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INTRODUCTION
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Vedic language. There is, however, no doubt that it bas also the meaning assigned to it by Kulanātha; for instance, in Rāmāyaṇa 6.46.402.
In Setu 15.38 Kulanātha reads taila (probably neha ) for tuppa (ghee)". The verse is not found in the South Indian recension. Rāmadāsa's reading is ghaa or ghia, as pointed out by Goldschinidt, who, however, reads tuppa found in his ms. C. The NS ed. also has the same reading probably from some other source. Tuppa is extant in old and new Kannada, and is the usual word for ghee in that language. It was borrowed by Mahārāştrī, and survives in Marathi tūp. Tuppa and its derivative tuppalia occur also in the Gathāsa plaša ti“; and its use in an early Mahārāştri work like the Setubandha in connection with the lighting of lamps is quite normal. The word seems to have been replaced by the more familiar ghaa orghia in the recension of Ramadāsa; but it is difficult to explain how a word for oil could be substituted for it in the recension of Kulanātha, specially as the use of ghee for lighting purposes was popular in Bengal as elsewhere in India. It is, however, possible that
1 Cf. Whitney, The Roots, Verb-forms etc. of the Sanskrit Language, p. 130, Leipzig,
1885. 2 3715781 at als ZZ2 2D : 1 qera: 941 : ( v.r. 974: F:)...
crit. ed., p. 298. The word is also explained as 30(Bhāravi 7,32, cf. Māgha 5.6); faat (Bhāravi 15.7, cf. Rāmāyana 4.55.6). For other uses see Abhinavagupta on Nā:yaŠāstra 21.106; Venisamhāra 1.2 ; 6.9; Bhāravi 16,50; Kayyālankāra of Rudrața 11.30;
Amarusaraka, verse 63. Poona, 1959 etc. 3 See Extracts 15.38. 4 See comm. of Gangādhara on 3.89; 6.28. Tuppia, same as tuppalia besmeared, is
found in Amg texts, e.g. nehatuppiyagattam Vivrgasuya 37, ed. Vaidya. Cf. न य लोणं लोणिज्जइ ण य तुप्पिज्जइ घयं व तेल्लं वा cited in Silanka's comm. on Sutrakytänga 1.4.1.18. Srigodi Pārsva-Jainagranthamala, 1950. Murårigupta, a Bengali Vai pava poet of the sixtrenth century, says in one of his songs : ghrta diya eka rati jvali ail yugabāti se konane raho ayogane. See Sen, A History of Brajabuli Literature, p. 31, Calcutta, 1935.
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