Jinbhadragani Krut Dhyanshatak evam uski Haribhadriya Tika Ek Tulnatmak Adhyayan

Author(s): Priyashraddhanjanashreeji
Publisher: Priyashraddhanjanashreeji
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003973/1

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"jinaddhayati dhyAnazataka evaM usakI harindrIya TIkA eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana SIC yA. ujjaina darzanazAstra vibhAga bhI-eca.DI. upAdhi hetu prastuta zodha-prabaMdha 2012 zodha donha prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura zodha-nirdezaka DaoN. sAgaramala jaina saMsthApaka, nidezaka prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura (ma.pra.) zodhArthI sAdhvI priyazraddhAMjanA zrI vikrama nizva vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina (ma.pra.) For Personal & Private Use Only

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"jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadIya TIkA eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana" vizvavidyAlaya ummeda vikrama zodha-nirdezaka DaoN. sAgaramala jaina saMsthApaka, nidezaka prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura (ma. pra. ) ke darzanazAstra vibhAga meM pI-eca. DI. upAdhi hetu prastuta zodha-prabaMdha 2012 zodha kendra prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura zodhArthI sAdhvI priyazraddhAMjanA zrI vikrama vizva vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina (ma. pra. ) For Personal & Private Use Only

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Appendix - 3 Declaration by the Candidate (Para 12 b) I declare that the Thesis entitled - "jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI Ratu An: o Aria 37874" is my own work, conducted under supervision of Dr. Sagarmal Jain at Prachya Vidhyapeeth, Shajapur (M.P.) approved by the research degree committee. I have put in more than 200 days of attendance with the supervisor at the centre. I further declare that to the best of my knowledge the thesis does not contain any part of any work which has been submitted for award of any degree either in this University or in any other university deemed university without proper citation. ot tsi priyojanA 47 Signature of Supervisor 14 Signature of Candidate mwul Signature of the Director of Prachya-Vidyapeeth Shajapur For Personal & Private Use Only

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Appendix-4 Certificate of the Supervisor (Para 12 C) This is to certify that the work entitled "jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadrIya TIkA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana" is a peace of research work done by sAdhvI zrI priyazraddhAMjanA zrI oft under my guidance and supervision for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (in the deptt. of Philosophy) University- Vikram Vishwavidyalay, Ujjain (M.P.) India, That the candidate has put in an attendance of more than 200 days with me. To the best of my Knowledge and belief the thesis: (i) embodies the work of the candidate himself. (ii) has duly been completed. (iii) fulfills the requirements of the Ordinance relating to the Ph.D. Degree of the University. (iv) it is up to the standard both in respect of Contents and language for being referred to the examiner. (am lumity Signature of the Supervisor Forwarded....... Amm Signature of Director of Prachya Vidyapeeth For Personal & Private Use Only

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varttamAna yuga meM manuSya tanAva se grasta hai| tanAva kA udbhava saMkalpa - vikalpoM se hotA hai| saMkalpa - vikalpa manojanya avasthAe~ haiM / ve mana kI bhAga-daur3a kI sUcaka haiN| jaba taka caMcala mana saMkalpa - vikalpoM meM ulajhA huA hai aura cAha evaM cintA se yukta hai, taba taka vaha tanAvagrasta hai| tanAvoM se mukti ke lie citta yA mana kI caMcalatAoM ko samApta karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, isI kAraNa yoga-sAdhanA kA lakSya cittavRtti-nirodha mAnA gayA hai| citta yA mana kI caMcalatA kI parisamApti dhyAna ke mAdhyama se hI saMbhava hai, isIlie kahA gayA hai ki citta kI sthiratA hI dhyAna hai / kahA bhI gayA hai prastAvanA - jaM thiramajjhavasANaM taM jhANaM jaM calaM tayaM cittaM / jhANajjhayaNa, gAthA- 2 cittavRtti ke nirodha ke lie yoga aura dhyAna kI sAdhanA kI paramAvazyakatA hai / Aja vizva meM dhyAna ke prati AkarSaNa bar3hatA jA rahA hai, kyoMki mAnava tanAvagrasta hotA jA rahA hai| pariNAmataH, Aja aneka prakAra kI dhyAna-paddhatiyA~ astitva meM AI haiN| jaina-paramparA meM dhyAna kA vizeSa rUpa se mahattva rahA huA hai, kyoMki vaha cittavRtti kI samAdhi ko hI apanI sAdhanA kA lakSya mAnatI hai| -- 'isibhAsiyAi - sUtra' meM kahA gayA hai - jaise zarIra meM sira kI pradhAnatA hai, usI prakAra sAdhanA meM dhyAna kI pradhAnatA hai / varttamAna yuga meM dhyAna para bahuta kucha likhA jA rahA hai aura prayoga meM bhI lAyA jA rahA hai| jaina - paramparA meM bhI dhyAna ko lekara vibhinna AlekhAdi likhe gae haiM, phira bhI dhyAna - saMbaMdhI mUla granthoM ko TaTolane kA prayatna kama hI huA hai / jaina - paramparA meM dhyAna ke sambandha meM Agama ke pazcAt yadi koI grantha upalabdha hotA hai, to vaha 'dhyAnAdhyayana' yA 'dhyAnazataka' hai| yaha grantha jinabhadragaNi For Personal & Private Use Only

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kSamAzramaNa ke dvArA prAkRta bhASA meM viracita hai| isakA racanAkAla chaThavIM zatAbdI hai| isa para sabase pahale jo TIkA likhI gaI hai, vaha AcArya haribhadrasUri ke dvArA AThavIM zatAbdI meM likhI gaI hai| merI jAnakArI meM isa viSaya para koI zodha-kArya nahIM huA thA, ataH maiMne apane zodha kA viSaya 'jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka kI haribhadrIyavRtti : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana' nizcita kiyaa| jaisA ki maiMne prAraMbha meM ullekha kiyA hai ki vartamAna yuga kI pramukha samasyAoM meM se eka samasyA 'mAnava kA tanAvagrasta honA' hai aura tanAvoM se mukti kA mArga dhyAna ke atirikta aura kucha ho hI nahIM sktaa| dhyAna ke mAdhyama se hI citta ko nirvikalpa banAyA jA sakatA hai aura yaha citta kI nirvikalpatA hI tanAvoM se mukti kA ekamAtra upAya hai| siddhAntataH, isa sambandha meM bhI koI matabheda nahIM hai ki dhyAna citta ko nirvikalpa banAkara use tanAva se mukta karatA hai| mAnava-jAti ko tanAva se mukta karane ke lie jo aneka upAya sujhAe gae haiM, unameM dhyAna eka pramukha upAya hai, kintu dhyAna kI sAdhanA kisa prakAra ho aura usase citta yA mana ko kisa prakAra nirvikalpa banAyA jAe - yaha pakSa sadaiva hI gaveSaNA kA viSaya rahA hai| prAcInakAla se Aja taka vibhinna paramparAoM evaM dhyAna-sAdhana kI vibhinna paddhatiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara usake prayogAtmaka pakSa ko spaSTa karane ke prayatna hote rahe haiM aura isake pariNAma svarUpa aneka prakAra kI dhyAna-paddhatiyA~ -stitva meM AI haiM aura tatsambandhI sAhitya kA sarjana huA hai| jahA~ taka jaina-paramparA kA prazna hai, usameM dhyAna ke svarUpa, lakSaNa, AlaMbana Adi ko lekara Agama kAla se hI bahuta kucha likhA gayA hai| AgamoM meM 'ThANAMgasuttaM' meM isa sambandha meM saMkSipta carcA upalabdha hai| usake pazcAt, isa viSaya para vistRta vivecana kI dRSTi se jinabhadragaNi ne dhyAnAdhyayana yA dhyAnazataka nAmaka isa grantha kI prAkRta bhASA meM racanA kI thI, jisa para AcArya haribhadrasUri ne sarvaprathama saMskRta bhASA meM TIkA kI racanA kI thii| For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAnazataka ke pUrva 'tattvArtha' meM bhI dhyAna-sambandhI saMkSipta vivaraNa pAe jAte haiM, phira bhI dhyAna ke kSetra meM jaina-paramparA kI dRSTi se jo viziSTa vivaraNa dhyAnazataka meM upalabdha hai, vaha viziSTa to hai hI, sAtha hI, prAcIna bhI hai| yadyapi bhagavatIsUtra aura aupapAtikasUtra meM bhI dhyAna-sambandhI kucha ullekha milate haiM, kintu phira bhI ye vivaraNa saMkSipta hI haiN| isa grantha ke mahattva evaM mUlyavattA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI AcArya haribhadra ne apane 'AvazyakasUtra kI TIkA' meM isa sampUrNa grantha ko hI uddhRta kiyA hai| isI prakAra, digambara-paramparA meM SaTakhaNDAgama kI TIkA 'dhavalA' meM bhI AcArya vIrasena ne dhyAnazataka kI kucha gAthAe~ avatarita kiiN| isakA ullekha paM. bAlacandrajI zAstrI ne kiyA hai| itanA nizcita hai ki lagabhaga dasavIM zatAbdI taka jaina-paramparA meM dhyAna ke sandarbha meM dhyAnazataka ke atirikta kisI bhI svatantra grantha kI racanA nahIM huI thii| digambara-paramparA meM 'dhyAnastava' nAmaka jo grantha 'bhAskaranandI' ke dvArA likhA gayA, vaha bhI bArahavIM zatAbdI kA hai aura isake kucha pUrva AcArya zubhacandra ke 'jJAnArNava' meM (lagabhaga gyArahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha) dhyAna kI viziSTa carcA huI, phira bhI yaha dhyAna ke sambandha meM svatantra grantha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra, bArahavIM zatAbdI meM zvetAmbara-paramparA meM AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra meM bhI dhyAna kI vistRta carcA kI, kintu ise bhI dhyAna kA svatantra grantha to nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| bArahavIM zatAbdI ke pazcAt jaina evaM jainetara tAntrika-granthoM meM bhI dhyAna ke sandarbha meM yatra-tatra kucha saMketa milate haiM, kintu koI svatantra grantha isa sambandha meM likhA gayA ho -aisA merI jAnakArI meM nahIM AyA hai| dhyAna se sambandhita svataMtra granthoM ke rUpa meM zvetAmbara-paramparA meM dhyAnazataka aura digambara-paramparA meM dhyAnastava -ye do hI grantha merI jAnakArI meM haiN| yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki zvetAmbara-paramparA meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne 'adhyAtmasAra' nAmaka apane grantha meM 'dhyAnastuti-adhikAra' aisA eka svatantra vibhAga rakhA hai, kintu use bhI dhyAna kA svatantra grantha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| jahA~ taka Adhunika yuga kA prazna hai, dhyAna ko lekara kucha carcA DaoN. nathamala TATiyA aura paM. sukhalAla ne kI thii| paM. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sukhalAla ne apane grantha 'samadarzI haribhadra' meM tathA DaoN. nathamala TATiyA ne apane grantha 'Studies in Jain Philosophy' meM dhyAna aura yoga ke sandarbha meM eka svatantra vibhAga rakhA hai| AcArya haribhadra aura unakI yoga-sAdhanA se sambandhita jo zodha-kArya hue haiM, unameM yatra-tatra dhyAna kI carcA to milatI hai, phira bhI ye zodha-grantha bhI dhyAna kA sAMgopAMga vivecana nahIM karate haiN| merI jAnakArI meM dhyAna ke sandarbha meM sarvaprathama zodha kArya sAdhvI priyadarzanAjI dvArA 'jaina sAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna-yoga' viSaya para huA hai / yaha grantha prakAzita hai aura isakI pUrva pIThikA ke rUpa meM DaoN.sAgaramala jaina kI lagabhaga cAlIsa pRSThoM kI bhUmikA hai| dUsarA zodha-grantha 'jainadharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa-krama' ke nAma se DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke mArgadarzana meM sAdhvI uditaprabhAjI dvArA likhA gayA hai| prathama grantha meM dhyAna ke svarUpAdi kI vistRta carcA hai, ataH ise dhyAna ke svarUpa - vivecana sambandhI-grantha kahA jA sakatA hai| dUsarA grantha mUlataH aitihAsika pariprekSya meM likhA gayA hai aura isameM mahAvIra se mahAprajJa taka dhyAna kI jo vidhiyA~ vikasita huIM haiM, unakI carcA hai, jabaki merA yaha zodha - grantha mUlataH dhyAnazataka aura usakI haribhadrasUrikRta TIkA para AdhArita rahegA aura isa prakAra yaha eka grantha AdhArita adhyayana hogaa| 4 jahA~ taka prathama zodha - grantha ke viSaya kA sambandha hai, vaha mukhyataH dhyAna kI sAmAnya carcA karatA hai, jabaki dUsarA grantha dhyAna ke aitihAsika vikAsa krama ko batAtA hai, kintu ye donoM grantha dhyAna ke sandarbha meM vyApaka dRSTikoNa ko lekara hI cale, jabaki merA yaha adhyayana mUla grantha aura usakI prathama haribhadra kI TIkA para AdhArita hai| jahA~ taka isa mUla grantha ke prakAzita saMskaraNoM kA prazna hai, merI jAnakArI meM hindI anuvAda sahita isakA prathama prakAzana vIra sevA maMdira, dariyAgaMja, dillI se huA thA, tatpazcAt gujarAtI anuvAda sahita isakA dvitIya prakAzana divyadarzana kAryAlaya, kAlUpura, ahamadAbAda se huA hai| isakA tRtIya prakAzana sanmArga prakAzana, ahamadAbAda se sampAdaka zrImadvijayakIrttiyazasUri dvArA huA hai, jo haribhadra kI saMskRta TIkA sahita hai / For Personal & Private Use Only

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merA yaha adhyayana isI TIkA-grantha para AdhArita hai, kintu ise maiMne mAtra vivaraNAtmaka na rakhakara tulanAtmaka banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai aura yaha spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki isa Agamika-grantha kA prabhAva kisa rUpa meM hai tathA isane apane paravartI lekhakoM ko kaise prabhAvita kiyA hai| jaisA maiM pUrva meM hI saMketa kara cukI hU~ ki mAnava-jagata kI Aja kI pramukha samasyA tanAvagrastatA hai aura samAja meM jaba eka vyakti tanAvagrasta hotA hai, to vaha dUsaroM ko bhI tanAvagrasta kara detA hai| pariNAmataH, Aja sampUrNa vizva hI tanAvagrasta hai, ataH tanAvamukti Aja kI prAthamika AvazyakatA bana gaI hai, jo dhyAna ke dvArA hI sambhava hai| isalie isa adhyayana kA aucitya nirvivAda hai| dUsarI pramukha bAta yaha hai ki Aja zodha ke kSetra meM granthAdhArita zodha-kArya kama hI ho rahe haiN| isa zodha-kArya kA aucitya yaha hai ki isake mAdhyama se hama jaina-paramparA meM dhyAna ke sandarbha meM jo prAcInatama sthiti rahI hai, use samajha skeN| dUsarA yaha hai ki isa zodha kArya ke mAdhyama se AcArya haribhadra ne apanI TIkA meM yoga-paramparA aura jaina-paramparA ke dhyAna ke sambandha meM jo samanvaya ke aneka sUtra prastuta kie haiM, unheM bhI samajhA jA ske| tIsare yaha ki mUla grantha se TIkA meM dhyAna se sambandhita avadhAraNAoM kA vikAsa kisa rUpa meM huA hai, ise bhI samajhA jA ske| prastuta adhyayana kA mUlabhUta uddezya yaha hai ki jaina-paramparA meM dhyAna kI kyA prakriyA rahI hai aura usa para anya paramparAoM kA prabhAva kaise AyA hai ? yaha dekhanA hai, kintu isake sAtha-sAtha isa adhyayana kA eka anya uddezya dhyAna ke prAyogika pakSa ko lekara bhI hai| yadyapi vipazyanA aura prekSA kI paddhatiyA~ mUla-AgamoM meM sAMketika rUpa meM hI upalabdha haiM, una saMketoM ke AdhAra para dhyAna kI vartamAna paddhatiyoM kA vikAsa kaise aura kisa rUpa meM rahA hai, yaha samajhanA bhI prastuta zodha kA uddezya hai| AcArya haribhadra ne dhyAna kI Agamika-dhArA ko kisa prakAra vikasita kara use yoga kI paramparA ke sAtha jor3A hai, ise bhI isa zodhakArya ke mAdhyama se samyak rUpa se samajhA jA skegaa| mUla grantha ko AdhArabhUta banAkara For Personal & Private Use Only

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kAlakrama meM kaise-kaise parivartana hue haiM, unheM dekha sakeMge, sAtha hI yaha bhI samajha sakeMge ki Agamayuga se lekara Aja taka mahAvIra se lekara mahAprajJa taka jaina dhyAna-paramparA meM kaisA vikAsa huA hai aura usameM isa mUlagrantha kI kyA bhUmikA rahI hai| __yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki mahAvIra se lekara Aja taka jaina-dhyAna kI paramparA jIvita to rahI, kintu madhyakAla meM usameM jo eka jar3atA A gaI thI, use Aja kI prekSA dhyAna-paddhati ne kisa prakAra tor3A hai, use bhI samajha skeN| prastuta zodha-kArya mUlataH grantha AdhArita hai, ataH isakI zodha-pravidhi meM isake samakAlika evaM pUrvavartI tathA paravartI granthoM kA adhyayana hI mukhya rhegaa| pUrvavartI grantha ke adhyayana ke mAdhyama se maiM yaha dekhane kA prayatna karUMgI ki prastuta zodha-grantha meM unakI avadhAraNAoM ko kisa prakAra samAhita kiyA gayA hai athavA unheM kisa prakAra pariSkArita kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra, paravartI granthoM ke adhyayana ke mAdhyama se yaha bhI jAnane kA prayatna kareMge ki ina granthoM meM isa mUla grantha evaM usakI TIkA kI avadhAraNAe~ kisa prakAra samAhita huI aura kAlakrama meM unameM kaise navIna tathya judd'e| yadyapi yaha zodha-kArya grantha AdhArita hai, ataH isameM prAyogika vidhi kA samAveza saMbhava to nahIM hai, phira bhI eka sAdhvI hone ke nAte maiM itanA prayatna to avazya karUMgI ki dhyAna ke prayogoM ke mAdhyama se mAnava-mana ko kisa prakAra tanAva-mukta banAyA jA sakatA hai| adhyAya saMracanA - prastuta kRti chaha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| isa zodha-prabaMdha ke prathama adhyAya meM grantha ke nAmakaraNa, paricaya, bhASA tathA viSaya-vastu kI carcA ke sAtha-sAtha mUlagrantha kA, usake TIkAkAra kA paricaya tathA unake sAhityika avadAna aura vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna aura yoga se sambandhita avadAna kI carcA kI gaI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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dvitIya adhyAya dhyAna kI paribhASA, jaina-paramparA tathA anya-paramparA ke anusAra dhyAna kA svarUpa aura prastuta grantha meM dhyAna kI paribhASA se sambandhita hai| isa adhyAya meM mUlagrantha aura usakI haribhadrIya TIkA ke AdhAra para dhyAna ke prakAra, cAra dhyAnoM ke zubhatva aura azubhatva kA prazna, ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna bandhana ke hetu tathA anta meM sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna kA sthAna aura mahattva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM mukhya rUpa se mUlagrantha aura usakI TIkA ke AdhAra para cAroM dhyAnoM ke svarUpa, lakSaNoM evaM upaprakAroM ko samajhAyA gayA hai| isa adhyayana meM hama yaha bhI dekheMge ki mUla Agamika-paramparA se isa grantha aura usakI TIkA meM haribhadra ne kitanA aura kyA liyA hai, sAtha-hI-sAtha dharmadhyAna ke vibhinna dvAra aura zukladhyAna ke dvAroM kI carcA kI gaI hai| isI krama meM, Age ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya aura dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna ke AlaMbana para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| anta meM, dhyAna ke AlaMbana kI carcA karate hue yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki sAlaMbana dhyAna se nirAlaMbana dhyAna kI ora kaise bar3hA jA sakatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, dhyAna ke kSetra meM kahA~ AlaMbana kI AvazyakatA hai aura kahA~ evaM kina paristhitiyoM meM AlambanoM kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, yaha nirNaya karanA hogaa| caturtha adhyAya meM dhyAna ke svAmI ko lekara carcA kI gaI hai| dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya meM bhedAbheda kA prazna, dhyAtA ke AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI vibhinna bhUmikAoM arthAt caudaha guNasthAnoM meM se kisa guNasthAnaka se kisa guNasthAnaka taka kauna-se dhyAna-sAdhaka kI manosthiti kisa prakAra rahatI hai, yaha samajhanA Avazyaka hai| isI prasaMga meM yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki ArtadhyAna evaM raudradhyAna meM mUlabhUta antara kyA haiM aura unameM kisa kaSAya kI pramukhatA rahatI hai| isI krama meM, dharmadhyAna ke svAmI kI carcA karate hue yaha bhI dekhane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki isa sambandha meM digambara-paramparA aura zvetAmbara-paramparA meM kyA matabheda rahe hue haiM aura ve matabheda kyoM haiM ? sAtha meM, yaha adhyAya yaha bhI spaSTa karegA ki dharmadhyAna meM piNDastha, 'padastha, rUpastha, rUpAtIta dhyAnoM tathA pArthivI, For Personal & Private Use Only

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AgneyI, vAruNI, vAyavI aura tattvabhU -ina pA~ca prakAra kI dhAraNAoM kA jaina-paramparA meM kaise vikAsa huA hai aura yaha kisa paramparA kA prabhAva thA ? yaha vicAraNIya hai, kyoMki mUlagrantha meM aura usakI haribhadra kI TIkA meM dharmadhyAna kI ina cAra avasthAoM evaM pA~ca dhAraNAoM kI koI carcA bhI nahIM milatI hai| kramAnugata zukladhyAna kI carcA karate hue isameM yaha bhI dekhA gayA hai ki zukladhyAna kina avasthAoM meM sambhava hotA hai aura usa samaya usake dhyAtA kI mAnasikasthiti kisa prakAra kI hotI hai| __paMcama adhyAya meM mUlataH dhyAnazataka aura sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, aupapAtika, tattvArtha, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, dhavalA tathA AdipurANa kA tulanAtmaka vivaraNa, tatpazcAt dhyAna kI upalabdhiyoM athavA RddhiyoM kI carcA kI gaI hai, sAtha hI yaha bhI dekhane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai ki jaina-paramparA meM ina labdhiyoM kI carcA kisake prabhAva se AI hai| tadanantara, dhyAna aura kAyotsarga, kAyotsarga aura samAdhi kI carcA karake prastuta adhyAya ko samApta kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha adhyAya tulanAtmaka rUpa meM hai| yaha dhyAna ke aitihAsika vikAsa-krama se sambandhita hogA aura isameM isa grantha ke pUrvavartI granthoM kA isa para kitanA prabhAva evaM samarUpatA hai -yaha dekhA gayA hai, sAtha hI paravartI granthoM meM jo dhyAna kA vikAsa kisa rUpa meM huA hai aura ve isase kisa rUpa meM prabhAvita hue haiM, yaha bhI samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt, jaina, bauddha aura hindU-paramparA ke dhyAna tathA yoga ke sandarbha meM kisa prakAra kI samarUpatAe~ evaM vibhinnatAe~ rahI huI haiM, isakA tulanAtmaka-vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| anta meM, tAntrika-sAdhanA aura jaina-dhyAna-sAdhanA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| aMtima adhyAya upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM rahA hai| isameM yaha batAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai ki dhyAna-sAdhanA ke mAdhyama se mAnava-jAti ko tanAvamukta kisa taraha banAyA jA sakatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #13
kRtajJatA jJApana mujhe yaha vyakta karate hue atyanta harSa kI anubhUti ho rahI hai ki 'jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka aura usakI haribhadrIya TIkA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana' nAmaka mere zodha-grantha kA lekhana kArya vyavadhAnarahita sampanna hone jA rahA hai| lekhana kArya kI sampannatA ke isa avasara para sarvaprathama maiM una anaMta upakArI zaMkhezvara pArzvanAtha bhagavAn ke zrIcaraNa-kamaloM meM ananta-ananta AsthAyukta namana karatI hU~, jinakI kRpA se anekAneka bhavyAtmAoM kA uddhAra huA carama tIrthaMkara zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra tathA unake zAsana kI bhI maiM RNI hU~ ki unake pAvana-pavitra jinazAsana meM mujhe saMyama-sAdhanA kA avasara milaa| mere paramArAdhya gurudeva, merI ananta AsthA ke kendra, prAtaH smaraNIya cAritracUr3AmaNi, yugapradhAna pa.pU. cAroM dAdA gurUdevoM ke caraNAmbujoM meM koTi-koTi vandana karatI hU~, jinakI divya kRpA sadaiva barasatI rahatI hai| natamastaka hU~ maiM Agama-paramparA ke poSaka AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke prati, jinake grantha-ratna para yaha zodha-kArya karane kA mujhe avasara milaa| unakI asIma kRpA se ucchalita hotI dhyAnamUlaka urmiyoM kA saMsparza karate hue merA yaha lekhana-kArya nirvighna rUpa se pUrNa huA, ataH maiM unake prati zraddhAvanata huuN| jinake puNya-pratApa tathA adRzya AzIrvAda se merA yaha zodha-kArya sampanna huA, jana-jana ke zraddhAkendra, prajJApuruSa pa.pU. zrImajinakAntisAgarasUrIzvarajI ma. sA. ko maiM zraddhAyukta vandana karatI huuN| prastuta zodha-kArya kI pUrNatA ke isa pAvana avasara para AcArya bhagavaMta pa.pU. kailAzasAgarasUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ko bhI merA bhAva bharA nmn| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #14
mujhe isa stara taka pahu~cAne meM jinakI satata preraNA rahI aura AtmIyatA ke sAtha isa lekhana-kArya meM jinakA sahayoga milatA rahA, aise paramamanISI, prajJA-sampanna, marudharamaNi, gurudeva upAdhyAyapravara pa.pU. maNiprabhasAgarajI ma.sA. ke pAdapadmoM meM bhI hRdaya se savidhi vandanA karatI huuN| __prAtaH smaraNIyA, saralahRdayA pa.pU. premazrIjI ma.sA. tathA pa.pU. tejazrIjI ma.sA. ke divyAzISa se yaha zodha-yAtrA saphala rahI, unheM karabaddha vandana karatI hU~ aura Apase yahI apekSA karatI hU~ ki ApakA divyAzISa satata mujha para rahe, jisase maiM Atma-sAdhanA tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke pragati-patha para Age bar3hatI rhuuN| apane isa zodha-kArya meM jinake jJAnapuMja evaM tapopuMja ke pAvana paramANu satata milate rahe, jinhoMne mujhe pratipala vidyA sAdhanA tathA tapomaya-jIvana jIne ke lie preraNA dI aura vyAvahArika evaM AdhyAtmika-zikSaNa ke patha para agrasara hote hue uttarottara Age bar3hane kI hitazikSA dI tathA jinake varadahasta kA sparza pAkara maiM isa kArya ko pUrNa kara sakI, aisI mamajIvanarUpI bagiyA meM saMyama-puSpa khilAne vAlI saralamanA, zAsanadIpikA, gaNaratnA, mAtRhRdayA, pArzvamaNitIrthaprerikA, vardhamAnatapArAdhikA pa.pU. guruvaryA sulocanAzrIjI ma.sA. evaM pa.pU. guruvaryA sulakSaNAzrIjI ma. sA. ke caraNa-sarojoM meM zraddhA-bhaktiyukta vaMdana arpita karatI huuN| Apane mere saMyamI-jIvana ke prathama dina se lekara Aja taka adhyayana hetu sampUrNa suvidhAe~ upalabdha karavAIM, jisake pariNAma svarUpa maiM Aja yahA~ taka pahu~cI huuN| Apake vAtsalya evaM preraNA ke RNa se maiM kabhI bhI uRNa nahIM ho skuuNgii| maiM apane isa zodha-grantha ko aMjalIbaddha hokara ApazrI ke caraNa-kamaloM meM samarpita karatI huuN| sevAbhAvI, vizAlahRdayA, mamabhaginI prItiyazAzrIjI ma.sA. ko bhI namana karatI hU~, jinakI preraNA se merI abhiruci adhyayana ke kSetra meM huI, jinake dvArA bacapana se hI mujhe mAtRchAyA-sA sAyA milatA rahA hai, sAtha hI isa pAvana-prasaMga para pa.pU. prItisudhAzrIjI, pU. priyasmitAzrIjI, pU.priyalatAzrIjI, pU. priyavaMdanAzrIjI, . pU. priyakalpanAzrIjI, pU. priyaraMjanAzrIjI, priyasnehAMjanAzrI, priyasaumyAMjanAzrI, For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #15
priyadivyAMjanAzrI, priyasvarNAjanAzrI, priyaprekSAMjanAzrI, priyazrutAMjanAzrI, priyavarSAMjanAzrI preyameghAMjanAzrI, priyavinayAMjanAzrI evaM priyakRtAMjanAzrI Adi samasta gurubahanoM ke prati sazraddhA-sabhakti kRtajJatA jJApita karatI hU~, jinakA samaya-samaya para sahayoga milatA rahA aura usI ke phalasvarUpa yaha zodha-prabandha sAnaMda sampanna huaa| vizeSa rUpa se maiM kRtajJa hU~, sAdhvI priyazreSThAMjanAzrIjI kI, jinhoMne svayaM adhyayanarata hone para bhI mere adhyayanakAla ke daurAna mujhe hara taraha kI sevAeM pradAna karane kI bhUmikA adA kI aura jJAnopAsanA ke paloM meM nirantara merI sahacarI banI rhiiN| isa cAturmAsa meM virAjita zAntamanA sAdhvIratnA pa.pU. zuddhAMjanAzrIjI, pa.pU. yogAMjanAzrIjI, pramuditAjI evaM saMvegapriyAjI kI sevA evaM sahayoga kI bhAvanA anumodanIya rahI hai| maiM hRdaya kI gaharAiyoM se Apake sahayoga ke prati kRtajJa huuN| grantha kI pUrNAhUti ke prasaMga para sAdhvIratnA pa.pU. jinendraprabhAzrIjI evaM pa.pU. maitrIpUrNAzrIjI Adi ke prati hArdika AbhAra vyakta karatI hU~, jinhoMne samaya-samaya para maMDAra, pATaNa Adi granthAlaya se pustakeM bhijavAkara mere zodha-kArya ko zIghra pUrNa karane hetu protsAhita kiyaa| jinheM isa zodha-prabandha kA mukhya zreya prApta hotA hai, una aneka granthoM ke lekhaka tathA cintaka, mere jJAnaguru, mArgadarzaka, vidvatratna DaoN. sAgaramalajI jaina ke prati apanI sadbhAvanA prakaTa karatI hU~, jinhoMne mujhe yaha zodha-grantha likhane kI preraNA dI aura isake mArgadarzana hetu apanI svIkRti pradAna kii| Apake mArgadarzana evaM sahayoga se yaha kArya pUrNatA kI ora phuNcaa| jJAnadAna dene kI ApakI abhiruci prazaMsanIya hai| bahuta bAra zArIrika asvasthatA aura atyanta vyastatA ke bAvajUda Apane svAdhyAya-svarUpa pratidina AgamoM kI vAcanA pradAna karane meM koI kamI nahIM rakhI, sAtha-hI-sAtha pitRtulya vAtsalyabhAva rakhate hue 'prAcya-vidyApITha, zAjApura' meM granthAlaya, AhAra-pAnI, auSadhi Adi kI Avazyaka suvidhAe~ pradAna For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #16
kii| anta meM Apase yahI apekSA rakhatI hU~ ki adhyayana ke kSetra meM ApakA mArgadarzana mujhe sadaiva prApta hotA rahe / 4 grantha kI pUrNAhUti ke avasara para pATaNa nivAsI paNDita candrakAntabhAI evaM cennaI nivAsI DaoN. jJAna jaina ke sujhAvoM ne zodha-prabandha ko nirdoSa banAne meM sahAyatA kI hai| mere lakSya tathA saMkalpa ko protsAhita karane vAle zrImAna premasA gulecchA, surezasA osavAla, navaratanasA boharA, cunnIlAla koThArI, hastimalasA muthA, kailAzasA chAjer3a, lalitasA mehatA, vIrendrasA bAgarecA, rAjUsA seThiyA, saMtoSasA baraDiyA, vijayasA saMcetI, lakSmaNa kavADa, bhUSaNajI zAha aura komala nAhara Adi sabhI kI AtmIyatA ke prati anugRhIta hU~, jinakA adhyayana ke daurAna sarAhanIya sahayoga rhaa| adhyayanakAla meM 'prAcya - vidyApITha, zAjApura ke rAmasA tathA pravINasA kA sahayoga prazaMsanIya rahA hai| viMzeSa rUpa se sAdhuvAda detI hU~ suzrI nIlama cauraDiyA, zilpA bAlar3a, baraDiyA, mamatAjI tathA sarojajI koThArI ko, jinakI mere zodha kArya ke niSpAdana meM pracura sahAyatA milI hai| isa zodha-prabandha ko kampyUTara para mudraNa kA kArya karane meM rAjA 'jI'. grAphiksa, zAjApura ke zrI zirISa sonI evaM prUpha - saMzodhana meM zrI caitanyakumArajI sonI zAjApura kA viziSTa sahayoga rahA hai| inako bhI dhanyavAda jJApita karatI huuN| anta meM, zodha-: - grantha ke praNayana meM jJAta-ajJAtarUpa se jo bhI sahayogI rahe haiM, una sabhI ke prati AbhAra vyakta karatI hU~ / maiMne isa zodha-prabandha ko prAmANikatApUrvaka pUrNa karane kA prayatna kiyA haiM, phira bhI jo kucha bhI zAstra - viruddha likhane meM AyA ho athavA lekhana, prUpha saMzodhana Adi meM kucha truTiyA~ raha gaI hoM, to usake lie kSamAprArthI hU~ / sAdhvI priyazraddhAMjanAzrI For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #17
viSaya-sUcI pRSTha prathama adhyAya 1-65 1. grantha kA nAmakaraNa evaM paricaya / 2. grantha kI bhASA 3. mUlagrantha kI viSaya-vastu 4. mUlagranthakAra kA paricaya 5. mUlagranthakAra kA vyaktitva aura kRtitva 6. racanAkAla 7. TIkAkAra haribhadra kA paricaya 8. TIkAkAra haribhadra kA sAhityika avadAna 9. haribhadra kA dhyAna aura yoga sambandhI grantha 10. haribhadra ke dhyAnazataka kI TIkA kI vizeSatAe~ 66-97 dvitIya adhyAya 1. dhyAna kI paribhASA aura svarUpa 2. prastuta grantha meM dhyAna kI paribhASA . 3. prastuta grantha kI haribhadrIya TIkA meM dhyAna kI paribhASA 4. chadmastha aura jinezvara ke dhyAna 5. dhyAna ke prakAra 6. cAra dhyAnoM ke zubhatva aura azubhatva kA prazna 7. ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna bandhana ke hetu 8. sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna kA sthAna aura mahattva For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #18
tRtIya adhyAya 1. ArttadhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa 2. ArttadhyAna ke cAra bheda 3. raudradhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa 4. raudradhyAna ke cAra bheda 5. dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa 6. dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda 7. dharmadhyAna ke vibhinna dvAra (ka) bhAvanAdvAra (kha) dezadvAra kAladvAra (gha) AsanadvAra (Da.) AlaMbanadvAra (ca) kramadvAra (cha) dhyAtavyadvAra ( dhAtRdvAra) (ja) anuprekSAdvAra 8. zukladhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa 9. zukladhyAna ke stara evaM bheda (ka) dhyAtavyadvAra (kha) dhAtRdvAra (ga) anuprekSAdvAra (gha) lezyAdvAra (Da.) liMgadvAra (ca) AlaMbanadvAra (cha) kramadvAra 10. ArttadhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya For Personal & Private Use Only 98-253

Page #19
11. raudradhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya 12. dharmadhyAna ke AlaMbana 13. zukladhyAna ke AlaMbana 14. kyA dhyAna ke lie AlaMbana kI AvazyakatA hai ? 15. Alambana se nirAlambana kI ora 254-309 caturtha adhyAya 1. dhyAna kA svAmI 2. dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya meM bhedAbheda kA prazna 3. dhyAtA ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ (caudaha guNasthAna} 4. ArtadhyAna ke svAmI kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ 5. raudradhyAna ke svAmI kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ 6. dharmadhyAna ke svAmI kI bhUmikA ke sambandha meM zvetAmbara tathA digambara-paramparA kA matabheda 7. dharmadhyAna meM piNDastha, rUpastha evaM rUpAtIta dhyAnoM kA svarUpa 8. pArthivAdi cAra prakAra kI dhAraNAoM kA svarUpa evaM jaina-paramparA meM vikAsa paMcama adhyAya 310-364 1. dhyAnazataka aura sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, aupapAtika, tattvArtha, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI' ArAdhanA, dhavalA, AdipurANa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 2. dhyAna-sAdhanA aura labdhi 3. sAdhaka ko labdhiyoM kI prApti se bacanA cAhie 4. jaina-paramparA meM labdhiyoM kI gauNatA 5. dhyAna aura kAyotsarga 6. kAyotsarga aura samAdhi For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #20
SaSThama adhyAya 65-444 1. dhyAna kA aitihAsika-vikAsakrama 2. (ka) Agama evaM Agamika-vyAkhyA-yuga (kha) haribhadra-yuga (ga) jJAnArNava aura yogazAstra kA yuga (gha) tAntrika-yuga (Da.) yazovijaya-yuga (ca) Adhunika yuga 3. jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA aura bauddha dhyAna-sAdhanA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 4. pAtaMjala-dhyAna kI yoga-sAdhanA tathA jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 5. tAntrika-sAdhanA aura jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA 445-456 saptama adhyAya-upasaMhAra 1. vizva kI pramukha samasyAe~ aura tadjanya tanAva 2. tanAva ke kAraNa 3. tanAva-mukti aura dhyAna 4. vyakti ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM dhyAna sandarbha graMtha-sUcI - For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #21
jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadIya TIkA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana prathama adhyAya 1. grantha kA nAmakaraNa evaM paricaya 2. grantha kI bhASA 3. mUlagrantha kI viSaya-vastu 4. mUlagranthakAra kA paricaya 5. mUlagranthakAra kA vyaktitva aura kRtitva 6. racanAkAla 7. TIkAkAra haribhadra kA paricaya 8. TIkAkAra haribhadra kA sAhityika avadAna 9. haribhadra kA dhyAna aura yoga sambandhI grantha 10. haribhadra ke dhyAnazataka kI TIkA kI vizeSatAe~ For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #22
! grantha kA nAmakaraNa evaM paricaya AcArya haribhadra (AThavIM zatI) ke pUrvavartI tathA paravartI kAla ke jainAcAryoM ne dhyAna ke sambandha meM paryApta mAtrA meM cintana-manana kiyA thA, sAtha-hI-sAtha usa viSaya para unhoMne svatantra grantha bhI likhe the| zvetAmbara - paramparA meM dhyAna se sambandhita yadi koI prAcInatama svatantra grantha upalabdha hai, to vaha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA viracita 'jhANajjhayaNa' hai, jisakA apara nAma 'dhyAnazataka' bhI hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA se sambandhita isa mahattvapUrNa grantha ke nAma ko lekara prAcIna kAla se do vicAradhArAe~ rahI haiM / prastuta grantha ke TIkAkAra AcArya haribhadra ne apane AvazyakasUtra kI TIkA meM isa grantha ko uddhRta karate hue isakA nAma 'dhyAnazataka' nirdiSTa kiyA hai, jabaki mUla granthakAra jinabhadragaNi ne ise dhyAnAdhyayana (jhANajjhayaNa) kahA hai| vaise to apanI-apanI apekSA se ina donoM nAmoM kI sArthakatA pratIta hotI hai, phira bhI mUla grantha ke racayitA jinabhadragaNi ne maMgala svarUpa prathama gAthA meM jo saMkalpa kiyA hai, usake anusAra isakA nAma dhyAnAdhyayana mAnanA hI adhika ucita pratIta hotA hai / isakI prathama maMgala gAthA meM 'jhANajjhayaNaM pavakkhAmi' kahakara granthakarttA ne isakA nAma dhyAnAdhyayana nirdiSTa kiyA hai / sambhavataH, isake pIche unakA uddezya yaha rahA hogA ki unhoMne vizeSAvazyakabhASya likhate samaya chaH hI AvazyakoM para bhASya likhane kA nizcaya kiyA thaa| sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava vandana, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga tathA pratyAkhyAna - nandIsUtra ke anusAra ye AvazyakasUtra ke chaH adhyayana haiM, jinheM isa sUtra meM svatantra grantha ke rUpa meM bhI ullekhita kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta chaH AvazyakoM meM pA~cavAM Avazyaka-kAyotsarga mAnA gayA hai, isakA apara nAma dhyAna bhI hai| 1 prathama adhyAya viSaya-praveza vIraM sukkajjhANaggidaDDhakammiMdhaNaM paNamiUNaM / joIsaraM saraNaM jhANaMjjhayaNaM pavakkhAmi / / dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 01 'dhyAnazatakasya ca mahArthatvAd... ..mAha / - Avazyaka niyukti, bhAga - 02 vizeSAvazyakabhASya - 01 nadIsUtra. - For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #23
siddhAntataH dhyAna kAyotsarga kA hI eka rUpa hai, isalie saMbhava hai ki isa Avazyaka para bhASya likhane ke uddezya se unhoMne kucha gAthAe~ dhyAna para likhI hoN| cUMki ve apane jIvanakAla meM chahoM AvazyakoM para pUrA bhASya nahIM likha pAe, ataH kAlAntara meM ina gAthAoM ne dhyAnAdhyayana nAmaka eka svatantra grantha kA hI rUpa le liyA ho| dUsarI dRSTi se, unakA uddezya yaha bhI rahA hogA ki pAThakoM ko dhyAna kA sarvAgINa jJAna prApta karAne ke lie dhyAna ke pratipAdaka svatantra grantha kI racanA kI jAe aura isa hetu unhoMne isa svatantra grantha kI racanA kI ho / yadyapi vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI pratijJAnusAra SaDAvazyaka ke pratyeka Avazyaka para eka - eka adhyayana likhA jAnA thA, kintu ve mAtra sAmAyika - adhyayana taka hI sImita raha gae, bace hue adhyayanoM para lekhana - kArya nahIM ho sakA, ataH eka dRSTikoNa se yaha bhI saMbhava ho sakatA hai ki AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kI ruci dhyAna meM rahI ho, isI kAraNa sAmAyika - adhyayana likhane ke pUrva yA pazcAt unhoMne dhyAnAdhyayana para bhASya-gAthAe~ likhane kA prayAsa kiyA ho aura ve hI gAthAeM bhaviSya meM eka svatantra grantha ke rUpa meM 'jhANajjhayaNa' ke nAma se prasiddha ho gaI hoM / 2 tadanusAra, racayitA dvArA diyA gayA dhyAnAdhyayana nAma hI sArthaka pratIta hotA hai| haribhadrasUri ne Avazyakaniryukti kI TIkA meM jhANajjhayaNa ko hI 'dhyAnazataka' nAma se ullekhita kiyA hai, usakA mukhya kAraNa prastuta granthagata gAthAoM kI saMkhyA eka sau pAMca honA hai, ataH jahA~ mUla granthakAra jinabhadragaNi ne use 'dhyAnAdhyayana' nAma diyA ho, vahIM TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri ne use 'dhyAnazataka' nAma diyA ho| apanI-apanI jagaha ye donoM hI nAma ucita pratIta hote haiN| dUsarA yaha ki haribhadrIya - yuga meM granthoM ke nAmakaraNa kI pravRtti granthoM ke zloka athavA gAthAoM kI saMkhyA para AdhArita thI / svayaM AcArya haribhadrasUri ne apane granthoM ke nAma unakI zloka saMkhyA ke AdhAra para die haiM, jaiseaSTaka, SoDazaka, viMzikA, dvAtriMzikA, paMcAzaka aadi| isI prakAra, yoga para AdhArita unake mukhya grantha kA nAma bhI 'yogazataka' hai| ina saba tathyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue sArAMza meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prastuta grantha kA nAma dhyAnazataka mUla karttA kA na hokara grantha ke TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri dvArA pradatta / mUla granthakAra ne to isakA nAma dhyAnAdhyayana (jhANajjhayaNa) hI diyA thA / For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #24
ataH donoM nAma kI bhinnatA ke bAvajUda bhI grantha kI viSaya-vastu meM kisI bhI prakAra kI koI bhinnatA najara nahIM AtI hai| grantha kI bhASA -jahA~ taka 'dhyAnazataka' kI bhASA kA prazna hai, isa sandarbha meM yaha spaSTa hai ki vaha zaurasenI yA jaina-zaurasenI nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki sampUrNa grantha meM hameM kisI bhI sthAna para madhyavartI 'ta' kA 'da' nahIM milA hai jo zaurasenI kA mukhya lakSaNa hai| yahAM yaha jJAtavya hai ki isakI jo gAthAe~ dhavalA-TIkA meM milI haiM, unameM madhyavartI 'ta' ke sthAna para 'da' pAyA jAtA hai| ataH grantha kI bhASA ko kahIM-na-kahIM arddhamAgadhI aura mahArASTrI ke rUpa meM hI dekhanA hogaa| yadi hama ina samagra gAthAoM kA vizleSaNa kareM, to hameM spaSTa rUpa se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki usakI bhASA vizuddha arddhamAgadhI na hokara kahIM-na-kahIM mahArASTrI prabhAvita arddhamAgadhI hI kahI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki mUlagrantha meM aneka sthAnoM para madhyavartI vyaMjanoM yathA ka, ga, ca, ja, ta, da Adi ke lopa kI pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai, jabaki mAgadhI tathA arddhamAgadhI meM yaha lopa kI pravRtti prAyaH alpa hI pAI jAtI hai, jaise- kriyArUpoM meM isa grantha meM hoi, jhAi, rajjai, vahai, uvvei, puvvai, samei Adi rUpa hI milate haiM jo mukhya rUpa se mahArASTrI-prAkRta ke lakSaNa mAne jAte haiM, kintu grantha kI yaha mahArASTrI-prAkRta arddhamAgadhI se prabhAvita hai, kyoMki kahIM-kahIM mahArASTrI ka, ga Adi ke lopa kI pravRtti kA abhAva bhI isameM milatA hai, jaise- gAthA kramAMka 64 meM 'sajogAjogA' meM 'ga' lopa nahIM hai| isI taraha gAthA kramAMka 65 'subhAviyacitto" meM jahAM madhyavartI 'ta' kA lopa hokara usakI jagaha 'ya' zruti huI hai, vahIM 'bha' ke sthAna para 'ha' nahIM huA hai| isI prakAra, isameM jahAM, tahAM Adi aise rUpa bhI dekhane ko milate haiM, jo arddhamAgadhI ke na hokara mahArASTrI-prAkRta ke hI lakSaNa kahe jAte haiM, kyoMki arddhamAgadhI meM inake sthAna ' eecciya puvvANaM puvvadharA suppstthsNghynnaa| doNha sajogAjogA sukkANa parANa kevlinno|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 65 jhANovarame'vi muNI nniccmnniccaaiciNtnnaaprmo| hoi subhAviyacitto dhammajjhANeNa jo puvviM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 66 For Personal & Private Use Only

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para jadA, tadA jaise rUpa bhI milate haiN| isI prakAra, isameM arddhamAgadhI yA mAgadhI ke dantya (na) para prAyaH 'Na' kA hI prayoga adhika huA hai| yadyapi aneka sthAnoM para dantya 'na' banA huA bhI hai, kintu 'na' ke sthAna para 'Na' kA prayoga sampAdana ke samaya kiyA gayA hai yA mUlagrantha meM hI thA, yaha aba bhI eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| isa grantha kI gAthA kramAMka 89 meM 'tatiyaM' rUpa milA hai, jo spaSTatayA mahArASTrI-prAkRta kA rUpa nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki mahArASTrI kA hone para to 'taiyaM rUpa honA cAhie thA', isalie isakI bhASA ke sandarbha meM hama itanA hI kaha sakate haiM ki mUlataH yaha mahArASTrI-prAkRta-pradhAna arddhamAgadhI hI hai, jo prAyaH zvetAmbara-AgamoM kI bhASA se samarUpatA rakhatI hai| isakI bhASA-zailI ko lekara paNDita dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA kA mAnanA hai ki prastuta grantha kI zailI evaM bhASA niyukti kI zailI evaM bhASA se nikaTatA rakhatI hai, kintu isa sandarbha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA yaha kahanA hai ki ise niyuktikAra kI racanA mAnane meM aneka kaThinAiyAM haiN| prathamataH, Avazyakaniyukti kI jo gAthAeM haiM, unase dhyAnAdhyayana kI eka bhI gAthA nahIM milatI hai| yadi dalasukhabhAI ke anusAra donoM kRtiyAM eka hI lekhaka kI hotI, to kahIM-na-kahIM unameM kucha samAnatA to avazya hI milatI, ataH DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke anusAra, vastutaH yaha grantha niyukti ke bAda kA aura jinadAsagaNi mahattara kI cUrNiyoM ke pUrva bhASyakAla kI racanA hai, ataH isake karttA vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke kartA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa hI hone caahie| isakI, arthAt dhyAnazataka kI bhASA niyukti kI bhASA kI apekSA bhASya kI bhASA ke adhika nikaTa hai, kyoMki bhASyoM kI bhASA meM niyuktiyoM kI apekSA mahArASTrI-prAkRta kA prabhAva adhika dekhA jAtA hai| grantha kI viSaya-vastu - dhyAna kI prarUpaNA meM pravRtta hokara granthakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne prastuta grantha kA prArambha karate samaya sabase pahale, yaha grantha nirvighnatApUrvaka samApta ho- isa uddezya se prathama zloka meM maMgala kAmanA karate hue bhagavAn mahAvIra ko namaskAra kara dvitIya zloka meM dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue kahA sukkAe lesAe do tatiyaM prmsukklessaae| thirayAjiyaselesaM lesAIyaM prmsukkN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 89 8 jainadharma-darzana evaM saMskRti, bhAga - 7, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 43 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai ki adhyavasAyoM kI sthiratA yA ekAgratA ko 'dhyAna' tathA mana kI vRttiyoM kI caMcalatA ko 'citta' kahate haiN| Age, citta ke prakAroM ko tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai1. bhAvanA 2. anuprekSA tathA 3. cintaa|' __sAmAnyatayA, ina tInoM avasthAoM meM citta caMcala rahatA hai, kintu dhyAna meM to citta pUrNatayA ekAgra rahatA hai| prastuta kRti ke tRtIya evaM caturtha zloka meM chadmastha tathA jinezvaroM ke dhyAna-vizeSa kI carcA karate hue kahA hai ki sAdhAraNa mAnava ke lie dhyAna kI ekAgratA kA adhikatama kAla mAtra eka antamuhUrta (48 miniTa ke andara) hai, jabaki terahaveM guNasthAnavartI sayogI jina jaba terahaveM guNasthAna meM trividha pravRttiyoM, arthAt yogoM kA nirodha karate haiM, taba zukladhyAna ke tIsare bheda meM vartate haiN| caudahaveM guNasthAna meM cauthe zukladhyAna kA bheda prArambha hotA hai| vaha dhyAna-kAla atisaMkSipta, arthAt pAMca hRsvAkSaroM yA vyaMjanoM ke uccAraNa-kAla ke samAna hotA hai| jaina-AgamoM meM cAra dhyAnoM kA varNana yatra-tatra upalabdha hai, kintu prastuta grantha meM unakA bahuta hI mArmika, sarala tathA savistAra sampUrNa aura sarvAMga ullekha kiyA gayA hai| sAmAnya taura para dhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiM1. ArtadhyAna 2. raudradhyAna 3. dharmadhyAna aura 4. shukldhyaan| granthakAra ke anusAra, prathama do dhyAna bhava-bhramaNa ke tathA zeSa do dhyAna mukti ke kAraNa haiN| jaina-AgamoM meM ArttadhyAna ko tiryaMcagati, raudradhyAna ko narakagati, dharmadhyAna ko manuSyagati athavA devagati aura zukladhyAna ko paMcamagatisvarUpa mukti kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai|" yahI bAta prastuta grantha kI paMcama gAthA meM bhI pratipAdita hai| Age, ArttadhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne kahA hai ki apriya (anabhISTa) kA saMyoga nahIM honA, athavA bhayaMkara rogAdi kI pIr3A ke viyoga kI cintA karanA yA priya (abhISTa) ke viyoga kI cintA karanA tathA nidAna karanA, arthAt AgAmI kAla ke lie bhogoM kI prApti kI icchA yA abhyarthanA karanA ArtadhyAna hai| granthakAra ne ina cAroM jaM thiramajjhavasANaM taM jhANaM jaM calaM tayaM cittN| taM hojja bhAvaNA vA aNupehA vA ahava cintaa|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 02. " antomuhuttamettaM ........................jhaannsNtaanno|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 3-4 aTeM rudaM dhamma sukkaM jhANAi tattha aNtaaii| nivvANasAhaNAI bhava-kAraNamaTTha ruddhaaiN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 05 amaNuNNANaM saddAiM ..................mnnnnaannaannugymcyNt|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 6-9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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prakAra ke azuddha adhyavasAyoM ko hI ArttadhyAna kahA hai| 12 samatA - bhAva kI pariNati meM ramaNa karane vAlA zramaNa vastu ke vAstavika svarUpa kA cintana-manana karatA hai, isalie rogAdi pIr3A (zArIrika asvasthyatA) hone para, pUrvasaMcita karmoM se utpanna huI jAnakara, use samabhAva se sahana karatA hai| aise samaya meM rogamukti kA nirdoSa upAya svIkAra karanA, arthAt zalyakriyA se usakA nivAraNa karanA ArttadhyAna na hokara dharmadhyAna hI hotA hai| aise vivekI zramaNa kA Alambana - grahaNa prazasta hotA hai, unakI mokSAbhilASA nidAna-rUpa nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki samabhAva hI unakA svabhAva bana gayA hai| 13 yaha carcA gAthA kramAMka dasa se teraha taka ke madhya kI hai| ArttadhyAnI kApota, nIla tathA kRSNaina tIna nimna koTiyoM kI lezyAoM vAlA hotA hai| ArttadhyAna karane vAle vyakti ke lakSaNa Akrandana, zocana, parivedana tathA tAr3ana Adi haiM, jinakA ullekha isa grantha meM hai / isI krama meM Age, ArttadhyAna kA adhikArI (svAmI) kauna hai, arthAt kisa-kisa guNasthAna ke jIvoM ko ArttadhyAna hotA hai, isakA nirdeza bhI kiyA gayA hai| 14 Age, granthakAra kA kathana hai ki raudradhyAna Akroza yA AvezapUrNa sthiti vAlA hotA hai| granthakarttA ne raudradhyAna ko cAra bhAgoM meM vargIkRta kiyA hai, jo nimna haiM 1. hiMsAnubandhI 2. mRSAnubandhI 3. steyAnubandhI 4. sNrkssnnaanubndhii| atizaya krodha kI avasthA meM nirdayI banakara ekendriyAdi lAcAra jIvoM para tAr3anA- - tarjanA karane, aMga-bhaMga karane, chedana - bhedana karane ke sAtha hI unako prANavihIna karane Adi nimna koTi ke kAryoM ko karate hue, yA dravyarUpa se una kAryoM ko karate hue yA na karate hue bhI bhAvarUpa se nirantara ina kAryoM kA vicAra yA cintana-manana karanA hinsAnubandhI nAmaka pahalA raudradhyAna hai| mAyApUrNa vacana, paranindAjanaka vacana, AlocanAtmaka vacana, asabhya bhASA tathA prANI kA ghAta karane vAle vacanoM meM pravRtti na karate hue bhI unakA nirantara cintana-manana mRSAnuvAdI nAmaka dUsare prakAra kA raudradhyAna hai / pratipala - pratikSaNa dUsaroM kI vastuoM ko curAne ke azubha adhyavasAyoM kA cintana-manana karate rahanA steyAnubandhI nAma kA tIsarA raudradhyAna hai / lagAtAra tIvra krodha 13 eyaM cauvvihaM rAgadosa ......taM saMsAra tarubIyaM / / kAvoya-nIla kAlAlessAo.. ...jaijaNeNaM / / 14 6 dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 10-13 dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 14-18 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #28
va lobha ke adhIna hokara jIva viSaya-vAsanA tathA bhogopabhoga ke sAdhanoM kI upalabdhi aura unake saMrakSaNa kI cintA meM lagA rahatA hai tathA unako naSTa karane vAle nimittoM, athavA vyaktiyoM ke prati jo Akroza kA bhAva hai, vaha cauthA saMrakSaNAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki ukta cAra prakAra kA raudradhyAna kRta, kArita evaM anumodita- ina tInoM para ghaTita hotA hai| ye cAroM prakAra ke raudradhyAna narakagati ke hetu haiN| ye aprazasta-dhyAna mithyAdRSTi, aviratasamyagdRSTi tathA dezavirata zrAvakoM meM sambhava haiM, arthAt raudradhyAna pahale se pAMcaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra ArtadhyAnI ko karmoM ke vipAkasvarUpa kApota, nIla aura kRSNa lezyAeM hotI haiM, lekina ve itanI prabhAvazAlI nahIM hotI haiM, jitanI ye tInoM lezyAeM raudradhyAnI meM prabhAvazIla hotI haiN| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jaise ArttadhyAnI ke lezyA, liD.goM tathA lakSaNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA thA, vaisA hI gAthA kramAMka solaha se sattAIsa taka raudradhyAnI ke lezyA, liD.goM tathA lakSaNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ___ ArtadhyAna evaM raudradhyAna ko dhyAna kI zreNiyoM meM ginane ke bAvajUda bhI ye ati tIvra saMkliSTamAn hone ke phalasvarUpa tyAjya athavA chor3ane yogya haiN| - isa grantha meM ina do dhyAnoM kA vivecana ati saMkSipta meM, mAtra ikkIsa zlokoM meM hI pUrNa huA hai, jabaki dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna kA varNana lagabhaga satahattara se aThahattara (77-78) taka kI gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai| dharmadhyAna ko nirUpita karate hue gAthA kramAMka aThAIsa evaM unatIsa meM granthakAra ne sarvaprathama yaha batAyA hai ki zubhadhyAna meM tallIna athavA ekAgra banane ke lie- 1. bhAvanA, 2. deza, 3. kAla, Asana-vizeSa, 5. AlaMbana, 6. krama, 7. dhyAtavya, 8. dhyAtA, 9. anuprekSA, 10. lezyA, 11. liD.ga aura 12. phalAdi ke svarUpa ko samajhakara hI dharmadhyAna kA cintana-manana karanA cAhie, athavA uparyukta tathyoM ko jAnakara dharmadhyAna meM pravRtta honA caahie| tadanusAra dharmadhyAna meM ramaNa karate-karate zukladhyAna kI ora Age bar3hanA caahie|16 yadi sAdhaka bhAvanA, deza Adi dvAroM kA samyak-prakAreNa cintana-manana (vicAra-vimarza) karatA hai, to vaha zubhadhyAna-viSayaka pAtratA ko prApta kara letA hai| 15 sattavaha-veha-bandhaNa ...........roddjjhaannovgycitto|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 19-27 16 jhANassa bhAvaNAo ....................tao sukkaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 28-29. For Personal & Private Use Only

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Age, gAthA kramAMka tIsa se cauMtIsa taka meM kahA gayA hai ki samyagjJAna kA AsvAdana, zaMkA-kAMkSAdi doSoM se rahita samyagdarzana tathA sasta sAvadya pApa-pravRttiyoM se virakti (nivRtti) rUpa samyakcAritra se antaHkaraNa nirmala aura pavitra bana jAtA hai, isalie vaha sAdhaka dharmadhyAna meM pUrNatayA tallIna yA sthira ho jAtA hai|" Age, gAthA kramAMka paiMtIsa se ikatAlIsa taka dhyAna ke kSetra aura kAla kI carcA kI gaI hai ___ sAdhaka ke lie dhyAna-sAdhanA ke kSetra-viSayaka eka bAta spaSTa hai ki jahAM citta kI vRttiyAM sthira raha sakeM, vaha sthAna hI sAdhaka ke lie anukUla hai| cittavRttiyoM kI sthiratA ke lie kAla bhI vahI zreSTha hai, jahAM mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRttiyAM samabhAva meM sthira raha skeN| tAtparya yaha hai ki dhyAna hetu dina, rAta, belA Adi koI nizcita samaya nirdhArita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra, AsanoM kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki padmAsana, vajrAsana yA kAyotsarga-mudrA meM hI dhyAna phalita hotA hai- aisA bhI koI nizcita niyama nahIM hai, athavA deha kI jisa abhyasta avasthA meM bAdhArahita dhyAna sambhava ho, usI avasthA meM dhyAnamagna honA caahie| dhyAna ke lie to eka hI niyama lAgU hotA hai ki mana-vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM kI sthiratA kaise sambhava ho ? yoga kI sthiratA ke lie khar3e hokara, leTakara, baiThakara athavA sokara bhI dhyAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| isameM granthakAra kI dRSTi se koI Apattijanaka bAta nahIM hai|18 isa prakAra, granthakAra dhyAna ke kSetra, kAla aura Asana ke sambandha meM koI Agraha nahIM rakhate haiN| Age, gAthA kramAMka bayAlIsa se ar3asaTha taka dharmadhyAna ke kSetra meM svAdhyAya Adi kI AvazyakatA batAI gaI hai| AtmA kA antara-darzana yA avalokana karane se dhyAna ke vikAsa-krama meM pragati hotI hai, sAtha hI cittavRttiyoM kI caMcalatA meM sthiratA kI vRddhi hotI hai| vAcanA, pRcchanA, parivartanA tathA anuprekSA- ye dhyAnAMga na hokara svAdhyAya ke aMga haiN| svAdhyAya kA matalaba hai- Atmonmukha honaa| Atmonmukha pravRtti cittavRtti kI " puvvAkayaSbhAso bhAvaNAhiM ...sANaMmmi suniccalo hoii|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 30-34. hoi tahA payaiyavvaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 35-41. 18 niccaM ciya juvai..... 'For Personal & Private Use Only

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sthiratA meM sahAyaka hai, isalie Abhyantara - tapoM meM svAdhyAya ke bAda dhyAna ko sthAna diyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra koI manuSya majabUta rassI ke sahAre durgama sthAna para pahuMca jAtA hai, usI prakAra sAdhaka bhI vAcanA, pRcchanA Adi ke Alambana se zuddhadhyAna meM ArUr3ha ho jAtA hai, athavA dhyAna kA sAdhaka sUtroM kA sahArA lekara zreSThadhyAna taka jA pahuMcatA hai| dhyAna kA mUla lakSya to mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM kA nirodha hai, jo kramAnugata hotA hai| dhyAtavya - dvAra ke antargata dhyAtavya ke cAra prakAroM ko paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| dharmadhyAna ke AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAnavicaya - ina cAra aMgoM ke mAdhyama se sAdhaka zubhAzubha kAryoM kI pariNati kA jJAtA banakara, saMsAra ke parapadArthoM ke prati Asakti kA tyAga kara AtmA ko alaukika dharma meM sthira kara detA hai / kaSAyarahita athavA pramAdarahita dhyAtA anityAdi bhAvanA kA cintana karatA huA dharmadhyAna meM rata rahatA hai| isa prakAra, dharmadhyAnI tIna prazasta lezyAoM, arthAt pIta, padma tathA zukla lezyAoM se yukta hotA haiN| Age, granthakAra dharmadhyAna ke liGga, phalAdi kA ullekha to zukladhyAna ke antargata karate haiM, kintu yahAM dharmadhyAna ke upasaMhAra meM dharmadhyAnI ko dAna, zIla, tapa, kIrttana, vinaya, zruta aura saMyama meM rata rahane kA mArgadarzana karate hue granthakAra jinabhadragaNi dharmadhyAna ke prasaMga ko samApta karate haiN|19 Age gAthA kramAMka unahattara se baMyAsI ( 69 - 82 ) taka granthakAra ne zukladhyAna kI bhI carcA kI hai dharmadhyAna ke bAda kI avasthA ko zukladhyAna kahate haiN| zukladhyAna meM ekAgratApUrvaka lIna sAdhaka tIna bhuvana ke parapadArthoM ko viSaya banAne vAle apane mana ko kramazaH saMkucita karatA huA sUkSma meM sthira rahatA hai aura phira zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNoM meM manavihIna hotA huA 'amana' bana jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna ke samAna zukladhyAna ke bhI bAraha dvAra haiN| pUrva meM granthakAra ne dharmadhyAna meM liGga, phala Adi kA varNana nahIM kiyA hai, kyoMki zukladhyAna ke antargata hI dharmadhyAna ke liMga, phalAdi ke sandarbha meM carcA kI gaI hai| zukladhyAna ke dvArA prakampita mana niSprakampita hone, saMkalpa-vikalpa se grasta mana nirvikalpa hone, azAnta mana zAnta hone tathA mAnasika, vAcika evaM kAyika-yogoM kI pUrNatayA nirodha kI sthiti prApta hotI hai| yahAM granthakAra ne zukladhyAna 19 AlaMbaNAivAyaNa - pucchaNa ..sula - sIlasaMjamarao dhammajjhANI muNeyavvo / / dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 42-69 For Personal & Private Use Only

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10 ke cAra AlambanoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai- 1. kSamA 2. mArdava 3. Arjava aura 4. mukti| ina AlambanoM ke mAdhyama se hI sAdhaka zukladhyAna kI sImA meM praveza pA sakatA hai| vastutaH, ye zukladhyAna ke Alambana cAra kaSAyoM ke tyAgasvarUpa hI prakaTa hote haiN| krodha ke tyAgasvarUpa kSamA kA, mAna ke tyAgasvarUpa mArdava kA, mAyA ke tyAgasvarUpa Arjava kA aura lobha ke tyAgasvarUpa mukti kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai| zukladhyAna ko bhI cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai1. pRthaktvavitarka-savicAra 2. ekatvavitarka-avicAra, 3... sUkSmakriyA-nivRtti aura 4. vyucchinnkriyaa-aprtipaati| 1. pRthaktvavitarka-savicAra - isa dhyAna meM sAdhaka kabhI dravya se mana ko haTAkara paryAya meM, to kabhI paryAya se mana ko haTAkara dravya meM sthira karatA hai| isa prakAra, arthAntara, vyaMjanAntara tathA yogAntara ke kAraNa yaha dhyAna pRthaktvavitarka -savicAra nAmaka zukladhyAna kahalAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM bhI dhyeya padArtha eka hI hotA hai, phira bhI dhyAna kA saMkramaNa kabhI dravya para, to kabhI paryAya para hotA rahatA hai| 2. ekatvavitarka-avicAra - jaba dravya evaM paryAya meM se kisI eka para dhyAna kendrita ho jAtA hai, arthAt antaHkaraNa vastu kI tIna avasthAoM arthAt utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya meM se kisI eka hI paryAya meM citta sthira ho jAtA hai, taba vaha ekatvavitarka-avicAra nAmaka dUsarA zukladhyAna kahA jAtA hai| 3. sUkSmakriyA-nivRtti - isa zukladhyAna ke antargata sAdhaka ke mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti kA kramazaH nirodha ho jAtA hai, mAtra zvAsozvAsa kI sUkSma pravRtti zeSa rahatI hai| yaha sUkSmakriyA-nivRtti nAmaka tIsarA zukladhyAna hai| 4. vyucchinnakriyA-apratipAti - terahaveM guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka antima samaya meM yogoM kA sampUrNataH nirodha karatA hai| jo sUkSma zvAsozvAsa calatA hai, vaha bhI samApta ho jAtA hai, arthAt mana, vacana aura kAyA- ina tInoM yogoM kI sarvapravRttiyoM kA nirodha hotA hai, sAtha hI terahavAM guNasthAna bhI pUrA ho jAtA hai aura vaha caudahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai, vahAM zukladhyAna kA cauthA bheda hotA hai| ... caudahaveM guNasthAna kA kAla mAtra pAMca hRsvAkSara (a, i, u, R, lu) ke uccAraNa ke samaya jitanA hai| isa kAla ke antargata udaya meM prApta huI evaM sattA meM sthita sarva karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSaya karake sAdhaka karmarUpI bandhana se tathA zarIrarUpI bandhana se For Personal & Private Use Only

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sadA-sadA ke lie mukta ho jAtA hai| yahAM sAdhakoM kI anAdikAla se pravAhamAn saMsAra-avasthA samApta ho jAtI hai| ve niraMjana, nirAkAramaya apane svarUpa ke svAmI bana jAte haiM, jo dharmasAdhanA, dhyAna tathA yoga-sAdhanA kA carama lakSya hai|20 Age, gAthA kramAMka tirAsI se lekara aThAsI taka meM ayogI-avasthA kI vizeSatAoM ko batAyA gayA hai| anuprekSAoM ke cintana ke sandarbha meM batAyA gayA hai ki zukladhyAnI zukladhyAna se suvAsita ho, dhyAna kI kriyAeM samApta karane ke bAda karmAgama ke kAraNa hone vAle duHkha, saMsAra kI azubharUpatA, janma-maraNarUpa bhava-bhramaNa aura cetana-acetana vastumAtra kI nazvaratA (vastuvipariNAma)- ina cAra anuprekSAoM kA cintana karatA hai| isake pazcAt gAthA kramAMka unabbe se lekara tirAnave taka lezyA, liD.ga, phalAdi ko paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| prathama ke do zukladhyAna, zuklalezyA, ' tIsarA paramazuklalezyA meM aura apanI avicalatA, aDigatA meM parvata ko bhI jIta lene vAlA vaha sAdhaka cauthe zukladhyAna meM lezyAoM se pare hotA hai, kyoMki isa zukladhyAna meM mana 'amana' bana jAtA hai, arthAt usameM lezyA hone kA prazna hI nahIM hotA hai| __ lezyA ke vivecana ke pazcAt grantha meM avadha, asammoha, viveka tathA vyutsargarUpa zukladhyAna ke cAra lakSaNoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| __ yahAM granthakAra jinabhadragaNi zukladhyAna ke pariNAma (phala) kA varNana karate hue batAte haiM ki zubhakAryoM kA phala devasukha hai, jo zubhAnubandhI dharmadhyAna kA phala hai| vizeSa rUpa se, jo zubha kAryoM ke kAraNa anuttara-vimAna ke sukhoM kI prApti hotI hai, ve prathama ke do zukladhyAna ke phala haiN| anta ke do zukladhyAnoM kA phala to avyAbAdha sukha, anantAnanta sukhAnubhUti, arthAt nirvANa kI prApti hai| isa prakAra zukladhyAna ke vivaraNa kI carcA ko samApta karate hue granthakAra dvArA Age gAthA kramAMka chiyAnave se lekara eka sau do taka meM, dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna mokSa ke hetu kyoM haiM tathA kisa kAraNa se yahAM unakI mahattA kA mUlyAMkana kiyA- isa sandarbha meM alaga-alaga prakAra ke udAharaNoM aha khaMti-maddava .. .............. ...jjhANaM parama sukkaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 69-82.. 21 paDhama joge jogesu.................. .vatthaNaM vipariNAmaM ca / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 83-88. sukkAe lesAe ...................... suhANubaMdhINi dhmmss|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 89-93. ................... / For Personal & Private Use Only

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dvArA inheM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| antima gAthA kramAMka eka sau tIna se lekara eka sau pAMca taka meM kahA gayA hai ki dhyAna ke mAdhyama se mAnasika arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA, IrSyA evaM zokAdijanya duHkhoM kA tathA zArIrika-pIr3A (alsara, raktacApa, hRdayAghAta Adi) ke duHkha kA abhAva hotA hai| anta meM, granthakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa grantha kA upasaMhAra karate hue grantha ke mahattva tathA grantha-pramANa kA nirdeza karate hue kahate haiM ki dhyAna samasta guNoM kA AdhAra-stambha hai, ihalaukika aura paralaukika sukhoM kA bhaNDAra hai, atyanta vizuddha hai aura sadaiva hI zraddheya, jJAtavya, dhAtavya evaM prAptavya hai| isa prakAra, grantha ke antargata, dhyAna kyA hai ? dhyAna kA svarUpa kyA hai ? usake mUla prakAra kitane haiM ? una prakAroM ke bheda, prabheda kitane haiM ? unake lakSaNa, Alambana evaM dhyeya kyA haiM ? ina sabakI carcA bhI kI gaI hai| tatpazcAt, dhyAtA kI manovRttiyAM, bhinna-bhinna dhyAnoM ke svAmI kA prasaMga, dhyAna-yogya sthAna, samaya, Asana tathA mudrA Adi tathyoM kA bahuta hI sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta vivaraNa meM dhyAna ke bheda, prabheda, lakSaNa aura Alambana Adi kI carcA to sthAnAMgasUtra aura tattvArthasUtra ko mAdhyama mAnakara huI hai, kintu dhyAna ke kAla, Asana, mudrA Adi kI carcA isakI apanI svatantra dena hai (athavA carcA hai), jisakA anukaraNa paravartI granthoM meM kiyA gayA hai, jaise- yogazAstra, jJAnArNava, AdipurANa aadi| mUla granthakAra kA paricaya prastuta grantha ke racanAkAra ko lekara vartamAnakAla meM bhinna-bhinna vidvAnoM kI bhinna-bhinna mAnyatAeM haiN| bhinna-bhinna mAnyatAeM to vidvAnoM kI mati-bheda kA hI phala hai, lekina pramANoM ke AdhAra para dekhA jAe, to yaha spaSTa hai ki dhyAnAdhyayana aparanAma dhyAnazataka grantha ke racayitA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa hI vikhyAta haiN| ___ 'bRhad jaina-sAhitya kA itihAsa', bhAga- 4 (pRSTha saMkhyA 250) meM yaha nirdeza milatA hai ki prastuta grantha meM 106 gAthAeM haiN| isakI antima gAthA meM yaha spaSTa rUpa 23 saMvara-viNijjarAo mokkhassa ............. kammaghaNA vilijjti|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 96-102. 24 nakasAya samutthehi..... ...........teyaM ca niccpi|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 103-105. 25 jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga - 4, pR. 250. (ka) DiskripTiva keTelAga oNpha da gavarnameNTa kalekzana oNpha mainaskripTsa (vaoNlyUma gTappae bhAga pa, pR. 415-416) For Personal & Private Use Only

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13 se ullekha milatA hai ki yaha grantha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA viracita hai| vaha gAthA nimnAMkita hai paMcuttareNa gAhAsaeNa jhANassa yaM samakkhAyaM / jiNabhaddakhamAsamaNehiM kammavisohIkaraNaM jaiNo / / 26 arthAt, eka sau pAMca gAthAoM meM dhyAna kA jo varNana kiyA gayA hai, vaha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA muni ke karmoM kI vizuddhi ke lie hai| abhidhAnarAjendrakoza meM isa gAthA ko grantha meM samAhita mAnakara kahA gayA hai ki 'jhANajjhayaNa' (dhyAnazataka) jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA racita hai| dUsare tarIke se isa gAthA kA anvaya isa prakAra hogA 'jinamaddakhamAsamaNehiM gAhA paMcuttareNa saeNa jinno| kammavisohI karaNaM jhANajjhayaNaM samakkhAyaM / / 28 isI gAthA ko pramANita mAnakara, 'vinayabhaktisundaracaraNa granthamAlA' dvArA prakAzita saMskaraNa meM bhI 'jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa' hI isake racayitA haiM- isa bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai| isI ke sandarbha meM yahAM eka bAta aura spaSTatayA dikhAI detI hai ki abhidhAnarAjendrakoza meM gAthA saMkhyA paiMtAlIsa ke rUpa meM nimnalikhita gAthA saMkalita 'ANA vijae vivAge, saMThANao a naayvvaa| ee cattAri payA, jhAyavvA dhmmjhaannss||29 26 yaha gAthA AvazyakasUtra (pUrva bhAga pR. 582-612) ke antargata dhyAnazataka meM tathA vi. bhA. su. ca. granthamAlA dvArA prakAzita usake svatantra saMskaraNa meM nahIM pAI jAtI hai| yadi yaha gAthA mUla granthakAra dvArA racI gaI hotI, to TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri dvArA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke nAma kA saMketa avazyameva kiyA jaataa| 7 abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhAga- 4, pR. 1670 28 yaha kRti Avassayanijjutti aura haribhadrIya ziSyAhitA nAma kI TIkA ke sAtha Agamodaya samiti ne cAra bhAgoM meM prakAzita kI hai| usake pUrvabhAga (patra 582 a-611 ) meM Avassaya kI isa niyukti kI gAthA 1271 ke pazcAt ye 105 gAthAeM AtI haiN| yaha jhANajjhayaNa haribhadrIya TIkA tathA maladhArI hemacandrasUrIkRta Tippanaka ke sAtha ' vinaya-bhakti-sundara-caraNagranthamAlA' ke tRtIya puSparUpa se vikrama saMvat 1998 meM prakAzita huA hai aura usameM isake kartA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kahe gae haiN| isa kRti kI svatantra hastaprati milatI hai| 29 abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhAga-4, pR. 1666 30 jainayoga ke sAta grantha, pR.- 34 For Personal & Private Use Only

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isa gAthA ko muni dulaharAja ne bhI apane grantha meM sammilita to kiyA, parantu ise anyakartRka batAkara gAthA kI saMkhyA mudrita na karate hue isa saMdarbha ko vahIM samApta kara diyA / 30 abhidhAnarAjendrakoza meM ina donoM gAthAoM ko saMkalita karake 'dhyAnazataka' kI eka sau pAMcavIM gAthA ke bAda ina gAthAoM ko puSpikA kA nAma dekara uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / upasaMhAra kI dRSTi se yaha paramparA jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa ke anya grantha vizeSAvazyaka - bhASya meM bhI milatI hai / sAtha-hI-sAtha, maladhArI hemacandrAcArya ne bhI isakI vRtti meM carama kI do gAthAoM ke mAdhyama se hI grantha ke upasaMhAra kA ullekha kiyA hai prAhUH 'athaprakRtopasaMhArArthamAtmana auddhatyaM parihArArtha ca zrIjinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNapUjyA iyaM parisamApiyaM sAmAia matthao samAseNa / vittharao kevaliNo puvvavio vA pahAsaMti / / 3602 / / savvANuogamUlaM bhAsaM samAiassa soUNa / hoi parikammiamaI joggo sesANuogassa / / 3603 / / 31 14 uparyukta do gAthAeM upasaMhArarUpa milane se isa tathya kA spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai ki jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA viracita dhyAnAdhyayana (dhyAnazataka) ke antargata carama dvayagAthAoM ko upasaMhAra ke rUpa mAnA jA sakatA hai, kintu hamAre samakSa eka samasyA yaha bhI hai ki prastuta kRti kI haribhadra kI AvazyakavRtti meM bhI sirpha eka sau pAMca gAthAoM kA hI ullekha milatA hai| usameM eka sau chaThavIM gAthA kA ullekha upalabdha nahIM hai, jisameM isakA karttA jinabhadragaNi ko batAyA gayA hai| isI ko AdhAra mAnakara paNDita bAlacandrajI zAstrI ne dhyAnazataka grantha kI apanI prastAvanA meM isa mAnyatA meM sandeha vyakta kiyA hai ki isa grantha ke granthakarttA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa na hokara koI aura hI haiN| yadi paNDitajI kI isa bAta ko najaraaMdAja kie binA yaha mAnya kara leM 31 vizeSAvazyakabhASya p (maladhArI hemacandrakRta bRhadvRtti, 3602-3603, pR. 677 For Personal & Private Use Only

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ki eka sau chaThavIM gAthA paravartI kisI AcArya athavA vidvAn dvArA samAhita kI gaI hai, to hama isa satyAMza ko svIkAra hI nahIM kara sakeMge ki prastuta grantha ke racayitA jinabhadragaNi nahIM haiM, kyoMki svayaM paNDita bAlacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI ne apanI hI prastAvanA meM isa bAta ko bhI nirvivAda rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai ki jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne vizeSAvazyakabhASya, jItakalpabhASya Adi apanI kRtiyoM meM apane nAma kA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM kiyA, ataH cAhe eka sau chaThavIM gAthA prakSipta ho, kintu isa AdhAra para hama yaha niSkarSa nahIM nikAla sakate haiM ki jhANajjhayaNa athavA dhyAnazataka meM granthakAra ke nAma kI anupasthiti se yaha kRti kisI anya dvArA racI gaI ho| hama paNDitajI kI isa bAta ko to mAnya karate haiM ki carama gAthA kisI ora dvArA prakSipta ho sakatI hai, lekina unakI yaha bAta mAnya nahIM ho sakatI hai ki prastuta kRti jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA viracita nahIM hai| paNDita bAlacandrajI kA yaha kathana bhI satya hai ki isa grantha kI aMtima gAthA meM, jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA yaha grantha racA gayA hai- yaha ullekha nahIM hai, lekina yadi racayitA svayaM yaha gAthA jor3ate, to ve yaha likhate ki 'mujha jinabhadragaNi dvArA yaha likhA gayA hai, kintu aisA ullekha na hokara mAtra grantha ke kartA jinabhadragaNi batAe gae haiM, ataH isase yaha bAta to siddha hotI hai ki isa gAthA kA racayitA koI anya nahIM hai| aba prazna to yaha hai ki yaha gAthA isa grantha meM kaba aura kisake dvArA jor3I gaI hai ? vAstavikatA yaha bhI ho sakatI hai ki yaha carama gAthA isa grantha meM haribhadrIya TIkA ke pazcAt jor3I gaI ho aura isI hetu haribhadra ne isa gAthA para TIkA nahIM likhI ho| dUsare, yadi svayaM haribhadra isa gAthA kI racanA karate, to ve mUla gAthAoM ke bAda avazyameva isa gAthA kA ullekha karate, lekina aisA bhI pratIta nahIM hotA hai| satyatA to yaha hai ki haribhadra (AThavIM zatI) maladhArI hemacandra (bArahavIM zatI) kI TIkA ke bAda hI gAthA prakSipta huI ho, kyoMki haribhadrIya TIkA ke bAda maladhArI hemacandra dvArA isa para jo TippaNI likhI gaI, usameM bhI isake kartA ke sandarbha meM kisI prakAra kA koI saMketa nahIM milatA hai| isase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki yaha gAthA prastuta grantha meM TIkA tathA TippaNa ke pazcAt hI prakSipta huI ho| 32 jinabhadragaNi dvArA viracita vizeSaNavatI, bRhatkSetrasamAsa aura bRhatsaMgrahaNI Adi kucha anya kRtiyAM bhI haiM, jinameM nAmollekha kA abhAva hai| . For Personal & Private Use Only

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paNDita dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ko bhI yaha sandeha hai ki prastuta grantha ke granthakAra jinabhadragaNi nahIM haiM aura unakA yaha sandeha haribhadrIya TIkA tathA maladhArI hemacandra kI TippaNI meM granthakAra ke nAma kA ullekha na hone para AdhArita hai / 33 vinayabhaktisundaracaraNa granthamAlA se mudrita saMskaraNa meM eka sau chaThavIM gAthA meM 'dhyAnazataka' ke racayitA ke rUpa meM jinabhadragaNi ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha bAta jJAtavya hone para paNDita bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrI ne apanI sampAdita pustaka meM carama gAthA ko uddhRta nahIM kiyA aura eka sau pAMca gAthAoM kA varNana karake grantha ko samApta kara diyA, kyoMki unakA mantavya to yahI hai ki yaha gAthA granthakarttA kI hai yA paravartI kisI anya dvArA racita hai - yahI sandeha kA bhI viSaya hai, 34 sAtha hI, unakA yaha bhI mAnanA hai ki isa grantha meM maMgalAcaraNa kI paddhati bhI bhinna hai- yaha bhI sandeha kA eka kAraNa hai| 35 jahAM taka maMgalAcaraNa kI bhinnatA kA prazna hai, to usakA sIdhA nivAraNa yaha hai ki vibhinna granthoM kI racanA meM vibhinna rUpoM se maMgalAcaraNa honA svAbhAvika pratIta hotA hai| isameM koI doSa yA Apattijanaka bAta nahIM hai| dUsarA yaha ho sakatA hai ki dhyAnazataka ke racanAkAra jinabhadragaNi hI haiM- isako lekara kisI prakAra kA bhrama na ho, isalie paravartIkAla meM kisI ne eka sau chaThavIM gAthA usameM jor3akara granthakarttA ke nAma kA ullekha kiyA ho / isa sambandha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina paNDita bAlacandrajI kI zaMkA kA nivAraNa karate hue likhate haiM ki digambara - paramparA ke AcArya kundakunda, mUlAcAra ke racayitA vaTTakera Adi ne bhI apanI-apanI racanAoM meM apanA nAmollekha nahIM kiyA, isakA matalaba yaha to nahIM hai ki samayasAra, pravacanasAra, mUlAcAra Adi granthoM ke lekhakoM ke viSaya meM sandeha kiyA jAe ? sabase mahattvapUrNa bAta to yaha hai ki vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI meM sampUrNa grantha AcArya haribhadra ke samakSa upalabdha thaa| jinabhadragaNi kA kAla lagabhaga chaThavIM zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai| haribhadra ke pUrva arthAt ina do zatAbdiyoM ke madhya zvetAmbara-paramparA meM tattvArtha ke TIkAkAra siddhasenagaNi aura cUrNikAra jinadAsagaNi- ye 33 gaNadharavAda, prastAvanA, pR. 45. 34 dhyAnazataka, prastAvanA, sampAdaka bAlacandrajI zAstrI,, pR. 02. 35 dhyAnazataka, prastAvanA, sampAdaka bAlacandrajI zAstrI, pR. 03. 16 - For Personal & Private Use Only

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. 17 do hI mahAn prajJAvAn AcArya hue haiM, lekina yaha to spaSTa hai ki prastuta grantha ke karttA ina donoM meM se eka bhI nahIM haiM, ataH yaha bhI mAnanA ucita hI hai ki zvetAmbara-paramparA ke AcArya jinabhadragaNi hI dhyAnazataka athavA dhyAnAdhyayana ke kartA haiN| dUsarA yaha ki yaha kRti digambara evaM yApanIya-paramparA kI bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai, kyoMki yaha kRti mahArASTrI prabhAvita arddhamAgadhI kI hai aura kisI bhI digambara yA yApanIya AcArya ne arddhamAgadhI bhASA meM koI bhI racanA nahIM kI hai| unakI sabhI racanAeM zaurasenI yA jaina-zaurasenI prAkRta meM haiN| sabhI sandehoM ke pariprekSya meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apanI jaina-dharma-darzana evaM saMskRti (zodhalekhoM kA saMkalana) nAmaka pustaka meM yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai- 'merI dRSTi meM yaha grantha niyukti ke bAda kA aura jinadAsagaNi mahattara kI cUrNiyoM ke pUrva bhASyakAla kI racanA hai, ataH isake kartA vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke kartA jinabhadragaNi hI hone caahie| 36 paNDita dalasukhabhAI ne ise niyuktikAra kI racanA mAnA hai, lekina DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke anusAra niyuktikAra kI racanA mAnanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki yaha bhASyakAla ke daurAna racI gaI kRti hai, jo haribhadra ke pUrva kI kRti hai| cUMki niyuktiyoM, bhASyoM ke bAda cUrNiyoM kA samaya AtA hai aura cUrNiyAM prAkRta grantha meM likhI jAtI haiM, isalie unakI zailI aura bhASA Adi kI dRSTi se dekhA jAe, to yaha grantha cUrNiyoM se pUrvavartI hai, ataH ise isake bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi kI kRti mAna lenA hI ucita pratIta hotA hai| niSkarSa - isa sampUrNa carcA ke AdhAra para hama isa nirNaya para pahuMcate haiM ki 'dhyAnazataka' nAmaka prastuta kRti kA racanAkAla AThavIM zatAbdI se pUrva evaM chaThavIM zatAbdI ke pazcAt hI honA caahie| anya apekSA se yaha kRti niyukti ke pazcAt aura cUrNi ke pUrva hI likhI gaI hai, ataH ise bhASyakAla kI racanA hI mAnanA hogaa| bhASyoM kA racanAkAla vikrama saMvat sAtavIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArddha aura bhASyakAra ke rUpa meM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA nAma suspaSTa hai, ataH niSkarSa rUpa se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'jhANajjhayaNa' apara 'dhyAnazataka' vikrama kI sAtavIM zatI meM bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi dvArA hI racita hai| 36 jainadharma-darzana evaM saMskRti, bhAga - 7, pR. 43. For Personal & Private Use Only

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mUla granthakAra kA vyaktitva aura kRtitva jaina-zAsana meM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa Agama ke viziSTa jJAnI the| ve AgamoM ke prati agAdha zraddhAvAn tathA niSThAvAn ke rUpa meM prakhyAta the| unake AcAra-vicAra tathA cintana ke pakSa svatantra nahIM the, apitu Agama-tantra se jur3e hue the| AcArya siddhasena ne yukti kA Alambana lekara AgamoM ko jAnA evaM samajhA, lekina jinabhadragaNi ne AgamoM kA Alambana lekara yukta aura ayukta kA cintana-manana kiyaa| unhoMne yadi anya paramparA yA matoM kA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai, to Agama ke eka-eka zabda ko AdhAra-rUpa banAkara kiyA hai, tAki Agamika-paramparA ko vyavasthita tathA surakSita rakhA jA sake, isalie itihAsa ke svarNa-pRSThoM para jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA nAma agima paMktiyoM meM aMkita hai / mUla granthakAra kA vyaktitva - jaina-AgamoM meM bhASyakAroM ke rUpa meM saMghadAsagaNi tathA jinabhadragaNi- ina do AcAryoM kA sthAna pramukha hai| inameM bhI jinabhadragaNi kA sthAna sarvazreSTha hai| prAcIna granthoM ke avalokana se bhI yaha jJAta hotA hai ki jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke jIvana-prasaMgoM se sambandhita vizeSa jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hai| na to unakI janmabhUmi aura na hI unake pArivArika-vivaraNoM ke viSaya meM kucha sAmagrI milatI hai, lekina 'vividha tIrthakalpa' meM jinabhadragaNi se jur3A huA eka ullekha dRSTigocara hotA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai38_ "ittha devanimmiathUbhe pakkhakkhavamaNeNa devayaM ArAhittA jinabhaddakhamAsamaNehiM uhehi Abhakkhiyapunthamapattatta vRhaMbhaggaM mahAnisIhaM sNdhi|| 31 mottUNa heuvAyaM AgamamettAvalaMbiNo houN| sammaNa ciMtaNijja kiM juttamajuttameyaMti / / -vizeSaNavatI. 38 vividha tIrthakalpa, pR. 19. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___19 isa ullekhAnusAra, eka pakSa kI lambI tapasyA ke mAdhyama se jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne mathurA meM sthita devanirmita stUpa ke adhiSThAyika deva ko prasanna kara usakI sahAyatA se dImaka Adi kIr3oM dvArA bhakSita 'mahAnizItha' nAmaka sUtra kA uddhAra kiyA thaa| yaha ghaTanA yA prasaMga isa bAta ko sUcita karatA hai ki mathurA se jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA koI sambandha avazya rahA hogaa| abhilekhIya-sAkSyoM se yaha patA calatA hai ki aDa,koTTaka (akoTa) gujarAta se prApta do dhAtu-pratimAoM ke aMkita lekha meM nivRtti-kula ke vAcanAcArya jinabhadragaNi kA ullekha milatA hai| DaoN. umAkAnta premAnanda zAha ne aDa,koTTaka (akoTa) gAMva se prApta huI do pratimAoM ke adhyayana ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki ye pratimAeM IsvI san 550 se lekara 600 taka ke kAla kI haiN| unhoMne yaha bhI likhA hai ki ina pratimAoM ke lekhoM meM jina AcArya jinabhadra kA nAma hai , ve vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke kartA kSamAzramaNa AcArya jinabhadra hI haiN| ___unakI vAcanA ke anusAra, eka mUrti ke padmAsana ke pichale bhAga meM 'U~ devAdharmoyaM nivRttikule jinabhadravAcanAcAryasya'- aisA likhA huA hai aura dUsarI mUrti ke AbhAmaNDala meM 'U~ nivRttikule jinamadravAcanAcAryasya' - aisA lekha hai| ina lekhoM se tIna bAteM phalita hotI haiM1. AcArya jinabhadra ne ina pratimAoM ko pratiSThita kiyA hogaa| 2. unake kula kA nAma nivRtti-kula thA aura 3. unheM vAcanAcArya kahA jAtA thaa| cUMki ye mUrtiyAM aDa,koTTaka (akoTa) meM milI haiM, ataH yaha bhI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki usa samaya bhar3auca ke AsapAsa bhI jainoM kA prabhAva rahA hogA aura AcArya jinabhadra ne isa kSetra meM bhI vicaraNa kiyA hogaa| AcArya jinabhadragaNi nivRtti-kulaM se rahe the- isakA pramANa una mUrtiyoM meM aMkana ke atirikta dUsarI jagaha kahIM bhI nahIM milatA hai| nivRtti-kula kI prasiddhi ke pIche nimna kathana kA AdhAra liyA jA sakatA hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra kI pATa-paramparA meM eka AcArya vajrasena hue the| sambhavataH, vaha satrahaveM paTTa-paramparA para AsIna the| unhoMne sopAraka nagaravAsI seTha jinadatta aura 39 jaina satyaprakAza, aMka 196. For Personal & Private Use Only

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unakI dharmapatnI IzvarI ko vairAgyAspada pravacanoM se pratibodhita karake unakI cAroM santAnoM ko dIkSita kiyaa| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM- nAgendra, candra, nivRtti aura vidyaadhr| AgAmI kAla meM inhIM cAroM ke nAma se hI alaga-alaga prakAra kI cAra paramparAeM pracalita huii| isI nivRtti-kula meM jinabhadragaNi hue hoNge| isake AdhAra para vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki yaha ullekha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA hI honA cAhie, kyoMki usake Age vAcaka vizeSaNa unakI vidvattA ko sUcita karatA hai| isa sandarbha meM unake jIvana se sambandhita aura kucha tathya hamAre samakSa nahIM haiN| ..prathama to yaha ki aDa,koTTaka (akoTa) se prApta dhAtu-pratimAeM mUlataH zvetAmbara-paramparAoM se sambandhita rahI haiM aura AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa bhI zvetAmbara-paramparA ke hI AcArya rahe hue haiN| dUsare, aDa,koTTaka se prApta ina dhAtu-pratimAoM ko vidvAnoM ne vikrama kI chaThavIM-sAtavIM zatAbdI kI mAnA hai| lagabhaga yahI kAla jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA rahA hai, kyoMki unake dvArA nirmita vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI eka tAr3apatrIya prati para zaka saMvat 531 kA ullekha hai, ataH unake kAla aura paramparA kI samAnatA ke AdhAra para yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki isa grantha, arthAt jhANajjhayaNa (dhyAnazataka) kA racanAkAla bhI vikrama kI chaThavIM zatI ke anta yA sAtavIM zatAbdI ke madhya taka hI honA caahie| isakA eka pramANa yaha bhI hai ki isa para AThavIM zatAbdI meM AcArya haribhadra ne saMskRta bhASA meM TIkA likhI hai, ataH yaha grantha isake pUrva racita honA caahie| isa grantha kA racanAkAla bhI chaThavIM yA sAtavIM zatAbdI kA mAnA jA sakatA hai| dUsare, vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI eka prati ke anta meM 'rajje Nu pAlaNapure' hone se yaha bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai ki usa samaya pAlanapura eka vistRta rAjya rahA hogA aura gujarAta ke antargata hogA, ataH jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA sambandha gujarAta se spaSTa rUpa se rahA hogaa| vallabhI jaina-bhaNDAra meM bhI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA likhI gaI eka prati prApta huii| isase bhI jinabhadragaNi kA vallabhI se kisI prakAra kA sambandha anumAnita hotA hai| sArAMzataH, yahAM yaha kaha sakate haiM ki cAhe aDakoTTaka ho yA phira pAlanapura, athavA vallabhI- tInoM hI sthAna gujarAta ke antargata hI haiM, isalie sambhavataH 40 jaina gurjara kavio, bhAga - 2, pR. 669. For Personal & Private Use Only

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21 jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA sambandha gujarAta se rahA hogaa| granthakAra kI gRhastha-paryAya caudaha varSa, zramaNa-paryAya tIsa varSa aura yugapradhAna-paryAya sATha varSa kI thii| granthakAra kula eka sau cAra varSa kI AyuSya pUrNa kara devaloka pdhaare| inake nAma ke pazcAt kSamAzramaNa vizeSaNa lagAyA jAtA hai| kSamAzramaNa, vAcanAcArya, vAcaka Adi zabda eka hI artha ke dyotaka haiN|42 ziSyahitA nAmaka bRhadvRtti ke racayitA AcArya maladhArI hemacandra ne inheM 'kSamAzramaNa' kahakara inakA guNagAna karate hue kahA hai ki ye AvazyakabhASyarUpI amRta ke sAgara evaM guNaratnAkara the, sAtha hI "jinabhadra kSamAzramaNa vyAkhyAtAraH' kahakara unake prati vizeSa Adara evaM sammAna ke bhAva pradarzita kie haiM evaM vyAkhyAkAra AcAryoM meM unako utkRSTa batAyA hai| AcArya siddhasenagaNi ne jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke anekAneka vaiduSyapUrNa kAryoM kA saMketa karate hue unheM yugapradhAna, anuyogadhara darzanajJAnopayoga ke mArgadarzaka, kSamAzramaNoM meM nidhAnabhUta Adi vividha prakAra ke AdarasUcaka vizeSaNoM ke sAtha zraddhAbhAva prakaTa kiyA hai| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa aise mahAn vyaktitva ke dhanI the| " dhyAnazataka (saM. - zrImadvijayakIrtiyazasUri) ke granthakAra ke paricaya ke sandarbha se uddhRta, pR. 44. 42 paNDita dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ne ina zabdoM kI mImAMsA isa prakAra kI haiprArambha meM 'vAcaka' zabda zAstravizArada ke lie vizeSa pracalita thA, parantu jaba vAcakoM meM kSamAzramaNa kI saMkhyA baDhatI gaI, taba 'kSamAzramaNa' zabda bhI vAcaka ke paryAya ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gayA, athavA 'kSamAzramaNa' zabda AvazyakasUtra meM sAmAnya guru ke artha meM bhI prayukta huA hai, ataH sambhava hai ki ziSya vidyAguru ko kSamAzramaNa ke nAma se sambodhita karate raheM hoM, isalie yaha svAbhAvika hai ki 'kSamAzramaNa' 'vAcaka' kA paryAya bana jaae| jaina-samAja meM jaba vAdiyoM kI pratiSThA sthApita huI, zAstra-vaizAradya ke kAraNa vAcakoM kA hI adhikatara bhAga 'vAdI' nAma se vikhyAta huA hogA, ataH kAlAMtara meM "vAdI' kA bhI 'vAcaka' hI paryAyavAcI bana jAnA svAbhAvika hai| siddhasena jaise zAstravizArada vidvAn apane ko 'divAkara' kahalAte hoMge, athavA unake sAthiyoM ne unheM 'divAkara' kI padavI dI hogI, isalie 'vAcaka' ke paryAya meM 'divAkara' ko bhI sthAna mila gyaa| AcArya jinabhadra kA yuga kSamAzramaNoM kA yuga rahA hogA, ataH sambhava hai ki unake bAda ke lekhakoM ne unake lie . vAcanAcArya ke sthAna para kSamAzramaNa pada kA ullekha kiyA ho| - gaNadharavAda, prastAvanA, pR. 31. 43 Avazyaka pratinibaddhagaMbhIrabhASya, piiyuussjnmjldhirgunnrtnraashiH| khyAtaH kSamAzramaNatAguNataH kSitau yaH, so'yaMgaNirvijayate jinbhdrnaamaa|| - ziSyahitA, maMgalAcaraNa, padya 2. " zabdAnuzAsana, sUtra 39. 45 jItakalpacUrNi, gAthA 510. For Personal & Private Use Only

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mUla granthakAra kA kRtitva - AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke jIvanavRtta ke sandarbha meM vistAra se jAnakArI na milane ke bAvajUda bhI unake kRtitva evaM vaiduSya kA sAkSAtkAra unake dvArA viracita granthoM se ho jAtA hai, arthAt unakI vaiduSyapUrNa pratibhA unakI kRtiyoM meM sarvatra pratibimbita huI hai| jinabhadragaNi AgamoM ke prati pUrNa samarpita the| Agama-paramparA dIrghakAlIna banakara jJAna-pipAsuoM ke hRdaya meM sthita rahe, isI lakSya se unhoMne bhASya kI racanA kii| niyuktiyoM ke bAda bhASyoM kI racanA huI hai| niyuktiyAM saMketAtmaka bhASA meM racI jAtI haiN| isakA mukhya uddezya pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karanA hotA hai| niyuktiyoM meM artha kI spaSTatA nahIM hotI hai, ataH Agama ke gahana rahasya ko samajhane ke lie artha sahaja, subodha tathA adhika spaSTa ho- isa hetu bhASyoM kI racanA kA krama banA hai| niyuktiyoM ke samAna hI bhASya bhI padyabaddha prAkRtabhASA meM likhe jAte haiN| bhASya-grantha - Agama-sAhitya jainadharma kI nidhi hai| mUla grantha ke rahasya ko udghATita karanA to kevalIgamya hI hai, lekina yaha bhI satya hai ki jaba taka kisI grantha kI prAmANika-vyAkhyA kA sUkSma nirIkSaNa nahIM kiyA jAtA, taba taka usa grantha meM rahI huI aneka mahattvapUrNa bAtoM se hama anabhijJa raha jAte haiN| tattva-jijJAsuoM ke lie grantha ke gUr3ha rahasya ko saralatA se pratipAdita kiyA jA sake, isa hetu kramazaH niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi aura TIkAoM kI racanA hotI hai| niyuktiyoM ke artha sUkSma tathA durgamya, aspaSTa hone se use sarala, sugama evaM spaSTa banAne hetu inhIM niyuktiyoM ke AdhAra para bhASyoM kI racanA huI, lekina kucha bhASyoM kI racanA mUlasUtroM ke AdhAra para bhI huI thii| Agama-granthoM para AdhArita bhASyoM kI sUcI nimnAMkita hai1. Avazyaka 2. dazavaikAlika 3. uttarAdhyayana 4. bRhatkalpa 5. paMcakalpa 6. vyavahAra 7. nizIthaM 8. jItakalpa 9. oghaniryakti tathA 10. piNDaniyukti / Agama-sAhitya meM mukhya rUpa se do bhASyakAroM ke nAma hI upalabdha haiM, ve haiM- 1. saMghadAsagaNi aura 2. jinabhadragaNi, lekina svargastha muni puNyavijaya ne saMghadAsagaNi aura jinabhadragaNi ke alAvA do aura bhASyakAroM ke hone kA anumAna kiyA hai| unake matAnusAra, eka to For Personal & Private Use Only

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____ 23 vyavahArabhASya kA aura eka bRhatkalpabhASya kA praNetA honA cAhie, kintu unake nAma ke sandarbha meM koI carcA nahIM kI gaI hai| uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlikasUtra, piNDaniyukti aura oghaniryakti para jo bhASya mile, unake kartA ajJAta haiN| prathama tIna bhASyoM kI gAthA-saMkhyA-pramANa bahuta hI alpa hai| uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlikasUtra aura piNDaniyuktibhASya kI gAthA kramazaH paiMtAlIsa, tirasaTha, va chiyAlIsa haiN| ye laghukAyika hone se inheM kaMThastha kiyA jA sakatA thaa| oghaniyukti para do bhASya mile haiM - 1. laghubhASya aura 2. bRhadbhASya / oghaniyukti laghubhASya bRhadbhASya gAthA parimANa (332) gAthA parimANa (2517) vyavahArabhASya dasa uddezakoM meM vibhAjita hai| isa bhASya ke antargata AlocanA, prAyazcitta, gaccha, padavI aura vihArAdi ke viSayoM kA ullekha hai, sAtha hI vibhinna prakAra se prAyazcitta kA vidhAna bhI hai| nizItha-bhASya meM jaina AcArasaMhitA kA evaM prAyazcitta kA savistAra varNana hai| ina donoM kI viSayavastu atyanta upayogI hai| bRhatkalpabhASya tathA paMcakalpabhASya ke praNetA jinabhadradAsagaNi haiN| bRhatkalpabhASya do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai- laghubhASya evaM bRhatbhASya / bRhatkalpabhASya anupalabdha hai tathA laghubhASya meM jaina-zramaNoM kI AcAra-caryA kA varNana hai| yaha cha: uddezakoM meM vibhakta hai| isakI gAthA-saMkhyA 6490 hai| bRhat sAMskRtika-sAmagrI bhI isameM nihita hai| paMcakalpabhASya meM 2574 gAthAeM prastuta sadabha jainadharma ke 'prabhAvaka AcArya' nAmaka kitAba se liyA gayA hai, pR. 419. 47 prastuta saMdarbha jainadharma ke prabhAvaka AcArya' nAmaka kitAba se liyA gayA hai, pR. 419. For Personal & Private Use Only

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haiM tathA Arya-dezoM aura rAjadhAniyoM kI sUcanA isa bhASya meM milatI hai| vizeSAvazyakabhASya tathA jItakalpabhASya ke praNetA AcArya jinabhadradAsagaNi haiN| bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi - bhASyakAroM meM jinabhadragaNi kA sarvazreSTha sthAna hai| uttaravartI-kAla ke AcAryoM ne jinabhadragaNi ko bhinna-bhinna upamAoM se alaMkRta kiyA thA, jaise- bhASyasudhAmbhodhi, bhASyapIyUSapAyodhi, prazastabhASyasasyakAzyapIkalpa, dalitakuvAdipravAda aadi| ye bhAratIya-nyAya tathA anya darzanoM ke adhyayana meM bhI khyAti prApta vidvAn rahe the| bhASyakAra kI Agama-paramparA meM vizeSa ruci dRSTigocara hotI hai| inakI kRtiyAM saMskRta tathA prAkRta-bhASA meM prApta hotI haiN| inakA saMskRta tathA prAkR ta-bhASA para prabhutva thA, isalie prAyaH sabhI kRtiyoM kI AdhAra-bhASA saMskRta tathA prAkR ta hai| AcArya jinabhadragaNi kI svatantra rUpa meM viracita kRtiyoM kI sUcI isa prakAra hai1. vizeSAvazyakabhASya (prAkRta padya meM) 2. vizeSAvazyakabhASya svopajJavRtti (apUrNa saMskRta gadya) 3. bRhatsaMgrahaNI (prAkRta padya meM) 4. bRhatkSetrasamAsa (prAkRta padya meM) 5. vizeSaNavatI (prAkRta padya meM) 6. jItakalpa (prAkRta padya meM) 7. jItakalpabhASya (prAkRta padya meM) 8. anuyogadvAracUrNi (prAkRta padya meM) 9. jhANajjhayaNa (prAkRta padya meM) . ___ prastuta kRtiyoM meM jhANajjhayaNa (dhyAnazataka) kRtitva ke bAre meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda haiM, kintu merA evaM mere nirdezaka DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA yaha dRr3ha mata hai ki jhANajjhayaNa aparanAma dhyAnazataka ke kartA jinabhadradAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa hI haiN| 48 vizeSAvazyakabhASya, anuvAda, DaoN0 dAmodara zAstrI, bhAga- 1, prastAvanA, pR. 53. (ka) jainadharma ke prabhAvaka AcArya se uddhRta, pR. 420. (kha) jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga- 3, prAstAvika, pR. 12. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sAhitya ke kSetra meM jinabhadragaNi kA vizeSa yogadAna rahA hai / usameM bhI 'bhASya' to unakA anupama avadAna hai| Agamika - vyAkhyA - sAhitya meM 'bhASya' viSaya ko samajhane meM atyadhika upayogI hai| jaisA ki pUrva meM jJAtavya hai ki bhASya mUla AgamoM evaM unakI niyuktiyoM ina donoM para likhe gae haiN| niryukti para AdhArita vizeSAvazyakabhASya bhASyoM meM pramukha hai| bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kI kRtiyoM kA saMkSipta varNana isa prakAra se hai 1. vizeSAvazyakabhASya yaha eka aisA sAragarbhita grantha hai, jisameM samasta jaina vAGmaya meM varNita sabhI mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kI savistAra carcA kI gaI hai| prastuta grantha meM jaina-jJAnavAda, pramANa - zAstra, AcAra- nIti, syAdvAda, nayavAda, karma - siddhAnta Adi sabhI mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kI carcA hai / 19 isa grantha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM jaina- darzana ke siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa jaina- darzana taka hI sImita na hokara tatsambandhI anya darzanoM kI avadhAraNAoM, mAnyatAoM tathA matabhedoM ke ullekha ke sAtha huA hai| AcArya jinabhadragaNi kA bhASIya vaiduSya itanA gahana, sajIva tathA saTIka thA ki AgamoM se sambandhita sabhI prakAra kI mAnyatAoM kA tArkika - vivaraNa isa grantha meM jitane sahaja rUpa se kiyA gayA hai, vaisA anyatra milanA bahuta hI durlabha hai| dUsare, niryukti para AdhArita yaha 'vizeSAvazyakabhASya' bhASyagranthoM meM pramukha mAnA jAtA hai| svayaM bhASyakAra ne isa samagra grantha ko anuyogoM kA mUlabhUta AdhAra kahA hai| yaha bhASya Avazyaka niryukti ke antargata 'sAmAyika' nAmaka prathama adhyayana para prAkRta bhASA meM padyabaddha rUpa meM likhA gayA hai / isako 49 (ka) ziSyahitAkhya bRhadvRtti, maladhArI hemacandraTIkA sahita, yazovijayajI, jaina- granthamAlA, banArasa, vIra saMvat 2427-2441. (kha) gujarAtI anuvAda, Agamodaya samiti, bambaI, san 1924 - 1927. (ga) vizeSAvazyaka gAthA nAmakArAdiH kramaH tathA vizeSAvazyakaviSayANAmanukramaH Agamodaya samiti, bambaI, san 1923. (gha) svopajJa vRttisahita, prathama bhAga, lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmandira 50 ahamadAbAda, san 1966. (ye sabhI pramANa jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga - 3 se uddhRta hai) vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA - 3603. 25 For Personal & Private Use Only

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'sAmAyika - bhASya' sAmAyika - adhyayana kI vyAkhyA - rUpa hai / prArambha meM jinavANI ke prati natamastaka hokara aura guru-caraNa ko sAkSI mAnakara tathA dRr3hapratijJa banakara AvazyakAnuyoga kA phala, yoga, maMgala, samudAyArtha, dvAropanyAsa, tabheda, nirukta, krama- prayojana Adi tathyoM para paryApta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| tatpazcAt, nikSepa ke bheda, anugama ke prakAra evaM naya ke AdhAra para vyAkhyA karane ke bAda anuyogadvAroM kA vivecana huA hai| phira kramazaH paMcajJAnavAda, gaNadharavAda tathA nivavAda kI vivecanA huI hai| yahAM eka bAta yaha samajhane yogya hai ki pratyeka vastu kI maryAdA hotI hai| isa grantha meM 3606 gAthAeM haiN| yahAM saMkSepa meM itanA hI samajhanA hai ki naya, nikSepa, pramANa, syAdvAda Adi darzana - viSayaka jaina- siddhAntoM kI carcA ke sAtha-sAtha pAMca jJAnoM ke bhedoM-prabhedoM kA vivecana isa grantha kI maulika dena hai| jaina darzana ke sAtha anya dArzanikoM ke siddhAntoM kI samIkSA isa kRti meM gaNadharavAda evaM nihnavavAda ke rUpa meM upalabdha hai| " gaNadharavAda ke bAda Avazyakaniryukti meM sAta nihnavoM kA hI paricaya hai, lekina jinabhadragaNi ne apane isa viziSTa grantha meM ina sAta nihnavoM ke sAtha AThaveM 'boTika' nAmaka ninava kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, jisakI mAnyatA digambara - paramparA ke anusAra hai| AcArya siddhasena ne kevalajJAna evaM kevaladarzana ko ekarUpatA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA thA, lekina jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne apanI kuzAgra buddhi ke sahAre Agamika - tarkoM, paramparAoM athavA mAnyatAoM ke AlambanoM dvArA jJAna, darzana kI ekarUpatA ke siddhAnta kA khaNDana kiyA tathA Agamika - kramavAda kA samarthana kiyA hai| jinabhadragaNi kI tArkika - vimarza kI paddhati maulika thii| unake pratyeka nirNaya meM anekAntaMvAda, syAdvAda tathA naya-nikSepa kI paddhati kA prayoga huA hai| jaina-darzana ke samagra siddhAntoM ko bhASyakAra ne bhASya meM samAhita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / isa bhASya kI mahattA ko pradarzita karate hue grantha ke antima caraNa meM bhASyakAra likhate haiM ki isa sAmAyika nAmaka bhASya ke paThana-pAThana, cintana-manana karane se prajJA vikasita hotI hai, sAtha hI Agama meM varNita viSaya ko grahaNa karane kI kSamatA prApta hotI hai / 51 paNDita zrI dalasukha mAlavaNiyAkRta 'gaNadharavAda' meM AcArya jinabhadragaNikRta gaNadharavAda kI vistRta evaM tulanAtmaka prastAvanA Adi haiN| gujarAta vidyAsabhAbhadra ahamadAbAda kI ora se san 1952 meM isakA prakAzana huA / 26 ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| prastuta grantha AvazyakasUtra ke For Personal & Private Use Only

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2. jItakalpabhASya - jItakalpasUtra para AdhArita prastuta bhASya ke bhASyakAra bhI jinabhadragaNi hI haiN| isa bhASya meM jIta-vyavahAra ke AdhAra para die jAne vAle prAyazcittoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa hai| mUlasUtra meM eka sau tIna gAthAeM tathA bhASya meM do hajAra cha: sau cha: gAthAeM haiN| pramAdavaza dharmakriyAoM meM doSa lagane para prAyazcitta ke dvArA sAdhaka apane antaHkaraNa kI zuddhi karatA hai| mUlasUtra meM AcArya ne prAyazcitta ke AlocanA, pratikramaNa, ubhaya, viveka, vyutsarga, tapa, cheda, mUla, anavasthApya aura pArAMcika Adi dasa bhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isake sAtha hI, sabhI prAyazcittoM ke aparAdhasthaloM kA nirdeza karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kisa aparAdha ke lie kauna-sA prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| isameM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki anta ke do prAyazcitta anavasthApya aura pArAMcika-prAyazcitta to caudaha pUrvadharoM ke samaya meM die jAte the, arthAt antima do prAyazcittoM kA pracalana caturdaza pUrvadhara AcArya bhadrabAhusvAmI taka rahA, tatpazcAt ve lupta ho ge| jItakalpabhASya jItakalpasUtra para do hajAra cha: sau cha: gAthAoM meM likhA gayA svopajJabhASya hai| isa bhASya ke antargata jina-jina granthoM kI gAthAoM ko samAhita kiyA hai, ve nimnAMkita haiM1. bRhatkalpabhASya. 2. laghukalpabhASya. 3. vyavahArabhASya. 4. paMcakalpamahAbhASya. 5. piNDaniyukti. prastuta granthoM kI aneka gAthAeM akSarazaH milatI haiN| bhASya kI zuruAta meM Agama, sUtra, AjJA, dhAraNA evaM jIva-vyavahAra- ina pAMca vyavahAroM kA vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| racayitA ke sandarbha meM saMzaya kA nivAraNa karane ke pazcAt sUkSmatA se prAyazcitta kA artha, AgamavyavahAra, prAyazcitta-sthAna, prAyazcitta-dAtA, prAyazcitta-dAna kI sApekSatA, bhaktaparijJA, iMginImaraNa va pAdopagamana-saMthAre kA svarUpa, zrutAdivyavahAra, jItavyavahAra, prAyazcitta ke bhedoM kI gaNanA tathA unakA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| 52 jItakalpabhASya, gAthA- 706-730. 5 jItakalpasUtra (svopajJabhASya sahita) prastAvanA, pR. 4-5. For Personal & Private Use Only

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28 yadyapi bhASya meM bhASyakAra kA nAmollekha nahIM hai, phira bhI 'heTThA'vassae bhaNiya' caraNapada se 'Avazyaka' zabda ko sUcita kiyA gayA hai| isase yaha patA calatA hai ki vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke bhASyakAra hI isa bhASya ke bhI racayitA haiN| prastuta bhASya bhI jinabhadragaNi kI dUsarI mahattvapUrNa kRti hai, isameM koI bhI sandeha nhiiN| 2. bRhatsaMgrahaNI - AgamoM kI sArabhUta viSaya-vastu kA saMkSepa meM jJAna karavAne vAlI saMgrahaNiyAM bhI ati prAcIna tathA AgamoM ke viSaya ko samajhane meM upayogI mAnI jAtI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA racita prastuta bRhatsaMgrahaNIsUtra meM Agama ke aneka viSayoM kA saMgraha hai, yathA isameM jIvoM kI gati, sthiti, aupapAtika-janma, narakoM ke bhavana, avagAhanA evaM manuSya tathA tiryaMcoM ke AyuSya Adi kA varNana hai| sUtrakAra ne isa kRti kA nAma saMgrahaNI likhA hai| yaha grantha padya-parimANa kI apekSA se bar3A hone ke kAraNa isa grantha kI prasiddhi 'bRhatsaMgrahaNI' nAma se ho gii| isa grantha para AcArya malayagiri ne TIkA likhI hai aura TIkA ke prArambha meM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ko namana kiyA hai| malayagiri ke vicArAnusAra isa kRti kI mUla gAthAeM tIna sau tirapana haiN| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne bhI isa grantha para TIkA likhI thii| yaha grantha jaina-darzana kI bhUgola-khagola sambandhI jAnakArI ke lie eka zreSTha grantha hai| uttaravartI kaI jaina-AcAryoM ne tatsadRza kucha saMgrahaNI granthoM kI racanA kI hai| 3. bRhatkSetrasamAsa - prastuta grantha ke pAMca prakaraNa tathA cha: sau chappana gAthAeM haiN| jaina-mAnyatAnusAra jambUdvIpa, lavaNasamudra, dhAtakIkhaNDa, kAlodadhi tathA puSkarArddha Adi dvIpoM evaM samudroM kA varNana ina prakaraNoM meM varNita hai| isameM gaNitAnuyoga kI bhI carcA upalabdha hotI hai| malayagiri Adi kucha AcAryoM ne isa para TIkAeM bhI likhI haiN| 'kSetrasamAsa' ke nAma se bhI kaI grantha race gae haiM, lekina prastuta 'bRhatkSetrasamAsa' nAmaka 5 tA saMgahaNi tti nAmeNaM, gAthA- 01. 55 namata jinabuddhitejaH prtihtniHshesskumghntimirm| jinavacanaikaniSaNNaM jinabhadragaNi kssmaashrmnnm|| - bRhatasaMgrahaNI. For Personal & Private Use Only

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kRti nirvivAda rUpa se jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA racI gaI hai| kRtikAra ne apanI isa kRti kA nAma samaya - kSetra - samAsa athavA kSetra - samAsa - prakaraNa rakhA hai| isa viSaya para likhI gaI anya kRtiyoM kI apekSA prastuta kRti bRhat arthAt bar3I hone ke kAraNa isa kR ti kI khyAti bRhatkSetrasamAsa nAma se huii| 4. vizeSaNavatI Agamika-mAnyatAoM ko viziSTa rUpa se paripuSTa karane kI dRSTi se likhI gaI isa kRti kA nAma vizeSaNavatI sArthaka hI hai| isa grantha meM jaina - siddhAntoM ke poSaNa tathA unake sambandha meM uThAI gaI visaMgatiyoM ke nivAraNa kA prayatna huA hai| jinabhadragaNi kA kahanA hai ki Agama aura hetu (tarka) meM bhI Agama ko mukhya sthAna diyA gayA hai / Agama kA sthAna sarvazreSTha honA svAbhAvika hai, kyoMki 'Agama' vItarAga kI vANI hai| hetu (tarka) aura yuktiyoM ke mAdhyama se AgamavANI kA AsvAdana nahIM hotA hai| isa grantha meM balapUrvaka ukta kathana kI puSTi kI gaI hai| 56 vizeSaNavatI nAmaka yaha grantha cAra sau padyoM meM nirmita huA hai| isameM vanaspati-jagat evaM avagAha (AkAza) Adi aneka viSayoM kI vivecanA hai / suvikhyAta prAcInatama grantha 'vasudevahiNDI' kA nirdeza bhI prastuta grantha meM milatA hai jo aitihAsika kathAnakoM kA rAjA hai| jarmana vidvAnoM ne guNADhya kI bRhatkathA se isakI tulanA kI thii| vizeSaNavatI grantha meM vasudevahiNDI kA varNana hone ke kAraNa isakI prAcInatA spaSTa rUpa se jhalakatI hai / kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana ko eka mAnane vAle siddhasena divAkara kA aura mallavAdI ke bhASya kI mAnyatAoM kA vizeSaNavatI meM pUrNa rUpa se khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / 5. anuyogacUrNi jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne anuyogacUrNi kI racanA kI thI / isa cUrNi kI racanA anuyogasUtra ke aMgula pada ke AdhAra para kI gaI thii| varttamAna meM isa cUrNi kA samAveza jinadAsa mahattara kI anuyogacUrNi meM hai tathA yaha AcArya haribhadra kI anuyogadvAra - TIkA meM bhI uddhRta hai / varttamAnakAla meM prastuta grantha svatantra rUpa se aprApya hai / 29 - 56 vizeSaNavatI,, padya - 274. For Personal & Private Use Only

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30 6. vizeSAvazyakabhASya-svopajJavRtti - viziSTa jJAna ke bhaNDAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kI yaha vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI svopajJaTIkA antima kRti hai| kSamAzramaNa ne vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI racanA prAkRta bhASA meM kI thI, ataH saMskRta bhASA ke jAnakAra pAThakoM ke lie isa prAkRta grantha para svopajJa-saMskRtaTIkA ke lekhana kA kArya zuru kiyA thA tathA isa kRti ke lekhanakArya ke madhya jaba SaSTha gaNadhara maNDita kI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna cala rahA thA, usI daurAna bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA dehAvasAna ho gayA thA, ataH koTyAcArya ne avaziSTa-TIkA kI racanA pUrNa kii| avaziSTa-TIkA kA parimANa teraha hajAra sAta sau zloka-parimANa hai| bhASyakAra kI yaha svopajJaTIkA sarala, subodha, sugamya tathA vividha viSayoM kI jAnakArI se paripUrNa thii| TIkA kA prArambhika rUpa bhASya kI gAthAoM para AdhArita thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kI TIkA ke samAna hI isa apUrNa TIkA kI pUrtirUpa koTyAcArya ne bhI jo TIkA likhI hai, vaha bhI sarala evaM sva-parakalyANa-guNayukta hai|" 7. jhANajjhayaNa (dhyAnazataka) - prastuta kRti kA prAkRta nAma jhANajjhayaNa (dhyAnazataka) hai| haribhadrasUri ne isakA nirdeza 'dhyAnazataka' ke nAma se kiyA hai| isake kartA ko lekara kucha vidvAn sandeha karate haiM, lekina kucha pramANoM ke AdhAra para yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki prastuta racanA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kI hI hai| prastuta kRti kA viSaya 'dhyAna' hai| dhyAna kA svarUpa evaM usake lakSaNa Adi ke sAtha isameM cAra prakAra ke dhyAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai1. ArtadhyAna 2. raudradhyAna 3. dharmadhyAna 4. shukldhyaan| inameM se do zubha tathA do azubha hote haiN| do saMsAravarddhaka haiM, to do saMsAramukti ke kAraNa haiN| isameM cAroM dhyAnoM ke svAmI, lakSaNa, svarUpa, Alambana, anuprekSA Adi viSayoM para cintana kiyA gayA hai| isI 57 nirmApya SaSThagaNadharavaktavyaM kila divaMgatAH puujyaaH| anayogamArya (ga) dezikajinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNAH / / tAneva praNipatyAtaH paramavi ziSTa vivaraNaM kriyte| koTTAryavAdigaNinA mandadhiyA zaktimanapekSya / / . - vizeSAvazyakabhASya svopajJavRtti, gAthA - 1863. For Personal & Private Use Only

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31 jhANajjhayaNaM para haribhadra ne saMskRta bhASA meM vistAra se TIkA likhI hai jo hamAre zodha kA viSaya hai| racanAkAla - prastuta grantha ke racanAkAla ko lekara kucha vidvAnoM kI apanI bhinna-bhinna vicAradhArAeM haiN| yadi hama isa kRti ke racanAkAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ko mAnate haiM, to yaha spaSTa hai ki jisa kAla meM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa upasthita the, vahI kAla isakA racanAkAla hogaa| jinabhadragaNi ke svargakAla ke sandarbha meM bhI kucha granthoM ke alaga-alaga vicAra hamAre samakSa haiN| 'vicArazreNI-grantha' ke AdhAra para jinabhadragaNi kA svargavAsa vIra saMvat 1120 mAnA gayA hai| usake anusAra, unakA dehAvasAna vikrama saMvat 650 yA IsvI san 593 meM huA hogA- aisA pratIta hotA hai| 'dharmasAgarIyapaTTAvalI' ke antargata jinabhadragaNi kA svargavAsa vikrama saMvat 705 ke AsapAsa kA mAnA gayA hai, tadanusAra ve IsvI san 649 meM svarga sidhAre the| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke granthoM meM siddhasenagaNi Adi ke sandarbha to milate haiM, lekina unake granthoM meM vIra nirvANa saMvat 1120 tadanusAra vikrama saMvat 650 ke bAda hue kisI bhI AcArya ke mata kA varNana aba taka to dRSTigocara nahIM huA hai, ataH ve vikrama kI sAtavIM zatI meM hI hue haiN| jinadAsa dvArA viracita nandIsUtra kI cUrNi (vIra nirvANa 1203, tadanusAra vikrama saMvat 733 meM racita) meM jinabhadragaNikRta vizeSAvazyakabhASya kA ullekha upalabdha hai, ataH bhASya vikrama saMvat 733 ke pUrva likhA gayA hai| ina tathyoM ke AdhAra para hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki unakA svargavAsa adhika-se-adhika vIra nirvANa 1120 tadanusAra ke AsapAsa kA rahA hogaa| yaha suspaSTa hai ki vizeSAvazyakabhASya tathA usakI svopajJaTIkA unakI carama kRti ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai, ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki 'jhANajjhayaNa' kI racanA lagabhaga IsvI san sAtavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla meM hI huI hogii| hamako yaha bAta bhI mAnanA par3egI ki jinabhadra 5 vicArazreNI gantha, prastuta sandarbha dhyAnazataka : eka paricaya se uddhRta hai| 59 dharmasAgarIya paTTAvalI,, prastuta sandarbha dhyAnazataka : eka paricaya se uddhRta hai| 60 jaina dharma ke prabhAvaka AcArya, pR 425. For Personal & Private Use Only

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zaka saMvat 531, arthAt IsvI san 609 ke pUrva hue haiM, kyoMki zaka saMvat 531 kA Alekha vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI eka tAr3apatrIya para hai| usakI eka pratilipi Aja bhI jaisalamera ke jJAnabhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai| isako pramANa mAnate hue hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki vizeSAvazyakabhASya kA racanAkAla zaka saMvat 531 ke bAda kA to nahIM ho sakatA, ataH jinabhadragaNi kA kAla vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI yA usakA uttarArddha mAnA jA sakatA hai| isI ke AdhAra para yaha bhI pramANita hotA hai ki dhyAnazataka kI racanA vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI meM kabhI huI hogii| paNDita dalasukhabhAI kI mAnyatAnusAra dhyAnazataka kA racanAkAla vikrama kI dUsarI yA tIsarI zatI honA cAhie, kyoMki dhyAnazataka ke racayitA niyuktikAra hI mAnate haiM- isa mAnyatA kA khaNDana hama pahale kara cuke haiM, phira bhI yadi hama niyuktiyoM kI racanA kA samaya IsvI san dUsarI zatI mAnate haiM, to isa grantha ke racanAkAla kI pUrva sImA IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI aura uttara sImA IsvI san chaThavIM zatAbdI yA vikrama kI sAtavIM zatI ke madhya svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| paM. bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrIjI sthAnAMga Adi sabhI arddhamAgadhI AgamoM ko vallabhI-vAcanA (pAMcavIM zatAbdI) kI racanA mAnate haiM, kintu yaha unakA bhrama hai, kyoMki vallabhI-vAcanA meM arddhamAgadhI AgamoM kI racanA nahIM huI, apitu ina AgamoM kA sampAdana evaM lekhana-kArya huA hai| unakI racanA to usake tIna sau yA cAra sau varSa pUrva ho cukI thii| 'jhANajjhayaNa' kA AdhArabhUta grantha sthAnAMgasUtra svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki usakI racanA 'jhANajjhayaNa' ke pahale ho cukI thii| vidvAnoM ne, isako IsA kI dvitIya yA tRtIya zatAbdI ke pahale racA haiyahI mAnA hai| samavAyAMga aura nandIsUtra meM ullekhita viSaya-vastu se sthAnAMga meM varNita AyAradazA Adi granthoM ke nAma aura unakI viSayavastu kAphI prAcIna dikhAI detI hai| ve nAgArjunIya (tIsarI zatI) aura devarddhigaNi kI vAcanA ke pUrva ke haiM aura dhyAnAdhyayana (dhyAnazataka) meM dhyAna se sambandhita viSaya-vastu kA anukaraNa inhIM granthoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| yadi 'jhANajjhayaNa', apara nAma dhyAnazataka kA AdhAra sthAnAMgasUtra rahA ho, to bhI vaha IsvI san kI dUsarI zatI se pUrvavartI tathA chaThavIM, sAtavIM zatI se paravartI nahIM hai, kyoMki vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla meM hue haribhadra svaMya ne For Personal & Private Use Only

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33 AvazyakavRtti ke antargata usa para savistAra TIkA likhI hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina bhI isakA samarthana karate hue apane dhyAnazataka kI bhUmikA meM likhate haiM jhANajjhayaNa aparanAma dhyAnazataka kA racanAkAla IsA kI dUsarI zatI ke pazcAt aura IsvI san ke pUrva ho sakatA hai| phira bhI, merI dRSTi meM ise jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kI racanA hone ke kAraNa IsvI san kI sAtavIM zatI kI racanA mAnanA adhika upayukta hai| TIkAkAra haribhadra kA paricaya - 'bahuratnA vasundharA'- prastuta ukti bhAratavarSa ke lie yathArtha siddha hotI hai| isa pavitra-pAvana bhUmi para aise dhIra, vIra aura gambhIra mahApuruSoM kI kamI na thI, na hai aura na hI rhegii| aise mahAn puruSa apane parAkrama, apanI sAdhanA tathA apanI prajJA ke mAdhyama se svakalyANa meM to rata rahate hI haiM, sAtha-hI-sAtha sAmAnyajana ko bhI lAbhAnvita karate haiN| saMsAra ke kalyANa ke lie, prANImAtra kI sevA ke lie aura utkRSTa mAnavatA ke nirmANa ke lie ve apane jIvana kA balidAna dekara samagra saMsAra meM sadA-sadA ke lie sammAnanIya evaM AdaraNIya bana jAte haiN| aise mahAn puruSoM kI paMkti meM agraNI sthAna prApta kara cuke haiM, asAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke dhanI- AcArya haribhadrasUri / jaina-paramparA meM haribhadra nAma ke aneka AcArya hue haiM, lekina sabase prAcIna haribhadrasUri 'yAkinI mahattarA sunU' ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| dUsare, inako bhavavirahasUri ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| yaha haribhadrasUri hI prastuta kRti ke TIkAkAra haiN| AcArya haribhadra ke jIvana ke sandarbha meM jAnakArI prApta karAne vAle granthoM meM prAcInatama grantha bhadrezvara kI, 'kahAvalI' hai, jo aba taka aprakAzita hai| 'kahAvalI' nAmaka yaha grantha prAkR ta-bhASA meM likhA gayA thaa| isakA racanAkAla nizcita nahIM hai, phira bhI itihAsajJoM ne vicAra-vimarza ke pazcAt ise vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga kI racanA mAnA hai| isake antargata AcArya haribhadra ke janmasthAna kA nAma 'pivaMguI baMbhapuNI' likhA gayA thA, jabaki anya granthoM ke avalokana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki unakA janmasthala 'cittaur3a-citrakUTa' rahA hai| 61 jaina dharma-darzana evaM saMskRti, bhAga 7, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 43. 62 kahAvalI,, kartA- bhadrezvarasUri (amudrita). 7 pivaMguIe baMbhapuNIe, kahAvalI,, khaNDa- 2, patra- 300. For Personal & Private Use Only

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ye donoM janmasthala bhinna-bhinna nAma vAle hone para bhI unameM vizeSa virodha jaisI koI bAta nahIM lagatI / 'pivaMguI - aisA mUla nAma sahI hai yA vikRta rUpa meM prApta huA, isa bAta kA nirNaya karanA kaThina hai, parantu unake saMlagna jo 'baMbhapuNI' likhA gayA hai, vaha to brahmapurI kA hI vikRta rUpa hai| ho sakatA hai ki cittaur3a (citrakUTa) ke AsapAsa isa nAma kA koI dehAta, kasbA, athavA cittaur3a nagara kA hI eka bhAga rahA hogA, jo cittaur3a kI sImA ke antargata AtA ho| isa hetu uttaravartI granthoM meM ati vikhyAta cittaur3a kA ullekha to raha gayA, kintu 'brahmapurI' nAma gauNa bana gayA ho| bAda meM kisI vidvAn kA dhyAna usa ora kendrita nahIM huA / cittaur3a ke vikAsa ke pUrva uttara- dizA meM karIba pAMca se chaha mIla dUra zibi janapada kI rAjadhAnI 'madhyamikA' nagarI prasiddha thI, jo varttamAna meM sirpha 'nagarI' ke nAma se jAnI jAtI hai| yaha nagarI prAcIna hai tathA sattA, jJAna aura dharmasthAna kA mukhya kendra rahI hai, isalie to virodhI pakSoM dvArA yadA-kadA Akramita hotI rahI hai| isakA sarvaprathama ullekha mahAbhASyakAra pataMjali (IsvI pUrva dUsarI zatI) ne apane bhASya meM kiyA / " madhyamikA tInoM paramparAoM (vaidika, bauddha tathA jaina) kA eka viziSTa kSetra thaa| 7 nirantara AkramaNoM ke kAraNa jaba vaha sthAna asurakSita huA, taba citrAMgada nAma vAle eka maurya rAjA ne madhyamikA ko apane rAjya kI rAjadhAnI bnaayaa| pahAr3a para sthita hone se pATana saMghavI ke pAMDe ke jainabhaNDAra kI visaM. 1497 meM likhita tAr3apatrIya pothI / 64 adholikhita prAcIna granthoM meM janmasthAna ke rUpa meM cittaur3a (citrakUTa) kA ullekha milatA hai| ga. prabhAcandrasUrikRta 'prabhAvakacaritra' navama zRMga, visaM. 1334. gha. rAjazekharasUrikRta 'prabodhakoSa' aparanAma 'caturviMzatiprabandha', visaM. 1405. 65 'nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA, varSa 62 aMka 2-3 meM prakAzita DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla kA lekha 'rAjasthAna meM bhAgavatadharma kA prAcIna kendra, pR. 116-121. ka. haribhadrasUrikRta 'upadezapada' kI zrImunicandrasUriTIkA, visaM. 1174. kha. 'gaNadharasArdhazataka' kI sumatigaNikRta vRtti, visaM. 1295. 66 aruNAd yavano madhyamikAm - 3 / 2 / 111. kalpasUtra - sthavirAvalI,, usameM majjhimiA - zAkhA kA ullekha hai| vaha madhyamikA- nagarI ke AdhAra para usa nAma se prasiddha huI / 68 1 citrakUTa kI sthApanA citrAMgada ne kI thI aisI kathA 'kumArapAlacaritrasaMgraha meM pRSTha 5 aura pRSTha 47-49 para AtI hai| yaha citrAMgada mauryavaMza kA thA, aisA nIce ke AdhAroM se nizcita kiyA jA sakatA hai 67 34 ka. zrI hIrAnaMda zAstrI - 5 / hanapakama java msamacIMdajaM dR jIpe vanasakavU jIMja DamUMta daka jIma 'natatavanadakapadaha jataMbaje matamImasaka ila DaMnatalaM kaladeMjala kanatapadaha jIma mapahIjI bamadajanatala jimata betapejae pR. 07, 'khyAtoM meM bhI citrAMgada kA maurya ke rUpa meM nirdeza milatA hai| saMkaro nAma bhaTo, tassa gaMgA nAma bhaTTiNI / tIse haribhaddo nAma paMDio putto / 69 For Personal & Private Use Only .

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vaha sthAna AkramaNa ke bhaya se rahita thA / madhyamikA kA vikAsa cittaur3a meM ho gayA / cAhe jo bhI ho, mUla bAta to yaha hai ki yadi brahmapurI kA saMketa yathArtha hai, to vaha cittaur3a athavA brAhmaNoM kI pradhAnatA vAlI madhyamikA koI kasbA, upanagara, athavA mohallA rahA hogaa| isa prakAra, haribhadra ke janmasthAna ke sandarbha meM adhika vivAda nahIM raha jAtA hai / haribhadra kA janma gaMgA (gaMgaNa) kI ratnakukSI se huaa| unake pitA kA nAma 1 zaMkara bhaTTa thA / haribhadra kA janma brAhmaNa - kula meM huA- isa bAta kI pramANikA unake pitA ke nAma ke pazcAt jur3e zabda 'bhaTTa' se bhI jJAta ho jAtI hai| deg cittaur3a ke adhipati jitAri nareza ke rAjya meM rAjapurohita kI padavI se suzobhita hone ke kAraNa janasamudAya meM unakI acchI-khAsI pratiSThA thI / " unhoMne sabhI caudaha vidyAoM ko to kaMThastha kiyA hI, sAtha hI apanI vilakSaNa prajJA dvArA veda aura purANoM ko bhI apanI jihvA ke agra bhAga para sthira kiyaa| kitane bhI kaThina zAstra - pravacana kyoM na hoM, ve pala bhara meM unheM hala kara dete the| unako apanI buddhi para nAja tathA garva thA, abhimAna thA ki unaseM mukAbalA karane vAlA yogya pAtra isa saMsAra meM dUsarA koI nahIM hai, isalie unheM 'bahuratnA vasundharA' vAlI ukti bhI avaijJAnika lgii| ve apane-Apa ko vidvat-ziromaNi mAnate the / pANDitya ke atizaya abhimAna ne unheM gumarAha kara diyA thA, isalie kahIM merA jJAna peTa phaTakara bAhara na A jAe isa bhrama se bhramita hokara ve peTa para svarNapaTa bAMdhate the| vaha jaba bhI ghara se bAhara nikalate, apane sAtha cAra vastueM lekara jAte the| ve vastueM nimnAMkita thIM I 4. jambU - vRkSa kI zAkhA / 1. kudAla 2. jAla 3. sIr3hI darponnata mAnasa se prerita hokara ve kudAla isalie rakhate the, tAki vivAda karane vAlA pratisparddhA kahIM bhUmi kI gaharAI meM chipa jAe, to use bAhara nikAlakara parAjita kiyA jA ske| jAla rakhane kA kAraNa yaha thA ki zAstrArtha meM pAraMgata vidvAn kahIM atala jalarAzi meM DubakI lagA rahA ho, to use jAla meM phaMsAkara bAhara nikAlA jA 70 evaM so paMDittagavvamuvvahamANo haribhaddo nAma mAhaNo / - pR. 5a. atitaralamatiH purohito'bhunnRpavidito haribhadranAmavittaH / / 71 - kahAvalI, patra- 300. dharmasaMgrahaNI kI prastAvanA se uddhRta, 35 * haribhadrasUricaritra, zRMDaga- 9, zloka 8. For Personal & Private Use Only

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36 ske| AkAza meM vicaraNa karane vAle paNDita ko parAsta karane ke uddezya se ve hara samaya apane pAsa sIr3hI rakhate the, tAki sIr3hI kI sahAyatA se usa paNDita ko nIce utArakara zAstra-carcA ke lie lalakAra skeN| jambU-vRkSa kI zAkhA rakhane kI vajaha yaha thI ki ve aisA mAnate the ki samagra jambUdvIpa meM una jaisA vidvAn koI nahIM hai| isa prakAra, haribhadra apane-Apako 'sarvajJa' samajhate the| unhoMne eka vicitra saMkalpa le rakhA thA- 'yadi kisI vyakti dvArA uccArita zloka, athavA kathana kA artha ThIka taraha se samajha na pAyA, to maiM turanta usake caraNa-kamaloM meM ziSyatva ke rUpa meM samarpita ho jaauuNgaa|' una dinoM yatra-tatra-sarvatra haribhadra ke pANDitya kA bolabAlA thaa| cittaur3a hI nahIM, pUre deza meM unake pANDitya kI. dhAka thii| bar3e-bar3e vidvAn unakA nAma sunate hI kAMpa jAte the| usa samaya unake hRdaya meM jainadharma ke prati bhI dveSabhAva thaa| tatsamaya ve jaba-jaba bhI jaina maMdiroM ke AsapAsa se gujarate, taba-taba bAra-bAra eka hI bAta doharAte- 'hastinA tADyamAnopi na gacchet jaina mNdirN| niraMkuza hAthI ke pAvoM tale kucalA jAnA svIkAra hai, lekina kisI bhI paristhiti meM jaina maMdira meM praveza karanA svIkAra nahIM hai| eka dina yaha bAta vAstavikatA meM badala gii| haribhadra apanI pAlakI meM baiThakara ThATa-bATa se janasamudAya ke sAtha kahIM jA rahe the, tabhI acAnaka eka niraMkuza hAthI pAgaloM kI bhAMti bhAgatA huA pAlakI kI ora bar3hane lagA, jise dekha jana-samudAya meM bhagadar3a maca gii| prANoM kI rakSA hetuM sabhI iMdhara-udhara bhAgane lge| haribhadra bhI apanI pAlakI se kUdakara jaise-taise jAna bacAkara nikaTavartI jaina maMdira meM ghusa ge| apane prANoM kI rakSA kI bAta mukhya hone se ve apane dvArA bAra-bAra kahI jAne vAlI vahI bAta bhUla gae ki 'hastinA tADyamAnopi na gacchet jaina maMdiraM / ' hAthI ke bhaya se ghabarA kara ve mandira meM praviSTa to hue, lekina vahAM bhI apane sammukha mandira meM pratiSThita pratimA ko dekhakara upahAsapUrvaka yaha kahane lage- "terI sthUlakAyA se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki tU 72 paribhavanamatirmahAvalepAt kSitisalilAmbakhAsinAM budhAnAm / avadAraNajAlakAdhirohaNyapi sa dadhau tritayaM jyaabhilaassii|| sphuTati jaTharamatrazAstrapUrAditi sa dadhAvudare suvarNapaTTam / mama samamatirasti naiva jambUkSitivalaye vahate latAM ca jambvAH / / - prabhAvaka caritra, pR. 62 For Personal & Private Use Only

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miSThAnnabhogI hai| isa prakAra, kaTTara dveSapUrNa dRSTi se ve jainadharma ke prati sarvathA upekSA-bhAva hI rakhate the| eka bAra rAjasabhA kA visarjana hone ke bAda ve rAjamArga se jA rahe the| mArga meM sthita jaina-upAzraya meM sAdhvI-samudAya kI pramukha 'yAkinI mahattarA' saMgrahaNI-gAthA kA uccasvarapUrvaka pATha kara rahI thiiN| cakki dugaM haripaNagaM paNagaMcakkINa kesavo ckkii| kesava cakkI kesava ducakkI kesava ckkiiyaa|| isa svaradhvani ne jaise hI haribhadra ke karNa ko sparza kiyA, vaise hI ve vicAramagna ho ge| mana-hI-mana cintana-manana cala rahA thaa| lAkha koziza ke uparAnta bhI ve 'cakkIdurga' kA artha na samajha ske| haribhadra ke ahaM para yaha pahalI karArI coTa thii| arthabodha kI tIvra utkaNThA ne unheM vicalita kara diyA aura unheM apane usa saMkalpa kA smaraNa ho gyaa| saMkalpa ke anusAra, unake ziSyatva ko svIkAra karane kI bhAvanA ko lekara haribhadra upAzraya meM upasthita hue| pahalI bAra vinamratApUrvaka karabaddha mudrA meM unhoMne yAkinI mahattarA se prArthanA kI- 'prasAdaM kRtvA asya artha kathayatu', arthAt kRpA karake mujhe isa zloka kA artha smjhaaie| mahattarAjI ne maMda evaM madhura svaroM meM kahA"yaha zAstrIya-pATha hai| ise guru-nirdeza ke binA samajhAyA nahIM jA sktaa|" sAdhvI mahattarA ke mArgadarzana se, 'prabhAvakacaritra -prabandha' ke anusAra, haribhadra paNDita AcArya jinabhadrasUri ke caraNoM meM upasthita hue| 'purAtana prabandha saMgraha' nAmaka granthoM ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki haribhadra ke guru jinabhadra the, lekina kathAvalI granthAnusAra haribhadrasUri jinadattaMsUri ke ziSya the| 73 prabhAvakacaritra, zloka 29. 74 Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 429. 15 (ka) jinabhaTamunirAjarAjavkalazobhavo..... svkiiym|| - prabhAvakacaritra, pR. 62. (kha) tatojinabhadrAcArya darzanam pratipattiH caaritrm| - prabandhakoza, pR. 24, paMkti 14. (ga) tatra zrI bRhadgacche zrI jinbhdrsuuryH.| - purAtana prabandhasaMgraha, pR. 103. For Personal & Private Use Only

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AcArya haribhadrasUri ne apanI kRtiyoM meM sthAna-sthAna para jinadattasUri kA nAma nirdiSTa kiyA / AvazyakavRtti meM ve likhate haiM "samAptA ceyaM ziSyahitA nAma AvazyakaTIkA, kRti sitAmbarAcArya jinabhaTTanigadAnusAriNo vidyAdharakulatilakAcAryajinadattaziSyayasya dhamato 38 yAkinImahattarA sUnoralpamaterAcArya haribhadrasya / " prastuta TIkA meM AcArya haribhadra ne guru jinadatta ke nAmollekha ke sAtha zvetAmbara - paramparA vidyAdharakula kA nAma nirdiSTa kiyA hai tathA apane ko jinadatta kA ziSya mAnA hai| ziSya ke dvArA jo nAma apane guru ko jJAta karavAyA jAtA hai, vaha adhika prAmANika tathA yathArthatA ke karIba hotA hai, ataH AcArya haribhadra kI racanAoM meM upalabdha nAma ke ullekha se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki unake dIkSAdAtA vidyAdharakula tilakAyamAn jinadattasUri the| jinabhaTTa athavA jinabhadra unake gacchasaMvAhaka ke rUpa meM sambhava ho sakate haiM / gurucaraNoM kI sannidhi meM pahuMcate hI vidvAn haribhadra ko pahalI bAra eka anUThI prasannatA kI anubhUti huI / guru- caraNoM meM natamastaka hokara unhoMne apane hRdaya kI tIvra jijJAsA ko zAnta karane kA upAya puuchaa| gurudeva kA kathana thA ki 'pUrvopara sandarbha sahita siddhAntoM ko samajhane ke lie zramaNa - jIvana ko svIkAra karanA anivArya hai| hRdaya meM panapa rahI artha-bodha prApta karane kI pIr3A ko zAnta karane hetu haribhadra ne muniveza dhAraNa karane ke lie turanta nirNaya le liyaa| ve guru ke kara-kamaloM se dIkSita hue aura sAtha hI yAkinI mahattarA ke usa zloka ke artha kA jJAna bhI prApta kiyA / haribhadra muni ne yAkinI mahattarA ke prati ahobhAva athavA kRtajJatA - bhAva prakaTa karate hue kahA- "maiM zAstra-vizArada hokara bhI mUrkha thA / sukRta ke saMyoga se nijakula-devatA ke samAna dharmamAtA yAkinI se bodha ko prApta huA huuN|" isa prakAra, svayaM ko yAkinI kA dharmaputra mAnakara unhoMne apanI kRtajJatA jJApita kii| jaina - zAsana ke lie mahAn dhuraMdhara AcArya ne upakArI AryA ko vizva ke samakSa cirasmaraNIya banA diyA, yahI unake hRdaya kI mahAnatA, vizAlatA kA pratyakSa pramANa hai / haribhadra ke atirikta anya AcAryoM ne bhI apanI-apanI racanAoM meM haribhadra ko 'yAkinI mahattarAsunU' kahakara sambodhita kiyA hai, jaise For Personal & Private Use Only

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'yAkinI mahattarA dharmaputratvena prakhyAtaH AcArya jinadatta ziSyo jinabhaTTAjJAvartI ca virahAGkabhUSitalalita-vistarAdigrantha sandarbha praNetA sarveSu praaciintmaaH| kRtiH sitAmbarAcArya haribhadrasya, dharmato yAkinI mhttraasuunoH|" upadeza meM bhI kahA hai jAiNimayahariAi raiA e e u dhmmputtenn| haribhaddAyarieNaM bhavaviraha icchamANeNaM / / - upadezapada isa prakAra, yAkinI mahattarA ajanmadAyinI jananI bnii| yaha sArA zreya siddhahasta AcArya haribhadra kA thaa| haribhadra muni ne municaryA kI nAnAvidha zikSAeM apane guru kI sAnnidhyatA se saMprApta kI aura nirdoSa saMyama-paripAlanA meM rata bana ge| AcArya haribhadra gRhasthAvasthA meM vaidika-darzana ke pAragAmI vidvAn to the hI, sAtha hI saMyama-grahaNa karate hI jainadarzana ke viziSTa vijJAtA bne| alpAvadhi meM apanI sarvatonmukhI pratibhA ke mAdhyama se ve AcArya-pada se alaMkRta ho ge| AcArya banate hI unhoMne bar3I kuzalatA se jina-zAsana kI bAgaDora sambhAla lii| eka dina AcArya haribhadra kI saMsArI-bhaginI ke putra haMsa aura paramahaMsa saMsAra se virakta hokara unake (apane mAmA) ke pAsa dIkSita hue| unhoMne apane ina donoM prajJAvaMta evaM priya ziSyoM ko jainAgamoM ke sAtha-sAtha pramANazAstra kA vizeSa jJAna pradAna kiyaa| haMsa aura paramahaMsa ne nyAya-darzana aura vaidika darzana kA adhyayana bhI kiyaa| isake pariNAmasvarUpa, una donoM ke mana meM vicAra AyA ki bauddhazAstroM kA jJAna prApta karane hetu kisI bauddha-Azrama meM jAkara bauddhAcAryoM ke pAsa adhyayana kiyA jaae| unhoMne apane guru ke samakSa yaha icchA prakaTa kii| haribhadrasUri jyotiSazAstra ke jJAtA the| unako haMsa aura paramahaMsa ke bhaviSya kI aniSTa ghaTanA kA saMketa mila gayA thaa| unhoMne una donoM priya ziSyoM ko bauddha-vidyApITha jAne ke lie sahamati nahIM dI, kintu guru ke Adeza kA ullaMghana kara, veza parivartita kara, ve bauddhAzrama meM praviSTa ho ge| sampUrNa chAtrAvAsa meM ye donoM mahAn pratibhAsampanna chAtra the| bauddhAcArya ke sAnnidhya meM ve donoM bauddha-pramANazAstra par3hate aura apane nivAsa para Akara jainadarzana se bauddhasUtroM kI tulanA karate tathA apane tarka-vitarka patroM para likhate rhte| 76 paM. kalyANavijayajI likhita dharmasaMgrahaNI kI prastAvanA, pR. 01. " paMcasUtravyAkhyA kI prazasti meM, pR. 30. 78 upadezapada kI prazasti meM. For Personal & Private Use Only

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eka bAra bauddhoM kI adhiSThAtrI devI tArA ne vAyu-vega dvArA patra ko ur3Akara lekhazAlA meM girA diyaa| usa patra ke prArambha meM 'namo jinAya' likhA huA thaa| bauddhAcArya usa patra ko dekhakara yaha samajha gae ki koI jaina chadma veza meM unake pAsa adhyayana kara rahA hai| bauddha-upAdhyAya ne eka yukti socii| parIkSA ke lie bhojanagRha ke dvAra para eka jina-pratimA banAkara unhoMne sabhI ziSyoM se kahA- "jinapratimA para paira rakhakara Age bar3ho, kyoMki bauddha-AcArya yaha bAta acchI taraha se jAnate the ki koI bhI jaina jinabimba para paira nahIM rakha sktaa| sabhI ziSya caraNa--nikSepa kara cala die, lekina haMsa aura paramahaMsa ke samakSa dharmasaMkaTa A gyaa| ve samajha gae ki yaha saba hamArI parIkSA ke lie kiyA jA rahA hai| ve jinapratimA para paira rakhakara naraka kI bhayaMkara vedanA ko bhugatanA bhI nahIM cAhate the| kahA bhI hai - 'narakaphalamidaM na kurvahe zrI jinptimuurddhnipaadyornivesh| 79 . gurudeva dvArA bAra-bAra niSedha karane ke bAvajUda bhI yaha kArya hamane kiyA, usI kA yaha pariNAma hai- isa bAta kA unako samyak prakAra se jJAna ho gyaa| unheM pazcAtApa ho rahA thA ki unhoMne apane gurudeva kI AjJA kI avahelanA kI hai| ve isa bAta se anabhijJa nahIM the ki jainadharma meM AjJA ko hI Agama kahA jAtA hai| AjJA ke mahatva kA mUlyAMkana karate hue svayaM haribhadrasUri ne paMcasUtra kI TIkA meM kahA hai- . AjJA Agama ucyte| AjJA hi mohaviSaparamamantra, jalaM dveSAdijvalanasya karmavyAdhi cikitsaashaastrN| kalpapAdapaH zivaphalasya, tdvndhysaadhktven|' AjJA Agama hai| AjJA mohaviSa-vinASaka parama mantra hai, dveSAdi agni ko zAnta karane meM jala hai, karmaroga kI cikitsA hai, mokSaphala dene meM kalpavRkSa hai| isI AjJA kI virAdhanA se AtmA meM doSoM kI vRddhi hotI hai, guNa dUra rahate haiM aura bhavAntara meM durgati hotI hai| 7deg prabhAvakacaritra, zloka 76. 80 ANA hi mohavisaparamaMto jalaM rosAijalaNassa kammavAhitigicchAsatthaM kappapAyavo sivphlss|| - rAjarAjendra svAdhyAya, paMcasUtra-2, pR. 134. " zrImadaharibhadrasari racitavyAsamalaMkRtaM cirntnaacaary| - paJcasUtram, pR. 9. . - prastuta pramANa AcArya haribhadrasUri ke dArzanika ciMtana kA vaiziSTya nAmaka pustaka ke prathama adhyAya se liyA gayA hai| pR. 77. For Personal & Private Use Only

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antastha sajaga banA aura donoM ne saMkalpa kiyA ki sarvaprathama vahAM jAte hI gurudevazrI ke caraNoM meM jhukakara apanI bhUla kA prAyazcitta kareMge, lekina usa samaya jo duvidhA unake sammukha thI, usake nivAraNa hetu unhoMne vicAra kiyaa| unhoMne brahmasUtra kI rekhA khIMcakara jinapratimA ke AkAra ko vikRta rUpa diyA aura bar3I kuzalatA se usa para pAMva rakhakara nikala ge| phira, donoM paThana-pAThana kI sAmagrI lekara vahAM se bhAga nikle| saMyogavaza, haMsa kI mArga meM hI mRtyu ho gaI aura paramahaMsa haribhadrasUri ke caraNoM meM Akara gira gayA tathA apanI pustaka-patrAdi gurudeva ko sauMpakara vaha bhI sadA ke lie ciranidrAdhIna ho gyaa| haMsa kI mRtyu mArga meM svataH hI huI, athavA kisI ke dvArA karavAI gaI- isa sambandha meM prAcIna granthoM meM mataikya nahIM hai| paramahaMsa ke vahAM pahuMcane ke sandarbha meM bhI matabheda haiN| prabandha-saMgraha ke anusAra, paramahaMsa haribhadrasUri se milakara nidrAdhIna ho gyaa| isa bIca kisI ne usakA sira dhar3a se alaga kara diyaa| prAtaH haribhadra ne yaha dekhA aura krodhita ho ge| 2 apane donoM priya ziSyoM kI akAla mRtyu se ve atyanta duHkhI aura udvigna ho gae aura bauddhoM ke prati unake mana meM pracaNDa krodha paidA ho gyaa| badalA lene kI adamya icchA ne unheM apratyAzita nirNaya para pahuMcA diyaa| mahArAjA surapAla kI adhyakSatA meM bauddhoM ke sAtha vAda-vivAda kI spardhA zuru huii| isa goSThI kI bhAvI pariNati atyanta khataranAka tathA hiMsAtmaka thii| goSThI meM parAsta hone vAle dala ko ubalate hue tela ke kuNDa meM kUdane kI pratijJA ke sAtha hI spardhA prArambha huii|93 haribhadra ne syAdvAda ke abhedya kavaca kA Azraya lekara bauddha-siddhAMtoM ko dharAzAyI kara diyaa| aba parAsta hue pAMca sau bauddhoM ko khaulate hue tela ke kuNDa meM DAle jAne kI bArI aaii| tatpazcAt kyA sthiti banI, isa sambandha meM mataikya nahIM haiN| isa sandarbha meM alaga-alaga mAnyatAeM prAcIna granthoM meM milatI haiN| 82 prAtaH zrIharibhadrasUribhiH ziSya-kabandho duSTakopaH - prabandhakoza, pR. 25. 88 likhitaM vaca idaM paNe jito yaH sa vizatu tptvrisstttailkunndde| - prabhAvakacaritra, zloka- 150. " samagataM ca tathaiva paJcaSAste nidhanamavApuranena nirjitaashc| - prabhAvakacaritra, zloka- 168 For Personal & Private Use Only

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1. prabhAvakacAritrAnusAra apane priya ziSyoM kI mRtyu se krodhita hokara haribhadrasUri ne mahAmantra ke prabhAva se bhikSuoM ko AkarSita kara AkAza mArga se lA- lAkara garma tela ke kuNDa meM DAla diyA 185 2. purAtana prabandhasaMgraha ke anusAra bauddha bhikSuoM ke prati bhayAnaka krodha paidA hone para haribhadrasUri ne upAzraya ke pIche garma tela se bharA eka bahuta bar3A pAtra taiyAra karavAyA aura mantra se AkRSTa aneka bauddha bhikSu gagana-mArga se Akara usa tela ke pAtra meM girakara aura jalakara bhasma ho ge| -- prastuta hiMsA kI sUcanA unake guru AcArya jinadattasUri ko milii| unhoMne kopAtura haribhadra ko upadeza dene hetu do zramaNoM dvArA kucha gAthAeM bhijvaaiiN| ve gAthAeM isa prakAra haiM 86 samarAditya ke navabhavoM kA mAtra nAma - nirdeza ina tIna gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai aura anta meM kahA gayA hai ki eka kA mokSa huA tathA dUsare kA hiMsaka - vRtti ke kAraNa ananta bhavabhramaNa bar3ha gyaa| gurudeva dvArA preSita ina gAthAoM se haribhadra gahana cintana meM DUba ge| jisa prakAra mUsalAdhAra barasAta ke Ane para dAvAnala zAnta ho jAtA hai, vaise hI ina gAthAoM ke prabhAva se AcArya kA tapta hRdaya zAnta huaa| unhoMne hiMsAtmaka kriyAeM samApta kara diiN| hiMsAjanaka pApavRtti ke prAyazcittasvarUpa unhoMne yaha bhISma pratijJA kI - maiM eka hajAra cAra sau caMvAlIsa granthoM kI racanA karake Atmazuddhi karUMgA / una granthoM meM sarvaprathama racanA 'samarAicca' ko kahA hai, jo prAkRta bhASA meM racita hai| 85 iha kila kathayanti keciditthaM gurutaramantra jApa prabhAvato'tra / sugatamata budhAn vikRSya tapte nanu haribhadravibhurjuhAvataile / / - prabhAvakacaritra, zloka - 180 purAtana prabandha-saMgraha se uddhRta, zloka - 230, pR. 105. prabhAvakacaritra, zloka - 185 se 187. 87 42 guNasena - aggisammA sIhAnaMdA ya taha piaaputtaa| sihi - jAliNI mAi, suA dhaNa dhaNasirimoya paibhajjA / / jaya-vijayAya sahoara dharaNolacchI a taha paIbhajjA / seNa - viseNA pittiyaM uttA jammammi sattama / / guNacanda - vANamantara samarAicca giriseNa pANo a / egassa tao mokkho'Nanto annarasa saMsAra / / 87 For Personal & Private Use Only

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kahA jAtA hai ki ziSyoM kI viraha-vedanA kama na hone ke kAraNa unhoMne pratyeka grantha ke anta meM 'viraha' zabda ko jor3A hai|98 . isakA dUsarA kAraNa yaha bhI mAnA jAtA hai ki haribhadra kA eka nAma 'bhavavirahasUri' thA, arthAt jo bhava-viraha kA icchuka ho| unake dvArA prastuta 'bhavaviraha' zabda ke pIche nimna tIna prasaMga mAne jAte haiM1. dharma-svIkAra kA prsNg| 2. ziSyoM ke viyoga kA prsNg| 3. yAcakoM ko die jAne vAle aashiirvaadruup|92 __Apane eka nirdhana kArpAsika vyApArI ko 'dhUrtAkhyAna' zravaNa karavAkara jaina dharmAvalambI bnaayaa| vyApAra-vRddhi bar3hatI gaI aura usa vyApArI ne usI dhana se AcAryazrI ke grantha kI pratilipiyAM banavAkara sAdhu-samudAya ko bheMTa kii| ApazrI hI kI preraNA se eka hI sthAna para caurAsI bar3e jina-mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| asta-vyasta ho cuke 'mahAnizIthasUtra' ko Apake dvArA vyavasthita kiyA jAkara pustakArUr3ha karavAyA gyaa| haribhadra ne mevAr3a meM poravAla vaMza kI sthApanA karake unheM jaina-paramparA meM sammilita kiyA- aisI anuzruti jJAtiyoM kA itihAsa likhane vAloM se milii|94 prazaMsA kI priyatA se sadA virakta bane AcArya haribhadrasUri kA jIvana viziSTa vyaktitva ke rUpa meM vizva meM vizruta hai| unakA sampUrNa vyaktitva unakI kRtiyoM meM 88 (ka) atizayahRdayAbhirAmaziSyadvayavirahormibhareNa taptadehaH / nijakRtimihaM saMvyadhAt samastAM virahapadena yutAM satAM sa mukhyaH / / 206 / / - prabhAvakacaritra, pR. 74. (kha) paM kalyANavijayajI ne 'dharmasaMgrahaNI' kI prastAvanA (pa. 19 se lekara 21 taka ) meM jina-granthoM kI prazastiyoM meM 'viraha' zabda AtA hai, ve saba kRtiyAM uddhata haiN| una granthoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- aSTaka, dharmabiMdu, lalitavistarA, paMcavastuTIkA, zAstravArtAsamuccaya, paMcAzaka yogadRSTisamuccaya, SoDazaka, anekAMtajayapatAkA, yogabiMdu, saMsAradAvAnalastuti, dharmasaMgrahaNI, upadezapada aura smbodhprkrnn| 89 isake atirikta 'kahAvalI' ke kartA bhadrezvara ne to unake 'bhavavirahasUri' nAma kA nirdeza __ prabandha meM aneka bAra kiyA hai| 90 "haribhaddo bhaNai bhayavaM piu me bhvvirho|" - kahAvalI,, patra 300. 91 prabhAvakacaritra, zrRMga- 9, zloka 206. 92 'ciraM jIvauM bhavavirahasUritti' - kahAvalI,, patra 301. 93 ciralikhitavizIrNavarNabhagnapravivarapatrasamUhapustakastham / kazalamatirihoddadhAra jainopaniSadika sa mhaanishiithshaastrm|| - prabhAvakacaritra, zloka 185 se 187, pR. 75. 94 paNDita zrIkalyANavijayajI 'dharmasaMgrahaNI' prastAvanA, pR. 07. For Personal & Private Use Only

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44 prakAzita hai aura usI ke AdhAra para unakI paropakAra-parAyaNatA, namratA, nirabhimAnitA, dArzanikatA, samanvayavAditA, udAratA aura bhavavirahatA Adi guNoM ko jAnA jA sakatA hai| sAhitya-racanA meM vizeSa ruci hone se unhoMne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI thii| sAhitya-racanA ke lie unheM lalliga nAma ke zrAvaka ne sahayoga diyA thaa| vaha rAtri ke samaya haribhadra ke upAzraya meM maNi rakha diyA karatA thA, usa maNi kI rozanI meM haribhadrasUri apanA lekhana kArya karate the|95 isa prakAra, jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA karate-karate adhyAtma-sAdhanA meM tallIna banakara haribhadrasUri ne anazana-vrata grahaNa kiyA aura ucca bhAvoM ke sAtha trayodazI ke dina svarga sidhAra ge| haribhadrasUri ne apane granthoM meM jinabhadragaNi ke granthagata avataraNoM kA upayoga kiyA, ataH yaha unake uttaravartI haiN| haribhadra ke samaya kA prazna vivAdAspada hai, parantu jinavijaya ne apane tadviSayaka nibandha meM unakA jIvanakAla prAyaH vikrama saMvat 757 se 827 taka mAnA hai|" Adhunika vidvAnoM ne bhI isI samaya ko nirvivAda rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai, jabaki prAcIna paramparA ke anusAra unakA samaya vikrama kI chaThavIM zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai| TIkAkAra haribhadra kA sAhityika-avadAna - vidvAnoM ke anusAra, IsA kI AThavIM zatI meM bahuAyAmI pratibhA ke dhanI aura aneka granthoM ke racayitA AcArya haribhadrasUri hue| AcArya haribhadra ne svayaM to AdhyAtmika-jJAnagaMgA meM DubakI lagAI hI, sAtha-hI-sAtha samagra jana-samudAya meM bhI, zAstrIya-jJAna ke Aloka se viveka jAgrata ho- aisA prayatna bhI kiyaa| isa hetu unhoMne adhyAtma-pradhAna aneka granthoM kI racanA bhI kii| 95 samappiyaM ca sUriNo lalligeNa puvvAgayarayaNANaM majjhAo jccrynnN| tadujjoeNa ya rayaNIe vi dappei sUrimivi paTThayAi sugNthe|| - kahAvalI 96 anazanamanaghaM vidhAya niryAmakavaravismRtahArdabhUribAdhaH / tridazavana iva sthitaH samAdhau tridivamasau smvaapdaayurnte|| - prabhAvakacaritra, pR. 75. 7 jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka - varSa 1, aMka 1, yaha nibandha san 1919 meM akhila bhAratIya prAcyavidyA pariSada meM AcArya zrI jinavijaya ne par3hA thaa| 98 jayasundaravijaya likhita zAstravArtAsamuccaya kI prastAvanA meM, pR. 9. 99 (ka) jainadharma ke prabhAvaka AcArya kitAba se uddhRta, pR. 478. (kha) jainajagat ke jyotirdhara AcArya kitAba se uddhRta, pR. 123. For Personal & Private Use Only

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ApakI kRtiyAM jinazAsana kA anupama vaibhava haiN| ApakI lekhanI vividha viSayoM para clii| Agamika-kSetra meM Apa sarvaprathama TIkAkAra the| Apane aneka granthoM kI racanA kii| paramparA ke anusAra Apane eka hajAra cAra sau caMvAlIsa granthoM kI racanA kI thI, lekina isa viSaya meM matabheda haiN| kucha loga eka hajAra cAra sau granthoM kI racanA karanA svIkAra karate haiM, to kucha loga unheM eka hajAra cAra sau cAlIsa granthoM kA racanAkAra mAnate haiM, jabaki paramparA unheM eka hajAra cAra sau caMvAlIsa granthoM kA racanAkAra mAnatI hai| zrImad abhayadevasUri paJcAzaka kI TIkA meM unake eka hajAra cAra sau prakaraNa batAe gae haiN|100 zrImad municandrasUri ne bhI upadezapada kI TIkA meM eka hajAra cAra sau granthoM kI racanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| isI prakAra, vAdidevasUri ne 'syAdvAda ratnAkara' meM, muniratnasUri ne 'amamasvAmi-caritra meM' evaM pradyumnasUri ne 'samarAditya saMkSepa' meM bhI eka hajAra cAra sau prakaraNoM kI racanA kA ullekha kiyA hai|101 isI krama se, munidevasUri ne 'zAntinAthacaritra' mahAkAvya meM102 aura guNaratnasUri ne 'tarkarahasyadIpikA' nAmaka SaDdarzana-samuccaya kI bRhat TIkA meM aura isI kar3I meM, kulamaNDanasUri ne vicArAmRtasaMgraha meM bhI eka hajAra cAra sau cavAlIsa granthoM kI racanA kA hI ullekha kiyA hai, jabaki rAjazekharasUri ne prabandhakoza meM eka hajAra cAra sau cAlIsa prakaraNa batAkara dvitIya mata kA samarthana kiyA hai,103 kintu ratnazekharasUri ne 'zrAddhapratikramaNArthadIpikAravya' nAmaka TIkA meM inake dvArA eka hajAra cAra sau caMvAlIsa granthoM kI racanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| isI krama meM, 'acalagacchIya paTTAvalI' meM tathA vijayalakSmIkRta 'sUrirupadezaprasAda' ke tRtIya stambha meM bhI saMkhyA eka hajAra cAra sau caMvAlIsa hI batAI hai|104 phira bhI, ye matabheda bahuta mahattvapUrNa nahIM haiN| vartamAna meM AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA viracita nimna grantha upalabdha haiM1. anuyogadvArasUtravRtti 2. anekAntajayapatAkA (svopajJaTIkAsahita) 100 paMcAzakaTIkA, pR. 486. 101 paNDita kalyANavijayajI likhita 'dharmasaMgrahaNI kI prastAvanA meM, pR. 07. 102 SaDdarzanIyasamuccaya tarka rahasya bRhaTTIkA, pR. 01. prabandhakoza, pR. 25. 10 paNDita kalyANavijayajI likhita 'dharmasaMgrahaNI' kI prastAvanA meM, pR. 07. For Personal & Private Use Only

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3. anekAntapraghaTTa 4. anekAntavAdapraveza 5. aSTaka 6. Avazyakaniyukti laghuTIkA 7. Avazyakaniyukti bRhaTTIkA 8. upadezapada 9. kathAkoza 10. karmastavavRtti 11. kulaka 12. kSetrasamAsavRtti 13. caturvizaMtistuti saTIka 14. caityavandanabhASya 15. caityavandanavRtti lalita vistAra 16. jIvAbhigama laghuvRtti 17. jJAnapaMcakavivaraNa 18. jJAnAdityaprakaraNa 19. dazavaikAlika avacUri 20. dazavaikAlika bRhaTTIkA 21. devendranarakendraprakaraNa 22. dvijavadana capeTA (vedAMkuza) 23. dharmabindu 24. dharmalAbhasiddhi 25. dharmasaMgrahaNI 26. dharmasAramUla TIkA 27.dhUrtAkhyAna 28. nandIvRtti 29. nyAyapravezasUtravRtti 30. nyAyavinizcaya For Personal & Private Use Only

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47 31. nyAyAmRtataraMgiNI 32. nyAyAvatAravRtti 33. paMcanirgranthI 34. paMcaliGgI 35. paMcavastu saTIkA 36. paMcasaMgraha 37. paMcasUtravRtti 38. paMcasthAnaka 39. paMcAzaka 40. paralokasiddhi 41. piNDaniyuktivRtti (apUrNa) 42. prajJApanApradezavyAkhyA 43. pratiSThAkalpa 44. bRhanmithyAtvamaMthana 45. munipaticaritra 46. yatidinakRtya 47. yazodharacaritra 48. yogadRSTisamuccaya 49. yogabindu 50. yogazataka 51. lagnazuddhi (lagnakuNDalI) 52. lokatattvanirNaya 53. lokabindu 54. viMzati (viMzativiMzikA) 55. vIrastava 56. vIrAMgadakathA 57. vedabAhyatAnirAkaraNa 58. vyavahArakalpa For Personal & Private Use Only

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59. zAstravArtAsamuccaya saTIkA 60. zrAvakaprajJaptivRtti 61. zrAvakadharmatantra 62. SaDdarzanasamuccaya 63. SoDazaka 64. saMkita pacAsI 65. saMgrahaNIvRtti 66. saMpaMcAsittarI 67. saMbodhasittarI 68. saMbodhaprakaraNa 69. saMsAradAvAstuti 70. AtmAnuzAsana 71. samarAiccakahA 72. sarvajJasiddhiprakaraNa saTIkA 73. syaadvaadkucodyprihaar|105 uparyukta granthoM kI sUcI ke antargata kucha granthoM meM aneka grantha bhI samAhita mAne jA sakate haiM, jaise- 'paMcAzaka' meM paMcAzaka nAma se unnIsa grantha samAviSTa haiN| aise hI, solaha-solaha zlokoM ke SoDazaka solaha, bIsa zlokoM kI viMzikAoM meM bIsa grantha samAhita haiN| isa prakAra, AcArya haribhadrasUri kI grantha-saMkhyA meM aura bhI vRddhi ho jAtI haribhadrasUri dvArA praNIta aneka pramukha granthoM kA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra haiTIkA-grantha - AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, nandI aura anuyogadvAra Adi AgamoM para TIkA kA lekhana-kArya huaa| unakI eka apUrNa racanA piNDaniyukti kI TIkA ko vIrAcArya ne pUrNa kiyaa| anekAneka viSayoM ko pratipAdita karatI huI prastuta TIkAeM vizeSa rUpa se zAstrIya-jJAna kI vRddhi meM 105 jainadarzana, anuvAdaka- paNDita becaradAsa, prastAvanA, pR. 45-51. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sahAyaka banatI haiN| AgamoM ke bhAvI TIkAkAroM ke lie haribhadra kI ye TIkAeM AdhArastambha tathA mArgadarzaka rahI haiN| 1. Avazyaka-TIkA - prastuta TIkA kI racanA Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthAoM ko AdhAra banAkara kI gaI hai| niyukti-gAthAoM kA vistAra avazya hai, kintu AvazyakacUrNi kA anusaraNa nahIM hai| isa TIkA ke antargata sAmAyikAdi padoM kA savistAra vivecana hai aura isalie vistAra se samajhane vAle jijJAsuoM ke lie yaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| TIkAkAra ne TIkA kI pUrNAhuti ke prasaMga meM jinabhaTTa, jinadatta, yAkinI-mahattarA Adi kA varNana karate hue apane-Apa ko maMdabuddhivAlA kahakara paricaya diyA hai| yaha TIkA bAIsa hajAra zloka-parimANa vAlI hai|106 2. dazavaikAlika-TIkA - prastuta TIkA bhI dazavaikAlikaniyukti kI gAthAoM ke AdhAra para racI gaI hai| isakA nAma 'ziSyabodhinIvRtti' hai|107 ise bRhavRtti ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra ke adhyayana meM svAdhyAyakAla kI bAdhyatA nahIM hai, ataH vaha vaikAlika hai| cUMki isa sUtra meM dasa adhyAya haiM, isalie isakA nAma dazavaikAlika hai| isa vRtti kI racanA kA lakSya paribhASita karane ke bAda haribhadra ne dazavaikAlika ke kartA zayyaMbhava AcArya ke sampUrNa jIvana-prasaMga kA varNana kiyA, tatpazcAt isake antargata nirjarA ke bAraha bhedoM kA sAMgopAMga vivecana hai, sAtha hI jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vIryAcAra kI bahuta hI sUkSma vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isameM aThAraha sahasra zIlAMgoM kA varNana, zramaNadharma kI durlabhatA, bhASA-viveka, vrataSaTka, kAyaSaTka Adi aThAraha pApasthAnoM, praNidhi-samAdhi ke cAroM prakAra aura bhikSu ke svarUpa para paryApta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| isa prakAra, dasa adhyayanoM kI viSaya-vastu ko suspaSTa karane ke bAda cUlikAoM kA AkhyAna karate hue TIkAkAra ne yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki dharma ke rati-aratijanaka kAraNa vividhacaryA Adi viSaya kA spaSTIkaraNa 106 dvAviMzati sahasrANi, pratyekAkSaragaNanayA (sNkhyaa)| anuSTupchandasA mAnamasyA uddezataH kRtam / / - uttarabhAga (uttarArddha), jaina-pustaka pracAraka saMsthA, sUryapura, pR. 865. 107 (ka) devacandra lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra, bambaI, san 1918. (kha) samayasundarakRta TIkAsahita bhImasI mANeka, bambaI, san 1900. For Personal & Private Use Only

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jisa prakAra sUtrakAra tathA niyuktikAra ne kiyA, usI prakAra maiM bhI ina viSayoM kA mAtra sAdhAraNa rUpa se spaSTIkaraNa karatA huuN| vRtti ke anta meM nimna zloka varNita hai108_ mahattarAyA yAkinyA dhrmputrenncintitaa| AcAryaharibhadreNa TIkeyaM shissybodhinii||1|| dazavaikAlike TIkA vidhAya yatpuNyamarjitaM ten| mAtsaryaduHkhavirahAdguNAnurAgI bhavatu lokaH / / 2 / / - prazastizloka 3. jIvAbhigama - jIvAbhigama-TIkA mUla jIvAbhigamasUtra ke AdhAra para nirmita hai| isameM jIvAdi tattvoM kA vivecana hai| tattvajJAna abhilASiyoM ke lie yaha TIkA vizeSa upayogI hai| yaha jIvAbhigamasUtra para laghuvRtti hai| 4. prajJApanApradeza-vyAkhyA - prajJApanAsUtra ke padoM para AdhArita prastuta prajJApanA-TIkA saMkSipta aura sarala hai|09 isa TIkA ke prArambha meM pravacana kI mahimA batAte hue kahA gayA hai rAgAdivadhyapaTahaH suraloka seturAnandaduMdubhirasatkRtivaMcitAnAm / saMsAracArakapalAyanaphAlaghaMTA jainaMvacanastadiha ko na bhajeta vidvaan|| maMgala ke vizeSa vivecana ke lie AvazyakaTIkA kA nAmollekha kiyA gayA hai| 10 isI sandarbha meM bhavya tathA abhavya kA varNana karate hue AcArya ne vAdimukhyakRta abhavyasvabhAvasUcaka zloka bhI uddhRta kie haiN|'' isameM prajJApanAsUtra kI vividha viSayavastu para bharapUra prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yaha TIkA sarala-saTIka hai aura isameM viSayoM kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sAdhAraNa buddhivAle janasamudAya ko jIva-ajIva se sambandhita aneka siddhAntoM kA jJAna sahaja hI prApta ho jAe, isalie yaha TIkA likhI 108 (ka) RSabhadevajI kezarImalajI zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, san 1928, pR. 286. (kha) dazavaikAlika haribhadravRtti - prazastizloka. 109 (ka) pUrvabhAga - RSabhadevajI kezarImalajI zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, san 1947 (kha) uttarabhAga - jaina-pustaka pracAraka saMsthA, sUryapura, san 1949. 110 (ka) pUrvabhAga - RSabhadevajI kezarImalajI zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, san 1947. __ (kha) uttarabhAga - jaina-pustaka pracAraka saMsthA, sUryapura, san 1949. 11 saddharmabIjavapanAnaghakauzalasya yallokabAndhava tvaapirivlaanybhuuvn| tannAdbhutaM khagakuloSviha tAmaseSu sUryAMzavo madhukarIcaraNAvadAtAH / / - vahI, pR. 04. For Personal & Private Use Only

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gaI hai| aSTama pada meM saMjJAoM ke svarUpa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jo manovaijJAnika-dRSTi se bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| gyArahaveM pada ke AdhAra para isameM strI, puruSa, naMpusaka ke svabhAvagata lakSaNoM ko batAyA gayA hai| 5. nandIvRtti - nandITIkA kI racanA naMdIcUrNi ke AdhAra para huI hai|12 isameM prAyaH unhIM viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jo nandIcUrNi ke antargata Ate haiN| nandITIkA kI zloka saMkhyA do hajAra tIna sau chattIsa hai| maMgalAcaraNa ke pazcAt tIrthakarAvalikA, gaNadharAvalikA aura sthavirAvalikA kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isameM jJAna ke adhyayana kI yogyatA-ayogyatA kA aura phala-prakriyA kA vicAra karate hue vRttikAra ne kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana kI paricarcA karate hue jJAna ke sabhI pakSoM para prakAza DAlA hai| 6. anuyogadvAravRtti - yaha anuyogavRtti anuyogacUrNi kI zailI para likhI gaI hai| isa anuyogavRtti ko 'ziSyahitA' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| isakI racanA ke pahale nandIvRtti kA varNana huaa| maMgala Adi viSayoM kA pratipAdana nandIvRtti meM ho jAne ke kAraNa isameM isakA varNana nahIM kiyA gayA- aisA TIkAkAra kA ullekha hai| pramANa Adi ko samajhane kI dRSTi se aMguloM kA svarUpa, pratyakSa-anumAna, Agama kI vyAkhyA, jJAnanaya aura kriyAnaya Adi kA varNana isa anuyogavRtti ke mahattvapUrNa viSaya ina Agamika-TIkAoM ke atirikta haribhadra ne aneka svatantra granthoM kI racanA bhI kI hai| unameM se kucha pramukha grantha nimnAMkita haiM zAstravArtA-samuccaya - AcArya haribhadra ne aneka dArzanika-granthoM kI bhI racanA kI hai, jisameM 'zAstravArtAsamuccaya' unakI eka anUThI dArzanika kRti hai| 12 cUrNi aura vRtti ke mUla sUtrapATha meM kahIM-kahIM thor3A-sA antara hai| paDhametya iMdabhUtI, bIe puNa hoti aggibhUtitti (cUrNi) paDhamettha iMdabhUI bIo puNa hoi aggibhUitti (vRtti) - kramazaH, pR. 6 aura 13. For Personal & Private Use Only

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isa grantha meM Astika evaM nAstika- donoM hI darzanoM kI mAnyatAoM kA nirUpaNa vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha ke antargata na kevala jaina- darzanoM ke viSayoM para hI prakAza DAlA gayA hai, apitu jainetara sampradAyoM aura darzanoM ke varNita viSayoM kA saMkalana bhI kiyA gayA hai, sAtha hI yathAsambhava tArkika AdhAra para unake sabhI pakSoM kA vistAra se prastutikaraNa karake atyanta niSpakSa bhAva se unakI samIkSA bhI kI gaI hai| isake ATha prakaraNa haiM aura yaha sAta sau zloka - parimANa vAlA hai / yaha saMskRta bhASA meM likhA gayA hai| isameM sabhI darzanoM kA vivecana karake jJAnayoga kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai, sAtha hI jJAnayoga kA phala batAkara dhyAnAtmaka - tapa ko hI paramayoga kahA gayA hai| AcAryazrI ne isa choTe-se grantha kI kArikAoM meM itanI vistRta jJAnarAzi saMcita karake gAgara meM sAgara bharane jaisA mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA hai| darzanoM kA adhyayana karane vAloM ke lie prastuta grantha atyanta upAdeya hai| dharma-saMgrahaNI isa grantha meM pAMca prakAra ke jJAnoM kA vivecana hai tathA cArvAka - darzana kA yukti purassara nirasaNa hai / prastuta grantha meM sarvaprathama dharma zabda kI vyutpatti batAkara AtmA ke prazasta lakSya kI carcA kI gaI hai| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki jo durgati meM jAne se roke tathA mokSamArga meM Age bar3hAe, vahI dharma hai| dhArei duggatIe paDaMtamappANagaM jato teNaM / 113 dhammotti sivagaitIi va satataM dhAraNAsamakkhAo / / ' isa grantha kI mUla gAthAeM eka hajAra tIna sau chiyAnave aura TIkAgrantha dasa hajAra zloka - parimANa haiM / isake do bhAga haiN| isameM prathama bhAga meM pAMca sau paiMtAlIsa gAthAeM aura dvitIya bhAga meM ATha sau ikyAvana gAthAeM haiN| 52 SaDdarzana-samuccaya prastuta kRti AcArya haribhadrasUri kI eka alaukika kRti hai| isa grantha ke antargata bhArata ke chaH pramukha darzanoM kA varNana hai, sAtha hI unake dvArA 113 dharmasaMgrahaNI - prathama bhAga, gAthA- 20. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sammata siddhAntoM ko bhI prAmANika rUpa se vivecita kiyA gayA hai| nAstika-pakSa ko bhI Astika - pakSa meM parivartita kara unhoMne hRdaya kI vizAlatA aura taTasthatA kA paricaya diyA hai| anekAnta-jayapatAkA evaM anekAnta - praveza anekAnta - dRSTi ko spaSTa karane vAle granthoM meM anekAnta-praveza atyanta mahattvapUrNa evaM gambhIra kRtiyAM haiN| haribhadra ke uttaravartI sabhI vidvAnoM ne apanI-apanI racanAoM meM anekAnta-jayapatAkA kA ullekha karake AcArya haribhadra kI kRti ko cirasmaraNIya banA diyaa| inameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki anekAntavAda jainadarzana kA maulika siddhAnta hai aura isameM sabhI darzanoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / 114. 2. nyAyapraveza- vRtti sabhI bhAratIya-darzanoM meM zrutajJAna kA mahattva ha kyoMki jJAnacakSu se hI vyakti hita-ahita, sanmArga-unmArga, utthAna-patana, anugAmI - purogAmI tathA heya - jJeya kA jJAna kara sakatA hai| isa vRtti ke mAdhyama se AcArya haribhadra ne sva-parakalyANa hetu kucha mArgadarzaka sUtra prastuta kie haiM, jisake kAraNa ve janamAnasa ke hRdaya meM aMkita ho ge| yaha vRtti bauddhagrantha 'nyAyapravezasUtram' para AdhArita hai, jisake mUla praNetA AcArya diGnAga haiN| isameM nyAya ke padArthoM kA viveMcana hai| isa grantha para anya jainAcAryoM kI vRttiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM1. dhanezvarasUri ke vidvAn ziSya paNDita pArzvadevagaNa ne isa para 'nyAyapravezavRttipaJjikA' likhI hai| bhuvanabhAnusUrijI likhita 'nyAyabhUmikA' bhI nyAya meM praveza karane hetu sarala bhASA meM subodhaka hai| - lalita-vistarA yaha eka viziSTa evaM ucca koTi kA bhaktimaya dArzanika - gra - - 114 anekAntajayapatAkA, pR. 06. 53 bhagavAn mahAvIra kI anekAnta - jayapatAkA aura For Personal & Private Use Only prastuta grantha AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA viracita hai| - grantha hai| isameM caityavandanarUpa

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bhaktimaya anuSThAna ke praNipAtasUtra, daNDakasUtra, nAmastava, zrutastava, siddhastava ityAdi mUla pAThoM kI TIkA hai| yaha eka hajAra pAMca so paiMtAlIsa zloka - parimANa hai / isake atirikta, AcArya haribhadra ne caritakAvya bhI likhe haiM, inameM 'munipaticaritra' tathA 'yazodharAcaritra' prasiddha haiN| inameM haribhadra ne lokamaMgala ke svarUpa ko prakAzita kiyA hai| eka kathAkAra ke rUpa meM kathA - granthoM ke praNetA banakara haribhadra kathAoM ke saMgrahakAra ke rUpa meM upasthita hue haiN| unhoMne 'vIraGgadakathA' aura 'samarAiccakahA' jaise kathA - granthoM kI racanA bhI kI hai| inake atirikta, vidhi-vidhAna ke kSetra meM 'pratiSThAkalpa' kA racanAkAra bhI haribhadra ko hI mAnA jAtA hai| isI prakAra, khagola- bhUgola ke kSetra meM Apane 'jambUdvIpaprajJaptiTIkA' likhI hai| isI krama se AcArya haribhadrasUri ne oghaniyuktivRtti tathA piNDaniryuktivRtti likhakara jaina - AcAra ko spaSTa kiyA hai| 'dharmalAbhasiddhi' grantha meM zramaNoM evaM muniyoM dvArA pradatta AzIrvAda kA svarUpa samajhAyA gayA hai| paraloka-sambandhI bhrAntiyoM se bhramita logoM ko bhrama - rahita banAne meM prastuta grantha 'paraloka siddhi' nAmaka mahattvapUrNa grantha likhA hai / isI krama meM zrAvakadharma kA bodha dene hetu Apane zrAvakaprajJapti, zrAvakadharmatantra jaise granthoM kI racanA kara zrAvadharma kI maryAdA ko spaSTa kiyA hai / ratnatraya ke vAstavika svarUpa kA jJAna karAne hetu Apane 'saMbodha-prakaraNa', 'samyaktva - saptatikA', 'dhUrttAkhyAna' Adi granthoM kA sRjana kiyA / isa prakAra, AcArya haribhadrasUri ne agAdha jJAna - ra na - rAzi ko vizva ke samakSa prastuta kiyaa| unake granthoM meM koI bhI viSaya achUtA nahIM rahA / nirSvaSataH, itanA hI kahanA ucita hogA ki AcArya haribhadrasUri eka samanvaya dRSTi ke purodhA the / jaina - darzana evaM anya darzanoM ke kSetra meM unakA yogadAna mahattvapUrNa hai| nimnAMkita paMktiyAM unakI udAra dRSTi ko ujAgara karatI haiM na me pakSapAto vIre, na dveSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimad vacanaM yassa, tasya kArya parigrahaH / / 115 prastuta paMktiyAM unakI samanvayazIlatA evaM samarasatA ko prakaTa karatI haiN| 115 lokatattva nirNaya, zloka 1 / 38. 54 For Personal & Private Use Only

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haribhadra ke dhyAna aura yoga-sambandhI grantha - mahApuruSoM ke jIvana meM kucha aisI vizeSatAeM hotI haiM, jo jana-mAnasa ko abhinava preraNA aura Aloka pradAna karatI haiN| unakA jIvana jana-jana ke lie eka AdarzarUpa hotA hai| mahAmanISI, jJAna, dhyAna aura yoga kI jyoti ko sarvatra phailAne vAle AcArya haribhadra bhI isI koTi ke mahApuruSa the| aneka sAdhakoM ne yoga kI sAdhanA ko vizva ke samakSa prakAzita kiyA hai, lekina AcArya haribhadrasUri kI yoga-sAdhanA kI kRtiyAM apane-Apa meM vizva ko anUThI dena haiN| jisa taraha se haribhadra ne TIkA-sAhitya ko nirmita kara apanI nirmala, pavitra medhA kA paricaya diyA hai, usI taraha yoga para bhI vyApaka dRSTi se cintana-manana kiyA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne yoga-sAhitya aura yoga-paramparA meM kauna-kaunasI vizeSatAeM pradAna kI haiM, unakA yathArtha svarUpa unake yoga-viSayaka granthoM meM dekhane ko milatA hai| unhoMne sampUrNa yogasAdhanA kI paddhati ko svayaM kI mati-kalpanA ke AdhAra para pratipAdita nahIM kiyA, apitu apane pUrvavartI AcAryoM ke viracita granthoM ke AdhAra para hI pratipAdita kiyA hai, lekina unakI itanI vizeSatA to hai ki unhoMne apane yoga-viSayaka granthoM kI racanA, ve bAlajIvoM ke hitakArI baneM- isa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kI thii| yogadRSTisamuccaya meM nimna zloka ke mAdhyama se isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai anekayogazAstrebhyaH saMkSepeNa smuddhRtH| dRSTibhedena yogo'ya mAtmAnusmRtaye prH||16 maharSi pataJjali Adi aneka yogavettAoM kI dRSTi ke bhedoM-prabhedoM se yukta yaha yogamArga saMkSepa rUpa meM maiMne apanI AtmA kI smRti ke lie uddhRta kiyA hai, arthAt jisa prakAra dahI ke maMthana se makkhana nikalakara alaga ho jAtA hai, yA sArabhUta tattva kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai, usI prakAra yogazAstroM ke maMthana dvArA merA yaha puruSArtha navanIta ke samAna hai, jo Atma-kalyANa ke mArga para Age bar3hane ke lie protsAhita karake apane lakSya taka pahuMcAne meM saphalatA prApta karavAtA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA viracita granthoM meM dhyAna tathA yoga-viSayaka grantha nimnalikhita haiM ___ 1. dharmabindu 116 yogadRSTisamuccaya, zloka 207. For Personal & Private Use Only

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2. zAstravArttAsamuccaya 3. brahmasiddhisamuccaya 4. yogabindu 5. yogazataka 6. yogadRSTisamuccaya aura svopajJavRtti 7. yogaviMzikA 8. jogavihANavIsiyA, 9. SoDazaka - prakaraNa 10. paMcasUtra kI vRtti / 17 uparyukta granthoM meM yoga - sambandhI apUrva sAmagrI prastuta hai / inakA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai 1. dharmabindu prastuta grantha meM gRhastha-dharma kA vistRta varNana hai| isake ATha prakaraNa haiN| sAtaveM adhyAya meM dharmaphala ke antargata dhyAna kA vizeSa rUpa se varNana kiyA gayA hai| 2. zAstravArttAsamuccaya isa grantha ke bhI ATha prakaraNa haiN| unakI zloka saMkhyA kramazaH 112 + 81 + 44 + 137 + 39 + 63 + 66 + 159 = 701 hai| isa grantha meM sabhI darzanoM ke siddhAntoM ke vivecana ke pazcAt jJAnayoga ke svarUpa, usake phala Adi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai, sAtha hI unhoMne dhyAna ko hI paramayoga arthAt mokSa kA mArga batAyA hai| vikrama saMvat kI satrahavIM zatAbdI ke madhyakAla meM isa grantha ko AdhAra rakhakara upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne TIkA likhI thI / 117 - 3. brahmasiddhisamuccaya prastuta kRti haribhadra kI hai, aisA munizrI puNyavijayajI kA mantavya hai / 118 unake mata se isakI eka khaNDita tAr3apatrIya prati, jo unheM milI thI, vaha inake jIvana evaM racanAoM ke bAre me anekAnta - jayapatAkA ke khaNDa pahalA (pR. 17 se 29 ) aura khaNDa dUsarA (pR. 10 se 106 ) ke apane aMgrejI upodghAta meM tathA zrI haribhadrasUri SoDazaka kI prastAvanA samarAiccakahAcariya ke gujarAtI anuvAda viSayaka apane dRSTipAta Adi meM katipaya bAtoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| upadezamAlA aura brahmasiddhAntasamuccaya bhI unakI kRtiyAM haiN| inameM bhI upadezamAlA to Aja taka anupalabdha hI hai| 56 - For Personal & Private Use Only

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vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdI meM likhI gaI thii|19 yaha kRti saMskRta bhASA meM racI huI hai| muzkila se isake cAra sau teIsa padya mile, ve bhI apUrNa haiN| Adya-padya meM Atmatattva kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI maulika vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa grantha ke antargata sarva-darzanoM kA samanvaya dekhA jA sakatA hai| - zloka kramAMka 392 se 394 meM mRtyu-sUcaka cihnoM kA varNana hai| prastuta kRti meM haribhadrIya anya kRtiyoM ke katipaya padya prApta hote haiM, jinakA nirdeza munizrI puNyavijayajI ne kiyA hai, jaisA ki bAMsaThave zloka lalita-vistarA meM AtA hai| SoDazaka-prakaraNa meM adveSAdi ATha aMgoM kA jaisA ullekha hai, vaisA hI isake zloka kramAMka paiMtIsa meM bhI hai| icchAyoga, zAstrayoga tathA sAmarthyayoga kA jo nirUpaNa brahmasiddhi-samuccaya ke zloka kramAMka 188 se 191 meM hai, vaha lalita-vistarA aura yogadRSTi-samuccaya meM bhI hai| isameM zloka kramAMka caupana meM bhI apunarbandhaka kA ullekha hai, vaha ina donoM meM bhI hai| icchA, zAstra aura sAmarthya-yoga ke varNana ke pazcAt upazamazreNI aura kSapakazreNI kA varNana hai| ina zreNiyoM para dhyAna karane vAlA sAdhaka hI car3ha sakatA hai| isa prakAra, isameM dhyAna kA saMkSepa meM kathana karake haribhadrasUri ne yaha bhI kahA ki brahmAdi kI prApti bhI yoga ke dvArA sambhava hai| 4. yogabindu - yogamArga samarthaka AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA racita yaha kRti adhyAtma-mArga para prakAza DAlatI hai|120 mUla grantha saMskRta bhASA ke anuSTupa chanda ke pAMca sau sattAIsa padyoM (zlokoM) se yukta hai| isameM vividha viSayoM ke varNana ke sAtha hI yoga kA mahattva, yoga kI pUrva-pIThikA ke rUpa meM 'pUrvasevA' zabda dvArA pAMca anuSThAnoM kA varNana hai| viSAnuSThAna, garalAnuSThAna, ananuSThAna, tadhetu-anuSThAna aura amRtAnuSThAna" - 118 yaha nAma munizrI puNyavijayajI ne diyA hai| yaha kRti prakAzita hai, yaha bAta jaina-sAhitya kA __ bRhad itihAsa dvArA uddhRta, bhAga- 4, pR. 237. 119 vahI,, bhAga, 04, pR. 237. 120 yaha kRti ajJAtakartRkavRtti ke sAtha 'jainadharma prasAraka-sabhA' ne san 1911 meM prakAzita kI __ hai| isakA sampAdana DaoN ela0 suAlI ne kiyA hai| isake pazcAt yahI kRti 'jainagrantha prasAraka-sabhA' ne sana 1940 meM prakAzita kI hai| 121 vaiyAkaraNa vinayavijayagaNi ne 'zrIpAla rAjAnorAsa' zurU kiyA thA, parantu vikrama saMvat 1738 meM unakA avasAna hone para apUrNa rahA thaa| nyAyAcArya zrI yazovijaya ne tRtIya khaNDa kI pAMcavI DhAla, athavA usake amuka aMza se Age kA bhAga pUrNa kiyA hai| unhoMne caturtha khaNDa kI sAtavIM DhAla ke 29veM padya meM ina viSAdi pAMca anuSThAnoM kA ullekha karake padya 30 se For Personal & Private Use Only

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ina pAMca anuSThAnoM ke vivecana ke sAtha hI isameM samyaktva kI prApti meM sAdhanAbhUta yathApravRttikaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa kA vivecana bhI bahuta hI spaSTa rUpa se kiyA gayA hai| isameM virati, mokSa, AtmA kI paribhASA, kArya kI siddhi meM kAla, svabhAva Adi paMcakAraNa-samavAya kI bhUmikA kA varNana, mahezvarAdi evaM puruSAdvaitavAdI ke matoM kA nirasana, adhyAtma-bhAvanA, dhyAna, samatA aura vRttisaMkSepa Adi kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai / pataMjali kI samprajJAta aura asamprajJAta -samAdhi ke sambandha meM gopendra 122 aura kAlAtIta 23 kI mAnyatA kA nirdeza tathA sarvadeva namaskAra kI udAravRtti ke sandarbha meM cArisaMjIvanI - nyAya kA dRSTAnta diyA gayA hai| isameM kAlAtIta kI anupalabdha kRti meM se sAta avataraNa bhI die gae haiN| isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki yoga ke adhikArI kauna haiM aura kauna nahIM ? bhavAbhinandI - jIva dhyAna ke adhikArI nahIM haiN| isameM caramAvartta meM sthita zuklapAkSika, bhinnagranthi aura cAritrI jIvoM ko hI dhyAna kA adhikArI kahA gayA hai| prastuta grantha para AdhArita 'sayogacintAmaNi' nAmaka svopajJavRtti bhI haiM, jisakA zloka - parimANa tIna hajAra chaH sau bIsa hai / ' 124 33 meM unakA vivecana kiyA hai| isake alAvA 26veM padya meM bhI anuSThAna se sambaddha prIti, bhakti - vacana aura asaMga kA unhoMne nirdeza kiyA hai| 122 zrI haribhadrasUri ne anya sampradAyoM ke jina vidvAnoM kA mAnapUrvaka nirdeza kiyA hai, unameM se eka yaha gopendra bhI hai / ina sAMkhyayogAcArya ke mata ke sAtha unakA apanA mata milatA haiaisA unhoMne kahA hai / haribhadrasUri ne lalitavistarA (pR. 45 A.) meM 'bhagavadgopenda' aise sammAnasUcaka nAma ke sAtha unakA ullekha kiyA hai| gopendra, athavA unakI kisI kRti ke bAre meM kisI ajaina vidvAn ne nirdeza kiyA ho, to jJAta nahIM,, kevala mUlakRti gujarAtI artha (anuvAda) aura vivecana ke sAtha 'buddhisAgara jaina jJAnamandira' ne 'sukhasAgarajI granthamAlA' ke tRtIya prakAzana ke rUpa meM san 1950 meM prakAzita kI hai| Ajakala yaha mUla kRti aMgrejI anuvAda Adi ke sAtha lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyA mandira ahamadAbAda kI ora se chapI hai| 123 ye paraspara virodhI bAtoM kA samanvaya karate haiM / isa dRSTi se isa kSetra meM ye haribhadrasUri ke purogAmI kahe jA sakate haiN| 'samadarzI AcArya haribhadra' (pR. 80 ) meM ye zaiva, pAzupata yA avadhUta - paramparA ke hoMge- aisI kalpanA kI gaI hai| 124 pro. maNilAla ena. dvivedI ne yogabindu kA gujarAtI anuvAda kiyA thA aura vaha vaDodarA se san 1899 meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| yogabindu evaM usakI ajJAtakarttRkavRtti Adi ke bAre meM vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka ke 'zrI haribhadrasUri' tathA 'jaina saMskRta - sAhitya no itihAsa' grantha dekhie. 58 For Personal & Private Use Only

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59 5. yogazataka (jogasayaga) - AcArya haribhadrasUri saMskRta bhASA ke mahAn siddhahasta lekhaka to the hI, sAtha hI prAkRta bhASA ke sambandha meM bhI unakA pANDitya prakhara thA, mAno donoM bhASA (saMskRta aura prAkRta) para unakA prabhutva eka tarAjU ke donoM palar3oM ke samAna thaa| prAkRta bhASA meM racita yogaviSayaka granthoM meM yogazataka nAmaka grantha mahattvapUrNa hai| yaha eka sau eka prAkRta gAthAoM kI racanA hai| isameM vividha viSayoM kA varNana hai| isake prArambha meM yoga ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai 1. nishcy-yog| 2. vyvhaar-yog| phira, ina donoM yogoM kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| tadanantara, nizcaya-yoga se phala, siddhi, AtmA aura karma kA sambandha, yoga ke adhikArI ke rUpa meM apunarbandhaka, samyagdRSTi aura samyakacAritra- ina tInoM kA svarUpa, maitrI Adi cAra bhAvanAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| phira, sarvasampatkArI bhikSA, yogajanita labdhiyoM aura unake phala kI carcA hai| isameM kAyika-pravRtti kI tulanA meM mAnasika-bhAvanA ko zreSTha batAyA gayA hai, sAtha hI isa zreSThatA ko maNDUka-cUrNa aura usakI bhasma tathA miTTI kA ghar3A aura suvarNa-kalaza ke udAharaNa se samajhAyA gayA hai| isameM kAla-jJAna kA upAya bhI varNita hai| uparyukta sabhI viSaya dhyAna se sambandhita haiN| jisa taraha dUdha se zakara ko alaga nahIM kara sakate, usI taraha ina viSayoM se dhyAna ko bhI alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa grantha ke antargata dhyAna zabda ke sthAna para yoga zabda kA prayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha para haribhadra kI svopajJa-vyAkhyA hai, jisakA parimANa sAta sau pacAsa zloka hai| 6. yogadRSTisamuccaya - prastuta grantha do sau chabbIsa padyoM meM likhA gayA hai| isameM yoga ko alaga-alaga dRSTiyoM se samajhAyA gayA hai|125 prathama to oghadRSTi tathA 125 (ka) uparyukta ATha dRSTiyoM ke viSaya kA Alekhana nyAyAcArya zrI yazovijayagaNi ne dvAtriMzad-dvAtriMzikA kI 21-24 meM tathA 'ATha yoganI sajjhAya' meM kiyA hai| (kha) sva. motIcanda gi. kapAr3iyA kI isa viSaya ko lekara gujarAtI meM 'jaina dRSTie yoga' nAmaka kitAba kI dUsarI AvRtti zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, vikrama saMvat 2010 meM prakAzita huii| (ga) nyAyavizArada, nyAyatIrtha munizrI nyAyavijayajI ne isa viSaya kA nirUpaNa 'adhyAtma-tattvAloka' meM kiyaa| . For Personal & Private Use Only

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yogadRSTi kA nirUpaNa hai, tatpazcAt icchAyoga, zAstrayoga aura sAmarthyayoga ke bhedoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sAmarthyayoga ko bhI do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai1. dharmasaMnyAsa aura 2. yogsNnyaas| isake anantara 1. mitrA 2. tArA 3. balA 4. dIprA 5. sthirA 6. kAntA 7. prabhA aura 8. parA- ina ATha dRSTiyoM kA viSaya vizada rUpa se nirUpita hai, sAtha hI pAtaMjali ke aSTAMgayoga se ina ATha yogadRSTiyoM kI tulanA bhI kI gaI hai| ina ATha dRSTiyoM ko samajhAne ke lie tRNAdi kI agni ke udAharaNa prastuta kie ge| isameM caudaha guNasthAnoM kA varNana bhI kiyA gayA hai, sAtha hI gotrayogI, kulayogI, pravRttayogI tathA niSpannayogI ke svarUpa ke bAre meM bhI samajhAyA gayA hai| karmayukta (saMsArI) jIva kI acaramAvarttakAlIna avasthA ko 'oghadRSTi' aura caramAvarttakAlIna avasthA ko yogadRSTi kahA hai| ATha dRSTiyoM meM se prathama kI cAra dRSTiyAM AMzika mithyAtva se yukta hone ke kAraNa unheM avedyasaMvedya pada vAlI tathA asthira evaM sadoSa kahA hai, zeSa cAra dRSTiyAM vedyasaMvedya pada vAlI evaM nirdoSa haiN| prathama cAra dRSTiyoM meM mithyAtva guNasthAna hotA hai| pAMcavI-chaThavIM dRSTi meM pAMcave se sAMtave guNasthAna hote haiN| sAtavIM dRSTi meM AThavAM aura nauvAM guNasthAna hotA hai| antima dRSTi meM zeSa sabhI guNasthAnoM kA, arthAt dasaveM se lekara caudahaveM guNasthAnoM taka kA samAveza isa grantha para aneka muni-bhagavaMtoM ne TIkA bhI likhI hai tathA isakA gujarAtI bhASAntara bhI kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai1. zrI devavijayajI gaNivara (kezarasUrizvarajI masA.) 2. pU. A. bhuvanabhAnusUrizvarajI masA. vyAkhyAnAtmaka-zailI meM bhASAntara / 3. pU. yugabhUSaNavijayajI msaa.| pU. gaNivarya muktidarzanavijayajI dvArA likhita 'ATha dRSTinA ajvaalaa'| 5. zrI rAjazekharavijaya masA. dvArA bhAvAnuvAda vAlA vivecn| 6. paNDitajI zrI DaoN. bhagavAnadAsa manasukhajI kA kiyA huA vivecana / 7. paNDitajI dhIrajalAla DAhyAlAla kRta gujarAtI bhaassaantr| For Personal & Private Use Only

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7. yogazataka kI svopajJavRtti - mUla granthakAra haribhadrasUri ne svayaM isa para svopajJavRtti likhakara mUla viSaya kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| mUla grantha meM mitrAdi ATha dRSTiyoM kI tulanA pAtaMjala yogadarzana (2-29) meM Ae yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi- ATha yogAMgoM ke sAtha kI gaI hai, usI prakAra zloka kramAMka solaha kI vRtti meM kheda, udvega, kSepa, utthAna, bhrAnti, anyamudroga aura AsaMga kI carcA hai|126 isI zloka kI vRtti ke antargata adveSa, jijJAsA, zuzrUSA, zravaNa, bodha-mImAMsA, zuddha pratipatti aura pravRtti kA varNana tulanA sahita kiyA gayA hai| isa tulanA meM kramazaH pataMjali, bhAskara bandhu aura datta ke mantavya bhI dRSTigocara hote haiN|128 8. yogaviMzikA - eka hajAra cAra sau caMvAlIsa granthoM ke praNetA AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA racita viMzati-viMzikA-prakaraNa, jisameM vividha viSayoM para bIsa-bIsa zlokoM dvArA adbhuta nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai, usa grantha kA hI yoga-viSayaka eka prakaraNa 'gAgara meM sAgara' kI ukti ko sArthaka karatA hai| isa grantha ko joga-vihANavIsiyA ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| 9. jogavihANavIsiyA (yogavidhAnaviMzikA) - AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA racita 'vIsavIsiyA' bIsa vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai| una vibhAgoM ke satrahaveM vibhAga kA nAma 'jogavihANavIsiyA' hai| isameM yoga-viSayaka bIsa gAthAeM haiN| pahalI gAthA meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki jo pravRtti mukti kI ora le jAe, vaha yoga hai| dUsarI gAthA meM yoga ke pAMca prakAra batAe gae haiM- 1. sthAna 2. UrNa 3. artha 4. Alambana aura 5 anAlambana / 29 isameM prathama do 'karmayoga' haiM aura bAkI tIna 'jJAnayoga' haiN| pratyeka ke icchA, pravRtti, sthairya aura siddhi- isa prakAra cAra-cAra bheda haiN| isameM yoga ke assI bhedoM ke vivecana ke sAtha hI anukampA, nirveda, saMvega aura prazama kA varNana hai| tIrtha-rakSA hetu zuddhikaraNa aura zuddha AcaraNa ke cAra prakAroM kA ullekha kiyA gayA 126 ina kheda Adi ke spaSTIkaraNa ke lie SoDazaka, So. 14, zloka 2 - 11. SoDazaka, So. 16, zloka 14. - 128 samadarzI AcArya haribhadra, pR. 86. 129 ina pAMcoM kA SoDazaka, So. 13, 4 meM nirdeza hai. For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai| yaha kRti AdhyAtmika-vikAsa ke mArga para Age bar3hane ke lie prAthamika stara kA vivecana na karake Age ke staroM kA bhI nirdeza karatI hai| 9. SoDazaka-prakaraNa - yathA nAma tathA guNa kI kahAvata isa grantha ke nAma para bhI lAgU hotI hai| isameM solaha-solaha padyoM ke solaha prakaraNa haiN| prastuta kRti meM bAla, madhyama-buddhi evaM budha Adi ke vargIkaraNa ke mAdhyama se aneka viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yoga-sAdhanA meM bAdhaka kheda, udvegAdi ATha citta-doSoM kA isake caudahaveM prakaraNa meM varNana milatA hai, vaise hI solahaveM prakaraNa ke antargata ina doSoM ke virodhI pakSa adveSAdi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| pandrahaveM prakaraNa meM dhyAna kA suspaSTa varNana tathA dhyAna ke do prakAroM - 1. sAlambana-dhyAna aura 2. nirAlambana-dhyAna kA ullekha hai| ina donoM dhyAnoM kI prApti avazyameva hotI hai| isa prakAra, isameM dhyAna (yoga) kA vistAra se vivecana hai| 10. paMcasUtra kI vRtti - prastuta grantha para haribhadra kI vRtti hai| ise pApapratighAta evaM guNabIjAdhAna, sAdhudharma kI paribhAvanA, pravrajyAgrahaNavidhi, pravrajyAparipAlana tathA pravrajyAphala- ina pAMca viSayoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| inameM yoga-viSayaka kucha ullekha milate haiN| isameM sukRta kA sevana, duSkRta kA parityAga, maMgalarUpa cAra zaraNa, zrAvaka evaM zramaNa kI caraNasattarI-karaNasattarI kA varNana, samyagdarzanAdi kI ArAdhanA ke mAdhyama se dhyAna tathA yoga kA kucha vivaraNa upalabdha hai| isa prakAra, haribhadrasUri kA dhyAna tathA yogaviSayaka sAhitya gahana, kintu sarala hai| yaha vyakti kI sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hai| vaise bhI kahA gayA hai- "saMsAra meM anAdikAla se paribhramaNa karate hue jIva ke duHkhoM kA sarvathA nAza karake, zAzvata Ananda kI dazA prApta karAne vAlA, arthAt paramAtmA banAne vAlA sAdhana 'yoga' yA 'dhyAna' hI hai|"130 haribhadra ke dhyAnazataka-TIkA kI vizeSatAeM - yaha eka suspaSTa tathya hai ki AcArya haribhadrasUri ne 'jhANajjhayaNa' (dhyAnazataka) para saMskRta bhASA meM eka TIkA likhI hai, jo vartamAna meM bhI upalabdha hai| yaha TIkA dhyAnazataka kI sabase prathama TIkA hai, jo * 130 prastuta vAkya 'jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa', bhAga- 4 se uddhRta hai, pR. 227. For Personal & Private Use Only

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jhAjhayaNa kI racanA ke lagabhaga eka sau athavA eka sau paccIsa varSa ke pazcAt likhI jA cukI thI / prastuta dhyAnAdhyayana (dhyAnazataka) arddhamAgadhI - Agama para AdhArita hai aura Agama para AdhArita hone ke kAraNa isameM una sabhI viSayoM kA samAveza huA hai, jo ThANAMga Adi Agama-granthoM meM varNita haiN| isake sAtha-sAtha, isameM niryukti kI zailI aura unakI dhyAna-sambandhI avadhAraNAoM kA bhI samAveza huA hai / haribhadra ne apanI TIkA meM bhI una Agamika - AdhAroM ko to spaSTa kiyA hai, lekina itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne apanI TIkA meM niyukti Adi ke bhAvoM ko bhI grahaNa kiyA hai / haribhadra kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne apane ko na kevala mUla AgamoM taka sImita rakhA, apitu unakI niryukti, bhASya aura cUrNi ko bhI AdhAra banAkara yaha TIkA likhI hai| jahAM mUla grantha meM mAtra mUla AgamoM aura unakI niyukti ko AdhAra banAyA gayA hai, vahIM TIkA meM niyukti ke sAtha-sAtha bhASya aura cUrNi ko bhI AdhAra banAyA hai aura isa prakAra mUla grantha kI apekSA TIkA meM zabdoM ke artha kA spaSTIkaraNa vistAra se aura sAmAnya buddhi vAle vyakti ko AsAnI se samajha meM A jAe, itanI saralatA se huA hai| isa prakAra, isameM janasAdhAraNa kA dhyAna rakhA gayA hai / mAtra yahI nahIM, isameM zabda ke sAmAnya artha ke sAtha-sAtha usake tAtparya ko bhI spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / TIkA meM aneka sthaloM para 'iti gamyate iti zeSaH prakaraNAd iti gamyate' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga karake grantha ke varNita viSaya ke mUla hArda ko pramANa sahita adhika spaSTatA se samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai 1 " 63 isa TIkA kI eka anya vizeSatA isakA madhyama AkAra kA honA hai| yaha na to ati saMkSipta hai aura na hI ati vistRta / yaha madhyama AkAra kI TIkA hai, isI kAraNa se ise jana-sAdhAraNa ko bhI samajhane meM ati kaThinAI nahIM hotI hai / yadyapi TIkA kI bhASA saMskRta hai, phira bhI isameM prayukta saMskRta itanI sarala aura sahaja hai ki sAmAnya rUpa se saMskRta kA sAmAnya jJAtA bhI use saralatA se samajha sakatA hai| TIkAkAra ne apane kathya ko pramANa - purassara siddha karane hetu aneka sthaloM para apane se prAcIna AcAryoM ke grantha ke sandarbha bhI die haiN| isI prakAra, yadi isakI kisI gAthA - vizeSa ke artha ke sambandha meM TIkAkAra ke sAmane vidvAnoM meM jo bhI matabheda the, TIkA meM TIkAkAra ne unakA bhI spaSTIkaraNa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| TIkAkAra ne unake samakSa mUla For Personal & Private Use Only

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grantha ke pAThoM ko lekara jo bhI matabheda rahe the, unakA bhI TIkA meM nirdeza kara diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra, hama dekhate haiM ki yaha TIkA mUla grantha ke viSaya ko samajhane kI dRSTi se bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai aura isIlie hI ise hamane apane zodha kA viSaya banAyA hai / TIkA kI vizeSatAoM ke sandarbha meM hamane uparyukta sAmAnya nirdeza die haiN| inhIM tathyoM kI puSTi AcArya vijayakIrttiyazasUrijI ne 'dhyAnazataka' bhAga - 1 ke sampAdakIya meM bhI kI hai| unakA kathana gujarAtI bhASA meM hone se hamane usakA rUpAntaraNa hindI meM karake likhA hai 64 'dhyAnazatakasya ca mahArthatvAt' pada se zurU hokara 'nAsti kAcidasau kriyA AgamAnusAreNa kriyamANA yayA sAdhUnAM dhyAnaM na bhavati' - isa vAkya se pUrNa hotA hai| isameM na ati saMkSipta aura na hI ati vistRta varNana kiyA hai| aise samartha zAstrakAra ziromaNi zrI haribhadrasUri kI prastuta grantha kI TIkA ko dekhakara TIkA-zailI kI vizeSatA kA varNana isa prakAra hai 1. zabdoM ke artha ko samajhane ke lie 'iti' zabda kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| 2. ityarthaH iti yAvat, vagairaha zabdoM ke mAdhyama se zabdoM ke tAtparya taka le gae haiM / 3. itigamyate, iti zeSaH prakaraNAd iti gamyate, Adi zabdoM ke prayoga se gAthAoM meM jinakA varNana nahIM kiyA gayA, aisI bAtoM kA samanvaya bhI kiyA gayA hai / 4. itiyogaH, iti sambandhaH, Adi zabdoM ke mAdhyama se, gAthAoM kA anvaya kaise karanA, unako kaise jor3anA tathA kaise alaga-alaga karanA ityAdi bAtoM kA jJAna hameM gAthAoM kI TIkA ke antargata prApta ho jAtA hai / 5. TIkA meM prAgnirUpita zabdArthaH, prAgnirUpitasvarUpaH Adi vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA, lekina isa bAta para unakA vizeSa dhyAna thA ki pUrva meM nirUpita kie gae zabdoM ke artha kI punarukti na ho jAe / 6. gAthA kI avataraNikA meM idAnIm, sAmpratam, atha Adi zabdoM kA prayoga atyadhika mAtrA meM huA hai / 7. TIkA ke viSaya ko puSTa karane ke lie aneka sthAnoM para prAcIna granthoM ke udAharaNa dekara isako aura bhI sundara banAyA gayA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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8. kahIM-kahIM gAthA kI vyAkhyA ke sambandha meM jo matabheda varNita haiM, unakI jAnakArI bhI TIkA meM dI gaI hai| dhyAnazataka kI mUla gAthAoM meM koI pATha-bheda hai, to usakA ullekha bhI TIkA ke antargata hai| ------00000-- For Personal & Private Use Only

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jinabhadagaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadIya TIkA: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana dvitIya adhyAya 1. dhyAna kI paribhASA aura svarUpa 2. prastuta grantha meM dhyAna kI paribhASA 3. prastuta grantha kI haribhadrIya TIkA meM dhyAna kI paribhASA 4. chadmastha aura jinezvara ke dhyAna 5. dhyAna ke prakAra 6. cAra dhyAnoM ke zubhatva aura azubhatva kA prazna 7. ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna bandhana ke hetu 8. sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna kA sthAna aura mahattva For Personal & Private Use Only

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dvitIya adhyAya dhyAna kI paribhASA aura svarUpa AdhyAtmika-sAdhanA ke vikAsa meM dhyAna kA ati mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, jo prAcInakAla se calA A rahA hai| yahAM taka ki atiprAcIna nagara mohanajodar3o aura har3appA se khudAI meM jo sIleM Adi upalabdha huI haiM, unameM bhI dhyAnamudrA meM yogiyoM ke aMkana pAe jAte haiN|' vaijJAnikoM kA yaha mantavya hai ki isa sabhyatA kA jIvanakAla IsvI pUrva chaH hajAra se lekara ke do hajAra pAMca sau IsvI pUrva varSa taka rahA pratIta hotA hai|' mohanajodar3o kA kAla prAgvaidikakAla kahalAtA hai| isa sandarbha meM rAmaprasAda cAMdA kA kathana hai- 'sindhu ghATI kI aneka mudrAoM meM na kevala baiThI huI devamUrtiyAM yoga-mudrA meM hai aura usa sudUra atIta meM sindhu ghATI meM yogamArga ke pracAra ko siddha karatI haiM, balki khaDgAsana devamUrtiyAM bhI yoga -kAyotsarga-mudrA meM haiM aura vaha kAyotsarga-dhyAnamudrA viziSTatayA jaina hai| ___ isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki bhArata deza meM dhyAna kI paramparA prAcIna hai aura sAdhanA ke kSetra meM sadA use sammAnanIya sthAna milA hai| 'dhyAna' vItarAgadazA ko prakaTa karAne vAlI sAdhanA kA abhinna aMga bhI hai| sampUrNa jaina-vAGmaya kA sUkSmatA se adhyayana karane para yaha jJAta hotA hai ki usameM bhI dhyAna kI pracura sAmagrI hai|' 'AcArAMga-sUtra' ke navama adhyAya meM varNita mahAvIra kI sAdhanA se yaha pramANita hotA hai 1 (ka) DavIMdaravakaMtavadaka pdakane byaapasapaMjapavadae zravIda DaMtIsae avasanauma 1e caMhama 520 (kha) jainadharma aura tAntrika-sAdhanA, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, adhyAya, 8, pR. 256. bhAratIya itihAsa : eka dRSTi. 3 bhpejavatala va idabapaMdaja pdakapae chama. 250 * bhAratIya itihAsa : eka dRSTi. (ka) sthAnAMga - 10/133. ) isibhAsiyAiM (RSibhASita), adhyAya 23.. (ga) uttarAdhyayanasUtra - 11/14-27, uttarAdhyayana - 11/14 kI vRhavRtti. (gha) dhyAnastava, zloka 8 se 23 taka. (Ga) samavAyAMga, samavAya 5. (ca) prazna-vyAkaraNa, saMvaradvAra 5. (cha) bhagavatIzataka - 25, udadezaka 7. (ja) Avazyakaniyukti - 1458.. (jha) aupapAtikasUtra 30, pR. 49-50.. (Ja) pagAmasijjhAya, Avazyaka zramaNasUtra. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___67 ki unake lie dhyAna-sAdhanA hI ati mahattvapUrNa thii| ve kaThinatama dhyAna-sAdhanA karate the| bhagavAn mahAvIra apanI kaThinatama dhyAna-sAdhanA se vicalita nahIM hue the| nimna uddharaNa mahAvIra kI dhyAnasAdhanA ko pUrNataH prakaTa karatA hai avi jhAi se mahAvIre, AsaNatthe akukkue jhaannN| uDDha ahe tiriyaM ca pehamANe smaahipddinnnne||' ve mahAvIra utkRSTa AsanoM meM sthita hokara nirantara avicalita dazA se dhyAna karate the| urdhva, adho aura tiryak dekhate hue samAdhi meM magna aura anAkAMkSa rahate the| .. _ 'AcArAMga-sUtra' kI zIlAMkAcArya TIkA meM AcArAMgacUrNi evaM AvazyakacUrNi ke antargata bhagavAn mahAvIra kI dhyAna-sAdhanA ke sambandha kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki ve pramukha rUpa se urdhvaloka tathA madhyaloka meM sthita jIvAjIvAdi tattvoM kA Alambana lekara dhyAna meM magna ho jAte the|' "suNNAgArA vaNassaMto NivAya saraNappadIpajjhANamivaNippa kNpe|| isakA artha hai ki jisa prakAra sunasAna AgAra meM nirvAta (vAyurahita) sthala meM jisa taraha dIpaka prajjvalita rahatA hai, usI prakAra nirgrantha dhyAnAvasthA meM niSprakampa rahate haiN| Agamottara-kAla meM aneka jaina-AcAryoM, vidvAnoM dvArA dhyAna-sambandhI viSaya para prakAza DAlA gayA, yathA- pUrvadhara maharSi umAsvAti ne 'tattvArthasUtra' aura unake dvArA racita usake 'svopajJabhASya' meM dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne vizeSAvazyakabhASya ke sAmAyika adhyayana ke bAda dhyAna-viSayaka 'jhANajjhayaNa' nAmaka grantha likhA hai| suripundara haribhadra ne to 'Avazyakaniyukti' para suvistRta TIkA kI racanA ke antargata sampUrNa 'dhyAnazataka' ko hI uddhRta kiyA hai, sAtha hI 'saMbodhaprakaraNa' meM bhI svatantra vibhAga ke rUpa meM sampUrNa dhyAnazataka ko samAhita kiyA hai| AcArya siddhasenasUri ne tattvArthasUtra ke 'svopajJabhASya' kI TIkA meM tattvArtha ke dhyAna-sambandhI sUtroM evaM unake bhASya kI vizada vivecanA kI hai| saMvegaraMgazAlA grantha ke AcArya 6 (ka) AcArAMgasUtra, adhyAya 9, uddezaka.4, gAthA 67. (kha) AcArAMgavRttipatra 312. ' (ka) AcArAMgazIlATIkA, patrAMka 315. (kha) AcArAMgacUrNi, mUlapATha TippaNa, sUtra 320. (ga) AvazyakacUrNi, pR. 324. For Personal & Private Use Only

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zrIjinacandra sUrIzvara ne to 'dhyAnAMga' para sundara prakAza DAlA hai| kalikAla sarvajJa hemacandrasUri ne bhI 'yogazAstra' Adi granthoM meM dhyAna-viSayaka suvistRta vivecana kiyA hai| nyAyAcArya yazovijayajI ne 'adhyAtmasAra' meM dhyAnazataka kA dhyAnAdhikAra ke rUpa meM samavatAra kiyA hai, sAtha hI unhoMne adhyAtmopaniSada meM yogavAsiSTha aura taittarIya-upaniSad ke mahattvapUrNa uddharaNa dekara unakI jaina-darzana ke dhyAna ke sAtha tulanA kI hai| adhyAtmayogI AnaMdaghanakRta 'caubIsI' va unake sphuTa padoM meM dhyAna kI carcA kI gaI hai| yogIrAja 'zrImadrAjacandra' ke sAhitya meM bhI dhyAna-viSayaka carcA hai| AcArya ratnazekharasUri ne 'guNasthAnaka kramAroha' meM dhyAna ko bahuta sundara rUpa meM varNita kiyA hai| isa prakAra, aneka vidvAnoM ne apanI lekhanI dhyAna-viSayaka vivecanA hetu claaii| dhyAna zabda kA sAmAnya artha - 'dhyai cintAyAm - isa sUtra ke anusAra mana ke kisI viSaya meM lIna hone kI dazA dhyAna hai| dhyAna AnA, arthAt anubhUta tathyoM kI smRti honA- yaha dhyAna zabda kA sAmAnya artha hai|deg vyutpatti kI dRSTi se dhyAna zabda kA artha hai - jisake dvArA kisI ke svarUpa kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dhyAna hai| dhyAna zabda kA vizeSa artha -.. antarmuhUrttakAla paryanta kisI viSaya para citta kI jo ekAgratA hotI hai, usI ko dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| nirviSaya mana hI dhyAna hai|13 'prastuta sandarbha 'jhANaM; dhyAna- svarUpa ane sAdhanA' bhAga- 1 pustaka kI bhUmikA se uddhRta. ' (ka) AvazyakacUrNi, adhyAya 4 (kha) siddha hemacandratattvAnuzAsanaM dhAtu naM. (ga) dhyAyate cintyate vastvanena, dhyartivA dhyaanm| - pravacanasAroddhAra, dvAra 6. 10 nAlandA vizAla zabdasAgara, saM. - zrInavalajI,, pR. 655. " (ka) (dhyai + lyUTa) "jJAnAt dhyAna vishissyte|" saMskRta zabdArtha, kaustubha, pR. 575. (kha) "dhyai - dhyAyate cintyate'nena tattvamiti dhyAnam, ekAgracitta nirodhaH ityarthaH |dhyai cintAyAm / - abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhAga 4, pR. 1662. (ga) "dhyAyate vastuaneneti dhyaanm|" - dhyAna yogarUpa aura darzana, saM. - DaoN nareMdra bhAnAvata, pR. 30. (ka) pravacanasAroddhAra, dvAra 6. (kha) abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhAga 4, pR. 1661. "dhyAnaM nirviSayaM mmH| - jainabhAratI se uddhRta, varSa 58, aMka 2, pR. 47. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #91
antaHkaraNa kI tallInatApUrvaka kisI kriyA, athavA bhAva kA honA bhI dhyAna hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA kA pahalA sopAna hai- ekAgratA, dhyAna meM tallInatA, arthAt cetanA kI vRtti kA sthirIkaraNa, athavA vicAroM kI ekAgratA parama Avazyaka hai| zabdoM meM mana kI ekAgratA kI kriyA dhyAna hai|15 'yogasAra-prAbhRta' kI prastAvanA meM dhyAna ko tapa, samAdhi, dhIrodha, svAntanigraha, antaHsaMlInatA, sAmyabhAva, samarasIbhAva, yogAMga Adi ke rUpoM meM bhI paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna kI paribhASA (jaina-paramparAnusAra) - tattvArthasUtra meM umAsvAti dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue kahate haiM ki cetanA kA kisI eka padArtha para kendrita honA dhyAna hai|" jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA viracita 'dhyAnazataka' ke AdhAra para, citta ko eka vastu yA viSaya meM sthira karanA dhyAna hai|18 AgamasAra ke anusAra, kisI eka viSaya para kendrita zubhAzubha vicAra ko dhyAna kahate haiN| saMyogavaza yA binA saMyoga ke hI vicAra utpanna ho sakate haiM, mana kisI-na-kisI viSaya meM avazya vicaraNa karatA hai| usake vicaraNa meM sthiratA ko dhyAna kahate haiN| zuddha caitanya kI anubhUti bhI isa dhyAna ke binA sambhava nahIM hai| parispandana se rahita ekAgra cintana kA nirodha dhyAna hai|20 14 'hemanavaraso' pustaka se (jayAcArya dvArA likhita) jainabhAratI ke sandarbha se, aMka - 8, varSa ___2008, pR. 40. 15 (ka) saMskRta zabdArtha kaustubha, sampAdaka - sva. caturvedI dvArakAprasAda zarmA, pR. 575. (kha) nAlaMdA vizAla zabdasAgara, pR. 655.. 16 yogo dhyAnaM samAdhizca dhIrodhaH svAnta nigrahaH / antaH saMlInatA ceti tatpayArthA smRtA budhaiH / / - ArSa 2/12 uddhRta - yogasAraprAbhRta, prastAvanA, pR. 17. " (ka) tattvArthasUtra - 9/27. (kha) navapadArtha, pR. 668. 18 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 3. 19 AgamasAra, pR. 167-168. 20 ekAgracintAnirodho yaH parispandena varjitaH, tddhyaanm| - tattvAnuzAsana 56. For Personal & Private Use Only

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'AdipurANa' meM, citta ko ekAgra rUpa se nirodha karanA dhyAna kI paribhASA hai| tattvAnuzAsana meM, ekAgracintAnirodha ko dhyAna kahA hai, sAtha hI dhyAna ko saMvara aura nirjarA kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai|22 ___dhyAna kI ina saba paribhASAoM se bilkula bhinna paribhASA tattvArthAdhigamasUtra meM batAI gaI hai ki vacana, kAya aura citta kA nirodha hI dhyAna hai|23 __isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki jaina-paramparA meM dhyAna kA sambandha kevala mana se hI nahIM mAnA gayA hai, balki vaha mana, vANI aura zarIra- tInoM se sambandhita hai| isI AdhAra para, dhyAna kI sampUrNa paribhASA dete hue 'Avazyakaniyukti' meM kahA gayA haizArIrika-vAcika-mAnasika kI ekalayatA, ekAgrapravRtti tathA usakI niraMjana-dazA, niSprakampa-dazA dhyAna hai| yogasAraprAbhRta meM ratnatrayamayadhyAna kisI eka hI vastu meM citta ko sthira karane vAle sAdhu ko hotA hai jo usake karmakSapaNa kA kAraNa hai| ina saba paribhASAoM se haTakara yuvAcArya mahAprajJajI ne dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue kahA hai ki 'dhyAna cetanA kI vaha avasthA hai, jo apane Alambana ke prati ekAgra hotI hai| unhoMne Age likhA hai- 'cintana-zUnyatA dhyAna nahIM aura vaha cintana bhI dhyAna nahIM, jo anekAgra hai| ekAgra cintana hI dhyAna hai| bhAvakriyA dhyAna hai aura cetanA ke vyApaka prakAza meM citta vilIna ho jAtA hai, vaha dhyAna hai| 26 tattvArtha zrutasAgarIyavRtti", sarvArthasiddhi tathA lokaprakAza Adi granthoM meM mana-vacana aura kAyA kI sthiratA ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai| 21 ekAgrayeNa nirodho yazcittayaskaitra vstuni| - AdipurANa - 21/8. taddhayAna nirjarA hetuH saMvarasya ca kaarnnm| - tattvAnuzAsana 56. 23 tattvArthAbhigamabhASya, siddhasenagaNi, 9/20 "Avazyakaniyukti - 1467-1468. 25 saMskRti ke do pravAha, AcArya mahAprajJa, pR. 222. OM saMskRti ke do pravAha, AcArya mahAprajJa, pR. 222. " aparispandamAnaM jJAnameva dhyaanmucyte| - tattvArthazrutasAgarIyavRtti - 9/27. 28 'cittavikSepatyAgo dhyaanm| - sarvArthasiddhi - 9/20/439. For Personal & Private Use Only

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AcArya kundakunda ne 'samayasAra' meM saMvara ke vivecana ke antargata dhyAna kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki jo sAdhaka saba prakAra kI AsaktiyoM se mukta hokara apanI AtmA kA AtmA se dhyAna karatA hai, vaha karma tathA nokarma kA cintana nahIM krtaa| aisA cintana karane vAlA AtmA ke ekatva kA cintana karatA hai / isa prakAra, AtmA kA dhyAna karatA huA darzana aura jJAnamayI hokara, kisI se na jur3atA huA, vaha svalpakAla meM hI karmoM se vimukta ho jAtA hai aura AtmasvarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai | 'mokSapAhuDa' meM likhA hai ki AtmA jJAna, darzana evaM cAritra se yukta hai - guru ke anugraha se yaha jAnakara sAdhaka ko nitya AtmasvarUpa kA dhyAna karanA cAhie | 31 svAmI kArttikeyAnuprekSA ke anusAra, nirvikalpa - avasthA, arthAt nija svarUpa meM mana ko ekalayatA, ekAgratA, athavA sthiratA meM sthita karanA hI uttamadhyAna yA zubhadhyAna kahalAtA hai | 32 'tatra dhyAna vicAra - savicAra ( anuvAdaka - nainamala surANA ) meM kahA gayA haidhyAnaM cintA-bhAvanApUrvakaH sthiro'dhyavasAyaH ", arthAt cintA (cintana) evaM bhAvanA se utpanna sthira adhyavasAya hI dhyAna hai| AtmA ke jo 'sthira' adhyavasAya arthAt avasthita adhyavasAya hote haiM, ve hI 'dhyAna' kahalAte haiM aura jo adhyavasAya cala arthAt anavasthita hote haiM, ve cintA athavA cintana kahalAte haiM / jaba cintana ko anya viSayoM se lokaprakAza 30/421-422. OM jo savvasaMgamukko jhAyadi appANamappaNo appA / Navi kammaM NokammaM cedA ciMtedi eyattaM / / appANaM jhAyaMto daMsaNaNANamao aNaNNamao / 29 31 32 33 - lahadi acireNa appANameva so kammapavimukkaM / / - aSTapAhuDa : mokSapAhuDa, gAthA 63-64, pR 312. suvisuddha - rAya - doso bAhira - saMkalpa - vajjio dhIro / eyagga-maNo saMto jaM ciMtai taM pi sui - jhANaM / / sa- savva - samubbhAso NaTTa - mamatto jididio / appA ciMtaMto sui - jhANa - rao have sAhu / / vajjia -sayala - viyappo appa - sarUve maNaM NirUdhaMto / jaM ciMtadi sANaMda taM dhammaM uttama jhANaM / / svAmI kArttikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA 480-482. tulanA kareM - ekAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam ! ekasmimAlamba ne cintAnirodhaH calaM citrameva cintA, tnnirodhstsyaikmaavsthaapnmityrthH| - tattvArthasUtra kI TIkA, zrI siddhasenagaNi, sUtra 9 - 27. 34 bhagavatI - ArAdhanA, vijayodayATIkA, dhyAnazataka, prastAvanA, pR 26. 35 yazastilakacampU AzvAsa, zloka - 8 / 155-158. paMcAstikAya - 152. samayasAra, gAthA 188-189, pR 310. 71 For Personal & Private Use Only

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haTAkara kisI bhI eka vastu athavA viSaya meM ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai, to vaha dhyAna bana jAtA hai| bhagavatI-ArAdhanA meM dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai'cintA-nirodha' se utpanna ekAgratA yA ekalayatA hI dhyAna hai| ___ AcArya somadeva ne apanI kRti 'yazastilakacampU' meM dhyAna ke prasaMga meM dhyAna ke svarUpa ko batAte hue kahA hai- "apanI pAMcoM indriyoM ko Atmonmukha banA le, bAhya-viSayoM se dUra kara le, taba hI sAdhaka dhyAna meM sthira hogaa|"35 AcArya kundakunda paMcAstikAya ke antargata dhyAna kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahate haiM ki darzana tathA jJAna se paripUrNa aura anya sabhI ke padArtha ke saMga se rahita zuddha caitanyAvasthA hI dhyAna hai|36 paNDita bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrI prastuta gAthA meM 'daMsaNNANasamaggaM' ko spaSTa karate hue likhate haiM ki samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna se paripUrNa kriyA hI dhyAna hai, kintu DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apanI pustaka 'jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna meM kahA hai"merI dRSTi meM yaha artha ucita nahIM hai| darzana aura jJAna kI samagratA (samaggaM) kA artha jJAna kA bhI darzana ke samAna nirvikalpa ho jAnA hai| sAmAnyatayA, jJAna vikalpAtmaka hotA hai aura darzana nirvikalpa, kintu jaba jJAna citta kI vikalpatA se rahita hokara darzana se abhinna ho jAtA hai, to vahI dhyAna ho jAtA hai|"37 anyatra kahA gayA hai ki jJAna se hI dhyAna kI siddhi hotI hai|38 __ mahApuruSoM kA kisI bodha meM nimagna ho jAnA hI dhyAna hai, kyoMki vaha niyata yA avicalita rahatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, citta kI ekAgratA hI dhyAna hai|9 37 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna pustaka se uddhRta, pR 18. 38 NANeNa-jhANasiddhi, vahI, pR 18. 7 (ka) dhyAnaM ca vimale bodhe sadaiva hi mhaatmnaam| sdA prasRmaro'nabhre prakAzo gagane vidhoH / / - dvAtriMzikA caubIsavIM kA pahalA. (kha) abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhAga- 4, pR 1663. 40 kAyAdi tihikikkaM cittaM tivva mauyaM ca majjhaM c| jaha sIhassa gatIo maMdA ya putA duyA cev|| - bRhadkalpasUtra, gAthA- 1452. 41 gItA-6/34. For Personal & Private Use Only

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svarUpa kA bodha dhyAna ke Alambana se hI ho sakatA hai, kyoMki mana vividha padArthoM meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai aura usakA jo bodha caitanya (AtmA) ko hotA hai, usa bodha ko hI 'jJAna' kahate haiM, parantu jaba vaha jJAna nirdhAta dIpaka kI lau ke samAna sthira yA eka hI viSaya para sthira ho jAtA hai, taba use dhyAna kahate haiN| bRhatkalpasUtra ke anusAra, dRr3ha adhyavasAyasvarUpa citta ko dhyAna kahate haiN| vaha tIna prakAra kA haimAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika / ina tIna prakAra ke citta kA dhyAna bhI tIna prakAra kA hai- 1. tIvra 2. manda evaM 3. madhya / jaise siMha kI gati manda (vilambita), pluta (na atimanda aura na atipluta) aura druta (atizIghra vegavAlI)- isa prakAra tIna bhedoM vAlI hotI hai, vaise hI dRr3ha adhyavasAya kA svarUpa dhyAna bhI mRdu, madhya aura tIvra- ina tIna svarUpoM vAlA hotA hai| dhyAna kI paribhASA (anya paramparAoM meM) - gItA ke antargata mana kI caMcalatA ke nirodha ko vAyu ke nirodha ke samAna ati kaThina mAnA gayA hai| usameM usake nirodha ke do upAya batAe gae haiM- 1. abhyAsa aura 2.vairAgya / ' pAtaMjalayogadarzana meM, citta kA anavarata evaM abAdhita rUpa se dhyeya vastu para ekAgra ho jAnA hI dhyAna hai|12 vairAgya-dazA meM kabhI-kabhI mana bahirmukhI ho sakatA hai, kintu nirantara abhyAsa se vaha antarmukhatA kI ora mur3a jAtA hai| mana kI sthiti ko bAra-bAra kendrita karanA 42 tatra pratyayaikatAnatA dhyaanm| - yogadarzana- 3/2. 53 (ka) pAtaMjala yogasUtra- 1.13. (kha) yogavAsiSTha- 6.2/67/43. " vahI- 1.15. For Personal & Private Use Only

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prayAsa yA abhyAsa kahalAtA hai tathA laukika-alaukika viSayoM ke prati mamatva kA abhAva vairAgya kahalAtA hai| ___ sAMkhya-darzana meM dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki viSayI mana ko nirviSayI banAnA dhyAna kI uccatama avasthA hai|45 ___ viSNupurANa meM anya viSayoM kI ora niHspRha hokara paramAtmatattva ko kendrita karane vAle jJAna kI ekAgratA-viSayaka paramparA ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai| bauddha-paramparAnusAra, dhyAna kA artha kisI viSaya para cintana karanA hai, kintu bAhya-viSayoM kI Asakti se mukta hone ko hI vastutaH dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| dhyAna zabda kI ina vibhinna paribhASAoM se yaha suspaSTa hotA hai ki zabdoM ke dvArA alaga-alaga vyAkhyA-zailI meM dhyAna kI alaga-alaga paribhASAeM hone ke bAvajUda bhI mUla siddhAMtataH ye paribhASAeM eka-dUsare kI virodhI nahIM haiN| citta kA saMkalpa-vikalpa rUpa pariNati se pare hokara nirvikalpa aura nirAkAra ho jAnA hI dhyAna kA zreSThatama svarUpa hai, kyoMki dhyAna kI carama avasthA meM samasta saMkalpa-vikalpa samApta ho jAte haiN| aba, Age hama dhyAna ke svarUpa kI carcA kreNge| dhyAna kA svarUpa - AdhyAtmika kSetra meM praveza karane ke lie dhyAna eka sazakta mAdhyama hai, kyoMki dhyAna se hI AtmA kI zuddhi, kaSAya kI maMdatA, dhyeya vastu para ekAgratA, tanAva se mukti tathA Atmadarzana aura samAdhi saMbhava haiN| kisI jijJAsu ne pUchA ki Akhira dhyAna kyA hai ? dhyAna ke sAmAnya svarUpa ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki citta kI vartamAna paryAya ke prati anAsakta bhAvapUrvaka jo sukhada anubhUti hotI hai, usI kA nAma dhyAna hai| kahA gayA hai mA ciThi mA jaMpaha mA cintaha kiMvi jeNa hoI thiro| appA appami rao iNameva paraM havejjhANaM / / 48 45 sAMkhyadarzana-6/25, maharSi kapila. 48 samantapAsAdikA, pR 145-146. " di sUtra oNva velega, pR 47. 48 (ka) bRhatdravyasaMgraha, gAthA 56. For Personal & Private Use Only

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he bhavyoM ! kucha bhI ceSTA mata karo, kucha bhI mata bolo, kucha bhI cintana mata karo, jisase AtmA nija svarUpa meM sthira ho jAe ; yaha AtmA meM lInatA hI parama dhyAna hai| cetanA meM upayoga kI dhArA sthira, pradIpa kI lau ke samAna eka hI viSaya para sthita rahe aura viSayAntara ko prApta na ho- aisI avasthA ko dhyAna kahate haiN|49 yogabindu grantha aura SoDazakavRtti meM dhyAna ke svarUpa kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki eka padArtha ke Alambana meM rahane vAle citta kA, athavA samAna padArtha meM rahe hue citta kA anya padArtha ke viSaya se rahita jo pravAha hai, vaha dhyAna hai| ___ prastuta grantha meM dhyAna kI paribhASA - jhANajjhayaNa, arthAt dhyAnazataka meM sAmAnyatayA cittavRtti ke sthira hone ko hI dhyAna kahA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, mana kI pariNati jaba ekAgra bana jAtI hai, athavA vaha nirvikalpadazA meM gamana karane lagatI hai, to vahI dhyAna bana jAtI hai| anya zabdoM meM, adhyavasAyoM (manobhAvoM) kI sthiratA ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai| isake viparIta, jaba mana asthiratA evaM caMcalatA se yukta hotA hai, taba cetanA kI isa caMcala-vRtti ko bhAvanA, anuprekSA athavA cintana kahA jAtA hai| (kha) samaNasUtra- 18. 49 upayoge vijaatiiy-prtyyaa'vyvdhaanbhaak| __ zubhaikapratyayo dhyAnaM sUkSmA''bhoga samanvitam / / - dvAtriMzikA, dasavIM kA pahalA. 50 (ka) zubhaikAlambanaM cittaM dhyAnamAhurmanISiNaH / sthira pradIpa saddazaM suukssmaabhogsmnvitm|| - yogabindu, zloka- 362. (kha) ekAlambanaM cittaM ....... ...... || - SoDazakavRtti- 12/14. 51 (ka) jaM thiramajjhavasANaM taM jhANaM jaM calaM tayaM cittaM / taM hojja bhAvaNA vA aNupehA vA ahava cintaa|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 2. (kha) bRhadkalpasUtra, gAthA- 1541/1452. (ga) ekacintAnirodho, yastaddhyAnaM bhAvanAH praaH| anuprekSArthacintA vA dhyaansntaanmucyte|| - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka 66, pR 4. (gha) cintA-bhAvanApUrvakaH sthiro'dhyvsaayH| - dhyAnavicAra, pR 7. (Ga) dhyAnastava, zloka 6. (ca) sthiramadhyavasAnaM .................. cintA vA tastridhAmatam / / - adhyAtmasAra - 16/1. (cha) ekacintAnurodho ................ tjjhairbhyupgmyte|| - jJAnArNava- 23/14, pR 413. 52 saddharmadhyAnasaMdhAnahetavaH shriijineshvraiH| maitrIprabhRtayaH proktAzcatastro bhAvanAH parAH / / - zAntasudhArasa, prakaraNa 13, zloka 1. For Personal & Private Use Only

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isa prakAra, dhyAnazataka meM citta kI caMcalatA ke tIna prakAra mAne gae haiM. bhAvanA 2. anuprekSA aura 3. cintaa| ina tInoM kA paricaya nimna hai1. bhAvanA - jisa vastu kA niraMtara cintana karane se AtmA usase bhAvita hotI hai, use bhAvanA kahate haiN| vidvAnoM kA kathana hai ki anityatva, maitrI Adi bhAvanAeM citta ko dhyAna meM sthira karane ke lie kAraNabhUta banatI haiN|52 2. anuprekSA - kisI anubhUti ke bAda usa para vicAra karanA, athavA kie hue anubhava kA punaH smaraNa karake usake anurUpa cintana-manana karanA, use anuprekSA kahate 3. cintA - cintA, arthAt bhAvanA aura anuprekSA rahita mana kI avsthaa| dhyAna se pUrva vicalita citta se hone vAlA jIvAdi tattvoM kA ciMtana cintA hai|54 cintA, bhAvanA aura anuprekSA- ye tInoM citta kI saMcaraNazIla avasthA meM hotI haiM, jabaki dhyAna citta kI sthira avasthA meM hotA hai| bRhadkalpasUtra meM citta kI tIna avasthAoM kA varNana hai- 1. dhyAnAvasthA 2. dhyAntarikA aura 3. tdvipriit|55 tattvAnuzAsana ke antargata kahA gayA hai ki svasaMvIti se rahita eka cintAtmaka athavA cintA se yukta jo citta kI vRtti hai, usakA abhAva ho jAnA hI cittavRtti-nirodha hai| yaha nirodha hI dhyAna hai tathA usakA abhAva yA svasaMvIti kA abhAva hI cintA hai| 53 (ka) bhAvanA cApyanuprekSA cintA vA tat tridhAmatam / / - adhyAtmasAra, adhyAya- 16. (kha) dhyAnadIpikA, zloka 66. " prastuta sandarbha 'dhyAnavicAra' pustaka se uddhRta, anu.- nainamala surANA, pR. 9. 55 jhANaM niyamA cintA, cintA bhaiyA u tIsu tthaannesu| jhANe tadaMtarammi u, tavivarIyA va jA kaaii|| - bRhadkalpasUtra, gAthA 1641. 56 abhAvo vA nirodhaH syAta sa ca cintAtaravyayaH / For Personal & Private Use Only

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ye tInoM dhyAna kI prAthamika avasthA ke lie atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiM, kyoMki ye bhItara kI azubha pariNati ko rokane meM samartha haiM tathA dhyAna ke abhyAsa meM sahAyakabhUta haiN| yathArtha rUpa se bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI prekSA (zvAsaprekSA Adi) ko hI dhyAna mAna lenA to hamArI bhUla hai| dhyAna ke vikAsa - krama meM anuprekSA aura bhAvanA (yadi zubha adhyavasAya meM sthira svarUpa ho, to ) sahAyakabhUta bhale hI ho sakatI haiM, para citta kI caMcalavRtti rUpa hone se unheM dhyAna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| jisa prakAra zarIra kI svasthatA, mana kI svasthatA ko lakSya meM rakhakara jo yogAsana, prANAyAma kie jAte haiM, ve yoga-sAdhanA nahIM haiM, usI prakAra, granthakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne dhyAnazataka meM cintana yA manana ko dhyAna nahIM mAnA hai| maharSi pataMjali meM citta kI ekAgratA yA cittavRtti ke nirodha ko yoga kahA gayA hai, arthAt mana ko sthira banA denA hI dhyAna hai / " ise jJAtA - draSTAbhAva kI svarUpa sthiti bhI mAnA gayA hai| yaha yoga citta kI zuddha vRttiyoM ke svarUpa kA prakaTIkaraNa karAne vAlA hone se zreSTha yoga hai / dhyAnazataka ke antargata sthira adhyavasAyoM ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai, cAhe ve zubha hoM athavA azubha, isIlie to jainoM ne Artta aura raudra-dhyAna ko bhI dhyAna kahA hai| yadyapi saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hone se unheM azubha dhyAna kI zreNI meM rakhA gayA hai| jaina siddhAntAnusAra citta kI AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa meM ekalayatA athavA ekAgratA hI mokSamArga meM sahAyaka hai aura parapadArthoM meM ekAgratA azubha pravRttirUpa hai| ve azubha adhyavasAya Artta aura raudra-dhyAnarUpa to haiM, kintu ve heya yA tyAjya haiN| 59 bhItara kI zubha yA zuddha pariNati meM citta kI sthiratA zubhadhyAna hai / dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kramazaH zuddhadhyAna haiM, ataH ve svIkAra karane yogya upAdeya haiN| ekacintAtmako yadvA, svasaMviccintayojjhitaH / / tatrAtmanyasahAye ya-ccintAyAH syAnnirodhanam / tad dhyAnam tadabhASo vA svasaMvitimayazca saH / / 57 ' yogazcittavRttinirodhaH / - yogasUtra - 1/2. 58 tadA draSTuH svarUpe'vasthAnam / - yogasUtra 1/3. 59 77 dhyAnazataka, saM. kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA evaM DaoN. suSamA siMghavI, pR. 59. tattvAnuzAsanam 64-65. - For Personal & Private Use Only

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prastuta grantha kI haribhadrIya-TIkA meM dhyAna kI paribhASA - AcArya haribhadra ne dhyAnAdhyayana kI dUsarI gAthA kI TIkA meM mUla grantha kI gAthA kA samarthana karate hue kahA hai ki adhyavasAyoM kI sthiratA dhyAna hai|00 upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne bhI adhyAtmasAra (16/1) meM dhyAna kI isI paribhASA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| jahAM mUla grantha kI dUsarI gAthA kI TIkA meM AcArya haribhadra ne adhyavasAyoM kI asthiratA ko citta-saMjJA dI hai, vahIM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne bhI asthira adhyavasAyoM ko citta-saMjJA dete hue kahA hai ki yaha citta kI asthiratA bhAvanA, anuprekSA aura cintA-rUpa hotI hai| isa prakAra, hama dekhate haiM ki AcArya haribhadra ne apanI TIkA meM aura upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne adhyAtmasAra meM mUla grantha kI dUsarI gAthA ke artha ko hI spaSTa kiyA hai, lekina isa sandarbha meM AcArya haribhadra ne apanI TIkA meM kucha vizeSa carcA kI hai| ve likhate haiM ki 'jo hotI hai' yA 'anubhUta hotI hai', use bhAvanA kahA jAtA hai," athavA jo bhAva kiyA jAtA hai, use hI bhAvanA kahate haiN| AcArya haribhadra kI dRSTi meM dhyAna ke abhyAsa hetu citta kI sakriyatA hI bhAvanA hai| 2 dUsare zabdoM meM, bhAvanA citta kI dhyAnAbhimukha avasthA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne anuprekSA ko dhyAna se bhinna isalie mAnA hai ki anuprekSA dhyAna ke pazcAt, arthAt usake vicalana ke bAda hone vAlI smRti hai, isalie jahAM bhAvanA dhyAnAbhimukhaM hai, vahAM anuprekSA dhyAna ke vicalana yA samApti ke pazcAt utpanna smRti hai,63 sAtha hI unhoMne yaha bhI kahA hai ki citta kI jo vibhinna ceSTAeM haiM, vaha anuprekSA nahIM hai, apitu usake citta meM jo anityAdi bhAvanAeM rahatI haiM, vaha anuprekSA hai| isa prakAra, yahAM citta kI caMcalatA ko anuprekSA se jor3A gayA hai| bhAvanA aura anuprekSA se alaga karate hue AcArya haribhadra ne cintA ko cintana se jor3A hai| isa prakAra, cintA, anuprekSA aura bhAvanA- donoM se bhinna mAnI gaI hai| ve apanI TIkA meM likhate haiM ki mana kI jo 70 yat sthiramadhyavasAnaM tad dhyaanmbhidhiiyte| - dhyAnatazaka, haribhadrIyaTIkA. 61 bhavatIti tatbhavet bhaavnaa| - dhyAnatazaka, haribhadrIyaTIkA- 2. 62 bhAvyata iti bhAvanA dhyAnAbhyAsakriyetyarthaH / - dhyAnatazaka, haribhadrIyaTIkA- 2. 67 smRtirdhyAnAda bhraSTasya cittaceSTetyarthaH / - dhyAnatazaka, haribhadrIyaTIkA- 2. " citrA manaceSTA sA cinteti| - haribhadrIyavRtti, dhyAnazataka, saM. - vijayakIrttiyazasUri, gAthA- 2, pR. 11. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___79 vibhinna ceSTAeM haiM, vahI cintA hai| isa prakAra unhoMne mUla gAthA meM varNita bhAvanA, anuprekSA aura cintA- tInoM ko alaga-alaga karakaM, samajhAyA hai| saMkSipta meM kahA jAe, to jahAM bhAvanA dhyAna ke abhyAsa kI sthiti hai, vahIM anuprekSA dhyAna kI nivRtti ke pazcAt hone vAlI usakI smRti hai| isa prakAra haribhadra kI dRSTi meM, bhAvanA aura anuprekSA- donoM kisI dRSTi se dhyAna ke sAtha jur3I huI haiM, kintu citta kI vibhinna ceSTAoM ko cintA kahakara AcArya haribhadra ne use dhyAna ke viparIta sthiti mAnA hai aura yaha kahA hai ki cintA pUrvokta donoM prakAroM se bhinna hai, vaha vastutaH citta kI sakriyatA yA caMcalatA hai| chadmastha aura jinezvara ke dhyAna kA varNana - chadmastha athavA sAMsArika-prANiyoM kA eka viSaya para mana jyAdA-se-jyAdA antarmuhUrttakAla - (do ghar3I ke aMdara) taka sthira ho sakatA hai| unameM yoga, arthAt mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti ko pUrNataH rokane kI zakti nahIM hotI hai, jabaki kevalajJAniyoM (ayogI-avasthA) meM mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika-yogoM kI pravRtti kA nirodha karane kI pUrNa kSamatA hotI hai, ataH ve yoganirodharUpa dhyAna karate haiN| sAmAnya vyakti kI cittavRtti kA bahuta se dhyeyoM yA viSayoM meM bAra-bAra saMkramita hone se unake dhyAna kA krama TUTatA rahatA hai| unake lie 48 minaTa (47 minaTa se adhika) cittavRtti kI sthiratA sambhava nahIM hotI hai, ataH vaha sImita kAla kA dhyAna chadmasthoM kA dhyAna kahalAtA hai| jinezvaroM kA dhyAna (sayogI guNasthAna vAle) to sampUrNa, arthAt sUkSmayoga nirodharUpa hotA hai, ataH yAvat jIvana hotA hai| ayogI kevalI zailezIkaraNa kI avasthA ko prApta hote haiN| ___ adhyAtmasAra ke solahaveM 'dhyAnAdhikAra' ke antargata upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne bhI yahI kahA hai ki chadmastha vyakti adhika-se-adhika kisI eka padArtha para apane dhyAna ko antarmuhUrttakAla (48 miniTa ke andara kI avadhi) taka hI sthira kara sakatA 65 (ka) aMtomuttamettaM cittAvatthANamegavatthumi / chaumatthANaM jhANaM joganiroho jiNANaM tu / / antomuhuttaparao ciMtAjhANaMtaraM va hojjaahi| suciraMpi hojja bahuvatthusaMkame jhaannsNtaanno|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 3/4. (kha) bhagavatIsUtra- 25/6, gAthA 770. (ga) yogazAstra- 4/155. For Personal & Private Use Only

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hai, tatpazcAt usakA citta calAyamAna ho jAtA hai, kisI dUsare padArtha, athavA viSaya meM .calA jAtA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri aura siddhasenagaNi apanI-apanI TIkAoM meM isI abhiprAya kA samarthana karate hue kahate haiM ki kisI eka vastu yA viSaya kA Azraya lene vAlI jo sthira cittavRtti hai, usakA nAma dhyAna hai, jo sirpha chadmasthoM meM hotI hai, kevaliyoM meM nahIM, kyoMki kevaliyoM (ayogI) kA dhyAna to citta kA abhAva, arthAt mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM ke pUrNa nirodhasvarUpa hai| ____ dhyAnavicAra meM bhI isI mAnyatA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| dhyAnadIpikA nAmaka grantha meM bhI jinezvara bhagavantoM ne eka vastu yA viSaya ke prati citta ko kendrita karane ko dhyAna kahA hai| dRr3ha saMhanana vAle zramaNa kA bhI dhyAna antarmuhUrta (48 miniTa ke aMdara, arthAt do se lekara 48 miniTa meM eka samaya kama taka kA kAla antarmuhUrta 66 (ka) muhUrtA'ntarbhaved dhyAna-mekArthe manasaH sthitiH| bahyarthasaGakrame dIrghA-'pyacchinnA dhyaansnttiH|| - adhyAtmasAra, adhyAya 16, zloka-2. (kha) yogapradIpa- 138. (ga) AmuhUrtAt, tattvArthasUtra- 9/28. (gha) sugamaM caitannavaraM- dhyAtayo dhyAnAni antamuhUrttamAtraM kAlaM cittsthirtaalkssnnaani| - sthAnAMgasUtravRttau. (Ga) yogazAstra- 11/11. 67 (ka) tttvaarthaadhigm-bhaassyaanusaarinnii| - haribhadra va siddhasenavRtti 9-27. (kha) dhyAnavicAra. dRr3hasaMhananasyApi muneraantrmuhuurtikm| dhyAnamAhurathaikAgra cintArodho jinottamAH / / chadmasthAnAM tu yaddhyAnaM bhvedaantrmuhuurtikm| yogarodho jinendrANAM dhyAna krmoghghaatkm|| - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 64-65. muhUrtAntarmanaH sthairya, dhyAna chdmsthyoginaam| dharmyazuklaM ca tad dvedhA, yogrodhstvyoginaam|| - yogazAstra, prakAza- 4, zloka- 115. For Personal & Private Use Only

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1 kahalAtA hai) taka hI sthira rahatA hai / chadmasthoM kA dhyAna antarmuhUrta aura jinezvaroM kA dhyAna sampUrNa karmasamUha ke nAzarUpa trividha yogoM ke nirodharUpa hotA hai| 68 AcArya hemacaMdra dvArA viracita yogazAstra meM bhI isI bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai| eka Alambana meM antarmuhUrta paryanta mana kI sthiratA - yaha chadmastha yogiyoM kA dhyAna hai / vaha dhyAna dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna, arthAt donoM prakAra kA ho sakatA hai| ayogI (caudahaveM guNasthAnavartI jIvoM) kA dhyAna to yoga kA nirodharUpa hI hotA hai| 9 yogazAstra kI svopajJa vyAkhyA evaM usake hindI anuvAda meM usake anuvAdakartA munizrI padmavijayajI ne kahA hai- "vaha dharmadhyAna dasa prakAra ke dharmoM se yukta, athavA dazavidha dharmoM se prApta karane yogya hai aura zukladhyAna samasta karmamala ko kSaya karane vAlA hone se zukla, ujjvala, pavitra aura nirmala hai| kahA gayA hai zucaM duHkhaM klamayati nazyatIti zuklam, arthAt zuc yAnI duHkha ke kAraNabhUta ATha prakAra ke karmoM kA jo nAza karatA hai, vaha zukladhyAna hai| sayogakevalI ko to mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yoga kA nirodha karanA yA nigraha karanA hotA hai / sayogakevalI ko yoga ke nirodha ke samaya hI dhyAna hotA hai, isake atirikta dhyAna nahIM hotA / sayogIkevalI kucha kama pUrvakoTi taka mana, vacana aura kAyA yoga (vyApAra) yukta hI vicaraNa karate haiM, usa samaya unheM dhyAna kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rahatI hai, kyoMki ve nirvikalpa - dazA meM hI rahate haiN| ve kevala nirvANa ke samaya meM yoga kA nirodha karate haiN| 70 81 dhyAnazataka ke 'joga niroho jiNANaM tu' nAmaka pada kA spaSTIkaraNa vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM bahuta hI sundara rUpa se kiyA gayA hai, yathA- zarIra ke saMyoga se ro iha dvaye dhyAtAraH sayogA ayoginazca / sayogA api dvividhAH - chadmasthAH kevalinazca / tatra chadmasthayoginAm dhyAnasya lakSaNametad yadutAntarmuhUrta kAlamekasminnAlambane cetasaH sthitiH tacca chadmasthayoginAm dhyAnam dvedhA-dharmyaM zuklaM ca / tatra dharmAd dazavidhAnapetam dharmeNa prApyaM vA dharmyam / zuklaM zuci nirmalaM sakalakarmamalakSayahetutvAt / yadvA zug duHkhaM tatkAraNam vA'STavidhaM karma, zucaM klamayatIti zuklam / ayoginAM tu ayogi kevalinAM dhyAna yoganirodhaH yogAnAM manovAkkAyAnAM nirodho nigrahaH / sayogikevalinAM tu yoganirodhakAla evaM dhyAnasambhava iti pRthag noktam, te hi dezonapUrvakoTIM yAvanmanovAkkAyavyApArayuktA eva viharanti / apavargakAle tu yoganirodha kurvntiiti|| 115 / / - yogazAstre - 4/115. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___82 hone vAlA jIva kA vyavahAra yoga kahA jAtA hai, vAcAdi bhI usake hI Azrita hotA hai tathA zarIra, vAcA aura mana-dravya se yukta jIva kA jo vyApAra hai, vaha manoyoga hai| yaha manoyoga kevalI-chadmastha ko hI hotA hai| kevalI to yoga nirodha rUpa hI dhyAna karate haiM, kyoMki ve nirvikalpa hote haiN| dhyAna ke prakAra ArtadhyAna raudradhyAna dharmadhyAna zukladhyAna 1. aniSTa saMyojaka 2. iSTa viyojaka 3. pIr3A cintana 4. nidAna ArtadhyAna 1. hiMsAnanda 2. mRSAnanda 3. cauryAnanda 4. parigrahAnanda 1. pRthaktvavitarka savicAra 2. ekatvavitarka avicAra 3. sUkSmakriyA pratipAtI 4. vyucchinnakriyApratipAtI AjJAvicaya apAyavicaya vipAkavicaya saMsthAnavicaya sAlambana nirAlambana - T T padastha piNDastha rUpastha rUpAtIta " ahavA taNujogA. gADi ... neyaM jao tennN|| - vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 364-65. For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAnazataka meM dhyAna ke cAra prakAra - jainAgamoM ko tIrthakara-praNIta mAnA jAtA hai| ye Agama hI zAstra tathA sUtra ityAdi ke nAmoM se jAne jAte haiN| tIrthakaroM dvArA bhASita yaha jJAna artharUpa arthAt vicArarUpa hotA hai| ve mAtra upadeza dete the| prajJAvAn gaNadhara bhagavantoM dvArA isako suvyavasthita kara granthabaddha yA sUtrabaddha kiyA jAtA thaa| ye grantha hI Aja Agama ke nAma se pracalita haiN| jina granthoM ko Aja hama Agama ke nAma se jAnate haiM, ve hI prAcInakAla meM 'gaNipiTaka' ke nAma se bhI jAne jAte the| gaNipiTaka meM samasta dvAdazAMgI samAhita ho jAtI hai| isa dvAdazAMgI ke kartA gaNadhara mAne jAte haiN| ve tIrthakaroM ke vacanoM ke AdhAra para hI granthoM kI racanA karate haiN| inhIM aMga-AgamoM ke AdhAra para hI paravartI AcAryoM ne upAMga, mUla, cheda ityAdi aneka prakAra ke granthoM kI racanA kI hai| dhyAnazataka ke lekhaka bhASyakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne dhyAnazataka ke antargata cAra dhyAnoM kA bahuta hI mArmika, sarala tathA savistAra varNana kiyA hai, kintu usakA AdhAra Agama aura vizeSa rUpa se sthAnAMgasUtra hai| jaisA pUrva meM kahA jA cukA hai ki adhyavasAyoM kI sthiratA yA mana ke dvArA kisI eka viSaya kA Alambana lekara usa para cittavRtti ko keMdrita karane ko dhyAna kahate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM, mana, vacana aura kAyA kI caMcalatA kI samApti hI dhyAna hai| sAmAnya taura para dhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiM- 1. ArttadhyAna 2. raudradhyAna dharmadhyAna tathA 4. shukldhyaan| prathama tathA dvitIya- ye do dhyAna aprazasta tathA zeSa do dhyAna prazasta mAne gae haiN| 72 naMdIsUtra, gAthA 40. 7 pramANanayatattvAloka- 4/1. aTuM rUddhaM dhamma sukkaM jhANAi tattha aNtaaii| nivvANasAhaNAiM bhvkaarnnmtttth-ruuddhaaiN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 5. 75 (ka) cattArijhANA paNNattA, taM jahA-aTTejhANe, roddejhANe, dhammejhANe, sukkejhANe - sthAnAMga, sthAna . caturtha, uddezaka 1, sUtra- 60, pR 222. (kha) Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 1495. (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, zataka- 25, uddezaka 7, 509-513. (gha) samavAyAMgasUtra, samavAya 32, pR. 93. (Ga) AvazyakacUrNi, pratikramaNAdhyAya, jinadAsagaNi mahattara, pR. 50. (ca) aupapAtikasUtra- 30, pR. 49-50. (cha) sUtrakRtAMgasUtra- 1/8/26. For Personal & Private Use Only

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aprazasta dhyAna sAdhanA ke lie anupayogI tathA vyavadhAnAtmaka haiM, kyoMki ve saMsAravRddhi kA kAraNa haiM, jabaki prazasta dhyAna mukti ke hetu haiN| yahAM unakA jo ullekha huA hai, vaha isa bAta ko lakSya meM rakhakara huA hai ki Arta aura raudra-dhyAna azubha haiM, rAgadveSajanita haiM tathA bandhana ke hetu haiM, ataH unakA parityAga karake sAdhaka ko dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI sAdhanA karanA cAhie, kyoMki zubha ke mAdhyama se zuddha dazA ko prApta kara sAdhaka apane nirdhArita lakSya ko prApta kara sakatA hai|" yahAM do prazasta dhyAnoM ke sAtha-sAtha do aprazasta dhyAnoM ko samajhanA bhI jarUrI hai| dhyAnadIpikA meM kahA gayA hai- rAga-dveSa chor3akara samatAvAn muni jisa vastu kA cintana kare, arthAt dhyAna kare, vaha dhyAna acchA (zubha) mAnA jAtA hai, kintu Arta aura raudra-dhyAna duHkhayukta haiM, janma-maraNa kA kAraNa haiM, isalie azubha mAne jAte haiN| yahAM eka bAta aura samajha sakate haiM ki vizva meM tIna prakAra ke padArtha hote haiMheya 2. jJeya aura 3. upaadey| jagat ke samagra jAnane yogya padArtha jJeya haiN| jo padArtha AtmA ko vikAragrasta kareM, arthAt kaSAyavRddhi kA kAraNa baneM, ve chor3ane yogya padArtha heya haiM, jabaki AtmakalyANa yA AtmotkarSa meM sahayogI padArtha upAdeya yA grahaNa karane yogya mAne jAte sAdhaka jJeya ko jAnakara, upAdeya ko grahaNa kara heya kA parityAga kre| sthAnAMgasUtra kI TIkA meM ina cAroM dhyAnoM kI paribhASA isa prakAra hai ArtadhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki ArtadhyAna duHkhapUrvaka hai, athavA duHkha ke nimitta se hotA hai, kyoMki bhaya se pIr3ita vyakti ArttadhyAna karatA hai, jabaki raudradhyAna duSTa adhyavasAya hai| jisa vRtti meM hiMsA aura atyadhika krodha hotA hai, vaha 76 (ka) Arta raudraM ca dharma ca zuklaM ceti caturvidham / tat syAd bhedAviha dvau dvau kAraNa bhavamokSayoH / / - dhyAnAdhikAra, adhyAtmasAra, zloka- 3. (kha) prazastamaprazastaM ca dhyAna saMsmaryate dvidhaa| ___ zubhAzubhAbhisaMdhAnAt pratyeka tadvaya dvidhA / / - AdipurANa, parva- 21, zloka 27. (ga) ArtaraudraparityAgAd, dharmazuklasamAzrayAt / jIvaH prApnoti nirvANa-manantasukhamacyutam / / " aTTha rUddhANi vajjitA, jhAejjA susmaahie| dhammasukkAiM jhANAI, jhANaM taM tu buhAvae / / - uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 30/35. rAgadveSau zamI muktvA yadayadvastu viciNtyet| tatprazastaM mataM dhyAnaM raudrAdhyaM caaprshstkm|| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa 4, zloka 67. For Personal & Private Use Only

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raudradhyAna kI vRtti kahI jAtI hai| zAstroM ke anusAra AdezoM kA paripAlana karanA dharmadhyAna hai aura jisako nimitta se aSTa prakAra ke karmamaloM kI vizuddhi hotI hai, vaha hI zukladhyAna kahalAtA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra kI TIkA tathA samavAyAMgasUtra ke anusAra, antarmuhUrttakAla taka citta kI ekAgratA athavA yoganirodha ko dhyAna kahate haiN| yaha ekAgratA jaba iSTaviyoga, aniSTa saMyoga Adi ke hone para usase chuTakArA pAne ke artha meM hotI hai, taba use ArtadhyAna kahate haiM aura jaba yahI ekAgratA hiMsAdi pApa-pravRttiyoM meM sthita ho jAtI hai, taba vaha raudradhyAnarUpa bana jAtI hai| jaba vaha ekAgratA dAna, dayA, paropakAra, jinAjJA ke pAlana meM pravRtta ho jAtI hai, taba vaha dharmadhyAna kahalAtI hai aura jaba vahI ekAgratA sarva zubha-azubha bhAvoM se nivRtta hokara ekamAtra zuddha caitanyasvarUpa athavA nirvikalpa sthiti meM sthita ho jAtI hai, taba use zukladhyAna kahate haiN|80 AcArya jinadAsagaNi mahattara ne AvazyakacUrNi ke pratikramaNAdhyayana ke antargata mAtra eka hI gAthA meM Artta Adi cAroM hI dhyAnoM ke svarUpa kA bahuta hI sAragarbhita varNana kiyA hai| gAthA kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha gAthA saMskRta aura prAkRta-bhASA meM sammizrita hai aura bahuta hI sundara hai hiMsANuraMjitaM raudra, aTuM kaamaannurNjitN| dhammANuraMjitaM dhamma, zuklaM jhANaM niraMjaNaM / / 19 sthAnAMgaTIkA, adhyAya 4, prathama uddezaka kI TIkA, prastuta saMdarbha abhidhAna rAjendrakoza, bhAga ___4, pR. 1661. (r) antarmuhUrta yAvaccittasyaikAgratA yoganirodhazca dhyAnam / tatrArta manojJAmanojJeSu vastuSu viyogasaMyogAdinibandhanacittaviklavalakSaNam, raudraM hiMsAnRtacauryadhanasaMrakSaNAbhisandhAnalakSaNam, dharmyamAjJAdipadArthasvarUpaparyAlocanaikAgratA, zuklaM pUrvagatazrutAlambanena manaso'tyantasthiratA yoganirodhazceti / / 4 / / - samavAyAMga - prastuta gadya sanmArga prakAzana 'dhyAnazataka' pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 17. For Personal & Private Use Only

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hiMsA se anuraMjita (raMgA huA) dhyAna raudradhyAna aura kAmanAoM se anuraMjita dhyAna ArtadhyAna kahalAtA hai| dharma se anuraMjita dhyAna dharmadhyAna hai aura zukladhyAna pUrNa niraMjanasvarUpa hotA hai|91 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM dhyAna ke sAmAnya lakSaNoM kI carcA karane ke pazcAt dhyAna ke jina cAra prakAroM kA varNana hai, ve isa prakAra haiM1. ArtadhyAna 2. raudradhyAna 3. dharmadhyAna aura 4. zukladhyAna / saMkSepa meM, dhyAna ke cAroM prakAroM ko alaga-alaga rUpa meM isa prakAra se paribhASita kiyA gayA hai1. ArtadhyAna - duHkha ko prakaTa karane vAlA evaM duHkha kI paramparA ko calAne vAlA jo dhyAna hai, vaha ArtadhyAna hai| aniSTa viSayoM kI prApti duHkharUpa hai| AMkha, nAka, kAna vagairaha kI vedanA duHkharUpa hai| iSTa-viSayoM kA viyoga bhI duHkharUpa hai tathA mana kI azubha avasthA se nidAna hotA hai, ataH nidAna bhI duHkharUpa hai| 2. raudradhyAna - dUsaroM ko rulAnA raudradhyAna hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, jo duHkha kA hetu hai, usa hetu se jo kI jAne vAlI prakriyA hai , vaha raudradhyAna hai, jaise- prANI ko prANa kA viyoga karanA aura bandhana meM rakhanA, usa pariNati vAlI AtmA raudradhyAnI kahalAtI hai| 3. dharmadhyAna - kSamA vagairaha jo dasa prakAra ke yatidharma haiM, una yatidharmoM se yukta jo dhyAna hai, vaha dharmadhyAna hai| 4. zukladhyAna - zuci yAnI nirml| samasta karmoM kA kSaya ho jAne se yaha dhyAna nirmala kahalAtA hai| zuca, yAnI duHkha yA aSTa prakAra ke karmoM ko dUra karane vAlA dhyAna zukladhyAna hai| pravacana-sAroddhAra kI vRtti meM bhI dhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana hai| duHkha-viSayaka cittadhArA ArtadhyAna hai| yaha ArttadhyAna cAra bhedoM vAlA hai| 81 AvazyakacUrNi, jinadAsagaNi mahattara, prastuta saMdarbha dhyAnazataka (sanmArga prakAzana) se uddhRta, pR. 17. 4 Artta-raudra-dharmya-zuklAni - tattvArthasiddhavRttau, gAthA 29. pAyacchitaM viNao veyAvaccaM taheva sjjhaao| jhANaM ussaggo'vi ca abhiMtarao tavo hoi|| - pravacanasAroddhAra, gAthA 271. aura For Personal & Private Use Only

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81 1. aniSTa zabda, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparzAdi para-padArthoM ke viyoga kI cintA, athavA bhAvIkAla meM inakA saMyoga na hone kI cintA- yaha aniSTa saMyoga nAmaka prathama bheda vAlA ArttadhyAna hai| 2. zUla, siradarda Adi vedanA ke viyoga kI cintA, athavA bhAvIkAla meM vedanA prApta na ho- aisI cintA 'vedanA' nAmaka dvitIya bheda vAlA ArttadhyAna hai| 3. iSTa zabdAdi viSayoM kI tathA sAtA-vedanIya kA viyoga na ho aura usakA saMyoga banA rahe- aisI cintA 'iSTasaMyoga' nAmaka tRtIya bheda vAlA ArtadhyAna hai| 4. devendra, cakravartI Adi ke sukhoM kI abhilASA- yaha 'nidAna' nAmaka caturtha bheda vAlA . ArttadhyAna hai| dUsaroM ko jo rUlAnA hai- vaha raudradhyAna hai| yAnI, prANiyoM kI hiMsA Adi pariNAmoM se pariNata AtmA raudrI kahalAtI hai, aisI AtmA kI kriyA, athavA vyApAra- vaha raudradhyAna hai| isa prakAra dhyAna ke bhI cAra bheda haiM1. prANiyoM kA vadha karanA, chedana-bhedana karanA, jakar3akara bAMdhanA, jalAnA, aMga-aMkana ityAdi citta kA praNidhAna- vaha raudradhyAna kA pahalA bheda hai| 2. cugalI karanA, asabhya vacana bolanA, corI vagairaha kA Aropa lagAnA, jina vacanoM se prANa kA ghAta hotA hai- aise vacana bolanA, ityAdi citta kA praNidhAna- vaha raudradhyAna kA dUsarA bheda hai| 3. atyanta krodha tathA lobha se yukta hokara prANiyoM kA nAza karane meM tatpara, paraloka ke duHkhoM se nirapekSa, paradravya-haraNa ke citta kA praNidhAna- vaha raudradhyAna kA tIsarA bheda hai| 4. zaMkA-AzaMkA se yukta (dhana-haraNa viSayaka cintA) paramparA se nukasAna karane meM tatpara, aisA zabdAdi viSayoM kA sAdhanabhUta (paise vagairaha) dhana kA saMrakSaNa karane meM citta kA praNidhAna- vaha raudradhyAna kA cauthA bheda hai| kSamAdi dasa yatidharmoM se yukta jo dhyAna hai, vaha dharmadhyAna hai| prastuta dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM1. sarvajJa prabhu kI AjJA kA cintana / 2. rAga, dveSa, kaSAya aura indriyoM ke parAdhIna AtmAoM ke duHkhoM kI vicaarnnaa| navatattva-prakaraNa, gAthA- 36. For Personal & Private Use Only

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42 cAra dhyAnAM ke zubhatva aura azubhatva kA prazna - jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM nirdeza kiyA hai ki dhyAnazataka ke antargata cAroM dhyAnoM meM ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna azubha mAne gae haiM aura dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna zubha mAne gae haiM,88 kyoMki ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna saMsAra-paribhramaNa evaM karmabandha ke hetu haiM aura karmabandha kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa se yukta pravRtti hai| ye karmabandha ke hetu haiM, isakI vizeSa carcA hama Age kreNge| sAmAnyatayA, jainadarzana meM jo bandhana ke hetu haiM, unheM azubha hI mAnA jAtA hai, ataH ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna ko azubha mAnane meM koI samasyA nahIM hai, kintu dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna meM zukladhyAna to nizcaya hI nirjarA kA hetu hai aura isa prakAra karmabandha aura saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa nahIM hai, kintu dharmadhyAna meM zubhakarmoM kA bandha to mAnA gayA hai aura zubhakarmoM kA bandha hone se vaha saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa bhI banatA hai| isa dRSTi se yadi dekheM, to dharmadhyAna bhI azubha mAnA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki vaha karmabandha evaM saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA hetu bhI hotA hai| phira bhI, hameM yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA hogA ki dharmadhyAna puNyabandha kA hI hetu hai| jaina-karmasiddhAnta meM karmoM kI donoM prakAra kI pravRttiyAM mAnI gaI haiM1. puNya-prakRti aura 2. paap-prkRti| inheM puNyabandha aura pApabandha bhI kaha sakate haiM, kintu yahAM vicAraNIya prazna yaha hai ki pApa-pravRttiyAM ghAtI-karmoM ko hI hotI haiM, ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna bandha ke hetu hone ke sAtha-sAtha ve pApa-prakRtiyoM kA hI bandha karate haiM, isalie ina donoM dhyAnoM ko azubha hI mAnA gayA hai| dharmadhyAna meM karmoM kA aTai rUI dhamma sukkaM, jhANAi tattha aNtaaii| nivvANasAhaNAiM, bhvkaarnnmtttt-ruuddaaiN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 5. prazastamaprazastaM ca dhyAnasaMsmaryate dvidhaa| zubhAzubhAbhisaMdhAnAt pratyeka tadadvaya dvidhA / / - AdipurANa, parva 21, zloka 27. (ga) dvau dvau kAraNa bhvmokssyoH| - adhyAtmasAra, adhyAya 16, zloka 3. (gha) rAgadvaiSau zamI muktvA yadyadvavastu viciNtyet|| tatprazastaM mataM dhyAnaM raudrAdhyaM caaprshstkm|| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa 4, zloka 61. (Ga) dhyAna-vicAra. (ca) dhyAnazataka :eka paricayaH jainadharma-darzana evaM saMskRti, bhAga 7, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 45. 89 karmasiddhAnta pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 7. 0 yogasAra, bandhAdhikAra, gAthA 2. For Personal & Private Use Only

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bandha to sambhava hai, tIrthakara - nAmakarma jaisI puNya - prakRti kA bandha bhI dharmadhyAna se hI hotA hai, kintu tIrthakara - nAmakarmarUpI puNya - prakRti azubha to nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai / " nAmakarma meM tIrthakara nAmakarma kA viziSTa sthAna hai, ataH usake bandha ke bhI viziSTa kAraNa haiN| unakA varNana jJAtAdharma meM kiyA gayA hai / 2 dharmadhyAna cAhe puNya - prakRti kA bandha karatA ho, kintu vaha zubha kA hI bandha karatA hai| dUsare, ye puNya - prakRtiyAM bhI AMzika rUpa se saMvara aura nirjarA kA bhI hetu hotI haiM aura isa dRSTi se ye jIva ke saMsAra - paribhramaNa ko kama bhI karatI haiN| yahAM hameM eka bAta aura dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki pApa - prakRti kA kSaya karanA hotA hai, jabaki puNya - prakRti svataH hI kSaya ho jAtI hai, isalie ve dIrgha saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA kAraNa to kabhI nahIM ho sakatIM, ataH dharmadhyAna ke zubhatva meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai / zukladhyAna mUlataH to zuddha AtmasvarUpa kA dhyAna hai / vaha na to karmabandha kA hetu banatA hai aura na hI saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hotA hai| vaise to zukladhyAna zuddhadhyAna hai, kintu sAmAnya apekSA se saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA anta karane vAlA tathA mokSa kA hetu hone ke kAraNa use zubha kahA gayA hai, phira bhI hameM yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki mukti to kevala zukladhyAna se hI sambhava hai, vaha nitAnta zubha yA zuddha hai| dharmadhyAna zukladhyAna meM sAdhana banatA hai, isalie vaha zubha kahA jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna kI sthiti meM jahAM eka ora puNya - prakRti kA bandha hotA hai, vahIM dUsarI ora vaha saMvara aura nirjarA kA 91 (ka) sadvedyazubhAyurnAmagotrANi puNyaM / tattvArthasUtra - 8/25. (kha) arahaMta - siddha-pavayaNa - gurU -thera - bahussue tavassIsu / vacchalayA ya tesiM abhikkhANANovaogeya / / 1 / / daMsaNa viNae Avassae ya sIlavvae niraiyAraM / ravaNa lava tavacciyAe veyAvacce samAhIya / / 2 / / avvANagahaNe suyabhattI pavayaNe prabhAvaNayA / eehiM kAraNehiM titthayaretaM lahai jIvo / / 3 / / - (ga) aMgaM na gurU na lahuaM jAyai jIvassa aguruulhuudyaa| tittheNa tihuaNassavi pujjo se udaokevaliNo / / 92 - jJAtAdharmasUtra, adhyAya 8, sUtra 64. (gha) vanna caukka gurU lahu paraghA ussAsa AyavujjoaM / subhakhagai nimiNatasadasa suranaratiriAu titthayaraM / / pare mokSa hetU / - tattvArthasUtra - 9 / 3. prathama karmagrantha, gAthA 47. navatattvaprakaraNa, gAthA 16. For Personal & Private Use Only 90

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hetu bhI hotA hai, jabaki zukladhyAna to ekAntarUpa se saMvara aura nirjarA kA hetu hone se mokSa kA carama sAdhaka mAnA gayA hai, ataH use zuddhadhyAna bhI kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra, saMkSepa meM kaheM, to ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna vastutaH azubha-dhyAna haiM, dharmadhyAna puNyabandha kI apekSA se nizcaya ke anusAra cAhe azubha kahA jAe, kintu vaha bhI mokSa kA hetu hone se aura zukladhyAna kI pUrvavartI avasthA hone se zubha hI hai| zukladhyAna kA zubhatva kevala karmo kI nirjarA aura mokSa kA hetu hone se vyavahAra-naya se hI mAnA gayA hai| mUlataH to vaha zuddhadhyAna hai| usameM saMvara aura nirjarA hI ghaTita hote haiM, karmabandha nahIM haiN| ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna bandhana ke hetu jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM ullekha kiyA ki cAroM dhyAnoM meM ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna saMsAra-paribhramaNa yA bandhana ke hetu haiM aura dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna mukti ke hetu haiN| yadyapi dharmadhyAna meM bandhana kI sambhAvanA hai, kintu vaha zubhakarmoM kA hI bandha karatA hai, isalie antataH nirjarA meM sahAyaka hokara mukti kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai, ataH saMsAra ke paribhramaNa ke kAraNa to ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna hI haiN| yaha paribhramaNa karmabandha ke binA nahIM ho sakatA, isalie yaha suspaSTa hai ki ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna- ye karmabandha ke hetu haiN| ye karmabandha ke hetu kyoM haiM ? ise samajhane ke lie hameM yaha jAna lenA hogA ki ArtadhyAna mukhyataH rAga evaM aMzataH dveSa ke kAraNa hI hotA hai, jabaki raudradhyAna mukhyataH dveSa ke kAraNa hI hotA hai| rAga-dveSa se kaSAya utpanna hotI haiM, unameM lobha aura mAna rAgarUpa haiM aura krodha aura mAyA dveSarUpa haiN|93 kaSAyapAhuDa meM ina cAroM hI kaSAyoM ko dveSarUpa kahA gayA hai, kyoMki ye saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa haiN|94 9 ThANaM, sthAna- 2, sUtra 3637, pR. 42. kaSAyacUrNi, adhyAya 1, gAthA 21, sUtra 19. dazavaikAlika- 8/40. For Personal & Private Use Only

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dazavaikAlikasUtra" meM kahA gayA hai - "anigrahita krodha aura mAna tathA vRddhigata mAyA aura lobha- ye cAroM kaSAya punarjanmarUpI vRkSa kA siMcana karatI haiM, duHkha kA kAraNa haiM, ataH samAdhi kA sAdhaka unheM tyAga de|" uttarAdhyayana" meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki rAga aura dveSa- ye karma ke bIja haiN| hai|7 jaise jaina-darzana meM rAga, dveSa aura moha bandhana ke mUlabhUta kAraNa mAne gae haiM, vaise hI bauddha paramparA meM lobha (rAga), dveSa aura moha ko bandhana kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, ye bandhana ke hetu haiN| anya dRSTi se vicAra kareM, to tattvArthasUtra meM bandhana ke pAMca hetu mAne gae haiM - 1. mithyAtva 2. avirati 3. pramAda 4. kaSAya aura 5. yoga / ,98 96 AcArya kundakunda ne pramAda ko kaSAya meM samAhita karate hue bandhana ke cAra kAraNa mAne haiM 00 - 1. mithyAtva 2. avirati 3. kaSAya aura 4. yoga / uparyukta pAMca kAraNoM meM vastutaH mithyAtva, avirati aura pramAda - ye kaSAyajanya haiM, kyoMki kaSAya kI sattA ke binA ye nahIM hote haiM, ataH vastutaH bandhana ke do hI kAraNa haiM- - 1. kaSAya aura 2. yoga / zarIra, vANI aura mana kI pravRtti ko, yoga aura krodhAdi mAnasika - Avega ko kaSAya kahA gayA hai / yoga cAhe Azrava kA hetu hoM, kintu ve kaSAya ke binA sthiti kA bandha karane meM samartha nahIM hote haiM, ataH mUlataH bandhana kA hetu kaSAya hI haiN| jahAM kaSAya hai, vahAM karmabandha hai aura jahAM karmabandha hai, vahAM saMsAra - paribhramaNa hai| jahAM saMsAra - paribhramaNa hai, 97 sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki rAga aura dveSa kI utpatti Asakti ke dvArA hotI 98 (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 33/7. (kha) prazamarati, gAthA 31. duvihA mucchA pannatA I 92 - aMguttaranikAya - 3 / 33, pR. 37. * (ka) tattvArthasUtra - 8 / 1. (kha) isibhAsiya - 9 / 5. (ga) samavAyAMga - 4/5. 100 samayasAra 171. ThANaM, sthAna- 2, sUtra 432. For Personal & Private Use Only

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vahAM duHkha hai| 101 jainAgamoM meM rAga- - dveSa ke janya krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ityAdi malIna manovRttiyoM ko kaSAya kI saMjJA dI gaI hai|' 102 kaSAya zabda kA artha kasanA yA lipta karanA hai / jo AtmazaktiyoM ko kRza karatI hai, yA AtmA ko karmoM se lipta karatI hai, use kaSAya kahate haiN| 103 mukhya rUpa se kaSAya zabda kA upayoga krodhAdi kI vRtti ke lie hI huA hai / " prAcInatama Agama AcArAMgasUtra ke antargata uparyukta donoM arthoM meM kaSAya zabda kA prayoga hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM eka sthAna para kaTuvacana ke lie bhI kaSAya zabda kA prayoga hai 105 AcArAMgasUtra kI vRtti meM zIlAMkAcArya ne kaSAya zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra se kI hai- kaSa arthAt saMsAra aura Aya arthAt vRddhi yA laabh| jisase saMsAra kI vRddhi hotI hai, vaha kaSAya hai / jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA yaha mantavya hai 100 - du:khoM kI mUla jar3a kaSAya hai| jisase duHkhoM kI prApti hotI hai, vaha kaSAya hai| rAjavArttikakAra ne kahA hai- 'jo AtmA kA hanana kare, jo AtmA ko patana kI ora kumArga tathA kugati meM le jAe, vaha kaSAya hai / uparyukta uddharaNoM se yaha suspaSTa hai ki mUlataH kaSAya hI bandhana kA mukhya hetu hai / jainAgamoM meM bandhana kI cAra sthitiyAM batAI gaI haiM- 1. pradeza-bandhana prakRti-bandhana 3. sthiti -bandhana 4. anubhAga - bandhana | 107 ina cAroM meM bhI sthiti -bandha aura anubhAga - bandha (bandhana kI tIvratA ) ye donoM kaSAya kI upasthiti meM hI hote haiM, kyoMki ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna- donoM meM kaSAya yA rAga-dveSa kI sattA rahI huI hai| sAmAnya taura se kaSAya ke aneka rUpa ho sakate haiM, kintu moTe taura para usake do rUpa haiM- rAga aura dveSa / rAga-dveSajanita zArIrika evaM mAnasika - pravRttiyAM hI karmabandha 101 jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra- darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, bhAga- 1, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 294. 102 samavAo, samavAya 4, sUtra - 1. 103 Na titte, Na kaDUe, Na kasAe / - AyAro, adhyayana 5, uddezaka 6, sUtra 130. * AyAro, adhyayana 8. uddezaka 6, sUtra 105. 104 106 appege paliyaMtesi 106 kasAe payague kiccA 107 -1 ..bAlA kasAyavayaNehiM / - sUtrakRtAMga, adhyayana 3 uddezaka 1, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 2978. gAthA- 15. kammaM kasa bhavo vA kasamAo siM jao kasAyA tA ..... / -- prakRtisthityanubhAvapradezAstadvidhayaH / tattvArthasUtra - 8/4. 93 For Personal & Private Use Only 2.

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kA kAraNa haiN|108 rAga-dveSajanya hone se Artta evaM raudra- ina donoM dhyAnoM ko bandhana kA hetu mAnA gayA hai aura isalie zAstrakAroM ne inheM saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA hetu batAyA hai| vastutaH, cAra dhyAnoM meM ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna kaSAyajanya haiM, isalie ve bandhana ke hetu haiN| sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna kA sthAna aura mahattva ___ sAdhanA kI dRSTi se AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA meM dhyAna eka mahattvapUrNa sopAna hai| DhAI akSara kA yaha zabda sAdhanAtmaka-jIvana ke mahattvapUrNa pakSoM kA pratinidhitva karatA hai aura sAdhaka kA sAdhya se tAdAtmya karA detA hai| manuSya-jIvana kA carama dhyeya apane AdhyAtmika-vikAsa ke dvArA Atma-vizuddhi karake apane nija zuddha svarUpa meM ramaNa karanA hai|109 dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to mokSa athavA nirvANa tRSNArUpI agni ko zAMta kara svarUpa meM avasthiti hai| isa svAtmAnubhUti ke lie adhyAtma-mArga yA adhyAtma-vidyA kA anusaraNa apekSita hai|110 yoga yA dhyAna ke viSaya meM jaina, bauddha aura vaidika-maharSiyoM kA mAnanA yahI hai ki nirvANa yA mokSa kA antima sAdhana dhyAna athavA samAdhi hai| mokSa kA antima sAdhana yoga-nirodha (dhyAna) hai| yaha bAta na kevala jainadarzana kI hai, apitu samasta bhAratIya-darzana samaveta rUpa se isakA samarthana karate haiM, kyoMki pataJjali bhI kahate haiM- 'yogazcittavRtti-nirodhaH', arthAt yogasAdhana cittavRttiyoM kA nirodha hai| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM saMketa kiyA hai ki cAra dhyAnoM meM ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna azubha haiM, kyoMki ve karmabandha ke hetu mAne gae haiN| 12 108 jaina-sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga- 4, pR. 13. jainAgamoM meM aSTAMgayoga, upodghAta, pR. 01. adhyAtmavidyA vidyaanaam| - bhagavadgItA- 10/32. 111 (ka) yogaH kalpatarU: zreSTho yogazcintAmaNiH paraH / yogaH samAdhi dharmANAM yogaH siddheH svayaM gRhaH / / - yogabindu, zloka 37. (kha) yogaH samAdhiH sa ca sArvabhaumazcittasya dharmaH / (ga) dIrghanikAya- 1/2, pR. 28-29. 112 (ka) bhvkaarnnmtttt-ruuddaaiN| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 5. (kha) paMcavastu, gAthA 28. For Personal & Private Use Only

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karmabandhana ke kAraNa saMsAra kA paribhramaNa hotA hai aura jaina-darzana ke anusAra, sAMsArika-paribhramaNa se mukti kaSAya-mukti se hI sambhava hai, kyoMki kaSAya bIja haikarma kA aura karma hetu hai- saMsAra-bhramaNa kaa|13 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM yaha spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki kaSAya eka agni hai aura usa kaSAyAgni se dahakatI AtmA azAMta hotI hai|114 bhavabhramaNA kA nivAraNa hI mAnava-jIvana kA lakSya mAnA gayA hai| isa AdhAra para yaha bAta to spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki sAdhanA kI dRSTi se ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna kA koI mahattva evaM sthAna nahIM hai| jaina-AcAryoM ne sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna- ina donoM ko hI mahattva diyA, kyoMki ye karma-nirjarA ke hetu bana sakate haiN| hama pUrva meM hI sUcita kara cuke haiM ki dharmadhyAna zukladhyAna kI ora pragati karane ke lie sAdhanarUpa hai| jisa prakAra dUdha ko garma karanA hai, to sarvaprathama dUdha jisa bhAjana meM hai, use bhI garama karanA hotA hai, parantu lakSya to dUdha garama karane kA hotA hai| bhAjana kA garma karanA sAdhanarUpa hai, usI prakAra dharmadhyAna bhI zukladhyAna kI ora agrasara hone kA mAtra eka sAdhana hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, dharmadhyAna sAdhana hai aura zukladhyAna sAdhya hai, kyoMki vItarAgatA yA mokSa kI upalabdhi zukladhyAna se hI sambhava hai| usakA sambandha mAtra svarUpAnubhUti se hai| isameM AtmA savikalpadazA se nirvikalpadazA meM sthita hotI hai115, phira bhI zukladhyAna kI avasthA ko prApta karane ke lie sarvaprathama hameM dharmadhyAna ko sthAna evaM mahattva denA hogA, kyoMki azubha ko dUra karane ke lie zubha kA Alambana Avazyaka hai| sammatiprakaraNa meM dharmadhyAna ke do prakAroM kA varNana hai| ve donoM prakAra nimnAMkita haiM- 1. bAhya-dharmadhyAna aura 2. aadhyaatmik-dhrmdhyaan| 16 113 (ka) Arta raudraM ca dharma ca zuklaM ceti cturvidhm|| tat syAd bhedAviha dvau dvau kAraNaM bhavamokSayoH / / - adhyAtmasAra, adhyAya 16, zloka 3. (kha) tatrAdyaM saMsRterheturdvayaM mokSasya tatparam / - dhyAnastava, zloka- 8. (ga) kaSAyamuktiH kila muktireva / - dhyAnadarpaNa, pR. 46. 114 uttarAdhyayana- 23/53. 11 jainadharma-darzana evaM saMskRti, bhAga-7. pa. 37. 116 sammatiprakaraNa, kANDa 3, gAthA 53. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sUtrArtha kA paryAlocana karanA, dRr3hatA se vrata pAlanA, zIlaguNAnurAga, kAyA tathA vacana-vyApAra kA zAstrAnukUla pravartana karanA Adi- vaha bAhya-dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai tathA svasaMvedana karanA yA antardarzana karanA aura kaSAyoM ko kSINa karanA- ise AdhyAtmika-dharmadhyAna kahA gayA hai| yahAM. eka bAta dhyAna rakhane yogya hai ki dharmadhyAna zubha kA dhyAna hai, ataH vaha sAdhanarUpa hai, kintu sAdhya kI siddhi sAdhana ke binA asambhava hai, ataH sAdhanarUpa dharmadhyAna bhI Avazyaka hai| dharmadhyAna meM vikalpa rahate haiM, kintu ve vikalpa zubha hote haiN| azubha ke nirasana hetu zubha kA sahArA lenA jarUrI hai, kyoMki bure vicAroM ko haTAne ke lie acche vicAroM ko sthAna to denA hI hogaa| isI artha meM sAdhanA ke kSetra meM dharmadhyAna kA sthAna evaM mahattva hai| dharmadhyAna azubha kA nivAraNa kara zubha kI ora le jAtA hai aura phira isase sAdhaka zuddha kI ora prayANa kara sakatA hai| sAdhanA kI dRSTi se sAdhana ko grahaNa karanA hotA hai, kintu sAdhana sAdhya nahIM hai| jaise kisI vyakti ko nadI pAra karanA hai, to naukA kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai, lekina anta meM to usa naukA ko bhI chor3anA par3atA hai, vaise hI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM dharmadhyAna naukA ke samAna hai| vaha grAhya to hai, lekina zukladhyAna meM praveza karane ke lie use, arthAt vikalpAtmaka zubhabhAvoM ko chor3anA bhI hotA hai, kyoMki sAdhana kA atikramaNa kie binA sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, vikalpa kA tyAga kie binA nirvikalpatA sambhava nahIM hai| zukladhyAna sAdhya hai, kyoMki vaha nirvikalpa hai| jaina-darzana meM zukladhyAna ke cAra caraNa mAne gae haiN|117 unameM prathama do caraNoM meM vikalpa rahate haiM aura antima do caraNoM meM vikalpa samApta ho jAte haiN| zukladhyAna kI prathama do avasthAeM vastutaH dharmadhyAna se zukladhyAna kI ora jAne ke lie setu kA kAma karatI haiN| jisa prakAra setu donoM kinAroM se jur3A rahatA hai, usI prakAra zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa dharmadhyAna se jur3e hue haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to ve dharmadhyAna se 117 (ka) sukke jhANe cauvvihe cauppaDoAre paNNate taM jahA-puhutavitakke sviyaarii| egattavitakke aviyArI, suhamakirie aNiyaTTI, samucchiNNakirie apddivaatii|| - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra 69, pR. 225. (kha) pRthaktvaikatvavitarkasUkSmakriyApratipAti vyuprtkriyaanivRttiini| - tattvArthasUtra- 9/41. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #118
92 nirvikalpa zukladhyAna kI ora jAne ke lie setu yA mArga kA kAma karate haiN| zukladhyAna to AtmA kI nirvikalpa vizuddha avasthA hai|118 vaha Atma-ramaNa kI sthiti hai, vikalpoM | se mukti hai| zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNa Atma-ramaNa kI sthiti haiM aura isIlie ve mukti kA carama upAya mAne gae haiN| zukladhyAna ke binA koI bhI vyakti mukta nahIM ho sakatA hai| zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNa sAdhanA kI vaha carama avasthA hai, jo hameM sIdhe mukti se jur3AtI hai| vaha citta kI aisI vizuddha sthiti hai, jisameM 'para' ke sabhI vikalpa samApta ho jAte haiN| ___ dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to zukladhyAna nirvikalpa kI sthiti hai aura isIlie vaha mokSa kA sIdhA kAraNa hai| isa prakAra, tapa, tyAga, saMyama-sAdhanA arthAt nivRttimArga ko jaina-paramparA meM dharmadhyAna kahA gayA hai119 aura zukladhyAna Atma-vizuddhi kI avasthA hai, ataH ina donoM kA sthAna evaM mahattva spaSTa ho jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna zubha hai aura zukladhyAna zuddha hai| zubha se zuddha kI ora prayANa karanA- yahI sAdhanA hai, isalie hama kaha sakate haiM ki sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna- donoM kA hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| dharmadhyAna mArga hai, to zukladhyAna gantavya hai| jisa prakAra mArga ke binA gantavya taka pahuMcanA sambhava nahIM hai, usI prakAra dharmadhyAna ke binA zukladhyAna asambhava hai| dharmadhyAna azubha se nivRtti karAtA hai aura zukladhyAna zuddha kI prApti karAtA hai| azubha kI nivRtti ke binA zuddha kI prApti sambhava nahIM hai, ataH sAdhanA ke kSetra meM vyakti dharmadhyAna ke mAdhyama se zukladhyAna, arthAt AtmA kI zuddha avasthA yA mokSa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| isI dRSTi se, jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna- ina donoM kA sthAna aura mahattva spaSTa ho jAtA hai| Age hama cAroM dhyAnoM ke svarUpa evaM lakSaNoM para vicAra kreNge| ___ -----000------ 110 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 30. 110 dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha ahiMsA sNjmotvo| - dazavaikAlika, adhyayana- 1, gAthA 1. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #119
jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadIya TIkA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana tRtIya adhyAya 1. ArttadhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa 2. ArttadhyAna ke cAra bheda 3. raudradhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa 4. raudradhyAna ke cAra bheda 5. dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa 6. dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda 7. dharmadhyAna ke vibhinna dvAra (ka) bhAvanAdvAra (kha) dezadvAra (ga) kAladvAra (gha) AsanadvAra (Da.) AlaMbanadvAra (ca) kramadvAra (cha) dhyAtavyadvAra ( dhAtRdvAra ) (ja) anuprekSAdvAra 8. zukladhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #120
jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadrIya TIkA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 9. zukladhyAna ke stara evaM bheda (ka) dhyAtavyadvAra (kha) dhAtRdvAra (ga) anuprekSAdvAra (gha) lezyAdvAra (Da.) liMgadvAra (ca) AlaMbanadvAra (cha) kramadvAra 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. ArttadhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya raudradhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya dharmadhyAna ke AlaMbana zukladhyAna ke AlaMbana kyA dhyAna ke lie AlaMbana kI AvazyakatA hai ? Alambana se nirAlambana kI ora For Personal & Private Use Only

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98 tRtIya adhyAya ArtadhyAna kA svarUpa evaM lakSaNa ArtadhyAna kA svarUpa - zubhadhyAna ke svarUpa kA spaSTIkaraNa karane ke pUrva azubha-dhyAna ke svarUpa ko samajhanA bahuta hI jarUrI hai| isake pIche mukhya prayojana yaha hai ki azubha-dhyAna tathA unake hetuoM ke nivAraNa ke binA to zubhadhyAna kA prArambha honA bhI zakya nahIM hai| jisa prakAra vastra kI malinatA ko dUra kie binA usa para nayA raMga acchI taraha nahIM car3ha sakatA, usI prakAra mana kI athavA adhyavasAyoM kI malinatA (azuddhi) ko dUra kie binA usa para zubhadhyAna kA raMga car3hAnA sambhava nahIM hai|' sarvaprathama hameM ArttadhyAna ke svarUpa ko samajhanA hai| jaba jIva Adhi, vyAdhi athavA upAdhisvarUpa kisI duHkhada sthiti kA anubhava karatA hai, taba use 'merI pIr3A zIghrAtizIghra dUra ho, mujhe sukha kI prApti ho'- aisI jo vicAradhArA prAdurbhAva hotI hai athavA antaHkaraNa ke dvArA jo duSpraNidhAna kiyA jAtA hai, use ArtadhyAna kahate haiN| indriya-sukha kI prApti tathA duHkha-mukti kI cintA ArtadhyAna hai| jJAnArNava meM cetanA kI arati yA vedanAmaya ekAgra pariNati ko ArtadhyAna kahA hai| 'Rte bhavam Atam' - isake anusAra Rta arthAt duHkh| vaise Rta satyatA hai, kintu duHkha kI satyatA ko samajhanA bhI Rta hai, ataH viyoga ke duHkha ke kAraNa hI ArtadhyAna hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, pIr3A yA yAtanAjanya dhyAna ArtadhyAna hai| 'dhyAnavicAra savivecana- AcArya kalApUrNasUri pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 12-13. (ka) AvazyakacUrNi, gAthA- 2. (kha) amaNuNNANaM ............... dosmilss|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 6. Rte bhavamathArta syAdasadhyAna shriirinnaam| diGmohonmattatAtulyamavidyAvAsanAvazAt / / - jJAnArNava- 23/21. * (ka) RtaM-duHkham, uktaM hi - "RtazabdoduHkhaparyAyavAcyAzrIyate", Rte bhavamArtam / - uttarAdhyayana, pAia TIkAyAm, adhyAya 30. (kha) RtaM duHkhaM tasya nimittaM tatra vA bhvm| ____Rte vA pIr3ite prANini bhavamArttam / / - pAkSikasUtravRttau. (ga) ArttaraudraM ca atra RtaduHkham, tatra bhavamAtam, yadivA atiH, pIDA yAcanaM ca tatra bhvmaarttm|| - yogazAstra, pra. 3, gAthA 73. (gha) Arta raudamapadhyAnam paapkrmopdeshitaa| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #122
sthAnAMgasUtra meM ArttadhyAna kI paribhASA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki mAnasika duHkha ko utpanna karane vAlA dhyAna ArttadhyAna kahalAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM cintAyukta mana kI ekAgratA ArttadhyAna hai / duHkha ke nimitta se utpanna kliSTa adhyavasAya yA rAgadveSa se yukta saMkleza vAle manobhAva aura una bhAvoM se utpanna dhyAna ArttadhyAna hai / udAharaNa ke taura para kahA jA sakatA hai- jaise hI maile se yukta kapar3e para najara par3atI hai, to mana meM yaha cintA utpanna hotI hai ki kisa taraha maila dUra ho ? maila para dveSa sahita saMklezayukta adhyavasAya ArttadhyAna ko janma detA hai, dUsarI ora, yadi kapar3A sApha-sutharA athavA camakadAra hai, to mana meM yaha vikalpa hotA hai ki kisI taraha isakI saphedI yA camaka kAyama rahe, yaha kharAba na ho / saphedI para rAga ke saMklezayukta adhyavasAya bhI ArttadhyAna haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM, maila ke prati dveSajanya cintA aura saphedI ke prati rAgajanya cintA- donoM hI ArttadhyAna haiM / dazavaikAlika hAribhadrIyavRtti ke antargata ArttadhyAna ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai- rAjya, upabhoga, zayana, Asana, vAhana, strIsaMgha, mAlA, maNiratna aura AbhUSaNa (para padArthoM vagairaha ) meM moha ke udaya se jo tIvra abhilASA prakaTa hotI hai, use dhIra - gambhIra mahApuruSa ArttadhyAna kahate haiM / ' saMvegaraMgazAlA nAmaka grantha meM ArttadhyAna ko duHkha kA mahAbhaNDAra evaM viSayoM ke prati anurAga vAlA kahA gayA hai / " dhyAnadIpikA ke racayitA upAdhyAya sakalacandrajI ne likhA hai ki rAgadveSa kI pariNati ke dvArA jisa jIva ko duHkha utpanna hotA hai, ye duHkha utpanna karane vAle vicAra hI ArttadhyAna haiM / ' zrAvakAcAra (amitagati) meM ArttadhyAna kA vivecana isa prakAra hai- priya kA saMyoga, apriya kA viyoga, zArIrika - vedanA aura lakSmI kI cintAsvarUpa jo dhyAna hotA hai, vaha rAjyopabhogazayanAsanavAhaneSu strIgandhamAlyamaNiratnavibhUSaNeSu / icchAbhilASmatimAtramupaiti mohAda dhyAnaM tadArttamiti tatpravadanti tajjJAH / / 1 / / dazavaikAlika, hAribhadrIyavRttau, a. 1. * saMvegaraMgazAlA grantha se uddhRta, saM. munirAja zrI jayAnaMdavijaya, pR. 399. 7 dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa 5, zloka 69 kA bhAvArtha, pR. 85. 99 5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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100 ArtadhyAna hai| usI grantha meM ArttadhyAna ke bhedoM para prakAza DAlate hue use tiryaca-gati kA kAraNa batAyA hai| __AcArya kundakunda Arta aura raudradhyAna ke parityAga kA upadeza dete hue tathA sAdhakoM ko sajaga karate hue kahate haiM- jo sAdhaka AtmA Arta aura raudradhyAna kA varjana athavA azubha adhyavasAyoM kA tyAga karatA hai, usameM sAmAyika-rUpa yA samatArUpI AtmabhAva sthira ho jAte haiM- aisA kevalIprabhu ke zAsana meM mAnA gayA hai| AcArya mahAprajJa ne bhI ArtadhyAna kI paribhASA kI puSTi apanI pustaka 'saMskRti ke do pravAha' meM kI hai|10 ArttadhyAna ke lakSaNa - jaba kisI vyakti meM nimnAMkita lakSaNa dikhAI deM, taba yaha samajha lenA cAhie ki vaha vyakti ArttadhyAna kI sthiti meM hai| ArtadhyAna meM hone vAlI kriyAeM, yathA- krandana, rudana aadi| ye sabhI kriyAeM karmabandha kA kAraNa haiN| 'sthAnAMgasUtraM' ke anusAra, ArttadhyAna ke lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM1. krandanatA - UMcI-UMcI AvAja karake rudana krnaa| aisI sthiti taba utpanna hotI hai, jaba kisI priyatama kA viyoga hotA hai| 2. zocanatA - dInatA kA pradarzana karate hue zoka krnaa| 3. tepanatA - dInatA ke samaya netroM se azru bhaanaa| 4. paridevanatA - karuNAjanaka zabdoM meM vilApa krnaa| dhyAnazataka ke kartA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ArtadhyAnI ke lakSaNa batAte hue kahate haiM- jisakA ArtadhyAna atyanta tIvra bana jAtA hai, usa manuSya dvArA anAyAsa hI kucha ceSTAeM ho jAtI haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM, jaba vyakti ke jIvana meM iSTa vastuoM kA viyoga, 8 priyyogaa-'priyaayog-piiddaa-lkssmiivicintnm| Arta caturvidhaM jJeyaM tiryggtinibndhnm|| - amitagati zrAvakacAre, pari. 15. niyamasAra, gAthA 129, pR. 260. 10 saMskRti ke do pravAha, pR. 222. " (ka) aTTassaNaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paNNatA, taM jahA-kaMdaNatA, soyaNatA. tippaNatA. pddidevnntaaN| ___ - sthAnAMgasUtra, catu. sthA. uddezyaka 1, sUtra 62, pR. 222. (kha) aupapAtikasUtra - 20. (ga) bhagavatIsUtra - 803. For Personal & Private Use Only

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101 aniSTa vastuoM kA saMyoga, zArIrika-vedanA Adi kI sthiti prApta hotI hai, taba vaha svataH hI kucha kuceSTAoM kA zikAra ho jAtA hai| dhyAnazataka grantha meM ArttadhyAna ke teraha lakSaNoM kI carcA hai| ve teraha lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM1. Akrandana - jora-jora se ronaa| . 2. zocana - dainyabhAva kA pradarzana karate hue zoka karanA athavA azru se paripUrNa nayanoM se apane duHkha ko prakaTa krnaa| 3. paridevana - yatra-tatra sarvatra bAra-bAra kliSTa athavA duHkhakAraka zabdoM kA uccAraNa krnaa| 4. tADana - svayaM ko pITanA, chAtI kUTanA, sira phor3anA, keza khIMcanA . ityAdi lakSaNa iSTa viyogAdi meM ghaTita hote haiN| inake atirikta anya nimna lakSaNa bhI haiM 1. nindA - svayaM ke dvArA kie hue karma-vyApAra, zilpakalAdi ke niSphala satkAryoM kI nindA krnaa| 2. prazaMsA - dUsare kI sampatti kI upalabdhi para Azcarya prakaTa krnaa| 3. prArthanA - ___ sampatti kI prApti kI AkAMkSA athavA abhilASA krnaa| 4. raMjanA - prApta huI sampatti meM Asakta bane rhnaa| 5. prayatna - adhika sampatti pAne ke lie satata prayatnazIla rhnaa| 6. Asakti - zabdAdi viSayoM meM mUrchita honaa| 7. parAGmukhatA - kSamAdi dasa prakAra ke yatidharma ke pAlana se vimukha honaa| 8. pramAdabhAva - pramAda meM pravRtta rahanA athavA vikathAdi meM magna rhnaa| . tassa'kkaMdaNa-soyaNa-paridevaNa-tADaNAiM liNgaaii| ... iTThA'NiTThaviogA'vioga-viyaNA nimittAi / / niMdai ya niyakayAiM pasaMsai savimhao vibhuuiio| patthei tAsu rajjai tayajjaNaparAyaNo hoi|| saddAivisayagiddho saddhammaparammaho pmaaypro| jiNamayamaNavekkhaMto vaTThai aTTami jhaannmi|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 15-17. For Personal & Private Use Only

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9. jinAjJA-bhaMga - tIrthakara nirdiSTa jo AgamarUpa pravacana hai, usase vizuddha AcaraNa kA pAlana na karanA, jinAjJA kA bhaMga karanA / uparyukta lakSaNoM se yukta ArttadhyAnI sAmAnyatayA hara bAta meM zaMkA karatA hai / ArttadhyAnI zoka, bhaya, pramAda, asAvadhAnI, kleza, cintA, bhrama, bhrAnti, viSaya - sevana kI utkaNThA, harSa viSAda karanA, aMga meM jar3atA - zithilatA, citta meM kheda vastu meM Asakti Adi se yukta rahatA hai| yaha ArttadhyAna anAdikAla se sAMsArika - jIvAtmAoM utpanna hotA rahatA hai| yaha prAraMbha meM to acchA lagatA hai, parantu isake pariNAma duHkhadAyI f hote haiM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI kRta adhyAtmasAra ke antargata bhI isI prakAra ke cihnoM kA varNana hai| krandana, rudana, zocana, tAr3ana, svayaM ke niSphala kArya kI nindA, sampatti kI prApti hetu prArthanA, prApta huI sampatti para Asakti - pramattatA, indriyoM ke viSayoM kI lolupatA, dharma se vimukhatA, jinavacana kI upekSA Adi lakSaNa ArttadhyAna meM pAe jAte haiN| 13 13 I AvazyakacUrNi meM ArttadhyAna ke nimna lakSaNa batAe gae haiM kaMdaNatA, soyaNatA, tippaNatA tathA indriya, gArava, saMjJA atirati, bhaya aura zokAdi / 14 dhyAnadIpikA' nAmaka grantha meM ArttadhyAnI ke cihnoM (lakSaNa) kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| zloka - saMkhyA assI ke antargata kahA hai ki ArttadhyAnI do prakAra ke lakSaNoM se yukta hote haiM- 1. Antarika - lakSaNa 2. bAhya lakSaNa | 14 15 krandanaM rUdanaM proccaiH, zocanaM paridevanam / tADanaM luJcanaM ceti liGgAnyasya vidurbudhAH / / 7 / / moghaM nindaM nijaM kRtyaM prazaMsaM parasampadaH / vismitaH prArthayannetAH prasaktazcaitadarjane / / 8 / / pramattazcendrayArtheSu gRddho dharmaparAGmukhaH / jinoktamapuraskurvannArttadhyAne pravarttate / / 9 / / aTTassa lakkhaNANi - kaMdaNatA, soyaNatA, tippaNatA, paridevaNatA iMdiyagAravasaMNNA usseya ratI bhayaM ca sogaM ca / ai tu samAhArA bhavaMti aTTassa jhANassa / AvazyakacUrNa. zokAkraMdau mUrcchA mastakahRdayAditADanaM cintA | Arttagatasya narasya hi liMgAnyetAni bAhyAni / / adhyAtmasAra, adhikAra 16. 102 dhyAnadIpikA, zloka 80. For Personal & Private Use Only

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1. Antarika - lakSaNa ArttadhyAnI jIvoM ke Antarika - lakSaNa meM to unakI vicAradhArA ke AdhAra para ve dUsare logoM athavA apane mana kI kalpanAoM dvArA svayaM hI nirNaya kara sakate haiN| ina Antarika - lakSaNoM kA dUsarA vyakti to mAtra anubhava kara sakatA hai| 2. bAhya-lakSaNa ArttadhyAnI jIvoM kA bolanA, calanA, rahanA, tADanA tarjanA, Akrandana, rudana, sira phor3anA, chAtI pITanA Adi lakSaNoM ko dekhakara dUsare manuSya yaha samajha sakate haiM ki amuka jIva abhI ArttadhyAna kI sthiti meM hai| yaha ArttadhyAnI kA bAhya lakSaNa hai| AdipurANa meM bhI ArttadhyAnI ke inhIM lakSaNoM kA samarthana karate hue kahA gayA ki parigraha meM atyanta Asakta honA, kuzIlarUpa pravRtti karanA, kRpaNatA karanA, byAja lekara AjIvikA calAnA, atyanta lobha karanA, bhaya aura udvega karanA aura atizaya zoka karanA - ye ArttadhyAna ke cihna haiM / 16 16 adhyAtmamataparIkSAyAm grantha meM ArttadhyAna se sambandhita eka bahuta hI mArmika bAta batAI gaI hai- mamatva kA jo pariNAma hai, vaha hI mUrcchA hai aura yaha mamatva ke pariNAmarUpa mUrcchA ajJAna lakSaNa vAlI nahIM hai, dUsare zabdoM meM, vaha jJAnalakSaNa vAlI hai| usakA nAza bhI (mamatva - pariNAma ) jJAna se hI hotA hai / iSTa ke aviyoga kA vicAra aura aprApta iSTavastu kI AkAMkSA yA abhilASA jJAnasvarUpA hai| 17 isakA nAza anityatA ke cintana se hotA hai aura vastu kI anityatA yA saMyogoM kI anityatA kA jJAna usa mUrcchA yA Asakti ko tor3a detA hai| donoM jJAna haiM, kintu pahalA mithyAjJAna aura dUsarA samyagjJAna hai| 18 - 2 3 ru mUrcchA-kauzIlya-kainAzya - kausIdyA-nyatigRdhnutA / 1 18 4 6 bhayodvegAnuzokAzca, liGgAnyArtta smRtAni vai / / - AdipurANa, parva 21, gAthA - 40. ru 1 parigrahaH / 2 kuzIlatva / 3. lubdhatva athavA kRtaghnatva / 4. Alasya / 5. atyabhilASitA 6. iSTaviyogeSu viklavabhAva evodvegaH / cittacalana / 17 mamatvapariNAmalakSaNA mUrcchA, mamatvapariNAmazca nAjJAnalakSaNaH tasya jJAnAdeva nAzAt, prApteSTavastvaviyogAdhyavasAnA'prAptatadabhilASalakSaNArttadhyAnasvarUpaH / / kintu adhyAtmamataparIkSAyAm, gAthA - 6. zokazaMkAbhayabhrAnti 103 5 ityArttadhyAnalakSaNam / / - dhyAnasAra, zloka - 71-72, pR. 22. For Personal & Private Use Only

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104 isa prakAra, ArtadhyAnI ke lakSaNoM kA varNana samApta hotA hai| aba ArtadhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana isa prakAra se hai| ArtadhyAna ke cAra prakAra jaisA ki pUrva meM yaha kahA jA cukA hai ki bhArata deza meM dhyAna kI paramparA prAcIna hai aura sAdhanA ke kSetra meM sadA use sammAnapUrNa sthAna milA hai, kyoMki dhyAna vItarAgadazA ko prakaTa karAne vAlI sAdhanA kA abhinna aMga bhI hai| jaina Agama- zAstroM meM ArttadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke varNana kI pracura sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai| prAyaH sAMsArika-jIva yahI cAhate haiM ki hameM jIvana meM kabhI duHkha na mile, kintu saMsArI-jIva karmAdhIna hotA hai| bhaviSya se sabhI anabhijJa hote haiN| jaba vyakti ko iSTa vastu kA viyoga hotA hai, taba vaha Akula-vyAkula ho jAtA hai| usakA dhyAna bAra-bAra usI meM ekAgra rahatA hai| yahAM ekAgratA to hai, kintu isake pariNAma dUSita haiM, ataH aisA dhyAna (ekAgratA) sAdhaka ke lie azreyaskara evaM ahitakArI hai| hamAre zodhagrantha dhyAnazataka meM bhI cAroM dhyAnoM kA varNana bahuta hI sUkSmatA se varNita hai| una cAroM dhyAnoM meM prathama dhyAna ArttadhyAna hai| yahAM hama sarvaprathama cAra bhedoM kI carcA kareMge, jo isa prakAra haiM 1. aniSTa-saMyoga aartdhyaan| 2. Atura cintA (vedanA) ArttadhyAna / 19 (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra- 10. (kha) samavAyAMga, samavAya 5. (ga) bhagavatIzataka- 25, uddezaka 7. (gha) prazna vyAkaraNa, saMvaradvAra-5. (Ga) aupapAtikasUtra- 30, pR. 49-50. (ca) uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 11/14-27, uttarAdhyayana- 11/14 ki (cha) isibhAsiyAiM (RSibhASita) adhyAya 23. (ja) Avazyakaniyukti, 1458. (jha) ArAdhakapatAkA, 803-835. (Ja) bhagavatIArAdhanA, gAthA 753. (Ta) pagAmasiddhAya, AvazyakazramaNasUtra. (Tha) dhyAnazataka, gAthA 6-85. (Da) dhyAnastava, zloka 8-23. (Dha) dhyAnasAra, zloka- 31. For Personal & Private Use Only

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105 3. iSTa-viyoga aarttdhyaan| 4. nidAna-cintana ArtadhyAna / granthakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa prathama aniSTa-saMyoga ArtadhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhate haiM1. aniSTa-saMyoga ArtadhyAna - dveSayukta adhyavasAyoM se malinatA ko prApta hue jIva ke mana ke pratikUla zabdAdirUpa pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSaya aura unakI mUlabhUta vastuoM ke viSaya meM jo unake viyoga kI atyadhika cintA tathA AgAmI kAla meM punaH unakA saMyoga na ho, isake anusmaraNa se utpanna aniSTa-saMyoga ke viyoga kI ciMtArUpa prathama ArtadhyAna mAnA gayA hai tathA sune hue, dekhe hue, smaraNa meM Ae hue aura samIpatA ko prApta aniSTa padArthoM ke nimitta se jo mana meM saMkleza-bhAva hotA hai, vaha prathama ArttadhyAna hai| dvAdazAMgI kA tIsarA aMga sthAnAMgasUtra ke caturtha sthAna ke antargata prathama uddezya meM cAroM dhyAnoM kI sundara vivecanA kI gaI hai| sUtragata pratyeka dhyAna ke prakAroM aura upaprakAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, usameM ArttadhyAna ke upaprakAroM kA varNana bhI milatA hai| ArtadhyAna ke prathama upaprakAra ko amonajJa ke nAma se sUcita kiyA hai| anabhISTa vastu kA saMyoga hone para usako dUra karane kA bAra-bAra cintana karanA amanojJa-ArtadhyAna hai| 20 amaNuNaNNANaM saddAivisayavatthUNa dosmilss| dhaNiyaM viogaciMtaNamasaMpaogANusaraNaM c|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 6. 21 aTThajhANe cauvihe paNNatte, taM jahA - " amaNuNNa-saMpaoga-saMpautte, tassa vippa-ogasati-samaNNagate yAvi bhvti| - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra 61, pR. 222. For Personal & Private Use Only

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106 tattvArthasUtra praNetA AcArya umAsvAti ne ArtadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki aniSTa artha, cetana aura acetana- donoM prakAroM kA hotA hai| kurupa, durgandhayukta zarIra vAlI strI Adi tathA bhaya utpanna karane vAle sarpAdi amanojJa-cetana padArtha haiM, jabaki zastra, viSa, kaNTakAdi amanojJa--acetana padArtha haiN|22 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM siddhasena ne bhI yahI kahA hai ki amanojJa (aniSTa) zabdAdi viSayoM kA indriyoM ke sAtha grAhya-grAhaka lakSaNa sambandha hone para unake viyoga kI cintA- vaha amanojJaviSayaka prathama ArttadhyAna hai| praNidhAnasvarUpa smRti kI jo dhArA hai, vaha samanvahAra kahalAtI hai, jaise- maiM isa amanojJa viSayoM ke saMyoga se zIghra mukta bnuuN| jJAnArNava ke racayitA AcArya zubhacandra ne aniSTa ke saMyoga se hone vAle prathama ArtadhyAna kA svarUpa batAte hue likhA hai ki apane kuTumbajanoM, dhana-sampatti aura zarIra ko naSTa karane vAle agni, sarpAdi tathA sthalacara, jalacara, khecara Adi prANiyoM athavA padArthoM ke sambandha se jo yahAM saMkleza aura cintA hotI hai, vaha hI ArttadhyAna kA prathama prakAra hai| 22 ArttamamanojJAsya samprayoge tadviprayogAya smRtismnvaahaarH| - tattvArthasUtra- 9/30. 23 amanojJa aniSTAH zabdAdayaH teSA sambandhe indriyeNa saha samparke sati caturNA zabda-sparza-rasa-gandhAnAmekasya ca yogyadezAvasthitasya dravyAdestena viSayiNA grAhyagrAhakalakSaNe samprayoge sati tdvipryogoyeti| tadityamanojJa viSayAbhisambandhaH / teSAm manojJAnAM zabdAdinAM viprayogo'pagamastadartha viprayogAyAniSTazabdAdiviSayaparihArAya yaH smRtisamanvAhArastadArtam / smRtisamanvAhAroH amanojJaviSayaviprayogopAye vyavasthApanaM manaso nizcalamArttadhyAnaM kenopAyena viyogaH syAdityekatAnamanonivezanamArttadhyAnamityarthaH / __ - tattvArthasiddhavRttau. 24 jvalanavanaviSAstraNyAlazArdUladaityaiH, sthalajala bila sattvairdurjunAzAti bhUpaiH / janadhanazarIra dhvaMsimisvaira niSTai bhavati, yadiha yogAdAdyamArtaM tadetata / / tathA carasthirairbhAvairanekaiH samupasthitaiH / aniSTu yanmanaH kliSTaM syAdAta tatprakIrtitam zrutairdaSTaiH smRtaijJAtaiH pratyAsattiM ca sNshritai| yo'niSTArthermanaH klezaH puurvmaaptdissyte| - jJAnArNava, prakaraNa- 23, zloka- 23-25. For Personal & Private Use Only

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107 dhyAnadIpikA grantha meM bhI ArttadhyAna ke prathama bheda kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai- zarIra ko ghAta karane vAle viSa, agni, vana, sAMpa, siMha, zastra aura zatru ke samAna duSTabhAva rakhane vAle jIvoM dvArA jo duHkha kI anubhUti hotI hai, athavA aniSTa padArthoM ke saMyoga dvArA dekhane se yA smaraNa karane se mana meM jo kleza paidA hotA hai, vaha aniSTa-saMyoga nAmaka pahalA ArtadhyAna hai| adhyAtmasAra ke praNetA yazovijayajI ne bhI ArttadhyAna ke pahale bheda kA artha isI rUpa meM mAnA hai| ve likhate haiM ki mana cAhe zabda, rUpa, rasa, sparza tathA gaMdha Adi viSaya athavA priyajana kA kabhI viyoga na ho, sadA pUrNimA rahe, kabhI amAvasyA nahIM ho, isI taraha sukha ke dinoM kA viyoga na ho, nirantara vyakti isa cintA meM meM DUbA rahatA hai| AdipurANa meM bhI yahI suspaSTa likhA gayA hai ki kisI priyajana athavA priyavastu ke viyoga hone para punaH saMyoga-prApti ke lie punaH-punaH cintana-manana hI ArttadhyAna kA pahalA bheda hai|" dhyAnastava meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana hai|28 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana meM ArttadhyAna ke prathama bheda para prakAza DAlate hue kahA gayA hai ki manuSya pratipala-pratikSaNa yaha socatA rahatA hai ki anya manuSyoM kA kucha bhI ho, parantu merA duHkha naSTa ho, mujhe sukha prApta ho| ___ dhyAnasAra meM ArttadhyAna ke prathama bheda kA varNana lagabhaga dasa zlokoM (zloka kramAMka battIsa se iktAlIsa) meM kiyA gayA hai| ina zlokoM meM ArtadhyAna ke prathama bheda kA upadezAtmaka rUpa meM bahuta hI mArmika varNana kiyA gayA hai|30 25 viSadahanavanabhujaMgamaharizastrArAtimukhyadurjIvaiH / svajanatanughAtakRdabhiH saha yoganArtamAdyaM ca / / zrurterdRSTaiH smRtaitiH prtyaasttismaagtaiH| aniSTAthairmanaH kleze pUrvamArtaM bhvettdaa|| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa- 5, zloka- 71-72. . 26 iSTAnAM praNidhAnaM ................. || - adhyAtmasAra, adhyAya- 16, zloka-5 kA prathama caraNa. " viprayoge manojJasya tatsaMyogAnu trssnnm| - AdipurANa, parva 21, zloka- 32 kA pahalA caraNa. 28 dhyAnastava, gAthA- 1. (ka) dhyAnavicAra meM dhyAna ke 24 bhedoM meM se prathama bheda dhyAna, usake svarUpa tathA upabhedoM kI carcA ke sandarbha se 'dravyazcArta-raudre' pustaka dhyAnavicAra-savivecana se uddhata, pR. 12-13. (kha) amanojJamapriyaM vissknnttkshtrushstraadi| ____tadvAdhAkAraNAtvAd amanojJam ityucyte|| - sarvArthasiddhi, 9/30/10. 30 dhyAnasAra, zloka-32-41, pR. 9-12. For Personal & Private Use Only

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saMkSepa meM, itanA hI samajhanA hai ki koI bhI cetana prANI athavA jar3apadArtha, jo anukUla lagate haiM, unake prati rAga aura ve sabhI prANI yA padArtha jo anukUla na lageM, unake prati dveSa yA aruci honA pahale prakAra kA ArttadhyAna hai / dUsare zabdoM meM, 'viSIdanti eteSu saktAH prANinaH iti viSayAH' isa ukti ke AdhAra para jinake jaise anubhava se prANI duHkhI hotA hai, unheM ArttadhyAna - viSaya kahA jAtA hai, jaise-- karNakaTu zabda sunane para, AMkha ko nApasaMda rUpa dekhane para, nAka ko pratikUla gaMdha sUMghane para, jihvA ko besvAda vastueM khAne para aura tvacA ko apriya sparza hone para arthAt pratikUla lagane vAlA zabda, varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza kA saMyoga milane para dveSayukta adhyavasAyoM ke dvArA use dUra karane kA cintana-manana karanA tathA bhAvIkAla meM punaH kabhI bhI una apriya vastuoM kA saMyoga na honA - aisA adhyavasAya aniSTasaMyoga ArttadhyAna hai| 1 -- 2. Atura - cintA (vedanA) ArttadhyAna - dhyAnazataka ke praNetA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ArttadhyAna ke dUsare prakAra 'Atura - cintA - ArttadhyAna' kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM ki Atura arthAt zUla, mastakAdi ke rogoM kI vedanA utpanna hone para unake nivAraNa hetu, pratipala, pratikSaNa Akula-vyAkula honA, unake viyoga kA cintana satata calate rahanA tathA bhaviSya meM unakI punaH prApti na ho - isa cintana meM lIna rahanA, yaha dUsare prakAra kA ArttadhyAna hai | 32 sthAnAMgasUtra meM likhA hai ki ghAtaka rogagrasita hone para isake palAyana ke lie bAra-bAra cintana karanA AtaMka - ArttadhyAna hai | 33 31 prastuta sandarbha dhyAnazataka- saM.- bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrI pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 5. 32 taha sUla-sIsarogAiveyaNAe vijogapaNihANaM / tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki zArIrika yA mAnasika pIr3A hone para usake nivAraNa kI vyAkulatApUrvaka cintA karanA, athavA pratikUla vedanA ko dUra haTAne ke lie cintA karanA rogacintA - ArttadhyAna hai / 34 33 34 tada saMpaogaciMtA tampaDiyArAulamaNassa / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 7. sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka - 1, sUtra - 61, pR. 222. vedanAyAzca - tattvArthasUtra - 9 / 32. 108 -- For Personal & Private Use Only

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109 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM bhI yahI kahA hai ki vedanA do prakAra kI hotI hai- 1. sukhakAriNI aura 2. duHkhkaari-gii| isameM amanojJa (duHkhakAriNI) vedanA kA saMyoga hote hI pIta, zleSma, sannipAta ityAdi nimittoM se zUlaziravedanA, kampana-jvara, azrupAta, dAMtoM kA kampana Adi duHkhakAriNI vedanA ke viyoga kI nirantara cintA Atura-cintA (vedanA) nAmaka dUsarA ArttadhyAna hai|35 jJAnArNava ke antargata ArttadhyAna ke dvitIya bheda kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki kAza, zvAsa, bhagandara, peTa kA yakRta, kor3ha, atisAra, jvara Adi tathA pitta, kapha aura vAyu ke prakopa se utpanna hokara zarIra ko naSTa karane vAle rogoM se pratisamaya vyAkulatA hotI hai, use vidvAnoM ne rogArttadhyAna kahA hai|36 dhyAnadIpikA meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana karate hue kahA hai ki kiMcit mAtra rogoM kA samAgama svapna meM na ho- isa prakAra manuSyoM ko jo cintA hotI hai, vaha rogAta ArtadhyAna hai| AdipurANa meM kahA hai ki vedanA utpanna hone para jo dhyAna hotA hai, vaha dhyAna vedanopagamodbhava nAmaka dUsare prakAra kA ArtadhyAna hai| zArIrika yA mAnasika-pIr3A, jisase vyakti sadA bhayabhIta rahatA hai, aisA bhayajanya duHkha vAstavika duHkha se bhI adhika bhayaMkara hotA hai| mAnava-jIvana aneka duHkhoM se grasta tathA trasta hai| una duHkhoM se mana ko jor3a lenA, unase dveSa rakhanA, unako dUra karane kI satata cintA karanA- yahI dUsare prakAra kA ArtadhyAna hai|9 dhyAnastava meM bhI kahA hai ki pIr3A ke vinAza ke lie jIva ko jo nirantara smaraNa yA cintana hotA hai, vaha ArtadhyAna kA dUsarA prakAra hai| 35 sukhA duHkhA cobhayI vednaa| tatrAmanojJAyAH samprayoge vedanAyAHprakupitapavanapittazleSmasannipAtanimittairUpajAtAyAH zUlaziraHkampajvarAkSizravaNadazanAdikAyAstadviprayogAyasmRtisamanvAhArodhyAnamArtameSa dvitIyo vikalpaH / _ - tatvArthasiddhavRttau. 36 kAsazvAsabhagandarodarajarAkuSThAtisArajvaraiH, pittazlaSmamarUtprakopajanitai rogaiH zarIrAntakaiH / syAtsattvaprabalaiHpratikSaNabhavairyad vyAkulatvaMnRNAm, tadrogAtamaninditaiHprakaTitaM duraduHkhAkaram / / 32 / / svalpAnAmapirogANAM mAbhUtsvapne'pisambhavaH / mameti yA nRNAM cintA, syAdAta tattRtIyakam / / 33 / / - jJAnArNava, sarga- 25. 3" alpAnAmapi rogANAM, mA bhUtsvapne'pi saGgamaH / ___mameti yA nRNAM cintA, syAdAta tttRtiiykm|| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa- 5, zloka 76. 38 AdipurANa, parva- 21/35. 39 cintanaM vedanAyAzca vyaakultvmupeyussuH| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/4. 40 puMsaH pIDAvinAzAya syAdAta sanidAnakam / / - dhyAnastava, zloka- 10. For Personal & Private Use Only

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110 dhyAnasAra meM zloka kramAMka baMyAlIsa se pacAsa taka ArttadhyAna ke dUsare prakAra kA varNana milatA hai| 3. iSTaviyoga ArtadhyAna - dhyAnazataka ke antargata ArttadhyAna ke cAra pramukha prakAra mAne jAte haiN| unake nirUpaNArtha granthakAra tRtIya iSTaviyoga ArttadhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate haiM vyakti ko iSTa viSaya ke milane para yA anukUla anubhava hone para una prApya viSayabhogoM kA viraha na ho- aisI rAgayukta pariNati tathA inake saMyoga kI sthiratA hetu jo satata abhilASA rahatI hai, vaha tIsarA iSTasaMyoga-ArttadhyAna hai|42 ___sthAnAMgasUtra, tattvArthasUtra aura tattvArthasiddhavRtti 5 meM isa dhyAna kA vivecana hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM spaSTarUpa se likhA hai ki iSTa vastu kA viyoga na ho, balki punaH-punaH saMyoga ho, aisA bAra-bAra cintana karanA manojJa-ArtadhyAna hai| ___ tattvArthasUtra meM bhI yahI likhA hai ki kisI priyavastu kA viyoga hone para usakI prApti ke lie punaH satata cintA karanA tIsare prakAra kA ArttadhyAna hai| AcArya siddhasena divAkara ne tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM ArtadhyAna ke tIsare prakAra kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ki manojJa padArtha kA viyoga hone para una padArthoM ke punaH saMyogarUpa mAnasika-vyApAra, jaise- mujhe ina manojJa padArthoM kA saMyoga kaise ho - aisA Asakta mana kA praNidhAna iSTaviyoga-ArttadhyAna hai| 41 zatrudurjanacorAgni............ sarvamiSTaM hi jaayte|| - dhyAnasAra, zloka- 42-50, pR. 12-15. 42 iTThANaM visayAINa veyaNAe ya raagrttss| aviyoga'jjhavayANaM taha saMjogAbhilAMso y|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 8.' 57 maNuNNa saMpaogaM-saMpautte, tassa vippaoga-sati-samaNNAgate yAvi bhvti| - sthAnAMgasUtra, ___ caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 61, pR. 222. 44 viparItaM manojJAnAM - tattvArthasUtra-9/33. 45 manojJA abhirUcitA iSTAM prItihetavasteSAM viparItaM saMyojanaM kAryam / mnojnyaanaamityaadi| manojJAnAma viSayANAM vedanAyAzca mnojnyaayaa| viparItapradhAnArthAbhisambandho viparItazabdena kriyata ityAha-viprayoge tatsamprayogAyetyAdi / tatsamprayogArthastatsamprayogAya samprayogaprayojanaH smRteH smnvaahaarH| kathaM na nAma bhUyo'pi taiH saha manojJaviSayaiHsamprayoga: syAnmameti evaM praNidhatte dRDhaM manastadapyArtamiti / / 33 || - tattvArthasiddhavRttau. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___111 jJAnArNava ke antargata kahA gayA hai ki manohara vastuoM kA vinAza hone para unake punaH saMyoga kI icchA se jo prANI saMkleza-bhAva ko prApta hotA hai, vahI ArtadhyAna kA tIsarA prakAra hai| __ AdipurANa meM kahA hai ki kisI iSTavastu ke viyoga hone para usake saMyoga ke lie nirantara cintana karanA tIsare prakAra kA ArtadhyAna hai| adhyAtmasAra meM bhI yahI likhA hai ki sukha ke tIvrarAga ke kAraNa manuSya ko isa prakAra kA, athavA iSTa ke saMyoga hone kI yA unakA viyoga na ho- aisI cintA banI rahatI hai,48 yaha sthiti bhautika-padArthoM ke icchuka jIvoM kI hotI hai| ve apane iSTasukha kI mRga-marIcikA ke pIche nirantara daur3ate rahate haiM aura eka kSaNa ke lie bhI usa kalpita sukha ke bhAra ko utArakara nirvikalpa sthitirUpa vizrAnti ke sukha kA upabhoga nahIM karate haiM aura anta meM iSTavastu kI prApti ke lie ArttadhyAna karate-karate mRtyu ko prApta ho jAte haiN| dhyAnastava meM bhI ArtadhyAna ke tIsare prakAra kA varNana uparyukta vyAkhyA ke samAna dhyAnasAra meM zloka kramAMka ikyAvana se unasATha taka ArtadhyAna ke tIsare prakAra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 4. nidAna-cintana-ArttadhyAna - jinabhadragaNi ne dhyAnazataka meM ArtadhyAna ke cauthe nidAna-cintana kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki anAgata bhogoM kI AkAMkSA kA nAma nidAna hai| devendra aura cakravartI Adi ke mukha tathA RSi kI prArthanA yA yAcanA karanA nidAna hai| isakA cintana karanA adhama hai aura yaha atyanta ajJAna se utpanna hotA hai|52 48 manojJavastu vidhvaMse, punsttsNnggmaarthibhiH| - jJAnArNava, zloka- 1210. 47 AdipurANa, parva-21/35. iSTAnAM praNidhAnaM ca sNpryogaaviyogyoH| - adhyAtmasAra-36/5. 49 rAjyopabhoga zayanAsana vAhaneSu, strIgaMdha mAlya vararatna vibhUSaNeSu / atyAbhilASa matimAtra mupaiti mohAd, yAnaM tadAtamiti tatpravadanti tajjJAH / / - sAgara dharmA'mRta. - prastuta sandarbha dhyAnakalpatarU grantha se uddhRta hai. pR. 12. 5 dhyAnastava, zloka-9. 51 vAtapittakaphodrekAdrasa .......... duHkkhaM kariSyati / / - dhyAnasAra, zloka- 51-59, pR. 15-16. 52 deviMda-cakkavaTTittaNAiguNa-riddhipatthaNAmaIyaM / For Personal & Private Use Only

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112 sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki kAmabhogoM kA saMyoga hone para unakA saMyoga banA rahe- aisA bAra-bAra cintana karanA prItikAraka nAmaka tIsarA ArtadhyAna hai| ___tattvArthasUtra meM kahA hai- bhogoM kI lAlasA kI utkaNThA ke kAraNa aprApta vastu ko prApta karane ke tIvra saMkalpa ko nidAna nAmaka cauthA ArttadhyAna kahA gayA hai| nidAna zabda 'ni' upasargapUrvaka 'dA' dhAtu kA lyuT kA rUpa hai| nidAna- pariNAmI cittavRttiyoM dvArA ekAntika, AtyAntika, pIDArahita Atmika-sukha kA nAza hotA hai| ___ tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM AcArya siddhasenagaNi ne kahA hai ki dIrghakAla kI ugra tapasyA ke dvArA athavA karmakSaya meM samartha aise tapa ke dvArA devoM evaM manuSya ke vinazvara sukha, aizvarya, saubhAgya Adi kI prApti ke lie kiyA huA praNidhAna yA cintana nidAna kahalAtA hai|56 jJAnArNava' meM likhA hai ki dharaNendra, cakravartI Adi dvArA bhogane yogya bhoga, trailokyavijayI saundarya, sAmrAjyarUpI lakSmI, zatru-samUha se rahita niSkaNTaka rAjya, devAMganAoM ke nRtya kI lIlA ko jItane vAlI yuvA striyAM tathA anya bhI sukha-sAmagrI mujhe kisa prakAra se prApta hogI ? maiM inako kisI bhI prakAra se prApta karUM ? ityAdi rUpa manuSya kI cintA ko zreSTha gaNadharoM ne bhogArtta-dhyAna kahA hai| vaha janma-janmAntara meM saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| pavitra saMyama evaM tapa Adi anuSThAnoM ke samUha se jo jinendra athavA devoM ke pada kI abhilASA kI jAtI hai, yA vividha prakAra ke vicAroM ke __ ahamaM niyANaciMtaNamaNNANANugayamaccaMtaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 9. 53 (ka) parijusitakAmabhogasaMpaoga saMpautte tassa avippaogasatisamaNNAgate yAvi bhvti|| - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 61, pR. 222. (kha) bhagavatIsUtra- 803. (ga) aupapAtikasUtra- 20. 54 niMdAnaM c| - tattvArthasUtra- 9/34. 55 dhAtu nambara- 1070. 56 kAmopahatacittAnAM ityaadi| icchAvizeSaH zabdAdhupayogaviSayaH / athavA madanaH kAmazciramugrataponiSThAya karmakSapaNakSamadIrghadarzitayA khalvasya vinazvarasyAvitRptikAriNaH suramanujasukhaizvaryasaubhAgyAdaiH kRte tatraiva kRtadRr3hapraNidhAnA bahyavinazvaraM satata tRpti-kAraNamuktisukhamanupamamavamanya, pravartamAnAH, kAmopahatacetasaH punarbhavaviSayagRddhA.................nidAnamArtadhyAnaM bhvtiiti| - tattvArthasiddhavRttau. 57 bhogA bhogIndrasevyAstribhuvanajayinIrUpasAmrAjyalakSmI, rAjyaM kSINAricakraM vijitasukhadhUlAsyalIlAyuvatyaH / anyaccAnandabhUtaM kathamiha bhavatItyAdi ciMtAsubhAjAm yattadbhogArttamuktaMparamaguNadharairjanmasantAnamUlaM / / puNyAnuSThAnajAtairabhilaSati padaM yajjinendrAmaraNAm, yadvA taireva vAMchatyahitakulakujacchedamatyantakopAt pUjA-satkAra-lAbhaprabhRtikamathavA yAcateyadvikalpaiH, syAdAta tannidAnaprabhavamiha nRNAM duHkhadAvogradhAma / / iSTabhogAdi siddhyartha, ripughAtArthameva vaa| yannidAnaM manuSyANAM, syAdAta tttturiiykm|| - jJAnArNave- 25/34, 35, 36. For Personal & Private Use Only

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dvArA jo satkAra aura lAbha kI prApti kI prArthanA kI jAtI hai, vaha nidAnajanya-ArttadhyAna hai, jo yahAM prANiyoM ke duHkharUpa dAvAnala kA utkRSTa sthAna hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM, to yahI hai ki iSTabhogoM aura niSkaNTaka rAjya kI prApti ke lie manuSyoM kI abhilASA hotI hai- vaha cauthA nidAnajanya -- ArttadhyAna hai / dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki isa loka meM rAjya kI prApti svarga meM indrapada kI prApti ityAdi mujhe kaba mileMge ? isa prakAra ke vicAra vAlA bhogArtta nAmaka cauthA ArttadhyAna kahA jAtA hai T AdipurA dhyAnastava", dhyAnakalpatarU', dhyAnavicAra - savivecana 2, adhyAtmasAra, bhagavatI - ArAdhanA 4, dhyAnasAra 5 ityAdi granthoM meM iSTaphala ko pAne kA saMkalpa krnaa| manuSyoM dvArA kI dharmArAdhanA (tapa, tyAga, saMyama, sevA) ke phalasvarUpa mujhe amuka vyakti kA saMyoga ho, yA amuka vastu kI prApti ho Adi abhilASA karanA nidAna-cintana hai| yaha eka prakAra kA azubha - dhyAna hai, jo ajJAna yA mokSa ke kAraNa hotA hai aura nizcita rUpa se AtmA kA adhaHpatana karatA hai / isa prakAra uparyukta granthoM ke alAvA AvazyakacUrNi", sammativRtti", hitopadezavRtti", prazamarativRtti", amitagatizrAvakAcAra", rAjyaM surendratA bhogAH, khagendratvaM jayazriyaH / kadA me'mI bhaviSyanti, bhogArttaM ceti saGgatam / / 59 nidAnaM bhogakAGkSotthaM saMkliSTasyAnyabhogataH / smRtyanvAharaNaM caiva vedanArttasya tatkSaye / / 58 60 puMsa pIDA vinAzAya syAdArttaM sanidAnamakam / gRhasthasya nidAnena vinA sAdhestrayaM kvacit / / dhyAnakalpatarU, patrasaMkhyA 14, pR. 11-17. dhyAnavicAra - savivecana, pR. 14. 63 adhyAtmasAra - 16/4-5. 64 ArAdhanAvijayodayA TIkA, gAthA - 1697. 65 dhyAnasAra, zloka - 60-70, pR. 18-21. 61 62 66 67 68 dhyAnadIpikA - 5/77-78. AdipurANa, parva - 21 zloka - 33. dhyAnastava, zloka - 10. amaNNuNNasaMpayoge......aTTaM jhANaM jhAyati paritappaMte sidaMte ya / / AvazyakacUrNi, zloka - 1-4. .. iti saMkalpaprabandha | 163 || - sammativRttau, kA. - 3. 113 amanojJasaMprayogAnutpattyadhyavajJAnam... paricattaaTTarUdde mami samabhAvabhAvie sammaM / varadhammasukkajhANANa saMkamo rUkamo hoi maNaguttI / / hitopadezavRttau - 484. For Personal & Private Use Only

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114 adhyAtmamataparIkSAvRtti' ityAdi granthoM meM bhI ArtadhyAna ke cAroM prakAroM kA bahuta hI sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| dhyAnazataka meM ArtadhyAna ko saMsAra kA kAraNa batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki rAga-dveSa aura moha- ye saMsAravarddhana ke mukhya kAraNa haiN| ye tInoM ArtadhyAna meM vidyamAna haiM, ataH ArttadhyAna saMsArarUpI vRkSa kA bIja hai|2 icchAoM, kAmanAoM, vAsanAoM, AkAMkSAoM, apekSAoM tathA abhilASAoM kI utpatti yA pUrti se hone vAlA sukha, sukha nahIM, mAtra sukhAbhAsa hai| aise paudgalika-sukhoM arthAt bhautika sukha-sAmagrI ko pAne ke lie cintana karanA, Atura honA- yahI ArttadhyAna kA cauthA prakAra hai| isa prakAra, kevala apane hI sukha-duHkha kI hara pala, hara kSaNa cintA karate rahanA athavA viSaya-sukhoM ke prati pragAr3ha rAga evaM duHkhoM ke prati tIvra dveSa karanA ArttadhyAna hai| saMkSepa meM, itanA hI samajhanA hai ki jisameM Atmarati meM hAni aura paudgalika-Asakti meM vRddhi ho- aise kAraNoM evaM tajjanita kAryoM meM utkaNThA sahita DUbA rahanA ArtadhyAna hai| 69 Artta cturdhaa| amanojJaviSayasaMprayoge sati ......... bhvmaarttmiti| - prazamarativRttau- 20. . 70 priyayogA-'priyayogA ........... bandhanama ||11|| - amitagati zrAvakAcAre. pari.- 15. 11 adhyAtmamata parIkSAvRttau, 85. rAgo doso moho ya jeNa saMsAraheyavo bhnniyaa| aTTami ya te tiNNi vi to taM saMsAratarUbIyaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 13. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___115 Avazyakaniyukti dIpikA kI TIkA para AdhArita ArtadhyAna ke bheda (dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 16) ArtadhyAna ke 45 bheda rogaviyoga iSTaviSayavedanA aniSTa viSaya nidAna viyoga cintana (15) praNidhAna (3) aviyoga cintana (18) cintana (9) viSaya vedanA aniSTasparza aniSTarasa aniSTagaMdha aniSTarUpa bhUtakAla vartamAnakAla bhaviSyakAla iSTa sparza + bhUtakAla vartamAnakAla bhaviSyakAla aniSTazabda iSTa rasa iSTa gadha bhUtakAla vartamAnakAla bhaviSyakAla iSTa rUpa iSTa zabda bhUtakAla bhaviSyakAla - vartamAnakAla - prastuta cArTa dhyAnazataka, saM.- zrImadvijayakIrttiyazasUri, sanmArga prakAzana, ahamadAbAda pustaka ko AdhAra mAnakara liyA gayA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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raudradhyAna kA svarUpa AtA hai, jisameM kuTila bhAvoM kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai / sAmAnyataH, raudra kA artha hotA hai- krodha, barbara bhayAnaka Adi / dUsaroM ko rulAne yA kaSTa dene kI jo vRtti hai, vaha raudradhyAna hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, prANiyoM kI hiMsA Adi pariNAmoM se pariNata AtmA raudra kahalAtI hai| aisI AtmA kI caitasika-kriyA athavA vyApAra ko raudradhyAna kahate haiN| saMkSepa meM, hiMsAdi krUra pravRttiyoM meM nirantara mAnasika - pariNati-rUpa ekAgratA raudradhyAna hai / raudradhyAna kA svarUpa aura lakSaNa kahA bhI gayA hai- 'prANinAM rodanAd rUdraH tattra bhavaM raudram, arthAt krUra, kaThora evaM hiMsaka vyakti ko rudra kahA jAtA hai aura usa prANI, arthAt jisake dvArA vaha kArya kiyA jAtA hai, usake bhAva ko raudra kahate haiN| 74 isI AdhAra para mahApurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki jo puruSa prANiyoM ko rulAtA hai, vaha rudra evaM krUra kahalAtA hai aura usa puruSa ke dvArA jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha raudradhyAna kahalAtA hai| 75 raudradhyAna bhI aprazasta - dhyAna ke antargata hI Arambha - samArambha kI pravRtti meM lage rahanA, dUsaroM ko duHkha dene kA vicAra karanA, unheM pIr3ita karane meM Ananda mAnanA Adi sabhI kAryoM meM citta kI ekAgratA raudradhyAnarUpa hI hai / " raudradhyAna meM hiMsA karane kA pragAr3ha adhyavasAya hone se isa dhyAna ko ubalate hue sIse ke (rasa) saMzleSaNa se upamita kiyA gayA hai / " 73 (ka) rodayatyaparAniti rUdro duHkhasya hetuH tena kRtaM tatkarma vA raudraM, prANivadhabandhapariNata Atmaiva rUdra ityarthaH / / 74 tattvArthasUtraTIkA- 9-29. (kha) rodayatyaparAniti rUdraH - prANivadhAdipariNata - Atmaiva tasyedaM karma raudram / pravacanasAroddhAravRtti - 1. rUdraH krUrAzayaH prANI raudrakarmAsya kIrttitam / 75 rUdrasya khalu bhAvo vA raudramityabhidhIyate / / (ka) prANinAM rodnAd rUdraH krUraH satveSu nirghRNaH / pusAMstatra bhavaraudraM viddhi dhyAnaM caturvidham / / (kha) mUlAcAra - 396. (ga) bhagavatI - ArAdhanA 76 77 116 -- * jJAnArNava- 24 / 2. mahApurANa - 21/42. 1703, 1528. sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra - 62, pR. 222. dhyAnavicAra - savivecana, pR. 14. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #140
117 AgamasAra meM likhA hai ki dUsaroM ke prati bhayaMkara krUratama pariNAmoM kA cintana karanA, arthAt hiMsA Adi karane ke bAda Ananda mAnanA raudradhyAna kahalAtA hai| krodhAdi tIvra kaSAya hI raudradhyAna kA mukhya kAraNa hai, arthAt rAgadveSa (krodha) aura ajJAna kI atitIvratA honA athavA tIvrakoTi ke raagdvess| jisa prakAra rAga'' azubha-zubha mukhyataH do prakAra kA hotA hai, usI prakAra dveSa bhI ATha prakAra kA hotA hai|80 nayadRSTi kI apekSA se rAgadveSa ke antargata krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai, jaise- 'naigama evaM saMgraha naya' meM krodha, mAna, dveSarUpa tathA mAyA-lobha rAgarUpa haiN| . vyavahAranaya' kI apekSA se vizeSAvazyakabhASya 2 evaM kaSAyapAhuDa meM krodha, mAna aura mAyA ko dveSarUpa tathA mAtra lobha ko hI rAgadveSa mAnA gayA hai| 'RjusUtranaya' kI apekSA se vizeSAvazyakabhASya 4 meM mAnyatA yaha hai ki krodha dveSarUpa hai, jabaki mAna, mAyA, lobha, prasaMga ke anurUpa kabhI rAgarUpa, to kabhI dveSarUpa meM pariNata hote haiM, kyoMki prastuta naya varttamAnagrAhI hai| 'zabdanaya' kI dRSTi se vizeSAvazyakabhASya 5 meM likhA hai ki zabdAdi tIna nayoM kI apekSA se mAna, mAyA aura lobha ko sammilita kiyA hai| jaba ye sva-upakAra se jur3e hote haiM, taba rAgarUpa, kintu jaba ye paraghAtI ke rUpa meM pariNata hote haiM, taba ye dveSarUpa bana jAte haiN| 'dhyAnazataka' meM raudradhyAna ke svarUpa kA vivecana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki svArtha, dveSa, IrSyA, hiMsA, zatrutA, lobha ityAdi ke hetuoM se vyakti ke citta meM ahitakara, ayogya evaM krUratama vicAroM, adhyavasAyoM kA prAdurbhAva honA hI raudradhyAna hai| isa dhyAna ko karane vAlA dhyAnI hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, dhanarakSA meM lIna, chedana-bhedana Adi pravRttiyoM meM rAga rakhatA hai| cugalI karanA, aniSTasUcaka vacana bolanA, rUkhA 79 AgamasAra, pR. 169. 79 pravacanasAra, gAthA-66-69. 80 IrSyA roSo doSo dveSaH parivAdamatsarAsUyAH / __ vairapracaNDanAdyA naike dveSasya paryAyAH / / - prazamarati-prakaraNa, zloka- 19. 81 vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA- 2969. 82 vahI, gAthA- 2970. 89 kaSAyacUrNi, adhyayana 1, gAthA- 21, sUtra- 89. 7 vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA- 2971-2974. 85 vahI, gAthA- 2975-2977. For Personal & Private Use Only

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bolanA, asatya bolanA, jIvaghAta kA Adeza Adi cintana raudradhyAna ke antargata hI Ate haiN| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA viracita raudradhyAna ke lakSaNa (doSa) - dhyAnAdhyayana (dhyAnazataka) meM ArttadhyAna ke varNana ke pazcAt raudradhyAna ke svarUpa, doSa, lakSaNa, pahacAna Adi kA nivAraNa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki raudradhyAnI jIva satata hiMsAdi pApoM meM pravarttamAna rahatA hai, ataH usake nimnAMkita cAra doSa dekhe jA sakate ___ 1. utsannadoSa 2. bahuladoSa 3. nAnAvidhadoSa 4. AmaraNadoSa 1. utsanna - doSa jo kisI bhI eka meM atyanta Asakti se pravRtta hokara athavA kAmabhoga, viSaya-vAsanA, kAmanA, rAga-dveSa Adi doSoM meM DUbA rahatA hai aura anya ko prasanna dekhakara jise svayaM ko prasannatA nahIM hotI hai, jo dUsaroM ko sukhI dekhakara IrSyA karatA hai, athavA jise anya ke Ananda meM Anandita honA pasanda nahIM hai, vaha raudradhyAnI hai / hiMsAdi cAra prakAro meM se kisI eka meM racA-pacA rahanA hI raudradhyAna kA doSa hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, raudradhyAna ke hiMsAdi cAra prakAroM meM se kisI eka meM bahulatayA pravRtta honA hI utsanna-doSa hai / 86 2. bahula-doSa - jisameM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI Adi doSoM kI bahulatA rahatI hai, vaha bahula- doSa hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, raudradhyAna ke sabhI prakAroM meM pravRtta honA hI bahula-doSa hai / 3. nAnAvidha - doSa raudradhyAna meM rata jIva hiMsA, jhUTha Adi aneka krUra evaM duSTa adhyavasAyoM tathA pravRttiyoM ko sukhaprApti kA mArga mAnatA hai| vaha bhayaMkara ajJAnI hotA hai, ataH vaha nAnAvidha doSoM se yukta hotA hai, yA phira ise isa prakAra bhI samajha sakate 118 liMgAI tassa ussaNNa - bahula - nANAvihA''maraNadosA / siM ciya hiMsAisu bAhirakaraNovauttassa / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 26. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #142
119 haiM ki isa doSa vAlA raudradhyAnI camar3I udher3ane, AMkheM nikAlane Adi hiMsAtmaka kAryoM meM bAra-bAra pravRtta hotA hai| 4. AmaraNa-doSa - raudradhyAna se yukta jIva kI hiMsA, jhUTha Adi pApoM ke sevana meM citta kI pravRtti lagI rahatI hai, ataH vaha inheM AjIvana kAyama rakhanA cAhatA hai. yaha AmaraNa-doSa hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, jisameM maraNAnta taka hiMsAdi karane kA anutApa nahIM hotA hai, vaha raudradhyAnI AmaraNa-doSa se yukta hotA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra", bhagavatIsUtra tathA aupapAtikasUtra ke antargata bhI uparyukta cAroM doSoM kA varNana hai| ina granthoM ke anusAra 1. hiMsAdi kisI eka pApa meM satata pravRtti karanA utsanna-doSa hai| / 2. hiMsAdi sabhI pApoM meM sadaiva saMlagna rahanA bahula-doSa hai| 3. mithyAdRSTikoNa ke kAraNa hiMsAdi adhArmika kAryoM ko dharma mAnanA hI ajJAna-doSa hai| 4. maraNakAla taka bhI hiMsAdi karane kA anutApa na honA AmaraNAMta-doSa hai| aisA vyakti kaThoratA, niSThuratA, krUratApUrNa AcaraNa karatA hai| hiMsA kI pravRtti aisI bhayAnaka hotI hai ki jise karate samaya vyakti ke bhItara atyanta krUratama bhAva utpanna hote haiN| karuNA, komalatA, dayA ke bhAvoM kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai| jo vyakti niraMtara aisI hiMsaka-pravRttiyoM meM saMlagna rahatA hai, usa vyakti ko atiraudra svabhAva vAlA vyakti kahA jAtA hai| adhyAtmasAra meM kahA hai ki hiMsAdi kI pravRtti meM utsannadoSa, bahuladoSa, AmaraNadoSa, pApa karake harSa se ahaMkAra karanA, nirdayatA, pazcAtAparahitatA, dUsaroM ke duHkha meM prasannatA- ye raudradhyAna ke liMga haiN| dhIra vyakti ko inakA tyAga karanA caahie| 87 rUddassaNaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paNNatA, taM jahA-osaNNadose, bahudose, aNNANadose, aamrnnNtdoso| - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 64, pR. 223. 88 bhagavatIsUtra- 803. 89 aupapAtikasUtra- 20. 90 utsannabahudoSatvaM, naanaarnndosstaa| hiMsAdiSu pravRttizca, kRtvAcaM smymaantaa|| nirdayatvA'nanuzayo, bahumAnaH praapdi| liGgAnyatretyado dhIre-styAjyaM nrkduHkhdm|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/15-16. 91 hiMsopakaraNAdAnaM, kruursttvessvnugrhm| nistriMzatAdiliGgAni, raudre bAhyAni dehinaH / / For Personal & Private Use Only

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120 jJAnArNava meM bhI raudradhyAnI ke lakSaNa kI carcA hai- "hiMsA ke upakaraNabhUta viSa-zastrAdika grahaNa karanA, duSTa jIvoM ke viSaya meM upakAra kA bhAva rakhanA tathA nirdayatApUrNa vyavahAra, duSTatA, daNDa kI kaThoratA, dhUrtatA, kaThoratA aura svabhAva meM nirdayatA, agni ke raMga ke samAna lAla netra, bhRkuTiyoM kI kuTilatA, zarIra kI bhayAnaka AkRti, kAMpanA aura pasInA AnA ityAdi raudradhyAna ke samaya prANiyoM ke Abhyantara tathA bAhya-cihna hote haiN| dhyAnasAra meM bhI jJAnArNava ke samAna hI raudradhyAna ke antaraMga tathA bAhya-lakSaNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai|92 dhyAnadIpikA meM raudradhyAna ke lakSaNoM kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki krUratA, hRdaya kI kaThoratA, ThagapanA, asahya daNDa denA, nirdayatA ityAdi raudradhyAnI kI pahacAna AcAryoM ne batAI hai| dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka sattAIsa ke anusAra- 'raudradhyAnI parapIr3A meM prasanna hotA hai, dUsaroM ke duHkha kA abhinandana karatA hai, dUsaroM ko vipatti meM dekha ati praphullita hotA hai| vaha nirapekSa hotA hai, dUsaroM ko vinAza va duHkha se bacAne kA prayatna nahIM karatA hai, nirdayI hotA hai, asaMvedanazIla hotA hai aura anutAparahita hotA hai| vaha hiMsAdi pApa karake harSita hotA hai|' AdipurANa, dhyAnakalpatarU, dhyAnavicAra-savivecana". Adi granthoM meM raudradhyAnI ke lakSaNoM kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisakA citta raudradhyAna meM kraratA daNDapArUSyaM, vaMcakatvaM ktthortaa| nistriMzatvaM ca ligAni, raudrasyoktAnisUribhiH / / / visphuliGganibhe netre, bhrUvakA bhISaNAkRtiH / kampaH svedAdiliGgAni, raudre bAhyAni dehinaam|| - jJAnArNava- 26/13- 35-36. vaM vaMcakatvaM ca ............... bAhyaM raudrasya lkssnnN|| - dhyAnasAra, zloka- 110-111, pR. 33. 93 krUratA cittakAThinyaM, vaMcakatvaM kudnnddtaa| nistUMzatvaM ca liGgAni, raudrasyoktAni sUribhiH / / - dhyAnadIpikAyAm, zloka- 95. 94 paravasaNaM abhinaMdai niravikkho niddao nirnnutaavo| harisijjai kayapAvo roddjjhaannovgycitto|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 27. 95 bAhyaM tu liGgamasyAhubhrUbhaGgAM mukhvikriyaam| __ prasvedamaGgakaM paMca netryoshcaatitaamrtaam|| - AdipurANa, parva- 21, zloka- 53. 96 dhyAnakalpatarU, dvi. zA., patra- 1-4, pR. 46-52. 97 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 16. For Personal & Private Use Only

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121 vyApta rahatA hai, vaha dUsaroM ko duHkhI dekhakara khuza hotA hai, duHkhI prANI ke prati usake hRdaya meM anukampA, dayA yA sahAnubhUti prakaTa nahIM hotI hai| anucita kAma karane ke bAda use pazcAtApa bhI nahIM hotA, apitu pApAcaraNa karake vaha harSita, pulakita, pramudita hotA hai- aisA vyakti raudradhyAna vAlA kahA gayA hai| raudradhyAna ke cAra bheda dhyAnazataka grantha ke granthakAra ne raudradhyAna ke lakSaNoM dvArA use paribhASita karate hue kahA hai ki sAmAnyatayA krUratApUrNa vicAra va kArya athavA tInoM yogoM (mana, vacana, kAyA) se hiMsAdi ke prati rAgAtmaka-adhyavasAya raudradhyAna hai| jo bhautika sukha-suvidhAoM meM Asakta banakara, kartavya-akartavya kA bhAna bhulAkara tathA krUra Azaya vAlA banakara sva evaM para ke prati ahitakArI kArya karatA hai, vaha raudradhyAnI hai| yaha raudradhyAna hiMsAnubandhI, mRSAnubandhI, steyAnubandhI aura viSayasaMrakSaNAnubandhI- aisA cAra prakAra kA hotA hai| 1. hiMsAnubandhI-raudradhyAna - granthakAra sarvaprathama hiMsAnubandhI-raudradhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM ki nirdayI antaHkaraNa vAlA vyakti jaba prANiyoM ke vadha, bandhana, dahana, aMkana aura mArane Adi kA praNidhAna (dRr3ha adhyavasAya) karatA hai, arthAt uparyukta kAryoM ko abhI taka kiyA nahIM, phira bhI una kAryoM ko karane kI jo dRr3ha vicAradhArA hotI hai, vaha hiMsAnubandhI nAmaka prathama raudradhyAna hai| isakA vipAka nimnakoTi kA athavA adhama hotA hai, usake phalasvarUpa narakAdi adhamagati milatI hai| isake lakSaNa isa prakAra haiMvadha - cAbuka Adi se pratAr3ita krnaa| vedhana - kIla Adi ke mAdhyama se nAsikA Adi ko vedhnaa| bandhana - rassI Adi se bAMdhakara rkhnaa| dahana - agni Adi se jlaanaa| 99 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 19-22. 99 sattavaha ...................... ...bivaagN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 19. For Personal & Private Use Only

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122 aMkana - mAraNa - garamAgarama lohe kI zalAkA Adi se zarIra para cihna aMkita krnaa| pITanA tathA prANavihIna krnaa| ina kAryoM meM anurAga rakhanA, athavA ina kAryoM ke karate samaya hRdaya meM karuNA, dayA Adi utpanna na honA- yaha saba hiMsAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai| sthAnAMgasUtra100 kI dRSTi se hiMsAnubandhI-raudradhyAna vaha hai, jo nirantara hiMsaka pravRttiyoM meM tanmayatA rakhatA hai| jJAnArNava meM raudradhyAna ke prathama bheda para prakAza DAlate hue likhA gayA hai ki jo jIva nirantara krUra svabhAva se saMyukta, svabhAvataH krodha-kaSAya se saMtapta, pApabuddhi, durAcArI, hiMsA meM kuzalatA kA anubhava karane vAlA, pApa ke upadeza meM atizaya pravINa, pratighAta meM tIvra anurAga ke bhAva rakhane vAlA ho- aise vyakti ko AcArya zubhacaMdra ne jJAnArNava ke yogapradIpAdhikAra meM raudradhyAnI kahA hai| yaha raudradhyAna kA hiMsAnanda nAmaka prathama bheda hai|101 ___ AdipurANa'02 meM kahA gayA hai ki mArane aura bAMdhane Adi kI icchA karanA, aMga-bhaMga karanA, saMtApa denA, kaThora daNDa denA Adi ko vidvAn loga hiMsAnanda nAma kA raudradhyAna kahate haiN| hiMsaka puruSa tIvrakaSAya dvArA dUsaroM evaM svayaM- donoM kA ahita kara baiThatA hai| svayaMbhUramaNa samudra meM rahA huA tandula matsya mAtra bhAvoM dvArA hI hiMsA karatA hai| pUrvakAla meM aravinda nAmaka vidyAdhara kevala rudhira meM snAna karane rUpa raudradhyAna se hI naraka gayA thaa| adhyAtmasAra103 meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne raudradhyAna ke bhedoM kA vivecana karate hue kahA hai ki hiMsAnubandhI jIva hiMsA kA anubandha karane vAlA hotA hai, arthAt hiMsA ke vicAra dvArA bhArI karmabandha karatA hai| jaise maiM sabhI ko golI se ur3A dUMgA, yA 100 (ka) rodde jhANe cauvihe paNNatte, taM jahA-hiMsANubandhi - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 63, pR. 223. (kha) samavAyAMgasUtra, samavAya- 4. 101 jJAnArNava, sarga- 26, zloka-6-14. 102 vadhabandhAbhisandhAna .... .....viveza sH|| - AdipurANa, parva- 21/45-48. 103 nirdayaM vadhabandhAdi-cintana nibiddkrudhaa| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/11. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sabhI ko mAra duuNgaa| atyanta krodhita hokara nirdayatApUrvaka vadha, bandhana kA cintana bhI hiMsAnubandhI- raudradhyAna hai / dhyAnadIpikA ke racayitA upAdhyAya sakalacandrajI ne raudradhyAna ke prathama bheda kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki svayaM jIvoM ke samudAya ko pIr3A denA, kadarthanA karanA, krodhAgni se pradIpta rahanA, nirantara nirdayI bhAvoM vAlA bane rahanA, pApabuddhi se yukta, gotradevI tathA brAhmaNAdi kI pUjA hetu bakarI vagairaha jIvoM kA ghAta karanA, jalacara, sthalacara, khecara ityAdi jIvoM kA galA aura netrAdi kA nAza karanA hiMsAnubandhI nAmaka prathama raudradhyAna hai| 104 tattvArthasUtra'' -106 dhyAnavicAra 107 svAmI . 111 dhyAnakalpatarU " kArttikeyAnuprekSA siddhAntasArasaMgraha 110 aura dhyAnasAra ' meM likhA hai ki hiMsA karanA, jIvoM kA saMhAra karanA, kisI kA burA cintana karanA, chedana, bhedana tAr3ana, bandhana, prahAra, damana Adi pravRtti karanA, anAtha, asahAya, nirbala, parAdhIna, nirAdhAra aura asamartha jIvoM ko svArtha se athavA binA svArtha ke duHkha denA, unheM duHkhI dekha harSa manAnA - yaha saba hiMsAnubandhI- raudradhyAna hai / 105 104 pIr3ite ca tathA dhvaste 105 tattvArthasUtra - 9/36. 109 2. mRSAnubandhI- raudradhyAna dhyAnazataka meM mRSAnubandhI- raudradhyAna kA varNana karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki mAyAvI, dUsaroM ko Thagane meM nipuNa athavA pravarttamAna, apane pApoM ko chipAne meM tatpara jIva ke pizanu, arthAt aniSTa vacana, athavA asabhya, asatya aura abhASya vacana tathA prANaghAta karane vAle vacanoM meM rata na hone para bhI unake prati dRr3ha praNidhAna honA raudradhyAna kA mRSAnubandhI nAmaka dvitIya prakAra hai / 12 mRSAnubandhI-raudradhyAnI aisA vicAra karatA hai- 'maiM apanI vAkapaTutA ke dvArA janasamudAya ko AkarSita kara unake pAsa se rUpavatI kanyA, hIrA, pannA, ratna, dhana, .. bhavet / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka - 83-86. 109 106 dhyAnakalpatarU, dvitIya zAkhA, prathama patra, pR. 26 - 32. 107 dhyAnavicAra' - savivecana, pR. 15. 108 AgamasAra, pR. 169. 112 svAmI kArttikeyAnuprekSA ( svAmIkumAra), gAthA - 475. 110 siddhAntasArasaMgraha - 11 /42. 111 dhyAnasAra, zloka - 75-83, pR. 23-25. pisuNA - 123 AgamasAra 108, 7 . pacchannapAvassa / / For Personal & Private Use Only dhyAnatazaka, gAthA - 20.

Page #147
124 dhAnya, makAna, dukAna Adi prApta kara lUMgA aura maiM AjIvana sukha bhogUMgA- aise aneka prakAra ke asatya manobhAvoM kA honA hI mRSAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai|113 jJAnArNava' meM likhA hai- 'maiM apane asatya-bhASaNa kI caturAI ke prabhAva dvArA logoM se dhanadhAnya, hAthI-ghor3A, nagara, suvarNa kI khAnoM, sundara kanyAoM Adi ko grahaNa karUMgA, isa prakAra apanI vAkpaTutA ke dvArA janasAdhAraNa ko Thagate hue unheM samIcIna mArga se spaSTa karake kumArga meM pravarttamAna karane aura dUsare loga merI caturAI se akaraNIya kAryoM meM prayatnazIla hoMge, isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai- aise vicAra karane ko bhI prAcIna RSiyoM ne mRSAnandasvarUpa-raudradhyAna kahA hai| AdipurANa'15 meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai ki jhUTha bolakara asatya-vacanoM dvArA logoM ko dhokhA dene kA cintana karanA mRSAnanda nAma kA dUsarA raudradhyAna hai| adhyAtmasAra116 meM likhA hai ki mRSA arthAt asatya / asatya ke aneka prakAra haiM, jaise- duSTavacana bolane kA mana meM vicAra utpanna honA, cugalI karane kA vicAra karanA, kisI kI gupta bAta athavA marma prakaTa karane kA vicAra karanA, apamAnajanaka zabda bolane kA bhAva honA, gAlI, ThagAI, jhUThA Aropa lagAne meM saphAI se peza AnA Adi ke dvArA mana meM mAtra kalpanAoM ke dvArA raudradhyAna karanA bhayaMkara karmabandha kA kAraNa hai tathA mAyA yA kapaTa ke kAraNa aisA mRSAnubandhI-raudradhyAna jIva ko durgati meM le jAtA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra17 ke anusAra, hiMsAnubandhI-raudradhyAna vaha hai, jisase asatya-bhASaNa sambandhI cittavRttiyoM kI ekAgratA hotI hai| dhyAnadIpikA18 meM raudradhyAna ke dvitIya bheda kA ullekha karate hue granthakAra ne kahA hai- asatya-kalpanA ke dvArA anya ko ThaganA, zastra banavAnA, kisI ko hiMsA ke 113 dhyAnazataka kitAba se uddhRta, saM. - kanhaiyAlAla, DaoN suSamA, pR. 20. 114 asatyakalpanAjAla ....mRSAnandAtmakaM raudraM tatpraNItaM purAtanaiH / / - jJAnArNava, sarga- 26, zloka- 16-23. 115 mRSAnando 'mRssaavaadairtisndhaancintnm| vAkpArUSyAdiliGgaM tad dvitIyaM raudrmissyte|| - AdipurANa, parva- 21, zloka- 50. 116 pizunA'sabhyamithyAvAk praNidhAnaM ca maayyaa| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/11. 117 rodde jhANe cauvihe paNNatte, taM jahA-hiMsANubandhi, mosANubandhi ...... || ___- sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 63. pR. 223. 118 vidhAya vaccakaM zAstraM mArgamuddizaya hiNskm| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #148
mArga para gatizIla karanA, logoM ko kaSTa meM DAlakara vAMcchita sukha bhoganA, asat kalpanAoM dvArA mana ko malina karane kI ceSTAeM nizcayarUpa se mRSAnanda nAmaka raudradhyAna hai / tattvArthasUtra'19 dhyAnakalpatarU' dhyAnavicAra'21, AgamasAra122 Rs125 Adi granthoM meM svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA 123 siddhAMtasArasaMgraha 124 aura dhyAnasAra' " likhA hai ki asatya kisa prakAra bolA jAe, kisa prakAra asatya bolakara dUsaroM ko dhokhA diyA jAe, ThagAI kI jAe, sampatti kA haraNa kiyA jAe ityAdi athavA saMkalpapUrvaka chala-kapaTa karake dUsaroM ko santapta karane ke lie ekAgratApUrNa asatya kA cintana karanA mRSAnanda nAmaka dUsare prakAra kA raudradhyAna hai| dUsare artha meM, paravaMcanA meM prayatnazIla yA pracchanna pApa-pra pa - pravRtti se yukta jIva ke pizuna, asabhya, asadbhUta tathA prANI ke ghAta karane vAle vacanoM meM udyamazIla na hone para bhI jo unake prati dRr3ha cintana hotA hai, vaha bhI mRSAnubandhI- raudradhyAna hai / 3. steyAnubandhI- raudradhyAna dhyAnazataka meM steyAnubandhI- raudradhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kahate haiM ki tIvra krodha aura tIvra lobha meM Akula-vyAkula hokara dUsare prANiyoM kA hanana karane aura dUsaroM ke padArthoM kA haraNa karane kA cintana karanA tathA pAralaukika-apAyoM arthAt naraka meM jAne kA Dara yA bhaya na rahanA, vaha raudradhyAna kA steyAnubandhI nAmaka tRtIya prakAra hai / 126 mola meM, taula meM, mApa meM, chApa meM dUsaroM ko Thagane yA lUTane kA vicAra karanA, grAhakoM ko vizvAsa meM lene ke lie gAya kI, bacce kI, bhagavAn kI kasama khA jAnA, apekSita lAbha hone para prasanna prapAtya vyasane lokaM, bhokSye'haM vAcchitaM sukham / / asatya kalpanA koTI- kazmalIkRtamAnasaH / ceSTate yajjanastaddhi-mRSAnanda hi raudrakam / / 'tattvArthasUtra - 9 / 36. dhyAnakalpatarU, dvitIya zAkhA, dvitIya patra, pR. 33-37. 121 dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR. 15. 122 119 120 -120 AgamasAra, pR. 169. 123 svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA - 475. 124 siddhAntasArasaMgraha - 11 /43. 125 dhyAnasAra, zloka - 84-90. 126 taha tivvakoha-lohAulassa bhUovadhAyaNamaNajjaM / paradavvaharaNacittaM paraloyAvAyaniravikkhaM / / 125 dhyAnadIpikA, prakAza - 6, zloka - 87-88. dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 21. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #149
126 honA, apanI dhUrtatA ko buddhimAnI samajhakara harSita honA- ye sabhI cauryAnubandhI-raudradhyAna haiN| cora corI karake pastu lAyA ho, use saste bhAva se lekara Anandita honA, cora ko sahAyatA denA, usase corI karavAnA ityAdi dhanaharaNa ke saba kArya adattAdAnAnubandhI yA steyAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai|17 / jJAnArNava meM likhA hai ki jo corI-viSayaka upadeza detA hai, corI ke kArya meM caturatA dikhAtA hai, arthAt jisameM corI ke viSaya meM atyadhika ruci hotI hai, use cauryAnanda-raudradhyAna mAnA jAtA hai| 128 AdipurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki dUsaroM ke dravya ke haraNa karane arthAt corI karane meM apanA citta lagAnA, usI kA cintana karanA steyAnanda nAma kA tIsarA raudradhyAna hai| 29 adhyAtmasAra meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne raudradhyAna ke bhedoM kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki atitIvra krodha se vyAkula vyakti ko corI karane kI buddhi hotI hai| corI karane kA prayojana dravya-lolupatA kA sUcaka hai aura vahI steyAnanda nAmaka raudradhyAna hai|130 dhyAnadIpikA'31 meM batAyA gayA hai ki corI karane ke lie jIvoM kA ghAta Adi kI cintA dvArA mana meM vikSobha rahanA, corI ke lie jIvoM kA vinAza karake Anandita honA, jAnavaroM, dhana-dhAnya aura uttama striyoM se bharapUra sAmagrI ko prApta kara khuzI se jhUma uThanA- aise adhyavasAya cauryAnanda-raudradhyAna ke pratIka haiN| 127 prastuta sandarbha dhyAnazataka se uddhRta, anu.- kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pR. 74. 128 cauryopadezabAhulyaM .....................prnniitm|| - jJAnArNava, sarga- 21, zloka- 24-28. 129 steyAnandaH paradravyaharaNe smRtiyojnN| bhavet saMrakSaNAnandaH smRtirthArjanAdiSu / / - AdipurANa, parva- 21, zloka- 57. 1130 cauryadhI nirapekSasya tIvrakrodhAkalasya c| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/12. 131 cauryArtha jIvaghAtAdi cintAH yasya maansm| kRtvA taccintitArthaM yat, hRSTastaccauryamuditam / / dvipadacatuSpadasAraM, dhanadhAnyavarAGganAsamAkIrNam / vastu parakIyamapi, me svAdhInaM cauryasAmarthyAt / / caurya bahuprakAraM, graamaadhvdeshghaatkrnnecchaa| satatamiti cauryaraudraM, bhktyvshyNshvmrgmnm|| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakAza- 6, zloka- 89- 91. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #150
. 127 tattvArthasUtra'32. dhyAnakalpatarU133. dhyAnavicAra'34. AgamasAra135 svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA' siddhAntasArasaMgraha", zrAvakAcArasaMgraha'38 tathA dhyAnasAra'39 ityAdi granthoM meM bhI raudradhyAna ke tIsare prakAra kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki corI ke kAryoM meM tatparatA honA, dUsaroM kI cauryakalA yA kauzalatA kI prazaMsA karanA, catuSpada jIvoM ko apane sAmarthyabala se vaza meM karake bhoganA, paradravyaharaNa kA satata cintana karanA-karAnA aura usakA anumodana karanA, usameM harSita yA Anandita honA hI steyAnubandhI, cauryAnanda athavA taskarAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai| sthAnAMgasUtra'40 kI dRSTi meM steyAnubandhI raudradhyAna vaha hai, jisameM nirantara corI karane-karAne kI pravRtti-sambandhI cittavRtti kI ekAgratA hotI hai| 4. viSayasaMrakSaNAnubandhI-raudradhyAna - dhyAnazataka ke racanAkAra viSaya saMrakSaNAnubandhI-raudradhyAna ke caturtha svarUpa kA nirdeza isa prakAra karate haiM zabda, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza- ina indriya-viSayoM ke bhoga kA AdhAra dhana hai| isI kAraNa se viSayAsakta jIva kI cintanadhArA usa dhana ke saMrakSaNa meM kendrita rahatI hai| hara pala usake mana meM eka zaMkA banI rahatI hai ki na jAne kauna kisa samaya kyA anartha karegA, ataH usake lie to sabakA ghAta kara DAlanA hI hitakara hai- isa prakAra ke jo usake kaluSita vicAra hote haiM, vahI viSayasaMrakSaNAnubandhI -raudradhyAna hai|141 dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to atitIvra krodha aura lobha se Akula-vyAkula142 jIva kA viSayoM kI prApti aura dhana kI surakSA meM lage rahanA, anabhISTa ciMtana meM DUbe rahanA, satata 132 tattvArthasUtra- 9136. 133 dhyAnakalpatarU, dvitIya zAkhA, tRtIya patra, pR. 38-42. dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR. 15 135 AgamasAra, pR. 169. 136 svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, svAmI kumAra, gAthA- 475-476. 137 siddhAntasArasaMgraha- 11/44. zrAvakAcArasaMgraha- 41.5, pR. 351. 139 dhyAnasAra, zloka-91-98. 140 rodde jhANe ................... || - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 7, sUtra- 63, pR. 223. 141 saddAivisayasAhaNa dhaNasArakkhaNaparAyaNama NiTuM / satvAbhisaMkaNaparovadhAyakalusAulaM cittN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 22. 142 AcArAMgasUtra meM Akula-vyAkula ke artha meM jhaMjhA zabda kA prayoga huA hai| - AyAroM, a. 3, e. 3. sU. 63. For Personal & Private Use Only

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128 zaMkA meM rata rahanA, dUsaroM ke prANoM ke ghAta ke vicAra se Akula-vyAkula rahanA, dhanasaMcaya meM gAr3ha Asakti rakhanA143 parigrahAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai| parigraha do prakAra kA hai144_ 1. bAhya-parigraha evaM 2. aabhyntr-prigrh| isake atirikta, kSetra, vAstu, dhana-dhAnyAdi nau prakAra kA bAhya-parigraha hai evaM mithyAtva, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA aura tIna veda (puruSa, strI, napuMsaka) - ye caudaha prakAra ke Abhyantara-parigraha haiN| inake saMrakSaNa kI satata cintA parigrahAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai| jJAnArNava meM likhA hai ki duSTa abhiprAyavAlA prANI, jo AraMbha aura parigraha ke saMrakSaNa ke viSaya meM sadA prayatnazIla rahatA hai, usake lie saMkalpa-vikalpa karatA rahatA hai, apane-Apako zaktimAn, buddhimAn Adi sabakucha samajhatA hai, yAnI, aisA samajhatA hai ki usake jaisA dUsarA koI nahIM hai, vaha hI sabakucha hai- yaha saba caturtha raudradhyAna ke hI prakAra haiM, aisA nirmala buddhi ke dhAraka gaNadharAdi kA kathana hai|145 AdipurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki yena-kena-prakAreNa dhana kA upArjana karanA, nirantara dhanasaMgraha Adi kA cintana karanA saMrakSaNAnanda nAmaka cauthA raudradhyAna hai|146 sthAnAMgasUtra kI dRSTi se saMrakSaNAnubandhI-raudradhyAna vaha hai, jisameM jIva nirantara parigraha ke arjana tathA saMrakSaNa ke sambandha meM tallIna rahatA hai| 147 adhyAtmasAra meM upAdhyAyapravara yazovijayajI ne kahA hai ki dhana kI surakSA ke lie yukti-prayukti kA vicAra karate rahanA, bhaya aura AzaMkA se azubha-vicAra karate rahanA, koI mere dhana ko chuegA bhI, to maiM use mAra DAlUMgA- aisI kalpanA karanA, koI mujhe burI najara se dekhegA, to maiM usakI AMkheM phor3a dUMgA, jAna se mAra dUMgA- aise vicAra mana meM lAnA saMrakSaNAnanda nAmaka caturtha raudradhyAna hai| aisA jIva vyartha meM pApa kA bojhA lekara naraka kI ora prayANa karatA hai|148 143 dazavaikAlika a. 6. gAthA-21. (ka) mUlAcAra, bhAga- 1, adhi.- 5, zloka- 2 (kha) AcArasAra, adhi.- 5, zloka- 61. 145 bahavArambhaparigraheSu ........ .............jagadekanA thaiH| - jJAnArNava, sarga- 26. zloka- 29-35. 146 bhavet saMrakSaNAnandaH smRtirthArjanAdiSu.... || - AdipurANa- 21/51. 11 sthAnAMgasUtra, sthA.- 4, uddezaka- 1, sUtra-63. pR. 223. 148 sarvAbhizaGkAkaluSaM, cittaM ca dhnrkssnne|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/12. For Personal & Private Use Only

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129 dhyAnadIpikA meM batAyA gayA hai ki atiArambha, atiparigraha ke lie saMgrAma karaka, yA jIvoM kA ghAta karake parigraha kI rakSA karane kA dRr3ha praNidhAnarUpa saMrakSaNAnubandhI-raudradhyAna hai| 49 AvazyakacUrNi meM raudradhyAna ke cAroM bhedoM kA sundara varNana kiyA gayA haitrasa-sthAvaraM jIvoM kI hiMsA, jhUTha bolane kI pragAr3ha icchA, corI ke adhyavasAya tathA sonA, cAMdI kI rakSA hetu dUsaroM kA ghAta karanA- ye sabhI raudradhyAna ke rUpa haiN|150 sammatitarka-vRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki hiMsA ke Ananda, asatya-bhASaNa ke Ananda, corI ke Ananda aura dhana-saMrakSaNa ke Ananda- inake bheda se raudradhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiN|151 hitopadezavRtti meM bhI raudradhyAna ko nimna cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai- 1. prANiyoM kA vadha Adi hiMsAnubandha karane vAlA praNidhAna 2. pizuna, asabhya Adi vacanoM kA praNidhAna 3. tIvralobha ke vazIbhUta hokara paradravyAdi kA haraNarUpa praNidhAna aura 4. dhana kI surakSA, sabhI para zaMkA, jIvoM ke upaghAta-sambandhI praNidhAna / 152 tattvArthasUtra'53, tattvArthasiddhavRtti, prazamarativRti'55, dhyAnakalpatarU156 dhyAnavicAra'57. AgamasAra'58, svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA'59. siddhAntasArasaMgraha dhyAnasAra161 Adi granthoM meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai ki hiMsA meM Ananda mAnanA, jhUThI gavAhI denA, dUsaroM ko Thagane ke upAya socanA Adi meM mana kA tanmaya yA tallIna honA, dhana kA haraNa karane tathA dhanadhAnya Adi kI surakSA hetu rAta-dina mana kA azubha adhyavasAya meM nimagna rahanA raudradhyAna hai| ina kAluSya -pariNAmoM ke kAraNa jIva 149 bahyArambhaparigraha saMgrAmairjantughAtavo rkssaam| kurvan parigrahAdeH rakSAraudrIti vijJeyam / / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 92, pR. 6. 150 hiMsaM anubaMdhati puNo puNo ......sArakkhaNANubaMdhe sezaM thev|| - AvazyakacUrNi. 151 rUdre bhavaM raudraM hiMsA'nRta-steya-saMrakSaNA''nandabhedena cturvidhm|| - sammatitarkavRtti, kA. 3. 152 paricatta atttthruudde| - hitopadezavRttau- 484. 153 hiMsA-nRta-steya-viSaya saMrakSaNebhyo raudram virata......... || - tattvArthasUtra- 9136. 154 hiMsA anRtaM steyaM viSayasaMrakSaNaM ceti dvndvH| - tattvArthasiddhavRtti- 36. 155 rUdra krUro nRzaMsastasyaidaraudram tadapi cturdhaa| - prazamarativRti- 20. 156 dhyAnakalpatarU, dvitIya zAkhA, caturtha patra, pR. 42-49. 157 dhyAnavicAra savivecana, pR. 15. AgasAra, pR. 170. 159 svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA- 475- 476. 100 siddhAntasArasaMgraha- 11/45. dhyAnasAra, zloka- 100-109. For Personal & Private Use Only

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130 durgati ko prApta karatA hai| dhyAnazataka meM kahA gayA hai ki raudradhyAna nindanIya hai| raudradhyAna svayaM karanA nahIM, karavAnA nahIM, sAtha hI karane vAloM ko acchA samajhanA nahIM, kyoMki yaha azreyaskara tathA ahikara hai| 62 rayaNasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki jaba taka jIva Artta-raudradhyAna karatA hai, taba taka jIva mukta nahIM hotA aura na hI use sukha milatA hai| 63 jaisA ki hama pUrva meM nirdeza kara cuke haiM ki jainadharma meM cAra dhyAna mAne gae haiN| ina cAra dhyAnoM meM se ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna ko saMsAra-paribhramaNa evaM karmabandha kA hetu mAnate hue azubha-dhyAna kI koTi meM rakhe gae haiN| yadyapi Artta aura raudradhyAna- donoM hI azubha haiM, phira bhI tIvratA kI apekSA se yadi vicAra kareM, to ArtadhyAna kI apekSA raudradhyAna adhika azubha kahA gayA hai| ArtadhyAna meM vyakti svayaM duHkhI hotA hai athavA apanI icchAoM, apekSAoM, kAmanAoM kI pUrti na hone ke kAraNa svayaM tanAvapUrNa dazA se grasta rahatA hai| usameM svayaM ke hita sAdhane kA vicAra to hotA hai, kintu dUsare ke ahita-cintana kA vicAra nizcayAtmaka rUpa se kabhI hotA hai aura kabhI nahIM bhI hotA hai, jabaki raudradhyAnI vyakti hamezA dUsaroM ke ahita-cintana meM hI lagA rahatA hai| ArtadhyAnI svArthI hotA hai, jabaki raudradhyAnI svArthI hone ke sAtha hI AkrAmaka bhI hotA hai| __ ArtadhyAnI meM lobha yA mAna-kaSAya kI pramukhatA hotI hai, jabaki raudradhyAnI meM krodha evaM mAyA kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| svAmI kumAra ne kahA hai ki ArttadhyAna maMda -kaSAya meM bhI hotA hai, kintu raudradhyAna to atitIvra kaSAya meM hI hotA hai|164 ArttadhyAnI ko bhagavadgItA meM Arta arthArthI kahA gayA hai, jabaki raudradhyAnI ko AsurI-prakRti vAlA mAnA gayA hai| raudradhyAnI dUsaroM ke ahita-cintana meM saMlagna rahatA hai aura na kevala vaha mAnasika-stara para dUsaroM ke ahita kA cintana karatA hai, apitu bAhyarUpa se usa para AkramaNa bhI karatA hai| ArtadhyAnI kI cittavRtti aura pravRtti mAnasika-AdhAra 162 iya karaNa-kAraNANumaivisayamaNuciMtaNaM cauDbheyaM / aviry-desaasNjyjnnmnnsNsviymhnnnnN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 23. 109 yAvacca aTTarUdaM tAva Na muJcedi Na hu sokkhaM / / - rayaNasAra- 157, pR. 121. 164 kArtikeyAnuprekSA- 470/72-73. 165 bhagavadgItA-7/16. 166 bhagavadgItA- 16/8- 18. .. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #154
131 para hI adhika rahatI hai, jabaki raudradhyAnI kI pravRtti meM vAcika aura kAyika-pakSa bhI pradhAna bana jAtA hai aura vaha AkrAmaka hokara dUsaroM kI hiMsA bhI karatA hai| isa prakAra saMkSipta meM kaheM, to raudradhyAnI apane choTe-se svArtha ke lie bhI dUsaroM kA bar3e-se-bar3A nukasAna athavA ahita kara sakatA hai| usakI vRtti hiMsaka hotI hai, sAtha hI para ke ahita-cintana aura use nukasAna pahuMcAne kI pravRtti hI usameM pramukha hotI hai| jJAniyoM kI dRSTi meM donoM dhyAna bhaya ke utpAdaka haiM167 tathA uttama gati ke bAdhaka haiM168, phira bhI ArttadhyAnI kI apekSA raudradhyAnI adhika pApa kA bandha karatA hai| isI kAraNa se yaha kahA jAtA hai ki ArttadhyAnI tiryaMca-gati kA bandha karatA hai aura raudradhyAnI naraka-gati kA bandha karatA hai|69 167 (ka) mUlAcAra- 5/200, pR. 257. (kha) bhagavatI ArAdhanA vijayodayATIkA- 21 va 70, gAthA- 1693. 168 (ka) AsurI yonimApannA mUDhA ...... || - bhagavadgItA- 16/20. (kha) dhyAnazataka, gAthA. (ga) dhyAnastava. (gha) adhyAtmasAra. (Ga) dhyAnavicAra. 7 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 10 evaM 24. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #155
For Personal & Private Use Only vadha hiMsAnubandhI 548. vedha badhana dahana (bhedana) karaNa Avazyaka niryukti dIpikA TIkA ke AdhAra para raudradhyAna ke bheda (dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 27 . ) raudradhyAna, kula bheda - 1295. aMkana mAraNAdi pizuna krodha mRSAnubandhI 432. asatya asadabhuta bhUtakAla mAna | rAga bhUtaghAta steyAnubandhI 108. dveSa + varttamAnakAla karAvaNa mAyA moha bhaviSyakAla saMrakSaNAnubandhI 108. anumodana lobha

Page #156
133 dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa va lakSaNa dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa - anAdikAla se jIva ko ArttadhyAna evaM raudradhyAna kA abhyAsa hai, ataH jIva ko isa dhyAna kI kalA sahaja prApta hai| ye donoM dhyAna atyanta duHkhaprada evaM bhava-paramparAvarddhaka haiN|170. ina donoM dhyAnoM se saMcita azubha adhyavasAyoM ko dUra karane ke lie prabala dharma-puruSArtha kI satata AvazyakatA hai|171 dharma jIvana kA vaibhava hai| dharma ke mAdhyama se hI AtmA kI svabhAvadazA ko AtmasAt kara sakate haiN|'72 dharma manuSya ko manuSya se aura AtmA ko paramAtmA se jor3ane kI kalA hai| dharma kA avataraNa hI manuSya ko zAzvata zAnti aura sukha dene ke lie huA hai|173 dharma kA cintana dharmadhyAna hai| yaha AtmavikAsa kA prathama caraNa hai, kyoMki isa dhyAna ke mAdhyama se jIva kA rAgabhAva manda hotA hai aura vaha Atmacintana kI ora pravRtta hotA hai| isa saMsAra ke samasta prANI duHkhI, parezAna, kaSTamaya haiM, ataH sabhI jIva aise sthAnoM kI talAza meM rata haiM, jahAM thor3A-sA bhI duHkha na ho| aise abhISTa sthAna para jo jIva ko pahuMcAtA hai, vahI dharmadhyAna hai|174 / ___jaisA ki pravacanasAra kI tAtparyavyAkhyAvRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki jo mithyAtva, rAga Adi meM hamezA saMsaraNa karate hue prANiyoM ko bhavasAgara se Upara uThAtA hai aura vikAra-rahita zuddha caitanyabhAva meM pariNata karatA hai, vaha dharmadhyAna hai|75 vastu kA svabhAva dharma hai| kSamA Adi bhAvoM kI dRSTi se dharma dasa prakAra kA hai| ratnatraya arthAt samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana evaM samyakcAritra ko dharma kahA gayA hai tathA jIvoM 17deg (ka) dhyAnadvayaM visRjyAdyamasatsaMsArakAraNam / - AdipurANa, parva- 21/55. (kha) avadhaTTha aTTarUdde mahamayesuragadIya pccuhe| - mUlAcAra, kundakundasvAmI viracita. 171 dhyAnavicAra savivecana pustaka se uddhata, pR. 16. 172 mRtyu pAtheya, pR. 70. 173 'dharma kA marma' pustaka kI bhUmikA se uddhRta, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 06. 174 iSTa sthAne dhatte iti dhrmH| - sarvArthasiddhi- 9/2. 175 mithyAtvarAgAdisaMsaraNarUpeNa bhAvasaMsAre prANinamuddhRtya nirvikAra zuddha caitanye dharatIti dharmaH / - pravacanasAra, tAtparyavyAkhyAvRtti- 7/9. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #157
134 kI rakSA karanA bhI dharma hai aura usa dharma-cintana se yukta jo dhyAna hotA hai, vaha dharmadhyAna ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai|176 sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki zrutadharma tathA cAritradharma ke cintana-manana meM ekAgratA dharmadhyAna hai| anya sabhI ora se cittavRttiyoM ko haTAkara vItarAga ke dharmopadeza meM hI lIna rahane vAlA sAdhaka dharmadhyAna kI sthiti meM sthita hai| jJAnasAra ke anusAra, zAstravAkyoM ke arthoM, vratoM, guptiyoM, samitiyoM, bhAvanAoM Adi kA cintana karanA hI dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai| 178 vizva ke adhikatara dharmoM meM samAdhi, samabhAva yA samatA ko dhArmika-jIvana kA mUlabhUta lakSaNa mAnA hai| 179 AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki samatA dharma hai, mamatA adharma / 180 adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai ki anAdikAla ke saMskAroM ke kAraNa vyakti ArtadhyAna tathA raudradhyAna se paricita hai, ataH use prabala puruSArtha ke sAtha-sAtha utsAhapUrvaka dharmadhyAna meM udyamazIla honA caahie| dUsare zabdoM meM, aprazasta-dhyAna se virata hokara jIva ko prazasta-dhyAna meM saMlagna honA caahie|181 prazamarati-prakaraNa meM kahA hai ki zIla ke aThAraha hajAra bhedoM ko dhAraNa karake jo sAdhu utkRSTa vairAgya ko prApta karatA hai, vaha aThAraha hajAra bhedoM vAlA bhI dharmadhyAnI hai|182 176 (ka) dhammo vatthu sahAvo, khamAdibhAvoya-dasaviho dhmmo| rayaNattayaM ca dhammo jIvANaM rakkhaNaM dhmmo|| - kAri thA-478. (kha) sadRSTi-jJAna-vRttAni dharma dharmezvarA viduH| tasmAdyadanapetaM hi dharmya taddhayAnamabhyadhuH / / - tattvAnuzAsana- 51. (ga) uttamaH kSamAmArdavArjavazaucasatyasaMyamatapastyAgAkiMcanyabrahmacaryANi dharmaH / - tattvArthasUtra-9/6. 177 sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/247. 178 suttatthadhamma maggaNavaya guttI samidi bhaavnnaaiinnN| jaM kIraDa cintavaNaM dhammajjhANaM ca iha bhaNiyaM / / - jJAnasAra- 16. 119 (ka) AyA khalu saanaaiyN| (kha) samatAbhAva-svarUpa sAmAyika AkAza kI taraha samasta guNoM kA AdhAra hai| - 'sAmAyika dharma : eka pUrNa yoga' se uddhRta, pR. 04. 180 samiyAe dhamme AriyehiM pveie| - AcArAMgasUtra- 1/8/3. 181 aprazaste ime dhyAne durante cirsNstute| prazastaM tu kRtAbhyAso dhyaanmaaroddhumrhti|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/17. 182 dharmAdbhUmyAdIndriyasaMjJAbhyaH karaNatazcayogAzca / zIlAGgasahasrANAmaSTAdazakasya niSpattiH / / zIlArNavasya pAraM gatvA saMvignasugamapArasya / dharmadhyAnamupagato vairAgyaM praapnuyaadyogym|| - prazamarati-prakaraNa-245, 46. For Personal & Private Use Only

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135 dharmarasAyana grantha meM likhA hai ki tIrthakaroM dvArA prarUpita183 dharma isa loka tathA paraloka ke lie hitakArI evaM kalyANakArI hai, sAtha hI janma, jarA, mRtyu kA nivAraka hai| 184 AgamasAra meM ullekhAnasAra, dharma kA cintana, usameM ekAgratA arthAt tanmayatA ko dharmadhyAna kahA hai| vaha pAMca vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai1. kAraNadharma - vyavahAra-kriyA krnaa| 2. sAdhanadharma - zrutajJAna aura cAritra, upaadaanruup| 3. apavAdadharma - ratnatrayI bhedarUpa, arthAt jJAna, darzana, cAritra ke bhedasvarUpa upAdAna, zuddha utsargAnuyAyI vyavahAra / 4. utsargadharma - ratnatrayI ke abhedarUpa zuddha sAdhana nishcyny| 5. zuddhadharma - 'vastu sahAvo dhammo' vAstavika dharma vahI hai, jo vastu kA svabhAva hai|185 dhyAnastava ke antargata dharma ke svarUpa ko nirdiSTa karate hue kahA gayA haiuttama, kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, satya, zoca, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya aura brahmacaryarUpa dasa prakAra ke dharmo ko aura vastu ke svarUpa ko dharma kahA hai|186 paramAtmaprakAza ke racayitA yogindudeva ne dharmadhyAna kA antima lakSya batAte hue kahA hai ki vItarAga paramAnanda sukha meM krIr3A karane vAle kevalajJAnAdi ananta guNoM vAle avinAzI zuddha AtmA kA ekAgracitta hokara dhyAna karanA, dUsare zabdoM meM, sabhI zubhAzubha rogoM se, rasoM se,rUpoM se calAyamAn citta ko rokakara ananta guNa vAle Atmadeva kA cintana karanA dharmadhyAna hai|187 183 dhamma svvnnhupnnnntN| - dhammarasAyaNaM- 94. 184 (ka) vuhajaNamaNohirAmaM jaaijraamrnndukkhnnaasyrN| ihaparaloyahijatthaM taM dhammarasAyaNaM vocchN|| - vahI, 02. (kha) jAI-jarA-maraNa-soga-paNAsaNassa, kllaann-pukkhl-vilaas-suhaavhssN| ko deva-dANava-nariMda-gaNacciyassa, dhammassa sAramuvalabbha kare pmaayN|| - AvazyakasUtra. 185 AgamasAra, pR. 170.-171. 186 uttamo vA titikssaadirvstruupstthaaprH| - dhyAnastava, zloka- 13 187 savvahiM rAyahiM chahiM rasahiM paMcahiM rUvahiM jNtu| cittu NivArivi jhAhi tuhu appA deu annNtu|| - paramAtmaprakAza- 172. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #159
paNDita prabhudAsa becaradAsa pArekha ne kahA hai ki dharma kA tAtparya hai - vikAsamArga aura vaha khAsataura para AdhyAtmika - jIvana hai / 188 moha-kSobharahita (ratnatrayarUpa) AtmA kI nirmala pariNati ko bhI dharma kahA jAtA hai| 189 saMkSipta meM, yaha samajhanA hai ki jina pavitra kriyAoM se AtmA kA zuddhikaraNa hotA hai, una kriyAoM kA nAma dharma hai / ratnatraya kA cintana, saMsAra kI asAratA kA cintana-ma - manana hI dharmadhyAna kahA jAtA hai| 190 dharmadhyAna ke lakSaNa pratipAdana karate hue likhA hai 1. Agamaruci 2. upadezaruci 3. AjJAruci 4. nisargaruci - ina cAroM lakSaNoM ke anusAra uccAraNa karane vAle kI jina - pratipAdita bhAvoM, tattvoM, padArthoM meM jo AsthA yA zraddhA hai, vaha hI dharmadhyAna ke lakSaNa athavA liMga haiM aura isI ke AdhAra se jAnA jAtA hai ki amuka vyakti dharmadhyAna kI avasthA meM sthita hai yA nahIM / ' 191 1. Agamaruci Agamaruci ko sUtraruci ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| sUtroM kA saMkalana Agama kahalAtA hai| yaha do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai- 1. arthasamUharUpa aura 2. zabdasamUharUpa | zabdasamUharUpa gaNadharapraNIta haiM, jabaki arthasamUharUpa tIrthakarapraNIta haiN| 192 Agama se tattvoM kA jJAna hotA hai / Agama ko paribhASita karate hue vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM kahA gayA hai- 'jisase sahI zikSA prApta hotI hai, vizeSa jJAna upalabdha hotA hai, vaha zAstra, Agama yA zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai|' 193 188 jainazAsana ke pAMca aMga, le. prabhudAsa becaradAsa pArekha, pR. 01. AtmanaH pariNAmo I `tattvAnuzAsana, zloka - 52. 189 190 191 'dhyAnazataka' ke karttA ne dharmadhyAna ke lakSaNoM kA 192 136 Agama-paccIsabola, 19vAM bola, pR. 105. Agama-uvaesA''NA - Nisaggao jaM jiNappaNIyANaM / bhAvANaM saddahaNaM dhammajjhANassa taM liMgaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 67. atthaM bhAsai arahA, suttaM gaMthati gaNaharAniuNaM / sAsaNassa hiTThAe, tao suttaM pavattai / / - Avazyakaniryukti, gAthA - 192. 193 sAsijja jeNa tayaM satthaM cA'visesiyaM nANaM / vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA - 559. Agama evaM ya satthaM AgamasatthaM tu suyanANaM / / - For Personal & Private Use Only

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137 isI prakAra, nyAyasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki Aptakathana Agama haiN|194 AcArya malliSeNa ne bhI Aptava pana se padArthoM ke jJAna karane ko hI Agama kahA hai|195 jaina-paramparA meM Agama ke lie vibhinna zabdoM kA prayoga upalabdha hai, yathA- sUtra, grantha, siddhAnta, AjJA, vacana, uddezya, prajJApana, Agama196, Aptavacana, aitihya-AmnAya, jinavacana tathA zruta'7, kintu vartamAna meM 'Agama' zabda hI jyAdA pracalita hai| Agama se bhedavijJAna hotA hai, jisase saMsAra, zarIra ke prati virakti hotI hai aura virakti se Atmavizuddhi hotI hai, ataH AgamAnusAra AcaraNa karanA caahie| sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki jinAjJA ke cintana-manana meM ruci honA hI 'AjJAruci' hai, jo dharmadhyAna kA prathama lakSaNa hai|198 adhyAtmasAra meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne dharmadhyAnI ke tIna lakSaNa batAe haiN| prathama lakSaNa hai- zraddhA, arthAt Agama ke prati aTala zraddhA / 199 saMkSepa meM kaheM, to jinezvara bhagavAn ke vacanoM kI anupamatA, kalyANakAritA, samasta sat-tattvoM kI yathArtha pratipAdakatA Adi jAnakara unake prati zraddhA hI AjJAruci nAmaka dharmadhyAna kA prathama lakSaNa hai|200 2. upadezaruci - jisase sahI mArgadarzana milatA ho, use upadeza kahate haiN| sahI dizA, mArgadarzana kA tAtparya hai- apane nizcita lakSya ko prApta kara skeN| dUsare zabdoM meM, AtmA ko doSoM se mukta karake zuddha-pavitra nijasvarUpa ko udghATita karanA hI sAdhanA kA lakSya hai| vItarAgavANI ke jJAna se athavA dharmadhyAna se AtmA ko zuddhasvarUpa kI prApti hotI hai| Agama ke upadeza ko sunanA hI upadezaruci hai| upadeza do prakAra se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai- 1. svAnubhava se 2. parAnubhava se |201 194 AptopadezaH zabda / - nyAyasUtra- 1/1/7. 195 AptavacanAdAvirbhatamarthasaMvedanamAgamaH / / syAdavAdamaMjarI- 28. 196 suyasatta grantha siddhaMtapavayaNe ANavayaNa upaese paNNavaNa Agame yA ekaThThA pNjaavaasutte| - anuyogadvAra- 4, uddhRta- anuyogadvArasUtra, saM. madhukaramuni, prastAvanA, pR. 31. 197 tattvArthabhASya- 1/20. 198 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezyaka- 1, sUtra- 66, pR. 224. 199 linggaanytraagmshrddhaa| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/71. 200 dhyAnavicAra savivecana, pR. 20. 201 dhyAnazataka, kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, gAthA- 27, pR. 102. For Personal & Private Use Only

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138 sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki dharma-kAryoM ke karane meM sahaja hI ruci utpanna honA 'nisarga-ruci' hai, yahI dharmadhyAna kA dvitIya lakSaNa hai|202 adhyAtmasAra meM dharmadhyAnI ke tIna lakSaNa batAe gae haiM, unameM se prathama do isa prakAra haiM- prathama, Agama-zraddhA aura dvitIya, vinybhaav| dharmadhyAnI svecchAcArI yA avinIta nahIM hotA hai| vaha svabhAva se namra aura vinayasampanna hotA hai| vaha paramAtmA yA gurujanoM ke samakSa vinamratA ke sAtha upasthita hotA hai, gurujanoM kI sevA-zuzrUSA vaiyAvacca ke lie sadaiva tatpara rahatA hai|203 dUsare zabdoM meM, jJAna-darzana-cAritramaya Atma-pariNAma prakaTa karane kI ruciutkaNThA 'nisargaruci' nAmaka dharmadhyAna kA dvitIya lakSaNa hai|204 3. AjJAruci - vItarAga-prarUpita dharmamArga hI AjJA hai aura AjJA ke anusAra kartavyoM ke prati sajaga rahanA hI AjJAruci hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, jaba sarvajJa-prarUpita tattvoM meM abhiruci, vizvAsa yA bhakti kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, taba usake mana meM dhArmika-kartavyoM ke pAlana ke prati eka sajaga ruci hotI hai, vaha AjJAruci hai|205 sthAnAMgasUtra meM bhI yahI kahA hai ki Agama, siddhAntoM tathA zAstroM ke paThana-pAThana meM ruci honA "sUtraruci' hai| yaha dharmadhyAna kA tRtIya lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai|206 adhyAtmasAra meM upAdhyAyajI ne dharmadhyAnI ke tIna lakSaNoM kA varNana kucha bhinna rUpa se kiyA hai| unake anusAra, tRtIya lakSaNa hai- sdgunn-stuti| hRdaya ke ucca bhAvoM se Ananda-ullAsa se yukta jinezvara bhagavantoM ke guNoM kA kIrtana karanA,207 tAtparya yaha hai ki jinavacana ke upadeza ko zravaNa karane kI ruci krnaa|208 202 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezyaka- 1, sUtra- 66, pR. 224. 200 liGgAnyatrAgamazraddhAvinayaH sadguNa stutiH / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/71. dhyAnavicAra savivecana, pR. 20. 205 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 67. 206 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, prathama uddezyaka, sUtra- 66, pR. 224. 207 liGgAnyatrAgamazraddhAvinayaH sadguNastutiH / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/71. 208 dhyAnavicAra savivecana, pR. 20. For Personal & Private Use Only

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4. nisargaruci jJAnAvaraNIya aura darzanamohanIya ke kSayopazama se sahajatA se svabhAva meM ruci honA nisargaruci hai| jise Artta - raudradhyAna kaTu lagate hoM, hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, parigraha, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi ke prati svabhAvataH aruci ho aura ahiMsA, satya, asteya, zAnti, saMyamarUpa svadharma meM ruci ho, vahI nisargaruci hai, jo dharmadhyAna kA hI lakSaNa hai | 209 sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki dvAdazAMgI - rUpa jinavANI ke avagAhana meM pragAr3ha ruci honA 'avagAr3haruci' hai / yaha dharmadhyAna kA caturtha lakSaNa hai | 210 yahAM dharmadhyAna kI pahacAna ke lie ye cAra lakSaNa batAe gae haiN| jina - prarUpita tattvoM para zraddhA utpanna hone ke bAda jIva svataH hI jinavANI ko apane dhyAna kA yA cintana kA viSaya banA letA hai tathA usakI dhArmika kAryoM ke lie sahaja ruci paidA ho jAtI hai| dhArmikAnuSThAna ke prati ruci hone para vaha unako jAnane ke lie AgamoM ke paThana-pAThana meM lIna hone lagatA hai| jaba bodhaprApti hetu vaha paThana-pAThana, cintana-manana, vicAra-vimarza meM nimagna ho jAtA hai, taba sAdhaka ko samyak prakAra se tattvajJAna Atmagata ho jAtA hai| anurAga, satya ke prati anurAga, sUtra ke prati anurAga aura gahana sUtrAdhyayana ke lie anurAga hI dharmadhyAnI kI pahacAna hai| isa prakAra vaha Agama ke anuzIlana meM ekAkAra ho jAtA hai| uttarAdhyayana--1 - niryukti ke antargata ruci ke dasa bheda batAe gae haiN| ve nimnAMkita haiM 1. nisargaruci 2. upadezaruci 3. AjJAruci 4. sUtraruci 5. bIjaruci 6. adhigamaruci 7. vistAraruci 8. kriyAruci 9. saMkSeparuci aura 10. dharmaruci / 211 209 dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 67. (ka) dhammassaNaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paNNatA taM jahA - ANArUI, NisaggarUI, suttarUI, ogAr3harUI / - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezyaka- 1, sUtra - 66, pR. 224. (kha) aupapAtikasUtra - 20. (ga) bhagavatIsUtra - 802. (gha) lakkhaNANi imANi cattAri - ANArUI, nisaggarUI, suttarUI, ogAharUI / ANArUI - titthagarANaM ANaM pasaMsati, nisaggarUI-sabhAvato jiNappaNIe, bhAve royati, suttarUI - sutaM paDhaMto saMvegamAvajjati, ogAhaNArUI - NayavAdabhaMgaguvilaM suttamatthato sotUNa saMvegamAvannasaddho jhAyati / - AvazyakacUrNi nissagguvaesarUI ANArUI suttabIya rUimeva / abhigamavitthArarUI kiriyA saMkhevadhammarUI / pAiyaTIkApeta - uttarAdhyayananiyukti. 210 211 139 For Personal & Private Use Only

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- 140 dhyAnazataka ke granthakAra ne kahA hai ki dharmadhyAnI use kahanA cAhie, jo guNIjanoM ke guNoM kA kIrtana karatA hai, prazaMsA karatA hai, unakA vinaya karatA hai, dAna detA hai tathA zruta, zIla aura saMyama meM nirantara pragati karatA huA lIna rahatA hai|12 __ AdipurANa meM kahA hai ki yadi dhyAna karane vAlA muni caudaha pUrva kA jAnane vAlA ho, yA dasa pUrva kA jAnane vAlA ho, athavA nau pUrva kA jJAtA ho, to vaha dhyAtA sampUrNa lakSaNoM se yukta kahalAtA hai| isake sivAya, alpa-zruta jJAnI, atizaya buddhimAn aura zreNI ke pahale-pahale dharmadhyAna dhAraNa karane vAlA utkRSTa muni bhI uttama dhyAtA kahalAtA hai|213 dhyAnadIpikA ke antargata kahA hai ki arihaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA muni Adi guNavAn mahApuruSoM ko namana karanA, unakI bhakti karanA, dAna denA, zIla kA pAlana karanA, yama-niyamoM kA pAlana karanA, tapazcaryA karanA, uttama bhAvanA se otaprota ityAdi kartavyoM se yukta- ye dharmadhyAnI ke bAhya-lakSaNa kahalAte haiN|214 dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda dharma se yukta dhyAna 'dharmadhyAna' kahalAtA hai| utpAda, vyaya evaM dhrauvyarUpa jo vastu kA yathArtha svarUpa yA svabhAva hai, vahI dharma hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, vastu (padArtha) ke svarUpa kA jo cintana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dharmadhyAna hai|215 212 jinnsaahugunnkkittnn-psNsnnaa-vinny-daannsNpnnnno| sua-sIlasaMjamarao dhammajjhANI munneyvvo|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 68. 213 sa caturdazapUrvajJo dazapUrvadharo'pi vaa| nava pUrvadharo vA syAd dhyAtA sampUrNalakSaNaH / zrutena vikalenApi syAd dhyAtA munisattamaH / prabuddha dhIradhaH zreNyA dhrmdhyaansysushrutH|| . - AdipurANa, parva- 21/101-102. 214 arhadAdiguNIzAnAM natiM bhaktiM stutiM smRtim|| dharmAnuSThAnadAnAdi kurvan dharmIti liGgataH / / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 192. 215 tatrAnapetaM yad dharmAttad dhyAnaM dhrmymissyte| dharmo'hi vastu-yAthAtmyamutpAdAdi trayAtmakam / / - mahApurANa, jinasenAcAryakRta, parva-21/333. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___141 aneka granthoM meM dharmadhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana milatA hai, jaisesthAnAMgasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra, aupapAtika, samavAyAMga, dhyAnadIpikA, adhyAtmasAra, yogazAstra, jJAnArNava, dhavalATIkA, AdipurANa ityaadi| ____ dhyAnazataka ke antargata dharmadhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ve isa prakAra haiM 1. AjJAvicaya 2. apAyavicaya 3. vipAkavicaya 4. saMsthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM meM se prathama 'AjJAvicaya' kA nirUpaNa karate hue granthakAra likhate haiM1. AjJAvicaya-dharmadhyAna - atyadhika nipuNatA se yukta, samasta jIvarAzi kA hita cAhane vAlI, syAdvAda evaM anekAnta-dRSTi se yukta, gahanArtha vAlI, niravadya, nayapramANayukta, AgamarUpa jinavANIrUpI bhagavAn kI AjJA kA cintana karanA AjJAvicaya nAmaka dharmadhyAna kA pahalA prakAra hai|216 AjJA ko hama Agama, siddhAnta, jinavacana bhI kaha sakate haiM, kyoMki ye tInoM hI ekArthaka yA paryAyavAcI haiN|217 yathArtha kA anveSaNa karane vAlA dhyAnavicaya kahalAtA hai| viciti, viveka, vicaya, vicAraNA, anveSaNa aura mArgaNa- ye sabhI samAnArthaka haiN|218 216 suniuNamaNAiNihaNaM bhUyahiyaM bhUyabhAvaNamaNagcha / amiyamajiyaM mahatthaM mahANubhAvaM mahAvisayaM / / jhAijjA niravajjaM jiNANaANaM jgppiivaannN| aNiuNajaNaduNNeyaM naya-bhaMga-pamANa-gamagahaNaM / / tatthaya maidobbaleNaM tavihAyariyavirahao vaavi| NeyagahaNattaNeNaya NANAvaraNodaeNaM c||| heUdAharaNAsaMbhave ya sai sudda jaM na bujjhejjaa| savvaNNumayamavitahaM tahAvi na citae maimaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 45-48. 217 tattha ANA NAma Agamo siddhato jinavayaNamidi eyttttho|| - SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga- 5, dhavalATIkA, pR. 70. 218 tattvArthavArttika- 9/36. For Personal & Private Use Only

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. 142 yahAM AjJA kA artha vItarAga ke Adeza kA vicAra karanA athavA gahana rUpa se cintana karanA hai| samasta doSoM se nirdoSa, samasta azuddhiyoM se zuddha aura samasta kaSAyoM se rahita jo vItarAgavANI hai, usakA ekamAtra uddezya rAga kI nivRtti aura sva-svarUpa meM avasthiti yA dharmaprApti ho, usakA ekAgratApUrvaka cintana-manana AjJAvicaya -dharmadhyAna hai|219 sthAnAMgasUtra ke caturtha sthAna ke antargata prathama uddezya meM dharmadhyAna ke prathama upaprakAra kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki jinAjJA arthAt paramAtmA ke pravacana ke cintana meM saMlagna rahanA AjJAvicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| isa dhyAna meM sAdhaka tattva-svarUpa ke cintana-manana meM yA usake vicAra-vimarza meM saMlagna rahatA hai| 220 tattvArthasUtra ke praNetA umAsvAti ne dharmadhyAna ke prathama bheda ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki sarvajJa puruSa kI AjJA meM manovRtti kA ekAgra karanA AjJAvicaya -dharmadhyAna hai| 221 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM siddhasena divAkara ne bhI yahI kahA hai- sarvajJa praNIta jo Agama hai, vaha AjJA hai| prabhu kI AjJA pUrvApara doSoM se rahita, atihitakArI, nirdoSa arthavAlI, mahAprabhAvazAlI, dravya, guNa aura paryAya ke svarUpa ko batAne vAlI hotI hai|22 nandIsUtra meM likhA hai- icceiyaM duvAlasaMga gaNipiDagaM na kayAi nnaasii| 223 yaha gaNipiTakarUpa jinavANI apane artharUpa se trikAla meM avasthita rahatI hai, parantu grantharUpa vaha utpanna aura naSTa hotI hai| - jJAnArNava ke racayitA AcArya zubhacaMdra ne dharmadhyAna ke prathama bheda 'AjJAvicaya' kA svarUpa bAIsa gAthAoM meM varNita kiyA hai| ve saMkSepa meM yaha kahanA cAhate haiM ki jisa dhyAna meM apane siddhAnta (paramAgama) meM prasiddha vastusvarUpa kA vicAra sarvajJa deva kI 219 dhyAnazataka, saM. bAlacandrajI zAstrI evaM kanhaiyAlAla, pR. 24 evaM 89. 220 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezyaka- 1, sUtra- 65. 221 tattvArthasUtra-9/37. 222 sarvajJa praNIta AgamaH / tAmAjJAmitthaM vicinuyAt-paryAlocayet-pUrvAparavizuddhamatinipuNAmazeSajIvakAyahitAmanavadhyAM mahArthI ........smRti smnvaahaarH| prathamaM dharmadhyAnamAjJAvicayAkhyam / - tattvArthasiddhavRtti. 223 nandIsUtra- 58. For Personal & Private Use Only

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143 AjJAnusAra kiyA jAtA hai aura tattvoM ke svarUpa kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha AjJavicaya nAmaka dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai / 224 AdipurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki chaha nayoM ke dvArA grahaNa kie hue jIva Adi cha: dravyoM aura unakI paryAyoM ke yathArtha svarUpa kA bAra-bAra cintana karanA hI dhyAna kahalAtA hai|225 adhyAtmasAra meM yazovijayajI dharmadhyAna ke AjJAvicaya nAmaka bheda kA varNana karate hue likhate haiM- sarvajJadeva kI AjJA kyA hai ? vaha kaisI hai ? usakA svarUpa kyA hai ? isa prakAra vItarAga AjJA ke viSayoM meM mana ko ekAgra karanA AjJAvicaya -dharmadhyAna kahA jAtA hai|226 dhyAnadIpikA meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai ki sarvajJa kI AjJAnusAra Atma aura anAtma ke pRthakkaraNa karanA athavA bhedavijJAna karanA- yaha AjJAvicaya-dharmadhyAna hai / 227 yogazAstra meM prathama AjJAvicaya-dharmadhyAna ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai- prAmANika AptapuruSoM kI abAdhita, aviruddha, akATya AjJA kA tattvataH cintana karanA AjJAvicaya-dharmadhyAna hai|228 sambodhiprakaraNa meM kahA hai- jinopadiSTa Agama ke sUkSma padArthoM ko Alambana banAkara padArtha-cintana meM citta ke rokane ko AjJAvicaya kahate haiM / 229 224 vastutattvaM .................maamnet|| - jJAnArNava, prakaraNa- 30, gAthA-6-22. 225 sstttrydrvypryaayyaathaatmysyaanucintnm| yatto dhyAnaM tato dhyeyaH kRtsnaH SaDdravyavistaraH / / nayapramANajIvAdipadArthA nyaaybhaasraaH| jinendravaktraprasRtA dhyeyA siddhAntapaddhatiH / / - AdipurANa, parva- 21, zloka- 109-110. 226 nayabhaGgapramANA''DhyAM hetUdAharaNA'nvitAm / AjJAM dhyAyejjinendrANA-maprAmANyA'kalaGkitAm / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/36. 227 svasiddhAntaprasiddhaM yat vastuttvaM vicaaryte| sarvajJAnusAreNa tadAjJAvicayA mataH / / AjJAM yatra puraskRtya srvjnyaanaambaadhitaam| tattvatazciMtayedarthAstadAjJA dhyaanmucyte|| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakAza- 7, zloka- 121-122. 228 AjJAM yatra ..................jinAH / / - yogazAstra, prakaraNa- 10, zloka- 8-9. 229 sambodhiprakaraNa- 12/34. 230 dhyAnavicAra, pR. 22. 231 AptavacanaM pravacanaM cAjJA vicystdrthnirnnynm| - prazamarati, prakaraNa, zloka- 248. For Personal & Private Use Only

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144 dhyAnavicAra30 evaM prazamarati?31 meM likhA hai ki parama Apta-puruSa jinezvara ke vacana hI AjJA haiM aura usa AjJA ke artha kA nirNaya karanA AjJAvicaya hai| AvazyakaTippana32 SaTkhaNDAgamabhASya33. dhyAnastava34. dhyAnakalpatarU235. dhyAnasAra36, AgamasAra237 Adi aneka granthoM meM dharmadhyAna ke isa prathama prakAra kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai- bhagavAn kI hitakArI, mitakArI, maMgalakArI AjJA zAzvata hai, samasta jIvoM kI pIr3A dUra karane vAlI hai,238 kisI eka jIva kA bhI saMhAra nahIM karatI hai, arthAt sUkSma se sUkSma jIva ke bhI prANoM kI bhI rakSA karanA cAhie- isa AjJA kA trividha rUpa se pAlana AjJAvicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| jinAjJA sarvadoSarahita arthAt sarvaguNasampanna hai| yaha jinAjJA gUDhAtigUDha hai| sUtroM ke artha, jIvoM kI caudaha mArgaNA, pAMca mahAvrata, bAraha bhAvanA, pAMca indriyoM kA damana Adi sattAvana hetuoM kA cintana hI dharmadhyAna kA prathama prakAra AjJAvicaya-rUpa hai|239 AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dhyAnazataka meM jinAjJA ke svarUpa kA prastutikaraNa karate hue likhate haiM ki buddhi kI durbalatA se, vastu svarUpa kA sahI bodha karane vAle AcAryoM ke abhAva se, jJeya kI gambhIratA se, jJAnAvaraNIya-karma kI tIvratA se, hetu kA abhAva aura udAharaNa sambhava na hone se- ina kAraNoM ke dvArA sarvajJapraNIta avitatha vacana kA samyakaprakAreNa avabodha nahIM hotA hai, phira bhI alpamatijJa 'sarvajJapraNIta mata satya hai'- aisA samajheM, kyoMki jinezvara rAgadveSa vijetA bana cuke haiM, isalie ve anyathAvAdI nahIM ho skte|240 AjJA kA svarUpa (dhyAnazataka para AdhArita) 232 AjJA (Avazyaka TippaNa) 233 SaTkhaNDAgama, bhASya-5, dhavalATIkA, gAthA- 38. 24 jinAjJAH ......................tvayoditaH / / - dhyAnastava, zloka- 12. 29 dhyAnakalpatarU, tRtIya zAkhA, prathama-patra, pR. 98. 236 jIvAdisaptetattvAnAM jinoktAnAM ca cintnm| ___ tadAjJAvicayonAma dhamyedhyAnamidaM mtm|| - dhyAnasAra- 115. 237 AgamasAra, pR. 171. 238 savve pANA, savve bhUyA, savve jIvA, savve sattA na haMtavvA / - AcArAMgasUtra- 4/1/1. 239 sUtrArtha mArgaNA mahAvratabhAvanA ca paMcendriyayo ca zamatAti dayA bhAvaH / bandha pramokSa gamanA gati hetu cintA dhyAnatu dharmamiti tatpravadanti tjnyaaH|| - sAgAradharma. 240 tatthaya maidobbaleNaM tavihAyariyavirahao vaavi| Neya gahaNattaNeNaya NANavaraNodaeNaM c|| heUdAharaNAsaMbhave ya ............. NaNNahAvAdiNo tennN|| - dhyAtazataka, gAthA-47-49. For Personal & Private Use Only

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145 1. sunipuNatA - sUkSma dravya kA nirUpaNa karane meM atyanta kuzala / 2. anAdyanidhanA - dravyAdi kI apekSA se zAzvata / 3. bhUtahitA - jIvoM kA hita cAhane vaalii| 4. bhUtabhAvanA - bhaavnaa-svruup| anA - amuuly| amitA - aprimit| 7. ajitA - anya darzanoM ke vacanoM dvArA aparAjita / 8. mahArthA - mahAn arthvaalii| 9. mahAnubhAvA - pradhAna sAmarthya vaalii| 10. mahAviSayA - samasta dravyAdi viSayoM kI AjJA / 11. niravadyA - asatya vagairaha battIsa doSarahita / 12. anipuNajanadujJeyA - alpamati vAle jIva na jAna sake- aisii| 13. naya-bhaGga-pramANa-gamagahanA - naya, bhaGga, pramANa Adi se yukta / 241 2. apAyavicaya - dhyAnazataka ke antargata dharmadhyAna kA dUsarA prakAra apAyavicaya batAyA gayA hai| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne kahA hai ki karttavyazIla, dharmadhyAnI ko aisA cintana karanA cAhie ki rAgadveSa, kaSAya aura Asrava-kriyAoM meM pravarttamAna prANiyoM ko isa loka tathA paraloka sambandhI duHkha sahanA pdd'egaa|242 jisa prakAra bImAra vyakti akhAdya, abhakSya yA kupathya ke sevana se duHkha pAtA hai, usI prakAra viSayoM meM Asakta jIva rAga ke vazIbhUta hokara isa loka meM nAnAvidha duHkhoM, kaSToM ko bhogatA hai, jaise- rasanendriya ke kAraNa machalI, sparzanendriya ke kAraNa hAthI aneka duHkhoM ko sahatA hai, ityaadi| vaha dIrgha saMsArI banakara isa bhava aura parabhava meM duHkhI hotA hai| jisa prakAra vRkSa ke koTara meM Aga lagatI hai, to vaha usa vRkSa ko 241 prastuta sandarbha dhyAnazataka (sanmArga prakAzana) se uddhRta, pR. 35. 242 rAgaddosa-kasAyA''savAdikiriyAsu vttttmaannaannN| iha-paraloyAvAo jhAijjA vjjprivjjii|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 50. . For Personal & Private Use Only

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146 jalAkara bhasmIbhUta kara detI hai, usI prakAra dveSarUpI agni prANI ko donoM bhavoM meM kaSTa, duHkha prApta karAtI hai| isa prakAra ke cintana kA nAma apAyavicaya hai|243 __ sthAnAMgasUtra meM dharmadhyAna ke dvitIya prakAra kA varNana karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki saMsAravRddhi ke hetuoM kA vicAra karate hue unase bacane kA upAya karanA, arthAt heya kyA hai ? isako samajhakara chor3ane ke prayatna kA vicAra karanA hI apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| tattvArthasUtra meM kahA hai ki doSoM ke svarUpa aura unase mukti pAne ke vicAroM meM manosthiti kI ekAgratA apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai|245 tattvArthabhASya meM apAyavicaya kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai- zArIrika, mAnasika, duHkhAdi paryAyoM kA anveSaNa tathA rAgadveSa Adi upAyoM meM caitasika -ekAgratA kI prApti dharmadhyAna kA dvitIya prakAra apAyavicaya hai|246 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA hai ki apAya arthAt vipatti aura vicaya arthAt zArIrika athavA mAnasika-duHkha ke kAraNoM kA anveSaNa yA zodhana krnaa| yaha saMsAra pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se duHkhoM se bharA hai| rAgadveSa kI pariNati ke kAraNa saMsAra-paribhramaNa calatA rahatA hai, usake unmUlana hetu cintana karane se jIva ko apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna prakaTa hotA hai|247 jJAnArNava48 meM kahA hai ki jisa dhyAna meM vidvAnjana upAyapUrvaka hetu ke anveSaNa ke sAtha-sAtha karmoM ke vinAza kA vicAra karate haiM, use buddhimAn gaNadhara Adi apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna kahate haiN| dhyAnadIpikA meM kahA gayA hai ki rAgadveSa, kaSAya aura Asrava Adi kI kriyA meM rata jIva ihaloka tathA paraloka meM duHkhoM se rahita nirdoSa jIvana jI nahIM pAtA hai| aise duHkhoM-kaSToM se vimukhatA kA cintana apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai|249 243 dhyAnazataka, saM. bAlacandra zAstrI, pR. 28. 244 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 65. 245 tattvArthasUtra- 9/37. 246 tattvArthabhASya- 9/37. 247 tattvArthasiddhavRtti, dhyAnazataka (sanmArga prakAzana) se uddhRta, pR. 77. 248 apAyavicaya dhyAnaM tadvadanti manISiNaH .................vizuddhajJAnabhAsvatprakAzaH / - jJAnArNava, prakaraNa- 30, gAthA- 1 -17. 249 apAyavicayaM jJeyaM .............smaret saadhuH|| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa- 7, zloka- 123-124. For Personal & Private Use Only

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____147 adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai ki hiMsAdi pApoM se rAgadveSa-kaSAya Adi ke duSpariNAmoM ke cintana meM mana ko ekAgra karanA apAyavicaya-dha dhyAna hai|250 prazamaratiprakaraNa, yogazAstra'52. dhyAnastava'53. dhyAnakalpatarU254 AgamasAra255. dhyAnavicAra256, siddhAntasArasaMgraha:57. svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA'58 Adi granthoM meM isI bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai ki rAgadveSa, kaSAya, vikathA, ahaMkAra, mithyAtva Adi pApapravRttiyoM ke dvArA jIva kI isa bhava meM to durdazA hotI hI hai, parantu parabhava meM bhI durgati hotI hai evaM bhayAnaka duHkha bhogane par3ate haiM, usakA cintana karanA apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to ajJAna, rAgadveSa, kaSAya, Azrava, mithyAtva Adi mere nahIM haiM, maiM unase bhinna hUM, ye sabhI bAhara se AI bImAriyAM yA vikR tiyAM haiM, maiM to ananta jJAnI, zuddhabuddha avinAzI hUM, akSaya, akSara, anakSara, acala, akala, akarmA, akaSAyI, alezI, ayogI, azokI ityAdi hUM, zuddha cidAnandamaya merI AtmA haiisa prakAra ekAgratA se vicAra karanA apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| 3. vipAkavicaya - AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne dhyAnazataka meM dharmadhyAna kA tIsarA prakAra 'vipAkavicaya' batAyA hai| ve vipAkavicaya nAmaka dharmadhyAna kA varNana karate hue kahate haiM- prakRti, sthiti, pradeza aura anubhAga-rUpa karmoM ke vipAka kA cintana-manana karanA vipAkavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| yaha dharmadhyAna kA tIsarA prakAra hai|259 dUsare zabdoM meM, karma kI jo phala dene kI zakti hai, usakA nAma vipAka hai| karma prakR tibheda se, sthitibheda se, pradezabheda se tathA anubhAgabheda se nAnAvidha bheda vAle hokara zubhAzubha prakRtiyoM meM pariNata ho jAte haiN| inake phalasvarUpa iSTa-aniSTa saMyoga milatA 250 rAgadveSakaSAyAdi ............vicintayet / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/37. 251 aasvvikthaagaurvpriisshaadyessvaapaayst|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa zloka- 248 rAgadveSakaSAyAdyaiH ................... paapkrmnnH|| - yogazAstra, prakAza- 10, zloka- 10-11. dhyAnastava, zloka- 12. 254 dhyAnakalpatarU (amolaka RSi dvArA viracita) tRtIya zAkhA, dvitIya patra, pR. 155. 255 AgamasAra, pR. 172. 256 dhyAnavicAra savivecana, pR. 24. 257 siddhAntasArasaMgraha- 11/51-52. 258 svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, pR. 367. 259 payai-Thii-paesA 'NubhAvabhinnaM suhaasuhvihttN| jogANabhAvajaNiyaM kammavivAgaM viciNtejjaa|| - dhyAnazataka gAthA- 51. For Personal & Private Use Only

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148 hai| ina sabakI vizeSa jAnakArI SaTkhaNDAgama, kaSAyaprAbhRta, karmaprakRti, karmagrantha Adi meM vistAra se dI gaI hai|260 ina karmoM ke vipAka yA phala kA cintana karanA vipAkavicaya hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM dharmadhyAna ke tRtIya prakAra kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki karmoM ke phala kA vicAra karanA vipAkavicaya hai| jIva to karmAdhIna hai| pUrva dUSita karmoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa yadi duHkha kI sthiti Ae, taba bhI samatApUrvaka use sahana kara usake kAraNoM kA cintana karanA hI vipAkavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai|261 tattvArthasUtra meM likhA hai- anubhava meM Ane vAle karma ke vipAkoM meM se kauna-kauna se karma ke kyA-kyA vipAka haiM ? isameM manosthiti kI ekAgratA vipAkavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai|262 ___ tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki vividha prakAra ke karmoM ke phala ko vipAka kahate haiN| naraka, tiryaMca, manuSya aura deva ke bhavoM meM karmoM kA jo phala hotA hai, usa phala kA cintana-manana, arthAt vicAra-vimarza karanA, usI cintana meM apane mana ko ekAgra karanA vipAkavicaya vAlA dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai / 263 . jJAnArNava meM bhI yahI kahA gayA hai ki saMsArI-jIvoM ke prati samaya jo aneka prakAra ke karmoM ke phala kA prakaTana hotA hai, use hI vipAka jAnanA caahie| abhiprAya yaha hai ki ajJAnavaza jIvoM ke dvArA bAndhe gae karmoM kA samUha dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke Azrita hokara niyama se sukha-duHkhAdi ke utpAdanarUpa aneka prakAra ke phala ko detA hai- yahI vipAka hai|264 isakA cintana karanA vipAkavicaya -dharmadhyAna hai| dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki zubha athavA azubha, cAra prakAroM ke karmabandha dvArA jIva karmoM ke vipAka ko bhoga rahe haiM, usakA vicAra karanA vipAkavicaya hai aura aisA vicAra karane vAlA vyakti vipAkavicaya-dharmadhyAnI kahalAtA hai|265 dhyAnazataka, paM. bAlacaMdra zAstrI, pR. 28-29. 261 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 65. 262 tattvArthasUtra- 9/37. 263 tRtIyaM dharmadhyAnaM vipAkavicayAkhyamucyate-vividho viziSTo vA pAko vipAkaH anubhAvaH / / - tattvArthasiddhavRtti, sanmArga prakAzana dhyAnazataka se uddhRta, pR. 79. 264 sa vipAka iti jJeyo ............... svasiddhyarthinaH / - jJAnArNava, prakaraNa- 30, zloka- 1-30 (vipAkavicaya ke antargata.) 265 caturdhA karmabandhena .... puNyApuNyasya karmaNaH / / - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa- 7, zloka- 125-127. For Personal & Private Use Only

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149 adhyAtmasAra grantha ke anusAra, prakRti Adi cAra bhedoM ke karmoM ke vipAka kA zubha aura azubha ke vibhAga se dhyAna arthAt karma ke pariNAma ke viSaya meM cintana karanA vipAkavicayarUpa-dharmadhyAna kA tIsarA bheda hai|266 / prazamaratiprakaraNa67 yogazAstra, dhyAnastava269dhyAnakalpatarU70 AgamasAra1, dhyAnavicAra, siddhaantsaarsNgrh|, zrAvakAcArasaMgraha74 Adi aneka granthoM meM yahI likhA hai ki zubhAzubha karmoM ke udaya, phala kI prApti kaise huI ? kyoM huI ? zAstrAnusAra usakA vicAra karanA vipAkavicaya hai| pratikSaNa jJAnAvaraNIyAdi ATha karmoM ke nimitta se zubha athavA azubha karmaphaloM kA udaya hotA hai, ataH karmoM ke vipAkoM para dhyAna kendrita karane yA mana ke adhyavasAyoM kI sthiti hI vipAkavicaya -dharmadhyAna kahalAtI hai| vipAkavicaya kArya se kAraNa kA sAkSAtkAra karane kI uttama prakriyA hai|275 prastuta dhyAna dvArA sAdhaka ke antaHkaraNa meM karmoM se bhinna hone tathA AtmabhAva se abhinna hone kI ruci paidA hotI hai| apAcavicaya aura vipAkavicaya- donoM prakAra ke dharmadhyAna eka hI mArga ke pathika haiM, antara sirpha itanA hai ki vipAkavicaya-dharmadhyAna kA kSetra vyApaka hai| sAdhaka AtmA kI karmavimukti ke vicAra se hI apanI AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA Age bar3hatI hai| isa hetu karmoM ke vipAka ko samajhakara hI karmavimukti kA prayAsa karanA caahie| 4. saMsthAnavicaya - dhyAnazataka ke granthakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dharmadhyAna ke cauthe prakAra saMsthAnavicaya kA nirUpaNa gAthA kramAMka bAvana se sattAvana taka karate hue likhate haiM ki jinezvara deva dvArA pratipAdita dharmAstikAya Adi dravya ke lakSaNa, 266 dhyAyetkarmavipAkaM ca ........... zubhA'zubhavibhAgataH / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/38. 267 azubhAzubhakarmapAkAnucintanArtho vipAkavicayaH syaat| - prazamarati prakaraNa, zloka- 249. 268 pratikSaNa samudbhUto ........... karmaNaH / - yogazAstra, prakaraNa- 10, zloka- 12-13. 269 dhyAnastava, zloka- 12. 27deg dhyAnakalpatarU, tRtIya zAkhA, tRtIya patra, pR. 173. AgamasAra, pR. 172-173. dhyAnavicAra savivecana, pR. 26. 273 siddhAntasArasaMgraha- 11/569. 274 zrAvakAcArasaMgraha, bhAga-5, pR. 353. 275 kAryAdiliGgadvAreNaivArvAgdRzAmatIndriyapadArthAvagamo bhvti| For Personal & Private Use Only

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AkRti (AkAra), prakAra, parimANa aura utpAda - vyaya aura dhauvya se yukta dravya, guNa tathA paryAyarUpI jo Adi-antarahita puruSAkAra joka hai, usake svarUpa kA ekAgratApUrNa cintana karanA saMsthAnavicaya- dharmadhyAna hai / zAstroM meM paMcAstikAyarUpa loka ko anAdi - ananta kahA gayA hai| vaha nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura paryAya ke bheda se ATha prakAra kA hai aura adholoka, tiryakloka tathA Urdhvaloka ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| isa loka ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM vicAra karanA saMsthAnavicaya- dharmadhyAna hai / dharmadhyAnI ko pRthvI, vAyumaNDala, svarga aura naraka Adi ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM vicAra karanA cAhie / jIva kA lakSaNa upayoga hai, 276 vaha zAzvata hai| zarIra jar3a hai, jIva usase bhinna evaM arUpI hai| jIva karma ke adhIna hone ke kAraNa saMsAra - samudra meM janma-maraNa karatA hai| yaha saMsAra - samudra anAdi, ananta aura azubha hai| saMsthAnavicayarUpa - dharmadhyAna meM rata jIva ko isakA vicAra karanA cAhie | 277 sthAnAMgasUtra meM dharmadhyAna ke cauthe prakAra kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki apane-apane karmoM ke anusAra jIva ke janma-maraNa ke AdhArarUpa puruSAkAra loka (caudaha rAjaloka) ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM cintana karate hue mana ko ekAgra karanA saMsthAnavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai | 278 tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki loka ke svarUpa kA vicAra karane meM mana ko ekAgra karanA hI saMsthAnavicaya- dharmadhyAna hai | 279 150 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki saMsthAna arthAt loka aura dravyoM kA aakaar| loka ke AkAra meM adholoka kA AkAra adhomukha sikore ke sadRza hai / - 276 upayogo lakSaNaM / jiNadesiyAi lakkhaNa 277 saMsAra-sAgaramaNorapAramasuhaMviciMtejjA / / dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 52-57. 278 dhamme jhANe cauvvihe cauppaDoyAre paNNatte, taM jahA - ANAvijae, avAyavijae, vivAgavijae, saMThANavijae / - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 01, sUtra - 65, pR. 223. AjJA'pAyavipAkasaMsthAnavicayAya dharmamapramattasaMyatasya / -- tattvArthasUtra - 9 / 37. 279 tattvArthasUtra - 2/8. For Personal & Private Use Only

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I tiryakloka gola thAlI ke AkAra jaisA aura Urdhvaloka mRdaMga ke AkAra ke samAna hai adholoka meM nArakI, tiryakloka meM jyotiSka, vyaMtara, manuSya tathA tiryaMca rahate haiM / Urdhvaloka meM vimAnavAsI deva, kilviSika, graiveyaka, anuttaravimAna aura mokSasthAna rahe hue haiN| isa taraha saMsthAna ke svarUpa ke cintana meM sthita rahanA, ekAgra rahanA saMsthAnavicaya- dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai / 280 padArthoM ke svarUpa kA jo parijJAna hai, vaha hI tattvAvabodha hai / tattvAvabodha se kriyAnuSThAna aura kriyAnuSThAna se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai / saMbodhiprakaraNa meM kahA gayA hai ki loka kI AkRti usameM sthita padArtha aura prakRti kA jo cintana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha saMsthAnavicaya kahalAtA hai / 281 jJAnArNava meM bhI yahI varNana hai ki anantAnanta AkAza ke bIca meM loka sthita hai| usake svarUpa kA varNana antaraMga va bahiraMga lakSmI se vibhUSita sarvajJa deva dvArA kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha ke antargata samasta loka kA vistAra se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| usakA ekAgra citta se cintana karanA saMsthAnavicaya- dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai / 282 dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai- loka anantAnanta AkAza ke madhya meM sthita hai| sarvajJa jinezvara ne apane kevalajJAna dvArA isa loka kI sthiti kA varNana kiyA hai| aise loka ke svarUpa kA cintana-manana, vicAra-vimarza hI saMsthAnavicaya- dharmadhyAna hai 283 adhyAtmasAra ke anusAra utpatti, sthiti, vinAza Adi paryAyarUpI lakSaNoM dvArA tathA nAmAdi pRthak bhedoM se yukta lokasaMsthAna kA cintana dharmadhyAna kA cauthA bheda hai / 284 prazamarati prakaraNa 285, saMvegaraMgazAlA 286, yogazAstra 287, SaTkhaNDAgama288 AgamasAra21, dhyAnavicAra 2.. AdipurANa 28, dhyAnakalpatarU290, 280 saMsthAnavicayaM nAma caturtha dharmadhyAnamucyate - saMsthAnam - AkAravizeSo lokasya dravyANAM ca / lokasya tAvat tatrAdhomukhamallaka saMsthAnaM . kriyAnuSThAnaM tadanuSThAnAnmokSAvAptiriti / / tattvArthasiddhavRtti, sanmArga prakAzaka dhyAnazataka se uddhRta, pR. 82. 281 sambodhiprakaraNa - 12/37. 282 anantAnantamAkAzaM 283 anaMtAnaMtamAkAzaM sarvataH 284 utpAdasthiti 285 .. iti nigaditamuccairlokasaMsthAna / jJAnArNava- 30 / 179. ..jgttrym| - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa - 7 zloka 128-129. lakSaNam / - adhyAtmasAra - 16 / 39-40. dravyakSetrAkRtyanugamanaM saMsthAna vicayastu / - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka - 249. 286 saMvegaraMgazAlA, gAthA - 9633-9664. 287 anAdyantasya lokasya 288 vrajet / - yogazAstra, prakAza - 10, zloka - 14-15. SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga- 5, dhavalATIkA, pR. 72. 151 For Personal & Private Use Only

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* zrAvakAcArasaMgraha+-3, dhyAnasAra 24 siddhAntasArasaMgraha 295, dhyAnastava 26 Adi granthoM meM saMsthAnavicaya dharmadhyAna kA varNana karate hue likhA gayA hai ki jagat kA tathA jagat meM rahe padArthoM ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA saMsthAnavicaya- dharmadhyAna hai| loka meM aneka dravya haiM aura eka-eka dravya kI ananta - ananta paryAya haiM, unakA pariNamana hotA hai, isa prakAra kA vicAra tathA SaTddravyoM ke svarUpa Adi kA vicAra karanA saMsthAnavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| dharmadhyAna ke ina cAra prakAroM meM eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki ye vyakti ko antarmukhI banane kI preraNA dete haiN| alaga-alaga viSayoM se sambaddha hone ke bAvajUda bhI ye sabhI AtmA se sIdhe saMlagna hote haiM / vItarAga deva kI vANI satya aura tathyasvarUpa hai| isakA cintana-manana karate-karate mana meM una tattvoM ke prati svataH hI zraddhA utpanna ho jAtI hai, jisase ki AtmA pavitratA kI ora agrasara hotI jAtI hai| zraddhAbhAva hone para saMsAra-patana ke hetuoM se apane-Apa ko dUra rakhane ke cintana meM ekAgratA sahaja hI ho jAtI hai tathA sAdhaka zubhAzubha pariNati ke lie vicAra-vimarza karatA hai, arthAt karmavipAka para cintana jAgrata hote hI loka ke virATa svarUpa kA svataH hI bhAna hone lagatA hai| dhIre-dhIre usakI kaSAyoM meM maMdatA Ane lagatI hai tathA use apane nijasvarUpa kA jJAna hone lagatA hai / 1. SaTdravyoM ke lakSaNa, svarUpa evaM bheda - prabheda, tripadI kA svarUpa, dravya, guNa, paryAya 289 saMsthAnavicayam prAhurlokAkArAnucintanam / - AdipurANa, parva - 21, zloka - 148-158. dhyAnakalpatarU, tRtIya zAkhA, caturtha patra, pR. 205. 290 291 AgamasAra, pR. 173. 292 dhyAnavicAra savivecana, pR. 25-26. zrAvakAcAra saMgraha, bhAga - 5, gAthA - 40-42, pR. 353. itthaM trijagataH 295 siddhAntasArasaMgraha, nareMdrasenAcArya - 11/57-58. 296 jinAjJA- kaluSApAya tvayoditaH / - saMsthAnavicaya-dharmadhyAna meM cintavya padArtha (dhyAnazataka para AdhArita) 293 294 saMsthitiH / / - dhyAnasAra, zloka - 133-139. 152 dhyAnastava, zloka - 12. For Personal & Private Use Only

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aura unakA saha-sambandha | 297 298 2. paramAtmA dvArA kathita 5vAstikAyamaya loka kA svarUpa | 2 3. Urdhvaloka, adholoka aura tiryakloka kA svarUpa, arthAt tribhuvana kA svarUpa | 299 4. lokavyavasthA kA svarUpa / 5. upayoga lakSaNa yukta, anAdi, ananta, zarIra se bhinna, arUpI, svayaM ke karmoM kA karttA evaM bhoktA - aise jIva kA svarUpa | 300 297 jiNadesiyAiM lakkhaNa 298 paMcatthikAyamaiyaM 299 khii-valaMya-dIva - sAgara 300 uvaogalakkhaNamaNAitihaNamatthaMtaraM dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 52. je ya davvANaM / / tivihamaholoyabheyAiM / / - vahI, gAthA - 53. logaTThiivihANaM / / vahI, gAthA - 54. sayassa kammassa / / - -- For Personal & Private Use Only 153 vahI, gAthA - 55.

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d nimnAMkita granthoM meM dharmadhyAna ke bhedoM kI carcA haisthAnAMgasUtra'. bhagavatIsUtra02. aupapAtikasUtra03. tattvArthasUtra04 prazamaratiprakaraNa05. adhyAtmasAra 06. yogazAstra, dhyAnadIpikA. sammativRtti hitopadezavRtti0. jJAnArNava AdipurANa", dhyAnavicAra13. dhyAnastava, dhyAnasAra'. tattvAnuzAsana, dhyAnAmRta" Adi granthoM meM AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya- ina cAra prakAra ke dharmadhyAnoM kA ullekha hai| 1. AjJAvicaya - tIrthaMkara ke AdezoM kA zraddhApUrvaka ekAgra hokara cintana krnaa| 2. apAyavicaya - Agama nirdiSTa vyavasthA ko keMdra meM rakhakara apane Atmika-doSoM ko dUra karane meM ekAgracitta honaa| 309 301 dhamme jhANe cauvihe cauppaDoyAre paNNate, taM jahA-ANAvicae, avAyavicae, vivAgavicae sNtthaannvice| - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 65. 302 bhagavatIsUtra- 803. 303 aupapAtikasUtra- 20. 304 AjJA'pAyavipAkasaMsthAnavicayAya dhrmmprmttsNytsy| - tattvArthasUtra- 9/37. 305 jinavaravacanaguNagaNaM, saJcintayo vadhAdyapAyAMzca / __karmavipAkAna vividhAn saMsthAnavidhInanekAMzca / / - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 249. 306 AjJA'pAyavipAkAnAM, saMsthAnasya ca cintnaat| dharmadhyAnopayuktAnAM, dhyAtavyaM syAccaturvidham / / - adhyAtmasAra, a.- 16/35. 307 AjJA'pAya-vipAkAnAM, saMsthAnasya ca cintanAt / __ itthaM vA dhyeyabhedena dharmya dhyAnaM caturvidham / / - yogazAstra, prakaraNa- 10/7. 308 AjJApAyavipAkasya kramazaH sNsthitestthaa| vicayAya pRthag jJeyaM dharmadhyAnaM caturvidham / / - dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa- 7, zloka- 120. kA.- 3. 310 tatrAjJAvicaya-apAyavicaya-vipAkavicaya-saMsthAnavicayabhedAd dharmadhyAnamapi caturddhA tatra kSINazeSarAgadveSamohasya ....... dhrmdhyaanm|| - hitopadezavRtti- 484. 311 AjJApAyavipAkAnAM kramazaH sNsthitestthaa| vicayaiH yaH pRthak taddhi dharmadhyAnaM caturvidham / / - jJAnArNava, sarga- 30, zloka- 05. 312 tadAjJApAyasaMsthAnavipAkavicayAtmakam / __ caturvikalpamAmnAtaM dhyAnamAmnAya vedibhiH / / - AdipurANa, parva- 21, zloka- 134. mAvatasta AjJA'pAya-vipAka-saMsthAnavicayabhidaM dhrm-dhyaanm| - dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pa. 17. 314 jinaajnyaa-klussaapaay-krmpaakvicaarnnaa| lokasaMsthAnavicArazca dharmo deva tvyoditH|| - dhyAnastava, zloka- 12. 315 AjJApAyavipAkazca tathA saMsthAnacintanam / ityevaM yoginaH prAhurdharmyadhyAnaM cturvidhm|| - dhyAnasAra, zloka- 114, pR. 34. 316 AjJA'pAyau vipAka ca saMsthAnaM bhuvanasya c| yathAgamamavikSipta-cetasA cintyenmuniH|| - tattvAnuzAsana- 98. 317 AjJApAyavipAka saMsthAna vicayAya dharmam / - dhyAnA'mRta, dharmAlaMkAra pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 181. For Personal & Private Use Only

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3. vipAkavicaya. citta kA ekAgra honA / karmaphala kA vicAra karake usase mukta hone ke upAya DhUMDhane meM 4. saMsthAnavicaya * loka evaM jIva ke saMsthAna evaM svarUpa kA ekAgratApUrvaka cintana karanA / dharmadhyAna ke vibhinna dvAra AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne dhyAnazataka kI mUla gAthAoM meM dharmadhyAna kA vivecana vibhinna dvAroM (bAraha dvAra) ke mAdhyama se kiyA hai| yahAM dvAroM se tAtparya dhyAna ke vibhinna viSayoM ke vargIkaraNa se hai / dhyAnazataka ke antargata dharmadhyAna ke vibhinna dvAroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM-' 1. bhAvanA - dvAra 2. deza-dvAra 3. kAla -dvAra 4. Asana-dvAra 5. Alambana - dvAra 6. krama - dvAra 7. dhyeya-dvAra 8. dhyAtA - dvAra 9 anuprekSA-dva - dvAra 10. lezyA - dvAra 11. liGga-dvAra aura 12. phala-dvAra / isameM zramaNoM ko nirdeza hai ki ve uparyukta dvAroM ko jAnakara dharmadhyAna meM tatpara hoM aura dharmadhyAna ke abhyAsa ke pazcAt unheM zukladhyAna kI ora pragati karanA cAhie | 318 yogazAstra ke saptama prakAza ke prathama zloka ke antargata yaha spaSTa likhA hai ki dhyAnasAdhanA ke abhilASI ko dhyAtA, dhyeya tathA dhyAna kA phala jAnanA cAhie, kyoMki sAmagrI ke binA kArya kI siddhi kadApi nahIM ho sakatI hai | 319 adhyAtmasAra ke racanAkAra upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne dhyAna kA abhyAsa vyavasthita ho - isa hetu pUrva AcAryoM kA anusaraNa karake bAraha dvAroM kA nirdeza kiyA hai, 318 jhANassa bhAvaNAo desaM kAlaM tahA''saNavisesaM / AlambaNaM kamaM jhAiyavvayaM je ya jhAyAro / / tatto'NuppehAo lessA liMgaM phalaM ca nAUNaM / dhammaM jhAijja muNI taggayajogo tao sukkaM / / - 319 dhyAnaM vidhitsatA jJeyaM dhyAtA dhyeyaM tathA phalam / sidhyanti na hi sAmagrI vinA kAryANi karhicit / / 155 dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 28-29. yogazAstra - 7 / 1. - For Personal & Private Use Only

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156 jo isa prakAra hai- 1. bhAvanA 2. deza 3. kAla 4. Asana 5. Alambana 6. krama 7. dhyAtavya 8. dhyAtA 9. anuprekSA 10. lezyA 11. liGga aura 12. phala / 320 dhyAnadIpikA ke anusAra, dharmadhyAna kI siddhi ke lie buddhijIviyoM ko bhAvanA, sthAna, Asana, kAla aura AlambanAdi upayogI sAdhanoM ko jAnanA caahie|321 dhyAna eka sAdhanA hai aura vaha deza, kAla-nirapekSa nahIM ho sakatI hai, isalie granthakAra evaM TIkAkAra ne ina dvAroM kA ullekha kiyA, kintu inameM granthakAra ne sarvaprathama bhAvanA-dvAra kI carcA kI hai| bhAvanAeM vastutaH eka ora sAdhaka kI manodazA kI sUcaka haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora, dhyAtA ko kisa viSaya kA dhyAna karanA cAhie- isako bhI ve sUcita karatI haiN| 1. bhAvanA-dvAra -jaina-sAhitya meM prAcInakAla se hI bhAvanA ke paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM 'anuprekSA' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai| prastuta grantha ke kartA ne gAthA kramAMka aTThAIsa evaM unatIsa meM bhAvanA evaM anuprekSA- donoM kI carcA kI hai| ina donoM meM koI khAsa antara nahIM hai, sirpha abhyAsa kI bhinnatA pratIta hotI hai| jJAna -darzanAdi bhAvanA dhyAna kI yogyatA prApta karane ke lie hai aura anityAdi anuprekSA vItarAga-bhAva kI puSTi ke lie hai|322 vartamAna meM AcArya mahAprajJa ne jisa prekSAdhyAna kI punaH sthApanA kI hai, usameM unhoMne bhAvanA ko mahattvapUrNa sthAna pradAna kiyA hai|23 isI kar3I meM AcArya zrI nAneza ne "samIkSaNa dhyAnasAdhanA-vidhi' meM bhI bhAvanA kA mahattva pratipAdita kiyA hai|324 deza, kAla aura Asana- ye tInoM dhyAna ke sAdhanarUpa haiM, jabaki bhAvanA dhyAna kI dhyeya hai| AcArya jinabhadragaNi ne prastuta grantha kI gAthA kramAMka tIsa meM yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki pUrvakRta abhyAsa aura bhAvanA ke mAdhyama se hI dhyAna kI yogyatA prakaTa hotI hai| 320 bhAvanAdezakAlau ca svaasnaa''lmbnkrmaan| / dhyAtavyadhyAtranuprekSA lezyA liGgaphalAni c|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/18. 321 bhAvanAdIni dharmasya sthAnAdyAsanakAni vaa| kAlazcAlambanAdIni jJAtavyAni manISibhiH / / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 106. 322 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAnayoga, pR. 267. 323 prekSA-dhyAna : AdhAra aura svarUpa, AcArya mahAprajJa, pR. 41-45. 324 samIkSaNa dhyAnasAdhanA, AcArya zrI nAneza, bhAga-4, pR. 115-150. For Personal & Private Use Only

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157 ye bhAvanAeM jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura vairAgya se sambandhita haiN|325 zrImadbhAgavatagItA26 meM bhAvanA ke svarUpa evaM usake bheda kA varNana karate hue likhA hai yogArUr3hasya tasyaiva zamaH kaarnnmucyte| ArUrUkSorabhyAsaH jJAna-darzana-cAritra-vairAgyabhedAccaturdhA / / 327 yogArUr3ha hone ke icchuka muni ke lie niSkAma karma (yoga kI sAdhanA) hI sAdhana hai, parantu yogArUr3ha meM sthita hue muni ke lie samatva hI mokSa kA sAdhana hai| yogasAdhanA meM ArohaNa karane ke abhilASI sAdhaka ke abhyAsa jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura vairAgya-bhAvanA ke bheda se cAra prakAra ke haiN| nyAyakoza meM kahA hai- 'jaisA bananA hai, usake anurUpa bhAvuka AtmA kI pravRtti (vyApAra) vizeSa bhAvanA hai| 328 1 (a). jJAna-bhAvanA - dhyAnazataka meM dhyAna kI jina vibhinna bhAvanAoM kI carcA kI gaI hai, usameM sarvaprathama jJAna-bhAvanA kA ullekha huA hai| mUla granthakAra evaM TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri yaha mAnate haiM ki jJAna arthAt zrutajJAna ke niyamita abhyAsa se hI mana ayogya viSayoM se nivRtta hokara Atmavizuddhi ko prApta hotA hai| jJAna-bhAvanA ke mAdhyama se sAdhaka apanI vibhAva evaM svabhAva-dazA samajha sakatA hai, yA dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM, to vaha jIva-ajIva ke svarUpa athavA dravya ke svarUpa kA jJAtA hotA hai aura use yaha bodha ho jAtA hai ki kauna-sI paryAya jIva kI svabhAva-paryAya hai aura kauna-sI vibhAva-paryAya hai ? isa taraha se vaha vibhAva-dazA se haTakara svabhAva-dazA meM sthira hotA. hai, sAtha hI sva meM sthita rahakara Atmavizuddhi ko prApta karatA hai|29 325 (ka) puvakayabbhAso bhAvaNAhiM jhANassa joggymuveii| tAo ya naann-dsnn-critt-verggjnniyaao|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 30. (kha) jJAnadarzana cAritra vairAgyAkhyAH prkiirtitaaH| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/19. (ga) jJAnadarzanacAritryaM vairAgyAdyAstathA praaH|| - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka-7. 326 zrImadbhagavatagItA, adhyAya- 6, zloka- 3. 327 tulanA- ArUrUkSurmuniryogaM zrayed baahykriyaampi| yogArUDha zamAdeva shddhytyntrgtkriyH|| - jJAnasAra, zamASTaka, zloka-3. 328 bhaviturbhavanAnukUlo bhAvayiturvyApAra vizeSaH bhaavnaa| - nyAyakoza, pR. 626. 329 NANe NiccamAso kuNai maNodhAraNaM visuddhiM c| nANaguNamuNiyasAro to jhAi sunicclmiio|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 31. For Personal & Private Use Only

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158 AcArAMgasUtra kI cUlikA ke anusAra- jIvAjIvAdi nau padArtha tatvabhUta haiN| ve tattva samyak prakAra se jAnane lAyaka haiN| ina ta voM ko vistAra se jAnane vAle vyakti ko jJAna-bhAvanA hotI hai| jJAna-bhAvanA se mana kI ekAgratA Adi guNa prakaTa hote haiM, isalie jJAna meM vRddhi, jJAnArjana, svAdhyAya, nirjarA hetu jJAnAbhyAsa avazya karanA caahie|330 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAna kA nitya abhyAsa hone se guNoM ko sAkSAtkAra karane vAlA tathA nizcaya-mati vAlA jIva anAyAsa hI dharmadhyAna meM Age bar3hane lagatA hai|331 saMkSepa meM itanA hI samajhanA hai ki kaSAyAdi se rahita hokara taTastha bhAva se jAnane kI kriyA kA nAma jJAna-bhAvanA hai|332 adhyAtmasAra meM jJAna-bhAvanA se mana ko bhAvita karane kA mArgadarzana dete hue kahA gayA hai ki jJAna-bhAvanA se nizcalatva kA lAbha hotA hai| zrutajJAna ke abhyAsa se jIva ko heya, jJeya aura upAdeya Adi kA jJAna hotA hai| isa bhAvanA se vyakti kA bheda-vijJAna puSTa hotA hai|333 dhyAnavicAra meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAna-bhAvanA tIna bheda se yukta hai| ve bheda nimnAMkita haiM- 1. sUtra 2. artha aura 3. tadubhaya (sUtra aura arth)|334 a. sUtra jJAna-bhAvanA - mUla pATha kA zuddha evaM spaSTa uccAraNapUrvaka adhyayana krnaa| ba. artha jJAna-bhAvanA - sUtroM, siddhAntoM para racita niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi, vRtti Adi ke dvArA sUtroM ke arthoM kA adhyayana-manana krnaa| sa. tadubhaya jJAna-bhAvanA - sUtra aura artha- donoM ke sandeza ko jIvana meM AtmasAt krnaa| 330 tatra jJAnasya bhAvanA jJAnabhAvanA ....... bhAvanA bhvtiiti|| 337 || - AcArAMgasUtra, cUlikA- 3. 331 jJAne nityAbhyAsA ................ dharmya dhyaayti|| - tattvArthasiddhavRtti. 332 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 268. 333 adhyAtmasAra- 16/19-20. 334 (ka) tatra jJAnabhAvanA-sUtrArtha tadubhayabhedAt tridhaa| - dhyAnavicAra- 1. (kha) vaMjaNa-attha-tadubhaya ................ || - zrAvakAcAra ke paMcAcAra meM jJAnAcAra ke antargata. For Personal & Private Use Only

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159 dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki par3hanA, pUchanA, yathArtha tAtparya kA cintana-manana karanA, punarAvartana karanA aura dharma-upadeza (sva-para hitAya) denA- yaha saba jJAna-bhAvanA hai|335 1 (ba). darzana-bhAvanA - dhyAnazataka meM kahA hai ki zaMkAdi se rahita hokara svabhAva-dazA meM sthira rahane ke lie darzana-bhAvanA Avazyaka hai| AcArya haribhadra ne dhyAnazataka kI TIkA meM yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki zaMkAdi doSoM se rahita sva-svarUpa meM avasthiti hI dhyAna ke mAdhyama se darzana-vizuddhi kA AdhAra banatI hai| ve likhate haiM ki zaMkAdi doSoM se rahita tathA prazama, sthairya Adi guNoM se yukta vivekavAn sAdhu hI dhyAna se darzana-vizuddhi ko prApta hotA hai aura isI jJAna ke vikAsa tathA darzanavizuddhi ke dvArA vaha Age cAritra-bhAvanA meM ArohaNa karatA hai|336 . AcArAMgasUtra kI cUlikA kI gAthA kramAMka tIna sau unatIsa se tIna sau cauMtIsa meM darzana-bhAvanA kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| tIrthakaroM, gaNadharoM Adi kA darzana, kIrtana, stavanA, stotroM Adi evaM puSpamAlA se pUjana, arcana karanA, guNagAna karanA darzanabhAvanA hai| nirantara abhyAsa dvArA darzana-bhAvanA ke mAdhyama se AtmA ke darzana kI vizuddhi hotI hai|337 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA hai ki zaMkAdi zalya se rahita, sammoha se rahita, saMvega-nirveda Adi guNoM se yukta, darzana-bhAvanA se yukta, nirmala buddhi vAlA jIva nirantara dharmadhyAna meM Age bar3hatA hai|38 saMkSepa meM, rAga-dveSAdi bhAvoM se rahita hokara 335 vAcanA pRcchanA sAdhuprekSaNaM privrtnm| saddharmadarzanaM ceti jJAtavyA jJAnabhAvanA / / - dhyAnadIpikA- 2/8. 336 (ka) saMkAidosarahio psm-theNjjaaigunngnnoveo| hoi asaMmUDhamaNodasaNasuddhIya jhaannNmi|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 32. (kha) zaMkAdidoSarahita iti zaGkanaM zaGkA .......... prazrama, sthairyAdiguNagaNopetaH / / - dhyAnazatakaTIkA, haribhadrIya. 337 daMsaNanANacaritte tavaveragge ya hoi u pstthaa| jAya jahA tA ya tahA lakkhaNa vuccha slkkhnno| titthagarANa ......... iyaM esA daMsaNe hoii|| - AcArAMgasUtre, cUlikA- 3. 338 tathA vigatazaGakAdizalyaH prazama-saMvega-nirvedA'nakampA''stikya-sthairya-prabhAvanA-yatanAsevana bhaktiyuktaH asammUDhacetA darzanabhAvanayA vimalIkRtamatiraskhalitameva dharma dhyaayti|| - tattvArthasiddhavRttau. For Personal & Private Use Only

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- 160 taTasthabhAva se padArtha ko dekhanA darzana-bhAvanA hai| isake sama, saMvegAdi pAMca guNa haiM aura zaMkA, kAMkSAdi pAMca doSa haiN|339 adhyAtmasAra meM kahA hai ki darzana-bhAvanA kA abhyAsa karane vAle ko sadaiva suguru-sudharma ke svarUpa ko jAnanA caahie| jinavacanoM para zraddhA rakhakara zaMkA, AkAMkSA, vicikitsA, prazaMsA aura saMstavana- ina samyaktva ke pAMca dUSaNoM ko prayatnapUrvaka dUra karanA cAhie tathA jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA, jinAjJA Adi kA barAbara pAlana karanA caahie|340 dhyAnavicAra ke anusAra AjJAruci, navatattva-ruci aura aTThAIsa parama tattvoM kI ruci (arthAt dhyAna ke caubIsa bhedoM kI ruci) vAlI 'darzanabhAvanA' tIna bheda vAlI hai|341 dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki saMvega, upazama, sthiratA, dRr3ha-nizcayatA, nirabhimAnatA, AsthA aura anukampA- ye darzanabhAvanA ke lakSaNa haiN|342 1 (sa). cAritra-bhAvanA - dhyAnazataka ke kartA AcArya jinabhadragaNi ne cAritra-bhAvanA ko spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki zubhatva meM sthira hone ke lie azubhatva kA nirAkaraNa anivArya hai| yaha satya hai ki zubhatva ke mAdhyama se bhI navIna karmoM kA AdAna to hotA hai, kintu usake sAtha purAne karmoM kI nirjarA bhI hotI hai, kyoMki zubha nAma, gotra, karmoM ke upArjana se vaha puNya-prakRti kA baMdha karatA hai, jisake antargata sAtA-vedanIya, samyaktvamoha, puruSaveda, zubhAyu, nAma, gotra Adi kI prApti hotI hai, jisake mAdhyama se vaha sAdhanA ke kSetra meM Age pragati kara sakatA hai|343 339 prastuta saMdarbha jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 268. 340 adhyAtmasAra- 16/19-20. 341 darzanabhAvanA AjJArUci-tattva-paramatattva-rUci bhedAt tridhA saMkAidosarahio ityaadi||. - dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 174. 342 saMvegaH prazamaH sthairyamasaMmUDhatvamasmayaH / AstikyamanukaMpeti jJeyA samyaktva bhaavnaa|| - dhyAnadIpikA- 2/9. 343 navakammANAyANaM porANaviNijjaraM subhaayaannN| cArittabhAvaNAe jhANamayatteNa ya smei|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 33. For Personal & Private Use Only

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161 AcArAMgasUtra kI cUlikA meM kahA hai- ahiMsA-svarUpa vAlI pAMcoM mahAvratoM kI bhAvanA bahuta hI sundara va zubha hai- yaha jinavANI kA yathArtha kathana hai| bAraha prakAra ke tapa kA varNana mAtra jinazAsana meM hI hai, anya darzana meM nahIM, ataH ye cAritra-bhAvanA ke lakSaNa haiN|344 - tattvArthasiddhavRtti 45 meM kahA hai- cAritra-bhAvanA meM sthita jIva nae karmoM ko grahaNa nahIM karate, sAtha hI purAne karmoM kI nirjarA karate haiM aura zubha karmoM kA saMcaya karate hue dharmadhyAnI hote haiN| .. adhyAtmasAra ke kartA yazovijayajI ne cAritra-bhAvanA kA varNana karate hue kahA hai- 'prastuta bhAvanA kA abhyAsa karane vAle ko indriyoM para niyaMtraNa prApta karake viSayoM aura kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta karanA caahie| hiMsAdi sAvadya-kriyAoM se haTakara bAraha prakAra ke tapoM meM ramaNa karanA aura samiti, gupti kA pAlana karanA caahie|346: - dhyAnavicAra meM kahA hai ki cAritra-bhAvanA ke bhI tIna stara haiN| ve nimnAMkita 1. sarvavirata 2. dezavirata aura 3.avirt|47 dhyAnadIpikA ke anusAra gamanAgamana Adi ke sambandha meM saMyama, nigraha karanA, mana-vacana-kAyA kA gopana karanA evaM parISaha sahana karanA hI cAritra-bhAvanA hai|348 ___ rAgAdibhAvoM se rahita hokara samabhAva kI sAdhanA ke abhyAsa kA nAma hI cAritra-bhAvanA hai| inameM cAra kArya hote haiM1. AsavoM ko rokanA 2. pUrvasaMcita karmoM kI nirjarA 3. samiti, gupti meM zubha pravRtti 4. dhyAna kI sahaja praapti|349 - 344 sAdhu zobhano'hiMsAdilakSaNo dharma iti prathamavratabhAvanA, tathA satyamasminnevArhate pravacane sAdhu _zobhanaM ............ dvAdazAGgaM tapa ihaiva zobhanaM naanytreti| - AcArAMgasUtra, cUlikA- 3. 345 ..... tathAcaraNabhAvanAdhiSThitaH karmASyaparANinAdatte, purAtananirjaraNaM zubhAni vA saJcinute tatazcAyatnenaiva dharmadhyAyI bhvti|| - tattvArthasiddhavRttau. 346 adhyAtmasAra- 16/19-20. A cAritra-bhAvanA-sarvavidita dezavirata-avirata-bhedAt tridhA / / -dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 174. 348 IryAdiviSayA yatnA manovAkakAyaguptayaH / pariSahasahiSNutvamiti caaritrbhaavnaa|| - dhyAnadIpikA- 2/10. 349 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAnayoga, pR. 268. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___162 1 (da). vairAgya-bhAvanA - dhyAnazataka meM vairAgya bhAvanA kA nirUpaNa karate hue kR tikAra kahate haiM- saMsAra ke svabhAva ko bhalibhAMti jAna lene aura viSayAsakti, bhaya tathA apekSAoM se mukta hone para hRdaya meM vairAgyabhAva utpanna ho jAtA hai| phalasvarUpa, dhyAna meM sthiratA A jAtI hai, nisaMgatA, nirbhayatA Adi guNoM kI sahaja rUpa se prApti hotI hai|350 AcArAMga kI cUlikA ke anusAra vairAgya-bhAvanA arthAt sAMsArika-sukhoM kI jugupsA, sAtha hI yaha cintana ki jJAna, darzana se yukta merI AtmA zAzvata hai, bAkI saba saMyoga merA bAhya-bhAva hai|151 . tattvArthasiddhavRtti ke anusAra, tapa aura tyAga karane ke lie maiM samartha hUM, zarIra-zuzrUSA kA tyAga karane meM maiM samartha hUM, merA kaunasA tapa kaunase dravya meM calatA hai- isa prakAra kA cintana karanA, saMsAra ke prati nirveda-bhAvanA mAnA hai|352 saMkSepa meM, anAsakti, anAkAMkSA aura abhaya-pravRtti kA satata abhyAsa karanA hI vairAgya-bhAvanA hai|353 adhyAtmasAra meM kahA hai ki vairAgya-bhAvanA kA abhyAsa karane vAle ko vinAzazIla saMsAra ke svabhAva tathA zarIra ke svarUpa ko jAnakara anAsakta bananA cAhie, viSaya-vAsanAoM se virakta honA caahie| aisI bhAvanA se hRdaya ko bhAvita karane para dharmadhyAna karane vAlo kI yogyatA meM vRddhi hotI hai|354 dhyAnavicAra ke anusAra vairAgya-bhAvanA ke tIna bheda haiM1. anAdi bhava-bhramaNa kA cintana 2. viSayoM kI vimukhatA aura 3. deha kI azucitA kA cintn|355 dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki viSayoM ke prati mamatva nahIM rakhanA, tattvoM kA cintana karanA, svabhAva kA vicAra karanA vairAgya-bhAvanA hai| isase sAdhaka sahaja hI dhyAnArUr3ha ho sakatA hai|356 350 suvidiyajagassabhAvo nissaMgo nibhao nirAso y| veraggabhAviyamaNo jhANami suniccalo hoi|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 34. 351 ityevaM tapasi bhAvanA vidheyaa| evaM saMyame indriyanoindriyanigraharUpe tathA saMhanane vajarSabhAdike .... vairAgyabhAvanA anityatvAdi bhaavnaaruupaa| - AcArAMgasatre calikA. 352 vairAgyaM naametyaadi| virAgabhAvovairAgyam ....... || - tattvArthasiddhavRttau. 953 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAnayoga, pa. 268. adhyAtmasAra-16/19-20. 355 vairAgyabhAvanA-anAdi bhavabhramaNa cintana-viSayavaimukhya-zarIrAzucitA cintana bhedAt tridhA suviiyajagassabhAvo ityaadi|| - dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 174. For Personal & Private Use Only

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163 samyak darzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa ratnatrayI ke satata abhyAsa se dhyAna kI yogyatA prakaTa hotI hai| 2. deza-dvAra - dhyAnazataka meM kahA hai ki dhyAna kI sAdhanA ke lie kSetra kA bhI mahattva hai| yuvatiyoM, pazuoM, napuMsakoM aura niMdanIya AcaraNa karane vAle vyaktiyoM se zUnya athavA ekAnta sthAna ko sAdhu ke AvAsa evaM dhyAna ke yogya mAnA gayA hai| dhyAna ke lie to vizeSa rUpa se ekAnta hI honA caahie|357 sAmAnyatayA, yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki ekAnta-kSetra meM dhyAna-sAdhanA acchI taraha se hotI hai, kintu jainadarzana kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki dhyAna kI sAdhanA kA sambandha kisI sthAna-vizeSa se nahIM hai| sakSama sAdhaka ke lie janAkIrNa sthAna para bhI vaha sambhava hai, phira bhI TIkAkAra haribhadra ne spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA hai ki dhyAna-sAdhanA janAkIrNa sthAna kI apekSA ekAnta meM adhika saphala hotI hai| isa bAta kA samarthana hameM prAcInatama jaina-Agama AcArAMgasUtra se bhI milatA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki dharmasAdhanA grAma meM bhI evaM araNya meM bhI ho sakatI hai aura na grAma meM ho sakatI hai, na hI araNya meM ho sakatI hai|358 sammativRtti meM yaha ullekha bhI milatA hai ki prazasta-dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna- ye donoM upAdeya haiN| prastuta dhyAna meM parvata kI guphA, jIrNazIrNa udyAna, zmazAna, ghara, janapada se rahita sthAna jahAM ki ekAgratA meM vyavadhAna Ae- aise nimittoM se rahita ucita zilA, jahAM manda-manda vAyu calatA ho- aise sthAna para khar3e-khar3e kAyotsarga karate haiN|359 356 viSayeSvanabhiSvaGga kArya tattvAnucintanam / jagatsvabhAvacinteti vairaagysthairybhaavnaaH|| - dhyAnadIpikA- 2/11. 357 niccaM ciya juvai pasU napaMsaga-kasIlavajjiyaM jinno| ThANaM viyaNaM bhaNiyaM visesao jhaannkaalNmi|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 35. 358 (ka) grAme janAkIrNa zUnye'raNye vA na vishess|| - AcArAMga- 1/8/1. (kha) gAme vA aduvAraNNe neva gAma neva rnne|| - AcArAga- 1/8/1. 359 upAdeyaM tu prazastaM dharma-zukla dhyAnadvayam / tatra parvataguhA jIrNodyAna ................ / / - sammativRtti, kA. 3. For Personal & Private Use Only

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164 SaTkhaNDAgama evaM tattvAnuzAsana meM kahA gayA hai ki nizcala, sthira mana vAle sAdhaka ke lie grAma, nagara, vana, zmazAna, guphA, mahala- saba samAna haiN|360 adhyAtmasAra 61 ke anusAra, Agama meM muni ke lie strI, pazu, napuMsaka aura duHzIla se rahita sthAna kahA gayA hai| isameM bhI dhyAna ke samaya ko vizeSa rUpa se kahA hai| yogazAstra ke kartA hemacandrAcArya, dhyAna karane ke lie kisa prakAra ke sthAna kI jarUrata hai- usakA varNana karate hue kahate haiM ki AsanoM kA abhyAsa kara lene vAlA yogI dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie tIrthakaroM kI janmabhUmi yA dIkSA, kaivalya athavA nirvANabhUmi meM jaae| yadi jAne kI suvidhA na ho, to kisI ekAnta sthAna kA Azraya le / 362 jJAnArNava ke granthakAra AcArya zubhacandrajI ne jJAnArNava grantha ke paccIsaveM prakaraNa ke 'dhyAnaviruddhasthAna' ke antargata gAthA kramAMka bAIsa se paiMtIsa taka dhyAna ke yogya tathA ayogya sthAnoM kI carcA kI hai|363 AdipurANa meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA hai ki adhyAtma ke svarUpa ko jAnane vAlA muni sUne ghara meM, zmazAna meM, jIrNa vana meM, nadI ke kinAre, parvata ke zikhara para, guphA meM, vRkSa kI koTara meM athavA aura bhI kisI aise pavitra tathA manohara pradeza meM, jahAM Atapa na ho, sUkSma jIvoM kA upadrava na ho, ityAdi sthAnoM para dhyAna kara sakatA hai|64 360 (ka) thirakayajogANaMpuNa muNiNaM jhANe .... viseso|| - SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga- 5, dhavalATIkA, pR. 67. (kha) tattvAnuzAsana nAmaka dhyAnazAstra (rA.se.), gAthA- 90-95. 361 strIpazuklIbaduHzIla-varjitaM sthaanmaagme| sadA yatInAmAjJaptaM dhyAnakAle vizeSataH / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/26. 362 tIrtha vA svasthatAhetu yattadvA dhyaansiddhye| kRtAsanajayo yogI viviktaM sthAnamAzrayet / - yogazAstra-4-123. 363 vikIryate manaH sadyaH sthAnadoSeNa dehinAm / tadeva svasthatAM dhatte sthAnamAsAdya bandhuram / mlecchAdhamajanairjuSTaM .................. sevyAni sthAnAni munisattamaiH / - jJAnArNava- 25/22-35 364 zUnyAlaye zmazAne vA jaradudyAnake'pi vaa| saritpulinagiryagragahvare drumkottre| zucAvanyatame deze citthaarinnypaatke| nAtyuSNazizire nApi prbuddhtrmaaruute| vimuktavarSasaMbAdhe suukssmjntvnupdrute| jala saMpAtanirmukte mandamanda nbhsvti| - AdipurANa- 21/57-59. 965 siddhatIrthAdike kSetre zubhasthAne nirnyjne| For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAnadIpikA ke anusAra, jina sthaloM para jIvoM ne mukti prApta kI ho- aise tIrthasthAnoM meM, acche sthAnoM meM, jahAM manuSya na rahate hoM- aise sthAnoM meM, athavA jahAM mana ko zAMti milatI ho- aise pradezoM meM muni ko dhyAna karanA caahie|365 yogadvAra : dhyAnazataka ke anusAra, yogoM kI sthiratA se jinakA mana dhyAna meM nizcala ho gayA hai- aise muniyoM ke lie manuSyoM se vyApta grAma meM aura zUnya araNya meM koI antara nahIM hai, ataH jisa sthAna para dhyAna karane se mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM kI sthiratA meM vyavadhAna na ho, jo sthAna jIvAkula pradeza se rahita ho- aise sthAna dhyAna-sAdhanA ke lie anukUla hote haiN|366 isase yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki dhyAna ke lie zArIrika-ekAgratA evaM vacana kA mauna bhI Avazyaka hai, kyoMki uparyukta donoM AvazyakatAeM mana kI ekAgratA meM sahAyaka hotI haiN| mana jo bhI vikalpa karatA hai, una vikalpoM kI abhivyaktiM vacana aura zarIra ke dvArA hotI hai| TIkAkAra haribhadra kahate haiM ki yogoM kI asthiratA kI eka caturbhagI banatI haieka vyakti zarIra se sthira hotA hai, lekina mana se asthira hotA hai| eka vyakti mana se sthira hotA hai, lekina zarIra se asthira hotA hai| eka vyakti mana aura zarIra- donoM se asthira hotA hai| eka vyakti mana, vacana aura zarIra- tInoM se asthira hotA hai| jisa prakAra asthiratA kI eka caturbhagI banatI hai, usI prakAra yogoM kI sthiratA kI bhI eka caturbhagI bana sakatI hai zarIra se sthira aura mana sthir| vacana se sthira aura mana sthir| zarIra aura vacana- donoM se sthir| mana-vacana aura kAyA- tInoM se sthir| ___ manaH prItipradedezedhyAnasiddhirbhavenmuneH / / - dhyAnadIpikA- 114. 366 thira-kayajogANaM puNa muNINa jhANe sunizcalamaNANaM / gAmaMmi jaNAiNNe suNNe raNNe vaNa viseso| to jattha samAhANaM hojja mnnovaaykaayjogaannN| bhUovaroharahio so deso jhaaymaannss| - dhyAnazataka- 36-37. For Personal & Private Use Only

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166 adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai ki sthira yoga vAle yogI ke lie to gAMva, jaMgala yA upavana koI vizeSa mahattva nahIM rakhatA hai| jahAM sAdhi rahe, vahI pradeza yA sthala dhyAna ke anukUla mAnA jAtA hai|367 dhyAnadIpikA meM bhI isI bAta kI puSTi milatI hai ki sthira yoga ke abhyAsI ko jana-samudAyayukta grAma athavA zUnya jaMgala- donoM sthAna bAdhArahita pratIta hote haiN|368 3. kAla-dvAra - kAladvAra ke antargata dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka ar3atIsa meM kahA gayA hai ki sAmAnyatayA yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki divasa aura rAtri ke saMdhikAla ke samaya athavA madhyAhana meM dhyAna karanA acchA hotA hai369, kintu mUla granthakAra kA mantavya yaha hai ki dina aura rAtri ke saMdhikAla meM dhyAna jyAdA acchI taraha hotA hai, phira bhI na to mUla granthakAra jinabhadragaNi aura na hI TIkAkAra haribhadra isase sahamata the| ve kahate haiM ki divasa yA rAtri Adi dhyAna ke lie Avazyaka tattva nahIM haiN| sAdhaka apanI sthiti ke anusAra kabhI bhI dhyAna kara sakatA hai|370 adhyAtmasAra meM bhI yahI likhA hai ki dhyAnI ke lie kAla kA koI bandhana nahIM hotA hai| citta kI sthiratA hone ke bAda kAla kI pratikUlatA kA bandhana kama ho jAtA hai| dhyAnadIpikA ke anusAra, mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yoga kA zreSTha samAdhAna -kAraka samaya hI upayukta hai| dhyAna hetu dina, rAta, velA Adi kA koI niyama nahIM hai|372 367 sthirayogasya tu grAme-'vizeSA kAnane vne| tena yatra samAdhAnaM sa dezo dhyAyato mtH|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/27. 368 dhyAnadIpikA, pR. 270. 369 kAlo'vi socciya jahiM jogasamAhANamuttamaM lhi| na u divasa-nisA-velAiniyamaNaM jhAiNo bhnniyN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 38. 370 divasa nizA-velAdiniyamanaM dhyAyino bhaNitamiti ... || - dhyAnazataka, hAribhadrIyavRtti, pR. 66. 371 yatra yogasamAdhAnaM kAlo'pISTa: sa eva hi| dinarAtrikSaNAdInAM dhyAnino niyamastu n|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/28. 372 yatra kAle samAdhAnaM yogAnAM yogino bhvet| dhyAnakAlaH sa vijJeyo dinAderniyamo'sti naH / / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 115. For Personal & Private Use Only

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167 AdipurANa meM bhI yaha spaSTa likhA hai ki dhyAnAbhilASI dhIra, vIra sAdhakoM ke lie rAta-dina aura saMdhyAkAla Adi kA samaya nizcita nahIM hai| dhyAnarUpI dhana icchAnusAra kisI bhI samaya prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai|373 jo nirantara zubhabhAvoM meM ramaNa karatA hai, usa muni ke lie kAla-viziSTa kA mahattva nahIM hai, kintu DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apanI pustaka jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna74 meM spaSTa likhA hai ki jahAM taka muni kI sAmAcArI kA prazna hai, uttarAdhyayana-sUtra meM sAmAnya rUpa se madhyAhna aura madhyarAtri ko dhyAna ke lie upayukta samaya batAyA gayA hai|75 upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM zakaDAla putra ke dvArA madhyAhna meM dhyAna karane kA nirdeza hai|376 kahIM-kahIM prAtaHkAla aura saMdhyAkAla meM bhI dhyAna karane kA vidhAna milatA hai| 4. Asana-dvAra - dhyAnazataka grantha meM granthakAra ne likhA hai ki deha kI jisa abhyasta-avasthA meM nirbAdha dhyAna sambhava ho, usI avasthA meM dhyAna karanA caahie| isameM baiThe yA khar3e rahane ke lie kisI khAsa Asana kA mahattva nahIM hai|77 dUsare zabdoM meM, sAmAnyatayA yogadarzanoM meM dhyAna ke lie Asana ko Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai, kintu jaina-darzana meM dhyAna ke lie Asana ke mahattva ko svIkAra karate hue bhI isa bAta para jyAdA jora diyA gayA hai ki zarIra kI jisa kisI bhI avasthA meM dhyAna sambhava ho, usI avasthA yA Asana ko svIkAra karake dhyAna karanA caahie| ___TIkAkAra haribhadra ne apanI TIkA meM bhI mUla granthakAra ke mantavya ko svIkAra karate hue kahA hai ki jisa kisI Asana se dhyAna meM sthiratA prApta hotI ho, usI Asana meM dhyAna karanA caahie| yadyapi unhoMne TIkA meM khar3e hokara, baiThakara athavA vIrAsana Adi ke dvArA dhyAna karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| 378 373 na cAhorAtrasaMdhyAdilakSaNa: kAlaparyayaH / niyato'syAti didhyAsostdadhyAnaM sArvakAlikam / / - AdipurANa- 21/81. 374 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 20. 375 uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 26/12. 376 upAsakadazAMgasUtra- 8/182. 377 jacciya dehAvatthA jiyANa jhANovarohiNI hoi| jhAijjA tadavattho Thio nisaNNo nivnnnnovaa|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 39. 378 upaviSTo vIrAsanAdinA ...... || - dhyAnazataka, hAribhadrIya TIkAsahita, sanmArga prakAzana, pR. 66 For Personal & Private Use Only

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168 deza, kAla aura Asana ke dhyAna kI carcA ke uparAMta mukhya rUpa se mUla grantha kI gAthA kramAMka cAlIsa-ikalAtIsa meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki zreSTha kevalajJAna kA lAbha to pApa ke upazamana se hI hotA hai tathA jaba taka yogoM kA samAhAra nahIM hotA, taba taka pApa bhI upazAnta nahIM hote| isa apekSA se yaha mAnanA cAhie ki yogoM ke samAdhAna ke lie ina bAhya-tattvoM kA sthAna rahA huA hai| isa prakAra, mUla granthakAra tathA TIkAkAra ne dhyAnasAdhanA ke kSetra meM deza, kAla, Asana Adi ke mahattva ko sthApita kiyA hai|379 adhyAtmasAra meM isa bAta kI puSTi karate hue yazovijayajI likhate haiM ki siddha kiyA huA Asana kabhI bhI dhyAna kA upaghAta nahIM kara sakatA hai, ataH tadanusAra baiThe-baiThe, khar3e-khar3e athavA leTe-leTe bhI dhyAna kara sakate haiN|380 yogazAstra grantha ke kartA hemacandrAcArya ne prastuta grantha ke caturtha prakAza kI gAthA kramAMka eka sau caubIsa se eka sau chattIsa taka AsanoM ke svarUpa kA nirdeza karate hue kahA hai ki jisa Asana se lambe samaya taka baiThane para bhI samAdhi rahe, citta vicalita na ho- isa taraha ke sukhAsana meM hI dhyAtA ko baiThanA caahie|381 AdipurANa meM likhA hai- zarIra kI jo-jo avasthA (Asana) dhyAna kA virodha karane vAlI na ho, usI-usI avasthA meM sthita hokara muniyoM ko dhyAna karanA caahie| ve avasthAeM cAhe vIrAsana, vajrAsana, godohAsa, dhanurAsana Adi kyoM na hoM, arthAt khar3e hokara, baiThakara, sokara bhI dhyAna kara sakate haiN|382 dhyAnadIpikA meM bhI spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA hai ki padmAsana, siddhAsana yA svastikAsana Adi jo Asana dhyAna meM vyavadhAna na DAleM, jisa Asana se dhyAnasiddhi sambhava ho, usI Asana meM sAdhaka ko dhyAnamagna honA caahie| eka bAta yaha bhI dhyAna 379 (ka) savvAsu vaTTamANA muNao jaM des-kaal-cetttthaasu| varakevalAilAbhaM pattA bahuso smiypaavaa|| to desa-kAla-ceTThAniyamo jhANassa natthi smyNmi| jogANa samAhANaM jai hoi tahA payaiyatvaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 40-41. (kha) adhyAtmasAra- 16/30. 380"savA'vasthA jitA jAta na syAda dhyaanopghaatinii| tayA dhyAyenniSaNNo vA sthito vA shyito'thvaa|| - adhyAtmasAra-16/29. 381 paryaMka-vIra-vajAbja-bhadra-daNDAsanAni c| utkaTikA-godohikA-kAyotsargastathA''sanam syAjjaMgha ................ dhyAtA dhyAnodyato bhvet|| - yogazAstra- 4/124-136. 982 palyaMka iva didhyAsoH kAyotsargo'pi sammataH / samaprayuktasarvAGgo dvAtriMzaddoSavarjitaH / visaMsthulAsanasthasya ......... sukhAsanam / / - AdipurANa- 21/69-75. For Personal & Private Use Only

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169 dene yogya hai ki dhyAnI pUrvAbhimukha athavA uttarAbhimukha hI honA cAhie- aisA koI niyama nahIM hai|383 isake atirikta, aneka jainagranthoM meM dhyAna ke AsanoM ke sambandha meM kAphI vicAra-vimarza huaa| sAdhAraNatayA, padmAsana, paryakAsana evaM khaDgAsana Adi dhyAna ke mahattvapUrNa Asana mAne jAte haiN|384 sthAnAMgasUtra meM vividha AsanoM kA vivecana hai|385 aupapAtikasUtra meM eka sthAna para bhagavAn mahAvIra ke anagAroM kI utkRSTa dharmArAdhanA kA vivecana huA hai, svaruci sAdhaka ArAdhanA-sAdhanA meM lIna rahate the| kucha sAdhaka apane donoM ghuTanoM ko UMcA uThAe, mastaka ko nIcA kie, eka vizeSa Asana meM avasthita hote hue dhyAnarUpI koSTha meM praviSTa hote the, arthAt dhyAnarata rahate the|386 sAmAnyatayA, jaina-paramparA ke antargata padmAsana aura khaDgAsana hI dhyAna hetu adhika prakhyAta Asana rahe haiM,387 kintu kalpasUtra meM yaha ullekha bhI milatA hai ki jaba mahAvIra ko kevalajJAna prakaTa huA, taba ve goduhAsana meM sthita the|388 zrI paramAtmadvAtriMzikA ke kartA AcArya amitagati ne kahA hai ki dhyAna kA Asana na saMstara hai, na pASANa hai, na traNa hai, na bhUmi hai aura na kASThaphalaka hai, kintu jisake antaHkaraNa se viSaya-kaSAyarUpa zatru naSTa ho gae haiM, usI nirmala sAdhaka ko jJAnIjanoM ne dhyAna kA Asana mAnA hai|389 383 padmAsanAdinA yenA-sanenaiva sukhI bhavet / dhyAnaM tenAsanena syAd dhyAnAni dhyaansiddhye| pUrvAbhimukho dhyAnI na cottraabhimukho'thvaa| prasannavadano dhIro dhyAnakAle prshsyte|| _ - dhyAnadIpikA- 116-117. 384 (ka) ThANaM (suttAgame) - 5/1/494. (kha) AyAre (sattAgame) - 1/9/4/512, 2/3/1/700-702. (ga) adhyAtmatattvAloka- 3/94-97. (gha) jJAnArNava- 28/9-10. 385 paMca NisijjAo paNNatAo, taM jahA-ukkuDuyA, godohiyA, samapAyaputA paliyaMkA __ atttthpliyNkaa| - sthAnAMgasUtra- 5/1/50, sa. madhukaramuni, pR. 465. 386 aupapAtikasUtra- 31, pR. 80. 387 jJAnArNava- 28/10. 388 godohiyAe ukkuddynilijjaae| - kalpasUtra- 120. 389 nasaMstaro'zmA na taNaM na medinI, vidhAnato no phalako vinirmitH| yato nirastAkSa-kaSAya-vidviSaH sudhIbhirAtmaiva sunirmalo mataH / - zrI paramAtma dvAtriMzikA- 22. 390 bheda meM chipA abhed| - yu. mahAprajJa, pR. 110. For Personal & Private Use Only

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170 AcArya mahAprajJa ke anusAra, Asana se svAsthya bhI sudRr3ha hotA hai aura dhyAna se hone vAlI zarIra kI hAniyoM se dUra rahA jA sakatA hai|390 DaoN sAgaramala jaina kA kahanA hai ki samAdhimaraNa yA zArIrika-azakti kI sthiti meM leTe-leTe bhI dhyAna kiyA jA sakatA hai|391 sarAMza yaha hai ki jina AsanoM ko sAdhaka ne siddha kara lie hoM aura sukhapUrvaka baiThane meM jo Asana vyavadhAna na pahuMcAte hoM, ve hI Asana dhyAna ke lie sarvazreSTha mAne jAte haiN|392 5. Alambana-dvAra - vAcanA, prazna pUchanA, sUtroM kA abhyAsa, anucintana, sAmAyika aura saddharma kI Avazyaka bAteM- ye dhyAna ke Alambana haiN|393 jisa prakAra koI vyakti majabUta rassI ke sahAre durgama sthAna para pahuMca jAtA hai, usI prakAra sAdhaka bhI vAcanA, pRcchanA Adi ke Alambana se zuddha dhyAna meM ArUr3ha ho jAtA hai, athavA dhyAna kA sAdhaka sUtroM kA sahArA lekara zreSTha dhyAna taka jA pahuMcatA __zukladhyAna kI antima do avasthAoM ko chor3akara dharmadhyAna aura prAraMbhika zukladhyAna meM Alambana rahate haiN| ina Alambana kI carcA karate hue mUla granthakAra ne eka ora sAmAyika tathA dUsarI ora vAcanA, pRcchanA, parAvartanA, anucintA Adi ko dhyAna ke Alambana ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| unhoMne yaha mAnA hai ki sAmAyika Adi Avazyaka-kriyAeM aura svAdhyAya- ye dhyAna ke Alambana haiN| sAmAyika meM jo mukha-vastrikA, pratilekhana Adi kriyAeM 'sakala cakravAla samAcArI' meM samAhita haiM, ve pratilekhanAdi meM citta kI ekAgratA aura sajagatA ke lie Avazyaka haiN| isa prakAra, SaDAvazyakoM, jo ki cAritradharmarUpa haiM, unameM bhI sajagatA aura ekAgratA Avazyaka hotI hai, ataH ve bhI Alambana hI mAne gae haiN| isI prakAra, svAdhyAya ke vAcanAdi aMga bhI 991 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 19. 392 jJAnArNava- 28/11. 393 AlaMbaNAi vaaynn-pucchnn-priyttttnnaa'nnuciNtaao| sAmAiyAiyAiM saddhammAvassasayAiM c|| - dhyAnazataka-42. 394 visamaMmi samArohai daDhadavvAlaMbaNo jahA puriso| sattAikayAlaMbo taha jhANavaraM smaaruuhi|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 43. For Personal & Private Use Only

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171 dharmadhyAna meM ArohaNa karane ke lie AlambanarUpa hI haiN| dhyAna evaM vizeSa dharmadhyAna ke lie dRr3hatA (balavAn) Avazyaka hotI hai aura Alambana ke AdhAra se hI dhyAna meM kramazaH pragati hotI hai| cUMki dhyAna meM pragati ke lie mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRttiyoM kA samAhAra yA cittavRtti kI samAdhi Avazyaka hai, ataH sAdhaka ko dhyAna ke kSetra meM Alambana lekara hI prayatna karanA cAhie, isase citta kI bhaTakana kama hotI hai| __ kevalI kA dhyAna to nirAlambana aura yoganigraharUpa hotA hai, kintu sAmAnya vyakti ke dhyAna ke lie to Alambana apekSita hote haiN| yahAM yaha spaSTa karanA Avazyaka hai ki AcArya haribhadra ne dhyAnazataka kI apanI TIkA meM dharmadhyAna ke lie Alambana kI mahattA ko sthApita kiyA hai, kyoMki jaba taka rAga-deSa Adi kaSAyoM kA zamana nahIM hotA, taba taka dhyAna ke kSetra meM pragati sambhava nahIM hai| AlambanoM ke svarUpa kI carcA Age vistAra se kI jaaegii| 6. krama-dvAra - dhyAnazataka meM kramadvAra kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai ki mokSaprApti se pahale antarmuhUrta paryanta kevalI ke zukladhyAna meM manoyoga Adi kA nirodha hotA hai| vaha krama hai- sUkSma manoyoga, phira sUkSma vacanayoga aura anta meM sUkSma kAyayoga kA nirodha, bAkI dharmadhyAna kI avasthAoM meM sAdhaka jisa prakAra bhI samAdhi ko prApta ho, usI krama se nigraha karatA hai|395 dhyAna kA mukhya lakSya to mana kA amana ho jAnA hai, vikalpoM kA zAnta ho jAnA hai, kintu yaha saba sahaja hI sambhava nahIM hotA hai| usake lie prayatna athavA sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke jo vibhinna caraNa AgamoM meM yA prastuta kRti meM ullekhita haiM, ve saba isI bAta ko spaSTa karate haiM ki dhyAna ke kSetra meM cittavRtti ke nirodha ke prayatnoM se lekara nirvikalpa-avasthA taka pahuMcane meM na kevala samaya aura sAdhanA apekSita hai, apitu usameM krama bhI Avazyaka hai| __ dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke cAra-cAra bheda usI krama ko sUcita karate haiN| sarvaprathama jJeya viSaya kA Alambana hotA hai aura phira kramazaH usa jJeya viSaya ko sUkSma 395 jhANappaDivattikamo hoi mnnojognigghaaiio| bhavakAle kevaliNo sesassa jhaasmaahiie|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA-- 44. For Personal & Private Use Only

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karate hue anta meM nirvikalpa - ki dhyAna-sAdhanA meM kramazaH hI vyakti Age bar3ha sakatA hai| - dazA ko prApta kiyA jAtA hai| isase yaha nizcita hotA hai adhyAtmasAra ke anusAra, kevalajJAnI mahApuruSoM kA mokSa prApta karane kA atinikaTa samaya ho, arthAt zailezI ke pahale kA antarmuhUrtta kA kAla ho, taba ve yoga kA nirodha karate haiM, kintu isameM bhI krama hotA hai| ve sarvaprathama bAdarakAyayoga kA Azraya lekara bAdaravacanayoga aura bAdaramanoyoga kA nirodha karate haiM, phira zvAsocchvAsa ko rokakara phira sUkSma manoyoga, sUkSma vacanayoga aura anta meM sUkSma kAyayoga kA nirodha karate haiN| isa prakAra sthUla aura sUkSma mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM ke nirodha kA krama nizcita hai | 396 dhyAnadIpikA meM isI bAta kA samarthana karate hue kevalajJAniyoM ke mokSa jAne ke avasara para mana Adi yogoM ke nirodharUpa dhyAna kA anukrama batAyA hai| 397 saMkSepa meM, dhyAnaprApti kA krama do prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai 1. kevalajJAnI AtmA jaba mokSa pAne ke atinikaTa kAla meM antima zailezI - avasthA ke samaya yoga-nirodha karatA hai / 2. anyoM ko svasthAnusAra hotA hai / 398 - 172 7. dhyAtavya - dvAra vastutaH dharmadhyAna ke sandarbha meM bhI vivecita kie gae haiN| jisa dhyAna meM vastu yA padArtha ke yathArtha rUpa kA vicAra-vimarza athavA cintana-manana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dharmadhyAna hai aura dharmadhyAna ke dhyAne yogya pramukha viSaya dhyAtavya - dvAra ke cAra bheda mAne gae haiN| ye cAra bheda 396 manorodhA'diko dhyAna - pratipattikramo jine / _zeSeSu tu yathAyogaM samAdhAnaM prakIrttitam / / - adhyAtmasAra - 16/34. 397 dhyAnAnukrama uktaH kevalinAM citayogarodhAdi / bhavakAle tvitareSAM yathAsamAdhi ca vijJeyaH / / 398 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAnayoga, priyadarzanA, pR. 270. dhyAnadIpikAyAm, zloka - 119. For Personal & Private Use Only

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_173 cAra mAne gae haiN|399 dUsare zabdoM meM, dharmadhyAna ke jo cAra bheda haiM, vahI yahAM dhyAtavya-dvAra ke cAra bheda batAe haiM1. AjJAvicaya 2. apAcavicaya 3. vipAkavicaya 4. sNsthaanvicy| saMkSepa meM, jinAjJA kA cintana karanA AjJAvicaya hai| AjJAvicaya ke sandarbha meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki sunipuNa arthAt kuzalajanoM ko bhUtahita kA vicAra karanA caahie| dUsare yaha ki jinAjJA kA svarUpa samajhane ke lie durnaya kA parityAga karake sunaya-bhaMga-pramANa se jAnanA caahie| krodhAdi kaSAya aura rAga-dveSa Atma-kalyANa meM bAdhaka haiM- isa bAta kA cintana karanA apAyavicaya hai| karmaprakRtiyoM ke vipAka kA cintana karanA vipAkavicaya hai| loka ke svarUpa aura usameM jIva ke paribhramaNa kA cintana karanA saMsthAnavicaya-dhyAna hai| __ isa prakAra, dhyAtavya-dvAra meM mukhya rUpa se dharmadhyAna ke uparyukta cAroM prakAroM kA hI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne vistAra se ullekha kiyA hai aura usakI TIkA meM AcArya haribhadra ne usako vistAra se vivecita kiyA hai| yaha dhyAtavya-dvAra mUla grantha kI gAthA kramAMka paiMtAlIsa se bAsaTha taka dasa gAthAoM meM carcita hai|400 8. dhAtR-dvAra - dhAtR-dvAra ke antargata mUla granthakAra kahate haiM ki sarvapramAdoM se rahita kSINamoha aura upazAntamoha sAdhaka dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA mAne gae haiN|401 isa prakAra jinabhadragaNi ke anusAra sAtaveM guNasthAna se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna ke bIca dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA mAne ge| yahAM yaha jJAtavya hai ki dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA ko lekara zvetAmbara aura digambara -paramparAoM meM matabheda haiN| digambara-paramparA cauthe guNasthAna se dharmadhyAna kI sambhAvanA 399 tatrAnapetaM yad dharmAttaddhyAnaM dhrmymissyte| dharmo'hi vastu-yAthAtmyamutpAdAdi prayAtmakam / / - zrIjinasenAcAryakRta mahApurANa, parva- 21, zloka- 133. 400 suniuNamaNAiNihaNaM ........... smysbbhaavN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 45-62. 1 savvappamAyarahiyA muNao khINovasaMtamohA y| jhAyAro nANadhaNA dhammajjhANassa nidditttthaa|| - dhyAnazataka- 63. For Personal & Private Use Only

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ko svIkAra karatI hai, jabaki zvetAmbara - paramparA meM sAtaveM guNasthAna se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka kI AtmAoM ko dharmadhyAna kA sAdhaka mAnA jAtA hai / zukladhyAna ke dhyAtA ke sambandha meM jinabhadragaNi ne nimna yogyatAoM kA varNana kiyA hai, jaise- jo pUrva kA dhyAtA ho, suprazasta saMhanana vAlA ho tathA sayogI, ayogI kevalI ho, vaha zukladhyAna kA dhyAtA mAnA jAtA hai| isameM yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ArttadhyAna ke dhyAtA prathama guNasthAna se chaThaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIva ho sakate haiN| isa sambandha meM yaha vizeSatA samajhanA cAhie ki raudradhyAna kA dhyAtA prathama mithyAdRSTi - guNasthAna meM hotA hai| isa prakAra, raudradhyAna ke dhyAtA mithyAdRSTi prathama guNasthAnavartI jIva hote haiN| ArttadhyAna ke dhyAtA prathama guNasthAna se lekara chaThaveM guNasthAnavartI jIva hote haiM / dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA sAtaveM guNasthAna se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hote haiM, kSapaka-zreNI meM pUrvadhara mahAtmA ko nauvAM, dasavAM, bArahavAM guNasthAna bhI ho sakatA hai aura zukladhyAna ke dhyAtA terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM pAe jAte haiM / * yogazAstra'02, adhyAtmasAra 103, jJAnasAra 104, dhyAnadIpikA 105, Adi granthoM meM dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA kA ullekha milatA hai ki parISaha aura upasarga Ane para bhI jo sumeru parvata kI taraha niSkampa rahatA hai, jo zAnta, dAnta muni AtmaramaNatA meM sthita rahatA hai, jo Asaktirahita, dRr3ha saMhanana vAlA, niSparigrahI, jJAnavairAgya Adi bhAvanAoM se otaprota jitendriya, dhairyayukta, prasannacitta vAlA, pramAda - rahita hai aura sadA jJAnAnandarUpI amRtAsvAdana karane vAlA hai, vaha prabuddha dhyAtA dhyAna karane yogya hotA hai / 9. anuprekSA-dvAra hai ki jisa muni kA citta pahale se hI dharmadhyAna se hone para bhI nitya, anityAdi bhAvanAoM ke cintana meM 402 sumeruriva niSkampaH 403 manasazcendriyANAM ca jayAdyo 404 jitendriyasya dhIrasya 405 jJAnavairAgyasampannaH saMvRtAtmA 406 jhANovarame'vi muNI NiccamaNiccAiciMtaNAparamo / hoi subhAviyacito dhammajjhANeNa jo puvviM / / - dhyAnazataka ke anuprekSA -dvAra ke antargata kahA gayA subhAvita hai, vaha dhyAna se uparata saMlagna rahatA hai| 406 sudhIrdhyAtA prazasyate / / yogazAstra - 7/7. saiva sAdhakayogyatA / / - adhyAtmasAra - 16/62-3-8. sadevamanuje'pihi / / - jJAnasAra- 30/6-8. syAt zuddhamAnasaH / / dhyAnadIpikA- 130-133. 174 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 65. For Personal & Private Use Only

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175 Agama meM bhAvanA ko kahIM-kahIM anuprekSA bhI kahate haiN|407 vahAM 'aNuppehA' zabda AdhyAtmika-cintana evaM pragati ke lie hI prayukta huA hai| isa zabda ke aneka artha hote haiN|108 Atmacintana, mana kI ekAgratA ke lie kisI eka viSaya para kendrita honAyahI dhyAna kI sthiti hai| AtmA kA AtmA meM ramaNa karanA hI bhAvanA hai| svAmI kArtikeyAnuprekSATIkA meM spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA hai ki bhavyAtmAoM ko isase ananta sukha kI prApti hotI hai, isalie bhAvanA ko Ananda kI jananI kahA gayA hai|409 AcArya mahAprajJa ne kahA hai- anuprekSA ke sabhI prayoga cintana para AdhArita haiN| anuprekSA kA prayoga prekSA kA mahattvapUrNa prayoga hai|410 ___ dhyAnazataka meM dharmadhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAeM batAI gaI haiM1. ekatvAnuprekSA 2. anityAnuprekSA 3. azaraNAnuprekSA 4. sNsaaraanuprekssaa| ekatvAnuprekSA - ekatva kA artha ekatA va akelApana hai| sAdhaka dhyAna kI gaharAI meM saMyoga meM viyoga kA anubhava kara akelepana kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai| isa prakAra, bheda-vijJAna karake apane svarUpa meM sthita ho avinAzI se ekatA kA anubhava karanA ekatvAnuprekSA hai| yahI AcArAMgasUtra meM kathita dhruvacArI banane kI sAdhanA hai|411 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, jIva ke dvArA sadA akele saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karanA aura sukha-duHkha bhogane kA cintana karanA ekatvAnuprekSA hai|12 dhyAnadIpikA meM kahA gayA hai ki jIva zubhAzubha karmoM ke phala aura aneka janma-maraNa kA phala akelA hI bhogatA hai| vaha putra, mitra, patnI aura kuTumbajanoM ke 407 (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra (AtmA. ma.) - 4/1/12. (kha) tattvArthasUtra- 9/7. (ga) kundakundabhAratI 'bArasaNupekkhA' 408 (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 29/22. (kha) svAmI kArtikeyAnuprekSATIkA, pR. 01. 409 anuprekSAH bhavyajanAnanda jnniiH| - svAmI kArtikeyAnuprekSATIkA, pR. 01. 410 amUrttacintana pustaka se uddhRta, yuvAcArya mahAprajJa. 411 AcArAMgasUtra. 412 (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra, madhukaramuni, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 68, pR. 224. (kha) bhagavatIsUtra- 803. (ga) aupapAtikasUtra- 20. For Personal & Private Use Only

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176 nimitta se duSkarma karatA hai, lekina mAtra akelA hI narakAdi durgati meM jAkara phala bhogatA hai| zAntasudhArasa ke praNetA upAdhyAya vinayavijayajI ne ekatvAnuprekSA kI mahattA kA aMkana karate hue kitanA sundara likhA hai eka utpadyate tanumAn eka eva vipdyte| eka eva hi karma cinute ekaikaH phala-maznute / / 14 __ arthAt, prANI akelA hI utpanna hotA hai, vaha akelA hI maraNa ko prApta hotA hai, vaha akelA hI karmoM kA saMcaya karatA hai aura akelA hI unakA phala bhogatA hai| adhyAtmasAra ke anusAra 'ego me sAsao appA NANadaMsaNa-saMjuo' arthAt, jJAna-darzana se sampanna merI AtmA zAzvata hai, anya sabhI saMyoga asthAyI haiM- isa bhAvanA se Atma-pratIti dRr3ha hotI hai|115 jJAnArNava. yogazAstra, svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA. zAntasudhArasa19ina granthoM meM ekatvAnuprekSA ke sandarbha meM likhA hai ki prANI apane pUrvakRta karmAnusAra agale bhava ko prApta karatA hai| yaha jIva akelA hI janmatA hai, akelA hI maratA hai aura akelA hI garbha meM AtA hai, akelA hI bAla-yauvana-vRddhAvasthA ko prApta hotA hai, rogAdi se grasta hotA hai, zokamagna hotA hai aura vividha duHkhoM ko bhogatA huA cAra gatiyoM meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| vAstava meM AtmA ko uttama kSamAdi dasa dharma hI cAra gatiyoM ke duHkha se bacA sakate haiN| isa prakAra kA cintana ekatvAnuprekSA hai| nami rAjarSi ne ekatvabhAvanA kA cintana kiyA thaa|420 413 zubhAzubhAnAM jIvo'yaM kRtAnA ........... svjnaastdnte|| - dhyAnadIpikA- 22-23. 414 zAntasudhArasabhAvanA, ekatvabhAvanA, gItikA- 01, padya- 2, pR. 21. 415 adhyAtmasAra- 16/70. 416 mahAvyasanasaMkIrNeduHkha ......... durge bhavamarUsthaleM / / - jJAnArNava- 2/84. eka utpadyate jantureka - yogazAstra-4/68. 418 svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA- 38, 74-79. 419 eka eva bhagavAnayamAtmA ........ vyaakuliikrnnmevmmtvm|| - zAntasudhArasa, ekatva, pR. 222. 420 uttarAdhyayanasUtra, adhyAya- 01. For Personal & Private Use Only

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177 sArAMza yaha hai ki Aja kA mAnava bar3A digbhrAnta rahatA hai| vaha samajhatA hai ki vaha akelA nahIM hai, usake aneka sampanna, sabala, kuTumbIjana haiM, parantu yaha eka ajJAnajanita bhrAnti hai| anityAnuprekSA - saMsAra meM dRzyamAn va pratIyamAn koI bhI padArtha aisA nahIM hai, jo nitya ho, arthAt saba anitya haiM, vinAzI haiN| sukha-duHkha, paristhiti, avasthA, tana, mana, dhana, svajana, parijana, mitra, bhUmi, bhavana Adi saba anitya haiM, arthAt padArthoM kI anityatA kA pratyakSa anubhava kara samabhAva meM avasthita rahanA, na rAgAtmaka athavA na dveSAtmaka pratikriyA karanA hI anityAnuprekSA hai|421 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, sAMsArika-vastuoM kI anityatA kA cintana hI anitya-anuprekSA hai|422 dhyAnadIpikA meM kahA gayA hai ki dhana kA sukha, zarIra kA sukha Adi saMsAra ke samasta sambandha vinazvara haiM, yahAM taka ki deva aura manuSyendra (cakravartI) kA aizvarya, yauvana Adi bhI anitya haiN|423 adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai ki indriyoM ke viSaya, dhana, yauvana aura yaha zarIra Adi sabhI anitya haiN|424 prazamaratiprakaraNa25. zAntasudhArasa25. jJAnArNava 27, svAmIkAttikeyAnuprekSA29, adhyAtmatattvAloka29, tilokakAvyasaMgraha 30 Adi granthoM 421 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 65. 422 sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/1/68, munimadhukara, pR. 224. 423 sarvebhava saMbaMdhA vinazvarA vibhavadehasukhamukhyAH / amaranarendraizvaryaM yauvanamapi jiivitmnitym|| akSArthAH puNyarUpA .................... bhaavnaamitynityaa|| - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 14-16. 424 adhyAtmasAra- 16/70. 425 iSTajanasaMprayogaddhiviSayasukhasampadastathArogyam / dehazca yauvanaM jIvitazca srvaannynityaani|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 151. 426 vapurivapuridaM vidabhralIlAparicitamapyatibhaguraM narANAm / tadatibhidurayauvanAvinItaM bhavati kathaM viduSAM mahodayAya / / - zAntasudhArasa, anitya - 7, pR. 79. 427 hRSIkAryasamutpanne pratikSaNavinazvare ....... || - jJAnArNava- 2/8-47. 428 jaM kiMcivi uppaNNaM tassa ......... || - svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA- 4, 7, 8, 9, 21, 22. For Personal & Private Use Only

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178 meM anityAnuprekSA kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA gayA hai ki saMsAra meM utpanna sabhI vastueM paryAyarUpa se nAzavAn haiM, anitya haiN| bharata cakravartI ne prastuta anuprekSA kA cintana kiyA, to kevalajJAna prApta kara liyA, ataH ekamAtra AtmA hI siddha, buddha, niraMjana evaM anantAnandamaya hai aura saMsAra ke samasta para-padArtha anitya haiM- aisA cintana-manana karanA hI anityAnuprekSA hai| saMkSepa meM samajhanA hai ki sAMsArika para-padArtha nazvara haiM, anitya haiN| ye bhautika-sAmagriyAM pathabhraSTa banA detI haiM, ataH anityAnuprekSA kA cintana-manana sAMsArika-padArthoM meM vidyamAna Asakti ko dUra karatI hai| azaraNAnuprekSA - isa anuprekSA meM sAdhaka antarjagat meM zarIra aura saMvedanAoM kI anityatA kA anubhava karatA hai| dhyAnamagna sAdhaka dekhatA hai, anubhava karatA hai ki tana pratikSaNa badala rahA hai| saMsAra svArthamaya hai, koI zaraNabhUta nahIM hai- aisI anubhUti ke stara para bodha kara anitya padArthoM ke Azraya kA tyAga kara denA , avinAzI svarUpa meM sthita ho jAnA azaraNAnuprekSA hai|431 - sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, jIva ke lie dhana, parivAra Adi zaraNabhUta nahIM haiaisA cintana karanA azaraNAnuprekSA hai|432 dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki ihaloka evaM paraloka meM deva, manuSya, indra, vidyAdhara, kinnara- koI bhI kisI kA trANadAtA nahIM hai, arthAt zaraNabhUta nahIM hai| lAkha kozizoM ke bAvajUda bhI koI kisI kA rakSaNa nahIM kara sakatA hai- aisA cintana azaraNAnuprekSA hai|433 429 adhyAtmatatvAloka- 5/26-27. 430 tilokakAvyasaMgraha, pR. 83. 431 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 65. sthAnAMgasUtra-4/1/68. 33 na trANaM naM hi zaraNaM suranaraharikhecarakinnarAdInAm / yamapAzapAzitAnAM paralokagacchatAM niyatam / / ............. cintyet|| -dhyAnadIpikA- 17-19. For Personal & Private Use Only

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179 sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, uttarAdhyayanasUtra. prazamaratiprakaraNa 36. zAntasudhArasa37, jJAnArNava 38, svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA39 evaM yogazAstra'""- ina granthoM meM ullekha hai ki janma, jarA, maraNa, Adhi, vyAdhi, upAdhi se pIr3ita prANiyoM kA isa saMsAra meM koI zaraNabhUta nahIM hai| dhana, parivAra, mAtA, pitA, putra, putrI, patnI Adi koI mRtyu se bacA nahIM skte| AtmA kA yadi koI rakSaka, tAraka, pAlaka zaraNarUpa hai, to mAtra dharma hai| dharma kI zaraNa hI yathArtha zaraNa hai, bAkI saba mithyA haiM- isa prakAra AtmA kI azaraNabhUtatA kA cintana karanA hI azaraNAnuprekSA hai| satya yaha hai ki saMsAra meM prANI ke lie koI bhI zaraNabhUta nahIM hai| vaha nitAnta azaraNa, asahAya aura asurakSita hai| azaraNAnuprekSA sAdhaka ko dharmadhyAna meM abhirata karatI hai| saMsArAnuprekSA - dhyAnazataka meM saMsArAnuprekSA ke sandarbha meM kahA gayA hai ki saMsAra asAra hai, saMsAra meM kSaNa bhara ke lie bhI, lezamAtra bhI sukha nahIM hai|41 saMsAra duHkharUpa hai, duHkha pariNAma vAlA hai aura duHkha kI paramparA ko bar3hAne vAlA hai|142 ___ yaha saMsAra manuSya, nAraka, deva, tiryaMca-rUpa cAra gatiyoM se yukta hai| karmoM kI gati vicitra hai aura karmoM ke anusAra ve utpanna hote haiM tathA paribhramaNa karake mRtyu ko prApta hote haiN| yaha cakra anAdikAla se calA A rahA hai| yaha bhavacakra bar3A viSama evaM durgama hai| saMsArAnuprekSA saMsAra ke svarUpa kA bodha karAtI huI Atma svarUpontamukha banane kI preraNA pradAna karatI hai| sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, caturgatirUpa saMsAra kI dazA kA cintana karanA hI saMsArAnuprekSA hai|443 434 sUtrakRtAMgasUtra- 2/1/13. 435 uttarAdhyayana- 13/22. 436 janmajarAmaraNabhayairabhidrute vyaadhivednaagrste| jinavaravacanAdanyatra nAsti zaraNaM kvcilloke|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa- 152. 437 ye SaTkhaNDamahImahInatarasA .............. || - zAntasudhArasa, pR. 133. 438 na sa ko'pyasti durbudhe zarIrI bhuvanatraye ......... || - jJAnArNava- 2/48. 439 tattha bhave kiM saraNaM jattha ........ || - svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA-24, 25, 27, 29, 30. 440 yatprAtastanna madhyAhna ......... / / - yogazAstra- 4/57. dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 65. 42 dukkharUve dukkhaphale dukkhaannubndhe| - paMcasUtra- 1/2. For Personal & Private Use Only

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___180 aupapAtikasUtra4 aura bhagavatIsUtra15 meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| adhyAtmasAra meM kahA gayA hai- 'yaha caturgatika saMsAra duHkha se bharA huA hai| sampUrNa saMsAra ke sabhI prANI duHkhI haiN| jahAM spRhA hai, cAha hai, vahIM duHkha hai| devoM ke sukha kI bhI antima pariNati duHkha hI hai| isa prakAra, manuSya, pazu, narakAdi ke duHkhoM kA cintana karanA saMsArAnuprekSA hai| 446 AcArAMgavRtti. sUyagaDAMgasUtra. uttarAdhyayanasUtra49. AvazyakacUrNi450. tattvArthasUtra, tattvArthAbhigamabhASya'52. sarvArthasiddhi 53, prazamaratiprakaraNa 54, yogazAstra. zAntasudhArasa456. jJAnArNava'57. svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA 58, dhyAnadIpikA 59, dhyAnavicArasavivecana Adi granthoM ke anusAra caturvidha gati ke paribhramaNa karAne vAle janma-maraNarUpa cakra ko hI saMsAra kahate haiN| tiryaca-gati meM bhUkha, pyAsa, tAr3anA, tarjanA Adi kaSToM ko evaM narakagati meM kSetragata va paramAdhAmI devoM se pragata aura parasparakRta vedanAoM ko sahana karanA par3atA hai|461 manuSyagati meM janma, 443 dhammassaNaM jhANassa ..... sNsaaraannuppho|| - sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/1/68, madhukaramuni, pR. 224. 444 aupapAtikasUtra-20. 445 bhagavatIsUtra- 803. 446 anityatvAdyanuprekSA, dhyAnasyoparame'pi hi| bhAvayennityamabhrAntaH, prANA dhyAnasya tAH khalu / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/70. AcArAMgavRtti (zIlAMkAcArya) - 2/1/185-86. sUyagaDAMgasUtra (zIlAMkAcArya, javAharamalajI ma.)- 5/1/68-69. uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 19/15, 31- 72. imAo puNa se cattAri ...... saMsArANuppehaM / / - AvazyakacUrNi. tattvArthasUtra- 3/3-4. 452 tattvArthAdhigamabhASya- 3/3-4.. 453 sarvArthasiddhi- 3/5. 454 mAtA bhUtvA duhitA ........... zatru tAM caiv|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa- 156. zrotriyaH zvapacaH svAmipatirbrahmA ........ || - yogazAstra-4/65. 456 ito lobhaH kSobhaM janayati ..... || - zAntasudhArasa- 7, pR. 174. 457 caturgatimahAvarteduHkhavA'vadIpite ....... || - jJAnArNava- 2/67. 458 ekkaM cayadi zarIraM aNNaM ....... / / - svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA- 32, 66,68,69. 459 saMsAraduHkhajaladho .......... sNsaarsyetibhaavnaaH|| - dhyAnadIpikA- 3/20-21. 460 dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR. 34. 461 prsprodiiritHduHkhaa| - tattvArthasUtra- 3/4. For Personal & Private Use Only

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181 vRddhAvasthA, mRtyu kI vedanA se tar3apanA par3atA hai|462 devagati meM bhautika-sAmagrI Adi ke kAraNa jhagar3A hotA rahatA hai| jIva saMsArarUpI durgama vana meM dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva se grasita paMca saMsAra meM mithyAtva ke tIvrodaya se duHkhita hokara paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| suI kI noka jitanI jagaha bhI lokAkAza kI zeSa nahIM rahI, jahAM jIvAtmA ne janma na liyA ho| jo cAra gatirUpa saMsAra meM yaha jIvaM paravazatAvaza paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai, usakA cintana karanA saMsArAnuprekSA hai| saMkSepa meM yahI samajhanA hai ki jaina dArzanikoM ne dharmadhyAna ke vibhinna dvAroM kI carcA karate hue kahA hai ki prastuta grantha meM anuprekSAdvAra yA bhAvanAdvAra ko sabase mahatvapUrNa mAnA hai, kyoMki kaSAya yA vikAroM ke nisarana ke lie unakI nirarthakatA ko samajhanA Avazyaka hotA hai aura isa nirarthakatA kA bodha anuprekSA, arthAt cintana ke dvArA hotA hai| kaSAyoM yA rAgadveSa kI jo gAThe baMdhI haiM, unako DhIlA karane ke lie anuprekSA Avazyaka hai| cintana ke mAdhyama se kaluSabhAva yA rAgadveSa kI pravRttiyAM samApta hotI haiN| hamArI cittavRttiyoM kA paryAlocana yA anucintana Avazyaka hai| jainasAdhanA ke anusAra, rAgadveSa aura moha hI saMsAra-vRddhi kA mUla kAraNa haiN| inake mAdhyama se saMkliSTa bhAva utpanna hote haiM, jo hamArI Atmika-zAnti ko bhaMga karate haiN| rAgAdi bhAva ke kAraNa hI yaha jIva saMsAra se jur3A huA hai| ina rAgAdika bhAvoM ko samApta karane ke lie hI anucintana yA bhAvanA Avazyaka hai|463 AcArya jinabhadragaNi ne Artta-raudradhyAna se vimukta hone ke lie aura dharmadhyAna meM cittavRtti ko sthairya pradAna karane ke lie bhAvanAoM yA anuprekSAoM ko Avazyaka mAnA hai, kyoMki bhAvanA yA anuprekSA ke mAdhyama se jaba vyakti ko anityatA arthAt saMyogoM ke viyoga kI azaraNatA, ekAgratA Adi kA bodha hotA hai, to usakA 'para' se jur3Ava samApta ho jAtA hai aura usake phalasvarUpa vyakti kA dharmadhyAna se zukladhyAna kI ora adhigamana hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jinabhadragaNi ne dharmadhyAna kI sAdhanA ke lie sarvaprathama bhAvanAoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki bhAvanA ke satata abhyAsa se 462 uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 14/4. 463 jhANassa bhAvaNAo........... || - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 28. For Personal & Private Use Only

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182 cittavRtti kI vikalpatA zAnta hone lagatI hai aura rAgabhAva samApta hokara Atmavizuddhi hotI jAtI hai| bhAvanA ke mAdhyama se nae karmoM kA Agamana rukatA hai aura purAne karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai tathA vyakti kA citta saMkliSTa nahIM rahatA hai, usameM vairAgyabhAva kA vikAsa hotA hai| jo hamAre rAga ke viSaya haiM, hama unakI viyogazIlatA, anityatA aura azaraNatA ko samajhate haiM, to unake prati hamArA rAgabhAva kramazaH kama hotA jAtA hai aura rAgabhAva ke kama hote hI vyakti Atmavizuddhi kI ora bar3hatA hai, isalie dhyAnasAdhanA ke kSetra meM bhAvanAdvAra atyanta mahatvapUrNa mAnA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki na kevala dhyAnazataka meM, apitu maraNasamAdhi Adi granthoM meM bhI bhAvanAoM kA ullekha huA hai| AcArAMga meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha mAnA gayA hai ki pAMca mahAvratoM kA pAlana paccIsa bhAvanAoM ke mAdhyama se hI sambhava hai aura isIlie usake antima adhyAya meM pAMca mahAvratoM kI paccIsa bhAvanAoM kA vistRta varNana hai| isI prakAra, digambara-paramparA meM bhI AcArya kundakunda kA bArassAnuvekkhA tathA svAmIkArtikeya kI kArtikeyAnuprekSA nAmaka grantha bhAvanA kI sAdhanA ke lie mahatvapUrNa mAne gae haiN| 10. lezyA-dvAra - lezyA do prakAra kI hotI haiM __ 1. prazasta (zubha) aura 2. aprazasta (azubha) / pUrvavartI kRSNa, nIla, kApota- ye tIna lezyAeM aprazasta kahalAtI haiM, parantu dhyAnasAdhanA meM to paravartI pIta, padma aura zukla- ye tIna prazasta lezyAeM hI hotI haiN| dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA ko kramazaH uttarottara vizuddhi ko prApta hone vAlI pIta, padma aura zukla- ye tIna prazasta lezyAeM hI hotI haiM, jo tIvra, maMda aura madhya prakAroM se yukta hotI haiN|464 464 hoMti kamavisuddhAo lesAo piiy-pmm-sukkaao| dhammajjhANovagayasya tivv-mNdaaibheyaao|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 66. For Personal & Private Use Only

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11. liMga - dvAra dhyAnazataka grantha kI gAthA kramAMka sar3asaTha evaM ar3asaTha ke antargata dharmadhyAna ke sandarbha meM liMgadvAra kI carcA kI gaI hai| isameM batAyA gayA hai ki Agama kI AjJA ke anusAra varttana karane vAlA tathA tIrthakaroM dvArA kathita dravyAdi padArthoM ke svarUpa ko jAnane vAlA, zraddhAvAn sAdhaka hI dharmadhyAna kA adhikArI hotA hai / dharmadhyAna kA sAdhaka sadaiva sAdhujanoM kI prazaMsA meM rata rahatA hai, unakA guNa-kIrttana karatA hai, unake prati vinayabhAva, dAna dene ke bhAva rakhatA hai / - ina sabase phalita hotA hai ki dharmadhyAna ko dhyAne vAle vyakti meM sadguNoM kA 'saMcAra hotA hai, ataH yaha to siddha hai ki dharmadhyAna kI avasthA taka zIla, sadAcAra, saMyama Adi kI vRtti rahatI hai / 465 zukladhyAna kA svarUpa jainadharma vizuddha rUpa se AdhyAtmika-dharma hai| usakA prAraMbha biMdu hai- AtmA kA saMjJAna aura usakA caramabindu hai - Atmopalabdhi, arthAt AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra / 465 - sAmAnyataH, zukla kA artha 'dhavala' se liyA jAtA hai, kintu jaina-granthoM meM zukla kA artha 'vizad', arthAt nirmala se liyA gayA hai| zukladhyAna dhyAna kI vaha avasthA hai, jisameM sAdhaka apane lakSya kI pUrNatA ko prApta karatA hai, kyoMki isa dhyAna meM mana kI ekAgratA ke kAraNa AtmA parama vizuddhatA ko prApta hotI hai aura kaSAya, rAga Adi bhAvoM, athavA karmoM kA sarvathA pariSkAra ho jAtA hai| sAmAnya rUpa se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki AtmA kI atyanta vizuddha - avasthA ko zukladhyAna kahate haiM / Agama-uvaesA''NA - Nisaggao jaM jiNappaNIyANaM / bhAvANaM saddahaNaM dhammajjhANassa taM liMgaM / / jiNasAhuguNukkittaNa- pasaMsaNA - viNaya - dANasaMpaNNo / sua-sIla jhaMjamarao dhammajjhANI muNeyavvo / / vahI 183 - T-67-68. For Personal & Private Use Only

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184 sthAnAMgasUtra ke antargata kahA hai ki karmakSaya ke kAraNabhUta zuddhopayoga meM lIna rahanA zukladhyAna kahalAtA hai|466 samavAyAMga ke anusAra- mana kI Atyantika-sthiratA, arthAt jaba ekAgratA sarva zubha-azubha bhAvoM se nivRtta hokara ekamAtra zuddha caitanyasvarUpa meM sthira hotI hai, taba zukladhyAna hotA hai|467 dhavalATIkA meM likhA hai ki kaSAyamala kA abhAva honA hI zukladhyAna hai|468 jJAnArNava meM likhA hai ki jo niSkriya hai, indriyAtIta hai aura dhyAna kI dhAraNA se rahita hai- vaha zukladhyAna hai|169 mUlAcAra meM bhI spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai ki jo AtmA ke vizuddha svarUpa ke sAtha saMpRkta hai, vaha zukladhyAna hai|470 AgamasAra meM kahA hai ki nirmala-vizuddha vicAra zukladhyAna hai| jisa prakAra maila ke dhula jAne para vastra sApha ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra durguNarahita nirmala guNoM se yukta AtmA kI pariNati hI zukladhyAna hai|472 yaha bhI satya hai ki dharmadhyAna meM pUrNatA prApta apramatta saMyamI hI zukladhyAna karane meM samartha ho sakatA hai, kyoMki jaba taka pahalI sIr3hI (dharmadhyAna) nahIM car3hegA, taba taka dUsarI kaise car3ha pAegA ?473 yaha dhyAna Atmasiddhi kA antima sopAna hai| jo dhyAna sampUrNa karmAgni (kaSAyAgni) ko bujhA detA hai tathA samagra karmadalikoM ko samApta kara detA hai, vaha dhyAna 466 sthAnAMgasatra-4/1/69. 467 (ka) niSkriya karaNAtItaM dhyAna dhyeyvivrjitm| . ___ antarmukhaM tu yaddhyAnaM, tacchuklaM yogino viduH|| - niyamasAra (TIkA), pR. 169. (kha) samavAyAMgasUtra-4/20. 468 SaTkhaNDAgama, dhavalATIkA, pustaka- 13, pR. 73. 469 niSkriya karaNAtItaM dhyAnadhAraNavarjitam / antarmukhaM ca yaccittaM tacchuklamiti ptthyte|| - jJAnArNava- 39/4.2 470 mUlAcAra- 5.207-208, pR. 261-262. 471 AgamasAra, pR. 174. 472 yathA maladravyApAyAt zuciguNayogAcchuklaM vastraM tathA tadguNasAdhAdAtmapariNAmasvarUpamapi zuklamiti niruucyte|| - rAjavArttika -9/28/4/627. 473 iccevamadikkato dhammajjhANaM jadA havai khvo| sukkajjhANaM jhAyadi tatto suvisuddhlessaao|| - bhagavatIArAdhanA- 1871. For Personal & Private Use Only

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185 zukladhyAna hai| isake dvArA sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya hone para AtmA apane nijasvarUpa meM ramaNa karatI huI anaMtAnanda, paramAnanda yA paramasukha pho upalabdha kara letI hai| zukladhyAna ke lakSaNa - dhyAnazataka grantha ke antargata granthakAra AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne zukladhyAnopagata citta ( jisakA citta zukladhyAna meM niruddha ho gayA hai) vAle dhIra zramaNa kI pahacAna athavA lakSaNa batAe haiM, jo nimnAMkita haiM avahA-saMmohA-vivega-viussaggA tassa hoMti liNgaaii| liMgijjai jehiM muNi sukkajjhANovagaya citto||74 1. avadha-lakSaNa 2. asammoha-lakSaNa 3. viveka-lakSaNa aura 4. vyutsrg-lkssnn| inase muni ke citta kA zukladhyAna meM saMlagna honA sUcita hotA hai| dhyAnazataka ke samAna hI anya granthoM meM zukladhyAna ke lakSaNoM kA varNana milatA hai| ve nimnAMkita sthAnAMgasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra, aupapAtikasUtra". AvazyakacUrNikA adhyAtmasAra, dhyAnavicAra 80, dhyAnakalpatarU811 aba eka-eka lakSaNa (liMga) kI vyAkhyA kreNge| 474 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 90. 475 cattAri jhANA paNNatA sukkassaNaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paNNatA taMjahA-avvahe, asammohe, vivege, viussgge|| - sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 70. 476 bhagavatIsUtra- 802. 477 aupapAtikasUtra- 20.. 478 lakkhaNANi vi cattAri-vivege ................. atthe na sNmujjhtitti| - AvazyakacUrNi. 479 liGagaM nirmalayogasya shkldhyaanvto'vdhH| __ asammoho vivekazca vyutsargazcAbhidhIyate / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/83. 480 dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR. 35. " dhyAnakalpatarU, dvitIya pratizAkhA, pR. 364. 482 (ka) kSutpipAsAzItoSNadaMzamazakanAgnyAratistrIcaryAniSadhAzayyAkrozavadhayAcanA'lAbharogatRNa sprshmlstkaarpurskaarprjnyaajnyaanaadrshnaani|| - tattvArthasUtra- 9/9. For Personal & Private Use Only

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_186 1. avadha-lakSaNa - dhyAnazataka ke granthakartA zukladhyAna ke prathama liGga kA nirdeza karate hue kahate haiM ki bAIsa parISaha82 aura upasargoM se vicalita aura bhayabhIta na honA, arthAt anukUla yA pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM calAyamAn na honA hI avadha-lakSaNa hai|483 jaisA ki kahA gayA hai- zukladhyAna kA sAdhaka mAnava, deva, tiryaMca-kRta upasargoM aura sabhI prakAra ke parISahoM ko samabhAva se sahane meM sakSama hotA hai|184 vizva kI koI bhI zakti use dhyAna kI cirasthiratA se vicalita nahIM kara sakatI aura na hI vaha kabhI vyathita ho sakatA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai, upasargAdi se pIr3ita hone para hI kSobhita nahIM honA- yaha zukladhyAnI kA prathama avadha-lakSaNa hai|485 __adhyAtmasAra meM kahA hai- zukladhyAnI meM avadha nAmaka prathama liMga hotA hai| avadha kA artha hai- acalatA, arthAt calAyamAn nahIM honaa| zukladhyAna para ArUr3ha hue sAdhaka ko deha aura AtmA kI bhinnatA kA bhAna satata rahatA hai, isalie upasarga Ane para bhayabhIta yA zokAtura nahIM hotA hai, balki unheM samabhAva se sahana karatA hai|486 ____ dhyAnavicArasavivecana meM to kahA hai ki sAdhaka meM avadha lakSaNa hone para devAdikRta upasargoM meM bhI vyathA kA abhAva hotA hai|487 2. asammoha-lakSaNa - dhyAnazataka ke racayitA zukladhyAnI ke dUsare lakSaNa ko nirUpita karate hue kahate haiM ki atyanta gahana, sUkSmabhAva tathA devamAyA se sammohita nahIM honA, arthAt mohita na honA hI asammoha hai| yaha zukladhyAna kA dUsarA lakSaNa hai, jisakA abhiprAya hai- zukladhyAnI sammohita nahIM hotA hai| mUrchita honA, mamatva karanA, dUsaroM ke prabhAva se prabhAvita honA, dUsaroM ke nirdezoM meM Abaddha ho jAnA, Rddhi-siddhiyoM ke camatkAroM se camatkRta honA- ye sabhI sammoha ke hI rUpa haiN| (kha) uttarAdhyayana, dvitIya adhyayana (ga) samavAyAMgasUtra- 22/1. 483 cAlijjai bIhei va dhIro na priishovsggehi| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 91. 484 mArgA'cyavananirjarArtha parisoDhavyAH parISahAH - tattvArthasUtra- 9/8. 485 sthAnAMgasUtra, uddezaka- 4/1, sUtra- 70. 486 avadhAdupasargebhyaH kampate na bibheti vaa| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/84. 487 dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR. 35. For Personal & Private Use Only

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187 manovijJAna kA yaha niyama hai ki vahI vyakti sammohita hotA hai, jo vastu, vyakti Adi para-padArthoM ko mahattva detA hai, unheM mUlya pradAna karatA hai aura unheM sarvazaktisampanna mAnakara unase anugraha kI AkAMkSA rakhatA hai, parantu zukladhyAnI ina saba padArthoM se pRthaktva kA bodha va anubhava kara letA hai| sAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa prApta alaukika-labdhiyAM Adi ko bhI nissAra samajhatA hai, isIlie vaha ina sabase sammohita evaM prabhAvita nahIM hotA hai|488 . sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki devAdikRta mAyA se mohita nahIM honA, arthAt mohagrasta nahIM honA- yaha zukladhyAnI kA dvitIya asammoha' lakSaNa hai|489 adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai ki zukladhyAnI kA dUsarA liGga hai- asmmoh| asammoha kA artha hai- vyAmohita ho jAnA, ThagA jAnA, dhokhe meM rahanA Adi kA nahIM honaa| zukladhyAna ke prakaTa hone para dhyAtA ko kaI prakAra kI labdhiyAM, siddhiyAM bhI prApta hotI haiN| devI-devatA bhI use lalacAne ke lie, usakI parIkSA ke lie mAyAjAla racate haiM, parantu vaha usase vicalita nahIM hotA, AkarSita nahIM hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, asammoha ke kAraNa vaha lezamAtra bhI mAyA meM vyAmohita nahIM hotA hai|490 dhyAnavicAra meM likhA hai ki zukladhyAnI meM devAdikRta mAyAjAla, athavA saiddhAntika sUkSma padArtha-viSayaka sammoha-mUr3hatA kA abhAva hotA hai| yaha zukladhyAnI kA dUsarA asammoha nAma kA lakSaNa hai|491 3. viveka-lakSaNa - AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa apanI racanA 'dhyAnazataka' meM zukladhyAnI ke lakSaNoM kA varNana karate hue kahate haiM- mUr3hatA yA jar3atA na rahakara sajagatA meM rahanA hI viveka hai| jar3atA jar3a-padArthoM meM apanatva-bhAva se AtI hai| tana, dhana Adi jar3a-padArthoM se apanatva-bhAva haTakara pRthaktva-bhAva kA AvirbhAva hI viveka hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, nija AtmA ko zarIra tathA sabhI saMyogoM se bhinna mAnanA viveka nAmaka tRtIya lakSaNa hai|492 na devmaayaasu|| - dhyAnazataka-91. 489 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 70. 490 asaMmohAnna sUkSmArtha mAyAsvapi ca muhyti| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/84. 491 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 35. 492 dehavivittaM pecchai appANaM taha ya svvsNjoge|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 92. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai ki Adhi, vyAdhi tathA upAdhi ke mamatva ko tyAgakara pUrNa niHsaMga honA zukladhyAna kA viveka nAmaka tRtIya lakSaNa hai| 193 adhyAtmasAra meM yazovijayajI ne zukladhyAna ke tIsare 'vivake' liGga kI carcA karate hue kahA hai ki viveka, arthAt bheda - vijJAna kA puSTa honA, deha aura AtmA ko bhinna-bhinna dekhanA, anubhava karanA / jIva kA zarIra ke sAtha sarva-saMyoga hote hue bhI deha se bhinnatA kA vicAra viveka hai / jIva aura ajIva kA bhedajJAna - vahI viveka - lakSaNa hai 1994 dhyAnavicAra meM kahA gayA hai ki zukladhyAna meM rata sAdhaka ko viveka - lakSaNa sahaja hotA hai, arthAt deha se AtmA kI bhinnatA kA jJAna hotA hai| 495 4. vyutsarga- lakSaNa dhyAnazataka meM granthakAra ne zukladhyAnI ke cauthe vyutsarga- -lakSaNa kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki anAsakta hokara deha aura upAdhi kA sarvathA tyAga karanA vyutsarga hai| isameM sAdhaka meM bhogecchA aura yazecchA kiMcit mAtra bhI nahIM hotI hai| vaha nirantara vItarAgatA kI ora bar3hatA jAtA hai| 496 upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne prastuta grantha adhyAtmasAra meM zukladhyAnI ke cauthe liGga 'vyutsarga' kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki vyutsarga kA tAtparya hai- zukladhyAnI dvArA deha aura upadhi ke saMga kA nissaMkoca tyAga karanA / zarIra aura upadhi ke prati unakA aMzamAtra bhI rAga yA dveSa- - bhAva nahIM rahatA hai| ve dravya - upakaraNa, zarIrAdi tathA bhAva-kaSAya Adi se mukta rahate haiN| zukladhyAnI kA jaba taka AyuSya zeSa rahatA hai, taba taka deha rahatA hai, parantu deha ke prati usakA mamatvabhAva nahIM rahatA hai| isa prakAra avadha, asammoha, viveka aura vyutsarga- ina cAra lakSaNoM dvArA zukladhyAnI mahApuruSa ko pahacAnA jA sakatA hai | 497 493 494 495 dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR. 35. 496 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka - 1, sUtra - 70. dehopakaraNAsaMgo vyutsargAjjAyate muniH / - adhyAtmasAra - 16/85. dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR 35. 497 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka - 1, sUtra - 70. vivekAtsarvasaMyogAdabhinnamAtmAnamIkSate / 498 188 adhyAtmasAra - 16/85. For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAnavicAra 498 evaM dhyAnakalpatarU' ina donoM granthoM meM likhA hai ki niHsandeha deha evaM upadhi kA tyAga - yaha zukladhyAnI kA vyutsarga nAmaka lakSaNa kahA jAtA hai| sAdhanA kA mArga bar3A kaThina hai| sAdhaka jaba sva-para ke bheda - vijJAna ko sarvathA jAna letA hai, taba sva-para padArthoM ke prati usakI Asakti yA mamatva miTa jAtA hai| yahAM taka ki apanI deha ke lie upayogI vastuoM meM bhI citta kI vRtti, arthAt bhItara kI pariNati anAsaktimaya bana jAtI hai / zukladhyAna ke stara evaM bheda dharmadhyAna ke bAda kI sthiti zukladhyAna hai| yaha dhyAna Atma- - mukti kA mUla maMtra hai / zukladhyAna ke dvArA mana ko zAnta aura nirvikalpa kiyA jAtA hai| zArIrika - pIr3AoM meM bhI sthira huA citta leza mAtra bhI calAyamAna nahIM hotaa| isa dhyAna kI antima pariNati mana kI samasta pravRttiyoM kA pUrNa nirodha hai | 500 yaha cittavRtti kA nirodha aura mana ke amana ( zAnta) ho jAne kI sthiti hai / jainagranthoM meM zukladhyAna ke bhI cAra prakAra (bheda) dekhane ko milate haiM 501 1. pRthaktva - vitarka - savicAra 2. ekatva - vitarka - avicAra 3. sUkSmakriyA- apratipAtI 4. vyuparatakriyA - nivRtti / 499 499 dhyAnakalpatarU, caturtha zAkhA, patra - 1 - 4, pR. 364-371. 500 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 30. 501 (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra - 4/1/69, pR. 225. AcArya jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka' 1902 meM bhI zukladhyAna ke inhIM cAra prakAroM kA ullekha hai| vastutaH zukladhyAna ke ye cAra prakAra usake cAra stara haiM / (kha) samavAyAMga, sama. - 4. (ga) tattvArthasUtra - 9/41. (gha) bhagavatI ArAdhanA - 1872-73. harivaMzapurANa - 53 /53-54. (ca) SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga - 5, pR. 77. (cha) yogazAstra - 11/5. 189 - (ja) siddhAntasArasaMgraha - 11/51. 502 upAya- i - bhaMgAipajjayANaM jamegadavvaMmi / nANAnayANusaraNaM puvvagayasuyANusAreNaM / / saviyAramattha vaMjaNa - jogaMtarao tayaM paDhamasukkaM / hoi puhuttavitakkaM saviyAramarAgabhAvassa / / For Personal & Private Use Only

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190 1. pRthaktva-vitarka-savicAra - jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa zukladhyAna ke prathama prakAra (stara) kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhate haiM ki eka vastu meM utpAda, sthiti aura bhaMgAdi avasthAoM kA dravyArthika va paryAyArthika Adi aneka nayoM ke Azraya se jo pUrvagata zruta ke anusAra cintana hotA hai, vaha hI prathama zukladhyAna mAnA gayA hai| vaha arthAntara, vyaMjanAntara aura yogAntara kI apekSA se savicAra hai| pRthaktva-vitarka-savicAra nAma kA yaha prathama zukladhyAna rAgarahita vItarAga chadmastha ko hotA hai| yahAM pRthaktva kA artha haialaga-alaga karake yA vizleSaNapUrvaka aura vitarka-vicAra kA artha hai- yuktipUrvaka cintana krnaa| sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, jaba koI vajraRSabhanArAca saMhananavartI sAtaveM guNasthAna meM sthita apramatta-saMyata sAdhaka mohanIya-karma ke kSapaNa meM Age prayatnazIla hotA hai, taba vaha agrima kakSA apUrvakaraNa nAmaka AThaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai| pratisamaya ananta gunA vizuddhi ke dvArA zuddhopayogasvarUpa vItarAga pariNatirUpa zukladhyAna ke prathama caraNa kA prArambha ho jAtA hai- yaha pRthaktva-vitarka-vicAra zukladhyAna hai| vitarka, arthAt bhAvazruta ke AdhAra se dravya, guNa aura paryAya kA vicAra krnaa| vicAra kA artha hai- vyaMjanoM aura yogoM kA privrtn| jaba dhyAna meM sthita sAdhu eka padArtha yA paryAya kA cintana kara dUsare padArtha yA usakI paryAya kA cintana karane lagatA hai, taba usa pRthak-pRthak manana ko pRthaktva-vitarka-vicAra kahate haiN|503 . . tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki zukladhyAna kI prathama avasthA meM pRthaka-pRthaka rUpa se zruta para vicAra hotA hai, arthAt zruta ko AdhAra mAnakara eka dravya se utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya Adi paryAyoM kA cintana karanA pRthaktva-vitarka-savicAra dhyAna kahalAtA hai|504 - dhyAnazataka- 77-78. 503 sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/1/68. 504 tattvArthasUtra-9/41. For Personal & Private Use Only

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191 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA hai ki utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya se yukta aneka dravyoM evaM unakI paryAyoM kA Alambana lekara cintana karanA pRthaktva-vitarka-vicAra nAmaka zukladhyAna kA pahalA stara hai|505 harivaMzapurANa meM kahA hai- jisa padArtha kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha artha kahalAtA hai aura usakA pratipAdaka hotA hai- zabda yA vyNjn| mana, vacana Adi kI pravRttiyoM ko yoga kahate haiN| isa prakAra, vitarka kA artha yuktipUrvaka cintana karanA hai| pRthaktva-vitarka-savicAra zukladhyAna meM vicAra aura vicAra ke viSaya badalate rahate haiN|506 AdipurANa grantha ke zloka kramAMka eka sau unahattara se eka sau tirAsI taka zukladhyAna ke prathama bheda kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| prathama bheda kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki jisameM artha, vyaMjana aura yogoM (mAnasika-pravRttiyoM) kA pRthak-pRthak saMkramaNa hotA rahe, arthAt artha ko chor3akara vyaMjana kA aura vyaMjana ko chor3akara artha kA cintana hone lage, athavA mana, vacana aura kAya- ina tInoM yogoM kA parivartana hotA rahe, use pRthaktva-vitarka-vicAra kahate haiN|507 adhyAtmasAra ke anusAra, dravya se dravyAntara, guNa se guNAntara, paryAya se paryAyAntara meM citta kA saMkramaNa honA pRthaktva-vitarka-vicAra nAmaka prathama zukladhyAna hai|508 isake atirikta SaTkhaNDAgama, jJAnArNava dhyAnadIpikA", dhyAnakalpatarU512, dhyAnavicAra, siddhAntasArasaMgraha, dhyAnasta15. dhyAnasAra516 505 pRthaktvam-anekatvam tena saha gato vitarkaH, pRthaktvameva vA vitarkaH sahagataM vitarkapurogaM pRtha -ktvavitarkam tacca paramANujIvAdAvekadravye utpAdavyayadhrauvyAdiparyAyAnekatayA'pi tatvaM tat pRthaktvaM pRthaktvena pRthakve vA tasya cintanaM vitarka sahacaritaM savicAraM ca yat tat pathaktvavitarkasavicAraM ........... nirodho dhyaanmiti|| - tattvArthasiddhavattau-9/43-45-46. 506 pRthagbhAvaH pRthaktvaM hi naanaatvmbhidhiiyte| vitarko dvAdazAMgaM tu shrutjnyaanmnaavilN|| . arthavyaMjanayogAnAm vicAraHsaMkramaH kramAt / dhyeyo'rthoM vyaMjanaM zabdo yogo vAgAdilakSaNaH / / pRthaktvenavitarkasya vicAro'rthAdiSu kramAt / yasminnAsti tathoktaM tatprathamaM shuklmissyte|| - harivaMzapurApa -56/57-59. 507 ityAdyasya bhidesyAtAmanvarthA ...... dhyAnamAmanantimanISiNaH / / - AdipurANa- 21/169-183. 508 savitarka savicAraM sapRthaktvaM ....... kssobhaa'bhaavdshaanibhm|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/74-76. 50 SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga-5, dhavalATIkA, gAthA- 58-60, pR. 78. jJAnArNava- 42/9, 13, 15. For Personal & Private Use Only

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tathA AgamasAra""" ityAdi granthoM meM bhI zukladhyAna ke prathama bheda pRthaktva - vitarka-vicAra kA ullekha milatA hai / 2. ekatva - vitarka - avicAra dhyAnazataka meM zukladhyAna ke dvitIya prakAra kA varNana karate hue jinabhadragaNi kahate haiM ki vAyurahita pradeza meM rakhe hue niSkampa lau vAle dIpaka ke samAna jo citta utpAda, sthiti aura laya meM se kisI eka paryAya meM sthira ho niSkampa hotA hai, jo avicAra hokara pUrvagata zruta kA Azraya lene vAlA hotA hai, vaha artha, vyaMjana aura yoga ke vicAra se rahita hone ke kAraNa ekatva - vitarka - avicAra nAmaka dvitIya zukladhyAna hai| isake antargata dhyeya ke artha - vyaMjana - yoga kA bheda nahIM rahatA hai |518 sthAnAMgasUtravRtti ke anusAra, bArahaveM guNasthAnavartI kSINamoha kSapaka-sAdhaka kI cittavRtti isa sImA taka sthira yA nizcala bana jAtI hai ki vahAM dravya, guNa athavA paryAya ke cintana meM parivartana nahIM AtA hai, balki vyakti kisI eka paryAya para sUkSmatA se yA gambhIra rUpa se cintana meM nimagna ho jAtA hai- yaha zukladhyAna kI dUsarI sIr3hI hai| isameM sAdhaka jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya - karma kI sampUrNa prakRtiyoM ko nAza kara ananta - jJAna, ananta - darzana, anantavIrya aura ananta - sukha kA dhAraka sayogI jina banakara terahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza pA jAtA hai| 519 tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra- 'kisI eka paryAya para cittavRtti niSkampa dIpazikhA ke samAna sthira ho jAtI hai, ataH mana nizcala aura zAnta bana jAtA hai| isake pariNAmasvarUpa, karmoM ke AvaraNa zIghra hI dUra hokara vItarAga - dazA prakaTa hotI hai| eka 511 savitarka savicAraM pRthaktvaM ca prakIrtitam / / 512 dhyAnakalpatarU, caturtha zAkhA, prathama patra, pR. 358. 513 dhyAnavicArasavivecana, pR. 358. 514 siddhAntasArasaMgraha - 11/71-72. 515 savitarka savicAraM sapRthaktvamudAhRtam / / 516 AtmadravyeSu paryAye 517 519 dhyAnadIpikA, prakaraNa - 9, zloka- 198. AgamasAra, pR. 174. 518 jaM puNa suNippakaMpaM nivAyasaraNappaIvamiva cittaM / uppAya-TThii-bhaMgAiyANamegammi pajjAe || 192 dhyAnastava, zloka - 17. yAMti yoginaam|| - dhyAnasAra, zloka - 143-146. aviyAramattha- vaMjaNa- jogaMtarao tayaM biiyasukkaM / puvvagayasuyAlaMbaNamegatta vitakkamaviyAraM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 79-80. sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna caturtha, uddezaka - 1, sUtra - 68. For Personal & Private Use Only

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193 hI dhyeya para cittavRtti ke sthira rahane ke kAraNa ise ekatva-vitarka-avicAra zukladhyAna kahate haiN|520 isameM dhyAna kA viSaya rahatA hai, kintu vikalpa yA vicAra samApta ho jAte tattvArthasiddhavRtti ke anusAra aneka dravyoM evaM paryAyoM meM se mAtra eka dravya yA usakI eka paryAya kA Alambana lenA 'ekatva-vitarka-avicAra' nAmaka zukladhyAna kA dUsarA prakAra hai| 21 jJAnArNava meM likhA hai- sAdhaka pRthaktvarahita, vicArarahita aura vitarkasahita nirmala ekatva-dhyAna ko prApta kara letA hai|522 yogazAstra meM kahA hai ki zukladhyAna ke dvitIya bheda meM pUrvazrutAnusAra koI bhI eka hI paryAya dhyeya hotI hai| eka hI dhyeya hone se isameM saMkramaNa nahIM hotA hai, isalie yaha 'ekatva-vitarka-avicAra' nAmaka dUsarA zukladhyAna hai| 23 . guNasthAnaka-kramAroha meM kahA gayA hai ki kSINamoha-guNasthAna meM se kSapaka jIva acchI taraha AtmA kI vartamAnakAlIna eka paryAya se dhyAtA hai| samabhAvarasI ativizuddha apane paramAtma-svabhAva meM lIna rahate haiN| isa dhyAna meM dhyAtA pRthaktva-vitarka-savicAra se rahita hokara ekatva-vitarka-avicAra hokara eka hI dravya, guNa athavA paryAya kA niSprakampa citta se dhyAna karatA hai|524 adhyAtmasAra ke antargata batAyA gayA hai ki ekatva-vitarka aura vicAra se saMyukta eka paryAya vAlA jo dUsarA zukladhyAna hai- vaha nirvAta-sthAna para rahI huI dIpaka kI jyoti ke samAna hai|525 AdipurANa meM bhI yahI kahA hai- dUsarA ekatvavitarka nAma kA zukladhyAna bhI pahale zukladhyAna ke samAna hI jAnanA cAhie, kintu vizeSatA itanI hI hai ki jisakA 520 tattvArthasUtra-9/41. 521 ekasya bhAva ekatvaM ..... / / -tattvArthasiddhavRti, dhyAnazataka pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 135. 52 apRthaktvamavicAraM savitarka ca yoginaH / ___ ekatvamekayogasya jAyate'tyantanirmalam / / - jJAnArNava- 42/26. 523 evaM zrutAnusArAd ektvvitrkmekpryaaye|| arth-vyNjn-yogaantressvsNkrmnnmnyttu|| - yogazAstra- 11/7. 524 apRthaktvamavicAraM savitarkaguNAnvitam / sa dhyAyatyekayogena zukladhyAnaM dvitiiykm|| - guNasthAnaka-kramArohaNa- 75. 525 ekatvena vitarkeNa vicAreNa ca saMyutam / nirvAtasthapradIpA''bhaM dvitIyaM tvekpryym|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/77. For Personal & Private Use Only

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194 mohanIya-karma naSTa ho gayA ho, jo pUrvo kA jJAtA ho, jisakA Atma teja aparimita ho aura jo tIna yogoM meM se vartamAna meM kisI eka yoga kA dhAraNa karane vAlA ho- aise sAdhaka ko dUsarA zukladhyAna hotA hai|526 kSINamoha ke antima samaya meM jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya karmoM kA eka sAtha nAza karate haiN|527 uparokta granthoM ke alAvA SaTkhaNDAgama:28. dhyAnadIpikA29, dhyAnakalpatarU530, siddhAntasArasaMgraha:31, dhyAnasta32, dhyAnasAra 33 tathA AgamasAra34 ityAdi granthoM meM bhI zukladhyAna ke dUsare bheda kA varNana milatA hai| 3. sUkSmakriyA-pratipAtI - dhyAnazataka ke antargata AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa tRtIya prakAra ke zukladhyAna ke viSaya kA nirdeza karate hue kahate haiM ki kevalI ke mana aura vacana ke vikalparUpa donoM yogoM kI pravRtti prAyaH samApta ho jAtI hai, mAtra sUkSma-kriyAeM hI zeSa rahatI haiN| yaha zukladhyAna kA sUkSmakriyA-pratipAtI nAmaka tRtIya prakAra hai| ise pratipAtI kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki isameM dUsaroM ke nimitta se upayogadazA meM parivartana sambhava hai|535 tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki kevalI ke yoganirodha ke krama antataH sUkSma manoyoga, vacanayoga aura kAyayoga kA pUrNataH nirodha kara dete haiN| usa vakta taka yaha 526 dvitIyamAdyavajjJeyaM vizeSastvekayoginaH ............. || - AdipurANa- 21/184. 527 (ka) SaTakhaNDAgama, bhASya-5, dhavalATIkA, pR. 79-80 (kha) sarvArthasiddhi- 9/44. 528 SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga- 5, dhavalATIkA, pR. 79. savitarkasavicAraM pRthaktvaM ca prakIrtitama / ___ zuklamAdyaM dvitIyaM ca viparyastamataH param / / - dhyAnadIpikA, tra.- 9, zloka- 197. 530 dhyAnakalpatarU, caturtha zAkhA, dvitIya patra, pR. 360. 531 siddhAntasArasaMgraha- 11/76. dhyAnastava, zloka- 17. 533 AtmagaNe svaparyAya svsNvednlkssnne| svasmin ekatvasaMlInaM tadekatva zrutasthiram / / - dhyAnasAra, zloka- 147. 53 AgamasAra, pR. 174.. 535 nivvANagamaNakAle kevaliNo drniruuddhjogss| / suhamakiriyA'niyahi taiyaM tnnukaaykiriyss|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 81. 536 yaha krama isa prakAra hai- sthUla kAyayoga ke Azraya se vacana aura mana ke sthUlayoga ko sUkSma banAyA jAtA hai| isake bAda vacana aura mana ke sUkSma yoga ko avalambita karake zarIra ke sthUla yoga ko sUkSma banAyA jAtA hai, phira zarIra se sUkSma yoga ko avalambita karake vacana aura mana ke sUkSma yoga kA nirodha kiyA jAtA hai aura anta meM sUkSma zarIra kA bhI nirodha kiyA jAtA hai| - tattvArtha sUtra, vive ca ka- sukhAlAla saMghavI, pR. 230: For Personal & Private Use Only

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___195 'sUkSmakriyApratipAtI ' nAmaka tRtIya zukladhyAna rahatA hai, kyoMki isameM kevala yoga hI raha jAte haiN| isameM mAtra upayoga-parivartana sambhava hotA hai, ataH yaha pratipAtI kahA jAtA hai|537 . sthAnAMgasUtravRtti ke anusAra, yaha zukladhyAna kI tIsarI sIr3hI hai| terahaveM guNasthAnavartI sayogI-kevalI mAtra antarmuhUrta-pariNAma Ayu zeSa rahane para nAma, gotra evaM vedanIya-karma kI sthiti AyuSya-karma ke samAna karane ke lie kevalI samudghAta karate haiN| usameM nAma, gotra tathA vedanIya-karma bhI AyuSya-karma ke samAna raha jAte haiN| isake bAda sthUla mAnasika-vAcika tathA kAyika-vyApAra kA nirodha karate haiM, mAtra sUkSmayoga hI zeSa rahate haiM, ataH ise hI sUkSmakriyA-anivRtti kahate haiN|538 ___ sarvArthasiddhi meM likhA hai ki kevalI jaba antarmuhUrta mAtra Ayu ke zeSa rahane para muktigamana ke samaya kucha yoga-nirodha kara sUkSma kAyA kI kriyArUpa jo dhyAna karatA hai, vaha sUkSmakriyA apratipAtI-zukladhyAna kahalAtA hai|539 jJAnArNava meM kahA gayA hai ki ghAtI-karmoM se mukta hokara kevalajJAnarUpI sUrya se prakAzamAna hue ve sarvajJa antarmuhUrta mAtra AyuSya ke zeSa raha jAne para tRtIya sUkSmakriyA-pratipAtI zukladhyAna ke yogya hote haiN|540 yogazAstra ke praNetA kalikAla sarvajJa hemacandrAcArya grantha ke antargata 'sUkSmakriyA-anivartI' zukladhyAna kA ullekha karate hue kahate haiM ki kevala jJAnarUpI lakSmI ko prApta tathA apAra zakti se yukta sayogI-kevalI bAdara-kAyayoga kA avalambana lekara bAdara-vacanayoga aura manoyoga ko zIghra hI roka letA hai| isa prakAra sUkSma kAyayoga se bAdara-kAyayoga ko rokatA hai| bAdara-kAyayoga kA nirodha kie binA sUkSma kAyayoga kA nirodha asambhava hai| tatpazcAt, sUkSma kAyayoga se sUkSma vacana aura manoyoga ko rokate haiN| tadanantara sUkSmakAyayoga se bhinna (rahita) hokara 537 tattvArthasUtra- 9/41-46. 538 sthAnAMgasUtra- 247, vRtti- 81. . 539 ... sa yadA'ntamuhUrta zeSAyuSkatadA sarvavAGmanasayogaM bAdarakAyayogaM ca parihApya sUkSmakAya yogAlambanaH sUkSmakriyApratipAtidhyAna.......... || - sarvArthasiddhi- 9/44/5. 50 sarvajJaH kSINakarmAsau kevljnyaanbhaaskrH|| antarmuhUrtazeSAyustRtIyaM dhyaanmrhti|| - jJAnArNava- 39/37. For Personal & Private Use Only

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196 sUkSmakriyA nivartI nAma kA zukladhyAna karate haiM aura anta meM sUkSma kAyayoga kA bhI nirodha kara mokSa ko prApta karate haiN|541 adhyAtmasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki sUkSmakriyA-anivRtti- yaha tIsarA dhyAna kevalI ko hotA hai| isameM sUkSma kAyayoga ke nirodha ke atirikta dUsare do yoga (mana aura vacana) kA pUrNa nirodha hotA hai|542 . SaTkhaNDAgarma43. AdipurANa44. tattvArthavArtika:45. dhyAnadIpikA dhyAnakalpatarU47..AgamasAra 48. dhyAnavicAra49. dhyAnasAra50. dhyAnastava, dhyAnAmRta:52, guNasthAnakakramAroha, prazamaratiprakaraNa54 Adi granthoM meM zukladhyAna ke tRtIya prakAra kA ullekha isI rUpa se ullekhita hai| jaba mana aura vANI ke yoga kA samagra nirodha ho jAtA hai aura kAyayoga kI zvAsozvAsa jaisI sUkSma sahaja kriyA mAtra rahatI hai, taba usa avasthA ko sUkSmakriyA kahA jAtA hai aura isameM patana kI AzaMkA kA abhAva hai, isalie apratipAtI hai. ataH yaha dhyAna vitarka evaM vicAra se rahita aura sUkSmakriyA se yukta hotA hai| isameM mAtra sUkSma kAyayoga rahatA hai|556 sarvajJa kA AyuSya 541 zrImAnacintyavIryaH zarIrayoge'thabAdare .......... sUkSmatanuyogam / / - yogazAstra- 11/53-55. 542 sUkSmakriyAnivRtyArakhyaM tRtIyaM tu jinasya tat / artharUddhAMgayogassa rUddhayogadvayasya c|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/78. 543 SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga- 5, dhavalATIkA, vIrasenAcArya, gAthA- 72, pR. 83. 544 punarantarmuhUrtena nirUndhan yogmaasrvm| kRtvA vAGmanase sUkSme kaayyogvypaashryaat|| sUkSmIkRtya punaH kAyayogaM ca tadupAzrayam / dhyAyet sUkSmakriyaM dhyAnaM pratipAtaparAGmukham / / __ - AdipurANa- 21/194-195. 545 tattvArthavArtika- 9/44 kI vRtti. 546 sUkSmakriyApratipAti tRtIyaM sarvavedinAm / / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 198. 547 dhyAnakalpatarU, amolaka RSi, tRtIya patra, caturtha zAkhA, pR. 362. 548 AgamasAra, pR. 185. 549 dhyAnavicArasavivecana. 550 nirvANagatisAmIpye kAle kevliyoginaam| ___ parispandAdirUpeNa sUkSmA kaayikstkriyaa|| - dhyAnasAra, zloka- 151. 551 sakSmakAyakriyasya syAdyoginaH srvvedinH| zaklaM sakSmakriyaM deva khyaatmprtipaatitt|| - dhyAnastava, zloka- 20. 552 dhyAnAmRta, dharmAlaMkAra pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 203. 553 bAdare kAyayoge'smin ..... cidrupa vindati svym|| - guNasthAnakakramAroha, zloka- 97-100. 554 sUkSmakriyamapratipAti kaayyogopyogto| - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 280. 555 saMskRti ke do pravAha, AcArya mahAprajJa, pR. 225. . 556 yogazAstra- 11/8. For Personal & Private Use Only

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197 mAtra antarmuhUrta avazeSa rahe, taba aghAtI-karma (vedanIya, nAma, gotra) kI sthiti jyAdA raha jAe, taba kevalI unako eka samAna karane ke lie kevalI-samudghAta karate haiN|57 khavagaser3hI ke anusAra, AtmapradezoM ke samUha ko deha se bAhara kSepaNa kI kriyA samudghAta hai|58 jinake vedanAdi karma yadi AyuSya jitane hI sthiti vAle hoM, to unheM samudghAta kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| vaise vedanAdi sAta samudghAta hote haiM, inameM kevalI-samudghAta antima hai|59 kevalI jaba samudghAta karate haiM, to usake pUrva unheM eka prakriyA avazya karanI par3atI hai aura vaha hai- aaujjiikrnn| AujjIkaraNa (AyojyakaraNa) - samasta sayogI sarvajJa mokSa jAne ke eka muhUrta pUrva kevalI-samudghAta karane ke pahale kie jAne vAlA zubha-vyApArayoga AujjIkaraNa kahalAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, kevalI-samudghAta ke pahale kI jAne vAlI triyoga kI zubhakriyA eka antarmuhUrta taka karma--pudgala ko udayavalikA meM DAlane ke rUpa meM udIraNA-vizeSa ko AujjiyAkaraNa kahate haiN|561 saMkSepa meM, mana, vacana aura kAyA kI zeSa aghAtI-karmoM kI udIraNA antima zubhapravRtti ko hI Aujja yA AujjIkaraNa kahA jAtA hai|562 ise AyojikAkaraNa, AvazyakakaraNa, avazyakaraNa, AvarjitakaraNa ke nAma se bhI sambodhita karate haiN|563 557 yasya punaH kevalinaH karma bhvtyaayusso'tirikttrm| sa samudghAtaM bhagavAnatha gacchati tat samIkartum / / - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 273. 558 zarIrAd bahirjIvapradezAnAM nissAraNamiti samudghAtaH / - khavagaser3hI, pR . 452. 559 (ka) satta samugghAyA pannatA, taM jahA-veyaNAsamugghAe 1, kasAyasamugghAe 2, mAraNaMtisamugghAe 3, veuvviyasamugghAe 4, teyAsamugghAe 5, AhArasamugghAe 6, kevalisamugghAe 7 | - paNNavaNAsuttaM (suttAgame)- 36/686. (kha) prazamaratiprakaraNa kI vRtti, gAthA- 273. 560 (ka) kai samaeNaM bhNte| AujjIkaraNe paNNatte, taM jahA-goyamA asaMkhejjasamaieaMtomuhuttie paNNatte ........ || - ovavAiyasutraM / / suttAgame / / - pR. 36. (kha) kai samaeNaM bhNte| AujjIkaraNe ..... pnnnntte| paNNavaNAsuyaM ||suttaagme|| - 36/711. (ga) sacitra ardhamAgadhI koSa, bhAga-2, pR. 11. 561 vahI, bhAga- 2, pR. 11. 562 sacitraardhamAgadhI koSa (saM. zatAvadhAnI ratnacaMdramuni), pR. 10-11. 563 (ka) AvajjaNamuvaogo vAvAro vA tadatthamAIe / taM ca gantumanAH prAripsuH pUrvamAvarjI karaNamabhyeti vidadhAti ......... / ucyate-tadartha samudghAtakaraNArthamAdau kevalina upayogo 'mayA'dhunedaM karttavyam / ityevaM rUpaH udayAvalikAyAM karmaprekSarUpo vyApAro vaa''vrjnmucyte| tathA bhUtasya karaNamAvarjIkaraNam / / - vizeSAvazyakabhASya, hemacaMdraTIkA, gAthA- 3051, pR. 243. (kha) khavagaser3hI, svopajJavRtti, ||shriimdvijypremsuuriishvr / / , pR. 448-449. For Personal & Private Use Only

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198 sampUrNa AtmasthiratA kI ora jAne vAle atyanta pravarddhamAna pariNAma se nivRtta na huI ho, aisI (sUkSma se bAdara meM pariNata nahIM hone vAlI) sUkSmakriyA ko hI sUkSmakriyA-anivartI kahate haiN| yaha avasthA hI dhyAna kahI jAtI hai64 aura ise hI yoganirodha kI prakriyA bhI kahate haiN| Adhunika cintaka viTThaladAsa ke zabdoM meM- "zarIra kI sUkSma se sUkSma kriyA ko rAgadveSa rahita hokara dekhanA caahie|" deha ke samagra hisse ko ruke binA dekhate rahane kA vidhAna vipazyanA evaM prekSA ke antargata AtA hai|565 vyucchinnakriyA apratipAti - dhyAnazataka ke antargata zukladhyAna ke caturtha prakAra ko spaSTa karate hue granthakAra ne yaha kahA hai ki zaila (parvata) kI bhAMti kampana, halana-calana-kriyA se rahita hokara, arthAt yoga se rahita hue kevalI 'ayogI-kevalI' nAmaka caudahaveM guNasthAna meM praviSTa hokara zailezI avasthA ko prApta hote haiM, use 'vyucchinnakriyA-apratipAti' nAma kA sarvotkRSTa zukladhyAna kahate haiN|566 'selesI' zabda prAkRta kA hai tathA 'zailezI' isakA saMskRta rUpAntaraNa hai| isakA artha hai- zaila ke samAna sthira Rssi| dUsare zabdoM meM, 'sa eva alesI selesI', abhiprAya yaha hai ki kevalI lezyA se rahita hote haiM,567 athavA prakArAntara se sarvasaMvararUpa zIla kA jo Iza (svAmI) hai, 564 (ka) sUkSma kriyamapratipAti kAyayogopayogato dhyAtvA vigatakriyamamanivartinvamuttaraM dhyAyati prenn|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 280. (kha) yogazAstra, svopajJabhASya- 11/53-55. ga) abhidhAna rAjeMdrakoza, bhAga-4, pR. 1662. 565 (ka) vipazyanA sAdhanA, viTThaladAsa modI, pR. 7. (kha) prekSAdhyAna : prayoga-paddhati, yuvAcArya mahAprajJa, pR. 10. 566 tasseva ye selesIgayassa selovva nnippkNpss| vocchinna kiriyamappaDivAijjhANaM prmskkN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 82. 567........ tado aNtomuhutNselesipddivjjdi| tato'ntarmuhUrtamayogikevalau bhUtvA zailezyameSa bhagavAnalezyabhAvena pratipadyate iti sUtrArthaH / ............... bhAva zailezya sklgunn-shiilaanaamaikaadhiptyprtilmbhnmityrthH| - jayadhavalA, a. pa. 1246 (dhava. pu. 10, pR. 326 kI TIkA- 1) For Personal & Private Use Only

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199 use zIleza kahA jAtA hai| aise kevalI jina hI hote haiM, jo pUrva samaya meM zIleza ho jAte haiM, ataH unheM selesI kahA jAtA hai|588 sthAnAMgasUtravRtti ke anusAra, yaha zukladhyAna kI carama avasthA hai| yahAM sUkSma -kAyayoga kA nirodha hone para jIvAtmA caudahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatI hai| yahAM sUkSma yogoM kI pravRtti sampUrNatayA samApta ho jAne ke sAtha hI AtmA ayogI-avasthA, arthAt siddhAvasthA ko prApta kara letI hai| isa prakAra, vaha apane prAptavya sthAna (svasthAna) para pahuMca jAtI hai|569 tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jaba kAyayoga kI zvAsa-prazvAsarUpa sUkSma kriyAeM bhI samApta ho jAtI haiM aura Atmapradeza sarvathA niSprakampa ho jAte haiM, taba 'vyuparatakriyAnivRtti' nAmaka caturtha zukladhyAna hotA hai|570 harivaMzapurANa meM likhA hai ki zukladhyAna kI antima avasthA meM kevalI sUkSmakAyayoga kI kriyA ko bhI samApta kara dete haiN| AtmA meM kisI bhI prakAra kA koI bhI prakalpa nahIM hotA, cAhe vaha sthUla ho athavA sUkSma, usakA sadA-sarvathA ke lie abhAva ho jAtA hai| yogazAstra meM kahA hai ki dhyAna kI avaziSTa sUkSma kriyA se mukta hote hI kevalI (a, i, u, R, lu- ina pAMca hRsvAkSaroM ke uccAraNa meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, utane samaya ke lie) zailezI avasthA ko prApta hote haiN|572 isameM merU-parvata kI bhAMti niSprakampa ho jAte haiN| jaba zailezIkaraNa meM sthita hote haiM, taba vichinna kriyA apratipAti nAmaka cauthA zukladhyAna hotA hai|573 568 (ka) zIlezaH srvsNvrruupcrnnprbhustsyemvsthaa| zailezo vA merUstasyeva yA'vasthA sthiratAsAdhAt sA shaileshii| - vyAkhyAprajJapti abhaya, vR. 1, 8, 72. (kha) dha. pu. 6, pR. 417 kA Tippana - 1. 569 sukke jhANe cauvihe cauppaDoAre paNNatte, taM jahA-puhuttavitakke saviyArI, egattavitakke avicArI, sahamakirie aNiyaTTI, samRcchiNNakirie appddivaatii|| - sthAnAMgasUtra-4/1/69. 570 pRthktvaiktvvitrksuukssmkriyaaprtipaativyuprtkriyaanivRttiini|| - tattvArthasUtra- 9/41. 571 svapradezaparispandayogaprANAdi karmaNAm / samucchinnatayokta ttsmucchinnkriyaakhyyaa|| sarvabandhAsravANAM hi nirodhastatra yatnataH / ayogasya yathAkhyAta cAritraM mokSa saadhnm|| . _ - harivaMzapurANa- 56/78-79. 572 laghuvarNapaJcakogiraNa tulyakAlamavApya shaileshii|| - yogazAstra- 11/57. 573 (ka) kevalinaH zailezIgatasya shailvdkmpniiysy| utsannakriyamapratipAti turIyaM paramazuklam / / - yogazAstra- 11/9. (kha) ISadsvAkSarapaJcako ......... gatalezyaH / / - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 283. s| . For Personal & Private Use Only

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200 adhyAtmasAra ke kartA ke anusAra- AtmapradezaspandanarUpa sUkSmakriyA kA uccheda ho jAne para samucchinna-kriyA-apratipAtI nAmaka cauthA zukladhyAna hotA hai| zailezI avasthA meM unake Atma-pradeza meru-parvata ke sadRza aDiga hote haiN|574 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA hai- jaise yogoM kA nirodha hotA hai, vaise hI baMdha kA bhI nirodha ho jAtA hai| isa samaya kevalI bhagavAn trasa, bAdara, paryApta saubhAgya, kIrti, manuSyagati, paMcendriyajAti, sAtA athavA asAtA meM se eka aura uccagotra, manuSyAyu Adi karma-prakRtiyoM kA vedana karate hue unheM kSaya karate haiN| yadi tIrthakara ho, to tIrthakara-nAmakarma kI prakRti ko sammilita karake bAraha athavA teraha prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karake sUkSmakAyayoga (zvAsa) se mukti pAne hetu samucchinnakriya-apratipAtI nAmaka zukladhyAna ke cauthe stara meM praveza karate haiN|575 jJAnArNava76 meM varNita hai- yaha ati uttama dhyAna caudahaveM ayogI-guNasthAna meM prAraMbha hotA hai, jisameM kevalI upAntya meM bahattara avaziSTa teraha karma-prakRtiyoM kA bhI nAza kara dete haiN| ina granthoM ke atirikta nimnAMkita granthoM meM bhI zukladhyAna ke cauthe bheda kA varNana hai, jo isa prakAra hai- prazamarati". SaTkhaNDAgama" AdipurANa, dhyAnakalpatarU80. AgamasAra81dhyAnasAra82. dhyAnasta83. dhyAnadIpikA 574 turIyaM tu samucchinnakriyapratipAtI tt| zailavanniSprakampasya zaizyAM vishvvedinH|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/79. 575 trasabAdaraparyAptAdeyazubhagakIrti ............ vyuparatikriyamanivartItyarthaH / / - tattvArthasiddhavRtti. 576 dvAsaptatirvilIyante krmprkRtystdaa| asmin sUkSmakriye dhyAne devadevasya durjayAH / vilayaM vItarAgasya tatra yAnti tryodsh| karmaprakRtayaH sadyaH paryante yA vyavasthitAH / / - jJAnArNava- 39/47, 49. 577 vigatakriyamamanivartitvamuttaraM dhyAyati prenn| - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 280. 578 samucchinnA kriyA yogo ysminttsmucchinnkriym| samucchinna kriyaM ca apratipAti ca samucchinnakriyApratipAtI dhyaanm|| ' - SaTkhaNDAgama, dhavalATIkA, bhAga-5, pR. 87. 579 tato nirUddhayogaH sannayogI vigtaasrvH| __ samucchinnakriyati dhyAnamanivRtti tadA bhjet|| - AdipurANa- 21/196. 580 dhyAnakalpatarU, caturtha zAkhA, caturtha patra, pR. 363. 581 AgamasAra, pR. 175. 582 anivRtti dhyAnaM jAyate parameSThinaH / yathA'zoSANi karmANi bhasmAt kurUtekSaNAt / / - dhyAnasAra, zloka- 155. 583 sthirasarvAtmadezasya samucchinna ...... ........ srvjnysyaanivrtkm|| - dhyAnastava, zloka- 21. 584 samucchinnaM dhyAnaM turyamAryeH praveditam / / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 198. . For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAnAmRta", sarvArthasiddhi 86, guNasthAnakakramAroha 87 uparyukta granthoM ke alAvA anya granthoM meM bhI zukladhyAna ke inhIM cAroM prakAroM kA ullekha hai / AvazyakacUrNi 88 sammativRtti, hitopadezavRtti, 593 saMvegaraMgazAlA 91 bhagavatI - ArAdhanA 92, jainasAdhanA - paddhati meM dhyAna 3 - ityAdi granthoM meM saMkSepa meM zukladhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana isa prakAra hai 1. pRthaktva - vitarka - savicAra vicAradhArA 'pRthaktva-vitarka - savicAra' zukladhyAna hai| 2. ekatva - vitarka -avicAra dravya kI vibhinna paryAyoM meM citta ke AvAgamana ko chor3akara mAtra eka hI paryAya (viSaya) meM vicAradhArA kA rahanA ekatva - vitarka - avicAra zukladhyAna hai / 3. sUkSmakriyA-pratipAtI - mAnasika - vAcika aura kAyika- pravRttiyoM kA nirodha karake mAtra zvAsozvAsa kI sUkSmakriyA zeSa rahanA - yaha sUkSmakriyA-pratipAtI zukladhyAna hai| 4. samucchinna- kriyA-nivRtti jaba mana, vacana aura kAyA kI samasta pravRttiyoM kA nirodha hone para tIsare stara para jo sUkSma zvAsa-prazvAsa rahatA hai, usakA bhI nirodha samucchinna- kriyA-nivRtti hai / - dravya - paryAya ko eka - 585 dhyAnAmRta, dharmAlaMkAra pustaka uddhRta, pR. 206. 586 sarvArthasiddhi- 9/44. 587 samucchinna kriyA yatra sUkSmayogAtmikA'pi hi| 588 samucchinnakriyaM proktaM taddvAraM muktivezmanaH / / - guNasthAnakakramAroha - 106. suttaNANe uvautto atyaMmi .. bitie jjhANe vitakkatI / / - AvazyakacUrNi 589 kaSAyadoSamalApagamAt zucitvam 590 201 5- dUsare meM saMkramaNa karane kI bandhaviyogo mokSaH / / - sammativRtti, kA. - 3/63. munermanoguptiriti / / - hitopadezavRtti - 484. zukladhyAnamapi caturvidhaM 591 saMvegaraMgazAlA, gAthA - 9963-64. 592 jhANaM pudhattasavitakkasavicAraM have paDhamasukkaM / savitakkekkattAvicAraM jjhANaM vidiyasukkaM / / suhumakiriyaM tu tadiyaM sukkajjhANaM : sukkaM jiNA samucchiNNakiriyaM tu / / bhagavatI ArAdhanA- 1872-73. 593 jainadharmasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna, DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pR. 30-31. For Personal & Private Use Only

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202 isa prakAra, zukladhyAna kI prathama avasthA se kramazaH Age bar3hate-bar3hate caramAvasthA ke antargata kevalI tInoM yoga-pravRttiyoM kA sampUrNa nirodha kara anta meM siddhAvasthA ko prApta karate haiM, jo ki dharmasAdhanA aura yogasAdhanA kA antima lakSya hai| zukladhyAna ke dvAra 1. dhyAtavya-dvAra - jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM hI sUcita kiyA thA ki zukladhyAna Atma-mukti kA mUla mantra hai| zukladhyAna ke mAdhyama se mana ko zAnta aura nirvikalpa kiyA jAtA hai| isa dhyAna kI antima pariNati mana kI samasta pravRttiyoM kA pUrNa nirodha hai| dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka satahattara se bayAsI taka zukladhyAna ke dhyAtavya-dvAra kA vivecana hai| yahAM dhyAtavya se tAtparya dhyAna ke viSaya se hai| isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pratyeka dravya meM utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya- ye tIna avasthAeM pAI jAtI haiN| isake atirikta, pratyeka dravya, guNa aura paryAya se yukta hai| paryAyeM badalatI rahatI haiM, ataH zukladhyAna ke prathama caraNa meM eka hI dravya meM jo samakAla hotA hai, usa samakAla meM hone vAlI utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya kI avasthAoM kA cintana hotA hai| Agama evaM naya Adi ke anusAra dravya ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA prathama pRthaktva-vitarka-savicAra nAmaka zukladhyAna kA dhyAtavya hai|594 yahAM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne eka bAta vizeSa rUpa se kahI hai ki isa cintana meM vastu ke prati rAgabhAva kA abhAva hotA hai, phira bhI dravyasattA kI kramazaH hone vAlI vibhinna paryAyoM kA tathA nayAnusAra vibhinna vikalpoM kA cintana calatA rahatA hai| isameM dravya eka rahatA hai, kintu paryAyeM badalatI rahatI haiN| jaba dravya kI eka hI paryAya meM citta kI avasthiti sthira ho jAtI hai, to vaha ekatva-vitarka-avicAra nAmaka dvitIya zukladhyAna kA dhyAtavya-dvAra hotA hai, ataH yahAM vicAra yA vikalpa nahIM hote haiN|595 nirvANakAla ke samaya kevalI ke dvArA zailezI avasthA meM sthita honA aura sthUla mana-vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM kA niruddha ho jAnA sUkSmakriyA apratipAtI nAmaka 594 uppAya-TThii-bhaMgAipajjayANaM ...... saviyAramarAgabhAvassa / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 77-78. 595 jaM puNa suNippakapaMnivAya ........... vitakkamaviyAraM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 79-80. For Personal & Private Use Only

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203 zukladhyAna kA tIsarA dhyAtavya-dvAra hai| isameM dhyAtavya kI nirvikalpa sattA hotI hai|596 isameM sUkSmakAyayoga avaziSTa rahatA hai, kintu patana kI sthiti samApta ho jAtI hai, isalie ise sUkSmakriyA-anivRtti kahA jAtA hai| yahAM kAyA kI vicArapUrvaka hone vAlI kriyAeM samApta ho jAtI haiM, kintu sahaja daihika-kriyAeM calatI rahatI haiN| jisameM sUkSmakAyayoga kI kriyA bhI samApta ho jAtI hai, vaha caturtha vyuparata-kriyA-nivRtti nAmaka zukladhyAna kA cauthA dhyAtavya-dvAra hai|597 isameM mAtra jo bAraha athavA teraha karma-prakRtiyAM udaya meM haiM, ve hI banI rahatI haiN| unake kSaya hote hI sAdhaka nirvANa ko prApta hotA hai, isalie aisA kahA jAtA hai ki chadmastha ke mana kA nizcala ho jAnA aura kevalI ke kAyAdi yogoM kA nirodha ho jAnA hI antima zukladhyAna hai| isakA dhyAtavya sUkSmayoga nirodha hI hotA hai, yaha pUrNataH nirvikalpadazA hai| 2. dhyAtR-dvAra - 'dhyAtR' kA artha dhyAtA yA phira dhyAna karane vAle se hai| yadyapi dhyAtA AtmA hI hotA hai, phira bhI yaha samajha lenA cAhie ki sabhI AtmAoM meM prazasta-dhyAna kI sAmarthyatA nahIM hotI hai| prazasta- dhyAna kA sAmarthya kevala cauthe guNasthAna se hI sambhava hotA hai| ina donoM dhyAna ke sandarbha meM dhyAtA ko lekara matabheda haiN| zvetAmbara-paramparA ke anusAra, sAtaveM guNasthAna se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM meM dharmadhyAna sambhava hotA hai, jabaki digambara-paramparA ke anusAra yaha cauthe guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM meM sambhava hotA hai| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne dhyAnazataka meM kahA hai ki zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa meM dhyAna karane vAlA, prazasta-saMghayaNa vAlA, apramattapUrvadhara, arthAt vajra-RSabha-nArAca-saMghayaNa vAlA hotA hai|98 isI bAta kA samarthana tattvArthasUtra99 meM bhI milatA hai| 596 nivvANagamaNakAlekevaliNo ............. taNukAyakiriyassa / / - dhyAnazataka- 81. 597 tasseva ya selesIgayassa selovva nnippNkpss| vocchinnakiriyamappaDivAijjhANaM parama sukkN|| - dhyAnazataka- 82. 598 savvappamAyarahiyA muNao khiinnovsNtmohaay| jhAyAro nANadhaNA dhammajhANassa niddivaa|| For Personal & Private Use Only

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zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNa meM dhyAtA sayogI yA ayogI hI hotA hai, adhyAtmasAra, yogazAstra 01 meM bhI yahI mAnA gayA hai| zukladhyAna ke sandarbha meM zvetAmbara - paramparA evaM digambara - paramparA donoM hI yaha mAnatI haiM ki zukladhyAna kevala terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hI sambhava hotA hai / zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa terahaveM guNasthAna (sayogI - kevalI) meM hote haiM aura antima do caraNa caudahaveM guNasthAna (ayogI - kevalI - dazA) meM hote haiM / isa sambandha kI vistRta carcA hama dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtAdvAra meM bhI kara cuke haiN| anuprekSA-dvAra anuprekSA kA artha hotA hai- gahana cintana karanA / AtmA ke dvArA vizuddha cintana ke mAdhyama se sAMsArika viSaya-vikAroM kA vinAza hotA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa sAdhaka pragati karatA huA mokSa ke adhikAra kI yogyatA prApta kara letA hai / dhyAna-sAdhanA meM avasthita rahane ke lie sAdhaka ke dvArA dhyAnAntarAvasthA meM dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI cAra-cAra anuprekSAoM kA AdhAra liyA jAtA hai| ve anuprekSAeM kramazaH isa prakAra haiM dharmadhyAna kI anuprekSAeM anantavarttitAnuprekSA, vipariNAmAnuprekSA, azubhAnuprekSA aura apAyAnuprekSA 2 - ina cAroM anuprekSAoM kA ullekha AgamoM meM to hai hI, 03 parantu 599 11 (ka) uttamasaMhanana (kha) upazAntakSINakaSAyayozca / (ga) zukle cAdye pUrvavidaH / pare kevalinaH / / - tattvArthasUtra - 9 / 27-38, 39, 40. 600 dhyAtA'yameva zuklasyA - pramattaH pAdayordvayoH / pUrvavid yogyayogI ca kevalI parayostayoH / / idamAdimasaMhananA evAlaM pUrvavedinaH kurtam / sthiratAM na yAti cittaM kathamapi yatsvalpa - sattvAnAm / / dhatte na khula svAsthyaM vyAkulitaM tanumatAM manoviSayai / zukladhyAne tasmAd nAstyadhikAro'pasArANAm / / prastuta sandarbha jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAnayoga pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 270. etecci puvvANaM puvvadharA suppasatthasaMghayaNA / doNha sajogAjogA sukkANa parANa kevaliNo / / dhyAnatazataka, gAthA - 63-64. 601 204 602 - adhyAtmasAra - 16/69. yogazAstra - 4/2-3. For Personal & Private Use Only

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205 Agametara granthoM, jaise- dhyAnazataka (jhANajjhayaNa), svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, adhyAtmasAra:06. dhyAnavicAra:07. dhyAnadIpikA Adi granthoM meM ina anuprekSAoM ko nimnAMkita nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai 1. aasrvdvaar-anuprekssaa| (aashrv-apaay-anuprekssaa)| 2. sNsaarsvbhaavaanuprekssaa| 3. bhvsNtti-anuprekssaa| 4. vipariNAmAnuprekSA (vibhaav-anuprekssaa)| 1. apAyAnuprekSA - dhyAnazataka ke racanAkAra jinabhadragaNi ne kahA hai ki zukladhyAna se subhAvita cittavAlA, cAritra-sampanna zramaNa dhyAna se uparata hone para bhI nirantara cAroM anuprekSAoM kA cintana-manana karatA rahatA hai|609 bandha ke hetuoM ko doSajanaka, kaSTajanaka socanA hI apAyAnuprekSA kahalAtI hai| 10 AsravadvAra kauna-kauna se haiM aura unake sevana se ihaloka evaM paraloka meM kaise-kaise duHkhoM ko bhoganA par3egA, kitane kaSTa sahana karanA par3eMge, ityAdi viSayoM kA cintana karanA Asrava-apAya-anuprekSA kahalAtI hai sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, rAga-dveSa se hone vAle doSoM kA vicAra karanA hI apAyAnuprekSA hai|11 . 603 (ka) sukkassaNaM jhANassa cattAri aNuppehAo paM taM jahA-aNaMtavatiyANuppehA, vippariNAmANuppehA, azubhANuppehA, avaayaannuppehaa|| - sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/1/72. (kha) bhagavatIsUtra- 25/7 (ga) aupapAtika. 604 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 88. 605 svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA- 89, 38, 66-73, 64-65. 606 AzravA'pAyasaMsArA-nubhAvabhavasantatIH / __arthe vipariNAmaM vaa'nupshyecchuklvishrme|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/18. 607 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 36. 608 dhyAnadIpikA, pR. 390-391. 609 sukkajjhANasubhAviviyacittociMtei jhANa virme'vi| _NiyayamaNuppehAo cattAri crittsNpnno|| - dhyAnazataka- 87. 01 AsavadArAvAe .............................. || - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 88. 611 sthAnAMgasUtra-4/1/72. For Personal & Private Use Only

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tattvArthasUtra meM kahA hai ki jIva karmavargaNAoM ke kAraNa bhaTakatA rahatA hai| isakA mukhya kAraNa hai- mithyAtva, avirati kaSAya, pramAda aura yoga / ina karmAsravoM ke bandha-hetuoM kA vicAra AsravAnuprekSA hai | 612 adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai- Azrava, arthAt karmoM ke Ane kA dvAra / mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya, yoga aura pramAda- ina pAMcoM ko hI Azrava ke pAMca dvAra kahate haiN| mithyAtvAdi pAMca dvAroM se, Artta evaM raudradhyAna se, rAga-dveSa evaM kaSAyoM ke kAraNa se, indriyoM kI viSayonmukhatA Adi ke mAdhyama se nirantara zubhAzubha karma baMdhate rahate haiM aura jIva ajJAna evaM mithyAtva ke andhakAra meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai| isa prakAra kA cintana-manana AzravApAyAnuprekSA kahalAtI hai | 13 samayasAra ke racayitA AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki mithyAtvAdi ke nimitta se jIva meM rAga-dveSa moha Adi utpanna hote haiM, isalie ve Asrava haiN| 614 isake alAvA svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA 15, dhyAnadIpikA ", dhyAnakalpatarU' 17, dhyAnavicAra 18 Adi granthoM meM bhI likhA hai ki Asrava ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA AsravAnuprekSA hai / 2. azubhAnuprekSA dhyAnazataka ke kRtikAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne kahA hai ki saMsAra ke azubhatva kA cintana-manana karanA azubhAnuprekSA hai| ise spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki vikArI - dazA yA vibhAva-dazA kI azubha kI koTi meM gaNanA kI gaI hai, kyoMki antatogatvA usakA pariNAma ahitakArI hI hotA hai| 19 sarvabhautika evaM para-padArthoM ke prati Asakti azubha hai, duHkharUpa hai evaM duHkhada phala ko dene vAlI hai para - padArthoM ke prati Asakti ke parityAga se hI Atmahita sambhava hai - aisA cintana karane se 'pRthaktva-vitarka - savicAra zukladhyAna balavAn hotA hai| I 612 613 AzravA'pAya 614 micchataM aviramaNaM - kasAya jogAya 618 --- mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakaSAyayogo bandha hetavaH / - tattvArthasUtra - 8 / 1. || adhyAtmasAra - 16/81. 619 615 moha vivAga - vasAdo 616 dhyAnadIpikA, gujarAtI bhASAntara, vijayakezarasUri, pR. 390. dhyAnakalpatarU, amolaka RSi, caturtha zAkhA, prathama patra, pR. 382. 617 dhyAnavicAra - savivecana, saM. kalApUrNasUri, pR. 36. saMsArAsuhANubhAvaM ca .. rAgadosAdibhAvakaro / / samayasAra, AsravAdhikAra, gAthA - 164-165. ... . aNeya - vihA / / svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA - 89. 206 / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 88. For Personal & Private Use Only

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207 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, saMsAra, deha aura bhogoM ke azubhatva kA vicAra karanA hI azubhAnuprekSA hai|620 __ adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai ki yaha saMsAra anAdi-anantakAla se calatA A rahA hai| samagra lokAkAza kI koI bhI aisI jagaha na hogI, jahAM jIva ne janma-maraNa na kiyA hogaa| ___ isa saMsAra-cakra ke paribhramaNa meM jIva anaMtAnaMta bhava kara cukA hai| anekAneka rizte-nAte jor3e, parantu ve sabhI sthAI na raha sake, inake pIche Asakta banakara bahuta duHkha evaM kaSTa bhoge, jabaki Atma-vaibhava evaM Atmika-sukha zAzvata haiM, hitakArI haiM tathA kalyANakArI haiM, phira bhI yaha jIva bhautika sukha-sAdhanoM ke pIche bhAgadaur3a karatA rahatA hai| isa prakAra, saMsAra ke svabhAva kA cintana hI azubhAnuprekSA hai|621 isake atirikta, svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, dhyAnadIpikA23. dhyAnakalpatarU24. dhyAnavicAra25 Adi granthoM meM likhA hai ki saMsAra duHkhamaya hai aura jIva sukha kI khoja meM anantakAla se bhaTaka rahA hai, parantu bhaTakana ke atirikta aura kucha bhI nahIM milaa| rAga-dveSAtmaka saMsAra kI azubhatA kA, asAratA kA samyak prakAra se vicAra karanA azubhAnuprekSA hai| 3. anantavarttitAnuprekSA - dhyAnazataka ke kartA ne kahA hai ki anantatA kA vicAra-vimarza karanA- vaha anantavarttitatAnuprekSA hai|626 saMsAraparibhramaNa ke kAraNa mithyAtva, rAga-dveSa mohAdi haiN| unameM bhI mithyAtva pramukha hai| jaba taka jIva kI dRSTi mithyAtva se malina rahatI hai, taba taka vaha jIva mithyAdRSTi aura aparItasaMsArI hotA hai, usakA saMsAra ananta banA rahatA hai| isake viparIta, jisakI dRSTi mithyAtvajanita kAluSya kA tyAga kara samIcInatA ko prApta kara letI hai, usa samyagdRSTi jIva kA saMsAra sImita ho jAtA hai, taba vaha ananta saMsArI na 040 sthAnAMgasUtra, saM. muni madhukara, caturtha sthAna, prathama uddezaka, sUtra- 72. pa. 226. 621 saMsArAnubhAva .................................... || - adhyAtmasAra- 16/81. 622 savvaMpi hodi Narae khetta-sahAveNa dukkhadaM asuhN|| kuvidA vi savva-kAlaM aNNoNNaM hodi nneriyaa|| - svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA- 38. 623 dhyAnadIpikA, gujarAtI bhASAntara pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 390. 024 dhyAnakalpatarU, caturtha zAkhA, dvitIya-patra, pR. 384. 625 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 36. 020 bhavasaMtANamaraNantaM ....................... || - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 88. For Personal & Private Use Only

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208 rahakara jyAdA-se-jyAdA arddhapudgala-pariNAma saMsAravAlA ho jAtA hai| yahAM eka bAta samajhane lAyaka hai ki abhavya kA saMsAra ananta hI rahatA hai, unakA saMsAra-paribhramaNa banA hI rahatA hai- isa prakAra kA cintana karanA anantavartikAnuprekSA nAmaka tIsarI anuprekSA hai|627 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kI anantatA kA vicAra karanA anantavRttitAnuprekSA kahalAtI hai| 28 adhyAtmasAra meM likhA hai ki bhavasantati, arthAt janma-maraNa kI paramparA avicchinna rUpa se calI A rahI hai| 29 anAdikAla se jIva mithyAtva aura kaSAya ke kAraNa saMsAra meM bhaTaka rahA hai, usane anantAnanta bhava vyatIta kie haiM- isa prakAra kA cintana-manana karanA hI anantavarttitAnuprekSA hai|630 dhyAnadIpikA, dhyAnakalpatarU32, dhyAnavicAra33 Adi granthoM meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| jIva kI ananta saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karane kI jo pravRtti rahatI hai, usase nivRtti hone kA vicAra anantavarttitAnuprekSA hai| 4. vipariNAmAnuprekSA - dhyAnazataka meM likhA hai ki padArtha kI paryAyoM ke pariNamana se hone vAle pariNAma para cintana karanA vipariNAmAnuprekSA hai| saMsAra meM dRzyamAn asaMkhya vastueM haiM, cAhe ve jar3a hoM, athavA cetana, unameM pratipala-pratikSaNa parivartana hotA rahatA hai| Aja jo vastu yA padArtha sundara manamohaka evaM acche lagate haiM, ve hI kala asundara, amanojJa athavA bure lagane lagate haiN| unake parivartanoM ko dekhakara Azcarya yA sammoha nahIM honA hI vipariNAma anuprekSA hai|834 627 prastuta sandarbha dhyAnazataka (saM. bAlacandrazAstrI) pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 47. 628 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 72, pR. 226. 623 bhavasaMtatIH ............................ || - adhyAtmasAra- 16/81. 630 (ka) saMsAro paMcaviho dave khatte taheva kAle y| bhavabhamaNo ya cauttho paMcamao bhAva sNsaaro|| baMdha maMcadi jIvo ............. saMsaraNaM jeNa nnaasei|| - svAmIkArtikeyAnaprekSA, gAthA-66-67. (kha) svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA gAthA- 66-72 kI saMskRta TIkA, pR. 37-39. 831 dhyAnadIpikA, pR. 391. 632 dhyAnakalpatarU, caturtha zAkhA, tRtIya patra, pR. 387. 633 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 36. 634 AsavadArAvAe taha saMsArAsuhANubhAvaM c| bhavasaMtANamaNantaM vatthUNaM vipariNAmaM c|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 88. For Personal & Private Use Only

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209 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, vastuoM ke vividha pariNamanoM kA vicAra karanA hI vipariNAmAnuprekSA hai|635 adhyAtmasAra 36 meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne kahA hai ki saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu pariNamanazIla hai| cetana athavA acetana padArthoM kI asthiratA kA cintana isa prakAra karanA cAhie ki sarvasthAna azAzvata haiM, sarvadravya pariNAmI haiM aura sarvaparyAya parivartanazIla haiN|637 saMsAra nAzavAn hai, ataH bhautika sAdhanoM kA AkarSaNa bhI kSaNika hai| jo kisI samaya bahuta bar3I sampatti kA mAlika thA, lekina Aja usake pAsa kucha nahIM hai| bar3e-bar3e mahaloM va majabUta aura abhedya kile Aja vIrAna khaNDahara par3e haiN| bacapana meM khela rucikara lagate the, para Aja nahIM, jahAM javAnI meM joza thA, vahIM Aja vRddhAvasthA kA roga hai| kisI samaya zarIra atyanta rUpavAn thA, kintu usI para Aja kurUpatA chA gaI hai| rizte-nAte sabhI badalate haiM, Aja jo atyadhika priya hai, kala vahI ghora zatru bana jAtA hai| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki saMsAra meM kucha bhI zAzvata nahIM hai| isa prakAra kA vicAra-vimarza karanA vipariNAma anuprekSA hai| AvazyakacUrNi638. svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA39. dhyAnadIpikA dhyAnakalpatarU", dhyAnavicAra 42 Adi granthoM meM zukladhyAna kI cauthI vipariNAmAnuprekSA kA paryApta varNana milatA hai| saMkSepa meM, yahI samajhanA hai ki padArthoM kA pratikSaNa vividha rUpoM meM pariNamana hotA rahatA hai, isa prakAra usakI pratikSaNa parivartanazIla yathArtha kA cintana-manana karanA vipariNAmAnuprekSA hai| ukta anuprekSAeM sAmAnya sAdhaka ke lie sarala nahIM hai, kyoMki ati sUkSma -dhyAna mAtra Antarika-anubhUtiyoM kA viSaya hai| jo mahAn adhyAtmayogI uccatama guNasthAnoM ko prApta kara cuke haiM, ve yogI hI isakI anubhUti kara sakate haiN| kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ne 635 sukkassaNaM jhANassa cattAri aNuppehAo paNNattAo , taM jahA-aNaMtavatiyANuppehA vippariNAmA NuppehA, azubhANuppehA, avaayaannupphaa|| - sthAnAMgasUtra-4/1/72. 636 aashrvaa'paaysNsaaraa-nubhaavbhvsnttiiH| arthe vipariNAmaM vaa'nupshyecchuklvishrme|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/80. 637 prastuta sandarbha adhyAtmasAra pustaka se uddhRta, anu. DaoN. prItidarzanA, pR. 621. imAo puNa se cattAri ............... aNaMtatta savvabhAvavipariNAmittaM / / - AvazyakacUrNi. 639 puttovi bhAu jAo so ciya ......... dhmmrhidaannN| - svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, gAthA- 64-65. 640 dhyAnadIpikA, pR. 391. 641 dhyAnakalpatarU, caturtha zAkhA, caturtha patra, pR. 39. 642 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 36. For Personal & Private Use Only

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210 dhyAnazataka ke sampAdakIya meM likhA hai ki jisa prakAra zukladhyAna ke lakSaNa aura Alambana zukladhyAna kI antima sthiti taka rahate haiM, usI prakAra anuprekSAeM antima samaya taka nahIM rahatI haiM, kAraNa yaha hai ki anuprekSAoM yA bhAvanAoM kI AvazyakatAeM vahAM hotI hai, jahAM adhUrApana ho, samasyA kA samAdhAna DhUMDhanA ho, vikAra yA azuddhi ko samApta karanA ho| yaha sthiti mAtra zukladhyAna ke prathama caraNa 'pRthaktva-vitarka-savicAra' taka hI rahatI hai| zukladhyAna ke agale caraNoM meM pUrNa nirvikAra-avasthA A jAtI hai, ataH anuprekSA kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai|643 paramAtmaprakAza meM kahA gayA hai ki nirmala citta meM paramAtmA ke darzana ThIka usI prakAra hote haiM, jisa prakAra nirmala AkAza meM sUrya ke 1644 isa prakAra kA dhyAna karane vAlA yogI anta meM svayaM hI nirmala paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| lezyA-dvAra - citta meM utpanna viSaya-vikAra ke vicAra ko lezyA kahate haiN| jinake kAraNa jIva karmalipta hotA hai, unheM sthAnAMgavRtti meM lezyA kahA hai|645 ____ AcArAMgasUtra meM likhA hai- lezyA, arthAt AtmA kA pariNAma, adhyavasAya -vizeSa hai|646 lezyA ke svarUpa ke sandarbha meM jaina-cintakoM meM kucha vibhinnatAeM haiM 1- lezyA yoga-pariNAma hai|647 2- lezyA karma-vipAka hai|648 3- lezyA kaSAya-rUpa hai|649 643 dhyAnazataka, saM. - kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pR. 116. 64 paramAtmaprakAza- 1/1/9. 645 (ka) lizyate prANI karmaNA yayA sA leshyaa| - sthAnAMgavRtti, patra- 29. (kha) liMpaI appIkIraI ............. | - go. jI./a. 15/gA. 489. 646 adhyavasAye, AtmanaH pariNAma vizeSe, antHkrnnvRttau| 647 yogapariNAmo leshyaa| - sthAnAMgavRtti, patra- 29. 648 karma niSyando leshyaa| - uttarAdhyayana kI bRhavRtti, adhyAya- 34 kI TIkA. 649 te ca paramArthataH kaSAya-svarUpA evN| - paNNavaNA, pada- 17, malayagirI TIkA. For Personal & Private Use Only

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lezyA ke sandarbha meM jaineMdrasiddhAntakoza meM kahA gayA hai ki jIva ko karma-vargaNAoM se lipta karane vAlA hetu lezyA hai| "0 paMcasaMgraha 51 meM bhI yahI likhA hai ki jaise Ama-piSTa se mizrita gerU miTTI ke lepa dvArA dIvAra raMgI jAtI hai, vaise hI zubha-azubha bhAvarUpa lezyA ke mAdhyama se AtmA ke pariNAma lipta hote haiN|652 __ sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMgasUtra, prajJApanA 55 uttarAdhyayana56, Adi Agama granthoM meM lezyA ke cha: prakAroM kA ullekha milatA hai| ina lezyAoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- kRSNalezyA, nIlalezyA, kApotalezyA, tejolezyA, padmalezyA aura zuklalezyA / dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka unnabe (89) meM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne zukladhyAna meM kauna-kaunasI lezyA hotI hai- isako spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa meM zuklalezyA, tRtIya caraNa meM paramazuklalezyA hotI hai, kintu zukladhyAna kA antima caraNa lezyAtIta hotA hai| kucha vicArakoM kA kahanA hai ki zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNoM meM jIva alezI hotA hai, arthAt lezyA se pare hotA hai, kevala prathama do caraNoM meM hama lezyA mAna sakate haiN| cUMki tRtIya caraNa meM sthUla aura sUkSma- donoM hI manoyoga niruddha ho jAte haiM, ataH zukladhyAna ke tIsare tathA cauthe caraNa meM jIva ko alezI mAnanA caahie| prathama caraNa meM virtaka aura vicAra hone se tathA dvitIya caraNa meM mAtra vitarka hone se lezyA kI sattA mAnanA cAhie, jabaki dhyAnazataka ke kartA ne yaha mAnA hai ki zailezI avasthA meM sthita AtmA sumeru parvata se bhI adhika niSprakampa hone ke kAraNa usameM nirvikalpa paramazukla-avasthA hotI hai, ataH zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNoM meM hI zuklalezyA kI saMbhAvanA mAna sakate haiN| adhyAtmasAra:57, dhyAnadIpikA 58 meM bhI isI bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai| 650 jaineMdra zabdakoza, bhAga- 3, pR. 422. 651 paMcasaMgraha- 1/143. 652 prastuta sandarbha lezyA aura manovijJAna pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 25. 653 chalesAo paNNattAo, taM jahA-kaNhalesA, NIlalesA, teulesA, pamhalesA, sukklesaa| - sthAnAMgasUtra, madhukaramuni- 6/47. samavAyAMga, 6 sama. 059 prajJApanAsUtra, pada- 17. uttarAdhyayana, adhyAya- 34. For Personal & Private Use Only

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212 saMkSepa meM, itanA hI samajhanA hai ki jIva zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa meM zuklalezyAyukta tRtIya caraNa meM paramazuklalezyAyukta tathA antima caraNa meM lezyArahita hotA hai| cAra dhyAnoM meM lezyA -Agama-sAhitya meM aneka sthAnoM para lezyA zabda kA prayoga haA hai| AtmA se karma-vargaNAoM kA saMyoga ho jAnA lezyA hai| tattvArtharAjavArtika meM lezyA kI paribhASA karate hue AcArya aMkalaka likhate haiM- kaSAyodaya se raMjita yoga-pravRtti lezyA hai| AtmA ke azuddha aura zuddha adhyavasAyoM kI dRSTi se ise kRSNa, nIla, kApota, pIta, padma aura zukla ke nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai|659 lezyA ke cha: bhedoM kA saMkSipta varNana isa prakAra hai1. kRSNalezyA - kRSNalezI jIva ke adhyavasAyoM meM kaSAyoM kI tIvratama sthiti hotI hai| 2. nIlalezyA - nIlalezI jIva meM aise adhyavasAya paidA hote haiM, jisase vaha dUsaroM se dveSa, IrSyA, asahiSNutA, chala-kapaTa, corI Adi karane lagatA hai| 3. kApotalezyA - kApotalezI jIvoM meM bhI kaSAyoM ke pariNAma to tIvra hote haiM, lekina ve kRSNa, nIla kI apekSA kama hote haiN| 4. tejolezyA - tejolezyA vAlI AtmA meM aise adhyavasAyoM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai, jisase vaha vinayI, vivekI aura namra bana jAtA hai, use karttavya-akarttavya kA bhAna hone lagatA hai tathA vaha dayA-dAna lokahita kI pravRtti meM tatpara rahatA hai| 5. padmalezyA - padmalezI jIva ke adhyavasAya tejolezyA vAle jIvoM ke adhyavasAyoM se bhI adhika zubha hote haiN| isa lezyA meM kaSAya manda ho jAtI hai tathA jIva yama-niyama-zIla ke pAlana meM udyamazIla banatA hai, prazAnta citta vAlA hotA hai| 6. zuklalezyA - zuklalezI jIva ke manoyoga, vacanayoga evaM kAyayoga kI pravRtti meM saralatA aura sahajatA A jAtI hai| usakI kaSAya upazAnta rahatI hai, usameM 657 dvayo zuklA tRtIye ca lezyA sA paramA mtaa| ___ caturthaH zuklabhedastu lezyAtItaH prakIrtitaH / / - adhyAtmasAra- 16/82. 658 dhyAnadIpikA, pR. 391. 659 kaSAyodayaraMjitA yogprvRttileshyaa| - tattvArtharAjavArttika- 2/6. For Personal & Private Use Only

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213 vItarAga-bhAva meM sthira rahane kI kSamatA prakaTa ho jAtI hai, vaha zreSThatama zubha yA zuddha pariNAma vAlA hotA hai| prazamaratiprakaraNa meM jAmuna khAne ke icchuka vyaktiyoM ke udAharaNa dvArA adhyavasAyoM kI tIvra, manda tathA madhyama adhyavasAyoM kI tulanA kI gaI hai|880 dhyAnazataka ke antargata AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ArtadhyAnI dhyAnavartI jIva kI lezyA tathA unake pariNAma kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM ki ArtadhyAnI jIvoM ke karmodaya se utpanna huI kApota, nIla aura kRSNa-lezyAeM raudradhyAna kI apekSA kucha kama saMkliSTa pariNAma vAlI hotI haiN|61 Age, granthakAra gAthA kramAMka paccIsa meM raudradhyAnI meM pAI jAne vAlI lezyAoM kA ullekha karate hue kahate haiM ki raudradhyAna se grasta jIvoM meM bhI kApota, nIla aura kRSNa- ye tIna azubha lezyAeM hI hotI haiM, parantu ArtadhyAnI kI apekSA atisaMkliSTa pariNAma vAlI evaM dUsaroM ke ahita meM pravRtta hotI hai| ye lezyAeM karma-paripAkajanita hotI haiN|662_ dharmadhyAna meM sthita jIvoM meM kramazaH vizuddhi pradAna karAne vAlI pIta, padma aura zukla-lezyAeM hotI haiN| pariNAmoM kI apekSA se ye bhI tIvratA, mandatA ke bhedoM se yukta hotI haiN|663 dhyAnazataka ke anusAra, zukladhyAna ke prathama do staroM meM zukla, tRtIya stara meM paramazukla tathA carama stara meM jIva alezI hotA hai|664 660 (ka) tAH kRSNanIlakApotataijasIpadmazuklanAmAnaH / zleSa iva varNabandhasya karmabandhasthitividhAtryaH || - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 38. (kha) SaT lezyA:-manasaH prinnaambhedaa| sa ca prinnaamstiivro'dhyvsaayo'shubho|| jambUphalabhukSuSaTpurUSadRSTAntAdisAdhyaH / / - prazamaratiprakaraNa TIkA, gAthA- 38, pR. 30. 661 kAvoya-nIla-kAlAlessAo nnaaisNkilitttthaao| ahajjhANovagayassa kmprinnaamjnniaao|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 14. 662 kAvoya-nIla-kAlAlessAo tivvsNkilitttthaao| roddajjhANovagayassa kmmprinnaamjnniaao|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 25. 663 hoti kama visuddhAo lesAo piiy-pmm-sukkaao| dhammajjhANovagayassa tivv-mNdaaibheyaao|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 66. 664 sukkAe lesAe do tatiyaM prmsukklessaae| thirayAjiyaselesaM lesAIyaM prmsukkN|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 89. 665 avahA-'saMmoha-vivega-viusaggA tassa hoMti liNgaaii| liMgijjai jehiM muNI sukkjjhaannovgycitto|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 90. For Personal & Private Use Only

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214 liMga-dvAra - jainadarzana meM veda aura liMga meM antara mAne gae haiN| veda kA sambandha strI-puruSa-naMpusaka sambandhI kAmavAsanA se hai, jabaki liMga kA sambandha zArIrika saMracanA se hai, kintu dhyAnazataka grantha ke granthakAra ne liMgadvAra meM mukhya rUpa se vyakti ke vAsanAtmaka-pakSa ko hI liyA hai| gAthA kramAMka nabbe meM zukladhyAna ke liMga kA nirUpaNa karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki avadha, asammoha, viveka aura vyutsarga- ye cAra zukladhyAna ke liMga haiN| inase muni ke citta kA zukladhyAna meM saMlagna honA sUcita hotA hai|685 kAmavAsanA nauveM guNasthAna taka sambhava hai| dasaveM guNasthAna meM vAsanA samApta ho jAtI hai, mAtra zArIrika-saMracanA ke rUpa meM liMga rahatA hai| zvetAmbara-paramparA isa stara para tInoM liMgoM kI sattA mAnatI hai, jabaki digambara-paramparA mAtra puruSaliMga ko hI mAnatI hai| zukladhyAna ke cAroM staroM kA vivecana pIche kiyA jA cukA hai| isa liMgadvAra ke antargata hameM sirpha itanA hI samajha lenA hai ki zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa meM zubha kA bhAva rahatA hai, kintu antima do meM ye bhAva-liMga bhI nahIM rahate haiN| dharmadhyAna kI sthiti meM puNyabandha kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai, lekina zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNa meM ye sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI haiN| zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNa meM ekAnta-nirjarA kI hI sthiti rahatI hai, ataH liMgadvAra kI apekSA se yaha samajhanA cAhie ki zukladhyAna ke pahale do caraNoM meM hI liMgadvAra kI sambhAvanA hai, antima do caraNoM meM liMgadvAra sambhava nahIM hai| cAhe hama liMga zabda kA artha veza athavA lakSaNa kareM, usase koI pharka nahIM, lekina yadi liMga kA artha zArIrika-saMracanA yA strI-puruSa-naMpusakarUpa zarIra se ho, to hameM yaha samajhanA hogA ki zvetAmbara-paramparA ke anusAra terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM tInoM liMga (strI, puruSa, naMpusaka) ho sakate haiM, jabaki digambara-paramparA ke anusAra terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM mAtra puruSaliMga hI hotA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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Alambana-dvAra - dhyAnazataka ke kartA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa zukladhyAna ke Alambana kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM ki jinamata meM kSamA, mArdava, Arjava tathA mukti Adi guNoM kI pramukhatA rahI hai| ye Alambana kahe gae haiM, jinakA AdhAra lekara zramaNa zukladhyAna meM ArUr3ha hotA hai|666 zukladhyAna ke AlambanadvAra ke mukhya pratipAdya viSaya kSamA, mRdutA, RjutA aura nirlobhatA Adi dasa dharma haiN|667 yadyapi ye dasa dharma dharmadhyAna ke bhI Alambana mAne jA sakate haiM, kintu unheM zukladhyAna kA Alambana isalie mAnA jAtA hai ki dharmadhyAna ke AdhAra para hI zukladhyAna kA vikAsa hotA hai| dUsarA yaha ki ye dasa dharma kaSAyoM ko upazAnta karane ke lie evaM AtmA kI pavitratA ke lie bhI AdhArabhUta haiN| __ zukladhyAna kA saMbaMdha AtmA kI pavitratA se hai, isalie inheM zukladhyAna ke Alambana ke rUpa meM kahA hai, phira bhI hameM yaha samajha lenA cAhie ki zukladhyAna kA mukhya lakSya to mana ko amana kI sthiti meM le jAnA hai aura mana ko amana (nirvikalpa) banAne ke lie sarvaprathama use azubha se zubha meM niyojita karanA hogA, tatpazcAt vaha zuddha meM jAegA, isalie Alambana arthAt AdhAra ke rUpa meM ina dasa dharmoM ko zukladhyAna ke Alambana ke rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai| jIvAtmA ne sabhI duSpravRttiyoM kA tyAga kara mAtra AtmasvarUpa kA Alambana liyA hai| usakA dhyAna hI sarvopari dhyAna hai|688 zukladhyAna ke AlambanoM ke svarUpa kI Age vistAra se carcA kI jA rahI hai| krama-dvAra - yoga-sAdhanA kramAnusAra karanA cAhie, jisakA krama isa prakAra 1. citta kI nirmalatA 866 aha khaMti-maddava-'jjava-muttIo jinnmypphaannaao| AlaMbaNAI jehiM sukkajjhANaM smaaruuhi|| - dhyAnazataka- 69. 667 (ka) uttamaH kSamA-mArdavA''rjava .................. || - tattvArthasUtra- 9/7. ) sevyaH kSAntimArdavamArjavazauce ca sNymtyaagau| satyatapobrahmAkiJcanyAnItyeSa dharmavidhiH / / - prazamaratiprakaraNa, gAthA- 171. 668 appasarUvAlabaNabhAveNa du savvabhAvaparihAraM ............ || - niyamasAra- 119. For Personal & Private Use Only

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216 2. cittavRtti kI sthiratA aura usameM tnmytaa| 3. yognirodh|669 zukladhyAna kA mukhya lakSya dhyeya viSayoM ko saMkSipta karate hue mana ko nirvikalpatA kI sthiti meM le jAnA hai, athavA mana ko amana banA denA hai| dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka sattara meM granthakartA jinabhadragaNi ne kahA hai ki zukladhyAna ke prathama tIna caraNoM meM dhyAna ke viSayoM ko kramazaH saMkSipta karate hue anta meM cetanA ko niSkampa banAyA jAtA hai|670 pahale zarIra ko sthira kiyA jAtA hai, phira kramazaH vacana kA nirodha aura anta meM sthUla mana kA nirodha kiyA jAtA hai| zukladhyAna ke jo cAra caraNa haiM, unameM kramazaH sthUla-kAyayoga, phira sthUla-vacanayoga aura usake bAda sthUla-manoyoga kA nirodha hotA hai, phira agrima caraNa meM sUkSma-kAyayoga ke saMyoga se sarvaprathama sUkSma-manoyoga kA nirodha hotA hai, tatpazcAt sUkSma-manoyoga ke saMyoga se sUkSma -vacanayoga kA nirodha hotA hai aura anta meM sUkSma-kAyayoga kA bhI nirodha karake nirvANa ko prApta kiyA jAtA hai|71 ___ isa krama se zukladhyAna meM yoganirodha kI prakriyA calatI hai, isameM jo krama batAyA gayA hai, usameM vyatikrama sambhava nahIM hai| dhyAnavicAra72 grantha ke antargata yaha likhA hai ki citta ko prathama tIna bhuvana -rUpI viSaya meM vyApta karake, tatpazcAt usameM se eka vastu meM saMkucita karate haiM, phira usa vastu kI eka paryAya para kendrita karate haiM, tadanantara usa vastu kI eka paryAya meM se bhI citta ko haTA liyA jAtA hai, isa sthiti ko paramazUnya bhI kahA jAtA hai|73 cAra dhyAnoM ke phaladvAra - dhyAnazataka meM batAyA gayA hai ki ArttadhyAna rAga-dveSa evaM moha kI pariNati vAle jIvoM ko hI hotA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa ArttadhyAna 611 669 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana pustaka ke granthaparicaya se uddhRta, pR. 57. 670 tihuyaNavisaMya kamaso saMkhiviu maNo aNuMmi chumttho| ___ jhAyai sunippakaMpo jhANaM amaNo jiNo hoI / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 70. (ka) adhyAtmAra- 16/34. (kha) jJAnArNava- 39/43-49. (ga) dhyAnadIpikA- 19. 672 parama-zUnyaM-tribhuvanaviSaya-vyApi ceto vidhaay| . ___ ekavastuviSayatayA saMkocya ttstsmaadpypniiyte|| - dhyAnavicAra, mUlapATha-4. 073 dhyAnavicAra savivecana pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 45. For Personal & Private Use Only

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ke dhyAtA marakara tiryaMcagati ko prApta hote haiM aura janma-maraNa kI zrRMkhalA ke kAraNa saMsAra - paribhramaNa meM vRddhi hotI hai / 674 raudradhyAnI jIva kI rAga-dveSa aura moha kI pariNati atitIvra hotI hai, isalie raudradhyAna kA dhyAtA marakara narakagati kA adhikArI banatA hai 1975 dharmadhyAnI jIva ke karmaphala kA svarUpa batAte hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki zubhAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA tathA devaloka kI Rddhi dharmadhyAnavarttI jIvoM ko prApta hotI hai| 676 zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNoM kA phala anuttara devaloka kA sukha tathA antima do caraNoM kA phala nirvANa arthAta mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| 677 dazavaikAlikacUrNi ke antargata bhI yahI kahA gayA hai ki ArttadhyAna kA phala tiryaMcagati, raudradhyAna kA phalaM narakagati, dharmadhyAna kA phala devagati aura zukladhyAna kA phala siddhagati arthAt mokSasukha hotA hai| 578 ArttadhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM likhA hai ki ArttadhyAna kA mUlabhUta kAraNa vyakti kI icchAeM, AkAMkSAeM tathA apekSAeM hotI haiN| ArttadhyAna meM sAmAnyatayA vyakti yaha cintana karatA hai ki mujhe amuka paristhiti, vyakti yA vastu kI prApti ho - isa prakAra vaha cAha aura cintA meM jItA hai| isI ko bauddha - paramparA meM tRSNA kahA gayA hai aura ve isa tRSNA ko nirvANa meM bAdhaka mAnate haiM / bauddha - darzana ke anusAra, janma-maraNa kA kAraNa tRSNA hai| rAga, dveSa evaM moha se tRSNA utpanna hotI hai aura tRSNA se hI rAga, dveSa aura moha panapatA hai| una rAga-dveSa se 674 (ka) eyaM cauvvihaM rAga-dosa- mohAMkiyassa jIvassa / aTThajjhANaM saMsAravaddhaNaM tiriyagaimUlaM / / (kha) amitagati zrAvakAcAra, pari. 15. 675 eyaM cauvvihaM rAga-dosa mohAMkiyassa jIvassa / 676 - roddajjhANaM saMsAravadvaNa narayagaimUlaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 24. hoMti suhAsa-saMvara - viNijjarA'marasuhAiM viulAI / jhANavarassa phalAI suhANubaMdhINi dhammassa / / 677 teya viseseNa subhAsavAdao'NuttarAmarasuhaM ca / dohaM sukkANa phalaM parinivvANaM parillANaM / / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 94. 'adveNa tirikkhagaI rUddajjhANeNa gammatInarayaM / dhammeNadevaloyaM siddhigaI sukkajjhANeNaM / / - dazavaikAlikacUrNi, a. - 1/1. 678 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 10. 217 dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 93. For Personal & Private Use Only

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218 lipta vyakti zubhAzubha karma karatA rahatA hai aura karma ke pariNAmasvarUpa janma-maraNa hotA rahatA hai| rAga-dveSa kA nirodha hone para janma-maraNa kI paramparA kA bhI nirodha ho jAtA dUsare zabdoM meM, rAga-dveSa kA nirodha bhava (janma-maraNa) kA nirodha hotA hai aura bhava kA nirodha hI nirvANa hai|79 rAga, dveSa aura moha se viyoga pAnA hI nirvANa hai|680 nirvANa bujhe hue dIpaka ke samAna hai| ____ bhagavAna buddha ne kahA hai- 'bhikSuoM ! jaba taka dIe meM tela aura bAtI hai, taba taka dIyA jalatA hai aura ina donoM ke abhAva meM dIyA bujha jAtA hai, ThIka usI prakAra tRSNA ke kSaya se janma-maraNa kI kriyA bhI samApta ho jAtI hai, vedanAeM zAnta ho jAtI haiN|681 sAmAnyatayA, saba yaha mAnate haiM ki tRSNA duHkha kA kAraNa hai aura isalie ve vAsanA kI pUrti ke mAdhyama se tRSNA kI santuSTi cAhate haiM, kintu hama yaha bhI jAnate haiM ki vyakti kI tRSNA athavA AkAMkSA, apekSA Adi kabhI pUrI nahIM hotI hai, eka icchA yA AkAMkSA ke pUrI hone se pahale hI dUsarI AkAMkSA yA icchA janma le letI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra82 meM kahA hai- 'icchA hu AgAsasamA aNaMtiyA', arthAt manuSya kI icchAeM AkAza ke samAna ananta haiN| jaise AkAza kA kahIM Ara-pAra nahIM hai, vaise hI icchAoM kA bhI kahIM anta nahIM hai| manuSya eka icchA ko pUrI karanA prAraMbha karatA hai, usa icchA ko vaha pUrI bhI nahIM kara pAtA ki anya aneka naI icchAeM jAgrata ho jAtI haiN| icchAeM pyAja ke samAna haiN| jaba pyAja kA UparI chilakA utArate haiM, to usa chilake ke nIce punaH eka chilakA A jAtA hai, dUsare chilake ko utArate hI phira tIsarA chilakA A jAtA hai, jaise-jaise chilake utArate jAte haiM, vaise-vaise punaH navIna chilakAM prakaTa hotA jAtA hai, ThIka aisI hI sthiti icchA kI bhI hai| eka icchA ko pUrI karate haiM, to usI ke pazcAt punaH eka navIna icchA jAgrata ho jAtI hai, phira dUsarI, tIsarI, cauthI- isa prakAra koI bhI icchA antima nahIM hotI hai| jyoM-jyoM samudra ke khAre pAnI ko piyA jAe, tyoM-tyoM pyAsa zAnta hone ke 679 saMyuktanikAya, pR. 117. 680 yo kho Atuso dosakkhayo mohakkhoga iti indraM pucAti nibbAnaM / - suttanipAta- 5/11. majjhimanikAya- 1/3/7. 682 uttarAdhyayanasUtra. For Personal & Private Use Only

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219 sthAna para aura adhika lagane laga jAtI hai, yahI sthiti icchAoM se tRpti pAne ke sandarbha meM hai| visuddhimagga ke anusAra, bhItara jaTA (tRSNA, icchA) hai, bAhara jaTA hai, cAroM ora se yaha saba prajA jaTA se jakar3I huI hai|683 kisI ne kahA hai- 'tRSNA na jIrNAH vyameva jItA', arthAt tRSNA kabhI samApta nahIM hotii| vyakti vRddhAvasthA ko prApta ho jAtA hai, aMga galita hone lagate haiM, sira ke bAla sapheda ho jAte haiM, muMha kI dantapaMkti gira jAtI hai, binA lakar3I ke sahAre cala nahIM sakatA, phira bhI Azcaryayukta bAta to yaha hai ki vaha icchAoM yA AkAMkSAoM ko nahIM chor3atA hai|684 binA icchA, AkAMkSA aura apekSA ko chor3e tRSNA se mukta honA sambhava nahIM hai, ataH saMkSipta meM kaheM, to ArtadhyAna ke cintana kA AdhAra vyakti kI tRSNA hI hotI hai| ArttadhyAna para vijaya pAne ke lie tRSNA kA tyAga Avazyaka hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki jo vyakti saMsAra kI pipAsA, tRSNA se rahita hai, usake lie kucha bhI kaThina nahIM hai|685 mAnava jaba tRSNA se pIr3ita hotA hai, usa samaya yadi use sonA-cAMdI tathA dhanadhAnya Adi se bharA samasta vizva bhI de diyA jAe, taba bhI vaha santuSTa nahIM hogaa|686 bauddha-paramparA ke mahAsatipaTThAna meM yaha mAnA gayA hai ki tRSNA ke tyAga ke binA nirvANa kI prApti sambhava nhiiN| yaha tRSNA tIna prakAra kI hotI hai 1. kAmatRSNA, 2. bhavatRSNA , 2. vibhavatRSNA / 87 bhogyavastu tathA bhoktA kA viyoga na ho, unakA ucchedana na ho- yaha lAlasA tRSNA kahalAtI hai| yaha lAlasA jitanI gaharI hotI hai, utanA hI gaharA duHkha hotA hai| 683 anto jaTA bahi jaTA, jaTAya jaTitA pjaa| - visuddhimagga. 684 aMga galitaM palItaM muMDa, dazana vihinaM jAtaM tuNDam vRddho yAti gRhItvA daNDam, tadapi na muJcatyAsA piNDam / / - bhartRhari 685 halaloe nippivAsassanatthi kiMci vi dukkrN|| - uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 19/45. 06 kasiNaM pi jo imaM loyaM paDipaNNaM ................. || - vahI-8/16. 887 seyyathidaM, kAmataNhA, bhavataNhA, vibhvtnnhaa| - mahAsatipaTTAna. For Personal & Private Use Only

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220 samasta duHkhoM kI jar3a yaha tRSNA hI hai| viSaya-vAsanAoM, kAmanAoM ko jagAne vAlI icchA kAmatRSNA kahI jAtI hai| apane astitva ko sadA banAe rakhane kI tRSNA bhavatRSNA kahalAtI hai| duHkha saMvedanarUpa viSayoM ke samparka ko lekara jo vinAza-sambandhI icchA udita hotI hai, vaha vibhavatRSNA ke rUpa meM jAnI jAtI hai| tRSNA binA peMde kA rikta pAtra hai, use bharane ke lie koI kitanA hI jala DAle, vaha kabhI nahIM bhrtaa| tRSNA kI pUrti ke lie koI kitanA hI prayatna kare, vaha pUrNa nahIM hotii| dUsare zabdoM meM, apane se bhinna para-padArthoM ko pAne kI lAlasA tRSNA kahalAtI hai| jo sAdhaka tRSNA para vijaya prApta kara letA hai, usake duHkha usI prakAra samApta ho jAte haiM, jisa prakAra kamala ke patte se jala gira jAtA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM likhA hai ki saMsAra kI tRSNA bhayaMkara phala dene vAlI viSa-vela hai|688 __ jainadarzana ne uparyukta kAmatRSNA, bhavatRSNA evaM vibhavatRSNA- ina tInoM ko hI ArttadhyAna ke cintana kA viSaya mAnA hai| kahIM-kahIM ise ArtadhyAna kA Alambana bhI kahA gayA hai, kyoMki icchA, AkAMkSA, apekSA Adi ke AdhAra para hI ArttadhyAna hotA hai aura yaha sabhI tRSNA ke hI vibhinna rUpa haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM, zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparzAdi viSayoM kA viyoga na ho jAe, inakA saMyoga banA rahe, isa zarIra meM kisI bhI prakAra kI vyAdhi na ho, roga pIr3ita hone para usake viyoga kI punaH-punaH cintana karanA, bhaviSya meM kyA-kyA milanA cAhie, isakI kalpanA- ina bhAvoM ke sAtha dharmadhyAna Adi kriyA karanA- ye saba ArtadhyAna ke mukhya kAraNa haiN| prazamaratiprakaraNa meM likhA hai ki iSTa kA viyoga, aniSTa kA saMyoga, sAMsArika-sukha pAne ke lie samagra vizva ke viSayoM kI abhIpsA, unakA viyoga na ho, isalie rAta-dina parizrama karanA, bAra-bAra usI cintana meM lage rahanA- ye saba ArtadhyAna ke hI cintana haiN|689 zarIra meM vedanA na ho aura yadi vedanAgrasita hai, to kisI bhI upAya se isakA viyoga ho jAe, nirantara isI meM DUbe rahanA ArttadhyAna hai, lekina uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM 888 bhavataNhA layA vuttA bhImA bhiimphlodyaa| tamuddharittu jahAnAyaM viharAmi mhaamunnii|| - uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 23/48. 689 iSTaviyogApriyasaMprayoga... ......... || - prazamaratiprakaraNa- 124, 125. For Personal & Private Use Only

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bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki aneka bhavoM meM ananta bAra yaha jIva zArIrika tathA mAnasika rUpa se bhayaMkara vedanAoM ko sahana karatA rahatA hai, duHkhoM aura bhaya se pIr3ita hotA hai ,690 jainasiddhAntadIpikA meM batAyA gayA hai ki iSTa zabdAdi indriyoM ke viSayoM kA viyoga aniSTa zabdAdi indriyoM ke viSayoM kA saMyoga hone para ronA, Akrandana karanA, vedanA ke paidA hone para Akula-vyAkula honA, vaiSayika - sukha prApta ho- aisA dRr3ha saMkalpa karake bArambAra usI cintana meM rata rahanA - ye ArttadhyAna ke viSaya ke cintana haiN| 9 691 acchA jIvana jIne ke lie apekSAeM jarUrI haiM, parantu AtmazAnti hetu, apekSA na ho- yaha bhI jarUrI hai| acchA jIvana, zAnta jIvana, svastha jIvana, pavitra jIvana, Anandamaya jIvana jInA ho, to icchA, AkAMkSA, tRSNA, lobhavRtti kA bahiSkAra anivArya 692 raudradhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya raudradhyAna vastutaH dUsaroM kA ahita karane se sambandhita vicAra hai| ArttadhyAna meM anukUla - viSayoM kI upalabdhi kI tathA pratikUla viSayoM kI anupalabdhi kI cintA hotI hai, jabaki raudradhyAna meM mUlataH dUsaroM ke ahita kI vRtti hI kAma karatI hai, isalie yaha mAnA gayA hai ki ArttadhyAna sAtaveM guNasthAna taka ho sakatA hai, jabaki raudradhyAna dUsaroM ke ahita kA vicAra hai, vaha IrSyAjanya Akramaka - -vRtti hai aura isalie eka dRSTi se sAmAnyatayA raudradhyAna mithyAtvAdi guNasthAna meM hI sambhava hai| ArttadhyAna meM AkAMkSA, apekSA, icchA, tRSNAdi ke kAraNa saMsAra - paribhramaNa hotA hai, jabaki raudradhyAna meM ghanIbhUta karmabandha ke kAraNa saMsAra - paribhramaNa hotA hai / mUla raudradhyAnI meM krodha, Avega, hiMsaka - vRtti kI pravRtti jyAdA rahatI hai| krodha ke meM pratikAra kA bhAva hotA hai / krodhAbhibhUta vyakti meM vivake -dRSTi kA abhAva hotA hai, vaha bhale-bure kI parakha nahIM kara pAtA hai / 690 sArIra'- mANasA ceva veyaNAo aNantaso uttarAdhyayanasUtra - 19/46. 691 priyANAM zabdAdiviSayANAM viyoge tatsaMyogAya - * jainasiddhAntadIpikA, sUtra - 47-48. jhANaM 63 dudhyAnoM, patita mana meM pAvana karo, sanmArga prakAzana se uddhRta, pR. 126. 692 221 || 11 For Personal & Private Use Only

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krodhAvasthA meM svayaM kI galatI hone ke bAvajUda bhI anya kI bhUla ko hI pradhAnatA dI jAtI hai| krodhI vyakti ke nindanIya kArya meM jo-jo bhI tattva arthAt vastu yA vyakti bAdhaka rUpa lagate haiM, ve usake lie sarvAdhika apriya bana jAte haiM aura nindanIya 1 kArya meM sAtha dene vAle padArtha yA vyakti usake priya pAtra bana jAte haiN| sAmAnyatayA, vyakti krodha taba karatA hai, jaba use yaha anubhUti hotI hai ki amuka vyakti usakI icchAnurUpa kArya nahIM kara rahA hai, usakI anupasthiti meM yA upasthiti meM koI usakI nindA kara rahA hai, kisI ke haMsI-majAka ko dekhakara vaha nakArAtmaka soca ke kAraNa apanA hI upahAsa samajha baiThatA hai, yA use lagatA hai ki usakI koI upekSA kara rahA hai- ina saba paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa usake mana meM zatrutA ke bhAva panapa jAte haiM, krodha bhar3aka jAtA hai aura usake ugra svabhAva ke kAraNa parivArajana evaM sage-sambandhiyoM ke madhura sambandhoM ke bIca kar3avAhaTa yA baira tathA pratizodha kI jvAlA bhar3akane lagatI hai / ,693 dazavaikAlikasUtra meM likhA hai ki krodha prIti kA vinAzaka hotA hai 1993 krodha uttejaka Avega hai / uttejita hote hI AkramaNa - vRtti praveza karane lagatI hai| aura yaha vRtti itanI AvegAtmaka rahatI hai ki apane choTe-se svArtha ke lie vaha dUsare kI hiMsA taka kara baiThatA hai / manAvaijJAnikoM ke anusAra- krodha aura bhaya meM yahI mukhya antara hai ki krodha ke Avega meM AkramaNa kA aura bhaya ke Avega meM AtmarakSA kA prayatna hotA hai| 694 222 sAmAnyataura para jainadarzana meM krodha ke do prakAra mAne gae haiM 1. dravya - krodha / 2. bhAva - krodha / dravya-krodha vyakti kI mAnasika sthiti na hokara mAtra zArIrika parivartana ke stara taka sImita hai, jabaki bhAva- krodha mAnasika-stara para AdhArita hai| krodha kA anubhUtyAtmaka - pakSa bhAva- krodha hai, jabaki abhivyaktyAtmaka - pakSa dravya-krodha kahalAtA 695 693 koho pIiM paNAsei / / dazavaikAlikasUtra, adhyAya - 8, gAthA- 38. 694 prastuta sandarbha kaSAya / / sAdhvI hemaprajJAzrI / / pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 13. bhagavatIsUtra- 12/5/2 695 For Personal & Private Use Only

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223 jJAnArNava meM likhA gayA hai ki jaba vyakti krodhakaSAya se yukta hotA hai, taba usake zarIra meM nimnAMkita parivartana hote haiM, jaise- Aga kI ciMgArI ke samAna lAla netra, bhRkuTiyoM kI kuTilatA, zarIra kI bhayAnaka AkRti, kampita honA aura pasIne se tara-barata honA Adi / 896 __yogazAstra meM batAyA gayA hai ki krodhAgni pahale use hI jalAtI hai, jisameM krodha utpanna huA hai, tatpazcAt dUsare ko jalAtI hai|697 jainakarmasiddhAnta ke anusAra, tIvratA tathA alpatA ke AdhAra para krodha ke cAra prakAra mAne gae haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM698_ 1. anantAnubaMdhI-krodha (tIvratama) - patthara meM par3I rekhA ke samAna krodha, jo kisI ke prati eka bAra manamuTAva ho jAe, to AjIvana banA rahatA hai| 2. apratyAkhyAnI-krodha (tIvratara) - sUkhe tAlAba meM khIMcI rekhA ke samAna krodha, jo jyAdA se jyAdA varSabhara meM kisI ke samajhAne-bujhAne para zAnta ho jAtA hai| 3. pratyAkhyAnI-krodha (tIvra) - bAlU retI meM khIMcI rekhA ke samAna, jo havA ke jhoMke ke Ate hI miTa jAtI hai, usI taraha yaha krodha bhI jyAdA se jyAdA cAra mahIne hI TikatA hai aura phira zAnta ho jAtA hai| 4. saMjvalana-krodha (alpa) - pAnI meM khIMcI rekhA ke samAna, jo zIghra hI miTa jAtI hai| isa krodha se yukta prANI kA krodha bhI jyAdA samaya taka nahIM rhtaa|699 jainasiddhAntadIpikA meM bhI prastuta udAharaNa milate haiN| 00 bauddhadarzana meM bhI krodha ke tIna prakAra batAe gae haiM?011. patthara meM khIMcI rekhA ke samAna 2. pRthvI meM khIMcI rekhA ke samAna 3. pAnI meM khIMcI rekhA ke smaan| donoM paramparAoM meM prastuta dRSTAnta-sAmya pratIta hotA hai| . 696 visphuliGginibhe-netre bhrUvakrA bhiissnnaakRtiH| kampasvedAdiliGgiAni raudre bAhyAni dehinAm / / - jJAnArNava- 24/36. 697 utpadyamAnaH prathamaM dahatyeva svamAzrayam .......... || - yogazAstra, prakaraNa- 4, zloka- 10. vadha kohe paNNate, ta jahA-aNatANubaMdhI kohe, apaccakkhANakasAe kohe, paccakhANAvaraNe kohe, saMjalaNe kohe| - sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna- 4, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 84. 699 (ka) jalareNupar3havipavvaya-rAIsariso cauvviho koho .... || - prathama karmagrantha- 19. (kha) saMjvalanAdibhiH / / - yogazAstra- 4/67. 700 parvata-bhUmi-reNu-jalarAji svabhAvaH krodhH|| - jainasiddhAntadIpikA, prakaraNa- 4, zloka- 24. " aMguttaranikAya-3/130. For Personal & Private Use Only

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224 gItA meM kahA gayA hai ki krodhAdhIna vyakti svayaM ke tathA dUsaroM ke deha meM avasthita paramAtmA se dveSa karane vAlA hotA hai| 02 bahuta bAra tAmasika-bhojana athavA zarIra kI kamajorI yA bAhya-paristhiti kI anukUlatA na hone para bhI krodhotpatti ho jAtI hai|703 jaba vyakti kA antaHkaraNa kaSAyajanita ho jAtA hai, taba vaha cir3acir3A ho jAtA hai, binA vajaha kisI para bhI barasa par3atA hai, karttavya-akartavya kA bhAna kho detA hai, ugratA ke kAraNa anartha kara DAlatA hai, yaha ugratA svAsthya ke lie bhI lAbhaprada nahIM hotI hai, krodha se yakRta, tillI aura gurde bhI vikRta hote haiM,04 pAcanazakti bhI kharAba ho jAtI hai| . amerikA kI lAipha megajIna ke antargata Aveza ke kAraNa vyakti kina-kina rogoM kA zikAra banatA hai, usakA sacitra lekha aMkita thaa| hRdayaroga, raktacApa, alsara Adi bImAriyoM kA mUla kAraNa AvezAtmaka-vRtti hI hai|'05 AtmahatyAeM, hatyAeM, dhAradAra astroM se kisI kA aMga chedana karanA, satata dUsaroM ko kaSTa dene ke upAya socate rahanA, rAga-dveSa-moha se Akula-vyAkula rahanA, pApAcaraNa meM Ananda kI anubhUti karanA, maraNAnta kaSTa ke lie sadaiva tatpara rahanA, svayaM kI bhUloM kA ahasAsa na karake sadaiva dUsaroM kI bhUloM ko dekhanA, svayaM ke bar3e-se-bar3e doSoM ko najaraandAja karanA tathA dUsaroM ke alpatama doSoM para bar3I sajA denA- ye sabhI raudradhyAna ke Alambana ke viSaya haiN| hiMsA, asatya, corI aura viSaya-bhogoM kI rakSA ke nimitta hone vAlI hiMsaka-manovRtti kI ekAgratA raudradhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya kahalAte haiM706 __ AkrozavRtti kama hone para vyakti sahI soca ke anusAra bartAva karane lagatA hai aura usake abhAva meM patana ke garta meM jA giratA hai|07 702 gItA- 16/4. 703 sthAnAMgasUtra, caturtha sthAna, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 80. 704 zArIrika manovijJAna, ojhA evaM bhArgava, pR. 214. sAmAnya manovijJAna kI rUparekhA, pR. 420-421. 706 hiMsA-anRta-steya-viSayasaMrakSArthaM raudram ............. || - jainasiddhAntadIpikA- 6/48. 707 kaMpati roSAdagniH saMdhukSitavacca diipyte'nen| taM pratyAkrozatyAhanti ca hanyeta yena sa mtH||| - uttarAdhyayanasUtra, madhukaramuni pustaka se uddhRta, adhyAya- 2, pR. 45. For Personal & Private Use Only

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225 cUrNikAra ne pratisaMjvalana ke lakSaNa kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA hai ki jo roSa-avasthA meM kampita hotA hai, Aga ke samAna dhadhakane lagatA hai, roSAgni prajjvalita kara detA hai, jo Akroza ke badale Akroza evaM ghAta ke badale pratighAta karatA hai, vahI pratisaMjvalana hai| dhyAnazataka meM spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA hai ki hiMsAdi kriyA abhI Acarita nahIM huI, jhUThe vacana abhI taka bole nahIM, corI abhI kI nahIM, dUsaroM ko tAr3anA-tarjanA kI nahIM, mAtra cintana kara rahA hai, arthAta usake bAre meM soca rahA hai, to bhI ugra pariNAma ke abhiprAya se usakA ye cintana karmabandha kI tIvra sthiti vAlA hetu bana gayA,08 isI kAraNa narakagati kA bandha kara DAlatA hai| 09 DaoN sAgaramala jaina10 ke zabdoM meM- "nirantara hiMsaka-pravRtti meM tanmayatA, asatya-bhASaNa karane sambandhI citta kI ekAgratA, nirantara corI karane-karAne kI pravRtti meM ekalayatA aura parigraha ke arjana aura saMrakSaNa-sambandhI citta kA sthirIkaraNa- ye sabhI raudradhyAnI ke cintana ke viSaya mAne gae haiN| kucha AcAryoM ne viSaya-saraMkSaNa kA artha balAt yAnI aindrika-bhogoM kA saMkalpa kiyA hai, jabaki kucha AcAryoM ne aindrika-viSayoM ke saMrakSaNa meM upasthita krUratA ke bhAva ko hI viSaya-saMrakSaNa kahA hai|" ___ ina sabhI bhinnatAoM se pare hokara hameM saMkSepa meM itanA hI samajhanA cAhie ki raudradhyAnI sadaiva hI pratipakSa ke ahita kA hI socatA hai, isalie raudradhyAna meM azubha lezyAeM hI hotI haiN| eka dRSTi se raudradhyAna meM vyakti apane alpatama hita ke lie bhI dUsare kA adhikatama ahita karane se bhI cUkatA nahIM hai| ArttadhyAnI surakSAtmaka-vRtti se yukta hotA hai, jabaki raudradhyAnI AkramaNavRtti se yukta hotA hai| ArtadhyAnI meM cAha hai, jabaki raudradhyAnI meM Akroza hai, usakA vicAra dUsaroM ke ahita-cintana meM hI lagA rahatA hai| vaha apane kSudra-svArtha ke pIche bhI dUsare kA adhikatama ahita karane ko tatpara ho jAtA hai| ArtadhyAna adhikatara vicAra ke stara 708 dhyAnazataka, saM. mahAbodhivijaya se uddhRta, pR. 47. 109 roddajjhANa saMsAravaddhaNaM narayagaimalaM ........... || - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 24. 710 jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna - DaoN sAgaramala jaina, pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 28. 711 kovAya-nIla-kAlA lessAo tivvsNkilitttthaao| roddajjhANovagayassa kmmprinnaamjnniyaao|| - dhyAnazataka- 25 For Personal & Private Use Only

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226 para hotA hai, jabaki raudradhyAna kriyA ke stara para hotA hai| dUsaroM ko mAranA, kATanA, aMgabhaMga karanA, nukasAna pahuMcAnA- ye raudradhyAnI ke cintana ke pramukha viSaya hote haiN| dharmadhyAna ke Alambana eka padArtha para avasthita mana jaba calAyamAn athavA vicalita ho jAtA hai, taba dharmadhyAna kA sAdhaka jina AlambanoM para avalambita rahatA hai, ve Alambana isa prakAra haiM . vAcanA, pratipRcchanA, parivartanA aura anuprekssaa|12 kahIM-kahIM hameM yaha bhI dekhane ko milatA hai ki pratipRcchanA ko pRcchanA aura parivartanA ko parAvartana nAma se bhI abhihita kiyA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM svAdhyAya ke bheda ke rUpa meM dharmakathA kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, inheM dhyAna ke Alambana bhI kahA gayA hai| Alambana kA artha hai, jinake sahAre dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai|13 dhyAnazataka grantha ke granthakAra ne bhI prastuta grantha meM anuprekSA ke sthAna para anucintA nAma abhihita kiyA hai| anuprekSA yA anucintA meM bhI Alambana kI apekSA rahatI hai| aneka AgamoM tathA Agametara granthoM meM dharmadhyAna ke una cAra AlaMbanoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jo mUlataH svAdhyAya ke aMga kahe gae haiN| 712 vAyaNA pucchaNA ceva taheva pariyaTTaNA ....... || - uttarAdhyayana. 713 AlaMbaNaM ca vAyaNa pucchaNa privpttttnnaannupehaao| dhammassa teNa avirUddhAo svvaannupehaao|| - bhagavatI-ArAdhanA- 1705. 714 priytttthnnaa'nnuciNtaao|| - dhyAnazataka- 42. For Personal & Private Use Only

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sthAnAMga 715. bhagavatI 16. aupapAtika", dhyAnazataka' 720 dharmAmRta (anagAra) 721, * dhyAnakalpatarU' 5,724, dhyAnavicAra 725 Adi meM tathA navAMgI TIkAkAra AcArya abhayadevasUri ne sthAnAMgasUtra kI TIkA meM likhA hai ki satzAstroM kA adhyayana Atma - hitakArI hai| satzAstroM kA savidhi acchI taraha se adhyayana karanA hI svAdhyAya hai | 726 cAritrasAra meM svAdhyAya ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki apane svayaM kA hita karane vAlA adhyAtma-adhyayana svAdhyAya hai| 727 tattvajJAna kA paThana-pAThana aura smaraNa karanA hI svAdhyAya kahalAtA hai | 728 715 kArttikeyAnuprekSA meM to yaha likhA hai ki pUjA - pratiSThAdi se nirapekSa hokara mAtra karma - maila ke zuddhikaraNa hetu jo muni jinapraNIta zAstroM ko bhaktibhAvapUrvaka par3hatA hai, usakA zrutajJAna hitakArI tathA sukhakArI hai |729 716 720 721 dhammassa NaM jhANassa cattAri AlaMbaNA paM. taM. vAyaNA, paDipucchaNA, pariyaTThaNA, aNuppehA / / sthAnAMgasUtra- 4 / 1-67. jhANassa cattAri AlaMbaNA paM. taM. vAyaNA, paDipucchaNA, pariyaTThaNA, dhammakA / / 717 aupapAtikasUtra - 20. 718 vAcAnApracchanAnuprekSAmnAyadharmopadezAH / / tattvArthasUtra - 9/27. 719 AlaMbaNANi ca se cattAri, jathA - visamasamuttaraNe vallimAdINi, taM jathA-vAyaNA pucchaNA pariyaNA aNuppehA, dhammakA pariyaTTaNe, paDati / evaM vibhAsejjA / / - - AvazyakacUrNi 722 tattvArthasUtra 18 AvazyakacUrNi 718, * adhyAtmasAra'22, dhyAnadIpikA 23, AlaMbaNA vAyaNa - pucchaNa - pariyaTTaNA'NuciMtAo . vAcanApracchanAnuprekSAmnAyadharmopadezAH / / - dharmAmRta / / anagAraM / / - 9 /25. vAcanA caiva pRcchA ca parAvRttyanucintane / kriyA cA''lambanAnIha saddharmA''vazyakAni ca / / - - * bhagavatIsUtra - 25/7. - || * dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 42. adhyAtmasAra - 16 / 31. dhyAnadIpikA - 97, zloka - 118. 723 AlambanAni dharmasya vAcanApracchaMnAdikaH / svAdhyAyaH paMcadhA jJeyo dharmAnuSThAnasevayA / / 724 dhyAnakalpatarU, tRtIya zAkhA, patra- 1-4, pR. 220-243. 725 dhyAnavicAra - savivecana, pR. 20. 726 suSThu A maryAdayA adhIyate iti svAdhyAyaH / / -sthAnAMgasUtraTIkA, A. abhayadeva - 5/3/465. 727 svasmai hitodhyAyaH svAdhyAyaH / / cAritrasAra - 152/5. 728 svAdhyAyastattvajJAnasyAdhyayanamadhyApanaM smaraNaM ca / / - vahI - 44/3. 729 227 pUyAdisu Nikhekkho jiNasatthaM jo paDheibhatijuo / kammamalasohaNadvaM suyalAho suhayaro tassa / / - kArttikeyAnuprekSA - 462. For Personal & Private Use Only

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228 sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai- jJAna pAne hetu Alasa, pramAda ko tyAgakara paThana-pAThana meM rata rahanA svAdhyAya-tapa hai| 30 abhyAsa kI dRSTi se isake pAMca prakAra haiM- 1. vAcanA 2. pRcchanA 3. anuprekSA 4. AmnAya aura 5. dhrmkthaa| svAdhyAya, arthAt AtmakalyANa ke lie zAstroM kA adhyayana krnaa| samIcIna granthoM ke paThana-pAThana se karmoM kA saMvara evaM nirjarA hotI hai|31 ___ AcArya pataMjali kahate haiM- svAdhyAya se apane ArAdhyadeva kA sAkSAtkAra hone lagatA hai| __ vaidika-maharSiyoM ne kahA hai- tapo hi svAdhyAyaH, arthAt tapa hI svAdhyAya hai, sAtha hI yaha preraNA bhI dI jAtI hai ki svAdhyAya meM kabhI Alasa (pramAda) mata krnaa| 34 isa prakAra, svAdhyAya ke aMga hI dhyAna ke Alambana haiN| inameM mAtra dharmakathA ko chor3a diyA gayA hai| 1. vAcanA-Alambana - pUrva meM dharmadhyAna ke Alambana-dvAra ke antargata yaha kahA jA cukA hai kiM vAcanA, prazna pUchanA, sUtroM kA abhyAsa karanA, usa para cintana karanA, sAmAyika aura svAdhyAya Adi dharmadhyAna ke Alambana haiN| 35 jaise rassI ke sahAre vyakti ati kaThina sthAna para sakuzala pahuMca jAtA hai, vaise hI vAcanA, pRcchanAdi ke Alambana se sAdhaka zuddhadhyAna, arthAt zukladhyAna meM agrasara ho jAtA hai| dhyAnazataka meM kahA gayA hai ki dhyAna kA sAdhaka sUtroM kA sahArA lekara zreSTha dhyAna taka jA pahuMcatA hai|36 jinake mAdhyama se sAdhanA meM pragati hotI hai, use Alambana kahate haiN| prastuta grantha meM mukhya Alambana kI saMkhyA cAra batAI gaI hai| ve isa prakAra haiM 730 jJAnabhAvanA''lasyatyAgaH svAdhyAyaH / / - sarvArthasiddhi, pR. 439. 131 dharmAmRta (anagAra)- 9/25. 732 samavAyAMgasUtra, saMkalana- muni madhukara, pR. 34. 733 taittirIya AraNyaka- 2/14. taittirIya upaniSada- 1-11-1. 735 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 42. 736 visamaMmi samArohai daDhadavvAlaMbaNo jahA puriso| suttAi ...... samArUhai / / - dhyAnazataka- 43. For Personal & Private Use Only

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229 1. vAcanA 2. pRcchanA 3. parivartanA aura 4. anucintaa|37 jisa kisI satsAhitya ke adhyayana se karma-nirjarA hotI ho, aise suzAstroM kA paThana-pAThana karanA hI vAcanA hai| vAcanA ke antargata ve hI grantha Ate haiM, jo viSaya-vikAroM ke nivAraNa meM, krodhAdi kaSAyoM ko naSTa karane meM, mamatva-buddhi ko samApta karane meM aura vibhAva se svabhAva kI ora gati karAne meM sahAyaka-rUpa hoN| samyakaprakAreNa zAstra evaM unake artha kA adhyayana karane se citta kI ekAgratA meM vRddhi hotI hai, sAtha hI prajJA nirmala tathA pavitra banatI hai| vaha paThana-pAThana arthAt svayaM par3hanA aura dUsaroM ko bhI par3hAnA, jisase donoM ke dhArmika-bhAvoM meM abhivRddhi hotI hai, vaha dharmadhyAna kA Alambana hotA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, Agama-sUtroM kA paThana-pAThana karanA hI vAcanA kahalAtI hai| 38 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM likhA hai ki ziSyoM ko par3hAnA arthAt kAlika, utkAlika zruta kA dAna denA hI vAcanA hai|39 adhyAtmasAra'40 ke anusAra, sUtra aura artha- donoM ko zuddhatApUrvaka par3hanA vAcanA hai| ziSyoM ko AgamoM kI vAcanA denA aura ziSyoM dvArA mana kI ekAgratA ke sAtha bhaktibhAva se vAcanA lenA- isase jJAnAvaraNIya-karma kI nirjarA hotI hai tathA zAstroM ke nae-nae arthoM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| zruta kI bhakti ke sAtha rucipUrvaka vAcanA karane se tIrthakara-praNIta dharma ke prati anurAga bar3hatA hai aura dharmadhyAna meM ekAgratA ho jAtI hai|41 dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki ziSya ko nirjarA hetu sUtrAdi kI vAcanA denA yA par3hanA hI vAcanA hai|742 dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM kahA gayA hai ki vAcanA arthAt pddh'naa| zabdoccAraNa kI zuddhatA kA dhyAna rakhanA, sahI samajha dvArA artha ko grahaNa karanA, binA soce-samajhe na to 737 AlaMbaNAi vaaynn-pucchnn-priyttttnnaa'nnuciNtaao| - dhyAnazataka- 43. 738 sthAnAMgasUtra, saMkalana- madhukaramuni- 4/1/67, pR. 224. 739 ziSyANAmadhyApanaM vAcanA kAlikasyotkAlikasya vaa''laapkprdaanm| -tattvArthasiddhavRtti- 25. adhyAtmasAra, adhyAya- 16, zloka- 03. 741 adhyAtmasAra, anu.- DaoN prItidarzanA, pR. 579. 742 dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 118, pR. 275. For Personal & Private Use Only

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230 zIghragati se vAcana karanA aura na hI ayogya sthAna para rukanA tathA zabdazaH par3hate hue akSara athavA pada ko na chor3anA ityAdi vAcanA hai| 43 dhyAnavicAra grantha meM bhI isI bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai| 44 saMkSepa meM, gaNadhara dvArA viracita sUtroM kA yogya ziSya ko adhyApana karAnA hI vAcanA nAmaka dharmadhyAna kA prathama Alambana kahalAtA hai| 2. pRcchanA-Alambana - dhyAnazataka grantha ke praNetA gAthA kramAMka bayAlIsa ke antargata dharmadhyAna ke dUsare Alambana kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahate haiM ki granthazAstroM kI saMkhyA sImita hotI hai, ataH bahuta sI viSaya-vastu granthoM meM samAhita na hone ke kAraNa kisI sthAna para artha kI gambhIratA se viSaya ThIka se samajha nahIM AtA, to kahIM bhinna-bhinna vicAra-bheda ke kAraNa saMdeha utpanna ho jAtA hai| ina saba zaMkAoM kA nivAraNa karane ke lie gItArtha arthAt vidvAnoM athavA guru ke samIpa jAkara pRcchA karanA hI pRcchanA-Alambana kahA jAtA hai| 45 zaMkA-samAdhAna ke samaya mana ekAgra banA rahatA hai, isalie viSaya-vAsanAoM kI vRtti uparata ho jAtI hai| sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, zaMkA ke nivAraNArtha gurujanoM ko pUchanA hI pRcchanA -Alambana hai|46 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM likhA hai ki sUtra-viSayaka zaMkA ko pUchanA hI pRcchanA hai| 47 adhyAtmasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki pRcchanA, arthAt puuchnaa| vAcanA lete samaya hone vAlI zaMkAoM ko evaM jijJAsAoM ko viziSTa jJAnIjanoM se pUchakara yathArtha nirNaya karanA pRcchanA hai| 48 743 zabdArthazuddhatA drutavilambitAdhUnatA ca samyaktvam / zuddhagranthArthIbhayadAne pAtre'sya vAcanA bhedH|| - dharmAmRta / / anagAra || - 7/83. 744 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, saMkalana- kalApUrNasUri, pR. 20. dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 42. 746 sthAnAMgasUtra, saMkalana- madhukaramuni- 4/1/67, pR. 224. 747 granthaH sUtrArthaH sUtrAbhidheyaM tadviSayaM prcchnm|| - tattvArthasiddhavRtti- 25. 748 adhyAtmasAra- 16/31. For Personal & Private Use Only

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231 dhyAnadIpikA ke anusAra, prajJAzIla vyakti to zaMkA kA samAdhAna svayaM kara letA hai, parantu alpamatijJa vyakti ko par3ane ke samaya yadi koI zaMkA ho jAe, to guru Adi ke nikaTa jAkara vinayabhAva se saMzayoM kA nivAraNa karanA pRcchanA -Alambana hai|49 dharmAmRta (aNagAra) meM likhA hai- pRcchanA arthAt pUchanA, prazna Adi krnaa| mUlapATha aura artha- donoM ke viSaya meM, kyA yaha aisA hai athavA nahIM- yaha saMzaya dUra karane ke lie, athavA, yaha aisA hI hai- isa prakAra ke nirNaya ko dRr3ha karane ke lie prazna karanA pRcchanA hai| 50 dhyAnavicAra'51, dhyAnakalpatarU'52 Adi meM likhA hai- yathArtha rUpa se pUrvApara sambandha samajha meM na Ane para savinaya prArthanA karake jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karane ke lie guru se prazna pUchanA, pRcchanA-Alambana kahalAtA hai| saMkSepa meM, jijJAsAoM kA prastutikaraNa karanA pRcchanA hai|53 3. parivartanA-Alambana - dhyAnazataka ke antargata dharmadhyAna ke tRtIya Alambana kA varNana karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki pUrvapaThita evaM pUche hue sUtra tathA artha kI punaH-punaH AvRtti na kI jAe, to vismRta hone kI sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai| kahIM vismRta na ho jAe, isa hetu par3he hue, sune hue jJAna ko punaH punaH doharAnA hI parivartanA niyama yaha hai ki mana jaisA smaraNa karatA hai, vahI antaHkaraNa meM aMkita ho jAtA hai| jaise vidyArthI pUrvapaThita viSaya ko smRti meM rakhane ke lie bAra-bAra punarAvartana karatA hai, vaise hI sAdhaka ko adhyAtma-kSetra meM pragati karane ke lie jJAna kI punaH punaH parAvartanA karanA cAhie, sAtha hI tadanusAra AcaraNa kiyA jAe, to usake saMskAra dRr3ha bana jAte haiN| saMskAroM kI dRr3hatA sAdhaka ko dharma kI ora utprerita karatI hai, ataH dharmadhyAna meM sahAyakabhUta hone se parAvartanA bhI dharmadhyAna kA AlambanarUpa hai| 749 dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 118. 750 pracchanaM saMzayocchittyai nizcitadraDhanAya vaa| prazno'dhIti prvRttyrthtvaaddhiitirsaavpi|| - dharmAmRta (aNaMgAra)- 9/84. 751 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 20. 752 dhyAnakalpatarU, tRtIya zAkhA, dvitIya patra, pR. 227. 753 prastuta aMza 'ArhatI dRSTi', samaNI maMgalaprajJA, pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 68. 754 dhyAnazataka- 42. For Personal & Private Use Only

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232 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, paThita sUtroM ko bAra-bAra Avartana karate hue hRdayastha kara lenA hI parAvartanA hai| 55 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM likhA hai ki dharmadhyAna ke AlambanoM ke rUpa meM tIsarA sthAna anuprekSA kA hai| saMdeha sahita sUtra tathA artha kA mana se cintana karanA hI anuprekSA hai|756 adhyAtmasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki upArjita jJAna ko sthira rakhane ke lie punaH-punaH usako doharAnA- yaha dharmadhyAna kA Alambana hai| isase jJAna tAjA banA rahatA hai, vismRti aura skhalana se bacAva hotA hai, mana zubha pravRtti meM jur3A rahatA hai|"57 dhyAnadIpikA ke anusAra, pUrva meM yAda kie hue sUtrAdi kahIM bhUla na jAeM, isalie punaH-punaH unakA abhyAsa karanA hI parAvartanA hai| 58 dharmAmRta (anagAra)/59 meM likhA gayA hai ki jJAta yA nizcita artha kA mana se bAra-bAra cintana karanA anuprekSA hai| anuprekSA hI antarjalpa yA Atmacintana hai| vAcanAdi meM bahirjalpa (bAharI bAtacIta) hotA hai, jabaki anuprekSA meM mana meM cintana calane se antarjalpa hotA hai| 'mUlAcAra TIkA' meM anityatA Adi ke bAra-bAra cintana ko anuprekSA kahA gayA hai aura use svAdhyAya kA bheda mAnA hai| 60 dhyAnavicAra', dhyAnakalpatarU'62 meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| guru dvArA pradatta sUtra tathA artha kaNThastha hoM, ve vismRta na ho jAeM- isa uddezya se tathA karma-nirjarA ke lakSya se bAra-bAra paThita pATha kA parAvartana karanA- yaha dharmadhyAna kA Alambana hai| 755 sthAnAMgasUtra, madhukara muni- 4/1/67. 158 sandehe sati grnthaarthyormnsaa'bhyaaso'nuprekssaa| - tattvArthasiddhavRtti- 25. 757 adhyAtmasAra- 16/31. 758 dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 118, pR. 275. 759 sA'naprekSA yadabhyAso'dhigatArthasya cetsaa| svAdhyAyalakSya pATho'ntarjalpAmA'trApi vidyte|| - dharmAmRta anagAra- 7/86. 760 jaina evaM bauddha zikSA-darzana : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana, DaoN vijayakumAra, pR. 114. 761 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, A.- kalApUrNasUri, pR. 20.. 762 dhyAnakalpatarU, tRtIya zAkhA, tRtIya patra, pR. 228-230. For Personal & Private Use Only

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233 4. anucintA (dharmakathA)-Alambana - dhyAnazataka ke kRtikAra dharmadhyAna ke cauthe Alambana kI anucintA kA varNana karate hue kahate haiM ki anucintA ko parivartanA meM sammilita kara kaI granthoM meM dharmakathA ko hI cauthA Alambana mAnA hai| 63 dhArmika sUtra-siddhAntoM ke kathana karane, par3hane, zravaNa karane tathA artha kA anuprekSaNa kara usa para cintana-manana karane se antaHkaraNa sabala bana jAtA hai| dharmakathAoM ke paThana evaM zravaNa se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki kisa-kisa mahApuruSa ne viSaya-vikAroM tathA kaSAyAdi ko naSTa karane ke lie kaisI-kaisI sAdhanA kI, svabhAva-dazA ko prApta karane evaM sadA-sarvadA usameM avasthita rahane ke lie ghora upasarga upasthita hone ke uparAnta bhI kisa prakAra ve sAdhanA-mArga se vicalita nahIM hue tathA yama-niyamoM meM sthira rhe| dharma-sambandhI sUtra evaM artha ke cintana-manana se AtmA sAvadyapatha se niravadyapatha kI ora gamana karane lagatI hai, vaha sAvadya se mukti aura AtmaramaNatA kI yukti meM saMlagna rahatI hai, ataH dharmakathA dhArmika, jIvana-nirmANa meM sahAyaka hotI hai, isalie dharmakathA dharmadhyAna kA Alambana hai| 64 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra, paThita sUtroM ke artha kA cintana karanA hI anuprekSA hai|' tattvArthasiddhavRtti ke anusAra udAtta Adi parizuddha sUtroM ko dUsaroM ko denA, athavA padoM ke akSaroM kI ginatI karanA AmnAya kahalAtA hai| yahAM dharmopadeza se tAtparya sUtra aura artha kA kathana, vyAkhyAna, anuyoga kA varNana, zruta aura cAritra kA dharmopadeza denA hai| adhyAtmasAra'67 ke anusAra- 'sUtra aura artha kA gahana cintana karanA anuprekSA -svAdhyAya hai| kisI bhI zAstrIya aura Agamika-viSaya para ekAgratApUrvaka sampUrNa 763 dhyAnazataka, saMkalana- kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pR. 87. dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 42. 765 sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/1/67, saMkalana- madhukaramuni, pR. 224... 766 AmnAyo'pi parivartanam udAtAdiparizuddhamanuzrAvaNIyamabhyAsa ... | - tattvArthasiddhavRtti. 767 vAcanA caiva pRcchA ca praakRtynucintne| kriyA cAlambanAnIha saddharmAvazyakAni c|| - adhyAtmasAra- 16/31. 768 adhyAtmasAra, DaoN prItidarzanA, pR. 570. For Personal & Private Use Only

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234 manoyoga ke sAtha gahana cintana karane se aneka gutthiyoM kA samAdhAna prApta hotA hai|' jaise-jaise AtmA zrutasAgara meM avagAhana karatI hai, vaise-vaise use anupama jJAna-ratnoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai| anuprekSA athavA cintana kA lAbha batAte hue zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai ki Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa jJAnAvaraNIya Adi sAta karma-prakRtiyAM yadi gAr3ha bandhana se bandhI huI hoM, to unheM anuprekSA svAdhyAyI zithila bandhana vAlI banA letA hai, yadi tIvra rasa vAlI ho, to manda rasa vAlI banA letA hai aura yadi bahuta pradeza vAlI ho, to kama pradeza vAlI kara DAlatA hai, ataH vAcanA, pRcchanA, parAvartanA aura anuprekSA- ye cAroM zrutadharma ke antargata rahe hue dharmadhyAna ke Alambana haiN| isake atirikta, sAmAyika, stuti, pratikramaNa, paDilehana Adi Avazyaka -kriyAeM bhI dharmadhyAna ke Alambana-rUpa haiM, jo cAritradharma ke antargata AtI haiN| 68 dhyAnadIpikA meM likhA hai ki anuprekSA, arthAt vicAra karanA, arthAt AtmalAbha meM upayogI padArthoM kA vicAra karanA evaM nirupayogI athavA AtmalAbha meM, vighnarUpI vicAroM ko haTAkara upayogI kriyAoM meM saMlagna rahanA, tAki AtmasvarUpa kA vismaraNa na ho aura jAgrati ke paloM meM jyAdA-se-jyAdA samaya taka AtmasvarUpa kA smaraNa banA rhe| 69 dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM kahA gayA hai ki pUrvapaThita sUtroM ke zuddhatApUrvaka punaH punaH uccAraNa ko AmnAya kahate haiN|70 isI grantha ke antargata likhA hai ki devavandanA ke sAtha dharma kA kathana karanA dharmakathA hai| dharmakathA ke AkSepiNI, vikSepiNI, saMvejanI aura nivedanI nAmaka cAra prakAra haiN| 1. AkSepiNI - jisa kathAnaka meM zruta, cAritra ke kathana kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai, jaise- mati, zrutAdi jJAnoM kA nirUpaNa hai aura sAmAyika, pratilekhanAdi cAritra kA svarUpa hai, use AkSepiNI kahate haiN|72 769 AlambanAni dharmasya vAcanApracchanAdikaH / ........ - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka- 118. 770 AmnAyo ghoSazuddhaM yad vRttasya privrtnm|| - dharmAmRta anagAra- 7/87. 771 dharmopadezaH syAddharmakathA saMstuti maGgalA / / - vahI- 7/87. 2 AkkhevaNI kahAM sA vijjAcaraNamuvadissade jtth| - bhagavatI-ArAdhanA- 655. For Personal & Private Use Only

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prazamaratiprakaraNa ke praNetA umAsvAti ne bhI prastuta grantha meM zloka kramAMka eka sau bayAsI meM buddhi ko sthira rakhane ke lie cAra prakAra kI dharmakathA ke abhyAsa karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| ve kahate haiM ki jo kathA jIvoM ko dharmAbhimukha karatI hai, use AkSepaNI kahate haiM / 773 2. vikSepaNI jisa kathA ke antargata sva tathA para kI carcA kI jAtI hai, vaha vikSepiNI hai, jaise- vastu sarvathA nitya hai yA kSaNika hai, eka hai yA aneka hai, saba sat hai athavA asat, jJAnamaya hai yA zUnya, ityAdi / dUsare pakSa meM kahA gayA hai ki kathaMcit nitya, kathaMcit anitya, kathaMcit eka kathaMcit aneka ityAdi svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karanA vikSepiNI - kathA kahalAtI hai| 774 prazamaratiprakaraNa ke anusAra, jo kathA jIvoM ko kAmabhoga se mukta athavA kumArga se vimukha karatI hai, use vikSepiNI kahate haiN| 775 3. saMvejanI samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra tathA zuddha tapa ke dvArA AtmA meM prakaTa hone vAlI UrjA athavA zaktiyoM ke svarUpa kA varNana karane vAlI kathA ko saMvejanI kahate haiN| 776 prazamaratiprakaraNa ke anusAra, jo kathA jIvoM ko saMsAra se bhayabhIta karatI hai, use saMvedanI kahate haiM 777, jaise- narakAdi kA kaSTa / 4. nirvedanI rasa, mAMsa, rudhira, asthi - majjA Adi se yukta yaha deha apavitra hai, raja aura vIrya usakA bIja hai, azuci AhAra usakA poSaka hai, yaha azuci hI nahIM, apitu asAra bhI hai, bhoga bhI kSaNika haiM, usase milane vAle sukha se manuSya kabhI tRpta nahIM ho sakatA hai, yahAM duHkha kI bahulatA evaM sukha kI alpatA hai- isa taraha zarIra aura bhogoM kI Asakti se virakta karAne vAlI kathA nirvedanI kahalAtI hai| 778 prazamaratiprakaraNa ke anusAra jo kathA kAmabhoga se vairAgya utpanna karAtI hai, use nirvedanI kahate haiN| 779 773 AkSepaNI 774 -| 235 -- sasamayaparasamayagadA kathA du vikkhepaNI NAma / bhagavatI - ArAdhanA - 655. 775 prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka - 182. 776 saMveyaNI puNa kahA NANacaritatavIriyaidiDhagadA / - bhagavatI ArAdhanA - 656. 777 prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka - 182. 778 NivveyaNI puNa kahA sarIrabhoge bhavoghe ya... ... / / 779 AkSepaNI vikSepaNI vimArgabAdhanasamarthavinyAsA prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka - 182. .... bhagavatI ArAdhanA - 656. / / - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka - 182. For Personal & Private Use Only

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236 saMkSepa meM, rAgAdi bhAvoM se vimukha karake satya tattvoM ko sammukha lAne vAlI kathA AkSepiNI-kathA hai| kumArga se vimukha karake sanmArga kI ora prerita karane vAlI kathA vikSepiNI-kathA hai| vairAgyabhAva meM abhivRddhi karAne vAlI kathA saMvedanI -kathA hai| saMsAra ke prati udAsIna bhAva paidA karane vAlI kathA nirvedanI-kathA hai| 80 isa prakAra, saMkSepa meM dharmakathA ke bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| AdipurANa ke kartA jinasenAcArya ne ikkIsaveM parva ke zloka kramAMka satAsI (87) ke antargata dharmadhyAna ke Alambana kA svarUpa batAte hue kahA hai ki jo atizaya buddhimAn hai, yogI hai, jo buddhibala se yukta hai, zAstroM ke artha kA Alambana karane vAlA hai, jo dhIra-vIra hai aura jisane samasta parISahoM ko saha liyA hai- aise uttama muni zIghrAtizIghra apane lakSya ko prApta hote haiN|81 vAcanA, pRcchanA, pariyaTTanA (parivartana) aura anuprekSA (dharmakathA)- ye cAroM Alambana mana ko AtmAbhimukha karane meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA adA karate haiN| saMkSepa meM, itanA hI samajhanA hai ki vAcanA arthAt samajhapUrvaka pddh'naa| yadi koI kuzAgra buddhi vAlA vyakti hai, to vaha apanI zaMkA kA samAdhAna svataH hI kara letA hai, lekina sAdhAraNa buddhi vAle vyakti ko zaMkA utpanna hotI hai, to vaha usake nivAraNa ke lie gurujanoM se samAdhAna prApta karatA hai- yahI pratipRcchanA hai| kaNThastha sUtroM kI bAra-bAra punarAvRtti karate rahanA hI parAvartanA hai, tAki kaNThastha sUtra vismRta na ho jaaeN| AgamoM ke arthoM para cintana-manana karanA anuprekSA hai,82 usako dharmakathA ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| kucha vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA yaha bhI hai ki saMsAra kI anityatA kA cintana karanA bhI anuprekSA hai| ina cAroM AlambanoM se dharmadhyAna meM vRddhi, zuddhi hotI haiye mana ko puSTa tathA zuddha banAkara dhyAna meM sthiratA prApta karavAte haiN| zukladhyAna ke Alambana 780 dharmAmRta anagAra- 7/88. 781 prajJApAramito yogI ............ sUtrArthAlambano dhIraH sor3hAzeSaparISahaH / / - AdipurANa- 2/87. pravacanasAroddhAra, sAdhvI hemaprabhAjI, bhAga- 1, pR. 123-124. For Personal & Private Use Only

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237 jo AtmA ko 'sva' meM sthira banAe, arthAt nijasvarUpa meM avasthita kare, sva-svarUpa meM AdhA bhUta bane, use dhyAna ke kSetra meM Alambana kahate haiN| samavAyAMga/83. vizeSAvazyakabhASya84 meM kaSAya ke cAra prakAra batAe gae haiM, ve nimnAMkita haiM 1. krodha 2. mAna 3. mAyA 4. lobha / ina cAra kaSAyoM ke kSaya hone para cAra guNa prakaTa hote haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM 1. kSamA 2. mArdava 3. Arjava 4. mukti| mUlataH, zukladhyAna ke uparyukta jo cAra Alambana haiM, ve kaSAyoM ke abhAva ke hetu haiN| jaba sAdhaka ke jIvana meM zAnti samA jAtI hai, taba krodha kA svataH hI palAyana ho jAtA hai,785 jo mArdava, mAna-kaSAya ke tyAga kA sUcaka hai| 86 Arjava -guNa Ane para mAyA-kaSAya naSTa ho jAtI hai87 aura nirlobhatA se to lobha kA astitva hI nahIM rahatA hai|788 dazavaikAlika ke AThaveM adhyayana meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana milatA hai| 89 yogazAstra meM kahA hai ki krodha ko kSamA se, mAna ko namratA se, mAyA ko saralatA se aura lobha ko nispRhatA se jiiteN|790 zukladhyAna ke zikhara para ArohaNa karane ke lie kaSAya kI alpatA anivArya hai| zrI kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA ne kahA hai- "kSamAdi guNoM meM jitanI dRr3hatA evaM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai, utanI hI zukladhyAna meM pragati hotI jAtI hai| 791 sAmAnya taura para vyakti krodha Adi ke dvArA dainika jIvana meM kriyA-pratikriyA meM rata rahatA hai| usake jIvana kI gatividhiyoM ke mukhya AdhAra krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha-rUpa kaSAyabhAva hI bana jAte haiN| kaSAyabhAva kI vRddhi, jo para-padArthoM ke prati 783 samavAo, samavAya-4, sUtra- 1. 784 vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA- 2985. 785 kohavijaeNaMkhantiM jaNayai .............. || - uttarAdhyayanasUtra- 29/68. 786 mANavijaeNaM maddavaM jaNayai ....................... || - vahI'- 29/69. 79 mAyAvijaeNaM ujjubhAvaM jaNayai ............ || - vahI- 29/70. lobhavijaeNaM saMtosIbhAvaM jaNayai ............ || - vahI- 29/71.. (ka) uvasameNa haNe kohaM, mANaM maddavayA jinne| mAyamajjava bhAveNa, lobhaM saMtosao jinne|| - dazavaikAlikasUtra- 8/39. (kha) dharma ke dasa lakSaNa, pR. 23-28. 790 kSAntyA krodho, mRdutvena mAno mAyA''rjavena ca / lobhazcAnIhayA jeyAH kaSAyAH iti sNgrhH|| - yogazAstra-4/23. 791 dhyAnazataka, saMkalana- kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pR. 104. For Personal & Private Use Only

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238 mamatvabhAva aura bhautika sukha-sAdhanoM para nirbhara karatI hai, ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna kI abhivyakti hai| zukladhyAnavartI ko to Atma-vikAsa priya hotA hai, ataH vaha bhautika sukha-sAdhanoM, para-padArthoM aura AkAMkSAo se pare hotA hai aura kaSAya ko kSINa karate hue kSamA, mArdava, Arjava aura nirlobhatA kA avalambana prApta kara sAdhanA ke kSetra meM pragati karatA hai| __ AcArAMgasUtra, sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMgasUtra aupapAtika 95, uttarAdhyayanasUtra, tattvArthasUtra, mUlAcAra'98, Adi Agama-grathoM meM bhI zukladhyAna ke AlambanoM kA ullekha milatA hai| yadyapi unameM saMkhyA-krama meM bheda haiM, parantu viSaya-vastu meM koI antaraM nahIM hai| uparyukta Agama-granthoM meM dasavidha dharmoM kA bhI varNana hai| unhIM meM se kSamA, mArdava, Arjava aura nirlobhatA- ina cAra AlambanoM ko dhyAnazataka meM zukladhyAna ke Alambana mAnA gayA hai| 1. kSamA-Alambana - dhyAnazataka grantha kI gAthA kramAMka unahattara meM zukladhyAna ke Alambana kA ullekha karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki yadi vizva ke samasta jIvoM ko Atmavat dRSTi se dekheM, to kisI bhI jIva para krodha ke abhAva meM kSamA-guNa kA prakaTIkaraNa hogaa|99 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM mahAvIra deva ne kahA hai ki moha se AtmA nIce giratI hai|800 krodhI vyakti svayaM aura dUsare- donoM ke patana kA kAraNa banatA hai| 792 AcArAMgasUtra- 1/6/5. 793 sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/1/72. 794 samavAyAMgasUtra- 10/1. 795 aupapAtikasUtra (tapavivecanAntargata)- 30. 796 uttarAdhyayanasUtra-9/57. 797 tattvArthasUtra-9/6. 798 mUlAcAra- 11/15. dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 69. 800 ahe vayai kohenn| - uttarAdhyayanasUtra. 801 tatropatApakaH krodhovairasya kAraNam .. ........ sukhaarglaa|| - yogazAstra- 4/9. For Personal & Private Use Only

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yogazAstra meM AcArya hemacandra ne kahA hai ki krodha zarIra aura mana ko kaSTa detA hai, baira se krodha utpanna hotA hai, krodha durgati kA mArga hai, krodha nokSa - sukha meM argalA ke samAna hai| 801 dharmAmRta (anagAra) isake anusAra, krodha eka vizeSa agni hai, kyoMki sAmAnya agni to mAtra zarIra kA dahana karatI hai, parantu krodha, deha aura mana donoM ko bhasmIbhUta kara detA hai| krodha Ane para vyakti avivekI bana jAtA hai aura usa sthiti meM vaha anartha kara DAlatA hai| 802 jJAnArNava 03 meM krodha se hone vAlI hAniyoM evaM pariNAma kA varNana isa prakAra varNita hai ki krodha meM sarvaprathama svayaM kA citta azAnta hotA hai, vidveSa ke bhAvoM meM tIvratA A jAtI hai, vivekarUpI dIpaka bujha jAtA hai / krodhI dUsare ko azAnta kara pAe yA nahIM, para svayaM to jalatA hI hai, jaise diyA - salAI dUsare ko jalAe yA nahIM, svayaM to jala hI jAtI hai I 804 gItA ke antargata zrIkRSNa ne spaSTa kahA hai ki apane nijasvarUpa kA ghAta karane vAle krodha aura lobha naraka ke dvAra haiN| krodhavRtti se mUr3hatA, mUr3hatA se grAhyazakti kA hAsa, smRti ke hrAsa se viveka naSTa aura viveka tathA buddhi ke naSTa hone para sarvanAza hotA hai| 805 krodha para AdhArita vivecanA meM bauddhagrantha aMguttaranikAya meM krodhI vyakti ko sarpa ke samAna mAnA hai 1806 itivRttaka meM buddha ne kahA hai ki krodha se yukta vyakti durgati ko prApta hotA hai, krodha ke tyAga se saMsAra - bhramaNa samApta hotA hai, ataH jar3a se hI krodha ko khatma kara do 1807 239 krodha ke abhAva meM vyakti ke bhItara kSamAvRtti kA AvirbhAva hogA aura kSamAvRtti se samasta jIvoM para maitrIbhAva kA sarjana hogA / 802 dharmAmRta anagAra, adhyAya - 6, zloka - 4. 803 jJAnArNava- 18 / 38 se 77 taka ( krodha tathA nivAraNArtha carcA ) prastuta sandarbha, 'kaSAya', sAdhvI hemaprajJAzrI se uddhRta, pR. 15. 804 805 gItA, adhyAya - 2, zloka - 63. 806 aMguttaranikAya, dvitIya bhAga, pR. 108-109. itivRttaka, nipAta- 1, varga- 1, pR. 02. 807 For Personal & Private Use Only

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uttarAdhyayanasUtra 8 meM mahAvIra deva ne kahA hai ki kSamAbhAva se maitrIbhAva aura maitrIbhAva se sarvaprANiyoM ke prati dayA, karuNA, anukampA prakaTa hotI hai| I prazamaratiprakaraNa ke praNetA umAsvAti ne kSamAdharma kI mahattA para prakAza DAlate hue kahA hai ki dharma kA mUla dayA hai, kintu kSamAbhAva se rahita hRdaya vAlA vyakti dayA ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sktaa| 809 tattvArthasiddhavRtti ke anusAra- kSamA, arthAt titikSA, sahiSNutA, krodhanigraha- ye saba kSamA ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| kSamA zakti - sampanna AtmA ke sahana karane ke pariNAma | titikSA mApha karanA / sahiSNutA - sahanazIla svabhAva / rAjavArttika meM bhI kahA hai ki samagra jIvarAzi ke prati maitrIbhAva honA hI anukampA hai 810 yogazAstra meM likhA hai ki sAdhaka ko krodhAgni ko zAnta karane ke lie ekamAtra kSamA kA AdhAra lenA caahie| 811 krodha-nigraha niSphala karanA kSamA kahalAtA hai| 812 - 810 pratikUla vyavahAra ke uparAnta bhI kisI vyakti ke prati krodhita na honA, sahanazIla rahanA, krodha ko utpanna hI na hone denA, yadi utpanna ho bhI jAe, to viveka tathA namrabhAva se use zAnta kara denA hI kSamA hai| 811 808 palhAyaNabhAvamupagae ya savva pANa- bhUya-jIva-sattesu mittIbhAvamuppAei / 809 dharmasya dayA mUlaM na cAkSamAvAn dayAM samAdatte sarvaprANiSu maitrI anukampA / / - rAjavArtika- 1/2. krodhavanestadahnAyazamanAya || * yogazAstra - 4 / 11. kSamA titikSA sahiSNutvaM krodhanigraha ityanarthAntaram / / tatra kSametyAdinA vivRNoti / uttamatvaM kSameti kSamaNaM - sahanaM pariNAma AtmanaH zaktimataH / azaktasya vA pratIkArAnuSThAne tAM paryAyazabdairAcaSTe / titikSA kssaantiH| sahiSNutvaM sahanazIlatvam / krodhanigrahaH krodhasyodayanirodhaH uditasya vA vivekabalena niSphalatA''pAdanAm 11 - tattvArthasiddhavRtti - 01. 812 240 krodha ke udaya ko rokanA, athavA udIyamAna krodha ko viveka se - 11 For Personal & Private Use Only prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka - 168. uttarAdhyayana- 29 / 62.

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241 dazavaikAlika meM kahA gayA hai ki krodha se prIti kA nAza hotA hai| 13 krodha kA upazamana kSamA se hI sambhava hai| bRhatkalpabhASya meM to yahAM taka kahA gayA hai ki zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke madhya yadi kalaha ho jAe, to usI samaya kSamAyAcanA dvArA use zAnta kara denA caahie| binA kSamAyAcanA ke na to ve gocarI jA sakate haiM, na svAdhyAya kara sakate haiM aura na hI vihArAdi sambhava hai| 14 jaba taka kSamA kA AdAna-pradAna nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka vaha zramaNa athavA zramaNI ArAdhaka hokara bhI virAdhaka kI koTi meM ginA jAtA hai| paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ne kSamA kI sAdhanA ke pAMca upAya batAeM haiM1. apane meM krodha ke nimitta ke hone yA na hone kA cintana krnaa| 2. krodhavRtti ke doSoM para cintana-manana krnaa| 3. bAla-svabhAva kA vicAra krnaa| 4. apane kie hue karma ke pariNAma para vicAra krnaa| 5. kSamA ke guNoM kA cintana-manana krnaa|815 zukladhyAna ke sAdhaka kI mAnasika-vRtti meM krodha utpanna hI nahIM hotA, cAhe kitane kI krodha ke prasaMga upasthita ho jAeM, kyoMki vaha krodha-vijayI bana jAtA hai, jisase usakA antaHkaraNa dayA, karuNA, kSamA-bhAvoM se otaprota rahatA hai, isalie 'kSamA'- yaha zukladhyAnI kA prathama Alambana kahalAtA hai| 2. mArdava Alambana - dhyAnazataka grantha meM kahA gayA hai ki zukladhyAna kA dUsarA Alambana mArdava kahalAtA hai| isa Alambana se zukladhyAna meM pragati hotI hai|816 mArdava, arthAt mRdutA-guNa, isakA prakaTIkaraNa mAna-kaSAya ke kSINa hone se hotA dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki mAna-kaSAya ko mRdutA se jiiteN|17 813 koho pIiM paNAsei .... ......... || - dazavaikAlika- 8/37. . 81 bRhatkalpabhASya-4/15. 815 tattvArthasUtra, paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, pR. 208. 816 dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 69. 817 mANamaddavayA jinne| - dazavaikAlika- 8/39. For Personal & Private Use Only

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ahaMkAra vyakti ko patana ke mArga para prayANa karAtA hai| abhimAnI manuSya kI vRtti svArthamaya hotI hai| maiM hI mahAn hUM, maiM hI saba kucha hUM maiMne aisA kiyA hai, maiMne vaisA kiyA hai, mere pAsa sabakucha hai- vaha isI prakAra se socakara abhimAna karatA hai / jJAnI kahate haiM ki yaha saba mAnava kA jhUThA bhrama hai| abhimAna se manuSya kA viveka naSTa ho jAtA hai| 18 mAna eka aisI manovRtti hai, jisameM vyakti svayaM ko bar3A evaM dUsaroM ko choTA samajhane lagatA hai / sUtrakRtAMga ke anusAra, ahaMkArI apane ghamaNDa meM cUra hokara dUsaroM ko apanI praticchAyA ke samAna nimna samajhatA hai| 819 jJAnArNava ke praNetA zubhacandrAcArya kA kahanA hai ki abhimAnI vinaya kA ullaMghana karatA hai aura svacchandAcArI hotA hai | 820 yogazAstra ke karttA mAnakaSAyajanita hAniyoM kA ullekha karate hue kahate haiM ki mAna se vinaya, zruta aura sadAcAra kA hanana hotA hai| yaha dharma, artha aura kAma kA ghAtaka hai 821 dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM kahA gayA hai ki jaise sUryAsta hote hI aMdherA chA jAtA hai aura nizAcara (rAkSasa) idhara-udhara ghUmane lagate haiM, usI prakAra vivekarUpI sUrya ke asta hote hI moha kA timira cAroM aura phaila jAtA hai, rAgadveSarUpI nizAcara bhaTakane lagate haiM, vyakti anabhijJa hokara svecchAcAra meM pravarttana karatA hai | 822 bhagavatIsUtra kI vRtti meM abhayadevasUri ne likhA hai ki jisa vRtti ke udaya se ahaMkAra kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai - vaha vRtti hI mAna kahalAtI hai| 823 samavAyAMgasUtra 24 tathA bhagavatIsUtra 25 meM ahaMkAra utpanna hone ke ATha hetu batAe gae haiM, isIlie mada (ghamaNDa ) ke ATha prakAra haiM lupyate mAnataH puMsAM vivekAmalalocanam / / aNaM jaNaM pasati biMbabhUyaM karotyuddhatadhIrmAnAdvinayAcAralaghanam / / - vinayazrutazIlAnAM trivargasya ca ghAtaka dharmAmRta (anagAra) adhyAya - 6, zloka - 10. bhagavatIsUtra/rA. 12/u. 5 / sUtra - 3 kI vRtti, vRttikAra - abhayadevasUri. 824 aTTha mayaTNA paNNattA, taM jahA- 'jAtimae, kulamae, balamae, rUvamae, tavamae, suyamae, lAbhamae, issariyama / samavAo, samavAya - 8, sUtra - 1. 818 819 820 821 242 822 823 zubhabhadrAcArya. / / - sUtrakRtAMga- 13/8. jJAnArNava- 19 / 53. -- / / - yogazAstra - 4/12. For Personal & Private Use Only

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243 1. jAti-mada 2. kula-mada 3. rUpa-mada 4. bala-mada 5. zruta-mada 6. tapa-mada .. lAbha-mada aura 8. aishvry-md| mRdutA ina ATha madoM ko samApta kara sakatI hai| mRdutA ke mAdhyama se vyakti kA citta vinamravRttiyukta bana jAtA hai| mRdutA guNa ke prakaTIkaraNa ke bAda jIva ko na to svayaM kI prazaMsA yA sammAna kI apekSA hotI hai aura na hI usakI bar3e-choTe ke pakSapAta kI pravRtti rahatI hai| __ prazamaratiprakaraNa meM kahA hai ki samasta guNa vinayAdhIna haiM aura vinaya mArdavAdhIna hai| jisakI pariNati mArdava-dharma ke anukUla hai, vaha samagra guNoM kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai|826 tattvArthasiddhavRtti ke anusAra- abhimAna ke pariNAma se rahita vartana karanA, jaise- khar3A honA, Asana pradAna karanA, hAtha jor3anA Adi yathocita vinaya karanA aura garva ke pariNAma se AtmA ko dUra rakhanA, jAti, kulAdi ATha prakAra ke jo madyasthAna haiM, unase dUra rahanA hI mArdava-dharma hai|927 sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA gayA hai ki mArdava-dharma ko siddha karane ke lie jAti, kulAdi ke mada kA parityAga jarUrI hai|928 mada ke Aveza kA abhAva hI mArdava hai| - ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra29 ke anusAra- jJAna, pUjA, kula, jAti, bala, Rddhi, tapa, zarIra- ina ATha vastuoM kA abhimAna nahIM karanA mArdava hai, athavA parakRta parAbhimAna kI utpatti ke nimitta milane para bhI abhimAna nahIM karanA mArdava hai|930 ___paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ne tattvArthasUtra meM ise paribhASita karate hue kahA hai ki citta meM mRdutA aura vyavahAra meM bhI namravRtti kA honA mArdava-guNa hai| jAti, kulAdi kI 825 goyamA / jAiamaeNaM, kalaamaeNaM, balaamaeNaM, rUvaamaeNaM, tavaamaeNaM, sayaamaeNaM ___ lAbhaamaeNaM, issariyaamaeNaM ...... || - bhagavatIsUtra- za.- 8, uddezaka- 9. 826 vinayAyattAzca guNAH sarve vinayazca maardvaayttH| yasmin mArdavamakhilaM sa srvgunnbhaaktvmaapnoti|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa- 169. 827 niicairvRttynutsaikaaviti| nIcairvRttiH-abhyutthAnAsanadAnA-jalipragRhyathAhavinayakarUNA rUpAutse kaSTittapariNAmo garvarUpastadviparyayo'nutsekaH .......... || - tattvArthasiddhavRtti- 02. 828 jAtyAdimadAvezAdabhimAnA bhAvoM mArdava mAna nirhaNaM vaa|| - sarvArthasiddhi. 829 jJAnaM pUjAM kula jAti balamRddhi tapo vapuH / aSTAvAzritya mAnitvaM smayamAhurgata smthaaH|| iti zloka kathita syASTa vidyasya madasya samAvezAt parakRta parAbhi-bhavana nimitAbhimAna mukti mArdava mucyte|| - ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra. 830 prastuta sandarbha 'dharmAlaMkAra' pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 37. 1831 tattvArthasUtra, saMkalana- paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, pR. 209. For Personal & Private Use Only

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prApti ke pazcAt ina vastuoM kI vinazvaratA kA vicAra karake abhimAnarUpI zUla ko nikAlakara pheMka denA caahie| 831 cUMki zukladhyAna ke sAdhaka kA hRdaya mRdutA yA namratA se sarAbora hotA hai, isalie mArdava - guNa zukladhyAna kA Alambana kahalAtA hai| + 1 3. Arjava - Alambana dhyAnazataka ke praNetA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne gAthA kramAMka unahattara ke antargata zukladhyAnI ke Alambana kI carcA karate hue kahA hai ki Arjava - guNa kI prApti mAyA- kaSAya ke abhAva se hotI hai| 832 dazavaikAlikasUtra meM bhI yahI kahA gayA hai ki mAyA- kaSAya para vijaya pAne ke lie RjubhAva (saralatA) jarUrI hai| 833 chala, kapaTa aura mAyAvRtti se jIva ananta bAra saMsAra - paribhramaNa kara cukA hai, kara rahA hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI yahI vRtti rahI, to karatA rhegaa| thor3I-sI bhI mAyAcAra kI vRtti bhayaMkara duSpariNAma utpanna kara detI hai| mAyAvI jIva meM kuTilatA kUTa-kUTa kara bharI rahatI hai / dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM to spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA hai ki jisakI kathanI evaM karanI meM antara hai, vaha mAyAvI kahalAtA hai 34 aura mAyAvI kabhI kisI kA vizvAsapAtra nahIM bana sakatA hai, kyoMki usakA antaHkaraNa vizvAsaghAta kI vRtti vAlA hotA hai / AcArAMgasUtra ke anusAra, mAyAvI tathA pramAdI punaH punaH janma-maraNa karatA rahatA hai, usake saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA kabhI anta nahIM hotA / mAyA- kaSAya ke abhAva meM usakI sampUrNa ArAdhanA - sAdhanA niSphala hotI hai| 835 sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke antargata mAyA se hone vAlI hAniyoM kA nirdeza karate hue likhA hai ki mAyAvI kyoM na nirvastra hokara ghora tapasyA karake kRzakAyI hokara vicaraNa kare, sudIrgha tapasyA kare, phira bhI anantakAla taka janma-maraNa karatA rahatA hai | 836 832 dhyAnazataka, gAthA - 69. 833 mAyaM cajjavabhAveNa 834 yo vAcA svamapi svAntaM 835 mAI pamAI puNareha gab 836 je iha mAyAi mijjai, AgaMtA gabbhAya NaMta so|| yogazAstra - 4/14. 837 / / dazavaikAlikasUtra - 8/8/39. / / - dharmAmRta, adhyAya - 8, gAthA - 19. 11 AcArAMgasUtra, adhyAya - 3, uddezaka - 1, sUtra - 14. 244 - * sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, adhyAya - 2, uddezaka - 2, gAthA - 9. For Personal & Private Use Only

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245 yogazAstra meM likhA hai ki mAyAzrita kabhI nahIM rahanA cAhie, kyoMki yaha asatya kI jananI, zIlavRkSa ko naSTa karane vAlI kulhAr3I, mithyAtva aura ajJAna kI janmabhUmi evaM durgati kI dyotaka hai|937 jJAnArNava ke anusAra- yaha mAyA ajJAna kI pRthvI, aprazaMsA kA ghara, pApa kI garta aura mokSapatha kI bAdhaka hai|838 isa mAyA-kaSAya se adhIna hokara jIva kapaTa-vacana se svayaM ke evaM dUsaroM ke prANoM ko saMkaTa meM DAla detA hai aura yadi chala dvArA kArya siddha na ho, to svayaM bahuta bacaina evaM saMtapta hotA hai| mAyA mahAdoSa hai, isameM upayogavRtti na jur3a jAe- isakA khAsa dhyAna rakhanA cAhie / 939 samavAyAMgasUtra40, bhagavatIsUtra41, kasAyapAhuDa942 meM mAyA kI kramazaH satraha, pandraha evaM gyAraha paryAyeM batAI gaI haiN| citta sarala ho, kuTilatArahita ho, mAyA -kaSAyarUpa pravRtti na ho- aisI pravRtti kA nAma hI Arjava-guNa hai| isameM mukhya rUpa se vakratA (doharepana) kA nirasana honA jarUrI hai, kyoMki vakratA hamAre vikAsa ke dvAra banda kara detI hai| tattvArthasUtra meM likhA hai- saralatA se arthAt RjutA se jIva deha kI saralatA, pariNAmoM kI saralatA, bhASA kI abhivyakti kI saralatA aura avisaMvAditA ko prApta karatA hai, jisase dharma-sAdhanA kI pAtratA ke yogya bana jAtA hai|843 kAyA, bhAva tathA bhASA kI saralatA aura avisaMvAdana-yoga zubha-nAmakarma ke hetu haiM344 aura tInoM kI vakratA tathA visaMvAda-yoga azubha-nAmakarma ke hetu haiN|845 838 jJAnArNava, sarga- 19. 839 mokSamArga prakAzaka, paM. ToDaramala, pR. 23. 840 mAyA u vahI niyaDA valae ......... || - samavAo, samavAya- 52, sUtra- 1. 841 bhagavatIsUtra, za.- 12, uddezaka- 5, sUtra- 4. 842 kaSAyacUrNi, adhyAya- 9, gAthA- 88. 843 (ka) yogavakratA visaMvAdanaM cAzubhasya naamnH| viparItaM shubhsy| - tattvArthasUtra- 6/21-22. (kha) ajjavayAeNaM kAujjuyayaM, bhAvujjuyayaM, bhAsujjuyayaM, avisaMvAyaNaM, jnnyi| avisaMvAyaNa-saMpannayAe NaM jIve dhammassa ArAhae bhavai / / - uttarAdhyayana- 29/49. 844 goyamA! kAyaujjuyAe, bhAvujjuyAe, bhAsujjuyayAe avisaMvAyaNajogeNaM subha nAmakammAsarIra jAva pogbNdhe| - bhagavatIsUtra, za.- 8, uddezaka- 1, sUtra- 84. 845 goyamA kAyaaNujjayayAe ......... jAva visaMvAyaNajogeNaM pogbNdhe|| - bhagavatIsUtra- 8/9. 846 nAnArjavo vizadhyati na dhrmmaaraadhytyshuddhaatmaa| For Personal & Private Use Only

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246 prazamaratiprakaraNa ke anusAra zuddhikaraNa meM Arjava kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| azuddha AtmA dharmArAdhanA meM magna nahIM ho sakatI hai, dharma ke binA mokSa nahIM aura mokSa se bar3hakara dUsarA koI sukha nahIM hai|846 tattvArthasiddhavRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki Arjava arthAt saralatA, jahAM kapaTatA kA abhAva hai, vahAM Arjava-dharma hai|947 paM. sukhalAla saMghavI ne tattvArthasUtra ke vivecana meM likhA hai ki bhAva kI vizuddhi, arthAt vicAra, bhASaNa aura vyavahAra kI ekatA hI Arjava-guNa hai| isakI prApti ke lie kuTilatA yA mAyAcArI ke doSoM ke pariNAma kA vicAra karanA caahie|848 ___ bauddha-paramparA ke aMguttaranikAya meM kahA gayA hai ki mAyA, chala, kapaTa, zaThatA, ThaganA Adi durgati ke hetu haiM, jabaki saralatA, RjutA Adi svarga yA mokSa ke hetu haiN|949 Arjava-guNa kA prakaTIkaraNa mAyA-kaSAya ke abhAva meM hotA hai, ataH Arjava -guNa zukladhyAna kA AdhAra va Alambana hotA hai| 4. mukti-Alambana - dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka unahattara meM zukladhyAna ke cauthe Alambana kA ullekha karate hue granthakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kahate haiM ki jaba kaSAya pUrNarUpeNa kSINa hotA hai, taba mukti kA AvirbhAva ho jAtA hai|850 mukti kA apara nAma nirlobhatA hai, kyoMki sabhI bandhanoM, doSoM kA kAraNa viSaya-sukha kA pralobhana hai|851 lobha ke abhAva meM santoSa-guNa prakaTa hotA hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM ullekha hai ki sukha kI lAlasA vAlA lobhI vyakti punaH punaH duHkhamaya jIvana vyatIta karatA hai|852 dharmAddate na mokSo mokSAtparaM sukhaM nAnyat / / - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zloka- 170. 847 RjubhAvaH Rjukarma vaa''rjvm| - tattvArthasiddhavRtti. 848 tattvArthasUtra - vive.- paM. sukhalAla saMghavI, pR. 209. 849 aMguttaranikAya- 2/15, 17. 850 aha khaMti- maddava'jjava muttIo ........... || - dhyAnazataka, gAthA- 69. . 851 jainadharma meM dhyAna - kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pR. 130. 852 suhaTThI lAlappabhANe saeNa dukkheNa mUDhe vippariyAsamuveti ..... / / - AcArAMgasUtra, adhyAya- 2, uddezaka- 6/151. For Personal & Private Use Only

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247 sthAnAMgasUtra meM lobha ko AmiSAvarta kahate haiN| jisa prakAra giddhAdi pakSI mAMsa pAne ke lie idhara-udhara bhaTakate haiM, usI prakAra lobhI vyakti para-padArthoM yA iSTa-padArthoM ko pAne ke lie idhara-udhara bhaTakatA hai|853 dazavaikAlika meM kahA hai ki lobhavRtti sarvanAza kara DAlatI hai|854 prazamaratiprakaraNa meM varNana milatA hai ki sarva vinAzoM kA mukhya AdhAra lobha hai, yaha sabhI vyasanoM kA mukhya patha hai|855 yogazAstra meM kahA gayA hai ki lobha-kaSAya samasta doSoM kI khAna hai, sarvaguNoM kA ghAtaka, duHkha kA kAraNa evaM dharma-artha-kAma-mokSarUpa puruSArthoM kA ghAtaka hai, ataH lobha durjeya hai|856 jJAnArNava meM likhA hai ki pApa kA bApa lobha hai, jo sabhI anarthoM kA mUla hai|857 dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM batAyA gayA hai ki lobhagrasta vyakti apane svAmI, guru, kuTumbajana, asahAyoM ko bhI nissaMkoca maraNAnta kaSTa taka bhI dene meM pIche nahIM rhtaa| aisA vyakti apanI icchApUrti ke lie rizte-nAte taka tor3a detA hai|858 __ jaba taka vyakti isa kaSAya se pIr3ita nahIM hotA hai, taba taka hI mitratA nibhAtA hai, apane Azrita rahane vAloM kI sAra-sambhAla meM dhyAna detA hai aura jaise hI lobhavRtti utpanna hotI hai, vaha saba-kucha bhUla jAtA hai, mAtra svArthapUrti meM dina-rAta saMlagna rahatA mokSamArga-prakAzaka meM likhA hai- pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSaya evaM mAna-kaSAya kI pUrti kI lAlasA bhI lobha hI hai|859 cintAmaNi meM lobha ke do ugra lakSaNa batAe haiM- 1. asantoSa 2. anya vRttiyoM kA dmn|880 jaise-jaise lAbha bar3hatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise lobhavRtti bhI bar3hatI jAtI hai|881 85 AmisAvatasamANo lobhe|| - sthAnAMgasUtra- 4/4/653. 854 loho savva viNAsai ............. || - dazavaikAlika- 8/38. 855 sarvavinAzAzrayiNaH srvvysnaikraajmaargsy| lobhasya ko mukhagataH kSaNamapi duHkhaaNtrmupeyaat|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa- 29. 856 AkaraH sarvadoSANAM guNagrasanarAkSasaH ............. || - yogazAstra, prakaraNa- 4, gAthA- 18. 857 svAmigurUbandhuvRddhAna ......... / / - jJAnArNava, sarga- 19, zloka- 70. 858 tAvatkItya ........... || - dharmAmRta, adhyAya-6, gAthA- 27. 859 mokSamArga prakAzaka, pR. 53. For Personal & Private Use Only

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aisI sthiti meM mAna-apamAna, dayA- karuNA, nyAya-anyAya to vismRta hotA hI hai, parantu kaI bAra to kSudhA tRSA, nidrA-vizrAma, sukha-bhoga kI icchA kA bhI damana ho jAtA ,862 samavAyAMgasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra 864 aura satraha paryAyavAcI nAma batAe gae haiN| 1860 cintAmaNi, bhAga - 2, pR. 83. 861 jahA lAho tahA loho, lAhA lohoM pavaDDhai / / - 865 kaSAyapAhuDa meM to lobha ke bIsa paryAyavAcI nAma milate haiM / sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai- cAra khaDDe, jo kabhI nahIM bharate -- 1. zmazAna kA khaDDA, 2. peTa kA khaDDA, 3. samudra kA khaDDA, 4. lobha kA khaDDA kitanA bhI DAlo, parantu ye kabhI pUrNa nahIM hote | 866 ina sabhI khaDDoM meM bhojaprabandha 7 meM likhA hai- lobha pApa kI pratiSThA hai, lobha hI pApa kI jananI hai aura lobha hI pApa kI mUla jar3a hai, kyoMki rAgadveSotpatti vahIM se prArambha hotI hai| gItA 68 meM zrIkRSNa arjuna ko upadeza dete hue kahate haiM ki antarAtmA arthAt adhyavasAyoM ke zuddhikaraNa hetu saMtoSa - guNa grAhya hai / santoSa hI AtmA kA parama hitakArI, kalyANakArI mitra hai| saMsAra meM santoSI sadA sukhI rahatA hai| samatA athavA santoSa ke dvArA lobha yA tRSNA kI vRtti ko sarvathA nirmUla karanA hI nirlobhatA arthAt 862 863 lobhe icchA mucchA kaMkhA gehI 864 ahaM bhaMte / lobhe icchA mucchA I uttarAdhyayanasUtra. prastuta sandarbha 'kaSAya', sAdhvI hemaprajJAzrI pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 35. 868 865 kAmo rAga NidANo 866 sthAnAMgasUtra. 867 lobhaH pratiSThA pApasya, prasUtirlobha eva c| dveSa-krodhAdijanako lobha pApasya kAraNam / / - zuddhayati cAntarAtmA / / AtmA -- ina donoM sUtroM meM lobha ke kramazaH caudaha || || * samavAo, samavAya - 52, sUtra - 1. bhagavatIsUtra, zaM. - 12, uddezaka - 5, sUtra - 5. / / - kaSAyacUrNi, adhyAya - 9, gAthA - 89. 248 bhojaprabandha. gItA, prastuta sandarbha dharmAlaMkAra pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 54. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #272
prazamaratiprakaraNavRtti meM likhA hai ki bhItarI zuddhikaraNa hetu zAstroM meM upadiSTa vidhivat pravRtti honA cAhie / yahI nirlobhatA kA mUla kAraNa hai aura lobha kA tyAga hI yathArtha rUpa se mukti hai / tattvArthasiddhavRtti ke anusAra, mukti yAnI alobha, sntoss| dharma ke upakaraNoM evaM deha taka kI mamattvavRtti kA tyAga hI nirlobhatA athavA zoca-dharma hai 1870 zukladhyAna ke dhyAtA ko kisI prakAra kI koI icchA, AkAMkSA yA lobha nahIM rahatA, vaha pUrNarUpeNa kaSAya - mukta rahatA hai| AtmA ke nija svarUpa meM sthita rahane ke atirikta kisI bhI vastu para mamatva na rakhanA hI mukti arthAt nirlobhatA hai| zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ke zabdoM meM- "nirlobhI sAdhaka aparigrahI hone se AkulatA - vyAkulatA, cintA, bhaya Adi una samasta duHkhoM se baca jAtA hai, dhanalolupa parigrahI puruSoM ko ye duHkha sahana karane par3ate haiN| nirlobhI sAdhaka nirAkula, nizcinta nirbhayI hotA hai| muktiguNa kI abhivyakti lobhakaSAya ke kSaya se hotI hai, ataH muktiguNa zukladhyAna kA Alambana hai / "871 AvazyakacUrNi872, tattvArthasUtra 73 yogazAstra74 adhyAtmasAra 875, dhyAnavicAra 76 dhyAnakalpatarU' 77, dhyAnadIpikA 78 jainasiddhAntadIpikA 9 tathA 869 870 alobhaH zaucalakSaNa 871 jainadharma meM dhyAna, kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pR. 130. 872 AlaMbaNANi cattAri - khaMtI, muttI, ajjavaM maddavaMti / / - AvazyakacUrNi 873 uttamaH kSamA-mArdava''rjava - zauca / / - tattvArthasUtra - 9/6. 874 zrutAvalambanapUrve 'dhyAyecchuklamatha kSAntimRdutvArjavamuktibhiH 875 876 dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, AcArya zrImadakalApUrNasUri, pR. 35. 877 dhyAnakalpatarU, amolaka RSi, caturtha zAkhA, patra- 1-4, pR. 373-380. zrutajJAnArthasaMbandhAt . zAnti-mukti-Arjava 878 malaprakSAlanAdiSvapi pravacanoktena vidhinA'nuSTheyam / - prazamaratiprakaraNavRtti, zloka - 171. / / - tattvArthasiddhivRtti, sanmArga prakAzana, dhyAnazataka, pR. 123. 879 - 11 yogazAstra - 11/13. || - adhyAtmasAra, adhyAya- 16, zloka - 73. || dhyAnadIpikA, zloka - 197, pR. 375-375. / / - jainasiddhAntadIpikA, AcArya tulasI, pR. 160. 880 carcAsAgara, paM. campAlAla viracita, carcA saMkhyA - 164, pR. 219. 249 For Personal & Private Use Only

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250 carcAsAgara Adi granthoM meM saMkSipta rUpa se zukladhyAna ke kSamA, mArdava, Arjava aura mukti- ina cAra AlambanoM kA ullekha milatA hai| Alambana kI AvazyakatA dhyAna ke lie dhyeya kA nirdhAraNa Avazyaka hotA hai| jaina-darzana meM dhyAna zabda ko vyApaka artha meM lekara usako dhyeya ke sAtha jor3ane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna kA jo dhyeya hotA hai, yA dUsare zabdoM meM, dhyAna ke cintana ke jo-jo viSaya hote haiM, ve hI dhyAna ke Alambana kahe jAte haiN| dhyeya ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai- 1. dravya-dhyeya aura 2. bhaav-dhyey| hamAre samakSa jar3a yA cetana jo padArtha upasthita hote haiM, jaba unheM dhyeya banA liyA jAtA hai, to ve dravya-dhyeya kahalAte haiN| dhyAna kA dhyeya ke rUpa meM pariNamana honA bhAva-dhyeya kahalAtA hai| jaise-jaise dhyAna abhyastha hotA jAegA, vaise-vaise dhyAna dhyeya ke rUpa meM parivartita hotA calA jaaegaa|881 dhyAna ke viSaya kA caitasika-bimba hI bhAva-dhyeya hai| sAmAnyatayA, jaina-darzana meM dhyAna ko cittavRtti kA nirodha na mAnakara cittavRtti kI ekAgratA mAnA jAtA hai aura cittavRtti kI ekAgratA ke lie Alambana Avazyaka hotA hai| jo citta caMcala hotA hai, vaha lakSyavedha karane meM saphala nahIM hotA hai, ataH dhyAna meM dhyeyarUpa Alambana kI apekSA rahatI hai| lakSyavedha ekAgratA meM hI sambhava hai aura yaha ekAgratA kisI Alambana kA sahArA lekara hI sambhava hotI hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki dhyAna ke lie dhyeya yA Alambana kI sabase jyAdA AvazyakatA hotI hai| jisa prakAra yadi eka pazu adhika bhAga-daur3a karatA hai, dUsaroM ke khetoM ko nukasAna pahuMcAtA hai, to usakI una sabhI gatividhiyoM ko rokane ke lie use kisI eka jagaha bAMdha diyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra citta ko bhI ekAgra hone ke lie kisI eka viSaya para keMdrita karanA hotA hai| jisa prakAra pazu kI bhAga-daur3a ko samApta karane ke lie use khUTe se bAMdhane kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, usI taraha mana kI 881 dravyadhyeyaM bahirvastu cetanAcetanAtkam bhAvadhyeyaM punarpAyasannibhadhyAnaparyayaH / / - prastuta sandarbha- taba hotA hai dhyAna kA janma pustaka se uddhRta. For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #274
251 bhAga-daur3a ko samApta karane ke lie aura citta kI ekAgratA ko banAe rakhane ke lie Alambana kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| Alambana kA artha hai-- kisI eka viSaya yA vastu para citta ko keMdrita karane kA abhyAsa krnaa| Alambana ke mAdhyama se cittavRtti vAMchita viSaya para kendrita hotI hai| phalataH, cittavRtti kI caMcalatA samApta hokara citta ekAgra hone lagatA hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM, to citta kI ekAgratA ke lie prAthamika stara para Alambana Avazyaka hai| mana yA citta nirviSaya hokara apanA astitva kho detA hai| yadi dhyAna cittavRtti kI ekAgratA kI sAdhanA hai, to usake lie dhyAna meM Alambana kI AvazyakatA banI rahatI hai| Alambana se nirAlambana kI ora yadyapi dhyAna ke lie Alambana kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, kintu dhyAna kA lakSya to Alambana se nirAlambana kI ora hI hotA hai| cAhe koI bhI sAdhanA-paddhati ho, usameM yogasAdhanA yA dhyAnasAdhanA kA lakSya cittavRtti kA vilaya hI bhAnA gayA hai| - mokSa kA antima sAdhana 'yoga' hai- yaha bAta na kevala jainadarzana svIkAra karatA hai, apitu samasta bhAratIya-darzana samaveta rUpa se isakA samarthana karate haiN|882 ___ vaidika-sAhitya ke antargata yoga kA sAdhya samAdhi se hai,383 jabaki jaina tathA bauddha-sAhitya meM yoga kA sAmAnya artha kriyA yA pravRtti hai, jo zubha aura azubha- donoM prakAroM se hotI hai|984 bauddha-sAhitya meM varNita kAyayoga, bhAvayoga aura dRSTiyoga ityAdi meM yoga zabda kA prayoga bandhana athavA saMyojana ke artha meM huA hai|985 yoga zabda kA sIdhA artha haijodd'naa|886. 882 (ka) yogaH kalpatarU: zreSTho yogazcintAmaNiH paraH / yoga pradhAnaM dharmANAM yogaH siddhe svayaM grahaH / / - yogabindu, zloka- 37. (kha) yogaH samAdhi sa ca sArvabhaumazcittasya dharmaH / (ga) dIrghanikAya- 1/2, pR. 28-29. 883 yuja samAdho (divAdigaNIya-yujyate Adi) pANinIya dhAtupATha- 4/68. 884 (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, adhyAya- 29, gAthA- 8. (kha) aMguttaranikAya- 2/12. 885 abhidharmakoza- 5/40. 886 yujira yoga (rudhAdigaNIya-yunakti, yuGate Adi), pANinIya dhAtupATha- 7/7. For Personal & Private Use Only

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252 jainadarzana meM yoga zabda kA prayoga Asrava ke artha meM bhI huA hai,987 sAtha hI yaha bhI jAnA hai ki azubha pApa-karmoM kA prakSAlana dhyAna jaise prazasta-yoga dvArA hI sambhava hai|888 jainAgamoM meM mana-vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti ke artha meM bhI yoga zabda kA prayoga huA hai|889 pAtaMjala yogasUtra290 meM kahA gayA hai ki yogazcittasya cittavRttiH nirodhaH / jaina-paramparA meM bhI dhyAna-sAdhanA kA lakSya mana ko amana banAnA hai, yA manoyoga kA nirodha hI hai| dhyAna meM jaba taka Alambana rahatA hai, taba taka cittavRtti cAhe ekAgra ho, kintu vaha nirvikalpa nahIM hotI hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM citta jaba Alambana se Upara uTha jAtA hai, taba citta yA mana nirviSaya ho jAtA hai aura nirviSaya mana vastutaH mana na rahakara amana ho jAtA hai| yoganirodha, cittavRtti kA nirodha yA mana kA nirodha- yaha nirAlambana-dazA meM hI sambhava hai| jaba taka Alambana hai, taba taka cittavRtti nirviSaya nahIM hotI hai aura aisI sthiti meM citta yA mana jIvita banA rahatA hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA kA lakSya to mana se pare jJAtA-dRSTA bhAva meM avasthiti hai| jJAtA-dRSTA hone ke lie kisI Alambana kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| nirAlambana nirvikalpa aura nirviSaya AtmasattA kI anubhUti hI dhyAna-sAdhanA kA antima lakSya hai, ataH dhyAna-sAdhanA meM prAthamika staroM para Alambana kI apekSA hotI hai, kintu anta meM Alambana kA parityAga karake nirAlambana kI dazA meM cetanA kI sthiti hI dhyAna-sAdhanA kI sArthakatA hai| jisa prakAra eka bAlaka ko prAthamika stara para svara aura vyaMjanoM kA bodha karAne ke lie yaha sikhAyA jAtA hai ki 'a' anAra kA, 'A' Ama kA Adi, kintu yadi bAlaka jIvanabhara yahI karatA rahe, to zikSA ke kSetra meM usakI pragati sambhava nahIM hai, usI 887 tattvArthasUtra- 6/12. 888 Avazyaka niryakti , bhAga-2, gAthA- 1232 evaM 1250, pR. 50. 889 (ka) jhANajogaM samAhaTTa kAyaM vosejja svvso| - sUtrakRtAMga- 1/8/27. (kha) iha jIviyaM aNiyamittA pabbhaTThA smaahijogehiN| - uttarAdhyayana-8/14. (ga) tavaM cimaM saMjamajogayaM ca sajjhAyajogaM ca sayA ahitttthe| - dazavaikAlika-8/161. 890 cittavRttinirodhayogaH / - yogazAstra- 1/2. For Personal & Private Use Only

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253 taraha prAthamika stara para Alambana lenA par3atA hai, kintu use anta meM chor3anA bhI hotA hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM sAdhanA ko svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, kintu lakSyaprApti ke samaya usakA parityAga bhI Avazyaka hotA hai, ataH dhyAna ke kSetra meM hameM Alambana se nirAlambana kI ora pragati karanA hotI hai| - ------000---------- For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #277
jinabhadagaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadrIya TIkA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana caturtha adhyAya 1. dhyAna kA svAmI 2. dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya meM bhedAbheda kA prazna 3. dhyAtA ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ {caudaha | guNasthAna} 4. ArtadhyAna ke svAmI kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ 5. raudradhyAna ke svAmI kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ 6. dharmadhyAna ke svAmI kI bhUmikA ke sambandha meM zvetAmbara tathA digambara-paramparA kA matabheda 7. dharmadhyAna meM piNDastha, rUpastha evaM rUpAtIta dhyAnoM kA svarUpa 8. pArthivAdi cAra prakAra kI dhAraNAoM kA svarUpa evaM jaina-paramparA meM vikAsa For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #278
254 adhyAya-4 dhyAna ke svAmI saMsAra kI samasta jIvarAzi meM dhyAna kI yogyatA pAI jAtI hai, kyoMki jaina--darzana ke siddhAntAnusAra ArtadhyAna tathA raudradhyAna to. saMsArI-jIvoM ke sAtha anAdikAla se lage hue haiN| vyApaka dRSTi se to dhyAna meM prazasta aura aprazasta donoM hI prakAra ke dhyAnoM kA samAveza hotA hai| tattvAnuzAsana meM likhA hai jo isa loka-paraloka kI phalAkAMkSA, icchAoM, apekSAoM se grasita hai, ve saba ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna ke adhikArI hote haiM, isalie ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna ko tyAgakara vyakti ko dharmadhyAna evaM zukladhyAna kI upAsanA karanI caahie|' DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA isa sandarbha meM yaha kahanA hai -"hameM yaha mAnanA hogA ki aprazasta dhyAnoM kI pAtratA to apUrNa rUpa se vikasita sabhI prANiyoM meM kisI na kisI rUpa meM rahI huI hai| mithyAdRSTi-guNasthAna meM sthita nAraka, tiryaMca, manuSya tathA deva Adi sabhI meM ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna pAe jAte haiN| yadyapi ArtadhyAna pramattasaMyata nAmaka chaThaveM guNasthAna meM bhI rahatA hai, kintu jaba hama dhyAna kA tAtparya kevala prazastadhyAna arthAt dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna se lete haiM, to hameM yaha mAnanA hI hogA ki ina dhyAnoM ke adhikArI athavA svAmI sabhI prANI nahIM haiN|"2 dhyAna ke svAmI ke sandarbha meM sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMgasUtra, mUlAcAra, aupapAtika Adi sUtroM meM kisI bhI prakAra kA koI ullekha upalabdha nahIM hai| / ka) yaddhyAnaM raudramArtaM vA, ydaihikphlaarthinaam| . tasmAdetatparityajya, dharmya zuklampAsyatAm / / - tattvAnuzAsana, 220 kha) iSTopadeza zloka, TIkA 20, pRSTha 23 jainasAdhanA paddhati meM dhyAna, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR.22-23 For Personal & Private Use Only

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255 'dhyAnazataka' ke antargata tattvArthasUtra kI taraha dhyAna ke Artta, raudra, dharma aura zukla -ina cAra prakAroM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura sAtha hI ina cAroM dhyAnoM ke cAra -cAra bheda bhI kahe gae haiN| 1. ArtadhyAna kA svAmI - tattvArthasUtra' tathA dhyAnazataka ina donoM granthoM ke abhiprAya se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ArtadhyAna chaThaveM guNasthAna taka hI saMbhava hai, arthAt ArtadhyAna avirata (mithyAdRSTi), dezavirata (zrAvaka) aura pramatta-saMyata (chaThaveM guNasthAnavartI muni) ko hotA hai| uparyukta sabhI avasthAoM meM pramAda hI mUla kAraNa hai, ataH zramaNoM tathA zrAvakoM ko pramAda kA tyAga avazya karanA caahie| guNasthAna ke AdhAra para asaMyamI-avirata (mithyAdRSTi, aviratasamyagdRSTi) kathaMcid saMyamI-dezavirataM aura pramAdasahita saMyamI dvArA kie jAne vAlA ArtadhyAna hI pramAda kA hetu hai, ataH zramaNoM ke ArtadhyAna kA tyAga karanA cAhie, parantu pramattasaMyatoM ko udaya kI tIvratA se ArtadhyAna ke nidAna bheda ko chor3akara zeSa tIna ArtadhyAna rahate haiN|' 'tattvArthavArtika' 6 meM bhI yahI likhA hai ki pramattasaMyatoM meM 'nidAna' nAmaka ArtadhyAna kA abhAva hotA hai, zeSa ArttadhyAnoM kI sattA saMbhava hai| harivaMzapurANa' meM bhI kevala itanA hI likhA hai ki ArttadhyAna chaha guNasthAna bhUmivAlA hai, arthAt chaha guNasthAnoM meM hI hotA hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM bhI yahI likhA hai ki ArtadhyAna 'SaDguNasthAnabhUmika' vAlA hai aura isakA bhI nirdeza hai ki ' tadavirata-dezavirata-pramattasaMyatAnAm / - tattvArthasUtra (di.) 9/34, (zve.) 9/35 * tadaviraya-desavirayA-pamAyaparasaMjayANugaM jhaannN| savvappamAyamUlaM vajjeyavvaM jijnnennN| - dhyAnazataka, 18 tatrAvirata-dezaviratAnAM caturvidhamArtaM bhavati asaMyamapariNAmopetatvAt / pramattasaMyatAnAM tu nidAnavaya'manyadArtatrayaM pramAdodayodrekAt kadAcit syaat|| - sarvArthasiddhi, 9/34 kadAcita prAcyamArtadhyAnatrayaM prmttaanaam| nidAnaM varjayitvA anyadArtatrayaM pramAdodayodrekAt kadAcit pramattasaMyatAnAM bhavati - tattvArthavArtika, 9/34/1 7 adhiSThAnaM pramAdo'sya, tiryaggatiphalasya hi| parokSaM mizrako bhAvaH, SaDguNasthAnabhUmikam / / - harivaMzapurANa, sarga 56, zlo.18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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256 saMyatAsaMyatoM meM cAroM prakAra ke ArtadhyAna zakya haiM, parantu pramatta-saMyatoM meM nidAna ke binA zeSa tIna prakAra ke ArttadhyAna hote haiN| isa prakAra, yahA~ ArttadhyAna ke svAmI kI carcA samApta karate hue raudradhyAna ke svAmI ke sandarbha meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai - 2. raudradhyAna kA svAmI - 'dhyAnazataka' ke antargata raudradhyAna ke svAmI kA nirUpaNa karate hue granthakAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne kahA hai ki avirata aura dezavirata guNasthAna meM raudradhyAna hotA hai| ina donoM guNasthAnoM meM ArtadhyAna bhI hotA hai, parantu antara itanA hai ki ArttadhyAna kI apekSA raudradhyAna meM atisaMkliSTa pariNAma rahate haiN|' tattvArthasUtra", sarvArthasiddhi", tattvArthavArtika , harivaMzapurANa13 aura jJAnArNava'" Adi granthoM meM yaha nirdiSTa hai ki raudradhyAna kA astitva eka se pA~ca guNasthAna taka hI hotA hai| 3. dharmadhyAna kA svAmI - dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ke sambandha meM jainadharma ke zvetAmbara evaM digambara sampradAyoM meM matabheda rahA huA hai| 8 apathyamapi paryante rmympygrimkssnne| viddhyasaddhyAnametaddhi ssddgunnsthaanbhuumikm| saMyatAsaMyateSvetaccaturbhedaM prjaayte| pramattasaMyatAnAM tu nidAnarahitaM tridhaa|| -jJAnArNava, 38-39 1 aviraya-desAsaMjayajaNamaNasaMseviyamahaNNaM / / - dhyAnazataka, zlo. 23 1deg tattvArthasUtra, 9/35 / sarvArthasiddhi 9/35 12 tattvArthavArtika 9/35 13 harivaMzapurANa 56/26 14 jJAnArNava 36 For Personal & Private Use Only

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'dhyAnazataka' grantha ke granthakAra ne kahA hai ki jisa sAdhaka kA antaHkaraNa samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, samyakcAritra tathA vairAgyabhAva se otaprota hai, vaha dharmadhyAna kA adhikArI kahalAtA hai / 15 dUsare zabdoM meM, jo zramaNa mada, viSaya, kaSAya, vikAra Adi sarvapramAdoM se rahita haiM, jinakA moha patalA athavA upazAnta ho gayA hai, aise jJAnI sAdhaka dharmadhyAna ke svAmI haiN| 'tattvArthasUtra' meM dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ko lekara kucha bhinnatA hai| zvetAmbaraparAmparAnusAra dharmadhyAnIvartI meM apramattasaMyata, upazAntakaSAya aura kSINakaSAya guNasthAna hote haiM, arthAt sAtaveM guNasthAna se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka dharmadhyAna zakya hai / 16 digambara - paramparAnusAra tattvArthasUtra ke mUlapATha meM dharmadhyAnAdhikArI kA varNana nahIM hai, kintu tattvArthasUtra kI digambara- TIkAoM meM pUjyapAda akalaMka tathA vidyAnandI ne isakA varNana kiyA hai ki cauthe guNasthAna se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka hI dharmadhyAna rahatA hai, Age ke guNasthAnoM meM dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai / 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM itanA likhA hai ki avirata, dezavirata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasaMyata -ina cAra guNasthAnoM meM dharmadhyAna hotA hai| 17 257 18 bRhadravyasaMgrahaTIkA 8 aura amitagatizrAvakAcAra 19 meM bhI dharmadhyAnI ke astitva ko avirata, dezavirata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasaMyata - ina cAra AdhyAtmika - vikAsa kI bhUmiyoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai / tattvArthavArttika meM dharmadhyAna ke adhikArI ke bAre meM koI spaSTa nirdeza nahIM hai, zaMkA ke nivAraNa meM jarUra Is savvappamAyarahiyA muNao khINovasaMta mohA ya / jhAyAro nANa-dhaNA dhammajjhANassa niddiTThA | | 1 16 ..apramattasaMyatasya / upazAnta kSINakaSAyozca / / * tattvArthasUtra 9 / 37-38 sarvArthasiddhi 9 / 36 " tadavirata - dezavirata - pramattApramattasaMyatAnAM bhavati / / 18. tAratamyavRddhikrameNAsaMyatasamyagdRSTi - dezavirata pramattasaMyatApramattAbhidhAna-caturguNasthAnavartijIvasambhavam / / - bRhadravyasaMgraha, TIkA 48, pR. 175 19 amitagati zrAvakAcAra 15-17 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 63 For Personal & Private Use Only

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258 thor3A-bahuta prasaMga AyA hai| 'dhavalA' meM bahuta hI spaSTa rUpa se dharmyadhyAna ke pAtra kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki sakaSAyI jIvAtmA hI dharmadhyAna kA adhikArI hai, kyoMki dharmadhyAna kI kArya-praNAlI asaMyatasamyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata, pramattasaMyata, apramattasaMyata, apUrvasaMyata, anivRttisaMyata aura sUkSmasAmparAyika-kSapakoM evaM upazamakoM meM hotI hai; yaha jinezvara-vANI se jAnA jAtA hai| 'AdipurANa' ke anusAra, samyagdRSTiyoM, saMyatAsaMyatoM aura pramattasaMyatoM meM dharmadhyAna kI sthiti saMbhava hai| 'tattvAnuzAsana' meM likhA hai ki dharmyadhyAna apramattoM meM aura aupacArika itaroM meM samyagdRSTi, dezasaMyata aura pramattasaMyatoM meM hotA hai| 23 AvazyakacUrNi, 24 yogazAstra,25 dhyAnadIpikA Adi granthoM meM bhI dharmadhyAna kI pAtratA kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| sAmAnyatayA, cauthe guNasthAna arthAt samyakdarzana ko prApta karane ke bAda hI sAdhaka dharmadhyAna kI pAtratA ko pAtA hai| dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ke prazna ko lekara aneka matabheda haiN| 4. zukladhyAna kA svAmI - dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ke pazcAt zukladhyAna ke adhikArI kA paricaya dete hue 'dhyAnazataka' ke kartA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne kahA hai ki dharmadhyAna meM abhyast 20 tattvArthavArtika - 9/36, 14-16 21asaMjadasammAdidi-saMjadAjada-pamattasaMjada-appamattasaMjada-apavvasaMjada-aNiyaTTisaMjada- sahama sAMparAiya-khavagovasAmaesu dhammajjhANassa pavuttI hodi tti jinnovesaado|| - dhavalA, pustaka 13, pR.74 22 AdipurANa, 21/155-156 " mukhyopacAra bhedena dharmyadhyAnamiha-dvidhA / apramatteSu tnmukhymitressvaupcaarikm| - tattvAnuzAsana,47 24 paMcAsapaDivirao caritta jogaMmi vaTTamANo u| suttatthamaNusaraMto dhammajjhAyI munneyvvo|| -AvazyakacUrNi-7 23 sumerUriva nisskmp......prshsyte|| - yogazAstra-7/7 26 jJAnavairAgyasaMpanna ........nirmamaH samatAlIno dhyAtA syAt zuddhamAnasaH / / -dhyAnadIpikA- 130-133 For Personal & Private Use Only

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259 ho jAne ke bAda jo pUrva ke jJAtA aura suprazasta saMhanana arthAt vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhanana vAle zramaNa hote haiM, ve hI zukladhyAna ke prathama do bhedoM pRthaktvavitarkavicAra aura ekatvavitarkaavicAra ke dhyAtA hote haiN| sayogI-kevalI tIsare sUkSmakriyAanivRtti-zukladhyAna ke aura ayogI-kevalI cauthe vyucchinnakriyA-apratipAtIzukladhyAna ke adhikArI hote haiN| . . __'tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra, zrutakevalI zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNoM ke tathA kevalI zukladhyAna ke carama do caraNa ke adhikArI kahalAte haiN| sarvArthasiddhi tattvArthavArtika meM likhA hai ki zrutakevalI meM pUrva ke do zukladhyAnoM ke sAtha dharmyadhyAna bhI hotA hai| vizeSa itanA hai ki zreNI car3hane ke pahale dharmadhyAna aura donoM zreNiyoM meM ve do zukladhyAna hote haiN| 'tattvArthAdhigamabhASyasammata' sUtrapATha ke anusAra upazAntakaSAya aura kSINakaSAya ke dharmyadhyAna ke sAtha prathama ke do zukladhyAna bhI hote haiN| .. 'dhavalA' meM zukladhyAna ke svAmI ke sandarbha meM yaha abhiprAya prakaTa kiyA gayA hai ki prathama zukladhyAna kA dhyAtA caudaha, dasa yA nau pUrva kA jJAtA, tIna prakAra ke prazasta saMghayaNa vAlA aura upazAntakaSAya-vItarAga-chadmastha hotA hai| zukladhyAna ke dUsare bheda kA svAmI caudaha, dasa athavA nau pUrvo kA jAnakAra, prathama saMghayana vAlA tathA anyatara saMsthAnavAlA, kSAyikasamyagdRSTi kSINakaSAyI hotA hai| 33 eka bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai ki yahA~ bArahaveM guNasthAna meM zukladhyAna ke dUsare bheda aura 27 etecciya puvvANaM puvvadharA suppstthsNghynnaa| doNha sajogAjogA sukkANa praannkevlinno|| - dhyAnazataka-64 28 zukle cAdye pUrvavidaH / pare kevalinaH / / - tattvArthasUtra, 6/39, 40 29 ca-zabdena dharmyamapi smucciiyte| tatra vyAkhyAnato vizeSapratipattiriti zreNyArohaNAt prAgdharmyam, zreNyoH zukle iti vyaakhyaayte|| - sarvArthasiddhi, 9/37 30 tattvArthavArtika, 9/37 // zukle caadye|| - tattvArthasUtra 9/39 22 dhavalA, pustaka, 13, pR. 78 33 vahI, pustaka 13, pR. 79 For Personal & Private Use Only

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260 kSINakaSAyakAla meM zukladhyAna ke prathama bheda ke hone kI sambhAvanA prakaTa kI gaI hai| zukladhyAna ke tIsare bheda kA pragaTIkaraNa kevalI-avasthA35 meM aura cauthe bheda kA pragaTIkaraNa yoganirodha ke pazcAt zailezI-avasthA meM saMbhava hai| AdipurANa" ke anusAra zukladhyAna ko zukla tathA paramazukla -ina do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| inameM chadmasthoM ko to upazAMtamoha athavA kSINabhoha-dazA meM zukladhyAna tathA kevalajJAniyoM meM paramazukla-zukladhyAna hotA hai| 'tattvAnuzAsana' meM mAtra zukladhyAna ke svarUpa kA varNana hai, usake bhedoM, svAmI Adi kA koI ullekha nahIM hai|38 'jJAnArNava' meM bhI AdipurANa ke samAna hI pUrva ke do zukladhyAnoM ke svAmI chadmastha evaM antima do zukladhyAnoM ke adhikArI vimukta kevalI haiN| 'dhyAnastava ke granthakAra kI mAnyatA ke anusAra atyadhika vizuddha dharmadhyAna rUpa zukladhyAna do zreNiyoM meM vidyamAna hai| prathama zukladhyAna kA adhikArI tIna yogoM se yukta pUrvavedI, dvitIya zukladhyAna kA adhikArI ekayoga se yukta pUrvavedI, tRtIya zukladhyAna kA adhikArI sUkSmakAyayoga kI kriyA vAlA sayogI-kevalI aura carama zukladhyAna kA adhikArI ayogI-kevalI hotA hai|40 zvetAmbara-paramparAnusAra, upazAntakaSAya tathA kSINakaSAya pUrvadharoM meM zukladhyAna ke prathama ke do caraNa saMbhava hote haiM aura carama ke do zukladhyAna sayogI aura ayogI-kevalI meM bhI saMbhava haiN| 34 uvasaMtakasAyammi............saMbhavasiddhI do|| - dhavalA, pustaka 13, pR. 81 35 vahI, pustaka-13, pR. 83-86 36 vahI, pustaka-13, pR. 87 37 zuklaM paramazuklaM cetyAmnAye tad dvidhoditm| chadmasthasvAmikaM pUrva paraM kevalinAM matam / / - AdipurANa, 21/167 38 tattvAnuzAsana - 221-222 3 chadmasthayoginAmAdye dve tu zukle prkiirtite| dve tvantye kSINadoSANAM kevalajJAnacakSuSAm / / - jJAnArNava, 7, pR. 431 40 savitarka savIcAra...........sarvajJasyAnivartakam / / - dhyAnastava, zlo. 17-21 For Personal & Private Use Only

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261 digambara-paramparAnusAra, prathama ke do zukladhyAna ke svAmI AThaveM se caudahaveM * guNasthAnavartI pUrvadhara hote haiM aura carama do zukladhyAna kramazaH terahaveM evaM caudahaveM guNasthAnavartI hote haiN| isa prakAra, dharmadhyAna ke svAmI kI carcA samApta hotI hai| dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya ke bhedAbheda kA prazna dhyAna ke kSetra meM dhyAtA, dhyAtavya aura dhyAna -ye tIna mukhya AdhAra hote haiN| dhyAtA AtmA hai, yaha eka nirvivAda satya hai, kintu usakA dhyAtavya kyA hai ? yaha eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| dhyAtavya aneka bhI ho sakate haiM, kintu yadi hama sUkSmatA se vicAra kareM, to dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya meM jaba taka tAdAtmya nahIM banatA hai, taba taka dhyAna saMbhava hI nahIM hotA hai| dhyAna meM dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya -ina donoM meM tAdAtmya-saMbaMdha ho jAtA hai, isalie yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya meM kisa sImA taka abheda hotA hai aura kisa sImA taka bheda hotA hai ? yaha eka cintanIya prazna hai| dhyAna karane vAlA dhyAtA kahA jAtA hai aura dhyAna kA jo viSaya hotA hai, vaha dhyAtavya kahalAtA hai, kintu dhyAna ke viSaya ke lie jaba hama dhyAtavya zabda kA prayoga karate haiM, taba hameM yaha samajha lenA cAhie ki dhyAtavya kA artha mAtra dhyAna kA viSaya nahIM, apitu usakA tAtparya jisakA dhyAna kiyA jAnA cAhie, usase hai, ataH jainadharma aura AcArazAstra kI apekSA se kevala dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke viSaya hI dhyAtavya kI koTi meM Ate haiN| Artta aura raudradhyAna ke viSaya dhyAtavya nahIM mAne jA sakate haiN| vyAvahArikadRSTi se dekhane para dhyAtavya aura dhyAtA -donoM alaga-alaga hote haiM, kyoMki dhyAtA AtmA hai aura dhyAtavya dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke ve tathya haiM, jinakA dhyAna kiyA 4 / jainasAdhanA paddhati meM dhyAna, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR.32 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jAnA cAhie, lekina jaba hama dhyAna kI prakriyA kA vicAra karate haiM, usa samaya dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya meM abheda hotA hai, kyoMki dhyAna kevala vicAroM kA hI hotA hai aura dhyAtA se bhinna nahIM hote haiN| dhyAna kI koI vastu ho sakatI hai, jaisejinapratimA, kintu dhyAna ke samaya cittavRtti pratimA para sthita na hokara pratimA kI jo mAnasa-AkRti hai, usI para hotI hai, ataH dhyAtA vastutaH apanI hI caitasika paryAyoM kA dhyAtA hotA hai aura jisa prakAra dravya aura paryAya pRthak-pRthak nahIM hote, usI prakAra dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya bhI pRthak-pRthak nahIM hote haiM I 262 jisa prakAra dravya aura usakI paryAyoM meM bhedAbheda haiM, usI prakAra dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya meM bhI bhedAbheda haiN| dhyAtA ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ (caudaha guNasthAna } Aja samasta vizva kA janasamUha svArthavRtti ke cakravyUha meM phaMsA huA hai| vaha bhautika sukha ko hI apanA sukha mAna rahA hai / bhautika sukhoM ko hI parama sukha mAnakara vaha satya tathyoM se evaM mahattvapUrNa siddhAntoM se kosoM dUra bhAga rahA hai, svayaM ke Atma - utkrAnti ke prayatnoM se vimukha ho rahA hai| vaha yaha bhUla rahA hai ki AtmA kI kramonnati kramazaH saMvara aura nirjarA-rUpa adhyavasAyoM se hI saMbhava hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, nae-nae karmoM kA Agamana ruke aura pUrvakRta karmoM kA parimArjana ho; aisI sAdhanA karane se vaha zanaiH-zanaiH unnati ke mArga para agrasara ho sakatA hai| jaise-jaise usake Atma- guNoM kA prakaTIkaraNa hogA, vaise-vaise usake karmAvaraNoM kA nivAraNa hotA jAegA aura jaise-jaise karmAvaraNa kSINa hoMge, vaise-vaise vaha AdhyAtmika - vikAsa kI U~cAiyoM kI ora Age bar3hatA jAegA / jaina-darzana meM AdhyAtmika - vikAsa kI bhUmikAoM ko caudaha bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA haiM, jo caudaha guNasthAna ke nAma se jAnI jAtI haiN| ve caudaha prakAra isa prakAra haiM adholikhita For Personal & Private Use Only

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263 1. mithyAtva-guNasthAna 2. sAsvAdAna-samyagdRSTi-guNasthAna 3. mizradRSTi-guNasthAna 4. aviratasamyagdRSTi-guNasthAna 5. dezaviratasamyagdRSTi-guNasthAna 6. pramattasaMyata-guNasthAna 7. apramattasaMyata-guNasthAna / 8. apUrvakaraNa-guNasthAna 9. anivRttikaraNa-guNasthAna 10. sUkSmasamparAya -guNasthAna 11. upazAntamoha-guNasthAna 12.kSINamoha-guNasthAna | 13. sayogIkevalI-guNasthAna 14. ayogIkevalI-guNasthAna / 42 Atmazakti kI vikasita aura avikasita avasthA ko samavAyAMgasUtra 43 meM guNasthAna na kahakara jIvasthAna kahA gayA hai| DaoN. zrImatI kokilA ke zabdoM meM -"AtmA ke guNoM ke vikAsa kI bhUmikAoM kI kramika avasthAoM ko guNasthAna kahate haiN| Atma-zakti kI AvirbhAva vAlI prathama avasthA ko prathama guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| dhIre-dhIre kramika vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha Atma-Aloka prakaTa hone lagatA hai aura bar3hate-bar3hate yaha caudahaveM guNasthAna taka sampUrNa rUpa se AtmA kI nirvikalpa dazA yA zaileSI-avasthA ko prApta hotA hai| taba AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa prakaTa hotA hai aura tabhI jIva apane antima lakSya taka yA apane sAdhya 'mokSa' taka pahuMcatA hai| pUrNatA kI yaha antima avasthA hI mokSAvasthA, siddhAvasthA yA nijasvarUpAvasthA hai| isa avasthA meM janma, jarA aura maraNa nahIM hotA, jahA~ se phira lauTanA nahIM hotA, 42 ka) micche sAsaNamIse aviraya dese pmtt-apmtte| niyaTTi aniyaTiM suhu-muvsmkhiinnsjogiajogigunnaa|| - karmagrantha, 2/2 kha) caturdazaguNazreNI................ caturdazam / / - guNasthAnakramAroha, 2-5 43 kammavisohimaggaNaM paDucca caudasa jIvaTThANa paNNattA taM jahA - micchAdiTThi sAsAyaNasammAdiTTi ....ayogI kevalI / / - samavAyAMgasUtra, saM.madhukara muni, 14/15 44 'prAkRta evaM saMskRta sAhitya meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA' pustaka ke zubhakAmanA se uddhRt| For Personal & Private Use Only

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264 sadaiva sarvathA AnaMda-hI-AnaMda hotA hai| 45 AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana, RSi -bhASita, bhagavatI Adi AgamoM meM guNasthAna kA koI varNana nahIM hai| sarvaprathama samavAyAMga meM guNasthAna kI taraha jIvasthAna kA ullekha milatA hai| 'Avazyakaniyukti' meM bhI isakA varNana milatA hai, lekina una avasthAoM kA nAmollekha karate hue bhI unheM guNasthAna nahIM kahA hai| zvetAmbara--paramparA ke anusAra sabase pahale 'guNasthAna' zabda kA prayoga hameM AvazyakacUrNi (sAtavIM zatAbdI) meM karIba tIna pRSThoM guNasthAnoM kA vivecana dekhane ko milatA hai, sAtha hI tattvArtha-bhASya kI vRtti, haribhadrIya tattvArthasUtra kI TIkA meM bhI guNasthAna ke nAma se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| digambara-paramparA ke anusAra, kaSAyapAhuDa ke sivAya SaTkhaNDAgama mUlAcAra", bhagavatI-ArAdhanA", samayasAra Adi granthoM ke sAtha hI tattvArthasUtra kI sarvArthasiddhi 3 rAjavArttika 54 zlokavArtika 55 Adi 45 vahI 46 micchAdiTThI sAsAyaNe ya taha smmmicchaaditttthiiy...ajogiiy|| -niyuktisaMgraha (Avazyakaniyukti)pR.149 47 tattha imAtiM coddasa guNaTThANANi.....ajogikevalI nAma salesI pADivannao so ya tIhiM jogehiM virahito jAva kakhagaghaDa. iccetAiM paMcahassakkharAiM uccarijjati evatiyaM kAlamajogikevalI bhAvitUNa tohe savvakammaviNimukko siddha bhvti| ___ -AvazyakacUrNi, jinadAsagaNi, uttarabhAga, pR.133-136 48 etasya trayaH svAminazcaturtha-paMcama SaSTha guNasthAnavartina..... || tattvArthAdhigamasUtra (siddhasenagaNi kRta bhASyAnusAriNikA samalaD.kRta TIkA, 9-35 zrI tattvArthasUtram (TIkA-haribhadra), pR. 465-466 edesi ceva coddasaNhaM jIvasamAsANa parUvaNaTThadAe tattha imANi aTTha aNiyogadvArANi NAyavvANi, bhavaMti micchAdidri.........sajogakevalI ajogakevalI siddhA cedi|| -SaDakhaNDAgama pR.11154-201 micchAdiTThI sAsAdaNo ya missA asaMjado cev| desa virado pamato apamatto taha ya nnaayvvo| etto apuvvakaraNo aNiyaTTI suhumasaMparAo y| uvasaMtakhINamoho sajogi kevali jiNe ajogI y|| suraNArayesu cattAri hoMti tiriyesu jANa pNcev| maNusagadIevi tahA coddasaguNaNAmamadheyANi / / ___-mUlAcAra (paryAptyadhikAra), pR. 273-279 adha khavayaseDhimadhigamma kuNai sAdhU apuvvakaraNaM so| hoi tamapuvvakaraNaM kayAi appttpuvvNti|| aNivittikaraNaNAmaM NavamaM guNaThANayaM ca adhigmm| NiddANiddA payalApayalA tadha thINagiddhiM c|| - bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, bhAga-2, pR. 890, vizeSa gA. 2072 se 2126 sarvArthasiddhi, sUtra 1-8 kI TIkA, pR. 30-40 tathA 9-12 kI TIkA rAjavArttika (bhaTTa akalaMka) 9-10/22, pR. 488 tattvArthazlokavArtikam guNasthAnApekSa....10-3 guNasthAnabhedena.... ...36-4, pR. 403 apuurnnkrnnaadiinaaN| vizeSa vivaraNa hetu 9..33..44 taka kI saMpUrNa vyAkhyA 52 For Personal & Private Use Only

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265 digambarAcAryoM kI TIkAoM ke antargata savistAra guNasthAna-siddhAnta kA ullekha milatA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama ke atirikta zeSa sabhI granthoM meM ise guNasthAna ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| hamane bhI yaha sabhI vivecana DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke grantha 'guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa ke AdhAra para kiyA hai| guNasthAna zabda kI paribhASA - ___ 'pravacanasAroddhAra kI TIkA' ke antargata likhA hai ki guNoM ke vikAsa yA hAsa rUpa AtmA kI jo zuddhAvasthA yA azuddhAvasthA hotI hai, vaha guNasthAna kahalAtI hai| 'karmagrantha kI TIkA' ke anusAra, paramasAdhya kI prApti taka AtmA ko eka ke bAda dUsarI, dUsarI ke bAda tIsarI -aisI kramika aneka avasthAoM ko pAra karanA par3atA hai| inhIM avasthAoM kI zreNI ko vikAsa-krama yA utkrAnti-mArga kahate haiM aura jainazAstrIya-paribhASA meM use guNasthAna kahate haiN|" amitagatikRta digambara-saMskRta 'paMcasaMgraha' meM likhA hai ki audayika Adi bhAvoM ke AdhAra para guNa-avaguNa-rUpa se jIvoM kI jina vibhinna avasthAoM kA bodha hotA hai, ve guNasthAna kahalAtI haiN| 58 'gommaTasAra' meM guNasthAna kI utpatti ke kAraNa ko nirdiSTa karate hue likhA hai ki mohanIyakarma ke mAdhyama se tInoM yogoM meM arthAt mana, vacana aura kAyA meM jo pravRtti hotI hai, usI se guNasthAnoM kA udbhava hotA hai| mUlAcAra meM bhI isI bAta kI puSTi milatI hai|60 6 pravacanasAroddhAra, saTIka, 224 vAM dvAra, gAthA 1302, pR. 464 57 karmavipAka arthAt karmagrantha, bhAga 1-2-3, anu. sukhalAla saMghavI, prastAvanA pR. xxxix 58 digambara saMskRta paMcasaMgraha, gAthA 12 59 gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA-9 60 mUlAcAra, gAthA-29 For Personal & Private Use Only

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266 caudaha guNasthAnoM kA svarUpa - jaina-darzana meM AdhyAtmika-vikAsayAtrA ke vikasita evaM avikasita caudaha sopAna mAne gae haiN| una caudaha sopAnoM ke nAma pUrva meM sUcita kie gae haiN| ina caudaha sopAnoM ko jIvasthAna, jIvasamAsa, jIvamArgaNA, AdhyAtmikabhUmikAeM yA guNasthAna kI saMjJA se nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai| ___ 'gommaTasAra' meM saMkSepa, ogha, sAmAnya, jIvasamAsa -ye cAra zabda guNasthAna ke samAna artha meM prayukta hue haiN| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM -"caudaha guNasthAna meM se prathama ke cAra guNasthAna taka kA krama samyagdarzana kI avasthAoM ko prakaTa karatA hai, jabaki pAMcaveM se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka kA vikAsakrama samyakcAritra se sambandhita hai| terahavA~ aura caudahavA~ guNasthAna AdhyAtmika-pUrNatA kA dyotaka hai| inameM bhI, dUsare aura tIsare guNasthAnoM kA saMbaMdha vikAsakrama se na hokara, mAtra caturtha guNasthAna se prathama guNasthAna kI ora hone vAle patana ko sUcita karane se hai| 62 ina guNasthAnoM kA saMkSepa paricaya isa prakAra hai - 1. mithyAtva-guNasthAna - ___ isa guNasthAna meM vastu-tattva kA vAstavika jJAna yA satya kI anubhUti nahIM hotI hai| isameM jIva ko sahI dizA kA jJAna na hone ke kAraNa vaha bhautika padArthoM tathA bhautika sukha-sAdhanoM se sukha-prApti kI abhIpsA meM DUbA rahatA hai| vaha AdhyAtmika-sukha athavA Atmika-AnaMda kI anubhUti nahIM kara pAtA hai| galata dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa vaha sahI ko galata evaM galata ko sahI, yathArtha ko ayathArtha aura ayathArtha ko yathArtha, adharma ko dharma aura dharma ko adharma mAna baiThatA hai, alakSyatA ke kAraNa pathabhrAnta ho jAtA hai aura isI kAraNa, apane nirdhArita lakSya 61 ka) saMkheo oghotti ya guNasaNNA ...... | - gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA-3 kha) cauddasa jIvasamAsA kameNa siddhAya nnaadvvaa|| - vahI, jIvakANDa, gAthA-10 62 guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR.52 For Personal & Private Use Only

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267 taka nahIM pahu~ca pAtA hai| yaha avasthA jIva kI ajJAnamaya avasthA hai| isameM moha kI sthiti pragAr3ha hotI hai| darzanamohanIya-karma ke prabhAva ke kAraNa prathama guNasthAna kA nAma mithyAtva guNasthAna hai| prathama guNasthAnavI jIva meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha (anaMtAnubandhI kaSAya) ati tIvra hote haiN| vAsanAtmaka-pravRttiyoM kA prabhAva hara kSaNa banA rahatA hai, jinake kAraNa vaha satya-darzana evaM naitika-AcaraNa se vaMcita rahatA jaina-siddhAntAnusAra, saMsAra kI adhikatara AtmAe~ mithyAtva-guNasthAna kI nivAsI haiN| inako do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai - 1. bhavya-AtmAe~ aura 2. abhvyaatmaa| 1. bhavya-AtmA :- jo bhaviSya meM kabhI bhI apane yathArtha jJAna ke kAraNa AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI agrima bhUmikAoM kI adhikArI banegI, vaha bhavya-AtmA hai| 2. abhavya-AtmA :- jo hamezA ke lie naitika-viveka evaM naitika-AcaraNa se zUnya hI rahegI, vaha abhavyAtmA hai| yaha AtmA lakSya-vimukhatA ke kAraNa hI AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI bhUmikA kI adhikArI nahIM banatI hai| isa guNasthAna meM AtmA ko pA~ca vastuoM kA abhAva hotA hai - 1. ekAntika dhAraNAoM, 2. ulTI dhAraNAoM, 3.sadiyoM se calI A rahI asamyaka-paramparAoM, 4. zaMkA aura 5. vivekajJAna se rahita rahatI hai| isameM yathArtha dRSTikoNa ke prati usI prakAra ruci nahIM hotI, jisa prakAra bukhAra-pIr3ita vyakti ko sarasa SaTrasa bhojana bhI rucikara nahIM lagatA hai| kisI ne zaMkA kI hai ki mithyAdRSTi jIva ajJAnasahita hotA hai| vaha yathArthabodha ko na to jAna pAtA hai aura na hI tadanusAra jIvana jI sakatA hai, to phira mithyAtva ko guNasthAna kI zreNI meM kyoM rakhA gayA ? 6 tattvArthasUtra, sarvArthasiddhiTIkA, (pUjyapAda) - 8/1 64 gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa -17 For Personal & Private Use Only

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268 anuyogasAra 65 meM isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra milatA hai -"mithyAdarzanalabdhi, mati-ajJAnalabdhi, zruta-ajJAnalabdhi Adi bhI karmoM ke kSayopazama se utpanna hotI haiN| mithyAdRSTi-jIva kA mithyAdarzana evaM mithyA-jJAna kSAyopazamika-bhAva hone se mithyAtva ko bhI guNasthAna kahA gayA hai|"66 paM. sukhalAlajI ke zabdoM meM -"prathama guNasthAna meM rahane vAlI aisI aneka AtmAe~ hotI haiM, jo rAga-dveSa ke tIvratama vega ko thor3A-sA dabAe hue hotI haiN| ve yadyapi AdhyAtmika-lakSya ke sarvadA anukUlagAmI nahIM hotI, to bhI unakA bodha va cAritra anya avikasita AtmAoM kI apekSA acchA hI hotA hai| yadyapi aisI AtmAoM kI avasthA AdhyAtmika-dRSTi se sarvathA Atmonmukha na hone ke kAraNa mithyAdRSTi, viparItadRSTi yA asadRSTi kahalAtI hai, tathApi vaha sadRSTi ke samIpa le jAne vAlI hone ke kAraNa upAdeya mAnI gayI haiM, ataH yaha mAnanA hogA ki isa guNasthAna kA mukhya lakSaNa mithyAdarzana athavA mithyAzraddhAna hai| isameM mAtra Artta yA raudra-dhyAna hI hote haiN| 2. sAsvAdana-guNasthAna - isa guNasthAna meM AtmA patanonmukha hotI hai, usakA citraNa hai| isa avasthA meM samyaktva kA kSaNika AsvAdana rahatA hai, isalie isa guNasthAna ko sAsvAdana guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| isameM vamita ho rahe samyaktva kA bahuta hI alpatama 65 "khaovasamiA mai aNNANaladdhI, khaovasamiA saya aNNANaladdhI, khaovasamiA vibhaMgaNANaladdhI, khaovasamiA, cakkhudaMsaNaladdhI, khaovasamiA acakkhu-daMsaNaladdhI, ohidasaNaladdhI evaM samadaMsaNa- laddhI, micchAdasaNaladdhI, sammamicchAdasaNaladdhI evaM paNDiyavIriyaladdhI, bAlavIriyaladdhI, bAla- paNDiyavIriyaladdhI, khaovasamiA soindriyaladdhI, jAva khaovasamiA pAsendIyaladdhI...... | __-anuyogadvArANi, patrAMka-116, sU. 126 66 'prAkRta evaM saMskRta-sAhitya meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA', -sAdhvI DaoN.darzanakalA, prathama adhyAya, pR. 7 67 jaina bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra-darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, pR.451 68 ka) saheva tattvazraddhAnaM rasAsvAdanena vartate iti saasvaadnH| -samavAyAMgavRttipatra-26) . kha) guNasthAna-kramAroha - 12 For Personal & Private Use Only

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samaya ke lie AsvAdana hotA hai, isI hetu isako sAsvAdana- guNasthAna ke nAma se nirdiSTa kiyA hai| isakA kAla-parimANa nyUnatama eka samaya Ara adhikatama chaH AvalikA kA hotA hai / isa avasthA meM jIva avazyameva mithyAtva ko pAne vAlA hotA hai phira bhI jaise khIrapAna ke pazcAt ulTI hone ke bAda bhI khIra kA AMzika svAda AtA rahatA hai, ThIka vaise hI samyaktva ke adhyavasAyoM ko chor3ane ke bAda bhI mithyAtva kI ora jAte hue jIva ko kucha samaya ke lie hI sahI, para samyaktva kA AsvAda rahatA hai 59 gommaTasAra meM likhA hai ki jaise parvata se jamIna taka pahuMcane se pUrva jo bIca kA samaya hai, vaha na to parvata para rukane kA hai aura na jamIna para Thaharane kA, vaha to bIca kI sthiti kA anubhavakAla hai, vaise hI anaMtAnubandhIkaSAyacatuSka meM se kisI kA bhI udaya hone para samyaktva ko tyAgakara mithyAtva ke anudaya taka bIca ke anubhava - kAla meM jo adhyavasAya hote haiM, vahI sAsvAdana- guNasthAna hai|" DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM - "jisa prakAra miSThAnna khAne ke anantara vamana hone para vamita vastu kA eka vizeSa prakAra kA AsvAdana hotA hai, usI prakAra yathArtha - bodha ho jAne para mohAsakti ke kAraNa jaba punaH ayathArthatA (mithyAtva) kA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, to use grahaNa karane ke pUrva thor3e samaya ke lie usa yathArthatA kA eka viziSTa prakAra kA anubhava banA rahatA hai| yahI patanonmukha avasthA meM hone vAlA yathArthatA kA kSaNika AbhAsa yA AsvAdana 'sAsvAdana- guNasthAna hai / "71 digambara-paramparA meM isakA nAma 'sAsAdana- guNasthAna' hai / isa guNasthAna meM mAtra Artta evaM raudradhyAna hI saMbhava hai / 269 69 sAsAdanaM tatra Ayamaupazamika samyaktva lakSaNaM sAdayati apanayati AsAdanam anantAnubandhI kaSAyavedanam .... tataH sahAsAdanena vartate iti sAsAdanam / tathA'trApi guNasthAne mithyAtvabhimukhatayA samyaktvasyopari vyalIkacittasya puruSasya samyaktvamuddhamatastadrasAsvAdo bhavatIti saasvaadnmucyte| - * SaDazItiprakAza, patrAMka 43-44 idaM 'sammattarayaNa pavvayasiharAdo micchabhUmi samabhimuho / jAsiya sammato so sAsaNajAmo muNeyavvo / / * gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa - 20 'guNasthAna siddhAntaH eka vizleSaNa, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR.54 70 71 For Personal & Private Use Only

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3. mizra dRSTi - guNasthAna yaha guNasthAna AtmA kI vaha avasthA hai jisameM jIva na pUrNa samyak - dRSTi hotA hai aura na pUrNa mithyAdRSTi / darzana - mohanIya ke tIna puMjoM samyaktva (zuddha), mithyAtva (azuddha) aura samyak - mithyAtva (arddhazuddha) meM se jaba arddhazuddha puMja kA udaya hotA hai, taba mizra guNasthAna hotA hai / 2 jaise zakkara ke sAtha dahI kA svAda kucha khaTTA kucha mIThA arthAt mizra hotA hai, vaise hI jIva kA dRSTikoNa bhI kucha sahI kucha galata yAnI samyakmizra - mithyA hotA hai| isa avasthA ko samyagmithyAdRSTi-guNasthAna kahate haiM / " isa guNasthAna kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki jo jIva isa avasthA meM hai, usakI mRtyu saMbhava nahIM / isa saMdarbha meM AcArya nemicaMdra kA kahanA hai ki jahA~ AgAmI AyuSyakarmabaMdha kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotI hai, vahA~ mRtyu kI bhI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotI hai| 74 yahI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI tIsarI bhUmikA mizraguNasthAna hai| pahale guNasthAna vAlA jIva ekAnta-mithyAtvI hotA hai| dUsare guNasthAna kA adhikArI apakrAnti vAlA hotA hai aura tIsare guNasthAnavartI jIva apakrAnti aura utkrAnti - donoM hI prakAra vAle hote haiN| ina tInoM guNasthAnoM meM dhyAna to hai hI, kintu ArttadhyAna, raudradhyAna haiM jo saMsAra - paribhramaNa ke hetu haiM / 4. avirati - samyagdRSTi- guNasthAna isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka ko yathArthatA kA bhAna ho jAtA hai| vaha sahI ko sahI, galata ko galata, satya ko satya ke rUpa meM tathA asatya ko asatya ke rUpa 72 sammAmicchudayeNaya jattaMtara savvaghAdi kajjeNa / naya sammaM micchaM pi yaM sammisso hodi pariNAmo / / - gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA 21 73 ka) jAtyantara samudbhUtirva'vA kharayoryathA / guidadhnoH saNAyoge rasa bhedAntaraM yathA / tathA dharmadvayezraddhA jAyate samabuddhitaH / mizro'sau bhaNyate tasmAd bhAvo jAtyantarAtmakaH / / - guNasthAnakakramArohaNa, zloka 14-15, pR. 6 kha) dahigu'miva vAmissaM puhabhAvaM gova karidu sakkaM ga) samyag mithyArUcirmizraH samyag mithyAtva pAkataH.. 74 gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa) - 2 270 -11 1 For Personal & Private Use Only gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gA. 22 saMskRta paMcasaMgraha, zloka - 1 / 22

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meM jAnane lagatA hai| sarvajJapradatta upadezAdi meM usakI eka svAbhAvika ruci paidA hotI hai, vicAroM meM zuddhi hone ke bAvajUda bhI AcaraNa kI zuddhatA nahIM hotI hai / vaha hiMsA, jhUTha, abrahmacarya Adi ko akaraNIya mAnate hue bhI una kAryoM meM saMlagna rahatA hai; kyoMki usakA jJAnAtmaka pakSa samyak hotA hai, parantu AcaraNAtmaka-pakSa samyak nahIM hotaa| aisI paristhiti meM vaha vAsanAtmaka- - vRttiyoM ke duSpariNAma kA jJAtA hone para bhI usako chor3a nahIM pAtA hai / kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki isameM vrata, yama-niyamoM se rahita mAtra samyaktva rahatA hai| aise jIva ko aviratasamyagdRSTi kahate haiM aura isa avasthA - vizeSa ko avirata - samyagdRSTi-guNasthAna kahate haiM / gommaTasAra ke anusAra, isa guNasthAna meM darzana evaM jJAna to samyak ho jAtA hai, kintu samyakcAritra kA vikAsa nahIM hotA hai| 75 'guNasthAnaka-kramAroha' meM likhA hai ki aviratasamyakadRSTi - guNasthAna vAlA jIva apratyAkhyAnIyakaSAyacatuSka ke udaya hone se vrata grahaNa karane meM asamartha hotA hai,7" lekina isameM vratAdi grahaNa karane kI bhAvanA dRr3ha hotI hai| isameM jIva tIrthaMkara nAma kA upArjana kara sakatA hai| digambara- paramparAnusAra, isameM jIva ko dharmadhyAna karane kI yogyatA hotI hai, ataH yaha dharmadhyAna kA udgama sthAna hai| " isameM ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna bhI saMbhava ho sakate haiM, yadyapi ve tIvra nahIM hote haiN| 5. dezavirati-samyagdRSTi-guNasthAna 271 yaha jIva kI AdhyAtmika - vikAsa kI pA~cavIM bhUmikA hai| cauthe avirata - samyagdRSTi-guNasthAna meM jIva ko kyA karanA cAhie, kyA nahIM karanA cAhie isakI jAnakArI yA isakA viveka to hotA hai, parantu vaha vrata - pratyAkhyAna nahIM 75 gommaTasAra, gAthA-29 dvitIyAnAM kaSAyAnAmudayAdvatavarjitam / samyaktvaM kevalaM yatra taccaturtha guNAspadam / / - guNasthAnakramAroha-16 76 77 17 ka) guNasthAnakramAroha, gAthA 18-20, 23 kha) SaTkhaNDAgama - 1/1/12 ga) gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa - 29 For Personal & Private Use Only

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272 karatA hai| pratyAkhyAnAvaraNIya-kaSAya ke udaya se sAvadya-kriyAoM athavA pApAcaraNa se sarvathA mukta to nahIM, para AMzika rUpa se una sAvadya-kriyAoM se nivRtta hotA hai; isa guNasthAna meM sthita jIva dezavirati-zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| usakI isa AMzika tyAgamayI vRtti ke kAraNa ise dezavirati-guNasthAna kahate haiN| 'SaTkhaNDAgama19 meM ise saMyatAsaMyata aura 'gommaTasAra'80 meM ise viratAvirata nAma se abhihita kiyA hai| isa guNasthAna meM ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna maMda hotA hai| zrAvaka Avazyaka kriyA, gyAraha pratimAoM evaM bAraha vratoM ko grahaNa karanevAlA hone se isameM dharmadhyAna madhyama koTi kA hotA hai| isa guNasthAna meM nyUnatama sthiti antarmuhUrta evaM adhikatama sthiti kucha nyUna karor3a varSa kI hotI hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM -"vAsanAmaya jIva se AMzika rUpa meM nivRtti, hiMsA, jhUTha, parastrIgamana Adi azubhAcAra tathA krodha, lobha Adi kaSAyoM se AMzika rUpa meM virata honA hI dezavirati hai| isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka yadyapi gRhasthAzramI rahatA hai, phira bhI vAsanAoM para thor3A-bahuta yathAzakti niyantraNa karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| paMcama guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka sAdhanA-patha para phisalatA to hai, lekina usameM saMbhalane kI kSamatA bhI hotI hai| aise sAdhaka ke lie yaha jarUrI hai ki krodhAdi kaSAyoM kI AMtarika evaM bAhya-abhivyakti hone para unakA niyaMtraNa kare aura apanI mAnasika-vikRti kA parizodhana evaM vizuddhikaraNa kre| jo vyakti cAra mAsa ke andara unakA parizodhana tathA parimArjana nahIM kara letA, to vaha zreNI se gira jAtA hai| 82 78 paccakkhANudayAdo saMjaya bhAvo Na hodi Na va diNtu| thova vado hodi tado desavado hodi pNcmo|| - gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA 30 1 SaDkhaNDAgama -1/1/13-14 40 viradAvirado nisekkamai / / - gommaTasAra, jIvakANDa, gAthA 31 81 guNasthAna kramAroha, gAthA 24-26 kI TIkA sahita 82 prastuta saMdarbha : 'guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa' le. DaoN.sAgaramala jaina se uddhRta, pR. 58-59 For Personal & Private Use Only

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6. pramattasaMyataguNasthAna isa guNasthAnavartI jIva kI pariNati pA~caveM guNasthAna arthAt dezaviratasamyagdRSTi kI apekSA vizuddha hotI hai / pA~caveM guNasthAna meM jIva sAvadya - pApakriyAoM kA AMzika rUpa se tyAga karatA hai, parantu isa guNasthAna meM jIva pApAcaraNa se pApajanaka-vyApAroM se sarvathA vimukha ho jAtA hai / digambara - paramparAnusAra, isameM bAhya parigraha se paripUrNa - nivRtti hotI hai, sAtha hI vaha bhItarI, Abhyantara - ra-parigraha kI nivRtti ke lie satata prayatna karatA rahatA hai, nijasvarUpa meM avasthita hone kI jijJAsA utpanna hotI hai| jaba jIva pramAdAvasthA meM rahatA hai, taba vaha chaThaveM guNasthAna meM rahatA hai, parantu yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki vaha chaThaveM guNasthAna meM hI rhe| jaba adhyavasAya apramatta, dehAtIta, Asakti ko chor3akara jJAtA-dRSTAbhAva meM rahe, to vaha sAtaveM guNasthAna meM calA jAtA hai| chaThe guNasthAna kI sthiti dolAyamAna sthiti hai| jIva kabhI chaThe to kabhI sAtaveM guNasthAna meM AtA-jAtA rahatA hai| yaha utAra-car3hAva dezonakoTipUrva taka hI rahatA hai| isameM dharmadhyAna kI mAtrA bar3ha jAtI hai| isa guNasthAna meM jIva sAdhanApatha meM paricAraNa karatA huA Age bar3hanA to cAhatA hai, lekina pramAda usameM bAdhaka banA rahatA hai| jaba zramaNa lakSya ke prati satata jAgarUka rahatA hai, to sAtaveM guNasthAna meM praveza kara letA hai aura dehabhAva, Asakti, pramAda kI vRtti hone para punaH chaThaveM guNasthAna meM A jAtA hai / isa guNasthAna meM praveza karane ke lie sAdhaka ko pandraha karmaprakRtiyoM kA nAza karanA jarUrI hai| ve isa prakAra haiM anaMtAnubaMdhI - catuSka, apratyAkhyAnI - catuSka, pratayakhyAnI - catuSka, mithyAtva - mohanIya, mizramoha aura samyaktvamoha / 84 zvetAmbara - paramparAnusAra, isa guNasthAna taka ArttadhyAna banA raha sakatA hai / raudradhyAna kevala caitasika stara para alpa- samaya ke lie saMbhava hotA hai| - 83 ka) guNasthAna kramAroha, gA. 27, 28-31 kha) gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa), gA. 32 84 guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa - DaoN.sAgaramala jaina, pustaka se uddhRta, pR.60 273 For Personal & Private Use Only

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2/+ 7. apramattasaMyata guNasthAna - AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI isa bhUmikA meM sAdhaka satata AtmaramaNatA, AtmasajagatA meM avasthita rahatA hai| deha meM rahate hue bhI videhatA meM ramaNa karatA hai aura pramAda para kAbU karatA hai, phira bhI kucha daihika-upAdhiyoM ke kAraNa sAdhaka vicalita ho jAtA hai| koI bhI sAmAnya sAdhaka ar3atAlIsa minaTa ke andara kI avadhi taka deha ke prati anAsakta nahIM raha sakatA hai, ataH isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka kA ThaharanA alpakAlIna hotA hai| apramatta-saMyata-guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka sabhI pramAdoM ke kAraNoM (jinakI saMkhyA 37,500 mAnI gaI hai) se bacatA hai|85 bhagavatIsUtra ke anusAra -"eka jIva ke eka bhava meM apramattasaMyata-guNasthAna kA samasta kAla-parimANa dezonakaror3a pUrva mAnA gayA hai, parantu yahA~ donoM guNasthAna (chaThavAM pramattasaMyata tathA sAtavAM apramattasaMyata) kA kAla-mAna saMyukta rUpa se jAnanA caahie| isa guNasthAna meM zubha dharmadhyAna hotA hai, sAtha hI rUpAtIta dhyAna kI mahattA ke kAraNa AMzika rUpa se isameM zukladhyAna bhI sammilita rahatA hai| isa guNasthAna meM rahane vAle jIva meM SaDAvazyakAdi kriyAoM kA abhAva hone para bhI zreSTha dhyAna ke yogya hone se Atmazodhana kI vRtti rahatI hai| isa guNasthAna meM zvetAmbara- paramparAnusAra dharmadhyAna aura digambara-paramparAnusAra zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa hI saMbhava haiN| 8. apUrvakaraNa-guNasthAna - ___ yaha AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| isa avasthA meM adhikAMza ghAtI karma-prakRtiyoM kA kSaya yA upazama karane se sAdhaka eka vizeSa prakAra kI AnaMdAnubhUti ko mahasUsa karatA hai| jisakA pUrva meM kabhI anubhava nahIM kiyA, use 85 25 vikathAe~, 25 kaSAya aura nokaSAya 6, manasahita pA~coM indriyA~, 5 nidrAe~, 2 rAga aura dveSa ___-ina sabake guNanaphala se 37500 kI saMkhyA banatI hai| 86 apamattasaMjayassaNaM bhaMte ! appamattU saMjame vaTTamANassa satvA vi ya NaM appamattaddhA kAlato-kevacciraM hoti| maMDiyAputA! eka jIva paDucca jahanneNaM antomuhUtaM ukkoseNaM puvakoDI desUNA! NANA jIve paDucca savvaddhaM - bhagavatIsUtra -3/3/154 87 caturthAnAM kaSAyA.....saddhayAnasAdhanArambha, kurUte munipuMgava dharmadhyAnaM bhavatyatra, mukhyavRtyA jinoditam / rUpAtItatayA zuklamapi syAdaMzamAtrataH / / ityetasmin.....satata dhyAnasadyogAcchuddhiH svAbhAviko yataH / / - guNasthAnakramAroha, gA. 32-36 For Personal & Private Use Only

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275 apUrva kahate haiM, yA yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki eka prakAra kI Atmazakti kA prakaTIkaraNa haanaa| isa guNasthAna meM pravartita sAdhaka adhikAMzaH viSaya-vikAroM, vAsanAoM se mukta hotA hai| saMjvalana-kaSAya, arthAt alpamAtrA meM mAyA aura lobha kI vRtti rahatI hai| bAdara, arthAt sthUla-kaSAya kI nivRtti ke kAraNa isako nivRtti-bAdara-guNasthAna bhI kahate haiN| 'guNasthAnakramAroha' ke anusAra, apramattasaMyata-guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka apanI sampUrNa UrjA ke dvArA jaba Atma-vikAsa kI dizA meM Age bar3hatA hai taba vaha aSTama apUrvakaraNa-guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai|88 aSTama-guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka ko nimnalikhita pAMca bAtoM ko karane kI apUrva yogyatA prApta hotI hai, ve, isa prakAra haiM 1. sthitighAta -udaya meM Ane vAle karmadalikoM ko udIraNA se ghaTAkara kama karanA sthitighAta hai| 2. rasaghAta - ekatrita hue karmadalikoM ke phala dene kI tIvra zakti ko maMda karanA rasaghAta hai| 3. guNazreNI - jina karmadalikoM ke phala dene kI tIvra zakti ko maMdarasa karake udaya se haTAyA hai, unako samaya krama se antamuhUrta ke bhItara sthApita karanA guNazreNI hai| ___4. guNasaMkramaNa -pUrva meM baMdhI huI azubha prakRtiyoM ko vartamAna meM bandha rahI zubha prakRti ke rUpa meM pariNata karanA guNasaMkramaNa hai| isa guNasthAna meM zvetAmbaraparamparAnusAra dharmadhyAna aura digambara-paramparAnusAra dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke prathama hI caraNa saMbhava haiN| 88 apUrvAtmaguNAptitvAdapUrvakaraNaM mtm|| - guNasthAnakramAroha, pR.26 10 uparitanasthitervizuddhivazAdapavartanAkaraNenAvatAritasya dliksyaantrmuhuurt|| - karmagranthAH (karmastava) saTIkAzcatvAraH prAcInAH, pR.4 For Personal & Private Use Only

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276 5. apUrvasthitibaMdha - pUrva kI apekSA ati-alpa sthiti vAle karmoM ko bAMdhanA apUrvasthitibaMdha hai| uparyukta pAMcoM prakriyA pahale ke guNasthAnoM meM bhI hotI hai, lekina isa guNasthAna meM inako karane kA apUrva-vidhAna hone se yaha guNasthAna apUrvakaraNa kahalAtA hai| Atma-vikAsa kI caudaha avasthAoM meM pahale kI sAta avasthAoM taka anAtma kA Atma para adhikAra hotA hai aura pIche kI sAta avasthAoM meM Atma kA anAtma para adhizAsana hotA hai| isa sandarbha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne eka bahuta hI sundara udAharaNa dete hue kahA hai2 - "aise kisI upaniveza kI kalpanA kIjie, jisa para kisI videzI jAti ne anAdikAla se Adhipatya kara rakhA ho aura vahA~ kI janatA ko gulAma banA liyA ho, yahI prathama guNasthAna hai| usa parAdhInatA kI avasthA meM hI zAsaka-varga dvArA pradatta suvidhAoM kA lAbha uThAkara vahIM kI janatA meM svataMtratA kI cetanA kA udaya ho jAtA hai - yahI caturtha guNasthAna hai| bAda meM, vaha janatA kucha adhikAroM kI mA~ga prastuta karatI hai aura kucha prayAsoM aura paristhitiyoM ke AdhAra para unakI yaha mA~ga svIkRta hotI hai- yahI pAMcavAM guNa sthAna hai| isameM saphalatA prApta kara janatA apane hitoM kI kalpanA ke sakriya hone para aupanivezika-svarAjya kI prApti kA prayAsa karatI hai aura saMyoga usake anukUla hone se unakI vaha mA~ga bhI svIkRta ho jAtI hai- yaha chaThavAM guNasthAna hai| aupanivezika-svarAjya kI isa avasthA meM janatA pUrNa svataMtratA prApti kA prayAsa karatI hai, usake hetu sajaga hokara apanI zakti kA saMcaya karatI hai- yaha sAtavA~ guNasthAna hai| Age vaha apanI pUrNa svataMtratA kA udghoSa karatI huI una videziyoM se saMgharSa prArambha karatI hai| saMgharSa kI prathama sthiti meM yadyapi usakI 90 zubhaM prakRtiSvazubhaprakRti dalikasya pratikSaNamasaMkhyeyaguNavRddhayA vizuddhivazAMnnayanaM gunnsNkrmHtmihaasaavpuurvkroti| - saTIkAzcatvAraH prAcInAH karmagranthAH (karmastava) pR.4 karmagrantha bhAga-2,pR.26 91 apUrvakaraNaM sthitighAtarasaghAta guNazreNiguNasaMkramaNa sthitibandhAnAM paMcAnAmarthAnAM nirvartanamasyAsAvapUrva karaNaH tathAhi yAvatpramANamasau pUrvaguNasthAnavizuddhayA sthitikhaNDakaM rasa khaNDakaM vA halavAn tato vRhattarapramANamapUrvasmin guNasthAnehanti / / - vahI, pR. 4 92 guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vishlessnn| - le. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 64 For Personal & Private Use Only

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277 zakti sImita hotI hai aura zatru-varga bhayaMkara hotA hai, phira bhI apane adbhuta sAhasa aura zaurya se usako parAsta karatI hai - yahI AThavA~ guNasthAna hai| nauvA~ guNasthAna vaise hI hai, jaise yuddha ke bAda Antarika avasthA ko sudhArane aura chipe hue zatruoM ke unmUlana ke lie kiyA jAtA hai|"93 isa guNasthAna meM dharmadhyAna meM abhivRddhi aura zukladhyAna kI sambhAvanA bar3ha jAtI hai| 9. anivRttikaraNa-guNasthAna - isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka viSayoM kI AkAMkSAoM, icchAoM, kAmanAoM se rahita hotA hai isalie adhyavasAyoM meM zuddhatA rahatI hai, arthAt punaH usa sAdhaka kA mana ina viSayoM kI lAlasA meM nahIM jAtA hai| isa prakAra ke adhyavasAyoM ke kAraNa isakA nAma anivRttikaraNa-guNasthAna rakhA gayA hai| 94 isa guNasthAna meM sthUla kaSAyoM kA nAza karane kA prayAsa hotA hai| parantu sUkSmalobha-kaSAyAdi to vidyamAna rahatI haiN| ataH ise anivRttibAdara-guNasthAna athavA bAdarasamparAya-guNasthAna bhI kahate haiN| nauMve guNasthAnavI jIva do prakAra ke hote haiM -eka, upazamazreNI vAle aura dUsare, kSapaka zreNI vaale| jo cAritramohanIya-karma kA upazamana karate haiM, ve upazamazreNI vAle jIva kahe jAte haiM aura jo mUlataH cAritra-mohanIya-karma kA kSaya karate haiM ve kSapakazreNI vAle jIva kahe jAte haiN| yaha guNasthAna alpakAlika hotA hai aura dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI sthiti pUrvavat ho jAtI hai| 93 'jaina bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra-darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' - pR. 463 94 jaina dharma-darzana, pR. 498 95 vahI, pR-49 For Personal & Private Use Only

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278 10. sUkSmasamparAya guNasthAna - sUkSma arthAt alpa samparAya yAnI kssaay| jisa guNasthAna meM mAtra sUkSma lobha kA hI udaya rahatA hai, usa guNasthAna kA nAma sUkSmasamparAya-guNasthAna hai| isa guNasthAna ke prathama ke kucha sUkSma khaNDoM meM mohanIyakarma kI aTThAIsa prakRtiyoM meM se sattAIsa prakRtiyoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai, taba sAdhaka isa guNasthAna kA adhikArI banatA hai| isameM lobha ke alAvA saba prakRtiyoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| 'paMcasaMgraha' meM likhA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra dhule hue gulAbI raMga ke kapar3e meM lAlimA surthI kI sUkSma-sI AbhA vidyamAna rahatI hai, usI prakAra isa guNasthAna kA adhikArI jIva saMjvalana-lobha ke sUkSma khaNDoM kA vedana karatA hai| DaoN. TATiyA ke zabdoM meM -"AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI uccatA meM rahe hue isa sUkSma lobha kI vyAkhyA avacetana rUpa meM zarIra ke prati rahe hue rAga ke artha meM kI jA sakatI hai|98 dhyAna kI apekSA se isa guNasthAna kI sthiti alpakAlika hai| sAmAnyatayA, isameM dharmadhyAna to rahatA hI hai, kintu isake antima caraNa meM sUkSma lobha kA bhI kSaya ho jAne se isake anta meM zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa sambhava ho sakate haiN| 11. upazAntamoha-guNasthAna - jaba sAdhaka AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI isa bhUmikA meM praveza karatA hai, taba pUrva avasthA meM rahA sUkSma lobha bhI jaba upazAnta ho jAtA hai, vaha avasthA AtI hai, lekina sAdhaka ke lie yaha avasthA khataranAka bhI hai kyoMki yadi vAsanAoM kA 96 ka) aNa-daMsa-napuMsi-tthI-veya-chakkaM ca purisaveyaM c| do do egaMtarie sarise sarisaM uvsmei|| kha) uvasAmagaseDhIe paTThavao appamattavirao u| ekekakkeNaMtarie saMjalaNeNaM uvasamei / / ga) vizeSAvazyakabhASya bRhavRtyAH / / - hemacaMdra, a.2. pR. 482-484 pravacanasAroddhAra, dvAra-90, gA. 700-708 / Da) karmagrantha-5/98 pUrvajJaH zuddhimAt yukto dhyAdyaiH sNhnnaistribhiH| saMdhyAyannAdyazuklAzaM svAM zreNiM zamakaH shryet|| - guNasthAnakramAroha-40 97 lobhaH saMjvalanaH sUkSmaH zamaM yatra prpdyte| kSayaM vA saMyataH sUkSmaH sAmparAMyaH sa kthyte|| kausummontargato rAgo yathAvastre tisstthte| sUkSma lobha guNelobhaH zodhyamAnastathA tanuH / / - saMskRta paMcasaMgraha - 1/43-44 9 sTaDIja ina jaina philaoNsaphI, pR. 278 For Personal & Private Use Only

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279 damana kiyA gayA hai, to vaha AtmA upazamazreNI kI ora vikAsa karatA huA sIdhA bArahaveM guNasthAna ko sparza kara letA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, jisa avasthA ke antargata kaSAya upazAnta ho gaI, sUkSma rAgAdi kA sarvathA anudaya hai, kintu sattA meM sthita haiM, vaha jIva upazAntakaSAyavItarAga--chadmastha-guNasthAna vAlA kahA jAtA hai|99 isa guNasthAna vAlA sAdhaka antarmuhUrta ke andara avazyameva patita hotA hai| yadi isa kAla-parimANa ke madhya vaha mRtyu ko prApta ho jAe, to anuttaravimAna meM deva- avasthA ko prApta hotA hai aura yadi mRtyu ko prApta nahIM hotA hai, to patana honA zurU hotA hai, arthAt punaH kramazaH nIce ke guNasthAnoM meM sAtaveM, cauthe yA prathama guNasthAna taka A pahuMcatA hai| sAtaveM guNasthAna meM sthita rahakara yA cauthe guNasthAna meM rahakara vaha punaH kSapakazreNI prArambha karake Age bar3ha jAtA hai| yaha guNasthAna ati alpakAlIna hone se isameM dhyAna kI sthiti pUrvavat hI hotI hai| 12. kSINamoha-guNasthAna - upazamazreNI se Age bar3hA huA sAdhaka gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka Akara punaH patana arthAt nIce ke guNasthAna meM pahuMca jAtA hai, lekina jo sAdhaka kSapakazreNI se Age bar3hatA hai, to vaha mohanIya-karma kI sabhI karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSaya hote hI, yahA~ taka ki unakA sattA meM bhI abhAva hotA hai, vaha kSINamoha nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| yahA~ se sAdhaka avazyameva mokSagAmI hotA hai| - dUsare zabdoM meM, isa avasthA meM jIva AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI agrima bhUmikAoM kA adhikArI banatA hai tathA usake puna: patana kI avasthA kA abhAva hotA hai| * saTIkAzcatvAraH prAcInAH karmagranthAH (karmastava), pR. 4-5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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280 DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM -"jaina-vicAraNA ke anusAra, mohakarma aSTakarmoM meM pradhAna hai| vaha bandhana meM DAlane vAle karmoM kI senA kA pradhAna senApati hai| isake parAsta ho jAne para zeSa karma bhI svataH bhAgane lagate haiN| mohakarma ke naSTa ho jAne ke pazcAt thor3e hI samaya meM darzanAvaraNa, jJAnAvaraNa evaM antarAya - ye tInoM karma bhI naSTa hone lagate haiN| kSAyika-mArga para ArUr3ha sAdhaka dasaveM guNasthAna ke antima caraNa meM usa avaziSTa sUkSma lobhAMza ko bhI naSTa kara isa bArahaveM guNasthAna meM Ate haiM aura eka antarmuhUrta jitane alpakAla taka isameM sthita rahate hue isake antima caraNa meM jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya nAmaka tInoM karmoM ke AvaraNoM ko naSTa kara ananta-jJAna, ananta-darzana aura ananta-zakti se yukta ho vikAsa kI agrima zreNI meM cale jAte haiN|" 100 isa guNasthAna meM zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa saMbhava hote haiN| 13. sayogIkevalI-guNasthAna - sAdhaka kSINamoha-guNasthAna ke carama samaya meM tIna ghAtIkarmoM kA nAza karake sayogIkevalI-guNasthAna yAnI terahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karatA hai| 101 yahA~ jJAnAvaraNIya ke kSaya se anaMtajJAna, darzanAvaraNIya ke kSaya se anaMtadarzana aura antarAyakarma ke kSaya se anaMta-sukha tathA anantavIrya kA pragaTIkaraNa hotA hai| DaoN.sAgaramala jaina ne isa sandarbha meM kahA hai -"isa zreNI meM Ane vAlA sAdhaka aba sAdhaka nahIM rahatA, kyoMki usake lie kucha bhI zeSa nahIM raha jAtA, lekina cAra aghAtIkarma zeSa rahate haiN| isa avasthA meM mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika-kriyAe~ hotI haiM, jinheM yoga kahA jAtA hai| ina yogoM ke astitva ke kAraNa hI isa avasthA kA nAma sayogIkevalI-guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai|102 100 prastuta saMdarbha -'guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa - le. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 67 101 'uppannaMmi aNaMte naTuMmi ya chAumatthie naanne|' -saTIkAzcatvAraH prAcInaH karmagranthAH (karmastava) pR.5 102 prastuta saMdarbha -'guNasthAna siddhAnta : eka vizleSaNa - le. DaoN.sAgaramala jaina, pR. 69 For Personal & Private Use Only

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281 AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI isa bhUmikA meM avasthita sAdhaka ko jainadarzana meM arihaMta yA kevalI kahA jAtA hai, jabaki vedAnta-darzana meM isa bhUmikA vAle vyakti ko jIvana-mukti athavA sadeha-mukti kahate haiN| sayogIkevalI trikAlajJAtA hote haiN| bhUta-bhaviSya-vartamAna kI sabhI vastuoM, padArthoM se ve anabhijJa nahIM rahate haiN| 103 isa sandarbha meM vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana milatA hai| 104 kevalIsamudghAta kI prakriyA bhI isI guNasthAna meM hotI hai, parantu vaha taba hotI hai, jaba cAroM aghAtIkarmoM kI sthiti samAna na ho|105 sUkSma mana-vacana-kAyayoga kA nirodha karake sarvajJa antima adhyAtma-vikAsa ke mArga para agrasara hote haiN| isa avasthA meM zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa hote haiN| 14. ayogIkevalI-guNasthAna - AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI isa bhUmikA meM sAdhaka ko AdhyAtmika-pUrNatA kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai, lekina AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI parAkASThA para pahuMcane ke lie sUkSma kAyayoga kA nirodha anivArya hai| jo sarvajJa yogoM se rahita hote haiM aura zukladhyAna ke caturtha caraNa meM sthita haiM, ve ayogIkevalI kahalAte haiN| 106 yaha cAritra-vikAsa yA AdhyAtma-vikAsa kI caramAvasthA hai| prazamaratiprakaraNa 107 aura yogazAstra 108 meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki isa guNasthAna ke antargata a, i, u, R, lu -ina pA~ca hasva svaroM yA pA~ca vyaMjanoM ke 103 karmagantha (bhA.-6) TIkA AcArya malayagiri, uddhRta- abhidhAnarAjendrakoza bhAga-3, khavagaser3hI, pR.-129-31 104 saMbhinnaM pAsaMto logamalogaM ca satvao savvaM / taM natthi jaM na pAsai bhUyaM bhavvaM bhavissaM c|| - vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gA. 1342 105 prajJApanA, patra-601/1 106 pradAhya ghAtikarmANi zukladhyAna kRshaanunaa| ayogo yAti zailezo mokSalakSmI nirAsrava / / - saMskRta paMcasaMgraha, 1/50 107 iissdhsvaakssrpNckogdirnnmaatrtulykaaliiyaam|| saMyamavIryAptabalaH zailezImeti gtleshyH|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa, zlo. 284 For Personal & Private Use Only

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282 uccAraNa meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, utane samaya meM AtmA sarvotkRSTa zukladhyAna ke mAdhyama se sumerU ke samAna sthiti ko prApta karake, zarIra kA tyAga karake siddhAvasthA ko prApta ho jAtI hai|109 dUsare zabdoM meM, pA~ca hRsvAkSaroM ke uccAraNa jitanI alpa samayAvadhi meM zailezIkaraNa ke mAdhyama se cAroM aghAtIkarmoM kA kSaya karake eka samaya meM Rjugati se urdhvagamana kara lokAgra meM sthita mokSa meM cale jAte haiN| siddhAvasthA ko prApta hone para anaMta-jJAna, anaMta-darzana, avyAbAdha sukha, anantavIrya, kSAyika-samyaktva, akSayasthiti, arUpI aura agurulaghutva - ina ATha guNoM se yukta hokara sadA-sadA ke lie kRtakRtya bana jAte haiN| ye karmabIja rahita hone se punaH saMsAra meM lauTakara nahIM Ate haiN|110 jaina vicArakoM ne ise mokSa, nirvANa, zivapada evaM nirguNa-brahma kI sthiti prApta karane vAlA batAyA hai|11 isameM zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNa saMbhava hote haiN| isa prakAra, saMkSepa meM dhyAtA ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI vibhinna bhUmikAoM kA (caudaha guNasthAna) kA varNana samApta hotA hai| 108 kevalinaH zailezIgatasya zailavadakampanIyasya / / - yogazAstra, 10/9 10% ka) vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 3082-89 kha) jainadharmadarzana, pR. 50 110 ka) anuyogadvAra, kSAyikabhAva, sUtra 126, pR. 117 kha) samavAyAMgasUtra, samavAya-31 ga) pravacanasAroddhAra, gA. 1593/94 II jJAnasAra, tyAgASTaka (darzana aura cintana) bhA.-2, pR. 275 se uddhRta For Personal & Private Use Only

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283 ArtadhyAna ke svAmI kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ ___pUrva meM hamane dhyAtA ke AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI vibhinna avasthAoM kI carcA kI aura yaha pAyA ki jaina-paramparA meM dhyAtA ke AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI caudaha bhUmikAe~ mAnI gaI haiM, jinheM guNasthAna ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| ina caudaha guNasthAnoM meM ArtadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA kisa guNasthAna se lekara kisa guNasthAna taka pAyI jAtI hai - isa tathya ke saMbaMdha meM yahA~ vivecana kreNge| sAmAnyatayA, dhyAna--saMbaMdhI granthoM meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki ArttadhyAna ke svAmI, arthAt ArtadhyAna karane vAle vyakti pahale guNasthAna se lekara chaThaveM guNasthAna taka pAe jAte haiN| isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya, caturtha, paMcama evaM SaSThama guNasthAna ke dhAraka ArttadhyAna meM jIte haiN| yadyapi ina chaha guNasthAnoM meM dvitIya aura tRtIya guNasthAna kI kAlAvadhi adhika lambI nahIM hotI hai, phira bhI itanA to mAnanA hI hogA ki ina chaha guNasthAnoM meM ArtadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA hai| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM vivecita kiyA hai ki jaba taka vyakti meM icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ yA apekSAe~ banI rahatI haiM, taba taka ArttadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA banI rahatI hai| pahale guNasthAna se lekara chaThaveM guNasthAna taka pramAda kI sattA banI rahatI hai, arthAt ina guNasthAnoM meM vyakti icchAoM, AkAMkSAoM yA apekSAoM se jur3A rahatA hai| kisI prakAra kI cAha yA apekSA honA hI ArtadhyAna hai aura jaba taka pramAda kI sattA banI huI hai, taba taka icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ yA apekSAe~ samApta nahIM ho sktii| isa dRSTi se hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki prathama guNasthAna se lekara chaThaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM meM ArttadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA banI huI hai, phira bhI spaSTa rUpa se yaha jAna lenA cAhie ki ina chaha guNasthAnoM ke jIvoM meM ArtadhyAna kI taratamatA to rahatI hI hai| mithyAtva-guNasthAna meM ArtadhyAna jitanA tIvra hotA hai, usakI apekSA SaSTha guNasthAna meM rahane vAle munivRMda ke ArttadhyAna kI sthiti paryApta rUpa se kama hotI hai| prathama guNasthAna meM For Personal & Private Use Only

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284 ArtadhyAna sabase tIvra rahatA hai| dvitIya aura tRtIya guNasthAna kI kAlAvadhi kama hone se ina donoM guNasthAnoM meM cAhe sattA meM tIvratama ArtadhyAna rahe, phira bhI prathama guNasthAna kI apekSA ina donoM guNasthAnoM meM ArtadhyAna kI tIvratA aura samayAvadhi -donoM hI kama hote haiM, kyoMki dvitIya guNasthAna kA adhikatama kAla chaha AvalikA aura tRtIya guNasthAna kA kAla mAtra eka antarmuhUrta mAnA gayA hai| caturtha guNasthAna kI kAlAvadhi paryApta rUpa se dIrgha ho sakatI hai, kintu samyagdarzana kI upasthiti hone se isa guNasthAna meM ArtadhyAna kI avasthA utanI tIvra nahIM hotI, jitanI ki prathama guNasthAna meM hotI hai| paMcama dezaviratasamyagdRSTi-guNasthAna aura chaThaveM pramattasarvavirati-guNasthAna meM samyagdarzana kI sattA hone se ArttadhyAna kI utanI tIvratA nahIM rahatI hai| chaThavAM jo sarvavirata pramattasaMyata guNasthAna hai, usameM pramAda kI sattA to hai, kintu sarvavirati hone ke kAraNa unakI AkAkSAe~, icchAe~ Adi atitIvra nahIM hotI, ataH isa guNasthAna meM ArttadhyAna utanA saghana nahIM hotA, jitanA ki prathama guNasthAna meM hotA hai| raudradhyAna ke svAmI kI vibhinna bhUmikAe~ - - pUrva meM hamane jisa guNasthAna-siddhAnta yA AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI avasthAoM kI carcA kI hai, usameM raudradhyAna ke svAmI kisa bhUmikA taka hote haiM, yaha yahA~ eka vicAraNIya prazna hai| ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna -donoM hI saMsArI jIvoM ko hote haiM, phira bhI yaha mAnA gayA hai ki raudradhyAna caturtha guNasthAna yA paMcama guNasthAna taka hI saMbhava hai, kyoMki muni ko raudradhyAna nahIM hotA hai aura yadi hotA hai, to vaha munitva se gira jAtA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki raudradhyAna anaMtAnubandhI-SAyacatuSka tathA apratyAkhyAnI-kaSAyacatuSka kI upasthiti meM hI saMbhava hai| yadi kahanA ho, to hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki jahA~ ArttadhyAna meM mAtra svArthavRtti hotI hai, vahA~ raudradhyAna meM svArtha ke sAtha-sAtha para ke apakAra yA ahita kI vRtti bhI hotI hai, isalie For Personal & Private Use Only

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285 raudradhyAna ke svAmI kI bhUmikA prathama guNasthAna se lekara caturtha guNasthAna aura paMcama guNasthAna taka ho sakatI hai| pahale guNasthAna meM anaMtAnubandhI-kaSAya kA udaya rahatA hai, isalie raudradhyAna karane vAle prANI mukhyatayA to prathama guNasthAna meM hI hote haiM, kyoMki usameM anaMtAnubandhI krodhAdi kI upasthiti banI huI hai| dvitIya guNasthAna to atialpakAlika hai, lekina phira bhI sattA kI apekSA se, yA anAbhivyakta avasthA kI apekSA se dvitIya guNasthAna meM bhI raudradhyAna saMbhava ho sakatA hai| tRtIya mizra-guNasthAna hai aura isameM jIva jaba bhI mithyAtva kI ora abhimukha hotA hai, usameM raudradhyAna saMbhava ho sakatA hai| caturtha guNasthAna aviratasamyagdRSTi kA hai| isa guNasthAna meM cAhe vyakti kI samajha ThIka ho, kiMtu usakA apane para hI aMkuza nahIM hotA, arthAt usameM apratyAkhyAnI-kaSAyacatuSka to rahate haiM aura unakI upasthiti ke kAraNa usameM dUsare ke prati Akroza aura ahita kI bhAvanA ho sakatI hai, ataH caturtha guNasthAnavI jIvoM meM yA prANiyoM meM raudradhyAna kI sambhAvanA se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra, paMcama guNasthAna meM rahane vAle jIva bhI kabhI-kabhI raudradhyAna se prabhAvita ho sakate haiM, kyoMki isa guNasthAna meM bhI apratyAkhyAnI-kaSAya kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| isa guNasthAna ke anta meM hI vyakti apratyAkhyAnI-kaSAya kA tyAga kara pAtA hai| paMcama guNasthAna dezaviratasamyagdRSTi kA mAnA gayA hai| dezavirata kA matalaba hai -AMzika rUpa se kaSAyoM ke bandhana meM rahane vAlA aura AMzika rUpa se kaSAyoM kI abhivyakti kI virati meM rahane vAlA hotA hai| ataH paMcama guNasthAnavartI prANI bhI jaba-jaba kaSAyoM ke bandhana meM AtA hai, yA aMzataH avirata-dazA ko prApta hotA hai, taba-taba usameM raudradhyAna kI sambhAvanA mAnI jAtI hai, ataH hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki sAmAnyatayA to raudradhyAna ke svAmI mithyAdRSTijIva hI hote haiM, kintu mizraguNasthAnavartI-jIva yA aviratasamyagdRSTi-jIva yA dezaviratasamyagdRSTi-jIva meM bhI raudradhyAna kI saMbhAvanA se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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286 dUsare zabdoM meM, raudradhyAna ke svAmI ve vyakti hote haiM, jinameM svahita-sAdhana ke sAtha-sAtha para ke anartha karane kI vRtti bhI hotI hai| raudradhyAna vastutaH vaha avasthA hai, jisameM vyakti apane kSudra svArtha ke lie bhI dUsaroM kA bar3e-se-bar3A ahita kara sakatA hai| krodha eka AvegAtmaka avasthA hai, jo raudradhyAna kI sahavartI hotI hai| isameM vyakti apanA viveka bhUla baiThatA hai aura virodhI ke prati Akroza ke bhAva se grasta ho jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna ke svAmI kI bhUmikA ke sambandha meM zvetAmbara tathA digambara-paramparA kA matabheda - Artta, raudra, dharma aura zukladhyAna ke svAmI kauna hote haiM, isa para maiMne apanI dRSTi se to vicAra kiyA hai, kintu jaina dharma ke zvetAmbara aura digambara-sampradAyoM meM isa prazna ko lekara matabheda pAyA jAtA hai| mukhya rUpa se ina cAroM dhyAnoM meM dharmadhyAna ko lekara hI yaha matabheda dekhA jAtA hai| isa sambandha meM jahA~ digambara-paramparA caturtha guNasthAna se dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA ko svIkAra karatI hai, vahA~ zvetAmbara-paramparA dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA ko sAtaveM guNasthAna se mAnatI hai, kyoMki jaba taka ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna rahe hue haiM, taba taka dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| isake viparIta digambara-paramparA kA kahanA yaha hai ki dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA caturtha guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka hI ho sakatI hai| sAtaveM guNasthAna ke pazcAt zreNI ArohaNa karane vAle. jIvoM meM mAtra zukladhyAna rahatA hai, ataH digambara-paramparA ke anusAra dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA caturtha guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka hI mAnI gaI hai, jabaki isake viparIta, zvetAmbara-mAnyatA ke anusAra dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA sAtaveM guNasthAna se prArambha hokara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka bhI sambhava hai| dharmadhyAna meM dUsare ke hita kA vicAra hai aura isa kAraNa se digambara-paramparA kA yaha kahanA hai ki jo vyakti For Personal & Private Use Only

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287 zreNI-ArohaNa karatA hai, vaha 'sva' meM hI nimagna rahatA hai, ataH usameM para ke hita kA koI vicAra hI nahIM ho sakatA hai| parahita kI bhAvanA caturtha guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka hI saMbhava hotI hai, isalie digambara-paramparA kA yaha Agraha hai ki dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA caturtha guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka hI mAnI jA sakatI hai| isa prakAra, digambara-paramparA caturtha guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka ke cAra guNasthAnoM meM hI dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA ko mAnatI hai, jabaki zvetAmbaraparamparA ke anusAra dharmadhyAna kI saMbhAvanA sAtaveM guNasthAna se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka arthAt uparyukta chaha guNasthAnoM meM pAI jAtI hai| __ Artta, raudra aura zukla-dhyAna ke sambandha meM donoM paramparAoM meM vizeSa matabheda nahIM hai| jo matabheda dekhA jAtA hai, vaha dharmadhyAna ke sandarbha meM hI hai| isa saMbaMdha meM tattvArthasUtra ke nauveM adhyAya ke chattIsaveM sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue digambara-vidvAn paNDita phUlacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI likhate haiM -"dharmyadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiN| ye avirata, dezavirata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasaMyatajIvoM ke saMbhava hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zreNI-ArohaNa ke pahale-pahale dharmyadhyAna hotA hai aura zreNI-ArohaNa ke samaya se zukladhyAna hotA hai|12 yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki jahA~ digambara-paramparA nauveM adhyAya ke chattIsaveM sUtra ko 'AjJApAyavipAkasaMsthAnavicayAya dharmyam" 113 taka sImita karatI hai, vahA~ zvetAmbara-paramparA meM yaha sUtra adhika vistAra se pAyA jAtA hai| usameM "AjJA'pAyavipAka saMsthAna vicayAya dharmamapramattasaMyatasya" taka kaha diyA gayA hai| isake bAda zvetAmbara-paramparA meM ar3atIsaveM sUtra ke rUpa meM "upazAMtakSINakaSAyayozca" kA. sUtra bhI milatA hai| isakI vyAkhyA meM paNDita sukhalAlajI likhate haiM -1. vItarAga tathA sarvajJa purUSa kI AjJA kyA hai aura vaha kaisI honI cAhie? // tattvArthasUtra - vivecanakartA siddhAntAcArya paNDita phUlacandra zAstrI sUtra 9/36 kI vyAkhyA pR.301 13 zvetAmbara-paramparA meM dharmyam ke sthAna para "dharmamapramattasaMyatasya" sUtrapATha hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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288 isakI parIkSA karake vaisI AjJA kA patA lagAne ke lie manoyoga lagAnA AjJAvicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| 2. doSoM ke svarUpa aura unase chuTakArA pAne ke vicArArtha manoyoga lagAnA apAyavicaya--dharmadhyAna hai| 3. anubhava meM Ane vAle vipAkoM meM se kauna-kaunasA vipAka kisa-kisa karma kA AbhArI hai tathA amuka karma kA amuka vipAka sambhava hai -isake vicArArtha manoyoga lagAnA vipAkavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| 4. lokasvarUpa kA vicAra karane meM manoyoga lagAnA saMsthAnavicaya-dharmadhyAna hai| dharmadhyAna ke svAmiyoM ke viSaya meM zvetAmbara aura digambara-paramparAoM meM mataikya nahIM hai| zvetAmbara-mAnyatA ke anusAra, ukta do sUtroM meM nirdiSTa sAtaveM, gyArahaveM aura bArahaveM guNasthAnoM meM, tathA isa kathana se sUcita AThaveM Adi bIca ke tIna guNasthAnoM meM arthAta sAtaveM se bArahaveM taka ke chahoM guNasthAnoM meM dharmadhyAna saMbhava hai| digambara-paramparA meM cauthe se sAtaveM taka ke cAra guNasthAnoM meM hI dharmadhyAna kI sambhAvanA mAnya hai| usakA tarka yaha hai ki zreNI ke AraMbha ke pUrva taka hI samyagdRSTi meM dharmadhyAna saMbhava hai aura zreNI kA Arambha AThaveM guNasthAna se hone ke kAraNa AThaveM Adi meM yaha dhyAna kisI bhI prakAra sambhava nahIM hai| 114 isa prakAra, upasaMhAra-rUpa se hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki jahA~ Artta, raudra aura zukladhyAna ke sandarbha meM zvetAmbara aura digambara-paramparAoM meM mataikya hai, vahA~ dharmadhyAna ko lekara donoM paramparAoM meM matabheda bhI hai| sAmAnya rUpa se cAroM dhyAnoM ke svAmiyoM kI carcA ko hama isa rUpa meM prastuta kara sakate haiN| ArttadhyAna pahale guNasthAna se chaThaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| raudradhyAna pahale guNasthAna se pAMcaveM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| dharmadhyAna zvetAmbara-paramparA ke anusAra sAtaveM guNasthAna se prAraMbha hokara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai, jabaki digambara-paramparA ke anusAra dharmadhyAna caturtha guNasthAna se prAMrabha hokara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka hI pAyA jAtA hai| zukladhyAna terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki zukladhyAna ke cAra caraNoM meM se prathama 114 'tatvArthasUtra' vivecaka paM. sukhalAla siMghavI, pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 227 For Personal & Private Use Only

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289 do caraNa terahaveM guNasthAna meM aura aMtima do caraNa caudahaveM guNasthAnavI jIvoM meM pAe jAte haiN| isa prakAra, cAroM dhyAnoM ke svAmiyoM kI carcA samApta hotI hai| dharmadhyAna meM piNDastha-padastha-rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAnoM kA svarUpa - Agametara grantha-sAhitya meM arthAt yogazAstra115. yogasAra 16, dravyasaMgraha (TIkA)117, jJAnArNava 18, dhyAnastava 119. svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA 120, dhyAnadIpikA 121, dhyAnavicAra 122, guNasthAnakramAroha 23. dhyAnasAra 124, svAdhyAyasUtra125 Adi granthoM ke praNetAoM ne dhyeya kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai - 1. piNDasthadhyAna, 2 padasthadhyAna, 3 rUpasthadhyAna aura 4. rUpAtItadhyAna / 'svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA' meM hameM uparyukta cAra dhyAnoM ke krama meM antara dRSTigocara hotA hai|126 115 piNDasthaM ca padasthaM, rUpasthaM rUpavarjitam / caturdhA dhyeyamAmnAtaM dhyAnasyAlambanaM budhaiH| -yogazAstra-7/8 16 jo piMDatthu payatthu buha rUpasthu vi jinnutt| rUvAtItu muNehi lahu jimi parU hohi pvittu|| - yogasAra, 98 17 padasthaM mantravAkyasthaM piNDasthaM svaatmcintnm| rUpasthaM sarvacidrupaM rUpAtIta niraMjanam / / - dravyasaMgraha (TIkA) 48 // 8 piNDasthaM ca padasthaM ca rUpasthaM ruupvrjitm| caturdA dhyAnamAmnAtaM bhavyarAjIvabhAskaraiH / / - jJAnArNava-34/1 / / piNDasthaM ca padasthaM ca rUpasthaM ruupvrjitm| - dhyAnastava, zloka-24 120 kArtikeyAnuprekSA, pR. 226 121 piNDastha ca padasthaM ca rUpasthaM ruupvrjitm| ityanyaccApi saddhyAnaM te dhyAyanti caturvidham / / - dhyAnadIpikA, zloka-137, pR.8 122 piNDatthaM ca payatthaM rUvatthaM rUvavajjiyasarUvaM / tattaM paramiTThimayaM gurUvai8 thunnissaami|| - dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pR. 147 123 piNDasthAdi caturdhA yA dharmadhyAna prakIrtitam / / - guNasthAnakakramArohaNa, 35 124 piNDasthaM ca padasthaM ca rUpasthaM rUpavarjitam / ' dhyeyacaturvidhaM proktaM dharmyadhyAnapathAdhvagaiH / / - dhyAnasAra, 116 125 piNDastha-padastha-rUpastha-rUpAtIta-lakSyAnurUpamapi punazcaturvidham / / -svAdhyAyasUtra, a.10/12 126 padasthaM mantravAkyasya. .. || -svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, pR. 370 For Personal & Private Use Only

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290 prastuta grantha ke antargata padastha-dhyAna ko prathama evaM piNDastha-dhyAna ko dvitIya zreNI meM rakhA gayA hai| 'jJAnasAra' meM rUpAtIta-dhyAna ke atirikta piNDastha, padastha aura rUpastha dhyAna kA varNana milatA hai| 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana-bRhadvRtti' ke antargata praNidhAna ke saMbaMdha meM padastha, piNDastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta Adi cAra bhedoM kA ullekha milatA hai|128 ina cAroM bhedoM kA vistAra se vivecana isa prakAra hai : 1. piNDastha-dhyAna kA svarUpa - piNDa, arthAt deha yA shriir| stha, arthAt usameM sthita yA usameM rahane vAlI, ataH piNDastha kA sIdhA artha hotA hai -zarIra meM vidyamAna aatmaa| sarala zabdoM meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki sazarIra AtmA kA dhyAna hI piNDasthadhyAna kahA jAtA hai| zarIra kA sahArA athavA Alambana lekara citta ko sthira kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna hI piNDastha dhyAna hai|129 'zrAvakAcArasaMgraha' ke anusAra, svaccha sphaTika ke samAna nirmala, pavitra deha, jJAna-darzana-paramasukha tathA vIryayukta, azokavRkSa, surapuSpavRSTi Adi aSTa-mahAprAtihArya se suzobhita, sura-nara se pUjita, cAra ghAtIkarmoM ke naSTa ho jAne se utpanna anaMta-jJAna, ananta-darzana ke svAmI cauMtIsa atizaya evaM paiMtIsa vANI ke guNoM se yukta arihaMta-paramAtmA kA jisameM dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha piNDastha-dhyAna kahalAtA hai|130 127 jJAnasAra - padmasiMhamuni viracita, 18/28 prastuta pramANa jaina evaM bauddha yoga'-DaoN. sudhA jaina pustaka se uddhRta, pR.200 128 prastuta saMdarbha - 'dhyAnavicAra-savivecana' pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 155 129 dhyAnasyAlambanaM budhaiH / / - yogazAstra, zloka-8, pR.7 130 zuddhasphaTikasaMkAzaM prAtihAryaSTakAnvitam / yad dhyAyate'rhato rUpaM tada dhyAnaM piNDa sNjnykm|| - zrAvakAcAra saMgraha, bhA.-2, pR.457 For Personal & Private Use Only

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291 isameM eka anya rUpa se bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki puruSAkRti rUpa caudaha rAjaloka kA cintana, arthAt apane zarIra meM tIna loka ke AkAra kA cintana-manana karanA piNDastha-dhyAna hai|131 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana-bRhadvRtti' ke anusAra, arihaMta-paramAtmA ke svarUpa kA dhyAna piNDastha-praNidhAna hai|132 .. 'dhyAnastava'133 meM likhA gayA hai -"svaccha sphaTika ke sadRza nirmala, Aditya ke samAna bhAsvara, dUrastha AkAza-pradeza ke lokAgra bhAga meM saMsthita, samasta atizayayukta, aSTaprAtihArya samanvita, bhavyajanoM ke lie AnaMdaprada, vizvajJa, sarvajJa, sarvadRSTA, nityAnandasvarUpa, ananta AtmaguNoM se yukta paramAtmA ko apane dehastha AtmA se abhinna mAnate hue tathA zuddha dhyAnarUpa agni dvArA samasta karmoM kA dahana karate hue paramAtmA kA dhyAna piNDastha-dhyAna ke rUpa meM samAdRta hai|134 dhyAnasAra135 ke anusAra arhanta Adi akSaroM se yukta nAbhikamala Adi ke rUpa meM deha sthAnoM meM yogiyoM ke dhyAna karane ko piNDastha-dhyeya kahA hai| svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra, jo pRthivyAdi tattvoM, svayaM ke zarIra tathA AtmapratIka Adi piNDoM para AdhArita hotA hai, vaha piNDastha hai|136 piNDastha-dhyAna se sAdhaka nirlipta-nirmukta ho jAtA hai, arthAt vaha saMsAra ke jAla se mukta ho jAtA hai| dhyAnAmRta138 meM likhA hai ki AtmasvarUpa kA cintana karanA piNDastha-dhyAna hai| 131 adho bhAgamadholokaM madhyAMzaM madhyamaM jagat ... || - zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga-2, gA.121-123, pR. 457 132 'shriirsthsy'-siddhhemshbdaanushaasn-bRhdvRtti|| - prastuta saMdarbha dhyAnavicAra-savivecana pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 156 133 svacchasphaTikasaMkAzavyaktAdityAdi tejasam / dUrAkAzapradezasthaM saMpUrNodagravigraham / / sarvAtizayasaMpUrNa ............ piNDasthadhyAnamIDitam / / - dhyAnastava, 25,26,27,28 134 prastuta saMdarbha 'jainadharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsakrama' pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 59 135 nAbhipadmAdirUpeSu dehasthAneSu yoginaam| __ arhamAdyakSaranyAsaiH piNDasthaM dhyeymucyte|| - dhyAnasAra, zloka-117 136 pRthivyAdi-bhUta-svazarIrAtma pratIkAdi-piNDAzritaM piNDastham / / - svAdhyAyasUtra, adhi.10, sU.13 137 prastuta saMdarbha 'bAtacIta :dhyAna/yoga' pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 10 138 "piNDastha svAtma cintanam' - dhyAnAmRta, dharmAlaMkAra se uddhRta, pR.189 For Personal & Private Use Only

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292 isa dhyAna kI siddhi ke lie pAMca dhAraNAoM kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai|139 1. pArthivI-dhAraNA, 2. AgneyI-dhAraNA, 3. zvAsanA-dhAraNA, 4. vArUNIdhAraNA, 5. tattvarUpavatI (tttvbhuu)-dhaarnnaa| inakA vistAra se varNana Age kiyA jaaegaa| padastha dhyAna kA svarUpa - padastha, arthAt padoM athavA akSaroM para citta ko ekAgra karanA padastha dhyAna hai| isa dhyAna meM nAnAvidha vidhAoM, maMtroM, padoM Adi kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM isake svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki nirmala-pavitra padoM, zabdoM yA svara-vyaMjanoM athavA bIjAkSaroM ke avalambana dvArA jo cintana-manana rUpa dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dhyAna padastha-dhyAna kahalAtA hai|140 _ 'vasunandi zrAvakAcAra' meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana milatA hai ki eka akSara se lekara vividha rUpa ke paMca-parameSThI vAcaka pavitra mantrapadoM kA uccAraNa jisa dhyAna meM kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dhyAna hI padastha kahA jAtA hai| 141 'yogazAstra' meM bhI isI bAta kI puSTi kI gaI hai ki mahAprabhAvazAlI mantrAkSara Adi pavitra padoM kA avalaMbana lekara jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, use siddhAnta ke pAragAmI puruSoM ne padasthadhyAna ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| 142 139 ka) pArthivI syAdathAgneyI mArUtI vArUNI tthaa| tattvabhUH paMcamI ceti piNDasthe pNcdhaarnnaa|| -yogazAstra, 7/9 kha) pArthivI syAttathAgneyI zvasanAvAya vaaruunnii| tattvarUpavatI ceti vijJeyAstA ythaakrmm|| - jJAnArNava, 37/3 140 padAnyAlambya puNyAni yogibhirydvidhiiyte| tatpadastha mata dhyAna vicitranayapAragaiH / / - jJAnArNava, 35/1 14 / jaM jhAijjai uccAriUNa prmetttthimNtpymmlN| eyakkharAdi vivihaM payatthajhANaM muNeyavvaM / / - vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 464 142 yatpadAni pavitrANi samAlambya vidhiiyte| tatpadasthaM samAkhyAtaM dhyAnaM siddhAnta paargaiH|| - yogazAstra, pR.8, zlo.-1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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'dhyAnastava'' * 143 ke anusAra - "prabho! tumhAre anugRhIta svarUpa, arthAt tumhAre pramAda se mAnasika - vikalpatA se rahita hokara, ekAgratA ko pAkara jisameM Apake nAmapada kA nAma ke akSara yA maMtroM kA jo jApa hotA hai, usako padastha - dhyAna kahA jAtA hai|" 144 akSaradhyAna akSaroM ke dvArA dhyAtA zarIra ke tIna bhAgoM kI kalpanA karatA hai, arthAt nAbhikamala, hRdayakamala tathA mukhakamala kI mAnasika - kamalAkRti kA cintana karatA hai, jaise- mere nAbhikamala meM solaha dalavAlA eka kamala sthita hai, jisakI eka-eka paMkhur3I para 'a' 'A' 'i' 'I' Adi aise solaha akSaroM kA aMkana hai| dhyAtA ina vargoM para adhyavasAyoM ko sthira karatA hai / 145 hRdayakamala meM sAdhaka caubIsa paMkhur3iyoM se yukta eka kamala kI parikalpanA karatA hai, jisake ekadama bIca meM eka karNikA bhI hotI hai| ina caubIsa paMkhur3iyoM tathA karNikA para 'ka', 'kha', 'ga' se lekara 'pa', 'pha', 'ba', 'bha', 'ma' taka paccIsa varNa likhe hue rahate haiM / 146 mukhakamala para ATha patravAlA eka kamala banA huA hai, jisake pratyeka patte para ya, ra, la, va, za, Sa, sa, ha Adi ATha varNa aMkita haiM / isa prakAra, apane-apane maNDaloM meM vidyamAna akAra se lekara hakAra taka ke paramazaktisampanna maMtroM ke dhyAna se prajJA jAgrata hotI hai / yaha dhyAna isaloka evaM paraloka meM phala pradAna karane vAlA hotA hai| 147 143 tava nAmapadaM deva maMtramaikAgrayamIryataH / japato dhyAnamAmnAtaM padasthaM tvatprasAdataH / / dhyAnastava, zlo. 29 'prastuta saMdarbha 'dhyAnazataka evaM dhyAnastava' - bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrI pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 10-11 144 145 ka) dviguNASTadalAmbhoje nAbhimaNDalavartini kha) tatra SoDazapatrADhye nAbhikandagate'mbuje / / - jJAnArNava 35 / 3 / / - yogazAstra 8 / 2 293 146 ka) caturviMzatipatrADhyaM hRdikaMja ....paMcaviMzatim / / - .. paMcaviMzatim / / kha) caturviMzatipatraM ca hRdi padma.... 147 ka) tattvAnuzAsana - 107 jJAnArNava, 35/4 yogazAstra 8/3 kha) vaktrabje'STadale ..... / / yogazAstra - 8 / 4 - For Personal & Private Use Only

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mantra aura varNoM kA dhyAna - isa dhyAna ke antargata 'ahaM' ko samasta maMtroM, varNoM aura padoM kA svAmI mAnA gayA hai, jo repha (') yukta kalA evaM bindu se AkrAnta anAhata sahita maMtrarAja kahalAtA hai|148 'jJAnArNava' ke antargata AcArya zubhacandra aura 'yogazAstra' ke antargata AcArya hemacandra ne anAhata kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai ki aha~ mahAmaMtra 'anAhatadeva' se yukta hai|149 jJAnArNava 150 evaM yogazAstra151 meM isa mahAmaMtra kI dhyAna-prakriyA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| vistAra ke bhaya se isakA varNana yahA~ na karate hue mAtra itanA hI samajhanA hai ki dUja ke cAMda kI rekhA ke sadRza evaM bAla ke agrabhAga ke sadRza sUkSma rUpa se anAhata 'ha' kA dhAtavya hai|152 isa dhyAna ke antargata pahale lakSya kA AlaMbana tatpazcAt anukrama se lakSya kA abhAva batAyA gayA hai| lakSya se alakSya kI ora Age bar3hanA yaha isa dhyAna kA vidhAna hai| jisa sAdhaka kA mana alakSya meM sthita ho jAtA hai, usako manovAMchita phala kI prApti hotI hai|153 148 atha mantrapadAdhIzaM srvtttvaiknaaykm| AdimadhyAntabhedena svaravyaMjana sambhavam / UrdhvAdhorephasaMrUddhaM sakalaM bindulAcchitam / anAhatayutaM tattvaM maMtrarAjaM pracakSate / / - jJAnArNava- 35/7-8 149 ka) anAhatAbhidhaM devaM divyarUpaM vicintyet|| - vahI- 35/25 kha) anAhUtAbhidhaM devaM visphurantaM vicintyet|| - yogazAstra- 8/25 150 jJAnArNava- 35/10, 16-19, 24 151 yogazAstra- 8/ 18-22, 25-26 152 ka) candralekhAsamaM sUkSma sphurantaM bhAnubhAsvaram / / -jJAnArNava- 35/25 __ kha) nizAkara-kalAkaraM sUkSma bhAskara bhaasvrm|| - yogazAstra- 8/25 153 ka) dhyAyedekAgratAM prApya kartuM cetaH sunizcalam / / - jJAnArNava- 35/27 kha) niSaNNamanasastatra sidhyatyabhimataM muneH / / - yogazAstra- 8/28 For Personal & Private Use Only

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praNavadhyAna isa dhyAna ke antargata 'U~' pada kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai / prAyaH sabhI mokSavAdI - paramparAe~ ise ekamata se svIkAra karatI haiN| jaina- darzana arthAta jaina-vAD.maya meM U~ ko paMcaparameSThI ke vAcaka ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| isake anusAra arahaMta, azarIrI - siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM muni - ina pAMca padoM ke prathama varNa ko lekara saMdhi karane se U~ zabda niSpanna hotA hai, arthAt a+a+A+u+ma= a+a+aa+=aa| A + u = o aura o + ma = oma yA U~ aisA mAnA gayA hai|' isa mahAmaMtra 'OM' ko kumbhaka ke mAdhyama se dhyAyA jAtA hai / 154 155 paMcaparameSThI dhyAna isa dhyAna ke aMtargata sarvaprathama hRdaya meM ATha paMkhur3iyoM se yukta kamala ko sthita karake karNikA para aMkita 'saptAkSara arahaMtANaM' pada kA smaraNa, tatpazcAt cAroM dizAoM meM cAra paMkhur3iyoM para ' Namo siddhANaM', 'Namo AyariyANaM', 'Namo uvajjhAyANaM', 'Namo loe savvasAhUNaM' kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, phira cAroM vidizAoM ke patroM meM kramazaH eso paMcanamukkAro, savva pAvappaNAsaNo, maMgalANaM ca savvesiM, paDhamaM havai maMgalaM ina padoM kA dhyAna hotA hai, parantu jJAnArNava meM vidizAoM meM krama kI bhinnatA najara AtI hai| 157 inake atirikta, jaina-granthoM meM bahuta se maMtra haiM, jinakA niraMtara evaM zuddha - adhyavasAyoM se japa karane para sAdhaka ko paramazAnti milatI hai tathA karmoM kA nAza hotA hai / 158 156 155 - 154 arahattA-asarIrA - Ayariya - uvajjhAya - muNiNo / paMcakkharanippaNNo oMkaro paMca paramiTTho / / chatpaMkaje catuSpatre jyotiSamanti pradakSiNam / a-sa-A- u sA'kSarANi dhyeyAni parameSThinAm / / - tattvAnuzAsana 10 kumbhakena mahAmaMtra praNava paricintayet - yogazAstra - 8/30 156 aSTapatre sitAmbhoje karNikAyAM kRtasthitim / Adya saptAkSaraM mantraM pavitraM cintayettataH / / siddhAdika-catuSkaM ca dikyatreSu yathAkramam / cUlApAda - catuSkaM ca vidikpatreSu cintayet / / - yogazAstra, 8/33-34 jJAnArNava- 35/41-42 .. dRSTibodhAdikaM tathA / / bRhadravyasaMgraha, 49 157 sphuradvimalacandrA 158 'aNNaM ca gurUvaeseNa' - 295 For Personal & Private Use Only

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296 'dhyAnasAra' ke anusAra parameSThI Adi ke vAcaka oMkAra Adi akSaroM kI paMkti ko uccAraNa ke dvArA duharAnA dhyAtA kA padastha-dhyeya kahalAtA hai|159 'svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra', pavitra-nirmala akSara Adi para Azrita dhyAna ko padastha kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra piNDastha-dhyAna meM piNDarUpa pratIka ko kendra mAnakara usa para dhyAna kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra padastha-dhyAna meM akSaroM ko kendra mAnakara abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| piNDastha-dhyAna kI apekSA padastha-dhyAna sUkSma hotA hai| piNDastha-dhyAna ke antargata pRthvI, vAyu Adi sthUla pratIka kendra banate haiM, vahIM padastha-dhyAna meM unakA sthAna akSara le lete haiN| isa taraha, sAdhaka sUkSma kendra ke mAdhyama se AtmonmukhatA pAne meM vizeSa vikAsa kI dizA meM gatizIla banatA hai|160 rUpastha-dhyAna kA svarUpa - arihaMta bhagavAn ke svarUpa kA Alambana lekara kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna rUpastha-dhyAna kahalAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, tIrthaMkara Adi mahApuruSoM ke sadguNoM evaM AdarzoM ko apane sAmane upasthita kara, unakA Azraya lekara sAdhaka ke dvArA jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vahI dhyAna rUpasthadhyAna hai| 'jJAnArNava' meM paiMtIsa sarga ke 'rUpasthadhyAna' ke antargata zloka kramAMka-1 se lekara 46 taka rUpastha dhyAna kA varNana hai| usameM likhA hai ki jisa arahaMta deva ke dvArA anantajJAna, darzana, dAna, lAbha, lobha, upabhoga, vIrya, kSAyikasamyaktva, cAritra Adi jo ina nau labdhisampanna Abhyantara lakSmIyukta haiM, jo samasta vizva ke jJAtA, dAtA, sarvahitaiSI, pravardhamAna, nirAmaya, nitya, avyaya, avyakta evaM purAtana haiM, aise 159 pravaNAdyakSarazreNI parameSThyAdivAcikAm / dhvaninA varttanaM tasya padasthaM dhyayemucyate / / -dhyAnasAra, 118 160 'pavitrAkSarAdyAzritaM pdsthm'| - svAdhyAyasUtra, DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI, sUtra 15, pR. 267 16 arhato rUpAmAlambya dhyAnaM ruupsthmucyte|| - yogazAstra- 9/7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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297 mahApuruSa ko yAda karake jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha dhyAna hI rUpastha-dhyAna hai|162 'dhyAnastava' ke anusAra jo. yogIrAja Apake nAma mAtra kA tathA bhinna zveta pratibimba kA dhyAna karatA hai, usako rUpastha-dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| 163 isakA aura spaSTIkaraNa karate hue bhAskaranandI likhate haiM ki jo zuddhasvarUpa sthita prAtihArya se yukta arahanta jaise apane zarIra kA dhyAna karatA hai, use bhI rUpasthadhyAna kahate haiN|164 'dhyAnasAra' meM rUpastha-dhyAna kA varNana karate hue granthakAra likhate haiM ki zuddha sphaTika ke samAna dedIpyamAna bhAmaNDalAdi aSTaprAtihAryayukta jina-rUpa kA cintana karanA rUpastha-dhyeya kahalAtA hai|165 'svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra' jJAna-darzanAdi guNoM se yukta, arhat-paramAtmA ke svarUpa ko Azraya banAkara kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna rUpastha hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, samasta arahaMta--paramAtmA ke dravya-guNa-paryAya kA bhI cintana-manana karanA, ve kevalI haiM; sarvajJa haiM, kyoMki ve jJAnAvaraNIyAdi cAra ghAtIkarmoM kA kSaya kara cuke haiN| aise zuddha arihaMta-paramAtmA ko kendra meM rakhakara dhyAna karanA hI rUpastha-dhyAna hai|167 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana-bRhadvRtti' meM likhA hai ki arihanta kI pratimA kA dhyAna rUpastha-praNidhAna hai|168 162 navakevalalabdhizrIsaMbhavaM svaatmsNbhvm| turyadhyAnamahAvahnau hutkrmendhnotkrm|| ratnatraya sudhAsyandamandIkRtabhava bhrmm| vItasaMgaM jitAdvaitaM zivaM zAntaM ca shaashvtm|| sarvajJaM sarvadaM sArvaM vardhamAnaM niraamym| nityamavyayamavyaktaM paripUrNa puraatnm|| -jJAnArNava, 36/24,25,26,30 163 nAmAkSaraM zubhaM pratibimba ca yoginaH / dhyAyato bhinnamIzedaM dhyAnaM rUpasthamIDitam / / -dhyAnastava, zlo.30 164 zuddhaM zubhaM svato bhinnaM prAtihAryadibhUSitam / deva svadehamarhantaM rUpasthaM dhyAna to'thvaa|| -vahI,zloka 31 165 bhAmaNDalAdiyuktasya zuddhasphaTikabhAsinaH / cintanaM jinarUpasya rUpasthaM dhyeymucyte|| -dhyAnasAra, 119 166 jJAnAdiguNAnvitA'rhatsvarUpAzritaM rUpastham / / - svAdhyAyasUtra, adhi.10, sUtra 16 16' prastuta saMdarbha 'bAtacItaHdhyAna yoga' -DaoN.nemIcaMda jaina, pustaka se uddhRta, pR.11 168 pratimAsthasya' (siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana-bRhadavRtti), prastuta saMdarbha dhyAnavicAra-savivecana' pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 156 For Personal & Private Use Only

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'svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA' kI TIkA meM eka bAta aura spaSTa kI hai ki rUpastha - dhyAna ko sAdhaka do prakAra se dhyA sakatA hai- 1. svagata aura 2. paragata / svayaM kI AtmA kA dhyAna hai - svagata aura arahanta Adi kA Alambana lekara jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha paragata hai / ' 169 * pravacanasAroddhAra 70, svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA 71, [171 zrAvakAcArasaMgraha " Adi granthoM meM likhA hai ki samavasaraNa meM virAjamAna arihaMta paramAtmA kA jisameM dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha rUpasthadhyAna kahalAtA hai / 'yogazAstra' meM rUpasthadhyAnavartI ke lakSaNa kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai ki rUpasthadhyAna ko dhyAne vAlA dhyAtA rAga-dveSAdi kaSAyapravRtti se pare hotA hai, yogamudrA se yukta hone ke kAraNa netroM se asIma AnaMda evaM karuNA kA jharanA pravAhita hotA hai| vizeSa guNoM se yukta jinendra ke pratibimba ke zAntacittavRtti se dhyAna meM nimagna rahatA hai| 173 sArAMza yaha hai ki prastuta dhyAna kA dhyAtA rAga- -dveSAdi kaSAyabhAvoM se rahita vItarAga kA hI dhyAna karatA hai, kyoMki rAgI ke dhyAna se rAgI evaM vItarAgI ke dhyAna se sAdhaka vItarAgI banatA hai| 174 isakA mUla kAraNa yaha hai ki jIva jinajina adhyavasAyoM ke adhIna hotA hai, una una adhyavasAyoM meM ekAgra ho jAtA hai / " 169 'svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA TIkA, pR. 377 170 pravacanasArodvAra, gA. 441-450 175 17 svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA, zubhacandra TIkA, pR. 377 172 zrAvakAcAra saMgrahaM, bhAga - 2, pR. 459 rAga-dveSa- mahAmoha-vikAraikalaMkitam / zAntaM kAntaM manohAri sarvalakSaNalakSitam / / tIrthikaira parijJAta-yogamudrA manoramam / akSNoramandamAnandaniHsyandaM ddddbhutm|| jinendrapratimArUpam api nirmala mAnasaH / nirnimeSaddazAM dhyAyan rUpasthadhyAnavAn bhaveta / / - yogazAstra, pra.9, zlo. 8,9,10 174 vItarAgo vimucyate vItarAgaM vicintayan / zagiNaM tu samAlamvya rAgIsyAt kSomaNAdikRta / / - yogazAstra - 9/13 175 yenayena hi bhAvena yujyate yantravAhakaH / tena tanamayatAM yati vizvarUpo maNiryathA / / - 173 298 vahI - 9/14 For Personal & Private Use Only

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rupAtIta dhyAna kA svarUpa rUpa se atIta kA artha hotA hai ki raMga-rUpa se rahita, niraMjana, jJAnayukta zarIra, AnaMdasvarUpa ke smaraNa karane ko rUpAtIta dhyAna kahate haiN| zuddha - pavitra, kamala se rahita paramAtmA kA dhyAna hI rUpAtIta dhyAna hai / 176 jisameM dhyAtA apanI AtmA ko paramAtmA samajhakara smaraNa karatA hai aura usI meM lIna bana jAtA hai tathA apane karmoM kA kSaya karake pratyakSa rUpa parameSThI bana jAtA hai| 177 'yogazAstra' meM likhA hai ki indriyoM ke viSayoM se pare, arthAt varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza se rahita, AkAra-rahita, anaMtajJAna, anaMta - darzana, anaMta - cAritra Adi guNoM se alaMkRta, cidAnandamaya, niraMjana, aSTa- karmoM ko kSaya karake jo siddha, buddha ho cuke - aise siddha - paramAtmA kA dhyAna rUpAtIta dhyAna kahalAtA hai| 7 178 svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA TIkA' 179 aura zrAvakAcAra - saMgraha 180 meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana milatA hai ki isa dhyAna meM avasthita sAdhaka prathama to apane guNoM ko smRtipaTala para lAkara unakA smaraNa karatA hai, tatpazcAt siddhoM ke guNoM kA cintana-manana karatA hai / una siddha - buddha, niraMjana - nirAkAra, siddha-paramAtmA ke caraNoM kA Azraya lekara unakA niraMtara dhyAna karatA rahatA hai| usa samaya sAdhaka (yogI) kI dhyAtA aura dhyAna- ina donoM se pare dhyeyarUpa siddha - paramAtmA ke sAtha ekarUpatA ho jAtI hai| 181 176 cidAnandamayaM zuddhamamUrtaM jJAnavigraham / smaredyatrAtmanAtmAnaM tadrUpAtItamiSyate / / 177 7 tadguNagrAmasaMpUrNa tatsvabhAvaikabhAvitam / kRtvAtmAnaM tato dhyAnI yojayetparamAtmani / / 178 8 amUrttasya cidAnanda - rUpastha paramAtmanaH / niraMjanasya siddhasya dhyAnaM syAd rUpavarjitam / / - 181 jJAnArNava, 37/16 vahI - 37/19 179 svAmIkArttikeyAnuprekSA TIkA, pR. 378 180 zrAvakAcAra - saMgraha, bhAga 2, pRSTha 459 ityajasraM smaran yogI tatsvarUpAvalambanaH / tanmayatvamavApnoti grAhyagrAhakavarjitam / / - yogazAstra, 10/2 kha) AkarSaNa vazIkAraH ... tataH samarasIbhAva - saphalatvAnna vibhramaH / / - tattvAnuzAsana nAmaka dhyAnazAstra, 211-212 299 yogazAstra - 10/1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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300 rUpAtIta yogI ke adhyavasAya siddha-paramAtmA ke sAtha ekIkRta ho jAnA hI samarasIbhAva kahalAte haiN| 182 AtmA abheda rUpa se paramAtmA meM sadA-sadA ke lie lIna ho jAtI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, rUpAtIta-dhyAna dharakara paramAtmA ke samAna nijasvarUpa meM lIna honA hai|183 "siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana-bRhatvRtti' ke anusAra, arihanta bhagavAn ke rUpAtIta svarUpa kA dhyAna, jo yogIgamya hai, vaha rUpAtIta-praNidhAna hai|184 'dhyAnastava' meM likhA hai -"malarahita svaccha sphaTika maNi meM pratibimbita jinendratulya, sarvakarmoM tathA dehAtIta siddha-svarUpa apanI AtmA kA jo cintana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha rUpAtIta dhyAna kahA jAtA hai| 185 'dhyAnasAra' meM kahA gayA hai ki ratnatraya se suzobhita, atIndriya zuddha siddha paramAtmA kA cintana-manana rUpAtIta dhyeya mAnA gayA hai|186 'svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra', siddha-paramezvara ke svarUpa kA AlaMbana lekara jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha rUpAtIta dhyAna kahalAtA hai|187 saMkSepa meM, "apane zarIra kA tathA loka kA cintana karanA piNDastha-dhyAna hai| paMca namaskAra-mantra yA eka, do, tIna, cAra Adi akSaroM ke mantroM ko vAcika, upAMzu yA mAnasika-bhedoM se japa karanA padastha-dhyAna hai| apanI AtmA ko zarIra ke samAna athavA samudghAta ke dvArA lokAkAza ke samAna cintana-manana karanA, yA phira mahAguNoM se yukta kevalI bhagavAn ke svarUpa kA cintana karanA rUpastha-dhyAna hai tathA zuddha AtmA kA svarUpa, karmakalaMkarahita, rUpAdikarahita, zuddhajJAna, darzanamaya 182 ananyazaraNIbhUyasatasmin lIya........... prmaatmni|| -yogazAstra- 10/3, 4 183 'rUpAtIta dhyAna dharake banUM tuma samAnA', prastuta paMkti 'sudhArasa' pustaka, maNiprabhasAgara, ke mahAvIrasvAmI ke stavana se uddhRta 184 yogIgamyamarhatodhyAna' (siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana-bRhatvRtti) prastuta saMdarbha dhyAnavicAra-savivecana, pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 156 185 rUpAtItaM bhavettasya yastvAM dhyAyati shuddhdhiiH| AtmasthaM dehato bhinnaM dehamAtraM cidaatmkm|| -dhyAnastava, zloka 32 186 atIndriyasya zuddhasya ratnatritayazAlinaH / rUpAtItaM mataM dhyeyaM cintanaM paramAtmanaH / / -dhyAnasAra, zlo.120 187 'siddhasvarUpAvalambanaM ruupaatiitm| - svAdhyAyasUtra, adhi.10, sUtra 17 For Personal & Private Use Only

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301 siddhoM ke samAna cintana-manana karanA rUpAtIta-dhyAna hai| 188 sAmAnyatayA piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta-dhyAna ke prakAra dharmadhyAna meM hI sammilita haiM kintu ye bheda dhyeya kI apekSA se kie gae haiM, isalie inakA alaga se varNana kiyA gayA hai| 188 prastuta saMdarbha 'carcAsAgara' carcA dau sau saiMtAlIsavIM se uddhRta, pR. 534 For Personal & Private Use Only -

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302 pArthivAdi pA~ca prakAra kI dhAraNAoM kA svarUpa evaM jaina-paramparA meM vikAsa pArthivAdi prakAra kI dhAraNAoM kA svarUpa - jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM sUcita kiyA hai, Agametara kucha paravartI granthoM meM granthakAroM ne dhyeya kI dRSTi se dhyAna ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai - 1. piNDasthadhyAna, 2. padasthadhyAna, 3. rUpasthadhyAna aura 4.ruupaatiitdhyaan|189 'piNDa' kA artha hotA hai -zarIra, matalaba spaSTa hai ki zarIra ke AlaMbana dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna piNDastha-dhyAna hai| pavitra-nirmala padoM ke AlaMbana se kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna padastha-dhyAna hai| sarvacidrUpa ke AlaMbana se kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna rUpasthadhyAna hai aura siddha, buddha, niraMjana, nirAkAra-svarUpa siddhoM ke avalambana se kiyA jAne vAlA dhyAna rUpAtIta-dhyAna kahalAtA hai|190 piNDa zabda meM kisI bhI eka tattva (vastu) kI bhinna-bhinna avasthAe~ bhI samAhita haiM, udAharaNasvarUpa -alaga-alaga rUpoM meM sabhI jagaha vyApta pRthvI-tattva ko samaveta rUpa se liyA jAe, to vaha pRthvI-piNDa-saMjJA se abhihita hotA hai| pRthvI ke samAna hI agni, vAyu, jala ko bhI piNDarUpa mAnA gayA hai| 189 ka) piNDasthaM ca padasthaM ca rUpasthaM ruupvrjitm| caturdhA dhyeyamAmnAtaM dhyAnasyAlambanabudhaiH / / -yogazAstra -7/8 kha) piNDasthaM ca pdsth.......bhvyraajiivbhaaskrai|| - jJAnArNava - 34/1 ga) piNDasthaM ca ...............ruupvrjitm|| - dhyAnastava, zloka - 24 gha) piNDasthaM.......dhyeya catuvidhaM proktaM dhrmydhyaanpthaadhvgaiH|| - dhyAnasAra, zrIyazakIrti, zlo.116 Da) piNDastha-padastha-rUpastha-rUpAtIta-lakSyAnurUpamapi punazcaturvidham / -svAdhyAyasUtra, 10/12 190 padasthaM maMtravAkyasthaM piNDasthaM svaatmcintnN| rUpasthaM sarvacidrUpaM rUpAtIta nirnyjnN|| - svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA, TIkA, pR. 226 For Personal & Private Use Only

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303 yogazAstra191, jJAnArNava192 aura svAdhyAyasUtra193 meM piNDastha-dhyeya kI pAMca dhAraNAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, ve nimnAMkita haiM - 1.pArthivI-dhAraNA, 2. AgneyI-dhAraNA, 3. zvAsanA-dhAraNA, 4. vArUNI-dhAraNA aura 5. tattvabhU (tttvruupvtii)-dhaarnnaa| . dhAraNA, arthAt grahaNa yA dhAraNa karane yogya, yA phira grahaNa kie jAne ke sthaan| eka-eka dhAraNA kA varNana isa prakAra hai - 1. pArthivI-dhAraNA - isa sampUrNa loka ko tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai - 1. urdhvaloka, 2. madhyaloka evaM 3. adholok| eka rajju ke barAbara parimANa vAlA yaha madhyaloka hai aura madhyaloka ko naraloka, tiryagloka athavA mRtyuloka Adi nAmoM se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| jisa pRthvI para hama rahate haiM, usako hI madhyaloka kahate haiN| madhyaloka ke samAna hI lambAI evaM caur3AI vAlA kSIrasAgara jambUdvIpa ke samAna eka lAkha yojana vAlA, svarNakAntiyukta sahasradala kamala hai| sAdhaka ko mana-mastiSka meM aisA calacitra aMkita karanA hai ki usa kamala ke bIcoMbIca eka zveta, ujjvala siMhAsana hai, phira usa para baiThakara aisI kalpanA karanA hai ki mere samasta karmoM (kaSAyoM) kA nAza ho rahA hai - aisA cintana-manana karanA pArthivI-dhAraNA kahalAtI hai|194 yogazAstra195, jJAnArNava16 meM bhI pArthivI dhAraNA ke saMbaMdha meM isI bAta kA samarthana milatA hai| 191 pArthivI syAdathAgneyI mArUtI vArUNI tthaa| tattvabhUH paMcamI ceti piNDasthe paMca dhaarnnaa|| -yogazAstra, pra.7/9 192 pArthivI syAttathAgneyI shvsnaakhyaathvaaruunnii| tattvarUpavatI ceti vijJeyAstA yathAkramam / / -jJAnArNava- 34/3 199 pArthivyAgneyI-mArUtI-vArUNI-tattvabhvAkhyAH paMcadhAraNAH pinnddsthsy| - svAdhyAyasUtra, 10/14 194 tiryagloka samaM dhyAyet kSIrAbdhiM tatra caambujm| sahasrapatraM svarNAbhaM jambUdvIpasamaM smaret / tatkesarataterantaH sphurpiNggprbhaaNcitaam| svarNAcalapramANAM ca karNikA pricintyet|| zvetasiMhAsanAsInaM karma nirmUlanodyatam / AtmAnaM cintayet tatra paarthiviidhaarnnetysau|| 195 tiryaglokasamaM dhyAyet .... .....paarthiviidhaarnnetysau|| - yogazAstra- 7/10,11,12 1% tiryaglokasamaM yogI smarati......bhavodbhUtakarmasaMtAnazAtane / / - jJAnArNava- 34/4-9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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'svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra, sAdhaka ekAgragAminI ciMtana - dhArA se socatA haijisa pRthvI para maiM rahatA hU~, vaha madhyaloka hai| eka rajju parimitiyukta kSIrasAgara meM jambUdvIpa ke samAna lAkha yojana vistIrNa hajAra patroM vAlA kamala, jyotiyukta ujjvala siMhAsana hai, usa para samAsIna hokara karmoM kA mUlocchedana karane meM samudyata huuN| yaha ciMtana-paddhati pArthivI - dhAraNA hai / " 197 yaha isa pRthvI arthAt dharatI ko AdhAra - rUpa mAnakara kI gaI dhAraNA hai / yaha cintanAnucintana prakriyA sAdhaka ke dhyAna ko anya padArthoM se vimukha kara mAtra eka hI piNDastha - kalpita vastu athavA padArtha para sthira karatI hai| yaha ekAgratA kI mahattvapUrNa prakriyA hai / 2. AgneyI - dhAraNA isa dhAraNA meM sAdhaka thor3A Age bar3hakara eka anya vidhA kI parikalpanA karatA hai| usakI cintana - dhArA meM eka solaha paMkhur3iyoM vAlA kamala nAbhi ke andara vidyamAna hai aura usakI eka-eka paMkhur3iyoM para kramazaH 'a-A-i-I-u-U -R-RlR-lR-e-ai-o-au-aM-aH' ye solaha svara sthApita haiN| tatpazcAt repha, bindu aura kalA sahita mahAmaMtra 'a ' akSara hai| 'ahaM' ke repha se zanaiH-zanaiH dhUmazikhA nikala rahI hai, phira cinagAriyoM kA nikalanA, Aga kI prajvalatA kA cintana karanA, sthira adhyavasAyoM dvArA aisA ahasAsa karanA ki hRdaya - sthala para ATha paMkhur3iyoM sahita eka kamala sthita hai, jo aSTakarmoM kA pratIka rUpa hai| vaha usa agni se jalakara bhasma ho gayA hai agnijvAlAeM zAnta ho gaI haiM - aisA cintana-manana AgneyI - dhAraNA meM hotA hai| 198 304 - 197 pArthivyA 11 svAdhyAyasUtra, adhyAya - 10, sUtra - 12, pR. 265 198 ka ) vicintayettathA nAbhI kamalaM SoDazacchadma / karNikAyAM mahAmantraM pratipatra svarAvalIm / / .. syAdAgneyIti dhAraNA / / - yogazAstra, zlo. 13-18, pR. 7 kha) tato'sau nizcalAbhyAsAt kamalaM nAbhimaNDale / smaratyati manohAri SoDazonnatapatrakam / / pratipatrasamAsIna... .. zAntiM yAti vahni zanaiH-zanaiH / / jJAnArNava, sarga - 34, zlo. 10-19 rephabindukalAkrAntaM .... - For Personal & Private Use Only

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305 'svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra' AgneyIdhAraNA meM sAdhaka yoM cintana karatA haiusakI nAbhi meM solaha patravAlA, karNikA ke madhya 'ahaM' aMkanavAlA aura pratyeka patra meM 'a' se 'aH svara aMkitavAlA kamala sthApita hai| hRdaya meM aSTakarmadalasvarUpa ATha paMkhur3iyoM vAlA adhomukha kamala hai| karNikA meM sthita 'ahaM' mahAmaMtra ke () se dhIre -dhIre cinagAriyoM se yukta agni nikala rahI hai| parikalpanA isa prakAra hotI hai ki usa Aga meM aSTakarmarUpa kamala jalakara bhasma ho jAtA hai, phira agni zAMta ho jAtI hai| 199 prastuta dhAraNA ke mAdhyama se karmoM ke AvaraNa ko bhasmIbhUta karane kA yaha eka sarasa evaM sundara upAya hai| isa upAya ke kAraNa sAdhaka karmakSaya kI prakriyA meM itanA lIna ho jAtA hai ki usake citta kI caMcalavRtti dUsarI ora na bhaTakakara usI meM ekAgra banI rahatI hai| 3. vAyavI-dhAraNA - karmadahana ke pazcAt sAdhaka ko apane bhItara kI citta-pariNati ko eka nae mor3a kI kalpanA meM kalpita karanA hotA hai| sAdhaka ko yaha cintana karanA hai ki pracaNDa vAyu samagra vizva ko apanI pracaNDatA se prabhAvita karatA huA, parvatoM ko calAyamAna karatA huA aura samudroM ko kSubdha karatA huA, arthAt ghora pavana ina sabako apane prabhAva se prabhAvita karatA huA, sAtha hI AgneyI-dhAraNA meM zarIra tathA aSTakarmarUpI kamala ko dahana karane ke bAda bacI huI rAkha ko ur3A rahA hai, rAkha kA Dhera bikhara gayA aura idhara-udhara ur3akara vaha sthAna sApha ho gayA hai, isa prakAra dRr3ha abhyAsa ke sAtha vAyu dhIre-dhIre zAnta ho rahI hai, aisI cintana-dhArA ko vAyavIdhAraNA kahate haiN| ise mArUtI dhAraNA ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai|200 199 svAdhyAyasUtra, a.10, sU.12, pR.266 200 ka) tatastribhuvanAbhogaM pUrayantaM smiirnnm| calAyantaM girInabdhIn kSobhayantaM vicintyet| tacca bhasmarajastena shiighrmudhuuyvaayunaa| dRDhAbhyAsaH prakSAntiM tamAnayediti maaruutii|| -yogazAstra-7/19-20 kha) vimAnapathamApUrya saMcarantaM samIraNam / smaratyavirataM yogI mahAvegaM mahAbalam / / cAlayantaM sa ...........samIra shaantimaanyet|| - jJAnArNava-34/20,21,22,23 ga) svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA TIkA, pR. 376 gha) zrAvakAcAra saMgraha, bhA.3, pR.516 For Personal & Private Use Only

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'svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra' isa dhAraNA kI cintana - prakriyA vAyu para AdhArita hai / tInoM lokoM ko ApUrita, parvatoM, samudroM ko apane prabhAva se prabhAvita karatI huI vAyu AgneyI-dhAraNA meM deha aura AThoM karmoM ke jala jAne se jo bhasma banI thI, use gaganamaNDala meM yatra-tatra vikIrNa karake zAnta ho gaI - aisA socanA vAyavI dhAraNA hai | 201 4. vArUNI - dhAraNA vAyavI - dhAraNA ke pazcAt sAdhaka vArUNI- dhAraNA ko siddha karane kA prayatna karatA hai| isa dhAraNA kA saMbaMdha jala - tattva se hai| dhyAnI- sAdhaka aisI parikalpanA athavA cintana kare -"indradhanuSa, bijalI evaM garjanAdi se rahita amRtatulya jalayukta meghamAlA se AkAza vyApta hai / tadanantara meghoM ke ekadama bIca meM arddhacandrAkAra binduyukta varuNa-bIja 'va~ para apanA dhyAna kendrita kre| varuNa-bIja se nirantara utpanna amRta sama varSA ho rahI hai| usa jala dvArA pUrva meM zarIra tathA karmoM ke dahana se ur3ane vAlI evaM zAnta rAkha kI DherI prakSAlita ho rahI hai / paudgalika - deha tathA aSTakarmoM kI rAkha barasAta ke pAnI se dhulakara sApha ho rahI hai | 202 isa dhAraNA dvArA zarIra aura karmoM kI bhasmIrUpa meM bacA huA avazeSa bhI nahIM rahA hai, vaha sampUrNa rUpa se vilIna ho gayA hai| yaha Atmavizuddhi kA eka sundara kAlpanika prayoga hai / 201 svAdhyAyasUtra, 10 / 12, pR. 266 202 ka) smareda varSatsudhAsAraiH dhanamAlAkulaM nabhaH / tato'rdhendusamAkrAntaM maNDalaM varUNAMkitam / / nabhastalaM sudhAmbhobhiH plAvayettatpuraM tataH / tadrajaH kAyasambhUtaM kSAlayediti vArUNI / / yogazAstra- 7/21-22 kha) vArUNyAM sa hi puNyAtmA ghanavrAtacitaM nabhaH / indrAyudhataDidgarji camatkArAkulaM smaret sudhAmbuprabhavai... .. prakSAlayati niHzeSa tadrajaH kAyasabhavam / / jJAnArNava- 34 / 24-27 306 - For Personal & Private Use Only -

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307 jJAnArNava, svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA TIkA203, zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha 204 Adi granthoM meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana milatA hai| "svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra' meM vArUNI dhAraNA jala tattva se saMbaMdhita hai| sAdhaka kI cintana-dhArA isa prakAra hotI hai -gagana meM amRtatulya barasAta karanevAle ghanaghora bAdala AcchAdita haiN| unameM candrabinduyukta varUNa bIja '_' aMkita hai| usameM se nirantara nikalate amRtatulya jala se sampUrNa gagana paripUrita ho gayA hai aura pUrva dhAraNA meM pavana ke dvArA jale hue zarIra aura karmoM kI jo bhasma ur3A dI gaI thI, vaha isa jala se dhulakara sApha ho rahI hai|205 5. tattvabhU (tattvarUpavatI) - uparyukta cAroM dhAraNAoM ke cintana-manana ke pazcAt sAdhaka yaha kalpanA kare ki merI AtmA bhI zuddha svarUpa vAlI hai, atizaya-sampanna hai| vizuddha AtmasvarUpa hI merA nijasvarUpa hai| yaha anaMta jJAna-darzanayukta hai| yogazAstra jJAnArNava, zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha Adi granthoM meM likhA hai ki sAdhaka kA cintana aisA honA cAhie - merI dehAtIta-avasthA, arthAt merA Atmatattva sarvajJa ke samAna sAta dhAtu se rahita hai aura pUrNa candramA ke samAna ujjvala, dhavala, nirmala tathA pavitra hai| merI AtmA niraMjana-nirAkAra hai| samasta 203 svAmIkArtikeyAnuprekSA TIkA, pR. 370-371 204 zrAvakAcArasaMgraha, bhA.5, pR. 520 205 svAdhyAyasUtra - 10/12, pR. 266-267 206 saptadhAtu-vinAbhUtaM pUrNendu vizadadyutim / sarvajJakalpamAtmAnaM zuddhabuddhiH smaret tt|| tataH siMhAsanArUDhaM sarvAtizayabhAsuram......kalyANamahimAnvitam / / - yogazAstra - 7/23-24 207 sAtadhAtuvinirmuktaM pUrNacandrAmalatviSam / sarvajJakalpamAtmAnaM tataH smarati zuddhadhIH / / mRgendraviSTarArUDhaM.............jinasamayamahAmbhodhipAraM prayAtaiH / / - jJAnArNava - 34/28-32 208 zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha, bhAga-5, pR. 519 For Personal & Private Use Only

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308 karmoM se rahita, devoM se pUjita apane zarIrastha zuddha AtmA kA smaraNa karanA hI tattvabhU nAmaka pA~cavI dhAraNA hai| 'svAdhyAyasUtrAnusAra' ke antargata likhA hai ki tattvabhU-dhAraNA Atmatattva ke cintana para AdhArita hai| jo sAdhaka AdhyAtmayogI piNDastha-dhyAna ko svAyatta kara letA hai, vaha zivasukha-mokSa ke parama AnaMda ko prApta karatA hai| piNDastha-dhyAna se vyaktitva meM aisA divya oja prAdurbhUta hotA hai ki vaha bAhara se Ane vAlI vighna-bAdhAoM se vimukta ho jAtA hai|209 isa prakAra, piNDastha-dhyAna kA abhyAsa ho jAne para sAdhaka zivasukha yA mokSarUpa anaMta sukhoM ko prApta karatA hai| isa taraha prathama dhAraNA meM dhyAtA mana ko ekAgra karatA hai, dvitIya dhAraNA meM zarIra tathA aSTakarmoM ko naSTa karatA hai, tRtIya dhAraNA meM AtmA ko deha tathA karmoM ke saMbaMdha ko bhinna dekhatA hai| caturtha dhAraNA meM karmoM ko naSTa hotA huA dekhatA hai aura pA~cavI dhAraNA ke antargata karma aura deha se pare zuddha AtmasvarUpa kA avalokana karatA hai| phalataH, sAdhaka ko zukladhyAna taka pahuMcane kI yogyatA prApta ho jAtI hai| jaina-paramparA meM piNDasthAdi dhyAna kA vikAsa - jahA~ taka dharmadhyAna ke piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta-bhedoM kA prazna hai tathA piNDastha dhyAna kI pArthivI Adi pA~ca dhAraNAoM kA prazna hai, vastutaH ve Agamika nahIM haiN| yaha to hameM svIkAra karanA hogA ki AgamoM aura prAcIna stara kI Agamika-vyAkhyAoM meM inakA kahIM bhI koI ullekha nahIM milatA hai| "yadyapi dhyAna ke ye cAra prakAra tathA pArthivI Adi pA~ca dhAraNAe~ kaba aura kaise jaina-paramparA meM vikasita hue, inakA srota kahA~ hai aura ve uttarottara kisa prakAra se vikAsa ko prApta hue -yaha vicAraNIya sandarbha hai; kyoMki sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, 209 pArthivyAgneyI-mArUtI-vArUNI-tattvabhvAkhyAH paMcadhAraNAH piNDasthasya / / -svAdhyAyasUtra - 10/10 210 sAbhyAsa iti piNDesthe yogI zivasukhaM bhjet|| - yogazAstra - 7/25 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bhagavatI, dhyAnazataka, harivaMzapurANa, AdipurANa Adi granthoM evaM unakI TIkAoM meM ina bhedoM kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA gayA hai| zAstroM ke adhyayana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki piNDastha, padastha Adi bhedoM kA ullekha sarvaprathama AcArya yogInduviracita yogAcAra (jisakA kAla IsA kI chaThavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai) meM milatA hai / tatpazcAt, ina bhedoM kA ullekha AcArya zubhacandrakRta jJAnArNava (gyArahavIM zatI) tathA AcArya hemacandrasUriviracita yogazAstra ( 12vIM - 13vIM) meM milatA hai| 211 DaoN. sAgaramala jaina Adi vidvAnoM ne spaSTa rUpa se yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki dharmadhyAna ke piNDastha Adi cAra avasthAe~ tathA pArthivI Adi pA~ca dhAraNAe~ AgamakAlIna nahIM haiN| ye mukhyataH hindU tAntrika - paramparA ke prabhAva se jaina - paramparA meM avatarita kI gaI hai| inakA sarvaprathama ullekha hameM gheraNDasaMhitA meM milatA hai, vahIM se digambara jainAcArya zubhacandra ne unheM grahaNa kiyA hai aura AcArya hemacandra ne apane yogazAstra meM yA to sIdhe gheraNDasaMhitA se, yA phira zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava se unheM uddhRta kiyA hai| isa prakAra, hama dekhate haiM ki piNDasthAdi dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda aura piNDastha-dhyAna kI pArthivI Adi pA~ca dhAraNAe~ jaina- paramparA meM vikasita na hokara hindU - paramparA meM hI vikasita huI haiM / DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne yaha bhI sUcita kiyA hai ki piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta ye cAroM prakAra ke dhyAna bauddhoM kI tAntrika - paramparA meM bhI rahe haiM, ataH inakA vikAsa hindU yA bauddha-tAntrika paramparA meM hI huA hai, vahIM se ve jaina paramparA meM praviSTa hue haiM / - 309 -000 211 ' prastuta saMdarbha 'jaina evaM bauddha yoga : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana' pustaka se uddhRta, pR.201 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jinabhadragaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadrIya TIkA: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana paMcama adhyAya 1. dhyAnazataka aura sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, aupapAtika, tattvArtha, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI- ArAdhanA, dhavalA, AdipurANa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana 2. dhyAna-sAdhanA aura labdhi 3. sAdhaka ko labdhiyoM kI prApti se bacanA cAhie 4. jaina-paramparA meM labdhiyoM kI gauNatA 5. dhyAna aura kAyotsarga 6. kAyotsarga aura samAdhi For Personal & Private Use Only

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adhyAya-5 dhyAnazataka kA sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, aupapAtika, tattvArtha, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, dhavalATIkA tathA AdipurANa se tulanAtmaka adhyayana 310 jahA~ taka dhyAnazataka kA vibhinna zvetAmbara - digambara granthoM se tulanAtmakaadhyayana kA prazna hai, isa sambandha meM sarvaprathama prayAsa paM. bAlacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI ne apane dvArA sampAdita evaM anuvAdita 'dhyAnazataka' kI bhUmikA meM kiyA thaa| use AcArya kIrttiyazasUrIzvarajI ne apane dhyAnazataka (haribhadrIyaTIkA sahita) ke prArambha meM yathAvat rUpa se diyA hai| maiMne prastuta tulanAtmaka - adhyayana meM use AdhAra banAyA hai, kintu vivecana saMkSipta rUpa se apanI bhASA evaM zailI meM kiyA hai| yadyapi sandarbha unhIM granthoM ke AdhAra para dene kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / dUsare, prastuta adhyayana meM maiMne apanI paramparA aura kAlakrama ke AdhAra para prathama zvetAmbara Agama-granthoM ko, tatpazcAt tattvArthasUtra ko taduparAnta digambaraAgamatulya granthoM ko tathA dhavalA Adi TIkA ko AdhAra banAkara yaha vivecana kiyA hai| paM. bAlacandrajI siddhAntazAstrI ne kucha digambara - purANoM ke AdhAra para bhI tulanAtmaka - adhyayana ko prastuta kiyA thA, usako maiMne sabase aMta meM sthAna diyA hai / isa prakAra, isa tulanAtmaka adhyayana kA prArambha zvetAmbara - mAnya AgamasAhitya se karake, phira anta meM digambara-granthoM ko diyA gayA hai| cUMki 'dhyAnazataka' ke racanAkAra jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa zvetAmbara - paramparA ke rahe haiM, ataH prathama zvetAmbara-Agama se tulanA karanA hI mujhe ucita lagA, kyoMki unhoMne 'dhyAnazataka' meM zvetAmbara - AgamoM kA hI AdhAra liyA hai| usake pazcAt maiMne 'tattvArthasUtra' ko sthAna diyA hai, kyoMki 'tattvArthasUtra' meM bhI zvetAmbara - AgamoM se dhyAnasaMbaMdhI kAphI samarUpatA prApta hotI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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311 dhyAnazataka ke racanAkAra jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa ke sAmane tattvArthasUtra kI racanA bhI ho cukI thii| jahA~ taka digambara-Agamatulya granthoM kA prazna hai, unameM 'mUlAcAra' aura 'bhagavatI-ArAdhanA' ye donoM grantha jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa ke 'dhyAnazataka' se kucha pUrvavartI mAne jA sakate haiM, kintu jahA~ taka dhavalATIkA aura AdipurANa kA prazna hai, ye donoM grantha 'dhyAnazataka' ke bAda ke hI haiN| kyoMki ye donoM grantha lagabhaga AThavIM-nauvIM zatAbdI ke bAda hI Ate haiM, jabaki 'dhyAnazataka' lagabhaga chaThavIM-sAtavIM zatAbdI meM hI racA gayA hai| dhyAnazataka aura sthAnAMgasUtra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana - jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM sUcita kiyA hai ki jina granthoM ko Aja hama Agama ke nAma se jAnate haiM, ve hI prAcInakAla meM zruta, yA samyak-zruta ' athavA 'gaNipiTaka' ke nAma se bhI jAne jAte the| 'gaNipiTaka' meM samasta dvAdazAMgI samAhita ho jAtI hai| 'vizeSAvazyakabhASya' kI gAthA meM yaha spaSTa hai ki artha ke praNetA tIrthaMkara aura sUtra ke praNetA gaNadhara hote haiN| 'pramANanayatattvAloka' meM bhI isI bAta kA samarthana milatA hai ki dvAdazAMgI ke kartA gaNadhara hai| ve tIrthaMkaroM ke vacanoM ke AdhAra para hI ina granthoM kI racanA karate haiN| dvAdazAMgI kA tIsarA aMga 'sthAnAMgasUtra' hai| abhI jisa rUpa meM yaha Agamagrantha upalabdha hai| usakA saMkalana evaM sampAdana vIra-nirvANa ke karIba 980 varSa pazcAta 'vallabhInagara meM devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa ke netRtva meM huA thaa| devarddhigaNi ne / sammasuyaM jaM imaM arahaMtehi bhgvNtehi| naMdI-||saM.A.mahAprajJa laaddnuuN||, sUtra 65, pR. 122 ....... sarvajJaiH sarvadarzimiH praNItaM dvAdazAMga gaNipiTakaM tadyathA-AcAraH sUtrakRtaM sthAnaM samavAyaH vyAkhyA-prajJapti jJAtadharmakathAH upAsakadazAH antakRtadazAH anuttaropapAtidazAH praznavyAkaraNAni vipAka shrutNdRssttivaadH| - naMdIsUtra/ prakaraNa 4/ sUtra 65 3 atthaM bhAsai arahA suttaM gaMthaMti gaNaharA niuNaM / / - vizeSAvazyakabhASya, gAthA 1119 4 AptavacanAdAvirbhUtamarthasaMvedanamAgamaH / / - pramANanayatattvAloka 4/1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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. 312 apanI kuzAgrabuddhi-bala dvArA Agama-granthoM ko vyavasthita karake pustakArUr3ha kiyA thaa| sthAnAMgasUtra ke dasa adhyayana haiN| dasa adhyayanoM meM dUsarA, tIsarA, cauthA aura pA~cavA - ye cAra adhyayana uddezakoM meM vibhAjita haiN| dvitIya, tRtIya aura caturtha adhyayana ke cAra-cAra evaM pA~cave ke tIna uddezaka haiM, zeSa chaha adhyayanoM meM eka-eka uddezaka haiN| isa prakAra, uddezakoM kI kula saMkhyA ikkIsa hai| 'naMdIsUtra' ke anusAra, sthAnAMgasUtra ke bahattara hajAra pada mAne gae haiN| parantu vartamAna meM yaha grantha 3770 zloka-parimANa hI hai| isakI viSaya-vastu kA vivecana saMkhyAoM ke kramAnusAra sthAnoM ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| jisameM eka-eka padArthoM kI vivecanA hai, vaha 'prathama sthAna' hai, jaise - AtmA eka hai, daNDa eka hai, kriyA eka hai, loka eka hai, ityaadi| jisameM do-do padArthoM kA varNana hai, vaha 'dvitIya sthAna' hai, jaise - jIva-ajIva, trasa-sthAvara, jIvakriyA ajIvakriyA, samyaktvakriyA-mithyAtvakriyA; ityaadi| isa taraha, antima dasa sthAna taka kramazaH uttarottara saMkhyA ke krama se viSaya-vastuoM kA ullekha huA hai| isI 'sthAnAMgasUtra' ke caturtha-sthAna ke antargata prathama uddezya meM cAra dhyAnoM kA sundara vivecana milatA hai| isameM pratyeka dhyAna ke prakAroM, upaprakAroM, lakSaNa, Alambana tathA anuprekSA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta sabhI prakAroM, upaprakAroM Adi kA ullekha 'dhyAnazataka' meM bhI milatA hai| hama yahA~ use kucha vistAra se spaSTa kreNge| valahIpurammi nayare, devaDhipamuheNa smnnsNghenn| putthai Agamu lihiyo, navasaya asIAo viraao|| -prastuta gAthA sthaanaaNgsuutr|| saM.-munimadhukara / / pustaka kI prastAvanA se uddhRta, pR. 26 'naMdIsUtra, 83 ''sthAnAMgasUtra' - ||saM.-muni madhukara / / kI prastAvanA se uddhRta, pR. 30 ege aayaa| ege dNddeN| egA kiriyaa| ege loe| -sthAnAMgasUtra, saM.munimadhukara, sthA.1, pR.2-3 ___ jayatthi NaM loge taM savvaM-dupaovaAraM, taM jahA-jIvacceva-ajIvacceva / tase ceva-thAvare cev| do kiriyAo paNNattAo, taM jahA-jIvakiriyA cev-ajiivkiriyaacev| jIvakiriyA duvihA paNNattA, taM jhaa-smmttkiriyaacev-micchttkiriyaacev| -vahI, sthA.1, udde.1, sUtra 1-3, pR. 24-25 10 sthAnAMgasUtra, saM.-munimadhukara, catu.sthA, pra.uddezaka, sU. 60-72, pR. 222-226 For Personal & Private Use Only

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313 1. ArtadhyAna : sthAnAMgasUtra meM ArtadhyAna ke prathama prakAra ko paribhASita karate hue yaha kahA gayA hai ki anabhISTa vastu kA saMyoga hone para usako dUra karane kA bAra-bAra cintana karanA 'amanojJa ArtadhyAna' hai|" isakA aura jyAdA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue dhyAnazataka meM likhA hai ki dveSavazAt azubha pariNati vAle jIva ko jaba amanojJa zabda, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparzAdi indriya ke viSayoM kA saMyoga prApta hotA hai, taba ina sabhI viSayoM kA viraha athavA viyoga kaise ho ? kisa taraha ye sabhI mujhase pRthak hoMge ? aura viyoga ho jAne ke bAda bhaviSya meM punaH saMyoga na ho, satata usakA anucintana karanA ArtadhyAna kA prathama prakAra hai| isI prakAra, sthAnAMga meM manojJa aura AtaMka nAmaka ArttadhyAna ke dUsare evaM tIsare prakAra ko nirdiSTa kiyA hai| dhyAnazataka meM bhI ina donoM prakAroM kA spaSTa ullekha hai, antara kevala itanA hai ki sthAnAMga meM jise dUsarA ArttadhyAna kahA gayA hai, dhyAnazataka meM usakA krama tIsare sthAna para hai aura sthAnAMga meM jise ArtadhyAna kA tIsarA prakAra kahA hai, usakA dhyAnazataka meM dUsarA krama hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM ArttadhyAna ke cauthe prakAra kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki kAma-bhoga kA saMyoga hone para usakA saMyoga banA rahe -aisA bAra-bAra cintana karanA prItikAraka ArtadhyAna hai, 15 parantu dhyAnazataka meM devendra, cakravartI Adi ke rUpa, Rddhi Adi kI yAcanA karanA --aisA nidAnarUpa ArttadhyAna kA cauthA prakAra hai| sthAnAMgasUtra ke TIkAkAra abhaya sUri ne apanI TIkA meM ise spaSTa karate hue yaha kahA hai ki dvitIya ArtadhyAna abhISTa / / amaNunnasaMpaogapautte tassa vippaogasatisamaNNAMgate yAvi bhvti| - sthAnAMgasUtravRtti, sUtra-6, pR.28 12 amaNuNNANaM saddAi ......... || - dhyAnazataka gAthA gAthA 6, 13 maNunasaMpaogasaMpautte tassa avippaogasatisamaNNAgate yAvi bhavati 2, AyaMkasaMpaogasaMpautte tassavippaogasatisamaNNAgate yAvi bhavati - sthAnAMgasUtra-4 sthA.. 2 udde.. 6sU. 222 pR. 1 iTTaNa visayAINa ....... | taha sUla-sIsarogAiveyaNAi ... | - dhyAnazataka gAthA 7 aura 8 15 parijusitakAmabhogasaMpaogasaMpautte tassa avippaogasatisamaNNAgate yAvi bhvti|| - sthAnAMga, sthA. 4. pra.udde, sU. 61 pR. 222 / deviMda-cakkavaTTittaNAI guNa-riddhipatthaNamaIyaM ..... || -dhyAnazataka, gAthA 9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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314 dhanAdi se jahA~ sambaddha hai, vahIM caturtha ArtadhyAna usa dhanAdi se prApta hone vAle bhogoM se sambaddha hai| isa prakAra ina donoM granthoM meM kucha aMtara hai| zAstrAntara meM dvitIya aura caturtha ke eka jaise hone se yA unameM bheda na rahane se unheM tIsarA ArtadhyAna mAnA gayA hai tathA caturtha ArttadhyAna ko nidAna ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai|" yaha kahate hue unhoMne Age dhyAnazataka kI ArtadhyAna se sambaddha cAroM gAthAoM (6-9) ko bhI uddhRta kara diyA hai| isa prakAra, zAstrAntara se unakA abhiprAya tattvArthasUtra aura dhyAnazataka kA hI rahA huA pratIta hotA hai| ArtadhyAna ke krandanatA, zocanatA aura paridevanatA ye tIna lakSaNa sthAnAMga tathA dhyAnazataka meM prAyaH eka samAna hai| parantu sthAnAMga meM jahA~ 'tepanatA20 kA varNana hai, vahA~ dhyAnazataka meM 'tADana" zabda ko grahaNa kiyA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra kI TIkA meM abhayadevasUri ne 'tipi' dhAtu ko kSaraNArthaka mAnakara tepanatA zabda kA artha azru bahAnA athavA azru-vimocana kiyA hai| 2. raudradhyAna : sthAnAMgasUtra meM ArtadhyAna kI taraha hI raudradhyAna ke bhI cAra prakAroM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai - 1. hiMsAnubandhI, 2. mRSAnubandhI, 3. steyAnubandhI aura 4. vissysNrkssnnaanubndhii| dhyAnazataka meM unake nAmollekha kA abhAva hai, parantu svarUpa-carcA se inake nAmoM kA bodha jarUra ho jAtA hai| 24 sthAnAMga meM jo raudradhyAna ke lakSaNa batAe gae haiM ve isa prakAra haiM -1. utsannadoSa, 2: bahudoSa, 17 dvitIyaM vallabhadhanAdiviSayam caturtha tatsaMpAdyazabdAdibhogaviSayamiti bhedo'nayorbhAvanIyaH / zAstrAntare tu dvitIya-caturthayorekatvena tRtIyatvam, caturtha tu tatra nidAna muktm| uktaM ca - (dhyA.za.6-9) sthAnAMgavRtti, dhyAna za. sanmArga pra., pR. 29 se uddhRta 18 nidAnaM c| - tattvArthasUtra 9/33 19 prastuta saMdarbha dhyAnazatakaM, sanmArga prakAzana ahamadAbAda, pustaka ke dhyAnazataka ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke pR. 104-105 se uddhRta 20 aTTassa NaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paM taM jahA-kaMdaNatA, soyaNatA, tippaNNatA, paridevaNatA -sthAna 4, u.1, sU.62, pR. 222 / tassa'kkaMdaNa-soyaNa-paridevaNa-tADaNAI liMgAI.... || - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 15 2 tepanatA-tipeH kssrnnaarthtvaaduvimocnm| - sthAnAMgaTIkA " rohe jhANe caunvihe paM taM- hiMsANubandhi, mosANubandhi, teNANubandhi, sArakkhaNANubandhi - sthAnAMgasUtra, udde 1, sUtra 63, pR. 223 24 sattavaha-veha-baMdhaNa-DahaNaM...savvAbhisaMkaNaparovaghAyakalusAulaM cittaM - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 19-22 For Personal & Private Use Only

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315 3. ajJAnadoSa aura 4. aamrnnaantdoss| dhyAnazataka meM ina lakSaNoM ke nAmollekha isa prakAra haiM - 1.utsannadoSa, 2. bahuladoSa, 3. nAnAvidhadoSa aura 4. AmaraNadoSa / 'nAnAvidha' nAmaka lakSaNa meM kucha bheda jarura dikhAI detA hai, lekina zeSa tIna lakSaNoM meM koI matabheda nahIM hai| isake bAvajUda bhI donoM granthoM ke TIkAkAra, krama se, abhayadevasUri aura haribhadrasUri ne unakA jo abhiprAya vyakta kiyA hai, vaha prAyaH samAna hI hai|" 3. dharmadhyAna : AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya -ye cAra dharmadhyAna ke prakAra haiN| sthAnAMgasUtra meM unakA nirUpaNa bahuta sarala tathA spaSTa rUpa se huA hai, lekina dhyAnazataka meM nAmollekha kI anupasthiti ke bAda bhI bhAvanAdi bAraha dvAroM kI carcA meM dhyAtvyadvAra ke antargata AjJA, apAya Adi kI jo carcA milatI hai, vaha ina cAroM prakAroM kI upasthiti kA saMketa hai| sthAnAMga meM jahA~ dharmadhyAna ke AjJAruci, nisargaruci, sUtraruci aura avagAr3haruci - ina cAra prakAra ke lakSaNoM ke saMdarbha meM varNana milatA hai, vahIM dhyAnazataka meM Agama, upadeza, AjJA aura nisarga, yAnI jinakathita tattvoM para zraddhA" rUpa cAra lakSaNoM kA varNana milatA hai| zraddhA yA ruci zabda ke abhiprAya meM 25 ruddassaNaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paM taM, osaNNadose, bahudose, annANadose, AmaraNadose -sthAnAMgasUtra, 4.sthA, 13.64sU. 223 pR. 26 liMgAiM tassa ussnnnn-bhul-naannaavihaa''mrnndosaa| -dhyAnazataka, gAthA-26 27 ajJAnAt-kuzAstrasaMskArAt hiMsAdiSvadharmasvarUpeSu narakAdikAraNeSu dharmabuddhayA'bhyudayArtha vA pravRttistallakSaNo doSo'jJAnadoSaH / _ - sthAnAMgasUtra kI TIkA dhyAnazataka, sanmArga prakAzana, pustaka se uddhRta pR. 52 nAnAvidheSutvaktvakSaNa-nayanotkhananAdiSu hiMsAdhupAyeSvasakRdapyevaM pravartate iti nAnAvidha- dhyAnazataka TIkA pR. 105 28 dhamme jhANe cauvihe cauppaDoyAre paM taM ANAvijate, avAyavijate, vivAgavijate sNtthaannvijte|- sthA.4/1/65 29 AjJA, gAthA 45-49, apAya gAthA 50, vipAka gAthA51, saMsthAna gAthA 52-62 -dhyAnazataka, pR.224 30 dhammassaNaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paM.taM. ANAlaI, NisaggarUI, suttarUI, ogaaddh'ruutii|- sthAnAMga, sthAna caturtha udde.1, sU.66, pR.224 31 Agama-uvaesA''NA-Nisaggao jaM jinnppnniiyaannN| bhAvaNA saddahaNaM dhammajjhANassa taM liNg| -dhyAnazataka, 67 For Personal & Private Use Only

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koI antara nahIM hai| AjJA - nisarga donoM granthoM meM samAna hai| sthAnAMga meM jahA~ sUtra zabda kA prayoga huA hai, vahIM dhyAnazataka meM Agama zabda kA prayoga huA hai| donoM zabdoM ke artha meM koI bhinnatA nahIM hai / jahA~ sthAnAMga meM avagAr3haruci lakSaNa batAyA gayA hai, vahA~ dhyAnazataka meM 'avagAr3haruci' kI jagaha 'upadeza' zabda kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| donoM hI zabdoM kA artha samAna hai| sthAnAMgasUtra tathA dhyAnazataka - donoM granthoM meM vAcanA, pratipRcchanA aura parivartanA - dharmadhyAna ke ina tInoM AlambanoM meM samAnatA hai / sthAnAMgasUtra meM dharmadhyAna kA cauthA Alambana anuprekSA 2 ko kahA hai, parantu dhyAnazataka meM anucintA ko cauthA Alambana svIkAra kiyA hai, 33 vaha anuprekSA kA hI samAnArthaka hai| donoM kA hI artha sUtrArtha kA anusmaraNa hai / 32 34 sthAnAMgasUtra meM dharmadhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAoM kA ullekha hai - 1. ekAnuprekSA, 2. anityAnuprekSA, 3. azaraNAnuprekSA aura 4. saMsArAnuprekSA / dhyAnazataka meM to dharmasthAna ke bAraha dvAroM meM se anuprekSA nAmaka eka svataMtra dvAra hai aura usake saMbaMdha meM mAtra itanA kahA gayA hai ki muni ko satata anityAdi bhAvanAoM meM rata rahanA cAhie / anityAdi bhAvanAeM kitanI haiM isakA nirdeza anupalabdha hai / 35 AcArya haribhadrasUri ne dhyAnazataka kI vRtti meM likhA hai ki 'anityAdi meM jo Adi zabda hai, usase yaha spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai ki azaraNa, ekatva aura saMsAra - bhAvanAeM usameM samAhita haiM, sAtha hI Age unhoMne yaha bhI nirdeza kiyA hai ki zramaNa ko 'iSTajanasamprayogarddhiviSayasukhasampadaH ityAdi grantha ke Azraya se bAraha anuprekSAoM kA cintana-manana karanA cAhie / sthAnAMgasUtra meM cAra anuprekSAoM kA ullekha hai, kintu dhyAnazataka meM aisA kucha bhI nahIM hai| yadi dhyAnazatakakAra jinabhadragaNi ko 32 dhammassaNaM jhANassa cattAri AlaMbaNA paM taM vAyaNA, paDipucchaNA pariyaTTaNA aNuppehA / - sthAnAMga, sthA. 1, udde. 1 pR. 67 33 AlaMbaNAi vAyaNa-pucchaNa-pariyaTTaNA'NuciMtAo | - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 42 34 dhammassaNaM jhANassacattAri aNuppehAo paM taM - egANuppehA, aNiccANuppehA, asarANuppehA, saMsArANuppehA / 35 NiccamaNiccAi ciMtaNA paramo / / - 316 1 dhyAnazataka, 65 36 haribhadrasUri ne isa prArambhika vAkya ke dvArA prazamaratiprakaraNa nAmaka grantha kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, vahA~ iSTajanasamprayogarddhiguNasampadaH ityAdi 12 zlokoM meM bAraha anuprekSAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| . For Personal & Private Use Only - sthA., sthA. 4, udde. 2, sU, 68 pR. 224

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317 uparyukta cAroM anuprekSAoM ko batAnA hotA, to ve gAthA kra. ATha meM anityAdi ke sAtha cAra kI saMkhyA kA ullekha avazya karate, paraMtu vahAM vaisA kucha bhI nahIM hai| 4. zukladhyAna : sthAnAMgasUtra meM zukladhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA ullekha milatA hai| unake nAma adholikhita haiM - 1.pRthaktvavitarka-savicAra, 2. ekatvavitarka-avicAra, 3. sUkSmakriyA-anivartI aura 4. smucchinnkriyaa-aprtipaatii| __ dhyAnazataka meM ina cAroM prakAroM kA ullekha zukladhyAna ke dhyAtavyadvAra meM kiyA gayA hai| zukladhyAna ke cAra lakSaNoM ke sandarbha meM itanA hI samajhanA hai ki sthAnAMga tathA dhyAnazataka' -donoM meM lakSaNoM kA varNana hai aura unameM kisI prakAra kA koI antara nahIM, parantu itanA jarUra hai ki dhyAnazataka grantha ke gAthA kramAMka 91-92 meM una lakSaNoM ke svarUpa kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai, sAtha hI zukladhyAna ke cAra AlambanoM kA varNana sthAnAMgasUtra tathA dhyAnazataka meM samAna rUpa se kiyA gayA hai| anaMtavRttitAnuprekSA, vipariNAmAnuprekSA, azubhAnuprekSA tathA apAyAnuprekSA -ina cAroM zukladhyAnoM kI anuprekSAoM kA varNana hameM sthAnAMga 45 aura dhyAnazataka 46 meM 37 jaisA ki zukladhyAna ke prasaMga meM "NiyapamaNuppehAo cattAri carittasaMpaNNo" vAkya ke dvArA cAra saMkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| . - dhyAnazataka, 87 38 sthAnAMgasUtra, 4 sthA., 1 udde., 69sUtra, 225 pR. munimadhukara prakAzana byAvara / 39 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 77-78, 79-80, 81, 82 40 sthAnAMgasUtra, sthA.4, udde.1, sUtra 70, pR. 226 . 4 // dhyAnazataka -90 42 dhyAnazataka - 91-92 43 sthAnAMgasUtra, sthA.4, udde.1, sUtra 71, pR. 226 44 dhyAnazataka'- 69 45 sthAnAMgasUtra, sthA.4, udde. 1, sUtra 72, pR. 226 For Personal & Private Use Only

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318 samAna rupa se dRSTigocara hotA hai, asamAna-rUpa sthiti to mAtra itanI hai ki kramabheda spaSTatayA dikhAI detA hai| uparyukta viSaya-vastu kI vivecanA ke bAda hameM yaha pratIta hotA hai ki sthAnAMgasUtra meM rahI huI dhyAnaviSayaka samagra viSaya-vastu dhyAnazataka meM bhI yathAvata lI gaI hai, lekina dhyAnazataka ke antargata dhyAna ke sAmAnya lakSaNa, kAla, Artta-raudra Adi cAra dhyAna kisa-kisa guNasthAna meM saMbhava hai, kisa dhyAna kA adhikArI kauna hai, kauna se dhyAna se jIva ko kisa gati kI prApti hotI hai, kaunase-kaunase dhyAna ke svAmI ko kaunasI-kaunasI evaM kitanI-kitanI lezyA hotI hai; ityAdi sabhI tathyoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai, kintu ye sabhI vicAra sthAnAMgasUtra meM nahIM milate haiN| isase yaha samajhanA hogA ki dhyAnazataka kI racanA kA mukhya AdhAra to sthAnAMgasUtra hI rahA hai, parantu sAtha hI sAtha usameM tattvArthasUtra Adi granthoM kA bhI AdhAra liyA gayA hai| dhyAnazataka aura bhagavatI tathA aupapAtikasUtra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana - sthAnAMgasUtra kI dhyAnasambandhI viSaya-vastu prAyaH zabdataH bhagavatIsUtra" aura aupapAtikasUtra meM milatI hai| sAmAnya rUpa se zabda meM tathA krama meM jo antara hai, vaha isa prakAra hai - 1. ArtadhyAna ke lakSaNoM meM jahA~ sthAnAMga aura bhagavatIsUtra meM cauthA 'paridevanatA' hai,49 vahA~ aupapAtikasUtra meM paridevanatA ke sthAna para 'vilapanatA' hai, sAtha hI dhyAnazatakagata paridevana ko ArtadhyAna kA tIsarA lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai, lekina abhiprAya kI dRSTi se matabheda nahIM hai| 2. jahA~ sthAnAMgasUtra aura 46 dhyAnazataka 87-88 47 se kiM taM jhANe? jhANe cauvvihe paNNatte, taM jahA- aTTe jhANe, rodde jhANe, dhamme jhANe, sukke jhaanne| - bhagavatIsUtra, zataka 25, udde 7, sUtra 600-612 48 aupapAtika - tapavivecanAntargata, sUtra-3., pR. 49-50, saMpA.-madhukaramuni, pra.Agama samiti byAvara 49 aTTassaNaMjhANassa cattAri lakkhaNA paNNattA, taM jahA - kaMdaNayA, soyaNatA, tippaNayA, pridevnnyaa| __ - bhagavatIsUtra, za 25, udde 7, sU. 602 pR. 974 50 tassa'kkaMdaNa-soyaNa-paridevaNa-tADaNAiM liNgaaii|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 15 For Personal & Private Use Only

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319 bhagavatIsUtra meM dharmadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNoM meM tIsarA 'sUtraruci' aura cauthA 'avagAr3haruci' 51 hai, vahA~ aupapAtikasUtra meM tIsarA 'upadezaruci' aura cauthA 'avagAr3haruci' -isa prakAra krama bheda milatA hai| dhyAnazataka ke antargata bhI dUsarA lakSaNa upadezazraddhAna kahA gayA hai| 3. sthAnAMgasUtra aura bhagavatIsUtra meM dharmadhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAoM kA krama jahAM prathamataH ekatvAnuprekSA hai, vahAM aupapAtikasUtra meM isakA krama alaga hai| ekatvAnuprekSA kA sthAna tIsarA evaM anityAnuprekSA kA sthAna prathama hai| 55 dhyAnazataka ke antargata 'anityAdibhAvanA' kA saMketa to avazya hai, parantu saMkhyA kI kramatA yA sUcanA vahA~ upalabdha nahIM hai| 4. zukladhyAna ke cAroM prakAroM meM sUkSmakriyA-nivRtti aura samucchinnakriyApratipAtI kramazaH tIsarA aura cauthA prakAra hai - yaha krama sthAnAMga aura bhagavatIsUtra meM pAyA jAtA hai, jabaki aupapAtikasUtra meM anivRtti aura apratipAtI meM kramavyatyaya hokara ve sUkSmakriyApratipAtI tIsarA prakAra aura samucchinnakriyAnivRtti, cauthA prakAra ke rUpa meM nirdiSTa hue haiN| isa taraha, aupapAtikasUtra meM zukladhyAna ke lakSaNoM, AlambanoM aura anuprekSAoM meM thor3A-sA zabda tathA krama meM bheda pAyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra, dhyAnazataka tathA uparyukta AgamagranthoM kI samAnatA aura asamAnatA kI tulanA kA varNana samApta hotA hai| 51 dhammassaNa jhA.ca.la.pa. taM jahA-ANArUyI, nisaggarUyI, suttarUyI, ogaaddh'ruuyii| -bha.sU, za.25, udde 7, sU. 606 52 dhammassaNa jhA.ca.la.pa. taM jahA- ANArUI, NisaggarUI, uvaesarUI, suttruuii| - aupapAtika, sUtra30, pR.50 53 Agama-uvaesA''NA-Nisaggao...... | - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 67 54 dhamma.jhA.ca.aNuppehAo, paNNattAo, taM jahA-egatANuppehA, aNiccANuppehA, asaraNANuppehA, saMsArANuppehA - bhagavatIsUtra, za.25, udde.7, sU. 608, pR. 974 5 dhamma.jhA.ca.aNuppehAo, paNNattAo taM jahA.-aNiccANuhA, asaraNANuppehA, egattANuppehA, saMsArANuppehA - aupapAtika, 30 56 NiccamaNiccAibhAvaNAparamo.... | - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 65 57 sukke jhANe cauvhei cauppaDoyAre paNNatte, taM jahA- puhattevitakkesaviyArI, egattavitakke aviyArI, suhamakirie aNiyaTTI, samochiNNakirie appddivaayii| - bhagavatIsUtra, pra.lADanUM, saM. mahAprajJa, 25za, 7udde, 609sU. 974 pR. 58 sukkajjhANe cauvihe cauppaDoyAre paNNate taM jahA - puhuttaviyakke saviyArI, egattaviyakke aviyArI, suhumakirie apaDivAI, samucchinnakirie anniytttthii|| aupapAtika, saM.-muni madhukara, sUtra 30, pR. 50 For Personal & Private Use Only

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320 dhyAnazataka aura tattvArthasUtra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana - AcArya umAsvAti ne lagabhaga dvitIya athavA tRtIya zatAbdI meM tattvArthasUtra kI racanA kI thii| DaoN.. sAgaramala jaina ne kahA -"vAcaka umAsvAti kA tattvArthasUtra tathA tattvArthAdhigama jaina-darzana kI amara evaM advitIya kRti hai| isameM tattva, jJAna, AcAra, karma, bhUgola, khagola Adi samasta mahattvapUrNa viSayoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha jainadarzana kI sarvaprathama saMskRta kRti hai| isakI bhASA sarala evaM zailI pravAhazIla hai|"59 tattvArthasUtra dasa adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| kisI bhI taraha bhavya jIvamukti ko prApta ho, isa hetu jIva-ajIvAdi sAta tattvoM kA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA hai| nauveM adhyAya meM tapa ke vivecana ke antargata saMkSepa meM dhyAna kA AkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| dhyAnazataka meM usakA prabhAva vizeSa rUpa se pratIta hotA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM dhyAna ke svarUpa kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai - citta kI caMcalatA kA nirodha hI dhyAna hai| svAmI aura kAla ke sandarbha meM to yaha samajhanA hai ki uttama saMhananavAlA sAdhaka antarmuhUrta kAla taka dhyAna karatA hai| dhyAnazataka meM sthira adhyavasAya ko dhyAna kahA hai, jisakA abhiprAya tattvArthasUtra ke samAna hI hai| tatpazcAt aura spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA hai ki eka vastu meM citta kI sthiratA dhyAna hai, vaha mAtra antamuhUrta taka hI ekAgra rahatA hai| dhyAna ke svAmI ke saMbaMdha meM tattvArthasUtra meM to yaha kahA hai ki uttama saMhanana vAlA sAdhaka dhyAna kA adhikArI hotA hai, jabaki dhyAnazataka meM thor3A aura spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki isa prakAra kA dhyAna alpajJa-chadmastha jIvoM meM hI hotA hai| kevaliyoM kA dhyAna to yogoM ke nirodha-rUpa hotA hai, kyoMki vahA~ mana amana ho 59 'tattvArthasUtra' - paM. sukhalAlajI saMghavI, pustaka ke prakAzakIya se uddhRta 60 uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam / - tattvArthasUtra-9/27 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jAtA hai| gayA hai| 62 61 tattvArthasUtra meM dharma aura zukla ina donoM dhyAnoM ko mokSa kA hetu kahA hai, isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki pUrva ke Artta evaM raudradhyAna mokSa ke nahIM, apitu saMsAra - paribhramaNa ke hetu haiN| 3 dhyAnazataka kI gAthA meM to isakI spaSTa vyAkhyA hai| 64 62 dhyAnazataka uttama saMhanana kA prasaMga zukladhyAna ke antargata kiyA tattvArthasUtra meM ArttadhyAna ke prathama bheda kA nirUpaNa karate hue sUtrakAra ne kahA hai ki aniSTa padArtha kA saMyoga hone para usase mukta hone ke lie socanA, cintana karanA ArttadhyAna kA pahalA bheda hai| dhyAnazataka meM use thor3A aura spaSTa karate hue kahA hai amanojJa zabdAdi viSayoM aura unase saMbaMdhita padArthoM ke viyoga-viSayaka tathA AgAmI kAla meM unakA phira se saMyoga na honA - aisA cintana-manana yA cintA, yaha prathama ArttadhyAna kA lakSaNa hai, zeSa tIna ArttadhyAna ke lakSaNa bhI isI prakAra vikasita haiN| 6 65 63 -- tattvArthasUtra meM, sarvArthasiddhisammata sUtrapATha ke antargata manojJa viSayoM kA asaMyoga hone para punaH usako kaise prApta karanA - isa cintana - dhArA ko tathA vedanAjanya cintana-dhArA ko kramazaH dUsarA evaM tIsarA ArttadhyAna nirdezita kiyA hai, 67 jabaki dhyAnazataka ke antargata zUla - rogAdi vedanAjanya cintana - dhArA ko tathA iSTa-viSayAdi ke saMyoga kI cintana - dhArA ko kramazaH dUsarA evaM tIsarA ArttadhyAna " jaM thiramajjhavasANaM joganiroho jiNANuM tu| etecciya puvvANaM parANa kevaliNo / - vahI. gAthA 64 tattvArthasUtra, 9 / 29 ( pare mokSahetU iti vacanAt pUrve Artta - raudre saMsArahetu ityuktaM bhavati - sarvArthasiddhi) 64 'ahaM raddaM dhammaM sukkaM jhANAi tattha aMtAiM / nivvANasAhaNAiM bhavakAraNamaTTa-rUdvAiM - dhyAnazataka, gAthA5 65 ka) tattvArthasUtra 9 / 30 kha) amaNuNNANaM. / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 6 " ka) ArttamamanojJAnA.......vedanAyAzca / viparItaM manojJAMnAm / nidAnaM ca - tattvArthasUtra, 9/31,32,33,34, kha) taha sUla - sIsa..... / dhyAnazataka 7-9 67 viparIta manojJasya / vedanAyAzca / 321 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 2-3 tattvArthasUtra- 9/31-32 For Personal & Private Use Only

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nirdezita kiyA gayA hai / " tattvArthAdhigamasammata sUtrapATha meM bhI isI kathana kI sahamati hai| ArttadhyAna kina-kina guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai - isa kathana ko lekara tattvArthasUtra tathA dhyAnazataka - donoM ekamata haiM ki avirata, dezavirata aura pramattasaMyata-guNasthAnoM meM hI ArttadhyAna saMbhava hai / " isake atirikta, dhyAnazataka meM ArttadhyAnI ke lakSaNa, unakI gati kA kAraNa, ArttadhyAna saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA kAraNa kyoM hai, ArttadhyAnI kisa lezyA kA adhikArI hotA hai, ityAdi, 71 kucha anya carcA bhI kI gaI hai, jabaki tattvArthasUtra meM ye saba carcA nahIM hai / jahA~ tattvArthasUtra meM raudradhyAna ke bhedoM evaM svAmI kA nirUpaNa mAtra eka hI sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai, 72 vahA~ dhyAnazataka meM gAthA kramAMka - 19 se 27 taka meM raudradhyAna ke sandarbha meM carcA kI gaI hai| 73 tattvArthasUtra ke samAna bhedoM evaM svAmI ke nirdeza ke atirikta raudradhyAnI ke phala, lezyA, lakSaNa Adi kI carcA bhI upalabdha hai / " tattvArthasUtra meM dharmadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM ko mAtra eka hI sUtra meM nirdeza karake dharmadhyAna ke nirUpaNa ko hI samApta kara diyA, 74 jabaki dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka - 28 se 68 meM bhAvanA, deza, kAla, Asana - vizeSa, Alambana, krama, dhyAtavya, dhyAtA, anuprekSA, lezyA aura phala - ina dharmadhyAna ke bAraha dvAroM kI vistArapUrvaka carcA kI gaI hai| " tattvArthasUtrokta usake cAra bhedoM kI sUcanA yahA~ dhyAtavyadvAra meM karake unake alaga-alaga svarUpa 75 68 taha sUla - sIsarogAiveyaNAi.. .......niyANa ciMtaNamaNNANANugayamaccataM / dhyAnazataka, gAthA7 - 9 69 vedanAyAzca / viparItaM manojJAnAma / / 7deg tadaviratadezaviratapramattasaMyatAnAm / / - tattvArthasUtra 9 / 35; tadaviraya-desavirayA - pamAyaM / - dhyAnazataka - 18 " eyaM cauvvihaM rAga-dosa vaTThai aTThami jhANaMmi / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 10-17 72 hiMsA'nRtasteyaviSayasaMrakSaNebhyo raudramaviratadezaviratayoH / - tattvArthasUtra, 9/36 73 sattavaha-veha - baMdhaNa - DahaNa'kaNa ... roddajjhANovagayacitto / - - 322 tattvArthasUtra, 9/32-33 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 19-27 74 AjJA'pAya vipAkasaMsthAna vicayAya dharmamapramattasaMyatasya / - tattvArthasUtra, 9/37 7s jhANassa bhAvaNAo .. dhammajhANI muNeyavvo / dhyAnazataka, gAthA 28-68 1 For Personal & Private Use Only

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323 ko bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai|'' tattvArthasUtra meM dharmadhyAna ke sirpha cAra bhedoM kA hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai, usake svAmI ke sandarbha meM kucha bhI nirdeza nahIM hai, jabaki usa para likhI gaI TIkA 'sarvArthasiddhi' ke antargata dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ke saMbaMdha meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki ve aviratasamyagdRSTi, dezavirata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasaMyata ke adhikArI hote haiN| tattvArthasUtra ke bhASyabhUta, tattvArthavArttika meM alaga se svAmI ke viSaya meM varNana to nahIM kiyA, parantu zaMkA-samAdhAna meM sarvArthasiddhi ke samAna dharmadhyAna ke svAmI aviratasamyagdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata, pramattasaMyata aura apramattasaMyata batAe gae haiN| tattvArthasUtra para race gae tattvArthAdhigamasammata sUtrapATha meM likhA hai ki dharmadhyAna ke cAra prakAra apramattasaMyata meM to haiM hI, sAtha hI upazAMtakaSAya tathA kSINakaSAya meM bhI hote haiN| dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka-63 ke anusAra, sabhI pramAdoM se rahita zramaNa hI dharmadhyAna kA svAmI hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne dhyAnazataka kI TIkA meM upazAntamoha arthAt upazAmaka -nirgrantha aura kSINamoha arthAt kSapaka-nirgrantha kA artha prakaTa kiyA hai|" tattvArthasUtra meM zukladhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA hai ki zukladhyAna ke cAra bhedoM meM se prathama do bheda sadbhAva-zrutakevalI ke aura carama ke do bheda sadbhAva ke kahe gae haiN| ___ Age, yoga ke AdhAra para unake svAmitva ko dikhAte hue kahA gayA hai ki prathama zukladhyAna tInoM yogoM vAle sAdhaka ko, dUsarA zukladhyAna tInoM yogoM meM se 76 AjJAvicaya 45-49, apAyavicaya 50, vipAkavicaMya 51, saMsthAnavicaya 52-62 | - vahI, gAthA 45-62 7 tadavirata-dezavirata-pramattApramattasaMyatAnAM bhvti||- sarvArthasiddhi, 9/36 78 tattvArthavArtika, 9/36, 14-16 79 AjJApAya-vipAka-saMsthAna vicayAya dhrmmprmttsNytsy| upshaant-kssaayyoshc| - tattvArthasUtra, a.9, sU. 37-38 40 savvappamAyarahiyA muNao khiinnovsNtmohaay| jhAyAro nANa-dhaNA dhammajjhANassa niddiTThA - 'niddivA' pada se yaha prakaTa hai ki granthakAra ke samakSa ukta prakAra ke dharmadhyAna ke svAmiyoM kA prarUpaka tattvArthasUtra jaisA koI grantha rahA hai| - dhyAnazataka gAthA 63 81...munayaH sAdhavaH kSINopazAntamohAzca' iti kSINamohaH :-kSapaka nirgranthA upazAnta mohA upazAmakanirgranthAH - dhyAnazataka kI haribhadrIya-TIkA For Personal & Private Use Only

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324 kisI eka hI yogavAle sAdhaka ko, tIsarA zukladhyAnakAyayogI sAdhaka ko aura cauthA zukladhyAna yoga se rahita hue ayogI ko hotA hai| taduparAnta, yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki zrutakevalI ke jo pahale ke do zukladhyAna hote haiM, unameM prathama vitarka va vicArasahita hotA hai aura dvitIya vitarkasahita kintu vicArarahita hotA hai| Age prasaMgAnusAra prApta vitarka kA aura vicAra kA lakSaNa bhI spaSTa prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| prasaMgAnusAra, zukladhyAna se sambandhita uparyukta sampUrNa viSaya-vastu dhyAnazataka ke antargata upalabdha hai| isase sambandhita tattvArthasUtra ke sUtra aura dhyAnazataka kI gAthAe~ isa prakAra haiM - ' tattvArthasUtra/a.9/sU. 37-38, 40, 41-42 dhyAnazataka/gA. 64, 83, 77-80 dhyAnazataka aura mUlAcAra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana - 'mUlAcAra', jisake racayitA AcArya vaTTakera haiM, sambhavataH usakA racanAkAla prathama athavA dvitIya zatAbdI hai| yaha municaryA para AdhArita eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isameM mUlaguNAdhikAra, bRhatpratyAkhyAna-saMstarastvAdhikAra, saMkSepapratyAkhyAnAdhikAra, samAcArAdhikAra, paMcAcArAdhikAra, piNDazuddhi-adhikAra, SaDAvazyaka-adhikAra, dvAdazAnuprekSAdhikAra, anagArabhAvanAdhikAra, samayasArAdhikAra, zIlaguNAdhikAra aura paryAptyAdhikAra -ye bAraha adhikAra haiN| "mUlAcAra para aneka TIkAe~ to likhI gaIM, sAtha hI isako AdhAra banAkara jina granthoM kI svataMtra racanA huI unameM anagAradharmAmRta, AcArasAra, cAritrasAra, mUlAcArapradIpa Adi grantha pramukha haiM, jina para mUlAcAra kA spaSTa prabhAva hai| 83 isake paMcAcAra nAmaka pAMcaveM adhikAra meM tapa kA varNana karate hue tapa ke chaha Abhyantara bhedoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| una chaha 82 prastuta saMdarbha-dhyAnazataka, sanmArga prakAzana, A. kIrtiyazasUri, pustaka se udadhRta hai, yAnI dhyAnazataka kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke prasaMga se liyA, pR. 103 83 prastuta vAkyAMza mUlAcAra - pa.bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvata pariSada, pustaka ke sampAdakIya se uddhRta, pR. 9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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bhedoM ke antargata pAMcavA bheda dhyAna hai, jisakI prarUpaNA gAthA kramAMka - 197 se 208 meM kI gaI hai, arthAt saMkSepa meM, dhyAna ke mahattva, bheda, phalAdi kA ullekha kiyA hai| sarvaprathama dhyAna ko cAra bhAgoM Artta, raudra, dharma aura zukla meM vibhakta karate hue Artta aura raudra-dhyAna ko aprazasta tathA dharma aura zukla dhyAna ko prazasta kahA gayA hai| 84 ArttadhyAna ke cAra bheda - amanojJa ke saMyoga, manojJa ke viyoga, parISaha arthAt vedanA aura nidAna ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki jo sakaSAya dhyAna (cintana) hai, vaha ArttadhyAna kahalAtA hai| 85 corI, asatya, dhanAdi kA saMrakSaNa tathA chaha prakAra ke Arambha ke sandarbha meM jo sakaSAya cintana-manana hotA hai, use raudradhyAna kahate haiM / 86 uparyukta donoM dhyAnoM ko mukti meM bAdhaka mAnakara unheM chor3ane kI tathA dharma aura zukla - dhyAna meM mana ke adhyavasAyoM kI ekAgratApUrvaka ramaNa karane kI preraNA dI gaI hai| 87 tatpazcAt, AjJA, apAya, vipAka, saMsthAna-vicaya, jo dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM, unake svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai aura carama saMsthAnavicaya ke prasaMga meM dharmadhyAnI anuprekSAoM kA cintana-manana karatA hai, sAtha hI bAraha anuprekSAoM ke nAmollekha kI carcA kI gaI hai| 88 zukladhyAna ke saMbaMdha meM to kevala itanA hI kahA gayA hai ki upazAnta kaSAya meM pRthaktvavitarkavicAra, kSINakaSAya meM ekatvavitarkavicAra, sayogI-kevalI meM 84 aTTaM ca rUddasahiyaM doNivi jhANANi I 85 3 amaNuNNajogaiTThaviogaparIsahaNidANakaraNesu / - vahI, a. 5, gAthA 198 86 36 teNikkamosasArakkhaNesu tadha keva chavvihAraMbhe ... / - vahI, a. 5, gAthA 199 'avahaTTu aTTarUdde mahAbhAra sAhi / - vahI, a.5, gAthA 200- 201 87 88 ANApAyavivAyavicao saMThANavicayaM caM 325 mUlAcAra, a. 5, gAthA 197 ....... ciMtitajjo / - mUlAcAra, a.5, gAthA 201-206 For Personal & Private Use Only

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326 sUkSmakriyA rUpa aura ayogI-kevalI meM samucchinnakriyA rUpa hotA hai, jo zukladhyAna ke hI cAra bheda haiN| mUlAcAra meM dhyAna kA svataMtra adhikAra na hone se dhyAna kA varNana saMkSepa meM kiyA gayA hai, jabaki dhyAnazataka eka svatantra graMtha hai, isalie usameM vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| ina donoM granthoM kI kucha samAnatAoM-asamAnatAoM kI tulanA isa prakAra hai - * jisa prakAra mUlAcAra meM cAra dhyAnoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha karate hue Artta aura raudra-dhyAna ko aprazasta tathA dharma aura zukladhyAna ko prazasta mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra dhyAnazataka meM bhI cAroM ke nAmollekha sahita Artta va raudra kA saMsAravarddhaka tathA dharma-zukladhyAna ko saMsAra-tAraka mAnA gayA hai, arthAt do aprazasta tathA do prazasta dhyAna haiN| yaha prazastatA aura aprazastatA hI donoM granthoM kI samAnatA hai|90 * mUlAcAra meM ArtadhyAna ke svataMtra cAra bhedoM kA ullekha nahIM hai, parantu sAmAnya taura para unake svarUpa mAtra kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| vaha svarUpa- nirUpaNa hI dhyAnazataka ke ArttadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM se samAnatA ko darzAtA hai| * mUlAcAra meM raudradhyAna ke bhI svarUpa kA sAmAnya rUpa se varNana kiyA gayA hai, svataMtra nAmollekha nahIM hai, phira bhI viSayakrama ke nirdeza se yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki cAra bhedoM kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai| dhyAnazataka meM bhI alaga se raudradhyAna ke bhedoM kA nAmollekha to nahIM hai, para gAthA kramAMka-19-23 meM 89 uvasaMto du puhuttaM jhAyadi ........jhANaM smucchinnnnN| - vahI, a.5, gAthA 207-208 90 ka) mUlAcAra - 5/197 kha) dhyAnazataka, gAthA-5 91 ka) mUlAcAra - 5/198 kha) dhyAnazataka, gAthA 6 se 9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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_327 unake lakSaNoM kA bhinna-bhinna rUpoM se nirdeza hai, ye unake bhedoM kA saMketa karatA hai| * mUlAcAra tathA dhyAnazataka meM dharmadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura saMsthAnavicaya -ina nAmoM kA ullekha samAna rUpa se spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai| isameM viSamatA mAtra yaha hai ki mUlAcAra meM bAraha bhAvanAoM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza hai, jabaki dhyAnazataka meM dharmadhyAna ke bAraha dvAroM meM anuprekSA eka pRthak dvAra hai, jahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai ki dhyAna se patita hone para muni anityAdi bhAvanAoM ke cintana meM uddhata hotA hai, vahA~ una anityAdi bhAvanAoM kA nAmollekha evaM saMkhyA kA kahIM koI varNana nahIM milatA hai| * mUlAcAra meM zukladhyAna ke prasaMga meM mAtra yaha batAyA gayA hai ki upazAntakaSAya meM pRthaktvavitarkavicAra, kSINakaSAya meM ekatvavitarkavicAra, sayogI-kevalI meM sUkSmakriyA tathA ayogI-kevalI meM samucchinnakriyA-dhyAna ko dhyAyA jAtA hai, jo cAra bhedoM ko prakaTa karatA hai, jabaki dhyAnazataka meM zukladhyAna ke dhyAtavya dvAra ke antargata svataMtra rUpa se zukladhyAna ke cAroM bhedoM kA ullekha upalabdha hai| 2 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 19-23 99 mUlAcAra, 5/201-205 94 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 65 95 TIkAkAra haribhadrasUri ne usake spaSTIkaraNa meM anitya, azaraNa, ekatva aura saMsAra -ina cAra bhAvanAoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| isakA AdhAra sthAnAMga kA dhyAna prakaraNa rahA hai-sUtra 68 pR.224, isI prasaMga meM Age haribhadrasUri ne prazamaratiprakaraNa se bAraha bhAvanAoM ke prarUpaka padyoM ko bhI uddhRta kiyA hai| * uvasaMto du puhuttaM jhAyadi jhANaM ..........samucchiNNaM / 97 dhyAnazataka, gAthA 77-82 For Personal & Private Use Only

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328 * mUlAcAra meM mAtra zukladhyAna ke svAmI kA nirdeza hai, jabaki dhyAnazataka meM zukladhyAna ke sAtha-sAtha Arta, raudra tathA dharmasthAna ke svAmI kA bhI ullekha hai|98 gaharAI se cintana karane para tAtparya yaha nikalatA hai ki donoM granthoM meM dhyAna ke varNana meM jahA~ kucha samAnatAe~ prApta hotI haiM, vahIM kucha maulikatAe~ bhI milatI haiN| isako dekhate hue bhI eka grantha kA dUsare grantha kI racanA meM kucha prabhAva rahA hai -aisA pratIta nahIM hotA hai| dhyAnazataka aura bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana - bhagavatI-ArAdhanA ke racayitA AcArya zivArya haiN| sambhavataH yaha dUsarI athavA tIsarI zatAbdI meM racI gaI racanA hai| ArAdhaka ko kendrabindu meM rakhakara isameM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakacAritra aura tapa -ina cAra ArAdhanAoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| isake antargata samAdhimaraNa ko bhI mukhyatA dI gaI hai| kSapaka ke AdhAra se maraNa ke satraha prakAroM meM paNDita-paNDita-maraNa, paNDita-maraNa, bAla-paNDita-maraNa, bAla-maraNa aura bAla-bAla-maraNa ina pA~ca maraNa prakAroM ke sandarbha meM prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| prasaMgAnusAra, bhaktapratyAkhyAna meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki jo saMsAra ke janma-maraNa ke duHkhoM se pIr3ita hai, vaha saMklezahartA dharmadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM tathA zukladhyAna ke cAra bhedoM kA cintana-manana karatA hai aura isa prakAra ke cintana-manana ke daurAna kabhI Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhi ke prasaMga A bhI gae taba bhI Arta aura raudra dhyAna kA vicAra nahIM karatA hai|99 % vahI, gAthA 18, 23, 63 va 64 9 sallehaNA visuddhAkeI .....nnaasei|| - bhagavatIArAdhanA, vijayodaya TIkA gAthA 1669-70 For Personal & Private Use Only

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329 isI prasaMga meM, mAtra do gAthAoM meM Arta evaM raudra dhyAna ke cAra-cAra prakAroM para saMkSepa meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai| sAtha hI isameM yaha bhI likhA hai ki Artta evaM raudra-dhyAna adhamagati rUpa haiM tathA dharma aura zukla-dhyAna uttamagati-rUpa haiM, isalie bhavyajanoM ko dharma evaM zukladhyAna meM ramaNa karanA caahie| tadanantara, gAthA kramAMka 1705-14 meM dharmadhyAna ke lakSaNa, prakAra, AlaMbana Adi kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| mUlAcAra ke samAna hI isameM bhI dharmasthAna ke cauthe prakAra saMsthAnavicaya meM bAraha anuprekSAoM kA nAma sahita vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| Age kI gAthAoM meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki bAraha anuprekSAeM dharmadhyAna ke lie AlambanarUpa haiM, jo inakA Alambana lekara dhyAna karatA hai, usakI dhyAna meM ekAgratA akhaNDa rahatI hai| isa sandarbha meM to yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki kSapaka mana se dhyAtA jisa ora dekhatA hai, vahI usakA dharmadhyAna kA AlaMbana ho jAtA hai| sAdhaka dharmadhyAna se bhI Age atizaya vizuddha lezyAvAlA hokara zukladhyAna ko dhyAtA hai aura isa zukladhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana gAthA kramAMka 1873-1884 meM kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka jaise-jaise dhyAna meM ekAgra hotA hai, vaise-vaise karma-nirjarA karatA hai| anta meM, dhyAna ke mahattva ko batAte hue isa prakaraNa ko samApta kiyA gayA hai| 102 bhagavatI-ArAdhanA meM dharmasthAna ke lakSaNa Arjava, laghutA, mArdava aura upadeza haiM jo svAbhAvika rUpa se dharmadhyAnI meM pAe jAte haiN| usakI Agama-viSayaka upadeza meM svabhAvataH ruci huA karatI hai|103. dhyAnazataka meM bhI dharmadhyAna ke lakSaNoM kA ullekha gAthA kramAMka 67 meM milatA hai|104 sAmAnya taura se donoM granthoM kI gAthAoM meM zabda aura artha kI apekSA se kucha samAnatA jarUra dikhatI hai, phira bhI dhyAnazataka meM bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kI 100 paccAharitta visayehi .........rUcIo de|| bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, vijayodayA TIkA, gAthA1702-4 10 ardhavamasaraNaMmegatamaNNasaMsAraloyamasuittaM ......AlaMbaNe hiM munnii| - vahI, 1710-1867 102 AlaMbana ca vAyaNa ..... suNamo jinnvraannN| - bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, 1869-2164 103 dhammassa lakkhaNaM se ajjv-lhugtt-mddvovsmaa| uvadesaNA ya sutte NisaggajAo rUyIo de|| - vahI, gAthA 1709 104 Agama-uvaesA''NA-Nisaggao ... / - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 67 For Personal & Private Use Only

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330 apekSA sthAnAMgasUtra se samAnatA adhika parilakSita hotI hai 105 aura dharmadhyAna ke AlambanoM kA varNana bhI bhagavatI-ArAdhanA 106 se na karake sthAnAMgasUtra se kiyA gayA hai|107 mUlAcAra tathA bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kI viSaya-vastu meM samAnatA hai, mAtra itanA hI nahIM samajhanA, isase Age yaha bhI jAnanA hai ki kucha gAthAe~ bhI donoM granthoM meM samAna rUpa se upalabdha haiM, jaise - mUlAcAra kI 5, 198-200 gAthAe~ - bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kI 1702-04 gAthAe~ samAna haiN| mUlAcAra kI 202-206 gAthAe~ bhagavatI - ArAdhanA kI 1711-15 gAthAe~ samAna haiN| dhyAnazataka aura dhavalATIkA kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana - AcArya vIrasena svAmI dvArA 9vIM zatAbdI meM racita 'dhavalATIkA' bhI bahuta hI vistRta evaM mahattvapUrNa grantha hai, mUla meM yaha TIkA AcArya bhUtabali-puSpadaMta (prAyaH IsA kI prathama zatAbdI) dvArA viracita 'SaTkhaNDAgama' para AdhArita hai| SaTkhaNDAgama ke vargaNA nAmaka pAMcaveM khaNDa meM eka karma-anuyogadvAra hai, usameM dasa karmabhedoM ke antargata AThaveM tapaH-karma kA nirdeza karate hue tapa ke bAraha prakAra kahe gae haiM,100 jinako do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai - 1. chaha Abhyantara tapa aura 2. chaha baahy-tp| Abhyantara-tapa ke pAMcaveM bheda bhUta-dhyAna kA nirUpaNa karate hue AcArya vIrasena ne prastuta TIkA meM 1. dhyAtA, 2. dhyeya, 3. dhyAna aura 4. dhyAnaphala ke rUpa meM cAra adhikAroM kA varNana kiyA hai| usI ke anurUpa, vahA~ pahale dhyAtA kA vicAra 105 dhammassaNaM jhANassa cattAri lakkhaNAM paM taM ANArUI, NisaggarUI, suttarUI, ogaaddh'ruutii| - sthAnAMgasUtra, sthA.catu.. udde.prathama, sUtra 66, pR.224 106 AlaMbaNaM ca vAyaNa pucchaNa priyttttnnaannupehaao| dhammassa teNa avirUddhAo svvaannupehaao| - bhagavatI ArAdhanA 1710 va 1875 107 dhammassaNaM jhANassa cattAri AlaMbaNA paM taM vAyaNA paDipucchaNApariyaTTaNA annuppehaa| - - sthAnAMgasUtra, sthA.cuta., udde.pra., sU.67, pR.224 saM. muni madhukara 108 SaTakhaNDAgama-5, 4, 25-26, pu.-13, pR. 54 For Personal & Private Use Only

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331 karate hue usameM kaisI-kaisI evaM kyA-kyA vizeSatAe~ honA cAhie, isake lie aneka mahattvapUrNa vizeSaNoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa saMdarbha meM unhoMne 'ettha gAhA yA gAhAo' kahakara dhyAnazataka kI nimnAMkita gAthAoM ko liyA hai - 2, 30-34, 35-36, 37, 38, 39-40 41-43109 sAtha hI sAtha kucha gAthAe~ bhagavatIArAdhanA se bhI lI gaI haiN| tatpazcAt, kramazaH dhyeya ke ullekha meM dhyeya-dhyAna ke yogya aneka vizeSaNoM se alaMkRta arahanta evaM siddha dvArA prarUpita nau padArthoM ke saMbaMdha meM carcA kI gaI hai|10 Age, dhyAna kI prarUpaNA meM dharma aura zukla -ina do bhedoM kA hI varNana hai, kyoMki tapaHkarma-prakaraNa ke kAraNa zAyada Arta aura raudra ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai|11 'dhavalATIkA' meM dharmadhyAna ko dhyeyarUpa mAnate hue cAra prakAra bhI kahe gae haiM - AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura sNsthaanvicy| granthoM meM AjJA, Agama, siddhAnta, jinavacana, jinavANI -ina sabhI zabdoM kA artha eka hai aura isa prakAra AjJAnusAra pratyakSa va anumAnAdi pramANoM ke viSayabhUta padArthoM kA jo cintana-manana kiyA jAtA hai, usako AjJAvicaya kahate haiM, isa prasaMga meM yahA~ 'ettha gAhAo' kahakara dhyAnazataka kI 45-49 gAthAeM uddhRta kI gaI haiN|112 Age kI eka gAthA 38 hai jo mUlAcAra 5-202 meM bhI milatI hai| mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura yoga dvArA janma, jarA aura mRtyu kI vedanA kA anubhava karate-karate tadjanya apAya kA cintana-manana apAyavicaya-dharmadhyAna kahA gayA hai| isa sandarbha meM yahA~ dhyAnazataka kI pacAsavIM gAthA lI gaI hai|113 sAtha hI pATha-bheda ko lie hue 'mUlAcAra' kI bhI eka gAthA sammilita hai, jisakA 109 dhavalA meM inakI kramika saMkhyA isa prakAra hai -12, 14-15, 16-17-18,-19, 20-21 aura 23-27 -pu. 13, pR. 1. 64-68 110 dhavalA, pu. 13, pR. 67-70 II hemacandrasUri viracita 'yogazAstra meM bhI ina do durvyAnoM ko dhyAna meM sammilita nahIM kiyA gayA hai| - yogazAstra 4/115 112 dhavalA meM inakI kramika saMkhyA 33-37 hai -pR. 71 13 dhavalA, meM inakI kramika saMkhyA 39 hai -pR. 72' For Personal & Private Use Only

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332 abhiprAya hai ki jIvoM ke zubhAzubha karma ke vinAza kA cintana-manana karanA hai|114 prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza - ina cAra bhedoM se zubha-azubha karmoM ke vipAka ko smRtipaTala para lA-lAkara yAda karanA vipAkavicaya hai aura isa prasaMga ke lie dhyAnazataka kI ikyAvanavIM gAthA isameM lI gaI hai,115 sAtha hI mUlAcAra kI eka gAthA bhI udadhRta hai|116 tInoM lokoM ke AkAra, prakAra, pramANa tathA vartamAnakAlIna jIvoM ke AyuSya kA vicAra saMsthAnavicaya hai aura isa sandarbha kI puSTi ke lie dhyAnazataka kI gAthA kramAMka 52 se 56 taka kI gAthAeM uddhRta kI gaI haiN| 117 isake atirikta bhI, isI prasaMga ko sarasa banAne ke lie dhyAnazataka kI kaI gAthAe~ uddhRta kI gaI haiN|18 anta meM, isa 'dhavalATIkA' meM zukladhyAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 19 vaha varNana prAyaH tattvArthasUtra aura dhyAnazataka ke samAna hI hai aura zukladhyAna ke prasaMga meM dhyAnazataka kI lagabhaga 10-11 gAthAe~ lI gaI haiN| gAthA kramAMka isa prakAra haiM - 69, 71-72, 75, 90-92, 100, 101, 103, 104 (pU.)120 isI sandarbha ke antargata bhagavatI-ArAdhanA kI bhI lagabhaga nau gAthAe~ uddhRta kI gaI haiM, gAthA kramAMka isa prakAra hai - 18, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88121 donoM meM kucha pATha-bheda - "isa prakAra dhavalA (pu.13) meM jo dhyAnazataka kI lagabhaga 46-47 gAthAeM uddhRta kI gaI haiM, unameM aise kucha pATha-bheda bhI haiM, jinake kAraNa vahA~ kucha 114 mUlAcAra 5-203 (yaha gAthA bhagavatI ArAdhanA 1711 meM upalabdha hai); dhavalA meM usakI kramika saMkhyA 40, pRSTha 72 115 dhavalA meM usakI kramika saMkhyA 41 hai, pRSTha 72. 116 mUlAcAra kI 5-204 -yaha gAthA bhagavatI-ArAdhanA 1713 meM bhI pAI jAtI hai| 17 dhavalA meM inakI kramika saMkhyA 43-47 hai -pR. 73 118 dhavalA meM usakI kramika saMkhyA 48 (pR. 73) aura 49,50, 51-52, 53-55, 56, 57 (pR. 76-77) hai| / dhavalA, pu. 13, pR. 77-78 120 dhavalA meM unakI kramika saMkhyA isa prakAra hai - 64, 65, 66, 67-69, 70, 71, 74, 75-76 121 dhavalA meM unakI kramika saMkhyA isa prakAra hai - 58-63, 72-74 For Personal & Private Use Only

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gAthAoM kA anuvAda bhI asaMgata ho gayA hai| 122 yahA~ hama hoi - hojna, bhUdova-bhUova, TThiyo-Thio, lAhaM-lAbha - aise kucha pAThabhedoM ko chor3akara unameM anya mahattvapUrNa matabheda haiM, unakA tulanAtmaka vivecana kreNge| dhyAnazataka aura AdipurANa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana vIrasena svAmI ke ziSya jinasenAcArya ne nauvIM zatI meM mahApurANa kI racanA kI thii| yaha eka paurANika grantha hai / yaha mahApurANa do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai 1. AdipurANa aura 2. uttarapurANa | 'jainendra- siddhAntakoza ke anusAra AdipurANa meM bhagavAn RSabhadeva tathA bharata evaM bAhubalI kA caritra citrita kiyA gayA hai| isameM saitAlIsa parva tathA pandraha hajAra zloka haiN| uttarapurANa meM zeSa teIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA ullekha hai| isameM untIsa parva aura ATha hajAra eka sau zloka haiN| ye donoM milakara mahApurANa bhI kahalAte haiM / 123 saiMtAlIsa parva vAle AdipurANa ke prathama bayAlIsa parva tathA taitAlIsaveM parva ke mAtra tIna zloka jinasenAcArya dvArA racita haiM, zeSa parvoM ke 1620 zloka - parimANa bhAga kI racanA unake ziSya guNabhadrAcArya ne kI thI / 124 333 AdipurANa ke ikkIsaveM parva ke antargata zreNika dvArA pUche jAne para gautamasvAmI ke dvArA dhyAna kA vistAra ke sAtha varNana kiyA gayA hai, jo 'dhyAnazataka' kI viSaya-vastu se kAphI prabhAvita pratIta hotA hai| ina donoM granthoM 122 jaise pR. 67 gAthA 21 evaM 22; pR 68, gAthA 24 evaM 27 pR. 71 gAthA 35-37 pR. 73, gAthA 48 kA pAThabheda sambhavataH pratilekhaka kI asAvadhAnI se huA hai dhyAnazataka kI gAthA 58 aura 57 ke kramazaH uttarAdha ke mela se yaha gAthA banI hai| isa avasthA meM vaha prakaraNa se sarvathA asambaddha ho gaI hai| dhyAnazataka ke antargata gAthA 56-57 meM saMsAra - samudra kA svarUpa dikhalAyA gayA hai| tathA Age vahA~ gAthA 58-59 meM ukta saMsAra - samudra se pAra karA dene vAlI naukA kA svarUpa pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ gAthA 58 ke uttarArdha meM upayukta NANamayakaNNadhAraM (jJAnarUpa karNadhAra se saMcAlita); yaha vizeSaNa vahA~ cAritrarUpa mahatI naukA kA rahA hai, vaha dhavalA meM hue isa pAThabheda ke kAraNa saMsAra - samudra kA vizeSaNa bana gayA hai| yaha vahA~ socanIya asaMgati ho gaI hai| 123 ' prastuta saMdarbha 'jainendra siddhAntakoza bhAga-33, pR. 290 'AdipurANa, saM. DaoN. pannAlAla jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nyUdillI, bhAga-1, pustaka kI prastAvanA se uddhRta, pR. 39 124 For Personal & Private Use Only

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334 kI vivecana-zailI eka samAna hai| itanA hI nahIM, 'AdipurANa' meM aise kitane hI zloka bhI upalabdha hote haiM, jo dhyAnazataka kI prAkRta-gAthAoM ke saMskRta chAyAnuvAda jaise dikhAI dete haiM, 125 isakA vivecana isa prakAra hai, yathA - dhyAnazataka meM maMgala ke pazcAt kahA gayA hai ki sthira adhyavasAya dhyAna hai tathA anavasthita citta ko ekAgra banAne meM bhAvanA, anuprekSA tathA cintA - ye tInoM sahAyakabhUta haiN| chadmasthoM kA dhyAna antarmuhUrta kAla kA hotA hai tathA kevalI kA dhyAna yoganirodharUpa hotA hai| antarmuhUrta-paryanta dhyAna ke samApta ho jAne ke bAda dhyAnAntara meM anuprekSA yA bhAvanArUpa cintana hotA hai| bahuta sI vastuoM meM saMkramaNa ke bAvajUda bhI dhyAna bhaMga nahIM hotA hai| 126 AdipurANa meM bhI yaha spaSTa likhA hai ki eka vastu meM jo ekAgrarUpa se cintA kA nirodha hotA hai, vaha dhyAna hai| prathama saMhanana vAlA vyakti isakA adhikArI hai, tathA isa dhyAna kI avadhi antarmuhUrta paryanta hai| anuprekSA, cintA aura bhAvanA - ye tInoM citta kI avasthAe~ haiN| uparyukta lakSaNoM vAlA dhyAna chadmasthoM kA hotA hai aura sarvajJoM kA dhyAna to yoganirodharUpa hotA hai| dhyAnazataka tathA AdipurANa kI adholikhita padyoM meM samAnatA dikhAI detI jaM thiramajjhavasANaM taM jhANaM jaM calaM tayaM cittaM / taM hojja bhAvaNA vA aNupehA vA ahava ciNtaa|| - dhyAnazataka-2 sthiramadhyavasAnaM yat tad dhyAnaM yaccalAcalam / sAnuprekSAthavA cintA bhAvanA cittameva vaa|| - AdipurANa-21/6 125 dhyAnazataka' saM. vijayakIrttiyazasUri, sanmArga prakAzana, ahamadAbAda, pustaka ke dhyAnazataka ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana se, pR. 114 126 ekAgreyaNa nirodho yazcittasyaikatra vstuni| taddhyAna vajrakaM yasya bhavedAntamuhUrtataH sthiramadhyavasAnaM t tad dhyAnaM ycclaaclm| sAnuprekSAthavA cintA bhAvanAA cittmevvaa| chadamastheSu bhavedetallakSaNaM vizvadRzvanAm / yogAsravasya saMrodhe dhyaantvmupcryte|| - AdipurANa, 21/8-10 For Personal & Private Use Only

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335 dhyAna ke bheda - Age, dhyAnazataka meM likhA hai ki Artta, raudra, dharma tathA zukla -ye dhyAna ke cAra prakAra hai| inameM prathama ke do dhyAna saMsAravarddhaka tathA carama do dhyAna nirvANa ke hetu haiN| 127 AdipurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki dhyAna prazasta (zubha) aura aprazasta (azubha) rUpa se do-do prakAra ke haiN| Arta aura raudra-dhyAna aprazasta tathA dharma aura zukla-dhyAna prazasta haiN| isa prakAra dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiN| aprazasta dhyAna bhavabhramaNA-rUpa tathA prazastadhyAna bhava-bhramaNA nivAraNa-rUpa mAnA gayA hai|128 1. ArtadhyAna - dhyAnazataka meM ArttadhyAna ke cAra prakAroM ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha-sAtha unake phala, lezyA, lakSaNa, liMga, svAmiyoM kI carcA bhI kI gaI hai| 129 isI prakAra, AdipurANa meM bhI prastuta dhyAna ke kAla, phala, AlaMbana, lakSaNa, bhAva Adi kI carcA kI gaI hai|130 2. raudradhyAna - dhyAnazataka meM ArtadhyAna ke samAna hI raudradhyAna ke bhI cAra prakAroM kA nirUpaNa karate hue usake adhikArI, phala, lezyA, liMgAdi kI carcA kI gaI hai|131 AdipurANa meM jinasenAcArya sarvaprathama rUdra ke svarUpa ko batAte hue kahate haiM, "prANinAM rodanAd rUdraH tatra bhavaM raudrm"| tatpazcAt, usake hiMsAnanda, mRSAnanda, steyAnanda aura saMrakSaNAnanda -isa prakAra cAra bhedoM ke nAmanirdezana ke sAtha-sAtha 127 dhIbalAyattavRttitvAd dhyAnaM...uttaraM dvitayaM dhyAnamupAdeyaM tu yoginAm -AdipurANa- 21/11-29 128 jaM. thiramajjhavasANaM ........bahuvatthusaMkame jhaannsNtaanno|| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 2,3,4 129 amaNuNNANaM saddAivisayavatthUNa .....vajjeyavvaM jijnnennN| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 6-18 19deg Rte bhavabhayArta syAd dhyAnamA....sAzrutAnyacca taadRshm||| - AdipurANa, 21/31-41 131 sttvh-veh-bNdhnn.....roddjjhaannovgycitto|| -dhyAnazataka, gAthA 19-27 For Personal & Private Use Only

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usake lezyA, kAla, liMga, phala Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| hiMsAnanda ke prasaMga meM tandulamatsya aura araviMda vidyAdhara kA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| 132 AdipurANa meM kucha vizeSa kathana 133 134 AdipurANa meM kahA gayA hai kiM munijanoM ko Artta tathA raudradhyAna kA tyAga karanA cAhie, kyoMki donoM dhyAnoM ke lie puruSArtha kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI; kAraNa yaha hai ki anAdikAla kI vAsanA se ye svataH utpanna ho jAte haiN| utkRSTa dhyAnasiddhi hetu kucha parikarma deza, kAla va Asana Adi vizeSa prakAra ke sAdhana abhISTa batAe gae haiN| 135 parikarma kA varNana dhyAnazataka ke dharmadhyAna ke antargata dvAroM kI carcA meM upalabdha hai| udAharaNa ke lie, donoM granthoM ke nimnalikhita padyoM kA milAna kiyA jA sakatA hai 135 -- niccaM ciya juvai-pasU - napuMsaga - kusIlavajjiyaM jaiNo / ThANaM viyaNaM bhaNiyaM visesao jhANakAlaMmi / / - strI-pazu-klaba - saMsaktarahitaM vijanaM muneH / sarvadaivocitaM sthAnaM dhyAnakAle vizeSataH / / dhyAnazataka -35 - 00--00--00--00--00 jacciya dehAvatthA jiyA Na jhANovarohiNI hoi / jhAijjA tadavattho Thio nisaNNo nivaNNo vA / / dhyAnazataka -39 dehAvasthA punaryaiva na syAd dhyAnoparodhinI / tadavastho munirdhyAyet sthitvA''sitvA'dhizayyavA / / - AdipurANa 21 / 75 00--00--00--00--00 savvAsu vaTTamANA muNao jaM desa-kAla- ceTThAsu / varakevalAilAbhaM pattA bahuso samiya pAvA / / yaddesa - kAla - ceSTAsu sarvAsveva samAhitAH / siddhAH siddhayanti setsyanti nAtra tanniyamo 'styata / / - AdipurANa, 21 /82 For Personal & Private Use Only 336 AdipurANa - 21 /77 132 prANinAM rodanAd rUdraH krUra ..netrayozcAtitAmratAm / / AdipurANa, 21/42-53 133 prayatnena vinaivaitadasaddhyA..... phalamantra dvayAtkam / / vahI, 21/54-56 134 dhyAna ke parikarma kA vicAra - tattvArtha vArtika, 9/44; tathA bhagavatI - ArAdhanA 1706-07 - zUnyAlaye zmazAne vA.. ..vAcyametaccatuSTayam / / AdipurANa, 21 /57-84 -- dhyAnazataka, 40

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337 AdipurANagata ukta tInoM zlokoM meM dhyAnazataka kI gAthAoM kA bhAva to pUrNatayA nihita hai, sAtha hI unake prAkRta zabdoM ke saMskRta rUpAntara bhI jyoM ke tyoM lie gae haiN| AdipurANa meM Age dhyAtA, dhyeya, dhyAna, phala kI carcA 137 ke sAtha-sAtha prazasta-dhyAna saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA nivAraNa hetu Adi kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai| 138 jJAna, darzana, cAritra tathA vairAgya -ina cAroM bhAvanAoM kA alaga-alaga rUpa se nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| 139 inhIM cAra bhAvanAoM kA ullekha dhyAnazataka meM dharmadhyAna ke bhAvanAdvAra ke antargata kiyA gayA hai, isa sandarbha meM adholikhita gAthA tathA zloka meM samAnatA najara AtI hai - puvakayabmAso bhAvaNAhi jhANassa joggymuvei| tAo ya nnaann-dNsnn-critt-verggjnniyaao|| - dhyAnazataka, 30 bhAvanAbhirasaMmUDho muniyaa'nsthiriibhvet| jJAna-darzana-cAritra-vairAgyopagatAzca taaH|| - AdipurANa, 21/95 isa sandarbha meM AdipurANa ke kartA jinasenAcArya ne vAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA aura saddharmadezanA ko jJAnabhAvanA kA rUpa mAnA hai,140 jabaki dhyAnazataka ke kartA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne inheM dharmadhyAna ke AlaMbanarUpa mAnA hai|141 3. dharmadhyAna - dhyAnazatakakAra ne dharmadhyAna ke prasaMga meM dhyAnArUr3ha muni ko una saba bAtoM se avagata karavAnA Avazyaka samajhA, jo dhyAna-sAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka thiiN| 136 prastuta saMdarbha-dhyAnazataka, pra.sanmArga ahamadAbAda, pustaka ke dhyAnazataka kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana se uddhRta pR. 116 17 vajrasaMhanana kAyamudvahan .......dharmadhyAnasya sushrut|| - AdipurANa, 21/85-103 138 prazastapraNidhAnaM yat sthiramekatra vstuni| taddhyAna muktaM bhuktyaMgA dharmya zuklamiti dvidhaa|| -vahI, 21/132 1139 samutsRjya cirAbhyastAn bhAvAn .......vairAgyasthairyabhAvanAH / / - AdipurANa, 21/94-99 140 vAcanApRcchane sAnuprekSaNa privrtnm| saddharmadezanaM ceti jJAtavyA jJAnabhAvanAH / / -vahI, 21/96 1" AlaMbaNAI vaaynn-pucchnn-priyttttnnaa'nnuciNtaao| sAmAiyAyAiM saddhammAvassayAi c|| -dhyAnazataka, gAthA 42 For Personal & Private Use Only

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338 . dhyAnazataka meM bhAvanA, deza, kAla, Asana-vizeSa, Alambana, krama, dhyeya, dhyAtA, anuprekSA, lezyA, liMga aura phala ke rUpa meM inakI carcA bAraha dvAroM meM kI gaI hai| 142 AdipurANa meM bhI dhyAna sAmAnya se sambaddha parikarma ke sandarbha meM deza 143, kAla 144. AsanavizeSa 145. tathA AlaMbana 146 kI carcA huI hai, jo dhyAnazataka ke samarUpa hai| dhyAnazataka ke dhyAtavya-dvAra meM AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAnavicaya kI carcA kI gaI hai|147 AdipurANa meM bhI ina cAroM prakAroM kI carcA hai,148 sAtha hI dhyAtA yA dhyAna ke adhikArI Adi ke sandarbha meM bhI inakA ullekha upalabdha hai| 4. zukladhyAna - AdipurANa ke anusAra, zukla aura paramazukla - isa prakAra zukladhyAna ke do bheda mAne haiN| unameM chadmasthoM tathA kevaliyoM kA dhyAna kramazaH zukla tathA paramazukla mAnA gayA hai| 149 yahI bAta dhyAnazataka meM bhI milatI hai, antara mAtra itanA hai ki vahA~ paramazukla ko samucchinnakriyA apratipAtI nAmaka cauthe zukladhyAna ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai|150 142 jhANassa bhAvaNAo desaM kAla thaa''snnvisesN| AlaMbaNaM kamaM jhAiyavvayaM je ya jhaayaaro|| tatto'NuppehAo lessA liMga phalaM ca naauunnN| dhammaM jhAijja muNI taggayajogo tao sukkaM / / -dhyAnazataka 28,29 143 zUnyAlaye zmazAne vA jaradudyAnake'pi vaa| saritpulinagiryagragahvare drumkottre|| zucAvanyatame deze .......... || dezAdiniyamo'pye...... soDhAzeSaparISahaH / / - AdipurANa, 21/57-58, va 76-80 144 na cAhorAtrasaMdhyAdilakSaNa kAlaparyaya...... kAlaH sa ca dezaH syAd dhyAnAvasthA ca saamtaa|| AdipurANa, 21/81-83 145 zucAvanyatame deze cittahAriNyapAtake .........sthitvA sitvAdhizayya vaa| - vahI, 21/58-75 146 prajJApAramito yogI dhyAtA syAddhIbalAnvitaH / sUtrArthalambano dhIra: soddhaashesspriissh|| - vahI, 21/87 147 dhyAnazataka, AjJA-45-49, apAya-50, vipAka-51, saMsthAna-52-60 148 AdipurANa, AjJA-21/135-141, apAya-21/141-142, vipAka-21/143-147, saMsthAna-21/148-154 149 tadapramattatAlambaM sthitimAntarmuhUrtikIm / dadhAnamapramatteSu parAM kottimdhisstthitm|| ___ sadRSTiSu yathAmnAyaM zeSeSvapi kRtsthiti| prakRSTazuddhimallezyAtrayopobala vRNhitm|| -AdipurANa, 21/55*55 150 tasseva ya selesIgayassa selobda nnippkNpss| vocchinnakiriyamappaDivAijjhANaM paramasukkaM / / - dhyAnazataka, 82 For Personal & Private Use Only

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339 jahA~ taka dhyAna ke svarUpa kA prazna hai, AdipurANa aura dhyAnazataka -donoM hI grantha dhyAna ke saMbaMdha meM vistRta vivecana prastuta karate haiN| dhyAnazataka ke anuvAdaka evaM bhUmikA ke lekhaka paM. bAlacandra jI siddhAntazAstrI kA spaSTataH yaha maMtavya hai ki AdipurANa kA dhyAna-saMbaMdhI vivecana dhyAnazataka se prabhAvita hai| unakI dRSTi meM yaha mAnanA hai ki AdipurANa kA hI prabhAva dhyAnazataka para AyA hai, lekina yaha mAnanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki dhyAnazataka kI racanA haribhadra ke pUrva ho cukI thI aura haribhadra nizcita hI jinasena ke pUrvavartI haiM, ataH yahI mAnanA hogA ki jinasena ke samakSa dhyAnazataka rahA hogA aura unhoMne usakA upayoga AdipurANa meM dhyAna saMbaMdhI vivaraNa dete samaya kiyA hogaa| dhyAnasAdhanA aura labdhi - AtmA anaMta zaktimAna hai| isa zakti kA prakaTIkaraNa dhyAna evaM sAdhanA se hotA hai| dhyAna 'labdhi' ko pradAna karatA hai| sAmAnyatayA, viziSTa zaktiyoM kI upalabdhi ko labdhi kahA jAtA hai| bhagavatIsUtra kI vRtti 151 meM likhA hai - "jisase AtmA ke jJAna-darzana-cAritra-vIrya Adi guNoM se una-una karmAvaraNoM ke kSaya va kSayopazama se svataH AtmA meM jo zakti prakaTa hotI hai, use labdhi kahate haiN| labdhi, arthAt laabh| 152 'pravacanasAroddhAra' ke anusAra, labdhi kA adhikAra usa sAdhaka ko milatA hai, jisakA antaHkaraNa vizuddha adhyavasAya vAlA ho, jo nirdoSa cAritra-pAlana karane vAlA ho aura utkRSTa tathA zuddha tapasvI ho| 153 isI kAraNa se to zuddha Atma-zakti kA prakaTI karaNa hI labdhi hai| bauddha-darzana meM labdhi ko abhijJA tathA 151 Atmano jJAnAdi guNAnAM tatkarma kSayAdito lAbhaH / - bhagavatIsUtravRtti 8/2, prastuta saMdarbha jainadhama meM tapa -saM. mizrImala ma.sA. pR.68 se uddhRta 152 prastuta vAkya 'jainasAdhanA kA svarUpa aura usameM dhyAna kA mahattva' pustaka se uddhRta, pR.470 153 pariNAma tavavaseNa imAI huMti laddhIo - pravacanasAroddhAra, dvAra 270, gAthA 1495 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vaidika-darzana meM vibhUti kahate haiM / jaina - paramparA meM antarAya - karma ke kSaya yA kSayopazama se prApta zaktiyoM ko labdhi kahA gayA hai| isameM dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya - aisI pAMca labdhiyA~ hotI hai, jo antarAya - karma ke kSayopazama se prApta hotI haiN| 154 . 340 jainadharma meM aura vizeSa rUpa se 'dhyAnazataka' nAmaka isa prastuta grantha meM hameM labdhiyoM kI koI carcA upalabdha nahIM hai, kintu dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke phaloM kI carcA karate hue unase karmamala kI vizuddhi aura karmakSaya kI bAta kahI gaI hai| karmakSaya kI isa prakriyA meM ghAtIkarmoM kA kSaya pramukha hotA hai / antarAyakarma bhI eka ghAtIkarma hai, ataH usake kSaya se dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya-rUpa viziSTa zaktiyoM kI prApti hotI hai| vaise, jaina - paramparA meM prAraMbha meM to karma-kSaya yA kSayopazamajanya labdhiyoM kI carcA milatI hai, kintu kAlAntara meM yoga - paramparA ke 'vibhUtipada' ke samAna hI anya labdhiyoM kI carcA bhI milane lagatI hai| jaina-Agama-sAhityoM meM sarvaprathama 'bhagavatIsUtra' meM labdhiyoM kI carcA milatI hai| usake aSTama zataka ke dvitIya uddezaka meM labdhiyoM kA varNana huaa| vahA~ sarvaprathama dasa labdhiyoM kI carcA milatI hai, unameM se pA~ca labdhiyA~ to vahI haiM, jo antarAya-karma ke kSaya athavA upazama se prApta hotI haiM, zeSa pAMca labdhiyoM meM darzanalabdhi, jJAnalabdhi, cAritralabdhi, cAritrAcaritralabdhi aura indriyalabdhi kI carcA huI hai| vahA~ inake bheda - prabhedoM kI bhI vistAra se vivecanA huI hai jaise jJAnalabdhi ke pahale do vibhAga kie haiM aura phira jJAnalabdhi ke pA~ca aura ajJAnalabdhi ke tIna- aise ATha vibhAga kie gae haiN| isameM pAMcoM jJAnoM kI prApti 155 154 dAnalAbhabhogopabhogavIryANi ca (tattvArthasUtra, 2 / 4 ) antarAyakarma ke kSaya se dAna, lAbha, bhoga upabhoga aura vIrya ye pAMca labdhiyA~ prApta hotI hai / / tattvArthasUtra / / paM. sukhalAlajI saMghavI / pR. 49 155 kativihANaM bhaMte! laddhI paNNattA ? goyamA / dasavihA laddhI paNNattA, taM jahA 1. nANaladdhI, 2. daMsaNaladdhI, 3. carittaladdhI, 4. carittAcarittaladdhI, 5. dANaladdhI, 6. lAbhaladdhI, 7.bhogaladdhI, 8. upabhogaladdhI, 9. vIriyaladdhI, 10. iMdiyaladdhI bhagavatIsUtra, prakA. lADanUM, A. mahAprajJa, 8 zataka, 2 udde, 139 sUtra, 47-48 pRSTha For Personal & Private Use Only --

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ko bhI labdhi rUpa hI mAnA gayA hai| isI prakAra, jJAna ke sAdhanarUpa indriya ko bhI labdhi ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / ' 156 isa taraha hama dekhate haiM ki jJAna, darzana, cAritra tathA dAna - lAbhAdi pAMca labdhiyA~ hI prAraMbha meM jaina darzana meM labdhi ke rUpa meM mAnya rahIM, kintu kAlAntara meM viziSTa prakAra kI zaktiyoM ko bhI labdhi ke rUpa me mAna liyA gayA hai / 157 AgamoM meM 'bhagavatIsUtra' meM evaM 'aupapAtikasUtra meM ina dasa labdhiyoM ke atirikta aneka prakAra kI labdhiyoM kA varNana huA hai / aupapAtikasUtra kA varNana isa prakAra hai bhagavAn mahAvIra ke ziSyoM meM se kaI manobalI, kaI vacanabalI, evaM kaI kAyabalI the| kaI khelauSadhi prApta, kaI koSThabuddhi, kaI saMbhinnazrotA aura kaI kSIrAsrava-labdhiyoM yA RddhiyoM se yukta the / isake pazcAt, tattvArthasUtra ke 'svopajJabhASya' meM bhI ina labdhiyoM kI carcA milatI hai| isameM adhikAMza labdhiyA~ aupapAtika evaM pAtaMjala yogasUtra ke 'vibhUtipada' ke AdhAra para hI varNita hai / 'svopajJabhASya' meM ina labdhiyoM kA varNana nimna prakAra se huA hai umAsvAti RddhiyoM ke svarUpa kI carcA karate hue kahate haiM ki dharmadhyAna tathA samAdhi meM lIna banA sAdhaka zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNoM kA adhikArI banatA hai aura jahA~ taka parinirvANa ko prApta na ho jAtA, vahA~ taka anekAneka labdhiyoM athavA RddhiyoM kA svAmI banA rahatA hai / granthakAra -- 341 ve RddhiyA~ kauna-kaunasI evaM kitanI haiM, unakA svarUpa kyA hai ? ise spaSTa karate hue bhASyakAra kahate haiM - AmarzoSadhitva, vipruDauSadhitva, sarvauSadhitva, zApa aura anugraha kI sAmarthya utpanna karane vAlI vacanasiddhi, Izitva, vazitva, avadhijJAna, zArIravikaraNa, aMgaprAptitA, aNimA, laghimA, aura mahimA Adi RddhiyA~ haiM / 157 appegaiyA maNabaliyA, vayabaliyA, kAyabaliyA / appegaiyA khelosahipatA / appegaiyA kotttthbuddhii| appegaiyA saMbhinnasoyA / appegaiyA khIrA svaa....|| - 156 nANaladdhI NaM bhaMte! kativihA paNNattA! goyamA ! paMcavihA paNNattA, taM jahA - AbhiNibohiya nANaladdhI jAva kevalanANaladdhI || aNNANaladvINaM bhaMte! kativihA paNNattA ? goyamA ! tiMvihA paNNattA, taM jahA maiaNNANaladdhI, suyaaNNANaladdhI, vibhaMganANaladdhI / / - bhagavatIsUtra, 8 zataka, 2 udde, 140-141 sUtra, pR. 48 aupapAtika - 24, saM. munimadhukara, pR. 24 For Personal & Private Use Only

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342 mokSamArga meM udyamazIla sAdhaka ko ye labdhiyA~ yA RddhiyA~ sahaja hI prApta hotI haiN| vaha inake lie koI prayatna nahIM karatA hai| ina labdhiyoM kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai - ___aNimA arthAt aNurUpa, choTA zarIra banA lenaa| isa Rddhi ke prabhAva se apanI deha ko itanA sUkSma yAnI choTA banAyA jA sakatA hai ki vaha saralatA se kamala-tantu ke chidra meM praveza kara sakatA hai| laghimA, arthAt laghurUpa, hlkaapn| isake bala se deha ko havA (vAyu) se bhI adhika halkA-phulkA banAyA jA sakatA hai| mahimA, arthAt mahatva, isakA dUsarA artha hai -bhArIpana yA bdd'aapn| isa labdhi ke saMyoga se zarIra ko meruparvata ke samAna yA usase bhI jyAdA bar3A banAyA jA sakatA hai| prAkAmyaRddhi ke prabhAva se icchAnusAra jamIna yA jala para calA jA sakatA hai| jaMghAcAraNaRddhi ke sAmarthya se candra-sUryAdi ke vimAnoM kI kiraNoM tathA vAyuvega kI capeTa se yukta kisI bhI padArtha kA sahArA lekara gagana meM ur3ane athavA calane kI zakti prApta hotI hai| jisa taraha jamIna para calate haiM, usI taraha AkAza meM bhI calane kI jo zakti hai, usako AkAzagaticAraNaRddhi kahate haiN| ... AkAza-gamana ke samaya parvatoM ke bIca apratibandhatA se gamana karane kA sAmarthya apratighAtIRddhi se milatA hai| antardhAnaRddhi ke prabhAva se adRzya hone kI zakti prApta hotI hai| jisake sAmarthya se nAnAvidha rUpa dhAraNa karane kI zakti milatI hai, use kamarUpitARddhi kahA jAtA hai| jisa Rddhi se dUrastha indriyoM ke viSayoM ko grahaNa kara liyA jAtA hai, usa Rddhi kA nAma dUrazrAvIRddhi hai| eka sAtha alaga-alaga bahuta-se viSayoM ko jAna lene kI Rddhi kA nAma saMbhinnajJAnaRddhi hai| koSThabuddhitva, bIjabuddhitva Adi jJAna kI RddhiyA~ mAnI jAtI haiM aura kSIrAsavitva, madhvAsavitva, vAditva Adi vAcika-RddhiyA~ For Personal & Private Use Only

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343 kahalAtI haiN| ina sabake atirikta, sAdhaka ko vidyAdharatva, AzIviSatva, bhinnAkSara aura abhinnAkSara Adi sabhI RddhiyA~ bhI prApta huA karatI haiN| 158 labdhiyoM kI yaha carcA hameM 'praznavyAkaraNasUtra' ke vartamAna saMskaraNa meM bhI upalabdha hotI haiN| prekSA : eka paricaya nAmaka pustaka meM likhA hai ki "labdhidhArI sAdhu AnApAna labdhi se antamuhUrta meM pUrvo kA pratyAvartana kara lete haiN|159 yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne praznavyAkaraNasUtra ke vartamAna saMskaraNa ko aura usake labdhi-sambandhI vivaraNa ko paravartI hI mAnA hai 160 aura isa para tattvArtha bhASya evaM pAtaMjalayogasUtra kA prabhAva mAnA hai| ___ labdhi padoM kA ullekha digambara-paramparA meM SaTkhaNDAgama meM bhI milatA hai| zvetAmbara-paramparA meM ye labdhi-pada. sUrimaMtra kA AdhAra bane haiN| sUrimaMtra meM aneka labdhidhAriyoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| vartamAna meM vardhamAna-vidyA aura sUrimaMtra Adi meM bhI inhIM labdhi-padoM kA ullekha hai, sAtha hI ina labdhi-padoM ke dhArakoM ko vaMdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha spaSTa hai ki ina labdhiyoM kI prApti ko sAdhanAjanya mAnA gayA hai aura isalie hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI sAdhanA se ina labdhiyoM kI prApti hotI hai| Age bhASyakAra umAsvAti kahate haiM ki uparyukta RddhiyoM ke prApta ho jAne para bhI tRSNArahita hone ke kAraNa jIva una RddhiyoM meM Asakti yA mUrchA se sarvathA 158 AmISadhitvaM viguDauSadhitvaM sarvauSadhitvaM zApAnugrahasAmarthyajananImabhivyAhArasiddhimIzitvaM vazitvamavadhijJAnaM zArIravikaraNAMga prAptitAmaNimAnaM laghimAnaM mahimAnamaNutvaM aNimA visacchidramapi prvishyaasiitaaN| laghutvaM nAma laghimA vAyorapi laghutaraH syAt / mahattvaM mahimA merorapi mahattaraM zarIraM vikurvit| prAptirbhUmiSTho'galyagreNa merUzikhara bhAskarAdInapi spRzet / prAkAmyamapsu bhUmAmiva gacchet bhUmAvappiyava nimjjedunmjjecc| jaMghAcAraNatvaM yenAgnizikhAdhUmanIhArAvazyAyameghavAridhArA markaTa tantujyotiSkararazmivAyUnAmanyatamamapyudAya viyati gcchet| viyadgaticAraNatvaM yena viyati bhUmAviva gcchet| zakunivaccaM praDInAvaDInagamanAni kuryAt / apratighAtitvaM parvata madhyena viyatIva gacchet / antardhAnamadRzyo bhvet| kAmarUpitvaM nAnAzrayAnekarUpadhAraNaM yugapadapi kuryAt tejonisarga sAmarthya mityetdaadi| iti indriyeSu matijJAnavizuddhivizeSAddUratsparzanAsvAdanaghrANadarzanazravaNAni viSayANAM kuryAt / saMbhinnajJAnatvaM yugapadanekaviSayaparijJAna mityetdaadi| mAnasaM koSThabuddhitvaM bIjabuddhitvaM .......... / - sabhASyatattvArthAdhigamasUtram-10, khUbacaMdra siddhAntazAstrI, pR. 461 19 prastuta saMdarbha 'prekSA : eka paricaya' pustaka se uddhRta, pR.8 160 jainadharma aura tAntrika sAdhanA, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 120 For Personal & Private Use Only

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rahita rahatA hai, tathA mohanIya karma ke samasta aTThAIsa bhedarUpa karmoM kA, sampUrNa mohanIyakarma kA sAmastyena abhAva ho jAtA hai| mohanIyakarma kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAne para usa jIva ko jIva kI chadmastha- vItarAga avasthA prApta huA karatI hai, jisase usa jIva ke eka antarmuhUrtta kAla ke bhItara hI jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya - ye tInoM hI ghAtIkarma pUrNarUpa se eka sAtha naSTa ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra, cAra karmoM ke naSTa ho jAne para yaha jIva saMsAra ke bIjarUpa karmabandha se sarvathA rahita ho jAtA hai, kintu jisakA phala bhoganA bAkI hai - aise bandhana - aghAtIkarmoM ke mokSa - chUTane kI apekSA rakhane vAlA aura yathAkhyAta saMyata se yukta vaha jIva snAtaka kahA jAtA hai / usako jina - kevalI, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, zuddha-buddha aura kRtakRtya kahate haiM / anya meM, bhASyakAra ne kahA hai - RddhiyoM kI tRSNA bhI moha hI hai aura moha kA jaba taka pUrNatayA abhAva nahIM hotA, taba taka vaha jIva nirvANa se bahuta dUra hai, kyoMki nirvANa - avasthA moha ke sarvathA naSTa ho jAne para ghAtItraya kA ghAta kara aghAtIcatuSTaya ke bhI naSTa ho jAne para hI prApta huA karatI hai / sAdhaka ko labdhiyoM kI prApti se bacanA cAhie pUrvokta Agamika evaM prAcIna AcAryoM ke granthoM ke adhyayana se yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina dharma meM bhI dhyAna evaM anya sAdhanAoM ke mAdhyama se sAdhakoM ko labdhiyoM kI prApti hotI thI, phira bhI yaha samajhanA Avazyaka hai ki jainasAdhanA mUlataH eka nivRttimUlaka - AdhyAtmika - sAdhanA hai, isalie jainAcAryoM ne apanI kRtiyoM meM yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki sAdhaka ko labdhiyoM kI prApti ke lie prayatna nahIM karanA caahie| yadi ve sahaja upalabdha bhI ho jAeM, to bhI unakA prayoga nahIM karanA cAhie / 344 -- jainAcAryoM kI dRSTi meM labdhiyA~ vaisI hI haiM, jaise gehUM kI khetI meM bhUsA sahaja hI utpanna ho jAtA hai| jaise khetI bhUse ke lie nahIM, gehU~ ke lie kI jAtI hai, usI prakAra sAdhanA AdhyAtmika - vikAsa aura mukti ke lie hotI hai, na ki For Personal & Private Use Only

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345 labdhiyoM kI prApti ke lie, ataH jainAcAryoM kA yaha maMtavya rahA hai ki sAdhaka ko labdhiyoM ke pIche nahIM bhAganA cAhie aura na prApta labdhiyoM kA pradarzana yA prayoga karanA caahie| jaina-paramparA meM isa sandarbha meM sanatkumAra cakravartI kA kathAnaka prasiddha hai| sanatkumAra cakravartI ko apanI sAdhanA ke bala para aneka prakAra kI labdhiyA~ prApta thIM, phira bhI unhoMne apane zarIra ko bImAriyoM se mukta karane ke lie una labdhiyoM kA prayoga nahIM kiyA thaa| jaina-paramparA meM aise aneka kathAnaka haiM, jo yaha batAte haiM ki aneka sAdhaka muniyoM ko aneka prakAra kI labdhiyA~ prApta thIM, kintu unameM se kisI ne bhI prApta labdhiyoM kA upayoga nahIM kiyaa| labdhiyoM kA upayoga karanA sAdhanA ko kaur3iyoM ke mola beca dene ke samAna hai| jisa prakAra ajJAnI vyakti hIrA milane para bhI use sundara patthara samajhakara atyalpa kImata meM beca detA hai, usI prakAra jo sAdhaka labdhiyoM ke pIche apanI sAdhanA ko kaur3iyoM ke bhAva beca detA hai, vaha mUrkha hI mAnA jAtA hai| jaina-sAdhanA-paddhati kA yaha spaSTa nirdeza hai ki sAdhaka ko na to labdhiyoM kI prApti ke lie sAdhanA karanA cAhie aura na hI prApta labdhiyoM kA upayoga bhI karanA caahie| jaina-paramparA meM labdhiyoM kI gauNatA - hama cAhe ise satya mAna leM ki sAdhanA se vividha prakAra kI labdhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM, kintu sAdhanA kA lakSya labdhiyoM kI prApti nahIM hai| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM ullekha kiyA hai, jaina-paramparA meM labdhiyoM ko gauNa mAnA gayA hai| cAhe ve sAdhanA se upalabdha hoM, lekina ve sAdhanA kA lakSya nahIM hotI haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only

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346 sAmAnyatayA, tantra-mantra Adi kI sAdhanA ko labdhiyoM kI prApti se jor3A jAtA hai, kintu adhyAtma-pradhAna aura nivRtti-mArgI jaina-dharma mUlataH mantra-tantra kI sAdhanA ko AdhyAtmika-dRSTi se ucita nahIM mAnatA hai| yaha satya hai ki jaina dharma meM bhI mAntrika-sAdhanA ke dvArA labdhiyA~ prApta hotI thIM, aise ullekha milate haiM, kintu jaina dharma kabhI bhI use sAdhanA kA lakSya nahIM mAnatA hai| AcArya kundakunda dvArA viracita 'rayaNasAra' nAmaka grantha meM kahA gayA hai ki 'jo muni tantra -mantra-vidyA Adi kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha zramaNoM ke lie dUSita-rUpa hai|101 isI prakAra, jJAnArNava 162 meM bhI spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai - "vazIkaraNa, AkarSaNa, vidveSaNa, mAraNa, uccATana Adi kI sAdhanA karanA; jala, agni, viSa Adi kA stambhana karanA, rasakarma yA rasAyana banAnA, nagara meM kSobha utpanna karanA, indrajAla arthAt jAdU karanA, senA kA stambhana karanA, jIta-hAra kA vidhAna batAnA, vidyAoM kI siddhi kI sAdhanA karanA, jyotiSa, vaidyaka evaM anya vidyAoM kI sAdhanA karanA, yakSiNImaMtra, pAtAlasiddhi ke vidhAna Adi kA abhyAsa karanA, kAlavaMcanA arthAt mRtyu ko jItane kI maMtrasAdhanA karanA, pAdukA-sAdhanA se adRzya hone tathA gar3he dhana dekhane ke lie aMjana kI sAdhanA karanA, zastrAdi kI sAdhanA karanA, bhUtasAdhana, sarpasAdhana ityAdi vikriyA-rUpa kAryoM meM anurakta hokara jo duSTa ceSTA karane vAle haiM, unhoMne AtmajJAna se bhI hAtha dhoyA aura apane donoM loka kA kArya bhI naSTa kiyaa| aise puruSoM ko dhyAna kI siddhi honA bhI kaThina hai|" 161 joisa-vejjA-maMtova-jIvaNaM vAyavassa vvhaarN| dhaNa-dhaNNa-pariggahaNaM samaNANaM dUsaNaM hoI - rayaNasAra, 103 162 kautukamAtraphalo'yaM purapravezo mhaapryaasen| sidhyati na vA kathaMcinmahatAmapi kAlayogena / / smaragaralamanovijayaM samastarogakSayaM vapuH sthairyam / pavanapracAracaturaH karoti yogI na saMdehaH / / janmazatajanitamugraM prANAyAmAdvilIyate pApam / nADIyugalasyAnte yaterjitAkSasya dhIrasya / / jalabindu kuzAgreNa mAse mAse tu yaH pibet| saMvatsarazataM sAgra prANAyAmazca tatsama / / - jJAnArNava For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAna aura kAyotsarga sAmAnyatayA, Aja dhyAna aura kAyotsarga ko eka hI mAnA jA rahA hai| jaina - paramparA ke aneka arvAcIna granthoM meM ina donoM zabdoM kA prayoga paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM ho rahA hai, kintu isa sambandha meM mere nirdezaka DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne eka lekha likhA hai, jisameM ve likhate haiM - 'yadi hama Agamika - pramANoM ke AdhAra para isa viSaya meM gaMbhIratA se vizleSaNa kareM, to yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki dhyAna aura kAyotsarga - donoM bhinna-bhinna avasthAe~ haiM / ' 163 sabase pahale uttarAdhyayana ke tIsaveM 'tapamArga - adhyayana' meM tapa ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai - 1. bAhya tapa aura 2. Abhyantaratapa / punaH Abhyantara tapa ke chaH bhedoM kI carcA se yaha jAnane ko bhI milatA hai ki dhyAna aura kAyotsarga- donoM alaga-alaga haiN| isa sandarbha meM vistRta carcA DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne paM. kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA kI pustaka 'kAyotsarga' kI bhUmikA meM kI hai| prastuta vivecana meM hamArA upajIvya vahI bhUmikA rahI hai 1 dhyAna kA svarUpa 347 164 bhAratIya adhyAtmavAdI paramparA meM dhyAna-sAdhanA kA astitva ati prAcInakAla se rahA hai| mAnava kA mana svabhAvataH caMcala mAnA gayA hai| jaina zAstroM meM adhyavasAyoM arthAt manobhAvoM kI ekAgratA ko dhyAna kahA gayA hai, 165 kintu dhyAna kA antima lakSya to mana kI caMcalatA ko samApta karanA hai / 163 uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30vA~ adhyayana 164 ' dekheM - kAyotsarga, kanhaiyAlAla jI lor3hA, prAkRtabhAratI jayapura, san 2007 'tattvArthasUtra - 9 / 27 165 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jaba adhyavasAya ekAgra bana jAtA hai, to citta kI capalatA yA asthiratA svataH hI samApta ho jAtI hai| yogadarzana meM bhI 'yoga' kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki cittavRtti kA nirodha hI yoga hai| isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki citta kI nirvikalpatA yA cittavRtti kI samApti se hI dhyAna saMbhava hotA hai, ataH sAdhanA ke kSetra meM dhyAna kI paramAvazyakatA hai| gItA ke antargata mana ke saMkalpa-vikalpoM ke nirodha ko vAyu ko rokane ke samAna kaThina mAnA gayA hai, phira bhI mana kI caMcalatA ko samApta karane kA upAya batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki abhyAsa evaM vairAgya ke dvArA usakI caMcalatA kA nirodha ho sakatA hai / 166 167 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai - cAroM aura daur3ate hue isa sAhasika aura duSTa mana rUpI azva ko koI nahIM pakar3a pAtA hai, lekina isa mana rUpI azva (ghor3e ) ko AgamarUpI lagAma lagA dI jAe, to yaha unmArga para nahIM, apitu sanmArga para calane lagegA | 168 saMkSipta meM, hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki citta kI saMkalpa - vikalpAtmaka gatizIlatA ko niSkriya banAnA hI dhyAna hai / dhyAna ke prakAra dhyAna kA sAmAnya artha hai cetanA kA kisI eka viSaya vastu yA bindu para kendrita honaa| 169 kendrita viSaya, prazasta yA aprazasta - donoM prakAra kA ho sakatA hai, ataH dhyAna ke bhI do bheda kie gae haiM 1. prazasta aura 2. aprazasta / aprazasta-dhyAna punaH do prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai - 1. Artta aura 2. raudra / ' 170 jaba 166 gItA, 6/34 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 23 /56 168 vahI, 23 /56 167 'tattvArthasUtra, 9/27 'sthAnAMgasUtra, ca.sthA, udde 1, sUtra 60, pR.222, 169 170 348 -- For Personal & Private Use Only

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cetanA kisI viSaya meM Asakta ho jAtI hai, taba vaha usa viSaya kI prApti ke lie cintita ho jAtI hai, yahI ArttadhyAnaM kahalAtA hai / ise hama isa prakAra se bhI samajha sakate haiM ki anukUla aprApta viSaya kI prApti, athavA upalabdha anukUla viSaya yA saMyoga ke viyoga kI saMbhAvanA ke cintana meM cetanA kA DUbA rahanA hI ArttadhyAna hai| 171 yaha ArttadhyAna citta ke viSAda athavA avasAda kI avasthA hai / hai / 172 upalabdha anukUla vastu ke corI ho jAne meM, athavA aprApta vastu kI prApti meM avarodha Ane kI sthiti meM jo Aveza tathA Akroza pragaTa hotA hai, vaha hI raudradhyAna isa prakAra, hatAzA yA nirAzA kI sthiti ArttadhyAna tathA AvegAtmakaavasthA raudradhyAna kI sthiti hai, 173 ataH ArttadhyAna rAgamUlaka tathA raudradhyAna dveSamUlaka pratIta hotA hai| chaThaveM guNasthAna taka ArttadhyAna tathA pA~caveM guNasthAna taka raudradhyAna sambhava hote haiN| ye donoM prakAra ke dhyAna rAga-dveSa ke nimitta se utpanna hone ke kAraNa saMsAra ke janaka tathA saMsAravRddhi ke kAraNabhUta haiN| 174 sArAMza yaha hai ki ye donoM durdhyAna haiM, isalie tyAjya haiN| 175 isI prakAra, prazasta - dhyAna bhI do taraha kA mAnA hai| - 1. dharmadhyAna aura 2. zukladhyAna / zubha - dhyAna ke sAdhaka ko bhAvanA, deza, kAla, AlaMbana, dhyeya, liMga tathA phalAdi ko jAnakara yA samajhakara hI dharmadhyAna meM pravRtta honA cAhie / ' 176 sva-para kalyANa ke hetubhUta viSayoM para cittavRtti kA sthira honA hI dharmadhyAna hai / yaha 17' tattvArthasUtra, 9/31 tattvArthasUtra, 9/37 172 sthAnAMgasUtra, udde. 1, sthAna 4, 63-64 174 aTThajjhANaM saMsAra vaddhaNa tirigaimUlaM / 175 ArtaM raudraM ca durdhyAnaM I 'jhANassa bhAvaNAo desaM kAlaM 173 176 349 I dhyAnazataka, zlo. 10 - dhyAnadIpikA, pra. 5, zlo. 69 -- - dhyAnazataka, zlo. 28 For Personal & Private Use Only

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350 loka-maMgala ke sAtha-sAtha Atmavizuddhi kA bhI sAdhana hai| jaba citta kI vRtti na to karttAbhAva aura na hI bhoktAbhAva meM, apitu sAkSIbhAva arthAt jJAtA-dRSTAbhAva meM avasthita hotI hai, taba sAkSIbhAva kI avasthA hI zukladhyAna kahalAtI hai| isako isa prakAra samajhanA hai ki succhinnakriyArUpa caturtha zukladhyAna, jo samasta AtmapradezoM kI sthiratA se yukta ayogI-kevalI kI avasthA hai, vaha paramazukladhyAna kahalAtA hai|" isa dhyAna ko upalabdha sAdhaka siddha ke rUpa meM lokAgra meM saMsthita ho jAtA hai| isameM citta kI pariNati zubha aura azubha -donoM se pare hotI hai| dharma evaM zukla ye donoM dhyAna saMsAra-paribhramaNa ke nivAraNArtha evaM mokSa ke kAraNabhUta haiN| 179 ina prazasta-dhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se jIvAtmA amaratA, pUrNatA, vItarAgatA tathA cinmayatA ko prApta kara letI hai| citta ko azubha pariNAmoM se vimukha karake zubha athavA vizuddha pariNAmoM meM saMlagna karane ke lie dhyAna ke sAtha-sAtha kAyotsarga kI sAdhanA atyanta Avazyaka hai, kyoMki samatva kI upalabdhi ke lie dhyAna aura kAyotsarga -ina donoM kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| kAyotsarga kA svarUpa - kAyAdi paradravya meM sthirabhAva chor3akara jo AtmA ko nirvikalparUpa se dhyAtA hai, use kAyotsarga kahate haiN| 180 zarIra, kAyA yA deha -yaha saMsAra meM janma-maraNa kA hetu hone se saMsAra kA hI aMga hai| deha se saMbaMdha sthApita hote hI saMsAra se saMbaMdha ho jAtA hai aura yaha saMbaMdha hI samasta bandhanoM kA hetu hai|181 177 sthira sarvAtmadezasya samucchinnakriyaM bhvet| - dhyAnastava, zlo. 19 178 ka) jayA kammaM khavittANaM siddhi gaccai niiro| tayA logamatthayattho siddho havai saaso|| - dazavaikAlikasUtra, 4/25 kha) samavAyAMgasUtra, sama.-4 ga) aupapAtikasUtra, (tapavivecanAntargatadhyAna) 17 pare mokSa hetu - tattvArthasUtra, 9/30 180 kAyAIparadabve thirabhAvaM pariharattu appaannN| tassa have taNusaggaM jo jhAyai nnibbiyppenn|| -niyamasAra, gAthA 121 181 'kAyotsarga va vyutsarga' - paM.kanhaiyAlAla, pustaka se uddhRt pR. 25 For Personal & Private Use Only

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351 paMDita kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ne apanI kAyotsarga nAmaka pustaka meM likhA hai -"bandhanamukta hone ke lie sambandha-mukta honA Avazyaka hai aura sambandha-mukta hone ke lie deha se sambandha-viccheda kI paramAvazyakatA hai|" 182 Azaya yaha hai ki kAyotsarga kI sAdhanA ke mAdhyama se dehAbhimAna kSINa hote hI jIva zarIra, saMsAra tathA kaSAyAdi bandhanoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| 'kAyotsarga' zabda kI nirmiti mUlataH do zabdoM ke saMyoga se huI hai - kaay+utsrg| kAya, arthAt zarIra tathA utsarga yAnI chor3anA yA tyAga karanA / sampUrNatayA kAyA kA tyAga asaMbhava hai| vastutaH, kAyA ke prati jo Asakti yA mamatvavRtti hai, usakA tyAga hI kAyotsarga hai| kAyA ke gyAraha paryAyavAcI zabda haiM - kAyA, zarIra, deha, bodi, upacaya, ucchya, kalevara, samucchaya, bhaspA, tanu aura prANa / 183 isI prakAra utsarga ke bhI gyAraha paryAyavAcI haiM - utsarga. vyutsarga, avakiraNAdi / 184 kAyotsarga ke bheda - ___ jainAgamoM meM 'vyutsarga' zabda kA prayoga vyApaka artha meM kiyA gayA hai| vyutsarga ke yahA~ do bheda batAe gae haiM - 1. dravya-vyutsarga aura 2. bhAva-vyutsarga1185 __bAhya-vastuoM kA tyAga dravya-vyutsarga tathA manovRttiyoM athavA cittavRttiyoM kA tyAga bhAva-vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| prAcInAcAryoM ne dravya-vyutsarga ko bhI cAra bhedoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai - 182 'kAyotsarga va vyutsarga'- pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 26 183 Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA. 1460 184 vahI, gAthA 1465 185 vivAhaprajJaptisUtra, zataka 25, udde. 7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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352 . 1.zarIra-vyutsarga, 2. gaNa-vyutsarga, 3. upAdhi-vyutsarga aura 4. bhkt-paanvyutsrg| ye sabhI vyutsarga bAhya-padArthoM ke prati mamatva aura Asakti ke tyAgarUpa haiM. kyoMki bAhyapadArthoM ke pIche mamatva kA tattva chupA huA rahatA hai| bhAva-vyutsarga ke bhI tIna bheda haiM -1. kaSAya-vyutsarga, 2. saMsAra-vyutsarga aura 3. krm-vyutsrg| kaSAya-vyutsarga kA artha hai - krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha kA parityAga krnaa| isI taraha, saMsAra-vyutsarga kA kAraNa hai - naraka, deva, tiryaMca tathA manuSya-yoni ke prati kisI bhI prakAra kA nidAna yA mamatvavRtti kA tyaag| yahA~ karma -vyutsarga ko nimna do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai - 1. karmabandhana ke hetuoM kA tyAga / 2. pUrvabaddha karmoM kI nirjarA kA purussaarth|| karma-vyutsarga dravya-karmoM kI nirjarA ke rUpa hai, vahIM vaha rAga-dveSAdi kI vRttiyoM ke tyAgarUpa bhI hai| ise bhAva-vyutsarga kahate hai| isa prakAra, vyutsarga sAdhaka kI rAga-dveSAdi pravRttiyoM kA nivAraNa karake usako vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi ko upalabdha karane kA puruSArtha hai| vastutaH, kAyotsarga deha meM rahate hue bhI videha hone kI sAdhanA hai| kAyotsarga kI sAdhanA se sAdhaka dehAtIta avasthA kI ora agrasara hotA hai| abhinava kAyotsarga kA kAla kama se kama ar3atAlIsa minaTa aura jyAdA se jyAdA eka varSa kA hai| bAhubalI186 ne eka varSa taka kAyotsarga kiyA thaa| kAyotsarga kI sAdhanA ke tIna prakAra haiM - khar3e hokara, baiThakara aura lettkr| 187 jaise pratidina paudgalika-deha ke lie bhojana apekSita hai, vaise hI AdhyAtmika-jIvana ke lie kAyotsarga bhI Avazyaka hai|188 186 yogazAstra-3, patra-25 187 Avazyakaniyukti - 1475 188 AvazyakacUrNi, pR. 271 For Personal & Private Use Only

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dhyAna aura kAyotsarga kA sahasambandha dhyAna kI sthiratA tabhI saMbhava hai, jaba sAdhaka dehAsakti se pare ho, kyoMki deha kA mamatva hI dhyAna ke vicalana kA pramukha kAraNa hai, isIlie Abhyantara- -carcA meM dhyAna ke bAda kAyotsarga kI gaNanA kI gaI hai| dhyAna meM Atma-sthiratA ke abhAva se yadi citta zubha athavA azubha pariNamana karatA hai, taba Asrava evaM bandha kI sthiti hotI hai, jabaki kAyotsarga sadaiva saMvara tathA nirjarA kA kAraNa hai| dhyAna kI uccatama avasthA meM sAdhaka kA mAtra apramatta jJAtA - dRSTAbhAva meM rahanA saMvara kA kAraNa hai, kintu nirjarA kI sthiti to tabhI utpanna hotI hai, jaba dhyAna kAyotsargapUrvaka hotA hai| jainakarma-siddhAntAnusAra, apramatta - saMyata guNasthAnaka se Age AdhyAtmikavikAsa kI ora agrasara sAdhaka jaise-jaise pragati karatA hai, vaise-vaise usake navIna Asrava rukate haiN| antataH, gyArahaveM guNasthAnaka meM sirpha sAtA - vedanIya karma kA hI Asrava raha jAtA hai| mukti-mArga kI sAdhanA meM saMvara jarUrI hai| sattA meM sthita pUrvasaMcita karmoM kI nirjarA ke abhAva meM avanati kI saMbhAvanA banI rahatI hai| 353 vastutaH, dhyAna se apramatta sAdhaka saMvara meM saphala ho jAtA hai, kintu atItabaddha karmoM kI sattA samApta nahIM hotI hai| karmoM kI sattA kA ghAta dhyAna ke sAtha kAyotsarga karane se hI saMbhava hotA hai| AcArya mahAprajJajI ke zabdoM meM - "kAyotsarga bheda - vijJAna kA abhyAsa hai / zArIrika aura mAnasika tanAva se mukti pAne ke lie kAyotsarga kA abhyAsa bahuta upayogI hai|"189 yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki kAyotsarga kI nirmalatA, pavitratA evaM vizuddhi meM dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kA hI sthAna hai| kAyotsarga meM svadoSoM kI kramazaH 189 ' prastuta saMdarbha 'prekSAdhyAna: siddhAnta aura prayoga se uddhRta, pR. 16 For Personal & Private Use Only

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354 AlocanA kI jAtI hai aura yaha vidhAna hai ki jaba taka guru kAyotsarga sampanna na kare, taba taka zvAsa-prazvAsa ko sUkSma kara dharma-zukla-dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai|190 dhyAna se cittavRtti kA saMyama hotA hai aura cittavRtti ke saMyama se AtmasajagatA, AtmajAgrati meM vRddhi hotI hai| jaise-jaise adhyavasAyoM meM sAvadhAnI bar3hatI hai, vaise-vaise mana niSkriya hotA jAtA hai| mana kI niSkriyatA dvArA anya yogoM arthAt pravRttiyoM kA zithilIkaraNa ho jAtA hai, ataH dhyAna se jaise-jaise jJAtA-dRSTAbhAva puSTa hotA hai, vaise-vaise dhyAna kAyotsarga meM parivartita hotA jAtA hai, jisase bAhyajagata ke viSayoM ke prati anAsakti kA tathA deha ke prati nirmamatva kA prakaTIkaraNa hone lagatA hai| sattA meM sthita karma-pudgaloM kI nirjarA kI gati bar3ha jAtI hai, pratisamaya anaMtagunA karmadalika kSINa hote jAte haiN| dhyAna kI caramasthiti kAyotsarga hai| isakI sAdhanA se vibhAva samApta hotA hai tathA svabhAva prakaTa hotA hai| dhyAna evaM kAyotsarga meM mahattvapUrNa antara - yahA~ dhyAna aura kAyotsarga meM jo mahattvapUrNa antara hai, use saMkSipta rUpa meM samajha lenA jarUrI hai| * dhyAna meM cittavRtti yA adhyavasAya sthira rahate haiM, jabaki kAyotsarga meM citta adhyavasAya-rahita yA nirvikalpa ho jAtA hai| dhyAna cittavRttiyoM kI ekAgratA, ekalayatA kI sAdhanA hai, jabaki kAyotsarga deha ke prati nirmamatva kI sAdhanA hai,192 athavA kAyA ke prati asaMga honA hI kAyotsarga hai| 19 Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 1514 191 ka) jaM thirmjjhvsaannN| - dhyAnazataka, gAthA 2; dhavalATIkA, pustaka 13, gAthA 12 kha) sthiramadhyavasAnaM yat tddhyaanN| - AdipurANa- 21/9 For Personal & Private Use Only Jain Education Interational

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* dhyAna se virakti hotI hai| kAyotsarga se vItarAgatA prakaTa hotI hai / dhyAna cittavRtti kI ekAgratA hai aura kAyotsarga cittavRttiyoM ke vilaya kI avasthA hai| * dhyAna kAraNa hai, kAyotsarga usakA kArya hai| * dhyAna meM nija ke avinAzI - sa nija na - svarUpa kA anubhava hotA hai / * 355 - svarUpa kA cintana hotA hai, jabaki kAyotsarga meM ataH, dhyAna ke binA kAyotsarga aura kAyotsarga ke binA dhyAna saMbhava nahIM / isa prakAra, dhyAna aura kAyotsarga - do alaga-alaga sthitiyA~ hone para bhI ve eka dUsare se abhinna hI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki varttamAna meM jaina - paramparA meM kAyotsarga ko hI dhyAna kahA jAtA hai / ' 193 kAyotsarga evaM samAdhi - deha ke prati nirmamatva tathA AtmA kI ora abhimukha hone kI nirmala - pavitra prakriyA kA nAma hai - kAyotsarga / dUsare zabdoM meM, hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki Atmajagat ke avalokana kI eka viziSTa prakriyA kA sUcaka hai - kAyotsarga | 'SaDAvazyaka' meM kAyotsarga kA apanA eka svataMtra evaM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, sAtha hI 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra' ke tIsaveM adhyayana ke tIsaveM sUtra meM tapa ke vargIkaraNa meM Abhyantara tapa ke chaha bheda batAe gae haiN| usameM dhyAna aura kAyotsarga kA bhinnabhinna rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai / ' 194 192 'tAva kAyaM ThANeNaM, moNeNaM, jhANeNaM appANaM vosirAmi / Avazyaka sUtra 193 dekheM - kAyotsarga, kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA, prAkRta bhAratI, jayapura, 2007, bhUmikA - DaoN.sAgaramala jaina 194 jhANaM ca viussaggo eso abbhintaro tvo| - uttarAdhyayana- 30/30 For Personal & Private Use Only

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356 'Avazyakaniyukti' meM kahA gayA hai ki dhyAnasiddhi ke lie kAyotsarga eka anivArya aMga hai, binA kAyotsarga ke dhyAna siddha ho hI nahIM sakatA, kyoMki citta kI sthiratA hI dhyAna hai| pravRtti-nivRtti kA santulana, svayaM kI bhUloM ko dekhanA, karmakSaya, kaSAya-vijaya Adi kAyotsarga ke mAdhyama se hI saMbhava haiN| 196 isa prakAra, Avazyakaniyukti ke gAthA kramAMka 1432 se lekara 1568 taka karIba 136 gAthAoM meM kAyotsarga kA vizada-vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 'anuyogadvAra' ke antargata kAyotsarga ko vraNa-cikitsA kahA gayA hai| 197 pratipala-pratikSaNa satarkatA ke bAvajUda bhI ajJAnavaza athavA pramAdavaza sAdhaka kI sAdhanA meM doSa yA aticAra lagane para, yA phira bhUla ho jAne para, ina bhUloM-rUpI jakhmoM, ghAvoM ko bharane ke lie kAyotsarga eka prakAra kA marahama hai, jo zIghra hI doSarUpI ghAvoM ko ThIka kara detA hai| 'AvazyakasUtra-tassauttarI' meM kahA gayA hai -"mere dvArA jo pApa hue haiM, unake vizeSa zuddhikaraNa hetu prAyazcitta karane ke lie, AtmapariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA ke lie, zalyarahita karane ke lie maiM kAyotsarga karatA huuN|"198 mere zodhakArya ke nirdezaka DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM -"zAbdika-dRSTi se kAyotsarga zabda kA artha hotA hai -'kAyA' kA utsarga, arthAt deha-tyAga, lekina jaba taka jIvana hai, taba taka zarIra kA tyAga to saMbhava nahIM hai, ataH kAyotsarga kA matalaba hai -deha ke prati mamatva kA tyAga, dUsare zabdoM meM, zArIrika gatividhiyoM kA karttA na banakara draSTA bana jaanaa| vaha zarIra kI mAtra aicchika-gatividhiyoM kA niyantraNa hai| zArIrika gatividhiyAM bhI do prakAra kI hotI haiM -eka, svacAlita aura dUsarI, aicchik| kAyotsarga meM svacAlita-gatividhiyoM kA nahIM, apitu aicchika 195 bhAve pasatthamiyaraM jeNa va bhAveNa .... / Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA-1463, 196 vahI, 1466, 1511, 1568, 1471 197 vaNa-tigiccha -anuyogadvArasutta -suttAgame, pR. 1156 198 tassa uttarI-karaNeNaM, pAyacchitta-karaNeNaM, visohI-karaNeNaM, visallI-karaNeNaM pAvANaM kammANaM nigghAyaNaTThAe ThAmi kAussaggaM / / - AvazyakasUtra, AgArasUtra, pR. 15 For Personal & Private Use Only

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gatividhiyoM kA niyantraNa kiyA jAtA hai| kAyotsarga karane se pUrva jo AgArasUtra kA pATha bolA jAtA hai, usameM zvasana - prakriyA, chIMka - jambhAI kA spaSTa ullekha hai / 199 ataH, kAyotsarga- aicchika-zArIrika gatividhiyoM ke nirodha kA prayatna hai / "200 'Avazyakaniryukti' ke karttA AcArya bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) ne kahA hai ki kAyotsarga do zabdoM ke saMyoga se banA hai - kAyA + utsarga, arthAt deha ke prati Asakti kA tyaag| Age likhA hai ki kAyA zabda ke aparanAma gyAraha haiM- kAyA, zarIra, deha Adi / 201 usI prakAra, utsarga ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM kI saMkhyA bhI gyAraha hai utsarga, vyutsarjana, ujjhana, avakiraNa Adi / isI meM kAyotsarga ke do prakAroM kI carcA kA varNana hai / 203 202 --- ceSTA kAyotsarga Agamana-nigamana kI pravRtti meM lage doSavizuddhi ke lie karanA usake 5 prakAra daivasika kA. rAtrika kA. pAkSika kA. cAturmAsika kAyotsarga 200 jainasAdhanA paddhati meM dhyAna 19 annattha UsasieNaM nIsasieNaM khAsieNaM chIeNaM jaMbhAieNaM uDDueNaM vAya - nisaggeNaM bhamalIe pitmucchaae...| evamAiehiM AgArehiM / / - AvazyakasUtra - AgArasUtra - abhinava kAyotsarga sAMvatsarika 204 dIrghakAla taka Atmacintana ke lie kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 13-14 201 kAe sarIra dehe buMdI ya caya uvacae ya saMghAe / ussaya samussae vA kalevare bhattha taNa pANU / / - Avazyaka niryukti, gAthA 1460 202 utsagga viussaraNujjhaNAya avagiraNa chaDDaNa vivegA / vajjaNa cayaNummuaNA parisA'Na sA'NA ceva / / - vahI, gAthA 1465 || 203 so ussaggo duvviho jiTThAe abhibhave va nAyavvo / bhikkhAyariyAi paDhamo uvasaggabhijuMjaNe biio / - vahI, gAthA 1466 204 desiya rAiya pakkhiya cAummAse taheva variseya / / - Avazyaka niryukti, gAthA 1515 357 For Personal & Private Use Only saMkaTa Ane para (jaise- rAjA, viplava, durbhikSa Adi ke lie)

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358 AcArya bhadrabAhu kA kahanA hai ki kAyotsarga tIna bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM meM kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1.khar3e hokara, 2. baiThakara aura 3. sokr| 205 zArIrika avasthA tathA mAnasika-vicAravRtti kI apekSA se kAyotsarga ke nau bheda kie gae haiM,206 ve nimnAMkita haiM - zArIrika avasthA mAnasika-vicAravRtti 1. | utsRta-utsRta khar3A dharma-zukladhyAna 2. | utsRta khar3A na dharma-zukla, na Artta-raudra kintu cintanazUnya dazA 3. utsRta-niSaNNa | khar3A Artta-raudradhyAna | niSaNNa-utsRta | baiThA dharma-zukladhyAna 5. | niSaNNa na dharma-zukla, na Artta-raudra, kintu ciMtanazUnya dazA 6. | niSaNNa-niSaNNa | baiThA Artta-raudradhyAna nipanna-utsRta | leTakara dharma-zukladhyAna | niSapanna | leTakara na dharma-zukla, na Artta-raudra, kintu ciMtanazUnya dazA | nipanna-nipanna | leTakara | Artta-raudradhyAna __uparyukta kAyotsarga ke bhedoM meM jisa-jisa rUpa meM dhyAna kA samAveza huA hai, usase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki vaha kAyotsarga kA pravezadvAra hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya 205 ussianisannaga nivannage ya ikkikkagaMmiu pyNmi|| - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 1475 . 206 usiussio a taha ussio a ussiyanisannao ceva / nisanassio nisanno nisannaganisannao cev|| nivaNussio nivanno nivannanivannago ya nAyavvo eesiN|| - Avazyaka niyukti, niyuktisaMgraha, gAthA 1473-1474, pR. 164 For Personal & Private Use Only

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359 hai ki kAyotsarga kI pavitratA evaM vizuddhatA meM dharma aura zukla-dhyAna kA hI sthAna kAyotsarga kA mUla uddezya samAdhi hai| yadi samAdhi meM vyavadhAna hotA hai, Artta aura raudra-dhyAna meM cittavRtti pariNata hotI hai, to phira vaha kAyotsarga nahIM hai| kAyotsarga karate samaya samAdhi pravardhamAna ho, to yaha samajhanA cAhie ki kAyotsarga hitAvaha hai| kAyotsarga ke dvArA hone vAlI samAdhi AtmAnubhUti kA viSaya hai| yogAMgoM kA antima aMga samAdhi hai| samasta saMkalpa-vikalpoM se rahita cittavRtti kI jo nirvikalpatA hai, vahI samAdhi kahalAtI hai| jaba dhyAna meM citta ekarUpatA yA tanmayatA prApta kara dhyeya ke svarUpa meM lIna ho jAtA hai, vahI samAdhi hai| isameM AtmA apane vAstavika svarUpa meM nimagna rahatI hai aura nijAnanda kA anubhava karatI hai| 'pAtaMjala yogasUtra'207 ke mAdhyama se yaha bAta sAmane AtI hai ki jaba dhyAtA dhyeya vastu ke svarUpa se ekAkAra hokara usa svarUpa meM lIna ho jAtA hai, taba vaha samAdhi ko prApta karatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, dhyAna meM dhyAtA, dhyAna tathA dhyeya bhinna-bhinna avasthA meM dikhate haiN| parantu samAdhi dazA meM tInoM eka hI pratIta hote haiN| isI bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai- yogasAra saMgraha08 meN| ___ 'tattvArtharAjavArtika 209 meM samAdhi tathA dhyAna -ina donoM ko yoga zabda ke artha meM aMtarnihita kiyA hai| ... 'sarvArthasiddhi' meM samAdhi ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki yadi kASThAgAra meM Aga laga jAe to use zAnta karanA anivArya hai, vaise hI zramaNajIvana ke zIlavratoM meM lagI huI viSaya-vAsanA, tRSNA, icchA, AkAMkSA rUpI agni 207 ka) tadevArthanirbhAsaM svarUpa zUnyamiva samAdhiH' - yogasUtra 3/3 ___ kha) 'dhyAnameva dhyeyAkAranirbhAsaM pratyAtmake svarUpeNa zUnyamiva yadA bhavati, dhyeyasvabhAvAvezAttadA smaadhirityucyte||' -vyAsabhASyama 208 tadeva dhyAna yadA dhyeyAvezavazAda dhyAna-dhyeya-dhAtRbhAva dRSTi zUnyaM saddhapeyamAprAkAraM bhavati tdaasmaadhiruucyte| - yogasAra saMgraha, aMza 2, pR.46 209 yujeH samAdhivacanasya yogaH samAdhiH dhyAnamityanarthAntaram / / - rAjavArtika, 6/1/12/505/27 For Personal & Private Use Only

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_360 kA zAnta karanA jarUrI hai| yahI samAdhi kahI jAtI hai| 210 niyamasAra ke nauveM adhikAra meM samAdhi kI carcA kI gaI hai| prastuta grantha ke granthakAra ne gAthA kramAMka 122 aura 123 meM kahA hai ki vacana ke uccAraNa kI pravRtti ko chor3akara, vItarAga bhAva se saMyama, niyama, tapa aura dharma, zukla-dhyAna se jo AtmA ko dhyAtA hai, use paramasamAdhi kahate haiN|11 __ 'dhavalA' meM samAdhi ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa karate hue AcArya jinasena ne kahA hai ki jJAna, darzana aura cAritra meM samyak prakAreNa sthita rahanA hI samAdhi hai|212 vAstavikatA yaha hai ki cittavRtti kI caMcala vRttiyA~ vikalpAtmaka-pravRtti asamAdhi kA mukhya kAraNa hai aura citta kI caMcalatA zAnta ho jAe, tanAvarahita ho jAe, nirvikalpa ho jAe to samAdhi kA pragaTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM -"jaba vAyu ke saMyoga se jala taraMgAyita hotA hai, to usa taraMgita jala meM rahI huI vastuoM kA bodha nahIM hotA, usI prakAra tanAvayukta udvigna citta meM AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra saMbhava nahIM hai, ataH citta kI isa udvignatA kA yA tanAvayukta sthiti kA samApta honA hI samAdhi hai|213 ___ zIlAMkAcArya ke anusAra, AcArAMga kI TIkA evaM sUtrakRtAMga kI TIkA meM samAdhi zabda kI paribhASA tIna alaga-alaga rUpoM se nirdiSTa kI hai - 1. indriya-viSayoM kA samApta honA aura AvegoM kA saMvega, nirveda meM rUpAntaraNa samAdhi kA prathama caraNa hai| 2. samyak anuSThAna yA samyak AcaraNa samAdhi mAnA jAtA hai|215 210 sarvArthasiddhi - 6/24 21 vayaNoccAraNakiriyaM paricattA viiyraaybhaavenn| jo jhAyadi appANaM paramasamAhI have tss|| saMjamaNiyataveNadu dhammajhANeNa sukkjhaannenn| jo jhAyai appANaM paramasamAhI have tss|| -niyamasAra, 122-123 212 'daMsaNa-NANa-carittesu sammamavaTThANaM smaahii| - dhavalA, pu.8, pR.88 213 'jainasAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna' -DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 12 214 samAdhi indriya praannidhaanm| - AcArAMga, zru., ja.6, u.4, sU. 185 kI TIkA For Personal & Private Use Only

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3. dharmadhyAna se samAdhi, samAdhi se antima dhyeya - mokSa kI prApti hai | 216 'lalita-vistarA' meM AcArya haribhadrasUri ne samAdhi ko dravya aura bhAva donoM rUpoM meM svIkAra kiyA hai / 217 'yogadRSTisamuccaya' ke anusAra, 'parAdRSTi' se yukta sAdhaka samAdhiniSTha ho jAtA hai 218 navAMgI TIkAkAra abhayadeva sUri ne samavAyAMgasUtra kI TIkA evaM sthAnAMgasUtra kI TIkA meM samAdhi ke svarUpa ko tIna prakAra se prayukta kiyA hai 1. samyak mokSamArga kI sthiratA 219 2. citta kI prazamavAhitA 220 tathA 3. zruta aura cAritra kI vizuddhatA | 221 222 AcArya malayagiri ne AvazyakasUtra kI TIkA meM samAdhi ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai ki citta kI svasthatA samAdhi kahI jAtI hai| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne dvAtriMzikA meM ekAgra aura niruddha citta ko samAdhi kahA hai|223 'niyamasAra' ke anusAra, vItarAgabhAva meM bhAvita AtmA paramasamAdhi ko prApta karatA hai | 224 215 samAdhi sanmArganiSThAnarUpam / - sUtrakRtAMga, zru. 1, a.14 kI TIkA, pR. 197 216 mokSaM tanmArga vA prApti yenAtmA dharmadhyAnAt sA samAdhi / - sUtrakRtAMga TIkA, a. 10 217 'sAmAdhAnaM samAdhi' lalita vistarA, pR. 355 218 yogadRSTi samuccaya, zloka 176 219 'samyagmokSamArgAvasthAne - samavAyAMgasUtra, sama 20 kI TIkA 220 'prazamavAhitAyAmajJAnAdau ca' sthAnAMgasUtra, sthA. 4, udde. 1 kI TIkA 221 samAdhiH zrutaM cAritraM ca vahI, udde. 1 TIkA 222 AvazyakasUtra malayagiri TIkA, a. 2 - 223. ekAgra nirUddhe citte samAdhirati 224 niyamasAra, gAthA 122 361 dvA. 11 For Personal & Private Use Only

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362 'paramAtmaprakAza' meM likhA hai ki saMkalpa-vikalpoM se mukti paramasamAdhi hai| 225 'mahApurANa' meM likhA hai ki vizuddha adhyavasAya se yathArtha samAdhAna hI samAdhi hai|26 'tattvAnuzAsana' meM likhA hai ki zuddha svarUpa meM avasthita rahanA hI samAdhi hai|227 'visuddhimaggo' meM likhA hai ki kuzala citta kI ekAgratA hI samAdhi hai| 228 "upazamana samAdhi kA hai| jisa prakAra vAyu ke pravega se rahita sthAna meM dIpaka kI zikhA apane sthira svabhAva ko prApta kara letI hai, usI prakAra samAdhi meM citta apanI svAbhAvika sthiti ko prApta kara letA hai|"229 samAdhi ke prakAra - samAdhi dravya-samAdhi bhAva-samAdhi jisa dravya se samAdhi prApta hotI hai, jaise- vyakti, paristhiti, padArtha Adi ke saMyoga se prApta zAnti, AnaMda, harSa jisa bhAva se sAdhaka samkacAritra meM sthita hotA hai| Adi samayagdarzana samAdhi sAdhaka Atma-sAkSAtkAra meM saMlagna rahatA hai samyagjJAna samAdhi samyakacAritra samAdhi tapa . sAdhaka AtmA ko sAdhaka jinAjJA meM parISahajayI evaM jAnatA hai sthira rahatA huA glAnirahita jJAna ArAdhanA meM saMlagna dhyAna se svAtmA meM - rahatA hai| saMlagna rahatA hai| fo 225 paramAtmaprakAza - 2/1 226 mahApurANa sarga -21, zloka-226 227 samAdhitaMtra, gAthA 17 kI TIkA pR. 32 228 kusalacitteggatA smaadhi| - visuddhimaggo, khaNDa-1 22 prastuta saMdarbha -"jaina evaM bauddha yoga" pustaka se uddhRta, pR.52 For Personal & Private Use Only

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363 dUsarI apekSA se samAdhi ke do prakAra haiM - samAdhi savikalpasamAdhi nirvikalpasamAdhi sAdhaka mana ko viziSTa dhyeyatattva para evaM mantra para sthira karatA huA zubha saMkalpa karatA hai, jaisegatiduHkha mukti, aSTakarmakSaya, bodhilAbha, smaadhimrnnaadi| samasta saMkalpa-vikalpoM kA vilIna ho jAnA, jJAtA-dRSTArUpa svAtmA meM sthita rahanA, anaMtajJAna, darzanAdi kA AsvAdana karanA, guNazreNI ArUr3ha, yoganirodha, zailezI avasthA meM sthita rahatA .. hai|230 parama-samAdhi - terahaveM guNasthAnavartI jIva dIrghakAla taka paramasamAdhi meM sthita rahatA hai| ajara, amara, avinAzI, nirAbAdha, niraMjana, nirAkAra, parama caitanya-svarUpa meM ramaNatA hI samAdhi hai| 'maharSi paMtajalikRta yogasUtra ke anusAra, yogAMgarUpa jisa samAdhi kA varNana hai, vaha jaina-siddhAntAnusAra, zukladhyAna ke prAraMbhika-stara meM hI samAhita ho jAtI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNoM meM maharSi pataMjali kI saMprajJAtasamAdhi kA tathA zukladhyAna ke aMtima do caraNoM meM asaMprajJAta-samAdhi kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| dhyAnazataka ke anusAra dhyAna citta kI ekAgratA kA sUcaka hai| zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNoM ko chor3akara zeSa avasthAoM meM jainadarzana ke anusAra vikalpa rahatA hai| dhyAna meM cAhe vikalpoM kI caMcalatA samApta ho jAe kintu nirvikalpa-avasthA to mAtra zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNoM meM hI hai, ataH dharmadhyAna ke caraNa aura zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa cittavRtti kI ekAgratA ke hote hue bhI nirvikalpa cetanA ke pratipAdaka nahIM haiN| dhyAna ke bAda jaba hama kAyotsarga kI bAta karate haiM, to usameM mana-vacana-kAyA ke prati mamatvabhAva kA tyAga hotA hai| ataH 230 vahI, pR. 52-53 For Personal & Private Use Only

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itanA to kahA jA sakatA hai ki kAyotsarga nirvikalpatA kI ora le jAtA hai, kintu jahA~ taka samAdhi kA prazna hai, samAdhi mUlataH nirvikalpa - cetanA kI avasthA hai / jahA~ dhyAna meM cittavRtti kI ekAgratA sAdhI jAtI hai, vahA~ kAyotsarga meM mamatva ke tyAga ke mAdhyama se nirvikalpatA kI dizA meM bar3hane kA prayatna hotA hai, kintu nirvikalpa - dazA meM sthiratA - yaha samAdhi hai, ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki dhyAna aura kAyotsarga nirvikalpa samAdhi ke sAdhaka haiM / 'samAdhi' zabda kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jisameM pUrNarUpa se samasta para adhikAra ho, vaha samAdhi hai, kyoMki jaina-darzana meM sAdhanA kA sAra samatva kI upalabdhi hI hai| samAdhi pUrNa samatva kI avasthA hai, isalie vaha sAdhya hai, dhyAna aura kAyotsarga usake sAdhana hai| dhyAna se ekAgratA AtI hai aura kAyotsarga se nirmamatva jAgatA hai * aura isa prakAra dhyAna aura kAyotsarga samAdhi kI upalabdhi ke aparihArya tattva haiN| 364 -000 For Personal & Private Use Only

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jinabhadagaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadIya TIkA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana SaSThama adhyAya - 1. dhyAna kA aitihAsika-vikAsakrama 2. (ka) Agama evaM Agamika-vyAkhyA-yuga (kha) haribhadra-yuga (ga) jJAnArNava aura yogazAstra kA yuga (gha) tAntrika-yuga (Da.) yazovijaya-yuga . .. (ca) Adhunika yuga 3. jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA aura baud dhyAna-sAdhanA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 4. pAtaMjala-dhyAna kI yoga-sAdhanA tathA jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 5. tAntrika-sAdhanA aura jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA For Personal & Private Use Only

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365. SaSTha adhyAya dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama - . zuddha Atmasvarupa kI anubhUti ke lie dhyAna-sAdhanA Avazyaka mAnI gaI hai| mAnava-saMskRti ke vikAsa ke prAraMbhika yuga se hI hameM dhyAnasAdhanA kA itihAsa prApta hone lagatA hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA ke aitihAsika-krama ko samajhane ke lie hamAre sAmane mukhya rupa se do hI AdhAra haiM - 1. sAhityika aura 2. puraataattvik| sAhityika-dRSTi se vedoM ke pazcAt mukhya rupa se upaniSadoM, bauddha-tripiTaka ke granthoM tathA jaina Agama-granthoM meM hameM kisI-na-kisI rupa meM dhyAna-sAdhanA ke ullekha milate haiN| AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskaMdha meM mahAvIra kI dhyAna-sAdhanA kA ullekha milatA hai| isI prakAra, bauddha-tripiTaka meM bhagavAn buddha dvArA kI gaI dhyAnasAdhanA kA ullekha bhI prApta hai| bauddha-tripiTaka meM bhagavAn buddha ke guru-tulya rahe rAmaputta kA varNana upalabdha hai| jaina-Agama sUtrakRtAMga va isibhAsiyAiM meM bhI rAmaputta kA ullekha hai| sAhityika-dRSTi se hameM Aja jo sandarbha prApta hote haiM, unake AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki rAmaputta vidhivat rupa se dhyAna-sAdhanA karavAte the| yadyapi unakI dhyAna-sAdhanA kA svarupa kyA thA, yaha batA pAnA kaThina hai, phira bhI itanA to kahA jA sakatA hai ki rAmaputta kI dhyAna-sAdhanA bauddha-tripiTaka kI vipazyanA aura jaina AgamoM kI prekSA kA hI koI pUrva rupa rahI hogii| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne kahA hai -"jisa rAmaputta kA nirdeza bhagavAn buddha ke dhyAna ke zikSaka ke rupa meM milatA hai, unakA ullekha jaina-paramparA ke prAcIna For Personal & Private Use Only

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366 AgamoM meM jaise -sUtrakRtAMga', antakRtdazA', aupapAtika', RSibhASita' meM vidyamAna hai, jo isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki nirgrantha-paramparA rAmaputta kI dhyAna-sAdhanA kI paddhati se prabhAvita thii| bauddha-paramparA kI vipazyanA aura nirgrantha-paramparA kI AcArAMga meM varNita dhyAna-sAdhanA meM jo kucha nikaTatA pratIta hotI hai, vaha yaha sUcita karatI hai ki sambhavataH donoM kA mUla srota rAmaputta kI dhyAna-paddhati rahI hogii| ___ jahA~ taka purAtAttvika-pramANoM kA prazna hai, hameM mohanajodar3o har3appA se jo sIleM prApta huI haiM, unameM dhyAna-sAdhanA karate hue vyaktiyoM kA aMkana hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki Aja se lagabhaga pAMca hajAra varSa pUrva bhI mAnava dhyAna-sAdhanA karatA thaa| jaina-tIrthaMkaroM kI jo purAkAlIna mUrtiyA~ lohAnIpura-paTanA evaM mathurA se prApta huI haiM, unameM bhI tIrthaMkaroM ko dhyAnamudrA meM hI dikhAyA gayA hai| bhArata kI nivRttiparaka-paramparA kI jo jaina, bauddha aura aupaniSadika-dhArAe~ haiM, unake pUrva-puruSa bhI dhyAna-sAdhanAe~ karate the -aise purAtAttvika-pramANa upalabdha hote haiN| ziva aura buddha kI bhI aneka mUrtiyA~ dhyAnamudrA meM milI haiN| jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAe~ zata-pratizata dhyAnamudrA ke rUpa meM hI milatI haiN| isase yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki dhyAna-sAdhanA kA itihAsa atiprAcIna hai| vaha mahAvIra aura buddha ke pUrva taka jAtA hai| saMkSepa meM kahA jAe, to dhyAna-sAdhanA kI prAthamika avasthA ke lie zramaNaparamparA meM tIna tattvoM ko anivArya mAnA gayA hai - / sUtrakRtAMga, prathama zrutaskaMdha, adhyayana 3, uddezaka 4, gAthA 2-3, pR. 224 2 sthAnAMga, sthAna 10, 133 (isameM antakRtdazA kI prAcIna viSayavastu kA ullekha hai|) aupapAtikadazA * isibhAsiyAiM - adhyAya 2 3 ' 'jaina sAdhanA-paddhati meM dhyAna', DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pustaka se uddhRta -33, 34 " MOHENJODARO AND INDUS CIVILIZATION - JOHN MARSHALL, VOL. I, Page - 52 For Personal & Private Use Only

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367 1. zarIra kI sthiratA, 2. vacana kA mauna aura 3. citta kI nirviklptaa| citta kI saMkalpa-vikalpa kI pravRtti kI sthiratA ke lie, athavA citta kI ekAgratA ke vikAsa ke hetu dhyAna kI vibhinna paddhatiyA~ khojI gaI haiN| kisI bindu-vizeSa para cetanA ke sthirIkaraNa se trATakadhyAnavidhi vikasita huii| AcArAMgasUtra ke anusAra, mahAvIra kisI dIvAra para dRSTi ko sthira kara dhyAna karate the|' zvAsa para cittavRttiyoM ke kendrIkaraNa karane kI vidhi bhI milatI hai| prAcIna jaina-granthoM meM zvAsozvAsa para cittavRtti ko kendrita karane kA nirdeza milatA hai| isI ke AdhAra para, bauddha-paramparA ke antargata AnApAnasati ke rupa meM dhyAnavidhi batAI gaI hai| vartamAna-kAla meM bhI vipazyanA kI zuruAta ko AnApAnasati se mAnA jAtA hai| isa prakAra, trATaka-sAdhanA ke alAvA zvAsa-prekSA, zarIraprekSA, vicAraprekSA Adi ke saMketa prAcIna jaina tathA bauddha-sAhitya meM milate haiN| jaina dhyAna-paramparA ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama ko samajhane ke lie hameM use aneka bhAgoM meM bAMTakara dekhanA hogA ki unameM dhyAna-sAdhanA kI paramparAe~ vibhinna yugoM meM kisa prakAra rahI huI haiN| suvidhA kI dRSTi se, jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA ko hama nimna chaha bhAgoM meM bAMTa sakate haiM - 1. ka) Agama-yuga - (IsA pUrva pAMcavI zatI se IsA kI pAMcavIM zatI taka) kha) Agamika vyAkhyA yuga - (IsA kI pAMcavI se sAtavIM zatI taka) 2. haribhadra-yuga (IsA kI AThavIM zatI se dasavIM zatI taka) 3. jJAnArNava aura yogazAstra kA yuga (IsA kI 11-12 vIM zatI) 4. tAntrika-yuga (IsA kI 11 vIM zatI se 19 vIM zatI taka) 5. yazovijaya-yuga (IsA kI 17 vIM zatI se 19 vIM zatI taka) 6. Adhunika yuga (IsA kI 20 vIM zatI se 21 vIM zatI taka) 'AcArAMga- 1/9/45 For Personal & Private Use Only

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368 Agamika-yuga IsA kI pAMcavIM zatA dI taka, usake bAda jinabhadra aura haribhadra kA yuga IsA kI chaThavIM zatAbdI se dasavIM zatAbdI taka, zubhacandra aura hemacandra kA yuga gyArahavIM zatAbdI se bArahavIM zatAbdI taka aura tAntrika-yuga terahavIM zatAbdI se satrahavIM zatAbdI taka mAnA jAtA hai| yadyapi krama kI dRSTi se tAntrika-yuga kA kAla terahavIM zatAbdI se lekara satrahavIM zatAbdI taka mAnA jAtA hai, kintu tAntrika-sAdhanA ke kucha pramANa usake pUrva haribhadra ke kAla ke bAda se bhI prApta hote haiN| kyoMki jJAnArNava aura hemacandra ke yogazAstra meM prANAyAma, maMtra-sAdhanA Adi ke ullekha milate haiM, isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki tAntrika-sAdhanA pUrva meM bhI astitva meM thii| usake pazcAt yazovijaya kA yuga AtA hai, jo mukhyataH satrahavIM se aThArahavIM zatAbdI taka mAnA jA sakatA hai| isake pazcAt, sabase anta meM hama Adhunika yuga meM Ate haiM, jise prekSA-dhyAna ke rupa meM AcArya mahAprajJajI ne naI dizA dii| Age hama ina yugoM aura unakI vizeSatAoM kI saMkSipta meM carcA kreNge| Agama-yuga evaM Agamika vyAkhyA-yuga (I.pU. pAMcavI zatI se sAtavIM zatI taka) - "mukti kI prApti' jaina-sAdhanA kA pramukha uddezya hai| mukti arthAt janma-maraNa ke cakra se sadA-sadA ke lie chuTakArA paanaa| jaba taka saMsAra hai, taba taka karmabaMdhana hai aura jaba taka karmabaMdhana hai, taba taka janma-maraNa kA cakra calatA rhegaa| isase mukta hone kA mAdhyama hai -dhyaan| dhyAna hI 'sva' kI anubhUti kI sthiti hai, vibhAva se svabhAva kI ora unmukha hone kI sthiti hai, nija svarupa meM avasthita hone kI sthiti hai| prAgaitihAsika-kAla se jainavAD.maya meM dhyAna-sAdhanA kI zrRMkhalA avicchinna rupa se calI A rahI hai| Agamayuga kA varNana 'jainadharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika-vikAsakrama' sAdhvI uditaprabhA ke zodha-prabandha ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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1. AcArAMgasUtra meM dhyAna aitihAsika - dRSTi se sarvaprathama hameM dvAdazAMgI ke prathama grantha 'AcArAMga' meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI dhyAna-sAdhanA ke saMbaMdha meM aneka saMketa milate haiN| mahAvIra ko 'dhyAnayogI' kI upamA se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| AcArAMga se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIra ke jIvana ke sAdhanAkAla kA adhikatama samaya dhyAna-sAdhanA meM hI vyatIta huA thA / " sthAna-sthAna para kAyotsarga tathA dhyAna meM nimagna hokara ve sva-svarupa kA cintana karate rahate the| unhoMne cittavRttiyoM kI ekAgratA ke sAtha-sAtha dRSTi ke sthirIkaraNa kA abhyAsa bhI kiyA thA / isake pariNAmasvarUpa ve animiSa hokara bhItoM para dhyAna kendrita karate the / isa prakriyA ke daurAna unake netra raktavarNI hokara bAhara nikala Ate the, jinheM dekhakara loga Dara jAte the / bhaya se AkrAnta hokara baccoM kA samUha haMta! haMta! kahakara jora-jora se cillAtA aura dUsare baccoM ko bhI apane pAsa bulA letA thaa| dUsare zabdoM meM, ve utkRSTa AsanoM meM avasthita hone ke sAtha hI tiryak dekhate hue samAdhi meM anAkAMkSa hokara rahate the| 10 mahAvIra kabhI gharoM meM, kabhI vanoM meM, kabhI kumbhakAra - zAlA yA lohakArakabhI - kabhI ArAmagRhoM, gAMvoM, zAlA meM, kabhI sabhAoM, pyAUoM, dukAnoM meM, to nagaroM, zmazAnoM Adi meM, kabhI-kabhI to ve vRkSa ke nIce hI dhyAnamagna ho jAte the|" unhoMne apane sAdhanAkAla meM aneka anukUla-pratikUla upasargoM ko samabhAva se sahA / 12 369 9 adu porisiM tiriyaM bhittiM cakkhubhAsajja aMtaso jhAi / aha cakkhu-bhIyA sahiyA, taM 'haMtA haMtA' bahave kaMdisuM AyAro, prathamazrutaskaMdha, adhyAya-9, udde. 1 gA. 5, pRSTha 320 10 avi jhAi se mahAvIre AsaNatthe akukkuejhANaM / uDDha ahe tiriyaM ca pehamANe samAhimapaDiNNe / - vahI ? 1/9/4/14 '' AvesaNa sabhA-pavAsu paNiyasAlAsu egadA vAso / aduvA paliyaTThANesu palAlapuMjesu egadAvAso / AMgatAre ArAmAgAre gAme Nagarevi egadA vAso / susANe suNNagAre vA, rUkkhamUlevi egadA vaaso|| - vahI, 1/9/2 / 2-3 ka) etehiM muNI sayaNehiM, samaNe AsI paterasavAse / rAI divaMpi jayamANe appamatte samAhie jhAti / / -AyAro, prathamazrutaskaMdha, adhyAya-9, udde. 2 gA. 4, pRSTha 328 kha) ayamaMtaraMsi ko ettha ahamaMsitti bhikkhu AhaTTu | ayamuttame se dhamme, siNIe sa kasAie jhAAti / / - vahI, pra.zrutaskaMdha, a.9, u.2, gA. 12, pR. 330 For Personal & Private Use Only

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370 AcArAMga ke uparyukta sandarbho se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki mahAvIra kI dhyAnasAdhanA bAhya tathA Abhyantara -donoM prakAroM se thii| ve kaSAyarahita, Asaktirahita AtmasamAdhi meM abhirata hokara dhyAna karate the| 2. sUtrakRtAMga meM dhyAna - dvAdazAMgI ke dvitIya graMtha sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM vIratthavo (vIra-stuti) nAmaka chaThaveM adhyayana ke antargata vividha upamAoM se bhagavAn kI zreSThatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, usI meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dhyAna kA bahuta hI sundara ullekha huA hai| mahAvIra dharmadhyAna se bhI Upara uThakara zukladhyAna kI ramaNatA meM lIna the| .. sUtrakRtAMga ke chaThaveM adhyayana ke gAthA kramAMka-16 meM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn kA sarvottama dhyAna zukladhyAna hai, jo zaMkha, candra Adi atyanta zukla vastuoM ke samAna vizuddha aura sarvathA nirmala thaa| ve anuttaradhyAna ke svAmI kahe gae haiN| anuttara, arthAt jisase zreSTha aura kucha bhI nahIM hai| zukladhyAna, dhyAna kI sarvocca avasthA kA pratIka hai| isI sUtra ke prathama zrutaskaMdha meM 'vIrya' nAmaka AThaveM adhyayana ke anta meM paNDitavIrya-sAdhanA ke Adarza ke saMbaMdha meM jo gAthAe~ haiM, ve bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa haiN| dUsarI gAthA ke prathama do caraNoM meM likhA hai ki sAdhu dhyAnayoga ko samyak prakAreNa grahaNa kare, phira kAyA kA vyutsarga kre| dhyAna kA samyak grahaNa se yahA~ abhiprAya yaha hai ki lambe samaya ke abhyAsa se dhyAna meM ekAgratA, dRr3hatA, sthiratA prApta karanA hai| aisI sthiratA se dehAtIta-avasthA kI prApti hotI hai| 12 sayaNehiM, tassuvasaggA, bhImA AsI aNegarUvAya...... / - vahI- 1/9/2/7-9, pR. 328 13 aNuttaraM dhammamuIraitA aNuttaraM jhANavaraM jhiyaaii| susukkasukkaM apagaM'sukkaM saMkhedu vegaMtavadAtasukkaM / / - sUtrakRtAMgasUtra/1zrutaskaMdha/6 adhyayana/16 gAthA/pR. 323 1" jhANajogaM samAhaTu, kAyaM viusejja svvso|| - vahI, 1/8/26/pR. 354 For Personal & Private Use Only

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371 3. sthAnAMgasUtra meM dhyAna - dvAdazAMgI kA tIsarA aMga 'sthAnAMgasUtra' hai| isakI viSayavastu kA saMkhyA ke kramAnusAra sthAnoM ke rupa meM viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI sthAnAMgasUtra ke caturtha sthAna ke antargata prathama uddezya meM cAra dhyAnoM kI sundara vivacenA kI gaI hai| sUtra meM pratyeka dhyAna ke prakAroM, upaprakAroM, lakSaNa, Alambana aura anuprekSA kA vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna ke cAra prakAra mAne gae haiM - 1. ArtadhyAna, 2. raudradhyAna, 3. dharmadhyAna aura 4. shukldhyaan| isameM kramazaH prathama tathA dvitIya do dhyAna aprazasta (azubha) tathA zeSa do dhyAna prazasta (zubha) mAne gae haiN| aprazasta dhyAna sAdhanA ke lie anupayogI tathA vyavadhAnAtmaka haiM, kyoMki ye saMsAravRddhi kA kAraNa haiN| jabaki prazasta-dhyAna mukti ke hetu haiN| mAnasika-duHkha ko utpanna karane vAlA dhyAna 'ArtadhyAna' hai| isake amanojJa, manojJa, AtaMka aura prItikAraka -aise cAra upaprakAra haiN| krandanatA, zocanatA, tepanatA aura paridevanatA -ye ArtadhyAna ke lakSaNa haiN| hiMsAdi krUra pravRttiyoM meM niraMtara mAnasika-pariNati rupa ekAgratA raudradhyAna hai| isake hiMsAnubandhI, mRSAnubaMdhI, steyAnubaMdhI aura saMrakSaNAnubaMdhI -aise cAra upaprakAra haiN| utsanna, bahudoSa, ajJAna, AmaraNAnta -ye raudradhyAna ke lakSaNa haiN| tIrthaMkaroM dvArA praNIta zruta-dharma aura cAritra-dharma ke cintana-manana meM ekAgratA dharmadhyAna hai| AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna-vicaya ye dharmadhyAna ke upaprakAra haiM tathA AjJA, nisarga, sUtra aura avagAr3haruci -ye usake lakSaNa haiN| vAcanA, pratipracchanA, parAvartanA aura anuprekSA -ye dharmadhyAna ke Alambana tathA ekatva, anitya, azaraNa aura saMsAra -ye dharmadhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~ haiN| karmakSaya ke kAraNabhUta zuddhopayoga meM lIna rahanA zukladhyAna kahalAtA hai| pRthaktvavitarkavicAra, ekatvavitarkavicAra, sUkSmakriyA-anivRtti aura samucchinnakriyA-apratipAtI -ye zukladhyAna ke upaprakAra haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only

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372 avyatha, asammoha, viveka tathA vyutsarga-lakSaNa tathA kSAnti, mukti, Arjava aura mArdava -ye zukladhyAna ke Alambana kahalAte haiN| jaise dharmadhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~ haiM, vaise hI zukladhyAna kI bhI anuprekSAe~ haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM - anaMtavRttitA, vipariNAmatA, azubhatA aura apaay| ina sabakA vistRta rupa se varNana pUrva meM kiyA gayA hai| 4. samavAyAMgasUtra meM dhyAna - 'samavAya'-yaha dvAdazAMgI kA cauthA aMga hai| isake cauthe samavAya meM dhyAna ke cAroM bhedoM kA saMkSipta varNana milatA hai| dharmadhyAna ke cAra bhedoM meM se saMsthAnavicaya kA bahuta hI vistAra se ullekha milatA hai| prastuta sUtra ke battIsaveM samavAya meM yogasaMgrahoM kI vivecanA kI gaI hai, jo sAdhaka-jIvana ke lie upayogI siddha hotI hai| isameM 'dhyAna-saMvarayoga' nAmaka aTThAisaveM yoga kA bhI ullekha hai| isakA Azaya yaha hai ki dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna kI dizA meM vikAsa karane ke lie sAdhaka ko Asrava-dvAroM kA saMvaraNa karanA Avazyaka hai| 5. bhagavatIsUtra meM dhyAna - 'bhagavatIsUtra' ko vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| yaha dvAdazAMgI kA pAMcavA aMga haiN| isameM gautama gaNadhara dvArA pUche gae praznoM ke jo uttara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne die the, unakA saMkalana hai| yaha vizAlakAya AgamagraMtha hai| yaha grantha 15000 zloka-parimANa hai aura isameM 36,000 praznottara saMkalita haiN| isameM tapa ke antargata Artta, raudra, dharma aura zukladhyAna kA vistAra se varNana prApta hai|" 15 samavAyAMgasUtra, samavAya 4.20, pR. 11 16 vahI, samavAya 32, pR. 93 17 jhANe cauvidhe pannate, taM jahA - aTTe jhANe, rodde jhANe, dhamme jhANe, sukke jhaanne| vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra, 25 za., 7 udde. 237 sUtra, pR. 506 For Personal & Private Use Only

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373 isa Agamagrantha meM bhI sthAnAMgasUtra ke samAna hI dhyAna ke cAra prakAra, svarupa, lakSaNa Adi kI vistRta rupa se carcA kI gaI hai, antara mAtra itanA hai ki isameM dhyAna ko tapa kA hI eka aMga batAyA gayA hai|18 / bhagavAn mahAvIra apane sAdhanAmaya jIvana kI dhyAnAtmaka-prakriyA aura anubhava kA varNana karate hue unake ziSya gautama ko batAte haiM ki sAr3he bAraha varSa ghora tapasyAkAla ke antargata tapa aura saMyama kA samyak-prakAreNa paripAlana karatA huA, tapa dvArA AtmA ko nirmala tathA pavitra banAtA huA, grAmAnugrAma vihAra karatAkaratA suMsubhAra nagarI meM jA phuNcaa| vahA~ azoka nAmaka udyAna ke azokavRkSa ke nIce mana, vacana aura kAyA kI gatividhiyoM ko virAma dete hue usane eka padArtha para dRSTi kendrita kii| cakSu ko nirnimeSa udghATita karate hue, indriyoM kA saMyama rakhate hue usane eka rAta kI mahApratimA aMgIkAra kii| yaha krama Age bhI kaI bAra calatA rhaa| isa prasaMga se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ve dhyAna-sAdhanA meM nirata rahate the| isase isa bAta kI bhI puSTi hotI hai ki usa samaya unake dhyAna kI koI vizeSa prakriyA rahI hogii| jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, antakRtadazA tathA anuttaraupapAtikadazA ina AgamoM meM dharmakathAnuyoga ke mAdhyama se dhyAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jaise- jJAtA-dharmakathA meM prathama zrutaskaMdha ke 'meghakumAra' nAmaka prathama adhyayana meM aura tetalIputra nAmaka caturtha adhyayana meM donoM kI kathA dvArA sabase pahale ArttadhyAna kA svarupa batAyA gayA, phira dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna ke svarupa ko spaSTa kiyaa| dUsare adhyayana meM vijayacora kI kathA dvArA raudradhyAna evaM usake phala kA varNana hai| isa prakAra AThaveM tathA terahaveM adhyayana meM bhI dhyAna kA varNana 18 vahI, 25/7/238-249/pR. 507-508 1 vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra For Personal & Private Use Only

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374 upAsakadazA meM dasa zrAvakoM dvArA gyAraha pratimAoM kI ArAdhanA ke antargata kAyotsarga pratimA kA ullekha hai| dhyAna kI prAthamika avasthArupa. kAyotsarga ke mAdhyama se dhyAna kA varNana milatA hai| antakRtadazA meM tapa ko dhyAna kA pratIka mAnA hai aura saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki dhyAnaprakriyA se hI sampUrNa karmoM ko kSaya kara diyA jAtA hai| anuttaraupapAtika sUtra meM dhyAna ke aMga tapa kA ullekha hai| dhyAnAgni dvArA samasta karmarupI IMdhana ko jalAkara AtmA kA nija svarupa prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai| 6. praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM dhyAna - ___ dvAdazAMgI kA dasavAM aMga praznavyAkaraNa hai| yaha Asrava tathA saMvaradvAra ke rupa meM do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| saMvaradvAra ke antargata nirgranthoM kI ikatIsa upamAe~ milatI haiN| usameM bAvIsavIM (22 vI) 'khANuM ceva uDDakAe'20 tathA teIsavIM (23 vI) 'suNNAgArA vaNassaMto NivAya saraNappadIpajjhANamivaNippa kaMpe' tathA 'jahA khuro ceva egadhAre 22 upamAoM kA varNana hai, jo kramazaH kAyotsarga tathA dhyAna ko sUcita karatI hai| inase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki uparyukta do upamAeM zramaNa sAdhakoM ke dhyAnAbhyAsI hone kA saMketa karatI haiN| prastuta sUtra ke tIsare saMvaradvAra kI asteya vrata kI tRtIya bhAvanA meM sAdhu ko satata AtmadhyAna meM ramaNa karane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| 7. aupapAtikasUtra meM dhyAna - aupapAtikasUtra prathama upAMga hai| isameM tapa ke bAraha prakAroM ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA hai - 1. chaha bAhya aura 2. chaha aabhyntr| Abhyantara tapa ke arntagata dhyAna ke 20 praznavyAkaraNasUtra, 2/5/163 21 vahI, 2/5/250 22 vahI, 2/3 sU. 137, pR. 209; sayayaM sajjhappajjhANajutte (asteya vrata kI pAMca bhAvanAeM se uddhRta) For Personal & Private Use Only

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375 prakAra, upaprakAra, lakSaNa, Alambana, anuprekSA Adi kA ullekha milatA hai| jaise sthAnAMga meM uparyukta sabhI kA varNana huA hai, vaise hI isa sUtra meM bhI una sabakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dhyAna kI pradhAnatA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ne eka jagaha zramaNoM kI ucca dharmArAdhanA kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki kucha zramaNa ghuTanoM ko Upara evaM mastaka ko nIcA kara, eka viziSTa Asana meM avasthita hokara dhyAnarupI koSTha meM praveza karate the, arthAt dhyAnamagna rahate the|24 8. uttarAdhyayana meM dhyAna - uttarAdhyayanasUtra bhagavAn mahAvIra kI antima dezanA kA aMza hai| isake prathama adhyayana vinayasUtra ke gAthA kramAMka dasa meM -sAdhaka yathAsamaya apane svAdhyAya meM usake bAda ekAkI dhyAnabhyAsa kreN|25 isI sUtra ke aThArahavAM adhyayana 'saMjayIya' meM, rAjA saMjaya zikAra hetu vana meM gayA, vahA~ kesara nAmaka udyAna meM eka tapodhana anagAra svAdhyAya aura dhyAna meM saMlagna tathA dharmadhyAna meM ekatAna the| rAjA saMjaya ne unake samIpa sthita mRga ko bANoM se mAra diyaa| lekina dhyAnastha muni ko dekhate hI kSamAyAcanA kii| maunapUrvaka dhyAna (dharmadhyAna) kI sAdhanA meM magna hone se rAjA ko koI uttara nahIM milaa| tatpazcAt rAjA ne dharma-zravaNa kiyA, vairAgya ko prApta hokara saMyama grahaNa kiyaa| yaha dhyAna ke prabhAva se hI huA thaa| aupapAtikasUtra, 30 pR. 9-50 24 vahI, 31, pR. 80 22 tao jhAejja egago ..... - uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 1 adhyayana, gAthA-10, pR. 10 26 aha kesarammi ujjANe aNagAre tvodhnne| sajjhAya-jjhANasaMjutte dhammajjhANaM jhiyAyaI / / vahI, 18/4 27....jhAyaI jhaviyAsave tassAgae mie pAsaM vaheI se nraahive|| - vahI, 18/9 28 aha moNeNa so bhagavaM aNagAre jhaannmssie| rAyANaM na paDimantei ..... || - vahI 18/9 For Personal & Private Use Only

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376 prastuta sUtra ke chabbIsaveM Ayayana meM zramaNajIvana kI dinacaryA kA varNana karate hue bhagavAn mahAvIra ne spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai ki zramaNa divasa tathA rAtri ke dUsare prahara meM dhyAnasAdhanA kre| isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki usa kAla meM dhyAna-sAdhanA zramaNajIvana kA eka mahattvapUrNa aMga thii| isI sUtra ke unatIsaveM adhyayana kA nAma samyaka parAkrama hai| eka sthAna para bhagavAn mahAvIra gautama kI jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karate hue kahate haiM ki mana kI ekAgratA se cittavRtti kA nirodha hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana ke tIsaveM adhyayana kA nAma 'tavamaggagaI' hai| yahA~ tapa ke bAhya aura Abhyantara -ye do bheda kie haiN| Abhyantara-tapa ke antargata dhyAna aura kAyotsarga kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| sAtha hI yaha kahA gayA hai ki Arta aura raudra azubha dhyAna hai| ina donoM ko tyAgakara sAdhaka ko dharma aura zukladhyAna kI ArAdhanA karanI caahie| yadi vaha aisA karatA hai to usakA yaha dhyAna Antarika tapa hai|32 dhyAna antaHkaraNa kA saMzodhanAtmaka tattva hai, isalie dhyAna bhI Abhyantara tapa kI koTi meM ginA jAtA hai| isI sUtra meM lezyAoM kA bhI bahuta hI vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| zuklalezyA kA pragaTIkaraNa kaise hotA hai ? usakA varNana karate hue likhA hai - Artta-raudradhyAna ko chor3akara dharmadhyAna ko dhyAtA huA zukla- dhyAna ko prApta kara letA hai| kaSAyarahita hokara samitiyoM, guptiyoM kA pAlana karate hue jitendriya yogoM se yukta sAdhaka zuklalezyA kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai| isa prakAra uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhI dhyAna kA varNana milatA hai| 29 divasassa cauro bhAge kujjA bhikkhU viykkhnno| tao uttaraguNe kujjA diNabhAgesu cusuvi| paDhamaM porisiM sajjhAya bIyaM jhANaM jhiyaayii| taiyAe bhikkhAyariyaM puNo cautthIe sjjhaay|| -vahI, 26/11-12 30 rattiM pi cauro bhAge bhikkhU kujjA viykkhnnoN| tao uttaraguNe kujjA rAibhAesu cusuvi|| paDhamaM porisiM sajjhAyaM bIyaM jhANaM jhiyaayii| taiyAe niddamokkhaM tu cautthI bhujjo vi sjjhaayN| - vahI, 26/17-18 3 / egaggamaNasaMnivesaNAyAe NaM cittanirohaM krei|| - vahI, 29/25, pR. 501 32 aTTarUddANi vajjitA jhAejjA susmaahie| dhammasukkAiM jhANAI jhANaM taM tu buhA ve|| - vahI 30/35 33 aTTarUddhANi vajjitA dhammasukkANi jhaaye| pasantacitte dantappA samie gatte ya gttihiN|| sarAge vIyarAge vA uvasante jiindie| eyajogasamAutto sukkalesaM tu prinnme|| - vahI -34/31-32 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #403
377 haribhadrayuga : (IsA kI AThavIM zatI se dasavIM zatI taka) : vidvatvarya AcArya haribhadra kA vyaktitva bahuta hI ojasvI, tejasvI thaa| unhoMne na kevala jaina dharma ke kSetra meM apitu sampUrNa bhAratIya dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM apanI lekhanI se pracura mAtrA meM sAhitya kI racanA kii| TIkA-granthoM ke sAthasAtha unhoMne darzana, dharma, yoga, AcAra, upadeza, vyaMgya tathA carita-kAvya Adi aneka viSayoM para apanI lekhanI claaii| anuzruti to yaha hai ki unhoMne 1444 granthoM kA sarjana kiyA thA, kintu yaha paramparAgata mAnyatA hai| yathArtha sthiti kyA hai ? isa sambandha meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| AcArya haribhadra apane vyaktigata saMbaMdhoM kI jAnakArI dene ke sandarbha meM prAyaH anudAra hI rhe| pUrvavartI aneka AcAryoM ke samAna unhoMne bhI apane bAre meM kahIM kucha nahIM likhA, mAtra apanI gurumAtA ke sandarbha meM apane ko yAkinIsUnu kahakara vinayabhAva ko pradarzita kiyaa| unake gRhastha-jIvana ke sandarbha meM sarvaprathama saMketa hameM 'bhadrezvara kI kahAvalI' meM prApta hote haiN| usake anusAra sambhavataH cittaur3a ke brahmapurI nAmaka koI kasbe yA upanagara meM unakA janma huA thA, yadyapi unake janma-sthala ko lekara mataikya nahIM hai| unake pitA kA nAma zaMkara bhaTTa tathA mAtA kA nAma gaMgA kahA jAtA hai| pitA ke nAma ke pIche jo 'bhaTTa' zabda hai, vaha brAhmaNa-jAti kA sUcaka hai| 'gaNadhara-sArdhazataka' kI sumatigaNikRta vRtti meM to haribhadra kA brAhmaNa ke rupa meM spaSTa nirdeza milatA hai| haribhadra kA vidyAdhyayana kahA~, kaise huA, kisake sAnidhya meM huA ? yaha nirNaya karanA to kaThina hai, para hA~, dharma aura darzana kI 34 ka) "pivaMguIe baMbhapuNIe" -pATana saMghavI ke bADe ke jaina bhaNDAra kI vi.saM. 1497 meM likhita tAr3apatrIya pothI, khaNDa-2, patra-300 kha) adholikhita prAcIna granthoM meM janmasthAna ke rUpa meM cittaur3a-citrakUTa kA ullekha milatA hai - haribhadrasUrikRta 'upadezapada' kI zrI municandrasUrikRtaTIkA (vi.saM. 1174) - prabhAcandrasarikRta 'prabhAvakacaritra navama shRNg| (vi.saM. 1334) - rAjazekharasUrikRta 'prabandhakoSa' apara nAma 'caturviMzatiprabandha' (vi.saM. 1405) 35 saMkaro nAma bhaTo, tassa gaMgA nAma bhttttinnii| - kahAvalI, patra 300 36 "eva so paMDittagavdamubahamANo haribhaddo nAma maahnno| - dharmasaMgrahaNI kI prastAvanA se udhRta, pR.5 vi.saM. 1295 For Personal & Private Use Only

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378 dUsarI paramparAoM ke saMbaMdha meM unake jJAna gAmbhIrya se bhI yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki unakA janma aura zikSA-dIkSA brAhmaNa-kula meM hI huI hogii| ve rAjapurohita ke pada para AsIna the| unheM apane pANDitya para garva thA aura pANDitya ke garva se garvita hokara unhoMne yaha saMkalpa kiyA ki jisa kisI kA par3hA huA, kahA huA maiM nahIM samajha sakA, to usake ziSyatva ko svIkAra kara luuNgaa| kisI eka samaya jaina sAdhvI ke mukha se nikalI nimna gAthA kI dhvani unake kAnoM se TakarAI - cakkIdurga haripaNagaM paNagaM cakkI kesavo ckkii| kesava cakkI kesava du cakkI kesI a cakkI a||" lAkha koziza ke bAvajUda bhI ve gAthA kA artha nahIM samajha sake, artha samajhane ke lie unhoMne jainezvarI dIkSA grahaNa kii| saMyama-jIvana kI caryA meM koI doSa na laga jAe, isa hetu unhoMne sUkSmatA se jaina-granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA aura alpa samaya meM Agama-granthoM ke jJAtA bne| ___ haribhadra ke yuga meM jaina-paramparA ke zramaNa evaM tyAgI-varga meM zithilAcAra A cukA thA, isalie sambodhaprakaraNa meM haribhadra ne apane yuga meM phaile isa zithilAcAra kA khaMDana kiyaa| paMcAzaka-prakaraNam nAmaka pustaka kI bhUmikA meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne kahA hai -"pratibhAzAlI aura vidvAna honA vastutaH tabhI sArthaka hotA hai, jaba vyakti meM satyaniSThA aura sahiSNutA ho| AcArya haribhadra usa yuga ke vicAraka haiM jaba bhAratIya-cintana meM aura vizeSakara darzana ke kSetra meM vAk-chala aura khaNDana-maNDana kI pravRtti balavatI bana gayI thii| pratyeka dArzanika svapakSa ke maNDana evaM parapakSa ke khaNDana meM hI apanA buddhi-kauzala mAna rahA thaa| mAtra yahI nahIM, darzana ke sAthasAtha dharma ke kSetra meM bhI pArasparika-vidveSa aura ghRNA apanI caramasImA taka pahuMca cukI thii| svayaM AcArya haribhadra ko bhI isa vidveSa bhAvanA ke kAraNa apane do 37 Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA- 421 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #405
ziSyoM kA viyoga sahanA par3A thA / haribhadra kI mahAnatA aura dharma evaM darzana ke kSetra meM unake avadAna kA samyak mUlyAMkana to unake yuga kI ina viSama paristhitiyoM ke pariprekSya meM hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| AcArya haribhadra kI mahAnatA to isI meM nihita hai ki unhoMne zuSka vAgjAla tathA ghRNA evaM vidveSa kI una viSama paristhitiyoM meM bhI samabhAva, satyaniSThA, udAratA, samanvayazIlatA aura sahiSNutA kA paricaya diyaa| yahA~ yaha avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki samanvayazIlatA aura udAratA ke ye guNa unheM jaina- darzana kI anekAntadRSTi ke mAdhyama se virAsata meM mile the, phira bhI unhoMne apane jIvana - vyavahAra aura sAhitya-sRjana meM ina guNoM ko jisa zAlInatA ke sAtha AtmasAt kiyA thA, vaise udAharaNa svayaM jaina - paramparA meM bhI virala hI haiM / "38 379 hama pUrva meM AcArya haribhadra ke jIvana - vRttAnta aura unake dvArA likhe gae granthoM kA tathA usameM bhI vizeSa rupa se unake dhyAna tathA yoga - sambandhI granthoM kA varNana kara cuke haiM, phira bhI yahA~ haribhadrayuga ke prasaMga meM hama paM. sukhalAlajI kI 'samadarzI AcArya haribhadra' DaoN. sAgaramala jaina 'paMcAzaka - prakaraNa kI bhUmikA' evaM 'AcArya haribhadra kA avadAna' sAdhvI priyadarzanAjI kI "jaina - sAdhanA paddhati meM dhyAnayoga' aura sAdhvI uditaprabhAjI kI 'jainadharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsa krama' Adi pustakoM ko AdhAra banAkara saMkSipta meM unake dhyAna tathA yoga saMbaMdhI granthoM ko prastuta kreNge| AcArya haribhadra ne jaina AgamoM para aneka TIkAe~, vRttiyA~ Adi likhIM aura sAtha hI sAtha unhoMne jainayoga para svatantra sAhitya kI racanA bhI kI thI, jaise yogadRSTisamuccaya, yogabindu, yogaviMzikA, yogazataka Adi / 1. yogadRSTisamuccaya prastuta grantha saMskRta- bhASA meM likhA huA hai| isake 227 padya haiN| isameM sabase pahale yoga-sAdhanA meM vikAsa hetu tIna alaga-alaga staroM para yogasAdhanA 38 paMcAzaka prakaraNa - DaoN. dInAnAtha zarmA, pustaka kI bhUmikA ( DaoN.sAgaramala jaina) se uddhRta, pR.8 For Personal & Private Use Only -

Page #406
380 para prakAza DAlA gayA hai-1. icchAyoga, 2. zAstrayoga aura 3. sAmarthyayoga 39 1. icchAyoga - icchAyoga, arthAt jo sAdhaka apane nijasvarupa kI pratIti kI icchA rakhanevAlA hotA hai, jina-AgamoM kA zravaNa karatA hai, pariNAma svarupa yogamArga para pravRtta to ho jAtA hai, parantu Alasya, pramAda ke kAraNa yogopalabdhi se vaMcita rahatA hai, yaha yogasAdhanA kA pahalA stara hai| 2. zAstrayoga - zAstrayoga, arthAt zraddhA bhAva se yukta, pramAda se rahita, AgamoM meM ullekhita vidhi ke anusAra jo sAdhaka ArAdhanA-sAdhanA karatA hai, usakA yoga avikala akhaNDatA ke kAraNa nirantara gatimAna rahatA hai, vaha zAstrayoga hai| yaha yogasAdhanA kA dUsarA stara hai| 3. sAmarthyayoga - sAmarthyayoga, arthAt zakti ke udreka-jAgaraNa prabalatA ke kAraNa jisakA viSaya zAstra se bhI atikrAnta hai, utkRSTa hai, vaha uttamottama yoga sAmarthyayoga kahA jAtA hai| yaha yoga sAdhanA kA antima stara hai| sAmarthyayoga hI sAdhaka ko sarvajJatA yA AtmAnubhUti ko prApta karavAtA hai| sAmarthyayoga bhI do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai -1. dharmasanyAsayoga aura 2.yogsnyaas| 40 yaha dharmasanyAsayoga apUrvakaraNa arthAt granthibheda ke samaya zreNI car3hAte samaya siddha hotA hai aura dUsarA yogasanyAsa Ayojya karma ke bAda ghaTita hotA hai| isake bAda AcArya haribhadra ne Atma-vikAsa ke taratama bhAvoM se yukta ATha prakAra kI yogadRSTiyoM kA varNana kiyA ina ATha yogadRSTiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM - 1.mitrA, 2. tArA, 3. balA, 4. dIprA, 5. sthirA, 6.kAntA, 7.prabhA aura 8. parA / AcArya haribhadra ne yogadRSTiyoM ke svarupa kA varNana karate hue kahA hai -"sadRSTA puruSa kI dRSTi bodha-jyoti kI vizadatA ke vikAsa kI apekSA se ghAsa, kaNDe tathA kASTha ke agnikaNa dIpaka kI prabhA, ratna, tAre, sUrya aura candra kI AbhA ke sadRza kramazaH mitrA, tArA, balA, dIprA, kartumicchoH zrutArthasya jJAnino'pi prmaadtH| vikalodharmayogo yaH sa icchAyoga ucyte|| zAstrayogasviha jJeyo yathAzaktyapramAdinaH / zrAddhasya tIvrabodhena vcsaa'viklstthaa|| zAstrasandarzitopAyastadatikrAntagocaraH / zaktyurekAdvizeSeNa sAmarthyAkhyo'yamuttamaH / / -yogadRSTisamuccaya 3-5 40 dvidhA'yaM dharmasanyAsa-yogasaMnyAsasaMjJitaH ... || - yogadRSTisamuccaya, 9 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #407
381 sthirA, kAntA, prabhA aura parA-rupa meM ATha prakAra kI haiN| ina yogadRSTiyoM kI vistAra se carcA karane ke bAda grantha ke anta meM yoga ke adhikArI kA varNana karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki sAdhaka yama-niyama Adi yogAMgoM ke abhyAsI tathA kheda, udvega Adi doSoM se rahita 2 samabhAva, gotrayogI, kulayogI, pravRttacakrayogI, siddhayogI hI yogAdhikAra ko prApta karate haiN| AcArya haribhadra ne isa grantha para vRtti bhI likhI hai, jo 1175 zloka-parimANa hai| 2. yogabindu - saMskRta bhASA meM likhA gayA yaha yogabindu grantha AcArya haribhadrasUri kI dUsarI kRti hai| yaha 527 padya se yukta tathA anuSTupa chanda meM nibaddha hai| AcArya haribhadra ne yoga ko mokSa kA hetu batAte hue kahA hai -yoga hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai aura vaha zuddha jJAna aura anubhava Azrita hai| yoga ke svAmI do prakAra ke hote haiM -1. caramAvarttavartI aura 2. acrmaavrttvrtii| isameM mokSa kA adhikArI to caramAvarttavartI hI hai, kyoMki vaha usI Avarta mokSa prApta karatA hai| saMsAra kA adhikArI bhavAbhinandI kahalAtA hai| cAritra-guru se yukta sAdhaka yoga kA adhikArI mAnA jAtA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne prastuta grantha meM yoga kA prabhAva, adhyAtma, loka, prakRti, yoga kI bhUmikA ke rupa meM pUrvasenA, viSAnuSThAna, garAnuSThAna, anAnuSThAna, taddhetu-anuSThAna, amRtAnuSThAna Adi asad tathA sad-anuSThAnoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isa grantha meM haribhadra ne samyaktva upalabdhi, virati, japa, SaDAvazyaka, siddhagati, nijasvarupa kI vivecanA, kAryasiddhi meM samabhAva, kAlAdi pA~ca kAraNoM kA balAbala, mahezvaravAdI aura puruSAdvaitavAdI ke matabhedoM kA khaNDana Adi kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai, sAtha hI sAtha 'jainettara-paramparAgata yogoM kA tulanAtmaka tathA samIkSAtmaka vivecana bhI bahuta hI mArmika rupa se kiyA hai| 'sadyogacintAmaNi' nAmaka vRtti 4" tRnngomykaasstthaagniknndiipprbhopmaa| ratnatArArkacandrAbhA sdRsstterdRssttirssttdhaa|| - vahI, 15 ' prastuta zlokArtha 'jaina yoga grantha catuSTaya' -saM. DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI, se uddhRta pra. 5 42 yamAdiyogayuktAnAM khedAdiparihArataH / / - vahI, 16 pR. 5 43 mokSahetutvamevAsya kiMtu yatnena dhIdhanai ....... || - yogabindu, zloka-4 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #408
382 3620 zloka-parimANa vAlI hai jo yogabindu grantha ke viSayoM ke adhika spaSTIkaraNa ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| 3. yogaviMzikA - AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA viracita mAtra bIsa gAthAoM kA yaha alpakAyI grantha atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai, kyoMki isameM yoga ko eka naI dizA milI hai| yaha prAkRtabhASIya grantha hai tathA isa grantha ke antargata yoga ke assI bhedoM kA varNana hai| isameM mana-vacana-kAya kI pravRtti yogarupa hai, isa paramparAgata paribhASA ke sthAna para AcAryazrI ne mokSa se jor3ane meM sahAyaka vizuddha dharma-vyApAra ko yoga kahA hai,45 tatpazcAt sthAna (Asana), UrNa, artha, Alambana aura anAlambana -ina pA~ca bhedoM kI carcA kI hai| yaha unakI apanI maulika dena hai| isase pahale inakA kisI bhI jaina grantha meM ullekha nahIM milatA hai| prastuta grantha meM sthAna aura UrNa ko karmayoga tathA artha, Alambana aura anAlambana ko jJAnayoga kahA gayA hai|46 Age, icchAsaMjJaka, pravRttisaMjJaka, sthiratA aura siddhiyoga' -ina cAra yoga aMgoM kA tathA caityavaMdana-sUtra ke padoM kA vAstavika jJAna kaba, kisako, kaise prApta hotA hai, usakA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| tadanantara; prIti, bhakti, Agama aura asaMga -ina cAra anuSThAnoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta kRti kI antima do gAthAoM meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki dhyAna Alambana tathA anAlambana rupa se do bheda vAlA hai| Alambana yoga sthUla dhyAnavAlA tathA anAlambana-yoga sUkSmadhyAna vAlA hai aura anAlambanayoga kI upalabdhi ke binA mokSa saMbhava nahIM hai| - yogaviMzikA-1 - vahI-2 4" prastuta saMdarbha 'paMcAzaka-prakaraNa' pustaka kI bhUmikA se uddhRta 45 mokkheNa joyaNAo jogo savvovi dhmmvaavaaro| parisuddho vinneo ThANAigao visesennN|| 46 ThANunnatthAlaMbaNa-rahio tantammi paMcahA eso| dugamittha kamma yogo tahA tiyaM naannjogou|| 47 tajjuttakahApIIha saMgayA viprinnaaminniiicchaa| savvatthusamasAraM tappAlaNamo pvttiiu|| taha ceva eyabAhaga-cintArahiyaM thirattaNaM neyN| salaM parattha sAhaga-rUvaM puNa hoi siddhi ti|| 48 arihaMtaceiyANaM karemi ............ ciMtiyavvamiNaM / / - vahI, 10-13 49 eyaM ca pIibhattAgamANugaM taha asaMgayA jutt| neyaM caubviha khalu eso caramo havai jogo|| -yogaviMzikA, 5-6 - vahI, 18 For Personal & Private Use Only

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383 4. yogazataka - 'yogazataka' AcArya haribhadrasUrikRta yoga-sambandhI eka anya grantha hai| isa grantha kA gAthA parimANa 101 hai| yaha prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai| yoga sambandhI isa mahattvapUrNa grantha meM sarvaprathama granthakAra ne caramatIrthapati bhagavAn mahAvIra ko namana kara yoga ke sparupa ko nizcayadRSTi aura vyavahAradRSTi se pratipAdita kiyaa| tatpazcAt, gAthA kramAMka-8 se 32 taka yoga ke adhikArI, apunarbandhaka Adi kI pahacAna, sAmAyika, zuddhi-azuddhi aura adhikArI bheda (tIna zreNI tathA gRhIsAdhaka) kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tadanantara, AcAryazrI ne sAdhu-sAmAcArI, upadeza, arati-nivAraNa, nUtana-abhyAsI kI mukhya-caryA, karmaprasaMga, doSa-cintana, saccintana, AhAra, yaugika-labdhiyA~, manobhAva kA vaiziSTya, vikAsakAla-jJAna tathA anazana-zuddhi meM AtmaparAkrama Adi viSayoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| 2 caramagAthA ke antima do caraNoM meM 'bhavaviraho' zabda dvArA do bAtoM kI sUcanA milatI hai| eka to bhava, arthAt saMsAra-cakra se viraha aura dUsare granthakAra ke abhidhAna kI suucnaa| jJAtavya hai ki samadarzIyAkinIsUno haribhadra apane grantha kI pUrNatA para antima gAthA meM 'bhavaviraha' zabda kA prayoga avazya karate the| paM. sukhalAlajI dvArA likhita 'samadarzI AcArya haribhadra' pustaka meM yogazataka ke paricaya meM likhA gayA hai ki -"yogazataka meM jainoM kA dhArmika-jIvana hI kendritaviSaya rahA hai| jisa prakAra vaidika-paramparA meM brahmacarya, gArhastha, vAnaprastha evaM saMnyAsa - ye cAra Azrama haiM, usI prakAra jaina-jIvanazailI meM bhI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI cAra kramika bhUmikAe~ rahI haiN| jaba kisI vyakti kI dRSTi mokSAbhimukha hotI hai, taba vaha mokSa mArga meM praveza kA adhikArI hogA - yaha jainatva kI prathama 50 nicchao iha jogo .... vihipaDisehesu jaha sttii|| - yogazataka, 2 se 5 51 ahigAriNo upAeNa. ........ | |yogazataka, 8 se 32 2 yogazataka, gAthA 33 se 100 taka 3 eso cciya bhavaviraho, siddhIe sayA avirhoy|| - vahI, 101 For Personal & Private Use Only

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384 bhUmikA hai| isakA pAribhASika nAma apunarbandhaka hai| mokSa ke prati sahaja-ruci, usakI yathAzakti samajha - yaha samyagdRSTi nAma kI dUsarI bhUmikA hai| ___jaba taka ruci-samajha AMzika rupa se jIvana meM utaratI hai taba dezavirati nAma kI tIsarI bhUmikA hai aura isase Age jaba sampUrNa rupa se tyAga kI kalA vikasita hone lagatI hai, taba sarvavirati nAma kI cauthI bhUmikA AtI hai|"54 jisane abhI dharma kI saccI bhUmikA kA sparza nahIM kiyA, unake lie alaga vidhAna bhI isa grantha meM batAe gae haiN| 'dharmabindu, 'zAstravArtAsamuccaya' Adi granthoM meM bhI yoga kA varNana milatA hai| 'dhyAnazatakavRtti' meM Arta, raudra, dharma aura zukla-dhyAna kA gambhIra evaM vistArapUrvaka vivecana hai| dhyAna kA yaha gambhIra vivecana hI mere zodhakArya kA viSaya banA hai| jJAnArNava aura yogazAstra kA yuga (IsA kI 11 vI evaM 12 vIM zatI) jJAnArNava aura yogazAstra kA kAla IsA kI gyArahavIM zatI se bArahavIM zatI taka mAnA jAtA hai| dhyAna aura yoga ke sandarbha meM AcArya zubhacandra aura kalikAla sarvajJa hemacandrAcArya kA nAma yoga ke mahAna lekhakoM ke rupa meM vizeSa rupa se ullekhanIya rahA hai| zubhacandrAcArya kA jJAnArNava aura hemacandrAcArya kA yogazAstra dhyAna evaM yoga viSaya kI prasiddha kRtiyA~ haiM, jo jainavAD.maya kI amUlya-nidhi mAnI jA sakatI haiN| 54 samadarzI haribhadrasUri / / saM. jinvijymuni|| pustaka se saMdarbha uddhRta hai| pR. 73 For Personat & Private Use Only

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385 zubhacandrAcArya kA jIvana-paricaya : AcArya zubhacandra janma se hI mahAna pratibhAsampanna kavi the| jaina itihAsa meM zubhacandra ke nAma vAle bahuta se vidvAna AcArya hue haiM, lekina yahA~ hama una zubhacandra kI carcA kara rahe haiM, jo jJAnArNava ke rupa meM dhyAna evaM yoga ke kSetra meM viziSTa khyAti prApta kara cuke haiN| AcAryazrI kA janma kaba aura kahA~ huA ? unhoMne saMyama kahA~, kaise liyA? saMyama-jIvana kA adhikAMza samaya kahA~ vyatIta kiyA aura kauna-kaunase kSetroM meM vicaraNa rahA ? sAtha hI unakI guru-paramparA kyA thI ? unake mAtA-pitA kauna the? ina saba tathyoM ke saMdarbha meM koI pramANa nahIM milatA hai| jJAnArNava jaise vizAlakAya grantha meM bhI unhoMne apane bAre meM kahIM koI saMketa nahIM diyaa| AcArya zubhacandra ke jIvana-vRtta ke sandarbha meM aneka vidvAnoM kI bhinna-bhinna vicAra-dhArAe~ haiN| kucha vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki ye dhArAnagarI ke rAjA bhoja ke kAla meM hue hoMge, kyoMki mahAn kavirAja bhartRhari ke sAtha unakA koI na koI saMbaMdha jarura rahA hogA, kyoMki bhartRhari dvArA viracita "vairAgyazataka' tathA zubhacandra dvArA viracita jJAnArNava ke padyoM meM paryApta samAnatA dikhAI detI hai| kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki vizvabhUSaNa-bhaTTAraka dvArA racita "bhaktAmara carita utthAnikA' ke antargata AcArya zubhacandra ke jIvana ke saMbaMdha meM kucha saMketa jarura milate haiM; parantu ve bhI prAmANika nahIM hai| ___ kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha mata hai ki AcArya zubhacandra ke jIvana-prasaMgoM kA ullekha zilAlekhoM meM, granthoM kI prazastiyoM meM bhI anupalabdha hai| yahA~ taka ki hamane pUrva meM sUcita kiyA ki jJAnArNava jaise mahanIya kRti meM bhI unake jIvana paricaya kA abhAva hai| 55 prastuta saMdarbha 'jainadharma meM dhyAna kA aitihAsika vikAsakrama' -DaoN. uditaprabhA, pustaka se khaMDa-6, pR.3 56 'jainadharma ke prabhAvaka AcArya' pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 676 For Personal & Private Use Only

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386 jJAnArNava (pIThikA) ke prathama sarga ke solahaveM zloka meM zubhacandrAcArya, jinasena AcArya ko sammAnapUrvaka smaraNa karate hue kahate haiM ki -siddhAnta, nyAya aura vyAkaraNa ke pAraMgata vidvAna bhI jinasenAcArya ke sAnnidhya ko pAnA apanA ahobhAgya samajhate tathA unake vacanAmRta ko AdarapUrvaka svIkAra karate haiN| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki zubhacandra jinasena ke paravartI the| ataH inakA kAla IsA kI 11 vIM 12 vIM zatAbdI hI prAmANika. lagatA hai| jJAnArNava meM dhyAna-yoga - yathA nAma tathA guNa ke anurupa prastuta grantha meM, pAThakoM ko aneka viSayoM kA jJAna prApta ho -isa apekSA se jJAnArNava jJAna kA samudra hI pratIta hotA hai| granthakAra svayaM ne ise 'dhyAnazAstra' ke nAma se bhI sambodhita kiyaa| yaha nAma bhI saMgata lagatA hai, kyoMki isakA mukhya viSaya dhyAna hI hai aura isameM dhyAna ke antargata hI vibhinna viSayoM kA varNana milatA hai| isake pratyeka sarga ke anta meM puSpikA ke rupa meM 'yogapradIpAdhikAra' nAma milatA hai| yoga aura dhyAna samAna artha vAle zabda haiN| jJAnArNava grantha kI prastAvanA meM spaSTa rupa se kahA gayA hai -prastuta grantha dhyAnayoga ke saMdarbha meM dIpaka dikhalAne kA kAma karatA hai, ataH ise 'yogapradIpAdhikAra' kahane se bhI usakI sArthakatA pragaTa hotI hai| dhyAna kI viziSTatA se yukta yaha jJAnArNava 39 sargoM meM baMTA huA hai| yaha grantha anuSTupa, mAlinI, stragdharA, zikhariNI, maMdAkrAntA, indravrajA, zArdUlavikrIr3ita Adi vibhinna chandoM meM praNIta hai| prastuta grantha sarasatA, praur3hatA, gaMbhIratA aura adbhuta " jayanti jinasenasya vAcastraividyavanditAH / yogibhiryAH samAsAdya skhalitaM naatmnishcye|| - jJAnArNava, 1/16 58 jJAnArNavamimaM vakSye satAmAnandamandiram / / jJAnAvarNasya mAhAtmyaM citte ....|| - jJAnArNava, zloka 1 aura 2230 59 iti jinapati sUtrAtsAramuddhRtya kiMcit, svamativibhavayogyaM dhyAnazAstraM prnniit| - vahI 2229 6 prastuta sandarbha "jJAnArNava" pra. jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha solApura, kI prastAvanA se uddhRta, pR. 17 For Personal & Private Use Only

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387 samanvayazIlatA kA dyotaka hai| isameM padyoM ke sAtha-sAtha kahIM-kahIM gadyAtmaka zailI kA bhI sammizraNa dikhAI detA hai| grantha kI viSaya-vastu kA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai - sarvaprathama pIThikA meM maMgalAcaraNa ke rupa meM AdinAtha, candraprabha, zAntinAtha aura vardhamAna paramAtmA kA smaraNa evaM stuti karake usake pazcAt dhyAna-siddhi hetu indrabhUti ko namana kiyA gayA hai| Age samantabhadra, devanandI, jinasena, akalaMkabhaTTa, Adi ke kIrtana evaM abhivAdana ke sAtha hI grantha-sRjana hetu ko prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| grantha kI bhUmikA meM grantha-sRjana ke guNAvaguNoM para vicAra-vimarza kiyA gayA - dUsare sarga kA viSaya 'dvAdaza bhAvanA hai| yaha sarga 193 zloka-parimANa vAlA hai| isa sarga ke antargata dvAdaza bhAvanAoM kA mahattva, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA kA svarupa, unake bheda, prabheda aura unake phala kA nirupaNa kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt, dharma kI zreSThatA, loka tathA ratnatraya kA varNana karake anta meM mokSa kI durlabhatA aura dvAdaza bhAvanAoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| 2 prastuta grantha ke tIsare sarga kI viSaya-vastu 'dhyAnalakSaNa' hai| yaha sarga mAtra chattIsa zloka-parimANa hai| isameM manuSya paryAya kI durlabhatA tathA dharma, artha kAma aura mokSa - ina cAra puruSArthoM kA varNana hai, sAtha hI mokSa kA svarupa aura usakI prApti ke upAya, dhyAna kI sAmagrI, dhyAna ke tIna prakAra tathA unake phala kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 3 cauthe sarga kA nAma 'dhyAnaguNadoSa' hai| isa sarga kA sATha zloka- parimANa hai| isameM dhyAna ke bheda evaM dhyAtA ke guNoM kA ullekha hai, sAtha hI yaha batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhaka ghara meM rahakara dhyAnasiddhi nahIM kara sktaa| mithyAtva se yukta sAdhaka bhI dhyAnasiddhi nahIM kara sakatA hai| usake bAda, " jJAnalakSmIghanAzleSa ......... iha sukRtI muhayati janaH / / - jJAnArNava, 1sarga, zloka 1 aura 49, pR. 4-22 62 saMgaiH kiM na viSAdyate vapuridaM .........yogIzvarANAM mude / / - vahI, 2sarga, zloka 50-246, pR. 23-85 63 asminnanAdisaMsAre durantesAravarjite...... shivpdmyaanndnilym| - vahI, usarga, zloka 247-283 pR. 86-96 For Personal & Private Use Only

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388 mithyAdarzana ke bheda dhyAtA ke zaMkAdi doSa batalAe haiM aura kahA hai ki mithyAdRSTi sAdhaka na to dhyAna, na hI sva-para viveka aura na koI tapa kara sakatA haiN|64 pA~cavAM sarga 'yogiprazaMsA' nAma vAlA hai| jisameM yogiyoM ke svarupa jaise - mana kI sthiratA, tapa, niHsaMgatA, pavitra-AcaraNa Adi guNoM kA nirupaNa kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI aise yogiyoM kI prazaMsA bhI kI gaI hai| isa sarga meM unatIsa zloka haiN| 'darzanavizuddhi' nAmaka chaThavAM sarga aTThAvana zloka-parimANa vAlA hai| isake antargata kahA hai ki samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra se hI mokSa saMbhava hai| tadanantara, samyagdarzana kA svarupa, usake bheda evaM doSoM kI carcA kI gaI hai, sAtha hI isameM jIva, ajIvAdi sAta tattvoM meM se jIva, ajIva aura bandha kA varNana hai| sAtaveM sarga meM samyagjJAna kA lakSaNa, bheda, kevalajJAna kA svarupa tathA usakI mahattA kA varNana hai| 7 'ahiMsAvata' nAmaka AThavAM sarga hai, isameM samyakacAritra kA svarupa evaM usake bheda, ahiMsAdi vratoM kA svarupa, unakA phala, hiMsA ke bheda, ahiMsA kI stavanA, hiMsA ke vikarAla svarupa tathA ahiMsA ke phala kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isa sarga ke sattAvana zloka haiN|68 ___nauveM sarga se bAIsaveM sarga taka kramazaH satyavrata, cauryaparihAra, kAmaprakopa, strIsvarupa, maithunasaMsarga, vRddhasevA, parigrahadoSa, AzApizAcinI, akSayaviSayanirodha, tritattva, mano- vyApArapratipAdana, rAgAdinivAraNa aura sAmyavaibhava Adi viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 64 yaccaturdhA mataM tajjhaiH ....na dhyAnaM na vivecanaM na ca tapaH kartuvarAkAH kssmaaH| -vahI, 4sarga, zloka 284-353, pR. 97-122 65 artha nirNItatattvArthA dhanyAH ......purUSa / dhanyAstu te durlbhaaH|| - vahI, 5sarga, zloka 354-382, pra.123-133 66 suprayuktaiH svayaM sAkSAt ....darzanAkhyaM sudhaambu|| - vahI, 6sarga, zloka 383-448, pR. 133-158 67 trikAla gocarAnantaguNa .....nocchinttyndhkaarm|| - vahI, 7sarga, zloka 449-471, pR. 158-168 68 yadvizuddheH paradhAma ......viddhayahiMsA pradhAnam / / - vahI, 8 sarga, zloka 472-530, pR. 168-187 For Personal & Private Use Only

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389 teIsaveM sarga kA nAma 'ArtadhyAna' hai| isa sarga meM dhyAnasamatA kA hetu, zubha- dhyAna kA phala, azubha-dhyAna ke pariNAma, dhyAna ke bheda, ArtadhyAna ke bheda tathA usake svarupa aura pariNAma kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| yaha sarga ikatAlIsa zloka-parimANa vAlA hai| caubIsaveM sarga meM raudradhyAna, usake svarupa, bheda aura usake pariNAma kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| paccIsaveM sarga se lekara ar3atIsaveM sarga taka dharmadhyAna ke sandarbha meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| aba Age kaunase-kaunase sarga kA kyA-kyA nAma hai, kitane zloka -parimANa haiM ? unakI viSaya-vastu kyA hai ? Adi kI sUcI jJAnArNava grantha ke AdhAra para isa prakAra hai - / sarga kA nAma sarga viSaya-vastu sampUrNa pR.saMkhyA sakha zlokAMka zloka parimANa 25 | dhyAnaviruddhasthAna 35 26 | prANAyAma 141 1 27 14 pratyAhAra 28 | savIryadhyAna 29 | zuddhopayogavicAra 38 104 30 | AjJAvicaya 31 | apAyavicaya 32 | vipAkavicaya | 33 | saMsthAnavicaya PIRI dharmadhyAna kI praMzasA, dhyAtA ke guNa, prabhAvanA, phala, dhyAna hetu 1267-1301 | 437-445 sthAna Adi dhyAna hetu sthAna, Asana, dizA, yogyatA, prANAyAma ke svarupa, | 1302-1455 | 447-486 phalAdi pratyAhAra kA svarupa, prANAyAma pratyAhAra se kaniSTha 1456-1469 1488-492 | dhyAnAbhimukha muni ke vicAra, dhyAna, AtmA dhyeya kA svarupa phalAdi | 1470-1512 | 493-5051 AtmA ke 3 prakAra, paramAtmA kA svarupa, phala, baMdhamokSa kA kAraNa, 1513-1616 | 506-535 ajJAnI, AtmajJAnI kI tulanA . yogI ke citta kI caMcalatA kA kAraNa, dharmadhyAna kI AvazyakatA, | 1617-1639 1 536-542 dharmadhyAna ke bheda, AjJAvicaya kA svarupa, zrutajJAna kA svarupa apAyavicaya dhyAna kA svarupa 1640-1657 ] 543-548 | vipAkavicaya dhyAna kA svarupa 1658-1688 549-558 | loka, naraka,madhyaloka kA svarupa, nArakI ke manogata vicAra, naraka | 1689-1876 | 559-604 kI bhayAnakatA, devalokasukha aura saMsthAnavicaya-dhyAna dhyAna ke4 bheda, dhAraNA, pArthivI, AgneyI, mArutI, vAruNI, tattva | 1877-1909 | 605-613 rupavatI aura dhyAna kA phala | padasthadhyAna kA lakSaNa, phala, maMtrarAja kA svarupa, phala, vividha | 1910-2079 | 614-645 vidyAoM ke phala, dhyAnaphalAdi sarvajJa kA svarupa, unake dhyAna kA phala 2080-2111 1646-657 rAgI ke dhyAna kA prakAra, sat asat dhyAna ke pariNAma, rupAtIta | 2112-2139 | 658-666 dhyAna kA svarupa evaM phala manorodha kA upadeza, zukladhyAna aura usake adhikArI, dharmadhyAna kA | 2140-2230 | 668-675 phala ___ 179 34 | piNDasthadhyAna | 35 | padasthadhyAna 117 36 | rupasthadhyAna rupAtIta 37 | 38 | dharmadhyAnaphala 69 sAmyazrI tiniHshk...........shrutdhrairdhyaavrnnitaanisphuttm|| - vahI, 23 sarga, zloka 1180-1222, pR. 409-422 For Personal & Private Use Only

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390 39 veM sarga kA nAma 'zukladhyAnaphala' hai| yaha bayAsI zloka-parimANa hai| isakI viSaya -vastu zukladhyAna se saMbaMdhita hai| zukladhyAna ke svarupa kA aura zukladhyAnI kA varNana karate hue granthakAra ne kahA hai -"jo citta kriyA se rahita, indriyoM se atIta aura dhyAna-dhAraNA se vihIna hokara antarmukha ho jAtA hai, samasta saMkalpa-vikalpoM se rahita hokara Atmasvarupa meM lIna ho jAtA hai| 70 Age zukladhyAna kA adhikArI kauna ho sakatA hai, zukladhyAna ke lakSaNa, bheda aura phala kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tadanantara samudghAta-prakriyA, zukladhyAna kA prabhAva, Atmika-sukha kI vizeSatA ke ullekha ke sAtha hI grantha-prazasti meM granthakAra kahate haiM -"isa prakAra se maiMne kucha uttama vargoM ke dvArA saMkSepa meM dhyAna ke phala ko batAyA hai| yadi koI pUrNa rupa se isake kathana meM samartha hai, to ve vIra prabhu hI haiN| maiMne jinAgama se kucha sArarupa meM uddhRta karake apane buddhivaibhava ke anusAra isa dhyAnazAstra kI racanA kI hai| jo citta meM, jJAnArNava ke mAhAtmya kA vedana karatA hai, vaha dustara bhavArNava se pAra ho jAtA hai|71 hemacandrAcArya kA jIvana paricaya - ___ mAtA-pitA dvArA pradatta hemacandrAcArya kA nAma caMgadeva thaa| inakA janmasthala gujarAta ke antargata dhandhukA nAmaka nagara thaa| vikrama saMvat 11452 kI kArtika mAsa kI pUnama kI madhyarAtri meM inakA janma huA thaa| inakI mAtA kA nAma pAhinI tathA pitA kA nAma cAciga thaa| yaha mor3ha vaMzI vaNik the| inake mAmA kA nAma neminAga thaa| yaha kahA jAtA hai ki 70 prastuta saMdarbha 'jJAnArNava' pustaka kI prastAvanA se uddhRta, pR. 34 71 ka) iti jinapati sUtrAtsAramud dhRtya kiMcit svamativibhavayogyaM dhyAnazAstraM prnniitm| vibudhamunimanISAmbhodhi candrAyamaNaM caratu bhuvi vibhUtyai yaavddriindrcndraan|| - jJAnArNava.... || vahI. sarga 39, zloka 181, pR. 700 kha) vahI, sarga:39, 181/1, pR. 700 72 vara-vedezzare (3145) varSe kArtike puurnnimaanishi| 8501 - prabhAvaka carita pR. 212 73 ekadA neminAgamAmA zrAvakaH samutthAya zrI devacandrasurIn jagau bhagavan / ayaM moThajJAtIyo madbhaginI pAhiNikukSi bhUH DhakkaracAciganaMdanazcAMgadeva nAmAH / / - prabandhakoza, pR. 47, paMkti 5-6 For Personal & Private Use Only

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391 hemacandrAcArya ke mAtA-pitA bhinna-bhinna dharmAvalaMbI the| mAtA jainadharmAvalambI thI, tathA pitA zaivadharmAvalambI the| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne apane abhinandana grantha ke eka Alekha AcArya :hemacandra : eka yugapuruSa' meM likhA hai -Aja bhI gujarAta kI isa moDhavaNik jAti meM vaiSNava aura jaina-donoM dharmoM ke anuyAyI pAe jAte haiM, ataH hemacandra ke pitA cAciga ke zaivadharmAvalambI aura mAtA pAhinI ke jainadharmAvalambI hone meM koI virodha nahIM hai, kyoMki prAcInakAla se hI bhAratavarSa meM aise aneka parivAra rahe haiM, jinake sadasya bhinna-bhinna dharmoM ke anuyAyI hote the| sambhavataH pitA ke zaivadharmAvalaMbI aura mAtA ke jainadharmAvalambI hone ke kAraNa hI hemacandrAcArya ke jIvana meM dhArmika-samanvayazIlatA ke bIja adhika vikasita ho ske| eka dina devacandrAcArya kI najara usa tejasvI bAlaka caMgadeva (hemacandra) para pdd'ii| unhoMne apane jJAnabala ke dvArA bAlaka meM chipI mahAn pratibhA ko dekhA aura bAlyAvasthA meM dIkSita karake Agama-sAhitya Adi kA adhyayana krvaayaa| hemacandrAcArya kI guruparamparA ko lekara kAphI matabheda hai| 'prabhAvaka-caritra' nAmaka grantha ke AdhAra para candragaccha ke AcArya pradyumnasUri ke ziSya devacandrasUri aura devacandrasUri ke ziSya hemacandrasUri the|' 'prabandhakoza' meM yaha pramANa milatA hai ki hemacandrAcArya pUrNatallagacchIya the| inakI guru-paramparA isa prakAra hai - pUrNatallagacchIya zrI dattasUri . yazobhadra pradyumnasUri guNasenasUri devacandrasUri tathA unake ziSya hemacandrasUri the| 74 15 prastuta vAkyAMza 'DaoN.sAgaramala jaina abhinaMdana graMtha' se uddhRta khaMDa-6 (jainavidyA ke AyAma) pR. 688 cAMdragacchasaraH padma tatrAste maNDitau guNaiH / pradyumnasUriziSyaH zrI devcNdmuniishvrH| - prabhAvakacaritra pR.183 For Personal & Private Use Only

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392 'kumArapAlapratibodha' meM bhI isa bAta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai ki hemacandrAcArya pUrNatallagaccha ke the|" 'triSaSTizalAkA puruSa carita' ke antargata hemacandra ko koTika gaNa kI vajIyazAkhA kA AcArya mAnA gayA hai, kintu isase guru-paramparA meM koI antara nahIM AtA hai|" hemacandrAcArya ke pracaNDa vaiduSya kI jhalaka unake dvArA viracita sAhitya kAvya, chanda, koza, kathA, yoga Adi ke aneka granthoM meM dekhane ko milatI hai| _ 'prabhAvaka-carita' grantha ke antargata hemacandrAcArya ke lagabhaga sabhI mukhya-mukhya granthoM ke nAma ullekhita haiN| vilakSaNa pratibhA ke dhanI hemacandrAcArya dvArA racita granthoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - 1. siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana - . kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandra kA yaha grantha vyAkaraNa para AdhArita hai| gujarAta nareza siddharAja jayasiMha ke anurodha se yaha grantha racA gyaa| prastuta vyAkaraNa-zAstra ATha adhyAya se yukta hai| prathama sAta adhyAya meM saMskRta tathA AThaveM adhyAya meM prAkRta bhASA kA vyAkaraNa hai| isa grantha ke pUrNatallagacche zrIdattasUri...zrIyazobhadasUriH iti naam| tadIyapaTTe pradyumnasUrinthakAraH / tatpade zrI guNasenasUri....guNasenapaTTe zrIdevacaMdasUrayaH ....... -prabandhakoza pR. 46-47 asi bhamarahio punnatalla guruu-gcch-dum-kusum-gucche| samaya mayaraMda-sArI siridatta gurU surahi saalo|| - kumArapAlapratibodha, prastAvanA pR. 115 triSaSTi zalAkA purUSa prazasti - 5, 8-15 vyAkaraNaM paMcAga pramANazAstraM pramANa miimaaNsaa| chaMdo'laMkRti cUDAmaNI ca zAstre vibhuLadhita / / 834 || ekArthAnekArthA dezyA nirghaNTu iti ca ctvaarH| vihitAzca nAmakozAH zuci kavitAnadhupAdhyAyAH / 1835 / / . vyuttaraSaSTizalAkAnarettivRttaM gRhivrtvicaare| adhyAtmayogazAstraM vidadhe jagadupakRtividhitsuH / / 836 || lakSaNa-sAhityaguNaM vidadhe ca dvayAzrayaM mhaakaavym| cakre viMzatimuccaiH savItarAgastavAnAM ca / / 837 / / iti tadvihitagranthasaMkhyaiva nahi vidyte| nAmApi na vidantyeSAM mAdRzA mandamedhasaH / / 838 || -prabhAvakacarita .211 For Personal & Private Use Only

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saMskRta - vyAkaraNa meM 4791 sUtra haiM / prAkRta bhASA ke vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM kI saMkhyA 1119 hai| sUtroM kA nirmANa sarala bhASA meM kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha zAkaTAyana - vyAkaraNa kI bahulatA vAlA hai| isakI mukhya viSayavastu pAMca prakAra kI hai, yathA uNAdipATha, gaNapATha, dhAtupATha liMgAnuzAsana, vRtti| saMskRta-prAkRta- bhASA ke sammizraNa vAlA yaha vyAkaraNa atyanta upayogI, sarasa, subodha hai| 2. koza -- abhidhAna cintAmaNi, anekArthasaMgraha, nighaNTu aura dezInAmamAlA ina cAroM koza ke racayitA hemacandrAcArya haiN| inameM se abhidhAna - cintAmaNi koza vizAlakAya hai / yaha chaha kANDoM meM vibhakta hai| isakA zloka - parimANa 1541 hai| yaha racanA 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana' kI paravartI hai| nimnAMkita zloka isakA pramANa hai "praNipatyArhataH siddhahemazabdAnuzAsanam / rur3hayaugikamizrANAM nAmnAM mAlA tanomyaham / / 79 393 79 abhidhAna- cintAmaNi, zloka - 1 abhidhAna cintAmaNi koza eka vastu ke aneka paryAyavAcI saMskRtanAma, anekArthasaMgraha kA mukhya viSaya eka zabda ke aneka artha, nighaNTukoza ke antargata vanaspatizAstra ke saMdarbha meM aneka nAma aura dezInAmamAlAkoza ke andara saMskRtaprAkRta vyAkaraNa se asiddha dezI zabdoM kA saMgraha hai| ina cAroM kozoM meM hemacandrAcArya ne zabda saMsAra kA apAra vaibhava bhara diyA hai / - 3. kAvyAnuzAsana yaha grantha kAvya meM rahe guNa-doSoM kI nUtana evaM rahasyamaya vyAkhyAoM se yukta hai| isameM granthakAra ne kAvya - pariyojana kI paribhASA meM eka naI paddhati kA prayoga kiyaa| isa grantha ke AdhAra para granthakAra svayaM ne 'alaMkAra - cUr3AmaNi' nAmaka eka laghu TIkA kI racanA kI / For Personal & Private Use Only

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394 4. chandAnuzAsana - yaha 'chandazAstra' saMbaMdhI maulika kRti hai, isameM vividha chandoM kA ullekha hai| una chandoM ke aneka uddharaNa hemacandrAcArya kI svayaM kI kRtiyoM meM dekhane ko milate 5. dvAtriMzikAe~ - bhArata ke vibhinna darzanoM kI avadhAraNA tathA jaina-darzana ke sAtha tulanA saMbaMdhI hemacandrAcArya kI anyayogavyavacchedikA aura ayogavyavacchedikA nAmaka do kRtiyA~ bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa haiN| ina donoM dvAtriMzikAoM meM zabdoM kI sajAvaTa bahuta sundara hai| 6. dvayAzraya kAvya - isa kAvya kA aparanAma 'kumArapAla-caritra' bhI hai| isa kRti meM saMskRta aura prAkRta -donoM bhASAoM kA prayoga huaa| prastuta kAvya ke 28 sargoM meM se 20 sarga saMskRtabhASIya tathA zeSa 8 sarga prAkRtabhASIya haiN| kumArapAlacaritra kA varNana sAtaveM sarga meM hai aura isa grantha kI mahattvapUrNa bAta to yaha hai ki isameM saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM ko udAharaNa sahita prastuta kiyA hai| 7. pramANamImAMsA - pAMca adhyAyoM vAle grantha kI viSaya-vastu meM pramANa, prameya, pramiti, prametA Adi kA savistAra vivecana milatA hai| yaha pUrA grantha anupalabdha hai, mAtra anumAna pramANa taka kA vivecana hai| 8. pariziSTa parva - 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSa caritra' ke samAna hI yaha grantha bhI aitihAsika hai| isameM jainadharma ke prabhAvaka AcAryoM kI jIvana-jhA~kiyoM kA AkhyAna hai| isa grantha para DaoN.harmana jekobI kI prastAvanA {Parisista Parva Introduction} vizeSa paThanIya evaM mananIya hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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395 9. yogazAstra - kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandrAcArya dvArA racita prastutazAstra kA mukhya viSaya yoga hai| 12 prakAza evaM 1012 zloka-parimANa vAle isa grantha para 12750. zlokaparimANa vyAkhyA bhI hai| isa grantha meM anuSTupa chanda kA prayoga huA hai| prathama prakAza ke zloka kramAMka-1 se 56 taka ke zlokoM kI viSaya-vastu meM mukhya maMgalAcaraNa-yoga kA mAhAtmya, phala, sanatkumAra cakravartI kI vividha prakAra kI labdhiyoM, dRr3ha-prahArI, cilAtIputra Adi para yoga-prabhAva, yoga kA svarupa, jJAna, darzana, cAritra-rupa yoga kA svarupa, nau tattvoM, paMca mahAvratoM, unakI paccIsa bhAvanAoM, samiti, gupti tathA paiMtIsa mArgAnusArI ke guNoM Adi kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai|80 dvitIya prakAza meM 115 zlokoM ke antargata vividha viSayoM kA ullekha hai, jaise -samyaktva kA svarupa, bheda, mithyAtva ke prakAra, deva, saMgha, guru, dharma kA svarupa, isake viparIta, kudevAdi kA svarupa, lakSaNa, ahiMsA kA mAhAtmya tathA sUbhUma evaM brahmadatta cakravartI kA jIvana-citraNa, kAlasaukarika, dardurAMkadeva, dRr3hakAlikAcArya, vasurAjA, mUladeva, maNDika, rohiNeya cora, zIla meM sudRr3ha sudarzana, dhanalobhI sAgaracakrI, tilakaseTha tathA nandarAjA, abhayakumAra Adi aneka vyaktiyoM ke caritra kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai, sAtha hI paMca sthUlavrata -ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, parigraha tathA usake viparIta, hiMsAdi ke AdhAra para unake vyaktitva para prakAza DAlA gayA hai aura isa prakAza ke anta meM saMtoSa kI mahimA aura tRSNA ke duSpariNAmoM ko prakaTa kiyA hai| tRtIya prakAza ke bhI 155 zlokoM meM zrAvaka-jIvana se saMbaMdhita guNavratoM, zikSAvratoM, bArahavratoM, tIna manorathoM, zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM Adi kA varNana 80 namo durvArarAgAdi. ............ gRhidharmAya klpte|| - yogazAstra, 1 prakAza, 1-56 zloka, pR. 1-90 / samyaktvamUlAni ........... saMtoSo yasya bhUSaNam / / vahI, prakAza 2, zloka 1-115, pR. 91-146 For Personal & Private Use Only

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396 kiyA gayA hai aura antima zloka meM pUrva ke tInoM prakAzoM meM kahe hue viSayoM kA upasaMhAra kiyA hai| caturtha prakAza ke 136 zloka haiN| usameM AtmA ke paramAtmA se yoga ke lie AtmasvaruparamaNa, kaSAyoM aura viSayoM para vijaya, cittazuddhi, indriya-nigraha, mano- vijaya, samatva, dhyAna, bAraha anuprekSAoM, maitrI Adi cAra bhAvanAoM tathA AsanoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai|93 pAMcave prakAza kA zloka-parimANa 273 hai| isameM nimnAMkita viSayoM para carcA kI gaI hai -prANAyAma kA svarupa, prakAra, bheda, lAbha, paMcavAyu kA varNana, cAra dhAraNA, svara dvArA IDA Adi kA jJAna, nAr3I-parivartana kA jJAna, parakAyapraveza vidhi kA phala Adi kI carcA kI gaI hai|84 yogazAstra kA chaThavAM prakAza mAtra ATha zloka-parimita hai| isameM prANAyAma ko Avazyaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai, sAtha hI prANAyAma, pratyAhAra evaM dhAraNA ke lakSaNa tathA phala kA vivecana hai|5|| sAtaveM prakAza tathA AThaveM prakAza meM adholikhita bhinna-bhinna viSayoM para vivecanA kI hai -dhyAna kA krama, piMDastha Adi cAra dhyeya, pArthivI Adi pA~ca dhAraNAe~ tathA unake lakSaNa, piNDastha tathA padastha-dhyAna ke lakSaNa, vidhi, phala aura anta meM rAgarahita padoM kA dhyAna hIM padastha dhyAna hai| 2 dazasvapi kRtA dikSu .....nAsAdayati nirvRttim / / - vahI, pra. 3 zloka 1-155, pR. 147-430 3 Atmaivadarzana-jJAna .....dhyAtA dhyAnodyato bhavet / / - vahI, pra. 4, zloka 1-136, pR 431-514 84 prANAyAmastataH kaizcid......saMcaretsudhIH / / - yogazAstra, pra.5, zlo. 1-273, pR. 515-560 5 iha cAyaM parapura ....bahavaH pratyayAH kil|| - vahI, pra.6, zlo.1-8, pR 561, 562 86 ka) dhyAnaM vidhitsatA jJeyaM.....stambhitA iva dUrataH / / - vahI, pra.7, zlo.1-28, pR. 563-567 kha) yatpadAni pavitrANi...pracitabhavazatotthaklezanirnAza hetoH / / - vahI. pra.8, zlo. 1-81, pR. 568-581 For Personal & Private Use Only

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naveM prakAza ke mAtra solaha zloka haiN| isameM rupastha dhyAna kA svarupa, vidhi, phala aura azubha - dhyAna ke tyAga kA varNana hai / 87 dasaveM prakAza kA viSaya rupAtIta dhyAna tathA dharmadhyAna aura usakA phala rahA hai| gyArahavAM prakAza ikasaTha zloka - parimANa hai| isakA mukhya viSaya zukladhyAna hai / isa prakAza ke prAraMbha meM granthakAra ne dharmadhyAna kA upasaMhAra karake zukladhyAna kA svarupa, bheda, prakAra, adhikArI, ghAtIkarmoM ke nAma, tIrthaMkara ke atizaya, samudghAta - prakriyA aura anta meM siddhatva ke sandarbha meM vyAkhyA kii| antima prakAza meM pacapana zloka tathA do prazasti - zloka haiN| isameM prArambha meM citta ke cAra prakAroM, AtmA ke tIna prakAroM, dhyAnAbhyAsa, gurusevA aura tInoM yogoM kI sthiratA ke lAbha kA varNana hai / tatpazcAt, mana sthira karane, jitendriya banane tathA prasannatA ke upAya batalAe gae haiM, anta meM granthakAra dvArA upasaMhAra tathA anuvAdaka ke dvArA prazasti kA varNana hai / isa prakAra, yoga ke mAhAtmya ko tathA yoga-sAdhanA kI niSpatti ko batAne vAlA yaha eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai / 397 hemacandra ke sAhitya kA yaha saMkSipta paricaya 'jainadharma ke prabhAvaka AcArya; tathA 'yogazAstra'- saM. padmavijayazrI nAmaka pustaka ke AdhAra para kiyA hai| donoM granthoM meM dhyAna - yoga-viSayaka viSaya-vastu kA pracura rUpa se prayoga huA hai / aneka zlokoM meM samAnatA tathA asamAnatA hone para bhI abhiprAya kI dRSTi se jyAdA matabheda nahIM hai / 'jJAnArNava' grantha kI prastAvanA meM bAlacandra zAstrI ne likhA hai - "AcArya hemacandraviracita yogazAstra meM bhI jJAnArNava ke samAna aneka viSayoM kI carcA kI gaI hai tathA usakA bhI pramukha varNanIya viSaya yoga hI rahA hai| isI se usakA 87 'mokSa - zrIsammukhInasya ....svArthabhraMzastanizcitaH / / - vahI, pra. 9, zlo. 1 - 16, pR. 582-584 88 amUrttasya cidAnanda.. ..prayAnti padama vythm|| - vahI, pra. 10, zlo. 1 - 24, pR. 585-591 modate muktaH / / vahI, pR. 11, zloka 1-61 ...girAM zrIhemacandreNa sA....... / / yogazAstra, pra. 12, zlo. 1-55 For Personal & Private Use Only 'svargApavargahetu.. 'zrutasindho.. 89 90

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'yogazAstra' - yaha nAma bhI sArthaka hai| ina donoM granthoM meM itanI adhika samAnatA dRSTigocara hotI hai ki jise dekhate hue yaha niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki eka grantha ko sAmane rakhakara dUsare grantha kI racanA kI gaI hai| donoM kI yaha samAnatA na kevala viSaya-vivecana kI dRSTi se hI upalabdha hotI hai, balki aneka zloka bhI aise haiM, jo donoM meM avikala rUpa se pAe jAte haiN| kucha zlokoM meM yadi pAThaparivartana huA hai, to kucha meM unhIM zabdoM kA sthAna parivartana mAtra huA hai / " 91 Age, hama dhyAna ke sandarbha meM tantra-yuga kA vivecana kreNge| kintu isake pUrva yaha jAna lenA Avazyaka hai ki ina donoM granthoM para, vizeSa rupa se inake piNDastha Adi cAra dhyAnoM, pArthivI Adi pAMca dhAraNAoM, prANAyAma Adi para haThayoga aura tantra kA prabhAva hai / tAntrika - yuga (terahavIM zatI se satrahavIM zatI taka) hamane apanI pUrva vivecanA meM yaha spaSTa kiyA thA ki jainadharma meM tAntrikasAdhanA kA yuga terahavIM zatAbdI se satrahavIM zatAbdI taka rahA, kintu hama dekhate haiM ki hindU aura bauddha-tantra kA prabhAva jaina - paramparA meM usake pUrva hI prArambha ho gayA thaa| 398 sarvaprathama 'aMgavijjA' nAmaka grantha meM kucha mantra aura unakI sAdhanAoM kA ullekha milane lagatA hai| 'aMgavijjA' kA kAla vidvAnoM ne IsvI san cauthI - pAMcavI zatI ke AsapAsa mAnA hai, parantu DaoN. sAgaramala jaina dvArA likhI gaI pustaka 'jainadharma aura tAntrika sAdhanA' meM likhA gayA hai - ' mathurA ke jaina - aMkanoM meM eka nagna kintu hAtha meM kambala lie hue muni ko AkAzamArga se gamana karate pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| jaina - sAhitya meM bhI jaMghAcArI aura vidyAcArI muniyoM ke ullekha milate haiN| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki jaina - paramparA meM IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI se 91 prastuta saMdarbha jJAnArNavagrantha kI prastAvanA se uddhRta, pR. 47 For Personal & Private Use Only

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399 mantra-tantra kA vikAsa ho gayA thaa| 92 vastutaH, tantra zabda vyavasthA yA AgamikavyavasthA kA vAcaka hai| AcArya haribhadra dvArA viracita paMcAzaka 93 tathA lalitavistarA nAmaka zakrastava kI TIkA meM tantra zabda dRSTigocara hotA hai, yadyapi unhoMne vyavasthA yA saMghIyamaryAdA ke artha meM hI tantra zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| unake granthoM para tAntrika-sAdhanA kA prabhAva kama hI dekhA jAtA hai| 'zrI tantrAloka' nAmaka pustaka meM tantra zabda kA artha zAsana kiyA hai| hindUtantra aura bauddhatantra kA sarvaprathama prabhAva zubhacandra ke 'jJAnArNava' 96 aura hemacandra ke 'yogazAstra'' para dekhA jAtA hai, jahA~ prANAyAma Adi kI carcA vistAra se huI hai tathA dhyAna ke saMdarbha meM bhI piNDastha, padastha, rupastha tathA rupAtIta-dhyAnoM kI aura pArthivI, AgneyI, mArutI, vAruNI tathA tattvabhU Adi dhAraNAoM ke ullekha bhI vahA~ milate haiM, lekina vidvAnoM ne ise hindu aura bauddha-taMtroM kA prabhAva hI mAnA hai| isI prakAra, vardhamAnavidyA aura gaNividyA kI sAdhanA mukhya rupa se nauvIM-dasavIM zatI se hI prArambha ho gaI thI -aisA lagatA hai, kintu prArambha meM ye sAdhanAe~ namaskArAtmaka hI rahIM, yadyapi inameM labdhidhAriyoM ke prati vandana kA hI bhAva rahA hai| tAntrika-sAdhanAoM aura vizeSa rupa se SaDakarma, arthAt mAraNa, mohana, uccATana, staMbhana, vazIkaraNa Adi kA praveza jaina-paramparA meM bAda meM hI huaa| yadyapi jayapAyaDa (lagabhaga cauthI zatI), uvasaggaharaMstotra (lagabhaga chaThavIM zatI), bhaktAmarastotra (lagabhaga sAtavIM zatI), viSApahAra stotra (sAtavIM zatI) Adi prAcInakAlIna hai, kintu unameM bhI tAntrika-sAdhanA kI dRSTi se koI vizeSa carcA nahIM hai| 92 prastuta saMdarbha "jainadharma aura tAntrikasAdhanA', se uddhRta, adhyAya-11, pR. 348 9 taMtaNItIe .....paMcAzaka prakaraNa, 2/44, pR. 34 94 eka sampradAya ko tantra ke nAma se abhihita kiyA; rAgAdiviSaparamantrarUpANi... / lalitavistarA, pR. 57-58, 258 95 'zrItantrAloka' - saM. DaoN. paramahaMsamizra, prathama bhAga pR.7 % jJAnArNava, sarga 34 aura 35 97 yogazAstra, prakaraNa-7 aura 8 For Personal & Private Use Only

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400 jaina-paramparA meM tAntrika-sAdhanA sambandhI granthoM kI racanAoM meM - jvAlAmAlinIkalpa (dasavIM zatI), nirvANakAlikA (dasavIM-gyArahavIM zatI), mantrAdhirAjakalpa (bArahavIM zatI), mantrarAjarahasyam (terahavIM zatI), vidyAnuvAda, vidyAnuvAda aMga, vidyAnuzAsana, jJAnArNava, yogazAstra (bArahavIM zatI), ekIbhAva stotra, riSTasamuccaya evaM mahAbodhimantra, bhairava-padmAvatIkalpa, sarasvatIkalpa, pratiSThAMtilakam, sUrimantrakalpa, sUrimantrabRhadkalpavivaraNa, devatA avasara vidhi, mAyAbIjakalpa, sUrimukhyamantrakalpa, labdhiphalaprakAzakalpa aura RSimaMDalamaMtrakalpa Adi grantha milate haiN| ye lagabhaga bArahavIM zatAbdI se satrahavIM zatAbdI ke madhya ke hI mAne jAte haiN| isake atirikta, anubhavasiddhamaMtradvAtriMzikA, cintAmaNipATha, cintAraNi, saMkSiptasUrimaMtravicAra, sUrimaMtra-saMgRha, kokazAstra, maMtra-yaMtra-taMtrasagraha, ' maMtrazAstra, sUrimantrakalpasaMdoha, namaskAra svAdhyAya, laghuvidyAnuvAda, maMtra cintAmaNi, maMtravidyA, maMtrazakti Adi jaina maMtra taMtra aura yantroM kA eka acchA khAsA saMkalana milatA hai| AcArya mahAprajJajI kI maMtra : eka samAdhAna nAmaka pustaka meM karIba 320 maMtroM kA saMkalana aura muni prArthanAsAgarajI kI kRti 'maMtra, yaMtra aura taMtra' 99 pustaka meM lagabhaga 379 matroM ke saMkalana ke sAtha-sAtha usI meM 'svAsthya adhikAra' meM karIba 140 nuskhe ullekhita haiN| uparyukta pramANoM ke AdhAra se hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMca sakate haiM ki dhyAna -sAdhanA Adi ke kSetra meM tAntrika dRSTi se mantra-sAdhanA kA praveza tathA unake tAntrika prabhAvoM kI carcA aura unake vidhividhAna lagabhaga terahavIM zatAbdI se pramukha bana gae the| yadyapi isa saMdarbha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina Adi aneka vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki jaina-paramparA meM dhyAna aura yoga-sAdhanA meM tAntrika-prabhAva mukhya rupa se 98 maMtra : eka samAdhAna' -AcArya mahAprajJa, lADanUM 99 'maMtra yaMtra aura taMtra' pustaka pR. 13-15 For Personal & Private Use Only

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401 hindU aura bauddha-paramparA ke prabhAva se hI AyA hai aura yaha spaSTa hai ki jainaparamparA meM vividha prakAra ke yaMtra, maMtra aura taMtra, jo astittva meM Ae haiM, ve mUlataH usakI AdhyAtmika-paramparA ke pratIka na hokara laukika-paramparA ke hI pratIka haiM aura una para hindU tathA bauddha-taMtroM kA prabhAva spaSTatA se dekhA jAtA hai| isa prakAra, yaha spaSTa hai ki jaina dharma meM tAntrika-sAdhanA kA prabhAva mukhyataH digambara-sampradAya meM bhaTTArakoM aura zvetAmbara-sampradAya meM yatiyoM ke mAdhyama se hI AyA hai aura unhoMne taMtra-maMtra kI sAdhanA ko mukhya rupa se vyakti ke bhautikakalyANa ko dRSTi meM rakhakara hI prasArita kiyaa| yadyapi jaina-paramparA ke astittva ko bacAne meM ye tAntrika-sAdhanAe~ saphala to rahIM, kintu isase jaina-sAdhanA kA jo AdhyAtmika-pakSa thA, vaha vikAragrasta ho gyaa| Atmavizuddhi ke sthAna para bhautika-upalabdhiyA~ hI sAdhanA kA mukhya AdhAra bana gaI aura dhyAnAdi sAdhanA ke mAdhyama se citta-vizuddhi gauNa ho gii| isa tAntrika prabhAva ke pariNAmasvarupa jaina devamaMDala meM bhI aneka yakSa, yakSiNiyA~, vidyAdeviyA~, bhairava, bhaumiyA, mANibhadra, padmAvatI Adi zAsanadevatA tIrthaMkaroM kI apekSA bhI adhika pUjanIya bana ge| isa prakAra, hama dekhate haiM ki jahA~ jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke dhyAnAdhyayana (dhyAnazataka) meM dhyAna kA jo AdhyAtmika vizuddha-svarupa thA, vaha kAlAntara meM ina tAntrika-sAdhanA kI prakriyAyoM meM vikAragrasta bana gyaa| hama niHsaMdeha yaha kaha sakate haiM ki jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA dhyAnAdhyayana (dhyAnazataka) AdhyAtmikaparamparA ke anusAra dhyAna-Atmavizuddhi kA hI sAdhana hai, vahA~ paravartIkAla meM isa dhyAna-sAdhanA ko bhautika-kalyANa aura maMtra-taMtra se jor3akara vikRta hI banAyA gayA hai| anta meM, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM - uttarAdhyayanasUtra 100 aura dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jo bhidavidyA, svaravidyA, svapnalakSaNa, 100 chinnaM saraM bhomamantalikkhaM sumiNaM lkkhnndnnddvtthuvijj| aMgaviyAraM sarassa vijayaM jo vijjAhiM na jIvai sa bhikkhuu|| - uttarAdhyayana 15/7,8 101 AyAra-pannati dharaM diTThivAya ......... - dazavaikAlika 8/50-51 For Personal & Private Use Only

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402 aMgavidyA, nakSatravidyA, nimittavidyA, mantravidyA aura bhaiSajyazAstra ke anusAra jIvana jItA hai, vaha muni nahIM hai| unakA upadeza bhI gRhasthoM ko na kreN| isase spaSTa rupa se yaha phalita hotA hai ki vaiyaktika-vAsanAoM aura AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ke lie vibhinna prakAra kI vidyAoM kI sAdhanA ko jaina AcAryoM ne sadaiva hI heya-dRSTi se dekhA hai| 102 yazovijayayuga (IsA kI satrahavIM se unnIsavIM zatI taka) - IsA kI satrahavIM zatI se unnIsavIM zatI taka kA yuga yazovijayayuga ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| jinazAsanarupI AkAzamaMDala meM anekAneka jhilamila sitAroM ne apanI jJAnarupI AbhA se mAnava-jagat ko prakAzita kiyaa| inameM AcArya kundakunda jinabhadra, umAsvAti, jinasena haribhadra zubhacandra, hemacandra aura yazovijaya Adi pramukha haiN| yazovijayajI ne Agama-paramparA ko jIvita rakhate hue apanI prajJA dvArA saMskRta, prAkRta tathA gujarAtI bhASA meM sAhitya kA sarjana kiyaa| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI vilakSaNa pratibhAsampanna mahApuruSa the| unhoMne karIba 110 granthoM kI racanA kii| 109 unakA lekhanakArya sirpha jainadarzana taka hI sImita na rahakara anya darzanoM ke granthoM kI TIkA ke rupa meM bhI huaa| unhoMne pratyeka choTI-choTI bAta ko itanI saralatA se pratipAdita kiyA, jisase maMdabuddhi jIva bhI usako AtmasAt kara ske| Apane AgamoM kA gahana adhyayana kiyA, jisake pariNAmasvarupa eka navIna AdhyAtmika-paddhati kA prAdurbhAva huaa| jinazAsana meM yazovijayajI bahuzruta dArzanika, prakhara nyAyAcArya kAvya-mImAMsaka tathA sAhitya-sarjaka ke rupa meM prasiddha haiN| ApakI sUkSma prajJA ke phalasvarupa hI jaina-paramparA meM Apako 'laghu haribhadrasUri' kA virud prApta huA thaa| 04 102 jainadharma aura tAntrika sAdhanA - DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 4-5 103 prastuta vAkyAMza upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya graMtha' ke saMpAdakIya se uddhRta, pR. 7 104 vahI, pR.7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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paMDita sukhalAlajI ke zabdoM meM - "yaha mAtra merI mAnyatA nahIM, apitu samasta vidvat-janoM kI mAnyatA hai ki jaise vaidika - paramparA meM jagadguru zaMkarAcArya kA sthAna hai, vaise hI jaina - paramparA meM prajJApuruSa upAdhyAya yazovijayajI kA sthAna hai |"105 yazovijayajI kA jIvana-paricaya yazovijayajI ke jIvana - vRtAnta ke sandarbha meM unake samakAlavarttI zramaNoM ke dvArA jo jAnakArI upalabdha huI, usI ke AdhAra para unake jIvana kI ghaTanAoM para prakAza DAlane kA prayatna kiyA jA rahA hai| unake janma- samaya, janmaM - sthala, mAtA-pitA ke bAre meM atisaMkSipta varNana isa prakAra hai janmakAla : upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ke janmakAla ke sandarbha meM do bhinnabhinna mAnyatAe~ haiM, jo mahattvapUrNa pramANa ke rupa meM prasiddha haiM, yathA 1. vi.saM. 1663 meM vastra para Alekhita meruparvata kA citrapaTa | 2. yazovijayajI ke samakAlavarttI muni kAntivijayajI dvArA praNIta 'sujasavelImAsa' nAmaka kRti / 403 -- uparyukta donoM pramANoM ke anusAra yazovijayajI kA janmakAla lagabhaga vikrama saMvat 1645 ke AsapAsa rahA hogA / ApazrI kA devalokagamana vi.saM. 1743-44 meM huA thA, ataH upAdhyAyajI kI Ayu karIba sau varSa kI rahI hogI / 105 upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya grantha se uddhRta, pR. 38 janma-sthala : janma - sthala ke saMdarbha meM koI Thosa pramANa to upalabdha nahIM hai, lekina 'sujasavelIbhAsa' ke AdhAra para unakA janma gujarAta ke antargata pATana nagarI ke nikaTa hI dhINoja gAMva se thor3I dUrI para sthita 'kanor3A' nAmaka eka choTe se gAMva meM huA hogA / upAdhyAyajI ke pitA kA nAma nArAyaNa aura mAtA kA nAma saubhAgyadevI thaa| For Personal & Private Use Only

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404 ApakA nAma jasavaMtakumAra thaa| 106 yahI jasavaMtakumAra Age calakara yazovijaya ke rupa meM vikhyAta hue| kanor3A gAMva hI upAdhyAyazrI kA janmasthala hai, isakA suspaSTa varNana to 'sujasavelImAsa' meM bhI nahIM hai| vi.saM.1688 meM kuNagera ke varSAvAsa kI pUrNAhUti ke pazcAt nayavijayajI ma.sA. kanor3A padhAre aura jasavaMtakumAra ne apanI mAtA ke saMga prathama bAra unake darzana kA lAbha liyaa|107 isake AdhAra para yaha mAnane meM koI dikkata nahIM hai ki yazovijayajI ke mAtApitA kanor3A ke nivAsI the aura unakA janma bhI yahIM huA thaa| dIkSAgrahaNa - vi.saM. 1688 meM nayavijayajI kanor3A padhAre aura unakI dIkSA huI -aisA nirdeza 'sujasavelIbhAsa' meM milatA hai,108 parantu usa aitihAsika-citrapaTa ke ullekhI AdhAra para saM.1663 meM yazovijaya gaNi se alaMkRta the, lekina kama-se-kama cha: se nau varSa ke dIkSAparyAya ke bAda gaNi-pada diyA jAtA hai, to citrapaTAnusAra yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki yazovijayajI kA janma samaya karIba 1645, dIkSA grahaNa saM. 1653, gaNipadagrahaNa saM. 1663 aura devalokagamana saM. 1743-44 meM huA thaa| ataH, saMzaya yaha hai ki donoM pramANoM meM se adhika mahattva kise diyA jAe ? samAdhAna ke rupa meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM -gaNipada kA saM. 1663 na hokara 1693 honA cAhie, kAraNa, usa samaya chaha (6) aura nau (E) meM bahuta jyAdA antara nahIM hotA thaa| isa apekSA se upAdhyAyazrI kI dIkSA 1688 meM aura gaNipadavI 1993 meM huI hogI, ataH janma 1670-1979 ke bIca ke kAla meM saMbhava ho sakatA hai| 109 106 upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya grantha se, upAdhyAya yazovijayanuM jIvanavRtaH saMzodhanAtmaka abhyAsa (jayanta koThArI) se uddhRta, pR.1 107 saMvata sola aThyAsiyejI, rahI kuNagera caumaasii| zrI nayavijaya paMDitavarajI, AvyA kanhoDe ullaasii|| mAta putra syuM sAdhunAjI vAMdicaraNa savilAsa / sugurU-dharma-upadezathIjI pAmI vayarAga prkaash|| -sujasavelIbhAsa, gA. 1/9-10 108 vijayadeva gurU hAthanI jI baDadIkSA huI khaas| bihune sola aThyAsiyejI karatA yoga abhyaas|| -vahI, 1/03 109 DaoN. sAgaramala jaina se vyaktigata carcA ke AdhAra pr| For Personal & Private Use Only

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____405 mAtA saubhAgyadevI ne jasavaMta kI adbhuta prajJA ko dekhakara apane putra ko nayavijayajI ke caraNoM meM sauMpa diyaa| dIkSA-mahotsava aNahilapura pATaNa meM huaa| bAlaka jasavaMta se jazavijaya bana gyaa|10 kucha samaya pazcAt unake bhAI padmasiMha ne bhI saMyama aMgIkAra kiyA aura vaha padmavijaya ke rupa meM vikhyAta hue| donoM kI bar3I-dIkSA dAtA vijayadevasUri the|" isa bAta kI puSTi adholikhita padya se hotI hai - padamavijaya bIjo valIjI, tasa bAMdhava guNavaMta teha prasaMge preriyojI te paNi thayo vrtvNt|| - 12 vijayadeva-guru hAthanI jI valI dIkSA huI khaas| bihune sola aThayAsiyejI karatA yoga abhyAsa / / - 13 yazovijayajI ke zikSA-dIkSA guru nayavijayajI haiM, yaha yazovijayajI svayaM ne 'jainatarkabhASA kI prazasti' meM khaa|112 guruparamparA - upAdhyAyazrI svayaM ne apanI kRti kI vRtti meM, jaise -svopajJa pratimAzataka tathA adhyAtmopaniSada meM guru-paramparA kA varNana kiyaa| 13 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya grantha', sampAdaka-pradyumnavijaya gaNivara tathA adhyAtmasAra, 110 aNahilapura pATaNi jaijI, lyo gurU pAse caaritr| yazovijaya ahavI karIjI thApanA nAmanI ttr| -sujasavelIbhAsa, gA. 1/4 III 'yazodohana' meM isa dIkSA kA kAla vi.saM. 1688 diyA hai aura yaha dIkSA hIravijaya ke praziSya evaM vijayasenasUrija ke ziSya vijayadevasUri. ne dI thI, aisA varNana hai| - pR.7 // bhrAjante sanayA nayAdivijayaprAjJAzca vidyApradA - jainatarkabhASA kI prazasti / ka) zrI hIrAnvayadinakRti prkRssttopaadhyaayaastribhuvngiitkiirtivRndaaH| SaTtIyadRDhapariraMbhabhAgyabhAjaH kalyANottaravijayAbhighAbabhakaH tacchiSyAH pratiguNadhAma hemasUreH zrI lAbhottaravijayabhidhA babhUvuH / zrI jItottaravijayAbhidhAna zrI naya vijayau tdiiyshissyau|| tadIya caraNAmbujazrayaNAvisphuradbhAratI prasAda supriikssitprvrshaastrrtnoccyai|| jinAgame vivecane zivasukhArthinAM zreyase yazovijayavAghakairayamakAri tattvazramaH / / u.yazovijayajIkRta pratimAzataka' TIkAkartu prazasti, zloka14-15-16 kha) iti jagadguruviruddhadhArizrI hIravijayasUrIzvaraziSya SaTtarka vidyaavishaard| mahopAdhyAya zrI kalyANavijayagaNiziSya zAstrajJa tilakapaMDita zrIlAbhavijayagaNi ziSya mukhyapaNDita jItavijayagaNisatIrthyAlaMkArapaNDita-zrInayavijayagaNi caraNakaNacaMcarIka paNDita padmavijayagaNi sahodara nyAyavizorada mahopAdhyAya zrI yazovijayagaNi praNItaM samAptamidamadhyAtmopaniSadatprakaraNama -u. yazovijayakRta 'adhyAtmopaniSada' For Personal & Private Use Only

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406 adhyAtmopaniSada evaM jJAnasAra ke saMdarbha meM upAdhyAya yazovijayajI kA adhyAtmavAda nAmaka sAdhvI DaoN. prItidarzanAzrI zodhaprabandha ke AdhAra para unakI guru-paramparA isa prakAra thI - guru-ziSya paramparA hIravijaya vijayasenasUri kIrtivijayajI vinayavijaya vijayadevasUri (upAdhyAya) vijayasiMha vijayaprabha kalyANavijayajI lAmavijayajI jItavijaya nayavijayajI yazovijaya padmavijaya114 yazovijaya ne apane guru tathA gurubhrAtA kI nizrA meM bahuta hI gaharAI se, sUkSmatA se vidyAdhyayana kiyA aura kucha hI samaya meM ve aneka vidyAoM meM pAraMgata ho ge| yaha bAta svayaM yazovijayajI ne 'dravyaguNaparyAyanorAsa' meM likhI hai|115 eka bAra ahamadAbAda ke suzrAvaka dhanajI-sUrA ke Agraha para yazovijayajI apane guru ke sAtha kAzI kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| vahA~ SaDdarzanoM ke jJAtA tathA navyanyAya ke eka vidvAn ke pAsa adhyayana karake mAtra tIna varSoM meM vyAkaraNa, tarka, nyAya, SaDdarzana Adi anya zAstroM ke jJAtA bana ge| kazmIra se Ae eka paNDita 114 ka) 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya graMtha, pR. 24-25 kha) 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya kA adhyAtmavAda, adhyAya 1, pR. 5 15 tAsa pATi vijaya devasUrIsvara mahimAvaMta nirIho tAsa pATi vijayasiMha sUrIsara sakala sUrimAM liiho| te gurUnA uttama udyamayI gItAratha guNa vAdhyo re tasa hita sIkhataNai anusArai jJAnayoga o sAdhyo re|| - dravyaguNaparyAyanorAsa, 17/4 For Personal & Private Use Only

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407 ko vAda-vivAda meM parAjita karake kAzInagara tathA kAzI ke paMDitoM aura apane vidyAguru bhaTTAcArya kI yazakIrti ko Apane cAroM dizAoM meM phailA diyaa| isa avasara para sabhI paNDitoM ne milakara yazovijayajI ko 'nyAya-vizArada' aura 'tArkika-ziromaNi' kI padavI se alaMkRta kiyA, 116 tatpazcAt Apa AgarA pdhaare| vahA~ bhI ApazrI ne tarkasiddhAnta, pramANazAstra Adi kA karIba cAra varSa taka adhyayana kiyaa| isa prasaMga kA varNana mAtra 'sujasavelImAsa' meM hai| 117 dhIre-dhIre yazovijayajI kI vidvattA kI khyAti phailane lgii| mahAzramaNamuditakumAra dvArA saMpAdita 'upAsanA' bhAga-1 meM likhA gayA hai -"yahA~ taka sunA jAtA hai ki 1729 meM inhoMne khambhAta meM varSAvAsa bitaayaa| vahA~ jainettara vidvAnoM dvArA die gae viSaya para saMskRta bhASA meM itanA dhArApravAha vyAkhyAna diyA jisase sunane Ae sAre loga avAk the| bhASaNa kI vizeSatA yaha thI ki jisameM na to anusvAra hI thA aura na hI koI saMyukta akSara"118 isa prakAra jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA karate-karate eka bAra ve ahamadAbAda pdhaare| vahA~ saMvat 1718 meM vijayaprabhasUri na unheM upAdhyAya padavI se alaMkRta kiyaa| 19 yazovijayajI ke hRdaya meM AnaMdaghanajI ke prati vizeSa prIti thI, isa bAta kA pramANa hameM AnaMdaghana aSTapadI meM milatA hai| 120 yazovijayajI kA kahanA thA ki pArasamaNi ke samAna AnaMdaghanajI kA jaise hI maiMne sparza kiyA aura maiM lohe se kaMcana ke rupa meM parivartita ho gyaa|121 // 6 pUrva nyAyavizAradatva virUdaM kAzyAM pradattaM budhaiH| nyAyAcArya padaM tataH kRta zatagranthasya ysyaarpitm|| - u.yazovijayajIkRti pratimAzataka graMtha pR.1 // " kAzIyI budharAya, trihu varaSAMtare ho lAla tArkika nAma dharAya AvyApura Agare ho laal| - sujasavelIbhAsa, gA. 218 118 'upAsanA' bhAga-1 pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 253 / / olI tapa .........zrIvijayaprabha diidh|| -vahI, 3/12 | 120 koI AnaMdaghana chidra hI paravata jasarAya saMga caDI jaay| AnaMdaghana AnaMdarasa jhIlata, dekhata hI jasa guNa gAya / / -AnaMdaghana aSTapadI 121 AnaMdaghana ke saMga sujasa hI mile jaba taba AnaMda sama bhayo sujs| pArasa saMga lohA jo pharasata, kaMcana hota hI tAke ks| -AnaMdaghana aSTapadI For Personal & Private Use Only

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408 AnaMdaghanajI ke padya meM yazovijayajI ke 122 aura yazovijayajI ke padya meM AnaMdaghanajI ke123 saMketa milate haiN| hama yahA~ 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya grantha' ke AdhAra para yazovijayajI ke samakAlavartI muniyoM ke sAtha unakA sambandha rahA thA, isakA ullekha kara rahe haiM - 1. upAdhyAya vinayavijayajI, 2. jayasomagaNi, 3.mAnavijayagaNi, 4.satyavijaya gaNi panyAsa, 5.vRddhivijayagaNi, 6. RddhivimalagaNi, 7. vIravijaya aura 8. maNicandra Adi / 124 devalokagamana - 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya grantha' ke AdhAra para upAdhyAyajI kA svargavAsa saM. 1743 meM DabhoI gAMva meM huaa|125 lekina kauna se mAsa aura kaunasI tithi ko huA thA -yaha nirNaya abhI taka bhI na ho pAyA hai| caraNapAdukA meM isa prakAra lekha aMkana hai -"saMvata 1745 varSe pravartamAne mAgazIrSamAse zuklapakSe ekAdazI tithau zrI jasavijayagaNinAM pAdukA kArApitA pratiSThita'treyaM, taccaraNasevaka ......vijayagaNinA rAjanagare / 126 pahale isa lekha ke AdhAra para upAdhyAyazrI ke dehAvasAna kI tithi bhI yahI mAnI jAtI thI, parantu yaha bhrama hai, kyoMki yaha caraNa-yugala ke sthApanA kI tithi hai| sujasavelIbhAsa ke antargata likhA hai ki saM. 1743 meM upAdhyAyazrI kA varSAvAsa DabhAI gAMva meM thA aura saM. 1744 meM usI kSetra meM ApazrI kA deha paMcabhUta meM vilIna ho gyaa|127 122 AnaMdaghana kahe jasa suno bhrAta yahI mile to merA pherA Tale ...... 123 jazavijaya kahe suno ho AnaMdaghana hama tuma mile hjur| o rI Aja AnaMda bhayo mere tero mukha nIrakha nIrakha / / - AnaMdaghana aSTapadI 124 "upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya graMtha' saMpAdaka pradyumnavijayajI, jayaMta koThArI, kAntibhAI bI zAha, pR. 18 se 125 vahI, pR. 29 126 vahI, pR. 29 127 satara trayAlI comAsu ....dhoI re..... I. - sujasavelI, gA. 4/5 For Personal & Private Use Only

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409 viziSTa guNoM ke sAgara - ApazrI ke ojasvI vyaktitva meM anekAneka guNa nihita haiM, usameM mukhya rupa se gurubhakti, zrutabhakti, saMghabhakti, zAsana-prabhAvanA, adhyAtmarasa-nimagnatA, dhairyatAgaMbhIratA, vinayazIlatA, saralatA, tyAga-tapasyA-vairAgya, laghutA aura guNAnurAgatA Adi haiN| adhyAtmasAra ke antima adhikAra ke pandrahaveM zloka meM Apane manohara kalpanA dvArA guru kI mahimA kA guNagAna kiyaa| 128 guNAnurAgatA, vinayazIlatA, laghutA kA udAharaNa hameM upAdhyAyazrI dvArA viracita 'AnaMdaghana-aSTApadI' meM milatA hai| 129 unakI udAravRtti ke darzana hameM samantabhadrakRta aSTasahasrI para, pataMjalikRta yogasUtra para, kAvyaprakAza para, evaM nyAyasiddhAnta-maMjarI para unake dvArA likhI gaI vRttiyoM meM hotA hai| unameM Apane yogavAsiSTha, upaniSad, gItA se bhI kucha uddharaNa die haiN| zrutabhakti ke rupa meM Apane aneka granthoM kI racanA kI thii| upAdhyAyazrI bacapana se hI tyAga-vairAgya-tapasyA meM lIna the -isa bAta kI puSTi 'sujasavelImAsa' se hotI hai| 130 adhyAtmarasa-nimagnatA ke saMdarbha meM to hama niHzaMka hokara yaha kaha sakate haiM ki anubhUti ke binA 'adhyAtmasAra' adhyAtmopaniSad jaise gUr3ha rahasyamaya granthoM kA praNayana zakya nahIM thaa|131 sAhitya-paricaya - prAyaH prAcIna vidvAna yazakIrti kI prApti se anAkAMkSa hokara sva-para kalyANa ke uddezya se granthoM kI racanA karate the| unhIM vidvAnoM meM eka haiM -upAdhyAya yshovijyjii| unhoMne apane jIvana-kAla meM zatAdhika granthoM kA sarjana kiyaa| durbhAgya se vartamAna meM unake sampUrNa grantha anupalabdha haiN| jitane grantha upalabdha haiM, 128 ytkiirtisphuurtigaanaabhitsukhdhuuvRndkolaahlen| prakSuSdhasvargasiMdhoH patitajalabharaiH kSAlitaH shaitymeti|| azrAntabhrAntakAntagrahagaNa kiraNaistApavAn svrnnshailo| bhrAjante te munIndrA nayavijayabudhAH sajjanavAtadhuryAH / / - adhyAtmasAra, 21/15 129 jasavijaya kahe suno AnaMdaghana hama tuma mile hjur| jasa kahe sohi AnaMdaghana pAvata aMtarajyota jgaave| AnaMda kI gata AnaMdaghana jAne aisIdazA jaba pragaTe, citta aMtara so hI AnaMdaghana pichAne ai hI Aja AnaMda bhayo mere tero mukha nIrakha roma-roma zItala bhayA aMgo aNg|' - u. yazovijayakRta AnaMdaghana aSTapadI 130 sujasavelIbhAsa- 1/8 31 mAhare to gurUcaraNapasAye anubhava dilamAMhI pettho| RddhivRddhi pragaTI gharamA Atamarati huI baiTho re ....zrIpAlarAsa For Personal & Private Use Only

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hama unakA pradyumnavijayagaNi dvArA saMpAdita 'upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya grantha' aura DaoN. prItidarzanA ke zodhaprabandha 'yazovijayajI kA adhyAtmavAda' ke AdhAra para saMkSipta paricaya de rahe haiM / 1. adhyAtmamata parIkSA prastuta grantha prAkRtabhASA meM hai| isameM 184 gAthAe~ haiN| isa para karIba cAra hajAra zloka - parimANa TIkA upalabdha hai| isa graMtha meM graMthakarttA ne kevalI - kavalAhAra tathA strI-mukti kI samIkSA aura nizcaya tathA vyavahAranaya ke yathArtha svarupa kA spaSTIkaraNa bhI kiyA hai / 2. adhyAtmopaniSad prastuta grantha jaina - adhyAtma kI eka amUlya nidhi hai / yaha saMskRta bhASA meM hai| isameM 231 zloka haiN| isako cAra vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai - 1. zAstrayogazuddhi, 2. jJAnayogazuddhi, 3. kriyAyogazuddhi aura 4. sAmyayogazuddhi / 410 - - zAstrayogazuddhi meM nizcaya aura vyavahAranaya ke AdhAra para adhyAtma ke bhanna -bhinna rUpoM kA AkhyAna kiyA hai| jJAnayogazuddhi ke antargata Atmatattva kI upalabdhi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kriyAyogazuddhi meM kriyA ke mahattva kA ullekha karate hue yaha batAyA hai - kriyA binA kA jJAna nirarthaka athavA bojharupa hai| sAmyayogazuddhi nAmaka vibhAga meM samatAyoga meM nimagna sAdhaka kI avasthA kA talasparzI varNana hai I -- 3. jJAnasAra upAdhyAya yazovijayajI kI prastuta kRti battIsa aSTakayukta hai| eka - eka aSTaka ke ATha-ATha zloka haiN| upasaMhAra prazasti Adi milAkara yaha grantha 276 zloka - parimANa hai| isake battIsa aSTakoM ke nAma nimnAMkita haiM - pUrNa, magna, sthiratA, mohatyAga, jJAna, zama, indriyajaya, tyAga, kriyA, tRpti, nirlepa, niHspRha, mauna, vidyA, viveka, madhyastha, nirbhaya, anAtmaprazaMsA, tattvadRSTi, sarvasamRddhi, karmavipAka-- cintana, bhavodvega, lokasaMjJAtyAga, zAstradRSTi, parigraha, anubhava, yoga, niyAga, pUjA, dhyAna, tapa aura sarvanayAzraya / inameM mere zodha - kArya se sambandhita yogASTaka tathA dhyAnASTaka kA saMkSipta varNana kreNge| For Personal & Private Use Only

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411 yogASTaka - isa aSTaka ke prathama zloka meM kahA hai ki mokSa ke sAtha AtmA ko jor3a dene se vaha sampUrNa AcAra-yoga kahalAtA hai| vizeSa rupa se sthAna, varNa, artha, AlaMbana aura ekAgratA 132 saMsAra kI samasta jIva-rAzi meM vikasita-avikasita rupa se do karmayoga 133 aura tIna jJAnayoga rahate hI haiM aura eka-eka ke cAra-cAra bheda haiM, yathA- icchA, pravRtti, sthiratA evaM siddhi| ina cAroM kI vyAkhyA yogASTaka ke caturtha zloka meM kI gaI hai| 134 phira AlaMbana aura nirAlaMbana kI carcA meM nirAlaMbana kI zreSThatA kA varNana kiyA hai| tatpazcAta, yoganirodha ke dvArA hI mokSa saMbhava hai -isa prakAra yogASTaka meM ullekha hai| dhyAnASTaka - dhyAna-aSTaka ke antargata dhyAtA, dhyeya aura dhyAna kI tripadI meM ekatA kA varNana 135 hai aura ina tInoM kI ekatA hI samApatti hai tathA isa samApatti ke phalasvarupa tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA baMdha hotA hai| "dhyeya meM jisane citta kI sthiratArupa dhArA se vega-pUrvaka bAhya-indriyoM kA anusaraNa karane vAlI mAnasika-vRtti ko roka liyA hai, jo prasannacitta hai, pramAdarahita hai aura jJAnAnandarupI amRtAsvAdana karane vAlA hai; jo antaHkaraNa meM hI vipakSarahita cakravarttitva kA vistAra karatA hai, aise dhyAtA kI devasahita manuSyaloka meM bhI sacamuca upamA nahIM hai| 136 prastuta kRti sAdhakoM ke lie 'mArgadarzikA' ke rupa meM hai| kucha vidvAnoM ne isakA nAma 'jainadharma kI gItA' rkhaa|137 4. vairAgyakalpalatA - upAdhyAyaM yazovijayajI dvArA praNIta "vairAgyarati' aura 'vairAgyakalpalatA' ina donoM kRtiyugala kA pUrvApara saMbaMdha hai| vairAgyarati apUrNa aura 132 mokSeNa yojanAd .........gocaraH / / -jJAnasAra (yogASTaka 2) 133 karmayoga dvyN...........pressvpi|| - vahI, 2 134 bhedAH pratyekamatrecchA-pravRttisthirasiddhayaH / / - jJAnasAra, aSTaka-27, zlo. 3-4 'icchA tadvat kathAprIti. ..siddhirnyaarthsaadhnm|| - jJAnasAra, aSTaka-27, zloka-4 135 dhyAtA dhyeyaM tathA dhyAnaM trayaM yasyaikatAM gtm| - vahI, aSTaka-30, zloka-1 136 prastuta vyAkhyA jJAnasAra, vivecanakAra bhadraguptavijayagaNi, dhyAnASTaka ke antargata, pR. 453 137 upAdhyAya yazovijaya svAdhyAya grantha - saM. pradyumnavijayagaNi, pR. 81 For Personal & Private Use Only

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vairAgyakalpalatA pUrNa kRti hai / isa kRti ko jaina saMskRta - sAhitya meM rupakasAhitya kA udgama- vikAsa ke rupa meM khyAti prApta hai / yaha bhAratIya - sAhitya kA sarvottama saMskRta kathAsAra mahAkAvya hai / rupaka- kathAoM meM jaise 'upamitibhavaprapaMcA' sarvottama zikhara - rupa hai, vaise hI mahAkAvyoM meM 'vairAgyakalpalatA' sarvottama hai / 5. gurutattvavinizcaya prAkRta bhASA meM viracita prastuta grantha kI 905 gAthAe~ haiM / upAdhyAyazrI svayaM ne 7000 zloka - parimANa saMskRta gadyarupa TIkA likhI, cAra ullAsoM dvArA gurutattva ke satya-svarupa kA varNana kiyA / -- 6. dvAtriMzad dvAtriziMkA 'yathA nAma tathA guNa' - isa ukti ko phalita karane vAlA prastuta kAvya 1024 zloka - parimANa hai / yaha padyAtmaka - zailI kI racanA hai / mahopAdhyAya yazovijayajI dvArA racita yaha 32-32 zlokoM meM 32 alaga-alaga 412 - 1 viSaya-vastu para prakAza DAlatA huA 32 alpakAyI racanAoM kA kAvya hai / isa kAvya meM sthita pratyeka laghugrantha kI yathArtha viSaya-vastu ke nAma isa prakAra haiM dAna, dezanA, mArga, jinamahattva, bhakti, sAdhusAmagya, dharmavyavasthA, vAda, kathA, yogalakSaNa, pAtaMjalayogalakSaNa, pUrvasevA, mukti- adveSaprAdhAnya, apunarbandhaka, samyagdRSTi, IzAnagraha, devapuruSakAra, yogabheda, yogaviveka, yogAvatAra, mitrAtArAditraya, kutarkagrahanivRtti, sadvRSTi, klezahAnopAya, yogamahAtmya, bhikSu, dIkSA, vinaya, kevalIbhuktivyavasthApana, mukti aura sajjanastuti Adi / isameM vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki pratyeka battIsI ke aMtima zloka meM 'paramAnaMda' zabda kA prayoga huA hai / upAdhyAyazrI ne tattvArthadIpikA 138 nAmavAlI svopajJa vRtti likhI / - 6. nayopadeza yaha racanA sAta nayoM ke svarupa ko pratipAdita karatI hai / 7. pratimAzataka 'pratimAzataka' nAmaka kAvyagrantha kI racanA mUrtipUjA ke virodha karane vAle ko hitazikSA dene ke sandarbha meM kI gaI hai| isa kAvya kA zloka - parimANa 100 hai| isameM mukhyarUpa se cAra vAdasthAna kI carcA hai / yathA 1. pratimA kI pUjyatA, 2. kyA vidhikArita pratimA kI hI pUjyatA hai ? 3. kyA 138 yazovijayajI nAmnA tatcaraNAmbhyojasevinA / dvAtriMzikAnAM vivRttizvakre tattvArthadIpikA - dvAtriMzad dvAtriMzikA kI prazasti ke nIce kA zloka For Personal & Private Use Only - --

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dravyastava meM zubhAzubha mizratA hai ? 4 dravyastava puNyarupa hai yA dharmaruga ? isa grantha ke AdhAra para TIkA kI racanA bhI kI gaI hai| isa grantha ke antargata dhyAna, samApatti samAdhi, jaya Adi kI prApti ke lie jagaha-jagaha upAyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| 8. ArAdhaka - virAdhaka - caturbhagI - isa grantha kA mUla viSaya cAra viSayoM para AdhArita hai - 1. dezataH ArAdhaka, 2. dezataH virAdhaka, 3. sarvataH ArAdhaka aura 4. sarvataH virAdhaka / 9. upadeza - rahasya prastuta grantha prAkRtabhASIya hai| yaha racanA AryAchanda meM kI gaI hai tathA isameM 203 gAthAe~ haiN| isa racanA kA AdhAra haribhadrasUri dvArA praNIta upadezapadaM nAmaka grantha hai / isameM rahasyabhUta mArgAnusArI Adi aneka viSayoM ko pratipAdita kiyA hai / 10. endrastuticaturvizatikA isameM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA varNana tathA stuti kI gaI hai| 11. kUpadRSTAnta vizadIkaraNa - isameM kUpa kA udAharaNa, gRhasthoM ke karane yogya dravyastava kI nirdoSatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai 1 12. jJAnArNava isameM pA~ca jJAna ke svarupoM kA varNana hai / 13. dharmaparIkSA - isameM utsUtra - prarUpaNA ke nivAraNa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 14. mahAvIstava isameM bauddha - naiyAyika ke ekAntavAda kA nirasana hai| - - - 15. bhASA rahasya carcA hai| 413 -- 16. sAmAcArI- prakaraNa tarkazailI meM varNana hai / isa grantha meM prajJApanAdi meM nihita bhASA ke bheda-prabheda kI - isa grantha meM icchA, mithyA Adi dasa prakAra kA 17. devadharmaparIkSA - isameM devaloka meM prabhupratimA kI pUjA hotI hai - isa bAta kI puSTi Agamika - pramANa ke AdhAra para kI gaI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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414 18. jainatarka-paribhASA - yaha grantha tIna paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai- 1. pramANa, 2. naya aura 3. nikssep| ina viSayoM ko yuktisaMgata vivecita kiyA gayA hai| 19. yatilakSaNasamuccaya- isa grantha meM zramaNoM ke sAta lakSaNoM ko vistRta rupa se varNita kiyA hai| 20. nayarahasya - isa grantha meM sAta naya kA varNana hai| 21. nayapradIpa - isameM 400-400 zloka-parimANa meM do sargoM kA vibhAjana kara eka meM saptabhaMgI, dUsare meM nayasamarthana hai| 22. jJAnabindu - isa grantha meM jJAna ke prakAra, lakSaNa, svarupa kA varNana hai| 23. nyAyakhaNDanakhaNDakhAdya - isa grantha meM upAdhyAyazrI kI navyanyAyazailI kI viziSTatA dikhAI detI hai| yaha graMtha artha-gaMbhIratA kI apekSA se kaThina hai| isakI zloka saMkhyA 5500 hai| 24. nyAyAloka - isa grantha kI mukhya viSaya-vastu hai -gautamI-nyAya tathA bauddha-nyAya ke ekAMtavAda kI smaalocnaa| yaha prakaraNa tIna vibhAgoM meM baMTA huA hai - 1. mukti, AtmavibhUtva, Atmasiddhi aura jJAna - ye cAra vAda-sthAna hai| 2. jJAnadvaita - khaMDana, samavAya, cakSu kI aprAptakAritA aura abhAva inakA samIkSaNAtmaka-adhyayana tathA 3. dharmAstikAya Adi SadravyoM tathA unakI paryAyoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| 25. vAdamAlA - prastuta grantha tIna prakaraNoM meM vibhAjita hai| prathama bhAga meM svatvavAda, sannikarSa, viSayatAvAda kA vishlessnn| dvitIya bhAga meM vastulakSaNa, sAmAnya, vizeSavAda Adi cha: viSayoM kA ullekha aura tRtIya bhAga meM citrarupa, laiMgikabhAnavAda Adi sAta viSayoM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| 26. 'anekAnta-vyavasthA' - isa grantha meM anekAnta ke svarupa kI carcA hai| 27. aspRzadgativAda - isameM siddhAtmA kA AkAza-pradezoM ke sparza ke binA lokAnta para sthiratA kA varNana hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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28. AtmakhyAMti isameM AtmA ke vibhu aNu - parimANa kA nivAraNa hai / 29. ArSamIyacaritra isameM bharatacakravartI kI jIvana-jhAMkI hai / 30. tir3anvayokti isameM tir3antapada vAle zabda kA khulAsA hai / 31. saptabhaMgInayapradIpa isameM bhaMgI aura naya kA varNana hai / 41. stotrAvalI kA saMkalana / - 32. nizAbhukti - prakaraNa 33. paramajyoti paMcaviMzikA - tathA 34. paramAtmapaMcaviMzikA - ina donoM granthoM meM paramAtmA kI stuti kA varNana hai / 35. pratimAsthApananyAya - isameM pratimA meM prabhutva, pUjyatva kI sthApanA varNita hai 36. prameyamAlA - isameM alaga-alaga vAdoM kA saMkalana hai / 37. mArgaparizuddhi - isameM mokSamArga kI vizuddhatA varNita hai 38. yatidinacaryA isameM sAdhu kI dinacaryA kA varNana hai 1 39. viSayatAvAda isameM uddezyatA Adi kA nirdeza hai| 40. siddhasahasranAmakoza - - - isameM rAtribhojana kA niSedha hai| - isameM bhagavAn ke sahasrAdhika nAmoM kA saMkalana hai 1 isameM RSabhadeva, pArzvanAtha evaM mahAvIra svAmI ke ATha stotra 42. syAdavAdarahasyapatra jisake antargata syAdvAda kI yuktiyoM kA varNana hai| 415 isameM paNDitavarga para preSita patroM kA saMkalana hai, upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne pUvavarttI AcAryoM ke granthoM ke AdhAra para jo TIkAe~ evaM vRttiyA~ likhI haiM, unakI sUcI isa prakAra hai - 1. SoDazakavRtti-yogadIpikA, 2. yogaviMzikAvRtti, 3. syAdvAdakalpalatA, 4.utpAdAdisiddhi, 5. kammapayaDibRhadaTIkA, 6. kammapayaDilaghuTIkA, 7. tattvArthasUtra ke prathama adhyAya para TIkA, 8. stavaparijJA avacUri, 9 aSTasahasrITIkA, 10. pAtaMjala For Personal & Private Use Only

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416 yogasUtraTIkA, 11. syAdvAdarahasya, 12. kAvyaprakAzaTIkA, 13. nyAyasiddhAntamaMjarI aadi| gujarAtI bhASA meM racita racanAoM ke nAma nimnAMkita haiM -1. jaMbUsvAmI kA rAsa, 2. dravyaguNaparyAyanorAsa 3. zrIpAlarAsa kI racanA meM shyog| 4. savA sau gAthA kA stavana, 5. Der3ha sau gAthA kA stavana-sAr3he tIna sau gAthA kA stavana, 6. traisaTha gAthA kA mauna ekAdazI kA stavana, 7. tIna caubIsI, 8. viharamAna bIsa jinezvara ke stavana, 9. sajjhAya, 10. samudra-vAhanasaMvAda, 11. samatAzataka, 12. samAdhizataka, aadi| isa prakAra, upAdhyAyajI ne gujarAtI bhASA meM vipula sAhitya kI racanA kI hai| adhyAtmasAra - prastuta kRti AdhyAtmika-jIvana kI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| yaha kRti saMskRtabhASIya hai| isakI zloka-saMkhyA 949 hai| yaha anuSTupa-chaMda meM nibaddha hai| upAdhyAyazrI kI isa kRti kA mukhya prayojana vyakti ke AdhyAtmika-stara ko vikasita karanA hai| 'adhyAtmasAra-anuvAda' -DaoN.prItidarzanA pustaka kI 'jaina adhyAtmavAda bhUmikA' meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne kahA hai -"adhyAtmavAda se hamArA tAtparya kyA hai ? adhyAtma zabda kI vyutpatti adhi+Atma se hai, arthAt vaha AtmA kI zreSThatA yA uccatA kA sUcaka hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM isake lie 'ajjhappa' yA ajjhattha zabda kA prayoga hai, jo Antarika-pavitratA yA Antarika-vizuddhi kA sUcaka hai| 139 yaha grantha sAta prabandha meM baMTA huA hai| prathama 53 zlokoM meM adhyAtma-mAhAtmya tathA adhyAtma-svarupa kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt, prathama-prabandha kI viSaya-vastu arthAt dambha-tyAga aura bhavasvarupa-cintA kA varNana milatA hai| dvitIya prabandha meM vairAgya kI saMbhAvanA, usake bheda tathA usake viSaya kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| tRtIya prabandha ke antargata mamatva-tyAga, samatA, sadanuSThAna, manaHzuddhi ke viSayoM 139 adhyAtmasAra -DaoN.prItidarzanA, jaina adhyAtmavAda bhUmikA, DaoN.sAgaramala jaina, pR. 7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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417 kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| Age ke prabandha meM samyaktva-grahaNa, mithyAtva-tyAga aura asadgrahaNa-tyAga ke viSayoM para prakAza DAlA hai| pAMcavAM prabandha yoga tathA dhyAnaviSayaka hai aura yahI viSaya mere zodhakArya kA hai| isalie yahAM adhyAtmasAra ke anusAra yoga tathA dhyAna kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA jA rahA hai| 'yoga-adhikAra' meM karma tathA jJAna ke do bhedoM kA varNana karate hue AvazyakAdi-kriyA arthAt zArIrika-ceSTAe~ karmayoga tathA indriyoM ke prati anAsakti jJAnayoga hai| zloka kramAka-ikkIsa meM kahA gayA hai ki prAthamika stara para yogiyoM ko satkriyA kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai aura U~ce stara meM to mAtra zama kI hI AvazyakatA rahatI hai|140 Age kahA hai- kriyA ke abhAva meM jJAna kA aura jJAna ke abhAva meM kriyA kA koI astitva nahIM hotA hai| isake madhya zlokoM meM karma tathA jJAna-yoga ke sandarbha meM carcA karate hue antima zloka meM kahA gayA hai -"karmayoga kA samyak prakAra se abhyAsa karake, jJAnayoga meM acchI taraha sthira hokara dhyAnayoga para Arur3ha hokara muni muktiyoga ko prApta kre|141 'dhyAna adhikAra' meM yazovijayajI ne 'dhyAnazataka' ke samAna hI mana ke eka hI viSaya para sthira hone ko dhyAna kahA hai aura vahI mana jaba alaga-alaga viSayoM meM kendrita hotA hai taba vaha asthira mana citta kahalAtA hai| punaH, citta kI tIna avasthAeM batAI hai -1. bhAvanA, 2. anuprekSA aura 3. cintaa| 42 tatpazcAt, dhyAna ke cAra prakAroM kA varNana kiyA hai| Arta aura raudra-dhyAna ko azubha tathA dharma aura zukladhyAna ko zubha kI koTi meM ginA hai| ArtadhyAna ke cAra prabheda, usameM kauna-kaunasI lezyA kI sambhAvanA, lakSaNa ora isa dhyAna kI sattA kisa guNasthAna taka sambhava hai, tathA usakI gati kyA hai -ina sabhI kI carcA kI gaI hai|143 zloka kramAMka-11 se 16 taka raudradhyAna kA varNana, tatpazcAt dharmadhyAna kA vizleSaNa karate 140 abhyAse satkriyApekSA yoginAM ....... - adhyAtmasAra, 15/21 141 karmayogaM samabhyasya ................ - vahI, 15/83 142 sthiramadhyavasAnaM yata ......tattridhAmatam / / - adhyAtmasAra, 16/1 143 Arta raudraM ca dharma ca zukla ......tiryagagasipradam / / - vahI, 16/3 se 10 For Personal & Private Use Only

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hue zloka kramAMka - 18 se 72 taka bhAvanA, deza, kAla, Asana, AlaMbana, krama, dhyAtavya, dhyAtA, anuprekSA, lezyA, liMga aura phala - ina bAraha saMbaMdhoM kA vistAra se vivaraNa kiyA hai| 144 dharmadhyAna ke pazcAt zukladhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai| zukladhyAna ke 1. sapRthaktvasavitarkasavicAra 2. ekatvasavitarka avicAra, 3. sUkSmakriyA - anivRtti tathA 4. samucchinnakriyA - apratipAtI - isa prakAra cAra bhedoM kI carcA, prathama do caraNa kA phala, svargaloka tathA carama do caraNa kA phala mokSa hai -- isa bAta kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 145 Age, zukladhyAna kI anuprekSA, lakSaNa, lezyA para prakAza DAlA hai aura antima zloka meM granthakAra ne kahA hai - "jo bhagavAn kI AjJA dvArA zuddha dhyAna kA yaha krama jAnakara isakA abhyAsa karate haiM, ve sampUrNa adhyAtma ko jAnane vAle hote haiN|" isI prabandha ke satrahaveM adhikAra meM dhyAna kI stuti kI gaI hai| chaThaveM prabandha ke antargata Atmanizcaya aura jinamata kI stuti kI vivecanA kI gaI hai / antima - prabandha meM anubhava tathA sajjana-ra - stuti kA varNana karake grantha ko samApta kara diyA gayA hai| Atmopalabdhi ke mArga para Age bar3hane ke lie yaha kRti atyanta sahAyakabhUta hai| sAtha hI yoga aura dhyAna-sAdhanA kI apekSA se yaha eka bahumUlya kRti hai| 146 Adhunika Adhunika yuga meM manuSya tanAvoM se grasta hai, usakA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha bhautika-sukha-suvidhAoM ko hI yathArtha sukha mAnakara eka bhrAnta jIvana jIne lagA hai| ina bhautika - suvidhAoM ko prApta karane ke lie vaha pAgala sA ho gayA hai| use na dina meM caina hai aura na rAta meM aaraam| dUsare zabdoM meM, bhautikavAdI jIvana-dRSTi ke kAraNa usakI icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ aura apekSAe~ bahuta bar3ha gaI haiN| - 144 bhAvanAdezakAlauca.. 145 savitarka savicAraM Adyeyo suralokAptiratyayostu mahodayaH / / 146 enaM dhyAnakramaM zuddhaM matvA bhagavadAjJayA / yaH kuryAdetadabhyAsaM saMpUrNAdhyAtmavid bhavet / / - vahI, 16/86 .prauDhapuNyAnubaMdhinIm / / -- vahI, 16 / 18 se 172 418 For Personal & Private Use Only vahI, 16 / 74 se 80

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unakI pUrti ke abhAva meM athavA pUrti ke sAdhanoM kI khoja meM vyakti tanAvagrasta hotA jA rahA hai| asIma AnaMda aura zAzvata zAnti ke srota ke prApta na hone kA mukhya kAraNa mAnasika tanAva tathA viparIta dhAraNAe~ haiN| isa tanAva ke kAraNa vyakti kI Atmika zAMti bhaMga ho cukI hai, ataH usa Atmika - zAnti kI khoja meM vaha punaH AdhyAtma, dhyAna aura yoga kI ora AkarSita huA hai / isa AkarSaNa ke kAraNa bhAratavarSa meM aneka prakAra kI dhyAna kI vidhAoM, paddhatiyoM kA vikAsa huA hai, usameM sarvaprathama AcArya rajanIza ne pUrva aura pazcima kI vividha dhyAna-paddhatiyoM ko eka-dUsare se saMbaMdhita karate hue unakA vikAsa kiyA hai| unhoMne yoga ke sandarbha meM 'pataMjali yoga sUtra' ke AdhAra para pustakeM likhiiN| tatpazcAt dhyAna-sAdhanA ke lie mArgadarzikA ke rupa meM unhoneM 'dhyAnayoga' pustaka likhii| jisameM dhyAna kyA hai ? sAdhakoM ke lie prAraMbhika sujhAva, dhyAna kI vidhiyA~, dhyAna meM bAdhAe~ aura aMta meM ozo se pUche gaye praznottara Adi viSaya-vastu kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| isake bAda 'dhyAna-sUtra' nAmaka pustaka meM citta-zaktiyoM ke rupAMtaraNa dvArA vicAra-zuddhi, bhAva- va - zuddhi, samyak - samAdhi ke sUtra die gae haiN| ozo kA kahanA hai ki citta aura zUnyatA se samAdhi phalita hotI hai| 147 'zuddhi aura zUnyatA se samAdhi' ke sandarbha meM AcArya rajanIza ne kahA hai" zarIra kI zUnyatA zarIra - tAdAtmya kA virodha hai| hameM aisA pratIta nahIM hotA ki hamArA zarIra hai| kisI tala para hameM pratIta hotA rahatA hai ki maiM zarIra huuN| maiM zarIra hU~ - yaha bhAva vilIna ho jAe, to zarIra - zUnyatA ghaTita hogii| zarIra ke sAtha merA tAdAtmya TUTa jAe, to zarIra - zUnyatA ghaTita hogii| 148 isI saMbaMdha meM 'samAdhi ke sapta dvAra' nAmaka pustaka bhI likhI hai| jisameM astitva se tAdAtmya kA vivecana karate hue mana ke pAra jAkara bodhisatva banane kI preraNA hai| ozo ne upaMsahAra meM eka anokhI bAta se avagata karavAyA hai - "eka hI 147 dhyAnayoga 148 419 dhyAna - sUtra ozo, pR. 5 se 10 AcArya rajanIza, pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 110 For Personal & Private Use Only --

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420 jagaha anavarata khudAI karate raheM, to hI jala milatA hai| dhyAna bhI bhItarI khudAI hai, jo niraMtaraM calanI caahie| 149 isa prakAra usane nAnAvidha dhyAna-paddhatiyoM ko vikasita kiyaa| yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye sabhI dhyAna-paddhatiyA~ jyAdAtara bhautikavAda para hI nirbhara haiN| svAsthyagata dRSTi se ozo ne kahA -"dhyAna ke lie samyak svAsthya bahuta jarurI hai aura usake lie samyak AhAra, vyAyAma aura vizrAma buniyAdI AvazyakatAe~ haiN|150 isI prakAra, pUjya satyanArAyaNajI goyanakA barmA se bhArata lauTe aura unhoMne vipazyanA kI dhyAna-paddhati ko adhika lokapriya bnaayaa| kucha hindU-saMnyAsiyoM ne pataMjali kI dhyAna aura yoga kI sAdhanA ko punaH jIvita kiyaa| isa prakAra jaina, bauddha aura hindU dharma kI vividha sAdhanA-paddhatiyA~ isa yuga meM astitva meM aaiiN| ina sabhI kA mUla lakSya to kahIM na kahIM vyakti ko tanAvoM se mukta karake AtmazAnti kI ora le jAnA hI thA, kyoMki ina sabhI sAdhanA-paddhatiyoM ne citta kI nirvikalpatA ko hI apanA lakSya banAyA hai| jaina dharma meM sarvaprathama vipazyanA se prabhAvita hokara AcArya mahAprajJa ne prekSAdhyAna vidhi kA vikAsa kiyaa| AcAryazrI ne sabase pahale yaha batAyA ki dhyAna kA prAdurbhAva kaise hotA hai| unakA maMtavya hai -"caMcalatA jitanI sahaja hai, sthiratA utanI sahaja nahIM hai| zarIra, vANI, aura mana se pare jAne kA abhyAsa sahaja nahIM hai| jo nahIM hai, vaha jaba 'hai' meM badalatA hai, taba hotA hai -dhyAna kA jnm| 151 AcArya mahAprajJajI ne 'prekSA-dhyAna paddhati' dvArA dhyAna-prakriyA kA prayogAtmakapratipAdana kiyA hai| prekSA kA tAtparya hai -sUkSmatA se nirIkSaNa karanA, dekhanA, sAkSAtkAra krnaa| muni kizanalAlajI ne 'prekSA : eka paricaya' nAmaka eka laghu pustikA meM likhA hai -prekSA jaina-sAdhanA kA arvAcIna nAma bhale hI ho; kintu 149 'samAdhi ke sapta dvAra'- bhUmikA se, ozo, pustaka se uddhRta 150 dhyAna-sUtra, pR. 33 151 'taba hotA hai dhyAna kA janma' - AcArya mahAprajJa, pustaka se uddhRta Jain Education Intemational For Personal & Private Use Only

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421 mUlataH vaha prAcIna (prAgaitihAsika) yuga se calI A rahI jaina sAdhanA-paddhati hai| mAnava-sabhyatA ke Adi pravartaka bhagavAn RSabhadeva, bAhubali, cakravartI bharata kI sAdhanA meM prekSA ke hI tattva the|152 muni kizanalAlajI ne 'prekSAdhyAna' (yaugika kriyAe~) nAmaka pustaka meM zArIrika, mAnasika evaM bhAvanAtmaka-vikAsa ke lie karIba teraha kriyAoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai, sAtha hI svabhAva-pariSkAra ke lie merudaNDa kI ATha kriyAoM para sacitra prakAza DAlA hai|153 __vartamAna meM AcArya mahAprajJa dvArA pratipAdita 'prekSAdhyAna' paddhati kA vikAsa dina-ba-dina hotA jA rahA hai| sAdhaka antaHkaraNa se isa vidhi kA prayoga kara rahA hai, kyoMki isameM prekSA, vipazyanA ke sAtha-sAtha haThayoga aura Adhunika manovaijJAnika-dRSTi kA samanvaya bhI dekhA jAtA hai| isI prekSA-dhyAna-paddhati ko AdhAra mAnate hue AcArya nAnAlAlajI ne samIkSaNa dhyAna-vidhi kA vikAsa kiyaa| AcArya nAneza ne 'samIkSaNa dhyAna sAdhanA' pustaka meM apanI anubhUtiyoM ke AdhAra para batAyA hai ki 'samIkSaNa dhyAna', arthAt svayaM ke dvArA svayaM kA avalokana karate hue AtmA ke zuddha svarupa (karmavihIna mukta avasthA) ko prApta kara sakate haiN| isI mArga ko apanAkara hama apanI dUSita vRttiyoM kA parimArjana karate hue samatA kI U~cAIyoM para pahu~ca sakate haiN| 154 samIkSaNa vaha darpaNa hai, jo na kevala hamArI bAhya-AkRti dikhAtI hai, apitu hamAre Antarika-bhaddepana ko bhI miTAtI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, isa dhyAna-vidhi meM kaSAyoM aura rAga-dveSa kI granthiyoM ko kholane kA prayatna dekhA jAtA hai| 'samIkSaNa dhyAna : eka manovijJAna' pustaka meM zAntimuni ne AcArya nAneza ke samIkSaNa-dhyAna ke sandarbha meM die gae teraha pravacanoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai| 152 prekSA : eka paricaya - muni kizanalAla, pR.2 153 prekSAdhyAna yaugika kriyAe~ - muni kizanalAla, viSayAnukrama, pR. 8-60 154 samIkSaNa dhyAna sAdhanA - AcArya zrI nAneza, pustaka se uddhRta, pR.7 For Personal & Private Use Only

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422 isI kra.! meM, sthAnakavAsI-paramparA ke AcArya zivamunijI ne AtmadhyAna kA vikAsa kiyaa| AcAryazrI ne 'dhyAna eka divya sAdhanA' pustaka meM kahA hai -"dhyAna AdhyAtmika zaktiyoM ko vikasita karake mokSa pAne kA abhyAsa hai| zuddha avasthA ko prApta karanA, svayaM ko jAna lenA, antara ke sabhI rahasyoM ko udghATita kara lenA dhyAna kA lakSya hai| 155 AcArya zivamuni dvArA likhita 'dhyAnapatha' pustaka meM dhyAna kI pRSThabhUmi, dhyAna kA kriyAtmaka-svarupa tathA upalabdhi, dhyAna sambandhI mahattvapUrNa jAnakAriyA~, dhyAnasAdhanA ke sahayogI zivira, yogAsana Adi viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| isa Atma-dhyAna kI paddhati meM mUlataH vipazyanA aura jainadharma kI sAdhanA kA samanvaya dekhA jAtA hai| isI prakAra, zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka-paramparA meM munizrI lalitaprabhasAgarajI, munizrI candraprabhasAgarajI ne sambodhi dhyAna-vidhi kA vikAsa kiyA hai| unhoMne bahuta hI sarala tarIke se dhyAna-vidhi ko prastuta kiyA hai| unhoMne kahA -"dhyAna kA mUla artha hai, sAkSIbhAva kA prAdurbhAva honaa| vyakti hara kRtya meM sAkSI aura dRSTAbhAva meM lauTa Ae, to tana-mana pratikriyAnvita nahIM hogaa| 157 sAdhaka ko gIta aura gAlI -donoM meM sAkSIrupa (samabhAva meM) rahanA hai| inase pare hokara apane-Apa kA avalokana karanA hai| 158 dhyAna meM lIna hone ke lie sabase pahale rAga-dveSAdi pravRttiyoM se dUra rahanA hogaa| dhyAna eka ora jahAM satata utpanna hone vAle bure vicAroM se mukti dilAegA to dUsarI ora vaha jIvana meM nirvikalpa-sthiti kI prApti kraaegaa| munizrI ne sambodhi-dhyAna-vidhi ke saMbaMdha meM dhyAna kI jIvanta-prakriyA, dhyAna -vijJAna Adi pustakeM likhiiN| ina pustakoM ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki yaha vidhi bhI bauddha-vipazyanA, jainaprekSA evaM pAtaMjala yoga-sAdhanA kA hI eka 15 dhyAna eka divya saadhnaa| - AcArya zivamuni, pR. 32 156 'dhyAna patha' pustaka se uddhRta 157 prastuta saMdarbha 'dhyAna-yoga' - mahopAdhyAya lalitaprabhasAgara, pustaka se uddhRta, pR.33 158 dhyAna : sAdhanA aura siddhi - candraprabhasAgara, pR. 110 For Personal & Private Use Only

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mizrita rupa hai| navIna zAha dvArA 'dhyAna a zAnti nuM dhAma' pustaka meM aura pa. pU. nirmalA mAtAjI dvArA 'nirmala surabhi pustaka meM dhyAna sambandhI viSaya-vastu ko bahuta hI sarala paddhati se sAdhakoM ko avagata karavAyA gayA hai| DaoN. camanalAla gautama ne 'dhyAna kI sarala sAdhanAe~' nAmaka pustikA meM dhyAnayoga kA svarupa, prakAra tathA zarIrastha, rupastha, mantrastha kI dhyAna-sAdhanA, dhyAtA, dhyAna aura dhyeya kI tripuTI, dhyAna kI anubhavasiddha vidhi aura trATaka kA abhyAsa Adi aneka viSayoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| dhyAna ke sandarbha meM unakA kahanA hai - "saMsAra ke sabhI mahattvapUrNa kAryoM kI saphalatA ke lie manoyoga athavA dhyAna kI, ekAgratA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| jaba citta, bhautika viSayoM se haTakara antaH pradeza meM praveza karane lagatA hai to samajhanA cAhie ki dhyAna kA uddezya pUrNa ho rahA hai|' 159 423 DaoN.nemicaMda ne 'cayanikA' nAmaka mAsika patrikA meM kucha tathyoM para prakAza DAlate hue kahA - " 1950 I. ke bAda se tIna dhyAna - paddhatiyA~ bhAratIya kSitija para AIM - 1. vipazyanA, 2. prekSA aura 3. samIkSaNa / ina paddhatiyoM ke alAvA alaga-alaga sAdhu-saMtoM sAdhakoM ne kiMcit heraphera ke sAtha apanI-apanI laghudhyAna paddhati vikasita kI aura kaI zivira Ayojita kie| 160 isa prakAra, Adhunika yuga meM jo vibhinna dhyAna-sAdhanA kI paddhatiyA~ vikasita huI haiM, unameM jaina, bauddha aura hindU - paramparA kA eka samanvaya hI pramukha rhaa| ye sabhI mAnava ko tanAvoM se mukta karane kI dizA meM gatizIla haiN| isa prakAra, 'dhyAnazataka' kI dhyAna -paddhati ko anyAnya paddhatiyoM se samanvita karane kA prayAsa huA hai| 159 dhyAna kI sarala sAdhanAe~ / - DaoN. camanalAla gautama, pR. 5, 7 160 'saMdarbha 'cayanikA' DaoN. nemicaMda jaina dvArA Alekhita jaina vidyA patrAcAra pAThyakrama kI 9 ikAI se liyA pR. 42-43 - prastuta - For Personal & Private Use Only

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424 jainadhyAna-sAdhanA tathA bauddhadhyAna-sAdhanA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana - jainadhyAna-sAdhanA aura bauddhadhyAna-sAdhanA para jaba hama tulanAtmaka-dRSTi se vicAra karate haiM, to hameM aisA lagatA hai ki donoM meM vizeSa antara nahIM hai, kyoMki donoM hI sAdhanA-paddhatiyA~ AtmasajagatA yA apramattatA kI bAta karatI haiM, sAtha hI ina donoM kI dhyAna-sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA mukhya lakSya citta kI sajagatA se cetanA kI nirvikalpa--sthiti ko prApta karanA hai, kyoMki donoM sAdhanA-paddhatiyA~ yaha mAnatI haiM ki jaba taka citta nirvikalpa nahIM hotA, taba taka mokSa yA nirvANa kI prApti saMbhava nhiiN| bauddhasAdhanA meM citta kA nirvikalpa ho jAnA, athavA vikalpazUnya ho jAnA hI sAdhanA kA lakSya hai, yAnI bhava kA abhAva athavA nirvANa ko prApta karanA hai161 aura yaha nirvANa taba hI sambhava hai, jaba tRSNA aura vedanAjanya duHkhoM kI pUrNa zAnti ho|162 indriyajanya vikAroM tathA mana ke saMsarga kI AkAMkSA yA apekSA tRSNA kahalAtI hai| ina kAmanAoM, icchAoM para vijaya pAnA bahuta kaThina hai| 163 bauddha-granthoM meM moTe taura para tRSNA ko tIna rupoM meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai - 1. kAmatRSNA, 2. bhavatRSNA aura 3. vibhavatRSNA bhautika-padArthoM ko pAne kI icchAe~, kAmanAe~ kAmatRSNA kahalAtI haiN| parapadArthoM ko mamatvabuddhi ke kAraNa apanA mAnanA, apanepana kA mithyA AropaNa karanA aura una para-padArthoM kA viyoga na ho -aisI cAha bhavatRSNA hai| duHkha, saMvedanarupa viSayoM ke saMsarga ke naSTa hone kI cAha vibhavatRSNA kahalAtI hai| 164 ina tInoM tRSNAoM se duHkha kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai ataH mUlataH ina tRSNAoM kI abhAvatA meM hI 161 saMyukta nikAya, pR. 117 162 prastuta saMdarbha 'bhAratIya darzana meM yoga - DaoN. maMgalA, pustaka se uddhRta, pR. 283 169 kAmA duratikkamA..... II, AcArAMgasUtra 1/2/5 164 jaina evaM bauddha yoga : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana, pR. 302 For Personal & Private Use Only

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mukti kA pragaTIkaraNa hai / saMyuktanikAya meM spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai ki tRSNA ke naSTa ho jAne para saba bandhana svayaM hI kaTa jAte haiN| 165 jaina sAdhanA kA lakSya mana, vacana, kAyA kI pravRttiyoM kA nirodha karanA hai, jise Agamika bhASA meM yoga-nirodha kahA gayA hai| isa yoga nirodha ke dvArA mana ko amana banA denA hai / cittavRttiyoM kI nirvikalpadazA prApta karanA hai, jise vItarAgadazA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke zabdoM meM - "samagra bhAratIya sAdhanAoM kA mukhya lakSya cetanA kI nirvikalpa - avasthA ko prApta karanA hai| yogasUtra kI apekSA se yogasAdhanA kA lakSya cittavRtti kA nirodha hai / bauddhasAdhanA meM citta kI nirvikalpa dazA ko hI nirvANa ke rupa meM paribhASita kiyA gayA hai| usameM mAnA gayA hai qi tRSNA vikalpajanya hai| vikalpoM ke nirodha ke binA tRSNA kA uccheda sambhava nahIM hai| usI prakAra, jaina- paramparA meM bhI yaha kahA gayA hai ki yoganirodha hI sAdhanA kA lakSya hai / yaha yoganirodha bhI cittavRtti kI nirvikalpatA hI hai| ise samatA yA vItarAgatA ke rUpa meM bhI mAnA gayA hai / " 166 yahA~ nirvikalpatA ko thor3A vistAra se samajhanA hai| paramasukha - vipazyanA nAmaka pustaka meM kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ne nirvikalpatA ko do vibhAgoM meM bAMTA hai| ise hama isa prakAra samajha sakate haiM jar3atArupa niHsthiti (pragAr3ha-nidrA, mUrcchA, behozI Adi jo sAdhanA ke kSetra meM anupayogI haiM) 166 -- - nirvikalpatA nirvikalpa -sthiti 165 tahAya vippahAnena savvaM chindati baMdhanaM / / - saMyuktanikAya - 1/1/65 'paramasukha - vipazyanA' kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pustaka kI bhUmikA, pR. 1 cinmayatArupa niHsthiti ( kisI abhyAsa dvArA prApta nirvikalpa {samAdhistha} hone se sAdhaka ko "maiM Anandita hUM" yaha bhAna hotA hai, isameM bhAva kI bhUmikA hotI hai / 425 For Personal & Private Use Only nirvikalpa-bodha (AtmasajagatA yA apramattatA kI sthiti hai|)

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426 sAmAnyatayA nirvikalpa-sthiti pratyeka prANI meM sAmAnya rupa se nihita hai, parantu nirvikalpa-bodha to mAtra vivekazIla tathA AdhyAtma-vikAsa ke adhikArI ko hI prApta hotA hai| nirvikalpa-sthiti meM upazama-zreNI ke samAna viSaya-vikAra kA damana hotA hai, ve samApta nahIM hote, parantu nirvikalpa-bodha meM sakala karmoM tathA viSaya-vikAroM kA nAza hotA hai, jise kSapaka-zreNI ke samAna kahA jA sakatA hai| nirvikalpa-sthiti, asthAyI arthAt AtI-jAtI rahatI hai, para nirvikalpa bodha sthAyI rahatA hai| vyakti apanA AdhyAtmika-vikAsa nirvikalpa-sthiti ke mAdhyama se nahIM, apitu nirvikalpa-bodha se hI kara sakatA hai| aba prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki nirvikalpa bodha kaise hotA hai ? kahA jAtA hai ki cittavRtti ko kisI viSaya, yA sAdhya se kendrita karake rakhane se nirvikalpa bodha nahIM hotA hai| jaina tathA bauddha-paramparA kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki mokSa yA nirvANa kI icchA, AkAMkSA, cAha bhI mokSa yA nirvANa meM bAdhA utpanna karatI hai| ye sabhI nijasvarupa ke pragaTa hone meM bAdhaka tattva haiM, jaise - pazu meM sthita bAhya-caMcalatA ko niyaMtrita karane ke lie use kisI eka sthAna para bAMdha diyA jAtA hai| isakA matalaba yaha nahIM ki usakI caMcalavRttiyA~ svabhAvataH samApta ho gii| yahI bAta hamAre mana para bhI lAgU hotI hai| bhinna-bhinna sAdhanA-paddhatiyoM ke mAdhyama se mana ke vikalpoM ko samApta karane ke lie maMtra japa, nAma japa Adi ko svIkAra kiyA gayA, para ina tathyoM se mana kI vikalpatA ko nirvikalpatA meM parivartita karane meM asaphala rahe, AMzika rupa meM vicAra sthira jarura hue, parantu sthAyI nirvikalpa-bodha ko prApta na kara ske| isa sandarbha meM DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kA kahanA hai -"sAkSIbhAva athavA jJAtAdRSTAbhAva AtmA yA citta-sattA kA svabhAva hai| yadi vyakti kI cetanA dRSTAbhAva meM avasthita rahe, to usake do pariNAma mila sakate haiN| prathama to yaha ki citta ke vikalpa samApta ho jAte haiM aura yadi ve hote bhI haiM, to AtmA yA citta mAtra unakA sAkSI hotA hai, kartA nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra, For Personal & Private Use Only

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427 vikalpa samApta hokara nirvikalpa bodha kI sthiti banatI jAtI hai| isameM cittavRtti kI sajagatA ke pariNAma svarupa nirvikalpa sthiti na hokara nirvikalpabodha hotA hai|167 jaina-sAdhanA paddhati aura bauddha-sAdhanA paddhati - ye donoM paddhatiyA~ yaha mAnakara calatI haiM ki rAga-dveSa aura tajjanya moha evaM tRSNA hI duHkha kA mUlabhUta kAraNa hai aura yaha vikalparupa hai| jaina-paramparA kA prathama Agama-aMga 'AcArAMgasUtra' meM kahA hai ki -kAmanAoM kA pAra pAnA bahuta kaThina hai| isI bAta ko aura gaharAI se samajhane ke lie Age kahA hai -"he dhIra puruSa, AzA-tRSNA aura svacchandatA kA tyAga kr| tU svayaM hI ina kAMToM ko mana meM rakhakara duHkhI ho rahA hai| 169 yahI bAta bauddha-grantha meM kahI gaI hai ki icchAvRddhi pApavRddhi kA kAraNa hai, icchAvRddhi se duHkha hote haiM, ataH icchA ko dUra karane para pApa svataH hI dUra ho jAeMge aura pApa ke dUra hote hI duHkha dUra hone meM samaya nahIM lagatA,170 kyoMki tRSNA eka jaisI vastu hai, jisase upAdhi bar3hatI hai aura jahA~ upAdhi bar3hI, vahA~ duHkha bar3hatA jAtA hai| yaha vikalpatA kI sthiti hai, isalie nirvikalpa ko prApta karanA hI dhyAna-sAdhanA kA mUlabhUta lakSya hai| isa hetu jaina-paramparA meM zarIra kI sthiratA, vANI kA mauna, mana kI ekAgratA aura aMta meM vyutsarga kI vRtti se hI dhyAna kI pUrNatA hotI hai| bauddha-paramparA meM ise vipazyanA ke mAdhyama se kiMcit bhinna rupa se samajhAyA gayA hai, vahA~ krama isa prakAra hai - 1. zvAsozvAsa ke prati sajagatA 2. zArIrika-saMvedanAoM ke prati sajagatA 167 'paramasukha-vipazyanA' - kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA, pustaka kI bhUmikA se uddhRta, pR.4 168 kAmA durtikkmaa| - AcArAMgasUtra, 1/2/5 169 AsaM ca chaMdaM ca vigiMca dhIre! tumaM ceva sllmaahttuu| - vahI, 1/2/4 17 chandajaM adhaM, chandajaM dukkhaM, chandavinayA, adhavinayo, adhavinayA dukkha vinyo| - saMyukta nikAya, 1/1/34 171 ye taNhaM vaDati te upadhiM vddddheti| ye upAdhiM vaDDheti te dukkha vddddheti| - vahI, 2/6/66 Jain Education Intemational For Personal & Private Use Only

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428 3. cittavRtti ke prati sajagatA aura, 4. cittavRtti kI nirvikalpatA isa krama ko yadi gaharAI se dekheM, to aisA lagatA hai ki donoM meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| jaina-paramparA meM bhI dhyAna ke sandarbha meM zvAsozvAsa ke prati tathA zArIrika saMvedanA ke prati sajagatA kI carcA hameM milatI hai| jaina-paramparA meM 'AvazyakacUrNi' meM kahA gayA hai -sAdhaka sAMvatsarika-pratikramaNa ke samaya 1000 zvAsozvAsa kA, cAturmAsika-pratikramaNa ke samaya 500 zvAsozvAsa kA, pAkSikapratikramaNa ke samaya 250 zvAsozvAsa kA, daivasika-pratikramaNa ke samaya 100 aura rAtrika-pratikramaNa ke samaya 50 zvAsozvAsa kA dhyAna kre| 72 isa prakAra, 'yogazAstra' meM hemacandrAcArya ne kahA hai ki sAdhaka ko dhyAna meM zArIrikasaMvedanAoM ke prati sajaga honA caahie|73 / donoM hI paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna kA antima caraNa to citta kI nirvikalpatA hI hai aura isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki donoM sAdhanA-paddhatiyA~ sAdhanA ke prAyogika pakSa meM kiMcit matabheda hote hue bhI eka hI lakSya kI ora agrasara haiM aura donoM kA antima lakSya to citta kI nirvikalpatA hI hai| bauddha-paramparA meM isa dhyAna-vidhi kA vikAsa vipazyanA ke rupa meM huA, to jaina-paramparA meM ise prekSAdhyAna kahA gayA hai| kintu vastutaH yaha donoM bhI sAkSIbhAva yA jJAtA-dRSTAbhAva kI sAdhanA hai aura isa dRSTi se donoM ke lakSya meM koI antara nahIM, yahA~ taka ki yogasUtra meM cittavRtti ke nirodha ko hI yoga mAnA gayA hai| jise jaina-paramparA meM yoganirodha kahA gayA hai, use bauddha-paramparA meM cittavRtti kA nirodha kahA hai| 12 AvazyakacUrNi, uttarabhAga, pR. 265 (kAyotsarga adhyayana) 173 yogazAstra, prakAza 4, zloka 70, 73, 77, 116 For Personal & Private Use Only

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pAtaMjala dhyAna kI yogasAdhanA tathA jainadhyAna sAdhanA : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana anta meM yahI samajhanA hai ki dhyAna AdhyAtmika urzvIkaraNa kA ananya hetu / dhyAna-sAdhanA akRtrima, akliSTa, upAdeya tathA susAdhya honA caahie| 174 pAtaMjala yogasUtra meM yaha ullekhita hai ki aSTAMgayoga ke anuSThAna se citta meM sthita azuddha-vRttiyoM kA nAza hote hI AtmA meM zuddha jJAna kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| 75 pAtaMjala yogasUtra ke anusAra, yoga ke ATha aMga nimnAMkita haiM 176 yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna tathA samAdhi / ' jaise-jaise sAdhakAtmA ina aMgoM kA kramazaH anuSThAna karatI hai, vaise-vaise usake citta kA zuddhikaraNa hotA jAtA hai| jJAna kA prakAza bar3hatA jAtA hai| anta meM vItarAgatA yA kevalajJAna kA AvirbhAva ho jAtA hai / aSTAMgayoga ke anuSThAna se sAdhaka ko do phaloM kI prApti hotI hai (1) cittagata azuddhatA kA nivAraNa, aura (2) kevalajJAna kI prApti / 177 175 ina ATha aMgoM meM pahale ke pAMca aMga bahiraMga sAdhana' 178 kahalAte haiM tathA bAda ke tIna aMga antaraMga sAdhana mAne gae haiN| 174 kabIra sAhitya kA sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR. 116 'yogAMganuSThAnAt azuddhikSaye jJAnadIptiH AvivekakhyAteH / pAtaMjala sUtra 28) 176 'yamaniyamAsanaprANAyAmapratyAhAradhAraNAdhyAnasamAdhayo'STAvaMgAni prathama ke pAMca aMga-doSoM ke nivAraNa meM sahAyaka hote haiM tathA antima tIna kevala - jJAna kI prApti meM vizeSa sahayogI mAne jAte haiN| 177 429 - yogAMganuSThAnam, azuddherviyogakAraNaM yathA parazu chedyasya, vivekakhyAtestu prAptikAraNaM yathAdharmaH sukhasya (vyAsabhASya 2 / 29) 178 'uktAni paMca bahiraMgANi sAdhanAni (vyAsabhASya 3 / 1 ) - For Personal & Private Use Only pAtaMjala yogasUtra 2/29

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430 pAtaMjala-yogadarzana ke anusAra, antima tIna aMgoM kI 'saMyama' saMjJA hai, arthAt dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi -ye tInoM aMga saMyama kahalAte haiN|179 yamAdi pAMca aMga asamprajJAta samAdhi ke kAraNa haiM aura dhAraNAdi samprajJAta-samAdhi ke aMtaraMga kAraNa haiN| ina AThoM aMgoM ke svarupa, phalazruti evaM samyak anuSThAna se milane vAlI labdhiyoM kA 'pAtaMjaladarzana' meM savistAra tathA vyavasthita rupa se varNana kiyA gayA AdhyAtmika-jagat ke AdhArastaMbha tathA bhAratIya-darzanoM meM apanA viziSTa sthAna rakhane vAle jainadharma meM ina yogAMgoM kA eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai yA nahIM ? aura yadi hai, to usakA Agama-nihita svarupa kyA hai? jainAgamoM meM pAtaMjala-darzana ke ina ATha aMgoM kA svarupa kyA hai ? inake anusAra donoM ke mUlabhUta yogAMgoM meM koI bheda hai yA nahIM ? yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai| ina ATha aMgoM kA jaina-AgamoM meM kaisA varNana hai, isakA yahA~ saMkSipta paricaya diyA jA rahA hai| 1. yama : pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ina pAMcoM ko 'yama' saMjJA prApta hai, kintu usameM una yamoM ko vrata bhI kahA gayA hai| pAtaMjala yogasUtra aura jainAgamoM meM inake svarupa kI kucha carcA bhI milatI hai| donoM paramparAoM meM inake svarupa ko lekara adhika antara nahIM hai| pAtaMjala yogasUtra meM pahale evaM dUsare yama ko kramazaH ahiMsA aura satya kahA gayA hai| jainAgamoM ke antargata hiMsA se virati yA nivRtti evaM mRSAvAda ke tyAga kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| donoM meM inake svarupa meM kisI prakAra kA matabheda nahIM hai| 179 'trayamekatra saMyamaH vahI 3-4 For Personal & Private Use Only

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431 jahA~ satya zabda pravRttiparaka hai, to vahIM dUsarI ora ahiMsA nivRttiprk| cAhe koI bhI vrata kyoM na ho, lekina usameM nivRttiparaka evaM pravRttiparaka -donoM pakSa hote haiN| jaise AgamAnusAra dharma-AcaraNa kI paripAlanA meM adharmAcaraNa kA svataH hI tyAga ho jAtA hai, vaise hI adharmAcaraNa ke tyAga kI pratijJA meM dharmAcaraNa kA svataH hI vidhAna ho jAtA hai| isI kAraNa, ahiMsAdi satpravRtti karane meM hiMsAdi kI duSpravRtti se nivRtti svataH samAhita rahatI hai| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithunasevana tathA saMgraha-vRtti kA mAnasika-vAcikakAyika rupa se parityAga karanA hI ahiMsA hai, vrata kI pAlanA hai| ahiMsA :- mana, vacana aura kAyA ke mAdhyama se bar3I yA choTI sampUrNa hiMsA rupa kriyA se nivRtta honA ahiMsAvrata hai| satya :- mAnasika, vAcika tathA kAyika-pravRtti meM sarvathA aprAmANikatA kA tyAga hI satya-vrata hai| asteya :- koI bhI vastu binA usake svAmI kI AjJA ke grahaNa karanA corI hai aura isI kA parityAga acauryavrata hai| brahmacarya :- sarvathA maithunasevana kA tyAga brahmacarya-vrata hai| aparigraha :- kisI bhI prakAra kI vastu, cAhe sthUla ho yA sUkSma, usa para mUrchA, Asakti yA mamatA kA tyAga hI aparigraha-vrata kahalAtA hai| jaba taka ina pAMcoM kA pAlana AMzika rupa se hotA hai, taba taka ve aNuvrata kahe jAte haiM aura jaba inakA pAlana pUrNataH hotA hai, to ye mahAvrata kahe jAte haiN| ___'gRhastha ke lie inakA pUrNataH pAlana zakya nahIM hai, para sAdhu ke lie zakya hotA hai| inameM ahiMsA ko prathama sthAna isalie milA, kyoMki vaha ina sabameM pradhAna hai| isa saMdarbha meM pAtaMjala yogasUtra aura jainAgamoM kA cintana prAyaH samAna hai|180 180 ka) 'tatra hiMsA sarvathA sarvadA sarvabhUtAnAmabhidroha .... -vyAsabhASya 2/30 kha) 'esA sA bhagavatI ahiMsA jAsA bhIyANa .... visattthagamaNaM ityaadi| For Personal & Private Use Only

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- 432 muni dvArA dhAraNa kie hue ina mahAvratoM meM sthiratA hetu Agama meM pratyeka vrata kI pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAe~ batAI gaI hai|181 IryAsamiti, manogupti, vacanagupti, AdAnanikSepaNa samiti aura Alokita pAna-bhojana - ye ahiMsA-vrata kI pAMca bhAvanAeM haiN| 182 isa taraha ina pAMcoM yamoM (vratoM) kI pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAe~ kahI gaI haiN| yathArtha vastutattva kA bAra-bAra smaraNa karanA hI bhAvanA hai| inakA AMzika rupa se pAlana karane vAle zrAvaka tathA pUrNarupeNa pAlana karane vAle sAdhu kahalAte haiN| . inakA pUrNarupa se pAlana karane vAle zIghra hI Atmonnati ke zikhara para pahu~ca jAte haiN| AMzika rupa se isakA pAlana karane vAle gRhasthAdi maMda gati se Atmonnati kI ora bar3hate haiN| yogasAdhanA ke lie AtmotkarSa hetu donoM mArgoM kI upayogitA rahI huI hai| 2. niyama : icchAoM ko vaza meM karane ke lie granthakAroM ne vividha prakAra ke niyamoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| pAtaMjala yogasUtra meM pAMca niyamoM kA ullekha hai, yathA- zoca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya tathA iishvrprnnidhaan| deha aura mana kI zuddhikaraNa kA nAma zoca hai| zarIranirvAha hetu parapadArthoM ke prati mUrchA kA tyAga santoSa hai| cittavizuddhi hetu kiyA gayA tapAnuSThAna hI tapa hai| sadgranthoM kA maMthana svAdhyAya hai tathA paramAtmA ke svarupa kA cintana IzvarapraNidhAna hai| ga) 'ekkaMciya etthavayaM nidiTuM jiNaverahiM svvehi| pANAtIvAryaviramaNavasesA ttassa rkkhtttthaa|| -niyukti 18| 'paMcayAmassa paNavIsaM bhAvaNAo paNNattA' paMcayAmasya paMcaviMzatiH bhAvanAH prjnyptaaH| -samavAyAMga, sama 25 182 ka) 'IriyA samiI maNaguttI .............. haasvivege| -samavAyAMga kha) praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 2.5.163 pRSTha 250 For Personal & Private Use Only

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433 Agama-sUtroM meM bhI zocAdi kA varNana milatA hai| 183 Atma-pariNAmoM kI zuddhatA ke lie niyamoM kI paramAvazyakatA hai| zocabhAva se sAttvika bhAvoM kI vRddhi, santoSabhAva se uccatama Atmika-sukha kI prApti, svAdhyAya ke mAdhyama se abhISTa darzana kI upalabdhi, tapa se indriyavijaya tathA IzvarapraNidhAna se Atma-samAdhi kA lAbha milatA hai| jainadarzana meM ina pAMcoM kA ullekha to hai hI, sAtha hI battIsa yogasaMgrahoM kA ullekha bhI niyama ke rupa meM milatA hai| 184 3. Asana : ___ yoga ke aSTAMgoM meM tIsarA sthAna Asana kA hai| pAtaMjala yogasUtra ke anusAra Asana-sukha evaM sthiratApUrvaka vibhinna prakAra kI zArIrika-mudrAoM meM baiThanA Asana hai|185 dhyAna tathA yogamArga para Age bar3hane ke lie Asana-siddhi kI paramAvazyakatA mAnI gaI hai| jainAgamoM meM bahiraMga-tapa kA eka prakAra hai -kaayklesh| kAyakleza ke antargata AsanoM kA vivecana AtA hai| usameM bhI vividha prakAroM ke AsanoM kA vivaraNa milatA hai|186 vIrAsana, padmAsana, kamalAsana, godohAsana, sukhAsana ityAdi aneka prakAroM ke AsanoM kA jaina-granthoM meM ullekha milatA hai| 87 . ina AsanoM ke abhyAsa ke dvArA citta svataH hI apanI asthira pravRttiyoM ko tyAgakara ekAgra hone lagatA hai| Asana ke saMdarbha meM hemacandra ne eka mahattvapUrNa bAta 183 'kiM te bhaMte! jattA ? somilaa| jame tava niyamasaMjamasajjhAyajjhANAvassamayAdIesa jogesu jayaNA se tataM jttaa'| -bhagavatIsUtra za.18, uttarAdhyayana 10 sU. 646 184 battIsaM jogasaMgahA paM. taMjahA-1 AloyaNa .. .........ArAhaNAya maraNaMte' -samavAyAMga, samavAya 32 185 'sthirasukhamAsanam / -yogadarzana, 2-46 186 'se kiM taM kaaykilese| aNegavihe paNNate taM jahA-ThANaTThitie-DhANAie -aupapA.sR.bAhyata sU. 19 . 187 isake lie dazAzrutaskaMdhasUtra kI sAtavIM dazA kA avalokana karanA caahie| For Personal & Private Use Only

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434 batAI hai -jisa-jisa Asana ke prayoga se sAdhaka kA mana sthira bane, usI Asana kA prayoga dhyAna ke samaya kiyA jAnA caahie|188 4. prANAyAma : Asana ke pazcAt aSTAMgoM meM prANAyAma kA varNana AtA hai| pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM yaha ullekha189 hai ki prANAyAma kI prakriyA ke mAdhyama se jJAna kA AvaraNa karane vAle jJeyAvaraNa kSINa ho jAte haiM aura manovRtti nizcala ekAgra ho jAtI hai| bAhara kI zuddha havA ko andara khIMcanA tathA andara kI azuddha havA (vAyu) ko bAhara nikAlanA -yaha zvAsa-prazvAsa kI sahaja prakriyA hai| zarIrastha vAyu ke pA~ca prakAra aura pA~ca sthAna hote haiM - zarIrastha vAyu ke prakAra prANavAyu ke rahane kA sthAna 1. prANa - nAbhi, hRdaya aura nAsikA ke agrabhAga meN| 2. apAna - gardana ke pIche nAr3iyoM meM tathA gurdA sthAna meN| 3. samAna - sandhiyoM meN| 4. udAna - hRdaya, kaNTha, tAlu, mastiSka ke madhya meN| 5. vyAna. - zarIra ke samasta bhAgoM meN| pataMjali ke anusAra, zvAsa ke Ane-jAne meM vyavadhAna na ho, yahI prANAyAma hai| yaha tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai - (1) recaka (2) pUraka, aura (3) kumbhaka 1. recaka - nAbhi-pradeza meM sthita vAyu ko yatnapUrvaka dhIre-dhIre nAsArandhra se bAhara nikAlanA recaka hai| 188 yogazAstra, caturthaprakAza -134 189 ka) tataH kSIyate prakAzAvaraNam -2/52 kha) prANAyAmAnabhyastayo'sya yoginaH kSIyate viveka jJAnAvaraNIyaM karma ........... || -vyAsabhASya For Personal & Private Use Only

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2. pUraka pUraka hai| 190 - 3. kumbhaka 191 192 prANAyAma hai| niyamita prANAyAma ke abhyAsa se bhItara meM dhAraNA kI yogyatA bar3hatI hai / yahA~ eka bAta samajhane yogya hai ki jaina - paramparA meM hemacandrAcAryakRta yogazAstra evaM zubhacandragaNikRta jJAnArNava meM prANAyAma ke saMdarbha meM kAphI vistRta vizleSaNa hai, kintu mUlAgamoM meM prANAyAma se saMbaMdhita koI Thosa varNana nahIM milatA hai| isase yahA~ yaha pratIta hotA hai ki prAcIna jainadRSTi isa viSaya meM taTastha rahI ho| isakA eka kAraNa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki jaina - sAdhanA paddhati meM prANAyAma kA varNana to prApta hai, kintu use mukti kI sAdhanA meM jarurI nahIM mAnA gayA ho / 190 AcArya hemacandra ke yogazAstra meM 91 evaM upAdhyAya yazovijaya ke 'jainadRSTyA parIkSitaM pataMjaliyogadarzana 192 nAmaka graMtha meM mokSa - sAdhanA ke lie prANAyAma ko asvIkAra kiyA gayA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki prANAyAma se mana zAMta nahIM hotA, apitu kSubdha ho jAtA hai| zArIrika dRSTi se cAhe prANAyAma upayogI siddha ho sakatA hai, parantu mAnasika dRSTi se upayogI nahIM hai| bAhara ke vAyu ko yatnapUrvaka nAsArandhra ke dvArA bhItara khIMcanA -- phira bhI, AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kAyotsarga meM zvAsoM kI jo praNAlI batAI hai, vaha zvAsaprekSA sadRza lagatI hai| jainAgamoM ke antargata jo dRSTivAdarupa bArahavAM aMga hai, usameM vibhaMgapUrva ke bArahaveM vibhAga meM jo prANavAyu pUrva ke nAma se uddhRta haiM, jisameM prANa, apAna kA savistAra ullekha rahA thA, isase yaha to spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina-manISI prANAyAma se bhalibhA~ti paricita the, phira bhI mokSamArga meM use Avazyaka nahIM mAnate the / yogasUtra - 2 / 9 yogazAstra - 6.4 / 5.5 'jainadRSTayA parIkSitaM pataMjali yogadarzanam - u. yazovijayakRta 2.55 adhyAtmasAra se uddhRta 435 AkRSTa vAyu kI nAbhipradeza meM sthApanA karanA kumbhaka For Personal & Private Use Only

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436 5. pratyAhAra . maharSi pataMjalikRta yogasUtra meM pratyAhAra kI vyAkhyA yaha hai ki apane viSayoM se sambaddha indriyoM kA citta meM ekIkaraNa ho jAnA pratyAhAra hai| 193 indriyavijayI banane hetu pratyAhAra apekSaNIya hai, kyoMki indriyoM para vijaya prApta sAdhaka samatA ko prApta kara dhyeya para avasthita hone kI kSamatA ko prApta kara letA hai| jaina-granthoM meM pratyAhAra ko pratisaMllInatA kahA gayA hai| jainAgamAnusAra, pratisaMllInatA arthAt zarIra, indriya tathA mana ko azubha pravRttiyoM se lauTA lenA hai| jainAgamoM meM pratisaMllInatA ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai,194 yathA - (1) indriya-pratisaMllInatA . (2) kaSAya-pratisaMllInatA (3) yoga-pratisaMllInatA / (4) viviktshynaasnsevntaa| 6. dhAraNA - pataMjali ne dhAraNA kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai - jaise sUrya, candrAdi bAhyadeza meM sthita haiM, vaise hI hRdayakamala, nAbhicakra, AjJAcakrAdi Abhyantara-deza, arthAt zarIra meM sthita haiN| inameM se kisI bhI eka deza-sthAna para citta kA sthira ho jAnA dhAraNA kahalAtI hai| AgamoM meM kisI eka pudgala-vizeSa para yA kisI sUkSma yA sthUla viSaya-vastu para cittavRtti ko sthira karake mana kI ekAgratA sampAdanArtha dhAraNA kA samarthana kiyA hai|195 niSkarSataH, dhyeya padArtha meM cittavRtti kI ekAgratA hI dhAraNA hai| 193 'svaviSayAsaMprayoge citta svarUpAnukAra ivendriyANAM ...... prtyaahaarH| -bhojavRtti 2.154 194 'se ki taM paDisaMlINayAdya ? cauvvihA paNNtAM taM - iMdiapaDisalINayA, kasAyapaDisaMlINayA, jogapaDisaMlINayA, vivittasayaNAsaNa sevnnyaa| -aupapAtikasatra bAhyatapo'dhikA 195 bhagavatIsUtra za. 3 u. 2 meM bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ne apanI tapazcaryA kA varNana karate hue dhyAna ke lie kisI eka pudgala para dRSTi ko sthira karane kA nirdeza kiyA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

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437 7. dhyAna - yoga ke anya aMgoM kI dRSTi se dekhA jAe, to lagatA hai ki yaha dhyAna sabase mahattvapUrNa hai| citta kI anavarata evaM abAdhita rupa se dhyeya vastu para ekAgratA ho jAnA dhyAna hai|196 dhyAna se utpanna hone vAlI ekAgratA se AtmotkarSa meM apUrva pragati hotI hai| isI hetu jaina-siddhAntoM meM dhyAna kA vistArapUrvaka vizleSaNa huA hai, sAtha hI usakI nijasvarupa ke bhAna, Atmonnati evaM sarvajJatA kI bhUmikA se nikaTatA darzAyI gaI hai, ataH ATha yogAMgoM meM yaha atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| zAstroM meM dhyAna ko cAra vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai197 - .. (1) ArtadhyAna (2) raudradhyAna (3) dharmadhyAna aura (4) shukldhyaan| inameM bhI pratyeka dhyAna ke cAra-cAra upabheda bhI haiN| prathama do Artta aura raudra dhyAna saMsAra kI paramparA ko bar3hAne vAle hone se durdhyAna mAne gae haiM aura ye sAdhaka ke lie sarvathA tyAjya haiN| antima ke do dhyAna to mokSa mArga ke heturupa hone se sudhyAna mAne gae haiN| ye donoM dhyAna grahaNa karane yogya haiN|198 1. ArtadhyAna - jisameM mAtra duHkha kA cintana-manana ho, vaha ArtadhyAna hai| 2. raudradhyAna - niSThura tathA krUra pravRtti vAle prANI ke vyavahAra ko raudrarupa mAnA gayA hai| usakA dhyAna raudradhyAna hai| 3. dharmadhyAna - jisakI cittavRttiyA~ mAtra dharma-sAdhanA meM jur3I huI rahatI haiM, use dharmadhyAna kahA jAtA hai| 19 tatra pratyayaikatAnatA dhyAnam (yoga 3/2) 197 'cattAri jhANA paNNattA, taMjahA - aTTe jhANe, rodde jhANe, dhamme jhANe, sukke jhaanne| (vyAkhyAprajJaptizata 25 udde, 7 sU. 903) 198 'teya viseseNa subhaasvaado'nnuttraamrsuhNc| doNhaM sukkANa phalaM parinivvANaM parillANaM / / -dhyAnazataka zloka 95 For Personal & Private Use Only

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438 yaha zukladhyAna kA sAdhana yA mAdhyama hai| isake binA zukladhyAna zakya nahIM hotA hai| yogamArga meM udyamazIla sAdhaka ke lie dharmadhyAna mAnasika-ekAgratA hetu paramopayogI hai| 4. zukladhyAna - zukladhyAna sabase uttama dhyAna hai| AtmasamAdhi kI saMprApti isase hI sampanna hotI hai| isameM sarvottama-saMhanana99, sarvocca cittavizuddhivRtti tathA paryApta zArIrika zakti evaM UrjA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, kyoMki sAdhAraNa bala vAle sAdhaka ke samakSa asahanIya pIr3A yA kaSTa ke prasaMga utpanna ho jAeM, to dhyAna meM vyavadhAna A jAtA hai| dhyAnazataka kI TIkA meM haribhadrasUri zukladhyAna kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahate haiM:- 'zoka-nivartaka ekAgra cittavRtti nirodha hI zukladhyAna hai 200 arthAt jisake mAdhyama se sthita zoka kI sadA ke lie nivRtti ho jAe, aisA ekAgracittanirodha hI zukladhyAna hai| zukladhyAna ke bhI cAra bheda haiM - pRthaktvavitarka-savicAra - trividha yogayukta prANI ko|201 ekatvavitarka-avicAra - ekayogayukta prANI ko| sUkSmakriyA-apratipAtI - sirpha kAyayogayukta prANI ko| samucchinnakriyA-nivRtti - sampUrNa yogarahita ayogI-kevalI ko| zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNa chadmastha avasthA vAle yogI ko hote haiN| ye gyArahaveM aura bArahaveM guNasthAnavartI hote haiN| antima do caraNa ekamAtra kevalI sarvajJa meM hI saMbhava hai| prathama do meM sarvocca zrutajJAna tathA anta ke do meM vizuddhatama kevalajJAna hotA hai| 199 'uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintA nirodho dhyaanm|' -tattvArtha sUtra -9/27 200 zucaM klamayatIti zuklaM-zokaM glapayatItyarthaH, dhyAyate cintyate'nena tattvamiti-dhyAnamekAgracittanirodha ityrthH| -dhyAnazataka TIkA, zloka 1 201 tryekayogakAyayogAyogAnAm / 140 / / -tattvArtha sUtra adhyAya- 9 Jain Education Interational For Personal & Private Use Only

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439 pAtaMjala yogasUtra meM saMprajJAta-yoga ke vitarkAnugata, vicArAnugata, AnandAnugata tathA asmitAnugata-rupa jo cAra bheda batAe haiM,202 ve zukladhyAnAntargata A jAte haiN| cauthe bheda meM sampUrNa manovRttiyoM kA pUrNarupeNa niSedha ho jAne para AtmA, ajara, amara, avicala, avinAzI, siddha-buddha aura mukta bana jAtI hai| yahA~ AtmA ko ativizuddha mUlasthiti kI prApti hotI hai aura AtmA loka ke anta bhAga meM jAkara vizrAma letI hai| 8. samAdhi - yogAMgoM kA antima aMga samAdhi hai| samasta saMkalpa-vikalpoM se rahita cittavRtti kI jo nirvikalpatA hai, vahI samAdhi kahalAtI hai| jaba dhyAna meM citta ekarupatA yA tanmayatA prApta kara dhyeya ke svarupa meM lIna ho jAtA hai, vahI samAdhi hai| isameM AtmA apane vAstavika svarupa meM nimagna rahatI hai aura nijAnanda kA anubhava karatI hai| pAtaMjala203 yogasUtra ke mAdhyama se yaha bAta sAmane AtI hai ki jaba dhyAtA dhyeya vastu ke svarupa se ekAkAra hokara usa svarupa meM lIna ho jAtA hai, taba vaha samAdhi ko prApta karatA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki dhyAna meM dhyAtA, dhyAna tathA dhyeya bhinna-bhinna avasthA meM dikhate haiM, parantu samAdhi-dazA meM tInoM hI eka pratIta hote haiN| dhyAna se sAdhya samAdhi kA yahI saMkSipta svarupa hai, jise pAtaMjala-darzana ne samAdhi nAmaka yoga kA AThavAM aMga kahA hai| 202 yogasUtra 203 ka) 'tadevArthanirbhAsaM svarUpa zUnyamiva samAdhiH / -yogasUtra 3/3 kha) 'dhyAnameva dhyeyAkAranirbhAsaM pratyAtmake svarUpeNa zUnyamiva yadA bhavati, dhyeyasvabhAvAvezAttadA smaadhirityucyte| - vyAsabhASyam For Personal & Private Use Only

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440 jainAgamAnusAra muktAvasthA se pUrva caudahaveM guNasthAna meM ayogI-dazA vRtti nirodha hai| yahI zukladhyAna kI sarvazreSTha tathA utkRSTa dazA hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki yahA~ samAdhi ke lie bhI prayatna nahIM hotA hai| maharSi pataMjalikRta yogasUtra meM yogAMga ke rupa meM jisa samAdhi kA varNana kiyA hai, vaha to zukladhyAna ke prAraMbhika-stara meM hI samAhita ho jAtI hai| dhyAna tathA samAdhi meM jo bheda hai vaha bhI zukladhyAna ke prathama evaM dvitIya bheda ke antargata hI Ate haiM, ataH jainadRSTi ke anusAra dhyAna hI yoga kA dUsarA rupa hai aura usakI sarvotkRSTatA zukladhyAna meM hai| yadi aSTAMgayoga ke jainAgamAnusArI isa saMkSipta svarupa para ekAgratA se avalokana kareM, to yaha pratIta hotA hai ki yoga ke viSaya meM donoM darzana eka-dUsare ke atinikaTa haiN| isa viSaya meM zAbdika tathA pAribhASikabhinnatA hone para bhI eka Antarika-samAnatA dikhAI detI hai| ____ maharSi pataMjali ne avidyAdi klezoM ke nAza tathA samAdhi kI prApti hetu sabase prathama sthAna tapa ko diyA hai| jaina-zAstroM meM bhI Atmavizuddhi hetu tapa ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| yoga ke aMgarupa aMtaraMga tathA bahiraMga jitane bhI sAdhana haiM, ve sabhI jainadarzana ke dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna meM samAhita haiN| jainAgamoM meM dhyAnayoga tathA maharSi pataMjali kA samAdhiyoga -donoM eka-dUsare ke adhika nikaTa tathA paraspara paricita pratIta hote haiN| tAMtrikasAdhanA aura jainadhyAnasAdhanA - jaina dhyAna-sAdhanA para taMtra kA prabhAva atiprAcInakAla se hI dekhA jAtA hai| pAtaMjala 'yogasUtra' kI yoga-sAdhanA aura jaina-yogasAdhanA ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana meM hamane dekhA ki jaina-paramparA meM prANAyAma kI sAdhanA ko koI mahattva nahIM diyA gayA, kintu paravartIkAla meM tAMtrika-sAdhanA ke prabhAva se hama dekhate haiM ki jainaparamparA meM na kevala prANAyAma ko sthAna milA, kintu usameM IDA, piMgalA aura suSumnA ke jAgaraNa aura SaTcakra-bhedana kI bAta bhI A gii| For Personal & Private Use Only

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haThayoga aura tantra - sAdhanA meM deha meM sthita SaTacakroM ke bhedana aura kuNDalinI jAgaraNa kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM eka bAta milatI hai, vahA~ kahA gayA hai - sAdhaka ko antaHkaraNa meM utarakara deha ke bhItarI bhAgoM meM avasthita granthiyoM tathA unake antaHsrAvoM ko dekhanA cAhie, lekina SaTcakra-bhedana aura kuNDalinI jAgaraNa kI carcA lagabhaga 11vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvavartI jaina sAhitya meM nahIM milatI hai| saMbhavataH tantra aura haThayoga ke prabhAva se hI jainaparamparA meM zubhacandra (11vIM zatAbdI) aura hemacandra ( 12vIM zatAbdI) ke granthoM meM prANAyAma aura unake vibhinna rUpoM ke sAtha-sAtha piNDastha, padastha, rupastha aura rupAtIta ina cAra ke dhyAnoM tathA pArthivI, AgneyI, mAruti, vAruNI aura tattvavatI Adi pAMca dhAraNAoM kI carcA milatI hai / yadyapi hemacandra ne kuNDalinI jAgaraNa aura SaTcakrabhedana kI koI bAta nahIM kI hai| jahA~ taka merI jAnakArI hai, sarvaprathama 13 vIM zatAbdI meM 'parameSThividyAmantrakalpa' meM isakA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| ve likhate haiM ki kuNDalinItantudyutisaMbhRtamUrtIni sarvabIjAni / zAntyAdi - saMpade syurityeSo gurukrmo'smaakm|| kiM bIjairiha zaktiH kuNDalinI sarvadevavarNajanuH / ravi - candrAntardhyAtA bhuktyai ca gurusAram / / " 205 204 isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kuNDalinI nAr3I sabhI bIjAkSaroM aura unase nirmita maMtroM kI prakAzavAn mUrti hai / yaha zAnti aura sampadAoM kA AdhAra hai / 441 sUryanAr3I, candranAr3I athavA Ir3A, piMgalA nAr3I meM bIjAkSaroM kA dhyAna karane se bhoga-sampadA aura suSumnA meM dhyAna karane se mukti kI prApti hotI hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jaina - paramparA meM tAntrika - sAdhanA ke prabhAva se lagabhaga 13 vIM zatAbdI meM kuNDalinI jAgaraNa, SaTcakrabhedana Adi kI carcA prArambha huI / 204 AcArAMgasUtra, 1/2/5 205 parameSThividyAyantrakalpa / - siMhatilakasUri, zloka -72-74 isa kAla ke digambara- paramparA meM likhe gae kucha granthoM meM bhI isa prakAra kI carcA milatI hai| aise nirdeza to hameM milate haiM, kintu unake mUlagranthoM ke prApta na For Personal & Private Use Only

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hone ke kAraNa hama usa saMbaMdha meM vizeSa carcA nahIM kara pA rahe haiN| zvetAmbaraparamparA meM lagabhaga 17 vIM zatI meM hue avadhUta yogI AnaMdaghana jI mahArAja ne apane stavanoM meM isakI carcA kI hai aura isa sAdhanA ko jaina - adhyAtma se jor3ane kA prayatna kiyA hai| apane eka pada meM ve likhate haiM ki mhAro bAlUDo saMnyAsI deha devala maThavAsI / iDA piMgalA mAraMga taji jogI, sukhamanA dhari AsI / brahmaraMdhra madhi AsaNapUrI bAbU anahada nAda bajAsI / / mhAro / / 1 / / jama niyama AsaNa jayakArI prANAyAma abhyAsI / pratyAhAra dhAraNA dhArI dhyAna samAdhi samAsI / / mhAro / / 2 / / mUla uttara guNa mudrAdhArI parayaMkAsanacArI / recaka pUraka kuMbhakakArI mana indrI jayakArI / / mhAro / / 3 / / thiratA joga jugati anukArI Apo ApavicArI / Atama paramAtama anusArI sIjhe kAja savArI || mhAro || 4 || 442 isa prakAra mUlAdhAra, svAdhiSThAna, maNipUra, anAhata, vizuddhi, AjJAcakra ina 7 cakroM kI carcA bhI hindU tAntrika sAdhanA paddhati ke prabhAva se jaina - paramparA meM AI hai / hamAre zodha - grantha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA praNIta 'dhyAnazataka' meM isakI koI carcA nahIM milatI haiM inake pazcAt 8 vIM zatAbdI meM AcArya haribhadra, 11vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya zubhacandra aura 12 vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya hemacandra ne bhI ina cakroM kI koI carcA nahIM kI hai| isase hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMca sakate haiM ki jaina - paramparA meM dhyAna kA lakSya mAtra Atmavizuddhi hone se kuNDalinI jAgaraNa, SaTcakrabhedana Adi kI sAmAnyatayA koI carcA nahIM huI / jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM nirdeza kiyA sarvaprathama AcArya vibudhacandra ke ziSya siMhatilakasUri ne 'parameSThividyAyaMtrakalpa' meM 13 vIM zatAbdI meM cakroM kA ullekha For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #469
443 kiyA hai| yadyapi una cakroM ke nAma bauddha tAntrika-paramparA se bhinna aura hindU tAntrika-paramparA se prabhAvita lagate haiN| siMhatilakasUri kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne ina SaTcakroM ke sthAna para navacakra kI kalpanA kI hai|206 yadyapi tAntrika-paramparA ke anurupa unhoMne bhI ina cakroM kA sthAna zarIra meM hI mAnA hai| unake anusAra AdhAracakra gudA ke madhyabhAga meM, svAdhiSThAnacakra liMga ke mUlabhAga meM, maNipUrakacakra nAbhi meM, anAhatacakra hRdaya ke samIpa, vizuddhicakra kaNTha meM, lalanAcakra tAlu ke kaNThakUpa ke samIpa, AjJAcakra kapAla meM donoM bhauMhoM ke bIca, brahmarandhracakrama mUrdhA ke samIpa aura suSumnAcakra mastiSka ke UrdhvabhAga meM sthita hai|207 isI prakAra unhoMne cakroM ke daloM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, kintu vistAra bhaya se yahA~ vaha carcA apekSita nahIM hai| isa saMbaMdha meM vizeSa carcA siMhatilakasUri ke 'parameSThividyAyantrakalpa' meM tathA DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke 'jainadharma aura tAntrikasAdhanA' nAmaka grantha meM milatI hai| Adhunika yuga meM 'AcArya zrI mahAprajJa jI' ne ina cakroM ko yA dhyAnakendroM ko zarIra meM sthiti vibhinna granthiyoM se jor3ane kA prayAsa kiyA hai tathA prekSAdhyAna ke lie zarIra meM sthita 13 zaktikendroM kA bhI ullekha kiyA tathA una kendroM ko jAgRta karane kI prakriyA bhI batAI hai, kintu vistArabhaya se una sabakI carcA bhI Avazyaka nahIM lagatI hai, kyoMki hamArI zodha kA mUla viSaya AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA racita 'dhyAnazataka' aura usakI haribhadrIya TIkA hI hai jo jaina-paramparA meM dhyAnavidhi kA ullekha karane vAlA AgamoM para AdhArita prathama svataMtra grantha hai| isa para haribhadra kI TIkA bhI prAcIna hI hai| kintu inameM prANAyAma, SaTcakra kuNDalinI bhedana kI koI carcA nahIM hai| 206 AdhArAkhyaM svAdhiSThAna maNipUrNa mhnaahtm| vishuddhi-llnaa-'jnyaa-brhm-sussumnnaakhyyaanv|| -parameSThividyAyaMtrakalpam, zloka-5 207 gudamadhya-liMgamUle nAbhau hRdi kaNTha-ghaNTikA bhaale| mUrdhanyUz2a nava SaT kaNThAntA paMca bhAlayutAH / / - vahI, zloka -58 For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #470
444 isa prakAra prastuta adhyayana meM hamane prathama to jaina-paramparA meM dhyAna-sAdhanA ke aitihAsika vikAsa kI carcA karate hue vibhinna yugoM meM usakA svarupa kyA rahA hai, yaha batAyA hai aura isI AdhAra para bauddha dhyAna-sAdhanA, pAtaMjalayoga kI dhyAna sAdhanA aura tAMtrika dhyAna-sAdhanA kA tulanAtmaka vivaraNa dete hue yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki jaina-paramparA para anya dhyAna sAdhanAoM kA prabhAva kisa rupa meM AyA hai kintu samIkSya zodha-grantha prAcInatama hone ke kAraNa unake prabhAvoM se kitanA mukta rahA hai| -------000------ For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #471
jinabhadagaNikRta dhyAnazataka evaM usakI haribhadIya TIkA: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana saptama adhyAya-upasaMhAra 1. vizva kI pramukha samasyAe~ aura tadjanya tanAva 2. tanAva ke kAraNa 3. tanAva-mukti aura dhyAna 4. vyakti ke AdhyAtmika-vikAsa meM dhyAna For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #472
445 upasaMhAra bhArata ke sabhI pramukha dharmoM kA mukhya lakSya cetanA kI nirvikalpa-avasthA ko prApta karanA hai| isa cetanA kI nirvikalpa-avasthA ko samAdhi bhI kahA gayA hai| yaha nirvikalpa-avasthA dhyAna ke mAdhyama se hI saMbhava hai, ataH sabhI bhAratIya dharmoM aura darzanoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA ko eka pramukha sthAna diyA gayA hai, kyoMki dhyAna kA lakSya citta kI vikalpa-zUnyatA hI hai| kahIM dhyAna aura samAdhi ko alaga-alaga karate hue dhyAna ko citta kI ekAgratA aura samAdhi ko citta kI nirvikalpatA yA cittavRtti kI zUnyatA mAnA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sabhI bhAratIya-dharmoM meM dhyAna-sAdhanA ko eka pramukha sthAna diyA gayA hai| jaina dharma bhI usakA apavAda nahIM hai| usake anusAra, mokSa yA nirvANa kI prApti kA antima kAraNa zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNoM kI sAdhanA hai| jaina dharma meM yadyapi dhyAna kA vivecana aneka AgamoM meM yatra-tatra bikharA huA milatA hai, kintu dhyAna-sAdhanA para eka suniyojita prathama evaM prAcInatama grantha ke rUpa meM dhyAnazataka (dhyAnAdhyayana) hI milatA hai| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM nirdeza kiyA hai ki yaha grantha jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA vikrama kI chaThavIM zatAbdI meM likhA gayA hai| isa grantha aura granthakAra ke viSaya meM hamane prastuta zodha-prabandha ke prathama adhyAya meM vistAra se carcA kii| . . isa grantha ke pazcAt Agamika-vyAkhyAoM meM evaM tattvArthasUtra kI zvetAmbara aura digambara-TIkAoM meM dhyAna kA vivecana huA hai, kintu isake bAvajUda bhI dhyAna-sambandhI koI svatantra grantha hamArI jAnakArI meM nahIM hai| dhyAna ke sandarbha meM vistAra se carcA karane vAle granthoM meM digambara-paramparA ke AcArya zubhacandra kA jJAnArNava aura zvetAmbara-paramparA meM AcArya hemacandra kA yogazAstra pramukha hai, kintu yaha spaSTa hai ki ina donoM granthoM kI apekSA dhyAnazataka na kevala prAcIna hai, apitu anya paramparAoM ke prabhAva se bhI prAyaH mukta hai| jahA~ jJAnArNava aura usake bAda . For Personal Private Use Only

Page #473
446 racita yogazAstra meM dhyAna ke sambandha meM jo vistRta vivecanA hai. vaha pAtaMjala yogasUtra, haThayoga-pradIpikA, airaNDasaMhitA Adi se prabhAvita hai, vahIM tattvArthasUtra mUla evaM dhyAnazataka (dhyAnAdhyayana) ina prabhAvoM se pUrI taraha mukta haiM aura jaina Agamika-dhArA kA hI anusaraNa karate hue pratIta hote haiN| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM nirdeza kiyA ki zubhacandra kA jJAnArNava aura hemacandra kA yogazAstra dhyAna-sAdhanA kI anya paramparAoM aura vizeSa rUpa se hindU-tantra se prabhAvita haiM, kyoMki ina granthoM meM prANAyAma ke vividha rUpoM ke sAtha-sAtha dhyAna ke piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta -ina cAra prakAroM tathA pArthivI, AgneyI, mArUti, vArUNI aura tattvavatI -ina pAMca dhAraNAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, jo jaina Agamika-paramparA aura vizeSa rUpa se dhyAnazataka meM kahIM bhI hameM prApta nahIM hotA hai| dhyAnazataka kA varNya-viSaya mUlataH jaina-paramparAgata dhyAna ke cAra prakAroM unake svarUpa, lakSaNoM, AlaMbanoM Adi ko AdhAra banAkara hI calatA hai| jainaparamparA meM dhyAna ke cAra prakAroM meM Artta aura raudra-dhyAna ko saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA hetu tathA dharma aura zukla-dhyAna ko mokSa kA hetu mAnA gayA hai| dhyAna kA yaha caturvidha- vargIkaraNa anya kisI bhI bhAratIya dhyAna-paramparA meM nahIM milatA hai| isa prakAra, dhyAnazataka (dhyAnAdhyayana) prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha jaina dharmadarzana kA eka maulika grantha hai| dhyAnazataka para kucha TIkAe~ bhI likhI gaI haiM, jinameM AcArya haribhadra kI TIkA vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai| isakA nirdeza bhI hamane prastuta zodha-prabandha ke prathama adhyAya meM kiyA hai| upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM hama yahA~ prastuta zodha-prabandha ke pratyeka adhyAya kI varNya viSaya-vastu kI carcA kareMge - prathama adhyAya - For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #474
447 - prastuta zodha-praba dha kA prathama adhyAya mukhyataH paricayAtmaka hI hai| isameM grantha aura granthakAra kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| yaha grantha prAkRta bhASA meM eka sau pA~ca gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isakI prAkRta arddhamAgadhI hai| mUla grantha kI viSaya-vastu meM jaina-paramparAgata cAroM prakAra ke dhyAnoM kI carcA hai| prastuta zodha-prabandha meM hamane grantha-paricaya ke pazcAt granthakAra kA paricaya diyA hai| isameM jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kI vistRta carcA karate hue yaha siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki prastuta kRti jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kI hai aura isakA racanAkAla vikrama kI chaThavIM zatAbdI hI hai| yadyapi isa grantha para kucha TIkAe~ milatI haiM, kintu jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM ullekha kiyA hai ki AcArya haribhadra hI isake prathama TIkAkAra haiN| prastuta zodhaprabaMdha ke prathama adhyAya meM TIkAkAra AcArya haribhadra kA paricaya dete hue unake sAhityika-avadAna kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai tathA haribhadra ke dhyAna aura yoga-saMbaMdhI granthoM kA paricaya bhI diyA gayA hai| adhyAya ke anta meM haribhadra ke dhyAnazataka kI TIkA kI kyA vizeSatAe~ haiM -isakI saMkSipta carcA kI gaI hai| 'dvitIya adhyAya - prastuta grantha ke dvitIya adhyAya meM jaina-paramparA tathA anya-paramparA ke anusAra dhyAna kI paribhASA kA varNana, 'dhyAna' zabda kA sAmAnya tathA vizeSa artha tathA anya granthoM ke AdhAra para dhyAna ke svarUpa kA vivaraNa kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt, prastuta grantha aura usakI TIkA meM dhyAna ko paribhASita karate hue kahA hai ki adhyavasAyoM kI sthiratA dhyAna hai tathA adhyavasAyoM kI asthiratA citta hai| bhAvanA citta kI dhyAnAbhimukha-avasthA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne anuprekSA ko dhyAna se bhinna isalie mAnA hai ki anuprekSA dhyAna ke bAda, arthAt usake vicalana ke bAda, hone vAlI smRti hai| isa prakAra, unhoMne mUla gAthA meM varNita bhAvanA, anuprekSA aura cintA -ina tInoM ko bhinna-bhinna prakAra se samajhAyA hai| tadanantara, chadmastha aura jinezvara ke dhyAna kA varNana, Artta, raudra, dharma tathA zukla -dhyAna ke ina cAra For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #475
448 prakAroM tathA unake zubhatva aura azubhatva kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki ArttadhyAna tathA raudradhyAna azubha-dhyAna haiM, dharmadhyAna puNyabaMdha kI apekSA se nizcaya ke anusAra cAhe azubha kahA jAe, kintu vaha bhI mokSa kA hetu hone se aura zukladhyAna kI pUrvavartI avasthA hone se zubha hI hai| zukladhyAna kA zubhatva kevala karmoM kI nirjarA aura mokSa kA hetu hone se vyavahAra-naya se hI mAnA gayA hai| isa adhyAya ke anta meM sAdhanA kI dRSTi se dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna kA sthAna aura mahattva batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki dharmadhyAna azubha se nivRtti karAtA hai aura zukladhyAna zuddha kI prApti karAtA hai| azubha kI nivRtti ke binA zuddha kI prApti saMbhava nahIM hai, ataH sAdhanA ke kSetra meM vyakti dharmadhyAna ke mAdhyama se zukladhyAna arthAt AtmA kI zuddha avasthA yA mokSa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| tRtIya adhyAya tRtIya adhyAya meM mukhya rUpa se ArttadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna ke svarUpa tathA lakSaNoM aura cAroM ke cAra-cAra bhedoM kI vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai| tatpazcAt, bhAvanA, deza, kAla, Asana, Alambana, krama, dhyeya, dhyAtA, anuprekSA, lezyA, liMga aura phala -dharmadhyAna ke antargata ina bAraha dvAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne sAtha hI yaha nirdeza kiyA hai ki zramaNoM ko uparyukta dvAroM ko jAnakara, samajhakara dharmadhyAna meM agrasara honA cAhie aura isa dharmadhyAna ke abhyAsa ke pazcAt unheM zukladhyAna kI ora pragati karanA caahie| jisa prakAra dharmadhyAna ke dvAra batAe gae haiM, usI prakAra zukladhyAna ke bhI dhyAtavya, dhyAta, anuprekSA, lezyA, lakSaNa, Alambana tathA krama -ina sAta dvAroM kI carcA kI gaI hai| isa grantha ke mUla granthakAra jinabhadragaNi ne gAthA kramAMka-unasattara meM zukladhyAna ke AlambanoM kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki jinamata meM kSamA, mArdava, Arjava tathA mukti Adi guNoM kI pramukhatA rahI hai| ina AlambanoM kA AdhAra lekara zramaNa zukladhyAna meM ArUr3ha hotA hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #476
449 cUMki zukladhyAna kA sambandha AtmA kI pavitratA se hai, isalie inheM zukladhyAna ke Alambana ke rUpa meM kahA gayA hai, phira bhI granthakAra kA kahanA hai ki zukladhyAna kA mukhya lakSya mana ko amana kI sthiti meM le jAnA aura nirvikalpa banAne kI pahalI zarta -use azubha se zubha aura zubha se zuddha meM le jAnA hai| tatpazcAt, ArttadhyAna tathA raudradhyAna ke cintana ke viSaya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dharmadhyAna tathA zukladhyAna meM Alambana Avazyaka hai athavA nahIM hai, isakI carcA kI gaI hai aura anta meM nirAlambana ko mahattva dete hue isa adhyAya ko samApta kara diyA gayA hai| caturtha adhyAya prastuta kRti kA caturtha adhyAya mukhyatayA Artta, raudra, dharma aura zukla-dhyAna ke svAmI se sambandhita rahA hai| dhyAnazataka ke anusAra, ArtadhyAna kI sambhAvanA chaThaveM guNasthAna taka banI rahatI hai, kyoMki chaThaveM guNasthAna taka pramAda kI sattA banI rahatI hai aura jahA~ pramAda hotA hai, vahA~ sajagatA nahIM rhtii| nidAna ko chor3akara ArtadhyAna ke prathama tIna bheda chaThaveM guNasthAna meM rahate haiN| Age, granthakAra ne zramaNoM ko ArtadhyAna ke tyAga kA nirdeza kiyA hai| raudradhyAna kI sattA avirata aura dezavirata guNasthAna meM banI rahatI hai| ina donoM guNasthAnoM meM ArtadhyAna bhI rahatA hai, kintu antara mAtra itanA hai ki ArttadhyAna kI apekSA raudradhyAna atisaMkliSTa-adhyavasAya vAlA hotA hai| dharmadhyAna ke svAmI ke sandarbha meM prAcInakAla se do sampradAyoM kI bhinna-bhinna mAnyatAeM rahI haiM - (1) digambara-paramparA meM dharmadhyAna kI sattA ko cauthe guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka mAnA gayA hai, jabaki (2) zvetAmbara-paramparA kA yaha mAnanA hai ki dharmadhyAna sAtaveM guNasthAna se prAraMbha hokara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hI sambhava hai| tatpazcAt, dharmadhyAna meM pUrNa rUpa se abhyasta ho jAne ke bAda jo pUrva ke jJAtA aura suprazasta-saMhanana vAle zramaNa haiM, ve zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNoM pRthaktvavitarka-vicAra aura ekatvavitarka-avicAra ke adhikArI hote haiN| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #477
450 sayogI-kevalI tathA ayogI-kevalI kramazaH sUkSmakriyA-anivRtti tathA vyucchinnakriyA-apratipAtI-zukladhyAna ke svAmI hote haiN| isake bAda, dhyAtA aura dhyAtavya ke bhedAbheda kA prazna, dhyAtA ke caudahaveM guNasthAna kI apekSA AdhyAtmika-vikAsa, sAtha hI Artta-raudradhyAna kI vibhinna bhUmikAoM kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| tadanantara, dharmadhyAna ke dhyAtA ko lekara zvetAmbara tathA digambara-paramparA ke matabhedoM kA vistAra se ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura anta meM piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta -ina cAra dhyAnoM tathA pArthivI, AgneyI, vArUNI, mArUtI evaM tattvabhU - ina pA~ca dhAraNAoM kA svarUpa aura jaina- paramparA meM kisa taraha ye vikasita huI, usakI vivaraNA kI gaI hai| paMcama adhyAya prastuta zodha-grantha ke paMcama adhyAya kA mukhya viSaya dhyAnazataka aura sthAnAMga, bhagavatI aura aupapAtika, tattvArtha, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI-ArAdhanA, dhavalATIkA tathA AdipurANa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana rahA hai| isa adhyayana meM hamane apanI paramparA aura kAlakrama ke AdhAra para prathama zvetAmbara Agama-granthoM se, tatpazcAt tattvArthasUtra se, taduparAnta digambaraAgamatulya granthoM yathA dhavalA Adi se dhyAnazataka kI tulanA kI hai| yahA~ digambara-granthoM kI tulanA meM zvetAmbara Agamika TIkA-sAhitya ko paravartI kahane kA uddezya yaha hai ki 'dhyAnazataka', jo hamArA zodha-viSaya rahA hai, usake racanAkAra jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa zvetAmbara-paramparA ke the aura lagabhaga 7 vIM zatI meM hue the| __ isI adhyAya meM Age, dhyAna-sAdhanA aura labdhi ke sandarbha meM carcA kI gaI hai| bhagavatIsUtra kI vRtti ke anusAra, -jisase AtmA ke jJAna-darzana-cAritra-vIrya Adi guNoM se una-una karmAvaraNoM ke kSaya va kSayopazama se svataH AtmA meM jo zakti prakaTa hotI hai, use labdhi kahA hai| labdhi se yahA~ tAtparya lAbha athavA zakti se hai| isa krama meM tattvArthasUtra ke svopajJabhASya ke AdhAra para aNimA, laghimA Adi labdhiyoM ke svarUpa kA varNana, sAdhaka ko labdhiyoM kI prApti se dUra rahane kA nirdeza For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #478
451 kiyA hai| anta meM, dhyAna aura kAyotsarga tathA kAyotsarga aura samAdhi kA vistAra se varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki dhyAna meM cAhe vikalpoM kI caMcalatA samApta ho jAe, kintu nirvikalpa-avasthA to mAtra zukladhyAna ke antima do caraNoM meM hI hai, ataH dharmadhyAna ke antima caraNa aura zukladhyAna ke prathama do caraNoM meM cittavRtti kI ekAgratA ke hote hue bhI ve nirvikalpa-cetanA ke pratipAdaka nahIM haiN| dhyAna ke bAda jaba hama kAyotsarga kI bAta karate haiM, to usameM mana-vacana-kAyA ke prati mamatvabhAva kA tyAga hotA hai, ataH itanA to kahA jA sakatA hai ki kAyotsarga nirvikalpatA kI ora le jAtA hai, kintu jahA~ taka samAdhi kA prazna hai, to samAdhi mUlataH nirvikalpa-cetanA kI avasthA hai| jahA~ dhyAna meM cittavRtti kI ekAgratA sAdhI jAtI hai, vahA~ kAyotsarga meM mamatva ke tyAga ke mAdhyama se nirvikalpatA kI dizA meM bar3hane kA prayatna hotA hai, kintu nirvikalpa-dazA meM sthiratA -yaha samAdhi hai, ataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki dhyAna aura kAyotsarga nirvikalpa samAdhi ke sAdhaka haiN| SaSTha adhyAya isa kRti ke SaSTha-adhyAya meM dhyAna ke aitihAsika vikAsa-krama kI carcA mukhya rUpa se do pakSoM ke AdhAra para kI gaI hai -(1) sAhityika, (2) purAtAttvika / sAhityika-aitihAsika-krama - sAhityika-dRSTi se vedoM ke bAda mukhya rUpa se upaniSadoM, bauddha-tripiTaka ke granthoM tathA jaina Agama-granthoM meM hameM kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM dhyAna-sAdhanA ke ullekha milate haiM, jaise -AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, aupapAtika, RSibhASita aadi| . DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ne kahA hai - "bauddha-paramparA kI vipazyanA aura nirgrantha-paramparA kI AcArAMga meM varNita dhyAna-sAdhanA meM jo kucha nikaTatA pratIta hotI hai, vaha yaha sUcita karatI hai ki sambhavataH donoM kA mUla srota rAmaputta kI dhyAna-paddhati rahI hogii|" For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #479
452 dhyAna ke purAtAttvika sAkSya evaM aitihAsika vikAsa-krama - - jahA~ taka purAtAttvika sAkSyoM kA prazna hai, hameM mohanajodar3o-har3appA se jo sIleM prApta huI haiM, unameM dhyAna-sAdhanA karate hue vyaktiyoM kA aMkana hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki Aja se lagabhaga pA~ca hajAra varSa pUrva bhI mAnava dhyAna-sAdhanA karatA thaa| bhArata kI nivRtti-paraka paramparA kI jo jaina, bauddha, aupaniSadika-dhArAe~ haiM, unake pUrva-puruSa bhI dhyAna-sAdhanAe~ karate the, aise purAtAttvika-pramANa upalabdha hote haiN| Age, dhyAna-sAdhanA kI paramparAe~ nimnAMkita chaha vibhAgoM meM bAMTI gaI haiM1. Agama tathA Agamika-vyAkhyAyuga - (I.pU. 5 vIM zatI se 7 vIM zatI taka) 2. haribhadra-yuga - (IsA kI 8 vIM zatI se 10 vIM zatI taka) 3. jJAnArNava aura yogazAstra kA yuga-(IsA kI 11 vIM zatI aura 12 vIM zatI taka) 4. tAntrika-yuga - (IsA kI 10 vIM zatI se 16 vIM zatI taka) 5. yazovijaya-yuga - (IsA kI 17 vIM zatI se 19 vIM zatI taka) 6. Adhunika yuga - (IsA kI 20 vIM zartI se 21 vIM zatI taka) tatpazcAt, jainadhyAna-sAdhanA tathA bauddhadhyAna-sAdhanA ke eka tulanAtmakaadhyayana kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| usake antargata yaha likhA hai ki jainasAdhanApaddhati aura bauddhasAdhanA-paddhati -ye donoM paddhatiyA~ yaha mAnakara calatI haiM ki rAga-dveSa aura tajjanya moha evaM tRSNA hI duHkha kA kAraNa haiN| ye vikalparUpa haiN| saMkSepa meM, yaha samajhanA hai ki donoM hI paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna kA antima caraNa to citta kI nirvikalpatA hI hai| tadanantara pAtaMjala-dhyAna kI yoga-sAdhanA tathA jainadhyAnasAdhanA kI tulanA kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai aura isa adhyAya ke anta meM tAntrika-sAdhanA aura jainadhyAna-sAdhanA kI carcA karate hue hamane likhA hai ki jainadhyAna-sAdhanA para taMtra kA prabhAva ati prAcInakAla se hI dekhA jAtA hai| jainaparamparA meM prANAyAma kI sAdhanA ko koI mahattva nahIM diyA gayA, kintu paravartIkAla meM tAntrika-sAdhanA ke prabhAva se jaina-paramparA meM na kevala prANAyAma ko sthAna milA, kintu usameM IDA, piMgalA aura suSumnA ke jAgaraNa aura. SaTcakra-bhedana kI bAta bhI A gii| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #480
453 tanAva ke kAraNa - vartamAna yuga meM vizva kI pramukha samasyAoM meM tanAva eka pramukha kAraNa hai| Aja vizva meM DheroM sukha-suvidhAe~ hone ke bAvajUda bhI manuSya cintita, udAsa evaM duHkhI hai| saba kucha hone para bhI mAnasika azAnti se pIr3ita hai| pUrvavartI mAnava itanA cintita nahIM thA, jitanA Aja hai, kyoMki pahale icchAe~ sImita thIM, to ulajhaneM bhI kama thIM aura jaba icchAe~, AkAMkSAe~ sImita thIM, to kharca bhI kama the| jaise-jaise sukha-suvidhAe~ bar3hatI gaI, vaise-vaise duvidhAe~ bhI bar3hatI gaI aura sAtha-hI-sAtha saMtoSa, khuzI ko naSTa kara dene vAlI cintA bhI bar3hatI gii| mahopAdhyAya lalitaprabhasAgarajI ne kahA hai -"eka cintA hajAra citAoM se bhI badatara hai| citA eka bAra jalAtI hai, para cintA jindagI meM hajAra bAra jalane ko majabUra karatI hai| vartamAna yuga kI bhautikavAdI jIvana-dRSTi ke kAraNa vyakti kI icchAoM, AkAMkSAoM meM asImita vRddhi huI hai aura Aja kA mAnava una icchAoM kI pUrti ke prayatna meM hI saMlagna hai| prathamataH to, asIma icchAoM, AkAMkSAoM ke kAraNa hI mAnava-mana tanAvagrasta hai, sAtha hI ina icchAoM kI pUrti ke prayatna aura unameM upasthita bAdhAoM ke kAraNa usakI tanAvagrastatA aura adhika bar3ha gaI hai| jaina-Agama uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki 'icchAe~ AkAza ke samAna ananta haiM -"icchAhu AgAsa samA aNantiyA" aura unakI pUrti sImita jIvana aura sImita sAdhanoM se sambhava nahIM hai| 'punaH, una pUrti ke sAdhanoM ko upalabdha karane meM jo bAdhAe~ AtI haiM, ve bhI tanAva kA kAraNa bana jAtI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja vizva kA sabase samRddha mAnA jAne vAlA deza yUnAiTeDa sTeTas oNpha amerikA (USA) sabase adhika tanAvagrasta hai| tanAva hamArI mAnasika-ekAgratA ko bhaMga kara detA hai, jIvana kI zAnti evaM prasannatA hamase chIna letA hai| hamAre bhItara panapa rahI vyartha kI cintAe~ tanAva kA For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #481
mUla kAraNa haiN| tanAvayukta vyakti kI dazA ThIka vaisI hI hai - jaisI jAla meM phaMsI makar3I kI / bhogavAdI jIvana-dRSTi aura Adhunika artha-vyavasthA ke kAraNa Aja samagra vizva tanAvagrasta hai| Aja kA arthatantra ina tanAvoM meM vRddhi kara rahA hai, kyoMki Aja ke arthatantra kA pramukha nArA hai mAna yA icchAoM ko bar3hAo, apanA mAla khapAo tathA adhika dhana upArjita karo / - isa prakAra Aja kI vaizvika - vyavasthA hI kucha aisI ho gaI hai ki mAnavasamudAya tanAva meM hI jI rahA hai| 454 pArasparika - vizvAsa kI kamI tanAva kA dUsarA kAraNa pArasparika - vizvAsa kI kamI hai aura usa kamI ke kAraNa pratyeka rASTra aura pratyeka samAja ne apane ko dUsaroM se bhayabhIta banA rakhA hai| bhaya svayaM hI eka tanAva hai, usakI carcA Age kareMge / bhaya se surakSA ke sAdhanoM ko juTAne meM bhI vyakti aura rASTra tanAvagrasta bane hue haiN| Aja vizva ke vibhinna rASTroM meM pArasparika- vizvAsa kI kamI hai, phalataH sabhI eka-dUsare se bhayAkrAMta haiM aura isa kAraNa apanI surakSA ke sAdhana juTAne ke lie tanAvagrasta bane hue haiN| jaba rASTra yA rASTra kI zAsana-praNAlI tanAvagrasta ho, to janatA kA tanAvagrasta honA svAbhAvika hai| isa prakAra, pArasparika vizvAsa kI kamI rASTroM evaM vyaktiyoM ko tanAvagrasta banAtI hai / - bhItara kA bhaya tanAva kA eka kAraNa apane bhItara baiThI huI bhaya kI vRtti hai / bhayagrasta manuSya svataH hI ciMtAgrasta bana jAtA hai / usakI zArIrika tathA mAnasika sthiti vikAragrasta tathA zaktivihIna bana jAtI hai / bhayagrasta vyakti na to pratikUla paristhitiyoM kA sAmanA kara pAtA hai aura na hI kisI bAta kA sahI tarIke se javAba de pAtA hai| cintA, bhaya, ati lobha, uttejanA, vaicArika - asaMtulana, roga, atIta kI smRti aura bhaviSya kI kalpanA - ye sabhI tanAva ke mukhya kAraNa haiM / For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #482
455 tanAva-mukti aura dhyAna - tanAva se mukta rahane ke lie cintAoM se bacanA jarUrI hai| hara choTI-choTI bAta ko lekara jaba vyakti cintA karatA rahatA hai, to usakA mukhya kAraNa mana ke viparIta paristhiti kA honA hai| jaba koI kArya hamArI icchA yA apekSA ke anukUla nahIM hotA, taba mAnava-mana cintita ho uThatA hai| basa ! isase mukta hone ke lie hara hAla meM khuza rahanA hogA tathA choTI-choTI bAtoM ko najaraaMdAja karate jAnA hogA aura bItI bAtoM ke bAre meM jyAdA nahIM socanA hogaa| Aja sabhI eka-dUsare se bhayabhIta haiM aura usa bhaya se mukti ke lie unakA vizvAsa astra-zastra kI daur3a meM hI lagA huA hai| eka-se-bar3hakara-eka astra-zastra khoje jA rahe haiM, lekina jaina-paramparA kI mAnyatA rahI hai ki zastroM kI isa daur3a meM mAnava ko tanAvoM se mukti nahIM mila sakatI aura usakA citta zAnta nahIM ho sktaa| bhaya se mukti kA pArasparika-vizvAsa ke alAvA anya koI vikalpa nhiiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki zastra to eka-se-bar3hakara eka khoje jA sakate haiM, kintu azastra (ahiMsA) se bar3hakara anya koI vikalpa nahIM hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki tanAva se mukti ke lie pArasparika sahiSNutA, vizvAsa aura icchAoM ko sImita karanA hogaa| icchAe~ aura bhaya -donoM hI vikalpoM se utpanna hote haiN| vikalpAtmaka-citta tanAvagrasta hotA hai aura nirvikalpa citta zAnta hotA hai| citta ko nirvikalpa aura zAnta banAne ke lie dhyAna ati Avazyaka hai| dhyAna Atma-sajagatA kI sthiti hai| yaha Atma-sajagatA kI sthiti tabhI sambhava hai, jaba citta nirvikalpa ho, ataH tanAva-mukti aura dhyAna meM eka sahaja saMbaMdha hai| samyakrUpa se dhyAna kI sAdhanA se hI Aja mAnava-jAti tanAva se mukti pA sakatI hai| For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #483
456 vyakti ke AdhyAtmika-vikAsa meM dhyAna - dhyAna na kevala tanAvamukti kA sAdhana hai, apitu vaha vyakti ke AdhyAtmikavikAsa kA bhI sAdhana hai, kyoMki jahA~ vikalpa hote haiM, vahA~ AdhyAtmika-vizuddhi sambhava nahIM hotI hai| - icchA, rAga-dveSAdi citta ko azAnta banAte haiM aura azAnta citta vyakti ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM bAdhaka hotA hai| bhagavAn buddha ne eka udAharaNa diyA thA ki yadi pAnI gaMdalA ho aura usameM lahareM uTha rahI hoM, to tala meM gaharAI athavA nIce rahA huA kucha bhI dikhAI nahIM detA hai, kintu isake viparIta, yadi pAnI nirmala aura zAnta ho, to usake tala meM rahI vastu bhI spaSTa rUpa se pratIta hotI hai| isa prakAra, viSaya-vAsanArUpI gaMdagI aura icchA, AkAMkSA se calAyamAna citta meM svasvarUpa kA darzana saMbhava nahIM hotA hai aura usakA AdhyAtmika-vikAsa bhI avaruddha ho jAtA hai| yadi vyakti ko AdhyAtmika-vikAsa kI dizA meM Age le jAnA hai to usake citta ko nirmala aura zAnta banAnA hogA tathA citta kI yaha nirmalatA evaM zAntatA dhyAna ke dvArA hI saMbhava hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aja vizva meM dhyAna-sAdhanA ke prati eka AkarSaNa banA huA hai aura vizva meM aneka prakAra kI sAdhanA-paddhatiyA~ astitva meM AI haiN| isa prakAra, dhyAna kI prAsaMgikatA para Aja koI bhI praznacihna nahIM lagAyA jA sktaa| prastuta zodha-prabaMdha kA uddezya bhI yahI hai ki dhyAna-sAdhanA ke prati sajagatA utpanna kara mAnava-citta ko nirmala aura zAnta banAyA jA sake tathA usake phalasvarUpa vyakti, samAja evaM rASTra tanAvamukta ho aura vizva meM zAnti kI sthApanA ho| -------000------- For Personal & Private Use Only

Page #484
* la 6 o - sandarbha graMtha sUcI kra grantha kA nAma saMpAdaka/anuvAdaka prakAzana san 1. anuyogadvArasUtra saMpA. madhukaramunijI zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara san 1984 2. anuyogadvArANi saM. maladhArI hemacaMdrasUri Agamodaya samiti, sUrata san 1624 AcArAMgasUtra saM. madhukaramuni zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 4. AcArAMgasUtra saM. AtmArAmajI jainAgama prakAzana samiti, ludhiyAnA AyAro saM. mahAprajJa jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM vi.saM. 2031 AcArAMganiyukti saM. zIlAMkakRta Agamodaya samiti, sUrata vi.saM. 1973 AcArAMgaTIkA saM. zIlAMkAcArya sAhitya pracAraka samiti, bambaI vi.saM. 1991 AvazyakasUtra saM. madhukaramuni zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 9. AvazyakasUtra saM. jinendragaNi harSapuSpAmRta jaina granthamAlA, lAkhA bAkhala, san 1975 zAntipurI, saurASTra 10.a Avazyakaniyukti saM. malayagirisUri Agamodaya samiti, bambaI san 1928 10.ba Avazyakaniyukti saM. DaoN. dAmodara zAstrI sohanalAla jaina grantha prakAzana ambAlA san 2010 11. Avazyakaniyukti saM. mANikyazekhara vijayadattasUrIzvara jaina granthamAlA dIpIkA 12. AvazyakacUrNi saM. jinadAsagaNi . . jinadAsakRta cUrNi, ratalAma san 1929 13. AvazyakavRtti saM. haribhadrasUri Agamodaya samiti, mahesANA 14. isibhAsiyAI suttAiM saM. mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura san 1988 15. uttarAdhyayanasUtra saM. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara san 1991 16. uttarAdhyayananiyukti saM. zAntisUri devacanda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra, bambaI / san 1927 17. uttarAdhyayanacUrNi saM. jinadAsagaNi mahattara jainabandhu mudraNAlaya 18. aupapAtikasUtra saM. mudhakaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara san 1992 19. naMdIsUtra saM. AcArya mahAprajJa jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM san 1997 20. praznavyAkaraNasUtra saM. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara san 1993 21. prajJApanAsUtra saM. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara san 1993 22.a bhagavaI saM. AcArya mahAprajJa jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM san 2005 22.ba bhagavatIsUtra saM. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 23. sthAnAMgasUtra saM. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara san 1992 24. sthAnAMgavRtti : 25. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra saM. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara san 1991 san 1917 For Personal & Private Use Only

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26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. kra 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 12. samavAyAMgasUtra dasave Aliya 13. dazavaikAlika jItakalpabhASya vizeSAvazyakabhASya SaTakhaNDAgama le. saM. anu. raca. akalaMkadeva saM. anila sonakara le. anekAMtalatAzrI 10. a saM. amRtalAla dozI 10. ba saM. amolakaRSi 11. saM. ajitazekharavijayagaNi saM. anila jaina amaramuni saM. amaramuni saM. amaramuni le. amitagatisUri vive. abhayazekharavijaya saM. abhayazekhara vijaya .. madhukaramu saM. muni nathamala saM. puNyavijayamuni saMzodhaka puNyavijayamuni anu. akSayacandrasAgara anu. saM. DaoN. dAmodarazAstrI muni mAyArAma sambodhi prakAzana, prItamapura, dillI racanAkAra kundakundAcArya jaina saMskRti saMrakSaNa, solApura grantha kA nAma rAjavArtika pratimA-zataka dhyAnopadezakoSa tulasI- prajJA A. haribhadra ke dArzanika cintana kA vaiziSTya jaina yoga siddhAMta aura sAdhanA zramaNasUtra sUkti triveNI paMcasaMgraha (saMskRtabhASA) yogapradIpa dhyAnakalpatarU yogaviMzikA (yazovijayakRta) haribhadra yogabhAratI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM, dvi.saM. mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI tattvArthadhigamasUtra (sabhASya) umAsvAti vAcaka babalacaMdra kezavalAla modI hAjA paTela kI pola, ahamadAbAda prakAzana bhAratIya jJAnapITha divyadarzana TrasTa dholakA (guja.) bAkalIvAla dhArmika TrasTa zubhama sanmatinagara, rAyapura jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM rAjarAjendra prakAzana TrasTa ahamadAbAda Atma jJAnapITha, mAnasA maMDI ( paMjAba ) sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA mANikacaMda digambara jaina granthamAlA samiti, mumbaI jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala mumbaI govindarAma moDUrAma TrasTa, dhuliyA paM. saMska. divyadarzana TrasTa, 38, kalikuMDa sosAyaTI, dholakA divyadarzana TrasTa, 38, kalikuMDa sosAyaTI, dholakA zAradAbena cImanabhAI ejukezanala risarca senTara For Personal & Private Use Only 2 san 1991 san 1974 san 1977 vi.saM. 1994 san 2009 san san 1993 vi.saM. 2056 san 2003 san 2008 san 1983 san 1966 san 1988 san 1960 san 1998 vi.saM. 2055 vi.saM. 2055

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san 1803 san 2008 san 2007 san 1950 san 2007 san 2009 vi.sa. 2053 vi.saM. 2054 vI.saM. 2501 14. anu. AnaMdanaMdana lAlana jJAnArNava meM naukArUpa jhaverI mANekalAla ghelAbhAI, mumbaI savIryadhyAna 15. saM. iMdUkalA hIrAlAla yogazataka gujarAta vidyAsabhA, ahamadAbAda 16. le. udayamuni krAntadRSTi udayarAja indrasiMha Ar3hatiyA, vijayanagara 17. le. DaoN. uditaprabhA jainadharma meM dhyAna kA prAcya vidyApITha, dupAr3A roDa, zAjApura aitihAsika vikAsakrama 18. saM. udayavIra zAstrI pAtaMjala yogadarzanam govindarAma hAsAnanda, dillI 19. racanAkAra umAsvAti prazamarati-prakaraNa paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, mumbaI 20. racanAkAra umAsvAti tattvArthasUtra ___ pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI 21. saM. kIrttiyazasUri dhyAnazataka sanmArga prakAzanam, ahamadAbAda (haribhadrIyavRtti) 22. pravacanakAra kIrttiyazasUri / jhANaM-dhyAna- svarUpa sanmArga prakAzana, ahamadAbAda ane sAdhanA 23. pra. kIrtiyazasUri jhANaM-63 dudhyAnoM sanmArga prakAzana, ahamadAbAda 24. racanAkAra kundakundazrI samayasAra zrI digambara jaina svAdhyAya maMdira TrasTa, sonagar3ha 25. racanAkAra kundakundazrI niyamasAra zrI kundakunda kahAna jaina tIrtha surakSA TrasTa, jayapura 26. saM. kalahaMsavijaya Ao vidhi se mahendrakumAra gugaliyA, bar3A sarAphA, indaura pratikramaNa kareM 27. vivecanakAra kalApUrNasUri dhyAnavicAra-savivecana zrI cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha jaina zvetAmbara mandira, haridvAra 28. sa.kailAzacandra siddhAMtazAstrI kArtikeyAnuprekSA zrImad rAjacandra Azraya, agAsa 29. saM.kailAzacandra siddhAMtazAstrI dharmAmRta sAgara bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillI 30. saM.kailAzacandra siddhAMtazAstrI bhagavatI-ArAdhanA hIrAlAla khuzAlacaMdra dozI, phalaTana 31. le. kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA kAyotsarga prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura 32. saM. kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA jainadharma meM dhyAna samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala, jayapura 33. le. kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA pAMtajala yogasUtra prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura (abhinava nirUpaNa) 34. le. kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA vItarAga yoga prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura 35. saMzodhaka kalyANaprabhavijaya prabodha TIkA-1 jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala, mumbaI saM. kazyapa jagadIza majjhimanikAya bihAra rAjakIya pAli prakAzana san 1984 san 1996 1997 san 2005 san 1996 san 1990 san 2007 san 2007 san 2009 san 2007 san 2000 san 1958 For Personal & Private Use Only

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san 1995 san 1999 vi.saM. 1963 san 1976 san 1993 san 1993 san 1994 san 1976 san 1982 37. saM. kizanalAla muni prekSA : eka paricaya . jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM. 38. le. kizanalAla muni prekSA dhyAna yaugika bI. jaina pablizarsa, naIdillI kriyAe~ 39. saM. kezarasUrIzvara yogazAstra zrI mukticaMdra zramaNa ArAdhanA TrasTa girivihAra pAlItANA 40. saM. kezarasUrIzvara dhyAnadIpikA vijayacaMdrasUrIzvara jaina jJAna maMdira TrasTa ahamadAbAda 41.a le. candraprabha dhyAna : kyoM aura kaise zrI jitayazAzrI phAuNDezana kalakattA 41.ba vyAkhyAkAra muni candrazekhara jJAnasAra-vivecana prasannacandra caurar3iyA, kRSNA nivAsa, bhAnapurA 42. racayitA paM. campAlAlajI carcAsAgara bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvata pariSad, lohAriyA 43. caritra cakravartI zAntisAgara zrAvakAcAra-saMgraha jaina jinavANI jIrNoddhAra saMsthA phalaTaNa 44. saM. DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI jainayoga grantha catuSTaya munizrI hajArIlAla smRti prakAzana samiti, byAvara 45. bhikkhu jagadIza kAzyapa saMyuktanikAya pAli pablikezana borDa, bihAra 46. jinadAsa zAstrI mahApurANa zrI zAntisAgara digambara jaina jinavANI jIrNoddhAra, phalaTaNa 47. saM. jinavijayamuni samadarzI AcArya haribhadra rAjasthAna prAcya vidyA pratiSThAna, jodhapura 48. saM. jinavijayamuni maMtrarAja rahasyam bhAratIya vidyAbhavana, mumbaI saM. jinendravarNI jainendrasiddhAnta koza bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillI 50. saM. jayacandra chAbar3A aSTapAhuDa (kundakunda) zrI digambara jaina svAdhyAya maMdira TrasTa, sonagar3ha 51. le. jyotiprasAda jaina bhAratIya itihAsa bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana dvitIya saMskaraNa 52. le. AcArya tulasI jainatattvavidyA Adarza sAhitya saMgha, cUrU 53. le. AcArya tulasI manonuzAsanam Adarza sAhitya saMgha, cUrU 54. anu. dInAnAtha zarmA paMcAzaka prakaraNam pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI 55. saM. muni dulaharAja jainayoga Adarza sAhitya saMgha, curU TIkA. daulatarAma paramAtmaprakAza zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, agAsa zrImad devanandI iSTopadeza (pUjyapAda) zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, agAsa 58. pUjyapAda devanaMdI sarvArthasiddhi bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI 59. devendramuni jaina jagat ke jyotidhara zrI tAraka guru jaina granthAlaya, udayapura AcArya san 1956 san 1982 san 1983 san 1980 san 1987 1923 san 1966 san 2000 Apa san 1997 san 2000 san 1988 san 1986 san 1955 san 1985 For Personal & Private Use Only

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60. le. devendrasUri san 1974 san 1960 san 1957 san 1964 san 2008 61. devendrasUriracitavRttisahita 62. saM. bhikSu dharmaratna 63. saM. dharmarakSita 64.a saM. dharmarakSita 64.ba saM. dharmarakSita 65. prastuti nidhi-kRpA sAdhvI 66. le. AcArya nAneza 67. saM. nainamala surANA nemicandra u. nemicandra nemicandra 71. DaoN. nemicaMda jaina san 2003 san 2000 san 1989 san 1996 karmagrantha-1 marudhara kesarI sAhitya prakAzana samiti, byAvara SaDazIti--prakAza jaina grantha prakAzaka sabhA rAjanagara, ahamadAbAda sUtranipAta (hindIpAli) mahAbodhi vArANasI dhammapada mAsTara khelADIlAla eMDa sansa, banArasa visuddhi-mArga mahAbodhi sabhA sAranAtha, vArANasI majjhima nikAya mahAbodhi sabhA sAranAtha, vArANasI mRtyu pAtheya maitrI cairiTebala phANDezana, dillI samIkSaNa dhyAna-sAdhanA nAneza samatA vikAsa TrasTa citaur3agar3ha AnaMdaghana-padAvalI jaina zvetAmbara sakala saMgha, mer3atA siTI gommaTasAra bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, tRtIya saMskaraNa dharmAlaMkAra dilipabhAI, 5 gAMdhI, sUrata adhyAtmasAra zrI nirgrantha sAhitya prakAzana saMgha, dillI bAtacIta : dhyAna, yoga hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, indaura vizeSAMka cayanikA hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, indaura paryuSaNa uSaH pAna jIvana kA hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, indaura nirmala-surabhi nirmala TrAMsaphaoNrmezana prA.li., puNe samAdhizataka (pUjyapAda) padmazrI paM. sumatizAha zrAvikA saMsthAnAgAra solApura siddhAntasAra-saMgraha lAlacaMda hirAcaMda dozI jaina saMskRta saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura samAdhitaMtra vIrasevA maMdira, dillI yogadRSTisamuccaya divyadarzana TrasTa gulAlavAr3I, mumbaI AdipurANa . bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI harivaMzapurANa bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillI paMcAstikAya zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, agAsa samayasAra (kundakundAcArya) zrImatI sonIdevI pATanI kalyANamala rAjamala pATanI siddhacetanA TrasTa, kalakattA adhyAtmasAra zrI rAjarAjendra prakAzana TrasTa, ahamadAbAda u.yazovijayajI kA zrI rAjendrasUri jaina zodha saMsthAna adhyAtmavAda san 1996 72. DaoN. nemicaMda DaoN. nemicaMda 74. nirmalA mAtAjI 75. saM. paM. narendrazAstrI san 1996 san 2007 san 1983 76. le. narendrasenAcArya vi.saM. 1972 vi.saM. 2020 77. le. AcArya pUjyapAda 78. saM. padmasenavijaya 79. saM. pannAlAla jaina 80. anu. pannAlAla jaina 81. - anu. pannAlAlajI zAstrI 82. anu. paM. parameSThIdAsa vi.saM. 2042 san 1963 san 1944 san 1986 san 1998 83. anu. DaoN. prItidarzanAzrI 84. le. DaoN. prItidarzanAzrI san 2009 san 2009 Jain Education Interational For Personal & Private Use Only

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san 2010 ___85. saMkalanakartA prArthanAsAgara maMtra yaMtra aura taMtra muni prArthanAsAgara phAuNDezana san 2008 86. le. paM. prabhudAsa zrI jaina zAsana saMsthA : viniyoga parivAra, sUrata vi.saM. 2049 eka mahattvapUrNa saMzodhana 87. saM. pradyumnavijayagaNi upAdhyAya yazovijayajI zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, mumbaI-6 san 1993 svAdhyAya grantha 88. anu. muni priyadarzanazrI svAdhyAya-sUtra (A. zrI zvetAmbara sthAnaka jaina svAdhyAyI saMgha, san 2003 sudarzana) gulAbapurA (rAja.) 89. anu. pravINacaMda yogAvatAradvAtriziMkA gItArtha gaMgA pAlar3I, ahamadAbAda san 2008 90. vive. pravINacaMda khImAjI yogasAra-prakaraNa gItArtha gaMgA pAlar3I, ahamadAbAda vi.saM. 2534 91. saM. phUlacaMda siddhAMtAcArya sarvArthasiddhi (pUjyapAda) bhAratIya jJAnapITha, nyU dillI, saMskaraNa-7 san 1997 92. vive. phUlacaMda siddhAMtAcArya tattvArthasUtra zrI gaNezavarNI di.jaina saMsthAna, vArANasI san 1991 93. saM. baccharAjadugar3a jaina-bhAratI terApaMtha bhavana mahAvIra cauka, gaMgAzahara . (varSa-58, aMka-2) 94. le. buddhaghoSa visuddhimaga bauddhabhAratI, vArANasI san 1977 95. racanAkAra buddhisAgara dhyAna-vicAra zrI adhyAtmajJAna pracAraka maMDala, pAdarA san 1924 96. anu. bAlacaMda zAstrI dhyAnazataka vIra sevA mandira, dillI san 1976 97. anu. bAlacaMda zAstrI dhyAnastava vIra sevA mandira, dillI san 1976 98. anu. bAlaMcada zAstrI jJAnArNava (zubhacaMdra) jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura san 1977 racita brahmadeva bRhatdravyasaMgraha (TIkA zrImad rAyacandra Azrama, agAsa vi.saM. 2022 sahita) 100 saM. bhaTTAkalaMkadeva ___tattvArtharAjavArttikam yUnivarsala ejensI, deragAMva AsAma 101 vive. bhadraguptavijaya jJAnasAra (u.yazovijaya) vizva kalyANa prakAzana TrasTa, mahesANA vi.saM. 2042 102 vi. bhadraguptasUri zAntasudhArasa vizva kalyANa prakAzana TrasTa, mahesANA san 1997 103 anu. bhadrabAhuvijaya prazamarati (umAsvAti).. vizva kalyANa prakAzana TrasTa, mahesANA san 1997 104 vive. bhAnuvijayagaNi dhyAnazataka divyadarzana kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda vi.saM. 2027 105 vi. bhAnuvinayagaNi lalitavistarA divyadarzana kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda vIra saM. 2525 106 saM. A.bharatasAgara dhyAna-sUtrANi bhAratavarSIya anekAMta vidvat pariSada, san 1994 (mAghanandI) lohAriyA 107 le. DaoN. muktiprabhA yoga-prayoga-ayoga prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura san 1993 108 le. DaoN. maMgalA bhAratIya darzana meM yoga sahayogI prakAzana bhadainI, vArANasI san 1983 109 saM. samazrI maMgalaprajJA ArhatIdRSTi Adarza sAhitya saMgha, curU san 2003 110 saM. mArDana thaoNTa yogavasiSTha bI.ela. atre, da iNDiyana buka zaoNpa,banArasa / san 1954 Jain Education Intemational For Personal & Private Use Only

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111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 220 20 121 122232 124 125265 127 129 3330 131 132 333 anu. maNiprabhasAgara racanAkAra maNiprabhasAgara saMyojaka maNiprabhasAgara saM. madhusUdana sonI saM. manISa modI saMgrahikAmuktizrI 34 saM. paM. manoharalAla zAstrI 128 saM. paM. mahendrakumAra pATanI saM. svAmI yogacinmaya le. DaoN. mohanalAla mahetA saM. A. mahAprajJa saM. A. mahAprajJa nirdezaka A. mahAprajJa le. A. mahAprajJa le. A. mahAprajJa A. mahAprajJa le. A. mahAprajJa A. mahAprajJa sa. paM. mahendrakumAra praNIta u. yazovijaya praNIta u. yazovijaya le. yazovijayasUra saM. muni rAkezakumAra le. rajanIza (ozo) jJAnasAra (yazovijaya) sudhArasa paMcapratikramaNasUtra dhyAna (tR. saMskaraNa) dhyAnazatakaM zrI rAjendra vidyAbhAva svAdhyAya mUlAcAra (vaTTakerasvAmI) jaina sAhitya kA bRhatitihAsa, bhAga 2/3 niyukti paMcaka, khaMDa -3 maMtra : eka samAdhAna prekSA dhyAna : siddhAnta aura prayoga saMskRti pravAha prekSA dhyAna : AdhAra aura svarUpa prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura . kAnti prakAzana, bAr3amera, dvitIya saMskaraNa jaina zvetAmbara zrI saMgha, mokalasara madhusUdana sonI gokula sonIvADo pATaNa hindI grantha kAryAlaya, mumbaI AdinAtha jaina zvetAmbara saMgha, cikapeTa baiMgalora dhyAna ane kAyotsarga jaina yoga paramparA dhyAna - sUtra muni anaMtakIrtti digambara jaina granthamAlA, mumbaI pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA Adarza sAhitya saMgha prakAzana, curU rahasya taba hotA hai dhyAna kA janma Adarza sAhitya saMgha prakAzana, curU amUrta-cintana SaDdarzana samuccaya kArttikeyAnuprekSA ozo bulAte haiM phira tumhe pataMjali yogasUtra adhyAtmopaniSad jainatarkabhASA jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM, saMzodhita saMskaraNa bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana zrI digambara jaina svAdhyAya maMdira, sonagar3ha rebala pabliziMga hAusa, koregAMva, puNe kezarabAI jJAna bhaMDAra trilokaratna sthAnakavAsI jaina dhArmika parIkSA borDa, pAtharDI, ahamadanagara zrI kAlandrI jaina saMgha tulasI adhyAtma nIr3am tAo pabliziMga koregAMva pArka, puNe For Personal & Private Use Only 7 san 1995 vI.saM. 2047 san 2003 san 2009 san 1992 san 1919 san 1966-67 san 1999 san 2003 san 1997 san 1991 san 1985 san 1998 san 1999 san 1892 san 1997 vI. saM. 2505 san 1997 vi.saM. 1944 vI.saM. 2063 san 1982 san 1980

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san 1988 vI.saM. 2523 135 le. rajanIza (ozo) 136 saM. rAjakizora jaina 137 le. raNajItasiMha kUmaTa 138 racayitA ratnazekharasUri 139 saM. paM. zrIrAma zarmA 140 saM. rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya san 2004 san 1916 dhyAnayoga tAo pabliziMga koregAMva pArka, puNe AtmAvalokana zrI digambara jaina svAdhyAya maMdira TrasTa, sonagaDha / deha aura mana se pare prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura guNasthAnaka kramAroha devacaMda lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra saMsthA dhyAnabindupaniSad saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI pAtaMjalayogazAstra - bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, vArANasI (bhojavRtti) gItA kA dhyAnayoga govindabhavana, gorakhapura zrAvakAcArasaMgraha jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA bhagavata dharma prAcIna kendra, rAjasthAna .. san 1969 vi.saM. 2041 san 1974 141 le. svAmI rAmasukhadAsa 142 anu. lAlacaMda hIrAcaMda 143 prakAzaka DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla 144a le. DaoN. vijayakumAra / san 2003 144ba le.DaoN. vijayA gosAI 145 saM. vijayajinesUrizvara / 146 saM. vidyAnandI san 2003 san 1989 san 1984 "7 2002 san 1934 145 anu. vinoda jaina 146 u. vinayavijaya 147 saM. maho. vinayasAgara 148 anu. vIraputra AnaMdasAgarajI 149 saM. AryikA vizuddhamatijI jaina evaM bauddha zikSA pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI darzana : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana dhyAna-darpaNa sumerU prakAzana, DoMbivalI niyukti-saMgraha zrI harSapuSpAmRta jaina granthamAlA, zAMtipurI tattvArtha kunthusAgara granthamAlA, solApura zlokavArttikAlaMkAra dhyAnasAra (yazaHkIrtiI jaina sAhitya prakAzana samiti, bhopAla lokaprakAza jaina pracAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara gaNadharavAda prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura AgamasAra vIraputra zrI AnaMdasAgara jJAna bhaMDAra samAdhidIpaka jinarAja jaina, dariyAgaMja, nyUdillI (zivasAgara) yogasArasaMgraha thiosophikala pablika hAusa lezyA aura manovijJAna jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM. pramANanayatattvAloka jaina dhArmika parIkSA borDa pAtharDI,ahamadanagara dhyAna : eka divyasAdhanA prajJA dhyAna evaM svAdhyAya kendra, mumbaI saMbujjhaha kiM Na bujjhaha prajJA dhyAna evaM svAdhyAya kendra, puNe bhagavatI-ArAdhanA jaina saMskRti saMrakSaNa saMgha, solApura . dhyAnadIpikA devIdAsa hemacaMdra borA, khaDagapura yogaviMzikA zAradAbena cImanabhAI ejyUkezanala risarca san 1948 150 saM. vijJAnabhikSu 151 le. zAntA jaina 152 anu. zobhAcaMdra bhArilla 153 le. A. zivamuni 154 pravaktA A. zivamuni 155 racita zivArtha 156 le. u. sakalacandra 157 saM. sukhalAlajI san 1933 san 1996 san 1972 san 2000 san 2002 san 1961 For Personal & Private Use Only

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158 saM. sukhalAla siMghavI 159 saM. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina san 2007 san 1991 160 saM. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina san 2008 san 2002 161 162 163 saM. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina saM. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina / saM. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina san 1988 senTara, zAhIbAga, ahamadAbAda tattvArthasUtra pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI, 6 saMskaraNa jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI dhyAna jainadharma-darzana evaM prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura saMskRti sAgara jaina vidyAbhAratI pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI haribhadra kA avadAna - pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI haribhadrasUri kA pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI samaya-nirNaya jaina dharma meM tAMtrika pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI sAdhanA guNasthAnasiddhAMta : eka pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI vizleSaNa abhinaMdana graMtha : DaoN. pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI sAgaramala jaina jaina, bauddha aura gItA prAkRta bhAratI saMsthAna, jayapura kA sAdhanA mArga jainadharma ke prabhAvaka jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM, dvi.saMskaraNa le. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina san 1997 165 le. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina san 1996 166 le. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina san 1998 167 le. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina san 1982 168 saM. sAdhvI saMghamitrA san 1986 AcArya san 1973 san 2000 169 saM. sujuko ohirA 170 saM. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina 171 kRta siddhasenagaNi 172 le. saubhAgyamuni 173 saM. muni samadarzIjI 174 somadevasUri (lekhaka) 175 racita A. somadeva 176 saMkalanakI sulocanAzrI san 2004 san 1963 dhyAnastava bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana dravyasaMgraha (nemicandrAcArya) siddha sarasvatI prakAzana, vArANasI tattvArthAdhigamasUtra hIrAlAla rasikalAla kApar3iyA cintanAmRta zrI ambAguru zodha saMsthAna, udayapura yogazAstra RSabhacandra jauharI kizanalAla jaina, dillI yazastilakacampU nirNayasAgara presa, mumbaI yogamArga siddhAnta prakAzinI saMsthA mahAvIrajI prema teja-puSpa svAdhyAya mudraka gautama ArTa prinTarsa, byAvara stotra saritA mokSazAstra (vimala bhAratavarSIya anekAMta vidvat pariSada,vArANasI. praznottara) TIkA bhAratavarSIya anekAMta vidvat pariSada,vArANasI / dhyAna kA svarUpa / paMToDaramala smAraka TrasTa, jayapura vI.saM. 2507 177 TIkA syAdvAdamatI mAtAjI san 1998 rayaNasAra san 1998 178 anu. syAdvAdamatI mAtAjI / 178 le. DaoN. hukumacaMda bhArilla san 2009 For Personal & Private Use Only

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san 1964 san 2000 san 1999 san 1911 __ san 1990 vi.sa. 1662 vi.sa. 1662 san 1993 179 saM. hemacandrAcArya abhidhAna cintAmaNi caukhambA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI 180 anu. hemaprabhAzrI pravacanasAroddhAra prAkRtabhAratI akAdamI, jayapura 181 le. hemaprajJA kaSAya : eka zrI vicakSaNa prakAzana, indaura tulanAtmaka adhyayana 182 kRta haribhadrasUri yogabindu buddhisAgara sUri jJAna maMdira, bIjApura 183 kRta haribhadrasUri SoDaSaka prakaraNa nirNayasAgara presa, mumbaI 184 kRta haribhadrasUri lalitavistarA jaina esosiezana oNpha iMDiyA, ahamadAbAda 185 TIkA haribhadrasUri tattvArthasUtra TIkA RSabhadeva kezarImala saMsthA, ratalAma 186 saM. DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina dhavalATIkA (bhUtabali) amarAvatI 187 . saM. DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina dhavalATIkA (bhUtabali) jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura 188 saM. DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina kasAyapAhuDasutta zrI vIrazAsana saMgha, kalakattA 189 saM. kSemarAja bhAgavata kRSNadAsa veMkaTezvara presa, mumbaI 190 AtmArAmajI ma.sA. dazAzrutaskaMdha jainazAstramAlA kAryAlaya lAhaura 191 Arya bhadrabAhusvAmI bRhadkalpasUtra zrI jaina AtmAnaMda sabhA, bhAvanagara 192 jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa vizeSAvazyakabhASya prAkRta vidyApITha, vaizAlI bihAra 193 vijJAna bhikSu sAMkhyadarzanam bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, vArANasI 194 A. siddhasena divAkara sanmati tarka gujarAta vidyApITha, ahamadAbAda 195 saMpA. zatAvadhAnI jainamuni / ardhamAgadhI koSa . zrI zvetAmbara sthA. jaina kaoNnpharansa ratnacaMdajI ma.sA. bhAga 1-4 kesarIcaMda bhaMDArI rAjavADA cauka iMdaura 196 saMpA. maho. vinayasAgara kalpasUtra devendrarAja mehatA prAkRtabhAratI jayapura 197 zrImad vijayapremasUrIzvara . khavaga-seDhI (sopajJavRti zrI bhAratIya prAcyatatva prakAzana samiti vibhUSitA) piNDavAr3A, prathama saMskaraNa 198 zrImad ratnazekharasUri guNasthAna kramAroha divyadarzana TrasTa, bambaI (svopajJakRti) 199 yazovijaya dvAtriMzad-dvAtriMzikA rAmacaMdrasUri ArAdhanA bhavana, ratalAma 200 paM. AzAdhara dharmAmRta (anagAra) bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, kAzI 201 paM. AzAdhara dharmAmRta (sAgara) bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, kaashii| 202 bhAskara naMdI dhyAnastava. bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, vArANasI 203 brahmalIna muni pAtaMjala yoga-darzanam cetana prakAzana maMdira, bar3audA 204 ciraMtanAcArya paMcasUtra divyadarzana kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda 205 nemicandrasUri pravacanasAroddhAra (1-2) sArAbhAI navAba (harakora catrabhuja) pAlItANA san 1882 san 1936 1936 1972 saM. 2022 san 1952 sa. 1923 sa. 1977 vi.saM. 2022 vi.sa. 2038 1981 1965 1978 1973 vi.saM. 2027 For Personal & Private Use Only

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san 1975 208 niraMjanajI 1975 1975 1977 1907 1966 1998 206 A. tulasI manonuzAsanam Adarza sAhitya saMgha prakAzana 207 lekhaka muni nathamala mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA Adarza sAhitya saMgha prakAzana rahasya yogavAziSTha (bhAga 1-2) tejakumAra buka Dipo prA.li. lakhanaU 209 A. malayagiri zabdAnuzAsanam lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya vidyAmaMdira, ahamadAbAda 210 saMkalana muni jambUvijaya ... sUrimaMtrakalpa samuccaya jaina sAhitya vikAsa maMDala, bambaI 211 vasunaMdyAcArya zrAvakAcAra gAMdhI devacaMda caturacaMda, kolhApura 212 DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina bhAratIya itihAsa : eka bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dvitIya saMskaraNa dRSTi 213 saMpAdana DaoN sAgaramala jaina jIva samAsa pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI 214 amitagati paMcasaMgraha (saMskRta) zrI mANikacaMda digambara jaina granthamAlA samiti, mumbaI 215 TIkA sampAdaka yazovijaya SoDazaka prakaraNa aMdherI gujarAtI saMgha (haribhadrasUri) 216 dIparatnasAgarajI Agamazruta prakAzana 217 vivecaka dhIrajalAla karmagrantha (bhAga 1-4) jainadharma prasAraNa TrasTa, sUrata DAyAlAla mehatA 218 rAmanAtha zarmA sAmAnya manovijJAna kI kedAranAtha rAmanAtha 132, kAlija roDa, meraTha rUparekhA 219 ojhA evaM bhArgava zArIrika manovijJAna - haraprasAda bhArgava pustaka prakAzana, AgarA 220 anuvAdaka zrI munilAla gupta zrI viSNupurANa (sacitra) gobindabhavana kAryAlaya gItApresa, gorakhapura 22 saMskaraNa 221 History of Anciant India 222 MohanJodaro and the Civilization : Part I vi.saM. 2052 san 2000 1965 1980 1983 saM. 2057 For Personal & Private Use Only

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