Bhagavana Mahavira

Author(s): Jain Parishad Publishing House Delhi
Publisher: Jain Parishad Publishing House Delhi
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010164/1

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desuka? TAT ga desu gaRu dehadekinaiga. kuku ikarintouhakuremasen san souyanaa konataka i

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TT T SINGHI JAIN SERIES

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minuman bhagavAna mahAvIra prakAzakaraghuvIrasiMha jaina AnarerI mantrI bhA0 di0 jaina paripad pabliziMga hAusa darIvA, dillii| agasta 1651 prathamAvRti ] vIra nirvANa saM0 2477 [mUlya 3)

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do zabda jaina dharma ke isa yuga ke antima tIrthaMkara zrI bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI haiN| Aja kI sAdhAraNa ajaina janatA jaina varma ke anya tIrthaMkaroM ke vipaya meM to bilkula anabhija hI hai aura vaha to bhagavAna mahAvIra ko hI jaina dharma kA pravartaka samajhatI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jayaMtI caitra zuklA trayodazI ko bhArata ke kone kone meM manAI jAtI hai| parantu bhI taka bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kisI prAmANika vistRta jIvana caritra kA prabhAva mahAvIra jayantI ke avasara para bahuta akharatA thaa| usI abhAva kI pUrtirUpa yaha pustaka Apake samakSa prastuta karate hue mujhe bahuta hI harpa hotA hai| zrIyuta kAmatAprasAda DL ,M.R A S. Ana ke eka mahAn aitihAsika lekhaka haiN| ApakI aitihAsika gboja lekhana zailI, advitIya hai| Apane abataka saiMkar3oM pustakeM jainadharma kI prAcInatA tathA jaina aitihAsika mahA puruSoM ke vipaya me likhI hai / yaha hamArA saubhAgya thA ki Apane hamArI prArthanA svIkAra kara isa pustaka ko likhane kA bhAra saharpa grahaNa kara liyaa| isake liye maiM tathA paripad jisake Apa stambha haiM, atyanta AbhArI haiN| pustaka prakAzana meM sundara tathA TikAU kAgaja va naye TAipa kA pUrNarUpa se vicAra rakkhA gayA hai| prapha dekhane meM bhI samucita parizrama kiyA gayA hai parantu jisa prakAra manuSya se bhala honA svAbhAvika hai usI prakAra pustaka meM bhI kucha na kucha azuddhi rahanA asaMbhava nahIM hai| vina pAThakoM se nivedana hai ki una azuddhiyoM kI ora vicAra na kreN| AzA hai ki jaina tathA jainetara janatA isa prakAzana ko apanAkara hamAre prayatna ko saphala vnaaegii| raghuvIrasiMha jaina AnarerI mantrI

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viSaya sUcI vipaya 1. vIra-darzana 2. saMsAra-ndhiti aura kAla-cakra 3. tIrthakara kauna hai 4 sAdhanA ke patha para 5. tatkAlIna paristhiti 6. nAtaka kSatriya aura kuNDagrAma 7. bhagavAn kA zubhAgamana 8. yavAvasthA aura gahastha jIvana 6. vairAgya aura dIkSA grahaNa 10. tapazcaraNa aura yoga sAdhanA me paryaTana 11. vividha upasarga vijaya 12 kevala jJAnotpatti aura dharma cakra parivartana 13 zrI indramati gautama samAgama aura dharmopadeza 14 dharma pracAra aura vihAra 15 caturvidha vIra-saMgha aura nigraMtha guru 16 samrATa zreNika vimbasAra aura prabhU vIra 17 abhaya rAnakumAra kI pravrajyA 18 medhakumAra kA vairAgya aura sama-sevA-bhAva 16 vAripeNa muni kA samyaktva 20 mahilA ratna caMdanA aura celanI kI vIra bhakti 115 128 137 151 167 178 185 163

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[ 2 ] krama viSaya 21 kuNika - ajAta zatru kI vIra vandanA 22 gaNanAyaka rAjA ceTaka aura senApati siMhakA vIra-samAgama 23 vaibhAra zaila para vIra-dezanA 24 zabdAla putra kA zaMkA nivAraNa 25 vIra zramaNa jIvavara kI siddhi 26 rAjarSi udyana kI vaiyAvRtti 27 maGkhali gozAla aura pUraNa kAzyapa prasaMga 68 bha0 mahAvIra aura ma0 gautama buddha 26 bhagavAna kA mokSa lAbha aura nirvANa dhAma 1 37 bha0 mahAvIra samvandhI tIrtha aura purAtatva 38 jIvana se prApta zikSAye aura upasaMhAra pRSTha 166 206 221 234 240 - 50 256 264 275 284 30 bhagavAn kA nirvANa kAla 62 31 bhagavAn kA divyopadeza aura nirmala cAritra 32 zrI RSabhadeva aura bha0 mahAvIra 33 tIrthaGkara ariSTanemi aura bha0 pArzvanAtha 304 307 34 bha0 mahAvIra aura bhAratIya darzana 315 35 vIra nirvANoparAnta sagha aura usake bheda 321 36 vIra- saMgha kA prabhAva aura uparAta ke prasiddha jainI rAjA 333 343 356

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bhUmikA bhagavAna mahAvIra tapaHpradhAna saMskRti ke ujjvala pratIka haiN| bhogoM se bhare hue isa saMsAra meM eka aisI sthiti bhI sambhava hai jisame manuSya kA aDiga mana nirantara saMyama aura prakAza ke sAnidhya me rahatA ho-isa satya kI vizvasanIya prayogazAlA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana hai| vardhamAna mahAvIra gautama baddha kI bhAMti nitAMta aitihAsika vyakti hai| mAtA pitA ke dvArA unhe bhI hADa mAMsa kA zarIra prApta huA thA / anya sAnavoM kI bhAMti ve bhI kaccA dUdha pIkara bar3he the, kintu unakA udAtta mana alaukika thaa| tama aura jyoti, satya aura anata ke saMgharSa me eka bAra jo mArga unhoMne svIkAra kiyA, usa para dRr3hatA se paira rakha kara hama unhe nirantara Age bar3hate hue dekhate haiN| unhoMne apane mana ko akhaMDa brahmacarya kI Aca me jaisA tapAyA thA usakI tulanA me rakhane ke liye anya udAharaNa kama hI milege| jisa adhyAtma kendra meM isa prakAra kI siddhi prApta kI jAtI hai usakI dhArAeM deza aura kAla me apanA nissIma prabhAva DAlatI haiN| mahAvIra kA vaha prabhAva Aja bhI amara hai| adhyAtma ke kSetra meM manuSya kaisA sAmrAjya nirmita kara sakatA hai, usa mArga me kitanI dUra taka vaha apanI janmasiddhi mahimA kA adhikArI vana sakatA hai, isakA jJAna hameM mahAvIra ke jIvana se prApta hotA hai| bAra-bAra hamArA mana unakI phaulAdI dRr3hatA se prabhAvita hotA hai| kAyotsarga mudrA me khar3e rahakara zarIra ke sukha dukho se nirapekSa rahate hue unhoMne kArya sAdhana ke atyanta utkRSTa Adarza ko pratyakSa dikhAyA thA / nivala saMkalpa kA vyakti usa Adarza ko mAnavI pahu~ca se vAhara bhale hI samajha, para usakI satyatA meM koI sandeha nahIM ho sktaa| tIrthakara mahAvIra usa

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( 2 ) satyAtmaka paridhi ke kendra me akhaMDa prajvalita dIpa kI bhAti hamAre sAmane Ate haiN| yadyapi yaha patha atyanta kaThina thA, kintu hama unake kRtajJa haiM ki usa mArga para jaba ve eka vAra cale to na to unake paira ruke aura na DagamagAe / unhoMne anta taka usakA nirvAha kiyA / tyAga aura tapa ke jIvana ko rasamaya zabdoM meM prastuta karanA kaThina hai, kintu phira bhI isa sundara jIvana meM kitane hI mArmika sthala haiM, aura kitanI hI aisI rekhAeM haiM jo unake mAnavIya rUpa ko sAkAra vanAtI haiN| jaina anuzruti aura dhArmika sAhitya ke AdhAra para mahAvIra ke caritra ko prastuta karane kA yaha prayAsa svAgata ke yogya hai / usa sundara aura surabhita kamala kI jitanI bhI paMkhar3iyA~ yahA~ A sakI haiM unhe dekhakara prasannatA hotI hai / AzA hai isa zatapatra jIvana ke sarvAMgapUrNa varNana ke aura bhI sAhityika prayoga hoNge| naI dillI, vAsudeva zaraNa 6-5-51

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prastAvanA 'prabhu svarUpa ati agama athAha, kyoM hamase yaha hoya nivAha ?' kavi ko isa paMkti ke sAtha hI hamane san 1924 I0 meM sUrata se prakAzita huI apanI kRti 'bhagavAn mahAvIra' kI prastAvanA likhI thii| isa dIrgha antarakAla me loka ke madhya nAnA parivartana aura jJAna gaveSaNAye huI hai / tadanusAra bha0 mahAvIra kA patitapAvana jIvana caritra punaH likhanA Avazyaka ho gayA / yadyapi yaha ThIka hai ki bha0 mahAvIra lagabhaga DhAI hajAra varSa pahale huye eka advitIya mahApuruSa the, jinake viSaya me sahaja hI koI prAmANika nirNaya prakaTa karanA sugama nahIM, parantu to bhI upalabdha jJAna sAmagrI ke AdhAra se usakA saMkalana 'svAntaH sukhAya' aura 'parAntaH hitAya' karanA anucita nahIM haoN, yaha hama mAnate haiM ki yaha hamArA eka ati sAhasa hai| hama jaisA alpajJa eka sarvajJa sarvadarzI tIrthadara kA caritra citraNa karane me bhalA kaise saphala ho sakatA hai ? hamAre ananya mitra jainadarzana divAkara sva0 bairisTara campatarAyajI vidyAvA. ridhi ne bhI tava ye hI likhA thA ki 'zrI pUjya paramAtmA bha0 vartamAna mahAvIra kA jIvana caritra itanA adbhuta aura anupama hai ki jinhoMne unheM unake jIvanakAla meM dekhA thA ve bhI unakA jIvana caritra varNana karane meM asamartha rahe, to phira vartamAnakAla ke lekhakoM kI kyA zakti hai jo usako pUrNarItyA varNana kara skeN| Aja itane samaya ke pazcAt bhagavAn kI zubha jIvanI likhanA aura usase yaha AzA karanA ki vaha savAza hI bhagavAn kI divya mUrti yA unake pUjya guNoM ko dazA sakegI, eka jhaThA vicAra hai; tathApi mere parama mitra vAbU kAmatAprasAdajI ne bar3e parizrama va kaSTa se bahuta kucha sAmagrI ukta pUjya tIrthakara ke

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jIvanakAla kI ekatrita karake unako bahata sundara rIti meM lekhabaddha kiyA hai|" usa samaya bhI apanI dIna zattiAnubhava hama kara rahe the aura aAja bhI vahI paristhiti hai, sntui sanIcIna punpArtha phalIbhata honA hI hai| atava yadyapi hamArA praluta prayAsa bhI pUrvavata "prAzulamce phale lobhAdudvAhariva vAmana" bata kiyA hai. to bhI vaha bha0 barddhamAna nahAvIra ke lokoddhAraka Adarza jIvana kI prAmANika kAkI upasthita kara rahA hai vahI saMtopacA viSaya hai| prastuta kRti parva saMskaraNa kI dvitIyAvRti mAtra nahIM hai pratyana yaha naye sire se sati aura parivartita rUpamai likhI gaI hai- ata. eka navIna racanA hai| pahale hamane ise eka abhAva kI pUrti ke liye likhA thA kyoM ki taba koI bhI prAmANika vIra caritra naI zailI se likhA huA upalabdha nahIM thA / usake viparIta prantuta racanA samgala kI mAga ko pUrA karane ke liye likhI gaI hai| jainamitra maMDala, dillI" ke saMketa para isakI racanA kI gaI: maMDalakI kameTI ne usakI pANDulipi dekhI aura sarAhA bhI kintu vaha usako prakAzita karane meM asamartha rhe| ataeva aba yaha bhA0 di. jaina pariSad prakAzana vibhAga ke suyogya mantrI zrI lA0 rakhavIrasiMhanI sarrApha ke utsAha se prakAzameM ArahI hai| hama lAlAjI kI isa kRpA ke liye AbhArI haiN| dharmabhAva se-cisI zrarya cA khyAti lAbha ke lobha se nahIM-ise hanane likhA aura prAzanArtha diyA / hameM santoSa hai ki isa kRti ke dvArA jJAna prasAra kI prayAsa-pragati Age bar3ha rahI hai / tIrthakara varddhamAna mahAvIra sarvajJa sarvadazI aitihAsika mahApuruSa the __ hama likha cuke haiM ki loka pUjya tIrthakara varddhamAna mahAvIra kI nIvanI likhanA koI sugama kArya nahIM hai / mahatI jJAnavArI

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( ga ) gaNadhara mahArAja bhI usako sarvAGgarUpeNa likhane me asamartha rahe | kintu mAnava ko apane samaya ke mAnava se vizeSa samparka rahatA hai - vaha purAtana mAnava ko bhI apane matijJAna ke Adhunika darpaNa meM dekhane kA prayAsa karatA hai / isa kAla me pahale pahale to logo ne bha0 mahAvIra kI ora dRSTipAta hI nahIM kiyA | unako eka kalpita vyakti mAnA / uparAnta gautama buddha aura vaha eka haiM - aisI bhrAnta dhAraNA bhI kinhIM vidvAnoM kI rahI / aisI hI mithyA dhAraNAoM kA nirasana karane ke liye yaha aura bhI Avazyaka huA ki prastuta viSaya para prAmANika sAhitya sirajA jAve / tadanusAra sAhitya sirajA bhI gayA / prastuta prayAsa bhI usa dizA me eka prayoga hai - saphala yA asaphala, yaha pAThaka jAne | isako par3hakara pAThakagaNa jAnege ki bha0 mahAvIra varddhamAna avazya hI eka mahApuruSa huye, jo vizvakI vibhUti the / ve jainadharma ke saMsthApaka nahIM the, usake antima tIrthakara the / isa kalpakAla me jainadharma ke saMsthApaka zrI RSabhadeva the / ye kSatriya ratna kevala kisI sampradAya vizeSa ke ArAdhya rahe hoM, yaha bAta bhI nahIM / ve to loka ke the - loka ke liye unhoMne sarvasva kA tyAga kiyA aura satya- sarvasva ko pAkara usako unhoMne saba meM bAMTa diyA / taba vaha bhalA kisI sImA yA paridhi meM kaise baMdhe rahate ? vaha mahAn the / avazya hI ma0 gautama buddha ke samakAlIna the, parantu unase bhinna the / svayaM ma0 gautamabuddha ne unakI mahAnatA kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA thA: viharAmi gijmakUTe " eka midAhaM, mahAnAma, samayaM rAjagadde 1 pachate / tena kho pana samayena saMbahulA nigarAThA isigiliyasse kAlasilAyaM unmatthakA honti zrAsana parikkhittA, zrIpakkamikA dukkhA tippA kaTukA vedanA vedayanti / atha kho haiM, mahAnAma, lAyaraha samayaM paTisalANA vuhito yena isigiti passama kANasilA yena te

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(gha ) vigaeThAtena upasaMkamim / uNasaMkamitvA te nigaeThe eudavocamaH kinnu tumhe zrAvaso nigaeThA TamaTakA ghAsanapaTikkhittA, propae.. mikA dukkhA sippA kaTa kA vedanA vediyayAti / evaM vatte, mahAnAma, te nigaeThA maM etadavotra, nigaeTho, zrAvamo nAThaputto sambana, sambadassAvI aparimesaM jJAna dassana parijAnAtiH paraso me tito ca suttassa ca jAgarassa ca satata samitaM jJAnadasmana papacupatitiH, so evaM zrAhaH asyi kho vo nigarAThA pUlye pApaM kamma kataM, taM imAya kaTukAya dukkariphArikAya nijareya yaM panesya etarahi kAyena saMvatA, vAcAya saMvatA, manamA saMvusA taM dhAyati pApasma kammarasa akaraNaM, iti purANAna kammAnaM tapasA vyantibhAvA mavAnaM phammAnaM prakaraNA prAyati anavatsavo, prAyati dhanavassavA kammazkhayo, kammayastrayA dukkhakkhayo, duksakkhayA vedanAkkhayo vedanAkkhayA savvaM dulsaM nijieNaM bhavissati taM ca pan amhAkaM ruccati va svamati ca tena ca zrAmhA attamanA ti" -majjhimanikAya, PTS., I, PP.92-93 isakA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki ma0 buddha kahate haiM. "he mahAnAma ! maiM eka samaya rAjagRha meM gRddhakUTa nAmaka parvata para vihAra kara rahA thaa| usI samaya Rpigiri ke pAsa kAla zilA (nAmaka parvata) para bahuta se nirgrantha (jaina muni) Asana chor3a upakrama kara rahe the aura tIvra tapasyA meM pravRtta the| he mahAnAma ! maiM sAyakAla ke samaya una nipranyoM ke pAsa gayA aura unase volA, 'aho nimrantha ! tuma Asana chor3a upakrama kara kyoM aisI ghora tapasyA kI vedanA kA anubhava kara rahe ho ?' he mahAnAma ! jaba maiM ne unase aisA kahA tava ve nimrantha isa prakAra vole, 'aho, nigraMnya jJAsaputra (mahAvIra ) sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI haiM, ve azeSa jJAna aura darzana ke jJAtA hai| hamAre calate, Thaharate, sote, jAgate samasta avasthAoM meM sadeSa unakA jJAna aura darzana

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upasthita rahatA hai| unhoMne kahA hai-'nimrantho ! tamane pUrva (janma) me pApakarma kiye haiM, unakI isa ghora duzcara tapasyA se nirjarA kara ddaalo| mana, vacana aura kAya kI saMvRttise ( naye) pApa nahIM baMdhate aura tapasyA se purAne pApoM kA vyaya ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra naye pApoM ke ruka jAne se karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, karma kSaya se dukkhakSaya hotA hai, dukkhakSaya se vedanAkSaya aura vedanAkSayase sarva duHkho kI nirjarA ho jAtI hai / isa para buddha kahate haiM ki 'yaha kathana hamAre liye rucikara pratIta hotA hai aura hamAre mana ko ThIka UMcatA hai|" __ zAkyaputra gautama buddha ke ukta pravacana se spaSTa hai ki unake samaya me nimrantha jJAtaputra mahAvIra varddhamAna eka mahAn tattvavettA rUpame prasiddha the -- gautama baddha se vaha bhinna the| usa samaya ke loga unako sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI evaM azeSa-anantajJAna ke adhikArI mAnate the / ataH yaha zaMkA karanA hI vyartha hai ki bha0 mahAvIra varddhamAna nAmakA koI svAdhIna mahApuruSa huA hI nhiiN| jaba bha0 mahAvIra ne pAvApura se nivAepada pAyA, to usase ThIka caurAsI varSoM ke pazcAt rAjasthAna ke antargata majjhimakA nAmaka nagarI meM unake bhaktoM ne eka bhavana kA nirmANa kiyA / udhara terApura, hAthIguphA Adi sthAnoM kI prAcIna jinamUrtiyoM meM bha. mahAvIra kI mUrti bhI milatI hai / 2 mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIlA se upalabdha kuzAnakAlIna mUrti bhI ina aMtima tIrthakara kI milI hai|3 bauddhoM ke 'milindapaNha' granthameM spaSTa 1. 'vIrAya bhagavate caturAsI nivasse sAlAmAliNIye raeiNavindra __ majjhimike 1-jainamina varSa 12 aMka 11 pR. 162 2, saMha0, bhA0 3 khaMda 5 pR0 15-18 3. Epigraphic Indica, II, 321.

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( ca ) likhA hai ki pAMca sau yavana ( Indo-Greeks ) bha0 mahAvIra se zaMkA samAdhAna karane gaye the aura unake bhakta huye the|4 ataeva yaha spaSTa hai ki ma0 vuddha ke samakAlIna bha0 mahAvIra varddhamAna eka aitihAsika mahApuruSa the, jo jainadharma ke saMsthApaka nahIM, pratyuta usake sarva antima tIrthakara the / jainadharma unase vahuta pahale se pracalita thA / bha0.mahAvIra ke dharmopadeza kA prabhAva loka vyApI thA / yaha vizvavibhUti bhArata ke ratna aura vihAra prAnta ke prANa the-aGga aura magadha kI janatA unakA avatAra apane meM huA jAnakara gaurava anubhava karatI aura bhAgya ko sarAhatI thI / 6 vaha sarvajJa-sarvadarzI tIrthakara jo the / unako siddhAnta eka vijJAna kI bhAti kArya-kAraNa-sUtra para AdhArita thA-isaliye vRddhigamya aura grAhya thA-vaha satya thA / ma0 gautama vuddha evaM anya matapravartaka usase prabhAvita huye the| pAThaka dekheMge ki bha0 mahAvIra ne kevala dharma tIrtha aura eka viziSTa dharma siddhAnta kI hI sthA 4. Historical Gleanings, p. 78. 5 "Not only Jacobi, but other scholars also be lived that jainism for from being an offshoot of Buddhism, might have been the earliest of home religions of India. The simplicity of devotion and the homely prayer of the jain without the intervention of a Brahmin would certain add to the strength of the theory so rightly upheld by jacobi. - Studies in the Sought Indian jaintsm, pt. I p. 9. 6. majjhimanikAya, mA0 1 pa. 2

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( cha ) panA nahIM kI, pratyata unhoMne apane samaya kI pratyeka samasyA kA hala upasthita kiyA thaa| unhoMne dharmakSetra meM jo hiMsA 'yajJoM' ke nAmale ho rahI thI, usakA anta hI nahIM kiyA, balki ahiMsA ke pracAra dvArA loka meM vizva vandhutva kI bhAvanA jAgRta kara dI thii| loka ne pazuoM kA bhI Adara karanA jAnA thA / Aja kA loka to kevala apane manoraMjana ke liye pazuoM ko zikSA dekara unase adbhuta karatava sarakasame karavAtA aura khuza hotA hai, parantu usa samaya kA mAnava mAnavatA se aotaprota thA, isaliye vaha pazutroM ko bhI aisI zikSA detA thA, jisase vaha sAmyabhAva ko apanA kara saMyamI jIvana vitAte aura sukhI hote the| Aja ke yaga ko ahiMsA kI isa apUrva zakti kA pATha par3hanA hai| ahiMsA kI vyavahArikatA mahAvIra jIvana se paDha-pada para TapakatI hai| Aja mAnava-mAnava meM raMgabheda aura rASTrabheda kaTutA aura vaiSamya kA kAraNa bana rahA hai-Aye dina yuddha hote haijAtiyoM meM saMgharSa calatA hai / bha0 mahAvIra ke sammukha bhI AryaanArya kI samasyA upasthita thI-loga anAryoM ko aura garIba AryoM ko bhI krItadAsa banA lete the-unakA sAmAjika tiraskAra hotA thA / bha0 mahAvIra ne ina samasyAoM kA hala udAharaNa banakara upasthita kiyA thA / dAsaprathA kA anta huAanAryoM ke prati ghaNA kA nAza huA-striyoM aura zUdroM meM bhI svAtmAbhimAna jAgRta huA-samAja meM unako sammAnanIya sthAna milaa| zAsanAdhikAra ahiMsA se anuprANita huaa| pratyeka ko abhayadAna milaa| rASTrIya cAritra kA mApadaNDa mahAna aura unnata banA / yUnAnI lekhakoM ne bhAratIyoM ke jJAna aura cAritra kI bhUri bhari prazaMsA likhI / bha0 mahAvIra ke pahale janatA bhoga vAsanA meM viveka ko khoye huye-aizvarya ke mada meM pathabhRSTa ho rahI thii| Izvara aura purohita ko pUja kara ve

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apane ko kRtakRtya huA mAnate the| kAminI-kaMcana aura surApAna kI mAdakatA meM pauruSa se hAtha dhoye baiThe the ve / bha0 mahAvIra ne unako saceta kiyA-unake antara meM sthita AtmA ke satya. rUpa ke darzana janatA ko karAye / vyakti ne jAnA vaha svayaM sarvazaktimAna hai-Izvara kA rUpa hai-Izvara kahIM bAhara nahIM hai-vaha svayaM Izvara hai / bhoga kI vAsanAlipta durbhAvanA se usakA hRdaya tvaccha ho gayA / mAnava ke hRdaya meM viveka jAgata huaa| mAMsa-madirA-madhu ko chUnA bhI logoM ne pApa samajhAzAkAhAra ke naye naye svAdiSTa bhojanoM kA AviSkAra huaa| 'jIyo aura jIne do' kI ahiMsA bhAvanA ne mAnava ke loma kA saMvaraNa kiyA-vaha udAra vanA / paisA usakI dRSTi meM ThIkarA ho gayA-vAhya samRddhi usake liye antima dhyeya na rhaa| 'saMgraha' zabda usake koSa se dUra hogayA / bha0 mahAvIra kA parigraha parimANavrata jo usane liyA thaa| bar3e bar3e rAjA mahArAjA aura pUjIpati svecchA se bhikhArI bana gaye unhoMne apanI dhana-sampati lokahita ke kAryoM meM vyaya kara dii| bhArata meM nayanAbhirAma, mUrti, mandira, mAnasthambha, durga Adi vana gye| bar3e bar3e vizvavidyAlaya khole gaye, jinameM Adarza brahmacArI adhyApaka-AcArya zaikSoM ko nizulka zikSA dete the / chAtroM ko bhojana vastra bhI nizulka milatA thA / cAhe rAjA kA beTA ho athavA eka kisAna kA-saba ko eka samAna brahmacArI jIvana vitAnA hotA thA-savako Azrama kA bhojana lenA hotA thaa| samAja nirmANa ke lie aikya aura saMgaThana kA kriyAtmaka pATha yahA~ se loga sIkhate the| itanA hI nahIM, bha0 mahAvIra kI zikSA kA prasAra dUra dUra dezoM meM kiyA gyaa| phaNika, pAratya, yavana prAdi dezoM ke loga bhAratakI ora AkRSTa huye-bhArata se unakA

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dharma kA prasAra humpA / yata kI aura vahA thA / jaina vRtika samparka bar3hA-prava bhArata meM ve sarvathA mleccha na rhe| bha0 mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa meM ve bhI mAnavoM ke sAtha jArara dharmopadeza sunate the aura unameM se aneka jainI ho gaye the| rAnI rAjaganAra prAIka to jaina muni ho gayA thaa| IrAna kI bamapatti para bhI isakA prabhAva par3A-vahA~ pazuyajJoM kA niSedha unameM dharmagurutroM ne kiyaa| usI samaya cIna dezameM bhI ahiMsA dharma kA prasAra hApA / sArAMzataH bha0 mahAvIra ke dharmopadeza ne vizvavyApI krAnti upasthita kI aura vaha saphala huI thii| isase bhArata kA antarrASTrIya mahatva bhI tava bar3hA thA / jaina muniyoM kA vihAra kAvula, kandhAra, IrAna, tUrAna, araba, madhya eziyA, mizra Adi dezoM meM hotA thA / vahA~ ke AcAra-vicAra para jaina siddhAnta kA prabhAva spaSTa dikhatA hai| sArAMzataHbha0 mahAvIra kA satya-dharma nirUpaNa loka kalyANa kA mUla maMtra banA thaa| Aja bhI usake dvArA loka kA kalyANa honA sambhava hai| loka usako jAne aura pahicAne / hamArI shailii| kintu kheda kA viSaya hai ki bha0 mahAvIra ke isa Adarza jIvana kI ghaTanAyeM kisI bhI srota se eka vyavasthita zajalA me milatI-ve haiM bhI bahuta thor3I! bauddhoM kI bhaoNti jainoM ne kI ora dhyAna hI nahIM diyA ki ve apane tIrthakara ke - jIvana kI koI aitihAsika tAlikA rakkhe-unhoMne bIvana kI eka sAmAnya jIvana rekhA upasthita karake saMtoSa isake viparIta bauddhoM ne ma0 buddha ke jIvana kA eka lekhA jokhA banAye rakkhA / isakA kAraNa jainoM aura Tibheda thA-jaina vyaktitva ke nahIM, siddhAnta ke hai tIrthaGkara kI apekSA 'tIrthakaratva' unake nikaTa vizeSa kI vastu hai-tIrthaGkaratva kA citraNa karane meM unhoMne koI

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( ba ) kora kasara bAkI na chor3I ! bauddhoM ke nikaTa ma0 gautama buddha hI saba kucha the / ataeva donoM ke jIvana-vRtAntoM me antara milanA svAbhAvika hai / itane para bhI yaha vAta nahIM ki bha0 mahAvIra athavA kisI anya tIrthakara kI jIvana ghaTanAoM kA jaina sAhitya me sarvathA abhAva ho / bha0 mahAvIra ke viSaya meM jaina purANa aura kathA pranthoM meM aneka jIvana vRtAnta aura pravacana prasaMgoM kA vivaraNa vikharA par3A hai / use DhUMr3ha kara zaGkhalAvaddha lar3I meM piro denA, jaina vidvAnoM kA kartavya hai / nainetara sAhitya, vizepatacA vauddha sAhitya meM jaina sambandhI ullekha milate haiM / udhara bhAratIya purAtatva me bahuta kucha sAmagrI upalabdha ho sakatI hai / isa zailI ko apanAne kA eka choTA-sA prayatna isa jIvanI ke likhane meM hamane kiyA hai / saMbhava hai ki sthiti pAlaka vidvajjana isase sahamata na hoM, yadyapi unake liye bhI koI Apatti janaka bAta hameM to dikhatI nahIM / haoN, hamArI isa zailI meM ghaTanAoM ke kAlakrama kA koI dhyAna nahIM rakkhA gayA hai - vaha rakkhA bhI nahIM jA sakatA, kyoMki hameM yaha patA hI nahIM calatA ki bha0 mahAvIra kisa samaya kisa sthAna meM vihare the aura amuka ghaTanA kava ghaTita huI thI / vyakti aura sthAna ke prasaMga meM jo upadeza vacana nirmantharAT jJAtRputra mahAvIra ke mukha se usa samaya kahe gaye-yaha bhI ThIka se jJAta nahIM hotA / phira bhI bhagavAn ne dharmopadeza to diyA hI thA / ataeva hamane zAstrIya ullekhoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara dharmopadeza kA nirdezana apanI vANI me kiyA hai / hamArI isa zailI se jIvanI meM rocakatA zrAne ke atirikta sAhitya meM vIra jIvana sambandhI bikharI huI ghaTanAoM kA saMgraha aura pratipAdana bhI eka hada taka ho jAtA hai / AzA hai pAThakoM ko hamArI yaha zailI rucikara hogI / katipaya prasaMgoM kA AdhAra srota hama yahA~ spaSTa kara denA ucita samajhate haiM, 1

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jisase koI bhrama na ho: - ( Ta ) (1) zreNika mahArAja ke prakaraNa me (pRSTha 157 ) hamane rohiNI evaM anya kathAnakoM kA prasaMga upasthita kiyA hai / pUrvAcAryoM ne pratyeka kathAvRtta ko zreNika ke praznottara rUpa me prasUta ligyA hI hai / vahI zailI hamArI hai / (2) abhayakumAra ke viSaya me likhate huye (50 167) hamane mUr3hatAoM kA jo varNana likhA hai vaha ThIka vaisA hI hai jaisA zrI guNabhadrAcAryajI ne 'uttara purANa' meM likhA hai| pAThakagaNa mukAvilA karake dekheM aura mUr3hatAoM ke jAla se apane ko nikAleM / jisa jAti mUr3hatA kA jaina dharma meM niSedha hai usI ko sarvopari mahatva denA mithyAtva hai / (3) jaina aura bauddha -- donoM srotoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki kuNika ajAtazatru bha0 mahAvIra ke dharma meM dIkSita huA thA / bauddha granthoM me yaha prakaraNa hai ki ajAtazatru ne sabhI dharmaguruoM ke pAsa jAkara sAdhutA kA lAbha jAnane kI jijJAsA kI thI / ataH isI viSaya kA pratipAdana usake prasaMga me kiyA gayA hai / (4) senApati siMha kA ullekha 'vinaya piTaka' bauddha grantha meM hai| jaina purANa bhI unako samrAT ceTaka kA putra batAte haiM / bauddhagraMtha me hiMsA mUlaka prasaMga unake sambandha meM upasthita kiyA gayA hai / vahI hamane likhA hai / isa prakAra pAThakagaNa dekhege ki isa zailI se jahA~ pUrva paramparA kA lopa kisI rUpa meM bhI nahIM kiyA gayA, vahA~ usake dvArA vIra caritra me navInatA aura rocakatA A gaI hai / yahI isakI viziSTatA hai /

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aAbhAra-pradarzana anta me hama una sabhI prAcAryoM aura sAhityakAroM kA AbhAra svIkRta karate haiM, jinakI amUlya racanAoM ke AdhAra se hama yaha anya racane meM saphala huye haiN| sAtha hI hama jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA aura impIriyala lAyabrerI kalakattA ke adhyakSoM ke bhI AbhArI haiM, jinhoMne Avazyaka sAhitya upasthita karake hamAre prayAsa ko saphala bnaayaa| dakSiNa jaina mamAja ke ratna zrImAn maJjayya hegahe sA0 M. L. A. dharmasthala ko bhI hama bhulA nahIM sakate, jo eka pratiSTita kalAkAra haiN| Apane hamAre anurodha para bha0 mahAvIra kA sundara citra banAkara prastuta grantha kA saundarya baDhA diyA hai| hama unhe banyavAda samarpita karate haiN| hindI prAgaNa ke lavdha pratiSTa mahArathI zrImAn DA. vAsudeva zaraNajI agravAla, ema0 e0, DI. liT ne isakI bhUmikA likhakara hame kRtArtha kiyA / isa kRpA ke lie hama unakA bhI aAbhAra svIkAra karate haiN| pAThakagaNa isake pATha se lAbhAnvita huye, to hI hama apanA prayAsa saphala huA mAneMge / itizam alIgaMja, (eTA) zrata paMcamI 2477, vinItakAmatAprasAda jaina

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saMketAkSara-sUcI aMni-aMguttara nikAya ( bauddha piTaka ) iMsejai0-bulhara kRta iMDiyana sekTa oNva dI jainsa (laMdana) iMai0-iMDiyana aiMTIkverI ( traimAsika patrikA) ERE-Encyclopaedia of Religion of Ethics, upu0-zrI guNabhadrAcArya racita "uttarapurANa" kaihiI-kaimbina hisTrI oNva iNDiyA caMbhama0--zrI caMdrarAja bhaMDArI kRta "bha0 mahAvIra" jaihi0--"jaina hitaiSI" mAsika patra (bambaI) aiM vA JA-"jaina aiMTIkverI" (zodha patrikA, ArA) bhamabu0--hamArA "bha0 mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha" (sUrata) mani0-majjhima nikAya ( PTS ) maca0--azaga kavikRta 'mahAvIra caritra" (sUrata) jaisU0 yA JS.--jaina sUtrAja (saikriDa baksa oNva dI IsTa sIrIja) VT-VINAYA TEXTS. ( Sacred Books of the baMga--bambaI gaijeTiyara East Series ) sAmsa0-sAmsa oNva dI sisTarsa ( therIgAthA kA anuvAda) sajaii0-hamArA 'saMkSipta jaina itihAsa" (sUrata) hari0-harivaMza purANa-zrI jinasenAcAryakRta higlI0--DaoN. vimalAcaraNa lAhA kRta 'hisTaoNrIkala glIniMgsa' bhapA0--bhagavAn pArzvanAtha (sUrata) -( kalakattA) jaizisaM0---jaina zilAlekha saMgraha (mA0 caM0 graM0 bambaI) di0 jai. DA0-digambara jaina DAyarekTarI ( bambaI) chavi o jai smA0-baMgAla vihAra, or3IsA prAMtIya jaina smArka (sUrata) ma0 prA0 jai0 smA0--madhya prAntIya aura rAjapUtAnA prAcIna jaina smArka (sUrata) mamai jaismA0--madrAsa, maisUra prAntIya jaina smArka ( sUrata ) saMprAjaismA0--saMyukta prAtIya jaina smArka ( sUrata ) mArA saMkSisasTarsa ( therIgAtha_East Series

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dhanyavAda isa pustaka ke prakAzana meM zrImatI puSpA devI jaina lakhanaU ne, apane pati svargIya zrAdIzvaraprasAda jI jaina tahasIladAra kI smRti meM 500) ru0 pradAna kiye haiM etadartha Apako dhanyavAda | raghuvIrasiMha jaina AnarerI mantrI

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/ . jaya vIra bhagavAn mahAvIra vIra-darzana "kaH kAlo mama ko'dhunA bhavamahaM vatai kathaM sanatam / kiM karmAtra hitaM paratra mama kiM kiM me nijaM kiM param // itthaM sarva vicAraNAvirahitA dUrIkRtAtmakriyAH / janmAmbhodhi vivartapAtanaparAH kurvanti sarvAH kriyAH // " -vRhad sAmAyika pATha / --SA velA kA saundarya mukharita ho rahA hai| saritA ke pravAha kI nizcala dhvani vINA ke svaroM se spardhA kara rahI hai| pakSI nIr3oM se nikala kara kalaravanAda karake mAno prakAza kA svAgata kara rahe hai / vele-latAye vakSoM se lipaTI huI mAnoM praNaya kA sandeza de rahI hai| manohara manda manda malayAnala uname eka siharana paidA kara rahA hai / rajanI usako dekhanasakane ke kAraNa mAno muMha chipAkarabhAga rahI hai| baTohIrAstAnApane ko tatpara ho rahe hai / isa sRSTi-saundarya me jJAna kA vikAsapuJja adbhuta zobhA pA rahA hai| eka saghana sAla vRkSa ke nIce aruNa-AbhA se praphullita vadana vaha mAnava dhyAna me magna khar3A hai| vaha kisI ora nahIM dekhatA / antaSTi hai usakI / kAyotsarga mudrA me sthita prakRtirUpa meM magna, vaha yogI nAsA ke

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agrabhAga para dRSTi lagAye huye hai| mAno sasAra kI mArI sampatti usako antara me hI mila gaI hai-apanI AtmavibhUti ko pAkara vaha loka kI ora se besudha ho gayA hai / eka dampatti ne use dekhA-sRSTi saundarya se bhI adhika AkarSaka pAyA use / ve ruke usa zAnti mUrti ko dekhakara ve cauMke / strI pUchatI hai, "priyatama ! yaha kauna haiM ? sundara maumya yuvaka hokara bhI kisa dukha ke kAraNa inhoMne yaha vanavAsa liyA hai " pati ne kahA, "priye, bhUlatI ho / sasAra ke saba sukha inheM prApta the| yaha videha ke ratna kSatriya rAjA siddhArtha ke nandana mahAvIra varddhamAna haiN| inhoMne svecchA se AkiMcanya vrata dhAraNa kiyA aura vanovAsa liyA hai / sArI sampatti inhoMne khuzI se unako de| DAlI jinako usakI AvazyakatA thii| rAjya lakSmI kA tyAga karake yaha yugapravartaka yuvaka loka kA kalyANa karane ke liye yoga sAdhanA me lIna huye haiM / yaha ajAna kA nAza kara rahe haiM, dukhoM ko jIta rahe haiM-mauna hokara jIva-ajIva prakRti kA deza-deza meM ghUmakara adhyayana kara rahe haiN| ekAnta meM nire akele rahakara sUkSma vicAra-rUpI DorI ko AkAza kI ora pheMka kara sasAra kI azAnta aura saMtapta AtmAoM ke uddhAra ke liyeunako saMsAra sAgara se tArane ke liye dharma-vijJAna kA pula vanA rahe haiM / 'jIvamAtra ko sukha aura zAnti mile isaliye yaha dharma-tIrtha kI sthApanA karane jA rahe haiN| yaha antima tIrthaMkara jo haiN|" patnI harpavihvala ho bolI, "aho priyatama ! maiM smjhii| yaha to mahAprabhu lokoddhAraka mahAvIra varddhamAna jinendra haiN|

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( 3 ) Aha ! hama ina prema sAgara ke samAna kaba banege ?" dampatti vIra prabhu bhagavAn mahAvIra ke caraNoM meM natamastaka hote hai aura prabhR ke praphullita kamala badana ko dekhakara mana meM ullAsa aura harSa kA anubhava karate hai / Aja meM lagabhaga DhAI hajAra varSa pahale antima tIrthaGkara bha mahAvIra varddhamAna kI yoga sAvanA kA ukta citraNa isa pavitra bhArata mahI para bhavya janoM ko dekhane ko milA thA / bha0 mahAvIra ne yoga sAdhanA karake mana-vacana-kAya kI kriyAo ko apane AdhIna kiyA thA / vaha pUrNa puruSa jIvana mukta parama AtmA huye the / sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI hokara hI unhoMne bahake huye loka ko satya-sandeza diyA thA / samAja nirmANa kA AdhAra staMbha unhoMne vyakti ko mAnA thA / puruSa athavA strI hI vaha maulika ikAI hai jisake AdhAra se samAja banatA, bar3hatA athavA bigar3atA hai / vyakti ke sudhAra aura AtmoddhAra meM hI samiSTi kA abhyutthAna antarnihita hai / vyakti apanA sudhAra kiye vinAapanA jJAna pAye binA, loka ko na jAna sakatA hai aura na usakA upakAra kara sakatA hai| saca dekhA jAya to bha0 mahAvIra ne logoM ko svAdhIna banane kI zikSA dI / koI bhI jIva kisI bhI jIva kA bhalA-burA kucha bhI nahIM kara sakatA / pratyeka jIva apane bhAgya kA svayaM nirmAtA aura bhoktA hai / apane jIvana ko unnata athavA avanata pratyeka jIva svayaM banAtA hai / isaliye hI mAnava ko sAvadhAna karate huye jagadguru bha0 mahAvIra ne pratyeka prANI ke liye Avazyaka ThaharAyA ki vaha vicAre (1) kauna sA kAla

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hai ? (6) usakA kaunasA janma hai ? (3) vaha kisa taraha kA vartAva kare ? (4) isa janma meM usakA hitakArI karma kyA hai ? (5) paraloka ke liye usakA hita kisame hai ? (6) usakA apanA jyA hai ? (7) aura usase bhinna anya kyA hai ? jo vivekavAn vyakti ina praznoM para dhyAna nahIM detA aura atmA ke svarUpa ko nahIM pahicAnatA. usake saba hI vyavahAra aura kArya saMsAra dukha ko bar3hAne vAle hote haiN| vaha na apanA bhalA kara sakatA hai aura na loka kA ! samaya kA jise jAna nahIM.vaha jIvana ke mUlya ko nahIM AMka sakatA / samaya bar3A valavAna hai / anukUla samaya para hI zrama se boyA gayA bIja phala detA hai|maanv samaya kI sthiti ko jAnakara ke apane aihika jIvana kA lekhA-jokhA kare, to hI vaha jIvana meM saphalatA pA sakatA hai| mAnava kA janma sarvazreSTha lAma hai| manana karane kI zakti pAne ke kAraNa hI vaha mAnava hanA hai / ataH apane mAnava janma kI sArthakatA ke liye mAnava ko manana karanA upAdeya hai| apane jannagata sthiti kA ThIka paricaya pAkara hI vaha Atmagaurava anubhava karatA aura apane pUrvajoM ke padacinhoM para calane ke liye tatpara hotA hai| isa prakAra nvAtmAbhimAna ko lekara hI mAnava apane AsapAsa ke nAyiyoM ne aimA bartAva karatA hai, jisameM saba sukhI hote aura gaurava anubhava karate haiM / 'vayaM jIyo aura apane sAthiyoM ko jIvita rahane do-yaha to sAmAnya niyama hai prakRti kA! cinnu mAnava no viziSTa vyakti hai| usakI vizeSatA isI meM ki yaha dUsaroM ko maphala jIvana bitAne meM sahAyaka ho /

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svapara-Atma-kalyANa vaha kare, yahI usake liye hitakArI hai| isa janma me bhI aura dUsare janma me bhI / zarIra se bhinna mAnava deha ko jAjvalyamAna karanevAlA AtmA mahAn hai| usakA prakAza jIvanapatha Alokita kare, yaha mAnava jIvana kA mahAn lAbha hai / isa lAbha se vaha sundara aura samujjvala bhaviSya kA nirmANa karatA hai / mAnava ko dRDha zradvA hotI hai ki usakI apanI vastu kevala AtmA hai, jo darzana aura jJAna kA puJja hai| Atma bala ko vikasita karake mAnatra pUrNa dRSTA aura bAtA bane, to vaha pUrNa sukhI hotA aura usake sAtha loka bhI / loka me AtmA zAzvata rahane vAlI vastu hai / zarIra aura indriya bhoga kSaNika haiM / zarIra bhautika azoM kA jo banA hai / kAla pAkara aMzoM kA samudAya vighaTita hotA hI hai| vAhya aizvarya bhautika dRSTi ke liye mohaka avazya hai, kintu antadRSTA jAnatA hai ki sukha bhautika-bhogoM meM nahIM hai-indriyavAsanA me phaMsanA zarIra kA dAsa bananA hai / acchA khAnA-pInA, acchA pahananA-or3anA, acchA rahanA-sahanA, acchI sukhasampadA kucha samaya ke liye bhale hI sukhAbhAsa me manako moha le, kintu pariNAma unakA kaTu hI hotA hai| roga-zoka, AtaMka bhaya, laTa-khasoTa, janma-maraNa kyA zarIra ke sAtha nahIM lage haiM ? phira bhautika jIvana kI zreSThatA mAtra ko hI kaise jIvana sAphalya mAnA jAve ? jo vastu apanI nahIM hai aura na apane svabhAva ke anukUla hai, vaha kaise vyakti ke pAsa hamezA raha sakatI aura use sukhI banA sakatI hai ? AtmA hI sva-vastu

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(6) hai| umakA bala, jJAna, darzana, sukha kabhI miTane vAlA nhiiN| isaliye vyakti svAdhIna vane-apanI AtmA ko hI apanA sarvAdhikArI mAne aura usake dharma-zAsana-jJAna darzana ke vikAsa ko apanI sampati mAne, tabhI vaha para-padArtha kI vAcA rUpI vandhana se chUTa kara mukta prabhU bana sakatA hai / na janma meM mahAnatA hai aura na jAti meM vizeSatA hai-mahAnatA aura vizepatA hamAre antara meM vidyamAna hai / ata.antarAtmA banakaraloka me vicaro to kadAcin mahAvIra ke samAna vana sakate ho / bha0 mahAvIra kI isa svAdhIna Atma-svAtaMtrya aura svabhAgya nirmANa kI zikSA ne loka ko nayA jIvana diyA / matavAda kI hAlA ko pInA loka bhUla gayA-kula jAti ke mada meM vaha pAgala na rahA aura pazu yajJoM ke sthAna para indriya vAsanA kA yajJa racanA, usane sIkhA / bha0 mahAvIra ke antara-darzana pAkara loka kI kAyApalaTa huI thii| yaha usa samaya kI mahAn vijaya thii| ahiMsA saskRti kA abhyudaya usa samaya kA aizvarya thA / loka ke kaNa-kaNa me AtmasvarUpI vIra-darzana ho rahe the| loka eka svara se kaha rahA thA.-"mahAvIra,zaraNaM gacchAmi !" -"arahanta-zaraNa gcchaami|" vyakti ke sudhAra ne samiSTi ko sudhAra diyA / ahiMsA ne vasudhA ko eka kuTumba meM pariNata kara diyA aura loka me vizva prema kI jAnhavI kA sukhada avataraNa huA / ataH Aiye pAThaka, una prabhU mahAvIra ke pavitra jIvana kA digdarzana kreN|

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saMsAra-sthiti aura kAla-cakra ! "gIyate yatra tAnandaM pUrvAhna lalitaM gRhe / yasminnevahi madhyAnhe, sa duHkhamiha rUdyate ||"-jnyaanaannvH ma ghara me prabhAta-samaya Ananda-utsAha ke sundara sundara "mAMgalika gIta gAye jAte haiM, madhyAnha ke samaya usI ghara me dukhake sAtha ronA sunA jAtA hai| saMsAra kI yaha vicitra sthiti hai / saMsRti, ulaTa-palaTa kA khela hai / jisakA Aja vikAsa hai kala usakA anta avazyambhAvI hai| candra kI zubhrajyotsanA loka ko atirajita karake avasAna ko prApta hotI hai| kintu mAnava hRdaya me eka AzA kI rekhA chor3a jAtI hai| yaha AzA rekhA hI mAnava ko nava utsAha aura nava sphUrti pradAna karatI hai aura ullAsa se vaha nizzaMka ho jAtA hai| "cintA nahIM jo vyoma vistRta candrikA kA hrAsa ho ! cintA tabhI hai jaba na usakA phira navIna vikAsa ho !" isa prakAra yaha saMsAra ghaTanAo kI Azcaryamaya punarapi ghaTanAsthalI hai / yahA~ janma kA avasAna navIna vikAsa me chupA huA hai| saMsAra me sAra-vastu yaha vikAsa-krama hai| vastusvarUpa ko pahicAna kara jo vicakSaNa vikAsa-patha kA pathika banatA hai, vaha jIvana sAphalya ko prApta hotA hai| vastu svarUpa satarUpa hai| sat utpAda-dhrauvya-vyaya me apanA astitva chupAye

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(8) huye hai / alaMkRta bhASA me kaheM to kaha sakate hai ki brahmA (sRjana )-viSNu (saMrakSaNa)-maheza (sahAra) kI lIlA sata__ saMsAra hai / yahA~ na vastu kA sarvathA nAza hotA hai aura na naI vastukA sRjana ! alabattA vastuoM kI sthiti meM nitanayA parivartana hotA rahatA hai / isaliye sasAra parivartanazIla mAnA gayA hai| saMsAra kI sthiti me yaha parivartana kAlacakra ke nimitta se hotA hai / kAla dravya ananta hai aura mahAn zakti hai usakI ! saMsAra meM paratAparata kA vyavahAra usake kArya kA pratyana phala hai| vyavahAra me usake do rUpa athavA kalpa dRSTigata hote haiM : (1) avisarpiNI arthAt vaha kAla jisake prabhAva se vastuoM kA kramazaH hrAsa hotA hai / isa kAla me dhIre 2 Atma dharma kA lopa hotA aura adharma kA sAmrAjya sthApita hotA hai| aura (2) utsarpiNI arthAt vaha kAla jisameM vastuoM kI kramazaH unnati hotI hai aura varma tatva kA vikAsa hotA hai / yaha donoM kalpayuga chai kAloM ( Ages) meM vibhakta haiN| avisarpiNI yugake cha kAla ' haiM : (1) sukhamA-sukhamA, vaha kAla jisame khUba sukha hotA hai / mAnava prakRti sarala aura puNyabhogI hotI hai, (2) sukhamA, vaha kAla jisameM jIvana sAdhAraNa sukhamaya vItatA hai, (3) sukhamA-dukhamA, isa kAla me jIvana sukha dukha se sanA rahatA hai, (4) dukhamA-sukhampa, aisA kAla hai jisameM dukha kI prabalatA aura sukha kI alpatA hotI hai; (5) dukhamA, vaha kAla jo dukha se ota-prota hai| yahI vartamAna kAla hai / ikkIsa

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( ha ) I haz2Ara varSoM taka yaha dukha ke pahAr3a khar3e karatA rhegaa| abhI taka isakI lagabhaga 2400 varSe vyatIta huI hai / dharma isame kI taraha camakatA rahegA - dharma prakAza meM isa kAla ke jIva bhI sukha kA AbhAsa dekha sakeMge / (6) uparAnta antima dukhamAdukhamA kAla mahAn dukha aura aMdhakAra kA samaya hogA / usake mAtha visarpiNI kAla samApta hogA / saba vastuyeM hrAsa kI carama sImA ko pahuMcakara pratikriyA ko prApta hoMgI / utsarpiNI kAla ke prArambhase saba vastuoM kA kramaza. abhyudaya prAraMbha hogaa| ina chai kAloM meM pahale tIna kAla kevala bhoga bhogane ke abhinaya kSetra hai / jIva itane puNyazAlI hote hai ki ve ghara kuTumba aura kamAne dhamAne ke Ta meM nahIM par3ate hai / vaha prakRtisulabha padArtho se tRpti anubhava karate hai / zeSa tIna kAla 'karmayuga' haiM | iname mAnava jIvikopArjana karake sabhya jIvana vitAtA haidharmakarma me pravRtti karatA hai / isa samaya hI prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne dharmatatva kI dezanA dI thii| vaha dharma dezanA unake pazcAt teIsa tIrthaMkaroM dvArA punarsthApita hotI AI | bha0 pArzvanAtha ke pazcAt jaba kAla prabhAva se dharma tatva kA hrAsa huA, to antima tIrthaMkara bha0 mahAvIra ke mahAn vyaktitva se usakA punaH vikAsa huA ! bha0 mahAvIra ne kisI naye dharma kI sthApanA nahIM kI / yaha saMsAra kI sthiti aura kAla cakra kA prabhAva thA ki dharma tIrtha kI punarsthApanA samaya 2 para hotI AI hai / saMsAra parivartanazIla jo hai / 1

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( 10 ) ( 3 ) tIrthaMkara kauna hai ? "titthayarA cavIsa vi kevalaNANeNa disanbaTThA / pasiyatu visarUvA tihuvaya siraseharA manmaM // " - jayadhavala "jinhoMne apane pUrNa - kevalajJAna se samasta padArthoM ko dekha liyA hai, jo zivasvarUpa haiM aura tribhuvana ke sira para zekhararUpa haiM, kyoMki vaha advitIya haiM," aise cauvIsa tIrthaGkaroM kA varadahasta sadA vAJchanIya hai / zrI vIrasenAcArya ke uparokta vAkya se spaSTa hai ki pratyeka avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kAla meM cauvIsa tIrthaGkara hote haiM / ve usa kAla ke samasta mahApuruSoM me pradhAna hote haiM aura AtmakalyANakArI tIrtha kA pravartana karate haiM / isalie hI ve 'tIrthaMkara' kahalAte haiM / 'tR' dhAtu se 'tha' pratyaya sambaddha hokara 'tIrtha' zabda banatA hai / isa 'tIrtha' zabda kA artha hai ki "jisake dvArA tarA jAya / " aura 'dharma' zabda se 'vastukA svabhAva' abhipra eta hai / tIrthaMkara dharma- tIrtha kI sthApanA karate haiM / jisake sahAre prANI saMsAra ke dukha sAgara ko taira kara usa pAra-sukha ke mukta dvAra para pahu~cate haiM / tIrthavara padArtha vijJAna aura Atma tatva ke rahasya ko vaijJAnika rIti se pratipAdita karate haiM / isalie ve hI loka meM tIrthakara nAma se prasiddha hote haiM / isa avisarpiNI kalpa ke cauthe kAla meM RpabhAdi cautrIsa tIrthakara ho cuke haiM / bha0 mahAvIra unameM sarva antima haiM / katipaya yuvaka tIrthaMkaroM kI cauvIsa saMkhyA para Apatti

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(11) karate hai aura bha0 pArzva se pahale ke bAisa tIrthakaroM ke astitva meM unako zaGkA hai| jaina zAstroM meM unakA prAya eka-sA caritracitraNa dekhakara vaha aura bhI sazaka hote hai| kintu ve bhUla jAte hai ki 'satya' triloka aura trikAla me ekasA-hI hotA hai / tIrthakara satya-rUpa hai, satya ke upadeSTA hai aura satya unakA pravacana hai| tava unake caritra me antara kahA~ se ho ? phira bhI thor3A bahuta antara pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke jIvana caritra me milatA hI hai| rahIbAta cauvIsa saMkhyA kI, vaha bhI nitAnta prAkRtika hai| dinarAta me cauvIsa ghaTe hai aura eka varSa me cauvIsa pakSa hote hai| prakRti ke isa niyama ko koI palaTa nahIM sktaa| dina rAta me cauvIsase kama jyAdA ghaTe nahIM ho sakate-varSa me kula cauvIsa hI pakSa hoMge- unakI saMkhyA ghaTa bar3ha nahIM sktii| isI prakAra tIrthakaroM kI saMkhyA bhI cauvIsa nizcita hai| yaha kAla aura tIrthadara karma prakRti kA prabhAva hai / avisarpiNI kalpa kA kAlasUrya apane madhyAnha-yauvana para cauthe kAla meM pahuMcatA hai| usa kAla me kevala cauvIsa avasara hI aise upasthita hote hai ki jiname kAla cakra ke prabhAva se nakSatroM kI sthiti sarvocaparAkASThA ko prApta hotI hai / isa paramotkRSTa yogameM hI tribhuvanasira-zekhara tIrthaMkara janma lete haiM / yato sAmAnya kevalajJAnI-sarvajJasarvadarzI mahApurupa aneka hote haiM, kintu dharmatIrtha pravartaka mahApurupa cauvIsa hI hote haiM yaha mAnyatA bahuprAcIna hai| mauryakAla se pahale kI jinamUrtiyA isakI sAkSI haiN| ataeva tIrthaMkaroM kI caucIsa saMkhyA me zaGkA karanA vyartha hai|

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(12) tIrthaMkara-pada mahAbhAgyazAlI mahApuruSa ko hI prApta hotA hai| sAmAnya sarvaja-sarvadarzI kevalI-mAdhu ho jAnA sugama hai| pratyeka tIrthakara ke samaya meM vaise sAmAnya kevalI asaMkhyAta hote haiM; kintu tribhuvana ke mahApuruSoM meM mukuTa-maNi-rUpa tIrthakara honA sugama nahIM hai| dharma cakravartI kA yaha mahAn pada aneka janmoM ke zrama aura yoga sAdhanA se nasIba hotA hai| mAnava janmagata pUrNatA ko prApta karake hI tIrthakara padavI milatI hai| tIrthakara isIliye hI anupama haiM-unasA aura koI nahIM hai| dharma tIrtha ke saMsthApaka hone ke kAraNa vaha bar3e 2 zrAcAryoM dvArA abhivandya haiM-vaha loka ke sarvopari sarvatobhadra kalyANa-kartA jo haiM / svAmI samantabhadrAcArya unake tIrtha ko sarva ApadAoM phA anta karane vAlA sarvodaya tIrtha ghoSita karake unakI mahAnatA ko vyakta karate haiM / (sarvApadAmantakaraM niraMtaM sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tvameva) loka kalyANa ke sarvatobhadra sarvodaya netA hone ke kAraNa hI ve sarvopama haiN| ___ mAnava aneka janmoM meM satya aura ahiMsA kI sAdhanA karake hI apane ko isa yogya vanA pAtA hai ki satya aura ahiMsA kA prakAza usake roma-roma se pragaTa ho| indriyoM kI dAsatA kA juA vaha utAra kara pheMka detA hai, rAga dvaSa ko vaha jIta letA aura jinendra banatA hai| usake zarIra ke paramANu bhI yoganirata pUrNatA aura vizuddhatA ko pAkara zuddha-kAravana-pudgala skaMdha rUpa hIre kI prabhA ko bhI manda kara dete haiM / sahasrAdhika sUrya ke prakAza ko bhI unakI prabhA lajjita karatI hai ! vaha

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( 13 ) mahAn subhaga-sundara-samacaturasa-saMsthAnI-vajravRSabhanArA maMhananI ho jAte haiN| unakA atula vala hotA hai, ananta jJAna hotA hai-ananta darzana aura ananta sukha me vaha magna rahate haiN| jJAnAvaraNAda kamoM ke sarvaghAta se jJAnAdi guNoM kA pUrNa vikAsa aura prakAza tIrthakara meM dekhane ko milatA hai| vaha jIvanmukta saccidAnanda zuddha AtmA ho jAte haiM-isaliye zarIra kA koI vikAra uname zeSa nahIM rhtaa| unakI AtmA bhI zuddha aura zarIra bhI zuddha-donoM apanI 2 vizuddha pariNati meM maMlagna rahate haiM--parakA prabhAva vahA~ niHzeSa hai, isaliye vikAra ke liye gu jAiza nahIM! aMtaraMga meM rAga dvaSAdi nahIM uThate-bahiraMga meM bhUkha-pyAsa, janma-jarA-maraNa, roga-zoka, bhaya-Azcarya, pasInA Adi koI bhI vikAra nahIM uThate ! vizuddhi ke puJja una tIrthaMkara me zuddha-buddha paramotkRSTa AtmA tatva ke pratyakSa darzana hote haiN| isaliye unake nikaTa AdhivyAdhi rahatI nahIM-sau-sau yojana taka durbhikSa nahIM rahatA aura paraspara virodhI jIva bhI vaira bhAva chor3akara prema-jAnhavI meM nimagna ho jAte haiN| mAnava kyA, svarga ke devatA bhI unake darzana karake apane ko pavitra huA mAnate haiN| unakI dharma dezanA ke liye devatA sabhAgaha atIva sundara racate haiM, jo samavazaraNa kahalAtA hai aura jisame jIva mAtra pahucakara samatA bhAva kA anubhava karatA hai| nIca-UMca, raMka-rAva, zatru-mitra, strI-purupa, gore-kAle nara-tiya ca-sabhI tIrthaMkara ke samavazaraNa meM pahuMcakara sAmyabhAva aura sukha ko pAte haiN| ahiMsA aura

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(14) satya kA pUrNa prakAza jo vahA~ hai / yaha paramotkRSTa aAtmavizudvi asIma yoga sAdhanA kA suphala hai / vaha mAnava jo solaha-kAraNa yAtma-bhAvanAoM ko mana vacana kAya se saphala banA letA hai, vahI eka tIrtha kara ke pAda mUla meM baiThakara tIrthakara karma prakRti kA baMdha karatA hai| solaha-kAraNa Atma-bhAvanAyeM Atma vizuddhi ko pAne ke liye niyata-nimitta haiN| unameM bhI darzana vizudvi mUla preraka hai / vaha solahoM meM Adi ikAI hai-mukuTamaNi hai| Atma zraddhA kI vizuddhi, AtmA ke svarUpa kA anubhava darzana vizuddhi hai| mAnava pahale AtmA ko pahicAne aura usake svarUpa kA jJAna aura anubhava var3hAve, vaha apanA ataraMga nirmala hotA pAvegA, yahI darzana vizuddhi hai| zeSa pandraha kAraNa-bhAvanAoM me bhI yaha antarnihita hai-Atma vizuddhi nirantara bar3hatI hI rahatI haimahAnatA kI kujI yaha darzana vizudvi hai| zeSa bhAvanAyeM isakI anugAmI haiM / ve yaha haiM:(1) darzana vizaddhi-AtmAnubhava kI uttarottara vRddhi ! (2) vinaya sampannatA-pUjya puruSoM ke prati vinaya kA vyava hAra rakhanA aura loka vyavahAra meM bhI vinaya pUrvaka vartanA! (3) zIlavata brahmacarya paalnaa| apanI patnI ke atirikta anya striyoM ko mAM-bahana samajhatA / (4) jJAnopayoga-paThana pAThana meM nirata rahanA, jisase

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(15) AtmA kA ThIka abhijJAna ho / (5) saMvega-saMsAra ke kAryo me mamatva ko na rakhakara virakta rhnaa| (6) zakti bhara tyAga-zakti ko na chipAkara tyAga dharma kA pAlana karanA / krodhAdi kaSAya aMtaraMga parigraha kA tyAga karanA aura bahiraMga meM dhana dhAnyAdi kA tyAga (AkiMcanyavratI honA) (7) zakti bhara tapa-apanI zakti ke anusAra indriyanigraha aura icchAnirodha ke liye tapa kA abhyAsa karanA / (E) sAdha samAdhi-sodhujanoM kI satsaMgati meM samatA bhAva janya samAdhi-yoga niSTA kI pUrNatA prApta karanA / (8) vaiyAvRtya-bhakti pUrvaka sAdhu samUha kI sevA karanA __ aura karuNAbhAva se jIvamAtra kA upakAra karane me nirata rhnaa| (10) arhata-bhakti-arhata mahApuruSoM kI unake guNoM ko prApta karane ke liye bhakti karanA / (11) AcArya-bhakti-saMgha netA AcArya ke kartavya ko pahicAnakara unakI bhakti krnaa| (12) bahuzruta bhakti-apane se adhika jJAnI zikSaka upAdhyAya kI bhakti karanA,jisase jJAna kA vikAsa ho / (13) pravacana bhakti-satya samIcIna zAstroM ke svAdhyAya me nirantara bhaktibhAva rkhnaa|

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( 16 ) (14) paDhAvazyaka pAlana -- nitya niyama ke chai Avazyaka - karmoM, sAmAyika vandanA - pratikramaNAdi ke karane me dakSa honA / (15) mArga prabhAvanA - 'mokSa mArga kA paryaTaka saMsAra kA pratyeka prANI bane'-isa punIta bhAvanA se dharma prakAza ke kArya karanA / (16) vAtsalya - mokSamArgarata sAdharmI bandhuoM ke prati vAtsalya bhAva kA bartAva karanA aura jIvamAtra ke prati vyavahAra me vizva prema kA paricaya denA ! uparyukta solaha kAraNa bhAvanAoM kA eka tIrthaMkara ko nikaTatA meM nirantara abhyAsa karane se mumukSu apane me vaha yogyatA prApta karatA hai, jisase vaha tIrthaGkara hotA hai / ina bhAvanAoM ko pAlana karane kA aisA prabhAva hotA hai ki mumukSu me AdhyAtmika prakAza bar3hatA jAtA hai- AtmA ke darzana - jJAnAdi guNa vikasita hote jAte haiN| loga samajhate haiM ki ve carmacakSuoM se dekhate haiM, kintu jJAnI yaha nahIM mAnatA, use vaha jar3avAda kA vikAra mAnatA hai / carmacakSu jJAnopayoga ke bala para hI sArthaka hai / jJAnopayoga mati zruti avadhi - mana paryaya aura kevalajJAna rUpa hai / jJAnAvarNI karma ke kSayopazama ke anusAra jJAna kI taratamatA hotI hai, parantu usake sarvathA taya hone para jJAna kA pUrNa prakAza hotA hai / taba carmacakSuoM ke sahAre kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI -- zuddha AtmA kA jJAno

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( 17 ) payoga svayaM kAryakArI hotA hai / janma samaya se hI tIrthakara kA kSayopazama vizeSa hone se mati-zruta-avadhi kI viziSTatA unameM hotI hai| pUrNa jJAnI hokara ve dharmadezanA dete aura dharmatIrtha kI sthApanA karate hai / ataH kevala jJAna-avasara tIrthakara jIvana meM apUrva hai / taba devakRta caudaha atizaya pragaTa ho jAte haiM, jisase tIrthakara bhagavAna kA apUrva vaibhava pragaTa hotA hai / unake vihAra me dharmacakra Age Age calatA hai| samavazaraNa kI apUrva racanA hotI hai| kintu yaha vAdya atizaya unakI antaraMga vibhUti ke Age pAsaMga bhI nahIM hai| vivekI ina se tIrthaMkara kI mahAnatA nahIM mAnate / unakI vAhya vibhUti meM magna ho jAne ko ve Atmonnati meM argalA mAnate haiM / kahA bhI hai - "je jinadeha pramANa ne, samavasaraNAdi siddhi / varNana samajhe jina muM, roki rahe nija buddhi // " vastutaH tIrthakara kA mahatva unakI AtmA ke pUrNa vikAsa meM-usakI parama vizuddhi me garbhita hai aura vahI mAnava ke liye upAdeya hai| mAnava usI prakAra apane ko zuddha karake mahAn bana sakatA hai| kintu isa Atma zuddhi aura usake pariNAma rUpa mukti-vaibhava kI pratIti Adhunika jagata ko prAyaH nahIM hai| Ajakala ke sabhyaziSTa puruSa jar3avAda meM nimagna hone ke kAraNa AdhyAtmika bAtoM kI ora se besudha hai-unakI vilakSaNatA dekhakara ve zraddhA ko kho baiThate haiM / kintu ve bhUlate haiN| mAnavazarIra meM caitanya guNadhArI AtmA ke atirikta pudgala kI sArI

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( 18 ) zakti bhI arntanihita hai / jaba eka aNubama bar3e 2 nagaroM ko bhasma kara sakatA hai; vidya nakaNoM Adi pudgaloM ke prabhAva se zabda kA prasAra reDiyo dvArA sAre loka meM kiyA jA sakatA hai aura havA meM ur3A jA sakatA hai, taba vaisI hI vilana vArte yoganirata mAnava zarIra ke dvArA hone meM Azcarya kyA ? tIrthakara ke zarIra ke pudgala paramANu bhI vizuddha dazA ko prApta hokara lokopakAra meM kAraNabhUta baneM to Azcarya kyA ? kArabanapudgala-paramANu viziSTa vizuddhi ko pAkara hIre meM pariNata hokara camakate haiM / zrapUrva jyoti hotI hai unakI ! mAnava zarIra meM bhI kAravana milatA hai - zarIragata ve pudgala paramANu vizuddha hokara hIre se bhI adhika prakAzamAna hoveM to vismaya hI kyA ? tIrthakara zarIra kI jyoti isIlie mahAn hotI hai / niyata kAla para tIrthakara kI dharmadezanA hotI hai, jise dUra dUra taka hara koI samajha letA hai| aisI aisI lokahita kI apUrva bAteM sunakara jar3avAr3hI loga use atizayokti mAna baiThate haiM / kintu yaha adhyAtmavAda ko na jAnane kA hI pariNAma hai / Atmavala ke mahatva ko pahicAna na sakane kA phala hai / Atmavala ke samakSa saba vala niHsatva hote haiM / isakA prabhAva, parantu samajhate ve hI mahAbhAga haiM, jo AtmA aura paramAtmA ke svarUpa ko samajha cuke / vaha kahane-sunane kI bAta nahIM - anubhavagata vastu hai / tatvavettA spinojjA (Spinoza) ne ThIka hI kahA hai ki To define God is to deny Him arthAt paramAtmA kI vyAkhyA karanA use asvIkAra karanA hai / zrAja adhyAtmavAda ko samajhane 1

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( 16 ) kI atyantAvazyakatA hai / vaha bhI eka vijJAna hai aura usakI siddhi pratyakSa pramANa aura tarka se tIrthaMkara kI vAraNI meM ho cukI hai / isIlie to tIrthakara mahAn hai / vaha hama Apa jaise mAnava hote haiM / kintu adhyAtmabala kA pUrNa vikAsa karake mahAmAnava ho jAte hai aura loka ko pUrNa mukta mahAmAnava banane kA mArga nirdeza kara jAte haiM / vaha tIrthakara mAnava haiM ! mAnava kA Adarza mAnava hI hotA hai / tIrthakara saba mAnava hote haiN| yogasAdhanA karake vaha vAhya saMsarga aura upAdhi kA anta karake zuddha-buddha ho jAte haiM aura mAnava zarIra me hI jIvanmukta paramAtmA hokara camakate hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra bhI isI prakAra ke eka mahAmAnava tIrthaMkara the-- aneka bhavoM kI nirantara sAdhanA se unhoMne yaha - mahAn pada pAyA thA / Aiye, unakI pUrvasAdhanA kA digdarzana kare / (4) sAdhanA ke patha para ! 'kAla ananta bhramyo jaga meM, sahie dukha bhArI ! janma maraNa nita kie pApako ho' adhikArI // ' - sAmAyikapATha saMsArI jIva anantakAla se saMsAra me janma-maraNa ke duHkha uThA rahA hai| zarIra meM mamatva buddhi rakhane ke kAraNa use saMsAra kI caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM meM bhaTakanA par3atA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIva bhI anantakAla se saMsAra meM bhaTaka rahA thA / eka

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( 20 ) janma meM vaha mAnava huaA aura huvA bhIloM kA maraTAra ! zikAra khelanA usakA Tainika karma thA-vaha himAnandI thaa| usakA nAma pururavA thaa| kAlikA unakI patnI thii| eka dina patipatnI vana-vihAra kara rahe the| pururavA ne per3oM ke muramuTa meM do camakatI-sI oNkheM deviiN| tIra nikAla kara usane dhanupa para cddh'aayaa| kintu kAlikA ne roka diyaa| vaha bolI, "vahA~ zikAra nahIM, epha vana devatA baiMTa haiN|" pururavA acaMbhe meM par3Avaha gayA aura sacamuca dekhA mAgarasena muni dhyAna lagAye baiThe haiN| donoM ne bhakti se phUla car3hAye aura baiTha gye| nirmanya yogirATa ne unako 'dharma lAbha' pAzIrvAda diyaa| sAdhu vizeSa jJAnI the| unhoMne jAnA bhIla nikaTa bhavya hai| ise sabhya banAnA kaThina nahIM / vaha bole, "bhIlarAja ! isa moha meM kyoM paDe ho ? tuma cAho to loka ko apanA sevaka banA lo !" bhIla Azcaryacakita huaa| usane pUchA, "so kaine ?" sAdhu ne batAyA, "kucha nahIM, z2arA-sI bAta hai| apane ko jAna lo| vijaya tumhArI hai / tuma isa zarIra ko apanA mAnate ho, yaha bhrAMti hai| yaha zarIra to yahIM raha jAtA hai-miTTI meM mila jAtA hai| isa zarIra-mandira meM jo volatA huA haMsa hai vaha ur3a jAtA hai| vaha hasa tuma ho / isalie tuma amara ho / zarIra chUTane para bhI tuma rhoge| phira zarIra ke moha meM kyoM par3e ho ?" bhIlane socA ki 'sAdhujI vAta to ThIka kaha rahe haiN| manovijJAnI yogirATa ne bhI bhIla kA manogata bhAva jAMca liyaa| unhoMne Age kahA, "bhAI, yaha vAta yAda rakkho ki saMsAra meM manuSya

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( 21 ) janma pAnA durlabha hai / usa durlabha ratna ko pAkara tuma deha kI dAsatA me aMdhe bane rahakara usakA mUlya nahIM AMkate to yaha mUrkhatA hai / " bhIla bolA, "mahArAja ! maiM kisI kA dAsa nahIM haeN--bhIloM kA saradAra hU~ / " usakI yaha bAta sunakara sAdhu haeNsa diye aura bole, "are bhole jIva ! tU saradAra kahA~ hai ? do aMgula kI jIbha ne tujhe apanA dAsa banA rakkhA hai / jIbha ke svAda ke liye tU dUsare jIvoM ke prAraNa letA phiratA hai / jIbha ke caTakhe ko tU eka kSaNa bhI roka nahIM paataa| usake hukuma ko tU tatkSaNa mAnatA hai / batA tU dAsa nahIM hai / " bhIla cupa thA / bhIlanI ne sAhasa-se kahA, "yadi khAye nahIM to bhUkha se mara jAMya / " sAdhu bole, "bhUkha se koI nahIM maratA aura na kisI ko maranA cAhiye | kintu dhyAna yaha rakkho ki bhUkha kI | jvAlA miTAne meM dUsare jIvoM ko kama se kama kaSTa ho / annajala aura phala-phUla khAkara bhI mAnava jIvita raha sakatA hai / pazu-hatyA me hiMsA adhika hai-usase mAnava meM pazutA aura barbaratA bar3hatI hai| mujhe dekho, maiM pUrNa svastha hU~ / dina meM kevala eka vAra zuddha nirAmiSa bhojana karatA haeNU / svayameva paka kara cuye huye phaloM ko khAne meM bar3I nirAkulatA aura Ananda hai / phira maiM to bhUkha ko jItane ke liye do-do mahInoM taka bhojana nahIM karatA ? upavAsa aura AtmadhyAna meM magna rahatA hU~ / mujhe koI vikAra nahIM satAtA / maiM svastha hU~ / tuma bhI aisA hI karo !" bhIla bar3e asamaMjasa meM par3a kara bolA, "mahArAja ! maiM to apane bhIla samUha kA saradAra hU~ | taba loka kA saradAra

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kaise ho jAU~ga ?" sAdhu ne kahA-"bhAI ! jaba tU apane ko jItegA to loka ko jItane meM tujhe kyA dera lgegii| mere vacanoM para vizvAsa lA / tU eka janma meM avazya lokapUjya hogaa| kevala yaha niyama kara le ki tU jAna bUjhakara kisI ke prANa na tegA-zikAra nahIM khelegA aura zuddha bhojana karegA !" bhIlabhIlinI ne sAdhu mahArAja kI yaha sIkha sira-oNkhoM para lii| unhoMne sthUla rUpa meM ahiMsAvata ko grahaNa karake usakA khuva pAlana kiyA / aba unakA jIvana badala gayA / ve dharma ke prakAza meM A gaye-samabhAvI bana gye| pahale jo jIva unake pAsa Ate huye Darate the, vahI aba vedhar3aka unake pAsa cale Ate the aura unheM pyAra karate the| unake hRdayoM me amita dayA thii| prema thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jIvAtmA ne AtmotthAna kI sAdhanA isa bhIla ke bhava se hI prArambha kI thii| bhIna ke janma meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI AtmA ne jisa ahiMsA dharma kA vIja apane hRdaya meM coyA thA, vaha kaI janmoM kI jaya-parAjayoM ke pazcAt pUrNa vikasita aura phalita huA thaa| Ayu ke aMta me bhIla kA jIva usa nazvara zarIra ko chor3a kara svarga meM deva huaa| usa ne dUsaroM ko sukhI banAyA, isa lie svarga kA sukha use milaa| kintu pUrvasaMskAra ke vaza vaha usa svargIya jIvana meM bhI bhogoM ke zrAdhIna nahIM huA, balki dharmArAdhanA meM kAla vyatIta karatA rhaa| Ayu ke anta meM vaha jIva bhAratavarSa ke Adi cakravartI bharata kA putra huaa| marIci usa kA nAma thA / apane bAvA, pahale tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke sAtha,

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( 23 ) vaha bhI digambara muni hogayA, kintu vaha tapasvI-jIvana kI kaThinAiyoM ko sahana na kara skaa| jaMgala meM raha kara apane zarIra ko jyoM-tyoM saradI-garamI se bacAtA aura vanaphala khAkara kAlakSepa karatA, apanI zakti se adhika bhAra uThA kara vaha sanmArga se cyuta huaa| usane apanA dUsarA hI mArga banAyA aura eka aise mata kA pracAra kiyA jo sAMkhyamata se milatA jalatA thaa| satva kI ora vaha bar3hA, kintu bIca meM vaha ruka gayA / kAyala za kA phala use avazya milA / vaha brahma svarga me deva huA ! aba vaha ahiMsA-saMskAra se dUra bhaTaka gayA thA-bhogoM meM magna rahA; vahAM ke bhoga bhogakara vaha phira manuSya huaa| ___ayodhyA meM kapila brAhmaNa kA putra jaTila huaa| usane mithyAzAstra par3he aura sanyAsI hogayA / tapa vaha tapatA; parantu AtmA ke svabhAva se besudha hokara apane ko jAne binA koI loka ko kyA jAne ? usakI sAdhanA apUrNa thii| vaha marakara phira devatA huA aura vahA~ se Akara phira ayodhyA meM bhAradvAja brAhmaNa kA putra puSpamitra huaa| bAlyakAla se hI use haThayoga sAdhane kI ruci thii| sanyAsI hokara vaha eka bar3A haThayogI hogyaa| haThayogI kI sAdhanAne use zarIra para adhikAra karanA sikhA diyA-loga usake camatkAra dekhakara mugdha ho jAte the| kiMtu usase Atmabodha nahIM huaa| Ayu pUrNa hone para vaha punaH svargaloka kA adhikArI huA! svarga-sukha bhoga kara vaha jIvAtmA zvetikA nAmaka nagara meM agnibhati brAhmaNa kA putra agnisaha huA / sanyAsa usakA

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( 24 ) saMskAra ho gayA thA-vaha phira sanyAsI banA aura usakA sIThA phala use svarga sukha milaa| svargIya jIvana ke bhoga bhogakara vaha phira eka bAra agnimitra nAmaka parivrAjaka huA aura Azika sAdhanA ne use phira svarga-sukha diye| nissaMdeha choTA-sA acchA bIja bhI mIThA-phala detA hI hai, kintu svargIya jIvana ko antimadhyeya samajhanA to ajAna hai| usame mukti nahIM hai / svarga sukha bhoga kara vaha bhAradvAja nAmaka tridaMDI sAdhu huaa| mithyA zraddhAna ko vaha dho na sakA / devagati ke bhogoM me vaha Asakta jo ho gayA thA / isa indriyAsakti ne use bahuta-sI kuyoniyoM meM bhttkaayaa| phira kisI pUrva saMcita zubha karma ke prabhAva se vaha manuSya huaa| vaha parivrAjaka sthAvara khlaayaa| parivrAjaka jIvana meM usane phira ajAna tapa kiyA, AtmAnubhava se vaha dUra rahA / tapa kA phala aizvarya bhoga hai / vaha devaparyAya meM use milaa| usa samaya rAjagRha nagara meM vizvabhUti nAmaka jainI rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| pururavA bhIla kA vaha jIva jo bha0 mahAvIra huA thA, usa janma meM unakA putra vizvanadI huA / vaha var3A parAkramI thaa| haraeka kA pyArA thA vaha / usakA cacerA bhAI vizAkhanadI thaa| vaha vizAkhabhUti kA putra thA / vizvabhUti ne rAjyabhAra vizAkhabhUti ko sauMpakara munivrata dhAraNa kiyA thaa| vizvanadi yavarAja huA / usane eka sundara udyAna apane manovilAsa ke liye vanavAyA aura usame Ananda se raha rahA thaa| acAnaka use bAta huA ki kAmarUpa kA sImAvartI rAjA vidrohI

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ho gayA hai| yaha parAkramI vIra thaa| caTa se senA lekara usa vidroha ko zamana karane ke liye vaha kAmarUpa kI sImA para calA gyaa| vIra to thA hI-rAjavidrohI kA mAnamardana karake vaha jaldI hI rAjagRha lauTa aayaa| usane dekhA ki usake udyAna para vizAkhanaMdi ne usakI anumati vinA adhikAra kara liyA hai| usakI yaha anadhikAra cepAthI / vizvanaMdi isa anyAya ko sahana na kara sakA / usane vizAkhanaMdiko samajhAyA, kintu haThIlA vizAkha nahIM mAnA / donoM meM yuddha huA-vizAkha hAra gayA aura jAkara pitA ke pAsa royaa| idhara vizvanaMdi ko bhAI kI isa kAyaratA aura svArthavaddhi para karuNA AI / usane vaha udyAna vizAkha ko de diyA aura saMsAra ke vaicitrya ko dekhakara vaha sAdhu ho gyaa| vizAkhabhUti ne rokA to usane kahA, "tAta ! merA nizcaya har3a hai| maiM nazvara sampatti ke moha me bhAI se lar3A, isakA parizodha karanA hai / udyAna saundarya kSaNika hai / bhAI kA sauhArdra svArtha se alipta sthira nahIM hai| AtmA kA saundarya aura sauhArdra sthira aura apUrva hai / maiM usake pAne kA parAkrama kruuNgaa|" vizAkhabhUti ne bhatIje ke tyAgabhAva kI gaharAI ko AMka liyA / usane 'tathA'stu' kahA aura svayaM bhI muni ho gayA / jar3a buddhime sukha kahAM hai ? zarIra kA bandhana dukhada hI hai| vizAkhanaMdi rAjA huaa| kAyara thA, zAsana sUtra saMbhAla na skaa| rAjabhRSTa hokara vaha eka dina satharA ke bAjAra meM eka dukAna para baiThA huA thaa| sAdhu vizvanaMdi bhikSAvatti ke lie vahAMse nikale / akasmAt eka baila ne unako dhakkA diyaa| vaha gira pdd'e| yaha dekhakara

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( 26 ) vizAkhanaMdi ne unakA upahAna kiyA / mAdhu vizvanadi apana ko saMbhAla na sake-samatAbhAva ko kho baitthe| unhoMne nidAna syiA ki dUsare janma meM isako jarUra majA cakhAUgA ' vara kA nyoTA vIja unhoMne boyaa| sanmArga se phira vaha vicalina hye| unhoMne ThIka parAkrama pragaTa kiyA thA. kintu tyAga, ahiMnA aura satya kA sunaharA jIvana unhoMne vaira-vipa kI kaTu-bhAvanA se dUpita kara liyA / tapasvI to the hI, zarIrAnta para svarga me devatA huce / svarga-sukha bhogakara yaha jIva podanapura ke rAjA prajApati kA tripaSTa nAmaka putra huaa| vaha pahalA nArAyaNa thaa| naroM meM zreSTa aura maryAdA dharma kA vaha Adarza nirmAtA thA / parAkramI bhI vaha adhika thaa| usI samaya azvagrIva nAmaka rAjA bhI baDA pratApI thaa| usakA lohA saba koI mAnatA thA / tripRSTa para bhI usane zAsana calAnA cAhA use vaha sahana nahIM huA tvAdhInavRtti jo thI usakI-phira thA pUrva saMskAra ! vaira kA badalA cukanA hI thaa| azvagrIva vizAkhanadikA jIva thA / haThAt donoM meM yuddha huaa| yuddha bhI isa liye ki azvanIva cAhatA thA ki svayaMprabhA kA vyAha tripRSTa ke sAtha na ho, para svayaMprabhA vyAhI gaI tripRSTa ko / strI moha me azvagrIva Aga babUlA ho gayA aura yaddha meM kheta rahA ! tripRSTa niSkaNTaka ho rAjya karane lgaa| tIna khaMDa pRthvI kA vaha rAjA haA / usake aizvarya kA ThikAnA na thaa| bhautika jIvana meM vaha Age bar3ha rahA thaa| vilAsitA aizvarya kI chAyA hai| tripRSTa bhogoM meM aMdhA ho gayA / apane kartavya ko vaha bhUla baiThA aura narakagAmI huA / karanI kA phala jIvoM ko .

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( 27 ) bhoganA hI par3atA hai| pururavA bhIla kA jIva acchI karanI se daMba aura nArAyaNa huAH kintu vahI vipayAsakta aura karttavyahIna hokara naraka kA adhikArI vanA ! naraka se bhI badatara pazu jovana usane paayaa| vaha do bAra siMha huaa|bhautiktaa me pazutA antarnihita hai / java pazu saMskAra kI bahulatA huI to jIva ko pazuparyAya milanA hI thii| bhautikatA parale sire kI vaMcakatA hI to hai-apane AtmasvarUpa se parA durAva-mAyAcArI jo usameM hai| kintu pururavA ke jIva ne ahiMsA-saMskAra kA bIja apane antara me vo liyA thA-vaha dava jarUra rahA thA-vAhya saMsarga aura mithyAdarzana ne use usakI ora se besudha kara diyA thA-vaha parAjita ho gayA thaa| kintu usakA bhaviSya ujjvala thaa| vAhyanimitta milane se jIva kI kAyA palaTa hotI hai-antara meM IzvarIya lya kA prakAza jo vidyamAna hai| pururavA kA jIva sindhu nadI ke kinAre himavata parvata kI khoha me siMha kI paryAya me raha rahA thaa| usakI honI acchI thI-use to tIrthakara honA thaa| ajitaMjaya munirAja kA saMsarga use milA / satya aura ahiMsA ke prakAza-puJja the vaha / unake divya-prakAza ne siMha kI pazutA naSTa kara dii| siMha ne hiraNa kA zikAra kiyA thaa| ajitaMjaya bole, "mRgapati ! tuma apane ko bhUla gye| pahale ke eka janma meM manuSya hokara tuma pazu bane the| pururavA tumhArA nAma thaa| tumane tava hiMsA karanA chor3A thA aura svargoM ke sukha bhoge the| kintu tripRSTa ke bhava me tuma vAsanA meM baha gaye-hiMsA me sana gye| usI kA dukhada pariNAma yaha hiMsaka pazujIvana hai| sukha cAhate

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( 28 ) ho to isa hiMsA-kArya ko phira chor3a do| pahale kI pratijJA ko yAda karo! __ yogirAja ajitaMjaya kI vANI me jAdU thaa| AtmA kI vANI ko AtmA kyoM na samajhe ? siMha kI AtmAbhI darzana-bAnaguNoM se ota-prota thI-antara kevala itanA thA ki ajJAna ke kAraNa ve guNa Dhake huye the / yogirAja ne usakA paradA haTA diyA, siMha ke jIva ko pahale janmoM kI yAda A gii| zikAra se use ghRNa ho gaI-munirAja ke caraNoM meM sira rakhakara vaha AMsU bahAne lagA / 'pazu sUka haiN| mAnava kI yaha mAnyatA hai, parantu unakI apanI vANI hai, apanI samajha hai| ise vaha bhUla jAtA hai| kisI sarakasa ke zikSaka se pUchiye / vaha Apako pazuoM ke brAna kI adbhuta bAteM batAyegA / usa para ajitaMjaya to mahAn yogirAT the| unakI AdhyAtmiktA aura ahiMsA saMskAra ne siMha ko jJAna netra diyA, to isameM Azcarya hI kyA ! ajitaMjaya ne siMha ke bhAvoM ko buddha karane ke liye kahA. "pazupati! ghavarAtro nahIM! tumhArI AtmA ananta jJAnavAna aura zaktizAlI haiN| ThIka dizA meM calo, ahiMsA ko pAlo, tunhArA uddhAra hogA / maiMne tIrthakara zrIvara ke mukhAravinda se sunA hai ki tundArA jIva dazaveM janma meM bharata kSetra kA antima tIrthakara mahAvIra varddhamAna hogaa| tIrthakara bhagavAn ke vacana para zraddhA karo, nundArA bhalA hogaa| munirAT yaha kahakara antardhAna ho gye| siMha naMyamI jIvana vitAne lagA / samatA bhAva se prAta dirjana karake usA jIva saudharma svarga meM deva huaa|

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( 2ha ) pazu-paryAya me usane ahiMsA kA vrata grahaNa karake mAnoM usane jIva mAtra kI rakSA kI, unako abhaya karAne kA dRr3ha saMkalpa kiyA thA / usa saMkalpa ko vaha mahAvIra ke jIvana meM pUrNa kara sakA thA / siMha kA jIva svarga meM hariSvaja nAmakA deva huA thA / dharma kA phala aizvarya hotA dekhakara vaha dharma-puruSArtha meM lIna huA / jina caityAlayoM kI vaha nitya prati vandanA karatA / eka dina use apane gurU mila gaye / vaha vinIta ho bolA, "guruvaryya ! Apake dharmopadeza-prasAda ko pAkara maiM kRtkRtya huA aura svarga sukha bhoga rahA huuN| maiM ApakA upakAra aura ApakI zikSA bhUla nahIM sakatA / " gurU ne "dharmavRddhi" rUpa AzIrvAda dekara usakI zraddhA ko aura bhI dRr3ha kara diyA / haridhvaja deva, guru, zAstra kI bhakti meM sukha anubhava karatA thA / - usakA AtmotkarSa huA / Ayu ke anta meM samabhAvoM se usane prANa visarjana kiye / vaha kanakadhvaja nAmaka vidyAdhara nareza huye / rAjatva kA sukha bhoga kara vaha sumati svAmI munirAja se dIkSita huye aura tapazcaraNa karake svarga meM pahu~ce / deva paryAya ko dharma kA phala jAnakara vaha jinendra bhakti meM lIna huye / unheM vizvAsa thA ki "ThIka se chAye gaye ghara meM jisa prakAra varSA kA jala nahIM ghusatA, vaise hI jinendra bhakti se zrota-prota hRdaya meM pApa vRSTi nahIM ghusa pAtI / " isa zraddhA ko lekara vaha AdhyAtmika unnati meM bar3hatA gayA / svarga se Akara vaha ujjayanI nagarI meM hariSeNa rAjA huA /

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( 30 ) rAjya lakSmI ko bhogate huye bhI vaha vratoM ko pAlatA thA / jItra ke saMskAra jaise par3a jAte haiM, vaisA hI jIvana vyavahAra mvataH banatA hI jAtA hai| dharma kA bIja aMkurita hone para bar3hatA hI hai| hariSeNa ke bhava meM bha0 mahAvIra ke jIva ne dharma bhAva ko uttarocara bar3hAyA / dAna dete aura pUjA karate huye vaha Ananda anubhava karatA / sacamuca "maiM dharma kArya kara rahA huuN|" yaha bhAva hI sukhadAyaka hai, yahAM bhI aura dUsare bhava meM bhI / kintu antardRSTA-jIva isa puNya kArya se hI saMtuSTa nahIM hotaa| bhakti ko vaha apanI sAdhanA kI eka maMjila mAnatA hai aura usako pAkara Age bar3hatA hai / hariSeNa kA jIva tatvadRSTi pA gayA thaa| vaha Age bar3hA, muni huA / tapa kiyA aura samAdhi se phira svarga sukha pA gayA / vahAM bhI vaha dharma kI ArAdhanA karatA rhaa| dharma puruSArtha se aizvarya kI prApti honA avasammA hai| usa aizvarya ko pAkara bhI jaba jIva vAsanA ko jItatA hai-indriyoM kA dAsa nahIM hotA, tabhI vaha mahAna hotA hai| mahAvIra prama ke jIva ne isa parIkSA meM bhI apane ko saphala siddha kiyA / unako cakravartI kA aizvarya milaa| bhautika unnati phI carama sImA para vaha pahuMca gye| priyamitra cakravartI ye vaha, kintu isa bhautika utkarSa meM bhI unakA jJAnanetra prakAzamAna thA / rAjatva aura aizvarya kI carama sImA para vaha pahu~ce / zarIra bala aura loka pramutA kI paramotkRSTa sthiti meM the vaha kinnu priyamitra usase prabhAvita nahIM huye, vAmanA meM vaha nahIM

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( 31 ) bahe, ghamaMDa me vaha aMdhe nahIM huye| unhoMne siddha kara diyA 'adhikAra pAya kAhi mada nAhiM' kI ukti ajJajanoM ke lie hai / vicakSaNa rAjatva ko cAra dina kI cAMdanI-bhara jAnate haiN| priyamitra yaha mAnakara prAtmotkarSa ke kArya karane para tula pdd'e| unhone jinendra bhakti se prerita ho 'indradhvaja-maha' (yajJa) nAmaka vizeSa pUjA racI aura logoM ko kimicchita dAna diyaa| unakA yaza loka meM phaila gayA / vaha mahAn lokopakArI jo the| sAdhanA kI pahalI sIr3iyoM ko pUrA kara Aye / dhana kA nissAra rUpa unhoMne pahacAna liyA, vaha sampatti nahIM hai, sampatti to samucita 'zrama' hai / zrama na ho to sampatti bhI na ho / zrama se mahAn sampatti milatI hai / zramaNa-sAdhu zrama se hI mokSa-lakSmI ko pAtA hai| ataH sata-zrama hI upAdeya hai| yaha socakara priyamitra eka dina zrI kSemakara tIrthakara ke samavazaraNa meM pahuMga / unase dharmopadeza sunaa| usake antara me AtmA kA prakAza camaka utth|| cakravartI kA aizvarya usake sammukha phIkA jNcaa| vaha use kATane ko daudd'aa| apane putra ko rAjya dekara vaha zramaNa (muni) ho gye| tIrthayAra ke pAda. mUla meM dharma kI ArAdhanA karane me vaha tanmaya ho ge| sarvajJa, sarvadarzI gurU ko unhoMne pAyA / kevala jJAna ke unhoMne sAkSAt darzana kiye / AtmA kI ananta zakti meM unako hada zradvA huii| Arya-satya ko pAne ke liye vaha sat-zrama karane meM laga gaye; kyoMki unako vizvAsa thA ki zrama vahI sarAhanIya aura upAdeya hai jisake

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( 32 ) karane se apane Atmika guNoM kA vikAsa ho, aura vahI zrama akSayabala hai jisase Atma-vibhati kI upalabdhi ho| judra svArtha ke lie kiyA gayA zrama prazasta nahIM hai kyoMki usameM hiMsA kI kAlimA chipI huI hai| caJcalA lakSmI ke lie zrama karanA kucha mahatva nahIM rakhatA / vyavahAra vinimaya ke sAdhana svarUpa lakSmI dvArA apanA bhautika evaM laukika svArtha sAdhakara vyakti sukhasA samajhatA hai parantu use santoSa nahIM hotA / acchA bhojana aura acchA vana pAne ke lie vyakti jhagar3atA hai aura bhUla jAtA hai ki yaha pazuvatti hai| kyA mAnava ko pazu vananA hai ? nahIM, kadApi nahIM / priya mitra ne zramaNa pada lekara isa satya ko spaSTa kara diyaa| unhoMne vastra kA vandhana hIna rakhA, aura bhUkha ko jItane ke lie vaha tapasyA karane lge| Age bar3hate huye solaha kAraNa bhAvanAoM kA mUrtamAna citra unhoMne apane hRdaya meM akita kiyaa| sacamuca dharmamUrta priyamitra mahAbhAga the-rAjacakrivatitva ke pada ko unhoMne ThukarAyA thaa| ata: dharmacakravartI kA mahAn pada milanA unake liye anivArya thA / solaha kAraNa bhAvanAoM ko apanI jIvanacaryA meM mUrtamAna banAkara unhoMne tIrthakarakarma-prakRti kA vadha kiyA thaa| samabhAvoM se zarIra tyAga kara vaha sahastrAra svarga meM deva haye / sAdhanA kI carama sthiti meM vaha pahu~ca cuke the| vahAM se ccata haye, to nandanavarddhana nAma ke rAjA huye / munivrata dhAre aura samAdhi se prANotsarga karake vaha puSpottara vimAna meM deva huye / yahAM se cyata hokara vaha jIva tIrthakara mahAvIra nAma se prasiddha huaa|

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( 33 ) Atmonnati ke jIvana patha meM unake jIva ne unnati avanati ke bhakore sahe / Akhira vaha samyak patha ke pathika bane / zArIrika pUrNatA ke sAtha vaha AdhyAtmika unnati karane me saphala hue| parvata kI zikhira para car3haneke liye kadama-ba-kadama Upara calanA hotA hai / paramotkRSTa mokSadhAma bhI usI krama se pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| Atma-parAkrama pragaTa karake jIva zuddha vaddha banatA hai| bha0 mahAvIra ke jIva ne usako pAneke liye eka darjana se bhI adhika pUrvajanmoM me parAkrama kiyA thA / sarvatra tIrthaGkara ke pAda-padma meM unakI AtmAaisIjJAna-surabhita huI ki antataH vaha bhI ThIka vaisI hI camakI ! mahAn pada ke liye mahAn udyoga karanA svAbhAvika hai| kahAM zikArI pururuvA bhIla aura kahAM tIrthakara mahAvIra ? AtmA kI ananta acintya zakti hai|

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(5) tatkAlIna paristhiti "bhatizaya dekha dharma kI hAnI, parama mamIta gharA akulAnI )" jala ghaTikA bhara cukI thii| vaha maTa-se talI meM baiTha gaI sajaga praharI ne ghaMTA bjaayaa| logoM ko saceta kara diyaa| ghaTikA ko khAlI karake pAnI kI sataha para tairA diyaa| yaha kAryakrana hamezA isI prakAra calatA hai| saMsAra meM nitya naye parivartana hote, isI krama le dekhe jAte haiN| adhunA bhAratakSetra meM avisapiNI kA paMcama kAla cala rahA hai| yaha dukhamA kAla hai| sava hI jIva isameM kramaza uttarottara dukhI jIvana vitaayeNge| kintu bhagavAn mahAvIra ke janma samaya yahA~ cauthe dukhamA sukhamA-kAla kA antima pAda thaa| logoM ko dukha ke sAtha sukha bhI bhogane ko mila jAtA thA / samayAnusAra mahApuruSoM kA janma hotA thA-ve virAr3I ko banA lete the| manuSyoM kI duravasthA ko miTA dete the| yadyapi sArA saMsAra eka dama dharmAtmA nahIM hotA, parantu isa meM dharmAtmAoM kA vAhulya aura pApAtmAoM kA atyatva hotA hai| yahI svarNakAla hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke janma samaya bhArata isa svarNakAla kI pratIkSA kara rahA thaa| ___manuSyoM ke tatkAlIna kRtyoM se hI deza-dazA meM parivartana hote haiM / yadi manuSyoM ke karma zubha hote haiM to unakI dazA uttama hotI hai| aura yadi manuSya bare karma karane meM phaMsa jAte haiM

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( 35 ) to unakI dazA adhama aurazocanIya hotI hai| samAja manuSyoM se hI banA hai| acche-bure manuSyoM kI saMkhyA aura tAratamya ke anusAra hI samAja kI sthiti badalatI rahatI hai-usakI AvazyakatAyeM ghaTatI-bar3hatI aura naI-naI hotI rahatI hai-manuSyoM meM dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva ke anusAra naye naye vicAra utpanna hote rahate haiM / manuSya unhIMke anukUla apane siddhAMta bhI gar3ha lete haiM / parantu vaha usa hada takahI mAnya aura sthAyI hote haiM jitane aMza meM uname satya hotA hai / isa yuga kI Adi me RSabhadeva nAmaka prathama tIrthaGkara ne manuSyoM ko samAja zAstra, rAjanIti aura dharmatatva kA yathArtha pATha par3hAyA thA; parantu usI samaya bha0 mahAvIra ke jova marIcine ahaGkAra ke vaza meM hokara mithyA mArga kA bhI upadeza diyA thaa| matabheda svAbhAvika hai, parantu usame haTha aura pakSapAta kA honA bhayaGkara hai| loka me haThole aura pakSapAtI mithyAdRSTiyoM kI kabhI bhI kamI nahIM rahI hai| ataH kabhI aisI durUha sthiti upasthita hotI hai ki usakA sAmaJjasya nahIM hotA / vaha eka aisI samasyA banatI hai ki jisakA uttara nahIM miltaa| pariNAmataH manuSya samAja me azAnti aura asantoSa phaila jAtA hai-logoMko dharma siddhAntoM me vizvAsa nahIM rahatA aura yadi kahIM rahatA bhI hai to aMdhazraddhA ke rUpa meM ! cahu~oraaviveka kA aMdhakAra chA jAtA hai / viveka rUpI prakAzase usakA saMgharSa hotA hai| samaya kI isa avasthA ke anukUla mahAn AtmAe~ avatarita hotI haiN| vaha samAja kI gaMbhIra aura vicchinna sthiti ko sudhAra detI haiM aura samAja ko sanmArga para le AtI haiN|

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__ IsvI san se pahale pAcavIM aura chaThavIM zatAbdiyAM mAnava jAti ke itihAsameM apUrva thiiN| vaha krAntimaya kAla thaa| usakA prabhAva sthAyI aura cirasmaraNIya thaa| sAre loka meM usa samaya halacala macI thii| pracalita sAmAjika prathAoM aura dhArmika mAnyatAoM ke virodha meM mAnavoM ne AvAja uThAI thii| bhArata usase achUtA nahIM thaa| kintu saubhAgyavaza yahIM para sarvajJa tIrthakara mahAvIra kA janma huA, jinhoMne loka ko satya ke darzana karAye aura use sukha evaM zAnti pradAna kI ! tUphAna ke bAda jaise samudra zAnta aura gambhIra ho jAtA hai, vaise hI bha0 mahAvIra ke satyopadeza se loka santuSTa huA thA ! pyAse ko jala aura bhUkhe ko bhojana jaise tapta karatA hai, vaise hI mithyA aMdhadRSTi ke liye jJAna jyoti tRpti kA kAraNa hai| __ bha0 mahAvIra ke zubhAgamana ke pahale se hI bhAratavarSa kI dazA jaTila aura mArmika banI huI thii| yahA~ ke manuSyoM para artha saMkaTa utanA bhayaGkara nahIM thA, jitanA ki samAja aura vame kA saMkaTa vikaTa thaa| unake kAraNa rAjanIti bhI parivartana se achUtI nahIM rahI thii| ataH usa krAntimaya sthiti para eka vihaMgama dRSTi DAla lenA, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke lokoddhAraka kArya kA mahatva samajhane ke liye Avazyaka hai| Aiye pAThaka usako dekhiye| Arthika sthiti-taba bhAratase artha saMkaTa nahIM thaa| ava se tava kA bhArata lAkha darje acchA thaa| Ajakala jaisA dAridraya aura duSkAla tava kahIM dikhAI nahIM par3atA thaa| sadA

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( 37 ) sakdA sukAla saba ora dIkhatA thaa| jaina kathAoM me usa samaya kI samRdvi aura artha sampannatA kA citraNa huA milatA hai| manuSyoM ko bhojana-vastra kI kamI nAma ko nahIM thI / dAsa aura dAsI ke atirikta koI majadUrI nahIM karatA thA-majadUrI bhI paiso ke liye nahIM kI jAtI thI-sukhI aura svAdhIna jIvana bitAne ke liye majadUrI kI jAtI thii| zramI mAlika ke ghara kA eka aGga bana jAtA thA / caMdanA ko kauzAmbI ke seTa apane ghara le gaye-ghara meM pahale vaha aise rahI mAno usa ghara meM hI janmI ho yA usase sambandhita ho / parantu dAsa-dAsiyoM para kabhI kabhI ghora atyAcAra bhI ho jAte the| unakA mAnavI jIvana dUsaroM kI dayA para nirbhara thaa| kRSi aura vANijya hI logoM kA mukhya vyavasAya thA, para zilpakA abhAva nahIM thaa| gAMva-gAMva meM vividha prakAra ke kalAkAra rahate the| pratyeka grAma apano AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karane meM svayaM samartha thA / khetI se anna, karphe se vastra, pazudhana se dUdha-ghI aura avazeSa vastuyeM unheM anya zilpiyoM se milatI thiiN| loga bhare pUre caina se rahate the| vyApArI loga dUra-dUra dezoM se vyApAra karate the| deza kI AvazyakatAnusAra cIjeM lAte aura le jAte the / mizra, yUnAna cIna, phArasa, laMkA Adi dezoM se vyApAra kiyA jAtA thaa| usa samaya ke sikke bhI mile haiN| vyApArika AdAna-pradAna sikkoM se nakada hotA thaa| usa samaya loga gAMvoM me hI adhika rahate the| nagaroM kI saMkhyA ginI cunI thii| nagara samRddhizAlI aura samunnata nAgarika jIvana kI sAkSI dete the| unameM nAga

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( 35 ) vApI-snAnAgAra-sabhAgRha-nATyazAlA zrAdi Amoda-pramoda kI sAmagrI kA bAhulya thA / makAna aura mahala acchI kArIgarI ke do-do tIna-tIna maMjilo ke banate the| corI bahuta kama hotI thI / sAmAjika sthiti usa samaya samAja meM zikSA kA pracAra paryApta thA / upAdhyAyamahArAja brahmacaryAzrama meM rakha kara bAlaka-bAlikAoM ko dhArmika aura laukika zikSA divA karate the| jambUkumAra yadyapi eka karor3apati seTha ke putra the, parantu vaha vidyAdhyayana ke liye upAdhyAya mahArAja ke nikaTa gurukula meM rahe the / grAmINa sIdhA-sAdA jIvana bitAte the, parantu nagaroM meM vilAsitA bar3hI huI thI / yuvaka-yuvatiyA~ premAlApa karatIM thIM / pariNAma svarUpa gaMdharva vivAha bhI hote the / kAmukatA kI mAtrA samAja meM sImA ko ulaMghana kara gaI thI / candanA kA udAharaNa isakA pramANa hai / mahaloM meM bhUlatI huI rAjakumArI ko eka kAmuka vidyAdhara ur3A le jAtA hai / jaba candanA ke dRr3hacaritra ke sanmukha vaha hatAza hotA hai, to use eka aTavI meM chor3a detA hai / vahA~ kA saradAra use pAkara vAsanAmeM ghirakatA hai, parantu candanA apanA zIladharma vahA~ bhI 'akSuNNa rakhatI hai / strItva kI hInatA aura naitika maryAdA kI kSoNatA kI parAkASThA to usa samaya dIkhatI ---- hai jabaki caurAhe para khar3A karake candanA kA mUlya lagAyA jAtA hai / vezyAyeM aura kAmuka puruSa kitanA vIbhatsa hAsa parihAsa karate haiN| mahAn asahya thA vaha dRzya ! eka sabhya seTha usa

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susaMskRta lalanA kI yaha durdazA na dekha ske| unhoMne usakI rakSA kii| artha sampannatA aura vilAsa galabahiyAM DAlakara calate haiM / artha sampanna puruSa vilAsI na bane to devatA hai aura vilAsitA kA vyatikrama na kare-saMyamase bhoga bhoge to manuSya hai| kintu jahA~ vilAsitA hI jIvana kA antima dhyeya banA ho, vahA~ mAnavatA nahIM Thahara sakatI ! bha0 mahAvIra ke janma se pahale bhArata kI yahI dazA thii| eka cauddha grantha batAtA hai ki rAjagaha ke rAja koSAdhyakSakI kanyA eka DAkU para mohita hogii| spaSTa zabdoM meM usane apanI premavArtA mAtA-pitA se khii| mAtA-pitA ne lAkha samamAyA, parantu prema to aMdhA hotA hai| haThAt DAkU ke sAtha usakA vyAha kara diyA gyaa| thor3e hI dinoM meM kanyA ne apanI galatI pahacAnI / usane jAnA ki usakA pati rUpa kA gAhaka nahIM hai - vaha dhana kA lobhI hai| phalataH dAmpatya jIvana naSTa huaa| donoM eka dUsare ke prANoM ke grAhaka bne| strI kI mAyAcArI saphala huI / DAkU akAla kAla kavalita huA / parantu hatyArI kAmuka kanyA ko kauna sthAna detA? vaha saMsAra se bhayabhIta huI bhAgI aura eka sAdhvI bana gaI / dharma-saMgha hI usa jaisI patitA ke liye zaraNabhUta thA / aise udAharaNa aura bhI milate haiM, parantu cyavana kiye huye ko cyavana karanA vyartha hai| tava to banavAsIvAnaprasthI bhI patnI ke binA yoga sAdhanA nahIM kara sakate the| sacamuca tava zIladharma kI manamAnI chIchAledara ho rahI thI / vivAha sambaMdhoM para pratibaMdha Ajakala jaisA jaTila nahIM thaa| jAti vyavasthA bhI

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Ajakala jaisI jaTila aura saMkIrNa nahIM thI / mukhyataH cAra jAtiyaoN thii| uname pradhAna pada kSatriyoM ko prAta thaa| brAhmaNo kA Adara unake jaisA nahIM thA / vaizya apanI pratiSThA banAye huye ye| deza kI samRddhizAlInatA adhikAzata. unakI RNI thii| / zUdra anAdara ke pAtra the / brAhmaNoM kI heyadazA kA kAraNa unakA kriyAkAMDa aura jAtimada thaa| kSatriya-dharma mArga meM unase bar3e car3he the| tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kA janma unhIM meM se huA thA / unake upadeza ne logoM ko saceta kara diyA thaa| vaha kriyAkANDa ko nitsAra jAnate aura naye 2 mata calAte the| kSatriya aura trAhmaNa guruoM meM prAyaH saMgharSa hotA thaa| dhArmika sthiti-isa saMgharSa meM dharma kI burI dazA thii| vArmika arAjakatA cahu~ora phailI huI thii| eka nahIM balki aneka-saMbhavata tInasau tresaTha matamatAntara pracalita the| loga hairAna the-ajAna andhakAra meM par3e hue jJAna jyoti pAne ke lie lAlAyita the| do vibhinna vicAra dhArAyeM vaha rahI thIM (1) zramaNa paramparA aura (2) brAhmaNa paramparA / zramaNa paramparA ko rAjyAzraya milA thaa| adhikAMza kSatriya ina zramaNoM ko apanAte the| AjIvaka, acelaka (prAcIna jaina ) vauddha Adi saMpradAya inameM mukhya the / jaina zramaNa paramparA kSINadhArA meM calI A rahI thii| zramaNagaNa antima tIrthakara kI pratIkSA meM the| isa liye vizeSa prakhyAta dharma pravartaka apane ko tIrthaGkara ghoSita karane kA moha saMvaraNa nahIM kara sake the| kintu kATha kI iMDiyA eka TuphA hI car3hatI hai| Akhira unakA patana

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( 41 ) avazyambhAvI thaa| bauddhoM ne sAmAnyataH ina saba kA aura vizeSataH jainoM kA ullekha 'tIrthaka' ( titthiya ) nAma se kiyA hai| iname (1) pUrNa kAzyapa, (2) maskari gozAliputra ( majali gozAla ), (3) saMjaya vairasthiputra, (4) ajita kezakambali, (5) aura pakur3a kAtyAyana evaM (6) zAkyaputra gautamabuddha pramukha mata pravartaka the / yadyapi inake siddhAnta prAyaH lacara the, parantu usa krAMtimaya kAla meM jo bhI vyakti brAjhaNavAda ke viruddha khar3A hotA thA, loga usI ko apanA lete the| pUrNa kAzyapa eka digambara sAdhu thaa| digambara vaha isa lie rahatA thA ki nagna bheSa meM usakI mAnyatAadhika hogii| usakA mata thA ki "manuSya jo kArya svayaM karatA hai athavA dUsare se karavAtA hai, vaha usakI AtmA nahIM karatI hai aura na karavAtI hai| (evam akArya appA)"2 vaha akriyAvAdI thaa| sambhavataH kAzyapa ne bha0 pArzvanAtha dvArA pratipAdita nizcaya dharma kA avalambana liyaa| usane vyavahAra ko uThAkara tAka meM rakha diyA! nizcaya naya kI apekSA AtmA na katto hai, na bhoktA hai, vaha zuddha vuddha hai / parantu saMsAra meM vaha zarIra bandhana meM hai| isa lie nizcaya ekAnta upAdeya nahIM hai| maDali gozAla bhI pUNe kAzyapa kI taraha digambara bheSa meM rahatA thaa| zrI devasenAcArya ne likhA hai ki pUrNa aura 1. ITiyana aiTIkepI, bhA0 / pR0 162 2. sUtrakRtA / / 13 va higlI, pa0 31

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maskari, dono hI zrI pArzvanAtha jI kI ziSya paramparA ke muni the, jo bhRSTa ho gaye the| zvetAmbarIya zAstroM me savali putra gozAla ko svaya bha0 sahAvIra kA ziSya unakI chadmastha avasthA kA batalAyA hai|2 usa sAdhanA kAla me tIrthaGkara bhagavAn mauna se rahe the / 3 vaha gozAla ko ziSyatva kaise dete, java ki ve svayaM gurupada ko prApta nahIM huye the| kintu isame zaka nahIM ki pUrNa kAzyapa aura maskari gozAla prAcIna jaina dharma bha0 mahAvIra se pahale ke jaina dharma se sambandhita avazya the| 4 ina donoM matapravartako kA Apasa me gahana sambandha thA aura gozAla ne jainiyoM ke 'pUrvagata' granthoM ke AdhAra se apane mata ke siddhAntoM ko niyata kiyA thaa| jaba ma0 mahAvIra sarvatra tIrthaDvara ho gaye aura unake gaNadhara navadIkSita brAhmaNa indabhUti gautama hue, taba gozAla yaha sahana na kara 5 "masayari-pUraNa risiNo uppaNo pAsaNAha tityammi / siri vIra samavasaraNe agahiyamaNiNa niyatteNa // 76 // xx aNNANAmro mokkhaM evaM loyANa payaDhamANo hu / davo agasthi koI surANa jhAeha icchAe // 17 // " bhAvasagraha 2. bhagavatI sUtra 15. 3. svayaM zvetAmbarIya mAnyatA hai ki chadmasya dazA meM tIrthakara mauna se rahate hai-Tapadeza nahIM dete / dekho yAcArAGga sUtra ( SBE ) pRSTha 80-871 4. hamArA "sakSipta jaina itihAsa" bhAga 2 khaMTa 150 62-72 dekho|

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ske| vaha purAne digambara muni the| jainiyoM ke purAtana gyAraha aGga aura kucha pUrvagata zAstro ko jAnate the phira bhI unheM gaNadhara kA pada nahIM milA | vaha ruSTa hue zrAvastI Aye aura apane ko tIrthara vatalA kara logoM ko upadeza dene lage ki "jJAna se mokSa nahIM hotaa| jJAnI aura ajJAnI sasAra me niyata kAla taka paribhramaNa karate hue samAna rIti se dukha kA anta karate hai| deva yA Izvara koI hai hI nhiiN| isaliye svecchA pUrvaka zUnya kA dhyAna karanA caahie|" 1 logoM ne gozAla kI yaha naI bAta dhyAna se sunI aura usake anuyAyI bhI ho gaye, kintu tIrthakara mahAvIra rUpI jJAna sUryodaya hote hI, vaha hataprabha ho gyaa| gozAla ko apanI karanI para pazcAtApa huA aura vaha buddhi bhRSTa hokara mRtyu ko prApta huaa| usake AjIvaka mata kI gaNanA ajJAnamata me kI gaI hai|2 saMjaya vairasthiputra prasiddha bauddha guru moggalAna (maudgalAyana) aura sAriputta kA gurU thaa|3 moggalAna aura sAriputta uparAnta bauddhadharma me dIkSita huye the| modgalana athavA maudgalAyana ke viSaya me zrI amitagati AcArya ne likhA hai ki __ "zrI pArzvanAtha kI ziSya paramparA meM mauDilAyana nAmakA tapasvI thaa| usane vIranAtha se ruSTa hokara buddha darzana ko pragati dI aura zuddhodana ke putra buddha ko paramAtmA kahA / " ata maudgalAyana 1. 'darzanasAra'-gommaTasAra jIvakAra'-va higjI0 pR0 36 dekho 2. saMjeI0, bhA0 2 khaDa / pR072 3. mahAvagga 1123 24 4. dharma parIkSA zlo0 6/7

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( 44 ) prAcIna digambara muni the -unake guru saMjaya bhI digambara muni pratIta hote haiM / jaina zAstroM meM saMjaya nAmaka suni ko ullekha milatA hai, jinheM jinamArga meM zaGkAyeM thIM / 1 saMjaya kI zikSA lainoM ke syAdvAda siddhAnta kA vikRta-sA rUpa dikhatI hai| saMbhava hai, vaha svayaM jaina muni rahA ho aura syAdvAda siddhAnta kA pratipAdana apanI zailI se karatA rahA ho ! uparAnta bha0 mahAvIra ke darzana se usakI zaGkA hala ho gaI taba vaha unakI zaraNa meM zrAyA ho / anyatra kahIM usakA patA nahIM calatA / cauthe mata pravartaka ajita kezakambali vaidika kriyAkANDa ke kaTTara virodhI the / vaha punarjanma siddhAnta ko nahIM mAnate the / jIva aura zarIra ko eka batalAte the / ( 'vaM jIvotaM zarIram )2 prANi hiMsA karanA unake nikaTa koI duSkarsa na thA / 3 cArvAkamata kI sRSTi ajita ke matAnukUla huI ho to Azcarya hI kyA ? saMbhava hai, ajita ne bha0 pArzvanAtha ke vyavahAra dharma ko ThIka nahIM samajhA aura vaha pathabhraSTa huA ! pakaDakAtyAyana pAMcaveM mata pravartaka the| unakA mata thA ki 'asat kA sadbhAva saMbhava nahIM haiM aura sat kA nAza azakya hai / ' (satto nacci vinaso, asato naci saMbhavo) sAva zAzvata tatva haiM / (1) pRthvI, (2) jala, (3) agni, (4) vAyu, 1. bhamapu0, pR0 22-23 dekho / 2. hisTaoNka gloniMgsa, pR0 31 i. caina sUtra (SBE ) mA0 2 bhUmikA pU0 23 1. pUrva prabhAga, pRSTha ra

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( 45 ) (5) sukha, (6) dukha, (7) aura AtmA / ina sAtoM ke sammelana aura vichoha se jIvana vyavahAra hai / sammilana sukha se aura vichoha dukha se hotA hai| isa lie kisI vyakti ko kisI anya se koI hAni nahIM pahu~ca sakatI ! vaha zIta jala meM jIva mAnatA thA / isa prakAra yaha zramaNa loga bha0 pArzvanAtha ke matAnukUla calI AI huI prAcIna jaina zramaNa paramparA se prabhAvita hue apane manonukUla siddhAntoM kA pracAra kara rahe the / bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke upadeza se eka krAnti upasthita huI thI, jisake prabhAva se yaha matapravartaka apane ko achUtA nahIM rakha sake the / eka hI mata meM hiMsaka aura ahiMsaka anuyAyI milate the / AjIvikoM meM aise do pakSa maujUda the 1 / pUrNa kazyapa jIva hiMsA meM puNya-pApa nahIM mAnatA thA / pakur3a kA bhI yahI hAla thA / ajita yadyapi yajJa- yAjJa vaidika kriyAoM kA virodhI thA, parantu hiMsA ko ucita mAnatA thA / ina logoM kA naitika bala itanA zaktizAlI nahIM thA ki janatA ko mAMsa-madirA kI lipsA se bacA letA / ma0 gautama buddha bhI sarvathA mAMsa bhojana kA niSedha nahIM kara sake the ! aise tApasa bhI maujUda the; jo varSa bhara ke liye eka hAthI ko mAra kara rakha lete the2 | jainadharma 1 'boma isa jAtaka' meM bhAjIvikoM kA bhojana machalI-gomayAdi likhA hai ( maddA vikaTa bhojato ahosi macchugomayAdIni paribhUmi ) parantu 'mahAsIddanAda suta' meM unako vanaspati bhojI likhA haiM / 2-sUtra kRtAGga 222152 ( SBE ) nA0 pR0418 |

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( 46 ) kI ahiMsA kA kSINa prabhAva unheM niyamita jIvo kI hiMsA karane kI sImita pApa-maryAdA meM le AyA thA, parantu indriyalipsA para vijaya pAnA sugama nahIM hai| dUsarI ora brAhmaNa-paramparA vaidika mAnyatAoM kI rakSA ke liye udyogazIla thii| uname bhI do dhArAyeM cala rahI thiiN| 'praznopaniSada' ke aviSTAtA pippalAda, 'muNDakopaniSada' ke racayitA bhAradvAja, 'kaThopanipaTa' ke pracAraka naciketas prabhati RSiyoM ne vaidika kriyAkAMDa me yadyapi aisA sudhAra kiyA thA jo bAnayantra, ahiMsA aura saiddhAntika praur3hatA kA poSaka thA, parantu purAtana brAhmaNa-paramparA hiMsA-pUrNa yajJa-yAja Adi karane meM ho magna thI ! varNAzrama dharma kA manamAnA artha karake brAhmaNa brAhmaNetara varNoM para ghora atyAcAra kara rahe the| zUdra aura striyA~ to manuSya hI nahIM samajhe jAte the| jaina evaM bauddha grantho me aise kaI prasaMga milate haiM, jiname jAtyAbhimAna ke ghAtaka pariNAma citrita haiM / "cittasabhUta jAtaka" se spaSTa hai ki cAMDAlo ko rAstA nikalanA bhI duzvAra thA / eka daphA brAhmaNa aura vaizya striyoM ko do cADAla rAstA jAte mile / striyoM ne ise apazakuna mAnA-apanI AMkhoM ko jala se dhokara zuddha kiyA aura una cAMDAloM ko khUba piTavA kara unako durgati ko| jaina granthoM meM abhayakumAra ke pUrvabhava varNana meM jAti mada kI bhayaMkaratA aura sAtha hI nissAratA citrita kI gaI hai| zUdroM 1. imArA "bhagadhAna pArzvanAya" pRe 288-302 / 2. hamArA 'bhagavAn pArvanAya' pRSTha 65-72

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( 47 ) ko veda maMtra sunane kA adhikAra nahIM thA - striyAM veda pATha nahIM kara sakatIM thIM / vaha mAtra bhoga-vilAsa kI vastu samajha jAtIM thIM / AjIvika sAdhu vyabhicAra karanA varA nahIM samajhate the' aura brAhmaNa RSigaNa apanI vAsanA pUrti ke liye kaI patniyA rakhate the2 | aise vAsanAmaya kAla aura kSetra se bhalA ahiMsA aura zIla dharma kI pUcha kahAM ho sakatI thI ? pazu yajJa kI parAkASThA vAsanA tRpti kA sAdhana banA huA thA / nirdoSa, dIna, asahAya pazuoM ke rakta se yajJa kI vedI lAla 2 ho rahI thI / pazu kI bali dekara yaha loga samajhate the ki devatA prasanna ho gaye hai aura ve yajamAna kI manokAmanA pUrNa karege; parantu aisA hotA kahIM nahIM thA / hA, purohita samudAya ko dAna dakSiNA isame khUba milatI thI / isa bhayAnaka hiMsA pravRtti ne usa samaya sajjanoM ke diloM ko dahalA diyA thA / Akhira bha0 mahAvIra ne una mUka, niraparAdha pazuoM ke dukha pAzoM ko kATa kara unako jIvana dAna diyA thA / yajJoM se hiMsA ke vidA hone kA zreya unhIM ko prApta hai ! 3 karor3oM 1. vAruzrA, AjIniksa, bhA0 1 2. suttanipAta - te viSna sutta 3. lokamAnya sva0 bAlagaMgAdhara tilaka ne yaha bAta nimnalikhita zabdoM meM svIkArI thI:-- "ahiMsA paramo dharmaH - isa udAra siddhAnta ne brAhmaNa dharma para cirasmarNIya chApa mArI hai / pUrvakAla meM yajJa ke lie zrasaMkhya pazu hiMsA hotI thI; isake pramANa meghadUta kAvya Adi aneka granthoM se ,

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{ 46 ) niraparAdha pazu jIvo ko abhayadAna dekara unhoMne nirbhaya banAyA aura loka kA mahatI upakAra kiyA ! nissandeha taba caidika kriyAkAMDa ke bahu pracAra ne dharmatatva kI zrAtmA ko zuSka vanA diyA thaa| dharma- haMsa ur3a gayA thA, pAkhaMDa kalevara ko ThaTharI raha gaI thii| usa bhayaMkara ThaTharI ko chAtI se cipaTAye rahane kA ajJAna-moha mAnava samAja ko behada satA rahA thaa| DhauMga aura pAkhaMDa chAyA huA thA / anAtmavAda aura karmakANDa kA sArvabhaumika rAjya thaa| mAnava vAhya ADambara ke jAla meM phaMse huye machalI kI taraha tar3aphar3A rahe the / bacanA cAhate the usakI vedanA se, parantu ajJAna adhakAra meM mArga nahIM sUjhatA thA / unakI antarAtmA prakAza ke lie cillA rahI thI / yajJoM meM hotI pazu hiMsA ne adhikAMza mAnavoM ke hRdaya nirdayI aura kaThora banA diye the / unake hRdaya se jIvana ke mahatva aura pratiSThA kA bhAva uTha-sA gayA thA / zravyAtmika jIvana ke gaurava ko bhUla gaye the / jar3a padArthoM kI mahimA unake diloM meM samA gaI thI / adhyAtma-utkarSa meM unakI ruci nahIM bI, vAhya bAtoM meM hI ve jIvana kI zreSThatA mAnate the / artha sampanna yuvaka aura yuvatiyA vAsanAmaya Amoda-pramoda hI meM jIvana-uddezya kI itizrI mAna baiThe the / lUTa-mAra aura ApasI lar3AI-jhagar3a e bar3he hue the| aise logoM ko jhUThA vizvAsa karA diyA gayA thA ki yajJa karane se bure karmoM kA phala naSTa ho jAtA milate hai / parantu isa ghora hiMsA kA brAhmaNadharma se vidAI se Ane kA zreya jainadharma ke hI hisse meM hai / " *

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( 46 hai| phira bhalA ce pApa se kyoM Darate ? aura kyoM pApa se kaluSita AtmA kI kAlimA ko naSTa karane ke lie pazcAtApa, AlocanA aura prAyazcita kI pracaNDa agni uddIpita karate ? vaha to sAnate the ki kevala yajJa ke mAMsa-durgandhAbhisikta dhUma se hI AtmA ujjvala ho jaaygii| kintu phaja isase nitAnta viparIta hotA thaa| usa para yajJa hara koI nahIM kara pAtA thaa| dhanavAna puruSa hI yajJa karake yaza pAtA thaa| bicAra garIva IrSyAgni me jhalasate the| rArja yaha ki vicAra pravAha vaidika kasaikADa ke viruddha baha rahA thA-loga AtmazAnti pAne ke lie naye-naye upAya TaTola rahe the! kucha loga haThayoga kI sAdhanA meM AtmazAnti ke svapna dekhane lge| bha0 pArzvanAtha ke nAnA rAjA mahIpAla isa haThayoga ke upAsaka the / ulTe sira laTaka kara--paMcAgni tapa karaaura anya prakAra se kAyakleza karake yaha loga haThayoga sAdhate the| unheM zurU se hI yaha lAlasA hotI thI ki unheM RddhiyAMsiddhiyAM prApta hoMgI-unakA jIvana casatkAra pUrNa hogA aura unakI AtmA zarIra vandhana se mukta ho jaaygii| kintu logoM ko haThayoga me bhI zAnti nahIM milii| ataeva ve loga asaMtuSTa huye manamAne mantavyoM ko mAnakara manastuSTi karane me salagna the| ye loga pracalita mata-matAntaroM ke viruddha logoM ke hRdayoM me cinagAriyAM lagA rahe the / 1 naye vicAra aura naye 1. zrI ramezacandra datta ne bhI likhA hai ki brAhmaNa nAda ke satyAghAra ne eka krAnti upasthita kI thii| "The oppression of Brahmanism made the people sigh for a revolution and the work of the philosophers opened tho path

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(50) siddhAnta janatA ke sAmane A rahe the / janatA eka mArgadarzaka kI pratIkSA kara rahI thI / pratIkSA viphala na gaI / bhagavAna sahAvIra kA zubhAgamana huA 1 usa krAnti kAla me yahA kI rAjanIti bhI achUtI na rhii| mahAbhArata yuddha ke uparAnta bhAratIya rAjanIti chinna-bhinna ho rahI thI / yahA rASTrIya ekIkaraNa aura saMgaThana kA abhAva thA / saba apanA apanA rAga aura apanI apanI DhapalI bajA rahe the / kintu bha0 pArzvanAtha ke nikaTavartI kAla meM, kahate haiM ki samrAT brahmadatta ne bhArata meM eka sArvabhauma sattA sthApita karane kA udyoga kiyA thA - isI kAraNa vaha antima cakravartI samrAT kahA gayA hai, parantu apane uddezya me vaha saphala huA nahIM pratIta hotA hai / usakA adhArmika jIvana sabhavataH usameM bAdhaka rahA / sArAzata. yahA usa samaya eka nahIM aneka rAjA the, aura saca apane 2 rAjya meM pUrNa svAdhIna the / alacattA yahA~ kI janatA apane nAgarika svatvoM ke saMrakSaNa meM sajaga thI / kadAcita rAjA anyAyI aura atyAcArI hotA to use padacyuta bhI kiyA jAtA thA / yadi kabhI eka naye rAjA ko cunane kI AvazyakatA hotI to pramukha nAgarikoM kI sammatipUrvaka maMtrimaMDala yogya vyakti ko rAjapada pradAna karatA thA / par3ausa ke AtatAyI rAjAoM ke AkramaNoM se apane ko surakSita rakhane ke lie kinhIM kSatriya kuloM ne prajAsattAtmaka DhaMga ke rAjasaMgha sthApita kiye the / yaha 'gaNarAjya' kahalAte the / kSatriya kuloM ke cune huye pratinidhi unameM sammilita hote the aura janatA

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kA saccA hita sAdhate the| unake saMgha ko rAjatva prAta hotA thaa| ina gaNarAjyo meM nimnalikhita vizeSa ullekhanIya the: (1) licchavi athavA vajjiya gaNarAjya-isa rAja saMgha me ATha kSatriya kuloM ke pratinidhi sammilita the, jo 'rAjA' kahalAte the| ve ATha kSatriyakula (1) vRji, (2) licchavi, (3) jJAtrika, (4) videhI, (5) ugra, (6) bhoga, (7) ikSvAku, aura (6) kaurava nAmaka the| iname licchavi kSatriya pramukha the| unakI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI usa samaya kA eka pradhAna nagara thA / usake devamaMdira aura rAjamahala anUThI kArIgarI ke bane hue the| licchavi kSatriya parizramo, dhIra-vIra, samRddhizAlI aura zikSA sampanna hone ke sAtha hI dhArmika ruci aura bhAva ko rakhane vAle the| ve bar3e svAtatryapriya aura svAbhimAnI the| kisI kI AdhInatA svIkAra karanA unake lie sugasa nahIM thaa| usa samaya ke kSatriyoM meM unakI vizeSa pratiSThA aura mAnyatA thii| prAcIna kAla se ve jaina dharma ke upAsaka the| uname rAjA ceTaka pramukha the| saMbhavata ve hI usa samaya vajjiya rAjasaMgha ke pradhAna rAjA the| jainazAstroM meM unheM ikSvAkuvaMzI vaziSTa gotrI kSatriya likhA hai / 'uttara purANa' (pR0 646) me inheM somavaMzI likhA hai, jo ikSvAkvaMza kA eka bheda hai| ceTaka kI rAnI kA nAma bhadrA athavA subhadrA thaa| vaha eka pativratA ramaNI thii| donoM hI pati-patnI jinendra bhagavAna ke ananya bhakta the| unakI santAna bhI unhIM ke anurUpa arhantabhakti--parAyaNa thii| ceTaka mvaya parAkramI, vIra yoddhA the| unake putra bhI vaise hI the| siMha

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( 52 ) athavA siMhabhadra nAmaka unake putra vajjiya rAjasagha kI senA ke senApati the| unake nau bhAI (1) dhana (2) dantabhadra (3) upendra, (4) sudatta, (5) sukuMbhoja, (6) akaMpana (7) supataMga, (8) prabhaMjana aura (6) prabhAsa nAmaka the / siMhabhadra kI sAta vahane thIM; jinameM sabase bar3I trizalA priyakAriNo bhagavAn sahAvIra kI mAtA thiiN| avazeSa mRgAvatI, suprabhA prabhAvatI, celanI, jyeSTA aura caMdanA nAmaka thIM / mRgAvatI kauzAmbI ke rAjA zatAnIka ko vyAhI thIM / vatsarAja udayan unhIM ke putra the| suprabhA kA vivAha dazArNa deza ke rAjA dazaraya ke sAtha huA thaa| prabhAvatI rAjakumArI siMdha-sauvIra athavA kacchadeza ke rAjA udayana ke rAjamahaloM kI rAjarAnI thiiN| celanI magadha ke samrATa zreNika kI paTarAnI huI thiiN| jyeSThA aura cadanA Ajanma brahmacAriNI rahI thiiN| licchavi kSatriyoM kI sadhi nau mallaki aura aThAraha kAzI kauzala ke gaNa rAjAoM se huI thii| unakI zakti saMgaThita aura vala atula thaa| magadha samrATa ne kaI daphA unapara zrAkramaNa kiyA, parantu vaha saphala manoratha nahIM hue| [2] zAkya gaNarAjya meM ma. gautamabuddha kA janma huA thaa| kapilavastu usakI rAjadhAnI thii| zuddhodana usake pramukha rAjA the| (3) malla gaNagajya-meM mallavaMzIya kSatriyoM kA bAhulya thaa| usameM nau kSatriya rAjA milakara rAja prabandha karate the|

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( 53 } usake do bhAga the / eka bhAga kI rAjadhAnI kuzInArA thI, jisase sa0 buddha kA vizeSa samparka thA / dUsare bhAga kI rAjavAnI pAvA thI / vahA~ ke pramukha rAjA hastipAla the / bha0 sahAvIra ne yahIM se mokSapar3ha pAyA thA / (4) kAlpi - gaNarAjya kI rAjadhAnI rAmama thI / usa me kolyi kSatriyoM kI pradhAnatA thI / inake atirikta bhagga, morIya, buli Adi gaNarAjya bhI the / inake mukAvile meM dUsarI ora ekAdhipatitva ke adhikArI rAjA loga the / unameM nimnalikhita ullekhanIya the: (1) magadha -- ke samrATa zreNika vimbasAra the / unakI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha thI / vartamAna ke vihAra prAnta kA adhikAMza bhAga usame sammilita thA / magadha hI uparAnta bhArata kA zAsanakendra banA thA / (2) uttarIya kauzala kA rAjya magadha se uttara pazcima kI ora thA, jisakI rAjadhAnI zrAvastI thI / (3) kauzala se dakSiNa kI ora vatsa rAjya thA / usakI rAjadhAnI kauzAmbI yamunA kinAre thI / yahA~ ke rAjA udayana prasiddha the / 1 (4) vatsadeza se dakSiNa-pazcima kI ora avantI kA rAjya thA / ujjayanI usakI rAjadhAnI thI / yahA~ ke candrapradyota rAjA vikhyAta the / (5) kaliGga - rAjya vartamAna kA or3IsA prAnta hai / yahA~ ke rAjA jitazatru bha0 mahAvIra ke phUphA the / -

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( 54 ) (6) aGga -- kI rAjadhAnI campA thI / vaha Adhunika bhAgalapura jilA ke anurUpa thA / yahA~ pahale dadhivAhana rAjA kA rAjya thA / uparAnta magadhAdhipa kuNika yahA~ ke rAjA huye the / 1 isa prakAra ina saba hI rAjyoM kI saMkhyA solaha thI / inameM pArasparika sparddhA thI aura pratyeka apane svArtha ke liye dUsare se morcA lene ke liye hara samaya taiyAra rahatA thA / bhayaMkara yuddhoM meM vyartha hI narasaMhAra hotA thA / rASTrIya bhAvanAoM ke liye kahIM koI sthAna nahIM thA / kintu bha0 mahAvIra ke ahiMsA aura vItarAgatA ke sandeza ne rAjatva kI kAyA palaTa dI / bha0 mahAvIra ke ananya bhakta magadha samrAT zreNika vimbasAra ne rASTrIya ekIkaraNa kA mahatva samajhA aura vaha magadha sAmrAjya ko puSTa karake usa dizA meM agrazIla huye / unakA ropA huA rASTrIya ekIkaraNa kA vizvA nanda rAjAoM dvArA sIMcA jAkara maurya samrAToM dvArA khUba hI pallavita aura vikasita kiyA gayA / isa prakAra thI usa samaya bhArata kI caturmukhI paristhiti jisa samaya bha0 mahAvIra kA zubhAgamana huA thA /

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jJAtRka-kSatriya aura kuNDagrAma "zobhai dakSiNa diza guNamAla, mahAvideha dezarasAla / tAke madhya nAbhivat jAna, kuNDalapura nagarI sukha khAna // " ___ jAtaka athavA jJAta kSatriyoM kA nAma bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kAraNa asara hai| yahI vaha mahatvazAlI kSatriya rAjavaMza thA, jisane bhArata ko hI nahIM duniyA ko eka mahAn sudhAraka aura advitIya vicAraka mahApuruSa bheTa kiyaa| kinhIM digambara jaina zAstroM meM jAtaka kSatriyoM ko harivaMza se samadbhUta likhA hai / vaha apabhraMza prAkRta bhASA me 'nAthavaMza' ke nAma se ullekhita huA haira aura zvetAmbarIya AgamagranthoM me usakA prAkRtarUpa 'NAya' aura 'NAta' milatA hai3 / bauddhagranthoM me bha0 mahAvIra ke pitakula kI apekSA hI unhe 'nigaMTha nAtaputta' (nirgantha jJAta putra) kahA gayA hai / 4 manu ne malla, malla, licchavi, khasa, dravir3a Adi kSatriyoM ke sAtha nATa athavA nAta ( jJAta) kSatriyoM ko brAtya likhA hai| 4 vaha ThIka hai, kyoMki jAta kSatriya prAcIna 1. bRhada jaina zabdArNava, bhA0 1 pR0 7 2. SaT khaMDAgama sUtra-dhavalATIkA ( kAranA) bhA0 pR0 112, tiloya-paraNati, dhanaMjayanAmamAlA zloka 116 3. majhimanikAya, dIghanikAya, 4 manu0 10 // 22

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jainadharma ke upAsaka the| 'vAtya zabda jainiyoM kA hI dyotaka anunAna kiyA gayA hai| ninmandeha nAtaka jatriya apane samaya ke vizeSa sammAnanIya aura pratiSTita rAmkuna ke ratna the| jaina grantho meM nAya vaMza kI gaNanA prArabhika nala rAjavaMzo meM kI gaI hai| ___ una mAtRka kSatriyoM kA nivAsanyAna mukhyata vaizAlI, kuelAna, vaNiyagAsa aura kolaga nAmaka sthAnoM meM thA 3 vaizAlI usa samaya kA mahAn nagara thaa|4 cInI yAtrI hya ntsAga ne use kaI mIloM kI paridhimeM phailA huA pAyA thaa| unake bAgabagIcoM, tAlAboM. caityoM aura rAjaprAsAdoM kA varNana bhI usane khUba likhAthA 5 Ajakala mujaphpharapura jile kA pattAi nApatra grAma prAcIna vaizAlI hai ! vaizAlo ke hI pAsa kuNDagrAsa aura vaNivatrAna the| yadi unheM vaizAlI kA hI bhAga hA jAya to atyukti nahIM hai| yahI zAraNa hai ki yadyapi bha nahAvIra kueDajAsa meM janme the, parantu / hamAre 'bhagavAna pArzvanAya kI prastAvanA (pR. 32 se) dekho| 2. pavAgamasUtra-valTIkA, mA0 6 pRSTa 612 "cAramano cAha-vaMso du|" 3. hAnale sA0, 'ubAmagadamAtro', pR0 2 puranoTa 3 1. sammatrI kenma ina enziyaH iDhiyA, pRSTa 40 va 21 1. jhuenatsAna kA bhArata bhramaNa, pRSTa 362-365 6 kandhina, ainTi jogAThI mAla iNDiyA, pR. 500 va 717

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( 57 ) vaha 'zAliya' nAsa se ullakhita huye hai| zvetAmbarIya 'kalpasUtra' se pragaTa hai ki vaizAlI ke nikaTa hI vANiyagAsa thAra / jaba bha0 mahAvIra ekadaphA vaizAlI se vihAra karake vaNiyagAma gaye, to vIca meM gaMDaka nadI ko pAra karake vaha jhaTa se vahAM pahuMca gye| kuNDagAma usI ke pAsa thA / Ajakala vaha 'vasukuDa' nAma se prasiddha hai|4 isI kuNDagAma ke nikaTa kollaga-sanniveza thaa| yaha sthAna jJAta-kSatriyoM kA mukhya kendra thaa| Ajakala ke katipaya vidvAn kollaga ko hI bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma nagara anumAna karate hai| kintu yaha anumAna digambara aura zvetAmbara-donoM hI jaina sampradAyoM kI mAnyatA ke viruddha hai| jaina mAnyatA spaSTa kahatI hai ki bha0 mahAvIra kA janma sthAna kuNDagrAma hai| usI kA apara nAma kuNDalapura bhI hai / kintu vaizAlI, kuraDagAma, kollaga Adi sthAna pAsa-pAsa the| isaliye yaha nitAnta prAkRta aura svAbhAvika hai ki bha0 mahAvIra ke bAla jIvana aura kaumAra , 'arahA nAyaputte bhagavaM sAlie viyAhie tti vemi'-- sUtra katAra 23 zravaNa velagola zilAlekha naM. 1 se bhI bhagavAna kA sambandha vaizAlI (vizAlA) se pragaTa hotA hai; yathA:-"tadanu zrI vizAlayam ( lAyAm ) jayaspadma jagaddhitam tasya zAsanamacyA pravAdi matazAsanam / " 2. 'vesAliMNayariM vANiyagAmaM ca NIsAe duvAlasa aMtarAvA vAsAvAsa uvAgae / ' ... kalpasUtra 3. 'tataH pratasthe bhagavAna grAma vANitakaM prati / mArge gaeDakikA mAma nadI nAvottatAra ca ||136 // 10 // -niSaSThazalAkA 4. kaimmina hisTrI oNpha iNDiyA, pR0 150

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( 58 ) krIr3Ao, kA lIlAkSetra yaha sava hI sthAna rahe / uname hI vicara kara bhagavAna ne kausAra jIvana vitAyA thaa| nissandeha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi videha aura janma nagara kuNDagrAma athavA kuNDalapura puNya kSetra the / unakA mahatI rUpa aura apUrva saubhAgya anya kSetroM ke lie IyA kI vastu rahA hai / kuNDagrAsa devendra kI amarAvatI se bAteM karatA thA / devendra ne tIrthaGkara mahAprabha kA patitapAvana janma vahA hotA jAnakara usakI adbhuta zobhA aura racanA racI thii| kuNDalapura ananta anAvRta nIlAkAza ke sanorama svarUpa kI varAvarI karatA thA-vaha bhI AkAza kI taraha sava hI taraha kI vastuoM se bharapUra aura amara thaa| AkAza kI zobhA sUrya-candra-kalAvara aura vudha-nakSatra jahA eka ora baDhAte haiM, vahA~ kuNDagrAma ko zobhanIka vanAne vAle bhAsvAn tejasvI klAdhara-kalAkAra aura budha-vidvAn usa nagara meM maujUda the| AkAza vRSa-nakSatra yukta hai, to nagara bhI dharma se parNa thA, AkAza tArAgaNoM kI milamila jyoti se suhAtA hai, to kuNDagrAma bhI sone-cAdI aura ratno kI mohaka prabhA se damadamAtA yaa| usake parakoTa ke kinAroM para aruNa-maNiyA aura haritapannA jar3e huye the, jinakI prabhA jala se pUrNa khAI ko dina me 1 jinendra kI janmabhUmi, dIkSAbhUmi, kevala jJAna bhUmi zrIra nirvANa bhUmi pUjya sthAna hai unakI pUjA karanA 'kSetra pUjA' kahalAtA hai - 'jiNa jagamaNirakhavaNa-NAguppattimorukha sapatti / gimihIsu kheta pUjA, punvavihANeNa kAyavA ||442 // -~yasunadi zrAvakAcAra pa0 78

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( 56 ) hI saMdhyAkAlIna zrI zobhA se yakta vanA rahI thii| usake sundara aura uttaMga rAjamahala AkAza se bAte karate the| bha0 mahAvIra ke pitRgaha kA varNana yahI batAtA hai| usake viSaya me zrI guNabhadrAcArya jI ne jo udgAra pragaTa kiye hai, vaha hindI padya me isa prakAra haiM --2 "saptakhano prAsAda uttaGga, zveta kanakamaya tasu asu aGga / Upara maMdira zobhai sAra, nAma 'sunaMdAvata' vicAra // " rAjamahala nayanAbhirAma aura vilAsapUrNa to thA hI, kintu usake zIrSabhAga me jinendra kA caityAlaya isa bAta kA pramANa thA ki vahA ke nivAsI aura khAsakara bha0 mahAvIra ke pitagaNa dharmatatva ko bhale na the| ve dharma ko hI Age rakhakara artha aura kAma puruSArthoM kI siddhi karate the| isa nagara me jJAta kSatriya prabha-zakti-yakta the| ve mahAn aura lokamAnya the / ve prAyaH sava hI teIsaveM tIrthaGkara bha0 pArzvanAtha ke dharma-zAsana ke upAsaka the| uparAnta jaba bha0 1 kavi zrAzagakRta, 'mahAvIra caritra' pa0 236-240 2. kavi khuzAla canda kRta 'uttara purANa' kA hindI padyAnuvAda dekho| bauddhagrantha 'mahAvagga' meM likhA hai ki eka bAra buddha koTigAma meM Thahare the, jahA nAtha vaMza ke loga rahate the / buddha jisa bhavana meM Thahare the usakA nAma jinjakAvasatha' (Nathik-Brick-Hall) thaa| bahAM se vaha vaizAlI gaye / ' sara ramezacandra datta isa para apane 'prAcIna bhAratavarSa kI sapatA ke itihAsa' meM likhate haiM ki "yaha koTigAma vahI hai jo ki jainiyoM kA kuNDagrAma hai aura bauddha graMthoM meM jina nAta kSatriyoM kA varNana hai, ve jJAtika kSatriya haiN|" bhAlakala jainI rAjagRha ke pAsa prAcIna nAlandA ke eka bhAga ko galatI se kueDala pura mAnate haiM /

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( 60 ) mahAvIra jI kA dharma saMgha sthApita huA, taba ve unake bhakta ho gaye the| / jaina dharma bhakta hone ke kAraNa ve dharmAtmA aura dayAvAna vIra nara the / ve pApa karmoM se dUra rahate the aura pApa se bhayabhIta the / yadyapi ve hiMsAjanya duSkarma nahIM karate the - mAMsa madirA ke tyAgI the aura kisI bhI prANI ko kaSTa nahIM dete the. parantu apane rASTra aura dharma kI rakSA ke liye hara samaya taiyAra rahate the / jJAtu catriya vajjiya gaNarAjya meM sammilita the / jaba magadha samrAT ne unakI svAdhInatA apaharaNa karanI cAhI to ve anya kSatriyoM ke sAtha kaMdhA bhir3A kara bahAdurI se lar3e the / khUba 1 unake dharmaparAyaNa jIvana ne unakI aihika dazA bhI samRddhizAlI banA dI thI / ve sukhI the aura bhare pUre the / unakA deza Ananda bhoga meM nimagna thaa| Asa pAsa ke pratiSTita rAjakuloM se unakA sambandha thA / nissandeha jJAtu - catriya Adarza zrAvaka the / unake hI samunnata kSatriya kula me bhe0 mahAvIra kA kalyANakArI janma huA thA / 1. hamArA 'saM0 jaina itihAsa, nA0 2 pa 6 pR0 85 2. hamArA "sa0 jaina itihAma" bhA0 2 khaMDa 1 pR0 16-18

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bhagavAna kA zubhAgamana "dizaH prasedurmaruto vaH sukhAH ___pradakSiNArhiviragnirAdade / vava sarva zubhazaMsi tatkSaNaM bhavo hi lokAbhyudayAya tAzAs // " 'dizAye nirmala ho gaI / sundara vAyu bahane lgaa| agni dakSiNAyaNa (dakSiNAgni) hokara havi (havana dravya) grahaNa karane lgii| usa samaya saba bAteM zubha kI sUcanA dene lgiiN| bAta yaha hai ki mahApuruSoM kA janma loka ke kalyANa aura abhyadaya ke liye huA karatA hai|' unako jItI-jAgatI mUrti jaMgama pratimA tatkAlIna loka kA upakAra karato hai, parantu uparAnta kAla ke manuSyoM ke liye bhI unakA anupama caritra utanA hI kalyANakArI hotA hai| mahApuruSa loka-netra hote hai / sUryodaya se jaise rajanI kA tama dUra hotA hai, vaise hI mahAparuSa ke jJAna prakAza se ajAnAMdhakAra kA paradA logoM ke netroM ke Age se haTa jAtA hai ! jIvana-sAphalya aura abhyudaya ke liye isase sarala aura sugama upAya ho hI kyA sakatA hai ? upadeza nahIM, Adarza udAharaNa hI kAryakArI hai / kathanI nahIM karanI ho AtmoddhAraka hai| isaliye hI kavi ThIka kahatA hai: "hase sahata puruSoM ke jIvana, ye hI vAta sikhAte haiN| jo karate hai satata parizrama, ve pavitra bana jAte haiN|" mahApuruSoM kA mAhAtmya hI yaha hai / usa para bha. mahAvIra eka tIrthakara the| jisa prakAra cakravartI samrAT zAsanacakra kA Adarza apane vyaktitva se mUrtimAna banAte haiM, nArAyaNa aura balabhadra rAjatva athavA rAjanIti kA Adarza thApate haiM aura

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( 62 ) kAmadeva saundarya aura bhoga zakti ke AgAra hote huye bhI zIladharma kI maryAdA upasthita karate haiM, usI prakAra eka tIrthaMkara dharma-cakra-pravartana karake dharma-tIrtha ko janma dete haiM / dharmatIrtha kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki rAjatva aura nIti evaM artha aura bhogausI ko Age rakhakara calane hai / jaise agnivAhana ( relagAr3I ) meM eMjina Age hotA hai aura usI se vaha cAlana zakti utpanna hotI hai, jo use nizcita sthAna para pahu~cA detI hai, ThIka vaise hI jIvanarUpI vAhana ko udezita sukhadhAma para pahu~cAne ke liye dharma-yaMtra Avazyaka hai| tIrthaMkara dharma-tatva kA nirUpaNa karate haiM, isaliye vaha mahApuruSoM me bhI mahAn haiM -- anupama ta sarvajJa - sarvadarzI tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA vizAla caritra bhalA kyoM na citta meM zAnti aura jJAna ko prakaTa karane kA kAraNa banegA ? 1 taba saMsAra ajJAna adhakAra me DUbA huA thA - vaha varma jJAna rUpI prakAza pAne ke liye tar3aphar3A rahA thA / aise samaya me jJAtrika kSatriya kula me dharma cakravartI kA janma honA kise na priya hotA ? usa vAla - sUrya kA abhyudaya pahale se hI sukhada lAlimA ko prakaTa kara rahA thaa| ThIka hI hai, 'honahAra biravAna ke hota cIkane pAta!' abhI bhagavAn kA janma nahIM huA thA, kintu unakA puNya-prabhAva pahale se hI pragaTa hone lagA / devendra ne dekhA ki puSpottara vimAna kA deva bhAratavarSa ke prasiddha nagara kuNDalapura me janma legA / unakA jJAna sAmAnya matijJAna na thA vaha avadhi jJAna ( Clairvoyance ) ke dhArI the / unhoMne jJAnanetra se bhaviSya dekha liyA / devendra ne kubera ko yajJAdI ki vaha kuNDalapura kI zobhA bar3hA de - use RddhisamRddhi yukta kara de | kubera ne paMdraha mahIne pahale se kuNDalapura

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jAkara ratnavRSTi kI / kuNDalapura kI janatA ke bhAgya khula gaye / kuNDagrAsa ke jJAtaka kSatriyoM ke pramukha usa samaya rAjA siddhArtha the / rAjA sarvArtha aura rAnI zrImatI ke vaha dharmAtmA putra the| unheM zreyAMsa aura yazAsa bhI kahate the| vaha kAzyapavaMza ke casakate huye ratna the| unakA vivAha vaizAlI ke prasiddha kSatriya-vaMza licchavi ke pradhAna rAjA ceTaka kI putrI trizalA priyakAriNI se huA thaa| trizalA rAnI videhadattA bhI kahalAtI thii| vaha vidupI mahilA-ratna thiiN| vaha mahAbhAga-prAcIdiza se bhI saubhAgyazAlinI thIM, kyoMki unakI kokha se jAna-prakAza kI mUrti-rUpa vAla-sUrya kA janma huA thA / 2 yogya mA~ hI yogya putra janatI hai| rAjA siddhArtha jJAta kSatriyoM ke pramukha netA the / isaliye hI vaha kSatriya siddhArtha kahe gaye haiN| vaha zastra-zAstra meM pAragAmI aura vidyArasika the / 'mahAvIra caritra' (pRSTha 242) me likhA hai ki "vidyAoM ke phala se samasta loka ko saMyojita karane vAle usa nirmala rAjA ko pAkara rAja vidyAye prakAzita hone 1. adhanA kucha loga devayoni ke astitva meM zaGkA karate haiM, parantu purAtana bhAratIya pArya maryAdA meM unakA astitva hamezA mAnA gayA hai / Rka saMhitA ( 10120122), zatapatha (2015) aura aitareya brAhmaNa ( 212) meM indra kA ullekha hai| bauddha zAstra bhI devayoni batAte haiN| (lAhAkRta hevena eNDa hela dekho) samrATa azoka ke rUpanAtha vAle lagha zilAlekha meM devatAmoM kA ullekha hai| (iMai0 san 1912 pR. 170) videzI dharma bhI jaise pArasI, yahUdI, IsAI aura islAma bhI devatAoM ko kisI na kisI rUpa meM mAnate haiN| bhAja kalna sara thArthara DAyala, DaoN. RSi Adi pretavidyA vizArada bhI devayoni kA astitva pramANita karate haiN| ataeva unake astitva .

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( 64 ) lagI thiiN|' unhoMne nAyakhaNDa-udyAna meM eka sundara mandira vanavAyA thaa| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki vahA~ para eka caityAlaya pahale se vidyamAna rahA ho| usa caityAlaya ke Asa-pAsa eka manorama udyAna bhI thaa| rAjA sidvArtha aura anya jJAta kSatriya vahA~ Akara dharma sevana kiyA karate the| sArAMzataH mahAvIra eka vaddhimAna, dharmana aura prabhAvazAlI rAjA ke putra the| jaba vaha rAnI trizalA ke garbha me the, taba hI se unakA prabhAva pragaTa hone lagA thaa| jaina zAstroM meM likhA hai ki usa samaya unakI sevA me indra kI AjJAnusAra 56 dikka pAriyA~ tallIna thii| ve rAjamAtA ke mana ko praphullita karane ke lie rasabharI kAvya aura jJAna goSThiyA~ kiyA karatI thiiN| mAtA trizalA unake praznoM kA jo uttara detI usako sunakara vaha cakita ho jAtI thiiN| una uttaroM se trizalAdevI kI vidvattA to TapakatI hI thI, parantu sAtha hI garbhastha vAlaka kI divyapratibhA me zaGkA karanA vyartha hai| pratyakSa aneka ghaTanAyeM aisI dekhane ko milatI haiM jinase adRSTa devayoni kA astitva mAnane ke lie bAdhya honA paDhatA hai| isa avasthA meM indra kI prajJA se kuNDalapura meM rAjA sidArtha ke mahala meM niyata samaya para ratnavRSTi honA svAbhAvika hai / mahApurapoM kA janma trANadAtA hotA hI hai / indra ne kRtajJatA jJApana ke lie aisA karake ThIka hI kiyA / (vizeSa ke lie hamArI pustaka 'zrI RSabhadeva kI utpatti asaMbhava nahIM hai ! dekho)2 saMje i0, bhA0 2 vaTa 1 pa0 42-46 1. zvetAmbarIya zAstroM jaise vipAkasUtra Adi meM isa udyAna kA nAma 'duipalAsa caitya udyAna' athavA 'nAyaSaeDavana udyAna' likhA hai aura isameM eka caitva (maMdira) hone kA bhI jikra hai|

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[ 65 ] bhI jhalakatI thI / deviyA~ pUchattI, saMsAra me satpuruSa kauna hai ? rAnI uttara detI ki jo dharma, artha, kAma, mokSa puruSArthoM ko siddha karake nirvANa pAtA hai vaha satpuruSa hai / jo vyakti manuSya janma pAkara bhI dharma, artha, kAma, mokSa puruSArthoM ko siddha nahIM karatA vaha kAyara hai| deviyoM pUchatI ki kaunasA manuSya siMha ke samAna unnata hai aura kaunasA nIca hai ? mAtA kahatI ki jo manuSya indriyoM ke sAtha 2 kAmarUpI durdhara hAthI ko mAra bhagAte hai ve siMha samAna hai| aura jo samyak ratnatraya dharma ko pAkara ume chor3a dete hai ve nIca haiN| vidvAn vaha hai jo zAstroM ko jAna kara pApa, moha aura bure kAma nahIM karate, viSayoM meM Azakta nahIM hote ! kitane ucca aura sulajhe huye vicAra the ye ! aisI ramaNI-ratna kI kokha se bhalA kyoM na narasiMha mahAvIra kA janma hotA? trizalAdevI eka dina sAnanda zayana kara rahI thii| abhI prAta kAla hone meM derI thii| unheM solaha zubha sUcaka svapna dikhAI diye the / tIrthakara prabhu ke garbhAvatAra kI sUcanA dene ke liye hI mAno pratyeka tIrthakara kI mAtA ve zubha svapna dekhatI hai| rAnI trizalA una anuThe solaha svapnoM ko dekhakara cakita ho gii| ve utthii| zaucAdi se nivRtta hokara mahArAja siddhArtha ke nikaTa rAja darabAra me gii| rAjA ne unhe ardhAsana para baitthaayaa| rAnI ne unase svapnoM kA hAla kahA / rAjA ne svapna zAstra ke anusAra unakA nimna prakAra spaSTIkaraNa kiyaa| _vaha bole, priyatame, jo tumane (1) pahale eka unnata cAra dAMto vAlA hAthI dekhA hai, usase yaha pragaTa hotA hai ki garbhastha bAlaka tIrthaGkara ke rUpa meM jnmegaa| (2) pAlatU bhAgyazAlI sapheda vaila dekhane kA bhAva yaha hai ki vaha vAlaka eka bar3A dharmapracAraka hogaa| (3) sundara siMha ko AkAza se mukhakI ora

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[ 66 ] / uchalatA huA dekhane kA phala yaha hai ki tumhArI kogya se atula vIrya kA dhAraka parAkramI putra janmegA / (4) zrI athavA lakSmIdevI kA dekhanA yaha batAtA hai ki bAlaka janma siddha rAjyAdhikArI hogA / (5) do sundara mandAra puSpa kI mAlAyeM yahI saMketa karatI haiM ki garbhastha bAlaka sugandhamaya zarIra kA dhAraka yazasvI hogA / (6) candra ke dekhane se pragaTa hai ki vaha mohatama kA bhedane vAlA hogA / (7) sUrya kA darzana yaha batAtA hai ki vaha bhavyarUpI kamaloM ke pratibodha kA karttA aura ajJAnAndhakAra kA meTane vAlA hogaa| (=) mInayugala dekhane se pragaTa hai ki ananta sukha prApta karegA / (6) do ghaMToM ke dekhane se maMgalamaya zarIrakA vAraka utkRSTa dhyAnI hogA / (10) sarovara kA dekhane kA phala yaha hai ki vaha jIvoM kI tRSNA kA dUra karegA / (11) samudra dekhanA yaha nirdeza karatA hai ki vaha pUrNa jJAna kA dhAraka hogA / (12) siMhAsana dekhane se nizcaya jAno ki vaha antameM paramo - tkaSTa pada ko prApta karegA / (13) vimAna dekhane kA phala yaha hai kiM vaha svarga se utara kara AvegA / (14) nAgabhavana dekhane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vaha yahA~ para mukhya tIrtha ko pravRtta karegA / (15) ratna rAzikA dekhanA yaha sUcita karatA hai ki vaha anantaguNoM kA dhAraka hogA / (16) nighU ma agni kA dekhanA batAtA hai ki vaha samasta karmoM kA kSaya karegA / isa prakAra priyatama ke mukha se svapnAvalI kA phala sunakara trizalAdevI prasanna huI / vaha phala trilokAdhipati jinadeva ke avatAra ko sUcita karane vAlA apUrva romAMcakArI thA / " kucha dinoM ke pazcAt uccasthAna para prApta samasta gaho ke lagna ke yogya samaya meM rAnI trizalA ne caitra zuklA trayodazI somavAra ko rAtri ke anta samaya meM jaba candramA uttarA phAlguni nakSatra para thA, jinendra bhagavAn mahAvIra kA prasava kiyA /

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[ 67 ] prANiyoM ke hRdayoM ke sAtha sAtha samasta dizAye prasanna ho gaI / AkAza ne binA dhule hI nirmalatA dhAraNa karalI / usa samaya devoM kI kI huI matta bhramaroM se vyApta puSpoM kI varSA huI aura dudubhiyoM ne AkAza meM gambhIra zabda kiyA / " 1 bha0 mahAvIra ke janma samaya cauthe kAla duHkhamA sukhamA meM 75 varSa 3 mahIne avazeSa rahe the / prabhu kA janmAbhiSekotsava svarga ke devendro ne Akara manAyA thA / svayaM nRpa siddhArtha ne apane mahala me daza dina taka utsava manAye the / khuba dIpaka jalAkara rozanI kI gaI thI / dAna-puNya Adi zubha karma kiye gaye the aura bandIjanoM ko bandhanamukta kiyA gayA thA / cahu~ ora zAnti aura Ananda kI lahara daur3a gaI thI / jaina zAstroM me ina zubha avasaroM kA nAmakaraNa 'garbha' aura 'janma-kalyANaka' rUpa me huA hai / uname likhA hai 2 ki saudharma indra ne bAlaka prabhu ko sumeru parvata kI ratnamaI pANDuka zilA para le jAkara kSIrodadhi samudra ke nirmala jala se abhiSeka kiyA thaa| samasta deva-devAGganAoM ke sAtha manAyA gayA vaha abhiSeka vizAla thA / indra ne abhiSeka ke uparAnta bAlaka prabhU ko aneka prakAra ke divya vastra aura alaGkAra pahanAye - sugandhita mAlA pahanAI, unheM namaskAra kiyA / namrIbhUta surendra ne 'vIra' yaha nAma rakhakara apsarAoM ke sAtha samasta rasoM ko darzAne vAlA Ananda nRtya kiyA / deva asuroM ne bAlaka - prabhU ke darzana karake apane netrayugala saphala kiye / vividha zubha lakSaNoM se lakSita Akhira unakA zarIra thA / unake saundarya para kauna na vimohita hotA ? unake alaukika jJAna aura atula bala ke Age kauna na sira namAtA ? 1. maca0 pR0 248 2. maca0 pR0 213

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[ ] aise atyanuta zrI vIra bhagavAna ko bAlyocita maNimaya bhUpaNoM se vibhUpita kara devagaNa iSTasiddhi ke liye bhakti le unakI isa prakAra stuti karane lage / "he vIra ! yadi saMsAra meM Apake racira vacana na ho| to bhavyatmAoM ko nizcaya le tatvavodha kisa taraha ho ? padmA (kamala-zrI bAna zrI ) prAtakAta meM sUrya ke tela ke binA kyA apane ApahI vikasita ho jAtI hai ? sneha rahita dazA ko dhAraNa karane vAle zrApa jagata ke advitIya dIpaka hai kaThinatA se rahita hai antarAtmA jisakI aise Apa ciMtAmaNi ratna haiM ! isa prakAra janma kalyANaka manAkara indra ne vAlaka vIra ko unake mAtA-pitA ko supurda kiyA aura ve svayaM devasamUha nahita amaraloka ko cale gye| ughara rAnA siddhArtha nera eka dina apane satra vandhu bAMdhavoM aura iSTa mitroM ko nimaMtrita karake vIra-bAlaka kA nAmakaraNa utsava mnaayaa| ve saba hI maGgala upahAra lekara aaye| unake Adara-satkAra meM khUba Amoda pramoda huA / napa siddhAya ne 1. hari0 marga 2 2. zvetAnbara jainoM kI mAnyatA hai ki pahale tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA jIva RSabhadasa brAhmaNa kI patnI devanandA ke garbha meM pAyA thA, parantu indrakI zrAjJA se nagamezadeva ne use itriyANI trizalA kI kokha meM pahuMcA diyA thA, kyoMki tIrthakara hamezA kSatriya hote haiN| zvetAmbaroM kI isa mAnyatA ke viSaya meM zrI candrarAja maMDhArI (jvetAmbara jainI) ke nimna-vAkya dRSTavya hai-"imane mandeha nahIM ki, uparoka pramANoM meM se bahuta meM pramAe bahuta hI mahasvapUrNa hai| inameM go prAyaH yahI jAhira hotA hai ki garnaharaNa' kI ghaTanA kavi kI karanA hI hai |"ityaadi nagavAn mahAvIra pR0 11 / - - -

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[ 66 ] pratidAna dvArA una sabako saMtuSTa kiyA / ve vole, "yaha zizu mahAbhAga hai / yaha jisa dina se rAnI trizalA ke garbha se AyA hai. usa dina se hI hamAre ghara meM, nagara me aura rAjya meM vana-dhAnyAdika kI vRddhi huI hai / ataH isakA nAma 'varddhamAna' rakkhA jAya / " upasthita bAndhavoM ne isakA anumodana kiyA / bAlaka vIra varddhamAna nAma se prasiddha hue / eka dina bAlaka vIra-varddhamAna ratna jaTita jhUle meM jhUla rahe the / AkAzamArga se jJAnapuJja muni-yugala vahAM A upasthita huye - ve cAraNa Rddhi ke dhAraka the unake nAma saMjaya aura vijaya the / unheM jina siddhAnta me kucha zaGkAye thIM; parantu cAlaka - prabhu ke divya darzana karate hI unakA saMzayArtha dUra ho gyaa| unhoMne bhagavAna kA nAma 'sanmati' rkkhaa| isa prakAra bhagavAna cAru candra kI taraha bar3hane lage / -

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(8) yuvAvasthA aura gahastha jIvana / 'nizi kA dIpaka candramA, dina kA dIpaka bhAna | kulakA dIpaka putra hai, tihujaga dIpaka jJAna / ' -dyAnata dina vItate dera nahIM lgtii| doija kA candramA A~khamicaunI khelatA huA camakatA hai, parantu vahI prati dina eka-eka kalA bar3hatA huA parNimA ko sabakA mana mohatA hai| jainiyoM ke samasta tIrthakara saMsAra me calate-phirate manuSya the| vaha koI deva athavA manuSyopari vyakti nahIM the| yadi vaha manuSya na hote to naraloka ke liye unakA mahatva kucha na rahatA / deva bhI amarapurI kA sukha-vaibhava visAra kara uttama manuSya kula pAne ke liye tarasate haiN| kevala isaliye hI ki manuSya janma meM hI saMsArI jIva ke liye yaha sambhava hai ki vaha 'triloka-dIpaka-jAna' ko prApta karake trilokya pUjya zAzvata paramapada ko prApta kre| mahAnatA kauna nahIM cAhatA ? mahatvAkAMkSA kise nahIM hai ? kintu usakI praur3hatA aura sulabhatA nara janmameM hI hai| naradeha meM hI vaha vivekabhAva aura tyAgazakti vyakta kI jA sakatI hai, jo nara ko nArAyaNa banA detI hai| Adhanika tatvavettA kAlAila (Carlyle ) ne likhA hai ki 'manuSya devI janma dhAraka hai| vaha saMyogoM aura AvazyakatAoM kA gulAma nahIM hai. balki unakA vinayI jetA hai| dekho, vaha apanI svAdhInatA ko aura apane (Atmika) vyaktitva ko kisa rIti se duniyA meM prakaTa kara sakatA hai ? yuvaka mahAvIra ne isa satya ko apane jIvana meM mUrtimAna banAne kA zubha-saMkalpa kiyA thaa| eka jainI ko yaha dRr3ha

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vizvAsa hotA hai ki yaha anantazakti kA dhAraka hai-ananta sukha aura zAMti kA adhikArI hai / paristhitiyoM kA vaha svayaM nirmAtA hai / vaha cAhe to zabhasaMkalpa aura samyak zraddhA dvArA apane ko paramotkRSTa-pada para pahu~cA le| aura yadi vaha bahakakara indriyabhoga meM aMdhA ho jAya, to apane ko patita banA le| rAjakumAra mahAvIra zrAvaka the| vaha zubha-saMkalpa aura samyaka zraddhA ko lekara jIvana patha meM agrasara huye the| unakA jIvana tIna bhAgoM meM baMTA huA milatA hai| unake jIvana kA pahalA bhAga hame mahAvIra ke Adarza gahastha jIvana kA darzana karAtA hai| usakA dUsarA bhAga unheM jJAnI-dhyAnI mahAvIra vyakta karatA hai| yaha unakI sAdhanA kA samaya thaa| aMtima bhAga me vaha trilokI pUjya sarvajJa-sarvadarzI tIrthakarahokara camakate haiM / jIvana ke uddezya ko unhoMne saphala banAyA-vaha kRtakRtya huye, taraNatAraNa bana gaye / vaha jJAtakula nandana se trilokavandanIya mahat puruSa huye| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nAma unake jIvana ke tri-vidhi-paTa ko paryApta pragaTa karate. hai / gahastha jIvana meM kaumArAvasthAme vaha 'vIra varddhamAna' rahate haiM / devendra ne unheM 'vIra' kahakara pukArA aura rAjA siddhArtha ne unheM 'varddhamAna' kahA / kaviyoM ne 'nAthakulanandana' rUpame unakA smaraNa kiyA / aura kSatriyoM ne unheM 'jJAtaputra' kahakara pukArA 2 / Akhira unakA pitakula 'jJAta' hI thA / parantu apanI mAtA trizalA videhadattA kI apekSA vaha 'videha' athavA 'videha dinna' bhI kahalAye 3 / 'vaizAlika' 1. maca* pRSTha, 253 va 255 ma0pu0 pRSTha 61-62 va saMjaiha0, bhA02 khaMDa 1 pa.10.62 2. 'NAe NAyaputte NAyakula niyatte'--prAcArAna 3. AdhArAna sUtra 2437

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[ 72 (sAliya) kahakara bhI logoM ne unakA ullekha kiga, gani unakI mAtA vizAlA (vaitAlI) kI rAjakumArI thIM-unA uja vizAla thA aura vacana bhI vizAla thA / devoM ne unakI nirbhIkatA aura sAhasa ko taya karale 'ativIra unakA nAna rastA thaa| cAraNa muniyoM ne unake vAlyarUpa ko saMzayahara jAnakara 'sanmati kahakara sanvodhA thA / ___ jaba mahAvIra gaha tyAga kara vanavAsI yogI huye aura yoganiSThAmeM lIna rahakara jJAna-dhyAna aura tapasyAkA zrama vahana karana tane natra vaha 'zramaNa mahAvIra' kahalAye 3 / acelakata nI kaThina parIpaha unhoMne sahna kI thI jannatva nissandeha puruSa nAma vijetA hone kA pramANa hai / bauddhoM ne yogI mahAvIra kA ullekha nigaMTha nAtyutta' (nintha nAtapatra ) nAma se jiyA hai / vaha jJAtavaMzake rAnarpi the ! 'nimrantha vaha isaliye kaha tAte the, kyoMki vaha bandhana-nuca the-bAhyAbhyantara paritraha kI gAMThoM meM baMdhe huye nahIM the| 5. 'vigalA jananIpatya, vizAla kujaneva ca / vizAlaM vacanaM vAspa tena vaizAlicho jinaH / ' sutra kRtAMTIvA 13 2. maH0 paTha 3. (He is called) Samana because he sustains dreadful dangers and fears, the noble nake Gress and the miseries of the world.jain Sutras (S B.E.) P.. I P. 193. 4. 'tenangepana manana nigaMTho mAraputtopAvApan pradhanA kAlantIhoti -dIvanikAya (P. T.S.. III. 117-118). 5. maha0. mA0 - naMda : pR.53

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jaba sAdhu mahAvIra arhatapada ko prApta huye aura sarvajJa paramAtmA ho gaye. taba vaha tIrthaGkara bhagavAna mahAvIra varddhamAna nAma se prasiddha huye / vaha mahatI-sabhA (samavazaraNa) meM dharma kahate the; isaliye vaha 'mahativIra' the / vaha tIrthaMkaroM me sarva antima the, isaliye unheM 'carama tIrthaGkara' athavA 'antyakAzyapa' kahA hai / vaha 'kAzyapa, nAmase apane gotra kI apekSA prakhyAt the / lokakalyANake liye unakA Adarza jIvana thA, isaliye vaha 'vasudhaika vAdhava' kahe gaye haiM 2 / mahAmAnya, mAhaNa (brAhmaNa) Adi aneka nAmoM se unakA smaraNa bhaktajanoM ne kiyA hai| yadyapi bha0 mahAvIra ke jIvana ko hama tIna bhAgoM meM baMTA huA dekhate hai, parantu hamAre pAsa aise pramANa nahIM haiM / jinase hama unake kramika vikAsa ko spaSTa batA sake / mahAvIra hI kyA ? pratyeka mahApuruSake jIvanake viSayame yahI dekhA jAtA hai unake jIvanakA bahubhAga adbhuta bAtoM me hI chipA rahatA hai| phira bhI bha0 mahAvIra ke viSayame jainazAkhoM ke kathana se yaha spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn eka samunnata samudAra, sundara, saumya aura sudhIra vIra rAjakumAra the| yadyapi unake dainika jIvana ko jaina zAstra citrita nahIM karate, parantu unameM nRpasiddhArtha kA dainika jIvana likhA milatA hai| pitA ke caritra kA prativimva putrakA - 1, 'sanmati: mahativIraH mahAvIraH antyakAzyapaH / nAthAnvayaH vardhamAna: yattI maha sAMpratam / / 136 // ' 'vIra: caramatIrthakRt-iti hemacandra. dhanajayanAmamAlA " samaNeNaM bhagavayA mahAvIreNaM kAsaveNaM pvehyaa|' -dazavakAlika 1 2. kanar3I varddhamAnapurANa, jaiga0 24132 3, jinasahasranAma dekho

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[ 74 ] jIvana prAya. hotA hI hai / usa se mahAvIra kI dinacaryA kA anumAna vina pAThaka lagA sakate haiM / 1 'kalpasUtra' me likhA hai ki " sUryodayake anantara siddhArthaM rAjA avanazAlA arthAt vyAyAmazAlA me jAte the / vahA~ ve kaI prakAra ke daNDa baiThaka, mugadara uThAnA Adi vyAyAma karate the / usake anantara ve mallayuddha karate the / isame unako bahuta parizrama ho jAtA thA / isake pazcAt zatapakka taila -- jo sau prakAra ke dravyoM se nikAlA jAtA thA aura sahasrapakka taila jo eka hajAra dravyoM se nikAlA jAtA thA-se mAliza karavAte the / yaha mAliza rasa rudhira dhAtuoM ko prIti karane vAlA -- dIpana karane vAlA, valakI vRddhi karane vAlA aura saba indriyoM ko AlhAda dene vAlA hotA thA / vyAyAma ke pazcAt vaha snAna karate the / " " uparAnta vaha devopAsanA meM samaya bitAte the / zuddha sAtvika bhojana karake rAjakAja me pravRtta hote the / isa varNana se spaSTa hai ki bha0 sahAvIra ke pitRgRha kA vAyumaNDala bahuta hI zuddha aura pavitra thA / usame mAnavI unnati ke sabahI sAdhana prApta the / usa para bha0 mahAvIra to pUrva janmase hI apArapuNya sacita karake Aye the / unakI zArIrika sampatti atulaaura vipula thI / unakA saundarya anupama thA / unakI buddhi kA vikAsa apUrva thA / vaha samacaturasaMsthAna, vajravRSabhanArAca sahanana vAle zarIra meM mati zruti avadhijJAna ko dhAraNa kiye huye saMsAra meM anUThe the / vaha mahatI pratibhA ke dhArI tejasvI nara-puMgava the / unakI zikSA kA sAmAnya krama anumAna karanA eka viDamvanA hai / unakA jJAna vizeSa thA / bhalA sAmAnya puruSa unheM kyA zikSA detA ? vaha satsAhitya aura kalA vijJAna, zastrAstra aura rAjanIti -- saba hI vidyAoM meM nipuNa the / 1. ghaMbhama0 pR0 11-120

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unhoMne sahaja meM hI sava zAstra par3ha liye the| ___mahAvIrake samAna parAkramI yavaka me vizeSatva kA kendrita honA svAbhAvika thaa| ve rAja udyAnoM meM rAjakumAroM aura devasahacaroM ke sAtha anUThI krIr3Aye kiyA karate the| parantu una kIr3AoM se bhI unakA paropakAra bhAva agrasthAna rakhatA thaa| jainazAstra kahate hai ki yuvaka mahAvIra ne choTI-sI ATha varSa kI umra se hI jIvoM para dayA karane, saca bolane, corI na karane, brahmacarya se rahane aura apanI AkAMkSAoM ko sImita rakhane kA dRr3ha sakalpa kara liyA thaa| dRr3ha cAritra rUpI bhavya-bhavana kI nIMva vAlyakAlake zubha sarakAroM ke AdhAra para hI rakkhI jAtI hai| yuvaka mahAvIra bhI saMyamI aura vivekI apanI yavAvasthAme milate hai / vaha lokopakAra me apane tana-sanakI sudha bhala jAte hai| eka daphA unhone sunA ki eka sadamatta hAthI prajA ko kaSTa de rahA hai--vaha kisI taraha bhI pakar3ane meM nahIM AtA / rAjakumAra mahAvIra sunate hI bhAge gaye aura logoM ke dekhate hI unhoMne usa khUnI hAthI ko nisaMda kara diyaa| yaha to eka udAharaNa hai--unake jIvana meM na jAne aisI kitanI ghaTanAyeM ghaTita huI hoMgI-unakA lekhA aba nahIM milatA / kintu zAstroM ke nimnalikhita ullekhase yaha spaSTa hai ki unakI mahatI paropakAravRtti kI prasiddhi naraloka hI kyA, devalokataka phaila gaI thii| eka dina rAjasabhA se baiThakara indrarAjane rAjakumAra sahAvIra varddhamAnakI upakAra bhAvanA aura nirbhIkacaryA kI prazaMsA kii| deva samudAya use sunakara prasanna huaa| kintu eka devake hRdaya me use sunakara kautuka utpanna huaa| vaha jhaTa se naralokase avatarA aura kuNDagrAma ke usa udyAna meM pahuMcA jisame rAjakumAra mahAvIra varddhamAna apane sakhA-sahacaroM ke sAtha oNkha-micaunI khela rahe the| deva ne unake bIcame eka sahAbhayaMkara kAlA nAga

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( 76 ) prakaTa kara dikhAyA / vaha viSadhara Rddha aura tubhita huA apane muMha se viSabharI phakAra kara rahA thA / vAlaka use dekhate hI ghavar3Aye aura apane 2 prANa lekara bhAgane lge| kintu rAjakumAra mahAvIra jarA bhI vicalita nahIM huye| unhoMne apane sakhAoM ko vipattimukta karanA apanA karttavya samajhA-dhairya se unhoMne kAma liyA / hAziyArIse unhoMne usa sApa ko apane vaza kara liyA aura usake phaNa para paira rakhakara mitroM ko abhaya kara pAsa bulAyA / deva yaha sava kucha dekhakara prabhAvita huA / vaha kumAra ke sammukha Akara natamastaka huA aura apanI dhRSTatA ke liye kSamA yAcanA karane lagA / kumAra mahAvIra udAra hRdaya the| unhone deva se kyA kahA, yaha to mAlama nahIM, parantu yaha nizcita hai ki vaha lokakalyANa ke liye ahirnizi tanmaya rahate the| deva ne 'ativIra' kahakara unheM namaskAra kiyA aura unakI pavitra-smRti liye huye vaha amaraloka ko calA gyaa|3| rAjakumAra mahAvIra kramaza. yauvana lakSmI ko prApta huye| unakA navIna kanera ke samAna varNavAlA sAta hAthakA manoja zarIra, nisvedatA Adi svAbhAvika atizayoM se yukta sabakA mana mohatA thA / 2 rAjA siddhArtha aura rAnI trizalA apane lADale 1.30pu0 pR0 607-608 mathurA kaMkAlITIlA se kuzANa kAlIna eka aisA zilApaTa upalabdha huzrA hai, jisameM deva-parIkSA kI isa ghaTanA kA citraNa hai| 2. janma se hI tIrthakara-nAma-karma prakRti ke udaya meM tIrthakSaroM ke yaha daza atizaya hote hai, (6) malamUtra rahita zarIra, (2) pasInA na ghAnA, (3) dUdha ke samAna raka, (5) patravRpamanArAca saMhanana, (2) samacaturama saMsthAna, (6) bhadmata rUpa (7) atizaya sugaghatA, (ka) eka hajAra ATha lakSaNayukta zarIra () anaMsarala,

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( 77 ) beTe ko dekhakara phUle na samAte the| mahAvIra kI yuvAvasthA ne unhe saceta kiyA-mAM kI mamatA jaagii| unhoMne cAhA mahAvIra kA vivAha ho jAve / rAjA siddhArtha ne unake prastAva ko sarAhA / maMtriyoM na yogya kumArI se vivAha sambandha sthira karane ke liye rAjadUta daur3Aye / vaDe-bar3e rAjA-mahArAjA apanI 2 rAjakumAriyoM kA pANigrahaNa saMskAra bha0 mahAvIra se karane ke liye lAlAyita (70) aura priya hitakara vacana | ina atizayoM meM zaGkA karanA vyartha hai, kyoki sAmudrika zAstrAnusAra viziSTa zarIra honA siddha hai; jise zrAdhanika vijJAna bhI amAnya nahIM tthhraataa| pratyakSa aneka lakSaNa adhunA lokamAnya puruSoM meM milate haiN| mala-sUtrAdi ke abhAva aura dugdhavat rakta ke hone meM bhI koI atrabhA nahIM hai kyoMki jisa tIrthakara nAma karma prakRti ke udayAnusAra zarIra-nAma-karma unakA nirmANa karatA hai, vaha hI sAdhAraNa jIva-manuSya-pazu zrAdi ke nAma karma se bhinna hotI hai| zarIra nirmANa kA kArya nAma karma ke hI zrAdhIna hai / tAmasika guNa kI adhikatA se zArIrika svAsthya naSTa hotA hai kyoMki isa guNa ko pradhAnatA se hI manuSya ko nidrA pAtI hai| zrAya. vedAcArya suzruta tamoguNa ke zrAdhikya se nidrA kA honA batAte haiN| ( tamo'bhibhUte tasmiMstu nidrA pravizati dehinAm / ) nidrA jIvana kI zreSThatA ko naSTa karatI hai / kintu tIrthakara ke tamoguNa kA atyanta prabhAva hotA hai| isIlie unako nidrA nahIM pAtI aura unakA svAsthya kabhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| aAjakala bhI kaI sAtvika loga aise haiM jo nidrA ko jIta lete haiN| prasiddha vaijJAnika eDIsana 8-8 dina taka nahIM sote / eka anya sAhaba mahIne meM kucha ghaMTe hI sote haiN| tIrthakara kA zarIra hI sAdhAraNa sanapya ke zarIra se bhinna prakAra kA hotA hai-unake malamUtrAdi

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( 78 ) huye / kaliga deza ke mahArAja jitazat apane rAjazivira sahita kuNDagrAma Aye / unakI yazodA nAmakI rAjakumArI anupama sundarI thii| rAjA siddhArtha aura rAnI trizalA rAjakusArI yazodA ke rUpalAvaNya aura guNoM ko dekha kara unheM apanI patra vadhU vanAne ke liye utkaNThita huye| rAjakumAra varddhamAna ke sammukha kA abhAva anahonI bAta nahIM hai| aAjakala bhI aise manuSya haiM jinheM malamUtra kI vAdhA jaldI nahIM satAtI | alIgar3ha jile meM eka manuSya lagAtAra bAraha varSa taka pAkhAne nahIM gayA thA aura khAtA-pItA rahA thaa| bhasmakavyAdhi meM nIhAra hotA hI nahIM / (vRhada jaina zabdArNadha 11171-73) isI lie bha0 mahAvIra kA zarIra anaThA thaa| sannATa khAraveja ke zilAlekha meM bhI isakA ullekha nimna prakAra hai..... cetirAjavasabadhanena pasatha subhalakhanena caturaMtaluThita gunopahitena kaliMgAdhipatinA siri khAravelena / " * * tadAni vadhanAna-pesayo venAbhi vijayo tatiye . . . .. ..." !" bhAvArya-"cetirAna vaMzavaddhana prazasta zumalakSaNoM se sampanna, caturdikanyApta-guNAgarimA-yuta kaliMgAdhipati zrI khAravela the / " . ...." jo apane bAlyakAla meM rAnakumAra barddhamAna ke samAna aura apanI vijayoM meM veNa ke tulya the|" sArAMza yaha ki bha0 mahAvIra apane adviyIya zarIragaThana aura rUparAzi ke lie prasiddha the| 1. 'harivaMzapurAe' meM kumAra mahAvIra kI vivAha yojanA kA ullekha nimna prakAra hai, jisase spaSTa hai ki unhoMne vivAha karanA svIkAra nahIM kiyA thA"bhavAnna ki zreNika vetti bhapati, napendra siddhArtha phanIyasIpati / damaM prasiddha jitazatramAsyayA, pratApavantaM jitazatrumaeDalan / / 6 / /

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( 76 ) unhoMne vivAha kA prasta va rakhanA ucita smjhaa| parantu mahArAja siddhArtha unakI udAsInavRtti jAnate the - unhoMne rAnI trizalA ke supurda yaha kAma kiyaa| rAnI ne rAjakumAra varddhamAna ko bulA jinendra vIrasya samudbhavotsave, tadAgataH kuNDapuraM suhRdvRtaH / supUjitaH kuNDapurasya bhUbhRtA nRpo'yayA khaNDalaturyAvakramaH ||7|| yazodayayAM sutayA yazodayA pavitratyA vIravivAha maMgalam | aneka kanyA parivArayA''ruhatsamIkSitu turaM gamanorathaM tadA ||8|| smite'tha nAthe tapasi svayamuvi prajAta kaivalya vizAlalocane / " jagadvibhUtyai viharatyapi kSiti kSitiM vihAya sthitavAMstapasyayaM // 6 // kumAra varddhamAna kA mana tapa-ramaNo ne moha liyA thA / vaha vivAha kaise karate ? kintu zvetAmbarIya zAstroM meM likhA hai ki varddhamAna svAmI kA vivAda rAjA samaravIra kI kanyA yazodA ke sAtha huA thA, jisase unake eka putrI huI thI / digambara aura zvetAmbara vAmnAyoM kA yaha matabheda anUThA hai, kyoMki digambarAmnAya meM kaI eka tIrthaGkaroM ke vivAha hue varNita haiN| mAlUma aisA hotA hai ki zvetAmbariyoM ne siddhAnta bheda ko prakaTa karane ke liye antima tIrthakara ko vivAhita citrita kiyA hai, kyoMki digambara jainI eka tIrthakara ke putrI kA honA svIkAra nahIM krte| usa para khAsa bAta yaha hai ki svayaM zvetAmbarI prAcIna granthoM, jaise 'kalpasUtra' aura 'zrAcArAdvasUtra' meM bha0 mahAvIra ke vivAha kA ullekha nahIM hai / zvetAmbarIya 'zrAvazyaka niyukti' meM spaSTa likhA hai ki bha0 mahAvIra strI pANigrahaNa aura rAjyAbhiSeka se ravi kumArAvasthA meM hI dIkSita huye the ( nayaityiAbhise kumAravivAsami pavtraiyA / ) ataeva vallabhInagara meM jisa samaya zve0 zrAgamagrantha devarddhigaNi tamAzramaNa dvArA saMzodhita aura saskArita kiye gaye the, usa samaya prAcIna zrAcAryoM ke nAmAvalI cUrNi aura TokAoM meM vivAha kI bAta bar3hAI gaI saMbhava

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( 80 ) kara kahA ki "vatsa ! yaha hamArA saubhAgya hai ki tuma hamAre yahA~ avatare ho tuma tIrthakara hokara isI janmama trilokyapajya vanoge! tInoM lokake prANI tumhAre darzana karane ke liye lAlA dikhatI hai| usa samaya gujarAta deza meM baudoM ko sakhyA bhI kAphI thii| vallabhIrAjAoM kA Azraya pAkara zve. jainAcArya apane dharma kA prasAra kara rahe the / bauddhoM ko apane dharma meM sugamatA se dIkSita karane ke lie--unheM apanI ora AkRSTa karane ke lie unhoMne apane prAgamaanthoM kA saMkazana cauddhapranyoM ke AdhAra se kiyA pratIta hotA hai aura unameM bha0 mahAvIra ke caritra ko ma0 gautama buddha ke caritra se bilkula milatA julatA banA diyA gayA hai| boda yAtrI hyA nasAMga ne apane yAtrA vivaraNa (pR0 142 ) meM spaSTa likhA hai ki zvetapaTadhArI jainiyoM ne codanayoM meM bahuta sI bAteM lekara apane zAstra race haiN| hya ntsAMga kA saMketa saMmavataH zve0 granthoM ke isa sAdRzya ko lakSya karake hI hai| adhunA pAzcAtya vidvAn bhI isa bAta ko svIkAra karate hai ki saMbhavata zvetAmbaroM ne zrI mahAvIra jI kA jIvana vRtAnta ma. gautamavuda ke jIvana caritra ke prAdhAra me likhA hai| (bulhara, iMDiyana sekTa prAba dI jainsa, pa. 45) "lalita vistAra aura "nidAnakayA" nAmaka baudagrayoM meM jaimA caritra gautamabuddha kA diyA hai, usase zvetAmbaroM dvArA vaNita ma0 mahAvIra ke caritra meM kaI bAtoM meM sAdRzya hai / (kahiiM0 116) udAharaNa rUpa meM dekhiye yaha sAhazya janma se hI prArambha hotA hai| na0 buddha jAnate the ki vaha svarga se caya kara amuka rIti se janma ghAraNa kreNge| ma. mahAvIra ke viSaya meM zvetAmbarIya zAstra kahate hai ki unheM apane zrAgamana kA jJAna tIna prakAra se thaa| yuvAvasthA ke varNana meM bhI donoM meM sadaza varNana hai / yauda kahate haiM ki gautama ne yazodA ko vyAhA, zvetAmbara bhI likhate haiM ki mahAvIra ne yazodA meM vivAha kiyA thA /

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( 1 ) yita haiM ! nandana ! hama tumheM dekhakara phUlI aGga nahIM samAtIM, kintu hamArI eka sAdha hai - putratva kI bhAvanA hame vAdhya kara rahI hai ki hama tumhe vadhU sahita dekheM | bolo hamArI icchA pUrI karoge !" kumAra varddhamAna yaha sunakara muskarA diye aura bole, "maoN yaha tumhArI masatA kA pradarzanamAtra hai / parantu mA~, tumane duniyAM kI ora A~kha pasAra kara nahIM dekhA - duniyaoN kaisI dukhI hai ? zIladharma kI kaisI chIchA ledara ho rahI hai ? vAnaprasthI sanyAsI bhI ramaNI ke mohapAza se apane ko nahIM bacA pAye hai- unakI bhI patniyA~ haiM ! maoN, loka kalyANa ke liye dharma- tIrtha kI punasthApanA atyantAvazyaka hai / maiM vilamba kaise karU~ ?" vaha yaha bhI batAte haiM ki mahAvIra jI ke mAtA-pitA ne unako dIkSA grahaNa karane se rokA thA; buddha ke sambandha meM bhI yahI kahA jAtA hai / zvetAmbaroM kA mata hai ki bha0 mahAvIra kI gRhastha avasthA meM hI una ke mAtA-pitA kA svargavAsa ho gayA thA aura unake jyeSTa bhrAtA mandivarddhana rAjyAdhikArI huye the / bauddhagraMthoM meM bhI likhA hai ki siddhArtha gautama kI mAtA janmatehI svargavAsI huI thIM aura unake nanda nAma ke bhAI the ( sAmsa0, pR0 126 ) ma0 buddha 'sambodhi ' prApta kara lene ke pazcAt bhI kavalAhAra karate the / ( mahAvagga SBE pR0 82 ) bha0 mahAvIra ke viSaya meM bhI zvetAmbarIya zAstra yahI kahate haiM / ma0 buncha ke jIvana meM unake bhikSusaMgha meM matabheda khaDA huA thA / ( mahAvagga 8) zvetAmbara bhI kahate haiM ki bha0 mahAvIra ke jamAI jAmAli ne unake viruddha eka asaphala vidroha kiyA thA / isI prakAra ke sAdRzya zve. mAnyatA ko zakApUrNa banA meM digambara jainoM kI mAnyatA samIcIna vidita ThIka hai ki mahAvIra jI bAla brahmacArI the / dete haiM / isa dazA hotI hai aura yaha

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( 2 ) rAnI trizalA ne kahA, "beTA! yaha ThIka kahate ho maiM jAnatI hUM, tumhArA avatAra loka kalyANa ke liye huA hai / parantu abhI to tumhArI yuvAvasthA hai| yaha gRhasthAzramameM praveza karane kA avasara hai| rAjakumArI yazodA se vivAha karake gahatya dharma kA Adarza sthApita karo, yaha bhI eka kartavya hai| uparAnta dharmatIrtha kI sthApanA karanA! mahAvIra tilamilA uThe aura duHkhI saMsAra kA citra unake netroM ke Age upasthita ho gayA / vaha vole, "maoN, kyA kahatI ho| isa Aya-kAya kA kyA bharosA ? saMsAra meM phaMse rahanA ho to strI-moha meM koI par3e ? so! mujhase yaha nahIM hogA !" mAtA trizalA yaha sunakara capa ho rhiiN| unakA hRdaya putrasneha se otaprota thA-vaha nahIM cAhatI thIM ki unake Agraha se unake sukumAra parantu vivekI putra ke mana ko Thesa phuNce| vaha kumAra sahAvIra kI bAtoM para vicAra karane lgiiN| unake netroM ke Age saMsAra-svarUpa kA karuNa dRzya khiMca gyaa| unake hRdaya ne kahA, "kumAra ThIka kahate haiM / loka andhA ho rahA hai| use sanmArga para lAne ke liye prakAza kI jarUrata hai| Ayu sImita hai-kAya kSaNa bhaMgura hai| acchA hai, jo bhI tvapara kalyANa bana pdd'e|" rAjakumAra varddhamAna mahAvIra ke nizcaya kI khavara cahuM bhora phaila gaI / hatAza hokara jitazatru rAjA bhI kaliGga ko lauTa gye| rAjakumAra mahAvIra vAla brahmacArI rhe| kaumArAvasthAmeM unhoMne rAjasUtrasaMcAlanameM nRpa siddhArtha kA hAtha bNttaayaa| vaha ghara meM vaise hI rahe jaise kamala jala se alahadA rahatA hai|

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vairAgya aura dIkSAgrahaNa "jIvana kA hai lakSya nahi, bhautika sukhakA bhoga / viSaya vAsanA taja karo, parama zAnti upabhoga // " -'ajJAta' bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane uttama jIvana kA prArambhika bhAga pUrNa brahmacarya dhAraNa karake jIvana rahasya ke tatvoM kI zodha aura anubhava karane meM bitA diyaa| lokahita ke kAryoM me nirata rahakara unhoMne 'satya' ke pratyakSa darzana kiye| jIvana ke Adarza kA mahatva unhoMne AMkA-pArthivatA meM nahIM, AtmikatA meM unhoMne satya ko pAyA / isaliye AtmA kI upAsanA karane ke liye vaha lAlAyita ho utthe| nissandeha pratyeka mahApuruSa ke jIvana meM eka aisI sthiti AtI hai, jaba vaha viSaya-vAsanAoM aura bhogoM se sarvathA virakta hokara yathArtha satya ko prApta karane ke liye vyagra ho uThatA hai-AtmAsaMyama kI ucca bhAvanAoM me ramaNa karanA use pyArA lagatA hai| hai bhI yaha ThIka kyoMki jIvana ko Adarza banAne athavA Atmazuddhi ke liye jIvita rahanA hI jIvana kA pradhAna uddezya ho sakatA hai| dhana-sampatti, rAja, bhogavilAsa Adi vastuye to vAhya sAdhana haiM aura apUrNa haiM, kyoM ki ve svayaM nAzavAna haiN| laoNrDa avebarI ne unake viSaya me ThIka kahA hai ki "dhana hame sukhI nahIM banA sakatA, aihika saphalatA hame sukha taka nahIM pahu~cA sakatI, mitragaNa hame sukhI nahIM kara sakate aura svAsthya evaM zakti bhI hamako sukhI nahIM banA sakatI ! yadyapi yaha saba vastuyeM sukhake liye haiM, parantu inase vAstavika sukhakI prApti nahIM ho sakatI hai| hA~, prakRti saba kucha kara sakatI hai| vaha hamako susvAsthya, dhana, dIrgha Ayu Adi saba hI vastu pradAna

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( 58 ) kara sakatI haiN| para vaha bhI saccA sukha nahIM de sakatI haiM / sukha pAne ke liye to hamame se pratyeka ko svayaM svAvalambI hokara prayatnazIla honA cAhiye / isa vAtako hamArI bhASA bhalIbhAMti siddha karatI hai ! dekhiye, jisadina hameM sukha milatA hai, usa dina use vyakta karane ke liye hama kyA kahate hai ? hama yahI kahate haiM na ki 'hamane apanA khUba zrAnanda bhogA / ' ( 'We say, we have enjoyed ourselves' ) hamArI mAtRbhASA kA yaha samvodhana vizeSa arthako liye huye haiM / hamArA sukha hama para hI nirbhara hai / " nissandeha yaha sukha hamArI AtmA me hI maujUda hai - hame vAhara bhaTakane aura naye 2 mArgoM ko DhU~r3hane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / pArthivatA kA mUlya jIvana meM kucha nahIM hai-AtmikatA hI kImatI cIz2a hai / 'kohenUra hIrA' akelA hI bar3A kImatI haikahate haiM sAr3he pAca karor3a rupaye usakA mUlya hai / kintu netrahIna ke liye usakA mUlya kucha bhI nahIM hai / netra hI nahIM to jaga hI nahIM, phira bhalA kohenUra hIre kA mUlya usake nikaTa kAnI kaur3I bhI na ho to Azcarya hI kyA ? aba sociye, hIrA jyAdA kImatI huA yA netra ? phira jarA Age vicAriye ki netra se bhI adhika mUlyamayI vaha Atmopayoga hai jo netra-darzana ke bhAva ko grahaNa karatA hai / yadi zarIra meM vaha amola Atmaratna na ho to netra bhI vyartha haiM / ataeva loka me sarvazreSTha mUlya aura mahatva kA padArtha Atma-ratna hI hai / tatvavettA lAlana kahate haiM ki " Azcarya to yaha hai ki isa aihika kohenara meM vAhya padArthoM meM manuSya moha rahA hai, parantu netra ratna kI kImata nahIM jAnatA hai / kadAcita usakI kImata bhI jAna letA hai to Atmaratna kI phInata nahIM jAnatA hai aura na usakI darakAra karatA hai / kintu yadi vaha antarhA bana jAya to vaha usa AtmA ke darzana kareM --

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( 5 ) ki jisakI kImata aparampAra hai !" isa satya ko lakSya karake __ hI jaina kavi kahate hai kiH "jo jagake sukhameM sukha hovahi, tau kim kAnana jAvahiM rAjA; koTi vilAsa tajahiM kihi kAraNa,chAMdahiM ve kima rAja smaajaa| sUjha para javahI unako, nijakA ghara dhyAna sudhArahiM kAjA; re mana ! tohi na sUjha parai, jagake sukhacAha na lAgata laajaa"|| yuvaka mahAvIra ne isa satya kA sanana aura anubhava kiyA thaa| unhoMne usake anusAra apane jIvana pravAha ko badalanA svIkAra kara liyaa| rAjakIya aizvarya aura vilAsakI pracura sAmagrI unhe mohita na rakha skii| tIsa varSa kI avasthA me unake antarjagat me eka krAnti upasthita huI / vaha vicArane lage ki "maiM tIna jJAna netra rakhatA hU~, AtmajJAnI hU~, phira bhI maiMne eka mUrkha ke samAna apane jIvana kA itanA amUlya samaya vRthAhI gRhasthAzramame raha kara kho diyA / aba avilamba mahAsaMyama ko dhAraNa karanA hI upAdeya hai|" pUrva janmAntaroM ke dRzya unake AgenAcane lage, jinase unakA nizcaya hada ho gayA / nissandeha lokame tyAga, saMyama aura satyAnuSThAnake vinA saphalatA prApta nahIM hotI hai / sAmAnya kAryoM kI saphalatA ke liye jaba ina bAtoM kI AvazyakatA hai, taba paramasukha pAne ke liya-prAtmaratna ko prakAzita karane ke liye kitane na bar3e tyAna-vairAgya aura saMcamAnuSTAna kI AvazyakatA hogI ? isIliye eka dina rAjakumAra mahAvIra mahAn anuSThAna karane ke lice tula paDe / vaha maMgasira zulA dazamI kA zubha dina thaa| usa dina darzakoM pI ra dhvani me sAMsArika sukhoM ko lAta mAra

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(86 ) karake parama 1 sukha pAne ke liye unhoMne digambarIya dIjJA dhAraNa karalI! U~ce U~ce vizAla mandiroM, rAjabhogoM, rasabharI ramaNI ke hAsaparihAsoM aura svAmIbhakta pranA ke mohapAzoM ko tor3akara ve vanavAsI bana gye| mAtA trizalA ne sunA to vaha putra viyoga se vihvala ho gaI, parantu vaha mahAvIra ke antaraGga ko jAnatI thiiN| vaha yaha bhI jAnatI thIM ki mahAvIra kA janma mere liye hI nahIM aura nahIM hI bAta kSatriyoM ke liye huA hai, valki vaha loka kI vibhati hai lokakalyANa ke kartA haiMlokoddhAra ke liye hI ve janme haiN| eka saccI catriyANI kI varaha unhoMne vIrabhAva pradarzita kiyA aura bar3e garva se apane lADale putra ko dIkSAgrahaNa karane ke liye vidA kiyaa| dIkSAgrahaNa ke isa apUrva avasara para yuvaka mahAvIra kI 1. zvetAmmarIya 'kalpasUtra' meM kathana hai ki yadyapi bha0 mahAvIra digambara veSa meM rahe the, parantu indra kA diyA huaA 'devadUSya' vastra dhAraNa karate the / dIkSA ke dUsare varSa meM unhoMne umakA bhI tyAga kara diyA thA aura ve acelaka ( namna ) ho gaye the| isa para paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI likhate haiM ki "bhagavAn ke samayavartI zrAjIvaka Adi sampradAya ke sAdhu bhI nagna hI rahate the| pIche jaba digambarI vRtti sAdhanoM ke lie kaThina pratIta hone lagI hogI aura isalie dezakAjA. nusAra unake lie vastra rakhane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hogA, taya yaha devadUpya kI kalpanA kI gaI hogI / bhagavAn rahate the nagna, para logoM ko vastra sahita hI dikhalAI dete the, zvetAmbara sampradAyake isa atizaya kA phalitArtha yahI hai ki bhagavAn nagna rahate the|" (le0 hi0bhA0 13) dhauda aura brAhmaNa zAstroM se bhI yahI siddha hotA hai|

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( 87 ) abhivandanA karane aura unake advitIya nizcaya ko sarAhane ke liye svargaloka ke virakta pariNAmI laukAntika deva bhI kuNDala - ra Aye the, yaha jainazAstra batAte haiM / yaha hai bhI svAbhAvika - jise jo vastu pyArI hai aura jisase usakI tRpti hotI hai, usake nikaTa vaha svataH hI pahu~ca jAtA hai / laukAntika devagaNa virAgI AtmAnubhavI hote haiM / tIrthaGkara ke mahAvairAgya aura zreSTha pariNAma vizuddhi kA rasAsvAdana karane ke liye ve kuNDalapura meM Aye aura natamastaka ho bole ki "svAmin ! moharUpI kIcar3a meM phaMse huye bhavya jIvoM ko ApahI hastAvalamvana dekara bAhara nikAleMge, kyoMki Apa dharmatIrtha ke pravartAne vAle haiM / isaliye he guNasamudra | Apako namaskAra hai / " isa prakAra stuti karake laukAntikadeva devAlaya ko lauTa gaye / uparAnta devoM aura manuSyoM ne milakara bhagavAn kA tapakalyANaka mahotsava mnaayaa| yuvaka mahAvIra ne usa samaya apanI sArI vastuye dAna karadIM - apanI vizAla sampatti yAcakoM me bAMTa dii| bAda meM, vaha zreSTha ratnamaI 'candraprabhA' nAmaka pAlakI para ArUr3ha huye aura bhavyajanoM ke tumula jayanAda ke bIca vaha kuNDalapura ke bAhara nikale / nAyakhaMDavana athavA jJAtakhaMDavana udyAna me ve pahu~ce aura pAlakI se utara pdd'e| vahA~ eka nirmala sphaTikamaNi kA zilAsana thA, jisase saTA huA azoka vRkSa lahalahA rahA thA / rAjakumAra mahAvIra ne sarva vastrAbhUSaNoM kA tyAga kara ke yathAjAta zizuveSa ko dhAraNa kiyA aura vaha usa azokavRkSa ke nIce zilAsana para uttara dizA ko mukha karake virAja gye| unhoMne 'siddhaparameSTiyoM' ko namaskAra kiyA aura sarva vAhyAbhyantara parigraha - tyAgakA vrata dhAraNa kiyA / unhoMne aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM ko pAlana karane kI mahApratijJA kI aura

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( 60 ) jaina zramaNa kA dainika jIvana sAdhAraNa manuSya ko bar3A hI kaThinasAdhya aura avyavahArya ja~catA hai, parantu usa zramaNa ko vahI bar3A pyArA hotA hai / isa kA kAraNa donoM kA dRSTibheda hai / gahastha kI dRSTi vikAra aura moha se anuraMjita hotI hai-baha yoga-virAga kI vAtoM ko kyA samajhe ? usakI tarAja mamatA hai - vikAra hai / isIliye vaha yogI ke jIvana ko avyavahArya mAnatA hai / yogI apane jIvana ko mamatA se pare uThA legayA hai / use moha aura vikAra nahIM satAte - deha kI mamatA bhI use nahIM hotI / vaha khuzI vakhuzI sAdhu jIvana kI kaThinAiyoM ko sahana karane me rasa letA hai / isIliye vaha anta meM Atma vijayI vIra banatA hai / jainadharma meM isa vaijJAnika siddhAnta ko lakSya karake hI sAdhu jIvana ke liye aTThAIsa mUla guNa Avazyaka batAye gaye haiM-- unako dhAraNa kiye binA koI bhI manuSya sAdhu nahIM ho pAtA / ve yaha haiM. (1) ahiMsA mahAvrata - pUrNata hiMsA kA tyA " / satya dharma kA pAlana / I asteya brahmacarya "3 (2) satya (3) asteya (4) brahmacarya aparigraha 1 "" 33 (5)) aparigraha, (6) IryAsamiti - prayojanavaza nirjIva mArga se cAra hAtha z2amIna dekhakara calanA / " - " " " " "} 33 31 37 "" } (7) bhASA samiti - svapara kalyANakArI hitamita vacana bolanA / (=) epA samiti - samabhAva se vinA nimaMtraNa svIkAra kiye bhikSA velA para zuddha AhAra grahaNa karanA / (1) pradAna nikSepaNa samiti - jJAnopakaraNAdi - pustakAdi ko dekhabhAla kara dharanA uThAnA /

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( 61 ) (10) pratiSTApanA samiti-ekAnta harita va sakAya rahita sthAna me mala mUtra kSepaNa krnaa| (11-15) pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSayoM kA nirodha krnaa| (16) sAmAyika-jIvana-maraNa, saMyoga-viyoga, zatru-mitra, sukha-dukha, bhUkha-pyAsa Adi bAdhAoM me rAgadveSa rahita samabhAva rakhakara dhyAna krnaa| (17) canarvizatistava RSabhAdi tIrthakaroM kI stuti karanA / (18) vandanA-deva, guru, zAstra ko namaskAra karanA / (16) pratikramaNa-doSa ko zodhanA aura pragaTa krnaa| (20) pratyAkhyAna-ayogya ke tyAgakA niyama lenA,vrata paalnaa| (21) kAyotsarga--eka niyata kAla ke liye deha se mamatva tyAga kara khar3e honaa| (22) kezaloMca-niyata kAla me upavAsa pUrvaka apane hAtha se vAlo kA ukhaadd'naa| (23) acelaka-vastrAdi se zarIra nahIM ddhknaa| (24) asnAna-snAna-aJjanAdi kA tyAga krnaa| (25) kSitizayana--zuddha ekAnta sthAna meM eka karavaTa se lettnaa| (26) adantadhAvana - datauna Adi nahIM karanA / (27) sthita bhojana-apanI aMjalI me samapAda khar3e hokara bhojana karanA, aura (28) eka bhakta- sUrya ke udaya aura astakAla kI tIna ghar3I samaya chor3akara eka bAra bhojana karanA / upayukta aTThAIsa mUla gaNoM ko pAlanA eka sAdhu ke liye anivArya hai| sAdhu adhyAtmavAda kA sAdhaka hai-use sAdhanA dvArA apane gapta Atmavaibhava ko prakAzita karanA hai| hIre kI kImata sAna para car3ha jAne ke bAda hI aMkatI hai-tabhI usameM camaka AtI hai| sAdhu bhI sAdhanA dvArA camakatA hai aura loka pUjya

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( 62 ) banatA hai| yogirAT mahAvIra se yaha satya chipA nahIM thaa| dIkSA lete hI unhoMne DhAI dina ke liye anazana vrata grahaNa kiyA thA-vaha eka dama dhyAna meM lIna ho gaye the| isa upavAsa kI parisamApti para vaha uThe the aura kalya pura (kollaga sanniveza) me pAraNa ke liye padhAre the| vahA~ke jJAtaka kulanAyakane tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ko vidhi pUrvaka par3agAhakara kSIrAdi uttama AhAra pradAna kiyA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA yaha pahalA pAraNA thaa| ___kuMDalapura se bhagavAn mahAvIra dazapura gaye the| kulanAyakanRpa ne vahA~ bhI jAkara bhagavAna ko dUdha aura cAMvala kA mIThA AhAra diyA thaa| vaha bhagavAna ke ananya bhakta the| unake rAjasI jIvana kI sukumAratA se unheM paricaya hogA / vaha nahIM cAhate the ki yuvaka yogirATa ko kisI taraha kA kaSTa ho / yahI vaha moha hai, jisase yuvaka mahAvIra para pahuMca cuke the / to bhI paramotkRSTa pAtra ko dAna dekara usa napa ne mahatI puNya saMcita kiyaa| usake ghara para devoM kI duMdubhi bajI aura paMcAzcarya huye| uparAnta bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nirjana aura durUha vanoM me 1. digambara jaina zAstroM meM palagrAma ke rAjA kulanapa ke yahAM bhagavAn kA prathama pAraNA huA likhA hai| ( u0 pu0 pR0 61) prayot rAjA aura nagara kA nAma eka hI hai| 'nAyakhaMdavana' jahA~ bhagavAna ne dIkSA lI thI, kollaga sanniveza ke prati nikaTa thA aura koThaga kA apara nAma 'nAyakula' grAma bhI thaa| ( sai0, mA0 2 khaMda 110 46) prataH digambara zAstroM kA kulaprAma yaha koljaga athavA 'nAyakula grAma' hI pratIta hotA hai, nahIM jAtika vaMza ke kSatriya rahate the| digambarAcArya ne vahA~ ke jJAtikavaMzI nAyaka kA ullekha 'kubanapa' rUpa se ThIka hI kiyA hai, kyoMki vaha bhagavAn ke kula kA hI rAmA thaa|

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( 63 ) vihAra karake yoga sAdhanA kI thii| vaha tIna dina se jyAdA eka sthAna para nahIM Thaharate the| haoN, varSA Rtu ko vitAne ke liye vaha cAra mahIne eka sthAna para Thahara kara avazya vitAte the| yogacaryA aura tapasyA meM unhoMne bAraha varSa vyatIta kiye the-bAraha varSa taka vaha chadmastha rahe the| isaliye hI vaha upadeza nahIM dete the-sauna rahate the| isa bAraha varSa kI tapasyA meM unhoMne bAraha cAturmAsa vibhinna sthAnoM para rahakara vyatIta kiye the| digambara jaina zAstroM meM unake nAma nahIM milte| haoN, zvetAmbarIya 'kalpasatra' me likhA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne pahalA cAturmAsa asthigrAma meM vyatIta kiyA thA / uparAnta unhoMne kramaza nAlandA, caMpApurI, pRSThacaMpA, bhaddIyA, AlabhikA, rAjagRha, lADha, zrAvastI, vizAlA aura campApura meM cAturmAsa mAr3he the| asthigrAma kA apara nAma varddhamAna bhI kahA gayA hai aura vaha Aja kala vaMgAla prAnta meM milatA hai| bha0 varddhamAna ke prathama varSA kA sthAna asthigrAma unake saMsarga meM Akara ke unake nAma se hI prasiddha ho gayA-yaha satya ghaTanA bha0 mahAvIra ke prabhAva ko svayaM vyakta karatI hai / nAlandA vihAra prAnta me eka mukhya nagara thaa| Ajakala jainI jisa sthAna ko kuMDalapara (bar3AgAva) kahakara pUjate haiM vaha mUlata nAlandA hI hai| purAtatva vibhAga ne vahIM pAsa meM nAlandA ke khaMDaharoM ko khoda nikAlA hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne jaba vahA~ para apanA dUsarA caumAsA vitAyA thA, tava vaha eka bar3A nagara thA / nAlandA se yogirAT mahAvIra campApurI pahu~ce jo aGgadeza kI rAjadhAnI thii| vartamAna bhAgalapura se pUrva kI ora 24 mIla kI dUrI para pathara ghATa ke pAsa Aja bhI campApura nAmaka eka grAma basA huA hai| yahIM para prAcIna campA ne yuvaka yogirAT mahAvIra kA svAgata kiyA thA / paSThacampA aura bhaddIyA bhI usI ke Asa pAsa anamAna kI

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( 64 ) jA sakatI hai| AlabhikA Aja kala airavA kahA jAtA hai / jo iTAvA se uttara pUrva meM sattAIsa mIla dUra anumAna kiyA gayA hai / kintu rAjagRha Aja bhI apane prAcIna nAma se prasiddha hai aura bihAra prAnta kA eka mukhya tIrtha hai / vahAM se bha0 mahAvIra lAr3hadeza ko prasthAna kara gaye the aura vahIM para unhoMne vaha caumAsA vitAyA thA / prAcIna samaya ke Arya dezoM me lAr3ha bhI eka thA, parantu jisa samaya bha0 mahAvIra vahAM pahu~ce the, usa samaya vahA~ anArya loga base hue the| bhArata meM usa samaya Arya aura anAryoM kI bhI eka vikaTa samasyA thI / isa kAraNa lAr3ha ke anAryoM ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prati atyanta kaThora bartAva kiyA thA / apane zikArI kuttoM ko una para chor3A thA aura jitane bhI zArIrika kaSTa vaha pahu~cA sakate the pahu~cAye the, parantu bhagavAn ne unako samabhAva se sahana kiyA thA - vaha yogapatha se jarA bhI vicalita nahIM huye the- una kaSToM se unakI AtmA kA utkarSa huA thA / lAr3hadeza kI rAjadhAnI koTivarSa Aja taka baMgAla ke dInAjapura jile kA vANagar3ha batAyA jAtA hai / yahI nahIM kintu lAr3ha deza meM caumAsA mAr3hakara bha0 mahAvIra ne mauna anuSThAna dvArA Arya-anArya saMgharSa kA anta kiyA thA / yogirAT mahAvIra ke sammukha hiMsaka upAyoM ko nirarthaka huA dekha kara ve anArya ahiMsA ke mahatva ko anAyAsa samajha gaye aura ahiMsA ke bhakta bane / uparAnta vahA~ se bhagavAn bhramaNa karate huye agalA cAturmAsa vitAne ke liye zrAvaratI pahueNce saMyuktaprAnta ke gorakhapura jile kA saheTha maheTha grAma vaha prAcIna zrAvastI hai, jo prabhu mahAvIra kI pAdaraja se pavitra ho cukI hai| zrAvastI ke pazcAt bha0 mahAvIra kA caumAsA zvetAmvarIya matAnusAra unake mAtulanagara vizAlA meM huA aura vahA~ se vaha apanA bArahavA~ caumAsA vitAne phira campApura meM A virAje the /

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isa bhramaNa meM bha. mahAvIra eka daphA kauzAmbI bhI padhAre the| kauzAmbI me mauna bhASA me, kevala apane Adarza kArya dvArA apanA patita pAvana rUpa prakaTa kiyA thaa| unhoMne vahA~ satI candanA kA uddhAra kiyA thaa| candanA vaizAlI ke pramukha rAjA ceTaka kI sarvalaghu putrI thii| sundara sukumAra unakA rUpa thaa| rAjodyAna meM vaha eka daphA ghUma rahI thI / eka vidyAdhara ne unheM dekhA-candanA ke rUpa ne use kAma picAza banA diyaa| vaha candanA ko uThAkara le bhAgA / pRthvI para hotI to eka bAta thI-vidyAdhara candanA ko lie AkAza meM ur3A jA rahA thaa| becArI kyA karatI ? hA, apane dharma para dRr3ha thI vaha / vidyAdhara usakA kucha vigAr3a ki isake pahale hI usakI vidyAdharI A gii| vaha Dara gyaa| usane candanA ko bana meM akelA chor3a diyA / bhIru pAmara aura karahI kyA sakate haiM ? zaktidhara ke sAmane unakA dussAhasa kAphUra ho jAtA hai| zokAtura candanA ko usa samaya eka bhIla ne sAntvanA dI aura use vaha apane saradAra ke pAsa le gyaa| vecArI khAI se nikalakara khaMdaka me pdd'ii| vaha duSTa bhIla candanA ko bahu trAsa dene lagA paraMtu candanA apane zIla dharma para aTala rhii| bhIlane nirAza hokara candanA ko eka vyApArI ke hAtha beca diyA / vyApArI candanA ko kauzAmbI meM lAyA aura caurAhe para khar3e hokara solatola karane lagA Aha / kaisA vIbhatsa hogA dRzya vaha ? logoM kI mAnavatA usa samaya pazutA me palaTI huI thii| parantu vicArI candanA kyA karatI ? karmavipAka samajha kara vaha saba-kucha sahana kara rahI thii| vaha jamAnA hI aisA thA ! triyoM kA koI mUlya na thA! kintu candanA ko yaha mAlUma na thA ki usake du.khoM kA anta nikaTa hai| vaha apane dukhapAza hI nahIM kATegI balki strI jagata ke dukhoM kA anta kregii| vaSamasena seTha ne use dekhaa|

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( 6 ) unhe bhAsa huA, traha musIbata meM bar3I huI koI sambhrAnta kula kI lalanA hai / dayAvAna seTha ne vyApArI ko muMha mAMge dAma dekara candanA kI rakSA kI / vaha use apane ghara lAyA aura putrIvat usakA lAlana-pAlana karane lagA / candanA-sI sundarI para seTha naisargika prema kareM, yaha usakI seThAnI ko kharA ' usake vAsanA maya hRdaya ne usa pavitra prema me durgaMdhi ko sUMghA / strI kA hRdaya use kaise baradAzta karatA ? seThAnI ne candanA ko bandhana me DAla diyA ! daiva durvipAka ne apanA pracaNDa rUpa dikhAyA | candanA cupa-sI use sahana karatI thI / Akhira isa ati' kA bhI anta huA ! bhagavAn mahAvIra kauzAmbI kI galiyoM meM pAraNa ke liye IryApatha se ghUma rahe the / vaha bar3I aTapaTI 'Akhar3I' karake cAye the / unhoMne niyama kiyA thA ki muMDasira aura vadhana yukta yuvatI sUpa meM rakhakara yadi AhAra detI milegI to vaha usa roja AhAra leMge / bhalA yaha kahA~ kaise sulabha hotA ? dehalI para khar3I eka paira Age bar3hAye huye rAjakumArI dAsI ke rUpa meM par3agAve una tapodhana ko, to vaha AhAra le / yaha kaThora zrabhigraha kiyA thA / yogirATa. mahAvIra ne rksa zatru kI zakti kA zranta karane ke liye / antarAya karma vicArA unake tapateja ke sAmane kyA ThaharatA ? kumArI candanA ne naipathya meM sunI 'bhaH mahAvIra kI jaya " vaha utsukatA kI mUrti banI dvArapara A khar3I huI hAtha meM unake nRpa thA, jisameM purAne koDoM ke dAne rakme the| dAsI ko khAne ke liye aura milatA bhI kyA ? dehalI para khar3I huI candranA ne bha0 mahAvIra ko bhara naina Desa kara apane bhAgya ko sarAhA aura mastaka navAvA | dUsare nA usane devA. bhagavAna usa kI ora zrA rahe haiN| vaha bhI bhakti pikala ho gaI-bhUla gaI apanI asamarthatA ! zranAyAsa hI nepAliyA bhagavAn ko / nirantarAya AhAra huA /

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(67) puNya prabhAva se kodoM ke dAne khIra ho gaye haiN| devoMne paMcAzcarya varSA kara harSa jtaayaa| logoM ne kahA, 'dhanya haiM patita pAvana bhagavAna mahAvIra jinhoMne pada dalita kumArI kA uddhAra kiyaa| dhanya hai, seTha vRSabhasena jinhoMne dAsI candanA ko Azraya diyaa|" brAhmaNoM ke prabhutva meM davA huA samAja parAye ghara meM valAtkAra rakkhI gaI kumArI ko kaise Azraya detA ? parantu dayAvAna the seTha vRSabhasena / unhoMne samAja kI paravAha nahIM kI-lokamUr3hatA meM vaha nahIM vahe / candanA kI unhoMne rakSA kI aura vizvoddhAraka mahAvIra ne apane mUka Adarza karma dvArA una ke satkarma me cAra cA~da lagA diye | dhanya the patitoddhAraka prabhU / kauzAmbI me bar3e-bar3e seTha sAhUkAra unake Atithya ke liye lAlAyita netro se dekhate rahe; parantu bhagavAn to loka kalyANa ke liye yogI huye the| unhoMne apane udAharaNa se loka ko yaha pATha paDhAyA ki vaha patita se ghaNA na kare / jo apanI kamajorI se athavA valAt dharmapada se cyata huA hai use punaH usa pada para sthApita karanA manuSya kA mukhya karttavya hai| mAnava mAnava me koI antara nahIM hai / mAnava ko krItadAsa banAkara rakhanA mAnavatA nahIM hai / saba hI mAnava svAdhIna haiN| kauzAmbI bhara me bhagavAn ke isa Adarza kArya kI dhUma maca gaI / rAnI mRgAvatI ne bhI vaha sunA / vaha mahAbhAga candanA ko dekhane AI, bandhana meM par3I dAsI kA yaha saubhAgya / vaha loka ke liye IrSyA kI vastu thI, kyoMki loka to use dAsIvat hI jAnatA thaa| bha0 mahAvIra ko loka kA yaha burA vyavahAra akharA-yaha & 'so vaha taka kodavana coda, tadula khIra bhayo anumoda / mATI pAtra hemamaya soya, dharama tanaiM phala kahA na hoya // 36 // -zrI varddhamAna purANa,

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(68) to mAnava ko dAnava banAne vAlA thA! valAt kisIko jIvanabhara ke liye dAsa banAkara rakhanA mAnavatA nahIM, balki kara pAzavikatA hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne muMha se nahIM balki apane karma se candanA kA uddhAra karake dAsa prathA kA anta karane kA Adaze upasthita kiyaa| jaba rAnI mRgAvatI ne use dekhA to vaha apanI oNkhoM para vizvAsa na kara skii| vaha to usakI choTI bahana thii| usakI prasannatA kA vArapAra na thaa| vaha candanA ko rAja mahala le gii| candanA ne apane uddhAra para saMtoSa kI sAsa lI jarUra, parantu usane netra pasAra kara dekhA, duniyA me usasI dukhiyA bahuta haiM / kAza bha. mahAvIra savakA uddhAra kreN| vaha usa dina kI pratIkSA meM rhii| yaha to eka udAharaNa hai| apane bhramaNa meM yogirAT mahAvIra ne apane mauna aura zAta rUpa me na jAne kina 2 jIvoM kA udvAra kiyA thaa| asthigrAma me jaba unhoMne pahalA causAsA mAdA to vahA~ kA kra ra yakSa unake sahanazIla zAMta rUpa se prabhAvita hokara apanI ratA kho baitthaa| asthipAsa nivAsiyoM kA saMkaTa svayameva dUra ho gayA / aba bana unhe nahIM satAtA thA / zvetAmbI nagarI ke nikaTa eka dRSTivipa sape ko zAnta banAkara unhoMne logoM ko abhaya banAyA thaa| jaba vaha eka daphA gaMgAnadI kI retI ko pavitra karate huye jA rahe the, taba unake pada cinhoM ko puSpa nAmaka eka jyotiSI ne dekha kara samajhA thA ki koI cakravartI vahA~ se gayA hai| vaha Age bar3hA aura dekhA ki eka azoka vRkSa ke nIce prabhU mahAvIra kAyotsarga khar3e huye haiN| unake mastaka para mukuTa cinha aura bhujAoM meM cakra cihna usane dekhe / jyotipI avAka rahA socane lagA ki 'yaha Azcarya hai-'cakravartI ke lakSaNoM se yukta yaha puspa bhikSuka hai | kyA sAmudrika zAstra jhaThA hai ? kintu zve

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( haha ) tAmvarIya jaina zAstra me Age likhA hai ki indra ne usa jyotiSI kI dvividhA dUra kI aura kahA - "zAstrame zaGkA kyoM karate ho ? tuma to abhI ina bhikSurAT ke vAhya lakSaNoM ko hI jAnate ho - unake antarlakSaNo se aparicita ho / ina prabhu kA mAMsa aura rudhira dUdha ke samAna ujjvala aura sapheda hai / inake mukha kamala kA zvAsa kamala kI khuzabU ke samAna sugandhita hai / inakA zarIra nirogI aura mala - svedAdi rahita aparva hai / ye tInoM loka ke svAmI, dharmacakrI vizva ke Azraya dAtA rAjA siddhArtha ke putra mahAvIra hai | indra - narendra sabhI inake sevaka haiM / inake sammukha cakravartI kisa ginatI me haiM ? zAstra me kahe lakSaNa ThIka hai / tuma zaMkA na karo !' jyotiSI prasanna huA indra ne use icchita phala diyA / nissandeha yaha bhagavAn mahAvIra kI yoga sAdhanA kA prabhAva thA ki yadyapi vaha mauna rahate the - kisI ko upadeza nahIM dete the, phira bhI apane vyaktitva se loka ko prabhAvita karate the-use ahiMsA aura satya ke darzana karAte the / satyaniSThA aura yogAcArya kA prabhAva kAryakArI hotA hI hai / bha0 mahAvIra ke chadmastha jIvana me hameM usakI pUrNatA ke darzana hote hai / dhanya the mahAvIra yogirAT /

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(11) vividha upsrg:vijy| niraparAdha nira mahAmuni tinako duSTa loga mitra mAra; koI khaica khambha se bAMdhe, koI pAvaka meM prjaaeN| tahAM kopa nahIM kareM, kadAcita pUrva karma vicAra, samaratha hoya saheM badha bandhana, te guru sadA sahAya hamAre // -kavivara bhadharadAsa jI, pravRtti aura nitti jIvanotkarSa ke do mArga haiM / pravRtti se manuSya kI sasAra-sthiti bar3hatI hai-zubhAzubha karmoM kA bandha usameM hotA hai| kintu sAdhAraNa manuSya usakA sahArA lekara nivRtti mArga kI ora bar3hatA hai| nirvatti me kamAM kI nirjarA hai--sasAra kI kamajoriyoM ko jIta kara usa para vijaya pAne kA suavasara hai| parantu yaha mArga hai pragaTata kaThina aura duSkara / sAdhAraNa manuSya vAsanA kA tyAgI eka dama nahIM ho jAtA-use apanI pravRtti nIrasa dharmamayI banAnI par3atI hai, tabhI vaha nitti mArga kA paryaTaka banatA hai| pAThaka par3ha cake haiM ki bha0 mahAvIra ne apane pahale kaI bhavoM se pravRtti ko sudhAranA prArambha kara diyA thaa| apanI kaumArAvasthA meM hI unhoMne zrAvakoM ke vratoM kA abhyAsa kiyA thaa| vaha sAhasI vIra the-bharI javAnI meM muni huye aura nitti mArga meM sAdhanAyeM karane lge| vaha jAnate the ki jaba taka manuSya pUrNatA ko prApta nahIM hotA-kRta kRtva nahIM ho jAtA taba taka na vaha apanA bhalA kara pAtA hai aura na dUsaroM kA / AtmA jitane aMzoM meM apane svabhAva ko prApta karatA hai, utanA

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L hI vaha pUrNatA kI ora ghar3hatA hai - vaha parama pada ke nikaTa pahu~catA hai / taba vaha utanA adhika hI loka hitakara / jAtA hai / jo svayaM malina hai - jisako antaHkaraNa svaccha nahIM hai, vaha bhalA dUsare ko kaise zuddha aura pavitra mana banA sakatA hai ? koyale se dUsarA koyalA ujvala nahIM ho jAtA ! isI liye bha0 mahAvIra sAdhanA me lIna hokara jIvana ke saba hI pahanaoM kA pratyakSa anubhava prApta kara rahe the / vaha apanI AtmA ko pUrNa - sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI dekhanA cAhate the, kyoMki unake sammukha loka kalyANa kA mahatI 'mizana' thaa| vaha mUka bhASA se nivRtti kI upAsanA kara rahe the aura samabhAvoM se prakRti kI rItiyoM kA acche bure vyavahAra kA anubhava kara raheM the / jaina zAstroM meM bhaH sahAvIra kI dRr3ha aura cAritra nirmalatA kI dyotaka kitanI ho vaTanAoM kA upasargoM kA varNana hai / pAThaka, unameM se kucha ko Age par3hiye aura dekhiye, nivRtti mArga me kisa sahana zIlatA aura sAhasa se Age kadama bar3hAyA jAtA hai ! eka samaya vihAra karate huye bhagavAn ujjayanI nagarI me pahu~ce aura vahAM ke pratimuktaka nAmaka smazAnabhUmi me rAtri ke samaya pratimAyoga dhAraNa karake khar3e ho gaye / usa samaya ujjayanI pazubali prathA kA kendra bana rahI thI mahAkAla kI pUjA vahA~ hotI thI / bhava nAmaka rudra puruSa vahA~ AyA- bhagavAn kA zAnti svarUpa usI taraha use asahya huA jisa taraha agni ko jala ! pUrva baira ke saMskAra usake hRdaya me rAkha se Dhake huye aMgAre kI taraha dhadhaka rahe the / vAhya nimitta kI havA lagate hI vaha prajvalita ho gaye / rudra aneka vidyAoM kA jAnakAra thA - usane yogirAT mahAvIra ko kaSTa dene ke lie kisI vidyA ko uThA na rakkhA / sAdhAraNa manuSya usake krUra kopake sAmane Tika nahIM sakatA

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( 102 ) thA, parantu dhIravIra sahAvIra nAnI the- unakA mohanIya karma kSINa ho rahA thA-hRdaya meM unake viveka thA-samatArasa se vaha ota prota thA / usa upasarga kA-una kaThora prahAroM kA una para kucha bhI asara na huaa| mohanIya karma ko kSINatA ke kAraNa vedanIya bhI nisteja ho gyaa| sAdhAraNa manuSya kI vimugdha dRSTi uname atula AtmavedanA kA anubhava karatI parantu mahAvIra to vijayI vIra kI taraha yoga mArga meM Age bar3ha rahe the zArIrika kaSTa aura pralobhana unake nikaTa nagaNya the / bhava rudra ne unakI nispahatA aura samatA dekhii| vaha avAka ho raha gyaa| usakI krUratA kAphara ho gaI ! vaha bhagavAn ke caraNoM me natamastaka huA aura unako 'ativIra' kahakara usane jayaghoSa kiyA ! ahiMsA kA mahatva usane hRdayaMgama kara liyA / pazuoM ko bali car3hAne kI krUratA aura nissAratA usako jaMca gaI loka ne bhI tava apanI galatI dekhI! nitsandeha bha0 mahAvIra para isa samaya bar3e 2 daihika upasarga Aye the-ve upasarga itane bhayaGkara the ki jinakA varNana par3hate hI hamAre roMgaTe khar3e ho jAte aura dila kaoNpane lagatA hai| kintu bhagavAna ke utkaTa Atmavala ke sAmane ve upasarga usI taraha phIke par3a gaye the, jisa taraha sUrya kA prakAza hone para candra-vimba phIkA par3a jAtA hai / bhagavAna ke ananta teja aura prabhA ke sammukha ve upasargahInaprabha ho gaye / ulTe unakI pratikriyA meM bhagavAn kA Atmateja aura adhika prakAzamAna huA thaa| di0 jaina zAstroM meM upayukta upasarga kA hI ullekha hai, parantu zvetAmvarIya zAstroM me aura bhI kaI upasargoM kA varNana milatA hai| bhagavAn kI yogavidhAyaka nirmalatA aura cAritravarddhaka dRr3hatA ke darzana karAne ke lie, pAThaka unameM se kucha kA hAla Age pddh'iye|

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( 103 ) eka vAra dIkSA grahaNa karake bha0 sahAvIra kumAra grAma ke nikaTa Aye aura nAsAgradRSTi lagA, hAtha laMbe kara donoM pairoM ke bIca me cAra agula kI dUrI rakhakara kAyotsarga mudrA mAr3ha kare dhyAna me acala ho gaye / vahA~ pAsa hI meM eka kheta thA / kisAna use jota rahA thaa| zAma huI to use apanI gAya-bhaiMse dUhane ke lie ghara jAnA paDA / vaha apane bailoM ko dhyAnamagna prabhu mahAvIra ke pAsa chor3a gayA / kisAna ne ghara ko pITha pherI, udhara bailoM ko AjAdI milI / ve jaMgala me jidhara ko mu~ha uThA cale gaye; kyoMki prabhU to kAyotsarga vrata lie khar3e the-- unakI antardRSTi thI / vaha bAhara kI kisI vastu ko kaise dekhate 1 AtmasvarUpa-spandana kI antardhvani me bAhara kI AvAja kaise sunate ? duniyA ke kAranAmoM se vaha nirlipta the--trItarAga the / kisAna lauTA - usane apane vaila vahAM nahIM pAye / usane prabhU se pUchA, para koI uttara na pAyA / vaha jaMgaloM me khojane lagA / rAtabhara bhaTakatA phirA, para use vailoM kA patA na calA / thakA sAMdA pau phaTatI dekhakara vaha apane kheta para lauttaa| vahAM kyA dekhatA hai ki bha0 mahAvIra vaise hI dhyAnalIna khar3e haiM aura unake caraNoM me baila baiThe huye haiM / vailoM ke milane kI prasannatA usake zrama ne kAphUra kara dI ! Akula vyAkula vaha baukhalA gayA - krodha ko vaha roka na sakA / usane bhramavaza samajhA ki yaha sAdhuvepI pAkhaMDI hai - isane mujhase chala kiyA hai-- ise dambha kA majA cakhAUM ! jo usane socA vaha kara dikhAyA ! prabhU vIra para usane manamAnA upasarga kiyA ! indra ne yaha anyAya dekhA; vaha vahAM AyA aura kisAna se bolA, "re mUrkha ! tU yaha kyA kara rahA hai ? kyA tU jAnatA nahIM ki yaha mahAtmA rAjapiM varddhamAna haiN| ye apanA hI rAjya - aizvarya, dhana-dhAnya, saba kucha chor3a cuke haiN| taba tere bailoM kA yaha w

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( 104 ) kyA karate ?" kisAna indra kI bAta sunakara santuSTa huA aura pazcAtApa karatA huA apane ghara gayA / yaha ghaTanA prabhU mahA. vIra kI ekAnta priyatA aura AtmaniSTA ko vyakta karatI hai| vaha aise ekAnta sthAnoM meM jAkara jJAna-dhyAna kA abhyAsa karate the, jahA unheM koI jAnatA bhI na thA aura vahA ajJAta kaThinAiyoM ko samabhAvoM se sahana karate the| vaha yaha DhiMDhorA nahIM pITate the ki maiM eka rAjaputra hUM aura aba varmacakravartI nanane jA rahA huuN| ekAnta mauna me rame rahakara hI unhoMne usa mahata pada ko pAyA thA / pAThaka, eka aura kathAnaka par3hiye aura dekhiye bhagavAn kI kAmajayI zakti ko kAma vAsanA kA prakopa ati sUkSma hotA hai-ratibhAva kA AlhAda manuSya hRdaya meM hara samaya advai jAgata avasthA meM chupA rahatA hai-nimitta milate hI vaha bhar3akatA hai, aura vAsanA kA zikAra banatA hai| bar3e 2 yogI kAmazaroM se vidha jAte haiM, parantu kAmajetA mahAvIra isa parIkSA meM bhI uttIrNa huye the| devottara manorama kAnana meM bhagavAn ne ekadaphA dhyAna mAr3hA thA / vasanta yauvana zrI para thAnava vikasita pallava parAga se sugadhita samIraNa vaha rahA thaa| prakRti Ananda rUpa dhAraNa kiye huye thii| parantu yogirAT mahAvIra apane Atma-kAnana kI hI saira kara rahe the| unheM vAhya jagata se prayojana na thA-unakA dhyeya thA pUrNa vanakara loka kA kalyANa karanA ! usa dhyeya se apanI dRSTi vaha kaise haTAte ? devAGganAoM ne unakA sukumAra sundara rUpa dekhA-unheM Azcarya huA, sAkSAt kAmadeva meM rati kA abhAva kaisA ? dUsare kSaNa unhoMne nizcaya kiyA, 'parIkSA leM / ' ve saba kI sava vahA AI aura gIta-nRtya karane lgiiN| ve apane zUgAra se, hAvabhAva se aura komala sparza se unako romAcita karanA cAhatI thiiN|

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( 12 ) kevalajJAnotpatti aura dharmacakra pravartana ! sAmrAjya-pada- zAline / dharma tIrthaM pravartine // "zrImate kevalajJAna namo vRtAya mavyodhai -zrI sakala kIti' vAraha varSa kI kaThina tapasyA aura ghora yogacaryA ke pazcAt bhagavAn mahAvIra barddhamAna ko kevalajJAna kI prApti huI vaha sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI jIvanmukta paramAtmA huye | aba tIrthakara prakRti kA pUrNa vikAsa unake mahAn vyaktitva meM huA loka ke lie yaha avasara apUrva aura mahatvazAlI thA / jJAna-sUrya kA udaya kyoM na loka ke liye hitakara ho ? isaliye Aiye, pAThaka, pahale jJAnasUrya mahAvIra varddhamAna ko namaskAra kara lIjiye / kAza vizuddha dhyAna aura jJAna ke darzana hamako aura sabako hA~ ! duniyAM kA adhakAra prakAza se dUra hotA hai / manuSya jIvana me ajJAna andhakAra hai-jJAna prakAza hai / mAnava hRdaya jJAnAmRta kA pyAsA hai / vaha jAnatA hai ki duniyA meM icchita padArtha aura saccA sukha yathArtha jJAna se hI milatA hai-usa jJAna ke abhAva meM duniyA usI taraha timirAcchanna loka meM bhaTakatI hai jisa taraha netrahIna puruSa bhaTakatA hai| duniyA meM Aja aura isase pahale mahatvAkAkSA aura dhana pAne kI tRSNA ke dukha, hiMsA kA prakANDa tANDava aura parAvalamvitA ke bhayaMkara dRzya dikhAI par3e haiM, ve kevala eka ajJAna ke kAraNa hI / isa sadjJAna ke abhAva meM manuSya manuSya para julma DhAtA hai - prANI para prANI ke prANoM ko nirdayatA se masala DAlatA hai / bha0 *

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( 187 ) mahAvIra ne jAna liyA thA ki ajJAna hI manuSya jAti kA parama zatru hai / aura isIlie vaha usako naSTa karake pUrNa jJAna prApta karane ke lie yogI bane the| bAraha varSa kI ghora tapasyA ke pazcAt bhagavAn eka dina vihAra prAnta ke jammakagrAma ke nikaTa A nikle| vahAM RjakulA nadI bahatI thI aura manohara vanarAzi aparva lahalahAtI thii| RturAja ne pratyeka dizA aura kSetra me navajIvana, navajAgRti aura navajyoti kI Ananda vibhUtiyA~ bikhera dI thiiN| vaha vaizAkha zulA dazamI kI puNyamaI tithi thii| bhagavAn vahA SaSThopavAsa (belA ) mADhakara eka saghana sAla-vakSa ke mUla me manorama ratnazilA para virAjamAna the| unhoMne apUrva dhyAna mADhA thaa| vaha dhyAna jisame nirantara aparva-apUrva aura prati kSaNa zuddhatara aura zuklatara pariNAma hote jAte haiN| unhoMne aThAraha hajAra zIla-prataroM se veSTita bakhtara pahanA, caurAsI lAkha guNoM se bhUSita mahAvratAdi bhAvanAstra saMbhAle, savega rUpI gajarAja para vaha savAra huye aura cAritra rUpI yuddha bhUmi me jA DaTe ! ratnatraya dharma rUpI mahAvANoM ko unhoMne tapa rUpI dhanuSa para car3hAyA! yaha dekha gupti-samiti-rUpa senA harSonmAda me 'mahAvIra' kA jayaghoSa karane lagI ! isa prakAra mahAvIra varddhamAna karmazatraoM ko parAsta karane ke lie udyamI huye / unakA mahAn parAkrama thA vaha ! dharma dhyAna ke apAyavicayAdi staMbhoM kA prayoga vaha pahale hI kara cuke the-moha zatra kSINa ho calA thaa| zukladhyAna rUpI caudhAre ajeya astra ke samakSa vaha TikA nahIM / mohanIya ke bhAgate hI darzanAvaraNa jJAnAvaraNa, aura antarAya karma bhI apane subhaToM ko lekara bhAga khar3e huye / bha0 varddhamAna mahAvIra kI mahAn vijaya huI, unheM kevala jJAnalakSmI ne varA-anupama, asIma aura ananta thI vaha / usakA

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( 18 ) prakAza sahavAdhika sUryaprakAza ko bhI lajita karatA thA! loka ne isa lokottara vijaya para Anandotsava manAyA! svarga ke devatA aura naraloka ke narapati trilokInAtha jinendra mahAvIra ke darzana karane ko umar3a aaye| vaha avasara hI thA alaukika ! jambhaka grAma kA saubhAgya camaka uThA!x nissandeha kevalajJAna prApta karanA athavA sarvajJa honA manuSya jIvana meM eka anupama aura advitIya ghaTanA hai / usa ghaTanA ke mahatva ko sAmAnya vRddhi zAyada na bhI samame, paraMtu jo vivekI hai - tatvadarzI haiM, ve usake mUlya ko ThIka kita hai ! duniyA~ ko vastusthiti kA pratyakSa jJAtA-dRSTA, manuSya hI nahIM, prANIjagata ke trikAlavI anabhavoM aura jIvana kI gatividhiyoM kA jAnakAra aura sarvopari mAnavI aihika aura pAralaukika jIvana ko svarNa jIvana meM pariNata karA dene vAlA pathapradarzaka milanA mahAn saubhAgya kA phala hai| isakA artha hotA hai, duniyA meM jJAna prakAza kA sAmrAjya phailanA aura sukha___xdi.jaina zAkhoM meM janmakagrAma magaghadeza ke antargata batAyA hai| ughara khetAmbara baina zAstra use vA, deza meM sthira karate haiN| bAta deza kA vaha bajnamami bhAga jahA~ bukUjA ke taTa para bhagavAn ko kevalajJAna kI prApti huI, vartamAna ke vidyAra-proDIyA pAnta ke antargata hai| vartamAna khoja se vaha sthAna sammeda zikhara se 25.30 mIla dUra vartamAna ke nariyA nagara ke nikaTa honA anumAnita kiyA gayA hai| hariyA janmaka hai aura vArAkara nadI RjakUjA nadI hai- yaha vAta puSTa sAnI se pramANita honA cAhiye / mhariyA ke prAmapAla ke purAtatva kI khona dvArA kevavajJAna sthAna nirNIta honA caahiye| musbimakAja meM bainI usa sthAna ko yAtrA karate the, aise ullekha miTe haiN| para usakA ThIka patA gAnA mAvazyaka hai| -

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( 106 ) zAnti kI vidya ta dhArA kA baha jAnA ! jaina zAstra batAte haiM ki jaba bha. mahAvIra kevalajJAnI huye to sAre loka meM apUrva prakAza phailA thA aura sAre hI jIva sukhI huye the| unake tejasa zarIra kI vargaNAoM se vaha zAnta-zItala aura madhura zaktidhArA vahI thI jo vidyutadhArA se bhI sakSma aura vyApaka thI! aura thI 'AtmAlhAda kI paraka | Akhira jJAtrika mahAvIra mahAn udyoga ke pazcAt hI to tIrthaGkara pada ke adhikArI huye theunake roma roma se darzana-jJAna-sukha-zAnti zakti kI acintya puNya varSA hotI thii| ve the usa samaya ananta darzana, ananta jJAna ananta sukha, aura ananta vIrya ke jIvita prabhA-puJja ! ve the usa samaya ke manuSyoM meM sarvotkRSTa, prabhAvazAlI, aura sacce mokSamArga ke upadeSTA 11 loka ne unake netRtva meM AtmasvAtaMtrya pAne kA sIdhA aura saccA rAstA dekhA thA-' aihika paripUrNatA kA yathArtha darzana pAyA thA aura sIkhA thA 'vasudhaivakuTambakam' kA suvarNa-siddhAnta ! bauddhoM ke 'aGgattara nikAya nAmaka grantha me likhA hai ki nigrantha jJAtaputra mahAvIra sarvajJAtA aura sarvadarzI the| unakI sarvajJatA ananta thI / vaha hamAre calate, vaiThate, sote, jAgate hara samaya sarvajJa the|2 'majhimanikAya' meM ullekha hai3 ki jJAtaputra mahAvIra sarvajJa haiM- vaha jAnate haiM ki kisa kisa ne kisa prakAra kA pApa kiyA hai aura kisane nahIM kiyA hai| 'dIghanikAya' meM likhA hai ki bha0 mahAvIra jJAtapatra saMgha ke AcArya, darzana zAstra ke praNetA. gaNAgraNI bahu prakhyAta, tatvavetA rUpa meM prasiddha, janatA dvArA 1. jaisU0 2 / 287-6. 2. aMni0 // 220 3. mani0 1214-28

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( 110 ) sammAnita, anubhavazIla aura vaya-prApta sAdhu the 19 'saMyuttanikAya' grantha meM spaSTa ullekha hai ki janatA meM unakI vizeSa mAnyatA thI 2 jainiyoM ke pratidvandI bauddha granthoM meM upayukta prakAra tIrthakara mahAvIra kA varNana milanA, unake mahAn vyaktitva ke gaurava ko hI pramANita karatA hai / sarvajJa hote hI janatA ne pratyakSa anabhava kiyA ki loka kA Azraya aura trANa tIrthakara mahAvIra meM kendrIbhUta hai| manuSya hI nahIM, devoM ke hRdaya bhI prasanna ho gye| bhakti pradarzana ke lie ve jambhaka grAma me daur3e aaye| devoM aura manaSyoM ne khuva utsava mnaayaa| indra ne mAno tyAga dharma kA mahatva pragaTa karane ke lie hI tIrthakara ke samozaraNa (sabhAgRha) kI racanA kii| mahAvIra ne to sArI vibhati aura aizvarya tyAga diyA thA-unakA mamatva pArthiva zarIra me bhI zepa nahIM rahA 'thA-unake Atma teja se vaha bhI prakAzamAna huA thA, parantu indra ne divya racanA racakara yaha pratyakSa dikhA diyA ki tyAgadharma meM hI samRddhi hai-mahAn AtmavijayI aparva aihika vibhUti ke hote huye bhI usase nirlipta rahatA hai| yadi sukha cAhate ho, aizvaryazAlI vananA cAhate ho aura cAhate ho vizvavandha honA to tyAgadharma ko apanAo,--mohI mata bano--mamatA meM mata vaho ! bha0 mahAvIra kA yahI to Adarza thA-unake samavazaraNa se vaha spaSTa ho rahA thA sAtha hI bhagavAna ke udAra sAmyavAda kA tatva bhI usakI racanA se vyakta ho rahA thA / Aiye, pAThaka, jarA use bhI dekhie| dharmacakra pravartana se pahale hI indra kI AjJA se kuvera ne samozaraNa (sabhAgRha) kI racanA kI thI, jisake cAra dvAroM ke .. Dialsgues of the Buooha, to 66. 2. sani0 161 2. sami0 11 -

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( 111 ) Age dharmadhvajoM se maMDita mAnasthambha aura dharmacakra zobhAyamAna the| usa samavazaraNa meM AkAra, caityavRkSa, dhvajA, vanavedI, stapa, toraNa Adi ratnamaI aura jina pratimAoM se yukta bane huce the| prANI usame pahuMcate hI Adhi-vyAdhi bhUla jAtA thaa| dharmamaya vAtAvaraNa me vaha nirAkula ho jAtA thA / usa sabhAmaNDapa meM manuSya hI nahIM pazu taka pahu~ca kara apanA AtmakalyANa karate the| samavazaraNa meM bAraha 'koThe' rUpa bhinna bhinna vibhAga kiye gaye the, jiname sAdhu, AryikA, deva-devAGganA, sabhI purupa-strI aura pazu-pakSI vaiThate the| usake ThIka madhya bhAga meM eka gaMdhakuTI thI, jisame eka svarNa-siMhAsana rakkhA huA thaa| parantu bhagavAna itane nirlipta aura nirmohI the ki usakA sparza bhI mAno unhe asahya thA-unakI puNya prakRtiyoM se unakA zarIra itanA sUkSma aura sundara ho gayA thA ki vaha adhika sthUla padArtha kA Azraya na cAha kara AkAza me hI sthira thaa| siMhAsana para svarNakamala banA thA, jisase yahI bhAsatA thA ki bhagavAn kamalAsana virAjita haiM / yahIM se bhagavAn sarvopakArI upadeza dete the-vaha isa prakAra se dhvanita hotA thA ki saba hI prANI-deva, manuSya aura pazu-pakSI use apanI 2 bhASA me samajha lete the| yaha unake bhASaNa kI vizeSatA thii| isa vyavasthA meM pAThaka, dekhiye bha0 mahAvIra kI vizva ke prati samaSTi ! unhoMne apane udAharaNa se yaha spaSTa kara diyA ki prANI mAtra eka samAna hai--uname eka hI jIvana-jyoti ekasI hI AtmA vidyamAna hai| isaliye unako apane hI samAna 1. vartamAna reDiyo-AviSkAra se isa prakAra kI dhvani hone meM kucha anahonI bAta nahIM dikhtii| zAstra kahate haiM ki mAgadhadeva ke supurda yaha vyavasthA thii|

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( 112 ) samajho aura unake jIvana ko bhI sukhI banAo / unhoMne apane nirmala jJAna aura amita dayA ko manuSyoM taka hI sImita nahIM rakkhA thA / unakI vizeSatA yaha thI ki nIva mAtra unakI dRSTi meM eka samAna the ! phira manuSyoM kI to bAta hI kyA ? brAhmaNa kSatriya vaizya aura zUdra saba hI eka 'manuSya koThe' meM samAna bhAva se pArasparika vidveSa ko bhUla kara eka sAtha baiTha kara bhagavAna ke hitopadeza ko sunate the| bhagavAn ke mahAna vyaktitva kA aisA prabhAva thA ki manuSyoM kI to bAta kyA, hiMsaka pazu bhI apanI hiMsakavatti bhUla gaye the-pratidvandI pazugaNa jaise siMha aura vakarI pAsa-pAsa baiThe huye sukha-zAnti bhoga rahe the / amita ahiMsA dayA vahaoN mUrtimAn ho nAca rahI thI / vizvaprema aura vizvasevA dharma kI puNya dhArA vahA~ vaha rahI thI -- samatA, kSamA aura dayA kI sahasra dhArAoM meM nimagna sAre hI jIva Ananda reliyAM manA rahe the / yakSoM ke kaMdhoM para rakkhe huye ratnajaTita 'dharmacakra' sahasra razmiyoM se mAno "dharmaprakAza" hI phailA rahe the aura bhagavAn kI nikaTatA ko pAkara 'azoka' vRkSa apanA zoka hI nahIM bhUlA thA, balki usane sAre jagat ko azoka banAne kI kSamatA pA lI thii| tIna chatroM, camaroM aura prabhAmaNDala se maMDita prabhu mahAvIra usa samaya sAkSAt dharmarAjA cane huye the- dharma cakravartI huye the vaha / indra ne bhaktipUrvaka bha0 mahAvIra ko namaskAra kiyA aura unake ananta guNoM kI stuti una guNoM ko prApta karane ke liye karane lagA | vaha bolA, 'he deva ! Apa vilakSaNa lakSmI se bhUpita hone para bhI nirmanyarAja hai / he prabhU 1 Aja hamArA jIvana saphala huA hai - Apake darzana pAkara hame kRtArtha huye haiM / he dayA sindhu ! dekhiye duniyA dukha dAvAnala meM burI taraha jala rahI hai - zrajJAna kA paradA usakI A~khoM para par3A huA ,

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( 113 ) nAtha ! use jJAna netra dIjiye-dharmAmRta kA pAna karAke use sukhI banAiye / " ___indra yaha stuti karake deva koThe me baiTha gayA aura bhavyacAtakajana dharmAmata varSoM kI pratIkSA karane lge| eka pahara bItA do pahara bIte / pratIkSA meM tIsarA pahara bhI bIta gayA, parantu prabhU / kI vANI nahIM khirI / indra ne vicArA, 'yaha kyA kAraNa hai jo tIrthakara kA dharmopadeza nahIM ho rahA hai ? samavazaraNa me aneka nimrantha munirAja maujada the--katipaya aGga jJAnI bhI uname thekyA vaha bhagavAn kI vANI ko smRti meM dhAraNa karane kI kSamatA nahIM rakhate the ?-kyA kAraNa hai ?" indra socane lgaa| apane vizeSa jJAna se usa ne jAnA ki bhagavAna ke pramukha gaNadhara brAhmaNa indramati gautama hoNge| vaha isa samaya mithyASTi haiM-pazu homakara yajJa karane meM nirata haiM-use hI bhagavAna ke samAgama meM lAnA cAhiye, jisase loka kA upakAra ho / indra ne jo socA vahI kiyA / indrabhUti gautama kaise bhagavAna ke dharma meM dIkSita huye, yaha Age ke pariccheda meM priya pAThaka, par3hiye ! haoN. unake nimitta se bha0 mahAvIra ne dharmacakra pravartana kiyAapane punIta dharmatIrtha kI sthApanA kI! aise anupama dharmatIrtha kI ki jo sarvathA vilakSaNa hote huye bhI lokopakArI thA / svAmI samantabhadrajI kahate haiM ki "sarvajJatva, vItarAgatvAdika bahuguNarUpI sampatti se nyUna, tathApi madhura vacanoM kI racanA se yukta manojJa, aisA para kA mata hai, parantu Apa kA mata (dharmopadeza ) samyak prakAra se bhavya prANiyoM ko kalyANa kA kartA hai aura negamAdi nayoM va saptabhaMgoM se yukta samantabhadra hai|" 'bahuguNa saMpada sakalaM paramatamapi madhura vacana vinyAsakalam naya bhaktyavataM sakala tava deva ! mata samantabhad sakalaM"

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( 114 ) isI dharmatatva kI varSA karake tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne dharmatIrtha kI punarsthApanA kI / sanAtana jainadharma kI kSINa huI prabhA meM unhoMne cAra cA~da lagA diye / sanAtana jainadharma phira eka bAra camaka uThA ! prabhu mahAvIra ne kisI naye mata kI sthApanA nahIM kI ! ataH spaSTa hai ki kevalajJAna prApti ke sAtha hI bhagavAn kA dharmatIrtha pravartana nahIM huaa| bha0 mahAvIra jRmbhaka grAma se bihAra karake rAjagRha ke pAsa ramaNIka vipulAcala parvata para Akara virAjamAna huye| vipulAcala parvata para hI indrabhUti gautama unakI zaraNa meM Aye aura pramukha gaNadhara huye the / indra ko indrabhati samAgama karAne meM pUre do mahIne va 6 dina laga gaye / tatra kahIM zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadA ko vIra bhagavAn ke tIrtha kI utpatti huI- vIra zAsana kA dharma sAmrAjya sthApita huA 2 / pIr3ita, patita aura mArgacyuta janatA ko utthAna aura kalyANa kA saubhAgya milA / 1. 'paMcaselapure rambhe biule pavtraduttame / gANAduma-samAieye deva dvArAtra vaMdide // 12 // mahAvIraNasyo kahizro bhaviyaboyassa / ' --ghavallaTIkA pR0 61 2. "vApusta paThamamAse sAvarANAmammi bahulapaDhicAe / zrabhijINakkhattammi ya upapattI dhammavityassa ||1|| 66 // " viloya paNyavi vetAmbarIya mAnyatA hai ki bhagavAn kA pahalA upadeza vyarthaM gayA yA, parantu yaha bauddhoM kI nakala hI hai, kyoMki vaha mI buddha ke prathama upadeza ko mahatva nahIM milA batAte / zvetAmbaroM ne vIra jIvana ko yuddha jIvana ke raMga meM raMga diyA hai / khetAmbarIya zAstra apApA nAma kI nagarI meM cIra zAmana kI pravRtti huI batAte haiM, parantu digambaroM kI mAnyatA hai ki vipula parvata para dharma tIrthaM kI utpatti huI / 1

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(13) zrI indrabhUti gautama samAgama aura dharmopadeza / "kAlyaM dravyaSaTkaM sakalagaNitagaNA:satpadArthAnavaiva; vizvaM paMcAstikAya vrata samitividaH sapta tatvAni dhrmH| siddhe mArgasvarUpaM vidhijanita phalaM jIvaSaTkAya lezyA; etAnyaH zraddhadhAti jinavacanarato muktigAmI sa bhavyaH // " magadha deza meM gaurvaragrAma brAhmaNoM kA eka pramugva sthAna thaa| vahA~ bar3e bar3e vedapAThI vidvAn aura sAtha hI dhanADhaya brAhmaNa rahate the| vaha brAhmaNa, jinheM apanI jAti kA bar3A abhimAna thA aura jo vaidika kriyAkANDa karane me dattacitta rahate the| 'dharma ke nAma para hone vAlI hiMsA ko vaha hiMsA nahIM samajhate the| niraparAdha mUka pazuoM ke prANoM kA moha unheM nahIM thA-vaha yajJavedI ko unake lAla-lAla lahU se raktaraMjita karate the| aise brAhmaNoM kA mukhiyA vasubhati nAmaka brAhmaNa thA-vaha grAmapati aura gautama gotra kA thaa| loga use dvijarAjazAMDilya bhIkahate the| vaha bahuta hI prasiddha pratiSThita aura dhanADhaya thA / lakSmI ke sAtha sarasvatI kI bhI usa para kRpA thI-vaha acchA vidvAna thaa| usakI do patniyAM thIM, (2) sulakSaNA pRthvI aura (2) kezarI ! indrabhUti aura agnibhUti nAmaka do putra-ratna pRthvI kI kokha se janme the aura tIsare putra vAyabhati kI mAtA kezarI thii| yaha tInoM vipraputra mahA vidvAna the-vyAkaraNa, tarka, chanda, purANa Adi zAstroM ke vettA the| vedoM ke pAraGgata vidvAn hone ke kAraNa nirantara vaidika kriyAkANDa ko karane me magna rahate the| apanI vidyA kA unhe bar3A abhimAna thA / indrabhUti gautama apane donoM bhAiyoM

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( 116 ) aura ziSyoM ke sAtha kisI banADhaya yajamAna ke yahA~ yana karA rahe the, taba unhoMne hajAroM strI-puruSoM ko jinendra mahAvIra ke darzana karane ko jAte huye dekhA / pahale vaha samajhe ki ve asaMkhya nara-nArI unake yajJa ko dekhane ke liye A rahe haiM, to unheM Ananda huzrA / kintu dUsare kSaNa jaba unhoMne dekhA ki ve strIpurupa unake yajJa kI yora oNkha uThA kara bhI nahIM dekhate to unheM bar3A Azcarya huA / unhoMne kisI se pUchA to mAlUma huA ki loga sarvajJa prabhU mahAvIra kI vandanA ke liye jA rahe haiN| vaha mana hI mana kahane lage ki 'mere sivAya bhI kyA duniyA meM koI mahApaDita hai ? bar3A Azcarya hai ki janasamudAya itanI jaldI vaidika kriyAkANDa se vimukha ho gayA aura yajJamaNDala kI ora AkarSita nahIM ho rahA hai ! kintu unhoMne yaha na vicArA ki vaidika kriyAkANDa aura raktamaya yajJoM se janatA kA hRdaya Uba gayA hai| use patA hai, antima tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ke sarvahitakara tIrtha kA sarvodaya ho cukA hai / parantu indrabhUti to vidyA ke mada meM cara the vastusthiti vaha kyA dekhate ? unake ghamaMDI hRdaya ko Thesa lagI-vaha tilamilA gaye / unhoMne samajhA, rUDhivAda kA virodhI vaha koI pAkhaDI hai| usake pAkhaMDa kA anta karanA caahiye| isI samaya indra apane kauzala ko saphala hotA jAnakara indrabhUti gautama ke nikaTa pahu~cA / indra jAnatA thA ki yadyapi indrabhUti gautama bar3A ghamaMDI aura mAnI vyakti hai, parantu usakI buddhi nirmala aura pavitra hai| vahI bha0 mahAvIra kI nikaTatA meM saccA lokopakArI vana jAyagA / isaliye eka kautuka usane

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( 117 ) rcaa| usane apanA bheSa vadalA, eka vRddha vidyArthI ke rUpa meM vaha gautama ke pAsa pahuMcA aura bolA ki "mahArAja! mere pajya guru ne eka zloka mujhe batAyA hai, parantu usakA artha batAne ke pahale hI ve dhyAnalIna hogae hai| aba isa zloka kA artha mujhe koI nahIM batA sktaa| maiMne ApakI vidvattA kI mahimA sunI hai Apa veda-vedAMga-pAraGgata vidvAn hai| kyA maiM AzA karU~ ki Apa usa zloka kA artha batAkara merI azAnti ko miTAyeMge?" indra ti usa zloka kA artha batAne ke liye isa zarta para rAjI ho gaye ki indra unakA ziSya ho jAyagA ziSya parikara bar3hAne kA moha vaha zamana na kara sake / indra ne vaha zarta mAna lI aura par3hakara eka vaisA hI zloka sunAyA jaisA ki isa pariccheda ke prArambha me diyA huA hai / gautama usa zloka ko sunakara asamajasame par3a gye| vaha samajha na sake ki cha dravya kyA haiM ? paMcAstikAya se kyA matalaba hai ? tatvoM se kyA bhAva hai ? aura chai lezyAyeM kauna sI haiM ? vaha anyathA artha batAne kA bhI sAhasa na kara ske| unhoMne socA ki isase kyA ? isake guru se hI vAda karake isa zloka kA artha pragaTa karanA cAhiye / basa, vaha jhaTa uThe aura apane donoM bhAiyo aura ziSyoM ke sAtha vidyArthI veSadhArI indrake sAtha cala diye| usa samaya bha0 mahAvIra kA samavazaraNa rAjagRha ke nikaTa vipulAcala parvata para AyA huA thA / indrabhUti bhAiyoM aura ziSyoM ke anurodha se vahA~ taka cale Aye ! samavazaraNa ke dvAra para mAnasthagbha ko dekhate hI usakA mAna aura garva manda par3a gyaa| samavazaraNa meM praveza karake jyoM hI unhoMne trilokavandanIya bha0 mahAvIra kI parama vItarAga-mudrA ke darzana kiye, tyoM hI unakA hRdaya namrIbhUta hogyaa| nirgantha yogirAda kI yogamaya Atmavibhati ko dekhakara vaha prabhAvita ho gye| vaha

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( 118 ) / bhavyottama mahApuruSa the / mahatI purayaphala unake udaya meM thA / vIra prabhU ke sadarzana se unheM saddaSTi mila gaI unakA mithyAtva kAphUra ho gayA / unhoMne bha0 ko sASTAMga namaskAra kiyA / yaha divya ghaTanA I0 san se lagabhaga 575 varSa pahale kI hai| usa ne samaya indrabhUti kI avasthA pacAsa varSa kI thii| bhagavAn Ate hI unakA nAma lekara sambodhana kiyA aura kahA, "indrabhUti ! tumhAre hRdaya meM yaha zaMkA varta rahI hai ki jIva hai yA nahIM / vedoM meM pUrvApara virodhI ullekhoM ko dekhakara hI tuma saMzaya me par3e huye ho ! kintu nizcaya jAno ki jIva dravya haiusakA sarvathA abhAva na kabhI huA, na hai aura na hogA / " bhagavAn ko isa taraha apanI manogata sUkSma zaGkA kA ullekha karate huye dekhakara indrabhUti kA hRdaya bhaktibhAva se gadgad ho gayA / unhoMne apane agnibhUti aura vAyubhUti bhAiyoM aura ziSyoM sahita jainendrI dIkSA dhAraNa karalI ! ve saba digamvara jaina muni ho gaye / bha0 mahAvIra ke samparka se unakA uddhAra huA / anAdi mithyAtva kA vinAza karake hI prANI apanA uddhAra aura loka kA kalyANa kara sakatA hai / vaha saMsAra meM kaisI hI duravasthA meM kyoM na par3A ho kAla labdhi ko pAkara vahu apanI unnati karatA hI hai / indrabhUti aura usake bhAI dharma ke nAma para apAra hiMsA kara rahe the aura jAtimada meM vesudha the; parantu bha0 mahAvIra ne unameM yogya pAtratA pAI aura dIkSA dI / unhoMne batA diyA ki vIra sagha kI abhivRddhi naye 2 puruSoM ko jainI banAkara hI kI jA sakatI hai ! 1 bhagavAn mahAvIra kI stuti karake una navadIkSita mahAbhAgane zaGkA ko duharAyA / vaha vole, "jJAnadhana / deha ke sAtha dehI kA anta hote bhAsatA hai / kisI ne bhI Aja taka A~khoM se usa I

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( 116 ) dehI 'AtmA' ko nahIM dekhA hai / phira yaha kaise mAneM AtmA hai - jIva hai !" prabhUvIra kI divyadhvani meM gautama ke isa prazna kA samAdhAna sunane ke liye sabhI mumukSu Atura the / unhoMne jo sunA usakA bhAva thA ki 'yadyapi sthala netra se AtmA dikhAI nahIM detI, kyoMki vaha rUpa-rasa-gaMdha-varNa rahita hai, parantu mAnavI anubhava usakA astitva pramANita karatA hai / niHssandeha gautama, deha se vaha vijJAnamaI cetana bhinna hai - vaha deha kI, paMcabhUtoM kI upaja nahIM hai / kadAcit use jala-pRthvI- vAyu agni aura AkAza se milakara banatA anumAna karo to jarA yaha to soco ki ina padArthoM meM kaunasA padArtha aisA hai jisame cetanA - jAnane dekhane kA guNa maujUda hai ? jaba cetanA inameM nahIM hai, to inake mizraNa meM kahA~ se AyegI ? vizva me jo vastu hai usakA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA aura jo vastu nahIM hai usakA kabhI astitva nahIM ho sakatA / ' zrotAgaNa maMtramugdha kI taraha bha0 kI isa sarala evaM spaSTa vANI ko sunate rahe / unhoMne jo Age sunA usase samajhA ki zAyada koI yaha zaMkA kare ki deha ke sAtha mRtyu samaya 'dehI' (AtmA) kA nAza hotA hI hai, to yaha mithyA hai | deha pudgala aura dehI cetana hai| zava kA agni saMskAra hone para bhI pudgala pudgala hI rahatA hai aura cetana loka me dUsarA zarIra dhAraNa kara letA hai / yadi yaha na mAneM to bhalA soco hamArA vyavahArika anubhava kyA ho ? paMcabhUtoM ke azoM kA hI pariNAma yadi caitanya - bhAva ( darzana - jJAna ) ho, to vaha akhaMDa kahA~ se hogA ? vaha to utane hI aMzoM meM baMTA hogA -taba hameM bAharI jagata kA anubhava ekarUpa nahIM - eka sAtha hI anekarUpa hogA ! parantu manuSya kA anubhava aisA nahIM hai - vaha eka hai aura akhaMDa hai / ataeva vaha eka akhaMDa padArtha kA hI anubhava 1

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( 120 ) hai| vaha akhaMDa padArtha hI AtmA hai| AtmA jAnatA dekhatA haizarIra jAnatA dekhatA nahIM hai| __sabane kahA 'tathAstu' aura Age sanA ki 'yaha zaGkA karana bhI vyartha hai ki AtmA pahale nahIM thA Age nahIM hogA / yadi jIvAtmA anAdikAla se loka meM bhramaNa na karatA hotA athavA yauM kahiye ki vartamAna jIvana ke pahale usakA koI jIvana nahIM thA, to jarA soco, pUrva saMskAroM kA sadbhAva manuSya jIvana meM kaise hotA hai ? kaise eka navajAta zizu mAtA kA stana pAte hI usakA dugdha pAna karatA hai| yaha saba kucha jIvoM ke pUrva saskAroM kA hI prabhAva hai ki jIva unakA abhyanta ho jAtA hai aura vibhAva ko banAtA hai| zizu ke muMha meM nAragI kA mIThA rasa nicor3iye-vaha usake svAda aura rUpa ko manameM dhAraNa kara letA hai| dUsare dina java nAraMgI ko vaha zizu dekhatA hai to usake muMha meM pAnI bhara AtA hai| ata yaha spaSTa hai ki mana, netra, rasanA Adi indriyoM ke dvArA hone vAle anubhava kA jJAtA eka hI vyakti hai aura vaha akhaDa AtmA hai|' indrabhUti bhagavAn ke jIvatatva jJApaka upadeza ko nirnimeSa suna rahe the| divyadhvani me unhoMne yaha bhI sunA ki 'pUrvakAla meM eka pradezI nAma ke rAjA ko bhI AtmA ke astitva meM zaGkA huI thI, parantu unakI zaGkA ko tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke pijanoM ne samAdhAna kiyA thaa| rAjA pradezI ke praznottara sAdhAraNa mAnava hRdaya kA samAdhAna karate haiM-jarA dekho usa praznottara ko / rAjA pradezI pUchatA hai ki 'mere pitA nirdayI the aura mara kara narka gaye, jahA~ vaha dukha bhugatate haiM phira una dukhoM se vacane ke liye vaha mujhe sambodhane kyoM nahIM Aye ?' RSi ne uttara diyA, 'rAjA aparAdhI ko daMDa detA hai-usa daMDa ko

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( 121 ) bhogate samaya jaise aparAdhI apane putra-kalatra ke pAsa nahIM jA sakatA usI taraha nArakI jIva apanI barI karanI kA daNDa bhagatatA hai aura vahA~ se taba taka nahIM nikalatA jaba taka ki vaha usakA pUrA phala nahIM bhoga letaa| pradezI bolA, 'acchA, yaha to mAnA kintu, merI dharmAtmA dAdI svarga meM gaI hai, vaha mujhe sambodhane kyoM nahIM AtI ?' usane uttara meM sunA ki 'jo manupya devadarzana ke liye zuddha hokara mandira me gayA hai, vaha azudvi ke bhaya se dUsare kAma ke liye bulAye jAne para bhI nahIM jAtA | devaparyAyake jIva bahuta sApha suthare haiM / unhe manuSya kI azucitA asahya hai| isIliye uparokta bhakta pujArI kI taraha vaha bhI nahIM Ate / kintu kinhIM jIvoM kA pArasparika moha prabala hotA hai aura ve apane iSTamitra kA upakAra karanA cAhate hai to kaSTa sahakara bhI Ate haiN| saMsAra me aise udAharaNa kabhI kabhI dekhane ko milate haiN| zAstroM meM likhA hai ki sItAjI kA jIva apane eka priya bandhu ko sambodhane narka meM bhI gayA thaa|' pradezIko isa uttara se saMtoSa huA jarUra, parantu zakA na pittii| usane phira pUchA, 'acchA, batAiye, eka bandI ko prANadaNDa milatA hai - use sandUka me banda kara diyA jAtA hai, parantu marate hue usakI AtmA nahIM dikhtii| yadi AtmA hai to vaha avazya dIkhatI !' use uttara milA-'rAjan / mahala ke bhItara saba kivAr3oM ko vanda karake jaba saMgIta kI madhura laharI cher3I jAtI hai, taba use mahala ke bAhara nikalate huye koI nahIM dekhatA, parantu vaha nikalakara zrotAoM ke kAnoM se TakarAtI aura unhe AlhAdita karatI hai| sUkSma zabda to pArthiva hai, phira bhI netroM se nahIM dikhatA / aba jarA soco, arUpI AtmA netroM se kaise dIkhegI ?' rAjA cupa thA, parantu usakA dila abhI nahIM namA thaa| usane phira pachA, 'manuSya zarIra ke Tukar3e 2 karake unhe

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(122 ) eka aise sandUka me banda kara diyA, jisame koI vastu bhItara praveza nahIM kara sakatI, to vatAiye usame sar3a kara kIr3e par3ane para jIva kahA~ se AjAtA hai ? RSi isa sarala hRdayatA para muskarAyA aura batAyA, "bhalate ho. rAnan jaba AtmA nikalate huye nahIM dIkhatI to praveza karate hue kaise dikhAI degI lohapiMDa meM koI dvAra nahIM hotA yaha nirA Thosa hai, parantu ume jarA tapAo aura dekho agni-kaNa usameM praveza kara gaye haiM / ata. AtmA ke astistra meM zaGkA karanA vyartha hai|' isa prakAra jIva tatva ke sAtha hI ajIva (pudgala-Matter) tatva kI siddhi hotI hai ! zrotAoM ne use ThIka samajhA aura dekhA ki AtmA aura pudgala mizrarUpameM duniyA meM phaile huye haiN| manuSya-pazu pakSIvanaspati-Adi nAnA rUpa me vaha sasAra ke sukha-dukha bhugatate hai / isa saMsaNa kA kAraNa kyA hai aura usase mukti kaise ho ? kaise loka ke prANI sukhI hove ? yaha prazna usa samaya kI janatA ke sammukha the| indrabhUti ke nimittase dharma ko pratipAdate huye sarvajJa prabhu ne isakA samAdhAna nimnalikhita zabdoM meM kiyA thA "he bhavya puruSo! anAdikAla se pudgala ke bandhana meM par3A huA-zarIra meM kaida huA jIva zubhAzubha karma kara rahA hai| jIva ne pUrva janmameM karma kiye haiM aura isa janma meM bhI kama saMcita kara rahA hai| ina saMcita karmoM kA zubhAzubha phala vaha svayaM bhagatatA hai aura sukhI-dukhI banatA hai| yadi vratopavAsa aura tapasyA ke dvArA jIva ina kamoM kI nirjarA kara DAle to zarIra vandhana se mukta ho nAve / mana, vacana, kAya dvArA yadi jIva saMvara pAle to pApa karma nahIM baMdhate aura tapasyA se sacita kamAM kA nAza hotA hai| isa prakAra naye karmoM ke (Asrava ) ruka jAne se aura parAne kamoM ke jJaya (nirjarA ) ho jAne se saMsAra

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( 123 ) bhramaNa kA anta hotA hai| nissandeha karmakSaya se hI duHkhakSaya hotA hai-duHkhakSaya se vedanAkSaya hotI hai aura vedanAkSaya se saba dukhoM kI nirjarA ho jAtI hai / jIva mukta hokara zuddha-baddha paramAtma rUpa ko pAletA hai!" bha0 mahAvIra ke kArya-kAraNa siddhAnta para nirdhArita upadeza ne indrabhUti aura anya zrotAoM ko vastutatva samajhane kI kSamatA pradAna kii| unhoMne samajha liyA ki sAta tatva, nava padArtha, pAMca astikAya, chaH dravya, cAra kapAya, ATha karma Adi kyA haiN| taba unheM zraddhA hogaI ki yaha jIva padgala se usI taraha veSTita hai-karma-kAlimA se usI taraha kalaGkita hai jisa prakAra maila se milA huA sonA kAna se nikalatA hai| jisa prakAra usa azuddha sone meM sone ke guNa pUrNataH pragaTa nahIM hote usI prakAra saMsArI jIva apanI azuddhAvasthA meM apane svabhAvajanya paramAtmaguNoM ko pUrNa pragaTa nahIM kara pAtA hai| isa azuddhAvasthA me jIva (1) deva, (2) manuSya (3) narka aura (4) tiryaJca nAmaka gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karatA hai aura rAga dveSa paraNati ke kAraNa dukha uThAtA hai| yadi jIva rAga dveSa ko jIta le to vaha apane zuddharUpa ko usI taraha prApta kara sakatA hai jisa taraha sone ko tapAne se usake guNa camakane lagate hai| krodha mAna, mAyA, lobha-cAra aise kaSAya haiM jinake vaza me hokara jIva apanI mana-vaca-kAyika kriyAoM ke dvArA apane svAbhAvika guNoM ke Upara uttarottara maila car3hAtA hai| yaha maila karma kA hai, jo loka me bharA huA eka sUkSma padgala hai| tela se bhare huye zarIra para jisa taraha rajakaNa Akara svata cipaTa jAte haiM usI taraha kamaraja sakaSAya jIva se Akara kAla vizeSa ke liye baMdha jAtA hai aura use vedita karatA hai| yaha kamaraja ATha prakRtiyoM me mukhyataH vaMTa jAtA hai, jaise peTa meM pahu~ca kara bhojana rakta-sajjA-vIryAdi

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( 124 ) rUpa meM baMTa jAtA hai / vaha ATha prakRtiyA~ haiM : (1) darzanAvarNI (2) jJAnAvarNI (3) mohanIya (4) aMtarAya (5) vedanIya (6) nAma (7) gotra aura (6) Ayu / jIva ke saMsArI jIvana me yahI mukhya preraka kAraNa haiM / indrabhUti gautama ne ina karmoM kA bhI sUkSma varNana vIra vANI me sunA aura sunate hI usake mastiSka ke kapATa khula gye| unhoMne Age sunA ki jaba taka jIva ina karmoM ke nAca nAcatA hai moha me par3akara bAharI para padArthoM ko apanAne meM rasa letA hai, taba taka vaha vahirAtmA kahalAtA hai usakI bAharI dRSTi hai| kAla labdhi para jaba vaha bAharI jagata se dRSTi phera kara apane bhItara dRSTi lagAtA hai aura jAna letA hai ki maiM vAhyajagata se bhinna cetana rUpa hU~ yaha zarIra bhI mujhase bhinna hai-meM svabhAvataH zuddha-nimala-paramasukhI AtmA hU~, taba vaha isa bheda vijJAna ko pAkara antarAtmA ho jAtA hai| vaha jAna letA hai ki jisa taraha eka pakSI maTTI se lade huye apane paMkhoM ko sukhA aura jhAr3akara svastha hotA aura ur3ane kI zakti pAtA hai, usI taraha jIva bhI nirmohI hokara karma-rUpI maila ko sukhA aura jhAr3a DAlatA hai aura sukhI hotA hai / vaha calane meM sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai-khar3e hone meM sAvadhAna rahatA hai aura leTatA-baiThatA bhI sAvadhAnI se hai| zuddha bhojana bhI sAvadhAnI se karatA hai aura bolatA bhI sAvadhAnI se hai| pariNAmata vaha duSkA kA vandha nahIM karatA; balki sacita kamoM kI nirjarA karane ke liye udyogI hotA hai| nirjana sthAna meM vaha jAna-dhyAna aura yogAbhyAsa meM lIna rahatA hai| tapAgni ko sulagA kara vaha kamoM kI nirjarA kara DAlatA hai-kalA se mukta hokara paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| aba vaha kimI ke bandhana meM nahIM rahatA-kisI kA gulAma nahIM hotA! indramRti prANImAtra ke liye mulabha isa yAtmatvAtantrya ke sadeza

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( 125 ) ko sunakara gadgad hogaye / anya zrotAoM ne bhI apane bhAgya ko sarAhA 1 isa dharmopadeza me vaijJAnikarUpeNa unhoMne sAta tatvoM kI siddhi hote dekhI / bhagavAn ne vaha sAta tatva batAye (1) jIva, (2) ajIva, (3) Asrava, (4) vaMdha, (5) saMvara, (6) nirjarA aura (7) mokSa | svabhAva se darzana - jJAna guNa yukta jIva hai / ajIva (1) pudgala (2) dharma (3) adharma (4) AkAza (5) aura kAla | iname se pahale cAra jIva ke sAtha 'paMcAstikAya' kahalAte haiM; kyoMki yaha aise dravya haiM jinakI eka kAya hai / kAla dravya bhI ajIva hai, parantu vaha eka zarIra vAlA nahIM hai / vaha ratnoMkI Dhera kI taraha loka me bharA huA hai| pUraNa ( Birth) galana (Decay) kI zakti vAlA acetana pudgala hai / dharmadravya eka sUkSma pudgala 'Ithara' ke sadRza hai, jo jIvAdi padArthoM ko calane meM sahakArI hai| aura adharma dravya padArthoM kI sthiti meM sahAyaka hai; jaise vRkSa pathika ko Thaharane meM kAraNa hai| AkAza bhI ajIva hai parantu usakA guNa padArthoM ko sthAna denA hai | lokame yahI cha dravyeM milatI haiM; jo mukhyata. jIva- ajIva rUpa me haiM / jIva meM karma AtA hai, yaha pahale likhA gayA hai / isa 'AyAti' kA hI nAma 'Asava' tatva hai| karma Akara jIva se baMdhatA hai, yaha 'vandhatatva' hai| yahA~ taka vandhana kA varNana hai| Age ke tatva jIva ko bandhana mukta banAte haiN| kisI tAlAva ko gaMde pAnI se sApha karane ke liye sabase pahale yaha Avazyaka hai ki usameM gar3hA pAnI Ane kA mArga roka diyA jAve- isI taraha karmoM kI AyAta rokanA bhI Avazyaka hai - yaha 'saMvara' tatva hai / jaba nayA gaMdA pAnI nahIM AyagA, taba sirpha sacita jala nikAlanA hI zeSa rahatA hai / yahI bAta jIva ke liye hai / use bhI saMcita karmoM ko nikAlanA hI zeSa rahatA hai-yahI 'nirjarA' tatva hai / jaba saba karma jhar3a

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( 126 ) gae taba jIva mukta ho jAtA hai--yahI mokSa' tatva hai / kAryakAraNa- siddhAnta para nirbhara yaha vaijJAnika praNAlI hai aura isameM sAta tatva svataH siddha haiM / inhIM sAta tatvoM me (1) puNya aura (2) pApa ko milA dene se 'nau padArtha' ho jAte haiM / jo bhAvakriyA AtmA ko karma se lepatI hai, use lezyA kahate | vaha jIvoM ke bhAvoM kA nApa hai| hRdaya meM kitanA kapAya hai ? ise lezyA batA detI hai / garja yaha ki jinendra mahAvIra kI vANI ko sunakara indrabhUti usa zloka kA artha tatra ThIka 2 samajhane lage the, jisako indra ne unase pUchA thA / vaha bhagavAn ke ananya bhakta aura pramukha gaNadhara huye / yaha udAharaNa mAno yahI batAtA ki jinendra mahAvIra ke zAsana me rUr3hi ke liye -sthiti pAlakatA ke liye koI sthAna nahIM hai / pragatizIla hokara satyAnveSaNa karanA manuSya kA kartavya hai / koI jainI janma lene se hI dharmapAtra nahIM banatA-ajainI bhI yadi pAtra ho to use jainadharma kI dIkSA denA cAhie - use jainI banAnA cAhiye / 'sarva sukhAya sarva hitAya' yaha pragati zlAdhya hai / nissandeha dhanya hai vaha zrAvaNI pratipadA jisa dina samudAra vIra zAsana kA pravartana huA / isI dina mahAvIra ke upadeza se pIr3ita patita aura mArgacyuta janatA ko vizeSa rUpa se yaha AzvAsana milA ki usakA uddhAra hogA / sAtha hI zeSa jagata ne samajhA, utthAna kA mArga yahI hai-janma sulabha AtmasvAtantrya pAne kA dvAra yahI hai / vaha pavitra divasa krUra balidAnoM ke sAtizaya rokakA divasa hai, jinake dvArA jIvita prANI nirdayatA pUrvaka churI ke ghATa utAre jAte the athavA homa ke bahAne jalatI Aga me pheMka diye jAte the / ' yajJayAga ke pramukha netA indrabhUti gautama ko ahiMsA kA pujArI banAkara prabhu mahAvIra kI divyacANI ne raktamayI yajJoM kA anta hI kara diyA ! janatA ne isIdina dharma-adharma

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( 127 ) aura hiMsA ahiMsA kA yathArtha rUpa samajhA evaM use atyAcAroM kI ThIka paribhASA sUjha gaI ! pariNAmataH hara koI bha0 mahAvIra ke saMghame sammilita hone ke liye lAlAyita ho uThA / indrabhUti kA anukaraNa anekoM ne kiyA ! indrabhUti gautamane muni dIkSA ke sAtha hI pUrvAnha meM nirmala pariNAmo ke dvArA tatkAla buddhi, auSadhi akSaya UrjA, rasa, tapa aura vikriyA rUpI sAta labdhiyaoN pA liiN| unakA jJAna itanA nirmala huA ki jinendra kI vANI kA artha unhoMne ThIka ThIka samajhA aura usI samaya dvAdazAGga aura upAna sahita jina mukhoddhata zruta kI pada racanA kii| inakI kula Ayu 62 varSa kI thI; jisame lagabhaga 45 varSa taka vaha munidazA me rahe the / vIrasaMgha ke pramukha gaNAdhIza ke rUpa me unhoMne jainadharma kA vizeSa pracAra kiyA thaa| bha0 mahAvIra ke nirvANa divasa hI vaha kevalajJAnI aura sagha nAyaka huye the / vIra nirvANa se vAraha varSa pazcAt I0 pUrva 533 ke lagabhaga vaha vipulAcala parvata se mukta huye the| cInI yAtrI huenatsAMga ne inakA ullekha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke gaNadhara rUpa me kiyA hai| indrabhUti ke sAtha unake bhAI agnibhUti aura vAyubhUti bhI jainadharma meM dIkSita huye the / jisa samaya vIrasaMgha meM munisamudAya vibhinna gaNazme vyavasthAkI suvidhA ke liye vibhakta kiyA gayA, taba yaha bhI do gaNoM ke adhinAyaka gaNadhara huye / inhoMne bhagavAn ke jIvanakAla me hI nirvANa-pada pAyA thA /

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(14) dharma pracAra aura vihAra "giribhityavadAnavataH zrImata iva dantinaH -zravadAnavataH tava zamavAdAnavato gata mUrjitamapagata prabhAdAnavataH / / -zrI vRhasvayamastotra" svAmI samantabhadrAcAryajI ne bha0 mahAvIra ke puNyamaI vihAra kI viziSTatA ko upayata zloka meM amara banA diyA hai| vaha kahate haiM ki, "he vIra jidhara ApakA viziSTa vihAra huAApake caraNa sparza se jo pathvI bhAga saubhAgyazAlI vanA, vahA~ dopoM kA upazama huA~zAstrajJAna kA vikAsa huA aura hiMsA kA sarvathA nAza huA! isI kAraNa ApakA ahiMsAvrata aura abhayadAna sahita uttama vihAra usa taraha huA, jisa taraha sampUrNa bhadra lakSaNoM sahita marate huye mada vAle hAthI kI gati hotI hai, jise parvatIyabhittikA avadAna prApta hai|" nissandeha tIrthakara mahAvIra kA vihAra AkulatA aura bhaya kSobha kI jananI hiMsA kA nAzaka aura sukhavadvinI ahiMsA kA poSaka thA / ahiMsaka rAjya me hI prANImAtra abhaya raha sakatA hai-sukha kI nIMda sotA hai| bha0 mahAvIra ke vihAra meM amita abhayadAna svayameva vaeNTatA thA / ahiMsaka vAtAvaraNa meM vaira aura virodha ke liye sthAna nahIM rahatA-sabhI prANI abhaya hote haiN| isa prakAra bhagavAna kA yaha zepa jIvana vihAra aura dharma pracAra meM vyatIta huaa| loka kalyANa ke aparva dhyeya kA unhoMne mUrtimAna kara dikhAyA / vaha icchA ke prere huye nahI calate the, kyoki icchA ko unhoMne jIta liyA thaa| aura na dUsaroM kI icchApUrti ke liye unakA vihAra hotA thaa| kisI kI stuti aura nindA se dhyeya kA ko unhoMne yaha icchA ke

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( 126 ) unhe prayojana hI na thaa| bAta to yaha thI ki jisa kSetra kA saubhAgya hotA thA jisame dharmAmata varSA ke pyAse cAtakoM kI chaTapaTAhaTa vaha puNyAkarSaNa utpanna karatI thI jo sahaja sulabha nahIM, udhara hI bhagavAn kA vihAra svayameva ho jAtA thaa| pratyeka nagara aura grAma ke loga unake zubhAgamana kI pratIkSA Atura huye karate the| samasta AryAvarta ko unake dhamita pAna karane aura darzana se pavitra hone kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| kintu ApakA sarvAdhika vihAra vihAra prAnta me huA-vaha bhAga pahale magadha, aGga Adi dezoM meM vibhakta thA, parantu bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pavitra vihAra ke upalakSame vaha 'vihAra' khlaayaa| bhagavAna kI nirvANabhUmi bhI isI prAnta me hai| unake nAma-vAle jaise vIrabhami, varddhamAna, siMhabhami Adi nagarAdi bhI yahA~ milate hai / nissandeha janasamudAya bha0 mahAvIra ke prati apanI bhakti aura kRtajJatAjJApana ke bhAva ko mUrtimAna banAne ke liye lAlAyita the| Akhira, adharma aura ajJAna ke ghora aMdhakAra meM jJAnasUrya kA prakAza bhagavAna hI ne to phailAyA thA ! ___ zrImadbhagavat jinasenAcAryajI ne apane 'harivaMzapurANa' (pATha 18) meM bhagavAn ke vihAra ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki "jisa prakAra bhavyavatsala bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne pahile aneka dezoM me vihAra kara unhe dharmAtmA banAyAthA, usI prakArabha0mahAvIra ne bhI madhyake-kAzI, kauzala, kauzalya, kusaMdhya, azvaSTa, sAlva, trigarta paMcAla, bhadrakAra, pATacara, mauka, matsya, kanIya, sUrasena eva vRkArthaka nAma ke dezoM meM, samudra taTa ke-kaliGga, kurujAgala, kaikeya, Atreya, kAvoja, vAlhIka, yavanazruti, siMdhu, gAdhAra, sUrabhIru, dazeruka, vADavAna, bhAradvAja aura kvAthatoya dezoM me, evaM uttara dizA ke tArNa, kANe, pracchAla Adi dezoM me vihAra kara unhe dharma kI ora Rju kiyA thaa|" bhagavAna mahAvIra kA

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(130) yaha vihAra samavazaraNa vibhUti sahita hotA thA, jisake kAraNa varma kI vizeSa prabhAvanA hotI thii| zvetAmbarIya 'kalpasUtra' meM bhagavAn ke isa dharma pracAra kA ullekha bhI unake cAturmAsoM ke rUpa meM kiyA hai, yadyapi eka kevalI tIrthakara ke liye cAturmAsa kA niyama lAga nahIM hai unakA jIvana itanA pavitra aura nirmohI ho jAtA hai ki sUkSmatama vadha bhI nAma mAtra ko nahIM hotA -unake Iyopatha Asrava hotA hai / niSkAma lokopakAra kriyA meM jo karmavargaNAyeM AtI haiM vaha kapAya ke abhAva meM nikalI calI jAtI haiN| isaliye hI varSA kA niyama tIrthaGkara ke liye Avazyaka nahIM hai| 'kalpasUtra' ke isa varNana se yahI samajhanA cAhiye ki sarvajJa hone para bhagavAn kI itanI vorye ullikhita kSetroM ke Asa pAsa vihAra karane me bItIM thiiN| 'kalpa. sUtrAnusAra bhagavAna ne ina tIsa vaoNkI varSAyeM kramazaH vaizAlI, vaNiyagrAma, rAjagaha nAlandA, mithilA, bhadrikA, alAmikA, praNatibhUmi, zrAvastI aura pAvA meM dharmapIyUpa-varSA meM bitAI thiiN| vaha rAjagaha meM sava se adhika vAra aaye| magadha samrATa zreNika vimbasAra ke nimittase vahA~ khava dharma varSA huii| rAjagaha ne vipulAcala parvata para hI kaI rAjAoM, rAjakumArA aura rAjakumAriyoM evaM zreSTI putra-putriyoM aura sAdhAraNa bhavya puruSoM ne vIra saMgha meM muni athavA zrAvaka ke vratoM ko dhAraNa karake lokoddhAra ke mArga meM apane jIvana ko utsarga kara diyA thaa| rAjagaha se bhagavAn vaizAlI aura vaNiyagrAma kI ora vihAra kara gaye pratIta hote haiN| vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka ne munivrata dhAraNa kiye the aura unake patra senApati siMhabhadra Adi bhagavAn ke upAsaka huye the| uparAnta vaha sAre deza meM vicare the| abhAgyavaza unake vihAra kA kramavaddha varNana kahIM surakSita nahIM milatA / zvetAmbarIya 'bhagavatI sUtra' meM

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( 131 ) ullekha hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra nAlandA, rAjagRha, pariNayabhUmi, siddhArthagrAma, kUrmagrAma Adi sthAnoM meM bhI padhAre the / 'upAsaka dazAsUtra' meM likhA hai ki vaNijAma, campA, vArANasI, AlabhI, kAmpilyapura, polAsapura, rAjagRha aura zrAvastI bhagavAn ke padArpaNa se pavitra huye the / vaNijAma me zrAvaka Ananda aura unakI bhAryA zivanandA unake ananya upAsaka the | campA me zrAvaka kAmadeva aura zrAvikA bhadrA, vArANasI me zrAvaka cUlani priya evaM sUradeva aura zrAvikA zyAmA tathA dhanyA, AlabhI meM zrAvaka cullasataka apanI bhAryA bahulA sahita; kampilyapura me kuda kolita aura puSpA dampati; polAsapura meM sardala putra aura agni- mitrA; rAjagaha me zrAvaka mahAsataka aura vijaya evaM zrAvastI me nandinipriya eva salatipriya tathA unakI patniyA~ azvinI aura phAlguNI bhagavAn ke ananya upAsaka aura bhakta hue the / jainatratoM ko pAlakara aura vizeSa utsava manAkara unhoMne dharma kI prabhAvanA kI thI / yaha saba vizeSa dhanADhya gRhapati the | gRhapati Ananda kI sampatti ke viSaya me likhA hai ki cAra karor3a svarNa-mAna unakA surakSita thA aura cAra karor3a svarNamAna vyAja para lagA huA thA / isa dhana ke atirikta acala sampatti bhI unakI cAra karoDa svarNa mAna kI thI aura unakA pazudhana bhI atyadhika thA / pazudhana cAra samUhoM - go samUha Adi me vibhakta thA, jisake pratyeka samUha me dasa hajAra gauye Adi pazu the / unakA Adara bar3e 2 rAjA mahArAjA aura seThasAhUkAra karate the / garja yaha ki bhagavAn ke yaha gRhastha-bhakta sampattizAlI lokamAnya vyakti the / para khUbI yaha thI ki bha0 kI zikSA ne unhe dhana aura bala pAkara bhI madamatta nahIM banAyA thA- vaha kaSAyoM aura vAsanAoM ke AdhIna nahIM the; balki niyamita dhArmika jIvana bitAte the / unake apane 'proSadhabhavana'

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( 132 ) ekAntavAsa ke liye bane huye the jahA~ vaha parva divasoM meM upavAsa dhAraNa karake dharmadhyAna meM sanaya bitAte the aura loka kA upakAra karate the| isa prakAra bhavya jIvoM ko dharma-sanbodhana dete huye bhagavAn magadha se vihAra karake dUra-dUra dezoM taka gaye the / jaba vaha himAlaya kI talahaTI meM vihAra karate ye zrAvatI nagarI na pahu~ce the, taba AjIvikoM kA vahA prAvalya thA / loga anAnA bAda me vahe jA rahe the-bhAgya bharose rahane ke kAraNa sAhasa ko kho baiThe the| bha0 mahAvIra ke divyopadeza se unhoMne apane ajAna ko dho bAlA aura ve dharma putyAdhI bana gaye / zrAvatI ke rAjA prasenajita (agnidatta) ne bhakti parvaka bhagavAn kA abhivandana kiyaa| unakI rAnI mallikA ne eka sabhAgRha vanavAyA, jisame brAhmaNa, jainI Adi paraspara tatvacarcA kiyA karataM the|2 zrAvantI se bhagavAna kauzala ke vaipaTro Adi nagaroM meM dharmavarSA karate huye vicare the| mithilA nagarI bhI bhagavAn ke zubhAgamana se kRtArtha huI thii| vaha videha deza kI rAjadhAnI thii|3 polAzapura meM bhagavAn kA svAgata rAjA vijayasena ne bar3e Adara se kiyA thaa| rAjakumAra aimatta bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM muni huA thA / aMgadeza ke mAnavoM ko garva thA ki prabhU mahAvIra ke samAna mahAn jagataguru aura nArgadarzaka dvArA unakI mAtabhami pavitra huI hai| aGga 1. lAhA, mahAvIra pRSTa 35-36 2. sai0, bhA0 2 vaDa : pRSTha 13-64 3. nepAla kI sarahada para banakapura nAmaka grAma mithilA anumAna kI jAtI hai| murArapura aura irangA jiloM kI saMyaka mImA se vaha uttara meM hai|

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( 133 ) adhinAyaka kuNika ne campA me bhagavAn kA svAgata kiyA thA aura vaha kauzAmbI taka unake sAtha gayA thaa| campA me hI rAjA dadhivAhana, jo vimalavAhana munirAja ke nikaTa pahale hI muni ho gaye the, bha0 mahAvIra ke saMgha meM sammilita hue the| jaba bha. mahAvIra kA samavazaraNa kauzAmbI nagarI meM pahuMcA, to vahA~ ke nRpati zatAnIka bhagavAn ke upadeza se prabhAvita hokara muni ho gaye the| udayan rAjA huA thaa| banArasa me tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI vinayabhakti vahA~ ke rAjA jitazana ne vizeSa rUpa meM kI thI / vahA~ ke cUlastIpiyA aura sUradeva nAmaka gahasthoM ne apanI patniyoM sahita zrAvaka ke vrata grahaNa kiye the| rAjaputrI muNDikA bhI AryikA vRSabhazrI ke udyoga se jainI huI thii| ekadA bhagavAn kA samozaraNa kaliGga deza me bhI suzobhita huA thaa| kaliga ke rAjA jitazatra bha0 mahAvIra ke pitA siddhArtha ke vahanoI the / unhoMne bhagavAn kezubhAgamana para vizeSa Ananda manAyA thaa| anta me vaha nigrantha muni ho gaye the| bhagavAn kA dharma pravacana saMbhavata kumAroparvata para huA thA / isa ora ke puNDa, baGga, tAmralipti Adi dezoM meM bhI jinendra vIra kA vihAra huA thA aura vahA~ ke loga ahiMsAdharma ke upAsaka bane the| sudUra dakSiNa bhArata me bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra kA sukhada vihAra huA thaa| jaba bhagavAna hemAMga deza (maisUravartI deza) meM pahuMce tava vahA~ pratApI jIvandhara rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| rAjapura usa kI rAjadhAnI thI, jisake pAsa 'suramalaya' nAmaka udyAna thaa| 1. saMjaii0, bhA0 2 khaDa 1 pRSTha 64-65 2. saMjaii0, bhA0 2 khaMDa 1 1016 -

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( 134 ) prabha mahAvIra kA samozaraNa isI udyAna meM avatarita huA thaa| rAjA jIvandhara ne bhagavAna ke darzana karake apane bhAgya ko marAhA aura vaha muni dIkSA lekara vIra saMva meM sammilita hogayA |vihaar karate huye jaba vaha rAjagRha pahuMce taba vipulAcala parvata se usI samaya mukta huye jisa samaya mahAvIra svAmI pAvAse mokSa gaye the| udhara se uttarApatha kI ora Ate huye bhagavAn kA samozaraNa podanapura meM bhI avatarita huA pratIta hotA hai| vahA~ kA rAjA vidUdAja bhagavAn kA bhakta thA / / ___ mAlavA aura rAjapUtAnA kI vIrabhUmi bhI bha0 mahAvIra kI pAvana padaraja se pavitra ho cukI anumAnita hotI hai| ujjaina meM bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta rAjA candrapradyota the, jinane upAdhyAya kAlasaMdIva se mlecchabhASA sIkhI thI / kAlasaMdIva jainamuni huye the aura apane ziSya svetasaMdIva sahita vIra saMgha meM sammilita huye the| rAjA pradyotana bhI muni huye the / 2 ujjaina ke pAsa hI dazArNa nAmaka deza thA / usa samaya vahA~ ke rAjA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nikaTa sambandhI the| unhoMne avazya hI apane hitaipI-loka hitepI sarvajJa prabhu kA svAgata kiyA thaa| usa samaya mevAr3a prAnta meM madhyAmikA nAmaka nagarI prakhyAta thii| vahA~ ke nAgarika bha0 mahAvIra ke ananya bhakta the| vIra nirvANa saM084 meM unhoMne vahA~ bhagavAn kA smAraka sthApA thaa|3 sindhu sauvIra pradeza kI rAjadhAnI rokanagara meM bhI / bhagavAn kA samavazaraNa pahu~cA thaa| sindhu sauvIra ke rAjA udayana ne bhagavAn kI vinaya-bhakti kI aura vaha svayaM muni dIkSA lekara vIrasaMgha meM sammilita ho gaye the| 1. saha., bhA0 2 saDha : pR0 62-66 2. saMda0, mA0 2 khaMDa 1 pR0 66-10 3... saMjaiha, bhA0 2 khada pR0 12-101 -

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( 135 ) paMjAba meM sambhavataH gAMdhAradeza kI rAjadhAnI takSazilA bha0 mahAvIra ke zubhAgamana se pavitra huI thii| vahA~ hI nikaTa meM koTerA grAma ke pAsa eka pahAr3I para bha0 ke zubhAgamana ko sUcita karane vAlA dhvaMsa maMdira vidyamAna batAyA gayA hai| uttara bhAratIya sauradeza kI rAjadhAnI matharA eka prAcIna aura prakhyAta nagara hai| bha0 mahAvIra ke zubhAgamana se vaha bhI kRtArtha huA thaa| uditodaya vahA~ kA rAjA thaa| usakA rAjaseTha jainadharma kA dRr3ha upAsaka thaa| usane bhagavAna ke nikaTa vratadhAraNa kiye the / 2 __pAJcAla deza kI rAjadhAnI kAmpilya (kampilA) me bhI bhagavAn kA samavazaraNa avatarA thaa| yahAM kA jaya nAmaka rAjA nigrantha muni ho pratyeka buddha huA thA / zrAvaka kunda koliya ne sapatnI vrata dhAraNa kiye the 2 isa prakAra prAyaH samagra bhAratavarSa me bha0 mahAvIrakA pavitra vihAra huA pratIta hotA hai| usa para 'hari vaMzaparANa" me jina dezoM ko vIra vihAra huA likhA hai, unameM se kucha bhArata ke bAhara pratIta hote hai| prAcInakAla me bhAratakI sImAyeM aphagAnistAna se bhI dUra taka phailI huI thiiN| ataH Azcarya hI kyA vahAM, balki unase bhI,dUra ke dezoM me vIra-vihAra huA ho ! AryakhaDa meM unakA samAveza hai aura tIrthakara AryakhaMDa meM vihAra karate hI haiM ! yavana zruti, kAtha toya, surabhIru, tANa, kArNa Adi deza bhArata vAhya pratIta hote haiN| abhaya rAja kumAra ke mitra Ardaka pArasya (IrAna) ke rAja kumAra the| vaha bha. mahAvIra ke bhakta huye the| laga bhaga pAca sau yavana (yoGkA Greeks) bhI bha0 mahAvIra 1. saMjai ha0, bhA0 2 khara 1 pa0 69-101 2. saMje ha0, bhA. 2 khara 1 pR066-17 -

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( 136 ) ke bhakta hue the phaNika ( Phoenccia ) deza ke vaNika bhI jinendra mahAvIra ke bhakta the | bhagavAna ke samavazaraNa me hI vahA~ ke eka vyApArI ne munitrata dhAraNa kiyA thA / bhArata me jaba vaha gaMgAnadI pAra kara rahe the, tava AdhI-pAnI ke Ane se nAva ulaTa gaI, parantu ina dharma-vIra ne DUbate 2 karmoM kA nAza karake mokSapada pAyA thA sArAMzata bha0 mahAvIra kA antima jIvana nirantara lokakalyANa ke liye samyakajJAna aura abhaya dAna kI punIta sukhadhArA vahA dene me vyatIta huA / eka hajAra ATha AroM vAle camacamAte ratnamaI dharmacakra ke sAtha hI indra bhagavAn ke ahiMsA dharma kA--gaUsiMha ko premasUtra meM gumphita karake samatA aura maitrIbhAva sirajAne vAlA jinendra-dhvaja ( jhaMDA ) liye vIravihAra meM Age 2 calatA thA / nara-surAsuroM ke atirikta muniAryikA zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpI caturvidhi saMgha bhI vihAra me sAtha hotA thA / yogirAT tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI puNyadhArA cahu~ ora mahIme sukha-zAnti vistAra detI thI / prakRti nava ullAsa meM thirakane lagatI thI / saMsAra ke prANI svata samajha jAte the, unakA trANa kahA~ hai ? unako zaraNa kahA~ milegI ? aura vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke caraNoM meM Akara natamastaka hote the / ataH svAmI samantabhadrAcAryajI ne yaha ThIka hI kahA hai ki prabhu vIra | ApakA ahiMsA aura abhayadAna sahita uttama vihAra lokopakAra ke liye hI huA / .

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(15) caturvidha vIra-saMgha aura nimrantha-guru 'atha bhagamansammApaddivyaM vaibhAra parvataM ramyaM / cAturvarNya-saMghastatrAbhUd gautamaprabhUti' // 13 // -nirvANabhakti jisa samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra kevalajJAnI hokara vaibhAra parvata para padhAre aura unake upadeza ko sunakara indrabhati, vAyubhati aura agnibhati nAmaka vaidika-dharmAnuyAyI brAhmaNa jainadharma me dIkSita ho gaye, usa samaya saMgha kI vyavasthA kI jAnA Avazyaka huii| kintu bha0 mahAvIra kI udAsIna vRtti thI / unhoMne icchA ko jIta liyA thA aura unheM yaha khayAla svapna meM bhI nahIM huA thA ki ve apane anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA bar3hAne kA prayatna kreN| vaha to usa AdhyAtmika pariparNatA kI paramoccadazA ko prApta ho cuke the jisame moha aura lobha nahIM, darzana aura jJAna hI daidIpyamAna hote hai| aura yaha prakRta sulabha hai ki darzana aura jJAna ke jIvita prakAza puJja ke samparka me jo bhI bhAgyazAlI prANI AveM, ve svayameva unase prabhAvita hovevastutaH unakI AtmA kA hita sadha jAve aura ve bhagavAn ke bhakta bana jAve-unake samparkako kalyANakArI mAne / bhagavAna ne sasAra ke sammukha sukha prApti ke mUla sAdhana svarUpa samyagadarzanajJAna-cAritrarUpI ratnatraya kA piTArA rakha diyA thaa| vaha piTArA cintAmaNi ratna kI taraha hI mumunuo ko icchita phala ko dene vAlA thaa| usame yaha vizeSatA thI ki vaha hamezA rahane vAlI cIja hai-zAzvata hai ! jo sukha cAhe vaha usase lAbha uThAye aura 1. bha. mahAvIra ke vihAra viSayaka dezoke paricara ke liye pariziSTa naM0 2 dekho|

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( 138 ) jo vahakA hI rahe, vaha bhale hI bhaTakatA phire| bha0 mahAvIra ko loka kI isa pravRtti meM na harSa thA aura na viSAda ! vaha jAnate the ki kisI upadeza ko balAtkAra kisI ke gale meM nahIM utArA jA sakatA aura vaise upadeza ko kisI ke matthe mar3hane se koI lAbha nhiiN| isaliye unhoMne pratyeka prANI ko apanI vRddhi se-viveka se kAma lene kA avasara diyaa| vAjAra meM eka paise kI miTTI kI iMDiyA ko bhI loga jaba Thoka vajA kara kharIdate haiM, taba apane jIvana ke sudhAra aura vigAr3a vAle masale ko unheM kyoM A~kha mIMca kara grahaNa karanA cAhiye ? isa mantavya kI siddhi ke liye mumukSu ko apanI sArI mAnasika zakti aura viveka ko prayakta karanA cAhiye-nirmala hRdaya se parIkSA karake satya ko grahaNa karanA caahiye| indrabhati gautama Adi aneka mumukSuoM ne tarka aura nyAya kI kasauTI para bha0 mahAvIra ke upadiSTa jJAna ko kasA aura jaba use sau Taca sonA-samAna nikhila satya pAyA tava vaha unakI zaraNa meM Aye ! bha0 mahAvIra kI yahI vizeSatA rahI ki unhoMne kisI se apanA anuyAI banane ke liye nahIM kahA aura na koI pralobhanayA bhaya dikhaayaa| unhoMne vaijJAnika rIti se dharma kA svarUpa pratipAdA~jo cAhe usase kAma le / Akhira vizva kA utkRSTa kalyANa karane ke liye hI unake tIrthakara pada kA nirmANa huA thA / ataH vaha yaha icchA karate hI kaise ki sArI duniyA~ unake jhaDe ke nIce calI Aya ? unhoMne kevala manuSyoM ko dharma kI ora Rja kiyAvaha vAtAvaraNa utpanna kiyA jisase manuSya hRdaya meM dharma aura setya ke liye ruci utpanna ho / unakI isa satya-zailI kA hI yaha pariNAma thA ki unake ziSyoM aura bhaktoM kI saMkhyA dina-dUnI bar3hI thii| ziSyoM kI saMkhyA vRddhi se hI yaha AvazyakatA utpanna huI ki saMgha kI vyavasthA kI jAve!

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( 136 ) yU~ to jainadharma aura jainasaMgha bha0 mahAvIra se prAcIna thA - vaha bha0 mahAvIra ke samaya ke pahale bhI vidyamAna thA, kyoMki tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ne usakI punarsthApanA kI thI / kintu bha0 mahAvIra ke samaya taka loka paristhiti itanI badala cukI thI ki usa prAcIna jaina saMgha kA punaruddhAra honA Avazyaka thaa| bha0 mahAvIra ke 'vIra- saMgha' kI caturvidha vyavasthA ne usa AvazyakatA ko pUrNa kiyA / bhagavAn kI zaraNa meM aneka bhavya prANI Aye the / koI muni huA thA - kisI ne udAsIna utkRSTa zrAvaka ke vrata dhAraNa kiye the aura vaha bhagavAn ke sAtha rahane lagA thaa| jo puruSa ghara kA moha nahIM chor3a sake the, vaha mAtra bhagavAn ke bhakta bana gaye the-aise asaMyata samyagdRSTi aura aNuvratI ghara meM rahakara hI dharma prabhAvanA kara rahe the / unheM sva para kalyANa karane meM rasa AtA thA / puruSa hI nahIM, bha0 mahAvIra ke sagha meM striyoM ko bhI apane bhAgya nirmANa kA pUrNa avasara prApta huA thA / aneka ramaNiyoM ne mahAvrata dhAraNa kiye the---ve AryikA banIM thIM aura kaI eka kSullikA hokara rahIM thIM / jinhe gRhasthI se mamatA bAkI thI, ve bhagavAn kA nAma aura kAma japatI huI ghara meM hI rahIM thIM / isa prakAra bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta do taraha ke the: - (1) gRhatyAgI aura (2) gRhavAsI ! gRhavAsI bhakta kevala vratI aura vratI zrAvaka aura zrAvikAyeM thIM; parantu gRhatyAgI bhakta jo nirantara bhagavAn ke sAtha 2 vihAra karate the, muni aura AryikA bhI the / ataH 'vIra saMgha' caturvidha rUpa arthAt (1) muni, (2) AryikA (3) zrAvaka, (4) aura zrAvikA rUpa thA / katipaya zvetAmvarIya zAstroM meM muni aura AryikAoM se hI yukta vIra saMgha batAyA hai - zrAvaka zrAvikAoM ko vaha ghara meM rahane vAle dharmArAdhaka ( gihiNo gihimajjha vasantA -- upAsakadazAsUtra 2 / 116 ) batAte hai; parantu yaha ThIka nahIM hai-tvayaM zvetAmbarIya

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( 140) 'kalpasUtra' (JS. Pt. I ) meM vIrasagha ke cAro aMgoM kA ullekha hai| zvetAmbarAcArya zrI hemacandra bhI bha0 mahAvIra kA. saMgha catuvidha-rUpa hI batAte haiM ! (nipasAda yathAsthAna saMghastatra catu vidhH|-pri0 parva 1) udhara bauddha graMthoM meM bhI bhagavAna ke saMgha me nimranya muniyoM ke atirikta zvetavaladhArI ekazATaka gahatyAgI utkRSTa zrAvakoM aura jullikAoM ke astitva sUcaka ullekha milate haiN| vauddha grantha 'dIghanikAya' se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki,bha. mahAvIrajI kA apanA saMgha thA, jo gaNoM meM vibhakta thA kyoMki usame bhagavAna ko sagha aura gaNa kA AcArya likhA hai| (niganTho nAtapatto saMghI ce va garaNI ca gaNAcAryo ca ) / zrI jinasenAcAryajI ke kathana se yaha spaSTa hai ki vIrasaMgha meM gaNabheda vidyamAna thA / unhoMne likhA hai ki "bhagavAna ke indrabhUti, agnibhUti, vAyubhUti, zucidatta, sudharma, mAMDavya, mauryapatra, akampana, acala, medArya aura prabhAsa ye gyAraha gaNavara the| ye samasta hI sAta prakAra ko RddhiyoM se sampanna aura dvAdazAMga ke vettA the // 40-43 // tama, dIpta Adi tapaddhi (1), caturvaddhi vikriyA (2), akSINaddhi (3), auSadhi (4), labdhi (5), rasa (6) aura bala Rddhi (20) ye sAta RddhiyAM haiM // 47 // 'doSanikAya' (mA0 3 pR. 110-110) meM ma0 mahAvIra ke nirvANoparAnta nirmanya muniyoM ke paraspara vivAda karane kA uklesa hai, jise dekhakara sagha ke prAvaka dukhI huye the / gRhatyAgI utkRSTa zrAvaka 'ekzATaka' kahalAte the| vughoSa ne inheM eka vasadhArI-laMgoTI yA khaMTa celaghArI kahA hai| ( manoratha pUriNI 3) 'yerIgAthA' meM aise uslekha hai, jinase patA calatA hai ki AryikAnoM ke atirika gRhasyAgI utkRSTa prAvikA (bullikA) bhI vIrasaMgha meM thiiN| (bhamavu0, pR. 258-216)

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( 141 ) gautama Adi pAMca gaNadharoM ke milakara saba ziSya daza hajAra chai sau pacAsa aura pratyeka ke do hajAra eka sau tIsa 2 the| The aura sAtaveM gaNadharoM ke milakara saba ziSya ATha sau pacAsa aura pratyeka ke cAra sau paccIsa 2 the| zeSa cAra gaNadharoM meM pratyeka ke cha sau paccIsa 2 aura saba milakara DhAI hajAra the| evaM saba milakara caudaha hajAra the||45-46||" isa varNana se prakaTa hai ki pahale ke pAMca gaNadhara alagaalaga eka 2 gaNa kI sArasambhAla karate the / parantu chaThe aura sAtaveM gaNadhara milakara eka gaNa kI vyavasthA rakhate the aura anta ke cAra gaNadharoM kA bhI eka saMyukta gaNa DhAI hajAra muniyoM kA thaa| kula gyAraha gaNadhara sAta gaNoM kI sAra-saMbhAla karate the| zravaNavelgola ke zilAlekha naM0 105 ( 254 ) me spaSTata. vIrasagha me sAta gaNoM kA ullekha hai / ina gaNoM ke munigaNa mahAna tapasvI, mahAvidvAn aura mahimA sampanna lokoddhAraka the| unameM tIna sau munigaNa to aGga-pUrvagata jJAna ke jAnane vAle the-jaina siddhAnta zruta ke pAragAmI the| nau sau munigaNa anuttaravAdI the-unake tarka, nyAya aura vaktatva zakti ke sAmane koI Tika nahIM sakatA thA ! teraha sau munigaNa avadhi .."tasyAbhavan sadasi vIra jinasya siddhasaddha yo gaNagharA: kina _____ rudra saTa syAH / meM dhArayanti zubhadarzana bodhavRtte midhyAnayAdapi gaNAn vinivArya _ vizvAn // 1 // pUrvazAniha nAdimo'vadhijaSo bIparyaya jJAnina:--seve krima kAzca zikSaka-yatIkaivasyamAjo'pyaman / ispagmyambunidhinayosara nizAnAthAstikAyazzate-doneAvA. patarapi-mitAnsapva-nisya gaNAn ||6||"-jai0shi0sN0, . 18

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( 142 ) jJAna (Clairovoyance ) ke dhArI the-ve apane vizeSa jJAna se pUrva janmoM aura dUradezoM kI bAta batAte the| pAMca sau munigaNa dhI paryAyajJa-cAra jJAna ke dhArI the| nau sau sAdhugaNa vaikriyaka Rddhi ke dhArI the-vaha manacAhA rUpa dhAraNa karane ko samartha the| zatAdhika yogIjana zijJaka the / ve ziSyoM ko jJAnadAna dene vAle upAdhyAya the| sAta sau munirATa kevalajJAnI thevaha bhI sAmAnya rUpa meM sarvajJa aura sarvadazI the| sAdhAraNa muni 6600 the| kintu zvetAmbarIya AmnAya me vIrasaMgha nau gaNoM meM vibhakta nimna prakAra batAyA hai(1) prathama mukhya gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama, gautama gotra ke the aura unake gaNa meM 500 zramaNa the| (2) dUsare gaNadhara agnibhUti bhI gautama gotra ke the| unake gaNa meM bhI 500 muni the| (3) tIsare gaNadhara vAyubhati bhI bhAI the| inake gaNa meM bhI 500 muni the|| (4) Arya vyakta cauthe gaNadhara bhAradvAja gotra ke the, jinake gaNa meM bhI 500 zramaNa the| agni vaizyAyana gotra ke pAMcaveM gaNadhara sadharmAcArya the, jinake AdhIna bhI 500 zramaNa the| (6) maNDikaputra athavA maNDitaputra vaziSTa gona ke the aura 250 zramaNoM ke yogacArya kA niyantraNa karate the| (7) mauryaputra kAzyapagotrI bhI 250 muniyoM ke gaNadhara the| (8) akampita gautamagotrI aura haritAyana gotra ke acala vrata donoM hI sAtha 2 tIna sau zramaNoM kA pathapradarzana karate the| hari0 pR. 20

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( 143 ) (E) maitreya aura prabhAsa kauMDinya gotra ke the| donoM ke saMyukta gaNa meM 300 muni the / (kalpasUtra J. S. I. 265 ) ataH zvetAmbara matAnusAra mahAvIrajI ke gyAraha gaNadhara, nau vRnda (gaNa) aura 4200 zramaNa mukhya the| inake sivAya aura bahuta se zramaNa aura ajiMkAyeM thIM, jinakI saMkhyA kama se caudaha hajAra aura chattIsa hajAra thii| zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA 150000 thI aura zrAvikAyeM 318000 thiiN| zrI guNabhadrAcArya jI ne 'uttarapurANa' ( parva 74) me vIrasaMgha ke muniyoM, AryikAoM aura anya bhaktoM ke viSaya me likhA hai ki "zrI varddhamAna ke indroM ke dvArA pUjya aise gyAraha gaNadhara hue| inake sivAya tIna sau gyAraha aMga caudaha pUrvo ke jAnakAra the| 6600 vAstavika saMyama ko dhAraNa karane vAle zikSaka muni the, 1300 avadhijJAnI the, 720 kevalajJAnI arahaMta parameSThI the / 600 vikriyA Rddhi ko dhAraNa karanevAle munirAja the aura pAMca sau pajya mana'paryaya jJAnI the| tathA cAra sau anuttaravAdI the / isa prakAra saba munIzvaroM kI saMkhyA 14000 thiiN| isI prakAra 36000 candanA Adi arjikAeM thIM, eka lAkha zrAvaka the, tIna lAkha bhAvikAyeM thIM aura asaMkhyAta deva-deviyA~ thiiN|" 2 saubhAgyazIla aneka tiryaMca bhI vIrasaMgha meM AtmasukhAya upasthita rahate the| Akhira bhagavAn kA samozaraNa samasta loka bhuvanAzraya hI to thA! caturvidha mahAvIra saMgha kA dhArmika zAsana gaNadharoM athavA gaNAcAryoM ke AdhIna thA; tathApi AryikAsagha kA netRtva satIsAdhvI candanA ko hI prApta thaa| saMgha kI vyavasthA ke liye 1. caMbhama0, pR0 181 2. u0pu0 parva 74, zloka 373-376

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samudAra niyama bane huye the, jinakA pAlana yathocita rIti se kiyA jAtA thA / kadAcit kAryazAt koI mArgabhRSTa hotA thA, to use saMgha kI samupasthiti meM prAyazcita kara use pUrvapada para sthApita kara dete the / sAtyaki muni aura jyeSThA AryikA ke udAharaNa ullekhanIya haiN| vaise saba hI muni-AryikA dharma niyamoMkA pAlana bar3I satarka dRSTi aura vivekabhAva se karate thehara koI jJAna-dhyAna aura tapazcaraNa meM lIna rahatA thaa| bhAvoM taka me nirmalatA rakhate the| unhoMne Akhira saMsAra tyAga bhautika prayAsoM aura pralobhanoM ko asAra jAna kara hI kiyA thAapanI ugalI huI vastu ko vaha puna kaise gahaNa karate ? AzApizAcinI ko unhoMne naSTa kara diyA thaa| vaha karma-bandhana se mukta hone ke liye hara samaya AtmasvarUpa ke cintavana me lIna rahate the| muni ke aTThAIsa mUla guNoM ko pAlate the hamezA nagna rahate the aura udyAnoM meM raha kara hI apane jJAna anubhavo aura siddhiyoM se loka kA 'upakAra karate the aura svayaM apanI AtmA kI unnati karate jAte the| nagara-grAmoM ke bAhara munijanoM kI jJAna goSThiyA~ hotI thIM unameM kevala zuSka tatvajJAna hI nahIM nirUpA jAtA thA, balki laukika jIvana kI ulajhI gutthiyoM ko sulamAne ke lie bhI carcA vArtA huA karatI thiiN| bahuta se muni aura AryikAye vAda-pravAda-kAla meM niSNAta the-ve nagaroM me jAkara anya matAvalambI diggaja AcAyoM se vAda karate the| cU ki zrAvaka saMgha unakA bhakta thA-vaha unake sasarga meM rahakara jJAnasaMcaya karatA thaa| upAdhyAya muni aura AryikAyeM zrAvakoM ke vAlaka-bAlikAoM ko brahmacarya pAlana karAte huye unheM yogya zikSA aura dIkSA dete the| isaliye aise 2 zrAvaka bhI maujUda the, jo acche 2 vidvAnoM se tAtvika carcA aura vAda karate the| g2az2a yaha ki sAdhu-sAdhvI nirantara jJAna kA udyota karane aura

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( 145 ) apanA jJAna aura tapa dhana bar3hAne meM lIna rahate the / vaha vAhya jagata se bilkula nirlipta the - kisI kA nimantraNa taka svIkAra nahIM karate the aura na zarIra kI sthiratA ke liye kisI se bhikSA mAMgate the / vaha niyamita velA para nagara me jAte the aura jo koI vidhipUrvaka unako AhAra detA thA, use lete the / vaha AhAra unake liye khAsa taura para nahIM banAyA jAtA thAgRhasthI me jo nityaprati AhAra banatA ho usIme se akasmAta pahu~ca kara le lete the / unakI bhrAmarI vRtti thI / kahA bhI hai:" jahA dummassa pupphesu bhamaro Aviyai rasam / ya puSkaM kilAmei so a pIraNei appayam // emee samaraNA muttA je loe saMti sAhuNo / vihagamA va pupphesu dAraNabhattesaNArayA // " arthAt - jisa prakAra drumoM - vRkSoM para phUle huye puSpoM se bhramara rasa saMcaya karatA hai aura rasa ko pIte huye puSpako jarA bhI pIr3A nahIM pahu~cAtA, usI prakAra samasta moha-mamatA se mukta sacce sAdhuoM kA vyavahAra hai / jaise bhramara puSpoM ke rasa saMcaya karane se santuSTa hotA hai vaise hI sAdhu bhI vidhipUrvaka mile huye dAna se santuSTa hote haiM / sAdhu jIvana kA zuddha- nirvAha zrAvaka saMgha para hI avalambita hai / isI kAraNa vIrasaMgha me zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ko bhI sammilita kiyA gayA thA / bauddhasaMgha kI taraha bha0 mahAvIra ne gRhastha upAsakoM ko bhulA nahIM diyA thA / zrAvaka saMghake agraNI zaMkha yA zataka nAmaka vyakti the aura gRhastha upAsikAoM me sulasA aura revatI prasiddha thIM / zrAvikA jayanti bhI vizeSa bhakta aura khUba viduSI mahilA thI | kahate haiM ki usane bha0 mahAvIra se 1. yaha nAma zvetAmbarIya zAstrAnusAra haiM | dekho caMbhamA, pR0 176 -

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( 146 ) zaGkA-samAdhAna kiyA thaa| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki sAdhusAdhvI saMghoM se zrAvaka-zrAvikAo ke saghoM kA nikaTa sambandha thaa| ve eka dUsare ke upakArI the| gRhastha-zrAvaka jahA~ muniprAyikAoM ke zarIroM ko sthira rakhane meM sahAyaka the, vahA~ muniAryikA zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ko laukika aura vArmika zikSA dekara unakI AtmAoM kA kalyANa karate the| zrAvakoM ke jIvana bama kI vAsanA me rage huye the aura ve itane jJAnavAna the ki svaya apanA AcAra vicAra zuddha rakhate the, kiMvA koI sAdhu sanmAna se bhaTakatA dikhatA thA to use bhI dRr3ha kara sudhAra dete the| isakA artha yaha huA ki sAdhasaMgha kA ekAdhipatya zAsana nahIM thA, valki zrAvakoM kA bhI niyaMtraNa saMghavyavasthA meM kAryakArI thaa| isa vaijJAnika vyavasthA kA hI yaha suphala hai ki Aja bhI mahAvIra saMghame prAyaH vahI vyavasthA vidyamAna hai| usa samaya to usane bar3e 2 rAjAoM aura paMDitoM ko bhI namA liyA thaa| sabhI jAti ora varga ke loga jainasaMghame sammilita huye the / zatAnIka, ceTaka aura udayana sahaza rAjA, abhayakumAra, vAriSeNa Adi tulya rAjakumAra aura indrabhUti gautama Adi aneka brAhmaNa vidvAn di0 muni huye the| candanA, jyeSThA prabhati aneka rAjakumAriyA~ ajiMkAyeM huI thiiN| ajiMkAyeM viduSo aura tapasvI thiiN| ve eka gAr3he kapar3e kI sapheda sAr3I pahanakara hI garamIsaradI ke parISaha sahana karatI thiiN| muniyoM kI taraha hI kaThina vrata-saMyama aura AtmasamAdhi kA abhyAsa karatI thiiN| apane 1. kathA graMthoM meM aise kaI udAharaNa milate haiM, jinase isa vyAkhyA kI puSTi hotI hai| udAharaNa svarUpa zreNika ma0 kI kathA ko liijiye| unhoMne eka muni ko sambodhA hI thA, jise unhoMne eka dhobI se lar3atA humA dekhA thaa|

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( 147 ) vAloM kA udAsInabhAva se keza lAMca karatI thIM-muni bhI isa vIracaryA ke abhyasta the| zarIra me unhe mamatA nahIM thI duniyA mehetI hI kyA? usake saMsarga se alaga rahakara jo mahilAyeM apanA kalyANa cAhatIM ve unakI saMgati se lAbha uThAtI thii| vidupI candanA ke atirikta unakI mAmI yazasvatI bhI vizeSa prakhyAt sAdhvI thI / candanA kI bahana jyeSThA ne unhIM se dIkSA lI thii| ina yAyikAoM kA tyAgamaI jIvana pUrNa pavitratAkA Adarza thA-ve mahAna paMDitA thii| usa samaya ve deza me vihAra karake dharma pracAra aura jJAna prakAza phailAtI thii| pada dalita aura nirAza mahilAyoM ke liye bhI vIrasaMghakA dvAra khulA huA thAvaha unake liye zaraNagRha thaa| rAjagRhake rAjakoThArI kI putrI bhadrA kundala kesA eka DAkU ke rUpa para aisI mohita huI ki usI se usane vyAha kara liyaa| parantu usane dekhA DAkU usase nahIM usake gahanoM se adhika moha karatA hai / vaha jIvana se nirAza huI aura jainasaMghame Akara AryikA hogii| usane kezaloMca kiyA aura eka sapheda sADI pahana lI-saMghame rahakara usakI kAyApalaTa hogaI-vaha eka viduSI tapasvI banI / deza me vihAra karake usane logoM ko prabhAvita kiyaa| zrAvastI meM prasiddha cauddha AcArya sArIputra se bhI usane vAda kiyA thA / baudvazAstra me isa prakAra eka jaina sAdhvI kA varNana AryikA saMva kI upayogitA kA hI pramANa hai ! vIra saMghame jo darjA eka muni kA thA, AryikA kAbhI upacAra se utanA hIthA-vaha bhI 'mahAvratI' kahI gaI hai !2 nisandeha bha. mahAvIra kA upadeza saba hI ke 1. therIgAthA--bhamava0 pU0 254-261 2. aSTapAhuba pa. 73. vaise AryikAyeM pAMcave guNasthAnavartI hI hotI

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( 146 ) liya eka samAna thA-unake nikaTa jAti aura liGga nahIMguNa mAnya the! avazeSa gaNadharoM meM zrI sudharmAcAryajI pAMcaveM aura vizeSa prakhyAt the / vIra-nirvANa ke pazcAt indrabhUti gautama ke mukta ho jAne para vahI saMgha ke netA huye the aura kevalajJAnI ho gaye the| unhoMne vIra saMgha kA netRtva bAraha varSoM taka kiyA thaa| vaha bhI janma-se brAhmaNa the / unakA gotra agnivaizvAyana thaa| vaha 'lohArya nAmase bhI prasiddha the| kollagasanniveza meM unakA janma dhanmila purohita aura brAhmaNI bhadrilA ke ghara meM huA thaa| unakI prAya sau varSa kI thii| muni jIvana meM unhoMne sAre bhArata meM vihAra kiyA thaa| paMDavarddhana (baMgAla) meM unakAvihAra aura dharmapracAra vizeSarUpa meM huA thA / " zeSa nau gaNadhara bha0 mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM hI mukta ho gaye the| cauthe gaNadhara avyakta athavA zucidatta nAmaka the| vaha bhI bhAradvAja gotrI brAhmaNa the aura jainadharma meM dIkSita huye the| kuNDagrAma ke pAsa hI kollagasanniveza ke brAhmaNa dhanamitra aura brAhmaNI vAhaNI unake pitA-mAtA the| vaha asI varSa kI Ayu meM mukta huye the| chaThe gaNadhara maDikaputra bhI vaziSTagotrI brAhmaNa the| vaha mauryAlya deza meM dhanadeva ke ghara vijayAdevI kI kokha se janme the / sAtaveM gaNadhara mauryaputra kAzyapa gotra ke the aura mauryAsyadeza unakI janma bhUmi thii| inake pitA purohita mauryaka nAma ke the| inakI Aya 65 varSa kI thii| AThaveM gaNadhara akampita yA akampana bhI gautamagotrI brAhmaNa the| mithilApuravAsI vipradeva inake pitA aura jayantI mAtA thiiN| 78 varSa kI Aya meM yaha mukta huye| naveM gaNadhara acalavata 1- saMvei0, nA. 2 khara 1 pR0 123-122

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( 146 ) athavA dhavala the / vaha bhI haritApana gotra ke brAhmaNa the / unakA janma kauzalapurI me basu brAhmaNa ke ghara me huA thA / nandA unakI mAtA thI / 72 varSa kI Ayu me vaha mukta hue / dasave maitreya aura antima gaNadhara prabhAsa bhI kaunDinya gotra ke brAhmaNa the / maitreya ko metArya athavA medArya bhI kahate haiM / vaha vatsadeza meM turaMgikAkhya grAma ke nivAsI brAhmaNa bala ke gRha meM unakI strI bhadrA kI kokha se janme the |" * bauddhazAstroM meM bhI katipaya una mahAnubhAvoM kA ullekha hai jo eka samaya bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta the / 'majjhimanikAya meM cala sakalodAyI nAmaka nirgrantha muni ko paMcatratoM kA pratipAdana karate huye likhA hai / usI grantha me anyatra dIgha tapassI nAmaka muni kA ulla ekha hai, jinhoMne gautamabuddha se tIna daMDoM (manadaNDa. vacana daNDa aura kAyadaNDa ) para vArtAlApa kiyA thA / isa ghaTanA se unakA prabhAvazAlI honA prakaTa hai| surakkhatta nAmaka eka licchavi rAjaputra bhI prasiddha jainamuni the| pahale vaha bauddha the, kintu bAda me jainamuni huye the / jainamuni ke kaThina jIvana se vaha bhayabhIta huye aura phira gautamabuddha ke pAsa pahueNce; parantu unakI AtmatuSTi nahIM huI / isaliye vaha phira pATikaputra nAmaka jainamuni ke nikaTa jainadharma me dIkSita huye the / 2 isa udAharaNa se vIrasaMgha me vyaktigata vicAra svAtantrya kI mahattA spaSTa hotI hai / parIkSA pradhAnatA hI usameM mukhya thI ! zrAvastI ke kulaputra arjuna bhI eka samaya jainamuni the| jaina muniyoM kA prabhAva bauddha bhikSuoM para par3A thA - uname se kucha to jaina muniyoM kI dekhAdekhI nagna rahane lage the ! 3 Akhira usa samaya 1. sarjei0, mA0 2 khaMDa 1 pR0 127-126 kha * 2. saMjaiha bha0 2 khaMDa 1 pRSTha 131 " 3. i N se jai0, pR0 36

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( 150 ) nagnatA ( digambara bheSa ) kI mAnyatA vizeSa thI / 1 bauddha loga vaizAlI ke senApati siMha ko bha0 mahAvIra kA ananyabhakta pragaTa karate haiM / zrAvikA nandottarA ko vaha prasiddha vAdI batAte haiM - vaha tullikA thI !2 isa prakAra bha0 mahAvIra kA caturnikAya saMgha apanI vyavasthA, dharmaparAyaNatA aura lokopakAra ke liye prasiddha thA / jaina sagha apanI vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa Aja bhI bhArata meM vidyamAna hai, yadyapi jainetara logoM ne usako naSTa bhraSTa karane ke liye kabhI kucha uThA nahIM rakkhA thA / kintu jainadharma kA AdhAra vizuddha dharmajJAna hai | ataH vaha yAvacandra divAkara rahA aura rahegA ! 1. Iai, bhAga 1 pR0 162 2. namaghu0, pR0 21

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( 16 ) mamrATa zreNika vimbasAra aura prabhU vIra ! "vipulAcala para jinapara Aye, sunata zravaNa napa zreNika dhAye / mamavasarana sura dhanada banAye, jAsu ruciratA tribhuvana chAye // gautama gaNadhara aratha sunAye, dharma zravaNa kari pApa nasAye / zreNika solaha bhAvana bhAye, prakRti tIrthakara baMdha karAye // " kavi devIdAsa bhAratavarSa ke prAcIna itihAsa meM samrAT zreNika vimbasAra kA vaha camakatA huA nAma hai ki jisase bhAratIya itihAsakA prAmANika varNana prArambha hotA hai / jaina sAhitya meM unakA apUrva sthAna hai-vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke ananyabhakta aura jijJAsu the| jaina zAstra batAte haiM ki samrAT zreNika ne bha0 mahAvIra se sATha hajAra prazna kiye the| jainI kahate haiM ki kadAcit zreNika mahArAja tIrthakara mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa meM nahIM hote aura upayukta upayogI praznoM ko na pUchate to zAyada Aja ve jainadharma ko ThIka se jAnabhIna pAte / yaha mAnyatA samrATa zreNika ke samparka aura mahatva ko svayaM sthApita karatI hai| kAza! Aja vaha savahI praznottara milate hote milate haiM. para thor3e se| __ jaba zreNika magadha ke rAjasiMhAsana para baiThe, taba vaha eka choTA-sA rAjya thaa| rAjagaha usakI rAjadhAnI thii| zreNika

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( 152 ) se pratApI rAjA ko yaha asahya thaa| vaha buddhimAna bhI the| kauzala aura vRji rASTroM kI sImAye magadha se saTI huI thiiN| vRjiyoM aura kauzaloM ne jaba nRpa ceTaka ke netRtvame magadha para AkramaNa kiyA to zreNika ne unase sandhi kara lI | apane par3osiyoM se vaira acchA nahIM hotA, yaha sAdhAraNa nIti hai| uparAnta agadeza ko jItakara unhoMne magadha sAmrAjya kI samRddhi kI nIMva DAlI | Asa pAsa ke choTe 2 rAjyoM ko jItakara unhoMna saMgaThita rUpa meM magadha rAjya kI unnati kA sUtrapAta kiyaa| vaha magadha sAmrAjya ke sacce saMsthApaka the| isa rAjyavRddhi ko lakSya karake hI unhoMne apanI rAjadhAnI-rAjagaha phira se vasAI thii|2 jainazAstroM meM likhA hai ki unake rAjya karate samaya na to rAjya meM kisI prakAra kI anIti thI aura na kisI prakAra kA bhaya hI thA / prajA acchI taraha sukhAnubhava karatI thii| vaha janapadoM ke pAlaka, unake pitA aura purohita, dayAzIla evaM maryAdAzIla the| dAnavIra bhI khava the| sammeda zikhara parvata para unhoMne jinaniSadhikAyeM banavAI thIM 3 aura anya mandira nirmApe the| rAjagRha ke purAne khaMDaharoM se unake samaya kI mUrtiyAM Adi milI haiN| zreNika janma se jainI nahIM the| unake pitA rAjA upazreNika ne jaba unheM magadha se nirvAsita kara diyA thA, taba vaha kucha dinoM vauddhamaTha meM jAkara rahe the aura bauddha ho gae the| ghUmate1. 'uttarapurANa' meM ullekha hai ki ceTaka senA sahita magadhapurI ___ pahu~cA thaa| ( kadAcicceTako sattA sasenyo mAgama purN|) 2. saMi0 mA. 2 khaMDa 1 pa0 14-15 3. aiziyATika sosAiTojarnala, janavarI 1824

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( 153 ) phirate huye vaha dakSiNa bhArata ke kAMcIpura nagara meM jA pahuMce the| vahA~ unhoMne apanI vidyA aura kauzala se rAjasammAna prApta kiyA thA aura rAja purohita somazarmA kI kanyA nandazrI ke sAtha unakA vivAha huA thaa| zreNika ke jyeSTha patra abhaya rAja kumAra kA janma inhIM kI kokha se huA thA / kerala nareza mRgAka kI vilAsavatI kanyA se bhI unhoMne vivAha kiyA thaa| upazreNika ke pazcAt yadyapi cilAtaputra magadha ke rAjasiMghAsana para baiThA thA, parantu vaha zAsana sUtra saMbhAla na sakA aura vaibhAra parvata para prAcIna jaina saMgha ke datta nAmaka muni ke nikaTa sAdhu ho gayA thaa| uparAnta zreNika rAjA huA thaa| bha0 mahAvIra kI mausI aura rAjA ceTaka kI patrI celanI unakI agramahiSI huI thiiN| inhIM ke putra kuNika ajAta-zatra yavarAja hue the| vAriSeNa, halla, vidala, jitazatra, daMtikumAra aura meghakumAra unake bhAI the| zvetAmbarIya zAstroM meM unakI daza rAniyAM batAI gaI haiM, jinhoMne candanA AryikA ke nikaTa zAstra adhyayana kiyA thaa| samrATa zreNika ko jainadharma kA zraddhAna mahArAnI celanI ke saMsarga se huA thaa| zreNika prArambha me jainadharma se dveSa rakhate the| eka daphA vaha zikAra khelane gye| mArga me unako eka yamadhara nAmaka jainamuni dRSTi par3a gye| unake kopakA vAra na thaa| pAMca sau zikArI kutte muni para chor3a diye; parantu munivara kI kSamA zIlatA ne una kuttoM ko zAnta kara diyaa| ve nirIha pazu pazutA bhUla kara ahiMsaka-vIra yamadhara muni ke caraNoM me loTane lge| zreNika kA krodha yaha dekhakara ubala par3A tIkSNa vANa muni para unhoMne chor3e; parantu tapodhana muni ke ahiMsAstra ke sAmane vaha bhI viphala huye| zreNika mallA gaye aura eka mare sAMpa ko muni ke 1. hariSeNa kathAkoSa pR0 182

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( 154 ) gale meM DAlakara calate bne| ranavAsa meM pahu~cakara unhoMne yaha saba bAteM rAnI celanI se kahIM vaha ekadama munirAjakI vaiyAvRtya karane kI bhAvanA se uTha khar3I huI / zreNika ne aTTahAsa karake kahA ki 'zrava vaha pAkhaDI muni vahA~ nahI hogA!' celanI bolI, 'yaha ho nahIM sktaa| saccA ahiMsaka vIra upasagoM se DaratA nhiiN| vaha zAta aura abhaya citta se upasarga kA sAmanA karatA hai| upasarga karane vAle ko usakI g2alatI sUjha jAtI hai unakI kSamA aura sahanazIlatA se yadi nahIM sUjhatI to nirvaira bhAva se vaha apane zarIra ko usa upasarga-jvAlA kI bheTa kara dete haiN| munivara yamadhara eka aise hI vIra hai| vaha avazya vahIM mileMge !! zreNika ko kautuhala huaa| vaha rAnI ke sAtha ho liyA aura jAkara dekhA, munirAja usI dhyAnamudrA meM baiThe hue haiM / unake gale meM sAMpa par3A hai aura lAkhoM cIMTiyAM unake zarIra se cipaTI huI haiN| rAnI ne zakara ke sahAre se una cIMTiyoM ko haTAyA aura munirAja kA zarIra prakSAlana karake candana kA lepa kara diyA munijI ne upasarga TalA jAnakara samAdhi chodd'ii| rAnI ne namaskAra kiyA, parantu munirAja ne rAjA aura rAnI, donoM ko samabhAva se 'dharmavRddhi'-rUpa AzIrvAda diyA / zreNika jaina muni kI isa kSamAzIlatA ko dekhakara daMga raha gyaa| usakA hRdaya pazcAtApa aura glAni se bhara gayA- bhaktipUrvaka usane munirAja kI vandanA kI aura unase 'jainadharmakA svarUpa smjhaa| ava vaha jainadharma kA drohI nahIM rahA! zreNika mahArAja ne jaba yaha sunA ki tIrthakara mahAvIra kA samozaraNa vipulAcala parvata para AyA hai to vaha saparivAra jinendra kI vandanA karane gaye / bhakti parvaka jJAtaputra mahAvIra ko namaskAra karake vaha vole, "prabho! yadyapi Apa eka yuvaka rAjakumAra the, phira bhI Apana munitrata dhAraNa kiye / Apa usa

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( 155 ) yuvAvasthA me zramaNa huye, jisame hara koI Ananda bhoga bhogatA hai| Apako bhogopabhoga kI sArI sAmagrI sulabha thI, phira use Apane kyoM nahIM bhogA?" zreNika kA yaha prazna sAmayika thA aura usake uttara me jo vIra-vANI khirI vaha Ananda bhoga ke svarUpa ko spaSTa batAne vAlI thii| usakA sAra yU samajhiye / "zreNika | loka kI yahI to g2alatI hai ki vaha bhogoM meMindriya vAsanAoM kI tapti me Ananda mAnatA hai / bharI javAnI ko dIvAnI mAnakara zarIra aura AtmA dono kA ahita loka kara DAlatA hai| loka me sAre upadrava kAminI aura kaMcana se hI hote haiM / phira usame Ananda kahA~ ? jo heya aura upAdeya ko nahIM cInate-mAnava hokara manana karanA nahIM jAnate, vahI viSaya-vAsanAoM kI pUrti meM Ananda pAne kA dhokhA khAte haiN| jo sAra ko sAra-upAdeya jAnate, aura asAra ko asAraheya mAnate haiM, vahI sAra ko pAte hai / loka me rassI yA lohe ke bandhana dIkhate hai, parantu vaha dRr3ha bandhana nahIM haiM / vastutaH dRr3ha bandhana dhana meM rakta honA, strI meM Asakta rahanA aura putra-sampatti kI icchA karanA hai / ina icchAoM me baMdhA huA manuSya vadhe hue kharagoza kI taraha cakkara kATatA rahatA hai- janma maraNa ke dukha uThAtA hai| icchAoM kA-AzAoM kA kabhI anta nahIM hai| jisa kAminI ke rUpa para prANI mohita hotA hai, usakA anta jarA me chipA huA hai / jisa zarIra kI zakti para mugdha ho pazu kI bhAti prANI andhA nAca nAcatA hai, vaha mRtyu kA zikAra banatA hai-sUkhe kATha kI taraha niSprabha ho jAtA hai / dhana-kaMcana aura rAja-pATa tabhI taka suhAtA hai jaba taka koI usakA dAyI na ho ! indriyoM kI vAsanA pUrti Ananda nahIM-AkulatA sirajatI hai ! kuttA haDDI cabAkara sukha mAnatA hai-rogI puruSa khAja ko khujalA kara Ananda letA hai, parantu unake pariNAmoM

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( 156 ) ! para donoM rote haiM - lahU luhAna hote haiM / vAsanA meM Ananda hotA to usakA bhoga sadA sukhadAyI hotA rogI bhI bhoga bhogakara sukha pAtA - pitta jvara gRsta prANI mIThA laDDa uu khAkara Ananda pAtA; parantu aisA nahIM hotA / isaliye hI buddhimAna puruSa loka kI mRga marIcikA meM nahIM par3ate haiN| garama lohe ko manacAhI zakta dI jAtI hai, isaliye yuvAvasthA meM hI prANI ko apanA jIvana saMbhAla lenA cAhiye / zreNika ! tumane bahuta se yuddha lar3e haiM-bar3e 2 zUramAoM ko pachAr3A hai, parantu yathArtha yuddha vahI hai jisameM moha aura kaSAya rUpI zatruoM ko parAsta kiyA jAtA hai ! sukha bhoga meM nahIM, tyAga meM hai ! gATha se gAr3hI kamAI kA paisA kharcane para hI sukhAbhAsa kI vaha aihika sAmagrI milatI hai, jisa para prANI mugdha hai / yaha tyAga svArtha sAdhanA ke liye hai, parantu jo tyAga paramArtha ke liye kiyA jAtA hai vaha amita puNyaphala ko detA hai, " 1 zreNika ne hAtha jor3a kara kahA, "dhanya ho / nAtha | ThIka kahate ho / " unhoMne Age sunA, "rAjan / saMsAra meM rahakara prANI sukha ko nahIM pA sakatA, kyoMki usakA zrAtmA indriya-vAsanAoM kA gulAma hotA hai / gulAmI meM - dAsatA meM sukha nahIM hai / AtmasvAtaMtrya hI sukha mUla hai| isaliye vRddhAvasthA kI vATa na joha kara prANI ko apanA hita zIghra sAdhanA ucita hai / dharma hI maMgala kA mUla hai / usako hI dhAraNa karane meM AtmA kA kalyANa | jhUThe rIti rivAjoM, gaMgA-godAvarI ke snAno aura pAkhaDiyoM ko dAna-dakSiNA dene se dharma nahIM hotA / dharma sadAcaraNa se hotA hai / samyak zraddhApUrvaka zubha karmoM ko karane se dharma palatA hai aura zubhakarma vahI haiM jinase apanI aura parAI AtmA kA ahita na ho - antaraMga meM AkulatA na bar3he ! samrAT ! tIrthaGkara vAsupUjya ke samaya meM azoka aura rohiNI mahApuNya

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( 157 ) zAlI jIva the / vaha dukha kA nAma nahIM jAnate the / eka dina vaha dampati rAjamahala kI chata para baiThe dizAoM kA avalokana kara rahe the / rAnI ne eka putraviyoga ke zoka meM rotI cillAtI huI dukhiyA ko dekhA; para vaha na samajhI ki vaha zokAkula hai / dAsI se bolI, 'isa strI kI taraha nAcanA-gAnA mujhe bhI batA / maiMne causaTha kalAyeM sIkhIM, para yaha kalA to anUThI hai !' dAsI ko sunakara burA lagA - 'dukhiyA kA dukha dUra na karo to unakA upahAsa kyoM karo ?' para rohiNI to dukha jAnatI hI na thI -- bolI, 'dukha kyA hotA hai ?' rAjA ne putra ko chata para se pheMka diyA; parantu puNyavAnoM ko dukha kaise ho ? bacce ko coTa na AI; rohiNI yaha dekhakara atyadhika prasanna huI / vAta AI gaI huI / eka dina campA ke udyAna meM kumbha munIza kA Aga - mana huA / rAjA-rAnI unako vaMdane gaye / dharma sunakara pUchA, rohiNI ke puNya kI vizeSatA kyA hai ? muni vizeSa jJAnI theunhoMne unake pUrvabhava batAye / eka samaya giri nagara meM bhUpAla rAjA kI rAnI sidhumatI thI / eka mAsopavAsI muni AhAra lene Aye / rAjA ne bhakti se par3agAhA, parantu rAnI ko yaha na rucA ! sAdhu tapodhana the, para bhogAsakta prANI unake mahatva ko kyA jAneM ? rAnI ne gusse se kar3avI laukI unako khilAdI ! dhIra-vIra muni ne samatAbhAva se usa viSAkta sAga ko khA liyA aura sanyAsamaraNa kiyaa| logoM ne kahA, kaDuvI laukI kA hAra rAnI ne dekara burA kiyA | vaha thA bhI akRtya ! rAjA ne use deza nirvAsana kA daMDa diyA / vaha bhaTakatI huI raudra bhAvoM semarI aura durgati ke dukha bhugatatI phirI / Akhira kisI puNyavazAt vaha campA meM seTha dhanamitra ke kanyA huI; parantu usake zarIra se aisI durgandha Ave ki koI use pAsa na khar3A hone de | lAkha jatana kiye para vaha durgandha na gaI / bhAgyavazAt.

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( 158 ) amRtazravA nAmaka muni use mila gye| unase use apane kukarmakA patA claa| unhIM muni se usane dharma kA svalpa sunA aura vrata liyaa| rohiNI nakSatra ke yoga para usane use pAlA aura apane duSkRtya ko dho ddaalaa| vrata-upavAsa karanA, dAna denA aura devopAsanA me Asakta rahanA usake mukhya karma the| bhogoM ko usane jAnA nahIM; dharma-sAdhanA meM vaha kSINa zarIra huI / vahI durgandhA kA jIva rohiNI huaa| pahale usane khuba dharma-karma kiye aura aba bhI usane jinendra kI vizeSa pUjA kI hai| isalie usake puNya kI sImA nahIM hai| puNya se hI jIva saMsAra meM kiJcit sukha-sAtA pAtA hai aura pApa se dukha uThAtA hai| rohiNI kA jIva jaba bhogoM me aMdhA thA aura sAdhu-abhyarthanA bhI use khalatI thI, taba vaha patita huA-dukhI vanA! parantu vahI jaba bhogoM ko jItane lagA aura yoga kI sAdhanA meM lIna huA to itanA sukhI vanA ki dukha-zoka kA nAma na jAnA / azoka aura rohiNI yaha parva vRtAnta sunakara prasanna huye| unhoMne tyAga kA mahatva jAnA / rAja-bandhana se vaha mukta huye| azoka muni huye aura rohiNI arjikA! donoM ne tapa tapA| azoka zarIra bandhana se mukta ho gaye unheM Atma svarAjya mila gayA! rohiNI svarga-sukha bhogakara use paaygii| zreNika! tumhI vatAo, bahakI duniyAM ko sanmArga para lAne ke liye jJAna sUrya kA prakAza kyA vAJchanIya nahIM hai ? varddhamAna rAjamahala ke bhogoM meM mugdha hokara kaise mahAvIra banatA ?" aNika vIra-vANI ko sunakara kRtakRtya huA bhAgya ko sarAhane lgaa| vaha bolA, 'nitsandeha nAtha ! ApakA hI jIvana saphala hai-mAnava-jIvana kA ThIka upayoga Apane hI kiyA hai| he mahAbhAga! Apa hI sacce jinendra ( Lord Conqueror ) hai-sAre loka ke sarakSaka aura kalyANakartA haiN| he varddhamAna !

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( 156 ) Apa hI azaraNa kI zaraNa hai / mujhe kSamA kIjiye !" 1 zreNika ko tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke sadupadeza se satsAhasa huA, usake pariNAma nirmala ho cale - unhoMne Age sunA ki "saMsAra ke bhIru prANI parvata, vana-vRkSa, caitya, yakSa, indra Adi ko deva mAnakara unakI zaraNa meM jAte haiM; kintu yaha zaraNa maMgaladAyaka nahIM - uttama nahIM, kyoMki yaha zaraNa usako saba duHkhoM se nahIM bacAtI / jo svayaM mRtyuzIla hai, vaha dUsare ko kaise amara banAe ? jo svayaM AzAoM aura vAJchAoM meM jala rahA hai, vaha kaise dUsaroM ko saMtApa se mukta karegA ? loka meM cAra maMgala hai ! aura cAra hI zaraNa hai / ahaMta kI zaraNa meM jAo, siddha kI zaraNa meM pahueNco, sAdhu mahArAja kI zaraNa prApta karo aura kevalI bhagavAn ke batAye huye dharma ko hI zaraNa jAnoM !! usa dharma ke Azraya me pahueNco - vaha dukha ko zamana karane kI ora le jAtA hai - isIliye dharma uttama zaraNa hai| rAjan ! tumane apane pUrvabhava meM isa ahiMsA dharma kA choTA-sA vIja apanI hRdaya-bhUmi me boyA thA, vahI vikasita hokara vaTa vRkSa kI taraha mahAna puNyaphala ko dene vAlA huA hai / apane tIsare bhava meM tumhArA jIva viMdhyAcala parvata ke kuTaca nAmaka vana me khadirasAra nAma kA bhIla thA / mahA-pracaNDa aura ugra tumhArA citta thA - prANiyoM kI hiMsA karanA tumhArA khilavAr3a aura AjIvikA kA sAdhana thA / eka dina samAdhigupta muni ne tumhe 'dharma lAbha' rUpa AzIrvAda diyA / tumhAre jIva bhIla khadirasAra ne dharma kA nAma nahIM 1. " cattAri maMgalaM / zraIta maMgalaM / siddhA magalaM / sAhU magalaM / kevalipaNNatto dhammo magalaM / " " cattAri saraNaM pavvajAmi | zrarhetA saraNa pabvajAmi / siddhAH saraNaM pavvajAmi | sAhU saraNaM paJcAmi / kevani paNNatto dhammo saraNaM pavyajAmi / "

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( 160 ) sunA thaa| vaha cauMkA aura pUchA, 'dharma kyA cIz2a hotI hai ? uttara meM muni ne kahA, 'madya-mAMsa-madhu' kA tyAga karane meM dharma hai| madya pIne se baddhi bhraSTa hotI aura mAMsa-madhu khAne se zarIra nIroga nahIM rahatA / inake khAne meM bar3I hiMsA hotI hai| isaliye inake tyAgane me jIva rakSA hotI hai, jisase svagoM ke sukha milate haiN| bhIla ne kahA, 'yaha vrata to maiM nahIM pAla sakatA!' muni mahArAja bhI usakI kulAgata asamarthatA samajha gye| unhoMne kahA, 'acchA tuma sirpha kauve kA mAMsa khAnA chor3a do|' bhIla ne yaha zirodhArya kiyaa| bhAgyavazAt kAlAntara meM vaha rogI huA aura logoM ne kahA ki kauve kA mAMsa khAne se vaha acchA ho jAyagA; parantu bhIla ne vrata le rakkhA thaa| usane prANoM kI paravAha na karake kauve kA mAMsa khAne se inkAra kara diyaa| zakti ko na chipA kara thor3I sI dharma sAdhanA bhI mahatI phala detI hai| khadirasAra mAMsa khAtA avazya thA, parantu usake hRdaya ne yaha mAna liyA thA ki usakA vaha karma burA hai| use saMtoSa thA ki vaha vahuta thor3e rUpa me hI sahI ahiMsA pAla rahA hai| usakA hRdaya parivartana huA thA / isIliye usa kI Atma dRr3hatA ne use samabhAvI banAyA-vaha marA aura saudharmasvarga meM deva huaa| svargIya sukha bhoga kara dekho, rAjan ! vrata pAlana kI dRr3hatA ke puNyaphala se tuma aizvaryavAn rAjA huye ho! yaha hai dharma-pAlana kA mahatva " zreNika ne mastaka namAyA aura kahA, 'dIna bandho Apa satya kahate haiM, paraMtu duniyA ke loga yaha sahasA nahIM mAnate ki kahIM svarga-narka bhI haiM !" zreNika ne uttara meM sunA "logoM kI yaha bhUla hai| duniyA kI sabhI cIjeM aura vA AMkhoM se nahIM dekhI jAtI-bahuta sI bAtoM kA vizvAsa ArAma se sunakara bhI kiyA jAtA hai| putra apane pitA ke vyaktitva meM mAtA ke kahana

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( 161 ) I se hI vizvAsa karatA hai / vAyu ko kisI ne netra se nahIM dekhA hai - usake sparzana se hI usakA astitva mAnate haiM / isI taraha chadamastha jIva manuSya sthala netroM se svarga aura narka nahIM dekha pAtA hai; parantu vahI vizeSa jJAnI ho jAve to jJAna netra se unheM dekha leve / phira bhI sthala rUpa meM devaparyAya ke kinhIM jIvoM ke darzana loka ko hote hI haiM / kabhI 2 kisI yakSa yA vyantara ke upadrava kI bAta duniyA dekhatI aura sunatI hai / jyotiSI devoM ke paTaloM-nakSatroM aura tAroM ko hara koI dekhatA hai / jaba devoM kI eka jAti pratyakSa dIkhatI hai, taba svargavAsI devoM kA astitva kyoM na mAnA jAve ? iSTa siddhi ke lie saMsAra ke puruSa indra yakSa Adi kI pUjA karate milate haiM / isaliye svarga ke viSaya me zaGkA karanA vyartha hai / manuSya ko niHzaGka hokara darzana - jJAna kI upAsanA aura pAlanA karanA ucita hai - vaha use eka dina apane jJAna ko prakAzita karake loka kI sabhI bAtoM ko dekha sakatA hai ! AdhibhautikatA kA andha anukaraNa patita aura dukhI banAtA hai; paraMtu AtmA kI upAsanA use zuddha-buddha - cidAnanda paramAtmA ke darzana karAtI hai / kyA tumheM smaraNa nahIM - sudha nahIM hai apanI AtmA kI ? usa divya nidhi kI, jo tumhAre antaraMga meM vidyamAna hai / " / rAjasiMha zreNika ne bhaktibhAva se apanA hRdaya aura mastaka zramaNa siMha mahAvIra ke caraNoM me namA diyA / vaha apane parivAra sahita jinendra mahAvIra kA upAsaka bnaa| mohanIyakarma ko sAta prakRtiyoM ke kSayasvarUpa use kSAyika samyaktva kI prApti huI ! vaha paramocca zrAvaka ho gaye aura dharma prabhAvanA me nizadina tallIna rahe / lokopakAra karane me unheM rasa AtA thA / unakI prasiddhi aura kIrtti naraloka hI kyA svargaloka me bhI pahu~ca gaI / eka deva ko kautuka huA use sunakara, aura vaha zreNika kI 1

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( 162 ) parIkSA karane ke liye cala pdd'aa| deva ne eka diganvara muni kA bheSa bnaayaa| vaha bhepI tAlAba ke kinAre vazI DAlakara baiTha gayA aura machaliyo pakar3akara kamaMDala meM DAlane lgaa| zreNika udhara se nikale aura yaha dekhakara daMga raha gye| naTa hAthI se utara kara munibhepI deva ke pAsa pahu~ce aura namaskAra karake vole, 'yaha municaryA kA ghAtaka vyavasAya hai| kahiye to ina machaliyoM ko pAnI meM chor3a duuN|' parantu munivepI rAjI na huA aura machaliyA~ pakar3atA rahA, zreNika itane para bhI vicalita na huye| unhoMne vinaya pUrvaka unase rAjaprAsAda meM calane ke liye kahA aura unakI svIkRti para machaliyoM ko pAnI me chor3a diyaa| zreNika bar3ha samyaktvI the vaha yaha sahana nahIM kara sakate the ki kisI taraha jainadharma kA upahAsa ho / vaha jAnate the ki uparyata munibhepI nindanIya karma kara rahA hai, phira bhI unhoMne usake digamvara-bhepa ko isIlie namaskAra kiyA ki duniyA~ kahIM usa digambara bheSa kI nindA na karane lage ! sacce muni bhI kisI eka pAkhaMDI ke kAraNa kaSTa meM na par3a jaaveN| usa para galatI kisa se nahIM hotI? manuSya kA kartavya hai-samyaktva kI mAMga hai ki vaha galatI meM par3e huye prANI ko usakI galatI sumAve aura usake hRdaya meM usake usa bure kRtya ke prati glAni utpanna karA deve| girate huye-cigate huye bhAI ko dhakkA dekara girA na de, girate ko sahArA doge to vaha sammalegA, dhakkA doge to vaha nIce giregaa| giratoM ko Upara uThAnA dharma hai| upagahana aura sthitikaraNa dharma ke aMga haiM / samyaktvI unhe pAlatA hai| zreNika ke rAja-darabAriyoM ne maukA pAkara uparyukta ghaTanA para mIThI cuTakI lI / rAjA ne AjJA dI ki 'jo bhI rAjapatra likhe jaoNya va AyeM ve viSTA se cinhita kiye hue hoM, rAjA kI AjJA ko kauna lauTatA ? jo kahA vaha huaa| vahI rAja-daravArI

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( 163 ) cupacApa viSTAmasta rAjapatra lete aura mastaka se lagAkara rAjA ke sAmane upasthita karate / rAjAne kahA, amAtya / viSTAgrasta isa pana ko mastaka para lAte tumhe glAni nahIM hotI? aisA kyoM karate ho ?' amAtya ne uttara diyA, 'naranAtha | ApakI AjJA pAlanA hamArA dharma hai|' zreNika haMse aura bole, 'yadi yahI bAta hai amAtya ! to trilokAdhIza ke dharma zAsana kA pAlana karanA kyoM na anivArya ho ? munivepI isa viSTAgasta rAjaputra ke tulya hI the / jaba isakI avajJA tuma nahIM kara sakate, to maiM lokoddhAraka dharma cakravartI mahAvIra ke zAsana ko avajJA kaise kara sakatA hU~ ?' amAtya cupa na huA aura bolA, 'yadi bheSa kI Ar3a me pAkhaMDiyoM ko protsAhana diyA jAyagA, to sacce sAdhu kahA~ mileMge ?' zreNika ne kahA ki 'pAkhaMDI munibhepI ko protsAhana dene ke liye kisane kahA ? digambara munibheSa kI avajJA aura avinaya nahIM honA cAhie, yadi koI dhUrta pavitra munibheSa ko kalaMkita karatA hai, to vaha daNDanIya hai| dharmanIti kahatI hai ki usako samajhA-bajhA kara sthitikaraNa karanA caahiye| yadi vaha dhRSTatA kare to usase munibheSa chIna lenA cAhiye ! yAda hai, amAtya | usa dina kI bAta, jaba eka muniveSI dhUrta dhovI se lar3a rahA thA aura maiMne use bhartsanA dI thI ! amAtya ne kahA, 'kSamA kIjiye, naranAtha ! aba maiM ApakA dRSTikoNa samajhA! nissandeha hame muniyoM ke digambarabheSa, ailaka-tullakoM ke sacela rUpa aura vratI zrAvakoM kI maryAdA kI vinaya karanA ucita hai / sahasA pragaTa rUpeNa kisI kI bhartsanA karane kA kisI ko adhikAra nahIM hai| jo galatI para hai use eka avasara galatI sudhArane kA avazya milanA cAhiye / aba yaha maiM samajhA !' zreNika prasanna the| unhoMne Age kahA, 'duniyA kI vAsanA meM phaMse huye loga sAdhuoM ke yathAjAta nagnarUpa ko dekhakara nAka bhauM

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( 164 ) sikor3ate haiM, parantu vaha bhUlate haiN| manuSya apane naisargika rUpa meM rahe, yaha kSamatA prApta kara lenA isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki usane vAsanA aura lajjA ko jIta liyA hai| sote jAgate-capala caMcala jagat aura nirjena ekAnta meM vaha indriyanayI eka-sA rahatA hai| prakRti ke prakopa usakA kucha nahIM bigAr3ate / sadAcAra kI mUti vanA huA vaha apanA aura parAyA hita sAdhatA hai| vaha AvazyakatAoM se mukta aura AkAMkSAoM se nirlipta hotA hai| kAMca-kaMcana-smazAna-mahala usake liye eka se hote haiM / bhakha aura pyAsa ko vaha jIta letA hai / sukha-dukha kI viSamatA meM vaha samatA ke darzana karatA hai isa kAraNa vaha samadRSTi hai-aura loka usakI vinaya aura vandanA karatA hai / yaha hai mahatva eka digamvara muni kA | usa para hama sahasA avizvAsa kaise kareM ? talavAra kI teja dhAra para calanAsugama hai,parantu munidharma dhAraNa karanA ati sAhasa kA kAma hai saMsAra me aise mahApuruSa virale hI hote haiN|' samrAT zreNika kI ina mArmika bAtoM kA prabhAva prajA para khava hI par3atA thaa| Aja bhI saMsAra ke sabhI matoM meM sAdha kI paramocca dazA digamvara (nagna) hI vatAI hai| upaniSadoM me parama sa tariyAtIta sAdhaoM ko digambara-bheSI likhA hai| islAma meM bhI daraveza kA uccatama svarUpa yathAjAta nagna vatAyA hai| aura "yathAjAtarUpa-~gharo nimenyo niSparigraha " zukladhyAnaparAgo'dhyAtmaniSTo... .".-jAvAlopaniSada pa0 260.26, / dhi ke liye hamArI 'digambarava aura digambara muni' nAmaka pustaka dekhanA caahiye| islAma meM yaha nage U~ce daje ke daraveza 'zravadAja' (Abdal) bharalAte haiN| aise barahanA daravezoM meM abuja kAsima gilAnI vizeSa prakhyAta the| (Mysticism & Magic in Turkey nAmaka pustaka dekho) mau0 jalAluddIna rUmI ne apane 'masnavI' pranya meM nagnatA ke pakSa meM jo likhA hai, usakA bhAva nimna padyoM meM garbhita hai: (nagna) hI vAmatA meM sAdhI haMsa tariyAtI

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( 165 ) IsAI mata meM puruSa hI nahIM strI bhI digambara bheSa meM rahI haiN| 3 samrAT zreNika di0 jaina muniyoM kI vinaya karate the aura unake dvArA lokopakAra ke kArya ko sugama banAte the| jaina zAstroM meM unake vizeSa kAryoM ke ullekha bhare par3e haiN| vaha svayaM hI kSAyika samyaktvI huye aura unake kaI putra bha0 mahAvIra ke nikaTa muni ho gye| apanI prazaMsanIya dharma prabhAvanA se arjita vizeSa puNya ke phalasvarUpa, zreNika AgAmI kAla me padmanAbha nAmaka prathama tIrthakara hoNge| "masta bolA, mahasava ! kara kAma jA, ____ hogA kyA naMge se tU ahade bara A ! hai najara dhovI pai jAmA poza kI, hai tasallI jevara arayAM tanI / yA virahanoM se ho yakasU vAkaI, yA ho unakI taraha bejAmai akhI ! mutalakana ariyAM jo ho sakatA nahIM, ___ kapar3e kama kara ki hai ausata ke karIna !" 3. bAIbala meM likhA hai ki "usane kapar3e utAra DAle aura isI DhaMga meM saimyula ke sAmane upadeza diyA tathA usa dina aura rAta bhara vaha naMgA rhaa| isa para unhoMne kahA ki kyA sAla bhI paigambaroM meM hai|"-saimyul 1624 "IsAihA naMgA aura nage pairoM vicarA / ' IsAidA 2012 mizra deza meM seMTamerI ne nage hokara tapasyA kI thii| IsAI santa naMge rahate the| (The Ascension of Isaiah, p. 32 ) mi0 carcila ne ma. gAMdhI ko naGgA phakIra kahA, to usake uttara meM ma. gAMdhI ne batAyA ki vaha nahA phakora hone kI icchA rakhate haiM,

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(166) apane jIvana ke antima bhAga meM zreNika rAja-kAja se mukta ho gye| unake kaI putra unake dekhate 2 araNyavAsI muni ho gaye theH phira bhalA vaha rAjamoha meM hI kyoM page rahate ? zahada lapeTI huI talavAra ko kavataka cATate rahate ? unhoMne kuNika ajAta zatra ko rAja pada diyA aura svayaM ekAntavAsa kiyaa| vaha satsaMgati meM samaya kA sadupayoga karate the, paratu bratoM ko dhAraNa karane meM asamartha rahane ke kAraNa unakA dila chaTapaTAtA thA ! unakA pUrva karmabandha unake mArga meM bAdhaka thaa| vaha sadbhAvanA lIna rhe| udhara pUrva vaira vazAt kuNika ne samajhA zreNika usake viruddha prajA ko bhar3akAte haiN| pAkhaMDI devadatta ne use vahakA diyaa| zreNika ko usane bandhana meM DAla diyaa| vandhana meM rahate huye hI bha0 mahAvIra jI ke jIvana kAla meM hI unakA nidhana huA! vaha sAre bandhanoM kA anta tIrthaGkara padmanAbha hokara kareMge! yaha thI vizeSatA bha0 mahAvIra ke samparka meM Ane kI ! vaha manuSya ko vandhana mukta aura AtmasvAtaMtrya kA sarasa bhoga karAne kA mArga sumAte the!

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1 ( 17 ) abhaya rAjakumAra kI pravrajyA ! 'vIra dhammu, jo Ayara vaMbhaNu sudavi koi ! so sAva, kiM sAvayahaM aNu ki siri maNi hoi // "bha0 mahAvIra ke dharma kA jo AcaraNa karatA hai, brAhmaNa cAhe zUdra, koI bhI ho, vahI zrAvaka hai| aura kyA zrAvaka ke sira para koI maNi rahatI hai ?" vipula - zrI devasena sUri, pulAcala kI manorama zikhira - bhUmi para tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA samavazaraNa anupama zobhA pA rahA thA / devopanIta vibhUti se veSTita sarvajJa bhagavAn gaMdhakuTI me aMtarIkSa virAjamAna the / sAmane rakkhe huye darpaNa meM jaise pratibimba sApha dikhatA hai, vaise hI paramahit vItarAga bhagavAn ke jJAna darpaNa meM tIna loka aura tIna kAla kA bimba dRSTi par3a rahA thA / gaNadharoM aura rAjA-mahArAjAoM ke puNya prabhAva se jinendra kI dharmAmRta varSA ho rahI thI / avasara pAkara samrAT zreNika ke vidvAn aura yazasvI putra abhaya rAjakumAra ne natamastaka hokara bhagavAn se apane pUrvabhava pUche kauna se acche kAma usane kiye, jisase vaha rAjakumAra huA ? uttara meM unhoMne sunA ki 'usa janma se tIsare bhava me vaha bhavya hokara bhI buddhihIna thA / vaha kisI brAhmaNa kA putra thA aura veda par3hane ke lie deza videza meM ghUmatA phiratA thA / vaha mUr3hatAoM - pAkhaMDa mUr3hatA, deva mUr3hatA, tIrthamUr3hatA aura jAti mUr3hatA meM vimohita hokara Akula vyAkula -

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( 168 ) ho rahA thaa|unke mada meM matta hokara vaha satya se bhaTaka rahA thaa| eka dina rAstA calate huye use eka jainI pathika mila gyaa| jainI mUr3hatAoM aura madoM se dUra rahatA hai| jainI ne dekhA ki vaha brAhmaNa putra pattharoM ke Dhera ke pAsa khar3e huye eka vRkSa ko bhUtoM kA AvAsa mAnakara pUja rahA hai / vaha haMsA aura per3a se kucha patte tor3akara bolA, 'dekho! tumhArA deva merA kucha nahIM vigAr3a sakatA!' brAhmaNa putra ne saroSa kahA, 'acchA hai, maiM bhI tere deva kI avajJA karUMgA' donoM rAstA lge| Age kapiromA bela ko dekhakara jainI ne kahA, 'yaha merA devatA hai !' brAhmaNaputra ne Ava dekhA na tAva, jhaTa se usake paudhe ukhAr3ane para TUTa pdd'aa| thor3I dera me usa vela ke sparza se usake hAtha-pairoM meM jora kI khujalI mcii| aba to usakA mAthA ThanakA-vaha samajhA, nissandeha isa jenI kA yaha deva saccA hai| jainI isa para khUba haMsA aura bolA, 'priya vipra ! tuma bhUlate ho / duniyA meM koI aisA deva yA Izvara nahIM hai jo kisI ko sukha-dukha kA dene vAlA ho / jIva jo acche aura bure karma karatA hai, usI se puNya aura pApa saMcita karake sukha-dukha bhugatatA hai-saMcita karma-lIva kI karanI hI usakA mUlakAraNa hai ! ataH tapa, dAna Adi satkArya karanA cAhiye / jo dUsaroM kI prazaMsA aura nindA se prasanna aura ruSTa ho sakatA hai, vaha deva kaisA ? manuSya me aura usameM antara hI kyA ? vaha deva Izvara hai to vaha kRtakRtya hai yadyapi zAstroM meM tIna muTatAoM kA ullekha milatA hai, parantu zrI guNabhadrAcArya ne 'uttara purANa (pa0 624 ) meM zramayakumAra ke pUrva bhava varNana meM cAra mUDhatAyeM likhI haiN| usake anusAra hI yaha prakaraNa likhA jA rahA hai| 'dvijodbhuta-devamaukSya.'-'vipattIdhamaunya nirAka. rot'--'heturminAvimaulyamasya nirAkarot'--

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( 166 ) icchA se rahita hai, vaha kisI ko dukhI kyoM karegA ? saba hI jIva jaba usake haiM taba vaha kisI kA bhalA aura kisI kA burA kaise karegA ? eka choTe se gAMva kA rakSaka bhI to yaha nahIM karatA -- vaha Izvara hokara kaise karegA ? apanI hI putra- sI prajA meM vaha dAruNa mahAmArI kyoM phailAyegA ? kyoM vaha unako aisI dubuddhi degA ki jisase usakI santAna Apasa meM hI lar3a mare aura bhISaNa nara saMhAraka zastrAstroM ko siraje ? koI bhI dayAlu Izvara yaha nahIM kara sakatA / saMsAra me yaha viSamatA dikhatI hai / isa lie koI aisA Izvara nahIM hai jo jIvoM ko banAne aura bigAr3ane vAlA ho yA unako sukha-dukha dene vAlA ho !' brAhmaNa putra jhallA gayA aura bolA, 'binA kAraNa ke duniyAM me koI kArya hotA hI nahIM ? isalie tumhArI bAta Thoka nahIM / ' jainI muskarAkara kahane lagA, 'zAyada tuma ThIka kahate ho, paraMtu jarA soco to ! saMsAra kA kAraNa Izvara hai, to vaha kaisA kAraNa hai ? kyA upAdAna kAraNa hai, vaise hI jaise ghar3e kA kAraNa miTTI; kar3a e kA cAMdI ? yadi aisA hai to saMsAra meM aura Izvara meM kucha antara nahIM rahatA- vaha Izvara kA rUpAntara ThaharatA hai / duniyAM kI sabhI burAI bhalAI, sukha-dukha, pApa-puNya dayA- krUratA - sabhI Izvara se aura Izvara meM bhI mAnanA par3egI / pariNAma yaha hogA ki Izvara sukhamaya kI apekSA dukhamaya adhika pragaTa hogA - vaha dayAlu kI apekSA krUra adhika bhAsegA, kyoMki jagata me cahu~ora krUratA kA rAjya hai ! upAdAna kAraNa hone ke kAraNa Izvara nirvikAra bhI nahIM rahegA ! yadi Izvara ko nimitta kAraNa mAno, to upAdAna kAraNa dUsarA mAnanA par3a egA / yadi vinA upAdAna kAraNa ke sRSTi racI to abhAva se bhAva kI utpatti mAnanI hogI ! phira kArya-kAraNa kA siddhAnta hI gira jAyagA / taba jagata ko dekhakara usake sRSTA saMcAlaka

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( 170) ke mAnane kI AvazyakatA hI kyA ? yadi yaha kaho ki dUsare upAdAna kAraNa se jagata banAtA aura calAtA hai, to kyA kumhAra kI taraha jagata se alaga raha kara banAtA hai yA usameM hI samA kara alaga rahatA hai to vaha sarva vyApaka nahIM ThaharatA aura sRSTi racane aura sukha dukha dene ke lie use dUsare sahAyakoM aura sAdhanoM kI AvazyakatA hogI, jo pratyakSa dikhAI nahIM dete / phira jo dUsaroM para nirbhara rahegA, vaha sarvazaktimAna kaisA ? isa prakAra Izvara jagata ke kAryoM kA na upAdAna kAraNa ho sakatA hai aura na nimitta kAraNa ! yaha Avazyaka hI kyoM, ki loka kA koI kAraNa honA hI cAhiye ? yadi Izvara kAraNa hai, to usakA kAraNa kauna ? aura phira usakA bhI kAraNa kauna ? yaha silasilA kaise khatma hogA ? yadi ise Izvara para rokate ho, to use prakRti kI svAbhAvika sUkSma zakti para hI kyoM nahIM rokate ? Izvara ko sukha-dukha kA kartA-hattA mAnakara tumase haThIle loga manuSya ko usake hAtha kI kaThaputalI vanA dete haiM, jisase manuSya kisI bhI acche-bure karma kA uttaradAyI nahIM rhtaa| vaha bAta 2 me kahatA hai ki 'yaha Izvara kI lIlA hai. yaha Izvara kI marjI hai ! aura puruSArthahIna banatA hai| duniyA meM kAyara puruSa satAye jAte haiN| Izvara kI dayAlatA phira usake liye kahA~ rahI ? manamohaka indradhanuSa aura raMgaviraMge phUloM kA caTakhanA dekhakara avivekI jhaTa se Izvara kI lIlA ko duhAI detA hai, vaha dIna dukhiyA kI kuTiyA ke vIbhatsa dRzya ko dekhakara jahA daridratA nagA nAca nAca rahI ho, kyoM nahIM usakI karatA ko pahacAnatA hai ? kyA pratipAlaka pitA bhI kara hotA hai ? saca to yaha hai ki loka anAdi haiisakA pravAha niyamita roti nIti se cala rahA hai prakRti kA vyavahAra ullaMghana nahIM hotaa| manuSya svaya apanA svAmI hai

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( 171 ) vaha kisI Izvara ke AdhIna nahIM hai / yadi vaha svAdhIna na ho to use Atma zuddhi aura mukti ke lie prayatna karane kI gujAiza kahAM rahe ? phira to dharma aura dhArmika kriyAyeM bhI niSphala aura vyartha hoM / manuSya karma karane meM aura usakA phala bhogane meM svataMtra hai isIliye dharma kI AvazyakatA aura sArthakatA hai / Izvara ko kartA na mAnane se manuSya apane hI kiye se apanA vartamAna aura bhaviSya kA jIvana unnata banAtA hai ! jaba kaurava aura pANDava lar3a 2 kara khUna kharAbI kara rahe the, taba Izvara ne kyoM nahIM usakA anta kiyA ? isalie he brAhmaNa putra ! Izvara kartRtva kI mAnyatA kAyara puruSoM kI mAnasika kalpanA hai / nizcaya hI jAno tuma apane hI karmoM ke anusAra sukha dukha pAte ho !" jainI ke isa sarala tarkavAda ko sunakara usa brAhmaNa patra ne apanI devamUr3hatA dUra kara lii| jainI ne use yaha bhI samajhA diyA ki 'yajJAdi devatA puNyavAna jIvoM ko svayaM sahAyaka banate haiM--vyakti kA puNya hI usame bhI mUla kAraNa hai / puNyarUpI kaMkaNa ke rahate huye devatA bhI kisI kA kucha bhI nahIM bigAr3a sakate ! manuSya ko apanA aura parAyA hita sAdhanA cAhie / " Age calane para vaha zrAvaka aura brAhmaNa gaMgAnadI ke kinAre para pahu~ce / brAhmaNa ne use 'maNigagA' nAmaka uttamatIrthaM samajhA aura vaha usameM pApamocana ke liye bar3I zraddhA se DubakiyaoN lagAne lagA | jainI usakI isa tIrthamUr3hatA para tarasa khA rahA thaa| usane caTa se bhojana kiyA aura uciSTa me gaMgAjala milAkara brAhmaNa ke Age rakkhA / brAhmaNa yaha dekhakara lAlapolA huA | jainI ne namratApUrvaka kahA, 'mahArAja | nArAja na hoiye / isameM pavitra gaMgAjala milA diyA hai, jise Apa zuddhikAraka samajhate haiM / yadi vaha gaMgAjala isa ucchiSTa doSa kI 1

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( 172 ) azuddhi ko dUra nahIM kara sakatA, to phira usase pApa rUpI azuddhi kaise dUra ho sakatI hai ? yadi jala meM nahAne dhone se hI burI vAsanAyeM aura pApa dUra ho jAyeM to phira tapa-dAna Adi anuSThAnoM kA karanA vyartha ho jAyagA ! saba loga jala se hI pApamocana karaleM to isa gaMgA meM hara samaya rahane vAle maccha kaccha Adi jantuoM kI mukti to kabhI kI ho jAnA cAhiye thI ! isalie he bhAI ! tU apane citta se yaha nirmUla vicAra nikAlade | gaMgAjala nissandeha jaloM meM zreSTha hai, parantu vaha Antarika-AdhyAtmika - zuddhi kA kAraNa nahIM hai| vAstava meM mithyAtva (jhUThA zraddhAna ) avirata, pramAda, kapAya se pApakarma vaMdhate haiM aura samyaktva ( satya zradvAna ) jJAna, cAritra, tapa se puNya karmoM kA bandha hotA hai / antataH mokSa bhI inhIM se milatI hai | isaliye jinendra kA mata hI samIcIna hai / use grahaNa kara / ' brAhmaNa putra ko jainI kI yaha bAta jaca gaI aura usane tIrthamUr3hatA bhI chor3a dI ! brAhmaNa ne dekhA vahIM para eka tapasvI paMcAgni tapa tapa rahA hai / usane use pahueNcA huA sAdhu samajha kara vandanA kI / jainI ne use samajhAyA, vaha sAdhu kaisA jo dhana khyAti -lAbha ke liye zarIra ko kaSTa deve aura hiMsAmaI kArya kare ? sAdhu ko to samabhAvI, satoSI aura dayAvAna honA cAhie / jalatI huI Aga me chahoM prakAra ke jIvoM kA nirantara ghAta hotA hai / use hara koI dekhatA hai / phira jAna bUjha kara hiMsA karane vAle ko tuma sAdhu kahate ho ? brAhmaNa putra vAta ko samajha gayA aura usane apanI guru mUr3hatA chor3a dI / brAhmaNa putra zrAvaka ne dekhA ki yadyapi parantu use apanI brAhmaNa jAti kA ghamaMDa haikI Atmonnati meM bAdhaka hotA hai| jaise madya ko pIkara manuSya vivekI bhavya hai yaha ghamaMDa manuSya

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( 173 ) matta ho jAtA hai, vaise hI jAti ghamaMDa ke mada meM bharA huA manuSya buddhihIna ho jAtA hai / vaha apane ko ucca aura dUsaroM ko nIca samajha kara unake sAtha burA vyavahAra karatA hai| vaha nahIM vicAratA ki apane guNoM se hI manuSya ucca aura nIca banatA | 'brAhmaNa bhI mAMsa bhakSaNa tathA vezyAdi sevana na karane yogyoM kA sevana karane se kSaNa bhara meM patita ho jAtA hai / pratyakSa meM manuSyoM ke zarIra meM varNa vA AkAra se kucha bheda bhI dikhAI nahIM par3atA - trAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizyoM meM zUdroM se bhI garbhAdhAna kI pravRtti dekha par3atI hai; isalie manuSyoM meM gAya aura ghor3e ke samAna jAti kA kiyA huA kucha bheda nahIM hai / yadi AkRti meM kucha bheda ho to jAti me bhI kucha bheda kalpita kiyA jA sakatA hai 1 / ' videha kSetra meM sabahI vargoM ke manuSya mokSa jAte haiN| manuSya jAti eka hai, usameM bheda kalpanA karanA vyartha hai / brAhmaNa putra bolA, 'duniyaoN meM brAhmaNa varNa zreSTha mAnA jAtA hai| Upara ke tIna varNa hI zuddha aura ucca haiM / tuma sabako ekameka kiye dete ho ?" jainI ne kahA, 'duniyAM kA kyA ? duniyAM ke logoM ke muMha meM javAna hai aura mana para viveka kI lagAma hai 1. 'gomAMsabhakSaNAgamyagamAdyaH patite kSaNAt // varNAkRtyAdi bhedAnAM dehasminna ca darzanAt / brAhmayAdiSu zUdrAdya garbhAdhAna pravartanAt // 461 // nAsti jAtikRto bhedo manuSyANAM gavAzvavat / AkRti grahaNAttasmAdanyathA parikalpate // 462 // -uttara purANa zrabhayakumArajI ke pUrva bhava varNana meM zrI guNabhadrAcAryajI ne yaha kathana jAti kA ghamaMDa dUra karane ke lie likhA hai / usI ke anusAra yahAM likhA jA rahA hai /

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( 174 ) nahIM-vaha mana ke mate calegI hii| kintu vivekI apanI se kAsa letA hai / dekho, cAhe brAhmaNa ho yA zUdra, yadi vaha hiMsAdi pApAcAra karegA to avazya narka jAyagA aura loka meM bhI pApI kA anAdara hogaa| isake viparIta yadi brAhmaNa yA zUdra, ahiMsAdi puNya kamoM ko karegA to svarga paayegaa| hai na yaha vAta ?' brAhmaNa ne kahA, 'haoN, pApa se dukha aura puNya karma se sukha milatA hai| puNya aura pApa karane meM sabhI manuSya svAdhIna haiM ! jainI ne batalAyA, "jaba yaha bAta hai, vipra ! taba brAhmaNakSatriya-vaizya-zUdra, sabhI eka samAna huce| uname uccatA-nIcatA kA maulika bheda mAnanA mithyA hai| nizcaya jAno, apane karma se hI manuSya 'brAhmaNa-kSatriya-vaizya athavA zUdra banatA hai ! bharata mahArAja ne brAhmaNa varNa kI sthApanA kSatriya, vaizya aura zadroM me jo varmAtmA purupa the, unako alaga chaoNTa kara kI thI, jisase rASTra kI AdhyAtmika unnati ho / prAkRta rASTra kI unnati ke liye hI vaNoM (vagoM) kI vyavasthA kI gaI thI / rASTra kI rakSA ke liye kSatriya niyukta kiye gaye the-rASTra kI zrIvRddhi ke liye vaizya nirdhArita kiye gaye aura loka sevA evaM zilponnati ke liye zadroM kA vargIkaraNa kiyA gyaa| samrATa apabhadeva ne sabhyatA ke aruNodaya meM manuSyo kA yaha vargIkRta vibhAjana kiyA thaa| kintu dukha hai ki nvArthI manuSyoM ne Age calakara isa vyavasthA ko janmagata uccatA-nIcatA kA mApa ThaharA kara apanA pUjyatA aura arthalAna kA sAdhana banA liyaa| brAhmaNa ne kahA, ho sakatA hai, yaha Thoka ho ! kintu jAtiyoM meM bheda na mAnane para kula-jAti kI zuddhi nahIM rahegI, jisase dharma kA hAsa 1. 'kammuraNa dhammaNo hoi, kanmuNA hoi khttiyo| vaiso kammaNA hoi, sudo davai kanmuNA // 25 //

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( 175 ) hogA jainI ne uttara diyA, 'bhalate ho vina! kula aura jAti kI zuddhi jisa raja-vIrya ke AdhAra para mAnI jAtI hai, usakA koI ThikAnA nahIM / 1 kauna kaha sakatA hai ki garmaja bhraNa brAhmaNa hai, kSatriya hai, vaizya hai yA zUdra hai ? vastutaH kula zuddhi acche AcaraNa aura zubhasaMskAroM para nirbhara hai| jaina dharma saMskAra se yukta manuSya mAtra ko 'dvija' batAtA hai 2zrAvakAcAra ko jo bhI pAlatA hai, cAhe janma se aura cAhe dIkSA lekara, vaha jainI gRhastha hai aura unake samudAya kA nAma hI jainakula hai| 3 isa zuddha zreSTha jaina kula kI maryAdA hI pAlanIya 1. na viprA viprayorasti sarvathA zuddha shiiltaa| kAlena nAdijA gotre skhalanaM ka na jAyate // saMyamo niyamaH zIlaM tapo dAnaM damo dyaa| vidyante tAtvikA yasyAM sA jAtimahatI matA // ' -zrI amitgtiH| 'anAdau kAle tasyA prakSeNa grahItumazakyatvAt / prAyeNa pramadAnAM kAmAturatayA iha janmanyapi vyabhicAropalambhAca kuto yoni nibandhano brAhmaNA nizcayaH na ca viplatetara pitrApatyeSa vailakSyaM lakSyate / na khalu vaDavAyAM gardabhAMzca, prabhavApatyeSmin brAhmaNyAM brAhmaNa zUdraprabhavApatyeSvapi vailakSaNyaM lakSyate kriyaaviloyt||'-shrii prabhAcandraH 2 'varNAntaH pAtinau nete mantavyA dvija sttmaaH| vratamantrAdi saMskAra samAropita gauravAH // vizuddha vRttayastasmAjjainA varNottamA dvijAH / varNAntaH pAtivonate jaganmAnyA itisthitana // -AdipurANa 36142 / 3.sa dvitIya adhyAya zlo0 20-55

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( 176 ) hai| janmata. bAlaka kaccI haDiyA ke samAna hai-haMDiyA meM cAhe tela rakhiye cAhe ghI, vaisIhI bana jaaygii| zizu bhI jaise saskAra meM dIkSita kiyA jAtA hai, vaisA hI ho jAtA hai / isaliye jAti kA ghamaNDa nahIM karanA caahiye| hRdaya meM nirantara kSamA aura mArdava rUpI jaladhArA vahane do, jisase antaraga zItala rahe aura tuma apanA evaM parAyA hita sAdha sako " brAhmaNa putra ne isa para apanI nAti mUr3hatA bhI khodI aura usane zrAvaka ke vrata dhAraNa kiye| dhArmika jIvana vitA kara usane khava puNya kamAyA / anta samaya usane samAdhi lI aura vaha mara kara saudharma svarga meM deva huaa| vahA ke bhoga bhoga kara aba tU rAjA zreNika kA zreSTha putra huA hai| pahale janmoM meM asatya ko tyAga kara tUne satya dharma ko ArAdhA thA, vahI viziSTa puNya phala tere udaya me hai| ataH mAnavoM ko nirantara dharma pAlanA hitAvaha hai|" ___abhayarAnakumAra ne mastaka namAyA aura kahA,'prabho, dharma pAlane kA yaha mAhAtmya hai to mujhe apanI zaraNa meM lIjiyenimrantha pravA dIjie ! kintu gaNadhara mahArAja ke samamAne para abhayarAjakumAra usa samaya mAna gaye aura mAtA-pitA kI AjJA lene ke liye ghara cale aaye| kucha kAla pazcAt sasAra kI vAstavika sthiti ko jAnate hue vaha eka dina rAjasabhA meM Ae unhoMne bhaktipUrvaka zreNika mahArAja ko namaskAra kiyA aura sarvajJabhASita yathArtha tatvoM kA sAragarbhita upadeza dene lage jise sunakara saba logoM ko dRSTi taloM kI ora jhuka gii| yaha suyoga pAkara unhoMne pitA se muni ho jAne kI AjJA maaNgii| mahArAja zreNika mAre moha ke vihvala ho gaye; parantu abhayarAja ke dRr3ha nizcaya ke sammukha vaha jhuka gye| abhaya rAjakumAra ko AjJA mila gii| vaha bha. mahAvIra ke pAsa pahu~ce aura pravarjita ho ge| isa samaya zreNika ne maGgalotsava mnaayaa|

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( 177 ) nimrantha muni hokara abhaya rAjakumAra ne durdhara tapazcaraNa kiyA aura kamoM kA nAza karake kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| kevalajJAnI hokara vaha bha0 mahAvIra kA divya sandeza phailAne ke lie dUra dezoM me gaye / pArasya (IrAna) ke rAjakumAra Ardraka unake mitra the| abhaya rAjakumAra ne unako sambodhA / vaha bhagavAn kI zaraNa me Aye aura muni ho gaye / AIka kumAra bhI loka me dharma pracAra karate huye vicare the| eka daphA jaba bha0 mahAvIra ke saMgha sahita rahane para kisI AjIvaka ne AkSepa kiyA, to bar3I yukti se unhoMne usakA nirsana kiyA thaa| mahAvIra kA saMgha samUha lokopakAra ke liye thA / bha0 mahAvIra usase nirlipta the, vaise hI jaise jala se kamala pRthaka rahatA hai / anta me abhaya rAjakumAra abhayadhAma mokSa ko prApta huye the| 1. bauddhagranthoM meM bhI abhayarAjakumAra kA ullekha hai aura unameM bhI unheM nigrantha jJAtaputra bha0 mahAvIra kA bhakta pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| unhoMne ma0 gautamabuddhakA bhI zrAdara saskAra eka samaya kiyA thA, yaha bhI pragaTa hai| (majjhimanikAya-bhamabu0 pRSTa 16-193)

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( 18 ) meghakumAra kA vairAgya aura sama-sevA-bhAva ! 'jala bubbudasakadhagukhaNaruci ghaNa sohamiva thiraM ga have | ahamiMdaThANAhaM baladeva pahudi paJjAyA 11 -- zrI kundakundAcArya megha kumAra bhI rAjA zreNika vimbasAra ke putra the / unakI ATha rAniyA thI, jinake sAtha ve bhoga bhogate the / unake sAtha saMgIta - gAna - vilAsa meM anurakta rahate the / unheM koI cintA na thI / unakI koI vAJchA na thI, jisakI pUrti na hotI ho / vaha saba prakAra ke mAnavI sukhabhoga me Ananda magna the / yuvAvasthA ne unake netroM ke Age se jarA kI jarjarita dazA chupA rakkhI thI / eka samaya vihAra karate huye bha0 mahAvIra rAjagRha ke udyAna meM pdhaare| logoM kI TolI kI TolI unake darzana karane ke liye jAne lagI / rAjA-mahArAjA, umarAva saradAra, seTha sAhUkAra, brAhmaNa- paNDita, Arya-anArya - jisane sunA vahI bhagavAn kI vandanA karane ke liye gayA / rAjagRha ke mArga -hATa-bAjAra cauka, jahA dekho vahA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zubhAgamana kI carcA vArtA thI / logoM kI medano umar3atI dekha kara meghakumAra ne apane vilAsa gRha meM baiThe 2 pUchA, 'Aja kyA utsava hai, jo loga umar3e cale jA rahe haiM ? kyA udyAna-yAtrA yA giri yAtrA hai " kaMcukI ne uttara diyA, 'rAjagRha ke bAhara zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra padhAre haiM - unake darzana karane ke utsuka loga vahIM cale jA rahe haiM !" yaha sunakara meghakumAra ko bhI bha0 mahAvIra ke darzana karane kI icchA huI / vaha apane cAra ghaMToM vAle ratha meM baiThA aura vahA~ pahu~cA

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( 176 ) jahA~ tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kA samozaraNa thA / dUra se bhagavAn ko dekhate hI vaha ratha se utara par3A aura rAjacinha chor3a kara vinaya aura sAvadhAnI se unake nikaTa pahu~cA / tIna pradakSiNA dekara unhoMne namaskAra aura vandanA kI / vaha nara koThe meM baiTha kara dharmopadeza sunane lage / unhoMne sunAH "jIvita prANI saMsAra me kisI bhI upAya se jarA, vyAdhi aura mRtyu se rahita nahI ho sakatA / ataH kalyANa ke icchuka manuSyoM ko jarA bhI pramAda na karanA ucita hai / jarA se ghire hue prANI kI rakSA kaisI ? yaha avazya jAno / pramatta asaMyamazIla aura hiMsaka loka kisa rIti se rakSaNagRha ho sakatA hai ? jarA soco jo manuSya durbuddhi pUrvaka pApakarma karake dhana kamAte haiM vaha vaira vipAda karake narka ke rAste lagate haiM / jaise cora apane hAthoM se ukerI huI seva me pakar3A jAtA hai, vaise hI pApAcArI manuSya apane hI kie huye karmoM se vadhatA hai / iha loka aura paraloka meM samasta prANI pApa se hI pIr3ita hote haiM, kyoMki saMcita karmoM kA phala bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM hotA / apane yA parake liye manuSya jo bhI pApa karma karatA hai, una saba kA phala usa kele ko hI bhoganA par3atA hai / usa samaya koI bhI bhAI-baMdhu apanA bhAIcArA nahIM jatalA sakatA / mohavaza prANI sundara-sI dikhatI vastu aura dhanAdi meM Asakta hotA hai, paraMtu vaha pramatta manuSya pApakamoM ke phala se dhanAdi kI vRddhi nahIM kara sakatA hai / ata. sote huoM ke bIca jagate raho ! AzuprajJa paMDita, sote huoM kA vizvAsa na karo ! kAla nirdayI hai aura zarIra avala hai / ata: apramatta rahakara sadAcaraNa karo / bandhana vAle sthAna me sAvadhAnI se raho / saMyama kA lAbha hove to jIvana poSo / yadi vaha asaMyama kA kAraNa bane to usakA nAza acchA /

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( 180 ) ___ "jisa prakAra suzikSita aura vakhtara se maMDita ghor3A raNataMtra meM pIche nahIM haTatA, usI prakAra svacchaMda pravRtti kA nirodhaka vIra nirvANa mArga se pIche nahIM haTatA! koI sahana hI viveka ko nahIM pA sakatA! ataH jAgata bano / kAnanAyeM chor3a do| saMsAra ke svarUpa ko smjho| samabhAva sIkho aura asaMyama se AtmA kI rakSA karate huye apramatta ho kara vicaro / / ___ "moha ko jItane kA prayatna karane vAle ke mArga meM bahuta vAdhAye AtI haiM, isa liye unameM na phaMsakara sAvadhAnatA se adveyabhAva pUrvaka pravRtti karo! lalacAne vAle pAzoM meM mana ko ulamane se roko, krodha para aMkuza rakkho mAna dUra karado ! mAyA kA sevana mata karo aura lobha kA tyAga kara do prANI mAtra para dayA bhAva rkkho| unakA aura apanA mAna kro|" bha0 mahAvIra kA aisA sAragarbhita upadeza sunakara mevakumAra prasanna huaa| usakA hRdya nirmala ho gyaa| vaha bhagavAn kI upAsanA karatA huA volA. 'he bhagavAn ! ApakA kathana mujhe rucA hai-merI usa para ahA hai-maiM puruSArtha prakaTa karake bandhana mukta bananA cAhatA huuN| ataH AjJA dIjiye ki maiM apane mAtApitA kI sanmati le laM" bhagavAn mauna the| mevakumAra namaskAra karake ghara lauTa aayaa| / ghara pahuMcate hI meghakumAra ne zramaNa dIkSA lene kI icchA prakaTa kI! vairAgya kA gaharA raMga unake dila para car3ha gayA thaa| mAtA-pitAke mohI-mana para gaharA AghAta huaa| unhoMne bahuta samajhAyA-bajhAyA, phusalAyA aura unakI patniyoM sahita unhe rimAyA, paraMtu meghakumAra kA nizcaya dhruva thaa| vaha loka se 1. ma. mahAvIra nI dharmayAtho, pR. 15-16

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( 181 ) bhayabhIta the-loka kA uddhAra karane ke liye lAlAyita the / jaba koI upAya calatA na dekhA to rAjA-rAnI ne unakA rAjyAbhiSeka kiyA aura bar3e maMgalotsava se unheM dIkSA lene ke liye vidA kiyaa| meghakumAra mahAparAkrama karane ke liye jA rahe the| eka vijayI vIra ke samAna unakA jaya-jaya-kAra ho rahA thA / mAgadhajana AzIrvAda sUcaka zabdoM meM ghoSaNA kara rahe the kiH "na jItIM gaI indriyoM ko jItiye; zramaNa dharma ko pAliye; dhairyarUpI kaccha vAMdha kara tapa se rAga dvaSa rUpI malla ko iniye; uttama zukla dhyAna se ATha kamA~ ko masala DAliye nirbhaya raha kara vighnoM kI senA kA nAza kIjiye ! jaya ho meghakumAra / tumhAre mArga meM vighna na Ave!" dekhate hI dekhate saba loga bha. mahAvIra ke nikaTa pahu~ca gye| rAjA zreNika aura rAnI dhAriNI ne meghakumAra ko unake sammukha upasthita karake vinayapUrvaka kahA, "he devAnupriya ! yaha hamArA ikalautA beTA meghakumAra hai hame vaha prANoM se pyArA hai| jaise kamala paMka aura jala meM janmatA aura bar3hatA hai para to bhI paMka aura jala se pathaka rahatA hai, vaise hI kAma manorathoM me janmA aura bhogavAsanAoM meM pAlA-posA huA yaha meghakumAra ApakA pravacana suna kara bhogavAsanAoM se achUtA huA hai| janma-jarA aura maraNa kA bhaya use huA hai / vaha ina tInoM ko jItane kA icchuka hai| mAtA-pitA kI prakaTa anumati pAkara meSakumAra ne vastrAbhUSaNa utAra pheMke nimrantha bhepa meM unhoMne paMca muSTioM se kezoM kA loMca karake apane parAkrama ko prakaTa kiyaa| isa avasara para unakI mAM kA kSatriya-hRdaya praphullita ho nAcane lgaa| vaha bolI: "he beTA! khUba prayatna karanA, khUba parAkrama krnaa| pramAda ko pAsa na Ane denaa| eka dina hama bhI isa mArga me lageMge

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avazya !" aba medhakumAra rAjaputra nahIM the vaha eka sAdhAraNa bhinu bane sone kI seja aura makhamala ke gahe para ina aura phloM kI sugandhi meM sone vAle vaha kumAra savahI muniyoM ke anta meM dvAra ke pAsa prAmuka pathvI para eka karavaTa me leTate the-~vahIM sAva ghAnI se baiThate uThate the| Ate jAte sAdhuoM ke nananAgamana se unheM mAnasika kaSTa hotA thaa| vaha socate, jaba rAjaputra thA, taba to yaha bhinugaNa merA Adara karate the aba koI mujha se vAta bhI nahIM krtaa| meSakumAra bhala gaye ki vaha aura unake sAthI munijana sAdhanA ke maga lage hai usame bAteM nahIM, maunabrata pAlA jAtA hai indriyoM aura mana kA nirodha kiyA jAtA hai| parantu meSakumAra ke liye vaha bahuta kucha thaa| rAjaaizvarya meM lAlita-mAlita meSakumAra yadi tAvanA ke mArga meM vicalA to asvAbhAvika nhiiN| unhoMne socA, bha. mahAvIra se pAnA lekara ghara calanA cAhiye aura vaha bhagavAn se AjJA mAMgane ke liye unake sanmukha pahu~ce bhii| kintu sevakumAra kucha kaheM ki usake pahale hI ghaTa-ghaTa ke jJAtA prabha nahAvIra ne kahA, "he megha ! zramaNasamudAya ke anta na tundArA Asana tunheM asahya haibhamaNoM kI udAsIna vRtti tunheM akharatI hai, parantu vItarAgI aura samabhAvI hone ke liye yaha sAdhanA Avazyaka hai! meghakumAra bhagavAn ke mukha se yaha vacana sunate hI avAka rada gyaa| usane Age sunA,-'he megha ! tunne yAda nahIM hai; parantu maiM barAbara jAnatA hU~ ki aba se tIsare bhava ne terA jIva eka hAyo kI paryAya meM thaa| eka dina bar3I vega se A~dhI AI, jisake bahAva meM tU diGmuda huA vaha gayA aura eka dala-bala meM jaataa| jyoMbcoM tu nikalane kA prayatna karatA tyoM-tyoM tu aura satA thaa| bhakhA-pyAsA tu adhanuA huaa| itane meM tere vairI vahAM Aye

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(183 ) aura tujha para tItra prahAra karane lge| tane vaira kA badalA lene ke durbhAva se rAta dina vedanA sahkara prANa chodd'e| kyA vaha tIna vedanA yAda nahIM hai ? sAdhanA ke abhyAsa me utarate hI tuma ghabarA gaye aura suno, phira dUsare janma meM bhI tuma vindhyagiri kI aTavI me hAthI hue| usa vana meM dAvAnala vAra vAra tumheM satAte the| tuma ne eka chora kA bhAga vRkSa-tRNa rahita surakSita bnaayaa| jaba vahA~ eka dina dAvAnala dhU-dhakara jalane lagA to tuma apane banAye hue zaraNagaha me pahu~ce / tuma ne dekhA vahA tuma se pahale vahuta-se pazu abhaya hone ke liye pahu~ce the-thor3I sI jagaha bAkI thI-sikur3a kara tuma usI me khar3e ho gaye / usa ApattikAla meM saba hI pazu apanA 2 vaira bhUle hue the| khar3e 2 zarIra ko tuma khujalAne lage / java paira nIcA karane ko hue to dekhA usa sthala para eka kharagoza jAna bacAne ke liye A baiThA hai| tuma vaise hI eka paira uThAye hue tIna dina taka khar3e rahe yadi tuma bhUmi para apanA paira rakhate the to vaha vicArA kharagoza vemauta maratA ! yahI soca kara tuma ne vaha kaSTa sahana kara liyaa| jaba dAvAnala zAnta huA aura sava jIva jantu apane 2 rAste lage to tuma bhI eka ora jAne ko udyata hue, parantu tIna pairoM para khar3e rahane se tumhArA zarIra jakar3a gayA thA-tuma dhar3Ama se gire aura tumhAre aisI gaharI coTa AI ki tIsare dina usa zarIra ko tyAga kara tuma rAnI dhAriNI kI kokha meM A avtre| ava soco meghakumAra ! karuNa-vRtti aura samabhAva yukta sahana zIlatA ke prabhAva se hI tuma magadha ke aizvaryavAn rAjakumAra hue aura AtmaghAtaka bhoga vilAsa tyAga kara amaNa bane / tumhAre pAsa bala, vIrya, parAkrama aura viveka hai| jaba pazuyoni meM tuma ne ullekhanIya samabhAva aura sahanazakti darzAI thI, to aba zramaNa hokara kyoM ghabar3A rahe ho? kyA yaha dInatA tumheM zobhatI

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( 184) hai ? tuma ahiMsaka vIra bane ho-samabhAva aura sahanazIlatA ke ana lekara sAdhanA ko parAkrama-bhami meM Aye ho-kyA pIche haToge ? vIra Age bar3hate haiM aura apanA zaurya darzAte haiM / tuma usa kSatriya kI prazaMsA karate ho jo jaga ko abhaya banAne ke liye aparAdhI zatra ko daNDita karatA hai-zatra ko pITha nahIM dikhAtA kintu yaha zrAvyAtmika yada usase bhI mahAna hai aura isakA pariNAma bhImahAna zubhakara aura zucitara hai| kyA vandhanamukta hone ke liye yaha ahiMsaka yuddha nahIM lar3oge ? isa yuddha meM yahI vizepatA hai ki saba hI aihika sAmagrI aura sasarga isame utsarga kara diye jAte haiM isakA sainika niSkAma aura niSpariprahI hokara saba kucha sahana karatA hai aura sva-para-kalyANa karane se use rasa AtA hai / ataH megha ! tuma megha sama gambhIra, udAra, sahanazIla aura samabhAvI vano v medhakumAra kA ajJAna dhula gayA thaa| unhoMne apane ko kSamAyA aura phira se sAdhu dIkSA lI / vaha kamajorI unakI buddhi meM AI hI kyoM ? usake liye prAyazcita unhoMne kiyaa| vaha sacce muni ho gaye-pare samabhAvI sahanazIla aura samudAra / unhoMne santazramaNoM kI vaiyAvRtti karanA apanA mukhya lakSya bnaayaa| sevAdharma ke vaha pujArA bane / saMyama se vaha vartane lge| mana, vacana, kAya ko unhoMne vaza meM kara liyaa| vipulAcala parvata para unhoMne apanA tapomaya atima jIvana vyatIta kiyA! unakA udAharaNa bha0 mahAvIra kI zikSA kI vyavahArikatA aura lokopakAritA ko spaSTa karatA hai / mahatvAkAkSA burI nahIM; para use hI apane hRdayAsana para baiThA kara krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobharUpa pravatti karanA burA hai| 'mahatapada sahanazIla, samabhAvI aura sevAdharmI banane se hI prApta hotA hai| meghakumAra prakaraNa yaha batAtA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke Adarza ko vaha sujhAtA hai|

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vAriSeNa muni kA samyakta ! 'samakita sahita AcAra hI, saMsAra meM ika sAra hai| jinane kiyA AcaraNa unako, namana sau sau bAra hai|' jIva kI azubha paraNati ko pApa kahate haiM / 'jo apane ko apriya hai, vaha dUsare ko bhI apriya bhAsegA'-isa satya kI upekSA karake jo bhI baratAva manuSya karatA aura Akula-vyAkula hotA, vaha saba mithyA paraNati hai-pApAcAra hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne isa pApAcAra ko mukhyataH pAMca prakAra batAyA hai, arthAt (1) hiMsA, (2) jhaTha, (3) corI (4) kuzIla aura (5) parigraha / manuSya ko ina se bacanA cAhiye / isIliye bhagavAn kA upadeza thA ki (1) kisI jIva kI hatyA mata karo, (2) kabhI maTha mata bolo-~apriya satya bhI mata kaho, (3) kabhI bhI dUsare kI rakkhI huI yA girI par3I huI vastu mata lo, (4) apanI patnI meM santoSa dhAraNa karo-jagata kI zeSa striyoM ko maoN-bahana samajho, aura (5) AvazyakatAoM ko sImita karake jarUrata se jyAdA parigraha mata rakkho / isa prakAra pAMca pApoM kA eka deza tyAga karane se manuSya kI Atmaruci hotI hai aura vaha AtmasvabhAva me thiratA rUpa nizcaya cAritra pA letA hai| kevala saccA zraddhAna aura saccA jJAna jIva ko nirvANa-pada nahIM dilAtA / samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, aura samyakacAritra kI samiSTi hI mokSa pradAyaka hai / jina jIvoM ko sarvajJa Aptadeva tIrthakara bhASita dharma meM vizvAsa athavA nizcaya se jinako apanI AtmA ke astitva aura anantaguNoM kA zraddhAna hai, ve sabhyagdRSTi jIva haiN| unake saMsAra-bhramaNa kA jAva ko nipAletA hai| vaha Atmasva

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( 186 ) anta nikaTa hai| unake vrata pAlane kI utkaTa ruci hotI hai| suavasara pAkara ve paMca pApoM kA sarvathA tyAga karake sAdhu ho lAte haiM aura ahiMsAdi mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate haiN| sAdhu ke mahAna pada ko prApta karane ke liye ce gahasthAzrama se hI aNutratA aura zikSAbatoM kA abhyAsa karane lagate haiN| Akhira coTI para kramazaH hI pahu~cA jAtA hai koI viralA mahAparAkramI ho to usakI bAta nyArI hai / gahastha paMcapApoM kA Azika tyAga karane ke kAraNa hI zrAvaka-addhAvAn kahalAtA hai ! rAjakumAra vAriSeNa zraddhAla zrAvaka the| vaha samrAT zreNika ke putra the| unakI mAtA bhagavAna mahAvIra kI mausI mahArAnI celanI thiiN| vAripeNa atyanta guNI aura samyaktvI the| vaha niHzaGka hokara vrata-upavAsa karate the| eka daphA caturdazIparva para unhoMne proSadhopavAsa dhAraNa kiyaa| rAva ko dharmadhyAna kI ArAdhanA ke liye smazAna meM jA virAje ) samabhAvI hokara vaha khar3e 2 AtmA ke svabhAva kA cintavana karane lge| rAjagaha meM vidya t cora rahatA thaa| magadha sundarI vezyA se usakA prema thaa| usa dina jaba vaha vezyA ke pAsa pahu~cA to usakI veDhava pharamAiza suna kara daMga raha gyaa| vezyA ne kahA, mahArAnI calanA kA hAra phneNgii| rAjamahala me sotI huI 'mahArAnI ke gale se hAra nikAla lAnA sugama na thA / para kAmI paruSa andhA hotA hai| vaha vezyA ke mana ko Thesa kaise pahu~cAtA? vaha rAjamandira meM gayA aura apane caurya-kauzala se hAra nikAla laayaa| kintu rAjapatha para ratnahAra kI camacamAiTa vaha chipAna skaa| kotavAla ne use ttokaa| vaha eka-do gyAraha huaa| sipAhiyoM ne usakA pIchA kiyaa| koI dUsarA upAya na dekhakara haThAt usane vaha ratnahAra vAriSeNa ke pAsa chupA diyA-ratnahAra kI camaka ne sipAhiyoM ko bulA liyaa| cora bhAga gyaa| kotavAla

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( 187 ) ne samajhA, cora pAkhaNDI hai - dhyAna kA bahAnA lekara vacanA cAhatA hai aura koI vahA~ thA bhI nhii| kotavAla ne usI ko hI aparAdhI mAnA aura zreNika ke sammukha nyAya kI yAcanA kI ! zreNika apane netroM para vizvAsa nahIM karate the unakA putra cora hogA ? vaha vAriSeNa jo samyaktvI dharmAtmA thA. apanI mA~ kA hAra curAyegA ? zreNika kA jI kahatA thA 'nahIM / ' parantu sAkSI kahatI thI ki 'corI kI cIja vAripeNa ke pAsa thI / ataH vaha aparAdhI hai / " zreNika nyAya kI tarAjU aura daNDa kI naMgI talavAra liye nyAya Asana para baiThe the / vaha putra ke moha meM kyA nyAya kA khUna karate ? unhoMne prANa daNDa kI AjJA sunaaii| praharI vAripeNa ko zmazAna bhUmi me le gaye / cANDAla unakA vadha karane lage; parantu yaha kyA ? vaha vivaza the ! unakA hAtha calatA na thA / dharma kA phala prabhAva dikhA rahA thA / eka deva ne vastusthiti dekhI thI / usane magadharAjya kI nyAya vyavasthA bhI dekhI / vaha prasanna thA / vAripeNa para usane puSpoM kI varSA kii| rAjagRha me zreNika ke nyAya aura vAriSeNa kI dhArmikatA kI carcA-vArtA Thaura- Thaura hone lgii| rAjA zreNika ne sunA to vaha prasanna hue| rAnI celanI ke sAtha vaha rAjakumAra vAriSeNa ko livAne Aye / bole, "beTA ! hameM vizvAsa thA ki tuma nirdoSa ho, parantu rAjadaNDa pitA putra nahIM dekhatA / lokApavAda kA avasara hamane nahIM diyA ! aba calo, ghara ko / " vAriSeNa gadgad ho bole, 'saMsAra meM na koI kisI kA pitA hai-na putra, na mAtA hai - na patnI ! moha mamatA me loga aMdhe ho rahe haiM - svArtha ke saba sage haiN| maiM pratijJA kara cukA hU~ ki yadi isa upasarga se bacA to bhagavAna mahAvIra kI zaraNa lU~gA - upavAsa kA pAraNA pANipAtra meM karU~gA / ' zreNika aura celanA ne unake dRr3ha nizcaya ke sAmane mastaka jhukAyA / vAriSeNa nirmantha sAdhu ho gaye / rAjagRha Ananda

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( 188 ) vibhora ho thirakane lagA / ahiMsaka vIra ke prayANa meM dundubhi kA ghanaghora nAda hone lgaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pAda-padmoM meM vAriSeNa kI dharma-saurabha vikasita ho gii| vaha svayaM dharma meM dRr3ha the aura dUsaroM ko dharmapada meM sthira aura dRr3ha karate hue unheM rasa AtA thaa| pAvasakAla ke meghapaTala kI taraha vaha hajAra kaSTa sahana karake bhI dharma-vArivarSA dvArA trastabhavya-cAtakoM ko santuSTa karate the| eka roja vihAra karate hue vaha jA rahe the| palAzapura se unakA mitra rAjamantrI kA putra somadatta bha0 mahAvIra kI vandanA ke liye A rahA thaa| muni vAriSeNa ko dekha kara usakA sakhAbhAva jAga uThA / vaha kA aura usane unheM bhaktipUrvaka AhAra dAna diyaa| vAripeNa ne bhI mitra kA saccA hita sAdhA / unake upadeza se vaha sAdhu ho gyaa| sAdha to vaha huA, parantu usakA mana mamatA meM phaMsA rhaa| vaha bolA, 'mitra, yAda hai yahI latA-kula haiM jahAM hama, Apa mila kara keli karate the| madhura saMgIta alApa kara Ananda vibhora ho jAte the| kyA vIra saMgha meM vaha Ananda hai ? 'vAripeNa muskarAye aura bole, 'somadatta ! yaha to abhI kala kI vAta tuma kahate ho ? para yAda karo, na jAne kitane ananta janmoM meM zrotra indriya ko priya, saMgIta laharI hamane tumane sunI hogI? kyA usase tRpti huI ? nahIM ! kevala usako sunane kI tRSNA bar3hI hai| vaha AzA-vaha tRSNA, jAnate ho, jo saMsAra meM rulAtI hai ! mana ko gandA karatI hai| gandI cIja meM kahIM Ananda hai ? vIrasaMgha zAnti niketana hai-kalyANadhAma hai! hAtha kaMgana ko ArasI kyA ? calo aura darzana karo!' donoM hI muni bha0 mahAvIra ke samozaraNa meM pahu~ce / somadatta kA mana pavitra ho calA / usane socA. 'vAripeNa ThIka kahate the / vIra prabha kI nikaTatA saMsAra tApahArI hai| bar3I bhakti se donoM muniyoM ne bhagavAn kI vandanA

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( 186 ) stuti kii| saMgha ke samasta sAdhuoM ko bhI unhoMne namaskAra kiyA / cAriSeNa eka yogya Asana para jA virAje / somadatta bhI unake pAsa hI jA baitthe| eka sAdhu ne kahA. 'somadatta ! puNyAtmA vizuddha hRdayI ho, jo bhagavAn kI zaraNa me Aye ho / mahatI tapasyA karane kI tumhArI icchA pUrNa ho / " yaha bAta eka brAhmaNa sAdhubhepI ko asahya huI - vaha kruddha ho bolA, 'yaha mUr3ha kyA tapa karegA ? ise Agama kA sAmAnya jJAna to hai nahIM ! mUrkha apanI kAlI-kalaTI strI kI yAda meM dubalA huA jA rahA hai / ' yaha kaha kara usane vIbhatsa aTTahAsa kiyA aura kinnara - kinnarI kA rAgavarddhaka gIta yU~ gAne lagA :'kucalaya navadala sama ruci nayane / sarasija dala vibhava kara caraNe || zruti sukha kara parabhRta vacane / kuru jina nuti mayi sakhi vidhu vadane || bahu matta malina zarIrA malina kucelAdhi vigata tanu zobhA / tadgamanadagdha hRdayA zokA tapa zuSka mukha kamalA // vigatA gata lAvaNyA varakAMti kalAkalAvaSIra muktA / kiM jIviSyatyavanikA nAthepi gate'vayaM yoyaM // ' isa praNayagIta ne somadatta ke caMcala mana ko DaoNvADola banA diyA / unheM raha-raha kara apanI pyArI patnI kI yAda satAne lagI / rAga aura moha ne unake viveka ko aMdhA banA diyA / vaha ghara jAne ke liye taiyAra ho gaye / vAriSeNa ne yaha dekhA / unhoMne somadatta ko rokA nahIM, balki kahA, 'somadatta | ghara jAoge to calo prabhu mahAvIra kA AzIrvAda lekara clo| mitra ho, hamAre ghara bhI hote calo !' somadatta ne bAta mAna lii| rAja

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(160) prAsAda meM donoM muni phuNce| mahArAnI celanI yaha dekha kara vismita huI, kyoMki digambara jaina muni AhAravelA ke atirikta kisI bhI gRhastha ke ghara para nahIM jAte haiM / parIkSA ke liye celanI ne do Asana DAle~vAriSeNa prAsuka Asana para baiThe, parantu somadatta ke pAsa yaha viveka na thA / uparAnta vAripeNa ne kahA, 'maoN hamArI patniyoM ko to jarA dulAlo calanI ne 'haoN, to kiyA, parantu usakA hRdaya sazaka ho dhar3akane lagA! kyA usakA putra munidharma se patita ho rahA hai| vaha gRhastha hai to kyA ? usakA bhI apanA kartavya hai vaha vIra saMgha ke sabhI aGgoM ko nirdoSa aura prabhAvaka hI dekha sakatI hai! saccA jainI dharma kI aprabhAvanA kaise saha sakatA hai ? rAnI ne dharma kathA sunane kI icchA drshaaii| vAripeNa ne uttara diyA, 'Aja maoN tumhI dhamakathA sunAo! celanI ko apanI vAta kahanI thI-usane kahA, 'subhadrA gvAlinI kA subhadra veTA thA / vaha gaU carA kara apanI gujara-vazara karatA thaa| eka dina usake sAthI gvAliye ne use khIra khilaaii| subhadra ko vaha acchI lgii| ghara Akara usane khIra kI jida kii| vicArI garIba mA~ ne maoNga-maMga kara usakI jida pUrI kii| subhadra rasanA kA dAsa thaa| vaha khIra khAtA calA gayA yahA~ taka ki use kai ho gaI, parantu khIra usane phira bhI moNgii| khIra saba khatma ho gaI thii| mA~ malA gaI, usane ulTI kI khIra usake sAmane rakha dii| rasanA lampaTI ne use bhI khA liyA / munivara / kyA usane yaha ThIka kiyA / vAriSeNa ne celanI kA abhiprAya vAr3a liyA-usakI dhArmikatA aura vinaya bhAvanA para vaha prasanna the-bole, 'yaha kathA suno| ujjayanI meM vasupAla rAjA rahatA thaa| vasumatI usakI rAnI thii| donoM meM gaharA prema thaa| honI ke sira eka dina rAnI ko sAMpa ne kATa liyaa| maMtravAdI bulAye gye| eka

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(191 ) maMtravAdI ne usa sAMpa ko bulA liyA jisane rAnI ko kATA thA; parantu vaha sAMpa itanA krodhI thA ki usane rAnI ko nirviSa nahIM kiyA, balki svayaM agni meM jala marA / rAnI! aba jarA soco, vaha kyA samajha thI ? sarpa jaisI jida aura dRr3hatA to dharma pAlana __ meM zobhatI hai| yaha subhASita vacana bhI hai 'varaM, praviSTe jvalite hutaashne| na cApi bhaMgI cara saMcitaM vrataM / / varaM hi matyaH suvizuddha karmaNAM / na zIla vRtta skhalitaM hi jIvitaM / ' 'apane vrata ko bhaMga karane kI apekSA agni meM praveza karanA acchA hai| zIla vrata ko naSTa karake jIvita rahanA kisa kAma kA?' itane meM aMtaHpura se saba hI zaGgAra kiye hue vAriSeNa kI patniyA~ A gii| vaha anupama sundarI thI-pati Agamana kI vArtA ne unake saundarya ko aura vikasita kara diyaathaa| ve AI aura namaskAra karake baitthiiN| vAriSeNa ne somadatta se kahA, 'mitra! dekhate ho ? ye ramaNiyAM kaisI sundara haiM ? tumhArI patnI se bhI sundara haiM na ? yadi praNaya-vAsanA jagI ho to inameM hI ramo ? ghara kyA karoge jAkara ?' bAriSeNa kA tIra kAma kara gyaa| somadatta ke pairoM tale se pRthvI khisaka rahI thii| vaha lajjA aura pazcAtApa kI mUrti bana rahe the / vAriSeNa ke tyAga ne unakI AMkheM khola dii| vaha bole, 'Apa dhanya haiM ! ApakA dhairya aura tyAga zreSTha hai| Apa satyavIra haiM-zIla sampanna haiM / Apa sahaza mina pAkara maiM saubhAgyazAlI huA huuN| mUr3hatAoM se nikAla kara Apane ratnatraya dharma mArga para mujhe lagAyA hai| maiM calAyamAna

Page #213
( 132 ) huA thA - moha zatru ne mujhe pahAr3a diyA thA, Apane mujhe dharma meM sthira kara diyA ! dhanya haiM, thApa ! kSamA kIjiye aura caliye mahAvIra ke nikaTa mujhe muni-dIkSA dilAiye ! maiM patita huA hU / ' 'tathAstu' kaha kara vAripeNa uThe aura bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nikaTa Aye / namaskAra karake vaha baiThe the ki unhone sunA, 'muni vAripeNa sthitikaraNa dharma ke jIvita Adarza haiN| navadIkSita muni somadatta apane viveka ko kho baiThe, yaha kucha aTapaTI bAta nahIM hai ! indriyoM ke viSaya indrAyana - phala jaise sundara aura mohaka hai, parantu unakA paripAka kaDuvA hai| mUDa usako nahIM dekhatA dUradarzI tatvavettA hI use pahicAnatA hai / vAripeza ne dharma kA Adarza mUrtimAna kiyA hai| giratoM ko girane se rokanA aura giroM ko uThAnA samyaktvI kA dharma hai / vaha darzana vizuddhi kA pratIka hai| sthitikaraNa aura upavRddha samyaktva ke aMga hai| asamartha ho rahA hai saMsAra - dharmamaga meM Age bar3hate usake paira lar3akhar3Ate haiN| samyaktvI usase gharaNA nahIM karatA usake hRdaya meM amita dayA hai| usake hRdaya se dayA kI varSA dIna-dukhiyA aura pavita ke prati vaise hI hotI hai, jaise ucca nIlAkAza se salila osavindu giratI haiN| jo sukha cAhate haiM unheM muni vAripeNa ke Adarza kA anukaraNa karanA ucita hai / loka kI kalyANa - bhAvanA pratyeka ke hRdaya meM jAgRta ho, yaha sukha kA AdhAra hai !" zrotAoM ne jaya dhvani kI / somadatta ne gurudeva se prAyazcita liyA / ava kI unhoMne dRr3hatA se munidharma pAla kara karmapAza se apane ko mukta kiyA / vAripeNa bhI mokSa ko prApta hue ! sava ne kahA, 'muni vAriSeNa ke samAna giroM ko girane se bacAyeMge hama ! bhagavAn mahAvIra kA upadeza sira AkhoM para lAyege hama !"

Page #214
( 20 ) mahilAratna candanA aura celanI kI vIra bhakti " strItaH sarvajJanAthaH suranata caraNo jAyate'vAdhavodhastasmAttIrtha zrutAkhyaM janahita kathakaM mokSamArgAvivodhaH / tasmAttasmAdvinAzo bhava durita tateH saukhyayasmAdvibAdhaM / budhyaivaM strIM pavitrAM zivasukhakariNIM sajjanaH karoti // " amitagatiH / " strI aura puruSa mila kara gRhastha-jIvana banAte haiN| saMsAra donoM kI yugma-zakti kA prAdurbhAva - lIlAkSetra hai / puruSa akelA na-kahIM kA hai - strI akelI kA koI ThikAnA nahIM / sRjana-jananapoSaNa aura varddhana kI zaktiyAM puruSa aura strI ke aikya samiSTi me haiM / phira bhalA strI ko koI kaise bhulAve ? kahate haiM, brahmA ne usakA rUpa dekhane ke liye hajAra netra banAye the | hajAra dRSTikoNa se usakA rUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai / jagata kI mukhya zakti strI hai / vaha cAhe jaga ko narka banA de aura cAhe to use svarga meM badala de ! isaliye strI ko susaMskRta karane kI AvazyakatA svAbhAvika hai / susaMskRta strI jagata kA prakAza hai - asaMskRta vahI jagata ke liye abhizApa hai ! susaMskRta bhAgyavAn strI se hI devoM dvArA vandanIya sarvajJa deva utpanna hote haiM / svAti - sIpa ke tulya mahilA - ratna trizalA kI pavitra kokha se hI sarvajJa mahAvIra janme the / mAvIra isa satya ko jAnate the / unakA Adarza batA rahA thA ki strI se hI vaha sacce deva janmate haiM, jo sacce zAstroM kA upadeza dete haiN| sacce zAstroM se mokSamArga kA jJAna hotA hai, jisase saMsAra kSINa ho mokSa sukha milatA hai / bha0 mahAvIra ne

Page #215
isIliye zrAne saya meM striyoM se mInA sthAna diyA, kyoMki vaha paramparA se mokSa kA kAraNa aura pavitra mahAvIra meM divya upadeza kA tatkAlIna mahilA samAna para vizeSa prabhAva panA thaa| yogI na bahuta, battIsa hajAra mahilAye sAmArika moha bandhanoM aura prema-pAzoM ko tor3akara 'prAtma-mayana ko sAdhanA meM salagna huI thI! ugA jJAna, unakA cAritra vatra bar3hA car3hA thaa| AryikA candanA vIra sagha meM pramukha sAdhvI prAcAryA yiiN| unake gAIsthika jIvana kI navI pAThapha padale dekha cuke haiM bha. mahAvIra ne unakA uddhAra kiyA thaa|cndnaa phauzAnvI vAtyajIvana vitAtI huI vIra tIrtha pravartana kI bATa johatI thiiN| vIra-tIrtha kA pravartana hote hI vaha 'prAI aura bhagavAn me yAcanA karane lagI dIkSA dAna kI / vaha bolI, 'zramaNottama prabho ! maiM jAnatI hU~ strI-paryAya niMdya hai / striyoM kI mAyA aura dala prasiddha hai, parantu nAtha | ApakA zubhAgamana to sajana aura durjana-sava ke liye samAna rIti se upakAra kA hai| maiM sasAra se bhayabhIta hU~-jina dIkSA diijiye|' candanA ne vIra vANI ko suna kara jJAna netra pAyA / vaha samajhI, 'paryAya koI bhI acchI nahIM hai| paha bandhana hai| sone kA bandhana lohe ke bandhana se acchA nahIM ho sakatA-donoM hI vyakti kI svAdhInatA ke ghAtaka haiN| jo bhavya haiM-apanA aura parAyA hita cAhate haiM, vaha kisI se dveSa nahIM rakhate-kisI ko burA nahIM kahate / vyakti ke acche aura bare saMskAra hI dRSTavya haiN| acche saMskAra upAdeya haiMvare tyAjya ! acche saskAroM se hI puruSa aura strI sajana aura dharmAtmA vanate hai aura mokSa kI sAdhanA karane meM saphala hote haiN| vaMzavRddhi eka sapUta se hotI hai-rASTra ko unnata aneka sapUta karate haiM / ve sapUta susaskRta mahilAoM kI godiyoM meM hI palate

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( 165 ) | saMsAra kI sRSTi akelA puruSa nahIM kara pAtA - - strI bhI nahIM / hA~, kisI samaya puruSoM kA sarvathA abhAva hote hue bhI koI garbhavatI strI putra janma dekara sRSTi kA krama cAlU rakha sakatI hai / usa para suzIla dampatti hI dharma sAdhana ke mUla AdhAra haiN| zuddha AhAra-vihAra kuzala gRhiNI para avalambita hai --usI ke nimitta se gRhastha dAna-puNya kA dharma kamAtA hai aura sAdhu apane zarIra ko sthira rakha kara dharma kA prakAza phailAtA hai| saMgha kI suvyavasthA aura unnati dharmazIla sampanna viduSI gRhastha aura sAdhu ramaNiyoM para nirbhara hai / candanA / jIvana kI sArthakatA dharma pAlana meM hai / candanA ne mastaka navAyA | paMcamuSTi loMca kiyA aura zveta sAr3I pahana kara vaha jJAna - dhyAna meM lIna ho gaI / vaha rAjA ceTaka kI putrI thiiN| magadha kI mahArAnI celanI unakI bahana thIM / celanI ne sunA ki unakI bahana candanA tIrthakara mahAvIra ke AryikA saMgha kI agraNI banIM haiM, to use bar3A harSa huaa| vaha apanI sapatnIka ( sauta ) bahanoM-- zreNika kI anya rAniyoM ke sAtha unakI bandanA karane gaI / candanA ne unheM dharma kA svarUpa smjhaayaa| rAniyA~ bhavya thiiN| vaha niyamita rIti se prati dina unake pAsa Akara dharma zAstroM kA adhyayana karane lagIM aura jainadharma kI paNDitA ho gaI / binA dharmajJAna ke manuSya jIvana meM vaha komala sarasatA nahI AtI jo hRdutantrI kI salila svara laharI ko kaMkarita karatI haiN| 'dharmajJa mAtAye aura bahaneM jagata ke liye varadAna hai' -- vIrasaMgha kI gRhatyAgI sAdhvIramaNiyoM ne yaha satya bha0 mahAvIra se sunA thA / isIliye vaha indriyoM ko saMyata rakha kara mahilAoM meM dharma jJAna kA prakAza phailAne me juTa par3IM thIM / celanI kA dharmajJAna unake dainika jIvana meM mUrtimAna ho camakA thA / apane pati rAjA zreNika ko unhoMne

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( 166 ) hI jina dharma kA zraddhAnI banAyA thA aura jainadharma kI prabhAvanA ke liye vaha kucha uThA nahIM rakhatI thiiN| unake mahala santa puruSA kI pada raja se nirantara pavitra hote rahate the| vahA~ cAroM prakAra kA dAna nirantara diyA jAtA thaa| dharma mArga se cyuta hote hue asamarthoM ko sambhAlA jAtA thaa| devI upasarga ko TAlane kA udyoga calana taratI thiiN| eka dina vaha dvArApepaNa kara rahI thii| saubhAgyavaza eka kRpakAya tapodhana munirAja dvimAsopavAsI Aye / rAnI ne bhaktipUrvaka par3agAhA aura AhAra dAna dene lgiiN| usI samaya unhoMne dekhA ki koI adRzya zakti munirAja para upasarga kara rahI haiM - apane indriyavarddhana ko yadi munirAja dekhate to antarAya mAna kara vinA AhAra liye hI lauTa jAte-unakA AhAra zuddha aura nirantarAya honA cAhiye / celanI ne dekhA, yadi isa samaya muni kA antarAya ho gayA to anartha hogaa| unhoMne aisA upAya kiyA jisase una muni ko usa upasarga kA bhAna nahIM huA aura unakA AhAra ho gayA / munirAja ne jAkara vipalAcala parvata para dhyAna mAdA-usa ucca koTikA, jisameM unake sAre karma naSTa ho gaye / unako lokAloka prakAzaka kevalajJAna prApta huaa| sura-asura aura nara-nArI, saba hI unakI vandanA karane gye| celanI bhI gaI / avasara pAkara unhoMne munirAja se usa upasarga kA kAraNa pUchA / munirAja ne uttara diyA, "muni hone ke pahale maiM pATalipanna kA rAjakumAra vaizAkha thaa| kanakabhI merI patnI yauvana-guNa-zrIyata thii| hama donoM kA vyAha hue parAmahInA nahIM huA thA ki eka dina maiMne apane vAlasakhA munidatta ko dekhA / unheM bhakti-vinaya-pUrvaka maine AhAra dAna diyA aura una se upadeza sunaa| mujhe saMsAra se vairAgya hogyaa| maiM unake sAtha holiyA aura muni ho tapa tapane lgaa|knk zrI ko yaha burA lagA vaha krodhAveza

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(167) meM marI aura vyaMtarI huii| vibhaMgAvadhi se usane mere bAbata jAna liyA aura vaha merI tapasyA meM bAdhA DAlane ke liye tula pdd'ii| eka mahIne kA anazana upavAsa karake jaba maiM pAraNA ke liye gayA to usane indriya varddhana karake upasarga kiyA-maiM AhAra liye vinA hI lauTa AyA aura tapasyA me laga gyaa| phira eka mahIne kA upavAsa kiyaa| usake anta me jaba maiM pAraNA ko gayA to tumane AhAra diyA-usa samaya bhI vyatarI kanakadhI ne vahI upasarga kiyA; parantu tumane apane kauzala se use chipA liyaa| merA nirdoSa AhAra huA / upagrahana dharma kA tumane pAlana kiyA aura aisA sAtvika AhAra diyA ki dekho, maiM zukla dhyAna ko sAdhane meM saphala hokara sarvajJa huA huuN| mahAvIra prabhU ke zAsanasaMgha kI tuma amUlya ratna ho / " muni vaizAkha kI yaha vArtA suna kara zrotAoM kI dhama vRddhi huI aura ve rAnI celanI kI prazaMsA karane lage! muni vaizAkha vipulAcala se mukta hue| yaha to eka udAharaNa hai| celanI ke aise paNyakArya aneka the| apane putra kuNika ajAta zatru ko unhoMne hI dharma me dRr3ha kiyA aura jaba unakI bahana jyeSThA AryikA cAritra mohanIya kI zikAra banI thIM-zIladharma se balAt Diga gaI thI, taba unakA sthitikaraNa aura upabahaNa calanI ne kiyA thaa| kAma prabala subhaTa hai-use jIvanA sugama nahIM / usa para jyeSThA se vyAha karane ke liye sAtyaki napa pahale se lAlAyita the-vaha nirAza premI the / jaba jyeSThA AryikA huI to vaha bhI muni ho gye| donoM bha0 mahAvIra kI zaraNa meM Akara pavitratA kI mUrti bana gaye; parantu sUkSma rAga unake hRdaya ke kone meM chipArahA / sAtyaki muni eka dina guphA meM dhyAna kara rahe the| bAhara jora kA pAnI varSA thA / jyeSThA AhAra se lauTI to varSA meM bhIga gii| apanI sAr3I sukhAne ke liye vaha usI aMdhI guphA meM akasmAt pahu~cI,

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( 168 ) jahA~ sAtyaki dhyAnamagna the| vaha sAr3o nicor3ane lagI-vijalI camakI-sAtyaki ke sAmane rUparAzi khar3I thii| rati aura kAma kA hI mAnoM vahA samAgama hone ko thaa| sAtyaki bhala gaye apane ko-jyeSThA bhI vesudha ho gii| donoM zIla-ratna kho baitthe| kintu dharmAtmA kI vAsanA bhI vairAgya sUcaka hotI hai / vAsanA kA bhUta utarate hI sAtyaki aura jyeSThA ne apanI bhUla pahacAnI! vaha donoM aparAdhI bha0 mahAvIra ke sammugva lajjA se mukha nI vA kiye khar3e the| hRdaya unakA pazcAtApa kI agni me tapa rahA thA vaha kiye hue pApa kA prAyazcita cAhate the| bha. mahAvIra ne unako dutakArA nahIM, pratyata unako prAyazcita kA pAtra mAnA ! aise asamartha dharma-pathikoM kI Atmazuddhi ke liye hI bhagavAn mahAvIra ne prAyazcita-zAstra kA nirUpaNa kiyA aura ghopaNA kI ki aisA koI pApa nahIM hai, jisakI zuddhi naho sakatI ho saghavRddhi aura zuddhi ke liye karmavaza patita hue manuSya ko avazya prAyazcita dekara usakA upakAra aura dharma kA utkarSa karanA caahiye| sAtyaki ne punaH muni dIkSA lI aura jyeSThA garbhabhAra se mukta hone ke liye mahArAnI celanI ke saMrakSaNa me rhii| uparAta AryikA candanA se prAyazcita lekara punaH vrata-niyama pAlane meM laga gii| sArAzataH mahArAnI calanI vIrasaMgha ke utkarSa ke liye aneka ullekhanIya kArya karatI rahatI thiiN| anta me vaha AryA candanA ke nikaTa AryikA ho gaI thiiN| donoM bahaneM sva-parakalyANa karatI huI vicarI thiiN| vanya thA vaha samaya jaba rAjarAniyA bhI bhoga me nahIM, yoga meM magna rahatI thIM ! sampati aura aizvarya meM nahIM, tyAga aura sevA dharma meM Ananda mAnatIM thiiN| satI candanA aura celanA vIrasaMgha kI vyavahArika prabhAvanA ke liye nitsandeha sudRr3ha tvambha rUpa thIM! yaha thA bha0 mahAvIra kI zikSA kA prabhAva !striyAM bhIahiMsaka vIra banIM vicara rahI thiiN|

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(21 ) kuNika-ajAtazatru kI vIra vandanA ! "( campANAM NayarI hotthA) 'taeNaM se kUNie rAyA.. samaNaM bhagavaM mahAvIraM vaMdati NamaMsati / ... -aupapAdika sUtra 32 samrATa zreNika vimbasAra ke eka anya putra rAjakumAra kuNika ajAta zatru the| abhayakumAra ke muni ho jAne para vaha yuvarAja hue the| zreNika ne aMgadeza ko jIta liyA thA-Arambha meM isa vijita deza para zAsana karane kA bhAra kuNika ajAtazatru ko prApta huA thA / isIliye unhe zAstroM me campAnagara kA rAjA likhA hai| uparAnta vaha magadha sAmrAjya ke rAjasiMhAsana ke adhikArI hue the| jisa samaya bha0 mahAvIra vihAra karate hue campA pahu~ce the, usa samaya campA meM kuNika ajAtazatru hI rAjA the| unhoMne bhaktipUrvaka bhagavAn kI vandanA kI thii| apane prAraMbhika jIvana meM ajAtazatru samudAra the| devadatta ke bahakAne se vaha bauddha ho gaye the, parantu Akhira unhoMne jaina dharma ko svIkArA aura usakI unnati kI thii|1 bha0 mahAvIra kI vandanA karake samrAT ajAta zatru ne unase pachA thA ki "prabhU ! duniyAM ke loga lAbha ke liye hI koI udyoga karate hai sAdhu bhI kisI acche lAbha ke liye ghara chor3ate 1. "Ajata-shatru Patronised the Jaing." EHI,P 36 "Jains have more claim to include the pare ricide king amongst their converts than the Budhists "--J. Charpenter, CHI., I, 161.

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( 200) hoMge ? duniyA ke aneka mata vAle vaha lAbha aneka taraha batAte haiM / unake mata bhinna 2 haiM / kaunasA mata satya hai ?" uttara meM unhoMne vaha dharmadezanA sunI jisase unake hRdaya-kapATa khula gye| unhoMne sunA, 'rAjan / yaha saca hai manuSya kA udyoga lAbha ke liye hotA hai; parantu lAbha do taraha kA hai, (1) laukika aura (2) pArilaukika ! laukika lAbha dhana, sampatti, putra, strI vipayaka haiM aura nAzavAn haiN| ye saba pragaTa para padArtha haiM aura pudgalAzoM se inakA nirmANa huA hai hamezA yaha kisI ko sukhI nahIM banA sakate / uname svayaM sukha hai hI nahIM / rajakaNa zuSka hote haiM / isaliye sAdhu zAsvata sukha pAne ke liye mokSa puruSArtha kI sAdhanA karatA hai| use laukika sukha kI cAha nahIM hotI / usakA lAbha ananta kAla ke liye sthAyI hotA hai| dharma aura prakAza kI taraha vaha mokSa-sukha sadAsarvadA AnandadAyaka hai / sAdhu pada kA yaha zreSTha lAbha hai| nigraMtha zramaNa nirantara isa prakAra ke sadudyoga me nirata rahate haiMsarvadA saMvara aura nirjarA karate haiM-saba pApoM se dUra rahate haiMsaba pApoM ko unhoMne dho DAlA hai / pApavAsanA ko saMvarita karake vaha paramArtha jIvana vitAte haiM / isaliye vaha nigraMtha haiM !' ajAta zatra ne zIza mukAyA aura kahA, 'nAtha ! aba maiM samamA, sAdhu jIvana se hI mAnava ko sarvazreSTha lAbha hotA hai| kintu mokSa sukha kisI ne dekhA nahIM, vaise hI jaise AkAza kA kusuma | phira to una logoM kI vAta ThIka ho sakatI hai jo kahate hai ki sAdhu svarga loka meM deva-deviyoM ke sukha bhogate haiM, kyoMki deva-deviyoM ko loka ne dekhA hai ?' unhoMne sunA ki 'mokSa ko AkAza kusumavat samajhanA bhUla hai| vandhamukta hone kA nAma mokSa hai| manuSya ko sthUla netra se dikhatA hai ki usakA AtmA zarIra meM banda hai--yaha bandha nAma karma kA pariNAma hai / sUkSma karma vandha sthala netra se

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( 201 ) vandha ko naSTa kara detA hai, taba vaha mukta hotA hai / aise nIvanmukta paramAtmA isa loka me huye haiM-isa samaya bhI haiM aura Age bhI hoNge| isa mukta dazA kA nAma 'mokSa' hai| mukti meM sukha hai / ataH vaha kise napyArI hogI ? svargasukha atIndriya nirAyAdha aura zAzvata nahIM hai-vaha bhI nAzavAn hai-parAdhIna hai| aura parAdhInatA meM sukha kahA~ ? AtmasvAtantrya hI sukhadAyaka hai, jo mokSa hai| ataeva sAdhu yadi usa ananta-avyAvAva-sukha ke liye prayatnazIla hote haiM, to abhivandanIya haiM ! ajAtazatru ne kahA, "nissandeha ve vandanIya haiM prabho ! parantu sAdhuoM meM matabheda kyoM hai ?" isa zaGkAkI nivRtti meM unhoMne sunA ki "manuSya-gRhastha ho cAhe sAdhu, jaba taka apane darzana aura jJAna guNoM ko pUrNata. pragaTa nahIM karatA taba taka alpajJa hai-usakI sImita aura parimita vRddhi hai| vastu ke eka-do guNa ko vaha dekhatA hai-usa kA sarvAGga darzana vaha nahIM kara pAtA / isI ajJAna ekAnta-dRSTi ke kAraNa hI matabheda dikhAI par3atA hai| vaha dekho, tumhArA hAthI dUra se kitanA choTA dIkhatA hai| kyA vaha utanA choTA hai ? nahIM na? to phira oNkho dekhI vAta kA bhI kyA vizvAsa kiyA jAya ? pratyakSa jJAna to AtmajJAna hI hai aura vaha ekAnta (One-Sided Point of View) nahIM hotA / jAnate ho samrATa ? eka daphA kaI janmAMdha manuSyoM meM hAthI ke AkAra-prakAra para vivAda huA thaa| kisI ne hAthI kA paira pakar3a kara dekhA thA-vaha use sIdhA sthambha-sA batAtA thaa| kisI ne usakA kAna dekhA thA-vaha use sUpa sA kahatA thaa| garja yaha ki hAthI kA jo aGga jisane TaTola liyA thA, usI ke AkAra kA vaha hAthI mAnatA thA aura lar3atA thaa| rAjan ! kyA unakA isa prakAra vivAda karanA ThIka thA ? tuma kahate ho, nahIM? ThIka hai, kyoMki netravAn puruSa unakI truTi samajhatA hai| basa

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( 202 ) yahI hAla AdhyAtmika jagata kA hai| jo pUrNajJAnI hai vaha vastu ke ananta guNAtmaka rUpa ko jAnatA aura vatAvA hai; parantu alpajJa ekAntavAda meM par3akara janmAMdha puruSoM kI taraha lar3atejhagar3ate haiN| nigrantha guru ekAntavAda kI ajJAnatA ko meMTa kara anekAntavAda kA pracAra karate haiM aura logoM ke matabheda ko meMTa kara unheM samanvaya dRSTi pradAna karate haiM ! 'dhanya ho, prabho! ApakA anekAnta siddhAnta pracalita dharmAndhatA kA anta kare aura loka satya ko samajhe yahI bhAvanA hai| dayAla prabho ! usa anekAnta kA svarUpa jarA vistAra se btaaiye| isa para ajAtazatra ne sunA ki 'rAjan ! tumhArA prazna uttama hai| yaha tuma jAna cuke ki manuSya kI dRSTi parimita aura sImita hai - vaha kathaMcita ho vastu ko dekha sakatI hai / vastu kA sarvAGgajJAna use yugapat nahIM hotA aura vaha vacana se usakA vidhAna karane meM asamartha hai| ataeva eka aisA sAdhana cAhiye jisase manuSya vastu ke sarva guNoM ko batA sake / vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hai. ananta zaktiyoM kA puJja hai, ananta sambandhoM kA kendra hai / sat, asat, eka, aneka, nitya, anitya, tat, avat Adi ananta pratidvandoM kA nivAsa sthAna hai / vaha parivartana kI raGgabhami hai, nirantara vahane vAlA pravAha hai, jisakA Adi hai na anta ! vaha indriya vodha, vRddhi kalpanAoM aura vacana kalApoM se bahuta adhika hai| vaha vartamAna meM vartatA huA bhI, bhava-bhaviSyat donoM ko apane garbha meM samAye hue hai| vaha kevala jJAnagamya hai, usakA anantavaoN bhAga buddhigamya hai| usakA bhI anantavaoN bhAga zabdagocara hai| astu; vastu kA svarUpa vivecana hI anekAntavAda hai| vastu kA nirIkSaNa aura parIkSaNa syAdvAda athavA nayavAda hai aura vastu nirvAcana saptabhaMgIvAda kahalAtA hai / use 'apekSAvAda' kaha sakate ho, kyoMki usameM vastusvarUpa 'kathaM

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( 203 ) cit' - apekSAkRta kahA jAtA hai| eka puruSa hai, parantu vahI bhinna 2 logoM kI apekSA se pitA, putra, mAmA nAnA Adi mAnA jAtA hai| isI taraha eka vastu hai / vaha bhI bhinna 2 apekSA se bhinna 2 dharmAtmaka mAnI jAtI hai| loga pUMchate haiM, jIva nitya hai ? yA anitya hai ? kyA isa prazna kA uttara eka hI zabda dvArA eka samaya meM tuma de sakate ho ? nahIM na ? ThIka hai, zabda vastu ke anekAMtaka rUpa ko eka sAtha pUrNataH nahIM kaha pAtA ! tumhArA yaha svarNakuDala hai rAjan ! jisa svarNa se vaha banA hai usI sone se aura bhI AbhUSaNa banate haiN| mAna lo, tumhArI tabiyata macala gaI aura tumane kuMDala tur3avA DAle aura aMgUThI vanavA lii| kyA tuma usa svarNa ko aba kuMDala kahoge ? 'nhiiN|' bilkula ThIka, parantu isakA kAraNa samajhe ? haoN, yahI ki usakA AkAra kuMDala-sA nahIM hai / ata eva jAna lo rAjan ! ki kuMDala svarNa kA eka AkAra vizeSa hai, jo svarNa se sarvathA bhinna nahIM hai / vahI svarNa AkAra parivartana dvArA nAnA rUpoM aura nAmoM se pukArA jAtA hai - usake kuMDala, kaTisUtra, kar3e aMgUThI Adi nAnA gahane banate aura bigar3ate haiM / ava rAjan ! batAo, tumhAre svarNa kuMDala kA kyA svarUpa hai ? ThIka; svarNa aura AkAra usakA svarUpa hai akelA AkAra nahIM aura na akelA svarNa ! ve bhinna hote huye abhinna haiM ! eka nAzavAna hai aura eka zAzvata ! AkAra vinAzIka hai aura svarNa avinAzI hai - usakA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA; kevala usake AkAra banate bigar3ate rahate haiM / aba kaho, tumhArA kueDala nitya hai yA anitya ? ThIka hai uttara tumhArA ! tatva ko tumane samajha liyA ! vaha nityAnitya hai- AkAra kI apekSA vaha anitya hai aura svarNa kI apekSA nitya hai / AkAra bigar3atA hai aura svarNa hamezA rahatA hai ! aba AtmA ke nitya athavA anitya svarUpa

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( 204 ) SASLED ko tuma samajha sakate ho / jo sarvathA nitya athavA anitya AtmA mAnate haiM, ve ekAntavAda ke mithyAtva meM par3e hue haiMaise mithyA matavAda tIna sau tresaTha haiM / parantu nirprandha tatvajJa ( jainI ) anekAntavAdI haiM - vaha syAdvAda dRSTi se vivecana karatA hai | vaha kahatA hai ki AtmA apane svAbhAvika darzana-jJAna guNa kI apekSA 'nitya' hai, kyoMki usake jJAnAdiguNa kabhI naSTa nahIM hote / nigodiyA jaise zarIra me bhI saMjJArUpa akSara ke anaMtaveM bhAga meM usakA prakAza jhalakatA hai / ise 'dravyArthika naya' kahate haiM / 'naya' dRSTi vizeSa athavA apekSA vizeSa kA nAma hai / aura dravya hI jisakA prayojana hai, vaha dravyArthika naya hai / vaha tIna prakAra kA hai -- (1) naigama, (2) saMgraha, (3) vyavahAra | dravya mAtra sattA ko chor3akara asattA ko prApta nahIM hotI - isa prakAra samUhAtmaka varNana karane ko 'saMgraha' naya kahate haiM / saMgraha - naya se grahaNa kiye gaye padArthoM ke vidhipUrvaka bheda karane ko 'vyavahAra' naya kahate haiM / jo saMgraha aura vyavahAra kA yugapat varNana karatA hai - sadA anekAtmaka hai vaha naigamanaya hai / naigama naya saMgraha aura asaMgraha rUpa dravyArthika naya hai / ye tInoM dravyArthika naya nityavAdI haiM - vastutatva kI nirUpaka haiM / inake dvArA vastu ke AkAra-prakAra athavA paryAya kA nirUpaNa nahIM hotA / 'pari' kahate haiM bheda ko aura bheda ko jo prApta ho vaha 'paryAya' ( Modification ) hai / paryAya hI jisa naya kA prayojana hai vaha 'paryAyArthika naya' hai apekSA AtmA nitya hai, kyoMki jIva AtmA kI samaya parivartita hotI rahatI haiM / zrataH paryAyArthika vartI nirUpaNa karatI hai / vaha RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta rUpoM meM vibhakta hai ! rAjan inhIM nayoM aura pratyakSaparokSa pramANoM ke AdhAra se tatvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai / / isa naya kI paryAyeM prati naya samaya

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( 205 ) jo naya-pramANa se vastu kA vivecana nahIM karate, vaha ekAnta meM jAgirate haiM aura vaiSamya utpanna karate haiM !" ajAta zatru ne hAtha jor3a kara zIza namAyA aura kahA, "prabho ! prakAza-puJja haiM Apa ! sanmArga ke pradarzaka haiN| anekAnta-siddhAnta ke praNetA aura dArzanika matabheda ke meTane vAle haiM Apa ! maiM ApakI zaraNa meM hU~" ajAta zatru vandanA karake lauTa aayaa| java bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nivANa ho cukA, tava ajAtazatru kuNika ne indramati gautama mahArAja ke nikaTa zrAvaka ke vrata liye the| apane antima jIvana meM samrATa ne apanA aura parAyA hita sAdhA thaa| bha0 mahAvIra kI samanvaya dRSTi unheM prApta huI thI-vaha ekAnta ke nahIM anekAnta ke poSaka the / unheM dArzanikavAda zuSka nahIM dikhate the~baha sarasa bhAsate the| vAda bhI sahAnubhati para avalambita kevala akhaMDa satya ko sthApita karane ke liye hone lage the| ajAtazatru hI nahIM, saba loga aba 'hI' para nahIM, 'bhI' para jora denA jAna gaye the / vaha yaha nahIM kahate ki 'merA kahanA hI ThIka hai, balki yahI kahate the ki 'merA bhI kahanA ThIka hai aura nayavAda se usakI siddhi karate the| darzanavAda ke jagata meM bha0 mahAvIra dvArA pracArita yaha apUrva krAnti thI! darzanavAda meM isane samatA, satya aura sahAnubhUti ko sthAna dilAyA aura loka zAnti kA anubhava karane lagA ! loka ne bha0 mahAvIra meM eka sacce dArzanika tatvavetA ke darzana kiye !

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(22) gaNanAyaka rAjA ceTaka aura senApati siMha kA vIra-samAgama 'ceTakAkhyotivikhyAto vinItaH paramArhataH // 3 // tasya devI ca bhadrAkhyA tayoH putrA dazAbhavat / dhanAkhyo datta bhadrAMtAvudro'nyaH sudatta vAk // 4 // siMhabhadraH sukuMbhojokaMpanaH supataMgakaH prabhaMjanaH prabhAsazca dharmA iva sunirmalAH // 5 // __-uttara puraann| vajideza meM vaizAlI nagarI thI / ceTaka vahA~ vRji-gaNa-taMtra rAjya ke adhinAyaka the| unakI rAnI kA nAma subhadrA thaa| ve donoM jinendrabhakta the| ceTaka ikSvAku vaMza ke kSatriya-ratna the| vaha the bhI bar3e parAkramI aura vIra yoddhA / magadha se unakI kaI lar3AiyAM huI thiiN| sAtha hI vaha vinayI aura zraddhAla zrAvaka bhI the / ahiMsA dharma ke upAsaka the| jinendra bhagavAna kI pUjAarcA karanA vaha raNakSetra meM bhI nahIM bhUlate the| magava meM rAjagaha ke pAsa jaba unakA rAjazivira par3A huA thA, taba vahA~ unakI pajA ke liye jinAyatana maujada thaa| ceTaka ke dasa patra the, jinake nAma dhana dattabhadra, upendra, sudatta, siMhabhadra, sukuMbhoja, akapana, supataMga prabhaMjana aura prabhAsa the| yaha prAya, saba hI bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta the| siMhabhadra saMbhavata. vaji-gaNa-senA ke nAyaka the| vaha parAkramI senApati the| bha0 mahAvIra kI vandanA karane meM unheM adhika rasa AtA thaa| unakI sAta bahaneM thiiN| saba se bar3I trizalA priyakAriNI bha0 mahAvIra kI mAtA thiiN|

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( 207 ) siMhabhadra bhagavAna ke mAmA hote the| zeSa bahaneM magAvatI, suprabhA, prabhAvatI; cejanI, jyeSThA aura caMdanA nAmaka thiiN| ve saba bha0 mahAvIra kI umAsanA karane meM rasa letI thIM / jyeSThA, caMdanA aura celanI to vIrasaMgha meM sammilita hogaI thIM / rAjA ceTaka ne kaI saphala yuddha lar3e the, parantu abhI unheM abhyantara zatra se jajhane kA avasara nahIM prApta huA thA / eka daphA bha0 mahAvIra kA samozaraNa vaizAlI meM aayaa| ceTaka saparivAra vandanA karane gaye / ahaMta bhagavAn ke mukhAravinda se unhoMne dharmopadeza sunaa| unhoMne jinendra kI vANI meM sunA, bhale hI 'manuSya sahasrAvadhi durdAnta zatruoM para vijaya prApta kare, parantu usakI mahAna vijaya hogI vaha ki jaba vaha apane ko jIta legaa| isaliye apane se yuddha karo / vIro, vAhya zatru se kyoM lar3ate ho ? jo apane para vijaya pAtA hai. vaha sukhI hotA hai / abhyantara vijayahI mahAn hai| parAsta zatru apamAnita aura trasta huA pratikAra kI Aga meM bhalasatA hai aura vadalA lene kI phikra meM rahatA hai| isa vijaya meM sukha-zAnti kahA~ ? sukha-zAnti ahiMsAmaya vAtAvaraNa me hai, jo Abhyantara vijaya meM upalabdha hotI hai / ceTaka ! bhadrapura ke rAjA jinacandra ke do putra sUradatta va jinadatta the| sUradatta nissandeha zastra vidyA meM nipuNa zUra thA / jinadatta azvavidyA meM niSNAta thA, parantu aizvarya use suhAtA na thA-bhogoM se vaha virakta thaa| bhadrapura para mlecchoM kA AkramaNa huaa| rAjA ne jinacandra ko unase morcA lene ke liye bhejA / mlecchoM kA TiDDIdala calA A rahA thaa| vaha mleccha jo dharmakarma nahIM jAnate the-hiMsA-ahiMsA ke bheda ko nahIM pahacAnate the| jinacaMdra ne una para vahAdurI se AkramaNa kiyA, parantu usakI senA mlecchoM ke sammukha apane paira na jamAye rhii| haThAt vaha raNAzraNa se pIche httaa| jinacandra ne sUradatta ko senA lekara bhejaa| rAjA jina zavavidyAntu aizvayoM kA

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( 208 ) nlecchoM kA darpa ghaTa calA thaa| sUradatta lar3A bhI bahAdurI se! usane mlecchoM ko mAra bhgaayaa| bhadrapura ne usa vijayI vIra kA svAgata kiyaa| rAjasabhA me eka dina usake zaurya kA vakhAna huA / ninadatta ne kahA, mlecchoM ko mAra bhagAne meM saccI vahAdurI nahIM hai-vaha sthUla zatru haiM-dUra se dikhatA hai| vahAdurI adRzya zatruoM ko jItane meM hai| krodha, mAna mAyA, lobha, mada, kAma-ye adRzya-sUkSma paDaripu sahaja meM jIte nahIM jaate| sUradatta inheM jIte to kucha vahAdurI hai! zUravIratA mahAzIlavAna banane me hai ! jinadatta kA yaha vAgvANa zUradatta ke vairAgya kA kAraNa huaa| unhone tattaNa zrIdhara muni ke pAsa jAkara ahiMsAdi mahAvrata dhAraNa kara liye aura ugra tapazcaraNa dvArA kAma-krovAdi Abhyantara zatruoM ko parAsta karane meM juTa gaye / samyaktva kA kilA banAyA unhone aura usake phATaka para saMyama aura tapa kI sAkaleM jar3a dii| santoSa kI prAcIra banAkara use unhoMne ajeya vnaayaa| utsAha bhAvanArUpI dhanupa liyA hAtha meM, jo samitisUtra se khiMcA thaa| satya ke bala para usa dhanupa ko vaha tAnate the aura tapa-tIra se karmazatru ko bhedate the| isa prakAra eka sacce zuravIra kI taraha sUradatta ne vaha AdhyAtmika-ahiMsaka yuddha lar3A aura vijayI huye-mokSa lakSmI unako milii| rAjan ! yaha sacce vIra kA Adarza hai| jo karma-zara hai vahI varmazara vanatA hai| (je kamme sUrA te dhanme sUrA!) jIvana ko kamala panna para par3e osavindu kI taraha Dulakate dera nahIM lagatI / ataeva, mumukSu ko yAtmakalyANa karanA ucita hai|" ceTaka isa dharma kyA madrapura mahata pura hai ? yadi vahI hai to use bhelasA sanamnA cAhiye, jahA~ zaka-mlecchoM kA pAnamaya eka aitihAsika ghaTanA hai ! isa viSaya meM khoja kI jarUrata hai|

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(206) dezanA ko sunakara sambodhi ko prApta huye| vaha digambara muni huye aura vipulAcala parvata para tapa dvArA karmoM kA kSaya karane meM saMlagna rahe / vaha aba lokopakAra karane ke lie mahAparAkrama pradarzita kara rahe the| eka daphA kauzAmbI kI rAnI vahA~ A bhaTakI aura vahIM para unhoMne putra-prasava kiyaa| ceTaka ne usake pAlana poSaNa kA prabandha eka brAhmaNa parivrAjaka se karA diyA / 1 ceTaka ke muni hone para vaizAlI kA Adhipatya unake putra ko prApta huaa| * eka anya avasara para senApati siMhabhadra bha. mahAvIra kI vandanA karane ke liye gye| unhoMne bha0 mahAvIra ko namaskAra kiyA aura vinaya pUrvaka paMchA, "prabho / licchavi rAjakumAra zAkyamuni gautamabuddha kI prazaMsA karate haiN| unake mata ko acchA batAte haiN| yaha kyA bAta hai ?" siMhabhadra ne uttara meM sunA ki 'gautamabuddha ke vacana mana ko lubhAne vAle indrAyaNa phala kI taraha sundara haiM, parantu siMha / tuma to karma siddhAnta ke zraddhAnI Avaka ho, tumhe akriyAvAdI gautama ke mata se kyA prayojana ? mugdha licchavikumAra isa bheda ko nahIM cInate / jo karmoM ke phala ko bhogane vAle AtmA ke astitva ko bhI spaSTa nahIM batA sakatA aura jo pragaTa hiMsAvAda -mAsa lolupatA kA savaraNa nahIM kara sakatA, vaha gurU kaisA? kyA tuma Atma dravya me vizvAsa nahIM rakhate aura kyA tuma jIvoM ke ghAta me hiMsA nahIM mAnate ? kyA mRta mAsa khAnA vidheyaM hai ? mala gaye, jaba tumane bauddhasaMgha ke liye mAsa bhojana kA pravandha kiyA thA, taba vaizAlI me kaisA kSobha phailA thA ? vaizAlI me sar3aka-sar3aka aura caurAhe caurAhe para dharmazraddhAlu janatA ne usa karma kA virodha kiyA thaa| saba ne eka svara se kahA thA ki zramaNa gautama jAnabUjha kara auhezika mAsa 1. udAyanakAmya ( tAmila)-JA., VII pp +-5. -

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( 210) bhojana karatA hai, isalie usa hiMsA kA pAtakI vahI hai / dhamAtmA kabhI bhI jAnabUjha kara prANIvadha nahIM karate / " siMha ne bIca meM kahA, "nAtha | yaha kaise ? jaba gautama ne prANIvadha kiyA nahIM taba vaha usake pAtakI kyoM ? ' siMha ne samajhA ki "mugdha jIva hiMsA aura ahiMsA ke svarUpa ko na jAnane ke kAraNa hI aisA kahate haiN| siMha | yaha batAo ki tuma mere pAsa kaise Aye ? aise hI na ki pahale tumhAre manameM yaha bhAva udaya huA ki calo jJAtaputra mahAvIra bhagavAn se isa zaMkA kI nivRtti kareM ? isa bhAva ke anurUpa hI tumane karma kiyaa| yaha tumhArI bhAvakriyA kA sthUla rUpa thA-usakI sUkSma pratikriyA tumhAre mAnasa kSetra me usa bhAva ke udaya hote hI holI ataeva pratyeka karma bhAva aura dravya rUpa se do taraha kA hotA hai| hiMsA aura ahiMsA bhI do taraha hai| (1) bhAva hiMsA aura (2) dravya hiMsA / inameM bhAva hiMsA pradhAna hai| usake hote huye dravya hiMsA kI jAve, cAhe na kI jAve, parantu vyakti hiMsA kA aparAdhI ho jAtA hai, kyoMki pramattacitta-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ke vaza hokara vaha apane va anya prANI ke bhAva prANoM kA hanana karatA hai usake pariNAma utane hI kara ho jAte haiM, jitane ki prANIvadha karate samaya eka hatyAre ke hote haiN| samrATa zreNika kI bAta, siMha ! tumane sunI hogI ! rAjagaha meM kAla saukarika nAmaka kasAI rahatA hai| zreNika ne cAhA ki vaha hiMsA kA vyApAra chor3a de / kAlasaukarika hiMsAnandI hai vaha volA, isa kAma meM dopahI kyA hai jo maiM ise chor3a dU~ ? isake dvArA maiM sahasrAdhika manuSyoM kI rasanA-jati karane kA zreya aura arthalAbha pAtA hU~ ! aisA acchA bandhA meM nahIM choDagA / zreNika ne lAlaca diyA, parantu vaha na mAnA / haThAt zreNika ne rAjadaNDa diyA aura use andhakUpa meM vanda karA diyaa| vaha samajhe kAlasaukarika aba hiMsA nahIM kara pAyagA / zreNika vora samozaraNa meM

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( 211 ) Ae aura bole ki nigraMtha samrATa / maiMne kAla saukarika se hiMsA chur3A dI; aba merI gati kyA hogI ? unhoMne uttara meM sunA ki rAjan ! pUrvamevadhe hue zubhAzubha karmoM kA phala udayame avazya AtA hai| tuma pahale narka Ayu kA bandha vaoNdha cuke ho, isaliye vaha ekadama haTa nahIM sakatA / kAlasaukarika ke bhI tIvra mithyAtva aura cAritra mohanIya karma udaya me A rahe haiM, isIlie vaha hiMsA ko nahIM chor3a paataa| zreNika anvakUpa me tumane use DAlA avazya, parantu vahA~ bhI usane miTTI ke bhaiMse banA kara mAre hai / una miTTI ke bhaisoko mArate samaya bho usake vaise hI kara bhAva the aura vahI hiMsAnanda thA jo use sacamucake bhaisoM ko mArate samaya hotA thaa| zreNika ne dekhA to yaha saca pAyA / isaliye siMha / hiMsA aura ahiMsA kI parakha manuSya ke bhAvoM se hI kI jAtI hai| eka kRSaka aura eka dhIMvara hai| kRSaka mIloM janIna jota DAlatA hai aura trasasthAvara jIvoM kI virAdhanA kara DAlatA hai| dravya hiMsA kheta jotane me hotI hai| dUsarI ora dhIvara vasI DAle tAlAba ke kinAre baiThA rahatA hai-vilkula sAvadhAna. jarA khaTakA huA ki samajhA machalI pakar3a lI, parantu machalI phaMsatI eka bhI nahIM / usake bhAva machalI pakar3ane me ota prota rahate haiN| batAo, uname se kauna hiMsA kA adhika pAtakI hai ? kisAna nahIM, dhIvara kisAna ke bhAva-hiMsA kA abhAva hai aura dhIvara ke dravya hiMsA to nahIM hai, parantu bhAva hiMsA jaTAjUTa hai / isaliye vaha mahApApI hai| isI kAlasaukarika kA lar3akA hai - vaha bhavya hai / hiMsaka vyApAra vaha nahIM karatA ! usake sage sambandhiyoM ne samajhAyA aura dabAyA, para vaha to bhI vicalita na huaa| kasAI na banA / usane spaSTa kahA ki yadi tuma merA dukha baTAlo to maiM samajhe tuma mere pApa-puNya ke bhAgI vnoge| yaha kaha kara usane bhaise ke gale para nahIM, apane paira para kulhAr3I mArI aura dukha se behoza huaa| koI bhI usake dukha ko na baeNTA

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( 212 ) 1 1 pAyA - sava ko apanI 2 karanI kA phala svayaM bhugatanA par3atA usake sage sambandhI cupa ho cale gaye / jAnate ho, unhoMne kyA karmabandha kiyA ? sage-samvandhiyoM ke hiMsAmaya bhAva the, isaliye unhoMne pApa kamAyA aura kAla saukarika putra dayAlu hRdaya thA - usane ahiMsaka bhAvoM se puNya kamAyA / aura suno, tumane siMha / prasiddha vaidyarAT jIvaka kA nAma sunA hai - vaha rogamukta karane ke liye cIr3aphAr3a bhI karate hai / eka rogI ko unhoMne cIrA lagAyAbilkula sAvadhAnI se, parantu bhAgyavazAt usakI hRdayagati kSINa ho gaI aura vaha mara gyaa| kyA rAjA jIvaka ko aparAdhI kahegA aura use prANadaNDa degA ? nahIM na ? isIliye ki jIvaka kA bhAva rogI ko mArane kA nahIM, jilAne kA thA / basa, ahiMsA siddhAnta kI kuJjI yahI hai / bhAvoM para hI vaha avalambita hai / hiMsA ke bhAva hoM, phira cAhe prANI hiMsA karo yA na karo yA dUsaroM se karAo yA na karAo, vyakti kA pApa bandha hogA / kRta-kAritaanumodanA, eka samAna haiM / mAMsa bhakSaka bhale hI prANIvadha na karate ho, parantu unake bhojana ke lie prANiyoM kA vadha hotA hai / isalie kArita hiMsA kA doSa avazya hai / ava siMha | batAo kyA mRtyu mAsa kA khAnevAlA hiMsApApa kA doSI nahIM hai ?" siMha ne kahA, "avazya hai, naath| maiM bhalA thA - licchavikumAra bhI bhUle the / nirgrantha samrAT / ApakI vacana vargaNAoM se ajJAna miTA hai / kintu prabho / kucha loga kahate haiM ki bhojana ke lie sthAvara - ekendriya aneka jIvoM kA vadha karane kI apekSA eka bar3e se jIva kA - pazu kA vadha karanA ucita hai - hiMsA donoM meM hai / phira nirAmiSa bhojana-pAna meM hI kyA vizeSatA rahI ?" siMha ne sunA to vaha samajhA ki "jIva-tatva - vijJAna ko na samajhane vAle ajJajana hI aisA kahate haiN| siMha / vaha sasArI jIvoM ke bhedoM aura unakI prANazaktiyoM ko nahIM jAnate haiM / sasArI - I

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( 213) jIva sthAvara aura trasa rUpa se do saraha ke haiN| sthAvara jIva cala phira nahIM sakate haiM - unake kevala eka sparzana indriya hai| kevala cAra prANa (1) sparzana indriya, (2) kAya bala, (3) zvAsozvAsa, (4) Aya haiM / trasa jIva cala phira sakatA aura vaha dvi-indriya; tri-indriya, catuH indriya aura paMcendriya hotA hai| inake prANa bhI kramAnusAra bar3ha jAte hai / paMcendriya jIva ke jaise baila-bhaiMsA Adi ke dasa prANa hote haiN| pAMca indriyAM, tIna bala, zvAsozvAsa aura Aya unake pUrNa vyakta hote hai| aba jarA soco, eka indriya jIva jaise vanaspati yA jalakAyika jIva kI hiMsA me adhika prANoM kA ghAta hogA yA paMcendriya pazu ke ghAta meM ? paMcedriya ke ghAta meM adhika prANoM kA ghAta hogA aura utanA adhika hI pApabaMdha hogA, kyoMki hiMsA bhAva va dravya prANaghAta se hotA hai| ataH ekendriya aneka choTe jIvoM ke ghAta se kahI jyAdA hiMsA bar3e prANI ke ghAta meM hotI hai| ekendriya jIva ke ghAta se dvendriya jIva ke ghAta me asaMkhyAta guNA pApa hai| phira bhalA vicAro paJcendriya jIva ke ghAta me kitanA adhika pApa hogA ? anna-jala ke vinA to jIvana nirvAha asaMbhava hai; paraMta mAsa-madirA-madhu jIvanasthiratA ke liye Avazyaka nahIM haiM / ataH vaDe pazu ko mAra kara usakI aura usake Azrita anya jIvoM kI kyoM hiMsA kI jAve ? magayA me hiraNI ko hatyAre vedha lAte haiM-pakSiyoM ko apane tIra kA nizAnA banAte hai, kintu kitanI karuNa vilavilAhaTa hotI hai unakI ! phira usa choTe se hiranI ke bacce ko dekho jo mA ke dUdha para nirbhara thA athavA ghoMsale me pakSI ke zizuoM kI cillAhaTa suno jo apanI mAM ke viyoga meM tar3aphar3A rahA hai| yaha kaise karuNotpAdaka dRzya hai ! kyA haka hai manuSya ko jo vaha mAM ko bace se alaga kre| mAsa bhojana manuSya ke hRdaya ko kaThora aura krUra banA detA hai, jisake kAraNa

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( 214 ) vaha Atmonnati nahIM kara pAtA hai / vaha na svayaM apanA upakAra karatA hai aura na apane sAthI jIvoM kA / vaha svArtha meM aMdhA ho jAtA hai aura ahiMsA ke mahatva ko nahIM jAnatA / mAsa meM pratisamaya usI prakAra ke sUkSma kITANu utpanna hote rahate haiMunameM kitane hI jaharIle hote haiM / mUr3ha unakA bhakSaNa karake bora pApa kamAtA aura kabhI 2 apane prANoM se bhI hAtha vo baiThatA hai / nirAmiSa bhojana me tIvra pariNAma nahIM hote, balki pariraNAmoM meM komalatA rahatI hai / vaha ahiMsaka svayaM jIvita rahatA hai aura dUsaroM ko jIvita rahane dene meM sahAyaka banatA hai / vaha vyartha hI anarthaka sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA bhI nahIM karatA hai ! yaha hai vizeSatA nirAmiSa bhojana kI / mAMsa bhakSaka cir3ImAra ko nikalatA dekha kara pazu-pakSI bhayabhIta hokara cillAte haiM, parantu vahI kSamAzIla ahiMsaka vIra ke nikalane para zAnta rahate aura sukha anubhava karate haiM ! isalie siMha | spaSTa jAno ki jIva ke apane zuddhopayoga rUpa prANoM kA ghAta rAga dveSa, moha, kAma, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, bhaya, zoka, jugupsA aura pramAda bhAvoM se hotA hai / isaliye ina rAgAdi bhAvoM kA abhAva hI ahiMsA hai| bhAvoM kA tAratamya hI eka vyakti ko hiMsA kA dukhada pariNAma bhugatane ke liye vAdhya karatA hai aura dUsare ko vahI hiMsA bahuta sI ahiMsA ke phala ko detI hai / jaise eka munirAja dhyAna kara rahe haiM / una para eka mahAkrUra pariNAmI siMha AkramaNa karatA hai / eka zUkara ko muni para dayA AtI hai - vaha komala ahiMsAmaya bhAva se prerA huA munirAja kI rakSA ke liye juTa jAtA hai / siMha aura zUkara lar3ate 2 jUjha marate haiN| siMha krUra pariNAmoM ke kAraNa hiMsA karate hue naraka meM jAtA hai, parantu zUkara zubha bhAvoM ke kAraNa hiMsA karatA huA bhI svarga ko jAtA hai ! yaha hai bhAva ahiMsA kA puNya phala ! ta manasA vAcA karmaNA -

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( 215 ) ahiMsA dhama pAlana karane meM jIva kA kalyANa hai !" siMha ne vinamra hRdaya ho zIza namAyA - vaha bolA, "dIna bandho ! ApakA zAsana loka kalyANa kA maMgala pratIka hai / ahiMsA kA svarUpa samajhane meM hI loka kA kalyANa hai / parantu he jJAna dhana ! yaha to batAiye ki gRhastha apanI loka maryAdA aura Atithya kartavya nirvAha me hiMsA ke pApa se kaise mukta rahe ? kaise vaha apane dhana-jana kI rakSA kare ?" siMha ne sunA thA vIra vANI me ki "ahiMsA kA pUrNa pAlana mokSa puruSArtha ke sAdhaka munijana hI karate haiM / sAdhu ke ghara hai aura na sampatti -- usakA antaraMga bhI nirmala hai| duniyAM se use koI sarokAra nahIM / isalie vaha ahiMsA kA manasA, vAcA, karmaraNA pUrNa pAlana karate haiM; parantu gRhastha bhI yathA zakya ahiMsAvrata pAlatA hai / vaha jAnabUjha kara saMkalpI hiMsA kabhI nahIM karatA hai / jIvana nirvAha me Arambha aura vyApAra dhandhe meM udyogI hiMsA gRhastha ke liye anivArya hai / ina kAryoM ko bhI yadi vaha sAvadhAnI se karatA hai to usako bahuta kama hiMsA kA pApa lagatA hai| loka maryAdA me mUr3ha jana devatAoM kI bali me aura atithiyoM ke sammAna meM pazu hiMsA karate haiM / yaha hiMsA saMkalpa pUrvaka kI jAtI hai - gRhastha isa hiMsA ke doSa se usakA tyAga karake vaca sakatA hai| hiMsA meM doSa hI doSa haiusame dharma mAnanA bhArI bhUla hai / gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama ne pahale yaha bhUla khUba kI, parantu vaha aba isakI nissAratA aura bhayAnakatA jAnate hai / koI devI devatA pazuvali se prasanna nahIM hotA - manuSya kI yaha jhUThI kalpanA hai / mahat puruSa bhI yaha kabhI nahIM cAheMge ki unake lie dUsare ke amUlya prANa liye jAveM / isaliye dharma aura loka maryAdA ke liye bhI pazuhiMsA vidheya nahIM ho sakatI ! siMha | anna- miSTAnna zAka aura phala kI sAmagrI setI svAdiSTa, svAsthya carddhaka aura sAtvika bhojana vanate

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haiN| unase manuSya Atithya varma kA nirvAha karake apanA aura saba kA bhalA kara sakatA hai / isa prakAra jahAM ahiMsA kA sAmrAjya hogA vahA zAti aura samatA kA Adhipatya hogA-satya naMgI talavAra lie ghamatA hogA ! satya parAyaNa kSamAzIla ahiMsaka nAgarikoM ko vana-jana kI rakSA karane kI phikra kabhI na staayegii| vRjigaNatantra kI prajA satya aura ahiMsA kI pujArI hai| kyA usake prANa aura sampatti surakSita nahIM haiM !" siMha ne kahA "vRji eka Adarza loka nantra rAjya hai, parantu loka me vaisA rAjya sarvatra aura sarvadA nahIM ho sakatA / rASTra kI rakSA aura rAja niyamo kA samucita pAlana-zAsana saMcAlana karAnA mujha se kSatriya kA parama dharma hai| to kyA svadharma, svarASTra aura svajAti kI rakSA ke liye yuddha lar3anA aura aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa denA ahiMsA varma ke viruddha hai ?" siMha ne sunA ki 'tAtvika dRSTi se koI bhI ahiMsaka niraparAdha rakta nahIM bahAyegA / nAzavAn sampatti ke jhaThe moha ke liye para prANiyoM ke amUlya prANoM kA apaharaNa karanA kahA~kA nyAya hai ? santoSa hI baDI sampatti hai| asantoSI kabhI sampattizAlI nahIM hotA / jo parigraha kI tRSNA me jala rahA hai, use sukha kahA~ hai ? dharmanIti yahI kahegI aura yahI svarNa nIti hai / manupya artha aura kAma puruSArthoM kI sidvi dharma puspArtha ke bala para hI kara sakatA hai| isaliye hI rAjanIti aura samAjanIti kI vyavasthA aura pavitratA ke liye manuSya ko laukika maryAdA kA nirmANa ahiMsAdharma ke anurUpa karanA ucita hai / yadyapi launika varma deza bheda aura kAlabheda ke AdhIna hai, parantu usakA prANatatva ahiMsA hI hai| usake binA vaha nirdIpa aura sthAyI nahI ho sktaa| vaha grAma varma, nagaradharma, rASTradharma, pAkhaNDavarma, kuladharma, gaNadharma aura sapavarma lpa hai| grAma meM rahane vAle pratyeka vyakti ko ahiMsA ke AdhAra se grAmonnati ke niyama

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(22) nirmANa karake unakA pAlana karanA dharma hai| isI prakAra nagara dharma nagaravAsiyoM ke liye aura rASTradharma rASTronnati ke liye nikhaDa pita hai / pratyeka nAgarika aura rASTra kA pratyeka sadasya ahiMsAmA ke anusAra nagara aura rASTra kI unnati meM saMlagna hote prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva ne pAsa, jagara aura rASTradharma kI sthApanA kI thI unhoMne apane jIvana kA adhikAMza bhAga rASTroddhAra aura samA ke kArya meM vyatIta kiyA thaa| rASTra kA mUla AdhAra grAma de| jaba grAma kI ThIka vyavasthA hai aura khAsI bhI TS 15 sa rIti se pAlana karate haiM, taba Tra kI unnati se dUra nahI lgtii| avaeva ina laukika dharmoM kA pAlana, hiMsA, nIti se karanA hI ucita hai / rASTronnati me eka bar3I bAdhA samAva kI hotI hai| usase bacane ke liye pratyeka nAgarika ko sA~khaNDa dharma kA pAlana, samanvaya aura samabhAva se karanA cita hai| pAkhaNDa kahate haiM sampradAyagata, vrata niyamoM ke pAlana ko jaba ve rU pAkhaNDa niyama ahiMsA para anastita hotI taba sAmpradAyika, vipra punapa hI na pAyegA / saMva apane 2 matAnukUla dayAlu banege aura apanA evaM parAyA hita saadhege| kuladharma, gaNadharma aura saMgha dharma sAmAjika evaM rAjakIya vyavasthA ke liye anivArya hai| kuladharma kulAcAra hai, vaha aisA honA cAhiye jisase pratyeka kula patitAvasthA ko prApta na ho, balki, ucca banatA jAne / ahiMsApajIbI hone se hI manuSya ke kula ucca banate hai / vyaktigata athavA sAmUhika udyoga dhandhe aise karanA vidheya hai, jo apane liye aura dUsare ke liye lAbhaprada ho / uname atyalpa hiMsA honA - cAhiye ] gaNa aura saMgha "vaidhAnika rAjavyavasthA ke liye sthApita kiye jAte haiN| uname yadi ahiMsA siddhAMta ko bhulA diyA jAyagA to unake sadasya' anyAya aura svArtha ke cuddhala me phaMsa jAyeMge, jisakA pariNAma rASTra ke liye burA hogaa| unameM sArvahita ke * IF T 1 BSA 31 1 ryh

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( 218 ) 1 liye hI sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika vidhAna aura niyama svIkRta honA upAdeya hai| siMha / isa prakAra jahAM para sAMskRtika naitikatA kA prAbalya hogA, vahA~ vaira-virodha ke liye sthAna na rahegA / phira manuSya bher3iyoM kI taraha Apasa meM lar3eMge hI kyo ? saba svAdhIna raheMge aura paraspara sahayoga dvArA eka dUsare ko sukhazAnti pahu~cAne ko udyoga krege| sAre manuSyoM kI eka jAti hai sAre vizva ke logoM kA eka kuTumba hai / phira saba ko kyoM na mila kara jIvana sArthaka banAnA cAhiye ?" siMha ne kahA, "lokoddhAraka prabho Apa haiM / loka kI vibhUti haiM, parantu jagata me vaiSamya rahA hai / lobhI nRzaMsa nara bher3iye kI zakla meM isa svarga sama vasudhA kI zAnti bhaGga karane ke liye udhAra khAye milate haiM - unakA ilAja ahiMsA kaise ? vaha to yuddha kiye binA nahIM namege ?" siMha ne samajhA, ki "nissandeha loka me anantAnuvandhI kapAya ke vazIbhUta huA jIva sahasA ahiMsA - akuza ko nahIM mAnatA hai| usake darpa ko ahiMsA yuddha se zAMta karane kA udyoga karanA hI zreSTha hai --jalayuddha, mallayuddha, netrayuddha Adi ahiMsaka yuddha haiM / ina me jo jIte vahI vijetA hai / yadi isa para bhI koI anyAcI manuSya loka kI svAdhInatA chInane aura zAnti bhaGga karane para tulA ho to vaha AtatAyI hai| usase apanI, apane dharma apane deza aura jAti kI jaise bhI ho vaise rakSA karanA paramadharma hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki gRhastha virodhI hiMsA kA tyAga nahIM karatA hai / 1 vaha isase bacatA hai yathA sambhava aura jaba anivArya hotA hai 1 vidyA, maMtra, asibala ( talavAra ke jora) va tapa Adi dvArA dharma prabhAvanA karanA cAhiye :-- "vAhya prabhAvanAMgo'sti vidyA matrAsibhirvalaiH / tapodAnAdibhi jaina dharmotkarSo vidhIyatAm // 320|| - lATI saMhitA /

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( 216 ) to zatru kA eka bAMke vIra kI taraha mukAbilA karatA hai / dayA aura prema sadA usake sAtha rahate haiM / vaha zatru se usakI galatI sudhArane ke liye lar3atA hai / dUsare kA burA yA nAza karane kI durbhAvanA se saccA vIra kabhI nahIM lar3atA / yuddha sabhI niMdanIya aura loka ke liye zocanIya hai, parantu satya, ahiMsA aura nyAya kI rakSA anivArya hai / ataeva svArtha evaM ahaGkAra kA nirodha karake duSToM ko daNDa denA gRhastha kA kartavya hai- pApIjanoM ke sammukha Atma samarpaNa vaha kabhI nahIM karegA / basa, vaha yaha dhyAna rakkhegA ki usakA saMgrAma svArtha aura dveSa, lobha aura abhimAna ke kAraNa nahIM hai / usakA uddezya prazasta hai - pramatta rUpa nahIM hai | ahiMsaka bhAva hI pradhAna hai / isI me loka kA utthAna chipA huA hai kyoMki : - " savve pAyA piyA uyA, suhasAyA duha paDikUlA appiya vahA ! piya jIvigo, jIvikAmA, tamhA raNAtivAejja kiMcaNaM // ' arthAt - "saba prANiyoM ko Ayu priya hai saba sukha ke abhilASI haiM, dukha saba ke pratikUla hai, badha saba ko apriya hai, saba jIne kI icchA rakhate haiM, isase kisI ko mAranA athavA kaSTa pahu~cAnA ucita nahIM hai / " siMhabhadra ne tIrthakara prabho ko sASTAGga namaskAra kiyA- unakI zaMkAyeM nirmUla ho gaI thIM / unhoMne zrAvaka ke vratoM ko grahaNa kiyA aura nirmantha muniyoM ke vaiyAvRtya aura Atithya satkAra me jo samajhAne se na mAne to usako jItane ke lie zastra yuddha kA vidhAna hai: Phimp "buddhi yuddhena para jetumazakta. zastra yuddhamupakramet ||4|| " - nItivAkyAmRtam /

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HNA IFE kAmamA sArka Toil HEMlA ani bimA yAsaka eka bar3I saMkhyA meM hue 1 jinhoMne ahiMsA dharma ke nijayu gIta jagata ko manAyA jA kopa miyA kA E TRITI is FIES sugaliyadhu soMgrItA pAlaveko bAlI sama, mA ra pramA kA aisI dayA kI citta, tihU~ loka myANI hita, jAgA mAha FT PATE - magara REAKER F].1 kamara aura kastuta kAlakhasa na laakhyH|| lAkhyA Frip #TFI F], Fri , i i ___joka ME PM kA ! TEauda granyA mahAlAta vinaya piTako meM likhI haSBEE xvIT11)ki sIha siMhAvAmAnya vivi senApavizatigaMDA nAThaputta ke ziSya / saMthAgAra meM samaNa gautama kI prazaMsA suna kara ra vaI unako banAe bhojana ko nimantraNa de prAyA kyoMki vaha bA para sauha ne bAjAra se mAsa maMgavAyA aura bauddha bhikSuoM ko khilaayaa| isa para nainiyoM ne pravAda utthaayaa| 'mahAvagga meM likhA hai ki eka bar3I saMkhyA meM ve (ninanya mazAlI meM sar3aka aura caraha zapara yaha zora macAta daur3ate phira kiyA senApati sahi ne eka brela kA va kiyA hai aura sakA grAhora sameNa gautama kajiye banAyA hai| samaNa gautama jAnabUjha kara ki yaha veja mare AhAra deta mArA gayA hai, pazu kA mAMsa khAtA hai, isalie vahI usa pazu ke mArane ke liye baghA.! hai| hama apane jIvana ke liye bhI bhI jAnA kara prANI badha nahIM usnetase spaSTa ki"sAha pahale jaina aura coTa sanmatimida mAlAko prazNa karane meM saMkoca nahIM karatA thaa| 1556

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"sAna pradhAna lahA mahAvIra ne, zreNika AnaMda meM ( :) FAT ITE ' PTET, ayuri F ER FIR AFE REFFEETIRF RS firg TELFIE FY TRAF bhAra zaila paravIra-dezanAka Frel pradhAna gae / I gipha himA matta pataMga turaMga, bar3e, ratha, 'dhAnata zobhita indrasavAImA kabhanna kSannI, vaizya ju zUdrA mukkAmini bhIra ghaMTI umeDII / kAnAparI na sunai koma vAni, sudhUra ke para calI gaI kAra / EACEF EDIES IN 3 vivara jhAntamAyAjI tIrthaGkara saMhAkIra vihAra aura dharmapracAra karate hue eka bAra vasAra parvata para AvirAjamAna huii|| zreriNakArAjapatirU sehila vaMdanA ko gye| mArga meM logoM ne dekhA, eka meDaka ke muaaNhaa| vikAsata kasala pula hai aura vaha kUdatA sahAvIra-samozaraNa kI ora jA rahma hai logoM ne kahA, kaisA mAhAtya hai lisakahileSI prabhU mahAvIra kA, yaha tirIha pazuH bhImAco bhaktipradazatA karane jA rahA hai| kintu dUMsare kSaNa unhoMne dekhA ki' vaaii| miDhaka zreNika ke hAthI ke paira se samsayA, auzA apanI ihalIla samApta kara cukA hai| jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA, para inhe Azraya huaa| jIvana kA kyA bharosA. kAMca kI zIzI ko phUTate dera lagatI hai, parantu, kAyA zIzI-ko phUdate dezAnahI lagatI // manuSya janma kI sArthaktA isI meM hai ki manuSya apanA aura parAyA.hita saadhle.| isa prakAra ko puNyamA vicAradhArA-mA bahate hue bhaktajana vIra samozaraNa me pahu~ce / / samozeraNA kI vanarAzi me eka vRkSa ke nIce zilA para dharmavipnAmakA muni dhyAnasarata vaiThe hue the / zreNika ne uname dekhA-abhivaMdanA kii| paraMnta unakA kiJcit vikRta mukha dekhA para unako moThA huI ki vaha prabhU mahAvIra ke nikaTa phuNce| unako namaskAra kiyA aura

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( 222) tIna pradakSiNA dekara vinayapUrvaka pUchA, "prabho / mArga meM maiMne eka munirAja ko vRkSatale dhyAnamagna dekhA hai, ve kauna hai ? unakA mukha vikRta kyoM hai ?" zraNika ne sunA, "aga deza me campA nagarI hai / zvetavAhana vahA~ kA rAjA thA, vahI muni huA hai aura varmaruci ke nAma se prakhyAta hai| zreNika | tumane unhIM ke darzana kiye haiN| unakA putra vimalavAhana rAjabhAra saMbhAlane meM asamartha pramANita huA hai| varmaruci muni jaba AhAra ke lie nagara meM gaye to unhoMne yaha sunA ki 'yaha kaise niThura haiM ? apane asamartha bAlaka para zAsanabhAra chor3akara svArtha sAba rahe haiN| pApI maMtriyoM ne bAlaka ko bandI banA liyA hai aura svaya zAsaka bana gaye haiN|' muni dharmaruci yaha sunate hI putrasneha me vimohita ho gye| unhoMne AhAra nahIM liyaa| vaise hI ulTe pairA lauTa Aye aura krodhAnala meM jhulasa rahe haiN| isIliye unake mukha para vikAra thA-saMkleza pariNAmoM ke hone se kRSNa, nIla aura kApota lezyAoM kI vRddhi ho gaI hai| yadi eka muhUrta taka unakI yahI sthiti rahI to avazya hI unheM naraka Ayu kA baMdha ho jaaygaa| ataH zreNika tuma unhe jAkara samajhA do aura unako Atmapatana se vcaalo|" zreNika yaha sunate hI dharmaraci munirAja ke pAsa pahu~ce aura unhe munipada kA smaraNa dilaayaa| vaha bole 'munirAta Apa cintA na kreN| Apa apanA dharma pAleM / maiM apanA vAtsalya dharma pAlaMgA ApakA putra apane purupArtha se hI sukhI hogaa|' dharma ruci ko apanI galatI sUjha gaI-unhoMne ucca koTi kA zula dhyAna mAr3A ora karmazatruoM kA nAza karake vaha kevala bAnI hue| devoM ne khUba utsava mnaayaa| zreNika ne bhI magala gAna kiyaa| uparAnta vIranAtha se unhoMne prazna kiyA, "prabho, dharmaruci ko ekadama kevalajJAna kaise huA ?" uttara me unhoMne jo sunA

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( 223 ) usakA bhAva thA ki "manuSya apane acche-bure pariNAmoM ke anusAra hI zubhAzubha baMdha karatA hai aura jaba usake bhAva na zubha hote haiM aura na azubha, balki zuddha AtmasvabhAvI ho jAte haiM tava vaha baMdha kA nAza karatA hai / chai lezyAye manuSya ke ataMraMga bhAvoM kI paricAyaka haiN| ve (1) kRSNa, (2) nIla, (3) kApota, (4) pIta, (5) padma, (6) aura zukta haiN| unake tAratamya-tIvra aura manda bhAvoM ke anusAra AtmA kama se lipatI hai| inakA artha samajhane ke lie yaha udAharaNa kAryakArI hai / eka phalAphalA AmakA vRkSa hai / chai manuSya usa para se Ama lene ke lie jAte haiN| eka bhIma-kRSNakAya vyakti usa Amase lade huye vRkSako dekhakara lobha me aMdhA ho jAtA hai - vaha nahIM cAhatA ki usa vRkSa se aura koI lAbha uThAye; isalie vaha use jar3a se hI kATanA cAhatA hai| usake yaha krUra bhAva kRSNa lezyA ke hai aura atyanta nikRSTa hai| dUsarA AdamI usase kahatA hai, bhAI / jar3a se kyoM kATate ho ? Ao, eka-do zAkhAyeM kATa lo --unase kAphI phala, thor3I-bahuta lakar3I aura cArA bhI milegaa| isa vyakti ke pahale vAle se kama lobha kaSAya hai; paraMtu haiM isake bhI bhAva svArthapUrNa-yaha bhI dUsare kA saMsarga aura samparka nahIM caahtaa| yaha bhAva nIla lezyA ke haiN| tIsare AdamI kA lobha isa dUsare se bhI kama hai| vaha kahatA hai ki zAkhAoM ko kyoM kATA jAya ? TahaniyoM se hI kAma cala jAyagA, yaha bhI svArtha meM lipta hai aura hiMsakabhAva ko lie huye hai| isake pariNAma kApota lezyA ke haiM aura bare haiN| yaha tInoM lezyAyeM barI hai| dharma zraddhAlu svapna meM bhI ina durbhAvoM ko apane mana me nahIM Ane dete ; anta kI tInoM lezyAyeM zubha hai-unameM mAnava hRdaya uttarottara komala aura saMtoSI rahatA hai| cauthA AdamI pIta lezyA vAlA maMda kaSAyI hai| vaha kahatA hai ki vyarthaM TahanI kyoM tor3I

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( 224 ) ye zrIma - - - jAya haritakAya kI jitanI kama cirAdhanA ho utanI acchI ! isaliyeM tahasI hilAkara Ama le lenA cAhiye ! parantu pAMcavIM kvatibhAvazuddhi me usase bhI Age bar3he jAtA hai| badda' kahatA hai, TraMdatI hilA kI mI kyA jarUrata ? jopa dRSTiApaDe unheM tor3a lo TahanI hilAne meM ko-paka sabhI taraha phenAvazyakatA se bhI adhika gira pdd'eNge| isaliye saMyata rahakara tazyakatA ko yUrti kara lenA ucita hai| yaha pAlezyA ke bhAva hai |chttaa vyakti bahuta hI saMtoSI mArya hai aura bhauvazuddhi jA use prati samaya dhyAna hai| vaha kahatA hai ki manuSya ko pUrNa viveka kAma lenAnsacita hai| sacittAyAmoM ko kyoM tor3A, jAya.? cittApa huye grAma gire mile, unhIM se. amanI vapti karanA cAhiyA yaha zuklalezyoM ke bhAva hai utkRSTa upAya na AtmamumukSuoM ko apane hita ke liye inakAra pUrA dhyAna rakhanA zreyaskara hai! isa prakAra ke zubha bhAvoM se ho mumunu'zuddhopayoga ko prApta hotA hai / dhamataciM, munirAja ise Atvika manovijJAna se paricita the| unhoMne sAvadhAna hokara java- apane ko pahacAnA to vaha ekadama sudvopayoga-AsasvabhASA ke pabhoga meM jA'rame ki unheM carAcara''vantu kA trikAlajA jJAna prApta huA zreNika bhAkoM para hI jIva kA bhavitavya" nirbhara hai| isalive jo bhI kriyA kI jAve vaha acche bhAvoM meM socasamajhakara karanA upAdeya hai FERE isI samaya zreNindra ne dekhA ki eka mahaddhika mahApuruSa prabho / mahAvIra kI candanA kara rahA hai / usakA la saundarya apUrva hai|" vAstrAbhUpaNa rAjasI haiM / murcha meM meU kA cinheM banA huA hai, zreNika ko kautUhala huNaa| unhoMne pUchA, vaha mahApuruSa kauna hai aura usakA purava-mAhAlya kyA hai ?" uttara meM unhoMne sunA . "isI rAjarAhI nagara meM 'seTha nAgadatta rahate the bhavadattA unakI - -

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(F225) seThAnI thiiN| seThajI ke svabhAva me mAyAcArI adhika thI-vaha kahate the kucha aura, aura karate the kucha aurhii| evaM mana me vicAra bhI kucha aura hI rakhate the| pariNAmoM kI isa vakratA ke kAraNa hI unake tiryaJcAya kA bandha huA-niyama hai ki mAyAvI puruSa mRtyu uparAnta pazuyoni meM janma letA hai| jo pazugati ke dukha se bhayabhIta hai usa dharmecchu ko mAyAcArI nahIM karanA cAhiye; balki sadA hI isa gurUvAkya ko manana karanA cAhiye ki 'mana me hoya so vacana ucariye, bacana hoya so tana soM kriye| seTha jI ne isa gurUvAkya para dhyAna nahIM diyaa| lakSmI ke lobha me andhe banakara unhoMne khUba chala kapaTa kA vyavahAra kiyA-dharma me pajA bhajana karate hue bhI vaha saudA krte| lAbha ke lie 'volI' bola lete aura loga samajhate yaha seTha jI bar3e dharmAtmA haiM / sArAzataH unakI mAyAcArI unako pazu yoni me le gaI-vaha mara kara apane ghara kI bAvar3I meM meDaka hue| aba unakA jIca vacana-kriyA se logoM ko dhokhA nahIM de sakatA thaa| use apanI karanI kA upayakta daNDa milA thaa| eka dina usa meMDaka ne apanI parvajanma kI patnI bhavadattA ko dekhA Ara dakhata hA use pahale bhava kI saba bAte yAda A gii| usakA prema umar3a AyA-vaha uchala kara bhavadattA ke kapar3oM para jA giraa| bhavadattA ne use httaayaa| para vaha meDaka bAra 2 usake Upara uchalatA thaa| seThAnI ne sutrata nAmaka avadhijJAnI (Clairavoyant) munirAja se pUchA ki meDaka bArabAra usake Upara kyA kUdatA hai ? munijI ne use pahale janma kA sambandha batA diyaa| bhavadattA ne jaba yaha jAnA ki vaha usakA pUrva-patikA jIva hai, to use khazI huI aura vaha use bar3e ArAma se rakhane lgii| jIvoM kA moha aisA hI hotA hai| rAjA zreNika ! jaba tuma yahA~ bandanA ke lie Ae aura seThAnI bhavadattA bhI AI, .

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( 226 ) to seTha jI ke jIva usa meDaka ko bhI jinabhakti kI yAda ho aaii| usane vAvar3I me se eka phala tor3A aura jinendrabhakti kA prerA vaha vIra-vandanA ke lie cala pdd'aa| mArga meM vaha hAthI ke paira ke nIce daba kara anta ko prApta huaa| maeNDaka kA bhAva jinendrabhakti me lavalIna yA-vaha usa acche bhAva ko lekara marA, isalie bar3I 2 RddhiyoM kA dhAraka deva huaa| devoM kI janma se hI kumAra avasthA hotI hai aura janma se hI vaha avadhijJAna (Clairavoyance) ke dvArA apanA parva vatAnta jAna lete haiM / usa deva ne bhI apanA pUrva vRtAnta jAna liyA jinendrabhakti kA pariNAma devagati kA sukha hai' yaha jAnakara usakA hRdaya dharma bhAva se otaprota ho gyaa| vaha maTa se apane saMkalpa ko parA karane ke liye yahA~ AyA--samavazaraNa meM vahI vandanA kara rahA hai| meDaka ke janma se usakA sudhAra aura utthAna huA, isaliye apane mukuTa me meMDaka kA cinha banA rakkhA hai|" zreNika vIravANI meM jinendra bhakti kA mAhAtmya sunakara prasanna huye / unhoMne pUchA, "bhaktavatsala prabho ! jinendra bhakti kA yaha mAhAtmya kyoM hai ? vaha kaise karanA cAhiye ?" uttara meM unhoMne jo dharma dezanA sunI, vaha bhAvarUpa meM yaha prakaTa karatI thI ki "manuSya jisa dhyeya kI siddhi karanA cAhatA hai usakA jJAna aura anubhava use avazya honA cAhiye / apane Adarza ko dRSTi meM rakhakara hI mumukSu usakI parti kara sakatA hai / bhUgola ke vidyArthI ko kalakatte kA dizAbhAne do taraha se hI ho sakatA hai| adhyApaka svayaM use mArga batAte hue kalakattA dikhA lAye athavA parokSa rUpa meM bhArata varSa kA mAnacitra banAkara use kala- ' katte kI sthiti kA jJAna karA de| tabhI vaha bhaTakegA nahIM aura ThIka apane iSTasthAna para pahu~ca jaaygaa| manuSya saMsAra meM paryaTana kararahA hai isa paryaTana meM usakA dhyeya parama sukhadhAma 'nirvANa'

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(227) ko| prApta honA hai| ataH usake liye Avazyaka hai ki vaha usa nirvANa-dhAma kA jJAna aura anubhava prApta kare, jise vaha eka sarvajJa jIvanmukta paramAtmA se hI prApta kara sakatA hai / tIrthakara sazarIrI paramAtmA haiM-unhe nirvANatatva kA jJAna hI nahIM anubhava bhI hai / ataH mumukSu ke liye Avazyaka hai ki vaha unakI nikaTatA prApta karake usa jJAna aura anubhava ko apane meM vikasita hone de- susupta antara-paramAtmarUpa ko jAgata hone de| sAtha hI yaha laukika maryAdA bhI hai-ziSTAcAra hai ki manaSya apane hita ke upakAra ke prati kRtajJatA jJApana kre| hitopadezI tIrthakara bhagavAna kA upakAra mahAn hai-vaha manuSya ko jJAna netra dete haiM, use andhere se nikAla kara ujAle meM le Ate haiM-vaha mokSamArga para A jAtA hai aura usa para ThIka se calakara sukhadhAma ko pA letA hai / bhalA batAiye, isase bar3ha kara aura kyA cAhiye ? andhe ko do oNkheM alaukika Ananda kA AbhAsa dilAtI haiM aura jJAnanetra trikAlavartI triloka kA sAkSAt karAte haiM-vaha anubhava asIma-alaukika aura akhUTa hotA hai| usakA Ananda cA~da sUraja kI taraha anaMta zAsvata hotA hai| jinakI nikaTatA se vaha apUrva aura zreSTha pada prApta ho, unakI ArAdhanA aura bhakti karanA manuSya ke liye svAbhAvika hai| apane upakArI ke prati bhakti aura prema pragaTa karanA manaSya-prakRti kA kArya hai / yahI kAraNa hai zreNika ! jisase prerita hokara manaSya jinendra kI bhakti karatA hai| tIrthakara jinendra icchA-vAMchA se rahita haiN| unheM kisI kI stuti athavA nindA se prayojana nahIM hai| vaha yaha kisI se nahIM kahate ki 'hama sarvajJa-sarvahitaiSI upAsya deva hai; bhakto ! Ao, hamArI pUjA karo' balki bhaktajana svayaM apane hita ko lakSya karake unake prati vinaya pragaTa karate haiN| isa vinayabhAva ko pragaTa

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( 8228) karane ke liye bhakta stuti, bandanA aura upAsanA samvandhI kiyAyeM karatA hai | zreNika / stuti, vandanA aura upAsanA meM bhakta paramAtmA ke guNoM athavA tIrthakaroM ke jIvana vRttAnta kA mAna karatA hai / saMgIta aura laya kA sahArA lekara vaha sarAgI bhakta una guNoM ke bakhAna me tajIna ho jAtA hai| pariNAmataH usakA zrabhyantara una guNoM ke raMga meM raMgane lagatA hai| usakI bhakti zrAtma saMketa ( Auto suggestio1 ) kA kArya karatI hai| manovijJAnI jAnatA hai ki Atma saketa athavA Atma-preraNA zrapUrva zrAtmazakti ko pragaTa karatI hai jinameM manuSya zrazruta pUrva kArya kara jAtA hai / zubhabhAva puNya haiM - jinendra ke guNegAna me zubhabhAva hote hI haiM / zuddha Atmadravya ke guNoM kA vakhAna aura cintavana mumukSu ko zuddhopayoga kA bhAna karAne me mukhya kAraNa hai / taba mumuttu 'dAso'ha' kA bhAva bhUla jAtA hai aura 'so'ha' ke satata-tatvara AtmAlhAda meM magna ho jAtA hai / isa zuddha dazA ko prApta karane ke liye atubhakti eka sAdhana hai / gRhatyAgI sAdhujana bhAva pUjA karake hI apane pariNAmoM kI zuddhi karane me saphala hote haiM; parantu eka gRhastha-bhakta sAtArika saMkalpa-vikalpoM meM phasA huA hai, usakA mana caMcala haiapanI mana kI caMcalatA ko ekadama vaha nahIM roka sakatA / isalie mana kI ekAgratA ke liye use vAhya sAdhana cAhiye - basa, vaha dravya pUjA kA sahArA letA hai| jala-caMdanAdi ATha dravyoM ko apane iSTadeva ke sammukha utsarga karake zuddha hone kI bhAvanA manasA vAcA karmaNA bhAtA hai / jalotsarga karate huye vaha yaha AtmasaMketa ( Auto-suggestion ) apane vacana dvArA karatA hai ki isa saMsAra meM satApa hai-janma jarA kA dukha haimaiM usa dukha ko pAnI de rahA haeNU - phira vaha dukha mujhe na bhugatanA par3e / zreNika ! upAsanAtatva kA yaha vaijJAnika rUpa haiM / gRhastha -

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( 230 ). kA prabhAva unake bhakta rAja zAsakoM para aisA par3A thA ki madhya kAla taka pratyeka jaina mandira ke sAtha cAroM prakAra ke dAna dene ke liye dAnazAlAyeM sthApita karAne kA niyama banA diyA gayA thA / isa niyama pAlana se saccA lokopakAra aura dharmotkape hotA hai / saMcita dhana kA sadupayoga hote rahane se mAnava prakRti duSkR. tiyoM kI zikAra nahIM banatI hai| ___ uparAnta zrerika ne pachA ki "prabho! pratyeka samaya yaha saMbhava nahIM hai ki arhat bhagavAn sAkSAt virAjamAna hoM bhakta sazarIra jIvanmukta paramAtmA kI nikaTatA hara samaya nahIM pA sakatA, taba vaha pajA-vandanA kaise kare ?" zreNika ne sunakara jo samamA usakA bhAva thA ki 'zreNika ! yaha zaGkA ThIka hai| cauthe kAla meM hI sarvajJa arhata-kevalI ke darzana hote haiN| anya kAla aise prazasta nahIM haiM ki unameM kevalI sahaza mahApuruSa janma sakeM / parantu gRhastha kI bhakti meM isase bAdhA nahIM A sakatIvaha parokSarIti se pUjA vandanA kara sakatA hai / tumhe yAda hai ki bhUgola kA jJAna mAnacitra ke dvArA parokSa rUpa meM bilkula ThIka karA diyA nAtA hai| ThIka vaise hI tadAkAra sthApanA-mUrti ke dvArA bhakta upAsanA tatva kA vyavahArika anubhava prApta karatA hai| eka pathika sUryatApa se bacane ke liye trANa chatra (chAtA) le kara nikalA aura mArga meM jahAM vaha ThaharA use rakhakara bhUla gyaa| jaba usane terA rAjachatra dekhA to use apane trANa-chatra kI sudha A gaI / vatAo kyA bhalA nirjIva rAjachatra ne usase kaha diyA ki tU apanI chatrI bhUla AyA ? nhiiN| phira bhI usakA mUka prabhAva usa pathika ke mAnasapaTa para par3A avazya ! nissandeha isI prakAra dhyAnamudrAmaI jina pratimAyeM AtmasvarUpa ko bhale huye bhakta ko usakA smaraNa karAne meM mukhya kAraNa haiM / bhakta unake darzana karake kevalI bhagavAna kI AtmavibhUti

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( 231 ) kA smaraNa karatA hai| use dhyAnAkAra nAsAgra-dRSTi-yukta, zAntimudrAdhArI digambara mUrtiyoM ke darzana karate hI tIrthakara kevalI kA smaraNa ho AtA hai use bhAsatA hai ki sAkSAt kevalI ke darzana samozaraNa me ho rahe haiM aura isake sAtha hI usako unakI saba hI puNyamaI jIvana ghaTanAye yAda AtI haiN| jinake anta meM vaha kaivalyapada ke vaibhava kA anubhava karatA hai| usakA hRdaya pavitra ho jAtA hai| vaha paramparINa mokSabhAva ko pAkara jIvana saphala karatA hai / isa prakAra yaha Adarza pUjA hai| zreNika ! mumukSu ko isake atirikta pASANa-vRkSa aura parvata kI pUjA nahIM karanA cAhiye, kyoMki unase Atmabodha nahIM hotA * jo jIva bhole haiM vaha Adarza-pUjA-vijJAna ko nahIM jAnate aura AkSepa karate haiM ki pItala pASANa kI mUrtiyA~ bhalA manuSya kA kyA upakAra , kara sakatI haiM ? nissaMdeha pItala-pASANa kI mUrtiyoM meM kucha bhI camatkAra nahIM hai aura nahIM hI unakI pUjA karanA upAdeya hai| kintu jo jinamUrtiyA~ vizeSa dhyAnAkAra ko liye huye haiM aura jinake darzana karate hI hRdaya para zAnti chA jAtI hai, ve vizeSa mahatva rakhatI haiN| ve Atma sAdhanA ke liye utkRSTa sAdhana haiMkinhIM bhavya mUrtiyoM ke darzana karate hI alaukika zAnti aura sukha kA anubhava hotA hai / isa yuga meM sabase pahale samrATa bharata ne tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI tadAkAra mUrtiyA~ nirmANa karAI thIM;jo kailAza parvata para Aja bhI surakSita haiN| saca to yaha hai, zreNika | ki loka-vyavahAra binA sthApanA nikSepa ke nahIM calatA / manuSya apane bhAvoM ko vyakta karane ke liye zabdamaI ahazya-mUrtiyA~ nirmANa karatA hai aura apane evaM anya mahApuruSoM ke vAkyoM ko samajhane-samajhAne ke liye akSarakRta mUrtiyA~ racatA hai / yaha atadAkAra mUrtiyA~ manamAnI hotI haiN| ina atadAkAra mUrtiyoM se jaba itanA mahatI aura upayogI kArya

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( 232 ) satA hai, taba tadAkAra mUrtiyoM kyo na vizeSa upayogI hoMgI ? mUrti kI upayogitA meM zaMkA karanA vyartha hai| haoN! mUrti ko dhyeya na mAnakara dhyeya prApti kA sAdhana mAnanA hI ucita hai !" zreNika ne mUrti aura Adarza pUjA kA mahatva hRdayaGgama kiyA / rAjagRha aura sammeda zikhara para unhoMne kaI darzanIya jinamandira banavAye aura unameM manohArI jina pratimAyeM virAjamAna karAI / unhoMne prAcIna tIrthoM jaise mathurA, girinAra Adi kI prabhAvazAlI mUrtiyoM kI pUjA vandanA karake apane bhAgya ko sarAhA ! unakA anukaraNa anya mumukSuoM ne kiyA aura bhArata ko nayanAbhirAma mUlyamaI mandira - mUrtiyoM se alaMkRta kiyA / janatA ne kriyA kADa kI nissAratA aura AtmArAdhanA kA mahatva hRdayaGgama kiyA / zreNika ke praznottara prasaMga me yaha tatva spaSTa hogayA thA / manuSya svayaM apane karmoM kA karttA aura bhoktA hai - dUsaroM ke puNya-pApa kA uttaradAyI vaha nahIM ho sakatA / purohita kI pUjA yajamAna ke bhAvoM ko pavitra nahIM banA sktii| haoN, kArita aura anumodanA kA bhAgI vaha avazya hai, parantu antara zuddhi ke liye manuSya ko svayaM prayatna karanA zreyaskara hai / kulAcAra kA andha anukaraNa kalyANakArI nahIM hai - viveka hI kalyANakartA hai| strI ho, cAhe puruSa - use svayaM apane karmoM kI nirjarA aura saMvara ke liye jinendra kI pUjA bhakti aura tyAgadharma- dAnapuNya kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai / vIra vANI meM zrotAoM ne yaha spaSTa sunA thA ki dharma me jAti aura kula vAdhaka nahIM hai-- mumukSu cAhe brAhmaNa ho aura cAhe zUdra apanA Atma kalyANa karane ke liye svAdhIna hai / ' pUrvabhava meM indrabhUti gautama aura unake donoM bhAiyoM ke jIva du.khIdaridrI, rogI zokI zUdrA kanyAyeM thiiN| unheM eka jainamuni ke -darzana huye, jinase unhoMne 'labdhi vidhAna vrata' prahaNa kiyA aura }

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( 233 ) jinendra kI sAbhiSeka pUjA sahita usako pAlana kiyA / usI vrata kA mAhAtmya hai ki ve lokavandanIya gaNadhara huye! ataH Atmazuddhi ke liye gRhastha ko bhaktivAda kA avalambana viveka pUrvaka lenA kAryakArI hai / bha0 mahAvIra ke dazana karake loka ne isa ko jAnA thaa|

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(24) zabdAlaputra kA zaMkA nivAraNa ! "devAdevArtha siddhi zcevaM pauruSataH katham / daivatazcedanirmokSaH paurupaM niSphalaM bhavet // 8 // " -zrI samantabhadrAcArya tIrthakara bha0 mahAvIra vihAra karate huye palAzapura nAmaka nagara meM bhI zobhita huye the| palAzapura meM zabdAlaputra nAmaka eka dhanavAn kumhAra rahatA thA / vaha kumhAra AjIvika sampradAya ke saMsthApaka maGkaliputra gozAla kA anuyAyI thaa| pUraNa aura maGkhali gozAla nAmaka do munigaNa teIsaveM tIrthaMkara bha0 pArzvanAtha kI paramparA meM prakhyAta the| donoM hI digambara bhepa meM rahate the| maGkhali ne gyAraha aga aura dazapoM kA . adhyayana kiyA thaa| vaha apane ko vizeSa jJAnI samajhatA thAvaha thA dravyaliMgI muni / jaba bha0 mahAvIra kevalajJAnI huye aura unake mukhya gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama huye vo use baDI nirAzA huI-vaha uddaNDa huA aura zrAvastI meM jAkara apane ko tIrthaGkara ghopita karane lagA thaa| logoM ko yogika camatkAra dikhAkara usane unheM apanA bhakta bnaayaa| zabdAla putra unameM mukhya thA / vaha saphala zilpI thaa| usake miTTI ke sundara vartana aura anUThe khilaune dUra 2 taka vikane jAte the| usakI kArIgarI prasiddha thI aura usane khUba dhana kamAyA thA / loga kahate the ki vaha tIna karor3a svarNa-mudrAoM kA svAmI thaa| palAzapura ke vAhara usakI miTTI ke bartana becane kI pAca mau dukAneM calatI thiiN| eka dina kisI paryaTaka ke muMha se usane sunA ki kala prAtaHkAla palAzapura meM trailokya pUjya sarvana-sarvadarzI prabhu pdhaareNge| zabdAlaputra samajhA ki usake dharmaguru gozAla shraaveNge|

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( 235 ) vaha pratIkSA meM rahA / dUsare dina vaha vIra prabhU ke samavazaraNa meM gayA aura unake darzana kiye| vIra prabhU ne usake mana kI bAta jAna lI aura kahA, "zabdAlapatra ! kala se tuma apane dharmaguru gozAla ke Agamana kI pratIkSA meM the, kyoMki jaba se kisI paryaTaka ne tumase Akara mere Agamana kI bAbata kahA taba se tuma isI bhrama meM the|" vIra-vANI meM yaha gopanIya ekAntavArtA sunakara use zraddhA huI / usane socA ki "aho | yaha to sarvajJasarvadarzI mahAprabhU arhanta vIra vartamAna hai|" aura usane pana. unako namaskAra kiyaa| pazcAt vIra dezanA me usane 'niyativAda' kI nissAratA sunii| use vizvAsa hogayA ki sarvathA ekAnta prArabdha ko hI saba kucha mAnanA galata hai / usane prArabdha aura puruSArtha kA vAstavika svarUpa samajhA thA / jo kucha usane sunA, usakA bhAva yahI thA ki "jJAna aura ajJAna kA bheda na cInanA mithyA hai| loka me pratyakSa buddhipUrvaka kArya karane kA vyavasAya calatA hai| taba yaha kaise ThIka ho sakatA hai ki loka me jo honA niyata hai vaha hokara rahegA--jJAnI ho, cAhe ajJAnI, niyata sasAra paribhramaNa ke pazcAt hI donoM kI mukti hogI ? isaliye puruSArtha ko anAvazyaka samajha kara jJAna aura puNya upArjana me zithila honA ucita nahIM hai| prArabdha ke-bhAgya ke bharose baiThanA devakAntavAda hai, vaha mithyAtva hai| saMsAra ke sabhI kArya deva para nirbhara nahIM haiM / nissandeha prAkRtika dRzyapatra-puSpoM kI manohara racanA, himazaila kI sapheda cAdara or3hanA aura indra dhanuSa kA raMga viraMgA par3anA manuSya kRta nahIM hai, parantu unameM bhI puruparUpa AtmA kI apUrva adRzya zakti kAma kara rahI hai| pUrva sacita ekendriya vanasati-pRthvI Adi kAya nAma karmoM kA badha jina jIvoM ne kiyA hai, ve patrapupya rupa vanaspati, himakAyika aura jalakAyika jIva banakara prakRti kI aparva

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( 236 ) zobhA sirajate haiN| unake vaha saMcita karma, jise prArabdha kaho cAhe daiva yA bhAgya unhIM ke puruSArtha kA pariNAma hai| ataeva bhAgya bharose baiThe rahanA ucita nahIM hai| vinA puruSArtha ke manuSya bhojana meM bhI pravRtta nahIM ho sakatA / sarvathA devakAnta athavA puruSArthaikAntavAda upAdeya nahIM hai| vastu kA ThIka svarUpa anekAntavAda se siddha hotA hai| yadi deva se yA pUrva meM vAMdhe huye pApa-puNya-karma-rupI bhAgya se hI kArya kI siddhi ho jAyA kare-prANI ko dukha-sukha ho jAyA kareuse jJAnAdi kI prApti ho jAyA kare, to deva ke liye puruSArtha kI AvazyakatA hI kyA rahe ? phira to yaha bAta hI siddha na ho ki mana, vacana, kAyakI zubha yA azubha kriyA se pApa yA puNya karma yA deva banatA hai| yadi deva devase hI bana jAyA kare to deva kI saMtAna sadA calane se koI bhI prANI kabhI pApa-puNyarUpI karma-bandhana athavA deva-pAza se chUTakara mukta nahIM ho sake ! isa avasthA meM usake dAna, zIla, napa, tapa, dhyAna Adi sarva dharma palpArtha niSphala ho jAveM ! kintu isake sAtha hI yadi sarvathA puruSArtha se hI pratyeka kArya kI siddhi mAnI jAve to puNyarUpI deva ke nimitta se puruSArtha saphala huA yA pApa ke phala se asaphala huA, yaha bAta nahIM kahI jA saktI, kyoMki loka meM pratyakSa dekhA jAtA hai ki ekasA kAma karane vAle koI saphla hote haiM aura koI saphala nahIM hote haiM ! jarA soco zahAlaputra / yadi sarvathA puspArya se kAryasiddhi ho jAyA kare to sarva prANiyoM ke bhItara punpArtha avazyameva saphala ho jAvepApI jIvamI sunvI hI rahe, kabhI koI vighna bAdhAyeM hI kahIM na hoveM-savakA hI manoratha siddha ho jAyA kre| kintu loka sa anubhava aisA nahIM hai / atuNya prArabdha aura puspArya - donoM hI jIvana vyavahAra ke lie Avazyaka haiN| prArabdha zrahagya hai-puru

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( 237 ) pArtha dRzya hai - pragaTa hai / prArabdha nAzavAn hai- puruSArtha zAzvata hai / prArabdha para padArtha hai - nirjIva acetana hai; puruSArtha apanI cIz2a hai - AtmA kA bhAva hai - sacetana hai / isaliye vivekakA Azraya lekara anekAnta siddhAnta se hI vastusvarUpa kA nirNaya karanA zreyaskara hai / niyativAda athavA ajJAnavAda ke bhrama meM nahIM par3anA cAhiye | yaha ThIka hai, saMsArI jIvoM ko yaha utsukatA rahatI hai ki unakA kauna sA kArya puruSArtha kI apekSA rakhatA hai aura kauna sA prArabdha para nirbhara hai| yaha bAta jAnanA kaThina nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa vAta kA buddhipUrvaka vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA ho, to bhI usame sukha-dukha aura vighna-bAdhAyeM svayameva A jAve, to usa kArya meM mukhyatA daiva kI yA pUrva meM bAMdhe huye apane hI puNya-pApakarmarUpI phala kI pradhAnatA samajhanA cAhiye / isake viparIta jo kAma buddhi se vicAra pUrvaka kiyA jAve aura usameM jo iSTa yA aniSTa prasaMga upasthita ho, use apane hI puruSArtha kI mukhyatA kA pariNAma samajhanA ucita hai / yadyapi usa kArya me bhI gauNarUpa se iSTalAbha prasaga me puNyakarma kA niSTasaMyoga me pApakarma kA saMsarga adRzya kAryakArI | donoM ko paraspara apekSA se lenA zreyaskara hai, kyoMki karma kA bhAvI udaya kyA hogA ? yaha chadamastha prANI nahIM jAnatA / ataeva prANI ko to apanA pauruSa na chipAkara viveka pUrvaka - vicAra sahita pratyeka kArya karanA ucita hai / " zabdAla putra ko jJAnaprakAza milA / vaha prasanna huA, parantu eka bAta usakI samajha meM na aaii| usane pUchA ki karma manuSya kI mana-vacana kAyA kI kriyA ko kahate haiM / phira karma aura daiva eka kaise ? kintu vIravANI meM usakI yaha zaMkA bhI nirmUla hogaI ! usane jo sunA usase vaha samajhA ki "jainadharma meM 'karma' zabda vizeSArtha me prayukta huA hai - vaha jaina siddhAnta kA pAribhASika zabda hai /

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mnem ( 238 ) 'karma' se bhAva kevala mana-vacana-kAya kI kriyA hI nahIM samajhanA ucita hai| jaina siddhAMtAnusAra karma sUkSma pudgala hai jo mana-vacanakAya kI avirati, pramAda aura kapAya yukta kriyA se AkRSTa hokara AtmA ke sAtha kAla vizeSa ke liye sambandhita ho jAtA hai / yahI usakA deva yA bhAgya hai / sasArI jIva zubha athavA azubha rUpa pravRtti karatA hai aura usI ke anusAra usake zubha athavA azubha karmabandha hotA hai / yaha usakI svayaM apanI pravRtti hai - isameM koI IzvarIya prabandha yA kisI aSTa zakti kA hAtha nahIM hai / nAdi kAla se pratyeka jIva ke sAtha yaha sUkSma zarIra lagA huA hai, jo kArmANa kahalAtA hai / jaba taka manuSya apanI zuddha pravRtti dvArA mukta nahIM hotA, taba taka yaha usake sAtha rahatA hai - bilkula judA nahIM hotA / sthUla zarIra mRtyu samaya chuTa jAtA hai, parantu yaha sUkSma kArmANa zerIra saMsArI jIva ke sAtha janma-janmAntaroM meM jAtA rahatA hai / yaha kArmANa zarIra hI vaha adRzya zakti hai jo prANiyoM ko sukha-dukha dene meM kAraNa hai / yahI prANI kA bhAgya hai / prANI apane puruSArtha se ise banAtA hai / loka meM sUkSma karma vargaraNAyeM bharI paDI haiM, jinase yaha kArmANa zarIra banatA hai / jIva apanI yogazakti dvArA unako khIMca letA hai, jaise garma lohA pAnI ko khIMca letA hai / vijalI kI zakti se duniyA~ me apUrva kArya hote haiM / karmavargaNAoM kI zakti vijalI kI zakti se asakhyAta guNI adhika hai / ata usake dvArA sasAra pravAha kI adbhuta pravRtti honA asaMgata nahIM ho sakatI ! inakA nirmAtA svaya purUparUpa jIvAtmA haiM / isaliye sarvathA sacita karmarUpI daiva para nirbhara rahanA buddhimattA nahIM hai / puruSArthI bananA hI zreyaskara hai / zavdAla putra ! yadi koI vyakti karma siddhAnta kA adhyayana karatA hai to vaha bhAgya aura puruSArtha rahasya ko samajha kara apanA aura parAyA kalyANa karatA hai / ke

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( 236 ) aba tuma samajhe ki saMcita karma athavA puruSArtha kA pariNAma hI " bhAgya athavA prArabdha zabdAla putra ne namaskAra kiyA aura kahA, "upAdhyAya mahArAja ke nikaTa se maiM karma siddhAnta kA rahasya samajha sakuM, yaha AzIrvAda dIjiye, prabho !" aura usane zrAvaka ke vrata gRhaNa kiye / maGkhali gozAla ne use bahuterA bahakAyA, parantu vaha apane zraddhAna me dRr3ha rahA 1883 * zabdAlaputra ne pratyakSa dekhA thA ki bha0 mahAvIra ne eka rAjaputra ke vaibhava ko tyAga kara aura vAhya sambandhoM se nAtA tor3a kara jIvanmukta paramAtmA kA pada prApta kiyA thA / unakA zuddha puruSArtha ThIka phalita huA / phira vaha apane puruSArtha para kyoM na vizvAsa karate ? karma siddhAnta kA mahatva samajhane ke liye sva0 pra0 zItaja* prasAda jI kRta " jainadharma meM deva aura puruSArtha" nAmaka prabhya padanA hiye !

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vIra zramaNa jIvaMdhara kI siddhi| "sthitaM piNDimamyAdhI jIvaMdhara munIzvaraM / dhyAnAruda vilokyetadrUpAdipu vipaktadhIH // 18 // murAdimalayodyAnAyAnaM vIra jinezituH / zrutvA vibhUtimadgatyA saMpUjyaM paramezvaraM / / " -hani uttarapurANa / eka dina samrATa aMgiNaka vimbamAra bha. mahAvIra kI vandanA pharane vipulAyala gaye / samAgaraNa ke bAhara unhoMne eka pigiTa vRkSa kI sAyA meM baiThe huye eka pratibhAsaMpanna munirAja ke darzana kiye / unako kautuka dayA ki vaha kauna haiM / nimmandezamA mahAvIra ke upadaMza ko gahagA karake baDe 2 gajA-mahArAjA bhI unakI garaNa meM zrAphara AkiJcanya mahAvA-dhArI bane the / aMgika ke pUchane para gaNa ghara mahArAja ne unako banAyA ki mone kI gyAnoM ke liye pramiDha mAMgada nAmaka daMga hai, jisakI rAjadhAnI rAjArI hai / satyaMdhara nAmakA rAjA vahA~ rAjya karatA thaa| usakI zIlavAna vijayArAnI thii| gajA rAnI meM zrAgana thaa| usane rAjapATa kA bhAra kASTAgAra nAmaka rAjakarmacArI ke Upara chor3a rakyA thA / devAta rAnI garmavatI huI aura una dumyAna hone lage, jinakA phala vicAra kara rAjA ne aniSTa kI sambhAvanA kii| umane vaza rakSA ke vicAra se mayarAkAra eka yaMtra banAyA, jA kala vamAne meM zrAkAza meM ur3a sakatA thaa| rAnA usa yantra meM vijayA rAnI ko baiThA 2 kara zrAkAza meM ur3ane kA abhyAsa

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( 241 ) karAne lagA, jisase ki rAnI ApattikAla meM apanI rakSA kara ske| rAjA kI AzaMkA vyartha na thii| duSTa kASTAMgAra ne pragaTa vidroha kiyaa| satyaMdhara ne usa saMkaTAkula kAla me rAnI ko mayUra yaMtra me viThA kara ur3A diyA aura svayaM kASTAMgAra kI senA se yuddha karatA huA vIragati ko prApta huaa| vaha yaMtra rAjapura ke bAhara smazAna bhUmi me jA phuNcaa| rAjan ! usa samaya vahIM vijayA rAnI ne eka parAkramI patra prasava kiyA / pUrva saMcita azubhodaya thor3A sA bhI dukhadAyI hotA hai| yadyapi vaha putra puNya kA adhikArI thA, parantu janmate samaya usake kiJcit asAtA kA prasaMga udaya meM thaa| manuSya jo botA hai, usakA phala use bhugatanA hI par3atA hai| yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki adhika zasodaya usako niSphala banA de| vijayA rAnI ke usa putra ke viSaya me yahI ghaTita huA-usakA zubhodaya bhI usake pIche 2 calA A rahA thaa| rAnI ne usakA nAma jIvadhara rakkhA aura seTha gandhotkaTa ne usakA pAlana poSaNa kiyaa| vahI jIvaMdhara vaha munirAja haiM, zreNika jinake tuma darzana kara Ae ho| bAlyAvasthA me Aryanandi nAmaka jainAcArya ke nikaTa unhoMne zastra-zAstra kI zikSA-dIkSA pAI thii| jaina gurU kI dayAmayI zikSA pAkara vaha eka sacce vIra bane the| dukhitadalita logoM kI sevA karane meM unhe rasa AtA thaa| gvAloM kI gauoM ko bhIloM se vaha chur3Ate the / kASTAMgAra ko kara dRSTi se bacane ke lie vaha rAjapura se cale gaye the| mArga meM unhoM ne hAthiyoM ke eka jhaNDa ko dAvAnala me jalane se bacAyA-caMdrAbhA nagara kI rAjakumArI ko sarpadaMza se nirviSa karake prANadAna diyA aura tApasoM ke Azrama meM pahu~ca kara unhe sacce dharma kA addhAnI bnaayaa| unakI dayAdRSTi raMka aura rAva para eka samAna thii| ghamate ghAmate jaba vaha kSamapurI ke bAhara jA rahe the taba unheM apane

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! ( 242 ) 1 vastrAbhUSaNa kisI pAtra ko dene kI icchA huI / eka zUdra unheM milA use unhoMne dharma kA svarUpa samajhAyA - vaha pratibuddha huA / jIvaMdhara ne use gRhastha dharma dhAraNa karAyA aura use apane vastrAbhUSaNa de DAle / jIva kA yaha sudhAra sabase baDA upakAra hai / jIvadhara manuSya hI kyA pazuoM kA bhI hita sAdhate the / loga galI me par3e hue dukhI-daridrI kuttoM ko dekhakara unheM duradurAte haiM aura kaSTa dete haiM, parantu mAnavatA kA pujArI unameM 'deva' ke darzana karatA hai / rAjakumAra jIvaMvara apane mAnavadharma ko jAnate the / mArga meM unheM eka mRta prAya' kuttA milA / jIvaMdhara ne usakI suzrapA kI aura jaba dekhA ki vaha mara rahA hai to use ' NamokAra mahAmatra' sunAyA / kuttA samabhAvoM se marA aura yakSa jAti kA deva huA / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jIvana vijJAna ke sAtha hI mRtyu kA jJAna bhI legoM ko karAyA thaa| logoM ko marane se bhayabhIta nahIM honA cAhiye / colA badalanA vaisA hI hai, jaisA ki jIrNa-zIrNa vastra ko utAra pheMkanA / ataeva jaba anta samaya nikaTa Aye to vidhipUrvaka samAdhi dhAraNa karake samatA bhAva se prANavisarjana karanA ucita hai / samAdhi- sthita mumuvIra mamatA-moha ko jItatA hai aura sabase kSamA cAhatA hai evaM sabako kSamA karatA hai / jIvaMdhara kumAra isa satya ko jAnate the / unakA jainI jIvana thA / isIlie unhoM ne nirIha pazu kA anta samaya sudhAra diyA - usakI AtmA kA utthAna ho gayA / zreNika ! jIvaMdhara kumAra mahAn parAkramI aura vIra puruSa the / aneka rAjAoM se unakA sambandha huA - vaha zakti sampanna hue - kAAgAra kI duSTatA unheM jJAta huI / jIvadhara ne use daNDita kiyA aura svayaM rAjyAdhikArI huye / nyAyapUrvaka unhoMne zAsana kiyA / para rAjakAja karate hue bhI vaha dharmatatva ko bhUle nhiiN| eka munirAja ke nikaTa unhoM ne zrAvaka ke

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( 243 ) vrata lie| ekadA vaha basanta Rtu ke samaya jala krIr3A kara rahe the| unhoMne dekhA, bandaroM ke do jhaMDa Apasa me lar3akara lahUluhAna ho rahe haiN| unhoMne vyakti ke svArtha kI nRzaMsatA anubhava kI-saMsAra kI kuTila rIti-nIti se vaha ghabar3Aye / usI samaya unhoMne sunA ki bhagavAna mahAvIra rAjapura ke bAhara suramalaya udyAna meM avatare haiN| samrATa jIvadhara unakI zaraNa meM pahuMce aura digambara muni ho gaye / vaha karmavIra the- raNAMgaNa meM aneka subhaTa zatruoM ke chakke unhoMne chur3Aye the, vahI aba kamavairiyoM se morcA lekara unhe niSprabha kara rahe hai / vaha mahAn zrutajJAnI haiM aura bha0 mahAvIra ke sAtha hI sAtha isI vipulAcala pavata se mokSadhAma ko prApta karane vAle hai|" zreNika una munirAja kA aisA mAhAtmya sunakara prasanna hue aura lauTate me unhoMne unakI abhivandanA kI - satsaMgati kA lAbha lene ke liye vaha unake nikaTa virama rhe| zra tajJAnI jIvadhara munirAja se unhoMne vAra-pravacana kA mahatva aura jaina gaNita-zAstra kI vizeSatA jaanii| jaina vAGamaya gyAraha aGga-granthoM aura caudaha pUrvo me vibhakta hai| usake cAra anuyogaH (1) dravyAnuyoga, (2) caraNAnayAga, (3) karaNAnuyoga aura (4) prathamAnuyoga loka ke satra hI viSayoM kA pratipAdana karate haiN| dravyAnuyoga meM darzanazAstra aura tatva jJAna kI vivecanA hotI hai| caraNAnuyoga muniyoM aura grahasthoM ke dharma-niyamoM kA pratipAdana karate hai, jiname zauca vijJAna, pAkazAstra aura vanaspati vijJAna Adi viSayoM kA sUkSma varNana garbhita hotA hai| karaNAnuyoga ke graMtha loka vijJAna tathA gaNita zAstra kA vivecana karate haiN| aura prathamAnuyoga purANa, kathA vArtA aura itihAsa se otaprota hote haiN| uname karma sidvAnta kA kriyAtmaka rUpa jhalakatA hai --vivekI unakA 'adhyayana karake karma vaicitrya kA anubhava karate haiN| loka ke pratyeka

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I ( 244 ) viSaya para sarvajJa tIrthakara mahAvIra ne vaijJAnika prakAza DAlA thA - dvAdazAGga vANI meM gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama ne use graMthavaddha karake surakSita vanA diyA thA / kSayopazama vizeSa ke adhikArI munivaroM kI tIkSNa smRti me vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt lagabhaga sAta sau varSa taka surakSita rahA / una zrutadharoM dvArA loka kA mahatI kalyANa huA parantu uparAnta vaise medhAvI muni puMgavoM kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa vaha mahAvIra vANI lupta ho gii| jo surakSita aMza zepa rahA vaha prathama zatAbdi ke madhya girinagara me lipivaddha kara liyA gayA / jIvadhara munirAT ne usa zruta ko apanI pravINa buddhi meM pUrNata dhAraNa kiyA thA / zreNika ne unase jaina gaNita kA vistAra sunakara apane ko dhanya mAnA / dvAdazAGga rUpa jinendra mahAvIra kI vANI meM gaNita kA apUrva vikAsa huaa| loka ke svarUpa ko nirdhArita karane ke lie usakA pratipAdana huA / lokAkAza me jIva Adi dravyoM kA gamanAgamana hai / vaha loka usa manuSya ke AkAra kA hai ki jisakA sira na ho aura vaha donoM paira phailAye aura konhiyoM ko mor3akara kamara para hAtha rakkhe hue khar3A ho / vaha loka tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai:-(1) Urdhva, (2) madhya, (3) adho / Urdhvaloka meM jyotiSI devoM ke vimAna - cadra, sUrya, nakSatra, tArA Adi evaM svarga paTala avasthita haiM / madhyaloka me manuSyoM kA vAsa mukhyata se hai - hamArA jagata isI meM hai / adholoka hamAre jagata se nIce hai / vahA~ uttarottara prakAza kA abhAva hai / nArakI jIva adhakAra meM hI rahate haiM / isa loka aura jIvAdi dravyoM kA parimANa batalAne ke liye hI ananta, asaMkhyAta aura saMkhyAta nAmaka gaNitAGkoM kA prayoga tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne kiyA thA / yaha anubhava kI bAta hai ki purAne jamAne ke AdamiyoM aura jAnavaroM kI Ayu kAya ava se kahIM jyAdaha aura bar3I hotI thI / ve bar3I I

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( 245 ) Ayu-kAya vAle manuSya apane AvAsa Adi bhI vaDe banAte the / usa samaya ke parvata, vRkSa, nadI, nAle sabhI bar3e car3he hote the / pAThaka, pahale par3ha cuke haiM ki kAla cakra ke prabhAvAnusAra isa kSetra me kaise 2 parivartana hote haiM / bhUgarbhavidyAvizAradoM ne apane anveSaNo dvArA isa mAnyatA ko spaSTa kara diyA hai ki purAtana kAla ke manuSyAdi jIva Ayu kAya me abase kahIM jyAdA bar3e aura lambe hote the / 1 astu bha0 mahAvIra ne isa viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke liye hI sarvotkRSTa gaNita zAstra kA upadeza diyA thA / zreNika ne use isa prakAra samajhA thA / ananta saMkhyA sarvotkRSTa hai aura usakA prayoga gyAraha prakAra se nimnaprakAra hotA hai: - (1) nAma - ananta - nAma mAtra kA ananta / yadyapi vastu ananta na ho parantu usakI vizAlatA ko batalAne ke lie bola cAla meM use 'ananta' kahanA 'nAmAnanta' hai / 1 bhUgarbhazAstra kI gaveSaNAoM se prAcIna kAla ke bar3e 2 zarIra vAle jantuoM kA astitva siddha huA hai / ukta khojoM se pacAsa 2 sATha 2'phuTa lambe prANiyoM ke pASANAvazeSa (Possils) pAye gae haiM / itane lambe kucha asthipaJjara bhI mile haiN| ve jitane adhika dIrghakAya ke asthi paMjara va pASANake zeSa hote haiM; utane hI adhika prAcIna anumAna kiye jAte haiM / isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki pUrvakAla meM prANI dIrghakAya huA karate the / udhara prANIzAstra kA yaha niyama hai ki jisa jIva kA jitanA bhArI zArIrika parimANa hogA utanI hI dIrgha usakI zrAyu hogii| pratyakSa meM bhI hama dekhate haiM ki sUkSma jIvoM kI zrAya bahuta alpakAla hotI hai / hAthI saba jIvoM meM bar3A hai, isase ho usakI zrAya saba jIvoM se bar3I hai /

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5 ( 246 ) (2) sthApanA - ananta -- anya meM sthApita (Attributed) kiyA huA ananta | yaha bhI vastuta. ananta nahIM hai, parantu isakA prayoga kisI dUsare padArtha se anantatatva ko sthApita karake kiyA jAtA hai / jaise pAsA yA kaur3I ko ananta kahanA | -- (3) dravyAnanta - aprayogita jJAna sambandhI ananta / isa ananta kA prayoga una vyaktiyoM ke prati hotA hai jinhe ananta kA jJAna hai, parantu vaha vartamAna samaya meM usakA prayoga nahIM karate haiM / (4) gaNanAnanta - gaNitazAstra meM prayojita ananta / (5) pradezika ananta anantasUkSma (Dimension Pess) eka paramANu ko pradezikAnanta kahate haiM / - (6) ekAnanta - eka pArzvavartI ananta / jaise eka sIbI rekhA ke eka chora kI ora dekhane se vaha ananta dIse / (7) ubhayAnanta - do pArzvavartI ananta / jaise eka mIvI rekhA jisake donoM chora ananta haiN| | (8) vistArAnanta - vistAra kI apekSA se ananta kSetra ko vyakta karane ke lie ananta kA prayoga karanA / (6) sarvAnanta-kSetrajanya anantatva (Spatial infinity) (10) bhAvAnanta -- anubhavajanya kevalajJAna (matratA ) meM prayojita ananta / sarvajJa sarvadarzI tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA jJAna 'bhAvAnanta' thA / - (11) zAsvatAnanta - zranAdinidhana, jo dharmAdiyoM me rahatA hai|

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( 247 ) uparyukta prakAra eka se adhika rUpa me antarahita saMkhyA ke jJApaka 'ananta' pada kA prayoga ho sakanA sambhava hai / sAdhAraNataH ananta pada kA prayoga 'gaNanAnanta' rUpa me prAyaH hotA hai, jo gaNanA ke lie paryApta aura sugama hai| isake tIna bheda kiye gaye haiM : (1) parItAnanta, (2) yuktAnanta, (3) anantAnanta aura yaha tInoM hI jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa hote hai / jaghanya asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAta saMkhyA ko tIna bAra vargita saMvargita karane se jo rAzi utpanna hotI hai usameM dharmadravya, adharmadravya, eka jIva aura lokAkAza, inake pradeza tathA pratiSThita vanaspati ke pramANa ko milAkara utpanna huI rAzi ko puna. tIna vAra vargita saMvargita karanA cAhiye / isa prakAra prApta huI rAzi me kalpakAla ke samaya, sthiti aura anubhAgabaMdhAdhyavasAya sthAnoM kA prayoga tathA yoga ke utkRSTa avibhAga praticcheda milA kara use punaH tIna vAra vargita saMvargita karane se jo rAzi utpanna hogI vaha jaghanya parItAnanta kahalAtI hai / isako vargita saMvargita karane se jaghanya yuktAnanta hotA hai aura jaghanya yuktAnanta kA varga jaghanya anantAnanta hai / utkRSTa anantAnanta kevala jJAna: mANa hai / asaMkhyAta abhI tIna prakAra kA hotA hai : parIta, yukta aura sakhyAta / ina tInoM me se bhI pratyeka punaH jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa bheda rUpa hai / jaghanya - parIta- asaMkhyAta kA pramANa anavasthA, zalAkA, pratizalAkA aura mahAzalAkA nAmaka cAra kuNDoM ko dvIpa samudro kI gaNanAnusAra sarasoM se bhara-bhara kara nikAlane ke prakAravat hai / jaghanya yuktAsakhyAta se eka kama utkRSTa parItAsaMkhyAta kA pramANa hai| ina donoM ke bIca ke 'madhyama' haiN| saMkhyAta ke kevala tIna bheda haiM : jaghanya, '

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(248 ) madhyama, utkRSTa / gaNanA kA Adi eka mAnya hai, parantu vaha 'eka' kevala vastu kI sattA ko sthApita karatA hai-usase vastu ke bheda prakaTa nahIM hote| vastu ke bheda kI sUcanA do se prArambha hotI hai| isalie vastuta do ko 'savyAta' kA Adi mAnanA upayakta hai| yaha 'do hI jaghanya saMkhyAta hai| jaghanya-parItaasaMkhyAta se eka kama 'utkRSTa sakhyAta' hotA hai| inakI madhyavasI sakhyAyeM 'madhyama saMkhyAta' haiN| saMkhyAta aGka gaNanA hI laukika hai-manuSya ise apane vyavahAra meM lAtA hai-yaha zruta jJAna kA viSaya hai| asakhyAta aura ananta aGka gaNanA lokottara gaNita hai| alpaja manuSya ko usakA pratyakSa anubhava nahIM hotaa| vaha avadhijJAna kA pratyakSa viSaya hai| vizeSa jJAnI RSivara hI usakA anubhava pAte haiN| ananta kI gaNanA kevalajJAna (Omniscience) kA pratyakSa viSaya hai| saMkhyAta aMkagaNanA 24 aMka pramANa nimna prakAra hai (1) eka, (2) daza, (3) zataka, (4) sahasra, (5) dazasahasra, (6) lakSa, (7) dazalakSa, (8) koTi, (6) dazakoTi, (10) zatakoTi, (11) arbuda, (12) nyarbuda (13) kharva, (14 mahAkharva, (15) padma, (16) mahApadma, (17) zreNI, (18) mahAzreNI, (16) zaMkha, (20) mahAzaMkha, (21) kSitya (22) mahAnitya, (23) kSoma, (24) mhaaNkssom| __ parantu saMkhyAta gaNanA kA anta 24 aMkoM meM hI nahIM samajha lenA cAhie / utkRSTa sakhyAta isase bahuta bar3I cIja hai| yaha utsaMkhyaka gaNanA 150 aMka valki usale bhI adhika aMka pramANa hai| isa gaNanA ke anusAra Aja prathama tIrthakara zrI RSabhadeva ke nirvANa kI ginatI sugamatA se kI jA sakatI hai| Apa use yaM samajhiye.

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( 246 ) arthAt 413452630308203177746512161666666666hahaha6666666666666666666666666666666660465 4 padma, 13 niyala, 45 kharva, 26 arbuda, 30 koTi, 30 lakSa, 82 sahasra aura 031 mahAmahAzaMkha, 779 parAddha, 46 padma, 51 niyala, 21 kharva, 61 avurda, 66 koTi, 66 lakSa 66 sahasra aura hahaha mahAzaMkha, 666 parArddha, 66 padma, 66 niyala, 66 kharva, 66 atruda, 66 koTi, 66 sahasra aura 666 zaMkha, 666 parAddha, 66 padma 66 niyala, 66 kharva, 66 arbuda, 66 koTi 60 sahasra aura 465 / sArAMza yaha hai ki saMkhyAta aGkagaNanA loka vyavahAra ko calAne ke liye jaina vADmaya meM apUrva aura paripUrNa hai / zrutajJAnI muni jIvandhara ne usakA mahatva karaNAnuyoga ke zAstroM kA adhyayana karake prApta kiyA thA aura zreNika unake mukha se usakA vistAra sunakara prasanna hue / tIrthakara mahAvIra praNIta gaNita vidyA yadyapi Aja saMpUrNa aprApta hai, parantu jo bhI prApta hai vaha apUrva hai aura unake nikhila vizva-jJAna kI dyotaka hai /

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rAjarSi udayana kI vaiyAvRtti / 'savvannU soma-dasaNa apuNabhava bhaviyajaNa-maNANanda / jaya cintAmaNi jayaguru jaya jaya jiNa vIra akalaMka / / ' jaya! jaya ! aklaMka-vIra, jina-mahAvIra ko naya! rAnI prabhAvatI jaba isa prakAra jayaghoSa karatI huI zrI mahAvIra caityadhAma meM praviSTa huI tabhI unhe saMtoSa hunaa| vaha rAnA ceTaka kI putrI aura bha0 mahAvIra kI mausI thiiN| sindhu-sauvIra ke samrAT uDyana kI vaha paTTarAnI thiiN| vaha sannATa kaI-sau janapadoM ke avinAyaka the-kaI sau mukuTavaddha rAjA unakI sevA karate the| unakA mahAn pratApa thA / vItabhaya nagara unakI rAjadhAnI thI, jise rokanagara bhI kahate the| itane bar3e samrATa the vaha, parantu bahuta hI sarala-svabhAvI aura nirabhimAnI ! "prabhutA pAya kAhi mada nAhI" kI ukti ko unhoMne mithyA pramANita kara diyA thaa| unake rAjya meM nara-nArI hI kyA pazu taka nirbhaya vicarate the| unakA rAjanagara isIliye vItabhaca ke nAma se prasiddha thA, kyoMki vahaoN niraMtara abhayAna dene ke liye samrATa udayana vidyamAna the| "tevaM kAleNaM teNaM samaevaM sindhu-sovIresu vaNavaesudhIyamae nAma nagare hotyA, udAyare nAma rAyA, panAvaI devI ! * se e udArarerAvA sindhu sovIra-pAmottAeM solasaeI maNavapANaM voyamaya pAmorakhANaM tieha devahAraM mayara sapANaM mahaseNa-pAmoklAyaM dasaraha rApAeM vara maThaDANaM viiraNa seya cAmara-vAyavIyaNAraM manasi e rAIsara-tajavara-pAnaI bhAivaccha phupamANo vihrh|" -prAkRta rupA sgrh|

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( 251 ) samrATa udayana aura samrAjJI prabhAvatI kA bha0 mahAvIra se janmajAta sneha thaa| usapara bhagavAn the loka vibhUti / ataH vaha rAjadampati var3A lAlAyita thA ki kaba bhagavAna mahAvIra kA padArpaNa vItabhaya nagara meM ho| ve donoM unake ananya bhakta the| bhakta hI nahIM vIra-zAsana ke apUrva prabhAvaka the| rAnI prabhAvatI kI dharmaniSThA ne hI rAjA udayana ko dharma kA rasika banAyA thaa| rAnI ke Agraha se udayana ne eka nayanAbhirAma caityAlaya nirmANa karAkara usameM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI suvarNa-pratimA virAjamAna kI thii| eka dina udayana ne kahA, "calo priye ! gIta-saMgIta kA rasa leve|" rAnI anamanI-sI rhii| bhAvuka udayana ke dila ko Thesa aaii| rAnI ne kahA, "maiM bhalA kyoM rUgI ? para soco to Aryaputra ! yaha AdhI umra to ya hI indriyoM kI sevA karane meM vota gaI, jisakA puraskAra bar3hApA Age dRSTi par3a rahA hai| kisI gaira kI sevA karate to vaha bhI aisA kRtaghna na nikalatA! yahI soca kara dila Uba rahA haimana ucaTa rahA hai / " udayana bolA, "acchA, aba samajhA tumhArI vythaa| calo, caityAlaya me jinendra mahAvIra kI zAntichavi kI prabhA se apane mana ko zAnta karo !" rAjadampatti jinAlaya gaye aura jinendrabhakti me vaha paga gye| uparAnta unhoMne vIra-saMgha ke agraNI bhramaNa ke darzana kiye aura unase dharmatatva kA upadeza sunaa| unhoMne samajhA ki, "dharmatatva apanA aura parAyA hita sAdhane meM hai| aura sva-para-hita apanI svAbhAvika dazA ko prApta karanA hai, jo cindAnanda-paramAtma-svarUpa hai| isaliye svayaM apanA aura apane se bhinna prANiyoM kA hita Atma bodha karAne meM hai, jisase ve paramAtma-svarUpa cInane ke liye prayatnazIla hoN| yahI sabase bar3A upakAra hai| ataeva jo tuma mahAn ho to apanA aura parAyA mahAn hita

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( 252 ) sAvo / karmavIra ho, dharmavIra banakara bhI camako !' udayana ne mastaka navAyA-guru ne AzIrvAda diyA / rAnI ne pUchA,"tapodhana ! indriyoM aura zarIra kA hamane popaNa kiyA-unakA upakAra sAdhA, parantu isakA puraskAra to bar3hApA dikhAI par3a rahA hai| , yaha anIti kaisI ?" unhoMne samajhA, "nissandeha zarIra parapadArtha hai-apanA nahIM hai| usakA popaNa avazya paropakAra hai| AtmA se sarva nikaTa sambandhI zarIra hI hai| parantu yaha to sociye usake Azrita ho jAnA~-usake iGgita para bandara jaisA nAca nAcanA kyA paropakAra hai ? yaha to dAsatA hai aura dAsatA dukhadAyI hai / dAsatA ko dUrase daNDavat karanA vivekI kA kartavya hai / vivekavAn samyaktvI dayA kA AgAra aura vIrya eva zaurya kA bhaMDAra hotA hai| vaha dAsa nahIM svAdhIna rahatA hai| apanA malA karatA haiM aura loka kalyANa kI hitakAmanA meM apane ko khapA detA hai| sevA dharma kA vaha pujArI dIna-hIna, rogI-zokI, raMka-rAva, sabako samaSTi se dekhatA hai| ghaNA ko vaha jIta letA hai - tRSNA ko vaha lAta mAra kara nikAla detA hai / sajjanoM kA vaha bhakta banatA hai aura durjanoM ko sudhArane ke liye usakI prema-talavAra sadA sutI rahatI hai| pahale vaha apanA-apanI AtmA kA upakAra karatA hai-apane ko satyadharma ke raMga meM raMga letA hai| phira vaha apane zarIra ko saMvAratA hai, kyoMki vaha jAnatA hai ki harapuSTa aura svastha zarIra hI dharma sAdhane kA AdhAra hai| aba taka zarIra kI pUrNa unnati nahIM kara lI jAyagI -vajravRpabhanArAca saMhananAdi nahIM hoMge mukti nahIM ho sktii| ata. zarIra ko svaccha, svastha aura valiSTha rakhane ke lie saMyamita prAcAra vicAra aura nirAmipa zuddha bhojana evaM niyamita dainika jIvana vyavahAra rakhanA Avazyaka hai|" samrATa ne jinnAsA kI ki 'yaha kaise saMbhava hai ? uttara meM

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( 253 ) unhoMne samajhA ki, "manuSya ke liye saMsAra me koI kArya durlabha nahIM hai / lokoddhAraka bha0 mahAvIra ne jIvana vijJAna kA ThIka nirUpaNa kiyA hai / jijJAsu use samajhe aura dekhe saMyamI jIvana vitAnA kitanA sugama hai / dUrase vizAla parvata kI U~cAI alaMdhya dikhatI hai aura kAyara puruSa use dekha kara ghabar3Ate haiM; parantu vIra ghabar3AtA nahIM hai| vaha usa parvata ko lAMghane kA dRr3ha saMkalpa karatA hai aura utsAhapUrvaka usa para car3ha jAtA hai| car3hane meM usakA utsAha bar3hatA hai-use alaukika Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai| parvata zikhara para pahu~cate hI usakA Ananda asIma hotA hai-ama vaha bhala jAtA hai| ThIka yahI bAta dharma-rasika mumukSu kI hai| vaha mokSamArga me agrasara hote hI vAhya zrama aura kaThinAI ko bhala jAtA hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne saMyama dhAraNa karane ke liye prahastha avasthA se hI abhyAsa karanA Avazyaka batAyA hai| zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA nirUpaNa isIliye kiyA gayA hai ki grahastha apanI Atmonnati kA anupAta rakkhe aura usameM kramaza. unnati karatA jAve, jisase vaha ekadama ghabar3A na jaave| pahalI darzana-pratimA dhAraNa karate hI zrAvaka aSTamUla guNa dhAraNa karatA aura sAta vyasana evaM abhakSya kA tyAga karatA hai| zuddha samyagdarzana aSTa aMgoM sahita pAlatA hai| jaba vaha apane ko itanA saMyama pAlane ke yogya pAletA hai taba vaha dUsaro vrata prAMtamA nAmaka kakSA me padApaNa karatA hai| isa pratimA me aticAra rahita ahiMsAdi paMcANuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata vaha mumukSu pAlana karatA hai| vaha vratI hokara saMtoSapUrvaka jIvana yApana karatA hai| tIsarI sAmAyika pratimA meM vaha prAtaH, madhyAnha aura sAyaMkAla ko niyamita rUpa se sAmAyika karatA hai / saba jIvoM ke prati usake hRdaya me sama

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( 254 ) bhAva jAgRta hotA hai| Ata-raur3ha durdhyAna usake pAsa nahIM phaTakane paate| isa prakAra vaha niyamita abhyAsa karake samabhAvI hone kA prayatna karatA hai| cauthI propadhopavAsa pratimA hai aura isame azana evaM prAraMbha tyAga karake dhyAna aura upavAsa kiye jAte haiN| sAdhAraNa prahastha ke liye yaha sambhava nahIM hai ki vaha apanA Atmavala vikasita kiye vinA hI aura dharma ke marma se anabhinna rahate hue hI anAyAsa anazanAdi upavAsa aura tapa ko kara sake / isalie hI isa pratimA me jaba usakA Atmabala vikasita ho calatA hai taba vaha pratyeka mAsa kI aSTamI aura caturdazI ko-mahIne me kevala cAra dina hI proSadhopavAsa dhAraNa karatA hai| usa dina yadi zakti huI to vaha sarvathA AhAra jala kA tyAga karake anazanopavAsa karatA hai athavA jala letA hai| yadi sAmarthya na huI to vaha eka bAra AhAra letA hai / usa dina vaha dina rAta dharmadhyAna me samaya vitAne ke lie jinendraakti, zAstra-svAdhyAya, rAtri nAgaraNa athavA ekAnta zmasAnAdibhUmi meM munivat AcaraNa karake dhyAna mAr3hatA hai| aba vaha apane meM tyAgabhAva kI mAtrA bar3hAtA hai-jivhAlampaTatA ko jItane ke lie kramaza. khAnapAnAdi meM saMyama aura pratyAkhyAna ko pAlatA hai| isIlie pAcavIM sacitta tyAga pratimA meM vaha sava hI sacitta padArthoM jaise hare patra-pravAla-kaMda-phala-bIja aura aprAsuka jala kA bhI tyAga karatA hai| chaThI pratimA 'rAtribhakta:tyAga' meM vaha rAta me sarva prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAgI hotA hai aura dina me maithana tyAga kA abhyAsa karatA hai| abhI taka usa mumukSu gRhastha ke sparzana indriya-bhoga ( Sex appetite ) para koI prativandha nahIM thA, kintu isa pratimA meM paira rakhate hI vaha zrAdhA brahmacArI ho jAtA hai-apanI strI se vaha dina meM saMbhoga

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( 255 ) nahIM karatA / sAtavIM brahmacarya pratimA dhAraNa karate hI vaha maithuna mAtra kA tyAga karake manasA-vAcA karmaNA brahmacArI ho jAtA hai / vaha kAma kathA se bhI virakta rahatA hai| sarvathA brahma me lIna rahane kA abhyAsa karatA hai| parantu abhI usane moha-mamatA para lagAma nahIM lagAI hai| isIliye vaha sAMsArika kAma dhaMdhe se vilaga nahIM hotA-Arambha kA tyAga nahIM karatA hai| kintu brahma meM ramane kA abhyAsI hone ke kAraNa vaha dUsare kadama para __ hI moha mamatA para lagAma lagAtA aura Arabha kA tyAgI ho jAtA hai| prAraMbha tyAga pratimA meM vaha nirArambha hokara dharma kA pAlana karatA hai| kintu isa kakSA meM vaha apane mamatAbhAva ko sarvathA nahIM jIta pAtA aura apanI sampati Adi rakhatA hI hai| parantu zIghra hI vaha usakA bhI tyAga karatA hai| parigrahatyAga pratimA meM vaha vastramAtra rakhakara saba prakAra kI vastuoM kA tyAga kara detA hai-unameM mamatA-bhAva bhI nahIM rakhatA hai| dazavIM pratimA anumati tyAga hai, jisameM vaha tyAgI zrAvaka sasAra sambandhI bAtoM me apanI sammati bhI nahIM detA hai-vaha sasAra se sarvathA udAsIna hokara sva-para-upakAra karane meM rasa letA hai / gyArahavIM uddiSTatyAga pratimA ko dhAraNa karate hI vaha auddozika bhojana aura gaha kA tyAga kara detA hai| khaMDavastra dhAraNa karake kSullaka nigrantha bana jAtA hai athavA kopIna (laMgoTI) lagAkara ailaka hotA hai| vaha muniyoM ke sAtha rahane lagatA hai aura vratAcAra kA pAlana karatA hai| isa prakAra kramazaH saMyama kA pAlana karatA huA vaha apane ko isa yogya vanA letA hai ki sAdhupada ko dhAraNa kre| sAdhu avasthA me vaha pUrNataH ahiMsAdi mahAvratoM kA pAlana karake mokSa sukha ko pAtA hai| isa krama se mumukSu apanI unnati karane meM kaThinAI nahIM anubhava

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( 256 ) karatA hai / nanna rahane kI durdhara tapattyA vaha isa krama se hI pAlana karatA hai| jaba taka vaha lajjA ko jItane kI kSamatA arthAt pUNe indriyanigrahatA nahIM prApta kara letA, taba taka vaha vastra kA savethA tyAga nahIM karatA~munivrata dhAraNa hI nahIM krtaa| vastuta. vAhya disambara kSepakA sambandha mumuna kI Abhyantara dazA se hai-jaba vaha usa dazA ko prApta kara letA hai ki jisame sote hue bhI usake kAma vikAra nahIM hotA taba vaha munivrata dhAraNa karatA hai| use dhAraNa karake mumukSu phira pIche paga nahIM bar3hAtA | bilkula prakRti jaisA prakRti kA vaha ho rahatA hai / samatArasa meM bhIgA huA vaha jIvamAtra kA hita sAvatA hai| yaha hai muni kA AsadhArA-vrata ! samrAT / zakti ko na chipAkara manuSya ko samyakravAH ritra dhAraNa karanA ucita hai|" samrATa udayana aura samrAjA prabhAvatI ne una tapodhana ko namankAra kiyA aura unase unhAna gRhatya ke bArahavata dhAraNa kiye| udayana ava bar3ha samyaghATa bana gaye / sanyaktva ko pUrNatA pATha aMgoM ke vikAsa se spaSTa hotI hai / udayana unake pAlane meM abhyanta the| vaha pUrNa nizaGka the- jinendra mahAvIra ke vaha ananya bhakta the-bIra vacana meM uttako jarA bhI zaGkA nahIM thii| zrAkAnA ko unhoMne jIta liyA thaa| nirvicikitsA-mAtra ke liye vaha jagaprasiddha the| sa deva, sacce dharma aura sacce gA ke atirikta vaha kisI ko apane hRdaya Asana para nahIM baiThAte the| 'amUvaSTi' yahI to hotI hai| mAdharmiyoM kI kamajoriyoM ko chipAkara vaha unakI truTiyAM dUra karA kara upanahana aMga kA pAlana karate the / kadAcit koI sarma se vicalita hotA to vaha use apane dharma meM sthitikaraNa karAve the / bhavya jIvoM para unakI vatsalatA asIma dhI-sAdhamitroM se vaha gaUvatsa-vat pyAra karate the aura dharma kI prabhAvanA karane ke liye vaha sadA baddhaparikara the| unakI yaha kAmanA thI

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( 257 ) ki jinendra mahAvIra unake nagara meM padhAra kara jJAna kA prakAza phailAve, jisase dharma kI prabhAvanA ho / yo to udayana ina saba go ko pAlate the, parantu nirvicikitsA bhAva unakA apUrva thAghRNA para unhoMne vijaya pA lI thI / vaha loka ke padArthoM kA ThIka svarUpa jAnate the- zarIra kI duravasthA se vaha paricita the vaha to nirA azucitA kA piMDa hai, usase rAga aura dveSa hI kyA ? mumukSu to samabhAvI hotA hai / amita dayA kA srota usake hRdaya se bahatA hai / sevA dharma kA rasika vaha satpAtroM kI vaiyAvRti meM vizeSata. apane ko khapA detA hai vaise sAdhAraNa rUpa me vaha jIvamAtra kA upakAra karatA hai / udayana meM yaha saba bAte thIM / bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta vaha Adarza zrAvaka the / eka deva eka dukA unako parakhane AyA / vaha munivepI vana gayA / udayana aura prabhAvatI ne baDhI bhakti se use par3agAhA aura zuddha AhAra diyA | munivepI to udayana kI parIkSA karane AyA thA usane vamana kara diyA | udayana ne ghaNA nahIM kI, balki vaha pazcAtApa karane lage / Atmazodhana kI ora unakI dRSTi gaI / 'AhAra me kyA truTi huI jo sAdhu ko isa vyathA ne A gherA ?" udayana raha raha kara yahI socate / munibheSI deva to parIkSA karane para tulA huA thA / usane bar3A dugadhamaya vamana kiyA - svayaM udayana ke Upara hI vamana kara diyaa| usa durgaMdhi me manuSya kA TikanA dUbhara thA, parantu rAjA-rAnI nirnimeSa bhAva se usa deva ko saccA muni samajhe huye sevA karane me tatpara the / unhoMne jala se munirAja kA zarIra dhoyA / deva bhI udayana kI dharmaparAyaNatA dekhakara daMga raha gayA | usane apanA deva kA svarUpa pragaTa kiyA / unake sevA bhAva kI usane khUba hI prazaMsA kI / glAni ko jItane meM udayana prasiddha ho gaye / logoM ne socA, dInadukhI-rogI- zokI jIva kaisI bhI duravasthA me kyoM na hoM unase ghRNA nahIM karanA cAhiye - zakti -

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( 258 ) ke anusAra unake dukhoM ko miTAnA cAhiye aura pUjya sAdhu mahAnubhAvoM kI to vinaya pUrvaka vaiyAvRtya karanA apanA saubhAgya samajhanA cAhiye / ma. mahAvIra ko zikSA isa prakAra mUrtimAn ho unake sAmane camaka rahI thI ! udayana usake eka karmaTha pujArI the| ___ eka dina udayana ne proSadhopavAsa dhAraNa kiyA thA-vaha ekAntavAsa aura dharma cintana meM nimagna the| unake pariNAma samatAbhAva aura vairAgya pariNati me uttarottara vRddhi pA rahe the| unhoMne socA, 'dhanya hogA vaha dina, java patitapAvana prabha mahAvIra isa vItabhayanagara meM padhAreMge aura dhanya hogI vaha velA jaba una zramaNottama nirgrandharAja varddhamAna jJAtRputra ke nikaTa munivrata dhAraNa karUMgA ! udayana kI yaha hArdika bhAvanA thI / hRdaya kI lagana akAratha nahIM jAtI / udayana kI puNya-bhAvanA itanI pravala thI ki bha0 mahAvIra ko usane AkarSita kara liyA / unakA samozaraNa vItabhayanagara meM AyA-udayana ne rAjasI svAgata karake prabhako namaskAra kiyA ! putrako rAjabhAra sauMpanA cAhA, paraMtu vaha pitA se bhI eka kadama Age thA-usane kahA, "mujha nahIM cAhiye yaha kAMToM se bharA rAjapaTTa! AtmasvAtaMtrya kA bhakta mujhe bhI vanane dIjiye, pitA" udayana prasanna the| apane bhAnaje kesIkumAra ko unhoMne rAjA banAyA aura svayaM bha0 mahAvIra ke nikaTa jAkara muni ho gye| rAnI prabhAvatI bhI AryikA ho gii| udayana pUrNa saMyama, tapa aura dhyAna kA Azraya lekara mukta parama AtmA ho gye| unakA Adarza bha0 mahAvIra kI zikSA kA vyavahArika rUpa spaSTa kara detI hai-yahI unakI vizepatA hai| zreNika yaha saba kucha jAnakara bahuta prasanna hue the|

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(27) maGkhali gozAla aura pUraNakAzyapa-prasaMga "siri vIraNAhaNatitthe vahussudo pAsasaMghagaNisIso / makkaDi pUraNa sAhU aNNANaM bhAsae loe // " -drshnsaar| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tIrtha me tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ke saMgha ke kisI garaNI kA ziSya maskarI pUraNa nAmaka sAdhu thaa| usane loka me ajJAna mithyAtva kA upadeza diyaa| zrI devasenAcAryajI ne uparyukta gAthA me yahI vyakta kiyA hai| unhoMne yaha bhI likhA hai ki jaba bha0 mahAvIra sarvajJa ho gaye taba maskariparaNa isa AkAMkSA se unake samavazaraNa me pahu~cA ki use gaNadhara pada prApta hove, parantu usako hatAza honA par3A / vaha ruSTa hokara zrAvastI calA gayA aura vahA~ AjIvika sampradAya kA netA bana gayAlogoM me usane apane ko tIrthava ra pragaTa kiyA / yaha prasaMga bha0 mahAvIra ke dharma pracAra se pahale kA hai| uparAnta yaha patA nahIM calatA ki dharma-vihAra meM unakA sAkSAt maskari se huA ho ! jo svayaM abhimAna aura mithyAtva kA putalA bana gayA ho, usakA yaha saubhAgya kahA~ ki vaha tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kI nikaTatA prApta kare? bhagavAna ke samavazaraNa me prAyaHbhavya jIva hI prApta hokara apanA AtmakalyANa karate haiM jinakA mithyAtva kSINa ho calA ho vaha bhI sarvajJa prabha ke satyaparaka Aloka meM A jAte haiN| bha0 mahAvIra kA vihAra to jIvamAtra ke kalyANa ke liye ho rahA thaa|

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( 260 ) zvetAmvarIya zAstra "bhagavatI mUtra" meM mavali putra gozAla kA varNana hai| usame likhA hai ki kollaga meM jaba bha0 mahAvIra chadmasthAvasthA meM vicara rahe the, taba unhoMne gozAla kI prArthanA svIkAra karake use apanA ziSya banAyA / mahAvIra aura gozAla sAtha 2 cha varSa taka paNi bhami me rhe| kintu zvetAmbarIya 'kalpasUtra' meM bha. mahAvIra paNiyabhUmi meM kevala eka varSa rahe likhe haiM / 2 udhara unake 'AcArAgasUtra' meM likhA hai ki bhagavAna chadmasthadazA meM bolate nahIM the-mauna kA abhyAsa karate the|3 ataeva yaha jI ko nahIM lagatA ki bha. mahAvIra ne gurupada prApta karane ke pahale hI majaligozAla ko apanA ziSya banA liyA ho, sacamuca 'gozAla' ko bha0 mahAvIra kA ziSyatva pAne kA saubhAgya prApta na huA 18 digambarIya zAstroM ke makaripUraNa aura zvetAmbarIya maGkhaligozAla nAma eka vyakti ke dyotaka haiM, kyoMki donoM saMpradAyoMke zAstroM meM unhe AjIvika mata ke netA likhA hai| gozAla ke siddhAnta bhI prAya donoM zAstroM meM eka-se milate haiN| digambarAcArya zrI nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne maskarike mata kI gaNanA 'ajJAnamata' meM kI hai| vahI vAta zvetAmbarIya 'sUtrakRtAGga' (2 / 1 / 345 ) meM bhI libI hai / bauddhagrantha 'sAmaJaphala sutta' me gozAlakA mata isa DhaMga kA hI nirdiSTa kiyA hai| usame likhA hai ki 'abAnI aura jJAnI.saMsAra meM bhramaNa karate huye samAna rIti se du.khakA anta karate haiM / bauddhoM ne mAlagozAla kI 1. bhagavatIsUtra 11 2. kalpasUtra 122 3. zrAsU. JS.I, pp 80-87 4. DaoN. vAruyA bhI svAdhInarUpa meM isI niSkarSa para pahuMce haiN| x gommarasAra dekho| * dIni* mA0 2 pR0 13-14

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( 261 ) gaNanA chai mukhya dharmapravartakoM me kI hai| unake anusAra maskari (saddhali ) gozAla aura pUraNa kAzyapa do bhinna vyakti the| kintu bauddhagrantha "aGga ttaranikAya" me pUraNa ko gozAla kA ziSya sA pragaTa kiyA hai aura usake cha abhijAta siddhAMta ko pUraNa kA batalAyA hai| saMbhava hai ki siddhAntoM ke sAdRzya ko pAkara donoM matapravartakoM ne uparAnta Apasa me samajhautA kara liyA ho / yahI kAraNa hai ki devasenA kArya maskari aura paraNa kA eka sAtha ullekha kara rahe hai| jo ho, bha0 mahAvIra se ina mata pravartakoM kA vizeSa samparka rahA pratIta nahIM hotA / ve donoM hI apane AjIvika sampradAya kA pracAra karane meM juTa gaye the aura kucha saphala bhI haye the| kintu jisa samaya bha. mahAvIra kA dhasaipracAra huA to AjIvika-zrAvaka vastusthiti se paricita hokara jinendra ko zaraNa me Aye / adhikAMza AjIvika jainI ho gaye aura jo baca rahe the vaha bhI kaI zatiyoM ke pazcAt di0 jaina sagha me antarhita ho gaye / mUlata. unakA nikAsa jainavarsa se huA bhI thA / AjIvika netA maskari gozAla aura pUraNa jainamuni to the hI, parantu __unhoMne apane siddhAnta bhI jainoM ke 'pUrva' nAmaka aGgagranthoM se liye the|2 AjIvika sAdhuoM kA nagnabheSa, sallekhanAvrata ke sahaza niyama Adi bAte jainiyoM ke samAna hI thiiN| unakA 'AjIvika' nAma bhI unakA mUlataH jaina hone kA dyotaka hai, kyoMki jainasAdhu ke lie 'AjIvo' nAmaka doSa arthAt kisI prakAra kI AjIvikA karane se vilaga rahane kA upadeza hai / 3 1 ani0 bhA0 3 pR0 383 2 saMjaii0, bhA0 2 khaMkha / pR. 67-71 3 'dhAdInimitta prAjIvo vnnivgedyaadi|'-muulaacaar /

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( 262 ) AjIvika bhikSu maMtra evaM jyotiSa vidyAoM ke sahAre AjIvikA bhI kara lete the, yaha bAta kaI ullekhoM se spaSTa hai / isa prakAra vaha bhraSTa jaina sAdhu pratIta hote hai / } maJjuli gozAla aura pUraNakAzyapa bha0 mahAvIra se Ayu meM adhika the aura unake sarvajJa hokara dharmapracAra karane ke pahale se - hI apane 2 matoM kA pracAra karane lage the| isa prakAra AjIvikoM ne jisa jaina sAhitya aura jainadharsa se apane siddhAnta nirmANa meM sahAyatA lI thI, ve bha0 mahAvIra se prAcIna the | jainazAstra spaSTata mali gozAla aura pUraNa ko bha0 pArzvanAtha kI ziSyaparamparA se sambandhita batalAte haiM / aisI sUrata me unapara bha0 mahAvIra ke upadeza kA prabhAva nahIM par3a sakatA, alabattA unake sAdhaka jIvana ke prayogoM kA mUka- prabhAva una para par3A ho to Azcarya nahIM | kucha loga samajhate haiM ki bha0 mahAvIra ne 'nagnatva' ( digambara bhepa ) AjIvika netA mahali gozAla ke anurUpa dhAraNa kiyA thA, parantu aise vicAraka yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki tIrthaGkara - paramparA meM digambarabheSa sarvamAnya rahA hai- ''nagnatva' ho 'linakalpa' haiM / usa para jisa samaya maligozAla sAdhaka mahAvIra ke pAsa pahu~cA thA usa samaya vaha vastra pahane huye thA aura bhagavAn ke zarIra para vaha 'devadUSya' vastra bhI nahIM thA, jisakI kalpanA zvetAmvarIya zAstroM meM kI gaI hai / 3 isa dazA meM bha0 mahAvIra gozAla kI nakala karake kaise digamvaratva dhAraNa karate ? vaha to pahale se hI digambara muni the / katipaya AjIvika siddhAntoM kA mela bha0 mahAvIra ke dharma se isIliye dikhatA hai ki mUlata ina mata pravartakoM ne prAcIna jainadharmase apane siddhAntoM 1 pro0 vArucA kRta 'zrAjIvisa' bhA0 : pR0 67-68 1 ucAsaga dasAno, hArnele saMskaraNa, pariziSTa pR0 2

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(793) ke nirUpaNa meM sahAyatA lI thii|4 ataeva yaha nahIM kahA jA / sakatA ki maMkhali gozAla kI mAnyatAoM kA prabhAva bha. mahAvIra para par3A thaa| 8 "The Digambaras appear to have been re garded as an old order of ascetics and all of these heretical teachers betray the influence of Jainism in their doctrines".-Indian Antiquary, Vol. IX page 161. "The preceding four Tirtha karo (Mankhali Goshal, Purna Kassapa & others) appear all to have adopted some or other doctrines or practices of the Jaina system, probably from the Jains themselves ................ It appears from the preceding remarks that Jain ideas and practices must have been current at the time of Mahavira and independently of him. This combined with other arguments, leads us to the opinion that the Nirgranthas (Jainas) were really in existence long before Mahavira, who was the reformer of the already existiny sect."-Prof. Hermann Jacobi, Indian Antiquary IX 162.

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(28) bha0 mahAvIra aura ma0 gautama buddha 'siri pAsaNAhatitthe sarayatIra palAsaNayarattho / pihiyAsabassa simmo mahAmudo buDhakittimuNI // 6 // timipUraNAsaNehi ahigayapavajAo paribhaTTo / rattaMvaraM dharittA paTTiyaM teNa eyaMtaM // 7 // maMsassa Nasthi jIvo jahA phale dahiya duddha-sakkarae / tamhA taM vaMchittA taM bhakto NA paavitttto||8|| majjaM Na bajaNijja davadavvaM jaha jalaM tahA edaM / idiloe ghositto paTTiyaM savva sAvajjaM // 6 // aNNo karedi kammaM aNNo taM bhujadIdi siTTataM / pari kappiUNaM NUNaM basikiccA NirayamuvavaraNo // 10 // -darzanasAra bha0 mahAvIra ke samakAlIna prasiddha puruSoM me zAkya zramaNa gautama buddha kA nAma ullekhanIya hai / jaina prasaga meM vaha isaliye aura bhI mahatva kA hai ki kahIM 2 loga gautama vaha ko bhagavAna mahAvIra se abhinna samajhate haiM aura jaina dharma ko vauddhadharma kI hI zAkhA samajhane kI galatI karate haiM / nissandeha Aja duniyA meM bauddha dharmAnuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA atyadhika hone se ma0 gautamabuddha

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( 265 ) kA nAma vizvavikhyAta hai-cIna aura jApAna jaise bar3e rAjya Aja unake bhakta hai| kintu eka samaya bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta bhI agaNita var3e 2 rAjA-mahArAjA the| una rASTroM ke dainika manuSya jIvana kI tulanA yadi paraspara kI jAve to jaina dharsa aura bauddha ghase kI mAnyatAoM kA antara spaSTa ho jaave| Aja cInI aura jApAnI baudva hote huye bhI AmipabhojI hai, parantu saMsAra me koI bhI jainI AmiSa bhojI nahIM milega --jainI pUrNa zAkAhArI hai| isI se jaina aura vauddha sato kA matabheda spaSTa ho jAtA hai| yathArthataH jaina aura vauddha do pRthaka aura svataMtra mata the| bauddhadharma kI sthApanA zAkyaputra gautama ne kI, parantu jaina dharma to usase bahuta pahale se pracalita thA / ataH donoM mata eka nahIM ho sakate-na vaha eka the aura na aba hai|| mahAvIra aura gautama yaha donoM pRthaka nAma hai| donoM kSatriya putra avazya the, parantu eka the ikSvAkvaMzI jJAtaputra aura dUsare kapilavastu ke zAkya putra! bha0 mahAvIra kA janma kuNDagrAma me huA, javaki gautama lumbanivana me janme the| gautama kI mAtA unake janmate hI svargavAsI ho gaI thIM, parantu jJAtaputra mahAvIra kI mAtA unake vairAgya taka jIvita rahIM thIM / gautama ke pitA zAkyanRpati zuddhodana the-mahAvIra ke pitA nRpa siddhArtha the| bha0 mahAvIra ne vivAha nahIM kiyA-vaha bAla brahmacArI rhe| isake viparIta gautama zAkyaputra kA yazodA nAmaka rAjakumArI ke sAtha vivAha huA, jinase unhe rAhula nAma kA putraratna prApta huA thaa| bha0 mahAvIra ke vairAgya kA kAraNa jarA aura maraNa ke bhayAnaka dRzya nahIM balki sasAra svarUpa kI yathArtha dRSTi aura loka kalyANa kI punIta bhAvanA thii| gautama jarA se jarjarita vRddha ko mRtyu ke mukha me par3atA dekhakara bhayabhIta ho jAte hai aura satya kI khoja me cupacApa rAta ko nikala jAte hai|

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mahAvIra baImAna yaha lugAMDapI nahI krte| vaha apane kartavya ko cInhane haiM aura sapa meM apane gRhatyAga karane kA nizcaya ghoSita karate hai-mAtApinA ke mohapAza ko janerita karake vaha nizA, vIra umo prakAra vanakA rAnnA lete haiM jisa prakAra eka karmaTha yodvA raNanetra ke liye prayAna karatA hai| vaha jaina muni tI niyamita mAdhanA meM nimagna ho jAte hai-bhaTakata nhiiN| nizcala mAdhanA karake satya prakAza ko pAte haiN| ma0 gautama buddha ghara se nikala kara eka nahIM aneka mAdhuzrA kA magati karate haiM-vaha jinAm vane aniyamita rUpa meM idhara sa udhara matya ko TaDhata haiN| vaha digambara muni kA kaThora jIvana bhI bitAte haiN| parantu tapazcaraNa ke kAThinya se ghabaDA jAte haiM / unako vizvAsa ho jAtA hai ki " ina kaThinAiyoM se paripUrNa asahya mArga dvArA maiM usa anUThe aura utkRSTa pUrNanAna ko, jise mAnavavaddhi samajhatI nahIM prApta nahIM kara pAU~gA | kyA yaha sambhava nahIM ki usake prApta karane kA koI anya mArga ho ? dukha burA hai| ati (Excess) dukha hai| tapa eka ati hai isaliye dukhavarddhaka hai| usake sahana karane meM koI lAbha nhiiN|" kintu gautama yaha bhala gaye ki vAstava meM prabala icchA burI hai aura niyamita jIvana kA abhAva aura bhI burA hai / gRhasthAzrama kI sAdhanA kevala vivAha kara lene meM nahIM hai, balki usakI sAdhanA to sayama evaM antaH brahmacarya pAlana karane meM antarnihita hai / kumAra mahAvIra varddhamAna ne gRhatyAzrama me sAdhanA kI thI'zrAvaka ke vAraha bratoM ko unhoMne pAlA thA / isa niyamita abhyAsa se vaha icchA-rAkSasI ko parAsta karane meM saphala hue the| zailazikhara para pahu~cane ke liye sor3hI kI & ERE, II, p. 70

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( 267 ) AvazyakatA hotI hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke abhAva me korI tapasyA dukha hI sirajatI hai| jaina jIvana me ajJAna kriyA kA niSedha hai aura zakti se adhika cAritra na pAlane ke liye bhI mumukSu sAvadhAna kara diyA gayA hai| kintu gautama ne zAyada isa ora dhyAna nahIM diyaa| vaha zarIra ke moha me phaMsa gaye aura ArAma se nayA mArga DhU~Dhane meM lge| jainagrantha 'darzanasAra' meM jina baddhakIrti muni kA ullekha hai vaha gautamabaddha kA hI dyotaka hai / usameM likhA hai ki "zrI pArzvanAtha ke tIrtha me saraya nadI ke taTavartI palAza nAmaka nagara me pihitAzrava sAdhu kA ziSya buddhikIrti muni huA, jo mahAzruta arthAt bar3AbhArI zAstrajJa thaa| murdA machaliyoM ke AhAra karane se vaha grahaNa kI huI dIkSA se bhRSTa ho gayA aura raktAmbara dhAraNa karake usane ekAnta mata kI pravRtti kii| phala, dahI, dUdha, zakkara Adi ke samAna mAsa me bhI jIva nahIM hai, ataeva usakI icchA karane aura bhakSaNa karane meM koI pApa nahIM hai| jisa prakAra jala eka dravya arthAt tarala padArtha hai, usI prakAra zarAba hai vaha tyAjya nahIM hai| isa prakAra kI ghoSaNA karake usane sasAra me sampUrNa pApakarma kI paripATI claaii| eka pApa karatA hai aura dUsarI usakA phala bhogatA hai, isataraha ke siddhAnta kI kalpanA karake aura usase logoM ko vaza me karake apane anuyAyI banAkara vaha mraa|" isa uddharaNa me devasenAcArya ne dekhI aura sunI vAte likhI haiN| unhoMne apane samaya ke bauddhazramaNoM me jaise AcAraniyama pracalita dekhe unakA ullekha isa Dhaga se kiyA ki mUlataH unakA pracAra gautamabuddha ke dvArA huA samajhA jaave| bauddhagrantha 'vinayapiTaka' 8 ke ullekhoM se isa bAta kA samarthana * mahAvagga (6 / 23 / 2) meM bhinnu ke mAMsa khAne kA ullekha

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( 268 ) hotA hai ki gautama buddha ke nikaTa mRtamAsa aura machalI nipiddha aura abhakSya nahIM the| vaise bauddha sUtra 'lakAvatAra' meM ahiMnA kA vidhAna hai, parantu vaha uparAnta kA sudhAra samajhA jAtA hai| madhyakAlIna bhArata meM tantrika prabhAva ke vazIbhUta hokara bauddha bhikSu mAMsa-madirA kI vAsanA meM baha gaye the| yahI kAraNa pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya devasena buddhakIrti dvArA mRta machalI-mAMsa aura madirA sevana kA Adeza rattAmvara dhAraNa karane vAle bauddha bhikSuoM ko diyA gayA pragaTa karate haiN| gautamabuddha ke kSaNikavAda kI ora bhI vaha izArA karate haiN| usa para, yaha to svayaM gautama buddha ne kahA hai ki vRddhatva prApta karane ke pahale apane pUrva jIvana meM unhoMne nanna rahane, sira ke bAla noMcane aura khar3e 2 ekavAra dina meM bhojana karane kI kriyAoM kA abhyAsa kiyA thaa| yaha kriyAye jaina munivaryA se apragaNya haiN| vuddha jIvana meM jo isa samaya kA varNana milatA hai, usakA sAmba devasenajI ke varNana se hai / 2 ataeva yaha nirvivAda siddha hai ki ma. gautama vRddha eka samaya di0 jaina muni bhI rahe the / vahI nahIM, unake pramukha ziSya maudgalAyana (mauDalAyana) bhI pahale zrI pArzvanAtha jI kI tIrtha paramparA ke sAdhu the / 3 yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina aura hai / (VT. p. 80) usI meM navarIkSiA maMtrI dvArA ma0 budda aura 1250 bhidhuoM ko mAMsa bhojana karAyA likhA hai| (6 / 25 / 2) page $0. 'mahAvagga (6 / 33 / / 4) meM machalI khAne kA vidhAna haiM yadi vaha bhikSu ko uddezya karake na pakaDo gaI ho|-.p. 117 ___ Discourses of Gautama Budha (Saunder's Gautama Budha page 15). 2 bhamabu0, pR0 10-12 / / 3 'sTa. zrI vIranAyastha tapasvI moDilAyana: /

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( 266 ) bauddha zAstroM ke vAkyoM meM bahuta sAdRzya milatA hai| donoM hI mata Izvara kartRtvavAda, janmataH varNagata U~ca-noca ke mada (ghamaMDa) pazu validAna aura jIva hiMsA karane kA niSedha karate hai| parantu isa sAmya ke sAtha hI donoM hI matapravartakoM kI upadeza zailI aura tatvanirUpaNa bhinna hai| gautamabuddha AtmA, loka aura paraloka ke viSaya me eka spaSTa mata nahIM dete-vaha unhe 'avyaktAni' kaha kara TAla dete hai| 1 kahIM AtmA aura paraloka kA astitva mAna lete hai aura kahIM pAnI ke phena kI taraha use kSaNabhaMgura batAte hai| yadi vaha nayavAda kA Azraya lekara yaha kathana karate to virodha na bhAsatA, kyoMki RjasUtranaya kI apekSA dravya kA nirUpaNa samayavartI hai| dravya me parivartana prati samaya hotA rahatA hai-yadi isa apekSA se dravya ko kSaNavartI kahA jAya to vejA nahIM hai| kintu gautama buddha ne isa prakAra ke nayavAda kA nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA thaa| jaba unhe bAlatapa se aruci ho gaI-jo honA hI cAhiye thI, taba vaha eka dUsarA hI sumvamArga DhUDhane lge| vodhivRkSa tale unhoMne baisA 'madhyamArga layA-vaha brAhmaNoM ke kriyAkANDa aura jainoM ke kaThora saMyamI jIvana ke bIca eka prakAra kA rAjInAmA thaa| sAdhuoM se unhoMne kahA, 'digamvara bheSa dhAraNa karane kI jarUrata nahIM-zarIra se vilkula virakta na ho kara usakI sAra-sabhAla rakkho-use vastroM se Dhako, taila mardana karo, acchA bhojana do|' isa prakAra ke sarala sAdhu-jIvana dvArA jaba parama sukha milatA ziSya. zrI pArzvanAthasya vidadhe buddha darzanam / / 6 / / zuddhodana sutaM buddha paramAtmAnamabravIt / ' zrI amitagati va bhamatru0, pR. 22 1 DaoNyalaoNgsa oNra dI buddha (S. B. B. Vol. II) pR0 254

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( 270 ) ho to koI kyoM sayamI jIvana kI kaThinAI ko mola le? uma para ma0 gautamabuddha kI mIThI vAgI 'paura mohaka mukhAkRti ne janatA ko moha liyA thaa| loga maMtramugdha hae. unake upadeza ko gahaNa karate the--tarka sidvAnta ko vahA~ gu jAiza nahIM thii| ___eka gbAsa bAta isa sanbandha meM dRSTavya yaha hai ki yadyapi bha. mahAvIra aura zAkyamuni gautama samakAlIna the, parantu unakA kabhI parampara sAkSAta nahIM hyaa| ma0 vada ne kabhI jaina tIrthaGkara se milane kA prayatna nahIM kiyA aura na unhoMne kabhI mahAvIra jI kI tItra AlocanA kI, pratyata bauddha zAstroM meM kaI sthaloM para spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki nirghanya nAtRpatra ko loga sarvaja-sarvadarzI kahate hai-vaha sammAnanIya tattvavettA haiM / nissandeha mahAvIra apanI niyamita aura vaijJAnika sAdhanA kA mIThA phala pUrNa jAna pAne meM saphala hue the| isalie nahIM ki unhe usako pAne kI ma0 yuddha kI taraha tIvra AkAkSA thIvaha AkAkSA se pare the| udAsIna bhAva se unhoM ne mauna sAva kara tapasyA kii| manovijJAna ke AdhAra se jIvana ke dAvapeco kA adhyayana kiyA aura Atmika vijJAna kA vaha zuddha rUpa prakaTa kiyA jisame karmamala sarvathA dhula jAtA hai-AtmA pUrNajJAna kI punIta prabhA prakaTa karatA hai| phalataH mahAvIra varddhamAna trikAlajJa sarvajJa hue| baudva bhI zAkyasiMha gautama ko sarvajJa kahate haiM, parantu vaha yaha bhI spaSTa karate haiM ki ma0 buddha kI sarvajJatA hara samaya unake sAtha nahIM rahatI thI-vaha jaba jisa bAta ko jAnanA cAhate the taba usa bAta ko dhyAna se jAna lete the| 2 jainaSTi se unakA yaha jJAna pUrNajJAna na ho kara avadhijJAna pragaTa hotA hai / pUrNajJAnI dharmatatva kA . bhamayuH pR0 2 milinda-paeha (SBE) bhA* 35 pR0 154

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( 271 ) nirUpaNa vaijJAnika rIti se karegA / vaha kisI bhI viSaya ko 'avyakta' kahakara TAlegA nahIM / sacamuca tIrthaGkara bhagavAn ke jIvana meM kevalajJAna prApti kI ghaTanA apUrva hai / sAmAnya vaddhi zAyada usakA mahatva na oNka sake ! kintu jo vicakSaNa manISI hai aura bAla- ravi ke aruNodaya meM divya-darzana pAte hai, vaha samajha sakate haiM jJAnasUrya ke prabhAvaka udaya kA mahatva | bha0 mahAvIra ke mahAna vyaktitva me vaha jJAnasUrya pragaTa huA jisake darzana pAne ke liye bar3e 2 yogI lAlAyita rahate hai ! AtmA ke ananta jJAna aura ananta darzana guNa isI samaya prakAzamAna hote hai, jo avyaya AtmAlhAda ke pUraka banate hai / ve kRtakRtya sahAyogirAT svayaM sukhI hote hai aura loka ko sukha vitaraNa karate haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki kaivalyapada pAte hI tIrthaMkara mahAvIra sarvamAnya ho gaye / bauddhagrantha 'saMyutta nikAya' (bhA0 2 pR0 64 ) meM mahAvIra prabhU kA yaha vizeSa prabhAva spaSTa zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai / mahAtmA gautama buddha ke jIvana para bha0 mahAvIra kI sarvajJa dazA kA itanA prabhAva par3A pratIta hotA hai ki bha0 mahAvIra ke dharmapracAra karate rahane taka karmakSetra meM unake darzana kaThinatA se milate haiM / yahI avasara hai ki bauddha saMgha meM vidroha ke vIja ugane lage the| koI bauddha bhikSu sAdhutva ke liye nAganya (digamvaratva) ko Avazyaka samajha kara nagna rahane lage, to koI mAMsa-machalI kA niSedha karane lage the / ma0 gautamabuddha ke 50 se 70 varSa kI madhyavartI 1. 'mahAvagga' (8 | 28) meM likhA hai ki usa samaya kucha bauddha bhinu nagna bheSa meM unake pAsa Aye aura nAgaNya (Nakedness) kI prazaMsA aura mahattA batAne lage / buddha ne isakA niSedha kiyA aura kahA ki tIrthakaroM kI taraha nagna nahIM rahanA cAhiye / kucha bhikSu

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( 272 ) jIvana ghaTanAoM kA ullekha nahIM ke barAbara milatA hai- yaha kAla prAya. ghaTanAoM ke ullekha se korA hai| isa abhAva kA kAraNa bha0 mahAvIra ke dharmapracAra kA prabhAva hai| bauddha grantha 'sAmagAmasuttanta' meM eka prasaMga isa anumAna ko puSTa karatA hai| usame likhA hai ki pAvA me bha0 mahAvIra ke mokSagamana kI vAtA 'java ma0 baddha ke ziSya Ananda ne sunI to vaha khUba harpita hue aura bar3I utsukatA se yaha samAcAra sunAne ke liye mara vaha ke pAsa daur3e gye| bauddhabhikSu Ananda kA yaha harSamAna aura utkarAThA isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki vauddha samudAya meM bhaH mahAvIra kA antitva AtaGka lAye hue thaa| avazya hI vauddha sagha ko bha0 mahAvIra ke dharma pracAra se hAni uThAnI par3I thii| isIliye Ananda prasanna hue ki mArga kI eka vAdhA dUra huI! vaddhadeva ko yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa thA ki manuSya pUrNa jJAnI vanane kI zakti rakhatA hai / aura unhe yaha bhI vizvAse zaki pUrNajJAnI bane vinA loka kA saccA hita koI nahIM sAdha sakatA! unheM pUrNa bAnI vanane kI tIvra icchA thI aura camakate huye zabdoM meM unhoMne kahA thA ki vaha sarvavyApI zreSTha Arya jJAnakA mahAn aura vivikta darzana hai jo manupyakI samajha meM nahIM A sakatA, isakI prApti ke lie unhoMne apanA mavyamArga pragaTa hAya meM bhojana karane lage aura kura tR'bI vA kamaMDala rakhane lge| uha ne inakA bhI niSedha kirA / (VT. p. 245) devadatta ne midhuoM ko vana meM rahane, mAMsa na bAne aura adhika saMyamI jIvana bitAne para jora diyA yaa| (Ibrd p.p. 324--325 & Saunders, GB., pp.72-73). 2. sipa viganaDhera sA. ne isa kAla ko (An almost complete blank ) likhA hai|

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( 273) kiyA / buddhadeva kI yaha dRr3hatA jaina tIrthakara ke mahAn vyaktitva me camakate huye jJAnasUrya kI RNI thI-jinendra ke pratyakSa athavA parokSa darzana se hI isa prakAra kI prazasta AkAkSA sudRr3ha vanatI hai / ma0 buddha ne kaI daphA nirgrantha sAdhuoM se bAtacIta kI thI aura unake mukhase unhoMne sunA thA ki nirgrantharAda jJAtRputra mahAvIra sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI hai| unhe bhI usa AryajJAna ko pAne kI lAlasA huI aura apane DhaMga se unhoMne apanI manAtuSTi kara lI | usa jJAna ko pAne ke liye unhoMne kar3e se kar3A tapazcaraNa varSoM kiyA-kSINa zarIra hone para bhI unhoMne apane prayatna ko nahIM chodd'aa| jainatIrthakara ke atirikta aisA koI vyakti nahIM thA jisakA dRSTAMta vuddhadeva ke dila para itanA prabala prabhAva DAlatA / tIrthakara pArzvanAtha jI kI paramparA se unhoMne jainadharma ke isa dAve kA pratyakSa anubhava pAyA thA ki prANI pUrNajJAnI- sarvajJa ho sakatA hai / tIrthakara mahAvIra ke jIvana me vaha pUrNa jJAna-sUrya udaya huA hI thA / ataH svayaM buddhadeva aura unake saMgha para bha0 mahAvIra kA prabhAva par3anA svAbhAvika hI thA ma. buddha ne 'vinayapiTaka' me kaI niyamoM kA vidhAna tIrthakoMmukhyataH jainiyoM ke anurUpa kiyA likhA hai / udAharaNata. aSTamIcaturdazI ko saMgha sammelana aura upadeza karanA, varSA Rtu manAnA, jIvoM kI rakSA karanA, varSA Rtu ke anta me AlocanA karanA jo 'pavAranA' kahalAtI thI / varSA Rtu manAne kA prasaMga jaina prabhAva ko khuba vyakta karatA hai| pAThaka, use jarA dekhiye / 'mahAvagga' (3 / 1 / 2 ) meM likhA hai ki bauddha bhikSu varSA Rtu nahI manAte the| varSA me bhI idhara udhara calate phirate the| janatA ko yaha vyavahAra akhraa| loga kahane lage, 'yaha 1, VT. (SBE XIII), p.

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(24) zAkyaputtiyamita kaise hai jo zIta aura proma kAlAMkI taraha vAstu meM bhI gamanAgamana karate hai ? vaha na killA ko pairoM tale rodate haiM, banammatikAya jIvoM kI virAdhanA karate haiM, ananta sUkSma jIvoM ke prANoM kA vyaparopaNa karane haiM / tIrthaka zramaNa isa Rtu me ekAntavAsa karate haiM-unakA gamanAgamana sImita ho jAtA hai| buddhadeva jaba isa bAta ko jAnate haiM to varSA Rtu pAlane kA niyama banA dete haiM / isa uddharaNa meM haritakAya, vanaspati aura sanmUrkhana jIvoM kI virAdhanA kA ullekha mahatvazAlI hai / jainasidvAnta meM inakA ullekha hai aura jainI inakI rakSA kA pUrA dhyAna rakhatA hai / 'harI' (haritkAya ) na khAne kA niyama jainiyoM ke choTe bacce bhI karate haiN| isa prakAra ke ullekha isa bAta ke pramANa haiM ki usa samaya janatA me jainadharma ke sidvAnta vizepa pracalita the aura unakA prabhAva vauddhasaMgha para par3A thaa| bha0 mahAvIra kA nirvANa ma0 gautamavuddha ke jIvanakAla meM huA thA-buddhadeva bhagavAn ke nirvANa ke pazcAt sabhavata do se pAca varSa taka jIvita rahe the / vauddha grathoM meM spaSTa likhA hai ki jaba buddhadeva tathAgata zAkyabhUmi ko jA rahe the, taba unhoMne jAnA thA ki pAvA me nAtaputra mahAvIra kA nirvANa ho gayA thA / isa prakAra bha0 gautama buddha kA sambandha bha0 mahAvIra se spaSTa hotA hai / buddhadeva vauddha dharma ke saMsthApaka huye, jabaki bha. mahAvIra prAcIna tIrthaGkara paramparA ke antima ratna the-unhoMne jainadharma kI sthApanA nahIM kI, balki usakA punarutthAna kiyaa| unake dharmopadeza eva prAcIna nirgrantha paramparA se ma0 vuddha ne vahuta kucha liyA-yahI kAraNa hai ki unake vAkyoM meM jainasidvAtoM kI jhalaka dikhatI hai| 1. Vinaya Texts (SBE. XIII) pp 239-298

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(26) bhagavAn kA mokSalAbha aura nirvANa-dhAma / 'tvamasi surAsuramahito granthika sattvAzaya praNamAmahitaH / lokatrayaparamahito'nAvaraNa jyotirujvlddhaamhitH||' ~zrIsamantabhadrAcArya. / 'he vIra / tuma surAsuroM se vandita ho aura ho parigraha Adi granthiyoM se rahita, usa para bhI loka ke parama hitU ho aura nirAvaraNa jyoti arthAt kSAyaka jJAna ( kevalajJAna ) se prakAzamAna ujjvaladhAma-mokSasthAna ko prApta hone vAle ho|' nissandeha zrI samantabhadrAcAryajI ne ina zabdoM meM ThIka nirdeza kiyA hai| tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke divya jIvana me paMca kalyANaka suavasara anupama hai / mokSakalyANaka unameM sarva antima hai| yaha avasara vyaktigata dRSTi se sarvotkRSTa hai, kyoMki isa avasara para hI pUrNa AtmasvAtantrya vyakta hotA hai vyakti zarIra ke kaidakhAne se mukti pAtA hai-usake vandhana hamezA ke liye Ta jAte hai / bha0 mahAvIra dharmAmRta varSA karake kRtakRtya ho cuke the| unako sirpha zarIra bandhana se mukta honA zepa thA-vaha sarvajJa the, isaliye Aya karma ke avasAna para unakI mukti nizcita thii| isa suavasara para unakI AtmA ne saMsAra paribhramaNa kA anta hamezA ke liye kara liyaa| unhoMne siddha paramAtmA ke divya jIvana kA zrIgaNeza kiyA--mahatI AtmapurupArtha kI zAzvata abhivyakti kA suavasara unhe nasIba huA / siddhAvasthA kI vizuddhatA, vijJAnatA, avyAvAdhitA aura AtmAlhAditA kA upabhoga karane ke liye vaha samartha huye / paramasukha-bhoga, avichinna zAnti evaM ananta vIrya parAkrama kA Ananda vahA~

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(26) dIna, mAnanda anubhava anAndriya --mamaniye kahane magaMgA vipana nahIM hai| mamAthilIna gogI hI marA ramA. cATana krte| meM to maMmAra meM sara hI prANiyoM kA bhautika jIvana eka dina manAma hotA hai. parantu yaha mamApti eka anya maMsArI jIvana kA prArambha hotI hai-nArI jIva ke liye catuti paridhanA karanA anivArya hai| rintu bha. mahAvIra ke masArI jIvana kA anta viziSTa yA-vaha 'pira masAra meM na jAne ke liye huyA thaa|' usameM janma-maraNa ke pAza kaTa gaya, jo bhavabhramaNa ke kAraNa haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki hama aura zrAra kahate hai ki bhagavAna ne monalAma' kiyaa| bha. mahAvIra gaNadhara yAdi caturvidhi saMgha ke sAya vihAra karate huye eka acche ne dina vihAra prAnta ke antargata pAvA nAmaka sthAna para phuNce| vaha manorama sthAna prakRti sulabha chaTA se yukta thaa| vahA~ vancha salila marovara nayanAbhirAma thaa| usake madhya sarva banarAzi sampanna sugadhita samIraNa se saMvAhita eka bhamisthala thaa| vaha rAjya upavana thA-'manohara' usakA nArthaka nAma thA / bhagavAn unake madhya eka vRkSa ke nIce virAnamAna huye| pAvA ke rAjA hastipAla ne bhagavAn ke zubhAgamana kI zubhavAto sunI-vaha harSAtireka meM thirakane lge| isa suavasara kI vaha vATa joha rahe the| unhoMne nagara meM AnandabherI dilAImamatta puravAsI Ananda vibhora ho vIra vandanA ke liye utsuka ho rAjyodyAna ko gaye / pAvA ke rAjamArga tvaccha aura zobhA se khila uThe the-vahA~ kI galiyoM meM galAbajala chir3akA gayA thaa| rAja maMdiroM, bhavya bhavanoM aura vakSoM taka para raMgaviraMgI - patAkAyeM evaM dIpamAlikAyeM laTakAI gaI thiiN| bahumUlya vastrA

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( 277 ) bhUSaNoM se susajjita rAjaparivAra ne apanI prajA ke sAtha bhaktiplAvita hRdaya se bhagavAn kI vandanA kI / unase antima dharmopadeza sunA aura apane ko kRtakRtya huA mAnA / ataH bhagavAna ne sabhA ko chor3a diyA- unakA samavazaraNa vighaTa gayA / vaha ekAnta me zukladhyAna kI paripUrNatA me nimagna ho gaye ! unhoMne yoganirodha diyA-nizcala kAyotsarga avasthA me vaha lIna rhe| vaha sadeha dhyAna hI vahA~ khar3e the| bhagavAn kA utkRSTa Atma-prabhAva cahu~ ora vyApta thaa| saba hI prANI parama samatAbhAva kA anabhava kara rahe the unheM sukha aura zAnti kA Ananda mila rahA thA, satra hI baira-virodha visAra cuke the| siMha aura hiraNa bhI sAtha 2 ghama rahe the| prakRti ne navalarUpa dhAraNa karake apanA ullAsa prakaTa kiyA thaa| pRthvI ne harI 2 ghAsa aura raMgaviraMge phUloM ko dhAraNa karake mAnoM bhagavAna ke caraNoM kI pUjA kI thii| cahu~ ora suvAsita manda pavana cala rahA thaa| vaha sthAna"jaya-jaya"kI dhvani se gaja rahA thA / sArAMzataH sundara vanopavana aura Anandavivhala manaSyoM se veSTita pAvApurI sAkSAt amarAvatI kA bhAna karA rahI thii| nirmala paramAvagAr3ha samyaktva ke dhAraka vaha sanmati bhagavAn samasta karmoM ko nimUla karake kArtika kRSNA caturdazI kI rAtri ke anta samaya me jaba ki candra svAti nakSatra para thA mukti ko prApta huye / unake avyAvAdha atizaya ananta sukharUpa siddha pada ko prApta karate hI devoM ke siMhAsana hila uThe-unhone avadhijJAna se jAnA ki bhagavAn kA mokSa kalyANaka huA hai| vaha hotireka me uThe-mastaka namAyA aura bhagavAna ke pavitra aura anupama zarIra kI bhakti pUrvaka pUjA karane ke liye pAvA jA pahu~ce / indra ne aAjenda nATaka racA aura utsava mnaayaa| bhagavAna kA nirvANa pragaTa ghaTanA thI-usake darzana karane

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( 278 ) kA saubhAgya savahIM bhAgyazAlI jIvoM ko prApta huyA thaa| kahate haiM ki jaba bhagavAn kI paramotkRSTa zuddhAtmA avazeSa adhAtiyA kamAM kA nAza karake loka zikhira para nthita siddhazilA kI ora jA rahI thI usa samaya kRSNapakSIya rAta vimirAcchanna-kAlI cAdara meM chapI par3I thI; parantu nirvANa kI viziSTatA ne usa kAlI cAdara kI dhajjiyA~ ur3AdI! cahu~ ora apUrva dedIpyamAna prakAza phaila gayA ! jAna jyoti kA divya Aloka sabane pratyakSa dekhA / loka meM vaha eka camatkAra thA, no asAdhAraNa aura sahana-sulabha nahIM hai| devendra ne bhagavAna kI pUjA karake unake zarIra kI antyakriyA kI aura usa sthAna ko cinhita kara diyA ! uparAnta vahA~ eka stUpa banA diyA gayA thaa| ___ bhagavAna ke nirmANa samatra uttarIya bhArata ke kAzI kauzala ke aThAraha gaNarAjAoM ne aura mallagaNatantra rAnasaMva ke nau rAjAoM ne evaM licchavi gaNarAjamaMva ke nau rAnAoM ne vizeSa utsava manAyA thA-ghI ke dIpaka jalAkara unhoMne harSa pragaTa kiyA thaa| pAvApurI dIpAvalI se camacamA rahI thI, mAno yahI kaha rahI thI ki "yathArtha jJAna kA prakAza-puMja aba saMsAra meM nahIM hai, podgalika-pArthivatA kA asthAyI prakAza TimaTimA rahA hai !' cahu~ ora se loga bhagavAn ke nirvANa sthAna kI patitapAvana raja mastaka para lagAne Aye aura sabane hI usa dIpotsava meM bhAga liyaa| zrI jinasenAcArya ne isa prasaMga kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA haijvalatpradIpAlikayA pravaddhayA, surAsuraidIpitayA pradIptayA / tadAsma pAbAnagarI samaMtataH, pradIpitAkAzatalA prakAzeta // 16 // 33 //

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( 276 ) tatazca lokaH prati varSamAdarA-tprasiddha dIpAlikayAtra bhArate / ___ samudyataH pUjayitu jinezvaraM, jinendranirvANa vibhUti bhaktibhAk // 21 // iti harivaMzapurANaH arthAt-"usa samaya bha0 mahAvIra ke nirvANa kalyANaka ke utsava ke samaya sura-asuroM ne mahAdaidIpyamAna jahA tahAM dIpaka jalAye-rozanI kI, jisase pAvAnagarI ati suhAvanI jAna par3ane lagI aura dIpakoM ke prakAza se samasta AkAza jagamagA utthaa| bhagavAna ke nirvANa dina se lekara Aja taka zrI jinendra mahAvIra ke nirvANa kalyANa kI bhakti se prerita ho loga prativarSa bharatakSetra meM divAlI ke dina dIpoM kI paMkti se unakA pUjana smaraNa karate hai|" sacamuca divAlI bha0 mahAvIra kI pavitra smRti ko prativarSa punarjIvita karatI hai| bha0 mahAvIra ke padArpaNa se pAvA pavitra ho gayA aura tIrthaGkara kA nirvANadhAma hone se vaha yathArthataH 'apApApurI' vana gyaa| Aja bhI asaMkhya yAtrIgaNa nirvANamadira me bha0 mahAvIra kI vItarAga-chavi ke samakSa dhyAna kA sahArA lekara sukhAnubhava karate haiN| usa nirvANadhAma kA vAtAvaraNa parama zAnti kA AgAra hai / yAtrI eka alaukika Ananda vahA~ pahu~cate hI pAtA hai / kAkA kAlelakara ne usa puNyabhUmi ke darzana karake likhA hai ki hare 2 khetoM ke vistAra meM pAvAparI ke zubhra maMdira kaise zobhA dete haiM ? isa jagaha eka AryahRdaya ke jIvana-kAla kA anta huA thA aura yahIM se bha0 mahAvIra ke gaNadhara ahiMsA kA saMdeza lekara daza dizAoM meM phaila gaye the| jisane isa sthAna ko

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( 280 ) 'apApapurI' kA nAma diyA use atizayokti karane kI cAhata thI, aisA koI nahIM kaha sakatA / ahiMsA, aparigraha, aura tapasyA agara pApa ko haTAne me samartha na ho, to manuSya ko kabhI puNya ke mArga kA sevana karanA hI nahIM cAhiye | "rAste kI eka bar3I sarpAkRti mor3a pAra karake hama jalamaMdira ke mahAdvAra ke pAsa jA pahu~ce / dUsare tIrthasthAnoM me jaisI eka taraha kI ghabar3AhaTa hotI hai, vaisI yahAM nahIM huI / yahA saba kucha zAnta aura prasanna thA / nayA mahAdvAra aura usa para banA huA nakkArakhAnA, jo aba taka pUrA nahIM huA hai, jalamaMdira taka banA huA caur3A pula - saba kucha eka khAsa kisma ke lAla patthara se paTA huA hai| pula ke donoM tarapha bagIce haiM aura tAlAba ke andara kamala ke patte 'sAre tAlAva ko Dhaka denA ucita hogA yA nahIM' isake anizcaya meM sahajabhAva se Dola rahe haiM / nIce ghATa ke sAmane vAlA maMdira pula se ThIka samakoNa me nahIM hai, yaha vizeSatA turanta hI dhyAna khIMcatI hai / isa lie kucha aTapaTA-sA lagatA hai / parantu anta meM maname yahI nirNaya hotA hai ki isameM bhI eka prakAra kI vizeSa sundaratA hai ! sacamuca pAvApurI kA jalamaMdira AlhAda dAyaka hai| yahAM pAvApurI meM dhAna ke khetoM ke bIca zobhA dene vAlA yaha kamala kAsAra apanI svAbhAvikatA se rAja karatA hai aura usameM banA huA jala-maMdira kisI lobhI manuSya kI taraha sAre dvIpa ko vyApa nahIM letA hai / usane apane cAroM tarapha ghUmane-phirane ke liye kAphI khulI jagaha rakha chor3I hai aura aparigraha kA vAtAvaraNa vanAyA hai / madurA ke vizAla maMdiro me agara bhavyatA hai, to pAvApurI ke isa choTe se maMdira meM aNimA aura lAvaNya kI sidvi hai / "va kI vAra pAvApurI ke sarovara me saoNpa na dekha sakane se kucha nirAzA huI / sApa jaba pAnI me nAcatA hai, taba vaha dRzya

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( 281 ) machaliyoM ke bihAra se kahIM adhika kalAtmaka hotA hai / aura pAvApurI ko chor3akara dUsare kisa sthAna me aisA dRzya dekhane ko milane vAlA thA ? saMdhyA kI zAMti kA samaya thA / hama sIdhe maMdira ke bhItara pahu~ce / hiMsA kA sAkSAtkAra karane vAle tapasvI mahAvIra kA kucha kSaNa ke liye dhyAna karake maiM bAhara nikalA aura guMdhA huA ATA lekara manovinoda ke lie machaliyoM ko cugAne dvIpa kI sIr3hiyoM ke pAsa gayA / machaliyoM kA AkAra kalApUrNa hotA hI hai| khAsakara jaba ve jhuNDa me ikaTThI hotI hai aura krIr3A karatI hai athavA khAne ke liye chInA-jhapaTI karatI haiM, mor3oM aura aiMThanoM kA nRtya eka jIvita kAvya bana jAtA hai / " nissandeha pAvApura jIvita kAvya hai / hiMsAnandI vyakti bhI usake pavitra Aloka meM apanI nirdayatA bhUla jAtA hai / kyA vaMsI meM dhokhe se machalI ko phaMsA lene meM vaha kalAmaya AtmA ko AlhAdakArI nRtya dekhane ko mila sakatA hai jo jala maMdira ke cabUtare kI kora para se machaliyo ko ATA curaM gAte hue nasIba hotA hai ? kadApi nahIM ! ahiMsA kI divyatA aura vizeSatA batAne ke lie hI mAno vaha matsyAdi pUrNa sarovara vahAM zobhita hai / sva0 zrI jugamandara lAla jI jainI jaja ne viSaya me likhA thA ki "pAvApurI dhArmika sambandha hone ke kAraNa pyArI hai| mukhyamaMdira jisame bha0 mahAvIra ke pavitra caraNa cinha virAjamAna haiM, kamala patroM aura anya jalaja latAvallariyoM se alaMkRta eka tAlAba ke madhya avasthita hai| pAnI ke madhya aneka machaliyAM tairatI najara AtI hai aura unakA ratipUrNa tairanA manoraMjana kA salaunA dRzya hai / kabhI 2 eka bar3I machalI choTI machaliyoM ke giroha para jhapaTakara unheM titara bitara karake pAnI me bhItara daur3a jAne ke liye vAdhya karatI hai| isa samaya isa w

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( 282 ) tAlAba meM kamala nahIM khila rahe the, parantu anumAna kIjiye jarA, kaisA cittAkarSaka zya tAlAva kA hotA hogA jaba zveta aura raktavarNa ke kamaladala usake samatala ko alaMkRta karate haoNga evaM usakI tvaccha talI meM machaliyA~ kamala nAloM ke taMtuoM meM killoleM karatIM tairatI dikhAI par3atI hoMgI ! sUrya bhI usa samaya usa jala vindu ko jo machaliyoM ke killola-natya se kamaladala para Ana par3A ho, ati manohara gulAbI raMga ke motI meM parivartita karatA najara AtA hogaa| hamAre bhagavAn ke pavitra maMdira taka patthara kA pula baMdhA huA hai| isa maMdira meM eka choTI koTharI hai, jisameM pUrvAbhimukhI tIna tAka haiM / vIca vAle tAka me bha0 mahAvIra ke caraNa cinha aGkita haiN| isa tAka se idharaudhara kI ora ke dUsare tAkoM meM kramazaH gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama aura sudharma svAmI kI caraNapAdukAyeM pratiSTita haiN| ina pavitra caraNa cinhoM ke darzana karane se jisa zAnti aura zucitA kA Ananda milatA hai vaha vacana agocara anubhava kI cIja hai| avakAsa pAne para sitragaNa pAvApurI kI yAtrA kara dekhe-vahA~ bhagavAna ke parokSa parantu sAkSAt caraNoM tale vaiThane kA saubhAgya prApta kreN| unakI prakAzamAna uMgaliyA~ Aja bhI sanAtana satyamArga ko vyakta kara rahI haiM aura unakI hitamita vANI vyathita yAtrI ko zAnti, sukha aura satya ke pAvana dhAma kI ora paga bar3hAne ko lalacA rahI hai !" nissandeha siddhatva prApta mahAvIra kI zuddha prAtma jyoti kA prakAza usa punIta sthala para hI dipatA hai-vahA~ se to sIve bhagavAn mahApayAna karake nirAvaraNadhAma ko pahu~ce the unakA vaha divya mArga ava bhI nAnaSTi ke liye jAjvalyamAna hai| usa para naisargika saundarya aparva ullAsa aura utsAha kA saSTA hai / bhagavAn ke siddhiparaka caraNoM kI chAyA meM baiThanA mAnoM

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( 283 ) amara sukha kA anubhava lUTanA hai- mukti dvAra kA tAlA kholanA hai| dhanya hai-pavitra hai vaha nirvANadhAma, jahA~ prabhu ke caraNa carcita hai / priya pAThaka, avazya hI udhara Ate paga udhAra, mastaka se nami lenA, darzana kara pavitra caraNa ke, svAtama lakha lenA ! hai vaha pAvana Thaura, vahA~ hai mahimA dipatI, usa sama aura na Thaura, mahI jahA~ sundara dikhatI / /

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(30) bhagavAna kA nirvANa-kAla "NiyANe vIra jiNe chavvAsasadesu paMcavarasesu / paNamAsesu gadesusaMjAdo sagaNio ahabA // " -trilokaprajJapti, bhagavAn mahAvIra kA nirvANa kaba huA ? isa prazna kA ThIka uttara denA kaThina hai| bhagavAna ko huye Aja lagabhaga DhAI hajAra varSa huye hai / itanI purAnI bAta ko koI kaise batAde ? jaina samAja me isa zatI ke prArambha se vIra nirvANa kI mAnyatA san 527 I0 pU0 se mAnakara pracalita hai| isakA AdhAra jaikobI sahaza pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kA abhimata ho sakatA hai| yaha gaNanA nirdhAnta hai, yaha to nahIM kahA jA sakatA, parantu Aja yahI lokamAnya ho rahI hai / Adhunika jagata bha. mahAvIra ke samaya se bahuta dUra AgayA hai, parantu usake jo adhika nikaTa the vaha bhI vIra-nirvANa-kAla ke viSaya me eka nizcita mata nahIM rakhate the| 'triloka prajJapti' jaise prAcIna grantha meM bhI nirvANakAla viSayaka vibhinna matoM kA ullekha hai| usame likhA hai ki / "vIra bhagavAn ke mokSa ke bAda jaba 461 varSa vIta gaye, taba yahA~ para zaka nAmakA rAjA utpanna huaA athavA bhagavAn ke mukta hone ke bAda 6785 varpa 5 mahIne bItane para zaka rAjA hyaa| 1. "vIra jiNaM sidigade caTasadAgisahi vAsa primaayo| phAlaMmi adikka te upparaNo estha sagarAyo // 86 // zrahavA vIre siddha sahassa Navakami magasayAmahiye / paNasITimi yatIde paNamAse sagaNino jAdA 10 // pAThAntaraM //

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( 285 ) vIrezvara ke siddha hone ke 14763 varSa bAda zaka rAjA huA, yaha bhI pAThAntara hai aura yaha bhI mata hai ki vIra bhagavAn ke nivANa ke 605 varSa aura 5 mahIne vAda zaka rAjA huaa|" itane para bhI yaha nizcita hai ki vIra nirvANa kI paNyamaI ghaTanA ko lakSya karake samaya kA nirdeza karane kI paripATI prAcIna hai / vaha eka samvat kA hI pratirUpa hai, kyoMki vIra nivoNAvda 84 kA eka zilAlekha bAr3alI nAmaka grAma se milA hai, jisame 'mAdhyamikA nagarI' me kisI kArya ke hone kA ullekha hai| IsvI pUrva cauthI zatI se dUsarI zatI taka mAdhyamikA me jainadharma kA prAvalya thA 1 / vahA~ se vIra nirvANa dyotaka ullekha milanA isa bAta kI sAkSI hai ki vIra nirvANAvda kA prayoga taba bhI jaina janatA dvArA huA thA / kintu hatbhAgya se aisA koI ullekha upalabdha nahIM hai jisake AdhAra se vIra nirvANAvda kI nizcita gaNanA nirdhAnta siddha ho ske| ___ isa dazA meM kevala eka mArga hI avazeSa hai aura vaha hai bha0 mahAvIra kA sambandha unake samakAlIna mahApuruSoM se sthApita karanA / unake samakAlIna prakhyAt puruSoM me ma. gautamabuddha, samrAT zreNika vimbasAra aura ajAtazatra pramukha the| ma0 gautamabaddha ke viSaya me jJAta hai ki unakI Aya assI varSa kI thI aura unakA parinirvANa samrATa ajAtazatru ke rAjyakAla ke AThaveM varSa meM huA thA / pAlIpiTaka graMthoM ke antargata 'jaTilasutta' me hI pahale 2 bha0 sahAvIra kA ullekha huA milatA hai| cohasa sahassa sagasaya teNaudIvAsa kAla vicchede / vIresarasiddhIdo uppaeNo sagaNio ahavA / / // pAThAntaraM // tripR0 1. rAi0 11358

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( 286 ) vahA~ unheM buddha se zrAyu va dIkSA meM alpavayaska likhA hai aura buddha ko usa samaya apanA dharma pracAra karate huye sAta varSa ho cuke the | isa vivaraNa se spaSTa hai ki ma0 vuddha bha0 mahAvIra se umra me vaDe the - unakA janma bha0 mahAvIra se pahale ho cukA thA / kitane varSa pahale huA, yaha batAnA kaThina hai / to bhI yaha pragaTa hai ki ma0 gautamabuddha ke jIvana me prAya: 50 se 70 varSa ke madhyavartI kAla kI jIvana ghaTanAye nahIM-sI milatI haiM / isa prabhAva kA kAraNa ma0 buddha ke jIvana para bha0 mahAvIra kI sarvajJa dazA kA prabhAva ho sakatA hai| sacamuca bAta bhI aisI hI jaMcatI hai, kyoMki jaba bha0 mahAvIra sarvajJa hokara dharmopadeza karane lage the taba ma0 buddha kI Ayu lagabhaga 48 varSa kI honA sambhava hai / buddhadeva kI 50 varSa kI avasthA se vIra-dharma-cakra pravartana kA prabhAva avazya kAryakArI ho calA thA / yaha bAta to svayaM bauddhayoM se pragaTa hai ki bha0 mahAvIra ke sarvajJa hone ke pahale hI ma0 gautamabuddha apane 'madhyamArga' kA pracAra karane lage the 1 / aura ma0 gautamabuddha ke prasaMga meM yaha likhA jA cukA hai ki gautamavuddha ke jIvanakAla meM hI bha0 mahAvIra kA nirvANa ho cukA thA / usa samaya gautamabuddha sAmagAma meM maujUda the / pAvA ke caDa nAmaka vyakti ne isa divya ghaTanA ko dekhA thA / vaha jaldI se malladeza kI rAjadhAnI sAmagAma ko gayA aura 1. majjhimanikAya meM 'nigaMThaputta saMzcaka' ke kathAnaka se spaSTa hai ki yuddhadeva ke dharma pracAra ke samaya ma0 mahAvIra kAryakSetra meM avatIrNa nahIM hue the / (PTS. 1, 225) 'saMyukta nikAya ' (11168) meM likhA hai ki buddha dhapane ko 'sammAna' kaise kahane lage, jabaki nigaThanAtaputta apane ko vaisA nahIM kahate / isase bhI yahI spaSTa hai ki ma0 mahAvIra ke dharmapravartana samaya chadamasta hI the / vuddha

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( 287 ) vahA~ buddhadeva ke mukhya ziSya Ananda ko yaha khabara sunAI / Ananda ne isa ghaTanA ke mahatva ko jhaTa anubhava kara liyA aura kahA, 'mitra caMDa, yaha samAcAra tathAgatake samakSa lAne ke yogya hai, ata: hame unake pAsa calakara yaha khabara denA cAhiye / ' ve buddha ke pAsa gaye, jinane eka bar3A upadeza diyA / ata. yaha spaSTa hai ki ma0 buddha ke jIvana me hI vIra nirvANa ghaTita huA thA / bauddhajagata meM gautamabuddha kA parinirvANa saMvat pracalita hai / usakI gaNanA I0 pU0 543 se kI jAtI hai / sva0 vinseTasmitha sA ne bhI ma buddha kI parinirvANa tithi IsvI pUrva 543 likhI hai / 2"mahAvodhI sosAyaTI kalakattA" ne isI mata ke anusAra buddha saMvat pracalita likhA hai / ataeva 543 I0 pUrva ke pahale bha0 mahAvIra kA nirvANa huA mAnanA ucita jaMcatA hai / parantu ma0 buddha ke parinirvANa tithi ke viSaya me bhI eka mata nahI hai isalie isa gaNanA ke anusAra nizcita mata bhI nirbhrAnta nahIM kahA jA sakatA | 3 zreNika vimbasAra aura bha0 mahAvIra ke sambandha para vicAra karane se yaha spaSTa hai ki vaha bha0 mahAvIra se Ayu me adhika the, kyoMki bauddhagrathoM se ma0 buddha aura unakA samavayaska honA siddha hai4 aura yaha hama dekha hI cuke hai ki ma0 buddha bha0 mahAvIra se Ayu me bar3e the / zAyada yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina grantho me 1. pAsAdika sutanta, Dialogues of Buadha, III, 112. 2. Early History of India, ( IV. ed.) p. 34 3. pahale hamane pauddha parinirvANa ke AdhAra se vIra nirvANa I0 pUrva 541 meM nizcita kiyA thA, parantu use nirbhrAnta mata nahIM kaha sakate haiN| 4. vIra nirmANa saMvat aura jaina kAlagaNanA pR0 1 T

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( 2 ) Nika ke prArambhika jIvana me bha0 mahAvIra kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| celanI ke sAtha unakA vivAha ho jAtA hai aura vaha celanI ke sadadyoga se yazodhara munirATa ke samparka me Akara jainadharma ke premI banate haiN| isa ghaTanA ke uparAnta vaha bha0 mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa meM pahuMcate haiN| isa samaya unakI Ayu adhika honA cAhiye, parantu bha0 vijayakIrti dvArA racita 'zreNika caritra vacanikA' me bha0 mahAvIra ke kevalajJAna prApti ke samaya zreNika kI Aya mAtra 26 varSa kI likhI hai| usameM yaha bhI likhA hai ki zreNika ko deza nikAlA 12 varSe kI avasthA me huA thA / isa choTI umra meM aisA kaThora daMDa diyA jAnA ucita nahIM jacatA / yaha daMDa rAjyAdhikAra ke hetu diyA gayA thaa| prAcInakAla meM rA-yAbhiSeka 27-28 varSa se pahale nahIM hotA thaa| ata. yaha sabhava hai ki yaha ullekha zreNika ke rAjyakAla kA ho, kyoMki 'rAja' kA varNana karate hue yaha likhA gayA hai| aba yadi zreNika kI siMhAsanArohaNa tithi I0 pU0 582 mAnI jAvera to I0 pU0 556 meM bha0 mahAvIra ko kevala jJAna prApta huA siddha hotA hai aura tIsavarSa vihAra evaM dharmopadeza kAla ke ghaTAne para I0 pU0526 me unakA nirvANa pragaTa hotA hai| Ajakala jainiyoM meM isa gaNanA 1. yaha anya rohataka ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM virAjamAna hai aura saM0 1827 kA racA hudhA hai| usameM likhA hai: "zreNika nIti saMbhAla kara kare rAja avikAra / bAraha varSa na bauddhamata, raho pharma ghaza dhAra // 12 // yAraha varSa tane cita gharo, nadagrAma yaha mAraga karo // zreNika varSa chacIsa maMjhAra, mahAvIra kevala pada dhAra / 56 // 12 // 2. saMjai0 21 pR0 18

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( 288 ) ke anusAra hI vIra nirvANa pracalita hai| usa gaNanA ke AdhAra nimnalikhita gAthAyeM va zloka hai:(1) sattari cadu sada jutto, tiNa kAlA vikamo havai jmmo| __ aTha barasa soDasa vAsehi bhammiNa dese // 18 // naMdisagha paTTAvalI (jai0si0bhA0 4 / 75) (2) sattari cadu sada jutto, tiNa kAle vikkamo havai jammo / aThavarasa bAla lIlA, soDasa vAsehi bhammaye deso // rasa paNa bIsA rajjo kuNaMti micchopadeza sNjutto| cAlIsa varasa jiNavara dhamme pAleya sura payaM lahiyaM // vikrama prbNdh| (3) jaM rayaNiM kAlago arihA titthaMkaro mahAvIro / taM rayaNiM avaMti vaI abhisitto pAlayo rAyo / saTThI pAlaga ranno paNa paraNasaMyatu hoI naMdANaM / aTThasayaM muriyANaM tIsaMcitra pussamittassa // bala mitta bhAnumittA saTThI barisANi cataM naravAhaNo / taha gaddI bhallaranno terasa varisA sagassa cau / tIrthoddhAra prakIrNa (4) paNa chassayavarasaM paNamAsajudaM gamiya vIra Nijbuido / saga rAjo to kakkI caduNavatiya mahiya sagamAsaM // -trilokasAra ina mAnyatAoM ke AdhAra se digambara aura zvetAmbaradonoM hI AmnAya ke jainI vikramAvda se 470 varSa pahale arthAta

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( 260 ) I0 pUrva 527 me vIra nirvANa mAnate haiM, parantu pahale do pramANoM me spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki vikrama ke janma se 470 varSa pahale vIra svAmI kA nirvANa huA thA - isI kAraNa vikrama ke rAjyArohaNa kAla ke 18 varSa milAne se vikramAbda se 4 varSa pUrva vIra nirvANa sAnanA upayukta hai / zrI vasunandi zrAvakAcAra meM vikrama saM0 488 varSa pUrva mahAvIra svAmI ke nirvANa kA ullekha hai / isa avasthA meM I0 pU0 545 me vIra nirvANa pramAti hotA hai | isa prakAra vIra nirvANa kI ThIka tithi kA patA pA lenA sugama nahIM hai / kevala yaha do mata hI nahIM haiM, balki Adhunika vidvAnoM ke aura bhI kaI mata haiM, jinakA nirsana anyatra kiyA gayA hai / aisI avasthA meM kevala yaha nizcita 1 6. hamane "bha0 maddAtrIra kA samaya" nAmaka TrekTa (bijanaura 1932) ina matoM kA khaMDana kiyA hai / ve yaha haiM: -- ma~ (1) zaka rAjA ke utpanna hone se 461 varSa pahale vora nirvANa hunA thA / (triloka prajJapti dekho ) sAdhAraNatayA zakarAjA se mAtra prAkasavat pravarttaka kA liyA jAtA hai, parantu yaha ThIka nahIM | yaha zakarAja chatrapa nahapAna thA / (2) zakarAjA se 605 varSa 1 mahIne pahale ghora nirvANa huA thA / (trilokasAra) yaha zakAri zAlivAhana (gautamIputra gAvakarNI) hai| (2) I0 pUrva 468 varSa pahale mahAvIra svAmI mukta huye the / yaha mata pro0 jAlaM kArpenTiyara kA hai| unhoMne vikrama se 601 varSa pahale vIra nirvANa mAnane kI galatI kI hai| (4) vikrama me 550 varSa pahale vIra prabhU moTha gaye the / yaha mAnyatA paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI kI hai, parantu isake liye yaha pramANita honA thAvazyaka hai ki vikramAnda vikrama kI mRtyu se pracalita hai| zrI denapena aura amitagavijI ke dama paryApta haiM /

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( 261 ) hai ki bha0 mahAvIra kA nirvANa ma0 gautama buddha ke jIvanakAla me huA thA / usa samaya zreNika vimbasAra svargavAsI ho cuke the | aura ajAta zatru kuNika magadha ke rAja siMhAsana para AsIna the / vIra nirvANa ke pazcAt jaba indrabhUti gaunasa gaNadhara rAjagRha pahu~ce, taba ajAta zatra rAjA thA aura vaha unakI zaraNa meM Akara zrAvaka huA thA / ataeva yaha mAnanA adhika surakSita hai ki samrAT kuNika ajAtazatru ke rAjyasiMhAsanArUr3ha hone ke cAra chai varSa me bha0 mahAvIra kA nirvANa huA thA / usa samaya ma0 gautama buddha jIvita the / hAla me zrI govinda paii ne bauddha granthoM ke AdhAra se bhI yahI siddha kiyA hai ki IsvI pUrva 501 se pahale hI ma0 gautama buddha ke jIvana kAja me vIra nirvANa kI punIta ghaTanA ghaTita huI thI / unake matAnusAra bha0 mahAvIra kA janma somavAra ke dina 27 pharavarI (caitra zuklA trayodazI ) I0 pUrva 568 ko huA thA aura nirmANa kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA ko somavAra kI rAta ke antima pahara (13 sitambara) ke samaya athavA maMgalavAra kI pau phaTate hI 14 sitambara I0 pUrva 527 ko ghaTita huA thA / unakA yaha mata pracalita vIra nirvANa saMvat ke anurUpa hai | (5) zakAbda se 741 varSa pahale bhagavAna kA nirvANa huA / isa mata kA pratipAdana dakSiNa bhArata ke 18 vIM zatI ke katipaya zijAlekhoM meM huA hai / yaha mata vikrama se 601 varSa pUrva vIra nirvANa mAnane kI galatI kA RNI hai / bha0 mahAvIra smRti grantha zrAgarA pR0 10-100

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bhAvAn kA divyopadeza aura nirmala cAritra ! 'zrI sanmati kevala udaya, nAsyo tama ajJAna / / vizvanAtha praNamau sadA, vizva prakAzaka bhAna // 1 // aba prabhu divyadhvani bhaI, svarga mukati sukhadAya / catura badana prArambha kiya, saptabhaMga samudAya // 2 // -zrI varddhamAna purANa mAnava itihAsa me mahApuruSoM ke zubhAgamana vipayaka prakaraNa anUThe haiN| jisa prakAra zarad Rtu kA nirmala pUrNacandra aura usakI zarad jyotsnA sAre varSa bhara meM apanA anokhApana aura apUrva AlhAda vistAratI hai, usI taraha mahApuruSoM kA avataraNa loka ke liye vizeSa aura apUrva AlhAdakArI hai| nissandeha itihAsa meM koI bhI prakaraNa aise pyAre aura uttama nahIM dikhate jaise ve ki jinameM usa samaya ke kisI varmapravartaka yA AcArya ke zubhAgamana kA varNana ho / bhavya-kumuda aise nirmala pUrNacandra ko pAkara khila uThate hai aura unake Aloka meM gaurava aura sukha anubhava karate haiN| una mahApuruSoM kI nirmala vANI lokakalyANa kA kAraNa hotI hai loga use sunakara avadhAraNa karate haiM aura unake pagacindoM kA anusaraNa karake apane ko kRtArtha mAnate haiM / cumbaka patthara ke samAna loka jagataguru ke nikaTa svayaM AkRSTa ho jAtA hai unheM kisI ko nyotA dene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| bha0 mahAvIra kA patitapAvana caritra unakI mahAnatA ko svayaM vyakta kara rahA hai usakI vizeSatA zabdoM kI RNI nahIM hai; kadAcin vaha avaktavya hI hai| usakA digdarzana karAnA

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( 263 ) sAdhAraNa kArya nahIM hai - hai vaha avazya pyArA aura pAvana / mahAvIra ativIra tIrthaMkara the / vaha sAkSAt jJAna aura cAritra - rUpa the / ata ke chayAlIsa guNa uname prakAzamAna the / vaha sazarIrI sarvajJa zuddha-buddha - parameza the / paramAtmadazA ke saba hI guNa uname dRzyamAna the / 1 kahate hai ki mahAn caritra ke mApa tIna hai arthAt (1) zarIra bala, (2) mAnasika uttamatA aura (3) naitika cAritra kI nirmalatA / tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA caritra isa mApa me sauTaMca sone kI taraha camakatA huA pragaTa hotA hai / unakA zarIravala loka meM anupama thA- vaha vajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana yukta dvitIya thaa| unakA zarIra bala aura saundarya cakravartI aura kAmadeva ko lajjita karatA thA / vaha sundara suvAsita sAta hAtha kA zarIra svarNavarNa kA thA / bha0 mahAvIra ne usakA ThIka upayoga kiyA - vaha vAla brahmacArI rahe / yaha thI unakI zArIrika utkRSTatA / zveta dugdha sA rakta unakI nasoM meM vahatA thA ? -4 1 bhagavAn kI mAnasika utkRSTatA isI se aMdAjI jA sakatI hai ki vaha janma se hI mati, zruti aura avadhijJAna ke dhAraka the / isa utkRSTatA ko unhoMne lagAtAra kaI janmoM ke adhyavasAya se prApta kiyA thA / unake liye vaise sAdhana sugama nahIM the; kintu unhoMne apane ko una sAdhanoM ke yogya banAyA thA - isI me unakI mahAvIratA thI / sAdhana sulabha hone para hara koI unnati kara jAtA hai; parantu isame viziSTatA kucha nahIM / mahAvIra ke caritra meM viziSTatA isIliye hai ki vaha jIvana kI nimnatama zreNI me par3e huye the, parantu apane sadprayatnoM se usI taraha camake jisa prakAra hIrA kharAda para car3hakara camakatA hai / sociye jarA, kahaoN eka jaMgalI bhIla aura kahaoN vizvadharma praNetA mahA

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( 264 ) vIra ! mAsopajIvI bhIla apane hI udyoga se mAnasika unnati karake tIrthakaratva ko prApta karatA hai| aura janma se hI vinAnadhArI banatA hai| mAnasika paripUrNatA kA artha mahAvIra ka nikaTa viveka kA jAgRta honA thaa| zuSka tArkika buddhivATa to eka mAnasika vAsanA hai-mahIpI vAsanAlipta hotA nahIM, vaha vivekI hai| isaliye jJAna kA mApa korA tarkavAda nahIM hai aura na usase mAnasika utkRSTatA prApta hotI hai| mAnasika utkRSTatA kA pramANa amita kAruNyavarSaka viveka hai| bha. mahAvIra usaka Adarza udAharaNa the| lagAtAra bAraha varSoM taka sAdhanA me lIna rahakara unhoMne vaha utkRSTapada pAyA jo manakA RNI nahIM rhtaa| mana ke AdhAra se prApta huA jJAna sAkSAt AtmajJAna nahIM hai| vaha parAvalambI hai / bha0 mahAvIra parAvalambI nahIM rahe-vaha sarvajJa huye-pUre AtmajJAnI bana gye| unhoMne mana para vijaya pAI / yahI kAraNa hai ki ve eka advitIya prabhAvazAlI vaktA the| unake mukhakamala se sadaiva satyAmata varSatA thaa| pAThaka, ava svayaM anumAna kara sakate haiM ki bhaH mahAvIra sadRza vivekI mahApurupa kA naitika caritra kitanA vizAla hogaa| nissadeha mahAvIra sAkSAt zIla, dharma aura saMyama kI pratimUrti the| vaha zraddhA, jJAna aura cAritra ko mokSasiddhi ke lie eka sAtha Avazyaka mAnate the| vividha-viSaya-jJAna-paTu honA aura bAta hai, lAkhoM kitAboM ko par3ha DAlanA eka cIz2a hai aura usa jJAna ko samyak zraddhA kI kasauTI para kasakara cAritra caMdana se carcita karake sugaMdhita vanAnA aura cIna hai| bha. mahAvIra koI bAta kahate pIche the, pahale use vaha apane anubhava kI vastu banA lete the| zraddhA, nAna aura cAritra tInoM eka sAtha unake jIvana meM camakate the| unake jIvana kI eka ghar3I bhI vyartha na jAtI thI- usame upayukta tInoM ratna prakAzita hote rahate the|

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( 265) upadeza se udAharaNa kA mUlya adhika hotA hai / jisa dharma siddhAMta ko mahAvIra ne pratipAdA, vaha unake jIvana meM jAgRtarUpa pA cukA thaa| yaha vizeSatAye hI bha0 mahAvIra kI mahAnatA ko vyakta karatI hai| unakI isa mahAnatA kA prabhAva zrI jinasenAcArya jI ke zabdoM me ya hai ki "jina mahAnubhAvoM ne bha0 mahAvIra kA vacana sunA athavA unheM pratyakSa dekhA usakI prakRti mithyA varmo se sarvathA haTa gaI ! unhe bhagavAn kA rUpa dekhane se aura vacana sunane se paramAnaMda huA!" bha. mahAvIra Apta-saca upAsanIya deva the-vaha sarvotkRSTa guru the| unakI upAsanA aura pUjA unake pagacinhoM kA anukaraNa karanA hai| unakA upakAra isI meM hai ki unhoMne hame vastutatva kA bodha karAyA--sote se jagAyA aura viveka netra diyaa| unakA divyopadeza loka ke liye trANa thaa| vaha thA bhI anupama ! unhe icchA nahIM thI ki vaha jagadguru bane ! icchA ko to unhoMne jItA thaa| mumukSuoM kA puNya pratApa thA vaha ki unhe pUrNa jJAnI paramAtmA ke mukha se dharmopadeza sunane ko milA ! vaha nirakSarI bhASA me hotA thaa| mahAvIra lokakI nidhi the| manuSya hI nahIM pazu-pakSI taka unase jJAna pAne ke adhikArI the| phira vaha bhalA apane ko bhASA ke bandhana me kyoM bAMdhate ? una kA vizvavyApI-rUpa kisa taraha sImita ho jAtA ? isaliye vaha aise bole jaise prakRti kI dhvani ho, jise hara jIva samajha le| ise kahiye 'Atma-bhASA' (apanI bolI), jise pratyeka jIva ke liye samajhanA sugama hai / mAgadhadeva pratyeka jIva ko use samajhane dene meM sahAyaka hotA thaa| Aja bhI to vijJAna vettA aisA udyoga kara rahe haiM ki reDiyo sTezana se pracArita progrAma ko pratyeka rASTra aura varNa kA zrotA use apanI bolI me samajha le| 'dhvani vijJAna' ke sahAre aisA honA sabhava hI hai| kintu bha0

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( 266) mahAvIra kA jamAnA pArthivatA se pare thA-vaha AtmannAnI svAvalambI thA! isalie pratyeka AtmA kA samparka sAdhA AtmA se hotAthA-'antardhvani' ko kauna nahIM suna aura samajha sakatA hai ? mahAvIra muha se nahIM bolate the - unhe duniyAdArA kI bAteM karanI hI nahIM rI-vaha kAna se muMha lagAkara bAlata hI kyoM ? unakA nAtA kisI se nahIM thA aura thA saba se / 'Atmavatsarva bhateSu' kA sUtra unameM mRrtimAna huA thA jo vaha the vaha loka thA! antara kevala AtmavikAsa kA thA ! mahAvAra pUrNa vikasita jana-sUrya the unakA vyavahAra prAtmAmaI yA vaha duniyAM kI bAteM bolate hI kaise ? jo unake antara meM thA, vahI bAhara AyA yogasAdhanA kA phala unheM antaradhvani jAnata AtmAlhAda milA! unake samparka meM jo AyA, vaha bhI usakA rasa pA gayA ! phira bhalA kahiye, unake pAsa AtmajJAnamaI 'antaradhvani ke atirikta aura kyA sunane ko milatA ? ataeva jina AcAryoM ne tIrthakara kI vANI ko 'nirakSarI' likhA hai, vaha ThIka hai uparyukta apekSA se ! kintu jina dUsare AcAryoM ne use 'arddhamAgadhI-bhASA maI likhA hai, vaha mithyA nahIM haisahI hai| jinendra ko 'antaradhvani' vItarAga vijJAna kI paripATI-dharmatIrtha loga me calanA anivArya hai ! tIrthayAra ke gaNaghara isIlie hote haiM ki vaha jina mArga ko pravAhita rkkheN| ataH gaNavara mahArAja ke lie jinadharma ko jIvita rakhane ke uddezya se yaha zrAvanyaka hai ki vaha usa bhASA me jinendra kI vANI ko pratha baddha kara deM jisa bhASA ko sabase adhika manuSya samajha sakeM ! dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kahiye ki jina vANI ke pracAra kA mAdhyama 'arddha mAgadhI' bhApA rahI hai| ma. mahAvIra kA dharmopadeza manava deza meM huyA thA, jahA 'mAgadhI bhASA' vAlI jAtI thI paraMtu jinavANI samanna pArya-bhaya-lokayA dUsare zrAcAyA likhA hai, pATI-jAnanda ko

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( 267 ) uddhAra karane ke lie janmI thii| ataH use 'addha mAgadhI' bhASA kA rUpa diyA gayA, jise ki magadha prAnta ke atirikta anya dezoM aura prAntoM ke manuSya bhI samajha sakeM ! yaha arddhamAgadhI bhASA 'prAkRta bhASA' kA eka vizeSa rUpa hai aura jaina-Agama-graMtha isI bhASA meM race huye milate haiN| mAlama aisA hotA hai ki usa samaya isa bhASA ko sAre bhAratavarSa ke logoM ke atirikta bhAratavAhya videzoM ke loga bhI samajhate the / mauryakAla meM samrATa azoka ne apane dharmalekha pAlIprAkRta meM likhAye the aura unhe videzoM meM bhI pracalita kiyA thaa| jo ho, bha0 mahAvIra kI divya-vANI kA pracAra arddhamAgadhI-prAkRta meM kiyA gayA thA, jise adhikAMza loka samajhatA thaa| vaha mahAvIra vANI bAraha aGga graMthoM meM racI gaI thIbArahavAM 'dRSTivAda' nAmaka aGga caudaha 'pUrvagata' bhAgoM meM vibhakta thA / isaliye 'mahAvIra-vANI' gyAraha aGga aura caudaha pUrva saMyukta kahalAtI hai| yaha aGga sAhitya hai| isake atirikta aGga vAhya prakIrNaka sAhitya isI ke AdhAra se racA gayA hai| prAcInakAla me graMthoM ko smRti meM surakSita rakhane kI paripATI thii| lipikA pracAra thA avazya, paraMtu vinayabhAva ke bAhulya se usakA prayoga dharmazAstroM ko lipibaddha karane meM prAra: nahIM hotA thaa| isI anurUpa jaina Agama graMtha bhI RSi paGgavoM kI pavitra smRti me surakSita rahe / mahAvIra-vANI ke pUrNa jJAtA'zrutakevalI' mauryakAla taka jIvita rahe-bhadravAha svAmI antima zrutakevalI the ! uparAnta RSiyoM kI smRti jyoM jyoM kSINa hotI gaI tyoMtyoM Agama-graMtha bhI lapta hote gaye ! Aja mahAvIra* vANI kA bacA huA zatAMza hI milatA hai / vaha zeSAMza 'gAgara meM sAgara bhara dene' kI ukti caritArtha kara rahA hai| vahI hame mahAvIra svAmI ke divyopadeza kA bhAna karAtA hai / unake

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( 268 ) divyopadeza kA sAdhAraNa bhAva usase isa prakAra pragaTa hotA hai"samasta loka moha se andhA ho rahA hai / ve jIva dhanya hai~ jinhoMne tRSNArUpI viSavela ko jar3a se ukhAr3a kara dUra pheMka diyA hai / nAza yA patana athavA dukhoM kI ora bar3hate huye jIva kI rakSA karane meM na bhAryA samartha hai, na vandhuvarga samartha hai, koI bhI samartha nahIM hai / indriya viSaya eka bAra nahIM, aneka vAra sevana kiye haiM, parantu ina indriya viSayoM se kabhI tRpti nahIM hotI / jyoM jyoM unakA sevana karo tyoM tyoM vAsanA jagatI hai - tRpA bar3hatI hai| tRpA se dukhI huA jIva hita aura ahita ko nahIM pahacAnatA - vaha vivekahIna hotA hai aura saMsAra meM rulatA hai / use janma aura maraNa se koI nahIM bacA sakatA usake liye saMsAra dukharUpa hai / vaha yaha jAnatA hai - janma, jarA aura maraNake dukhoMko bhugatatA hai, parantu AtmabhrAti se kabhI prazama meM rata nahIM hotA !" "sAdhAraNa nIva zarIra ko hI ApA mAnane kI galatI karate haiM aura jisase zarIra ko ArAma mile, use acchA samajhate haiM-indriya vAsanA kI pUrti me unheM Ananda AtA hai, parantu aise indriya viSayagrasta logoM ke jIvana meM bhI aise avasara Ate haiM jinameM unheM apanI g2alatI kA bhAna unake hRdaya kI AvAja karAtI hai - ise cAhe 'parama' dhvani kahiye athavA viveka yA jramIra ! isa prakAra manuSya jIvana ke do pahalU haiM- (1) mithyA andhakAramaya, jisameM svArya aura indriyalipsA jaise nizAcaroM kA sAmrAjya hotA hai, (2) prakAzamaya jIvana, jo jJAnamaI hotA hai / tava dharma laukika aura pAramArthika rupa meM do taraha kA hai / pahalA dharma dUsare ko dRSTikoNa meM rakhakara calatA hai| jo vyakti isa dharma ko nahIM pahacAnatA vaha mithyA andhakAra meM - ThokareM khAtA hai / " ' pratyeka jJAnI dharmAtmA jAnatA aura mAnatA hai ki pratyeka

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( rahaha ) prANI ke zarIra mandira me divya jJAnamayI Atmadeva virAjamAna hai / ataeva pratyeka prANI ko apane samAna jAno aura kisI ko bhI pIr3A na pahu~cAo / na unhe mAro aura na parAdhIna canAo / " "jJAnI dharmAtmA yaha bhI jAnatA aura mAnatA hai ki pratyeka jIva svabhAva se paramAtmA rUpa hai / usameM ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, ananta vIrya aura ananta sukha rUpa guNa avyakta haiM / unakA prAMzika vikAsa chadamasthoM meM pratyakSa dIkhatA hai; jisase unakA pUrNatva pramANita hai / " " jaise yaha jIva karma karatA hai, vaise hI phala bhogatA hai aura apane karmoM ke anusAra hI deva, manuSya, tiryaJca aura narkagatiyoM meM sukha-dukha bhugatatA hai / " "yaha yAda rakhiye ki pratyeka jIva svayaM apane jIvana kA nirmAtA hai - vaha apane isa evaM bhAvI jIvana ko jaisA cAhe vaisA banA sakatA hai | vaha svabhAva se svAdhIna haiM / " "jaba yaha saMsArI jIva ratnatraya dharma kI ArAdhanA karake apane ko karma bandhana se chur3A letA hai taba use jJAna - cetanAjanita paramAtmabhAva (nija bhAva ) nasIba hotA hai / vaha mukta hotA hai / " "samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ho ratnatrayadharma hai aura yahI mokSa mArga hai| svAdhIna banane kA yahI rAstA hai / " "AdimA samyagdarzana kI AdhArazilA, samyagjJAna kA pUraka niyama para samparapAriyA prAya hai|" "jo suparI honA cAhate hai, unheM indriyoM kA nigraha karanA caahiye| jIvana kI AvasyakatAoM ko nImita banA kara parimAle cAhiye / saMgopI mahAmukhI kSetra hai"

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( 300 ) "apane meM dharmavRtti jAgRta karane ke lie manupya ko cAhie ki vaha saba jIvoM se maitrIbhAva rakkhe, guNavAn puruSoM ke prati pramodabhAva rakkhe, dukhI jIvoM ke prati dayAbhAva rakkhe aura jo drohI hoM unake prati udAsIna ho jAve!" ____ "hamezA yaha yAda rakkho ki nIva ke lie cAra bAteM atIva durlabha haiM / (1) manuSya jIvana (2) samyak dharma (3) samyak zraddhA aura (4) samyaka AcaraNa " ___ "yaha durlabha manuSya paryAya jaba anAyAsa milI hai, to ise vyartha na gaMvAnA cAhiye-dussaMgati meM par3a kara use naSTa nahIM karanA cAhiye, balki AtmavikAsa ke mArga meM agrasara honA caahie|" yaha linendra mahAvIra ke divyopadeza kA sAra hai| yaha sIdhA aura saccA sarvahitakara upadeza hai| isa meM na to jina bhagavAna ne AjJA kI hai aura na prArthanA / AjJA, prArthanA aura bhaya-yaha balAyeM unase dUra haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhrama meM par3a kara loga bhagavAna ke yathArtha upadeza ko samajhane meM g2alatI karate haiN| aise loga aizo ArAma ko hI manuSyatva samajha baiThate haiM aura saMyamI jIvana ko anAvazyaka mAnate haiN| kaI manuSyoM ne to ArAma ko hI mukti mAnA hai| paraMtu indriya vAsanA tRpti janita sAvArUpa kSaNika anabhava saccA sukha nahIM hai, yaha bhalakara ve loga nItianIti aura dharma adharma kI kakSAyeM banAte haiN| manuSyoM ko nAnA pralobhana dekara unheM sAsArika bandhanoM meM phaMsAte haiN| manuSya sAhasa aura viveka ko bhUla jAte haiN| ve vaise hI mAnavoM ke bIca meM utpanna huce aura vaisoM hI ke vicArarUpI anna se pale haiN| isaliye ve ina saMsAra-bandhanoM ko tor3ane meM Darate haiM ! vintu saMsAra varddhaka laukika nIti aura laukika dharma tor3aneusakA saMhAra karane aura padArthoM kA satya svarUpa batAkara logoM

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( 301 // ko krAntikArI sAhasI banAne ke lie hI jinabhagavAn kA upadeza hai / vaha pratyeka padArtha ko prakAza meM lAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki andhakAra me rahane vAle usa para yathAzakya prahAra karate haiM; paraMtu vaha jJAna-sUrya avicala prakAzita hI rahatA hai / asatya ke AvaraNa me satya kabhI bhI lupta nahIM hotA! yoga aura camatkAra kI bAte bhI logoM ko bahakAne kI cIje haiM / mAnava ke liye sArabhUta padArtha to mAtra usakA Atma svabhAva hai| mana-vacanakAya yogoM kI vidhivat pracalana kriyA aura unakI vijaya hI saccA yoga hai / vaha parama kalyANa kara Atma-sthiti jinendropadiSTa samyag zraddhA-jJAna aura cAritra kA pAlana karane se hI nasIba hotI hai| jinopadeza kA sAra yahI hai| mAnava samajhe aura Age

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zrI Rpabhadeva aura bha0 mahAvIra ! "svayambhuvA bhUtahitena bhUtale mvamaJjasajJAnavibhUticanupA / virAjita yena vidhunvatA tamaH kSapAkaraNeva guNotkaraiH kraiH|| -zrI smntbhdraacaary| ke upadeza vinAhI apane Apa mokSamArga ko jAnakara ananta catuSTayarUpa hone vAle tathA parama dayAla hone se prANiyoM ko mokSasukha ke prathama pradarzaka ataeva hitakAraka aura yathAvat (ThIka ThIka ) sampUrNa padArthoM ko sAkSAt karane vAlI jAnalakSmIrUpa netravAle aura samyandarzanAdi guNoM ke samUharUpa kiraNoM se jJAnAvaraNAdi karmAndhakAra ko harane vAle candramA ke samAna zrI AdinAtha (Rpabhadeva ) bhagavAn isa pRthvI para suzobhita huye " Rpabhadeva isa pRthvI para usa samaya avatIrNa huye nava yahA~ bhogabhUmi kA lopa ho gayA thA aura karmabhUmi kA samaya AyA thaa| taba logoM ke liye jIvana nirvAha ke vAste kartavya-pATha par3hanA Avazyaka ho gayA thaa| taba loga ati bhole the-mAnavajIvana kI prArambhika Avazyaka vAtoM se bhI anabhijJa the ! unheM eka pathapradarzaka netA kI AvazyakatA thI / bha0 RSabhadeva rUpa meM vaha netA unheM mila gyaa| vaha jagata ke Adi guru huyeArya sabhyatA aura saMskRti ko unhoMne hI pallavita kiyaa| RSabhadevajI ne hI manuSyoM ko unake dainika kRtya, asi, masi, kRSi Adi jIvanopayogI kalAcAturya aura zilpa Adi laukika

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( 303 ) kRtya vatalAye / manuSya ke pAralaukika hita ke liye unhoMne vastutatvamaya yathArtha Atmadharma kA svarUpa samajhAyA - yathArtha paramasukha pAne kA mArga batalAyA / ve svayaM usa dharma - mArga ke paryyaTaka vanakara jIvanmukta paramAtmA huye / isIliye jaina zAstroM me vaha isa kalpakAla meM dharmatIrtha ke saMsthApaka pahale tIrthaGkara kahe gaye haiM | tatvarUpame dharma unake pahale bhI vidyamAna thA, parantu apane samaya kI sthiti ke anusAra unhoMne usakA pratipAdana kiyA thA --- vaha dharma ke Adi saMsthApaka huye / RSabhadeva caudahaveM kulakara (manu) nAbhirAya ke putra theunakI mAtA marudevI thIM / vaha kSatriyoM ke ikSvAku vaMza ke Adi puruSa the / unake do vivAha huye the - yazasvatI aura sunandA unakI dharmapatniyA~ thIM / donoM hI viduSI mahilAratna thIM / yazasvatI ke bharata Adi putra aura brAhmIputrI janmIM thIM aura sunandA kI kokha se bAhubali nAmaka putra aura sundarI nAmaka kanyA kA janma huA thA / brAhmI aura sundarI ne hI pahalepahala tyAgamaya jIvana bitAyA thA - ve sAdhvI huI thI / unhoMne tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva ke nikaTa AryikA ke vrata dhAraNa kiye the aura deza-videza meM ghUmakara loka kA kalyANa kiyA thA / RSabhadeva ne sabase pahale apanI ina putriyoM ko hI svara - lipi aura gaNita kI zikSA dI thI / usa samaya bha0 mahAvIra kA jIva RSabhadeva jI kA pautra marIca thA / vaha bhI muni huA thA, parantu mArgabhRSTa hokara mithyA mata kA saMsthApaka banA thA yaha, likhA jA cukA hai / bharata loka ke pahale sArvabhauma samrAT - cakravartI huye the / apane zAsana kI sArvabhaumikatA - eka chatratA pragaTa karane ke liye vaha apane bhAI bAhubali se jajha par3e theparantu unakA yuddha ahiMsaka thA / bharata parAsta huye aura apamAna ko sahana na kara bhAI ke prANoM ke grAhaka bane ! bAhubali puNya

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(304) vAna the, unakA vAla bAMkA nahIM huaa| pratyata yaha ghaTanA unake vairAgya kA kAraNa vanI-unhoMne rAjya ko tilAJjali dI aura tapasyA karake mukta huye| dakSiNa bhAratake loga apane isa pahale samrATa kA Adara vizeSa karate haiN| uttara bhArata kI apekSA dakSiNa bhArata meM bAhubali kI vRhakAya mUrtiyA~ eka nahIM, kaI haiN| zravaNa velgola ( maisUra ) kI mUrti vizvavikhyAt haiN| RSabhadeva ne dharmopadeza dekara kailAzaparvata se mokSalakSmI pAI thii| hindU zAstroM meM Rpabhadeva ko AThavaoN avatAra likhA hai| lipikauzala aura brahmavidyA ke udbhAvanake kAraNa hI hinduoM ne unakI ginatI avatAroM meM kI, pratIta hotI hai| brahmavidyA aura brAhmI lipi RSabhadeva se hI loka ko milI-mAnava saMskRti ke surakSaNa ke ye apUrva sAdhana the| 'bhAgavata' meM likhA hai ki 'janma lete hI RSabhadeva ke aga meM satra bhagavata lakSaNa jhalakate, the| sarvatra samatA, upazama, vairAgya, aizvarya aura mahaizvarya se unakA prabhAva bar3hA thA / vaha svayaM teja, prabhAva, zakti, utsAha kAnti aura yaza prabhati guNa se sarvapradhAna bane the / RSabhadeva ne apane jyeSThapatra bharata ko rAja sauMpa paramahasa dharma sIkhane ke liye sasAra tyAga kiyA thaa| unhoMne batAyA thA ki 'indriya kI tRpti hI pApa hai| karma svabhAva mana hI zarIra ke vandha kA kAraNa vana jAtA hai| strI-puruSa milane se paraspara ke prati eka prakAra kA premAkarSaNa hotA hai| usI AkarSaNa se mahAmoha kA janma hai| kintu usa AkarSaNa ke Talane aura mana ke nivRtti patha para calane se saMsAra kA ahaGkAra jAtA tathA mAnava paramapada pAtA hai| 'bhAgavata' meM likhate haiM ki RSabhadeva svayaM bhagavAn aura kaivalyapati Thaharate haiN| yogacaryA unakA AcaraNa aura prAnanda unakA svarUpa hai| (14,5,6 a0) 2 hindI vizva koSa, mA. 3 10 414 -

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( 305 ) 'Rgveda' - 1'varAha purANa' 2 -- ' agnipurANa' 3 Adi graMthoM meM bhI RSabhadeva kA ullekha hai / unakA apara nAma vRSabha thA / loga unheM AdinAtha bhI kahate the / vauddhagraMthoM me bhI RSabhadeva hI jainadharma ke saMsthApaka kahe gaye haiM / DA0 sTIvensana sA0 hindU purANoM me varNita RSabhadeva ko jainiyoM ke prathama tIrthaGkara batAte | DA0 phuharara ne mathurA ke stUpakA adhyayana karake nizcaya kiyA hai ki eka ati prAcIna samaya me zrI RSabhadeva ko arcana Adi arpita kiye gaye the / 5 sva0 zrI rAmaprasAdajI caMdA ne siMdhu upatyakA se prApta mUrtiyoM ko tIrthakara RSabha ke samAna hI batalAyA thA / 6 ataH pAThaka svayaM samajha sakate hai ki tIrthaGkara RSabhadevajI kA samaya kitanA prAcIna hai / vaha rAmacandrajI se bhI bahuta pahale Arya sabhyatA ke aruNodaya me huye the / unake bAda vAIsa tIrthaGkara bha0 mahAvIra se pahale huye the / rAmacandrajI 20 veM tIrthaGkara ke samaya meM huye the / isa prakAra pAThakagaNa, dekhe ki RSabhadeva jI bha0 mahAvIra 1 RSabhaM mAsamAnAnAM saparanAnAM viSAsahim / ityAdi* Rgveda mAmA 24 2. 'tasya bharatasya pitA RSabhaH, hemAdra e dakSiNaM varSe mahadbhArata nAma zazasa // ' ityAdi - 3. RSabho marudevyAbja RSabhAdbharato'bhavat / bharatAdbhArata varSe bharatAtsumItastvabhUt // ' agni pu0 4. Stevenson, Kalpasutra, Intro. 1 bhama pR0 21 ' 1 6. The standing deity figured on seals 3 to 5 (P]. II) with a bull in the foreground may be the proto-type of Rishabha. -- The Modern Review, August 1932. 1 - 8

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( 306 ) se bahuta hI pahale ho cake the| kintu bha. mahAvIra ke jIvana prasaMga me unakA jikra karanA isaliye Avazyaka hai ki kucha loga bha0 mahAvIra ko hI jainadharmakA Adi praNetA samajhate haiM, parantu yaha galata hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne jainadharma kA punaH pracAra aura uddhAra kiyA avazya, kintu jainadharma kI sthApanA kA zreya RSabhadeva ko hI prApta hai| vaha jainadharma ke isa yugakAlIna saMsthApaka the| kintu RSabhadevajI aura mahAvIrajI ke mata prAya' eka samAna the-donoM ne hI chedopasthApanA cAritra kA vidhAna jainasapake liye kiyA thA / 2 arthAt pratyeka vratAcAra pathaka-pRthaka aura vizada rUpa meM vatAyA thA / sambhava hai unakI pratipAdana zailI samaya ke anusAra bhinnarUpa rahI ho / yaha to spaSTa hI hai ki tIrthakara Rpabhadeva ko gRha thAvasthA meM samAja vyavasthA kI racanA bhI karanI par3I thii| unhoMne svaya gRhasthAcAra aura dAmpatya jIvana kA Adarza loka ke sAmane rakkhA thA / bha0 mahAvIra ko isakI AvazyakatA nahIM thI-unake samayameM zIladharma kI chIchAledara ho rahI thI--tyAgIjana bhI bhoga se alipta na the| isaliye mahAvIra ne bhoga ko dhatA batAyA--bAla brahmacArI raha kara yoga kA Adarza upasthita kiyA ! caRpabha aura mahAvIra apane-apane samaya ke anUThe mahApurupa the| 1. 'yamadevajI huye jinase jainamata pragaTa huaaa|'-bhaassaa mAgavata kI sukhasAgara TIkA, skaMdha 510 6 pR. 304 / 'jainadharma kA pracAra RpamadevajI ne kiyA thA, isakI puSTi ke pramANoM kA prabhAva nahIM hai|'-dhii varadakAnta musyopAdhyAya, ema. e. vizeSa ke lie "Jain Antiquary" ( Vol. 1 No 2 ) meM hamArA "The Founder of Jainisim" nAmaka lekha dekho| 2. mUlAcAra /

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(33) tIrthaGkara ariSTanemi aura bha0 pArzvanAtha ! "harivaMza keturanavadyavinayadama tIrthanAyakaH / zIlajaladhirabhavo vibhavastvamariSTanemijinakuJjaro'jaraH // " -zrI samantabhadrAcArya / ___"harivaMzake ketu, paMca vinayoM ke pAlaka, paMcendriya vijayI, tIrthanAyaka zIladharma jalanidhi, abhava, ajara, jinoM me hAthI ke sahaza pradhAna Adi vizeSaNoM sahita zrI ariSTanemi tIrthaGkara huye!" . . nArAyaNa kRSNa ne jisa harivaMza athavA yaduvaMza ko suzobhita kiyA thA, usI vaMza ke ratna zrI ariSTanemi the| vaha zaurIpura meM rAjA samudravijaya ke yahA~ janme the / unakI mAtA zivAdevI thIM / jarAsiMdhu ke sAtha java yAdavoM kA yuddha huA thA, taba usame ariSTanemi bhI yAdavasenA ke sAtha lar3e aura vijayI huye the| Akhira yAdava kSatriya mathurA aura zaurIpura ko chor3akara dvArikAme jA base the| ariSTanemi bhI vahA~ hI gaye the| vaha zrIkRSNa ke cacere bhAI the| sadAcAra aura zaurya me vaha saba yAdavoM se bar3e car3he the| unakI mahAn vijaya to vaha thI jaba vaha vivAha maDapa se muMha mor3a kara girinAra ke sahasrAmravana meM tapa tapane cale gaye the| rasabharI ramaNI ke mohapAza ko jItanA sugama nahIM-ariSTanemi ko sahaja hI ramaNI ratna mila rahA thaa| kintu loka ko vizvaprema kA pATha sikhAne ke liye unhoMne use tyAga diyaa| ariSTanemi dUlhA bane-- unakI vArAta car3hI-- rAjA ugrasena kI lAr3alI rAjamatI apanI saundarya-rAzi una para luTA dene ke liye taiyAra huI--parantu ariSTanemi toraNadvAra se hI ratha mor3a kara calate bane / kyoM ? unhoMne dekhA bahutase pazu

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bAr3e me banda humA kI mahimAnadArI ise sahana na ( 308 ) bAr3e me vanda huye vilavilA rahe haiN| sArathI se yaha jAnakara ki ve pazu AgantukoM kI mahimAnadArI meM kAma AyeMge-AmiSa bhojana unhIM kA banegA / ariSTanemi ise sahana na kara sake-- pazuoM ko unhoMne baMdhanamukta kiyA aura svayaM lokazikSaka banane kI yogyatA pAne ke liye girigiranAra kI zikhara para sAdhanA meM lIna ho gaye / rAjamatI ne cAhA, vaha vApasa ghara lauTa caleM, parantu prabha nemi ko lokakA kalyANa karanA thaa| loka ko dhUtasurA aura mAsake viSele-paripAka se bacAnA thaa| yadhiSThira ke samAna satyopAsaka dya tavyasana meM phasakara apanA sarvasva kho rahe the-mahilAoM kI pratiSTA lUTI jA rahI thI--jivhAlampaTatA kI pUrti ke liye niraparAdha pazu-pakSiyoM ke prANa ghoTe jA rahe the! yaha karuNa-dRzya ariSTanemi ke yuvaka hRdaya ko macalA dene ke liye kAphI thA ! unakA hRdaya tar3apA-pazuoM kA mUka bhAtanAda unake dila meM baiThA / unhoMne ghora tapasyA kI aura kaivalyapada pAyA / girinAra se unhoMne apanA dharmopadeza prArambha kiyAzrIkRSNa sahaza yAdava unake bhakta the| loka vihAra karake unhoMne ahiMsA dharma kA pracAra kiyA aura girinAra se hI mukta huye / brAhmaNoM ke 'yajarveda' a06 mantra 25 meM sambhavataH inhIM tIrthakara ariSTanemi kA ullekha hai-vaha neminAtha jI ke nAmase bhI prasiddha the| usa maMtrame inakA svarUpa nimna prakAra varNita hai"vAjasyanu prasaca AvabhUvemAca vizvabhuvanAni sarvataH / sa nemirAjA pariyAtti vidvAn prajAM puSTi vardhayamAno // " -asmai svAhA / 'arthAta-(svAhA ) yaha arcana una (asmai) prabha nemi (22) veM tIrthakara ? ko ( samarpita hai, jo) (rAjA) kevalajJAna Adi ke prama (ca) aura (vidvAn) sarvajJa (haiM) (sa)

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( 306 ) jinhoMne varNita kiyA hai (AvabhUva ) usakA yathArtha rUpame (sarvataH ) aura jJAnake pratyeka yogya sAmaJjasya ke sAtha (vAjasya jo (jJAna) eka vyakti ke AtmA kA hai (vizvabhuvanAni') isa loka ke pratyeka jIvadhArI ko aura (unake hitaiSI upadeza se) (puSTi) AtmajJAna kI zakti (nu ) tatkSaNa ( vardhayamAno ) bar3hatI hai (prajA ) jIvoM meM ' ___'yajurveda' kA yaha varNana bha0 ariSTanemi kI jIvana caryA se ThIka baiThatA hai aura unake mahAn vyaktitva kA poSaka hai / jaba zrIkRSNa jI kI mahAnatA me hameM vizvAsa hai to koI kAraNa nahIM ki hama zrI ariSTanemi ke vyaktitva meM zaGkA kreN| Adhunika vidvAn unako eka aitihAsika puruSa mAnate hai / janasAdhAraNa me unakI prasiddhi jaina gurU ke rUpameM hai-loga kahate haiM ki jainI bAbA neminAtha ko pUjate haiM-unhoMne jainadharma calAyA; parantu yaha likhA jA cukA hai ki isa yuga meM jainadharma kI sthApanA tIrthakara RSabhadeva ne kI thii| bha0 mahAvIra se bha0 ariSTanemi kA koI sIdhA sambandha pragaTa nahIM hotA / yaha avazya hai ki ariSTanemijI ke samaya kI janatA jyAdA bahakI huI haThIlI nahIM thI-vaha bholI aura zraddhAla thI / jo purAtana prathA use pracalita digambara bama vizerpAka vIra saM0 2473 1. "pAzvanAtha jI se pahale bAIsaveM tIrthakara zrI neminAtha svAmI bha0 zrIkRSNa ke samparka mAtA the|""m* zrIkRSNa ko yadi hama aitihAsika puruSa mAnate haiM to hameM balAt unake sAtha hone vAle 22 veM tIrthaMkara zrI neminAtha ko bhI aitihAsika puruSa mAnanA pdd'egaa|" -zrI nagendranAtha vasu, prAcyavidyA mahArNava ityAdi DaoN. phaharara ne 'ipIya phiyA iMTikA' ( bhA0 1 10 359 ) meM bhaura DaoN. TaoNmasa ne 'mirevina patriya knsa va iNDiyA' kI bhUmikA meM yahI pragara kiyA hai|

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( 310 ) milI, unhIM ko usane apnaayaa| jainazAstroM se spaSTa hai ki bIsaveM tIrthaMkara munisatratanAtha ke tIrtha se brAhmaNa vaidika RSigaNa ahiMsA mAge se bhaTaka gaye the unheM surA aura mAMsakA caskA par3a gayA thA, isaliye unhoMne vedoM me unakA vidhAna karake apanI rasanA-tRmi kA sAdhana juTA liyA thA / surA aura mAMsa kA pracAra Aye janatA meM saba huA thA / bha0 ariSTanemi ne isa kuprathA ke viruddha pracAra kiyA logoM ko andha anukaraNa se jagAyA- unhe jJAta netra diyA-ahiMsA kA pracAra huA avazya, parantu vaha pratikriyA itanI balavatI siddha na huI ki ahiMsA kA sAmrAjya sthApita kara detI ! cAvalkyake nikaTa Atma-kAma ( Self-love ) mukhya thA / vaha kahate the ki tyAga avasthA meM bhI strI, putra, dhana, sampatti Adi bhogopabhoga kI vastuoM ko ekatrita karanA burA nahIM hai |r jahaoNisa prakAra kA pracAra ho, vahA~ ahiMsA aura saMyamake liye kahA~ guJjAisa ? phira bhI ariSTanemijI apane pracAra meM saphala huye| unake samayakebhole jIva jaldI sanmArga para Agaye / isaliye hI unhoMne sAmAyika cAritra kA pratipAdana kiyA- bha0 mahAvIra ke samAna chedopasthApanA cAritra-bheda prabhedarUpa vratAcAra ke varNana kA upadeza unheM nahIM denA pdd'aa| haoN, jisa ahiMsA dharma ke bhavya prAsAda kA nIvAropaNa ariSTanemi jI ne kiyA, use tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha ke pazcAt bha0 mahAvIra ne hI U~cA phhraayaa| 1. harivaMza purANa meM nArada-parvata saMvAda dekho| 2. e hisTrI prAva prabuddha 0 iNDiyana philAsaphI, pR. 153.180 3. yAvIsaM vityayarA sAmAharSa saMjamaM uvadisaMti / dedovadyAvaNiya puNa bhayavaM Tasaho ya dhIro ya / / 7-32 // - -mUlAcAra

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( 311 ) Stamp 1 bha0 pArzvanAtha tevIsave tIrthaGkara the aura vaha bha0 mahAvIra se DhAI sau varSa pahale huye the |1 vanArasa ke rAjA azvasena aura rAnI vAmA ke vaha suputra the / unhoMne bhI bha0 zrariSTanemi kA anusaraNa kiyA thA - unhIM ke samAna vaha bhI kaumArAvasthA meM hI gRhatyAgI huye the-- bAla brahmacArI rahakara unhoMne yoga kI utkRSTatA ko prApta karake sarvajJa pada pAyA thA / kamaTha- saddaza haThayogiyoM ke bhrama ko unhoMne jJAna-dAna dekara miTAyA thAjanatA ahiMsA kI oTa meM hiMsA kA anubhava kara rahI thI ! bha0 pArzvanAtha ne use miTAne kA udyoga kiyA / unhoMne apanA eka sAdhusava alaga sthApita kiyA usame bha0 mahAvIra ke saMgha se yaha vizeSatA rakkhI ki cAritra niyamoM ko saiddhAntikasAce meM nahIM DhAlA / sIdhe sAde bhaktoM ko tarka kI AvazyakatA hI kyA thI ? kintu isakA artha yaha nahIM hotA ki bha0 pArzvanAtha tarkajJAna se achUte the - unhoMne koI siddhAnta prarUpA hI nahIM ! tatkAlIna dhArmika sthiti unake dharmake saiddhAntika rupako prakaTa kara detI hai / 2 haoN, yaha mAnyatA galata pramANita hotI hai ki bha0 pArzvanAtha ne apane sAdhu-ziSyoM ko vastra pahanane kI AjJA de dI thI aura ahiMsA acaurya-satya aura aparigraha rUpa cAra vratoM kA vidhAna kiyA thA / vastutaH unhoMne vratoM ke bheda nirUpe hI nahIM - sAmAyika cAritra vidhAna me unake bhedopabheda rUpa kathana karane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM thI / unhoMne ahiMsAvrata kA pratipAdana kiyA aura usI me sabhI vratoM kA samAveza kara diyA / isaliye bha0 mahAvIra ne unake batAye huye cAra vratoM pAzrvesa tIrthasantAne paMcazadadvizatAbdake / 1 1. tadabhyantara varSA mahAvIrot jAnavAtra / / 276 / / " 2. dekho bhagavAn pArzvanAtha pR0 478-476 t - - uttara purAva

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( 312 ) meM eka zIlavata nahIM bar3hAyA, balki unhoMne ahiMsAvata kA vivecana bhedopabhedarUpa meM karake usake pAca rupa (1) ahiMsA, (2) satya, (3) brahmacarya, (4) acaurya aura (5) aparigraha vatAye / mUlata' bhAva rUpeNa iname antara kucha bhI na thaa| kintu zvetAmvarIya zAstroM me savastra sAdhutA ko prAcInatAkA raMga dene ke liye ukta prakAra ke antara donoM tIrthaMkaroM ke matoM meM batAye gae haiN| digambara mAnyatA isake viparIta hai| yaha ho bhI nahIM sakatA baddhi ise svIkAra nahIM karatI ki jaba savatra dazA se hI mukti pAnA sulabha thA, taba koI kaise nagna rahane kI ghora parISaha sahana karatA? bha0 mahAvIra usakA nirUpaNa hI kyoM karate? dharma vijJAna meM kAma kI sUkSma gati ko jItanA paramAvazyaka batAyA hai--nagnatA isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki sAdhaka ne lannA aura vAsanA ko jIta liyA hai-usako indriyaudreka kisI bhI dazAme nahIM hotaa| zvetAmbaragraMtha 'AcArAgasUtra' me isI kAraNa nagna vepa ko hI sarvocca zramaNadazA batAI hai| ma0 gautamabuddha ke pahale se hI nagna veSa sAdhutA kA cinha mAnA jAtA thaa| savastra vAnaprastha sanyAsiyoM ke atirikta nanna zramaNa sampradAya pathaka vidyamAn thA / ata. yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki bha0 mahAvIra ne hI pahale pahala nagnatA ko sAdhupada ke liye zrAvazyaka ThaharAyA aura svayaM nagna rahe / dharmavijJAna hI usakI AvazyakatA ko nirUpatA hai-antara bAhara, saba ora se mumukSu ko parigraha rahita naMgA rahanA ucita hai / jainetara sAhitya bhI 1. jainasUtra (S. B. E.) mA7 : pR0 55-56 2 iNDiyana eNTokarI, bhA0 6 pR0 162

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( 313 ) digambara mAnyatA kA poSaka hai / ataH yaha mAnanA ThIka hai ki bha0 pArzvanAtha nagnaveSame rahe the aura unake sAdhu ziSya bhI nagna rahate the| bauddhagraMtha 'mahAvagga' me aise 'titthiya' zramaNoM kA ullekha hai jo nagna rahate the| yaha zramaNa bha0 mahAvIra se pahale ke jaina sAdhu the2 / sacamuca bha0 mahAvIra aura bha0 pArzvanAthadonoM hI digambara veSa me rahe the-mokSa pAne ke liye bAhya liGga digamvaratva hai- yaha dharma vijJAna kA siddhAnta hai| pratyeka tIrthakara aura muni isa digambara bheSa me rahatA hai / ava rahI vAta cAra vratoM kI, so yaha zvetAmbara mAnyatA bhI tathyapUrNa pratIta nahIM hotii| mAlUma aisA hotA hai ki prAcIna bauddha zAstroM me pratyeka dharma pravartaka kI sAdhutA kI dyotaka cAra bAtoM kA vidhAna dekhakara bha0 pArzvanAtha ke viSaya me vaisA hI vidhAna kara diyA gayA, kintu bauddhagraMtha me 'cAturyAm saMvara' kA bhAva cAra vratoM se nahIM hai, balki usame bha0 mahAvIra kI sAdhutA ko batAne ke ... Rgveda 101136; dharAhamihirasaMhitA 1661 va 4158, mahA bhArata 3126-27, divyAvadAna pR. 161, jAtakamAlA bhA0 / pR. 145, vizAkhA vastha dhammapadastha-kathA, bhAga , khaMDa2 pR0 384; DAyalAgsa prAva buddha 3,14, mahAvagga 82, 331,38 / 16; bullavagga 4,28,3, saMyuttanikAya 2,3,10,7 bhAratIya purAtatva se bhI jainasaMgha meM digambarasva kI mAnyatA spaSTa hai / mohana-jo dahoM se prApta 1000 varSa pahale kI jainiyoM sadRza mUrtiyAM nagna haiM / usa para saba hI prAcIna jina pratimAyeM nagna milatI haiM-zve0 mAnyatA kI mUrtiyAM mI pahale nagna hotI thiiN| vizeSake liye hamArA aMgrejI lekha 'iNDiyana airTIkarI' 1926-3. aura 'pro0 kAne abhinandama anya' (Prof. Kane) meM dekho| 2. bha. mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha ( sUrata ) pa0 237.238

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( 314) lie unakI sAdhanA ke cAra niyamoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| vaha bha0 pArzvanAtha ke cAra niyama kaise ho sakate haiM ? isa prakAra zvetAmbara zAstroM kI yaha mAnyatA nirAdhAra hai| isake AdhAra se zve. apane ko prAcIna pAvasaMgha se uddha ta sidva nahIM kara sakate / pArzvasaMgha ke sAdhugaNa uparAnta svataH vIra sagha meM sammilita ho gaye the! kinhIM vidvAnoM kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki bha0 mahAvIra apane pitRgaNa ke anukRla bha0 pArzvanAtha ke bhakta the aura gRhatyAga kara vaha pArzvasaMgha meM sammilita hue the, paraMtu samUce jaina sAhitya me aisI sAnI upalabdha nahIM hai jisase yaha bAta siddha ho / sapa hI jaina graMthoM meM yahI likhA hai ki tIrthaGkara svayabuddha hote haiM-vaha apanA mArga Apa banAte haiM aura samayAnukUla tIrtha kI sthApanA karate haiM / bha0 mahAvIra ne bhI yahI kiyA thaa| vaha kimI bhI sampradAyake saghameM sammilita nahIM huye the| logo kI yaha bhI vAraNA hai ki bha0 pArzvanAtha hI jainadharma. ke saMsthApaka hai, parantu pAThaka par3ha cuke haiM ki jainadharma ke masthApaka isa kAla meM bha0 Rpabhadeva the| ataH pArzva cA gaura kisI tIyakara ko jainadharma kA sasthApaka kahanA mithyA hai / jainiyA kI cavIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI mAnyatA prAcIna hai. jinameM pahala bha0 Rpabhadeva aura sarva antima bha0 mahAvIra the| 1. ma0 mahAvIra caura ma0 buda, pR0 223-227 __ aura bha. pAzrdhanAya, pR0 218-25 // S

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(34) bha0 mahAvIra aura bhAratIya darzana / "Yea! His ( Jina Mahavira's ) religion is only true one upon earth, -the primitive faith of all mankind." --Rev. J. A. Dubois. tatvarUpena dharma-siddhAnta ke do rUpa nahIM ho sakate- vastu kA svabhAva ( Nature ) badalatA nahIM hai| vAhya kAraNoM aura sambandhoM kI apekSA usakA pratibhASa anyathA honA sambhava hai, parantu yaha alpajJatA kA doSa hai / isa hASTidoSa ke kAraNa hI loka me aneka mata-matAntara dikhate hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne unake samanvaya ke liye anekAnta siddhAnta prarUpA hai| __ kahIM-kahIM yaha mata phailA huA hai ki samasta bhAratIya darzana vedoM se nikale hai, kintu yaha mata nirdhAnta nahIM hai / jainadarzana to vedoM se bhI prAcIna honA sambhava hai, kyoMki usame aNusiddhAnta ( Atomic Theory ) aura karmasiddhAnta kA varNana maulika aura ati prAcIna ( Primitive) hai / karma siddhAnta me vyavahRta pAribhASika zabda ( Technical Terms) jaise Azrava-baMdha-saMvara-nirjarAdi jainadarzana meM hI zabdArtha me vyavahRta huye milate haiM-anyatra unakA sadbhAva nahIM hai / 2 AvAgamana siddhAnta kI maulikatA karmasiddhAnta para avalambita hai-vedoM meM AvAgamana siddhAnta mAnya hai, parantu uname karma siddhAnta nagaNya hai| ataH yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki jainadarzana kA udbhava vedoM se huA hai, athavA jainadharma vaidika dharma kI zAkhA hai / vaidikadharma 1. ERE, Vol. II pp. 199-200 2. IsAiklopeDiyA di rilIjana eTa Ithiksa, bhA0 050 472 - -

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( 316 ) IzvarakatRtva aura kriyAkANDa pradhAna hai, jainadharma kartRtvavAdI vaijJAnika mata hai - vaha eka svAdhIna dharma hai | isIliye sva0 huvoi sA0 ke zabdoM meM jainadharma hI bhUmaNDala para eka saccA aura manuSyoM kA Adi dharma hai / isa satyadharma kA sarva antima upadeza bha0 mahAvIra ne diyA thA / unake siddhAntoM kI tulanA bhAratIya darzanoM se karake Aiye pAThaka yaha dekhiye ki unakA paraspara sambandha kyA hai ? bhAratIya darzanoM meM vedAnta kI gaNanA pramukha hai / vedAnta darzana dRzyarUpa jagata aura usake darzakako eka mAnatA hai / vaha kahatA hai, 'brahmarUpa jagata hai - vaha brahmase utpanna huA aura brahmameM hI laya ho jAvegA / 2 brahma se janma, sthiti, nAza ( janmAdyasya yata iti 22 ) hotA hai / brahma nitya haiM - sarvajJa hai - sarvavyApI haisadA tRpta hai, zuddhabuddha mukta svabhAva hai' - vijJAnamaI- AnandamaI hai | kintu bha0 mahAvIra ne batAyA hai ki muktAtmA paramabrahma karttA aura jagatase bhinna hai / nitya aura tRpta brahmase koI kArya nahIM ho sakatA aura ho bhI, to dvaitarUpa - zubhAzubharUpa nahIM ho sakatA / Anandamaya brahma me yaha bhAva kahA~ se Ave ki vaha anekarUpa ho jAve ? do bhinna vastu hone se hI vadha aura mukti bana sakatI hai - eka zuddha brahma meM yaha kaise sambhava ho ? ekAnta rUpa yaha mAnyatA nayoM kI anabhijJatA kA pariNAma hai / jIvAtmA zuddha nizcayanaya se zuddha-buddha trahma hai / svabhAva se sasArI aura 1. " jainadharma sarvathA svatantra hai / merA vizvAsa hai ki vaha kisI kA anukaraNa rUpa nahIM hai / " - pro0 jaikoSI 2. vyAsakRta 'vedAnta darpaNa' dekho, pR0 30 3. 'mityasmarSaza spayaMgato nitya tRpta zuddha buddha muktastrabhAvA vijJAnamAnanda jhA | 'vedAnta darpaNa

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( 317 ) muktAtmA donoM eka samAna haiM; parantu itane para bhI yaha bheda tovyavahAra naya ke viSaya ko to, dRSTi meM rakhanA hI hogA ki dehI AtmA-saMsArI jIva zuddha brahma rUpa hote huye bhI usase bhinna azuddha hai| isaliye usakA saMsAra aura vaha eka nahIM ho skte| nizcayAdinayoM se vedAnta kI mAnyatAoM ko dekhA jAye to samanvaya ho jAtA hai| mAyAdRSTi hI saMsAra lipta brahma ko zuddha brahma se pRthaka bhedita nahIM hone detI aura yaha avidyA hai jo brahma ko pRthaka-pathaka vyaktirUpa me pradarzita karatI hai| vyaktirUpa brahma ho to apanA saMsAra banAtA hai, isaliye hI brahmamaya saMsAra hai| varan cetana aura acetana eka kaise hoveM ? tatvarUpeNa brahma zuddhabuddha avazya hai / vedAnta ko yadi isa prakAra samajhA jAya to bha0 mahAvIra ke siddhAnta se usakA samanvaya ho sakatA hai| ____ sAMkhya darzana ke do rUpa milate haiM / kapila RSi ne nirIzvaravAdI sAMkhya mata kA pratipAdana kiyA thaa| vaha AtmA ko 'puruSa' kahate haiM aura use akatto evaM nirlepa batAte hue phala kA bhoktA batAte haiN| (akarturapi phalopabhogo annAdi vt)| pudgala ( Matter ) 'prakRti' nAmase ullikhita hai, jisakA vikAra ahaMkAra hai| yaha ahaMkAra hI kartA hai-AtmA kartA nahIM hai / itanA hI nahIM, kapila yaha bhI mAnate haiM ki AtmA meM Ananda dharma nahIM hai isaliye Ananda rUpa mokSa nahIM hai| yahA~ bhI naya-vAda ke ajJAna ne gar3abar3a macA dI hai| nizcayanayAnusAra athavA zuddharUpeNa AtmA akartA aura nirlepa hai; parantu vyavahAra naya kI apekSA,vaha azuddha hai-pudgala se usakA anAdi sambandha hai| puruSa aura prakRti ke mela se hI ahaMkAra utpanna .. 'mahaMkAraH kartA na puruSaH // 24 ||6-saaNkhy darzana 'nAnandabhi vyaki mukti nidharmasvAt // 74 // 5 // sA darzana -

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( 318 ) huA hai, jo jIva kA vaibhAvika svabhAva kahA jA sakatA hai ! zuddha padgalame ahakArAdi doSa nahIM milte| isaliye azuddha jIva kartA aura phala kA bhoktA hai| vaha AnandarUpa hai, yaha mAnava kA dainika anubhava batAtA hai| pAtaJjali-mAnya sAMkhya sezvaravAdI hai| vaha Izvara ko kleza, karma, vipAka, Azaya se aspRSTa mAnate hai aura kahate haiM ki Izvara svecchA se nirmita zarIra meM adhiSTAna karake laukika aura vaidika sampradAya kI vartanA karatA hai evaM saMsAra rUpa aGgAra se taptAyamAna prANIgaNa ke prati anugraha vitaraNa karatA hai| AtmA ko yaha bhI apariNAmI mAnate haiM / kintu jo zuddha rUpa Izvara Azaya rahita hai usameM zarIra dhArakara kRpA karane kA bhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai| zarIra to azuddha jIva anAdi se dhAraNa karatA AyA hai aura vaha svayaM hI sukha dukha bhogatA, karma karatA aura karma se mukta bhI hotA hai / haoN, zuddha nizcaya STi se vaha zuddha-buddha parama brahma hI hai| naiyAyika aura vaizeSika-yaha donoM darzana prAya. eka samAna haiM / unakI mAnyatA hai ki yaha nantu ajJAnI hai / inakA sukhadukha svAdhInatA rahita hai-ve Izvara kI preraNA se svarga yA narka meM nAte haiM / muktiprApta jIva va vidyA ke Izvara zivarUpa haiM, tathApi paramezvara ke vaza haiM-ve svatantra nahIM haiN|r jagata jIvoM kA 1. 'paramezvaraH kleza karma vipAkAzayaraparAmRSThaH puruSaH svecchayA nirmANa kAyamadhikAya laukika vaidika sampradAya pravartakaH saMsArAM2. ajJo jantura nIzo'pamAtmanaH sukha duHkhayoH / IzvaraH prerito gacchet svarge vA zvanameva vA // 6 // mukAsmAnAM vidyazvarAdInAJca vayapi ziva svamasti tathApi paramezvara pAratandhyAtvAtaMtryaM naasti| -sarvadarzana saMgraha, pR0 134-135

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( 316 ) sukhadukha eka hada taka avazya svAdhIna nahIM hai, kyoMki pUrva karmavandha kA pariNAma vinA bhoge nahIM miTatA hai / kintu yaha kahanA ki zuddha-buddha Izvara kI preraNA se vaha svarga aura narka jAte haiM yuktiyukta nahIM / sAmAnya puruSa bhI apane bAlakoM ko duSkarma nahIM karane detA, to sAre jaga kA pAlaka Izvara kaise apane AdhIna jIvoM ko duSpravRtti karane degA ? yahA~ naya-pramANa kI ajJAnatA bhramotpAdaka banI huI hai| isameM sandeha nahIM ki AtmA zuddha rUpa me Izvaratulya hai aura vahI anAdi se padgagala sasarga meM par3I saMmRti ke cakkara lagA rahI hai isalie vahI kartA aura phaladAtA hai| usake atirikta aura koI paramezvara nahIM hai / muktAtmA pUrNa svAdhIna hai| mImAMsAdarzana yadyapi Izvara kI sattA nahIM mAnatA hai, parantu vaha zabda aura veda ko anAdi apauruSeya mAnatA hai usake matAnusAra yajJAdi karma karanA hI dharma hai| jJAnapravAha rUpame avazya anAdi hai; parantu zabda ko apauruSeya nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki zavda padgala (Matter ) kA vikAra hai| isaliye vaha hoTha tAla Adi se bole jAte haiM, jisase unakI utpatti puruSa ke AdhIna ThaharatI hai / sarvajJa jIvanmukta paramAtmA se hI vaha jJAna prakAzamAna hotA hai isIliye vaha 'ati' hai| nissandeha sazarIrI paramAtmA sAmAnya puruSa nahIM hote| yadi isaliye unhe apuruSa kahA jAya to kiMcit ThIka bhI hai-vaha viziSTa vijJAnI puruSAtIta mahApuruSa haiM / ina mahApuruSa ke batAye huye dharma kA anukaraNa karanA zreya hai / mUla me RgvedAdi unhIM ke batAye huye dharma siddhAnta kA pratipAdana alaMkRta bhASA me karate the-uname pazuyajJAdi hiMsAkarma karane kA vidhAna nahIM 1. vedasya bhapauruSeyatayA nirasta samasta zaMkA kalakArasvena svataH siddham / -sarvadarzana saMgraha pR0 218 -

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( 320 ) thA / mUla mImAMsakoM kI mAnyatA aisI hI ho, to Azcarya kyA / bauddha darzana bhI Izvara ko jagatakartA nahIM mAnatA, parantu vaha sat padArthoM ko kSaNabhaMgura batAtA hai--1 saMsAra meM koI padArtha nitya nahIM hai | kintu yaha mAnyatA bhI nayavAda kI RNI hai-- anyathA sarvathA ekAntadRSTi se saba padArthoM ko kSaNika mAnA jAya to eka samaya meM jo AtmA hai, vaha dUsare samaya meM nahIM rahegA -- phira usake kiye huye karmoM kA phala kauna bhogegA ? isaliye yaha bAta vanatI nahIM hai / hA~, yadi hama RjusUtranayakI apekSA yaha kaheM ki padArtha kSaNika haiM to eka hada taka ThIka haiRjusUtra naya samayavartI hai aura yaha spaSTa hai ki padArthoM meM samayavartI parivartana hotA rahatA hai, yadyapi ve apane mUla svabhAva meM jyoM ke tyoM rahate haiN| zAyada ma0 vRddha ne logoM ko saMsAra se virakta karane ke liye padArthoM kI kSaNabhaMguratA para jora diyA / isa prakAra pAThaka mahodaya, bhAratIya darzanoM kA sambandha jinadarzana se pragaTa hotA hai aura vaha isa bAta kI dalIla hai ki una darzanoM kI vAstavikatA ko parakhane ke liye bha0 mahAvIra kI dArzanika mAnyatAeM khAsa mahatva rakhatI haiM / ninadarzana nayapramANa - yukta svayaM paripUrNa hai - vaha vastu svarUpa kA ThIka parijJAna karAtA hai| cahu~ ora se nirAza hokara bhI yadi jijJAsu jinadarzana kA adhyayana kare to use parama santoSa prApta honA zakya hai / sarvadarzanoM ke anveSaka vidyAvAridhi sva0 vairisTara campatarAyajI ne yahI likhA hai ki 'satyAnvepaNa me jaba dharma kI ora pahu~cA jAtA hai aura mAna evaM mAyA ko uThAkara tAka meM rakha diyA jAtA hai, taba jijJAsu dekhatA hai ki jainadharma una sarva matoM meM anupama hai jo satya batAne kA dAvA karate haiM / ' 1. yat sat tat caNikaM - sarva darzana sagraha pa0 20 --- 8 (ma0 zItalaprasAda va jainadharma prakAza se )

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(35) vIra-nirvANoparAnta saMgha aura usake bhed| . "eka samayaM bhagavo sakasu viharati sAmagAme / tena kho, paNa samayeNa nigganTho nAThaputto pAvAyaM adhunA kAlakatto hoti, tassa kAlakiriyAya bhinna nigaMTha dvadhika jAtA, bhaMDana jAtA, kalaha jAtA vivAdApaJcA aNNamaNNam mukhasattIhi vitudantA viharanti / " -majjhimanikAya bha. mahAvIra ke nirvANoparAnta jainasaMgha kA netRtva kramazaH indrabhUti gautama aura sudharmA svAmI ne kiyA thaa| ve kevalajJAnI nirgrantha zramaNa the| unake pazcAt antima kevalI zrI jambasvAmI aura zratakevaliyoM me sarva antima bhadrabAhu svAmI huye the| digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoM kA usa samaya koI astitva nahIM thA / isIliye donoM sampradAyoM ke zAstra bhadrabAhujI ko antima zrutakevalI mAnane me ekamata haiM / unake pazcAt donoM sampradAyoM me bhinna bhinna guru paramparAyeM mAnI gaI milatI haiN| ataeva yaha mAnanA susaMgata hai ki bhadrabAhu svAmI ke samaya taka arthAt samrATa candragupta maurya ke zAsanakAla taka jainasaMgha me viccheda kI jar3a jamI nahIM thii| yUM to zvetAmbarIya zAstroM se vidita hotA hai ki bha0 mahAvIra ke jIvana kAlame hI jAmAli ne saMgha meM eka vidroha khar3A kiyA thA, jo asaphala rahA thaa| eka sarvajJa sarvadarzI tIrthakara ke samakSa eka chadmastha zramaNa bhalA kaise Tika sakatA thA ? kintu isa ghaTanA se, yadi yaha ghaTita huI ho, yaha bAta spaSTa hai ki janasaMgha me vidroha kA viSa tabhI se gholA jA rahA thA / loka me adekhasakA-durbhAva apanA ghAtaka

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( 322 ) prabhAva sadA se dikhAtA AyA hai| mahApuruSoM ke jIvana meM hI loga unakI vANI kA viparyaya karate nahIM cUkate, to unake pazcAt to unakI vANI aura vacanoM kA manamAnA artha karanA kucha bhI aTapaTA nahIM hai| jainasaMgha meM bhI aisI hI ghaTanA ghaTita huI pratIta hotI hai / bauddhoM ke 'majhima nikAya gata sAmagaoNma suttanta' ke uparokta uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki bha0 mahAvIra ke nirvANoparAnta jainasaMgha meM kalaha aura vivAda khar3e hogaye the, jinake kAraNa nirmantha janasaMgha phUTa kara eka se adhika bhAgoM me baMTa gayA thA | mauryakAla meM hI bauddhoM aura jainoM ne pATaliputra meM apane 2 saMghoM kI sabhA bulAkara zruta-saMkalana kiyA thA / vauddhoM ke piTakatraya kI pahalI AvRtti isa sabhA me hI avatarita huI / aura jainoM ne apanI sabhA me vIra-vANI kA saklana kiyA / kintu majjA yaha thA ki isa sabhA meM pUrNa zrutajJAnI - zrutakevalI bhadrabAhujI upasthita ho nahIM huye the / isa prakAra yaha sabhA ekAGgI huI thI aura isameM hI phUTa kA bIja akurita hokara pallavita ho / calA thA / vAta yaha huI ki isI samaya eka duSkAla zrA upasthita huA / magadha aura usake AsapAsa bAraha varSoM kA akAla par3A - uttara bhArata meM anna ke lAle par3a gaye / sthiti aisI viSama huI ki bhUkhe bhikhArI bher3iye bana gaye - jisako bhara peTa khAtA-pItA dekhate, usI kA peTa cIra kara apanI jvAlA zamana karate / bhadrabAhu svAmI ne isa duSkAla kI sUcanA pahale se hI saMgha ko de dI thI / samrAT candragupta ne jaba yaha sunA to vaha sasAra kI sthiti me bhayabhIta ho gaye / apane putra ko rAjabhAra sauMpa kara vaha muni ho gaye / bhadrabAhu jI ke sAtha vaha saMyamahita dakSiNa bhArata ko prasthAna kara gaye the / vahaoN maisUra prAntArgata kaTaca parvata para unhoMne samAdhimaraNa kiyA thaa| isI kAraNa

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( 323 ) usa parvata kA nAma uparAnta candragiri prasiddha hogayA aura usa para samrAT candragupta kI pAvana smRti me maMdira aura mUrttiyA nirmita kI gaI jinameM samrATa candragupta ke jIvana kI ghaTanAyeM bhI ukerI huIM haiM / isa ghaTanA ke ? pazcAt jaba dakSiNa bhArata se saMgha lauTakara uttara bhArata AyA to vaha yaha dekhakara vismita huA ki duSkAla kI kaThinAiyoM ne uttara bhArata meM rahe huye nirgrantha zramaNoM ko zithilAcArI banA diyA hai - ve loga vastroM kA prayoga karane lage hai / Agantuka saMgha ne unakA sudhAra karanA cAhA parantu vaha zithilAcAra ko chor3a na sakA2 / pramAda ke vazameM huA jova satya se bhaTakatA hI hai / usapara samaya viSama ho calA thA - bhaviSya dUruha hotA dikha rahA thaa| isa kalikAla me nirmantha zrAmaNya kA pUrNa pAlana eka prakAra se asambhava hI hai| aisA socakara sthUlabhadrAdi jainAcAryoM ne svakalpita AcAra niyamoM kA pratipAdana kara jainasaMgha ko do dhArAoM me bahane diyA / isIliye bauddhoM ne likhA ki vIra nirvANa ke pazcAt nirgrantha Apasa meM lar3e jhagar3e aura baMTa gaye / kintu isa baMTavAre kA artha yaha nahIM ki mauryakAla meM hI digambara aura zvetAmbara jaise do bhinna sampradAya khar3e huye the, pratyuta eka hI saMgha meM do prakAra ke sAdhugaNa apanI caryA me lIna the / nagna rahane kI prAcIna paramparA ko donoM hI mahatva dete the aura donoM hI nagna rahate the / haoN, prAcIna paramparAke vidrohI pragativAdI samayAnusAra pravRtti kara rahe the / ve jaba bAhara nikalate to eka khaMDa vastra kalAI para laTakAkara nagnatA kA 1. jai0 zi0 saM0, bhUmikA aura zravaNabelagolA dekho / 2. saMjaiha0 0 bhA0 2 khaMDa 1 0 203-217

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'( 324) AvaraNa kara lete the aura vaha khaMDa vara sadA hI apane pAsa rakhate the-ve pANi pAtrI bhI nahIM rahe the-unhoMne bhojana pAtra bhI le liye the| bha0 mahAvIra kI prAcIna kaThora tapazcaryA ke samakSa yaha zithilAcAra thA aura yaha dhIre dhIre hI bar3ha sakatA thaa| yaha loga usa samaya 'arddha phAlaka' nirgrantha kahalAte the| zrI haripeNAcArya jI ne inakA ullekha apane 'kathAkoSa meM kiyA hai / udhara mathurA ke kaMkAlITIlA se aise kitane hI AyAga paTa prApta huI haiM, jinameM sAdhujana hAtha para khaMDa vakha laTakAye huye utkIrNa kiye gaye haiM vaise ve nagna haiN| inameM eka kA nAma 'kaNha zramaNa' aGkita hai, jo zvetAmbarIya paramparA meM eka mAnya AcArya huye haiN| isa prakAra moryakAla se jainasaMghameM 'arddha phAlaka' nAma se katipaya nirmanya zramaNa prasiddha ho gaye the, jo yadyapi rahate to nagna the, parantu nannatA ko chipAne ke lie vastra rakhate the| unhoMne 1. jaina stupa esda bhadara ainTIkaToja bhAva matharA, pleTa naM. 10 / bhAja kA yaha paTa vasanaU ke prAntIya saMgrahAlaya meM hai| saMgrahA. nayake bhUtapUrva adhyakSa zrI rA. vAsudevazaraNajI mapravAla ne isake viSapa meM likhA thA ki 'pake UparImAga meM svapake do mora pAra tIrthakara haiM, jinameM tIsare pArvanAya (sapaMphaNAnakRta ) aura cauthe sambhavata ma. mahAvIra haiN| pahale do pamanAya aura neminAya ho sakate haiN| para tohara mUrtiyoM para koI cinha nahIM hai| maura na vana ! paTTa meM nIce eka sI aura usake sAmane eka nagna pramaNa hai jisakA nAma kayaha ghamaNa khudA humA hai| yaha eka hAya meM manmArjanI aura gaeM hAtha meM eka kapadA ( laMgoTa 1) bie hue hai| zepa garIra bhagna hai|" ( patra naM. 12 tA. 1 3 )

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( 325 ) vIra vANI ke aGgopAGga zAstroM kA bhI manamAnA saMkalana kiyA thaa| vIra vANI dvAdazAGga rUpa meM savoga upalabdha nahIM ho rahI thI-usakA lopa zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha hI ho gayA thaa| phira to eka deza dvAdazAGga vANI ke jJAtA RSivara hI zeSa the, jo apanI apanI bAta Age lA rahe the / kaliga cakravartI prasiddha jaina samrAT aila khAravela ne kumArI parvata para jaina zramaNoM kA vRhada sammelana karake dvAdazAGga jinavANI ke uddhAra kA prayatna kiyA avazya 1 parantu usakA bhI koI suphala nahIM huaa| pariNAmataH virodhakI kSINadhArA prabala hotI gaI aura IsvI prathama zatAbdi meM spaSTa hokara vaha zvetapaTa athavA zvetAmbara nAma se prasiddha ho gaI / 2 prAcIna jaina zramaNa jo nagnatA ko zrAmaNya ke , jarnala bhAva dI vihAra eeDa polIsA risarca sosAiTI, bhA0 13 pRSTha 236 ityaadi| 2. pAzcAtya vidvAna bhI isI niSkarSa para pahuMce haiN| zrImatI sTI vensana ne "hArTa prAva jainIjma" (. 35) para likhA hai ki "dhIre dhIre ina sAdhuoM kI caryA parivartita hotI gaI aura nagna rahane kI prAcIna prathA choda do gaI / ina sAdhuoM ne zveta vama pahananA prArambha kara diyaa|" (Gradually the manners and customs of the Church changed and the original practice of going abroad naked was abandoned. The ascetics began to wear the "white robe" anta meM unhoMne isa prasaMga meM manyatra yahI spaSTa kiyA ki IspI prathama zatI ke lagabhaga zvetAmbaroM kI utpatti huI-ma ki digambaroM kI ("It is much more likely, however, that that the Swetambera party originated about that time and not the Digam. bara. Kalpasutra, Preface, poxv. )

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( 326 ) liye Avazyaka mAnate the, apane prAcIna nirgrantha nAma se hI prasiddha rahe / vahI nirmantha Age calakara digvAsa athavA diga mbara nAma se ullekhita kiye jAne lge| virodhakI yaha bhAvanA yahA~ hI nahIM rukI, pratyuta usakA bAMdha jo TUTA to vaha zatadhArAoM meM vaha nikalI - digambara aura zvetAmbara - donoM hI sampradAyoM me aneka gaNoM aura gacchoM kA prAdurbhAva ho gayA / kintu yaha bhedabhAva to jainatva ke anukUla nahIM hai| jaina kI mahimA usake anekAntarUpa me hai, jo sabhI virodhoM kA samanvaya karatA hai / phira kyA kAraNa hai ki jaina Aja bhI usa samanvayadRSTi ko nahIM apanAte aura loka meM anekAnta prabhutA ko mUrtamAna nahIM banAte ? kyA unhoMne anekAntadharma nahIM pahicAnA hai ? bha0 mahAvIra ke anuyAyI ke liye to 'anekAntI' honA pahalI zarta hai / anekAnta kI prabhutA jaina sabameM camake - yaha pratyeka vivekazIla jaina kI kAmanA aura prayAsa honA Avazyaka hai / 1. mathurAke kaMkAlI TIlAme kuzAla kA ke prAcIna lekhoM meM 'nirmAnya bhAto' (jenoM) kA ullekha hai / nandi saMgha ke prAcArya 'indranandi kA ullekha ahicchatra ke sthambhalekha meM evaM gRddanandi AcArya kA Tharakha pahAr3apura ke tAmrapatra ( man 401 iM . ) meM huA hai; jahA~ unako niyanya saMghakA bhAcArya limbA hai / sarvopari kadambavaMza ke rAjA zrIvijaya zivanageza varmA ke tAmrapatra (2 vIM zatI) ke ullekha se yaha spaSTa hai ki digambara pahale 'priya' kahalAte the / usameM likhA hai ki kadambanareza ne kAlavaMga grAma kA eka bhAga bhaI bhagavAn kI pUjA ke lie, dUsarA bhAga zvetapaTa mahAzramaNa saMgha ke lie aura tIsarA bhAga nirmantha mahAzramaNa saMgha' ke jie pradAna kiyA thA-- jaina hitaiSI mA0 14 pR0 226 /

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( 327 ) saMgha meM yaha virodha zramaNoM ke bAhya bheSa aura kriyA vizeSa ko lakSya karake hI khar3A kiyA gayA, jo sacamuca dharmabhAva ke anukUla nahIM hai / usa para majA yaha ki zrAmaNya ke liye acela - are arthAt nagna rahanA donoM hI sampradAyoM ke zAstroM meM mAnya rahA hai | digambara jaina zAstroM meM ise muni ke aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM se eka mAnA hai aura vahI jina liMga kahA gayA hai / zvetAmvarIya 'AcArAGgasUtra' me bhI bhikSuke liye paramadharma Acelakya hI pratipAdA gayA hai, arthAt sAdhu ko digambara veSa dhAraNa karanA zrAvazyaka batalAyA hai | 2 unake matAnusAra prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva ne isI Alasya dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA aura antima tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ne bhI usI ko dhAraNa kiyA | 3 zvetAmbarIya zAstroM meM rAjA udayana, RSabhadatta Adi muniyoM ke viSaya me likhA hai ki unako nagna veSa dhAraNa karanA par3A thA / 4 bha0 1. jaghajAda rUva jAdaM uppADida kesamaM sugaMsuda; rahidaM hisAdIdI appa DikammaM vadi liMgaM / / " " -pravacanasAra 335 2. je cele pariSasie tassaNaM bhikkhussayo eva / 151zrAcArAha; 'taM vosaja vatthamaNyAre' - 210 prAzcArAta, pro0 naikovI ne 'pravela' zabda kA artha nagnatA ( nudity) kiyA hai / (Jaina Sutras, S.B.E., I. p. 56) 3. kalpasUtra, Jaina Sutras S. B. E., Pt. I p. 285 4. RSabhadatta ke viSayameM kahA gayA hai ki jisa prayojana ke liye unhoMne nagmatA dhAraNa kI thI, usa artha - nirvANa ko prApta kiyA / "jassAe kIrai naggamAvo nAva tamaha bhArohei / " bhagavatIsUtra, zataka hai uddezaka 33 ) udayana kathA meM yahI bAta udayana ke viSayameM duharAI gaI hai|

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( 328 ) mahAvIra ne spaSTa kahA thA ki nirgrantha zramaNa ko nagnabhAva, muMDabhAva, asnAna, chatra nahIM karanA, pagarakhI nahIM pahananA, bhamizayyA, kezaloMca, brahmacarya pAlana, anya ke gaha meM bhikSArtha jAnA aura AhAra kI vRtti kA pAlana karanA anivArya hai| aise sAdhuoM ko zvetAmbarIya zAstroMme 'jinakalpI' likhA gayA hai aura ina nagna muniyoM ko vastradhArI sAdhuoM se adhika vizuddha mAnA hai| ('AuraNa vajiyANaM vizuddha jiNakappiyANantu'pravacanasAroddhAra bhA0 3 10 13) 'AcArAga' me bhI use hI sarvotkRSTa dharma kahA hai| isa prakAra virodha ke liye siddhAnta kA jhaThA sahArA liyA gayA-usakI vyavahArikatA meM hI vipamatA uga AI / vaise to jainetara sAhitya aura purAtatva bhI yaha hI sAkSI upasthita karatA hai ki nimrantha zramaNa saMghake sAdhu nagna rahA karate the| jainetara sAhityameM vaidika aura bauddha grantha ullekhanIya haiN| RksaMhitA' (101136-2) me 'munayo vAtarasanA." kA ullekha 1. 'se jahAnAmae ajomae samaNANaM niggaMthANaM naggabhAve, mueDa. bhAve, yahANae, adaMtavaNe, acchattae, aNu vAhaNAe, bhUmi senjA, phalagasejA, kaThasejA, kesaboe, baMbhacera vAme, ladAvalada vitIno jAva paraNacAno evAbheva mahApaThamevi aradA samaNANa NiggaMthANa gagabhAve jAva ladvAvalada vitIbho jAva pvehitti|" ThANA sUtra (haidarAbAda saMskaraNa ) pR0 8.3 "sUtrakRtAna" (pa072) meM bhI nipranya zramaNoM ko muTe sira nagaM phirage vAnA likhA hai / ( nagiNAMpiMTola gAhamA, mudAkaDaviNa gA) nagnamAva ( naggamAva ) se mavalaya vAhyAbhyantara parigraha se sarvathA muka hI hotA hai / yadi vAsabhepa nagna na ho to parigraha se mukti milanA kaise sammatra hogA ?

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( 326 ) hai aura 'bhAgavata' se spaSTa hai ki prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva ne jina RSiyoM ko digamvaratvakA upadeza diyA thA, ve 'vAtarazanAnA' kahalAye the| pro0 alaneTa vevara ne ukta maMtravAkya jaina muniyoM ke liye prayukta huA batalAyA hai| 'jAbAlopaniSada sUtra 6 meM 'yathA jAtarUpadharo nimrantho niSparigrahaH" ullekha milatA hai| 'mahAbhArata' (Adi parva 326-27) jaina muni ko nagna kSapaNaka' kahA hai| viSNu'2 aura 'padma'3 purANoM me bhI jaina muni digambara kahe gaye haiN| bhatRhari ke 'vairAgyazataka' meM jaina muniko pANipAtrI digambara likhA hai| isI prakAra vArAha mihira saMhitA' me jaina muniyoM ko 'nagnAn' aura ahaMtadeva ko 'digyAsa' likhA hai| 'paMcatantra' meM bhI unako nagna batalAyA hai| jyotiSagrantha 'golAdhyAya' meM bhI ve naMge likhe gaye hai| "mudrArAkSasa' nATaka meM nagna kSapaNaka rUpameM jaina muni kA ullekha bauddho ke piTaka sAhitya me nimrantha zramaNa acelaka arthAt nagna hI kahe gaye haiN| 'jAtaka' kathA meM bha0 mahAvIra ko acelaka 1. iNDiyana ainTIkarI, bhAga 30 pRSTa 280 2. tato digambaro muNDo-viSNu purANa, tRtIyAMza ma0 17118 3. digambareNa""jainadhamopadezaH" digambara jainadharmadIpA dAnam / ~padmapurANa prathama sRSTikhaMDa 13 1. veda purANAdi anyoM meM jaina dharma kA astitva, pR0 16 1. 'magnAn jinAno viduH // 13 // // 6 // 'digyAsastaruNo rUpavAraca kAryo'hatAM devaH // 15 // 18 // -varAhamihira saMhitA 6. 'karanIkRta! muristA -tantra va 1 2. gomAyAya za-1. 8. Hindu Dramatic Works, p.10.

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( 330 ) likhA hai| vaizAlI ke nikaTa kanDaramasuka java nimrantha sAdhu huye to unhoMne yAvajjIvana nagna rahane kA vrata liyAra / vauddha TIkAkAra 'acelaka' kA artha 'nagna' karate haiN| (acela koDa. tiniccelo naggo) ina digambara veSI jaina muniyoM kA prabhAva jainetara sAdhuoM para par3A thA, jo nagna rahane lage the|3 vinaya piTaka graMtha 'mahAvagga' ke ullekha se spaSTa hai ki bha0 mahAvIra se pahale ke tityiya ( tIrthaka ) sAdha bhI nagna rahate the, jo mukhyata. prAcIna jaina sAdhu the / "jAtaka ghaTakathA"-"cullavagga"5 mahAvagga (8 / 1238), saMyuttanikAya (233107 ) divyAvadAna (pR0 165 ) dAThAvaMso (pa0 14) ityAdi granthoM meM nimranthoM kI nagnatA ke dyotaka ullekha hai| cInI yAtrI phAhyAn 6 1. jAtaka 2182 2. dIghanikAya (P.T.S.) mA0 3 pR. 1-10 2. From Buddhist accounts in their canonical worhs as well as in other books, it may be seen that.... ...In their description of other rivals of Buddha, that these in order to gain esteem, copied the Norgranthas and went unclothed or they were looked upon by the people as Nirgrantha holy oncs, because they happened to lose their clothes. -Buhler, An Indian Sect of the Jainsp 36. 1. SB B. Vol. 1 p. 145 5. paET EVER 6. pAsAna .1.45 (The Nanthas pere ascrtics, who neni nalcd-Deal, pp. 110-113.7

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( 331 ) aura huenatsAMga ne bhI jaina muniyoM ko nagna likhA thaa| tAmila ke prAcIna sAhitya pranthoM jaise 'maNimekhale' aura 'sila ppadikAram' me ullekha hai ki nimrantha saMgha meM jAkara mumukSu digambara sAdhu ho jAte the / 2 ___ bhAratIya purAtatva se bhI zrAmaNyakA lakSaNa digambaratva hI pramANita hotA hai / moina jodar3o aura har3appA se nagna mUrtiyA~ milIM haiM, jo digambara jaina mUrtiyoM ke anurUpa haiM / 3 hAthIguphA zilAlekha, kaMkAlITIlA mathurA, ahicchatra, pahAr3apura, udayagiri ( bhelasA) Adi ke lekhoM se spaSTa hai ki jaina sAdhujana nagna rahate the|4 sArAMzataH jaina saMghameM zramaNa gaNa sadAse hI digambara vepa me rahate Aye haiM / ataeva isa bAta ko lekara hI saMgha meM viSamatA upasthita kiye rakhanA ucita nhiiN| samyaktva kI dRr3hatA sacce deva, sacce guru aura sacce zAstroM ko mAnane evaM sAta tatvoM meM zraddhA rakhanA hI hai| usa para isa paMcamakAla meM mukti kA dvAra sarvathA baMda hI hai| kullaka aura ailaka nimrantha vastradhArI gRhatyAgI hote hI hai; jo yadyapi udAsIna zrAvaka kahe gaye haiM parantu jainetara sAdhuoM se kahIM zreSTha cayoM kA pAlana karate haiN| isa matabheda ke kAraNa digambara aura zvetAmbara-Apasa meM virodhabhAva rakkhe, yaha bha0 mahAvIra kI zikSA ke anurUpa nahIM hai| jaina saMghame virodhabhAva panapa jAne para bhI, vaha vidveSa kA phAraNa nahIM huA thA / jainAcArya milakara hI jainadharma ke prabhAva ko 'pracaNNa banAye huye the| magadhame zresika vimbasAra ke vaMzajoM 1. The Lihi (Nirgranthas) distinguish themselves by leaving their bodies naked-St.Julien Vienna, p24 * Surice in South Indian Jainism, pt. pp 47-48, 1. siddhAMta bhAskara, bhA. 1.50 87-88

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( 332 ) ke uparAnta nandavaMza ke rAjA zAsanAdhikArI huye the, jo prAya jaina the| samrAT nandavarddhana ne kaliGga vijaya karake kaliGga jina kI pratimA ko lAkara rAjagaha meM sthApita kiyA thaa| nanda ke rAjamatrI rAkSasa Adi bhI jaina the| unake pazcAta bhArata ke bhAgya vidhAtA mauryavaMza ke samrATa huye / inameM samrATa candragupta to svayaM muni hogaye the aura samprati evaM sAlisUka ne jainadharma kA pracAra bhArata ke bAhara ke dezoM meM bhI kiyA thA / samrATa azoka ke samAna samprati ne bhI aneka dharmalekha utkIrNa karAye the| sArAza yaha hai ki yadyapi vIra nivANoparAnta jaina saMghame Antarika kalaha upasthita huA, parantu vaha itanA pravala nahIM thA ki jaina zramaNa apane dharma ko bhala jAte aura lokahita karane meM agrasara na rahate / unhoMne tatkAlIna zAsana tantra kA pathapradarzana kiyA aura use ahiMsA se anuprANita rakkhA / yahI kAraNa hai ki isa kAla meM bhArata kA gaurava baDhA aura usakI pratiSThA videzI zAsakoM kI dRSTi meM car3hI thii| videzoM meM bhI ahiMsA dharma kI pragati huI aura loka bha0 mahAvIra ke dayAmaya upadeza se apanA kalyANa kara sakA bhArata meM hindUdharma para bauddhadharma kI apekSA jainadharma kA vizeSa prabhAva par3A aura usane zAkAhAra evaM ahiMsA ko jainadharma meM gahaNa kiyA / kaNvoM ne yadyapi pazuyajJoM ke pracalana kA prayatna kiyA, parantu ve usame saphala na huye / bha0 mahAvIra kA ahiMsAmaI upadeza bhAratIyoM ke mana para aisA car3hA ki pazuyajJoMkI punarAvRti bhArata meM ho na paaii| 1. saMjaI0, bhA0 2 khaMra 2 pRSTha 4-5 2. "ina ( ma0 mahAvIra ) ke dharma ke pariNAmase vaidika dharma meM bhI 'ahiMsA parama dharma mAnA gayA, aura zAkAhAra siddhAnta adhi. kAMza hinda janatA ne svIkAra kiyaa|"-ke. jI. mazarUvAtA loka mAnya tilaka ne bhI 'gItA rahasya' meM yahI likhA hai|

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( 36 ) vIra-saMgha kA prabhAva aura uparAMta ke prasiddha jainI rAjA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI tIrtha pravRtti samayakI eka bar3I AvazyakatA kI pUraka thI-- lokasamAja dharma-vijJAna kA sA rUpa dekhane ko lAlAyita thA / bha0 mahAvIra ne usakI lAlasA pUrI kI | pariNAma yaha huA ki vIra - tIrtha- pravartana hote hI usakA camatkArika prabhAva sarva vyApaka hogayA / satya-jJAnakI pipAsI AtmAoM ne sarva vargoM se Akara bhagavAn kI sudhAgirA kA pAna karake apanI AtmatuSTi kI thI / kavisamrAT sva0 DaoN0 ravIndranAtha ThAkura ke zabdoM me kahe to usa samaya "zrI mahAvIra - svAmI ne gambhIravAda se isa prakAra mukti kA sandeza bhAratavarSa ko sunAyA ki dharma kevala sAmAjika rUr3hi nahIM hai, kintu vAstavika satya kI upAsanA dharma hai| bAharI sAmpradAyika kriyAkANDa ke pAlane se mukti nahIM milatI, kintu vaha satya-dharma ke svarUpameM Azraya lene se prApta hotI hai / dharma me manuSya - manuSya kA bheda koI sthAna nahIM rakhatA / kahate huye Azcarya hotA hai ki mahAvIrajI kI isa zikSA ne samAja ke hRdaya meM baiThI huI bhedabhAvanA ko bahuta zIghra naSTa kara diyA aura sAre deza ko apane vaza meM kara liyA !" I kSatrI, brAhmaNa, vaizya, zUdra Arya, anArya - vidvAn, zrImAnraMka rAva, pazu-pakSI, sabhI bha0 mahAvIra kI zaraNa Aye / sabane sacce sukha ko svarUpa pahacAnA aura sabako usakA bhAna huA / zAyada isI kAraNa kahIM 2 jainadharma ko varNa vyavasthA kA lopaka kahA jAtA hai, parantu yaha mithyA hai / bha0 mahAvIra ne itara varNoM ke prati jo atyAcAra kiyA jAtA thA, use miTA diyA thA - unheM bhI mAnavI adhikAra diye the aura janatAme unakA

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( 334 ) mAnavocita sammAna karAyA thA, parantu unhoMne varNa vyavasthA kA lopa nahIM kiyA thaa| haoN, uccatA-nIcatA kA mApa ekamAtra janma aura kula ko nahIM mAnA thA, balki karma ke AdhIna mAnavI jIvana kI uccatA-nIcatA niyata kI thI / karma se brAhmaNa hotA hai aura karma se hI zUdra isaliye apane karma acche rakkho -- acche vanakara camako aura yogya vno| yogya vyakti hI sammAna aura uccapada pAtA hai| pAThaka pUrva-pRSThoM meM par3ha cuke haiM ki tatkAlIna bhArata ke satra hI rAnA jinendra mahAvIra ke saMghameM sammilita huye the / samrATa zreNika vimbasAra, ajAtazatra, udayana, zatAnIka, prasenanita prabhRti jainadharma ke bhakta the aura apanI prajA ko dharma-sAdhana kI suvidhA diye huye the / vaizAlI-(videha ) meM usa samaya asaMkhya jainI the| apitu, bhAratake pazcimottara sImAprAnta para avasthita videzI yUnAniyoM me bhI bha0 mahAvIra ke bhaktoM kA abhAva nahIM thaa| vauddhagraMtha 'milinda paraha' me likhA hai ki pAMca sau canAniyoM ne apane rAjA milinda ( Menander ) se nigrenya jJAtaputra mahAvIra ke pAsa calakara apane mantavyoM ko una para pragaTa karane aura zaGkhAoM kA samAdhAna karane ke liye kahA thaa| yadyapi yaha ullekha I0 pUrva dvitIya zatAbdi se sambandhita hai, parantu isase pragaTa hai ki jaina dharma kA pracAra yUnAniyoM meM bahuta pahale se ho gayA thaa| bha0 mahAvIra ke samaya ke lagabhaga yUnAna dezake prasiddha tatvavetA pithAgorasa aura paraho (Pyrrho) bhArata bhAye the unhoMne saMbhavataH jaina sAdhuoM se AdhyAtmika zikSA bhI grahaNa kI thii| ina tatvavetAoM ne yUnAna meM ahiMsA aura aise siddhAnta pracalita kiye the jo $. Historical Gleanings, p. 78.

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( 335 ) jaina siddhAntoM ke samAna the / jaina kathAgranthoM se pragaTa hai ki usa samaya phaNika jAti ke videzI bhadrajana bhI bha0 mahAvIrake saMghameM sammilita huye the2 / I0 pUrva dvitIya zatI ke eka mUrti, lekha se spaSTa hai ki mathurA meM pArthiyana ( Parthian ). videzI jainadharma dIkSita huye the aura unhoMne jinamUrtiyA~ nirmANa kI thii|3 nissandeha bha0 mahAvIra ke dharma kA prabhAva unake samaya se hI cahu~ ora phailA thaa| saMghame virodha kA janma hone para bhI, jainadharma kA prabhAva akSuNNa rahA thA |viir nirvANAbda 54 sadRza prAcInakAla kA eka zilAlekha isa bAta kI sAkSI hai ki bhAratakI kRtajJa janatA ne bhagavAn ke nirvANa-kAla kI smRti me eka abda bhI prArambha - 1. asahamatasaMgama (Addenda,p. 3) & Encyclo- Bri: XII, p. 753. pithAgorasa ne jIva ko amara aura pAvAgamana siddhAnta ko mAnA thA / maunavrata pAlakara vaha jainoM kI taraha tapa tapate the| mAsa bhojana kA unhoMne niSedha kiyA aura dvidala bhI nahIM khAte ye / jainoM meM hI kevala dvidala na khAne ko vidhAna hai| paihone syAdvAda siddhAnta kA anusaraNa kiyA thA, parantu vaha usako ThIka samajha na sakA thaa| 2. pArAdhanA kathA koSa, bhA0 2 pa0 243 va bha0 pArzvanAtha, pR0 201-202 / 'There were Parthians at Mathura who had immigrated during the rule of the Kshatrapas and who, although they were converted to the Jaina faith, upheld the traditions of their native country." H. Luders in the Bhandarkar Volume

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( 336 ) kiyA thA: / kucha aisI prAcIna mudrAyeM ( sikke) bhI milI haiM, jo bha0 mahAvIra ke prabhAvako vyakta karatI haiM / una para bhara mahAvIra kA siMha cinha aura jaina-lakSaNa aGkita haiM / 2 vaizAlI (vasADha ) ke dhvaMzAvazeSoM se eka aisA sikkA milA hai, jisa para caraNa-pAdukAyeM aura zrI gautama gaNadhara kA nAma likhA hai / / sArAMza yaha hai ki bha0 mahAvIra kA kalyANakArI sandeza avazya hI sAre deza meM phailA thA / bha0 mahAvIra ke pazcAt bhAratavarSa me huye aneka pramukha rAjAoM meM adhikAMza jainadharmAnuyAyI the| mahArAja nandavarddhan, candraguptamaurya, azoka, samprati, zAlisUkamaurya, aila khAravela, vikramAditya, nahapAna, rudrasiMha amoghavarSa, kumArapAla, mArasiMha Adi rAjA jainI the| dakSiNabhArata ke kadamba, cera, cola, pANDya, gaMga, hoyasala Adi rAjavaMzoM me Adarza lenI zAsaka huye haiM, jo lokaprasiddha the| unake aneka senApati aura daMDa nAyaka bhI jainI the, jaise zrIvijaya, cAmuDarAya, gaMgarAja, hulla, irugappa ityAdi / cAmuMDarAya ne lagabhaga 84 yuddha lar3akara viruda pada prApta kiye the| loka prasiddha zravaNa velagola kI 57 phITa U~cI di0 lenamUrti ko unhoMne hI nirmANa kiyA thA / mevAr3a ke sacce bhakta vaizyakula divAkara bhAmAzAha bhI jainI the, jinhoMne rANApratApa kI atula sahAyatA kI thI aura haldIghATI ke yuddha meM apanI talavAra kA jauhara dikhAyA thA / ina saba bAto ke ullekha karane kA yaha sthala nahIM hai| pAThakagaNa isa viSaya kA paricaya hamAre 'saMkSipta jaina itihAsa" nAmaka graMtha - 1. sainamitra, varSa 12 aMka 1 pR. 162 va madhyaprAMva-nAvaputAnA ke prA. jainAsmA pR0 110 2. mama0, pR. 215-20 3. baMgAla-vihAra-moDIsA prA. jaina smArka, pR. 20

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( 337 ) } se prApta kare ! isa prasaMga me khAsa dhyAna dene kI bAta yaha hai ki jainI rAjAoM kA zAsanakAla bhAratIya itihAsa me svarNayuga rUpa me camaka rahA hai| kaI jainI rAjAoM ne apane sAhasa aura zaurya se bhArata ko videziyoM ke zAsanabhAra se mukta kiyA thA -- use svAdhIna banAyA thA / samrAT candragupta maurya ne yUnAniyoM ke AkramaNa se bhArata ko mukta kiyA thA / yaha samrAT jaina zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke ziSya the aura antame apane putrako rAjyabhAra saupa kara muni ho gaye the / guru aura ziSya donoM ne hI dakSiNa bhArata me caMdragiri parvata para jAkara tapasyA kI thI - vahA~ unake caraNa aura smRti cinha aMkita hai !! uparAnta aila khAravela ne iMDogrIka rAjA manenDara ko bhArata meM Age nahIM bar3hane diyA thA - vaha khAravela kA sainyAgamana sunate hI mathurA chor3a kara calA gayA thA 2 / bhArata ko svAdhIna banAne kA zreya phira eka jaina samrAT ko milA / aise hI zakoM ko parAsta karane vAle vikramAditya bhI jainI the aura avadhame musalamAnoM se saphala morcA jainI rAjA suhRdayadhvaja ne hI liyA thA / 3 sArAMza yaha ki bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta bhAratake camakate huye ratna the, jo unake dharmaprabhAva ko svayaM pragaTa karate hai ! gRhastha hI nahIM, araNyavAsI diggaja vidvAn sanyAsI aura parivrAjaka bhI bha0 mahAvIra ke dharma se prabhAvita huye the / pAThaka par3ha cuke haiM ki bha0 mahAvIra ke pramukha ziSya gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama prabhati jainadharma meM dIkSita hone ke pahale vaidika sampradAya ke ullekhanIya vidvAn the / ve apane ziSya samudAya sahita bha0 I 1. saMjaii0, mA0 2 khaMDa 1 pRSTha 246- 238 2. pUrva pustaka khaMDa 2 pR0 11 17 3. pUrva pR0 146

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( 338 ) mahAvIra ke mata meM dIkSita huye the / isaliye svAmI samantabhadrajI kA kathana yuktiyukta hai ki bhagavAn ne dharmAmRta rUpI pravAha vAyA thA aura ekAnta mithyAmatakA khaMDana kara ke jinAgama kA pracAra kiyA thaa| zrI guNabhadrAcArya jI ne isaliye yaha ThIka likhA hai ki ' bha0 mahAvIra barddhamAna sadA varddhamAna va jayazIla rahate haiM - vaha bhavya jIvoM ko nirmala mokSamArga meM le jAte haiMunakA dharmatIrtha kalikAla meM bhI bar3e vistAra se pracalita huA haiM / isaliye yadyapi vaha tIrthakaroM meM sarva antima haiM parantu unhoMne anima tIrthaGkara RSabhadeva ko bhI jIta liyA hai ! AcArya isIliye unakI stuti karate haiM / " anya AcAryoM ne bhI isa satya ko duharAyA hai / kavi navala yaha bhI apanI kAvya vANI meM yahI batalAte haiM -6 'zanaiH zanaiH prabha kareM vihAra, nonA deza grAma pura bhAra | sabako kareM dharma upadeza, mukti-paMtha bhavi gahata maheza ! jina sUraja jaba kiraNa prakAza, mata ajJAna bhayo jaga nAza !!' nissandeha jinasUrya-prabhA se prabhAvita loka Aja taka prabhuvIra ke guNagAna gAtA hai / Ajakala bha0 mahAvIra ke bhaktagaNa bhArata meM hI sImita haiM. parantu unake samayameM aura uparAnta bhI vaha sAre loka meM phaile huye the / kucha loga aisA khayAla karate haiM ki videzoM meM jainadharma kA pracAra nahIM huA, kintu yaha mata 4. vRhat svayaMbhU stotra, 112 1. 'zrI vardamAnanizaM jimacad mAnaM, evaM taM naye stutiparyaM pathi saMprabhauve yo svopi vIryakarama primamapya jaiSIda, kAle kalau - pRthutIkRta vIrthaH // 146 // 06 6. zrI va mAnapurANa, pR0 411 ( sUrava ) M - uttarapurANa pR0 046

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( 336 ) nibhrAnta nahIM hai; kyoki zAstro me yaha spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki jinendra mahAvIra ne samagra AryakhaMDa me Arya anArya ko samAnarUpa me dharmopadeza diyA thaa| aura AryakhaMDa meM Adhunika jJAta pRthvI kA samAveza ho jAtA hai2 / IzvI sAtavIM zatAbdi taka bhArata kA vistAra aphagAnistAna aura IrAna ke lagabhaga taka phailA thA- ina dezoM me usa samaya jaina saMskRti kA pracAra thA / cInI yAtrI huena sAga ne aphagAnistAna medi0 jainiyoM kI vastiyA~ dekhI thIM | 3 isakA artha spaSTa hai ki ina pradezoM meM jainadharma 7 vIM zatAvdi se bhI pahale pahu~ca cukA thA / hamane anyatra samagra madhya eziyA mizra Adi dazoM me jaina prabhAva bha0 pArzvanAtha ke samaya se pracalita spaSTa kiyA hai | avazya hI jaina sAdhuoM ke cAritra niyama kaThora hai aura unakI pavitratA kA pAlana bhI sugama nahIM hai, parantu jainasaMgha me akele sAdhu hI nahIM rahate - sAdhusaMgha ke sAtha udAsIna zrAvaka bhI rahate haiM jo sarvathA ArabhatyAgI nahIM hote aura AvazyakatA par3ane para muniyoM ke liye AhAra kI vyavasthA bhI karate hai / isa para, jaina saMgha kA yaha khAsa niyama hai ki varSARtu ke atirikta jainamuni eka sthAna para tIna dinase adhika Thahara nahIM sakate / ataeva unake liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki vaha ghUma kara sarvatra dharma kA pracAra karate rahe, khAsakara mithyAdRSTiyoM ko dharmapathameM lagAte raheM | jainakathAprathoM se spaSTa hai ki munijana aise sthAnoM para bhI pahu~cate the, jahA~ jainI nahIM the / vaha grAmavAsiyoM ko dharma me 1 1. saMi0, bhA 0 2 khaDa1 pR0 88-106 2. bha0pA0, pR0 156 3. hubhAa0, pR0 37 va kanidhama va jAgaraphI0 pR0 671 4. 'bhagavAn pArzvanAtha' pa0 154-201 dekho /

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( 340 dIkSita karake unake yahA~ AhAra lete the| ataH AcAra niyamoM kI kaTTaratA ke kAraNa yaha mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai ki jaina muni dUradUra videzoM meM vihAra karane nahIM jAte the| upalabdha purAtatva kI zodha jainadRSTi se huI hI nahIM haiusapara, jaina evaM nauddha mUrtiyoM ke sUkSmabheda ko samajhane vAle bhI pahale prAyaH nahIM the ! bhArata meM hI aneka jainakRtiyAM bauddha batA dI gaI thIM / aisI dazA me nizcita rUpa se yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki bhArata ke bAhara koI jaina cinha haiM hI nhiiN| sAhityika ullekhoM se to bhArata vAhya dezoM meM jainadharma kA astitva prAcIna kAla se siddha hai| samrAT zreNika vimbasAra ke putra abhayakumAra ne IrAna deza ke eka rAnakumAra ko jainadharma meM dIkSita kiyA thA-isa ullekha se pragaTa hai ki IrAna ke loga usa samaya hI jainadharma ke paricaya meM Agaye the| maurya kAla meM sikandara mahAn ko aneka digambara sAdhu pazcimottara prAnta kI sImA para mile the aura unameM se eka nagna sAdhu (Gymnosophis ) unake sAtha yUnAna kI ora gaye bhI the|2 ina sAdhuoM meM jainamuniyoM kA abhAva nahIM thaa|3 samrATa candragupta maurya svayaM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu jI ke ziSya the aura unhoMne dharmapracAra kA prayatna kiyA thaa| azoka unake viSaya meM likhatA hai ki vaha 1. hisTrI maoN jaina vAinnographI, pR. 12 / ___2. 'vIra' mA0 pR0 341-343 (M. Crindle, Ancient India, p.73 ) 1. "jimnosophisTa' di. jaima muni pe, yaha bAta 'insAiklopeDiyA priTemikA (, vI. AvRtti) bhA0 11 1. 128 meM milI hai|

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( 341 ) apane udyoga meM asaphala rahe !1 paraMtu azoka kI dharmayAtrAyeM jaina prabhAva se achUtI nahIM thii| usane videzoM me bhI dharmapracAra kiyA thaa| yanAnI lekhaka heroDATesa ( Herodotus) ne mizra ke nikaTa ithyopiyA ( Ethiopia) me di0 jaina zramaNoM ko ( Gymnosophists ) dekhA thA / 3 IsvI prathama zatAbdi me eka zramaNacArya (di0 jainAcArya) bhaDoca se yUnAna gaye the aura vahAM dharmapracAra karate huye mRtyu ko prApta huye the| unakI niSidhikA athensa ( Athens ) meM vidyamAna thii|4 anyatra yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jaina zramaNa rUma, yUnAna aura nArve taka gaye the| maurya samrATa samprati aura zAlisUka ne nirgrantha zramaNoM ko aphagAnistAna, araba aura IrAna meM dharmapracAra ke liye bhejA thA / DaboI aura pharalAMga sA0 kA mata hai ki eka samaya sArI madhyaeziyA meM jainadharma phailA huA thA 7 cInI turkistAna ke guphA maMdiroM meM di0 jainadharma sambandhI citra bhI banAye gaye the, yaha bAta pro0 la0 koka ne pragaTa kI thii| laMkA meM samrATa , sAtavAM sthaMbhalekha dekho| 2. jainadharma aura samrATa azoka nAmaka pustaka dekho| 3. aiziyATika risarcez2a, bhA* 3 pR. 6 4. iMDiyana hisTaoNrIkala kArTI, bhA0 2 pR. 213 5. bhama0, pR07 6. pariziSTa-parva aura EHI, 202-203 & JBORS 7. Dubons, Descriptions....of the people of India...., Intro- 1817 & J.G. R. Furlong, 'Short Studies in Science of Comparative Religions (1897), p. 67. 5. N. C. Mehta, 'Studies in Indian Painting. p.2

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( 342 ) pAdukAbhaca ( I0 pU0 367-307 ) do nirgrantha zramaNoM ke bhakta the / aura unake lie unhoMne anurAdhApura me jinamaMdira banavAyA thA / 1 pro0 silvA levI ke matAnusAra jainaprabhAva jAvA sumAtrA meM bhI kAryakArI thA / 2 sArAMza yaha ki bha0 mahAvIra kA dharmaprabhAva sAre bhUmaMDala meM vyApta rahA hai / Adhunika kAla meM sarva zrI vIracaMda gAMdhI, jugamaMdaralAla jaja aura campatarAya jI vairisTara sadRza jaina vidvAn yUrupa aura amerikA meM bha0 mahAvIra kA sandeza phailA cuke haiM / ava zrI akhila vizva jaina mizana dvArA videzoM meM pracAra kiyA jA rahA hai| sacamuca bha0 mahAvIra kI: - "vacana- kirana sau mohatama-miTyo mahA dukhadAya | vairAge jagajIva bahu -- kAla labdhi cala pAya // samyakdarzana Adayo-- mukti tarovara mUla / zaMkAdika mala parihare-- gaI janma kI sUla // " - 1. Indian Seet of the Jains, p. 37. 2. vizAla mArata, bhA0 1 khaMDa 2 pR0 111

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( 37 ) bha0 mahAvIra sambandhI tIrtha aura purAtatva | "jiNa jaNamaNikhkhacaNa, khANupatti mokhkha saMpatti / NisihIsu khetapUjA, puvyavihANeNa kAyavvA / / 452 // " - zrI vasunadi zrA0 jahA~-jahA~ saMtoM ke caraNa-kamala par3ate hai, vahA~-vahA~ ke loga apane bhAgya ko sarAhate haiM / vaha bhUmi hI una mahApuruSa kI padaraja se pavitra ho jAtI hai / usa kSetra kA vAtAvaraNa hI eka vizeSatA pragaTa karane lagatA hai aura apane premI ke lie protsAhana kA kAraNa banatA hai / isI anurUpa bha0 mahAvIra jisa sthAna para pahu~ce, vaha unakI padaraja se pavitra ho gayA aura bhaktajanoM ne unakI smRti ko sajIvita rakhane ke lie vahA~ para maMdira - mUrti yA staMbha rUpa koI smArka banA diyA / unameM se kaI sthAna tIrthavat pUje jAne lage aura kaI bhulA bhI diye gye| Aja jina tIrthoM aura sthAnoM kA patA calatA hai, unakI tAlikA nimnaprakAra hai: - pApAnagarI pAvA kA prAcIna nAma thA / bha0 mahAvIra kA nirvANa yahAM se hI huA thA / isakA varNana pahale likhA jA cukA hai / yaha nirvANa tIrtha hone ke kAraNa pUjya hai / ahicchatra varelI jile ke antargata atizaya kSetra hai / saMbhavataH bha0 mahAvIra kA samavazaraNa yahA AyA thaa| yahAM prAcIna mUrtiyA nikalI haiM / 1 *mAmalakalpA sthAna pazcima videha me zvetAmbI ke samIpa thA / zvetAmbarIya zAstroM me likhA hai ki yahAM ke aMbasAla caitya meM bha0 mahAvIra kA samavazaraNa racA gayA thA /

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( 344 ) *pAlabhikA-nagarI rAjagaha se banArasa jAte huye bIca meM par3atI thii| zvetAmbarIya mata hai ki yahAM para bha0 mahAvIra ne poggala parivrAjaka ko zramaNa ziSya banAyA thaa| ilorA-prAcIna ilApura hai| nijAma rAjya meM daulatAbAda sTezana se 12 mIla hai| darzanIya guphA maMdira haiM, jinameM bha0 mahAvIra kI kaI mUrtiyAM banI huI haiN| ujana-prAcIna ujjayinI hai, jo mAlava deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| yahAM ke atimuktaka nAmaka smazAna meM vIra bhagavAna para upasarga huA thaa| isa sthAna kA patA lagAkara prasiddha karanA caahiye| ___ eka jaMba caitya-ulla kAtIra nagara kA udyAna thaa| zvetAnvara zAstra kahate haiM ki yahAM bha0 mahAvIra kA mamavazaraNa huA thaa| ehole-bIjApura jile meM prAcIna Aryapura hai| yahA~ san 634 meM lena kavi ravikIrti ne bha0 mahAvIra kA mandira nirmANa karAyA thaa| yahA~ zrI mahAvIra svAmI kI prAcIna pratimAyeM aba bhI milatI haiN| cAlakya nareza pulakezi satyAzraya meM ravikIrti ne sammAna pAyA thA 2 aoriyA--acalagar3ha (zrAva) ke nikaTa avasthita hai| ume phananbala tIrtha kahate haiM-yahA~ mahAvIra nvAmI kA mandira de 13 ma ninada vAle sthAnoM kA paThA nahIM hai-ve akSAta inakA rasa zrI kazyApa vijaya kI pustakAnumAra liyA gyaa| mA. smA. 1. 154 2. prA smA0, 5.1 5. pUrva06. 335

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/ 345 ) kanakapura--zvetAmbarIya mata hai ki yahA~ vIra-samavazaraNa do daphA huA thaa| kampilA--(pharukhAbAda jilA) prasiddha jainatIrtha hai| yahA~ bhI bha0 mahAvIra kA samozaraNa AyA thaa| isakA prAcIna nAma kAspilya hai| yaha drapada rAjA kI rAjadhAnI aura tIrthakara vimalanAthakI janma nagarI thii| kAyamagaMja sTezana se jAte hai| karNa-suvarNa-murzidAbAda jilA meM bhAgIrathI ke dakSiNa taTa para avasthita thaa| Ajakala ise kAnasonA kahate haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA yahA~ zubhAgamana huA thA-taba ise koTi varSa kahate the| kAkandI-sambhavataH vartamAna goragvapura jile kA khukhundo grAma hai| navameM tIrthaMkara zrI puSpadantajI kA janmasthAna kiSki ndhApura bhI ise kahA jAtA hai| mahAvIra svAmI yahA~ kaI bAra padhAre the| di0 jaina mandira meM bha0 mahAvIra kI prAcIna mUrti sthApita hai, jise yugavIra kahate haiM / isa sthAna kI prasiddhi tIrtharUpa meM hai| kuNDagrAma meM bha0 mahAvIra kA janma huA thaa| yaha vaizAlI ke nikaTa thaa| Ajakala kA vasukuNDa grAma ( mujaphpharapura jilA) hI prAcIna kuNDa grAma hai| yahA~ zodha karake tIrtha kI sthApanA honI caahie|2 chaparA ke bhAiyoM ne kAryAraMbha kiyA hai| kuNDalapura-madhyaprAnta ke damoha jile meM hai / isa parvata para 52 jinAlaya haiN| yahA~ zrI mahAvIra svAmI kI vRhat mUrti ati manojJa 12 phITa U~cI hai| rAjA chatrasAla ke samaya meM isa mandira kA jIrNoddhAra huA thaa| pahAr3I ke sarovara ko 'varddhamAna 1. saM0mA00smA0, pR0 8 2. caM0vi0 pro00smA0, pR. 23-25

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( 346 ) - saravara' kahate haiM / mahAvIra - mUrti ke kAraNa yaha kSetra atizaya tIrtha mAnA jAtA hai | kupArI parvata - kaliGgadeza me thA / Ajakala yaha tIrtha khaMDagiri udayagiri ke nAma se prasiddha hai / yahA~ bha0 mahAvIra ne dharmopadeza diyA thA / kuhAOM grAma - tahasIla devariyA jilA gorakhapura me hai / isakA prAcIna nAma kakubha grAma hai / yahA~ kaI jinamandira the 1 isa samaya eka guptakAlIna sthambha hai, jisa para anya cAra tIrthakaroM ke sAtha bha0 mahAvIra kI bhI mUrti aMkita hai |2 *kollAka sanniveza - di0 jainaprathoM kA prAcIna kUlyanagara hai, jahA~ bha0 mahAvIra kA prathama pAraNA huA thA / yaha sthAna kuNDagrAma ke nikaTa avasthita thA / kauzAmbI - - ilAhAbAda jile me kosama nAmaka grAma hai / prAcIna vatsadeza kI vaha rAjadhAnI thI / yahA~ ke rAjA udayana aura rAnI mRgAvatI bha0 mahAvIra ke upAsaka aura samvandhI the / caMdanA satI kA prakaraNa bhI yahIM huA thA / bha0 mahAvIra yahaoN kaI vAra padhAre the |3 gvAliyara -- prAcIna gopagiri hai / yahA~ ke kile meM aneka jina mUrtiyoM me mahAvIra svAmI kI bhI hai / 4 guNAvA - paTanA jile meM navAdA sTezana se Der3ha mIla hai / yaha sthAna gautama gaNadhara kA nirvANa kSetra mAnA jAtA hai / yahA~ 1. ma0pra0 je0 smA0, pR0 13 2. saM0 prAM0 jai0 smA0, 3. pUrva0 pR0 26 8. pR0 pa0 6 ma0 prA0 je0 smA0, pR0 65

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( 347 ) bha0 mahAvIra svAmI ke caraNa aura mUrti bhI virAjamAna haiM / isakI prasiddhi tIrtha ke rUpame hai / * gaurvara grAma -- gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama aura unake bhAiyoM kA janmasthAna thA / yaha rAjagRha ke pAsa thA / campA - aMgadeza kI rAjadhAnI thii| Ajakala yaha sthAna bhAgalapura ( bihAra ) se tIna mIla para hai aura tIrtha mAnA jAtA hai / bha0 mahAvIra yahAeN kaI daphA Ae the |2 cittaur3a- - prAcIna citrakUTa durga hai / yahA~ kA caccadvArA nirmita prasiddha kIrtistambha bha0 mahAvIra ke eka prAcIna mandira kA mAnastambha hai | 3 caMderI -- jhaoNsI jile meM prAcIna sthAna hai aura atizaya tIrthakSetra mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ kI tIrthaMkara mUrtiyA~ darzanIya aura prasiddha haiM, jinameM bha0 mahAvIra kI bhI mUrti hai / 4 jambhika grAma -- ke nikaTa RjukUlA nadI ke taTa para bha0 mahAvIra ko kevalajJAna kI upalabdhi huI thI / sambhavataH vartamAna jhiriyA yaha grAma hai | jarasappA--uttara kanAr3A jilA ke honAvara tAlluke me hai / zrI mahAvIra svAmI ke mandira meM unakI darzanIya pratimA hai / 1 jayapura -- rAjapUtAnA kA pramukha nagara hai / vahA~ kaI mandiroM me mahAvIrajI kI prAcIna mUrtiyA~ haiM aura eka mahAvIrajI kA mandira bhI hai / 6 1. di0 jai0 DA0, pR0 584 2. di0jai0DhA0, pR0 185 4. pUrva0 50 63 1 6. ma0 prA0 jai0 smA0, pR0 176 3. ma0prA0je0smA0 pR0 137 5. vaM0 prA0 jai0 mA0pa0 0 34

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( 350 ) bAdAmI -- vIjApura jilA meM prAcIna sthAna hai / yahI cAlukya rAjadhAnI vAtApi hai / yahA~ eka guphA maMdira san 650 I0 kA banA huA hai, jisake bAhara bha mahAvIra kI di0 jaina mUrti palyaMkAsana virAjamAna hai / yaha guphA zrI mahAvIra svAmI kI bhakti me apanI vItarAgatA jhalakA rahI hai / 2 yaha atizaya tIrtha rUpa meM pUjI jAnA cAhiye / bIjolyA - riyAsata udayapura me atizaya kSetra hai / yahA~ bha0 mahAvIra kI bhI mAnyatA thii| eka mAnastabha para unakI bhavya pratimA aMkita hai, jisa para kA lekha par3hA nahIM jAtA // 3 bInA - sAgara jile me atizaya tIrtha devarI ke nikaTa hai / yahA~ eka mandira meM bha0 mahAvIra kI zyAma varNa pApAraNa kI 12 phITa U~cI pratimA atyanta manogya aura darzanIya hai / belagAMva kA prAcIna nAma veNugrAma thA / yaha bambaI prAta me eka mukhya jilA hai | yahAeN pahale raTTa vaMza ke rAjA rAjya karate the / rAjA lakSmIdeva kI rAnI candrikAdevI jinendra mahAvIra kI bhakta thIM / unake asAdhya roga hone para unhoMne rAmabAga meM ekAtavAsa kiyA aura eka dina maMdira meM mahAvIra pratimA pratiSThita karA kara unakI pUjA me rata rahatIM thIM / isa bhakti ke phala svarupa unakA asAdhya roga acchA ho gayA aura vaha sthAna atizaya sthAna mAnA jAne lagA | bhojapura-bhopAla rAjya ke antargata eka prAcIna sthAna hai| se !C FAIO, pR0 103 2 maM0 prA0 3. di0 je0 DhA0, pR0 102, 4. di0 0 0 0 303 * | 1. matriyazanza huna mArDane karNATaka va korApura pR0 11

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( 351 ) yahA~ bha0 mahAvIra kI 20 phITa U~cI mUrti hai| ___ mathurA-sUrasena deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| yahA~ bha0 mahAvIra kI mAnyatA vizeSarUpa me rahI hai / yaha nirvANatIrtha hai / 2 ke mithilAparI-videha kI rAjadhAnI thI / vartamAna sItAmaDhI ko mithilA batAyA jAtA hai / bha0 mahAvIra kA yahA~ vihAra huA thaa| ke magagrAma-meM bha0 mahAvIra ke samaya vijaya kSatriya rAjA thaa| bhagavAna ne yahA~ mRgAputrake kRta pApoM kA varNana kiyA thA, yaha zvetAmbarIya zAstra batAte hai| ke mattikAvatI-nagarI dazArNadeza kI rAjadhAnI thii| bha0 mahAvIra yahA~ kaI daphA Ae the aura yahA~ ke rAjA dazArNabhadra ko dIkSA dI thii| rAjagaha-magadhadeza kI rAjadhAnI thaa| ise samrATa zreNika ne phira se banavAyA thaa| bha0 mahAvIrake samparka meM yaha nagara sabase adhika AyA thaa| yahA~ nikaTa vipulAcala parvata para bhagavAn kA samavazaraNa kaI daphA AyA thaa| rAjagaha ke sAmAnya-vizeSa prAyaH saba hI manuSya bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta bane the| Ajakala yaha paTanA jile kA rAjagiri sthAna hai|3 rAnIbaMdha-baMgAla ke mayUrabhaMjasTeTa me hai / yahA~ zrI bha0 mahAvIra kI mUrti milI hai jisakI pUjA karane loga yahA~ AyA karate the| 5. ma. mA. smA0, 10 11 2. di0 20 10, pR. 86 3, di0 20 110, pR0 565 4, 50 vi0 gho0 prA0 smA, pa..24

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( 352 ) * rolhIDakanagara meM dharaNa yakSa kA mandira thA / ve0 zAstra batAte haiM ki mahAvIrajI kA samavazaraNa yahA~ AyA thA / * vardhamAnapura - meM bha0 mahAvIra ne rAjJI aMja ke pUrvabhavo kA varNana kiyA thA / I * vANijya grAma - vaizAlI ke pAsa eka samRddhizAlI vyApArika maDI thI / zve0 zAstra batAte haiM ki bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta Ananda gAthApati pramukha koTyAdhIza gRhastha yahIM ke rahane vAle the / visAkhA - sambhavata. ayodhyA kA prAcIna nAma hai / parantu koI lakhanaU ko visAkhA batAte hai / kahate haiM, bhagavAn kA samavazaraNa yahA~ huA thA / I OM vItabhayanagara - sindhu- sauvIra deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| yahAeN ke rAjA udAyanako bhagavAn ne muni dIkSA dI thii| unakA samavazaraNa yahA~ AyA thA / vIra bhUmi - baMgAla pradeza kA eka jilA hai / prAcIna rAr3ha deza kA eka bhAga hai- bha0 mahAvIra yahA~ vicare the | vaizAlI - munaphpharapura jile kA basAr3ha nAmaka sthAna hai / - yaha videha deza kI rAjadhAnI thI / bha0 mahAvIra kI nanihAla cahA~ hI thI / uparAnta yaha jaina dharma kA pramukha kendra thA / 2 zatru Mjaya--jainiyoM kA pramukha tIrthaM saurASTra meM hai / bha0 mahAvIra kI mUrtiyAM yahA~ bhI haiM / zrAvastI - kauzala deza kI rAjadhAnI thI / goDA jile kA pa0 vi0 zrI0 prA0 smA0 pR0 113 116, 1. 2. pUrva0 0 23 21

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( 353 ) saheTha maheTha nAmaka gAMva prAcIna zrAvastI hai / bha0 mahAvIra kA samavazaraNa yahA~ kaI daphA AyA thA / yahA~ ke rAjA suhRdadhvaja jainI the / 1 zrI mahAvIrajI - ( cAMdanagAMva) jayapura riyAsata meM prasiddha atizaya kSetra hai / yahA~ ke vizAla maMdira meM bha0 mahAvIra kI vaha vizAla mUrti birAjamAna hai jo eka gvAlA ke dvArA bhUgarbha se nikAlI gaI thI aura dIvAna jodharAjanI bharatapura ne jise bRhad maMdira banavA kara usameM virAjamAna kiyA thA / yaha pratimA camatkAra liye hue batAI jAtI hai / isI kAraNa isa tIrtha kI vizeSa mAnyatA hai / 2 zrImAla - gurjara deza kI rAjadhAnI thA / AbU parvata se 50 mIla kI dUrI para yaha nagara avasthita hai / yahA~ terahavIM zatAbdi ke zilAlekha meM likhA hai ki bha0 mahAvIra kA zubhA gamana huA thA / ( yaH purAtra mahAsthAne zrImAle susamAgataH / sadevaH zrI mahAvIra ....... bhayatrAtA . ) 3 sAketa - kauzala deza kA prasiddha nagara aura eka samaya rAjadhAnI thaa| bha0 mahAvIra yahA~ padhAre the / saMdekhA - saMdraka jaina gaccha kA mukhya sthAna hai / yahA~ zrI mahAvIra svAmI kA jaina maMdira hai 14 isa prakAra bha0 mahAvIra kI mAnyatA ke mukhya tIrtha (1) pAvApura, (2) kuNDalapura bar3AgAMva, (3) kuNDalapura aura (4) 1. saM0 pu0 je0 smA0 pR0 62 2. di0 jai0 DA0 pa 480 3, maMga0 bhA0 1 khaMDa 1 pR0 480 4. marA0 prA0 ja0 0 smA0 pR0 163

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( 354 ) zrI mahAvIrajI caoNdanagAMva hI haiM / inake atirikta bha0 mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi aura tapobhUmi kA anumAna mujaphpharapura jile ke vasAr3ha grAma meM kiyA jAtA hai / kevalajJAnabhUmi jhiriyA kahI jAtI hai| ina kalyANaka tIrthoM kA bhI uddhAra honA Avazyaka hai / bhAratIya purAtatva meM jinamUrtiyoM aura unakI mudrA zrati prAcInakAla se upalabdha ho rahI haiN| moina jo-dar3o aura harappA ke purAtatva isake sAkSI haiM, parantu hamArA uddezya bha0 mahAvIra viSayaka purAtatva kA nirdeza karanA hai / ataeva bha0 mahAvIra kI upalabdha sarva prAcIna mUrti kA anveSaNa parane para hameM kaMkAlI TIlA mathurA athavA usmAnAbAda jile kA terapura sthAna smaraNa hotA hai| kaMkAlI TIlA se prApta bodvastUpa-paTa bha0 pArzvanAtha ke samayakA anumAna kiyA gayA hai, jisa para pAca tIrthaGkaroM kI mUrtiyA~ ati batAI gaI haiM / 2 yaha pAMca tIrthakara vaha hI pratIta hote haiM jinhoMne kaumArAvasthA meM dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI aura unameM eka mahAvIra bhI haiM / isa mUrti ke atirikta terapura kI mahAvIra mUrti bhI caturthakAla kI batAI jAtI hai arthAt vaha san IsvI se pahale kI nirmita hai / 3 udhara paTanA sTezana ke pAsa se mauryakAlIna jinapratimA upalabdha hai, 4 parantu ve khaMDita haiM aura unake viSaya meM yaha spaSTa nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki vaha kina tIrthakara kI pratimA haiM - unakA mahAvIra mUrti honA sambhava hai / kintu kaMkAlI TIlA se upalabdha mahAvIrajI kI eka pratimA 1. bha0pA0 kI bhUmikA dekho 2. jainaai TIkarI, bhA0 10023 3. karakaNDa ghariTa ( kAraMjA sorIna ) kI bhUmikA dekho / 4. jainaai TIkarI, bhA0 pa017 *

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( 355 ) I0 pUrva san 53 kI nissandeha sarva prAcIna pragaTa mUrti hai | 1 yaha pratimAyeM isa bAta kI sAkSI haiM ki bha0 mahAvIra kI mAnyatA eka atIva prAcInakAla se sAre bhAratavarSa meM vyApta ho gaI thI / kaliMga ke kumArI parvata para bha0 kA samozaraNa AyA thA aura vahA~ bhI I0 pUrva dvitIya zatAbdi kI jina pratimAyeM upalabdha hai | 2 udhara dakSiNa bhArata meM I0 pUrva tIsarI zatAbdi taka kI jinamUrtiyaoN milI hai / 3 1 mUrtiyoM ke atirikta zilAlekha purAtatva kI eka khAsa cIz2a hai| ajamera prAntAntargata bArlIgrAma se eka zilAlekha vIra nirvANa se 84 varSa pazcAt kA ati upalabdha huA hai, jisakA ullekha pahale bhI kiyA jA cukA hai / yaha zilAlekha yadyapi adhUrA hai, phira bhI usase spaSTa hai ki mAdhyamikA nagarI (udayapura) meM jinendra mahAvIra kI smRtirUpa koI vastu nirmANa kI gaI thI / 3 uparAnta samrATa azoka ke lekhoM meM yadyapi bha0 mahAvIra kA vyaktigata ulla ekha nahIM hai, parantu unake bhakta nirmantha zramaNoM kA ullekha avazya hai / 4 isake atirikta kaMkAlI TIlA ke mUrti lekha bhI dRSTavya hai / ye prAcIna zilAlekha bha0 mahAvIra ke astitva kA mahatva svayaM pragaTa karate haiM / prAcIna hI nahIM, arvAcIna kAla meM bhI bha0 mahAvIra ke smArka -svarUpa zilAlekha milate haiM / uname se kisI 1. impIriyala gaijeTiyara zraoNva iNDiyA bhA0 2 pR0 16 2. javithori so0 bhA0 3 pR 461-68 3. 'vIrAya bhagavate - ghaTharAsI nivasse - sAlA mAjiNIye - racie 5 vidva majjhimike / '- ma0pra0jai0smA0 pR0 160 4. azoka ke dharma lekha, pR0

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( 358 ) prAcIna bhArata meM svarNamudrAye bhI dharmabhAva ko lekara banAI jAtIM thiiN| unameM se eka suvarNamudrA para siMha Adi aise cinha jinase pragaTa hotA hai ki vaha mudrA bha0 mahAvIra ke bhakta dvArA unakI smRti meM DhAlI gaI thI ! paramatAvalambiyoM se zAstrArtha karane ke liye yaha dhArmika mudrAyeM eka sArvajanika cabUtare para rakha dIM jAtIM thIM / kahIM-kahIM aisI pASANa mUrtiyA~ bhI milIM haiM, jinameM rAjA siddhArtha aura rAnI trizalA vAlaka mahAvIra ko liye huye citrita haiM / kaMkAlI TIlA se eka pASANasTa milA hai jisameM bha0 mahAvIra kI bAlakAlIna ghaTanA aGkita hai / vahIM se kSatriyANI trizalAkI bhI mUrti milI hai| 'kalpasUtra' kI kucha aisI pratiyA~ bhI milatI hai jinameM bha0 mahAvIra ke citra vane hue haiM / jaina mandiroM meM bhI vIra jIvana sambandhI citra citrita milate haiM / sArAMza yaha ki bhaktiplAvita hRdayoM ne apanI bhakti kA prakAza vividha rUpa se karake bha mahAvIra ke jIvana ko sajIva aura prabhAvazAlI banA rakkhA hai ! 1 mama0 pR0 146-240

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