sampAdetabbA, parisuddhappAde yeva paccaye paTisevamAnena aparisuddhappAde AsIvise viya parivajjayatA / tattha apariggahitadhutaGgassa saGghato, gaNato, dhammadesanAdIhi cassa guNehi pasannAnaM gihInaM santikA uppannA paccayA parisujhuppAdA naam| piNDapAtacariyAdIhi pana atiparisuddhappAdA yev| pariggahItadhutaGgassa piNDapAta-cariyAdIhi dhutaguNe cassa pasannAnaM santikA dhutaGganiyamAnulomena uppannA parisuddhappAdA naam| ekavyAdhivUpasamatthaM cassa pUtiharITakIcatumadhuresu uppanesu"catumadhuraM aje pisabrahmacArino paribhuJjissantI"ti cintetvA harITakIkhaNDameva paribhuJjamAnassa dhutaGgasamAdAnaM patirUpaM hoti| esa hi "uttamaariyavaMsiko bhikkhU" ti vuccti| ye panete cIvarAdayo paccayA, tesu yassa kassaci bhikkhuno AjIvaM parisodhentassa cIvare ca piNDapAte ca nimittobhAsaparikathAvittiyo na vttttnti| senAsane pana apariggahitadhutaGgassa nimittobhAsaparikathA vaTTanti / isaliye apane meM kulaputra (zreSThakulotpatti) kA abhimAna karane vAle kisI dUsare vyakti ko bhI buddhadharma meM dIkSA lekara mahAmitra sthavira ke samAna indriyasaMvara meM satata prayatnazIla rahanA cAhiye / / (3) AjIvapArizuddhizIlasampAdanavidhi 35. jaise indriyasaMvara samyaksmRti ke sahAre bhAvita kiyA jAtA hai, aise hI vIrya ke sahAre AjIvaparizuddhi kI bhI bhAvanA (sAdhanA) karanI cAhiye / vaha AjIvaparizuddhi vIryasAdhanA vAlI hai; kyoMki jisane bhalIbhA~ti vIrya (udyoga) kA sahArA le liyA hai, usI se usakI mithyA (galata) AjIvikA kA prANa sambhava hai| ataH anucita anveSaNa kA tyAga kara, piNDapAtacaryA Adi samyageSaNAoM se isa vIrya kI sAdhanA karanI cAhiye; parizuddharUpa se utpanna (prApta) pratyayoM kA hI upabhoga (=pratisevana) karane se evaM aparizuddharUpa se utpanna (pratyayoM) ko sarpa (AzIviSa) ke samAna chor3a kara / unameM, dhutAga na dhAraNa kiye hue bhikSu ke saba se, gaNa se dharmadezanA Adi guNoM ke kAraNa isase prasanna gRhasthoM ke pAsa se utpanna (prApsa) pratyaya 'parizuddha utpAda' kahalAte haiN| bhikSATana Adi se prApta pratyaya to atiparizuddha hai hii| (udhara) dhutAna grahaNa kiye hue bhikSu ke bhikSATana Adi se evaM usake guNoM se prasanna gRhasthoM se dhutAna niyamAnukUla prApta pratyaya bhI parizuddha utpAda' hI kahe jAte haiN| yadi kisI eka roga ke zamana hetu vaha (uparyukta bhikSu) gomUtra meM bhigoyI hare (pUtiharItakI) va cAra madhura dravya (1.ghI, 2. makkhana, 3. madhu evaM 4.zarkarA) prApta hone para, ye cAra madhura to mere anya sabrahmacArI khA leMge'-yaha socakara hara kA Tukar3A hI khAtA hai to usakA vaha kArya dhutAga-grahaNa ke anukUla hI hotA hai| loka meM usakI 'yaha uttama AryavaMza kA bhikSu hai'-aisI yazogAthA phailane lagatI hai| . jo ye cIvara Adi pratyaya haiM unameM cIvara va piNDapAta ke viSaya meM AjIvaparizuddhi karane

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1. sIlaniddesa 59 1 tattha nimittaM nAma senAsanatthaM bhUmiparikammAdIni karontassa " kiM bhante kariyati, ko kArApetI" ti gihIhi vutte "na kocI" ti paTivacanaM, yaM vA pana pi evarUpaM nimittakammaM / obhAso nAma "upAsakA, tumhe kuhiM vasathA " ti ?" pAsAde, bhante" ti / "bhikkhUnaM pana upAsakA pAsAdo na vaTTatI" ti vacanaM, yaM vA pana pi evarUpaM obhAsakammaM / parikathA nAma "bhikkhusaGghassa senAsanaM sambAdhaM " ti vacanaM, yA vA panaJja pi evarUpA pariyAyakathA / sajje sabbaM pi vaTTati / tathA uppannaM pana bhesajjaM roge vUpasante paribhuJjituM vati na vaTTatIti ? tattha vinayadharA " bhagavatA dvAraM dinnaM, tasmA vaTTatI" ti vadanti / suttantikA pana - " kiJcApi Apatti na hoti AjIvaM pana kopeti, tasmA na vaTTati" icceva vadanti / yo pana bhagavatA anujJAtA pi nimittobhAsaparikathAviJJattiyo akaronto appicchatAdiguNe yeva nissAya jIvitakkhaye pi paccupaTThite aJJatreva obhAsAdIhi uppannapaccaye paTisevati, esa "paramasallekhavuttI" ti vuccati, seyyathA pi thero sAriputto / 36. so kirAyasmA ekasmi samaye pavivekaM brUhayamAno mahAmoggallAnattherena saddhiM aJJatarasmi arajJa viharati, athassa ekasmi divase udaravAtAbAdho uppajjitvA atidukkhaM jasi / mahAmoggallAnatthero sAyanhasamaye tassAyasmato upaTThAnaM gato / theraM nipannaM disvA taM 1 vAle bhikSu ko nimitta, avabhAsa, parikathA evaM vijJapti vihita nahIM haiM; kintu zayanAsana ke viSaya meM, jisane ghutAGga kA grahaNa na kiyA ho aise bhikSu ko nimitta, avabhAsa evaM parikathA vihita haiN| vahA~ nimitta kahalAtA hai - zayanAsana ke liye bhUmi ThIka-ThAka karAne vAle bhikSu kA, ' bhante! kyA karavA rahe haiM?' yA 'yaha kauna karavA rahA hai?' - gRhasthoM dvArA aisA pUchane para 'koI nahIM' - aisA uttara: yA aisA hI koI dUsarA nimitta karma / avabhAsa ( vyaGgya mAranA ) kahalAtA hai-" upAsako ! tuma kahA~ rahate ho ?", "bhante! prAsAda meM / " "para, upAsako ! rahane ke liye bhikSuoM ko prAsAda kahA~ mile !" - isa taraha kA, yA anya aisA hI avabhAsa krm| parikathA - " bhikSusaGgha ko zayanAsana kI parezAMnI "- aise vacana ko yA isI taraha ke anya kathana ko 'parikathA' kahate haiN| kintu auSadha ke sambandha meM saba kucha vihita hai| yahA~ prazna yaha hai ki auSadha prApta hone para roga ke zAnta hone para bhI, usakA upayoga karanA ucita hai? vahA~ vinayadhara (vinaya ko pramANa mAnane vAle) bhikSuoM dvArA yaha samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai"bhagavAn ne chUTa (=avakAza, dvAra) de rakhI hai, isaliye usakA upayoga zAstrAnumodita hI hai / " parantu yahA~ sautrAntika (sUtra ko pramANa mAnane vAle) bhikSu kahate haiM- 'yadyapi Apatti to kucha nahIM pramANita hotI, parantu AjIvikA dUSita (kupita) ho jAtI hai, ataH vihita ( zAstrAnumodita ) nahIM hai|" aura jo bhagavAn dvArA (zayanAsana, bhaiSajya Adi ke sambandha meM) anujJAta nimitta, avabhAsa, parikathA Adi bhI na karate hue, alpecchukatA Adi guNoM ke kAraNa, prANoM para saGkaTa Ane para bhI, avabhAsa Adi se utpanna pratyayoM se bhinna pratyayoM kA hI sevana karatA hai vaha 'paramasallekhavRtti' (kaThora tapasvI) kahalAtA hai, jaise ki sthavira sAriputra / 36. eka samaya ve (sthavira sAriputra) praviveka (gaNa chor3akara ekAnta meM rahane ke sukha) meM vRddhi hetu mahAmoggalAna sthavira ke sAtha kisI jaGgala meM sAdhanA kara rahe the| eka dina unake peTa meM vAtavyAdhi roga ubhara AyA, unheM bahuta pIr3A hone lgii| sAyaGkAla mahAmoggalAna AyuSmAn sAriputra

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60 visuddhimagga pavattiM pucchitvA "pubbe te, Avuso, kena phAsu hotI"ti pucchi| thero Aha-"gihakAle me, Avuso, mAtA sappimadhusakarAdIhi yojetvA asambhinnakhIrapAyAsaM adAsi, tena me phArau~ ti| so pi AyasmA "hotu, Avuso, sace mayhaM vA tumhaM vA puJja asthi, appeva nAma sve labhissAmA" ti aah| imaM pana nesaM kathAsallApaM caGkamanakoTiyaM rukkhe adhivatthA devatA sutvA "ayyassa pAyAsaMuppAdessAmI"ti tAvadeva therassa upaTThAkakulaM gantvA jeTThaputtassa sarIraM AvisitvA pILaM jnesi|athss tikicchAnimittaM sannipatite Atake Aha-"sace sve therassa evarUpaM nAma pAyAsaM paTiyAdetha muJcissAmI" ti| te "tayA avutte pi mayaM therAnaM nibaddha bhikkhaM demA" ti vatvA dutiyadivase tathArUpaM pAyAsaM pttiyaadiyiNsu| mahAmoggallAnatthero pAto va AgantvA "Avuso, yAva ahaM piNDAya caritvA AgacchAmi, tAva idheva hohI" ti vatvA gAmaM paavisi| te manussA paccuggantvA therassa pattaM gahetvA vuttappakArassa pAyAsassa pUretvA adNsu| thero gamanAkAraM dssesi| te "bhuJjatha, bhante, tumhe, aparaM pi dassAmA" ti theraM bhojetvA puna pattapUraM adaMsu / thero gantvA "handAvuso sAriputta, paribhaJjA" ti upnaamesi| thero pi taM disvA "atimanApo pAyAso, kathaM nu kho uppanno" ti cintento tassa uppattimUlaM disvA Aha-"Avuso moggallAna, aparibhogAraho piNDapAto" ti| so pAyasmA "mAdisena nAma AbhataM piNDapAtaM na paribhuJjatI" ti cittaM pi anuppAdetvA ekavacaneneva pattaM mukhavaTTiyaM gahetvA ekamante nikkujjesi| pAyAsassa saha ko dekhane gye| sthavira ko rugNa dekha unake zarIra kI dazA pUchane lge| sAriputra ne kahA"AyuSman! gRhasthAzrama meM rahate samaya bhI kabhI yaha roga mujhe ubharA thaa| usa samaya merI mAtA ne mujhe ghI--madhu-zarkarA milAkara dI thI, usase maiM svastha ho gayA thaa|" AyuSmAn moggallAna ne kahA"ThIka hai, AyuSman! yadi tumhAre yA mere bhAgya meM hogA to kala yaha auSadha-dravya hama pA hI legeN|' inakI isa bAtacIta ko vahIM pAsa meM khar3e vRkSa kA adhivAsI devatA suna rahA thaa| sunakara usane socA-"Arya ke liye khIra kI vyavasthA kruuNgaa|" (aisA socakara) usI ne sthavira ke sevakakula meM jAkara jyeSTha putra ke zarIra meM praveza kara use pIr3ita kara utpAta macAyA aura usakI cikitsA ke liye ekatra hue sambandhiyoM se usane kahA-"yadi kala sthavira ke liye aisI khIra banA do to ise chor3a duuNgaa|" unhoMne "Apake Adeza vinA bhI hama to sthaviroM ko nitya ba~dhI huI bhikSA dete haiM"-isa taraha kaha kara dUsare dina khIra bnvaayii| udhara mahAmoggallAna sthavira ne prAtaH hI Akara-"AyuSman! jaba taka maiM na jAU~ taba taka tuma yahIM rahanA"-yaha kahakara ve grAma meM praviSTa hue| una manuSyoM ne Age bar3hakara sthavira se pAtra lekara isameM khIra bhara kara unake vApasa de diyA / sthavira calane ko udyata hue| unhoMne "bhante! Apa khAiye: (le jAne ke liye) aura bhI de deNge|" aisA kahakara sthavira ko khilA kara punaH pAtra bhara kara de diyA |sthvir ne vApasa jAkara sAriputra se kahA-"AyuSman sAriputra! khIra lAyA hU~, ise khAo!" sthavira sAriputra ne vaha khIra dekhakara kahA-"khIra to bahuta acchI dikhAyI de rahI hai, kahA~ prApta huI?" yoM pUchate hue, svayaM hI divya dRSTi se dekhakara samagra prakaraNa ko mUlataH (Adi se) samajhate hue punaH bole-"AyuSman moggallAna! yaha bhikSA to khAne yogya nahIM hai" "AyuSmAn moggallAna ne mere jaise dvArA lAyI gayI bhikSA ko bhI khAne yogya nahIM samajhA" yo socakara usa khIra kI tarapha se citta . haTAkara eka hI bAra (prayAsa) meM pAtra ko mu~ha kI tarapha pakar3a kara eka tarapha oMdhA kara diyaa| usa

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1. sIlaniddesa 61 "" bhUmiyaM patiTThAnA therassa AbAdho antaradhAyi, tato paTThAya paJcacattAlIsa vassAni na puna upajji / tato mahAmoggallAnaM Aha - ' 'Avuso, vacIviJJattiM nissAya uppanno pAyAso antesu nikkhamitvA bhUmiyaM carantesu pi paribhuJjituM ayuttarUpo" ti / imaM ca udAnaM udAnesi"vacIviJJattiviSphArA uppannaM madhupAyasaM / sace bhutto bhaveyyAhaM sAjIvo garahito mama // yadi pi me antaguNaM nikkhamitvA bahi care / neva bhindeyyamAjIvaM cajamAno pi jIvitaM // ArAma sakaM cittaM vivajjemi anesanaM / nAhaM buddhappaTikuTuM kAhAmi ca anesanaM" ti // ciragumbavAsika ambakhAdakamahAtissattheravatthu pi cettha kathetabbaM / evaM sabbathApi anesanAya cittaM pi ajanetvA vicakkhaNo / AjIvaM parisodheyya saddhApabbajito yatI ti // (4) paccayasannissitasIlasampAdanavidhi 37. yathA ca vIriyena AjIvapArisuddhi, tathA paccayasannissitasIlaM paJJAya sampAdetabbaM / paJJasAdhanaM hi taM paJJavato paccayesu AdInavAnisaMsadassanasamatthabhAvato / khIra kA jamIna para giranA thA ki sAriputra kA vaha roga pUrNataH nivRtta ho gyaa| itanA hI nahIM, usake bAda paiMtAlIsa' (yA cAlIsa ?) varSa taka phira kabhI nahIM utthaa| tatpazcAt sAriputra ne mahAmoggalAna sthavira se kahA -": "AyuSman! vAcika vijJapti (kahakara banavAne) ke kAraNa prApta khIra ko, (adhika bhUkha lagane ke kAraNa) A~toM kA (zarIra se bAhara nikalakara bhUmipAta ho jAne para bhI, khAnA ucita (vihita ) nahIM"- aura sAtha hI yaha gAthA udgAra bhI prakaTa kiyA "vAcika vijJapti (kisI bhI taraha kaha kara yA kahalavA kara) ke kAraNa prApta madhura khIra ko yadi maiMne khA liyA hotA to merI yaha parizuddha AjIvikA nindita ho gayI hotii|| "cAhe merI A~te (adhika bhUkha ke kAraNa ) zarIra se bAhara nikala par3eM to bhI maiM AjIva (ke niyamoM ko) nahIM todduuNgaa| bhale hI phira mere prANa hI kyoM na cale jaayeN|| "maiM apane citta ko vaza (nigraha) meM rakhatA huuN| anveSaNa kA tyAga karatA huuN| maiM bhagavAn dvArA nindita anveSaNa ko (to) kabhI nahIM karU~gA / / " yahA~ ciragumbavAsI, kevala Ama khA kara jIvana-yApana karane vAle, mahAtiSya sthavira ke jIvanavRttAnta kI kathA bhI kahanI caahiye| yoM sabhI prakAra se dharma meM zraddhA rakhakara pravrajita, matimAn (vicakSaNa) evaM saMyata bhikSu ko, anveSaNa se citta ko sarvathA haTAkara, AjIvaparizuddhi kA satata dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye / / (4) pratyayasannizritasampAdanavidhi 37. aura jaise vIrya ke sahAre AjIvaparizuddhi kI bhAvanA batAyI gayI, vaise hI 1. itihAsa hameM batAtA hai ki sambodhiprApti ke bAda bhagavAn buddha ne svayaM hI paiMtAlIsa varSa jIvana lIlA kI / sAriputra to bhagavAn ke ziSya the aura unase pUrva hI parinirvRtta ho cuke the| ataH yahA~ yaha 'paitAlIsa varSa' zabda prAmANika nahIM hai| yaha adhika sambhava hai ki lipika-pramAda se yahA~ kisI anya saGkhyA ke sthAna para prayukta zabda meM 'paJca' jur3a gayA ho / - anu0 /

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62 visuddhimagga tasmA pahAya paccayagedhaM dhammena samena uppanne paccaye yathAvuttena vidhinA pAya paccavekkhitvA paribhuJjantena smpaadetbb| tattha duvidhaM paccavekkhaNaM-paccayAnaM paTilAbhakAle ca, paribhogakAle c| paTilAbhakAle pi hi dhAtuvasena vA paTikUlavasena vA paccavekkhitvA ThapitAni cIvarAdIni tato uttari paribhuJjantassa anavajjo va paribhogo, paribhogakAle pi| tatrAyaM sanniTThAnakaro vinicchayo cattAro hi paribhogA-theyyaparibhogo, iNaparibhogo, dAyajjaparibhogo, sAmiparibhogo ti| tatra saGghamajjhe pi nisIditvA paribhuJjantassa dussIlassa paribhogo theyyaparibhogo naam| sIlavato apaccavekkhitvA paribhogo iNaparibhogo naam| tasmA cIvaraM paribhoge paribhoge paccavekkhitabbaM, piNDapAto Alope Alope, tathA asakkontena purebhtt-pcchaabhttpurimyaam-mjjhimyaampucchimyaamesu| sacassa apaccavekkhato va aruNaM uggacchati, iNaparibhogaTThAne titttthti|senaasnN pi paribhoge paribhoge paccavekkhitabbaM / bhesajjassa paTiggahaNe pi paribhoge pi satipaccayatA va vti| evaM sante pi paTiggahaNe satiM katvA paribhoge akarontasseva Apatti, paTiggahaNe pana satiM akatvA paribhoge karontassa anaaptti| catubbidhA hi suddhi-desanAsuddhi, saMvarasuddhi, pariyeTThisuddhi, pacvekSaNasuddhI ti| pratyayasannitizIla ko prajJA ke sahAre bhAvita karanA caahiye| usakA sAdhana prajJA hai; kyoMki prajJAvAn hI pratyayoM kI sadoSatA yA nirdoSatA kA samyaktayA pratyavekSaNa karane meM samartha hai| isaliye pratyayoM ko yathokta ('sardI-garmI se bacane ke liye Adi prakAra se pUrvokta ) vidhi se prajJA kI sahAyatA se pratyavekSaNa kara paribhoga karate hue sampanna karanA caahiye| isa prasaGga meM, yaha pratyavekSaNa do prakAra hai- 1. pratyayoM ke pratilAbhakAla meM evaM 2. unake paribhogakAla meM / pratilAbha-(prApti-) kAla meM bhI dhAtumanaskAra (pratyaya aura usakA upabhoktA-donoM hI dhAtumAtra haiM) ke rUpa meM 'ye saba cIvara Adi svayaM ghRNAspada nahIM hai, apitu isa pUtikAya ke saMsarga se vaise ho jAte haiN| isa pratikUla manaskAra ke sAtha pratyavekSaNa kara rakhe gaye cIvara Adi kA bAda meM paribhoga karanevAle kA paribhoga bhI nirdoSa hotA hai| aura paribhogakAla meM bhI yahI pratyavekSaNa kre| (vastutaH) paribhogakAla meM pratyavekSaNa karane se hI paribhoga nirdoSa hotA hai| vahA~ (usa prasaGga meM) zAstrasammata asandigdha (sunizcita) nirNaya yaha hai __paribhoga cAra hote haiM- 1. steyaparibhoga, 2. RNaparibhoga, 3. dAyAdaparibhoga evaM 4. svaami-pribhog| inameM, 1. saGgha ke bIca baiThakara bhI duHzIlatayA paribhoga ko 'steyaparibhoga' kahate haiM; 2.zIlavAn kA pratyavekSaNa ke vinA kiyA gayA paribhoga 'RNaparibhoga' kahalAtA hai| ataH (ka) cIvara ko jaba jaba pahane-or3he taba taba pratyavekSaNa karanA cAhiye / evaM (kha) bhikSA ke eka-eka grAsa para bhii| aisA na kara sakane vAle ko dopahara ke bhojana se pUrva tathA bhojana ke bAda prathama madhyama evaM antima yAma meM pratyavekSaNa karanA caahiye| yadi usake pratyavekSaNa ke vinA hI sUryodaya ho jAya to vaha RNaparibhogI ho jAtA hai| (ga) zayanAsana kA bhI jaba jaba paribhoga kare taba taba pratyavekSaNa karanA caahiye| (gha) bhaiSajya ke pratigrahaNa evaM paribhoga meM bhI smRti-pratyayatA (pratyayaviSayaka smRti banAye rakhanA) ucita hai| evaM pratigrahaNa ke samaya meM smRti kA prayoga smaraNa karake paribhoga ke samaya vaisA na karane vAlA doSabhAk hotA hai; kintu pratigrahaNakAla meM smRti na karake bhI paribhogakAla meM smRti kA prayoga karane vAloM ko doSa nahIM lgtaa|

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8 . 1. sIlaniddesa tattha desanAsuddhi nAma pAtimokkhasaMvarasIlaM / taM hi desanAya sujjhanato desanAsuddhI ti vuccati / saMvarasuddhi nAma indriysNvrsiilN| taM hi "na puna evaM karissAmI" ti cittAdhiTThAnasaMvareneva sujjhanato saMvarasuddhI ti vuccti| pariyeTThisuddhi nAma AjIvapArisuddhisIlaM / taM hi anesanaM pahAya dhammena samena paccaye uppAdentassa pariyesanAya suddhattA pariyeTThisuddhI ti vuccti| paccavekkhaNasuddhi nAma pccysnissitsiil| taM hi vuttappakArena paccavekkhaNena sujjhanato paccavekkhaNasuddhI ti vuccti| tena vuttaM-"paTiggahaNe pana satiM 'akatvA paribhoge karontassa anApattI" ti| saktanaM sekkhAnaM paccayaparibhogo dAyajjaparibhogo naam| te hi bhagavato puttA, tasmA pitusantakAnaM paccayAnaM dAyAdA hutvA te paccaye pribhnyjnti| kiM panete bhagavato paccaye paribhuJjanti, udAhu gihInaM paccaye paribhuJjantI ti? gihIhi dinnA pi bhagavatA anutattA bhagavato santakA honti, tasmA bhagavato paccaye paribhuJjantI ti veditbbaa| dhammadAyAdasuttaM (ma0 1-18) cettha sAdhakaM / khINAsavAnaM paribhogo sAmiparibhogo naam| te hi taNhAya dAsabyaM atItattA sAmino hutvA pribhuanti| imesu paribhogesu sAmiparibhogo ca dAyajaparibhogo ca sabbesaM vttttti|innpribhogo na vttttti| theyyaparibhoge kathA yeva nitthi| yo panAyaM sIlavato paccavekkhitaparibhogo, so (prakaraNavaza, paribhoga' ke vyAkhyAna ke madhya meM hI,zuddhi kA bheda batA rahe haiM-) zuddhi cAra prakAra kI hotI haiM- 1.dezanAzuddhi,2.saMvarazuddhi.3. paryeSaNa (parITi-zuddhi evaM 4. pratyavekSaNazuddhi / inameM pUrvavarNita (pRSTha 52) prAtimokSasaMvara zIla hI dezanAzuddhi kahalAtA hai| indriyasaMvarazIla ko saMvarazuddhi kahate haiN| vaha 'punaH aisA nahIM karU~gA'-isa taraha kA citta kA adhiSThAna (saGkalpa) kara saMvara se parizuddha hone ke kAraNa 'saMvarazuddhi' kahI jAtI hai| parITizuddhi AjIvaparizuddhi zIla hai| vaha anveSaNa ko tyAgakara dharmAnukUla pratyayotpAda karane vAle ke paryeSaNa se zuddhi ke kAraNa 'parISTizuddhi' kahalAtI hai| tathA pratyayasanizrita zIla ko pratyavekSaNazuddhi kahate haiN| vaha ukta prakAra ke pratyavekSaNa se zuddhi ke kAraNa 'pratyavekSaNazuddhi kahalAtI hai| isIliye kahA gayA hai-"pratigrahaNakAla meM smRti na karake bhI paribhogakAla meM smRti karane vAle ko doSa nahIM hotaa|" (yoM zuddhi kA vyAkhyAna pUrNa huA, aba punaH prasaGgAgata avaziSTa paribhogoM kA vyAkhyAna kara rahe haiM-) 3. sAta zaikSyoM (4 mArga prApta evaM 3 phala prApta) kA pratyayaparibhoga dAyAdaparimoga hai| ve bhagavAn ke putra haiM, ataH pitA ke pAsa rahane vAle pratyayoM (sampatti) kA, dAyAda (uttarAdhikArI) hokara hI, upabhoga karate haiN| kintu (prazna uThatA hai-) kyA ve bhagavAn ke pratyayoM kA paribhoga karate haiM? yA gRhasthoM ke pratyayoM kA? (uttara hai-) gRhasthoM dvArA diye hone para bhI bhagavAn dvArA svIkAra kara liye jAne se ve pratyaya bhagavAn ke hI kahalAte haiN| isaliye 've bhagavAn ke pratyayoM kA paribhoga karate haiM:aisA na samajhanA caahiye| dhammadAyAdasutta (ma0ni0 1-18) kA prakaraNa hamAre isa kathana meM pramANa (sAdhaka) hai| 4. kSINAsravoM kA paribhoga svAmiparibhoga hai| ve tRSNA kI dAsatA se mukta (atikrAnta) hokara, svAmI banakara una pratyayoM kA paribhoga karate haiN| ina paribhogoM meM dAyAdaparibhoga va svAmiparibhoga sabhI ke liye vihita hai| RNaparibhoga sabake liye vihita nahIM hai| steyaparibhoga kI to bAta hI nahIM! (hA~, eka bAta hai-) zIlavAn kA jo

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visuddhimagga O iNaparibhogassa paccanIkattA ANaNyaparibhogo vA hoti, dAyajjaparibhoge yeva vA saGgrahaM gacchati / sIlavA pi hi imAya sikkhAya samannAgatattA sekkho tveva saGkhyaM gacchati / imesu pana paribhogesu yasmA sAmiparibhogo aggo, tasmA taM patthayamAnena bhikkhunA vRttappakArAya paccavekkhaNAya paccavekkhitvA paribhuJjantena paccayasannissitasIlaM sampAdetabbaM / evaM karonto hi kiccakArI hoti / vuttaM pi cetaM 64 " piNDaM vihAraM sayanAsanaM ca ApaM ca saGghATirajappavAhanaM / sutvAna dhammaM sugatena desitaM saGghAya seve varapaJJasAvako // tasmA hi piNDe sayanAsane ca Ape ca saGghATirajappavAhane / ete dhammesu anUpalitto bhikkhu yathA pokkhare vAribindu // " (khu01-326) kAlena laddhA parato anuggahA khajjesu bhojjesu ca sAyanesu ca / mattaM sa JJa satataM upaTThito vaNassa AlepanarUhane yathA // "kantAre puttamaMsaM va akkhassabbhaJjanaM yathA / evaM AhAre AhAraM yApanatthamamucchito " ti // imassa ca paccayasannissitasIlassa paripUrakAritAya bhAgineyyasaGgharakkhitasAmaNerassa vatthu kathetabbaM / so hi sammA paccavekkhitvA paribhuJji / yathAha pratyavekSita paribhoga hai, vaha RNaparibhoga kA virodhI (pratyanIka) hone se yA to RNarahita paribhoga hotA hai yA dAyAdaparibhoga meM hI saMgRhIta ho jAtA hai| zIlavAn bhI isa zikSA se samanvAgata hone ke kAraNa 'zaikSya' hI kahA jAtA hai| kyoMki ina cAroM paribhogoM meM svAmiparibhoga zreSTha hai, ataH usa kI kAmanA vAle bhikSu ko use ukta prakAra ke pratyavekSaNa se pratyavekSita karake paribhoga karate hue pratyayasannizrita zIla kA sampAdana karanA caahiye| aisA karane vAlA hI 'kRtyakArI' hotA hai| (tripiTaka meM) kahA bhI hai "piNDapAta (bhojana), vihAra (sAdhanAsthala), zayanAsana, jala evaM saGghATi Adi se dhUla jhAr3ate samaya zreSTha prajJAvAn zrAvaka sugata (buddha) dvArA upadiSTa dharma ko smaraNa kara yA suna kara tadanusAra pratyavekSaNa ke sAtha paribhoga kare / "aisA karane se bhojanAdi (uparyukta) dharmoM meM, bhikSu usI taraha lipta (Asakta) nahIM ho pAtA, jaise padmapatra para jalabindu / " (khu01-326) "dUsaroM kI kRpA se samaya para mile khAdya evaM bhojya padArtha tathA zayanAsana meM sarvadA upasthitasmRti evaM pratyavekSaka rahate hue unakA zAstravihita mAtrA meM upabhoga jAne rakhanA cAhiye; jaise ki vraNa kA lepana (marahama lagAnA) Adi jAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai| "jaise kabhI kabhI saba suvidhAoM se zUnya nirjana araNya pradeza (kAntAra) meM putra kA mAMsa taka khAne kI sthiti A jAtI hai yA gAr3I ke pahiye kI dhurI meM taila DAlanA par3atA hai; isI taraha AhArakAla meM pramAdarahita evaM amUrcchita ( amugdha) hokara jIvanayApana ke liye AhAra kA upabhoga kre|" aura isa pratyasannizritazIla kI pUrti meM utsAhavardhaka bhAgineya saGgharakSita zrAmaNera kI (tripiTaka meM AyI ) kathA kA dRSTAnta denA caahiye| vaha zrAmaNera samyakpratyavekSaNAnantara AhAra kA paribhoga karatA thaa| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai

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1. sIlaniddesa " upajjhAyo maM bhuJjamAnaM sAlikUTaM sunibbutaM / ' mA heva tvaM sAmaNera jivhaM jhApesi asaJJato' // upajjhAyassa vaco sutvA saMvegamalabhiM tadA / ekAsane nisIditvA arahattaM apApuNiM // sohaM paripuNNasaGkappo cando pannaraso yathA / sabbAsavaparikkhINo natthi dAni punabbhavo " ti // tasmA aJJa pi dukkhassa patthayanto parikkhayaM / yoniso paccavekkhitvA paTisevetha paccaye ti // evaM pAtimokkhasaMvarasIlAdivasena catubbidhaM // paThamasIlapaJcakaM 65 ( 1 ) pariyantapArisuddhisIlaM 38. paJcavidhakoTThAsassa paThamapaJcake anupasampannasIlAdivasena attho veditabbo / vRttaM taM paTisambhidAyaM "katamaM pariyantapArisuddhisIlaM ? anupasampannAnaM pariyantasikkhApadAnaM, idaM pariyantapArisuddhisIlaM / katamaM apariyantapArisuddhisIlaM ? upasampannAnaM apariyantasikkhApadAnaM, idaM apariyantapArisuddhisIlaM / katamaM paripuNNapArisuddhisIlaM ? puthujjanakalyANakAnaM kusaladhamme ttAnaM sekkhapariyante paripUrakArInaM kAye ca jIvite ca anapekkhAnaM pariccattajIvitAnaM, idaM paripuNNapArisuddhisIlaM / katamaM aparAmaTThapArisuddhisIlaM ? sattannaM sekkhAnaM, idaM aparAmaTTha "mere upAdhyAya ne mujhako, zAli dhAna kA ThIka taraha se siddha, ThaNDhA bhAta (sAlikUTa) khAte dekhakara, kahA-' zrAmaNera ! kahIM aisA na ho ki tuma asaMyata hokara yaha bhAta khAte samaya apanI jIbha jalA baittho|' "upAdhyAya ke ye vacana sunakara mujhe usI samaya aisA sandeha (vyagratA yA vairAgya) utpanna huA / aura maiMne eka hI Asana meM baiThe-baiThe arhattva prApta kara liyA / "vaha maiM (aba) pUrNimA ke candramA ke samAna paripUrNasaGkalpa huuN| mere sabhI Azrava kSINa ho cuke haiM, aba merA punarjanma nahIM hogA / " ataH apane duHkhoM kA anta cAhane vAle anya bhikSu ko bhI samyakpratyavekSaNa kara ke hI pratyayoM kA pratisevana (upabhoga) karanA cAhiye / / yo prAtimokSasavara Adi bheda ke kAraNa zIla cAra prakAra kA hotA hai / / prathama zIlapaJcaka (1) paryantaparizuddhazIla- 38. zIla kA pA~ca prakAra se vibhAjana karate samaya prathama paJcaka meM anupasampanna zIla Adi ke anusAra artha samajhanA caahiye| paTisambhidAmagga meM kahA bhI hai '(1) yaha paryantaparizuddhi zIla kauna sA hai ? anupasampannoM (jinhoMne upasampadA grahaNa nahIM kI hai) ke liye paryanta zikSApadoM (ke upadeza) kA zIla hI 'paryantaparizuddhizIla' kahalAtA hai| (2) aparyantaparizuddhizIla kyA hai? kalyANakarmoM ke saGkalpaka ( saccaritra), kuzala dharmoM ke saMgrahecchu evaM kAya tathA jIvana kI apekSA (paravAha ) na rakhate hue usake tyAga taka bhI sannaddha pRthagjanoM dvArA paryanta pUrNa kiyA jAne vAlA zIla paripUrNaparizuddhizIla hai / (3) aparAmRSTaparizuddhizIla kyA hai?

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visuddhimagga paarisuddhisiilN| katamaM paTippassaddhipArisuddhisIlaM? tathAgatasAvakAnaM khINAsavAnaM paccekabuddhAnaM tathAgatAnaM arahantAnaM sammAsambuddhAnaM, idaM paTippassaddhipArisuddhisIlaM" ti (khu05-47)| . tattha anupasampannAnaM sIlaM gaNanavasena sapariyantattA pariyantapArisuddhisIlaM ti veditabbaM / upasampatrAnaM nava koTisahassAni. asIti stkottiyaa| pAsa satasahassAni chattiMsA ca punApare / ete saMvaravinayA sambuddhena pkaasitaa| . peyyAlamukhena niddiTThA sikkhA vinayasaMvare ti|| (2) apariyantapArisuddhisIlaM 39. evaM gaNanavasena sapariyantaM pi anavasesavasena samAdAnabhAvaM ca lAbhayasajAtiaGgajIvitavasena adiTThapariyantabhAvaM ca sandhAya apariyantapArisuddhisIlaM ti vuttaM, ciragumbavAsikaambakhAdakamahAtissattherassa siilmiv| tathA hi so AyasmA "dhanaM caje aGgavarassa hetu aGgaM caje jIvitaM rkkhmaano| aGgaM dhanaM jIvitaM cApi sabbaM caje naro dhammamanussarantI" ti|| imaM sappurisAnussatiM avijahanto jIvitasaMsaye pi sikkhApadaM avItikkamma tadeva apariyantapArisuddhisIlaM nissAya upAsakassa piTTigato va arahattaM pApuNi / yathAha "na pitA na pi te mAtA na jAti na pi bndhvo| sAta zaikSyoM kA zIla aparAbhRSTaparizuddhi zIla hai| (4) pratiprazrabdhiparizuddhizIla kyA hai? tathAgata ke kSINAsrava ziSyoM kA, pratyekabuddhoM kA, tathAgata arhat samyaksambuddhoM kA zIla pratiprazrabdhiparizuddhizIla hai| ___ inameM, anupasampannoM ke zIla ko gaNanA meM parimita (paryanta) hone se paryantaparizuddhizIla kahate haiN|" upasampannoM ke-nau hajAra karor3a, assI sau karor3a, pAca lAkha, aura chattIsa-itane saMvara samyaksambuddha dvArA prakAzita kiye gaye haiN| jo peyyAlaM (pUrvavat) ke mAdhyama se vinayavibhAga meM nirdiSTa haiN|| (2) aparyantaparizuddhizIla- 39. isa prakAra gaNanAvazAt saparyantazIla ko bhI grahaNa karane evaM lAbha-yaza-jJAti-aGga-jIvana (prANa) ke rUpa meM adRSTaparyanta (jisakI sImA na A~kI jA sake) hone ke kAraNa aparyantaparizuddhi zIla kahA gayA hai| isake udAharaNa meM ciragumbavAsI AmrakhAdaka mahAtipya sthavira kA zIlapAlana kahA jA sakatA hai| jaisA ki usa AyuSmAn ne "apane zreSTha aGga kI rakSA hetu dhana kA moha nahIM karanA caahiye| apane prANoM kI rakSA meM apane eka aGga ke nAza kI bhI paravAha nahIM karanA caahiye|" isa abhiyuktokti (satpuruSAnusmRti) kA parityAga karate hue, prANa jAne kA sandeha hone para bhI zikSApadoM kA ullaGghana na kara usI aparyantaparizuddhizIla ke AdhAra para, upAsaka dvArA apanI pITha pherate hI arhattva prApta kara liyaa| jaisA ki kahA hai "yahA~ na to koI terA pitA hai, na terI mAtA, na terA sambandhI hai, na koI bandhu-bAndhava

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1.sIlaniddesa karotetAdisaM kiccaM sIlavantassa kaarnnaa|| saMvegaM janayitvAna sammasitvAna yoniso| tassa piTThigato santo arahattaM apApuNI" ti / / (3) paripuNNapArisuddhisIlaM 40. puthujanakalyANakAnaM sIlaM upasampadato paTThAya sudhotajAtimaNi viya suparikammakatasuvaNNaM viya ca atiparisuddhattA cittuppAdamattakena pi malena virahitaM arahattasseva padaTThAnaM hoti, tasmA paripuNNapArisuddhI ti vuccati, mahAsaGgharakkhitabhAgineyyasaGkakkhitattherAnaM viy| mahAsaGgharakkhitattheraM kira atikantasaTThivassaM maraNamaJce nipannaM bhikkhusaGgho lokuttarAdhigamaM pucchi| thero-"natthi me lokuttaradhammo" ti Aha / athassa upaTThAko daharabhikkhu Aha-"bhante, tumhe parinibbutA ti samantA dvAdasayojanA manussA sannipatitA tumhAkaM puthujjanakAlakiriyAya mahAjanassa vippaTisAro bhavissatI" ti| "Avuso, ahaM metteyyaM bhagavantaM passissAmI ti na vipassanaM ptttthpesiN| tena hi maM nisIdApetvA okAsaM karohI" ti| so theraM nisIdApetvA bahi nikkhnto| thero tassa saha nikkhamanA va arahattaM patvA accharikAya saJja adaasi| saGgho sannipatitvA Aha-"bhante, evarUpe maraNakAle lokuttaradhammaM nibbattentA dukaraM karitthA" ti| "nAvuso, etaM dukaraM, api ca vo dukkaraM AcikkhissAmi-'ahaM Avuso, pabbajitakAlato paTThAya asatiyA aANapakataM kamma nAma na passAmI" ti| kevala zIlavAna hone ke kAraNa tumane aisA duSkara kArya kara ddaalaa| aura apane meM saMvega (vairAgya) paidA kara, dharmo kA sUkSma vizleSaNa kara usake pITha pherate-pherate hI tumane arhattva prApta kara liyaa|" (3) paripUrNapArizuddhizIla 40. kalyANakarmacchuka pRthagjanoM kA zIla, upasampadA grahaNa karane ke samaya se (=paTThAya) Age bhI, acchI taraha dhoyo ucca jAti kI maNi ke samAna, yA bhalAbhA~ti tapAye gaye suvarNa ke samAna, atiparizuddhi hone se akuzala cittotpAdamAtra dvArA bhI utpanna hone vAle, mUla se rahita arhattva kA hI kAraNa (padasthAna) hotA hai| isaliye yaha paripUrNaparizuddhi zIla kahA jAtA hai| isameM mahAsaGgharakSita evaM bhAgineya sabarakSita sthaviroM kA udAharaNa denA caahiye| mahAsakarakSita sthavira se, jo ki sATha varSa pAra kara cuke the aura mRtyuzaiyyA para leTe hue the, bhikSusaGgha ne unakI lokottaradharma kI adhigati ke viSaya meM pUchA sthavira ne kahA-'mujhe abhI lokAttara dharma (arhattva) prApta nahIM huA hai|" taba unake sevaka (upaTThAka) taruNa bhikSu ne kahA-"bhante! Apako parinirvRta jAnakara cAroM ora ke dvAdaza yojana se darzanArthI zraddhAlu jana ekatra hue haiN| Apa ke isa pRthagjanasadRza dehapAta se bahuta logoM ko nirAza hogI!" (sthavira ne kahA-)"AyuSman! maiM to maitreya bhagavAn ke darzana karane kI pratIkSA meM thA, isIliye maiMne vipazyanA nahIM kii| (aba tuma aisA karo ki) mujhe sahArA dekara baiThA do aura kucha dera mujhe ekAnta de do|" vaha taruNa bhikSu sthavira ko baiThA kara bAhara nikala gyaa| sthavira ne usake nikalane ke sAtha hI arhattva prApta kara cuTakI (=akSarA) bajA kara saMketa kiyA / saGgha ne ekatra hokara sthavira se kahA-"bhante! isa prakAra maraNa-kAla upasthita hone para Apane lokottara dharma prApta kara atyanta duSkara kArya kiyA!" nahIM, AyuSmAno! yaha kyA duSkara hai! apitu maiM Apako apanA duSkara kArya batAU~ ki AyuSmAno! maine pravrajyA ke dina se lekara

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68 visuddhimagga bhAgineyyo pissa paJJAsavassakAle evameva arahattaM pApuNI ti / "appassuto pi ce hoti sIlesu asamAhito / ubhayena naM garahanti sIlato ca sutena ca // appassuto pi ce hoti sIlesu susamAhito / sIlako naM pasaMsanti tassaM sampajjate sutaM // bahussuto pi ce hoti sIlesu asamAhito / sIlato naM garahanti nAssa sampajjate sutaM // bahussuto pi ce hoti sIlesu susamAhito / ' ubhayena naM pasaMsanti sIlena ca sutena ca // bahussutaM dhammadharaM sapa buddhasAvakaM / nekkhaM jambonadasseva ko taM ninditumarahati / devApi naM pasaMsanti brahmanA pi pasaMsito" ti // (aM0 2-9) (4) aparAmaTThapArisuddhisIlaM 41. sekkhAnaM pana sIlaM diTThivasena aparAmaTThattA, puthujjanAnaM vA pana rAgavasena apAmaTThasIlaM aparAmaTThapArisuddhI ti veditabbaM, kuTumbiyaputtatissattherassa sIlaM viy| so hi AyasmA tathArUpaM sIlaM nissAya arahatte patiTThAtukAmo verike Aha'ubho pAdAni bhinditvA saJJapessAmi vo ahaM / Aja taka kabhI bhI svayaM ko smRtirahita rakha, ajJAnapUrvaka koI pramAda (vinayapAlana meM kamI) karate nahIM pAyA / " inake bhAgineya (saGgharakSita sthavira) ne bhI pacAsa varSa kI avasthA meM isI taraha arhattva pA liyA thaa| "yadi kisI ne dharmopadeza kA alpa zravaNa hI kiyA hai aura apane zIlAcAra meM asaMyamI bhI hai to vaha zIla aura zruta-donoM hI dRSTiyoM se janatA dvArA garhita samajhA jAtA hai / / "yadi vaha alpazruta hone para bhI saMyama meM to tatpara hI rahatA ho to usake isa zIla ke kAraNa usakI sabhI prazaMsA karate haiM, yoM usakA vaha alpa dharma-zravaNa bhI sampanna (saphala) ho jAtA hai / / isake viparIta, yadi koI bahuzruta ho parantu usakA apanI indriyoM para saMyama na ho, to isa zIla ke abhAva ke kAraNa janatA meM vaha nindA kA pAtra hI rahatA hai| aura usakI bahuzrutatA bhI taba usake kisI upayoga meM nahIM AtI / "hA~, koI bahuzruta bhI ho aura dRr3ha indriyasaMyamI bhI ho to usakI, isa bahuzrutatA va samAhitatA- donoM ke kAraNa, samAja meM atyadhika prazaMsA hotI hai / / (4) aparAmRSTaparizuddhizIla 41. zaikSyoM kA zIla (-dRSTi) mithyAdRSTi se aparAmRSTa hone ke kAraNa evaM pRthagjanoM kA zIla rAga se aparAmRSTa zIla aparAmRSTa parizuddha jAnanA cAhiye jaise kauTumbikaputra tiSya sthavira kA thA / usa AyuSmAn ne apane usa prakAra ke zIla ke AdhAra para arhattva meM pratiSThita hone kI icchA se apane virodhiyoM ko kahA thA

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1. sIlaniddesa aTTiyAmi harAyAmi sarAgamaraNaM ahaM" ti|| "evAhaM cintayitvA sammasitvAna yoniso| sampatte aruNuggamhi arahattaM apaapunniN"|| ti|| (dI0 40-2-339) aJjataro pi mahAthero bALhagilAno sahatthA AhAraM pi paribhuJjituM asakkonto sake muttakarIse palipanno samparivattati, taM disvA aJjataro daharo-"aho, dukkhA jIvitasaGghArA" ti aah| tamenaM mahAthero Aha-"ahaM, Avuso, idAni miyyamAno saggasampatti labhissAmi, natthi me ettha saMsayo, imaM pana sIla bhinditvA laddhasampatti nAma sikkhaM paccakkhAya paTiladdhagihibhAvasadisI" ti vatvA "sIleneva saddhiM marissAmI" ti tattheva nipano tameva rogaM sammasanto arahattaM patvA bhikkhusaGghassa imAhi gAthAhi byAkAsi "phuTThassa me aJjatarena vyAdhinA rogena bALhaM dukhitassa ruppto| parisussati khippamidaM kaLevaraM puSpaM yathA paMsuni Atape ktN|| ajanaM jaJasaGghAtaM asuciM sucismmt| nAnAkuNapaparipUraM jaJarUpaM apssto|| dhiratthu maM AturaM pUtikAyaM duggandhiyaM asuciM vyAdhidhammaM / yatthappamattA adhimucchitA pajA hApenti maggaM sugatUpapattiyA" ti|| "apane donoM pairoM ko tor3akara maiM una logoM ke pAsa pratibhU (jamAnata) ke rUpa meM rakhatA huuN| maiM (rAga kA kSaya kiye vinA) apanA rAgasahita dehapAta (maraNa) nahIM cAhatA; kyoMki isameM mujhe lajjA va ghRNA kA anubhava ho rahA hai|" ___ "maiMne yaha socate hue bhalIbhA~ti manana karate hue, sUryodaya ke sAtha hI arhattva prApta kara liyA / / " eka anya mahAsthavira bhI, jo ki atyadhika roga ke kAraNa bhojana karane meM bhI asamartha ho gaye the, apane mala-mUtra meM lipaTe, zayanAsana para kisI taraha karavaTa badalate rahate the| unheM dekhakara dUsare kisI bhikSu ke mukha se nikala par3A-"are! ye jIvanasaMskAra kitane duHkhada haiN"| usako ina mahAsthavira ne kahA-"AyuSman! maiM yadi abhI mara jAU~ to mujhe svarga-sukha to mila hI jAyagAisameM sandeha nahIM, parantu isa zIla ko bhaGga kara prApta sampatti (bhikSutva-) zikSA ko tyAga kara gRhastha ho jAne ke samAna hai ataH maiM to zIla ke sAtha hI apanA dehapAta kruuNgaa|"- aisA kahakara unhoMne vahIM leTe leTe usI roga ke viSaya meM manana karate hue arhattva prApta kara vahA~ upasthita bhikSusaca se ye gAthAe~ kahIM "mujhe eka roga hone para, usa roga se atizaya duHkhita evaM pIr3ita merA yaha zarIra par3A par3A sUkha rahA hai, jaise dhUpa yA dhUla meM par3A phUla sUkha jAtA hai|| ("yaha zarIra) jise loga manohara (sundara) kahate haiM, para vastutaH vaha manohara nahIM hai; use loga 'pavitra' kahate haiM, para vastutaH vaha pavitra nahIM hai| kyoMki yaha to taraha-taraha ke maloM se bharA par3A hai| (kevala) yathArtha ko na dekha pAne vAloM ke liye hI yaha manohara yA pavitra ho sakatA hai| "mere isa vyAdhigrasta, durgandhamaya, apavitra svabhAvataH satata rogoM kA zikAra hone vAle (vyAdhidharmA) apavitra zarIra ko dhikkAra (dhiratyu) hai, jisake viSaya meM pramatta (adhimUcchita) hokara loga sugati-prApti kA mArga chor3a baiThate haiN||"

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70 visuddhimagga (5) paTipassaddhipArisuddhisIlaM 42. arahantAdInaM pana sIlaM sabbadarathappaTipassaddhiyA parisuddhattA paTipassaddhipArisuddhI ti veditabbaM / evaM pariyantapArisuddhiAdivasena paJcavidhaM // dutiyasIlapaJcakaM (pahAnasIlAdivasena) 43. dutiyapaJcake pANAtipAtAdInaM pahAnAdivasena attho veditbbo| vuttaM hetaM paTisambhidAyaM ___ "paJca sIlAni-pANAtipAtassa pahAnaM sIlaM, veramaNI sIla, cetanA sIla, saMvaro sIlaM, avItikamo siilN| adinnAdAnassa, kAmesu micchAcArassa, musAvAdassa, pisuNAya vAcAya, pharusAya vAcAya, samphappalApassa, abhijjhAya, vyApAdassa, micchAdiTThiyA, nekkhammena kAmacchandassa, avyApAdena vyApAdassa, AlokasAya thInamiddhassa, avikkhepena uddhaccassa, dhammavavatthAnena vicikicchAya, ANena avijjAya, pAmojena aratiyA, paThamena jhAnena nIvaraNAnaM, dutiyena jhAnena vitakkavicArAnaM, tatiyena jhAnena pItiyA, catutthena jhAnena sukhadukkhAnaM, AkAsAnaJcAyatanasamApattiyA rUpasAya paTighasAya nAnattasajAya, vijJANazcAyatanasamApattiyA AkAsAnaJcAyatanasAya, AkiJcAyatanasamApattiyA vijJaANaJcAyatanasaAya, nevasAnAsAyatanasamApattiyA AkijJAyatanasAya, aniccAnupassanAya niccasAya, dukkhAnupassanAya sukhasajJAya, anattAnupassanAya attasaAya, nibbidAnupassanAya nandiyA, virAgAnupassanAya rAgassa, nirodhAnupassanAya (5) pratiprazradhiparizuddhizIla 42. arhat Adi kA zIla, sabhI duHkhoM kI zAnti ho jAne ke kAraNa, sarvathA parizuddha hone se pratiprazrabdhi (zAnti) parizuddhizIla samajhanA caahiye| yoM, paryantaparizuddhi Adi se zIla pA~ca prakAra kA bhI hotA hai|| . dvitIya zIlapazaka 43. zIla ke isa dvitIya paJcaka-vibhAjana meM prANAtipAta Adi ke prahANAdi bheda se zIla kA vibhAjana samajhanA caahiye| jaise ki paTisambhidAmagga meM kahA gayA hai __ "zIla pA~ca hote haiM- 1. prANAtipAta kA prahANazIla, 2. prANAtipAta se viramaNi (virAma) zIla,3. cetanAzIla, 4.saMvarazIla evaM 5.avyatikrama (anuladdhana) zIla / corI, vyabhicAra, asatyabhASaNa, cugalI, kaThora vacana, vAcAlatA, lobha, pratihiMsA, mithyAdRSTi, naiSkarmya se kAmabhogoM kI icchA kA, avyApAda se vyApAda, sphUrti (AlokasaMjJA) se styAna (zArIrika Alasya) va mRddha (mAnasika Alasya), citta kI ekAgratA se auddhatya, dharma-sambandhI vicAra-vimarza se vicikitsA (sandeha), jJAna se avidyA, prAmodya (prasannatA) se udAsI (arati), prathama dhyAna se kAmacchanda Adi chaha nIvaraNa, dvitIya dhyAna se vitarka-vicAra, tRtIya dhyAna se prIti, caturtha dhyAna se sukha-duHkha, AkAzanantyAyatana kI bhAvanA se rUpasaMjJA pratighasaMjJA nAnAtvasaMjJA, vijJAnAnantyAyatana kI bhAvanA se rUpasaMjJA pratighasaMjJA nAnAtvasaMjJA, vijJAnAnantyAyatana kI bhAvanA se AkAzanantyAyatanasaMjJA, AkiJcanyAyatana kI bhAvanA se vijJAnAnantyAyatanasaMjJA, naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana kI bhAvanA se AkiJcanyAyatanasaMjJA, anityAnupazyanA se nityasaMjJA, duHkhAnupazyanA (duHkha ke avalokana=samIkSaNa) se sukhasaMjJA, anAtmAnupazyanA se

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71 1. sIlaniddesa samudayassa, paTinissaggAnupassanAya AdAnassa, khayAnupassanAya ghanasaJjaya, vayAnupassanAya AyUhanassa, vipariNAmAnupassanAya dhuvasaJJAya, animittAnupassanAya nimittassa, appaNihitAnupassanAya paNidhiyA, suJJatAnupassanAya abhinivesassa, adhipaJadhammavipassanAya sArAdAnAbhinivesassa, yathAbhUtaJANadassanena sammohAbhinivesassa, AdInavAnupassanAya AlayAbhinivesassa, paTisaGghAnupassanAya appaTisaGghAya, vivaTTAnupassana saJJogAbhinivesassa, sotApattimaggagena diTThekaTThAnaM kilesAnaM, sakadAgAmimaggena oLArikAnaM kilesAnaM, anAgamimaggena aNusahagatAnaM kilesAnaM, arahattamaggena sabbakilesAnaM pahAnaM sIlaM, veramaNI....cetanA.... saMvaro.... avItikkamo sIlaM / evarUpAni sIlAni cittassa avippaTisArAya saMvattanti, pAmojjAya, pItiyA, passaddhiyA, somanassAya, AsevanAya, bhAvanAya, bahulIkammAya, alaGkArAya, parikkhArAya, parivArAya, pAripUriyA, ekantanibbidAya, virAgAya, nirodhAya upasamAya, abhijJAya, sambodhAya, nibbAnAya saMvattantI" (khu05-51 ) ti / 44. ettha ca pahAnaM ti koci dhammo nAma natthi aJJatra vRttappakArAnaM pANAtipAtAdInaM anuppaadmttto| yasmA pana taM taM pahAnaM tassa tassa kusaladhammassa patiTThAnaTThena upadhAraNaM hoti, vikampAbhAvakaraNena ca samAdhAnaM, tasmA pubbe vutteneva (13 piTThe) upadhAraNasamAdhAnasaGghAtena sIlanadvena sIlaM ti vuttaM / itare cattAro dhammA tato tato veramaNivasena, tassa tassa saMvaravasena, tadubhayasampayuttacetanAvasena, taM taM avItikkamantassa avItikkamanavasena AtmasaMjJA, nirvedAnupazyanA se nandI (Asakti), vairAgyAnupazyanA se rAga, nirodhAnupazyanA se samudaya (janma), pratinisargAnupazyanA se AdAna, kSayAnupazyanA se ghana (ekatva) saMjJA, vyaya (nAza) kI anupazyanA se AyUhana (rAzikaraNa), vipariNAma (vinAza) kI anupazyanA se dhruvasaMjJA, animittAnupazyanA se nimitta, apraNihitAnupazyanA se praNidhi (nizcaya), zUnyatAnupazyanA se abhiniveza (dharmAtmadRSTi), adhiprajJadharmapazyanA se sAra grahaNa ke abhiniveza, yathAbhUtajJAnadarzana se sammohAbhiniveza, AdInava (doSa) kI anupazyanA se Alaya ( tRSNA - ) abhiniveza, pratisaGkhyA - (prajJA-) anupazyanA se Alaya(tRSNA) abhiniveza, pratisaGkhyA - (prajJA - ) anupazyanA se apratisaGkhyA, vivarta (nirvANa) anupazyanA se saMyojanAbhiniveza, srotaApatti mArga se dRSTijanya klezoM, sakRdAgAmI mArga se sthUla klezoM, anAgAmI mArga se sUkSma klezoM, arhattva mArgoM se sabhI sthUla sUkSma klezoM kA prahANa prahANazIla kahalAtA hai| viramaNi cetanA saMvara...avyatikramazIla kahalAtA hai| "aise zIla citta ko apazcAttApa (avipratisAra) prAmodya, prIti, prazrabdhi (zAnti), saumanasya, Asevana, bhAvanA, bahulIkaraNa (Adhikya) alaGkAra (zobhA), pariSkAra, parivAra, paripUrti, aikAntika vairAgya, glAni (upekSA) nirodha, upazaya, abhijJA, sambodhi evaM nirvANa ke nikaTa pahu~cAne vAle hote haiN|" 44. yahA~ 'prahANa ukta prakAra ke prANAtipAta Adi ke anutpAda ke atirikta koI anya dharma nahIM hai; kyoMki vibhinna (vyaktiza: eka-eka) prahANa usa usa kuzala dharma ke AdhAra (pratiSThAna ) ke artha meM 'dhAraNa karane vAlA' hotA hai evaM kampanAbhAva (sthiratA) ke kAraNa 'samAdhAna' hai; ataH pUrvokta (pRSTha 13) prakAra se hI upadhAraNa- samAdhAnarUpI zIlana artha meM zIla kahA gayA hai| anya viramaNi Adi cAra dharma usa usa ke viramaNa va usa-usa ke saMvara meM, una donoM se

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72 visuddhimagga ca cetaso pavattisabbhAvaM sandhAya vuttaa| sIlaTTho pana tesaM pubbe pakAsito yevA ti / evaM pahAnasIlAdivasena paJcavidhaM // etAvatA ca kiM sIlaM ? kenaTThena sIlaM ? kAnassa lakkhaNa-rasa-paccupaTThAnapadaTThAnAni ? kimAnisaMsaM sIlaM ? katividhaM cetaM sIlaM ? - ti imesaM paJhAnaM vissajjanaM niTThitaM // (6) sIlassa saGkileso 45. yaM pana vRttaM " ko cassa saGkileso ? kiM vodAnaM ?" ti / tatra vadAmakhaNDAdibhAvo sIlassa saGkileso, akhaNDAdibhAvo vodAnaM / so pana khaNDAdibhAvo lAbhayasAdihetukena bhedena ca, sattavidhamethunasaMyogena ca sngghito| tathA hi yassa sattasu Apattikkhandhesu Adimha vA ante vA sikkhApadaM bhinnaM hoti, tassa sIlaM pariyante chinnasATako viya khaNDaM nAma hoti / yassa pana vemajjhe bhinnaM, tassa majjhe chiddasATako viya chiddaM nAma hoti / yassa paripATiyA dve tINi bhinnAni, tassa piTThiyA vA kucchiyA vA uTThitena visabhAgavaNNena kALarattAdInaM aJJatarasarIravaNNA gAvo viya sabalaM nAma hoti / yassa antarantarA bhinnAni, tassa antarantarA visabhAgavaNNabinduvicitrA gAvI viya kammAsaM nAma hoti / eva tAva lAbhAdihetukena bhedena khaNDAdibhAvo hoti / 46. evaM sattavidhamethunasaMyogavasena / vuttaM hi bhagavatA - sampRkta cetanA evaM usa usa kA vyatikrama na karane vAle ke avyatikrama ke rUpa meM citta kI pravRtti kI sattA kA ullekha karate haiN| unake pahale, zIlavAn kA artha batAyA hI jA cukA hai| yoM, prahANazIla Adi bheda se bhI zIla pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai / / itane vyAkhyAna se, zIla kyA hai? kisa artha meM zIla hai? isa zIla ke lakSaNa, rasa, pratyupasthAna evaM padasthAna kyA hai? zIla kA mAhAtmya kyA hai? zIla ke prakAra (bheda) kitane haiM? - ina sabhI (pA~ca) praznoM kA ucita, vistRta evaM zAstrAnukUla uttara de diyA gayA / (6) zIla kA saMkleza 45. unameM aba eka prazna anuttarita raha gayA- isa zIla kA saMkleza evaM vyavadAna (zuddhi) kyA hai ? isake viSaya meM hamArA kahanA hai zIla kA khaNDita ho jAnA zIla kA saMkleza hai aura khaNDita na ho pAnA (akhaNDa rahanA) zIla kA vyavadAna (zuddhi) hai| (1) lAbha-yaza Adi ke kAraNa hue khaNDana meM aura (2) sAta prakAra ke maithuna - saMyoga meM isa khaNDana bhAva kA saMgraha vidvAnoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai| jisakA zikSApada sAta ApattiskandhoM meM se prArambha yA anta meM khaNDita ho jAtA hai, usakA zIla, kinAre para phaTe kapar3e kI bhA~ti, khaNDa (vibhakta ho jAtA hai| aura jisakA zikSApada madhya meM khaNDita ho jAtA hai usakA zIla madhya meM chidrita hue kapar3e kI bhA~ti chidra (chidrita ) kahA jAtA hai| jisakA zikSApada paripATI (krama) se do yA tIna bAra khaNDita ho cukA hai usake zIla ko pITha yA peTa para kAlI citakabarI cittiyoM vAlI gau kI taraha zabala (citakabarA) kahate haiN| jisakA zikSApada ruka-ruka kara khaNDita hotA rahatA hai usake zIla ko idhara udhara cittiyoM ke kAraNa citra vicitra gau ke samAna kalmASa (adhika kAlA raMga mile hue yA cittakabare raMga vAlA) kahate haiN| isa prakAra lAbha Adi ke kAraNa khaNDita hone se 'khaNDita honA' Adi kahalAtA hai|

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1. sIlaniddesa 73 "idha, brAhmaNa, ekacco samaNo vA brAhmaNo vA sammA brahmacArI paTijAnamAno na va kho mAtugAmena saddhiM dvayandvayasamApattiM samApajjati, api ca kho mAtugAmassa ucchAdanaM parimaddanaM nhApanaM sambAhanaM sAdiyati, so tadassAdeti, taM nikAmeti, tena ca vittiM Apajjati / idaM pi kho, brAhmaNa, brahmacariyassa khaNDaM pi chiddaM pi sabalaM pi kammAsaM pi / ayaM vuccati, brAhmaNa, aparisuddhaM brahmacariyaM carati saMyuktto methunena saMyogena, na parimuccati jAtiyA, jarAya, maraNena.... pe0.... na parimuccati dukkhasmA ti vadAmi / (1) " puna ca paraM brAhmaNa idhekacco samaNo vA .... pe0.... paTijAnamAno na heva kho mAtugAmena saddhiM dvayandvayasamApattiM samApajjati / na pi mAtugAmassa ucchAdanaM ....pe...... sAdiyati / api ca kho mAtugAmena saddhiM saJjagghati saGkILati saGkalAyati, so tadassAdeti ....pe..... na parimuccati dukkhasmA ti vadAmi / (2) "puna ca paraM brAhmaNa idhekacco samaNo vA ....pe..... na heva kho mAtugAmena saddhiM dvayandvayasamApattiM samApajjati / na pi mAtugAmassa ucchAdanaM ....pe..... sAdiyati / na pi mAtugAmena saddhiM saJjagghati saMkILati saGkelAyati / api ca kho mAtugAmassa cakkhunA cakkhu upanijjhAyati pekkhati, so tadassAdeti....pe..... na parimuccati dukkhasmA ti vdaami| (3) ' "puna ca paraM brAhmaNa, idhekacco samaNo vA ....pe..... na heva kho mAtugAmena.... na pi mAtugAmassa.... na pi mAtugAmena.... na pi mAtugAmassa.... pe0.... pekkhati / api ca / mAtugAmassa saddaM suNAti tirokuTTA vA tiropAkArA vA hasantiyA vA bhaNantiyA vA gAyana yA vA rodantiyA vA, so tadassAdeti... pe0 dukkhasmA ti vadAmi / (4) 46. isI taraha adholikhita sAta prakAra ke maithuna-saMyoga ke bheda se bhI zIla kA khaNDitabhAva kahA gayA hai| (aGguttaranikAya meM) kahA bhI hai "brAhmaNa! yahA~ koI zramaNa yA brAhmaNa pUrNa rUpa se brahmacArI hone kA dAvA karatA huA kisI strI ke sAtha sambhoga (jor3A khAnA - dvayandvayasamApatti) to nahIM karatA, parantu striyoM se ubaTana lagavAne, mAliza (parimardana) va snAna karavAne yA zarIra dabavAne (sambAhana) kA kAma karAtA hai, vaha usameM rasa letA hai, usako cAhatA hai aura usameM santoSa kA anubhava karatA hai| brAhmaNa! usakA yaha kArya usake brahmacarya kA khaNDa bhI hai, chidra bhI hai, zabala bhI hai aura kalmASa bhI / brAhmaNa ! isI ko kahA jAtA hai ki vaha aparizuddha brahmacarya kA AcaraNa kara rahA hai, maithuna ke saMyoga se yukta hai| aisA puruSa jAti, bur3hApA, mRtyu evaM duHkha se kabhI chuTakArA nahIM pAtA - aisA maiM kahatA huuN| (1) "aura phira brAhmaNa! yadyapi yahA~ koI zramaNa-brAhmaNa...pUrvavat...dAvA karatA huA kisI strI ke sAtha sambhoga nahIM karatA, na kisI strI se ubaTana....kAma karavAtA hai, apitu strI ke sAtha hAsaparihAsa karatA hai, krIr3A karatA hai, manoraJjana karatA hai, usake kriyA-kalApa meM rasa letA hai...vaha duHkha se chuTakArA nahIM pA sakatA aisA merA mAnanA hai / (2) "aura phira, brAhmaNa! yadyapi yahA~ koI zramaNa-brAhmaNa..... pUrvavat...na rasa letA hai, phira bhI vaha striyoM kI ora A~kha se A~kha milAkara dekhatA hai, bAra-bAra dekhatA hai usameM AsvAda (rasa) letA hai... duHkha se nahIM chUTatA - aisA merA kahanA hai / (3) 'aura phira brAhmaNa! yadyapi yahA~ koI zramaNa brAhmaNa....pUrvavat....AsvAda nahIM letA hai; phira bhI dIvAla ke pIche (Ar3a) se yA cahAradIvArI kI oTa se striyoM ke ha~sane, bolane, gAne yA rone ke

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vizuddhimagga " puna ca paraM brAhmaNa, idhekacco samaNo vA.... pe0.... na heva kho mAtugAmena / na pi mAtugAmassa ..... na pi mAtugAmena.... na pi mAtugAmassa.... pe0....rodantiyA vA / api ca kho yAnissa tAni pubbe mAtugAmena saddhiM hasitalapitakILitAni tAni anussarati, so tadassAdeti .pe..... dukkhasmA ti vadAmi / (5) "puna ca paraM, brAhmaNa, idhekacco samaNo vA ....pe..... na heva kho mAtugAmena....pe0....na pi mAtugAmassa....pe..... na pi yAnissa tAni pubbe mAtugAmena saddhiM hasitalapitakILitAni, tAni anusarati / api ca kho passati gahapatiM vA gahapatiputtaM vA paJcahi kAmaguNehi samappitaM samaGgIbhUtaM paricArayamAnaM, so tadassAdeti.... pe0.... dukkhasmA ti vadAmi / (6) "puna ca paraM brAhmaNa, idhekacco samaNo vA ....pe..... na heva kho mAtugAmena.... pe0....na pi pasati gahapatiM vA gahapatiputtaM vA... pe0.... paricArayamAnaM / api ca kho aJJataraM devanikAyaM paNidhAya brahmacariyaM carati -- 'iminAhaM sIlena vA vatena vA tapena vA brahmacariyena vA devo vA bhavissAmi devaJJataro vA' ti / so tadassAdeti, taM nikAmeti, tena ca vittiM Apajjati / idaM pi kho, brAhmaNa, brahmacariyassa khaNDaM pi chiddaM pi sabalaM pi kammAsaM pI" (aM0 3 - 194 ) ti / (7) evaM lAbhAdihetukena bhedena ca sattavidhamethunasaMyogena ca khaNDAdibhAvo saGgahito ti veditabbo // 74 (7) sIlassa vodAnaM 47. akhaNDAdibhAvo pana sabbaso sikkhApadAnaM abhedena, bhinnAnaM ca saMppaTikammAnaM zabda sunatA hai, vaise zabda sunane meM rasa letA hai...duHkha se chuTakArA nahIM pAtA aisI merI mAnyatA hai / (4) " aura phira, brAhmaNa! yadyapi yahA~ koI zramaNa yA brAhmaNa...na strI ke sAtha na strI se...na strI kA.....rone kA zabda sunatA hai; kintu striyoM ke sAtha pUrvakRta hAsa parihAsa, AlApa aura krIr3A ko smaraNa karatA hai, smaraNa kara usameM rasa letA hai...duHkha se nahIM chUTa pAtA - aisA maiM kahatA hU~ / (5) " aura phira, brAhmaNa ! yadyapi yahA~ koI zramaNa....na to strI ke sAtha...na strI se...na strI kA..... na striyoM ke sAtha ...smaraNa karatA hai, apitu vaha paJca kAmaguNoM ke prati samarpita, tallIna va unakA vyavahAra (upabhoga) karane vAle gRhapati yA usake putra ko dekhatA hai, usake vyavahAra meM rasa letA hai... duHkha se chuTakArA nahIM pAtA - aisA maiM kahatA huuN| (6) "aura phira brAhmaNa! yadyapi yahA~ koI zramaNa yA brAhmaNa...na to strI ke sAtha ....na vyavahAra karane vAle gRhapati yA usake putra ko hI dekhatA hai, phira bhI vaha cAturmahArAjika Adi kisI devanikAya (devasamUha) kI prApti kA saGkalpa kara brahmacarya dhAraNa karatA hai ki 'maiM isa zIla, vrata, tapa yA brahmacarya ke prabhAva se devatA ho jaauuN|' vaha usameM AsvAda letA hai, use cAhatA hai, usameM santoSa kA anubhava karatA hai| brAhmaNa! yaha (usake) brahmacarya kA khaNDita honA bhI hai chidrita honA bhI hai, zabalita honA bhI hai aura kalmASita honA bhI / (7) yo usa zIla ke lAbha Adi bheda se tathA saptavidha maithuna ke saMyoga-bheda se khaNDa, chidra, zabala, kalmASa Adi bheda (saMkleza) saMgRhIta hote haiM - vaha jAnanA cAhiye / / 7. zIlavyavadAna 47. usa zIla kA akhaNDatAdibhAva- sarvata: zikSApadoM kA khaNDana na hone ke rUpa meM;

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1. sIlaniddesa - 75 paTikammakaraNena, sattavidhamathunasaMyogAbhAvena ca, aparAya ca kodho upanAho makkho paLAkho issA macchariyaM mAyA sATheyyaM thambho sArambho mAno atimAno mado pamAdo-ti AdInaM pApadhammAnaM anuppattiyA, appicchatA-santuTThitA-sallekhatAdInaM ca guNAnaM uppattiyA sngghito| ___ yAni hi sIlAni lAbhAdInaM pi atthAya abhinnAni, pamAdadosena vA bhinnAni pi paTikammakatAni, methunasaMyogehi vA kodhUpanAhAdIhi vA pApadhammehi anupahatAni, tAni sabbaso akhaNDAni acchiddAni asabalAni akammAsAnI ti vuccnti| tAni yeva bhujissabhAvakaraNato ca bhujissAni, vigrUhi pasatthattA vi pasatthAni, taNhAdiTThIhi aparAmaTThattA aparAmaTThAni, upacArasamAdhi vA appanAsamAdhi vA saMvattayantI ti samAdhisaMvattanikAni ca honti / tasmA nesaM esa akhaNDAdibhAvo 'vodAnaM' ti veditbbo| 48. taM panetaM vodAnaM dvIhAkArehi sampajati-sIlavipattiyA ca AdInavadassanena, sIlasampattiyA ca aanisNsdssnen| tattha "pazcime, bhikkhave, AdInavA dussIlassa sIlavipattiyA" (dI0 2-69) ti evamAdisuttanayena sIlavipattiyA AdInavo dgubbo| ___ api ca dussIlo puggalo dussIlyahetu amanApo hoti devamanussAnaM, ananusAsanIyo sabrahmacArInaM, dukkhito dussIlyagarahAsu, vippaTisArI sIlavataM pasaMsAsu, tAya ca pana dussIlyatAya sANasATako viya dubbaNNo hoti| ye kho panassa diTThAnugatiM Apajjanti, tesaM dIgharattaM apAyadukkhAvahanato dukkhsmphsso| yesaM deyyadhamma paTigaNhAti, tesaM na pratikarma (sudhAra yA saMzodhana) kiye jAne yogya khaNDita zikSApadoM kA sudhAra karane ke rUpa meM; uparyukta saptavidha maithunasaMyoga ke abhAva se; aura anya pApadharmoM, jaise-krodha, upanAha (baddha vaira). mrakSa (dUsaroM ko nIca evaM apane ko ucca dikhAne kA bhAva), pradAza (IrSyAyukta dveSa) IrSyA, mAtsarya, mAyA, zAThya, stambha, hiMsA, mAna, atimAna, mada-pramAda Adi doSoM kI anutpatti ke rUpa meM; evaM alpecchatA, santoSa evaM kaThora tapasyA Adi guNoM kI utpatti ke rUpa meM saMgRhIta hai| jo zIla lAbha-Adi ke liye bhI khaNDita nahIM kiye jAte, yA pramAdavaza bhaGga hone para jinakA pratikarma (prAyazcita) kara liyA jAtA hai; athavA jo zIla maithunasaMyoga yA krodha-upanAha Adi akuzala dharmo se upahata (khaNDita) nahIM hai, ve sabhI anupahata, acchidra tathA azabala,yA akalmASa kahalAte haiN| ve hI (taSNA ke) dAsatva bhAva se makta karAne vAle ata: bhajiSya:vidvAnoM dvArA prazaMsApra hai ataH vidvatprazasta; tRSNAdRSTi se baddha nahIM hai ataH aparAmRSTa; evaM upacAra samAdhi yA arpaNA samAdhi ko prApta karAne vAle haiM ataH samAdhisaMvartanika haiN| yoM, una zIloM kA yaha akhaNDAdi bhAva hI usakI 'vizuddhi hai| 48. pira vaha zIlavizuddhi do prakAra se sampanna hotI hai- 1.zIlavipatti arthAt zIla kA khaNDita honA Adi ke doSa-darzana se evaM 2.zIlasampatti (zIlasaMgraha) ke mAhAtmya-darzana se| inameM "bhikSuo! duzIla kI zIla-vipatti meM pA~ca doSa haiM"- (dI0 2-69) ityAdi sUtravacanoM ke anusAra zIlavipatti meM doSa dekhanA caahiye| aura phira, duHzIla pudgala 1. svayaM duHzIla hAne ke kAraNa, devatAoM aura manuSyoM ke liye durdarzana (amanApa ghRNAspada) hotA hai; 2. apane sabrahmacAriyoM ke liye vaha anuzAsanIya nahIM raha jAtA: 3. loka meM apane usa durAcAra kI nindA ke kAraNa duHkhI rahatA hai; (usake viparIta) 4. loka meM zIlavAnoM kI prazaMsA se pachatAtA rahatA hai, 5 aura vaha apanI usa duzIlatA ke kAraNa sana ke

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35 visuddhimagga mahapphalakaraNato appagyo / anekavassagaNikagUthakUpo viya dubbisodhno| chavAlAtamiva ubhato pribaahiro| bhikkhubhAvaM paTijAnanto pi abhikkhu yeva gogaNaM anubandhagadrabho viya, satatubbiggo sabbaverikapuriso viya, asaMvAsAraho matakaLevaraM viy| sutAdiguNayutto pi sabrahmacArInaM apUjAraho susAnaggi viya braahmnnaanN| abhabbo visesAdhigame andho viya ruupdssne| nirAso saddhamme caNDAlakumArako viya rajje / 'sukhitosmI' ti maJamAno pi dukkhito va aggikkhandhapariyAye vuttdukkhbhaagitaay| 49. dussIlAnaM hi paJcakAmaguNaparibhogavandanamAnanAdisukhassAdagadhitacittAnaM tappaccayaM anussaraNamattenApi hadayasantApaM janayitvA uNhalohituggArappavattanasamatthaM atikaTukaM dukkhaM dassento sabbAkArena paccakkhakammavipAko bhagavA Aha "passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, amuM mahantaM aggikkhandhaM AdittaM sampajalitaM sajotibhUtaM"ti?"evaM, bhnte"ti|"tN kiM maJatha, bhikkhave, katamaM nu kho paraM yaM amuM mahantaM aggikkhandhaM AdittaM sampajalitaM sajotibhUtaM AliGgatvA upanisIdeyya vA upanipajeyya vA, yaM khattiyakarja vA brAhmaNakakaM vA gahapatikajaM vA mudutalunahatthapAdaM AliGgatvA upanisIdeyya vA upanipajjeyya vA" ti? "etadeva, bhante, varaM yaM khattiyakalaM vA....pe0....upanipajeyya vaa| dukkhaM hetaM, bhante, yaM amuM mahantaM aggikkhandhaM.... pe0.... vastroM kI taraha durvarNa ho jAtA hai| jo loga isa durAcArI kA anusaraNa karate haiM ve cirakAla taka apAya-durgati-yoniyoM meM duHkha bhogate hue duHkha ke bhAgI hote haiN| vaha jinakA dAna grahaNa karatA hai unakA vaha apAtra ko dAna, alpaphala hone ke kAraNa, loka meM alpapUjArha hI ho pAtA hai; aneka varSoM se bharate jA rahe malakUpa kI taraha usakA zodhana (saphAI) duSkara hotA hai| citA kI jalane se bacI lakar3I ke samAna vaha donoM ora (zrAmaNyaphala evaM sAMsArika sukha) se nirarthaka ho jAtA hai; vaha bhikSu hone kA dAvA karatA huA bhI vastutaH abhikSu hI hai| vaha to aisA hI hai jaise gAyoM ke bIca gadhA cala rahA ho| vaha sabase vaira rakhane ke kAraNa sadaiva udvigna rahatA hai| use koI bhI apane pAsa baiThA kara usI taraha prasanna nahIM hotA jaise koI zava ko apane pAsa rakha kara prasanna nahIM hotaa| zruta Adi guNoM se yukta hotA huA bhI vaha apane sabrahmacAriyoM meM usI taraha sammAnAspada nahIM ho pAtA jaise brAhmaNoM ke liye zmazAna kI agni| vaha vizeSa (mArga-phala) kI prApti meM asamartha evaM rUpadarzana kI vAstavikatA pahacAnane meM andhe ke samAna hai| saddharma kI prApti meM vaha usI taraha asaphala yA ayogya hotA hai jaise koI cANDAlaputra kahIM kA rAjya pAne meM ayogya hotA hai| vaha duzIla 'maiM sukhI hU~'-aisA mAnate hue bhI vastutaH duHkhI hI rahatA hai; kyoMki vaha agniskandhaparyAyasUtra (aM0 ni03-251) meM kathita duHkhoM kA bhAgI rahatA hai| 49. bhagavAn ne pA~ca kAmaguNoM ke paribhoga, vandana, mAna Adi kA sukhoM ke AsvAda meM lubdha cittavAle ina duHzIloM ke anusmaraNamAtra se hRdaya meM santApa ke utpAdaka, uSNa rakta kA vamana karA dene meM samartha evaM atitIvra pIr3AdAyaka duHkhoM kA pratyakSa karmavipAka yoM dikhAyA hai "bhikSuo! dekha rahe ho isa jalate lapalapAte camakate agnipuJja ko?" "hA~, bhante!" "to kyA mAnate ho, bhikSuo! isa jalate lapalapAte camakate mahAn agnipua ko AliGgana meM lekara baiThanA yA leTanA acchA hai yA kisI ati sukomala hAtha paira vAlI kSatriya, brAhmaNa yA gRhapati kI kanyA ko AliGganabaddha kara baiThanA yA leTanA acchA hai?" "bhante! mahAn agnipua ko AliGganabaddha karane kI apekSA to yahI acchA hogA ki hama kisI.. gRhapati kanyA ko AliGganabaddha kara baiThe yA leTe raheM;

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1. sIlaniddesa 77 upanipajjeyya vA" ti| "ArocayAmi vo, bhikkhave, paTivedayAmi vo, bhikkhave, yathA etadeva tassa varaM dussIlassa pApadhammassa asucisaGkassarasamAcArassa paTicchannakammantassa assamaNassa samaNapaTiJassa abrahmacArissa brahmacAripaTiJassa antopUtikassa avassutassa kasambujAtassa yaM amuM mahantaM aggikkhandhaM ....pe0....upanipajjeyya vaa| taM kissa hetu? tato nidAnaM hi so, bhikkhave, maraNaM vA nigaccheyya maraNamattaM vA dukkhaM, na tveva tappaccayA kAyassa bhedA paraM maraNA apAyaM duggatiM vinipAtaM nirayaM upapajjeyyA" ti (aM0 ni03-251)| evaM aggikkhandhUpamAya itthipaTibaddhapaJcakAmaguNaparibhogapaccayaM dukkhaM dassetvA eteneva upAyena (ka) "taM kiM maJatha, bhikkhave, katamaM nu kho varaM yaM balavA puriso daLhAya vALarajuyA ubho jacA veThetvA ghaMseyya, sA chaviM chindeyya, chaviM chetvA cammaM chindeyya, camma chetvA maMsaM chindeyya, masaM chetvA nhALaM chindeyya, nhAruM chetvA aTuiM chindeyya, arTi chetvA aTThimijaM Ahacca tiTThayya? yaM vA khattiyamahAsAlAnaM vA brAhmaNamahAsAlAnaM vA gahapatimahAsAlAnaM vA abhivAdanaM sAdiyeyyA ti ca? (kha)"taM ki maJatha, bhikkhave, katamaM nu kho varaM yaM balavA puriso tiNhAya sattiyA teladhotAya paccorasmi pahareyya? yaM vA khattiyamahAsAlAnaM vA brAhmaNamahAsAlAnaM vA gahapatimahAsAlAnaM vA aJjalikammaM sAdiyeyyA ti ca? kyoMki isa mahAn agnipua ko AliGganabaddha kara baiThanA to atyanta pIr3Akara ho jaaygaa|" "bhikSuo! maiM tuma se kahatA hU~, tumheM batAtA hU~ ki usa duHzIla, pApI, apavitra mala kI rAzi ke sadRza, sandigdha pracchanna karmayukta, azramaNa hote hue bhI zramaNabhAva kA dAvA karane vAle, abrahmacArI hote hue bhI brahmacAritva kA dAvA karane vAle, Abhyantara (mAnasika) apavitratA se pUrNa, mithyAzruta (avazruta) arthAt gurumukha se sune hue ko ulaTa dene vAle, kUr3e kI rAzi ke sadRza vyakti ke liye to yahI adhika acchA hogA ki vaha aisA jIvana jIne kI apekSA usa agnipuJja ko AliGganabaddha kara baiThe yA leTa jAya / vaha kyoM? vaha isaliye bhikSuo! ki vaha agnipua ko AliGganabaddha karane ke kAraNa mara sakatA hai yA maraNatulya kaSTa pA sakatA hai; parantu isa kAraNa marane ke bAda usakA patana, usakI durgati yA usakA kinhIM narakayoniyoM meM janma to nahIM hogA!' isa prakAra, isa agnipuJja kI upamA dvArA striyoM se sampRkta pA~ca kAmaguNoM ke paribhoga se hone vAle duHkha kA varNana kara bhagavAn ne isase Age usI upAya (paddhati) se sAta dRSTAntoM se saptavidha duHkhoM kA aura bhI vistRta varNana kiyA hai (ka)"to kyA mAnate ho, bhikSuo! kauna sI bAta tumheM acchI lagatI hai ki (1) koI balavAn puruSa sudRr3ha, ghor3e kI pU~cha ke bAloM se banI rassI se kisI ke donoM pairoM kI donoM jA~ghoM ko ba~dhavA kara itanA ragar3e ki vaha rassI. usakI jA~ghoM kI UparI tvacA ko kATa de, use kATa kara bhItarI tvacA ko bhI kATa kara mA~sa ko bhI kATa DAle, mAMsa ko kATa kara snAyuoM (moTI nasoM) ko bhI kATa DAle, yoM vaha srAyuoM ko kATa kara kramazaH asthi ko kATatI huI majjA para jAkara ruke yA (2) yaha acchA lagatA hai-koI kSatriya mahAsAra (jisake koSa meM sau karor3a kI sampatti ho-(dra0 abhi0 ppa0 337-39), brAhmaNa mahAsAra yA gRhapati mahAsAra tumheM abhivAdana kare?" (kha) "to kyA mAnate ho, bhikSuo! (1) kyA yaha acchA hai ki-koI balavAn puruSa taila se

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78 visuddhimagga (ga)"taM kiM maJjatha, bhikkhave, katamaM nu kho varaM yaM balavA puraso tattena ayopaTTena Adittena sampajjalitena sajotibhUtena kArya sampaliveTheyya, yaM vA khattiyamahAsAlAnaM vA brAhmaNamahAsAlAnaM vA gahapatimahAsAlAnaM vA saddhAdeyyaM cIvaraM paribhu yyA ti ca? (gha) "taM kiM matha, bhikkhave, katamaM nu kho varaM yaM balavA puriso tattena ayosaGkanA Adittena sampajalitena sajotibhUtena mukhaM vivaritvA tattaM lohaguLaM AdittaM sampajjalitaM sajotibhUtaM mukhe pakkhipeyya, taM tassa oTuM pi Daheyya, mukhaM pi, jivhaM pi, kaNThaM pi, udaraM pi Daheyya, antaM pi, antaguNaM pi AdAya adhobhAgaM nikkhameyya, yaM vA khattiya brAhmaNa gahapatimahAsAlAnaM vA saddhAdeyyaM piNDapAtaM paribhuJjeyyA ti ca? _(Ga) "taM kiM maJjatha, bhikkhave, katamaM nu kho varaM yaM balavA puriso sIse vA gahetvA khandhe vA gahetvA tattaM ayomaJcaM vA ayopIThaM vA AdittaM sampajjalitaM sajotibhUtaM abhinisIdApeyya vA abhinipajjApeyya vA, yaM vA khattiyaH brAhmaNa gahapatimahAsAlAnaM vA saddhAdeyyaM maJcapIThaM paribhuJjeyyA ti ca? (ca) "taM kiM maJjatha, bhikkhave, katamaM nu kho varaM yaM balavA puriso uddhapAdaM adhosiraM gahetvA tattAya ayokumbhiyA pakkhipeyya AdittAya sampajalitAya sajotibhUtAya, so tattha pheNuddehakaM paccamAno sakiM pi uddhaM gaccheyya, sakiM pi adho gaccheyya, sakiM pi tiriyaM gaccheyya, yaM vA khattiya.... brAhmaNa.... gahapatimahAsAlAnaM vA saddhAdeyyaM vihAraM paribhuJjeyyA?" (aM0 ni0 3-252) ti c| bhIgI tIkhI churI se ThIka chAtI para prahAra kare yA (2) yaha acchA hai ki kisI kSatriya, brAhmaNa yA gRhapati mahAsAra ke dvArA hAtha jor3akara kiye gaye praNAma ko svIkAra kare?" . (ga) "to kyA mAnate ho, bhikSuo! ki (1) kyA yaha acchA hai ki kisI balavAn puruSa ke dvArA jalate lapalapAte camakate lohe ke patra dvArA zarIra ko pariveSTita karavAyA jAya (2) yA yaha acchA hai ki kisI kSatriya brAhmaNa yA gRhapati mahAsAra dvArA pradatta cIvara se vaha zarIra DhakA jAya?" (gha) to kyA mAnate ho, bhikSuo! ki (1) kyA yaha acchA hai-koI balavAn puruSa tapatI, jalatI, lapalapAtI, camakatI lohe kI sa~r3asI se mu~ha khola kara usameM tapatA, jalatA, lapalapAtA, camakatA lohe kA golA DAle taba vaha usakA oTha bhI, mukha bhI, kaNTha bhI, udara bhI jalAye aura vaha bar3I A~toM va choTI A~toM ko lekara nIce se nikale, yA (2) yaha acchA hai ki kisI kSatriya, brAhmaNa yA gRhapati mahAsAra dvArA zraddhApradatta piNDapAta kA paribhoga kiyA jAya?' (Ga) to kyA mAnate ho, bhikSuo! inameM kauna sI bAta tumheM acchI lagatI hai-(1) kyA koI balavAn puruSa zira yA kandhA pakaDa kara tapate lapalapAte jalate lohe kI cArapAI yA caukI para baiThAye; liTAye? yA (2) kisI kSatriya brAhmaNa yA gRhapati mahAsAra dvArA zraddhApUrvaka pradatta cArapAI yA caukI (maJcapITha) kA upabhoga kare?" (ca) "to kyA mAnate ho, bhikSuo! tumheM kyA acchA lagatA hai ki (1) koI balavAn puruSa kisI ko Upara paira aura nIcA sira (yoM ulaTA laTakA) kara tapatI jalaMtI, lapalapAtI lauha-kumbhI (lohe ke bar3e kaTAha ) meM DAla de aura vaha vahA~ jhAga chor3akara pakate hue kabhI Upara, kabhI nIce yA kabhI tirache ulaTa-pulaTa hotA rahe? yA (2) phira kisI kSatriya brAhmaNa yA gRhapati mahAsAra dvArA nirmApita vihAra kA (svasAdhanAhetu) upabhoga kare?"

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1. sIlanidesa 50. imAhi vAlarajju-tiNhasatti-ayopaTTa-ayoguLa-ayomaJca-ayopIThaayokumbhIupamAhi abhivAdanaaJjalikammacIvarapiNDapAtamaJcapIThavihAraparibhogapaccayaM dukkhaM dssesi| tasmA aggikkhandhAliGgana- dukkhaadikdukkhkttukphlN| avijahato kAmasukhaM sukhaM kuto bhinnsiilss||1|| abhivAdanasAdane kiM nAma sukhaM vipannasIlassa! daLhavALarajjudhaMsana- dukkhAdhikadukkhabhAgissa // 2 // saddhAnaM aJjalikammasAdane kiM sukhaM asIlassa! sattippahAradukkhAdhimattadukkhassa yaM hetu // 3 // cIvaraparibhogasukhaM kiM nAma asaMyatassa yena ciraM! / anubhavitabbo niraye jalitaayopaTTasamphasso // 4 // madhuro pi piNDapAto halAhalavisUpamo asiilss| AdittA gilitabbA ayoguLA yena cirarattaM // 5 // * sukhasammato pi dukkho asIlino mnycpiitthpribhogo| yaM bAdhissanti ciraM jalitaayomaJca-pIThAni // 6 // 50. yoM, bhagavAn ne ina 1. bAloM kI rassI. 2. tIkSNa churI (zakti), 3. tapate capaTe lohe kA patra, 4. tapate lohe kA golA, 5. agni se tapatI lohe kI cArapAI yA takhtA, 6 tapate lohe kA kaTAha- ina chaha upamAoM se abhivAdana, karabaddha praNAma, cIvara, piNDapAta, zayanAsana (caukI, cArapAI), vihAra ke paribhoga kI apekSA dvArA duHkhoM kA vizada varNana kiyA hai| isaliye jo agnipua ke AliGgana se samudbhUta duHkha se bhI apekSAkRta adhika kaSTadAyaka evaM kaTu . phala dene vAle kAma-sukha ko nahIM tyAgatA, aise khaNDitazIla pudgala ko sukha kahA~! / / 1 / / sudRDha rassI ke bandhana-gharSaNa se janya duHkha se bhI adhika duHkha bhogane vAle vipannazIla (vinaSTa zIla vAle) vyakti ko kSatriya brAhmaNAdi dvArA kRta abhivAdana meM kyA sukha mila sakatA hai! ||2|| zraddhAluoM kA sAali praNAma svIkAra karane meM khaNDitazIla vyakti ko kyA sukha milegA, jaba ki usakA khaNDita zIla hI usa zaktiprahAra se hone vAle duHkha se bhI adhika duHkha kA utpAdaka hai ! / / 3 / / usa zIlarahita asaMyamI ke liye cIvaraparibhoga kA kyA sukha milegA jaba ki use, usa asaMyama ke kAraNa naraka meM jAka, jalate lauhapatra kA sparza sahana karanA par3atA hai! / / 4 / / usa zIlarahita ke liye madhura bhikSAnna bhI halAhala viSa ke samAna hai, jisake (zIlarAhitya ke) kAraNa use dIrghakAla taka jalatA huA ayogolaka (lohe kA golA) mukha meM rakhanA par3atA hai||5|| atyadhika sukhaparibhoga kI upasthiti bhI usa azIlavAn ke liye duHkhena labhya hI kahI jAnI cAhiye, kyoMki use to apane kiye pApoM kA phala bhogane ke liye lohe kI banI cArapAI kA upabhoga karanA hai!||6||

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visuddhimagga dussIlassa vihAre saddhAdeyyamhi kA nivAsarati ! jAlatesu nivasitabbaM yena ayokumbhimjjhesu||7|| saGkassarasamAcAro kasambujAto avassuto paapo| antopUtI ti ca yaM nindanto Aha lokagaru // 8 // dhI jIvitaM asaJatassa tassa smnnjnvesdhaariss| assamaNassa upahataM khatamattAnaM vahantassa // 9 // gUthaM viya kuNapaM viya maNDanakAmA vivajjayantIdha / yaM nAma sIlavanto santo kiM jIvitaM tassa // 10 // sabbabhayehi amutto mutto sabbehi adhigmsukhehi| supihitasaggadvAro apAyamaggaM samArULho // 11 // karuNAya vatthubhUto kAruNikajanassa nAma ko anyo| dussIlasamo dussIlatAya iti bahuvidhA dosA ti // 12 // evamAdinA paccavekkhaNena sIlavipattiyaM AdInavadassanaM, vuttappakAraviparItato sIlasampattiyA AnisaMsadassanaM ca veditabbaM / __51. api ca tassa pAsAdikaM hoti pttciivrdhaarnnN| pabbajjA saphalA tassa yassa sIlaM sunimmalaM // 1 // duHzIla kI zraddhA se banavAye vihAroM meM bhI kyA Asakti ho pAyagI jaba ki use svakRta pApoM ke phalasvarUpa lohe ke bane kar3AhoM kI hI tIvra tapana sahanI hai!|| 7 / / jisa (duHzIla) kI nindA meM lokaguru bhagavAn ne svazrImukha se svayaM kahA hai ki vaha pApI to (janamAnasa meM) sandigdha jIvana bitAne vAlA, kUr3e-karkaTa ke samAna (tyAjya), zruta ke viruddha AcaraNakartA evaM hRdaya se azuci (kaluSita) ataeva lokanindita hI mAnA jAnA caahiye|| 8 / / usake jIvana ko dhikkAra hai; kyoMki asaMyamI hone se vaha zramaNa-veSadhArI hokara bhI amaNa bhAva se dUra hai| vaha (apane duSkarmoM se) apane hI jIvana kI jar3a khoda rahA hai!|| 9 / / jisako samAja meM apanA yaza cAhane vAle zIlavAn jana gUtha (mala) va sar3e murde kI taraha apane pAsa bhI nahIM phaTakane dete, use dUra se hI bhagA dete haiM, aise duHzIla ke jIvana se kyA lAbha!" ||10 // (duHzIla to ) sarva prakAra ke bhaya se ghirA huA (amukta) tathA sabhI mArga-phala- prApti-sukhoM se dUra hai, vaJcita hai aura jisake liye svarga kA dvAra sadA ke liye banda ho cukA hai tathA vaha apAya (naraka-) mArga para jAne ke liye apane kadama bar3hA cukA hai|| 11 / / (bhalA batAiye) karuNAvAnoM kI karuNA kA pAtra aise duHzIloM ke atirikta kise kahA jA sakatA hai jisameM duHzIlatA ke kAraNa aneka prakAra ke doSa ghara kara gaye haiM! / / 12 / / - isa prakAra pratyavekSaNa se, zIla ke kSaya meM doSa-darzana evaM isake viparIta zIlasampatti ke mAhAtmyadarzana ko samajhanA caahiye| 51. (zIla-sampatti ke mAhAtmya meM) aura bhI kahA gayA hai jisa bhikSu kA zIla svaccha (prAsAdika sabhI janoM ko prasanna karane vAlA) hai usakA pAtracIvara dhAraNa karanA evaM pravrajyA (bhikSubhAva) grahaNa karanA saphala hai|| 1 / /

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1. sIlaniddesa attAnuvAdAdibhayaM suddhasIlassa bhikkhuno| andhakAraM viya raviM hadayaM nAvagAhati // 2 // sIlasampattiyA bhikSu sobhamAno tpovne| pabhAsampattiyA cando gagane viya sobhati // 3 // kAyagandho pi pAmojaM sIlavantassa bhikkhuno| karoti api devAnaM sIlagandhe kathA va kaa||4|| sabbesaM gandhajAtAnaM sampattiM abhibhuyyti| avighAtI disA sabbA sIlagandho pavAyati // 5 // appakA pi katA kArA sIlavante mhpphlaa| hontI ti sIlavA hoti pUjAsakArabhAjanaM // 6 // sIlavantaM na bAdhanti AsavA didvdhmmikaa| samparAyikadukkhAnaM mUlaM khaNati siilvaa||7|| yA manussesu sampatti yA ca devesu smpdaa|| na sA sampannasIlassa icchato hoti dullbhaa|| 8 // accantasantA pana yA ayaM nibbaansmpdaa| mano sampannasIlassa tameva anudhAvati // 9 // sabbasampattimUlamhi sIlamhi iti pnnddito| anekAkAravokAraM AnisaMsaM vibhAvaye ti||10|| zuddhazIla bhikSu ke mana meM svanindA Adi kA bhaya vaise hI nahIM rahatA jaise sUrya ke prakAza meM andhakAra ||2|| sva-zIlasampatti ke kAraNa bhikSu tapovana meM vaise hI zobhita hotA hai, jaise AkAza meM apanI prabhA-sampatti se candramA zobhita hotA hai||3|| zIlavAn bhikSu ke zarIra kI sugandha hI devatAoM ko AhvAdita kara detI hai, phira usake sIla kI gandha kA to kahanA hI kyaa!|| 4 / / isa zIla kI gandha sabhI prakAra kI gandhoM ko abhibhUta karatI (dabAtI) huI sabhI dizAoM meM abAdha rUpa se pravAhita hotI rahatI hai||5|| 'zIlavAn ke prati kiyA gayA alpamAtra bhI upakAra mahAn phaladAyI hotA hai-aisA jAnakara sajjanoM dvArA vaha pUjA aura sammAna kA pAtra bana jAtA hai / / 6 / / zIlavAn ko laukika Asrava (cittavikAra) pIr3ita nahIM krte| aura vaha svadharmasAdhanA se pAralaukika duHkhoM ko to samUla hI naSTa kara DAlatA hai / / 7 / / manuSyoM yA devatAoM ke adhIna jo bhI sampatti hai vaha zIlavAn ko, icchA karane para, kucha bhI durlabha nahIM hotii|| 8 // itane para bhI, zIlasampanna bhikSu kA mana to atyanta zAnta nirvANa pada kI ora hI daur3atA hai|||9|| yoM, sarvasampattimUlaka isa zIla ke viSaya meM paNDita (buddhimAna) janoM ko isake anekavidha mahAtmya yA guNa ke viSaya meM samyaktayA jJAna prApta kara lenA cAhiye / / 10 / /

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82 visuddhimaga evaM hi vibhAvayato sIlavipattito ubbijjitvA sIlasampattininnaM mAnasaM hoti| tasmA yathAvuttaM imaM sIlavipattiyA AdInavaM imaMcasIlasampattiyA AnisaMsaM disvA sabbAdarena sIlaM vodApetabbaM ti|| 52. ettAvatA ca 'sIle patiTThAya naro sapao' ti imissA gAthAya sIlasamAdhipAmukhena desite visuddhimagge sIlaM tAva paridIpitaM hoti| iti sAdhujanapAmojatthAya kate visuddhimagge sIlanideso nAma paThamo pricchedo|| isa prakAra cintana-manana (vibhAvanA=) karane vAloM kA mana zIlavipatti kI ora se udAsIna hokara zIlasampatti kI prApti kI tarapha jhukA rahatA hai| ataH yathAkathita zIlavipatti ke doSa tathA isa zIlasampatti kA mAhAtmya dekhakara sarvathA Adara ke sAtha svakIya zIla ko parizuddha karanA caahiye| 52. yahA~ taka 'sIle patidvAya naro sapao' isa gAthA ke sahAre, zIla samAdhi evaM prajJA ke bheda se upadiSTa isa vizuddhimArga grantha meM zIla kA vivaraNa sAGgopAGga (paridIpita) huaa| sAdhujanoM ke pramodahetu racita isa vizuddhimArga (grantha) meM zIlanirdeza nAmaka prathama pariccheda samApta /

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2. dhutaGganiddeso (dutiyo paricchedo) 1. idAni yehi appicchatAsantuTThitAdIhi guNehi vRttappakArassa sIlassa vodAnaM hoti, te guNe sampAdetuM yasmA samAdinnasIlena yoginA dhutaGgasamAdAnaM kAtabbaM / evaM hissa appicchatAsantuTThitAsallekhapavivekApacayaviriyArambhasubharatAdiguNasalilavikkhAlitamalaM sIlaM ceva suparisuddhaM bhavissati, vatAni ca sampajjissanti / iti anavajjasIlabbataguNaparisuddhasabbasamAcAro poMrANe ariyavaMsattaye patiTThAya catutthassa bhAvanArAmatAsaGgrAtassa ariyavaMsassa adhigamAraho bhavissati, tasmA dhutaGgakathaM ArabhissAma / raGgA 2. bhagavatA hi paricca lokAmisAnaM kAye ca jIvite ca anapekkhAnaM anulomapaTipadaM yeva ArAdhetukAmAnaM kulaputtAnaM terasa dhutaGgAni anuJJatAni / seyyathIdaM - 1. paMsukUlikaGga, 2. tecIvarikaGga, 3. piNDapAtikaGgaM, 4. sapadAnacArikaGga, 5. ekAsanika, 6. pattapiNDikaGgaM, 7. khalupacchAbhattikaGgaM, 8. AraJJikaGga, 9. rukkhamUlikaGga, 10. abbhokAsikaGgaM, 11. sosAnikaGga, 12. yathAsanthatikaGga, 13. nesajjikaGgaM ti / tesaM atthAdito vinicchayo atthato lakkhaNAdIhi samAdAnavidhAnato / tattha dhutAGganirdeza (dvitIya pariccheda) dhutAGgakathA - prayojana 1. aba maiM dhutAGga - kathA kA Arambha karU~gA; kyoMki jina alpecchutA, santoSa Adi guNoM dvArA prathama zIlanirdeza meM ukta prakAra ke zIla kI vizuddhi (= vyavadAna) hotI hai, una guNoM kI prApti ke liye zIla kA pAlana karane vAle yogAvacara ko ina dhutAGgoM kA dhAraNa karanA atyAvazyaka hai| yoM, . isa yogAvacara ke alpecchutA, santoSa, viveka, klezakSaya, kuzala ke liye udyoga evaM alpa AvazyakatAoM (= subharatA) vAlA honA Adi guNarUpI jala se prakSAlita zIla bhI parizuddha hogA evaM vrata bhI pUrNa hoNge| isa taraha jaba usa yogI kA AcaraNa, abhinandanIya zIlavratarUpI guNo dvArA zuddha ho jAyagA, taba vaha prAcIna yogiyoM dvArA paripAlita AryavaMzatraya (1 cIvara, 2 piNDapAta evaM 3 zayanAsana se santoSa) pratiSThita hokara caturtha bhAvanArAmatA' nAmaka AryavaMza kI prApti ke yogya hogaa| ataH yogAvacara bhikSu ko ina saba dhutAGgoM kA jJAna karAne ke liye yahA~ dhutAGgavarNana Avazyaka hai| teraha dhutAGgoM kA nAma 2. bhagavAn ne lAbha - satkAra Adi laukika bhoga (loka - AmiSa) ke tyAgI, zarIra aura jIvana ke prati nirapekSa (beparavAha ) evaM anuloma pratipadA ( = vipazyanA ) ko hI pUrNa karane ke icchuka kulaputroM ke hitArtha teraha (13) dhutAnoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| ve teraha dhutAGga ye haiM 1. pAMzukUlikAma, 2. traicIvarikAGga, 3. piNDapAtikAGga 4 sApadAnacArikAGga 5. aikAsanikAsa, 6 pAtrapiNDikAma, 7 khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga, 8. AraNyikAGga 9 vRkSamUlikAma. 10. AbhyavakAzikAGga 11. zmAzAnikAma, 12 yAthAsaMsthitikAGga evaM 13 naiSadhikAGgaH /

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visuddhimagga pabhedato bhedato ca tassa tssaanisNsto||1|| kusalattikato ceva dhutAdInaM vibhaagto|| samAsabyAsato cApi vijJAtabbo vinicchyo||2|| 3. tattha atthato ti tAva-pathika-susAna-saMkArakUTAdInaM yattha katthaci paMsUna upari ThitattA abbhuggataThUna tesu tesu paMsukUlamivA ti paMsukUlaM / atha vA paMsu viya kucchitabhAvaM ulatI ti paMsukUlaM, kucchitabhAvaM gacchatI ti vuttaM hoti / evaM laddhanibbacanassa paMsukUlassa dhAraNaM paMsukUlaM, taM sIlamassA ti pNsukuuliko| paMsukUlikassa aGgaM pNsukuuliklN| aGgaM ti kAraNaM vuccti| tasmA yena samAdAnena so paMsukUliko hoti, tassetaM adhivacanaM te veditabbaM / (1) / eteneva napena saGghATi-uttarAsaGga-antaravAsakasaGkhAtaM ticIvaraM sIlamassA ti teciivriko| tecIvarikassa aGgaM tecIvarikaGgaM / (2) bhikkhAsaGghAtAnaM pana AmisapiNDAnaM pAto ti piNDapAto, parehi dinnAnaM piNDAnaM patte nipatanaM ti vuttaM hoti| taM piNDapAtaM uJchati taM taM kulaM upasaGkamanto gavasatI ti pinnddpaatiko| piNDAya vA patituM vatametassA ti pinnddpaatii| patituM ti carituM / piNDapAtI eva pinnddpaatiko| piNDapAtikassa aGgaM pinnddpaatikddN| (3) dAnaM vuccati avakhaNDanaM, apetaM dAnato ti apadAnaM, anavakhaNDanaM ti attho| saha dhutAnoM kA artha Adi se vinizcaya ina dhutAGgoM kA- 1. artha, 2. lakSaNa Adi, 3. grahaNa (sampAdana) karane ke vidhAna, 4. unake prabheda, 5. bheda (=bhaGga), usa usake mAhAtmyabodhana, 6. kuzalatrika ke mAdhyama, 7. dhuta-Adi ke vibhAga evaM 8. saMkSepa yA vistAra se bhI viniciyA nirNaya) jAnanA caahiye|| 3. unameM, artha se vinizcaya isa prakAra hai- (ka) patha, zmazAna, kUr3e ke Dhera, jahA~-kahIM dhUla meM par3A huA, unake bIca dhUla (=pAMzu) ke kinAre (=kUla) ke samAna, Upara uThA uThA sA-ina arthoM meM 'pAMzukUla' hai| athavA (kha) pAMzu ke samAna kutsita bhAva ko prApta, yA kutsita bhAva kI ora jAtA hai-isaliye bhI 'pAMzukUla' hai| aise nirvacana (=abhiprAya) vAle pAMzukUla ko dhAraNa karanA hI 'pAMzukUla' kahalAtA hai| vaha (pAMzukUla) isa bhikSu kA zIla hai, ataH vaha bhikSu 'pAMzukUlika' kahalAtA hai| isa pAMzukUla ko dhAraNa karane se vaha 'pAMzukUlika banatA hai usI meM yaha zabda abhipreta hai- aisA jAnanA caahiye| (1) isa prakAra 1.sabATI, 2. uttarAsaga evaM 3. antarvAsaka nAmaka tIna cIvara dhAraNa karane kA bhI eka zIla hotA hai, isa zIla ko dhAraNa karane vAlA bhikSu traicIvarika kahalAtA hai| isa traicIvarika kA aGga (kAraNa) huA- traicIvarikAz2a (teciivrikaa)| (2) (ka) bhikSA' nAmaka anna ke piNDoM kA giranA (=pAta) 'piNDapAta' arthAt dUsaroM ke diye hue annapiNDoM kA pAtra meM giranA kahalAtA hai| jo bhikSu usa piNDapAta ko yahA~-vahA~ se, idhara-udhara se ekatra karatA hai, isa-usa parivAra meM jAkara use khojatA hai ataH vaha piNDapAtika hai| (kha) athavApiNDa ke liye patana karanA jisakA vrata hai vaha 'piNDapAtika' hai| yahA~ 'patana' kA artha hai-caranA (=vicaraNa krnaa)| aisA piNDapAta karane vAlA hI 'piNDapAtika' kahalAtA hai| isa piNDapAtika kA aGga kahalAyA-piNDapAtikAz2a (pinnddpaatikdd')| (3)

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2. dhutta nisa 85 apadAnena sapadAnaM, avakhaNDanarahitaM, anuSaraM ti vRttaM hoti / sapadAnaM carituM idamassa sIlaM ti sapadAnacArI, sapadAnacArI eva sapadAnacAriko / tassa aGgaM sapadAnacArikaGgaM / (4) ekAsane bhojanaM ekAsanaM, taM sIlamassA ti ekAsaniko / tassa aGgaM ekAsanikaGgaM / (5) dutiyabhAjanassa parikkhittattA kevalaM ekasmi yeva patte piNDo pattapiNDo / idAni pattapiNDagahaNe pattapiNDasaJJa katvA pattapiNDo sIlamassA ti pattapiNDako / tassa aGgaM pattapiNDakaGgaM / (6) 'khalU' ti paTisedhanatthe nipAto / pavAritena satA pacchA laddhaM bhattaM pacchAbhattaM nAma, tassa pacchAbhattassa bhojanaM pacchAbhattabhojanaM, tasmi pacchAbhattabhojane pacchAbhattasa katvA pacchAbhattaM sIlamassA ti pcchaabhttiko| na pacchAbhattiko khalupacchabhattiko / samAdAnavasena paTikkhittAtirittabhojanassetaM nAmaM / aTThakathAyaM pana vRttaM - ' khalU' ti eko sakuNo, so mukhena phalaM gahetvA tasmi pa - tite puna aJJa na khAdati, tAdiso ayaM ti khalupacchAbhattiko / tassa aGgaM khalupacchAbhattikaGgaM / (7) araje nivAso sIlamassA ti AraJJiko / tassa aGgaM AraJJikaGgaM / (8) 'dAna' kA artha hai-apane se pRthak karanA ( avakhaNDana), yA kATanA / dAna se rahita honA= apadAna, arthAt anavakhaNDana ( = antara- rahitatA) / apadAnasahita huA-sApadAna; arthAt avkhnnddnrhit| yoM (bhikSAhetu) pratyeka ghara sApadAna vicaraNa karanA jisa bhikSu kA zIla ho vaha sApadAnacArika kahalAtA hai aura usakA aGga kahalAyA - sApadAnacArikAGga (spdaancaarikngg)| (8) eka Asana para rahate hue bhojana karma ko 'ekAsana' kahate haiN| vaha eka Asana kA bhojana jisa bhikSu kA zIla hai, vaha bhikSu aikAsanika (ekAsanika) kahalAtA hai| usakA aGga huA aikAsanikAGga (ekAsanikama) / (5) dvitIya pAtra ke parityAga se, kevala eka hI pAtra meM par3A huA piNDa (grAsa-do grAsa bhojana) 'pAtrapiNDa' kahalAtA hai| aba pAtrapiNDa-grahaNa ko pAtrapiNDa nAma dekara, pAtrapiNDa hai zIla jisakA vaha huA pAtrapiNDika / usakA aGga (vrata) pAtrapiNDikA (pattapiNDakaGga) kahA jAtA hai| (6) 'khalu' isa nipAta pada kA artha hai-pratiSedha (bhojanakartA dvArA) niSedha kara dene ke bAda mile bhAta=bhakta (arthAt bhojya padArtha) ko 'pacchAbhatta' kahate haiN| usa pacchAbhatta ke bhojana ko pacchAbhatta nAma dekara, kyoMki pacchAbhatta usa bhikSu kA zIla hai, isaliye vaha bhikSu 'pacchAbhaktika' khlaayaa| eka bAra bhojana grahaNa ke pazcAt atirikta (dubArA ) bhojana ko asvIkAra kara dene vAle sAdhaka kA yaha (pacchAbhattika zabda ) paryAya hai| kintu aTThakathA meM likhA hai-'khalu' eka pakSI kA nAma hai| vaha mukha meM phala lekara, usake gira jAne ke bAda, punaH dUsarA (phala) nahIM khAtA; usI ke samAna yaha pacchAbhattika bhikSu hai| usake aGga ko hI khalupacchAbhattikana (khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga) kahalAte haiN|| (7) araNya (jaGgala) ke ekAnta pradeza meM rahanA hI jisakA svabhAva bana gayA ho vaha AraNyaka (AraJJika) kahalAtA hai| usakA aGga huA-- AraJikama (AraNyakAGga) / (8)

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visuddhimagga rukkhamUle nivAso rukkhamUlaM, taM sIlamassA ti rukkhmuuliko| rukkhamUlikassa aGgaM rukkhmuulikddN|,(9) __ abbhokAsika-sosAnikaGgesu pi eseva nyo| (10-11) / yadeva santhataM yathAsanthataM, 'idaM tumhaM pApuNAtI' ti evaM paThamaM uddiTThasenAsanassetaM adhivacanaM / tasmi yathAsanthate viharituM sIlamassA ti ythaasnthtiko| tassa aGgaM ythaasnthtiklN| (12) sayana paTikkhipitvA nisajjAya viharituM sIlamassA ti nesjjiko| tassa aGgaM nesjiklN| (13) 4. sabbAneva panetAni tena tena samAdAnena dhutakilesattA dhutassa bhikkhuno aGgAni, kilesadhunanato vA dhutaM ti laddhavohAraM ANaM aGgametesaM ti dhutnggaani| atha vA dhutAni ca tAni paTipakkhanijhunanato aGgAni ca paTipattiyA ti pi dhutnggaani| evaM tAvattha asthato vijJAtabbo vinicchyo|| 5. sabbAneva panetAni samAdAnacetanAlakkhaNAni / vuttaM pi cetaM-"yo samAdiyati, so pugglo| yena samAdiyati, cittacetasikA ete dhmmaa| yA samAdAnacetanA, taM dhutaGgaM / yaM vRkSamUla me nivAsa ko hI saMkSepa meM (uttarapadalopI samAsa kara) vRkSamUla' (rukkhamUla) kahate hai| vRkSamUla jisakA zIla ho vaha 'vRkSamUlika' kahalAtA hai| aura usa vRkSamUlika kA aGga huA vRkSamUlikA (rukkhmuulikngg)| (9) AbhyavakAzikA (abbhokAsikaGga) evaM zmAzAnikAGgazabdoM ke vyAkhyAna meM bhI yahI vidhi apanAyI jAnI cAhiye / arthAt khule AkAza ke nIce hI (kabhI bhI kisI vRkSamUla ke nIce yA guhA va vihAra Adi meM) rahane vAle sAdhaka ke vrata ko AbhyavakAzikAja kahate hai| (10) isI taraha zmazAna (murdA jalAne ke sthAna) meM hI rahane vAle sAdhaka ke vrata ko zmAzAnikAGga (sosAnikaGga) kahate hai| (11) jo bhI pahalI bAra bichA diyA gayA ho yA jaisA bichA diyA gayA ho, vaha huA yathAzranthata (yathAsanthata) / 'yaha Apa ke liye hai'- isa prakAra prathama uddezya kara diye gaye zayanAsana kA yaha yathAsasthita zabda paryAya hai| usa yathAsasthita para baiThanA hI jisakA vrata ho-vaha yAthAsaMsthitikAGga kahalAtA hai (ythaasnthitikngg)| (12) zayana kA parityAga kara, baiThe hI baiThe saba kriyAe~ karanA jisakA vrata ho vaha kahalAtA hainaissdhik| usakA vrata huA- naiSadhikAja (nesjjikngg)|| (13) 4 ye sabhI (uparyukta) vrata (ka) inako dhAraNa karane ke phalasvarUpa klezo ko naSTa (dhuta) kara dene vAle parizuddha (dhuta) bhikSu ke aGga hai-isaliye. (kha) yA klezo ko naSTa kara dene ke kAraNa 'dhuta' kahA jAne vAlA jJAna inakA aGga hai-isaliye. (ga) athavA ve dhuta hai, kyoki ve vipakSa (klezAdi pratipakSa) ko dhuna DAlate hai. eva (gha) ve aGga hai, kyoki ve mArga hai-isaliye ve sabhI dhutAGga kahalAte yo, yahA~ una sabhI kA arthoM se vinizcaya jAnanA caahiye|| . 5 grahaNa (samAdAna) karane kI cetanA ina sabhI kA lakSaNa hai| (aTThakathA me) yaha kahA bhI gayA hai- "jo grahaNa karatA hai vaha 'pudgala' hai| jisase grahaNa karatA hai ve 'cittacaitasika dharma hai| jo grahaNa kI gayI cetanA hai vaha 'dhutAGga hai| jise tyAgatA hai vaha 'vastu hai|

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87 2. dhuttaGganiddesa paTikkhipati, taM vatthU" ti| sabbAneva ca loluppaviddhaMsanarasAni, nilloluppabhAvapaccupaTTAnAni, appicchatAdiariyadhammapadaTThAnAni / evamettha lakkhaNAdIhi veditabbo vinicchyo|| samAsavyAsato vaNNanA 6. samAdAnavidhAnato ti AdIsu pana paJcasu sabbAneva dhutaGgAni, dharamAne bhagavati bhagavato va santike smaadaatbbaani| parinibbute, mahAsAvakassa sntike| tasmi asati khINAsavassa, anAgAmissa, sakadAgAmissa, sotApannassa, tipiTakassa, dvipiTakassa, ekapiTakassa, ekasaGgItikassa, atttthkthaacriyss| tasmi asati dhutaGgadharassa, tasmi pi asati cetiyaGgaNaM sammajitvA ukuTikaM nisIditvA sammAsambuddhassa santike vadantena viya smaadaatbbaani| api ca sayaM pi samAdAtuM vaTTati ev| ettha ca cetiyapabbate dve bhAtikattherAnaM jeTTakabhAtu dhutaGgAppicchatAya vatthu kathetabbaM / ayaM tAva saadhaarnnkthaa|| idAni ekekassa samAdAna-vidhAna-ppabheda-bhedAnisaMse vaNNayissAma 1. paMsukUlikaGgakathA 7.(ka) paMsukUlikaGgaM tAva "gahapatidAnacIvaraM paTikkhipAmi", "paMsukUliGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesu dvIsu vacanesu aJjatarena samAdinnaM hoti / idaM tAvettha smaadaanN| ina sabhI kA rasa-lolupatA (lobha, vAsanA) kA nAza hai| pratyupasthAna- lolupatA se rahita honA hai| padasthAna- alpecchatA Adi Arya (zreSTha dharma) inake padasthAna haiN| yoM. yahA~ lakSaNAdi se vinimaya jAnanA caahiye|| 6. samAdAnavidhAnato- Upara gAthA meM kahe 'grahaNa karane kA vidhAna' Adi (1. samAdAna, 2. vidhAna, 3 prabheda, 4. bheda evaM 5. usa-usa kA mAhAtmya) pA~coM meM sabhI dhutAGga bhagavAn ke jIvanakAla meM, sAkSAt bhagavAn se hI grahaNa karane caahiye| (unake) parinirvRta ho jAne para mahAzravaka (bhagavAn ke pramukha ziSya) se, unake bhI na hone para, (kramazaH) kSINAsrava, anAgAmI, sakRdAgAmI, srotaApanna, tripiTakaghara, dvipiTakadhara, ekapiTakadhara ekasaGgItika (jise pA~ca nikAyo meM se koI eka nikAya kaNThastha ho), aTThakathAcArya (jise aTThakathA kaNThastha ho) se grahaNa karanA caahiye| unake na hone para dhutAGgadhArI se, usake bhI na hone para kisI caitya kA A~gana svaccha kara, ghuTanoM ke bala baiThakara, mAno bhagavAn tathAgata ke sAmane hI upavezana kara rahA ho, grahaNa karanA caahiye| yoM svayaM bhI grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ caityaparvatavAsI do sthavira-bhrAtAoM meM jyeSTha sthavira bhrAtA kI alpecchatA-kathA' kahanI caahiye| 1. eka sthavira naiSadhikavratadhArI the, kintu yaha bAta koI nahIM jAnatA thaa| eka dina ve rAtri meM zayanahetu bichI caukI para baiThe hue the| tabhI bijalI kI camaka ke sahAre unheM dekhakara dUsare bhikSu ne pUchA-"kyA, bhante! Apa naiSadyika haiM?" sthavira ne dhutAna ke prati alpecchatA ke kAraNa usI kSaNa leTakara, kucha samaya bAda, puna dhutAGga dhAraNa kiyaa| ttiikaa| (isa kathA kA tAtparya yaha hai ki dhutAna ko, jahA~ taka bane paDe. sAdhaka dvArA gopanIya rakhanA caahiye| inakA pAlana karate hue bhI, inakA vyartha jana-pracAra na hone de|-anu0)

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visuddhimagga (kha) evaM samAdinnadhutaGgena pana tena sosAnikaM, pApaNikaM, rathiyacoLaM, saGkAracoLaM, sotthiyaM, nhAnacoLaM, titthacoLaM, gatapaccAgataM, aggidaDaM, gokhAyitaM, upacikAkhAyitaM, undurakhAyitaM, antacchinaM, dasAcchinnaM, dhajAhaTaM, thUpacIvaraM, samaNacIvaraM, AbhisekikaM, iddhimayaM, panthikaM, vAtAhaTaM, devadattiyaM, sAmuddiyaM ti etesu, aJjataraM cIvaraM gahetvA phAletvA dubbalaTThAnaM pahAya thiraTThAnAni dhovitvA cIvaraM katvA porANaM gahapaticIvaraM apanetvA pribhunyjitbbN| . tattha sosAnikaM ti susAne ptitkN| pApaNikaM ti| ApaNadvAre patitakaM / rathiyacoLaM ti| putthikehi vAtapAnantarena rathikAya chaDDitaM coLakaM / saGkAracoLaM ti| saGkArahAne chaDitacoLakaM / sotthiyaM ti| gambhamalaM puJchitvA chaDitavatthaM / tissAmaccamAtA kira satagghanakena vatthena gabbhamalaM puJchApetvA "paMsukUlikA gaNihassantI"ti tAlaveLimagge chddddaapesi| bhikkhU jiNNakaTThAnatthameva gnnhnti| nhAnacoLaM ti| yaM bhUtavejehi sasIsaM nhApitA kAlakaNNicoLaM ti chatrutvA gcchnti|titthcolN ti|nhaantitthe chdditpilotikaa| gatapaccAgataM ti| yaM manussA susAnaM gatvA paccAgatA nhatvA chddddenti| aggidaDaM ti| agginA dttttppdesN| taM hi manussA chddddenti| gokhAyitAdIni paakttaanev| tAdisAni pihi yaha uparyukta sabhI dhutAGgoM kA saMkSipta vyAkhyAna (samAsa-kathA) hai| aba Age kramazaH ekaeka ke grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana kreNge| 1.pAMzukUlikA 7. samAdAna-(ka) (ina dhutAGgoM meM prathama) pAMsukUlikAjha ina do vacanoM (pratijJAoM) meM se kisI eka (vacana) dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai- 1. 'gRhapatiyoM dvArA kiye gaye cIvara kA parityAga karatA hU~' yA 2. 'pAMsukUlika vrata dhAraNa karatA huuN| yaha vacana grahaNa karanA samAdAna hai| (kha) isa taraha jisane dhutAGga grahaNa kiyA hai use zmAzAnika, ApaNika, rathikacola, sAracola, svastivastra, sAnavastra, tIrthavastra, gatapratyAgata, agnidagdha, gokhAdita, upacikAkhAdita, undurakakhAdita, antazchinna, dazAchinna, dhvajAhata, stUpacIvara, zramaNacIvara, AbhiSekika, Rddhimaya, pAnthika, vAtAhata, devapradatta, sAmudrika-inameM se kisI bhI eka vastra ko lekara (isakA jIrNa bhAga) phAr3akara, pRthaka kara aura majabUta (kAma meM Ane yogya) bhAga ko sAphakara, cIvara banAkara, purAne gRhapati dvArA pradatta cIvara ko utAra kara (isa cIvara kA) paribhoga karanA caahiye| (aba AcArya ina uparyukta zabdoM kI padazaH vyAkhyA kara rahe haiM-) vahA~ zmAzAnika kA artha hai-zmazAna meM par3A huaa| ApaNika-dUkAna ke sAmane nIce sar3aka para pheMkA huaa| rathikacola-puNyArthiyoM dvArA khir3akI ke rAste (mArga) para pheMkA huaa| sahAracola-ghUre para pheMkA huaa| svastivastra (prasava ke pazcAt) garbha-mala ko poMchakara pheMkA huaa| tiSya amAtya kI mAtA ne sau kArSApaNa ke mUlya vAle vastra (-mUlyavAn vastra) se garbha-mala ko poMchavA kara,"pAMzukUlika bhikSu grahaNa kara leMge"(-isa uddezya se) tAlaveNi (=mahAgrAma-laMkA kI rAjadhAnI, evaM anurAdhapura meM eka mArga kA nAma)-mArga para pheMkavA diyaa| bhikSuoM ne (use cIvaroM ke) phaTe sthAnoM kI marammata karane ke liye le liyaa| khAnavastra =ojhAoM (=bhUta-vaidyoM) ke dvArA srAna karavAye gaye loga jisa vastra ko "yaha abhAgA vastra hai"- aisA soca chor3akara cale jAte hai| tIrthavastra (ghATa Adi) nahAne ke sthAnoM para chor3a diye gaye jIrNa vastra / gatapratyAgata jise loga zmazAna se vApasa Akara srAna karane ke bAda chor3a dete haiN| agnidagdha jisake kacha bhAga agni se jala gaye hoM, use loga

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2. dhuttaGganiddesa 89 manussA chddddenti| dhajAhaTaM ti| nAvaM ArohantA dhajaM bandhitvA ThapitaM, taM dvinaM pi senAnaM gatakAle gahetuM vttttti| thUpacIvaraM ti|vmmikN parikkhipitvA balikammaM ktN|smnnciivrN ti| bhikkhusantakaM / AbhisekikaM ti| ro abhisekaTThAne chaDitacIvaraM / iddhimayaM ti| ehibhikkhucIvaraM / panthikaM ti| antarAmagge ptitkN| yaM pana sAmikAnaM satisammosena patitaM, taM thokaM rakkhitvA gahetabbaM / vAtAhaTaM ti| vAtena paharitvA dUre paatitN| taM pana sAmike apassantena gahetuM vttttti| devadattiyaM ti|yN anuruddhattherassa viya devatAhi dinkN| sAmuddiyaM ti| samuddavIcIhi thale ussaaritN| 8. yaM pana 'saGghassa demA' ti dinnaM coLakabhikkhAya vA caramAnehi laddhaM, na taM pNsukuulN| bhikkhudattiye pi yaM vassaggena gAhetvA vA dIyati, senAsanacIvaraM vA hoti, na taM paMsukUlaM / no gAhApetvA dinameva paMsukUlaM / tatrApi yaM dAyakehi bhikSussa pAdamUle nikkhittaM, tena pana bhikkhunA paMsukUlikassa hatthe ThapetvA dinaM, taM ekatosuddhikaM naam| yaM bhikkhuno hatthe ThapetvA dinnaM, tena pana pAdamUle ThapitaM, taM pi ekatosuddhikaM / yaM bhikkhuno pi pAdamUle ThapitaM, tenApi tatheva dinaM, taM ubhatosuddhikaM / yaM hatthe ThapetvA laddhaM, hattheyeva ThapitaM, taM anuSkaTThacIvaraM naam| iti imaM paMsukUlabhedaM jatvA paMsukUlikena cIvaraM paribhuJjitabbaM ti idamettha vidhaanN| chor3a dete haiN| dhvajAhata-nAva para savAra hone vAle dhvaja ( jhaMDA) bA~dhakara savAra hote haiM, use unake A~khoM se ojhala ho jAne ke bAda grahaNa rahatA hai, use bhI donoM (pakSoM kI) senAoM ke cale jAne ke bAda liyA jA sakatA hai| stUpacIvara-caitya ko ghera kara balikarma (havana) ke pAsa car3hAyA huaa| amaNa-cIvara =bhikSu se prApta cIvara / AmiSekika-rAjA ke abhiSeka-sthala para chor3a diyA gayA vastra Rddhimaya Ao bhikssu'-ciivr'|paanthik-yaatriyoN dvArA yAtrA ke bIca rAste meM girAyA huaa| kintu jo (usake) svAmI kI asAvadhAnI se gira gayA ho, use kucha ruka kara lenA caahiye| (yaha socakara rukanA cAhiye ki sambhavataH jisakA vastra ho vaha punaH Akara le jaay)| vAtAhata-havA ke dvArA ur3akara dUra jAkara girA huaa| use bhI (usake) svAmI ke na dikhAyI dene para liyA jA sakatA hai| devadatta jo anuruddha sthavira (ko diye gaye) ke samAna, devatAoM dvArA diyA gayA ho| sAmudrikasamudra kI laharoM dvArA kinAre para lagAyA gyaa| (1) 8.vidhAna-kintu jo 'saha ke liye de rahe haiM isa prakAra (kahakara) diyA gayA hai. yA jo vastra mAMgate hue cArikA karane se milA hai, vaha 'pAMzukUla' nahIM hai| bhikSu dvArA diye gaye meM se bhI, jo varSAvAsa ke anta meM bhikSu ke dvArA gRhastha se lekara pAMzukUlika ko diyA jAtA hai, yA jo zayanAsanacIvara (zayanAsana-caukI banavAkara 'isa zayanAsana kA paribhoga karane vAle bhikSu kA zayanAsana cIvara kA bhI upabhoga kareM'-yaha kahakara diyA gayA cIvara) hai, vaha pAMzukUla nahIM hai| grahaNa na karake diyA gayA cIvara hI pAMzukula hai| usameM bhI, jo dAtA dvArA bhikSu ke caraNoM para rakha diyA gayA hai aura phira use bhikSu dvArA pAzukUlika ke hAtha para rakha diyA gayA hai, vaha eka ora se zuddha hai| jo (gRhastha dvArA) bhikSu ke hAtha meM rakhakara diyA gayA ho evaM usake dvArA pAMzukUlika ke caraNoM para rakha diyA gayA ho, vaha bhI eka ora se zuddha hai| 1. kabhI-kabhI jaba bhagavAn kisI pravrajyecchu ko 'Ao bhikSu' kahakara pravrajyA ke liye Amantrita karate the, taba isa ziSya ke pUrvakRta puNyoM ke prabhAva se usake zarIra para vastra ( kASAya vastra) A jAte the| bhagavAn ke Rddhibala se isake prakaTa hone ke kAraNa ise 'Rddhimaya' kahA gayA hai| (dra0-vinaya0, mahAvagga, kh01)|

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visuddhimagga 9. ayaM pana pabhedo-tayo paMsukIlikA, ukkaTTho majjhimo mudU ti| tattha sosAnikaM yeva gaNhanto ukTTho hoti| 'pabbajitA gaNhissantI' ti ThapitakaM gaNhanto mjjhimo| pAdamUle ThapetvA dinnakaM gaNhanto mudU ti| 10. tesu yassa kassaci attano ruciyA gihidinnakaM sAditakkhaNe dhutaGgaM bhijjti| ayamettha bhedo| 11. ayaM panAnisaMso-"paMsukUlacIvaraM nissAya pabbajjA" (vi0 3-100) ti vacanato nissayAnurUpapaTipattisabbhAvo, paThame ariyavaMse patiTThAnaM, ArakkhadukkhAbhAvo, aparAyattavRttitA, corabhayena abhayatA, paribhogataNhAya abhAvo, samaNasAruppaparikkhAratA, "appAni ceva sulabhAni ca tAni ca anavajAnI" (aM0 ni0 2-29) ti bhagavatA saMvaNNita-paccayatA, pAsAdikatA, appicchatAdInaM phalanipphatti, sammApaTipattiyA anubrUhanaM, pacchimAya janatAya diTThAnugatiApAdanaM ti| mArasenAvighAtAya paMsukUladharo yti| sannaddhakavaco yuddhe khattiyo viya sobhti|| pahAya kAsikAdIni varavatthAni dhaaritN| . yaM lokagarunA, ko taM paMsukUlaM na dhAraye // jo bhikSu ke caraNoM para bhI diyA gayA hai aura usake dvArA usI prakAra diyA bhI gayA hai vaha donoM ora se zuddha hai| jo hAtha para rakha kara diyA gayA hai aura phira hAtha para hI rakhA gayA hai, vaha nimna koTi kA (anutkRSTa) cIvara hai| isa prakAra pAzukUlika ko pAMzukUla cIvara kA yaha bheda jAnakara cIvara kA paribhoga karanA cAhiye-yahI vidhAna hai| (2) 9. prabheda- isa pAzukUlika ke tIna prakAra (prabheda) hote haiM-utkRSTa. madhyama evaM nimna (-mRdu)| unameM kevala zmAzAnika (vastra) ko hI grahaNa karane vAlA utkRSTa hotA hai| pravrajita (bhikSu) le lege'isa prakAra socakara isa rakhe gaye ko grahaNa karane vAlA madhyama hotA hai| caraNa para rakhakara diye gaye ko grahaNa karane vAlA nimna (mRdu) hotA hai| (3) 10 bheda- gRhastha dvArA diye gaye inameM se kisI bhI cIvara ko apanI ruci se grahaNa karane ke kSaNa meM hI dhutAGga khaNDita ho jAtA hai| yahI dhutAGga kA bheda (=bhaGga, nAza) kahalAtA hai| 11 mAhAtmya yaha hai- "pAMzukUla cIvara ke AdhAra para pravajyA hai" isa dezanA-vacana ke anusAra pAzukUla kA mAhAtmya isa prakAra hai- ni zraya (1 bhikSATana, 2 pAzukUla cIvara, 3 vRkSamUla ke nIce zayana eva 4 rugNAvasthA meM gomUtradigdha hare) ke anurUpa pratipatti kA honA prathama Aryavaza meM (cIvara se santoSa kA) pratiSThAna, (adhika vastra hone para unakI) rakSA karane ke dukha kA abhAva, paribhoga-tRSNA (adhika hone para 'kisa kisa ko pahanU~'-isa tRSNA) kA abhAva, zramaNa ke anurUpa pariSkAra (pahanAvA) honA, "ve vastra alpa hai kintu sulabha aura nirdoSa hai"-isa prakAra bhagavAn dvArA prazasita hone ke kAraNa prasannatA, alpecchatA (lobharAhitya) Adi guNoM kI pUrNatA, samyaka pratipatti (jJAna) kI vRddhi, AgAmI paramparA (pIDhI) ke liye Adarza honaa| .. AcArya aba tIna gAthAo ke mAdhyama se inhI dhutAGgo kA mAhAtmya (AnRzasya) batA rahe hai mAra kI senA ke nAza ke liye pAzukUladhArI yati (bhikSu) yuddha me kavaca dhAraNa kiye hue, sannaddha yoddhA ke samAna zobhita hotA hai|| kAzI ke bane mUlyavAn vastra Adi ko tyAga kara (svaya) lokaguru (bhagavAn buddha) ne jise dhAraNa kiyA, usa pAzakUla ko bhalA kauna dhAraNa nahIM kregaa|||

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2. dhuttaGganisa tasmA hi attano bhikkhu paTi samanussaraM / yogAcArAnukUlamhi paMsukUle rato siyA // ti // 91 ayaM tAva paMsukUliGge samAdAnavidhAnapyabhedabhedAnisaMsavaNNanA // 2. tecIvarikaGgakathA 12. tadanantaraM pana tecIvarikaGgaM" catutthakacIvaraM paTikkhipAmi ", " tecIvarikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti / 13. tena pana tecIvarikena cIvaradussaM labhitvA yAva aphAsukabhAvena kAtuM vA na sakkoti, vicArakaM vA na labhati, sUciAdIsu vAssa kiJci na sampajjati, tAva nikkhipitabbaM / nikkhittapaccayA doso natthi / rajitakAlato pana paTThAya nikkhipituM na vaTTati, dhutaGgacoro nAma hoti / idamassa vidhAnaM / 1 14. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti / tattha ukkaTThena rajanakAle paThamaM antaravAsakaM vA uttarAsaGgaM vA rajitvA taM nivAsetvA itaraM rajitabbaM / taM pArupitvA saGghATi rajitabbA / saGghATiM pana nivAsetuM na vaTTati / idamassa gAmantasenAsanaM vattaM / AraJJake pana dve ekato vitvA rajituM vaTTati / yathA pana kiJci disvA sakkoti kAsAvaM AkaDDitvA upari kAtuM, evaM Asane ThAne nisIditabbaM / majjhimassa pana rajanasAlAyaM rajanakAsAvaM nAma hoti, taM nivAsetvA vA pArupitvA vA rajanakammaM kAtuM vaTTati / mudukassa sabhAgabhikkhUnaM cIvarAni nivAsetvA vA pArupitvA vA rajanakammaM kAtuM vaTTati / tatraTThakapaccattharaNaM pi tassa vaTTati, pariharituM pana na vaTTati / sabhAgabhikkhUnaM cIvarampi antarantarA paribhuJjituM vaTTati / isaliye bhikSu apanI upasampadA ke samaya 'hA~, bhante!' kahakara kI gayI pratijJA kA smaraNa karate hue yogiyoM ke AcAra ke anukUla pAMzukUla meM rata rahe / / isa prakAra yaha pAMzukUlika ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana samApta huA / / 2. traicIvarikAGga 12. tatpazcAt dvitIya traicIvarikAGga (nAmaka dhutAGga) 'caturtha cIvara kA parityAga karatA hU~' yA 2 ' traicIvarikAGga grahaNa karatA hU~"- inameM se kisI eka vacana ke dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 13. vaha traicIvarika bhikSu yadi cIvara ke liye kapar3A pA jAya to use taba taka rakha sakatA hai, jaba taka ki asvasthatA ke kAraNa cIvara banAne meM asamartha ho, vicAraka (sahAyaka bhikSu yA zrAmaNera) na mile, yA cIvara banAne ke sAdhana suI Adi meM se kucha na mile| isa prakAra kapar3e ko kucha samaya rakha chor3ane meM bhI doSa nahIM hai| kintu kapar3A raGga jAne ke bAda nahIM rakhA jA sakatA / rakhane vAlA 'dhutAGgacaura' kahA jAtA hai| yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 14 prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| 1 (ka) unameM jo utkRSTa hai use ra~gate samaya pahale antarvAsaka ko yA uttarAsaGga ko raMga kara, use pahana kara phira dUsare ko raMganA cAhiye / use oDhakara saGghATI raganI caahiye| kintu saGghATI ko pahananA nahI caahiye| yaha grAma ke pAsa vAle zayanAsana ke liye kahA gayA hai| (kha) (zayanAsana) meM do ko eka sAtha dhokara raGgA jA sakatA hai| kintu (aisI sthiti me) use (vastro ke samIpa hI baiThanA cAhiye, tAki yadi koI dikhAyI par3a jAya to kASAya ko khIcakara apane Upara DAlA jA ske| 2 madhyama ke liye (vidhAna hai ki) raGgane ke

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visuddhimaMgga dhutaGgatecIvarikassa pana catutthaM vattamAnaM aMsakAsAvameva vaTTati / taM ca kho vitthArato vidatthi, dIghato tihatthameva vaTTati / 15. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi catutthakacIvaraM sAditakkhaNe yeva dhutaGgaM bhijjati / ayamettha 92 bhedo / 16. ayaM panAnisaMso---tecIvariko bhikkhu santuTThoM hoti kAyaparihArikena cIvarena, tenassa pakkhino viya samAdAyeva gamanaM, appasamArambhatA, vatthasannidhiparivajjanaM, sallahukavuttitA, atirekacIvaraloluppappahAnaM kappiye mattakAritAya sallekhavuttitA, appicchatAdInaM phalaniSpattI ti evamAdayo guNA sampajjantI ti / atirekavatthataNhaM pahAya sannidhivivajjito dhIro / santosasukharasa ticIvaradharo bhavati yogI // tasmA sapattacaraNo pakkhI va sacIvaro va yogivaro / sukhamanuvicaritukAmo cIvaraniyame ratiM kayirA // ti // arya tecIvarikaGge samAdAnavidhAnapyabhedabhedAnisaMsavaNNanA // 3. piNDapAtikaGgakathA 17. piNDapAtikaGgaM pi " atirekalAbhaM paTikkhipAmi", "piNDapAtikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti / sthAna meM (eka) raGgane kA kASAya (= vastroM ko raGgate samaya pahanane ke liye rakhA gayA kASAya) hotA hai, use pahana yA or3hakara raGgAI kA kArya kiyA jA sakatA hai 3. nimna ke liye vidhAna hai ki vaha sabrahmacArI bhikSuoM kA cIvara pahana yA or3hakara raMgAI kA kAma kara sakatA hai| vahA~ vistara para par3A huA cAdara bhI usake liye vihita hai, kintu use lekara cala denA vihita nahIM hai| sAthI bhikSuoM kA cIvara bhI samaya kA antara rakhate hue prayukta karanA cAhiye / dhutAGgadhArI bhikSu ke liye cauthe vastra ke rUpa meM kevala kandhe para dhAraNa kiyA jAne vAlA kASAya hI vihita hai| use bhI caur3AI meM eka bAlizta (vidatthi) aura lambAI meM tIna hAtha kA (maphalara kI taraha) honA cAhiye / 15 . ina tInoM kA dhutAGga bhI cauthe cIvara ko dhAraNa karate hI bhaGga ho jAtA hai| yaha bheda hai| 16. isa traicIvarikAGga kA mAhAtmya yaha hai - traicIvarika bhikSu zarIra kI zIta Adi se rakSA karane vAle cIvara mAtra se santuSTa hotA hai, isaliye isa dhutAGga ke pAlana se usameM apane patoM ke sAtha pakSI kI taraha cIvara ko sAtha lekara jAnA, kama vastuoM ko rakhane vAlA honA, adhika vastroM ke sAtha rakhane kI pravRtti kA tyAga, bhAra-rahitatA, atirikta cIvara ke prati lolupatA (rAga yA lobha) kA na honA, vihita meM (bhI) mAtrA kA dhyAna rakhane se upekSAvRtti, alpecchatA Adi guNoM kI prApti - Adi guNa pUrNatA prApta karate haiN| tIna cIvara dhAraNa karane vAlA yogI atirikta vastra kI tRSNA (vAsanA) ko tyAgakara, saMgraha se rahita ho, santoSa-sukha ke rasa ko jAnane vAlA hotA hai / / isaliye apane paGkhoM ke sAtha vicaraNa karane vAle pakSI ke samAna zarIra para pahane-or3he cIvara hI sAtha sukhapUrvaka vicaraNa karane kA icchuka vaha yogI cIvara ke niyamapAlana ke Agraha meM Ananda kA anubhava kare / / yaha traicIvarikAma (ke viSaya) meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana hai|

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2. dhuttaGganiddesa 93 - 18. tena pana piNDapAtikena saGghabhattaM, uddesabhettaM, nimantanabhattaM, salAkabhattaM, pakkhikaM, uposathikaM, pATipadikaM, AgantukabhattaM, gamikabhattaM, gilAnabhattaM, gilAnupaTThAkabhattaM, vihArabhattaM, dhurabhattaM, vArabhattaM ti etAni cuddasa bhattAni na saaditbbaani|sce pana "saGghabhattaM gaNhathA" ti AdinA nayena avatvA "amhAkaM gehe saGgho bhikkhaM gaNhAti, tumhe pi bhikkhaM gaNhathA" ti vatvA dinnAni honti, tAni sAdituM vttttnti| saGghato nirAmisasalAkA pi vihAre pakabhattaM pi vaTTati yevA ti| idamassa vidhaanN| 19. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti| tattha ukcho purato pi pacchato pi AhaTabhikkhaM gaNhati, bahidvAre ThatvA pattaMgaNhantAnaM pi deti, paTikkamanaM AharitvA dinnabhikkhaM pi gaNhAti, taM divasaM pana nisIditvA bhikkhaM na gnnhaati| majjhimo taM divasaM nisIditvA pi gaNhAti, svAtanAya pana naadhivaaseti| muTuko svAtanAya pi punadivasAya pi bhikkhaM adhivaaseti| te ubho pi serivihArasukhaM na labhanti, ukkaTTho va lbhti| ekasmi kira gAme ariyavaMso hoti, ukkaTTho itare Aha-"AyAmAvuso, dhammasavanAyA" ti| tesu eko 'ekenamhi, bhante, manussena nisIdApito' ti Aha / aparo 'mayA, bhante, svAtanAya ekassa 3. piNDapAtikAz2a 17. tRtIya piNDapAtikAGga bhI 1. "atirikta lAbha ko tyAgatA hU~".yA 2."piNDapAtikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~"-inameM se kisI eka dezanAvacana dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 18. usa piNDapAtika ko 1. saGgha-bhojana (samaSTi bhaNDArA), 2. kucha bhikSuoM ke uddezya se diyA gayA bhojana, 3. nimantraNa-bhojana (=nimantrita kara diyA gayA bhojana), 4. zalAkA-bhojana (nizcita saGkhyA meM zalAkAe~ saGgha meM bhejakara utane hI bhikSuoM ko nimantrita karake diyA gayA bhojana), 5. pAkSika (pakhavAre kA) bhojana, 6. uposatha kA bhojana, 7. pratipadA kA bhojana, 8. Agantuka bhojana (=AgantukoM ke liye diyA gayA bhojana), 9. pathikoM ke liye, 10.rogI ke liye, 11. rogI ke paricAraka ke liye, 12. vihAra meM, 13. kisI pradhAna ghara meM, 14. grAmavAsiyoM ke dvArA vAra ( ravi, soma Adi vizeSa vAra) ke anusAra diyA jAne vAlA bhojana-yaha caudaha (14) prakAra kA bhojana nahIM grahaNa karanA caahiye| kintu yadi "saddha-bhojana grahaNa kIjiye" Adi prakAra se na kahakara "mere ghara saGgha bhojana grahaNa karatA hai, Apa bhI bhikSA grahaNa kareM"-Adi prakAra se kaha kara diyA . gayA ho to una (bhojanoM) ko grahaNa karanA vihita hai| saGgha dvArA nirAmiSa zalAkA (auSadha Adi ke liye dI gayI zalAkA) evaM vihAra meM pakAyA gayA bhAta bhI vihita hai| vaha isakA vidhAna hai| 19. prameda kI dRSTi se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| inameM, 1. uttama vratI sAmane se yA pIche se bhI lAI gayI bhikSA ko grahaNa karatA hai, daravAje ke bAhara khar3e rahakara pAtra grahaNa karane vAle ko bhI bhikSA ke liye pAtra detA hai, AsanazAlA meM lAkara dI gayI bhikSA bhI grahaNa karatA hai; kintu usa dina pratIkSA meM baiThe rahakara bhikSA nahIM grahaNa krtaa| aura 2. madhyama vratI usa dina baiThakara bhI grahaNa karatA hai, kintu age dina ke liye nahIM svIkAra krtaa|3.nin (mRduka) vratI agale dina ke liye evaM usase bhI eka dina Age ke liye bhikSA svIkAra karatA hai| ina donoM ko hI svacchanda vihAra kA sukha nahIM mila pAtA, utkRSTa vratI hI use prApta karatA hai| ___ eka grAma meM 'AryavaMza' ( isa sUtra kA upadeza) ho rahA thaa| utkRSTa ne dUsaroM se kahA"Ao, AyuSmAno! dharmazravaNa karane ke liye cleN"| unameM se eka ne kahA-"bhante, eka vyakti ke dvArA mai bhikSA ke liye baiThAyA gayA huuN|" dUsare ne kahA-maiMne kala ke liye eka vyakti kI bhikSA

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94 vizuddhimagga bhikkhA adhivAsitA' ti / evaM te ubho parihInA / itaro pAto va piNDAya caritvA gantvA dhammarasaM paTisaMvedesi / 20. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi saGghabhattAdiatirekalAbhaM sAditakkhaNe va dhutaGgaM bhijjati / ayamettha bhedo / 21. ayaM panAnisaMso - " piNDiyAlopabhojanaM nissAya pabbajjA" (vi03-55 ) ti vacanato nissayAnurUpapaTipattisabbhAvo, dutiye ariyavaMse patiTThAnaM, aparAyattavRttitA, "appAni ceva sulabhAni ca tAni ca anavajjAnI" (aM0 2 29 ) ti bhagavatA saMvaNNitapaccayatA, kosajjanimmaddanatA, parisuddhAjIvatA, sekhiyapaTipattipUraNaM, aparapositA, parAnuggahakiriyA, mAnappahAnaM, rasataNhAnivAraNaM, gaNabhojana- paramparabhojana- cAritasikkhApadehi anApattitA, appicchatAdInaM anulomavRttitA, sammApaTipattibrUhanaM, pacchimajanatAnukampanaM ti / aparAyattajIviko / yati // piNDiyAlopasantuTTho pahInAhAraloluppo hoti cAtuddiso vinodayati kosajjaM AjIvassa visujjhati / tasmA hi nAtimaJJeyya bhikkhAcariyAya sumedhaso // evarUpassa hi attabharassa anaJJaposino / " piNDapAtikassa bhikkhuno svIkAra kI hai|" isa prakAra ve donoM dharmazravaNa se vaJcita raha gye| parantu dUsare (= utkRSTa) ne kucha prAtaH hI bhikSATana ke liye jAkara (bAda meM) dharmarasa kA AsvAdana kiyA / 20. ina tInoM kA hI dhutAGga saGgha- bhojana Adi atirikta lAbha kA grahaNa karate hI bhaGga ho jAtA hai| ye bheda hai| 21. isa dhutAGga kA mAhAtmya yaha hai- " piNDa piNDa karake mile hue grAsa ke bhojana para pravrajyA AdhRta hai" isa dezanA - vacana ke anusAra mAhAtmya isa prakAra hai- nizraya ke anurUpa pratipatti kA honA, dUsare AryavaMza (piNDapAtra meM santoSa) meM pratiSThita honA, dUsare ke prati nirbharatA kA abhAva, "ve alpa to haiM, parantu sulabha bhI haiM evaM nirdoSa bhI " - isa prakAra bhagavAn dvArA prazaMsita hone ke kAraNa, Alasya kA nAza, parizuddha AjIvikA kA honA, zaikSya pratipatti kI pUrti, kisI dUsare ke pAlana-poSaNa kA uttaradAyitva vahana na karanA, dUsaroM para anugraha karanA, mAna kA nAza, rasa-tRSNA (vAsanA) kA nivAraNa, gaNa-bhojana, paramparA-bhojana, cAritra (viSayaka) zikSApadoM ke ullaMghana se hone vAlI Apatti kA na honA, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honA, samyak pratipatti kI vRddhi, AgAmI paramparA ( pIr3hI) para anukampA / piNDa piNDa grAsa se santuSTa, svatantra jIvikA vAlA, AhAraviSayaka lolupatA (lobha) se rahita yati (bhikSu) cAroM dizAoM meM nirbhaya (bekhaTaka) hokara jAne vAlA hotA hai| (bhikSATana) Alasya ko dUra karatA hai, AjIvikA kI parizuddhi karatA hai| isaliye medhAvI mikSATana kI avahelanA kabhI na kare / / isa prakAra ke "dUsare kA bharaNa-poSaNa na karane vAle, mana, vacana, karma tInoM meM samAnakriya piNDapAtika

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2. dhuttaGganiddesa devApi pihayanti tAdino no ce laabhsiloknissito"|| ti|| (khu0 ni0 1-98) ayaM piNDapAtikaGge smaadaanvidhaanppbhedbhedaanisNsvnnnnnaa|| 4. sapadAnacArikaGgakathA 22. sapadAnacArikaGgaM pi "loluppacAraM paTikkhipAmi", "sapadAnacArikaGgaM samAdiyAmi" ti imesaM aJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti| 23. tena pana sapadAnacarike gAmadvAre ThatvA parissayAbhAvo sllkkhetbbo| yassA gharadvAre vA racchAya vA gAme vA kiJci na labhati, agAmasajaMkatvA gantabbaM / yattha kiJci labhati, taM pahAya gantuM na vttttti| iminA ca bhikkhunA kAlataraM pavisitabbaM, evaM hi aphAsukaTThAnaM pahAya aJattha gantuM skkhissti|sce panassa vihAre dAnaM dentA, antarAmagge vA AgacchantA manussA pattaM gahetvA piNDapAtaM denti, vttttti| iminA ca maggaM gacchantenApi bhikkhAcAravelAyaM sampattagAmaM anatikamitvA critbbmev| tattha alabhitvA vA thokaM labhitvA vA gAmapaTipATiyA caritabbaM idamassa vidhaanN| 24. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti| tattha ubaddho purato AhaTabhikkhaM pi pacchato AhaTabhikkhaM pi paTikamanaM AharitvA diyyamAnaM pi na gaNhAti, pattadvAre pana pattaM vissjeti| imasmi hi dhutane mahAkassapattherena sadiso nAma ntthi| tassa pi bhikSu ke AcaraNa se devatA bhI spRhA (IrSyA) karate haiM, yadi vaha apane lAbha aura prazaMsA kI ora jhukane vAlA na ho||" yaha piNDapAtikAja ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana hai|| 4. sApadAnacArikA 22. caturtha sApadAnacArikAGga bhI 1. "lolupa svabhAva ko tyAgatA hU~", yA 2. "sApadAnacArikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~"-inameM se kisI eka dezanA-vacana dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA 23. usa sApadAnacArika ko grAma ke dvAra para khar3e hokara vighna-bAdhA (=parizraya; uddhata sA~Da kutte Adi yA vezyA zarAbI Adi ke upadrava) ke na hone kA vicAra kara lenA caahiye| jisa galI yA gA~va meM vighna-bAdhA hotI hai, use chor3akara anyatra cArikA karanA ucita hai| jisa ghara, galI yA grAma meM kucha bhI nahIM milatA, use grAma na mAnate hue Age bar3ha jAnA caahiye| hA~, jahA~ kucha milatA ho, use chor3akara (Age) jAnA ucita nahIM hai| bhikSu ko samaya rahate hI grAma meM praveza karanA caahiye| yoM, vaha asuvidhAjanaka sthAna chor3akara dUsarI jagaha bhI jA skegaa| yadi isa (bhikSu) ko vihAra meM dAna dete hue, yA bIca rAste meM Ate hue manuSya isakA pAtra lekara piNDapAta de dete haiM, to vaha vihita hai| ise mArga meM jAte hue bhI, bhikSATana ke samaya jo grAma mArga meM par3a jAya usakA atikramaNa na karate hue cArikA karanI cAhiye / vahA~ kucha bhI na pAkara yA alpa sA pAkara grAma-paripATI (=grAmoM meM antara DAle vinA bhikSATana kI paripATI) ke anusAra cArikA karanI caahiye| yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 24. prabheda se yaha bhI trividha hotA hai| inameM 1. utkRSTa vratI sAmane se AyI yA pIche se AyI yA AsanazAlA meM lAkara dI gayI bhikSA bhI nahIM grahaNa karatA, kintu prApta dvAra para bhikSA ke liye pAtra detA hai| isa dhutAGga ke pAlakoM meM mahAkAzyapa sthavira ke samAna dUsarA koI nahIM huaa| 2.

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96 visuddhimaga pattavissaThaTThAnameva paJjAyati / majjhimo purato vA pacchato vA AhaTaM pi paTikkamanaM AhaTaM pi gaNhAti, pattadvAre pi pattaM vissajeti, na pana bhikkhaM AgamayamAno nisiidti| evaM so ukaTThapiNDapAtikassa anulometi / muduko taM divasaM nisIditvA aagmeti| 25. imesaM pana tiNNaM piloluppacAre uppannasatte dhutaGgaM bhijjti| ayamettha bhedo| 26. ayaM panAnisaMso-kulesu niccanavakatA, candUpamatA, kulamaccherappahAnaM, samAnukampitA, kulUpakAdInavAbhAvo, avhAnAnabhinandanA, abhihArena anatthikatA, appicchatAdInaM anulomavuttitA ti|| candUpamo niccanavo kulesu amaccharI sbbsmaanukmpo| kulUpakAdInavavippamutto hotIdha bhikkhu spdaancaaro|| loluppacAraM ca pahAya tasmA okkhittacakkhu yugmttdssii| AkaGkhamAno bhuvi sericAraM careyya dhIro sapadAnacAraM // ti|| iyaM sapadAnacArikaGge smaadaanvidhaanppbhedbhedaanisNsvnnnnnaa|| 5. ekAsanikaGakathA 27. ekAsanikaGgaM pi "nAnAsanabhojanaM paTikkhipAmi", "ekAsanikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM ajJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti| 28. tena pana ekAsanikena AsanasAlAyaM nisIdantena therAsane anisIditvA 'idaM mahaM pApuNissatI' ti paTirUpaM AsanaM sallakkhetvA nisIditabbaM / sacassa vippakate bhojane madhyama vratI sAmane yA pIche se aura Asana-zAlA meM lAyI gayI (bhikSA) bhI grahaNa karatA hai, prApta dvAra para pAtra bhI de detA hai, kintu bhikSA kI pratIkSA meM baiThA nahIM rahatA / isa prakAra vaha utkRSTa piNDapAtika ke samAna hI hotA hai| 3. parantu nimna vratI usa dina baiThakara pratIkSA karatA hai| 25. ina tInoM kA bhI dhutAGga, lolupatA ke utpanna hote hI, bhaGga ho jAtA hai| yaha bheda hai| .. 26. isa dhutAGga kA mAhAtmya yaha hai-kuloM meM nitya nayA banA rahanA, candramA ke samAna honA, kula-mAtsarya (parivAra ke prati moha) kA prahANa, saba para mAna anukampA rakhanA, kulopaga ke doSoM se rahita honA, bulAye jAne kA abhinandana na karanA, 'koI bhikSA lAkara de'-aisI icchA na karanA, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honaa| sApadAnacArI bhikSu candramA ke samAna kuloM ke liye nitya nayA dikhAyI dene vAlA, mAtsarya na karane vAlA, saba para samAna anukampA rakhane vAlA evaM kulopaga Adi ke doSoM se mukta hotA hai|| isaliye lolupatA ko chor3a, A~khe nIcI kiye hue, cAra hAtha kI dUrI taka hI dekhane vAlA, dhIra bhikSu pRthvI para yathAruci vicaraNa karane kI icchA karatA huA sApadAnacArI bane / / yaha sApadAnacArikA ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda aura mAhAtya kA varNana hai / / 5.aikAsanikAla 27. paJcama aikAsanikAla vrata bhI- 1."aneka AsanoM para bhojana kA tyAga karatA hU~", 2. "aikAsanikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~". -inameM se kisI eka dezanA-vacana se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 28. aikAsanikAGgavratI bhikSu ko AsanazAlA meM baiThate samaya sthavira ke Asana para na baiThakara "yaha mere liye upayukta hai"- aisA vicArate hue upayukta Asana dekhakara baiThanA caahiye| yadi

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97 2. dhuttaGganiddesa panAha Acariyo vA upajjhAyo vA Agacchati, uTThAya vattaM kAtuM vaTTati / tipiTakacULAbhayatthero -" AsanaM vA rakkheyya bhojanaM vA, ayaM ca vippakatabhojano, tasmA vattaM karotu, bhojanaM pana mA bhuJjatU" ti / idamassa vidhAnaM / 29. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti / tattha ukkaTTho appaM vA hotu bahu vA, yamhi bhojane hatthaM otAreti, tato aJJa gaNhituM na labhati / sace pi manussA "therena na kiJci bhuttaM" ti sappiAdIni Aharanti, bhesajjatthameva vaTTanti, na AhAratthaM / majjhimo yAva patte bhattaM na khIyati, tAva aJJa gaNhituM labhati / ayaM hi bhojanapariyantiko nAma hoti / muduko yAva vAsanA na vuTThAti, tAva bhuJjituM labhati / so hi udakapariyantiko vA hoti yA pattadhovanaM na gaNhAti tAva bhuJjanato, Asanapariyantiko vA yAva na vuTThAti bhuJjanato / 30. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi nAnAsanabhojanaM bhuttakkhaNe dhutaGgaM bhijjati / ayamettha bhedo / 31. ayaM panAnisaMso - appAbAdhatA, appAtaGkatA, lahuTThAnaM, balaM, phAsavihAro, anatirittapaccayA anApatti, rasataNhAvinodanaM, appicchatAdInaM anulomavRttitA ti / ekAsanabhojane rataM na yatiM bhojanapaccayA rujA / visahanti, rase alolupo parihApeti, na kammamattano // bhojana samApta hone ke pahale hI AcArya yA upAdhyAya A jA~ya to uThakara (praNAmAdi) karaNIya (kArya ko) karanA cAhiye / kintu tripiTaka cUr3Abhaya sthavira ne kahA hai- "yA to Asana para baiThA rahakara bhojana samApta kara le, yA phira (yadi bhojana chor3akara karaNIya karatA hai to) bhojana dubArA na kare / yaha bhojana samApta nahIM kara sakA, ataH karaNIya karanA ho to kare, kintu phira se bhojana na kre|" yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 29. prabheda kI dRSTi se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| inameM 1 utkRSTa vratI jisa bhojana meM hAtha lagA detA hai, vaha thor3A ho yA bahuta, usake atirikta nahIM le sktaa| yadi loga 'sthavira ne kucha bhI nahIM khAyA yaha soca ghRta-Adi le AveM to use socanA cAhiye ki ve ghRtAdi dravya bhaiSajya ke liye hI vihita haiM, AhAra ke liye nahIM / 2. madhyama sAdhaka jaba taka pAtra meM bhojana samApta nahIM hotA, taba taka le sakatA hai| aise sAdhaka ko 'bhojanaparyantaka' kahA jAtA hai| 3. nimna vratI jaba taka Asana se uThatA nahIM, taba bhojana kara sakatA hai| vaha jaba taka pAtra ko dho nahIM detA, taba taka bhojana karane se udakaparyantaka kahA jAtA hai, yA jaba taka Asana se nahIM uThatA taba taka bhojana karane se 'Asanaparyantaka' kahalAtA hai| 30. ina tInoM kA dhutAGga bhI, aneka Asana se (kaI bAra ) bhojana karate hI, bhaGga ho jAtA hai| yaha bheda hai| 31. isa vrata kA mAhAtmya yaha hai- (zarIra meM vAyuvikAra Adi ke kAraNa hone vAle) kaSTa kA alpa honA, roga Adi kA alpa trAsa honA, halakApana, bala, sukhapUrvaka vihAra, atirikta (bhojana) ke kAraNa hone vAlI Apatti kA na honA, rasa- tRSNA para niyantraNa, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honA / $ ekAsana para bhojanarata bhikSu ko bhojana ke kAraNa (utpanna hone vAle) roga nahIM staate| aura vaha rasAsvAdana ke viSaya meM lobharahita ho apane kArya kI hAni nahIM karatA / /

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98 vizuddhimagga iti phAsavihArakAraNe sucisallekharatUpasevite / janayetha visuddha mAnaso ratimekAsanabhojane yatI // ti // ayaM ekAsanikaGge samAdAnavidhAnappabhedabhedAnisaMsavaNNanA // 6. pattapiNDikaGgakathA 32. pattapiNDikaGgaM pi " dutiyabhAjanaM paTikkhipAmi", "pattapiNDikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti / 33. tena pana pattapiNDikena yAgupAnakAle bhAjane ThapetvA vyaJjane laddhe vyaJjanaM vA paThamaM khAditabbaM, yAgu vA pAtabbA / sace pana yAguyaM pakkhipati, pUtimacchakAdimhi byaJjane pakkhitte yAgu paTikUlA hoti / appaTikUlameva ca katvA paribhuJjituM vaTTati / tasmA tathArUpaM byaJjanaM sandhAya idaM vuttaM / yaM pana madhusakkarAdikaM appaTikUlaM hoti, taM pakkhipitabbaM / gahantena ca pamANayuttameva gahitabbaM / AmakasAkaM hatthena gahetvA khAdituM vaTTati / tathA pana akatvA patte yeva pakkhipitabbaM / dutiyakabhAjanassa pana paTikkhittattA aJJa rukkhapaNaM pina vaTTatIti / idamassa vidhAnaM / 34. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti - tattha - 1. ukkaTThassa, aJJatra ucchukhAdana-kAlA, kacavaraM pichaDDetuM na vaTTati, odanapiNDamacchamaMsapUrva pi bhinditvA khAdituM na vaTTati / 2. majjhimassa ekena hatthena bhinditvA khAdituM vaTTati, hatthayogI isaliye vizuddhacitta yati, sukhapUrvaka vihAra ke kAraNa evaM pavitra upekSA bhAvanA meM rati se sevita ekAsana-bhojana ke prati rujhAna ( = rati) utpanna kare / / yaha aikAsanikAsa ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana hai / / 6. pAtrapiNDikAGga 32. SaSTha pAtrapiNDikAna bhI 1 " dvitIya pAtra ( = bhAjana) kA tyAga karatA hU~" yA 2. "pAtrapiNDikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~"- inameM se kisI eka dezanA -vacana grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 33. pAtra - piNDika ko yadi yavAgU (= khicar3I jaisA patalA bhAta, jise piyA jA sake) pIte samaya (kisI dUsare) pAtra meM rakhakara vyaJjana (kar3hI Adi) mile to use yA to pahale vyaJjana khA lenA cAhiye yA yavAgU pI lenI caahiye| yadi (usI) yavAgU meM (vyaJjana) DAla degA, to sukhA kara yA namaka Adi lagAkara rakhI gayI agnisiddha (pakAyI gayI ) machalI (= pUtimatsyaka) Adi kA vyaJjana (yavAgU meM) DAla dene para yavAgU pratikUla (= hAnikAraka ) ho jaaygii| use, pratikUla na ho, isa prakAra hI khAnA ucita hai| (aisI sthiti meM pAtra kA prayoga Avazyaka ho jAtA hai!) isaliye usa prakAra ke vyaJjana ke bAre meM yaha kahA gayA hai| kintu jo madhu, zakkara Adi pratikUla nahIM haiM, unheM yavAgU meM hI DAla denA caahiye| grahaNa karate samaya bhI, mAtrA se grahaNa karanA caahiye| harI zAka-sabjI ko hAtha meM lekara hI khAnA caahiye| jaba taka aisA na kare, pAtra meM hI DAla denA caahiye| dvitIya pAtra ko tyAga cukane se, kisI anya vRkSa kA pattA bhI (pAtra ke rUpa meM) vihita nahIM hai| yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 34. prabheda se yaha tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| unameM 1 utkRSTa vratI ke liye to Ikha khAne ko chor3akara anya ke chilake Adi bhI chor3anA vihita nahIM hai| cAvala kA grAsa, machalI, mAMsa, puA bhI tor3akara khAnA vihita nahIM hai / 2. madhyama ke liye eka hAtha se tor3akara khAnA vihita hai| ise

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2. dhuttaGganisa 99 nAmeso / 3. muduko pana pattayogI nAma hoti, tassa yaM sakkA hoti patte pakkhipituM, sabbaM hatthena vA dantehi vA bhinditvA khAdituM vaTTati / 35. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi dutiyakabhAjanaM sAditakkhaNe dhutaGgaM bhijjati / ayamettha bhedo / 36. ayaM panAnisaMso--nAnArasataNhAvinodanaM, atricchatAya pahAnaM, AhAre payojanamattadassitA, thAlakAdipariharaNakhedAbhAvo, avikkhittabhojitA, appicchatAdInaM anulomavRttitAti / nAnAbhAjanavikkhepaM hitvA okkhittalocano / khaNato vi mUlAni rasataNhAya subbato // sarUpaM viya santu dhArayanto sumAnaso / paribhujeyya AhAraM ko aJJo pattapiNDikA // ti // ayaM pattapiNDikaGge samAdAnavidhAnapyabhedabhedAnisaMsavaNNanA // 7. khalupacchAbhattikaGgakathA 37. khalupacchAbhattikaGgaM pi" atirittabhojanaM paTikkhipAmi", "khalupacchAbhattikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti / 38. tena pana khalupacchAbhattikena pavAretvA puna bhojanaM kappiyaM kAretvA na bhuJjitabbaM / idamassa vidhAnaM / 39. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti / tattha - 1. ukkaTTho yasmA paThamapiNDe 'hastayogI' (karapAtra) kahate haiM / 3. nimna ko 'pAtrayogI' kahate haiN| usake liye vidhAna hai ki jo kucha bhI pAtra meM DAlA jA sakatA hai, usa sabako vaha hAtha se tor3akara yA dA~ta se kATa kara khA sakatA hai| 35. ina tInoM kA dhutAGga dUsare pAtra ko grahaNa karate hI bhaGga ho jAtA hai| yaha yahA~ bhedavinizcaya huA / 36. isa vrata kA mAhAtmya yaha hai- aneka prakAra ke rasoM ke AsvAdana kI tRSNA kA uccheda, bhojana kI atyadhika icchA kA prahANa, AhAra meM zarIra-rakSA Adi prayojanamAtra ko dekha nA. thAlI Adi Dhone kI parezAnI kA abhAva, vikSeparahita hokara bhojana karanA, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honA / aneka pAtroM ke hone se utpanna hone vAle vikSepa kA nAza kara, nIcI dRSTi evaM zreSTha vrata ko dhAraNa kiye hue, rasa- tRSNA kI jar3a ko mAno khodate hue, apane anurUpa santoSa kiye hue pAtrapiNDika vratI ke atirikta aura bhalA kauna (isa prakAra) AhAra kA paribhoga karegA ! / / yaha pAtrapiNDikAM ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda aura mAhAtmya kA varNana hai / / 7. khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga 37. khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga bhI " 1 . atirikta bhojana kA parityAga karatA hU~, 2 "khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~" - inameM se kisI eka dezanA - vacana se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 38. usa khalupazcAdbhaktika sAdhaka ko bhojana kara cukane ke bAda (aura lene se) niSedha kara dene para phira se bhojana svIkAra nahIM karanA caahiye| yaha isakA vidhAna hai|

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100 vizuddhimagga pavAraNA nAma natthi, tasmi pana ajjhohariyamAne aJjaM paTikkhipito hoti, tasmA evaM pavArito paThamapiNDaM ajjhoharitvA dutiyapiNDaM na bhuJjati / 2. majjhimo yasmi bhojane pavArito, tadeva bhuJjati / 3. muduko pana yAva AsanA na vuTThAti tAva bhuJjati / 40. ime pana tiNNaM pi pavAritAnaM kappiyaM kArApetvA bhuttakkhaNe dhutaGgaM bhijjati / ayamettha bhedo / " 41. ayaM panAnisaMso - anatiritta bhojanApattiyA dUrIbhAvo odarikattAbhAvo, nirAmisasannidhitA, punapariyesanAya abhAvo, appicchatAdIneM anulomavRttitA ti / pariyesanAya khedaM na yAti na karoti sannidhiM dhIro / odarikattaM pajahati khalupacchAbhattiko yogI // tasmA sugatapasatthaM santosaguNAdivuDhisaJjananaM / dose vidhunitukAmo bhajeyya yogI dhutaGgamidaM // ti // ayaM khalupacchAbhattikaGge samAdAnavidhAnappabhedabhedAnisaMsavaNNanA // 8. AraJJikaGgakathA 42. AraJJikaGgaM pi " gAmantasenAsanaM paTikkhipAmi ", " AraJJikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti / 43. tena pana ArajJikena gAmantasenAsanaM pahAya araje aru uThThApetabbaM / tattha 39. prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| unameM 1 utkRSTa, kyoMki prathama grAsa ke viSaya meM hAtha khIMcanA (= pravAraNA) (vaise to) nahIM hotA hai; kintu use khAte samaya, yadi dUsare (grAsa) ko dene na de to rokanA mAna liyA jAtA hai; isaliye prathama grAsa ko khAte samaya yadi dUsare ko roka diyA rahatA hai to phira se dUsarA grAsa lekara nahIM khaataa| 2. madhyama jisa grAsa ke bAda niSedha kara cukA hotA hai, use hI khAtA hai| kintu 3 nimna jaba taka Asana se nahIM uThatA taba taka khAtA hai| 40. ina tInoM kA bhI dhutAGga, niSedha kara dene ke bAda phira se svIkAra kara khAte hI, TUTa jAtA hai| yaha isakA bheda hai| 41. isa dhutAGga kA yaha mAhAtmya hai- atirikta bhojana na karane ke kAraNa Apatti se dUra rahanA, udarapUrti se adhika na khAnA, anna kA saMgraha na karanA, punaH bhojana ke liye anveSaNa kA abhAva, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honA / khalupazcAdbhakti yogI bhojana ke anveSaNa kA kaSTa nahIM uThAtA, saJcaya nahIM karatA evaM peTUpana (audarikatva) kA bhI tyAga karatA hai / / isaliye doSoM ko naSTa kara dene kI icchA rakhane vAle yogI ko sugata dvArA prazaMsita evaM santoSa Adi guNoM kI vRddhi karane vAle isa dhutAGga kA pAlana karanA cAhiye / / yaha khalupazcAdbhaktika ke viSaya meM vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya grahaNa kA varNana hai| 8. AraNyakA " 42. aSTama AraNyakAGga bhI, 1. "grAma ke zayanAsana kA tyAga karatA hU~" 2 kA grahaNa karatA hU~"-inameM se kisI eka dezanAvacana se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 43. usa AraNyaka ko grAma ke zayanAsana kA tyAga kara sUryodaya ke samaya araNya meM honA 'AraNyakAGga

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101 2. dhuttaGganisa saddhiM upacArena gAmo yeva gAmantasenAsanaM / gAmo nAma yo koci ekakuTiko vA anekakuTiko vA, parikkhitto vA aparikkhitto vA, samanusso vA amanusso vA, antamaso atirekacAtumAsa- niviTTho yo koci sattho pi / gAmUpacAro nAma parikkhittassa gAmassa sace anurAdhapurasseva dve indakhIlA honti, abbhantarime indakhIle Thitassa thAmamajjhimassa purisassa leddddpaato| tassa lakkhaNaM--yathA taruNamanussA attano balaM dassentA bAhaM pasAretvA leDDuM khipanti, evaM khittassa laDDussa patanaTThAnabbhantaraM ti vinayadharA / suttantikA pana kAkanivAraNaniyamena khittassA ti vadanti / aparikkhittagAme yaM sabbapaccantimassa gharassa dvAre Thito mAtugAmo bhAjanena udakaM chaDDeti, tassa patanaTThAnaM ghruupcaaro| tato vuttanayena eko leDDapAto gAmo, dutiyo gaamuupcaaro| 11 arajJa pana vinayapariyAye tAva "ThapetvA gAmaM ca gAmUpacAraM ca sabbametaM araJJa' (vi0 1-57 ) ti vuttaM / abhidhammapariyAye - "nikkhamitvA bahi indakhIlA, sabbametaM ara" (abhi0 2-302 ) ti vuttaM / imasmi pana suttantikapariyAye "AraJjakaM nAma senAsanaM paJcadhanusatikaM pacchimaM" ti idaM lakkhaNaM / taM Aropitena AcariyadhanunA parikkhittassa gAmassa indakhIlato aparikkhittassa paThamaleDDapAtato paTThAya yAva vihAraparikkhepA minitvA vavatthapetabbaM / sace pana vihAro aparikkhitto hoti, yaM sabbapaThamaM senAsanaM vA bhattasAlA vA caahiye| apanI paridhi (= upacAra, sImA) ke sAtha grAma hI 'grAmAnta-zayanAsana' hai| grAma use kahate haiM jo eka jhor3I vAlA ho yA aneka gharoM vAlA ho, ghirA huA ho yA na ghirA huA, janasaGkula ho yA jnshuuny| yahA~ cAra mAsa se adhika samaya se basA huA sArtha (= kAphilA ) bhI grAma hai| grAma kA upacAra ( pAsa-par3osa ) yaha hai - prAkAra se ghire hue grAma ke, yadi anurAdhapura ke samAna do indrakIla (=grAma ke dvAra para gar3e hue do majabUta caukhaTa) hoM, to caukhaTa ke bhItara khar3e madhyama bala vAle puruSa dvArA pheMke hue Dhele ke girane ke sthAna taka / usakA lakSaNa hai vinayadhara ke anusAra jisa prakAra yuvaka apane bala kA pradarzana karate hue bA~ha ko phailAkara delA pheMkate haiM, usa prakAra se pheMkA gayA DhelA jahA~ gire usa sthAna ke bhItara usa gA~va kI paridhi hai; kintu sautrAntika kahate haiM ki kauve ko ur3Ane ke liye pheMke gaye Dhele ke girane ke sthAna taka paridhi hai / vinA ghire hue grAma meM, antima ghara ke dvAra para khar3I strI bartana se jo pAnI pheMkatI hai, vaha jisa sthAna para giratA hai vahA~ taka ghara kI paridhi hai / ukta prakAra se pheMke gaye Dhele ke girane ke sthAna ke bhItara grAma hai evaM dUsare Dhele ke girane kI jagaha ke bhItara grAma kA pAsa-par3osa ( upacAra ) hai| araNya-vinaya kI vidhi ke anusAra - "grAma evaM grAma kI paridhi chor3akara bAkI saba araNya haiN| abhidharma kI vidhi ke anusAra - " indra - kIla ke bAhara nikala kara saba araNya hai" / kintu sUtrAnta kI vidhi ke anusAra - " AraNyaka zayanAsana (grAma se) pA~ca sau dhanuSa (2000 hAtha kI dUrI para hotA hai" - yaha lakSaNa hai| isa nApa kI vyavasthA (vyAkhyA) isa prakAra karanI cAhiye-ghire hue grAma ke indrakIla se AcArya dvArA car3hAye gaye dhanuSa se lekara evaM vinA ghire hue grAma ke ( viSaya meM) prathama Dhele ke girane se lekara vihAra kI cahAradIvArI taka / yadi vihAra meM cahAradIvArI na ho, to jo sarvaprathama zayanAsana ho, yA pAkazAlA, sabhAgRha,

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102 visuddhimagga dhuvasannipAtaTThAnaM vA bodhi vA cetiyaM vA dUre ce pi senAsanato hoti, taM paricchedaM katvA minitabbaM ti vinayaTThakathAsu vuttaM / majjhimaTThakathAyaM pana vihArassa pi gAmasseva upacAraM nIharitvA ubhinnaM lahupAtAnaM antakA minitabbaM ti vuttaM / idamettha pamANaM / sace pi Asanne gAmo hoti, vihAre Thitehi mAnusakAnaM saddo suyyati, pabbatanadIAdIhi pana antaritattA na sakA ujuM gantuM / yo tassa pakatimaggo hoti, sace pi nAvAya saJcaritabbo, tena maggena paJcadhanusatikaM gahetabbaM / yo pana AsannagAmassa aGgasampAdanatthaM tato tato maggaM pidahati, ayaM dhutaGgacoro hoti| sace pana AraJikassa bhikkhuno upajjhAyo vA Acariyo vA gilAno hoti, tena arao sappAyaM alabhantena, gAmantasenAsanaM netvA upaTThAtabbo / kAlasseva pana nikkhamitvA aGgattaTThAne aruNaM uTThApetabbaM / sace aruNuTThAnavelAyaM tesaM AbAdho vaDDati, tesaM yeva kiccaM kAtabbaM / na dhutaGgasuddhikena bhavitabbaM ti| idamassa vidhaanN| 44. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti / tattha-1. ukchana sabbakAlaM araje aruNaM uTThApetabbaM / 2. majjhimo cattAro vassike mAse gAmante vasituM lbhti| 3.muduko hemantike pi| 45. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi yathAparicchinne kAle araJato AgantvA gAmantasenAsane dhammassavanaM suNantAnaM aruNe uTTite pi dhutaGgaM na bhijjti| sutvA gacchantAnaM antarAmagge uTThite pi na bhijati / sace pana uchite pi dhammakathike 'muhattaM nipajjitvA gamissAmA ti bodhivRkSa yA caitya ho, bhale hI vaha zayanAsana se dUra hI ho to bhI, usI ko sImA mAnate hue nApanA cAhiye-aisA vinaya kI aTThakathAoM meM kahA gayA hai| kintu majjhimanikAya kI aTThakathA meM kahA hai ki vihAra evaM grAma kI paridhiyoM ko chor3akara, jisa dUrI ko nApanA hai vaha do DheloM ke girane ke bIca kI dUrI hai| yaha pramANa hai| bhale hI grAma pAsa meM ho aura logoM kI bAtacIta vihAra meM rahane vAloM ko sunAyI par3e, phira bhI yadi nadI, parvata Adi bIca meM par3a jAne se sIdhe rAste se jAnA sambhava na ho, to pA~ca sau dhanuSa kI dUrI taka sar3aka mArga se jAnA cAhiye, cAhe bhale hI pahale nAva se jAnA par3atA ho / kintu jo dhuta aGga sampAdana ke liye jAna-bUjhakara grAma ke mArga ko jahA~ tahA~ patthara Adi se roka detA hai, vaha 'dhutAgacaura' kahA jAtA hai| yadi AraNyaka kA upAdhyAya yA AcArya rugNa ho evaM araNya meM use cikitsA na prApta ho sake, to bhikSu ko use grAma ke zayanAsana meM le jAkara sevA karanI caahiye| kintu samaya rahate hI vahA~ se nikala kara aGgayukta sthAna (=araNya) meM (hI) sUryodaya ke samaya rahanA cAhiye / yadi sUryodayakAla meM roga bar3ha jAtA ho to unhIM kA kArya karanA caahiye| usa samaya dhutA kI zuddhi ko nahIM dekhanA caahiye| yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 44. prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| unameM, 1. utkRSTa ko sUryodaya ke samaya sadA araNya meM hI honA caahiye| 2. madhyama vratI varSA ke cAra mahIne grAma meM raha sakatA hai| 3. nima hemanta meM grAma meM raha sakatA hai| 45. ina tInoM kA bhI dhutAta. niyata samaya para araNya se Akara grAma ke zayanAsana meM dharmopadeza sunate hue sUryodaya ho jAne para bhI, bhaGga nahIM hotaa| sunakara jAte samaya bIca rAste meM

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2. dhuttaGganiddesa 103 niddAyantAnaM aruNaM uTThahati, attano vA ruciyA gAmantasenAsane aruNaM uTThApenti, dhutaGgaM bhijjatI ti ayamettha bhedo|| 46. ayaM panAnisaMso-AraJiko bhikkhu araJjasajhaM manasikaronto bhabbo aladdhaM vA samAdhiM paTiladdhaM, laddhaM vA rakkhituM / satthA pissa attamano hoti / yathAha"tenAhaM, nAgita, tassa bhikkhuno attamano homi araJavihArenA" (aM0 3-85) ti| pantasenAsanavAsino cassa asappAyarUpAdayo cittaM na vikkhipanti, vigatasantAso hoti, jIvitanikanti jahati, pavivekasukharasaM assAdeti, paMsukUlikAdibhAvo pi cassa patirUpo hotI ti| pavivitto asaMsaTTo pantasenAsane rto| ArAdhayanto nAthassa vanavAsena mAnasaM // eko araje nivasaM yaM sukhaM labhate yti| rasaM tassa na vindanti api devA saindakA // paMsukUlaM ca eso va kavacaM viya dhArayaM / araJasaGgAmagato avsesdhutaayudho|| samattho na cirasseva jetuM mAra svaahini| tasmA araJjavAsamhi ratiM kayirAtha pnnddito|| ti|| ayaM AraJikane smaadaanvidhaanppbhedbhedaanisNsvnnnnnaa|| 9. rukkhamUlikaGgakathA 47. rukkhamUlikaGgakaM pi"channaM paTikkhipAmi", "rukkhamUlikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJjataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti| sUryodaya ho jAne para bhI bhaGga nahIM hotaa| kintu yadi dharmopadezaka ke uTha jAne para bhI "kucha dera so kara jAU~gA" aisA socakara sote hue hI sUryodaya ho jAya, yA apanI ruci se grAma ke zayanAsana meM rahate hue sUryodaya ho jAya, to dhutAGga bhaGga hotA hai| yaha bheda hai| 46. aura isa dhutAGga kA yaha mAhAtya hai-AraNyaka bhikSu araNya-saMjJA kA manaskAra (=mana meM araNyavAsa kA vicAra) karate hue abhI taka aprApta samAdhi ko prApta karane yA prApta kI rakSA karane meM samartha hotA hai| zAstA bhI isase prasanna hote haiN| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"nAgita, maiM usa bhikSu ke araNyavihAra se prasanna hU~" / ekAntazayanAsanavAsI isa bhikSu ke citta ko anucita rUpa Adi vikSipta nahIM krte| yaha cintAmukta rahatA hai, jijIviSA ko chor3a detA hai, praviveka sukha ke rasa kA AsvAdana karatA hai, pAzukUla Adi sthitiyA~ bhI usake anurUpa (anukUla) hotI haiN| sabase pRthak, sabase asampRkta (grAma se dUra), ekAnta zayanAsana meM rata, vanavAsa ke kAraNa nAtha (buddha) ke mana ko prasanna karatA huA, yogI akele araNya meM nivAsa kA jo sukha pAtA hai, usake rasa ko indrasahita (samasta) devatA bhI nahIM anubhava kara skte|| araNya-saMgrAma (araNya meM rahate hue, mAra se saMgrAma) ke liye gayA huA yogI, pAMzukUla ko kavaca kI taraha dhAraNa karate hue evaM zeSa dhutAGgoM ko AyudhoM ke rUpa meM dhAraNa kiye hue, mAra-senA ko jItane meM zIghra hI samartha hotA hai| isaliye paNDita (buddhimAn) araNyavAsa meM rati kre|| yaha AraNyakAla ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana hai||

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vizuddhimagga 48. tena pana rukkhamUlikena sImantarikarukkhaM cetiyarukkhaM niyyAsarukkhaM, phalarukkhaM, vaggulirukkhaM, susirarukkhaM, vihAramajjhe ThitarukkhaM ti ime rukkhe vivajjetvA vihArapaccante Thitarukkho gahetabbo ti / idamassa vidhAnaM / 104 49. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti / tattha - 1. ukkaTTho yathArucitaM rukkhaM gahetvA paTijaggApetuM na labhati / pAdena paNNasaTaM apanetvA vasitabbaM / 2. majjhimo taM ThAnaM sampattehi yeva paTijaggApetuM labhati / 3. mudukena ArAmikasamaNuddase pakkositvA sodhApetvA samaM kArApetvA vAlukaM okirApetvA pAkAraparikkhepaM kArApetvA dvAraM yojApetvA vasitabbaM / mahadivase pana rukkhamUlikena tattha anisIditvA aJJattha paTicchanne ThAne nisIditabbaM / 50. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi channe vAsaM kappitakkhaNe dhutaGgaM bhijjati / jAnitvA channe aruNaM uTThApitamatte ti aGguttarabhANakA / ayamettha bhedo| 51. ayaM panAnisaso- "rukkhamUlasenAsanaM nissAya pabbajjA" (vi0 3- 100 ) ti vacanato nissayAnurUpapaTipattisabbhAvo, "appAni ceva sulabhAni ca tAni ca anavajjAnI" (a0 ni0 2-29) ti bhagavatA saMvaNNitapaccayatayA, abhiNhaM tarupaNNavikAradassanena aniccasaJJAsamuTThApanatA, senAsanamaccherakammArAmatAnaM abhAvo, devatAhi sahavAsitA, appicchatAdInaM anulomavRttitA ti / to buddhasena nissayo ti ca bhAsito / 9. vRkSamUlikA 47 vRkSamUlikAGga bhI, 1 " chAye hue ghara kA tyAga karatA hU~". 2 "vRkSamUlikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~" - inameM se kisI eka dezanAvacana ke dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 48 jisa vRkSamUlika vratI ko sImA (=saGgha kI sImA) ke samIpa ke vRkSa, caitya vRkSa, goMda ke vRkSa, phaladAra vRkSa, jisa para camagAdar3a rahate hoM - aise vRkSa, koTara (= chidra) vAle vRkSa, vihAra ke bIca meM uge hue vRkSa - ina vRkSo ko chor3akara, vihAra ke sImAvartI kisI sthira vRkSa kA grahaNa karanA cAhiye / yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 49 prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| inameM 1 utkRSTa sAdhaka yathAruci vRkSa kA grahaNa karane ke bAda usa sthAna ko sApha-sutharA nahIM karavA sktaa| use kevala paira se sUkhe pattoM ko haTAkara rahanA cAhiye / 2 madhyama sAdhaka vahA~ saMyogavaza Aye hue logoM se sApha sutharA karavA sakatA hai / 3 nimna sAdhaka ko vihAra ke zrAmaNeroM ko bulAkara sApha va barAbara karavAkara bAlU chiTavA kara, cahAradIvArI banavAkara, usameM daravAjA lagavAkara rahanA caahiye| kintu utsava ke dina vRkSamUlika ko vahA~ na baiThakara kisI dUsarI jagaha ADa meM baiThanA cAhiye / * 50 ina tIno kA bhI chata ke nIce nivAsa karate hI dhutAGga bhaGga ho jAtA hai| aGkottarabhANaka kahate hai - " jAna-bUjhakara chAye hue sthAna me sUryodaya ke samaya rahane para" / yaha yahA~ bheda hai| 51 puna aGga kA yaha mAhAtmya hai-"vRkSamUla vAle zayanAsana ke sahAre pravrajyA hai" isa vacana ke anusAra nizraya ke anurUpa pratipatti kA honA, "alpa hai, kintu sulabha aura nirdoSa hai" isa prakAra bhagavAn dvArA prazasita hone se, nirantara vRkSa ke patto kA vikAra (= parivartana) dekhane se anitya sajJA kA udita honA, zayanAsana ke prati mAtsarya kA hAna eva pratikSaNa kAma me lage rahane kI pravRtti (=kammArAmatA) kA abhAva, devatAo ke sAtha nivAsa, alpecchA Adi ke samanurUpa honA / ekAntanivAsa ke liye zreSTha buddha dvArA varNita aura nizraya batalAye gaye vRkSamUla ke samAna dUsarA nivAsa kahA~ ! / /

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2. ghuttaGganisa nivAso pavivittassa rukkhamUlasamo kuto // AvAsamaccherahare devatAparipAlite / pavivitte vasanto hi rukkhamUlamhi subbato // abhirattAni nIlAni paNDUni patitAni ca / passanto tarupaNNAni niccasa panUdati // tasmA hi buddhadAyajjaM bhAvanAbhiratAlayaM / vivittaM nAtimaJJeyya rukkhamUlaM vicakkhaNo // ti // 105 ayaM rukkhamUlikaGge samAdAnavidhAnapyabhedabhedAnisaMsavaNNanA // 10. abbhokAsikaGgakathA 52. abbhokAsikaGgaM pi " channaM ca rukkhamUlaM ca paTikkhipAmi", "abbhokAsikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ( vi0 3 - 100 ) ti imesaM aJJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti / 53. tassa pana abbhokAsikassa dhammassavanAya vA uposathatthAya vA uposathAgAraM pavisituM va Rti, sace paviTThassa devo vassati, deve vassamAne anikkhamitvA vassUparame nikkhamitabbaM / bhojanasAlaM vA aggisAlaM vA pavisitvA vattaM kAtuM, bhojanasAlAya there bhikkhU bhattena ApucchituM uddisantena vA uddisApentena vA channaM pavisituM, bahi dunnikkhittAni maJcapIThAdIni antopavesetuM ca vaTTati / sace maggaM gacchantena vuDDhatarAnaM parikkhAro gahito hoti, deve vassante maggamajjhe ThitaM sAlaM pavisituM vaTTati / sace na kiJci gahitaM hoti, AvAsaviSayaka mAtsarya ko hara lene vAle, devatAoM dvArA paripAlita, vRkSa ke nIce, ekAnta meM nivAsa karate hue yaha suvrata / prArambha meM lAla, phira nIle (nIlimA liye hue hare) evaM anta meM sUkhane se pIle pattoM ko girate hue dekhakara nityasaMjJA kA tyAga kara detA hai / / isaliye buddha se uttarAdhikAra ke rUpa meM prApta, bhAvanAoM meM rata rahane vAloM ke ghara ke samAna ekAnta vRkSamUla kI buddhimAn bhikSu upekSA na kare / / yaha vRkSamUlikAGga ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana hai ! / 10. AbhyavakAzikAGga 52. AbhyavakAzikAGga (abbhokAsikaGga) bhI 1 " chata evaM vRkSamUla kA parityAga karatA hU~". 2. "AbhyavakAzikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~"- inameM se kisI eka dezanAvacana se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / 53 (ka) usa AbhyavakAzika ke liye, dharmazravaNa hetu yA uposatha ke liye uposathagRha meM praveza karanA vihita hai| (kha) yadi praveza karane ke bAda varSA hone lage to varSA ke samaya bAhara na nikala kara varSA ruka jAne para nikalanA caahiye| (ga) bhojanazAlA yA agnizAlA meM jAkara Avazyaka kArya karane ke liye bhojanazAlA meM jAkara sthavira bhikSuoM ko bhojana hetu pUchane ke liye yA par3hane aura par3hAne ke liye, bAhara rakhI huI cArapAI caukI Adi ko bhItara rakhane ke liye yadi (chAye hue sthAna ) ke bhItara praveza karanA par3e to vaha vihita hai / (gha) yadi mArga me jAte samaya apane se bar3e (bhikSuo) kA sAmAna liye hue ho aura varSA hone lage, to madhya mArga me (kisI ) vizrAmazAlA meM praveza karanA vihita hai| (Ga) yadi kucha nahIM liyA ho \

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106 visuddhimagga "sAlAya ThassAmI" ti vegena gantuM na vttttti| pakatigatiyA gantvA pavituna pana yAva vassUparamA ThatvA gantabbaM ti| idamassa vidhaanN| rukkhamUlikassApi eseva nyo| 54. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti| tattha-1. ukchassa rukkhaM vA pabbataM vA gehaM vA upanissAya vasituM na vaTTati / abbhokAse yeva cIvarakuTiM katvA vasitabbaM / 2. majjhimassa rukkhapabbatagehAni upanisAya anto appavisitvA vasituM vaTTati / 3. mudukassa acchannamariyAdaM pabbhAraM pi sAkhAmaNDapo pi pIThapaTo pi khettarakkhakAdIhi chaDDitA tatraTThakakuTikA pi vaTTatI ti| 55. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi vAsatthAya channaM vA rukkhamUlaM vA paviTThakkhaNe dhutaGgaM bhijjati / jAnitvA tattha aruNaM uTThApitamatte ti angguttrbhaannkaa| ayamettha bhedo| 56. ayaM panAnisaMso-AvAsapalibodhupacchedo, thInamiddhapanUdanaM, "migA viya asaGgacArino, aniketA viharanti bhikkhavo" (saM01-200) ti pasaMsAya anurUpatA, nissaGgatA, cAtuddisatA, appicchatAdInaM anulomavuttitA ti| anagAriyabhAvassa anurUpe adullbhe| tArAmaNivitAnamhi cnddiippbhaasite|| abbhokAse vasaM bhikkhu migabhUtena cetsaa| . thInamiddhaM vinodetvA bhAvanArAmataM sito|| to "zAlA meM praveza kruuN|"-aisaa soca, daur3akara jAnA ucita nahIM hai| svAbhAvika gati se jAkara praveza karanA caahiye| evaM jaba taka varSA hotI rahe taba taka Thahara kara (Age) jAnA caahiye| yaha isakA vidhAna hai| (pUrvAkta) vRkSamUlika ke liye bhI yahI vidhi hai| 54. prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| inameM 1. isa aGga ke utkRSTa vratI ko vRkSa, parvata yA ghara ke pAsa nahIM rahanA cAhiye / khule sthAna para cIvara kA tambU banAkara rahanA vihita hai| 2. madhyama sAdhaka vRkSa, parvata yA ghara ke samIpa (=unakI Ar3a meM) raha sakatA hai, kintu vahA~ anta praveza karanA (=unakI chAyA meM AnA) vihita nahIM hai| aura 3.nimna vratI ke liye aisI guphA jisameM maryAdA (guphA ke Upara patthara ko kATa kara chajje jaisA banA diyA jAnA ki pAnI guphA meM na ghuse) na kATI gayI ho, latA-maNDapa, goMda se kar3A kiyA gayA kapar3A (=pIThapaTa), kheta ke rakhavAloM ke dvArA vahA~ chor3I gayI kuTI (=macAna) bhI vihita hai| 55. ina tInoM kA dhRtAGga, nivAsa karane ke prayojana se, chAye hae sthAna yA vRkSa ke nIce praviSTa hote hI bhaGga ho jAtA hai| aGkottara-bhANaka (aGguttaranikAyamatAnuyAyI) kahate haiM-"jAnabUjhakara vahA~ sUryodaya ke samaya bane rahane mAtra se| ye bheda hai| 56. isa aGga kA yaha mAhAtmya hai-AvAsaviSayaka vighna-bAdhAoM kA vinAza, zArIrika va mAnasika Alasya (-styAna, mRddha) kA dUra honA, "bhikSu loga mRga ke samAna akele evaM gRharahita hokara vihAra karate haiM"-isa prazaMsA ke anurUpa honA, saMsargarahita honA (niHsaGgatA), cAroM dizAoM meM jA sakanA, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honaa| __gRha-rahita hokara pravrajyAnukUla bhAvanA ke anurUpa sulabha, tArAgaNarUpI maNiyoM ke vitAna ke samAna, jisameM candramArUpI dIpaka se prakAza ho rahA ho| aise AkAza ke nIce rahate hue bhikSu mRga ke samAna (sajaga) mana se styAna-mRddha ko dUra kara, bhAvanA karane meM lagA huA ho|

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- ayaMjana 2. dhuttaGganiddesa 107 pavivekarasassAdaM nacirasseva vindti| yasmA, tasmA hi sappo abbhokAsarato siyA // ti|| ayaM abbhokAsikaGge smaadaanvidhaanppbhedbhedaanisNvnnnnnaa|| 11. sosAnikaGgakathA 57. sosAnikaGge pi "na susAnaM paTikkhipAmi", "sosAnikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJjataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti| 58. tena pana sosAnikena yaM manussA gAmaM nivesantA "idaM susAnaM" ti vavatthapenti, na tattha vasitabbaM / na hi matasarIre ajjhApite taM susAnaM nAma hoti, jhApitakAlato pana paTThAya sace pi dvAdasavassAni chaDDitaM, taM susaanmev| tasmi pana vasantena cakama-maNDapAdIni kAretvA maJcapIThaM paJapetvA pAnIyaparibhojanIyaM upaTThApetvA dhammavAcentena na vasitabbaM / garukaM hi idaM dhutaGgaM, tasmA uppannaparissayavighAtatthAya saGghattheraM vA rAjayuttakaM vA jAnApetvA appamattena vasitabbaM / caGkamantena addhakkhikena ALAhanaM olokentena cngkmitbbN| __ susAnaM gacchantenApi mahApathA ukkamma uppathamaggena gantabbaM / divA seva ArammaNaM vavatthapetabbaM / evaM hissa taM rattiM bhayAnakaM na bhavissati, amanussA rattiM viravitvA viravitvA AhiNDantA pi na kenaci phritbbaa| ekadivasaM pi susAnaM agantuM na vaTTati / majjhimaya meM kyoMki vaha zIghra hI ekAntacintana (-praviveka) kA rasAsvAdana karatA hai, ataH prajJa vAn bhikSu khule maidAna meM rahane kA abhyAsa kre|| - yaha AbhyavakAzikAja ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda mAhAtmya kA varNana huaa|| 11.zmAzAnikAGga 57.zmAzAnikAGga bhI 1. "zmazAna kA parityAga nahIM karU~gA" yA 2 "zmAzAnikAGga ko grahaNa karatA hU~"- inameM se kisI eka dezanA-vacana se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 58 usa zmAzAnika sAdhaka ko kevala isaliye kisI sthAna para nahIM rahanA cAhiye ki gA~va basAne vAloM ne usake viSaya meM "yaha zmazAna hai"-aisA mAna liyA hai| kyoMki jaba taka vahA~ koI mRta zarIra jalAyA na jAya, taba taka vaha zmazAna nahIM hai| kintu , yadi zava eka bAra jalA diyA gayA to, jalAne ke samaya se vaha zmazAna hai, bhale hI phira bAraha varSa taka bhI use chor3a diyA jAya (=usameM zava na jalAyA jaay)| usameM rahane vAle ko caMkramaNa-maNDapa Adi banavAkara, cArapAI yA caukI bichAkara, pIne evaM nahAne-dhone kA pAnI rakhavA kara dharma-grantha bA~cate hue nahIM rahanA caahiye| yaha dhutAGga kaThina hai, isaliye usase utpanna (ho sakane vAle) upadrava (=parizraya) ko miTAne ke liye saddha-sthavira yA rAja karmacArI ko sUcita karake apramAda ke sAtha rahanA caahiye| caMkramaNa karate hue A~khoM ko AdhA khole hae zmazAna kI ora dekhate hae caMkramaNa karanA caahiye| zmazAna kI ora jAte samaya bhI use mukhya mArga ko chor3akara unmArga se jAnA caahiye| dina meM hI Alambana ko acchI taraha dekhakara mana meM jamA lenA cAhiye / yoM karane se usake liye vaha rAtri bhayAnaka nahIM hogii| amanuSyoM ( bhUta-pretoM Adi) ke kolAhala karate hue ghUmate rahane para bhI (unameM se kisI para) kisI cIja se prahAra nahIM karanA caahiye| eka dina ke liye bhI zmazAna na jAnA vihita

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108 visuddhimagga susAne khepetvA pacchimayAme paTikkamituM vaTTatI ti aGguttarabhANakA / amanussAnaM piyaM tilapiTThamAsabhattamacchamaMsakhIratelaguLAdikhajjabhojjaM na sevitabbaM / kulagehaM na pavisitabba ti / idamassa vidhAnaM / 59. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti / tattha - 1. ukkaTThena yattha dhuvaDAhadhruvakuNapadhuvarodanAni atthi, tattheva vasitabbaM / 2. majjhimassa tIsu ekasmipi sati vaTTati / 3. mudukassa vuttanayena susAnalakkhaNaM pattamatte vaTTati / 60. ime pana tiNNaM pi na susAnamhi vAsaM kappena dhutaGgaM bhijjati / susAnaM agatadivase ti aGguttarabhANakA / ayamettha bhedo / 61. ayaM panAnisaMso-- maraNasamasatipaTilAbho, appamAdavihAritA, asubhanimittAdhigamo, kAmarAgavinodanaM, abhiNhaM kAyasabhAvadassanaM, saMvegabahulatA, ArogyamadAdippahAnaM, bhayabheravasahanatA, amanussAnaM garubhAvanIyatA, appicchatAdInaM anulomavRttitA ti / sosAnikaM hi maraNAnusatippabhAvA niddAgataM pi na phusanti pamAdadosA / sampassatoca kuNapAni bahUni tassa kAmAnubhAvavasagaM pi na hoti cittaM // saMvegameti vipulaM na madaM upeti sammA atho ghaTati nibbutimesamAno / sosAnikaGgamiti nekaguNAvahattA nibbAnaninnahadayena nisevitabbaM // ti // ayaM sosAnikaGge samAdAnavidhAnapyabhedabhedAnisaMsavaNNanA // nahIM hai / aGkottarabhANaka kahate haiM ki rAtri ke madhyama prahara ko zmazAna meM bitAkara pichale prahara meM lauTanA caahiye| (zmAzAnika ko) amanuSyoM ko priya lagane vAle khAdya padArtha jaise- tila kI piTThI (= kasAra), urda milA kara banAyA gayA cAvala, machalI, mAMsa, dUdha, tela, gur3a Adi khAdya-bhojya nahIM khAnA caahiye| aise gharoM meM, jahA~ parivAra rahate hoM, nahIM jAnA caahiye| yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 59. prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| inameM isa aGga ke 1. utkRSTa sAdhaka ko jahA~ nirantara zava dAha hotA ho, jahA~ nirantara zava par3e rahate hoM, jahA~ hamezA ronA-pITanA macA rahatA ho vahIM rahanA caahiye| 2. madhyama ke liye tInoM meM se eka ke bhI hone para (rahanA) vihita hai / 3 nimna ke liye pUrvokta zmazAna kA lakSaNa prApta hone mAtra se vahA~ rahanA vihita hai| 60. ina utkRSTa Adi tInoM kA bhI dhutAGga kisI aise sthAna meM, jo zmazAna nahIM hai, nivAsa karate hI bhaGga ho jAtA hai / parantu aGkottarabhANaka kahate haiM ki jisa dina zmazAna nahIM jAtA usa dina / yaha bheda hai| 61. aura isakA mAhAtmya yaha hai-mRtyu kI smRti kA bane rahanA, apramAda ke sAtha vihAra, azubha nimitta kI prApti, kAma-rAga kA nirAkaraNa, nirantara zarIra ke svabhAva (= azuci, nazvaratA Adi) kA darzana, saMvega (vairAgya) kI adhikatA, Arogya ke abhimAna kA prahANa, bhaya evaM bhayaGkaratA ke prati sahanazIlatA, amanuSyoM ke liye sammAna ( = gaurava) kA pAtra honA, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honA / mAzAnika ko maraNAnusmRti ke prabhAva se nIMda meM bhI pramAda se utpanna hone vAle doSa sparza nahIM kara pAte / aneka zavoM ko dekhate hue, usakA citta kAmarAga ke vazIbhUta nahIM hotA / / atyadhika saMvega utpanna hotA hai, abhimAna nahIM hotaa| nirvANa kA anveSaNa karate hue bhalIbhA~ti udyoga karatA hai| isaliye jisakA hRdaya nirvANa kI ora jhukA huA ho, use aneka guNoM ke utpAdaka isa zmAzAnikAGga kA sevana karanA cAhiye / / yaha zmAzAnikAGga ke viSaya meM grahaNa, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya hai / /

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109 2. dhuttaGganiddesa 12. yathAsanthatikaDakathA 62. yathAsanthatika] pi "senAsanaloluppaM paTikkhipAmi", "yathAsanthatikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti| 63. tena pana yathAsanthatikena yadassa senAsanaM "idaM tumhaM pApuNAtI" ti gAhitaM hoti, teneva tuTubba, na ao uTThApetabbo / idamassa vidhaanN| 64. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti; tattha-1.ukTo attano pattasenAsanaM dUre ti vA accAsanne ti vA, amanussadIghajAtikA upadbhutaM ti vA, uNhaM ti vA sItalaM ti vA pucchituM na lbhti| 2. majjhimo pucchituM labhati, gantvA pana oloketuM na lbhti| 3. muduko gantvA oloketvA sacassa taM na ruccati, aGagahetuM lbhti| 65. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi senAsanaloluppe uppannamatte dhutaGgaM bhijjatI ti| ayamettha bhedo| 66. ayaM panAnisaMso-"yaM laddhaM tena tuTThabbaM" (khu0 3: 1-31) ti vuttovAdakaraNaM, sabrahmacArInaM hitesitA, hInapaNItavikappapariccAgo, anurodhavirodhappahAnaM, atricchatAya dvArapidahanaM, appicchatAdInaM anulomavuttitA ti| yaM laddhaM tena santuTTho yathAsanthatiko yti| nimbikappo sukhaM seti tiNasantharaNesu pi|| na so rajjati seTThamhi hInaM laddhA na kuppti| 12. yathAsaMstRtikAja (yathAsanthatikaGga) 62. yathAsaMstRtikAGga bhI "1. zayanAsana ke prati lolupatA kA parityAga karatA hU~", yA 2."yathAsaMstRtikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~"- inameM se kisI eka dezanAvacana ke dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 63. usa yathAsaMstRtika ko jo bhI zayanAsana 'yaha Apake liye hai'-isa prakAra kahakara diyA jAya, usI se santuSTa rahanA caahiye| kisI dUsare ko use (usake Asana se) nahIM uThAnA cAhiye / yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 64. prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| unameM- 1. utkRSTa yaha nahIM pUcha sakatA hai ki kyA merA zayanAsana dUra hai yA bahuta pAsa hai? yahA~ vahA~ amanuSyoM yA dIrghajAtika (sarpa Adi) kA upadrava ho sakatA hai? athavA garma hai yA zItala hai? 2. madhyama pUcha sakatA hai, kintu jAkara nirIkSaNa nahIM kara sktaa| 3. nimna jAkara, dekhakara, yadi use na ruce to dUsarA grahaNa kara sakatA hai| 65. ina tInoM kA bhI dhutAGga zayanAsana ke prati lolupatA utpanna hote hI bhaGga ho jAtA hai| yaha bheda hai| 66. isakA mAhAtmya yaha hai-"jo mile usase santoSa karanA cAhiye"- isa bhagavadvacana kA pAlana, sAthiyoM kA hitaiSI honA, 'yaha hIna hai', 'yaha uttama hai'-aise vikalpa (UhApoha) kA parityAga, sahamati evaM virodha kA prahANa, atyadhika icchA ke dvAra banda karanA, alpecchatA Adi ke samanurUpa honaa| jo mila jAya usI se santuSTa yathAsaMstRtika yati vikalparahita hokara ghAsa ke bichaune para bhI sukhapUrvaka sotA hai||

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110 visuddhimagga sabrahmacArinavake hitena anukmpti|| tasmA ariyasatAciNNaM munipunggvvnnnnitN| anuyuJjetha medhAvI yathAsanthatarAmataM // ti|| ayaM yathAsanthatikaGge smaadaanvidhaanppbhedbhedaanisNsvnnnnnaa|| 13. nesajjikaGakathA / 67. nesajikaGgaM pi "seyyaM paTikkhipAmi", "nesajjikaGgaM samAdiyAmI" ti imesaM aJjataravacanena samAdinnaM hoti| 68. tena pana nesajjikena rattiyA tIsu yAmesu ekaM yAmaM uTThAya caGkamitabbaM / iriyApathesu hi nipajjitumeva na vttttti| idamassa vidhaanN| 69. pabhedato pana ayaM pi tividho hoti; tattha-1. ukTussa neva apassenaM, na dussapallatthikA, na AyogapaTTo vttttti| 2. majjhimassa imesu tIsu yaM kiJci vttttti| 3. mudukassa apassenaM pi dussapallatthikA pi AyogapaTTo pi bibbohanaM pi paJcaGgo pi sattaGgo pi vttttti| paJcaGgo pana piTThiapassayena saddhiM kto| sattaGgo nAma piTThiapassayena ca ubhatopassesu apassayehi ca saddhiM kto| taM kira pIThAbhayattherassa akNsu| thero anAgAmI hutvA prinibbaayi| 70. imesaM pana tiNNaM pi seyyaM kappitamatte dhutaGgaM bhijjati / ayamettha bhedo| vaha zreSTha ke prati rAga nahIM karatA aura hIna ko pAkara krodha nahIM krtaa| navIna sabrahmacAriyoM ke hita ke liye anukampA karatA hai| isaliye medhAvI bhikSu ko AryajanoM se sevita, munipuGgava (=bhagavAn buddha) dvArA prazaMsita yathAsaMstRtika-vihAra (sAdhanA) meM nirantara saMlagna rahanA cAhiye / / yaha yathAsaMstutikAla ke viSaya meM samAdAna, vidhAna, prabheda, bheda evaM mAhAtmya kA varNana samApta huA / / 13. naiSadhikAGga 67. terahavA~ naiSadhikA bhI 1. "zayyA kA parityAga karatA hU~", yA 2 naiSadhikAGga kA grahaNa karatA hU~"-inameM se kisI eka dezanAvacana se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 68. usa naiSadyika vratI ko rAtri ke tIna praharoM meM se eka prahara meM uThakara caMkramaNa karanA caahiye| I-pathoM meM se zayana hI usake liye vihita nahIM hai| yaha isakA vidhAna hai| 69. prabheda se yaha bhI tIna prakAra kA hai| unameM 1. utkRTa ke liye na to kisI sahAre kA pITha kA TekanA.na'dassapallatthikA' ('kapaDA yA rUI ko gola kara banAyA haA masanada.jisase pITha ko sahArA diyA jA sake / ) na 'AyogapaTTa' (vastra Adi ke dvArA svazarIra ko kisI khUTI Adi acala padArtha se bA~dhe rakhanA, tAki zarIra kI niSIdana-avasthA meM bAdhA na Ave) hI vihita hai 12. madhyama ke liye ina tInoM meM se koI bhI vihita hai| 3. nimna ke liye pITha TekanA bhI. dussapallatthikA bhI, AyogapaTTa bhI, takiyA bhI, paJcAGga evaM saptAGga bhI vihita hai| pITha ke liye Teka ke sAtha banAye gaye cAra pAda vAle Asana ko paJcAGga kahate haiN| pITha ke liye Teka ke sAtha hI, donoM hAthoM ke liye bhI Teka ke liye banAye gaye cAra pAda vAle Asana ko saptAGga kahate haiN| sambhavataH ise pIThAbhaya sthavira ke liye pahale-pahala banavAyA gayA thaa| sthavira anAgAmI hokara parinivRtta hue the| 70 ina tInoM kA hI dhutAGga inake dvArA zayyA kA sevana (upayoga) karate hI bhaGga ho jAtA hai| yaha bheda hai|

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2. dhuttaGganidesa 111 71. ayaM panAnisaMso-"seyyasukhaM passasukhaM middhasukhaM anuyutto viharatI" (dI0 3-185) ti vuttassa cetaso vinibandhassa upacchedanaM, sabbakammaTThAnAnuyogasappAyatA, pAsAdikairiyApathatA, viriyArambhAnukUlatA, sammApaTipattiyA anubrUhanaM ti| AbhujitvAna pallavaM paNidhAya uju tanu / nisIdanto vikampeti mArassa hRdayaM yti|| seyyasukhaM middhasukhaM hitvA aarddhviiriyo| nisajAbhirato bhikkhu sobhayanto tpovnN|| nirAmisaM pItisukhaM yasmA smdhigcchti| tasmA samanuyuJjayya dhIro nesajjikaM vataM // ti|| ayaM nesajjikaGge smaadaanvidhaanppbhedbhedaanisNsvnnnnnaa|| dhutaGgapakiNNakakathA 72. idAni kusalattikato ceva dhutAdInaM vibhaagto|| samAsavyAsato cApi vijJAtabbo vinicchayo // (vi0 ma0 2/3) ti imissA gAthAya vasena vaNNanA hoti| tatza kusalattikato ti sabbAneva hi dhutaGgAni sekkha-puthujana-khINAsavAnaM vasena siyA kusalAni, siyA abyAkatAni, natthi dhutaGgaM akusalaM ti| yo pana vadeyya- "pApiccho icchApakato AraJjiko hotI" (aM0 2-463) 71. aura isakA yaha mAhAtmya hai- ''zayyA-sukha, pArzva-sukha ( bagala meM kisI ke hone kA sukha), nidrA-sukha meM rata ho viharatA hai"- isa vacana meM ukta citta ke bandhana kA nAza, sabhI karmasthAnoM meM lagane kI anukUlatA, prAsAdika (zArIrika suvidhAyukta) IryApatha kA honA, udyoga ke anukUla honA, samyaka pratipatti kI vRddhi / ___ zarIra ko sIdhA rakha, padmAsana lagAkara baiThA huA yati mAra (kAma) ke hRdaya ko kampita karatA hai|| zayyA-sukha evaM nidrAsukha kA tyAga kara, udyogI, baiThane meM rata bhikSu tapovana ko suzobhita karatA huA nirAmiSa (=vizuddha) prItisukha prApta karatA hai, ataH dhairyavAn sAdhaka naiSadhika vrata meM lagA rhe|| yaha naivadhikA ke samAdAna, prabheda Adi kA varNana pUrNa huaa|| dhutAGgaprakIrNakakathA 72. aba kuzala-trika, dhuta Adi ke vibhAga kA saMkSepa evaM vistAra se bhI ina dhutAGgoM kA vinizcaya (nirNaya) jAnanA caahiye| ataH isa pUrvokta gAthA ke anusAra ina dhutAGgoM ke viSaya meM avaziSTa varNana kiyA jA rahA hai| inameM, kuzalatrika se- sabhI dhutAGga zaikSya, pRthagjana, kSINAsrava ke anusAra kuzala ho sakate haiM yA arhat ke sandarbha meM avyAkRta ho sakate haiM; kintu dhutAGga akuzala nahIM ho sktaa| yadi koI kahe ki "araNya meM rahane vAlA (bhI) pApamaya icchA vAlA, svacchandacAra hotA hai"

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112 vizuddhimagga ti Adivacanato akusalaM pi dhutaGgaM ti ? so vattabbo - na mayaM 'akusalacittena araje na vasatI' ti vadAma / yassa hi araJJe nivAso, so AraJJiko / so ca pApiccho vA bhaveyya, appiccho vA / imAni pana tena tena samAdAnena dhutakilesattA dhutassa bhikkhuno aGgAni, kilesadhunanato vA dhutaM ti laddhavohAraM jANaM aGgametesaM ti dhutaGgAni / atha vAdhutAni ca tAni paripakkhaninanato aGgAni ca paTipattiyA ti pi dhutaGgAnI ti vuttaM / na ca akusalena koci dhuto nAma hoti, yassetAni aGgAni bhaveyyuM; na ca akusalaM kiJci dhunAti, taM titvA taGgAnI ti vucceyyaM / nApi akusalaM cIvaraloluppAdIni ceva niddhunAti, paTipattiyA ca aGgaM hoti, tasmA suvuttamidaM - "natthi akusalaM dhutaGgaM" ti // ye pi kusalattikavinimuttaM dhuta, tesaM atthato dhutaGgameva natthi / asantaM kassa dhunanato dhutaGgaM nAma bhavissati ! " dhutaguNe samAdAya vattatI" ti vacanavirodho pi ca nesaM Apajjati, tasmA taM na gahetabbaM " ti / ayaM tAva kusalattikato vaNNanA / 73. dhutAdInaM vibhAgato ti / dhuto veditabbo, dhutavAdo veditabbo, dhutadhammA veditabbA, dhutaGgAni veditabbAni, kassa dhutaGgasevanA sappAyA ? - ti veditabbaM / 74. tattha dhutoti / dhutakileso vA puggalo, kilesadhunano vA dhammo / Adi vacanoM ke anusAra dhutAGga bhI akuzala hotA hai? to usase kahanA cAhiye- hama nahIM kahate hai ki akuzala citta se koI araNya meM nahIM raha sktaa| jo koI bhI araNya meM nivAsa karatA hai, vaha AraNyaka hai, cAhe vaha pApamaya icchA vAlA yA alpeccha ho / kintu, jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai, ye usa bhikSu ke aGga (abhyAsa, niyama) haiM jo dhuta hai, jisane inameM se kisI eka ko dhAraNa karane se klezoM ko dhuta (=vicalita) kara diyA hai, athavA klezoM ko dhuna DAlane ke kAraNa dhuta kahA jA vAlA jJAna inakA aGga hai, isaliye ye dhutAGga haiN| athavA, pratipakSa (virodhI durgaNoM) kA dhunana karane ke kAraNa dhuta haiM evaM pratipatti (mArga) hone ke kAraNa aGga haiM- aisA bhI kahA jAtA hai| akuzala ke dvArA to koI bhI dhuta (=parizuddha) nahIM hotA, jisake ki ye aGga ho| aura na hI akuzala kisI ko dhunatA hai, jisakA aGga mAnakara unheM dhutAGga kahA jaay| akuzala na to cIvara ke prati lolupatA Adi ko dhunatA hai aura na pratipatti kA aGga hI hotA hai| isaliye yaha ThIka hI kahA gayA hai ki "akuzala dhutAGga nahIM hotA" / jinakA (anurAdhapura ke abhayagirivihAra ke nivAsI sthaviroM kA jinake anusAra dhutAGga prajJaptimAtra=nAma yA saMjJA mAtra haiM -) yaha bhI kahanA hai ki "dhutAGga kuzala - trika zaikSya pRthagjana kSINAstra Adi se bAhara haiM, unake liye vastutaH dhutAGga haiM hI nhiiN"| jaba ve haiM hI nahIM, to kisake dhunane se dhutAGga nAma hogA! " dhutaguNoM kA grahaNa karane ke liye pravRtta hotA hai - isa vacana se bhI una sthaviroM kA virodha hotA hai, ataH unake mata ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / / yaha kuzala-trika ke anusAra dhutAGgoM kA varNana hai / / 73. dhuta Adi ke vibhAga se - dhuta ko jAnanA cAhiye, dhutavAdI ko jAnanA cAhiye, dhutadhamA ko jAnanA cAhiye, dhutAGgoM ko jAnanA cAhiye ( evaM ) dhutAGga kisake liye upayukta hai? - ise jAnanA cAhiye / 74. dhuta - yahA~ 'dhuta se aise pudgala kA tAtparya hai jisake kleza dhuna diye arthAt vicalita

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2. dhuttaGganiddesa 113 75. dhutavAdo ti| ettha pana- 1. asthi dhuto na dhutavArdA, 2. asthi na dhuto dhutavAdo, 3. asthi neva dhuto na dhutavAdo, 4. asthi dhuto ceva dhutavAdo c| tattha yo dhutaGgena attano kilese dhuni,paraM pana dhutaGgena na ovadati, nAnusAsati, bakkulatthero viya, ayaM dhuto na dhutvaado| yathAha-"tayidaM AyasmA bakulo dhuto na dhutavAdo" ti| (1) yo pana na dhutaGgena attano kilese dhuni, kevalaM aJja dhutaGgena ovadati anusAsati, upanandatthero viya, ayaM na dhuto dhutvaado| yathAha-"tayidaM AyasmA upanando sakyaputto na dhuto dhutavAdo" ti| (2) - yo ubhayavipanno, lALudAyI viya, ayaM neva dhuto na dhutvaado| yathAha-"tayidaM AyasmA lALudAyI neva dhuto na dhutavAdo" ti| (3) yo pana ubhayasampanno, dhammasenApati viya, ayaM dhuto ceva dhutavAdo c| yathAha"tayidaM AyasmA sAriputto dhuto ceva dhutavAdo cA" ti| (4) 76. dhutadhammA veditabbA ti / appicchitA, santuTThitA, sallekhatA, pavivekatA, idamatthitA ti ime dhutaGgacetanAya parivArakA paJca dhammA "appicchataM yeva nissAyA" (aM0 2-464) ti Adi vacanato dhutadhammA naam| tattha appicchatA ca santuTThitA ca alobho| sallekhatA ca pavivekatA ca dvIsu dhammesu anupatanti alobhe ca amohe c| idamatthitA aannmev| tattha ca alobhena paTikkhepavatthusu lobhaM, amohena tesveva AdInavapaTicchAdakaM mohaM dhunaati| alobhena ca anujJAtAnaM paTisevanamukhena pavattaM kara diye gaye hoM yA vaha dharma (=sthiti) jo klezoM kA dhunanA sUcita karatA hai| vAstavika dhutavAdI samajhane ke liye use nimnalikhita rUpa meM cAra bhAgoM meM bA~Takara samajhanA caahiye| 75. dhutavAdI-jaise 1. koI dhuta hai dhutavAdI nahIM hai; 2. dhuta nahIM hai, dhutavAdI hai; 3. na dhuta hai; na dhutavAdI hai evaM 4. koI dhuta bhI hai dhutavAdI bhI hai| inameM, 1. jo vakula sthavira ke samAna dhutA se apane klezoM ko dhuna DAlatA hai, kintu dUsare ko dhutAGga dhAraNa karane kA parAmarza yA upadeza nahIM karatA vaha dhuta hai, dhutavAdI nhiiN| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"yaha AyuSmAn vakkula dhuta hai, dhutavAdI nahIM" 2. kintu jo dhutAGga se apane klezoM ko nahIM dhunatA, apitu kevala dUsare ko salAha yA upadeza detA hai vaha upananda sthavira ke samAna dhuta nahIM hai, dhutavAdI hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"yaha AyuSmAn upananda zAkyaputra dhuta nahIM, dhutavAdI hai|" 3. jo lALudAyI ke samAnAdaunoM se rahita hai, vaha dhuta hai na dhutavAdI hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"yaha AyuSmAn lALudAyI na dhuta hai, na dhutvaadii|4. jo dharmasenApati (sAriputra) ke samAna donoM se yukta hai, vaha dhuta bhI hai aura dhutavAdI bhI hai, jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"yaha AyuSmAn sAriputra dhuta bhI hai, dhutavAdI bhI hai|" 76. dhuta-dharmoM ko bhI jAnanA cAhiye- alpecchatA, santoSa, upekSA, praviveka, idamastitAye dhutAnacetanA ke parivAra (rUpa) pA~ca dharma dhuta dharma haiM, "alpeccha ke hI AdhAra para" Adi vacana ke anusAra / unameM, alpecchatA aura santoSa alobha hai| 'idamastitA' jJAna hI hai| vaha aloma ke dvArA virodhI vastuoM meM loga ko evaM amoha ke dvArA unameM hI doSoM ko chipAye rahane vAle moha ko dhunatA hai| alobha ke dvArA kAmasukhopabhoga ko, jo ki pratisevana ke mAdhyama se anujJAta (=batalAyA gayA)

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114 visuddhimagga kAmasukhAnuyogaM, amohena dhutaGgesu atisallekhamukhena pavattaM attakilamathAnuyogaM dhunAti / tasmA ime dhammA 'dhutadhammA' ti veditbbaa| 77. dhutaGgAni veditabbAnI ti| terasa dhutaGgAni veditabbAni-paMsukUlikaGgaM ....pe0.... nesajjikaGgaM ti| tAni atthato lakkhaNAdIhi ca vuttaanev| 78. kassa dhutaGgasevanA sappAyA ti? rAgacaritassa ceva mohacaritassa c| kasmA? dhutaGgasevane hi dukkhApaTipadA ceva sallekhavihAro c| dukkhApaTipadaM ca nissAya rAgo vuupsmmti| sallekhaM nissAya appamattassa moho pahoyati / AraJikaGgarukkhamUlikaGgapaTisevanA vA ettha dosacaritassApi sppaayaa| tattha hissa asaGghaTTiyamAnassa viharato doso pi vUpasammatI ti|| ayaM dhutAdInaM vibhAgato vnnnnnaa|| 79. samAsavyAsato ti / imAni pana dhutaGgAni samAsato tINi sIsaGgAni, paJca asambhinnagAnI ti aTeva honti / tattha sapadAnacArikaGgaM, ekAsanikaGgaM, abbhokAsikaGgaM ti imAni tINi sIsaGgAni / sapadAnacArikaGgaM hi rakkhanto piNDapAtikaGgaM pi rakkhissati / ekAsanikaGgaM ca rakkhato pattapiNDikaGgakhalupacchAbhattikaGgAni pi surakkhaNIyAni bhavissanti / abbhokAsikaGgaM rakkhantassa kiM atthi rukkhamUlikaNayathAsanthatikaGgesu rakkhitabbaM nAma! iti imAni tINi sIsaGgAni; AraJikaGga, paMsukUlikaGgaM, tecIvarikaGgaM, nesajjikaGgaM, sosAnikaGgati imAni paJca asambhinnaGgAni cA ti aTeva honti| hai, dhunatA hai; amoha ke dvArA dhutAGgoM meM, ati upekSA se pravRta 'svayaM ko kaSTa dete rahane kI pravRtti' (attakilamathAnuyoga) ko dhunatA hai| isaliye ye dharma 'dhuta dharma' samajhe jAne caahiye| 77. dhutAGgoM ko bhI jAnanA cAhiye- teraha dhutAGgoM ko jAnanA caahiye| jaise--1. pAMzukUlikAGga.... 13 naissdykaangg| unake artha evaM lakSaNa Adi isI prakaraNa me pahale kahe hI jA cuke haiN| 78. kisake liye dhutAGga kA sevana upayukta hai?- rAgacarita evaM mohacarita ke liye / kyoM? kyoMki dhutAGgasevana duHkhapratipad evaM upekSAvihAra haiN| duHkha-pratipad se rAga zAnta ho jAtA hai| evaM jo upekSA ke kAraNa pramAdarahita hai, usakA moha naSTa ho jAtA hai| AraNyakAGga yA vRkSamUlikAGga kA sevana dveSacarita ke liye bhI upayukta hai| ekAnta hone ke kAraNa vahA~ usake saGgharSarahita hokara vihAra karane se usakA dveSa bhI zAnta ho jAtA hai|| yaha dhuta Adi kA, vibhAga ke anusAra, varNana samApta huaa|| 79 saMkSepa (samAsa) aura vistAra (vyAsa) se- ye dhutAGga, saMkSepa meM, tIna pradhAna (-zIrSa) aGga evaM pA~ca asambhinna aGga-isa prakAra kula ATha hI hote haiN| unameM, sApadAnacArikAGga, aikAsanikAGga, AbhyavakAzikAGga-ye zIrSa aGga haiM, kyoMki sApadAnacArikAGga, aikAsanikAGga. AbhyavakAzikAGgaye zIrSa aGga haiM, kyoMki sApadAnacArikAGga kA pAlana karane vAlA piNDapAtikAGga kA bhI pAlana karegA / aisAsanikAGga kA pAlana karane vAlA piNDapAtikAGga kA bhI pAlana karegA : aikAsanikAGga kA pAlana karate hue pAtrapiNDika evaM khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga kA bhI pAlana ho jaaygaa| AbhyavakAzikAGga ke liye vRkSamUlikAGga aura yathAsastRtikAGga kA pAlana kA mahattva rakhatA hai! isa prakAra ye tIna pradhAna aGga evaM AraNyakAGga, pAMzukUlikAGga, traicIvarikAGga, naiSadhikAGga, zmAzAnikA....ye pA~ca asambhira aGga-(saGkalanayA) ATha hI hote haiN|

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2. dhuttaGganiddesa puna cIvarapaTisaMyukttAni paJca piNDapAtapaTisaMyuttAni paJca senAsanapaTisayuttAni, ekaM viriyapaTisaMyukttaM ti evaM cattAro va honti / tattha nesajjikaGgaM viriyapaTisaMyuttaM / itarAni pAkaTAneva / 115 puna sabbAneva nissayavasena dve honti paccayanissitAni dvAdasa, viriyanissitaM ekaM ti / sevitabbAsevitabbavasena pi dve yeva honti / yasya hi dhutaGgaM seventassa kammaTThAnaM vaDDhati, na sevitabbAni / yassa sevato hAyati, tena na sevitabbAni / yassa pana sevato pi asevato pi vaDDhateva, na hAyati, tenApi pacchimaM janataM anukampantena sevitabbAni / yassApi sevato pi asevato pi na vaDDati, tenApi sevitabbAni yeva AyatiM vAsanatthAyA ti / evaM sevitabbAsevitabbavasena duvidhAni pi sabbAneva cetanAvasena ekavidhAni honti / ekameva hi dhutaGgaM samAdAnacetanA ti / aTThakathAyaM pi vRttaM - " yA cetanA, taM 'dhutaGga' ti vadantI" ti / 80. byAsato pana bhikkhUnaM terasa, bhikkhunInaM aTTha, sAmaNerAnaM dvAdasa, sikkhamAnasAmaNerInaM satta, upAsaka upAsikAnaM dve ti dvAcattAlIsa honti / sace pana abbhokA AraJJikaGgasampannaM susAnaM hoti, eko pi bhikkhu ekappahArena sabbadhutaGgAni paribhuJjituM sakkoMti / bhikkhunInaM pana AraJJikaGgaM khalupacchAbhattikaGgaM ca dve pi sikkhApadeneva paTikkhittAni; abbhokAsikaGga, rukkhamUlikaGgaM, sosAnikaGgaM ti imAni tINi punaH inameM do aGga cIvarasambandhI pA~ca piNDapAtasambandhI pA~ca zayanAsanasambandhI, eka vIryasambandhI - isa prakAra cAra hI hote haiN| unameM naiSadiyakAGga vIryasambandhI hai, anya spaSTa haiN| phira nizraya ke anusAra ye sabhI do aGgoM meM antarbhUta ho jAte haiM, jaise-pratyayasannizrita bAraha evaM vIryasannizrita eka / sevanIya evaM asevanIya ke anusAra bhI do hI hote haiN| dhutAGga kA pAlana karate hue jisakA karmasthAna bar3hatA hai, usake liye sevanIya haiN| jisakA karmasthAna dhutAGga kA pAlana karate hue ghaTatA hai, usake liye asevanIya haiN| kintu jisakA karmasthAna pAlana karate hue yA pAlana na karate hue bhI bar3hatA hI hai ghaTatA nahIM hai, usake liye bhI AgAmI paramparA (pIr3hI) ke prati anukampA karate hue sevanIya haiN| aura jisakA ki pAlana karate hue bhI, na pAlana karate hue bhI nahIM bar3hatA hai, usake liye bhI bhaviSya ke liye, abhyAsa DAlane ke uddezya se, sevanIya haiN| * isa prakAra sevanIya - asevanIya bheda se, do prakAra ke hone para bhI, ve sabhI cetanA ke anusAra eka prakAra ke hote haiM; kyoMki dhutAGga ko grahaNa karane kI cetanA eka hI hai| aTThakathA meM bhI kahA gayA hai-"jo cetanA hai use hI dhutAGga kahA jAtA hai|" 80. phira vistAra se - bhikSuoM ke liye teraha bhikSuNiyoM ke liye ATha, zrAmaNeriyoM ke liye sAta, upAsaka - upAsikAoM ke liye do-yoM bayAlIsa (42) hote haiN| yadi khule AkAza ke nIce, AraNyakAGgasampanna (= araNya kI vizeSatAoM se yukta) zmazAna ho, to (vahA~ eka bhI bhikSu eka hI sAtha sabhI dhutAGgoM kA paribhoga kara sakatA hai| bhikSuNiyoM ke liye to AraNyakAGga evaM khalupazcAdbhaktikAGga- ye donoM zikSApada ke dvArA hI niSiddha kara diye gaye haiM / AbhyavakAzikAGga, vRkSamUlikAGga, zmAzAnikAGga-ina tInoM kA pAlana kaThina hai| bhikSuNI ko kisI sahAyikA ke vinA nahIM rahanA caahiye| evaM isa prakAra ke sthAna me samAna icchA vAlI sahAyikA durlabha

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116 visuddhimaga dupprihaaraani| bhikkhuniyA hi dutiyikaM vinA vasituM na vttttti| evarUpe ca ThAne samAnacchandA dutiyikA dullbhaa| sace pi labheyya saMsaTThavihArato na mucceyy| evaM sati yassatthAya dhutaGgaM seveyya, svevassA attho na smpjjeyy| evaM paribhuJjituM asakuNeyyatAya paJca hApetvA bhikkhunInaM advaiva hontI ti veditbbaani| yaghAvuttesu pana ThapetvA tecIvarikaGge sesAni dvAdasa sAmaNerAnaM, satta sikkhamAnasAmaNerIne veditbbaani| upAsakaupAsikAnaM pana ekAsanikaGgaM, pattapiNDikaGgaM ti imAni dve patirUpAni ceva sakkA ca paribhuJjituM ti dve dhutaGgAnI ti evaM vyAsato dvecattAlIsa hontI ti|| ___ ayaM samAsa-vyAsato vnnnnnaa|| ettAvatA ca "sIle patiTThAya naro sapao" ti imassA gAthAya sIlasamAdhipaJAmukhena desite visuddhimagge yehi appicchatAsantuTThitAdIhi guNehi vuttappakArassa sIlassa vodAnaM hoti, tesaM sampAdanatthaM samAdAtabbadhutaGgakathA bhAsitA hoti|| iti sAdhujanapAmojatthAya kate visuddhimagge dhutaGganideso nAma dutiyo pricchedo|| hotI hai| yadi prApta bhI ho jAya to saMsarga-vihAra se mukti nahIM mila sktii| phira dhutAGga kA pAlana kaise hogA! aisA hone para, jisa uddezya se dhutAGga kA pAlana karanA hai, usa uddezya kI pUrti hI nahIM ho sakegI! yoM, pAlana asambhava hone se bhikSuNiyoM ke liye pA~ca (dhutAGgoM) ko kama karake, ATha hI dhutAGga hote haiM-aisA jAnanA caahiye| pUrvokta (teraha) meM se traicIvarikAGga ko chor3akara zeSa bAraha zramaNoM ke liye, sAta zikSamANA aura zrAmaNeriyoM ke liye samajhanA cAhiye / aikAsanikAGga evaM pAtrapiNDikAGga upAsaka-upAsikAoM ke anurUpa hai evaM ve unake pAlana meM samartha bhI haiN| isaliye unake liye do dhutAGga hI kahe gaye haiN| isa prakAra vistAra se (ye saba) bayAlIsa hote haiN| yaha saMkSepa evaM vistAra se dhutAGgoM kA varNana huaa|| yahA~ taka, "sIle patidvAya naro sapao" isa gAthA ke anusAra, zIla, samAdhi aura prajJA ke anusAra upadiSTa vizuddhimArga meM ukta prakAra ke zIla kI jina alpecchatA, santoSa Adi guNoM se zuddhi hotI hai, una (guNoM) kI pUrti ke liye grahaNa karane yogya dhutAGgoM kA paricaya karA diyA gayA hai|| sAdhujanoM ke pramoda hetu racita isa vizuddhimArga (grantha ) meM dhatAmanirdeza nAmaka dvitIya pariccheda smaapt| roll

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kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddeso (tatiyo paricchedo) samAdhikathA 1. idAni yasmA evaM dhutaGgapariharaNasampAditehi appicchatAdIhi guNehi pariyodAte imasmi sIle patiTThitena "sIle patiTThAya naro sapaJo cittaM paJjaca bhAvayaM" ti vacanato cittasIsena niddiTTho samAdhi bhaavetbbo| so ca ati sopadesitattA viJAtuM pi tAva na sukaro, pageva bhAvetuM ,tasmA vitthAraM ca bhAvanAnayaM ca dassetuM idaM pahAkammaM hoti ko samAdhi? kenaTena samAdhi ? kAnassa lakkhaNarasapaccupaTThAnapadachAnAni? katividho samAdhi? ko cassa saGkileso? kiM vodAnaM? kathaM bhAvetabbo? samAdhibhAvanAya ko AnisaMso ti? samAdhisarUpaM 2. tatridaM visajjanaM ko samAdhI ti? samAdhi bahuvidho naanppkaarko| taM sabbaM vibhAvayituM ArabbhamAnaM vissajanaM adhippetaM ceva atthaM na sAdheyya, uttari ca vikhepAya saMvatteyya, tasmAidhAdhippetameva sandhAya vadAma-kusalacittekaggatA samAdhi / karmasthAnagrahaNanirdeza (tRtIya pariccheda) samAdhinirUpaNa 1. aba kyoMki isa prakAra dhutAGga dhAraNa karane se pUrNa hone vAle alpecchatA Adi guNoM se parizuddha isa zIla meM pratiSThita bhikSu ko "sIle patiTThAya...cittaM paJjaca bhAvayaM" isa dezanA-vacana meM 'citta' zIrSaka se nirdiSTa samAdhi kI bhAvanA karanA cAhiye; isa samAdhi kA atisaMkSepa meM varNana karane se pahale to use jAnanA hI sarala nahIM, phira usakI bhAvanA karanA to aura bhI kaThina hai; ataH usakI vistAra se vyAkhyA evaM bhAvanA-vidhi pradarzita karane ke liye ye prazna kiye jAte haiM (1) samAdhi kA svarUpa kyA hai? (2) kisa artha meM samAdhi hai? (3) isake lakSaNa, rasa, pratyupasthAna evaM padasthAna kyA haiM? (4) samAdhi ke kitane prakAra bheda haiM? (5) isakA saMkleza (cittamala) kyA hai? (6) vyavadAna (zuddhi) kyA hai? (7) isakI bhAvanA kaise karanI cAhiye? (8) isa kI bhAvanA kA mAhAtmya kyA hai? 2. ina uparyukta praznoM ke uttara kramazaH ye haiM(1) samAdhi kA svarUpa samAdhi kyA hai? zAstra meM samAdhi bahuvidha evaM nAnA prakAra kI batAyI gayI hai| yadi kisI eka uttara ke dvArA una saba kI vyAkhyA kA prayAsa kareM to aisA uttara na to vaktA ke abhiprAya ko aura na hI kisI artha (uddezya) ko siddha kara pAyagA, apitu vaha Age bhrama (vikSepa) kA bhI kAraNa ho sakatA hai; ataH yahA~ kevala abhipreta prazna ke viSaya meM hI kahate haiM ki "kuzala citta kI ekAgratA hI samAdhi hai"|

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visuddhimaga kenaTena samAdhi? 3. kenaTena samAdhI ti? samAdhAnatuna smaadhi| kimidaM samAdhAnaM nAma? ekArammaNe cittacetasikAnaM samaM sammA ca AdhAnaM, ThapanaM ti vuttaM hati / tasmA yassa dhammassAnubhAvena ekArammaNe cittacetasikA samaM sammA ca avikkhipamAnA avippakiNNA ca hutvA tiTThanti, idaM 'samAdhAnaM' ti veditabbaM / samAdhissa lakkhaNAdIni 4. kAnassa lakkhaNarasapaccupaTThAnapadavAnAnI ti? ettha pana avikkhepalakkhaNo samAdhi, vikkhepaviddhaMsanaraso, avikmpnpccuptttthaano| "sukhino cittaM samAdhiyatI" (dI0 ni0 1-65) ti vacanato pana sukhamassa padaTThAnaM / samAdhibhedA 5. katividho samAdhI ti? avikkhepalakkhaNena tAva ekvidho|| upacAra-appanAvasena duvidho, tathA lokiya-lokuttaravasena sappItikanippItikavasena sukhasahagata-upekkhAsahagatavasena c| tividho hInamajjhimapaNItavasena, tathA savitakkasavicArAdivasena, pItisahagatAdivasena, parittamahaggatappamANavasena c| catubbidho dukkhApaTipadAdandhabhijJAdivasena, tathA parittaparittArammaNAdivasena, catujhAnaGgavasena, hAnabhAgiyAdivasena, kAmAvacarAdivasena, adhipativasena c| (2) kisa artha meM samAdhi zabda kA prayoga hai? 3. kisa artha meM samAdhi hai? arthAt samAdhi kA artha kyA hai? samAdhAna ke artha meM 'samAdhi' zabda kA prayoga hai| yaha samAdhAna kyA hai? eka Alambana meM citta-caitasikoM kA eka samAna evaM samyak rUpa se AdhAna (=TikAnA) karanA hI samAdhAna kahA gayA hai| isaliye jisa dharma ke kAraNa (=AnubhAva se bala se, kAraNa se) eka Alambana meM citta-caitasika eka samAna evaM samyak rUpa se vikSeparahita evaM aviprakIrNa (=ekajuTa) hokara rahate haiM, use 'samAdhAna' samajhanA caahiye| (3) samAdhi ke lakSaNa Adi 4 isake lakSaNa, rasa, pratyupasthAna, padasthAna kyA hai? samAdhi kA lakSaNa hai avikSepa (=citta kA dhyeya viSaya se na httnaa)| isakA rasa (=kArya) hai vikSepa kA vidhvasa (=vinAza) krnaa| aura kampana rahita honA pratyupasthAna hai| (dhyeya viSaya ke prati citta-caitasiko ke, nirvAtasthita dIpazikhAvat, kampanarahita vartana ke rUpa meM samAdhi ko samajhanA caahiye|) "sukhI kA citta samAdhistha hotA hai"-isa bhagavadvavacana ke anusAra sukha isakA padasthAna (=Asanna kAraNa) hai| (4) samAdhi ke bheda 5 samAdhi ke kitane bheda haiM?- samAdhi ukta avikSepa lakSaNa ke anusAra ekavidha hai| tathA upacAra-arpaNA ke anusAra dvividha hai| evaM laukika lokottara, prItisahita prItirahita, sukhasahagata upekSAsahagata-ina bhedo se bhI dvividha hai| hIna, madhyama, praNIta ke anusAra trividha hai| tathA savitarka savicAra Adi yA prItisahagata Adi eva paritra, mahadgata, apramANa Adi ke anusAra bhI trividha hai| dukhapratipad, dandha abhijJA ( dhuMdhalA yA manda aparokSa jJAna) Adi ke anusAra caturvidha hai|

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 119 paJcavidho paJcakanaye paJcajhAnaGgavasenA ti| samAdhiekakadukAni 6. tattha ekavidhakoTTAso uttAnattho yev| duvidhakoTThAse-channaM anussatiTThAnAnaM, maraNassatiyA, upasamAnussatiyA, AhAra paTikUlasajAya, catudhAtuvavatthAnassA ti imesaM vasena laddhacittekaggatA, yA ca appanAsamAdhInaM pubbabhAge ekaggatA, ayaM upcaarsmaadhi| "paThamassa jhAnassa parikamma paThamassa jhAnassa anantarapaccayena paccayo" (abhi07 : 2-341) ti Adi vacanato pana yA parikammAnantarA ekaggatA, ayaM appanAsamAdhI ti evaM upacArappanAvasena duvidho| dutiyaduke-tIsu bhUmisukusalacittekaggatA lokiyo smaadhi|ariymggsmpyuttaa ekaggatA lokuttaro samAdhI ti evaM lokiya-lokuttaravasena duvidho| tatiyaduke-catukkanaye dvIsu, paJcakanaye tIsujhAnesu ekaggatA sappItiko smaadhi| avasasesu dvIsujhAnesu ekaggatA nippItiko smaadhi| upacArasamAdhi pana siyA sappItikio, siyA nippItiko ti evaM sappItika-nippItikavasena duvidho| __ catutthaduke-catukanaye tIsu, paJcakanaye catUsu jhAnesu ekaggatA sukhasahagato smaadhi| avasesasmi upekkhAsahagato smaadhi| upacArasamAdhi pana siyA sukhasahagato, siyA upekkhAsahagato ti evaM sukhasahagata-upekkhAsahagatavasena duvidho|| tathA paritra, paritrAlambana Adi ke anusAra, cAra dhyAna evaM hAnabhAgIya Adi ke anusAra bhI, kAmAvacarAdi bheda se bhI, tathA adhipati bheda se bhI caturvidha hai| paJcaka naya (=pA~ca dhyAno ko mAnane vAlI vidhi) meM paJca dhyAnAGgoM ke anusAra paJcavidha hai| samAdhi ke ekaka evaM dvika vibhAga 6. unameM, 'ekavidha' samAdhibodhaka varga kA artha spaSTa hI hai| dvividha (samAdhi) varga meM- cha. anusmRti-sthAna, maraNa-smRti, upazamAnusmRti, AhAra meM pratikUlasaMjJA, caturdhAtuvyavasthApana-inake dvArA prApta citta kI ekAgratA evaM arpaNA samAdhi ke pUrva kI ekAgratA upacAra samAdhi hai|"prthm dhyAna kA parikarma (=prArambhika kRtya) prathama dhyAna kA anantarapratyaya (Asanna kAraNa) hone se pratyaya hai"-Adi vacanoM ke anusAra jo parikarma ke anantara Ane vAlI ekAgratA hai, vaha arpaNA samAdhi hai| isa prakAra upacAra evaM arpaNA ke bheda se (samAdhi) dvividha hai| dvitIya dvika meM--kAmAvacara, rUpAvacara evaM arUpAvacara-ina tInoM bhUmiyoM meM kuzala citta kI ekAgratA laukika samAdhi hai| AryamArgasamprayukta ekAgratA lokottara samAdhi hai| isa prakAra laukika evaM lokottara bheda se bhI yaha dvividha hai| tRtIya dvika meM- =cAra dhyAna mAnane vAlI vidhi catuSka naya meM do dhyAnoM meM evaM pA~ca dhyAna mAnane vAlI vidhi paJcaka naya meM tIna meM jo ekAgratA hotI hai vaha prItisahita samAdhi hai| avaziSTa do dhyAnoM meM prApta ekAgratA prItirahita samAdhi hai| upacArasamAdhi prItisahita bhI ho sakatI hai, prItirahita bhii| isa prakAra prItisahita evaM prItirahita bheda se vaha dvividha hai| caturtha dvika meM- catuSka naya meM tIna dhyAnoM meM, evaM paJcaka naya meM cAra dhyAnoM meM jo ekAgratA hotI hai vaha sukhasahagata samAdhi hai| avaziSTa dhyAnoM meM jo ekAgratA hotI hai vaha upekSAsahagata samAdhi hai| upacAra-samAdhi sukhasahagata bhI ho sakatI hai, upekSAsahagata bhii| yoM, samAdhi sukhasahagata evaM upekSAsahagata bheda se bhI dvividha hai|

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120 visuddhimagga samAdhitikAni 7. tikesu - paThamattike paTiladdhamatto hIno, nAtisubhAvito majjhimo, subhAvito sippato paNa to ti evaM hIna - majjhima- paNItavasena tividho / dutiyattike - paThamajjhAnasamAdhi saddhiM upacArasamAdhinA savitakkasavicAro / paJcakanaye dutiyajjhAnasamAdhi avitakkavicAramatto / yo hi vitakkamatte yeva AdInavaM disvA vicAre adisvA kevalaM vitakkappahAnamattaM AkaGkSamAno paThamajjhAnaM atikkamati, so avitakkavicAramattaM samAdhiM paTilabhati / taM sandhAyetaM vRttaM / catukkanaye pana dutiyAdIsu, paJcakanaye tatiyAdIsu tIsu jhAnesu ekaggatA avitakkAvicAro samAdhI ti evaM savitakkasavicArAdivasena tividho / / tatiyattike - catukkanaye Adito dvIsu, paJcakanaye ca tIsu jhAnesu ekaggatA pItisahagato samAdhi / tesveva tatiye ca catutthe ca jhAne ekaggatA sukhasahagato samAdhi / avasAne upekkhAsahagato / upacArasamAdhi pana pItisukhasahagato vA hoti upekkhAsahato vAti evaM pItisahagatAdivasena titridho / catutthattike - upacArabhUmiyaM ekaggatA paritto samAdhi / rUpAvacarArUpAvacarakusale ekaggatA mahaggato samAdhi / ariyamaggasampayuttA ekaggatA appamANo samAdhI ti evaM paritta - mahaggatappamANavasena tividho / samAdhicakkAni 8. catukkesu paThamacatukke - atthi samAdhi dukkhApaTipado dandhAbhiJJo, atitha samAdhi ke trika 7. trikoM meM - prathama trika meM jo samAdhi pratilabdhamAtra hai, parantu abhyasta nahIM hai, vaha hIna hai, jisakA adhika abhyAsa nahIM kiyA gayA hai vaha madhyama hai aura jo pUrNa abhyasta kara lI gayI hai, jise vaza (svAyattatA) meM kara liyA gayA ho, vaha praNIta (uttama) hai| isa prakAra hIna, madhyama evaM uttama bheda se trividha hai / dvitIya trika meM- upacAra samAdhi ke sAtha prathama dhyAna kI samAdhi 'savitarka-savicAra' hai| paJcaka naya meM, dvitIya dhyAna kI samAdhi 'avitarka-vicAramAtra' hai| jo vitarka mAtra meM hI doSa dekhakara evaM vicAra meM doSa na dekhakara vitarka ke prahANa mAtra kI icchA karate hue prathama dhyAna kA atikramaNa karatA Age bar3hatA hai, vaha 'avitarkavicAramAtra samAdhi' kA lAbha karatA hai| usI ke sandarbha meM yaha kahA gayA hai| catuSka naya meM prathama do dhyAnoM evaM paJcaka naya meM prathama tIna dhyAnoM meM prApta ekAgratA 'avitarka - avicAra samAdhi' hai| isa taraha savitarka-savicAra Adi bheda se samAdhi trividha hai / tRtIya trika meM - catuSka naya meM prathama do evaM paJcaka naya meM prathama tIna dhyAnoM meM jo ekAgratA hotI hai vaha 'prItisahagata samAdhi' hai| unhIM tRtIya evaM caturtha dhyAnoM meM ekAgratA ko 'sukhasahagata samAdhi' kahate haiN| zeSa 'upekSAsahagata' hai / upacArasamAdhi 'prItisukhasahagata' yA 'upekSAsahagata' hotI hai / isa prakAra, prItisahagata Adi ke bheda se yaha trividha hai / caturtha trika meM- upacArabhUmi meM ekAgratA 'paritta (= kuzala citta ke kAmAvacara bhAva ke kAraNa parimita) samAdhi' hai| rUpAvacara, arUpAvacara ke kuzala citta kI ekAgratA 'mahadgata (mahAn) samAdhi' hai / AryamArgasamprayukta ekAgratA 'apramANa (= aparimita) samAdhi' hai| isa prakAra, paritta, mahadgata, apramANa ke bheda se bhI yaha samAdhi trividha hai|

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 121 dukkhApaTipado khippAbhijJa, atthi sukhApaTipado dandhAbhijJa, atthi sukhApaTipado khippAbhiJati / tattha paThamasamannAhArato paTThAya yAva tassa tassa jhAnassa upacAraM uppajjati, tAva pavattA samAdhibhAvanA paTipadA ti vuccati / upacArato pana paTThAya yAva appanA, tAva pavattA paJJa abhiJJati vuccati / sA panesA paTipadA ekaccassa dukkhA hoti, nIvaraNAdipaccanIkadhammasamudAcAragahaNatAya kicchA asukhAsevanA ti attho| ekaccassa tadabhAvena sukhA / abhijJApi ekaccassa dandhA hoti mandA asIghappavatti / ekaccassa khippA amandA sIghappavatti / tattha yAni parato sappAyAsappAyAni ca, palibodhupacchedAdIni pubbakiccAni ca, appanAkosallAni ca vaNNayissAma, tesu yo asappAyasevI hoti, tassa dukkhA paTipadA dandhA ca abhijJA hoti / sappAyasevino sukhA paTipadA khippA ca abhijJA / yo pana pubbabhAge asappAyaM sevitvA aparabhAge sappAyasevI hoti, pubbabhAge vA sappAyaM sevitvA aparabhAge asappAyasevI, tassa vomissakatA veditabbA / tathA palibodhupacchedAdikaM pubbakiccaM asampAdetvA bhAvanamanuyuttassa dukkhA paTipadA hoti vipariyAyena sukhA / appanAkosallAni pana asampAdentassa dandhA abhijJA hoti / sampAdentassa khippA | samAdhi-catuSka 8. catuSkoM meM prathama catuSka meM - (1) duHkhapratipad, dandha - abhijJA (manda jJAna) samAdhi hai, (2) duHkhapratipad, kSipra - abhijJA (= zIghratA se pravartita hone vAlA aparokSa jJAna) samAdhi hai, ( : ) sukhapratipad, dandha- abhijJA samAdhi hai, (4) sukhapratipad, kSipra-abhijJA samAdhi hai -yoM isa samAdhi ke cAra bheda ginAye gaye haiM / inameM prathama sacetana pratikriyA se lekara kisI dhyAna kA upacAra ( sthairya) utpanna hone taka jo samAdhi kI bhAvanA hai, use 'pratipad' (yA pratipadA) kahate haiN| evaM upacAra se lekara arpaNA taka pravRtta jo prajJA hotI hai vaha 'abhijJA' kahI jAtI hai| nIvaraNa (= kAmacchanda, vyApAda, styAnamRddha. auddhatya-kau kRtya evaM vicikitsA) Adi viparIta dharmoM ke samudAcAra (= utpanna hone) se evaM unake dvArA citta kA grahaNa kara liye jAne se vaha pratipad kisI-kisI ke liye duHkhada hotI hai, arthAt sukha ke sAtha sevanIya (bhAvanIya) nahIM hotii| kisI ko una nIvaraNa Adi ke abhAva se vahI sukhada hotI hai| abhijJA (= aparokSa jJAna) bhI kisI-kisI ko dhuMdhalI yA manda evaM zIghra pravRtta na hone vAlI hotI hai aura kisI ko kSipra, (tvarita) amanda va zIghra pravRtta hone vAlI hotI hai / Age hama jo anukUla (sappAya) ananukUla (asappAya) kA paribodha (= palibodha - vighnabAdhA) ke upacchedaka prArambhika kRtyoM kA evaM arpaNA - kauzala kA varNana kareMge, unameM jo ananukUla kA sevana karane vAlA hotA hai, use pragati (= pratipad) meM duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai evaM usakA aparokSa jJAna dhu~dhalA (manda) hotA hai, anukUlasevI ko pragati karane meM sukha kA anubhava hotA hai evaM usakA aparokSa jJAna kSipra (jhaTiti) hotA hai| kintu jo pahale ananukUla kA sevana kara bAda meM anukUla kA sevana karane vAlA hotA hai athavA pahale anukUla kA sevana kara bAda meM ananukUla kA sevana karane vAlA hotA hai, usakI pratipad evaM abhijJA ko mizrita prakAra kA jAnanA caahiye| tathA paribodha (= jJAna ke bAdhaka dharma) ke upaccheda Adi pUrva meM hI karaNIya kRtyoM kA sampAdana kiye vinA hI jo bhAvanA meM lagA huA hai, usakI pragati 'dukhada' hotI hai tathA isake viparIta kI 'sukhada' / arpaNA --

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122 visuddhimagga api ca taNhAavijAvasena samathavipassanAdhikAravasena cApi etAsaM pabhedo veditabbo / taNhAbhibhUtassa hi dukkhA paTipadA hoti / anabhibhUtassa sukhaa|avijaabhibhuutss ca dandhA abhiJA hoti / anabhibhUtassa khippaa| yo ca samathe akatAdhikAro, tassa dukkhA paTipadA hoti| katAdhikArassa sukhaa| yo pana vipassanAya akatAdhikAro hoti, tassa dandhA abhijA hoti / katAdhikArassa khippaa| kilesindriyavasena cApi etAsaM pabhedo veditabbo / tibbakilesassa hi mudindriyassa dukkhA paTipadA hoti dandhA ca abhijA, tikkhindriyassa pana khippA abhinyaa| mandakilesassa ca mudindriyassa sukhA paTipadA hoti dandhA ca abhijJA, tikkhindriyassa pana khippA abhiJA ti| iti imAsu paTipadAabhijJAsu yo puggalo dukkhAya paTipadAya dandhAya ca abhijJAya samAdhiM pApuNAti, tassa so samAdhi dukkhApaTipado dandhAbhiJo ti vuccati / esa nayo sesattaye pI ti| evaM dukkhApaTipadA dandhAbhidhAdivasena ctubbidho| dutiyacatukke asthi samAdhi paritto parittArammaNo, atthi paritto appamANArammaNo, asthi appamANo parittArammaNo, atthi appamANo appamANArammaNo ti| tattha yo samAdhi appaguNo uparijhAnassa paccayo bhavituM na sakkoti, ayaM paritto / yo pana aghaDDite ArammaNe pavatto, ayaM prittaarmmnno| yo paguNo subhAvito, uparijhAnassa paccayo bhavituM sakkoti, ayaM appmaanno| yo ca vaDDite ArammaNe pavatto, ayaM appmaannaarmmnno| vuttakauzala kA sampAdana na karane vAle kI abhijJA 'manda' hotI hai aura sampAdana karane vAle kI 'kssipr'| (1) isake atirikta, tRSNA-avidyA ke anusAra evaM zamatha-vipazyanA ke adhikAra ke anusAra bhI inakA vizeSa bheda jAnanA caahiye| tRSNA se abhibhUta kI pragati duHkhada hotI hai, anabhibhUta kI sukhada / avidyA se abhibhUta kI abhijJA manda hotI hai, anabhibhUta kI kSipra / jisane zamatha meM adhikAra (vaza) prApta nahIM kiyA hai, usakI pragati duHkhada hotI hai aura jisane usameM adhikAra prApta kara liyA hai, usakI sukhd| jisane vipazyanA meM adhikAra prApta nahIM kiyA hai, usakI abhijJA manda hotI hai aura adhikAra prApta kI kSipra / (2) kleza evaM indriyoM ke bheda se bhI inakA prabheda jAnanA caahiye| tIvra kleza vAle evaM mRduindriya (=mandabuddhi) pudgala kI pragati duHkhada hotI hai evaM abhijJA manda hotI hai| tIkSNendriya kI abhijJA kSipra hotI hai| mandakleza evaM mRduindriya kI pragati sukhada evaM abhijJA manda hotI hai, kintu tIkSNendriya kI abhijJA kSipra hotI hai| (3) yoM, ina pragatiyoM evaM abhijJAoM meM jo pudgala duHkhada pragati evaM manda abhijJA ke sAtha samAdhi prApta karatA hai, usakI vaha samAdhi duHkha-pratipad, dandha-abhijJA vAlI kahI jAtI hai| yahI vidhi zeSa tInoM meM bhI hai| isa taraha yaha duHkha pratipad dandha-abhijJA ke bheda se caturvidha hai| (4) dvitIya catuSka meM- samAdhi ke cAra bheda haiN| 1. paritra paritrAlambana, 2. paritra apramANAlambana, 3. apramANa paritrAlambana evaM 4. apramANa apramANAlambana / inameM, jo samAdhi alpaguNa arthAt svalpa mAtrA meM bhAvita hone se evaM uccastarIya dhyAna kA kAraNa banane meM asamartha hai vaha paritta (=parimita, sImita) hai| aura jo samAdhi avardhita (=na bar3hane vAle) Alambana meM pravRtta hotI ho, vaha paritAlambana hai| jo praguNa arthAt atimAtrayA saMvardhita hai evaM jisakI samyaka rUpa se bhAvanA kI gayI hai athavA jo

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa lakkhaNavomissatAya pana vomissakanayo veditabbo / evaM paritta-parittArammaNAdivasena catubbio | 123 tatiyacatukke - vikkhambhitanIvaraNAnaM vitakkavicArapItisukhasamAdhInaM vasena paJcaGgikaM paThamaM jJAnaM, tato vUpasantavitakkavicAraM tivaGgikaM dutiyaM, tato virattapItikaM duvaGgakaM tatiyaM, tato pahInasukhaM upekkhAvedanAsahitassa samAdhino vasena duvaGgikaM catutthaM / iti imesaM catunnaM jhAnAnaM aGgabhUtA cattAro samAdhI honti / eva catujhAnaGgavasena catubbidho / catutthacatukka - atthi samAdhi hAnabhAgiyo, atthi ThitibhAgiyo, atthi visesabhAgiyo, atthi nibbedhabhAgiyo / tattha paccanIkasamudAcAravasena hAnabhAgiyatA, tadanudhammatAya satiyA saNThAnavasena ThitibhAgiyatA, uparivisesAdhigamavasena visesabhAgiyatA, nibbidAsahagatasaJJAmanasikArasamudAcAravasena nibbedhabhAgiyatA ca veditabbA / yathAha"paThamassa jhAnassa lAbhi kAmasahagatA saJJAmanasikArA samudAcaranti hAnabhAginI paJJA / tadanudhammatA sati santiTThati ThitibhAginI paJJA / avitakkasahagatA saJJamanasikArA samudAcaranti visesabhAginI paJJA / nibbidAsahagatA saJJAmanasikArA samudAcaranti virAgUpasaMhitA, nibbedhabhAginI paJJA" (abhi0 2 - 392 ) ti / tAya pana paJJAya sampattA samAdhI pi cattAro hontI ti / evaM hAnabhAgiyAdivasena catubbidho / uccastarIya dhyAna kA pratyaya ho sakatI hai, vaha apramANa ( = aparimita hai| jo vardhita Alambana meM pravRtta hai, vaha apramANAlambana hai| ukta lakSaNo se mizrita samAdhi kI vidhi bhI mizrita hI jAnanI caahiye| yoM yaha samAdhi paritta - parittAlambana Adi bheda se caturvidha kahI gayI hai| tRtIya catuSka meM- nIvaraNoM kA damana (= viSkambhana) kara diye jAne ke pazcAt prApta hone vAle vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha evaM ekAgratA - ina pA~ca aGgoM vAle prathama dhyAna kI, tatpazcAt vitarkavicAra ko chor3akara tIna aGgoM vAle dvitIya dhyAna kI, prItirahita do aGgoM vAle tRtIya dhyAna kI, tadantara sukharahita upekSAvedanA evaM ekAgratA- ina do aGgoM vAle caturtha dhyAna kI-yoM ina cAra dhyAnoM kI aGgabhUta samAdhiyA~ bhI cAra prakAra kI hotI haiN| isa prakAra ina cAra dhyAnAGgoM ke anusAra samAdhi bhI caturvidha hai| ; caturtha catuSka meM - eka hAnibhAgIya samAdhi hai, dUsarI sthitibhAgIya, tIsarI vizeSabhAgIya evaM cauthI nirvedhabhAgIya samAdhi hai| inameM 1 hAnabhAgIya (= pratyanIka samudAcAra) se, 2. sthiti -bhAgIyatA usa samAdhi ke anurUpa smRti ke saMsthAna (= ThaharAva ) se tathA 3 vizeSabhAgIyatA uccatara vizeSatA kI prApti evaM 4 nirvedhabhAgIyatA ko nirveda ke sAtha saMjJA evaM manaskAra kI prApti kI yogyatA ke rUpa meM jAnanA caahiye| jaisA ki kahA hai- "prathama dhyAna kA lAbha karane vAle, kAmasahagata arthAt indriyasukha kI icchA se yukta ko jaba saMjJA evaM manaskAra prApta karane kI yogyatA hotI hai, taba prajJA hAnibhAginI hotI hai| jaba usakI samAdhi ke anurUpa smRti banI rahatI hai, taba sthitibhAginI prajJA hotI hai| jaba vitarka se rahita, saMjJA evaM manaskAra ko prApta karane kI yogyatA hotI hai taba vizeSabhAginI prajJA hotI hai aura jaba usakI nirvedayukta vairAgyasahagata saMjJA evaM manaskAra prApta karane kI yogyatA hotI hai taba nirvedhabhAginI prajJA hotI hai|" una (cAra prakAra kI prajJAoM) se yukta samAdhiyA~ bhI cAra hotI haiN| isa prakAra hAnabhAgIya Adi bheda se bhI samAdhi caturvidha hai|

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visuddhimagga paJcamacatukke - kAmAvacaro samAdhi, rUpAvacaro samAdhi, arUpAvacaro samAdhi, apariyApanno samAdhI ti evaM cattAro samAdhI / tattha sabbA pi upacArekaggatA kAmAvacaro samAdhi, tathA rUpAvacarAdikusalacitteggatA itare tayo ti / evaM kAmAvacarAdivasena catubbidho / chaTThacatukke - "chandaM ce bhikkhu adhipatiM karitvA labhati samAdhiM, labhati cittassekaggataM - ayaM vuccati chandasamAdhi / viriyaM ce bhikkhu ....pe..... cittaM ce bhikkhu ..pe..... vImaMsaM ce bhikkhu, adhipatiM karitvA labhati samAdhiM, labhati cittassekaggataayaM vuccati vImaMsAsamAdhI" (abhi0 2 - 264 ) ti / evaM adhipativasena catubbidho / 9. paJcake - yaM catukkabhede vuttaM dutiyaM jhAnaM taM vitakkamattAtikkamena dutiyaM, vitakkavicArAtikkamena tatiyaM ti evaM dvidhA bhinditvA paJca jhAnAni veditabbAni / tesaM aGgabhUtA ca paJca samAdhIti / evaM paJcajhAnaGgavasena paJcavidhatA veditabbA / 124 samAdhisaGkilesavodAnaM 10. ko cassa saGkileso ? kiM vodAnaM ti ? ettha pana vissajjanaM vibhaGge vuttameva / vuttaM hi tattha - " -"saGkilesaM ti hAnabhAgiyo dhammo / vodAnaM ti visesabhAgiyo dhammo " ( abhi0 2 - 406 ) ti / tattha " paThamassa jhAnassa lAbhi kAmasahagatA saJJAmasikArA samudAcaranti hAnabhAginI paJJA" (abhi0 2-392 ) ti iminA nayena hAnabhAgiyadhammo veditabbo / " avitakkasahagatA saJJAmanasikArA samudAcaranti visesabhAginI paJJA" ( abhi0 2 - 392 ) ti iminA nayena visesabhAgiyadhammo veditabbo / paJca catuSka meM - 1. kAmAvacara samAdhi 2. rUpAvacara samAdhi, 3 arUpAvacara samAdhi evaM 4. aparyApanna (=asamAviSTa arthAt mArga -) samAdhi - isa prakAra cAra samAdhiyA~ haiN| inameM, sabhI prakAra kI upacAra ekAgratA kAmAvacarasamAdhi hai| isI prakAra anya tIna kramazaH rUpAvacara, arUpAvacara evaM aparyApanna ke sAtha samprayukta kuzala citta kI ekAgratA haiN| isa prakAra kAmAvara Adi ke anusAra bhI vaha caturvidha hai / SaSTha catuSka meM - " yadi bhikSu chanda (= icchA) ko pramukhatA dekara (= adhipati kara) samAdhi arthAt citta kI ekAgratA kA lAbha karatA hai, to ise 'chandasamAdhi' (chanda ke dvArA prApta samAdhi) kahate haiN| yadi bhikSu vIrya ko..... vIryasamAdhi', yadi bhikSu citta ko... citta samAdhi', yadi bhikSu mImAMsA ( = prajJA) ko pramukhatA dekara samAdhi prApta karatA hai, citta kI ekAgratA kA lAbha karatA hai to ise 'mImAMsA - samAdhi' kahate haiN|" isa prakAra adhipati ke anusAra bhI samAdhi caturvidha hai / samAdhi kA paJcaka 9. samAdhipaJcaka meM- jise catuSka bheda (= catuSka naya) meM dvitIya dhyAna kahA gayA hai, yahA~ use vitarkamAtra ke atikramaNa se dvitIya evaM vitarka vicAra ke atikramaNa se tRtIya - isa prakAra do bheda karake pA~ca dhyAna jAnanA caahiye| unhIM kI aGgabhUta pA~ca samAdhiyA~ haiN| isa prakAra pA~ca dhyAnAmoM ke bheda se samAdhi ko paJcavidha jAnanA cAhiye / samAdhi kA saMkleza aura vyavadAna 10. isakA saMkleza (cittamala) kyA hai? evaM isakA vyavadAna (zuddhi) kyA hai? isakA uttara vibhaGga meM de hI diyA gayA hai| vahA~ kahA gayA hai- "saMkleza hAnibhAgIya dharma haiN| vyavadAna vizeSabhAgIya dharma hai" (abhi0 2 - 392 ) - isa vacana ke sahAre se hAnabhAgIya dharma jAnanA caahiye|" jaba avitarkasahagata

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa dasapalibodhakathA 11. kathaM bhAvetabbati / ettha pana yo tAva ayaM lokiyalokuttaravasena duvidho ti AdIsu ariyamaggasampayutto samAdhi vRtto, tassa bhAvanAnayo paJJAbhAvAnAnayeneva saGgahito / paJJAya hi bhAvitAya so bhAvito hoti / tasmA taM sandhAya evaM bhAtretabbo ti na kiJci visuM vadAma / 125 yo panAyaM lokiyo, so vuttanayena sIlAni visodhetvA suparisuddhe sIle patiTThitena yvAssa dasasu palibodhesu palibodho atthi, taM upacchinditvA kammaTThAnadAyakaM kalyANamittaM upasaGkamitvA attano cariyAnukUlaM cattAlIsAya kammaTThAnesu aJJataraM kammaTThAnaM khuddakapalibodhupacchedaM gatvA samAdhibhAvanAya ananurUpaM vihAraM pahAya anurUpe vihAre viharantena katvA sabbaM bhAvanAvidhAnaM aparihApentena paribodho bhAvetabvo ti ayamettha saGkSepo / 12. ayaM pana vitthaaro| yaM tAva vuttaM - "yvAssa dasasu palibodhesu atthi, taM upacchinditvA" ti, ettha - AvAso ca kulaM lAbho gaNo kammaM ca paJcamaM / addhAnaM jAti AbAdho gantho iddhI ti te dasA ti // ime dasa palibodhA nAma / tattha AvAso yeva AvAsapalibodho / esa nayo kulAdIsu / (= vitarkarahita ke sAtha) saMjJA evaM manaskAra kA samudAcAra hotA hai taba prajJA vizeSabhAginI hotI hai" ( abhi0 2 - 392 ) - isa vacana se vizeSabhAgIya dharma jAnanA cAhiye / dasa palibodha (= paribodha = samAdhi ke bAdhaka) 11. isake bAda, prazna thA - isakI bhAvanA kaise karanI cAhiye? arthAt isakI sAdhanA vidhi kyA hai ? uttara hai - jo "yaha laukika evaM lokottara ke anusAra dvividha hai" Adi (vacanoM) meM AryamArgasamprayukta samAdhi kahI gayI hai, usakI bhAvanA (sAdhanA) karane kI vidhi prajJA kI bhAvanA karane kI vidhi (Age pariccheda 22) meM hI saMgRhIta hai; kyoMki prajJA kI bhAvanA kiye jAne para vaha bhI bhAvita ho jAtI hai| ataH usake sandarbha meM hama "usakI isa prakAra bhAvanA karanI cAhiye " - aisA kucha vizeSa pRthak rUpa se nahIM kahanA caahte| kintu laukika samAdhi kI bhAvanA meM kahI gayI vidhi ke anusAra zIla kA vizodhana kara, suparizuddha zIla meM pratiSThita ho, dasa paribodhoM meM se jo usakA paribodha hai use naSTa kara (samAdhi ke upayukta) karmasthAna batalAne vAle kalyANamitra (= sAdhanAmArga meM sahAyaka, AcArya) ke pAsa jAkara cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM se apane anurUpa karmasthAna kA grahaNa kara, samAdhi bhAvanA ke jo anurUpa na ho aise vihAra ko chor3a anurUpa vihAra meM rahate hue, kSudra (= choTe-choTe ) paribodhoM ko nAza kara evaM bhAvanA karane ke sabhI vidhAnoM kA pAlana karate hue - ( isa prakAra) karanI cAhiye- yaha saMkSepa meM varNana hai| 12. vistAra se varNana isa prakAra hai-jo kahA gayA hai ki "dasa paribodhoM meM se jo usakA paribodha hai usakA upaccheda kara" usameM yahA~ 1 . AvAsa, 2 kula 3 lAbha, 4. gaNa, 5 karma, 6. mArga, 7. jJAti (= sambandhIjana), 8. AbAdha (= roga), 9 grantha evaM 10. Rddhi - ye paribodha hote haiN|

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vizuddhimagga 1 13. tattha AvAso ti / eko pi ovarako vuccati, ekaM pi pariveNaM, sakalo pi saGghArAmo / svAyaM na sabbasseva palibodho hoti / yo panettha navakammAdIsu ussukkaM vA Apajjati, bahubhaNDasannicayo vA hoti, yena kenaci vA kAraNena apekkhavA paTibaddhacitto, tasseva palibodho hoti, na itarassa / 126 tridaM vatthu - dve kira kulaputtA anurAdhapurA nikkhamitvA anupubbena thUpArAme jiMsu / tesu eko mAtikA paguNA katvA paJcavassiko hutvA pavAretvA pAcInakhaNDarAjiM nAma gato / eko tattheva vasati / pAcInakhaNDarAjigato tattha ciraM vasitvA thero hutvA cintesi - " paTisallAnasArUppamidaM ThAnaM, handa naM sahAyakassApi ArocemI" ti / tato nikkhamitvA anupubbena thUpArAmaM pAvisi / pavisantaM yeva ca naM disvA samAnavassika thero paccuggantvA pattacIvaraM paTiggahetvA vattaM akAsi / Agantuka senAsanaM pavisitvA cintesi - " idAni me sahAyo sappiM vA phANitaM vA pAnakaM vA pesessati / ayaM imassi nagare ciranivAsI" ti / so rattiM aladdhA ghAto cintesi - " idAni upaTThAkehi gahitaM yAgukhajjakaM pesessatI" ti / taM pi adisvA "pahiNantA natthi, paviTThassa maJJe dassantI" ti pAto va tena saddhiM gAmaM pAvisi / te dve ekaM vIthiM caritvA uGkamattaM yAguM labhitvA AsanasAlAyaM nisIditvA piviMsu / I . ye hI dasa paribodha haiN| inameM AvAsa (rahane kA sthAna) hI AvAsaparibodha hai| kula Adi meM bhI isI vidhi se kulaparibodha Adi jAnane cAhiyeM / 13. inameM, 'AvAsa' kisI prasaGga meM eka kamare ko bhI, eka pariveNa ( = vihAra meM bhikSuvAsa ke liye banAyA gayA yA ghirA huA sthAna) ko bhI, kabhI kabhI pUre vihAra ko bhI 'AvAsa' kahA jAtA hai| yaha AvAsa sabhI ke liye palibodha nahIM hotaa| jo nirmANa ke naye-naye karmoM Adi ke prati utsuka hotA hai, yA bahuta se sAmAnoM kA saMgraha kiye rahatA hai, yA jisa kisI kAraNa se pratibaddhacitta (= kisI vizeSa laukika kArya ke prati ba~dhe hue mana vAlA) hotA hai, usI ke liye yaha AvAsa paribodha hotA hai, anya ke liye nahIM / vahA~ (= zAstra meM) yaha kathA (AtI) hai-do kulaputra anurAdhapura se nikala kara eka ke bAda eka karake stUpArAma (thUpArAma) meM pravrajita hue| unameM se eka bhikSu do mAtRkAoM (dharmavinaya yA bhikSu - bhikSuNI - prAtimokSa) ko sIkhakara evaM ( variSThatA ke krama meM) pA~ca varSoM kI variSThatA prApta kara pravAraNA (= varSAvAsa ke pazcAt hone vAlI bhikSuoM kI sabhA) meM bhAga lene ke pazcAt khaNDarAji ( anurAdhapura kI pUrva dizA meM parvata-khaNDoM ke bIca vanoM kI paMkti) meM calA gyaa| dUsarA (bhikSu) vahIM raha gyaa| prAcIna khaNDarAji meM gayA huA (bhikSu) bahuta samaya taka vahIM rahate hue sthavira hokara socane lagA - "yaha sthAna ekAntavAsa ke yogya hai| apane sAthI ko bhI btlaauuNgaa|" yo vicAra kara, vahA~ senikala, kramaza: stUpArAma phuNcaa| use praveza karate hue dekhate hI samAna vaya ke usake usI sAthI sthavira ne Age bar3hakara, usake hAtha se pAtra aura cIvara lekara Agantuka atithi kre prati jo bhI karaNIya hotA hai vaha kiyA / Agantuka ne sthavira ke zayanAsana meM praveza kara socA- " aba merA sAthI ghI, rAba yA koI peya bhejagA; kyoMki vaha isa nagara meM bahuta samaya se raha rahA hai|" usane rAtri meM (vaha saba ) na pAkara, prAtaH socA - "isa samaya sevakoM ke hAtha se yavAgU aura (kucha) khAne ke liye bhejegA " / taba bhI use (AtA) na dekhakara usane - " isa samaya lAne vAle (loga) nahIM haiM, sambhavata grAma meM praveza karane para

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127 3. kammahAnaggahaNanidesa . tato Agantuko cintesi-"nibaddhayAgu maje natthi, bhattakAle idAni manussA paNItaM bhattaM dassantI' ti| tato bhattakAle pi piNDAya caritvA laddhameva bhuJjitvA itaro Aha-"kiM, bhante, sabbakAlaM evaM yaapethaa"ti?'aamaavuso'ti| bhante, pAcInakhaNDarAji phAsukA, tattha gacchAmA' ti| thero nagarato dakkhiNadvArena nikkhamanto kumbhakAragAmamaggaM paTipajji / itaro Aha-"kiM pana, bhante, imaM maggaM paTipannatthA" ti? "nanu tvaM, Avuso, pAcInakhaNDarAjiyA vaNNaM abhAsI" ti?"kiM pana, bhante, tumhAkaM ettakaM kAlaM vasitaTThAne na koci atirekaparikkhAro atthI" ti?"AmAvuso, maJcapIThaM saGgikaM, taM paTisAmitameva, anaMkiJci ntthii"ti|"myhN pana, bhante, kattadaNDo telanALiupAhanatthavikA ca tatthevA" ti| "tayA, Avuso, ekadivasaM vasitvA ettakaM ThapitaM" ti? "Ama, bhnte|" so pasannacitto theraM vanditvA "tumhAdisAnaM, bhante, sabbattha araJavAso yev| thUpArAmo catunnaM buddhAnaM dhAtunidhAnaTThAna, lohapAsAde sappAyaM dhammassavanaM mahAcetiyadassanaM theradassanaM ca labhati, buddhakAlo viya pvttti| idheva tumhe vasathA" ti| dutiyadivase pattacIvaraM gahetvA sayameva agamAsI ti| Idisassa AvAso na palibodho hoti| (1) kulaM ti| jAtikulaM vA, upaTThAkakulaM vaa| ekaccassa hi upaTThAkakulaM pi"sukhitesu sukhito" (abhi0 2-425) ti AdinA nayena saMsaTThassa viharato palibodho hoti, so deMge"- aisA socakara sabere hI usane sAthI ke sAtha grAma meM praveza kiyaa| una donoM ne eka galI meM cArikA karate hue eka karachula yavAgU pAkara use AsanazAlA meM baiThakara pI liyaa| taba Agantuka bhikSu ne socA-"sambhavataH yavAgU Adi kI ba~dhI bhikSA kA pracalana yahA~ nahIM hai, aba (dopahara ke) bhojana samaya loga sambhavataH uttama bhAta deN|" phira bhojana ke samaya bhI bhikSATana karate hae jo bhI milA usI ko khAkara Agantaka bhikSa ne kahA-"bhante, kyA Apa hara samaya aise hI kAma calAte haiM?" "hA~, AyuSman!" "bhante, prAcIna khaNDarAji sukhadAyaka (sthAna) hai, vahIM cleNge|" sthavira ne nagara ke dakSiNa dvAra se nikalate samaya kumbhakAra grAma jAne vAlA rAstA pakar3A (jo ki prAcIna khaNDarAji kI ora jAtA thaa)| dUsare ne kahA-"bhante, Apane yaha rAstA kyoM pakar3a liyA?" "AyuSman! kyA tumane prAcIna khaNDarAji kI prazaMsA nahIM kI thI?" "kintu bhante, Apa itane samaya se jahA~ raha rahe haiM, vahA~ kyA koI bhI vastu saGgha kI sampatti ke atirikta nahIM hai, jise liye vinA hI cala par3e?" "hA~, AyuSman! caukI-cArapAI saGgha kI hai, unheM to saGghako sauMpa hI cukA hU~ aura kucha nahIM hai|" "kintu bhante, merI lAThI, tela rakhane kI phoMphI aura jUtA rakhane kA thailA vahIM hai|" "AyuSman! tumane eka dina rukane para hI itanA kucha ikaTThA kara liyA?" "hA~, bhante!" . __ apanI bhUla samajha.kara, usane prasanna mana se sthavira ko praNAma kara kahA-"bhante, Apa jaisoM ke liye to sarvatra jagala meM rahane ke hI samAna hai| stUpArAma cAroM buddhoM (=isa bhadrakalpa ke cAra buddha-krakusandha, koNAgamana, kazyapa evaM gautama) kI dhAtu ke nidhAna (rakhane) kA sthAna hai| lauhaprasAda (anarAdhapara meM eka bhikSa-AvAsa) meM dharma kA anakala zravaNa, mahAcaitya (anarAdhapara kA suvarNamAlI caitya) aura sthaviroM kA darzanalAbha hotA hai| jisa kAla meM buddha jIvita the usa kAla ke samAna yahA~ kA jIvana hai| Apa yahIM rheN|" isa prakAra kahakara dUsare dina usane apanA pAtra aura cIvara lekara akele hI prasthAna kiyaa| isa prakAra ke bhikSu ke liye AvAsaparibodha nahIM hotaa|| (1) kula- jJAti-kula yA sevk-kul| kisI-kisI ke liye sevakakula (sevakoM kA kula) bhI "sukhI hone para sukhI" (abhi0 2-425) Adi vacana ke anusAra saMsargavihAra (=eka sAtha

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128 visuddhimagga kulamAnusakehi vinA dhammassavanAya sAmantavihAraM pi na gcchti| ekaccassa mAtApitaro pi palibodhA na honti, koraNDakavihAravAsittherassa bhAgineyyadaharabhikkhuno viy| so kira uddesatthaM rohaNaM agmaasi| therabhaginI pi upAsikA sadA theraM tassa pavattiM pucchti| thero ekadivasaM 'daharaM AnessAmI' ti rohaNAbhimukho paayaasi|| daharo pi "ciraM me idha vutthaM, upajjhAyaM dAti passitvA upAsikAya ca pavattiM batvA AgamissAmI" ti rohaNato nikkhmi| te ubho pi gaGgAtIre smaagcchiNsu| so ajJatarasmi rukkhamUle therassa vattaM katvA "kuhiM yAsI" ti pucchito tamatthaM aarocesi| thero "suTTha te kataM, upAsikA pi sadA pucchati, ahaM pi etadatthameva Agato, gaccha tvaM, ahaM pana idheva imaM vassaM vasissAmI" ti taM uyyojesi| so vassUpanAyikadivase yeva taM vihAraM ptto| senAsanaM pissa pitarA kAritameva pttN|| athassa pitA dutiyadivase AgantvA "kassa, bhante, amhAkaM senAsanaM pattaM" ti pucchanto "Agantukassa daharassA" taM sutvA taM upasaGkamitvA vanditvA Aha-"bhante, amhAkaM senAsane vassaM upagatassa vattaM atthI" ti| "kiM, upAsakA" ti? "temAsaM amhAkaM yeva ghare bhikkhaM gahetvA pavAretvA gamanakAle ApucchitabbaM" ti / so tuNhibhAvena adhivAsesi / upAsako pi gharaM gantvA "amhAkaM AvAse eko Agantuko ayyo upagato sakaccaM upaTThAtabbo" ti Aha / upAsikA "sAdhU" ti sampaTicchitvA paNItaM khAdanIyaM bhojanIyaM pttiyaadesi| daharo pi bhattakAle AtigharaM agmaasi| na naM koci snyjaani| rahane) ke kAraNa palibodha hotA hai| vaha kula ke logoM ke vinA dharmazramavaNa ke liye samIpavartI vihAra meM bhI nahIM jA paataa| kisI kisI ke liye mAtA-pitA bhI paribodha nahIM hote, koraNDakavihAravAsI sthavira ke bhaginIpatra taruNa bhikSu ke smaan|| kahate haiM ki vaha taruNa bhikSu adhyayana (uddesa) ke liye rohaNa (dakSiNI laGkA kA eka janapada) gayA / sthavira kI bahana upAsikA thI vaha sthavira se usa (apane putra) kA kuzala-samAcAra sarvadA pUchatI thii| eka dina sthavira ne 'taruNa ko le AU~' socakara rohaNa kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| - taruNa bhI "yahA~ rahate hue bahuta dina ho gaye, aba upAdhyAya kA darzana kara aura upAsikA (apanI mA~) kA kuzala-samAcAra lekara lauTUMgA" (aisA socakara) rohaNa se nikalA / ve donoM hI gaGgA ke kinAre mila gye| usa taruNa bhikSu ne eka per3a ke nIce karaNIya kRtya karake "kahA~ jA rahe ho?" isa taraha pUche jAne para use apanA uddezya batalAyA / sthavira ne-"tumane acchA kiyA, upAsikA bhI sadA pUchatI rahatI hai| maiM bhI tumheM hI lene AyA huuN| tuma jAo, maiM isa bAra yahI varSAvAsa karU~gA" aisA kahakara use vidA kara diyaa| vaha taruNa bhikSu bhI, jisa dina se varSAvAsa kA Arambha hone vAlA thA, ThIka usI dina vihAra phuNcaa| saMyogavaza usane zayanAsana bhI vahI prApta kiyA jo usake pitA ne banavAyA thaa| tatpazcAta dUsare dina usake pitA ne vihAra meM Akara pachA-"bhante. merA zayanAsana kise milA hai?" "Agantuka taruNa ko|" yaha sunakara usake pAsa jAkara vandanA kI aura kahA-"bhante, varSAvAsa ke liye mere zayanAsana ko prApta karane vAle ke liye eka vrata hai|" "vaha kyA, upAsaka?" "tIna mahone mere hI ghara para bhikSA grahaNa kara pravAraNA ke bAda apane prasthAna kA samaya sacita karanA hotA hai|" usane mauna rahakara svIkAra kara liyaa| upAsaka ne bhI ghara jAkara kahA-"hamAre ghara para eka Arya Ane vAle haiM, unakA acchI taraha satkAra karanA cAhiye' / upAsikA ne "bahuta acchA"

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129 3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa so temAsaM pi tattha piNDapAtaM paribhuJjitvA vassaMvuttho "ahaM gacchAmI"ti aapucchi| athassa AtakA "sve, bhante, gacchathA" ti dutiyadivase ghare yeva bhojetvA telanALiM pUretvA ekaM guLapiNDaM navahatthaM ca sATakaM datvA "gacchatha, bhante" ti AhaMsu / so anumodanaM katvA rohaNAbhimukho paayaasi| upajjhAyo pissa pavAretvA paTipathaM Agacchanto pubbe diTThaTThAne yeva taM addasa / so aJatarasmi rukkhamUle therassa vattaM akaasi|ath naM thero pucchi-"kiM, bhaddamukha, diTThA te upAsikA" ti? so "Ama, bhante" ti sabbaM pavattiM ArocetvA tena telana therassa pAde makkhetvA guLena pAnakaM katvA taM pi sATakaM therasseva datvA theraM vanditvA "mahaM, bhante, rohaNaM yeva sappAyaM" ti agmaasi| thero pi vihAraM AgantvA dutiyadivase koraNDakagAmaM paavisi| upAsikA pi "mayhaM bhAtA mama puttaM gahetvA idAni AgacchatI" ti sadA maggaM olokayamAnA va tidvati / sA taM ekameva AgacchantaM disvA"mato me maz2e putto, ayaM thero ekako va AgacchatI" ti therassa pAdamUle nipatitvA paridevamAnA rodi| thero"nUnaM daharo appicchatAya attAnaM ajAnApetvA va gato" ti taM samassAsetvA sabbaM pavattiM ArocetvA pattatthavikato taM sATakaM nIharitvA dssesi| upAsikA pasIditvA puttena gatadisAbhimukhA urena nipajjitvA namassamAnA Ahakahakara svIkAra kiyA evaM acche acche khAdya, bhojya banAye / taruNa bhI bhojana ke samaya apane sambandhiyoM ke ghara phuNcaa| kintu use kisI ne pahacAnA nhiiN| usane tIna mahIne taka vahIM bhojana karate hue varSAkAla pUrNakara, "maiM jA rahA hU~"- isa prakAra sUcita kiyA / taba usake sambandhiyoM ne "bhante, kala jAiyegA" aisA (kahakara) dUsare dina ghara para hI bhojana karA, tela kI phoMphI (coMgI-telanAr3I bhara) kara, eka gur3a kA piNDa aura nau hAtha vastra dekara "jAveM, bhante" kahA / usane AzIrvAda dekara (=anumodana kara) rohaNa ke liye prasthAna kiyaa| usake upAdhyAya ne bhI pravAraNA ke bAda lauTakara Ate samaya pahale vAle sthAna para hI use dekhaa| usane eka per3a ke nIce sthavira ke prati karaNIya kRtya kiyaa| taba sthavira ne usase pUchA"sumukha, kyA tumane upAsikA ko dekhA?" usane "hA~, bhante"-aisA kahakara saba samAcAra sunAkara usa tela se jo use milA thA sthavira ke pairoM ko malakara, gur3a ke sAtha pAnI pilAkara, vaha vastra bhI sthavira ko hI dekara "bhante, mere liye rohaNa hI anukUla hai" aisA kahakara calA gyaa| sthavira ne bhI vihAra me pahu~cakara dUsare dina koraNDakagrAma meM praveza kiyaa| upAsikA bhI yaha socakara ki "merA bhAI mere putra ko lekara aba AtA hI hogA" sadA rAstA dekhatI rahatI thii| vaha use ekAkI Ate dekhakara "sambhavataH merA putra mara gayA hai, kyoMki ye sthavira ekAkI hI A rahe haiM" aisA (socakara) sthavira ke caraNo para gira kara vilApa karane lgii| sthavira ne "nizcaya hI taruNa alpecchatA ke kAraNa, svayaM kA paricaya diye binA hI, calA gayA"aisA socakara use sAntvanA dI evaM saba vRttAnta sunAkara, usakI alpecchatA ke pramANa ke rUpa meM vaha vastra thaile se nikAla kara dikhlaayaa| upAsikA ne prasanna hokara, jisa dizA kI ora usakA putra gayA thA usa dizA meM sASTAGga praNAma kara kahA-"pratIta hotA hai ki mere putra ke samAna kisI bhikSu ko hI jItA-jAgatA udAharaNa

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130 vizuddhimagga " mayhaM puttasadisaM vata maJje kAyasakkhi katvA bhagavA rathavinItapaTipadaM (ma0 1 - 192), nAlakapaTipadaM (khu01-377), tuvaTTakapaTipadaM (khu0 1 - 410) catupaccayasantosabhAvanArAmatAdIpakaM mahAariyavaMsapaTipadaM (aM0 2 - 30) ca desesi| vijAtamAtuyA nAma gehe temAsaM bhuJjamAno pi' ahaM putto tvaM mAtA' ti na vakkhati, aho acchariyamanusso" ti / evarUpassa mAtApitaro pi palibodhA na honti; pageva aJyaM upaTThAkaMkulaM ti / (2) lAbho ti / cattAro paccayA / te kathaM palibodhA honti ? puJJavantassa hi bhikkhuno gatagataTThAne manussA mahAparivAre paccaye denti / so tesaM anumodanto dhammaM desento samaNadhammaM kAtuM okAsaM na labhati / aruNuggamanato yAva paThamayAmo, tAva manussasaMsaggo na upacchijjati / puna balavapaccUse yeva bAhullikapiNDapAtikA AgantvA " bhante, asuko upAsako upAsikA amacco amaccadhItA tumhAkaM dassanakAmA" ti vdnti| so 'gaNha, Avuso, pattacIvaraM ' ti gamanasajja va hotI ti niccbyaavtto| tasseva te paccayA palibodhA honti / tena gaNaM pahAya yattha naM na jAnanti, tattha ekakena caritabbaM / evaM so palibodho upacchijjatI ti / (3) gaNoti / tantikagaNo vA AbhidhammikagaNo vA / yo tassa uddesaM vA paripucchaM vA dento samaNadhammassa okAsaM na labhati, tasseva gaNo palibodho hoti, tena so evaM upacchinditabbo - sace tesaM bhikkhUnaM bahU gahitaM hoti, appaM avasiddhaM taM niTTatvA arajJa pavisitabbaM / sace appaM gahitaM, bahu avasiTTha, yojanato paraM agantvA antoyojanaparicchede aJJa gaNavAcakaM upasaGkamitvA" ime AyasmA uddesAdIhi saGgahatU" ti vattabbaM / mAnakara bhagavAn ne 'rathavinItapratipad', 'nAlaka pratipad', 'tuvaTTakapratipad', 'catuSpratyayasantoSabhAvanArAmatA - dIpaka mahAariyavaMzapratipad kA upadeza diyA thaa| tabhI to janma dene vAlI mAtA ke ghara tIna mahIne bhojana karate hue bhI " maiM putra hU~, tuma mAtA ho' aisA nahIM khaa| ahA ! adbhuta vyakti hai!' isa jaise ke liye mAtA pitA bhI paribodha nahIM hote| phira anya kisI sevakakula kI to bAta hI kyA ! (2) lAbha - cIvara Adi cAra pratyayoM kA lAbha / ve kisa prakAra paribodha hote haiM? puNyavAn bhikSu jahA~-jahA~ jAtA hai, loga vahA~ use bahuta se pratyaya ( = bhojana Adi) dete haiN| usake pAsa unako AzIrvAda va dharmadezanA karate hue, zramaNa-dharma kA pAlana karane ke liye samaya nahIM baca pAtA / sUryodaya se rAtri ke prathama prahara taka use logoM se bAtacIta karane se hI avakAza nahIM miltaa| phira dUsare dina bhI prAtaH se hI dhana-sampatti ke lobhI piNDapAtika (= bhikSA ke icchuka) bhikSu Akara, ' "bhante! amuka upAsaka, upAsikA, amAtya yA amAtya kI putrI Apake darzana ke icchuka haiM" - isa prakAra kahate haiN| * vaha " AyuSman ! pAtra cIvara uThAo" kahakara jAne ke liye udyata hotA hai| isa prakAra sadA vyagra banA rahatA hai / usI ke liye ve pratyaya 'paribodha' hote haiN| ataH use dUsaroM (gaNa) ko chor3akara jahA~ use loga na jAnate hoM vahA~ akele hI vicaraNa karanA caahiye| isa prakAra vaha lAbha-paribodha naSTa hotA hai| (3) gaNa-sautrAntika gaNa ( = sUtrapiTaka ke adhyetA chAtroM kA samUha) ho yA Abhidharmika gaNa jo use par3hAte hue yA praznoM kA uttara dete hue zramaNa dharma ke liye avakAza nahIM pAtA, usI ke liye yaha gaNa-paribodha hotA hai| ataH usa paribodha ko yoM naSTa karanA cAhiye-yadi una bhikSuoM ne adhika bhAga sIkha liyA ho aura kucha hI avaziSTa ho to use pUrNa kara jaGgala meM cale jAnA cAhiye / yadi kucha hI sIkhA ho, adhikatama zeSa rahA ho to eka yojana se adhika dUra na jAkara eka yojana ke bhItara

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNanihesa 131 evaM alabhamAnena "mayhaM, Avuso, ekaM kiccaM asthi, tumhe yathAphAsukaTThAnAni gacchathA" ti gaNaM pahAya attano kammaM kattabbaM ti| (4) kammaM ti navakammaM / taM karontena vaDDakIAdIhi laddhAladdhaM jAnitabbaM, katAkate ussukaM ApajitabbaM ti sabbadA palibodho hoti / so pi evaM upacchinditabbo-sace appaM avasiTuM hoti niTThapetabbaM / sace bahuM saGghikaM ce navakammaM, saGghassa vA saGghabhArahArakabhikkhUna vA niyyAdetabbaM / attano santakaM ca, attano bhArahArakAnaM niyyAdetabbaM / tAdise alabhante saGghassa pariccajitvA gantabbaM ti| (5) addhAnaM ti maggagamanaM / yassa hi katthaci pabbajjApekkho vA hoti, paccayajAtaM vA kiJci laddhabbaM hoti|scetN alabhanto na sakkoti adhivAsetuM, aranaM pavisitvA samaNadhamma karontassa pi gamikacittaM nAma duppaTivinodanIyaM hoti, tasmA gantvA taM kicca tIretvA va samaNadhamme ussukaM kAtabbaM ti| (6) ___JAtI ti vihAre AcariyupajjhAyasaddhivihArikaantevAsikasamAnupajjhAyakasamAnAcariyakA, ghare mAtA pitA bhAtA ti evmaadikaa| te gilAnA imassa palibodhA honti, tasmA so palibodho upaTThahitvA tesaM pAkatikakaraNena upcchinditbbo| * tattha upajjhAyo tAva gilAno sace lahuM na vuTThAti, yAvajIvaM pi pttijggitbbo| hI rahane vAle kisI dUsare gaNavAcaka (=kakSAdhyApaka) ke pAsa jAkara, "AyuSman! adhyApana Adi ke dvArA inakI sahAyatA kareM"-yoM kahanA caahiye| isa prakAra kA gaNavAcaka na mile to chAtroM ko "AyuSmAno! mujhe eka kArya karanA hai, tuma logoM ko jahA~ adhyayana Adi kI suvidhA ho, vahA~ jAo" kahakara gaNa ko chor3a apane zramaNa-dharma ke pAlana meM laga jAnA cAhiye / / (4) karma- (nirmANa kaary)| usa (nirmANa Adi karma) ko karane vAle ke liye yaha jAnanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai ki bar3haI Adi ko kyA (sAmagrI) prApta hai, kyA nahIM? kyA kiyA gayA hai, kyA nahIM?-isa viSaya meM utsukatA rakhanI par3atI hai| yoM nirmANa-karma sarvadA paribodha hotA hai| usako bhI isa prakAra naSTa karanA cAhiye-yadi kucha hI kArya avaziSTa ho to use sampanna kara denA caahiye| yadi adhika (avaziSTa) ho evaM yadi saGgha ke liye nirmANa kArya cala rahA ho, to saGgha ko yA saGgha ke kAryoM kA uttaradAyitva vahana karane vAle anya bhikSuoM ko yA apane kisI paricita ko sauMpa denA caahiye| yadi aise loga na mile to nirmANAdhIna vastu saddha ko dAna kara, cale jAnA cAhiye / / (5) mArga- mArgagamana / yadi kisI (bhikSu) se koI vyakti kahIM pravrajyA karane kI apekSA kara rahA ho yA usa bhikSu ko koI cIvarAdi pratyaya prApta karanA ho aura use prApta kiye vinA rahA na jA sake to yaha usake liye paribodha hotA hai, kyoMki bhale hI vaha jagala meM jAkara zramaNa-dharma (=dhyAna Adi) karane lage, kintu usa yAtrA ke viSaya meM cintita mana ko niyantrita karanA sarala nahIM hogaa| isaliye pahale jahA~ jAnA ho vahA~ jAkara, usa kArya ko pUrNa kara phira zramaNa-dharma ke prati utsaka honA caahiye|| (6) jJAti-vihAra meM AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAtha vihAra karane vAle bhikSu, ziSya, eka upAdhyAya ke ziSya , eka AcArya ke ziSya, ghara meM mAtA-pitA, bhAI Adi / inake rogI hone para ve isa bhikSu ke liye paribodha hote haiN| isaliye unakI sevA-zuzrUSA karake, unheM pahale jaisA (nIroga) karake usa paribodha ko naSTa karanA caahiye| inameM, upAdhyAya yadi rogI hone para zIghra acche nahIM hote to ve jaba taka jiye taba taka

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132 visuddhimagga tathA pabbajjAcariyo upasampadAcariyo saddhivihAriko upasampAditapabbAjitaantevAsikasamAnupajjhAyakA ca / nissayAcariyauddesAcariyanissayantevAsikauddesantevAsikasamAnAcarikA pana yAva nissayauddesA anupacchinnA, tAva paTijaggitabvA / pahontena tato uddhaM pi paTijaggitabbA eva / mAtApitsu upajjhAye viya paTipajjitabbaM / sace pi hi te rajje ThitA honti, puttato ca upaTThAnaM paccAsIsanti, kAtabbameva / atha tesaM bhesajjaM natthi, attano santakaM dAtabbaM / asati bhikkhAcariyAya pariyesitvA pi dAtabbameva / bhAtubhaginInaM pana tesaM santakameva yojetvA dAtabbaM / sace natthi attano santakaM tAvakAlikaM datvA pacchA labhantena gahitabbaM / alabhantena na codetabbA / aJJAtakassa bhaginisAmikassa bhesajjaM neva kAtuM na dAtuM vaTTati / " tumhaM sAmikassa dehI " ti vatvA pana bhaginiyA dAtabbaM / bhAtujAyAya pi eseva nayo / tesaM pana puttA imassa jAtakA evA ti tesaM kAtuM vaTTatIti / (7) AbAdhoti / yo koci rogo so bAdhayamAno palibAdho hoti, tasmA bhesajjakaraNena upacchinditabbo / sace pana katipAhaM bhesajjaM karontassa pi na vUpasammati, " nAhaM tumhaM dAso, na bhatako, taM yevahi posento anamatagge saMsAravaTTe dukkhaM pattA " ti attabhAvaM garahitvA samaNadhammo kAtabbo ti / (8) goti / pariyattiharaNaM / taM sajjhAyAdIhi niccabyAvaTasseva palibodho hoti, na unakI sevA karanI caahiye| isI prakAra pravrajyA dene vAle AcArya....upasampadA dene vAle AcArya. sAtha-sAtha vihAra karane vAle bhikSu.... jinheM pravrajyA dI hai...... jinheM upasampadA dI hai-aise ziSya aura samAna upAdhyAya ke ziSya....yadi rogI ... sevA karanI cAhiye, kintu nizraya dene vAle AcArya, pATha karAne vAle AcArya, vaha ziSya jise nizraya diyA ho evaM samAna AcArya ke ziSya ke viSaya meM vidhAna hai ki jaba taka nizraya evaM pATha calatA rahe taba taka yA AvazyakatA ho to bAda meM bhI sevA-zuzrUSA karanI hI cAhiye / mAtA-pitA kI bhI, upAdhyAya ke hI samAna sevA - zuzrUSA karanI cAhiye / yadi ve usI rAjya meM rahate hoM, jisameM putra rahatA hai aura putra se sevA kI apekSA karate hoM, to sevA karanI hI cAhiye / yadi unake pAsa auSadha nahIM hai to apane pAsa se denI caahiye| apane pAsa na hone para bhikSATana kara use khoja kara bhI denI caahiye| kintu bhAI yA bahana ko unhIM ke pAsa kI auSadhi denI caahiye| yadi unake pAsa na ho, to apane pAsa se usa samaya ke liye dekara bAda meM usake badale meM dUsarI le lenI cAhiye / kintu yadi vApasa na mile to dene ke liye bAdhya nahIM karanA caahiye| jisake sAtha rakta kA sambandha nahIM hai-aisI bahana ke pati ke liye na to auSadha banAnI cAhiye aura na hI denI caahiye| kintu "apane svAmI ko de do"- aisA kahakara bahana ko denA cAhiye / bhrAtRjAyA ke viSaya meM bhI yahI niyama hai / kintu usakA putra to isakA rakta sambandhI ( = jJAti) hI hai, isaliye usake liye auSadha banAnA vihita hai / (7) AbAdha - kisI bhI prakAra kA rog| jaba yaha roga pIr3ita karatA hai taba paribodha hotA hai| isaliye, cikitsA karake ise naSTa karanA cAhiye / yadi kucha dinoM taka cikitsA karane para bhI roga zAnta na ho to svayaM kI isa prakAra bhartsanA kara usakI upekSA karate hue zramaNa-dharma kA hI pAlana karanA cAhiye - " na maiM tumhArA dAsa hU~, na hI vetanabhogI sevaka hU~, tumheM hI pAlate hue maiMne isa anAdi saMsAra meM apAra duHkha bhogA hai" (8)

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa itrss| tatrimAni vatthUni-majjhimabhANakadevatthero kira malayavAsidevattherassa santikaM gantvA kammaTThAnaM yaaci| thero"kIdisosi, Avuso, pariyattiyaM" ti pucchi| "majjhimo me, bhante, paguNo" ti|"aavuso, majjhimo nAmeso dupparihAro, mUlapaNNAsaM sajjhAyantassa majjhimapaNNAsako Agacchati, taM sajjhAyantassa uparipaNNAsako, kuto tumhaM kammaTThAnaM" ti? "bhante, tumhAkaM santikaM kammaTThAnaM labhitvA puna na olokessAmI" ti kammaTThAnaM gahetvA ekUnavIsativassAni sajjhAyaM akatvA vIsatime vasse arahattaM patvA sajjhAyatatthAya AgatAnaM bhikkhUnaM "vIsati me, Avuso, vassAni pariyattiM anolokentassa, api ca kho kataparicayo ahamettha, ArabhathA" ti vatvA Adito paTThAya yAva pariyesanA ekabyaJjane pissa kalA naahosi| karuLiyagirivAsinAgatthero pi aTThArasavassAni pariyattiM chaDdutvA bhikkhUna dhAtukathaM uddisi| tesaM gAmavAsikattherehi saddhiM saMsandentAnaM ekapaJho pi uppaTipATiyA Agato naahosi| mahAvihAre pi tipiTakacULAbhayattharo nAma 'aTThakathaM anuggahetvA va paJcanikAyamaNDale tINi piTakAni parivattessAmI' ti suvaNNabheri phraapesi| bhikkhusaGgo "katamAcariyAnaM uggaho, attano AcariyuggahaM yeva vadatu, itarathA vattuM na demA" ti Aha / upajjhAyo pinaM attano upaTTAnaM AgataM pucchi-"tvaM Avuso, bheri paharApesI"ti? "Ama, bhnte"| grantha- granthoM ke prati uttaradAyitva (=pryttihrnn)| vaha usake liye paribodha hotA hai jo sadA parAyaNa Adi meM lagA rahatA hai, anya ke liye nhiiN| isa viSaya meM ye kathAe~ (dRSTAnta) haiM-kahate haiM ki majjhimabhANaka (=majjhimanikAya kA pArAyaNa karane vAle) deva' sthavira ne malaya (=vartamAna laGkA kA trikoNAmalaya pradeza) nivAsI deva sthavira ke pAsa jAkara karmasthAna (=samAdhi ke Alambana) kI yAcanA kii|sthvir ne pUchA-"AyuSman! granthoM meM tumhArI kaisI gati hai?""bhante, mujhe majjhimanikAya kaNThastha hai""AyuSman! majjhima eka kaThina uttaradAyitva hai| jaba taka koI prathama pacAsa (mUlapaNNAsaka) yAda karatA hai, tabhI bIca ke pacAsa (majjhimapaNNAsaka) sAmane A jAte haiN| phira unheM yAda karate hue hI bAda ke antima pacAsa (uparipaNNAsaka)! tumhAre pAsa karmasthAna (kA avakAza) kahA~ hai?" usane "bhante, Apase karmasthAna pAkara phira una granthoM ko nahIM dekhUgA" isa prakAra kahakara, karmasthAna haNa kara unnIsa varSa taka pArAyaNa nahIM kiyA / evaM bIsaveM varSa meM arhattva prApta kara liyaa| isake pazcAt rAyaNa ke liye Aye hue bhikSuoM se kahA-"AyuSman! varSoM se maiMne ina granthoM ko dekhA nahIM hai, phira mI unake viSaya meM jJAna hai, isaliye Arambha karo" yo prArambha se lekara antataka eka bhI vyaana akSara) ke viSaya meM unheM sandeha hicakicAhaTa nahIM huii| (ka) karuLiyagirivAsI nAgasthavira ne bhI aTThAraha varSa taka granthoM ko chor3a dene para bhI bhikSuoM ko dhAtukathA kA pArAyaNa karake sunaayaa| jaba unhoMne grAmavAsI bhikSuoM se isakI parIkSA karavAyI to pAyA ki eka bhI prazna aisA nahIM thA jo (pArAyaNa-krama) se udhara-udhara ho| (kha) mahAvihAra meM bhI tripiTaka cUDAbhaya nAmaka sthavira ne "aTThakathA (=arthakathA) ko vinA par3he hI paJcanikAya-maNDala (dIghanikAya Adi pA~ca nikAyoM ke vizeSajJoM ke maNDala) meM tIna piTakoM kI vyAkhyA karU~gA"-isa prakAra kahate hue svarNa-bherI bjvaayii| bhikSusaGgha ne kahA-"kina AcAryoM kI 1.kisI-kisI pustaka meM 'deva' ke sthAna meM 'revata' zabda bhI milatA hai|

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134 visuddhimagga "kiM kAraNA" ti? "pariyatti, bhante parivattessAmI' ti| "Avuso abhaya, AcariyA idaM padaM kathaM vadantI" ti? "evaM vadanti, bhante" ti| thero 'huM' ti paTibAhi / puna so ajena aJjana pariyAyena "evaM vadanti, bhante" ti tikkhattuM Aha / thero sabbaM "huM" ti paTivAhitvA "Avuso, tayA paThame kathito eva cAcariyamaggo, Acariyamukhato pana anuggahitattA, 'evaM AcariyA vadantI' ti saNThAtuM naaskkhi| gaccha, attano AcariyAnaM santike suNAhI" ti| "kuhiM, bhante, gacchAmI" ti? "gaGgAya parato rohaNajanapade tulAdhArapabbatavihAre sabbapariyattiko mahAdhammarakkhitatthero nAma vasati, tassa santikaM gacchA" ti| "sAdhu, bhante" ti theraM vanditvA paJcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiM therassa santikaM gantvA vanditvA nisiidi| thero "kasmA AgatosI" ti pucchi|"dhmmN sotuM, bhante" ti| "Avuso abhaya, dIghamajjhimesu maM kAlena kAlaM pucchanti / avasesaM pana me tisamattAni vassAni na olokitapubbaM / api ca tvaM rattiM mama santike privttehi| ahaM te divA kathayissAmA" ti so "sAdhu, bhante" ti tathA akaasi| pariveNadvAre mahAmaNDapaM kAretvA gAmavAsino divase divase dhammasavanatthAya aagcchnti| thero rattiM parivatti / taM divA kathayanto anupubbena desanaM niTThapetvA abhayattherassa santike taTTikAya nisIditvA "Avuso mayhaM kammaTThAnaM kathehI" ti aah| "bhante kiM yaha zikSA hai? Apa apane hI AcArya kI zikSA kI vyAkhyA kare, anyathA hama bolane nahIM deNge|" jaba ve upAdhyAya ke pAsa gaye to unhoMne bhI pUchA-"tumane bherI bajavAyI (ghoSaNA karavAyI) hai?" "hA~, bhante!" "kisaliye?" "bhante, tripiTaka kI vyAkhyA kruuNgaa"| "AyuSman abhaya! AcArya isa pada ke viSaya meM kyA kahate haiM?" "bhante, yaha kahate haiN|" sthavira ne 'hU~' kahakara khaNDana kiyaa| phira unhoMne tIna bAra bhinna-bhinna prakAra se 'yaha kahate haiM, bhante" kahA / sthavira ne sabhI kA 'hU~' kahakara khaNDana kiyA evaM kahA-"AyuSman! tumane pahale jo kahA hai, vahIM AcArya dvArA samarthita mArga hai; kintu kyoMki tumane AcArya ke mukha se viSaya kA grahaNa nahIM kiyA, isaliye nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kaha pAye ki "AcArya yaha kahate haiN| jAo aura apane AcArya se ise siikho|" "bhante, kahA~ jAU~?" "gaGgApAra rohaNa janapada meM tulAdhAraparvatavihAra meM sabhI piTakoM meM niSNAta mahAdharmarakSita nAmaka sthavira rahate haiM, unake pAsa jaao|" ve "bahuta acchA, bhante" kahakara sthavira kI vandanA kara pA~ca sau bhikSuoM ke sAtha sthavira ke pAsa jAkara, vandanA kara, baiTha gaye / sthavira ne pUchA-"kisaliye Aye ho?" "bhante, dharma-zravaNa karane ke liye|" ___ "AyuSman abhaya, ziSyagaNa mujhase dIghanikAya aura majjhimanikAya samaya-samaya para pUchate rahate hai isaliye ve smRti meM hai, kintu avaziSTa nikAyoM ko to maiMne tIsa varSoM taka dekhA bhI nahIM hai| phira bhI tuma rAtri ke samaya unheM mere samIpa pddh'o| prAtaH maiM tumhe unakA tAtparya btlaauuNgaa|" unhoMne "bahuta acchA, bhante" kahakara vaisA hI kiyaa| mahAdharmarakSita ke pariveNa ke dvAra para grAmavAsI eka vizAla maNDapa banavAkara pratidina dharmazravaNa ke liye AyA karate the| abhaya sthavira rAtri meM par3hate the| dUsare dina kathA kahate hue kramaza dezanA samApta kara abhaya sthavira ke samIpa caTTI (=caTAI) para baiThakara mahAdharmarakSita sthavira ne kahA"AyuSman! mere liye karmasthAna kho|" "bhante, kyA kaha rahe haiM? kyA maiMne Apa se hI zravaNa nahIM kiyA hai? mai Apako aisA kyA batalAU~gA jo Apako jJAna nahIM hai|" taba sthavira ne kahA"AyuSman! yaha mArga usa vyakti ke liye kucha aura hI mahattva rakhatA hai jo vAstava meM isa para calA

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 135 bhaNatha? nanu mayA tumhAkameva santike sutaM ! kimahaM tumhehi ajJAtaM kathessAmI ?" ti tato naM thero " aJJa esa, Avuso, gatakassa maggo nAmA" ti Aha / abhayatthero kira tadA sotApanno hoti / athassa so kammaTThAnaM datvA AgantvA lohapAsAde dhammaM parivattento thero parinibbuto ti assosi / sutvA" AharathAvuso cIvaraM " ti cIvaraM pArupitvA " anucchaviko, Avuso, amhAkaM Acariyassa arahattamaggo / Acariyo no, Avuso, uju AjAnIyo / so attano dhammantevAsikassa santike taTTikAya nisIditvA 'mahaM kammaTThAnaM kathehI' ti Aha / anucchaviko, Avuso, therassa arahattamaggo" ti / evarUpAnaM gandho palibodho na hotI ti / (9) iddhIti / pothujjanikA iddhi / sA hi uttAnaseyyakadArako viya taruNasassaM viya ca duparihArA hoti / appamattakeneva bhijjati / sA pana vipassanAya palibodho hoti, na samAdhissa, samAdhiM patvA pattabbata / tasmA vipassanatthikena iddhipalibodho upacchinditabbo, itarena avasesA ti / ( 10 ) ayaM tAva palibodhakathAya vitthAro // kammaTThAnadAyakakathA 14. kammaTThAnadAyakaM kalyANamittaM upasaGkramitvA ti / ettha pana duvidhaM kammaTThAnaM - sabbatthakakammaTThAnaM, pArihAriyakammaTThAnaM ca / tattha sabbatthakakammaTThAnaM nAma bhikkhusaGghAdIsu mettA maraNassati ca, asubhasaJJA ti pi eke| kammaTThAnikena hi bhikkhunA paThamaM tAva paricchinditvA sImaTThakabhikkhusaGghe 'sukhitA hai|" abhaya sthavira usa samaya srotaApanna ho cuke the| taba unhoMne karmasthAna dekara vApasa Akara lauhaprAsAda meM dharma kA pArAyaNa karate hue 'sthavira parinivRtta ho gaye' aisA sunA / sunakara "AyuSman ! cIvara lAo" aisA kahakara prasthAna ke nimitta cIvara or3hakara kahA- "AyuSman ! arhat mArga hamAre AcArya ko zobhA detA thaa| AyuSman, hamAre AcArya sarala aura kulIna the / unhoMne apane dharmaziSya ke pAsa caTAI para baiThakara "mere liye karmasthAna batalAo" aisA kahA thaa| AyuSman ! isa sthavira ko arhat mArga hI zobhA detA thA / (ga) isa prakAra ke sAdhakoM ke liye grantha-paribodha nahIM hotA / (9) Rddhi- arthAt pRthagjanoM kI Rddhi / uttAna sone vAle zizu (navajAta zizu jo karavaTa nahIM badala sakatA) ke samAna aura naye paudhe ke samAna usakI rakSA karane meM kaThinAI hotI hai| alpamAtra asAvadhAnI se bhI vaha naSTa ho jAtA hai| kintu vaha vipazyanA ke liye paribodha hotI hai, samAdhi ke liye nahIM; kyoMki vaha samAdhi dvArA hI prApta hotI hai| isaliye vipazyanA ke icchuka ko Rddhi-paribodha naSTa karanA cAhiye, anya ko avaziSTa 9 palibodhoM ko dUra karanA cAhiye / / (10) yoM yaha paribodha kA vistRta varNana pUrNa huA / / karmasthAna- pradAtA (kammaTThAnadAyaka ) karmasthAna dene vAle kalyANamitra ke pAsa jAkara- karmasthAna do prakAra kA hotA hai- 1. sabake liye upayogI (= sarvArthaka) karmasthAna evaM 2. vizeSa karmasthAna / 'sabake liye upayogI karmasthAna hai - bhikSusa Adi ke prati maitrI evaM maraNAnusmRti / koI koI azubha saMjJA ko bhI sabake liye mAnate haiN| karmasthAna grahaNa karane vAle bhikSu ko pahale sImita rUpa meM maitrI bhAvanA karate hue sImA

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136 visuddhimagga hontu abyApajjA' ti mettA bhaavetbbaa| tato sImaTTakadevatAsu, tato gocaragAmamhi issarajane, tato tattha manusse upAdAya sbbsttesu| so hi bhikkhusaGke mettAya sahavAsInaM muducittataM jneti| athassa te sukhasaMvAsA honti / sImaTThakadevatAsu mettAya mudukatacittAhi devatAhi dhammikAya rakkhAya susaMvihitarakkho hoti| gocaragAmamhi issarajane mettAya mudukatacittasantAnehi issarehi dhammikAya rakkhAya surakkhitaparikkhAro hoti / tattha manussesu mettAya pasAditacittehi tehi aparibhUto hutvA vicrti| sabbasattesu mettAya sabbattha appaTihatacAro hoti| maraNassatiyA pana 'avassaM mayA maritabba' ti cintento anesanaM pahAya uparUpari vaDDamAnasaMvego anolInavuttiko hoti / asubhasAparicitacittassa panassa dibbAni pi ArammaNAni lobhavasena cittaM na priyaadiynti| evaM bahUpakArattA sabbattha atthayitabbaM icchitabbaM ti ca adhippetassa yogAnuyogakammassa ThAnaM cA ti sabbatthakakammaTThAnaM ti vuccati / cattAlIsAya pana kammaTThAnesu yaM yassa cariyAnukUlaM, taM tassa niccaM pariharitabbattA uparimassa ca uparimassa bhAvanAkammassa padaTThAnattA pArihAriyakammaTThAnaM ti vuccati / iti imaM duvidhaM pi kammaTThAnaM yo deti ayaM kammaTThAnadAyako nAma, taM kammaTThAnadAyakaM / vizeSa meM rahane vAle bhikSusaGgha ke prati 'ye sukhI ho, kaSTarahita hoM'-isa prakAra maitrIbhAvanA karanI cAhiye / tatpazcAt usa sImA ke bhItara rahane vAle devatAoM ke prati, tatpazcAt vahA~ ke sabhI manuSyoM evaM una manuSyoM para nirbhara rahane vAle sabhI prANiyoM ke prati / vaha bhikSusaGgha ke prati maitrI bhAvanA kA abhyAsa karane ke kAraNa apane sAtha rahane vAloM ke citta meM mRdutA utpanna karatA hai| ataH usake liye ve sabhI sukhapUrvaka sAtha rahane vAle bana jAte hai| usa sImA vizeSa meM rahane vAle devatAoM ke prati maitrI ke kAraNa mRducitta devatA usakI dharmasammata surakSA karate hai| jahA~ vaha bhikSATana karatA hai, usa grAma ke pramukha vyaktiyoM ke prati maitrI ke kAraNa, mRdu cittasantAna (komala vicAroM) vAle ve pramukha manuSya usakI dharmasammata surakSA karate haiM, jisase usakA parivAra surakSita hotA hai| vaha vahA~ ke manuSyoM ke prati maitrI ke kAraNa, una prasanna-citta manuSyoM dvArA apamAnita na hote hue, vicaraNa karatA hai| sabhI prANiyoM ke prati maitrI ke kAraNa sarvatra nirbAdha rUpa se vihAra karatA hai| vaha sAdhaka maraNa-smRti dvArA "maiM avazya marU~gA"-aisA socate hue, anucita anveSaNa ko chor3akara kramazaH vardhamAna saMvega se yukta evaM rAgarahita jIvana jIne vAlA vAlA hotA hai| jisa vyakti kA citta azubhasaMjJA se paricita (=usakA abhyAsI) hotA hai, usake citta meM to divya svarga Adi Alambana bhI lobha utpanna nahIM kara sakate! isa prakAra unheM maitrI, maraNasmRti evaM azubhasaMjJA ko sabake liye upayogI kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki inake bahu-upakArI hone se sarvatra inakI AvazyakatA par3atI hai evaM karmasthAna kahA jAtA hai| ye abhipreta yoga (=samAdhi) meM anuyoga (saMyukta) karane vAle karma ke sthAna hai| (1) vizeSa (=pArihArika) karmasthAna vaha hai jo ki kisI ke liye usakI caryA ke anukUla kisI eka karmasthAna ke rUpa meM cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM se cunA gayA yaha vizeSa (=parihArya-svIkArya) hai, kyoki vaha usa bhikSu ke liye ise sarvadA sAtha-sAtha liye rahanA Avazyaka hotA hai evaM kyoMki yaha uttarottara vikasita hone vAle bhAvanAkarma kA Asanna kAraNa hai| isa prakAra isa dvividha karmasthAna ko jo detA hai vaha karmasthAna-pradAtA hai| (2)

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNanihesa 137 kalyANamittaM ti| "piyo garu bhAvanIyo vattA ca vcnkkhmo| gambhIraM ca kathaM kattA no caTThAne niyojako // ti|| (aM0 3-177) evamAdiguNasamannAgataM ekantena hitesiM vuDDipakkhe ThitaM klyaannmittN| ___ "mamaM hi, Ananda, kalyANamittaM Agamma jAtidhammA sattA jAtiyA parimuccantI" (saM0 1-78) ti Adivacanato pana sammAsambuddhoyeva sabbAkArasampanno klyaannmitto| tasmA tasmi sati tasseva bhagavato santike gahitakammaTThAnaM sugahitaM hoti| parinibbute pana tasmi asItiyA mahAsAvakesu yo dharati, tassa santike gahetuM vttttti| tasmi asati yaM kammaTThAnaM gahetukAmo hoti, tasseva vasena catukapaJcakajjhAnAni nibbattetvA jhAnapadaTThAnaM visassanaM vaDDatvA Asavakkhayappattassa khINAsavassa santike gahetabbaM / kiM pana khINAsavo 'ahaM khINAsavo' ti attAnaM pakAsetI ti? kiM vattabbaM? kArakabhAvaM hi jAnitvA pkaaseti| nanu assaguttatthero AraddhakammaTThAnassa bhikkhuno 'kammaTThAnakArako ayaM' ti jAnitvA AkAse cammakhaNDaM pApetvA tattha pallaGkena nisinno kammaTThAnaM kathesI ti! tasmA sace khINAsavaM labhati, iccetaM kuslN| no celabhati, anAgAmisakadAgAmisotApannajhAnalAbhiputhujjanatipiTakadharadvipiTakadharaekapiTakagharesu purimassa purimassa sntike| ekapiTakadhare pi asati, yassa ekasaGgIti pi aTThakathAya saddhiM paguNA, sayaM ca lajo kalyANamitra kauna hai? ___ "priya, gaurava evaM sammAna kA pAtra, dharmavaktA, vacanoM ko sahane yA gambhIra pravacana karane vAlA evaM anucita kAryoM meM na lagAne vAlA" Adi bhagavadukta guNoM se yukta, pUrNarUpa se hitaiSI evaM saba kI unnati (vRddhi) cAhane vAlA kalyANamitra kahA jAtA hai| "Ananda, mujha kalyANamitra ke pAsa Akara utpatti svabhAva vAle sattva utpatti se vimukta hote haiM" Adi bhagavadvacanoM ke anusAra to samyaksambuddha hI sarvAkArasampanna (=uparyukta sabhI vizeSatAoM se sampanna) kalyANamitra haiN| isaliye unake jIte jI (upasthita rahate) unhIM se grahaNa kiyA gayA karmasthAna hI vastutaH 'samyaktayA grahaNa kiyA gayA' kahA jA sakatA hai| unake parinivRta ho jAne para, assI mahAzrAvakoM meM se jo jIvita ho, unake samIpa grahaNa karanA caahiye| unake bhI jIvita na rahane para, jisa karmasthAna ko grahaNa karane kI icchA ho, usI ke anusAra cAra evaM pA~ca dhyAna mAnane vAle naya ke anusAra kramazaH catuSka paJcaka dhyAnoM ko utpanna kara, dhyAna kI AsannakAraNa vipazyanA kA vardhana kara, jisake Asrava kSINa ho cuke hoM aise kSINAsrava bhikSu se grahaNa karanA caahiye| prazna- kintu kyA kSINAsrava "maiM kSINAsrava hU~" isa prakAra apane ko svayaM prakAzita (ghoSita) karatA hai? isa viSaya meM kyA karanA cAhiye? uttara- jaba, vaha jAna letA hai ki usakI zikSA kA pAlana kiyA jAyagA, vaha (svayaM ko) prakAzita karatA hai| kyA azvagupta sthavira ne karmasthAna kA Arambha kara cuke bhikSu ke liye "yaha karmasthAna kA pAlana karane vAlA hai"-aisA jAnakara AkAza meM carmakhaNDa vichAkara, usa para padmAsana se baiTha kara evaM isa prakAra Rddhibala kA pradarzana karate hue karmasthAna nahIM batalAyA thA! isaliye kSINAsrava bhikSu mila jAya to bahuta acchA hai| yadi na mileM to anAgAmI, sakRdAgAmI, srotaApanna, dhyAnalAbhI pRthagjana, tripiTakadhara, dvipiTakadhara yA ekapiTakadhara meM se kramazaH kisI eka

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138 vizuddhimagga hoti, tassa santike gahetabbaM / evarUpo hi tantidharo vaMsAnurakkhako paveNIpAlako Acariyo Acariyamatiko va hoti, na attanomatiko hoti / teneva porANakattherA 'lajjI rakkhissati, lajja rakhissatI' ti tikkhattuM AhaMsu / pubbe vuttakhINAsavAdayo cettha attanA adhigatamaggameva Acikkhanti / bahussuto pana taM taM AcariyaM upasaGkamitvA uggahaparipucchAnaM visodhitattA ito cito ca suttaM ca kAraNaM ca sallakkhetvA sappAyAsappAyaM yojetvA gahanaTThAne gacchanto mahAhatthI viyamahAmaggaM dassento kammaTThAnaM kathessati / tasmA evarUpaM kammaTThAnadAyakaM kalyANamittaM upasaGkamitvA tassa vattapaTipattiM katvA kammaTThAnaM gahetabbaM / sace panetaM ekavihAre yeva labhati, iccetaM kusalaM / no ce labhati, yattha so vasati, tattha gantabbaM / gacchantena ca na dhotamakkhitehi pAdehi upAhanA AruhitvA chattaM gahetvA telanALimadhuphANitAdIni gAhApetvA antevAsikaparivutena gantabbaM / gamikavattaM pana pUretvA attano pattacIvaraM sayameva gahetvA antarAmagge yaM yaM vihAraM pavisati sabbattha vattapaTipattiM kurumAnena sallahukaparikkhArena paramasallekhavuttinA hutvA gantabbaM / taM vihAraM pavisantena antarAmagge yeva dantakaTThe kappiyaM kArApetvA gahetvA pavisitabbaM / naca " muhuttaM vissamitvA pAdadhovanamakkhanAdIni katvA Acariyassa santikaM gamissAmI" ti aJJa pariveNaM pavisitabbaM / kasmA ? sace hissa tatra Acariyassa vibhAgA bhikkhU bhaveyyuM, te AgamanakAraNaM pucchitvA Acariyassa avaNNaM pakAsetvA-'naTThosi sace tassa santikaM Agato' ti vippaTisAraM uppAdeyyuM, yena tato va paTinivatteyya / tasmA Acariyassa vasanaTThAnaM pucchitvA ujukaM tattheva gantabbaM / ke na rahane para dUsare ke samIpa grahaNa karanA cAhiye / yadi ekapiTakadhara bhI na mile, to jise aTThakathA ke sAtha eka bhI saMgIti (nikAya) kaNThastha hai evaM svata: lajjAvAn ho usase grahaNa karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra kA tantidhara ( = buddhavacana kaNThastha karane vAlA) buddha ke vaMza kA rakSaka, paramparApAlaka AcArya apane AcArya kI mati ke anusAra calane vAlA hotA hai, apanI mati ke anusAra calane vAlA nhiiN| isIliye prAcIna samaya ke sthaviroM ne aise bhikSu kI tarapha saGketa karate hue tIna bAra kahA hai " lajjAvAn (vaMza kI rakSA karegA, lajjAvAn (vaMza kI rakSA kregaa|" pUrvokta kSINAstrava Adi apane dvArA adhigata (anubhUta) mArga ko hI batalAte haiM / kintu jo bahuzruta hotA hai vaha isa usa AcArya ke pAsa jAkara apane sIkhe hue kA evaM praznottaroM (zaGkAsamAdhAnoM) ke sahAre idhara udhara se sUtra evaM tarka (kAraNa) kA saJcaya kara, anukUla evaM ananukUla kI yojanA (=vyavasthA) kara, mahAmArga (sarala niSkaNTaka mArga) dikhalAte hue, gahana sthAna meM jAne vAle hAthI ke samAna, karmasthAna batalAyagA / isaliye aise karmasthAnopadeSTA kalyANamitra ke pAsa jAkara usake prati karaNIya (sevA-pUjA) karake karmasthAna kA grahaNa karanA cAhiye / yadi vaha usI vihAra meM mila jAya, taba to bahuta hI acchA hai| yadi na mile to vaha jahA~ rahatA ho vahA~ jAnA caahiye| jAte samaya use (jijJAsu ko) paira dhokara, taila lagAkara, jUtA pahana, chAtA evaM tela kI phophI, zahada, rAba Adi lekara calane vAle ziSyoM se ghire hue nahIM jAnA cAhiye / apitu jAne ke pUrva apane karttavyoM ko pUrNa kara, apanA pAtra cIvara svayaM hI lekara evaM bIca rAste meM jo jo vihAra par3eM, una sabameM karaNIya karma vandana-pUjana karate hue, bahuta kama sAmAna lekara aura parama upekSAvRtti vAlA hokara jAnA caahiye|

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 139 - sace Acariyo daharataro hoti, pattacIvarapaTiggahaNAdIni na saaditbbaani| sace vuDataro hoti, gantvA AcariyaM vanditvA ThAtabbaM / "nikkhipAvuso, pattacIvaraM" ti vuttena nikkhipitabbaM / "pAnIyaM pivA" ti vuttena sace icchati pAtabbaM / "pAde dhovAhI" ti vuttena na tAva pAdA dhovitbbaa| sace hi Acariyena AbhataM udakaM bhaveyya, na sAruppaM siyaa| "dhovAhAvuso,na mayA AbhataM, aJahi AbhataM" ti vuttena pana yattha Acariyo na passati, evarUpe paTicchanne vA okAse , abbhokAse vihArassA pi vA ekamante nisIditvA pAdA dhovitbbaa| sace Acariyo telanALiM Aharati, uhitvA ubhohi hatthehi sakaccaM ghetbbaa| sace hi na gaNheyya, "ayaM bhikkhu ito eva paTThAya sambhogaM kopetI" ti Acariyassa aJathattaM bhaveyya / gahetvA pana na Adito va pAdA mkkhetbbaa| sace hi taM Acariyassa gattabbhajjanatelaM bhaveyya, na sAruppaM siyaa| tasmA sIsaM makkhetvA khandhAdIni mkkhetbbaani| "sabbapArihAriya-telamidaM, Avaso, pAde pi makkhehI" ti vuttena pana thokaM sIse katvA pAde makkhetvA "imaM telanALiM Thapemi, bhante" ti vatvA Acariye gaNhante daatbbaa| Agatadivasato pavAya "kammavAnaM me, bhante, kathetha"iccevaM na vattabbaM / datiyadivasato pana paTThAya, sace Acariyassa pakatiupaTThAko atthi, taM yAcitvA vattaM kAtabbaM / sace yAcito pi nadeti, okAse laddhe yeva kAtabbaM / karontena ca khuddakamajjhimamahantAni tINi dantakaTThAni upnaametbbaani| sItaM uNhaM ti duvidhaM mukhadhovanaudakaM ca nhAnodakaM ca paTiyAdetabbaM / tato yaM Acariyo tINi divasAni paribhuJjati, tAdisameva niccaM upanAmetabbaM / usa AcArya ke vihAra meM praveza karane vAle ko rAste meM hI dAtauna tur3avAkara praveza karanA cAhiye; kyoMki bhikSu ke liye hare-bhare vRkSoM se patte Adi tor3anA varjita akalpya hai| use yaha socakara ki "kucha samaya vizrAma kara, paira dhokara, taila lagAkara AcArya ke pAsa jAU~gA", kisI anya pariveNa meM praveza nahIM karanA cAhiye; kyoMki yadi vahA~ usa AcArya ke virodhI bhikSu, usake Agamana kA kAraNa pUchakara usa AcArya kI nindA karate hue "yadi unake pAsa gaye to samajho ki naSTa ho gaye!"-isa prakAra usake mana meM pazcAttApa ( glAni) utpanna kara deNge| jisase ki sambhavataH vaha jijJAsu AcArya ke pAsa na jAkara vahIM se vApasa lauTa sakatA hai| isaliye use AcArya kA sthAna pUchakara sIdhe vahIM jAnA caahiye| yadi AcArya usase Ayu meM choTe hoM to unase pAtra-cIvara grahaNa Adi nahIM karavAnA caahiye| yadi usase bar3e hoM, to jAkara AcArya kI vandanA kara khar3e ho jAnA caahiye|"aayussmn! pAtra-cIvara rakha do"-aisA kahane para rakha denA caahiye| "jala pI lo"-kahane para, yadi icchA ho to pI lenA caahiye| "paira dho lo"-kahane para usI samaya nahIM dhonA cAhiye; kyoMki yadi jala AcArya ke dvArA lAyA gayA ho, to use upayoga meM lenA ucita nahIM ho sktaa| kintu "dho lo, AyuSman! yaha mere dvArA nahIM, apitu kisI anya dvArA lAyA gayA hai"-kahane para jahA~ AcArya kI dRSTi na par3atI ho, aise AvaraNa vAle sthAna para yA vihAra ke khule maidAna meM hI ekAnta meM baiThakara paira dhonA caahiye| yadi AcArya taila kI phophI lekara AyeM, to uThakara donoM hAthoM se Adara ke sAtha lenA caahiye| yadi grahaNa nahIM kare to AcArya yaha anyathA bhI soca sakate haiM-"yaha bhikSu abhI se (isake) upabhoga ko burA samajhatA hai| kintu ise lekara pahale pairoM para hI nahIM malanA cAhiye, kyoMki yadi

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140 visuddhimagga niyamaM akatvA yaM vA taM vA paribhuJjantassa yathAladdhaM upanAmetabbaM / kiM bahunA vuttena? yaM taM bhagavatA "antavAsikena, bhikkhave, Acariyamhi sammA vattitabbaM / tatrAyaM sammA vattanAkAlasseva uTThAya upAhanA omuJcitvA ekaMsaM uttarAsaGgakaritvA dantakaTTha dAtabbaM, mukhodakaM dAtabbaM, AsanaM pApetabbaM / sace yAgu hoti, bhAjanaM dhovitvA yAgu upanAmetabbA" (vi0 3-58) ti AdikaM khandhake sammA vattaM paJattaM, taM sabbaM pi kAtabbaM / evaM vattasampattiyA garuM ArAdhayamAnena sAyaM vanditvA 'yAhI' ti vissajjitena gantabbaM / yadA so 'kissAgatosI' ti pucchati tadA AgamanakAraNaM kathetabbaM / sace so neva pucchati, vattaM pana sAdiyati, dasAhe vA pakkhe vA vItivatte ekadivasaM vissajjitenApi agantvA okAsaM kAretvA AgamanakAraNaM ArocetabbaM / akAle vA gantvA 'kimatthaM AgatosI?' ti puDhena ArocetabbaM / sace so 'pAte va AgacchA' ti vadati, pAto va gntbbN| sace panassa tAya velAya pittAbAdhena vA kucchi pariDavhati, aggimandatAya vA bhattaM na jIrati, aphao vA koci rogo bAdhati, taM yathAbhUtaM AvikatvA attano sappAyavelaM vaha taila AcArya ke aGgoM para malA jAne vAlA taila ho to use pairoM para malanA ucita nahIM hogaa| isaliye sira para malakara phira kandhe Adi para malanA caahiye| kintu yadi AcArya kaheM ki "AyuSman! yaha taila sarvatra vyavahAra meM Ane vAlA hai, pairoM ko bhI mala lo" to thor3A sA sira para rakhakara, pairoM para malakara "bhante, isa taila kI phophI ko rakha rahA hU~"-aisA kahakara, AcArya ke le lene para de denA caahiye| jisa dina vaha pahu~cA ho usI dina yaha nahIM kahanA cAhiye ki-" bhante, mujhe karmasthAna batalAiye" yadi AcArya kA koI sthAyI sevaka ho, to usase sevA kA avasara mA~ga kara dUsare dina se karaNIya karanA caahiye| yadi vaha mA~gane para bhI avasara na deM, to avasara pAne para svayaM hI karanA caahiye| sevA karane vAle Agantuka bhikSu ko choTI, ma~jhalI aura bar3I-tIna AkAra kI dAtauna lAkara denA cAhiye / mukha dhone evaM nahAne ke liye ThaNDhA aura garma-donoM prakAra ke jala kA prabandha karanA caahiye| tatpazcAt AcArya ne tIna dinoM taka jo AhAra liyA ho, usI prakAra kA AhAra unheM pratidina lAkara denA caahiye| yadi AcArya koI niyama na rakhate hue kucha bhI khA lete hoM, to jo mila jAya vahI lAkara denA caahiye| adhika kahane se kyA lAbha? bhagavAn ne-"ziSya ko AcArya ke sAtha acchA vyavahAra karanA caahiye| acchA vyavahAra yaha hai-ThIka samaya para uThakara, jUte utAra kara, uttarAsaGga ko eka kandhe para kara, mukha dhone ke liye datuana va jala denA cAhiye, Asana bichAnA cAhiye / yadi yavAga ho to pAtra dhokara yavAga lAkara denA cAhiye" Adi isa prakAra skandhaka (vinayapiTaka ke mahAvagga) meM jo samyagvyavahAra batalAyA hai, vaha sabhI karanA caahiye| isa prakAra sevA-zuzrUSA se guru ko prasanna karane vAle ko sAyaGkAla vandanA karane ke bAda 'jAo' kahakara vidA kara diye jAne para cale jAnA caahiye| jaba ki ve pUche hI nhiiN| kintu sevA karavA leM to dasa dina yA pandraha dina bIta jAne para, vidA kara diye jAne para bhI na jAkara, kahane kI paristhiti banAkara, Ane kA kAraNa kahanA caahiye| yA vinA samaya ke hI.jAkara "kisaliye Aye / pache jAne para kahanA caahiye| yadi ve kaheM ki "prAtaH hI Ao" to prAta: hI jAnA caahiye| yadi usa samaya pitta bigar3ane se usake peTa meM jalana ho rahI ho yA agnimAndya ke kAraNa bhojana na paca rahA ho yA koI dUsare roga se pIr3ita ho to unase saca saca batAkara apane liye upayukta ho

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 141 ArocetvA tAya velAya upasaGkamitabbaM / asappAyavelAyaM hi vuccamAnaM pi kammaTThAnaM na sakkA hoti manasikatuM ti / ayaM kammaTThAnadAyakaM kalyANamittaM upasaGkramitvA ti ettha vitthAro / / cariyAkathA 15. idAni attano cariyAnukUlaM ti / ettha cariyA ti cha cariyA - rAgacariyA, dosacariyA, mohacariyA, saddhAcariyA, buddhicariyA, vitakkacariyA ti / keci pana rAgAdInaM saMsaggasannipAtavasena aparA pi catasso, tathA saddhAdInaM ti imAhi aTThahi saddhiM cuddasa icchanti / evaM pana bhede vuccamAne rAgAdInaM saddhAdIhi pi saMsaggaM katvA anekA cariyA honti / tasmA saGkSepena chaLeva cariyA veditabbA / cariyA, pakati, ussannatA ti atthato ekaM / tAsaM vasena chaLeva puggalA honti - rAgacarito, dosacarito, mohacarito, saddhAcarito, buddhicarito, vitakkacaritoti / tattha yasmA rAgacaritassa kusalappavattisamaye saddhA balavatI hoti, rAgassa AsannaguNattA / yathA hi akusalapakkhe rAgo siniddho nAtilUkho, evaM kusalapakkhe saddhA rAgo vatthukAme pariyesati, evaM saddhA sIlAdiguNe / yathA rAgo ahitaM na pariccajati, evaM saddhA hitaM na pariccajati, tasmA rAgacaritassa saddhAcarito sabhAgo / yasmA pana dosacaritassa kusalappavattisamaye paJJA balavatI hoti, dosassa samaya kA sujhAva dekara usI samaya jAnA cAhiye; kyoMki anucita samaya para upadiSTa karmasthAna mana meM baiThAyA nahIM jA sakatA / yoM, yaha 'karmasthAna-pradAtA kalyANamitra ke pAsa jAkara' kI vyAkhyA hai / / caryA - varNana 15. aba 'attano cariyAnukUlaM' kA varNana kareMge - yahA~ caryA kA tAtparya hai chaha caryAe~ / ve haiM - 1. rAgacaryA, 2 dveSacaryA, 3 mohacaryA, 4 zraddhAcaryA, 5 buddhicaryA evaM 6. vitarkacaryA / koI-koI rAga Adi ko sampRkta (milA julA kara cAra anya (= 1 rAga- mohacaryA, 2 dveSa - mohacaryA, 3 . rAgadveSacaryA, 4. rAga-dveSa - mohacaryA) aura vaise hI zraddhA Adi ko bhI ( milAkara) ina ATha ke sAtha (= pUrvokta cAra mizrita caryAoM evaM 1 zraddhA - buddhicaryA, 2 zraddhA-vitarkacaryA, 3. buddhi-vitarkacaryA, 4. zraddhA - buddhi-vitarkacaryA -ina kula ATha caryAoM ke sAtha pUrvokta chaha ko milAkara caudaha mAnate haiM / kintu yadi isa prakAra bheda batalAne lageM to rAga Adi ko zraddhA Adi ke sAtha bhI milAkara aneka caryAe~ hoMgI / isaliye saMkSepa meM chaha hI caryAe~ jAnanI cAhiyeM / caryA, prakRti (= svabhAva), svabhAvagata vizeSatA ( anya dharmoM kI apekSA rAgAdi kI adhikatA ) - ye sabhI samAnArthaka (zabda) haiN| ina caryAoM ke bheda se chaha kI prakAra ke vyakti bhI hote haiM - 1. rAgacarita, 2 dveSa carita, 3. mohacarita, 4. zraddhAcarita, 5. buddhicarita evaM 6. vitarkacarita / inameM, kyoMki rAgacarita vAle vyakti meM jaba kuzala citta utpanna hotA hai, taba usakI zraddhA balavatI hotI hai; kyoMki vaha rAga se milate-julate guNa vAlI hotI hai, isaliye rAgacarita kA zraddhAcarita samAnadharmA hai| jisa prakAra akuzala ke viSaya meM rAga snigdha hotA hai, bahuta rUkSa nahIM, vaise rAga kAmasukhoM ko khojatA hai aura zraddhA bhI zIla Adi guNoM ko khojatI hai| jisa prakAra rAga ahita ko nahIM chor3atA, usI prakAra zraddhA hita ko nahIM chodd'tii| ataH rAgacarita zraddhAcarita kA samAnadharmA hai !

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142 visuddhimagga aasnngunnttaa| yathA hi akusalapakkhe doso nissineho na ArammaNaM allIyati, evaM kusalapakkhe pnyjaa| yathA ca doso abhUtaM pi dosameva pariyesati, evaM paJjA bhUtaM dosmev| yathA doso sattaparivajjanAkArena pavattati, evaM paJjA saGkhAraparivajjanAkArena, tasmA dosacaritassa buddhicarito sbhaago| yasmA pana mohacaritassa anuppannAnaM kusalAnaM dhammAnaM uppAdAya vAyamamAnassa yebhuyyena antarAyakarA vitakA uppajanti, mohassa AsannalakkhaNattA / yathA hi moho paribyAkulatAya anavaTThito, evaM vitako nAnappakAravitakanatAya / yathA ca moho apariyogAhanatAya caJcalo, tathA vitako lahuparikappanatAya, tasmA mohacaritassa vitakacarito sabhAgo ti| 16. apare taNhAmAnadiTThavasena aparA pi tisso cariyA vadanti / tattha taNhA rAgo yeva, mAno ca taMsampayuttA ti tadubhayaM rAgacariyaM naativttti| mohanidAnattA ca diTThiyA didvicariyA mohacariyameva anuptti| cariyAnidAnaM 17. tA panetA cariyA kiMnidAnA? kathaM ca jAnitabbaM-'ayaM puggalo rAgacarito, ayaM puggalo dosAdIsu aJataracarito' ti? kiMcaritassa puggalassa kiM sappAyaM ti? 18. tatra purimA tAva tisso cariyA pubbAciNNanidAnA dhAtudosanidAnA cA ti ekacce vdnti| pubbe kira iTThappayogasubhakammabahulo rAgacarito hoti, saggA vA cavitvA __ kyoMki dveSacarita vyakti meM kuzala citta utpanna hone ke samaya prajJA balavatI hotI hai, kyoMki vaha dveSa se milate-julate guNa vAlI hai; isaliye dveSacarita buddhicarita kA samAnadharmA hai| jisa prakAra akuzala pakSa meM dveSa sneharahita hotA hai, Alambana meM lIna nahIM hotA; isI prakAra kuzala pakSa meM prajJA hotI hai| jisa prakAra dveSa asat doSa ko bhI khojatA rahatA hai usI prakAra prajJA sat doSa ko khojatI rahatI hai| jisa prakAra dveSa sattvoM ke prati parivarjana (=asvIkAra) ke rUpa meM pravRtta hotA hai, usI prakAra prajJA saMskAroM ke prati parivarjana ke rUpa meM pravRtta hotI hai| ataH dveSacarita buddhicarita se milate-julate guNa vAlA hotA hai| __ kyoMki jaba mohacarita anutpanna kuzala dharmoM ke utpAda kA prayAsa karatA hai, taba prAyaH vighnakArI vitarka upasthita hote haiM; kyoMki vitarka moha se milate-julate lakSaNa vAlA hai| isaliye mohacarita kA vitarkacarita samIpadharmA hai| jisa prakAra moha vyAkulatA ke kAraNa asthira hotA hai, usI prakAra vitarka bhI aneka prakAra ke vitarka karane ke kAraNa anavasthita hotA hai| jisa prakAra moha Alambana meM saMyukta na hone ke kAraNa caJcala kahA jAtA hai, usI prakAra vitarka bhI kSudra parikalpanAe~ karane ke kAraNa caJcala hotA hai| ataH mohacarita kA vitarkacarita tulyadharmA kahalAtA hai| 16. anya vidvAn tRSNA, mAna aura dRSTi ke bheda se tIna anya caryAe~ bhI svIkAra karate haiN| inameM tRSNA to rAga hI hai aura mAna usase samprayukta hotA hai| isaliye ve donoM vastutaH rAgacarita se bhinna nahIM haiN| evaM kyoMki dRSTi moha se utpanna hotI hai, isaliye dRSTicarita kA bhI mohacarita meM hI samAveza hai| caryA ke kAraNa (nidAna) 17. usa caryA kA nidAna kyA hai? evaM yaha kaise jAnanA cAhiye ki "yaha pudgala rAgacarita hai? yaha pudgala dveSa Adi anya carita vAlA hai? kisa carita vAle puDa. ta ke liye kyA anukUla hai?" . 18. unameM, pUrva kI tIna caryAe~ (rAga, dveSa evaM moha) pUrvakRta karmoM ke abhyAsa evaM dhAtu yA

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3. kammahAnaggahaNaniddesa 143 idhuuppnno| pubbe chedanavadhabandhanaverakammabahulo dosacarito hoti, nirayanAgayonIhi vA cavitvA idhuuppnno| pubbe majjapAnabahulo sutaparipucchAvihIno ca mohacarito hoti,tiracchAnayoniyA vA cavitvA idhUpapanno ti| evaM pubbAciNNanidAnA ti vdnti| dvinnaM pana dhAtUnaM ussannattA puggalo mohacarito hoti, pathavIdhAtuyA ca ApodhAtuyA ca / itarAsaM dvinnaM ussannatA doscrito| sabbAsaM samattA pana rAgacarito ti| dosesu ca semhAdhiko rAgacarito hoti| vAtAdhiko mohacarito semhAdhiko vA mohacarito, vAtAdhiko vA rAgacarito ti| evaM dhAtudosanidAnA ti vadanti / tattha yasmA pubbe iTThappayogasubhakammabahulA pi saggA cavitvA idhUpapannA pi ca na sabbe rAgacaritA yeva honti, na itare vA dosmohcritaa| evaM dhAtUnaM ca yathAvutteneva nayena ussadaniyamo nAma natthi / dosaniyame ca rAgamohadvayameva vuttaM, taMpi ca pubbaaprviruddhmev| saddhAcariyAdIsu ca ekissA pi nidAnaM na vuttameva, tasmA sabbametaM apricchinnvcnN| 19. ayaM panettha aTThakathAvariyAnaM matAnusArena vinicchayo |vuttN hetaM ussadakittane"ime sattA pubbahetuniyAmana lobhutsadA, dosussadA, mohussadA, alobhussadA, adosussadA, amohussadA ca honti| "yassa hi kammAyUhanakkhaNe lobho balavA hoti alobho mando, adosAmohA doSa ke kAraNa hotI hai-aisA koI koI vidvAn kahate haiN| unake anusAra, pUrva janma meM iSTa arthAt priya ke anveSaNa meM lagA huA, prAyaH zubha karma karane vAlA athavA svarga se cyuta hokara yahA~ pRthvI para utpanna hone vAlA rAgacarita hotA hai| pUrva janma meM adhikatayA kATane-mArane, bA~dhane aura dveSa (vaira) se prerita karma karane vAlA yA naraka athavA nAga yoni meM marakara yahA~ utpanna hone vAlA dveSacarita hotA hai| pUrva janma meM atyadhika madyapAyI aura jJAna kI bAteM sunane evaM unake viSaya meM jijJAsA se prerita hokara prazna karane se rahita athavA pazu (tirazcIna) yoni meM marakara yahA~ utpanna hone vAlA mohacarita hotA hai| isa prakAra kahA jAtA hai ki caryA pUrva-abhyAsa ke kAraNa hotI hai| do dhAtuoM-pRthvI evaM jala kI prabalatA se pudgala mohacarita hotA hai| anya do dhAtuoM-teja evaM vAyu kI prabalatA se dveSacarita hotA hai| sabhI dhAtuoM kI samatA hone ke kAraNa rAgacarita hotA vAta, pitta evaM kapha ina tInoM doSoM meM, jisameM kapha ( zleSmA) kI adhikatA hotI hai vaha rAgacarita hotA hai, jisameM vAta kI adhikatA hotI hai vaha mohacarita hotA hai| athavA, kisI kisI ke matAnusAra jisameM kapha kI adhikatA hotI hai vaha mohacarita evaM jisameM vAta kI adhikatA hotI hai, vaha rAgacarita hotA hai| isa prakAra, caryA dhAtu aura doSa ke kAraNa hotI hai-aisA kahA jAtA hai| vastutaH inameM pUrva yoni meM iSTa ke anveSaNa meM lage hue evaM adhikatayA zubhakarmakartA evaM svarga se patita hokara yahA~ utpanna hue sabhI sattva bhI rAgacarita hI hote hoM aura dUsare dveSa-mohacaritaaisI bAta nahIM hai| isI prakAra dhAtuoM kI pUrvokta vidhi dvArA koI vizada ( vyApaka) niyama sUcita nahIM hotA / doSa niyama meM bhI rAga aura moha-do kA hI ullekha hai, aura yaha bhI pUrvApara krama se paraspara viruddha hI hai| evaM zraddhAcaryA Adi meM se eka kA bhI kAraNa isa viSaya meM nahIM batalAyA gyaa| isaliye yaha saba anizcita (aparicchinna) kathana hI hai| 19. aTThakathA ke AcAryoM ke matAnusAra isa SaTtva kA vinizcaya (nirNaya) isa prakAra haivizada (=pradhAna, utsada) ke spaSTIkaraNa meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai

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144 visuddhimagga balavanto dosamohA mandA, tassa mando alobho lobhaM pariyAdAtuM na skkoti| adosAmohA pana balavanto dosamohe pariyAdAtuM skkonti| tasmA so tena kammena dinnapaTisandhivasena nibbatto luddho hoti sukhasIlo akodhano paJavA vjiruupmnyaanno| "yassa pana kammAyUhanakkhaNe lobhadosA balavanto honti alobhAdosA mandA, amoho ca balavA moho mando, so purimanayeneva luddho ceva hoti duTTho ca / paJavA pana hoti vajirUpamANo dattAbhayattharo viy| "yassa kammAyUhanakkhaNe lobhAdosamohA balavanto honti itare mandA, so purimanayeneva luddho ceva hoti dandho ca, sIlako pana hoti akkodhano bahulatthero viy|| "tathA yassa kammAyUhanakkhaNe tayo pi lobhadosamohA balavanto honti alobhAdayo mandA, so purimanayeneva luddho ceva hoti, duTTho ca mULho c| "yassa pana kammAyUhanakkhaNe alobhadosamohA balavanto honti itare mandA, so. purimanayeneva aluddho appakileso hoti, dibbArammaNaM pi disvA niccalo, duTTho pana hoti dandhapo c| "yassa pana kammAyUhanakkhaNe alobhAdosamohA balavanto honti itare mandA, so purimanayeneva aluddho ceva hoti aduTTho ca sIlako ca, dandho pana hoti| "tathA yassa kammAyUhanakkhaNe alobhadosAmohA balavanto honti itare mandA, so purimanayeneva aluddho ceva hoti paJavA ca, duTTho ca pana hoti kodhno| "ye sattva pUrva hetuniyama ke kAraNa, pUrvakRta karmoM ke saMskAravaza, lobhapradhAna, dveSapradhAna, mohapradhAna, alobhapradhAna, adveSapradhAna aura amohapradhAna hote haiN| "jisa (pudgala) kI pratisandhi (=karma-AyUhana) ke kSaNa meM lobha balavAn hotA hai aura alobha manda, adveSa-amoha balavAn hote haiM aura dveSa-moha manda, usakA manda alobha lobha ko abhUibhUta nahIM kara sakatA; kintu usake adveSa evaM amoha balavAn hone ke kAraNa dveSa aura moha ko abhibhUta kara sakate haiN| isIliye vaha usa karma ke dvArA dI gayI pratisandhi ke kAraNa utpanna hone se lobhI, vilAsI (=sukhazIla) akrodhI, prajJAvAn evaM vajasadRza jJAna vAlA hotA hai| ___"kintu jisakI pratisandhi ke kSaNa meM lobha aura dveSa balavAn hote haiM evaM alobha tathA adveSa manda, amoha balavAna hotA hai moha manda, vaha pahale kahI gayI vidhi ke anusAra hI lobhI evaM dveSI hotA hai, kintu prajJAvAn evaM vaja ke samAna jJAna vAlA hotA hai; dattAbhaya sthavira ke smaan| "jisakI pratisandhi ke kSaNa meM lobha, adveSa aura moha balavAn hote haiM evaM anya manda, vaha pahale kahI gayI vidhi ke anusAra hI lobhI aura manda (mandabuddhi yA alasa) hotA hai, kintu vaha zIlavAn akrodhI bhI hotA hai, jaise bAhula sthavira the| _ "evaM jisakI pratisandhi ke kSaNa meM, dveSa evaM moha tIno hI balavAn hote hai evaM alobha Adi manda, vaha pUrvokta vidhi ke anusAra hI bhogI, dveSI aura mUDha hotA hai| "kintu jisakI pratisandhi ke kSaNa meM alobha, dveSa evaM moha balavAn hote haiM evaM anya manda, vaha pUrvokta vidhi ke anusAra hI nirlobha evaM alpa klezoM vAlA hotA hai| divya Alambano ko dekhakara bhI Asthara (=citta) nahIM hotaa| kintu dveSI aura manda-buddhi hotA hai|| "jisakI pratisandhi ke kSaNa meM alobha, adveSa evaM moha balavAna hote haiM evaM anya manda, vaha pUrvokta vidhi ke anusAra hI nirlobha aura adveSI hotA hai, kintu zIlavAn aura mandabuddhi bhI hotA hai|

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 145 44 'yassa pana kammAyUhanakkhaNe tayo pi alobhAdosAmohA balavanto honti lobhAdayo mandA, so purimanayeneva mahAsaGgharakkhitatthero viya, aluddho aduTTho paJJavA ca hoti " ti / (ma0 aTTha02 / 373/74) ettha ca yo luddho vutto, ayaM rAgacarito / duTThadandhA dosamohacaritA / paJJavA buddhirito / aluddhaaTThA pasannapakatitAya saddhAcaritA / yathA vA amohaparivArena kammunA nibbatto buddhicarito, evaM balavasaddhAparivArena kammunA nibbatto saddhAcarito, kAmavitakkAdiparivArena kammunA nibbatto vitakkacarito, lobhAdinA vomissaparivArena kammunA nibbatto vomissacarito ti| evaM lobhAdIsu aJJataraJjataraparivAraM paTisandhijanakaM kammaM cariyAnaM nidAnaM ti veditabbaM // 20. yaM pana vRttaM - " kathaM ca jAnitabbaM - 'ayaM puggalo rAgacarito' " ti Adi / tatrAyaM nayo iriyApathato kiccA bhojanA dassanAdito / dhammappavattito ceva cariyAyo vibhAvaye // ti // 21. tattha iriyApathato ti rAgacarito hi pakatigamanena gacchanto cAturiyena gacchati, saNikaM pAdaM nikkhipati, samaM nikkhipati, samaM uddharati, ukkuTikaM cassa padaM hoti / dosacarito pAdaggehi khaNanto viya gacchati, sahasA pAdaM nikkhipati sahasA uddharati, anukaDDitaM cassa padaM hoti / mohacarito paribyAkulAya gatiyA gacchati, chambhito viya padaM nikkhipati, jisakI pratisandhi ke kSaNa meM alobha, adveSa, amoha balavAn hoM aura dUsare manda vaha pUrvokta vidhi se nirlobha evaM prajJAvAn hotA hai sAtha hI dveSI evaM krodhI bhI / " kintu jisakI pratisandhi ke kSaNa meM alobha, adveSa, amoha tInoM hI balavAn hote haiM evaM lobha Adi manda vaha pUrvokta vidhi ke anusAra hI mahAsaGgharakSita sthavira ke samAna, nirlobha, adveSa evaM prajJAvAn hotA hai|" (ma0 aTTha0) yahA~ jise 'lobhI' kahA gayA hai, vaha rAgacarita hai| dveSI (= dviSTa) evaM manda kramazaH dveSacarita evaM mohacarita haiN| prajJAvAn buddhicarita hai| nirlobha evaM adveSa prasanna (zraddhAlu) prakRti ke hone ke kAraNa zraddhAcarita haiN| athavA, jo amoha ke sAtha rahane vAle karma se utpanna hai, vaha buddhicarita haiN| isI prakAra jo balavatI zraddhA ke sAtha rahane vAle karma se utpanna hai, vaha zraddhAcarita hai| kAma, vitarka Adi ke sAtha rahane vAle karma se utpanna vitarkacarita hai| jo lobha Adi ke mizraNa ke sAtha rahane vAle karma se utpanna hai, vaha mizrita carita hai| isa prakAra lobha Adi meM se isa yA usa ke sAtha rahane vAle pratisandhijanaka karma ko caryA kA kAraNa jAnanA cAhiye / / pudgala ke rAgacaritatva Adi jAnane kI vidhi 20. kintu jo yaha kahAM gayA hai- "kaise jAnanA cAhiye ki yaha pudgala rAgacarita hai?" Adi; usa viSaya meM vidhi hai - "IryApatha, kRtya (karma), bhojana, darzana Adi evaM dharma kI pravRtti se bhI ye caryAe~ jAnI jA sakatI haiN|" 21. unameM, IryApatha se - 1 rAgacarita jaba svAbhAvika gati se calatA hai taba sAvadhAnI ke sAtha calatA hai, dhIre-dhIre paira rakhatA hai, eka samAna gati se rakhatA hai, eka samAna gati se uThAtA hai| usake pairoM kA madhya bhAga pRthvI kA sparza nahIM karatA / 2. dveSacarita pairoM ke agrabhAga se pRthvI ko mAnoM khanate hue calatA hai| jaldI-jaldI paira rakhatA hai, jaldI-jaldI uThAtA hai| vaha paira rakhatA hai to

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146 visuddhimagga chambhito vi uddharati, sahasAnupILitaM cassa padaM hoti / vRttaM pi cetaM mAgaNDiya - suttuppattiyaM " rattassa hi ukkuTikaM padaM bhave, duTThassa hoti anukaDDitaM padaM / 1 mULahassa hoti sahasAnupILitaM, vivaTTacchadassa idamIdisaM padaM " // ti // ThAnaM pi rAgacaritassa pAsAdikaM hoti madhurAkAraM, dosacaritassa thaddhAkAraM, mohacaritassa AkulAkAraM / nisajjAya pi eseva nyo| rAgacarito ca ataramAno samaM seyyaM paJJapetvA saNikaM nipajjitvA aGgapaccaGgAni samodhAya pAsAdikena AkArena sayati, vuTThApiyamAno ca sIghaM avuTThAya saGkito viya saNikaM paTivacanaM deti / dosacarito taramAno yathA vA tathA vA seyyaM paJJApetvA pakkhittakAyo bhAkuTiM katvA sayati, vuTThApiyamAno ca sIghaM vuTThAya kupito viya paTivacanaM deti / mohacarito dussaNThAnaM seyyaM paJJApetvA vikkhittakAyo bahulaM adhomukho sayati, vuTThApiyamAno ca huGkAraM karonto dandhaM vuTThAti / saddhAcaritAdayo pana yasmA rAgacaritAdInaM sabhAgA, tasmA tesaM pi tAdiso va iriyApatho hotI ti // (1) evaM tAva iriyApathato cariyAyo vibhAvaye // kiccA ti / sammajjanAdIsu ca kiccesu rAgacarito sAdhukaM sammajjaniM gatvA ataramAno vAlikaM avippakiranto sindubArakusumasantharamiva sandharanto saddhaM samaM sammajjati / dosacarito gALhaM sammajjaniM gahetvA taramAnarUpo ubhato vAlikaM ussArento kharena saddena aisA lagatA hai mAnoM khIMca-khIMca kara rakha rahA ho / 3. mohacarita har3abar3AyA huA sA calatA hai, hicakicAtA huA paira rakhatA hai aura hicakicAtA huA hI uThAtA hai, pRthvI ko ekAeka dabAtA huA sA paira rakhatA hai| mAgaNDiyasUtra kI upapatti (vyAkhyAkrama) meM bhI kahA gayA hai "rAgarakta kA pada-nikSepa madhyabhAga se pRthvI kA sparza na karane vAlA (= ukkuTika) hotA hai| dveSI kA pada khIMca kara rakhA jAnevAlA (= anukaDita) hotA hai| mUr3ha kA sahasA dabAne vAlA (= sahasAnupIr3ita ) evaM vivarttacchada (=klezarahita hokara bhavapAragAmI) kA pada isa prakAra kA hotA hai|" khar3e hone kI kriyA kA DhaMga bhI rAgacarita kA dUsaroM ke liye prasannatA (zraddhA) utpanna karane vAlA evaM sundara hotA hai, dveSacarita kA akar3a (garva) ke sAtha evaM mohacarita kA caJcalatA (har3abar3I) ke saath| baiThane kI kriyA meM bhI aisA hI hai| rAgacarita vinA kisI vyAkulatA ke, bistara ko ThIka se dhIre-dhIre bichAkara, aGga-pratyaGgoM ko sameTa kara sundara DhaMga se sotA hai| uThAye jAne para sahasA na uThakara, sazaGkita - sA dhIre se uttara detA hai| dveSacarita jaldI-jaldI, jaise-taise bistara bichAkara, zarIra ko bistara para pheMke hue sA, nAka-bhauM car3hAye hue sotA hai| uThAye jAne para bhI sahasA uThakara, krodhita ke samAna uttara detA hai| mohacarita UTapaTA~ga DhaMga se bistara bichAkara, zarIra ko vikSipta jaisA karake, prAyaH nIce kI ora mu~ha kiye hue sotA hai evaM uThAye jAne para 'hU~' karatA huA sustI ke sAtha uThatA hai| zraddhArahita Adi cU~ki rAgacarita Adi ke samAna caryA vAle haiM, ataH unakA bhI vaisA hI IryApatha hotA hai / / isa prakAra IryApatha ke anusAra caryAoM ko jAnanA cAhiye / / kRtya se- jhADU lagAne (saphAI) Adi ke kAryoM meM, rAgacarita acchI taraha se jhADU pakar3akara dhIre dhIre bAlU ko na chIMTate hue jaise koI sindubAra (= nirguNDI) ke phUla baTora rahA ho, vaise baTorate sahI DhaMga se evaM sabhI sthAnoM para eka samAna jhADU lagAtA hai| dveSacarita dRr3hatA se jhAr3U pakar3a kara,

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 147 asuddhaM visamaM smmjjti| mohacarito sithilaM sammajaniM gahetvA samparivattakaM AloLayamAno asuddhaM visamaM smmjjti| __yathA sammajane, evaM cIvaradhovanarajanAdIsupi sabbakiccesu nipuNamadhurasamasakaccakArI rAgacarito, gALahathaddhavisamakArI dosacarito, anipuNabyAkulavisamAparicchinnakArI mohcrito| cIvaradhAraNaM pi ca rAgacaritassa nAtigALhaM natisithilaM hoti pAsAdikaM parimaNDalaM / dosacaritassa atigALhaM aprimnnddlN| mohacaritassa sithilaM pribyaakulN| saddhAcaritAdayo tesaM yevAnusArena veditabbA, taMsabhAgattA ti // (2) evaM kiccato cariyAyo vibhaavye|| bhojanA ti| rAgacarito siniddhamadhurabhojanappiyo hoti, bhuJjamAno ca nAtimahantaM parimaNDalaM AlopaM katvA rasapaTisaMvedI ataramAno bhuJjati, kiJcideva ca sAduM labhitvA somanassaM aapjjti| dosacarito lUkhaambalabhojanappiyo hoti, bhuJjamAno ca mukhapUrakaM AlopaM katvA arasapaTisaMvedI taramAno bhuJjati, kiJcideva ca asAdu labhitvA domanassaM aapjjti| mohacarito aniyataruciko hoti, bhuJjamAno ca aparimaNDalaM parittamAlopaM katvA bhAjane chaDDento mukhaM makkhento vikkhittacito taM taM vitakkento bhunyjti|sddhaacritaadyo pi tesaM yevAnusArena veditabbA, taMsabhAgattA ti|| (3) evaM bhojanato cariyAyo vibhaavye|| dassanAdito ti| rAgacarito IsakaM pi manoramaM rUpaM disvA vimhayajAto viya ciraM jaldI-jaldI donoM ora bAlU ur3Ate hue karkaza zabda ke sAtha galata DhaMga se aura AdhA adhUrA jhADU lagAtA hai| mohacarita jhADU ko DhIlA pakar3ate hue cAroM tarapha bikheratA huA sA jhADU lagAtA hai| jisa prakAra jhADU lagAne meM, usI prakAra cIvaroM ke dhone, ra~gane Adi sabhI kRtyoM meM bhI nipuNatA va sundaratA ke sAtha, eka samAna evaM Adara ke sAtha karane vAlA rAgacarita; kasa-kasa kara, akar3a ke sAtha, asamAna rUpa se kArya karane vAlA dveSacarita hotA hai| phUhar3apana ke sAtha, ghabar3AhaTa ke sAtha, asamAna rUpa se aura anizcaya ke sAtha karane vAlA mohacarita hotA hai| cIvara dhAraNa bhI rAgacarita kA na to adhika kasA aura na hI adhika DhIlA, dekhane meM acchA lagane vAlA aura cAroM ora se barAbara hotA hai| dveSacarita kA cIvara bahuta kasA huA aura U~cA-nIcA hotA hai| mohacarita kA DhIlA-DhAlA aura asta-vyasta / zraddhAcarita Adi ko bhI unhIM ke anusAra jAnanA cAhiye, unake samAnadharmA hone se|| . isa prakAra kRtya se caryAoM ko jAnanA caahiye| bhojana se- rAgacarita ko snigdha aura madhura bhojana priya hotA hai aura bhojana karate samaya vaha bahuta bar3A nahIM, apitu sAmAnya AkAra kA gola-gola grAsa banAkara svAda lete hue dhIre dhIre khAtA hai| thor3A-sA bhI svAdu bhojana use priya hotA hai dveSacarita ko thor3A bhI sUkhA yA aura khaTTA bhojana priya hotA hai| khAte samaya mu~ha bhara jAya-itanA bar3A grAsa banAkara, svAda ke prati udAsIna rahatA huA jaldI jaldI khAtA hai| thor3A sA bhI nIrasa (bhojana) pAkara vaha aprasanna ho jAtA hai| mohacarita kI ruci aniyata hotI hai vaha bhojana karate samaya choTA choTA aura Ter3hA meDhA grAsa banAkara bartana meM chIMTatA huA, mukha meM lagAtA huA, vikSipta citta ke sAtha, yaha vaha aisA-vaisA vitarka karate hue khAtA hai| zraddhAcarita Adi ko bhI unhI ke anusAra jAnanA cAhiye, unake samAnadharmA hone se / / isa prakAra : na ke anusAra caryAo ko jAnanA caahiye||

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148 visuddhimagga oloketi, parittaM pi guNe sajjati, bhUtaM pi dosaM na gaNhAti, pakkamanto pi amuJcitukAmo va hutvA sApekkho pkkmti| dosacarito IsakaM pi amanoramaM rUpaM disvA kilantarUpo viya na ciraM oloketi, paritte pi dose paTihAti, bhUtaM pi guNaM na gaNhAti, pakkamanto pi muJcitukAmo va hutvA anapekkho pkkmti| mohacarito yaM kiJci rUpaM disvA parapaccayiko hoti, paraM nindantaM sutvA nindati, pasaMsantaM sutvA pasaMsati, sayaM pana aJaANupekkhAya upekkhako va hoti| esa nayo sadasavanAdIsu pi| saddhAcaritAdayo pana tesaM yevAnusArena veditabbA, taMsabhAgattA ti|| (4) evaM dassanAdito cariyAyo vibhaavye|| dhammappavattito cevA ti| rAgacaritassa ca mAyA, sATheyyaM, mAno, pApicchatA, mahicchatA, asantuTThitA, siGgaM, cApalyaM ti evamAdayo dhammA bahulaM pavattanti / dosacaritassa kodho, upanAho, makkho, paLAso, issA, macchariyaM ti evmaadyo| mohacaritassa thInaM, middhaM, uddhaccaM, kukkuccaM, vicikicchA, AdAnaggAhitA, duppaTinissaggitA ti evmaadyo| saddhAcaritassa muttacAgatA, ariyAnaM dassanakAmatA, saddhammaM sotukAmatA, pAmojjabahulatA, asaThatA, amAyAvitA, pasAdanIyesu ThAnesu pasAdo ti evmaadyo| buddhicaritassa sovacassatA, kalyANamittatA, bhojane mattaJjutA, satisampajanaM, jAgariyAnuyogo, saMvejanIyesu ThAnesu saMvego, saMviggassa ca yoniso padhAnaM ti evmaadyo| vitakacaritassa bhassabahulatA, darzana Adi se- rAgacarita yadi kahIM thor3A bhI manorama rUpa dekhatA hai to use dera taka cakita sA dekhatA rahatA hai| sAdhAraNa guNoM ke prati bhI vaha AkarSita ho jAtA hai| doSa ke hone para bhI usakA grahaNa nahIM karatA, usa para dhyAna nahIM detA / prasthAna karate samaya duHkhI hokara isa prakAra vahA~ se jAtA hai mAno chor3akara jAne kI icchA na ho rahI ho| dveSacarita thor3A bhI amanorama rUpa dekhakara use dera taka nahIM dekhatA raha sakatA, mAno klAnta ho gayA ho| choTe-choTe doSoM para bhI usakI dRSTi par3a jAtI hai| jo guNa vartamAna haiM, unako bhI grahaNa nahIM karatA / prasthAna karate samaya, duHkhI na hote hue bhI vahA~ se isa prakAra jAtA hai mAno pIchA chur3AnA cAha rahA ho| mohacarita kisI bhI rUpa ko dekhate samaya dUsaroM kA anukaraNa karatA hai| dUsaroM ko nindA karate suna kara nindA karatA hai, prazaMsA karate sunakara prazaMsA karatA hai, kintu svayaM ajJAnajanya upekSA se yukta hotA hai| zabda-zravaNa Adi ke bAre meM bhI aisA hI hai| zraddhAcarita Adi ko bhI, unake samAnadharmA hone se, unhIM ke anusAra jAnanA caahiye| isa prakAra darzana Adi ke anusAra caryAoM ko jAnanA caahiye|| dharmapravRtti se bhI- rAgacarita meM mAyA, zAThya, mAna, pApa kI icchA, mahattvAkAMkSA, asantoSa, banAva-zRGgAra, caJcalatA Adi dharma adhikatA se rahate haiN| dveSacarita meM krodha, upanAha (baddhavairatA), mrakSa (dUsare ke guNoM ko Age na Ane dene vAlA), pradAza (niSThuratA), IrSyA, mAtsarya (kRpaNatA) Adi; mohacarita meM styAna (mAnasika Alasya), mRddha (zArIrika Alasya), auddhatya (uddhatatA), kaukRtya (pazcAttApa), vicikitsA (zaGkA-sandeha) AdAnagrAhitA (haThadharmitA) duSpratinisargitA (apane durAgraha para sthira rahanA) Adi; zraddhAcarita meM muktahasta ho dAna karane kI pravRtti, AryoM ke darzana meM ruci, saddharmazravaNa kI icchA, prasannatA kA Adhikya, saralatA, sahajatA, prasanna hone ke avasara para prasanna honA Adi; buddhicarita meM AjJAkAritA, kalyANamitra kI saGgati, bhojana meM mAtrA kA jJAna, smRti eva sajagatA (samprajanya), jAgaraNazIla honA, saMvega ke avasaroM meM saMvega, prApta saMvega ke viSaya meM

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 149 gaNArAmatA, kusalAnuyoge arati, anavaTTitakiccatA, rattiM dhUmAyanA, divA pajjalanA, hurAhuraM dhAvanA ti evamAdayo dhammA bahulaM pavattantI ti|| (5) evaM dhammappavattito cariyAyo vibhaavye|| 22. yasmA pana idaM cariyAvibhAvanavidhAnaM sabbAkArena neva pALiyaM, na aTThakathAyaM AgataM, kevalaM AcariyamatAnusArena vuttaM, tasmA na sArato paccetabbaM / rAgacaritassa hi vuttAni iriyApathAdIni dosacaritAdayo pi appamAdavihArino kAtuM sakkonti / saMsaTTacaritassa ca puggalassa ekasseva bhinnalakkhaNA iriyApathAdayo na uppjnti| yaM panetaM aTThakathAsa cariyAvibhAvana-vidhAnaM vuttaM, tadeva sArato paccetabbaM / vuttaM hetaM-"cetopariyANassa lAbhI Acariyo cariyaM JatvA kammaTThAnaM kathessati, itarena antevAsiko pucchitabbo"( ) ti| tasmA cetopariyANena vA taM vA puggalaM pucchitvA jAnitabbaM-ayaM puggalo rAgacarito, ayaM dosAdIsu aJjataracarito ti| 23. kiM caritassa puggalassa kiM sappAyaM ti| ettha pana senAsanaMtAva rAgacaritassa adhotavedikaM bhUmaTThakaM akatapabbhArakaM tiNakuTikaM paNNasAlAdInaM aJjataraM rajokiNNaM jatukAbharitaM, oluggaviluggaM ati uccaM vA atinIcaM vA ujjaGgalaM sAsavaM asuci visamamaggaM, yattha maJcapIThaM pi maGkaNabharitaM durUpaM dubbaNNaM, yaM olokentasseva jigucchA uppajjati, sppaayN| nivAsanapArupanaM antacchinnaM olambavilambasuttakAkiNNaM samyaka rUpa se prayAsa karanA Adi; vitarkacarita meM vAcAlatA, sAmAjikatA, kuzala ke prati rati na honA, jisa kArya kA uttaradAyitva liyA ho use pUrA na karanA, rAtabhara dhuMAte rahanA, dinabhara jalate rahanA, mana ko idhara udhara daur3Ate rahanA-Adi dharma adhikatA se rahate haiN|| isa prakAra dharmapravRtti ke anusAra caryAoM ko jAnanA caahiye|| 22. AcArya kA mata-cU~ki caryAoM ko pahacAnane ke viSaya meM pUrvokta vidhAna samagrataH na to pAli (=tripiTaka) meM, na hI aTThakathAoM meM prApta hotA hai, apitu kevala AcAryoM ke matAnusAra kahA gayA hai; ataH ise prAmANika nahIM mAnanA cAhiye / kyoMki, udAharaNa ke rUpa meM rAgacarita ke liye jo IryApatha Adi batalAye gaye haiM, unheM apramAda ke sAtha vihAra karane vAle dveSacarita bhI pUrNa kara sakate hai| sAtha hI, mizritacarita vAle vyakti ke IryApatha Adi viziSTa lakSaNoM ko jAnane kA jo vidhAna batalAyA gayA hai, use hI prAmANika mAnanA caahiye| kahA bhI gayA hai-"cetaHparyAyajJAna (=para-citta kA jJAna) jise prApta ho, aisA hI AcArya (ziSya kI) caryA ko jAnakara use karmasthAna batalAyagA / anya (jise aisA jJAna prApta nahIM hai) ko ziSya se prazna pUchanA cAhiye aura una praznoM kA vaha jo uttara de, unhIM ke AdhAra para usake svabhAva ko samajhanA caahiye|" isa prakAra ceta paryAyajJAna se yA usa vyakti se pUchakara jAnanA cAhiye ki yaha vyakti rAgacarita hai yA dveSa Adi kisI anya carita kA hai| 23 kisa carita ke vyakti ke liye kyA anukUla hai?- inameM rAgacarita ke liye (ka) aisA zayanAsana anukUla hai jo ki aparizuddha vedI vAlA, bhUmi para hI banAyA huA, jisameM chajjA (=pabbhAra) na ho, ghAsa-phUsa kI jhopar3I yA parNakuTI Adi meM se koI eka, dhUla se bharA, jahA~ camagAdar3a bahutAyata se rahate ho, dolAyamAna (=hilatA-DulatA) ho, bahuta U~cA yA bahuta nIcA, jaGgala se ghirA huA, jahA~ (jagalI jAnavaroM Adi kA) AtaGka ho, jahA~ jAne kA rAstA gandA aura U~cA-nIcA (Ubar3a-khAbar3a) ho, jahA~ caukI-cArapAI bhI khaTamaloM se bharI aura itanI bhaddI ho ki dekhate hI aruci utpanna ho jAya /

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150 visuddhimagga jAlapUvasadisaM, sANi viya kharasamphassaM kiliTuM bhArikaM kicchapariharaNaM sappAyaM / patto pi dubbaNNo mattikApatto vA ANigaNThikAhato ayopatto vA garuko dussaNThAno sIsakapAlamiva jeguccho vttttti| bhikkhAcAramaggo pi amanApo anAsannagAmo visamo vttttti| bhikkhAcAragAmo pi yattha manussA apassantA viya caranti, yattha ekakule pi bhikkhaM alabhitvA nikkhamantaM "ehi, bhante" ti AsamasAlaM pavesetvA yAgubhattaM datvA gacchantA gAvI viya vaje pavasetvA anavalokentA gacchanti, tAdiso vaTTati / parivisakamanussA pi dAsA vA kammakarA vA dubbaNNA duddasikA kiliTThavasanA duggandhA jegucchA, ye acittIkArena yAgubhattaM chaDDentA viya parivisanti, tAdisA sppaayaa| yAgubhatsakhajakaM pi lUkhaM dubbaNaM sAmAkakudrUsakakaNAjakAdimayaM pUtitakaM bilaGgaM jiNNasAkasUpeyyaM, yaM kiJcideva kevalaM udarapUramattaM vaTTati / iriyApatho pissa ThAnaM vA caGkamo vA vttttti|aarmmnnN nIlAdIsu vaNNakasiNesu yaM kiJci aparisuddhavaNNaM ti| idaM rAgacaritassa sppaayN| (1) dosacaritassa senAsanaM nAtiuccaM nAtinIcaM chAyUdakasampannaM suvibhattabhittidhammasopAnaM supariniTThitamAlAkammalatAkammanAnAvidhacitakammasamujjalaM samasiniddhamudubhUmitalaM, brahmavi (kha) pahanane-or3hane ke kapar3e bhI aise hoM ki jinake kinAre phaTe hue hoM, jagaha-jagaha jAlIdAra pue ke samAna sUta nikala rahA ho, jinakA sparza sana kI taraha rUkhA ho, jo maile, bhArI evaM kaThinAI se le jAne yogya hoN| (ga) pAtra (meM) bhaddA raGga, anagar3ha peMde aura jor3oM vAlA miTTI kA pAtra yA bhArI aura anagaDha, kapAla kI taraha jugupsA utpanna karane vAlA lohe kA pAtra vihita hai| (gha) bhikSATana kA mArga bhI aisA honA cAhiye jo manorama na ho, grAma ke samIpa na ho aura Ubar3a-khAbar3a ho| (Ga) jahA~ vaha bhikSATana ke liye jAya. vaha grAma bhI aisA ho jahA~ loga use anadekhA (upekSA) karate hue ghUmate rahate ho, jahA~ eka bhI kula se bhikSA na pAkara prasthAna karate samaya 'Aiye, bhante' kahakara Asana-zAlA meM praveza karA kara loga yavAgU-bhAta dekara isa prakAra cale jAte ho jaise gAya ko pazuzAlA meM ghusAkara loga (pIche mur3akara) vinA dekhe hI cale jAyA karate haiN| (ca) parosane vAle dAsa yA karmacArI aise ho jo kAle-kalUTe, kurUpa, maile-kucaile vastra pahane hue. durgandhayukta, jugupsA utpanna karane vAle hoM aura jo yavAgU-bhAta ko isa prakAra upekSA se parosate hoM mAno pheMka rahe hoN| (cha) yavAgU-bhAta Adi khAdya bhI aisA honA cAhiye jo ki rUkhA-sUkhA, dekhane meM acchA na lagane vAlA, sAvA~, kodo, khuddI Adi se banA huA ho, sar3A maTThA, kAMjI, sUkhe-sar3e zAka kA sUpa" jo kucha bhI kevala peTa bharane mAtra ke liye ho| (ja) usake liye IryApatha meM kevala khar3e rahanA ya TahalanA vihita hai| (jha) Alambana ke rUpa meM nIla Adi varNa kasiNoM (kAtyA ) meM se koI aparizuddha varNa vihita haiM yaha (saba) rAgacarita ke liye anukUla haiN| (1) dveSacarita kA zayanAsana-(ka) na bahuta U~cA na bahuta nIcA, ucita chAyA aura jala se yukta. dIvAroM, khambhoM aura sIr3hiyoM ke dvArA acchI taraha se vibhAjita, mAlAoM aura latAoM se

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 151 mAnamiva kusumadAmavicitravaNNacelavitAnasamalaGkataM supaJattasucimanoramattharaNamaJcapIThaM, tattha vAsatthAya nikkhittakusumavAsagandhasugandhaM yaM dassanamatteneva pItipAmojaM janayati, evarUpaM sppaayN| tassa pana senAsanassa maggo pi sabbaparissayavimutto sucisamatalo alaGkatapaTiyatto va vttttti| senAsanaparikkhAro pettha kITamaGkuNadIghajAtimUsikAnaM nissayaparicchindanatthaM nAtibahuko, ekamaJcapIThamattameva vttttti| nivAsanapArupanaM pissa cInapaTTasomArapaTTakoseyyakappAsikasukhumakhomAdInaM yaM yaM paNItaM, tena tena ekapaTuM vA dupaTTe vA sallahukaM samaNasAruppena surattaM suddhavaNNaM vttttti| patto udakabubbuLamiva susaNThAno maNi viya sumaTTho nimmalo, samaNasAruppena suparisuddhavaNNo ayomayo vttttti| bhikkhAcAramaggo parissayavimutto samo manApo nAtidUranAccAsannagAmo vttttti| bhikkhAcAragAmo pi yattha manussA "idAni ayyo AgamissatI" ti sittasammaTTe padese AsanaM papetvA paccuggantvA pattaM AdAya gharaM pavesetvA paJattAsane nisIdApetvA sakaccaM sahatthA parivisanti, tAdiso vttttti| parivesakA panassa ye honti abhirUpA pAsAdikA sunhAtA suvilittA dhUpavAsakusumagandhasurabhino nAnAvirAgasucimanujJavatthAbharaNapaTimaNTitA sakkaccakArino, tAdisA sppaayaa| yAgubhattakhajakaM pivaNNagandharasasampannaM ojavantaM manoramaM sabbAkArapaNItaM yAvadatthaM vaTTati / iriyApatho susajjita, jo aneka prakAra kI citrakArI se suzobhita ho, jisakI sataha saba tarapha barAbara, cikanI aura mulAyama ho, jo brahmavimAna kI taraha phUloM kI jhAlaroM aura raMga-biraMge kapar3oM ke caMdove se susajjita ho, jahA~ rahane ke liye caukI-cArapAI aisI ho jisa para sApha-sundara bichAvana acchI taraha se bichAyA gayA ho, joki vahA~ bikhere gaye phUloM kI gandha se sugandhita ho, jise dekhate hI prIti aura pramoda utpanna ho jAya / (kha) usake zayanAzAsana kA mArga bhI sabhI prakAra ke upadravoM se rahita, sApha-sutharA, samatala, alaGkata hI honA cAhiye / zayanAsana meM sAja-sajjA bahuta-adhika na hoM, eka hI caukIcArapAI ho, jisase ki kIr3e, khaTamala, sA~pa, cUhe Adi kA upadrava na ho ske| (ga) usake pahanane or3hane ke vastra bhI cIna deza ke kapar3e, somAra deza ke kapar3e, silka, mahIna sUtI kapar3e, kSauma (eka prakAra kA rezamI kapar3A) Adi jo bhI uttama kapar3e haiM; unase bane hue ikahare yA duhare, halke evaM zramaNocita, acchI taraha se ra~ge hae aura parizaddha varNa ke hone caahiye| (gha) pAtra jala ke bulabule ke samAna sugar3ha (saba tarapha se barAbara gola), maNi ke samAna camakIlI kalaI se yukta, svaccha, zramaNocita, parizuddha varNa ke lohe kA banA huA honA caahiye| (Ga) bhikSATana kA mArga bhI upadravoM se rahita, samatala, sundara, na grAma se bahuta dUra aura na bahuta pAsa honA caahiye| (ca) jahA~ vaha bhikSATana ke liye jAya, vaha grAma bhI aisA honA cAhiye jahA~ ke loga 'aba Arya Ate hoMge -aisA socakara pAnI chir3akara, jhADU lagAkara sApha kiye sthAna para Asana bichAkara, Age bar3hakara pAtra lekara ghara meM praveza karAyeM aura bichAye gaye Asana para baiThA kara Adara ke sAtha apane hAtha se proseN| (cha) jo parosane vAle hoM ve sundara, mana prasanna kara dene vAle, acchI taraha se khAna kiye hue, (candana Adi kA) lepa lagAye hue, dhUpa, sugandhita puSpa Adi ke prayoga se alaMkRta ho aura Adara

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152 visuddhimagga pissa seyyA vA nisajjA vA vttttti| ArammaNaM nIlAdIsu vaNNakasiNesu yaM kiJci suparisuddhavaNNaM ti| idaM dosacaritassa sppaayN| (2) mohacaritassa senAsanaM disAmukhaM asambAdhaM vaTTati, yattha nisinnassa vivaTA disA khAyanti, iriyApathesu caGkamo vttttti| ArammaNaM panassa parittaM suppamattaM sarAvamattaM vA khuddakaM na vttttti| sambAdhasmi hi okAse cittaM bhiyyo sammohaM Apajjati, tasmA vipulaM mahAkasiNaM vttttti| sesaM dosacaritassa vuttasadisamevA ti| idaM mohacaritassa sppaayN| (3) saddhAcaritassa sabba pi dosacaritamhi vuttavidhAnaM sppaayN| ArammaNesu cassa anussatiTThAnaM pi vttttti| (4) buddhicaritassa senAsanAdIsu idaM nAma asappAyaM ti ntthi| (5) vitakkacaritassa senAsanaM vivaTaM disAmukhaM, yattha nisinnassa ArAmavanapokkharaNIrAmaNeyyakAni gAmanigamajanapadapaTipATiyo, nIlobhAsA ca pabbatA pAyanti, taM na vttttti| taM hi vitakavidhAvanasseva paccayo hoti| tasmA gambhIre darImukhe vanapaTicchanne hatthikucchipabbhAramahindaguhAsadise senAsane vasitabbaM / ArammaNaM pissa vipullaM na vttttti| tAdisaM hi vitakavasena sandhAvanassa paccayo hoti / parittaM pana karane vAle ho / yavAgU-bhAta (Adi) khAdya bhI dekhane meM acche sugandhita, susvAdu, pauSTika, rucikara, sabhI prakAra se zubha aura mana bhara kara khAne yogya (=paryApta mAtrA meM) honA usake liye vihita hai| (ja) Alambana nIlAdi varNa-kasiNoM meM se koI parizuddha varNa honA caahiye| yaha saba dveSacarita ke anukUla hai| (2) mohacarita kA zayanAsana-aisA honA cAhiye jo khulA huA ho, jahA~ baiThakara cAroM dizAoM meM dekhA jA ske| IryApathoM meM caMkramaNa vihita hai| isakA Alambana choTA nahIM honA cAhiye, arthAt jaise ki parimita, sUpa mAtra yA zarAva (=sakorA) mAtra arthAt isa prakAra ke laghu parimANa kA pRthvIkasiNa; kyoMki parimita sthAna meM citta aura bhI adhika sammUDha ho jAtA hai, isaliye vizAla mahAkasiNa vihita hai| zeSa dveSacarita ke liye kahe gaye ke samAna hI hai| yaha saba mohacarita ke liye anukUla hai| (3) addhAcarita ke liye dveSacarita ke viSaya meM kathita vidhAna anukUla hai| AlambanoM meM isake liye, parvokta ke atirikta, baddhAnasmRti Adi chaha karmasthAna bhI vihita hai| (4) buddhicarita ke liye to zayanAsana Adi ke viSaya meM aisA kucha bhI nahIM hai jo anukUla na ho| (5) vitarkacarita kA zayanAsana aisA nahI honA cAhiye jo khulA huA, dizAoM kI ora abhimukha ho aura jahA~ baiThakara bAga-bagIce, vana, tAlAba Adi suramya sthAna, grAma, nigama, janapada ThIka se dikhalAyI par3ate ho aura nIlAbha parvata dikhalAyI par3ate hoM; kyoMki vaha saba to vitarka ke idhara-udhara daur3ane (=kalpanA kI ur3Ana) kA hI kAraNa hogA! isa liye use gaharI guphA ke dvAra para, vana se ghire hue, hastikukSipabbhAra (=lakA meM eka parvata-guphA) aura mahendraguphA (=anurAdhapura meM Aja bhI vartamAna aura mahendra sthavira kA zayanAsana raha cukI eka guphA) ke samAna zayanAsana meM rahanA caahiye| isake liye Alambana bhI vipula (=vistRta) nahIM honA caahiye| usa prakAra kA Alambana to vitarka ke utpanna hone se mana ke idhara-udhara daur3ane kA hI kAraNa hotA hai| ataH isake liye

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 153 vttttti| sesaM rAgacaritassa vuttasadisamevA ti| idaM vitakkacaritassa sppaayN| (6) ayaM attano cariyAnukUlaM ti ettha AgatacariyAnaM pabhedanidAnavibhAvanasappAyaparicchedato vitthaaro| . cattAlIsakammaTThAnakathA na ca tAva cariyAnukUlaM kammaTThAnaM sabbAkArena aaviktN| taM hi anantarassa mAtikApadassa vitthAre sayameva aavibhvissti|| 24. tasmA yaM vuttaM "cattAlIsAya kammaTThAnesu aJjataraM kammaTThAnaM gahetvA" ti, ettha-1. saGghAtaniddesato, 2.upacArappanAvahato, 3.jhAnappabhedato, 4.samatikamato, 5.vaDanAvaTa-nato, 6.ArammaNato, 7.bhUmito, 8.gahaNato, 9.paccayato, 10.cariyAnukUlato ti imehi tAva dasahAkArehi kammaTThAnavinicchayo veditbbo| 25. tattha saGghAtanidesato ti| "cattAlIsAya kammaTThAnesU" ti hi vuttaM, tatrimAni cattAlIsa kammaTThAnAni-dasa kasiNA, dasa asubhA, dasa anussatiyo, cattAro brahmavihArA, cattAro AruppA, ekA sA, ekaM vavatthAnaM ti| tattha-1. pathavIkasiNaM, 2. ApokasiNaM, 3. tejokasiNaM, 4. vAyokasiNaM, 5.nIlakasiNaM, 6.pItakasiNaM, 7. lohatakasiNaM, 8. odAtakasiNaM, 9. AlokakasiNaM, 10.paricchinnAkAsakasiNaM ti ime dasa ksinnaa| 1. uddhamAtakaM, 2. vinIlakaM, 3. vipubbakaM, 4. vicchiddakaM, 5. vikkhAyatikaM, Alambana parimita hI vihita hai| zeSa rAgacarita ke liye varNita ke samAna hI hai| yaha saba vitarkacarita ke liye anukUla hai| (6) yaha attano cariyAnukUlaM' meM AyI caryAoM ke prabheda, nidAna, pahacAna evaM anukUlatA-nirdhAraNa Adi ke anusAra vyAkhyA hai|| itane para bhI caryAnukUla karmasthAna kA sarvAMzataH vyAkhyAna nahIM ho paayaa| vaha to Age mAtRkA-padoM ke vyAkhyAnaprasaGga meM svayaM hI vivRta ho jaaygaa| cAlIsa karmasthAna 24. isaliye, jo kahA gayA hai ki-"cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM se kisI eka karmasthAna kA grahaNa karake"-isameM karmasthAna kA vinizcaya ina dasa ke anusAra jAnanA cAhiye 1. saGkhyAnirdeza ke anusAra evaM 2. upacAra tathA arpaNA ke vAhaka, 3. dhyAna ke prabheda, 4. samatikramaNa, 5. vardhana tathA avardhana, 6. Alambana, 7. bhUmi, 8.grahaNa, 9. pratyaya tathA 10. caryA kI anukUlatA ke anusaar| 25. saMkhyAnirdeza ke anusAra- "cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM kisI karmasthAna kA grahaNa kara"isa prakAra kahA gayA thaa| ve cAlIsa karmasthAna ye haiM-10 kasiNa (kAtya), 10 azubha, 10 anusmRtiyA~, 4. brahmavihAra, 4 ArUpya, 1 saMjJA tathA 1 vyavasthAna (=40) / inameM dasa kasiNa ye haiM- 1. pRthvIkasiNa, 2. jalakasiNa, 3 tejakasiNa, 4. vAyukasiNa, 5.nIlakasiNa, 6. pItakasiNa, 7. lohita (lAla) kasiNa, 8. zvetakasiNa, 9. AlokakasiNa evaM 10. pricchinnaakaashksinn| dasa azubha haiM-1. uddhamAtaka (=phUlA huA zava), 2. vinIlaka (=nIlA par3a cukA zava),

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154 visuddhimagga 6. vikkhittakaM, 7. hatavikkhitakaM, 8. lohitakaM, 9. puLuvakaM, 10. aTThakaM ti ime dasa asubhaa| 1. buddhAnussati, 2. dhammAnussati, 3. saGghAnussati, 4. sIlAnussati, 5. cAgAnussati, 6. devatAnussati, 7. maraNAnussati, 8. kAyagatAsati, 9. AnApAnassati, 10. upasamAnussati ti imA dasa anusstiyo| 1. mettA, 2. karuNA, 3. muditA, 4. upekkhA ti ime cattAro brhmvihaaraa| 1. AkAsAnaJcAyatanaM, 2. vijJANaJcAyatanaM, 3. AkiJcAyatanaM, 4. nevasaJAnAsAyatanaM ti ime cattAro aaruppaa| AhAre paTikUlasA ekaa.saa| catudhAtuvavatthAnaM ekaM vavatthAnaM ti| evaM saGghAtaniddesato vinicchayo veditabbo // (1) 26. upacArappanAvahato ti|tthpetvaa kAyagatAsatiM ca AnApAnassatiM ca avasesA aTThaanussatiyo, AhAre paTikUlasA , catudhAtuvavatthAnaM ti imAneva hettha dasa kammaTTAnAni upacArAvahAni, sesAni appnaavhaani| evaM upacArappanAvahato // (2). 27. jhAnappabhedato ti| appanAvahesu cettha AnApAnassatiyA saddhiM dasa kasiNA catukajjhAnikA honti| kAyagatAsatiyA saddhiM dasa asubhA ptthmjjhaanikaa| purimA tayo brahmavihArA tikajjhAnikA / catutthabrahmavihAro cattAro ca AruppA catutthajjhAnikA ti| evaM jhaanppbhedto|| (3) 3. vipubbaka (=jisameM jagaha-jagaha para pIba nikala rahI ho, aisA zava), vicchiddaka (=kaTA huA zava), 5. vikkhAyitaka (=kutte Adi ke dvArA jisake aGga-pratyaGga khA liye gaye hoM, aisA zava), 6. vikkhitaka (=jisake aGga pratyaGga idhara udhara vikhare par3e hoM, aisA zava),7. hatavikkhitaka (=jisake aGga-pratyaGga kATa-kATa kara vikhera diye gaye hoM, aisA zava); 8. lohitaka (=rakta se lipta zava): 9. puluvaka (=krimiyoM se bharA huA zava) aura 10. aTThika (=asthiparmaatr)| dasa anusmRtiyA~ hai- 1. buddhAnusmRti, 2. dharmAnusmRti, 3. sAnusmRti, 4. zIlAnusmRti, 5. tyAgAnusmRti, 6. devatAnusmRti, 7. maraNAnusmRti, 8. kAyagatA smRti, 9. AnApAnasmRti evaM 10. upshmaanusmRti| cAra brahmavihAra haiM- 1. maitrI, 2. karuNA, 3. muditA evaM 4. upekSA / cAra ArUpya haiM- 1. AkAzAnantyAyatana, 2. vijJAnAnantyAyatana, 3. AkiJcanyAyatana evaM 4. naivsNjnyaanaasNjnyaaytn| eka saMjJA hai- AhAra meM pratikUla saMjJA / eka vyavasthAna hai- cturdhaatuvyvsthaan| isa prakAra saMkhyA-nirdeza ke anusAra vinizcaya jAnanA caahiye| (1) 26. upacAra aura arpaNA ke vAhaka ke rUpa meM- kAyagatA smRti evaM AnApAnasmRti ko chor3akara ATha anusmRtiyA~, AhAra meM pratikUla saMjJA evaM caturdhAtuvyavasthAna-ye hI dasa karmasthAna upacAra ke vAhaka haiM, zeSa arpaNA ke vAhaka haiN| isa prakAra, upacAra evaM arpaNA ke vAhaka ke anusAra vinizcaya jAnanA caahiye| (2) 27. dhyAna ke prabheda se- arpaNA ke vAhakoM meM dasa kasiNa, AnApAna smRti ke sAtha, cAra dhyAnoM ko lAne vAle hote haiN| kAyagatAsmRti ke sAtha dasa azubha prathama dhyAna ko, prathama tIna .

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 28. samatikkamato ti / dve samatikkamA - aGgasamatikkamo ca, ArammaNasamatikkamo ca / tattha sabbesu pi tikacatukkajjhAnikesu kammaTThAnesu aGgasamatikkamo hoti vitakkavicArAdIni jhAnaGgAni samatikkamitvA tesvevArammaNesu dutiyajjhAnAdInaM pattabbato, tathA catutthabrahmavihAre / so pi hi mettAdInaM yeva ArammaNe somanassaM samatikkamitvA pattabbo ti / catUsu pana Aruppesu ArammaNasamatikkamo hoti / purimesu hi navasu kasiNesu aJjataraM samatikkamitvA AkAsAnaJcAyatanaM pattabbaM, AkAsAdIni ca samatikkamitvA viJJaNaJcAyatanAdIni / sesesu samatikkamo natthIti / evaM samatikkamato // (4) 29. vaDDhanAvaDDhanato ti / imesu cattAlIsAya kammaTThAnesu dasa kasiNAneva vddddhetbbaani| yattakaM hi okAsaM kasiNena pharati, tadabbhantare dibbAya sotadhAtuyA saddaM sotuM, dibbena cakkhunA rUpAni passituM, parasattAnaM cetasA cittamaJjAtuM samattho hoti / 155 kAyagatAsati pana asubhAni ca na vaDDhetabbAni / kasmA ? okAsena paricchinnattA AnisaMsAbhAvA ca / sA ca nesaM okAsena paricchinnattA bhAvanAnaye Avibhavissati / tesu pana vaDDhitesu kuNaparAsi yeva vaDhati, na koci AnisaMso atthi / vRttaM pi cetaM sopAkapaJhAvyAkaraNe - " vibhUtA, bhagavA, rUpasaJja, avibhUtA aTThikasaJa" ti / tatra hi nimittavaDDhanavasena rUpasaJja vibhUtA ti vuttA, aTThikasaJJa avaDhanavasena avibhUtAti vRttA / brahmavihAra tIna dhyAnoM ko, caturtha brahmavihAra evaM cAra ArUpya caturtha dhyAna ko lAne vAle hote haiM ' isa prakAra dhyAna -prabheda se ke anusAra vinizcaya jAnanA cAhiye / (3) 28 samatikramaNa ke anusAra- do samatikramaNa haiM - 1. aGga - samatikramaNa evaM 2. AlambanasamatikramaNa / una sabhI karmasthAnoM meM jo ki tIna aura cAra dhyAnoM ko lAte haiM, aGga kA samatikramaNa hotA hai| kyoMki dvitIya dhyAna Adi kI prApti unhIM prathama dhyAna Adi ke AlambanoM meM vitarka aura vicAra kA samatikramaNa karake kI jAtI hai; vaise hI caturtha brahmavihAra meM bhI karanI cAhiye, kyoMki usakI prApti bhI maitrI Adi ke Alambana meM saumanasya kA samatikramaNa karake hotI hai| kintu cAra ArUpyoM meM Alambana kA samatikramaNa hotA hai| prathama nau kasiNoM meM se kisI kA samatikramaNa karake AkAzAnantyAyayana kI prApti hotI hai aadi| zeSa meM samatikramaNa nahIM hotA / isa prakAra samatikramaNa ke anusAra vinizcaya jAnanA cAhiye / (4) 29. vardhana - avardhana ke anusAra- ina cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM se kevala dasa kasiNoM kA hI vardhana (= unako apane dhyAna meM bar3hAte jAnA) karanA caahiye| kasiNa kA vistAra jisa sImA taka hotA hai, usI ke bhItara sAdhaka divya zrotra se zabda sunane, divyacakSu se rUpa ko dekhane aura paracitta ke jJAna meM samartha hotA hai| kintu kAyagatA smRti kA yA azubhoM kA bhI vardhana nahIM karanA caahiye| kyoM? kyoMki ve kisI sthAnavizeSa meM paricchinna (sImita) aura guNa-rahita hai| vaha unakI sthAnavizeSa meM paricchinnatA bhAvanAnaya meM vivecana karate samaya spaSTa kI jaaygii| yadi una azubhoM kA vardhana kiyA jAya (aneka zavoM ko Alambana banAyA jAya to zavoM kI rAzi meM hI vRddhi hogI, jisase koI lAbha nahIM hai| zvapAkaprazna vyAkaraNa meM yaha kahA bhI gayA hai- "bhagavan, rUpasaMjJA pUrNataH spaSTa (= vibhUtA) hai, asthikasaMjJA aspaSTa (= avibhUtA) hai|" yahA~ nimitta ke vardhana kA prayojana hone se rUpasaMjJA ko spaSTa kahA gayA hai| evaM avadharka ke sahAre asthika saMjJA ko avibhUta kahA gayA hai|

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vizuddhimagga yaM taM "kevalaM aTThasaJjaya aphariM pathaviM imaM " ( khu02-238) ti vuttaM, taM lAbhissa sato upaTThAnAkAravasena vRttaM / yatheva hi dhammAsokakAle karavIkasakuNo samantA AdAsabhittIsu attano chAyaM drisvA sabbadisAsu karavIkasaJjI hutvA madhuraM giraM nicchAresi, evaM the piTThaJAya lAbhittA sabbadisAsu upaTThitaM nimittaM passanto 'kevalA pi pathavI aTThikabharitA' ti cintesI ti / 156 yadi evaM, yA asubhajjhAnAnaM appamANArammaNatA vRttA sA virujjhatI ti ? sA ca na virujjhati / ekacco hi uddhamAtake vA aTThike vA mahante nimittaM gaNhAti, ekacco appke| iminA pariyAyena ekaccassa parittArammaNaM jANaM hoti, ekaccassa appamANArammaNaM ti / yo vA etaM vaDhane AdInavaM apassanto vaDDheti, taM sandhAya " appamANArammaNaM" ti vRttaM / AnisaMsAbhAvA pana na vaDDhetabbAnI ti / yathA ca etAni evaM sesAni pi na vaDDhetabbAni / kasmA ? tesu hi AnApAnanimittaM tAva vaDDayato vAtarAsi yeva vaDDhati, okAsena ca paricchinnaM / iti sAdInavattA okAsena ca paricchinnattA na vaDDhetabbaM / brahmavihArA sattArammaNA, tesaM nimittaM vaDDhayato sattarAsi yeva vaDDheyya, na ca tena attho atthi, tasmA taM pi na vaDDhetabbaM / yaM pana vuttaM - " mettAsahagatena cetasA eka N disaM pharitvA" ( dI0 1-210) ti Adi, taM pariggahavaseneva vRttaM / ekAvAsadviAvAsAdinA hi anukkamena ekissA disAya satte pariggahetvA bhAvento ekaM kintu yaha jo kahA gayA hai ki "maiMne kevala asthi-saMjJA ke isa samagra pRthvI ko vyApta kara diyA hai", vaha isa prakAra kI saMjJA kA lAbha karane vAle vyakti ko jaisA dikhAyI detA usake anusAra kahA gayA hai| jaisA ki samrAT dharmAzoka ke samaya meM koI karavIka pakSI cAroM ora zIze kI dIvAroM meM apanI chAyA dekhakara 'sabhI dizAoM meM karavIka (pakSI) haiM- aisA samajhakara madhura svara meM bola par3A thA ( dra0 ma0 ni0 a0 ka0 3, 328-3) usI prakAra sthavira (siGgAla pitara) ne asthika saMjJA kA lAbha karane se sabhI dizAoM meM upasthita nimitta ko dekhate hue "sampUrNa pRthvI kAloM se bharI huI hai" - isa prakAra cintana kiyA thA / zaGkA - yadi aisA hai to azubha (AlambanoM) dhyAnoM kI vyAkhyA meM jo apramANa AlambanakA varNana hai, usakA virodha hogA ? samAdhAna- usakA virodha nahIM hogA kyoMki koI sAdhaka dIrghAkAra uddhamAtaka meM yA kAla meM nimitta kA grahaNa karatA hai, koI laghu AkAra vAle meN| tadanusAra kisI kA paritrAlambana jJAna hotA hai, to kisI kA apramANAlambana / athavA jo isake vardhana meM doSa na dekhate hue use bar3hAtA hai, usI ke sandarbha meM 'apramANAlambana' kahA gayA hai| kintu kyoMki unake vardhana meM koI guNa (AnRzaMsya) nahIM hai, isaliye vardhana nahIM karanA cAhiye / aura jaise inako, vaise hI zeSa ko bhI nahIM bar3hAnA caahiye| kyoM? kyoMki unameM AnApAnanimitta kA vardhana karane se vAtarAzi hI bar3hegI aura usakA sthAna bhI paricchinna arthAt nAsikApuTa hai, isaliye isameM doSa hone se evaM sthAna meM paricchinna hone se, nahIM bar3hAnA caahiye| brahmavihAroM ke Alambana sattva hote haiN| unakA nimitta bar3hAne meM sattvarAzi meM hI vRddhi hogI aura yaha lakSya nahIM hai; isaliye usakA bhI vistAra nahIM karanA caahiye| kintu jo kahA gayA hai"maitrIyukta citta se eka dizA ko sarvAMzataH dhyAna meM lekara" Adi, vaha parigraha ke anusAra hI kahA gayA hai| eka AvAsa, do AvAsa ke krama se eka dizA ke sattvoM kA grahaNa kara bhAvanA karane se " eka

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNanidesa 157 disaM pharitvA ti vutto, na nimittaM vddvento| paTibhAganimittameva cettha natthi, yadayaM vddddeyy| parittaappamANarammaNatA pettha pariggahavaseneva veditbbaa| AruppArammaNesa pi AkAsaM ksinnugghaattimttaa| taM hi kasiNApagamavaseneva manasi kAtabbaM / tato paraM vaDDayato pi na kiJci hoti| vijJANaM sbhaavdhmmtaa| na hi sakkA sabhAvadharma vaDDetuM / vijJANApagamo vijJANassa abhAvamattatA / nevasajJAnAsAyatanArammaNaM sabhAvadhammattA yeva na vaDDetabbaM / sesAni animitttaa| paTibhAganimittaM hi vaDDetabbaM nAma bhaveyya / buddhAnussatiAdInaM ca neva paTibhAganimittaM ArammaNaM hoti / tasmA taM na vaDDetabbaM ti| evaM vddddnaavddddnto| (5) 30. ArammaNato ti| imesu ca cattAlIsAya kammaTThAnesu dasa kasiNA, dasa asubhA, AnApAnassati, kAyagatAsatI ti imAni dvAvIsati paTibhAganimittArammaNAni, sesAni na pttibhaagnimittaarmmnnaani| tathA dasasu anussatIsu ThapetvA AnApAnassatiM va kAyagatAsatiM ca avasesA aTTha anussatiyo, AhAre paTikUlasA , catudhAtuvavatthAnaM, vijJANaJcAyatanaM, nevasAnAsajJAyatanaM ti imAni dvAdasa sbhaavdhmmaarmmnnaani| dasa kasiNA, dasa asubhA, AnApAnassati; kAbagalAsatI ti imAni dvAvIsati nimittaarmmnnaani| sesAni cha na vttbbaarsmnnaani| tathA vipubbakaM, lohitakaM, puLuvakaM, AnApAnassati, ApokasiNaM, tejokasiNaM, vAyokasiNaM, yaM ca AlokakasiNe sUriyAdInaM obhAsamaNDalArammaNaM ti dizA ko sarvazataH dhyAna meM lekara" kahA gayA hai, nimitta kA vardhana karane se nhiiN| yahA~ to pratibhAganimitta hai hI nahIM, jisakA vardhana kiyA jaay| paritra-apramANa AlambanatA ko bhI yahA~ parigraha ke liye hI jAnanA caahiye| ArUpya-AlambanoM meM bhI AkAzakasiNa kA udghATanamAtra hai, kyoMki AkAza meM hI kasiNa raha sakatA hai| vaha kasiNa ke abhAva ke rUpa meM hI bodhagamya hai| yadi usakA vardhana bhI kiyA jAya to * bhI kucha nahIM hogaa| vijJAna svabhAvadharmatA hai| svamAtra dharma kA vardhana sambhava nahIM hai| vijJAna kA na honA vijJAna kA abhAvamAtra hai| naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana Alambana bhI svabhAvadharmatA hI hai, ataH use bhI nahIM bar3hAnA caahiye| zeSa nimittarahita haiM, isaliye unakA bhI vardhana nahIM karanA cAhiye; kyoMki pratibhAnimitta hI vardhanIya hai| evaM buddhAnusmRti Adi pratibhAganimitta nahIM haiN| isaliye unakA vardhana nahIM karanA caahiye| yaha vardhana-avardhana ke anusAra karmasthAna kA vinizcaya hai / (5) / 30. Alambana ke anusAra- isa cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM dasa kasiNa, dasa azubha, AnApAnasmRti, kAyagatA smRti-ye bAIsa pratibhAganimitta Alambana haiN| (arthAt inake Alambana pratibhAganimitta hai)| zeSa karma-sthAna pratibhAganimitta-Alambana nahIM haiN| tathA dasa anusmRtiyoM meM AnApAnasmRti evaM kAyagatA smRti ko chor3akara avazeSa ATha anusmRtiyA~, eka AhAra meM pratikUla saMjJA, eka caturdhAtuvyavasthAna, eka vijJAnAnantyAyatana, eka naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana-ye bAraha svabhAvadharmAvalambana haiN| dasa kasiNa, dasa azubha, AnApAnasmRti, kAyagatA smRti-ye bAIsa nimittAlambana haiN| zeSa chaha isa prakAra se na kahe jA sakane yogya Alambana haiN| tathA vipubbaka pIva nikalate rahane ke kAraNa, lohitaka rakta bahate rahane ke kAraNa, puluvaka kIr3e reMgate rahane ke kAraNa, AnApAna smRti, jalakasiNa, tejakasiNa, vAyukasiNa, aura AlokakasiNa ke antargata sUrya Adi prabhAmaNDala

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158 visuddhimagga imAni aTTha calitArammaNAni tAni ca kho pubbabhAge / paTibhAgaM pana sannisinnameva hoti / sesAni na calitArammaNAnI ti / evaM ArammaNato // (6) 31. bhUmito ti / ettha ca dasa asubhA, kAyagatAsati, AhAre paTikUlasaJJA ti imAni dvAdasa deve nappavattanti / tAni dvAdasa AnApAnassati cA ti imAni terasa brahmaloke ppavattanti / arUpabhave pana ThapetvA cattAro Aruppe aJJa nappavattati / manussesu sabbAni pi pavattantIti / evaM bhUmito // ( 7 ) 32. gahaNato ti / diTThaphuTThasutaggahaNato pettha vinicchayo veditabbo / tatra ThapetvA vAyokasiNaM sesA nava kasiNA, dasa asubhA ti imAni ekUnavIsati diTThena gahetabbAni / pubbabhAge cakkhunA oloketvA nimittaM nesaM gahetabbaM ti attho / kAyagatAsatiyaM tacapaJcakaM diTThena, sesaM sutenAti evaM tassA ArammaNaM diTThasutena gahetabbaM / AnApAnassati phuTThena, vAyokasiNaM diTThaphuTThena, sesAni aTThArasa sutena gahetabbAni / upekkhAbrahmavihAro cattAro AruppA ti imAni cettha na Adikammikena gahetabbAni, sesAni paJcatiMsa gahetabbAnI ti / evaM gahaNato // (8) 33. paccayato ti / imesu pana kammaTThAnesu ThapetvA AkAsakasiNaM sesA nava kasiNA AruppAnaM paccayA honti / dasa kasiNA abhijJAnaM / tayo brahmavihArA catutthabrahmavihArassa / miMTThimaM AruppaM uparimassa uparimassa / nevasaJjanAsaJJAyatanaM nirodhasamApattiyA / sabbAni pi sukhavihAravipassanAbhavasampattAnaM ti / evaM paccayato // (9) prakAza ke gatizIla hone se ye ATha sacala Alambana haiM, kintu prArambhika stara para pratibhAMga to nizcala hI hotA hai| isa prakAra Alambana ke anusAra karmasthAna kA vinizcaya hai / (6) 31. bhUmi ke anusAra- dasa azubha, eka kAyagatA smRti, eka AhAra meM pratikUla saMjJAye bAraha (karmasthAna) devatAoM meM nahIM pAye jAte / ye bAraha evaM eka AnApAnasmRti- ye teraha brahmaloka meM nahIM pAye jAte / kintu arUpa bhava (= arUpa dhAtu) meM cAra ArUpyoM ko chor3akara anya koI bhI karmasthAna nahIM pAyA jaataa| mAnavoM meM ye saba (cAlIsa) pAye jAte haiN| isa prakAra bhUmi ke anusAra vinizcaya hai / (7) 32. grahaNa ke anusAra- dRSTa, spRSTa evaM zruta ke rUpa meM grahaNa ke anusAra bhI vinizcaya jAnanA caahiye| una cAlIsa karmasthAnoM meM, vAyukasiNa ko chor3akara zeSa 9 kasiNa, 10 azubha = ina unnIsa (19) ko dRSTa rUpa meM grahaNa karanA caahiye| tAtparya yaha hai ki pahale A~kha se dekhakara pazcAt isakA nimitta grahaNa karanA caahiye| kAyagatA smRti meM tvacA Adi pA~ca (keza, loma, nakha, dA~ta aura tvacA) ko dekhakara, zeSa ko sunakara isa prakAra usakA Alambana dekha-suna kara grahaNa karanA caahiye| upekSA brahmavihAra evaM cAra ArUpya ye usake dvArA, jisane abhI samAdhi ke abhyAsa kA prArambha hI kiyA hai, grahaNa kiye jAne yogya nahIM haiN| zeSa paiMtIsa grahaNa kiye jAne yogya haiN| isa prakAra grahaNa ke anusAra vinizcaya jAnanA cAhiye / (8) 33. kAraNa (= pratyaya) ke anusAra- ina karmasthAnoM meM AkAzakasiNa ko chor3akara zeSa nau kasiNa ArUpayoM ke pratyaya hote haiN| dasa kasiNa abhijJAoM ke tIna brahmavihAra caturtha brahmavihAra ke / nIce-nIce ke ArUpya Upara-Upara ke (ArUpyoM ke) / naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJAyatana nirodhasamApatti kA / ye sabhI sukhavihAra, vipazyanA aura bhavasampatti (= zreSTha yoniyoM meM janma) ke pratyaya haiN|

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 159 34. cariyAnukUlato ti| cariyAnaM anukUlato pettha vinicchayo veditbbo| seyyathIdaM-rAgacaritassa tAva ettha dasa asubhA kAyagatAsatI ti ekAdasa kammaTThAnAni anukuulaani|doscritss cattAro brahmavihArA, cattArivaNNakasiNAnI ti atttth| mohacaritassa vitakkacaritassa ca ekaM AnApAnassatikammaTThAnameva / saddhAcaritassa purimA cha anusstiyo| buddhicaritassa maraNassati, upasamAnussati, catudhAtuvavatthAnaM, AhAre paTikUlasA ti cttaari| sesakasiNAni cattAro ca AruppA sabbacaritAnaM anukuulaani| kasiNesu ca yaM kiJci parittaM vitakacaritassa, appamANaM mohacaritassA ti| evamettha "cariyAnukUlato vinicchayo veditabbo" ti|| (10) sabbaM cetaM ujuvipaccanIkavasena ca atisapyAyavasena ca vuttN| rAgAdInaM pana avikkhambhikA saddhAdInaM vA anupakArA kusalabhAvanA nAma ntthi| vuttaM pi cetaM meghiyasutte-"cattAro dhammA uttari bhaavetbbaa| asubhA bhAvetabbA rAgassa pahAnAya / mettA bhAvetabbA byApAdassa phaanaay| AnApAnassati bhAvetabbA vitakkupaccchedAya / aniccasA bhAvetabbA asmimAnasamugghAtAyA" (khu01-105) ti| . rAhulasutte pi-"mettaM, rAhula, bhAvanaM bhAvehI" (ma0 2-104) ti AdinA nayena ekasseva satta kammaTThAnAni vuttaani| tasmA vacanamatte abhinivesaM akatvA sabbattha adhippAyo pariyesitabbo ti| ayaM kammaTThAnaM gahetvA ti ettha kmmtttthaankthaavinicchyo| isa prakAra, pratyaya ke anusAra vinizcaya jAnanA caahiye| (9) 34. caryA ke anukUla hone ke anusAra- caryA ke anukUla hone ke anusAra bhI vinizcaya jAnanA caahiye| yathA-rAgacarita ke liye dasa azubha evaM kAyagatA smRti-ye gyAraha karmasthAna anukUla haiN| dveSacarita ke liyA cAra brahmavihAra evaM cAra varNa-kasiNa-ye aatth| mohacarita ke liye aura vitarkacarita ke liye kevala eka AnApAnasmRti karmasthAna hI anukUla hai| zraddhAcarita ke liye-prathama chaha ansmRtiyaaN| baddhicarita ke liye-maraNasmRti, upazamAnusmRti, caturdhAtuvyavasthApana, AhAra meM pratikUla saMjJA-ye cAra / zeSa kasiNa aura cAra ArUpya sabhI caritoM ke liye anukUla haiN| kasiNoM meM jo koI parimita hai vaha vitarkacarita ke liye; jo koI apramANa hai vaha mohacarita ke liye anukUla hai| (10) isa prakAra caryA ke anukUla vinizcaya jAnanA caahiye| yaha saba spaSTa virodha ke rUpa meM evaM pUrNa anukUlatA ke rUpa meM nirdiSTa hai| kintu aisI koI bhI kuzalabhAvanA nahIM hai, jo rAgAdi kA zamana karanevAlI evaM zraddhAdi kI sahAyaka na ho| ___ meghiyasutta meM yaha kaho bhI kahA hai-"isake guNoM kI paripUrNatA, kalyANamitratA, acchI bAtoM ko sunanA, bala aura buddhi-ina pA~ca bAtoM ke pazcAt, cAra dharmoM kI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| rAga ke prahANa ke liye azubha kI bhAvanA karanI cAhiye; dveSa ke prahANa ke liye maitrI kI bhAvanA karanI cAhiye; vitarka ko dUra karane ke liye AnApAnasmRti kI bhAvanA karanI cAhiye; asmimAna ('maiM hU~'yaha abhimAna) dUra karane ke liye anityasaMjJA kI bhAvanA karanI caahiye|" rAhulasutta meM bhI-"rAhula, maitrIbhAvanA kA abhyAsa karo" Adi prakAra se eka meM hI sAta karmasthAna (1 maitrI, 2. karuNA, 3 muditA, 4 upekSA, 5. azubha, 6. anityasaMjJA, 7. AnApAnasmRti)

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160 visuddhimagga 35. gahetvA ti|imss pana padassa ayamatthadIpanA-"tena yoginA kammaTThAnadAyakaM kalyANamittaM upasaGkamitvA" ti ettha vuttanayeneva vuttappakAraM kalyANamittaM upasaGkamitvA, buddhassa vA bhagavato, Acariyassa vA attAnaM niyyAtetvA sampannajjhAsayena sampannAdhimuttinA ca hutvA kammaTThAnaM yAcitabbaM / __36. tatra "imAhaM bhagavA attabhAvaM tumhAkaM pariccajAmI" ti evaM buddhassa bhagavato attA niyyaatetbbo| evaM hi aniyyAtetvA pantesu senAsanesu viharanto bheravArammaNe ApAthamAgate santhambhituM asakkonto gAmantaM osaritvA gihIhi saMsaTTho hutvA anesanaM ApajjitvA anayabyasanaM pApuNeyya / niyyAtitattabhAvassa panassa bheravArammaNe ApAthamAgate pi bhayaM na uppjjti| "nanu tayA, paNDita, purimameva attA buddhAnaM niyyAtito"ti paccavekkhato panassa somanassameva uppjti| yathA hi purisassa uttamaM kAsikavatthaM bhaveyya / tassa tasmi mUsikAya vA kITehi vA khAdite uppajeyya domnssN| saca pana taM acIvarakassa bhikkhuno dadeyya, athassa taM tena bhikkhunA khaNDAkhaNDaM kariyamAnaM disvA pisomanassameva uppjjeyy| evaMsampadamidaM veditabbaM / 37. Acariyasya niyyAtentenA pi"imAhaM, bhante, attabhAvaM tumhAkaM pariccajAmI" ti vattabbaM / evaM aniyyAtitattabhAvo hi atajjanIyo vA hoti dubbaco vA anovAdakaro, yenakAmanamo vA AcariyaM anApucchA va yatthicchati tattha gantA / tamenaM Acariyo Amisena batalA diye gaye haiN| isaliye zabdamAtra meM abhiniveza na kara, sarvatra abhiprAya kA anveSaNa karanA caahiye| yaha "karmasthAna ko grahaNa karake"-isa vAkyAMza meM karmasthAna kA vyAkhyAtmaka varNana hai|| 35. grahaNa kara ke- isa pada kA abhiprAya yaha hai-"usa yogI ko karmasthAnapradAtA kalyANamitra ke pAsa jAkara" isa prakAra se kahI gayI vidhi ke anusAra hI ukta prakAra ke kalyANamitra ke pAsa jAkara, bhagavAn buddha yA AcArya ke prati svayaM ko samarpita kara sacce adhyAzaya evaM saccI adhimukti ke sAtha karmasthAna kI yAcanA karanI caahiye| 36. vahA~ "bhagavAn, yaha maiM Apake liye AtmAva kA parityAga karatA hU~"-isa prakAra se bhagavAn buddha ke liye svayaM ko samarpita kara denA cAhiye / isa prakAra samarpita na karane para sudUravartI zayanAsanoM meM vihAra karate samaya yadi bhayAnaka Alambana sAmane A jAya, to vaha sthira nahIM raha paayegaa| evaM sambhava hai ki vaha grAma meM lauTakara gRhasthoM ke saMsarga meM par3akara sAdhana meM anucita anveSaNa karate hue vinAza ko prApta ho jAya / yadi vaha samarpita ho jAtA hai to bhayAnaka AlambanoM ke sAmane A jAne para bhI bhaya nahIM utpanna hogA, apitu "paNDita! kyA tumane pahale hI svayaM ko buddha ke liye samarpita nahIM kara diyA hai"-aisA vicAra karate hue usakA usameM saumanasya hI utpanna hogaa| jaise ki kisI vyakti ke pAsa kAzI kA banA uttama vastra ho, yadi use cUhe yA kIr3e khA DAleM to use duHkha hogA; kintu vaha use aise bhikSu ko de de jisake pAsa cIvara na ho to usa vastra ko bhikSu ke dvArA Tukar3e-Tukar3e kiyA jAtA huA dekhakara bhI use prasannatA hI hogii| yahA~ bhI aisA hI hai| 37. AcArya ke liye samarpita hone vAle ko bhI "bhante! yaha maiM Apake liye AtmabhAva kA parityAga karatA hU~"-"isa prakAra kahanA caahiye| isa prakAra se samarpita na hone para doSa dikhalAne . yogya (=tarjanIya) nahIM hotA, yA use saralatA se kucha kahA nahIM jA sakatA, vaha AjJAkArI nahIM

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3. kammahAnaggahaNaniddesa 161 vA dhammena vA na saGgaNhAti, gULhaM ganthaM na sikkhaapeti| so imaM duvidhaM saGgaM alabhanto sAsane patiTuM na labhati, na cirasseva dussIlyaM vA gihibhAvaM vA pApuNAti / niyyAtitattabhAvo pana neva atajjanIyo hoti, na yenakAmaGgamo, suvaco AcariyAyattavRtti yeva hoti| so Acariyato duvidhaM saGgahaM labhanto sAsane vuTTi virULiMha vepullaM pApuNAti cULapiNDapAtikatissattherassa antevAsikA viy| therassa kira santikaM tayo bhikkhU aagmNsu| tesu eko "ahaM, bhante, tumhAkamatthAyA" ti vutte 'sataporise papAte patituM ussaheyyaM' ti aah| dutiyo "ahaM, bhante, tumhAkamatthAyA" ti vutte 'imaM attabhAvaM gaNhito paTThAya pAsANapiTTe ghaMsento niravasesaM khepetuM ussaheyyaM' ti aah| tatiyo "ahaM, bhante, tumhAkamatthAyA" ti vutte "assAsapassAse uparundhitvA kAlakiriyaM kAtuM ussaheyyaM" ti Aha / thero "bhabbA vatime bhikkhU" ti kammaTThAnaM kthesi| te tassa ovAde ThatvA tayo pi arahattaM pApuNiMsU ti ayamAnisaMso attniyyaatne| tena vuttaM-"buddhassa vA bhagavato Acariyassa vA attAnaM niyyAtetvA" ti| 38. sampannajjhAsayena sampannAdhimuttinA ca hutvA ti| ettha pana tena yoginA alobhAdInaM vasena chahAkArehi sampannajjhAsayena bhavitabbaM / evaM sampannajjhAsayo hi tissannaM bodhInaM aJjataraM pApuNAti / yathAha-"cha ajjhAsayA bodhisattAnaM bodhiparipAkAya saMvattanti, alobhajjhAsayA ca bodhisattA lobhe dosdssaavino| adosajjhAsayA ca bodhisattA dose dosdssaavino| amohajjhAsayA ca bodhisattA mohe dosdssaavino| nekkhammajjhAsayA ca hotaa| athavA yathecchAcArI hotA hai, AcArya se vinA pUche jahA~ cAhatA hai, vahA~ calA jAtA hai| use AcArya bhautika vastue~ yA dharma kA upadeza nahIM detA, gUDha granthoM kI zikSA nahIM detaa| vaha ye donoM saMgraha na pAkara zAsana meM pratiSThAlAbha nahIM kara pAtA, apitu zIghra hI durAcArI yA gRhastha ho jAtA hai| samarpita kara dene se kabhI bhI doSa dikhalAne yogya nahIM hotA, na yathecchAcArI hotA hai, na use AsAnI se kucha kahA jA sakatA hai, vaha AcArya ke adhIna hI rahane vAlA hotA hai| vaha AcArya se dvitIya saMgraha prApta kara cULapiNDapAtika tiSya sthavira ke ziSyoM ke samAna, zAsana meM vRddhivistAra aura vipulatA prApta karatA hai| sthavira ke samIpa tIna bhikSu aaye| unameM se eka ne kahA-"bhante, 'Apake hita meM hai' (AcArya ke hita meM haiM) aisA kahe jAne para maiM sau porasA gahare prapAta meM girane ke liye taiyAra huuN|" dUsare ne kahA-"bhante, 'Apake hita meM hai'-aisA kahe jAne para maiM apanA er3I se lekara pUre kA pUrA zarIra patthara kI caTTAna se ghisa-ghisakara samApta kara dene ke liye taiyAra huuN|" tIsare kahA-"bhante, 'Apake hita meM hai'- aisA kahe jAne para "maiM zvAsa-prazvAsa ko rokara mara jAne ke liye taiyAra huuN|" sthavira ne "ye bhikSu nizcita rUpa se unnati kareMge"-aisA socakara karmasthAna batalAyA / isIliye kahA gayA hai-"bhagavAn buddha ke liye yA AcArya ke liye svayaM ko samarpita krke|" 38. adhyAzaya aura adhimukti se sampanna hokara- usa yogI ko alobha Adi chaha AkAroM meM adhyAzayasampanna honA caahiye| isa prakAra kA adhyAzayasampanna tIna jJAno meM se kisI eka ko prApta karatA hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"chaha adhyAzaya bodhisattvoM ke bodhi-paripAka ke liye hote haiN| 1. alobha adhyAzaya se sampanna bodhisattva lobha meM doSa dekhate haiM / 2. adveSa adhyAzaya se sampanna bodhisattva deSa meM aura 3 amoha adhyAzaya se sampanna bodhisattva moha ne doSa dekhate hai / 4 naiSkarmA (-gRhatyAgayukta

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162 vizuddhimagga bodhisattA gharAvAse dosadassAvino / pavivekajjhAsayA ca bodhisattA saGgaNikAya dosadassAvino / nissaraNajjhAsayA ca bodhisattA sabbabhavagatIsu dosadassAvino " ti / ye hi keci atItAnAgatapaccuppannA sotApannasakadAgAmi anAgAmikhINAsavapaccekabuddhasammAsambuddhA, sabbe te imeheva chahAkArehi attanA attanA pattabbaM visesaM pattA / tasmA imehi chahAkArehi sampannajjhAsayena bhavitabbaM / tadadhimuttatAya pana adhimuttisampannena bhavitabbaM / samAdhAdhimuttena samAdhigarukena samAdhipabbhArena, nibbAnAdhimuttena nibbAnagarukena nibbAnapabbhArena ca bhavitabbaM ti attho / 39. evaM sampannajjhAsayAdhimuttino panassa kammaTThAnaM yAcato cotepariyaMtrANalAbhinA Acariyena cittAcAraM oloketvA cariyA jAnitabbA / itarena kiM caritosi ? ke vA te dhammA bahulaM samudAcaranti ? kiM vA te manasikaroto phAsu hoti ? katarasmi vA te kammaTThA cittaM namI ? ti evamAdIhi nayehi pucchitvA jAnitabbA / evaM JatvA cariyAnukUlaM kammaTThAnaM kathebbaM / 40. kathentena ca tividhena kathetabbaM - 1. pakatiyA uggahitakammaTThAnassa ekaM dve nisajjAni sajjhAyaM kAretvA dAtabbaM / 2. santike vasantassa AgatAgatakkhaNe kathetabbaM / 3. uggahetvA aJJatra gantukAmassa nAtisaGghittaM nAtivitthArikaM katvA kathetabbaM / tattha pathavIkasiNaM tAva kathentena cattAro kasiNadosA, kasiNakaraNaM, katassa pravrajyA) adhyAzaya se sampanna bodhisattva gRhavAsa meM 5 praviveka (ekAntasevana) adhyAzaya se bodhisatva samAja meM evaM 6. niHsaraNa adhyAzaya se bodhisattva sabhI bhavagatiyoM meM doSa dekhate haiN| jo koI bhI atIta, anAgata evaM pratyutpanna strottaApanna, sakRdAgAmI, anAgAmI, kSINAsrava, pratyekabuddha, samyaksambuddha haiM; una sabane inhIM chaha AkAroM se apane apane prAptavyavizeSa ko pAyA / isaliye ina chaha AkAroM se adhyAzayasampanna honA cAhiye / 'adhimukti se' kA artha yaha hai ki adhimukti se sampanna honA cAhiye / samAdhi ke prati adhimukti, usake prati gaurava, jhukAva, nirvANa ke prati adhimukti, va gaurava usake prati jhukAva rakhanA cAhiye / 39. isa prakAra adhyAzaya - adhimukti ke sampAdaka sAdhaka dvArA karmasthAna kI yAcanA kI jAne para ceta: paryAya - jJAna ke lAbhI AcArya ko usakI cittavRtti kA avalokana kara caryA jAnanI cAhiye / anya ko 'tumhArA kyA carita hai?' 'kauna se dharma tumameM bahudhA pravRtta hote haiM?' 'tumheM kise mana meM lAnA acchA lagatA hai?' 'tumhAre citta kA jhukAva kisa karmasthAna ke prati hai?' Adi prakAra se pUcha kara jAnanA cAhiye / yoM jAnakara caryA ke anukUla karmasthAna batalAnA cAhiye / 40. karmasthAna kahane vAle ko use tIna prakAra se kahanA cAhiye- 1. jisane svayaM hI karmasthAna sIkha liyA ho, use eka-do baiThaka meM pArAyaNa karavA kara karmasthAna de denA caahiye| (yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai ki AcArya se grahaNa kiye vinA isa viSaya meM saphalatA nahIM milatI) / 2. jo samIpa hI rahane vAlA ho, vaha jaba jaba Aye taba taba batalAnA cAhiye / 3. jo grahaNa karake kahIM aura jAnA cAhatA use na to bahuta saMkSepa meM aura na hI bahuta vistAra se batalAnA cAhiye / pRthvIkasiNa batalAne vAle ko 1 cAra kasiNa-doSa, 2 kasiNa kA nirmANa, 3, kiye hue

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3. kammaTThAnaggahaNaniddesa 163 bhAvanAnayo, duvidhaM nimittaM, duvidho samAdhi, sattavidhaM sappAyAsappAyaM, dasavidhaM appanAkosala, viriyasamatA, appanAvidhAnaM ti ime nava AkArA kthetbbaa| sesakammaTThAnesu pi tassa tassa anurUpaM kathetabbaM / taM sabbaM tesaM bhAvanAvidhAne aavibhvissti| evaM kathiyamAne pana kammaTThAne tena yoginA nimittaM gahetvA sotabbaM / 41. nimittaM gahetvA ti| idaM heTThimapadaM, idaM uparimapadaM, ayamassa attho, ayamadhippAyo, idamopammaM ti evaM taM taM AkAraM upanibandhitvA ti attho| evaM nimittaM gahetvA sakkaccaM suNantena hi kammaTThAnaM sugahitaM hoti| athassa taM nissAya visesAdhigamo sampajjati, na itarassA ti| ayaM "gahetvA" ti imassa padassa atthpridiipnaa| ettAvatA kalyANamittaM upasaGkamitvA attano cariyAnukUlaM cattAlIsAya kammaTThAnesu aJjataraM kammaTThAnaM gahetvA ti imAni padAni sabbAkArena vittharitAni hontI ti|| iti sAdhujanapAmojatthAya kate visuddhimagge samAdhibhAvanAdhikAre kammaTThAnaggahaNaniheso nAma tatiyo pricchedo|| kI bhAvanAvidhi, 4. dvividha nimitta, 5. dvividha samAdhi, 6. saptavidha anukUla-pratikUla, 7. dazavidha arpaNAkauzala, 8. vIryasamatA evaM 9. arpaNAvidhAna-ye nau (9) AkAra (=pakSa) batalAne caahiye| zeSa karmasthAnoM ko bhI una una kI anukUla vidhi se batalAnA caahiye| yaha saba Age bhAvanAvidhAna prakaraNa meM spaSTa kiyA jaayegaa| kintu jaba karmasthAna batalAyA jA rahA ho, taba yogI ko nimitta kA grahaNa kara sunanA caahiye| 41. nimitta kA grahaNa kara ke- arthAt 'yaha pahale kA pada hai', 'yaha Age kA pada hai', 'isakA yaha artha hai', 'yaha abhiprAya hai', 'yaha upamA hai'-isa prakAra pratyeka pakSa ko sambaddha karakeisa prakAra nimitta kA grahaNa kara, Adara ke sAtha sunane se karmasthAna kA samyaktayA grahaNa hotA hai| taba usI ke sahAre use viziSTatA kI prApti (vizeSAdhigama) hotI hai, dUsare ko nahIM || yaha 'gahetvA' -isa pada kA vyAkhyAna hai| yahA~ taka pIche pAli pATha meM Aye kalyANamittaM upasaGkamitvA attano cariyAnukUlaM catAlIsAya kammaTThAnesu ataraM kammaTThAnaM gahetvA- ina padoM kI sabhI pakSoM se vyAkhyA kara dI gyii|| sAdhujanoM ke pramodahetu viracita isa vizuddhimArga grantha ke samAdhibhAvanAdhikAra meM 'karmasthAnagrahaNanirdeza' tRtIya pariccheda smaapt||

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pathavIkasiNaniddeso (catuttho paricchedo) 1. idAni yaM vRttaM " samAdhibhAvanAya ananurUpaM vihAraM pahAya anurUpe vihAre viharantenA" ti ettha yassa tAva Acariyena saddhiM ekavihAre vasato phAsu hoti, tena tattheva kammaTThAnaM parisodhentena vasitabbaM / sace tattha phosu na hoti, yo aJJo gAvute vA aDDhayojane vA yojanamatte pi vA sappAyo vihAro hoti, tattha vasitabbaM / evaM hi sati kammaTThAnassa kismiJcideva ThAne sandehe vA satisammose vA jAte kAlasseva vihAre vattaM katvA antarAmagge piNDAya caritvA bhattakiccapariyosAne yeva Acariyassa vasanaTThAnaM gantvA taM divasaM Acariyassa santike kammaTThAnaM sodhetvA dutiyadivase AcariyaM vanditvA nikkhamitvA antarAmagge piNDAya caritvA akilamanto yeva attano vasanaTThAnaM AgantuM sakkhissati / yo pana yojanappamANe piphAsukaTThAnaM na labhati, tena kammaTThAne sabbaM gaNThiTThAnaM chinditvA suvisuddhaM AvajjanapaTibaddhaM kammaTThAnaM katvA dUraM pi gantvA samAdhibhAvanAya ananurUpaM vihAraM pahAya anurUpe vihAre vihAtabbaM / ananurUpavihAro 2. tattha ananurUpo nAma aTThArasannaM dosAnaM aJJatarena samannAgato / tatrime aTThArasa dosA - mahattaM, navattaM, jiNNattaM, panthanissitattaM, soNDI, paNNaM, puSpaM, phalaM, patthanIyatA, pRthvIkasiNanirdeza (caturtha pariccheda) 1. aba, pIche jo kahA gayA hai ki 'samAdhi bhAvanA ke ananurUpa (pratikUla ) vihAra ko chor3akara anurUpa vihAra meM viharate hue' (pRSTha 125) yahA~ jisa jisa ko AcArya ke sAtha eka hI vihAra meM rahane Adi kI suvidhA tathA anukUlatA ho, use vahIM karmasthAna kA parizodhana karate hue rahanA cAhiye / yadi vahA~ suvidhA na ho to gavyUti', ardhayojana yA eka yojana ke andara jo bhI anukUla vihAra ho vahA~ rahanA caahiye| aisA hone se karmasthAna ke kisI bhI sthala ke viSaya meM sandeha yA vismRti utpanna hone para samaya rahate hI vihAra meM karaNIya karake, bIca mArga meM Ane vAle grAmAdi meM bhikSATana karate hue bhojana samApta kara, AcArya ke nivAsasthAna para jAkara usa dina AcArya ke pAsa karmasthAna kA zodhana kara, dUsare dina AcArya kI vandanA karake vihAra se nikalakara mArga meM bhikSATana karate hue, vaha vinA thake hI apane nivAsasthAna para pahu~ca sakegA / yadi eka yojana ke bhItara bhI suvidhAjanaka sthAna na mile to use karmasthAna ke viSaya meM sabhI durUha sthaloM kA spaSTIkaraNa kara ( = granthisthAna ko kATakara ) karmasthAna ko suvizuddha evaM Avarjanapratibaddha (samAdhi kI anukUlatA ke liye svAnurUpa) karake dUra jAkara bhI samAdhi bhAvanA ke ananukUla vihAra ko chor3akara anurUpa vihAra meM sAdhanAbhyAsa karanA cAhiye / ananurUpa (=vAsa ke liye ayogya) vihAra 2. unameM 'ananurUpa vihAra' use kahate haiM jo aTThAraha doSoM meM se kisI eka se yukta ho / aTThAraha doSa ye haiM- (1) bar3A honA, (2) nayA honA, (3) jIrNa (= purAnA TUTA-phUTA ) honA, (4) mArga 1. abhidhAnappadIpikA koza ke anusAra 'gavyUti' 5600 gaja (eka bhUmi - mApa) ko kahate haiM /

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 165 nagarasannissitatA, dArusannissitatA, khettasannissitatA, visabhAgAnaM puggalAnaM atthitA, paTTanasannissitatA, paccantasannissitatA, rajasImasannissitatA, asappAyatA, kalyANamittAnaM alAbho ti imesaM aTThArasannaM dosAnaM aJatarena dosena samannAgato ananurUpo nAma, na tattha vihaatbbN| kasmA? mahAvihAre tAva bahU nAnAchandA snniptnti| te aJamaJja paTiviruddhatAya vattaM na karonti, bodhiyaGgaNAdIni asammaTThAneva honti, anupaTThApitaM pAnIyaM paribhojanIyaM / tatrAyaM 'gocaragAmaM piNDAya carissAmA' ti pattacIvaraM AdAya nikkhanto sace passati vattaM vA akataM, pAnIyaghaTaM vA rittaM, athAnena vattaM kAtabbaM hoti, pAnIyaM upaTThApetabbaM / akaronto vattabhede duSkaTaM Apajjati, karontassa kAlo atikkamati, atidivA paviTTho niTThitAya bhikkhAya kiJci na lbhti| paTisallAnagato pi sAmaNeradaharabhikkhUnaM uccAsaddena saGghakammehi ca vikkhipati / (1) ___ yattha pana sabbaM vattaM katameva hoti, avasesA pi ca saGghaTanA ntthi| evarUpe mahAvihAre pi vihaatbbN| - navavihAre bahu navakammaM hoti, akarontaM ujjhaaynti| (2) ke samIpa honA, (5) pyAU, (6) patte, (7) phUla, (8) phala ke samIpa honA, (9) parvata-zikhara para honA'. (10) nagara ke samIpa honA, (11) kATha (aise vRkSa jinase IMdhana prApta hotA hai) ke samIpa honA, (12) kheta ke samIpa honA, (13) bemela (=virodhI) vyaktiyoM kA honA,(14) yAtriyoM ke vizrAmasthala ke pAsa honA, (15) mleccha (gande logoM ke) deza ke pAsa honA, (16) rAjya kI sImA ke pAsa honA, (17) ananukUlatA evaM (18) kalyANamitroM kA na milanA / ina aTThAraha doSoM meM se kisI se bhI yukta vihAra ananurUpa kahA jAtA hai| vahA~ sAdhanAbhyAsa nahIM karanA caahiye| kisaliye? (1) mahAvihAra meM bahuta se nAnA prakAra kI abhiruciyoM vAle loga rahate haiN| ve pArasparika virodha ke calate karaNIya (vihAra meM caitya aura bodhivRkSa ke pAsa jhADU lagAnA, ghar3e meM jala rakhanA Adi) nahIM krte| bodhi vRkSa ke A~gana Adi vinA jhAr3e-buhAre hI raha jAte haiM, nahAne-dhone kA jala bhI nahIM bharA gayA rahatA hai| aisI sthiti meM vahA~ 'gocara (=jahA~ bhikSA mA~ganI ho, aise) grAma meM bhikSATana karU~gA' isa prakAra socakara nikalate hue yadi vaha dekhatA hai ki karaNIya nahIM kiyA gayA hai yA jala kA ghar3A khAlI par3A hai, to use vaha karaNIya karanA par3atA hai, jala bharanA par3atA hai| na karane para vratabhaGga hone se duSkRta (-dukkaTa) hotA hai; aura karane para samaya atikrAnta jAtA hai| dina car3he grAma meM praveza karane para bhikSA meM kucha nahIM miltaa| ekAnta meM dhyAna karate samaya bhI zrAmaNeroM aura taruNa bhikSuoM ke jora jora se bolane aura saha ke kAryoM se usakA citta vikSipta hotA hai| kintu jahA~ sabhI karaNIya pUre kara liye jAte hoM aura jahA~ vikSobha ke anya kAraNa bhI na hoM, aise mahAvihAra meM hI rahanA caahiye| (2) nava (nirmita) vihAra meM bahuta se nirmANa-karma karane par3ate haiN| jo nahIM karatA usa para 1. pattha' kA paramparAprApta artha hai prvtshikhr| dekheM abhi0 pa0. pRSTha 108 / kintu bhikSu jJAnamauli ne 'patthanIyatA' kA artha 'prasiddhi kiyA hai evaM bhikSa dharmarakSita ne 'pUjanIya sthAna |-anu0 -

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166 visuddhimagga yattha pana bhikkhU evaM vadanti-"AyasmA yathAsukhaM samaNadhammaM karotu, mayaM navakamma karissAmA" ti, evarUpe vihAtabbaM / / jiNNavihAre pana bahu paTijaggitabbaM hoti, antamaso attano senAsanamattaM pi apaTijaggantaM ujjhAyanti, paTijaggantassa kammaTThAnaM prihaayti| (3) __panthanissite mahApathavihAre ratindivaM AgantukA snniptnti| vikAle AgatAnaM attano senAsanaM datvA rukkhamUle vA pAsANapiDhe vA vasitabbaM hoti, punadivase pi evamevA ti kammaTThAnassa okAso na hoti| yattha pana evarUpo AgantukasambAdho na hoti, tattha vihAtabbaM / (4) soNDI nAma pAsANapokkharaNI hoti| tattha pAnIyatthaM mahAjano samosarati, nagaravAsInaM rAjakulUpakattherAnaM antevAtikA rajanakammatthAya Agacchanti, tesaM bhAjanadArudoNikAdIni pucchantAnaM asuke ca asuke ca ThAne ti dassetabbAni honti, evaM sabbakAlaM pi niccabyAvaTo hoti / (5) yattha nAnAvidhaM sAkapaNNaM hoti, tatthassa kammaTThAnaM gahetvA divAvihAraM nisinnassA pi santike sAkahArikA gAyamAnA paNNaM uccinantiyo visabhAgasaddasaGghaTTanena kammaTThAnantarAyaM kronti| (6) yattha pana nAnAvidhA mAlAgacchA supupphitA honti, tatrA pi tAdiso yeva upddvo|(7) anya bhikSu krodha karate haiN| kintu jahA~ bhikSu aisA kahate ho-"AyuSman! sukhapUrvaka zramaNa dharma kA pAlana kareM, yaha nirmANa kArya hama kara leMge to aise navavihAra meM rahanA caahiye| (3) jIrNa-zIrNa vihAra meM sudhArane ke liye bahuta-kucha huA karatA hai| jo bhikSu kama se kama apane zayanAsana taka kA sudhAra nahIM karatA, usa para anya bhikSu krodha karate haiN| sudhAra karane para karmasthAna kI hAni hotI hai| (4) mArga ke samIpa- mukhya mArga ke pAsa vAle vihAra meM rAta-dina Agantuka AyA karate haiN| asamaya meM Ane vAloM ko apanA zayanAsana dekara per3a ke nIce yA kisI prastara-zilA para rahanA par3atA hai| ho sakatA hai dUsare dina bhI aisA hI ho jAya / isa prakAra karmasthAna ke liye samaya nahIM baca paataa| kintu jahA~ isa prakAra AgantukoM kI bhIr3a-bhAr3a na ho, vahA~ rahanA caahiye| (5) soNDI- pASANa-puSkariNI (=pahAr3I prAkRtika jalAzaya) ko 'soNDI' kahate haiN| vahA~ jala ke liye bahuta se loga Ate rahate haiM, nagaravAsI yA rAjagharAnoM dvArA prazrayaprApta sthaviro ke ziSyagaNa vastroM kI ra~gAI ke liye Ate haiN| jaba ye pUchate haiM ki bartana, lakar3I, droNikA ( ra~gAI ke liye kuNDI) Adi kahA~ hai? taba unheM 'yahA~ hai, vahA~ haiM isa prakAra dikhalAnA par3atA hai| isa prakAra vaha logoM se nirantara ghirA rahatA hai| (6) patra- jahA~ aneka prakAra ke sAga-pAta ke paudhe hote haiM, vahA~ jaba yaha bhikSu karmasthAna grahaNa kara dina meM sAdhanA ke liye baiThatA hai, taba bhI usake Asa-pAsa sAga tor3ane vAlI striyA~ gAtI huI, patte tor3atI huI viparIta (striyoM kA darzana, zabda-zravaNa Adi bhikSu ke liye anupayukta=viparIta) zabdoM se karmasthAna meM vighna karatI hai| 1.jIrNa vihAra meM bhI jahA~ bhikSu isa prakAra kahate hoM- "AyuSmana! sukhapUrvaka zramaNadharma kA pAlana kareM, hama sudhAra kara lege" to , aise meM rahanA cAhiye-yaha bhI vidhi prApta hotI hai, parantu pahale kaha dI jAne se yahA~ nahI kahI gyii| - anu0|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 167 yattha nAnAvidhaM ambajambupanasAdiphalaM hoti, tattha phalatthikA AgantvA yAcanti, adentassa kujjhanti, balakArena vA gaNhanti / sAyanhasamaye vihAramajhe caGkamantena te disvA "kiM, upAsakA, evaM karothA" ti vuttA yathAruci akosnti| avAsAya pissa prkkmnti|(8) patthanIye pana leNasammate dakkhiNagiri-hatthikucchi-cetiyagiri-cittalapabbatasadise vihAre viharantaM 'ayamarahA' ti sambhAvetvA vanditukAmA manussA samantA osaranti, tenassa na phAsu hoti| (9) yassa pana taM sappAyaM hoti, tena divA ajhatra gantvA rattiM vasitabbaM / nagarasannissite visabhAgArammaNAni ApAthamAgacchanti, kumbhadAsiyo pi ghaTehi nighaMsantiyo gacchanti, okkamitvA maggaM na denti, issaramanussA pi vihAramajjhe sANiM parikkhipitvA nisiidnti| (10) dArusannissaye pana yattha kaTThAni ca dabbUpakaraNarukkhA ca santi, tattha kaThThahArikA pubbevuttasAkapupphahArikA viya aphAsuM karonti, 'vihAre rukkhA santi, te chinditvA gharAni karissAmA' ti manussA AgantvA chindnti| sace sAyanhasamayaM padhAnagharA nikkhamitvA vihAramajhe caGkamanto te disvA "kiM upAsakA evaM karothA" ti vadati, yathAruci akkosanti, avAsAya pissa prkmnti| (11) __ yo pana khettasannissito hoti samantA khettehi parivArito, tattha manussA (7) puSpa- jahA~ nAnA prakAra ke latA-gulma phUle hue hote haiM, vahA~ bhI ukta prakAra kA upadrava hotA hai| (8) phala- jahA~ aneka prakAra ke Ama, jAmuna, kaTahala Adi phala vRkSa hote haiM, vahA~ phala cAhane vAle Akara mA~gate haiM, na dene para kruddha hote haiM yA balapUrvaka le lete haiN| sAyaMkAla jaba vaha vihAra ke bIca caMkramaNa karate hue, unheM dekhakara-'upAsako! aisA kyoM kara rahe ho' kahatA hai to ve use mana se kosate haiN| use usa vihAra se haTA dene kA bhI prayatna karate haiN| (9) parvata-sthala meM- dakSiNagiri, hastikukSi, caityagiri, cittala parvata jaisI guphAoM ke samAna (bane) vihAra meM sAdhanA karane vAle ko 'yaha arhat hai' isa sambhAvanA se, praNAma karane kI icchA vAle loga cAroM ora se Ate haiM, jisase usakI sAdhanA meM asuvidhA hotI hai| kintu jisake liye yaha suvidhAjanaka ho use, dina meM anyatra jAkara, rAta meM aise sthAna para rahanA caahiye| (10) nagara ke samIpa (vihAra meM)- viparIta Alambana (-strI Adi) mArga meM A jAte haiN| ghar3A lekara calane vAlI dAsiyA~ (=panihArine) bhI ghar3oM se ragar3atI huI jAtI haiM, bIca meM Akara use mArga nahIM detIM / aizvaryavAlI puruSa vihAra ke bIca TATa bichAkara baiTha jAte haiN| (11) lakar3iyoM ke pAsa-jahA~ lakar3iyA~ aura lakar3I ke sAmAna banAne yogya vRkSa hote haiM, lakar3ahArine pUrvokta sAga aura phUla tor3ane vAliyoM ke hI samAna asuvidhA utpanna karatI haiM, 'vihAra meM vRkSa haiM, unheM kATakara ghara banAyeMge' aisA socakara manuSya Akara vRkSa kATate haiN| yadi sAyaGkAla samAdhi-kakSa se nikalakara vihAra ke bIca caMkramaNa karate hue unheM dekhakara vaha-'upAsako, aisA kyoM karate ho'-aisA kahatA hai, to ve use jaise mana meM AtA hai vaise kosate haiM, use vahA~ se haTAne kA bhI prayatna karate haiN|

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168 visuddhimagga vihAramajJayeva khalaM katvA dhakaM maddanti, pamukhesu sayanti, alaMpi bahuM aphaasuNkronti| yatrApi mahAsaGghabhogo hoti, ArAmikA kulAnaM gAvo rundhanti, udakavAraM parisedhenti, manussA vIhisIsaM gahetvA "passatha tumhAkaM ArAmikAnaM kammaM" ti saGghassa dssenti| tena tena kAraNena rAjarAja-mahAmattAnaM gharadvAraM gantabbaM hoti| ayaM pi khettasannissiteneva sngghito| (12) visabhAgAnaM puggalAnaM atthitA ti| yattha aJamadhe visabhAgaverI bhikkhU viharanti, ye kalahaM karontA "mA, bhante, evaM karothA" ti vAriyamAnA "etassa paMsukUlikassa AgatakAlato paTThAya naTThamhA" ti vattAro bhvnti| (13) yo pi udakapaTTanaM vA thalapaTTanaM vA nissito hoti, tattha abhiNhaM nAvAhi ca satthehi ca AgatamanussA 'okAsaM detha, pAnIyaM, loNaM dethA' ti ghaTTayantA aphAsuM kronti|(14) paccantasannissite pana manussA buddhAdIsu appasannA honti| (15) rajasImasanissite rAjabhayaM hoti| taM hi padesaM eko rAjA 'na mayhaM vase vattatI' ti paharati, itaro pi'na mayhaM vase vattatI' ti| tatrAyaM bhikkhu kadAci imassa raJA vijite vicarati, kadAci etss|ath naM'carapuriso ayaM' ti maJamAnA anayabyasanaM pApenti / (16) asappAyatA ti| visabhAgarUpAdiArammaNasamosaraNena vA amanussapariggahitAya vA asppaaytaa| tatridaM vatthu -eko kira thero araje vsti| athassa ekA yakkhinI (12) kheta ke samIpa- jo vihAra khetoM se cAroM ora se ghirA huA hotA hai, vahA~ manuSya vihAra ke bIca meM hI Ukhala (=jisame anAja kA kUTA jAtA hai) banAkara dhAna kUTate haiM, osAroM meM pasArate haiM aura bhI bahuta prakAra se udvigna karate haiN| jahA~ bhI saGgha kI mahatI sampatti hotI hai, vahA~ vihAra meM rahane vAle loga gRhastha kuloM kI gAyoM ko ghusane nahIM dete, pAnI kI bArI kA niSedha karate haiN| loga sUkhate hue dhAna kI bAliyoM ko siro se pakar3akara "dekhiye apane vihAravAsiyo kI karatUta!" isa prakAra saGgha ko dikhAte haiN| isa-usa kAraNa se rAjA, rAjamantriyoM ke ghara jAnA par3atA hai-yaha bhI 'kheta ke samIpa vihAra' meM hI saMgRhIta hai| (13) viparIta (=virodhI) vyaktiyoM kA rahanA- jahA~ paraspara virodhI, vairI bhikSu rahate haiM, jo ki kalaha karane para yadi "bhante, aisA mata kariye" isa prakAra roke jAte hai to "isa pAMzukUlika ke Ate hI hama to vinaSTa ho gaye!"-aisA jhallAhaTa ke kAraNa kahate hai| (14) bandaragAha yA vizrAmAlaya ke pAsa jo vihAra hotA hai, vahA~ rAta-dina nAva se yA sArtha (=kAphile) ke sAtha Aye hue loga "sthAna dIjiye, jala dIjiye, namaka dIjiye" isa prakAra dhakkAmukkI karate hue sAdhanA meM vyavadhAna karate rahate haiN| (15) sImAvartI vihAra meM-- loga buddha Adi ke prati zraddhA nahIM rakhate (sambhavataH isaliye ki ve sImA ke pAra rahane vAle vidharmiyoM ke samparka meM Ate haiM) ataH vahA~ bhI nahIM rahanA caahiye| (16) rAjya kI sImA ke samIpa vihAra meM-rAjA kA bhaya hotA hai| usa pradeza para eka rAjA "yaha kSetra mere vaza meM kyoM nahIM rahatA" aisA socakara AkramaNa karatA hai to dUsarA bhI mere vaza meM kyoM nahIM rahatA' aisA socakara / vahA~ yaha bhikSu kabhI isa rAjA ke vijita kSetra meM vicaratA hai to kabhI usake / ataH ise 'yaha guptacara hai aisA mAnakara pratADita karate hai|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 169 paNNasAladvAre ThatvA gAyi / so nikkhamitvA dvAre aTThAsi / sA gantvA caGkamanasIse gAyi / thero caGkamanasIsaM agamAsi / sA sataporise papAte ThatvA gAyi / thero paTinivatti / atha naM sA vegena gahetvA "mayA, bhante, na eko na dve tumhAdisA khAditA" ti Aha / (17) kalyANamittAnaM alAbho ti / yattha na sakkA hoti AcariyaM vA AcariyasamaM vA upajjhAyaM vA upajjhAyasamaM vA kalyANamittaM laddhuM / tattha so kalyANamittAnaM alAbho mahAdoso yevAti / imesaM aTThArasannaM dosAnaM aJJatarena samannAgato ananurUpo ti veditabbo / (18) vRttaM picettaM aTThakathAsu "mahAvAsaM navAvAsaM jarAvAsaM ca panthaniM / soNDiM paNNaM ca pupphaM ca phalaM patthitameva ca // nagaraM dArunA khettaM vibhAgena paTTanaM / paccantasImAsappAyaM yattha mitto na labbhati // aTTarasetAni ThAnAni iti viJJAya paNDito / ArakA parivajjeyya maggaM sappaTibhayaM yathA" ti // anurUpavihAro 3. yo pana gocaragAmato nAtidUranAccAsannatAdIhi paJcahi aGgehi sapannAgato, ayaM anurUpa nAma / vRttaM taM bhagavatA - " kathaM ca, bhikkhave, senAsanaM paJcaGgasamannAgataM hoti ? (17) anupayuktatA - viparItarUpa (= strI Adi) AlambanoM ke saMyoga ke kAraNa yA amanuSyoM (yakSa Adi) ke dvArA parigRhIta hone ke kAraNa pratikUlatA / isa prasaGga meM yaha kathA hai- kahate haiM ki eka sthavira jaGgala meM rahate the| usa samaya eka yakSiNI ne unake dvAra para khar3e hokara eka gIta gAyA to ve nikala kara dvAra para A khar3e hue| taba usane jAkara caMkramaNa (=sthala) ke chora para gaayaa| sthavira caMkramaNasthala ke chora para aaye| phira usane sau porasA gahare (jala) prapAta meM khar3e hokara gaayaa| sthavira lauTane lge| taba usane daur3akara unheM pakar3a kara kahA--''bhante, maiMne tumhAre jaise na eka, na do ko arthAt bahutoM ko khAyA hai|" (18) kalyANamitroM kA na milanA- jahA~ AcArya yA AcArya ke samAna upAdhyAya yA upAdhyAya ke samAna kalyANamitroM ko milanA sambhava na ho| usameM bhI kalyANamitroM kA na milanA to mahAdoSa hI hai| ina aTThAraha doSoM meM se kisI eka se bhI yukta sthAna ko anupayukta jAnanA cAhiye / / aTThakathAoM meM yaha kahA bhI gayA hai "mahA AvAsa (= vihAra), nava AvAsa, jIrNa AvAsa, mArga ke samIpa vAlA, soNDI, patte, phUla, phala se yukta, parvatazikhara para sthita, nagara ke samIpa, lakar3iyoM ke pAsa, kheta ke pAsa, 1 , virodhiyoM yukta, yAtrI vizrAmasthala, sImAvartI deza, rAjya kI sImA para sthita, ananukUla, jahA~ kalyANamitra na mileM--ina aTThAraha sthAnoM ko isa prakAra doSa se yukta jAnakara paNDitajana inakA bhayAvaha mArga ke samAna dUra se hI parityAga kara deM / / anurUpa (anukUla ) vihAra 3. jo (vihAra) ' gocara - grAma se na bahuta dUra, na bahuta pAsa' Adi pA~ca aGgoM se yukta hotA hai, vaha anurUpa kahA jAtA / kyoMki bhagavAn ne bhI yaha kahA hai- "bhikSuo ! kisa prakAra kA

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170 visuddhimagga idha,bhikkhave, senAsanaM nAtidUra hoti nAccAsannaM gamanAgamanasampannaM, divA appAkiNNaM rattiM appasadaM appanigghosaM, appaDaMsamakasavAtAtapasarIsapasamphassaM hoti, tasmi kho pana senAsane viharantassa appakasireneva uppajjanti cIvarapiNDapAtasenAsanagilAnapaccayabhesajjaparikkhArA, tasmi kho pana senAsane therA bhikkhU viharanti bahussutA AgatAgamA dhammadharA vinayadharA mAtikAdharA, te kAlena kAlaM upasaGkamitvA paripucchati paripaJhati- 'idaM, bhante, kathaM, imassa ko attho?' ti, tassa te Ayasmanto avivaTaM ceva vivaranti, anuttAnIkataM ca uttAnIkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaTThAniyesu dhammesu kaDaM paTivinodenti / evaM kho, bhikkhave, senAsanaM paJcaGgasamannAgataM hotI" (aM0 4-110)ti| ayaM "samAdhibhAvanAya ananurUpaM vihAraM pahAya . anurUpe vihAre viharantenA" ti ettha vitthaaro|| khuddakapalibodhA 4.khuddakapalibodhupacchedaM katvA ti| evaM patirUpe vihAre viharantena ye pissa te honti khuddakapalibodhA, te pi upcchinditbbaa| seyyathIdaM-dIghAni kesanakhalomAni chinditbbaani| jiNNacIvaresu daLahIkammaM vA tunnakammaM vA kAtabbaM / kiliTThAni vA rajitabbAni / sace patte malaM hoti, patto pcitbbo| maJcapIThAdIni sodhetabbAnI ti| ayaM 'khuddakapalibodhupacchedaM katyA' ti ettha vitthAro / bhAvanAvidhikathA 5. idAni sabbaM bhAvanAvidhAnaM aparihApentena bhAvetabbo ti| ettha ayaM pathavIkasiNaM Adi katvA sabbakammaTThAnavasena vitthArakathA hoti| evaM upacchinnakhuddakapalizayanAsana pA~ca aGgoM se yukta hotA hai? yahA~, bhikSuo! 1. (koI-koI) zayanAsana na to bahuta dUra hotA hai, na bahuta pAsa; AvAgamana (kI suvidhA) se sampanna hotA hai; dina meM bahuta adhika bhIr3a-bhAr3a nahIM hotI aura rAta meM kolAhala kama hotA hai, DaMsa, macchara, A~dhI-tUphAna, dhUpa, sA~pa-vicchU Adi (sarIsRpa) kA upadrava kama hotA hai; 2. usa zayanAsana meM vihAra karane vAle ko cIvara, bhojana, auSadhi aura pathya anAyAsa mila jAyA karate haiM; 3. usa zayanAsana meM sthavira bhikSu vihAra karate haiM jo bahuzruta, AgamoM meM pAraGgata, dharmadhara, vinayadhara evaM mAtRkAdhara hote haiN| 4. unake pAsa samaya-samaya para jAkara kara vaha pachatA hai-"bhante, yaha kaise hotA hai? isakA kyA artha hai?" 5. usake liye ve AyuSmAn DhaMke hue ko ughAr3a dete haiM, aspaSTa ko spaSTa kara dete hai aura zaGkA utpanna karane vAle aneka dharmoM ke bAre meM zaGkA dUra kara dete haiN| bhikSuo, isa prakAra zayanAsana pA~ca aGgoM se yukta hotA hai|| (aM0 4-100) yaha 'samAdhi-bhAvanA ke anurUpa vihAra ko tyAgakara anurUpa vihAra karate hue' vAkyAMza kI vyAkhyA hai|| choTe-choTe (kSudraka) palibodha 4. khuddakapalibodhupacchedaM katvA- (choTe-choTe paribodhoM kA nAza karake- pR0 125)-yoM anurUpa vihAra meM viharate hue jo isake choTe-choTe palibodha bhI hoM, unakA bhI nAza kara denA caahiye| jaise-bar3he hue keza, nakha, lomo ko kATa denA cAhiye / phaTe cIvaroM ko silane yA paibanda lagAne kA kAma kara lenA caahiye| ve gande hoM to unheM punaH ra~ga lenA caahiye| jo pAtra maile hoM unheM (sApha kara) raMga lenA caahiye| cArapAI, caukI Adi sApha kara lenI cAhiye / / yaha 'choTe-choTe paribodhoM kA nAza karake kI vyAkhyA hai|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 171 bodhena hi bhikkhunA pacchAbhattaM piNDapAtapaTikkantena bhattasammadaM paTivinodetvA pavivitte okAse sukhanisinnena katAya vA akatAya vA pathaviyA nimittaM gaNhitabbaM / 6. vuttaM hetaM__ "pathavIkasiNaM uggaNhanto pathaviyaM nimittaM gaNhAti kate vA akate vA, santike no antake, sakoTiye no akoTiye, savaTume no avaTume; sapariyante no apariyante, suppamatte vA sarAvamatte vaa| so taM nimittaM suggahitaM karoti, sUpadhAritaM upAdhAreti, suvavatthitaM vvtthpeti|so taM nimittaM suggahitaM katvA, sUpadhAritaM upadhAretvA, suvavatthitaM vavatthapetvA, AnisaMsadassAvI ratanasaJjI hutvA, cittIkAraM upaTThapetvA sampiyAyamAno tasmi ArammaNe cittaM upanibandhati 'addhA imAya paTipadAya jarAmaraNamhA muccissAmI' ti / so vivicceva kAmehi pe... paThamaM jhAnaM upasampaja viharatI" ( )ti| 7. tattha yena atItabhave pi sAsane vA isipabbajAya vA pabbajitvA pathavIkasiNe catukkapaJcakajhAnAni nibbattitapubbAni, evarUpassa puJjavato upanissayasampannassa akatAya pathaviyA kasitaTThAne vA khalamaNDale vA nimittaM uppajjati mallakattherassa viy| tassa kirAyasmato kasitaTThAnaM olokentassa taMThAnappamANameva nimittaM udpaadi| so taM vaDDatvA paJcakajjhAnAni nibbattetvA jhAnapadavAnaM vipassanaM paTThapetvA arahattaM paapunni| 8. yo panevaM akatAdhikAro hoti, tena Acariyassa santike uggahitakammaTThAnavidhAnaM bhAvanAvidhAna 5. aba, sabbaM bhAvanAvidhAnaM aparihApentena bhAvetabbaM (bhAvanAvidhAna meM se kisI ko bhI na chor3ate hue bhAvanA karanI cAhiye- pRSTha 125)- isa pRthvIkasiNa se prArambha kara sabhI karmasthAnoM kI vyAkhyA kI jaaygii| isa prakAra choTe choTe paribodhoM kA nAza kara cuke, bhojana ke pazcAt bhikSATana se lauTe bhikSu ko bhojana se utpanna tandrA ko dUrakara, ekAnta sthAna para suvidhA se baiThakara (miTTI se vRttAkAra) banAye yA na banAye gaye pRthvI ke nimitta ko grahaNa karanA caahiye| 6.kyoMki kisI prAcIna TIkA meM yaha kahA gayA hai-"pRthvIkasiNa kA udgrahaNa (=grahaNa) karane vAlA kRta yA akRta, sAnta na ki ananta, koNasahita na ki koNarahita, vartulAkAra na ki avartulAkAra, saparyanta (=sImita) na ki aparyanta (=asImita), sUpamAtra yA zarAvamAtra parimANa vAle pRthvI-nimitta kA grahaNa karatA hai| vaha usa nimitta ko bhalIbhA~ti grahaNa karatA hai, dhAraNa karatA hai aura mana meM suvyavasthita karatA hai| vaha usa nimitta ko bhalIbhA~ti grahaNa kara, dhAraNa kara, suvyavasthita kara, isake mAhAtmya ko dekhane vAlA evaM ise ratna ke samAna samajhane vAlA hokara, usake prati mana meM Adara utpanna kara, use priya mAnate hue, yaha soca kara ki "avazya hI maiM isa mArga ke sahAre jarAmaraNa se mukta ho jAU~gA" usa Alambana meM citta lagAtA hai| vaha kAmanAoM se rahita hokara...pUrvavat....prathama dhyAna ko prApta kara viharatA hai|"( ) 7. jisane pUrvajanma meM bhI (buddha-) zAsana meM yA RSi (buddha-) pravrajyA meM pravrajita hokara pRthvIkasiMNa meM caturtha-paJcaka dhyAnoM ko pahale hI prApta kara liyA hai, aise puNyavAn upaniyasampanna ko (golAkAra) na banAye gaye pRthvIkasiNa meM (jaise ki) jote hue sthAna (kheta) meM yA khalamaNDala (khalihAna) meM nimitta utpanna ho jAtA hai, mAlaka sthavira ke samAna / una AyuSmAn ko jote gaye sthAna ko dekhate hue usa sthAna ke pramANa (=AkAra) kA hI nimitta utpanna huaa| unhoMne usakA vardhana kara dhyAnapaJcaka ko prApta kara, dhyAna ke padasthAna vipazyanA kA abhyAsa kara arhattva prApta kiyaa|

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172 visuddhimagga avirAdhetvA catAro kasiNadose parihantena kasiNaM kAtabbaM / nIla-pIta-lohita-odAtasambhedavasena hi cattAro pthviiksinndosaa| tasmA nIlAdivaNNaM mattikaM aggahetvA gaGgAvahe mattikAsadisAya aruNavaNNAya mattikAya kasiNaM kAtabbaM / taM ca kho vihAramajhe sAmaNerAdInaM saJcaraNaTThAne na kAtabbaM / vihArapaccante pana paTicchannaTThAne pabbhAre vA paNNasAlAya vA saMhArimaM vA tatraTThakaM vA kaatbbN| __ tatra saMhArimaM catUsu daNDakesu pilotikaM vA cammaM vA kaTasArakaM vA bandhitvA tattha apanItatiNamUlasakkharakathalikAya sumadditAya mattikAya vuttappamANaM varlDa limpetvA kAtabbaM / taM parikammakAle bhUmiyaM attharitvA oloketabbaM / tatraTThakaM bhUmiyaM padumakaNNikAkArena khANuke AkoTetvA vallIhi vinandhitvA kAtabbaM / yadi sA mattikA nappahoti, adho anaM pakkhipitvA uparibhAge suparisodhitAya aruNavaNNAya mattikAya vidatthicaturaGgalavitthAraM vaTai kAtabbaM / etadeva hi pamANaM sandhAya-"suppamate vA sarAvamatte vA" ti vuttN| "sAMntake no anantake' ti Adi panassa paricchedatthAya vuttN| 9. tasmA evaM vuttappamANaparicchedaM katvA rukkhapANikA visabhAgavaNNaM samuTThapeti, tasmA taM aggahetvA-pAsANapANikAya ghasetvA samaM bherItalasadisaM katvA taM ThAnaM sammajjitvA nhAtvA AgantvA kasiNamaNDalato aDateyyahatthantare padese paJatte vidatthicaturaGgalapAdake suatthate pIThe nisIditabbaM / tato dUratare nisinnassa hi kasiNaM na upaTThAti, Asannatare kasiNadosA paaynti| uccatare nisinena gIvaM onamitvA oloketabbaM hoti, nIcatare jaNNukAni rujnti| 8.kintu jo pUrvajanma kA sukRta na hone se, akRtAdhikArI hai, use AcArya ke samIpa sIkhe gaye karmasthAna kI vidhi ko bhaGga na karate hue, kasiNa ke cAra doSoM ko dUra karate hue kasiNa banAnA caahiye| nIla, pIta, lohita, avadAta bheda ke anusAra pRthvIkasiNa ke cAra doSa hote haiN| isaliye nIla Adi varNa vAlI miTTI ko na lekara gaGgA ke srota kI miTTI ke samAna aruNa raMga kI miTTI se kasiNa banAnA cAhiye; evaM use vihAra meM aise sthAna para nahIM banAnA cAhiye jahA~ zrAmaNera Adi idhara udhara ghUmate rahate hoM; apitu vihAra kI sImA para sthita kisI pracchanna sthAna para, paDabhAra (=chajje) ke nIce, parNazAlA meM le jAyA jAne vAlA yA vahIM rahane vAlA pRthvIkasiNa banAnA caahiye| (1) le jAye jAne vAle kasiNa ko cAra DaNDoM meM kapar3A, camar3A yA caTAI bA~dhakara usa para tRNa, jar3a,kaMkar3a se rahita gUMthI huI miTTI se, kahe gaye parimANa kA golA lIpakara banAnA caahiye| parikarma ( dhyAna ke prAthamika stara) ke samaya use bhUmi para rakhakara dekhanA caahiye| (2) vahIM rahane vAle ko bhUmi para kamala kI karNikA (bAharI AcchAdana) ke AkAra ke khUTe gAr3akara latAoM se bA~dhakara banAnA caahiye| yadi yaha sApha kI huI miTTI paryApta na ho, to nIce dUsarI miTTI DAlakara Upara acchI taraha se sApha kI huI aruNa raMga kI miTTI se eka bAlizta cAra aGgula vistAra vAlA vRtta banAnA caahiye| isI parimANa ke liye 'sUpamAtra yA zarAvamAtra' kahA gayA hai| 'sAnta, na ki ananta' Adi usakI sImA ke nirdhAraNa ke liye kahA gayA hai| 9. ataH isa prakAra kathita parimANa kA vRtta banAkara, kyoMki kucandana Adi vRkSa kI lakar3I se banI huI pANikA (=eka prakAra kA cammaca) raMga ko viparIta (lAla) kara detI hai, ataH use na lekara patthara kI pANikA se ghisakara samatala, nagAr3e ke tale jaisA karake, usa sthAna ko jhAr3akara nahAne ke bAda Akara kasiNamaNDala se DhAI hAtha kI dUra para bichI huI cAra aGgula ke pAyoM vAlI

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 173 10. tasmA vuttanayeneva nisIditvA "appassAdA kAmA" ti AdinA nayena kAmasu AdInavaM paccavekkhitvA kAmanissaraNe sabbadukkhasamatikamassa upAyabhUte nekkhamme jAtAbhilAsena buddha-dhamma-saGkaguNAnussaraNena pItipAmojaM janayitvA "ayaM dAni sA sabbabuddha-paccekabuddha-ariyasAvakehi paTipannA nekkhammapaTipadA" ti paTipattiyA saJjAtagAravena "addhA imAya paTipadAya pavivekasukharasassa bhAgI bhavissAmI"ti ussAhaM janayitvA samena AkArena cakkhUni ummIletvA nimittaM gaNhantena bhAvetabbaM / / 11. atiummIlayato hi cakkhu kilamati, maNDalaM ca ativibhUtaM hoti, tenassa nimittaM nuppjjti| atimandaM ummIlayato maNDalaM avibhUtaM hoti, cittaM ca lInaM hoti, evaM pi nimittaM nuppjjti| tasmA, AdAsatale mukhanimittadassinA viya, samena AkArena cakSUni ummIletvA nimittaM gaNhantena bhAvetabbaM / navaNNo paccavekkhitabbo, na lakkhaNaM manasi kAtabbaM / api ca-vaNNaM amuJcitvA nissayasavaNNaM katvA ussadavasena paNNattidhamme citte paTThapetvA manasi kAtabbaM / pathavI, mahI, medinI, bhUmi, vasudhA, vasundharA ti AdIsu pathavInAmesuyaM icchati, yadassa sAnukUlaM hoti, taM vattabbaM / api ca 'pathavI' ti etadeva nAmaM pAkaTaM, tasmA pAkaTavaseneva pathavI', 'pathavI' ti bhAvetabbaM / kAlena ummIletvA kAlena nimmIletvA AvajjitabbaM / yAva uggahanimittaM nuppajati, tAva kAlasataM pi kAlasahassaM pi tato bhiyyo pi eteneva nayena bhaavetbbN| caukI (pITha) para baiThanA caahiye| usase adhika dUra para baiThane vAle ke liye kasiNa samIpa nahIM raha pAtA; aura usase adhika pAsa baiThane para kasiNa ke doSa dikhAyI dene lagate haiN| isI taraha usase adhika U~cAI para baiThane para gardana jhukA kara dekhanA par3atA hai yA usase adhika nIce baiThane para ghuTane dukhane lagate haiN| 10. ataH pUrvokta vidhi se sAr3he tIna hAtha vAle parimANa ke pradeza meM cAra bAlista caur3e pITha para baiThakara "kAmabhoga alpasvAda haiM" Adi prakAra se kAmanAoM ke doSa kA pratyavekSaNa karate hue, kAma ke niHsaraNa evaM samasta duHkhoM ke samatikramaNa ke upAyasvarUpa niSkramaNa (=dhyAna) ke abhilASI ko buddha, dharma, saGgha ke guNa-smaraNoM dvArA prItiprAmodaya utpanna kara "yahI vaha sarvabuddha, pratyekabuddha, arhat, zrAvakoM dvArA pratipanna niSkramaNa mArga hai"-yoM vicAra karate hue pratipatti ke prati gaurava karate hue "avazya hI isa pratipatti se ekAnta sukha ke rasa kA bhAgI banU~gA" isa prakAra utsAha utpanna kara, sAmAnya DhaMga se A~kheM kholakara nimitta kA grahaNa karate hue bhAvanA karanI caahiye| 11. kyoMki adhika kholane se A~kha thaka jAtI hai, maNDala bhI bahuta adhika spaSTa ho jAtA hai, isa liye ise nimitta nahIM utpanna hotA / bahuta kama kholane se maNDala aspaSTa hotA hai aura citta' bhI alasAyA sA rahatA hai, ataH isa prakAra bhI nimitta utpanna nahIM hotaa| isaliye darpaNa ke tala meM mukha kI praticchavi dekhane vAle ke samAna, sAmAnya DhaMga se A~kheM kholakara nimitta kA grahaNa karate hue bhAvanA karanI caahiye| na varNa kA pratyavekSaNa karanA cAhiye, na lakSaNa ko mana meM lAnA cAhiye / sAtha hI, dhyAna meM varNa ko na chor3ate hue, AdhAra kasiNa kI varNa ke anukUla bhAvanA karate hue pramukhataH prajJaptidharma meM citta ko sthApita kara mana meM le AnA cAhiye / pRthvI, mahI, medinI, bhUmi, vasudhA, vasundharA Adi pRthvI ke nAmoM meM jise vaha cAhe, jo usakI saMjJA (cetanA) ke anukUla ho, usakA uccAraNa karanA caahiye| phira bhI 'pRthvI'-yahI nAma sarala hai, ataH saralatA ke kAraNa 'pRthvI',

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174 visuddhimagga . 12. tassevaM bhAvayato yadA nimmIletvA Avajantassa ummIlitakAle viya ApAthaM Agacchati, tadA uggahanimittaM jAtaM nAma hoti| tassa jAtakAlato paTThAya na tasmi ThAne nisIditabbaM / attano vasanaTThAnaM pavisitvA tattha nisinnena bhAvetabbaM / pAdaMdhovanapapaJcaparihAratthaM panassa ekapaTalikupAhanA ca kattaradaNDo ca icchitbbo| athAnena sace taruNo samAdhi kenacideva asappAyakAraNena nassati, upAhanA Aruyha kattaradaNDaM gahetvA taM ThAnaM gantvA nimittaM AdAya AgantvA sukhanisinena bhAvetabbaM, punappunaM samanAharitabbaM, takkAhataM vitakkAhataM kAtabbaM / tassa evaM karontassa anukkamena nIvaraNAni vikkhambhanti, kilesA sannisIdanti, upacArasamAdhinA cittaM samAdhiyati, paTibhAganimittaM uppjjti|| 13. tatrAyaM purimassa ca uggahanimittassa imassa ca viseso-uggahanimitte kasiNadoso paayti| paTibhAganimittaM thavikato nIhaTAdAsamaNDalaM viya sudhotasaGkhathAlaM viya valAhakantarA nikkhantacandamaNDalaM viya, meghamukhe balAkA viya, uggahanimittaM padAletvA nikkhantamiva tato sataguNaM sahassaguNaM suparisuddhaM hutvA uptttthaati| taM ca kho neva vaNNavantaM, na saNThAnavantaM / yadi hi taM IdisaM bhaveyya, cakSuvijJeyyaM siyA oLArikaM sammasanUpagaM tilakkhaNabbhAhataM / na panetaM taadisN| kevalaM hi samAdhilAbhino upaTThAnakAramattaM saJjajame ti| 'pRthvI'-isa prakAra hI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| kucha dera A~kheM kholakara to kucha dera banda karake nirIkSaNa-manana karate rahanA caahiye| jaba taka udgrahaNa-nimitta utpanna nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka isI vidhi se sau bAra, hajAra bAra yA usase bhI adhika bAra bhAvanA karanI caahiye| 12. usake isa prakAra bhAvanA karate rahane para, jaba use A~kheM banda karake manana karane para A~kheM khulI rahane ke samaya ke jaisA hI nimitta spaSTa rUpa se dikhAyI dene lage taba samajhanA cAhiye ki udgraha-nimitta utpanna ho gyaa| usake utpanna ho jAne ke samaya se usa sthAna para nahIM baiThanA caahiye| apane nivAsasthAna meM praveza kara vahA~ baiTha kara bhAvanA karanI caahiye| paira dhone ke saGkaTa se bacane ke liye yadi isake pAsa eka pairoM ko DhaMkane vAlA jUtA aura eka char3I ho to acchA hai| evaM yadi isakI taruNa ( navodita) samAdhi kisI bhI pratikUla kAraNa se naSTa ho jAtI hai to jUtA pahana kara char3I lekara usa sthAna para jAkara nimitta ko lekara phira Akara sukhapUrvaka baiThakara hI bhAvanA karanI cAhiye, punaH punaH dhyAna karanA cAhiye, tarka-vitarka karanA caahiye| aisA karate rahane para usake nIvaraNa kramazaH dUra ho jAte haiM, kleza baiTha (=daba) jAte haiM, upacArasamAdhi dvArA citta samAhita ho jAtA hai (evaM) pratibhAganimitta (=kasiNamaNDala ke barAbara parizuddha, vaisA hI nimitta) utpanna hotA hai| 13. pahale ke usa udgrahanimitta aura isa pratibhAganimitta meM yaha antara hai-udgrahanimitta meM kasiNa kA doSa jAna paDatA hai| kinta pratibhAganimitta kholI meM se nikAle gaye golAkAra darpaNa ke samAna, sIpa se banAyI gayI thAlI ke samAna, bAdaloM ke bIca se nikale candramaNDala ke samAna, meghoM ke bIca balAkA (=bagule) ke samAna prabhAsvara, udgrahanimitta ko bhedakara nikalate hue ke samAna usa udgrahanimitta se sau gunA, hajAra gunA parizuddha rUpa meM pratIta hotA hai| aura vaha bhI na to raMga ke sAtha, na saMsthAna (=AkRti) ke sAtha / yadi vaha aisA na bhI ho to A~khoM se jJAna hone yogya, sthUla, pakar3ane

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 175 uppannakAlato ca panassa paTThAya nIvaraNAni vikkhambhitAneva honti, kilesA sannisinA va, upacArasamAdhinA cittaM samAhitamevA ti| 14. duvidho hi samAdhi-upacArasamAdhi ca, appanAsamAdhi c| dvIhAkArehi cittaM samAdhiyati-upacArabhUmiyaM vA, paTilAbhabhUmiyaM vaa| tattha upacArabhUmiyaM nIvaraNappahAnena cittaM samAhita hoti, paTilAbhabhUmiyaM anggpaatubhaaven|| 15. dvinnaM pana samAdhInaM idaM nAnAkaraNaM-upacAre aGgAni na thAmajAtAni honti| aGgAnaM athAmajAtattA yathA nAma daharo kumArako ukkhipitvA ThapiyamAno punappunaM bhUmiyaM patati; emeva upacAre uppanne cittaM kAlena nimittaM ArammaNaM karoti, kAlena bhavaGgaM otrti| appanAyaM pana aGgAni thAmajAtAni honti| tesaM thAmajAtattA yathA nAma balavA puriso AsanA vuTThAya divasaM pi tiTTeyya, evameva appanAsamAdhimhi uppanne cittaM sakiM bhavaGgavAraM chinditvA kevalaM pi divasaM tiTThati / kusalajavanapaTipATivaseneva pavattatI ti| tatra yadetaM upacArasamAdhinA saddhiM paTibhAganimittaM uppannaM, tassa uppAdanaM nAma atidukkaraM / tasmA sace teneva pallaGkena taM nimittaM vaDDatvA appanaM adhigantuM sakkoti, sundrN| no ce sakkoti, athAnena taM nimittaM appamattena cakkavattigabbho viya rakkhitabbaM / evaM hi . nimittaM rakkhato laddhaparihAni na vijjti| __ Arakkhamhi asantamhi laddhaM laddhaM vinassati // yogya, tIna lakSaNo (anitya, duHkha, anAtma) se yukta ho| kintu vaha aisA nahIM hotaa| kevala samAdhi ke lAbhI ko hI pratIta AkAramAtra jJAta hotA hai| isake utpanna hone ke samaya se hI usa (bhikSu) ke nIvaraNa avaruddha hI hote haiM, kleza bhI dabe hue hI rahate haiM evaM citta upacArasamAdhi se samAhita hI huA karatA hai| samAdhi ke prakAra (=bheda) 14. samAdhi dvividha hotI hai- 1.upacArasamAdhi evaM 2. arpnnaasmaadhi| do prakAra se citta samAhita hotA hai-upacArabhUmi meM ( upacAra kI avasthA meM) yA pratilAbha (dhyAna-prApti) kI bhUmi meN| inameM, upacAra-bhUmi meM nIvaraNaprahANa se citta samAhita hotA hai aura pratilAbha-bhUmi meM dhyAna aGgoM ke prakaTa hone se| 15. donoM samAdhiyoM meM yaha antara hai-upacArAvasthA meM aGgabhAvanA bala dvArA sabala arthAt sthira nahIM hote| aGgoM ke sabala na hone se-jaise ki koI choTA baccA uThakara khar3A hone para bhI bAra bAra bhUmi para gira par3atA hai, aise hI upacAra ke utpanna hone para citta kabhI nimitta kA Alambana karatA hai to kabhI bhavana meM utara jAtA hai| kintu arpaNA meM aGga sabala hote haiN| unakI sabalatA se-jaise koI balavAn puruSa Asana se uThakara pUre dina bhara khar3A raha sakatA hai, vaise hI arpaNAsamAdhi utpanna hone para citta eka bAra bhavana ke pravAha ko rokakara pUrI rAta va pUre dina bhI banA rahatA hai| vaha kuzala javanacitta kI paddhati ke anusAra hI pravartita hotA hai| yaha jo upacAra-samAdhi ke sAtha pratibhAga (anukUla) nimitta utpanna hotA hai, usakA utpanna honA bahuta kaThina hai| isaliye yadi usI paryaGka (Asana) se usa nimitta kA vardhana karate hue arpaNA ko pA sake to bahuta acchA ho / yadi aisA na kara pAve to use usa nimitta kI apramAda ke sAtha cakravartI ke garbha ke samAna rakSA karanI cAhiye / kyoMki isa prakAra prApta nimitta kI rakSA karate hue hAni nahIM hotI; kintu rakSA na karane para hara bAra prApta kiyA huA nimitta vinaSTa ho jAtA hai||

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176 visuddhimagga sattasappAyasevanakathA 16. tatrAyaM rakkhaNavidhi AvAso, gocaro,bhassaM, puggalo, bhojanaM, utu| iriyApatho ti sattete asappAye vivajjaye // sappAye satta sevetha, evaM hi pttipjjto| nacireneva kAlena hoti kassaci appnaa|| (1) tatrassa yasmi AvAse vasantassa anuppannaM vA nimittaM nupajjati, uppannaM vA vinassati, anupaTThitA ca sati na upaTThAti, asamAhitaM ca cittaM na samAdhiyati, ayaM asppaayo| yattha nimittaM uppajjati ceva thAvaraM ca hoti, sati upaTThAti, cittaM samAdhiyati nAgapabbatavAsi-padhAniyatissattherassa viya, ayaM sppaayo| tasmA yasmi vihAre bahU AvAsA honti, tattha ekamekasmi tINi tINi divasAni vasitvA yatthassa cittaM ekaggaM hoti, tattha vasitabbaM / AvAsasappAyatAya hi tambapaNNidIpamhi cULanAgaleNe vasantA tattheva kammaTThAnaM gahetvA paJcasatA bhikkhU arahattaM paapunniNsu| sotApannAdInaM pana aJattha ariyabhUmiM patvA tattha arahattapattAnaM ca gaNanA ntthi| evaM ajesu pi cittlpbbtvihaaraadiisu| (2) gocaragAmopana yo senAsanato uttarena vA dakkhiNena vA nAtidUre diyaDDakosabbhantare hoti sulabhasampannabhikkho, so sppaayo| viparIto asppaayo| (3) bhassaM ti dvAttiMsatiracchAnakathApariyApannaM / taM hissa nimittantarapradhAnAya sNvttti| dasakathAvatthunissataM sappAyaM, taM pi mattAya bhAvitabbaM / sAta upayukta sevana 16. vahA~ nimitta kI rakSA karane kI vidhi isa prakAra hai 1. AvAsa, 2. gocara, 3. vArtAlApa, 4. pudgala, 5. bhojana, 6 Rtu evaM 7. I-patha-ina sAtoM meM kisI ko bhI, anupayukta hone para, tyAga de| aura sAta upayuktoM kA sevana kreN| isa prakAra yojanA ke anusAra calane para kisI kisI ko zIghra hI arpaNA kI prApti hotI hai| (1) inameM, ise jisa AvAsa meM rahate hue anutpanna nimitta utpanna na ho yA utpanna huA vinaSTa ho jAya, anupasthita smRti upasthita na ho, asamAhita citta samAhita na ho, vaha AvAsa anupayukta hai| jahA~ nAgaparvata para rahane vAle padhAniya tissa sthavira ke samAna nimitta utpanna hotA ho evaM sthira bhI rahatA ho, smRti upasthita rahatI ho, citta ekAgra hotA ho vaha upayukta hai| isaliye jisa vihAra meM bahuta se AvAsa hoM, vahA~ eka eka meM tIna tIna dina rahakara, isa prakAra unakI parIkSA kara, jahA~ citta ekAgra ho vahA~ rahanA caahiye| AvAsa ke upayukta hone se tAmraparNI dvIpa ( laMkA) kI cULanAga nAmaka guphA meM rahate hue vahIM karmasthAna grahaNa kara pA~ca sau bhikSuoM ne arhattva prApta kiyA / aise srotaApanna Adi kI to gaNanA hI nahIM hai, jinhoMne anyatra AryabhUmiyA~ prApta kara vahA~ arhattva paayaa| isI prakAra dUsare cittala parvata ke vihAra Adi meM bhI smjheN| (2) jo gocara grAma zayanAsana se uttara yA dakSiNa kI ora, bahuta dUra nahIM; DhAI kosa ke bhAtara ho, jahA~ AsAnI se bhikSA mile, vaha upayukta hai| viparIta anupayukta hai| (3) vArtAlApa- battIsa prakAra ke vyartha vArtAlApa (tiracchAnakathA) ke antargata AnevAlA vArtAlApa anupayukta hai, kyoMki vaha usake nimitta ke antardhAna kA kAraNa hotA hai| dasa kathAvastu

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 177 (4) puggalo pi atiracchAnakathiko sIlAdiguNasampanno, yaM nissAya asamAhitaM vA cittaM samAdhiyati, samAhitaM vA cittaM thirataraM hoti, evarUpo sppaayo| kAyadaLahIbahulo pana tiracchAnakathiko asppaayo|so hitaM kaddamodakamiva acchaM udakaM malinameva karoti, tAdisaMca Agamma koTapabbatavAsidaharasseva samApatti pi nassati, pageva nimittN| (5) bhojanaM pana kassaci madhuraM, kassaci ambilaM sappAyaM hoti| (6) utu pi kassaci sIto uNho sappAyo hti| tasmA yaM bhojanaM vA utuM vA sevantassa phAsu hoti, asamAhitaM vA cittaM samAdhiyati, samAhitaM vA cittaM thirataraM hoti, taM bhojanaM so ca utu sppaayo| itaraM bhojanaM itaro ca utu asppaayo| (7) iriyApathesu pi kassaci caGkamo sappAyo hoti, kassacisayanahAnanisajjAnaM anyjtro| tasmA taM AvAsaM viya tINi divasAni upaparikkhitvA yasmiM iriyApathe asamAhitaM vA cittaM samAdhiyati, samAhitaM vA cittaM thirataraM hoti, so sappAyo / itaro asappAyo ti veditbbo| iti imaM sattavidhaM asappAyaM vajetvA sappAyaM sevitabbaM / evaM paTipannassa hi nimittAsevanabahulassa nacireneva kAlena hoti kassaci appnaa| dasavidhaM appanAkosallaM 17. yassa pana evaM pipaTipajjato na hoti, tena dasavidhaM appanAkosallaM sampAdatabbaM / (dra0ma0 ni0 1,145:3, 113 Adi) para AdhRta vArtAlApa upayukta hai, kintu use bhI sImA meM hI honA caahiye| . (4) pudgala bhI vyartha kI bAtacIta na karane vAlA, zIla Adi guNoM se sampanna, jisake calate asamAhita citta samAhita hotA ho yA samAhita citta aura bhI sthira hotA ho--aisA upayukta hai| zarIra ke hI poSaNa meM lagA rahane vAlA aura vyartha kI bakavAsa karane vAlA anupayukta hai; kyoMki vaha svaccha jala ko kIcar3a mile jala ke samAna, sAdhaka ko dUSita hI karatA hai| usake samparka se koTaparvata nivAsI taruNa ke samAna samApatti bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai, phira nimitta kA to kahanA hI kyA! (5) bhojana kisI ke liye madhura, kisI ke liye khaTTA upayukta hotA hai| (6) Rtu bhI kisI ke liye zItala to kisI ke liye uSNa upayukta hotI hai| isaliye jisa bhojana yA Rtu kA sevana karane para sukha mile, asamAhita citta samAhita ho yA samAhita citta aura bhI sthira ho, vahI bhojana aura Rtu upayukta hai| isase bhinna bhojana evaM Rtu anupayukta hai| (7) IryApatha meM bhI kisI ko caMkramaNa upayukta hotA hai to kisI ko sone, khar3e hone, baiThane meM se koI eka / isaliye AvAsa ke hI samAna, tIna dinoM taka usakI parIkSA karane ke pazcAt, jisa IryApatha meM asamAhita citta samAhita hotA ho yA samAhita citta aura bhI adhika sthira hotA ho, vahI upayukta hai| isase bhinna ko anupayukta jAnanA caahiye| isa prakAra isa saptavidha anupayukta (asappAya) ko chor3akara upayukta kA sevana karanA caahiye| isa prakAra pratipanna evaM nimitta kA bahulatA se sevana karane vAle kisI kisI sAdhaka ko zIghra hI arpaNA kI prApti hotI hai| dasa prakAra kA arpaNAkauzala 17.jise isa prakAra pratipanna hone para bhI arpaNA prApta na hotI ho, use dasa prakAra

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178 visuddhimagga tatrAyaM nayo- dasahAkArehi appanAkosallaM icchitabbaM : 1. vatthuvisadakiriyato 2. indriyasamattapaTipAdanato, 3. nimittakusalato, 4. yasmi samaye cittaM paggahetabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM paggahAti, 5. yasmi samaye cittaM niggahetabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM niggaNhAti, 6. yasmi samaye cittaM sampahaMsitabbaM tasmi cittaM sampahaMseti, 7. yasmi samaye cittaM ajjhapekkhitabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM ajjupekkhati, 8. aMsamAhitapuggalaparivajjanato, 9. samAhitapuggalasevanato, 10. tadadhimuttitoti / (1) tattha vatthuvisadakiriyA nAma ajjhattikabAhirAnaM vatthUnaM visadabhAvakaraNaM / yadA hissa kesanakhalomAni dIghAni honti, sarIraM vA sedamalaggahitaM, tadA ajjhattikaM vatthu avisadaM hoti aparisuddhaM / yadA pana assa cIvaraM jiNaM kiliTTha duggandhaM hoti, senAsanaM vA uklApaM hoti, tadA bAhiravatthu avisadaM hoti aparisuddhaM / ajjhattikabAhire ca vatthumhi avisade uppannesu cittacetasikesu jANaM pi aparisuddhaM hoti, aparisuddhAni dIpakapallikavaTTitelAni nissAya uppannadIpasikhAya obhAso viy| aparisuddhena ca jANena saGghAre sammasato saGghArA pi AvibhUtA honti, kammaTThAnamanuyuJjato kammaTThAnaM pivuddhiM virUhi vepullaM na gacchati / visade pana ajjhattikabAhire vatthumhi uppannesu cittacetasikesu ANaM pi visadaM hoti parisuddhaM, parisuddhAni dIpakapallikavaTTitelAni nissAya uppannadIpasikhAya obhAso viy| parisuddhena ca JANena saGghAre sammasato saGghArA pi vibhUtA honti, kammaTThAnamanuyuJjato kammaTThAnaM pi vuddhiM virUhi vepullaM gacchati / arpaNakauzala kA sampAdana karanA caahiye| isameM yaha vidhi hai-dasa prakAra ke arpaNAkauzala prApta karane kI icchA karanI cAhiye (1) vastu ko svaccha karanA, (2) indriyoM kA santulana (samatva) banAye rakhanA, (3) nimitta meM kuzalatA prApta karanA, (4) citta ko pragRhIta rakhane ke samaya pragRhIta rakhanA, (5) citta ke nigraha ke samaya usakA damana karanA, (6) citta ko praphulla rakhane ke samaya usako praphulla rakhanA, (7) citta kI upekSA ke samaya upekSA karanA, (8) jo asamAhita citta ho aise pudgala kA tyAga karanA, (9) " samAhitacitta pudgala kA sevana (=samparka) karanA, (10) usa samAdhi ke prati adhimukti (= nizcaya) karanA / (1) inameM, vastu ko svaccha karane se tAtparya hai - Antarika evaM bAhya vastuoM ko svaccha krnaa| jaise ki, jaba isa sAdhaka ke bAla, nAkhUna, roe~ bar3he hue hote haiM yA zarIra pasIne se mailA hotA hai; taba Antarika vastu (mana) asvaccha, aparizuddha hotI hai| jaba usakA cIvara phaTA-purAnA, gandA, durgandhayukta hotA hai yA zayanAsana gandA hotA hai, taba bAhya vastu (zarIra) asvaccha, aparizuddha hotI hai! jaba Antarika evaM bAhya vastue~ asvaccha hotI haiM, taba aparizuddha dIpaka, battI ( evaM ) taila ke Azraya se utpanna dIpa - zikhA ke prakAza ke samAna utpannacitta - caitasikoM meM jJAna bhI aparizuddha hotA hai / aparizuddha jJAna dvArA samajhane kA prayAsa karane para saMskAra hI spaSTa hote haiM, karmasthAna meM lagane, karmasthAnavRddhi, vikAsa evaM vipulatA ko prApta nahIM hotA / Antarika evaM bAhya vastuoM ke svaccha hone para, utpanna citta- caitasikoM meM jJAna bhI, parizuddha dIpaka, battI, tela ke Azraya se utpanna dIpazikhA ke prakAza ke samAna svaccha evaM parizuddha hotA hai| parizuddha jJAna dvArA saMskAroM ko samajhane kA prayAsa karane para saMskAra bhI spaSTa hote haiM, karmasthAna meM lagane para sAdhaka karmasthAna kI vRddhi, vikAsa evaM vipulatA kI ora bar3hatA hai|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 179 (2) indriyasamattapaTipAdanaM nAma saddhAdInaM indriyAnaM smbhaavkrnnN| sace hissa saddhindriyaM balavaM hoti itarAni mandAni, tato viriyindriyaM paggahakiccaM, satindriyaM upaTThAnakiccaM, samAdhindriyaM avikkhepakiccaM, paJjindriyaM dassanakiccaM kAtuM na sakkoti, tasmA taM dhammasabhAvapaccavekkhaNena vA yathA vA manasikaroto balavaM jAtaM, tathA amanasikArena hApetabbaM / vakkalityeravatthu (saM0 2-341) cettha nidassanaM / sace pana viriyindriyaM balavaM hoti, atha neva saddhindriyaM adhimokkhakiccaM kAtuM sakoti,na itarAni itarakiccabhedaM, tasmA taM passaddhAdibhAvanAya hApetabbaM / tatrApi soNattheravatthu (vi03-200) dassetabbaM / evaM sesesu pi ekassa balavabhAve sati itaresaM attanA kiccesu asamatthatA veditbbaa| visesato panettha saddhApAnaM samAdhiviriyAnaM ca samataM pasaMsanti / balavasaddho hi mandapao muddhappasano hoti, avatthusmi psiidti| balavapaJo mandasaddho kerATikapakkhaM bhajati, bhesajasamuTTito viya rogo atekiccho hoti| ubhinnaM samatAya vatthusmi yeva psiidti| balavasamAdhiM pana mandaviriyaM samAdhissa kosajjapakkhattA kosajjaM abhibhvti| balavaviriyaM mandasamAdhiM viriyassa uddhaccapakkhattA uddhaccaM abhibhvti|smaadhi pana viriyena saMyojito kosajje patituM na lbhti| viriyaM samAdhinA saMyojitaM uddhacce patituM na labhati, tasmA tadubhayaM samaM kAtabbaM / ubhayasamatAya hi appanA hoti| (2) indriyoM meM samatva (=santulana) rakhane kA tAtparya hai-zraddhA Adi indriyoM ko eka samAna karanA / yadi isa bhikSu kI zraddhendriya to sabala ho parantu anya indriyA~ nirbala hoM to vIryendriya pakar3ane (=pragraha) kA, smRtIndriya upasthita rahane kA evaM samAdhIndriya ekAgratA (=avikSepa) kA, prajJendriya yathAbhUta darzana kA kArya nahIM kara sakatI; isaliye use cAhiye ki dharmoM ke svabhAva kA pratyavekSaNa kara athavA jaise dhyAna dene se vaha indriya sabala huI ho, vaise dhyAna na dekara use kama kare, anya indriyoM ke samAna sthiti meM le aaye| yahA~ vakkali sthavira kI kathA (saM. 2,341) udAharaNa hai| yadi vIryendriya prabala hotI hai, to na to zraddhendriya adhimokSa (dRr3ha nizcaya, saMkalpa) kA kArya kara sakatI hai, na hI anya indriyA~ anya kArya; isaliye use prazrabdhi Adi kI bhAvanA dvArA kama karanA caahiye| yahA~ soNa sthavira kI kathA (vi03,200) kA udAharaNa denA caahiye| isI prakAra zeSa meM se kisI eka ke sabala hone para anyoM kI apane apane kRtyoM meM asamarthatA samajhanI caahiye| kintu yahA~ (=pA~coM indriyoM meM) vizeSa rUpa se zraddhA evaM prajJA, samAdhi evaM vIrya ke samabhAva kI prazaMsA kI jAtI hai| (ka) jisameM zraddhA prabala aura prajJA nirbala hai, vaha 'mugdha prasanna' vinA soce-vicAre kisI para zraddhA karatA hai| (kha) jisame prajJA prabala aura zraddhA nirbala hotI hai, vaha zaThatA kI ora jhuka jAtA hai evaM 1."vakkali sthavira zraddhA kI prabalatA ke kAraNa bhagavAn ke zarIra kI zobhA para hI mugdha rahane se dhyAna-bhAvanA nahIM kara ske| eka samaya jaba vaha roga se pIr3ita the, taba bhagavAna ne unheM yaha upadeza diyA-"vakkali! mere isa pratikAya ko dekhane se kyA lAbha? jo dharma ko dekhatA hai, vahI mujhe dekhatA hai|" tatpazcAta sthavira ne sabhI indriyoM ko eka samAna kara arhttvpaayaa| 2.soNa sthavira ne vIrya kI prabalatA ke kAraNa, arhattvaprApti hetu ghora zrama karate hue zarIra ko thakA DAlA. pairoM meM chAle par3a gaye, kintu unakA utsAha kama nahIM huaa| taba bhagavAn ne unheM vINA kA dRSTAnta dete hue, adhika vIrya na karane kA upadeza diyaa| tatpazcAta sthavira ne, sabhI indriyoM ko eka samAna kara, arhattva prApta kiyaa|

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180 _ visuddhimagga api ca-samAdhikammikassa balavatI pi saddhA vttttti| evaM saddahanto okappento appanaM paapunnissti| samAdhipajJAsu pana samAdhikammikassa ekaggatA balavatI vttttti| evaM hi so appanaM paapunnaati| vipassanAkammikassa paJjA balavatI vttttti| evaM hi so lakkhaNapaTivedhaM paapunnaati| ubhinnaM pana samatAya pi appanA hoti yev| sati pana sabbattha balavatI vttttti| sati hi cittaM uddhaccapakkhikAnaM saddhAviriyepAnaM vasena uddhaccapAtato kosajjapakkhena ca samAdhinA kosajjapAtato rakkhati, tasmA sA loNadhUpanaM viya sabbabyaJjanesu, sabbakammikaamacco viya ca sabbarAjakiccesu, sabbattha icchitbbaa| tenAha-"sati ca pana sabbatthikA vuttA bhgvtaa| kiM kAraNA? cittaM hi satipaTisaraNaM, ArakkhapaccupaTThAnA ca sati, na vinA satiyA cittassa paggahaniggaho hoti" ti| (3) nimittakosalaM nAma pathavIkasiNAdikassacittekaggatAnimittassa akatassa karaNakosallaM, katassa ca bhAvanAkosalaM, bhAvanAya laddhassa rakkhaNakosalaM ca, taM idha adhippetN| (4) kathaM ca yasmi samaye cittaM paggahetabba, tasmi samaye cittaM paggaNhAti? auSadhi kI pratikriyA se utpanna hue roga ke samAna asAdhya hotA hai| donoM kI samatA hone se vastu meM hI zraddhA karatA hai| (ga) jisameM samAdhi sabala aura vIrya nirbala hote haiM, vaha Alasya ke vaza meM ho jAtA hai; kyoMki samAdhi Alasya kI pakSadhara hai arthAt samAdhi ke abhyAsI ke liye Alasya ke vazIbhUta ho jAnA sambhava hai| (gha) jisame vIrya sabala evaM samAdhi nirbala hotI hai, vaha auddhatya ke vaza meM ho jAtA hai; kyoMki vIrya auddhatya kA pakSadhara hai| (Ga) kintu vIryasampRkta samAdhi kA Alasya meM patana nahIM ho sakatA, samAdhisampRkta vIrya kA auddhatya meM patana nahIM ho sakatA; ataH una donoM ko sama karanA caahiye| donoM kI samatA se hI arpaNA hotI hai| isake atirikta, samAdhi ke abhyAsI meM zraddhA sabala honI cAhiye; kyoMki isa prakAra zraddhA aura vizvAsa karane se hI vaha arpaNA ko prApta kregaa| samAdhi aura prajJA meM-samAdhi ke abhyAsI meM ekAgratA sabala honI caahiye| isI se vaha arpaNA ko prApta karatA hai| vipazyanA (prajJA) ke abhyAsI meM prajJA sabala honI cAhiye / isI prakAra vaha lakSaNaprativedha (=anitya, duHkha, anAtma-ina tInoM lakSaNoM kA jJAna) prApta kregaa| evaM donoM kI samatA se to arpaNA hotI hI hai| kintu smRti ko to sarvatra sabala rahanA caahiye| auddhatya-pakSadhara zraddhA, vIrya evaM prajJA ke kAraNa sambhava auddhatya meM patita hone se evaM samAdhi, kyoMki Alasya kI pakSadhara hai ataH, Alasya meM patita hone se, citta kI rakSA smRti hI karatI hai| isaliye sabhI vyaanoM (khAdya padArthoM) meM namaka ke sahayoga (loNadhUpana) ke samAna evaM sabhI rAjyakAryoM meM pradhAnamantrI (sarvakArmika amAtya) ke samAna, vaha smRti sarvatra vAJchanIya hai| isIliye kahA gayA hai-"bhagavAn ne smRti ko sarvArthikA kahA hai kyoM? kyoMki smRti hI citta ke liye zaraNa hai evaM smRti ko rakSA karane vAlI ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai ati ke abhAva meM citta ke pragraha-nigraha nahIM huA krte|" (3) nimitta-kauzala kA tAtparya hai- 1. citta kI ekAtA ke nimitta pRthvIkasiNa Adi, jo abhI taka nahIM kiye gaye haiM, unheM karane kA kauzala, 2.kiye hue kI bhAvanA karane kA kauzala . evaM 3. bhAvanA se prApta hue kI rakSA karane kA kauzala (nipunntaa)| yahA~ vahI (antima) abhipreta hai|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 181 yadAssa atisithilaviriyatAdIhi lInaM cittaM hoti, tadA passaddhisambojjhanAdayo tayo abhAvatvA dhammavicayasambojjhaGgAdayo bhAveti / vuttaM hetaM bhagavatA _ "seyyathApi, bhikkhave, puriso parittaM aggiM ujjAletukAmo assa, so tattha allAni ceva tiNAni pakkhipeyya, allAni ca gomayAni pakkhipeyya, allAni ca kaTThAni pakkhipeyya, udakavAtaM ca dadeyya, paMsukena ca okireyya, bhabbo nu kho so, bhikkhave, puriso pA aggiM ujjAletuM" ti? "no hetaM, bhnte"| "evameva kho, bhikkhave, yasmi samaye lInaM cittaM hoti, akAlo tasmi samaye passaddhisambojjhaGgassa bhAvanAya, akAlo samAdhi ....pe0....akAlo upekkhAsambojjhaGgassa bhAvanAya / taM kissa hetu ? lInaM bhikkhave cittaM, taM etehi dhammehi dusamuTThApayaM hoti| yasmi ca kho, bhikkhave, lInaM cittaM hoti, kAlo tasmi samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaGgassa bhAvanAya, kAlo viriyasambojjhaGgassa bhaavnaay|tN kissa hetu? lInaM, bhikkhave, cittaM, taM etehi dhammehi susamuTThApayaM hoti| "seyyathApi, bhikkhave, puriso parittaM aggiM ujjAletukAmo assa, so tattha sukkhAni ceva tiNAni pakkhipeyya, sukkhAni ca gomayAni pakkhipeyya, sukkhAni ca kaTThAni pakkhipeyya, mukhavAtaM ca dadeyya, na ca paMsukena okireyya, bhabbo nu kho so, bhikkhave, puriso parittaM aggiM ujjAletuM"? ti "evaM bhante" (saM0 4-101) . ettha ca yathAsakaM AhAravasena dhammavicayasambojjhanAdInaM bhAvanA veditbbaa| vuttaM hetaM "atthi, bhikkhave, kusalAkusalA dhammA, sAvajAnavajjA dhammA, hInappaNItA dhammA, kaNhasukkasappaTibhAgA dhmmaa| tattha yoniso manasikArabahulIkAro, ayamAhAro anuppannassa (4) yasmi samaye cittaM paggahitaba, tasmi samaye cittaM paragaNhAti? (kaise jisa prakAra citta ko pakar3akara rakhanA cAhiye, usa samaya pakar3a kara rakhatA hai?) jaba isakA citta atyanta durbala vIrya Adi ke kAraNa Alasya se yukta hotA hai, taba prazrabdhisambodhyaGga Adi tIna bodhyaGgoM kI bhAvanA na kara dharmavicayasambodhyA kI bhAvanA karatA hai| kyoMki bhagavAn ne (saMyuktanikAya meM) kahA bhI hai "bhikSuo, jaise koI puruSa thor3I agni jalAnA cAhe aura vaha usameM kucha namI liye gIle tinake, gIle kaNDe yA gIlI lakar3iyA~ DAle, gIlI havA de, agni para dhUla bikhera de; to kyA bhikSuo! vaha puruSa thor3I bhI agni jalA pAyagA?" "nahIM, bhante!" "isI prakAra, bhikSuo, jisa samaya citta Alasya se yukta hotA hai, vaha samaya pratrabdhisambodhyA kI bhAvanA ke liye anupayukta hai, samAdhi...anupayukta hai, upekSA....anupayukta hai| aisA kyoM? kyoMki bhikSuo! Alasyayukta citta ko ina dharmoM ke dvArA jagAnA kaThina hotA hai| bhikSuo, jisa samaya citta Alasyayukta hotA hai, vaha samaya dharmavicayasambodhyaGga bhI bhAvanA ke liye upayukta hai, prItisambodhyA....upayukta hai| vaha kyoM? kyoMki Alasyayukta citta ko ina dharmA dvArA jagAnA sambhava hai| "bhikSuo, jaise koI puruSa thor3I sI agni jalAnA cAhe aura vaha usameM sUkhe tinake, sUkhe kaNDe, sUkhI lakar3iyA~ DAle, mukha se havA kare, dhUla na bikhere, to bhikSuo! kyA vaha puruSa thor3I agni jalA pAyagA?" "hA~ bhante!" yahA~, pratyeka sAdhaka ko AhAra ke anusAra dharmavicayasambodhyaGga Adi kI bhAvanA jAnanI cAhiye; kyoMki saMyuktanikAya meM kahA gayA hai-"bhikSuo, kuzala evaM akuzala dharma sAvadya (=nindanIya)

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182 visuddhimagga vA dhammavicayasambojjhaGgassa uppAdAya, uppannassa vA dhammavicayasambojjhaGgassa bhiyyobhAvAya vepullAya bhAvanAya pAripUriyA saMvattatI" (saM0 ni0 4-94) ti| __ tathA "atthi, bhikkhave, ArambhadhAtu nikamadhAtu prkmdhaatu| tattha yoniso manasikArabahulIkAro, ayamAhAro anuppannassa vA viriyasambojhaGgassa uppAdAya, uppannassa vA viriyasambojhaGgassa bhiyyobhAvAya vepullAya bhAvanAya pAripUriyA saMvattati" (saM0 ni0 4-94) ti| tathA "atthi, bhikkhave, pItisambojjhanahAniyA dhmmaa| tattha yoniso manasikArabahulIkAro, ayamAhAro anuppannassa vA pItisambojhaGgassa uppAdAya uppannassa vA pItisambojjhaGgassa bhiyyobhAvAya vepullAya bhAvanAya paripUriyA saMvattatI" (saM. ni0 4-94) ti| tattha sabhAvasAmaJjalakkhaNapaTivedhavasena pavattamanasikAro kusalAdIsu yoniso manasikAro naam| ArambhadhAtuAdInaM uppAdanavasena pavattamanasikAro ArambhadhAtuAdIsu yoniso manasikAro naam| tattha ArambhadhAtU ti paThamaviriyaM vuccati / nikkamadhAtU ti kosajjato nikkhantattA tato blvtrN| parakkamadhAtU ti paraM ThAnaM akamanato tato pi blvtrN| pItisambojhaGgaTThAniyA dhammA ti pana pItiyA eva etaM naamN| tassApi uppAdakamanasikAro va yoniso manasikAro naam| api ca satta dhammA dhammavicayasambojjhaGgasya uppAdAya saMvattanti-paripucchakatA, vatthuvisadakiriyA, indriyasamattapaTipAdanA, duppaJapuggalaparivajjanA, paJjavantapuggalasevanA, gambhIrasANacariyapaccavekkhaNA, tadadhimuttatA ti| evaM zukla dharma paraspara viparIta hote haiN| unameM bhalIbhA~ti abhyAsa kiyA gayA jo yonizomanaskAra hai, vahI anutpanna dharmavicayasambodhyaGga ke utpAda ke liye athavA utpanna dharmavicayasambodhyaGga kI vRddhi, vikAsa evaM bhAvanA kI paripUrNatA ke liye AhAra arthAt poSaka tattva hai|" tathA-"bhikSuo, tIna dhAtu hai-ArambhadhAtu, niSkramaNadhAtu, parAkrama dhAtu / unameM jo bhalIbhA~ti abhyAsa kiyA gayA yonizomanaskAra hai vahI anutpanna vIryasambodhyA kI utpatti ke liye athavA utpanna vIryasambodhyA kI vRddhi, vikAsa evaM bhAvanA kI paripUrNatA ke liye AhAra hai|" tathA-"bhikSuo, dharma prItisambodhyaGgasthAnIya haiN| unameM jo bhalIbhA~ti abhyAsa kiyA gayA yonizomanaskAra hai, vahI utpanna prItisambodhyA kI vRddhi, vikAsa evaM bhAvanA kI paripUrNatA ke liye AhAra hai|" vahA~ (="asthi bhikkhave" Adi dvArA darzita pAli meM) kuzala (dharma) Adi svabhAva, sAmAnya lakSaNa evaM prativedha ke anusAra pravRtta manaskAra ko yonizomanaskAra kahate haiN| Arambha dhAtu Adi ke utpAda ke anusAra pravRtta manaskAra ko Arambha dhAtu Adi meM yonizomanaskAra kahate haiN| unameM, ArambhadhAtu ko prathama vIrya kahA jAtA hai| nikramaNa dhAtu kausIdya se niSkramaNa rUpa hone ke kAraNa usa ArambhadhAtu se adhika sabala hai| parAkrama dhAtu kramika paravartI staroM taka pahu~cane ke kAraNa usa niSkramaNadhAtu se bhI adhika sabala hai| prItisambodhyajasthAnIya dharma svayaM prIti hI hai| evaM use utpanna karane vAlA manaskAra hI yonizomanaskAra hai| isake atirikta.(ka) dharmavicayasambodhyA kI utpatti ke liye sAta dharma haiM- (1) prazna pUchanA. (2) vastuoM ko svaccha rakhanA.(3) indriyoM meM santulana rakhanA, (4) mUrkha vyakti kA tyAga,(5) .

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183 4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa ekAdasa dhammA viriyasambojjhaGgasya uppAdAya saMvattanti-apAyAdibhayapaccavekSaNatA, viriyAyattalokiyalokuttaravisesAdhigamAnisaMsadassitA, "buddhapaccekabuddhamahAsAvakehi gatamaggo mayA gantabbo, so ca na sakA kusIdena gantuM" ti evaM gamanavIthipaccavekkhaNatA, dAyakAnaM mahapphalabhAvakaraNena piNDApacAyanatA, "viriyArambhassa vaNNavAdI me satthA, so ca anatikkamanIyasAsano, amhAkaM ca bahUpakAro, paTipattiyA ca pUjiyamAno pUjito hoti, na itarathA" ti evaM satthu mahattapaccavekSaNatA, "saddhammasavAtaM me mahAdAyajaM gahetabbaM, taM ca na sakA kusIdena gahetuM" ti evaM dAyajjamahattapaccavekkhaNatA, AlokasAmanasikAra-iriyApathaparivattana-abbhokAsasevanAdIhi thInamiddhavinodanatA, kusItapuggalaparivajanatA, AraddhaviriyapuggalasevanatA, sammappadhAnapaccavekSaNatA, tadadhimuttatA ti| ekAdasa dhammA pItisambojjhaGgassa uppAdAya saMvattanti, buddhAnussati, dhamma..... sIla....cAga....devatAnussati, upasamAnussati, lUkhapuggalaparivajjanatA, siniddhapuggalasevanatA, pasAdaniyasuttantapaccavekkhaNatA, tadadhimuttatA ti|| iti imehi AkArehi ete dhamme uppAdento dhammavicayasambojjhaGgAdayo bhAveti naam| evaM "yasmi samaye cittaM paggahetabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM pggnnhaati|" / prajJAvAn vyakti kA saGga (6) gambhIra jJAna ke abhyAsa ke liye kSetra kA pratyavekSaNa evaM (7) usa dharmavicaya ke prati adhimukti| (kha) vIrya sambodhyaGga kI utpatti ke liye gyAraha dharma haiM- (1) apAya (-durgati) Adi meM bhaya dekhanA, (2) vIrya ke dvArA prApta hone vAlI laukika evaM lokottara viziSTa upalabdhiyoM ko lAbhaprada samajhanA, (3) "buddha, pratyekabuddha, mahAzrAvaka jisa mArga se gaye usase mujhe jAnA cAhiye aura usase AlasI vyakti nahIM jA sakatA"-yoM gamanamArga kA pratyavekSaNa karanA, (4) "dAtAoM ko mahAn phala prApta ho"-isa bhAvanA se bhikSA kA samAdara karanA, (5) "mere zAstA vIryArambha kI prazaMsA karane vAle haiM evaM unakA zAsana ullahana karane yogya nahIM hai, hamAre liye vaha bahuta upakArI hai tathA ve pratipatti (AcaraNa) dvArA pUjita hone para hI pUjita hote haiM, anyathA nahIM"-isa prakAra zAstA ke mahattva kA pratyavekSaNa karanA, (6) "saddharma nAmaka mahAn uttarAdhikAra kA mujhe grahaNa karanA cAhiye evaM use AlasI nahIM grahaNa kara sakatA"-isa prakAra uttarAdhikAra ke mahattva kA pratyavekSaNa karanA, (7) Aloka saMjJA ko mana meM lAnA (manaskAra), IryApatha meM parivartana evaM khule sthAna ke sevana Adi dvArA zArIrika mAnasika Alasya ko dUra karanA, (8) AlasI vyakti ke saMsarga kA tyAga, (9) udyogI vyakti kA sevana (samparka), (10) samyakpradhAna (=Arya aSTAGgika mArga ke antargata chaThe aGga samyagvyAyAma' kA adhivacana) kA pratyavekSaNa tathA (11) usa vIrya ke prati adhimukti| (ga) prItisambodhyaGga ke utpAda ke liye gyAraha dharma haiM- (1) buddhAnusmRti, (2) dharmAnusmRti, (3) sahAnusmRti, (4) zIlAnu... (5) tyAgAnu... (6) devatAnu..... (7) upazamAnusmRti, (8-10) rUma (svabhAva ke) yA khigdha vyakti Adi ke prati citta meM zraddhA utpanna karane vAle sUtroM kA pratyavekSaNa tathA (11) usa prIti ke prati adhimukti / ina AkAroM se ina dharmoM ko utpanna karatA huA dharmavicayasambodhyA Adi kI bhAvanA karatA hai| isa prakAra "jisa samaya citta ko pakar3anA cAhiye, usa samaya citta ko pakar3atA hai"-isa pAlipATha kA saGgamana huaa|

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vizuddhimagga (5) kathaM yasmi samaye cittaM niggahetabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM niggaNhAti ? yadAssa accAraddhavIriyatAdIhi uddhataM cittaM hoti, tadA dhammavicayasambojjhaGgAdayo tayo abhAvetvA passaddhisambojjhaGgAdayo bhAveti / 184 vRttaM taM bhagavatA - "seyyathApi, bhikkhave, puriso mahantaM aggikkhandhaM nibbApetukAmo assa, so tattha sukkhAni ceva tiNAni pakkhipeyya....pe..... na ca paMsukena okireyya, bhabbo nu kho so, bhikkhave, puriso mahantaM aggikkhandhaM nibbApetuM" ti ? "no hetaM, bhante / " " evameva kho, bhikkhave, yasmiM samaye uddhataM cittaM hoti, akAlo tasmi samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaGgassa bhAvanAya, akAlo viriya... pe0....akAlo pItisambojjhaGgasya bhAvanAya / taM kissa hetu ? uddha, bhikkhave, cittaM taM etehi dhammehi duvUpasamayaM hoti / yasmiM ca kho, bhikkhave, samaye uddhataM cittaM hoti, kAlo tasmi samaye passaddhisambojjhaGgasya bhAvanAya kAlo samAdhisambojjhaGgassa bhAvanAya, kAlo upekkhAsambojjhaGgassa bhAvanAya / taM kissa hetu ? uddhataM, bhikkhave, cittaM taM etehi dhammehi suvUpasamayaM hoti / " "seyyathApi, bhikkhave, puriso mahantaM aggikkhandhaM nibbApetukAmo assa, so tattha allAni ceva tiNAni pakkhipeyya.... pe0... paMsukena ca okireyya, bhabbo nu kho so, bhikkhave, puriso mahantaM aggikkhandhaM nibbApetuM" ti ?" evaM bhante" (saM0 4-102 ) ti / etthApi yathAsakaM AhAravasena passaddhisambojjhaGgAdInaM bhAvanA veditabbA / vRttaM taM bhagavatA - " atthi, bhikkhave, kAyapassaddhi cittapassaddhi / tattha yoniso manasikAra - bahulIkAro, ayamAhAro anuppannassa vA passaddhisambojjhaGgassa uppAdAya, uppannassa vA passaddhisambojjhaGgassa bhiyyobhAvAya vepullAya bhAvanAya pAripuriyA saMvattatI" (saM0 ni0 4-95 ) ti / (5) kaise "jisa samaya citta kA nigraha karanA cAhiye usa samaya citta kA nigraha karatA hai "? jaba isa bhikSu kA citta atyadhika vIrya Adi ke kAraNa uddhata hotA hai, taba dharmavicayasambodhyaGga Adi tIna sambodhyaGgoM kI bhAvanA na kara prazrabdhisambodhyaGga kI bhAvanA karanI cAhiye; kyoMki bhagavAn ne kahA hai-'bhikSuo, jaise koI puruSa agni kI vizAla rAzi ko bujhAnA cAhe aura vaha usameM sUkhe hue tinake DAle...pUrvavat... usapara dhUla na DAle, to kyA bhikSuo ! agni kI usa vizAla rAzi ko vaha bujhA sakegA?" "nahIM, bhante!" "isI prakAra bhikSuo, jisa samaya citta uddhata hotA hai, vaha samaya dharmavicayasambodhyaGga kI bhAvanA ke liye anupayukta hai, vIrya prIti anupayukta hai| vaha kyoM ? kyoMki jo citta uddhata hai, vaha ina dharmoM (kAryoM) se zAnta nahIM hotaa| bhikSuo! jisa samaya citta uddhata ho, vahI samaya prazrabdhisambodhyaGga kI bhAvanA ke liye upayukta hai, samAdhi upekSA upayukta hai| vaha kyoM ? kyoMki, bhikSuo ! jo citta uddhata hai vaha ina dharmoM se zAnta hotA hai| " jaise, bhikSuo ! koI puruSa agni kI vizAla rAzi ko bujhAnA cAhe aura vaha usameM gIle tinake DAle...pUrvavat dhUla bikhera de, to kyA, bhikSuo ! vaha puruSa agni kI vizAla rAzi ko bujhA pAyagA ?" "hA~, bhante" / yahA~ bhI hara eka ke liye AhAra ke anusAra prazrabdhisambodhyama kI bhAvanA jAnanI cAhiye; kyoMki saMyuttanikAya meM bhagavAn ne yaha kahA hai "bhikSuo! prazrabdhi do haiM- kAyaprazrabdhi evaM cittaprazrabdhi / unameM bhalIbhA~ti abhyAsa kiyA gayA.

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 185 - tathA "atthi, bhikkhave, samathanimittaM abyggnimittN| tattha yoniso manasikArabahulIkAro, ayamAhAro anuppannassa vA samAdhisambojhaGgassa uppAdAya, uppannassa vA samAdhisambojjhaGgassa bhiyyobhAvAya vepullAya bhAvanAya pAripUriyA saMvattatI" (saM0ni04-95) ti| ___tathA "atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhAsambojhaGgahAniyA dhmmaa| tattha yoniso manasikArabahulIkAro, ayamAhAro anuppannassa vA upekkhAsambojjhaGgassa uppAdAya, uppannassa vA upekkhAsamabojjhaGgassa bhiyyobhAvAya vepullAya bhAvanAya pAripUriyA saMvattatI" (saM0 ni0 4-95)ti| tattha yathAssa passaddhiAdayo uppannapubbA, taM AkAraM sallakkhetvA tesaM uppAdanavasena pavattamanasikAro va tIsu pi padesu yoniso manasikAro naam| samathanimittaM ti ca samathassevetaM adhivacanaM / avikkhepaTTena ca tasseva abyagganimittaM ti| api ca satta dhammA passaddhisambojjhaGga ssa uppAdAya saMvattantipaNItabhojanasevanatA, utusukhasevanatA, iriyApathasukhasevanatA, majjhattapayogatA, sAraddhakAyapuggalaparivajanatA, passaddhakAyapuggalasevanatA, tadadhimuttatA ti| ekAdasa dhammA samAdhisambojhaGgassa uppAdAya saMvattanti-vatthuvisadatA, nimittakusalatA, indriyasamattapaTipAdanatA, samaye cittassa niggahaNatA, samaye cittassa paggahaNatA, nirassAdassa cittassa saddhAsaMvegavasena sampahaMsanatA, sammApavattassa ajjhupekkhaNatA, jo yonizomanaskAra hai, vaha anutpanna prabdhisambodhyaGga kI utpatti ke liye athavA utpanna prazrabdhisambodhyaGga kI vRddhi, vikAsa evaM bhAvanA kI paripUrNatA ke liye AhAra hai|" tathA-"bhikSuo! zamathanimitta evaM avyagranimitta bhI haiN| unameM bhalIbhA~ti abhyAsa kiyA gayA jo yonizomanaskAra hai, vaha anutpanna samAdhisambodhyaGga kI utpatti ke lie tathA utpanna samAdhisambodhAGga kI vRddhi, vikAsa evaM bhAvanA kI paripUrNatA ke liye AhAra hai|" / tathA-"bhikSuo! dharma upekSAsambodhyaGgasthAnIya haiN| unameM jo bhalIbhAti abhyAsa kiyA gayA yonizomanaskAra hai, vaha anutpanna upekSAsambodhyaGga kI utpatti ke liye yA utpanna upekSAsambodhyaGga kI vRddhi, vikAsa evaM bhAvanA kI paripUrNatA ke liye AhAra hai|" yahA~ "atthi, bhikkhave" Adi dvArA darzita pAli meM tInoM padoM (udAharaNavAkyoM) meM jo 'yonizomanaskAra' zabda AyA hai, usa kA tAtparya hai-usameM praabdhi Adi pUrva samaya meM jisa prakAra utpanna hue haiM, usa AkAra, upAya, vidhi kA nirIkSaNa karate hue, unakI utpatti ke anusAra pravRtta manaskAra zamathanimitta zamatha kA hI adhivacana (paryAya) hai| avikSepa ke artha meM usI zamatha kA adhivacana avyagra-nimitta hai| (ka) prabdhisambodhyA kI utpatti ke liye sAta dharma haiM- (1) uttama bhojana kA sevana, (2) sukhakara Rtu kA sevana, (3) sukhakara IryApatha kA sevana, (4) madhyastha (taTastha) rahanA, (5) AkrAmaka (=hiMsaka, krodhI) prakRti ke vyaktiyoM kA tyAga, (6) zAnta prakRti ke vyaktiyoM kI sevA, 7) usa (prazrabdhi) ke prati adhimukti| (kha) samAdhisambodhyA kI bhAvanA ke liye gyAraha dharma haiM-(1) vastuoM ko svaccha rakhanA,

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186 vizuddhimagga asamAhitapuggalaparivajjanatA, samAhitapuggalasevanatA, jhAnavimokkhapaccavekkhaNatA, tadadhimuttatAti / paJca dhammA upekkhAsambojjhaGgassa uppAdAya saMvattanti - sattamajjhattatA, saGghAramajjhattatA, sattasaGghArakelAyanapuggalaparivajjanatA, sattasaGghAramajjhattapuggalasevanatA, tadadhimuttatA ti / iti imehAkArehi ete dhamme uppAdento passaddhisambojjhaGgAdayo bhAveti nAma / evaM " yasmi samayaM cittaM niggahetabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM niggaNhAti" / (6) kathaM yasmi samaye cittaM sampahaMsitabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM sampahaMseti ? yadAssa paJJapayogamandatAya vA upasamasukhAnadhigamena vA nirassAdaM cittaM hoti, tadA naM aTThasaMvegavatthupaccavekkhaNena saMvejeti / aTTha saMvegavatthUni nAma - jAti - jarA - byAdhi - maraNAni cattAri, apAyadukkhaM paJcamaM, atIte vaTTamUlakaM dukkhaM, anAgate vaTTamUlakaM dukkhaM, paccuppanne AhArapariyeTThimUlakaM dukkhaM ti / buddha dhamma - -saGghaguNAnussaraNena cassa pasAdaM janeti / evaM " yasmi samaye cittaM sampahaMsitabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM sampahaMseti" / (7) kathaM yasmi samaye cittaM ajjhapekkhitabbaM tasmi samaye cittaM ajjhupekkhati ? yadAssa evaM paTipajjato alInaM anuddhataM anirassAdaM ArammaNe samappavattaM samavIthi(2) nimitta - kauzala, (3) indriyoM meM samatva banAye rakhanA, (4) ucita samaya para citta kA nigraha karanA, (5) ucita samaya para citta kA pragraha karanA, (6) upekSAyukta (= AsvAdarahita) citta ko zraddhA evaM saMvega ke dvArA praphullita karanA, (7) jo ThIka taraha se ghaTita ho rahA ho, usake prati upekSA banAye rakhanA, (8) asamAhita vyakti kA tyAga, (9) samAhita vyakti kI sevA, (10) dhyAna evaM vimokSa kA pratyavekSaNa karanA evaM (11) usa samAdhi ke prati adhimukti / (ga) upekSAsambodhyaGga kI utpatti ke liye pA~ca dharma haiM- (1) sabhI prANiyoM ke prati taTasthatA, (2) sabhI saMskAroM ke prati taTasthatA, (3) prANiyoM evaM saMskAroM ke prati mamatva rakhane vAle vyaktiyoM kA tyAga, (4) prANiyoM evaM saMskAroM ke prati taTastha rahane vAle vyaktiyoM kI sevA, (5) usa (upekSA) ke prati adhimukti / aise ina AkAroM (upAyoM) se ina dharmoM kI utpatti karate hue prazrabdhisambodhyama Adi kI bhAvanA karatA hai| isa prakAra - "jisa samaya citta kA nigraha karanA cAhiye usa samaya citta kA nigraha karatA hai" (- isa vAkyAMza kA vyAkhyAna pUrNa huA ) / (6) kaise jisa samaya citta ko praphullita (= protsAhita, samuttejita karanA cAhiye, usa samaya citta ko praphullita karatA hai? jaba isa bhikSu kA citta prajJA ke alpa prayoga ke kAraNa yA upazama(zAnti) sukha ko prApta na kara sakane ke kAraNa anamanA rahatA hai, taba vaha sAdhaka ATha saMvegavastuoM ke pratyavekSaNa dvArA ise saMvegayukta (= uttejita) karatA hai| ve ATha saMvega-vastu haiM - (1-4) jAti, jarA, vyAdhi, maraNa-ye cAra, (5) apAya - duHkha pA~cavIM (6) atItakAla meM bhava-cakra meM par3ane se utpanna duHkha, (7) anAgata kAla meM bhava-cakra meM par3ane se utpanna ho sakane vAlA duHkha evaM (8) pratyutpanna kAla meM AhAra kI khoja se utpanna duHkha / buddha, dharma evaM saGgha ke smaraNa se isa citta meM prasannatA (prIti) utpanna hotI hai| isa prakAra - " jisa samaya citta ko praphullita karanA cAhiye usa samaya citta ko praphullita karatA hai"- isa vAkya kA yaha vyAkhyA hai / / (7) kaise "jisa samaya citta kI upekSA karanI cAhiye usa samaya citta kI upekSA karatA hai "? jaba isa prakAra yojanAnusAra calate hue usakA citta Alasya evaM auddhatya se rahita, samAdhi ke

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 187 paTipannaM cittaM hoti, tadAssa paggahaniggahasampahaMsanesu na byApAraM Apajjati, sArathi viya samappavattesu assesu| evaM "yasmi samaye cittaM ajjhupekkhitab tasmi samaye cittaM ajjhupekkhti"| (8) asamAhitapuggalaparivajanatA nAma nekkhammapaTipadaM anArULhapubbAnaM anekakiccapasutAnaM vivikhattahadayAnaM puggalAnaM ArakA priccaago| (9) samAhitapuggalasevanatA nAma nekkhammapaTipadaM paTipannAnaM samAdhilAbhInaM puggalAnaM kAlena kAlaM upsngkmnN| (10) tadadhimuttatA nAma samAdhiadhimuttatA, samAdhigaru-samAdhininasamAdhipoNa-samAdhipabbhAratA ti attho| evametaM dasavidhaM appanAkosallaM sampAdetabbaM // 18. evaM hi sampAdayato appanAkosalaM imN| paTiladdhe nimittasmi appanA smpvttti|| evaM hi paTipannassa sace sA nppvttti| tathA pi na jahe yogaM vAyametheva pnnddito|| hitvA hi sammAvAyAmaM visesaM nAma maanvo| __ adhigacche parittaM pi ThAnametaM na vijjti|| AsvAdarahita, Alambana meM samAna rUpa se pravRtta, zAnti ke mArga para calane vAlA hotA hai, taba samAna cAla se calane vAle ghor3e ke viSaya meM sArathi ke samAna, isa bhikSu ko pragraha, nigraha, praphullita karane Adi ke vyApAra.kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| yaha huA-"jisa samaya citta kI upekSA karanI cAhiye, usa samaya citta kI upekSA karatA hai" isa vAkya kA vyaakhyaan| (8) asamAhitapuggalaparivajanatA kA tAtparya hai-jinhoMne naiSkAmyamArga para calanA prArambha nahIM kiyA ho, jo aneka kAryoM meM lage rahane vAle evaM vikSipta citta vAle vyakti hoM, unakA dUra se hI prityaag| (9) samAhitapuggalasevanatA kA tAtparya hai-naiSkAmya-mArga para calane vAle evaM samAdhiprApta sajjanoM ke pAsa samaya-samaya para jAte rhnaa| (10) tadadhimuttatA kA tAtparya hai samAdhi ke prati adhimukti rakhanA, samAdhi ke prati gaurava rakhanA....pravRtti rakhanA, usake prati rujhAna evaM jhukAva rkhnaa| aise dasa prakAra se arpaNA-kauzala kA sampAdana karanA caahiye|| 18. isa prakAra isa arpaNAkauzala kA sampAdana karate hue, prApta nimitta meM arpaNA utpanna hotI hai| isa mArga para calane vAle ko bhI yadi vaha arpaNAkauzala utpanna na ho, taba bhI paNDita (buddhimAna) ko cAhiye ki vaha prayatna karatA rahe, yoga ko chor3e nhiiN|| kyoMki koI bhI manuSya bhalIbhA~ti samyak prayatna kiye vinA thor3I-thor3I sI bhI upalabdhi kara le-aisA sambhava nahIM hai|| ataH buddhimAna vyakti citta kI pravRtti ke AkAra kA nirIkSaNe kara, santulita udyoga ke sAtha punaH-punaH citta ko yoga se yukta kre||

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188 visuddhimagga cittappavattiAkAraM tasmA sallakkhayaM budho| samataM viriyasseva yojayetha punppunN|| IsakaM pi layaM yantaM paragaNhetheva maansN| accAraddhaM nisedhetvA samameva pavattaye // nimittAbhimukhapaTipAdanaM reNumhi uppaladale sutte nAvAya naaliyaa| yathA madhukarAdInaM pavatti smmvnnnnitaa|| lIna-uddhatabhAvehi mocayitvAna sbbso| evaM nimittAbhimukhaM mAnasaM paTipAdaye // ti|| 19. tatrAyaM atthadIpanA-yathA hi acheko madhukaro asukasmi rukkhe purpha pupphitaM ti jatvA tikkhena vegena pakkhando taM atikamitvA paTinivattento khINe reNumhi smpaapunnaati| aparo acheko mandena javena pakkhando khINe yeva smpaapunnaati| cheko pana samena javena pakkhando sukhena puppharAsiM sampatvA yAvadicchakaM reNuM AdAya madhuM sampAdetvA madhurasaM anubhvti| yathA ca sallakattaantevAsikesu udakathAlagate uppalapatte satthakammaM sikkhantesu eko acheko vegena satthaM pAtento uppalapattaM dvidhA vA chindati, udake vA paveseti / aparo atheko chijanapavesanabhayA satthakena phusituM pi na vishti| cheko pana samena payogena tattha satthappahAraM dassetvA pariyodAtasippo hutvA tathArUpesu ThAnesu kammaM katvA lAbhaM lbhti| alpamAtra bhI Alasya meM par3e hue mana ko pakar3a kara rakhe, vIrya ke atireka atyArambha ko rokakara santulana banAye rkhe|| nimittAmimukha pravRtti kA pratipAdana parAga, kamala, dala, sUta, nAva, va nAr3I (phoMphI) meM jaise madhumakkhI Adi kI pravRtti varNita hai, vaise hI Alasya auddhatya bhAvoM se mana ko sarvathA chur3A kara nimitta kI ora lagAnA caahiye|| 19. vahA~ =una "reNumhi" Adi donoM gAthAoM ke artha kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra hai-jisa prakAra koI anAr3I (akuzala) madhumakkhI 'amuka vRkSa para phUla lage haiM' aisA jAnakara tIvra vega se ur3ate hue usa abhISTa phUla ko lAMgha kara Age calI jAtI hai, phira pIche lauTane para parAga jhara cukane para hI usa abhISTa puSpa taka pahuMca pAtI hai, dUsarI anAr3I madhumakkhI bhI manda gati se ur3ate hue parAga jhara jAne para hI pahuMca pAtI hai, kintu catura (-kuzala) samAna gati se ur3ate hue sukhapUrvaka phUloM ke pAsa pahu~ca kara icchAnusAra parAga lekara, madhu banAkara, madhu ke svAda kA Ananda letI hai| (1) aura jaise jala bharI thAlI meM rakhe hue kamala ke patte para zastrakarma (cIra-phAr3a karanA) sIkhane vAle zalyaka (-zalyacikitsaka) ke ziSyoM meM se koI anAr3I ziSya tejI ke sAtha zastra calAkara yA to kamala ke patte ko do bhAgoM meM kATa DAlatA hai, yA phira use jala meM DubA detA hai, dUsarA anAr3I isa Dara se ki kahIM kaTa na jAya yA jala meM DUba na jAya, zastra ko hAtha lagAne kA bhI sAhasa nahIM karatA; para catura ziSya usa sthiti meM santulita prayAsa dvArA zastra-prahAra kA pradarzana kara, zilpa ( zalyakriyA) meM pravINatA dikhAtA huA tadanurUpa paristhitiyoM meM kArya kara puraskAra . pAtA hai| (2)

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 189 yathA ca "yo catubyAmappamANaM makkaTasuttaM Aharati, so cattAri sahassAni labhatI' ti raJJA vutte ko achekapuriso vegena makkaTakasuttaM AkaGkSanto tahiM tahiM chindati yeva / aparo acheko chedanabhayA hatthena phusituM pi na visahati / cheko pana koTito paTThAya samena payogena daNDake vedhetvA AharitvA lAbhaM labhati / yathA ca acheko niyAmako balavavAte laGkAraM pUrento nAvaM videsaM pakkhandApeti / aparo acheko mandavAte laGkAraM Aropento nAvaM tattheva Thapeti / cheko pana mandavAte laGkAraM pUretvA balavavAte aGkalaGkAraM katvA sotthinA icchitaTThAnaM pApuNAti / yathA ca "yo telena achaDDento nALiM pUreti, so lAbhaM labhatI" ti Acariyena antevAsikAnaM vutte eko acheko lAbhaluddho vegena pUrento telaM chaDDeti / aparo telachaDDUnabhayA AsiJcituM pi na visahati / cheko pana samena payogena pUretvA lAbhaM labhati / evameva eko bhikkhu "uppanne nimitte sIghameva appanaM pApuNissAmI" ti gALhaM viriyaM karoti, tassa cittaM accAraddhaviriyattA uddhacce patati, so na sakkoti appanaM pApuNituM / eko accAraddhaviriyatAya dosaM disvA, 'kiM dAni me appanAyA' ti viriyaM hApeti / tassa cittaM atilInaviriyattA kosajje patati, so pi na sakkoti appanaM pApuNituM / yo pana Isaka pilInaM lInabhAvato, uddhataM uddhaccato mocetvA samena payogena nimittAbhimukhaM pavatteti, so appanaM pApuNAti / tAdisena bhavitabbaM / * aura jaise "jo cAra vyAma (1 vyAma = 6 phuTa) kI lambAI vAle makar3I ke sUta ko lAyagA vaha cAra hajAra pAyagA" isa prakAra rAjA dvArA kahe jAne para koI anAr3I puruSa tejI se makar3I kA sUta khIMca kara nikAlate hue jahA~ tahA~ se tor3a DAlatA hai; dUsarA anAr3I TUTa jAne ke Dara se hAtha lagAne kA bhI sAhasa nahIM karatA; kintu catura puruSa santulita prayAsa dvArA kinAre se lekara anta taka DaNDe meM sUta lapeTa kara rAjA ke sAmane lAkara puraskAra pAtA hai| (3) aura jaise koI anAr3I mA~jhI (nAvika = niyAmaka) teja havA meM pAla tAna kara nAva ko videza (galata jagaha) meM pahu~cA detA hai, dUsarA anAr3I dhImI havA meM pAla utAra detA hai jisase nAva vahIM kI vahIM Thahara jAtI hai; kintu catura mA~jhI dhImI havA meM pUrA pAla tAna kara aura teja havA meM AdhA pAla tAnakara surakSita rUpa se abhISTa sthAna para pahu~ca jAtA hai / (4) aura jaise "jo tela ko vinA girAye use phoMphI (zIzI meM bharegA, vaha puraskAra pAyegA"isa prakAra AcArya dvArA ziSyoM ko saMketa kiye jAne para koI anAr3I ziSya, tejI se bharate hue, tela girA detA hai; dUsarA mUrkha ziSya tela gira jAne ke Dara se tela ur3elane kA bhI sAhasa nahIM karatA; kintu catura ziSya santulita prayAsa dvArA kathita vidhi se bharakara puraskAra pAtA hai| (5) isI prakAra koI bhikSu "nimitta utpanna ho gayA, aba zIghra hI arpaNA ko prApta karU~gA " - isa prakAra socakara dRr3ha udyoga karatA hai| isa atyadhika udyoga ke kAraNa usake citta kA auddhatya meM patana ho jAtA hai, ataH vaha arpaNA prApta nahIM kara paataa| dUsarA koI atyadhika udyoga meM doSa dekhakara "aba mujhe arpaNA se kyA ?" - aisA socakara udyoga karanA hI chor3a detA hai| yoM, atyalpa udyoga ke kAraNa, usake citta kA kausIdya meM patana ho jAtA hai| vaha bhI arpaNA prApta nahIM kara pAtA / kintu jo alpamAtra Alasyayukta citta ko Alasya se uddhata citta ko auddhatya se chur3Akara use santulita prayAsa dvArA nimitta kI ora pravRtta karatA hai, vahI arpaNA prApta kara pAtA hai| bhikSu ko aisA hI prayAsa karanA cAhiye /

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190 visuddhimagga imamatthaM sandhAya etaM vuttaM "reNumhi uppaladale, sutte, nAvAya, naaliyaa| yathA madhukarAdInaM pavatti sammavaNNitA // lInauddhatabhAvehi mocayitvAna sbbso| evaM nimittAbhimukhaM mAnasaM pttipaadye|| ti|| paThamajhAnakathA .. 20. iti evaM nimittAbhimukhaM mAnasaM paTipAdayato panassa'idAni appanA ijjhissatI' ti bhavaGgaM upacchinditvA 'pathavI, pathavI' ti anuyogavasena upadritaM tadeva pathavIkasiNaM ArammaNaM kRtvA menodvArAvajanaM uppjjti| tato tasmi yevArammaNe cattAri paJca vA javanAni jvnti| tesuavasAne ekaM rUpAvaraM sesAni kaamaavcraani| pakaticittehi balavataravitakavicArapItisukhacittekaggatAni yAni appanAya parikammattA parikammAnI ti pi, yathA gAmAdInaM Asannapadeso gAmUpacAro nagarUpacAro ti vuccati, evaM appanAya AsannattA samIpacArittA vA upacArAnI ti pi, ito pubbo parikammAnaM, upari appanAya ca anulomato anulomAnI isI artha ke sandarbha meM (Upara) yaha kahA gayA hai-"reNumhi..uppaladale.mAnasaM pttipaadye"|| (parAga meM...citta lagAnA caahiye)| prathamadhyAna-varNana 20. isa prakAra nimitta kI ora mana ko pravRtta karane vAle isa (bhikSu) meM isake bAda arpaNA utpanna hogI'-isa prakAra bhikSu kI jAnakArI meM bhavaGga kA upaccheda karake 'pRthvI, pRthvI' isa anuyoga ke anusAra upasthita usI pRthvIkasiNa ko Alambana banAkara manodvArAvarjana' citta utpanna hotA hai| tatpazcAt usI Alambana meM cAra yA pA~ca javanacitta javana karate haiN| unakA avasAna hone para eka rUpAvacara evaM zeSa kAmAvacaracitta utpanna hote haiM, jo ki sAdhAraNa cittoM kI apekSA balavattara vitarka, vicAra, prIti, suHkha evaM ekAgratA se yukta hote haiM; jo ki arpaNA ke parikarma hone se parikarma bhI evaM jaise grAma Adi kA Asanna pradeza yA gAmopacAra nagaropacAra kahA jAtA hai, vaise hI arpaNA ke Asanna yA samIpavartI hone se 'upacAra' evaM pahale Ane vAle parikarmoM ke yA bAda meM Ane vAlI arpaNA ke anuloma (=anurUpa) hone se 'anuloma' bhI kahe jAte haiN| aura jo inameM se antima hai vaha 1."bhavassa aja bhavaGga" bhava ke ajako 'bhavaGga kahate haiN| arthAt utpattibhava kI avicchinna pravRtti ke hetubhUta citta ko bhavaGga kahate haiN| (dra0-pandI0. pRSTha 104-105 / 2. manodvArAvarjana-vIthisantati ke pahale bhavAsantati hotI hai| jaba abhinava Alambana avabhAsita hotA hai taba usa bhavaGgasantati ko punaH utpanna hone se rokane ke liye usakA avarodha karanA Avarjana kA kRtya hai| yaha Avarjana navIna Alambana kA grahaNa karane ke liye vIthisantati ke utpAda hetu cittasantati ko navIna Alambana kI tarapha abhimukha karatA hai| cakSura Adi pA~ca (indriyoM ke) dvAroM meM hone vAle Avarjana ko 'manodvArAvarjana' kahate haiN| (dra0-pa0dI0, pR0 105) 3. 'javatIti javanaM'-vega se gamana karanA 'javana' kahalAtA hai| javanacitta cAhe eka bAra utpanna ho yA aneka bAra, atyanta vegapUrvaka utpanna hotA hai| Alambana kA anubhava karanA yA rasa lenA javana kA kRtya hai| (da0eka dI0, pRSTha 105) 4. 'parikaroti appaM abhisaGgharotIti parikamma'-jo citta arpaNA kA abhisaMskAra karatA hai vaha 'parikarma' hai, arthAt arpaNA kA utpAda karane vAlA citta / (dra0-vibhA0. pRSTha 112) 5. arpaNA ke na samIpa aura na bahuta dUra citta ko 'upacAra' kahate haiN| (dra0 visu0 mahA0, pra0 bhA0, pR0 112) / ...

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 191 ti pi vuccnti| yaM cettha sabbantimaM, taM parittagottAbhibhavanato mahaggatagottabhAvanato ca gotrabhU ti pi vuccti| aggahitaggahaNena panettha paThamaM parikamma, dutiyaM upacAraM, tatiyaM anuloma, catutthaM gotrbhu| paThamaM vA upacAraM, dutiyaM anuloma, tatiyaM gotrabhu, catutthaM paJcamaM vA appnaacittN| catutthameva hi paJcamaM vA appeti, taM ca kho khippaabhijny-dndhaabhinyvsen| tato paraM javanaM patati, bhavaGgassa vAro hoti| 21. Abhidhammikagodattatthero pana"purimA purimA kusalA dhammA pacchimAnaM kusalAnaM dhammAnaM Asevanapaccayena paccayo" (abhi07:1-8) ti imaM suttaM vatvA"Asevanapaccayena pacchimo pacchimo dhammo balavA hoti, tasmA chaTe pi sattame pi appanA hotI" ti aah| taM aTThakathAsu"attano matimattaM therassetaM" ti vatvA pttikkhittN| 22. catutthapaJcamesu yeva pana appanA hoti, parato javanaM patitaM nAma hoti, bhavaGgassa AsannattA ti vuttN| taM evaM vicAretvA vuttattA na sakA pttikkhipituN| yathA hi puriso chinnapapAtAbhimukho dhAvanto ThAtukAmo pi pariyante pAdaM katvA ThAtuM na sakoti papAte eva patati, evaM chaThe vA sattame vA appetuM na sakkoti, bhavaGgassa aasnnttaa| tasmA catutthapaJcamesu yeva appanA hotI ti veditbbaa| __23. sA ca pana ekacittakkhaNikA yev| sattasu hi ThAnesu addhAnaparicchedo nAma paritra gotra ko abhibhUta karane se evaM mahadgata gotra kI bhAvanA karane se 'gotrabhU bhI kahA jAtA hai| (ina cAra cittoM meM se prathama ko parikarma, upacAra evaM anuloma-ina tIna nAmoM se kahA jA sakatA hai| dvitIya evaM tRtIya citta ko bhI ina tIna nAmoM se kahA jA sakatA hai, kintu gRhIta kA grahaNa na karate hue (=punarAvRtti se bacate hue), prathama ko 'parikarma', dvitIya ko 'upacAra', tRtIya ko 'anuloma', caturtha ko 'gotrabhU' kahA jAtA hai| athavA, prathama ko upacAra, dvitIya ko anuloma, tRtIya ko gotrabhU evaM caturtha yA paJcama ko arpaNAcitta kahA jAtA hai| kSipra abhijJA evaM manda abhijJA ke anusAra vaha caturtha yA paJcama citta arpaNA hotA hai| usake bAda javana kA pAta hotA hai, phira bhavaGga kA avasara AtA hai| 21. kintu Abhidharmika godatta sthavira "pUrva-pUrva ke kuzala dharma pazcAt-pazcAt ke kuzala dharmoM ke Asevana pratyaya hone se pratyaya haiM" (abhi0 7.1-8) isa sUtra kA uddharaNa dekara kahate haiM ki "Asavena pratyaya se pazcAt kA dharma sabala hotA hai, isaliye arpaNA chaThe aura sAtaveM para bhI hotI hai|" isa mata kA aTThakathAoM meM "vaha sthavira kA apanA vicAramAtra hai" kahakara khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| 22. kahA gayA hai ki "cauthe-pA~caveM meM hI arpaNA hotI hai| usake bAda bhavaGga kI samIpatA ke kAraNa, javana-pAta hotA hai| kyoMki yaha (mata) isa prakAra vicAra karane ke bAda kahA gayA hai, ataH isakA khaNDana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jisa prakAra koI vyakti TUTe hue taTavAle prapAta kI ora daur3ate hue khar3e hone kI icchA karane para bhI, kinAre para paira rakhakara khar3A nahIM ho pAtA, prapAta meM gira hI par3atA hai, usI prakAra cauthe pA~caveM meM hI arpaNA hotI hai-yahI samajhanA caahiye| 1. 'gottaM bhavati amibhavatIti gotrabhU / arthAt pRthagjana ke gotra (=satkAyadRSTi evaM vicikitsA se samprayukta cittasantati) kA abhibhava karane vAlA citta 'gotrabhU' hai|

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192 visuddhimagga natthi - paThamappanAyaM, lokiyAbhijJAsu, catUsu maggesu, maggAnantare phale, rUpArUpabhavesu bhavaGgajjhAne, nirodhassa paccaye nevasaJjanAsaJJAyatane, nirodhA vuTThahantassa phalasamApattiyaM ti / ettha maggAnantaraM phalaM tiNNaM upari na hoti / nirodhassa paccayo nevasaJjAnAsaJJAyatanaM dvinaM upari na hoti / rUpArUpesu bhavaGgassa parimANaM natthi / sesaTTAnesu ekameva cittaM ti / iti ekacittakkhaNikA yeva appanA, tato bhavaGgapAto / atha bhavaGgaM vocchinditvA jhAnapaccavekkhaNatthAya AvajjanaM, tato jhAnapaccavekkhaNaM ti / 24. ettAvatA ca panesa "vivacceva kAmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaM savicAraM vivekajaM pItisukhaM paThamaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharati" (abhi0 1 - 45 ) / evamanena paJcaGgavippahInaM paJcaGgasamannAgataM tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM paThamaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM / 25. tattha vivicceva kAmehI ti / kAmehi viviccitvA, vinA hutvA, apakkamitvA / yo panAyamettha evakAro, so niyamattho ti veditabbo / yasmA ca niyamattho, tasmA tasmi paThamajjhAnaM upasampajja viharaNasamaye avijjamAnAnaM pi kAmAnaM tassa paThamajjhAnassa paripakkhabhAvaM kAmapariccAgeneva cassa adhigamaM dIpeti / kathaM ? ' vivicceva kAmehI 'ti evaM hi niyame kariyamAne idaM paJJAyati - nUnamimassa jJAnassa kAmA paripakkhabhUtA yesu sati idaM nappavattati, andhakAre sati padIpobhAso viy| 23. kintu yaha arpaNA eka citta-kSaNa vAlI hI hotI hai| sAta sthitiyoM (=sthAnoM) meM kAlapariccheda nahIM hotA - prathama arpaNA meM, laukika abhijJAoM meM cAra mArgoM meM, mArga ke bAda phala meM, rUpa aura arUpa bhavoM meM hone vAle bhavaGga dhyAna meM, nirodha ke pratyaya-naivasaMjJAnasaMjJAyatana meM, nirodha se uThane vAle kI phalasamApatti meM / yahA~, mArga ke anantara Ane vAlA phala saMkhyA meM tIna cittoM se adhika nahIM hotA / rUpa aura arUpa bhavoM meM cittoM kI saMkhyA kA parimANa nahIM hai| zeSa sthitiyoM meM eka hI citta hotA hai| ataH arpaNA eka citta-kSaNa kI hI hotI hai, tatpazcAt bhavaGgapAta ho jAtA hai| taba bhavaGga ko roka kara dhyAna ke pratyavekSaNa ke liye Avarjana hotA hai, tatpazcAt dhyAna kA pratyavekSaNa hotA hai| 24. yahA~ taka "vivacceva kAmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaM savicAraM vivekajaM pItisukhaM paThamaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharati " ( abhi0 1 - 45) / evamanena paJcAGgavippahInaM paccaGgasamannAgataM tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM paThamaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM (kAmoM se virahita arthAt viyukta) hokara hI aura akuzala dharmoM se virahita hokara, vitarka-vicAra sahita viveka se utpanna prIti aura sukhavAle prathama dhyAna ko prApta kara viharatA hai" (abhi0 1-45) / aura vaha paJcAGgavirahita, paJcAGgasamanvita, tIna prakAra se uttama, dasa lakSaNoM se sampanna, pRthvIkasiNa kA prathama dhyAna prApta kara cukA hotA hai / ) isa pAlipATha kA vyAkhyAna huA / 25. isa dhyAna - pAli meM vivicceva kAmehi- "kAmoM se virahita hokara hI " - kAmoM se viyukta hokara (unake) vinA hokara, dUra hokr| aura yahA~ jo 'eva' (hI) zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, use niyama ke artha meM samajhanA caahiye| cU~ki vaha niyamArtha hai ataH yaha sUcita karatA hai ki usa prathama dhyAna se yukta hokara viharane ke samaya, nahIM rahane vAle kAmoM kA usa prathama dhyAna se virodha hai; evaM kAma ke parityAga se hI usa prathama dhyAna kI prApti hotI hai|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 193 tesaM pariccAgeneva cassa adhigamo hoti, orimatIrapariccAgena pArimatIrasseva, tasmA niyama karotI ti| tattha siyA-kasmA panesa pubbapade yeva vutto, na uttarapade? kiM akusalehi dhammehi aviviccA pi jhAnaM upasampaja vihareyyA ti? na kho panetaM evaM dadubbaM / taMnissaraNato hi pubbapade esa vutto / kAmadhAtusamatikamanato hi kAmarAgapaTipakkhato ca idaM jhAnaM kAmAnameva nissaraNaM / yathAha-"kAmAnametaM nissaraNaM yadidaM nekkhamma" (dI0 3-212) ti| uttarapade pi pana yathA "idheva, bhikkhave, samaNo, idha dutiyo samaNo" (ma01-90) ti| ettha evakAro AnetvA vuccati, evaM vttbbo| na hi sakA ito ajehi pi nIvaraNasaGkhAtehi akusalehi dhammehi avivicca jhAnaM upasampaja viharituM / tasmA "vivicceva kAmehi vivicceva akusalehi dhammehI" ti evaM padadvaye pi esa dgubbo| padadvaye pi ca kizcApi 'viviccA' ti iminA sAdhAraNavacanena tadaGgavivekAdayo kAyavivekAdayo ca sabbe pi vivekA saGgahaM gacchanti, tathA pi kAyaviveko, cittaviveko, vikkhambhanaviveko ti tayo eva idha dtttthbbaa| 26. kAmehI ti| iminA pana padena ye ca niise "katame vatthukAmA? manApikA rUpA" (khu0 4: 1-1) ti AdinA nayena vatthukAmA vuttA, ye ca tattheva vibhate ca "chando kAmo, rAgo kAmo, chandarAgo kAmo, saGkappo kAmo, rAgo kAmo, saGkapparAgo .. kaise? 'kAmoM se viyukta hokara hI'-aisA nirdhArita karane para yaha jJAta hotA hai-avazya hI kAma isa dhyAna ke pratipakSarUpa hai, jinake hone para yaha nahIM hotA, andhakAra evaM prakAza ke samAna, arthAt andhakAra prakAza ke samAna, kAma evaM dhyAna sAtha-sAtha nahIM raha sakate / evaM isa ora ke taTa ke parityAga se hI usa ora ke taTa kI prApti ke samAna, una kAmoM ke parityAga se hI isa prathama dhyAna kI prApti hotI hai| ataH niyama kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ (=dhyAnasambandhI pAli ke viSaya meM) yaha pUchA jA sakatA hai-"kisaliye yaha ('hI'='eva' zabda) parva pada (parva gadyAMza"vivicceva kAmehi meM hI kahA gayA hai, uttara pada meM nahIM? kyA akuzala dharmoM se virahita hue vinA bhI dhyAna ko prAptakara vihAra kiyA jA sakatA hai? aisA nahIM samajhanA caahiye| unase (=kAmadhAtu se) niHsaraNa ke artha meM hI yaha pUrvapada meM kahA gayA hai| kAmadhAtu se samatikramaNa rUpa hone se, kAmarAga kA pratipakSabhUta hone se, yaha dhyAna kAma se hI niHsaraNa hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-"yaha jo naiSkAmya hai yahI kAmoM se niHsaraNa hai"| kabhI-kabhI uttarapada meM bhI isa "eva' kA prayoga huA hai| jaisA ki-"bhikSuo, yahA~ zramaNa hai, yahA~ (hI) dUsarA zramaNa hai"| yahA~ 'eva' (hI) lAkara (mAnakara hI) kahA gayA hai-yahI kahanA cAhiye / yahA~, nIvaraNasaMjJaka anya akuzala dharmoM se rahita hue vinA dhyAna prApta kara viharanA sambhava nahIM hai| isaliye "kAmoM se virahita hokara hI, akuzala dharmoM se virahita hokara hI"-isa prakAra donoM meM isa 'hI' ko samajhanA caahiye| donoM padoM meM bhI yadyapi "vibhakta (=virahita) hokara" isa sAmAnya vacana se tadaGgaviveka Adi aura kAyaviveka Adi sabhI viveka meM saMgRhIta ho jAte haiM; tathApi kAyaviveka, cittaviveka evaM viSkambhaNaviveka-tInoM ko yahA~ samajhanA caahiye| 26. kAmehi (kAmoM se)-isa pada se jo ki niddesa ( mahAnidesa grantha) meM-"kitane vastukAma (vastu ke rUpa meM kAma) haiM? mana ko priya lagane vAle (-manApa) rUpa" Adi prakAra se vastukAma kahe gaye haiM aura vahIM tathA vibhA meM "panda kAma hai, rAga kAma hai, chanda rAga kAma hai; saGkalpa

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194 visuddhimagga kAmo- ime vuccanti kAmA" (abhi0 2-308) ti evaM kilesakAmA vuttA, te sabbe pi saGgahitA icceva dtttthbbaa| evaM hi sati vivicceva kAmehI ti 'vatthukAmehi pi viviccevA' ti attho yujjati, tena kAyaviveko vutto hoti| vivicca akusalehi dhammehI ti| kilesakAmehi sabbAkusalehi vA viviccA ti attho yujati, tena cittaviveko vutto hoti| purimena cettha vatthukAmehi vivekavacanato eva 'kAmasukhapariccAgo, dutiyena kilesakAmehi vivekavacanato nekkhammasukhapariggaho vibhAvito hoti| evaM vatthukAmakilesakAmavivekavacanatoyeva ca etesaM paThamena saGkilesavatthuppahAnaM, dutiyena saGkilesappahAnaM / paThamena lolabhAvassa hetupariccAgo, dutiyena baalbhaavss| paThamena ca payogasuddhi, dutiyena AsayaposanaM vibhAvitaM hotI ti vitabbaM / esa tAva nayo kAmehI ti ettha vuttakAmesu vtthukaampkkhe| kilesakAmapakkhe pana chando ti ca rAgo ti ca evamAdIhi anekabhedo kAmacchando yeva kAmo ti adhippeto| so ca akusalapariyapanno pi samAno "tattha katamo kAmo? chando kAmo" (abhi02-308) ti AdinA nayena vibhane jhAnapaTipakkhato visuM vutto| kilesakAmattA vA purimapade vutto, akusalapariyApannattA dutiypde| anekabhedato cassa kAmato ti avatvA kAmehI ti vuttN| ajesaM pi ca dhammAnaM akusalabhAve vijamAne "tattha katame akusalA dhammA? kAma hai, rAga kAma hai, saGkalpa rAga kAma hai-inheM kAma kahA jAtA hai" -isa prakAra klezakAma kahe gaye haiM, una sabako isI meM saMgRhIta samajhanA caahiye| aisI sthiti meM "kAmoM se virahita hokara hI" kA artha isa prakAra samajhanA cAhiye-"vastukAmoM se bhI virahita hokara hI": evaM isake dvArA 'kAyaviveka' batalAyA gayA hai| vivicca akusalehi dhammehi (akuzala dharmoM meM virahita hokara)-isakA artha yaha samajhanA cAhiye-kleza kAmoM se yA sabhI akuzaloM se virahita hokara / isake dvArA 'cittaviveka' batalAyA gayA hai| evaM isa prakAra prathama ke dvArA 'kAmasukhoM kA parityAga' sUcita hotA hai; kyoMki yahA~ kevala vastukAmoM se virahita honA kahA hai| dUsare se naiSkAmya meM sukha kA parigraha sUcita hotA hai; kyoMki yaha 'klezakAmoM se virahita honA' batalAyA hai| 'yoM 'vastukAma, klezakAma, vivekakAma jo kahA gayA hai, unameM prathama (=vastukAmaviveka) se saMklezavastu kA prahANa evaM dUsare se saMkleza kA prahANa; prathama se lolupatA ke hetu kA parityAga, dUsare se avidyA (bAlabhAva) kA; prathama se prayoga-AjIva) zuddhi evaM dUsare se Azaya (=abhiruci) kA pariSkAra sUcita hotA hai-aisA jAnanA caahiye| jaba 'kAmoM se kAma kA tAtparya vastukAma' samajhA jAtA hai, taba yaha uparyukta niyama hai; kintu yadi unheM klezakAma ke artha meM liyA jAya to chanda, rAga Adi aneka bhedoM vAle kAmacchanda se hI 'kAma' kA tAtparya hai| aura yadyapi vaha kAma 'akuzala' meM samAviSTa hai, tathApi "vahA~ kauna kAma hai? chanda kAma hai" Adi prakAra se vibhA meM dhyAna kA pratipakSa hone se pRthak rUpa se kahA gayA hai| athavA, klezakAma hone se pUrvapada meM evaM akuzala meM samAviSTa hone se uttarapada meM kahA gayA hai| evaM isa kAma ke aneka bheda hone se ekavacana-kAma se-na kahakara 'kAmoM se-aisA bahuvacana kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| evaM yadyapi anya dharmoM meM bhI akuzalatA ho sakatI hai, kintu "unameM kauna akuzala haiM?

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 195 kAmacchando" (abhi02-308)ti AdinA nayena vibhate upari jhAnaGgAnaM paccanIkapaTipakkhabhAvadassanato nIvaraNAneva vuttaani| nIvaraNAni hi jhAnaGgapaccanIkAni, tesaMjhAnaGgAneva paTipakkhAni, viddhaMsakAni vighAtakAnI ti vuttaM hoti| tathA hi "samAdhi kAmacchandassa paTipakkho, pIti byApAdassa, vitako thInamiddhassa, sukhaM uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicAro vicikicchAyA" ti peTake vuttN| evamettha "vivicceva kAmehI" ti iminA kAmacchandassa vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hoti| vivicca akusalehi dhammehI ti iminA paJcannaM pi nIvaraNAnaM, agahitaggahaNena pana paThamena kAmacchandassa, dutiyena sesanIvaraNAnaM / tathA paThamena tIsu akusalamUlesu paJcakAmaguNabhedavisayassa lobhassa, dutiyena AghAtavatthubhedAdivisayAnaM dosmohaanN| oghAdIsu vA dhammesu paThamena kAmoghakAmayogakAmAsavakAmupAdAnaabhijjhAkAyaganthakAmarAgasaMyojanAnaM, dutiyena avasesaogha-yogAsava-upAdAna-gantha-saMyojanAnaM / paThamena ca taNhAya taMsampayuttakAnaM ca, dutiyena avijAya taMsampayuttakAnaM ca / api ca, paThamena lAbhasampayuttAnaM aTThannaM cittuppAdAnaM, dutiyena sesAnaM catunnaM akusalacittuppAdAnaM vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hotI ti veditbbo| ayaM tAva "vivicceva kAmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehI" ti ettha atylpkaasnaa| . 27. ettAvatA ca paThamassa jhAnassa pahAnaGgaM dassetvA idAni sampayogaGgaM dassetuM savitakaM savicAraM ti Adi vuttaM / tattha vitakanaM vitako, UhanaM ti vuttaM hoti| svAyaM kAmacchanda" (abhi0 2, 308) Adi prakAra se vibhA meM bAda ke dhyAnAGgoM se unakI viparItatA, pratipakSabhAva, pradarzita karane ke liye kevala nIvaraNa hI kahe gaye haiN| nIvaraNa dhyAnAGgoM ke viparIta haiM, dhyAnAGga hI unake pratipakSa haiM, vidhvaMsaka hai, vighAtaka hai aisA kahA gayA hai| vaise hI-"samAdhi kAmacchanda kA pratipakSa hai, prIti vyApAda (=burI icchA) kI, vitarka styAna-mRddha kA, sukha auddhatyakaukRtya kA, vicAra vicikitsA kA pratipakSa"-isa prakAra peTaka (=mahAkaccAna dvArA dezita piTakoM kI saMvarNanA) meM kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra yahA~-"kAmoM se virahita hokara"-isase kAmacchanda kA viSkambhaNa-viveka batalAyA gayA hai| aura "akuzala dharmoM se virahita hokara" isase pA~coM nIvaraNoM kA bhii| kintu punarAvRtti na karane para, prathama ke dvArA kAmacchanda kA, dvitIya dvArA zeSa nIvaraNoM kA evaM prathama dvArA tIna akuzalamUloM meM 'paJca kAmaguNa' bheda vAle viSaya ke lobha kA, dvitIya dvArA AghAtavastu ke bheda Adi viSayoM vAle (AghAta ke liye vibhinna paristhitiyA~ hI jinake kSetra haiM, aise) doSa evaM moha kaa| athavA prathama dvArA ogha Adi dharmoM meM se kAma-ogha, kAma-yoga, kAma-Asrava, kAma-utpAdana, abhidhyA (=viSayagata lobha), kAma-grantha aura kAma-rAga saMyojanoM kA; dvitIya dvArA zeSa ogha, yoga, Asrava, upAdAna, grantha aura saMyojana kA / evaM prathama dvArA tRSNA kA evaM usase samprayuktoM kA, dvitIya se avidyA kA aura usase samprayuktoM kA / aura vaise hI-prathama dvArA lobhasamprayukta ATha cittotpAdoM kA, dvitIya dvArA zeSa cAra akuzala cittotpAdoM kA "viSkambhaNaviveka' kahA gayA hai-aisA tAtparya samajhanA caahiye| yaha-"kAmoM se virahita hokara hI, akuzala dharmoM se virahita hokara" kI vyAkhyA (artha prakAzana) hai| 27. yahA~ taka prathama dhyAna ke dvArA prahANa ( tyAga) diye gaye aGgoM ko pradarzita kara aba

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196 visuddhimagga ArammaNe cittassa abhiniropanalakkhaNo, aahnnpriyaahnnrso| tathA hi tena yogAvacaro ArammaNaM vitakAhataM vitakapariyAhataM karotI ti vuccati, ArammaNe cittassa aanynpccuptttthaano| vicaraNaM vicAro, anusaJcaraNaM ti vuttaM hoti| svAyaM ArammaNAnumajjanalakkhaNo,tattha sahajAtAnuyojanaraso, cittassa anuppbndhnpccuptttthaano| ' sante pi ca nesaM katthaci avippayoge, oLArikadvena pubbaGgamadvena ca ghaNTAbhighAto viya cetaso paThamAbhinipAto vitko| sukhumaTena anumajanasabhAvena ca ghaNTAnuravo viya anuppabandho vicaaro| vipphAravA cettha vitako paThamuppattikAle paripphandanabhUto cittassa, AkAse uppatitukAmassa pakkhino pakkhavikhepo viya, padumAbhimukhapAto viya ca gandhAnubandhacetaso bhmrss| santavutti vicAro nAtipariphandanabhAvo cittassa, AkAse uppatitassa pakkhino pakkhappasAraNaM viya, paribbhamanaM viya ca padumAbhimukhapatitassa bhamarassa padumassa upribhaagN| dukanipAtakathAyaM pana "akAse gacchato mahAsakaNassa ubhohi pakkhehi vAtaM gahetvA pakkhe sannisIdApetvA gamanaM viya ArammaNaM cetaso abhiniropanabhAvena pavatto vitko| vAtaggahaNatthaM pakkhe phandApayamAnassa gamanaM viya anumajjanabhAvena pavatto vicAro" ( )ti vuttaM, taM anuppabandhena pavattiyaM yujjti| so pana nesaM viseso paThamadutiyajjhAnesu pAkaTo hoti| 'samprayoga' (=dhyAna ke sAtha samprayukta hone vAle) aGgoM ko pradarzita karane ke liye "savitarka savicAra" Adi kahA gayA hai| unameM, vizeSa rUpa se tarka, Uhana karanA, 'vitarka hai| isakA lakSaNa apane Alambana meM citta ko pravRtta karanA hai, isakA rasa (=kArya) prahANa karanA, nirantara prahANa karanA hai| yoM vaha sAdhaka Alambana ko vitahita kara DAlatA hai-aisA kahA jAtA hai| Alambana meM citta ko le AnA isakA pratyupasthAna hai| Alambana meM vicaraNa karanA, nirantara vicaraNa karanA 'vicAra' hai| apane Alambana kA anumajjana (mardana, ragar3anA)-isakA lakSaNa hai, usameM sahajAta dharmoM ko lagAye rakhanA-isakA rasa hai, Alambana ke sAtha citta ko bA~dhe rakhanA-isakA pratyupasthAna hai| aura yadyapi kahIM-kahIM ve paraspara pRthak rUpa meM nahIM pAye jAte, tathApi vitarka Alambana ke prati citta kA prathama abhinipAta ( jhukAva) hai, isa artha meM ki vaha sthUla evaM pUrvagAmI hai, ghaNTe para AghAta ke samAna / vicAra citta kA Alambana meM anubandha hai, isa artha meM ki vaha sUkSma evaM anumajjana svabhAva kA hai, ghaNTe kI pratidhvani (anugUMja) ke samAna / evaM inameM, vitarka visphuraNa (spandana) yukta hai, vicAra-prakriyA kI prathama utpatti ke samaya citta kA spandana rUpa hai, AkAza meM ur3ane kI icchA karane vAle pakSI dvArA apane paloM ko hilAne-DulAne ke samAna, yA gandha se AkRSTa citta vAle bhaureM dvArA kamala-puSpa para ma~DarAne ke smaan| vicAra kI vRtti zAnta hai| vaha citta kA, AkAza meM ur3ane vAle pakSI ke paja phailAne ke samAna aura kamala ke phUla para maiMDarAne vAle bhaure dvArA kamala ke ThIka Upara ma~DarAne ke samAna atispandana rUpa hai| __ akutaranikAya ke dukanipAta kI aTThakathA meM kahA gayA hai- "AkAza meM ur3ate hue vizAla pakSI dvArA donoM pakSoM meM havA lekara, unheM balapUrvaka nIce jhukAkara ur3ane ke samAna, Alambana ke prati citta ko AropaNabhAva se pravRtta karanA vitarka ; evaM havA lene ke liye pajoM ko hilAte hue ur3ate rahane

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 197 api ca-malaggahitaM kaMsabhAjanaM ekena hatthena daLhagahaNahattho viya vitako, parimajjanahattho viya vicaaro| tathA kumbhakArassa daNDappahArena cakaM bhamayitvA bhAjanaM karontassa uppILanahattho viya vitako, ito cito ca saJcaraNahattho viya vicaaro| tathA maNDalaM karontassa majjhe sannirumbhitvA ThitakaNTako viya abhiniropano vitako, bahi paribbhamanakaNTako viya anumajjano vicaaro| iti iminA ca vitakena iminA ca vicArena saha vattati rukkho viya pupphena cA ti idaM jhAnaM "savitakaM savicAraM" ti vuccati / vibhaGge pana "iminA ca vitakena iminA ca vicArena upeto hoti samupeto" (abhi0 2-309)ti AdinA nayena puggalAdhiTThAnA desanA ktaa| attho pana tatrApi evameva dttttbbo| 28. vivekajaM ti| ettha vivitti viveko, nIvaraNavigamo ti attho| vivitto ti vA viveko, nIvaraNavivitto jhAnasampayuttadhammarAsI ti attho| tasmA vivekA, tasmiM vA viveke jAtaM ti vivekjN| 29. pItisukhaM ti| ettha pINayatI ti piiti|saa sampiyAyanalakkhaNA, kAyacittapINanarasA, pharaNarasA vA, odgypccupttttaanaa| sA panesA 1.khuddikA pIti, 2. khaNikA pIti, 3. okantikA pIti, 4. ubbegA pIti, 5. pharaNA pItI ti paJcavidhA hoti| . tattha khudikA pIti sarIre lomahaMsamattameva kAtuM skkoti| khaNikA pIti khaNe ke samAna anumajjanabhAva se pravRtta karanA 'vicAra' hai"| vaha kathana anuprabandhana ke sahAre cittapravRtti meM yukta hotA hai| unakA vaha bheda prathama aura dvitIya dhyAnoM meM (jaba dhyAna pA~ca agoM vAlA mAnA jAtA hai) spaSTa hotA hai| aura bhI-jisameM maila baiTha gayA ho, aise kA~se ke bartana ko dRr3hatApUrvaka pakar3ane vAle hAtha ke samAna vitarka hai; mA~jane vAle hAtha ke samAna vicAra hai| evaM-daNDaprahAra se cAka ghUmAte hue bartana banAne vAle kumhAra ke miTTI ke loMde ko dabAne vAle hAtha ke samAna vitarka' hai; AkAra dene ke liye yahA~-vahA~ phirane vAle hAtha ke samAna 'vicAra' hai| tathA-parakAla se golA banAne (=kAgaja Adi para gola AkAra khIMcane) vAle vyakti dvArA bIca meM gar3Akara khar3e kiye gaye kA~Te ke samAna Alambana meM citta kA AropaNa karanA 'vitarka hai; bAhara ghUmane (=AkAra khIMcane) vAle kA~Te ke samAna anumajana karanA 'vicAra' hai| isa prakAra, puSpayukta vRkSa ke samAna yaha prathama dhyAna isa vitarka evaM vicAra ke sAtha rahanA hai; ataH use 'savitarka savicAra' kahA jAtA hai| kintu vimajha meM "isa vitarka se aura isa vicAra se yukta, saMyukta hotA hai" Adi prakAra se pudgala ke viSaya meM dezanA kI gayI hai| kintu vahA~ bhI artha to yahI (uparyukta hI) samajhanA caahiye| 28. vivekajaM- yahA~ vivikta karanA hI viveka hai| isakA artha hai nIvaraNoM se rahita honaa| athavA vivikta (hI) viveka hai| isakA artha hai nIvaraNoM se vivikta (rahita), dhyAna se samprayukta dharmA kA samUha | usa viveka se yA usa viveka meM utpanna hai ataH vivekaja hai| 29. pItisukhaM- yahA~-tRpta karatI hai yA bar3hAtI hai isaliye prIti hai| Alambana meM anurakta karanA isakA lakSaNa hai| kAya va citta ko tRpta karanA yA bar3hAnA isakA rasa hai| (jaba prIti utpanna hotI hai taba citta vikasita kamala ke samAna khila jAtA hai, sampUrNa zarIra tRpta evaM bRMhita-bar3hA huA pratIta hotA hai / ) gadgada (audagraya) honA isakA pratyupasthAna hai|

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198 visuddhimagga khaNe vijuppAdasadisA hoti| okkantikA pIti samuddatIraM vIci viya kAyaM okamitvA okkamitvA bhijjti| ubbegA pIti balavatI hoti, kAyaM uddhaggaM katvA AkAse lngghaapnppmaannppttaa| tathA hi puNNavalliMkavAsI mahAtissatthero puNNamadivase sAyaM cetiyaGgaNaM gantvA candAlokaM disvA mahAcetiyAbhimukho hutvA "imAya vata velAya catasso parisA mahAcetiyaM vandantI" ti pakatiyA diTThArammaNavasena buddhArammaNaM ubbegApItiM uppAdetvA sudhAtale pahaTacitrageNDuko viya AkAse uppatitvA mahAcetiyaGgaNe yeva ptitttthaasi| tathA girikaNDakavihArassa upanissaye vattakAlakagAme ekA kuladhItA pi balavabuddhArammaNAya ubbegApItiyA AkAse lnggresi| 30. tassA kira mAtApitaro sAyaM dhammassavanatthAya vihAraM gacchantA "amma, tvaM garubhArA akAle vicarituM na sakkosi, mayaM tumhaM pattiM katvA dhamma sossAmA" ti agmNsu| sA gantukAmA pi tesaM vacanaM paTibAhituM asakkontI ghare ohAyitvA gharAjire ThatvA candAlokena girikaNDake AkAsacetiyaGgaNaM olokentA cetiyassa dIpapUjaM addasa, catasso ca parisA mAlAgandhAdIhi cetiyapUjaM katvA padakkhiNaM karontiyo bhikkhusaGghassa ca gaNasajjhAyasadaM assosi| yathassA "dhA vatime ye vihAraM gantvA evarUpe cetiyaGgaNe anusaJcarituM, evarUpaM ca madhuradhammakathaM sotuM labhantI" ti muttArAsisadisaM cetiyaM passantiyA eva vaha prIti pA~ca prakAra kI hotI hai-1. kSudrikA, 2. kSaNikA, 3. avakrAntikA, 4. udvegA evaM 5. sphurnnaa| - inameM, kSudikA prIti zarIra meM kevala lomaharSaNa (=romAMca) kara sakatI hai| kSaNikA prIti kSaNa-kSaNa para vidyutpAda ke samAna hotI hai| avakrAntikA prIti samudra taTa kI taraGga ke samAna zarIra meM phaila-phailakara samApta ho jAtI hai| udvegA prIti sabala hotI hai| yaha zarIra ko Upara kI ora AkAza meM uchAlatI huI-sI pratIta hotI hai| vaise hI (jaise ki) puNNavamika nivAsI mahAtiSya sthavira ne pUrNimA ke dina sAyaMkAla caitya ke A~gana meM jAkara candramA ke prakAza ko dekha mahAcaitya kI ora mukha karake-"ahA! isa samaya to cAroM pariSadeM (bhikSu, bhikSuNI, upAsaka, upAsikA) mahAcaitya kI vandanA kara rahI haiM"- aisA socakara svAbhAvika rUpa se dIkha rahe Alambana dvArA buddha ko Alambana banAkara usa meM udvegA prIti utpanna kii| evaM plAsTara kI gayI (cikanI) sataha para citrita geMda ke samAna sthavira AkAza meM ur3akara sIdhe mahAcaitya ke A~gana meM hI jAkara khar3e hue| 30 vaise hI, girikaNDaka mahAvihAra ke pAsa vattakAlaka grAma meM eka kulaputrI bhI buddha ko Alambana banAkara sabala udvegA prIti (utpanna karane) se ur3akara AkAza meM calI gayI thii| usake mAtA-pitA ne sAyaGkAla dharmazravaNa ke liye vihAra jAte samaya "putri! tuma garbhiNI ho, yo kusamaya meM calanA-phiranA tumhAre liye sambhava nahIM hai, (ataH tuma yahIM raho), hama tumhAre prati puNyadAna kA saGkalpa kara dharma-zravaNa kareMge"-aisA kahakara prasthAna kiyaa| vaha bhI jAnA cAhatI thI, parantu una pUjyoM kI bAta TAla nahIM skii| ataH usane ghara meM hI rahakara ghara ke A~gana meM khar3I hokara cA~danI me girikaNDaka ke AkAzacaitya (=parvata para bane hue caitya) ke A~gana kI ora dekhate hue caitya kI dIpa-pUjA, AratI ko dekhA, aura jaba cAroM pariSade mAlA-gandha Adi se caitya kI pUjA kara pradakSiNA kara rahI thI, taba bhikSusaddha ke sAmUhika dharmavAcana ko sunaa| taba usane-"ahA! ye dhanya hai

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 199 ubbegApIti udapAdi / sA AkAse laGghitvA mAtA pitUnaM purimataraM yeva AkAsato cetiyaGgaNe oruvha cetiyaM vanditvA dhammaM suNamAnA aTThAsi / atha naM mAtApitaro AgantvA "amma, tvaM katarena maggena AgatAsI" ti pucchisu / sA " AkAsena AgatAmhi, na maggenA" ti vatvA "amma, AkAsena nAma khINAsavA saJcaranti, tvaM kathaM AgatA ?" ti vuttA Aha- " mayhaM candAlokena cetiyaM olokentiyA ThitAya buddhArammaNA balavapIti uppajji / athAhaM neva attano ThitabhAvaM, na nisinnabhAvaM aJJAsiM, gahitanimitteneva pana AkAse laGghitvA cetiyaGgaNaM patiTThitAmhI" ti / evaM ubbegApIti AkAse laGghApanappamANA hoti / pharaNApItiyA pana uppannAya sakalasarIraM dhamitvA pUritavatthi viya mahatA udakoghena pakkhandapabbatakucchi viya ca anuparipphuTaM hoti / 31. sA panesA paJcavidhA pIti gabdhaM gaNhantI paripAkaM gacchantI duvidhaM passaddhiM paripUreti -- kAyapassaddhiM ca, cittapassaddhiM ca / passaddhiM gabdhaM gaNhantI paripAkaM gacchantI duvidhaM pi sukhaM paripUreti - kAyikaM ca, cetasikaM ca / sukhaM gabdhaM gaNhataM paripAkaM gacchantaM tividhaM samAdhiM paripUreti - khaNikasamAdhiM, upacArasamAdhiM, appanAsamAdhiM ti / tAsu yA appanAsamAdhissa mUlaM hutvA vaDDamAnA samAdhisampayogaM gatA pharaNApIti, ayaM imasmi atthe adhippetA pItI ti / 32. itaraM pana sukhanaM sukhaM, suTTu vA khAdati khaNati ca kAyacittAbAdhaM ti sukhaM / taM jo vihAra meM jAkara isa prakAra caitya ke A~gana meM ghUma-phira rahe haiM, aisI madhura dharmakathA suna pA rahe haiM" - aisA socate hue muktArAzi ke samAna, cA~danI meM dhavala caitya ko dekhate-dekhate hI use udvegA prIti utpanna huI / vaha ur3akara AkAza meM pahu~cI aura mAtA-pitA se pahale hI, AkAza mArga se jAkara caitya ke A~gana meM utara kara caitya kI vandanA kara, dharmazravaNa karatI huI khar3I ho gyii| taba mAtA-pitA ne vahA~ Ane para usase pUchA - "putri ! tuma kisa rAste se AyI ho?" usane . kahA- "AkAza se AyI hU~, rAste se nhiiN|" "putri ! AkAza se to kSINAsrava sAdhaka hI A sakate haiM, tuma kaise A gayI?" aisA pUche jAne para usane kahA- "maiM jaba cA~danI meM caitya ko dekhatI huI khar3I thI, taba mujhe buddha - Alambana meM sabala prIti utpanna huii| taba mujhe yaha jJAna nahIM rahA ki maiM khar3I hU~ yA baiThI huuN| grahaNa kiye hue nimitta se hI AkAza meM ur3akara caitya ke A~gana meM A gayI huuN|" ataH udvegA prIti itanI zaktizAlI ho sakatI hai| vaha zarIra ko Upara uThAkara AkAza meM le jA ske| spharaNA prIti - utpanna hone para sampUrNa zarIra meM phaila jAtI hai; jaise camar3e Adi kI thailI phUMka mAra kara bhara dI gayI ho, aura jaise parvata kI kukSi (= talahaTI meM khAlI jagaha) vizAla jalapravAha se bhara gayI ho / 31. yaha pA~ca prakAra kI prIti jaba gaurava - ( Adhikya = garbha) zAlinI hotI hai, paripakva hotI hai, taba dvividha prazrabdhi (zAnti) (1: kAyaprazrabdhi evaM 2 cittaprazrabdhi) ko paripUrNa karatI hai| prazrabdhi gauravazAlinI evaM paripakva hokara dvividha sukha (kAyika aura caitasika) ko paripUrNa karatI hai| sukha bhI atizayatA ko pAkara va paripakva hokara trividha samAdhi-kSaNika samAdhi, upacAra samAdhi, arpaNA samAdhi ko paripUrNa karatA hai| inameM jo arpaNA samAdhi kI mUla banakara bar3hane vAlI, samAdhi ke sAtha samprayukta hokara vistAra pAne vAlI spharaNA prIti hai, yahI isa sandarbha meM abhipreta hai| 32. kintu anya zabdoM meM, sukhI karanA hI sukha hai, athavA kAya-citta ke AbAdha (=kaSTa,

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visuddhimagga sAtalakkhaNaM, sampayuttAnaM upabrUhanarasaM, anuggahapaccupaTThAnaM / sati pi ca nesaM kathaci avippayoge iTThArammaNapaTilAbhatuTThi pIti / paTiladdhassAnubhavanaM sukhaM / yattha pIti, tattha sukhaM / yattha sukhaM, tattha na niyamato pIti / saGghArakkhandhasaGgahitA pIti, vedanAkkhandhasaGgahitaM sukhaM / kantArakhinnassa vanantudakadassanasavanesu viya pIti, vanacchAyApavesanaudakaparibhogesu vi sukhaM / tasmi tasmi samaye pAkaTabhAvato cetaM vuttaM ti veditabbaM / iti ayaM ca pIti idaM ca sukhaM assa jhAnassa, asmi vA jhAne atthI ti idaM jhAnaM pItisukhaM ti vuccati / 33. atha vA pIti ca sukhaM ca pItisukhaM, dhammavinayAdayo viy| vivekajaM pItisukhamassa jhAnassa, asmi vA jhAne atthI ti evaM pi vivekajaM pItisukhaM / yatheva hi jJAnaM, evaM pItisukhaM pettha vivekajameva hoti / te cassa atthi, tasmA ekapadeneva "vivekajaM pItisukhaM" ti pi vRttaM yujjati / vibhaGge pana " idaM sukhaM imAya pItiyA sahagataM" (abhi0 2- 309) ti AdinA nayena vRttaM / attho pana tatthApi evameva daTThabbo / 34. paThamaM jhAnaM ti / idaM parato Avibhavissati / upasampajjA ti| upagantvA, pApuNitvA ti vRttaM hoti / upasampAdayitvA vA, nipphAdetvA ti vuttaM hoti / vibhaGge pana 'upasampajjA ti paThamassa jhAnassa lAbho paTilAbho patti sampatti phusanA sacchikiriyA upasampadA" (abhi0 2 - 302 ) ti vRttaM / tassA pi evameva attho daTThabbo / 200 ". viharatIti / tadanurUpena iriyApathavihArena itivRttappakArajhAnasamaGgI hutvA attaduHkha) ko acchI taraha khAtA hai yA khanatA hai, isaliye sukha hai| usakA lakSaNa zItala honA hai| samprayuktoM ko bar3hAnA isakA rasa hai / anugraha isakA pratyupasthAna hai| yadyapi kahIM-kahIM ve prIti aura sukha pRthaka nahIM rahate, tathApi iSTa Alambana ke pratilAbha se utpanna santuSTi prIti hai, pratilabdha ( prApta) kA anubhava sukha hai| jahA~ prIti hai, vahA~ sukha hai; kintu jahA~ sukha hai, vahA~ prIti kA honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| prIti saMskAraskandha meM saMgRhIta hai; aura sukha vedanAskandha meM / kAntAra ( = gahana vana) meM vyAkula pathika dvArA vana meM jala ko dekhane yA usake viSaya meM sunane ke samAna prIti hai, aura sukha hai vana meM chAyA ke sevana aura jala ke upabhoga ke smaan| una-una samayoM meM unakI spaSTatA hone ke kAraNa yaha kahA gayA hai - aisA samajhanA cAhiye / isa prakAra isa dhyAna kI yaha prIti hai, yaha sukha hai, athavA dhyAna meM yaha hai, ataH isa dhyAna ko prIti-sukha vAlA kahA jAtA hai| 33. athavA, dharmavinaya Adi ke samAna samasta pada samajhiye prIti aura sukha = prItisukha / isa prakAra paraspara svatantra padoM ke rUpa meM viveka se utpanna prItisukha isa dhyAna kA hai, yA isa dhyAna meM hai, isaliye bhI prItisukhavivekaja hai| jisa prakAra dhyAna hai, usI prakAra prItisukha bhI yahA~ prastuta prasaGga meM vivekaja hI hotA hai| aura vaha vivekaja prItisukha isa dhyAna kA hai, isaliye eka pada ke dvArA hI 'vivekaja prItisukha' isa prakAra bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| vibhaGga meM jo "isa sukha va isa prIti ke sAtha' Adi prakAra se kahA gayA hai, vahA~ bhI usakA artha isI prakAra samajhanA cAhiye / 34. prathama dhyAna- isakA spaSTIkaraNa Age ( dra0 - pR0 206, 44 pai0 ) kiyA jAyagA / 'upasampajja'- (upasampanna hokara ) pAsa jAkara prApta kara / athavA sampAdita kara, niSpAdita kara / vibhanna meM kahA gayA hai- "upasampadya kA artha hai prathama dhyAna kA lAbha, prApti, sparza, sAkSAtkAra va upasampadA" (abhi0 2 302 ) / usakA bhI yahI artha samajhanA cAhiye / viharati (vihAra karatA hai) - usake anurUpa IryApatha meM vihAra dvArA ukta prakAra ke dhyAna se yukta hokara, apanI khar3e hone baiThane Adi kI kriyA (= IryA) vRtti, pAlana, yapana (una-una IryyApathoM

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 201 bhAvassa iriyaM vRttiM pAlanaM yapanaM yApanaM cAraM vihAraM abhinipphAdeti / vRttaM taM vibhaGge" viharatI ti iriyati vattati pAleti yapeti yApeti carati viharati, tena vuccati viharatI" ( abhi02 - 303 ) ti / paJcaGgavippahInAdInamattho 35. yaM pana vuttaM "paJcaGgavippahInaM paJcaGgasamannAgataM ti / tattha 1. kAmacchando, 2. byApAdo, 3. thInamiddhaM 4. uddhaccakukkuccaM, 5. vicikicchA ti imesaM paJcannaM nIvaraNAnaM pahAnavasena paJcaGgavippahInatA veditabbA / na hi etesu appahInesu jhAnaM uppajjati / tenassetAni pahAnaGgAnI ti vuccanti / kiJcApi hi jJAnakkhaNe aJje pi akusalA dhammA pahIyanti, tathApi etAneva visesena jhAnantarAyakarAni / kAmacchandena hi nAnAvisayappalobhitaM cittaM na ekattArammaNe samAdhiyati / kAmacchandAbhibhUtaM vA taM na kAmadhAtuppahAnAya paTipadaM paTipajjati / byApAdena cArammaNe paTihaJjamAnaM na nirantaraM pavattati / thInamiddhAbhibhUtaM akammaJcaM hoti / uddhaccakukkuccaparetaM avUpasantameva hutvA paribbhamati / vicikicchAya upahataM jhAnAdhigamasAdhikaM paTipadaM nArohati / iti visesena jhAnantarAyakarattA etAneva pahAnaGgAnI ti vuttAnI ti / 36. yasmA pana vitakko ArammaNe cittaM abhiniropeti, vicAro anuppabandhati, tehi avikkhepAya sampAditapayogassa cetaso payogasampattisambhavA pIti pINanaM, sukhaM ca upabrUhanaM karoti / atha naM sasesasampayuttadhammaM etehi abhiniropanAnuppabandhapINanaupabrUhanehi ke anusAra rahanA), yApana, caryA vihAra kA niSpAdana karatA hai| vibhaGga meM kahA gayA hai-"vihAra karatA hai arthAt kriyA karatA hai, vartatA hai, pAlana karatA hai, yapana karatA hai, yApana karatA hai, caryA karatA hai, vihAra karatA hai - isaliye kahate haiM ki vihAra karatA hai" (abhi0 2,302 ) 'paJcAGgaviprahINa' Adi zabdoM kA artha 35. jo pIche (pR0 192 meM) kahA hai ki paJcavippahInaM paJcaGgasamannAgataM (pA~ca aGga rahita, pA~ca aGgoM se yukta) - unameM 1. kAmacchanda, 2. vyApAda, 3. styAnamRddha, 4. auddhatya - kaukRtya, 5. vicikitsA-ina pA~ca nIvaraNoM ke prahANa ko paJcAGgarahita honA caahiye| inakA prahANa kiye vinA dhyAna utpanna nahIM hotA, isaliye ye 'prahANAGga' kahe jAte haiN| yadyapi dhyAna ke kSaNa meM akuzala dharmoM kA bhI prahANa hotA hai, tathApi ye pUrvokta kAmacchanda Adi hI vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna ke bAdhaka haiN| kAmacchanda ke kAraNa nAnA viSayoM meM lubdha citta eka Alambana meM ekAgra nahIM hotA / athavA kAmacchanda ke vazIbhUta vaha citta. kAmadhAtu ke prahANa karane vAle mArga para nahIM cala paataa| vyApAda dvArA pratAr3ita citta Alambana ke prati nirantara pravRtta nahIM ho pAtA / styAna-mRddha ke vazIbhUta citta akamarNya hotA hai| auddhatya - kaukRtya dvArA grasta citta azAnta hokara bhaTakatA rahatA hai| vicikitsA dvArA upahata citta dhyAna -lAbhakAraka mArga para ArUr3ha nahIM hotaa| yoM, ina sabhI meM vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna kI bAdhakatA hone se inheM hI 'prahANAGga' kahA jAtA hai| 36. kyoMki vitarka Alambana kI ora citta ko pravRtta karatA hai, vicAra Alambana meM citta ko bA~dhatA hai, unake dvArA bAdhA utpanna na ho aisA udyoga karane vAle citta meM udyoga kI saphalatA

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202 visuddhimagga anuggahitA ekaggatA ekattArammaNe samaM sammA ca Adhiyati, tasmA vitako vicAro pIti sukhaM cittekaggatA ti imesaM paJcanaM uppattivasena paJcaGgasamannAgatatA veditbbaa| uppannesu hi etesu paJcasujhAnaM uppannaM nAma hoti| tenassa etAni paJca samannAgataGgAnI ti vuccnti| tasmA na etehi samannAgataM aJadeva jhAnaM nAma atthI ti gahetabbaM / yathA pana aGgamattavaseneva caturaGginI senA, paJcaGgikaM turiyaM, aTThaGgiko ca maggo ti vuccati, evamidaM pi aGgamattavaseneva paJcaGgikaM ti vA paJcaGgasamannAgataM ti vA vuccatI ti veditabbaM / 37. etAni ca paJcaGgAni kiJcApi upacArakkhaNe pi asthi, atha kho upacAre pakaticittato blvtraani| idha pana upacArato pi balavatarAni ruupaavcrlkkhnnppttaani| ettha hi vitako suvisadena AkArena ArammaNe cittaM abhiniropayamAno uppjjti| vicAro ativiya ArammaNaM anumjjmaano| pItisukhaM sabbAvantaM pi kAyaM pharamAnaM / tenevAha"nAssa kiJci sabbAvato kAyassa vivekajena pItisukhena apphuTaM hotI" (dI01-65) ti| cittekaggatA pi heTThimamhi samuggapaTale uparimaM samuggapaTalaM viya ArammaNesu phusitA hutvA uppajjati-ayametesaM itarehi viseso| tattha cittekaggatA kiJcApi savitakaM savicAraM ti imasmi pAThe na niddivA, tathApi vibhaGge-"jhAnaM ti vitako vicAro pIti sukhaM cittassekagagtA" (abhi0 2-309) ti evaM vuttattA anggmev| yena hi adhippAyena bhagavatA uddeso kato, so yeva tena vibhar3e pakAsito ti| (prayoga-sampatti) se utpanna prIti prasanna (prINana) karatI hai evaM sukha vRddhi (upabrUhana) karatA hai| taba zeSa samprayukta dharmoM ke sAtha isa citta ko ina abhinirUpaNa (=lagAnA), anuprabandhana (bA~dhanA) prINana, upabrahaNa dvArA anugRhIta (=sahAyatAprApta) ekAgratA eka Alambana meM, samAna evaM samyak rUpa se TikatI hai| ataH 1. vitarka, 2. vicAra, 3. prIti, 4. sukha aura 5. ekAgratA-ina pA~coM kI utpatti ke kAraNa dhyAna kI paJcAGgayuktatA kahI gayI hai| jaba ye pA~coM utpanna hote haiM, tabhI kahA jAtA hai ki dhyAna utpanna huaa| isaliye ye pA~coM 'samanvAgata (=yukta) aGga kahe jAte haiN| ataH yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhiye ki dhyAna kucha bhinna hai jo inase samanvAgata hotA hai; apitu jisa prakAra caturaGgiNI senA, paJcAGgika tUrya (vAdya), aSTAGgika mArga Adi zabdoM kI taraha kevala aGgoM ke anusAra ise paJcAGgika yA paJcAGgasamanvAgata kahA jAtA hai-aisA jAnanA caahiye| 37. aura ye pA~coM aGga yadyapi upacAra ke kSaNa meM bhI hote haiM aura upacAra meM ve sAdhAraNa citta kI apekSA sabalatara hote haiM; kintu yahA~ prathama dhyAna meM upacAra se bhI sabalatara evaM rUpAvacara ke lakSaNoM ko prApta kiye hue hote haiN| inameM vitarka citta ko Alambana meM vistRta rUpa se lagAtA huA utpanna hotA hai; vicAra Alambana kA atyadhika mArjana karate hue, prIti-sukha zarIra ko vyApta karate hue / isaliye kahA gayA hai-"usa bhikSu ke zarIra kA koI bhI bhAga viveka se utpanna prIti-sukha se avyApta nahIM hotaa|" citta kI ekAgratA bhI sandUka ke nicale bhAga para sandUka ke UparI bhAga Dhakkana ke samAna Alambana ko pUrI taraha sparza karatI huI utpanna hotI hai| anyoM se yaha isakA bheda hai| inameM, yadyapi citta kI ekAgratA kA ullekha 'savitarka savicAra' isa prakAra prArambha hone vAle pATha meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai, tathApi vimaGga meM-"(prathama) dhyAna : vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha, ekAgratA"

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa tividhakalyANaM 203 38. tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM ti / ettha pana AdimajjhapariyosAnavasena tividhakalyANatA / tesaM yeva ca AdimajjhapariyosAnAnaM lakkhaNavasena dasalakkhaNasampannatA veditabbA | tatrAyaM pAli " paThamassa jhAnassa paTipadAvisuddhi Adi, upekkhAnubrUhanA majjhe, sampahaMsanA pariyosAnaM / paThamassa jhAnassa paTipadAvisuddhi Adi, Adissa kati lakkhaNAni ? Adissa tINi lakkhaNAni - yo tassa paripantho tato cittaM visujjhati, visuddhattA cittaM majjhimaM samathanimittaM paTipajjati, paTipannattA tattha cittaM pakkhandati / yaM ca paripanthato cittaM visujjhati, yaM ca visuddhattA cittaM majjhimaM samathanimittaM paTipajjati, yaM ca paTipannattA tattha cittaM pkkhndti| paThamassa jhAnassa paTipadAvisuddhi Adi, Adissa imAni tINi lakkhaNAni / tena vuccati - paThamaM jhAnaM AdikalyANaM ceva hoti tilakkhaNasampannaM ca / "paThamassa jhAnassa upekkhAnubrUhanA majjhe, majjhassa kati lakkhaNAni ? majjhassa tINi lakkhaNAni - visuddhaM cittaM ajjupekkhati, samathapaTipannaM ajjhapekkhati, ekattupaTThAnaM apekkhati / yaM ca visuddhaM cittaM ajjupekkhati, yaM ca samathapaTipannaM ajjhapekkhati, yaM ca ekattupaThThAnaM ajjhapekkhati / paThamassa jhAnassa upekkhAnubrUhanA majjhe, majjhassa imAni tI lakkhaNAni / tena vuccati - paThamaM jhAnaM majjhekalyANaM ceva hoti tilakkhaNasampannaM ca (abhi0 2-309) isa prakAra kathita hone se vaha ekAgratA dhyAna kA aGga hI hai| jisa abhiprAya se bhagavAn ne aisA kahA, usI ko unhoMne vibhaGga meM prakAzita kiyA hai| trividha kalyANa 38. trividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNaM (tIna prakAra se kalyANakara, dasa lakSaNoM se yukta ) - inameM tIna prakAra se kalyANakara honA Arambha, madhya aura anta ke anusAra hai| unhIM Arambha, madhya aura anta ko, lakSaNoM ke anusAra, dasa lakSaNoM se yukta jAnanA caahiye| isa sandarbha meM yaha pAli hai"prathama dhyAna kA Arambha mArga ( = pratipadA) vizuddhi, madhya meM upekSA kI vRddhi evaM prasannatA (=sampraharSaNa) anta hai| prathama dhyAna kA Arambha mArgavizuddhi hai| isa 'Arambha' ke kitane lakSaNa hai? Arambha ke tIna lakSaNa haiM- 1. jo usa (dhyAna) ke bAdhaka haiM, unase citta vizuddha (vimukta) hotA hai, vizuddha hone se citta madhyama (=bIca meM Ane vAle) zamatha - nimitta meM lagatA hai, lagane se citta vahA~ harSa kA anubhava karatA hai; 2 aura bAdhAoM seM citta vizuddha hotA hai, vizuddha hone se citta madhyama zamathanimitta meM lagA rahatA hai aura lagane se usameM citta prasanna hotA hai; 3. prathama dhyAna kA Arambha mArgavizuddhi hai / 'Arambha ke ye tIna lakSaNa haiN| isIliye kahA gayA - 'prathama dhyAna Arambha meM kalyANakara evaM tIna lakSaNoM se yukta hotA hai|' "prathama dhyAna ke madhya meM upekSA kI vRddhi hotI hai| isa 'madhya' ke kitane lakSaNa haiM? madhya ke tIna lakSaNa haiM - 1. bhikSu vizuddha citta kI upekSA karatA hai (kyoMki citta ko vizuddha karane ke prayAsa kI aba AvazyakatA nahIM rahI), zamatha meM lage hue kI upekSA karatA hai, ekAgratA kI upekSA karatA hai / evaM 2 vaha bhikSu vizuddha citta kI upekSA karatA hai, zamatha meM lage hue kI upekSA karatA hai, ekAgra avasthA kI upekSA karatA hai; 3. prathama dhyAna ke madhya meM upekSA kI vRddhi hai| madhya ke ye tIna lakSaNa haiM: isIliye kahA gayA hai- "prathama dhyAna madhya meM kalyANakara evaM tIna lakSaNoM se yukta hotA hai|'

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204 visuddhimagga "paThamassa jhAnassa sampahaMsanA priyosaanN| pariyosAnassa kati lakkhaNAni? pariyosAnassa cattAri lakkhaNAni-tattha jAtAnaM dhammAnaM anativattaTena sampahasanA, indriyAnaM ekarasatuna sampahaMsanA, tadupagaviriyavAhanatuna sampahaMsanA, AsevanaTena sampahaMsanA / paThamassa jhAnassa sampahaMsanA pariyosAnaM, pariyosAnassa imAni cattAri lakkhaNAni / tena vuccatipaThamaM jhAnaM pariyosAnakalyANaM ceva hoti catulakkhaNasampannaM cA" (khu05-196) ti| 39. tatra paTipadAvisuddhi nAma sasambhAriko upcaaro| upekkhAnubUhanA nAma appnaa| sampahaMsanA nAma paccavekkhaNA ti evameke vnnnnynti| yasmA pana "ekattagataM cittaM paTipadAvisuddhipakkhandaM ceva hoti upekkhAnubrUhitaM ca ANena ca sampahaMsitaM" (khu0 5-195) ti pALiyaM vuttaM, tasmA antoappanAyameva Agamanavasena paTipadAvisuddhi, tatramajjhattupekkhAya kiccavasena upekkhAnubrUhanA, dhammAnaM anativattanAdibhAvasAdhanena pariyodApakassa ANassa kiccanipphativasena sampahaMsanA ca veditbbaa| 40. kathaM? yasmi hi vAre appanA uppajjati, tasmi yo nIvaraNasaGkSAto kilesagaNo tassa jhAnassa paripantho, tato cittaM visujjhti| visuddhattA AvaraNavirahitaM hutvA majjhimaM samathanimittaM pttipjjti| majjhimaM samathanimittaM nAma samappavatto appanAsamAdhi yev| tadanantaraM pana purimacittaM ekasantatipariNAmanayena tathattaM upagacchamAnaM majjhimaM samathanimittaM paTipajjati nAma, evaM paTipannattA tathattamupagamanena tattha pakkhandati naam| evaM tAva purimacitte vijjamAnAkAranipphAdiko paThamassa jhAnassa uppAdakkhaNe yeva Agamanavasena paTipadAvisuddhi veditbbaa| 41. evaM visuddhassa pana tassa puna visodhetabbAbhAvato visodhane byApAraM akaronto "prathama dhyAna kA anta (=paryavasAna) prasannatA hai| isa 'anta' ke kitane lakSaNa haiM? anta ke cAra lakSaNa haiM- usa (avasthA) meM (1) utpanna dharmoM kA atireka nahIM huA-isa artha meM (athavA isaliye) prasannatA hotI hai| (2) 'indriyA~ ekarasa haiM'-isa artha meM prasannatA hotI hai| (3) 'upayukta udyoga kA nirvAha huA'-isa artha meM prasannatA hotI hai| isa prakAra prathama dhyAna kA anta prasannatA (sampraharSaNa) hai| evaM (4) Asevana (AvRtti) ke artha meM prasannatA hotI hai| yoM 'anta' ke ye cAra lakSaNa haiN| isIliye kahA gayA hai-prathama dhyAna anta meM kalyANakara evaM cAra lakSaNoM se yukta hotA hai"| 39. unameM paTipadAvisuddhi Adi padoM meM, pratipadA' sambhAra ke sAtha upacAra hai| upekSA kI vRddhi arpaNA hai| kisI kisI kA mata hai ki 'prasannatA pratyavekSaNa hai; kintu kyoMki "ekAgra citta mArgavizuddhi meM prasannatA kA anubhava karatA hai, upekSA meM vRddhi, dharmoM ke anatireka Adi bhAvoM ke nirvAha dvArA parizuddha karane vAle jJAna ke kRtya kI pUrti (=niSpatti) ke rUpa meM prasannatA ko jAnanA caahiye| 40. kaise? jisa vAra (cittasantati) meM arpaNA utpanna hotI hai, usameM jo 'nIvaraNa' nAmaka klezoM kA samUha usa dhyAna kA bAdhaka (virodhI) hotA hai, usase citta nIvaraNarahita hokara vizuddha ho jAtA hai| svayaM arpaNA samAdhi hI 'zamathanimitta' ke nAma se jAnI jAtI hai| tatpazcAt usake pUrvavartI citta ke eka cittasantati meM pariNAma karane kI vidhi ke anusAra usa sthiti taka pahuMcane se kahA jAtA hai ki madhyama zamathanimitta meM lagatA hai evaM yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki vahA~ pahu~cane se prasannatA kA anubhava karatA hai| ataeva isa mArga-vizuddhi ko pUrvavartI citta meM vidyamAna AkAra kI utpatti (=niSpAdana) karane vAlI, prathama dhyAna ke utpAdakSaNa meM hI Ane vAlI ke rUpa meM jAnanA caahiye| . 41. isa prakAra, usa vizuddha hue citta kI zuddhi karane kI aba koI AvazyakatA na raha

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 205 visuddhaM cittaM ajjhupekkhati nAma / samathabhAvUpagamanena samathapaTipannassa puna samAdhAne byApAraM akaronto samathapaTipannaM ajjhapekkhati nAma / samathapaTipannabhAvato eva cassa kilesasaMsaggaM pahA ekattena upaTThitassa puna ekattupaTThAne byApAraM akaronto ekattupaTThAnaM ajjupekkhati naam| evaM tatramajjhattupekkhAya kiccavasena upekkhAnubrUhanA veditabbA / 42. ye panete evaM upekkhAnubrUhite tattha jAtA samAdhipaJAsaGghAtA yuganaddhadhammA aJJama anativattamAnA hutvA pavattA, yAni ca saddhAdIni indriyAni nAnAkilesehi vimuttattA vimuttirasena ekarasAni hutvA pavattAni, yaM cesa tadupagaM tesaM anativattanaekarasabhAvAnaM anucchavikaM vIriyaM vAhayati, yA cassa tasmi khaNe pavattA AsevanA, sabbe pi te AkArA yasmA JANena saGkilesavodAnesu taM taM AdInavaM ca AnisaMsaM ca disvA tathA tathA sampahaMsitattA visodhitattA pariyodApitattA nipphannA va / tasmA "dhammAnaM anativattanAdibhAvasAdhanena pariyodApakassa ANassa kiccanippattivasena sampahaMsanA veditabbA" ti vRttaM / 43. tattha yasmA upekkhAvasena jANaM pAkaTaM hoti / yathAha-"tathApaggahitaM cittaM sAdhukaM ajjhapekkhati, upekkhAvasena paJJavasena paJJindriyaM adhimattaM hoti, upekkhAvasena nAnattakilesehi cittaM vimuccati, vimokkhavasena paJJavasena paJJindriyaM adhimattaM hoti / vimuttattA te dhammA ekarasA honti / ekarasaTThena bhAvanA..... ( khu05-261 ) ti / tasmA JaNakiccabhUtA sampahaMsanA pariyosAnaM ti vRttA / 11 jAne se, zuddhi na karane vAle ke bAre meM kahA jAtA hai ki "vizuddha citta kI upekSA karatA hai / isI prakAra zamatha bhAva kI prApti ho cukane ke kAraNa zamatha meM lage hue ke dvArA punaH ekAgratA kI prApti kA prayAsa na karane se kahA jAtA hai ki "zamatha meM lage hue kI upekSA karatA hai|" zamatha meM lagA huA hone se hI, kleza kA saMsarga chor3akara ekAgra avasthA meM hone se punaH ekAgratA ( = prApti) kA prayAsa na karane ke kAraNa kahA gayA hai ki "ekAgratA kI upekSA karatA hai|" isa prakAra upekSA kI vRddhi ko tatramadhyasthatA (=madhyastha bane rahanA) ke kRtya ke rUpa meM jAnanA caahiye| 42. isa prakAra upekSA kI vRddhi hone para jo vahA~ utpanna hue samAdhi va prajJA nAmaka yuganaddha (eka dUsare se gUMthe hue) dharma eka dUsare kA atireka na karate hue pravRtta hue aura jo zraddhA Adi indriyA~ nAnA klezoM se vimukta hone ke kAraNa vimukti ke rasa se ekarasa hotI huI pravRtta huIM evaM usake anurUpa vIrya kA nirvAha huA jo ki unake 'anatireka' evaM 'ekarasa' bhAvoM=avasthAoM ke anukUla hai evaM jo usa kSaNa meM pravRtta punarAvRtti (Asevana) hai - ve sabhI AkAra, kyoMki jJAna dvArA saMkleza aura vyavadAna meM kramazaH una una doSoM aura guNoM ko dekhate hue vaise vaise prasanna hone se, vizuddha hone se, parizuddha hone se niSpanna (= pUrNa) hI haiM, isaliye kahA gayA hai ki prasannatA ko " dharmoM ke anatireka na karane Adi bhAvoM ke sAdhana se parizuddha karane vAle jJAna ke kRtya kI niSpatti ke rUpa meM jAnanA caahiye|" 43 . kyoMki upekSA ke kAraNa jJAna prakaTa hotA hai, ataH jJAna ke kRtya ke rUpa meM prasannatA dhyAna kA 'anta' kahI gayI hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"usa prakAra pragRhIta (acchI taraha pakar3a kara rakhe gaye, vazIbhUta) citta kI pUrNarUpa se upekSA karatA hai, upekSA aura prajJA ke kAraNa prajJendriya sabala hotI hai, upekSA ke kAraNa nAnA prakAra ke klezoM se citta mukta hotA hai, vimokSa evaM prajJA ke kAraNa prajJendriya sabala hotI hai| vimukti ke kAraNa ve dharma ekarasa hote haiN| ekarasa ke artha meM bhAvanA" yoM, jJAna kI kRtyabhUta sampraharSaNA hI 'anta' (paryavasAna) kahalAtI hai|

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visuddhimagga 44. idAni paThamaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM ti ettha gaNanAnupubbatA paThamaM / paThamaM uppannaM ti pi paThamaM / ArammaNUpanijjhAnato paccanIkajhApanato vA jhAnaM / pathavImaNDalaM pana sakalaTThena pathavIkasiNaM ti vuccati, taM nissAya paTiladdhanimittaM pi, pathavIkasiNanimitte paTiladdhajhAnaM pi / tatra imasmi atthe jhAnaM pathavIkasiNaM ti veditabbaM / taM sandhAya - " paThamaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM" ti / 206 ciraTTitisampAdanaM 45. evamadhigate pana etasmi tena yoginA vAlavedhinA viya sUdena viya ca AkArA pariggatabbA / yathA hi sukusalo dhanuggaho vAlavedhAya kammaM kurumAno yasmi vAre vAlaM vijjhati, tasmi vAre akkantapadAnaM ca dhanudaNDassa ca jiyAya ca sarassa ca AkAraM pariggaNeheyya - " evaM me Thitena evaM dhanudaNDaM evaM jiyaM evaM saraM gahetvA vAlo viddho" ti, so to paTTA tathaiva te AkAre sampAdento avirAdhetvA vAlaM vijjheyya; evameva yoginA pi "imaM nAma me bhojanaM bhuJjitvA erUpaM puggalaM sevamAnena evarUpe senAsane iminA nAma iriyApathena imasmi kAle idaM adhigataM " ti ete bhojanasappAyAdayo AkArA pariggahetabbA / evaM hi so naTThe vA tasmi te AkAre sampAdetvA puna uppAdetuM, appaguNaM vA paguNaM karonto punapnaM appetuM sakkhissati / 46. yathA ca kusalo sUdo bhattAraM parivisanto tassa yaM yaM ruciyA bhuJjati, taM taM 44. aba, paThamaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM ("pRthvIkasiNa ko Alambana banAne vAlA prathama dhyAna prApta hotA hai)- yahA~ gaNanA ke krama (AnupUrvI) meM hone se prathama dhyAna prathama kahA jAtA hai| pahale utpanna hotA hai, isaliye bhI prathama hai| Alambana kA cintana ( = upanijjhAna) karane se yA pratikUla dharmoM ko bhasma (= rAkha= jhApana) kara dene se dhyAna hai| pRthvImaNDala ko hI 'samasta' ke artha meM pRthvIkasiNa ( = kasiNa = kRtsra = samasta ) kahate haiM, usake Azraya se prApta nimitta ko bhI tathA pRthvIkasiNanimitta meM prApta dhyAna ko bhI / isI artha meM - pRthvIkasiNa dhyAna hai - aisA jAnanA caahiye| usI ko lekara kahA gayA hai"pRthvIkasiNa ke rUpa meM prathama dhyAna prApta hotA hai|" cirasthitisampAdana 45. yoM, isa (dhyAna) ke prApta hone para, yogI ko bAlavedhI (bANa se bAla =keza ko khaNDakhaNDa kara dene vAle dhanurdhara) ke samAna aura rasoiye (= pAcaka) ke samAna isakI prApti ke AkAroM (= prakAroM) para bhalIbhA~ti vicAra karanA caahiye| jisa prakAra kisI aticatura dhanurdhara ko cAhiye ki bAla-vedhana karma karate samaya, jisa vAra vaha bAla ko bedhane meM saphala hotA hai, usa vAra apane pairoM kI sthiti, dhanurdaNDa, pratyaJcA, bANa ke AkAra para bhalIbhA~ti vicAra kare - "mere dvArA isa prakAra khar3e rahane para aise dhanurdaNDa, aisI pratyaJcA, aise bANa ko grahaNa karane para yaha bAla bedhA gyaa|" jisase ki usake bAda bhI vaha unhIM AkAroM kA prayoga karate hue bArambAra nizcita rUpa se bAla ko bedha sake; isI prakAra yogI ko bhI "mujhe yaha bhojana karane para, isa prakAra ke pudgala kA sAtha karane para, isa prakAra ke zayanAsana meM, isa IryApatha se, isa kAlavizeSa meM yaha dhyAna prApta huA" - isa prakAra bhojana kI anukUlatA Adi AkAroM para bhalI-bhA~ti vicAra karanA caahiye| aisA hone para, yadi vaha dhyAna naSTa bhI ho jAya, to sAdhaka una AkAroM kA prayoga kara punaH utpanna karane meM, usakA abhyAsa karate samaya punaH punaH prApta karane meM saphala ho sakegA /

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 207 sallakkhetvA tato paTThAya tAdisaM yeva upanAmento lAbhassa bhAgo hoti; evamayaM pi adhigatakkhaNe bhojanAdayo AkAre gahetvA te sampAdento naTThe nadve punappunaM appanAya lAbhI hoti / tasmA tena vAlavedhinA viya sUMdena viya ca AkArA pariggahetabbA / vuttapi cetaM bhagavatA - 'seyyathApi, bhikkhave, paNDito byatto kusalo sUdo rAjAnaM vA rAjamahAmattaM vA nAnaccayehi sUpehi paccupaTThito assa - ambilaggehi pi tittakaggehi pi kaTukaggehi pi madhuragehi pi khArikehi pi akkhArikehi pi loNikehi pi / sa kho so, bhikkhave, paNDito byatto kusalo sUdo sakassa bhattu nimittaM uggahAti -' idaM vA me ajja bhattu sUpeyyaM ruccati, imassa vA abhiharati, imassa vA bahuM gaNhAti, imassa vA vaNNaM bhAsati, ambiggaM vA me ajja bhattu sUpeyyaM ruccati, ambilaggassa vA abhiharati, ambilaggassa vA bahuM gaNhAti, ambilaggassa vA vaNNaM bhAsati pe0 aloNikassa vA vaNNaM bhAsatI' ti / sa kho so bhikkhave, paNDito byatto kusalo sUdo lAbhI ceva hoti acchAdanassa, lAbhI vetanassa, lAbhI abhihArAnaM / taM kissa hetu ? tathA hi so, bhivakhave, paNDito byatto kusalo sUdo sakassa bhattu nimittaM uggahAti / emeva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco paNDito byato kusalo bhikkhu kAye kAyAnupassI viharati .... vedanAsu vedanA .... citte cittA.... dhammesu dhammAnupassI viharati AtApI sampajAno satimA vineyya loke abhijjhAdomanassaM / tassa dhammesu dhammAnupassino viharato cittaM samAdhiyati, upakkilesA pahIyanti / so taM nimittaM uggaNhAti / sa kho so, bhikkhave, paNDito byatto kusalo bhikkhu lAbhI ceva hoti " 46. aura jisa prakAra koI kuzala rasoiyA~ svAmI ko bhojana parosate samaya vaha jo jo ruci se khAtA hai, usa para dhyAna dete hue Age se use vaisA hI bhojana lAkara dene se puraskRta hotA hai; usI prakAra yaha bhI dhyAna prApti ke kSaNa meM bhojana Adi ke prakAra para vicAra kara unakA prayoga karate hue bAra-bAra naSTa hone para bAra bAra arpaNA kA lAbha karatA hai| isaliye use (1) bAlavedhI evaM (2) rasoiye (=sUda) ke samAna AkAra-prakAra kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / bhagavAn ne bhI saMyuktanikAya meM yaha kahA hai " jaise, bhikSuo, koI buddhimAn, anubhavI, catura rasoiyA rAjA yA rAjA ke mahAmantrI ke sAmane nAnA prakAra ke sUpa prastuta karatA hai-jaise khaTTA bhI, tItA bhI, kaDuvA bhI, mIThA bhI, khArA bhI, kSArarahita bhI, namakIna bhI / aura bhikSuo, vaha buddhimAn, anubhavI, catura rasoiyA svAmI ke bhojana kA nimitta yoM grahaNa karatA hai-'mere svAmI ko yaha sUpa acchA laga rahA hai, isI se isake liye hAtha bar3hA rahe haiM, ise bahuta le rahe haiM', yA 'isakI prazaMsA kara rahe haiM', yA 'Aja mere svAmI ko khaTTA sUpa acchA laga rahA hai, ye khaTTe ke liye hAtha bar3hA rahe haiM, khaTTA bahuta le rahe haiM, khaTTe kI prazaMsA kara rahe haiN|' .... pUrvavat .... jo namakIna nahIM hai usakI prazaMsA kara rahe haiN|' bhikSuo, aisA vaha buddhimAn, anubhavI, catura rasoiyA vastra, vetana aura upahAroM ko prApta karatA hai| vaha kisa liye ? kyoMki, bhikSuo, vaha buddhimAn, anubhavI, catura rasoiyA svAmI ke nimitta ko grahaNa karatA hai| isI prakAra, bhikSuo, yahA~ koI koI buddhimAn, anubhavI, catura bhikSu sAdhaka, udyogI, samprajanyayukta evaM smRtimAn, loka meM abhidhyA aura daurmanasya kA damana kara, kAya meM kAyAnupazyI hokara vihAra karatA hai, vedanA meM vedanAnupazyI citta meM.... dharmoM meM...vihAra karatA hai| dharmoM meM dharmAnupazyI hokara vihAra karate samaya usakA citta ekAgra hotA hai, usake upakleza naSTa hote haiN| vaha usa nimitta kA grahaNa karatA hai|

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208 visuddhimagga diTThadhammasukhavihArAnaM, lAbhI stismpjnyss| taM kissa hetu? tathA hi so, bhikkhave, paNDito byatto kusalo bhikkhu sakassa cittassa nimittaM uggaNhAtI" (saM0-4-129) ti| 47. nimittagahaNena cassa puna te Akare sampAdayato appanAmattameva ijjhati, na ciraTThAnaM / ciraTThAnaM pana samAdhiparipanthAnaM dhammAnaM suvisodhitattA hoti| yo hi bhikkhu kAmAdInavapaccavekkhaNAdIhi kAmacchandaM na suTU vikkhambhetvA, kAyapassaddhivasena kAyaduTTallaM na suppaTipassaddhaM katvA, ArambhadhAtumanasikArAdivasena thInamiddhaM na suTTa paTivinodetvA, samathanimittamanasikArAdivasena uddhaccakukkucvaM na susamUhataM katvA, ao pi samAdhiparipanthe dhamme na suTTa visodhetvA jhAnaM samApajjati, so avisodhitaM AsayaM paviTThabhamaro viya avisuddhaM uyyAnaM paviTTharAjA viya ca khippameva nikkhmti| yo pana samAdhiparipanthe dhamme suTTa visodhetvA jhAnaM samApajjati, so suvisodhitaM AsayaM paviTThabhamaro viya suparisuddhaM uyyAnaM paviTTharAjA viya ca sakalaM pi divasabhAgaM antosamApattiyaM yeva hoti| 48. tenAhu porANA "kAmesu chandaM paTighaM vinodaye, uddhaccamiddhaM vicikicchapaJcamaM / vivekapAmujjakarena cetasA rAjA va suddhantagato tahiM rame" ti|| tasmA ciradvitikAmena paribandhakadhamme visodhetvA jhAnaM samApajjitabbaM / bhikSuo, vaha buddhimAn, anubhavI, catura bhikSu isI janma meM sukhapUrvaka vihAra evaM smRtisamprajanya kA lAbha karatA hai| vaha kisaliye? kyoMki, bhikSuo, vaha buddhimAn, anubhavI, catura bhikSu svakIya citta ke nimitta kA grahaNa karatA hai| 47. nimitta kA grahaNa karate hue una prakAroM kA prayoga karate hue kevala arpaNA hI siddha hotI hai, dhyAna kI cirasthiti (=dera taka bane rahanA) nhiiN|' cirasthiti to dhyAna ke bAdhaka dharmoM kA samyaktayA vizodhana karane se hI hotI hai| jo bhikSu kAma-doSoM ke pratyavekSaNa Adi dvArA kAmacchanda ko vinA bhalI prakAra naSTa kiye, kAyaprabdhi ke dvArA kAyA ke dauSThulya (=vikSobha) ko vinA bhalIbhAMti zAnta kiye, ArambhadhAtu ke manaskAra Adi dvArA styAna-mRddha ko vinA bhalIbhA~ti dUra kiye zamatha nimitta ke manaskAra dvArA auddhatya-kaukRtya ko vinA pUrNataH naSTa kiye, dhyAna ke bAdhaka anya dharmoM ko bhI vinA bhalIbhA~ti dUra kiye dhyAna prApta karatA hai, vaha avizuddha (jisake bhItara koI rukAvaTa ho) bila meM praviSTa madhumakkhI ke samAna aura avizuddha udyAna meM praviSTa rAjA ke samAna zIghra hI dhyAna kI avasthA se bAhara A jAtA hai| kintu jo dhyAna ke bAdhaka dharmoM kA bhalIbhA~ti vizodhana kara dhyAna prApta karatA hai, vaha suvizuddha bila meM ghusI madhumakkhI ke samAna pUre dina bhI dhyAna kI samApatti (lAbha) meM hI rahatA hai| 48. isIliye prAcIna vidvAnoM ne kahA hai "kAmoM meM chanda, pratigha, auddhatya, mRddha evaM pA~cavIM vicikitsA ko dUra kare, tathA vivekI evaM prIti (-pramoda) se yukta citta se yukta hokara, anta taka svaccha kiye gaye udyAna meM gaye hue rAjA ke samAna vahIM ramatA rhe|" ataH (dhyAna kI) cira sthiti kI kAmanA se, bAdhaka dharmoM kA vizodhana kara dhyAna prApta

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 209 cittabhAvanAvepullatthaM ca yathAladdhaM paTibhAganimittaM vaDDetabbaM / tassa dve vaDDhanAbhUmiyo - upacAraM, vA, appanaM vaa| upacAraM patvA pi hi taM vaDDhetuM vaTTati, appanaM patvA pi / ekasmi pana ThAne avassaM vaDDhetabbaM / tena vuttaM - " yathAladdhaM paTibhAganimittaM vaDDhetabbaM" ti / nimittavaDUnanayo 49. tatrAyaM vaDhananayo - tena yoginA taM nimittaM pattavana-pUvavaDUna-bhattavaDunalatAvaDUna- dussavaDhanayogena avetvA yathA nAma kassako kasitabbaTThAnaM naGgalena paricchinditvA paricchedabbhantare sati, yathA vA pana bhikkhU sImaM bandhantA paThamaM nimittAni sallavakhetvA pacchA bandhanti; evameva tassa yathAladdhassa nimittassa anukka mena ekaGguladvaGgulativaGgulacaturaGgulamattaM manasA paricchinditvA yathAparicchedaM vaDDetabbaM / aparicchinditvA pana na vaDDhetabbaM / tato vidatthi-ratana- pamukha - pariveNa - vihArasImAnaM gAmanigama - janapada - rajja - samuddasImAnaM ca paricchedavasena vaDDayantena cakkabALaparicchedena vA tato vApi uttari paricchinditvA vaDvetabbaM / 50. yathA hi haMsapotakA pakkhAnaM uTThitakAlato paTThAya parittaM parittaM padesaM uppatantA paricayaM katvA anukkamena candimasUriyasantikaM gacchanti; evameva bhikkhu vuttanayena nimittaM paricchinditvA vaDDhento yAva cakkavALaparicchedA tato vA uttari vaDDheti / athassa taM nimittaM vaDitavaDitaTThAne pathaviyA ukkUla - vikUla - nadI - vidugga- pabbatavisamesu saGkusatasamabbhAhataM usabhacammaM viya hoti / karanA cAhiye / evaM bhAvanA (=samAdhi bhAvanA) kI paripUrNatA ke liye, jaisA pratibhAganimitta usane prApta kiyA hai, use bar3hAnA cAhiye / yahA~ isa vRddhi ke liye do upAya haiM- 1. upacAra evaM 2. arpaNA / upacAra prApta karane para use bar3hAnA cAhiye, arpaNA prApta karane para bhI use bar3hAnA caahiye| kintu kisI eka meM to avazya bar3hAnA cAhiye, isIliye kahA hai-" jaisA pratibhAganimitta prApta huA hai, use bar3hAnA caahiye|" nimitta ko bar3hAne kI vidhi 49. usa nimitta ke vardhana (= bar3hAne kI vidhi isa prakAra hai usa bhikSu ko vaha nimitta usa prakAra nahIM bar3hAnA cAhiye jaise pAtra, pUA, bhAta, latA, vastra Adi ko bar3hAyA jAtA hai, apitu jaise kRSaka jotane yogya sthAna ko hala se gherakara (= sImA banAkara usI sImA ke bhItara jotatA hai; athavA jaise bhikSu sImAnirdhAraNa karate hue pahale nimittoM kA vicAra kara bAda meM use bA~dhatA hai; usI prakAra use yathAprApta nimitta ko kramazaH eka aGgula, do aGgula, tIna aGgula, cAra akula mAtra mana dvArA parisImita kara, usa sImA ke anusAra bar3hAnA cAhiye; vinA parisImita kiye nhiiN| tatpazcAt eka bAlizta, eka hAtha, eka galiyArA, eka parive (= bhavana), eka vihAra kI sImA, eka grAma-nigama-janapada-rAjya yA samudra sImA taka parisImita kara yA samasta brahmANDa (=cakravAla) baiMka parisImita kara yA usase bhI Age parisImita kara bar3hAnA cAhiye / 50. jisa prakAra haMsoM ke baccoM ko jaba pa nikalate haiM, to thor3I thor3I dUra taka ur3ane kA abhyAsa kara kramaza: ve candra-sUrya ke pAsa taka cale jAne kI zakti pA jAte haiM; isI prakAra bhikSu yathAvidhi nimitta ko parisImita kara bar3hAte hue samasta brahmANDa kI sImA taka yA usase bhI Age bar3hAtA hai| taba usakA vaha nimitta jisa bhI sthAna meM bar3hAyA gayA hai, usameM vaha pRthvI ke U~ce-nIce

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vizuddhimagga 51. tasmi pana nimitte pattapaThamajjhAnena Adikammikena samApajjanabahulena bhavitabbaM, na paccavekkhaNabahulena / paccavekkhaNabahulassa hi jhAnaGgAni thUlAni dubbalAni hutvA upaTTahanti athassa tAni evaM upaTThitattA upari ussakkanAya paccayataM Apajjanti / so appaguNe jhAne ussukkamAno pattapaThamajjhAnA ca parihAyati, na ca sakkoti dutiyaM pApuNituM / tenAha bhagavA 210 "seyyathApi, bhikkhave, gAvI pabbateyyA bAlA abyattA akhettajU akusalA visame pabbate carituM / tassA evamassa yaM nUnAhaM agatapubbaM ceya disaM gaccheyyaM, akhAditapubbAni ca tiNAni khAdeyyaM, apItapubbAni ca pAnIyAni pibeyyaM ti / sA purimaM pAdaM na suppatiTThitaM patiTThApetvA pacchimaM pAdaM uddhareyya, sA na ceva agatapubbaM disaM gaccheyya, na ca akhAditapubbAni tiNAni khAdeyya, na ca apItapubbAni pAnIyAni pibeyya / yasmi cassA padese ThitAya evamassA yaM nUnAhaM agatapubbaM ceva....pe0.... pibeyyaM ti / taM ca padesaM na sotthinA paccAgaccheyya / taM kissa hetu ? tathA hi sA, bhikkhave, gAvI pabbateyyA bAlA abyattA akhettaJjU akusalA visame pabbate carituM / evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu bAlo abyatto akhetta akusalo vivicceva kAmehi.... pe0.... paThanaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharituM / so taM nimittaM nAsevati, na bhAveti, na bahulIkaroti, na svAdhiTThitaM adhiTThAti / tassa evaM hoti yaM nUnAhaM vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamA . .....pe..... dutiyaM jhAnaM upasampajja vihareyyaM ti / sona sakkoti sthAna, nadI, durgama sthala, viSama parvatoM para sau kIleM gAr3akara phailAye gaye baila ke camar3e ke samAna hotA hai / 51. usa nimitta meM prathama dhyAna prApta karane vAle prArambhika yogI ko adhika samaya taka dhyAna kI sthiti meM rahanA caahiye| adhikatara pratyavekSaNa nahIM karanA caahiye| jo adhika pratyavekSaNa karatA hai, usake dhyAnAGga sthUla aura durbala rUpa meM upasthita hote haiN| ve isa prakAra upasthita hone para, Age ke viSaya meM utsukatA ke kAraNa bana jAte / vaha bhikSu alpaguNa, aparicita yA uccastarIya dhyAna ke viSaya meM utsuka hone para prApta prathama dhyAna se bhI hAtha dho baiThatA hai aura dvitIya dhyAna to prApta hI nahIM kara pAtA ! isaliye bhagavAn ne kahA hai-" jaise, bhikSuo, koI pahAr3I, mUrkha, anubhavahIna, carane ke sthAna ko na jAnane vAlI akuzala gAya U~cI nIcI pahAr3I bhUmi para carane meM nipuNa na ho, vaha aisA vicAra kare- 'kyoM na maiM pahale na gaye sthAna para jAU~, pahale na khAyI ghAsa khAU~, pahale na piyA jala piU~' aura agale paira ko acchI taraha se TikAye vinA pichalA paira uThA le taba vaha na agata sthAna para hI jA pAyagI, na pahale abhukta ghAsa khA pAyagI, na pahale na pIyA jala hI pI paaygii| itanA hI nahIM, vaha usa sthAna para surakSita nahIM lauTa sakegI jahA~ khar3I hokara usane socA thA ki 'kyoM na maiM na gaye hue ... pUrvavat piU~; kyoMki, bhikSuo, vaha pahAr3I, mUrkha, anubhavahIna, carane kI jagaha ko na jAnane vAlI gAya asamatala pahAr3a para carane meM nipuNa nahIM hai| isI prakAra, bhikSuo, yahA~ koI koI mUrkha, anubhavahIna, kSetra ko na jAnane vAlA bhikSu kAmoM se rahita hokara prathama dhyAna ko prAptakara vihAra karane meM nipuNa nahIM hotaa| vaha usa nimitta kA na sevana karatA hai, na bhAvanA karatA hai, na vRddhi karatA hai, na use bhalIbhA~ti pratiSThita karatA hai| vaha aisA socatA hai- 'kyoM na maiM vitarka-vicAra kA upazamana kara .... dvitIya dhyAna prApta kara vihAra kruuN|' vaha vitarka-vicAroM kA upazama hone para dvitIya dhyAna ko prApta kara vihAra karane meM samartha nahIM hotaa| taba vaha socatA hai-'kyoM na maiM kAmoM se rahita

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 211 vitakavicArAnaM vUpasamA ....pe0....dutiyaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharituM / tassevaM hoti yaM nUnAha vivicceva kAmehi ....pe0....paThamaM jhAnaM upasampajja vihrituN| ayaM vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ubhato bhaTTho, ubhato parihIno, seyyathApi gAvI pabbateyyA bAlA abyattA akhettajU akusalA visame pabbate carituM"(aM04-57)ti / tasmAnena tasmi yeva tAva paThamajhAne paJcahAkArehi ciNNavasinA bhavitabbaM / paJcavasIkathA 52. tatrimA paJca vasiyo-1.AvajanavasI, 2. samApajjanavasI, 3. adhidAnabasI, 4. vuTThAnavasI, 5. paccavekSaNavasI ti| paThamaM jhAnaM yatthicchakaM yadicchakaM yAvadicchaka Avajeti, AvajanAya dandhAyitattaM natthI ti aavjjnvsii| paThamaM jhAnaM yatthicchakaM .....pe0....samApajjati, samApajjanAya dandhAyitattaM natthI ti smaapjnvsii| evaM sesApi vitthaaretbbaa| ayaM panettha atthappakAsanA (1) paumajjhAnato vuTThAya paThamaM vitakaM Avajayato bhavaGga upacchiA datvA uppanAvajjanAnantaraM vitakArammaNAneva cattAri paJca vA javanti, tato dve bhavaGgAni, tato puna vicArArammaNaM AvajanaM, vuttanayAneva javanAnI ti evaM paJcasu jhAnaGgesu yadA nirantaraM cittaM pesetuM sakkoti, athassa AvajanavasI siddhA hoti / ayaM pana matthakappattA vasI bhagavato yamakapATihAriye labbhati, ajesaM vA evarUpe kaale| ito paraM sIghatarA AvajanavasI nAma natthi / hokara... prathama dhyAna prApta kara vihAra kruuN|" kintu aba vaha kAmoM se rahita hokara prathama dhyAna prApta kara vihAra karane meM bhI samartha nahI hotA / bhikSuo, isI bhikSu ke liye kahA jAtA hai ki vaha donoM ora se bhraSTa ho gayA, donoM ora se hIna ho gayA; jaise ki vaha pahAr3I, mUrkha, anubhavahIna, carane kA sthAna na jAnane vAlI gAya U~ce-nIce pahADa para carane meM nipuNa nahIM hotI" (aN0ni04.57)| isaliye usa bhikSu ko sarvaprathama usI prathama dhyAna meM pA~ca prakAra kI dazitAe~ ( yathAruci pravRtti kI kSamatA) prApta karanI caahiye|| pA~ca vazitAe~ 52. ve pA~ca vazitAe~ ye haiM- 1. AvarjanavazitA, (=dhyAna denA, mana ko viSayonmukha karanA)-2. (dhyAna) prAptivazitA, 3, adhiSThAnavazitA, 4. utthAnavazitA, 5. pratyavekSaNavazitA / jo prathama dhyAna kI ora jahA~ cAhe, jaba cAhe, jaba taka cAhe taba taka Avarjana karatA hai vaha AvarjanavazI hai| jo prathama dhyAna ko jahA~ cAhe....prApta karatA hai, prApta karane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hotI vaha Avarjana ko samyaktayA prApta karane meM vazI hai| isI prakAra zeSa kI bhI vyAkhyA kara lenI caahiye| yahA~ isa artha (vyAkhyA) kA spaSTIkaraNa isa prakAra hai- (1) jaba vaha prathama dhyAna se uThatA hai aura sarvaprathama vitarka kI ora Avarjana karatA hai, taba bhavAGga kA upaccheda karate hue utpanna hone vAle Avarjana ke pazcAt vitarka ko hI Alambana banAkara cAra yA pA~ca javanacitta javana karate haiN| tatpazcAt do bhavAGga, tatpazcAt vicAra ko Alambana banAne vAlA Avarjana, uparyukta prakAra se javanaisa prakAra pA~ca dhyAnAGgoM meM jaba vaha bhikSu citta ko nirantara preSita karane meM samartha hotA hai, taba vaha AvarjanavazitA meM siddha ho gayA hotA hai| kintu yaha vazitA apane carama rUpa meM bhagavAn ke

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212 visuddhimagga (2)Ayasmato pana mahAmoggallAnassa nandopanandanAgarAjadamane viya sIghaM samApajanasamatthatA samApajanavasI naam| (3) accharAmattaM vA dasaccharAmattaM vA khaNaM ThapetuM samatthatA adhiTThAnavasI nAma / (4) tathaiva lahuM vuTThAtuM samatthatA vuDhAnavasI naam| tadubhayadassanatthaM buddharakkhitattherassa vatthu kathetuM vttttti|| so hAyasmA upasampadAya aTThavassiko hutvA therambatthale mahArohaNaguNattherassa gilAnupaTTAnaM AgatAnaM tiMsamattAnaM iddhimantasahassAna majjhe nisinno, "therassa yAgu paTiggAhayamAnaM upaTThAkanAgarAjAnaM gahessAmI" ti AkAsato pakkhandantaM supaNNarAjAnaM disvA tAvadeva pabbataM nimminitvA nAgarAjAnaM bAhAyaM gahetvA tattha paavisi| supaNNarAjA pabbate pahAraM datvA plaayi| mahAthero Aha-"sace, Avuso, buddharakkhito nAbhavissa, sabbe va gAravhA assAmA" ti| (5) paccavekhaNavasI pana AvajanavasiyA eva vuttaa| paccavekkhaNajavanAneva hi tattha AvajanAnantarAnI ti|| dutiyajjhAnakathA 53. imAsu pana paJcasu vasIsu ciNNavasinA paguNapaThamajjhAnato vuTThAya "ayaM samApatti AsannanIvaraNapaccatthikA, vitakavicArAnaM oLArikattA aGgadubbalA" ti ca tattha dosaM disvA dutiyaM jhAnaM santato manasikatvA paThamajjhAne nikintiM pariyAdAya dutiyAdhigamAya yogo kaatbbo| yamakaprAtihArya (dra0 paTisambhidAmagga, 1.60) meM hI pAyI jAtI hai yA anyoM ke tadrUpa samaya meM / usase zIghratara anya koI AvarjanavazitA nahIM hai| (2) AyuSmAn mahAmoggalAna dvArA nanda, upananda nAgarAja ke damana ke samAna zIghra prApti kI kSamatA prAvizitA (samApAdanavazitA) hai| (3) eka cuTakI (akSarA) yA dasa cuTakI bajAne meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, utane samaya taka dhyAna ko roke rahane kI kSamatA hI adhiSThAnavazitA hai| (4) vaise hI (dhyAna se) zIghra uThane kI kSamatA utthAnavazitA hai| ina antima donoM ke udAharaNa ke rUpa meM buddharakSita sthavira kI kathA kahanI caahiye| ve AyuSmAn jaba upasampadA-prApti ke bAda, ATha varSa bItane para, sthavirAmasthala meM mahArohaNaguNa sthavira kI paricaryA karane ke liye Aye hue tIsa hajAra RddhimAnoM ke bIca meM baiThe hue the "sthavira ko jaba yavAgu degA taba isa sevaka nAgarAja ko pakaDUMgA"-aisA (socakara) AkAza se jhapaTate hue garur3arAja ko dekhane para sthavira usI samaya eka parvata Rddhibala se nirmita kara nAgarAja ko bA~hoM se pakar3akara usa parvata meM praveza kara gye| garur3arAja parvata para prahAra kara bhAga gyaa| mahAsthavira ne kahA-"AyuSman! yadi isa samaya buddharakSita yahA~ na hote, to Aja hama sabako lajjita honA pdd'taa|" (5) pratyavekSaNavazitA kA varNana AvarjanavazitA ke samAna hI kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki Avarjana ke anantara hI pratyavekSaNa-javana hote haiN|| dvitIya dhyAna 53. ita pA~ca vazitAoM meM nipuNatAprApta bhikSu ko usa abhyasta prathama dhyAna se uThakara "yaha samApatti (=dhyAna kI prApti) pratipakSabhUta nIvaraNoM kI samIpavartI hai, vitarka-vicAroM kI sthUlatA ke

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 213 athassa yadA paThamajjhAnA vuTThAya satassa sampajAnassa jhAnaGgAni paccavekkhato vitakkavicArA oLArikato upaTTahanti, pItisukhaM ceva cittekaggatA ca santato upaTThAti, tadAssa oLArikaGgappahAnAya santaGgapaTilAbhAya ca tadeva nimittaM "pathavI pathavI" ti punappunaM manasi - karoto'' idAni dutiyajjhAnaM uppajjissatI " ti bhavaGgaM upacchinditvA tadeva pathavIkasiNaM ArammaNaM katvA manodvArAvajjanaM upajjati tato tasmi yevArammaNe cattAri paJca vA javanAni javanti, yesaM avasAne ekaM rUpAvacaraM dutiyajjhAnikaM / sesAni vRttappakArAneva kAmAvacarAnIti / etAvatA cesa " vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamA ajjhattaM sampasAdanaM cetaso ekodibhAvaM avitakkaM avicAraM samAdhijaM pItisukhaM dutiyaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharati / ( dI 0 1 - 65 ) evamanena duvaGgavippahInaM tivaGgasamannAgataM tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM dutiyaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM / 53. tattha vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamA ti / vitakkassa ca vicArassa cA ti imesaM dvinnaM vUpasamA samatikkamA, dutiyajjJAnakkhaNe apAtubhAvA ti vRttaM hoti / tattha kiJcApi dutiyajjJAne sabbe pi paThamajjhAnadhammA na santi / aJje yeva hi paThamajjhAne phassAdayo, aJJa idha / oLArikassa pana aGgassa samatikkamA paThamajjhAnato paresaM dutiyajjhAnAdInaM adhigamo hotI ti dIpanatthaM "vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamA" ti evaM vRttaM ti veditabbaM / kAraNa durbala aGgoM vAlI hai" isa prakAra usameM doSa dekhate hue, dvitIya dhyAna ko zAntipUrvaka mana meM lAte hue prathama dhyAna kI kAmanA (apekSA) tyAgakara dvitIya dhyAna kI prApti ke liye udyoga karanA cAhiye / jaba prathama dhyAna se Upara uThakara, nirantara sAvadhAna rahane vAlA yaha bhikSu dhyAnAnoM kA pratyavekSaNa karatA hai, taba usake vitarka-vicAra sthUla rUpa meM upasthita hote haiM, prIti-sukha aura citta kI ekAgratA zAnta rUpa meM (yA nirantara) upasthita rahate haiM / sthUla aGgoM ke prahANa ke liye aura zAnta rUpa meM upasthita aGgoM ke lAbha ke liye usI nimitta 'pRthvI, pRthvI' ko punaH mana meM lAte hue " aba dvitIya dhyAna utpanna hogA" isa prakAra bhavAGga kA upaccheda kara, usI pRthvIkasiNa ko Alambana banAkara manodvArAvarjana citta utpanna hotA hai| taba usI Alambana meM cAra yA pA~ca javanacitta javana karate haiM, jinakA antima citta ekarUpavAvacara evaM dvitIya dhyAna kA hotA hai| zeSa kahe gaye prakAra se hI, kAmAvacara hote haiN| itane vyAkhyAna se- "vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamA ajjhataM sampasAdanaM cetaso ekodibhAvaM avitakaM avicAraM samAdhijaM pItisukhaM dutiyaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharati / (dI0 1-65) evamanena duvaGgavippahInaM tivaGgasamannAgataM tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM dutiyaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM " - isa pAlipATha kA vivaraNa sampanna huA / 53. vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamA - vitarka-vicAroM kA zamana ho jAne se / vitarka evaM vicAra ina donoM kA upazamana, samatikramaNa ho jAne se tathA dvitIya dhyAna ke kSaNa meM inake prApta na hone ke kAraNa aisA kahA gayA hai| yadyapi dvitIya dhyAna meM prathama dhyAna ke sabhI dharma nahIM rahate; kyoMki prathama dhyAna meM sparza Adi anya hI dharma hote haiM aura yahA~ dvitIya dhyAna meM anya; kintu sthUla anoM ke samatikramaNa se prathama dhyAna se bhinna dvitIya dhyAna Adi kI prApti hotI hai-ise dikhAne ke liye " vitarka-vicAroM kA zamana ho jAne se" yaha kahA gayA hai-aisA jAnanA cAhiye /

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214 visuddhimagga 54. ajjhataM ti| idha niyakajjhattaM adhippetaM! vibhar3e pana "ajjhattaM paccattaM" ti ettakameva vuttaM / yasmA ca niyakajjhataM adhippetaM, tasmA attani jAtaM, attano santAne nibbattaM ti ayamettha attho| sampasAdanaM ti| sampasAdanaM vuccati sddhaa| sampasAdanayogato zAnaM pi sampasAdanaM / nIlavaNNayogato nIlavatthaM viya / yasmA vA taM jhAnaM sampasAdanasamantrAgatattA vitaka-vicArakkhobhavUpasamanena ca cetaso sampasAdayati, tasmA pi sampasAdanaM ti vuttaM / imasmi ca atthavikappe sampasAdanaM cetaso ti evaM padasambandho veditbbo| purimasmi pana atthavikappe cetaso ti etaM ekodibhAvena saddhiM yojetabbaM / 55. tatrAyaM atthayojanA-eko udetI ti ekodi, vitakkavicArehi anajjhArULahattA aggo seTTho hutvA udetI ti attho / seTTho pi hi loke eko ti vuccti| vitakavicAravirahato vA eko asahAyo hutvA iti pi vatuM vaTTati / atha vA sampayuttadhamme udAyatI ti udi, uTThApetI ti attho / seTThavena eko ca so udi cA ti ekodi, samAdhissetaM adhivacanaM / iti imaM ekodiM bhAveti vaDvetI ti idaM dutiyajjhAnaM ekodibhaavN| so panAyaM ekodi yasmA cetaso, na sattassa, na jIvassa, tasmA etaM cetaso ekodibhAvaM ti vuttaM / 56. nanu cAyaM saddhA paThamajhAne pi atthi, ayaM ca ekodinAmako samAdhi, atha kasmA idameva "sampasAdanaM cetaso ekodibhAvaM cA" ti vuttaM? vuccate-aduM hi paThamajjhAnaM vitakavicArakkhobhena vIcitaraGgasamAkulamiva jalaM na suppasannaM hati, tasmA satiyA pi 54. ajjhattaM- adhyAtma (=aabhyntr)| svayaM kA adhyaatm| kintu vibhaGga me"adhyAtma-pratyAtma" isa prakAra donoM ko eka ke rUpa meM hI kahA gayA hai| kyoki yahA~ svayaM kA adhyAtma abhipreta hai, ataH yahA~ 'sva (citta-) santati meM utpanna'-yahI artha hai| sampasAdanaM (prasannatA)- prasannatA 'zraddhA' ko kahate haiN| prasannatA ke yoga se dhyAna bhI prasannatA rUpa hotA hai, jaise nIle raMga ke yoga se 'nIlA vastra' kahA jAtA hai| athavA, kyoMki yaha dhyAna prasannatAyukta hone ke kAraNa vitarka-vicAra rUpa kSobha kA zamana karane se citta ko prasanna karatA hai, isaliye bhI prasannatArUpa kahA jAtA hai| yaha artha mAnane para "citta kI prasannatA"-aisA pada-sambandha nA caahiye| kintu pahale vAlA artha mAnane para "citta kA" zabda ko ekAnta bhAva ( ekodita bhAva) ke sAtha jor3anA caahiye| 55. yahA~ 'ekodibhAva' zabda kI artha-yojanA isa prakAra hai- (1) akele udita hotA hai| ataH ekodita hai| (2) vitarka-vicAra isa para ArUr3ha nahIM haiM, ataH agra, zreSTha hokara udita hotA haiyaha artha hai| (3) kyoki zreSTha ko hI loka meM 'eka' kahate haiN| (4) yA yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki vitarka-vicAra se rahita, akelA, asahAya hokara udita hotA hai| (5) yA samprayukta dharmoM ko udita karatA hai ataH udaya (= udi) hai, jisakA artha hai-udita karatA hai| (6) zreSTha ke artha meM eka hai aura vaha udita karatA hai ataH "ekodita' hai| yaha samAdhi kA adhivacana (paryAya) hai| (7) kyoMki yaha ekodita kI bhAvanA karatA hai, bar3hAtA hai, ataH yaha dhyAna ekodayabhAva hai| aura (8) kyoMki yaha ekodaya citta kA hai, sattva kA yA jIva kA nahIM, ataH ise citta kA ekodayabhAva kahA gayA hai| 56 kintu yaha zraddhA to prathama dhyAna meM bhI hotI hai aura vahI ekodaya nAmaka samAdhi hai, taba kyoM ise hI "prasannatA aura citta kA ekodaya bhAva" kahA gayA hai? isakA uttara hai-isaliye, kyoMki prathama dhyAna vitarka-vicArajanya kSobha ke kAraNa vIci

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 215 saddhAya "sampasAdanaM" ti na vuttaM / na suppasannattA yeva cettha samAdhi pi na suTTha pAkaTo, tasmA "ekodibhAvaM" ti pi na vuttaM / imasmi pana jhAne vitakavicArapalibodhAbhAvena laddhokAsA balavatI saddhA, balavasaddhAsahAyapaTilAbheneva ca samAdhi pi pAkaTo, tasmA imadeva evaM vuttaM ti veditabbaM / vibhate pana "sampasAdanaM ti yA saddhA saddahanA okappanA abhippsaado| cetaso ekodibhAvaM ti yA cittassa Thiti ....pe0.... sammAsamAdhI" (abhi0 2-310)ti ettakameva vuttaM / evaM vutena pana tena saddhi ayaM atthavaNNanA yathA na virujjhati, ajadatthu saMsandati ceva sameti ca, evaM veditbbaa| 57. avitakaM avicAraM ti / bhAvanAya pahInatA etasmi, etassa vA vitako natthI ti avitakaM / iminA va nayena avicAraM / vibhar3e pi vuttaM-"iti ayaM ca vitako ayaM ca vicAro santA honti samitA, vUpasantA atthaGgatA abbhatthaGgatA appitA vyappitA visositA byantIkatA, tena vuccati avitakaM avicAraM" ti! 58. etthAha-"nanu ca vitakavicArAnaM vUpasamA ti iminA pi ayamattho siddho, atha kasmA puna vuttaM avitakaM avicAraM" ti? vuccate-evametaM; siddho vAyamattho, na panetaM tadatthadIpakaM / nanu avocumha-"oLArikassa pana aGgassa samatikamA paThamajjhAnato paresaM dutiyajjhAnAdInaM samadhigamo hotI ti dassanatthaM 'vitakavicArAnaM vUpasamA' ti evaM vuttaM" ti| 'api ca vitakavicArAnaM vUpasamA idaM sampasAdanaM, na kileskaalussiyss| (uttAla taraGga) aura taraGgo (choTI laharoM) dvArA caJcala (=samAkula) jala ke samAna bhalIbhA~ti prasanna nahIM hotA, ataH (zraddhA ke) rahane para bhI zraddhA ko prasannatA (samprasAdana) nahIM kahA gayA hai| bhalIbhA~ti prasanna na hone se hI yahA~ prathama dhyAna meM samAdhi bhI bhalIbhA~ti prakaTa nahIM ho pAtI, ataH 'ekodaya bhAva' bhI nahIM kahA gyaa| kintu isa dvitIya dhyAna meM vitarka vicArarUpa bAdhAoM kA abhAva hone se, zraddhA ko sabala hone kA avasara milatA hai, sabala zraddhA kI sahAyatA pAkara samAdhi bhI prakaTa hotI hai, ata: isa dvitIya dhyAna ko hI aisA kahA gayA hai-aisA samajhanA caahiye| kintu vibhaGga meM "zraddhA, zraddhA karanA, vizvAsa, prasannatA hI samprasAdana hai| citta kI sthiti pUrvavat samyaksamAdhi hI ekodaya bhAva hai" (zraddhA aura samprasAdana ko) eka hI artha meM kahA gayA hai| isa kathana ke sAtha isa (uparyukta) artha kA virodha nahIM hai, apitu vaha bhI ise milatA hai evaM isake samAna hai--aisA samajhanA caahiye| 57 avitakaM avicAraM (avitrk-avicaar)| bhAvanA kA prahANa ho jAne se isameM yA isakA vitarka nahIM hai, ataH 'avitarka hai| isI prakAra 'avicAra' hai| vibhA meM bhI kahA gayA hai-"kyoMki ye vitarka aura ye vicAra zAnta (nirodhaprApta) zamita, vahIM bhalIbhA~ti zamita, vinaSTa, bhalIbhA~ti vinaSTa, (pravRtti nAmaka santati ke abhAva ke kAraNa) zoSita (zuSka), samApta (antaprApta) ho jAte haiM, ataH 'avitarka-avicAra' kahe jAte haiN|' 58 yahA~ yaha prazna uTha sakatA hai-"vitarka-vicAroM kA zamana ho jAne se"-isa kathana se bhI to yahI (uparyukta) artha siddha hotA hai, phira punaH"avitarka avicAra" kyoM kahA gayA? uttara haibAta Apa kI ThIka hI hai, athavA yaha artha siddha hai, kintu yaha artha ko spaSTa karane vAlA nahIM hai|' kyA hamane pahale nahIM kahA thA-"sthUla aGgoM ke samatikramaNa se prathama dhyAna se bhinna dvitIya dhyAna Adi kI prApti hotI hai, ise samajhAne ke liye 'vitarka-vicAroM ke zamita ho jAne se aisA kahA gayA hai|"

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216 visuddhimagga vitakavicArAnaM ca vUpasamA ekodibhAvaM, na upacArajjhAnamiva nIvaraNappahAnA, paThamajjhAnamiva ca na aGgapAtubhAvA ti evaM sampasAdanaekodibhAvAnaM hetuparidIpakamidaM vcnN| tathA vitakavicArAnaM vUpasamA idaM avitakaM avicAraM, na tatiyacatutthajjhAnAni viya cakkhuviANAdIni viya ca abhAvA ti evaM avitakaavicArabhAvassa hetuparidIpakaM ca, na vitakavicArAbhAvamattaparidIpakaM / vitakavicArAbhAvamattaparidIpakameva pana "avitakaM avicAraM" ti idaM vacanaM / tasmA purimaM vatvA pi vattabbamevA ti| 59. samAdhijaM ti| paThamajjhAnasamAdhito sampayuttasamAdhito vA jAtaM ti attho| tattha kiJcApi paThamaM pi sampayuttasamAdhito jAtaM, atha kho ayameva samAdhi "samAdhI" ti vattabbataM arahati, vitakavicArakkhobhavirahena ativiya acalattA, suppasannattA ca / tasmA imassa vaNNabhaNanatthaM idameva "samAdhijaM" ti vuttaM / pItisukhaM ti| idaM vuttnymev| 60. dutiyaM ti| gaNanAnupubbatA dutiyaM / idaM dutiyaM samApajjatI ti pi dutiyaM / yaM pana vuttaM-"duvaGgavippahInaM tivaGgasamannAgataM" ti| tattha vitakavicArAnaM pahAnavasena duvaGgavippahInatA veditbbaa| yathA ca paThamajjhAnassa upacArakkhaNe nIvaraNAni pahIyanti, na tathA imassa vitajhavicArA / appanAkkhaNe yeva panetaM tehi uppajjati / tenassa te "pahAnaGgaM" ti vuccnti| pIti, sukhaM, cittekaggatA ti imesaM pana tiNNaM uppattivasena tivaGgasamannAgatatA veditbbaa| tasmA yaM vibhar3e "jhAnaM ti sampasAdo pIti sukhaM cittassa ekaggatA" (abhi0 aura bhI-vitarka-vicAroM kA bhalIbhA~ti zamana hI samprasAdana hai, kleza (rUpa) kAluSya (apavitratA) kA nhiiN| isI prakAra isa dhyAna meM vitarka-vicAroM kA zamana hI ekodaya bhAva hai, upacAra-dhyAna meM jaise hotA hai usa ke samAna nIvaraNoM kA prahANa nahIM, na hI prathama dhyAna ke samAna aGgoM kA hI prApta honA / isa prakAra yaha vacana samprasAdana evaM ekodaya bhAva ke hetu ko spaSTa karane vAlA hai| isI taraha isa dhyAna meM vitarka-vicAroM kA zamana hI avitarka-avicAra hai, tRtIya-caturtha dhyAnoM ke samAna evaM cakSurvijJAna Adi ke samAna unakA abhAva honA nahIM / isa prakAra yaha vacana avitarkaavicAra ke bhAva (-hone) ke hetu ko sUcita karatA hai, vitarka-vicAra ke abhAvamAtra ko nhiiN| jabaki "avitarka-avicAra" yaha vacana vitarka-vicAra ke abhAvamAtra kA hI sUcaka hai| isaliye pahale kahe jAne para bhI punaH kahanA ucita hI thaa| 59. samAdhi (samAdhi se utpanna)-prathama dhyAna rUpa samAdhi se yA samprayukta samAdhi se utpanna / yadyapi prathama dhyAna bhI samprayukta samAdhi se utpanna hai, tathApi yahI samAdhi vitarka-vicArajanya kSobha se rahita hone ke kAraNa atyadhika sthira evaM bhalIbhA~ti prasannatA se yukta hone se 'samAdhi' kahI jAne yogya hai-yaha batAne ke liye isI ko "samAdhi se utpanna" kahA gayA hai| pItisukhaM- pUrvokta ke anusAra hI samajhanA caahiye| 60. dutiyaM- gaNanA-krama meM dvitIya / yaha dUsarI bAra prApta hotA hai, isa liye bhI dvitIya hai| jo kahA gayA hai- 'do aGgoM se rahita, tIna aGgoM se yukta'-vahA~ vitarka-vicAra ke prahANa ke rUpa meM isakI do aGgoM se rahitatA jAnanI cAhiye / aura jaise prathama dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM nIvaraNoM kA prahANa hotA hai, vaise isa dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM vitarka-vicAroM kA prahANa nahIM hotaa| kevala arpaNA ke kSaNa meM hI yaha dhyAna unake vinA utpanna hotA hai| isaliye ve isake prahANAta kahe jAte haiN| prIti, sukha, cittaikAgratA-ina tInoM kI utpatti ke rUpa meM tIna aGgoM se samanvAgata honA' jAnanA caahiye| isaliye vibhA meM jo yaha kahA gayA hai-"dhyAna : prasannatA, prIti, sukha, ekAgratA" vaha pariSkAra

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 217 2- 311) tivRtta taM saparikkhAraM jhAnaM dassetuM pariyAyena vuttaM / ThapetvA pana sampasAdanaM nippariyAyena upanijjhAnalakkhaNappattAnaM aGgAnaM vasena tivaGgikameva etaM hoti / yathAha"katamaM tasmi samaye tivaGgikaM jhAnaM hoti ? pIti sukhaM cittassa ekaggatA" (abhi0 2319) ti / sesaM paThamajjhAne vRttanayameva / tatiyajjJAnakathA 61. evamadhigate pana tasmi pi vRttanayeneva paJcahAkArehi ciNNavasinA hutvA paguNadutiyajjJAnato vuTThAya " ayaM samApatti AsannavitakkavicArapaccatthikA, 'yadeva tattha pItigataM cetaso uppalAvitaM, etenetaM oLArikaM akkhAyatI' (dI0 1-33 ) ti vuttAya pItiyA oLArikattA aGgadubbalA ti ca tattha dosaM disvA tatiyajjJAnaM santato manasikaritvA dutiyajjhAne nikantiM pariyAdAya tatiyAdhigamAya yogo kAtabbo / athassa yadA dutiyajjhAnato vuTThAya satassa sampajAnassa jhAnaGgAni paccavekkhato pIti oLArikato upadvAti, sukhaM ceva ekaggatA ca santato upaTThAti / tadAssa oLArikaGgappahAnAya santaGgapaTilAbhAya ca tadeva nimittaM " pathavI pathavI" ti punappuna manasikaroto "idAni tatiyajjJAnaM uppajjissatI" ti bhavaGgaM upacchiditvA tadeva pathavIkasiNaM ArammaNaM katvA manodvArAvajjanaM uppajjati / tato tasmi yevArammaNe cattAri paJca vA javanAni javanti, yesaM avasAne ekaM rUpAvacaraM tatiyajjhAnikaM, sesAni vuttanayeneva kAmAvacarAnI ti / 62. ettAvatA ca panesa "pItiyA ca virAgA upekkhako ca viharati sato (= saMsAdhanoM) ke sAtha dhyAna ko pradarzita karane ke uddezya se AlaGkArika rUpa se kahA gayA hai| di ntu AlaGkArika rUpa se na kahe jAne para, prasannatA ko chor3akara, vicAra (= upanijjhAna) ke lakSaNa vAle akSoM ke anusAra yaha tIna aGgoM vAlA hI hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-"usa samaya kauna se tIna aGgoM vAlA dhyAna hotA hai? prIti, sukha, citta kI ekAgratA" / zeSa prathama dhyAna ke viSaya meM kahe gaye ke anusAra hI hai| tRtIya dhyAna 61. yo dvitIya dhyAna prApta jAne para, usameM bhI pUrvokta vidhi ke anusAra hI pA~ca prakAra senipuNa hokara abhyasta dvitIya dhyAna se Upara uThakara - "yaha samApatti pratipakSabhUta vitarka-vicAra kI samIpavartinI hai, usameM yaha jo prItiyukta citta kA utphulla honA hai, usI kAraNa se yaha sthUla kahI jAtI hai' (dI0 1.33) isa prakAra kahI gayI " prIti ke sthUla hone se vaha durbala agravAlI hai" aise usa dvitIya dhyAna meM doSa dekhakara tRtIya dhyAna kI ora zAntipUrvaka mana lagAkara, dvitIya dhyAna kI kAmanA chor3akara, tRtIya dhyAna kI prApti ke liye udyoga karanA caahiye| jaba dvitIya dhyAna se uThakara vaha smRti aura samprajanya se yukta bhikSu dhyAnAnoM kA pratyavekSaNa karatA hai, taba prIti sthUla rUpa meM upasthita pratIta hotI hai, sukha evaM ekAgratA zAnta rUpa meM upasthita hote haiN| taba yaha bhikSu sthUla a ke prahANa evaM zAnta anoM kI prApti ke liye usI 'pRthvI, pRthvI' nimitta meM bArambAra mana lagAte hue 'aba tRtIya dhyAna utpanna hogA' aisA jAnakara aura bhavAna kA upaccheda kara usI pRthvIkasiNa ko Alambana banAkara manodvArAvarjana citta utpanna karatA hai| tatpazcAt usI Alambana meM cAra yA pA~ca javanacitta javana karate haiM, jinameM se antima citta rUpAvacara aura tRtIya dhyAna kA hotA hai, zeSa pUrvokta ke anusAra hI kAmAvacara hote haiN| 62. itane vyAkhyAna se "pItiyA ca virAgA upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajAno, -

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218 vizuddhimagga sampajAno, sukhaM ca kAyena paTisevedeti, yaM taM ariyA Acikkhanti upekkhako satimA sukhavihArI ti, tatiyaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharatI" ( dI0 1-66 ) ti / evamanena ekaGgavippahInaM duvaGgasamannAgataM tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM tatiyaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM / 63. tattha pItiyA ca virAgA ti / virAgo nAma vuttappakArAya pItiyA jigucchanaM vA, samatikkamo vA / ubhinnaM pana antarA ca saddo sampiNDanattho, so vUpasamaM vA sapiNDeti vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamaM vA / tattha yadA vUpasamameva sampiNDeti, tadA "pItiyA ca virAgA kiJca bhiyyo vUpasamA cA" ti evaM yojanA veditabbA / imissA ca yojanAya virAgA jigucchanattho hoti, tasmA "pItiyA jigucchanA ca vUpasamA cA" ti ayamattho daTThabbo / yadA pana vitakkavicAravUpasamaM sampiNDeti, tadA "pItiyA ca virAgA, kiJca bhiyyo vitakkavicArAnaM ca vUpasamA" ti evaM yojanA veditabbA / imissA ca yojanAya virAgo samatikkamanattho hoti, tasmA "pItiyA ca samatikkamA vitakkavicArAnaM ca vUpasamA " ti. ayamattho daTThabbo / 64. kAmaM cete vitakkavicArA dutiyajjhAne yeva vUpasantA, imassa pana jJAnassa maggaparidIpanatthaM vaNNabhaNanattaM cetaM vutaM / 'vitakkavicArAnaM ca vUpasamA ti hi vutte idaM paJJAyatinUnaM "vitakkavicAravUpasamo maggo imassa jhAnassA" ti / yathA ca tatiye ariyamagge appahInAnaM pi sakkAyadiTThAdInaM "paJcanaM orambhAgiyAnaM saMyojanAnaM pahAnA" (dI01sukhaM ca kAyena paTisaMvedeti, yaM taM ariyA Acikkhanti - upekkhako satimA sukhavihArI ti, tatiyaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharatI" ti ( dI0 1-66 ) / evamanena ekaGgavippahInaM duvaGgasamannAgataM tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM tatiyaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM-kA vistRta vivaraNa samApta huA / aba AcArya isa pAlipATha meM Aye viziSTa zabdoM kA vyAkhyAna kara rahe haiM 63. pItiyA ca virAgA (prIti aura virAga se) - pUrvokta prakAra kI prIti ke prati jugupsA (= aruci) yA usakA atikramaNa 'virAga' hai| donoM ke bIca kA 'aura' ('ca) zabda saMyojana ke artha meM hai| vaha yA to upazamana ko una donoM se jor3atA hai yA dvitIya dhyAna ke varNana ke prasaGga meM vitarka aura vicAra ke upazamana ko| inameM jaba upazamana ko hI jor3atA hai, taba "prIti se virAga aura isake atirikta upazama se " isa prakAra kI artha-yojanA samajhanI caahiye| isa artha-yojanA meM 'virAga' kA artha jugupsA hai, isaliye isakA " prIti ke prati jugupsA evaM prIti kA upazama " - yaha artha samajhanA cAhiye / kintu jaba yaha mAnate haiM ki 'ca' zabda vitarka-vicAra ko upazama ke sAtha jor3atA hai, taba 'prIti se virAga aura isake atirikta upazama se - isa prakAra artha samajhanA caahiye| isa artha - yojanA meM 'virAga' kA artha 'samatikramaNa' hai isaliye " prIti kA samatikramaNa aura vitarka tathA vicAra kA upazamana " - yaha artha samajhanA cAhiye / 64. yadyapi ye vitarka aura vicAra dvitIya dhyAna meM hI zamita ho cuke haiM, kintu isa tRtIya dhyAna ke mArga para prakAza DAlane evaM guNa-kathana ke uddezya se aisA kahA gayA hai| "vitarka aura vicAra ! ke upazamana se" isa kathana se sUcita hotA hai ki avazya hI isa dhyAna kA mArga (= upAya) vitarka aura vicAra kA zamana hai| jaise tRtIya Arya-mArga (anAgAmI mArga) meM prahINa na hone vAlI satkAyadRSTi (zarIra meM eka nitya 'AtmA' ke hone kI mithyAdRSTi) Adi ke viSaya meM "pA~ca avarabhAgIya saMyojanoM (1. satkAyadRSTi, -

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 219 133)ti evaM pahAnaM vuccamAnaM vaNNabhaNanaM hoti, tadadhigamAya ussukkAnaM ussAhajanakaM; evameva idha avUpasantAnaM pi vitakkavicArAnaM vUpasamo vuccamAno vaNNabhaNanaM hoti / tenAyamattho vutto-"pItiyA ca samatikamA vitakkavicArAnaM ca vUpasamA" ti|| 65. upekkhako ca viharatI ti| ettha upapattito ikkhatI ti upekkhaa| samaM passati, apakkhapatitA hutvA passatI ti attho| tAya visadAya vipulAya thAmagatAya samannAgatattA tatiyajjhAnasamaGgI upekkhako ti vuccti| upekkhA pana dasavidhA hoti-chaLaGgapekkhA, brahmavihArupekkhA, bojjhanupekkhA, viriyupekkhA, saGghArupekkhA, vedanupekkhA, vipassanupevakhA, tatramajjhattupekkhA, jhAnupekkhA, pArisuddhiupekkhA ti| (1) tattha yA "idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunA rUpaM disvA neva sumano hoti, na dummano, upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajAno" (aM0 ni0 3-3) ti evamAgatA khINAsavassa chasu dvAresu iTThAniTThachaLArammaNApAthe parisuddhapakatibhAvAvijahanAkArabhUtA upekkhA,ayaM chaLaGgapekkhA naam| (2) yA pana "upekkhAsahagatena cetasA ekaM disaM pharitvA viharatI" ti evamAgatA sattesu majjhattAkArabhUtA upekkhA, ayaM brahmavihArupekkhA naam| ' (3) yA "upakkhAsambojjhaGgaM bhAveti vivekanissitaM" ti evamAgatA sahajAtadhammAnaM majjhattAkArabhUtA upekkhA, ayaM bojjhaGgapekkhA naam| 2. vicikitsA, 3 zIlavrataparAmarza, 4 kAmacchanda evaM 5 vyApAda) kA prahANa" (dI0 1.133) isa prakAra prathama tIna sayojanoM ke srotaApatti mArga meM prahINa ho jAne para bhI punaH unakA prahANa kahe jAne se guNa-kathana hotA hai| usa tRtIya mArga kI prApti ke liye utsukatA va utsAha bar3hatA hai; isI prakAra yahA~ tRtIya dhyAna meM upazamita na hone vAle vitarka aura vicAra kA upazama kahe jAne se guNa -kathana hotA hai| ataH isakA yaha Azaya hai- "prIti kA samatikramaNa aura vitarka vicAra kA upazama ho jAne se|" . 65. upekkhako ca viharati (upekSA ke sAtha vihAra karatA hai)- vastuoM yA ghaTanAoM kI upapatti (utpatti, udbhava) ke anusAra unheM dekhatI hai ( IkSaNa karatI hai) ataH upekSA' kahI jAtI hai| arthAt sama bhAva se dekhatI hai, pakSapAtarahita hokara dekhatI hai| usa spaSTa (vizada), prabhUta (vipula), sudRr3ha yukta hone ke kAraNa, dhyAnaprApta bhikSu 'upekSA se yukta kahA jAtA hai| upekSA dasa prakAra kI hotI hai- 1. SaDaGga (-cha. aGgoM vAlI) upekSA, 2. brahmavihAra-upekSA, 3. bodhyaGga-upekSA, 4. vIrya-upekSA, 5. saMskAra-upekSA, 6. vedanA-upekSA. 7. vipazyanA-upekSA, 8. tatramadhyastha-upekSA, 9. dhyAnaupekSA evaM 10 parizuddhi-upekSA / (1) inameM, jo "bhikSuo, yahA~ bhikSu cakSu se rUpa dekhakara na prasanna hotA hai, na aprasanna, upekSAyukta hokara smRti aura samprajanya ke sAtha vihAra karatA hai"-isa prakAra varNita, chaha indriya dvAroM para iSTa-aniSTa (=priya-apriya) chaha AlambanoM ke upasthita hone para, kSINAsrava kI jo parizuddha prakRti bhAvarUpa (svabhAvataH vizuddha honA) upekSA hai, use SaDaGga-upekSA kahate haiN| (2) "upekSAsahagata citta se eka dizA ko sarvAMzataH dhyAna meM lekara sAdhanA karatA hai"- isa prakAra varNita, sattvoM ke prati madhyasthatA ke rUpa meM rahane vAlI jo upekSA hai, vaha brahmavihAra-upekSA hai|

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visuddhimagga (4) yA pana " kAlena kAlaM upekkhAnimittaM manasikarotI " ti evamAgatA anaccAraddhanAtisithilaviriyasaGghAtA upekkhA, ayaM viriyupekkhA nAma / (5) yA "kati saGkhArupekkhA samathavasena uppajjanti ? kati saGkhArupekkhA vipassanAvasena uppajjanti ? aTTha saGghArupekkhA samAdhivasena uppajjanti, dasa saGgrArupekkhA vipassanavasena uppajntI" ti evamAgatA nIvaraNAdipaTisaGgrAsantiTThAnA gahaNe majjhattabhUtA upekkhA, ayaM saGgrArupekkhA nAma / (6) yA pana " yasmi samaye kAmAvacare kusalaM cittaM uppannaM hoti upekkhAsahagataM " ti evamAgatA adukkhamasukhasaJJitA upekkhA, ayaM vedanupekkhA nAma / (7) yA " yadatthi yaM bhUtaM taM pajahati, upekkhaM paTilabhatI" ti evamAgatA vicinane majjhattabhUtA upekkhA, ayaM vipassanupekkhA nAma / (8) yA pana chandAdIsu yevApanakesu AgatA sahajAtAnaM samavAhitabhUtA upekkhA, ayaM tatramajjhattupekkhA nAma / (9) yA " upekkhako ca viharatI" ti evamAgatA aggasukhe pi tasmi apakkhapAtajananI upekkhA, ayaM jhAnupekkhA nAma / 220 (3) "viveka para AdhRta upekSAsambodhyaGga kI bhAvanA karatA hai"-isa prakAra varNita, sahajAta dharmoM ke prati madhyasthatA ke rUpa meM rahane vAlI jo upekSA hai, vaha bodhyama-upekSA hai| (4) "samaya-samaya para upekSA nimitta ko mana meM lAtA hai" - isa prakAra varNita, na bahuta sakriya na bahuta zithila, 'vIrya' nAmaka jo upekSA hai, vaha vIrya-upekSA hai| (5) 'saMskAroM ke prati kitane prakAra kI upekSAe~ zamatha ke kAraNa utpanna hotI haiM? saMskAroM ke prati kitane prakAra kI upekSAe~ vipazyanA ke kAraNa utpanna hotI hai? saMskAroM ke prati ATha prakAra kI upekSAe~ zamatha (=samAdhi) ke kAraNa utpanna hotI haiN| saMskAroM ke prati dasa prakAra kI upekSAe~ vipazyanA ke kAraNa utpanna hotI haiM" - isa prakAra varNita, nIvaraNa Adi ke vicAra se eka hone ke kAraNa gRhIta madhyastha rahane vAlI jo upekSA hai, vaha saMskAra- upekSA hai| (6) "jisa samaya upekSAsahagata kAmAvacara kuzalacitta utpanna hotA hai" (dra0 dha0 saM0, 156) - isa prakAra varNita 'aduHkha, asukha' saMjJaka jo upekSA hai, vaha vedanA - upekSA hai| (7) "jo hai, jo thA, use tyAga detA hai, usake prati upekSA prApta karatA hai" - isa prakAra varNita, vivecana karane meM madhyastha rahane vAlI jo upekSA hai vaha vipazyanA- upekSA hai| (8) chanda Adi, 'yevApanaka' dharmoM meM varNita, sahajAta dharmoM ko lAne vAlI jo upekSA hai, vaha tatramadhyastha- upekSA hai| ("ye vA pana tasmi samaye aje pi atthi paTiccasamuppannA arUpino dhammA, ime dhammA kusalA" - isa prakAra se dhammasaGgaNi meM "ye vA pana" se prArambha kara ina nau dharmoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai - 1. chanda, 2. adhimokSa, 3 manaskAra, 4 tatramadhyasthatA, 5. karuNA, 6 muditA, 7. kAyaduzcaritra - virati, 8. vAgduzcaritra - virati, 9. mithyA AjIva - virati / ina dharmoM ke prati jo madhyasthatA hai, vahI yahA~ abhipreta hai ) (9) "upekSA-yukta hokara vihAra karatA hai"-isa prakAra varNita, usa agrasukha (=sarvocca sukha, dhyAna - sukha) ke prati bhI apakSapAta kI manovRtti utpanna karane vAlI jo upekSA hai, vaha upekSA kahalAtI hai|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 221 (10) yA pana "upekkhAsatiparisuddhiM catutthaM jhAnaM" ti evamAgatA sabbapaccanIkapArisuddhA paccanIkavUpasamane pi abyApArabhUtA upekkhA, ayaM pArisuddhiupekkhA naam| 66. tatra chaLagupekkhA ca brahmavihArupekkhA ca bojjhanupekkhA ca tatramajjhattupekkhA ca jhAnupekkhA ca pArisuddhapekkhA ca atthato ekA, tatramajjhattupekkhA va hoti| tena tena avatthAbhedena panassA ayaM bhedo, ekassA pisato sattassa kumArayuvatherasenApatirAjAdivasena bhedo viy| tasmA tAsu yattha chaLaGgapekkhA, na tattha bojjhnggpekkhaadyo| yattha vA pana bojjhanupekkhA, na tattha chaLachupekkhAdayo hontI ti veditbbaa|| 67. yathA cetAsamatthato ekIbhAvo, evaM saGghArupekkhAvipassanupekkhAnaM pi| paJjA eva hi sA kiccavasena dvidhA bhinnaa| yathA hi purisassa sAyaM gehaM paviTuM sappaM ajapadadaNDaM gahetvA pariyesamAnassa taM thusakoTThake nipannaM disvA "sappo nukho, no" ti avalokentassa sovattikattayaM disvA nibbematikassa "sappo, na sappo" ti vicinane majjhattatA hoti; evameva yA Araddhavipassakassa vipassanAANena lakkhaNattaye diDhe saGghArAnaM aniccabhAvAdivicinane majjhattatA uppajjati, ayaM vipassanupekkhA naam| yathA pana tassa purisassa ajapadadaNDena gALhaM sappaM gahetvA "kiM tAhaM imaM sappaM aviheThento attAnaM ca iminA aDaMsApento muJceyyaM" ti muJcanAkArameva pariyesato gahaNe majjhattatA hoti; evameva yA lakkhaNattayassa diTThattA Aditte viya tayo bhave passato saGkhAragahaNe majjhattatA, ayaM (10)"upekSA dvArA parizuddha smRti se yukta caturtha dhyAna"-isa prakAra varNita, sabhI viruddha dharmoM se citta kI parizuddhi pUrva meM ho jAne se, virodhI dharmoM ke upazama ke prati anudyoga rUpa jo upekSA hai, vaha parizuddhi-upekSA kahalAtI hai| 66. inameM, SaDaGga-upekSA, brahmavihAra-upekSA, bodhyaGga-upekSA, tatramadhyastha-upekSA, dhyAnaupekSA evaM parizuddhi-upekSA, arthataH eka hI haiM, arthAt ye saba tatramadhyastha-upekSA ke antargata haiM, kevala avasthAoM ke bheda ke anusAra yaha bheda hai; jaise ki sattva prANI eka hone para bhI bAlaka, yuvA, vRddha, senApati, rAjA Adi ke rUpa meM bhinna-bhinna hotA hai| isaliye yaha samajhanA cAhiye ki una dasa prakAra kI upekSAoM meM jahA~ SaDaGga-upekSA hotI hai, vahA~ bodhyaGga-upekSA Adi nahIM hotii| athavA, jahA~ bodhyaGga-upekSA hotI hai, vahA~ SaDaGga-upekSA Adi nahIM hotii| 67. evaM jaise ye arthataH eka haiM, vaise hI saMskAra-upekSA aura vipazyanA-upekSA ko bhI samajheM; kyoMki vaha prajJA hI hai jo kRtya (kArya) ke anusAra do prakAra se vibhakta hai| jaise koI puruSa sAyaGkAla ghara meM ghuse hue sarpa ko ajapadadaNDa (-eka vizeSa prakAra kA DaNDA jisakA nicalA bhAga bakarI ke khura ke samAna hotA hai) lekara khojate hue use anAja rakhane vAlI koTharI meM ghusA dekhara 'yaha sarpa hai yA nahIM'-aisA (socate hue use dhyAna se) dekhe to tIna svastika (sovattika-sarpa kI grIvA para par3I huI rekhAe~) dekhakara sandeharahita ho cuke usa puruSa ko "yaha sarpa hai yA nahIM isa prakAra gaveSaNA karane meM madhyasthatA hotI hai, usI prakAra vipazyanA kA prArambha kara cuke bhikSu ko vipazyanAjJAna dvArA lakSaNatraya dIkha jAne para, saMskAroM ke anityabhAva Adi ke anveSaNa meM jo madhyasthatA utpanna hotI hai, vaha vipazyanA-upekSA hai| aura jaise usa puruSa ko, ajapada daNDa dvArA sarpa ko kasakara pakar3akara "kaise meM isa sarpa ko vinA satAye aura svayaM ko vinA DaeNsavAye choDUM"-isa prakAra chor3ane ke prakAra kA anveSaNa karate hue pakar3ane meM madhyasthatA hotI hai, vaise hI lakSaNatraya dIkha jAne se tInoM bhavoM ko jalatA huA sA dekhate hue, saMskAra ke grahaNa meM jo madhyasthatA hotI hai, vaha

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222 visuddhimagga saGghArupekkhA naam| iti vipassanupekkhAya siddhAya saGkhArupekkhA ti siddhA va hoti / iminA panesA vicinanagahaNesu majjhattasaGghAtena kiccena dvidhA bhinnA ti| viriyupekkhA pana vaidanupekkhA ca aJjamalaMca avasesAhi ca atthato bhinnA evA ti| 68. iti imAsu upekkhAsu jhAnupekkhA idha adhippetaa| sA majjhattalakkhaNA, anAbhogarasA, avyApArapaccupaTThAnA, pItivirAgapadaTThAnA ti / etthAha-nanu ca ayaM atthato tatramajjhattupekkhA va hoti, sA ca paThamadutiyajjhAnesu pi atthi, tasmA tatrApi upekkhako ca viharatI' ti evamayaM vattabbA siyA, sA kasmA na vuttA ti? apribyttkiccto| aparibyattaM hi tassA tattha kiccaM; vitakAdIhi abhibhuutttaa| idha panAyaM vitakkavicArapItIhi anabhibhUtattA ukkhittasirA viya hutvA paribyattakiccA jAtA, tasmA vuttA ti| nivitA "upekkhako ca viharatI" ti etassa sabbaso atthvnnnnnaa| 69. idAni satocasampajAno ti / ettha saratI ti sto|smpjaanaatii ti smpjaano| puggalena sati ca sampajajaMca vuttaM / tattha saraNalakkhaNA sati, asammussanarasA, aarkkhpccuptttthaanaa| asammohalakkhaNaM sampajaja, tIraNarasaM, pvicypccuptttthaan| . 70. tattha kiJcApi idaM satisampajanaM purimajjhAnesu pi asthi / muTThasatissa hi asampajAnassa upacAramattaM pi na sampajjati, pageva appnaa| oLArikattA pana tesaM jhAnAnaM, saMskAra-upekSA hai| isa prakAra vipazyanA-upekSA siddha hone para saMskAra-upekSA bhI siddha hotI hai; kintu vaha anveSaNa aura grahaNa karane meM madhyastha hone ke kArya ke anusAra do prakAra se vibhakta hai| vIrya-upekSA evaM vedanA-upekSA eka dUsare se bhI evaM zeSa upekSAoM se bhI 'arthataH bhinna haiN| 68. ina pUrvokta sabhI upekSAoM meM yahA~ dhyAna-upekSA hI abhipreta hai| vaha 'madhyastha' lakSaNa vAlI hai, 'anAbhoga' (-sambandha na rakhanA) rasa vAlI hai, avyApAra' (ruci na rakhanA) usakA pratyupasthAna evaM prIti se virAga padasthAna hai| yahA~ yaha prazna uThAyA jA sakatA hai- kyA yaha arthataH tatramadhyastha-upekSA hI nahIM hai? aura vaha prathama tathA dvitIya dhyAnoM meM bhI hotI hai, ataH vahA~ bhI upekSA ke sAtha viharatA hai aise kahA jAnA cAhiye thA? to vaha (upekSA) kisaliye vahA~ nahIM kI gayI? uttara- kRtya kI aspaSTatA (avyaktatA) ke kaarnn| vahA~ usakA kRtya vitarka Adi dvArA abhibhUta hone se aspaSTa hotA hai| kintu yahA~ tRtIya dhyAna meM upekSA vitarka, vicAra, prIti dvAsa abhibhUta na hone ke kAraNa, sira uThAye hue ke samAna, spaSTa kRtya vAlI hotI hai| isaliye yahA~ kahI gayI hai| "upekSA ke sAtha viharatA hai"-isa pada kI sabhI pakSoM meM vyAkhyA samApta huii| 69. aba satoca sampajAno "smRti aura samprajanya se yukta" para vicAra kiyA jAyagA / yahA~ smaraNa karatA hai (=sarati) ataH smRtimAn hai| bhalIbhA~ti jAgarUka rahatA hai (=sampajAnAti), ataH samprajanyayukta hai| ye smRti aura samprajanya guNa vaiyaktika guNoM ke rUpa meM batalAye gaye haiN| inameM; 1. 'smRti' smaraNa lakSaNa vAlI hai, vismRta na karanA isakA kArya hai, bacAkara rakhanA isakA pratyupasthAna hai| 2. samprajanya' kA lakSaNa asammoha hai, nizcaya karanA isakA pratyupasthAna hai| 70. inameM, yadyapi ye, smRti-samprajanya pUrva dhyAnoM meM bhI hote haiM, kyoMki vismaraNazIla aura asAvadhAna ko to upacAra mAtra bhI prApta nahIM hotI, phira arpaNA kI to bAta hI kyA; kintu una dhyAnoM

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 223 bhUmiyaM viya purisassa, cittassa gati sukhA hoti, abyattaM tattha satisampajaJakiccaM / oLArikaGgappahAnena pana sukhumattA imassa jhAnassa purisassa khuradhArAyaM viya satisampajaJakiccapariggahitA eva cittassa gati icchitabbA ti idheva vRttaM / kiJca bhiyyo, yathA dhenUpago vaccho dhenuto apanIto arakkhiyamAno punadeva dhenuM upagacchati, evamidaM tatiyajjJAnasukhaM pItito apanItaM taM satisampaJJarakkhena arakkhiyamAnaM punadeva pItiM upagaccheyya, pItisampayuttameva siyA / sukhe vA pi sattA sArajjanti, idaM ca atimadhuraM sukhaM, tato paraM sukhAbhAvA / satisampajaJAnubhAvena panettha sukhe asArajjanA hoti, na aJJathA ti imaM pi atthavisesaM dassetuM idaM idheva vuttaM ti veditabbaM / 71. idAni sukhaM ca kAyena paTisaMvedetI ti ettha kiJcApi tatiyajjhAnasamaGgino sukhapaTisaMvedanAbhogo natthi / evaM sante pi yasmA tassa nAmakAyena sampayuttaM sukhaM, yaM vA taM nAmakAyasampayuttaM sukhaM, taMsamuTThAnenassa yasmA atipaNItena rUpena rUpakAyo phuTo, yassa phuTattA jhAnA vudvito pi sukhaM paTisaMvedeyya / tasmA etamatthaM dassento, sukhaM ca kAyena paTisaMvedetI ti Ai / 72. idAni yaM taM ariyA Acikkhanti upekkhako satimA sukhavihArI ti / ettha yaMjhAnahetu yaMjJAnakAraNA taM tatiyajjhAnasamaGgipuggalaM buddhAdayo ariyA Acikkhanti desenti paJJanti paThanti vivaranti vibhajanti uttAnIkaronti pakAsenti, pasaMsantI ti meM sthUlatva hone se vahA~ citta kI gati sarala hotI hai, jaise bhUmi para puruSa kI / ataH una dhyAnoM meM smRti aura samprajanya kA kRtya aspaSTa hotA hai| kintu sthUla aGgoM ke prahANa ke kAraNa isa tRtIya dhyAna ke sUkSma hone se chure kI dhAra para puruSa kI gati ke samAna citta kI gati smRti - samprajanya ko grahaNa karake hI honI Avazyaka hai, ataH yahIM kahA gayA hai| adhika kyA kaheM! jaise dUdha pIne vAlA bachar3A gAya se dUra kara diye jAne para bhI yadi pakar3a kara na rakhA jAya to punaH punaH gAya ke pAsa pahu~ca jAtA hai, usI prakAra prIti se dUra kara diyA gayA yaha tRtIya dhyAna kA sukha usa smRti - samprajanya dvArA rakSita na kiye jAne para punaH prIti ke pAsa jA pahu~cegA evaM prIti se hI samprayukta ho jaaygaa| athavA, 'prANI (sattva) sukha meM hI rAga rakhate haiM aura yaha atimadhura sukha hai; kyoMki isase utkRSTa koI anya sukha nahIM hai| kintu smRti - samprajanya ke prabhAva ( = AnubhAva) ke kAraNa hI isa sukha meM rAga nahIM hotA, anya kisI kAraNa se nhiiN| - isa vizeSa artha ko darasAne ke liye bhI ise yahIM kahA gayA hai - aisA samajhanA cAhiye / . 71 . aba ' sukhaM ca kAyena paTisaMvedeti" (aura kAya se sukha kA anubhava karatA hai' ) - yahA~ yadyapi tRtIya dhyAna ko vastutaH prApta karane vAle sukha kI saMvedanA nahIM hotI; tathApi kyoMki sukha usake nAma- kAya (=vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra) se yukta hai athavA jo nAma - kAya se samprayukta sukhaM hai, usake samutthAna se kyoMki ati utkRSTa rUpa se rUpakAya paripUrNa hotA hai, jisake paripUrNa hone para dhyAna se uThane para bhI sukha kA anubhava karatA hai, ataH yaha artha darasAne ke liye " aura kAya se sukha kA anubhava karatA hai"- aisA kahA gayA hai| 72. aba "yaM taM ariyA Acikkhanti upekkhako satimA sukhavihArI" (jisake kAraNa usake viSaya meM Arya kahate haiM ki vaha upekSAyukta, smRtimAn, sukhavihArI hai) - jisa dhyAna ke hetu se, jisa dhyAna ke kAraNa se, usa tRtIya dhyAna ko prApta pudgala kA buddha Adi AryagaNa ullekha karate haiM,

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224 visuddhimagga adhippaayo| kiM ti? upekkhako satimA sukhavihArI ti| taM tatiyaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharatI ti evamettha yojanA veditbbaa| 73. kasmA pana taM te evaM pasaMsantI ti? pasaMsArahato / ayaM hi yasmA atimadhurasukhe sukhapAramippatte pi tatiyajjhAne upekkhako,na tattha sukhAbhisaGgena aakddddiyti| yathA ca pIti na uppajjati, evaM upaTThitasatitAya stimaa| yasmA ca ariyakantaM ariyajanasevitameva ca asaGkiliTuM sukhaM nAma kAyena paTisaMvedeti, tasmA pasaMsAraho hoti / iti pasaMsArahato naM ariyA te evaM pasaMsAhetubhUte guNe pakAsento "upekkhako satimA sukhavihArI" ti evaM pasaMsantI ti veditabbaM / 74. tatiyaM ti| gaNanAnupubbatA tatiyaM, idaM tatiyaM samApajjatI ti tatiyaM / yaM pana vuttaM "ekaGgavippahInaM duvaGgasamannAgataM" ti, ettha pItiyA pahAnavasena ekaGgavippahInatA veditbbaa| sA panesA dutiyajjhAnassa vitakkavicArA viya appanAkkhaNe yeva phiiyti| tenassa sA pahAnaGgaM ti vuccti| sukhaM cittekaggatA ti imesaM pana dvinnaM uppattivasena duvaGgasamannAgatatA veditbbaa| tasmA yaM vibhaGge-"jhAnaM ti upekkhA satisampajaaM sukhaM cittassekaggatA" (abhi02-312) ti vuttaM, taM saparikkhAraM jhAnaM dassetuM pariyAyena vuttN| ThapetvA pana upekkhAsatisampajAni nippariyAyena upanijjhAnalakkhaNappattAnaM aGgAnaM vasena duvaGgikamevetaM hoti| yathAha-"katamaM tasmi samaye duvaGgikaM jhAnaM hoti? sukhaM, cittassekaggatA" (abhi0 2-317) ti| sesaM paThamajjhAne vuttnymev|| kahate haiM, prajJapta karate haiM, pratiSThApita karate haiM, udghATita karate hai, prakAzita karate haiM, prazaMsA karate haiMyaha abhiprAya hai| aisA kyoM? kyoMki "upekSAyukta, smRtimAn, sukhavihArI usa tRtIya dhyAna ko prApta kara vihAra karatA hai"-yahA~ yaha artha-yojanA samajhanI caahiye| 73. kintu kisaliye ve Aryajana usakI isa prakAra prazaMsA karate haiM? prazaMsA ke yogya hone se| kyoMki yaha (bhikSu) atimadhura sukharUpa sukha kI carama sImA prApta tRtIya dhyAna meM bhI upekSA se yukta hotA hai, usakI tarapha sukha kI lAlasA se AkRSTa nahIM hotaa| jisa prakAra prIti utpanna na ho, usa prakAra smRti ko upasthita rakhane se smRtimAn hai; kyoMki AryajanoM ko priya, AryajanoM se sevita, klezarahita sukha kA nAma-kAya se anubhava karatA hai, isaliye prazaMsA ke yogya hotA hai| isa prakAra Aryajana dvArA prazaMsA ke hetubhUta guNoM ko prakAzita karate hue prazaMsA ke yogya isakI "upekSAyukta, smRtimAn, sukhavihArI"-isa prakAra prazaMsA karate haiM. aisA jAnanA caahiye| 74. tatiyaM (tRtIya)- gaNanA ke krama meM tRtIya / gaNanAkrama meM ise tRtIya sthAna prApta hotA hai, ataH tRtIya hai| jo yaha kahA gayA hai-"eka aGga se rahita, do aGgoM se yukta", yahA~ prIti ke prahANa ke rUpa meM eka aGga se rahita honA samajhanA caahiye| prIti dvitIya dhyAna ke vitarka vicAra ke samAna arpaNA ke kSaNa meM hI naSTa hotI hai| isaliye vaha isakI 'prahANAGga' kahI jAtI hai| sukha aura citta kI ekAgratA-ina do aGgoM kI utpatti ke rUpa meM 'do aGgoM se yukta honA' jAnanA caahiye| isaliye jo vibhA meM-"dhyAna, upekSA, smRti-samprajanya sukha, citta kI ekAgratA"-aisA kahA gayA hai, vaha dhyAna ko usake saMsAdhanoM (=pariSkAroM) ke sAtha dikhAne ke liye AlaGkArika rUpa meM kahA gayA hai| kintu upekSA, smRti aura samprajanya ko chor3akara, vAstavika artha meM cintana (=upanijjhAna) lakSaNa vAle aGgoM ke anusAra yaha tRtIya dhyAna do aGgoM vAlA hI hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-"usa samaya

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 225 catutthajjhAnakathA 75. evamadhigate pana tasmi pi vuttanayeneva paJcahAkArehi ciNNavasinA hutvA paguNatatiyajjhAnako vuTThAya "ayaM samApatti AsannapItipaccatthikA, yadeva tattha sukhamiti cetaso Abhogo, etene oLArikamakkhAyatI" ti evaM vuttassa sukhassa "oLArikattA aGgadubbalA"ti ca tattha dosaM disvA catutthajjhAnaM santato manasikatvA tatiyajjhAne nikanti pariyAdAya catutthAdhigamAya yogo kaatbbo| athassa yadA tatiyajjhAnato vuvAya satassa sampajAnassa jhAnaGgAni paccavekkhato cetasikasomanassasaJjAtaM sukhaM oLArikato upaTThAti, upekkhAvedanA ceva cittekaggatA ca santato upaTThAti, tadAssa oLArikaGgappahAnAya santaGgapaTilAbhAya ca tadeva nimittaM "pathavI, pathavI" ti punappunaM manasikaroto "idAni catutthajjhAnaM uppajissatI"ti bhavaGgaM upacchinditvA tadeva pathavIkasiNaM ArammaNaM katvA manodvArAvajanaM uppjjti| tato tasmi yevArammaNe cattAri paJca vA javanAni uppajanti, yesaM avasAne ekaM rUpAvacaraM catutthajjhAnikaM, sesAni vuttappakArAneva kaamaavcraani|| ayaM pana viseso-yasmA sukhavedanA adukkhamasukhAya vedanAya Asevanapaccayena paccayo na hoti, catutthajjhAne ca adukkhamasukhAya vedanAya uppajjitabbaM, tasmA tAni upekkhAvedanAsampayuttAni honti| upekkhAsampayuttattA yeva cettha pIti pi parihAyatI ti| ... ettAvatA cesa sukhassa ca pahAnA dukkhassa ca pahAnA pubbeva somanassakauna se do aGgoM vAlA dhyAna hai? sukha aura citta kI ekaagrtaa|" zeSa prathama dhyAna meM varNita vidhi ke anusAra hI hai| caturtha dhyAna . 75. isa prakAra, usa tRtIya dhyAna ko prApta kara cukane para, usameM bhI kahe gaye prakAra se hI pA~ca prakAra kI vazitAe~ prApta kara, abhyasta yA paricita tRtIya dhyAna se uThakara,"yaha samApatti prIti kI samIpavartinI hai, kyoMki vahA~ jo 'sukha' isa prakAra citta kA Ananda lenA (=Abhoga) hai, isase yaha sthUla kahI jAtI hai"-aise isa prakAra kahe gaye sukha meM "sthUlatva ke kAraNa durbala aGga vAlI hai"isa prakAra vahA~ tRtIya dhyAna meM doSa dekhakara caturtha dhyAna kI ora zAntipUrvaka mana lagAkara tRtIya kI kAmanA chor3akara caturtha kI prApti ke liye udyoga karanA caahiye| jaba tRtIya dhyAna se uThakara smRti aura samprajanya se yukta usa bhikSu ko dhyAna ke aGgoM kA pratyavekSaNa karate hue caitasika saumanasya nAmaka sukha sthUla pratIta hotA hai evaM upekSA vedanA tathA citta kI ekAgratA zAnta pratIta hotI hai, taba vaha sthUla aGgoM ke prahANa ke liye aura zAnta agoM kI prApti ke liye usI "pRthvI, pRthvI" nimitta ko bArambAra mana meM lAte hue "aba caturtha dhyAna utpanna hogA"rasA jAna letA hai, aura bhavAGga kA upaccheda kara, usI pRthvIkasiNa ko Alambana banAkara manodvArAvarjana cetta utpanna hotA hai| taba usI Alambana meM cAra pA~ca javana utpanna hote haiM, jinakA antima citta ekarUpAvacara caturtha dhyAna kA hotA hai| zeSa pUrvokta prakAra se kAmAvacara hote haiN| kintu bheda yaha hai kyoMki sukhavedanA aduHkha-asukha (=upekSA) vedanA kA Asevanapratyaya -punarAvRttipratyaya) nahIM hotI evaM caturtha dhyAna meM parikarma ko aduHkha, asukha vedanA ke sAtha utpanna honA cAhiye, isaliye ve parikarma citta upekSAvedanA se samprayukta hote haiN| upekSAvedanA se samprayukta hone se hI yahA~ prIti nahIM rhtii| yoM isa taraha "sukhassa ca pahAnA dukkhassa ca pahAnA pubbeva somanassadomanassAnaM atthaGgamA

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226 visuddhimagga domanassAnaM atthaGgamA adukkhamasukhaM upekkhAsatipArisuddhiM catutthaM jhAnaM upasampajja vihrti| evamanena ekaGgavippahInaM duvaGgasamannAgataM tividhakalyANaMdasalakkhaNasampanna catutthaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pthviiksinnN| 76. tattha sukhassa ca pahAnA dukkhassa ca pahAnA ti| kAyikasukhassa ca kAyikadukkhassa ca phaanaa| pubbe vA ti| taM ca kho pubbeva, na ctutthjjhaankkhnne| somanassadomanassAnaM atthaGgamA ti| cetasikasukhassa ca cetasikadukkhassa cA ti| imesaM pi dvinnaM pubbena atthaGgamA, pahAnA icceva vuttaM hoti| kadA pana nesaM pahAnaM hotI ti? catunnaM jhAnAnaM upcaarkkhnne| somanassaM hi catutthajjhAnassa upacArakkhaNe yeva pahIyati / dukkhadomanassasukhAni paThamadutiyatatiyajjhAnAnaM upcaarkkhnnesu| evametesaM pahAnakkamena avuttAnaM pi indriyavibhaGge pana indriyAnaM uddesakkameneva idhApi vuttAnaM sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassAnaM pahAnaM veditabbaM / 77. yadi panetAni tassa tassa jhAnassa upacArakkhaNe yeva pahIyanti, atha kasmA "kattha cuppannaM dukkhindriyaM aparisesaM nirujjhati? idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva kAmehi ....pe0....paThamaM jhAnaM upasampaja vihrti| ettha cuppannaM dukkhindriyaM aparisesaM nirujjhti| kattha cuppannaM domanassindriyaM, sukhindriyaM, somanassindriyaM aparisesaM nirujjhati? idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahAnA.... pe0.... catutthaM jhAnaM upasampaja viharati, ettha cuppannaM somanassindriyaM aparisesaM nirujjhatI" (saM0 4-185) ti evaM jhAnesveva nirodho adukkhamasukhaM upekkhAsatipArisuddhiM catutthaM jhAnaM upasampajja viharati / evamanena ekAvippahInaM duvAsamannAgataM tividhakalyANaM dasalakkhaNasampannaM catutthaM jhAnaM adhigataM hoti pathavIkasiNaM"-isa pAlipATha kA vyAkhyAna pUrNa ho gyaa| 76. aba isa pAlipATha meM Aye viziSTa zabdoM kA vyAkhyAna kara rahe haiM-"sukhassaM ca pahAnA dukkhassa ca pahAnA" (sukha ke prahANa evaM duHkha ke prahANa se)-kAyika sukha evaM kAyika duHkha ke prahANa se| pubeva- aura vaha bhI pahale hI, caturtha dhyAna ke kSaNa meM nhiiN| somanassadomanassAnaM atthAmA (saumanasya-daurmanasya ke vinAza se)-caitasika sukha ke evaM caitasika duHkha ke vinAza se| ina donoM hI kA pahale hI vinAza (prahANa) ho jAne se yaha kahA gayA hai| unakA vinAza kaba hotA hai? cAroM dhyAnoM ke upacAra ke kSaNa meM / saumanasya kA to caturtha dhyAna ke upacArakSaNa meM hI prahANa hotA hai| duHkha, daurmanasya aura sukha kA kramazaH prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya dhyAnoM ke upacAra-kSaNoM meM / isa prakAra inakA prahANa yadyapi kramAnusAra nahIM batalAyA gayA hai, phira bhI indriyavibhA meM indriyoM ke varNanakrama ke anusAra hI yahA~ bhI kathita sukha, duHkha, saumanasya aura daurmanasya kA prahANa jAnanA caahiye| 77. prazna-kintu yadi inakA prahANa usa usa dhyAna ke upacAra-kSaNa meM hI ho jAtA hai, to isa prakAra svayaM dhyAna meM hI unakA nirodha kyoM batalAyA gayA hai-"kahA~ utpanna huI duHkhendriya pUrNata niruddha hotI hai? yahA~, bhikSuo, bhikSu kAmoM se rahita hokara.pUrvavat ...prathama dhyAna prApta karatA hai| yahA~ utpanna huI duHkhendriya pUrNataH niruddha hotI hai| kahA~ utpanna huI daurmanasyendriya, sukhendriya, saumanasyendriya pUrNataH niruddha hotI haiM? yahA~ bhikSuo, bhikSu sukha ke prahANa ke kAraNa caturtha dhyAna prApta kara vihAra karatA yahA~ utpanna huI saumanasyendriya pUrNataH niruddha hotI hai?"

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227 4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa vutto ta ? atisayanirodhattA / atisayanirodho hi nesaM paThamajjhAnAdIsu, na nirodho yeva / nirodho yeva pana upacArakkhaNe, nAtisayanirodho / 78. tathA hi nAnAvajjane paThamajjhAnupacAre niruddhassA pi dukkhindriyassa DaMsamakasAdisamphassena vA visamAsanupatApena vA siyA uppatti, na tveva anto appanAyaM / upacAre vA niruddhaM petaM na suTTu niruddhaM hoti, paTipakkhena avihatattA / antoappanAyaM pana pItipharaNena sabbo kAyo sukhokkanto hoti, sukhokkantakAyassa ca suTTu niruddhaM hoti dukkhindriyaM, paTipakkhena vihatattA / nAnAvajjane yeva ca dutiyajjhAnupacAre pahInassa domanassindriyassa, yasmA etaM ktikkavicArapaccaye pi kAyakilamathe cittupaghAte ca sati uppajjati / vitakkavicArAbhAve ca neva uppajjati / yattha pana uppajjati, tattha vitakkavicArabhAve appahInA, evaM ca dutiyajjhAnupacAre vitakkavicArA ti tatthassa siyA uppatti, na tveva dutiyajjhAne, pahInapaccayattA / tathA tatiyajjhAnupacAre pahInassApi sukhindriyassa pItisamuTThAnapaNItarUpaphuTakAyassa siyA utpatti, na tveva tatiyajjJAne / tatiyajjhAne hi sukhassa paccayabhUtA pIti sabbaso niruddhA ti / tathA catutthajjhAnupacAre pahInassA pi somanassindriyassa AsannatA appanAppattAya upekkhAya abhAvena sammA anatikkantattA ca siyA uppatti, na tveva catutthajjhAne / tasmA ca etthutpannaM dukkhindriyaM aparisesaM nirujjhatI ti tattha aparisesaggahaNaM kataM ti / 79. etthAha--" athevaM tassa tassa jhAnassupacAre pahInA pi etA vedanA idha kasmA uttara- atizaya nirodha hone ke kaarnn| Azaya yaha hai ki prathama dhyAna Adi meM inakA atizaya nirodha hotA hai, kevala nirodha nhiiN| jabaki upacAra ke kSaNa meM nirodha hI hotA hai, atizaya nirodha nahIM / 78, nAnA AvarjanoM vAle prathama dhyAna ke upacAra meM niruddha ho cukI duHkhendriya daMza, mazaka Adi ke sparza arthAt daza yA viSama Asana bhojana se hone vAle kaSTa se punaH utpanna ho sakatI hai: kintu arpaNA meM kabhI utpanna nahIM hotii| athavA, pratipakSa dharmoM kA vinAza na hone se, upacAra meM niruddha yaha duHkhendriya acchI taraha niruddha nahIM hotii| kintu arpaNA samasta prIti ke sphuraNa se kAyasukha se paripUrNa hotI hai, sukha se paripUrNa kAya vAle kI duHkhendriya pratipakSa ke vinAza se acchI taraha niruddha hotI hai| vaise nAnA AvarjanoM vAle dvitIya dhyAna ke upacArakSaNa meM prahINa daurmanasyendriya punaH utpanna ho sakatI hai, yadi vitarka evaM vicAra ke kAraNa kAyika zrAnti (thakAna) aura caitasika pIr3A ho| vitarka-vicAra ke abhAva meM vaha utpanna nahIM hotii| vaha jahA~ bhI utpanna hotI hai, vitarka-vicAra ke hone para hI hotI hai| ataH dvitIya dhyAna ke upacAra meM vitarka-vicAra kA prahANa na hone se vahA~ usakA utpAda honA sambhava hai, kintu svayaM dvitIya dhyAna meM nahIM; kyoMki pratyaya kAraNa kA nAza ho cukA hotA hai| vaise hI, tRtIya dhyAna ke upacAra meM prahINa ho cukI sukhendriya kI prItisamutthAna se samudbhUta rUpakAya meM punaH utpatti sambhava hai, kintu svayaM tRtIya dhyAna meM nhiiN| tRtIya dhyAna meM to sukha kI pratyayabhUta prIti sarvata: niruddha ho jAtI hai| vaise hI, caturtha dhyAna ke upacArakSaNa meM prahINa ho cukI saumanasyendriya utpanna ho sakatI hai, kyoMki saumanasyendriya se samIpavartI hone se evaM arpaNA prApta na hone se upekSA kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa samyak rUpa se usakA atikramaNa nahIM huA rahatA; kintu vaha caturtha dhyAna meM nahIM utpanna ho sktii| isIliye yahA~ utpanna huI duHkhendriya pUrNa (= azeSa rUpa se) niruddha ho jAtI hai, aisA sUcita karane ke liye hI vahA~ una sthaloM meM 'aparizeSa' zabda kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai /

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228 visuddhimagga samAhaTA" ti? sukhaggahaNatthaM / yA hi ayaM adukkhamasukhaM ti ettha adukkhamasukhA vedanA vuttA, sA sukhumA duvijJeyyA na sakA sukhena gahetuM / tasmA yathA nAma duTThassa yathA vA tathA vA upasaGkamitvA gahetuM asakkuNeyyassa goNassa sukhaggahaNatthaM gopo ekasmi vaje sabbA gAvo samAharati, athekekaM nIharanto paTipATiyA AgataM "ayaM so, gaNhatha naM" ti taM pi gAhayati, evameva bhagavA sukhaggahaNatthaM sabbA etA smaahri| evaM hi samAhaTA etA dassetvA yaM neva sukhaM na dukkhaM na somanassaM na domanassaM, ayamadukkhamasukhA vedanA ti sakkA hoti esA gaahyituN| 80. api ca-adukkhamasukhAya cetovimuttiyA paccayadassanatthaM cA pi etA vuttA ti veditbbaa| dukkhappahAnAdayo hi tassA pccyaa|athaah-"cttaaro kho,Avuso, paccayA adukkhamasukhAya cetovimuttiyA samApattiyA |idhaavuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahAnA....pe0.... catutthaM jhAnaM upasampajjha viharati / ime kho, Avuso, cattAro paccayA adukkhamasukhAya cetovimuttiyA samApattiyA" (ma0ni01-366) ti| 81. yathA vA aJattha pahInA pi sakkAyadiTThiAdayo tatiyamaggassa vaNNabhaNanatthaM tattha pahInA ti vuttA, evaM vaNNabhaNanatthaM petassa jhAnassetA idha vuttA ti pi veditbbaa| paccayaghAtena vA ettha rAgadosAnamatidUrabhAvaM dassetuM petA vuttA ti veditabbA / etAsu hi sukhaM somanassassa paccayo, somanassaM raagss| dukkhaM domanassassa paccayo, domanassaM dosss| sukhAdighAtena cassa sappaccayA rAgadosA hatA ti atidUre hontI ti| 79. yahA~ prazna kiyA gayA hai-"aise usa usa dhyAna ke upacAra meM prahINa ho cukI ye vedanAe~ yahA~ kisaliye lAyI gayI haiM?" uttara- saralatA ke sAtha samajhane ke liye| kyoMki yahA~ jo aduHkha-asukha ke rUpa meM aduHkha-asukha vedanA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, vaha sUkSma hai, durvijJeya hai evaM saralatA se samajha meM Ane yogya nahIM hai| isaliye jaise ki koI gvAlA kisI duSTa baila ko, jise pAsa jAkara pakar3anA sambhava na ho, AsAnI se pakar3ane ke liye eka bAr3e meM sabhI gAya-bailoM ko ikaTThA karatA hai, phira eka eka ko nikAlate hue krama se (usa duSTa, marakahe baila kI bArI Ane para) "yahI hai, pakar3a lo ise" aisA kahakara use bhI pakar3avA detA hai; vaise hI bhagavAn ne saralatApUrvaka samajhAne ke liye sabhI vedanAoM ko eka sAtha rkhaa| eka sAtha inako dikhAne se 'jo na sukha hai, na duHkha hai; na saumanasya hai, na daurmanasya hai; vahI aduHkha-asukha vedanA hai'-isa prakAra ise samajhAyA jA sakatA hai| 80. isake atirikta, aduHkha-asukha kI cetovimukti (=citta kI vimukti) ke pratyaya ko dikhAne ke liye bhI inheM batalAyA gayA hai-aisA jAnanA cAhiye / duHkha kA prahANa Adi usake pratyaya haiN| ataH kahA hai- "AyuSman! aduHkha-asukha cetovimukti kI prApti ke cAra pratyaya haiN| yahA~, AyuSman! bhikSu sukha ke prahANa se...pUrvavat...caturtha dhyAna prApta kara vihAra karatA hai| ye hI, AyuSman! aduHkha-asukha cetovimukti kI prApti ke cAra pratyaya hai|" 81. athavA- yaha samajhanA cAhiye ki jaise anyatra prahINa ho cukI satkAyadRSTi Adi tRtIya mArga kI prazaMsA ke uddezya se vahA~ prahINa huI batalAyI gayI haiM, vaise hI ve isa dhyAna kI prazaMsA karane ke liye hI yahA~ bhI kahI gayI haiN| __ athavA-pratyaya ke nAza se yahA~ se rAga-dveSa Adi kA ati dUra honA dikhAne ke liye bhI ye yahA~ batalAyI gayI haiM-aisA samajhanA caahiye| inameM, sukha saumanasya kA pratyaya hai, saumanasya rAga kaa|

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 229 82. adukkhamasukhaM ti / dukkhAbhAvena adukkhaM / sukhAbhAvena asukhaM / etenettha dukkhasukhapaTipakkhabhUtaM tatiyavedanaM dIpeti, na dukkhasukhAbhAvamattaM / tatiyavedanA nAma adukkhamasukhA, upekkhA ti pi vuccati / sA iTThAniTThaviparItAnubhavanalakkhaNA, majjhattarasA, avibhUtapaccupaTThAnA, sukhadukkhanirodhapadaTThAnA ti veditabbA / 83. upekkhAsatipArisuddhiM ti / upekkhAya janitasatiyA pArisuddhiM / imasmi hi jhAne suparisuddhA satiyA ca tassA satiyA pArisuddhi, sA upekkhAya katA, na aJjena / tasmA etaM "upekkhAsatipArisuddhiM" ti vuccati / vibhaGge pi vuttaM - " ayaM sati imAya upekkhAya visadA hoti parisuddhA pariyodAtA / tena vuccati upekkhAsatipArasuddhI" (abhi0 2- 314)ti / yAya ca upekkhAya ettha satiyA pArisuddhi hoti, sA atthato tatramajjhattatA ti veditabbA / na kevalaM cettha tAya sati yeva parisuddhA, api ca kho sabbe pi sampayuttadhammA, satisIsena pana desanA vRttA / tattha kiJcApi ayaM upekkhA heTThA pi tIsu jhAnesu vijjati / yathA pana divA suriyappabhAbhibhavA sommabhAvena ca attano upakArakattena vA sabhAgAya rattiyA alAbhA divA vijjamAnA pi candalekhA aparisuddhA hoti apariyodAtA; evamayaM pi tatramajjhattupekkhA candralekhAvitakkAdipaccanIkadhammatejAbhibhavA sabhAgAya ca upekkhAvedanArattiyA appaTilAbhA vijjamAnA pi paThamAdijjJAnabhedesu aparisuddhA hoti / tassA ca aparisuddhAya divA aparisuddhacandalekhAya pabhA viya sahajAtA pi satiAdayo aparisuddhA va honti / tasmA tesu duHkha daurmanasya kA pratyaya hai, daurmanasya dveSa kA / sukha Adi ke nAza se pratyaya ke sAtha rAgadveSa Adi naSTa ho jAne se atidUra ho jAte haiN| 82. adukkhamasukhaM (aduHkha - asukha) - duHkha ke abhAva se aduHkha sukha ke abhAva se asukha / isase yahA~ duHkha-sukha kI pratipakSabhUta tRtIya vedanA sUcita hotI hai, duHkha-sukha kA abhAvamAtra nahIM / tRtIya vedanA aduHkha - asukha vedanA hai, use 'upekSA' bhI kahate haiN| usakA lakSaNa hai iSTa-aniSTa ke viparIta anubhava / rasa hai madhyastha honA aura pratyupasthAna- aprakaTa honA evaM padasthAna sukha-duHkha kA nirodha hai - aisA jAnanA cAhiye / 83. upekkhAsatipArisuddhiM - upekSA se utpanna smRti kI parizuddhi hI upekSA-smRtiparizuddhi hai| isa dhyAna meM smRti parizuddha hotI hai| jo vaha vaha smRti kI parizuddhi hai, vaha upekSA dvArA kI gayI hotI hai, anya kisI se nhiiN| isaliye isa dhyAna ko 'upekSAjanya smRti kI parizuddhi vAlA' kahA gayA hai| vibhAga meM bhI kahA gayA hai- "yaha smRti isa upekSA se svaccha, parizuddha evaM spaSTa hotI hai / isIliye kahA jAtA hai- 'upekSAsmRtiparizuddhi' / " jisa upekSA dvArA yahA~ smRti parizuddha hotI hai, usakA tAtparya tatramadhyasthatA samajhanA cAhiye / evaM usa upekSA se yahA~ isa dhyAna meM kevala smRti hI parizuddha nahIM hotI, apitu sabhI samprayukta dharma bhI parizuddha ho jAte haiN| kintu smRti ko pramukhatA dete hue dezanA kI gayI hai| vahA~, yadyapi yaha upekSA nimnastarIya tInoM dhyAnoM meM bhI vidyamAna rahatI hai, kintu jaise dina meM sUrya ke prabhAva se abhibhUta hone se saumya evaM svayaM kI upakAraka sabhAga (= anukUla) rAtri kA lAbha na milane se dina meM zukla pakSa ke candramA kI prabhA (= candralekhA) aparizuddha, aspaSTa (arthAt nisteja hotI hai, vaise hI yaha tatramadhyastha upekSArUpI candralekhA bhI vitarka Adi pratipakSa dharmoM ke teja se abhUita hone se evaM sabhAga upekSA vedanArUpI rAtri kA lAbha prApta na karane se, vidyamAna hone para bhI

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230 visuddhimagga ekaM pi "upekSAsatipArisuddhiM" ti na vuttaM / idha pana vitakAdipaccanIkadhammatejAbhibhavAbhAvA sabhAgAya ca upekkhAvedanArattiyA paTilAbhA ayaM tatramajjhattupekkhA candalekhA ati viya prisuddhaa| tassA parisuddhattA parisuddhacandalekhAya pabhA viya sahajAtA pi satiAdayo parisuddhA honti pariyodAtA / tasmA idameva "upekkhAsatipArisuddhiM"ti vuttaM ti veditabbaM / 84. catutthaM ti| gaNanAnupubbatA catutthaM / idaM catutthaM samApajjatI ti catutthaM / yaM pana vuttaM "ekaGgavippahInaM duvaGgasamantrAgataM" ti, tattha somanassassa pahAnavasena ekaGgavippahInatA veditabbA / taM ca pana somanassaM ekavIthiyaM purimajavanesu yeva phiiyti| tenassataM pahAnaGgaM ti vuccati / upekkhAvedanA cittassekaggatA ti imesaM pana dvinaM uppattivasena duvaGgasamannAgatatA veditbbaa| sesaM paThamajhAne vuttanayameva || esa tAva catukaNjhAne nyo|| paJcakajjhAnakathA 85. paJcakajjhAnaM pana nibbattentena paguNapaThamajjhAnato vuTThAya "ayaM samApatti AsannanIvaraNapaccatthikA, vitakassa oLArikattA aGgadubbalA" ti ca tattha dosaM ditvA dutiyajjhAnaM santato manasikaritvA paThamajhAne nikantiM pariyAdAya dutiyAdhigamAya yogo kaatbbo| athassa yadA paThamajjhAnA vuTThAya satassa sampajAnassa jhAnaGgAni paccavekkhato vitakamattaM oLArikato upaTThAti, vicArAdayo sntto| tadAssa oLArikaGgappahAnAya santaGgapaTilAbhAya ca tadeva nimittaM "pathavI, pathavI" ti punappunaM manasikaroto vuttanayeneva prathama dhyAna Adi meM aparizuddha hotI hai| usake aparizuddha hone se, dina meM aparizuddha candralekhA ke samAna sahajAta smRti Adi bhI aparizuddha hI hotI haiN| isaliye una dhyAnoM meM se eka ko bhI 'upekSAsmRtiparizuddhi vAlA nahIM kahA gayA hai| kintu yahA~ caturtha dhyAna meM vitarka Adi pratipakSa dharmoM ke teja se abhibhUta na hone se evaM sabhAga upekSAvedanA rAtri ke lAbha se yaha tatramadhyastha upekSA-candralekhA atyadhika parizuddha hotI hai| usake parizuddha hone se parizuddha candralekhA kI prabhA ke samAna sahajAta smRti Adi bhI parizuddha evaM spaSTa hotI haiN| isIliye isI dhyAna ko 'upekSA-smRti-parizuddhi vAlA' kahA gayA hai-aisA jAnanA caahiye| .. 84. catutthaM-(caturtha)-gaNanAkrama meM caturtha / yaha cauthI bAra prApta hotA hai, ataH caturtha hai| jo yaha kahA gayA hai-ekaGgavippahInaM duvaGgasamannAgataM "eka aGga se rahita honA jAnanA caahiye| aura vaha saumanasya usI vidhi ke prathama javanoM meM hI prahINa hotA hai| isaliye usa saumanasya ko usakA prahANAGga kahA jAtA hai| upekSA-vedanA, citta kI ekAgratA-ina do kI utpatti ke rUpa meM do aGgoM se yukta honA jAnanA caahiye| zeSa prathama dhyAna meM ukta vidhi anusAra hI hai|| yaha (uparyukta samasta varNana) cAra dhyAna mAnane vAlI vidhi ke anusAra hai|| pazaka dhyAna 85. paJcaka dhyAna (=pA~ca bhedoM vAlA dhyAna) utpanna karane vAle ko abhyasta prathama dhyAna se uThakara, "yaha samApatti samIpa ke nIvaraNoM kI virodhI hai, vitarka kI sthUlatA ke kAraNa durbala aGga vAlI hai" isa prakAra usameM doSa dekhakara dvitIya dhyAna kI ora zAntipUrvaka mana lagAkara, prathama dhyAna kI kAmanA chor3akara dvitIya dhyAna kI prApti ke liye udyoga karanA caahiye| taba jisa samaya prathama dhyAna se uThakara smRtimAn, samprajanyayukta bhikSu dhyAna ke aGgoM kA pratyavekSaNa karatA hai, usa samaya use kevala vitarka sthUla rUpa meM pratIta hotA hai aura vicAra Adi zAnta aGgoM kI prApti ke liye

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4. pathavIkasiNaniddesa 231 dutiyajjhAnaM uppajjati / tassa vitakamattameva pahAnaGgaM / vicArAdIni cattAri smnnaagtaani| sesaM vuttppkaarmev| evamadhigate pana tasmi pi vuttanayeneva paJcahAkArehi ciNNavasinA hutvA paguNadutiyajjhAnato vuTThAya "ayaM samApatti AsannavitakapaccatthikA, vicArassa oLArikattA aGgadubbalA" ti ca tattha dosaM disvA tatiyajjhAnaM santato manasikaritvA dutiyajjhAne nikanti pariyAdAya tatiyAdhigamAya yogo kaatbbo| athassa yadA dutiyajjhAnato vuTThAya satassa sampajAnassa jhAnaGgAni paccavekkhato vicAramattaM oLArikato upaTThAti, pItiAdIni sntto| tadAssa oLArikaGgapahAnAya santaGgapaTilAbhAya ca tadeva nimittaM "pathavI, pathavI" ti punappunaM manasikaroto vuttanayeneva tatiyajjhAnaM upjjti| tassa vicAramattameva pahAnaGga, catukanayassa dutiyajjhAne viya pItiAdIni tINi smnnaagtnggaani| sesaM vuttappakArameva / 86. iti yaM catukanaye dutiyaM, taM dvidhA bhinditvA paJcakanaye dutiyaM ceva tatiyaM ca hoti| yAni ca tattha tatiyacatutthAni, tAni ca catutthapaJcamAni honti| paThamaM paThamamevA ti| iti sAdhujanapAmojatthAya kate visuddhimagge samAdhibhAvanAdhikAre pathavIkasiNaniddeso nAma catuttho pricchedo|| usI nimitta 'pRthvI, pRthvI' ko bArambAra mana meM lAtA hai, taba ukta vidhi se hI dvitIya dhyAna utpanna hotA hai| vitarkamAtra hI usakA prahANAGga hai| jabaki catuSka naya meM dvitIya dhyAna ke prahANAGga vitarka aura vicAra donoM hI haiN| zeSa pUrvokta vidhi se hI hai| isa prakAra usa dvitIya dhyAna ko prApta kara lene para, usameM kahI gayI vidhi ke anusAra pA~ca prakAra kI vizeSatAe~ prApta kara lene para, abhyasta dvitIya dhyAna se uThakara "yaha samApatti-vitarka kI samIpavartinI hai, vicAra kI sthUlatA ke kAraNa durbala aGgavAlI hai"-isa prakAra usameM doSa dekhakara, tRtIya dhyAna kI ora zAntipUrvaka mana lagAkara, dvitIya dhyAna kI kAmanA chor3akara, tRtIya kI prApti ke liye udyoga karanA caahiye| taba jisa samaya dvitIya dhyAna se uTha kara smRtimAn samprajanyayukta bhikSu ko dhyAnAGgoM kA pratyavekSaNa karate samaya kevala vicAra sthUla pratIta hotA hai aura prIti Adi zAnta; taba sthUla aGga ke prahANa evaM zAnta aGgoM kI prApti ke liye usI nimitta 'pRthvI, pRthvI' ko bArambAra mana meM lAte hue ukta prakAra se hI tRtIya dhyAna utpanna hotA hai| usakA prahANAGga vicAramAtra hI hai, catuSkanaya ke dvitIya dhyAna ke samAna prIti Adi samanvAgata (=yukta) aGga hote haiN| zeSa pUrvokta prakAra se hI hai| 86 isa prakAra jo catuSkanaya meM dvitIya hai, use do bhAgoM meM bA~Ta dene se, arthAt catuSkanaya meM jo dvitIya dhyAna hai-"avitarkavicAramAtra, avitarka-avicAra, use do bhAgoM meM bA~Ta dene se, paJcakanaya ke dvitIya aura tRtIya dhyAna hote haiN| (kintu sUtrAntoM meM svarUpataH paJcakanaya kA grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai|) jo vahA~ catuSkanaya meM tRtIya aura caturtha dhyAna haiM, ve hI paJcakanaya meM caturtha aura paJcama dhyAna hote haiN| sAdhujanoM ke pramoda hetu viracita vizuddhimArga grantha ke samAdhibhAvanAdhikAra meM pRthvIkasiNanirdeza nAmaka caturtha pariccheda smaat||

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sesakasiNaniddeso (paJcamo paricchedo) ApokasiNakathA 1. idAni pathavIkasiNAnantare ApokasiNe vitthArakathA hoti| yatheva hi pathavIkasiNaM, evaM ApokasiNaM pi bhAvetukAmena sukhanisinnena Apasmi nimittaM gaNhitabbaM,"kate vA akate vA" ti sabbaM vitthAretabbaM / yathA ca idha, evaM sabbattha / ito paraM hi ettakaM pi avatvA visesamattameva vkkhaam|| 2. idhA pi pubbekatAdhikArassa pujavato akate Apasmi pokkharaNiyA vA taLAke vA loNiyaM vA samudde vA nimittaM uppajjati cULasIvattherassa viy| tassa kirAyasmato 'lAbhasakAraM pahAya vivittavAsaM vasissAmI' ti mahAtitthe nAvaM AruhitvA jambudIpaM gacchato antarA mahAsamudaM olokayato tappaTibhAgaM kasiNanimittaM udpaadi| 3. akatAdhikArena cattAro kasiNadose pariharantena nIla-pIta-lohitodAtavaNNAnaM aJjataravaNNaM ApaM agahetvA yaM pana bhUmiM asampattameva AkAse suddhavatthena gahitaM udakaM, anaM vA tathArUpaM vippasannaM anAvilaM, tena pattaM vA kuNDikaM vA samatittikaM pUretvA vihArapaccante vuttappakAre paTicchanne okAse ThapetvA sukhanisinnena na vaNNo pccvekkhitbbo| zeSakasiNanirdeza , (paJcama pariccheda) ApokasiNa 1. aba pRthvIkasiNa ke pazcAt, Apo (saMskRta-'ApaH' jala) kasiNa kI vyAkhyA kI jA rahI hai| pRthvIkasiNa ke samAna hI, ApokasiNa ke bhAvanAbhilASI, sukhapUrvaka AsIna bhikSu ko jala meM nimitta kA grahaNa karanA cAhiye / 'kRta yA akRta' Adi (pRthvIkasiNa ke prasaGga meM pR0 171 para kahe gaye) sabakA yahA~ bhI vistAra kara unheM samajhanA caahiye| tathA jaise yahA~ jalakasiNa ke sambandha meM vaise hI isa adhyAya meM Age bhI sarvatra isa artha kI yojanA karanI cAhiye / (kyoMki) Age hama isakI punarAvRtti na karate hue, kevala bhedoM kA hI ullekha kreNge| 2. pRthvIkasiNa ke samAna yahA~ bhI, pUrvajanma meM ApokasiNa kA abhyAsa kara cuke puNyavAn ko akRta jala, jaise puSkariNI, tAlAba, lavaNika (=samudra ke samAna lavaNayukta jala se bharA huA jalAzaya) yA samudra meM nimitta utpanna hotA hai, cULasIva sthavira ke samAna / una AyuSmAn ko "lAbha satkAra ko tyAgakara ekAntavAsa karU~gA"-aisA socakara mahAtIrtha (zrIlaGkA kA eka prAcIna bandaragAha) se nAva me baiThakara jambUdvIpa (=bhAratavarSa) jAte samaya, bIca mArga meM mahAsamudra ko dekhate hue usa samudra ke samAna (pratibhAga) kasiNa-nimitta utpanna huaa| 3. jisane pUrva janma meM abhyAsa nahIM kiyA hai, use pRthvIkasiNa meM vyAkhyAta (pRSTha 171) ke kasiNa ke cAra doSoM se dUra rahate hue, jala ko nIla-pIta-lohita-avadAta-inameM se kisI eka raMga kA rUpa grahaNa na karate hue jo bhUmi para girane ke pUrva hI AkAza se zuddha vastra dvArA ropa kara grahaNa kiyA gayA ho yA usI prakAra kA svaccha, nirmala ho, usase pAtra yA 'kuNDika' (=cAra pAye vAle jala-pAtra) ko Upara kinAre taka bharakara, vihAra me ekAnta sthAna para jAkara, ukta prakAra se ghire

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5. sesakasiNaniddesa 233 na lakkhaNaM manasi kAtabbaM / nissayasavaNNameva katvA ussadavasena paNNattidhamme cittaM ThapetvA ambu, udakaM, vAri, salilaM ti AdIsu AponAmesu pAkaTanAmavaseneva "Apo, Apo" ti bhAvetabbaM / ___4. tassevaM bhAvayato anukkamena vuttanayeneva nimittadvayaM uppajjati / idha pana uggahanimittaM calamAnaM viya upaTThAti, sace pheNapupphuLakamissaM udakaM hoti, tAdisameva upaTThAti, kasiNadoso paayti| paTibhAganimittaM pana nipparipphandaM AkAse ThapitamaNitAlavaNTaM viya maNimayAdAsamaNDalaM viya ca hutvA upaTThAti / so tassa saha upaTThAneneva upacArajjhAnaM, vuttanayeneva catukapaJcakajjhAnAni ca pApuNAtI ti| aapoksinnN|| tejokasiNakathA 5. tejokasiNaM bhAvetukAmenA pi tejasmi nimittaM gaNhitabbaM / tattha katAdhikArassa puJjavato akate nimittaM gaNhantassa dIpasikhAya vA uddhane vA pattapacanaTThAne vA davadAhe vA yattha katthaci aggijAlaM olokentassa nimittaM uppajjati cittaguttattherassa viya / tassa hAyasmato dhamessavanadivase uposathAgAraM paviTThassa dIpasikhaM olokentasseva nimittaM uppjji| . 6. itarena pana kAtabvaM / tatridaM karaNavidhAnaM-siniddhAni sAradArUni phAletvA sukkhApetvA ghaTikaM ghaTikaM katvA paTirUpaM rukkhamUlaM vA maNDapaM vA gantvA pattapacanAkArena hue sthAna meM rakhakara, sukhapUrvaka baiThakara, na nIlavarNa kA pratyavekSaNa karanA cAhiye, aura na lakSaNa ko hI mana meM lAnA caahiye| varNa ko usake AdhAra (=bhautika dharAtala, arthAt pAtra ke dharAtala) se sambaddha samajhate hue, pramukhataH prajJaptidharma (nAma) meM citta ko sthira kara jala ke vibhinna nAmoM-ambu, udaka, vAri, salila-Adi meM sarvAdhika spaSTa hone se 'ApaH ApaH' ('jala-jala)-isa prakAra bhAvanA karanI caahiye| 4. jaba vaha isa prakAra bhAvanA karatA hai, taba kramazaH ukta prakAra se hI (dra0-visu0, caturtha pariccheda pR0 174) nimittadvaya utpanna hotA hai| kintu yahA~ udgraha-nimitta calAyamAna sA upasthita hotA hai, yadi phena ke bulabuloM se mizrita jala ho to usI prakAra kA upasthita hotA hai, pratIta hotA hai aura kasiNa kA doSa jJAta hotA hai| kintu pratibhAganimitta AkAza meM rakhe hue maNimaya paMkhe aura maNimaya darpaNa ke samAna sthira hokara upasthita hotA hai| vaha bhikSu usa pratibhAganimitta ke upasthita hone ke sAtha hI upacAradhyAna ko evaM ukta prakAra se caturtha paJcaka dhyAna ko prApta karatA hai| ApokasiNa kA varNana smaapt|| tejokasiNa 5. tejokasiNa (teja kRtya) kI bhAvanA karane ke abhilASI sAdhaka ko bhI teja meM nimitta kA grahaNa karanA caahiye| jisane isakA abhyAsa pUrva janma meM kiyA ho, aise puNyavAn, akRta nimitta kA grahaNa karane vAle ko dIpa-zikhA meM, cUlhe, bartana pakAne ke sthAna, dAvAnala meM yA jahA~ kahIM bhI agnipuJja ko dekhate hue nimitta utpanna hotA hai, citragupta sthavira ke samAna / una AyuSmAn ko dharmazravaNa ke dina uposathagRha meM praveza karane para dIpazikhA ko dekhate dekhate nimitta utpanna ho gayA thaa| 6. dUsaroM ko kasiNa-maNDala banAnA caahiye|

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234 visuddhimagga rAsiM katvA AlimpetvA kaTasArake vA camme vA paTe vA vidatthicaturaGgalappamANaM chidaM kAtabbaM / taM purato ThapetvA vuttanayeneva nisIditvA heTThA tiNakaTuM vA upari dhUmasikhaM vA amanasikaritvA vemajjhe ghanajAlAya nimittaM gaNhitabbaM / nIlaM ti vA, pItaM ti vA ti Adivasena vaNNo na paccavekkhitabbo / uNhattavasena lakkhaNaM na manasi kAtabbaM / nissayasavaNNameva katvA ussadavasena paNNattidhamme cittaM ThapetvA pAvako, kaNhavattanI, jAtavedo, hutAsano ti AdIsu agginAmesu pAkaTanAmavaseneva "tejo, tejo" ti bhAvetabbaM / 7. tassevaM bhAvayato anukkamena vuttanayeneva nimittadvayaM uppajjati / tattha uggahanimittaM jAlaM chijjitvA chijjitvA patanasadisaM hutvA upaTThAti / akate gaNhantassa pana kasiNadoso pAyati, alAtakhaNDaM vA aGgArapiNDo vA chArikA vA dhUmo vA upaTThAti / paTibhAganimittaM niccalaM AkAse ThapitarattakambalakhaNDaM viya suvaNNatAlavaNTaM viya kaJcanatthambho viya ca uptttthaati| so tassa saha upaTThAneneva upacArajjhAnaM, vuttanayeneva catukkapaJcakajjhAnAni pApuNAtI ti|| tejoksinnN|| vAyokasiNakathA 8. vAyokasiNaM bhAvetukAmenA pi vAyusmi nimittaM gaNhitabbaM / taM ca kho diTThavasena vA phuTThavasena vaa| vuttaM hetaM aTThakathAsu-"vAyokasiNaM uggaNhanto vAyusmi nimittaM gaNhAti, ucchaggaM vA eritaM sameritaM upalakkheti, veLuggaM vA....pe0.... rukkhaggaM vA kesaggaM vA eritaM sameritaM upalakkheti, kAyasmi vA phuTuM upalakkhetI" ti| tasmA samasIsaTTitaM dhanapattaM ucchaM vA usake banAne kI vidhi yaha hai-moTI-moTI gIlI lakar3iyoM ko cIrakara, sukhAkara unheM khaNDazaH Tukar3e-Tukar3e karake kara yogya vRkSa ke nIce yA maNDapa meM jAkara, jaise bartana pakAne ke liye banAyA jAtA hai, vaise Dhera (rAzi) banAkara, Aga lagAkara, bore, camar3e yA kapar3e meM eka bAlizta cAra aGgula pramANa kA eka cheda banAnA caahiye| use agni ke sAmane laTakAkara pUrvokta prakAra se nIce baiThakara tRNa kASTha yA Upara ke dhuMe va lapaTa kI ora dhyAna na dete hue madhyavartI saghana jvAlA meM nimitta grahaNa karanA cAhiye / yaha nIlA hai yA pIlA hai-Adi prakAra se varNa kA pratyavekSaNa nahIM karanA caahiye| athavA, uSNatva ke rUpa meM isakA lakSaNa mana meM nahIM lAnA caahiye| isake varNa ko isake AdhAra se sambandhita mAnate hue pramukhataH prajJapti dharma meM citta ko sthira para, 'pAvaka', 'kRSNavAM' 'jAtaveda' 'hutAzana' Adi agni ke nAmoM meM 'teja' yaha spaSTa nAma hone se 'teja, teja"-isa prakAra bhAvanA karanI caahiye| 7. jaba vaha isa prakAra se bhAvanA karatA hai, taba kramazaH ukta prakAra se hI nimitta-dvaya utpanna hotA hai| inameM udgrahanimitta agni kI lapaTa ke lapalapAte hue nIce kI ora jhukane ke samAna upasthita hotA hai| kintu akRta (=maNDala Adi meM jAnabUjha kara na jalAyI gayI agni meM) nimitta grahaNa karane vAle ko kasiNa kA doSa jAna par3atA hai, jalI huI lakar3I ke kunde (=alAtakhaNDa), koyalA, rAkha yA dhuMA jAna par3ate haiN| pratibhAganimitta nizcala AkAza meM rakhe gaye lAla kambala ke Tukar3e ke samAna svarNanirmita patra ke samAna yA svarNanirmita stambha ke samAna jAna par3atA hai| vaha usa pratibhAganimitta ke upasthita hone ke sAtha hI upacAra dhyAna ko aura ukta prakAra se catuSka paJcaka dhyAnoM ko prApta kara letA hai|| tejokasiNa kA varNana samApta / /

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5. sesakasiNaniddesa 235 veNuM vA rukkhaM vA caturaGgulappamANaM ghanakesassa purisassa sIsaM vA vAtena pahariyamAnaM disvA " ayaM vAto etasmi ThAne paharatI" ti satiM ThapetvA, yaM vA panassa vAtapAnantarikAya vA bhittichiddena vA pavisitvA vAto kAyappadesaM paharati, tattha satiM ThapetvA vAta- mAlutaanilAdIsu vAyunAmesu pAkaTanAmavaseneva "vAto, vAto" ti bhAvetabbaM / idha uggahanimittavaDUnato otAritamattassa pAyAsassa usumavaTTisadisaM calaM hutvA upaTThAti / paTibhAganimittaM sannisinnaM hoti niccalaM / sesaM vRttanayeneva veditabbaM ti // vAyokasiNaM // nIlakasiNakathA 9. tadanantaraM pana " nIlakasiNaM uggahanto nIlakasmi nimittaM gaNhAti pupphasmi vA vatthasmi vA vaNNadhAtuyA vA" ti vacanato katAdhikArassa puJJavato tAva tathArUpaM mAlAgacchaM vA pUjAThAnesu pupphasantharaM vA nIlavatthamaNInaM vA aJJataraM disvA va nimittaM uppajjati / itarena nIluppalagirikaNNikAdIni pupphAni gahetvA yathA kesalaM vA vaNTaM vA na paJJAyati, evaM caGgoTakaM vA karaNDapaTalaM vA pattehi yeva samatittikaM pUretvA santharitabbaM / nIlavaNNena vA vatthena bhaNDikaM bandhitvA pUretabbaM / mukhavaTTiyaM vA assa bheritalamiva bandhibbaM / kaMsanIla - palAsanIla-aJjananIlAnaM vA aJJatarena dhAtunA pathavIkasiNe vAyukasiNa 8. vAyukasiNa kI bhAvanA ke abhilASI sAdhaka ko vAyu meM nimitta grahaNa karanA cAhiye / evaM vaha dekhakara yA sparza kara kiyA jA sakatA hai| aTThakathAoM meM kahA bhI gayA hai-"vAyukasiNa kA abhyAsa karate hue vAyu meM nimitta kA grahaNa karatA hai, hilate-Dulate Ikha ke paudhe ke agra bhAga ko dhyAna se dekhatA hai (upalakSita karatA hai), yA hilate-Dulate bA~sa, vRkSa yA keza ke agrabhAga ko dhyAna se dekhatA hai yA kAyA para vAyu ke sparza para dhyAna detA hai / " ataH eka samAna agrabhAga vAle saghana pattoM se yukta Ikha, bA~sa, vRkSa yA puruSa ke sira para cAra aGgula kI lambAI vAle saghana kezoM ko havA se pratAr3ita hote dekhakara "yaha havA usa sthAna para prahAra kara rahI hai" - isa prakAra smRti banAye hue athavA jo vAyu khir3akI yA jharokhe se praveza kara kAyA para prahAra karatI hai, usameM smRti banAye hue, 'vAyu', 'mAruta', 'anila' Adi vAyu ke nAmoM meM se spaSTa nAma hone ke kAraNa "vAyu, vAyu " - isa prakAra kI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| yahA~ udgrahanimitta cUlhe se abhI-abhI utArI huI khIra kI gola-gola ghUmatI huI bhApa ke samAna jAna par3atA hai| pratibhAganimitta sthira, nizcala hotA hai| zeSa pUrvokta prakAra se hI jAnanA cAhiye / / vAyukasiNa kA varNana samApta / / nIlakasiNa 9. tatpazcAt, "nIla kaMsiNa kA grahaNa karane vAlA nIle phUla, vastra yA nIle raMga kI dhAtu meM nimitta grahaNa karatA hai" - isa vacana ke anusAra, pUrvajanma meM abhyAsa kara cuke puNyavAn ko vaise nIle phUloM kI jhAr3I, pUjA ke sthAna para bichAye gaye phUloM yA nIle vastra yA nIlamaNi meM se kisI eka ko dekhakara nimitta utpanna hotA hai| dUsaroM ko nIlotpala (= nIlakamala) girikarNika Adi phUloM ko lekara / jaise phUla ke kesara yA DaMThala na dikhAyI deM, usa prakAra DaliyA yA TokarI ko phUloM se yA phUloM kI paMkhur3iyoM se hI eka samAna bharakara phailA denA caahiye| yA nIle vastra ke phUloM kI AkRti vAle gucche banAkara TokarI yA DaliyA ko bharanA cAhiye yA nIle vastra ko DaliyA yA TokarI

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236 visuddhimagga vuttanayena saMhArimaM vA bhittiyaM yeva vA kasiNamaNDalaM katvA visabhAgavaNNena paricchinditabbaM / tato pathavIkasiNe vuttanayena "nIlaM, nIlaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| idhApi uggahanimitte kasiNadoso pAyati, kesaradaNDakapattantarikAdIni uptttthhnti| paTibhAganimittaM kasiNamaNDalato muJcitvA AkAse maNitAlavaNTasadisaM upaTThAti / tesaM vuttanayeneva veditabbaM ti|| niilksinnN|| pItakasiNakathA 10. pItakasiNe pi eseva nayo / vuttaM hetaM-"pItakasiNaM uggaNhanto pItakasmi nimittaM gaNhAti pupphasmi vA vatthasmi vA vaNNadhAtuyA vA" ti / tasmA idhA pi katAdhikArassa pujavato tathArUpaM mAlAgacchaM vA pupphasantharaM vA pItavatthadhAtUnaM vA aJjataraM disvA va nimittaM uppajjati cittaguttattherassa viya! tassa kirAyasmato cittalapabbate pataGgapupphehi kataM AsanapUjaM passato saha dassaneneva AsanappamANaM nimittaM udpaadi| itarena kaNikArapuSpAdinA vA pItavatthena vA dhAtunA vA nIlakasiNe vuttanayeneva kasiNaM katvA "pItakaM, pItakaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| sesaM tAdisamevA ti|| piitksinnN|| lohitakasiNakathA 11. lohitakasiNe pi eseva nyo| vuttaM hetaM-"lohitakasiNaM uggaNhato ke mukha para bA~dhanA cAhiye, jisase ki vaha nagAr3e ke tala ke samAna lge| yA pRthvIkasiNa ke prasaGga meM kahe anusAra hI, kA~se ke samAna nIlI, palAsa (=patte) ke samAna nIlI arthAt nIlimA liye hue harI yA aana ke samAna nIlI kisI dhAta se le jAne yogya yA kisI dIvAra para hI kasiNamaNDala banAkara, usakI pRSThabhUmi ko viSama varNa se banA denA caahiye| (yaha pAli zabda 'nIla', jo saMskRta se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, nIle hare evaM kabhI-kabhI kAle raMga kA bhI sUcaka hotA hai|) taba pRthvIkasiNa ke prasaGga meM batalAye gaye vidhi-prakAra se hI, "nIlA-nIlA" isa prakAra mana meM lAnA cAhiye / yahA~ bhI udgrahanimitta meM kasiNa kA doSa dikhalAyI detA hai; kesara, DaNThala evaM paMkhur3iyoM ke bIca meM khAlI sthAna spaSTa pratIta hote haiN| pratibhAganimitta kasiNamaNDala se svatantra rUpa meM, AkAza meM indranIla maNi ke paMkhe ke samAna jAna par3atA hai| zeSa ukta prakAra se hI jAnanA caahiye|| nIlakasiNa kA varNana samApta / / pItakasiNa 10.pIta (pIle) kasiNa meM bhI yahI vidhi hai| kyoMki kahA gayA hai-"pIle kasiNa kA grahaNa karane vAlA pIle phUla, vastra yA (pIle) raMga vAlI dhAtu meM nimitta grahaNa karatA hai| isaliye yahA~ bhI, pUrvajanma meM abhyAsa kara cuke puNyavAn ko phUloM kI jhAr3I , bichAe hue phUlo, pIle vastra yA dhAtu meM se kisI eka ko dekhane para nimitta utpanna hotA hai, citragupta sthavira ke samAna / una AyuSmAn ko cittala parvata para pataGga-puSpoM se kI gayI vedI-pUjA ko dekhate hI, Asana ke pramANa kA nimitta utpanna huaa| dUsaroM ko karNikAra ke phUla Adi se, pIle vastra yA dhAtu se nIlakasiNa meM batalAyI gayI vidhi ke anusAra hI kasiNa banAkara "pIlA, pIlA"-isa prakAra mana meM lAnA caahiye| zeSa vaisA hI hai| pItakasiNa kA varNana samApta / /

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5. sesakasiNaniddesa 237 lohitakasmi nimittaM gaNhAti pupphasmi vA vatthasmi vA vaNNadhAtuyA vA" ti| tasmA idhA pi katAdhikArassa puJjavato tathArUpaM bandhujIvakAdimAlAgacchaM vA pupphasantharaM vA lohitakavatthamaNidhAtUnaM ataraM disvA va nimittaM uppjjti|itren jayasumana-bandhujIvakarattakoraNDakAdipupphehi vA rattavatthena vA dhAtunA vA nIlakasiNe vuttanayeneva kasiNaM katvA "lohitakaM, lohitakaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| sesaM tAdisamevA ti|| lohitksinnN|| odAtakasiNakathA 12. odAtakasiNe pi "odAtakasiNaM uggaNhanto odAtasmi nimittaM gaNhAti pupphasmi vA vatthasmi vA vaNNadhAtuyA vA" ti vacanato katAdhikArassa tAva puJjavato tathArUpaM mAlAgacchaMvA vassikasumanAdipupphasantharaM vA kumudatipadumarAsiMvA odAtavatthadhAtUnaM vA aJjataraM disvA vanimittaM uppajjati, tipumaNDala-rajatamaNDala-candamaNDalesu pi uppajjati yev| itarena vuttappakArehi odAtapupphehi vA odAtavatthena vA dhAtunA vA nIlakasiNe vuttanayeneva kasiNaM katvA "odAtaM, odAtaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| sesaM tAdisamevA ti|| odaatksinnN|| AlokakasiNakathA 13. AlokakasiNe pana"AlokakasiNaM uggaNhanto Alokasmi nimittaMgaNhAti lohitakasiNa 11. lohita (lAla) kasiNa meM bhI yahI vidhi hai| kyoMki kahA gayA hai-"lohitakasiNa kA grahaNa karane vAlA lAla phUla, lAla vastra yA lAla raMgavAlI dhAtu meM nimitta grahaNa karatA hai|" isaliye yahA~ bhI pUrvajanma meM abhyAsa kara cuke puNyavAn ko vaise lAla raMga ke bandhujIvaka Adi yA phUloM kI jhAr3I, bichAye gaye phUloM, lAla vastra, maNi, dhAtuoM meM se kisI eka ko dekhakara hI nimitta utpanna ho jAtA hai| dUsaroM ko jayasumana, bandhujIvaka, raktakoraNDaka Adi puSpoM se yA lAla vastra yA dhAtu se, nIla kasiNa meM kathita vidhi ke anusAra hI kasiNa banAkara "lAla, lAla" isa prakAra mana meM lAnA caahiye| zeSa pUrvokta jaisA hI hai|| lohitakasiNa kA varNana smaapt|| avadAta (=zeta) kasiNa 12. zvetakasiNa meM bhI "zveta kasiNa kA grahaNa karane vAlA veta phUla, vastra yA (zveta) raMga vAlI dhAtu meM nimitta grahaNa karatA hai"-isa vacana ke anusAra, pUrva janma meM abhyAsa kara cuke puNyavAn ko vaise zveta raMga ke phUloM.yA jhAr3I, camelI Adi ke bichAye hue phUloM, zveta kamaloM ke samUha yA zveta vastra va dhAtu meM se kisI eka ko dekhakara nimitta utpanna hotA hai| sAtha hI, Tina se banAye gaye maNDala, rajata (=cA~dI) maNDala evaM candramaNDala meM bhI utpanna hotA hai| dUsaroM ko ukta prakAra se zveta puSpoM, zveta vastra yA dhAtu se nIlakasiNa meM kahe gaye ke anusAra hI kasiNa banAkara "zveta, veta" isa prakAra mana meM lAnA caahiye|| avadAtakasiNa kA varNana samApta / / Aloka (=prakAza) kasiNa 13. AlokakasiNa meM "Aloka kasiNa kA grahaNa karane vAlA jherokhe, yA usa cheda meM

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238 visuddhimagga bhittichidde vA tAlacchidde vA vAtapAnantarikAya vA" ti vacanato katAdhikArassa tAva puJavato yaM bhittichiddAdInaM aatarena suriyAloko vA candAloko vA pavisitvA bhittiyaM vA bhUmiyaM vA maNDalaM samuTThApeti, ghanapaNNarukkhasAkhantarena vA ghanasAkhAmaNDapantarena vA nikkhamitvA bhUmiyameva maNDalaM samuTThApeti, taM disvA va nimittaM uppjjti| itarenA pi tadeva vRttappakAraM obhAsamaNDalaM "obhAso,obhAso" ti vA "Aloko, Aloko" ti vA bhAvetabbaM / tathA asakkontena ghaTe dIpaM jAletvA ghaTamukhaM pidahitvA ghaTe chidaM katvA bhittimukhaM ThapetabbaM / tena chiddena dIpAloko nikkhamitvA bhittiyaM maNDalaM karoti, taM "Aloko Aloko" ti bhAvetabbaM / idaM itarehi ciraTThitikaM hoti| idha uggahanimittaM bhittiyA vA bhUmiyaM vA udvitamaNDalasadisameva hoti| paTibhAganimittaM ghanavippasannaM aalokpunyjsdisN| sesaM tAdisamevA ti| aalokksinnN|| paricchinnAkAsakasiNakathA 14. parichinAkAsakasiNe pi "AkAsakasiNaM uggaNhanto AkAsasmi nimittaM gaNhati bhittichidde vA tALacchidde vA vAtapAnantarikAya vA" ti vacanato katAdhikArassa tAva pujavato bhittichiddAdIsu aJjataraM disvA va nimittaM uppajjati / itarena succhannamaNDape vA cammakaTasArakAdInaM vA aJjatarasmi vidatthicaturaGgalappamANa chidaM katvA tadeva vA bhittichiddAdibhedaM chidaM "AkAso, AkAso"ti bhAvetabbaM / idha uggahanimittaM saddhiM bhittijisameM tAlI lagAkara tAlA kholA jAtA hai (-tAla-chidra) yA khir3akI meM se Ate hue prakAza meM nimitta grahaNa karatA hai"-isa vacana ke anusAra, pUrvajanma meM abhyAsa kara cuke puNyavAn ko, jo sUrya yA candra kA prakAza jharokhe (gavAba) Adi meM se kisI eka se praveza kara dIvAra yA bhUmi para golAkAra par3atA hai yA saghana pattoM vAle vRkSa kI zAkhAoM ke bIca se nikalakara yA saghana zAkhAmaNDapa ke bIca se nikala kara bhUmi para golAkAra par3atA hai, use dekhakara nimitta utpanna hotA hai| dUsaroM ko bhI usI taraha batalAye gaye prakAra se "avabhAsa, avabhAsa" yA "Aloka, Aloka" isa prakAra avamAsamaNDala kI bhAvanA karanI caahiye| jo aisA na kara sake, use cAhiye ki sambhavataH miTTI ke ghar3e meM dIpaka rkhe| ghar3e kA mukha banda kara, ghar3e meM cheda kara de aura usa cheda kA mukha dIvAra kI ora karake rakha de| usa cheda se dIpaka kA prakAza nikala kara dIvAra para golAkAra pdd'egaa| use dekhate hue "Aloka, Aloka" isa prakAra bhAvanA karanI caahiye| yaha ghar3e vAlA upAya anyoM kI apekSA cirasthAyI hotA hai; kyoMki sUrya-candra kA prakAza khisakatA rahatA hai aura sadaiva upalabdha bhI nahIM hotA / yahA~ udgraha-nimitta dIvAra para yA bhUmi para bane hue prakAza ke maNDala (golAkAra) ke samAna hI hotA hai; pratibhAganimitta saghana, teja prakAza-pu. ke samAna / zeSa pUrvokta jaisA hI hai|| AlokakasiNa kA varNana samApta / / paricchinnAkAzakasiNa 14. paricchinnAkAza (=parimita khAlI sthAna)-kasiNa meM bhI AkAzakasiNa kA grahaNa karane vAlA jharokhe, tAla-chidra yA khir3akI ke AkAza meM nimitta grahaNa karatA hai"-isa vacana ke anusAra pUrvajanma meM abhyAsa kara cuke puNyavAn ko dIvAra meM bane chidra (jharokhe) Adi meM se kisI eka ko dekhakara hI nimitta utpanna ho jAtA hai| dUsare sAdhaka ko acchI taraha se chAye hue maNDapa, camar3e, TATa Adi meM se kisI eka meM eka bAlizta cAra aGgula pramANa kA cheda banAkara yA usI

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5. sesakasiNaniddesa 239 pariyantAdIhi chiddasadisameva hoti, vaSTiyamAnaM pina vddddti|pttibhaagnimittN AkAsaNDalameva hutvA upaTThAti, vaDDiyamAnaM ca vddddti| sesaM pathavIkasiNe vuttanayeneva veditabbaM ti|| pricchitraakaasksinnN|| iti kasiNAni dasabalo dasa yAni avoca sbbdhmmdso| rUpAvacaramhi ___ctukpnyckjhaanhetuuni|| evaM tAni ca tesaM ca bhAvanAnayamimaM viditvaan| tesveva ayaM bhiyyo pakiNNakakathA pi vijeyyaa|| pakiNNakakathA 15. imesu hi pathavIkasiNavasena eko pi hutvA bahudhA hotI ti AdibhAvo, AkAso vA udake vA pathaviM nimminitvA padasA gamanaM, ThAnanisajjAdikappanaM vA, parittaappamANanayena abhibhAyatanapaTilAbho ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 16. ApokasiNavasena pathaviyaM ummujjananimujjanaM, udakavuTThisamuppAdanaM, nadIsamudAdinimmAnaM, pathavIpabbatapAsAdAdInaM kampanaM ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 27. tejokasiNavasena dhUmAyanA, pajjalanA, aGgAravuTThisamuppAdanaM, tejasA tejopariyAdAnaM, yadeva so icchati tassa DahanasamatthatA, dibbena cakkhunA rUpadassanatthAya AlokakaraNaM, parinibbAnasamaye tejodhAtuyA sarIjjhApanaM ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 18. vAyokasiNavasena vAyugatigamana, vAtavuTThisamuppAdanaM ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| pUrvokta jharokhe Adi ke cheda meM,"AkAza, AkAza" isa prakAra bhAvanA karanI caahiye| yahA~ usa chidra ke samAna hI jo dIvAra se ghirA hotA hai, udgrahanimitta hotA hai, jo bar3hAne kA prayAsa karane para bar3hatA nahIM hai| pratibhAganimitta AkAzamaNDala ke samAna hI pratIta hotA hai aura bar3hAne kA prayAsa karane para bar3hatA hai| zeSa, pRthvIkasiNa meM batalAyI gayI vidhi ke anusAra hI, jAnanA caahiye| paricchinnAkAzakasiNa kA varNana samApta / / prakIrNaka (=saMgraha) isa prakAra sarvadharmadarzI, dazabala (bhagavAn buddha) ne rUpAvacara (bhUmi) meM catuSka-paJcaka dhyAnoM ke hetu (bhUta) jina dasa kasiNoM ko batalAyA hai, unako aura unakI bhAvanA kI isa vidhi ko isa prakAra jAnakara, unhIM meM isa atirikta prakIrNaka vivaraNa (=kasiNoM ke viSaya meM asAdhAraNa aura sAdhAraNa kathanoM ko ekatra kara kiye gaye vivaraNa) ko bhI jAnanA caahiye| kasiNa-siddhi kA mAhAtmya 15. inameM, pRthvIkasiNa kI bhAvanA meM siddhi prApta karane se "eka hokara bhI aneka ho jAtA hai" Adi kA honA, AkAza yA jala meM pRthvI nirmita kara paidala calanA, khar3A honA, baiThanA, Adi, paritra (=parimita) aura apramANa (=aparimita) vidhi se abhibhvAvayatana (nipuNatA ke AdhAra) kI prApti Adi asAdhAraNa kArya siddha hote haiN| 16. jalakasiNa se pRthvI meM DUbanA-utarAnA (unmajjana-nimajjana) jala barasAnA, nadI, .samudra Adi kA nirmANa, pRthvI, parvata, prAsAda Adi ko kampita karanA Adi siddhiyA~ AtI hai| 17. teja-kasiNa se dhuMA utpanna karanA, prajvalita honA, aGgAre barasAnA, agni se agni bujhAnA, jise cAhe use jalAne kA sAmarthya, divya cakSu dvArA rUpa dekhane ke liye prakAza karanA, parinirvANa ke samaya agnidhAtu se zarIra ko jalAnA Adi siddha hote haiN|

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240 visuddhimagga 19. nIlakasiNavasena nIlarUpanimmAnaM, andhakArakaraNaM, suvaNNadubbaNNanayena abhibhAyatanapaTilAbho, subhavimokkhAdhigamo ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 20. pItakasiNavasena pItakarUpanimmAnaM, suvaNNaM ti adhimuccanA, vuttanayeneva abhibhAyatanapaTilAbho, subhavimokkhAdhigamo cA ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 21. lohitakasiNavasena lohitakarUpanimmAnaM, vuttanayeneva abhibhAyatanapaTilAbho, subhavimokkhAdhigamo ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 22. odAtakasiNavasena odAtarUpanimmAnaM, thInamiddhassa dUrabhAvakaraNaM, andhakAravidhamanaM, dibbena cakkhunA rUpadassanatthAya AlokakaraNaM ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 23. AlokakasiNavasena sappabhArUpanimmAnaM, thInamiddhassa dUrabhAvakaraNaM, andhakAravidhamanaM, dibbena cakkhunA rUpadassanatthaM AlokakaraNaM ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 24. AkAsakasiNavasena paTicchannAnaM vivaTakaraNaM, antopathavIpabbatAdIsu pi AkAsaM nimminitvA iriyApathakappana, tirokuDDAdIsu asajjamAnagamanaM ti evamAdIni ijjhnti| 25. sabbAneva "uddhaM adho tiriyaM advayaM appamANaM" ti imaM pabhedaM labhanti / vuttaM hetaM "pathavIkasiNameko snyjaanaati| uddhamadhotiriyaM advayamappamANaM" ti aadi| 26. tattha uddhaM ti upari gaganatalAbhimukhaM / adho ti heTThAbhUmitalAbhimukhaM / tiriyaM ti| khettamaNDalamiva samantA paricchinditaM / ekacco hi uddhameva kasiNaM vaDDeti, ekacco 18. vAyukasiNa se havA kI cAla se (atizIghra) jAnA, A~dhI-tUphAna (vAtavRSTi) utpanna karanA Adi siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| 19. nIlakasiNa se nIle (=kRSNavarNa) rUpoM kA nirmANa, andhakAra karanA, suvarNa-durvaNa ke anusAra abhibhvAyatana kI prApti, 'zubha-vimokSa kI prApti Adi kRtya siddha hote haiN| 20.pItakasiNa se pIle rUpoM kA nirmANa,(nIlakasiNa ke prasaGga meM) ukta vidhi se (suvarNadurvarNa Adi prakAra se) kathita abhibhvAvAyatana evaM zubha vimokSa kI prApti Adi kRtya siddha hote haiN| 21. lauhitakasiNa se lAla rUpoM kA nirmANa, ukta prakAra se abhibhvAvayatana kI prApti, zubha-vimokSa kI prApti Adi siddha hote haiN| 22. avadAtakasiNa se zveta rUpoM kA nirmANa, styAna-mRddha kA dUra honA, andhakAra kA nAza, divyacakSu dvArA rUpa dekhane ke liye prakAza karanA Adi lokottara kRtya siddha hote haiN| 23. AlokakasiNa se prabhAsvara rUpoM kA nirmANa, styAnamRddha kA dUra honA, andhakAra kA nAza, divyacakSu se rUpa dekhane ke liye prakAza karanA Adi kRtyoM kI siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| 24. AkAzakasiNa se pracchanna (=Dhake hue) ko udghATita karanA, pRthvI-parvata Adi ke bIca bhI AkAza kA nirmANa kara IryApatha sampAdita karanA, bhitti (dIvAra) ke isa pAra se usa pAra nirbAdha rUpa se jAnA Adi siddha hote haiN| 25."Upara, nIce, samatala, advitIya, aparimita" yaha vargIkaraNa (=prabheda) sabhI kasiNoM para anivArya hai; kyoMki yaha kahA gayA hai-"pRthvIkasiNa ko jAnatA hai-Upara, nIce, samatala, advitIya, aparimita" aadi| 26. inameM uddhaM (Upara)-Upara AkAza tala kI ora / adho (nIce)-nIce bhUmi tala kI

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5. sesakasiNaniddesa 241 adho, ekacco smntto| tena tena vA kAraNena evaM pasAreti, Alokamiva dibbacakSunA ruupdssnkaamo| tena vuttaM uddhamadho tiriyaM ti| advayaM ti| idaM pana ekassa aJabhAvAnupagamanatthaM vuttaM / yathA hi udakaM paviTThassa sabbadisAsu udakameva hoti, na ajaM; evameva pathavIkasiNaM pathavIkasiNameva hoti,natthi tassa ao kasiNasambhedo ti / eseva nayo sabbattha / appamANaM ti / idaM tassa pharaNaappamANavasena vuttN| taM hi cetasA pharanto sakalameva phrti| na 'ayamassa Adi, idaM majhaM' ti pamANaM gaNhAtI ti| 27. ye ca te sattA kammAvaraNena vA samannAgatA, kilesAvaraNena vA samannAgatA, vipAkAvaraNena vA samannAgatA assaddhA acchandikA duppaJjA abhabbA niyAmaM okkamituM kusalesu dhammesu sammattaM ti vuttA, tesamekassApekakasiNe pi bhAvanA na ijjhti| 28. tattha kammAvaraNena samannAgatA ti|aanntriykmmsmnggino| kilesAvaraNena samannAgatA ti| niyatamicchAdiTThikA ceva ubhatobyaJjanakapaNDakA c| vipAkAvaraNena samannAgatA ti / ahetukpttisndhikaa|assddhaa ti|buddhaadiisu sddhaavirhitaa| acchandikA ti| apaccanIkapaTipadAyaM chndvirhitaa| duppA ti| lokiyalokuttarasammAdiTThiyA virhitaa| abhabbA niyAmaM okkamituM kusalesu dhammesu sammattaM ti| kusalesu dhammesu ora / tiriyaM (samatala)-kheta ke ghere ke samAna cAroM ora se parimita / koI-koI yogI kasiNa ko Upara kI ora se bar3hAtA hai, koI koI nIce kI ora yA koI koI cAroM ora! athavA divyacakSu dvArA rUpadarzana kA abhilASI usa usa kAraNa se prakAza ke samAna kasiNa kA isa prakAra prasAra karatA hai| isIliye kahA gayA hai-"Upara, nIce, smtl"| advayaM (advitIya)-yaha zabda isaliye kahA gayA hai ki aisI sthiti anya kisI ke sAtha nahIM hai| jisa prakAra jala meM praviSTa vyakti ke liye cAroM dizAoM meM jala hI jala hotA hai, anya kucha nahIM; usI prakAra pRthvIkasiNa pRthvIkasiNa hI hotA hai, anya kasiNoM ke sAtha isakI kucha bhI samAnatA nahIM hai| yahI vidhi sarvatra hai| appamANaM (aparimita)-yaha usake aparimita rujhAna ke kAraNa kahA gayA hai, kyoMki vaha citta ko sampUrNatA ke sAtha jhukAye . rakhatA hai, "yaha isakA Adi hai, yaha madhya hai"-isa prakAra parimANa kA grahaNa nahIM krtaa|| kasiNabhAvanA meM anadhikArI pudgala 27. "jo prANI karmAvaraNa (=karma ke AvaraNa) klezavaraNa yA vipAkAvaraNa se yukta haiM, zraddhAhIna, chandarahita, duSprajJa haiM ve kuzala dharmoM kI ora le jAne vAle zreyaskara mArga kI prApti ke yogya nahIM hote"-aisA kahA gayA hai| unameM se kisI eka ko bhI kasiNa-bhAvanA meM siddhi prApta nahIM hotii| 28. isa pAlipATha meM kammAvaraNena samantrAgatA (karmAvaraNa se yukta)-Anantarya karmoM (1. mAtRvadha, 2. pitRvadha, 3. arhada-vadha, 4. tathAgata ke zarIra se rudhira girAnA, 5. saca meM phUTa DAlanA) se yukta / kilesAvaraNena samannAgatA klezAvaraNa se yukta (=niyata mithyAdRSTi (=1. ahetukavAdI,2. akriyAvAdI, 3. nAstikavAdI, ubhayatovyaanaka (=strI puruSa donoM liGgoM se yukta) evaM paNDaka (npuNsk)| vipAkAvaraNena samannAgatA (vipAkAvaraNa se yukta)- ahetuka pratisandhi vAle (=jisakI pratisandhi vinA kisI kuzalavipAka ke sAtha huI ho yA kevala do kuzala-vipAkoM ke sAtha huI ho, jaise pazu yoni meM utpanna yA manuSyoM meM gUMge Adi ke rUpa meM utpnn)| assaddhA (zraddhAhIna)-buddha Adi ke prati zraddhA se rahita / acchandikA (chandarahita)-apratikUla pratipadA (=mArga) ke prati icchArahita / duppA (duSprajJa)-laukika-lokodara samyagdRSTi se rahita / abhabbA niyAmaM okkamituMkusalesudhammesu

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242 visuddhimagga niyAmasaGghAtaM sammattasaGghAtaM ca ariyamaggaM okkamituM abhabbA ti attho| na kevalaM ca kasiNe yeva, aosu pi kammaTThAnesu etesaM ekassa pi bhAvanA na ijjhti| tasmA vigatavipAkAvaraNena pi kulaputtena kammAvaraNaM ca kilesAvaraNaM ca ArakA parivajetvA saddhammassavanasappurisUpanissayAdIhi saddhaM ca chandaM ca palaM ca vaDvetvA kammaTThAnAnuyoge yogo karaNIyo ti|| iti sAdhujanapAmojatthAya kate visuddhimagge samAdhibhAvanAdhikAre sesakasiNanidesonAma paJcamo pricchedo|| sammataM- kuzalaM dharmoM kI ora le jAne vAlI zreyaskara mArga kI prApti ke ayogya kuzala dharmoM (avadha dharmA, sukhavipAka phala dene vAle dharmoM) ke prati zreyaskara mArga nAmaka AryamArga kI prApti ke ayogya-yaha artha hai| evaM ina (vyaktiyoM) meM se kisI eka kI bhI na kevala kasiNa-meM, apitu anya karmasthAnoM meM bhI bhAvanA siddha nahIM hotii| isaliye vipAkAvaraNa se rahita hone para bhI kulaputra ko karmAvaraNa aura klezAvaraNa kA dUra se hI parityAga karake saddharmazravaNa evaM satpuruSa ke Azraya Adi dvArA zraddhA, chanda aura prajJA kI vRddhi kara karmasthAna ke anuyoga meM laganA caahiye|| sAdhujanoM ke pramodahetu viracita vizuddhimArga grantha ke . samAnAdhibhAvanAdhikAra meM zeSakasiNanirdeza nAmaka nAmaka pacama pariccheda smaas||

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asubhakammaTThAnaniddeso (chaTTho paricchedo) uddhamAtakAdipadasthAni 1. kasiNAnantaraM uddiDhesu pana uddhamAtakaM, vinIlakaM, vipubbakaM, vicchiddakaM, vikkhAyitakaM, vikkhittakaM, hatavikkhittakaM, lohitakaM, puLavakaM, adikaM ti dasasa avijJANakAsubhesu bhastA viya vAyunA uddhaM jIvitapariyAdAnA yathAnukkama samuggatena sUnabhAvena uddhamAtattA uddhamAtaM, uddhamAtameva uddhmaatkN| paTikkUlattA vA kucchiM udbhumAtaM ti uddhamAtameva uddhamAtakaM / tathArUpassa chavarIrassetaM adhivcnN| 2. vinIlaM vuccati viparibhinnanIlavaNNaM, vinIlameva vinIlakaM / paTilattA kucchitaM vinIlaM ti vinIlakaM / maMsussaTThAnesu rattavaNNassa, pubbasanniccayaTThAnesu setavaNNassa, yebhuyyena nIlavaNNassa, nIlaTThAne nIlasATakapArutasseva chavasarIrassetaM adhivacanaM / 3. paribhinnaTThAnesu vissandamAnaM pubbaM vipubbaM, vipubbameva vipubbakaM / paTikUlattA vA kucchitaM vipubbaM ti vipubbakaM / tathArUpassa chavasarIrassetaM adhivacanaM / 4. vicchidaM vuccati dvidhA chindanena apavAritaM, vicchiddameva vicchiddakaM / paTilattA vA kucchitaM vicchidaM ti vicchiddakaM / vemajjhe chinnassa chavasarIrassetaM adhivcnN|| azubhakarmasthAnanirdeza (SaTha pariccheda) udbhumAtaka Adi padoM ke artha 1. kasiNa ke pazcAt nirdiSTa daza acetana azubhoM-1. uddhamAtaka (=UrdhvamAtraka), 2. vinIlaka, 3. vipubbaka, (vipUyaka) 4. vicchiddaka (=vicchidraka), 5. vikkhAyitaka, 6. vikkhittaka (=vikSiptaka),7. hatavikkhittaka (hatavikSiptaka), 8.lohitaka, 9. puluvaka, 10. aTThika (=asthika) meM jaise bhAtI (camar3e kI thailI) havA se Upara kI ora phUlatI hai vaise hI mRtyu ke bAda zarIra kA kramazaH phUlane, sar3ane se Upara kI ora uThanA 'uddhamAta' hai| yaha uddhamAta hI 'uddhamAtaka hai| vaise zava kA yaha adhivacana (paryAya) hai| (1) 2. jo jagaha-jagaha para nIlA par3a gayA ho, use vinIla kahate haiN| vinIla hI 'vinIlaka' hai| mAMsa kI adhikatA vAle bhAgoM meM lAla varNa, jahA~ durgandhamaya rakta (pIba) ikaTThA ho gayA ho una bhAgoM meM zvetavarNa, kintu adhikAMzataH nIla varNa sadRza zava kA, jisake nIle bhAga aise lagate hoM mAnoM nIlA kapar3A lapeTa diyA ho, yaha adhivacana hai| (2) 3. jisameM jagaha-jagaha se pIba nikalatI ho, vaha "vipubba' hai| 'vipubba' hI 'vipubbaka' kahalAtA hai| athavA, pratikUla hone se kutsita vipubba 'vipubbaka' hai| vaise zarIra kA yaha adhivacana hai|3) 4. do Tukar3oM meM kATa diye jAne se vivRta (=khulA huA, jisakA bhItarI bhAga, aMtar3iyA~ Adi dikhAyI dete) hoM, use 'vicchidda' kahate haiN| vicchidda hI vicchiddaka hai| athavA, pratikUla hone se katsita vicchidda 'vicchiddaka' hai| bIca meM se kATe gaye zava kA yaha adhivacana hai| (4)

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244 visuddhimagga 5. ito ca etto ca vividhAkArena soNasiGgAlAdIhi khAyitaM ti vikkhAyitaM, vikkhAyitameva vikkhaayitkN| paTikkUlattA vA kucchitaM vikkhAyitaM ti vikkhaayitkN| tathArUpassa chavasarIrassetaM adhivacanaM / 6. vividhaM khittaM vikkhittameva vikkhittakaM / paTikUlattA vA kucchitaM vikkhittaM ti vikkhittakaM / aJjana hatthaM ajena pAdaM aJjana sIsaM ti evaM tato tato khittassa chavasarIrassetaM adhivcnN| 7. hataM ca taM purimanayeneva vikkhittakaM cA ti hatavikkhittakaM / kAkapadAkArena aGgapaccaGgesu satthena hanitvA vuttanayena vikkhittassa chavasarIrassetaM adhivcnN| 8. lohitaM kirati vikkhipati ito cito ca paggharatI ti lohitakaM / paggharitalohitamakkhitassa chavasarIrassetaM adhivcnN| 9. puLavA vuccanti kimyo| puLave kiratI ti puLavakaM / kimiparipuNNassa chavasarIrassetaM adhivcnN| 10. aTThi yeva aTThikaM / paTikUlattA vA kucchitaM aTThI ti aTThikaM / aTThisaGkhalikAya pi ekaDhikassa pi etaM adhivcnN| imAni ca pana uddhamAtakAdIni nissAya uppannanimittAnaM pi nimittesu paTiladdhajjhAnAnaM pi etAneva naamaani| uddhamAtakabhAvanAvidhAnaM 11. tattha udbhumAtakasarIre uddhamAtakanimittaM uppAdetvA udbhumAtakasaGghAtaM jhAnaM bhAvetukAmena yoginA pathavIkasiNe vuttanayeneva vuttappakAraM AcariyaM upasaGkamitvA kammaTThAnaM 5. idhara udhara se, aneka prakAra se kutte-siyAra Adi dvArA khAyA gayA mRta-zarIra "vikkhAyitaka' (vikhAditaka) hai| vikkhAyita hI vikkhAyitaka hai| athavA pratikUla hone se kutsita vikkhAyita "vikkhAyitaka' hai| vaise zava kA yaha adhivacana hai| (5) 6. idhara-udhara bikharA huA (=kSipta) hI vikkhita (vikSipta) hai| athavA pratikUla hone se kutsita vikkhitta hI 'vikkhittaka hai| kahIM hAtha, kahIM paira, kahIM sira-isa prakAra idhara udhara bikhare hue zava kA yaha adhivacana =dayotaka hai| (6) 7.hatyA karake pUrvokta prakAra se vikharAyA gayA zava 'hatavikSiptaka' kahalAtA hai| jisa zava ke aGga-pratyaGga zastra se kATakara, kaue ke paira ke AkAra meM bikhera diye gaye hoM-aise zava kA yaha paryAya hai| (7) 8. usase rakta ( khUna) nikalatA hai, idhara-udhara phailatA hai, bahatA hai, ataH vaha 'lohitaka' hai| bahate hue khUna se abhivyApta (makkhita) zava kA yaha adhivacana hai| (8) 9. pulava (saMskRta meM, pulaka=eka prakAra kA kIr3A) kRmiyoM (kIr3oM) ko kahA jAtA hai| (usa zava se) kRmi nikalate haiM, isaliye 'pulavaka' hai| kRmiyoM se bhare zava kA yaha adhivacana hai| (9) 10. asthi (haDDI) hI 'aTThika' (=asthika hai| athavA pratikUla hone se kutsita asthi aTTika hai| asthikaGkAla kA bhI aura eka asthi kA bhI yaha adhivacana hai| (10) ina uddhamAtaka Adi ke Azraya se utpanna nimittoM ke evaM nimittoM meM prApta dhyAnoM ke bhI ye uddhamAtaka Adi nAma haiN|

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa 245 uggahetabbaM / tenassa kammaTThAnaM kathentena asubhanimittatthAya gamanavidhAnaM, samantA nimittupalakkhaNaM ekAdasavidhena nimittaggAho, gatAgatamaggapaccavekkhaNaM ti evaM appanAvidhAnapariyosAnaM sabbaM kathetabbaM / tenApi sabbaM sAdhukaM uggahetvA pubbe vuttappakAraM senAsanaM upagantvA udghamAtakanimittaM pariyesantena vihAtabbaM / 12. evaM viharantena ca 'asukasmi nAma gAmadvAre vA aTavimukhe vA panthe vA pabbatapAde vA rukkhamUle vA susAne vA uddhamAtakasarIre nikkhittaM' ti kathentAnaM vacanaM sutvA pi na tAvadeva atitthena pakkhandantena viya gantabbaM / kasmA? asubhaM hi nAmetaM vALamigAdhiTThitaM pi amanussAdhiTThitaM pi hoti| tatrassa jIvitantarAyo pi siyaa|gmnmggo vA panettha gAmadvArena vA nhAnatitthena vA kedArakoTiyA vA hoti / tattha visabhAgarUpaM ApAthamAgacchati, tadeva vA sarIraM visabhAgaM hoti| purisassa hi itthisarIraM, itthiyA ca purisasarIraM visabhAgaM, tadetaM adhunAmataM subhato pi upaTTAti, tenassa brahmacariyantarAyo pi siyaa| sace pana "nayidaM mAdisassa bhAriyaM" ti attAnaM takkayati, evaM takkayamAnena gantabbaM / / 13. gacchantena ca saGghattharassa vA aJjatarassa vA abhijJAtassa bhikkhuno kathetvA gantabbaM / kasmA? sace hissa susAne amanussasIhabyagghAdInaM rUpasaddAdianiTThArammaNAbhiuddhamAtaka kI bhAvanAvidhi 11. pUrvokta uddhamAtaka zarIra meM uddhamAtaka nimitta utpanna kara, uddhamAtaka' nAmaka dhyAna kI bhAvanA karane ke abhilASI yogI ko, pRthvIkasiNa ke prasaGga meM AyI vidhi ke anusAra hI, ukta prakAra ke AcArya ke pAsa jAkara karmasthAna grahaNa karanA cAhiye / use karmasthAna batalAne vAle isa AcArya ko 1. azubhanimitta ke avalokana ke hetu jAne kI vidhi, 2. cAroM ora se nimitta ko bhalIbhA~ti dekhanA, 3. gyAraha prakAra se nimitta kA grahaNa, 4. gatAgata arthAt jAne aura Ane ke mArga kA pratyavekSaNa-isa prakAra arpaNAvidhi kI samApti taka saba kucha batalA denA cAhiye / usa yogAvacara ko bhI saba kucha bhalIbhA~ti sIkhakara, pUrvokta prakAra ke zayanAsana meM jAkara, uddhamAtaka nimitta ko khojate hue vihAra karanA caahiye| 12. aura isa prakAra vihAra karane vAle ko-"amuka grAma ke dvAra para, jaGgala meM, rAste meM, parvata kI talahaTI meM; vRkSa ke nIce yA zmazAna meM uddhamAtaka zava par3A huA hai"-isa prakAra kisI ko kahate hue sunakara hI, usa vyakti kI taraha jo ki binA ghATa vAlI nadI meM kUda par3atA hai, usI samaya cala nahIM denA caahiye| kyoM? kyoMki 1 yaha azubha hiMsaka jantuoM ke dvArA bhI aura amAnavIya sattAoM (=amanuSyoM bhUtapretoM) dvArA bhI adhiSThita hotA hai vahA~ usakI jAna bhI jA sakatI hai| 2.yA ho sakatA hai ki usa taka jAne kA rAstA grAma ke dvAra, ghATa yA sIMce hue kheta kI sImA se hokara jAtA ho aura vahA~ viparIta (=visabhAga) rUpa sAmane par3a jA~ya / 2. yA vaha zarIra (=zava) hI viparIta ho| kyoMki puruSa ke liye strI kA zarIra aura strI ke liye puruSa kA zarIra viparIta hai| taba, hAla meM hI mRta vaha zarIra usa bhikSu ko zubha (=AkarSaka, sundara) bhI pratIta ho sakatA hai, jisase isake brahmacarya meM bAdhA par3a sakatI hai| kintu yadi vaha "yaha mujha jaise ke liye kaThina nahIM hai"-aisA svayaM ke viSaya meM socatA hai, to aisA socane vAle ko cale jAnA caahiye| 13. hA~, jAne vAle ko saGgha ke sthavira se yA anya kisI suparicita bhikSu se kahakara jAnA caahiye| kisaliye? kyoMki (1) yadi zmazAna meM amanuSyoM, siMha, vyAghra Adi rUpa, zabda Adi tathA

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246 visuddhimagga bhUtassa aGgapaccaGgAni vA pavedhenti, bhuttaM vA na parisaNThAti, ajJo vA AbAdho hoti, athassa so vihAre surakkhitaM krissti| dahare vA sAmaNere vA pahiNitvA taM bhikkhaM pttijggissti| api ca 'susAnaM nAma nirAtaGkaTThAna' ti maJjamAnA katakammA pi akatakammA pi corA samosaranti / te manussehi anubaddhA bhikkhussa samIpe bhaNDakaM chaDDatvA pi plaaynti| manussA "sahoDDheM coraM adassAmA" ti bhikkhuM gahetvA viheThenti / athassa so "mA imaM viheThayittha, mamAyaM kathetvA iminA nAma kammena gato" ti te manusse sApetvA sotthibhAvaM karissati / ayaM AnisaMso kathetvA gmne| tasmA vuttappakArassa bhikkhuno kathetvA asubhanimittadassane saJjAtAbhilAsena, yathA nAma khattiyo abhisekaTThAnaM, yajamAno yajJasAlaM, adhano vA pana nidhiTThAnaM pItisomanassajAto gacchati, evaM pItisomanassaM uppAdetvA aTThakathAsu vuttena vidhinA gantabbaM / 14. vuttaM hetaM "uddhamAtakaM asubhanimittaM uggaNhanto eko adutiyo gacchati, upaTThitAya satiyA asammuTThAya antogatehi indriyehi abahigatena mAnasena, gatAgatamaggaM pccvekkhmaano| yasmi padese uddhamAtakaM asubhanimittaM nikkhittaM hoti, tasmi padese pAsANaM vA vammikaM vA rukkhaM vA gacchaM vA lataM vA sanimittaM karoti, sArammaNaM kroti| sanimittaM katvA sArammaNaM katvA uddhamAtakaM asubhanimittaM sabhAvabhAvato upalakkheti vaNNato pi liGgato pi saNThAnato pi aniSTa AlambanoM se Darakara isa bhikSu ke aGga pratyaGga kA~pane lageM, khAyA-piyA na pace yA koI dUsarI parezAnI khar3I ho jAya, to vihAra meM vaha sthavira ya suparicita bhikSu usake pAtra-cIvara ko surakSita rakhegA yA taruNa bhikSu ko athavA zrAmaNera ko bhejakara usa bhikSu kI sevA-suzrUSo krvaaygaa| (2) isake atirikta-''zmazAna nirApada sthAna hai"-aisA jAnate hue corI kara cuke yA corI karane vAle cora bhI Apasa meM milate rahate haiN| jaba loga unakA pIchA karate haiM, taba ve bhikSu ke pAsa corI kA mAla chor3akara bhAga jAte haiN| loga "sAmAna ke sAtha cora ko pakar3a liyA"-yoM kahakara bhikSu ko satAte haiN| aisA hone para vaha sthavira bhikSu "ise mata satAo, yaha mujhe batAkara isa kArya se gayA thA"-isa prakAra una logoM ko satya bAta batAkara chur3A legaa| ataH kahakara jAne meM yaha lAbha isaliye ukta prakAra ke bhikSu se kahakara azubhanimitta ke darzana ke abhilASI ko, jaise kSatriya abhiSekasthala kI ora, yajamAna yajJazAlA kI ora yA nirdhana khajAne kI ora prIti evaM saumanasya ke sAtha jAtA hai, vaise hI prIti aura saumanasya utpanna kara, aTThakathAoM meM kahe gaye DhaMga se jAnA caahiye| 14. kyoMki vahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai "uddhamAtaka azubhanimitta ko grahaNa karane vAlA akelA, vinA kisI ko sAtha liye, smRti banAye rakhakara, vismaraNa (=sampramoSa) se rahita hokara, indriyoM ke antarmukha hone se vahA~ antarmukha hue mana ke sAtha, gatAgata mArga kA pratyavekSaNa karate hue jAtA hai| jisa pradeza meM uddhamAtaka azubhanimitta par3A huA hotA hai, usa pradeza meM patthara, dImaka kI baoNbI, peDa, jhAr3I yA latA ko nimitta ke sAtha grahaNa karatA hai, Alambana ke sAtha grahaNa karatA hai| nimitta yA Alamambana ke sAtha grahaNa kara,

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247 6. asubhakammachAnanidderA disato pi okAsato pi paricchedato pi sandhito vivarato ninnato thalato smntto| so taM nimittaM suggahitaM karoti, sUpadhAritaM udhAreti, suvavatthitaM vvtthpeti| so taM nimittaM suggahitaM katvA sUpadhAritaM upadhAretvA suvavatthitaM vavatthapetvA eko adutiyo gacchati upaTThitAya satiyA asammuTThAya, antogatehi indriyehi abahigatena mAnasena gatAgatamaggaM pccvekkhmaano| so cakamanto pi tabbhAgiyaM yeva caGkama adhitttthaati| nisIdanto pi tabbhAgiya va AsanaM pnypeti| __ "samantA nimittupalakkhaNA kimatthiyA kimAnisaMsA ti? samantA nimittupalakkhaNA asammohatthA asmmohaanisNsaa| ekAdasavidhena nimittaggAho kimatthiyo kimAnisaMso ti? ekAdasavidhena nimittaggAho upanibandhanattho upnibndhnaanisNso| gatAgatamaggapaccavekkhaNA kimatthiyA kimAnisaMsA ti? gatAgatamaggapaccavekSaNA vIthisampaTipAdanatthA viithismpttipaadnaanisNsaa| "so AnisaMsadassavI ratanasaJjI hutvA cittakAraM upadrupetvA sampiyAyamAno tasmi ArammaNe cittaM upanibandhati-'addhA imAya paTipadAya jarAmaraNamhA parimuccissAmI' ti| so vivicceva kAmehi ....pe0....paThamajhAnaM upasampajja viharati / tassAdhigataM hoti rUpAvacaraM paThamaM jhAnaM, dibbo ca vihAro, bhAvanAmayaM ca puJjakiriyavatthu" ( ) ti| 15. tasmA yo cittasaJattatthAya sivathikadassanaM gacchati, so ghaNTiM paharitvA azubhanimitta ko usake svabhAva ke anusAra bhalI bhA~ti dekhatA hai-varNa se bhI, liGga se bhI, AkAra (saMsthAna) se bhI, dizA se bhI, rikta sthAna (=avakAza) se, jor3a (=sandhi), chidra (=vihAra). nicAI, U~cAI, cAroM ora se bhii| taba vaha usa nimitta ko bhalIbhA~ti grahaNa karatA hai| bhalI-bhA~ti mana meM dhAraNa karatA hai, suvyavasthita karatA hai| vaha usa nimitta ko bhalIbhA~ti grahaNa kara, bhalIbhA~ti dhAraNa kara, suvyavasthita kara,smRti banAye rakhakara, vismaraNa se rahita hokara, indriyoM ke antarmukha hone se isa antarmukha hue mana ke sAtha gatAgata mArga kA pratyavekSaNa karate hue akelA, vinA kisI ko sAtha liye, jAtA hai| vaha caMkramaNa karate samaya bhI usa azubhanimitta ke bAre meM cintana karate hue hI caMkramaNa karatA hai| baiThate samaya bhI usa azubhanimitta ke bAre meM cintana-manana karate hue hI Asana para baiThatA hai| (1) cAroM ora se nimitta ko dhyAnapUrvaka dekhane kA kyA prayojana yA kyA guNa ( mAhAtya) hai? cAroM ora se nimitta ko dhyAna se dekhanA asammoha (=moha se rahita hone) ke liye hai| usakA guNa asammoha hai| (2) gyAraha prakAra se nimitta grahaNa karane kA kyA prayojana hai, kyA guNa hai? gyAraha prakAra se nimitta kA grahaNa usa azubha Alambana se citta ko bA~dhe rakhane ke liye haiN| usakA guNa bA~dhe rakhanA hai| (3) gatAgata mArga ke pratyavekSaNa kA kyA prayojana, kyA guNa hai? gatAgata mArga kA pratyavekSaNa karmasthAna ke mArga (-vidhi) ke samyak pratipAdana ke liye hai| mArga kA samyakpratipAdana usakA guNa vaha bhikSu usameM guNa dekhate hue, use ratna ke samAna mUlyavAn samajhate hue usake prati Adara aura prema se yukta hokara, usa Alambana se citta ko isa prakAra bA~dhatA hai-'avazya hI isa mArga se maiM jarAmaraNa se mukta ho jaauuNgaa'| vaha kAmoM se rahita...pUrvavat.prathama dhyAna prApta kara vihAra karatA hai| vaha rUpAvacara prathama dhyAna, divya vihAra evaM bhAvanAmaya puNya kriyAvastu prApta karatA hai|" 1. dr0-dii0ni03.10|

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248 vizuddhimagga gaNaM sannipAtetvA pi gacchatu / kammaTThAnasIsena pana gacchantena ekakena adutiyena mUlakammaTThAnaM avissajjetvA taM manasikaronteneva susAnaM soNAdiparissayavinodanatthaM kattaradaNDaM vA yaTThi vA gahetvA, sUpaTThitabhAvasampAdanena asammuTTaM satiM katvA manacchaTThAnaM ca indriyAnaM antogatabhAvasampAdanato abahigatamanena hutvA gantabbaM / 16. vihArato nikkhamanteneva 'asukadisAya asukradvArena nikkhantomhI' ti dvAraM sallakkhetabbaM / tato yena maggena gacchati, so maggo vavatthapetabbo - 'ayaM maggo pAcInadisAbhimukho vA gacchati, pacchima.... uttara..... dakkhiNadisAbhimukho vA vidisAbhimukho vA' ti / 'imasmi pana ThAne vAmato gacchati, imasmi ThAne dakkhiNato; imasmi cassa ThAne pAsANo, imasmi vammiko, imasmi rukkho, imasmi gaccho, imasmi latA' - ti evaM gamanamaggaM vavatthapentena nimittaTThAnaM gantabbaM, no ca kho paTivAtaM / paTivAtaM gacchantassa hi kuNapagandho ghAnaM paharitvA matthaluGgaM vA saGghobheyya, AhAraM vA chaDDApeyya, vippaTisAraM vA janeyya - 'IdisaM nAma kuNapaTThAnaM AgatomhI' ti / tasmA paTivAtaM vajjetvA anuvAtaM gantabbaM / sace anuvAtamaggena na sakkA hoti gantuM, antarA pabbato vA pAsANo vA vati vA kaNTakaTThAnaM vA udakaM vA cikkhallaM vA hoti, cIvarakaNNena nAsaM pidahitvA gantabbaM / idamassa gamanavattaM / 17. evaM gatena pana na tAva asubhanimittaM oloketabbaM / disA vavatthapetabbA / 15. isaliye yadi vaha citta ko saMyata karane ke uddezya se zava ko dekhane jA rahA ho, to vaha cAhe to ghaNTI bajAkara bhikSugaNa ko ekatra karake bhI jAya yA ghaNTI bajAkara pATha samApta karake bhI jAya, kintu karmasthAna ko pramukhatA dene vAle ko vahA~ jAte samaya akele, vinA kisI ko sAtha liye, mUla karmasthAna ko chor3e vinA, usake bAre meM cintana karate hue, zmazAna meM kutte Adi ke sambhAvita upadrava ko dUra karane ke liye char3I yA lAThI lekara, smRti ko upasthita banAye rakhakara, smRti ko vismaraNa doSa se rahita karake aura indriyoM ko antarmukha rakhane se chaha indriyoM sahita mana ko bAhara na jAne dete hue, antarmukha rakhate hue jAnA cAhiye / gamanaviSayaka niyama 16. vihAra se nikalate samaya "amuka dizA se, amuka dvAra se nikala rahA hU~" - isa prakAra dvAra ko dhyAna se dekhanA caahiye| tatpazcAt jisa mArga se jAtA hai, usa mArga para vicAra karanA cAhiye ki "yaha mArga pUrva dizA kI ora jAtA hai yA pazcima yA uttara yA dakSiNa dizA kI ora yA upadizA ( = vidizA, jaise pUrvottara, pazcimottara Adi) kI or| yahA~ se rAstA bAyIM ora jAtA hai, yahA~ se dAhinI ora, isa sthAna para patthara hai, isa sthAna para dImaka kI bA~bI, isa para vRkSa, isa para jhAr3I, isa para latA" - isa prakAra gamana-mArga kA vicAra karane vAle ko hI nimitta ke sthAna para jAnA cAhiye, kintu havA ke rukha se viparIta (= prativAta) nhiiN| kyoMki ho sakatA hai ki havA ke rukha se * viparIta jAne vAle kI ghrANendriya para durgandha ke jhoMke se usakA mastiSka bhannAne lage, vamana ho jAya yA use isa prakAra pachatAvA hone lage ki "kaise ghRNita sthAna para AyA hU~!' isaliye havA se viparIta jAne se bacate hue, havA ke rukha ke anukUla (= anuvAta) jAnA caahiye| yadi havA ke anukUla mArga se jAnA sambhava na ho, kyoMki ho sakatA hai-bIca meM parvata, jharanA, patthara, cahAradIvArI, ka~TIlA sthAna, jala yA kIcar3a ho to cIvara ke kone se nAka banda karake jAnA caahiye| yaha gamana ke sambandha meM isa bhikSu kA vrata niyama yA vidhi hai|

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa 249 kasmihi disAbhAge Thitassa ArammaNaM ca na vibhUtaM hutvA khAyati, cittaM ca na kammaniyaM hoti / tasmA taM vajjetvA yattha Thitassa ArammaNaM ca vibhUtaM hutvA khAyati, cittaM ca kammaniyaM hoti, tattha ThAtabbaM / paTivAtAnuvAtaM ca pahAtabbaM / paTivAte Thitassa hi kuNapagandhena ubbALhassa cittaM vidhAvati / anuvAte Thitassa sace tattha adhivatthA amanussA honti, te kujjhitvA anatthaM karonti / tasmA IsakaM ukkamma nAtianuvAte ThAtabbaM / evaM tiTThamAnenApi nAtidUre nAccAsanne nAnupAdaM nAnusIsaM ThAtabbaM / atidUre Thitassa hi Aramma avibhUtaM hoti / accAsanne bhayaM uppajjati / anupAdaM vA anusIsaM vA Thitassa sabbaM asubhaM samaM na paJJAyati / tasmA nAtidUre nAccAsane olokentassa phAkaTThAne sarIra-vemajjhabhAge ThAtabbaM / / 18. evaM Thitena " tasmi padese pAsANaM vA ....pe..... lataM vA sanimittaM karotI" ti evaM vRttAni samantA nimittAni upalakkhetabbAni / tatridaM upalakkhaNavidhAnaM - sace tassa nimittassa samantA cakkhupathe pAsANo hoti, so ayaM pAsANo ucco vA nIco vA, khuddako vA mahanto vA, tambo vA kALo vA seto vA dIgho vA parimaNDalo vA ti vavatthapetabbo / tato imasmi nAma okAse ayaM pAsANo idaM asubhanimittaM idaM asubhanimittaM ayaM pAsANo ti sallakkhetabbaM / sace vammako hoti, so pi ucco vA nIco vA, khuddako vA mahanto vA, tambo vA avalokanaviSayaka niyama 17. isa prakAra jAne para bhI jAte hI azubhanimitta kA avalokana nahIM karanA cA heye; kyoMki kisI-kisI dizA meM khar3e hone para Alambana spaSTa rUpa se dikhAyI nahIM detA aura citta bhI vaza meM nahIM rahatA / ataH use aise sthAna se bacate hue, jahA~ khar3e hone se Alambana bhI spaSTa rUpa se dikhAyI de aura citta bhI vaza meM rahe, vahA~ khar3A honA caahiye| havA ke rukha ke pratikUla yA havA ke rukha ke anukUla rahane se bacanA caahiye| havA ke rukha ke pratikUla khar3e hue bhikSu kA citta durgandha se udvelita hokara idhara-udhara daur3atA hai| yadi usa zava para amanuSya vAsa karate hoM to ve havA ke rukha ke anukUla khar3e hue bhikSu para kupita hokara anartha (= utpAta) kara sakate haiN| isaliye thor3A sA haTakara, na ki ThIka havA ke rukha ke anukUla, khar3A honA cAhiye / isa prakAra khar3e hote hue bhI (use anya bAtoM kA bhI dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye; jaise-zava se) na bahuta dUra, bahuta pAsa, na paira yA sira kI ora khar3A honA caahiye| bahuta dUra khar3e hone para Alambana spaSTa nahIM hotA / bahuta pAsa khar3e hone se bhaya utpanna hotA hai| paira yA sira kI ora khar3e hone para samasta azubha (= mRta zarIra) eka barAbara, samAna dikhAyI nahIM detaa| isaliye na bahuta dUra, na bahuta pAsa, suvidhAjanaka sthAna meM zarIra ke madhya bhAga kI ora khar3A honA caahiye| 18. yoM khar3e hue bhikSu ko "usa pradeza meM patthara yA pUrvavat latA ko nimitta ke sAtha grahaNa karatA hai" - isa prakAra batalAye gaye cAroM ora ke nimittoM ko dhyAna se dekhanA cAhiye / . vahA~ dhyAna se dekhane kI vidhi yaha hai - "yadi usa nimitta ke pAsa dRSTipatha meM patthara ho to usa para vicAra karanA cAhiye ki vaha patthara U~cA hai yA nIcA, choTA hai yA bar3A, tA~be ke raMga kA hai, kAlA hai yA sapheda hai, lambA hai yA gola hai| taba isa prakAra nirIkSaNa karanA cAhiye - "isa sthAna para yaha patthara hai yaha azubhanimitta hai; yaha azubhanimitta hai yaha patthara hai / " yadi dImaka kI bA~bI ho to vaha bhI U~cI hai yA nIcI, choTI hai yA bar3I, tA~be ke raMga kI hai

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250 visuddhimagga kALo vA seto vA, dIgho vA parimaNDalo vA ti vvtthpetbbo| tato imasmi nAma okAse 'ayaM vammiko idaM asubhanimittaM' ti sAlakkhetabbaM / sace rukkho hoti, so pi assattho vA nigrodho vA kacchako vA kapItano vA ucco vA nIco vA, khuddako vA mahanto vA, tambo vA kALo vA seto vA ti vvtthpetbbo| tato imasmi nAma okAse 'ayaM rukkho idaM asubhanimittaM' ti sallakkhetabbaM / sace gaccho hoti, so pi sindi vA karamando vA kaNavIro vA kuraNDako vA ucco vA nIco vA, khuddako vA mahanto vA ti vvtthpetbbo| tato imasmi nAma okAse 'ayaM gaccho' idaM asubhanimittaM ti sallakkhetabbaM / sace latA hoti, sA pi lAbu vA kumbhaNDo vA sAmA vA kALavalli vA pUtilatA vA ti vvtthpetbbaa| tato imasmiM nAma okAse 'ayaM latA idaM asubhanimittaM, idaM asubhanimittaM' ayaM latA ti sallakkhetabbaM / 19. yaM pana vRttaM 'sanimittaM karoti sArammaNaM, karotI' ti, taM idheva antogdhN| puna-ppunaM vavatthapento hi sanimittaM karoti naam| ayaM pAsANo idaM asubhanimittaM', 'idaM asubhanimittaM ayaM pAsANo' ti evaM ve ve samAsetvA samAsetvA vavatthapento sArammaNaM karoti naam| evaM sanimittaM sArammaNaM ca katvA pana sabhAvabhAvato vavatthapetI ti vuttattA yvAssa sabhAvabhAvo anajasAdhAraNo attaniyo uddhamAtakabhAvo, tena manasikAtabbaM / vaNitaM uddhamAtakaM ti evaM sarasena vavatthapetabbaM ti attho| yA kAlI yA sapheda, lambI hai yA gola-isakA vicAra karanA caahiye| taba "isa sthAna para yaha dImaka kI bA~bI hai, yaha azubhanimitta hai"-isa prakAra nirIkSaNa karanA caahiye| yadi vRkSa ho, to vaha bhI azvattha (=pIpala) hai yA nyagrodha (baragada), kacchaka (=pAkar3a) hai yA kapittha (=kaitha), U~cA hai yA nIcA, choTA hai yA bar3A, tA~be ke raMga kA hai, kAlA hai yA sapheda-isa prakAra vicAra karanA caahiye| taba "isa sthAna para yaha vRkSa hai, yaha azubhanimitta hai"-isa prakAra nirIkSaNa karanA caahiye| ___ yadi jhAr3I hai, to vaha bhI choTI khajUra hai yA kamanda (-karavana), karavIra hai yA kuraNDaka (=jayantI), U~cI hai yA nIcI, choTI hai yA bar3I-isa prakAra vicAra karanA cAhiye / taba "isa sthAna para yaha jhAr3I hai-yaha azubhanimitta hai, yA jhAr3I"-isa prakAra nirIkSaNa karanA caahiye| yadi latA ho, to vaha bhI laukI hai yA kumhar3A, zyAmA hai yA kAlavallI yA pUtilatA (=giloya)-isa prakAra vicAra karanA caahiye| taba "isa sthAna para yaha latA hai, yaha azubhanimitta hai; yaha azubha nimitta hai, yaha latA hai"-isa prakAra nirIkSaNa karanA caahiye| 19.jo kahA gayA hai- sanimitaM karoti, sArammaNaM karoti (nimitta ke sAtha (grahaNa) karatA hai, Alambana ke sAtha grahaNa karatA hai) usakA yahIM (uparyukta varNana meM hI) samAveza ho jAtA hai, kyoMki jaba vaha bArambAra vicAra karatA hai, taba vaha AsapAsa kI vastuoM ko nimitta ke sAtha grahaNa karatA hai| vaise hI,"yaha patthara hai, yaha azubhanimitta hai, yaha azubhanimitta hai, yaha patthara hai" isa prakAra do-do ko jor3akara vicAra karate hue vastutaH vaha Alambana ke sAtha unheM grahaNa karatA hai| nimitta ke sAtha, Alambana kA sAtha grahaNa karane ke bAda, kyoMki kahA gayA hai ki samAvabhAvato vavatthati "svabhAva ke anusAra vicAra karatA hai" ataH jo isa udumAtaka kA svabhAva

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa 251 20. evaM vavatthapetvA 1. vaNNato pi, 2. liGgato pi, 3. saNThAnato pi, 4. disato pi, 5. okAsato pi, 6. paricchedato pi ti chabbidhena nimittaM gahetabbaM / kathaM ? tena hi yoginA idaM sarIraM kALassa vA odAtassa vA maGguracchavino vA ti vaNNato vavatthapetabbaM / liGgato pana itthiliGgaM vA purisaliGgaM vA ti avavatthapetvA, paThamavaye vA majjhimavaye vA pacchimavaye vA Thitassa idaM sarIraM ti vavatthapetabbaM / saNThAnato uddhamAtakassa saNThAnavaseneva idamassa sIsasaNThAnaM, idaM gIvAsaNThAnaM, idaM hatthasaNThAnaM, idaM udarasaNThAnaM, idaM nAbhisaNThAnaM, idaM kaTisaNThAnaM, idaM urusaNThAnaM, idaM jaGghAsaNThAnaM, idaM pAdasaNThAnaM ti vavatthapetabbaM / disato pana ' imasmi sarIre dve disA-nAbhiyA adho heTThimadisA, uddhaM uparimadisA' ti vavatthapetabbaM / atha vA 'ahaM imissA disAya Thito, asubhanimittaM imissA' ti vavatthapetabbaM / AkAsato pana 'imasmi nAma okAse hatthA, imasmi pAdA, imasmi sIsaM, imasmi majjhimakAyo Thito' ti vavatthapetabbaM / atha vA- 'ahaM imasmi okAse Thito asubhanimittaM imasmi' ti vavatthapetabbaM / paricchedato 'idaM sarIraM adho pAdatalena upari kesamatthakena tiriyaM tacena paricchinnaM, yathAparicchinne ca ThAne dvattiMsakuNapabharitamevA' ti vavatthapetabbaM / atha vA 'ayamassa hatthaparicchedo, hai, dUsaroM se bhinna usakA apanA uddhamAtaka bhAva hai, usakA cintana karanA cAhiye / "phUlA huA uddhamAttaka hai" - isa prakAra svabhAva ke anusAra, kArya ke anusAra vicAra karanA cAhiye, yaha artha hai / 20. isa prakAra vicAra kara, 1 varNa, 2 liGga, 3. saMsthAna, 4 dizA, 5 avakAza, 6. sImA - isa prakAra chaha prakAra se nimitta grahaNa karanA cAhiye / kaise ? usa yogI ko - "yaha zarIra kAle raMga kA hai yA gore yA sunahale (gehu~e ) raMga kA ?" - isa prakAra varNa ke anusAra vicAra karanA caahiye| (1) liGga se- 'strIliGga hai yA pulliGga' isakA vicAra na kara, yaha zarIra prathama vaya meM, madhyama vaya meM yA pazcima vaya meM hai - isa prakAra vicAra karanA caahiye| (2) saMsthAna (akAra) se - uddhamAtaka ke AkAra ke anusAra hI, yaha isake sira kA AkAra hai, yaha grIvA ( = garadana) kA AkAra, yaha hAtha kA AkAra, yaha paira kA AkAra, yaha peTa kA AkAra, yaha nAbhi .... yaha kamara.... yaha jA~gha ... yaha paira kA AkAra hai-isa prakAra vicAra karanA cAhiye / (3) dizA se - isa zarIra meM do dizAe~ (= bhAga) haiM - nAbhi se nIce nicalI dizA, (nAbhi se ) UparI dizA isa prakAra vicAra karanA caahiye| athavA - maiM "isa dizA meM hU~, azubhanimitta isa dizA meM" - isa prakAra vicAra karanA cAhiye / (4) sthAna (avakAza) se -" isa sthAna para hAtha, isa para paira, isa para sira, isa para kAya kA madhyabhAga sthita hai" - isa prakAra vicAra karanA caahiye| athavA, "maiM isa sthAna para hU~, azubhanimitta isa sthAna para "- isa prakAra vicAra karanA cAhiye / (5) pariccheda (= sImA) se - "yaha zarIra nIce paira ke talave se lekara Upara sira ke bAloM taka samatala tvacA se parisImita hai| aise parisImita sthAna meM battIsa (32) gandagiyA~ (= azuci padArtha) hI

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252 visuddhimagga ayaM pAdaparicchedo, ayaM sIsaparicchedo, ayaM majjhimakAyaparicchedo' ti vavatthapetabbaM / yattakaM vA pana ThAnaM gaNhAti, tattakameva idaM IdisaM uddhamAtakaM ti paricchinditabbaM / purisassa pana itthisarIraM, itthiyA vA purisasarIraM na vttttti| visabhAge sarIre ArammaNaM na upaTThAti, vipphandanasseva paccayo hoti| "ugghATitA pi hi itthI purisassa cittaM pariyAdAya tidrutI" ti majjhimaTThakathAyaM vuttN| tasmA sabhAgasarIre yeva evaM chabbidhena nimittaM gaNhitabbaM / 21. yo pana purimabuddhAnaM santike AsevitakammaTThAno parihatadhutaGgo parimadditamahAbhUto pariggahitasaGkhAro vavatthApitanAmarUpo ugghATitasattaso katasamaNadhammo vAsitavAsano bhAvitabhAvano sabIjo ANuttaro appakileso kulaputto, tassa olokitolokitaTThAne yeva paTibhAganimittaM upaati| no ce evaM upaTThAti, athevaM chabbidhena nimittaM gaNhato upttttaati| 22. yassa pana evaM pi na upaTThAti, tena 1. sandhito, 2. vivarato, 3. ninnato, 4. thalato, 5. samantato ti puna pi paJcavidhena nimittaM gahetabbaM / __ tattha sandhito ti| asItisatasandhito / uddhamAtake pana kathaM asItisatasandhiyo vavatthapessati? tasmAnena tayo dakkhiNahatthasandhI, tayo vAmahatthasandhI, tayo vAmapAdasandhI, eko gIvasandhi, eko kaTisandhI ti evaM cuddasamahAsandhivasena sandhito vavatthapetabbaM / hai"-isa prakAra vicAra karanA caahiye| athavA, "yaha isake hAtha kI sImA hai, yaha isake paira kI sImA, yaha sira kI sImA, yaha zarIra ke madhya bhAga kI sImA"-isa prakAra karanA cAhiye / athavA uddhamAtaka ke jitane sthAna (=bhAga) kA vicAra ke liye mana se grahaNa karatA hai, utane hI ke bAre meM "yaha isa prakAra kA uddhamAtaka hai"-isa prakAra sImA kA nizcaya karanA cAhiye / (6) puruSa ke liye strI kA zarIra yA strI ke liye puruSa kA zarIra dhyAna ke Alambana ke rUpa meM vihita nahIM hai| viparIta zarIra meM azubha Alambana nahIM jAna par3atA, apitu vaha anucita uttejanA (=vispandana kleza-spandana) kA hI kAraNa hotA hai| majjhimanikAya kI aTThakathA meM kahA gayA hai"khule hue zarIra vAlI (=nirvastra zarIra vAlI) strI (cAhe bhale hI usakA zarIra pUrI taraha se sar3A huA ho) puruSa ke citta ko vazIbhUta kara letI hai|" isaliye anurUpa zarIra meM hI (=bhikSu ko puruSazarIra meM evaM bhikSuNI ko strI ke zarIra meM hI) aise chaha prakAra se nimitta grahaNa karanA caahiye| 21.jisane pUrva buddhoM ke samIpa karmasthAna kA pAlana, dhutAGga-dhAraNa, mahAbhUtoM kA parimardana (=sUkSmatayA manana-cintana dvArA vizleSaNa), saMskAroM kA grahaNa, nAmarUpa kA vicAra, sattva-saMjJA kA nAza yA zramaNa dharma kA pAlana kiyA hai, jo kuzala vAsanA se vAsita aura kuzala bhAvanA se bhAvita hai, buddhatva ke bIja se yukta, uccastarIya jJAna se yukta evaM alpakleza vAlA hai, aise kulaputra ko usa azubhanimitta ko dekhate hI, usI sthAna para pratibhAganimitta utpanna ho jAtA hai| yadi isa prakAra utpanna na ho, to aise ukta chaha prakAra se nimitta grahaNa karate samaya utpanna ho jAtA hai| 22. jise isa prakAra bhI nimitta utpanna na ho, use 1.sandhi, 2. chidra (=vivara). 3. nIce, 4. Upara, 5. cAroM ora se isa taraha, pUrvokta chaha ke atirikta, punaH ina pA~ca prakAroM se bhI nimitta kA grahaNa karanA cAhiye sandhito (sandhi se)-eka sau assI sandhiyoM se| kintu uddhamAtaka meM kisa prakAra eka sau assI sandhiyoM kA vicAra kara pAyagA? isaliye usa bhikSu ko tIna dAhine hAtha kI sandhiyA~, tIna bAyeM hAtha kI sandhiyA~, tIna dAhine paira kI sandhiyA~, tIna bAyeM paira kI sandhiyA~, eka grIvA kI sandhi, eka kamara kI sandhi-isa prakAra caudaha pramukha sandhiyoM ke anusAra sandhi kA vicAra karanA caahiye| (1)

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6. asubhakammaTTAnaniddesa 253 vivaratoti / vivaraM nAma hatthantaraM pAdantaraM udarantaraM kaNNantaraM ti evaM vivarato vavatthapetabbaM / akkhInaM pi nimmIlitabhAvo vA ummIlitabhAvo vA, mukhassa ca pihitabhAvo vA vivaTabhAvo vA vavatthapetabbo / ninnatoti / yaM sarIre ninnaTThAnaM akkhikUpo vA antomukhaM vA galavATako vA, taM vavatthapetabbaM / atha vA ' ahaM ninne Thito, sarIraM unnate' ti vavatthapetabbaM / atha vA thalatoti / yaM sarIre unnataTThAnaM jaNNukaM vA uro vA nalATaM vA, taM vavatthapetabbaM / 'ahaM thale Thito, sarIraM ninne' ti vavatthapetabbaM / samantatoti / sabbaM sarIraM samantato vavatthapetabbaM / sakalasarIre jANaM yaM ThAnaM vibhUtaM hutvA upadvAti, tattha "uddhamAtakaM uddhamAtakaM" ti cittaM ThapetabbaM / sace evaM pi na upaTThAti udarapariyosAnaM atirekaM uddhumAtakaM hoti, tattha "uddhamAtakaM uddhamAtakaM" ti cittaM ThapetabbaM / vinicchiyakathA 23. idAni so taM nimittaM suggahitaM karotI ti AdIsu ayaM vinicchayakathAtena yoginA tasmi sarIre yathAvuttanimittaggAhavasena suTTha nimittaM gaNhitabbaM, satiM sUpatiM tvA AvajitabbaM, evaM punappunaM karontena sAdhukaM upAdhAretabbaM ceva vavatthapetabba ca / sarIrato nAtidUre nAccAsanne padese Thitena vA nisinnena vA cakkhuM ummIletvA oloketvA vivarato (vivara se) - 'vivara' kahate haiM hAtha ke antara (dAhine hAtha aura dAhine pArzva ke bIca, bAyeM hAtha aura bAyeM pArzva ke bIca kA khAlI sthAna) paira ke antara (= donoM pairoM ke bIca kA khAlI sthAna), peTa ke antara (=kukSi ke madhya meM sthita nAbhi-vivara yA peTa ke bhItara kA vivara), kAna ke antara (kAna ke bhItara kA khAlI sthAna) ko / isa prakAra vivara ke anusAra vicAra karanA caahiye| A~kha aura mukha ke bhI banda hone yA khule hone kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / (2) ninnato (nIce se)- jo zarIra meM khokhalA sthAna hai, jaise A~kha kA gaDDA, mukha ke bhItara kA bhAga yA gale kA nicalA bhAga (= galavATaka) usakA vicAra karanA caahiye| athavA, 'maiM nicAI para sthita hU~, mRta zarIra U~cAI para isa prakAra vicAra karanA caahiye| (3) thalato (U~ce se)- zarIra meM jo unnata sthAna haiM, jaise ghuTanA, chAtI yA lalATa-usa para vicAra karanA cAhiye / athavA 'maiM U~cAI para sthita hU~, zarIra nicAI para isa prakAra vicAra karanA cAhiye / (4) samantato (cAroM ora se ) - samasta zarIra kA cAroM ora se vicAra karanA caahiye| samasta zarIra meM se jisa sthAna kA spaSTa rUpa se jJAna ho rahA ho, usI meM "uddhamAtaka, uddhamAtaka " - isa prakAra citta ko sthira karanA caahiye| yadi aise bhI (= aisA karane para bhI) (azubhanimitta) upasthita na hotA ho, aura yadi zava ke peTa meM zodha adhika ho, to usI meM "uddhamAtaka, uddhamAtaka" isa prakAra citta ko sthira karanA cAhiye / (5) ukta aTThakathA kI vyAkhyA (= vinizcayakathA) 23. aba, so taM nimittaM suggahitaM karoti (vaha usa nimitta ko bhalIbhA~ti grahaNa karatA hai) Adi vAkyAvali kI yaha vyAkhyA hai usa yogI ko usa zarIra meM yathokta nimitta grahaNa kI vidhi ke anusAra bhalI-bhA~ti nimitta kA grahaNa karanA caahiye| smRti ko banAye rakhakara bAra-bAra vicAra karanA caahiye| isa prakAra bArabAra vicAra karate hue, bhalI bhA~ti dhAraNa karanA cAhiye, cintana karanA caahiye| mRta zarIra se na bahuta

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254 visuddhimagga nimittaM gaNhitabbaM / "uddhamAtakapaTikkUlaM uddhamAtakapaTikkUlaM" ti satakkhattuM sahassakkhattuM ummItvA oloketabbaM, nimIletvA AvajjitabbaM / evaM punappunaM karontassa uggahanimittaM suggahitaM hoti / kadA suggahitaM hoti ? yadA ummIletvA Alokentassa nimIletvA Avajjentassa ca ekasadisaM hutvA ApAthaM Agacchati, tadA suggahitaM nAma hoti / 24. so taM nimittaM evaM suggahitaM katvA sUpadhAritaM upadhAretvA suvavatthitaM vavatthapetvA sace tattheva bhAvanApariyosAnaM pattuM na sakkoti, athAnena AgamanakAle vuttanayeneva ekakena adutiyena tadeva kammaTThAnaM manasikarontena sUpaTThitaM satiM katvA antogatehi indriyehi abahigatena mAnasena attano senAsanameva gantabbaM / susAnA nikkhamanteneva ca Agamanamaggo vavatthapetabbo - 'yena maggena nikkhantosmi, ayaM maggo pAcInadisAbhimukho vA gacchati, pacchima... uttara... dakkhiNadisAbhimukho vA gacchati, vidisAbhimukho vA gacchati, imasmi pana ThAne vAmato gacchati, imasmi dakkhiNato, imasmi cassa ThAne pAsANo, imasmi vammiko, imasmi rukkho, imasmi gaccho, imasmi latA' ti / evaM AgamanamaggaM vavatthapetvA Agatena caGkamantenA pi tabbhAgiyo va caGkamo adhiTThAtabbo / asubhanimittadisAbhimukhe bhUmippadese caGkamitabbaM ti atyo / nisIdantena AsanaM pitabhAgiyameva paJJapetabbaM / sace pana tassaM disAyaM sobbho vA papAto vA rukkho vAvati vA kalalaM vA hoti, na sakkA taMdisAbhimukhe bhUmippadese caGkamituM, AsannaM pi dUra, na bahuta pAsa khar3e hokara yA baiThe hue, A~khoM ko khole rakhakara nimitta ko grahaNa karanA cAhiye / "uddhamAtaka pratikUla (= kutsita, vitRSNAjanaka ), uddhamAtaka pratikUla" - isa prakAra sau bAra yA hajAra bAra A~kheM kholakara dekhanA cAhiye aura A~kheM banda kara manana karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra bAra bAra karane para udgraha - nimitta bhalIbhA~ti gRhIta ho jAtA hai| kaba bhalIbhA~ti gRhIta hotA hai? jaba A~kheM kholakara dekhate samaya aura banda kara manana karate samaya nimitta eka jaisA jAna par3atA ho, taba kahA jAtA hai ki vaha udgrahanimitta bhalIbhA~ti pakar3a meM A gyaa| 24. usa nimitta kA bhalIbhA~ti grahaNa karane, bhalIbhA~ti dhAraNa karane, bhalIbhA~ti vicAra karane para, yadi usI sthAna para bhAvanA kI pUrNatA prApta na ho sake to use Agamana ke bAre meM batalAyI gayI vidhi ke anusAra hI akele, vinA kisI ko sAtha liye, usI karmasthAna ke viSaya meM cintana karate hue smRti ko banAye rakhakara, antarmukhI indriyoM ke kAraNa antarmukha hue mana ke sAtha apane zayanAsana meM hI jAnA caahiye| zmazAna se nikalate samaya lauTane ke mArga kA vicAra (= nizcaya) karanA cAhiye - " jisa mArga se nikalatA hU~, vaha mArga pUrva dizA kI ora jAtA hai yA pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa dizA kI ora jAtA hai yA upadizA kI ora jAtA hai, isa sthAna se bAyIM yA dAyIM ora jAtA hai; yahA~ patthara, yahA~ dImaka kI bA~bI, yahA~ vRkSa, yahA~ jhAr3I, yahA~ latA hai|" isa prakAra lauTane ke mArga kA vicAra kara, vApasa Akara caMkramaNa karate samaya bhI usI ora mukha kiye hue hI caMkramaNa karanA cAhiye / tAtparya yaha hai ki zubhAbhita kI dizA kI ora abhimukha bhUbhAga para caMkramaNa karanA caahiye| baiThate samaya Asana bhI usI tarapha mukha karake bichAnA cAhiye / kintu yadi usa dizA meM pAnI bharA gaDDhA, jharanA, cahAradIvArI yA kIcar3a ho, usa dizA kI

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa 255 anokAsattA na sakkA paJapetuM / taM disaM anapalokentenApi okAsAnurUpe ThAne caGkamitabbaM ceva nisIditabbaM c| cittaM pana taMdisAbhimukhaM yeva kAtabbaM / 25. idAni samantA nimittupalakkhaNA kimatthiyA ti AdipaJhAnaM asammohatthA ti Adi vissajane ayaM adhippAyo-yassa hi avelAyaM uddhamAtakanimittaTThAnaM gantvA samantA nimittupalakkhaNaM katvA nimittaggahaNatthaM cakTuM ummIletvA olokentasseva taM matasarIraM udyahitvA ThitaM viya ajjhottharamAnaM viya anubandhamAnaM viya ca hutvA upaTTAti, so taM bIbhacchaM bheravArammaNaM disvA vikkhittacitto ummattako viya hoti, bhayaM chambhitattaM lomahaMsaM paapunnaati| pALiyaM hi vibhattaaTThatiMsArammaNesu ajhaM evarUpaM bheravArammaNaM nAma ntthi| imasmi hi kammaTThAne jhAnavibbhantako nAma hoti / kasmA? atibheravattA kmmtttthaanss| tasmA tena yoginA santhambhitvA satiM sUpaTTitaM katvA matasarIraM udyahitvA anubandhakaM nAma natthi / sace hi so "etassa samIpe Thito pAsANo vA latA vA Agaccheyya, sarIraM pi Agaccheyya, yathA pana so pAsANo vA latA vA nAgacchati, evaM sarIraM pi nAgacchati / ayaM pana tumhaM upaTTAnAkAro saJajo sAsambhavo, kammaTThAnaM te aja upaTTitaM, mA bhAyi, bhikkhU" ti tAsaM vinodetvA hAsa uppAdetvA tasmi nimitte cittaM saJcarApetabbaM / evaM visesaM adhigcchti| idametaM sandhAya vuttaM-"samantA nimittupalakkhaNA asammohatthA" ti| 26. ekAdasavidhena pana nimittaggAhaM sampAdento kammaTThAnaM upanibandhati / tassa hi cakkhUni ummIletvA olokanapaccayA uggahanimittaM uppajati, tasmi mAnasaM cArentassa ora abhimukha bhUbhAga para TahalanA sambhava na ho, khAlI jagaha na milane se Asana bichAnA bhI sambhava na ho, to usa dizA kI ora na dekhate hue bhI, TahalanA-baiThanA to vahIM cAhiye jahA~ sthAna mile, kintu citta ko usI dizA kI ora, jahA~ vaha azubhanimitta hai, abhimukha kiye rahanA caahiye| 25. aba samantA nimittupalakkhaNaM kimatthiyA (cAroM ora se nimitta ko dhyAna se dekhane kA kyA prayojana hai?) Adi praznoM tathA asammohatthA (asammoha ke liye) Adi uttaroM kA tAtparya yaha hai-kusamaya meM uddhamAtaka nimitta ke sthAna meM jAkara cAroM ora se nimitta ko dhyAnapUrvaka dekhakara nimitta kA grahaNa karane ke liye A~kheM khola kara dekhane vAle ko jaba vaha mRta zarIra uThakara khar3A hotA huA, bhUmi chor3akara Upara uThatA huA, pIchA karatA huA jAna par3atA hai; taba vaha bhikSu usa bIbhatsa, bhayAnaka Alambana ko dekhakara vikSiptacitta, pAgala ke samAna ho jAtA hai| bhaya, jar3atA yA romaharSaNa (royeM khar3e ho jAnA) ho jAte haiN| pAli meM kathita ar3atIsa AlambanoM meM koI anya Alambana isa jaisA bhayAnaka nahIM hai| isI karmasthAna meM kisI-kisI yogI kA dhyAna TaTa jAtA hai| kyoM? karmasthAna kI atyadhika bhayAnakatA ke kaarnn| - isaliye usa yogI ko dRr3hatA ke sAtha smRti banAye rakhakara,"mRta zarIra uThakara pIchA nahIM kara sktaa| yadi usake samIpavartI patthara yA latA Ate to vaha zarIra bhI AtA; kintu patthara yA latA nahIM Ate, ataH zarIra bhI nahIM A rahA hai| yaha to mujhe pratItamAtra ho rahA hai, pUrvavartI saMjJA (=pratyakSa jJAna) se utpanna hai| Aja merA karmasthAna upasthita huA hai| bhikSu, Dara mata"-isa prakAra use bhayapUrvaka na lete hue nimitta meM citta ko lagAye rakhanA caahiye| isa prakAra bhikSu vizeSatA prApta karatA hai| isI ko lakSya karake kahA gayA hai- samantA nimittupalakkhaNA asammohatthA (cAroM ora se nimitto ko dekhanA asammoha ke liye hai)| 26 gyAraha prakAra se nimitta kA grahaNakartA bhikSu karmasthAna meM lagatA hai| jaba vaha A~kheM

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256 visuddhimagga paTibhAganimittaM uppjjti| tattha mAnasaM cArento appanaM pApuNAti / appanAyaM ThatvA vipassanaM vaDDento arahattaM scchikroti| tena vuttaM-ekAdasavidhena nimittaggAho upanibandhanattho ti| 27. gatAgatamaggapaccavekkhaNA vIthisampaTipAdanatthA ti| ettha pana yA gatamaggassa ca Agatamaggassa ca paccavekkhaNA vuttA, sA kammaTThAnavIthiyA sampaTipAdanatthA ti attho| sace hi imaM bhikkhaM kammaTThAnaM gahetvA AgacchantaM antarAmagge keci 'ajja, bhante, katamI' ti divasaM vA pucchati, pahaM vA pucchati, paTisanthAraM vA karonti, 'ahaM kammaTThAniko' ti tuNhIbhUtena gantuM na vttttti| divaso kthetbbo| paJho vissjjetbbo| sace na jAnAti, 'na jAnAmI' ti vattabbaM / dhammiko paTisanthAro kaatbbo| tassevaM karontassa uggahitaM taruNanimittaM nassati / tasmiM nassante pi divasaM puDhena kthetbbmev| pahaM ajAnantena 'na jAnAmI' ti vattabbaM / jAnantena ekadesena kathetuM pi vttttti| paTisanthAro pi kaatbbo| AgantukaM pana bhikkhuM disvA AgantukapaTisanthAro kAtabbo v| avasesAni pi cetiyaGgaNavatta-bodhiyaGgaNavatta-uposathAgAravatta-bhojanasAlA-jantAghara-AcariyupajjhAyaAgantuka-gamikavattAdIni sabbAni khandhakavattAni puuretbbaanev| tassa tAni pUrentassA pi taM taruNanimittaM nassati, 'puna gantvA nimittaM gahissAmI' ti gantukAmassA pi amanussehi vA vALamigehi vA adhiTTitattA susAnaM pi gantuM na sakA hoti, nimittaM vA antrdhaayti| udghamAtakaM hi ekameva vA dve vA divase ThatvA vinIlakAdibhAvaM gcchti| sabbakammaTThAnesu kholakara dekhatA hai, taba usa (avalokana) ke kAraNa se udgrahanimitta utpanna hotA hai| usameM mana lagAye rahane se (usakA cintana-manana karane para) pratibhAganimitta utpanna hotA hai| usa pratibhAganimitta meM mana lagAye rahane se arpaNA prApta hotI hai| arpaNA meM sthita hokara, vipazyanA ko bar3hAte hue arhattva kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai| isaliye kahA gayA hai-ekAdasavidhena nimittaggAho upanibandhanattho (gyAraha prakAra ke nimitta kA grahaNa citta ko bA~dhe rakhane ke liye hai)| 27. gatAgatamaggapaccavekSaNA vIthisampaTipAdanatthA [gatAgata mArga kA pratyavekSaNA vIthi (=mArga, patha) ke samyak pratipAdana ke liye]-jisa mArga se jAyA jA cukA hai aura jisa mArga se AyA gayA hai, usakA pratyavekSaNa karmasthAna kI vIthi ke samyak pratipAdana ke liye hai-yaha artha hai| karmasthAna grahaNa kara lauTate hue isa bhikSu se yadi koI bIca rAste meM "bhante, Aja kauna-sI tithi hai?'-isa prakAra dina pUchatA hai, prazna pUchatA hai yA abhivAdana karatA hai, "to maiM karmasthAna grahaNa kara cukA hU~"aisA socakara cupacApa cale nahIM jAnA cAhiye, apitu dina batAnA cAhiye, prazna kA uttara denA cAhiye / yadi na jAnatA ho, to "nahIM jAnatA hU~-" aisA kahanA cAhiye / yadyapi usake dvArA aisA kiye jAne para kucha hI samaya pUrva prApta udgrahanimitta naSTa ho jAtA hai; kintu bhale hI vaha naSTa ho jAya, dina pUchane para batalAnA cAhiye, abhivAdana bhI karanA caahiye| Agantuka bhikSu ko Ate hue dekhakara apanI ora se Agantuka kA abhivAdana to karanA cAhiye hI! anya bhI caitya ke A~gana viSayaka kartavya, bodhi vRkSa ke A~gana viSayaka karttavya, uposathagRha, bhojanAlaya, agnizAlAviSayaka kartavya, AcArya, upAdhyAya Agantuka, yAtrA ke liye prasthAna karane vAle ke prati kartavya Adi khandhaka (mahAvagga) meM batalAye sabhI kartavyoM ko pUrNa karanA caahiye| unheM pUrNa karate samaya bhI, kucha hI samaya pUrva prApta kiyA gayA usakA nimitta naSTa ho jAtA hai| "phira se jAkara nimitta grahaNa karU~gA"-isa prakAra jAne kI icchA rahane para bhI, amanuSyoM yA

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa 257 etena samaM dullabhaM kammaTThAnaM nAma ntthi| tasmA evaM naTe nimitte tena bhikkhunA rattiTThAne vA divATThAne vA nisIditvA-'ahaM iminA nAma dvArena vihArA nikkhamitvA asukadisAbhimukhaM maggaM paTipajjitvA asukasmi nAma ThAne vAmaM gaNhi, asukasmi dakkhiNaM / tassa asukasmi ThAne pAsANo, asukasmi vambhika-rukkha-gaccha-latAnaM aJjataraM / sohaM tena maggena gantvA asukasmi asubhaM addasaM, tattha asukadasAbhimukhI ThatvA evaM cevaM ca samantA nimittAni sallakkhetvA evaM asubhanimittaM uggahetvA asukadisAya susAnato nikkhamitvA evarUpena nAma maggena idaM cidaM ca karonto AgantvA idha nisanno' ti evaM yAva pallaGka AbhujitvA nisinnaTThAnaM, tAva gatAgatamaggo pccvekkhitbbo| tassevaM pacvekkhato taM nimittaM pAkaTaM hoti, purato nikkhittaM viya uptttthaati| kammaTThAnaM purimAkAreneva vIthiM pttipjti| tena vuttaM-gatAgatamaggapaccavekkhaNA vIthisampaTipAdanatthA ti| 28. idAni AnisaMsadassAvI ratanasaJI hutvA cittIkAraM upaTThapetvA sampiyAyamAno tasmi ArammaNe cittaM upanibandhatI ti| ettha uddhamAtakapaTikUle mAnasaM cAretvA jhAnaM nibbattetvA jhAnapadaTThAnaM vipassanaM vaDDanto "addhA imAya paTipadAya jarAmaraNamhA parimuccissAmI" ti evaM AnisaMsadassAvinA bhavitabbaM / .. yathA pana duggato puriso mahagdhaM maNiratanaM labhitvA 'dullabhaM vata me laddhaM ti tasmi ratanasaJjI hutvA gAravaM janetvA vipulena pemena sampiyAyamAno taM rakkheyya; evameva "dullabhaM jaGgalI jAnavaroM ke kAraNa vivaza hokara zmazAna bhI nahIM jA pAtA, yA nimitta hI antardhAna ho jAtA hai; kyoMki uddhamAtaka to eka-do dina rahatA hai, bAda meM vinIlaka Adi ho jAtA hai| sabhI karmasthAnoM meM isake samAna durlabha karmasthAna dUsarA koI nhiiN| isaliye nimitta ke isa prakAra naSTa ho jAne para, usa bhikSu ko cAhiye ki rAtrikAlIna vizrAmasthala meM yA divasakAlIna sthAna meM baiThakara "maiM isa nAma ke vihAra se nikakara amuka dizA kI ora jAne vAle mArga para calakara amuka nAma ke sthAna para bAyeM ghUmA, amuka para daahine| usa mArga ke amuka sthAna para patthara, amuka para dImaka kI baoNbI, vRkSa, jhAr3I-latA meM se koI eka thaa| maiMne usa mArga se jAkara amuka nAma ke sthAna para azubha ko dekhA aura vahA~ amuka dizA kI ora mukha kiye hue khar3e hokara hI cAroM ora ke nimittoM ko dhyAnapUrvaka dekhate hue, aise azubhanimitta kA grahaNa kara aisA aisA karate hue, vApasa Akara yahA~ baiThA hU~"-isa prakAra, jaba vaha padmAsana se baiThA ho, taba use gatAgata mArga kA pratyavekSaNa karanA caahiye| jaba vaha isa prakAra pratyavekSaNa karatA hai, taba vaha nimitta prakaTa ( spaSTa) hotA hai, sAmane rakhe hue ke samAna jAna par3atA hai| karmasthAna pahale ke samAna hI cittavIthi meM AtA hai| isaliye kahA gayA hai-"gatAgata mArga kA pratyavekSaNa vIthisampAdana ke liye hai|" 28. aba, AnisaMsadassAvI ratanasI hutvA cittIkAraM upadrupetyA sampiyAyamAno tasmi ArammaNe cittaM upanibandhati (guNa dekhate hue, ratna ke samAna mUlyavAn samajhate hue, Adara aura prema karate hue usa Alambana se citta ko bA~dhatA hai)-yahA~, uddhamAtaka-pratikUla meM mana lagAkara dhyAna utpanna kara, dhyAna ke padasthAna vipazyanA ko bar3hAte hue "avazya hI maiM isa mArga ke jarAmaraNa se vimukta ho jAU~gA"- isa prakAra guNadarzI honA caahie| jisa prakAra koI nirdhana puruSa atimUlyavAn mahAgha maNiratna ko pAkara "ahA, mujhe durlabha padArtha prApta huA hai" isa prakAra use ratna samajhate hue usake prati Adara utpanna kara, atyadhika prema ke sAtha usakI rakSA kare, vaise hI "mujhe yaha durlabha karmasthAna prApta huA hai, nirdhana ko atimUlyavAn

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258 visuddhimagga me idaM kammaTThAnaM laddhaM, duggatassa mhgghmnnirtnsdisN| catudhAtukammaTThAniko hi attano cattAro mahAbhUte pariggaNhAti, AnApAnakammaTThAniko attano nAsikAvAtaM pariggaNhAti, kasiNakammaTThAniko kasiNaM katvA yathAsukhaM bhAveti, evaM itarAni kammaTThAnAni sulbhaani| idaM pana ekameva vA dve vA divase titi, tatoparaM vinIlakAdibhAvaM pApuNAtI ti natthi ito dulabhataraM" ti tasmi ratanasaJinA hutvA cittIkAraM upaTThapetvA sampiyAyamAno taM nimittaM rakkhitabbaM / rattiTThAne ca divAThAne ca "uddhamAtakapaTikUlaM uddhamAtakapaTikkUlaM" ti tattha punappunaM cittaM upanibandhitabbaM / punappunaM taM nimittaM AvajitabbaM, manasikAtabbaM, takkAhataM vikacAhataM kaatbbN| 29. tassevaM karoto paTibhAganimittaM uppjti| tatridaM nimittadvayassa naanaakrnnN| uggahanimittaM virUpaM bIbhacchaM bheravadassanaM hutvA uptttthaati| paTibhAganimittaM pana yAvadatthaM bhuJjitvA nipanno thUlaGgapaccaGgapuriso viy|| tassa paTibhAganimittapaTilAbhasamakAlameva bahiddhA kAmAnaM amanasikArA vikkhambhanavasena kAmacchando phiiyti| anunayappahAneneva cassa lohitappahAnena pubbo viya byApAdo pi phiiyti| tathA AraddhaviriyatAya thInamiddhaM, avippaTisArakarasantadhammAnuyogavasena udbhuccakukkuccaM, adhigatavisesassa paccakkhatAya paTipattidesake satthari paTipattiyaM paTipattiphale ca vicikicchA pahIyatI ti paJca nIvaraNAni phiiynti| 30. tasmiJjava ca nimitte cetaso abhiniropanalakkhaNo vitako, nimittAnumajjanamaNiratna ke samAna; kyoMki cAra dhAtuoM ko karmasthAna banAne vAlA yogI to svayaM meM cAra mahAbhUtoM kA spaSTa anubhava (=parigraha) karatA hai, kasiNa ko karmasthAna ke rUpa meM grahaNa karane vAlA svayaM kI nAsikA se Ane vAlI vAyu kA spaSTa anubhava karatA hai, kasiNa ko karmasthAna banAne vAlA kasiNa (maNDala) banAkara, suvidhAnusAra bhAvanA karatA hai; isI prakAra anya karmasthAna bhI sulabha haiN| kintu yaha uddhamAtaka to eka-do dina hI uddhamAtaka rahatA hai, usake bAda to vinIlaka Adi ho jAtA hai, ataH isase adhika durlabha karmasthAna koI nahIM hai"-yoM vicAra kara use ratna samajhate hue Adara aura prema ke sAtha usa nimitta kI rakSA karanI caahiye| bhale hI rAtrikAlIna sthAna ho yA divasakAlIna sthAna, "udamAtaka pratikUla, uddhamAtaka pratikUla" isa prakAra usase citta ko bArambAra bA~dhanA caahiye| bAra bAra usa nimitta kA vicAra, cintana, tarka-vitarka karanA caahiye| 29. jaba vaha aisA karatA hai, taba pratibhAganimitta utpanna hotA hai| donoM nimittoM meM yaha bheda hai-udagrahanimitta nIrUpa, bIbhatsa, bhayAnaka jAna par3atA hai| aura pratibhAganimitta icchA bhara khAkara soye hue sthUlakAya puruSa ke samAna jAna par3atA hai| vaha jaise hI pratibhAganimitta kI prApti karatA hai; bAhya kAmanAoM ke prati dhyAna na dene ke kAraNa damita ho jAne se, kAmacchanda kA prahANa ho jAtA hai| anunaya kA prahANa ho jAne se, usake vyApAda kA bhI prahANa ho jAtA hai, rakta ke na raha jAne para mavAda (gandA khUna) ke samApta ho jAne ke smaan| vaise hI vIrya kA Arambha karane se, styAna-mRddha evaM pazcAttAparahita hone se (=avipratisAra ke) kAraNabhUta (azubha karmasthAna rUpa) zAnta dharma ke sevana (=anuyoga) ke phalasvarUpa auddhatya-kaukRtya kA; upalabdha viziSTatA kI anubhUti ke kAraNa mArga ke upadezaka zAstA, mArga evaM mArga-phala meM sandeha (=vicikitsA) kA prahANa ho jAtA hai| yoM pA~co nIvaraNa prahINa ho jAte haiN| 30. usI nimitta meM citta kI pravRtti rUpa lakSaNa vAlA vitarka, nimitta kA mArjana kRtya karane

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa - 259 kiccaM sAdhayamAno vicAro, paTiladdhavisesAdhigamapaccayA pIti, pItimanassa passaddhisambhavato passaddhi, taMnimittaM sukhaM, sukhitassa cittasamAdhisambhavato sukhanimittA ekaggatA cA ti jhAnaGgAni paatubhvnti| evamassa paThamajjhAnapaTibimbabhUtaM upacArajjhAnaM pi taM khaNaM yeta nibbattati / ito paraM yAva paThamajhAnassa appanA ceva vasippatti ca, tAva sabbaM pathavIkasiNa vuttanayeneva veditabbaM / vinIlakAdibhAvanAvidhAnaM 31. ito paresu pana vinIlakAdIsu pi yaM taM "uddhamAtakaM asubhanimittaM uggaNhanto eko adutiyo gacchati upaTThitAya satiyA" ti AdinA nayena gamanaM Adi katvA lakkhaNaM vuttaM, taM sabbaM "vinIlakaM asubhanimittaM uggaNhanto, vipubbakaM asubhanimittaM uggaNhanto" ti evaM tassa vasena tattha tattha udghamAtakapadamattaM parivattetvA vuttanayeneva savinicchayAdhippAyaM veditbbN| 32. ayaM pana viseso-vinIlake "vinIlakapaTikalaM vinIlakapaTikalaM"ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| uggahanimittaM cettha kabarakabaravaNNaM hutvA upttttaati| paTibhAganimittaM niccalaM sannisina hutvA uptttthaati| . 33. vipubbake "vipubbakapaTikkUlaM vipubbapaTikUlaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| uggahanimittaM panettha paggharantamiva uptttthaati|pttibhaagnimittN niccalaM sannisina hutvA uptttthaati| 34. vicchiddakaM yuddhamaNDale vA corATaviyaM vA susAne vA yattha rAjAno core chindApenti, arao vA pana sIhabyagghehi chinnapurisaTThAne lbbhti| tasmA tathArUpaM ThAnaM vAlA vicAra, upalabdha viziSTatA se utpanna prIti, prItiyukta mana vAle ke liye hI prazrabdhi sambhava hone se prazrabdhi, prabdhi jisakA nimitta hai vaha sukha, usa sukhI kI hI citta kI samAdhi (=ekAgratA) sambhava hone se sukhanimitta vAlI ekAgratA-ye dhyAnAGga prApta hote haiN| ___ isa prakAra upacAra dhyAna, jo ki prathama dhyAna kA pratibimbarUpa hai, usI kSaNa utpanna hotA hai| isake bAda prathama dhyAna meM arpaNA evaM usa paravazitA kI prApti taka saba vidhi pRthvIkasiNa meM ukta vidhAnAnusAra jAnanA caahiye| vinIlaka Adi kI bhAvanAvidhi 31. isake pazcAt, vinIlaka Adi ke viSaya meM jo bhI "vaha uddhamAtaka azubhanimitta ko grahaNa karane vAlA akelA, vinA kisI ko sAtha liye, smRti ko banAye rakhakara jAtA hai" Adi prakAra se, gamana se prArambha kara samagra lakSaNa batalAye gaye haiM-una sabako-"vinIlaka azubhanimitta ko grahaNa karane vAlA"-isa prakAra usI rUpa meM vahA~-vahA~ kevala uddhamAtaka zabda ko haTAkara pUrvoktAnusAra hI, vyAkhyA evaM tAtparya jAnanA caahiye| 32. antara yaha hai-vinIlaka ke prasaGga meM "vinIlaka pratikUla, vinIlaka pratikUla"-isa prakAra cintana karanA cAhiye / yahA~ udgrahanimitta citakabarA (zabala) jAna par3atA hai| kintu pratibhAganimitta usa raMga kA jAna par3atA hai, jisa raMga kI pramukhatA hotI hai arthAt lAla, nIlA yA sapheda raMga kaa| 33. vipubaka meM "vipubbakapratikUla, vipuSbakapratikUla" isa prakAra cintana karanA caahiye| yahA~ udgrahanimitta phUTakara bahatA huA jAna par3atA hai| kintu pratibhAmanimitta nizcala, sthira jAna paDatA hai| 34. vicchiddaka yuddhakSetra meM, coroM dvArA adhikRta jaGgala meM, zmazAna meM, jahA~ rAjA coroM ko

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260 visuddhimagga gantvA sace nAnAdisAyaM patitaM pi ekAvajjanena ApAthaM Agacchati iccetaM kusalaM, no ce Agacchati, sayaM hatthena na parAmasitabbaM / parAmasanto hi vissAsaM Apajjati / tasmA ArAmikena vA samaNuddesena vA ajena vA kenaci ekaTThAne kAretabbaM / alabhantena kattarayaTThiyA vA daNDakena vA ekaGgalantaraM katvA upanAmetabbaM / evaM upanAmetvA "vicchiddakapaTikkUlaM vicchiddakapaTikkUlaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| tattha ugrAhanimittaM majhe chidaM viya upaTThAti / paTibhAganimittaM pana paripuNNaM hutvA uptttthaati| 35. vikkhiAyitake "vikkhAyitapaTiklaM vikkhAyitapaTikalaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| uggahanimittaM panettha tahiM tahiM khAyitasadisameva uptttthaati| paTibhAganimittaM paripuNNaM va hutvA upttttaati| 36. vikkhittakaM pi vicchiddake vuttanayeneva aGgalaGgalantaraM kAretvA vA katvA vA "vikkhittakapaTikkUlaM vikkhittakapaTikUlaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| ettha uggahanimittaM pAkaTantaraM hutvA uptttthaati| paTibhAganimittaM pana paripuNNaM va hutvA uptttthaati| ___37. hatavikkhittakaM pi vicchiddake vuttappakAresu yeva ThAnesu lbbhti| tasmA tattha gantvA vuttanayeneva aGgalaGgalantaraM kAretvA vA katvA vA "hatavikkhittakapaTikkUlaM hatavikkhittakapaTikUlaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| uggahanimittaM panettha paJjAyamAnaM pahAramukhaM viya hoti, paTibhAganimittaM paripuNNameva hutvA uptttthaati| 38. lohitakaM yuddhamaNDalAdIsu laddhappahArAnaM hatthapAdAdIsu vA chinnesu bhinnagaNDakaTavA DAlate hai vahA~ yA jaGgala me siMha-vyAghra Adi dvArA loga mAra diye jAte hai vahA~, prApta hotA hai| isaliye vaise sthAna para jAkara, yadi eka hI bAra dhyAna se dekhane para, aneka dizAoM meM chitarAyA huA bhI dikhAyI par3a jAya to acchA hai| yadi na dikhAyI par3e, to apane hAtha se na chUnA cAhiye, kyoMki chUne para vizvAsa utpanna ho jAtA hai (=vitRSNA kA bhAva bhI jAtA rahatA hai)| isaliye kisI vihAravAsI, zrAmaNera yA kisI anya ke dvArA chitarAye hue aGgoM ko eka sthAna para karavA denA caahiye| yadi zrAmaNera Adi na mile, to chaDI yA DaNDe se sabhI aGgoM ko eka-eka aGgala kA antara rakhate hue, ikaTThA karanA caahiye| isa prakAra ikaTThA karake "vicchidraka pratikUla, vicchidraka pratikUla"isa prakAra cintana karanA cAhiye / yahA~ udgrahanimitta bIca meM chidra (=yukta) sA jAna par3atA hai, kintu pratibhAganimitta pUrNa ke rUpa meM pratIta hotA hai| 35. vikkhAyitaka meM- "vikkhAyitaka pratikUla, vikkhAyitaka pratikUla" isa prakAra cintana karanA caahiye| kintu pratibhAganimitta paripUrNa hokara upasthita hotA hai (=pUrNa rUpa meM pratIta hotA hai)| 36. vikkhittaka kA bhI eka-eka aGgula kI dUrI para, vicchiddaka meM batalAye gaye DhaMga se hI, karavA kara yA karake "vikkhittaka pratikUla, vikkhitaka pratikUla"-isa prakAra cintana karanA caahiye| yahA~ udgrahanimitta ke aGgoM ke bIca kA antara spaSTa rUpa se jAna par3atA hai| kintu pratibhAganimitta pUrNa rUpa meM jAna par3atA hai| 37. hatavikkhittaka bhI vicchiddaka ke prasaGga meM batalAye gaye sthAnoM para hI prApta hotA hai| isaliye vahA~ jAkara, ukta prakAra se eka eka aGgula kI dUrI para karavA kara yA karake "hatavikkhittaka, hatavikkhittaka"-isa prakAra cintana karanA cAhiye / yahA~ udgrahanimitta ghAva ke mukha ke samAna hotA hai| kintu pratibhAganimitta pUrNa rUpa meM hI jAna par3atA hai|

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa 261 pILakAdInaM mukhato paggharamAnakAle lbbhti| tasmA taM disvA "lohitakapaTilaM lohitakapaTikUlaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| ettha uggahanimittaM, vAtappahatA viya rattapaTAkA, calamAnAkaraM uptttthaati| paTibhAganimittaM pana sannisinnaM hutvA uptttthaati| ___39. puLavakaM dvIhatIhaccayena kuNapassa navahi vaNamukhehi kimirAsipaggharakAle hoti / api ca-taM soNasiGgalaamanussagomahiMsahatthiassaajagarAdInaM sarIrappamANameva hutvA sAlibhattarAsi viya titttthti| tesu yattha katthaci "puLavakapaTikUlaM puLavakapaTilaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| cULapiNDapAtikatissattherassa hi kALadIghavApiyA anto hatthikuNape nimittaM uptttthaasi| uggahanimittaM panettha calamAnaM viya uptttthaati| paTibhAganimittaM sAlibhattapiNDo viya sannisinnaM hutvA uptttthaati| 40. aTTikaM "so passeyya sarIraM sIvathikAya chaDDittaM aTThisaGkhalikaM samaMsalohitaM nhArusambandhaM" (ma03-154) ti AdinA nayena nAnappakArato vuttaM / tattha yattha taM nikkhattaM hoti, tattha purimanayeneva gantvA samantA pAsANAdInaM vasena sanimittaM sArammaNaM katvA idaM aTTikaM ti sabhAvabhAvato upalakkhetvA vaNNAdivasena ekAdasahAkArehi nimittaM uggahetabbaM / 41. liGgaM ti idha hatthAdInaM naamN| tasmA hatthapAdasIsaurabAhukaTiUrujaGghAnaM vasena liGgato vavatthapetabbaM / dIgharassavaTTacaturassakhuddakamahantavasena pana saNThAnato 38. lohitaka taba milatA hai jaba yuddhakSetra Adi meM gale hue (pAye gaye) ghAva Adi ke mukha se yA kATe gaye hAtha paira meM utpanna hue phor3e-phusiyoM ke mukha se khUna bahatA rahatA hai| isaliye use dekhakara "lohitaka pratikUla, lohitaka pratikUla"-isa prakAra cintana karanA cAhiye / yahA~ udgrahanimitta havA meM hilate hue lAla raMga ke jhaNDe ke samAna caJcala jAna par3atA hai| kintu pratibhAganimitta sthira pratIta hotA hai| 39. puLavakanimitta mRta zarIra meM usa samaya hotA hai, jaba do tIna dina bIta jAne para zarIra ke nau (9) pramukha chidroM se samUharUpa meM kRmi nikalane lagate haiN| api ca-vaha kRmiyoM kI rAzi kutte, siyAra, amanuSya, gAya, bhaiMsa, hAthI-ghor3A, ajagara Adi ke deha-parimANa meM hI, zAli (=dhAna kI eka prajAti) ke bhAta ke piNDa ke samAna hotA hai| unameM se kisI ke mRta zarIra meM bhI "puLavaka pratikUla, puLavaka pratikUla"-isa prakAra cintana karanA caahiye| cULapiNDapAtika tiSyasthavira ko kAladIghavApI (zrIlaGkA meM eka sthAna) meM hAthI ke mRta zarIra meM nimitta jAna par3A / yahA~ udgrahanimitta sacala pratIta hotA hai| kintu pratibhAganimitta zAli ke bhAta ke piNDa ke samAna sthira jAna par3atA hai| 40. ahika- "mAno vaha zmazAna meM pheMke gaye, mAMsa-rakta se yukta, nasoM meM ba~dhe hue asthikaGkAla ko dekha rahA ho" (ma0ni03-154) Adi prakAra se asthika ko aneka prakAra se batalAyA gayA hai| vaha jahA~ kahIM bhI par3A ho, vahA~ pUrva prakAra se jAkara, cAroM ora ke patthara Adi ke anusAra nimitta va Alambana ke sAtha grahaNa kara "yaha asthika hai"-aisA usake svabhAva ke anusAra bhalIbhA~ti vicAra kara, varNa Adi ke anusAra, gyAraha prakAra kA nimitta grahaNa karanA caahiye| 41. kintu use "varNa seveta hai" isa rUpa meM dekhane vAle ko vaha nimitta kutsita rUpa meM nahIM jAna par3atA; kyoMki vaise vaha avadAta kasiNa kA hI eka bheda ho jAtA hai| isaliye "asthika hai"isa prakAra pratikUla ke rUpa meM hI avalokana karanA caahiye| liGga kA artha hai hAtha aadi| ataH hAtha, paira, sira, bA~ha, kamara, jA~gha ke anusAra liGga kA vicAra karanA caahiye| lambA, nATA. vRtta, caturbhuja,choTe, bar3e ke anusAra saNThAna (AkAra) kA vicAra

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262 visuddhimagga vavatthapetabbaM / disokAsA vuttanayA ev| tassa tassa aTThino pariyantavasena paricchedato vavatthapetvA yadevettha pAkaTaM hutvA upaTThAti, taM gahetvA appanA paapunnitbbaa| tassa tassa aTThino ninnaTThAnavasena pana ninnato ca thalato ca vavatthapetabbaM / padesavasenA pi 'ahaM ninne Thito aTThi thale, ahaM thale aTThi ninne' ti pi vavatthapetabbaM / dvinnaM pana aTThikAnaM ghaTitaghaTitavAnavasena sandhito vavatthapetabbaM / aTThikAnaM, yeva antaravasena vivarato vavatthapetabbaM / sabbattheva pana ANaM cAretvA imasmi ThAnedamaTThI ti samantato vavatthapetabbaM / evaM pi nimitte anupagRhante nalATaTThimhi cittaM saNThapetabbaM / 42. yathA cettha, evaM idaM ekAdasavidhena nimittagahaNaM ito purimesu puLavakAdIsu pi yujjamAnavasena salakkhetabbaM / idaM ca pana kammaTThAnaM sakalAya pi aTThikasaGkhalikAya ekasmi pi aTThike smpjjti| tasmA tesu yattha katthaci ekAdasavidhena nimittaM uggahetvA "aTThikapaTikkUlaM aTThikapaTikkUlaM" ti manasikAro pvttetbbo| idha uggahanimittaM pi paTibhAganimittaM pi ekasadisameva hotI ti vuttaM, taM ekasmi aTThike yuttN| aTThikasaGkhalikAya pana uggahanimitte paJjAyamAne vivrtaa| paTibhAganimitte paripuNNabhAvo yujjati / ekaDhike pi ca uggahanimittena bIbhacchena bhayAnakena bhavitabbaM / paTibhAganimittena pItisomanassajanakena, upcaaraavhttaa| 43. imasmi hi okAse yaM aTThakathAsu vuttaM, taM dvAraM datvA va vuttaM / tathA hi tattha karanA caahiye| dizA aura rikta sthAna kA vicAra pahale kahe gaye ke anusAra asthi kI lambAIcaur3AI (=paryanta) ke anusAra asthikaGkAla ke pariccheda kA vicAra karake, jo bhI asthi yahA~ spaSTa paDe usI kA grahaNa kara kamazaH arpaNA prApta karanI cAhiye / pratyeka asthi ke nIce aura U~ce sthAna (pariccheda) ke anusAra nicAI-U~cAI kA vicAra karanA caahiye| pradeza ke anusAra bhI-"mai nIce sthita hU~, asthi U~cAI para hai; maiM U~cAI para hU~, asthi nicAI para hai"-isa prakAra bhI vicAra karanA caahiye| do asthiyoM ke jor3a vAle sthAna ke rUpa meM sandhi kA vicAra karanA caahiye| sthiyoM ke bIca ke antara ke rUpa meM vivara kA vicAra karanA cAhiye / sabako jJAna kA viSaya banAkara (=sarvatra jJAna kA saJcAra kara) "isa sthAna para yaha asthi hai"-isa prakAra samantataH (cAroM ora kA) vicAra karanA cAhiye / yadi isa prakAra bhI nimitta upasthita na ho to lalATa meM citta ko sthira karanA caahiye| 42. jaise yahA~, vaise hI isake pUrva puLavaka Adi meM bhI ukta gyAraha (11) prakAra se nimitta kI yojanA kara lenI caahiye| yaha karmasthAna samagra asthikaGkAla meM bhI aura kevala eka asthi meM bhI utpanna hotA hai| isaliye unameM se kisI eka meM bhI gyAraha prakAra se nimitta grahaNa karake "asthika pratikUla, asthika pratikUla" isa prakAra cintana karanA cAhiye-yahA~-"udgrahanimitta aura pratibhAganimitta eka-sA hI hotA hai" aisA jo kahA gayA hai, vaha eka asthi ke bAre meM kahA gayA hai| kintu asthikaGkAla ke udgrahanimitta meM vivara jAna par3anA aura pratibhAganimitta kA paripUrNa ke rUpa meM pratIta honA yukta pratIta hotA hai| evaM udgrahanimitta bhale hI eka hI asthi meM ho, avazya hI bIbhatsa, bhayAnaka hotA hai| kintu pratibhAganimitta, kyoMki upacAra ko lAtA hai ataH, prIti aura saumanasya utpanna karatA hai| 43 isa sandarbha meM jo kucha aTThakathAoM meM kahA gayA hai, vaha uparyukta nigamana (upasaMhAra) kA /

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6. asubhakammachAnaniddesa 263 "catUsu brahmavihAresu dasasu ca asubhesu paTibhAganimittaM ntthi| brahmavihAresu hi sImasambhedo yeva nimittN| dasasu ca asubhesu nibbikappaM katvA paTiyUlabhAve yeva diDhe nimittaM nAma hotI" ti vatvA pi puna antarantarameva, "duvidhaM idha nimittaM-uggahanimittaM, paTibhAganimittaM / uggahanimittaM virUpaM bIbhacchaM bhayAnakaM hutvA upaTThAtI"ti Adi vuttN| tasmA yaM vicAretvA avocumha, idamevettha yuttN| api ca-mahAtissattherassa dantaTThikamattAvalokanena sakalithisarIrassa aTThisaGghAtabhAvena upaTThAnAdIni cettha nidassanAnI ti| iti asubhAni subhaguNo dasasatalocanena thutkitti| yAni avoca dasabalo ekekajjhAnahetUnI // ti|| pakiNNakakathA evaM tAni ca tesaM ca bhAvanAnayamimaM viditvaan| tesveva ayaM bhiyyo pakiNNakakathA pi vijeyyaa|| 44. etesu hi yattha katthaci adhigatajjhAno suvikkhambhitarAgattA vItarAgo viya nilloluppacAro hoti| evaM sante pi yvAyaM asubhappabhedo vutto, so sarIrasabhAvappattivasena ca rAgacaritabhedavasena cA ti veditbbo| chavasarIraM hi paTikUlabhAvaM ApajamAnaM uddhamAtakasabhAvappattaM vA siyA, vinIlakAdInaM vA anyjtrsbhaavppttN| iti yAdisaM yAdisaM sakA hoti laddhaM tAdise samarthana karatA hai| kyoMki unameM-"cAra brahmavihAroM aura dasa azubhoM meM pratibhAganimitta nahIM hotaa| ina brahmavihAroM (=maitrI, karuNA, muditA, upekSA) meM to sImAoM kA bhaGga honA hI nimitta hai; aura dasa azubhoM meM vicAra kiye vinA hI, pratikUla ko dekhate hI, nimitta utpanna ho jAtA hai"-isa prakAra kahe jAne para bhI usake turanta bAda hI-"yahA~ dvividha nimitta haiM-udgrahanimitta aura prtibhaagnimitt| udgrahanimitta virUpa, bIbhatsa, bhayAnaka jAna par3atA hai"-Adi kahA gayA hai| isaliye vicAra karane ke bAda jo hamane pratipAdita kiyA hai, vahI yahA~ yukta hai| isake atirikta, mahAtiSya sthavira ko dA~ta kI asthi dekhane mAtra se hI strI ke samasta zarIra kI asthikaGkAla ke rUpa meM pratIti honA-Adi yahA~ udAharaNa haiN| isa prakAra zubha guNoM vAle, sahasrAkSa (indra) dvArA prazaMsita kIrti vAle dazabala (buddha) ne ekaeka dhyAna ke hetu jina azubhoM ko batalAyA, unheM aura unakI bhAvanA karane kI isa vidhi ko isa prakAra jAnakara, unheM yaha adholikhita atirikta prakIrNaka varNana jAnanA caahiye|| prakIrNaka varNana 44. inameM se kisI meM bhI dhyAna ko prApta karane vAlA bhikSu rAga ke bhalIbhA~ti damita ho jAne se, vItarAga ke samAna, lobharahita hokara vicarane vAlA ho jAtA hai| aisA hone para bhI arthAt sabhI daza azubhoM meM se kisI eka meM dhyAna prApta karane kA uparyukta sAmAnya lAbha hone para bhI, jo ye azubha ke bheda batalAye gaye haiM, ve mRta zarIra kI svabhAvaprApti ke anusAra evaM rAgacarita ke bhedoM ke anusAra haiMaisA jAnanA caahiye| jaba koI zava pratikUlatA (=kutsita bhAva) ko prApta hotA hai, taba vaha uddhamAtaka svabhAva ko prApta karatA hai yA vinIlaka Adi kisI anya svabhAva ko| vaha jisa jisa rUpa meM prApta ho, usa usa

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264 visuddhimagga tAdise udbhumAtakapaTikUlaM ti evaM nimittaM gaNhitabbaM evA ti sarIrasabhAvappattivasena dasadhA asubhappabhedo vutto ti veditbbo| 45. visesato cettha uddhamAtakaM sarIrasaNThAnavipattippakAsanato saNThAnarAgino sppaayN| vinIlakaM chavirAgavipattippakAsanato sarIravaNNarAgino sppaayN| vipubbakaM kAyavaNapaTibaddhassa duggandhabhAvassa pakAsanatA mAlAgandhAdivasena samuTThApitasarIragandharAgino sappAyaM / vicchiddakaM antosusirabhAvappakAsanato sarIre ghanabhAvarAgino sppaayN| vikkhAyitakaM maMsUpacayasampattivinAsappakAsanato thanAdIsu sarIrappadesesu maMsUpacayarAgino sappAyaM / vikkhittakaM aGgapaccaGgAnaM vikkhepappakAsanato aGgapaccaGgalIlArAgino sppaayN| hatavikkhittakaM sarIrasaGghAtabhedavikArappakAsanato sarIrasaGghAtasampattirAgino sappAyaM / lohitakaM lohitamakkhitapaTiphUlabhAvappakAsanato alaGkArajanitasobhArAgino sppaayN| puLavakaM kAyassa anekakimikulasAdhAraNabhAvappakAsanato kAye mamattarAgino sppaaye| aTTikaM sarIraTThInaM paTikUlabhAvappakAsanato dantasampattirAgino sappAyaM ti| evaM rAgacaritabhedavasenA pi dasadhA asubhappabhedo vutto ti veditbbo| 46. yasmA pana dasavidhe pi etasmi asubhe seyyathApi nAma aparisaNThitajalAya rUpa meM "uddhamAtaka pratikUla" Adi prakAra se nimitta kA grahaNa karanA hI caahiye| ataH jAnanA cAhiye ki zarIra-svabhAva kI prApti ke anusAra dasa prakAra se azubha ke bheda batalAye gaye haiN|| uddhamAtaka Adi kA vizeSa upayoga 45. yogI kI vaiyaktika vizeSatA ke anusAra- uddhamAtaka kyoMki zArIrika AkAra kI vikRti kA prakAzana karatA hai, ataH una logoM ke liye upayukta hai jo ki zArIrika AkAra (=AkRti, nAsikA Adi kA gaThana Adi) ke prati rAga se yukta haiN| vinIlaka kAya ke AkarSaka varNa kI vikRti kA prakAzaka hone se, zarIra ke varNa meM rAga rakhane vAloM ke liye upayukta hai| vipubbaka kAya ke vraNa (ghAva, phor3A) se sambaddha durgandha kA prakAzaka hone se, mAlA, itra Adi se utpanna zarIra kI sugandha meM rAga rakhane vAloM ke liye upayukta hai| vicchidaka-kAyAntaHpAti ananta chidroM ke darzana se zarIra meM ghanabhAva (moha) rakhane vAle sAdhaka ke liye anukUla hai| vikkhAyitaka mAMsalatA rUpa daihika sampatti kI nazvaratA kA prakAzaka hone se, stana Adi zarIra ke bhAgoM kI mAMsalatA ke prati rAga rakhane vAloM ke liye upayukta hai| vikkhittaka aGga pratyaGga ke chinna-bhinna ho jAne kA prakAzaka hone se, aGga pratyaGga ke lIlA-vilAsa meM rAga rakhane vAloM ke liye upayukta hai| hatavikkhittaka zarIra kI sampUrNatA (saGghAta) ke bhaGga hone aura vikRta hone kA prakAzaka hone se, zarIra kI sampUrNatA meM rAga rakhane vAloM ke liye upayukta hai| lohitaka-khUna se lathapatha hone ke kAraNa pratikUlatA kA prakAzaka hone se alaGkArajanya zobhA meM rAga rakhane vAloM ke liye upayukta hai| puLavaka-kAyA ke nAnA krimiyoM kI rAzi kA AbhAsa honA dikhAne se kAyA meM mamatva kI pratikUlatA dyotita karatA hai| aTThika-zarIra kI asthiyoM kI pratikUlatA kA prakAzaka hone se svazarIra ko danta-sampatti meM rAga rakhane vAloM ke liye upayukta hai| isa prakAra rAgacarita ke bheda ke anusAra azubha kA dazavidha prabheda batalAyA gayA hai, aisA jAnanA caahiye| 46. yaha azubha dazavidha hone para bhI; jaise caJcala jala ke teja bahAva vAlI nadI meM nAva .

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6. asubhakammaTThAnaniddesa 265 sIghasotAya nadiyA arittabaleneva nAvA tiTThati, vinA arittabalena na sakkA ThapetuM; evameva dubbalattA ArammaNassa vitakkabaleneva cittaM ekaggaM hutvA tiTThati, vinA vitakkena na sakkA ThapetuM / tasmA paThamajjhAnamevettha hoti, na dutiyAdIni / 47. paTikkUle pi ca etasmi ArammaNe " addhA imAya paTipadAya jarAmaraNamhA parimuccissAmI " ti evaM AnisaMsadassAvitAya ceva nIvaraNasantApappahAnena ca patisomanassaM uppajjati, 'bahuM dAni vetanaM labhissAmI' ti AnisaMsadassAvino pupphachaDDakassa gUtharAsimhi viya ussannabyAdhidukkhassa rogino vamanavirecanappavattiyaM viya ca / 48. dasavidhaM pi cetaM asubhaM lakkhaNato ekameva hoti / dasavidhassA pi tassa asuciduggandhajegucchapaTikkUlabhAvo eva lakkhaNaM / tadetaM iminA lakkhaNena na kevalaM matasarIre, dantaTThikadassAvino pana cetiyapabbatavAsino mahAtissattherassa viya, hatthikkhandhagataM rAjAnaM olokentassa saGgharakkhitattherupaTTAkasAmaNerassa viya ca jIvamAnakasarIre pi uTThAti / yatheva hi matasarIraM evaM jIvamAnakaM pi asubhameva / asubhalakkhaNaM panettha Agantukena alaGkArena paricchannattA na paJJAyati / pakatiyA pana idaM sarIraM nAma atirekatisata - aTThikasamussayaM asIti-satasandhisaGghaTitaM navanhArusatanibandhanaM navamaMsapesisatAnulittaM allacammapariyonaddhaM chaviyA paTicchannaM chiddAvachiddaM medakathAlikA viya niccuggharitapaggharitaM kimisaGghanisevitaM rogAnaM AyatanaM dukkhadhammAnaM vatthu paribhinnapurANagaNDo viya navahi vaNamukhehi satatavissandanaM / yassa ubhohi akkhIhi akkhigUthako paggharati, kaNNabilehi kaNNagUthako, nAsApuTehi siGghANikA, mukhato AhArapittasemharudhirAni, adhodvAre ha I laMgara ke bala se hI rukatI hai, binA laMgara ke nahIM ruka pAtI; vaise hI, kyoMki Alambana kI durbalatA ke kAraNa vitarka ke bala se hI citta ekAgra hokara rahatA hai, vinA vitarka ke nahIM Tika sakatA; ataH yahA~ kevala prathama dhyAna hotA hai, dvitIya Adi nhiiN| 47. aura " yadyapi Alambana pratikUla hai, phira bhI avazya hI isa mArga se maiM jarAmaraNa se mukta ho jAU~gA"- isa prakAra guNa dekhane se evaM nIvaraNajanya santApa kA prahANa ho jAne se prIti aura saumanasya utpanna hote haiM, jaise ki "aba bahuta vetana pAU~gA" isa prakAra socakara bhaGgI (= mailA Dhone vAlA. pupphachaDDuka) mala ke Dhera meM aura utpanna vyAdhi se duHkhI rogI vamana virecana hone meM guNa (= lAbha) dekhatA hai| 48. yaha dazavidha azubha, lakSaNa ke anusAra eka hI hotA hai; kyoMki yadyapi yaha saGkhyA se dazavidha hai, tathApi apavitra, durgandhita, jugupsAjanaka aura pratikUla honA hI isakA lakSaNa hai| aisA vaha azubha ina lakSaNoM se na kevala mRta zarIra meM, apitu dA~ta kI asthiyoM ko azubha rUpa meM dekhane vAle caityaparvatavAsI mahAtiSya sthavira ke samAna aura hAthI para baiThe hue rAjA ko dekhane vAle saGgharakSita sthavira ke sevaka zrAmaNera ke samAna, jIvita zarIra meM bhI jAna paDatA hai| mRta zarIra ke hI samAna jIvita (zarIra) bhI azubha hI hai| kintu yahA~ (= jIvita zarIra meM) azubha kA lakSaNa Agantuka alaGkAroM (=sAja-zrRMgAra) se Dha~ke rahane se nahIM jAna par3atA hai, kintu svabhAva se to yaha zarIra tIna sau se adhika asthiyoM kA samuccaya, eka sau assI sandhiyoM (jor3oM) se jur3A, nau sau se ba~dhA nau sau mAMsapeziyoM se lipaTA huA, bhItarI gIlI tvacA se lapeTA huA, UparI tvacA se Dha~kA huA, choTe bar3e chidroM se bahane vAlA, krimiyoM ke samUha se sevita, rogoM kA ghara, duHkha-dharmoM kA Azraya, phUTe hue

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266 visuddhimagga uccArapassAvA, navanavutiyA lomakUpasahassehi asucisedayUso pgghrti| nIlamakkhikAdayo samparivArenti / yaM dantakaTTha-mukhadhovana-sIsamakkhana-nhAnanivAsana-pArupanAdIhi apaTijaggitvA yathAjAto va pharusavippakiNNakeso hutvA gAmena gAmaM vicaranto rAjA pi pupphachaDDakacaNDAlAdIsu aJataro pi samasarIrapaTikUlatAya nibbiseso hoti, evaM asuciduggandhajegucchapaTikUlatAya ro vA caNDAlassa vA sarIravemattaM nAma ntthi| dantakaTTha-mukhadhovanAdIhi panettha dantamalAdIni pamajjitvA nAnAvatthehi hirikopInaM paTicchAdetvA nAnAvaNNena suribhivilepanena vilimpatvA pupphAbharaNAdIhi alaGkaritvA ahaM mamaM ti gahetabbAkArappattaM kronti| tato iminA Agantukena alaGkArena paTicchannattA tadassa yAthAvasarasaM asubhalakkhaNaM asaJjAnantA purisA itthisu, ithiyo ca purisesu ratiM kronti| paramatthato panettha rajjitabbakayuttaTThAnaM nAma aNumattaM pi ntthi| ___ tathA hi kesalomanakhadantakheLasiGghANikauccArapassAvAdIsu ekakoTThAsaM pi sarIrato bahi patitaM sattA hatthena chupituM pi na icchanti aTTiyanti, harAyanti, jigucchanti / yaM yaM panettha avasesaM hoti, taM taM evaM paTikUlaM pi samAnaM, avijandhakArapariyonaddhA attasineharAgarattA, iThaM kantaM niccaM sukhaM attA ti gaNhanti / te evaM gaNhantA aTaviyaM kiMsukarukkhaM disvA rukkhato apatitapuSphaM"ayaM maMsapesI"ti vihaJjamAnena.jarasiGgAlena samAnataM Apajjanti / tasmAjaharabAda (viSavraNa) ke samAna nau vraNa-mukhoM se lagAtAra bahatA rahane vAlA hai| jisakI donoM A~khoM se kIcar3a (gIDha) nikalatA rahatA hai, kAna ke chedoM se maila, nAka ke chedoM se siNaka (siGghANaka), mukha se AhAra, pitta, zleSmA (=kapha) rakta; nIce ke dvAroM se malamUtra, ninyAnave hajAra romachidroM se gandA pasInA cUtA rahatA hai| nIlamakkhiyA~ Adi cAroM ora se ghere rahatI haiN| jisa zarIra kA dAtauna, mukhaprakSAlana, sira para mAliza, srAna (vastra) pahanAnA-or3hAnA Adi na kara, jaisA janma se hai vaise hI, rUkhe bikhare bAloM vAlA bane rahakara yadi gA~va-gA~va phiratA rahe, to samAna zarIra kI pratikUlatA kI dRSTi se rAjA aura cANDAla Adi meM koI antara na raha jaay| isa prakAra apavitra, durgandhita, jugupsAjanaka, pratikUla hone kI dRSTi se rAjA aura cANDAla ke zarIra meM koI bheda nahIM hai| kintu dAtauna, mukhaprakSAlana Adi ke dvArA dA~ta ke maila Adi kA parimArjana kara, nAnA vastroM se guptAGgoM ko DhaMkakara, aneka raGgoM ke lepoM, aGgarAga Adi sugandhita lepoM se lepakara, puSpoM, alaGkAroM se alavRtta kara aise isa kutsita zarIra ko loga "maiM aura merA" isa prakAra mamatva grahaNa karane yogya banAte haiN| isaliye ina Agantuka alaGkAroM se DhaMke hone ke kAraNa isake yathArtha svabhAva ko, azubha lakSaNa ko, na jAnate hue hI puruSa striyoM se aura striyA~ puruSoM se prema karatI haiN| kintu paramArthataH to yahA~ isa zarIra meM prema (rAga) karane yogya sthAna aNumAtra bhI nahIM hai| aura zarIra se bAhara gire hue keza, roma, nakha, dA~ta, thUka, siNaka, malamUtra Adi meM se kisI ko bhI loga hAtha se chUnA taka nahIM cAhate, apitu unase udvigna hote haiM, lajjA karate haiM, ghRNA karate haiN| vaise to jo usa zarIra meM raha jAtA hai, vaha pratikUlatA meM samAna hI hai, kintu avidyArUpI andhakAra se AvRta hone ke kAraNa, svayaM ke prati roha ke calate rAgaraMkta hokara ajJAnI jana usa zarIra ko iSTa, kAnta, nitya, sukha, AtmA ke rUpa meM grahaNa karate haiN| isa prakAra grahaNa karate hue ve loga jaGgala meM kiMzuka ke vRkSa (=jisake phUla lAla raMga ke hote haiM) ko dekhakara, vRkSa se na gire hue

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6. asubhakammaTThAnanidesa yathApi puSpitaM disvA siGgAlo kiMsukaM vane / 'maMsarukkho mayA laddho' iti gantvAna vegasA // patitaM patitaM pupphaM DaMsitvA atilolupo / nayidaM maMsaM aduM maMsaM yaM rukkhasmi ti gaNhAtiM // koTThAsaM patitaM yeva asubhaM ti tathA budho / aggahetvA gaNheyya sarIraTTaM pi na tathA // imaM hi subhato kAyaM gahetvA tattha mucchitA / bAlA karontA pApAni dukkhA na parimuccare // tasmA passeyya medhAvI jIvato vA matassa vA / sabhAvaM pUtikAyassa subhabhAvena vajjitaM // 50. vRttaM hetaM 49. " duggandho asuci kAyo kuNapo ukkarUpamo / nindito cakkhubhUtehi kAyo bAlAbhinandito // allacammapaTicchanno navadvAro mahAvaNo / samantato paggharati asuci pUtigandhiyo // sace imasa kAyassa anto bAhirako siyA / daNDaM nUna gatvAna kAke soNe nivAraye" ti // 267 phUloM ke viSaya meM "yaha mAMsapezI hai"- aisA soca-soca kara vyAkula hone vAle bUr3he siyAra ke samAna hote haiN| 49. jisa prakAra koI paramalobhI siyAra vana meM phUle hue kiMzuka ko dekhakara "maiMne mAMsa kA per3a pA liyA " - aisA socakara vahA~ daur3ate hue jAtA hai / / aura gire hue phUloM para mu~ha mArate hue, "yaha mAMsa nahIM hai, jo per3a para hai vahI mAMsa hai"aisA mAnatA hai| usa prakAra buddhimAn na kreN| arthAt vaha aisA na mAne ki "zarIra se girA huA bhAga hI azubha hai", apitu jo zarIra meM hai use bhI vaisA hI maane|| mUrkha isa kAya ko zubha mAnate hue usameM mugdha hote haiN| ve isake sahAre pApa karate hue duHkhoM se chuTakArA nahIM pAte / / isaliye buddhimAn ko jIvita yA mRta apavitra kAya ke zubhatva se rahita svabhAva ko dekhanA samajhanA cAhiye / / 50. kahA bhI hai "durgandhita, apavitra kAya zaucAlaya ke samAna ghRNita hai| yaha kAya (prajJA) cakSuvAloM ke dvArA nindita aura mUrkhoM ke dvArA hI abhinandita hai / / "gIle (bhItarI) camar3e se Dha~kA nau dvAroM vAlA yaha (zarIrarUpI) mahAvraNa cAroM ora se durgandhita gandagI bahA rahA hai| "yadi isa zarIra kA bhItarI bhAga bAhara hotA to pratyeka zarIradhArI ko svarakSAhetu avazya hI DaNDA lekara kauvoM aura kuttoM ko rokanA par3atA / / "

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vizuddhimagga tasmA dabbajAtikena bhikkhunA jIvamAnasarIraM vA hotuM matasarIraM vA, yattha yattha asubhAkAro paJJAyati, tattha tatheva nimittaM gahetvA kammaTThAnaM appanaM pApetabbaM ti // 268 * iti sAdhujanapAmojjatthAya kate visuddhimagge samAdhibhAvanAdhikAre asubhakammaTThAnaniddeso nAma chaTTo paricchedo // isaliye uttara (zreSTha) manuSya dharma ko prApta karane kI yogyatA rakhane vAle buddhimAn bhikSu ko, cAhe jIvita zarIra ho yA mRta zarIra, jahA~ bhI azubha kI pratIti ho vahA~ vaisA hI nimitta grahaNa kara karmasthAna ko arpaNA taka pahu~cAnA cAhiye / / sAdhujanoM ke pramoda hetu viracita visuddhimagga ke samAdhibhAvanAdhikAra meM azubhakarmasthAnanirdeza nAmaka SaTha pariccheda samApta //

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