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INTRODUCTION ștri verses in Kalidāsa's dramas.'
The occurrence of forms like those mentioned above in the Setubandha and the Gathasaptašatı points to the fact that noninitial i occasionally becomes d in early Mahārāșțrī in certain words and terminations. On the other hand, the change of t to d does not appear to have been a rigid characteristic of Sauraseni in its early phase. The Dhruvā songs in the Nātyaśāstra, which are composed in Saurasení, have not a few examples in which medial t does not change to d, but is vocalised as in Mabārāștri. It seems therefore that the vocalisation of consonants and the change of medial t to d have grown up as distinctive features of Mahārāștri and Sauraseny respectively in the gradual process of development of each language.
A peculiar form dūsaha (for tūsaha = tușyata) occurs in Setu 15.61. Madhava reads tūsaha, but SC text has dūsaha like Rāmadāsa.4 The change of initial t to d in a word not forming part of a compound is extremely rare, Reference may be made in this connection to dose for tose (toșah) in the Kalsi version of Asoka's sixth Rock Edict. The d, however, does not appear in any other version of the Edict. The expression disai in a verse quoted in the Praksta paingalam 2.193 is explained as tvisah
2
udu-mangalaam Sakuntala, ed. Cappeller, v. 124, pandana-vana-väda Vikramorvastyam 2.13, ed, Pandit. A few examples of this are also found in the early Jaina Mahārastri text Vasudeva. hindi. It has usually saraya and uu, but also sarada and udu occasionally (pp. 129. 130. 234, 238, 140). A few other d-forms are diyādi p. 210, namida p. 230, Samvarida p. 226 (also samvariya), vaddhāvida p. 152; also padi in nama-metta-padina p. 70. But as is usual in Jaina Mahārāştri, Vasu often retains d : madana, sādara. nadi etc. Nāțyaśāstra 32.440, ed. Ghosh (BI)=GOSed. 32.383. The printed text of SC has tüsaha, but the editor's footnote shows that the ms, has dūsaha.
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